cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Taxonomy and molecular structure

Abstract The number of structural variants possible on the molecular level as expressed, say, by numbers of possible isomers of component molecules is here compared to the number of individuals that can make up any taxon in a finite world. One finds that the former number (the size of the combinatorial ‘master set’) is invariably vast compared to the number of individuals in a taxon. It is next pointed out that this relationship of vast multiplicity (quite different in nature from anything outside the structural world of organic compounds) can confidently be taken as the basis for what, on a more philosophical view, is described as the autonomy of organic life.
Diverse Randomized Agents Vote to Win

We investigate the power of voting among diverse, randomized software agents. With teams of computer Go agents in mind, we develop a novel theoretical model of two-stage noisy voting that builds on recent work in machine learning. This model allows us to reason about a collection of agents with different biases (determined by the first-stage noise models), which, furthermore, apply randomized algorithms to evaluate alternatives and produce votes (captured by the second-stage noise models). We analytically demonstrate that a uniform team, consisting of multiple instances of any single agent, must make a significant number of mistakes, whereas a diverse team converges to perfection as the number of agents grows. Our experiments, which pit teams of computer Go agents against strong agents, provide evidence for the effectiveness of voting when agents are diverse.
Describing Temporal Correlation Spatially in a Visual Analytics Environment

In generating and exploring hypotheses, analysts often want to know about the relationship between data values across time and space. Often, the analysis begins at a world level view in which the overall temporal trend of the data is analyzed and linear correlations between various factors are explored. However, such an analysis often fails to take into account the underlying spatial structure within the data. In this work, we present an interactive visual analytics system for exploring temporal linear correlations across a variety of spatial aggregations. Users can interactively select temporal regions of interest within a calendar view window. The correlation coefficient between the selected time series is automatically calculated and the resultant value is displayed to the user. Simultaneously, a linked geospatial viewing window of the data provides information on the temporal linear correlations of the selected spatial aggregation level. Linear correlation values between time series are displayed as a choropleth map using a divergent color scheme. Furthermore, the statistical significance of each linear correlation value is calculated and regions in which the correlation value falls within the 95% confidence interval are highlighted. In this manner, analysts are able to explore both the global temporal linear correlations, as well as the underlying spatial factors that may be influencing the overall trend.
Tetranucleotide microsatellites from the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta)

We describe primers and polymerase chain reaction conditions to amplify 15 tetranucleotide microsatellite loci from the loggerhead sea turtle ( Caretta caretta ). The primers were tested on 30 individuals that nested along the Georgia, USA coast. The primer pairs developed in this study yielded an average of 13.9 alleles per locus (range of 10–21), an average observed heterozygosity of 0.91 (range 0.79–1.00), and an average polymorphic information content of 0.88 (range 0.84–0.92).
Incidence and management of cutaneous toxicities associated with cetuximab

Cetuximab is a human/mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds to the EGF receptor, competitively inhibiting ligand binding, and inducing receptor dimerization and downregulation. Cetuximab has been active in multiple tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC), head and neck, pancreatic and lung cancers. Cetuximab has been approved by the FDA, in combination with irinotecan, for the treatment of metastatic CRC in patients refractory to irinotecan, and for use as a single agent in the treatment of recurrent metastatic CRC in patients intolerant of irinotecan-based chemotherapy. Most common toxicities are rash, diarrhea, fever, headache, nausea, hypomagnesemia and hypersensitivity reactions. Data from several clinical trials with cetuximab show a positive correlation between rash and response and/or survival. Rash occurred on 90% of patients treated with cetuximab monotherapy and grade 3 or 4 skin reactions occurred on as many as 16% of patients in the trials using cetuximab. A rash usually presents as pustular or maculopapular follicular eruption, often referred to as acneiform. Cetuximab will engage in productive dimerization complexes in human skin causing significant disruption of the normal development and maintenance of the hair follicle, which leads to follicular response and inflammatory response. At this time there are no standard or evidence-based treatment plans for the rash. Most of the evidence is based on institutional or personal experiences. The most commonly used agents are topical antibiotics, oral antibiotics, topical steroids, systemic immunomodulatory agents, topical immunomodulatory agents and anti-inflammatory preparations. As cetuximab is becoming widely used in general oncology practice, it is important to understand the toxicity of rash to develop practice guidelines for their management. This review addresses recommendations for toxicity management of rash caused by cetuximab in treatment of metatstatic CRC.
Estrogen Modulates Microglial Inflammatory Mediator Production via Interactions with Estrogen Receptor β

Estrogens are well known to exert antiinflammatory effects outside the central nervous system (CNS). They have also been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in the CNS after several types of injury, including neurodegeneration. However, the molecular mechanisms by which these effects occur remain unclear. Because microglial hyperactivation and their production of neurotoxins is associated with many types of brain injury for which estrogens are beneficial, we sought to investigate the ability of estrogen to modulate microglial function. Furthermore, because little is known regarding the role of each of the two known estrogen receptors (ERs) in microglia, our studies were designed to test the hypothesis that 17β-estradiol (E2) exerts antiinflammatory effects in microglia, specifically via interactions with ERβ. We tested this hypothesis using the murine microglial cell line BV-2, which naturally expresses only ERβ. Our results indicate that not only does E2 decrease lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated ni...
Quantitative analysis of software: challenges and recent advances (Invited Lecture)

Even with impressive advances in formal methods over the last few decades, some problems in automatic verification remain challenging. Central amongst these is the verification of quantitative properties of software such as execution time or energy usage. This paper discusses the main challenges for quantitative analysis of software in cyber-physical systems. It also presents a new approach to this problem based on the combination of inductive inference with deductive reasoning. The approach has been implemented for timing analysis in a system called GameTime.
Microsatellite markers for the West Indian fruit fly (Anastrepha obliqua) and cross species amplification in related pest species

We isolated thirteen polymorphic microsatellite loci from Anastrepha obliqua using a dual-suppression polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. These loci provided microsatellite markers with polymorphism of two to eight alleles per locus within different Mexican populations. The expected and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.125 to 0.820 and 0.095 to 0.783, respectively. These markers may be effective for analyzing population genetics and related study of A. obliqua. Cross-species amplification was noticed with ten out of thirteen microsatellite loci in four closely rated Anastrepha species.
Enhancement of EMT6/SF tumor cell killing by mitomycin C and cyclophosphamide following in vivo administration of buthionine sulfoximine.

Abstract We have examined the effect of L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) treatment on the subsequent cytotoxicity of mitomycin C (Mit C) and cyclophosphamide (CYC) in EMT6/SF tumors growing in Balb/c mice. GSH content in tumors decreased to a minimum level (less than 30% of control) 12 hr after a single injection of 5 mmole/kg of BSO. The recovery of tumor GSH was protracted and did not reach control levels up to 24 hr following BSO administration. Mit C and CYC were administered 12 hr after BSO injection. Tumor cell survival reached almost the same minimum level (SF = 0.050-0.06%) 1 hour after Mit C (10 mg/kg) treatment with or without BSO. However, 24 hr after Mit C treatment, survival had increased 36-fold (SF = 1.9%) in non-BSO-treated tumors compared to only 4-fold (SF = 0.3%) in the BSO-treated tumors. A dose modifying factor (DMF) of 1.4–1.8 was observed for BSO-pretreated tumors assayed 24 hr after Mit C administration. In CYC-treated tumors, minimum surviving fractions were found 4 hr after CYC treatment with or without BSO treatment. These minimum survival levels were almost the same in BSO-treated tumors following 100 mg/kg CYC (SF = 0.03%) as in control tumors treated with 150 mg/kg CYC (SF = 0.04%). The same increase in cell survival was observed when tumor excision and assay were delayed 24 hr following CYC administration with or without prior BSO treatment. BSO treatment enhanced the cytotoxicity of CYC by DMFs of 1.6–1.9 based on the 24 hr excision assay. Depletion of tumor GSH by BSO caused enhancement of tumor cell killing by the two chemotherapy agents studied, either by increasing cytotoxicity, in the case of CYC or by decreasing PLD recovery following Mit C.
Familial Frontotemporal Dementia: From Gene Discovery to Clinical Molecular Diagnostics

Genetic testing is important for diagnosis and prediction of many diseases. The development of a clinical genetic test can be rapid for common disorders, but for rare genetic disorders this process can take years, if it occurs at all. We review the path from gene discovery to development of a clinical genetic test, using frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17) as an example of a complex, rare genetic condition. An Institutional Review Board-approved multidisciplinary research program was developed to identify patients with familial frontotemporal dementia. Genetic counseling is provided and DNA obtained to identify mutations associated with FTDP-17. In some cases it may be appropriate for individuals to be given the opportunity to learn information from the research study to prevent unnecessary diagnostic studies or the utilization of inappropriate therapies, and to make predictive testing possible. Mutations identified in a research laboratory must be confirmed in a clinical laboratory to be used clinically. To facilitate the development of clinical genetic testing for a rare disorder, it is useful for a research laboratory to partner with a clinical laboratory. Most clinical molecular assays are developed in research laboratories and must be properly validated. We conclude that the transition of genetic testing for rare diseases from the research laboratory to the clinical laboratory requires a validation process that maintains the quality-control elements necessary for genetic testing but is flexible enough to permit testing to be developed for the benefit of patients and families.
Transient analysis of distributed electromagnetic systems exhibiting stochastic variability in material parameters

The mathematical framework of polynomial chaos is used to develop an FDTD-based model for transient electromagnetic wave interaction with stochastic media. Making use of orthogonal polynomials for the expansion of the stochastic material quantities and the unknown electromagnetic fields in the probability space of interest, a model is put forward that, in principle, allows for the direct calculation of the resulting stochastic electromagnetic response through a standard FDTD integration of a deterministic system with state variables the coefficients in the polynomial chaos expansion of the stochastic electric and magnetic field time histories at the nodes of the finite difference grid. The resulting computer model is demonstrated through the transient simulation of electromagnetic wave interactions with inhomogeneous dielectric regions inside two-dimensional parallel-plate waveguides.
New advances for wedding optimization and simulation

Many real world problems in optimization are too complex to be given tractable mathematical formulations. Multiple nonlinearities, combinatorial relationships and uncertainties often render challenging practical problems inaccessible to modeling except by resorting to simulation-an outcome that poses grave difficulties for classical optimization methods. In such situations, recourse is commonly made to itemizing a series of scenarios in the hope that at least one will give an acceptable solution. Consequently, a long standing goal in both the optimization and simulation communities has been to create a way to guide a series of simulations to produce high quality solutions, in the absence of tractable mathematical structures. Recent innovations for integrating metaheuristics, classical optimization and artificial intelligence have produced a practical software system, called OptQuest, that is capable of guiding a series of simulations to uncover optimal or near optimal solution scenarios. The advances represented by this new system open new doors for simulation as well as extending the areas to which optimization can be applied. Within the brief span since it has come into existence, OptQuest has been used in several thousand real world applications that combine simulation and optimization, and has also been used to determine optimal parameters for other computer based decision tools, to increase their effectiveness.
Body fatness during childhood and adolescence and incidence of breast cancer in premenopausal women: a prospective cohort study

Body mass index (BMI) during adulthood is inversely related to the incidence of premenopausal breast cancer, but the role of body fatness earlier in life is less clear. We examined prospectively the relation between body fatness during childhood and adolescence and the incidence of breast cancer in premenopausal women. Participants were 109,267 premenopausal women in the Nurses' Health Study II who recalled their body fatness at ages 5, 10 and 20 years using a validated 9-level figure drawing. Over 12 years of follow up, 1318 incident cases of breast cancer were identified. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to compute relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for body fatness at each age and for average childhood (ages 5–10 years) and adolescent (ages 10–20 years) fatness. Body fatness at each age was inversely associated with premenopausal breast cancer incidence; the multivariate RRs were 0.48 (95% CI 0.35–0.55) and 0.57 (95% CI 0.39–0.83) for the most overweight compared with the most lean in childhood and adolescence, respectively (P for trend < 0.0001). The association for childhood body fatness was only slightly attenuated after adjustment for later BMI, with a multivariate RR of 0.52 (95% CI 0.38–0.71) for the most overweight compared with the most lean (P for trend = 0.001). Adjustment for menstrual cycle characteristics had little impact on the association. Greater body fatness during childhood and adolescence is associated with reduced incidence of premenopausal breast cancer, independent of adult BMI and menstrual cycle characteristics.
Network lag mitigation methods in collaborative distributed simulations

One of the known problems with shared object manipulation in collaborative virtual environments (CVE) is the disruptive effect of network lag in collaboration sessions. It is widely recognized that delay and jitter cause significant problems for CVEs. Most solutions to this problem revolve around techniques to compensate for this lag at the networking level. More recently, the usage of visual cues indicating network lag to the user have shown to be effective. In this article we examine both approaches using a collaborative tele-haptic application, during which we also introduce a novel technique for decorator-based mitigation for closely-coupled tasks. We conclude that while both techniques can be effective, the combination of both will lead to best results
Observing pose and motion through contact

Investigates how to "observe" a planar object being pushed by a finger. The pushing is governed by a nonlinear system that relates through contact the object pose and motion to the finger motion. Nonlinear observability theory is employed to show that the contact information is often sufficient for the finger to determine not only the pose but also the motion of the object. Therefore a sensing strategy can be realized as an observer of the nonlinear dynamical system, which is subsequently introduced. The observer based on the result of Gauthier et al. (1992), has its "gain" determined by the solution of a Lyapunov-like equation. Simulations have been done to demonstrate the feasibility of the observer. A sensor has been implemented using strain gauges and mounted on an Adept robot with which preliminary experiments have been conducted from a general perspective, this work presents an approach for acquiring geometric and dynamical information about a task from a small amount of tactile data, with the application of nonlinear observability theory.
The Econometrics of Event Studies

The number of published event studies exceeds 500, and the literature continues to grow. We provide an overview of event study methods. Short-horizon methods are quite reliable. While long-horizon methods have improved, serious limitations remain. A challenge is to continue to refine long-horizon methods. We present new evidence that properties of event study methods can vary by calendar time period and can depend on event sample firm characteristics such as volatility. This reinforces the importance of examining event study statistical properties for non-randomly selected samples.
SiGe HBT power amplifier with distortion-controllable bias circuit and its application to 802.11g wireless LANs

This paper describes a SiGe HBT power amplifier with distortion-controllable bias circuits. MOSFETs employed in the bias circuits enable us to control the distortion of power amplifiers by adjusting the gate voltages. The power amplifier MMIC for 802.11lg wireless LANs fabricated using the technique exhibited excellent linearity and efficiency: a linear output power of 18.3 dBm and a power-added efficiency of 16% were achieved at an EVM of 3%, measured with 54 Mbps 64-QAM OFDM signals at 2.45 GHz.
An Improved Heuristic for Multilevel Lot Sizing in Material Requirements Planning

Improvement on existing techniques for multilevel lot sizing in material requirements planning was sought by developing a theoretical and mathematical basis for the problem. Such a foundation was employed to design a heuristic which was superior in both cost performance and computational efficiency, and provided consistent results regardless of designated environmental factors. This represents a significant advantage over other algorithms tested here and within the literature, in that their performances are dependent upon various lot-sizing environmental factors. The heuristic is based on the technique for order placement and sizing (TOPS), a single-item technique, and utilizes a mechanism for linking interdependent lot-sizing decisions. The inputs are applied in a sequential manner to constitute sequential TOPS with incremental look-down (STIL). A two-phase experimental design was employed to evaluate the performance of STIL against optimality and other heuristics. Results from the initial phase of simplified problems revealed practical indifference from optimality for the new algorithm. Phase 2 emphasized the relative strength and consistency of the proposed heuristic versus all other rules tested over more difficult examples. The final stage also indentified environments in which STIL performed particularly well. These were more descriptive of common industrial settings than were cases in which existing methods have been shown to be effective.
Clicking 1,2,4,5-tetrazine and cyclooctynes with tunable reaction rates.

Substituted tetrazines have been found to undergo facile inverse electron demand Diels–Alder reactions with “tunable” reaction rates.
5A-5 64 × 64 2-D Array Transducer with Row-Column Addressing

We present experimental results from a prototype 5 MHz, 64 times 64 (4096 elements, 16 mm times 16 mm) 2D array transducer with row-column addressing. The main benefits of our design are a reduced number of interconnects, a T/R switching scheme with a simple diode circuit, and an ability to perform transmit and receive beamforming. With transmit beamforming in elevational direction and receive beamforming in azimuth direction, it is possible to perform 3D imaging of targets near the transducer. The series resonant impedance was measured at 120 Ohms near 5.5 MHz. The spectrum of the pulse has a center frequency of 5.6 MHz and a -6 dB fractional bandwidth of 43%. In azimuth direction with receive beamforming, we measured the -6 dB width to be 1.22 mm at a depth of 55 mm compared to a theoretical beamwidth of 0.91 mm. In elevational direction with transmit beamforming, -6 dB width was 0.92 mm at a depth of 27 mm compared to a theoretical beamwidth of 0.45 mm. Finally, we introduce results from 266 times 266 2D array transducer
A method for grading hips.

1. A method has been described whereby the disability of hip disease, bilateral or unilateral, can be graded, and the quality of result following arthroplasty assessed, on a scale of numerical values. 2. The grade expresses the condition of the entire patient, rather than that of the hip joint alone. 3. Certain clinical criteria and physical tests have been adopted as the bases for scoring. The calculation of the patient9s total score has been weighted to emphasise mobility, and to provide a more critical measure of the success of arthroplasty. Subjective tests (aside from the patient9s estimate of his pain) are avoided, to provide as objective and accurate a method of assessment as possible.
The Uniqueness of Rock-Paper-Scissors-Lizard-Spock

We show that the extension of Rock-Paper-Scissors to include Lizard and Spock is the unique such five move fair game up to isomorphism. We also categorize all analogous six move fair games.
Incrementation: Part Three

Expressions relative to incremental polar decomposition are given. The relationships between the deformation gradient and the orthogonal rotation tensor and the right and left stretches are given. From this, the expression for the incremental deformation gradient, in terms of the rotation tensor and the right stretch tensor, and their respective increments, is obtained. Since the obtained expression is approximate, correct to the first order, a correction term, the product of the two incremental terms, is added to the expression. An expression for the exact value is also given. An expression for the incremental Green-Lagrange strain, in terms of the right stretch tensor and the incremental right stretch tensor, correct to the first order, is given. A correction term, expressed as a function of the incremental right stretch tensor, is provided. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the application of the developed incremental polar decomposition formulation.
Long-term Incremental load Exercise in Female Rats Bone Ultrastructure Changes

The purpose of long-term incremental changes in load exercise in female rats bone ultrastructure.200 3 months after a 17 week incremental exercise,the use of transmission electron microscopy(TEM) observation of long-term increments Treadmill Exercise on the ultrastructure of the female rat femur,test and analysis of bone formation and resorption biochemical markers the changes.The results of BUN,(1) according to the estrous cycle inhibition rate of body weight,BMD,and other indicators of test results can determine the success of this experimental animal models of construction.(2) transmission electron microscopy(TEM),experimental results show that 4,9 weeks of exercise training had no significant effect of rat bone ultrastructure,13,15,17 Zhou Daqiang incremental exercise on the ultrastructure of rat bone significant qualitative comparative ultrastructural damage than the same period in the control group significantly different;(3)Biochemical indicators of changes in trends suggest that as exercise intensity increased bone in the high conversion state,combined with the BMD results to judge bone resorption than bone formation.Conclusion The experimental Menstrual Cycle check BUN and sports,the BMD change confirmed,as the exercise intensity increased,the rat estrous cycle significantly disordered,obviously inhibit the normal physiological function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis.Bone ultrastructure of the nine weeks before the exercise group than the control group over the same period no significant differences,confirming the appropriate exercise intensity on rat bone tissue has a good,high-intensity incremental movement of the load in rats after 9 weeks the negative effects of the femur ultrastructure;exception with site-specific bone ultrastructure in rats.17 weeks incremental movement of the load in high conversion lead to rat bone resorption advantage.
Ultrafast strong-field photoelectron emission from biased metal surfaces: exact solution to time-dependent Schrödinger Equation

Laser-driven ultrafast electron emission offers the possibility of manipulation and control of coherent electron motion in ultrashort spatiotemporal scales. Here, an analytical solution is constructed for the highly nonlinear electron emission from a dc biased metal surface illuminated by a single frequency laser, by solving the time-dependent Schrodinger equation exactly. The solution is valid for arbitrary combinations of dc electric field, laser electric field, laser frequency, metal work function and Fermi level. Various emission mechanisms, such as multiphoton absorption or emission, optical or dc field emission, are all included in this single formulation. The transition between different emission processes is analyzed in detail. The time-dependent emission current reveals that intense current modulation may be possible even with a low intensity laser, by merely increasing the applied dc bias. The results provide insights into the electron pulse generation and manipulation for many novel applications based on ultrafast laser-induced electron emission.
Proposal for a bulk material based on a monolayer FeSe on SrTiO 3 high-temperature superconductor

Motivated by the high superconducting transition temperature of monolayer FeSe on ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$, we propose a potential three-dimensional high-temperature superconductor superlattice FeSe-${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ and study its structural stability and electronic structure using density functional theory. We find that the binding energy between the FeSe and ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ layers is about $\ensuremath{\sim}0.7$ eV per (${\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{Se}}_{2}$) unit and that it saturates already within a single ${\mathrm{TiO}}_{2}$ atomic layer of ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$. In addition we analyzed the dynamical stability of the superlattice and compared it to the case of bulk ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$.
Low-complexity Scalable Authentication algorithm with Imperfect Shared Keys for Internet of Things

Public key based authentication is not amenable for implementation in IoT environments due to its high complexity and resource requirements. In this paper, we propose a low-complexity scalable authentication framework suitable for low-power IoT environments and applications that uses physical layer information obtained from prior legitimate communications between the two parties as the source of shared secrecy. As in any physical layer information based authentication, we assume that each terminal generates a key at its side with its own channel measurements using a half-duplex radio and independent noise; hence, the extracted information (e.g., SNR values) or bit sequences after a quantization process are usually non-identical. In our approach, no part of the shared information (perfect or imperfect) is ever transmitted just for reconciliation of such differences. Our method allows a proper authentication in the event of some bit mismatches and handles them based on certain key properties of the Golay codes that we observed. The adversarial capability for obtaining successful authentication is shown to be extremely low.
Sodium Extraction from NASICON-Structured Na3MnTi(PO4)3 through Mn(III)/Mn(II) and Mn(IV)/Mn(III) Redox Couples

Sodium extraction behavior in the rhombohedral Na3MnTi(PO4)3 with the NASICON structure was investigated and shown to have a 0.5 eV separation of the localized-electron Mn3+/Mn2+ and Mn4+/Mn3+ redox energies. Used as a cathode in a sodium-ion half-cell, the redox couples of Mn3+/Mn2+ and Mn4+/Mn3+ exhibit two voltage plateaus located at about 3.6 and 4.1 V vs Na+/Na, respectively. Na3MnTi(PO4)3 also exhibits a small volume change after the extraction of two sodium ions, and the NASICON structure is well-maintained after repeated extraction and insertion of sodium ions.
Distinct responses to predictable and unpredictable threat in anxiety pathologies: effect of panic attack.

Abstract Background Delineating specific clinical phenotypes of anxiety disorders is a crucial step toward better classification and understanding of these conditions. The present study sought to identify differential aversive responses to predictable and unpredictable threat of shock in healthy comparisons and in nonmedicated anxiety patients with and without a history of panic attacks (PAs). Methods In this study, 143 adults (72 healthy control subjects; 71 patients with generalized, social, or both generalized and social anxiety disorders, 24 with and 47 without PAs) were exposed to three conditions: 1) predictable shocks signaled by a cue, 2) unpredictable shocks, and 3) no shock. Startle magnitude was used to assess aversive responses. Results Across disorders, a history of PAs was specifically associated with hypersensitivity to unpredictable threat. By disorder, social anxiety disorder was associated with hypersensitivity to predictable threat, whereas generalized anxiety disorder was associated with exaggerated baseline startle. Conclusions These results identified three physiological patterns. The first is hypersensitivity to unpredictable threat in individuals with PAs. The second is hypersensitivity to predictable threat, which characterizes social anxiety disorder. The third is enhanced baseline startle in generalized anxiety disorder, which may reflect propensity for self-generated anxious thoughts in the absence of imminent danger. These results inform current thinking by linking specific clinical features to particular physiology profiles.
Electrochemical deterioration of semi-conducting glaze on insulator surfaces

A successful accelerated corrosion test method, the wick test, has been developed to simulate the corrosion process of semi-conductively glazed material in actual operation. The wick test is efficient and reproduces the characteristics of semi-conducting glaze corrosion that can be expected to occur under operating conditions. Through wick test, some of the parameters affecting the deterioration rate were studied.
Privacy, security, and the public health researcher in the era of electronic health record research

Health data derived from electronic health records are increasingly utilized in large-scale population health analyses. Going hand in hand with this increase in data is an increasing number of data breaches. Ensuring privacy and security of these data is a shared responsibility between the public health researcher, collaborators, and their institutions. In this article, we review the requirements of data privacy and security and discuss epidemiologic implications of emerging technologies from the computer science community that can be used for health data. In order to ensure that our needs as researchers are captured in these technologies, we must engage in the dialogue surrounding the development of these tools.
Sugli integrali invarianti in spazi generali: Conferenza tenuta il 28 marzo 1958

La nozione diA-integrale sembra adatta allo studio degli integrali invarianti in spazi di dimensione arbitraria. La definizione di questi e data qui sotto. In particolare l’integrale classico diDaniell e un caso speciale d’unA-integrale. Un esempio e dato d’unA-integrale che e definito su un’algebra diBanach di funzioni continue ƒ(x), dovex e un punto sulla sfera di raggio 1 d’uno spazio diHilbert, e che e invariante sotto tutte le rotazioni dalla sfera in se.
Exploring the Relevance of Items in the Communicative Participation Item Bank (CPIB) for Individuals With Hearing Loss.

Purpose The Communicative Participation Item Bank (CPIB) was developed to evaluate participation restrictions in communication situations for individuals with speech and language disorders. This st...
Quantum superradiant amplification in rubidium vapors: gain assessment

New approaches for generating coherent light are of great interest due to the increasing demand for unique sources tailored to specific applications. In fields like microscopy, remote sensing, and soft X-ray/XUV lasers this interest is especially pronounced, as novel laser sources would have a profound impact on those technologies. Here, we evaluate the possibility for generating coherent light by inducing collective coherence in the gain medium.
Integrating the HEXACO model with the Triarchic conceptualization of psychopathy

Abstract The current study contributes to the ongoing debate about the nature of psychopathic traits by examining the convergence between a measure of the Triarchic model of psychopathy (Boldness, Meanness, and Disinhibition; Patrick, Fowles, & Krueger, 2009) and the HEXACO model of personality (e.g., Ashton & Lee, 2007) using a sample of 545 undergraduates. There was substantial overlap between the two inventories. Boldness was primarily associated with (low) Emotionality and Extraversion. Meanness was mostly associated with (low) Honestly-Humility and Emotionality whereas Disinhibition had a strong negative correlation with Conscientiousness. Measures of the Triarchic traits provided some evidence of incremental utility over the HEXACO domains in predicting scores on relevant external correlates (e.g., self-esteem, maladaptive personality traits). Results further clarify the Triarchic constructs and support arguments that many psychopathic traits are extreme variants of normal personality traits.
ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES AND DMSO AFFECT MYCELIAL GROWTH AND PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE BIOSYNTHESIS IN AN ENTOMOPATHIC FUNGUS

The effect of three organophosphate pesticides, dichlorvos, edifenphos, and methyl parathion on growth of the entomopathic fungus, Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson was examined under laboratory conditions. Each of the 3 pesticides with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) carrier reduced weight gain of mycelia by up to 54% of controls. Dichlorvos without DMSO solvent decreased weight gain by only 18%. These pesticides were also tested with and without DMSO (0.5 to 5%) for their effect on the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) in N. rileyi by monitoring transmethylation of 14C-methyl from methionine into phosphatidylcholine (PC). Edifenphos had no effect at 1 ppm, but caused a 45% decrease in 14C incorporation into PC at 10 PPM, and an 89% decrease at 100 PPM. Methyl parathion and dichlorvos decreased incorporation of 14C only at 100 ppm. DMSO at a 5% concentration decreased weight gain of mycelia by 53% but increased 14C labelling of PC by 70%. Methyl parathion and dichlorvos insecticides in combination with DM...
Multiscale Modeling of the Three-Dimensional Meniscus Shape of a Wetting Liquid Film on Micro-/Nanostructured Surfaces.

The design of structured surfaces for increasing the heat flux dissipated during boiling and evaporation processes via enhanced liquid rewetting requires prediction of the liquid meniscus shape on these surfaces. In this study, a general continuum model is developed to predict the three-dimensional meniscus shape of liquid films on micro-/nano-structured surfaces based on a minimization of the system free energy that includes solid–liquid van der Waals interaction energy, surface energy, and gravitational potential. The continuum model is validated at the nanoscale against molecular dynamics simulations of water films on gold surfaces with pyramidal indentations, and against experimental measurements of water films on silicon V-groove channels at the microscale. The validated model is used to investigate the effect of film thickness and surface structure depth on the meniscus shape. The meniscus is shown to become more conformal with the surface structure as the film thickness decreases and the structure ...
Teaching NeuroImages: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy masquerading as neuromyelitis optica.

A 22-year-old woman presented with photopsia, sensory loss, and paresthesia over both lower extremities, visual scotomas, and painless binocular vision loss over 5 months. MRI showed T2 hyperintensities near the optic chiasm (figure 1, B and C), floor of the fourth ventricle and the colliculi (figure 2, A–F), and central gray matter of the spinal cord (figure 1A). CSF analysis was notable for elevated glucose and lactate; oligoclonal bands, immunoglobulin G index, and aquaporin-4 antibodies were negative. Her maternal uncle has Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and a genetic analysis confirmed an m.3460 G>A mitochondrial DNA point mutation.
Multi-port test data supply system

IBM has developed a Test Data Supply System that not only supports the typical automatic test generation system but also provides a number of ports for the entry of additional test commands. A high-level language has been developed to support this capability in both the laboratory and manufacturing environment. This system supports a variety of IBM and vendor testers and can produce both static and dynamic test patterns. The multi-port entry system provides a number of distinct advantages to both the development and manufacturing engineer.
Response Functions and System Reliability of Bridges

Redundancy of a structural system is defined as the capability of the system to carry additional loads after the failure of one or more of its components. Research studies to include redundancy in the U.S. bridge design and evaluation codes are underway. These efforts are based on calibrating system factors that could be added to the checking equations. The purpose of these system factors is to “reward” redundant designs by allowing savings in required member capacities, and “penalize” nonredundant designs by requiring their members to be more conservative. The calibration process uses a target redundancy index as the safety criterion that bridges should satisfy. The redundancy index is defined as the difference between the reliability index of the bridge system and the reliability index of the members. This paper illustrates the method proposed to calculate the redundancy indices of typical bridges. The member safety index is calculated, as traditionally done, using the results of an elastic analysis of the bridge. The system reliability index accounts for the nonlinear behavior of the bridge system and the redistribution of the applied loads after the failure of a member. In this paper, the response function (response surface) method is used to calculate the system safety indices of typical multi-beam steel and prestressed concrete bridges. System factors are then calibrated to reflect the level of redundancy that different bridge configurations possess.
Associations of exercise ankle–brachial index, pain-free walking distance and maximum walking distance with the Peripheral Artery Questionnaire: finding from the PORTRAIT PAD Registry

An exercise ankle-brachial index (ABI) test can provide further insight into the functional significance of peripheral artery disease (PAD). The variability in its use, associated patient factors and its relation to patients' symptoms are unknown. From the international PORTRAIT registry, we identified 1131 patients with PAD. We fit a hierarchical logistic regression model, adjusting for patient factors, country and site, to examine predictors of and variation in ordering exercise ABI testing. We also examined the associations between test components and health status as quantified by the Peripheral Artery Questionnaire (PAQ) using semi-parametric regression methods. Testing was ordered in 22% in the United States versus 80% in the Netherlands and 90% in Australia. Testing was likely to be performed if the patient was male, younger, had typical symptoms and a higher resting ABI, with substantial variability across sites (median odds ratio=5.9, 95% CI: 3.2-19.5). Adjusting for country and site, the resting ABI and all exercise ABI metrics were associated with the PAQ Physical Limitation score. In addition, important components of the test, namely time to onset of claudication, pain-free walking distance (PFWD), and maximum walking distance (MWD), were also associated with PAQ Symptoms and Summary scores. More importantly, even after adjusting for resting ABI, a patient with a post-exercise ABI of 0.29 (25th percentile), compared to 0.61 (75th percentile), achieved 4.4 (95% CI: 0.4-8.4, p=0.031) points less on the PAQ Physical Limitation score. Exercise ABI test use is remarkably variable, and less used in the United States. Its data, specifically PFWD and MWD, might help in objectively assessing the impact of PAD on patients' functioning and quality of life.
Assessment and Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects approximately 250 thousand individuals living in the United States or about 50 to 60 individuals per 100 thousand (Maloney, 1985; National Institutes of Health, 1984). The majority of individuals with MS are between the ages of 15 and 50 and typically experience initial symptoms of the disorder between the ages of 25 and 35. Females have a disproportionately higher rate of MS than do males; some reports indicate that approximately twice as many women as men have a diagnosis of MS (Kurtzke, 1983a; Sibley, Bamford, & Clark, 1984). MS also appears related to race; for example, there is a lower frequency of the disorder in Japanese-Americans and in Japan (Kurtzke, 1983a).
STEREOTACTIC RADIOABLATION AS COMPASSIONATE USE FOR REFRACTORY VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has been shown to be effective in treating patients with refractory ventricular tachycardia, but preclinical data suggest a time-to-effect of several weeks. We performed palliative, cardiac radioablation in patients with ventricular tachycardia refractory
Early Prediction of Prognosis in Elderly Acute Stroke Patients.

Acute stroke has a high morbidity and mortality in elderly population. Baseline confounding illnesses, initial clinical examination, and basic laboratory tests may impact prognostics. In this study, we aimed to establish a model for predicting in-hospital mortality based on clinical data available within 12 hours of hospital admission in elderly (≥ 65 age) patients who experienced stroke. Design Retrospective observational cohort study. Setting Academic comprehensive stroke center. Patients Elderly acute stroke patients-2005-2009 (n = 462), 2010-2012 (n = 122), and 2016-2017 (n = 123). Interventions None. Measurements and main results After institutional review board approval, we retrospectively queried elderly stroke patients' data from 2005 to 2009 (training dataset) to build a model to predict mortality. We designed a multivariable logistic regression model as a function of baseline severity of illness and laboratory tests, developed a nomogram, and applied it to patients from 2010 to 2012. Due to updated guidelines in 2013, we revalidated our model (2016-2017). The final model included stroke type (intracerebral hemorrhage vs ischemic stroke: odds ratio [95% CI] of 0.92 [0.50-1.68] and subarachnoid hemorrhage vs ischemic stroke: 1.0 [0.40-2.49]), year (1.01 [0.66-1.53]), age (1.78 [1.20-2.65] per 10 yr), smoking (8.0 [2.4-26.7]), mean arterial pressure less than 60 mm Hg (3.08 [1.67-5.67]), Glasgow Coma Scale (0.73 [0.66-0.80] per 1 point increment), WBC less than 11 K (0.31 [0.16-0.60]), creatinine (1.76 [1.17-2.64] for 2 vs 1), congestive heart failure (2.49 [1.06-5.82]), and warfarin (2.29 [1.17-4.47]). In summary, age, smoking, congestive heart failure, warfarin use, Glasgow Coma Scale, mean arterial pressure less than 60 mm Hg, admission WBC, and creatinine levels were independently associated with mortality in our training cohort. The model had internal area under the curve of 0.83 (0.79-0.89) after adjustment for over-fitting, indicating excellent discrimination. When applied to the test data from 2010 to 2012, the nomogram accurately predicted mortality with area under the curve of 0.79 (0.71-0.87) and scaled Brier's score of 0.17. Revalidation of the same model in the recent dataset from 2016 to 2017 confirmed accurate prediction with area under the curve of 0.83 (0.75-0.91) and scaled Brier's score of 0.27. Conclusions Baseline medical problems, clinical severity, and basic laboratory tests available within the first 12 hours of admission provided strong independent predictors of in-hospital mortality in elderly acute stroke patients. Our nomogram may guide interventions to improve acute care of stroke.
Offline Worker Selection for Real-Time Spatial Crowdsourcing Multi-Worker Tasks

Spatial crowdsourcing consists of location-specific tasks that require people to be physically at specific locations to complete them. In this paper we focus on worker selection for spatial crowdsourcing where each task requires multiple workers to accomplish. We mathematically formulate the problem and prove its APX-hardness. We develop efficient greedy algorithms with a good approximation ratio. Compared with state-of-the art approach, our proposed algorithm outperforms by 35%.
Digital Measurement Method of Power Load Change in Port Power Supply

ABSTRACT Huang, T.; Guo, Z.; Wu, Z.; Zheng, Z., and Wang, C., 2019. Digital measurement method of power load change in port power supply. In: Guido-Aldana, P.A. and Mulahasan, S. (eds.), Advances i...
Framing Identity Politics: Right-Wing Women as Strategic Party Actors in the UK and US

Women’s political underrepresentation in right-wing parties remains a global phenomenon. Despite their rejection of “identity politics,” the United Kingdom’s Conservative Party and the United State...
Likelihood of gradient drift instability development during the August 21, 2017 solar eclipse

The effect of the August 21, 2017 solar eclipse on the ionosphere is modeled using Sami3 is Also a Model of the Ionosphere (SAMI3). Due to the density gradient geometry that arises from the solar e...