cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Faculty patterns of publications and rewards

Given the great and growing emphasis on publications in the academic profession, it is not surprising that academicians have been doing research on patterns of publications and rewards. Economists, particularly, have been exploring the extent to which publications are rewarded [Johnson and Stafford, 1974, pp. 54669; J. H. Siegfried and K. J. White, 1973, pp. 30916; N. A. Tulles and Emanuel Meliehar, 1968, pp. 1-153; H. P. Tuckman and Jack Leahey, 1975, pp. 951-67]. They have, however, largely failed to explore the possible influence of the reward structure on the pattern of publications in various fields, perhaps because their studies have been largely confined to one or a few disciplines. Similarly they have failed to investigate empirical evidence on variations in rate of publications over an individual's lifetime, though it is often assumed that productivity diminishes over the years' [H. P. Tuckman and Jack Leahey, 1975, pp. 951-67]. The current study, therefore, addresses the following hypotheses. (1) To the extent that a particular type of publication is more highly rewarded in a field, scholars in that field will be more inclined to supply them. If, for instance, book reviews are relatively highly valued as compared to articles in the humanities and vice versa in the sciences, humanists would be expected to produce relatively more of the former and less of the latter than scientists. (2) Given evidence that monetary rewards for additional publications decrease as the number of publications increases, that any salary increase will accrue for fewer years with advancing age, and that there are no further comparable incentives in terms of rank and tenure once the full professorship has been achieved, individual scholarly productivity will decline over time. While the data used to test these hypotheses are based on a single institution, there is no reason to believe that the extent to which scholarly productivity is influenced by monetary rewards would be different in the larger academic community. On the contrary, the university investigated is a major research institution and as such is probably representative of institutions to which these questions could be expected to apply.
Improving resident access to the American College of Radiology's radiologic learning file.

Radiologists in many countries are developing electronic answers to problems that many of us share. In many cases, the radiology community is unaware of these efforts. This is the first of a series of Electronic.Resource.Site columns that will share some of these answers. Several years ago, David Channin, chief of Imaging Informatics at Northwestern University Medical School in Chicago, IlL recognized the need for easier access to the American College of Radiology's Radiologic Learning File. In this column, Levsky and Channin describe their solution. They provide specific information on one way to improve access to a radiology teaching file. Under Dr Channin's agreement with the college, the use of this system is limited to his institution. Readers interested in learning more about using this technology for their own teaching files can contact Dr Channin for more information.----A.S.B.
Spectroscopy of succinate dehydrogenases, a historical perspective

Abstract An attempt is made to retrace, from personal experience, the discovery of redox-reactive non-heme iron in living matter, which turned out to occur in the form of iron–sulfur (Fe–S) clusters, and then to recount the immediate application of this knowledge in exploring the composition of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and in the rather detailed description of the workings of its components and, for the purposes of the present volume, of succinate dehydrogenase. The relationship of these events to the general status of technology and the available methodology and instrumentation is considered in some detail, with the conclusion that there scarcely was a way that these discoveries could have been made earlier. It is then shown how methods, techniques and interpretations of results were developed and evolved during the applications that were made to a complex problem such as that of the composition, structure and functioning of succinate dehydrogenase. A tabulation of the most significant events – concerning specifically spectroscopy and its interpretations – in this development is given up to the year 2000.
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of the effect of Moxifloxacin on QTc prolongation in telemetered cynomolgus monkeys.

Abstract Introduction Delayed ventricular repolarisation is manifested electrocardiographically in a prolongation of the QT interval. Such prolongation can lead to potentially fatal Torsades de Pointes. Moxifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic which has been associated with QT prolongation and, as a result, is recommended by the regulatory authorities as a positive control in thorough QT studies performed to evaluate the potential of new chemical entities to induce QT prolongation in humans. The sensitivity of the cynomolgus monkey as a quantitative preclinical predictor of the PK–QT c relationship is discussed. Methods Cardiovascular monitoring was performed in the telemetered cynomolgus monkey for 22 h following oral administration of Moxifloxacin (10, 30 and 90 mg/kg) or placebo. QT c was derived using an individual animal correction factor (ICAF): RR-I = QT-I − (RR-550) ⁎ (IACF). A PKPD analysis was performed to quantify the increase in placebo-adjusted QT c elicited by administration of Moxifloxacin. In addition, the rate of onset of hERG channel blockade of Moxifloxacin was compared to Dofetilide by whole cell patch clamp technique in HEK-293 cells stably expressing the hERG channels. Results Moxifloxacin induced a dose dependent increase in QT c . A maximum increase of 28 ms was observed following administration of 90 mg/kg Moxifloxacin. The corresponding maximum free systemic exposure was 18 μM. Interrogation of the PK–QT c relationship indicated a direct relationship between the systemic exposure of Moxifloxacin and increased QT c . A linear PKPD model was found to describe this relationship whereby a 1.5 ms increase in QT c was observed for every 1 μM increase in free systemic exposure. Discussion The exposure dependent increases in QT c observed following oral administration of Moxifloxacin to the cynomolgus monkey are in close agreement with those previously reported in human subjects. A direct effect linear relationship was found to be conserved in both species. As a result of the quantitative agreement in both species, the utility of the telemetered cynomolgus monkey as a preclinical predictor of QT c prolongation is exemplified. Furthermore, the rate of onset of hERG channel blockade observed in patch clamp offers a mechanistic insight into the relative rates of channel blockade observed in vivo with both Moxifloxacin and Dofetilide.
Analysis of the RNA-recognition motif and RS and RGG domains: conservation in metazoan pre-mRNA splicing factors

Abstract We present a systematic analysis of sequence motifs found in metazoan protein factors involved in constitutive pre-mRNA splicing and in alternative splicing regulation. Using profile analysis we constructed a database enriched in protein sequences containing one or more presumptive copies of the RNA-recognition motif (RRM). We provide an accurate alignment of RRMs and structure-based criteria for identifying new RRMs, including many that lack the prototype RNP-1 submotif. We present a comprehensive table of 125 sequences containing 252 RRMs, including 22 previously unreported RRMs in 17 proteins. The presence of a putative RRM in these proteins, which are implicated in a variety of cellular processes, strongly suggests that their function involves binding to RNA. Unreported homologies in the RRM-enriched database to the metazoan SR family of splicing factors are described for an Arg-rich human nuclear protein and two yeast proteins (S. pombe mei2 and S. cerevisiae Npl3). We have rigorously tested the phylogenetic relationships of a large sample of RRMs. This analysis indicates that the RRM is an ancient conserved region (ACR) that has diversified by duplication of genes and intragenic domains. Statistical analyses and classification of repeated Arg-Ser (RS) and RGG domains in various protein splicing factors are presented.
Reduced splashing effect in laser ablated superconducting thin films formed from a melt-quenched nonsuperconducting amorphous target

Comparison of superconducting thin films of Bi–Sr–Ca–Cu–O deposited by laser ablation from a melt-quenched, amorphous, nonsuperconducting target and a polycrystalline sintered superconducting target shows that they have similar superconducting properties, but the melt-quenched target yields a much smoother film. Additionally, the melt-quenched target is much easier to prepare with target preparation time reduced by a factor of twenty-five.
Hydroclimatic Controls on the Means and Variability of Vegetation Phenology and Carbon Uptake

Long-term, global offline (land-only) simulations with a dynamic vegetation phenology model are used to examine the control of hydroclimate over vegetation-related quantities. First, with a control simulation, the model is shown to capture successfully (though with some bias) key observed relationships between hydroclimate and the spatial and temporal variations of phenological expression. In subsequent simulations, the model shows that: (i) the global spatial variation of seasonal phenological maxima is controlled mostly by hydroclimate, irrespective of distributions in vegetation type, (ii) the occurrence of high interannual moisture-related phenological variability in grassland areas is determined by hydroclimate rather than by the specific properties of grassland, and (iii) hydroclimatic means and variability have a corresponding impact on the spatial and temporal distributions of gross primary productivity (GPP).
Implementation and evaluation of electronic clinical decision support for compliance with pneumonia and heart failure quality indicators

Purpose. The ability of an automated system used to identify pneumonia and heart failure (HF) patients in real time and prompt clinical interventions was evaluated. Summary. An automated system evaluated all adult patients with an emergency department (ED) visit or hospital admission for possible pneumonia in real time for 31 days. Two quality-indicator alerts were sent to appropriate clinicians for possible interventions. The system evaluated all hospitalized adult patients for HF for 30 days. A list of possible HF patients printed every 12 hours and was used for possible interventions. Pneumonia and HF identification accuracy was assessed by comparison with discharge diagnosis. Compliance with quality indicators was assessed using three pneumonia and three HF indicators. The effect was measured by comparing compliance data and the number of monthly quality indicators in the top decile seven months before and after implementation. There were 3053 ED visits and 986 inpatient admissions during the pneumonia study. The system sensitivity for pneumonia ED identification was 89% and the specificity was 86%. The sensitivity for pneumonia admissions was 92% and the specificity was 90%. There were 1037 inpatient admissions during the HF study. The sensitivity for HF identification was 94% and the specificity was 90%. Sixty-seven percent of the six indicators studied increased the percentage of months in the top decile after implementation. The average increase was 26%. Conclusion. An automated system effectively identified pneumonia and HF patients in real time. The system prompted interventions, which helped increase compliance with national quality indicators.
Early indicators of disease in ferrets infected with a high dose of avian influenza H5N1.

Avian influenza viruses are widespread in birds, contagious in humans and are categorized as low pathogenicity avian influenza or highly pathogenic avian influenza. Ferrets are susceptible to infection with avian and human influenza A and B viruses and have been widely used as a model to study pathogenicity and vaccine efficacy. In this report, the natural history of the H5N1 influenza virus A/Vietnam/1203/04 influenza infection in ferrets was examined to determine clinical and laboratory parameters that may indicate (1) the onset of disease and (2) survival. In all, twenty of 24 animals infected with 7 × 105 TCID50 of A/Vietnam/1203/04 succumbed. A statistical analysis identified a combination of parameters including weight loss, nasal wash TCID50, eosinophils and liver enzymes such as alanine amino transferase that might possibly serve as indicators of both disease onset and challenge survival.
Design considerations for next-generation airborne tactical networks

Airborne tactical networks (ATNs) have provided protected air-to-air communications for military aircraft for several decades. To support emerging and future warfighter needs, the next generation of systems will require significant improvements to provide higher capacity, longer range, greater flexibility, and increased interoperability. Governed by domain characteristics such as long transmission ranges, low-to-medium data rates, latency constraints, and link protection needs, the air tactical domain poses several unique requirements on link and network design. Developing next-generation ATNs requires an understanding of the airborne tactical domain, including the design constraints and challenges at various layers of the network stack. In this article, we provide an overview of the unique domain characteristics of ATNs and highlight the key design challenges and research areas associated with the physical, link, and network layers.
A shifting approach to management of the thoracic aorta in bicuspid aortic valve

Objectives The scientific understanding of aortic dilation associated with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) has evolved during the past 2 decades, along with improvements in diagnostic technology and surgical management. We aimed to evaluate secular trends and predictors of thoracic aortic surgery among patients with BAV in the United States. Methods We used the 1998-2009 Nationwide Inpatient Sample, an administrative dataset representative of US hospital admissions, to identify hospitalizations for adults aged 18 years or more with BAV and aortic valve or thoracic aortic surgery. Covariates included age, gender, year, aortic dissection, endocarditis, thoracic aortic aneurysm, number of comorbidities, hospital teaching status and region, primary insurance, and concomitant coronary artery bypass surgery. Results Between 1998 and 2009, 48,736 ± 3555 patients with BAV underwent aortic valve repair or replacement and 1679 ± 120 patients with BAV underwent isolated thoracic aortic surgery. The overall number of surgeries increased more than 3-fold, from 4556 ± 571 in 1998/1999 to 14,960 ± 2107 in 2008/2009 ( P P = .03). Total charges for BAV surgical hospitalizations increased more than 7.5-fold from approximately $156 million in 1998 to $1.2 billion in 2009 (inflation-adjusted 2009 dollars). Conclusions There was a marked increase in the use of thoracic aortic surgery among patients with BAV.
CMOS transceivers for the 60-GHz band

This paper gives an overview of millimeter-wave CMOS transceiver design and presents several critical building blocks operating around 60 GHz. A direct-conversion receiver front end employing LNA and mixer topologies is described that exploits resonance by means of folded microstrips. Also, a direct-conversion transmitter incorporating an on-chip dipole antenna is introduced that paves the way for beamforming and MIMO systems. Finally, a phase-locked frequency divider is described that, unlike its injection-locked counterparts, maintains a constant phase noise across the input frequency range. The circuits have been fabricated in standard 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. Experimental results for each prototype are presented.
Religion, the Forbidden, and Sublimation

Sublimation is a process whereby forbidden thoughts and emotions are channeled into productive and often creative ends. Recent experiments and surveys have provided evidence for sublimation and have also suggested variation, such that Protestants (compared with Catholics and Jews) were more likely to minimize troublesome affect and displace it into creative work. Emotion per se did not induce sublimation among Protestants; rather, it was the forbidden or suppressed nature of the emotion that was important. Attending to the religious and cultural dimensions of thought and to dual-process theories of the mind can help us understand responses to the human predicament of encountering the forbidden.
High performance atomic force microscope based on air-spaced piezoresistive cantilevers

This paper reports the study of the air-spaced piezoresistive cantilever for atomic force microscopy (AFM). The cantilever is composed of a bottom mechanical layer and a top piezoresistive layer separated by a gap. Analytical models for the mechanical properties of the air-spaced cantilever are established. To evaluate the performance of AFM, the minimum detectable force gradient is expressed as the product of force and displacement signal-to-noise ratios. For the air-spaced cantilever, this product is improved by orders of magnitude compared with the conventional piezoresistive cantilever of similar length and spring constant. This paper also discusses the advantage of the air-spaced cantilever from the energy point of view. The overall energy conversion efficiency of air-spaced cantilever reaches over 90% by allowing the majority of the mechanical energy to be used to strain the piezoresistors. A specific comparison of air-spaced cantilever and the conventional piezoresistive cantilever with the same spring constant of 1000N/m and same length is presented to illustrate the advantage of the new structure.
When a trap is not a trap: converging entry and exit rates and their effect on trap saturation of black sea bass (Centropristis striata)

Catch rates are often used to index the abundance of marine organisms, but catch saturation (i.e. declining catch rate as fishing time increases) can decouple catch and abundance. Researchers have struggled to account for saturation when using trap catch to infer population dynamics. We used the underwater video to document entries and exits of black sea bass (Centropristis striata) from chevron traps (n 1⁄4 26) to quantify catch saturation. Black sea bass catch varied between 3 and 188 individuals for soak times of 90 min. Overall, 3564 black sea bass entered the traps and1826 exited; therefore, over half (51%) of black sea bass entering traps exitedbefore trapswere retrieved. Black sea bass catch rateswerenon-linear and asymptotic formost (81%) trap samples, despite short soak times.Moreover, catch saturation occurred at 50 min, when the entry rate declined and the exit rate increased to a pointwhere their confidence intervals overlapped. Several lines of evidence suggest that the level of black sea bass catch once saturation occurred may be positively related to true abundance, but additional research is needed to more fully test this hypothesis.
Generation of platelet progeny

Platelets are derived from the cytoplasm of bone marrow megakaryocytes through a process referred to as proplatelet formation. Recent studies demonstrate that circulating anucleate mouse and human platelets retain the capacity to form bulbar extensions, which resemble megakaryocyte-derived proplatelets. Newly-formed platelets display typical morphology, possess classic platelet constituents, and functional normally. Here we review what is currently known about the formation of platelet progeny.
The pattern of ischemic heart disease 1931–1980

The rise in ischemic heart disease in the U.S. after 1920 has been described in the literature both as a 20th century epidemic and as an artifact of the decline of competing causes of death, particularly the infectious, parasitic and diarrheal diseases. Shifting medical terminology and occasional major revisions in cause of death codes have aggravated efforts to resolve the debate. Through regression analysis and ordinary and cause-deleted life tables we trace the course of the disease. The accumulated evidence points to a major epidemic but one largely confined to males. Reversals in patterns are now beginning.
Microclimate in the soybean canopy

Abstract Features of microclimate within different types of soybean canopies were investigated in detail during the growing seasons of 1979 and 1980 at Mead, Nebraska. In 1979, measurements were made in Clark cv. soybeans that were well supplied with water. The canopy of this cultivar is planophile in nature. In 1980, measurements were made in two erectophile canopies of the Harosoy cultivar. These canopies differed isogenically in leaf pubescence and were water-stressed during the period of observation. In both the Clark and Harosoy cultivars, net radiation was attenuated exponentially with depth into the canopy. Net radiation was more effectively attenuated by the planophile cultivar. In the Harosoy soybeans, greater leaf pubescence, facilitated the penetration of net radiation into the canopy. Air temperature profiles were affected by water-stress, leaf orientation and leaf pubescence. Within the well-watered, planophile canopy, air temperature increased with depth to a maximum in mid-canopy. Temperature decreased with further depth into the lower canopy. Within the water-stressed, erectophile canopies, the air temperature profile was either lapse or isothermal. Air temperatures were higher in the canopy with dense leaf pubescence, an effect related to the influence of leaf pubescence on the penetration of net radiation. Vapor pressure profiles were generally lapse throughout the day with a strong gradient in the upper canopy and a weak gradient in the lower canopy. The influence of leaf orientation, pubescene and water-stress on vapor pressure profiles were not discernable. CO2 concentration [CO2] decreased with depth to a minimum at height zc. Below that height [CO2] increased with depth. The elevation within the canopy of minimum CO2 concentration, zc, was influenced by leaf pubescence and leaf orientation since these affect penetration of radiation into the canopy. Crop moisture status affected the strength of the [CO2] gradient by influencing photosynthesis.
A.S.P.E.N. clinical guidelines: nutrition support of children with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

The clinical characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in children differ substantially from those in adults, and these differences are important to consider in providing both medical and nutrition care. Growth failure, wasting, and loss of active lean tissue are all associated with increased mortality and accelerated disease progression. The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved the prognosis and life span of children infected with HIV (HIV+) and has reduced rates of wasting. However, the emergence of HIV-associated lipodystrophy (HIVLD) has emphasized the extensive nutrition and metabolic manifestations of HIV infection. Maintaining the nutrition status of the HIV+ child is therefore crucial for optimal health outcomes.
Trends in Nurse Practitioner and Physician Assistant Practice in Nursing Homes, 2000-2010

Objective To examine nurse practitioner (NP) and physician assistant (PA) practice in nursing homes (NHs) during 2000–2010. Data Sources Data were derived from the Online Survey Certification and Reporting system and Medicare Part B claims (20 percent sample). Methods NP/PA state average employment, visit per bed year (VPBY), and providers per NH were examined. State fixed-effect models examined the association between state regulations and NP/PA use. Principal Findings NHs using any NPs/PAs increased from 20.4 to 35.0 percent during 2000–2010. Average NP/PA VPBY increased from 1.0/0.3 to 3.0/0.6 during 2000–2010. Average number of NPs/PAs per NH increased from 0.2/0.09 to 0.5/0.14 during 2000–2010. The impact of state scope-of-practice regulations was mixed. Conclusions NP and PA scope-of-practice regulations impact their practice in NHs, not always as intended.
Understanding the Relation Between Attitude Involvement and Response Latitude Using Item Response Theory

Adapting the original latitude of acceptance concept to Likert-type surveys, response latitudes are defined as the range of graded response options a person is willing to endorse. Response latitudes were expected to relate to attitude involvement such that high involvement was linked to narrow latitudes (the result of selective, careful responding) and low involvement was linked to wide latitudes (the result of disinterested, careless responding). In an innovative application of item response theory, parameters from Samejima’s graded response model were used to examine response latitude width. Other item response theory–based tools (e.g., test characteristic curves, information functions) were used to examine the influence of response latitudes on the psychometric functioning of several attitude surveys. A mix of experimental and nonexperimental methods was employed to create groups of high and low involvement surveys. Comparisons of these surveys showed that high involvement was related to significantly ...
Joint stochastic inversion of pre-stack seismic data and well logs for high-resolution reservoir delineation and improved production forecast

Integrated reservoir characterization makes use of different varieties of data to construct detailed spatial distributions of petrophysical and fluid parameters. The benefit of data integration is the generation of consistent and accurate reservoir models that can be used for reservoir optimization, surveillance, and management. This paper describes a novel strategy for the static and dynamic characterization of hydrocarbon reservoirs based on the extensive use of 3D pre-stack seismic data, wireline logs, core data, geological information, and time records of fluid production measurements. A stochastic simulation procedure is used to extrapolate petrophysical variables laterally away from wells subject to honoring the existing 3D pre-stack seismic data. This procedure yields highresolution estimates of inter-well petrophysical parameters (and of bulk density, compressional-, and shear-wave velocities as a by-product) associated with pre-stack seismic data. A numerical study in two dimensions is performed to evaluate the estimation algorithm applied to pre-stack seismic data, as well as to assess different strategies for the direct estimation of petrophysical properties related to elastic parameters. The same numerical study is used to quantify consistency of the estimated reservoir parameters with the time record of fluid production measurements. The inversion algorithm is CPU intensive and is based on a global optimization technique. Examples of applications show that the inversion algorithm lends itself to accurate estimation of petrophysical properties, such as porosity, that honor both the pre-stack seismic data and the well logs. Depending on the number of wells and the distance between them, the inversion algorithm can produce estimates of inter-well petrophysical properties with a resolution midway between that of seismic data and well logs. Models generated with this inversion scheme yield highly accurate predictions of reservoir dynamic behavior when compared to predictions performed with standard geostatistical techniques.
TFIIIC Binding Sites Function as Both Heterochromatin Barriers and Chromatin Insulators in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Chromosomal sites of RNA polymerase III (Pol III) transcription have been demonstrated to have “extratranscriptional” functions, as the assembled Pol III complex can act as chromatin boundaries or pause sites for replication forks, can alter nucleosome positioning or affect transcription of neighboring genes, and can play a role in sister chromatid cohesion. Several studies have demonstrated that assembled Pol III complexes block the propagation of heterochromatin-mediated gene repression. Here we show that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae tRNA genes (tDNAs) and even partially assembled Pol III complexes containing only the transcription factor TFIIIC can exhibit chromatin boundary functions both as heterochromatin barriers and as insulators to gene activation. Both the TRT2 tDNA and the ETC4 site which binds only the TFIIIC complex prevented an upstream activation sequence from activating the GAL promoters in our assay system, effectively acting as chromatin insulators. Additionally, when placed downstream from the heterochromatic HMR locus, ETC4 blocked the ectopic spread of Sir protein-mediated silencing, thus functioning as a barrier to repression. Finally, we show that TRT2 and the ETC6 site upstream of TFC6 in their natural contexts display potential insulator-like functions, and ETC6 may represent a novel case of a Pol III factor directly regulating a Pol II promoter. The results are discussed in the context of how the TFIIIC transcription factor complex may function to demarcate chromosomal domains in yeast and possibly in other eukaryotes.
Constraints to Outdoor Recreation: A Multiple Hierarchy Stratification Perspective

A multiple hierarchy stratification perspective was adopted to investigate outdoor recreation constraints for 3,000 Texans interviewed by telephone in 1998. This theoretical perspective contends that individuals' socio-demographic characteristics are accorded a position in society relative to others and that this position effects the individual's access to services. Logistic regression models tested whether nine outdoor recreation constraints were important to respondents based on age, gender, race/ethnicity and SES. With the exception of time constraints, all other outdoor recreation constraints were most important to elderly, female or minority respondents with lower SES. The probability of experiencing constraints to outdoor recreation is multiplied when respondents had more than one of these statuses. Implications for theory development, outdoor recreation, and service provision are discussed.
TwitAg: a multi-agent feature selection and recommendation framework for twitter

With increasing number of users using social networking, there has been a considerable increase in user-generated content. Social networking is often used to connect with others, but in some domains such as microblogging social networking is primarily used to find interesting content. With the diversity of information sources available in microblogs, it becomes difficult for users to find interesting information sources. Recommendation engines have been developed to mitigate the problem of interesting content location in many domains, however recommendation engine research within the domain of microblogs has not been significantly explored. A key characteristic for any recommendation system is the ability to accurately classify users. Within the field of classification research feature selection is a widely used technique for improving classification accuracy. We demonstrate Unique Feature Selection (UFS), an agent based feature selection mechanism which parallelizes feature selection within the microblogging site Twitter. We show the effectiveness of UFS in both minimizing the feature space and improving classification results.
USE OF BLUE LAKE AS AN INDICATOR OF BACTERIAL PENETRATION INTO EGGS

Blue Lake, an insoluble dye, was evaluated as an indicator of potential bacterial penetration into eggs. Various groups of eggs (fresh-laid; commercial; water-washed) were dipped in 0.25% (w/v) Blue Lake in 0.1% Triton X-100 solution for 2 min and incubated at room temperature up to 1 ± 24 h. Penetration was detected by counting the blue dots on shell membranes after breaking the eggs. Commercial eggs allowed the easiest penetration. All commercial eggs showed blue dots even at 2 min incubation and the average count reached 111/egg at 1 h. Water-washed eggs allowed much less penetration than commercial eggs and the counts of blue dots on those eggs were 10/egg at 2 min and 22 at 1 h. Fresh-laid eggs did not allow any penetration up to 24 h. Above results corresponded very well with the penetration study with Salmonella enteritidis and also with the morphological study of eggshell surfaces using electron microscopy where fresh-laid eggs had intact cuticle layers, but commercial eggs did not. Thus, Blue Lake dye might be used as a rapid indicator of bacterial penetration through eggshells.
Humor and ad memorability: On the contributions of humor expectancy, relevancy, and need for humor

Humor is often used in advertising to make messages more entertaining and memorable. There are circumstances, however, under which humor can impede the acquisition of information from ads. This study explores these circumstances by examining how the interplay of humor expectancy, humor relevancy, and individuals' need for humor influences message claims recall. Results of experimentation show that recall is damaged when humor is expected—especially when expected humor is conceptually related to the message. Additionally, the deleterious impact of humor expectancy on recall is more pronounced among individuals characterized by low need for humor. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Design And Application Of Individuals And Moving Range Control Charts

We evaluate the design of individuals and moving range charts through extensive simulations. Via a SAS program using 8000 replications, average run length is assessed for several shifts in process mean and variation. From these computations recommendations are made concerning when to use the individuals chart only, when to use a combined individuals and moving range chart, and the optimal design parameters when the combined approach is used. The paper includes discussion, recommendations, and examples concerning the monitoring of accounting data.
Life and Death in the Racial State: Collateral Consequences and the Execution of Troy Davis.

The execution of Troy Anthony Davis on 21 September 2011 highlights the intertwining of race and inequality in the US justice system, exposing the deeply privileged nature of this system and its white supremacist foundations. More specifically, for those groups that are caught up in its apparatuses, those that have been constructed as outside of its bounds and are the focus of its repressive tendencies, the execution of Troy Davis is a moment to begin understanding the processes that render justice in the United States unresponsive and unhinged from the workings of the public it purports to protect. Using the execution of Troy Davis as a starting point we explore his execution and illuminate the inhumanity of the US system of justice and ultimately show how capital punishment is co-constitutive with capital relations and the law. Specifically we build upon the idea of "collateral consequences" to argue that once racialization processes become established, racialization becomes a self-perpetuating system.
Speed Marvel and Friends

Carl Shipp Marvel (1894-1988) took the mantle left by Wallace Carothers . It is not surprising that he also came from the University of Illinois. The towering figure at Illinois in this period was Roger Adams (1889-1971). He was Department Head from 1916-1954. Adams was from a famous New England family and attended Harvard University.
Chronobiologic Optimization of Aging

The physical, mental and economic health of older people and the role of geriatric medicine have been examined by psychiatrists and biologists as well as lawyers and social ecologists — all searching for a new approach to an old problem. When in October 1975, the journal Bioscience took a “new look at aging”, the editor recognized the importance of sociological and physiological aspects eminently chronobiologic yet indicated that such were “another story for another time.” Thereafter, an authoritative panel provided articles introduced by Moment’s (1975) scholarly and delightful reference to the Ponce de Leon trail toward a Fountain of Youth.
Performance and emissions characteristics of a spark ignition engine fueled with dissociated and steam-reformed methanol

Performances et emissions polluantes d'un moteur a allumage par etincelle utilisant comme carburant du methanol dissocie ou reforme a la vapeur
Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms and Marital Relationship Functioning: The Mediating Role of Demand–Withdraw Communication Processes

Marital outcomes are associated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms; however, the processes by which these domains are associated with marital outcomes are not well understood. This study examined how demand-withdraw (DW) couple communication accounts for the association between symptoms of mental illness and marital distress. A mediational model was tested in a sample of 100 newlywed couples to determine: (a) whether internalizing and externalizing symptoms influenced own and partner's level of DW communication, and (b) whether this communication pattern was associated with relationship outcomes, including lower marital satisfaction and presence of conflict. Results suggested that DW communication had significant effects on both partner's marital outcomes and mediated the association between externalizing symptoms (for husbands) and marital distress.
Spectroscopy of Nd:KYF4

A single crystal of Nd:KYF4 is grown by top- seeded solution growth. Absorption and fluorescence spectra reveal multiple Nd sites in the material.
MEMS Tornado to Challenge Next Generation Packaging

In the last decade multiple MEMS devices entered Tornado (avalanche sales growth), adopting along the way the IC packaging technologies with a “twist”. Consumer applications for MEMS devices exploded, with sensor shipments increasing from 10M units in 2007 to over 2B units in 2011. This explosion resulted from Steve Jobs vision converting a cell phone into a powerful computer. Computing power enabled creative user interfaces, such as touch sensitive screens and auto landscape-portrait rotation, opening a Tornado for MEMS. As more complex MEMS devices are finding its way to cell phones, they will be creating packaging challenges. An emergence of even a bigger forthcoming Tornado is surfacing. History shows that all major technologies coming to market enabled advancement of world-changing productivity and balance of power. At a recent conference, a VP of Maxim Integrated Products stated that we have entered the 3rd technical revolution which will free humans for creative work through a fusion of computing, ...
Optical Studies of Oxidative Stress in Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension Cells

This study investigates the effect of hypertension on mitochondrial superoxide production using time lapse microscopy.
The Genus Sebacina

The genus Sebacina was established by L. R. and C. Tulasne (Jour. Linn. Soc. Bot. 13: 36. 1871) to accommodate two species, Corticium incrustans Pers. and C. caesium Pers. The next year the Tulasne's paper was printed in French (Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. V. 15: 215-235. 1872) and the illustrations added. The first species, Sebacina incrustans (Pers. ex Fries) Tulasne, is a well-known and widely distributed spe? cies exhibiting great variation, which has led students to apply additional names to it (see Martin, Univ. Iowa Stud. Nat. Hist. 19(3) : 53. 1952). Clements and Shear (Gen. Fungi 342. 1931) cite Sebacina laciniata [Bull.] Bres. as the type of the genus. It is true that the Tulasnes cited Clavaria laciniata Pers. as a synonym, but there can be no doubt that the species the authors had in mind in describing the new genus was what they had previously referred to Corticium incrustans. Cor? ticium caesium is less fully described, appears to be much less common and its identity is by no means so firmly established. Bourdot and Galzin (Hymen. Fr. 41. 1928) cite Sebacina caesia (Pers.) Tul. as a subspecies, following 5". laciniata (i.e., S. incrustans) ; the spore size as given and the notation that clamp-collections are lacking tend to support this disposition. The Tulasnes had never, of course, heard of the com? bination S. laciniata. It seems clear that the type of Sebacina must be Corticium incrustans Pers., as indicated by Burt (Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 2: 749. 1915). The genus has been widely accepted, but the generic limitations have varied very greatly. Although certain phases of Sebacina incrustans bear free lobes, and thus approach in this respect, as in the nature of the hyphae and basidia, the species of Tremellodendron, the species is usually resupinate, and the tendency has been to include in Sebacina all resupinate fungi with cruciate-septate basidia and with a waxy or gelatinous texture. Patouil? lard (Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 8: 120. 1892) established the genus Heterochaete for Sebacina-like fungi with spine-like clusters of sterile hyphae
Control of a Bacterial Contaminant of Boll Weevil Diet

Laboratories involved in rearing insects are continually faced with the problem of keeping insect colonies free of disease and rearing media free of microbial contamination. To aid in alleviation of these problems, aseptic techniques are used and antimicrobial agents are added to the diets. However, antimicrobial agents are expensive, particularly for large rearing operations, and high concentrations generally have a detrimental effect on the viability of the insects. In our laboratory, loss of boll weevils, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, from microbial contamination of the diet has been a regular occurrence (1–20% of larval cultures). Attempts to prevent contamination have included: sterilizing the diet, incorporating the antibiotic tetracycline (Polyotic®, 0.2% final diet concentration), spraying the surface of the diet with a 6% solution of formaldehyde, and partially desiccating the diet after implantation of the eggs. However, these preventive measures have been ineffective in controlling a slime-producing contaminant which is evidently widespread in many types of insect cultures. The purpose of this research was to identify the contaminant and to determine a means of controlling it with minimal amounts of antimicrobial additives.
Noise from Boundary Layer Flow over Fabric Covered Perforate Panels

Aeroacoustic wind tunnels often employ fabric coverings to reduce instrumentation selfnoise or to improve the background noise of a facility by containing the flow. To investigate the impact of these fabric coverings, acoustic spectra were measured from open and fabric covered 3.2 mm diameter perforate panels. Noise from the perforate panels was reduced at lower frequencies by the fabric coverings, but additional high frequency noise was introduced. The acoustic spectra from the fabric covered surfaces had two maxima which scaled differently with velocity. The low frequency maximum was attributed to the perforate geometry and scaled with the sixth power of velocity. The high frequency maximum is speculated to be a result of the fabric covering and scales with the eleventh power of velocity. The addition of the coverings also affected the streamwise directivity of the noise. The open perforate geometry radiated noise symmetrically upstream and downstream about a minimum produced directly above the center of the perforate sample. The fabric covered surfaces produced a different streamwise spectral directivity pattern which was projected upstream and decreased monotonically with downstream receiving angle. The noise produced by a fabric surface with a solid backing was reduced by more than 20dB compared to spectra with an open perforate backing indicating that the noise produced by the fabric may be a complex function of porosity, elasticity, and/or a coupling with the underlying geometry.
Isolation and culture of neonatal mouse calvarial osteoblasts

This chapter describes the isolation and culture of neonatal mouse calvarial osteoblasts. This primary cell population is obtained by sequential enzymatic digestion of the calvarial bone matrix and is capable of differentiating in vitro into mature osteoblasts that deposit a collagen extracellular matrix and form mineralized bone nodules. Maturation of the cultures can be monitored by gene expression analyses and staining for the presence of alkaline phosphatase or matrix mineralization. This culture system, therefore, provides a powerful model in which to test how various experimental conditions, such as the manipulation of gene expression, may affect osteoblast maturation and/or function.
Thyroid function in human pregnancy. VII. Development and retardation of 4-year-old progeny of euthyroid and of hypothyroxinemic women.

Abstract A high incidence of mental retardation occurs in severe endemic goiter areas, but investigations have failed to relate development and retardation of children to maternal gestational hypothyroidism. In Providence, Rhode Island, at age 4 years, 17 children born to hypothyroxinemic women taking adequate thyroid replacement therapy during pregnancy and 27 born to hypothyroxinemic women receiving inadequate thyroid therapy were compared in development with 192 children born to euthyroid women. On the Revised Stanford-Binet (1960) intelligence test in fine motor tests and in speech, children born to euthyroid women aged 15 to 17 and 35 to 43 years scored lower than progeny of 24-year-old women; children of hypothyroxinemic women taking inadequate thyroid replacement therapy scored lower than progeny of euthyroid or hypothyroxinemic women taking adequate thyroid therapy. Thyroid replacement therapy for hypothyroxinemic pregnant women may be significant in mental and fine motor development of progeny.
Value Creation Thinking: Life-Cycle Reviews (Presentation Slides)

Life-Cycle Reviews would improve management/board capital expenditure decisions and fundamentally upgrade investor communications. The key is a reality-based analysis of the firm's major business units grounded in the life-cycle framework. The focus is on why business-unit reinvestment should create value in the future. This PowerPoint presentation expands upon the ideas presented in my book, Value Creation Thinking. The book website, Value Creation Thinking dot com, contains a % Future scorecard for 1,000 U.S. industrial firms, updated quarterly. The % Future metric uses an estimate of the wind-down value of the firm's existing assets in order to derive the implied value of the firm's future investments, expressed as a percent of the total firm value. As part of a Life-Cycle Review, the % Future metric helps pinpoint, based on current stock prices, the market's assessment of the firm's position on the life cycle.
Structural basis for LIN54 recognition of CHR elements in cell cycle-regulated promoters

The MuvB complex recruits transcription factors to activate or repress genes with cell cycle-dependent expression patterns. MuvB contains the DNA-binding protein LIN54, which directs the complex to promoter cell cycle genes homology region (CHR) elements. Here we characterize the DNA-binding properties of LIN54 and describe the structural basis for recognition of a CHR sequence. We biochemically define the CHR consensus as TTYRAA and determine that two tandem cysteine rich regions are required for high-affinity DNA association. A crystal structure of the LIN54 DNA-binding domain in complex with a CHR sequence reveals that sequence specificity is conferred by two tyrosine residues, which insert into the minor groove of the DNA duplex. We demonstrate that this unique tyrosine-mediated DNA binding is necessary for MuvB recruitment to target promoters. Our results suggest a model in which MuvB binds near transcription start sites and plays a role in positioning downstream nucleosomes.