cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Young children's use of functional information to categorize artifacts: three factors that matter

Three experiments addressed factors that might influence whether or not young children take into account function, as opposed to overall appearance or shape, when they extend the names of novel artifacts. Experiment 1 showed that 4-year-olds more often extend a name on the basis of a demonstrated function when that function provides a plausible causal account of perceptible object structure. Experiment 2 showed that they more often extend a name by function when they respond slowly, and hence thoughtfully. Experiment 3 demonstrated that they are more likely to take function into account when they extend names than when they judge similarities. Comparisons of lexical and non-lexical conditions in younger children failed to show any differences. Overall, the findings suggest that by 4 years of age, children may learn names as labels for novel artifact kinds rather than perceptual classes, and that the processes by which they categorize may be mindful and reflective, as in adults.
Ultrasonic Nde Of Radiation Damage

Irradiation degrades the fracture toughness of reactor pressure vessel steels. To date no satisfactory method has been developed to nondestructively measure the loss of fracture toughness. Metal embrittlement is often associated with impurity pinning of dislocations. A review is presented of the interaction of dislocations with ultrasonic waves to give rise to attenuation or internal friction. The emphasis is on amplitude dependent attenuation due to dislocation breakaway from pinning points. Recommendations for future work are provided.
The Rabbi, the Lawyer, and the Prophet: American Exceptionalism and the Question of Korean Independence, 1919–1922

Using the personal papers of Syngman Rhee, the first president of the Republic of Korea, as a starting point, this essay examines the lobbying activities from 1919 to 1922 of Korean independence activists in the United States from the perspective of three Americans who became supporters of the Korean cause. It reveals how these activists used the “American Mission”—a particular genus of American exceptionalism asserting that the United States has a national destiny to promote universal values abroad—to build a small but formidable constituency of U.S. supporters. These advocates were instrumental in publicizing Korea’s plight and in bringing many Americans into sympathy with the Korean independence movement. Their involvement casts a long shadow in u.s.-Korean relations because they provided Rhee with a base of moral support during his 35-year exile in the United States that he used to advance the Korean independence movement and his personal political ambitions. Their lobbying campaign also calls into question received wisdom about who employs American exceptionalism and why.
Domestic Violence Cases After Davis: Is the Glass Half Empty or Half Full?

Crawford v. Washington wrought a sea change in Confrontation Clause analysis by switching from a reliability-based approach to one that asks if the out-of-court statement is testimonial. Post-Crawford, testimonial statements cannot be introduced during criminal trials when the declarant does not testify, unless that individual is unavailable and the defendant had a previous opportunity for cross-examination, or the defendant has forfeited his right to confrontation. Crawford left many unanswered questions about defining testimonial statements in domestic violence cases, where victims typically make frantic 911 calls or greet police officers with frightened pleas for help when they arrive at the scene. Because most domestic violence victims do not cooperate with the prosecution, the two years after Crawford produced many conflicting decisions about the admissibility of their excited utterances and doomed many domestic violence prosecutions. In Davis v. Washington, the Court addressed the two most common domestic violence scenarios, 911 calls and field investigations. Davis proposed a standard it viewed as self-evident: Statements are nontestimonial when made in the course of police interrogation under circumstances objectively indicating that the primary purpose of the interrogation is to enable police assistance to meet an ongoing emergency. They are testimonial when the circumstances objectively indicate that there is no such ongoing emergency, and that the primary purpose of the interrogation is to establish or prove past events potentially relevant to later criminal prosecution. In this essay, I question whether Davis' bright line is illusory. Paraphrasing Justice Stewart's oft quoted view of pornography, Davis' definition of ongoing emergencies is so vague it provides little more guidance than saying I know a testimonial statement when I see it. I also evaluate criteria for assessing whether statements made to law enforcement personnel and other individuals are testimonial. In addition, I analyze difficulties with applying the Crawford/Davis approach, and discuss procedural issues and forfeiture. My comments conclude with suggestions for prosecutors in domestic violence litigation.
Your Millennial Toolbox Developing Culturally Competent Strategies for Psychotherapy With Men

Discussion over the last decade has focused on how to approach the millennial generation, a term given to those born in the early 1980s and who graduated from high school in the 2000s. Much of the ...
Osmo-sensitivity of the human sperm acrosome reaction

The osmo-sensitivity of the human sperm acrosome reaction was investigated by determining the effect of hyper- and hypo-osmolal conditions on the ionophore A23187- and dbcAMP-induced reaction of both capacitated and non-capacitated spermatozoa. Hyper-osmolal conditions inhibited the agonist-induced reactions of both types of spermatozoa. Hypo-osmolal conditions caused a spontaneous loss of acrosomes from capacitated but not from non-capacitated spermatozoa. The loss of acrosomes under hypo-osmolal conditions was further enhanced by dbcAMP but not by ionophore A23187. Although significant decreases in sperm viability were occasionally observed at the high and low osmolalities, these decreases were not consistent and could not account for the observed loss of acrosomes. It is concluded that the human sperm acrosome reaction is osmo-sensitive. The acrosome reaction stimulated by ionophore A23187 (raises intracellular Ca2+) and dbcAMP (activates protein kinase A which causes protein phosphorylation) appears to involve water entry downstream from the action of these agonists. Preincubation in albumin (capacitation) causes human spermatozoa to lose their acrosomes under hypo-osmolal conditions. Finally, capacitation is not an essential prerequisite to the acrosome reaction as long as agonists are used that by-pass certain membrane-related events.
A Bicyclo[4.2.0]octene-Derived Monomer Provides Completely Linear Alternating Copolymers via Alternating Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (AROMP).

Strained bicyclic carbomethoxy olefins were utilized as substrates in alternating ring-opening metathesis polymerization and found to provide low-dispersity polymers with novel backbones. The polymerization of methyl bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-7-ene-7-carboxylate with cyclohexene in the presence of the fast-initiating Grubbs catalyst (H2IMes)(3-Br-Pyr)2Cl2Ru═CHPh leads to a completely linear as well as alternating copolymer, as demonstrated by NMR spectroscopy, isotopic labeling, and gel permeation chromatography. In contrast, intramolecular chain-transfer reactions were observed with [5.2.0] and [3.2.0] bicyclic carbomethoxy olefins, although to a lesser extent than with the previously reported monocyclic cyclobutenecarboxylic ester monomers [Song, A.; Parker, K. A.; Sampson, N. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 3444]. Inclusion of cyclohexyl rings fused to the copolymer backbone minimizes intramolecular chain-transfer reactions and provides a framework for creating alternating functionality in a one-step polymeriz...
A supplier development adoption framework using expectancy theory

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to apply expectancy theory to advance a conceptual framework which identifies factors that motivate and affect the adoption of supplier development (SD) activities. Design/methodology/approach – The authors conduct a comprehensive literature review to identify salient contributions and conceptual gaps within prior SD studies. These conceptual gaps motivate the use of expectancy theory and the broader management literature to develop a conceptual framework of SD adoption. Findings – The study results in the development of a two-stage conceptual framework in which two behavioral constructs – SD expectancy and valence – play an important role in mediating the effects of activity-, firm-, interfirm-, and environment-level factors on the adoption of SD activities. Accordingly, the authors advance 11 testable propositions that underlie the logical development of the framework. Research limitations/implications – The application of expectancy theory facilitates the integrat...
Epidemiological survey on hydatid disease in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in 2011

By analyzing the situation about infection of hydatid disease for people in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,the scientific basis is going to provide measure for preventing and controling hydatid disease.According to the outline such as National prevention and control program of major parasitic diseases 2006-2015,epidemic situation of hydatid disease in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps was investigated.Results showed that in 2011,128 people were diagnosed as hydatid disease by type-B ultrasonic in the Corps,with an infection rate of 1.57(128/81 500).Serological examination was conducted in 8 357 people,and the result indicated 382 samples of hydatid diseases specific IgG antibody were positive,with an average infection rate of 4.47%.Among the 128 patients with hydatid disease,77 were males and 51 were females,and the gender distinction ratio was 1.51:1.The ethnic proportion was Han(81,63.28%),Kazak(19,14.84%),Uygur(15,11.72%),Muslim(10,7.81%),and other national minority(3,2.34%).The highest prevalence rate was in Division 13(4.02%),and there was no patient in Division 1 or Division 14.The highest infection rate was in Division 9(18.37%),and there was no infected person in Division 1 and Division 2.It's suggested that hydatid disease is still popular in most areas of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.
Comparison of recurrent varicocele anatomy following surgery and percutaneous balloon occlusion

AbstractVenography of 44 recurrent varicoceles in 37 patients demonstrated different anatomical patterns of recurrence in surgical patients (26) compared to those treated by percutaneous balloon occlusion (18). The 3 types of patterns identified included parallel, renal vein and transcrotal collateral pathways. Virtually all surgical recurrences were owing to mid retroperitoneal (27 per cent) or low (inguinal) parallel collaterals (58 per cent). The majority of post-balloon occlusion recurrences were due to either high retroperitoneal parallel (44 per cent) or renal vein collaterals (28 per cent). Surgical recurrences were treated easily with percutaneous balloon occlusion. However, 39 per cent of the patients with recurrences following balloon embolization were not anatomical candidates for repeat percutaneous occlusion. We conclude that venous collaterals are identified easily by renal venography, and knowledge of these collaterals is helpful in planning further surgical or radiological treatment.
Electroconvulsive therapy in the 1980s

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has generated more controversy and strong feelings than any other psychiatric modality in use today. This review presents the facts upon which each reader can make a rational decision as to the advantages and disadvantages of ECT.
The Sociology of Religion as an ASA Subdiscipline

Members of the American Sociological Association who choose Religion as one of their four areas of interest are profiled, and four questions about the subdiscipline are drawn from the work of Bryan Wilson and others: 1) In America is sociology of religion very different from the rest of sociology? 2) Is there evidence that sociology of religion is at the core of sociology? 3) Are both theory and research methods strongly represented in the subdiscipline? 4) Is there a preference for qualitative over quantitative methods among sociologists of religion? Evidence from 5782 ASA members with PhDs is used to answer the questions. In general, American sociology of religion lies at some distance from the core of the discipline and has strong ties to theory but weak connections with methodology.
Tobacco control networks in Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa and communities of colour in the United States

It is an axiom of the tobacco control movement that a substantive infrastructure is critical to enable regions, nations and communities to counteract the tobacco industry and to institute credible programmes and policies to ensure public health. A review of efforts in Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa and the United States to develop strong regional or national tobacco control infrastructures can be useful, particularly because those lessons have direct relevance to developing countries and regions worldwide. Although Asia is not a focus of this paper, the contexts are similar, as these are the regions and the people of the world that the tobacco industry is targeting in their efforts to counteract the progress being made in tobacco control in developed regions. In essence, the basic contradiction between developed and developing continues on both sides of the tobacco equation: the successful efforts of the tobacco industry to gain customers, win friends and influence people in developing regions or communities and the striking inability of global and national tobacco control movements to reflect and implement similar priorities.
Role of Atmospheric Chemistry in the Climate Impacts of Stratospheric Volcanic Injections

The climate impact of a volcanic eruption is known to be dependent on the size, location and timing of the eruption. However, the chemistry and composition of the volcanic plume also control its impact on climate. It is not just sulfur dioxide gas, but also the coincident emissions of water, halogens and ash that influence the radiative and climate forcing of an eruption. Improvements in the capability of models to capture aerosol microphysics, and the inclusion of chemistry and aerosol microphysics modules in Earth system models, allow us to evaluate the interaction of composition and chemistry within volcanic plumes in a new way. These modeling efforts also illustrate the role of water vapor in controlling the chemical evolution, and hence climate impacts, of the plume. A growing realization of the importance of the chemical composition of volcanic plumes is leading to a more sophisticated and realistic representation of volcanic forcing in climate simulations, which in turn aids in reconciling simulations and proxy reconstructions of the climate impacts of past volcanic eruptions. More sophisticated simulations are expected to help, eventually, with predictions of the impact on the Earth system of any future large volcanic eruptions.
Helen A. Clarke and Charlotte Endymion Porter: Literary Criticism in Author Country a Century Ago

Alison Booth enriches the volume’s exploration of literary geographies with an examination of ‘author country’ publications by Helen Archibald Clarke and the example of her partnership with Charlotte Endymion Porter as co-editors of the longstanding journal Poet-Lore. Booth’s essay demonstrates how turn-of-the-twentieth-century Anglophilia and biographical criticism, aided by literary tourism, were critical instruments in forming the canon of English literature on both sides of the Atlantic. Ultimately, this essay challenges latter-day academic disregard for forms of affective and material reader response, recalling an earlier moment when the ‘professional–amateur’ divide was far less stable. Along the way, it also injects important considerations of regional and domestic setting as well as gender into the story of transatlantic claims to literary authority and culture.
An Apparatus for the Analysis of Liquid Samples by the X-Ray Fluorescence Method with a Vacuum Spectrograph

It is well known that analysis of elements by the X-ray fluorescence method is rapid, reliable, and nondestructive in nature, especially for those samples that are solid in the form. However, because of the attenuation of the secondary X-rays of longer wavelengths by the air path, analysis of elements with atomic number smaller than 22 necessitates the use of a helium atmosphere or a vacuum spectrometer. Where a helium atmosphere is used, a layer of thin Mylar or similar film is used on liquid samples. This film can be placed over the surface or on the bottom of liquid container when inverted optics are used. In recent days, sophisticated X-ray fluorescence vacuum spectrographs have been investigated and placed on the market by a number of manufacturers. These spectrographs have many outstanding and desirable features. However, the present vacuum spectrograph has a number of limitations. The purpose of this paper is to present an apparatus for the analysis of liquid samples using the X-ray fluorescence method with the vacuum spectrograph. The experimental results and their interpretations are presented and discussed.
The Matchbox PC: a small wearable platform

We describe the Matchbox PC, a fully functional PC not much larger than a box of matches yet able to run popular operating systems such as Linux and Windows and to perform most tasks commonly run on desktop PCs. Although our motivating application is wearable computing, we expect many other applications will emerge.
Some theoretical results for compressed MIMO radar

We consider a MIMO radar system and derive a theoretical framework for the recoverability of targets in the azimuth-range-Doppler domain via compressive sensing type recovery algorithms. In particular we prove bounds on the achievable resolution and number of detectable targets in the presence of additive noise. Furthermore our theory reveals that even weak targets can be recovered reliably with the proposed approach.
Big data and the New Transparency: Measuring and representing police killings:

Controversies about recent killings by police officers in the United States have prompted widespread questioning about the scale and changes in police use of force. A perceived lack of transparency about the frequency of police killings amplifies concerns that many such killings are unjustified. This commentary considers efforts by journalists and activists to comprise databases that document and measure police violence, particularly in terms of how these endeavors exemplify the New Transparency.
Enhanced Kinetics of Electrochemical Hydrogen Uptake and Release by Palladium Powders Modified by Electrochemical Atomic Layer Deposition.

Electrochemical atomic layer deposition (E-ALD) is a method for the formation of nanofilms of materials, one atomic layer at a time. It uses the galvanic exchange of a less noble metal, deposited using underpotential deposition (UPD), to produce an atomic layer of a more noble element by reduction of its ions. This process is referred to as surface limited redox replacement and can be repeated in a cycle to grow thicker deposits. It was previously performed on nanoparticles and planar substrates. In the present report, E-ALD is applied for coating a submicron-sized powder substrate, making use of a new flow cell design. E-ALD is used to coat a Pd powder substrate with different thicknesses of Rh by exchanging it for Cu UPD. Cyclic voltammetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicate an increasing Rh coverage with increasing numbers of deposition cycles performed, in a manner consistent with the atomic layer deposition (ALD) mechanism. Cyclic voltammetry also indicated increased kinetics of H sorption...
RIPK1-TRAF2 interplay on the TNF/NF-κB signaling, cell death, and cancer development in the liver.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide, with an estimated 782,000 new cases and 745,000 deaths in 2012 (1). According to the SEER Cancer Statistic Review (2), the prognosis of liver cancer patients is still poor with 5-year survival rate of 17.5%, and incidents of new cases have been rising each year at ~3% on average over the last 10 years. The prominent factors associated with HCC include chronic infection of hepatitis viruses (HVB, HVC), chronic alcohol consumption, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and exposure to hepatotoxins (3). Chronic liver damage following inflammation and cell death, accompanied by regenerative processes, is a feature of HCC development (3), suggesting that understanding the molecular machinery involved in cell death and regeneration in the liver may help identify molecular mechanisms of HCC.
A First Look at the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders Screening Questionnaire: More Than Just a Screener?

This study examined the psychometrics of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM -1V Personality Disorders Personality Questionnaire (SC1D-IIP) self-report personality questionnaire. The response...
Os silencios de O silencio redimido

This article reviews the editorial history of Silvio Santiago’s novel O silencio redimido, released in 1976, but first submitted to the Spanish censorship in 1964. After situating the author in Galician Literature in the early 1960s, the article examines public and private documentation, and analyzes the cultural quarrel surrounding the manuscript of the novel. This hidden history is a case study that will contribute to descriptions of the history of Galician literary and political life during Francoism. Finally, this research also aims to explore a genealogy of Galician novels of memory.
Everett C. Hughes

This chapter explores the development of interactionism in the mind of Everett Hughes and the impact of his ideas related to human action and interaction as people live and work in society. Everett Hughes did stand on the shoulders of those interactionists before him and the legacy of those who founded the well-documented Chicago School of Sociology. The Chicago School, steeped in the human ecological thinking of Robert Park and Ernest Burgess, gave Hughes his lifelong focus on the importance of human interactions. This is why he would focus his attention on those permeable peripheries where people could make sense of their place in a variety of social situations. This chapter will also describe the great contributions Hughes made on his students at McGill University, the University of Chicago, Brandeis University, and Boston College. Unobtrusive observation was a key to allowing students to witness the many and subtle interactions that make up the research process. Hughes saw the necessity for his students to stay an extended time in the field in order to observe how people interact with others and give meaning to their daily lives at home, school, work, or play. He inspired several generations of sociologists to see the importance and benefits of the interactionist perspective in sociology.
Survival of Bacterial Pathogens in Pasteurized Process Cheese Slices Stored at 30°C

Six lots of commercial pasteurized process cheese slices were evaluated for the ability to support the growth of four foodborne pathogens, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella serotypes, and Escherichia coli O157:H7, during 4 days of storage at 30 degrees C. Individual cheese slices were inoculated separately with each pathogen to yield ca. 10(3) CFU/g. Slices were packaged in sterile plastic sample bags and stored at 30 degrees C for up to 96 h. Population of Salmonella serotypes and Escherichia coli O157:H7 decreased an average of 1.3 and 2.1 log10 CFU/g, respectively, by 36 h and Salmonella serotypes decreased an additional 0.6 log10 CFU/g during the remaining 60 h. Populations of Listeria monocytogenes also decreased, although to a lesser extent, exhibiting approximately a 0.6-log10 CFU/g reduction in 96 h. Staphylococcus aureus levels remained relatively constant during the testing period, and were below levels that support detectable enterotoxin production. The process cheese slices tested allowed survival but did not support rapid growth of S. aureus, whereas populations of L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7, and Salmonella serotypes decreased during the 96-h storage at 30 degrees C.
Urgent versus elective inpatient anticancer therapy in patients with metastatic solid tumors: Analysis of admission characteristics and posthospitalization clinical outcomes.

12Background: Palliative chemotherapy is used urgently in the hospital due to rapid disease progression, risk of toxicity, or other cancer-related acute medical diagnoses. Our primary objective was to characterize the utilization of urgent anticancer therapy (antiCT) in metastatic solid tumor patients. Secondary objectives were to compare time to next treatment (TTNT) and overall survival (OS) between those who received antiCT during urgent and elective admissions, and to further characterize if goals of care (GOC) or prognosis discussions were included in the decision process. Methods: This was a single-center observational cohort study of patients with advanced solid tumors treated with antiCT during urgent versus elective inpatient admissions at Huntsman Cancer Institute from June 1, 2014 to June 30, 2016. Line of therapy, ICU utilization, readmission rate, palliative care (PC) consultation, and documentation of GOC and prognosis discussions were evaluated for patients who received urgent antiCT. Resul...
Analog Displays — The Other Approach to LCD’s

Before the recent development of digital displays, electronic information was indicated by the position of a hand or length of a bar relative to some scale. Such a display is referred to as an analog display and has certain advantages over the digital display. Analog displays are easier to read when rapid acquisition of approximate information is needed. One can interpret the distance from the current reading to another point without arithmetic. Another advantage is the natural manner in which rate of change of information comes from the velocity of the hand. These advantages are directly related to the long learning process which is necessary to understand an analog display and the ease with which the position of a hand can be recognized versus the presence of several digital segments.
Social Network Derived Credibility

The increasing use of social media results in users that must ascertain the truthfulness of information that they encounter from unknown sources using a variety of indicators (e.g., explicit ratings, profile information, etc.). Through human-subject experimentation with an online social network-style platform, we focus on the determination of credibility in ego-centric networks, where participants are able to observe salient social network properties, such as degree centrality and geodesic distance. Using manipulated social network graphs, we find that corroboration and degree centrality are most utilized by subjects as indicators of credibility. utilized by subjects as indicators of credibility. We discuss the implications of the use of social network structural properties, use principal components analysis to visualize the reduced dimensional feature space, and analyze how credibility changes per property according to the “Big 5” theory of personality.
Eco-Physiological and Molecular-Genetic Determinants of Plant Cuticle Function in Drought and Salt Stress Tolerance

A waxy cuticle covers the aerial organs of plants that functions to prevent uncontrolled water loss. The cuticle has often been considered a non-responsive adaptation that acts simply as a barrier to water loss, when in fact cuticle metabolism is quite responsive to environmental stresses. The responsiveness of the cuticle has been demonstrated by changes in cuticle chemistry and cuticle gene expression of drought and salt exposed plants. Alteration of cuticle traits through breeding and biotechnology approaches may prove useful in improving crops for drought and salt tolerance. However, work is still needed to lay the foundation for the use of cuticle genes and traits for agronomic purposes
Laser Processing of High T c Superconductors

Three most important high-Tc (high critical temperature) oxide superconductor systems are Y-Ba-Cu-O (yttrium-barium cuprates or rare earth-barium cuprates), Bi-(Pb)- Sr-Ca- Cu-O (bismuth-lead-strontium-calcium cuprates), and Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O (thallium- barium- calcium cuprates). All of these three systems have complicated crystal structures with copper-oxygen planes, which are believed to be responsible for the superconducting properties of these compounds. Among these cuprates Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O system has the highest Tc, about 125 K[1,2], but the potential for industrial application is limited due to severe health problem associated with the toxicity of thallium compounds.
Birdsong Learning: Evolutionary, Behavioral, and Hormonal Issues

Birdsong is a complex vocal signal that functions in a reproductive context to attract mates and defend territories. It is of interest to neuroscientists because it is a complex motor behavior that is learned via a developmental process and involves the precise guiding of motor patterns by auditory feedback. Song learning includes a sensory phase, when an auditory memory is formed, and this memory is used as a template for the later sensorimotor phase of development. There is substantial species variation in this learning process that may have been shaped by natural selection to optimize behavioral complexity and plasticity as needed to enhance reproductive success. Steroid hormones such as testosterone and its metabolite estradiol may promote song memory formation, and androgens close the sensorimotor phase and induce the crystallization of adult species-typical song.
TCT-82 Race-based Disparities in the Management and Outcomes of Cardiogenic Shock Complicating Acute Myocardial Infarction: A 15-Year National Study

Race and sex play a significant role in determining clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular diseases. There are limited large-scale data on the differences in the management and outcomes of cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI-CS) by race and sex. This was a
SLIM LSTMs

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Recurrent Neural networks (RNNs) rely on gating signals, each driven by a function of a weighted sum of at least 3 components: (i) one of an adaptive weight matrix multiplied by the incoming external input vector sequence, (ii) one adaptive weight matrix multiplied by the previous memory/state vector, and (iii) one adaptive bias vector. In effect, they augment the simple Recurrent Neural Networks (sRNNs) structure with the addition of a "memory cell" and the incorporation of at most 3 gating signals. The standard LSTM structure and components encompass redundancy and overly increased parameterization. In this paper, we systemically introduce variants of the LSTM RNNs, referred to as SLIM LSTMs. These variants express aggressively reduced parameterizations to achieve computational saving and/or speedup in (training) performance---while necessarily retaining (validation accuracy) performance comparable to the standard LSTM RNN.
Six-body van der Waals interactions

We report on the six-body van der Waals interactions within Rydberg atoms. Specifically, we focus on the octahedron case. The results are compared with previous calculations for two to five bodies'...
Hands-on Introduction to Sequence-Length Requirements in Phylogenetics

In this tutorial, through a series of analytical computations and numerical simulations, we review many known insights into a fundamental question: how much data is needed to reconstruct the Tree of Life? A Jupyter notebook and code for this tutorial are provided in Python.
Celebrating ONS's 40th anniversary and its commitment to cultural competency, diversity, and inclusiveness.

Today, we all have been taught that cultural competence is a valuable tool in providing patient-centered care. However, this concept was not considered a standard of oncology nursing practice when the Oncology Nursing Society (ONS) began. It was not regarded as a critical component of patient safety, satisfaction, or quality care. In fact, in the 1970s, the importance of providing culturally competent care was virtually nonexistent in our nation's government policies, regulatory standards, academic curriculum, or professional practice. .
Chronic Graft Versus Host Myopathies: Noninflammatory, Multi-Tissue Pathology With Glycosylation Disorders.

Myopathies during chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) are syndromes for which tissue targets and mechanisms of muscle damage remain incompletely defined. This study reviewed, and pathologically analyzed, 14 cGvHD myopathies, comparing myopathology to other immune myopathies. Clinical features in cGvHD myopathy included symmetric, proximal weakness, associated skin, gastrointestinal and lung disorders, a high serum aldolase (77%), and a 38% 2-year survival. Muscle showed noninflammatory pathology involving all 3 tissue components. Perimysial connective tissue had damaged structure and histiocytic cells. Vessel pathology included capillary loss, and reduced α-l-fucosyl and chondroitin sulfate moieties on endothelial cells. Muscle fibers often had surface pathology. Posttranslational glycosylation moieties on α-dystroglycan had reduced staining and abnormal distribution in 86%. Chondroitin-SO4 was reduced in 50%, a subgroup with 3-fold longer times from transplant to myopathy, and more distal weakness. cGvHD myopathies have noninflammatory pathology involving all 3 tissue components in muscle, connective tissue, small vessels, and myofibers. Abnormal cell surface glycosylation moieties are common in cGvHD myopathies, distinguishing them from other immune myopathies. This is the first report of molecular classes that may be immune targets in cGvHD. Disordered cell surface glycosylation moieties could produce disease-related tissue and cell damage, and be biomarkers for cGvHD features and activity.
The Effectiveness of Equine-Facilitated Psychotherapy in Adolescents with Serious Emotional Disturbances

ABSTRACTAdolescents with serious emotional disturbances (SED) are a particularly difficult population to treat owing to high comorbidity rates of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, and beh...
Uncovering sources of maternal variability: Inherited and environmental contributions to maternal phenotype

Intergenerational patterns of parental behavior, especially maternal behavior, have been observed across mammalian species including humans, non-human primates, and rodents. These patterns are largely experience-dependent as opposed to genetically induced, with experiences in early-life serving an essential role in directing maternal behavior expressed later in life. Environmental conditions can also alter maternal behavior with consequences for offspring neurodevelopment and interactions with the next generation. Here, we describe effects of lineage during developmental environmental disruption using a limited bedding and nesting material manipulation during the first 2 weeks of life. Dams from three lineages were placed in environments containing either abundant nesting material or reduced nesting material. Environmental condition affected eight measures of maternal behavior and dam lineage affected 12 measures of maternal behavior during the first two postnatal weeks. Lineage, condition, and pup sex predicted pup body weight immediately following the manipulation, with lineage accounting for the largest portion of variance in body weight. Although from a limited sample, these data are the first to examine effects of lineage and environment simultaneously and suggest dam lineage may be a better predictor of maternal behavior than current environmental conditions with important implications for pup outcomes.
Bench-top electrochemical crystal growth of POMOFs: In-situ synthesis of new organic-inorganic hybrids containing [V10O28](6+n)− polyoxovanadate

Abstract Three new polyoxometalate-organic-framework (POMOF) compounds were synthesized via electrochemical crystal growth methods at room temperature. The study has demonstrated an effective approach toward the in-situ synthesis of POMOFs, a subclass of organic-inorganic hybrid materials that have conventionally been synthesized by hydrothermal or solvothermal methods above the boiling point of water. A two-electrode setup was utilized employing electrochemical energy (ΔG ​= ​−nFE) as an alternative driving force to promote phase nucleation below thermal activation energy. Reported herein are selected crystalline phases grown from the solution containing decavanadate polyoxovanadate (POV) anion, [V10O28]6-, and 4,5-diazafluoren-9-one (dafone): namely 1 [CuI(Hxdafone)2]3VIVV9VO28∙5.25H2O (x ​= ​2/3; P21/c, No. 14, Z ​= ​2, a ​= ​13.4194(4) A, b ​= ​18.8407(6) A, c ​= ​16.1616(4) A, β ​= ​113.683(1)o), 2 (dafone)2[CuI(dafone)2]2(H4V10O28)·3H2O (P−1, No. 2, Z ​= ​1, a ​= ​11.0438(4) A, b ​= ​12.1271(5) A, c ​= ​17.1570(6) A, α ​= ​104.926(2)o, β ​= ​95.675(2)o, γ ​= ​115.727(2)o), and 3 [CuI(dafone)2]2[CuII(H2O)5]2V10O28∙6.5H2O (P−1, No. 2, Z ​= ​2, a ​= ​9.6354(7) A, b ​= ​19.4641(13) A, c ​= ​20.0763(14) A, α ​= ​116.098(3)o, β ​= ​97.015(4)o, γ ​= ​90.018(3)o). Structures obtained via single crystal X-Ray diffraction reveal fascinating POMOFs made of POV and dafone coordinated CuI units stacked to form extended 1D chain-like and 2D layered arrays through hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions. The results of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC) reveal the thermal behaviors of 1~3 and confirm the crystalline water content. The electronic states investigated by X-Ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) are discussed with regards to electrochemical crystal growth.
Identifying forest thinning using anomalous change detection on synthetic aperture radar data

We apply anomalous change detection (ACD) to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data to detect forest thinning at the Valles Caldera in New Mexico. By applying ACD across dimensions other than temporal, we establish baselines for change detection. Application of ACD across different polarizations highlights anomalous relationships associated with different types of scattering mechanisms. We also introduce a metric for distinguishing between anomalies consistently present in data over time and more subtle changes which may be obscured by these anomalies. This is especially useful for analyzing SAR backscatter intensity, which can be dominated by the presence of topographic features that are not of interest.
NLRP3-Inflammasome Inhibition during Respiratory Virus Infection Abrogates Lung Immunopathology and Long-Term Airway Disease Development

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infects most infants by two years of age. It can cause severe disease leading to an increased risk of developing asthma later in life. Previously, our group has shown that RSV infection in mice and infants promotes IL-1β production. Here, we characterized the role of NLRP3-Inflammasome activation during RSV infection in adult mice and neonates. We observed that the inhibition of NLRP3 activation using the small molecule inhibitor, MCC950, or in genetically modified NLRP3 knockout (Nlrp3−/−) mice during in vivo RSV infection led to decreased lung immunopathology along with a reduced expression of the mucus-associated genes and reduced production of innate cytokines (IL-1β, IL-33 and CCL2) linked to severe RSV disease while leading to significant increases in IFN-β. NLRP3-inflammasome inhibition or deletion diminished Th2 cytokines and inflammatory cell infiltration into the lungs. Furthermore, NLRP3 inhibition or deletion during early-life RSV infection led to reducing viral-exacerbated allergic response in a mouse model of RSV-induced allergy exacerbation. Here, we demonstrated the critical role of NLRP3-inflammasome activation in RSV immunopathology and the related long-term airway alteration. Moreover, these findings suggest the NLRP3-inflammasome as a potential therapeutic target to attenuate severe RSV disease and limit childhood asthma development.
Photosensitive Facial Dystonia as the First Manifestation of Dopa Responsive Dystonia (P02.071)

OBJECTIVE: Photosensitive facial dystonia preceding limb dystonia in DRD. BACKGROUND: Dopa responsive dystonia (DRD) is a predominantly autosomal dominant disorder that in most cases is caused by GTP cyclohydrolase I deficiency. It usually starts in childhood with lower limb involvement. Photosensitive facial dystonia as initial presentation of DRD has not been described previously. DESIGN/METHODS: The patient is a 51 year-old female who visited our clinic for evaluation of impaired gait. Her symptoms started in the teenage years when exposure to bright light often caused facial twitching in right side of the face, pulling of the right eyebrow and corner of the mouth interfering with speech. At age 25, she developed spasms in her back. Three years later she noticed episodes of her feet turning in, impairing her balance which progressed and forced her to use a cane for ambulation. Gradually, she developed cervical dystonia and intermittent spasms of the limb and trunk muscles which responded to gabapentin and baclofen modestly. A 26 year-old daughter just developed difficulty with walking but was not available for study. On examination, the patient walked wide based with intermittent inversion of both feet. There were constant dystonic contractions of both frontalis, right orbicularis oculi, risorius and zygomaticus muscles. Shining a light into the right eye resulted in severe contraction of right facial muscles and closure of the right eye. (videotape) RESULTS: Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and cervical spine, electromyography and nerve conduction velocity studies and DAT scan showed no abnormality. Treatment with carbidopa/levodopa 25/100mg twice daily resulted in marked improvement of facial and foot dystonias. Patient now walks normally two years after initiation of therapy and has minimal facial dystonia. CONCLUSIONS: Dopa responsive dystonia can present with facial dystonia and photosensitivity years before development of foot dystonia. Facial dystonia and photosensitivity also respond well to dopa treatment. Disclosure: Dr. Safarpour has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sorokin has nothing to disclose. Dr. Jabbari has received research support from Allergan, Inc., Merz Pharma, and Ipsen.
Interference of eltrombopag with bilirubin measurements on the Vitros 5600 analyzer.

Background Eltrombopag is a thrombopoietin-receptor agonist used to restore platelet count to hemostatic levels in chronic immune thrombocytopenia. The drug has shown to have hepatobiliary adverse effects, but also positive interference with the analytical measurement of bilirubin. Understanding the degree of interference of this drug with bilirubin testing becomes relevant in the clinical management of these patients. Methods Eltrombopag at concentrations ranging from 10 to 150 µg/ml was spiked into plasma samples with different baseline concentrations of bilirubin. Total bilirubin, conjugated, and unconjugated bilirubin were measured for each sample using VITROS TBILI and BuBc slides on the Vitros 5600 automated chemistry platform, and interference was assessed. Results Plasma samples spiked with eltrombopag yielded falsely elevated bilirubin measurements compared to baseline, with the degree of elevation increasing with greater concentrations of eltrombopag. Bilirubin values were increased relative to baseline across all groups, except in conjugated bilirubin measurements in samples with low baseline conjugated bilirubin. For samples with low total bilirubin at baseline, >100 µg/ml of eltrombopag resulted in an error of >+0.6 mg/dl on the measured total bilirubin. For samples with low unconjugated bilirubin at baseline, the error for the same concentrations was >+0.7 mg/dl. Conclusion Our results show that, at supra-physiologically high concentrations, eltrombopag can positively interfere with bilirubin measurements on Vitros 5600 platform.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Patients presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage from aneurysmal rupture benefit from early repair of the aneurysm. Recent advances in endovascular technology now allow informed discussion of the merits of surgical versus endovascular repair of the aneurysm. Patients need close observation in an intensive-care unit following sub-arachnoid hemorrhage to diagnose and treat the multiple complications that result. These complications include hydrocephalus, fever, neurogenic pulmonary and cardiac dysfunction, and the development of delayed cerebral ischemia from vasospasm. There exist effective medical and endovascular treatments for cerebral vasospasm.
Connecting to early intervention services after NICU discharge in a Medicaid sample.

Abstract Objectives : To describe caregiver perspectives regarding connecting to Early Intervention (EI) services after NICU discharge in a Medicaid sample. Methods : Open-ended semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with English or Spanish- speaking families enrolled in Medicaid in an urban high-risk infant follow up clinic at a safety-net center, which serves preterm and high-risk term infants. We generated salient themes using inductive-deductive thematic analysis. Results : Thirty-two participants completed the study. The infant's median (IQR) birth weight was 1365 (969, 2800) grams; 50% were Hispanic; 31% reported living in a neighborhood with 4th quartile economic hardship. Eighty one percent were classified as having chronic complex disease per the Pediatric Medical Complexity Algorithm and 63% had a diagnosis of developmental delay. A conceptual model was constructed and the analysis revealed major themes describing families’ challenges and ideas to facilitate connection to EI. We identified sub-themes related to the person in environment: healthcare environment/support and socio-economic resources, parent perspectives and built environment; provider level factors such as appointment scheduling, staff limitations and parent suggestions to improve healthcare and service navigation, which included improved information sharing, the importance of patient advocates, video resources, early referrals to EI facilitated by the discharging hospital and system workarounds. Conclusions : The results from this study may provide a granular roadmap for providers to help facilitate referrals to EI services. We identified several ideas such as using advocates and providing transitional resources, including online media, that might improve the connection to early intervention services.
Histologic Abnormalities of Bone before and after Kidney Transplantation

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the complexity of factors involved in post-transplant bone disease; it is useful to describe bone status at the time of transplantation and the changes that occur thereafter. All solid-organ transplantations share the deleterious impact of immunotherapy, in particular glucocorticoids, on calcium and bone metabolism. However, bone disease after kidney transplantation is unique. At the time of transplantation, kidney transplant recipients already suffer from various forms of renal osteodystrophy—that is, abnormalities in bone volume, bone turnover, and bone mineralization that might affect post-transplant bone disease. Also, even though renal function improves after kidney transplantation, patients may still show various degrees of renal insufficiency, which may worsen over time and may impact bone. Moreover, the number of diabetic patients on chronic dialysis undergoing kidney transplantation has increased. Types I and II diabetic patients have been shown to have low bone turnover and an increased risk for fractures, especially hip fractures.