cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Immediate Single Tooth Replacement With Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft Using Platform Switching Implants: A Case Series

This case series evaluated the facial gingival stability following single immediate tooth replacement in conjunction with subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG). Implant success rate and peri...
An Alternative Approach to the Analysis of the U.S. Per Capita Income Convergence

This paper examines U.S. per capita income convergence in 1929-2002 using a panel approach based on the assumptions of multiple aggregate structural breaks and growth clubs. One novelty is that our specification explicitly allows for regional conditional convergence to the nation, while at the same time allowing for regional-growth clubs in which states conditionally converge to their regional average. In general, the results support those who argue the entire cross-section of growth dynamics should be examined. In particular, the estimates of convergence speed from previous studies are strongly affected by a post-1982 divergence and a club-growth pattern, which are ignored under simpler econometric specifications.
What, Then, Is There To Theorize About?

WHY DOES MANKIND create records and preserve them? The answer is carved in monumental stone: "What is past is prologue." This sophisticated motto, with its tone of universality, proclaims a perennial purpose, an irrefutable sequence, whether it be in the functioning of government, in the operation of private enterprise, or in the daily life of the person impelled by necessity or desire. Recorded experience, useful in countless ways, indispensable for some purposes of temporary or long-term value, soon becomes historical. The aphorism "No records, no history" is axiomatic, for these are the sources of history—written documents for the mpst part, but including oral documentation and artifacts of man's making, past and present. If this exposition addresses the theory concerning the creation and preservation of records, it may suggest how intimately related are the theoretical and the practical, and how critical is the responsibility of the oldtime "keeper" who has become the archivist. The question "What, then, is there to theorize about?" lies at the heart of the propositions and arguments of archivist and historian Frank G. Burke in "The Future Course of Archival Theory in the United States." A brief review of the pragmatic course of practice and theory may provide perspective for his plea for archival theory. As the public records of the American colonies, and in turn of the United States, have their antecedents in those of Great Britain, so some precedents in the accumulation and preservation of British records and their transformation into archives provide perspective in comprehending principles and practice, along with such theory as may be identified. In "Confessions of an Archivist," V.H. Galbraith, who was an assistant keeper of the records toward the end of the first century at the British Public Record Office (established in 1838),
The extent to which melanoma alters tissue-resident dendritic cell function correlates with tumorigenicity

We have shown that melanoma-derived factors alter the function of differentiated tissue-resident dendritic cells (DC) in a tumorigenicity-dependent manner. Soluble factors, including TGFβ1 and VEGF-A, contributed to dendritic cell dysfunction associated with a highly-aggressive melanoma and conferred a phenotype upon DC likely to favor immune escape and tumor outgrowth.
Modeling Scientific Processes with Mathematics Equations Enhances Student Qualitative Conceptual Understanding and Quantitative Problem Solving.

Amid calls for integrating science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (iSTEM) in K–12 education, there is a pressing need to uncover productive methods of integration. Prior research has shown that increasing contextual linkages between science and mathematics is associated with student problem solving and conceptual understanding. However, few studies explicitly test the benefits of specific instructional mechanisms for fostering such linkages. We test the effect of students developing a modeled process mathematical equation of a scientific phenomenon. Links between mathematical variables and processes within the equation and fundamental entities and processes of the scientific phenomenon are embedded within the equation. These connections are made explicit as students participate in model development. Pre–post gains are tested in students from diverse high school classrooms studying inheritance. Students taught using this instructional approach are contrasted against students in matched classrooms implementing more traditional instruction (Study 1) or prior traditional instruction from the same teachers (Study 2). Students given modeled process instruction improved more in their ability to solve complex mathematical problems compared to traditionally instructed students. These modeled process students also show increased conceptual understanding of mathematically modeled processes. The observed effects are not due to differences in instructional time or teacher effects.
PERSONALITY AND INTELLIGENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECTED HIGH SCHOOL ATHLETES AND NONATHLETES.

Abstract Selected high school athletes (junior and senior lettermen in baseball, basketball, football, swimming, and wrestling) were compared with nonathletes from the same population for differences in selected profile scales, as indicated by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), and intelligent quotients (I). Personality characteristics in terms of MMPI categories of hypochondriasis (Hs), depression (D), hysteria (hy), psychopathic deviation (Pd), femininity (Mf), paranoia (Pa), and psychasthenia (Pt) distinguished betweeen athletic and nonathletic groups. Femininity and intelligence were significantly lower for all athletic groups when compared with the nonathletic group. Hypochondriasis was significantly higher for all athletic groups, except swimmers, when compared with the nonathletic group. Only hypomania (Ma) and the validity scale (K) failed to differentiate between athletic and nonathletic groups.
Modelling Requirements for Self-integrating Manufacturing Systems

This paper discusses modelling requirements to support self-integrating manufacturing systems. Integration requires reconciliation of mismatch in various forms of context. Four forms of mismatch involving software components and aspect of the enterprise are identified. Although the paper stops short of describing a complete solution, aspects of the solution, as they relate to the four forms of mismatch, are discussed.
Exact Integrations of Polynomials and High-Order Quadratures for Finite-Volume Methods with Arbitrary Polyhedral Grids

This paper is concerned with two important elements in the high-order accurate spatial discretization of finite volume equations over arbitrary grids. One element is the integration of basis functions over arbitrary domains, which is used in expressing various spatial integrals in terms of discrete unknowns. The other consists of quadrature approximations to those integrals. Only polynomial basis functions applied to polyhedral and polygonal grids are treated here. Non-triangular polygonal faces are subdivided into a union of planar triangular facets, and the resulting triangulated polyhedron is subdivided into a union of tetrahedra. The straight line segment, triangle, and tetrahedron are thus the fundamental shapes that are the building blocks for all integrations and quadrature approximations. Integrals of products up to the fifth order are derived in a unified manner for the three fundamental shapes in terms of the position vectors of vertices. Results are given both in terms of tensor products and products of Cartesian coordinates. The exact polynomial integrals are used to obtain symmetric quadrature approximations of any degree of precision up to five for arbitrary integrals over the three fundamental domains. Using a coordinate-fre e formulation, simple and rational procedures are developed to derive virtually all quadrature formulas, including some previously unpublished. Four symmetry groups of quadrature points are introduced to derive Gauss formulas, while their limiting forms are used to derive Lobatto formulas. Representative Gauss and Lobatto formulas are tabulated. The relative efficiency of their application to polyhedral and polygonal grids is discussed.
Dietary problems after gastric resection.

Following gastric resection, there are wide individual variations in response to food. Thus individualized dietary treatment is necessary to alleviate alterations in digestion.
Enforcing Fourth Amendment Rights Through Federal Habeas Corpus: The New Case for Overturning Stone V. Powell

This article reassesses the use of federal habeas corpus to enforce the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures. In 1976, the U.S. Supreme Court prohibited virtually all substantive review of search-and-seizure claims in federal habeas proceedings. A wave of critical commentary followed, arguing that there was no legitimate reason to distinguish the Fourth Amendment from other constitutional rights. In recent years, however, this anomaly in habeas corpus practice has gone almost entirely unexamined despite dramatic changes in the law governing both the Fourth Amendment and habeas corpus itself. This article does two things. First, it reviews the history of habeas review of search-and-seizure claims, concluding that the basis for current doctrine was once stronger than its early critics admitted. Second, this article shows that subsequent changes in both the exclusionary rule, and in habeas practice generally, render current doctrine ripe for reassessment. It examines each of the rationales that might have justified exempting search-and-seizure claims from the ordinary scope of habeas review and shows that legal developments since 1976 render them all inadequate to justify current doctrine. The Court itself has come to ground Stone entirely on the assumption that the incremental cost of enforcing the Fourth Amendment exclusionary rule on habeas outweighs the speculative benefits. By adopting a good faith exception to the exclusionary rule; a one-year statute of limitations on habeas petitions; and a reasonableness standard of review in habeas cases, the Court and Congress have now ensured that only the clearest of violations from the most recent cases would give rise to habeas relief. As a result, the cost of applying the writ to search-and-seizure claims is dramatically lowered, and this article thus concludes that Stone should be overruled. A final section responds to the likely criticism that, because habeas corpus is governed by statute, one should employ traditional notions of statutory interpretation in assessing the continuing validity of the Stone rule. This article demonstrates that those methods would be indeterminate, and in any event, because Stone purported to be a constitutional decision, rather than one interpreting a statute, it should be reassessed according to the criteria that the Court used to justify it in the first place.
Circular Dichroism Analysis of MRJP2 Purified from Royal Jelly

MRJP2, a member of the major royal jelly protein(MRJP) family, was extracted from fresh royal jelly, purif ied by affinity chromatography, molecular sieve chromatography and ion exchange chromatography and identified by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrum. The MRJP protein was analyzed by synchrotron radiation circular dichroism(SRCD) to clarify its secondary structure as a function of temperature, pH and ion concentrations. The results of this study showed that heat treatment at elevated temperatures from 10 to 90 ℃ resulted in increased proportion of α-helix and decreased proportion of β-strand and random coil, while the proportion of β-turn kept stable. As the pH varied from 4.0 to 9.0, the proportion of α-helix revealed an initial decrease followed by an increase, the highest proportions of β-strand and random coil were found at pH 5.0 and 8.0, respectively, and the proportion of β-turn remained basically unchanged. After different metal ions were added in the protein solution, the proportion of α-helix was increased by Ca 2+ but decreased by Mg 2+ and Zn 2+.
The resistance dynamics of Musca domestica to insecticides and the control strategies in the 26 years in Jinan city

Objective To investigate the resistance dynamics of Musca domesticain the 26 years in Jinan city for the development of its control strategies.Methods The micro drop method was used for bioassay of M. domesticacollected in different years in different parts of the city to determine its resistance status and trends. Insecticides dissolved in acetone were applied topically on the thoracic notum of female adults.Results M. domesticain Jinan city and surrounding area in 1982 were susceptible to conventional pyrethrin chemicals. However, 26 years later, the susceptibility of M. domesticato conventional pyrethrin chemicals decreased to varying degrees. Compared with the susceptible strain, the resistance of field housefly to deltamethrn and to bata-cypermethrinwas was 75.00-211.67 and 25.52-116.21 folds in 2008 respectively, indicating that the degree of housefly resistance was at a medium or high level.Conclusion The resistance of M. domesticato pyrethrin chemicals in Jinan and the surrounding areas has developed to varying degrees. Strategies for the control of resistance should be developed based on the local conditions.
Simulation of the cyclic steady state for pressure swing adsorption

sing the equilibrium model developed by the author for bulk separation of multicomponents,simulation of the PSA cycle for concentrating H, from ammonia plant purge gas was carried out. For the considered calculation examplest it took 5 cycles to reach the cyclic steady state.An analysis shows that the results are theoretically reasonable and well fit for the basic law of adsorption and desorption experimentally determined. Thus the present model is applicable.
Benign clear cell tumor of lung.

A case of benign clear cell tumor of lung is presented. The nature and characteristic histologic features of this tumor are reviewed.
Clinicians' Views of Hepatitis C Virus Treatment Candidacy With Direct-Acting Antiviral Regimens for People Who Inject Drugs

ABSTRACTBackground: Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are curative in most persons with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, high cost and concerns about adherence and reinfection may present continued barriers to treatment, particularly for people who inject drugs (PWID). Objective: To understand changes in assessments of treatment candidacy, given advances in treatment. Methods: Clinicians attending the Liver Meeting® in 2014 who reported prescribing HCV treatment in the past three years were invited to complete a survey regarding HCV treatment decisions. Participants assessed their likelihood to treat HCV in PWID in association with time of abstinence from injection drug use and what impacts their decision to provide treatment using interferon and DAAs. Results: 108 clinicians completed the survey; 10% were willing to treat an active PWID (last injection within 30 days) using interferon-containing regimens, and 15% with all-oral regimens. For each increasing time interval of injection abst...
The efficacy of sex‐chromosomal markers in studies of Cercopithecus hybridization: Discovery of a captive hybrid and applications in wild populations

We demonstrate the utility of previously described molecular methods for identifying hybrid Cercopithecus monkeys. Using phylogenetic analyses and DNA sequence comparisons at X-chromosomal and Y-chromosomal loci, we have identified a hybrid animal in the Cheyenne Mountain Zoo (USA)--an identification that was not known a priori but was later confirmed by review of zoo records. The molecular techniques employed here are of great use to studies of the genus Cercopithecus because, unlike most mammals, these monkeys frequently form polyspecific associations, and recent deforestation is likely to have driven otherwise low-level hybridization to higher frequencies which may reduce the fitness of threatened populations. Y-chromosomal markers are especially informative because they provide working hypotheses for (1) the primary mechanism of hybridization (i.e., species A males × species B females) and, by extension; (2) the major direction of gene flow.
A Closer Look at Encounter Therapies

(1970). A Closer Look at Encounter Therapies. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy: Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 192-209.
Satisfactions and dissatisfactions of graduating family practice residents.

Background This study was conducted to determine whether the types of professional satisfactions and dissatisfactions experienced by family practice residents in one program were characteristic of those experienced by residents from other programs. Methods Materials and procedures developed previously were used in a study of 23 residents from five family medicine programs. Respondents were interviewed in the spring of their graduation year. Transcripts of these interviews were examined for the presence of specific themes relating to professional satisfactions and dissatisfactions. Results Themes found in the interviews from all five programs were similar to each other and to the themes uncovered previously. Satisfactions were related to the interpersonal aspects of patient care, the intellectual aspects of medicine, the process of delivering care, and instances of intervention in critical situations. An additional source of satisfaction, not found previously, was derived from activities in certain specific content areas of family medicine. Dissatisfactions reflected concerns about the bureaucratic climate in which medicine is currently practiced, time demands of a medical career, frustrations with patient behavior, and negative feelings about the professional situation of the family practice resident. Conclusions Having corroborated the existence of satisfaction and dissatisfaction themes found earlier, results of this research may provide information to educators about the professional identity of the family physicians they are training.
A dynamical modeling approach for analysis of longitudinal clinical trials in the presence of missing endpoints

Randomized longitudinal clinical trials are the gold standard to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions among different patient treatment groups. However, analysis of such clinical trials becomes difficult in the presence of missing data, especially in the case where the study endpoints become difficult to measure because of subject dropout rates or/and the time to discontinue the assigned interventions are different among the patient groups. Here we report on using a validated mathematical model combined with an inverse problem approach to predict the values for the missing endpoints. A small randomized HIV clinical trial where endpoints for most of patients are missing is used to demonstrate this approach.
Enhanced Performance of Si MIS Photocathodes Containing Oxide-Coated Nanoparticle Electrocatalysts

Electrodepositing low loadings of metallic nanoparticle catalysts onto the surface of semiconducting photoelectrodes is a highly attractive approach for decreasing catalyst costs and minimizing optical losses. However, securely anchoring nanoparticles to the photoelectrode surface can be challenging—especially if the surface is covered by a thin insulating overlayer. Herein, we report on Si-based photocathodes for the hydrogen evolution reaction that overcome this problem through the use of a 2–10 nm thick layer of silicon oxide (SiOx) that is deposited on top of Pt nanoparticle catalysts that were first electrodeposited on a 1.5 nm SiO2|p-Si(100) absorber layer. Such insulator–metal–insulator–semiconductor (IMIS) photoelectrodes exhibit superior durability and charge transfer properties compared to metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) control samples that lacked the secondary SiOx overlayer. Systematic investigation of the influence of particle loading, SiOx layer thickness, and illumination intensity sug...
A concept analysis of moral resilience.

Abstract Background Nurses experience moral distress, which has led to emotional distress, frustration, anger, and nurse attrition. Overcoming moral distress has become a significant focus in nursing research. Purpose The continued focus on moral distress has not produced sustainable solutions within the nursing profession. Since positive language may alter the outcomes of morally distressing situations, we look to better understand one such positive phrase, moral resilience. Methods We explored moral resilience through a literature search using 11 databases to identify instances of the phrase. Occurrences of moral resilience were then divided into three distinct categories: antecedents, attributes, and consequences, and following this, major themes within each category were identified. Discussion There is a dearth of scholarship on moral resilience, and additionally, there is currently no unifying definition. Despite this, our analysis offers promising direction in refining the concept. Conclusion This concept analysis reveals differences in how moral resilience is understood. More conceptual work is needed to refine the definition of moral resilience and understand how the concept is useful in mitigating the negative consequences of moral distress and other types of moral adversity.
Leveraging Data and People to Accelerate Data Science

Doing data science - extracting insight by analyzing data - is not easy. Data science is used to answer interesting questions that typically involve multiple diverse data sources, many different types of analysis, and often, large and messy data volumes. To answer one of these questions, several types of expertise may be needed to understand the context and domain being served, to import and transform individual data sets, to implement effective machine learning and/or statistical methods, to design and program applications and interfaces to extract and share data and insights, and to manage the data and systems used for analysis and storage. In the IBM Research Accelerated Discovery Lab, we are studying how data scientists work, and using what we learn to help them gain insights faster. In this talk, we will look at what we have learned to date, through user studies and experience with tens of analytics projects, and the environment that we’ve built as a result. In particular, I will describe how we capture information to enable contextual search, provenance queries, and other functionality to afford teams faster progress in data-intensive investigations. I will also touch on our efforts to leverage data and people to explain what happens during an investigation, with an ultimate goal of moving from descriptive to prescriptive analytics in order to accelerate data science and the analytic process. I will illustrate these various efforts using an ambitious current project on applying metagenomics to food safety, and will conclude with a discussion of where more work is needed and our future directions.
State and Development in Ethiopia

Late industrializers in the twentieth century usually adopted specific ideologies, or guiding principles, designed to mobilize their citizens toward industrial transformation. Depending on the state’s strategic policy, some ideologies specifically targeted the business sector and disciplined other areas such as agricultural interests and labor, and others appealed to the popular masses—the working class and the peasantry. Thus, the preferences of the state and the strategic policies of the developmental elite differ from nation to nation depending on the states’ histories, political systems, cultures, geographic location, and specific domestic and international conditions as well as their period of insertion into the global economy, which might favor or disfavor an industrial undertaking.
Significs (1953); Significs and Philosophy (1922)

The Dutch mathematician and philosopher Gerrit Mannoury (1867–1956) was the central figure and main authority in the various signific/semiotic groups in The Netherlands. His publications, reaching from mathematics to politics and philosophy, were even recognized in the major Dutch general encyclopedia, in particular the 1953 edition of the “Winkler Prins”. His definitions were general information and he even wrote “signific informal talks”, focusing on a broad and interested public. An English translation of a few essential definitions in this chapter give an idea of how Mannoury contributed to the debate and the education in significs of the general public. Others can be consulted in Susan Petrilli’s monumental work on Lady Welby: Signifying and Understanding, 2009, Chapter 7.
Exploring Social Norms as a Framework to Understand Decisions to be Physically Active

ABSTRACTIn light of public health concerns surrounding the consequences of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity, exploring ways to encourage physically active lifestyles has become a critical concern for researchers. Social norms, conceptualized as how individuals perceive the beliefs and behaviors of significant others, have the potential to be a powerful influence on individuals. The investigation of social norms, initially grounded in theory of planned behavior, evolved to be the focal point of the focus theory of normative construct and the theory of normative social behavior. This more complex conceptualization of social norms provided insight into how perceptions of social norms influence decisions about health-related behaviors. The purpose of this review is to present social norm theories as a viable framework to investigate how environments can be structured to promote physical activity.
Utility of a patient-reported outcome in measuring functional impairment during autologous stem cell transplant in patients with multiple myeloma.

We aimed to determine the utility of a patient-reported outcome (PRO) as it relates to patient performed testing (PPT) for measuring functional status in multiple myeloma patients after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HCT). Symptom interference on walking (a PRO) was measured by the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI). PPT was assessed via 6-min walk test (6MWT). Mixed effects modeling was used to examine (1) the longitudinal relationship between the MDASI score and 6MWT distance and (2) the MDASI scores between patients who did or did not complete the 6WMT. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to quantify the construct validity of the PRO by differentiating performance status. Seventy-nine patients were included. Mean 6MWT distance significantly correlated with MDASI-walking interference score (PRO) over the first month of auto-HCT (est = 6.09, p = 0.006). There was a significantly higher completion rate for MDASI versus 6MWT at each time point (p < 0.01). Patients who completed the 6MWT reported less interference on walking during the study period (est = 1.61, p < 0.0001). Finally, the PRO demonstrated significant construct validity for measuring functioning status with MDASI-walking against ECOG-PS as the anchor (AUC = 0.77, 95% CI 0.60–0.94, p = 0.003). The PRO of MDASI-walking interference is a valid physical functioning measure, correlating with an objective functional measure (6MWT) in MM patients undergoing auto-HCT. As patients with poorer functional status during therapy are less likely to complete PPT, this PRO may offer a more practical quantitative measure of functioning in patients.
Carbamoylated erythropoietin modulates cognitive outcomes of social defeat and differentially regulates gene expression in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus.

Cognitive deficits are widespread in psychiatric disorders and frequently as debilitating as the affective component. Widely prescribed antidepressants for treating depressive disorders have limited efficacy in normalizing cognitive function. Erythropoietin (Epo) has been shown to improve cognitive function in schizophrenia and treatment resistant depressed patients. However, the potent elevation of red blood cell counts by Epo can cause hematological complications in non-anemic patients. We investigated a chemically engineered, posttranslational modification of Epo, carbamoylation, which renders it non-erythropoietic. We conducted mass-spectrometry-based peptide mapping of carbamoylated Epo (Cepo) and tested its ability to improve cognitive function after social defeat stress. Gene expression analysis in discrete brain regions was performed to obtain mechanistic insight of Cepo action. Cepo reversed stress-induced spatial working memory deficits while affecting long-term (24 h) novel object recognition in these rats. Contextual fear conditioning following defeat was enhanced by Cepo, but attenuated in controls. However, Cepo improved fear extinction in all rats compared to vehicle treatment. Cepo induced differential gene expression of BDNF, VGF, Arc, TH. and neuritin in the mPFC and discrete hippocampal subfields, with strongest induction in the dorsal hippocampus. Analysis of gene–brain region–behavior interactions showed that Cepo-induced neurotrophic mechanisms influence cognitive function. Carbamoylated erythropoietin can be developed as a therapeutic neurotrophic agent to treat cognitive dysfunction in neuropsychiatric diseases. Due to its distinct mechanism of action, it is unlikely to cross react with the activity of currently prescribed small molecule drugs and can be used as an add-on biologic drug.
The logical problem of language acquisition

Arguments from the ‘Logical Problem of Language Acquisition’ suggest that since linguistic experience provides few negative data that would falsify overgeneral grammatical hypotheses, innate knowledge of the principles of Universal Grammar must constrain learners’ hypothesis formulation. Although this argument indicates a need for domain-specific constraints, it does not support their innateness. Learning from mostly positive data proceeds unproblematically in virtually all domains. Since not every domain can plausibly be accorded its own special faculty, the probative value of the argument in the linguistic case is dubious. In ignoring the holistic and probablistic nature of theory construction, the argument underestimates the extent to which positive data can supply negative evidence and hence overestimates the intractability of language learning in the absence of a dedicated faculty. While nativism about language remains compelling, the alleged ‘Logical Problem’ contributes nothing to its plausibility and the emphasis on the Problem in the recent acquisition literature has been a mistake.
Biochemical and metabolic changes in plants induced by chlorophenoxy herbicides

A discussion1 of chlorophenoxy herbicide-induced biochemical and metabolic changes involves consideration of plant composition, metabolic processes and pathways, relationship of chemical structure to biological activity, and the ultimate fate of the herbicides. Reviews by BRIAN (1964), SKOOG (1951), VAN OVERBEEK (1961 a), WOODFORD et al. (1958), WORT (1954), and WORT (1964 a and b) discuss various aspects of the effects of chlorophenoxy herbicides on plant composition and metabolism. Discussions on the mode of action of these herbicides are contained in reviews by BURSTRDM (1955), CARNS and ADDICOTT (1964), CRAFTS (1961), HILTON et al (1963), and VAN OVERBEEK (1961 b, 1964). Investigations into the various aspects of the fate of the herbicide in the plant are relatively recent and have been reviewed by AUDUS (1961), CRAFTS (1964), FREED and MONTGOMERY (1963), SHAW et al (1960), and WAIN (1961).
A Tale of Two Complications of Obesity: NASH and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in developed countries and its incidence is rapidly increasing. Cirrhosis, and the dreaded complication of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), are the major drivers of morbidity and mortality in NASH. Conventional understanding has been that chronic liver damage leads to a cycle of cell death, regeneration and fibrosis during which HCC precursor cells undergo malignant transformation and lead to cancer initiation. This is supported by epidemiologic data which shows that cirrhosis precedes HCC in more than 90% of patients with several forms of chronic liver disease like hepatitis C and alcohol cirrhosis. But the link between fibrosis and carcinogenesis seems less definitive in patients with NASH as a sizeable proportion of NASH patients with HCC do not have significant underlying fibrosis. Several case reports and case series have pointed out this phenomenon of HCC arising in non-cirrhotic NASH (1), and a recent meta-analysis of 19 studies has shown that the prevalence of HCC in non-cirrhotic NASH was up to 38.0% (2). The mechanisms that contribute to the development of HCC in obesity in the absence of NASH and/or overt fibrosis or cirrhosis have remained unexplored. A possible mechanism to explain the role of obesity in the pathogenesis of HCC independent of NASH, was recently reported in a paper in Cell (3) .
Reliability Improvement of Power Inverters for Low-Speed High-Power Motor Drives

Reliability of power inverters is of paramount importance in safety-critical applications, such as electric vehicles, electric aircrafts, and the like. A failure of a semiconductor device may cause cascaded faults in the power inverters and thus the systems or even lead to catastrophic disasters. Particularly, for low-speed high-power motor-drive applications, the power cycling lifetime of semiconductor device and thus the power inverters will be subject to dramatic degradation during long time of heavy-duty operation, which in fact has received little attention over the past years. In this paper, a novel discontinuous pulse width modulation (NDPWM) strategy will be investigated to improve the power cycling lifetime of MOSFET-based power inverters for low-speed high-power motor-drive applications. Simulation and experimental results verified the efficacy of the NDPWM method, and performance comparison is conducted with the traditional SVPWM and DPWM methods.
Rhizobium Leguminosarum CE3 Lipopolysaccharide Structure Required in Symbiosis with Bean

Rhizobium species produce several types of surface polysaccharides, including lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), acidic extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs), β(1,2)-glucans, and the recently discovered Kdo-rich polysaccharides (Reuhs, et al, submitted). From studies of polysaccharide-deficient mutants, each of these polysaccharides has been implicated as being required in symbiosis with legume hosts, although not all of them are required in every host-microsymbiont combination (Noel, 1992).
The Bridges 2018 mathematical art exhibitions

This report contains a number of art works that were displayed at the Mathematical Art Exhibitions at the 2018 Bridges Conference in Stockholm, Sweden. There were awards for the best 2D and 3D art ...
Beyond the Digital Analogy in Constitutional Law

Digital technologies permit activities and modes of communications unthinkable just a few decades ago. They also throw into question longstanding doctrines in constitutional law: the Dormant Commerce Clause has long functioned through fixed boundaries between states; the First Amendment has long presumed that speech mediums have been meaningfully restricted; the Fourth Amendment has long taken for granted that what containers can hold is substantially limited, as is the government’s capacity to access those containers. At the birth of the digital era, commentators wrote extensively about whether new constitutional rules were necessary to adjudicate issues presented by digital technologies based on the progress those technologies were likely to undergo. And in the quarter century since the birth of that era, the Court has begun to grapple with constitutional questions introduced by those digital technologies. This Article is the first to collect and analyze the Court’s digital constitutional jurisprudence. It shows that despite the range of technologies involved, the Court has overwhelmingly analyzed the constitutional significance of digital technologies according to the constitutional status of older, non-digital technologies. This Article coins that principle at the heart of the Court’s digital constitutional jurisprudence “the digital analogy” and explores the integrative benefits that principle has served in denying the need for new constitutional rules. Yet many of the Court’s famous errors regarding new technologies have stemmed from overreliance on the principle underlying the digital analogy, and in recent cases the Court has declined to accept it without articulating a theory for courts to use in evaluating when to move beyond the digital analogy to create digital-specific constitutional rules. This article presents such a theory by rooting the digital analogy in constitutional doctrine rather than technological sameness or novelty. It then uses this model of understanding the digital analogy to resolve a number of splits in state and circuit courts on whether constitutional issues presented by a particular technology lend themselves to the digital analogy. It concludes by arguing in favor of digital constitutional rules in specific circumstances.
Evolution of the STAR Framework OO model for the Multi-Core era

With the era of multi-core CPUs, software parallelism is becoming both affordable as well as a practical need. Especially interesting is to re-evaluate the adaptability of the high energy and nuclear physics sophisticated, but time-consuming, event reconstruction frameworks to the reality of the multi-threaded environment. The STAR offline OO ROOT-based framework implements a well-known "standard model" composed of chained modules, where input for each module is the output of the other modules. At its basic principle, modules do not communicate with each other directly and act as consumers and providers of data structures. They use the framework via the special “query” / “publish” API to query the presence of the input data and publish the output results the modules produce. As a proof of principle, we will show that by complementing the base framework with the ability to start several modules in parallel and synchronize the global data access between the "consumer" modules and "producer", one can transparently enhance the existent packages to leverage the multi-core hardware capability. Such conceptual design modification should allow re-using the existing offline software, initial built with single thread architecture and embarrassingly parallel processing in mind, in the multi-threaded environment if needed. However, we realize that the "query"/"publish" paradigm is not sufficient to run the multi-threaded application effectively. It should be complemented with an API to “register” the module output to notify the framework members about an output dataset “to be produced soon”. With such addition, the receiving module thread can be automatically suspended if the data it has requested is not ready yet. We will explain how the STAR Offline Framework was modified to test the present approach by building the sophisticated interactive real time applications.
Clinical outcomes and characteristics of patients with TP53-mutated acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes: a single center experience.

Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene TP53 are detected in 5–10% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes. TP53 mutations have been associated with complex karyo...
Electrochemical Redox Cells Capable of Desalination and Energy Storage: Addressing Challenges of the Water–Energy Nexus

Lack of access to freshwater has become an urgent global challenge, and desalination offers a viable strategy to address the growing gap between global freshwater supply and demand. The development...
Health Inequity in Cervical Cancer Control Among Refugee Women in the United States by Country of Origin

Purpose: To describe cervical cancer control practices from common countries of origin for women who resettle in the United States as refugees to highlight this persistent health inequity. Methods: Describe presence/type of national cervical cancer screening program, screening coverage percentage, and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program presence and coverage. Results: Nine of 15 included countries screen opportunistically. Most do not use high-performing tests, and estimates of screening coverage were limited. Only one country offers HPV vaccination. Conclusion: Countries of origin for refugee women may lack effective national cervical cancer control programs. To meet the World Health Organization (WHO)'s call to eliminate cervical cancer by 2030, focus on culturally tailored education, and continued research are paramount.
Comparison of Near Electrically Small Helical Antennas for WLAN Applications

We compare near electrically small helical antennas with and without an electrically-connected central support for wireless local area network (WLAN) carrier frequency bands. The simulation results show that the helical antenna without the electrically connected central support offers a good directivity and gain performance as compared to its dipole and monopole counterparts of a similar dimension for frequencies slightly higher than their natural frequency. The helical antenna with an electrically connected central support, on the other hand, offers a significant improvement over the other three types of antennas for some frequencies that are below their natural frequency, making it near-electrically small. This study shows that the performance of helical antennas is sensitive to details of the design and adding an electrically-connected central conductor changes its radiation pattern significantly, making it more suitable for near-electrically small antenna applications.
Gender and racial/ethnic differences in food selectivity in children with intellectual disabilities

Background We examined differences in food selectivity by gender and parent race/ethnicity in children with intellectual disabilities. Method A convenience sample of 56 children with intellectual disabilities was analysed. A modified Youth/Adolescent Food Frequency Questionnaire and a 3-day food record were used to measure child food refusal rate and food repertoire, respectively. Results Boys were about twice as likely to refuse total foods (rate ratio = 2.34, 95%CI = 1.34-4.09) and fruits (rate ratio = 2.03, 95%CI = 1.04-3.95) and 54% more likely to refuse vegetables (rate ratio = 1.54, 95%CI = 0.93-2.54). Children with Hispanic parents were twice as likely to refuse vegetables compared to children with non-Hispanic White parents (rate ratio = 2.00, 95%CI = 1.03-3.90). In analyses stratified by the presence or absence of co-occurring probable autism spectrum disorder, boys had greater food selectivity than girls. Conclusions This study expands our understanding of food selectivity in children with intellectual disabilities.
Prompts, Not Questions: Four Techniques for Crafting Better Interview Protocols

We offer effective ways to write interview protocol “prompts” that are generative of the most critical types of information researchers wish to learn from interview respondents: salience of events, attributes, and experiences; the structure of what is normal; perceptions of cause and effect; and views about sensitive topics. We offer tips for writing and putting into practice protocol prompts that we have found to be effective at obtaining each of these kinds of information. In doing so, we encourage researchers to think of an interview protocol as a series of prompts, rather than a list of questions, for respondents to talk about certain topics related to the main research question(s). We provide illustrative examples from our own research and that of our students and professional colleagues to show how generally minor tweaks to typical interview prompts result in richer interview data.
Cerebrovascular Events in Patients With Centrifugal-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices: Propensity Score-Matched Analysis From the Intermacs Registry.

Background: Ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents remain common among patients with centrifugal-flow left ventricular assist devices, despite improvements in survival and device longev...
Automated Tracking of Structural Steel Members at the Construction Site

This paper presents further development and experimental testing of CompTRAK, a prototype system for identification and spatial tracking of structural steel components on a live construction site. Comp-TRAK is a web-based system for rapid tracking of construction components with compact, field-rugged sensors and computers, interoperability protocols for data transmission, and a 3-D site visualizer that reflect the current state of tracked components on the construction site. The result is a graphicallydriven system that provides real-time identification, position, and orientation data about components to users in the field and at remote locations.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Myocardial Infarction

The field of reperfusion therapy for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) continues to evolve rapidly. Given the potential and actual morbidity and mortality associated with this condition, there have been multiple strategies developed, evaluated, and implemented to improve outcome. A strategy involving the percutaneous approach has gained increasing attention, has been the subject of multiple trials, and has been found to offer specific advantages in this setting. This chapter discusses this rapidly evolving field.
The principal realization of the basic representation. Application to the KdV-type hierarchies of non-linear partial differential equations

The highest weight module L(Λ0) over an affine Lie algebra g(A) is called the basic representation of g(A). In this chapter we construct the basic representation explicitly in terms of certain (infinite order) differential operators in infinitely many indeterminates, called the vertex operators. The so-called principal Heisenberg subalgebra s of g(A) plays a crucial role in this construction. In a similar fashion, we construct representations of affine Lie algebras of infinite rank.
The pathway of triacylglycerol synthesis through phosphatidylcholine in Arabidopsis produces a bottleneck for the accumulation of unusual fatty acids in transgenic seeds

Engineering of oilseed plants to accumulate unusual fatty acids (FAs) in seed triacylglycerol (TAG) requires not only the biosynthetic enzymes for unusual FAs but also efficient utilization of the unusual FAs by the host-plant TAG biosynthetic pathways. Competing pathways of diacylglycerol (DAG) and subsequent TAG synthesis ultimately affect TAG FA composition. The membrane lipid phosphatidylcholine (PC) is the substrate for many FA-modifying enzymes (desaturases, hydroxylases, etc.) and DAG can be derived from PC for TAG synthesis. The relative proportion of PC-derived DAG versus de novo synthesized DAG utilized for TAG synthesis, and the ability of each pathway to utilize unusual FA substrates, are unknown for most oilseed plants, including Arabidopsis thaliana. Through metabolic labeling experiments we demonstrate that the relative flux of de novo DAG into the PC-derived DAG pathway versus direct conversion to TAG is ∼14/1 in wild-type Arabidopsis. Expression of the Ricinus communis FA hydroxylase reduced the flux of de novo DAG into PC by ∼70%. Synthesis of TAG directly from de novo DAG did not increase, resulting in lower total synthesis of labeled lipids. Hydroxy-FA containing de novo DAG was rapidly synthesized, but it was not efficiently accumulated or converted to PC and TAG, and appeared to be in a futile cycle of synthesis and degradation. However, FA hydroxylation on PC and conversion to DAG allowed some hydroxy-FA to accumulate in sn-2 TAG. Therefore, the flux of DAG through PC represents a major bottleneck for the accumulation of unusual FAs in TAG of transgenic Arabidopsis seeds.