cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
‘Of Boundaries Traversed’: Deconstructing Ethnonationalist Identity and Ethnic Spaces in Northern Ireland

To cogently advance my arguments about ethnonationalism and ethnic spaces in Northern Ireland, my paper will be divided into four sections. The first will be a contextualizing one, providing a historical framework within which the dynamics of Northern Ireland can be better understood. Second, I will address my theoretical assumptions, examining the effects (and effectiveness) of partition, as well as the role of ideology in the entrenchment of ethnonationalism. Third, I will turn to more thorough analysis, relying on my historical and theoretical foundation to expound the long tradition of violence that plagued the Ulster counties during the Troubles. And, lastly, I offer a series of suggestions that might improve conditions and relations in Northern Ireland. In short, the paper intends to analyze the influences of ethnonationalism and ideology on identities and ethnic spaces in Northern Ireland, with the crucial purpose of advancing a reconsideration and deconstruction of the country’s binaristic terms. By the end, I hope to have offered a sufficiently comprehensive examination of the conflict – one that integrates various disciplines and relates the Troubles of Northern Ireland in properly complex fashion.
Improved polling strategies for efficient flow control for buffer reduction in PON/xDSL hybrid access networks

Hybrid PON/xDSL access networks offer a cost effective alternative to passive optical networks (PONs). However, the drop-point device that bridges the fiber and copper portions of this network requires a power source potentially limiting where it can be deployed. To lift deployment restrictions, remote powering from a subscriber's power source can be utilized but available power will be limited. We explore polling strategies that provide flow control to limit the amount of buffering that occurs at the drop point device. The objective is to enable the use of a small memory capacity at the drop-point to reduce its energy consumption.
Nuclear DNA damage signalling to mitochondria in ageing

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of ageing, and mitochondrial maintenance may lead to increased healthspan. Emerging evidence suggests a crucial role for signalling from the nucleus to mitochondria (NM signalling) in regulating mitochondrial function and ageing. An important initiator of NM signalling is nuclear DNA damage, which accumulates with age and may contribute to the development of age-associated diseases. DNA damage-dependent NM signalling constitutes a network that includes nuclear sirtuins and controls genomic stability and mitochondrial integrity. Pharmacological modulation of NM signalling is a promising novel approach for the prevention and treatment of age-associated diseases.
The Parts and Their Whole: Conceptualizing a Planning Strategy for Restoration at Thomas Jefferson’s Academical Village

The traditional core of the University of Virginia campus, created by Thomas Jefferson in the early nineteenth century, affords an instructive case study in how restoration of its physical fabric can continue to be a viable treatment, lending new insight on its designer’s intent, while also allowing changes to the complex that have been made over time to remain and enhance its overall historical richness. This both-and planning strategy emphasizes the overarching importance of Jefferson’s scheme, but avoids the constraints of a museum piece or, worse, the lapsing into a themed cliche. The lessons learned with this project carry important implications of the treatment of historic districts that possess transcendent core physical attributes, yet also have other, minor qualities that contribute to the significance of the whole by virtue of their differences.
Iron(III)-templated macrolactonization of trihydroxamate siderophores.

A method was developed to synthesize macrocyclic trihydroxamate siderophores using optimized Yamaguchi macrolactonization conditions. The natural ability of siderophores to bind iron(III) was exploited to template the reactions and allowed for rapid reaction rates, high product conversions, and the formation of large macrolactone rings up to 35 atoms. An X-ray structure of a 33-membered macrolactone siderophore–Fe(III) complex is presented.
The process of prediction as a function of the correlation between two scaled variables

College undergraduates were shown pairs of imperfectly correlated values, X and Y, then shown X alone and required to predict Y. Prediction behavior resembled matching much more than optimizing, and suggests that making predictions on the basis of a single fallible cue is a very difficult task for untrained Ss.
The Dark Side of Job Fit: A Three-Country Study of the Fit‒Risk Taking Propensity Relationship

Past research examining associations between person-environment fit and work-related outcomes has consistently promoted "the bright side" of fit at work. Our study extends this research stream by u...
A Generic Wet Impregnation Method for Preparing Substrate-Supported Platinum Group Metal and Alloy Nanoparticles with Controlled Particle Morphology.

Mass production of shape-controlled platinum group metal (PGM) and alloy nanoparticles is of high importance for their many fascinating properties in catalysis, electronics, and photonics. Despite of successful demonstrations at milligram scale using wet chemistry syntheses in many fundamental studies, there is still a big gap between the current methods and their real applications due to the complex synthetic procedures, scale-up difficulty, and surface contamination problem of the made particles. Here we report a generic wet impregnation method for facile, surfactant-free, and scalable preparation of nanoparticles of PGMs and their alloys on different substrate materials with controlled particle morphology and clean surface, which bridges the outstanding properties of these nanoparticles to practical important applications. The underlying particle growth and shape formation mechanisms were investigated using a combination of ex situ and in situ characterizations and were attributed to their different in...
Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis Developing in Conjunction with Gorlin Syndrome.

To the Editor: Gorlin syndrome, also known as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, is a rare multisystemic genodermatosis classically characterized by the development of numerous basal cell carcinomas (BCC)1,2,3. Gorlin syndrome is caused by germline inactivating mutations in the patched ( PTCH ) gene, resulting in constitutively active hedgehog signaling1,2. The hedgehog signaling pathway is important in the regulation of stem cell and progenitor cell proliferation, the maintenance and regeneration of adult tissues, and finally in carcinogenesis, including the development of sporadic BCC2,4. Vismodegib, an oral inhibitor of hedgehog signaling, has demonstrated efficacy in Gorlin syndrome, as well as in patients with locally advanced or metastatic BCC2,4. Recently, dysregulated hedgehog signaling has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Hedgehog signaling is highly active in the synovium of patients with RA in vivo , as well as in cultured fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from patients in vitro 5,6. In a mechanistically similar fashion to the malignant keratinocytes within … Address correspondence to Dr. J.F. Scott, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA. E-mail: jeffrey.scott{at}uhhospitals.org
Multi-Photon Materials, Techniques and Applications

Summary form only given. Since the advent of lasers, multi-photon processes have attracted the attentions and interests from a great number of physicists, chemists, and electronic engineers. Particularly, in the past 10-15 years, the studies of various multi-photon active materials have progressed much faster than before, mainly promoted by the tremendous potentials and prospects of their applications. For this reason, this review is mainly to summarize and evaluate the achievements of multi-photon related studies within the recent 10-1 5 years, and to focus on the following three major issues: (i) the design and synthesis of novel organic multi-photon active materials (from small organic chromophores, to dendrimers, and polymers), (ii) the nonlinear optical characterization of these novel materials, and (iii) multi-photon-technique based applications of these materials.
Hybrid particle image velocimetry with the combination of cross-correlation and optical flow method

Through a combination of cross-correlation and optical flow method (OFM), a novel technique can benefit from the strengths of each method while mitigating the flaws each individual method contains. The hybrid Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) method utilizes the state-of-the-art cross-correlation method to account for the relatively large displacements of particles and refine the flow field using the high-resolution analysis of OFM. Image processing techniques such as interpolation, image shifting, and Gaussian filtering are crucial for integrating the cross-correlation technique with optical flow analysis. The accuracy of the hybrid PIV method was validated using standard simulated PIV images that encompassed various parameters encountered in PIV measurements. Each set of images was analyzed by the hybrid method and three other widely used correlation techniques to verify the accuracy. Results confirmed that the hybrid method is consistently more accurate than the other methods in generating the flow vectors, especially near the boundaries. Additionally, for cases dealing with large-sized particles or small displacements, the hybrid PIV method also attains more accurate results.
Studies in phlebosclerosis: VI. The immunity from phlebosclerosis in the coronary vein

Abstract Previous studies have demonstrated that phlebosclerosis follows prolonged venous hypertension secondary to congestive failure. Thus far this has been shown in the hepatic veins, the portal vein, the inferior vena cava, the pulmonary veins and the splenic vein. The coronary vein has a remarkable immunity in this respect, even in cases of unusually prolonged congestive failure. This is explained by a free anastomoses between the coronary and the Thebesian veins aided by the usual incompetence of the Thebesian valve in the coronary sinus. The pressure within the coronary vein cannot, therefore, attain a sufficient height to produce phlebosclerosis. This immunity offers a cogent support to the causative relation between intravascular pressure and phlebosclerosis and indirectly throws light on its counterpart, arteriosclerosis.
AC Microgrid Control Using Adaptive Synchronous Reference Frame PLL

This paper presents AC microgrid operation in grid connected and islanded mode. Accurate detection of distributed energy resources (DERs) islanding from utility grid is necessary to initiate any control action within the microgrid. In order to detect islanding occurrence, an adaptive synchronous reference frame phase locked loop (ASRF-PLL) has been utilized in this paper. This modified PLL provides stable operation in grid connected and islanded mode and maintains frequency to its nominal value. Furthermore, droop control for frequency and voltage amplitude restoration under different islanding scenarios has been discussed. Islanding operations studied in this paper are independent synchronous generator (SG), parallel inverters feeding the local loads, and hybrid islanding including both SG and inverter based DERs. Simulation results are presented for aforementioned islanding scenarios which validate the effectiveness of proposed islanding detection algorithm and control techniques to keep voltage amplitude and frequency within prescribed limits.
Pediatric Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) With Spinal Cord Involvement Due to Pheochromocytoma.

Abstract Introduction Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is most commonly caused by systemic hypertension or drug effects. However other, less common etiologies exist, so a thoughtful evaluation is indicated in any patient. Patient Description A 12-year-old boy presented with subacute headache, blurred vision, vomiting and right paresthesias. He was hypertensive with MRI evidence of PRES involving the brain parenchyma and spinal cord. MRI of the thoracic spine also revealed a mass on the upper pole of the right kidney. Pathology of the tumor revealed a pheochromocytoma. Repeat neural axis imaging showed complete resolution of abnormalities after surgical resection of the tumor and blood pressure normalization. Conclusions This patient highlights a unique distribution and etiology for PRES . Not only did he have typical parenchymal PRES lesions of the brain but also abnormal signal throughout the spinal cord, which has not before been described. This is the first case of pediatric PRES with spinal cord involvement secondary to a pheochromocytoma.
21-gene recurrence assay in patients receiving intraoperative radiotherapy: are "favorable" characteristics a surrogate for low recurrence?

Background: Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) has gained momentum for early stage and favorable breast cancers (BC). The 21-gene recurrence assay guides treatment of hormone positive and node-negative BC. Methods: Analysis of 82 invasive BC treated with breast conservation surgery (BCS) and IORT 2013–2015. Data collection included patient demographics, tumor characteristics, nodal status, recurrence test (RS) and adjuvant therapy. Results: The mean age was 68. Tumors were stage Ia (86.6%), 3.6% Ib and 9.8% IIa. Of 50 patients (61.0%) with RS testing, 72% (n=36) were low risk (RS 0–17), with 28% (n=14) at intermediate risk (RS 18–30). The 39% (n=32) of patients without RS testing, were more likely to have smaller tumors (1.3 vs. 0.9 cm) and age >70 (P Conclusions: Most patients selected for IORT based on clinical features were indeed low risk based on RS. Given the limited long-term clinical outcome and safety data of this technique, additional investigation is needed.
From ‘automation’ to ‘autonomy’: the importance of trust repair in human–machine interaction

Modern interactions with technology are increasingly moving away from simple human use of computers as tools to the establishment of human relationships with autonomous entities that carry out acti...
Analytical Approaches to Operating Room Management

In recent decades, healthcare has become increasingly expensive, creating pressure on healthcare providers to cut costs while maintaining or improving quality. Operations research can play an important role in supporting such efforts. A key challenge faced by hospital planners is scheduling and management of operating rooms, as operating rooms typically provide highly specialized care, require significant resources, and contribute significantly to a hospital’s bottom line. We describe recent work on hospital operating room management at Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford. We describe preliminary outcomes of three projects aimed at improving the efficiency of the hospital’s operating rooms: machine learning to improve surgical case length estimation; queuing analysis to improve operational efficiency; and integer programming to schedule cases to reduce surgical delays.
Sacrificial victim: taking the nation apart in Thomas Vinterberg’s The Hunt

Thomas Vinterberg’s The Hunt (2012) transforms a homogeneous rural community in Denmark into a violent space where Lucas, an innocent man wrongly accused of indecent exposure, suffers physical viol...
PPARs and Their Emerging Role in Vascular Biology, Inflammation, and Atherosclerosis

For many years, advances in understanding steroid hormone action typically proceeded through sequential stages that involved first identifying the role of a putative hormone, then isolating it, often from large quantities of body fluid, and ultimately identifying the nuclear receptor through which the cellular effects were being achieved (1). More recently, this stepwise progression has been reversed by modern molecular biology techniques allowing rapid identification of many genes as encoding nuclear receptors based on structural motifs even without any information regarding the functional role of these so called orphan receptors. This process has been termed “reverse endocrinology” (1). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) were examples of such orphan receptors, although their status changed through the serendipitous discovery of synthetic ligands that could bind to PPARs (2). The fact that these synthetic agonists are now in clinical use for treating diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipidemia has helped draw attention to this nuclear receptor subfamily and its potential as a therapeutic target (3). The identification of a possible role for PPARs in inflammation and atherosclerosis has only heightened this interest (4).
Cardiac Arrhythmias: Syncope and Stroke

Cardiac arrhythmias are an important cause of neurologic symptoms. Bradyarrhythmias and tachyarrhythmias, by disrupting blood flow to the brain and causing cerebral hypoxia, can lead to loss of consciousness (and ultimately to cerebral necrosis or death). Thus cardiac arrhythmias must be considered as a potential cause in any patient presenting with syncope. For syncopal patients in whom the substrate for reentrant ventricular arrhythmias is found (that is, patients with ventricular dysfunction), management must be extremely aggressive because their near-term risk for sudden death is high, and conservative therapy is ineffective. Embolic stroke is a common result of atrial fibrillation. Several randomized trials now indicate that anticoagulation with low-dose warfarin is necessary, whenever possible, in patients with atrial fibrillation even in the absence of underlying valvular heart disease. Ongoing studies are evaluating the efficacy of aspirin in preventing embolic events.
Eddy-Current Imaging for Defect Characterization

This paper describes progress in eddy-current methods to identify and size defects. An eddy-current imaging method is used to generate data for analysis of small defects. Characterization of the defect is derived from this information and the validity of the derivation is determined by study of artificial and natural defects. Initial results have a theoretical foundation but more advanced analysis is needed.
Interaction of DNA Accessory Proteins with DNA Polymerase β of the Novikoff Hepatoma

Replication and repair require the concerted action of a DNA polymerase with several accessory proteins. In prokaryotes the interaction of such proteins in replication has been well documented (1). With DNA repair, less is known, although with the recent progress of the uvr system of Escherichia coli we can anticipate a better understanding of excision-repair in bacteria (2). In eukaryotes there is a wealth of information on polymerases, but little progress has been made with mechanistic studies of accessory proteins for replication or repair.
Explosion Source Models

Explosive detonations produce shocked transients with highly nonlinear pressure signatures in the near field. This chapter presents the properties and defining characteristics of a suite of theoretical source pressure functions representative of detonations and deflagrations, and constructs criteria for defining reference blast pulses. Both the primary positive overpressure and the negative underpressure phases contribute to the temporal and spectral features of a blast pulse.
Dielectric and Mechanical Behavior of Thermally Aged EPR/CPE Cable Materials

Power and instrumentation cables play a crucial role in the safe operation of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). Thermal and other stressors present in the reactor environment cause the cable materials to degrade. In this work, dielectric and mechanical properties of cable insulation and jacket materials are studied as they are thermally aged, supporting development of non-destructive evaluation sensors for monitoring cable aging. Materials selected for this study are found in certain types of single-core unshielded power cables. These utilize ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)-based insulation material and chlorinated polyethylene (CPE)-based jacket material. Flat mats of these materials were obtained from the cable manufacturer and thermally aged at 140 °C in an air-circulating oven. Elongation-at-break was measured on tensile specimens stamped from the aged mats, and dielectric properties were measured from 100 Hz to 100 kHz using a parallel plate capacitor and precision LCR meter. In the case of aged EPR-based materials, rapid decrease in elongation at break indicating end of useful life was accompanied by a significant increase in dissipation factor, D, measured at 100 kHz. Capacitive measurement of D shows promise, therefore, as a non-destructive indicator of corresponding mechanical property changes in thermally-aged EPR-based insulation materials.
Impact of diabetes on clinical periodontal outcomes following non-surgical periodontal therapy

Aim This systematic review aimed to evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcomes of non-surgical periodontal therapy. Materials and methods Searches were conducted in electronic databases to screen studies published from January 1960 to August 2018. The included studies had at least two groups of patients: chronic periodontitis only (P) or both diabetes and chronic periodontitis (DMP). Outcomes of interest included the difference between the two groups in probing depth (PD) reduction and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain following non-surgical periodontal therapy. Meta-regression was conducted to evaluate the correlation between the outcomes of interest and contributing factors. Results A total of 12 studies with a follow-up period up to 6 months were included. There was no significant difference in PD reduction (p = 0.55) or CAL gain (p = 0.65) between the two groups. A positive association between PD reduction and baseline PD difference (p = 0.03), and a negative association between PD reduction and age (p = 0.04) were found. The level of HbA1c at baseline did not significantly affect the difference in PD reduction (p = 0.39) or CAL gain (p = 0.44) between two groups. Conclusions Recognizing the study's limitations, we conclude that diabetes mellitus (HbA1c ≤ 8.5%) does not appear to significantly affect short-term clinical periodontal outcomes of non-surgical periodontal treatment.
Gratitude reception and physical health: Examining the mediating role of satisfaction with patient care in a sample of acute care nurses

ABSTRACTLiterature examining well-being benefits of gratitude experiences is currently thriving in psychological science. However, evidence of the physical health benefits of gratitude remains limi...
Practice Summary: Managing Capacity at the University of Mary Washington’s College of Business

To manage growth as the university approaches capacity, the author modeled the problem as a multiobjective max-flow system with pooled resources and developed a spreadsheet model to determine the o...
Do patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (AS NSCLC) live longer if managed within a clinical trial setting?

6034 Background: Treatment outcomes of AS NSCLC (stages IIIB and IV) are poor. There is an argument that participation in a clinical trial (CT) may confer survival benefit, probably, through enhanc...
Community health advisors assessing adherence to national cancer screening guidelines among African Americans in South Los Angeles.

We partnered with African American churches in South Los Angeles (LA) and trained Community Health Advisors (CHAs) to assess cancer screening. The purpose of this analysis is to report adherence to national cancer screening guidelines among African Americans in South LA, to assess relationships between adherence to colorectal cancer and other cancer screening guidelines, and to explore regional differences in screening rates. Between 2016 and 2018, 44 CHAs surveyed 777 African Americans between 50 and 75 years of age. Among 420 South LA residents, 64% of men and 70% of women were adherent to colorectal cancer screening guidelines. Adherence to mammography screening guidelines was 73%. Adherence to cervical cancer screening guidelines among women 50 to 65 years of age without hysterectomy was 80%. Fifty-nine percent of men had ever discussed the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) test with a physician. Adherence to colorectal cancer screening guidelines was significantly higher among respondents who were adherent to other cancer screening guidelines compared to their peers who were not adherent to other cancer screening guidelines (all p < 0.05). The fact that 22% of women who were adherent to breast cancer screening, 32% of women adherent to cervical cancer screening and 16% of men who had discussed the PSA test with a physician were not adherent to colorectal cancer screening guidelines suggests that providers should redouble their efforts to review all screening guidelines with their patients and to make appropriate recommendations. Regional differences in screening rates within South Los Angeles should inform future screening promotion efforts.
Device-Free Acoustic Motion Tracking over Targets with Large Sizes

Device-free acoustic motion tracking allows a commodity mobile device to precisely track the human user's motion, without applying any extra hardware tracker on the human body. Most of current device-free acoustic motion tracking systems, however, are limited to tracking the motion of small parts of the human body with negligible sizes, such as human fingers. Their accuracy of motion tracking will significantly degrade when being applied to targets with large sizes, such as humans' hands, arms or body trunk. We envision the key reason to such degradation as the target size's significant impact on the pattern of the reflected acoustic signal, and develop analytical modeling of such reflected acoustic signal from large targets. Based on such modeling, we present a new system called Acoustic Tracking over targets with LArge Sizes (ATLAS), which ensures precise motion tracking over large targets by correctly interpreting the reflected acoustic signal and extracting the phase from the signal. Experiment results over commodity Android smartphones show that ATLAS can reduce the error of motion tracking by more than 75%, when being applied to targets with heterogeneous sizes in practice.
Quantifying the contribution of Fc-mediated effector functions to the antiviral activity of anti-HIV-1 IgG1 antibodies in vivo.

In combating viral infections, the Fab portion of an antibody could mediate virus neutralization, whereas Fc engagement of Fc-γ receptors (FcγRs) could mediate an array of effector functions. Evidence abounds that effector functions are important in controlling infections by influenza, Ebola, or HIV-1 in animal models. However, the relative contribution of virus neutralization versus effector functions to the overall antiviral activity of an antibody remains unknown. To address this fundamental question in immunology, we utilized our knowledge of HIV-1 dynamics to compare the kinetics of the viral load decline (ΔVL) in infected animals given a wild-type (WT) anti–HIV-1 immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) versus those given a Fc-Null variant of the same antibody. In three independent experiments in HIV-1–infected humanized mice and one pivotal experiment in simian–human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-infected rhesus macaques, an earlier and sharper decline in viral load was consistently detected for the WT antibody. Quantifications of the observed differences indicate that Fc-mediated effector functions accounted for 25–45% of the total antiviral activity in these separate experiments. In this study, Fc-mediated effector functions have been quantified in vivo relative to the contribution of virus neutralization mediated by the Fab.
E-106 Efficacy of asahi fubuki as a guiding catheter for mechanical thrombectomy: an institutional case series

Background Delivery of a guiding catheter to a suitable position is a critical step in performing mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for treatment of acute stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion. Over the past several years, we have employed the Asahi Fubuki (Asahi Intecc Co., LTD, 1976) as a first-line guide catheter for the performance of MT. Herein, we reviewed the treatment outcomes of MT cases in which the Fubuki was utilized to assess the efficacy of this catheter. Methods Radiology reports of MT for the treatment of acute stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion during which the Fubuki was employed as a guide catheter were retrospectively reviewed. Information on patient characteristics and treatment outcomes was collected. Predictors of failure to deliver the Fubuki to the cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) were identified using logistic regression analysis. Results There were 124 patients who met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Mean patient age was 77.8 years and a slight majority of patients were female (50.8%). Large vessel occlusion occurred most often at the M1 segment (41.1%) and most occlusions occurred on the patient’s right side (57.5%). The Fubuki was successfully delivered to the cervical ICA in 121 cases (97.6%), and the lesion was successfully crossed with the Fubuki as the guide catheter in 119 cases (96.0%). Herniation of the Fubuki into the aortic arch after delivery to the cervical ICA and cross-over to another guide catheter each occurred once (0.8%) in separate cases. Greater than or equal to TICI 2B revascularization was achieved in 100 patients (80.6%). Median times to lesion crossed and revascularization were 9 and 19 minutes. Conclusion Our results indicate that the Asahi Fubuki is an effective guide catheter for the performance of MT. Disclosures L. Rinaldo: None. H. Cloft: None. W. Brinjikji: None.
Impact of endocrine therapy on overall survival in ER negative/PR positive locoregional breast cancer: An analysis of the National Cancer Database.

545Background: Breast cancer expressing PR, but not ER (ER-/PR+) are uncommon, comprising 2–8% of breast cancers, with less known about their characteristics and responsiveness to therapy. The role...
Utilizing laser distance sensors for audio recovery and acoustic source localization

Previous research has shown that we can measure the acoustic displacement of a surface with a laser to recover audio inside a room, but these were not done with modern laser distance measurement methods. One such method, LIDAR, has the potential for acoustic recovery, allowing for a room's visual and auditory mapping to be done with one device. With audio recovery through an ideal spinning LIDAR, we would not only obtain the sound inside the room, but we should be able to localize an acoustic source through sampling points around a room. We define the parameters required for a single-point light distance sensor to record audio and compare our results to a light distance sensor used in manufacturing. We also show the parameters that a spinning LIDAR device needs for acoustic source localization and draw a comparison to what is currently available today.
Using the Business Model Canvas to Guide Students in Building Business Plans.

Objective. To review the use of the business model canvas, a one-page visual description of a business initiative, as a tool for teaching pharmacy students about entrepreneurship and business planning in pharmacy practice settings. Findings. Students often struggle to develop the mindset, skillset, and toolset to effectively apply business modeling and planning processes to pharmacy practice settings. Over years of experimentation and various iterations in a pharmacy practice management class, a new business model canvas was developed and refined. The canvas contains thirteen sections which emphasize key terms, concepts, and ideas crucial for achieving entrepreneurial competencies. Using the Zone of Proximal Development as a framework, the course structure offered a range of supportive activities that guided students to independent competence. The business model canvas formed a framework around which assigned course readings, exercises, and group assignments helped pharmacy students build confidence and competence in completing a capstone business plan assignment. Summary. This paper provides recommendations and examples of how to structure a course in the Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) curricula using an entrepreneurial tool, the business model canvas, to help students master business competencies. Recommendations and lessons-learned are provided.
Time for action: oxytocin and uterotonics are life-saving AND dangerous.

Marx-Delaney, et al have written an excellent article documenting high prevalence of oxytocin misuse and associated adverse outcomes during the intrapartum period in India. They explain how use of the Safe Childbirth Checklist and coaching led to decreased misuse of oxytocin for augmentation and increased use of oxytocin postpartum to prevent postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Both effects persisted during the six month follow-up period during which coaching ceased. Although encouraging, changes in behavior of women, providers and health systems will be difficult given the long-term cultural acceptance of oxytocin use during labour. In northern India, research between 1983-1989 by Jeffrey (Jeffrey, et al, Labour Pains and Labour Power. London:Zed Books, 1989, 111-112) found that 15% of labouring women received oxytocin from government pharmacists. Similarly, in Van Hollen's 2003 study (Van Hollen C, Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 2003, 17(1), 49-77), providers stated that women did not just ask but demanded oxytocin in southern India.
Asymptotic Results for Self-Similar Markov Processes

Publisher Summary This chapter draws attention to α-self-similar Markov process on R d or R + d . For two types of such processes, the lower functions for X(t) are studied. The methods in this paper depend heavily on the special properties of Brownian motion or stable Levy processes and hence, cannot be applied directly to α-s.s. Markov processes. This paper considers two classes of α-s.s. Markov processes, for which one can get useful estimates for the hitting probabilities, and study their asymptotic properties.
Pedagogical possibilities for the 2048 puzzle game

In this paper, we describe an engaging puzzle game called 2048 and outline a variety of exercises that can leverage the game's popularity to engage student interest, reinforce core CS concepts, and excite student curiosity towards undergraduate research. Exercises range in difficulty from CS1-level exercises suitable for exercising and assessing 1D and 2D array skills to empirical undergraduate research in Monte Carlo Tree Search methods and skilled heuristic evaluation design.
Quantitative Comparison of 2 Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry Systems in Assessing Body Composition and Bone Mineral Measurements.

Abstract Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is widely used in body composition measurement and evaluation. Because of its numerous applications, the probability of instrument discrepancies has increased dramatically. This study quantitatively compares 2 different DXA systems. In this study, 96 subjects (60 female and 36 male, aged 19–82 years) were recruited and scanned using a General Electric Lunar iDXA and a Hologic Discovery scanner. Four measurements (percent fat, total mass, bone mineral density [BMD], and bone mineral content [BMC]) were quantitatively compared in the whole body and in specific anatomic regions (arms, legs, trunk, android, gynoid, head, ribs, and pelvis). A simple linear regression of each measurement was performed to examine the correlation between the 2 systems. Percent fat, total mass, BMC, and BMD were highly correlated between the 2 DXA systems, with correlation r values greater than 0.854 for both the whole body and the individual anatomic regions except for BMC and BMD in ribs. The high correlation between the 2 DXA systems with systematic differences enabled development of calibration equations for extending the multisystem measurements to advanced quantitative analyses.
Precision Measurements of Ice Crystal Growth Rates

I describe techniques for making precise measurements of the growth rates of the principal facets of ice crystals. Particular attention is paid to identifying and reducing systematic errors in the measurements, as these have plagued earlier attempts to determine ice growth rates. I describe the details of an experimental apparatus we are currently using, and I describe some preliminary results for growth of basal facets at T = −15 C.
Extracellular Matrix Conditions T Cells for Adhesion to Tissue Interstitium

The activation and differentiation of peripheral blood T cells (PBT) are known to correlate with increased surface expression and adhesive capacity of β 1 integrins, which mediate adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, little is known about the regulation of integrin expression, affinity, and avidity on tissue T cells after they are embedded in the interstitial ECM. In this study we show that tissue T cells, freshly isolated from their residence in the interstitial ECM of the intestinal lamina propria, express a distinct subset of functionally active integrins that contribute to enhanced adhesion to purified collagen, fibronectin, and cell-derived ECM when compared with freshly isolated, short term activated, and long term cultured PBT. Furthermore, integrin usage is distinct between circulating and tissue-derived T cells, in that lamina propria T cells prefer to bind to collagen, while PBT lymphoblasts choose fibronectin when presented with a complex, three-dimensional, cell-derived matrix. To identify the extrinsic factors that regulate the conversion from a nonadhesive PBT to highly adhesive tissue T cell, we demonstrate that activation of PBT in the presence of fibronectin or collagen rapidly generates a surface integrin expression profile, an integrin usage pattern, and adhesive capacity mirroring that of a tissue T cell. These results indicate that the tissue ECM microenvironment instructs newly arrived T cells for further interactions with the underlying matrix and thereby imprints them with a signature tissue adhesive phenotype.
Test generation for Boolean expressions

We propose a new strategy for generating test cases for Boolean expressions. In the past, we reported the BOR (Boolean Operator) strategy for generating test cases for predicates which are singular: which contain only one occurrence of each constituent Boolean variable. We also reported results of the empirical studies that were carried out to study the effectiveness of the strategy, but the BOR algorithm did not work well with non-singularities: multiple occurrences of constituent Boolean variables. The solution we propose for the problem is a combination of the original BOR strategy and the MI (Meaning Impact) strategy reported elsewhere. Our approach is to divide a Boolean expression into components that do not have common variables, apply the MI strategy to non-singular components, and the BOR strategy to singular components, and then apply the BOR strategy to combine the test sets generated for all component. Our empirical results indicate that our hybrid approach produces fewer tests for a Boolean expression than the MI strategy. The fault detection capability of our proposed approach has also been found to be comparable to that of the MI strategy. Our test generation strategy can be used to improve the reliability and safety of a program.
The Social in Social Psychology

In this paper, I make a critical plea for the rehabilitation of the theoretical conception of the intrinsically social dimensions of cognition, emotion, and behavior shared by early social psychologists but progressively neglected and abandoned in the last century. Some critical implications of this theoretical conception are considered, including its relation to contemporary theories of social cognition and the restrictive methodological prescriptions of experimental social psychology. Finally, I consider the relation between this conception and alternative theoretical traditions in social psychology, such as social representation theory and ‘social identity’ theory, cultural psychology, and social constructionism.
Serial mistakes in Stravinsky's Requiem Canticles

With the advent of atonal music at the beginning of the 20th Century, composers drastically changed the way they thought about pitches. Octave equivalence became the prominent idea, in which pitches with the same relative placement in different octaves were considered to be functionally equivalent (leading to the definition of pitch classes), as well as sets of pitch classes arranged in any order in the same or different octaves (set classes). Common pitch classes between pitch-class sets are considered to be invariances of the music. In some types of atonal music, the order of the pitch classes is of little consequence, while in others, the music is based on the pitch-class order. In this latter kind, the music is said to be serial, and a pitch-class series can be represented by its prime form P, its retrograde R (P written in reverse order), its inversion I (the negative of P mod 12 and then transposed to start at the same pitch-class as P), and its retrograde inversion RI. These forms can be combined into matrix representations such as twelve-tone matrices and rotational arrays. We have developed a Maple program that, given the generating series, finds all the invariances of any size within a single matrix or set of matrices. The list of invariances within a twelve-tone matrix is useful because one can quickly search the list for significant musical qualities within a twelve-tone composition. We use statistics from the complete list of invariances within the 16 rotational arrays from Igor Stravinsky's Requiem Canticles to consider Stravinsky's serial mistakes.
The control of myoglobin synthesis during muscle development

Abstract The appearance of initiation factors which stimulate myoglobin synthesis in vitro is correlated with the onset of myoglobin synthesis during the development of muscle. The coincident appearance in red muscle of specificity in the IF3 fraction for myoglobin mRNA and myoglobin mRNA in polysomes suggests a concerted control at both transcriptional and translational levels for myoglobin synthesis during development.
Is Science Socially Constructed--And Can It Still Inform Public Policy

This paper addresses, and seeks to correct, some frequent misunderstandings concerning the claim that science is socially constructed. It describes several features of scientific inquiry that have been usefully illuminated by constructivist studies of science, including the mundane or tacit skills involved in research, the social relationships in scientific laboratories, the causes of scientific controversy, and the interconnection of science and culture. Social construction, the paper argues, should be seen not as an alternative to but an enhancement of scientists’ own professional understanding of how science is done. The richer, more finely textured accounts of scientific practice that the constructivist approach provides are potentially of great relevance to public policy.
Plumbotectonics-the model

Abstract Plumbotectonics is an attempt to model the geochemical behaviour of U, Th and Pb, among major terrestrial reservoirs in agreement with observational data. By recycling rock through the orogenic environment, a dynamically communicating upper crust, lower crust, and mantle can produce the required patterns of lead-isotope evolution.
Automated determination of NAD-coupled enzymes. Determination of lactic dehydrogenase

Abstract Procedures have been developed for the automated colorimetric and spectrophotometric determination of serum lactic dehydrogenase activity. The former is based on the measurement of a cuprous-neocuproine complex formed by coupled reaction with enzymically generated reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH 2 ). The latter measures the 340-mμ absorption of the NADH 2 similarly produced. Excellent agreement is obtained between the two methods.
A problem of Ozanam

A problem posed in the early eighteenth century asks for right-angled triangles, each of whose sides exceeds double the area by a perfect square. We summarize known results and find such triangles with the smallest possible standard generators.
Galanthamine plus estradiol treatment enhances cognitive performance in aged ovariectomized rats

We hypothesize that beneficial effects of estradiol on cognitive performance diminish with age and time following menopause due to a progressive decline in basal forebrain cholinergic function. This study tested whether galanthamine, a cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat memory impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease, could enhance or restore estradiol effects on cognitive performance in aged rats that had been ovariectomized in middle-age. Rats were ovariectomized at 16-17 months of age. At 21-22 months of age rats began receiving daily injections of galanthamine (5mg/day) or vehicle. After one week, half of each group also received 17s-estradiol administered subcutaneously. Rats were then trained on a delayed matching to position (DMP) T-maze task, followed by an operant stimulus discrimination/reversal learning task. Treatment with galanthamine+estradiol significantly enhanced the rate of DMP acquisition and improved short-term delay-dependent spatial memory performance. Treatment with galanthamine or estradiol alone was without significant effect. Effects were task-specific in that galanthamine+estradiol treatment did not significantly improve performance on the stimulus discrimination/reversal learning task. In fact, estradiol was associated with a significant increase in incorrect responses on this task after reversal of the stimulus contingency. In addition, treatments did not significantly affect hippocampal choline acetyltransferase activity or acetylcholine release. This may be an effect of age, or possibly is related to compensatory changes associated with long-term cholinesterase inhibitor treatment. The data suggest that treating with a cholinesterase inhibitor can enhance the effects of estradiol on acquisition of a DMP task by old rats following a long period of hormone deprivation. This could be of particular benefit to older women who have not used hormone therapy for many years and are beginning to show signs of mild cognitive impairment. Potential mechanisms for these effects are discussed.
The changing dynamic of consumer behavior: Implications for cross-cultural research

Abstract Consumer researchers are increasingly exploring and comparing behavior and cognitions in diverse national environments. However, research in this area is fraught with conceptual and methodological pitfalls. This paper examines the critical issue of defining the appropriate unit of analysis in cross-cultural research and proposes a new definition. Three alternative research designs for cross-cultural studies based on this definition are discussed. Each design relates to a different type of research issue and provides a different approach to dealing with the increasingly problematic issue of isolating the culti-unit from cultural contamination to rule out alternative explanations.
Effect of Heparin on Fate of Intravenously Administered Fat Emulsions in Rats.

Conclusions1. Addition of heparin to intravenously administered fat emulsion in rats resulted in a marked increase in the rate of disappearance of the fat from the blood and a decrease in the accum...