cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Transactional properties of compositions of Internet of Things services

Internet of Things (IoT) is about making "things" smart in some functionality, and connecting and enabling them to perform complex tasks by themselves. The functionality can be encapsulated as services and the task executed by composing the services. IoT services have monitoring and actuation capabalities, and therefore their executions may be continuous and involve triggering. These characteristics make the IoT services composition more complex than the conventional software-oriented Web services composition. Transactional properties (atomicity, retriability, compensatability and pivot) have been found useful in Web service compositions, helping modular design and verifiable execution. On the same vein, we study the transactional properties for IoT services composition in this paper. In that process, we come up with new ways of relaxing the atomicity and isolation properties of transactions that will be appropriate for the variety of IoT applications.
Endocrine and metabolic indices during administration of a lipophilic bis‐phenol, probucol

The administration of a cholesterol-lowering drug, 4,4-(isopropylidenedithio) bis(2,6-di-tbutylphenol), probucol (DH-581) at a dosage of 1,000 mg. per day for 6 months, usually did not affect other serum solutes, serum enzymes, hepatic indices, tests of thyroid function, plasma 11(OH)-corticosferoids (including diurnal variation, dexamethasone suppression, and ACTH stimulation effects), urinary creatinine, creatinine clearance, 17-ketosteroids, Porter-Silber chromogens, 11-desoxycortisol metabolites, the responses of urinary steroids to metyrapone, glucose tolerance tests, insulin and growth hormone responses to oral carbohydrate, hematologic indices including eosinophil counts in peripheral blood, or electrocardiographic tracings. Serum total cholesterol decreased in the ma;ority of the patients, but serum total triglycerides were usually unaffected. Minor changes in serum CO2, aldolase, and growth hormone were recorded in some of the treatment periods, but final values were still within the normal range.
Determination of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase alpha- and beta-isoforms and kinetic properties in mammalian liver

While Western blot analysis clearly revealed the presence of the alpha- and beta-subunits of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase in a variety of rat tissues, beta was not readily detectable in liver. This observation was consistent with a previous report indicating that Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase immunoprecipitated from rat liver gives no clear evidence for the presence of a beta-subunit (Hubert et al. Biochemistry 25: 4156-4163, 1986). However, Western blot analysis of density gradient-purified lamb and rat liver microsomes showed the presence of a protein with an approximate molecular mass of 42 kDa that was immunoreactive with beta-specific polyclonal antibodies as well as beta-directed monoclonal antibodies. Deglycosylation of this protein by N-glycosidase F generated a core protein (beta c, M(r) approximately 32,000) that had the identical electrophoretic mobility as the beta c protein of the purified kidney enzyme. Isoform-specific monoclonal and synthetic peptide-directed polyclonal antibodies were used to demonstrate the presence of only the alpha 1- and beta 1-proteins in the liver and the presence of beta 2 in rat brain. Functional studies then showed that although both rat and lamb liver enzymes had sensitivities to cardiac glycoside inhibition similar to that of their corresponding kidney enzyme, the lamb liver enzyme had higher affinities for Na+, K+, and ATP than the kidney enzyme.
Papillary carcinoma of thyroid with exuberant nodular fasciitis-like stroma. Report of three cases

Three examples of an unusual morphologic variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) are reported. The presence of a prominent stromal component resulted in low-power microscopic appearances resembling fibroadenoma, phyllodes tumor, or fibrocystic disease of the breast in two cases. The carcinomatous component grew in the form of anastomosing narrow tubules, clustered glands, solid sheets with or without squamous differentiation, and/or papillae, and exhibited the typical nuclear features of PTC. The abundant stroma had a nodular fasciitis-like quality and was composed of short fascicles of spindle cells separated by varying amounts of mucoid matrix, collagen, and extravasated red blood cells; this was interpreted as an exuberant mesenchymal reaction to the carcinoma. The importance of recognizing this variant of PTC is that, when one encounters a fibroproliferative lesion of the thyroid, a diligent search should be made for papillary carcinoma. This variant also must be distinguished from the vastly more aggressive papillary carcinomas with anaplastic transformation and the so-called carcinosarcomas.
Plastic Packaging of Eggs 1. Methods of Packaging

Abstract SOME factors that influence albumen quality changes during storage of shell eggs have long been known. Temperature control and, to some extent, evaporation control have been used as methods of preserving quality. Reduction of carbon dioxide loss from the albumen and the prevention of evaporation have been made possible by sealing the shell with oil. Oil processing has been successful in reducing albumen liquefaction, but undesirable side effects have been found. Fletcher et al. (1959) report that oil treated eggs pick up foreign flavors readily and that the process tends to lower quality. Swanson (1959) reports that these eggs do not peel well after hard cooking. The relationship between the rise in pH of the albumen and albumen liquefaction was reported by Sharp (1929). This rise is caused by release of carbon dioxide from the egg. He found that this could be prevented by holding eggs in an atmosphere containing …
Academia–Industry Symbiosis in Organic Chemistry

ConspectusCollaboration between academia and industry is a growing phenomenon within the chemistry community. These sectors have long held strong ties since academia traditionally trains the future scientists of the corporate world, but the recent drastic decrease of public funding is motivating the academic world to seek more private grants. This concept of industrial “sponsoring” is not new, and in the past, some companies granted substantial amounts of money per annum to various academic institutions in exchange for prime access to all their scientific discoveries and inventions. However, academic and industrial interests were not always aligned, and therefore the investment has become increasingly difficult to justify from industry’s point of view. With fluctuating macroeconomic factors, this type of unrestricted grant has become more rare and has been largely replaced by smaller and more focused partnerships. In our view, forging a partnership with industry can be a golden opportunity for both partie...
A randomized controlled study of psychiatric consultation guided by screening in general medical inpatients.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that psychiatric consultation would reduce health care utilization during and after medical hospitalization. METHOD A randomized, double-controlled clinical trial of psychiatric consultation was conducted on the general medical inpatient services of a university hospital. After meeting inclusion criteria, 1,541 patients were screened for depression, anxiety, confusion, and pain over a period of 21 months. The 741 patients with high levels of psychopathology or pain were subdivided into baseline control subjects (N = 232), contemporaneous control subjects (N = 253), and an experimental consultation group (N = 256). The major outcome measures were length of hospital stay and hospital costs. Secondary outcome measures were posthospital health status, rehospitalization rates, and use of outpatient medical care. RESULTS This study did not demonstrate an effect of experimental psychiatric consultation on hospital resource use or posthospital medical care utilization after adjustment was made for disease severity. Hospital resource use decreased in the entire sample over the 21-month duration of the study. CONCLUSIONS The brief, efficient screen for anxiety, depression, confusion, and pain identified a group of patients who also used more hospital resources, but a single experimental psychiatric consultation did not reduce costs. The double-controlled nature of the design proved essential to avoid being misled by background changes in hospital resource use.
Turning points in the lives of lesbian and gay adults age 50 and over

Little is known about how lesbians and gay men perceive the turning points that define their life trajectories. This study uses qualitative interview data to understand which experiences lesbian women and gay men age 50 and older identify as turning points and explore gender differences. In depth, face-to-face qualitative interviews were conducted with a subset of participants (n=33) from the Caring and Aging with Pride survey. The most common turning points identified were relationship and occupation related. Lesbians more frequently identified the break-up of a relationship and occupational and educational related experiences as turning points. Gay men more commonly indicated that the beginning of a relationship and HIV/AIDS related experiences were turning points. The turning points were analyzed according to principles of the life course theory and narrative analysis.
Lessons Learned from an Early Attempt to Implement CQI Principles in a Regulatory System

This article describes the Quality Assurance Project (1978-1982), which was developed as a demonstration project by a Wisconsin research team and was intended to implement and evaluate new methods for carrying out the regulatory roles of facility and resident assessment in Wisconsin nursing homes. The new method included (1) a screening process to distribute efforts between sanctioning and process improvement, (2) role changes that would move surveyors beyond problem identification toward education and consultation, and (3) a resident review process based on efforts to find systems-level problems. For the first three years of the project (reported here) certain principles were followed, many of which were similar to those of continuous quality improvement (CQI). Although this is an imperfect example of CQI implementation in a regulatory organization, it contains important lessons that may be helpful in integrating the CQI philosophy into other external review efforts.
Common variant in OXTR predicts growth in positive emotions from loving-kindness training

Ample research suggests that social connection reliably generates positive emotions. Oxytocin, a neuropeptide implicated in social cognition and behavior, is one biological mechanism that may influence an individual's capacity to extract positive emotions from social contexts. Because variation in certain genes may indicate underlying neurobiological differences, we tested whether several SNPs in two genes related to oxytocin signaling would show effects on positive emotions that were context-specific, depending on sociality. For six weeks, a sample of mid-life adults (N=122) participated in either socially-focused loving-kindness training or mindfulness training. During this timespan they reported their positive emotions daily. Five SNPs within OXTR and CD38 were assayed, and each was tested for its individual effect on daily emotions. The hypothesized three-way interaction between time, training type, and genetic variability emerged: Individuals homozygous for the G allele of OXTR rs1042778 experienced gains in daily positive emotions from loving-kindness training, whereas individuals with the T allele did not experience gains in positive emotions with either training. These findings are among the first to show how genetic differences in oxytocin signaling may influence an individual's capacity to experience positive emotions as a result of a socially-focused intervention.
Übelkeit und Erbrechen in der postoperativen Phase

Postoperative Nausea und Vomiting (kurz: PONV) ist definitionsgemas ein Ereignis, das in den ersten 24 h nach einer Allgemeinanasthesie, Regional- oder Lokalanasthesie auftreten kann. Neben dem postoperativen Schmerz zahlt PONV mit einer durchschnittlichen Inzidenzvon 20–30% zu den haufigsten postoperativen Komplikationen. Die Inzidenzen schwanken durch den Einfluss anasthesiologischer sowie chirurgischer und individueller Risikofaktoren stark. Verlangerte Aufwachraumzeiten, stationare Aufnahme bei ambulanten Operationen und die antiemetischeTherapie konnen das perioperative Management erschweren und Kostenfaktoren darstellen. Psychische Faktoren wie Patientenunzufriedenheit und Angst vor der Narkose bis hin zu einer erlernten Aversion werden als Ursache diskutiert. In diesem Kapitel werden Grundlagen der Physiologie, der Risikofaktoren sowie der antiemetischen Therapie vermittelt.
CHAPTER 19 – Molecular Basis of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

This chapter discusses the molecular basis of the types of primary hyperparathyroidism. Primary hyperparathyroidism is a biochemical diagnosis, and a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism is the ectopic secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by non-parathyroid tumors. Developing knowledge that led to the ultimate identification of PTH-related protein (PTHrP) as the major cause of hypercalcemia of malignancy later placed the very existence of the true ectopic PTH syndrome in doubt. However, modern highly specific immunometric assays for intact PTH, combined with molecular biologic approaches, have confirmed the occurrence of this syndrome, and the molecular basis for ectopic PTH production in one such case is identified. Because tumors may synthesize hormones without releasing them to cause an identifiable clinical syndrome, specific criteria is recognized for documenting the diagnosis of a true ectopic hormone syndrome. The multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 gene also plays an important role in sporadic hyperparathyroidism, and the function of its protein product is pursued vigorously. New tools will facilitate the identification of still other parathyroid tumor-provoking genes that, given recent evidence, are virtually certain to exist.
Challenges in Building Highly-Interactive Dialog Systems

Spoken dialog researchers have recently demonstrated highly-interactive systems in several domains. This paper considers how to build on these advances to make systems more robust, easier to develop, and more scientifically significant. We identify key challenges whose solution would lead to improvements in dialog systems and beyond.
Slow Release Nanofertilizers for Bumper Crops

Nanotechnology could improve fertilizer delivery and help with global pollution (from ACS Nano).
Apheresis education in pathology residency.

Introduction Physicians from diverse training backgrounds practice apheresis medicine. Pathology residents' exposure to apheresis may vary depending on which department performs these procedures. Milestones for Apheresis education were published in 2012, but the degree of utilization in residency curriculum development is unknown. This study describes the current state of apheresis education for pathology residents. Methods We sent a 15 question electronic survey to 141 pathology programs identified through the American Medical Association Residency and Fellowship Database. Results Forty-three (30.5%) of the 141 programs responded. Pathology performed apheresis procedures in 29 (67.4%) programs. In the remaining 14 programs, apheresis was performed by nephrology (10), hematology (4), and a regional blood center (1); in one program, both nephrology and hematology performed apheresis procedures. For combined anatomic and clinical pathology (AP/CP) residents, 26 of 28 (93%) were required to train in apheresis medicine when pathology performed the procedures compared to only 5 of 14 (36%) when they were performed by another department (P = 0.0002). For CP-only residents, 18 of 19 (95%) were required to train in apheresis medicine when pathology performed the procedures compared to 5 of 7 (71%) when they were performed by another department (P = 0.1669). Thirty (68.9%) respondents had a written apheresis medicine curriculum. Seventeen (39.5%) of the 43 respondents were aware of the Milestones for Apheresis education, and 8 (18.6%) used the milestones in creating their apheresis curriculum. Conclusions The pathology department performed apheresis procedures in two-thirds of pathology residency programs surveyed. AP/CP residents were more likely to be required to train in apheresis medicine if the pathology department performed these procedures at their institution. Apheresis medicine practitioners should review the Milestones for Apheresis education with their residency program director to optimize learning and clinical skills development.
Extraction Selectivity of a Quaternary Alkylammonium Salt for Trivalent Actinides over Trivalent Lanthanides: Does Extractant Aggregation Play a Role?

ABSTRACTThe extraction behavior of a quaternary alkylammonium salt extractant was investigated for its selectivity for trivalent actinides over trivalent lanthanides in nitrate and thiocyanate media. The selectivity was evaluated by solvent extraction experiments through radiochemical analysis of 241Am and 152/154Eu. Solvent extraction distribution and slope-analysis experiments were performed with americium(III) and europium(III) with respect to the ligand (nitrate and thiocyanate), extractant, and metal (europium only) concentrations. Further evaluation of the equilibrium expression that governs the extraction process indicated the appropriate use of the saturation method for estimation of the aggregation state of quaternary ammonium extractants in the organic phase. From the saturation method, we observed an average aggregation number of 5.4 ± 0.8 and 8.5 ± 0.9 monomers/aggregate for nitrate and thiocyanate, respectively. Through a side-by-side comparison of the nitrate and thiocyanate forms, we discus...
Continuous Redirection and Separation of Microbeads by Faradaic Ion Concentration Polarization

Herein we report that faradaic ion concentration polarization (fICP) can be used to sort and separate micron-scale objects within a bifurcated microelectrochemical device. In fICP, a bipolar electrode (BPE) is activated by a driving voltage, which results in formation of an ion depletion zone (IDZ) and an ion enrichment zone (IEZ). By judicious control of the placement of the BPE and control of the driving voltage, the IDZ and IEZ can be manipulated in a way that directs charged microbeads into a particular channel of the microelectrochemical device. The key findings are threefold. First, ∼100 % microbead redirection and separation may be achieved by fICP. Second, the tracking of microbeads as they traverse the channel length permits visualization of local variations in electroosmotic flow (EOF). Third, variations in solution conductivity in different regions of the channel lead to differences in EOF that exert a significant influence over microbead trajectory.
Economic evaluation of circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) power generation plants

Abstract: Circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) power generation technology has developed rapidly in the last 30 years, and is now fully commercial and available at sizes up to 600 MW. However, pulverized coal (PC) boiler technology remains the primary power generation technology for premium fuels and CFBC technology is used mainly to fire fuels not suited for PC applications. The chapter shows that up to 500 MW capacity CFBC plants hold a thermal and economic advantage over PC plants even when fired with premium fuels, and that this advantage is enhanced by their ability to fire low-cost ‘opportunity’ fuels. To maintain their cost competitiveness, CFBC plants need to progress to the larger sizes at which PC plants are available, 750 MW and above.
Division of Workforce and Domestic Labor Among Same-Sex Couples

This chapter provides a thorough review of the literature on same-sex couples’ division of employment, housework, and childcare, focusing specifically on income and gender roles. It also presents some methodological challenges and opportunities in using same-sex couples as a model for division of labor in the home and in the workforce.
Pericardial Herniation of Small Bowel Post Minimally Invasive Hybrid Maze of Atrial Fibrillation.

Abstract Background Herniation of intraabdominal contents into the pericardial cavity is exceptionally rare, and when seen, it is most often the result of trauma, postsurgical complication, or genetic defect. There have been only a few case reports describing spontaneous bowel herniation into the pericardium in minimally invasive cardiac procedures like cardiac ablation, pacemaker placement, and minimally invasive coronary artery bypass graft. Case Report We report the case of a 65-year-old man who presented to an urgent care center complaining of abdominal and chest pain. This patient had recently undergone a laparoscopic hybrid maze procedure and ultimately had an incarcerated loop of small bowel herniate into the pericardial sac. Why Should an Emergency Physician Be Aware of This? We present this case to increase awareness among emergency physicians of the diagnosis of a pericardial hernia in patients presenting with gastrointestinal or cardiorespiratory symptoms after surgical procedures involving the diaphragm.
Endogenous Institutions: The Case of U.S. Congressional Redistricting

We measure where and to what end parties take control of Congressional redistricting, which lets them redraw districts to favor their own candidates. We exploit the discontinuous change in a party's control of redistricting triggered when its share of seats in the state legislature exceeds 50 percent. Parties capture redistricting in states where they have suffered recent losses, which are temporarily reversed by redistricting. Opposition candidates are 11 percentage points less likely to win House elections just after redistricting. Consistent with recent Supreme Court rulings, African Americans are more likely to be segregated into overwhelmingly black districts under Republican redistricting.
The walking dead? Assessing social death among long-term prisoners

A phenomenon known as “social death” often occurs to individuals entering the penal system and is exacerbated for long-term inmates. In the current study, men who had been incarcerated for seven or...
GUSSTO: a neural network model of gustatory processing in the rat NTS and PbN

The GUSSTO model is presented to explain the earliest stages in rat gustation. The model incorporates a diverse population of receptor cell types which supply input to two serial recurrent networks of model neurons representing the Nucleus and Tractus Solitarius (NTS) and the Para-Brachial Nucleus of the pons (PbN) in the brain stem. The data compression imposed by this architecture (many receptors to few principal neurons) uses the dynamics of recurrent connections in the NTS and PbN to produce a hierarchical and distributed representation of taste quality and intensity. In GUSSTO the NTS and PbN layers possess distinct representations that emphasize different aspects of gustatory quality. The model dynamics suggest subsequent processing levels may receive the information made explicit in both the NTS and PbN representations from the PbN output alone. Single model neurons in each layer show best stimuli and the population a range of tuning broadness across model neurons comparable to their biological counterparts. The GUS-STO model provides a distributed neural mechanism that can account for these and other salient single cell properties in the NTS and PbN while the population of each layer encodes properties quality and intensity of taste stimuli.
Improved Gout Outcomes in Primary Care Using a Novel Disease Management Program: A Pilot Study.

OBJECTIVE To pilot a primary care gout management improvement intervention. METHODS Two large primary care sites were selected: 1 underwent the intervention, the other, a control, underwent no intervention. The intervention consisted of engagement of intervention-site staff, surveys of provider performance improvement preferences, and onsite live and enduring online education. Electronic health record reminders were constructed. Both the intervention and control sites had 3 quality measures assessed monthly: the percentage of gout patients treated with urate-lowering therapy, the percentage of treated patients monitored with serum urate, and the percentage of treated patients at target serum urate ≤6.0 mg/dl. The intervention-site providers received monthly reports comparing their measures against their peers. RESULTS By 6 months, the intervention site significantly improved all 3 gout performance measures. The percentage treated increased from 54.4% to 61.1% (odds ratio [OR] 1.19 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.08-1.31]; P < 0.001), the percentage monitored increased from 56.1% to 79.2% (OR 1.52 [95% CI 1.24-1.87]; P < 0.001), and the percentage at goal increased from 26.85% to 43.3% (OR 1.43 [95% CI 1.16-1.77]; P < 0.001). At 6 months after intervention, gout patients at the intervention site were more likely to be monitored (79.2% versus 53.4% [OR 3.54 (95% CI 2.30-5.45)]; P < 0.001) and at goal (43.3% versus 28.3% [OR 1.99 (95% CI 1.33-2.96)]; P < 0.001) than control-site patients. Numbers treated did not significantly improve over the control site. CONCLUSION A pilot multifaceted gout management program can significantly improve primary care gout management performance.
Apollonian and Dionysian

Since Friedrich Nietzsche discussed the Apollonian-Dionysian dichotomy in his The Birth of Tragedy, the dichotomy has been extensively applied by philosophers, by theologians, and especially by literary critics to discussions of an essential conflict between two human impulses or ideals symbolized by Apollo and Dionysus in Greek mythology. Terms generally applied to Apollo are reason, order, intellect, form, moderation, and consciousness. It was Apollo, the god of light, who defeated the primordial goddess-empowered Python and installed himself as the source of oracles at the sacred precinct of Delphi. The defeat of the Python represents the classical Greek patriarchal culture’s defeat of the old chthonic and chaotic goddess power of Gaia, the firstborn of Chaos in the Greek creation myth. Dionysus was associated with the Earth and the world rather than the sky and the heavens. He was, like Apollo, a son of Zeus but only a marginal Olympian. He was the “Mad God,” associated with ecstasy and chaotic emotions. Dionysus is the god of the grape, of drunkenness. It has become usual to suggest in various contexts that both the Apollonian and the Dionysian impulses need to be celebrated and kept in a state of balance. A work of art that is all form and no emotion is by definition inferior. The same could be said of a marriage or an athlete’s approach to sport. Nietzsche, in his discussion of tragedy, recognized the necessary tension achieved by the presence of both the Apollonian and the Dionysian. Scholars remind us, in fact, that Dionysus and Apollo in ancient Greece were not necessarily seen so much as opposites as parts of a whole. In fact, as Apollo spent part of the year at Delphi – the navel of the Earth – Dionysus spent the other part there. In terms of human psychology, the Apollonian aspect of our psyches is that which emphasizes order and self-control. That side is balanced by the Dionysian need to experience the emotional depths. Apollo, the god whose motto is “Know thyself,” is the ego overcoming the chaotic elements of the unconscious so that an ordered, sane life can be lived. Dionysus is the need to delve into that unconscious and to experience its chaos before true individuation or wholeness can be achieved. As Dionysus descended to the Underworld and returned, the voyager into the unconscious can hope for a rebirth into an Apollonian self.
Islam Nusantara: A Semantic and Symbolic Analysis

This paper presents a semantic and symbolic analysis of the concept and presentation of the concept of Islam Nusantara and the ways in which it evokes meaning and emotion to counter trans-national violent extremist movements including al-Qaeda and ISIS, based on Salafi-Wahhabi ideologies. It is based on a frame based content analysis of religious and political themes ofIslam Nusantra. I focus primarily on two films produced by Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) to promote this concept: the near feature length (83 minutes)The Blessing of Islam Nusantara (Oceans of Revelation: Islam as a Blessing for All Creation) and the much shorter (8 minutes) Launching the Film The Blessing Islam Nusantara. The first draws on elements of Sufism, Javanese and to a lesser extent other Indonesian cultures to construct a vision of Islam directly countering that of both violent and non-violent Salafi-Wahhabi extremists. The second promotes the film and Ansor’s (the NU youth organization) potential for combatting violent extremism. Theoretically, I rely on insights by Goffman’s observations concerning the ways in which semantic frames, and more specifically reframing, can alter dominance hierarchies in discourse systems and Sperber’s demonstration that symbolization is a cognitive process that evokes as well as communicates meaning and emotion.
Zero-Dimensional Carbon Allotropes-Carbon Nanoparticles Versus Fullerenes in Functionalization by Electronic Polymers for Different Optical and Redox Properties.

Fullerene cages are known as being able to participate in radical initiated copolymerization reactions with vinyl monomers for polymer-functionalized fullerenes. In this work, poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) was selected as a representative of electronic polymers in the functionalization of fullerene C60 by the same copolymerization reaction to yield the PVK–C60. Similarly found was that small carbon nanoparticles could also participate in the same copolymerization reaction for the nanoparticles to be surface-functionalized and -passivated by the attached PVK polymers, which are structurally adhering to the general definition on carbon dots (CDots), thus PVK–CDots. In the comparison between PVK–CDots and PVK–C60, the former was found to be more absorptive and therefore more effective in photon harvesting across the visible spectral region and also brightly fluorescent, orders of magnitude more so than the latter. Similar to the PVK–C60 and C60 cages in general, the PVK–CDots exhibited significant photoinduce...
Bankruptcy's Acephalous Moment: Postpetition Transfers Under the Bankruptcy Code

This article tests the constitutional structure of the bankruptcy estate in the theater of conveyances that occur after a bankruptcy petition is filed. The article advocates the view that a bankruptcy trustee is not the "absolute owner" of the bankruptcy estate but owns a lien on it. A surplus interest is owned by the debtor which can be conveyed in many situations without interference by a bankruptcy trustee. In the course of the study the article attempts to mediate between bankruptcy's automatic stay and the trustee's power to avoid postpetition conveyances under Bankruptcy Code Section 549(a).
Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of short-acting hypnosedatives: zaleplon, zolpidem and zopiclone.

Benzodiazepines have historically been the mainstay of treatment for sleeping disorders, yet they have many shortcomings. A new group of sedative hypnotic agents has been developed for this purpose. Similar to the benzodiazepines, zaleplon, zolpidem and zopiclone have activity at the GABA receptor complex, yet they appear to have more selectivity for certain subunits of the GABA receptor. This produces a clinical profile that is more efficacious with fewer side effects. Zaleplon, zolpidem and zopiclone are structurally distinct. Due to variation in binding to the GABA receptor subunits, these three compounds show subtle differences in their effect on sleep stages, and as antiepileptics, anxiolytics and amnestics.
Febrile neutropenia in the nationwide inpatient sample: In-hospital outcomes and impact of cormobidities in 2007-2012.

e18103Background: Febrile Neutropenia (FN) is associated with significant in-patient morbidity and mortality. The goal of this study is to describe the in-patient outcomes of febrile neutropenia as well as the impact of comorbid conditions through a large national dataset. Methods: Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) for years 2007-2012, FN was defined as ICD-9 codes 288.0x for a primary discharge diagnosis of neutropenia in conjunction with 780.61 and 780.6 for fever in cancer patients. Linear regression analysis assessed for annual trends in in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), and cost of stay (COS). Seasonal variations in admission rates were evaluated using ANOVA. We employed univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to elucidate the relationship between common comorbid conditions and mortality. Results: Among 55,253 cancer patients (weighted N = 264,384) admitted with FN between 2007 and 2012, there is a mean decrease in LOS from 5.78 to 5.47 days (p < 0.0001), an incr...
Cost of automotive lithium-ion batteries operating at high upper cutoff voltages

Abstract The potential for operating automotive battery packs at high upper cutoff voltages (UCV) has been explored using preliminary data on eight cathode materials. The pack level energy density, specific energy, and battery cost are calculated using the spreadsheet tool BatPaC. The tool used experimental data for some cathode materials such as the lithiated oxides of nickel manganese cobalt (NMC), nickel cobalt aluminum (NCA), layered lithium- and manganese-rich nickel manganese cobalt (LMRNMC). The half-cell data were obtained at UCVs between 4.2 and 4.7 V vs. Li/Li+. The experimental data showed LMRNMC with the highest lithiation capacity gain, increasing from 176 mAh·g−1 at 4.2 V to 260 mAh·g−1 at 4.7 V; this advantage is partly offset by its lower average voltage. Assuming optimized cell materials/design and an area-specific impedance of 12 Ω⋅cm2 for all the materials, the BatPaC results indicate that the specific energies or energy densities of the battery electric vehicle (BEV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) battery packs with the LMRNMC and NMC cathodes can exceed 180 (BEV) and 160 (PHEV) Wh·kg−1 at UCV>4.6 V vs. Li/Li+. The costs of these battery packs are lowest at UCV = 4.7 V (vs. Li/Li+); estimated at 135–145 and 210–220 $·kWh−1 for BEV and PHEV packs, respectively.
Zeta Potential Determination from Molecular Simulations

Zeta potential (ZP) is among key physical properties characterizing the behavior of nanoparticles in colloidal solutions. Despite many attempts to calculate and neatly interpret the ZP, full understanding of various factors influencing its values has not been reached yet even for standard metal-oxides, particularly when considering high ionic concentrations and the effect of temperature. This contribution extends our recent work [Langmuir 2016, 32, 10189−10198], where we suggested a direct approach to calculate the ZP from nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations. Here we investigate NaCl, RbCl, CaCl2, SrCl2, and Na2C2O4 aqueous solutions interacting with TiO2 and SiO2 surfaces, and show contrasting ZP behavior for these metal-oxides, elucidated by theoretical insights gained by molecular simulations. We show that both surface-specific and ion-specific properties play a key role in the observed electrokinetics. Additionally, we explore concentration and temperature influence on the ZP of selec...
Tricuspid Valve and Right Ventricular Function Throughout the Hybrid Palliation Strategy for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Variants.

Background:Tricuspid valve (TV) and right ventricular (RV) function are major determinants of morbidity and mortality in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). We sought to retrospec...
Trends in the Airglow Temperatures in the MLT Region—Part 2: SABER Observations and Comparisons to Model Simulations

The Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) temperature measurements at low latitudes from 89 km to 97 km were used to derive the F10.7 and Ap index trends, and the trends were compared to model simulations. The annual mean nonzonal (e.g., at the model simulation location at 18° N, 290° E) SABER temperature showed a good-to-moderate correlation with F10.7, with a trend of 4.5–5.3 K/100 SFU, and a moderate-to-weak correlation with the Ap index, with a trend of 0.1–0.3 K/nT. The annual mean zonal mean SABER temperature was found to be highly correlated with the F10.7, with a similar trend, and moderately correlated with the Ap index, with a trend in a similar range. The correlation with the Ap index was significantly improved with a slightly larger trend when the zonal mean temperature was fitted with a 1-year backward shift in the Ap index. The F10.7 (Ap index) trends in the simulated O2 and the O(1S) temperature were smaller (larger) than those in the annual mean nonzonal mean SABER temperature. The trends from the simulations were better compared to those in the annual mean zonal mean temperature. The comparisons were even better when compared to the trend results obtained from fitting with a backward shift in the Ap index.
Protein production from brewer’s spent grain via wet fractionation: process optimization and techno-economic analysis

Abstract Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is the major byproduct generated by the brewing industry. It has 50–70% fiber and 14–30% protein contents. This study investigates the technical and economic performances for producing protein-rich product (PP) from BSG using enzyme-assisted fractionation process. This was done through process optimization, scale-up verification, and techno-economic analysis (TEA). The experiment was conducted with varying enzyme (Alcalase) loadings and enzymatic hydrolysis times. The results showed that the optimal condition was using Alcalase loading of 5 μL/g with hydrolysis time of 1 h for achieving a high protein concentration (46%) in PP and protein separation efficiency (80%). Using the optimal condition, the scaled-up process resulted in a consistent PP composition and protein separation efficiency. The experimental conditions and results were input into process simulation model for determining the mass and energy flows, from which TEA is derived. For a processing plant with a capacity of 590 t wet BSG per day, the minimum selling price of PP (MSPP) to achieve a 5% return was determined to be 1044 USD/t. Sensitivity analysis revealed that Alcalase and BSG costs have the most effect on the MSPP. Besides, protein separation efficiency is an important processing parameter in determining the MSPP.
The Alphas of Beta and Idiosyncratic Volatility

We find that the relation between the idiosyncratic volatility (IVOL) anomaly and the beta anomaly is quite different at long horizons than at short horizons. IVOL has a significantly negative relation with subsequent stock returns at the short horizon of up to six months and beta does not predict stock returns at any horizon. However, both IVOL and beta significantly negatively predict stock alphas over horizons from a few months to beyond one year. At short horizons, neither anomaly can fully explain the other. At long horizons of beyond six months, the IVOL-alpha relation is explained by the beta-alpha relation. A measure of idiosyncratic volatility over a long window, popularly used by the investments industry to construct low-volatility portfolios, behaves similarly to beta in predicting returns and alphas at various horizons, and its predictive power is mostly explained by beta. Overall, IVOL and beta each has unique short-term information, but at long horizons the two anomalies appear to be the same. Our findings help reconcile a perceptional gap between academic studies and the investment industry on low volatility investing, and enrich the debate about the relation between the two low-risk anomalies.
Cross-kinks control screw dislocation strength in equiatomic bcc refractory alloys

Abstract Refractory multi-element alloys (RMEA) with body-centered cubic (bcc) structure have been the object of much research over the last decade due to their high potential as candidate materials for high-temperature applications. Most of these alloys display a remarkable strength at high temperatures, which cannot be explained by the standard model of bcc plasticity based on thermally-activated screw dislocation motion. Several works have pointed to chemical energy fluctuations as an essential aspect of RMEA strength that is not captured by standard models. In this work, we quantify the contribution of screw dislocations to the strength of equiatomic Nb-Ta-V alloys using a kinetic Monte Carlo model fitted to solution energetics obtained from atomistic calculations. In agreement with molecular dynamics simulations, we find that chemical energy fluctuations along the dislocation line lead to measurable concentrations of kinks in equilibrium in a wide temperature range. A fraction of these form cross-kink configurations, which are ultimately found to control screw dislocation motion and material strength. Our simulations (i) confirm that the evolution of cross kinks and self-pinning are strong contributors to the so-called ‘cocktail’ effect in this alloy at low temperature, and (ii) substantiate the notion that screw dislocation plasticity alone cannot explain the high temperature strength of bcc RMEA.
Superways: A Datacenter Topology for Incast-heavy workloads

Several important datacenter applications cause incast congestion, which severely degrades flow completion times of short flows and throughput of long flows. Further, because most flows are short and the incast duration is shorter than typical round-trip times, reactive mechanisms that rely on congestion control are not effective. While modern datacenter topologies provide high bisection bandwidth to support all-to-all traffic, incast is fundamentally a many-to-one traffic pattern, and therefore, requires deep buffers or high bandwidth at the network edge. We propose Superways, a heterogeneous datacenter topology that provides higher bandwidth for some servers to absorb incasts, as incasts occur only at a small number of servers that aggregate responses from other senders. Our design is based on the key observation that a small subset of servers which aggregate responses are likely to be network bound, whereas most other servers that communicate only with random servers are not. Superways can be implemented over many of the existing datacenter topologies and can be expanded flexibly without incurring high cost and cabling complexity. We also provide a heuristic for scheduling jobs in our topology to fully utilize the extra capacity. Using a real CloudLab implementation and using ns-3 simulations, we show that Superways significantly improves flow completion times and throughput over existing datacenter topologies. We also analyze cost and cabling complexity, and discuss how to expand our topology.
Localization of T cell clonotypes using spatial transcriptomics

Abstract Spatial transcriptomics is an emerging technology that measures gene expression while preserving spatial information. Here, we present a method to determine localization of specific T cell clones by obtaining T cell receptor (TCR) sequences from spatial transcriptomics assays. Our method uses an existing commercial spatial transcriptomics platform and open-source software for analysis, allowing simple and inexpensive integration with archived samples and existing laboratory workflows. Using human brain metastasis samples, we show that TCR sequences are readily obtained from human tumor tissue and that these sequences are recapitulated by single-cell sequencing methods. This technique will permit detailed studies of the spatial organization of the human T cell repertoire, such as the identification of tumor-infiltrating and tumor-excluded T cell clones.
Can obese patients undergo simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty without an increased risk of perioperative complications

Abstract Simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (simBTKA) remains controversial, especially in obese patients. Therefore, this retrospective study compared six month perioperative complications in 313 simBTKA patients. Comparison groups included 139 non-obese patients (BMI 35). Increased BMI was associated with longer tourniquet and surgical times (p
From sport to eco: A case study of driver inputs on electric vehicle efficiency

Abstract This study focuses on driver-induced changes to vehicle energy and emissions performance by altering drivetrain configurations. It defines and examines the motivations for the use of drive modes in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). Drive modes are defined as user-selectable drivetrain configurations that allow drivers to change vehicle performance aspects such as altering its propulsion status from electric to gas, changing the steering responsiveness, suspension stiffness, and regenerative braking strength. Despite the direct impact they have on the vehicle’s energy usage, greenhouse gas emissions, and local air emissions, the impact of drive modes are not traditionally measured as part of the vehicle’s performance and certification tests. The impact of drive mode choice can explain a portion of the discrepancy between PHEVs expected and on road performance as a recent study by the authors found that the use of certain modes can result in a 15–30% increase in total energy usage in a vehicle traveling at freeway speeds. This is the first study to examine the motivations for the use of these drive modes and provides an overview of PHEV drive modes, classifying them into two main mode categories (propulsion adjustment and driver experience) and eight different mode types based on their intended purpose. This is followed by a logistic regression of 11 indicators for mode usage taken from a survey of over 4,500 PHEV owning households, showing that gender and the number of long-distance trips were the most commonly associated with usage across mode types.
Static and Stationary Solutions in Weak-Field Gravity

Using the previous results on static Green functions we will demonstrate in this chapter how we can utilize them to construct the gravitational field of static and stationary mass distributions in the weak-field limit of non-local ghost-free gravity. This chapter is based on Boos et al. (Phys. Rev. D 97(8), 084021 (2018); Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 27(14), 1847022 (2018); Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 29(14), 2043027 (2020); Phys. Rev. D 101(12), 124065 (2020)).
Free Vibrations of Conical Shells

Linear shell theory was used to develop an analysis for predicting the frequency spectrum of isotropic simply supported conical shells. An experimental investigation was performed in conjunction with this analysis. The experimental frequencies were compared with the developed theory. The results were in good agreement with the theoretical analysis. The experimental data were also compared with equivalent cylindrical shell theory. This approximation gave good results for the minimum frequencies and frequencies at low circumferential wave numbers. A secondary experimental investigation was conducted for cantilevered conical shells.
Pelagic Cnidaria of Mississippi Sound and Adjacent Waters

Investigations were made in Mississippi Sound and adjacent waters from March 1968 through March 197 1 to record the occurrence and seasonality of planktonic cnidarians. About 700 plankton samples were taken from estuarine and oceanic areas. From these samples, 26 species of hydromedusae were identified, 12 of which were collected from Mississippi Sound. In addition, 25 species of siphonophorae were identified from Mississippi waters, although only 6 species were collected in Mississippi Sound. From an examination of about 500 trawl samples taken during this period, 10 species of Scyphozoa were found in Mississippi waters, 6 of which occurred in Mississippi Sound.