cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Ultra-automation and ultra-autonomy for software engineering management of ultra-large-scale systems

"UltraLargeScale Systems: The Software Challenge of the Future" identifies "Engineering Management at Large Scales" as an important focus of research. Engineer ing management for software typically involves measure ment and monitoring of products and processes in order to maintain acceptable levels of important project characteristics including cost, quality, usability, performance, reliability, and so forth. Our research on software engineering measurement over the past ten years has exhibited a trend towards increasing automation and autonomy in the collection and analysis of process and product measures. In this position paper, we extrapolate from our work so far to con sider what new forms of automation and autonomy might be required for software engineering management of ULS systems.
Conserved current correlators of conformal field theories in 2+1 dimensions

We compute current correlators of the CP N1 field theory in 2+1 dimensions, both at the critical point and in the phase with spontaneously broken SU(N) symmetry. Universal constants are obtained to next-toleading order in the 1/N expansion. Implications are noted for quantum critical points of antiferromagnets, and their vicinity.
Exploring spatialized audio & video for distributed conversations

Previous work has demonstrated the benefits of spatial audio conferencing over monophonic when listening to a group conversation. In this paper we examined three-way distributed conversations while varying the presence of spatial video and audio. Our results demonstrate significant benefits to adding spatialized video to an audio conference. Specifically, users perceived that the conversations were of higher quality, they were more engaged, and they were better able to keep track of the conversation. In contrast, no significant benefits were found when mono audio was replaced by spatialized audio. The results of this work are important in that they provide strong evidence for continued exploration of spatialized video, and also suggest that the benefits of spatialized audio may have less of an impact when video is also spatialized.
National patient safety initiatives: Moving beyond what is necessary

Ilan and Donchin have compared Israel and Canada’s experiences in setting a national patient safety agenda. We broaden this comparison to include the U.S. experience, and suggest that there are three additional key steps which will be important in any national patient safety agenda, and which Israel in particular should consider. These are 1) using health information technology (HIT) to directly improve patient safety, 2) dissemination and broad use of checklists, and 3) measuring patient safety over time at the national level. Especially because of its already substantial commitment to HIT and well-developed HIT sector, Israel has a major opportunity to move forward rapidly in this area and to achieve broad impact on the safety front. This is a commentary on http://www.ijhpr.org/content/1/1/19/
Stable isotopic evidence of El Niño-like atmospheric circulation in the Pliocene western United States

Abstract. Understanding how the hydrologic cycle has responded to warmer global temperatures in the past is especially important today as concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere continue to increase due to human activities. The Pliocene offers an ideal window into a climate system that has equilibrated with current atmospheric pCO2. During the Pliocene the western United States was wetter than modern, an observation at odds with our current understanding of future warming scenarios, which involve the expansion and poleward migration of the subtropical dry zone. Here we compare Pliocene oxygen isotope profiles of pedogenic carbonates across the western US to modern isotopic anomalies in precipitation between phases of the El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We find that when accounting for seasonality of carbonate formation, isotopic changes through the late Pliocene match modern precipitation isotopic anomalies in El Nino years. Furthermore, isotopic shifts through the late Pliocene mirror changes through the early Pleistocene, which likely represents the southward migration of the westerly storm track caused by growth of the Laurentide ice sheet. We propose that the westerly storm track migrated northward through the late Pliocene with the development of the modern cold tongue in the east equatorial Pacific, then returned southward with widespread glaciation in the Northern Hemisphere – a scenario supported by terrestrial climate proxies across the US. Together these data support the proposed existence of background El Nino-like conditions in western North America during the warm Pliocene. If the earth behaves similarly with future warming, this observation has important implications with regard to the amount and distribution of precipitation in western North America.
Rootstock effect on growth of apple scions with different growth habits

Apple scions with diverse growth habits were grafted on various size-controlling rootstocks and morphological characteristics were measured after 6 years of growth in the field. Scion had more influence than rootstock on monthly growth rate. Across all rootstocks, scions with spreading growth habits grew rapidly in April and May and achieved most seasonal growth earlier than scions with upright growth habits that grew slowly early in the season. In all growth habits and rootstocks, growth rate slowed appreciably but did not cease by August and growth did not terminate earlier for any one scion‐rootstock combination. Across all scions, the dwarfing rootstock, M.9, consistently had the lowest and seedling rootstock had the greatest tree height and trunk diameter. However, no one size-controlling rootstock consistently influenced dates of bud break and full bloom, shoot elongation rate, or duration of growth. Tree growth form was not fundamentally affected by rootstock. Significant interactions indicated that effects of size-controlling rootstock on components of shoot growth will vary with apple tree growth habit. These effects on phenology and development can be significant to growers and may assist breeders in developing new apple cultivars. # 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
On the construction of a representative synthetic workload

A general method of constructing a drive workload representative of a real workload is described. The real workload is characterized by its demands on the various system resources. These characteristics of the real workload are obtained from the system accounting data. The characteristics of the drive workload are determined by matching the joint probability density of the real workload with that of the drive workload. The drive workload is realized by using a synthetic program in which the characteristics can be varied by varying the appropriate parameters. Calibration experiments are conducted to determine expressions relating the synthetic program parameters with the workload characteristics. The general method is applied to the case of two variables, cpu seconds and number of I/O activities; and a synthetic workload with 88 jobs is constructed to represent a month's workload consisting of about 6000 jobs.
THE ANATOMICAL RELATIONSHIPS OF THE HYPOPHYSIAL STEM AND THE MEDIAN EMINENCE1

RCENT physiological observations, such as those by Magoun, Fisher and Ranson(1) have made desirable an accurate definition of the line of junction of the neurohypophysis and the hypothalamus. Unfortunately no one has endeavored to determine this line of junction on the basis of the cytologic charac teristics of these areas. In view of the fact that their microscopic structure is in each instance typical and vastly different fromthe other and that the neurohypophyais contains a cell, the pituicyte, peculiar to it, this is surprising. True, efforts at delineation of this junction on the basis of the relative vascularity of tlie two tissues or of their susceptibility to staining with vital dyes (a) have been made; while Tilney (3), Magoun and Ranson (4), and Gersh (5) have declared the median eminence, formerly regarded as part of the hypothalamus, to be composed of neurohypophysial tissue.
Speculation but no data: a response to Hoagstrom's drift versus retention perspective

Hoagstrom has challenged the interpretations of Wilde and Urbanczyk on the basis of their citation of an existing hypothesis, which suggests that ova and larvae of Great Plains pelagic-broadcast spawning cyprinids require current for success recruitment. Hoagstrom characterizes the hypothesis as ‘speculative’ and without empirical support, but his particular objections to the hypothesis are limited, at best. Hoagstrom advances his own speculative hypothesis, one that is without empirical support, to replace the existing hypothesis, committing the same lapse with which he finds fault
Defining Nurse Practitioner Scope of Practice: Expanding Primary Care Services

INTRODUCTION Fifty-eight million Americans have no insurance coverage,1 with as much as 25% of the population uninsured. As the U. S. Congress continues the debate over universal health coverage, the dynamics of health care have forced numbers of people to seek primary care services. With only onefourth of medical school graduates selecting residencies in the primary care specialities e.g., family medicine, pediatrics, general internal medicine, and obstetrics/gynecology, significant gaps in services compound the urgency. Nurse Practitioners (NPs) are uniquely qualified with advanced practice skills to meet the increased demand for primary care services.
Cholecystectomy for biliary dyskinesia in gastroparesis: mimic or misfortune?

Objectives Biliary dyskinesia and gastroparesis are associated with upper abdominal discomfort and dyspeptic symptoms in the absence of structural abnormalities. We hypothesized that the similarity in symptoms would trigger testing and surgical treatment for biliary abnormalities in a significant number of patients, with refractory symptoms ultimately demonstrating impairment of gastric function. Methods The study was designed as a retrospective review of patients seen between April 1, 2008 and December 31, 2009. Patients were identified using diagnosis code for gastroparesis (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code 536.3). Demographic information, duration, etiology and severity of disease, coexisting psychiatric illness, pain and functional gastrointestinal disorders, medication use, and abdominal surgery with a focus on cholecystectomy were abstracted from the medical records. Results A total of 131 patients were identified. Women predominated (77.86%), and the idiopathic form of gastroparesis was the most common etiology. A total of 59 (45%) patients had undergone cholecystectomies. Although symptomatic cholelithiasis was the primary indication, more than one-third of these patients underwent surgery for biliary dyskinesia (n = 19) or chronic acalculous cholecystitis (n = 2). In this subgroup, improvement was either absent (n = 13) or transient only (n = 8), lasting for 1.0 ± 0.6 months. Patients who underwent cholecystectomy were younger compared with the rest of the group; all other variables did not show significant differences. Conclusions Considering the overlap and correlation between gastric and gallbladder function, we should raise the threshold for biliary dyskinesia and reassess the appropriateness of surgical therapy, especially in patients with coexisting dyspeptic symptoms.
Aircraft Design with Maneuver and Gust Load Alleviation

of maneuver (MLA) and gust load alleviation (GLA) systems on aircraft performance are evaluated at the conceptual design level. Results suggest that a conventional transonic transport aircraft designed with an aggressive aerodynamic MLA system may achieve some 3% lower direct operating cost (DOC) and more than 4% reduction in fuel consumption relative to a conventional baseline design. The addition of a GLA system can more than double these savings. Sensitivity studies conrm that the control and actuator requirements for eective maneuver and gust load alleviation are consistent with the performance parameters of modern aircraft. The active load control design framework can serve as a platform for the assessment of new technologies, congurations, and operational paradigms that may signicantly reduce aircraft fuel consumption and environmental impact.
Is Marijuana Use Associated With Health Promotion Behaviors Among College Students? Health-Promoting and Health-Risk Behaviors Among Students Identified Through Screening in a University Student Health Services Center:

This study sought to examine whether student marijuana use identified by screening in a student health center is associated with health-promoting behaviors. Students completed a brief web-based, health behavior screening instrument. Those who reported marijuana use of monthly or more on the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Test (ASSIST)—and a subset of those who did not—were invited to complete additional baseline assessments, including questions about health-promoting behaviors, alcohol, and substance use (n = 321). Results showed marijuana users were more likely to use a variety of substances and engage in hazardous drinking than non-users. Moreover, level of marijuana use was associated with greater likelihood of using a variety of substances but not with hazardous drinking. There was no evidence that marijuana use was associated with health-promoting behaviors. These findings highlight the concomitant substance-related risks associated with marijuana use but do not support the view that the...
349 SYSTEMIC FUNGAL INFECTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY IN EXTREMELY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS.

Background Systemic fungal infection (SFI) has been shown to be variably associated with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and severe ROP in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWIs). Objective To study the association between SFI and the development of ROP and severe ROP (stage ≥ 3) in ELBWIs ( Design/Methods A comprehensive search of electronic databases, including Medline (1966 to 08/2006), EMBASE (1980 to 3rd Q 2006), and Scopus, using relevant search terms (Candida/albicans/tropicalis/glabrata, candidiasis,”retinopathy of prematurity,” “severe ROP” or “severe retinopathy of prematurity,” retinal detachment, fungemia, “threshold rop,” “threshold retinopathy of prematurity,” “systemic fungal infection,” candidemia, candidiasis, Candida sepsis, “fungal sepsis,” “invasive candidiasis,” “retrolental fibroplasia,” infant, very/extremely low birthweight, “extremely low birth weight,” infant, premature) found seven studies plus an abstract. Authors were contacted for clarification of data from three studies. Raw data of two studies from the same institution were used to avoid duplication as their study periods overlapped. Data were analyzed with Review Manager 4.2 software (Nordic Cochrane Center, Cochrane Collaboration, Kobehavn, Denmark). A fixed-effects model was used. Results Data on infants with any ROP were available from seven studies and for severe ROP from eight studies; 258 of 289 babies with SFI had any ROP compared with 1,043 of 1,479 babies with no SFI, and 117 of 316 with SFI had severe ROP compared with 227 of 1,782 babies with no SFI. Conclusions SFIs are associated with the development of ROP and severe ROP in ELBWIs. Preventing SFIs may decrease the incidence of ROP in ELBWIs.
'The Undeserving Rich': How The News Media Cover 'Corporate Welfare'

Cet article adresse une critique a la facon dont les medias interpretent les aides accordees aux entreprises aux Etats-Unis. Souscrivant a l'hegemonie des lois du marche, cette approche mediatique aboutit a une lecture inversee de l'aide publique : celle-ci se trouve discreditee tandis que l'entreprise capitaliste est presentee comme principal pourvoyeur de la redistribution des richesses. L'enjeu pour la gauche liberale consiste en une redefinition des termes du probleme, a savoir remettre en question les stigmatisations associees aux politiques sociales et construire un consensus sur les devoirs et responsabilites incombant a l'Etat en ce domaine
Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction : A Series of Advances, Volume 19

The growth in the world's nuclear industry, motivated by peaking world oil supplies, concerns about the greenhouse effect, and domestic needs for energy independence, has resulted in a heightened focus on the need for next-generation nuclear fuel-cycle technologies. Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction: A Series of Advances, Volume 19 provides a com
First and Personally Contributed Printings in Separate Books and Pamphlets not Principally by Wordsworth

Not included unless tangentially are reprints in which WW played no active role. Although some editors of reprints of WW's writings advertised in their titles, dedications, or elsewhere that they had obtained WW's permission for quotation, his permission, or his acquiescence after the unpermitted fact, as he stated publicly in 1838, normally awaited all comers and takers (see Prose III, pp. 311–312) even though the results sometimes annoyed him. Individual letters of Wordsworth's are included only if written with plain intent that they be, or in consciousness that they might be, published or distributed, or if editorially titled or printed in a fashion that could lead readers to suppose them such. Histories of printings of individual private letters, however, are available in LEY, LMY, LLY , and L Supp . Collections of private letters are noted in general terms when the works that they appear in are expressly memorials of WW ( Transactions of the Wordsworth Society is regarded as belonging to this class) or expressly titled as collections of letters of WW and close associates. An appended note, envisioned as a convenience for collectors, lists books, through 1930, not noticed formally here or in Section A, that contain first publications of private letters. Title reports omit ornaments and devices. Relevant materials in annuals are included. B1 Poems: by Francis Wrangham. 1. First issue (1799): Poems: by Francis Wrangham, M. A. 1795. 17.7 × 11.6 cm (trimmed): xvi 56 [46, numbered “65–111”] [1] pp. Pp. 106–111 When love . Sgd “Wordsworth.”
Chapter 7 – SOLUTION OF SPLIT BOUNDARY–VALUE PROBLEMS

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss numerical techniques for solving split boundary-value problems. Split boundary-value problems arise from the description of distributed systems in which part of the boundary information needed to solve a set of differential equations is at one boundary of the system and part at another boundary. This chapter introduces three basic numerical techniques. These are shooting techniques, quasi-linearization with the use of the principle of superposition, and the method of adjoints. The shooting techniques include digital and general implementations. Quasi-linearization is a technique where non-linear differential equations are solved by obtaining a sequence of solutions to related linear equations. Another efficient method for the solution of linear two-point boundary-value problems is that of the method of adjoints. In this method the system equations and the adjoint system equations are defined.
Preclinical Immunotherapeutic Animal Models for Brain Tumors

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Even with the current standard of care therapy (i.e., surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy), GBM has a poor prognosis. Innovative immunotherapeutic approaches, which engage a patient's immune system to trigger a tumor-specific immune response, have generated modest clinical improvements in selected GBM patient populations. Patients with GBM demonstrate extensive systemic immune defects that deter the efficacy of both conventional and immune-based treatments. Therapeutic strategies that simultaneously activate the immune system and neutralize the immunosuppression are critical for enhancing treatment outcomes in GBM patients. Owing to the essential role of the immune system in tumor eradication, preclinical animal models recapitulating the human disease in immunocompetent hosts are vital for assessing the efficacy of anti-​GBM experimental therapies prior to testing in patients. Different immunocompetent animal models available in the preclinical setting for the evaluation of novel brain tumor therapies are summarized in this chapter.
Strategies to promote abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, an emerging probiotics in the gut, evidence from dietary intervention studies

Akkermansia muciniphila is a mucin-degrading bacterium commonly found in human gut. A. muciniphila has been inversely associated with obesity, diabetes, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. Due to its highly promising probiotic activities against obesity and diabetes, A. muciniphila has drawn intensive interest for research and development in recent years. A number of human and animal studies have shown that the abundance of A. muciniphila in the gut can be enhanced through dietary interventions. The present review focuses on evidence-based dietary strategies of improving A. muciniphila abundance in the gut by critically appraising up-to-date available human and animal intervention studies on A. muciniphila growth and their impact on risk factors of obesity and diabetes. Their potential mechanisms in promoting A. muciniphila are also discussed along with the discussions of mechanism of action for A. muciniphila to exert probiotic functions.
Dynamics of interacting interphases in polymer bilayer thin films

We investigate how the local glass-transition temperature (T{ing}) depends on film thickness in monolayer and bilayer thin films with a polystyrene (PS) upper-layer and a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) lower-layer using coarse-grained simulations. Interactions between overlapping interphases demonstrate a superposition principle for describing their glass-transition behaviors. For supported bilayer films, the free surface effect on a PS film upper-layer is effectively eliminated due to an enhanced local T{ing} near the PS-PMMA interface, which cancels out depressed T{ing} near the free surface. However, at very low PMMA lower-layer thicknesses, the PMMA-substrate effect can penetrate through the polymer-polymer interface, leading to enhanced T{ing} in the PS upper-layer.
Searching for Greatness: A Program Evaluation Method and Some Best Practices in IB Education

Business schools do not collect systematically and regularly metrics to measure the quality of their IB undergraduate programs and compare it to that of their peers, leaving the task of deciding wh...
Disruptive forms: the cinema of Jean Rouch

2017 marked the centenary of the birth of the French ethnographic filmmaker Jean Rouch. For many, the anniversary seemed an auspicious moment to revisit his expansive archive. In January, ambassado...
Together Through Time – Social Networks and the Life Course

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the life course and social network perspectives and suggests how the integration of life course and social network ideas can further the study of both. An overarching framework is presented within which the understanding of social networks can improve the understanding of the life course, and vice versa. The chapter outlines the volume’s origins and organization, including summaries of the chapters in its nine sections, which begin with theoretical perspectives and extend to practical applications for prevention and social amelioration strategies using social networks.
Cyclodextrin-Promoted Fluorescence Detection of Aromatic Toxicants and Toxicant Metabolites in Commercial Milk Products

The detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their metabolites in food and in agricultural sources is an important research objective due to the PAHs' known persistence, carcinogenicity, and toxicity. PAHs have been found in the milk of lactating cows, and in the leaves and stems of plants grown in PAH-contaminated areas, thereby making their way into both cow milk and plant milk alternatives. Reported herein is the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of 10 PAHs and PAH metabolites in a variety of cow milks and plant milk alternatives using fluorescence energy transfer from the PAH to a high quantum yield fluorophore, combined with subsequent array-based statistical analyses of the fluorescence emission signals. This system operates with high sensitivity (low micromolar detection limits), selectivity (100% differentiation even between structurally similar analytes), and general applicability (for both unmodified lipophilic PAHs and highly polar oxidized PAH metabolites, as well as for different cow and plant milk samples). These promising results show significant potential to be translated into solid-state devices for the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of PAHs and their metabolites in complex, commercial food products.
Analytical study of resonance caused by solar radiation pressure

A qualitative analytical treatment of the solar radiation effect on artificial satellite motion is presented. It is shown that a development in powers of the time for polar orbits in the resonance region confirms the results obtained by numerical integration.
Beam steering by digital micro-mirror device for multi-beam and single-chip lidar

A novel method of beam steering, utilizing a mass-produced Digital Micromirror Device (DMD), enables a reliable single chip Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) with a large field of view while having minimum moving components. In the single-chip LIDAR, a short-pulsed laser is fired in a synchronous manner to the micromirrors rotation during the transitional state. Since the pulse duration of the laser pulse is substantially short compared to the transitional time of the mirror rotation, virtually the mirror array is frozen in transition at several discrete points, which forms a programmable and blazed grating. The programmable blazed grating efficiently redirects the pulsed light to a single diffraction order among several while employing time of flight measurement. Previously, with a single 905nm nanosecond laser diode and Si avalanche photo diode, a measurement accuracy and rate of <1 cm and 3.34k points/sec, respectively, was demonstrated over a 1m distance range with 48° full field of view and 10 angular resolution. We have also increased the angular resolution by employing multiple laser diodes and a single DMD chip while maintaining a high measurement rate of 3.34k points/s. In addition, we present a pathway to achieve 0.65° resolution with 60° field of view and 23k points/s measurement rate.
Towards RealTime 3D Coronary Hemodynamics Simulations During Cardiac Catheterisation

Virtual Fractional Flow Reserve (vFFR) is an emerging technology that assesses the severity of coronary stenosis by means of patient specific of Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations. To be of practical clinical utility within a catheter laboratory, FFR results must be obtainable within minutes to guide intervention. We present the design of a novel Lattice-Boltzmann method code specifically tailored for fully automatic near real-time 3D coronary blood flow simulations. The key contributions of the work include a hybrid multicore-GPU accelerated sparse lattice generation algorithm and specialized 3D-0D coupled hemodynamics solver. We present results on state of the art GPU hardware, simulating hemodynamics within multi segment coronary tree. The results demonstrate that vFFR simulations can be performed in the order of minutes, making the replacement of pressure wire based FFR in a catheter laboratory setting with vFFR simulations feasible, without the need to reduce the fidelity of the hemodynamics modelling.
Social media services branding: The use of corporate brand names

Abstract Companies are increasingly searching for ways to better engage consumers through social media. In this paper, we explore the impact of using different levels of brand names (corporate vs. product) in social media posts on customer engagement and purchase intentions for services. Building on services branding and brand self-identity literature, we argue that the use of corporate brand names in a services context will increase message likes and purchase intention and that corporate customer brand identification drives these effects. We test this assertion with both field and experimental studies. A field study, using actual services' Facebook brand posts, provides support for this hypothesis, finding that the use of corporate brand names increases message likes while the use of product brand names reduces them. Four follow-up experiments replicate these results, identify boundary conditions, and provide process evidence that the effect is mediated by customer brand identification. Implications are discussed.
The Role of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) in the Production of Perchlorate (ClO4–) from Chlorite (ClO2–) and Chlorate (ClO3–) on Earth and Mars

The widespread presence of perchlorate (ClO4–) on Mars has significant implications for the alteration or destruction of indigenous organic compounds that may have been or still be present on Mars....
C++ for Financial Applications: Syntax and Algorithms

This working book is a lengthy introduction to the C++ language for financial applications. It includes some topics and simple algorithms related to options pricing (Black Scholes, Binomial Trees), real-time messaging (ITCH,OUCH,FIX), cryptography (SHA-1), low latency data structures (Digital Tree, Look Up Table), and simulation.
Oncology multidisciplinary clinic development.

62Background: In 2014 it was decided that a multidisciplinary approach would be beneficial for our breast cancer patients. A pre-conference for a multidisciplinary discussion on the treatment plan ...
Abstract TMP8: Nationwide Analysis of Endovascular Thrombectomy Provider Specialization

Introduction: Endovascular thrombectomy (ET) has the greatest benefit of all acute ischemic stroke (AIS) therapies. However, ET trials were performed in centers with rigorous protocols, expert proc...
Selective Binding of Dopamine and Epinephrine in Water by Molecularly Imprinted Fluorescent Receptors

Catecholamines play important roles in biology but their structural similarity makes it challenging to construct synthetic receptors with selective binding. A combination of covalent and noncovalent binding groups in the hydrophobic core of water-soluble nanoparticles enabled them to recognize dopamine and epinephrine with an association constant (Ka ) of 3-4×104 M-1 in water, an order of magnitude higher than those of previously reported synthetic hosts. In addition, minute structural changes among analogues were detected including the addition or removal of a single hydroxyl or methyl group.
Public Theology: Toward a Christian Definition

Public theology is a phrase that has been used both descriptively (like Bellah's civil religion) and prescriptively (so that public theology is an attempt to recommend policy prescriptions seen thr...
Is "Man Bites Dog" Still News? Trump-v-GOP Spats in a Partisan Media Milieu

Traditional norms of newsworthiness include favoring conflict and unusualness. In political news, this arguably results in greater emphasis on same-party conflict or partisan infighting between officials in “man bites dog” fashion. However, given the recent rise of partisan or more aligned media outlets, the incentive for this behavior may be altered. This study examines two sets of parallel case studies of within-party and cross-party conflict across three outlets: Fox, MSNBC and ABC – two opposite partisan and one neutral – in a tentative attempt to see if news norms on this dimension are different in today’s slanted media. While it does not find stark differences, it does raise new questions for future research.
Core warming of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients undergoing mechanical ventilation-A protocol for a randomized controlled pilot study.

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2, is spreading rapidly across the globe, with little proven effective therapy. Fever is seen in most cases of COVID-19, at least at the initial stages of illness. Although fever is typically treated (with antipyretics or directly with ice or other mechanical means), increasing data suggest that fever is a protective adaptive response that facilitates recovery from infectious illness. Objective To describe a randomized controlled pilot study of core warming patients with COVID-19 undergoing mechanical ventilation. Methods This prospective single-site randomized controlled pilot study will enroll 20 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure due to COVID-19. Patients will be randomized 1:1 to standard-of-care or to receive core warming via an esophageal heat exchanger commonly utilized in critical care and surgical patients. The primary outcome is patient viral load measured by lower respiratory tract sample. Secondary outcomes include severity of acute respiratory distress syndrome (as measured by PaO2/FiO2 ratio) 24, 48, and 72 hours after initiation of treatment, hospital and intensive care unit length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, and 30-day mortality. Results Resulting data will provide effect size estimates to guide a definitive multi-center randomized clinical trial. ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT04426344. Conclusions With growing data to support clinical benefits of elevated temperature in infectious illness, this study will provide data to guide further understanding of the role of active temperature management in COVID-19 treatment and provide effect size estimates to power larger studies.
Zeran v. America Online E-Resource

The Fourth Circuit's 1997 ruling in Zeran v. America Online played a critical role in Section 230 jurisprudence and, by extension, the Internet's development. To better understand this seminal case, we compiled a variety of resources about the case, including (1) two dozen essays reflecting upon the decision's 20th anniversary, and (2) key opinions and filings from the litigation, some of which have never before been available in electronic format. This compilation should interest anyone researching the history of Internet Law or thinking about the implications of online speech policies and the ongoing policy debates about Section 230.
Exploring intentional medication non-adherence in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: the role of physician-patient interactions.

Objective Medication non-adherence contributes to worse health outcomes among SLE patients. The underlying mechanisms that drive medication non-adherence are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to explore possible mechanisms of medication non-adherence by eliciting patient experiences. Methods Consented adult patients with ACR- or SLICC-classified SLE were recruited. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted across six participants. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analysed using an iterative process. The findings were presented to an interactive public forum with SLE patients, family members and friends of patients, and health-care professionals to assess validity and for elaboration of the concepts developed. Results The following three interrelated themes emerged from the interviews. First, why do rheumatologists not know more about lupus or share what they do know with their patients? Second, why do I have to take so many drugs and why do the drugs not work? Third, if my rheumatologist cannot communicate with me, why should I follow the prescribed medication regimen? Conclusion Our exploratory findings lay out a possible underlying logic by which patients might choose intentionally to engage with medication non-adherence behaviours. Patients suggested that poor communication with their rheumatologists along with a lack of validation of their symptoms contributed to them not valuing the recommendations of physicians. This also contributed to development of a cynical outlook and little belief that medication would improve their condition. Although further work is needed to validate these findings, our preliminary work suggests that interventions focusing on the development of communication skills among both patients and rheumatologists are necessary to reduce medication non-adherence.
Reverse Electrowetting-On-Dielectric Energy Harvesting Integrated with Charge Amplifier and Rectifier for Self-Powered Motion Sensors

This paper presents a reverse electrowetting-on-dielectric (REWOD) energy harvester integrated with rectifier, boost converter, and charge amplifier that is, without bias voltage, capable of powering wearable sensors for monitoring human health in real-time. REWOD has been demonstrated to effectively generate electrical current at a low frequency range (< 3 Hz), which is the frequency range for various human activities such as walking, running, etc. However, the current generated from the REWOD without external bias source is insufficient to power such motion sensors. In this work, to eventually implement a fully self-powered motion sensor, we demonstrate a novel bias-free REWOD AC generation and then rectify, boost, and amplify the signal using commercial components. The unconditioned REWOD output of 95–240 mV AC is generated using a 50 μL droplet of 0.5M NaCl electrolyte and 2.5 mm of electrode displacement from an oscillation frequency range of 1–3 Hz. A seven-stage rectifier using Schottky diodes having a forward voltage drop of 135–240 mV and a forward current of 1 mA converts the generated AC signal to DC voltage. ∼3 V DC is measured at the boost converter output, proving the system could function as a self-powered motion sensor. Additionally, a linear relationship of output DC voltage with respect to frequency and displacement demonstrates the potential of this REWOD energy harvester to function as a self-powered wearable motion sensor.
Driveway Moments and Decoy Stories: Moral Injury in Medicine.

In this age of podcasts and curated Internet radio, most of us have experienced a “driveway moment.” A term coined by NPR (National Public Radio), these occur when the story you are listening to is so compelling that you linger in your car to hear the conclusion. I have savored many driveway moments, but only one prompted a personal realization.
A Simplified In Silico Model of Left Ventricular Outflow in Patients After Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement with Anterior Leaflet Laceration

In silico modeling has been proposed as a tool to simulate left ventricular (LV) outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction in patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR). This study validated a simplified approach to simulate LV outflow hemodynamics in the setting of TMVR with anterior leaflet laceration, a clinical technique used to mitigate the risk of LVOT obstruction. Personalized, 3-dimensional computational fluid dynamics models were developed from computed tomography images of six patients who underwent TMVR with anterior leaflet laceration. LV outflow hemodynamics were simulated using the patient-specific anatomy and the peak systolic flow rate as boundary conditions. The peak outflow velocity, a clinically relevant hemodynamic metric, was extracted from each simulation (vsim-peak) and compared with the clinical measurement from Doppler echocardiography (vclin-peak) for validation. In silico models were successfully developed and implemented for all patients. The pre-processing time was 2 h per model and the simulation could be completed within 3 h. In three patients, the lacerated anterior leaflet exposed open cells of the transcatheter valve to flow. Good agreement was obtained between vsim-peak and vclin-peak (r = 0.97, p < 0.01) with average discrepancies of 5 ± 2% and 14 ± 1% for patients with exposed and unexposed cells of the transcatheter valve, respectively. The proposed in silico modeling paradigm therefore simulated LV outflow hemodynamics in a time-efficient manner and demonstrated good agreement with clinical measurements. Future studies should investigate the ability of this paradigm to support clinical applications.
Experiences With COVID-19 Stressors and Parents' Use of Neglectful, Harsh, and Positive Parenting Practices in the Northeastern United States.

Objectives:To estimate household exposure to COVID-19 related stress and the association with parent report of neglectful, harsh, and positive discipline practices.Methods:Cross sectional survey da...
Exercise alleviates symptoms of CNS lupus.

Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus) is a global health problem where 20–80% patients display cognitive problems and central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. Early diagnosis and treatment of lupus remains a clinical challenge. Exercise improves experimental lupus nephritis. However, the effects of exercise in CNS lupus remains unknown. This study investigates the effects of controlled exercise (CE) that consisted of treadmill walking (5 m/min for 10 min everyday) on experimental CNS lupus using the well-established mouse model, MRL/lpr mice. The MRL/lpr mice were subjected to CE from 8 weeks (preclinical) to 16 weeks (disease). Multiplex gene expression analysis revealed significant upregulation of genes involved in neurite growth, proliferation and synaptic plasticity, and a decrease in inflammatory genes including complement proteins, NFkB, chemokines and cytokines in exercised mice compared to the unmanipulated, age-matched controls. The loss of blood–brain barrier integrity, astrogliosis and edema seen in MRL/lpr mice were reduced with exercise. Exercised mice performed better in behavioral assessments such as open field, nesting, and tail suspension test. For the first time our results show that a supervised, well-regulated and controlled exercise regimen alleviates CNS lupus and could potentially serve as an intervention strategy to improve the quality of life. Exercise could also serve as an adjunct therapy for lupus and other neuroinflammatory diseases, thereby reducing the need for the current therapies with toxic side effects. The validity of the findings and a safe exercise regimen needs to be established by additional studies in patients.
Tackling unknown disinfection by-products: Lessons learned

Abstract Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are important environmental contaminants that have documented human health issues from many epidemiologic studies. Unlike classical contaminants, they are not manufactured, but form during drinking water treatment. As a result, they can be difficult to identify because most are not present in the mass spectral library databases. This perspective article presents lessons learned over the years for tackling unknown DBPs, many of which can also be applied to the identification of other unknown environmental contaminants. These lessons include: the importance of high resolution mass spectrometry, confirming tentative identifications with authentic chemical standards, considering possible isomers with unknown identification, and using multiple analytical techniques to enable a more complete picture of unknowns; understanding that features are not chemical structures; recognizing when the structure you identified in a solvent extract may not be the original form of the chemical in water; how some of our best discoveries are by accident; and finally, the “so what” question—is the compound you identified a concern?
Expectation-based interventions for expatriates

Abstract Expatriate assignments are one of the primary tools used by organizations to extend their influence on an international level. While potentially of great value if they succeed, there are significant costs to both the organization and individual if they do not. Because of the high risk nature of expatriate assignments, there has been significant interest in interventions to increase the likelihood of their success. One underexplored area in the expatriate literature relates to expatriate expectations and acculturation experiences. We first review the literature regarding the major expectation-based interventions, including realistic job previews (RJPs), realistic living condition previews (RLCPs), and expectation lowering procedures (ELPs), and then develop a theoretical model of these interventions in the context of expatriates. Building upon this model, we suggest several important theoretical and practical questions that deserve future attention.
Chapter 5. Recent Developments Relating Serotonin and Behavior

Publisher Summary This chapter examines the behavioral effects and sensitivity related to serotonin. The techniques for manipulating 5-HT steady state levels and receptor activity are presented. Administration of 5-HTP, which is the immediate precursor of 5-HT, leads to a nonphysiological distribution of 5-HT in brain. It happens due to the ubiquitous distribution of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase. 5-HT derived from either precursor may decrease catecholamine stores by amine displacement and Trp derivatives also inhibit tyrosine hydroxylase. Conclusions based on high 5-HT levels in selected animal strains, at certain times of day, or at certain ages are confounded by multiple genetic, circadian or ontogenetic effects that covary. The rat and cat sleep results with p-chlorophenylalanine, even considered alone would suggest that 5-HT is functionally involved in normal sleep mechanisms, but these findings are in fact only the latest in a long chain of circumstantial evidence linking 5-HT to sleep. Exogenous 5-HT given intraventricularly or in the carotid and 5-HT precursors either Trp or 5-hydroxytryptophan, given peripherally, have frequently been reported to produce electrophysiological, behavioral, and clinical evidence of sedation and sleep.
Abstract 403: MicroRNA-21 Ablation Exacerbates Aldosterone-mediated Cardiac Inflammation, Fibrosis, Hypertrophy and Dysfunction

Excess aldosterone (ALDO) causes hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation and fibrosis that lead to cardiac dysfunction. We reported that ALDO/SALT treatment increases left ventricle miR-21 expression after 2 weeks of treatment, and the elevation persists for up to 8 weeks. We aim to study the role of genetic ablation of miR-21 in ALDO/SALT-mediated cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, hypertrophy and function. Eight-week old uninephrectomized male miR-21 knockout (miR21KO) or wild-type (WT) mice were assigned to 4 groups (N=12/grp): WT-Control, WT-ALDO/SALT, miR21KO-Control and miR21KO-ALDO/SALT. Animals were treated for 8 weeks. ALDO (0.15 μg/h) or vehicle (PEG 300) was administered by osmotic minipump. SALT (1.0% NaCl + 0.3% KCl) was administered in tap water. Cardiac function was determined by echocardiography. Tissues were weighed and standardized to body weight. mRNA levels were quantified by qPCR. Another set of animals (N=12/grp) was implanted with carotid artery catheters for conscious MAP determination. ALDO/SALT-mediated cardiac dysfunction was exacerbated in miR21KO mice (EF: 38.0 ± 2.0 vs. 43.0 ± 4.1 %, p vs . 1.18 ± 0.02, p Fibrosis marker connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf) mRNA expression remained elevated by ALDO/SALT only in miR21KO mice (7.22 ± 1.96 fold change vs . control, p vs . control, p Despite the exacerbation in cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy, and fibrosis and inflammation markers expression in miR21KO mice, ALDO/SALT raised MAP to similar levels in both strains (WT: 139 ± 9 vs . 106 ± 2 mm Hg, p vs . 114 ± 4, p These results show that miR-21 ablation exacerbates ALDO/SALT-mediated cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, hypertrophy and dysfunction independently of blood pressure suggesting that therapies that increase cardiac levels of miR-21 may benefit patients with primary aldosteronism.