cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An Investigation on Hierarchical and Decomposition and Space-time Coordination Modeling for Interconnected Power Systems

With the formation of national interconnected power systems,the grid structure and operation mode will become increasingly complicated.Currently,in a dispatching center,an accurate power system model is developed only for its control area while the external power grid is dealt with just in an equivalent or inaccurate manner.This traditional practice cannot meet the requirements of the development of interconnected power systems.Based on the IEC 61970 standard and E form,a hierarchical and decomposition and space-time coordination modeling system is studied for interconnected power systems.In the modeling system,some technologies are combined,such as version management,model mergence/separation,network equivalent and so on,so that space-time coordination modeling in multi-dispatch centers of interconnected power systems can be realized.The modeling system provides a technical means of internal and multi-levels coordination for dispatching centers,in addition to information infrastructure and technical support for the real-time monitoring and control as well as an online security and stability analysis of interconnected power systems.
Migraine treatment with rizatriptan and non triptan usual care medication s: A pharmacy based study

Objective. To compare the effectiveness of rizatriptan to other non triptan medications in the relief of migraine headache in usual care settings. Backgrou nd. Although rizatriptan has been shown to provide effective relief of migrain e symptoms in clinical trials, limited data exist directly comparing its effecti veness with non triptan medications. Methods. Migraineurs aged 18 to 55 who h ad been prescribed a new an timigraine drug (rizatriptan 10 mg or a selected class of non triptan oral medi cations) were recruited to participate in the study through a national retail ph armacy chain. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire at the enrollment and reported their treatment experiences by filling out the treatment diary afte r using the newly prescribed medication. The treatment outcomes of patients rece iving rizatriptan were compared with those receiving non triptan medications. L ogistic regression analysis was applied to test statistical significance with ad justment for potential confounding factors. Results. Of the 728 patients who e ntered the study, 693 (95.2%) completed the treatment diary. Patients treated w ith rizatriptan (192) and non triptans (501) reported the following outcomes, r espectively onset of headache relief within 30 minutes post dose: 25%versus 18%; self defined significant headache relief within 2 hours post dose: 71%v ersus 54%; pain free or mild pain at 2 hours post dose: 58%versus 47%; completel y symptom free within 2 hours of postdose: 32%versus 20%; return to usual act ivities within 2 hours post dose: 39%versus 35%; and satisfied with treatment : 67%versus 55%(P ..05 in all comparisons with exception of returning to usua l activities). Conclusion. Rizatriptan was significantly more effective than n on triptans in the relief of migraine headaches for patients obtaining prescrib ed migraine medications from a retail pharmacy. Additional studies at other usua l care settings may be needed to confirm the findings.
Disaster Mental Health Services Following The 1995 Oklahoma City Bombing: Modifying Approaches to Address Terrorism

How did the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing differ from prior disasters and what implications did it have for disaster mental health services and service delivery? The federal disaster mental health approach in this country developed largely out of experiences with natural disasters. The 1995 Oklahoma City bombing differed in several important ways, including the large number of human casualties, higher rates of psychopathology, and an extended period of concern due to the criminal investigation and trials, which suggested the need to consider modifications in the program. Outreach was extensive, but psychiatric morbidity of direct victims was greater than that of victims of natural disasters, emphasizing the need for attention to the triage and referral process. Other concerns that warrant consideration include practices related to record keeping and program evaluation.
Student Involvement in Mental Health Education

(1984). Student Involvement in Mental Health Education. Health Education: Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 51-52.
Cooperative Relay Scheduling in Energy Harvesting Sensor Networks

This chapter studies relay scheduling in wireless sensor networks with energy harvesting and cooperative communications capabilities. Sensor networks are increasingly deployed in inaccessible and remote regions for applications such as environmental monitoring, relief operations, and defense. In such networks, energy harvesting and cooperative communication paradigms are used simultaneously to design energy-efficient relay scheduling strategies. The following scheduling problem is formulated to maximize the network utility: Given an estimate of the current network state, should a source sensor node transmit its data directly to the destination sensor node, or should it use a relay sensor node to help with the transmission? An upper bound is obtained on the performance of an arbitrary scheduler. Scheduling policies are then developed to choose the appropriate transmission mode depending upon the available energy at the sensors as well as the states of their energy harvesting and data generation processes. Two separate scenarios are considered where the state of the relay node is either fully or partially observable at the source node, and the scenarios are modeled using a Markov Decision Process (MDP) and a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) respectively. It is shown that the POMDP can be transformed into an equivalent MDP. Optimal scheduling strategies are evaluated using value iteration algorithm, and various insights towards optimal relay scheduling are discussed. Simulation results are used to show the performance of the proposed strategies.
An Accountability Scorecard in Public Education: Bureaucratic, Market, and Professional Venues

Accountability involves account-giving in which information is presented regarding the actions of an individual or organization to achieve a particular goal. Borrowing from the policy design literature, four key elements of an accountability system are presented: goals, actors, accounts, and consequences. In each element there are multiple possibilities. The range of accountability options is analyzed in the context of three different institutional settings or venues – bureaucracy, markets, and professionalism – that characterize teaching and learning in schools. Standardized tests and bureaucratic metrics dominate educational accountability policy, but accountability metrics in market and professional domains have an important place as well. An accountability scorecard can provide a broader and more comprehensive approach. Accountability systems have a feed-forward effect in shaping subsequent policy debates and potentially strengthening school capacity.
Ozone and Oxygen Toxicity

Ozone is a ubiquitous air pollutant, especially in summer months due to the need for ultraviolet radiation for its atmospheric biosynthesis from its precursors, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds. This chapter discusses the toxicological, epidemiological, and mechanistic evidence that concentrations of ozone at, or near, ambient levels are capable of causing acute and chronic lung injury and disease. The underlying cellular mechanisms of lung injury and repair are briefly discussed. Key studies that have informed Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) risk assessment and standard setting are presented and analyzed.
Excitron Transport in Mixed Crystals: Quantum Percolation

Two-component mixed crystals are interesting and important systems for studying exciton transport. At high temperatures, a hopping description of exciton dynamics is thought to be adequate.1 Considering excitations on only one species of molecule, and assuming that the hopping rates for these active sites are nonzero only for nearest neighbor pairs, this then defines a classical percolation problem.2 That is, if the fraction of active sites is p, then for p less than a critical value pc, only finite clusters of active molecules exist and no long-range transport is possible. However, if p > pc, an infinite cluster exists, and long-range transport occurs. It is known that for a 2-d square lattice pc ≅ 0.59, while for a 3-d simple cubic lattice pc ≅ 0.31.
Application of cross-correlated delay shift rule in spiking neural networks for interictal spike detection

This study proposes a Cross-Correlated Delay Shift (CCDS) supervised learning rule to train neurons with associated spatiotemporal patterns to classify spike patterns. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using the CCDS rule to automate the detection of interictal spikes in electroencephalogram (EEG) data on patients with epilepsy. Encoding is the initial yet essential step for spiking neurons to process EEG patterns. A new encoding method is utilized to convert the EEG signal into spike patterns. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm identified 69 spikes out of 82 spikes, or 84% detection rate, which is quite high considering the subtleties of interictal spikes and the tediousness of monitoring long EEG records. This CCDS rule is also benchmarked by ReSuMe on the same task.
Dialysis Access-Related Steal Syndrome and Neuropathy

Traditionally, arteriovenous fistula (AVF) ligation was the preferred method to address symptomatic upper extremity arterial steal syndrome associated with dialysis access; however, this required an additional operation to create new access and a period of time with an indwelling central catheter for dialysis. As a result, over the past three decades, a number of other techniques have been described to treat symptomatic steal syndrome while also preserving the access for dialysis. This chapter discusses steal syndrome in dialysis access.
A crystal chemical study of montroseite and paramontroseite.

Montroseite, (V, Fe)O(OH), has been shown by Evans and Block to have a structure analogous to that of diaspore, AIO(OH). Altered crystals of montroseite give multiple r-ray pattems showing one sharp orthorhombic lattice corresponding to the host crystal and two diffuse lattices of similar symmetry and dimensions in parallel orientation. The more prominent of the difiuse phases is interpreted as a metastable form of VO2, resulting from the oxidation of the host crystal, and is given the name "paramontroseite". Paramontroseite has a:4.89, b:9.39, and c:2.93 A., with space group Pbnm. The structure of boti montroseite and paramontroseite has been completely refined by electron density syrrthesis and least squares analysis. The outstanding difference between the two structures lies in the length of the oxygen-oxygen distance corresponding to the hydrogen bond in montroseite. This length increases from 2.63 to 3.87 A., in going from montroseite to paramontroseite, indicating the loss of hydrogen during the alteration. The concept of an alteration process involving a migration of ions and electrons through an unbroken oxygen framework is thus directJy supported by the crystal structure analyses, and also by other *-ray difiraction and chemical information. The postulated alteration mechanism is illustrated by certain other examples, notably the alteration of lepidocrocite and magnetite to maghemite, and of goethite to hematite.
Anticonvulsant Medication Use in Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Objective Anticonvulsants have been studied for many indications, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The limited efficacy research on anticonvulsants for PTSD is mixed. However, anticonvulsants are prescribed widely to veterans with PTSD. Our objective was to measure trends and factors associated with anticonvulsant prescriptions among veterans with PTSD. Methods We obtained administrative and pharmacy data for veterans who initiated PTSD treatment in the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) between 2004 and 2013 (N = 731,520). We identified those who received anticonvulsants during the year following their initial clinical PTSD diagnosis and examined common indications for anticonvulsant use, patient characteristics, and service use characteristics. Using logistic regression, we determined the predictors of anticonvulsant initiation among those without an indication. Results Although 24.9% of patients in the cohort received an anticonvulsant during their initial year of PTSD treatment, 94.6% had an indication unrelated to PTSD and 51.2% initiated anticonvulsant use before their PTSD diagnosis. While there was growth in anticonvulsant initiation over the 10-year period, this was explained both by growth in indications unrelated to PTSD and by increased use of anticonvulsants for these indications. The rate of anticonvulsant initiation without an indication was stable at approximately 5% throughout the period, with patient and service use characteristics driving the selection of individual agents. Conclusions A large and increasing proportion of veterans with PTSD receives anticonvulsant prescriptions. However, this may be appropriate use driven by increased prevalence of comorbid conditions that may be an indication for anticonvulsant use, including pain and headache disorders.
Multi-modality surgical treatment for an increasingly common patient with morbid obesity and papillary thyroid carcinoma

The link between obesity and health disorders such as hypertension, diabetes and coronary artery disease is well known. When a morbidly obese patient presents with a new diagnosis of any cancer, it adds to the many challenges both the patient and treating physicians face. Not only is surgical resection of the malignancy more technically challenging, but also postoperative care such as therapeutic radiation and follow-up imaging is limited by the weight and size restrictions of the machines. With time to treatment being a key factor in limiting the progression of disease, standard weight loss techniques such as diet and exercise in the majority of cases take too long or fail to lead to adequate results. We present a case of a 48-year-old female with newly diagnosed papillary thyroid cancer who underwent gastric bypass surgery in order to lose enough weight to undergo radiation therapy to treat her metastatic disease.
Introduction to Extremozymes

This chapter introduces the basic concepts of enzymes, applications of enzymes and advantages of microbial bioprocesses over the enzymatic bioprocesses. The chapter gives an introduction about the extremozymes, its sources, and advantages of extremozymes over other enzymatic processes. This chapter also explains the different types of extremozymes such as thermophilic, hyperthermophilic, psychrophilic, barophilic, acidophilic, alkaliphilic, xenophilic, halophilic as well as metal-resistant microorganisms. This chapter gives a broad outline about extremophilic enzymatic processes which is a prerequisite for the readers to understand the following chapters.
Effect of HPP treatment on the safety and quality of beef steak intended for sous vide cooking

Abstract High Pressure Processing (HPP), a non-thermal microbial inactivation technology, can be potentially used as hurdle during processing while enhancing the taste and nutrition of muscle foods. In this study, the effect of HPP treatment on safety and quality of beef steak intended for sous vide cooking was determined. Beef steaks were inoculated with E. coli 0157:H7 via pin pad and then seared, vacuum packaged, and subjected to HPP. HPP treatment at 450 MPa for 15 min resulted in reductions of 4.74 log CFU/g in E. coli . At 600 MPa, E. coli levels saw reductions of 6.13 log CFU/g, after 10 min. HPP can achieve microbial reductions of E. coli exceeding the 5-log definition of pasteurization, allowing the potential for the creation of convenience products with reduced potential risk in home sous vides cooking. HPP treatment at 450 MPa and 600 MPa did not significantly change the properties of most seared beef steaks in term of pH, water activity, moisture content, expressible moisture. Additionally, while the degree of lipid oxidation (via TBARs) decreased significantly ( p p > 0.05).
Intersection of race, gender, and nationality in teaching about race and racism

Teaching about race and racism is important in social work education, yet at times it can present perplexing experiences for some faculty members. Using the concept of intersectionality, this paper...
Attitudes Toward Parental Disclosures to Children and Adolescents by Divorced and Married Parents

Objective To examine individuals' attitudes about parental disclosures to children. Background Parents' disclosures can either help or hinder children's coping with family-related stressors. Knowing what is appropriate to disclose, however, is not always clear. Method We examined judgments about parental disclosures using a mixed-methods approach. In 18 factorial vignettes, information about a parent's marital status and gender and a child's age and gender were randomly varied; a convenience sample of 561 individuals evaluated the appropriateness of parental disclosures. An open-ended question asked respondents to explain their answers. Results Quantitative data indicated that children's ages and parents' gender affected attitudes about disclosures, but parents' marital status and children's gender did not. Qualitative responses indicated that participants were concerned about parental disclosures putting children in the middle of parents' problems. Disclosures about sexual issues were considered inappropriate for school-aged children but appropriate for adolescents. Conclusion There is consensus on evaluations of the appropriateness of specific parental disclosures. Negative disclosures are perceived as potentially harmful to offspring regardless of parents' marital status. Some topics are seen as more acceptable to disclose to adolescents than to younger children, and evaluations of specific disclosures differ for fathers and mothers. Implications A better understanding of how people evaluate parental disclosures may be useful to family therapists, parent educators, and others who work with families.
Diffusion and selectivity of water confined within metal–organic nanotubes.

Behavior of nanoconfined water in porous materials has important implications for the development of advanced water purification and storage. In the current study, the kinetics of water sorption from the vapor phase into a metal organic nanotube ((C4N2H6)[(UO2)(C4O4NH5)(C4O4NH6)]·2H2O (UMON)) are investigated with varying relative humidity. The UMON compound contains nanoconfined water molecules arranged in an ice-like array along the length of its one-dimensional pore and exhibits complete specificity to liquid water. Total hydration of the material is observed upon exposure to relative humidity of 60% or higher. Water uptake curves are modeled as diffusion and irreversible condensation in the pore, which leads to a modeled diffusion coefficient of (1.2 ± 0.6) × 10−12 cm2 s−1 for water in UMON nanochannels. This value is much lower than observed for other porous material and is most similar to water diffusivity in low-density amorphous ice. In addition, on exposure to various solvent vapors, the UMON material maintained specificity for water in the gas phase.
Abstract 4105: Localized and triggered release of oxaliplatin for the treatment of colorectal liver metastasis

Though systemic chemotherapy is the standard of care for the treatment of unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer, new drug delivery platforms are needed to mitigate the associated toxicities. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a liposome formulation that delivers oxaliplatin under magnetic field stimulus in a rat model of colorectal liver metastases. The drug delivery platform was synthesized by encapsulating iron oxide nanocubes and oxaliplatin in sterically stabilized polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated liposomes of ~140 nm size. Magnetic properties and efficacy of drug release were determined by exposing the liposomes to an alternating magnetic field (AMF). In vitro efficacy of the liposomes was tested by performing viability assay on rat colorectal liver metastasis cell line (CC-531 cell line). For in vivo studies, rats implanted with CC-531 cells were divided into various groups and the efficacy of systemically delivered oxaliplatin was compared to localized and triggered delivery. Localized delivery and triggered release of drug was imaged by quantitative magnetic resonance and optical imaging methods. The rats were euthanized after 3 weeks, tumors harvested and HE 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4105.
Effect of hemostatic device on radial artery occlusion: A randomized comparison of compression devices in the radial hemostasis study

Abstract Background Asymptomatic radial artery occlusion (RAO) is a major limitation of transradial catheterization (TRC). Two radial compression hemostatic devices are compared for their respective effects on RAO. Methods In a prospective, randomized, single center, blinded trial, 320 patients were randomly treated with a TR band (Terumo Corporation) or Safeguard Radial (Merit Medical). Institution wide protocols consisting of anticoagulation , patent hemostasis , duration of compression, and use of 6 French slender sheaths (Terumo Corporation) were observed. Patient discomfort related to the device was recorded using the universal pain scale. Radial artery patency was evaluated by reverse Barbeau's test prior to discharge (1-hour post-diagnostic catheterization or 6–24 hour post-intervention) and at 30-days. Results Of the 320 patients, 155 were randomized to the TR group (TRG) and 159 to the Safeguard group (SGG). 6 patients were excluded due to the inability to insert 6 Fr slender sheaths or patient withdrawing consent. Demographic and procedural characteristics were similar with the exception of the type of coronary procedure performed. Both bands were equally effective in achieving patent hemostasis. Despite having a higher rate of post-procedure hematoma (1.29% TRG vs. 3.1% SGG, p = 0.04) and acute RAO (3.8% TRG vs. 6.28% SGG, p = 0.05) with the Safeguard band, at 30 days RAO was similar in both groups (1.9% TRG vs. 2.5% SGG; p = 0.21). Patients in the SGG reported significantly less band discomfort and were found to require less air to achieve patent hemostasis. Conclusion Evidence-based contemporary TRC protocols of using smaller diameter access, anticoagulation, and use of just enough pressure for the shortest duration of time to achieve hemostasis is associated with very low RAO rate at 30 days irrespective of the radial compression device used.
SEMANTIC NETWORK REPRESENTATIONS IN RULE-BASED INFERENCE SYSTEMS1

Rule-based inference systems allow judgmental knowledge about a specific problem domain to be represented as a collection of discrete rules. Each rule states that if certain premises are known, then certain conclusions can be inferred. An important design issue concerns the representational form for the premises and conclusions of the rules. We describe a rule-based system that uses a partitioned semantic network representation for the premises and conclusions. Several advantages can be cited for the semantic network representation. The most important of these concern the ability to represent subset and element taxonomic information, the ability to include the same relation in several different premises and conclusions, and the potential for smooth interface with natural language subsystems. This representation is being used in a system currently under development at SRI to aid a geologist in the evaluation of the mineral potential of exploration sites. The principles behind this system and its current implementation are described here.
Impact of good and poor mobilizers on hematopoietic progenitor cell collection efficiency and product quality

BACKGROUND Mobilization regimen choice is a significant contributing factor for successful hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) collection by leukocytapheresis and reaching the target CD34+ cell dose. How mobilization regimen affects collection efficiency and the quality of products collected using the Spectra Optia apheresis instrument is not fully known. METHODS We evaluated the impact of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (GCSF) and GCSF/plerixafor mobilization regimens on CE and product composition. We studied 373 leukocytapheresis HPC collections for 147 autologous transplants from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014. Patients were categorized in two groups; good mobilizers, mobilized with GCSF only (GM) and poor mobilizers, mobilized with GCSF and Plerixafor (PM). RESULTS Overall, compared with PM group, total nucleated cell (TNC) yield was significantly lower in GM group (P = <.001). In contrast, median percent mononuclear cell (MNC) collected from GM (86.5%) was significantly higher than products collected from PM group (79.5%; P < .001). Compared with GM group, CD34+ cell CE was about 10% lower in PM group (P < .008). In addition, daily CD34+ cell/Kg yield was significantly higher in GM (2.08 × 10/Kg) compared with PM group (1.64 x 10/Kg, P = .019). Overall, the median number of collections per patient was two for GM and three for PM (P = .004). CONCLUSION Products collected from PM group contained higher TNC content relative to GM group but had lower MNC enrichment, CD34+ cell CE and daily CD34+ cell yield per Kg.
On the Perfectibility of the Human Species: Evidence Using Fixed Reference Groups

When earlier editions of IQ, adaptive, and basic skills achievement tests are used as fixed reference groups massive gains emerge. We are more intelligent, mature, and literate than our parents and...
Integrated Genomic, Epigenomic, and Expression Analyses of Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines.

Summary To improve our understanding of ovarian cancer, we performed genome-wide analyses of 45 ovarian cancer cell lines. Given the challenges of genomic analyses of tumors without matched normal samples, we developed approaches for detection of somatic sequence and structural changes and integrated these with epigenetic and expression alterations. Alterations not previously implicated in ovarian cancer included amplification or overexpression of ASXL1 and H3F3B, deletion or underexpression of CDC73 and TGF-beta receptor pathway members, and rearrangements of YAP1-MAML2 and IKZF2-ERBB4. Dose-response analyses to targeted therapies revealed unique molecular dependencies, including increased sensitivity of tumors with PIK3CA and PPP2R1A alterations to PI3K inhibitor GNE-493, MYC amplifications to PARP inhibitor BMN673, and SMAD3/4 alterations to MEK inhibitor MEK162. Genome-wide rearrangements provided an improved measure of sensitivity to PARP inhibition. This study provides a comprehensive and broadly accessible resource of molecular information for the development of therapeutic avenues in ovarian cancer.
Almost-prime values of reducible polynomials at prime arguments

Abstract We combine A.J. Irving's sieve method with the Diamond-Halberstam-Richert (DHR) sieve to study the almost-prime values produced by products of irreducible polynomials evaluated at prime arguments. A significant improvement is made when the degrees of the irreducible components are large compared with the number of components themselves. This generalizes the previous results of Irving and Kao, who separately examined the almost-prime values of a single irreducible polynomial evaluated at prime arguments.
Risk-Informed Intervention: Using Intimate Partner Violence Risk Assessment within an Evidence-Based Practice Framework

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive problem in the United States. IPV is often repetitive and may escalate; in a small number of cases, IPV leads to homicide. This article presents an evidence-based practice (EBP) model for risk-informed social work intervention with survivors and perpetrators of IPV. The EBP model combines the best available research evidence, practitioner expertise, and client self-determination to guide the most appropriate intervention. IPV risk assessment instruments provide the best available evidence of future reassault, severe reassault, or homicide. Practitioners who implement IPV risk assessment can use their expertise to adjust risk scores and to suggest risk mitigation strategies for their clients. Examples of risk-informed social work practice include the safe removal of firearms, safety planning around separation, and mitigating the negative consequences of strangulation and sexual violence. Clients ultimately use their self-determination to decide which risk reduction strategies to implement. An EBP model can be used by social workers in all areas of practice to provide risk-informed social work interventions.
Crystallographic and cryo EM analysis of virion-receptor interactions.

Cryoelectron microscopy has been used to determine the first structure of a virus when complexed with its glycoprotein cellular receptor. Human rhinovirus 16 (HRV16) complexed with the two amino-terminal, immunoglobulin-like domains of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) shows that ICAM-1 binds into the 12 A deep “canyon” on the surface of the virus. This is consistent with the prediction that the viral receptor attachment site lies in a cavity inaccessible to the host’s antibodies. The atomic structures of HRV14 and CD4, homologous to HRV16 and ICAM-1, showed excellent correspondence with observed density, thus establishing the virus-receptor interactions.
Periodontal Flap Designs for Access and Osseous Surgery

In the sequence of treatment of the periodontal patient, surgical intervention may become necessary after completion of the nonsurgical phase. Periodontal surgical techniques aim to gain access to root surfaces for debridement and root planing and/or to remove soft and hard tissue structures to reestablish physiologic contours. Surgical techniques can be divided into resective, minimally resective, and non-resective techniques. Periodontal resective surgery includes removal of soft tissue, hard tissue, or a combination of both. Soft tissue resection includes gingivectomy, gingivoplasty, and distal wedge procedures. Moreover, combined soft and hard tissue resection procedures also aim to provide the restorative dentist to deliver biologically stable restorations that are compatible with a healthy periodontium. Periodontal minimally resective surgery includes two main flap designs that have been modified over the years to reflect changing perspectives and updated technology. Periodontal non-resective surgery includes flap designs to gain access to the roots and bony defects while maintaining the soft tissue. While periodontal surgical therapy allows for improved outcomes following nonsurgical therapy, cigarette smoking, inadequate oral hygiene, and poor maintenance compliance can all negatively influence outcomes. Decisions for flap design and concomitant bacterial biofilm control are individualized based on the patient’s needs and commitment to treatment for periodontal disease.
Human induced pluripotent stem cell line with genetically encoded fluorescent voltage indicator generated via CRISPR for action potential assessment post-cardiogenesis.

Genetically encoded fluorescent voltage indicators, such as ArcLight, have been used to report action potentials (APs) in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). However, the ArcLight expression, in all cases, relied on a high number of lentiviral vector-mediated random genome integrations (8-12 copy/cell), raising concerns such as gene disruption and alteration of global and local gene expression, as well as loss or silencing of reporter genes after differentiation. Here, we report the use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 nuclease technique to develop a hiPSC line stably expressing ArcLight from the AAVS1 safe harbor locus. The hiPSC line retained proliferative ability with a growth rate similar to its parental strain. Optical recording with conventional epifluorescence microscopy allowed the detection of APs as early as 21 days postdifferentiation, and could be repeatedly monitored for at least 5 months. Moreover, quantification and analysis of the APs of ArcLight-CMs identified two distinctive subtypes: a group with high frequency of spontaneous APs of small amplitudes that were pacemaker-like CMs and a group with low frequency of automaticity and large amplitudes that resembled the working CMs. Compared with FluoVolt voltage-sensitive dye, although dimmer, the ArcLight reporter exhibited better optical performance in terms of phototoxicity and photostability with comparable sensitivities and signal-to-noise ratios. The hiPSC line with targeted ArcLight engineering design represents a useful tool for studying cardiac development or hiPSC-derived cardiac disease models and drug testing.
Opioid Use, Perioperative Risks, and Associated Postoperative Complications in Foot and Ankle Surgery.

Category:Ankle, Midfoot/Forefoot, Opioid Use ResearchIntroduction/Purpose:Within the United States, opioid abuse has become a national crisis. Twenty-nine percent of patients prescribed opioids mis...
New Strategies for Inner-City Economic Development: Initiative for a Competitive Inner City

The economic distress of America's inner cities is one of the most pressing issues facing the nation. The lack of businesses and jobs in inner cities fuels not only poverty but also crippling social problems such as drug abuse and crime.The time has come to recognize that revitalizing these areas requires a radically different approach. Today, most efforts and public resources are targeted toward meeting residents' immediate needs rather than generating jobs and economic opportunity that will mitigate the need for large-scale social programs. Although efforts to provide education, housing, healthcare, and other needed services are essential, they must be balanced with a concerted and realistic economic strategy focused on for-profit business and job development. The necessity-and the real opportunity-is to create income and wealth by harnessing the power of market forces, rather than trying to defy them. The private sector must play a leading role in inner-city economic development and, in many ways, is already beginning to do so.In order to create better linkages between the private sector and the inner-city economy, Harvard Business School professor Michael E. Porter founded The Initiative for a Competitive Inner City (!CIC) in 1994. With the knowledge that there is genuine economic potential in inner cities that has been largely unrecognized and untapped, we continue to pursue our mission of fostering healthy economies in America's inner cities through our research and programmatic efforts.
What to expect with volunteers

Abstract In this chapter, readers find out about the kinds of volunteers that arrive on disaster sites. From self-deployed, unaffiliated volunteers to those associated with experienced disaster organizations, this chapter presents the benefits and issues tied to each. The chapter then moves readers deeper into the range of voluntary organizations active in disaster situations, the purpose of which is to provide ideas for prospective volunteers as well as insights for volunteer and emergency managers.
Identification of Soybean (Glycine max) Check Lines for Evaluating Genetic Resistance to Sclerotinia Stem Rot.

Soybean production in the upper midwestern United States is affected by Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) caused by the fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Genetic resistance is an important managem...
The Utility of Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Angiography and Neck Magnetic Resonance Angiography in Patients with Suspected Acute Stroke.

Background In our health maintenance organization, we have seen a trend among our referring physicians to order simultaneous brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), head magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and neck MRA in the evaluation of patients for acute stroke. However, there are little data to demonstrate any improvement in patient care resulting from ordering this triple study. The objective of this study was to analyze the utility of the triple MRI/MRA study for patients who experience stroke-like symptoms. Methods We reviewed all triple-study cases between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2016. We recorded whether or not an acute stroke occurred, the presence or absence of a major stenosis in the intracranial and/or neck arteries, subsequent percutaneous endovascular or open surgical intervention within 90 days, and any follow-up computed tomography angiography or carotid ultrasound studies within 30 days. Results During the studied period, 591 triple studies were ordered, and 162 patients (27.4%) were found to have moderate or severe stenosis. Of the patients who had an acute stroke, 100 (48.3%) also had a major stenosis. Of 591 patients, only 15 (2.5%) underwent percutaneous endovascular or open surgical intervention within 90 days. Of these, 4 patients had an intervention in less than a week; in all of the cases, the triple study did not need to be ordered simultaneously to achieve the same clinical outcome. Conclusion Brain MRI, head MRA, and neck MRA studies should not be ordered simultaneously as a generalized response to patients presenting with acute stroke-like symptoms.
Allen, Eugene M. 1916–2005

Eugene Allen was born on November 7, 1916, in Newark, NJ to Celia and Mitchell Kaplan. He attended Columbia College in New York, receiving a bachelor’s degree. He transferred to Stevens Institute of Technology where in 1944 he received a master’s degree in mathematics while working at the military research facility Picatinny Arsenal in Dover, NJ.
Exploring the content-based ESL program: a case of research-conscious pedagogy

A small liberal arts college in the process of developing the curricular framework for a new ESL program with an intensive element provides the setting for this qualitative study. Practicing a research-conscious perspective, the extent to which the content-based approach to English language instruction is pedagogically appropriate for a small program housed at a liberal arts college is discussed. After examining both the theoretical underpinnings of the contentbased approach and the application of content-based instruction in selected college settings, the adoption of a content-based approach for a small program focused on preparing non-native speakers of English for continued academic study at the university level is considered. Throughout the discussion, this study also seeks to emphasize the importance of thoughtful consideration of curricular decisions from a balanced perspective of theory and practice.
Caveats for correlative species distribution modeling

Abstract Correlative species distribution models are becoming commonplace in the scientific literature and public outreach products, displaying locations, abundance, or suitable environmental conditions for harmful invasive species, threatened and endangered species, or species of special concern. Accurate species distribution models are useful for efficient and adaptive management and conservation, research, and ecological forecasting. Yet, these models are often presented without fully examining or explaining the caveats for their proper use and interpretation and are often implemented without understanding the limitations and assumptions of the model being used. We describe common pitfalls, assumptions, and caveats of correlative species distribution models to help novice users and end users better interpret these models. Four primary caveats corresponding to different phases of the modeling process, each with supporting documentation and examples, include: (1) all sampling data are incomplete and potentially biased; (2) predictor variables must capture distribution constraints; (3) no single model works best for all species, in all areas, at all spatial scales, and over time; and (4) the results of species distribution models should be treated like a hypothesis to be tested and validated with additional sampling and modeling in an iterative process.
Sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease.

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews the disorders of daytime alertness and nocturnal sleep in idiopathic Parkinsonism. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects approximately 300 per 100,000 populations. The clinical features include bradykinesia, rest tremor, muscle rigidity, and postural instability without atypical signs, such as early prominent dementia, early autonomic dysfunction, supranuclear gaze palsy, or cerebellar signs. Idiopathic Parkinsonism typically begins on one side of the body, progressing to involve both sides but remaining asymmetrical. PD motor signs are typically very responsive to levodopa. The characteristic pathological finding in PD is degeneration of pigmented neurons in the substantia nigra with formation of Lewy bodies. Additional brain areas are also affected, including the locus coeruleus, dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, and the pedunculopontine nucleus. Degeneration of these nondopaminergic brainstem regions may begin prior to degeneration of the substantia nigra and accounts for many of the non-motor features seen in PD, including many of the sleep disorders commonly associated with PD. Sleep disturbances and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) affect 60–80% of patients with PD during the course of their disease.
THE NUCLEAR ARMING OF SOUTH AFRICA

devastating rebellions which recently occurred in South Africa, leaving untold numbers of blacks either dead or wounded are a painful and tragic, yet necessary reminder of the human stakes in the Southern African situation. As the tempo of the southward movement of the revolution heightens and the issues in Namibia, Zimbabwe and Azania come clearly into focus, it should be underlined once again, that both in terms of the classic dimensions of political analysis and the specific conditions of these African peoples, the southern African situation is a revolutionary situation. The fresh rebellions inside South Africa are evidence of the existence of revolutionary activity. If the level of struggle against white repression were left at this crude stage we could not understand the relationship between the rebellions and a continuing revolution. However, the existence of African political parties, and African military forces in the contested areas illustrates that the activity we witness is not based on mere reformist opposition to the practices of the regimes, but upon the fact that blacks have raised up African nationalism to combat white settler nationalism with the ultimate objective being the replacement of one for another. The resort to violent revolution as a means to achieve African self-determination is a legitimate strategy, but perhaps has been most necessary where colonialism from a European country was administered through a significant white settler community such as in Algeria, Kenya, Angola, Rhodesia and South Africa. In all of these places, a repressive colonialism, combined with an intransigent and ruthless local settler community has fostered nationalism expressed by a revolutionary movement. The fact which concerns us, however, is that although on the one hand, the white settlers of Rhodesia and South Africa fear the use of revolutionary tactics by blacks, they are also bolstered in their opposition and intransigence by powerful third party states such as the United States. U.S. policy is, therefore, critical to understand as an element in the response of white settler regimes to the revolutionary situation in Southern Africa.
Effeminacy in prepubertal boys. Summary of eleven cases and recommendations for case management.

Eleven prepubertal boys, who at the time of their referral were assuming many of the behavioral characteristics of girls, were studied. One case has been followed 5 years, four for 2 years, and six were seen this past year for the first time. A brief summary of case findings is presented along with theoretic considerations and a program for case management during childhood.
Molecules and Dust in Supernovae

Observations of molecules and dust in supernova SN 1987a and SN 1995ad are summarised and the inferred masses of CO and SiO are presented. The chemistry is used to argue that macroscopic mixing occurred in which the interpenetrating clumps in the ejecta retained their microscopic integrity. An explanation of the anomalous temperature structure is advanced. Molecular candidates for some of the unidentified spectral features are proposed.
Less Than Human: Simple Adaptive Trading Agents for CDA Markets

Abstract Gode and Sunder (1993) described continuous double-auction (CDA) markets populated by “zero-intelligence” (ZI) traders that act randomly. Their results appear to indicate that no intelligence is required to give human-like trading performance. Cliff and Bruten (1997) demonstrated serious failings of ZI traders. Here, 'ZIplus' (ZIP) traders are introduced: simple stochastic agents that adapt over time using an elementary form of machine learning. It is shown that the performance of ZIP traders is significantly closer to the human data than is that of ZI traders. Thus, human-like trading behavior can be achieved with intelligence that is more than zero but much less than human.
Knowledge management for wireless grid operation enters

Our objective is to develop generalized principles for grid operations centers that can be applied to specific domains. We focus on the domain of wireless telecommunications NOCs (WNOCs) as a starting point in this process. To address this problem, we focus specifically on the knowledge requirements for service-based decision support within wireless telecommunications. We use a Mission-Policy-Metrics-Sensor management control feedback model and associated influence diagrams to show how an integrated NOC can be developed from the constituent wireless NOCs (WNOCs). We derive metrics for the various WNOCs, which, in turn, drive data, model, user interface, and agent requirements for a decision environment that can support integrated customer service. By concentrating on a knowledge-based view of WNOCs, we provide a methodology for integrating existing grid-based operations centers.
Parents as Teachers of Family-Centered Care in Pediatrics: Parents and Residents in Session

Objectives: Despite recommendations for practicing patient and family centered care (PFCC), there is no consensus about the best way to teach this approach, nor data about timing in medical training to introduce this concept. This study evaluated the feasibility of training with family faculty to improve medical trainees’ attitudes and knowledge regarding PFCC, and compared the effects of the same intervention on two levels of trainees. Methods: Participants completed a manual-driven training that included parents (“family faculty”) who described their perspective during their child’s hospital stay. Outcomes were evaluated in two domains: medical trainees’ attitudes and knowledge about PFCC. Results: Thirty pediatric residents and fifty-three medical students participated in training with seven and six family faculty members respectively. Mean scores on an Attitudes measure given to residents showed significant improvement after the session from 22.71 ( SD =2.41) to 25.84 ( SD =3.02), t = -6.92, p < .01. Knowledge scores also significantly improved from a mean of 1.86 ( SD =1.01) to 3.14 ( SD =0.93), t = -6.28, p < .01. For medical students, mean scores on the Attitudes measure significantly improved after the session from 20.26 ( SD =3.77) to 22.15 ( SD =4.74), t = -3.95, p < .01. There was no change in Knowledge score, 2.13 ( SD =0.82) to 2.27 ( SD =0.91), t = 1.55, p = 0.13. Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first study that examined the timing of a structured intervention to improve PFCC. The concept of PFCC is taught effectively during the residency stage of medical training.