cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Impact of Numbers and Frequency of Weighings on Bovine Weight-Age Curve Parameters

Estimates of mature weight (A) and maturing rate (K), determined by asymptotic regression, were studied to evaluate the effects of using quarterly weights taken in different seasons of the year for estimating growth curve parameters. Quarterly weights of 102 Angus cows were used to calculate eight sets of weight-age curves. Four sets of estimates were calculated from weights from birth to 5 yr of age (FIVE-YEAR curves) and four sets were calculated from all weights collected throughout the life of each cow (LIFETIME curves). Within each age group, one set of parameters was estimated from all weights up to the respective ages (FIVE-YEAR and LIFETIME). The other three sets, within each age, were based on quarterly weights from birth to 1 yr of age plus one weight/year taken during the summer, fall or winter. The symbols A and K were used with the following subscripts: 0 or 5 as a first digit to represent weight-age parameters estimated from all weights taken during the life of the cow and from weights taken before the cow was 5 yr old, respectively; and 0, 2, 3, or 4 as a second digit to represent all quarterly weight, summer, fall or winter weights, respectively. Mean estimates of mature weight were 496, 492, 492, 522, 483, 478, 487 and 508 kg for A00, A02, A03, A04, A50, A52, A53, and A54, respectively. Season of weighing affected both A and K. Coefficients of correlation among the estimates of mature weights were all positive and larger than .70. Coefficients of correlation among estimates of rate of maturing were larger than .50, except those involving the correlation of K00 and FIVE-YEAR estimates. This study indicates that weight-age characteristics estimated from quarterly weights from birth to 1 yr of age and a single annual weight from 1 to 5 yr are adequate for estimating practical weight-age parameters at an early cow age. However, in FIVE-YEAR estimates, the effect of a cow's being nonpregnant at 2, 3 or 5 yr of age and, in LIFETIME estimates, any open year, especially the terminal year, may result in serious bias.
Multidimensional and Comprehensive Gas Chromatography

The basic principles, instrumentation, and applications of two-dimensional gas chromatography (2D GC) are examined. 2D GC is performed with a pair of standard GC columns and a special interface. Samples are initially injected into the primary column. The interface controls component transfer from the primary to the secondary column. Components are detected as they exit the secondary column. Three basic forms of 2D GC have been developed. Backflushing 2-D GC separates an entire class of analyte components from the sample matrix. A precisely timed change in the primary column flow direction removes matrix components that would otherwise coelute with the analytes. Heartcutting 2D GC isolates a few selected components from a complex mixture by only allowing primary column effluent containing analytes to reach the secondary column. Comprehensive 2D GC (GC × GC) couples a standard GC separation on the primary column with a series of high-speed separations on the secondary column. GC × GC can be used for the isolation of targeted analytes, class separations, and the comprehensive analysis of sample composition.
Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient Iteration Applied to Galerkin Methods for a Mildly Nonlinear Dirichlet Problem

Abstract A conjugate gradient iteration procedure based on the use of a “fast Poisson solver” as a preconditioner is applied to solve the nonlinear algebraic equations arising from a Galerkin method for approximating the solution of a mildly nonlinear Dirichlet problem.
Transitions, Bifurcations and Precursors

What do a gas pressure tank carried on a rocket, a seismic fault and a busy market have in common? Recent research suggests that they can all be described as self-organising systems which develop similar patterns over many scales, from the very small to the very large. And all three have the potential for extreme behaviour: rupture, quake or crash.
Specific Heat of Helium Confined to Cylinders Near the Lambda Point

We report measurements of the specific heat of helium-4 confined to very uniform 8-micron diameter cylinders and to 0.26-micron diameter Anopore cylinders in the temperature region near the lambda point. The data allow improved tests of the emerging theory of finite size phenomena and cross-over to lower dimensional states. We find generally good agreement with scaling using exponents derived by renormalization methods. We also find reasonable agreement with more detailed numerical calculations of cross-over behavior with explicit inclusion of boundary conditions. However, in the region near the peak, the 8-micron data do not scale well relative to Anopore. We also compare the results with previous work on 1-dimensional systems.
Control and integration of diverse knowledge in a diagnostic expert system

Though current expert system technology has become a major success, existing expert systems often fall short of human expertise In many ways. One Important area is in the use of more basic, deep knowledge as an enhancement to the shallow, surface knowledge commonly employed. The Integrated Diagnostic Model attempts to exploit the use of both types of knowledge by fitting the appropriate knowledge representation and utilization techniques to each. The result is two separate and Independent expert systems which are then integrated and controlled by a higher-level module called the executor.
Attribute Identities Matter: Subjective Perceptions of Attribute Characteristics

Recent research indicates that attributes vary along multiple dimensions with implications for how trade-offs are resolved during choice. We present an exploratory study of the dimensionality underlying naive subjects' ratings of attributes on the characteristics commonly discussed in the literature on tradeoff resolution and decision difficulty. Factor analysis of attribute characteristic assessments indicates that subjects view decision attributes in a multi-dimensional fashion, including an importance/loss aversion dimension, an emotional potential/protection from tradeoffs dimension, and a cognitive difficulty dimension. These results suggest that a one-dimensional measure of attribute characteristics, such as a standard attribute importance rating, may obscure some factors determining individual responses to attributes during decision processing. However, the results also suggest that developing a relatively succinct set of scales in order to characterize the dimensions along with subjects response to attributes is a viable goal for future research.
Current Practices in Early Intervention for Children with Autism

Over the last 20 years, there has been a veritable explosion in the growth of early intervention programs for young children with handicaps. Starting from a few demonstration programs in the 1960s, to more systematic work in the 1970s, to more data-based replications and encouraging outcomes in the 1980s, we have witnessed a steady increase in the quality and the documented effectiveness of many such programs. This trend has been paralleled by a proliferation of edited books (e.g., Bickman & Weatherford, 1986; Guralnick & Bennett, 1987; Odom & Karnes, 1988), special issues of journals (e.g., Dunst, McWilliam, & Trivette, 1985; Fewell, 1985), and a myriad of reviews on the overall “effectiveness of early intervention” (e.g., Bricker, Bailey, & Bruder, 1984; Bryant & Ramey, 1987; Casto & Mastropieri, 1986; Dunst & Rheingrover, 1981; Farran, 1990; Ferry, 1981; Simeonsson, Cooper, & Schiener, 1982). Reviews have discussed issues pertaining to the efficacy of early services for children across the diagnostic spectrum, including those with general cognitive delays (Guralnick & Bricker, 1987), Down syndrome (Gibson & Fields, 1984), hearing impairments (Meadow-Orlans, 1987), organic handicaps (Dunst & Rheingrover, 1981), children at risk for developing handicaps (White & Casto, 1984), as well as those with autism (Simeonsson, Olley, & Rosenthal, 1987).
The Politics of Institutional Reform: Katrina, Education, and the Second Face of Power

In this ground breaking analysis, Terry M. Moe treats Hurricane Katrina as a natural experiment that offers a rare opportunity to learn about the role of power in the politics of institutional reform. When Katrina hit, it physically destroyed New Orleans' school buildings, but it also destroyed the vested-interest power that had protected the city's abysmal education system from major reform. With the constraints of power lifted, decision makers who had been incremental problem-solvers turned into revolutionaries, creating the most innovative school system in the entire country. The story of New Orleans' path from failure to revolution is fascinating, but, more importantly, it reveals the true role of power, whose full effects normally cannot be observed, because power has a 'second face' that is hidden and unobservable. Making use of Katrina's analytic leverage, Moe pulls back the curtain to show that this “second face” has profound consequences that stifle and undermine society's efforts to fix failing institutions.
Seasonal reproduction in the mongoose, Herpestes auropunctatus: II. Testicular responsiveness to luteinizing hormone

The male mongoose is a seasonal breeder and displays a distinct seasonal pattern in serum androgen levels. In this series of experiments testicular responsiveness to luteinizing hormone (LH) was evaluated during the breeding (active) and inactive seasons. The responsiveness of testes to LH was assessed by measuring [125I]hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) binding to dispersed interstitial cells and by measuring in vitro LH-stimulated androgen release by dispersed interstitial cells. The binding data indicated that there was a significantly greater concentration of LHhCG binding sites/Leydig cell during the active season than during the inactive season. In contrast, dispersed interstitial cells prepared from animals trapped during the active and inactive seasons were equally responsive to small doses (“physiological”) of ovine LH (oLH); however, higher doses of oLH produced a significant depression in the interstitial cell output of androgen during the inactive season but not during the active season. These results indicate that there are seasonal differences in the responses of the testis to LH. Whether the seasonal pattern of serum androgen levels in the male mongoose is directed by seasonal changes in serum gonadotropin levels or changes in testicular responsiveness to LH is discussed.
Induced two-body scattering resonances from a square-well potential with oscillating depth

In systems of ultracold atoms, pairwise interactions can be resonantly enhanced by a new mechanism which does not rely upon a magnetic Feshbach resonance. In this mechanism, interactions are controlled by tuning the frequency of an oscillating parallel component of the magnetic field close to the Bohr frequency for the transition to a two-atom bound state. The real part of the s-wave scattering length a has a resonance as a function of the oscillation frequency near the Bohr frequency. The resonance parameters can be controlled by varying the amplitude of the oscillating field. The amplitude also controls the imaginary part of a which arises predominantly because the oscillating field converts atom pairs into molecules. For the case of a shallow bound state in the scattering channel, the dimensionless resonance parameters are universal functions of the dimensionless oscillation amplitude.
Paediatric surgery in Cambodia

In 1979 at the end of the rule of the Pol Pot regime there were fewer than 50 doctors in Cambodia as all health centers and hospitals had been destroyed or emptied in 1975. By 1991 there were 705 doctors and each of the 19 provinces had hospital facilities but many lacked running water and adequate waste disposal. In 1992 only 20% of the rural population had access to reliable and safe drinking water. Only 37% of 1-year old children are vaccinated and poliomyelitis is responsible for 32000 disabled children under 18 years of age. 74% of homes have no toilets and only 8% have electricity. There are no certified pediatric surgeons in the country although surgeons are learning the techniques to treat children. Many conditions requiring surgery in children are underdiagnosed e.g. intra-abdominal surgical conditions may be attributed to gastroenteritis. Undescended testes and abdominal and renal abnormalities are rarely detected in Cambodian children. Most pediatric work is conducted in two pediatric and two general hospitals in Phnom Penh although children are also treated in peripheral hospitals. The major hospitals have ultrasound machines and access to biochemistry and microbiology services. The improvement of pediatric services requires the training of surgeons doctors and nurses in a series of clinics by experienced pediatric surgeons affiliated with the four major hospitals. CARE Australia and the International Federation of Surgical Colleges initiated a program in November 1995 to train students as well as local teachers in medicine pharmacology and dentistry. Certification of the medical staff will be provided by the international federation and funding for training in foreign countries like Australia could also be solicited.
Hands-on activity demonstrating different in-process measurement methods

Purdue Polytechnic Columbus is one of ten statewide extensions of Purdue University and is located about an hour south of Indianapolis in an economic region dominated by manufacturing. Just less than 40% of the workforce in this 10 county region is directly employed by the manufacturing industry. The primary employer in the region is diesel-engine manufacturer Cummins, Inc. but there are many others including Toyota, Honda, Faurecia, NTN Driveshaft, Valeo, and Aisin. Most of the manufacturing industry is related to automobile production. Purdue Polytechnic Columbus is unique among higher education institutions due to a partnership with diesel-engine manufacturer Cummins Inc. that has led to an environmentally-controlled metrology lab located within the university facility. This puts Purdue Polytechnic Columbus in a unique position to develop and offer training and education programs targeted to local industry and local education institutions. There have been many recent reports of shortages of trained metrology personnel. As a university, Purdue Polytechnic Columbus has developed many programs to engage young people in the STEM disciplines to foster interest in manufacturing and engineering careers. This work attempts to develop a hands-on activity that emphasizes the importance of measurement within the broader context of assembly-line manufacturing. Participants create multiple assembly lines to produce a simple fixture, utilizing various measurement tools to increase quality and improve efficiency. The last effort employs go/no-go gauges to illustrate the value of those tools in manufacturing to improve quality and efficiency.
Contemporary Philosophical Filmmaking

Although there has been an extensive debate about whether films can actually do philosophy, this chapter bypasses that debate in order to examine a number of different ways in which philosophy has been done by contemporary filmmakers. Using a variety of different films from different genres—including Anomalisa, an animated film; Amour, a narrative fiction film; and The Act of Killing, a documentary—the chapter explores some of the central ways that philosophy has been done on film—such as providing a counterexample to a philosophical thesis, providing evidence to support a philosophical claim, and presenting an argument in support of a philosophical view.
[Surgical Short Stay Unit at a Metropolitan Children's Hospital].

Currently, the development of day care hospitals is determined by the need to improve medical, social and economic efficiency of medical institutions, and high demand among population for this type of medical service. Our foreign colleagues’ experiance shows that the volume of planned surgical care in such structural units reaches 80%. The article analyzes the results of the Surgical Short Stay Unit at the Moscow Morozov children’s hospital. From February 2017 to December 2018, 5684 surgical interventions were performed in the Department, 1073 of them were performed via the laparoscopic method in patients with inguinal hernias, varicocele, and non-palpable testicular syndrome. The length of patients’ stay at the hospital averaged 6-8 hours. A unique algorithm of anesthetic support using 2-lumen laryngeal masks without muscle relaxants and narcotic anesthetics was performed. Only 1 patient needed to be transferred to a 24-hour hospital from the Unit. There were no surgical complications. The organization of the short stay unit in Morozov Moscow Children’s Hospital allowed to radically improve the availability of minimally invasive modern medical care for children, to free highly specialized round-the-clock surgical beds, and to increase economic benefits for the medical institution.
Significance of Multi and Few Domain Ferroelectric Switching Dynamics for Steep-Slope Non-Hysteretic Ferroelectric Field Effect Transistor

Ferroelectric materials, when introduced in the gate stack of conventional transistor, provide a pathway towards achieving sub-60 mV/dec sub-threshold slope (SS) through the emergence of negative capacitance (NC) [1]. In this work, we provide new insights into multi and few-domain ferroelectric switching dynamics that highlight the possibility of achieving steep-slope non-hysteretic ferroelectric field-effect transistor (FeFET) from internal voltage amplification and channel charge boost (Fig. 1) [2]. Our proposed modeling framework is built upon the interaction of the electric-dipoles with the local electric field, thereby accounting for the intrinsic positive feedback mechanism due to dipolar-interaction (Fig. 2) [3]. This approach, while equivalent to the previous free energy-landscape based analysis, gives new insights about the system's dynamic response by conceptually separating the switching dynamics dictated by the physics of the device from the effects added by the external circuital topology. To capture the intrinsic ferroelectric dynamics, we translate the Landau-Khalatnikov (LK) equations to an equivalent circuit model with a positive feedback loop and utilize a capacitor in series (CS) that provides a negative feedback loop. Analyzing the interplay of both feedbacks loops, we can explain our experimental data obtained from a stack of 10nm thick Hf 0.5 Zr 0.5 O 2 ferroelectric capacitor and a varying linear dielectric capacitor in series and show how negative capacitance (NC) region is accessed and stabilized. Finally, we show how using this framework it is possible to tune the system parameters to generate a steep slope hysteresis free Ferroelectric Transistor (FeFET) due to the interval node voltage amplification and charge boost provided by the switching of the ferroelectric microscopic domains.
Forest restoration treatments in a ponderosa pine forest enhance physiological activity and growth under climatic stress

As the climate warms, drought will increasingly occur under elevated temperatures, placing forest ecosystems at growing risk of extensive dieback and mortality. In some cases, increases in tree density following early 20th-century fire suppression may exacerbate this risk. Treatments designed to restore historical stand structure and enhance resistance to high-severity fire might also alleviate drought stress by reducing competition, but the duration of these effects and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. To elucidate these mechanisms, we evaluate tree growth, mortality, and tree-ring stable-carbon isotope responses to stand-density reduction treatments with and without prescribed fire in a ponderosa pine forest of western Montana. Moderate and heavier cutting experiments (basal area reductions of 35% and 56%, respectively) were initiated in 1992, followed by prescribed burning in a subset of the thinned units. All treatments led to a growth release that persisted to the time of resampling. The treatments had little effect on climate-growth relationships, but they markedly altered seasonal carbon isotope signals and their relationship to climate. In burned and unburned treatments, carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13 C) increased in the earlywood (EW) and decreased in the latewood (LW) relative to the control. The sensitivity of LW Δ13 C to late-summer climate also increased in all treatments, but not in the control. Such increased sensitivity indicates that the reduction in competition enabled trees to continue to fix carbon for new stem growth, even when the climate became sufficiently stressful to stop new assimilation in slower-growing trees in untreated units. These findings would have been masked had we not separated EW and LW. The importance of faster growth and enhanced carbon assimilation under late-summer climatic stress became evident in the second decade post-treatment, when mountain pine beetle activity increased locally, and tree mortality rates in the controls of both experiments increased to more than twice those in their respective treatments. These findings highlight that, when thinning is used to restore historical forest structure or increase resistance to high-severity fire, there will likely be additional benefits of enhanced growth and physiological activity under climatic stress, and the effects may persist for more than two decades.
Peri-Net-Pro: The neural processes with quantified uncertainty for crack patterns.

This paper uses the peridynamic theory, which is well-suited to crack studies, to predict the crack patterns in a moving disk and classify them according to the modes and finally perform regression analysis. In that way, the crack patterns are obtained according to each mode by Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation using the peridynamics. Image classification and regression studies are conducted through Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and the neural processes. First, we increased the amount and quality of the data using peridynamics, which can theoretically compensate for the problems of the finite element method (FEM) in generating crack pattern images. Second, we did the case study for the PMB, LPS, and VES models that were obtained using the peridynamic theory. Case studies were performed to classify the images using CNNs and determine the PMB, LBS, and VES models' suitability. Finally, we performed the regression analysis for the images of the crack patterns with neural processes to predict the crack patterns. In the regression problem, by representing the results of the variance according to the epochs, it can be confirmed that the result of the variance is decreased by increasing the epoch numbers through the neural processes. The most critical point of this study is that the neural processes make an accurate prediction even if there are missing or insufficient training data.
A rapid solubility assay of protein domain misfolding for pathogenicity assessment of rare DNA sequence variants.

DNA sequencing technology has unmasked a vast number of uncharacterized single-nucleotide variants in disease-associated genes, and efficient methods are needed to determine pathogenicity and enable clinical care. We report an E. coli–based solubility assay for assessing the effects of variants on protein domain stability for three disease-associated proteins. First, we examined variants in the Kv11.1 channel PAS domain (PASD) associated with inherited long QT syndrome type 2 and found that protein solubility correlated well with reported in vitro protein stabilities. A comprehensive solubility analysis of 56 Kv11.1 PASD variants revealed that disruption of membrane trafficking, the dominant loss-of-function disease mechanism, is largely determined by domain stability. We further validated this assay by using it to identify second-site suppressor PASD variants that improve domain stability and Kv11.1 protein trafficking. Finally, we applied this assay to several cancer-linked P53 tumor suppressor DNA-binding domain and myopathy-linked Lamin A/C Ig-like domain variants, which also correlated well with reported protein stabilities and functional analyses. This simple solubility assay can aid in determining the likelihood of pathogenicity for sequence variants due to protein misfolding in structured domains of disease-associated genes as well as provide insights into the structural basis of disease.
Reframing Organizational Contexts from Barriers to Levers for Teacher Learning in Science Education Reform

A growing body of work regarding teacher learning and implementation of reform has pointed to the significant role organizational contexts play in shaping teachers’ engagement with reform and their...
Substance Use Disorders and Adoption Status: Implications for Counseling Practice:

Adopted persons are at a higher risk to receive mental health and substance use treatment (Behle & Pinquart, 2016; Brodzinsky, 2013) and are also at a higher risk for a lifetime prevalence of subst...
Stabilizers of Stationary Actions of Lattices in Semisimple Groups.

Every stationary action of a strongly irreducible lattice or commensurator of such a latiice in a general semisimple group, with at least one higher-rank connected factor, either has finite stabilizers almost surely or finite index stabilizers almost surely.
Finite Element Modelling and Analysis for Modal Investigation of a Blade H-Type Darrieus Rotor

The blade is considered as the most significant element in wind turbine system which is expensive and the reliability of wind turbine is related directly to its quality. Therefore, its structure has been receiving a great consideration to comprehend the behaviour of blade by researchers and engineers. This research article presents the 3D numerical modal analysis of a straight blade for 10-kW H-type Darrieus rotor. Numerical analysis was carried out in order to determine modal parameters (natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes) for the blade structure by Finite Element Analysis (FEA) technique with the help of SolidWorks Simulation software program. The results indicate that no resonant problem during the different phases of the wind turbine operation.
3084 – A MACHINE-LEARNING APPROACH TO SCORING ERYTHROID COLONIES IN SEMI-SOLID MEDIUM

The ability of erythroid progenitors to form colonies in semi-solid medium is the ‘gold-standard’ approach to establishing their identity. However, colony formation assays are laborious, requiring multiple replicates and manual scoring by skilled observers. These drawbacks limit the scale of their use in the laboratory, in fundamental research and in the search for novel erythroid stimulating agents. Here we present a novel tool, ‘c-count’, which combines high-resolution automated image acquisition with a convolutional neural network (CNN) machine-learning model to accurately count colony-forming-unit-erythroid (CFU-e) colonies. We performed colony assays in a methylcellulose medium supplemented with erythropoietin (Epo) and iron-saturated transferrin, in 35 mm plates. Colonies were stained for expression of hemoglobin with diaminobenzidine. Images were acquired using the Zeiss Axio Observer inverted microscope. Sixteen contiguous fields were scanned and stitched together in each of 4 identically placed regions totaling 1/16th of each plate's area. To generate data to train and test the CNN model, a Laplacian of Gaussian algorithm was used to identify ‘blobs’ within the images, which were then labeled by 5 independent observers as either true or false CFU-e. The training data contained 1062 blobs with 420 labeled as CFU-e, while the validation data contained 188 blobs. The F1 score among the 5 independent observers on the same test data ranged from 0.84 to 0.89 (mean=0.87). The F1 score of the c-count classification against the validation data was 0.87. In an additional test experiment, the correlations between CFU-e counts generated by c-count and two independent observers were 0.96 and 0.97. We are currently extending evaluation to determine the model's performance under a variety of experimental conditions including tissue origin of CFU-e and culture conditions. We conclude that c-count is a promising tool for scoring CFU-e with the potential to speed up the study of erythroid progenitor biology.
High speed trains communication systems in 5G cellular networks

Abstract In this paper, a new transmitter-receiver structure for high speed train (HST) data transmission and detection in fifth generation (5G) communication systems is proposed. This structure employs a new Doppler shift frequency (DSF) estimation approach, projected in this paper, to calculate the channel taps' DSFs at the base station (BS) receiver. The estimated DSFs are used to calculate the channel taps' angle of departures (AoDs). Considering the estimated AoDs, the transmitter beamformer regulates its coefficients to suppress the non-line of sight channel taps (NLoSCTs) and a DSF compensation block is employed to alleviate the line of sight channel tap's (LoSCT's) DSF. The proposed DSF estimation approach is a two-phase scheme which obtains a coarse estimation of DSFs at the first phase and calculates DSFs more accurately at the second phase. While this two-phase DSF estimation approach is able to estimate DSFs in both multipath rich and Rician channel models, an alternative DSF estimation scheme for Rician channel models is proposed which can estimate the LoSCT's DSF with much lower computational complexity compared to the two-phase DSF estimation method. Simulation results indicate the fidelity of the proposed DSF estimation methods and the proposed transmitter-receiver structure.
Lección inaugural para la primera promoción del Máster Universitario en Estudios LGBTIQ+ de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid

This article presents Teresa de Lauretis' inaugural lecture for the first class of the Master's Degree in LGBTIQ+ Studies at the Complutense University of Madrid. Drawing on Laplanche's re-readings of Freud's Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (1905), I offer an approach to the concept of sex drive, sexual instinct and gender, key ideas within Queer Theory. The former refers to the polymorphically perverse sexuality proper to infancy (which nevertheless survives into adulthood), oriented only to pleasure, and implanted by the seduction of adult caregivers in the baby, who direct enigmatic messages that remain latent within the infant’s psyche as desires, unconscious fantasies or phobias; the second is geared by biology towards reproduction. According to this re-reading of Freud, gender is also defined as one of those enigmatic messages addressed to the infant by its environment and conditioned by the expectations of family and friends. Gender is therefore defined as a conscious or preconscious process, as opposed to sexuality, which is implanted by adults, since it is a message that the infant must assume, identifying himself as a boy or a girl, being able to reject or confirm this identity later on. In conclusion, when the sexual instinct arrives with puberty (instinctive sexuality), the psychic space already contains unconscious sexual fantasies; therefore, according to this reinterpretation of Laplanche, the so-called "sexual deviation" would not be an individual disorder (since sexuality always deviates from the norm), but a social issue.
Probabilistic Method to predict Remaining Usage Life of Aircraft Structures

Current trends in the design of new aircraft components and high level innovations in the older type of aircraft are clearly pointing to automation and integration of all aircraft systems to give increased cost efficiency in the aircraft operation. The same trend can be observed in the design, operation and maintenance of aircraft structures where advanced Structure Health Monitoring (SHM) systems are about to enter into service. These advanced systems are designed to provide both diagnostic and prognostic information enabling application of Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) or even Prognostics Maintenance (PM) concepts into the maintenance of the aircraft structures. To make this CBM/PM concept a reality, an accurate, reliable and robust method to predict the Remaining Usage Life (RUL) of the structure is the foremost step.This paper presents a probabilistic method for RUL prediction. A hybrid approach is used, comprising of two different algorithms. The first algorithm adopts fracture- mechanics based fatigue crack growth model. This approach uses physics of failure to predict the crack growth curve and underlying degradation process. It calculates the accurate value of Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) to calculate the crack growth curve. The second algorithm is a mathematical model which quantify various sources of uncertainty such as future loading, crack length, model parameters etc. The process described in this paper results in enhanced remaining usage life estimation by compensating for the aforementioned modeling uncertainties. The model results were verified and validated on a typical aero structure with experimental, FEA simulation and fractography data.
The diagnostic reliability of pooled ear-notch antigan capture immunosorbent assay testing for bovine viral diarrhea persistently infected individuals and economic determination of optimum pool size.

In order to control BVD in cattle, the key component is finding and eliminating persistently infected (Pl) individuals from the herd. Many of the testing methods available are cost-prohibitive to most producers for whole-herd screening. In order to address this, the diagnostic reliability of pooled antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ACE) was explored as a cost effective alternative.
The relationship of intervention acceptability and integrity in general classroom interventions

Increasing emphasis is being placed on providing educational interventions for children with learning and behavioral problems in the least restrictive environment (LR£). This results in greater pressure on teachers, who often have had little or no specialized training in classroom management and individualized educational needs (Peterson & Casey, 1991). Efforts to assist teachers working with students having difBculty^ usually involve teachers using a problem-solving process to develop individualized interventions. However, little applied research has been conducted to confirm the critical factors important in developing and implementing interventions to achieve positive student outcomes in school settings. Several of the factors si^ested to be critical in intervention implementation include intervention acceptability, integrity, and effectiveness. Most school-based intervention plans do not include assessment of these factors. Both intervention acceptability and integrity are hypothesized to influence intervention implementation and effectiveness. Little research has been completed to examine interventions in applied settings to determine if the hypothesized relationships between these intervention factors exists. The overall purpose of this project was to assess the relationships between intervention acceptability, intervention integrity, and the effectiveness of classroom interventions using two studies. The first study involved observing interventions as they were implemented in elementary classroom settings. The second study used a survey to ask
The Challenge of Contemporary Records: Reference Service in a Labor and Urban Archives

Presentation des «Archives of Labor and Urban Affairs» de l'Universite de Detroit. On expose les modes d'enrichissement du fonds, l'acces aux collections et ses restrictions, les utilisateurs, les problemes poses par le vol et les degradations, les outils de reference
Increase in Preterm Birth during Demographic Transition in Chile from 1991 to 2012.

Introduction. Universally mothers at 35 years or more have had higher maternal and perinatal risks. This study analyzed the trend of this group in maternal population and determined their risk of having premature children, during the demographic transition period in Chile. Materials and Methods. Epidemiological study conducted in the population of simple live births registered in the Chilean National Database Births of 1991–2012. Analyses were performed in three categories of maternal age: 35 or more, under 35, and 20 to 29 years. The risk of prematurity was measured by crude and Adjusted Odds Ratio from logistic regression model. Results. Mothers aged 35 and older increased in population from 10.6% in 1991 to 16.7% in 2012 and presented an overall prevalence of preterm delivery of 6.7%, higher prevalence than 20–29 age group (4.7%). In aging mothers, the Odds Ratio for preterm birth adjusted for education, marital status, and parity was 1.68 (95% CI (1.66–1.70)) compared to mothers aged 20–29. All differences were significant (). Conclusions. During Chilean demographic transition, mothers aged 35 or older increased steadily and significantly maintaining higher risks of preterm births. Policies to prevent and monitor the late motherhood could contribute to stopping the current trend.
Fighting patterns in young coyotes: Initiation, escalation, and assessment

The fighting patterns of young coyotes were studied and 2,350 fights were analyzed. Our results can be summarized as follows: 1) No major injuries were sustained by any of the infants, even in unritualized bouts. 2) In pairs, there was no relationship between social rank and the proportion of fights that were initiated by either animal. 3) Dominant animals were more likely than subordinate individuals to escalate first (perform the first unprovoked dangerous move) during short interactions and to escalate and then subsequently win short fights. 4) Highest-ranking (alpha) individuals in litters did not fight the most. 5) Alpha individuals initiated 73% of the fights in which they partook. Alpha coyotes initiated and then won 86% of the contests that they initiated. 6) For fourth-ranking coyotes in litters, there was a perfect positive correlation between the proportion of times that they initiated fights and the proportion of times that they initiated and then won encounters. They initiated interactions least with the first- to third-ranking animals. 7) Alpha and fourth-ranking animals escalated about the same proportion of the time, but alpha coyotes escalated and then won a greater proportion of fights. 8) Both alpha and fourth-ranking animals initiated and then escalated the greatest proportion of time with individuals nearest in rank, with whom they may have experienced the greatest difficulty in assessing relative social standing. 9) Our data suggested that individuals, especially in litters, were able to make pre-fight assessments but that they were not perfect with respect to this ability. During-fight assessments appeared to be easier to make, using escalation to test an opponent.
Evolving standards in the treatment of docetaxel-refractory castration-resistant prostate cancer

The management of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has taken several leaps forward in the past year, with the demonstration of improved overall survival with three novel agents (sipuleucel-T, cabazitaxel with prednisone and abiraterone acetate with prednisone), and a significant delay in skeletal-related events observed with denosumab. The pipeline of systemic therapies in prostate cancer remains strong, as multiple agents with a diverse array of mechanisms of action are showing preliminary signs of clinical benefit, leading to more definitive phase III confirmatory trials. In this review, which represents part 1 of a two-part series on metastatic CRPC, we will summarize the mechanisms of resistance to hormonal and chemotherapies and discuss the evolving landscape of treatment options for men with CRPC, with a particular focus on currently approved and emerging treatment options following docetaxel administration, as well as prognostic factors in this post-docetaxel state. As docetaxel remains the standard initial systemic therapy for men with metastatic CRPC for both palliative and life-prolonging purposes, knowledge of these evolving standards will help to optimize delivery of care and long-term outcomes.
Towards an architecture for intelligent control of narrative in interactive virtual worlds

The creation of novel, engaging and dynamic interactive stories presents a unique challenge to the designers of systems for interactive entertainment, education and training. Unlike conventional narrative media, an interactive narrative-based system may be required to generate its own story structure, determine the appropriate interface elements to use to convey the storys action and manage the effective interaction of a user within the story as it plays out. Here we describe the architecture of the Mimesis system, which integrates a 3D graphical gaming environment with intelligent techniques for generating and controlling interaction with and within a narrative in order to create an engaging and coherent user experience
West Nile Virus Detection in Kidney, Cloacal, and Nasopharyngeal Specimens

We compared kidney tissue samples and cloacal and nasopharyngeal swab samples from field-collected dead crows and blue jays for West Nile virus surveillance. Compared to tissue samples, 35% more swab samples were false negative. Swab samples were usually positive only when the corresponding tissue sample was strongly positive.
Studies of model compounds for the analysis of ester-containing polysaccharides by the reductive-cleavage method

Abstract The four O-propionyl regioisomers of methyl tri-O-methy-α- d -glucopyranoside and the 2- and 3-O-propionyl regioisomers of methyl tri-O-methyl-β- d -glucopyranoside were subjected to reductive cleavage in the presence of Et3SiH and Me3SiOSO2CF3, BF3·Et2O, or Me3SiOSO2Me-BF3·Et2O. The O-propionyl group was stable either Me3SiOSO2CF3 or BF3·Et2O was the catalyst, but was slowly reduced to the (1-propyl) ether when Me3SiOSO2Me-BF3·Et2O was the catalyst. Reductive cleavages catalyzed by Me3SiOSO2CF3 were complete in 6 h, those catalyzed by BF3·Et2O required at least 24 h, and those catalyzed by Me3SiOSO2Me-BF3·Et2O requires 30 min or less. In the α-series, the rate of reductive cleavage decreased in the order 6-O-propionyl> 4-O-propionyl> 3-O-propionyl >> 2-O-propionyl. The reductive cleavage of β anomers was faster than that of the corresponding α anomers. This effect was particularly striking for the α and β anomers of the 2-O-propionyl regioisomer, as would be expected on the basis of a participation reaction.
Sexual dysfunction in the diabetes female: a review.

Numerous studies have substantiated the presence of sexual dysfunction related to neuropathy in the diabetic male. Studies concerning the sexual dysfunction of the diabetic female are few and inconclusive. Controlled research using objective physiological measures is needed to test the hypothesis that the diabetic female is at equal risk of developing neuropathic-related sexual dysfunction.
Synthesis of Oligo(1,6-heptadiynes) with a Single Structure and Terminal Methylene Groups Using Molybdenum-Based Wittig and Metathesis Chemistry. 1. 2,6-Dimethylphenylimido Systems

In this paper we demonstrate a method of synthesizing oligoenes of diisopropyldipropargylmalonate, [CH2][bx][CH2] (x = 2, 3, 4, 5), in which the “b” repeat unit is identical to the five-membered ring formed in a tail-to-tail cyclopolymerization of diisopropyldipropargylmalonate, and methylene groups are capping the ends. For example, a “degenerate” metathesis reaction between the “monomer”, [CH2][b][CH2], and 2 equiv of Mo(NAr′)(CHCMe2Ph)(ORF6)2 ([Mo][CHCMe2Ph] where Ar′ = 2,6-Me2C6H3 and ORF6 = OCMe(CF3)2) gives [Mo][b][Mo]. An “Mo-Wittig” reaction between [Mo][b][Mo] and 2 equiv of the aldehyde, [CH2][b][O], then gives the “trimer”, [CH2][b3][CH2]. Treatment of [CH2][b3][CH2] with 2 equiv of [Mo][CHCMe2Ph] gives [Mo][b3][Mo], which upon treatment with 2 equiv of [CH2][b][O] gives the “pentamer”, [CH2][b5][CH2], which contains 11 double bonds in conjugation in a molecule in which the repeat units are connected by trans C═C bonds. The oligoenes are not always obtained in high yield in pure form because (i...
Parameter estimation using partial information with applications to queueing and related models

Abstract Parameter estimation based on the differences of two positive exponential family random variables is studied. Waiting time data, adjusted for idle times when necessary, are used for estimating the parameters in G I / G / 1 queues. The sampling plan presented uses incomplete information on the differences between service and inter-arrival times rather than full information on service and inter-arrival times. A variation of the EM algorithm is proposed to derive parameter estimates. Specific examples are discussed, and the performances of the maximum likelihood and the corresponding estimates obtained by the EM algorithm are compared via simulations. Related applications to inventory, insurance and life-testing models are briefly considered.
Robust infrared vehicle tracking across target pose change using L 1 regularization

In this paper, we propose a robust vehicle tracker for Infrared (IR) videos motivated by the recent advance in compressive sensing (CS). The new eL 1 -PF tracker solves a sparse model representation of moving targets via L 1 regularized least squares. The sparse-model solution addresses real-world environmental challenges such as image noises and partial occlusions. To further improve tracking performance for frame-to-frame sequences involving large target pose changes, two extensions to the original L 1 tracker are introduced (eL 1 ). First, in the particle filter (PF) framework, pose information is explicitly modelled into the state space which significantly improves the effectiveness of particle sampling and propagation. Second, a probabilistic template update scheme is designed, which helps alleviating drift caused by a target pose change. The proposed tracker, named eL 1 -PF tracker, is tested on IR sequences from the DARPA Video Verification of Identity (VIVID) dataset. Promising results from the eL 1 -PF tracker are observed in these experiments in comparison with previous mean-shift and original L 1 -regularization trackers.
Radiographic resolution of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): not a sign of clinical deterioration.

Background. The literature and anecdotal evidence associate the resolution of radiographic findings of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) with a decline in immune and clinical status of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected children. Objective. As our clinical impression was the opposite, we sought to elucidate this contradiction. Materials and methods. Of 52 pediatric patients infected with the HIV currently being followed at our institution, 20 (38.5 %) carried the diagnosis of LIP and 13 (65 %) of these have had complete resolution of radiographic findings of LIP. We retrospectively reviewed the chest radiographs, CD4 counts, and clinical history of these 13 patients. Results. Of the 13 patients who had resolution of radiographic findings, 11 (84.6 %) had no significant change in CD4 count at the time of resolution and remained clinically stable during a mean follow-up period of 32 months. Two patients (15.3 %) developed severe CD4 lymphocytopenia at the time of resolution of LIP, but clinically remained stable. None of these 13 patients had a recurrence of LIP, even with subsequent increases in CD4 count. Conclusion. We suggest that in contradiction to previously published data, resolution of LIP on chest radiographs is not an indicator for poor prognosis for the HIV-infected pediatric patient.