cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The politics of the body: gender in a neoliberal and neoconservative age

Two things are a buzz on social media as I read and review Alison Phipps’ new work The Politics of the Body. The first has to do with Matt Taylor of ShirtStorm fame – the scientist who wore a shirt...
Development of a Spatially Resolved ^3He Quasi-Particle Detector

Andreev surface bound sates are known to exist on the boundaries of superfluid $$^3$$ He-B. However, the detailed nature of their interaction with bulk quasi-particles is not well known. In a manner similar to angle-resolved photo-emission spectroscopy, surface states can be probed by measuring the change in momentum of bulk quasi-particles scattered from the surface. In order to make such a measurement, we have designed a spatially resolved quasi-particle detector. The detector consists of an array of micro-machined resonators, which are sensitive to quasi-particle flux. The detector is based on previously developed micro-machined resonators, which have been successfully used to study superfluid $$^3$$ He-B and $$^4$$ He. Presented here is the design of the detector and the fabrication procedure.
You are Under Arrest -- Or are You? An Analysis of Federal Sentencing Guidelines Under United States v. Leal-Felix

Sentencing offenders proportionately to the crimes they commit is integral to the success of the criminal justice system. Several circuits have addressed how the issue of disparate sentencing has a detrimental effect on criminal sentencing objectives because inconsistency leads to a lack of uniformity among similarly situated offenders and, further, fails to deter both the individual and society from committing future similar offenses. This inconsistency has largely arose due to the fact that an offender’s sentence may increase months or years based on whether an arresting officer used his discretion to merely cite an offender for what would otherwise be an arrestable offense.As written, the United States Sentencing Guidelines do not provide a definition of what constitutes an "arrest." In 2011, the Ninth Circuit in United States v. Leal-Felix reversed a decision that would have extended the definition of "arrest" to include the issuance of citations. Contravening precedent, the Leal-Felix court erroneously determined that the term "arrest" must be applied only as it is commonly used in mainstream society. Though some proponents advance this opinion that only traditional notions of custody can characterize an arrest, this attitude has received significant criticism in recent years. This Article proposes that in order to adhere to the Sentencing Commission’s original objectives in enacting the Guidelines, a uniform definition of what constitutes an "arrest" must be adopted.Advancing such a definition would remedy the disparity that arises due to the present absence of such direction from the Guidelines. If the Sentencing Commission does not speak to this issue and leaves the term undefined, "arrest" will remain an abstract concept leading to great disparity in criminal sentencing. The difference between two offenders may merely be the fact that an officer exercised his discretion in choosing to arrest the offender while another chose to cite the offender; this should not be the event on which the offender’s criminal history score and subsequent sentence depends. The appropriate definition would equate citations with arrests for the purpose of the criminal history scoring component of the Guidelines and would ensure that all similarly situated offenders would receive the same punishment for committing the same offense.
Review of UHF Antenna for Detecting Partial Discharge in GIS

The ultra-high frequency(UHF) detection method of partial discharge in GIS has been broadly adopted in power system owing to its high anti-interference property and sensitivity. Antenna is one of the important components in the UHF detection system. In this paper, the fundamental working principle of UHF receiving antenna is introduced, the characteristics and configurations of different built-in or external UHF antennae are summarized, and the merits and demerits of each antenna in detection of GIS partial discharge are analyzed. Moreover, the development trend of the antennae is discussed. This paper not only has a great guiding significance for the optimization of antenna characteristics and the development of new type of antenna, but also provides a basis for the choose of antenna used in the UHF detection system of GIS partial discharge.
Curative Effect of Varicocele Treated by Laparoscopic Palomo Operation in Children

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of laparoscopic Palomo operation compared with open inguinal varicocelectomy in children with varicocele.Methods From Jan.2000 to Jun.2007,total 64 boys aged from 8 to 15 years old including 1 case with bilateral varicocele were reviewed.The evidence of diagnosis included:palpable dilated and tortuous vein,and more pronounced when the patient performed Valsalva manoeuvre.Among them,29 cases(average age was 10.8 years old,and average grade was 2.6 degree)underwent open inguinal va-ricocelectomy and the other 35 cases(average age was 12.1 years old,and average grade was 2.6 degree) included that bilateral case underwent laparoscopic Palomo operation.The assessment included operative time,hospital stay,recurrence rate,complications rate and postoperative morbidity(recurrence plus complications).The data were analyzed by SPSS 11.0 software,t test and χ2 test were used to compare of 2 sample means.Results The operative time and recurrence rate were unconspicuous statistically difference between 2 groups(37 min,2.8% vs 33 min,6.9%)(Pa0.05),but the difference of average hospital stay and postoperative complications were significant in favor of the lapa-roscopic group(2.7 d,2.8% vs 5.5 d,17.2%)(Pa0.05).The postoperative morbidity was 5.6% in laparoscopic group and 24.1% in open group,respectively.This difference was statistically significant in favor of the laparoscopic group(P0.05).Conclusions Compared with open inguinal and laparoscopic Paloma varicoelectomy,the findings have demonstrated that the latter offers the better curative effect.
Current Situation of Occupational Disease in Shunyi District of Beijing City

[Objective]To understand the current situation of occupational disease in Shunyi District of Beijing City,and provide occupational health services data to support decision making.[Methods]The occupational health examination and occupational hazards inspection data in the area were collected in 2010.[Results]Monitoring of 53 enterprises,collecting 2 426 samples,376(15.50%) exceeded the standards.352 samples were detected for benzene,exceeding 15(4.26%).Determination of 639 sampling points,122(19.09%) exceeded standards.occupational health examination on 3 380 workers,2 suffered from hearing loss and 4 with leukopenia.[Conclusion]Occupational hazards are serious in enterprises of Shunyi District.It is necessary to strengthen the supervision and monitoring in printing,automotive and other industries,and to implement occupational health surveillance.
Urethrovaginal Fistula: A Review of the Surgical Management

AbstractUrethrovaginal fistulas may occur after external or surgical trauma and result commonly in urinary incontinence. Various repair procedures have been suggested. However, it appears that the Martius operation with labial fat pad interposition between the repaired urethra and vagina is as satisfactory as any.
SU-F-J-120: Evaluation of the Combined Effect of Body Orientation and Breathing On Organ Movement in Thorax Using Multi-Step Deformable Image Registration

Purpose: Use deformable registration to map more complex anatomies that include changes associated with both different body positions and breathing, and evaluate the resultant respiratory excursions for tumors and relevant organs at risk. Methods: Same-day exhale and inhale datasets from prone and supine 4D CT scans of lung cancer patients have been registered using the Elastix software package through a 3 step process: (1) rigid registration for bony alignment (2) deformable multiresolution B-Spline registration of entire anatomy (3) deformable multiresolution B-Spline registration of lung parenchyma (to improve lung vasculature alignment).Manual contours were propagated from the supine-inhale phase to supine-exhale, prone-exhale and prone-inhale, via the resulting registration transformations. Motion excursions between exhale and inhale for both body orientations were computed for tumors, heart, esophagus, vertebrae (T2, T5, T12). Results: The registration accuracy was evaluated by visual inspection of the deformed contours by physicians and minimal contour adjustments were made where deemed appropriate. The average supine [mm] / prone [mm] motion amplitudes for the initial 5-patient sample are as follows: Tumor – 5.8/6.5, T5 – 1.4/2.0, T2 – 0.5/1.6, T12 – 1.7/2.9, Heart– 4.9/9.0, Upper esophagus – 1.6/3.8, Middle esophagus – 3.8/5.0, Lower esophagus – 4.1/6.7. Differences between prone and supine excursions for heart, esophagus, T2 and T12 were significant at 95% level (one-sided Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test).On average, the right and left lung volumes increased by 10% at inhale prone and by 5% at exhale prone from their respective values in supine position. Conclusion: A multi-step deformable registration sequence was implemented and successfully used for supine-prone image registration of thorax. In prone position, lungs are larger, likely owing to increased pulmonary compliance and decreased compressive force of the heart on lungs when prone. Breathing motion excursion is enhanced in prone, possible consequence of rib cage stabilization and increased diaphragmatic motion. Elisabeth Weiss: Research support from Philips Healthcare and National Institutes of Health; Licensing agreement with Varian Medical Systems, UpToDate royalties.
A New Era for Jefferson Lab

On a cool Saturday morning in late April a seemingly endless stream of cars turned off Jefferson Avenue in Newport News, Virginia, bringing 12,000 people ages 1 to 91 to the Open House to learn more about “the new era in science” at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The visitors were dazzled by the complex equipment, the enthusiastic staff, and the advanced technology at the Laboratory.
Determinants of postdisplacement reemployment outcomes and occupation changes

We investigate the roles played by agglomeration (proxied by population density) and occupational distribution on postdisplacement employment outcomes for US workers, focusing on the probability of being employed, the likelihood of changing occupations, and the occupational distance between the old and new occupations (where occupational distance is defined as the difference in job tasks between two occupations). Overall, we find that the local occupational distribution has a greater impact on our outcome variables compared with our agglomeration measure. Our findings suggest policy makers should look closely at occupational distribution when designing job training programs and proposals for relocation vouchers.
Case report on the non-operative management of a retrievable inferior vena cava filter perforating the duodenum.

Abstract Introduction Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) continues to be a significant source of morbidity for surgical patients. Placement of a retrievable inferior vena cava (IVC) filter is used when patients have contraindications to anticoagulation or recurrent pulmonary embolism despite therapeutic anticoagulation. Although retrievable IVC filters are often used, they carry a unique set of risks. Presentation of case A 67-year-old man presents to the Emergency Room (ER) following large volume melena and complaining of syncope. One year prior, the patient had been diagnosed with Glioblastoma multiforme, for which he underwent a craniotomy with near-total resection of the mass. He subsequently developed a deep vein thrombosis and underwent placement of a retrievable inferior vena cava (IVC) filter. Computerized tomography (CT) and esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed duodenal perforation by the retrievable IVC filter. The filter was successfully retrieved through an endovascular approach. Discussion Retrievable IVC filter placement is the preferred method of pulmonary embolism prevention in patients with significant risk for bleeding. Duodenal perforation by a retrievable IVC filter is a rare and serious complication. It is usually managed surgically, but can also be managed non-operatively. Conclusion For patients with significant comorbidities or patients who are poor surgical candidates, non-operative management with close monitoring can serve as an initial approach to the patient with a caval enteric perforation secondary to a retrievable IVC filter.
Vitamin and trace-element supplementation in healthy elderly persons reduced the frequency of infection and nutritional deficiencies and improved immune response

Source Citation Chandra RK. Effect of vitamin and trace-element supplementation on immune responses and infection in elderly subjects. Lancet. 1992 Nov 7;340:1124-7.
Care coordination at a pediatric accountable care organization (ACO): A qualitative analysis

Abstract Objective Care coordinators may help manage care for children with chronic illness. Their role in pediatric epilepsy care is understudied. We aimed to qualitatively describe the content of a care coordination intervention for children with epilepsy. Methods We conducted nine semi-structured interviews and one focus group with care coordinators at a pediatric accountable care organization (ACO) in Ohio. The care coordinators used a modified version of a published care coordination checklist for children with epilepsy (Patel AD, 2014). We analyzed transcripts using thematic analysis. We focused on (1) the content of the intervention; and (2) perceptions of facilitators and barriers to improve outcomes, with an emphasis on epilepsy specific facilitators and barriers. Results Care coordinators interacted with children and families in multiple contexts (phone calls, physician visits, home visits), and included relationship building (developing rapport and trust between families and the health system), communication (transmission of information between the child, family, physician, and other care providers), and service (help with housing, transportation, scheduling, liaison with community resources, etc.). Facilitators and barriers of care coordination included factors related to parents, physicians, health system, payers, and community. Epilepsy-specific barriers included stigma (felt & enacted) and the anxiety associated with clinical uncertainty. Epilepsy related facilitators included a seizure action plan, written educational materials, and an epilepsy specific care coordination checklist. Conclusion In addition to facilitators and barriers common to many care coordination programs, pediatric epilepsy care coordinators should be particularly aware of epilepsy stigma and clinical uncertainty. A care coordination checklist and epilepsy focused educational materials written to accommodate people with low health literacy may provide additional benefit. Further research is required to understand the effect of care coordination on costs, use of health services, seizure control, and quality of life for children with epilepsy.
Enantioselective Catalysis Coupled with Stereodivergent Cyclization Strategies Enables Rapid Syntheses of (+)-Limaspermidine and (+)-Kopsihainanine A.

Enantioselective Pd-catalyzed allylic alkylations of dihydropyrido[1,2-a]indolone (DHPI) substrates were used to construct the C20-quaternary stereocenters of multiple monoterpene indole alkaloids. Stereodivergent Pictet–Spengler and Bischler–Napieralski cyclization/reduction cascades furnish the cis- and trans-fused azadecalin subunits present in Aspidosperma and Kopsia alkaloids, respectively, en route to highly efficient syntheses of (+)-limaspermidine and (+)-kopsihainanine A.
Biological, Chemical, and Environmental Hazards of Desert Dust to Military Personnel

Abstract In the Middle East, dust and sand storms are a persistent problem and can deliver significant amounts of microparticulates via inhalation into the mouth, nasal pharynx, and lungs due to the fine size and abundance. The chronic and acute health risks of this dust inhalation in deployed personnel have not been well studied nor has the dust been effectively characterized as to its chemical composition, mineral content, or microbial flora. Scientific experiments have been designed to study the dust samples from Kuwait, Iraq, and Afghanistan as to physical, chemical, and biological characteristics and for the potential to cause adverse health effects. Dust samples from different locations were collected and examined. In addition, human exposure data were collected, such as environmental dust concentrations and particle size distribution as well as meteorological conditions such as temperature, humidity, and wind velocity. Chemical and physical characterization of each sample taken from each of the various locations including particle size distribution and inorganic analysis was conducted, followed by identification and characterization of biologic flora from each of the dust samples, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Analyzed data and data from the literature indicates that the mineralized microparticulate dust in some locations is composed of a calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) coating over a matrix of metallic silica crystals containing a variety of trace metals constituting ~ 1% by weight of the PM 10 μm particles. These particles additionally contain ~ 1% by weight bioavailable aluminum (Al) and reactive iron (Fe 2 + ). Microbial analysis reveals a significant biodiversity of bacterial, fungi, and viruses of which ~ 30% are known pathogens. The level of total suspended particle mass along with environmental and physiological conditions present in these airborne particles constitute an excessive exposure to microparticulates including PM 2.5 μm particulates and the potential for acute and chronic adverse health effects. These data and the literature suggest that the level of dust exposure coupled with the microbial and bioavailable elemental metal content constitute a significant health risk as evidenced by recent medical studies and reports. These data when taken with other existing work on inhaled mineralized particulates suggest that further immediate research is warranted and critical to provide insight into the full extent of damage and pathology that such exposures create. The potential social, financial, and political ramifications emanating from such exposures are extensive.
Situated Practice and the Emergence of Ethical Research: HPV Vaccine Development and Organizational Cultures of Translation at the National Cancer Institute

This article explores the role scientists at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), a US federal science agency, played in researching and testing vaccines against the human papillomavirus (HPV). Dra...
Electron-phonon scattering and Joule heating in copper at extreme cold temperatures

Abstract A quantum mechanical model has been used to calculate the full electron-phonon scattering rates in pure copper at extreme cold temperatures. The proposed model uses Fermi’s Golden rule, specific to each scattering mechanism and wave vector state, providing more accuracy and more details than the widely used empirical third power rule for scattering rates. The empirical third power rule is actually only valid in the low-temperature limit. The results are in good agreement with existing experimental data and theoretical calculations with the assumption that the wave vector of a phonon is much larger than the wave vector of an electron (q ≫ k) and three-dimensional density of states converted to one-dimensional density of states to reduce calculation burden by orders of magnitude. The energy generated by Joule heating is calculated using the proposed model and compared with the experimental data from the literatures. Although the results presented are specific to copper, the method is directly applicable to other metals. In addition, the proposed model can be used to study the thermal properties of copper wires in high temperature superconductor power cable applications.
Communication Theory and the Family

Communication is a “god” term in our society because it is viewed as a panacea for ailing human relationships. Communication has moved from the periphery to center stage as the sine qua non of family life. Communication is central to family life today because the expectations for personal relationships have changed slowly but inexorably in this century. Although many of the traditional functions of the family have been delegated to other social agencies (e.g., care of the aged, education of the children, and so forth), the nurturance function remains. And, the nurturance of family members takes place primarily through the exchange of verbal and nonverbal messages (Fitzpatrick & Badzinski, 1985).
Vitamin B6: Beyond Coenzyme Functions

Endogenous reactive intermediates such as photoexcited states of tissue chromophores, reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive carbonyl species (RCS), and transition metal ions are mediators of tissue damage involved in initiation and progression of human pathologies including tumorigenesis, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disease. A large body of evidence now suggests that B6 vitamers antagonize the harmful activity of endogenous reactive intermediates fulfilling a very different role than that established as a cofactor for numerous enzymes. In this chapter, the structural basis of vitamin B6 activity as a potent antioxidant, metal chelator, carbonyl scavenger, and photosensitizer is presented and the physiological relevance is discussed.
Harris and Topological Recurrence

In this chapter we consider stronger concepts of recurrence and link them with the dichotomy proved in Chapter 8. We also consider several obvious definitions of global and local recurrence and transience for chains on topological spaces, and show that they also link to the fundamental dichotomy.
Bat rabies in Washington State: Temporal-spatial trends and risk factors for zoonotic transmission (2000-2017).

Background: Rabies is a zoonotic viral disease that can affect all mammals. In the United States, the majority of human rabies cases are caused by bats, which are the only known reservoirs for rabies virus (RABV) in Washington State. We sought to characterize bat RABV epidemiology in Washington among bats submitted by the public for RABV testing. Methods: We examined temporal and spatial trends in RABV positivity (% positive) for taxonomically identified bats submitted to diagnostic laboratories during 2006–2017. For a subset of Myotis species, we evaluated sensitivity and predictive value positive (PPV) of morphological identification keys, using mitochondrial markers (cytochrome b) as a reference. For bats tested during 2000–2016, we analyzed RABV positivity by circumstances of encounters with humans, cats, and dogs. Results: During 2006–2017, RABV positivity for all bat species was 6.0% (176/2,928). Among species with ≥100 submissions, RABV positivity was 2.0%–11.7% and highest among big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus). An increasing trend in annual positivity was significant only for big brown bats (P = 0.02), and was circumstantially linked to a geographic cluster. Sensitivity and PPV of morphological identification keys was high for M. evotis but varied for M. lucifugus, M. californicus, M. yumanensis, and M. septentrionalis. A positive RABV result was significantly associated with nonsynanthropic species, abnormal behavior, abnormal hiding, injury, biting, found in a body of water, found alive, found outdoors, and caught by a dog. Conclusion: Monitoring passive RABV surveillance trends enables public health authorities to perform more accurate risk assessments. Differences in temporal and spatial trends in RABV positivity by bat species indicate the importance of collecting taxonomic data, although morphological identification can be unreliable for certain Myotis species. Current public health practices for RABV exposures should be maintained as RABV infection in bats can never be excluded without diagnostic testing.
Dielectric Metasurfaces for Complete and Independent Control of Optical Amplitude and Phase

Metasurfaces are optically thin metamaterials that promise complete control of the wavefront of light but are primarily used to control only the phase of light. Here, we present an approach, simple in concept and in practice, that uses meta-atoms with a varying degree of form birefringence and rotation angles to create high-efficiency dielectric metasurfaces that control both the optical amplitude and phase at one or two frequencies. This opens up applications in computer-generated holography, allowing faithful reproduction of both the phase and amplitude of a target holographic scene without the iterative algorithms required in phase-only holography. We demonstrate all-dielectric metasurface holograms with independent and complete control of the amplitude and phase at up to two optical frequencies simultaneously to generate two- and three-dimensional holographic objects. We show that phase-amplitude metasurfaces enable a few features not attainable in phase-only holography; these include creating artifact-free two-dimensional holographic images, encoding phase and amplitude profiles separately at the object plane, encoding intensity profiles at the metasurface and object planes separately, and controlling the surface textures of three-dimensional holographic objects.
The Effects of Business Risk on Audit Pricing

This paper examines the pricing of business risk by homogeneous auditors in a two period model. Incumbent auditors learn the client?s business risk type during the course of the engagement. They subsequently compete in prices with prospective auditors. In such an environment, we show that equilibrium audit fees to not fully reflect the cost of business risk. Moreover, there exists differential auditor turnover between high and low risk firms; cross-subsidization of the audit fees of high risk firms by low risk firms; and low-balling by auditors.
Function of Play in Low Vision Children (Part 1): A Review of the Research and Literature:

Play is important in the growth and development of young children. Throughout the early years, play routines provide opportunities for learning new information and perfecting new skills. Many benef...
B Cells and Melanoma Pathogenesis

Melanoma is one of the deadliest cancers. In this issue, Kobayashi et al. (2019) demonstrate a novel role for tumor-infiltrating innate-like B1a B cells in promoting melanoma growth. IL-10+ (B1a) regulatory B cells accumulate selectively in melanomas, and enhance tumor growth through suppression of cytokine production by tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and potentially additional IL-10–dependent mechanisms.
Abstract 2907: Exosome secretion is an inheritable property of cancer cells: Single-cell profiling of exosome secretion

Decades of research on exosomes, nano-sized vesicles secreted by cells, have revealed novel roles of these vesicles in the formation of pre-metastasis niches that enhances the migration of tumor cells to those sites. Paradoxically, more recent work has suggested that these tumor-derived exosomes can also have an immunostimulatory role, depending on the model studied. The rate of secretion of exosomes by single cells is likely heterogeneous, and a deep profiling of the secretion capacity of individual tumor cells has been largely unexplored. We have developed a high-throughput single-cell methodology to quantify the dynamic secretion of exosomes from single cells using a modified immunoassay and sought to define: (a) heterogeneity among individual cells within the tumor cell population, and (b) the nature of the cells secreting exosomes within a tumor cell population. In order to investigate these, we chose to study models of triple negative breast cancer: the metastatic tumor lines, 4T1 (mouse) and MDA-MB-231(human); and the non-metastatic lines 67NR (mouse) and MCF7 (human). Our method revealed that MDA-MB-231 single cells secreted exosomes at a rate, ~2 fold higher than MCF7 cells. Surprisingly, the non-metastatic 67NR cells showed a higher secretion rate (~1.5 fold) than metastatic 4T1 cells. Next, we performed single-cell RNA-seq on 67NR and 4T1 single cells. Consistent with our single-cell exosomal profiling results, 67NR cells were significantly (p-value Since our in vitro results clearly demonstrated that the secretor clonal cell lines had a higher frequency of exosome secreting single cells, we sought to define the in vivo relevance of these results. Consistent with the hypothesis that the exosomes from 67NR are immune-stimulatory, injection of the secretor clones into Balb/c mice led to lack of primary tumor formation (2/15 mice had tumors) whereas the injection of the non-secretor clones led to tumor formation in 7/15 mice. In aggregate, our results show that the higher rate of secretion of exosomes from non-metastatic cells can facilitate tumor rejection in vivo. We are currently performing in vitro studies with the 67NR and MDA-MB-231 exosomes to study their impact on immune cells. Citation Format: Mohsen Fathi, Robiya Joseph, Melisa Martinez-Paniagua, Jay R Adolacion, Xingyue An, Ankit Mahendra, Konrad Gabrusiewicz, Sujash Chatterjee, Sendurai A. Mani, Navin Varadarajan. Exosome secretion is an inheritable property of cancer cells: Single-cell profiling of exosome secretion [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2907.
Perspectives From Authors and Editors in the Biomedical Disciplines on Predatory Journals: Survey Study

Author(s): Cohen, Andrew J; Patino, German; Kamal, Puneet; Ndoye, Medina; Tresh, Anas; Mena, Jorge; Butler, Christi; Washington, Samuel; Breyer, Benjamin N | Abstract: BackgroundPredatory journals fail to fulfill the tenets of biomedical publication: peer review, circulation, and access in perpetuity. Despite increasing attention in the lay and scientific press, no studies have directly assessed the perceptions of the authors or editors involved.ObjectiveOur objective was to understand the motivation of authors in sending their work to potentially predatory journals. Moreover, we aimed to understand the perspective of journal editors at journals cited as potentially predatory.MethodsPotential online predatory journals were randomly selected among 350 publishers and their 2204 biomedical journals. Author and editor email information was valid for 2227 total potential participants. A survey for authors and editors was created in an iterative fashion and distributed. Surveys assessed attitudes and knowledge about predatory publishing. Narrative comments were invited.ResultsA total of 249 complete survey responses were analyzed. A total of 40% of editors (17/43) surveyed were not aware that they were listed as an editor for the particular journal in question. A total of 21.8% of authors (45/206) confirmed a lack of peer review. Whereas 77% (33/43) of all surveyed editors were at least somewhat familiar with predatory journals, only 33.0% of authors (68/206) were somewhat familiar with them (Pl.001). Only 26.2% of authors (54/206) were aware of Beall's list of predatory journals versus 49% (21/43) of editors (Pl.001). A total of 30.1% of authors (62/206) believed their publication was published in a predatory journal. After defining predatory publishing, 87.9% of authors (181/206) surveyed would not publish in the same journal in the future.ConclusionsAuthors publishing in suspected predatory journals are alarmingly uninformed in terms of predatory journal quality and practices. Editors' increased familiarity with predatory publishing did little to prevent their unwitting listing as editors. Some suspected predatory journals did provide services akin to open access publication. Education, research mentorship, and a realignment of research incentives may decrease the impact of predatory publishing.
Members of the Euwallacea fornicatus species complex exhibit promiscuous mutualism with ambrosia fungi in Taiwan

Carrillo, J.D., Rugman-Jones, PF., Husein, D., Stajich, J.E., Kasson, M.T., Carrillo, D., Stouthamer, R., and Eskalen, A. 2019. Members of the Euwallacea fornicatus species complex exhibit promiscuous mutualism with ambrosia fungi in Taiwan. A number of ambrosia beetles have come to prominence in recent years because of the damage they inflict on a variety of trees within invaded habitats across the globe. Ambrosia beetles rely on symbiotic microorganisms, mainly fungi, as a dedicated food source and carry those microorganisms around with them within specialized organs termed mycangia. Investigation of members of the Euwallacea fornicatus species complex and their fungal symbionts in Taiwan revealed promiscuous symbioses with ambrosial Fusaria clade (AFC) members, Graphium spp., and Paracremonium spp. based on co-phylogenetic analyses. For AFC members, a novel diagnostic PCR assay targeting mating type genes MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2-1 was developed and validated by amplicon size and sequencing. Mating type screening of AFC members revealed the isolates screened are all heterothallic (self-sterile), with both MAT types represented and recovered from fungi vectored by E. fornicatus (tea shot hole borer), E. kuroshio (Kuroshio shot hole borer), and E. whitfordiodendrus (polyphagous shot hole borer) in Taiwan. Members of the Euwallacea fornicatus species complex and the variety of ambrosia fungi they utilize further confirms that their relationship with these fungi are more likely promiscuous in native areas, as opposed to strictly obligate to a specific combination of fungi as observed in invaded areas.
Inguinal Hernia Repair

This chapter describes the surgical procedure for inguinal hernia repair as performed by the following approaches: open and laparoscopic. The text includes an introduction that outlines the indications, risks, alternatives, essential steps, needed equipment, and variations in technique for the procedure in question. This is followed by a template operative dictation, which provides the reader with an operative report, such as is found in a patient chart or electronic medical record. A description is provided of the following critical concepts for this procedure: incision, exposure of the hernia sac, evaluation for hernia contents, reduction of the hernia sac.
Misinformation Related To COVID-19 In Indonesia

Background: An increase in COVID-19 cases has been accompanied by an increase in public misinformation of basic coronavirus facts, its transmission and prevention. Aims: This study described public knowledge of COVID-19 misinformation in Indonesia. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study using online questionnaires for data collection from 4 to 11 April 2020. The questionnaires consisted of two parts regarding demographic characteristics and knowledge of misinformation. The sample in this study was 530 respondents. Descriptive analysis was used for data analysis. Results: The majority of respondents were below 25 years old (n = 342, 64.5%) and graduated from junior/senior high school education (n = 277, 52.3%). There were 13.2% of respondents who believed the COVID-19 can halt in Indonesia's climate, while 27.7% of them stated that COVID-19 is a biological weapon deliberaly created by a country. Meanwhile, 19.6% believed that gargling with salt water or vinegar can kill the COVID-19. Conclusion: A group of people still did not get misinformation of the COVID-19. Various efforts need to undertake to align community understanding of COVID-19 prevention, and thus they could get accurate information. Keywords : COVID-19, misinformation, prevention measures, SARC-CoV-2.
Identifying elements for a comprehensive paediatric cardiac rehabilitation programme

Introduction: The aim of this study was to identify relevant content among four important domains for the development and structure of a paediatric cardiac rehabilitation curriculum for young patients with congenital heart disease using a consensus approach. Methods: A three-round e-Delphi study among congenital heart disease and paediatric exercise physiology experts was conducted. Round 1, experts provided opinions in a closed- and open-ended electronic questionnaire to identify specific elements necessary for inclusion in a paediatric cardiac rehabilitation programme. Round 2, experts were asked to re-rate the same items after feedback and summary data were provided from round 1. Round 3, the same experts were asked to re-rate items that did not reach consensus from round 2. Results: Forty-seven experts were contacted via e-mail to participate on the Delphi panel, 37 consented, 35 completed round 1, 29 completed round 2, and 28 completed the final round. After round 2, consensus was reached in 55 of 60 (92%) questionnaire items across four domains: exercise training, education, outcome metrics, and self-confidence. Conclusion: This study established consensus towards programme structure, exercise training principles, educational content, patient outcome measures, and self-confidence promotion. By identifying the key components within each domain, there is potential to benchmark recommended standards and practice guidelines for the development of a paediatric cardiac rehabilitation curriculum to be used and tested by exercise physiologists, paediatric and adult congenital cardiologists, and other healthcare team members for optimising the health and wellness of paediatric patients with congenital heart disease.
GRAVITY DUAL FOR REGGEON FIELD THEORY AND NONLINEAR QUANTUM FINANCE

We study scale invariant but not necessarily conformal invariant deformations of nonrelativistic conformal field theories from the dual gravity viewpoint. We present the corresponding metric that solves the Einstein equation coupled with a massive vector field. We find that, within the class of metric we study, when we assume the Galilean invariance, the scale invariant deformation always preserves the nonrelativistic conformal invariance. We discuss applications to scaling regime of Reggeon field theory and nonlinear quantum finance. These theories possess scale invariance but may or may not break the conformal invariance, depending on the underlying symmetry assumptions.
Structural interpretation of the effects of threo-nucleotides on nonenzymatic template-directed polymerization.

The prebiotic synthesis of ribonucleotides is likely to have been accompanied by the synthesis of noncanonical nucleotides including the threo-nucleotide building blocks of TNA. Here, we examine the ability of activated threo-nucleotides to participate in nonenzymatic template-directed polymerization. We find that primer extension by multiple sequential threo-nucleotide monomers is strongly disfavored relative to ribo-nucleotides. Kinetic, NMR and crystallographic studies suggest that this is due in part to the slow formation of the imidazolium-bridged TNA dinucleotide intermediate in primer extension, and in part because of the greater distance between the attacking RNA primer 3'-hydroxyl and the phosphate of the incoming threo-nucleotide intermediate. Even a single activated threo-nucleotide in the presence of an activated downstream RNA oligonucleotide is added to the primer 10-fold more slowly than an activated ribonucleotide. In contrast, a single activated threo-nucleotide at the end of an RNA primer or in an RNA template results in only a modest decrease in the rate of primer extension, consistent with the minor and local structural distortions revealed by crystal structures. Our results are consistent with a model in which heterogeneous primordial oligonucleotides would, through cycles of replication, have given rise to increasingly homogeneous RNA strands.
Effect of Behavioral Therapy With In-Clinic or Telephone Group Visits vs In-Clinic Individual Visits on Weight Loss Among Patients With Obesity in Rural Clinical Practice: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance Rural populations have a higher prevalence of obesity and poor access to weight loss programs. Effective models for treating obesity in rural clinical practice are needed. Objective To compare the Medicare Intensive Behavioral Therapy for Obesity fee-for-service model with 2 alternatives: in-clinic group visits based on a patient-centered medical home model and telephone-based group visits based on a disease management model. Design, setting, and participants Cluster randomized trial conducted in 36 primary care practices in the rural Midwestern US. Inclusion criteria included age 20 to 75 years and body mass index of 30 to 45. Participants were enrolled from February 2016 to October 2017. Final follow-up occurred in December 2019. Interventions All participants received a lifestyle intervention focused on diet, physical activity, and behavior change strategies. In the fee-for-service intervention (n = 473), practice-employed clinicians provided 15-minute in-clinic individual visits at a frequency similar to that reimbursed by Medicare (weekly for 1 month, biweekly for 5 months, and monthly thereafter). In the in-clinic group intervention (n = 468), practice-employed clinicians delivered group visits that were weekly for 3 months, biweekly for 3 months, and monthly thereafter. In the telephone group intervention (n = 466), patients received the same intervention as the in-clinic group intervention, but sessions were delivered remotely via conference calls by centralized staff. Main outcomes and measures The primary outcome was weight change at 24 months. A minimum clinically important difference was defined as 2.75 kg. Results Among 1407 participants (mean age, 54.7 [SD, 11.8] years; baseline body mass index, 36.7 [SD, 4.0]; 1081 [77%] women), 1220 (87%) completed the trial. Mean weight loss at 24 months was -4.4 kg (95% CI, -5.5 to -3.4 kg) in the in-clinic group intervention, -3.9 kg (95% CI, -5.0 to -2.9 kg) in the telephone group intervention, and -2.6 kg (95% CI, -3.6 to -1.5 kg) in the in-clinic individual intervention. Compared with the in-clinic individual intervention, the mean difference in weight change was -1.9 kg (97.5% CI, -3.5 to -0.2 kg; P = .01) for the in-clinic group intervention and -1.4 kg (97.5% CI, -3.0 to 0.3 kg; P = .06) for the telephone group intervention. Conclusions and relevance Among patients with obesity in rural primary care clinics, in-clinic group visits but not telephone-based group visits, compared with in-clinic individual visits, resulted in statistically significantly greater weight loss at 24 months. However, the differences were small in magnitude and of uncertain clinical importance. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02456636.
What Went Right: Sustainability Versus Dependence in Nepal's Hydropower Development

This book explores why Nepal's hydropower sector is one of its few development success stories. Unlike most other 'developing' countries, in Nepal local firms design and build hydropower facilities using Nepali engineers, builders and labor. Nepal has largely avoided the trap whereby most poor countries are forced to accept energy infrastructure projects that are foreign designed, funded and built – typically resulting in debt, dependency and unsustainability. It traces the struggle between two competing development paradigms: one that emphasizes gradual national human capacity building – at the expense of speed and efficiency – and another that emphasizes rapid, large-scale infrastructure building – at the risk of unsustainability and dependency. At stake is whether what passes for 'development' benefits the countries in which it occurs, or the banks and investors that finance capital-intensive projects. What Went Right brings a vision for sustainable development into vigorous conversation with development strategies that have proven to be less productive.
Ejecta from Granular-Medium Cratering by a Supersonic Jet Entering a Continuum Atmosphere

High-fidelity three-dimensional numerical simulations are analyzed to investigate cratering on a granular bed of particles due to a supersonic multi-species fluid jet. In the simulations, the volum...
Percutaneous mitral valve edge-to-edge repair for late systolic anterior motion after surgical mitral valve repair: a case report.

Background Late post-operative systolic anterior motion (SAM) is a rare but challenging issue. The feasibility of percutaneous mitral valve edge-to-edge repair (PMVR) using the MitraClip to treat late refractory SAM after surgical mitral valve repair has rarely been reported in the literature. Case summary An 88-year-old woman with a history of mitral valve repair for a P2 prolapse 14 years before, presented with signs of congestive heart failure. Transoesophageal echocardiogram (TOE) demonstrated significant SAM of the anterior mitral leaflet, resulting in the detachment from the posterior mitral leaflet in mid-to-late systole and severe mitral regurgitation (MR). The heart team decided to perform PMVR using the MitraClip to simultaneously address the issues of SAM and MR, considering the patient's high surgical risk. TOE after the clip deployment at the medial edge of the mitral valve, where the most severe SAM was detected, confirmed resolution of SAM with marked reduction of MR. The patient was discharged home with good haemodynamic compensation. Discussion Post-operative SAM typically occurs immediately after the reparative surgery and resolves with conservative treatment; however, persistent SAM requiring repeat surgery remains a serious concern. As an alternative strategy, the MitraClip has some advantages, including low procedural risk, immediately observable results, and the ability to relocate the clip. Meanwhile, the greater risk of post-procedural mitral stenosis, particularly in patients undergoing mitral repair, should be taken into account. In our case, the clip deployment at the medial edge of the valve could minimize the progression of mitral stenosis with a satisfactory reduction of MR.
Yoga for College Students: An Empowering Form of Movement and Connection.

Yoga is a historic method for exercising, as well as cultivating a mindâ€“body connection. For busy college students, it may be an effective way to slow down. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of participating in a semiweekly yoga class at a university on college students' lives. Evidence of impact was measured through students' written responses to reflective questions about the semester-long yoga class, which was designed based on the traditional characteristics of yoga. Students enrolled in the class reported increased levels of relaxation, greater perspective of their lives, more focus, and feelings of empowerment. Given these important outcomes, the author advocates that more yoga classes at colleges and universities should be taught in the traditional way (i.e., with a foundation in yoga philosophy) to enable more students to discover these life-enriching benefits.
Decision science as a by-product of decision-aiding: A practitioner's perspective

Abstract Decision aiding practice has stimulated much research on neglected scientific issues. The author spent 40 years alternating between consulting and diverse faculty appointments in management, statistics, economics, psychology, information technology and public policy. His decision science research, with applied decision theory at its conceptual core, is published, often with academic co-authors, in the literatures on decision theory, cognitive psychology, philosophy, and organization design. A number of the author's ideas and insights, grounded in “anecdotal evidence” stemming from over 100 cases, are discussed here. These ideas cover, for example, hybrid judgment, decomposing estimation error ideal judgment, organization fit and evaluating decision aids. Avenues for future research are outlined. Settled science will require more definitive research.
Colloidal gold. Part II

In the first part of this review, published in the July, 1985 issue of this journal, historical, preparative and structural characteristics of gold colloids were discussed. In this final part their properties will be dealt with.