cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Wing-Venation of the Coleoptera

In the course of the last two generations, since the first attempts by Adolph (Nova Acta der Leop.-Carol. deutschen Akad. d. Naturf. 41(2), 213, 1880.) and Redtenbacher (Ann. d. k. k. naturhist. Hofmuseums I, 153, 1886) the comparative study of the wing-veins of the various groups of insects, supplemented by that of their larval tracheae, has shown that all insect wings have a venation based on a common plan, whose modifications in the various orders are for the most part, well understood. In the Coleoptera, alone, of the larger orders, there is nothing approaching agreement in interpretation, for several reasons. In the first place the venation is sufficiently unique, and complicated, to make such a superficial study as brought even Adolph and Redtenbacher close to the truth in the Lepidoptera, for instance, almost completely futile. The complicated foldings also interrupt the veins and cause distortions in their courses. Further, the first forms studied for their pupal tracheation were specialized Cerambycidae, a family in which the tracheation is degenerate and no longer fully corresponds to the veins. Several workers, notably Kempers (Tijd. voor Entom. 42 to 45) and Kolbe (Archiv fur Naturges. 67: Beiheft 89, 1901) have been thrown off by Adolph’s or Woodworth’s theories of an alternate system of convex and concave veins, which in the manner applied by them, is deceptive in the higher orders. More recently d’Orchymont has proposed a more carefully studied scheme, but his also ignores the evidence of the tracheation, and to me seems only half correct. Kuhne’s study of the tracheation (Zeits. wiss. Zool. 112: 692) alone has resulted in essentially the same conclusions which are expanded below. His paper is somewhat diagrammatically illustrated and appears to have been largely ignored by other workers; but I have veritfied his main conclusions, the differences between our results being mainly a matter of interpretation.
Wingtip Vortex Behavior in the Vicinity of the Maximum Lift to Drag Ratio Lift Condition

Adverse effects of lift induced drag on the aerodynamic efficiency of aircraft are well known. Lift induced drag is generated as a byproduct of downwash from the wingtip vortices. The flow physics associated with wingtip vortex core axial flow transformation from wake-like (velocity less-than the freestream) to jetlike (velocity greater-than the freestream) behavior in the vicinity of the maximum lift to drag ratio (L/D) lift condition is explored. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) experiments were performed in the UD Low Speed Wind Tunnel in the near wake of an AR 6 wing with a Clark-Y airfoil to investigate the characteristics of the wingtip vortex at angles of attack ranging from 2 and 8 degrees. Results showed changes in the velocity distributions in the vortex inner and outer cores. Vorticity and exergy distributions indicated the existence of the wake-like to jet-like transformation in the range of 4° to 6° angle of attack. This range corresponds with the maximum L/D angle of attack of the Clark-Y tested. A relationship between the vortex core axial velocity profile changeover and the angle of attack at maximum L/D was identified. Improved understanding of this relationship could be extended not only to improve aircraft performance through the reduction of lift induced drag, but also to air vehicle performance in off-design cruise conditions.
Abstract B15: Measuring medical mistrust at Dia de la Mujer Latina health fiestas

Mistrust of research and the medical system is a frequent barrier to participation in clinical trials. However, there is a paucity of data on how medical mistrust serves as a barrier to participation in clinical research among Latinas from various Latin American ethnic groups. Culturally, Latina women are the key decision makers when it comes to healthcare. Therefore, this study focused on Latinas who attended three Dia de la Mujer Latina (DML) health fiestas. Methods:Promotoras de Salud (community health workers) were trained to present a bilingual Medical Abuse and Medical Mistrust Awareness Survey (MAMMAS©), culturally translated, to Latinas from 18 years of age and older at 3 DML Health Fiestas events (Puerto Rico, Houston,Texas and Miami, Florida). MAMMAS© is innovative because it breaks down their perception of the medical institutions as well as their knowledge of clinical research, the HPV vaccine and the well‐documented medical abuse historical cases. Questions captured demographics, insurance coverage, assimilation, acculturation, knowledge of preventive screenings for breast and cervical cancer, understanding and perception of clinical trials, awareness of historical medical abuse, mistrust of medical providers, their insights about barriers to obtaining these cancer screenings; and if the barrier of mistrust would hinder them from participating in a clinical research or clinical trial. Conclusions: The results of the MAMMAS survey will emphasize the need for more research on this topic. There were a total of 357 participants who completed the survey, however, there were 527 who began the process but did not complete due to their confusion with the response scale. 201 Survey respondents were conscious of the importance of cancer screening, but expressed fear as a major barrier. 294 Survey respondents believed that mistrust plays a key role in their participation into clinical trials. 253 Survey respondents felt that patients may have been deceived or misled by healthcare organizations 204 Survey respondents stated that mistakes are usually covered up by healthcare organizations. 227 Survey respondents believed that healthcare organization have experimented on patients w/o their knowledge. 269 Survey respondents were aware of some form of medical abuse that occurred. Citation Information: Cancer Prev Res 2010;3(1 Suppl):B15.
SIMPLEX: Symbol-Level Information Multiplex

Internet of Things (IoT) heavily relies on wireless communication to interconnect various sensors and hubs. This paper proposes a symbol-level information multiplexing mechanism (SIMPLEX) that exploits link margin in wireless networks to minimize channel underutilization. Multiplexing is achieved by carrying extra information through a type of specially designed symbols inserted. The key enabler of the inserting and detecting such specially symbols is a per-bit channel assessment scheme that hierarchically estimates the error probability of a received symbol. On the GNU SDR testbed experiments, SIMPLEX shows an accuracy of 97% in recognizing the special symbols in demultiplexing. By varying the frequency domain indices of such specially symbols and their positions on I–Q constellation map, SIMPLEX provides a series of multiplexing rates that carry different amount of extra information. We also design an adaptive multiplexing rate selection scheme to dynamically achieve optimal exploitation of link margin upon instant channel conditions, which can find the optimal multiplexing rates over 90% of the time on the testbed. Multiplexing throughput gain has been theoretically derived and empirically validated of high accuracy with only a negligible deviation to experiment results. A throughput gain can be obtained as much as up to 55%.
Interosseous Membrane of the Forearm

Background Injuries of the interosseous membrane (IOM) of the forearm are frequently unrecognized, difficult to treat, and can result in a devastating sequelae for the wrist and elbow. Purpose The purpose of this review article is to evaluate the dignosis, biomechanics, clinical results, and propose a treatment approach to this rare complex entity. Methods The biomechanical and clinical literature is reviewed. A treatment approach is described based on the known biomechanics and clinical experience of the senior author (T. W. W.). Results Multiple different reconstructive methods have been proposed for the treatment of both acute and chronic IOM injuries. The results of the published series are reviewed. IOM injuries can have reasonable outcomes particularly if diagnosed and treated early. Conclusion There are multiple methods for treating patients with IOM injuries. Physicians should be highly suspicious about this injury when a patient presents with a highly displaced radial head fracture associated with wrist pain. Treatment with reconstruction of the cerebral band of the IOM with radial head replacement (do not overstuff) and temporary uploading the construct with K-wires from the ulna to the radius will give the most predictable results.
Understanding body representations

A number of different yet interacting systems are involved in representing our bodies. Our ability to perceive our bodies is the product of a complex multisensory system, integrating information fr...
CMT-3. CollaGenex.

CMT-3 is an orally active matrix metalloprotease inhibitor, and one of a series of inhibitors of multiple proteases and cytokines, under development by CollaGenex. The compound is currently undergoing phase II trials for the potential treatment of cancer, in particular metastatic cancer and HIV-related Kaposi's sarcoma.
My Accent, Myself: Transforming Liabilities Related to Otherness into Assets

As an international doctoral student, the author is reflecting on her relationships with her privileged status back home as well as her evolving ongoing struggles with her otherness while living, studying, and teaching in the United States. As a racial and cultural hybrid instructor, the author portrays three relevant factors. First, she examines her pedagogy and relationships with the students she teaches. Next, she explores the way her otherness is portrayed in the classroom. Lastly, she investigates the various facets of being a non-U.S. American female scholar in social, public, and academic spaces.
Sex-related substance use and the externalizing spectrum.

Abstract Background Substance use before and during sexual activity is associated with many negative health outcomes. Estimates suggest that at least 4.3 million American adults annually engage in regular sex-related alcohol consumption , indicating that the intersection of substance use and sexual behavior is of public health concern. However, it is likely that when considering broader sex-related substance use , estimates would be notably higher. While substance use disorders and antisocial personality disorder have been associated with sex-related alcohol consumption, no study has investigated how regular sex-related substance use is associated with the broader transdiagnostic externalizing spectrum. Further, no studies have assessed whether or not sexual risk-taking behaviors can be integrated into the externalizing spectrum. Methods In a large internet sample ( N = 936), we used confirmatory factor analysis, item response theory, and logistic regression to link sex-related alcohol and drug use to an externalizing latent variable; identified psychometric characteristics of these behaviors; and determined the extent to which one’s externalizing level was associated with changes in odds of regular sex-related substance use. We then replicated these findings in a nationally representative sample ( N = 34,653). Results Results highlighted the close association between sex-related substance use and externalizing, with externalizing increases being associated with significantly increased odds of regular sex-related substance use. Conclusions These findings bear notable implications for conceptualization and treatment of sex-related substance use. Transdiagnostic intervention can be an efficient means of addressing this problematic behavior as well as other comorbid presentations. Results expand the current conceptualization of the externalizing spectrum.
Cytomorphologic features distinguishing Bethesda category IV thyroid lesions from parathyroid.

Background: Thyroid follicular cells share similar cytomorphological features with parathyroid. Without a clinical suspicion, the distinction between a thyroid neoplasm and an intrathyroidal parathyroid can be challenging. The aim of this study was to assess the distinguishing cytomorphological features of parathyroid (including intrathyroidal) and Bethesda category IV (Beth-IV) thyroid follicular lesions, which carry a 15%–30% risk of malignancy and are often followed up with surgical resection. Methods: A search was performed to identify “parathyroid” diagnoses in parathyroid/thyroid-designated fine-needle aspirations (FNAs) and Beth-IV thyroid FNAs (follicular and Hurthle cell), all with diagnostic confirmation through surgical pathology, immunocytochemical stains, Afirma® analysis, and/or clinical correlation. Unique cytomorphologic features were scored (0-3) or noted as present versus absent. Statistical analysis was performed using R 3.3.1 software. Results: We identified five FNA cases with clinical suspicion of parathyroid neoplasm, hyperthyroidism, or thyroid lesion that had an eventual final diagnosis of the parathyroid lesion (all female; age 20–69 years) and 12 Beth-IV diagnoses (11 female, 1 male; age 13–64 years). The following cytomorphologic features are useful distinguishing features (P value): overall pattern (0.001), single cells (0.001), cell size compared to red blood cell (0.01), nuclear irregularity (0.001), presence of nucleoli (0.001), nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio (0.007), and nuclear chromatin quality (0.028). Conclusions: There are cytomorphologic features that distinguish Beth-IV thyroid lesions and (intrathyroidal) parathyroid. These features can aid in rendering correct diagnoses and appropriate management.
On the Effectiveness of Pop-Up English Language Glossary Accommodations for EL Students in Large-Scale Assessments

ABSTRACTThis study examined the effectiveness and influence on validity of a computer-based pop-up English glossary accommodation for English learners (ELs) in grades 3 and 7. In a randomized controlled trial, we administered pop-up English glossaries with audio to students taking a statewide accountability English language arts (ELA) and mathematics assessments. As is typically found, EL students exhibited lower achievement scores than non-EL students in all portions of the test. The pop-up glossaries provided inconsistent benefit for EL students. There was some evidence that the pop-up English glossaries had a minimal inhibitory effect for 3rd-grade students on both the ELA and mathematics assessment. Furthermore, 7th-grade ELs also showed slightly inhibited performance when using the pop-up glossary on the mathematics assessment. However, 7th-grade EL students had a performance benefit when using the pop-up glossary on the ELA assessment. We discuss how increased cognitive load placed on younger studen...
Wear Rates With Large Metal and Ceramic Heads on a Second Generation Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene at Mean 6-Year Follow-Up.

Abstract Background Bearing surface wear and osteolysis are major factors limiting the durability of total hip arthroplasty (THA). Second generation annealed highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) and ceramics were introduced to THA for their excellent wear rates. However, there is little data comparing the wear rates of metal and ceramic heads on second generation HXLPE. Methods Sixty patients who received a noncemented THA with a 32- or 36-mm delta ceramic head were matched with 60 THAs with a 32- or 36-mm metal head based on gender, head size, follow-up, and University of California, Los Angeles activity score. Linear and volumetric wear rates were measured. Results At mean 6-year follow-up, the mean linear wear rates were 0.012 mm/y (standard deviation [SD] 0.045; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.001-0.024) and 0.018 mm/y (SD 0.025; 95% CI 0.012-0.025) for the ceramic and metal groups, respectively (P = .724). The mean volumetric wear rates for the ceramic and metal head groups were 11.9 (SD 43.0; 95% CI 0.7-23.0) and 17.3 (SD 23.9; 95% CI 11.1-23.4), respectively. No significant differences were detectable in either the mean linear or volumetric wear rates (P = .380 and P = .398, respectively). Conclusion Second generation HXLPE had low wear rates and we were unable to detect a significant difference in wear rates with 32- or 36-mm metal and ceramic heads. We believe that this is due to the excellent tribological properties of second generation HXLPE. We continue to use ceramic as standard of care because of issues of trunnionosis with metal heads.
Three-Dimensional Microphase Separation and Synergistic Permeability in Stacked Lipid–Polymer Hybrid Membranes

We present new structures of soft-material thin films that augment the functionality of substrate-mediated delivery systems. A hybrid material composed of phospholipids and block copolymers adopts a multilayered membrane structure supported on a solid surface. The hybrid films comprise intentional intramembrane heterogeneities that register across multilayers. These stacked domains convey unprecedented enhancement and control of permeability of solutes across micrometer-thick films. Using grazing incidence X-ray scattering, phase contrast atomic force microscopy, and confocal microscopy, we observed that in each lamella, lipid and polymers partition unevenly within the membrane plane segregating into lipid- or polymer-rich domains. Interestingly, we found evidence that like-domains align in registry across multilayers, thereby making phase separation three-dimensional. Phase boundaries exist over extended length scales to compensate the height mismatch between lipid and polymer molecules. We show that mic...
Disparities in cancer survival and incidence by metropolitan versus rural residence in Utah

Cancer disparities in rural and frontier communities are an important issue in Utah because much of Utah is sparsely populated. The aims of this study were to investigate whether there are differences in the cancer incidence and 5-year survival rates in Utah by metropolitan/rural residence and to investigate disparities in distributions of cancer risk factors. We used cancer registry records to identify patients diagnosed with a first primary cancer in Utah between 2004 and 2008. We estimated 5-year survival and incidence rates. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for the risk of death. There were 32,498 (86.9%) patients with cancer who lived in metropolitan counties and 4906 (13.1%) patients with cancer who lived in rural counties at the time of cancer diagnosis. Patients with cancer from rural counties were more likely to be older, American Indian/Alaskan Native, non-Hispanic, male, and diagnosed at higher stage. Rural residents had a five-year relative survival that was 5.2% lower than metropolitan residents and a 10% increase in risk of death (HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.03, 1.18) after adjustment for multiple factors. Overall, the cancer incidence rates in rural counties were lower by 11.9 per 100,000 per year (449.2 in rural counties vs. 461.1 in metropolitan counties). Cancer patients living in rural counties of Utah had different demographic characteristics as well as differences in incidence and survival rates. Further studies with individual-level data are necessary to investigate the reasons behind these differences in cancer incidence and survival to reduce disparities.
Globalization, Development, and Energy

Young adults today have grown up in a world where globalization is a massive reality and where most of our politicians accept its supposed virtues or did so until recently. There are fierce discussions, or more often positions, about whether or how globalization is losing (or gaining) us jobs, or whether we have globalized too much or not enough, but for most people it is just a fact represented by the labels on their clothes or electronic devices indicating production or manufacture from all around the world. This was not the case when the authors of this book were young—at that time nearly everything we ate, wore, or drove was «made in America.» Anything from overseas—except specialized luxury goods—was normally viewed with great suspicion. Thus globalization, at least at the scale we see it today, is a relatively recent phenomenon. That makes it useful and important to understand why globalization has become so important, what are the perceived and actual gains and costs and how these are related to energy use ► [1].
Modifications of 2:1 Clay Minerals in a Kaolinite-Dominated Ultisol under Changing Land-Use Regimes

Chemical denudation and chemical weathering rates vary under climatic, bedrock, biotic, and topographic conditions. Constraints for landscape evolution models must consider changes in these factors on human and geologic time scales. Changes in nutrient dynamics, related to the storage and exchange of K+ in clay minerals as a response to land use change, can affect the rates of chemical weathering and denudation. Incorporation of these changes in landscape evolution models can add insight into how land use changes affect soil thickness and erodibility. In order to assess changes in soil clay mineralogy that result from land-use differences, the present study contrasts the clay mineral assemblages in three proximal sites that were managed differently over nearly the past two centuries where contemporary vegetation was dominated by old hardwood forest, old-field pine, and cultivated biomes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the oriented clay fraction using K-, Mg-, and Na-saturation treatments for the air-dried, ethylene glycol (Mg-EG and K-EG) solvated, and heated (100, 350, and 550°C) states were used to characterize the clay mineral assemblages. XRD patterns of degraded biotite (oxidized Fe and expelled charge-compensating interlayer K) exhibited coherent scattering characteristics similar to illite. XRD patterns of the Mg-EG samples were, therefore, accurately modeled using NEWMOD2® software by the use of mineral structure files for discrete illite, vermiculite, kaolinite, mixed-layer kaolinite-smectite, illite-vermiculite, kaolinite-illite, and hydroxy-interlayered vermiculite. The soil and upper saprolite profiles that formed on a Neoproterozoic gneiss in the Calhoun Experimental Forest in South Carolina, USA, revealed a depth-dependence for the deeply weathered kaolinitic to the shallowly weathered illitic/vermiculitic mineral assemblages that varied in the cultivated, pine, and hardwood sites, respectively. An analysis of archived samples that were collected over a five-decade growth period from the pine site suggests that the content of illite-like layers increased at the surface within 8 y. Historical management of the sites has resulted in different states of dynamic equilibrium, whereby deep rooting at the hardwood and pine sites promotes nutrient uplift of K from the weathering of orthoclase and micas. Differences in the denudation rates at the cultivated, pine, and hardwood sites through time were reflected by changes in the soil clay mineralogy. Specifically, an increased abundance of illite-like layers in the surface soils can serve as a reservoir of K+.
Migration of Legacy Mumps Applications to Relational Database Servers

An extended implementation of the Mumps language is described that facilitates vendor neutral migration of legacy Mumps applications to SQL-based relational database servers. Implemented as a compiler, this system translates Mumps programs to operating system independent, standard C code for subsequent compilation to fully stand-alone, binary executables. Added built-in functions and support modules extend the native hierarchical Mumps database with access to industry standard, networked, relational database management servers (RDBMS) thus freeing Mumps applications from dependence upon vendor specific, proprietary, unstandardized database models. Unlike Mumps systems that have added captive, proprietary RDMBS access, the programs generated by this development environment can be used with any RDBMS system that supports common network access protocols. Additional features include a built-in web server interface and the ability to interoperate directly with programs and functions written in other languages.
Blue Ribbon Abstract Award

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In persons with spinal cord injuries and disorders (SCI&D), infection is the most common reason for rehospitalization, emergency room visits, and death. The long-term consequences of infection may also contribute to increased health care utilization and/or death. The objective was to assess long-term outcomes associated with previous nosocomial infections in individuals with SCI&D. METHODS: Cohort study of individuals with SCI&D who had at least one hospital admission during fiscal year 2002 (FY02) (10/01–9/02). Starting from the first FY02 admission each patient was followed for 3 years to assess long-term outcomes (inpatient (IP) days, outpatient (OP) visits, and mortality). Chi-square, t-tests, and survival analysis were used to assess differences between individuals who had at least one nosocomial infection during FY02 and those with none in terms of demographic, injury, and health characteristics, and outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship of prior infection with long term mortality. RESULTS: 115 people had at least one infection (n = 226). Groups did not differ by gender, ethnicity, or marital status. Those missing duration, level, and age at injury values were more likely to be in the non-infection group. Individuals with SCI&D who had at least one past occurrence of a nosocomial infection were older (60 vs. 56 years, p = 0.04) and had more comorbidities (mean: 1.19 vs. 0.70, p = 0.01). During the 3 year follow-up, they had more mean IP admissions (4.66 vs. 3.13, p CONCLUSIONS: Nosocomial infections are associated with more IP hospital use, longer admissions, a higher risk of death, and shorter survival time in persons with SCI&D followed for 3 years. OP utilization did not differ, suggesting that nosocomial infections have more serious consequences that result in hospitalization and death. Efforts to reduce long-term adverse effects should focus on prevention of nosocomial infections.
Single donor platelet transfusion.

Cytopheresis equipment from a number of manufacturers now permits the rapid, safe, and eflicient procurement of functionally normal platelets from Single donors. There has been an extensive proliferation of these blood cell separators and virtually all large blood collection centers and most large hospitals have at least one blood cell Separator in Operation. Transfusions from Single donors selected by HLA typing are a wellaccepted feature of the management of alloimmunized patients [1, 2]. In addition, occasional centers located at a distance from regional blood transfusion centers utilize nonmatched transfusions from Single donors as a major part of their “regular” platelet supply. Because most Single donor transfusions are not obtained from “closed systems” however, these collections cannot be stored for more than 24 h, making it more difficult to utilize such produets rationally as a form of long-term platelet inventory. Furthermore, the availability of newer plastic bags now allows storage of platelet concentrates at ambient temperatures with preservation of normal posttransfusion recovery after 7 days of storage [3]. Thus, there should be few such “geographic peculiarities” which necessitate the widespread use of Single donor platelets as “random donor platelets” in the future.
Ionescu-Shiley Bovine Pericardial Bioprostheses

Early and late follow-up data are presented for a series of 2701 patients who had lonescu-Shiley pericardial xenograft valves implanted over a 6-year period at the Texas Heart Institute. The study confirms the advantages of the valve with regard to thromboembolism and hemodynamic function and indicates that durability is acceptable at 5 years. The lonescu-Shiley pericardial xenograft valve is suitable for patients who require a bioprosthesis, but further follow-up is necessary to determine long-term durability
Did Congress Goof? TCJA and the Taxation of Self-Created Patents and Inventions

Congress, by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, amended the Internal Revenue Code so that patents and inventions created by the personal efforts of a taxpayer disposing of them are not capital assets, and therefore generate ordinary gain or loss. In and of itself, the action seems straightforward enough. It represents a policy choice about which reasonable minds can certainly differ, but it is a clear policy choice. Congress, however, did not repeal or amend another, pre-existing, provision specifically granting capital gain treatment to specifically the same class of assets. What is the effect of Congress’s action under the circumstances? It is possible to reconcile the provisions as a matter of pure textual analysis. That reconciliation, however, seems quite contrary to the desire or intent of those who initiated the amendment because it leaves most gain from the disposition of the assets in question taxed at capital rather than ordinary rates. This Article does not address the matter as a question of tax policy. Rather the question this Article addresses is the efficacy of the legislative process. What are the prospects for the proposition that self-created patents and inventions generate ordinary income as the Internal Revenue Code stands today? What action should be taken if the desire truly is to impose such ordinary income taxation and to deny capital gain taxation? In the end, if the desire is to tax the disposition of self-created patents and inventions at ordinary rate, legislative action is the best option. This Article demonstrates that courts or the Treasury might rescue that resort, but that might not happen. If there is a bottom line to the analysis, it is this. Congress should, and should be expected to, clean up its own messes.
A Coupled Inductive Bridge for Magnetic Sensing Applications

A highly-sensitive magnetic sensor with excellent long-term stability is presented. We modify a conventional all-inductor AC Wheatstone Bridge by coupling two inductor pairs in a cross-coupled configuration which halves its size and doubles its sensitivity, while maintaining a fully differential output that reduces common-mode induced offset and drift. The sensor was fabricated with integrated excitation and receiver circuitry in a 65nm bulk CMOS process. It operates between 770MHz and 1.45GHz, has an effective sensing area of 200µm × 200µm, and reliably and continuously detects single 4.5µm magnetic label beads without significant drift over time periods notably longer than previously reported works. To our best knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a magnetic sensor using a fully symmetric, gain enhanced, and all-inductor coupled bridge circuit.
Turbulence Observations in the Northern Gulf of Mexico from a Slocum Glider

In this study, we show that a Webb Slocum G2 deepwater glider equipped with a microstructure package can be used to quantify the horizontal and vertical structure of turbulence. We present data obtained during the 2016 Gulf of Mexico Mixing (GoMix) experiment, which took place at the edge of the continental slope of the northern Gulf of Mexico in September 2016. The glider was operated in a yo-yo mode and collected data from 20m (base of the surface mixed layer) to ∼5m above the bottom. The observational results show that turbulence is strongest in the thermocline with maximum values greater than 10−6m2s−3. Enhanced turbulent layers are often measured below the thermocline, revealing the “pancake-like” structure of the turbulent field in the ocean. The turbulent dissipation rate down to about $3\times 10^{-11}\ \mathbf{m}^{2}\mathbf{s}^{-3}$ is measured in the most quiescent layers indicating extremely low levels of noise of the glider turbulence observations. Criteria have been developed to evaluate the turbulence influence on droplet dynamics in case of a spill. Based on the turbulent velocity scale, for oil droplets with rising speed greater than 10−2 m s−1, the turbulence effect can be ignored. For oil droplets with rising speed less than 10−4 m s−1, their motion will be affected by the turbulent flow at all depths. For oil droplets with rising speed between 10−4 and 10−2 m s−1, their influence by turbulence is dependent on the strength of local turbulence and water stratification. The enhanced turbulent layers shown in this study are expected to have larger impact on the oil droplet motions when encountered by the oil/gas mixture/hydrate droplets during an oil spill.
Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding (LAGB) as a Bariatric Procedure

Abstract Since the uprise of the obesity pandemic in most industrialized countries, different clinical and surgical approaches have been proposed as a treatment for obesity. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) proposed a concept that was described several decades ago using a band to mechanically restrict the gastric reservoir for the purpose of weight loss. Several attempts were made using nonadjustable gastric bands placed with an open surgery, although these attempts were somewhat successful in terms of initial weight loss, the fixed gastric banding with the open technique was rather a morbid procedure with several complications. Later on, the fixed gastric banding was replaced with a less morbid adjustable band and laparoscopic surgery became standard in this restrictive procedure, not only changing the LAGB outcome but also transforming the outlook for bariatric surgery in general. Positive outcomes combined with the fairly simple technique and short length of stay surgery made LAGB the most popular bariatric surgery in the early 2000s. Long-term outcomes have since shadowed the early positive results of this procedure, showing multiple complications, high rates of reoperations, and weight loss failure making LAGB a less desirable procedure and sharply declining its use in just a couple of years. The most significant historic milestones, the fundamental changes in the design and most recent technique, and the potential reasons that determined a quick rise and a progressive fall of LAGB's popularity are reviewed.
How Important is the “Time Horizon”?: An Investigation of Financial Well-Being: An Abstract

Consumer financial well-being is one of the important research areas in marketing (Burroughs and Rindfleisch 2002). Some of the financial products are related to wealth accumulation (Poterba 2000). However, some of the financial products are related to prepare untimely financial risk (Tapiero 2004). Managing mortality risk by purchasing a life insurance policy is important for the consumers in terms of preventing survivors from the financial hardship that eventually erodes family happiness (Dahl and Moller 2006). Previous research has explored the factors that influence the demand for life insurance; however, little effort has focused on the effect of the financial planning time horizon which is crucial to develop an effective strategic plan (Zellweger 2007). Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine financial planning time horizon influenced the financial well-being and to investigate the correlations between the amount of life insurance purchased, subjectively reported financial planning time horizon, and numerous financial characteristics that suggests a direction forward in terms of consumer financial well-being as a macro-level goal. As financial counselor and policy maker, it is our mission that longer planning time horizon would be helpful to achieve quality of life for the financial well-being. These findings suggest that individuals perceive liquid assets and credit as an additional safety net rather than a substitute for insurance. Many of financially vulnerable consumers are not purchasing financial products optimal for the purposes. In other words, consumers having a long-term time horizon could both purchase insurance and maintain financial assets or request higher borrowing limits. Consumers with long time planning horizon are likely to have diverse types of financial products as well as higher amount of net worth. The findings indicate that financial education or financial counseling focusing on longer planning time horizon would be helpful for the adequacy of life insurance purchases.
Differentiating dark personalities on impression management

Abstract Although dark personalities exhibit a manipulative interpersonal style, it remains unclear how this style manifests differently across conceptually-distinct dark personalities. To address this issue, a college-student sample (N = 299) completed indices of the Dark Triad (DT; grandiose narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy) and vulnerable narcissism. Participants then simulated scenarios where appearing either more or less mentally healthy than a peer would win oneself a reward (i.e., healthy-advantage vs. unhealthy-advantage condition, respectively), and participants simulated having the ability to influence how mentally healthy they and their peer appeared. To secure a reward for the self, participants generally (1) presented the self as more mentally healthy in the healthy-advantage vs. unhealthy-advantage condition and (2) presented the other as less mentally healthy in the healthy-advantage vs. unhealthy-advantage condition. Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and vulnerable narcissism each enhanced the former effect but only Machiavellianism enhanced the latter effect. Grandiose narcissism related to describing oneself as mentally-healthy regardless of whether this portrayal was advantageous. Broadly, the findings show differentiation among dark personalities on impression-management behavior and help tease apart the personalities on manipulative behavior.
Comparative analysis of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor versus carboplatin-based chemotherapy for cisplatin-ineligible metastatic urothelial carcinoma: A multicenter, retrospective real-world evidence

Abstract Background First-line immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) for cisplatin-ineligible metastatic urothelial carcinoma patients has been approved by FDA and EMA. However, there is still a lack of evidence to directly compare treatment efficacy between ICI and conventional carboplatin-based chemotherapy. Here we conduct a retrospective analysis to compare the survival outcome between ICI and carboplatin treatment. Methods The study enrolled 130 metastatic urothelial carcinoma patients who underwent first-line ICI or carboplatin-based chemotherapy at Kaohsiung and Linko Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between May 2001 and Jun 2019. Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox proportional regression models were used for univariate and multivariate survival analyses. Results In total, there were 44 patients (34%) in the ICI group and 86 patients (66%) in the carboplatin group. The median OS was insignificantly different between ICI and carboplatin groups, accounting for 11.1 and 9.5 months (p = 0.46), respectively. The median PFS in ICI and carboplatin groups were 2.5 and 3.7 months, respectively (p = 0.92). On subgroup analysis, OS was significantly worse for ICI treatment in patients with elevated pretreatment white blood cell count (WBC ≥ 10000 × 103/μL) compared with those on carboplatin group (HR 2.41, 95% CI 1.1 – 5.25, p = 0.03). Conclusions In this real-world data analysis, we didn’t show significant survival difference in first-line treatment with ICI and carboplatin-based chemotherapy. Legal entity responsible for the study The authors. Funding Has not received any funding. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Reconfigurable mm Wave Flexible Packages with Ultra-thin Fan-Out Embedded Tunable Ceramic IPDs

Abstract In this work, we show the use of tunable ceramic type integrated passive devices for mm-wave antenna applications. The specific illustrations are made using BST (barium strontium titanate)...
Dear Teacher, there’s work to do: a review of Teaching Gender and Sexuality at School: by Tara Goldstein. New York, NY: Routledge, 2018. 222 pp., USD $46.95 (paperback), ISBN 9781138387140

Although there are many professional resources available for K-12 teachers who want not only to cultivate safe and inclusive spaces for their LGBTQ students, but also to center the lives of the LGB...
Anterior Approach to the Neck: Long-Term Follow-Up.

BACKGROUND The anterior or submental necklift has been well described. Long-term results have been demonstrated in patients with minimal, mild, and moderate skin excess. It relies on the skin's unique ability to contract once separated from its attachments and further enhances the surgical result with treatment of the intermediate layer- subplatysmal fat, anterior digastric, submandibular gland, and platysma. Treatment of this layer differentiates this operation from liposuction and offers benefits beyond liposuction alone. OBJECTIVES The authors sought to assess the long-term success of the anterior necklift for neck rejuvenation and determine its utility in patients with severe cervicomental angles. METHODS This was a single-surgeon, retrospective review of patients who underwent an isolated anterior necklift with no additional procedures between 1998 and 2017. Pre- and postprocedure photographs were scrambled and examined by independent evaluators grading the change in cervicomental angle based on the Knize scale. The reduction in apparent age was calculated utilizing the validated apparent age assessment scale. RESULTS Twenty-seven patients were evaluated (42% mild and 58% moderate to severe necks preoperatively). The average follow-up was 24.7 months. There was an average 3.6-year age reduction and 1.0-grade improvement in all patients. In moderate to severe necks, there was a 3.9-year age reduction and 1.4-grade improvement in the cervicomental angle following surgery. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the operation in improving the cervicomental angle and reducing the overall apparent age of patients, even more so in severe cases. The operation is an option for patients who desire neck improvement but are unwilling to undergo a facelift. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4
Approach to Revascularization in the Potential Kidney Transplant Recipient

The potential kidney transplant recipient, recognized as a patient with elevated cardiovascular risk, is typically aggressively screened for coronary artery disease (CAD). Although the prevalence of CAD in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) is high, there are challenges with the diagnosis of CAD because symptoms, risk prediction models, and stress testing tend to be less reliable in these patients, when compared with those with normal renal function. Many questions remain about the optimal treatment strategy, since patients with advanced CKD have historically been excluded from large clinical trials. Thus, guidelines and clinical practice are not based on robust evidence-based medicine. Patients with advanced CKD are at increased risk for periprocedural complications such as bleeding, thrombotic events, and acute kidney injury (AKI). Whether revascularization with either percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) improves prognosis during the wait time or around the time of renal transplantation remains to be proven. If a decision is made to revascularize, the optimal timing for revascularization, the optimal mode of revascularization (PCI or CABG), the optimal stent type (drug-eluting stents [DES] or bare-metal stents [BMS]), and the optimal duration of dual-antiplatelet therapy are not well-defined. Contemporary DES have shown outcomes similar to CABG in patients with multivessel CAD, with the trade-off being the increased long-term risk of repeat revascularization but decreased upfront risk of stroke, worsening renal function, and death. Given the potential for AKI, specific strategies should be undertaken to optimize post-procedural outcomes. Future studies specifically addressing the advanced CKD population will provide directions for optimal management of such patients.
Association between patient race and staff resuscitation efforts after cardiac arrest in outpatient dialysis clinics: A study from the CARES surveillance group.

Abstract Background Cardiac arrest is the leading cause of death among patients receiving hemodialysis. Despite guidelines recommending CPR training and AED presence in dialysis clinics, rates of CPR and AED use by dialysis staff are suboptimal. Given that racial disparities exist in bystander CPR administration in non-healthcare settings, we examined the relationship between patient race/ethnicity and staff-initiated CPR and AED application within dialysis clinics. Methods We analyzed data prospectively collected in the Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival across the U.S. from 2013 to 2017 and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services dialysis facility database to identify outpatient dialysis clinic cardiac arrest events. Using multivariable logistic regression models, we examined relationships between patient race/ethnicity and dialysis staff-initiated CPR and AED application. Results We identified 1568 cardiac arrests occurring in 809 hemodialysis clinics. The racial/ethnic composition of patients was 31.3% white, 32.9% Black, 10.7% Hispanic/Latinx, 2.7% Asian, and 22.5% other/unknown. Overall, 88.0% of patients received CPR initiated by dialysis staff, but rates differed by race: 91% of white patients, 85% of black patients, and 77% of Asian patients (p = 0.005). After adjusting for differences in patient and clinic characteristics, black (OR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.25–0.68) and Asian patients (OR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.12–0.65) were significantly less likely than white patients to receive staff-initiated CPR. No significant difference between staff-initiated CPR rates among white, Hispanic/Latinx, and other/unknown patients was observed. An AED was applied by dialysis staff in 62% of patients. In adjusted models, there was no relationship between patient race/ethnicity and staff AED application. Conclusions Black and Asian patients are significantly less likely than white patients to receive CPR from dialysis staff. Further understanding of practices in dialysis clinics and increased awareness of this disparity are necessary to improve resuscitation practices.
Gastrointestinal duplication cyst resulting in abdominal obstruction, pancreatitis, and intractable vomiting

Abstract Gastrointestinal duplication cysts are rare congenital anomalies that typically present with symptoms of abdominal obstruction. We present a 3-year-old female with recurrent episodes of emesis who was eventually diagnosed with a gastrointestinal, likely duodenal, duplication cyst. The diagnosis was delayed as providers initially attributed symptoms to more common diagnoses resulting in vomiting. Gastrointestinal duplication cysts should remain on the differential in a young child with symptoms of unexplained intestinal obstruction.
The Potential of Single Cell RNA-Sequencing Data for the Prediction of Gastric Cancer Serum Biomarkers

Gastric cancer (GC) is the sixth most common worldwide malignancy and the third leading cancer cause of death. Early diagnosis and effective after-surgical monitoring can significantly improve survival rates. Previous studies have revealed several serum biomarkers that are elevated in GC patients, including CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4. However, sensitivity of these biomarkers is below 30%. Identification of more sensitive and specific to GC markers is critical for individualized therapy of this disease. Here we developed an approach for single-cell transcriptomic data analysis that identifies secretory proteins that are abundantly expressed in GC cells and that could be measurable in the blood. Using early GC scRNA-seq data, we identified 19 secretory proteins significantly overexpressed in GC cells. Notably, 4 proteins (IL32, KLK10, KLK7, OLFM4) have demonstrated more superior sensitivity in comparison to conventional serum markers in previous studies. Moreover, 2 proteins, F12 and CFD, were not previously associated with GC and were not utilized for serum-based testing of other malignancies. Proposed approach has a high potential to be used for serum marker identification in other types of cancers and presented here data could be a source for the development of more sensitive and specific diagnostic panel for early gastric cancer detection and patient post-treatment monitoring.