cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Sensory Analysis and Thiobarbituric Acid Values of Precooked Chicken Patties Stored Up to Three Days and Reheated by Two Methods

Abstract Chicken patties from two formulations (equal proportions of white and dark meat, with and without skin) were precooked to 75 to 80 C internal temperature, stored 0, 1, 2, or 3 days at 4 C, and then frozen at −34 C until evaluated. Patties were grouped by storage time within formulation group and reheated by conventional or microwave oven. Patties were evaluated by a trained panel using descriptive profile analysis. Proximate composition and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values were also determined. The main source of variation in either TBA values or sensory attributes was storage time. The TBA values of microwave-reheated samples stored 2 and 3 days increased more than did oven-reheated samples. The TBA values were significantly correlated with each of the 12 descriptive attributes, with r values ranging from .68 to .90. A best model procedure (stepwise) selected six sensory variables in a linear combination to estimate TBA values (R2 = .94).
Diagnostic Yield of Parathyroid Hormone Testing in Children Evaluated for Hypercalciuria

Hypercalciuria is a frequent cause of non-glomerular hematuria in pediatric patients. Because hypercalciuria can be secondary to primary hyperparathyroidism, measurement of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels is often performed in children with this urinary abnormality. A retrospective chart review was performed to determine the diagnostic yield of PTH measurements when performed under these clinical circumstances. Over a 30-month period (January 1, 2001 to September 30, 2003), among 31 children who had a PTH determination, the level was elevated in 1 (3%) patient. Based on these findings and the serious nature of untreated primary hyperparathyroidism, serum PTH level should be measured in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed hypercalciuria.
Comments on "Constructing a logic of plausible inference: a guide to Cox's Theorem", by Kevin S. Van Horn

Abstract Professor Van Horn [International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 34 (2003) 3] has reviewed much of the work that followed Richard Cox’s publication of his axioms for probability in 1946. My comments will emphasize work that came earlier and also merits attention. In particular, I will discuss work by Sergei Bernstein that is closely related to Cox’s but has been neglected by Cox and his commentators. Before reviewing Bernstein’s work, I will discuss the context of Cox’s work and explain why it did not dissuade me from studying alternative representations of uncertainty. After discussing Bernstein, I will make just one comment on Van Horn’s presentation.
An approximate analysis of steady state axisymmetric deformations of viscoplastic targets

Steady state axisymmetric deformations of a viscoplastic target being penetrated by a rigid cylindrical penetrator with a hemispherical nose are analyzed. The presumed kinematically admissible velocity field satisfies all of the boundary conditions on the target/penetrator interface, and also the balance of mass. The unknown parameters appearing in the admissible velocity field are found by minimizing the error in satisfying the balance of linear momentum. The solution so obtained is found to be very close to the finite element solution of the problem. An advantage of the present technique is the enormous savings in the computational effort and resources required to analyze the problem.
Interannual oscillations in an ocean general circulation model coupled to a simple atmosphere model

A model is being developed for tropical air-sea interaction studies that is intermediate in complexity between the large coupled general circulation models (GCMS) that are coming into use, and the simple two-level models with which pioneering El Nino Southern Oscillation studies were done. The model consists of a stripped-down tropical Pacific Ocean GCM, coupled to an atmospheric model that is sufficiently simple that steady-state solutions may be found for low-level flow and surface stress, given oceanic boundary conditions. This permits examination of the nature of interannual coupled oscillations in the absence of atmospheric noise. In preliminary tests of the model the coupled system is found to undergo a Hopf bifurcation as certain parameters are varied, giving rise to sustained three to four year oscillations. For stronger coupling, a secondary bifurcation yields six month coupled oscillations during the warm phase of the El Nino-period oscillation. Such variability could potentially affect the predictability of the coupled system.
Significance of aPL IgG Subclasses

Human immunoglobulin G (IgG) is comprised of four subclasses with distinct structural and biologic properties. Patients with autoimmune disease, in general, show an overall increase in serum IgG as well as skewing in subclass distribution for particular autoantibodies. Antinuclear antibodies and anti-double stranded DNA antibodies, for example, are primarily IgG1 and IgG3. In contrast, anticardiolipin antibodies show a skewing towards presence of IgG2 presence is associated with arterial and venous thrombotic complications. Selective absorption of IgG2 from high titer sera abrogates aCL ELISA binding. Pathogenicity of aCL may be related to IgG2 in an important way. The precise mechanism of action and nature of the inducing stimulus are not yet clear.
Activity feedback to the mammalian circadian pacemaker: influence on observed measures of rhythm period length.

In the mouse, activity is precisely timed by the circadian clock and is normally most intense in the early subjective night. Since vigorous activity (e.g., wheel running) is thought to induce phase shifts in rodents, the temporal placement of daily exercise/activity could be a determinant of observed circadian rhythm period. The relationship between spontaneous running-wheel activity and the circadian period of free-running rhythms was studied to assess this possibility. With ad libitum access to a running wheel, mice exhibited a free-running period (tau) of 23.43 +/- 0.08 hr (mean +/- SEM). When running wheels were locked, tau increased (23.88 +/- 0.04 hr, p less than 0.03), and restoration of ad libitum wheel running again produced a shorter period (tau = 23.56 +/- 0.06 hr, p less than 0.05). A survey of free-running activity patterns in a population of 100 mice revealed a significant correlation between the observed circadian period and the time of day in which spontaneous wheel running occurred (r = 0.7314, p less than 0.0001). Significantly shorter periods were observed when running was concentrated at the beginning of the subjective night (tau = 23.23 +/- 0.04), and longer periods were observed if mice ran late in the subjective night (tau = 23.89 +/- 0.04), F (1, 99) = 34.96, p less than 0.0001. It was previously believed that the period of the circadian clock was primarily responsive to externally imposed tonic or phasic events. Systematic influences of spontaneous exercise on tau demonstrate that physiological and/or behavioral determinants of circadian timekeeping exist as well.
Effect of Atmospheric Ammonia on Pullets at Point of Lay

Results obtained show that pullets exposed to 200 ppm atmospheric ammonia for 17 days had a reduced feed intake and reduced growth rate when compared to controls. After the ammonia exposure period at point of lay, percent egg production was less and mortality greater for the ammonia exposed group versus the controls.
Flow Control by Energy Addition into High-Speed Air

The performance of high-speed vehicles may be enhanced in numerous ways by the controlled addition of energy to the air flow. The particular mechanisms that are currently receiving attention include the reduction of drag by a plasma air spike in front of a vehicle, active control of shock location by direct energy addition or by MHD processes, rapid vehicle steering by localized energy addition, power extraction by MHD processes, and control of transition and boundary layer phenomena by acoustic forcing. This paper outlines approaches that are under consideration for adding energy to the flow in order to accomplish these tasks. The paper discusses laser and electron beam-controlled addition of microwave energy for drag reduction, steering and related applications, the use of electron beams for establishing conductivity for MHD applications, and the addition of up to megahertz of acoustic energy into a boundary layer using pulse-burst laser concepts.
A Four Quadrant Magnet Power Supply for Superconducting and Conventional Accelerator Applications

Modern conventional and superconducting accelerators often require bipolar power supplies capable of operating with high precision from zero to full output. An SCR type power supply comprised of two SCR bridges and operating with circulating current does an excellent job of satisfying this difficult requirement. Power supplies of this type are often called fourquadrant or dual converter power supplies with circulating current. The basic principles and design considerations of this converter are discussed with particular emphasis on the advantages of the converter. Application of the dual converter to high precision bipolar magnet current control within the Fermilab Saver/Doubler project is presented.
Promoting general metacognitive awareness

I describe two aspects of metacognition, knowledge of cognition and regulation of cognition, and how they are related to domain-specific knowledge and cognitive abilities. I argue that metacognitive knowledge is multidimensional, domain-general in nature, and teachable. Four instructional strategies are described for promoting the construction and acquisition of metacognitive awareness. These include promoting general awareness, improving self-knowledge and regulatory skills, and promoting learning environments that are conducive to the construction and use of metacognition.
Analytical solutions for the heat and mass transfer in a falling film absorber

Abstract In this paper, fully analytical solutions for the temperature and mass fraction are obtained for a falling film absorber in an absorption heat pump. The analytical solutions described here lead to an analytical expression for the local and total mass absorbed. This situation is due to the fact that the vast majority of mass transfer takes place in a thin layer near the liquid-vapor interface and that the temperature distribution is conduction-dominated. A design procedure based on the analytical solutions is developed and results for a libr-water solution are compared with recent experiments and previous numerical solutions for the temperature and the agreement with each is found to be very good. Heat and mass transfer coefficients are outputs of the problem and it is shown that the heat transfer coefficient increases with decreasing film thickness, whereas the mass transfer coefficient decreases. This situation makes it difficult to evaluate design procedures based solely on increasing heat transfer coefficients gleaned from experiments or the open literature. It is shown that for given inlet bulk temperature, solutions may be obtained only for a limited range of mass fraction.
Towards an affective robot capable of being a long-term companion

While it has been well established that affect influences judgments and decision-making, few computational models of the phenomenon exist. The work I have done and propose focuses on the role of affect in complex decision-making or judgment tasks where a pure utilitarian approach does not reflect human behavior. It is especially challenging to develop models that can predict choices made by an individual. However, as we approach having companion robots that have long-term relationships with a user, it becomes increasingly vital for the robot to be sensitive to the affect of the human and to behave in a manner that is consistent with the expectations of the user and society. The models and underlying robot architecture I describe here bring us closer to robots being accepted in our homes.
Fate determination of cerebral cortical GABAergic interneurons and their derivation from stem cells

Cortical GABAergic interneurons modulate cortical excitation, and their dysfunction is implicated in a multitude of neuropsychiatric disorders including autism, schizophrenia and epilepsy. Consequently, the study of cortical interneuron development, and their derivation from stem cells for transplantation therapy, has garnered intense scientific interest. In this review, we discuss some of the molecular signals involved in cortical interneuron fate determination, and describe how this has informed the use of mouse and human embryonic stem cell biology in generating cortical interneurons in vitro. We highlight the tremendous progress that has been made recently using stem cells to derive cortical interneurons, as well as challenges that have arisen. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI:StemsCellsinPsychiatry.
Class Analysis from the Sixth Comparison Study of Teaching Blended In-Class Courses vs. Teaching Distance Education Courses

This paper will share with the members of the conference the findings from the sixth study that related to Class level. This study contains five semesters of analyzed data which compares the retention of students, final grades for students, the grades for five specific tasks that were given in blended in-class courses and in the totally online courses and a comparison of data by Class. All courses were American Politics PLSC 111. Each semester one or two American Politics courses were conducted in the classroom and one American Politics distance education course was conducted totally online. Each time the courses were given, it was during the same semester and by the same professor who was the researcher.
The Newtonian Law of Violence

The laws of motion do not justify terrorist violence. Nor do they merge good and evil. Moral distinctions are important to live in human communities. Only the purest pacifist would claim that all violence is bad. Others would distinguish among forms of violence. Particularly governments would continue to defend violence in the name of morality and national security - ignoring the Newtonian warning that carnage begets carnage.
Neurohumoral modulators and sodium balance in experimental heart failure

The acute and chronic interactions of the renal nerves, atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), and mineralocorticoids for the regulation of sodium balance were examined in dogs with an arteriovenous (AV) fistula and the syndrome of high-output heart failure (HOHF) (n = 6). After the AV fistula and bilateral renal denervation, the animals avidly retained sodium for 5-7 days and then regained sodium balance for the subsequent 3 wk. This compensation was associated with the sustained elevations of plasma ANF and the normalization of plasma renin. Subsequent administration of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) for 10 days produced consistent sodium retention despite additional elevations in plasma ANF. All of these responses were similar to previous studies in AV fistula dogs with intact renal nerves. In a separate part of the study, the renal actions of acute synthetic ANF infusions were examined in these renal-denervated AV fistula dogs before and after DOCA. In the pre-DOCA experiments, ANF infusions at 15, 30, and 100 ng.kg-1.min-1 produced dose-related increases in urinary sodium excretion and significant elevations in creatinine clearance. In the presence of DOCA, urinary sodium excretion was markedly attenuated during identical ANF infusions. The composite results suggest that mineralocorticoids have an important modulatory role for the regulation of sodium balance in experimental HOHF. However, compared with earlier studies in compensated AV fistula dogs with intact renal nerves, the present studies demonstrate that blockade of efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity can restore the natriuretic expression of acute elevations in circulating ANF.
Gender, Place, Discursive Space: Where is Same-Sex Marriage?

Performances of stigmatized or transgressive identity have the potential to transform, at one and the same time, an individual's sense of identity, the character of specific places and spaces where identity is performed and seen and responded to, shared social norms of identity, and the legal rules governing identity and identity performances in specific territorial jurisdicitons. This Article addresses these linked identity processes, focusing on the performances of same-sex couples as married. This Article first introduces the idea of gender as performance and the concepts of place and discursive space, especially as these concern the visiblity of GLBTQ individuals and issues. It then asks the question 'Where is same-sex marriage?' It considers four approaches to this place/space question. They are based on territorial jurisdiction; an aterritorial nomos of discourse; the location of a specifc wedding or civil union; and the microperformances of couples as married in everyday life. With this discussion in mind, the Article argues that we too often overlook the function of the places and spaces in which people must interact around identity. 'Asking the place/space question' systematically would enrich our theory, doctrine, and practice. We might put to better use the insights of several disciplines that consider identity as microperformance. In addition, asking the place/space question illuminates how broad claims to 'equal citizenship' are brought to bear on specific controversies and interactions that exclude or stigmatize individuals. Marriage is one practice of citizenship, and exclusion from marriage creates a sense of second-class status. More generally, GLBTQ folk face exclusion or stigmatization in a wide variety of places and spaces. Their claims of a right to membership are mediated through a number of disparate legal doctrines that address specific acts of exclusion or stigmatization as they occur in various types of places and spaces. We can use the place/space question to develop a tiered description of the praxis of deploying an assortment of legal doctrines to challenge this host of specific acts of exclusion, in the service of an overarching sense of inclusive citizenship.
Reply to "Effect of periodic boundary conditions in the calculation of ac conductivity for a one-dimensional percolation model"

The ac hopping conductivity of a one-dimensional bond-percolation model is shown to be given by a weighted average of the conductivity associated with finite clusters over the probability distribution of a site belonging to a finite cluster.
Palladium-Catalyzed Intra- and Intermolecular C-H Arylation Using Mesylates: Synthetic Scope and Mechanistic Studies.

This paper describes the development of Pd-catalyzed inter- and intramolecular direct arylation using mesylates. Furthermore, a sequential mesylation/arylation protocol using phenols as substrates is described. These transformations are general with respect to the electronics of the C–H substrates and allow for the synthesis of diverse heterocyclic motifs in good yields. Both arenes and heteroarenes efficiently participate in these reactions. Preliminary mechanistic studies are presented for both inter- and intramolecular arylations.
Acute cyclosporine-induced renal vasoconstriction: lack of effect of theophylline.

Both acute and chronic administration of cyclosporine A (CSA) lead to renal vasoconstriction, but the mechanism is not fully understood. The present studies were designed to explore the possible role of adenosine in acute CSA-induced renal vasoconstriction in rats. Six groups of anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats were studied using standard clearance techniques: group 1 rats were controls; groups 2, 4, and 6 received CSA intravenously at 20, 30, and 40 mg.h-1.kg body wt-1, respectively; groups 3 and 5 were identical to groups 2 and 4 except that a priming injection of theophylline was given (56 mumol/kg body wt) and theophylline was included in the intravenous infusate (0.56 mumol.min-1.kg body wt-1). CSA produced acute and concentration-dependent reductions in renal plasma flow (left kidney) and in the clearances of p-aminohippuric acid and inulin (both kidneys). Except in group 6, these changes were observed in the absence of a decrease in arterial blood pressure, demonstrating that CSA produced an acute and concentration-dependent increase in renovascular resistance. Theophylline not only failed to block CSA-induced renal vasoconstriction, if anything, it potentiated it. Because theophylline is an adenosine receptor antagonist, these findings contradict the hypothesis that adenosine mediates acute CSA-induced renal vasoconstriction.
To Preannounce or Not: New Product Development in a Competitive Duopoly Market

In this study, we consider the issue of preannouncing or not preannouncing the development of a new product. Our research is motivated by contrasting views in the literature and varying actions observed in practice. We develop and analyze a game theoretic model that examines the effect of a firm's preannouncement of its product development. Our model is based on a durable goods duopoly market with profit-maximizing firms. The first firm is an innovator who initially begins developing the product; the second firm is an imitator that begins developing a competing product as soon as it becomes aware of the innovator's product. We assume that consumers are rationally expectant and purchase at most one unit of the product when they have maximum positive utility surplus that is determined by the characteristics of the product, the consumer's marginal utility, and the consumer's discounted utility for future expected products. The innovator firm can release information about its product when it begins developing the product or can guard information about its product until it introduces the product into the market. Our analysis and numerical tests show that, under some conditions, the innovator firm can benefit by preannouncing its product and giving the imitator firm additional time to differentiate its product. We discuss these conditions and their implications for new product development efforts.
Comparison of randomization-test procedures for single-case multiple-baseline designs

In three simulation investigations, we examined the statistical properties of several different randomization-test procedures for analyzing the data from single-case multiple-baseline intervention studies. Two procedures (Wampold-Worsham and Revusky) are associated with single fixed intervention start points and three are associated with randomly determined intervention start points. Of the latter three, one (Koehler-Levin) is an existing procedure that has been previously examined and the other two (modified Revusky and restricted Marascuilo-Busk) are modifications and extensions of existing procedures. All five procedures were found to maintain their Type I error probabilities at acceptable levels. In most of the conditions investigated here, two of the random start-point procedures (Koehler-Levin and restricted Marascuilo-Busk) were more powerful than the others with respect to detecting immediate abrupt intervention effects. For designs in which it is not possible to include the same series lengths for all cases, either the modified Revusky or restricted Marascuilo-Busk procedure is recommended.
Naturalized Historicism and Hegelian Ethics

Allen Wood's treatment of Hegel's ethics is one of the deeper, more informed and thorough treatments of the subject to come along in any language. Wood treats Hegel as offering something like an ethical theory in the sense in which ethical theory is done in contemporary Anglo-American philosophy. Different themes - happiness, freedom, self-actualization - are treated in terms of how they fit into Hegel's own view and how they compare with alternative accounts (particularly, Kantian and utilitarian accounts). The usual treatment of Hegel's thought is almost always the opposite, following Hegel's own exposition of his ideas. It is not due to accident, failure of nerve or slavish devotion to the text that most commentators closely follow Hegel's own exposition. In Hegel's case, this has a definite logic to it, since Hegel claims the really significant body of what we would call his “arguments” for his position are supposed to be found in his serial dialectical exposition of his ideas. Each new development is supposed to follow dialectically from the preceding one. Thus, if Hegel is right about what he says, then one should not be able to find any arguments on his part for his views outside of his dialectical exposition of them. To expound Hegel's reasons for holding his views quite naturally leads to the idea that we must expound them in the order he gave them.
UN CAMBIO EN LOS PARADIGMAS DE LA INSUFICIENCIA RENAL AGUDA

Entre los anos 2007 y 2009, varios estudios epidemiologicos sobre la Insuficiencia Renal Aguda (IRA), mostraron que la enfermedad tiene caracteristicas clinicas y pronostico distinto y mas severo que los considerados previamente. Otras investigaciones, realizadas entre los anos 2010 y 2014, confirmaron y extendieron esos hallazgos. Tomados en conjunto y con la perspectiva de los estudios posteriores, el resultado de los iniciales ha cambiado los paradigmas de la In- suficiencia Renal Aguda y el manejo de los pacientes. Los estudios mas recientes sugieren que el pronostico de la enfermedad puede estar mejorando, posiblemente como consecuencia del mejor manejo de la enfermedad. El autor fue coinvestigador y dirigio una de las tres entidades que participaron en los estudios originales. A CHANGE IN THE PARADIGMS OF THE ACUTE RENAL FAILURE ABSTRACT Between the years of 2007 and 2009 several epidemiologic studies on Acute Renal Failure showed that the disease has clinical features and prognosis different from the predominating beliefs at the time. Rather than having a benign prognosis after recovery, Acute Renal Failure has a high mortality and a guarded prognosis, with frequent development of progressive chro- nic Kidney Disease and the need for maintenance hemodialysis after apparent recovery. The recommendation was made that these patients be closely followed by a nehrologist after leaving the Hospital. Several other studies between 2010 and 2014 confirmed and extended these findings. Taken as a whole, and with the added information of later publications, these studies have changed the paradigm of Acute Renal failure and the management of patients with that disease. The most recent studies suggest that the disease prognosis may be improving, in part at least as a consequence of the better and more insightful management of the disease. The author was a co-investigator and directed one of the three entities that participated in the original studies.
Enterobacteriaceae Harboring AmpC (blaCMY) and ESBL (blaCTX-M) in Migratory and Nonmigratory Wild Songbird Populations on Ohio Dairies.

Abstract Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) confer bacterial resistance to critically important antimicrobials, including extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs). Livestock are important reservoirs for the zoonotic food-borne transmission of ESC-resistant enteric bacteria. Our aim is to describe the potential role of migratory and resident wild birds in the epidemiology of ESBL-mediated bacterial resistance on dairy farms. Using mist nets, we sampled wild migratory and resident birds either immediately adjacent to or 600 ft away from free-stall barns on three Ohio dairy farms during the 2014 and 2015 spring migrations. Individual swabs were used to obtain both a cloacal and external surface swab from each bird. Samples were inoculated into MacConkey broth containing cefotaxime then inoculated onto MacConkey agar with cefoxitin, cefepime, or meropenem to identify the blaCMY, blaCTX-M, and carbapenemase phenotypes, respectively. Six hundred twenty-three birds were sampled, 19 (3.0%) of which harbored ba...
Going Native to Reach the Digital Natives: New Technologies for the Classroom

There is increasing pressure as educators to promote engagement in the classroom by being not just deliverers of content, but facilitators of the learning process. While there are many approaches, technology integration tools are compelling as many of our students are part of the millennial generation. Digital natives or millennials are transitioning to a screen-based society and are bored with traditional methods of learning . From this teaching approach, the implementation of relevant technological tools into the classroom was prepared utilizing two unique items â€“ Plickers and Flipgrid. The teaching approach objectives of these tools were (a) to address the changing learning needs of students by enhancing the course engagement, (b) to increase student involvement during lectures, (c) to promote students verbal reflective development outside of class, and (d) to help instructor gauge student understanding of course concepts.
Transforaminal Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Pain in the Rehabilitation Patient

Percutaneous, minimally invasive, transforaminal endoscopic spine surgery can address various pathologies, including degenerative disc disease, while incurring the least amount of damage to soft tissues and bony structures that contribute to biomechanical stability of the spine. Patients undergoing this procedure require only conscious sedation and are able to provide the surgeon with accurate and instantaneous feedback regarding their radicular symptoms. They are able to ambulate immediately postoperatively and do not require hospitalization. The development of techniques and advances in equipment design has allowed surgeons to apply this procedure to multiple indications.
Feasibility Study on Active Back Telemetry and Power Transmission Through an Inductive Link for Millimeter-Sized Biomedical Implants

This paper presents a feasibility study of wireless power and data transmission through an inductive link to a 1-mm 2 implant, to be used as a free-floating neural probe, distributed across a brain area of interest. The proposed structure utilizes a four-coil inductive link for back telemetry, shared with a three-coil link for wireless power transmission. We propose a design procedure for geometrical optimization of the inductive link in terms of power transmission efficiency (PTE) considering specific absorption rate and data rate. We have designed a low-power pulse-based active data transmission circuit and characterized performance of the proposed inductive link in terms of its data rate and bit error rate (BER). The 1-mm2 data-Tx/power-Rx coil is implemented using insulated bonding wire with $\text{25}{\text{-}}\mu {\text{m}}$ diameter, resulting in measured PTE in tissue media of 2.01% at 131 MHz and 1.8-cm coil separation distance when the resonator coil inner radius is 1 cm. The measured BER at 1-Mbps data rate was $\text{2.7}\times \text{10}^{-6}$ and $\text{5}\times \text{10}^{-6}$ in the air and tissue environments, respectively.
Community, Class and Conservation: Development Politics on the Kanyakumari Coast

In this article I trace the chequered history of 'community' in the coastal belt of Kanyakumari district, from its immediate post-independence role as a mechanism of state intervention in fisheries development to its use in the 1990s in fisher claims to rights and resources, and as a means for devolving conflict management to the local level. I show that the expansion of the state system, in part through development intervention, opened up a charged political arena where Kanyakumari's fishers acquired new tools to negotiate political authority, redefine community and articulate new rights of citizenship. Most importantly, I demonstrate that the development process furthered the mutual implication of state and community, a process that the state has been reluctant to acknowledge. I end the article by arguing that the Tamil Nadu state government's neglect of marine conservation is a function of a bureaucratic sensibility that distinguishes 'state policy' from 'community politics', and resource conservation from social justice, an attitude that has hardened with economic liberalisation. This perspective has prevented the government from taking seriously artisanal fisher demands for trawler regulation and from recognising artisanal activism as a defence of both sectoral rights and of conservation.
Use of the Neodynium Yag Laser for the Anterior Segment Surgeon

The most recent data available from the FDA indicate that 70% of the intraocular lenses currently being implanted in the United States are of the posterior chamber variety. Anterior chamber lenses account for nearly 30% of the lenses being implanted in the United States, but at least half of these are implanted secondarily, so that over 80% of lenses implanted primarily are posterior chamber lens implants.
Plural Reference and Unbound Pronouns

It is often possible to interpret a plural claim, such as (A) The Fs are G (B) They are G in a way that entails a universal1: $$ (\forall x:Fx)Gx $$ Here ‘F’ represents the explicitly stated predicate in (A) (understood with appropriate contextual limitations) or, in the case of the pronominal construction (B), is a predicate that applies to the contextually relevant individuals being referred to. But once we take in the variety of plural predications, we see that plural reference and predication has several semantic bases, and no such quantificational treatment can be adequate. Ordinary quantification always involves the predication of properties that apply to the individuals referred to. But plural predication often involves properties that apply to a plurality without applying to any individual of that plurality. In fact, plural reference and predication show such variety that a uniform general treatment seems hard to envision.
Regulating Synthesis of the Purple Bacterial Photosystem

The photosystem synthesized by purple bacteria is composed of several membrane spanning polypeptides that act as scaffolding to bind cofactors bacteriochlorophyll, carotenoids, and quinones. Production of the photosystem is suppressed in aerobically growing cells which utilize oxidative phosphorylation (respiration) as their main energy generating system. Under anaerobic conditions, the cells synthesize copious amounts of a photosystem that is housed in intracellular membrane invaginations. Anaerobic synthesis of the pigment and polypeptide components of the photosystem are tightly coordinated with the level of synthesis modulated according to light intensity. To maintain stoichiometric amounts of the pigment and polypeptide components of the photosystem, the cells must coordinately regulate the pigment biosynthetic pathways with synthesis of the structural polypeptides that ultimately bind the pigments. Studies have demonstrated that regulating synthesis of components of the purple bacterial photosystem involves a complex set of transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes. This chapter summarizes our current understanding of these regulatory events.
The Parallel Sum of Generalized Gradients

Let ∂f and ∂g be impedance operators which are the generalized gradients of locally Lipschitzian functions defined in a Banach space. The parallel sum of:og is defined using the joint resistance formula, and is shown to conform with Maxwell's Principle in this general setting.
Abstract 3565: Role of novel microRNA 4287 at a frequently deleted chromosome 8p region in prostate cancer

Deletion of chromosome (chr)8p21-22 region that has been traditionally associated with the loss of homeodomain protein, NKX3.1 and with tumor initiation, is frequently observed in prostate cancer (PCa). More significantly, loss of this region is associated with aggressiveness and poor prognosis of PCa, thereby emphasizing a key role of this region in advanced prostate cancer. In a paradigm shifting hypothesis, we proposed that this frequently deleted locus is associated with a cluster of miRNA genes - miR-3622a/b and miR-383- that are lost in PCa and play an important mechanistic role in PCa progression and metastasis by regulating Epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) and stemness. Extending our hypothesis, in this study we evaluated the role of miR-4287, a miRNA gene located within this region in PCa. We profiled the expression of miR-4287 in laser capture microdissected (LCM) PCa tissues and matched adjacent normal regions by real time PCR. miR-4287 expression was down regulated in ~79% of tissue samples. High miR-4287 expression was observed in 20% of cases. Analyses of miR-4287 expression in prostate cell lines showed that its expression is specifically attenuated in PCa cell lines compared to normal or immortalized prostate epithelial cells. Further, we evaluated the functional role of miR-4287 in prostate cancer by overexpressing miR-4287 precursor in PCa cell lines PC3 and LNCaP. miR-4287 overexpression in PCa cell lines led to decreased cellular viabilities as compared to control cells. Moreover, PCa cell lines overexpressing miR-4287 showed an increase in apoptosis and G0/G1 arrest. Further, we found that miR-4287 inhibits epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PCa as its overexpression in PCa cell lines led to increased E-cadherin and decreased vimentin expression concomitant with morphological changes consistent with mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET). We identified SRC, SFPR4 and CD44 as potential miR-4287 targets. Taken together, our data suggests that miR-4287 plays a significant role as tumor suppressor in PCa pathogenesis. Citation Format: Divya Bhagirath, Thao Yang, Laura Tabatabai, Shahana Majid, Soichiro Yamamura, Rajvir Dahiya, Yuichiro Tanaka, Sharanjot Saini. Role of novel microRNA 4287 at a frequently deleted chromosome 8p region in prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3565.
Disease-associated short tandem repeats co-localize with chromatin domain boundaries

More than 25 inherited human disorders are caused by the unstable expansion of repetitive DNA sequences termed short tandem repeats (STRs). A fundamental unresolved question is why some STRs are susceptible to pathologic expansion, whereas thousands of repeat tracts across the human genome are relatively stable. Here, we discover that nearly all disease-associated STRs (daSTRs) are located at boundaries demarcating 3D chromatin domains. We identify a subset of boundaries with markedly higher CpG island density compared to the rest of the genome. daSTRs specifically localize to ultra-high-density CpG island boundaries, suggesting they might be hotspots for epigenetic misregulation or topological disruption linked to STR expansion. Fragile X syndrome patients exhibit severe boundary disruption in a manner that correlates with local loss of CTCF occupancy and the degree of FMR1 silencing. Our data uncover higher-order chromatin architecture as a new dimension in understanding repeat expansion disorders.
Challenging Accepted Scripts of Sexual “Normality”: Asexual Narratives of Non-normative Identity and Experience

Sexual desire is often assumed to be natural and universally experienced by all adult human beings. The lived experiences of asexual individuals, however, are beginning to challenge this assumption. The purpose of this research is to gain a better understanding of asexual experience and identity. This study employed life story interviews with ten self-identified asexual individuals. Results show that asexuality is far more complicated than just a lack of sexual attraction. Respondents in this study arrived at an asexual identity after a discovery process, one that involved research on various sexualities. Participants report discovering an identity that “fit” through research on digital mediums, with Reddit being particularly influential. Several respondents reported trouble with their gender identity, particularly the set of sexual expectations that were hitched to their respective gender expressions. Many respondents noted that they were often assumed to be homosexual. Several participants described their “coming out” process as very similarly aligned with homosexual disclosure. Most respondents first had sexual encounters before realizing their asexual orientation. All respondents experienced relationships, community, connection and romance on their own terms, in unique and creative ways. This group of participants were by no means isolated. Indeed, all interviewees reported involvement in strong communities and many respondents experienced support from others. That said, several respondents did endure resistance, denial and pathologizing reactions from other people, including family members. The insights from this study challenge the normative ways we imagine sexuality, romance and attraction.
Formation of globular cluster systems - II. Impact of the cut-off of the cluster initial mass function

Observations of young star clusters reveal that the high-mass end of the cluster initial mass function (CIMF) deviates from a pure power-law and instead truncates exponentially. We investigate the effects of this truncation on the formation of globular cluster (GC) systems by updating our analytic model for cluster formation and evolution, which is based on dark matter halo merger trees coupled to empirical galactic scaling relations, and has been shown in previous work to match a wide array of observational data. The cutoff masses of $M_c=10^{6.5} M_{\odot}$ or $10^{7}M_{\odot}$ match many scaling relations: between the GC system mass and host halo mass, between the average metallicity of the GC system and host halo mass, and the distribution of cluster masses. This range of $M_c$ agrees with indirect measurements from extragalactic GC systems. Models with $M_c<10^{6.5}M_{\odot}$ cannot reproduce the observed GC metallicity and mass distributions in massive galaxies. The slope of the mass-metallicity relation for metal-poor clusters (blue tilt) for all $M_c$ models is consistent with observations within their errors, when measured using the same method. We introduce an alternative, more robust fitting method, which reveals a trend of increasing tilt slope for lower $M_c$. In our model the blue tilt arises because the metal-poor clusters form in relatively low-mass galaxies which lack sufficient cold gas to sample the CIMF at highest masses. Massive blue clusters form in progressively more massive galaxies and inherit their higher metallicity. The metal-rich clusters do not exhibit such a tilt because they form in significantly more massive galaxies, which have enough cold gas to fully sample the CIMF.
In what ways do religious congregations address HIV? examining predictors of different types of congregational HIV activities

Religious congregations play an important role in HIV prevention and care. However, most research on congregation-based HIV activities has focused on prevention. Using data from a nationally repres...
Beyond Reciprocity: Democracies of Vigilance and Empire

It is my pleasure to join this conversation about James T. Kloppenberg’s tour-de-force survey of European and American thinking on the problem of democracy. A scholarly contribution of immense prop...
Systematic Review of Topical Hemostatic Agent Use in Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery.

Background and objectives To perform a systematic review of articles evaluating hemostatic effectiveness and peri-operative outcomes when topical hemostatic agents (HA) are used in minimally invasive gynecologic surgeries (MIGS) for benign conditions. Methods Studies published through March 31, 2017 were retrieved through PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify all eligible studies. No studies were excluded based on publish date. All comparative studies or case series with >10 participants reporting use of at least one topical HA in MIGS for benign conditions were included as long as full-text articles were available and written in English. Studies were excluded if surgery was done for malignancy or completed via an open approach. Articles that included multiple surgical subspecialties were excluded if data related to MIGS was unable to be isolated. Evaluation for eligibility and data extraction was performed by three independent reviewers. Quality of evidence was also assessed by each reviewer. Results From 132 articles, a total of 8 studies were included in this systematic review. We found that use of fibrin sealant decreased time to hemostasis, postoperative hemoglobin drop, and estimated blood loss (EBL) compared with bipolar energy and reduced the overall operative time in laparoscopic myomectomy. When fibrin sealant use at time of myomectomy was compared to bipolar energy there was no significant difference in the rate of postoperative complications. Furthermore, there was less of a decrease in anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) level when a thrombin-gelatin matrix was used compared to bipolar energy on ovarian tissue. Conclusion Application of topical HA in MIGS can reduce operative time, blood loss, and ameliorate damage to ovarian function. However, more data needs to be gathered for use of HA during different types of gynecologic procedures (adnexal surgery, myomectomy, and hysterectomy) to provide better quality evidence to guide their use.
Biomedical applications of terahertz technologies (Conference Presentation)

Millimeter-wave technologies for the automotive industry are driving inexpensive source/receiver hardware solutions for a wide variety of applications. In order to accurately assess signature characteristics of various scenes, we tested the appropriateness of using an artificial torso in controlled environments and compared the results to data from live subjects. High-range resolution (HRR) backscatter Radar Cross Section (RCS) data from targets and in-scene calibration objects were obtained using a 75GHz transceiver with 8GHz bandwidth. Data was collected for both the artificial torso and live subjects at varying aspects in controlled environments – this included studying the RCS response at different illumination angles while calibrating the response using in-scene calibration targets. Comparing the HRR profiles has allowed UML/UMMS researchers to accurately assess and demonstrate the utilization of artificial constructs in scenes for testing the system response characteristics.
Laser-clad Ni70Al20Cr7Hf3 alloys with extended solid solution of Hf: Part II. Oxidation behavior

Ni-Al-Cr-Hf coatings with an extended solid solution of Hf were fabricated by laser cladding a premixed powder with a Ni-Al-Cr-Hf ratio of 70∶20∶7∶3 onto a substrate of RENE 80. Isothermal oxidation tests in slowly flowing air reveal that the claddings have a lower weight-gain rate than the substrate itselt. Microchemistry and microstructures of the oxidized samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The improvement in oxidation resistance is believed to be at least partially due to the formation of large numbers of hafnium-rich oxide spikes penetrating the unoxidized sample.
Editors’ Note on Transparency and Reporting StandardsJournal of Research on Educational Effectiveness

Education research (along with other fields) is moving toward greater transparency in research practices and publication. This is a crucial step to help ensure trust in research and that decisions ...