cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Comment on 'Quantum identification schemes with entanglements'

In a recent paper, Mihara [Phys. Rev. A 65, 052326 (2002)] presented several cryptographic protocols that were claimed to be quantum mechanical in nature. In this Comment, it is pointed out that these protocols can be described in purely classical terms. Hence, the security of these schemes does not rely on the usage of entanglement or any other quantum-mechanical property.
The mental illness microaggressions scale-perpetrator version (MIMS-P): reliability and validity

The study objective was to develop a new measure for use in the empirical measurement of microaggression behaviors perpetrated towards persons with mental illness and examine its psychometric properties. Following development of an initial item pool, 505 participants (students at a large college in New York City and community members recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk program) completed an online survey including a 20-item measure of microaggression behaviors. Exploratory factor analysis revealed three subscales: Assumption of Inferiority (α=0.81), Patronization (α=0.78), and Fear of Mental Illness (α=0.63). Additional analyses supported convergent validity of the measure with two widely used measures of mental illness stigma. The MIMS-P is the first instrument to measure microaggressions endorsed by perpetrators against a socially marginalized group and demonstrates strong psychometric properties. Inclusion of this scale in future research can help facilitate understanding of perpetrator perspectives and assist with intervention development.
Influence of system integration and packaging for a wireless neural interface on its wireless powering performance

In an integrated wireless neural interface based on the Utah electrode array, the implanted electronics is supplied with power through inductive coupling between two coils. This inductive power link would be affected by conductive and dielectric media surrounding the implant coil. In this study, the influences of the integration of implant coil on silicon based IC/electrode, thin film parylene coating, and physiological medium surrounding the coil were investigated systematically and quantitatively. A few different versions of implant coils were made by winding fine wire with a diameter of around 50 μm. The parasitic influences affecting the inductive power link were empirically investigated by measuring the electrical properties of coils in different configurations and in different media. The distance of power transmission between the transmit and receive coils was measured when the receive coil was in air and immersed in saline solution to simulate an implanted physiological environment. The results from this study suggest factors to be considered when integrating and encapsulating implantable devices that employ inductive power link.
Synergistic induction of apoptosis by the Bcl-2 inhibitor ABT-737 and imatinib mesylate in gastrointestinal stromal tumor cells

Abstract Background: Although imatinib mesylate has revolutionized the management of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), resistance and progression almost inevitably develop with long-term monotherapy. To enhance imatinib-induced cytotoxicity and overcome imatinib-resistance in GIST cells, we examined the antitumor effects of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibitor ABT-737, alone and in combination with imatinib. Methods: We treated imatinib-sensitive, GIST-T1 and GIST882, and imatinib-resistant cells with ABT-737 alone and with imatinib. We determined the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects by cell viability assay, flow cytometric apoptosis and cell cycle analysis, immunoblotting, and nuclear morphology. Synergism was determined by isobologram analysis. Results: The IC50 of single-agent ABT-737 at 72 h was 10 μM in imatinib-sensitive GIST-T1 and GIST882 cells, and 1 μM in imatinib-resistant GIST48IM cells. ABT-737 and imatinib combined synergistically in a time- and dose-dependent manner to inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of all GIST cells, as evidenced by cell viability and apoptosis assays, caspase activation, PARP cleavage, and morphologic changes. Isobologram analyses revealed strongly synergistic drug interactions, with combination indices Conclusion: We provide the first preclinical evidence that Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibition with ABT-737 synergistically enhances imatinib-induced cytotoxicity via apoptosis, and that direct engagement of apoptotic cell death may be an effective approach to circumvent imatinib-resistance in GIST.
Protest Against The Use of Native American Mascots: a Challenge to Traditional American Identity

This paper is focused on discourse associated with the recent social movement to eliminate the use of Native American mascots in the United States. The researcher analyzed the recent Super Bowl and...
The Impact Of Information Technology Investments On Managerial Decision Making: Evidence From Dividend Payout

Investments in Information Technology (IT) are an increasing part of organizational expenditures in spite of the fact that there is little evidence in the existing literature that suggests these investments are related to the organization’s performance. The uncertainty of IT investment payoff should be reflected in other managerial decisions. This research examines Rozeff's (1982) agency cost/transaction cost tradeoff model to determine if IT investments are related to dividend payout ratios for an organization. A dividend payout model including an IT investment variable is estimated. The estimation results suggest that a significant positive relationship exists between dividend payout and a firm’s IT investments.
Neurologic Complications in Pregnancy

Pregnant women are subject to the same complications as the general population, as well to specific neurologic complications associated with pregnancy, such as preeclampsia or eclampsia. The hormonal and physiologic changes during pregnancy lead to altered incidences of these complications, which usually present during the late period of pregnancy, labor, or the puerperium. In addition, the treatment of these conditions is different from that of nonpregnant women, because special attention is paid to avoid any abnormalities or death of the fetus. This article discusses the most common of these neurologic complications.
A Review of Dr. Robert France's Contributions and Impact on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Engineering: Robert B. France (1960-2015)

Robert B. France was one of the pioneers in model-driven engineering and instrumental in shaping the field of model-driven engineering from two complementary dimensions: research and building collaborative communities. In both dimensions, an overarching quality is the notion of inclusiveness and bridge building. Dr. France built bridges between research communities, between researchers and practitioners, between individual researchers, and between senior and junior researchers. This article describes a few highlights from both dimensions, focusing on the "bridging" aspects in each
Model of intersegmental coordination in the leech heartbeat neuronal network.

We have created a computational model of the timing network that paces the heartbeat of the medicinal leech,Hirudo medicinalis. The rhythmic activity of this network originates from two segmental o...
Widened energy acceptance window for molecular breast imaging with a CZT-based gamma camera

2737 Objectives As part of ongoing efforts to reduce necessary dose for molecular breast imaging (MBI) at our institution, we aim to improve count sensitivity for MBI. Due to incomplete charge trapping in cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detectors used for MBI gamma cameras, photopeak events can be mis-registered at lower energies below the standard ±10% (126-154 keV) window. We compare image count density, scatter, and lesion visibility in MBI exams acquired with standard and wide (110-154 keV) energy windows. Methods MBI exams performed with 4 mCi Tc99m sestamibi and a dual-head CZT-based gamma camera were analyzed. Acquisitions comprised bilateral views acquired for 10 min/view with the two energy windows collected simultaneously. In 25 patients, background count density was measured at the chest wall and mid-breast, on craniocaudal views with lower and upper detector heads, at each energy window. To assess relative torso scatter we compared chest wall and mid-breast count density. In 17 patients with lesions (average size = 12.6 mm), lesion signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast were measured. Paired t-tests were used for comparisons. Results The wide energy window increased count sensitivity by a factor of 1.5 to 1.8. In all images, chest wall count density was higher than mid-breast. This ratio of chest wall vs. mid-breast was noticeably increased on upper head images at the wide window, indicating greater contribution of torso scatter. Lesion SNR was not significantly different between windows but lesion contrast was lower with the wide energy acceptance window. Conclusions The wide energy acceptance window increased overall count sensitivity; but scatter at the chest wall edge increased, especially for the upper detector head. An energy window that varies with distance from the chest wall may be beneficial.
GENDER AND RACE DIFFERENCES IN AGING-RELATED ALTERATION IN MYOCARDIAL SYSTOLIC FUNCTION ASSESSED BY 2D SPECKLE TRACKING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY OVER A 20 YEAR FOLLOW-UP: THE CARDIA STUDY

To evaluate gender and race differences in subclinical left ventricle (LV) systolic function in young adulthood and middle age. We assessed circumferential peak strain in a prospective cohort with echocardiograms obtained 20 years apart. Included were 1,312 Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young
Measurement-based Birth Model for a Space Object Cardinalized Probability Hypothesis Density Filter

The cardinalized probability hypothesis density (CPHD) multi-target filter allows for the state estimation of known and previously unknown objects in challenging observation environments. To identify new objects, the CPHD requires a birth model to define the density of potential new targets in the single-target space. This paper presents an observation-based birth model using the constrained admissible region that identifies previously unknown space objects and instantiates a Gaussian mixture representation of the new target density. The Gaussian mixture formulation of the CPHD then refines the state estimate of the new target while simultaneously tracking known targets. Two variations of a simulation test demonstrate the efficacy of the method for the tracking of objects in the near-geosynchronous region using groundand space-based optical sensors. The first test case shows the filter’s performance for dense clutter and a priori knowledge of the new target’s presence. The second variation demonstrates the filter’s ability to track known and unknown objects with no a priori knowledge of the new target and a reduced clutter density. This latter case demonstrates that the CPHD with the new birth model correctly identifies potential new targets, discards false detections, and maintains custody of the previously known objects in the multi-target state.
Readout performance analysis of a cryogenic magneto-optical data storage system

An analysis of readout signal and noise generation is presented for a magneto-optical data storage system which uses a single laser beam for both Curie-point thermal writing and Faraday readout of magneto-optical films. The analysis is applied to a cryogenic beam addressable file model which utilizes GaAs injection lasers and doped EuO film.
Indentation Load Relaxation Experiments On Al-Si Metallizations

Indentation load relaxation (ILR) experiments with indentation depths in the submicron range are described. The observed flow behavior of a 1µm thick A1-2%Si film deposited on a silicon substrate depended on the depth of penetration. For shallow penetration depths, the shape of the flow curves obtained from this sample are similar to those obtained from a conventional load relaxation test of a bulk specimen. For penetration depths close to the film/substrate interface, the influence of the substrate on the film’s deformation behavior was observed.
Direct Displacement Design of Vertically and Horizontally Irregular Woodframe Buildings

The seismic performance of multi-story buildings can be ascertained from structural deformations and accelerations. Direct displacement design (DDD), is a procedure that allows one to distribute the vertical stiffness to the levels of a multistory building such that all stories of the building meet the desired performance criteria. DDD, in its original form, provides a simple and effective procedure to ensure a multi-story building meets the desired story drift requirements when subjected to the specified seismic intensity by considering the stiffness and strength degradation at target story drift level believed or demonstrated to provide the desired building performance. However, this design methodology has not been able to be applied to buildings with severe in-plane torsional irregularities. This paper presents the details of a methodology to perform DDD on multi-story buildings with any level of translational and torsional response and with or without a soft story, thereby generalizing DDD for all buildings. The proposed method can be applied to any nonlinear system, and is illustrated here for woodframe buildings. The design method, which does not require time history analysis, was found to provide a design with the target performance and for building with torsion, was shown to provide significantly better accuracy than DDD in its original form.
Aging, Cohorts, and Methods

Publisher Summary The essence of cohort analysis is the identification and quantification of different sources of variation that are associated with age, period, and/or cohort effects in an outcome of interest. Theoretical developments combined with new methodological tools and data sources have contributed to considerable growth in aging research in the social sciences over the past few decades. Researchers often need to compare age-specific data recorded at different points in time and from different birth cohorts. A systematic study of such data, termed the age-period-cohort (APC), or simply “cohort analysis,” is one of the most useful means to gain a greater understanding of the process of aging within and across human populations. This chapter aims to provide some useful guidelines on how to conduct cohort analysis. The expository strategy is to provide those guidelines using illustrative empirical analyses. The state of knowledge on cohort analysis in aging research in sociology, demography, and epidemiology is summarized. Applications of cohort analysis using linear regression models are based on the age-by-period matrix. The objective is to provide qualitative understanding of patterns of age period, cohort, and two-way age by period and age by cohort variations. The most effective way of accounting for aging-related phenomena and social and demographic change is to develop alternative approaches that do not treat age, period, and cohort as independent covariates in an additive fixed effects model. These techniques, coupled with new and superior data sources, set the stage for enhancing the understanding of the complex interplay of human aging, cohort characteristics, and historical events and processes.
A simple blood flow meter.

SummaryAn inexpensive direct recording flow meter, relatively independent of viscosity changes and with an accuracy of about 5% was constructed. Its chief advantage lies in its extreme simplicity. The calibration curve, closely approximating a parabolic function, was reduced to a straight line by plotting log height against 2 log flow on log-log graph paper.
An ShRNA Screen Identifies MEIS1 as a Driver of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors.

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are rare soft tissue sarcomas that are a major source of mortality in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) patients. To identify MPNST driver genes, we performed a lentiviral short hairpin (sh) RNA screen, targeting all 130 genes up-regulated in neurofibroma and MPNSTs versus normal human nerve Schwann cells. NF1 mutant cells show activation of RAS/MAPK signaling, so a counter-screen in RAS mutant carcinoma cells was performed to exclude common RAS-pathway driven genes. We identified 7 genes specific for survival of MPSNT cells, including MEIS1. MEIS1 was frequently amplified or hypomethylated in human MPSNTs, correlating with elevated MEIS1 gene expression. In MPNST cells and in a genetically engineered mouse model, MEIS1 expression in developing nerve glial cells was necessary for MPNST growth. Mechanistically, MEIS1 drives MPNST cell growth via the transcription factor ID1, thereby suppressing expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip and maintaining cell survival.
Adhesion, Modulus and Thermal Conductivity of Porous Epoxy Film on Silicon Wafers

An 8 μm epoxy film deposited on a 350 μm Si (100) Si wafer with a 0.4 μm Au transducer film deposited on top of the polymer film was used to evaluate the thermal conductivity, the modulus of the porous film, and the initiation of spalling upon laser beam irradiation on the back side of the Si wafer. The polymer films were characterized for pore microstructure using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. The polymer films were characterized using transient thermo reflectance (TTR) with laser beams illuminating the Au layer. The TTR signal from the polymer film showed only the thermal component and was characteristic of variations associated with thermal conduction into the film. To induce spalling, the back side was illuminated with a Nd-YAG laser beam with a 532 nm wavelength, pulse energy density 1.8 J/cm2, and a repetition rate of 10 Hz for 10 s in conjunction with TTR measurements on the front side. The TTR signal from the polymer film subjected to laser beam incidence from the backside of the Si wafer showed both the thermal and the acoustic components. The acoustic component was used to detect the initial stages of spalling or delamination. The acoustic oscillations were modeled using a modified wave equation to determine the velocity of sound and the modulus of the film. The results were also used to determine the effect of porosity on the modulus of the polymer film. The TTR signal was found to be very sensitive to detection of delamination without complete separation of the film.
Pocket Data: The Need for TPC-MOBILE

Embedded database engines such as SQLite provide a convenient data persistence layer and have spread along with the applications using them to many types of systems, including interactive devices such as smartphones. Android, the most widely-distributed smartphone platform, both uses SQLite internally and provides interfaces encouraging apps to use SQLite to store their own private structured data. As similar functionality appears in all major mobile operating systems, embedded database performance affects the response times and resource consumption of billions of smartphones and the millions of apps that run on them—making it more important than ever to characterize smartphone embedded database workloads. To do so, we present results from an experiment which recorded SQLite activity on 11 Android smartphones during one month of typical usage. Our analysis shows that Android SQLite usage produces queries and access patterns quite different from canonical server workloads. We argue that evaluating smartphone embedded databases will require a new benchmarking suite and we use our results to outline some of its characteristics.
Introduction: What Is Health Promotion for Children and Adolescents?

Health is a social concept that has changed throughout time. This is equally true for the concepts of childhood and child health. This introductory chapter begins with defining health and highlighting the difference between illness, health, and well-being. It then describes child health as a subspecialty and how children have their own considerations and determinants for what makes them healthy. Finally, what constitutes health promotion is explained in detail.
Toward a modern curriculum for computer engineering

Participants attending this conference tutorial will learn about the development of a computer engineering curricular report. They will assist in the revision process to update the joint ACM and IEEE document known as CE2004. The objective is to ensure that the new document, CE2016, is a forward-looking summary of the educational practices in the field.
Survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM): Findings from the Cancer Care Outcomes Research and Surveillance Consortium (CanCORS).

6602 Background: DM increases all-cause mortality in the general population. It is also associated with more complications from chemotherapy, increased risk of radiation pneumonitis and worse surgi...
Soluble c-kit receptor modulates stem cell factor bioactivity in vitro

Stem cell factor (SCF) is a growth factor that promotes the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. SCF and its receptor, Kit, are normally present in both cell surface and soluble forms. Both forms of Kit can bind SCF. However, the function of soluble Kit is unknown. In order to determine if soluble Kit can modulate SCF activity, we produced a fusion protein, Kit-Fc, comprised of the extracellular domain of murine Kit and the Fc portion of human IgG1 and investigated its ability to bind I-SCF and to inhibit SCF-stimulated hematopoietic colony growth in vitro. Stable cell lines expressing Kit-Fc were generated and Kit-Fc was purified to greater than 95% purity. Scatchard analysis demonstrated that Kit-Fc binds iodinated SCF with high affinity (Kd 570 pM). Kit-Fc also bound to transmembrane SCF displayed on the surface of fibroblasts. The murine mast cell line IC2 was engineered to express murine Kit on the cell surface and was demonstrated to proliferate in the presence of SCF. Kit-Fc completely blocked SCF-stimulated proliferation of IC2-Kit cells, but not IL-3-stimulated growth of IC2-Kit cells, demonstrating the specificity of Kit-Fc. We investigated the ability of Kit-Fc to block SCF-stimulated murine hematopoietic colony growth. Kit-Fc blocked SCF-stimulated erythroid colony growth as effectively as a neutralizing anti-Kit monoclonal antibody, ACK2, but did not block erythropoietin-stimulated erythroid colony growth. Likewise, Kit-Fc blocked SCF-stimulated myeloid colony growth as effectively as ACK2 antibody, but did not block IL-3or GM-CSF-stimulated myeloid colony growth. These results indicate that a form of soluble Kit binds SCF with high affinity, and can specifically block the ability of SCF to stimulate hematopoietic colony growth, suggesting that one function of soluble Kit may be to modulate SCF bioactivity. © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency Due to Distal Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Compression in Chiari 1.5

Background Chiari malformation is characterized by radiographic evidence of herniation of cerebellar tonsils below the foramen magnum and a symptom complex of headaches; breathing, swallowing, or sleep difficulties; ataxia; restless; and motor and/or sensory deficits. Case Description We report a case of a 34-year-old woman whose imaging indicated a Chiari 1.5 with brainstem (caudal medulla) herniation and an expansive cervical syrinx. Her symptom complex showed signs both of cervical syringomyelia, as well as ones localizable to the medulla. An intradural exploration revealed the occlusion and caudal displacement of the loop of the right posterior inferior cerebellar artery, which was later confirmed via magnetic resonance angiography. Conclusions In the setting of severe Chiari malformations, particularly the Chiari 1.5 variant, assessment of the posterior fossa vasculature may be useful in defining a subset of patients with preoperative compromise in posterior fossa blood flow and postoperative expectations. Preoperative planning and exploration of midline dorsal brain stem along with the tonsilomedullary fissure could be helpful for contribution of vascular pathology among Chiari symptoms complex in these patients.
Mechanisms of Children’s Exposure to Nature: Predicting Adulthood Environmental Citizenship and Commitment to Nature-Based Activities:

Childhood-nature experiences have lifelong effects on environmental citizenship and commitment to nature-based activities. But, it is unclear whether, and to what extent, the different mechanisms t...
Intestinal and Nonintestinal Cancer Risks for Patients with Crohn's Disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease that confers a higher risk of cancer than in the general population. New, large, population-based studies in the past decade show that patients with CD are at higher risk of colorectal, small bowel, melanoma, and cervical cancer. Patients who use thiopurines are at additional risk of development of lymphoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer. Preventive surveillance for cancers of the colorectum, skin, and uterine cervix is advised.
Total Parenteral Nutrition in the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Update

Malnutrition is a common feature of inflammatory bowel disease especially in hospitalized patients. Numerous studies emphasize the critical importance of nutritional restoration in achieving clinical remission. In some patients nutritional repletion and maintenance cannot be accomplished by oral or enteral routes of administration and parenteral nutrition support is required. In selected patients with malnutrition, a 7–10 day period of preoperative intravenous nutrition can be expected to decrease surgical morbidity. When parenteral nutrition is used as primary therapy in patients with acute Crohn’s disease in exacerbation, in-hospital remission rates between 40 and 80% can be expected. Clinical responses are most likely in patients with small bowel disease or a combination of small and large bowel disease; total parenteral nutrition has a minor and only supportive role in the management of patients with colitis in the absence of small intestinal disease. Temporary closure of enterocutaneous fistulae in Crohn’s disease can be expected in about 30% of patients. Favorable responses and restoration of growth are observed in growth-retarded children who are treated with total parenteral nutrition. Increasingly, home parenteral nutrition has been employed, especially in patients with extensive and unresectable disease and in patients with previous extensive small bowel resections. The experience indicates that such home parenteral nutrition can be carried out with reasonable social rehabilitation although complications and re-hospitalization are common. Total parenteral nutrition is an important element in the armamentarium of management of inflammatory bowel disease but its costs and complications demand that this treatment modality be used when nutritional restitution and maintenance cannot be accomplished more safely and reliably by enteral means.
Falx and Parasagittal Meningiomas

In this chapter the operative techniques of three meningiomas of the falx are given: (1) deep-seated unilateral falx meningioma, (2) parasagittal meningioma with invasion into the superior sagittal sinus, and (3) bilateral parasagittal meningioma. The value of the preoperative angiography in meningiomas has been discussed in Chapter VI, VIII and IX. In meningiomas of the falx not only are the same principles true but also required is a bilateral angiogram to obtain information in regard to bilateral extension of the tumor and invasion or obliteration of the venous sinus. If obstruction at the sagittal sinus is found, the main drainage of the hemispheres may go into the inferior sagittal sinus just below the tumor. Such a pathway has to be seen in the roentgenographic study and preserved during surgery. Visualization of arterial feeders to the meningiomas from branches of the external carotid artery (middle meningeal artery, superficial temporal artery, and the external occipital artery) requires the angiogram to include injection of the external carotid artery. But not all convexity meningiomas receive blood supply from the external carotid artery. In faix meningiomas especially, the main feeders may come from the pericallosal and middle cerebral arteries. Thus, the decision as to ligation of the external carotid artery to reduce bleeding is made, based on a complete angiographic study.
Racial disparities in pollution exposure and employment at US industrial facilities

Proximity to industrial facilities can have positive employment effects as well as negative pollution exposure impacts on surrounding communities. Although racial disparities in exposure to industrial air pollution in the United States are well documented, there has been little empirical investigation of whether these disparities are mirrored by employment benefits. We use facility-level data from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) and the US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission EEO-1 database to assess the extent to which the racial and ethnic distribution of industrial employment corresponds to the distribution of exposure to air toxics emitted by the same facilities. The share of pollution risk accruing to minority groups generally exceeds their share of employment and exceeds their share of higher paying jobs by a wide margin. We find no evidence that facilities that create higher pollution risk for surrounding communities provide more jobs in aggregate.
Differential Fowler-Nordheim Tunneling Dynamical System for Attojoule Sensing and Recording

Dynamical systems that evolve unidirectionally with respect to time provide a natural mechanism for implementing a time-domain, near-zero-threshold energy rectifier. In this paper we implement such a dynamical system using a pair of differential, leaky floating-gates and demonstrate that the circuit can sense and record signals of interest while compensating for environmental variations. A Fowler-Nordheim (FN) tunneling current has been used to implement the leakage process, which we experimentally show can be modulated by signals at energy levels below femtojoules. At this level of energy, the proposed FN-system could be self-powered using different types of biopotential energy sources like intra-cellular potentials, a feature that was not possible with previously reported recorders. Furthermore, the degree of modulation is shown to be a function of the input intensity as well as time-of-occurrence, which opens up the possibility of using reconstruction techniques to reconstruct the input signal from measurement of multiple sensing devices. Using devices fabricated in a 0.5 μm standard CMOS process, we demonstrate recording of 6 mV events with retention capability lasting over 30 minutes.
The impact of ocean surface currents on global eddy kinetic energy via the wind stress formulation

Abstract A pair of 12.5-year (July 2002–December 2014) HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) simulations that only differ in the wind stress formulation are used to investigate the effect of ocean surface currents on global monthly eddy kinetic energy (EKE) variation. The model results (2004–2014) show that the global monthly mean EKE is reduced by 37%, from 1.76 EJ (1018 J) to 1.10 EJ after ocean surface currents are included in the wind stress formulation. The monthly EKE budget indicates that the shear production and buoyancy work are positive (energy source) and the eddy wind work on the geostrophic currents is negative (energy sink) in the steady state (2004–2014) for both simulations. All of these three terms are reduced in the steady state when the ocean currents are included in the wind stress formulation. The global integral of the EKE difference budget suggests that the EKE reduction is primarily due to the reduction of the buoyancy work, followed by the reduction of the wind work on the geostrophic currents and the shear production. To our knowledge this is the first study to separate the eddy wind work into the geostrophic and ageostrophic components to investigate the impact of ocean surface currents on global and depth integrated EKE via the wind stress formulation using HYCOM simulations.
Magnetic Resonance Angiography

The clinical use of magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has rapidly expanded as technological advances in both hardware and imaging techniques overcome previous limitations. This is particularly true for imaging of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), who are often younger and frequently require continued, lifelong imaging follow-up. In this chapter, we will review recent developments in contrast-enhanced (CE) MRA and non-contrast-enhanced (NCE) MRA techniques applicable to CHD.
Multiparticle correlations and collectivity in small systems from the initial state

Abstract We report on recent progress in understanding multiparticle correlations in small systems from the initial state. First, we consider a proof-of-principle parton model, which we use to demonstrate that many of the multiparticle correlations observed in light-heavy ion collisions, often ascribed to hydrodynamic collectivity, can be qualitatively reproduced in an initial state model. Then, we study the two-particle harmonics v2 and v3 for p/d/3He+Au collisions at RHIC using the dilute-dense Color Glass Condensate Effective Field Theory framework. We show that this provides a viable alternative explanation to hydrodynamics, and elaborate on how such modeling can be improved.
Leading in the Upside Down: Peter the Rock

To say that Peter received mentoring from the most exceptional leader who ever existed would be a massive understatement. Jesus taught Peter a great deal on servant leadership. Yet, even with all the lessons that Peter learned from the Master leader, he still struggled under the pressure of rapid growth, cultural diversification, and decentralization in the early organizational life of the Church. This chapter looks at the leadership of Peter to examine how power, service, and mission inform leadership decision-making.
MINdI: Mindfulness Instruction for New Interns

Introduction Trainee burnout has reached epidemic proportions and is increasing among physicians compared to non-health care professionals. Burnout is associated with depression and lower empathy, ...
From ‘Illmatic’ to ‘Kung Flu’: Black and Asian Solidarity, Activism, and Pedagogies in the Covid-19 Era

Trending social media has indicated that there are currently two pandemics: Covid-19 and racism. While this typology and terminology can be critiqued, it is rather clear that the virus and White supremacy are key concerns of social movements in various parts of the world, particularly in nation states that experienced European colonisation and imperialism. The wake of Covid-19 has perhaps brought greater attention and support to #BlackLivesMatter-oriented protest movements, including by those labelled people of colour (POC) or ‘minorities’ in the North American context, such as Latinx and Asian communities. But with the amplified protest movement have come deeper calls for systemic change, from policy to ideology to everyday practice. Some of these critiques have been directed at the privilege, positionality, and participation of Asian communities not only with #BLM-oriented activism, but also in education and general society. This paper seeks to contribute to this critical discourse through a brief discussion of historical solidarity between Black and Asian activists and social movements, and how these practices might help inform activism within North America as well as other protest movements. Going beyond one-dimensional ‘but we experience racism too’ discourse of Asian communities that has recently increased due to anti-Asian hate crimes and scapegoating regarding ‘The Chinese Flu’, this paper explores some of the ways that historical Black-Asian solidarity can inform more intersectional and transnational analyses and pedagogies of Asian students, educators, and activists.
“Dude I’ve Never Felt This Way Towards a Celebrity Death”: Parasocial Grieving and the Collective Mourning of Kobe Bryant on Reddit:

Although research acknowledges the existence of parasocial relationships, if these relationships are possible then, inevitably, these relationships will dissolve. The emotions associated with paras...
Every orientable 3{manifold is a B

We show that every orientable 3{manifold is a classifying space B where is a groupoid of germs of homeomorphisms of R. This follows by showing that every orientable 3{manifold M admits a codimension one foliationF such that the holonomy cover of every leaf is contractible. The F we construct can be taken to be C 1 but not C 2 . The existence of such an F answers positively a question posed by Tsuboi (see (21)), but leaves open the question of whether M =B for some C 1 groupoid . AMS Classication 57R32; 58H05
Cybersecurity Threats and Organisational Response: Textual Analysis and Panel Regression

This study examines the relationship between cybersecurity threats faced and cybersecurity response planned by organisations. Classifying cybersecurity threats into four types – physical threats, p...
Troubling False Care

Despite sustained scholarly attention on care ethics across the social sciences, little attention has been paid to the politics of care practiced in the Western academy. In this provocation, I bring care ethics into dialogue with critical pedagogy to explore seemingly benign caring practices in the university. I draw on analyses of ‘false hope’ to provide a framework to better identify and nuance examples of ‘care’ throughout universities. While some caring practices in the academy may provide opportunities for resistance to its neoliberal corporatisation, I argue that examples of ‘false care’ and even uncaring practices can simultaneously flourish. More attention is needed by care scholars to unpack and untangle fraught caring relations throughout the academy in order to help our universities become more caring, equitable and inclusive.
Using Include Files to Streamline Web Site Management

ABSTRACT The article introduces the concepts and practices of using Server Side Includes (SSI) and Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) include function to streamline Web site management by separating content from structure. Examples are given with details. Comparison is made in terms of ease of use and functionality. Alternative practices such as using Dream-weaver templates and creating database-driven Web pages are also discussed and compared with SSI and PHP include. Recommendations are made in terms of when to use which method.
Temptation and the Manipulation of Desire

Face a la relation speciale et conceptuelle qu'entretient la notion de tentation avec le mal, l'A. interroge la possibilite d'une tentation a faire le bien. Soulignant la dimension objective et subjective, ainsi que la dimension active et passive de la tentation, l'A. se propose d'identifier les croyances, desirs, intentions, motifs et connaissances specifiques qui en definissent les dispositions psychologiques. A travers l'analyse du verbe tenter chez J. P. Day qui s'apparente a une veritable theorie de la manipulation du desir, l'A. mesure l'immoralite de la tentation et sa relation contingente au mal
Child Gain Approach and Loss Avoidance Behavior: Relationships With Depression Risk, Negative Mood, and Anhedonia.

Objective Reduced reward responsiveness and altered response to loss of reward are observed in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) and adolescents at increased risk for MDD based on family history. However, it is unclear whether altered behavioral responsiveness to reward/loss is a lifelong marker of MDD risk, which is evident before the normative adolescent increase in incentive responding. Method Healthy 7- to 10-year-old children of mothers with MDD (high risk: n = 27) or without MDD (low risk: n = 42) performed 2 signal detection tasks assessing response bias toward reward (approach) and away from loss (avoidance). Differences in approach/avoidance were related to MDD risk, child general depressive symptoms (maternal report), child-reported anhedonic symptoms, and child-reported negative mood symptoms via repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results MDD risk did not significantly relate to gain approach or loss avoidance. However, within high-risk children, higher numbers of maternal depressive episodes predicted blunted loss avoidance. Blunted gain approach was related to elevated anhedonic symptoms, whereas enhanced loss avoidance was related to elevated negative mood. Elevated negative mood was further related to blunted gain approach in high-risk children but related to enhanced gain approach in low-risk children. Conclusion In children, individual differences in specific depressive symptoms and recurrence of maternal depression significantly predicted gain approach/loss avoidance, but the presence/absence of maternal MDD did not. Child depressive symptoms characterized by low positive affect (anhedonia) were related to blunted gain responsiveness, whereas elevated depressed/negative mood was related to enhanced loss responsiveness. Findings suggest that relations between gain approach and negative mood may be an important distinction between those at high versus low risk for MDD.
Do we have to come to class? Experiences teaching a Web-assisted microprocessor system interfacing course

Web-assisted and Web-based courses are exciting asynchronous learning paradigms that challenge the way universities offer instruction to students. The author has taught a web-assisted microprocessor-interfacing course at Iowa State University for the past three years. The creation, management, and evaluation of the web-content definitely increased the author's workload. However, the quality of student performance was dramatically better than the performance of students that had taken the course prior to the web-content introduction. This paper outlines the course and web-content, as well as comment on successes and failures experienced throughout the course design.
A conceptual model for computer security risk analysis

Risk analysis is required by a number of organizations to provide a basis for deciding which safeguards to implement to protect information systems. A variety of risk analysis techniques and tools have been developed. Each technique or tool is based, implicitly or explicitly, on a conceptual model of risk. The high-level conceptual model of disclosure risk for information systems used in the Analysis of Networked Systems Security Risks (ANSSR) prototype is presented. >
Dialogue and Interpretation at the Interface of Man and Machine. Reflections on Textuality and a Proposal for an Experiment in Machine Reading

L'article constitue une etude theorique de la textualite et une proposition de recherche pratique, dans l'objectif final de plaider en faveur de nouvelles approches pour l'analyse de texte numerique, les modeles fondes sur le SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) ayant echoue a traiter le langage visible des textes et notamment des textes poetiques. L'A. s'appuie sur Dante et sur les propos de G. S. Brown dans son ouvrage Laws of Form pour considerer les aspects formels des documents textuels et reflechir aux manieres de communiquer ces formalites de facon satisfaisante. Il propose d'approcher le texte visible seulement, non pas en termes de son contenu semantique mais en tant que construction physiquement formee, dans l'objectif d'enseigner a la machine un ensemble de regles pour lire les textes.
Simple robust grammar induction with combinatory categorial grammars

We present a simple EM-based grammar induction algorithm for Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG) that achieves state-of-the-art performance by relying on a minimal number of very general linguistic principles. Unlike previous work on unsupervised parsing with CCGs, our approach has no prior language-specific knowledge, and discovers all categories automatically. Additionally, unlike other approaches, our grammar remains robust when parsing longer sentences, performing as well as or better than other systems. We believe this is a natural result of using an expressive grammar formalism with an extended domain of locality.
Transverse colon in a right inguinal hernia with a confusing distortion of the stomach

Summary A case of herniation of the transverse colon into an inguinal hernia is presented. An accompanying and related distortion and displacement of the stomach caused by traction on the gastrocolic ligament gave rise to a radiographic picture that was confused with a retrogastric mass. Surgical repair of the hernia restored both stomach and colon to their normal positions.
A first look at Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) for hydrological seasonal prediction

[1] NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) has transitioned to operationally use the second generation of their coupled ocean-atmosphere-land model, the Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2), with advanced physics, increased resolution and refined initialization to improve the seasonal climate forecasts. We present a first look at the capability of CFSv2 on surface air temperature and precipitation predictions based on analyzing the 28-year (1982–2009) reforecasts. These variables are primary inputs to hydrological seasonal forecast procedures. Averaged globally, the CFSv2 increases the predictive skill for month-1 land surface air temperature and precipitation from the CFSv1 by 37% and 29%, respectively. The CFSv2 has comparable performance to the latest ECMWF model, the best among the current European seasonal forecast models. The soil moisture produced by CFSv2 also provides useful information in identifying several major drought events, especially over tropical regions. Though there is limited skill beyond month-1, the CFSv2 does show promising features for advancing hydrological forecast and application studies.
Cytological Mechanisms of Calcium Carbonate Excavation by Boring Sponges

Publisher Summary Many organisms excavate calcified substrates by chemomechanical mechanisms. In marine environments, bacteria, fungi, algae, and invertebrates penetrate calcium carbonate substrates by secreting acids, chelators, or enzymes. These may function either singly or in combination. Boring bacteria, fungi, algae, and sponges penetrate calcium carbonate by chemical dissolution at the cellular level. These cellular mechanisms, particularly those utilized by sponges, are described in this chapter. Several hypotheses are presented for the cytological mode of penetration of calcium carbonate by boring bacteria, fungi, and algae. Bacteria isolated from coral skeletons are capable of digesting chitin in vitro, suggesting that the mode of carbonate breakdown is via the organic matrix of skeletal carbonates. Marine fungi penetrate calcium carbonate by first roughening and pitting the surface and then extending hyphae throughout the substrate. Soil fungi penetrate dead bone (calcium phosphate) by simultaneously dissolving both calcium phosphate and organic matrix. Resorption occurs at the site of contact of the fungal membrane with bone.
Differential thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction study of devitrification processes

This paper describes the use of DTA, in conjunction with fibre softening point measurements, in determining suitable solder glass compositions for the manufacture of devitrifiable seals to conventional glasses. The range of compositions examined was: 0 to 17 Li2O; 21 to 44 Al2O3; 0 to 23 B2O3; 29 to 47 SiO2; 0 to 12 MgO; 0 to 24 Na2O; 0 to 22 K2O; and 0 or 17 P2O5 wt%.