cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Opportunities to improve sleep of children exposed to interpersonal violence: A social-ecological perspective

Abstract Over 25% of U.S. children are witness to traumatic intrafamilial or community violence each year, and sleep medicine and developmental research jointly suggest that trauma-exposed youth experience more sleep disturbance than their non-exposed counterparts. Sleep medicine literature emphasizes physical and social environmental factors affecting sleep, and trauma literature underscores children’s seeking out physically and emotionally safe and predictable environments during trauma recovery. This study employed a hermeneutic phenomenological framing to explore the lived experiences of 65 violence-exposed children and families, and to examine how youths’ social and physical sleep environments facilitated or impeded sleep in the aftermath of trauma. Children’s sleep experiences following violence exposure shared two primary essences of experience: a) navigating external threats that agitated sleep after trauma; and b) exercising agency over sleep and related environments to restabilize emotional security. Clinicians and social services coordinators working with children and families are uniquely positioned to indicate sleep assessments as part of treatment following trauma, and to also facilitate identification of tangible, sleep-supportive and changeable factors in sleep environments.
Suggestions for Critical Awareness, Accountability, and Transformation in Human Rights Education

Human Rights Education exists as an implementing entity of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Scholars such as Andre Keet and others have criticized the dissemination of universal rights through education because it covets Western ideology over local ethical and epistemological constructs. Using Tibbitts’ revised typologies of Human Rights Education, this paper offers suggestions for critical pedagogy for the teaching of, for, and through Human Rights. These suggestions are drawn from examples of critical practice from throughout the world.
A Novel Inhibitor Targeting NLRP3 Inflammasome Reduces Neuropathology and Improves Cognitive Function in Alzheimer's Disease Transgenic Mice.

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and the most common type of dementia. A growing body of evidence has implicated neuroinflammation as an essential player in the etiology of AD. Inflammasomes are intracellular multiprotein complexes and essential components of innate immunity in response to pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns. Among the known inflammasomes, the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of AD. Objective We recently developed a novel class of small molecule inhibitors that selectively target the NLRP3 inflammasome. One of the lead compounds, JC124, has shown therapeutic efficacy in a transgenic animal model of AD. In this study we will test the preventative efficacy of JC124 in another strain of transgenic AD mice. Methods In this study, 5-month-old female APP/PS1 and matched wild type mice were treated orally with JC124 for 3 months. After completion of treatment, cognitive functions and AD pathologies, as well as protein expression levels of synaptic proteins, were assessed. Results We found that inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome with JC124 significantly decreased multiple AD pathologies in APP/PS1 mice, including amyloid-β (Aβ) load, neuroinflammation, and neuronal cell cycle re-entry, accompanied by preserved synaptic plasticity with higher expression of pre- and post-synaptic proteins, increased hippocampal neurogenesis, and improved cognitive functions. Conclusion Our study demonstrates the importance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in AD pathological development, and pharmacological inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome with small molecule inhibitors represents a potential therapy for AD.
Unusual electrocardiographic manifestations of lethal cocaine toxicity

Cocaine is one of the most widely used illicit drugs in the U.S. [1]. We present a case of fatal cardiac arrest following cocaine abuse. The patient’s electrocardiograms demonstrated malignant dysr...
Can Boys Have Turner Syndrome? More than a Question of Semantics

Individuals with 45,X mosaicism with Y chromosome material raised as boys are not diagnosed with Turner syndrome, a label restricted to phenotypic females. We sought to determine if boys with 45,X mosaicism had features consistent with Turner syndrome. Twenty-two patients (14 girls, 8 boys) seen in our Differences of Sex Development (DSD) clinic were identified for review. Standardized height (z-scores) by sex of rearing and results of cardiology, renal, audiology, thyroid, and celiac screenings were recorded. All subjects had heights below the mean for sex. Z-scores were not significantly different between boys and girls (p = 0.185). There were no significant differences in the incidence of cardiac anomalies between boys and girls (p = 0.08). Girls were more likely to have additional screenings (p = 0.042), but there were no significant differences in the number of positive screenings between boys and girls (p = 0.332). Patients with 45,X mosaicism raised as boys appear to have features similar to patients with the same karyotype raised as girls. Routine screening of boys following the Turner Syndrome Clinical Practice Guidelines may allow early recognition of comorbidities. Additionally, obtaining karyotypes on boys with short stature or other features of Turner syndrome may identify unrecognized cases of 45,X mosaicism.
University reputation and technology commercialization: evidence from nanoscale science

We study how the scientific reputations and technology transfer policies of universities affect patenting by university researchers, with particular regard to whether they assign patent ownership to their university or to an outside firm. Using data on the career output of over 33,000 researchers in nanosciences, we find a strongly positive relationship of university reputation in nanosciences with the number of university-assigned patents, but almost a negligible association with firm-assignment of patents. University technology transfer office resources are related positively to both types of patents, but with diminishing returns. In contrast, the share of license revenue offered upfront to researchers is positively associated with university-assigned patents, but negatively related to firm-assigned patents. Taken together, our results suggest that universities that streamline their technology transfer efforts and improve their research reputation through support for basic research will see long-term success in technology commercialization.
Phosphorus recycling by profunda quagga mussels (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) in Lake Michigan

Abstract The effects of dreissenid mussels on plankton abundance and nutrient cycling in shallow, productive waters of the Great Lakes have been well-documented, but the effects of their more recent expansion into offshore regions have received much less attention. Understanding quagga mussel impact on Lake Michigan's phosphorus (P) fluxes is critical in assessing long-term implications for nutrient cycling and energy flow. In this study, P excretion and egestion rates were determined for mussels in the hypolimnion of Lake Michigan. Constant low temperatures and limited food supply contributed to a lower basal P excretion rate in profunda quagga mussels compared to the shallow phenotype. The P excretion:egestion ratio was approximately 3:2, highlighting the need to consider both of these pathways when assessing the effect of these filter feeders on nutrient dynamics. Total dissolved P (TDP) excretion rates ranged from 0.0002 to 0.0124 μmol mgDW − 1 d − 1 , soluble reactive P (SRP) excretion rates ranged from 0.0002 to 0.0061 μmol mgDW − 1 d − 1 , and particulate P (PP) egestion rates (feces + pseudofeces) ranged from 0.0007 to 0.0269 μmol mgDW − 1 d − 1 . The ability of profunda mussels to alter P cycling dynamics is reflected in an increased hypolimnetic dissolved:particulate P ratio and the disappearance of the benthic nepheloid layer. On an areal basis, mussel P recycling rates are up to 11 times greater than P settling rates as determined by sediment traps, suggesting that mussel grazing has resulted in an increased delivery rate of P to the deep benthos and a shorter P residence time in the water column.
Human herpesvirus 6: Infection and disease following autologous and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation

Human herpesvirus 6 activity (HHV-6) was studied in 15 allogeneic and 11 autologous marrow transplantation patients. After transplantation, HHV-6 was isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 12 of 26 patients (6 allogeneic and 6 autologous). All isolates were variant B. Eleven of 26 and 12 of 19 patients showed salivary shedding of HHV-6 DNA before and after transplantation, respectively. The antibody titer increased in 7 of 26 patients. Thus, 23 of 26 patients showed evidence of active HHV-6 infection either by virus isolation, salivary shedding, or increases in antibody titers. The fraction of saliva specimens positive in 19 patients was negatively associated with their antibody titers (P= .005). The proportion of cultures positive increased after transplantation (P = .007). Sinusitis was associated with HHV-6 isolation in autologous recipients (P= .002). In allogeneic patients, active human cytomegalovirus infection was associated with HHV-6 isolation (P = .04). No association was observed between HHV-6 infection and GVHD, pneumonia, delay in engraftment, or marrow suppression. Of the 120 clinical events analyzed in 26 patients, HHV-6 was defined as a probable cause of 16 events in 9 patients based on the propinquity of HHV-6 activity and the clinical event plus the absence of other identified causes of the event.
1.2.2 Engineering of Complex Adaptive Systems using OpEMCSS

A graphical discrete event simulation library is proposed for the engineering of complex adaptive systems. This library works with EXTEND (Imagine That Inc), an inexpensive yet capable and easy to use simulation software package, and it is called Operational Evaluation Modeling for Context-Sensitive Systems (OpEMCSS). Context-Sensitive Systems (CSS) is a systems theory, based on finite state machines, that can assist a system designer in understanding and evaluating complex adaptive systems, represented as communicating concurrent (parallel) processes. CSS theory can be expressed using the OpEM graphical modeling language. Thus, OpEMCSS is a graphical simulation library that can model systems based on CSS theory and the OpEM language. As an example, an OpEMCSS model is discussed such that each of two intelligent agents learn rules that maximizes their average reward in the prisoner's dilemma game.
Panel: University-Industry Ties: How Can They Be Improved?

Universities have had a major impact on the EDA industry. University research projects have formed the basis for many important advances in CAD, and university graduates have provided the intellectual talent that has generated further ideas and turned ideas into commercial products. Research funding has been critical to universities both to enable the research to take place, and to support graduate students. Historically, much of this funding has come from the U.S. government, particularly the Department of Defense. Other important sources have included companies, such as IBM, and industry consortia, such as Sematech and the Semiconductor Research Corporation. Most of the industrial funding has come (either directly or indirectly) from manufacturers having significant in-house CAD groups, rather than from EDA vendors. In the past few years, funding for university research has proved increasingly elusive. Costs continue to escalate, particularly to cover graduate student tuition. Meanwhile, government funding agencies are under increasing pressure to direct their resources away from basic research and toward programs with greater short term impact. Manufacturers have scaled back their in-house CAD groups, breaking historic ties with universities, and they have been forced to justify any funding of university research to managers trying to survive as profit centers. EDA companies have made their products available to universities for educational purposes, and computer manufacturers have provided discounts on hardware purchases, but a funding gap remains in covering personnel costs. Meanwhile, many companies have scaled back their research groups, relying on universities to serve as their R&D arms. University researchers have responded to funding pressures by undertaking projects with shorter term objectives and with greater proprietary restrictions in order to obtain industry funding. They have also sought to gain from their intellectual property by such mechanisms as patents, software licensing, and affiliates programs that limit access to participating companies. These shifts have reduced the ability to pursue long term research topics and to freely disseminate research results. This panel will address the relationship between industry and academia, and the implications the changing relationship will have on the future of EDA. Participants in the panel represent a cross section of university, industry, and funding agencies.
Compactness Properties for Stable Semantics of Logic Programs

Logic programming with stable logic semantics (SLP) is a logical formalism that assigns to programs, i.e. sets of clauses where we allow both atoms and their negations in the body of clause, a special class of models of the program, called stable models. We show that stable logic semantics does not satisfy the natural analogue of the compactness theorem. However, we show that there are a variety of conditions which will ensure that a program satisfies the analogue of the compactness theorem.
Relationship between coronary artery remodeling and plaque composition in culprit lesions: an intravascular ultrasound radiofrequency analysis.

Background The relationship between coronary artery remodeling and culprit plaque composition in vivo has not been fully evaluated by spectral analysis of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) radiofrequency (RF) data. Methods and Results IVUS RF analyses were performed for 56 consecutive de novo culprit lesions of 52 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Remodeling of culprit lesions was determined using the remodeling index (RI), calculated as the external elastic membrane area of the minimum lumen area (MLA) site divided by that of the proximal reference site. Positive remodeling was defined as RI >1.05, intermediate remodeling as 0.95≤ RI ≤1.05 and negative remodeling as RI <0.95. Among the 56 lesions, positive remodeling was detected in 24, intermediate remodeling in 16, and negative remodeling in 16. At MLA sites, positive remodeling lesions had a larger percentage of the fibrofatty component than negative remodeling lesions (22.5±10.3% vs 10.4±6.6%, p=0.0001), whereas the latter contained a larger percentage of the dense calcium component than the former (2.8±2.9% vs 8.4±7.0%, p=0.016). Conclusions Culprit plaques with positive remodeling have a large lipid burden, whereas those with negative remodeling contain a large amount of calcium. (Circ J 2007; 71: 654 - 660)
Relaxation studies on the interaction of hexamethonium with acetylcholine-receptor channels in Aplysia neurons.

1. The mode of action of the cholinergic antagonist hexamethonium on the excitatory responses of voltage-clampedAplysia neurons to acetylcholine (ACh) has been examined by voltage- and concentration-jump relaxation analysis. 2. At steady-state concentrations of ACh hyperpolarizing command steps induced inward current relaxations to a new steady-state level (Iss). The time constants of these inward relaxations, τf, which approximate the mean single-channel lifetime, were increased both by increasing the membrane potential and by lowering the bath temperature (Q10 = 3) but were not affected by increasing the ACh concentration over the dose range employed. 3. In the presence of hexamethonium hyperpolarizing command steps produced biphasic relaxations of the agonist-induced current. τf was reduced in a voltagedependent manner, the degree of reduction increasing with hyperpolarization. 4. Slow, inverse relaxations were also triggered in the presence of hexamethonium. The time constant of this relaxation was reduced by increasing membrane potential and hexamethonium concentration. 5. Both the estimated association (kf = 5 × 104M−1. sec−1) and the estimated dissociation (kb = 0.24–0.29 sec−1) rate constants derived from a three-state sequential model for block by hexamethonium were independent of the membrane potential. Similar rate constants were estimated from experiments with the concentration-jump technique, which were also independent of the membrane potential over the range - 50 to - 110 mV. 6. It is suggested that the voltage-dependent actions of hexamethonium may originate either from an alteration of the channel opening and closing rate constants through an allosteric interaction with the ACh receptor, rather than through an influence of the transmembrane electric field on the rate of drug binding, or through a fast reaction which is rate-limited by voltage-independent diffusion.
Prehistoric Settlement in Island Interiors: Evidence From California's Santa Cruz Island

ABSTRACTOn California's Channel Islands, a rich body of scholarship has emerged in which the focus has been marine resources and their roles in colonization and the development of complex societies. Although this orientation has been crucial to elucidating the cultural significance of the islands, the terrestrial dimensions of island occupation have been neglected by comparison. Our research on Santa Cruz Island, the largest of the Channel Islands, is an initial step in articulating the marine and terrestrial aspects of island subsistence and settlement off the California coast. Our study is based on the compilation of radiocarbon dates from 42 sites and excavation data from 17 of these. Commonalities in artifact and faunal constituents are evident among most interior sites, although there are significant differences relating to time period. The nature of interior settlement changed dramatically through time, shifting from what are interpreted as seasonal residential bases during the Middle Holocene to th...
Acute retinal necrosis presenting with hypopyon

A 37-year-old, healthy man presented with a red, painful eye and severe anterior uveitis. Results of an extensive evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of acute retinal necrosis, and the patient underwent a diagnostic vitrectomy. The inflammation resolved with intravenous and oral acyclovir therapy. Prompt diagnosis and treatment resulted in an excellent outcome. Severe anterior uveitis with hypopyon may uncommonly be the initial manifestation of acute retinal necrosis.
Temporal trends in incidence of primary brain tumors in the United States, 1985–1999

A number of reports have indicated an increasing incidence of primary brain tumors over the past few decades. The purpose of this study was to describe incidence rate trends in a population-based series of newly diagnosed primary nonmalignant and malignant brain and other CNS tumors, contributing five additional years to previously published incidence trends. Data for the years 1985 through 1999 from six collaborating state cancer registries of the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States were used to determine incidence trends in the broad age groups 0-19, 20-64, and >or=65 years, overall and for selected histologies. Multiplicative Poisson regression was used to express trends as average annual percent change (AAPC). Joinpoint regression was used to identify sharp changes in incidence occurring over this period. Overall, incidence increased modestly (AAPC, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.8-1.4). When brain lymphomas were excluded, this increase remained statistically significant. A sharp change in incidence of brain lymphomas from increasing to decreasing over time was identified. Specific histologies that were increasing included anaplastic astrocytomas in individuals aged >or=65 years, microscopically confirmed gliomas in both adult age groups, and microscopically confirmed glioma, not otherwise specified (NOS), in children. Increases that were not specific to any population subgroup were seen for oligodendrogliomas, ependymomas, meningiomas, and nerve sheath tumors. Decreases were noted for astrocytoma, NOS, nonmicroscopically confirmed gliomas, and pituitary tumors. Improvements in diagnosis and classification are likely reflected in the decreasing trends in unspecified glioma subgroups and the accompanying increasing trends in more specific glioma subgroups. However, increases in meningiomas and nerve sheath tumors deserve further attention.
Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases improves left ventricular function in mice lacking osteopontin after myocardial infarction

Osteopontin (OPN) plays an important role in left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) by promoting collagen synthesis and accumulation. This study tested the hypothesis that MMP inhibition modulates post-MI LV remodeling in mice lacking OPN. Wild-type (WT) and OPN knockout (KO) mice were treated daily with MMP inhibitor (PD166793, 30 mg/kg/day) starting 3 days post-MI. LV functional and structural remodeling was measured 14 days post-MI. Infarct size was similar in WT and KO groups with or without MMP inhibition. M-mode echocardiography showed greater increase in LV end-diastolic (LVEDD) and end-systolic diameters (LVESD) and decrease in percent fractional shortening (%FS) and ejection fraction in KO-MI versus WT-MI. MMP inhibition decreased LVEDD and LVESD, and increased %FS in both groups. Interestingly, the effect was more pronounced in KO-MI group versus WT-MI (P < 0.01). MMP inhibition significantly decreased post-MI LV dilation in KO-MI group as measured by Langendorff-perfusion analysis. MMP inhibition improved LV developed pressures in both MI groups. However, the improvement was significantly higher in KO-MI group versus WT-MI (P < 0.05). MMP inhibition increased heart weight-to-body weight ratio, myocyte cross-sectional area, fibrosis and septal wall thickness only in KO-MI. Percent apoptotic myocytes in the non-infarct area was not different between the treatment groups. Expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the non-infarct area was higher in KO-MI group 3 days post-MI. MMP inhibition reduced MMP-2 activity in KO-MI with no effect on the expression of TIMP-2 and TIMP-4 14 days post-MI. Thus, activation of MMPs contributes to reduced fibrosis and LV dysfunction in mice lacking OPN.
Level density and level-spacing distributions of random, self-adjoint, non-Hermitian matrices

We investigate the level density σ(x) and the level-spacing distribution p(s) of random matrices M = AF ≠ M{†}, where F is a (diagonal) inner product and A is a random, real, symmetric or complex, Hermitian matrix with independent entries drawn from a probability distribution q(x) with zero mean and finite higher moments. Although not Hermitian, the matrix M is self-adjoint with respect to F and thus has purely real eigenvalues. We find that the level density σ{F}(x) is independent of the underlying distribution q(x) and solely characterized by F, and therefore generalizes the Wigner semicircle distribution σ{W}(x). We find that the level-spacing distributions p(s) are independent of q(x), and are dependent upon both the inner product F and whether A is real or complex, and therefore generalize the Wigner surmise for level spacing. Our results suggest F-dependent generalizations of the well-known Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble and Gaussian Unitary Ensemble classes.
The evaluation of spin-density matrices within the graphically contracted function method.

An efficient algorithm is presented to compute spin-density matrices from wave functions expanded in a basis of graphically contracted functions (GCF). The GCFs are based on the graphical unitary group approach (GUGA), which is a 'spin-free' formulation of the electronic wave function. The spin-density matrix elements are computed from one-particle and two-particle charge-density matrix elements. The recursive algorithm allows the spin-density matrix to be computed with O(N{sub 2}{sup GCF}{omega}n{sup 2}) total effort where N{sub GCF} is the dimension of the GCF basis and n is the dimension of the orbital basis. The scale factor {omega} depends on the number of electrons N and ranges from O(N{sup 0}) to O(N{sup 2}) depending on the complexity of the underlying Shavitt graph. Because the 'spin-free' GCF formulation eliminates the need to expand the wave function in a spin-dependent Slater determinant basis, it is possible to treat wave functions with large numbers of electrons and orbitals. Timings are given for wave functions that correspond to determinantal expansions over 10{sup 200} in length. The implementation is applicable to arbitrary spin states and to both ground and excited electronic states.
An enzymic cleavage and phosphoryl transfer reaction involving monothiolphosphate

Abstract An extract of Escherichia coli grown on succinate contains at least two enzymes which utilize monothiolphosphate in phosphoryl transfer reactions. One enzyme catalyzes a phosphoryl transfer to water, forming orthophosphate, and the other catalyzes a phosphoryl transfer to various hexoses, forming hexose phosphates. The two activities are differentiated by a difference in their pH optima, their fluoride sensitivity, and their stability.
Persistent daily new particle formation at a mountain-top location

Frequent new particle formation (NPF) has been observed regularly at Storm Peak Laboratory, a high elevation mountain-top observatory in Colorado. These events occurred during 52% of the 474 measurement days from 2001 to 2009, consistently during the mid-afternoon throughout the spring, summer and winter months. Average growth rates, condensation sinks, and formation rates are presented. The strongest correlation factor with NPF is ultraviolet radiation. The events are not related to increased ozone concentration or pre-existing aerosol surface area, implying that nucleation can occur anywhere in the free troposphere.
Implementing robust workflow management in Erlang

Workflow management systems are software systems that model and execute the logic of business processes. There are many approaches for modelling process workflows and many systems or ‘engines’ for executing such models. One goal of workflow design is robustness , which, in general, means resistance to software or hardware errors, and the ability to recover the execution of the workflow process from such errors, in a graceful manner. In this paper, we propose an architecture and implementation for robust workflow management systems, using the Erlang language. We first show how common workflow design patterns such as sequence , split and join can be implemented in Erlang, and then how robustness supporting mechanisms such as workflow monitors can be added. We illustrate the approach by showing how a business workflow described in Business Process Model and Notation BPMN can be implemented according to the above approach, and demonstrate its failure handling capabilities.
Mixed Chloride/Phosphine Complexes of the Dirhenium Core. 5. Reduction or Disproportionation at the Re26+ Unit in Reactions with Tertiary Phosphines in Different Solvents

For reactions of the octachlorodirhenium anion, [Re2Cl8]2-, with tertiary phosphines PEt3 and PPrn3, the influence of solvent on the reaction pathway has been studied. It has been shown that in 1-p...
Robust Optimization for Power Systems Capacity Expansion under Uncertainty

We develop a robust optimization model for planning power system capacity expansion in the face of uncertain power demand. The model generates capacity expansion plans that are both solution and model robust. That is, the optimal solution from the model is ‘almost’ optimal for any realization of the demand scenarios (i.e. solution robustness). Furthermore, the optimal solution has reduced excess capacity for any realization of the scenarios (i.e. model robustness). Experience with a characteristic test problem illustrates not only the unavoidable trade-offs between solution and model robustness, but also the effectiveness of the model in controlling the sensitivity of its solution to the uncertain input data. The experiments also illustrate the differences of robust optimization from the classical stochastic programming formulation.
Mechanistic studies on the Shilov system: A retrospective

Following a brief account of our personal encounters with Alex Shilov, we summarize our 20+ years work on the mechanism of the Shilov system and related C–H activation chemistry.
Interaction structures formed in the psychodynamic therapy of five patients with borderline personality disorder in crisis.

Objectives To identify interaction structures (i.e., patterns of reciprocal interaction) that characterize the treatments of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) in crisis. Design A 6-month naturalistic psychotherapy process and outcome study in which interaction structures were correlated with outcome data. Methods Five BPD patients in crisis participated in 6 months of three-times-per-week psychodynamic therapy. Patients completed a measure of psychological distress every week. One hundred and twenty-seven sessions were audiotaped and coded using the Psychotherapy Process Q-Set. Results Four interaction structures were identified: (1) collaborative relationship with supportive, reassuring therapist (IS1), (2) therapist empathic attunement (IS2), (3) erotized therapeutic relationship (IS3) and (4) directive therapist with compliant patient (IS4). The magnitude of these four interaction structures varied within and between the five therapist–patient dyads over time. Interaction structures correlations with time were inversely proportional to interaction structures correlations with distress levels. IS2 was correlated with two different outcomes in patient 3's and patient 5's treatments – a positive outcome for patient 3's treatment and a negative outcome for patient 5's treatment. Conclusions An effective treatment model for BPD patients in crisis needs to promote the emergence of empathically attuned interactions as well as supportive and directive interventions as dictated by the patient's individual needs. These treatments require flexibility to accommodate the patient's unique presentation in crisis. The therapeutic dyad senses which interaction structures to increase or decrease over time to reduce the patient's distress. Practitioner Points Unique constellations of four different interaction structures characterized the treatments of five BPD patients in crisis, which provide practitioners with a finite range of expectations in their therapeutic interactions with such patients. Practitioners need to implement intervention strategies with BPD patients in crisis tailored to the unique characteristics of each patient rather than strategies designed for all patients. Being empathic attuned, supportive or directive in treatment with BPD patients in crisis depends on the nature of the therapeutic dyad at any given moment in time. Practitioners need to be flexible enough to change intervention strategies when they seem to be increasing distress in BPD patients in crisis.
Pb (II) sorption with calcite: A radiotracer study

A 210Pb radiotracer was used to monitor Pb solid-aqueousphase partitioning in sorption experiments at ambient temperature, pH = 8.2, and atmospheric PCO2 in 0.15 M NaNO3 solutions. A 24 h isotherm is linear up to Pb concentrations of 4 × 10-6 M, above which an increase in slope suggests precipitation. The effect of Pb concentration, calcite loading, and ionic strength on Pb sorption with time was monitored. Sorption kinetics are rapid, followed by a slower sorption step.At a constant calcite loading500 mg L-1,fractional sorptiondecreases with increasing initialPb concentration. The reverse isobserved for surface coverage, with0.6, 5.6 and 40.2% of availableCa2+sites occupied at10-8,10-7 and10-6 MPb after 96 h. At a constant Pb concentration of10-6 M,fractional sorption increases with increasing particleloading, however surface coverage decrease with72.5 and 22.1%Ca2+sites occupied at 100 and200 mg L-1calcite after 96 h.The adsorption coefficient (Kd) is approximately 103,increases with initial Pb concentration, but remains unaffected by variable calcite loading. Absence of an ionic strength effect on Pb sorption is interpreted as the dominance of inner-sphere complexation. For desorption experiments conducted over a range of initial sorption times, an average desorption index > 0.8 but < 1 indicates that sorption is largely reversible, but is accompanied by slight incorporation. Solid-solution formation increases with time, as observed by slower initial desorption rates for samples with longer sorption times. These findings indicate that Pb may be effectively sequestered by calcite; however re-release via desorption is likely as Pb does not become significantly incorporated into the mineral structure.
Breakfast with Jared

It's a cloudy day in May, and I am visiting Jared Diamond in his neo-Georgian house near UCLA. The kitchen table is laden with golden raspberries, jewel-like tomatoes, Greek yogurt, and honeyed halvah. For a moment, I miss the rabbit (now deceased) that once lived in a hutch at the end of the room. But the tiny grief passes quickly. Far more engrossing is the man before me: a scholar and friend I have known for 20 plus years. On this morning, our meeting is social; I don't recall the conversation. What I do recall is Jared's delight upon spying a FedEx envelope at his front door as we are saying goodbye. “Aah!” he cries, “the jacket for the American edition!” That's when he, his wife Marie, and I first view its grave fonts and black-and-white photo of a New Guinea highlander and naked child against a moody, mountainous backdrop. The work's evocative title? “The World Until Yesterday—What Can We Learn from Traditional Societies?” Another book he was born to write, I think to myself.
Transapical closure of mitral paravalvular leak over a surgically constructed mitral annulus.

Paravalvular leakage (PVL) after mitral valve replacement surgery is a rare but serious complication occurring in approximately 5% of cases. Although many patients remain asymptomatic, those that develop heart failure, arrhythmias, endocarditis or severe hemolysis conventionally undergo surgical repair or replacement despite the higher morbidity and mortality with reoperation. Transcatheter techniques introduced in 1992 have proven to be a safe alternative to surgery, especially in high-risk patients with only a 1–2% risk of emergent surgery or death, with technical success rates ranging from 63 to 100% and clinical success rates ranging from 54 to 100% [1,2]. We report the first transapical PVL closure of a surgically constructed mitral annulus in a high-risk patient with an Amplatzer muscular ventricular septal defect (mVSD) closure device (AGA Medical Corporation; Plymouth, MN). A 56-year-oldmanhad an elective aorto-coronary bypass (LIMA-LAD, SVG-PDA, sequential SVG-OM1 and OM2) and mitral annuloplasty ring for severe mitral regurgitation in September 2006. In October 2006, he developed severe mitral PVL due to dehiscence of the annuloplasty ring with resultant hemolytic anemia. During surgery, the dehiscence of the annuloplasty ring was deemed to be unrepairable and a CarboMedics 33 mm mechanical valve with pledgetted sutures was placed in the mitral annulus. In November 2006, the patientwas readmitted for severe mitral PVL. During surgery, the valve was excised and due to insufficient tissue to hold the valve in the mitral annulus, a new annulus was surgically constructed and a CarboMedics 31 mm mechanical valve was implanted. In May 2007, he presented again with mitral PVL and hemolysis for which the patient underwent right thoracotomy, fibrillatory arrest and suture repair of two areas of mitral PVLs with pledgetted sutures. InNovember 2012, the patientwas admitted forheart failure and a three-dimensional TEE showed a severe mitral PVL due to large dehiscence from 9 to 12 o'clock in the left atrial view and no other leaks (Fig. 1). Since the mitral prosthesis was functioning well and the patient refused redo-surgery (logistic EuroSCORE—18.27%), we opted for the percutaneous PVL closure. The trans-septal approach was deemed to be
Using 3D scene structure to improve tracking

In this work we consider the problem of tracking objects from a moving airborne platform in wide area surveillance through long occlusions and/or when their motion is unpredictable. The main idea is to take advantage of the known 3D scene structure to estimate a dynamic occlusion map, and to use the occlusion map to determine traffic entry and exit into these zones, which we call sources and sinks. Then the track linking problem is formulated as an alignment of sequences of tracks entering a sink and leaving a source. The sequence alignment problem is solved optimally and efficiently using dynamic programming. We have evaluated our algorithm on a vehicle tracking task in wide area motion imagery and have shown that track fragmentation is significantly decreased and outperforms the Hungarian algorithm.
A comment on survival of the hippest: life at the top of the hot 100

Giles (2007) analysed the survival characteristics of musical recordings that reached ‘number one hit’ spot in the US popular music charts over the period 1955 to 2003. From the empirical analyses of data from the Billboard Hot 100 chart, he concluded that a number one hit's ‘life at the top’ is enhanced significantly if it is recorded by a female solo artist, if it is an instrumental piece or if it is able to ‘bounce back’ for a second spell. We found that, however, the data set he used contains a number of errors in it. In this article, we have corrected such errors and obtained the more reliable results about the survival characteristics of number one hit songs. In addition to these corrections, we have asked five new different questions to the corrected data set to investigate if there are any other survival characteristics that Giles (2007) did not indicate in his article.
Particle back-transport and permeate flux behavior in crossflow membrane filters

Particle residence time distributions in a membrane channel are interpreted to elucidate mechanisms of particle transport and colloidal fouling in membrane filtration. A comparison of particle size distributions in the membrane feed suspensions and deposited cakes provides evidence for selective particle transport and accumulation on membranes. These data support a previously hypothesized minimum in particle back-transport from the membrane as a function of particle size. The back-transport of smaller particles is apparently due to Brownian diffusion, while larger macrocolloids are controlled by an orthokinetic mechanism such as shear-induced diffusion. In all cases, cake specific resistances measured in the dead-end mode were higher than those of the corresponding feed suspensions. Also, cake specific resistances measured under a crossflow were higher than those in the dead-end mode. Further, the specific resistance of particle deposits on membranes increased with shear rate and decreased as the initial ...
Automated detection of intercellular signaling in astrocyte networks using the converging squares algorithm

Intercellular calcium waves in central nervous system astrocyte networks underline the principle mechanism of cell signaling in astrocyte syncsytiums, which putatively contribute to the modulation of neuronal signaling and metabolic regulation. In support of carrying out systems level analyses of astrocyte networks, we have optimized and validated the converging squares image segmentation algorithm to automatically detect the relative spatial locations of all cells in a visible network as a preliminary step towards analyzing the dynamics of astrocyte intracellular calcium transients, which are the signals that mediate intercellular calcium waves. We used the temporal derivatives of pixel intensities as the data source for the algorithm. The method works by converging progressively smaller squares until the signal peak is reached. It is robust to noise and performs comparably to manual cell signal identification, but is much faster and efficient. This is the first reported application of this algorithm to glial networks that we are aware of.
Combined radiotherapy and hydroxyurea in the management of lung cancer

In July 1969, a clinical trial was instituted at the Wayne State University School of Medicine to determine the effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, individually or in combination, on lung cancer. During the first three years of the study, 234 patients were registered, and of these, 53 underwent curative resection. One hundred and eleven of the remaining patients were inoperable and were suitable for inclusion in the study. The patients were randomly assigned to four groups: 1) Observation only, 2) Chemotherapy only, 3) Radiotherapy only, or 4) Combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The drug used was hydroxyurea and the radiotherapy technique was based on the histological type of tumour. There were no striking differences in survival in any of the treated groups.
A Study on Differentiated Service Queuing Scheme with an Overflow Buffer Allocation Within a UMTS Core Network

According to the QoS features of the four types of UMTS traffic, this study proposes a priority-based queuing scheme to support differentiated services among all UMTS traffic; it bases on packet transmission priorities of four types of UMTS traffic to handle packets forwarding in a gateway within a UMTS core network. In the proposed queuing scheme, a static dedicated logical queuing buffer allocation and a dynamic overflow buffer allocation are used to support packet enqueuing/dequeuing jobs. In this study, the ns2 network simulator is used as a simulation platform and different categories of simulation scenarios are executed. Moreover, the IETF DiffServ scheme is used as a comparison to understand the packet forwarding performance of the proposed scheme. By analyzing simulation data, two important points can be drawn. The proposed queuing scheme supports a differentiated packet forwarding behavior among four types of UMTS traffic. And, the differentiated packet forwarding behaviors with the proposed queuing scheme are similar to the packet forwarding behavior with the IETF DiffServ scheme.
Use of 3D imaging in CT of the acute trauma patient: impact of a PACS-based software package.

To evaluate the impact of a picture archiving and communication systems (PACS)–based software package on the requests for 3D reconstructions of multidetector CT (MDCT) data sets in the emergency radiology of a level 1 trauma center, we reviewed the number and type of physician requests for 3D reconstructions of MDCT data sets for patients admitted after sustaining multiple trauma, during a 12-month period (January 2003–December 2003). During the first 5 months of the study, 3D reconstructions were performed in dedicated workstations located separately from the emergency radiology CT interpretation area. During the last 7 months of the study, reconstructions were performed online by the attending radiologist or resident on duty, using a software package directly incorporated into the PACS workstations. The mean monthly number of 3D reconstructions requested during the two time periods was compared using Student’s t test. The monthly mean ± SD of 3D reconstructions performed before and after 3D software incorporation into the PACS was 34±7 (95% CI, 10–58) and 132±31 (95% CI, 111–153), respectively. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001). In the multiple trauma patient, implementation of PACS-integrated software increases utilization of 3D reconstructions of MDCT data sets.
Solitary-wave solution for a complex one-dimensional field

Abstract We present a solitary-wave solution to certain coupled equations of motion for a complex scalar field in one space and one time dimension. The solution exhibits interesting crossover behavior from the “u4” kink to the sine-Gordon soliton as an anisotropy parameter is decreased.
SOME PROPERTIES OF GLAZE SLIPS1

Data are presented for a fritted glaze and a raw porcelain glaze giving the relation The influence of grinding between viscosity and specific gravity and Ph of glaze slip. The influence of grinding on the properties of the slip and of the fired glaze is also discussed.
Dispersion of alkali on the surface of Co-MoS2/clay catalyst: a comparison of K and Cs as a promoter for synthesis of alcohol

Abstract The surface of alkali (K, Cs) promoted Co-MoS 2 /clay catalysts were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The surface enrichment of K and Cs on the surface of catalysts increased with syngas exposure. XPS suggests that syngas treatment slightly shifted the K 2p lines of K-promoted catalyst (K 2p 3/2 =292.9 and 2p 1/2 =295.7 eV) to a higher binding energy (BE) (K 2p 3/2 =293.2 and 2p 1/2 =296 eV), and for Cs-promoted catalyst, the Cs 3d 5/2 (724.6 eV) and Cs 3d 3/2 (738.7 eV) were shifted slightly to a higher binding energy (0.2 eV). Co 9 S 8 was formed during syngas exposure of Cs-promoted catalyst, but it was not formed during syngas exposure of the K-promoted catalyst. XPS, SEM and EDS analysis indicated that potassium and cesium distributions on the fresh catalysts were not uniform when a mortar and pestle was used to mix the active chemicals. The formation of Co 9 S 8 on the surface of Cs-promoted Co-MoS 2 /clay catalyst may result in a reduction of Co-Mo-S surface area and its activity toward alcohol production. The highest ethanol production rate (129 g/kg cat h −1 ) was achieved for K-promoted Co-MoS 2 /clay catalyst at 300 °C and 2000 psig for gas hour space velocity (GHSV=2000 h −1 ). The total alcohol synthesis (AS) production rate increased upon increasing the reaction temperature, however, the total alcohol selectivity was decreased.
YEAST TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATOR LEU3P : SELF-MASKING, SPECIFICITY OF MASKING, AND EVIDENCE FOR REGULATION BY THE INTRACELLULAR LEVEL OF LEU3P

Recent work suggests that the masking of the activation domain (AD) of yeast transactivator Leu3p, observed in the absence of the metabolic signal alpha-isopropylmalate, is an intramolecular event. Much of the evidence came from the construction and analysis of a mutant form of Leu3p (Leu3-dd) whose AD is permanently masked (Wang, D., Hu, Y., Zheng, F., Zhou, K., and Kohlhaw, G. B. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 19383-19392). In a modified two-hybrid experiment, the ADs of both wild type Leu3p and Leu3-dd were shown to interact with the remainder of the Leu3 protein, in an alpha-isopropylmalate-dependent manner. The finding that masking and unmasking proceed apparently normally when full-length Leu3p is expressed in mammalian cells is also consistent with the notion of intramolecular masking. Here we report on the identification of nine missense mutations (all of them suppressors of the Leu3-dd phenotype) that cause permanent unmasking of Leu3p. The nine mutations map to three short segments located within a 140-residue-long region of the C-terminal part of the middle region of Leu3p. These segments may be part of a spatial trap for the AD. We also performed "domain swaps" between Leu3p and Cha4p, a serine/threonine-responsive activator that, like Leu3p, belongs to the family of Zn(II)2Cys6 proteins. We show that AD masking and response to the appropriate metabolic signal only occur when a given AD remains attached to its own middle region; middle region swapping results in constitutively active proteins. Finally, we show that the extent to which Leu3p regulates reporter gene expression depends on the intracellular concentration of Leu3p. The possible physiological significance of this observation is discussed in light of the known regulation of Leu3p by Gcn4p.