cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
MANEJO DEL CÁNCER CÉRVICO UTERINO LOCALMENTE AVANZADO

SUMMARY Cervical cancer is one of the most common invasive neoplasia in women in underdeveloped countries. In an effort to improve treatment outcomes neoadjuvant chemotherapy, adjuvant and concurrent chemoradiation has been tested. Five randomized trials and two meta-analysis studying cisplatin-based chemoradiation have demonstrated a significant survival advantage. Based on the results of these five randomized trials the National Cancer Institute released a clinical announcement stating that cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy as the new standard therapy for locally advanced cervical cancer. Although these treatment advances have improved the cure rate for women with locally advanced cervical cancer, a large percentage of women will die of locally recurrent and metastatic cancer. This review will critically evaluate the evidence supporting the available treatment modalities for locally advanced cancer of the uterine cervix.
Reference assisted coherent CDMA communication-an analytical treatment

Coherent spread spectrum communications with transmitted reference, also called pilot, based channel estimation is considered for asynchronous CDMA communication over fading channels. We derived the optimal receiver structure with a maximum likelihood (ML) convolutional decoder and the Bhattacharyya bound and the cut-off rate of the ML receiver. The analytical results are applied to evaluating the system performance and for selecting parameters such as coding rate and the data to reference power ratio that optimizes the system performance. Simulation results are also given and compared with the analytical results.
Thyrotropin-Like Immunoreactivity in the Pituitary and Three Brain Regions of the Female Rat: Diurnal Variations and the Effect of Thyroidectomy*

A method for extracting and assaying TSH-like immunoreactivity (TSH-LI) in regions of the central nervous systems (CNS) of individual rats was developed and validated. Serial dilutions of tissue extracts paralleled dilutions of purified rat TSH standard in the RIA, and tissue TSH-LI comigrated electrophoretically with TSH standard. TSH-LI was measured in the pituitary (PIT), the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH), the remainder of the hypothalamus (HYPO), and the cerebral cortex (CC). Female rats were maintained on a normal 12-h light, 12-h dark cycle (LD; onset of light, 0730 h) or an inverted 12-h light, 12-h dark cycle (DL; onset of light, 1930 h) for 3 weeks and then killed at 4-h intervals throughout the day. Another group of rats on the LD photoperiod were either thyroidectomized or sham thyroidectomized and killed 3 weeks later at 1000 h. Diurnal variations of TSH-LI were present in the PIT, MBH, HYPO, and CC on the LD photoperiod (P less than 0.05). The acrophases of MBH, HYPO, and CC TSH-LI diurnal variations occurred soon after the onset of darkness, whereas the PIT TSH-LI variation peaked soon after the onset of light. Inverting the photoperiod inverted the PIT TSH-LI diurnal variation, but central nervous system TSH-LI variations were not phase shifted after 3 weeks on the inverted photoperiod. Thyroidectomy elevated plasma and MBH TSH-LI levels (P less than 0.05), but PIT, HYPO, and CC TSH-LI levels were not significantly different from those in sham-operated controls. These results indicated that brain TSH concentrations could change under different physiological states independently of changes in PIT or plasma TSH. Although brain TSH exhibited diurnal variations, the data suggested that the phase of these variations was not set by the light-dark cycle.
An Implementation and Evaluation of Client-Side File Caching for MPI-IO

Client-side file caching has long been recognized as a file system enhancement to reduce the amount of data transfer between application processes and I/O servers. However, caching also introduces cache coherence problems when a file is simultaneously accessed by multiple processes. Existing coherence controls tend to treat the client processes independently and ignore the aggregate I/O access pattern. This causes a serious performance degradation for parallel I/O applications. In this paper we discuss our new implementation and present an extended performance evaluation on GPFS and Lustre parallel file systems. In addition to comparing our methods to traditional approaches, we examine the performance of MPI-IO caching under direct I/O mode to bypass the underlying file system cache. We also investigate the performance impact of two file domain partitioning methods to MPI collective I/O operations: one which creates a balanced workload and the other which aligns accesses to the file system stripe size. In our experiments, alignment results in better performance by reducing file lock contention. When the cache page size is set to a multiple of the stripe size, MPI-IO caching inherits the same advantage and produces significantly improved I/O bandwidth.
PREDATION ON PRIONOPLUS RETICULARIS (CERAMBYCIDAE) BY THORAMUS WAKEFIELDI (ELATERIDAE)

(1973). PREDATION ON PRIONOPLUS RETICULARIS (CERAMBYCIDAE) BY THORAMUS WAKEFIELDI (ELATERIDAE) New Zealand Entomologist: Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 360-362.
Coronary Artery Fistulas: A Review of the Literature and Presentation of Two Cases of Coronary Fistulas with Drainage into the Left Atrium

We report 2 cases of infants presenting with a murmur shortly after birth and diagnosed with coronary artery fistulas with drainage into the left atrium. The first infant had a fistulous communication between the left main coronary artery and the left atrial appendage and presented with signs and symptoms of heart failure. The infant was repaired surgically in the first week of life. The second infant was asymptomatic and had a fistulous communication between the right coronary artery and the left atrium. The infant will have the fistula closed in the cardiac catheterization laboratory when the child is older. The literature on coronary artery fistulas is reviewed, and the diagnosis and management of coronary artery fistulas is discussed.
The distance decay of similarity in biogeography and ecology

Aim Our aim was to understand how similarity changes with distance in biological communities, to use the distance decay perspective as quantitative technique to describe biogeographic pattern, and to explore whether growth form, dispersal type, rarity, or support affected the rate of distance decay in similarity. Location North American spruce-fir forests, Appalachian montane spruce-fir forests. Methods We estimated rates of distance decay through regression of log-transformed compositional similarity against distance for pairwise comparisons of thirty-four white spruce plots and twenty-six black spruce plots distributed from eastern Canada to Alaska, six regional floras along the crest of the Appalachians, and six regional floras along the east‐west extent of the boreal forest. Results Similarity decreased significantly with distance, with the most linear models relating the log of similarity to untransformed distance. The rate of similarity decay was 1.5‐1.9 times higher for vascular plants than for bryophytes. The rate of distance decay was highest for berry-fruited and nut-bearing species (1.7 times higher than plumose-seeded species and 1.9 times higher than microseeded/spore species) and 2.1 times higher for herbs than woody plants. There was no distance decay for rare species, while species of intermediate frequency had 2.0 times higher distance decay rates than common species. The rate of distance decay was 2.7 times higher for floras from the fragmented Appalachians than for floras from the contiguous boreal forest. Main conclusions The distance decay of similarity can be caused by either a decrease in environmental similarity with distance (e.g. climatic gradients) or by limits to dispersal and niche width differences among taxa. Regardless of cause, the distance decay of similarity provides a simple descriptor of how biological diversity is distributed and therefore has consequences for conservation strategy.
Multiple signatures of positive selection downstream of notch on the X chromosome in Drosophila melanogaster.

To identify genomic regions affected by the rapid fixation of beneficial mutations (selective sweeps), we performed a scan of microsatellite variability across the Notch locus region of Drosophila melanogaster. Nine microsatellites spanning 60 kb of the X chromosome were surveyed for variation in one African and three non-African populations of this species. The microsatellites identified an ∼14-kb window for which we observed relatively low levels of variability and/or a skew in the frequency spectrum toward rare alleles, patterns predicted at regions linked to a selective sweep. DNA sequence polymorphism data were subsequently collected within this 14-kb region for three of the D. melanogaster populations. The sequence data strongly support the initial microsatellite findings; in the non-African populations there is evidence of a recent selective sweep downstream of the Notch locus near or within the open reading frames CG18508 and Fcp3C. In addition, we observe a significant McDonald-Kreitman test result suggesting too many amino acid fixations species wide, presumably due to positive selection, at the unannotated open reading frame CG18508. Thus, we observe within this small genomic region evidence for both recent (skew toward rare alleles in non-African populations) and recurring (amino acid evolution at CG18508) episodes of positive selection.
Migrantes tecnológicos: simulación y experiencia en la crónica “Caminata Nocturna” de Radio Ambulante

In the state of Hidalgo, in Mexico, there is a small town called El Alberto that offers several options for people interested in “alternative and adventure ecotourism”. A family package might include, for example, a spa entrance, a camping site, boat rides, and a torchlight show. For those interested in something a little more intense, the attractions include abseiling, kayaking, zip-lining and an activity called "night walk". It is, as the caption already indicates, a three-hour walk that simulates the illegal crossing of the border between Mexico and the United States.
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (nAChR) Dependent Chorda Tympani Taste Nerve Responses to Nicotine, Ethanol and Acetylcholine

Nicotine elicits bitter taste by activating TRPM5-dependent and TRPM5-independent but neuronal nAChR-dependent pathways. The nAChRs represent common targets at which acetylcholine, nicotine and ethanol functionally interact in the central nervous system. Here, we investigated if the nAChRs also represent a common pathway through which the bitter taste of nicotine, ethanol and acetylcholine is transduced. To this end, chorda tympani (CT) taste nerve responses were monitored in rats, wild-type mice and TRPM5 knockout (KO) mice following lingual stimulation with nicotine free base, ethanol, and acetylcholine, in the absence and presence of nAChR agonists and antagonists. The nAChR modulators: mecamylamine, dihydro-β-erythroidine, and CP-601932 (a partial agonist of the α3β4* nAChR), inhibited CT responses to nicotine, ethanol, and acetylcholine. CT responses to nicotine and ethanol were also inhibited by topical lingual application of 8-chlorophenylthio (CPT)-cAMP and loading taste cells with [Ca2+]i by topical lingual application of ionomycin + CaCl2. In contrast, CT responses to nicotine were enhanced when TRC [Ca2+]i was reduced by topical lingual application of BAPTA-AM. In patch-clamp experiments, only a subset of isolated rat fungiform taste cells exposed to nicotine responded with an increase in mecamylamine-sensitive inward currents. We conclude that nAChRs expressed in a subset of taste cells serve as common receptors for the detection of the TRPM5-independent bitter taste of nicotine, acetylcholine and ethanol.
Doctors and the Dangers of Driving

Automobiles have been the subject of more than a century's worth of varied public health warnings in the Journal. Doctors have remained ambivalent, however, about taking aggressive action to combat the dangers of driving.
Scrutinizing the Scaffolds of Marine Biosynthetics from Different Source Organisms: Gram-Negative Cultured Bacterial Products Enter Center Stage

Compounds from macro marine organisms are presumed to owe their biosynthetic origins to associated microbial symbionts, although few definitive examples exist. An upsurge in the recent literature from 2012 to 2013 has shown that four compounds previously reported from macro marine organisms are in fact biosynthesized by non-photosynthetic Gram-negative bacteria (NPGNB). Structural parallels between compounds isolated from macro marine organisms and NPGNB producers form the basis of this review. Although less attention has been given to investigating the chemistry of NPGNB sources, there exists a significant list of structural parallels between NPGNB and macro marine organism-derived compounds. Alternatively, of the thousands of compounds isolated from Gram-positive actinomycetes, few structural parallels with macro marine organisms are known. A summary of small molecules isolated from marine NPGNB sources is presented, including compounds isolated from marine myxobacteria. From this assemblage of structur...
Review of "Spiritual Art and Art Education," by Janis Lander

Janis Lander. New York: Routledge, 2014, 274 pages, ISBN 978-0-415-71262-0 (hardback), $112.00.Spirituality in art is an active subject matter and, in some cases, is all that is left of certain pra...
Survey and Advances in Research of Fish Vaccines

The types of fish vaccines have been increasing gradually by the using of new techniques and methods in fishery.Besides traditional live vaccines and chemical vaccines,new types of vaccines have been improved,such as DNA vaccine,synthetic peptide vaccine.The classification,foreground and problems of fish vaccines are overviewed in present paper.
Excitation of hippocampal pyramidal cells by an electrical field effect

The effects of electrical fields from antidromic stimulation of CA1 pyramidal cells were studied in slices of rat hippocampus in which chemical synaptic transmission had been blocked by superfusion with physiological solution containing Mn2+ and lowered concentration of Ca2+. Differential voltage recordings were made between two microelectrode positions, on intracellular to a pyramidal cell and the other in the adjacent extracellular space. This technique revealed brief transmembrane depolarizations that occurred synchronously with negative-going extracellular population spikes in the adjacent cell body layer. Glial cells in this region did not exhibit these depolarizations. In some pyramidal cells, alvear stimulation that was too weak to excite the axon of the impaled cell elicited action potentials, which appeared to arise from transmembrane depolarizations at the soma. When subthreshold transmembrane depolarizations were superimposed on subthreshold depolarizing current pulses, somatic action potentials were generated synchronously with the antidromic population spikes. The depolarizations of pyramidal somata were finely graded with stimulus intensity, were unaffected by polarization of the membrane, and were not occluded by preceding action potentials. The laminar profile of extracellular field potentials perpendicular to the cell body layer was obtained with an array of extracellular recording locations. Numerical techniques of current source-density analysis indicated that at the peak of the somatic population spike, there was an extracellular current sink near pyramidal somata and sources in distal dendritic regions. It is concluded that during population spikes an extracellular electrical field causes currents to flow passively across inactive pyramidal cell membranes, thus depolarizing their somata. The transmembrane depolarizations associated with population spikes would tend to excite and synchronize the population of pyramidal cells.
The thickness of the human precorneal tear film: evidence from reflection spectra.

Purpose Interferometric methods have considerable potential for studying the thickness of layers of the human tear film and cornea because of their ability to make noninvasive, accurate, and rapid measurements. However, previous interferometric studies by Prydal and Danjo yielded tear thickness values near 40 and 11 microm, respectively, considerably greater than estimates made by invasive methods of 4 to 8 microm. Using a modified version of Danjo's method, interference effects from the tear film and cornea were studied, with the aim of correlation with known structure and optical properties of the cornea and hence determining the most probable value of tear film thickness. Methods Reflectance spectra from the human cornea were measured at normal incidence. These spectra show oscillations whose maxima correspond to constructive interference between light reflected from the air surface and from some deeper surface. The frequency of these spectral oscillations is proportional to the thickness of the layer between the air surface and the second surface. Therefore, Fourier analysis of reflectance spectra can be used to determine the thickness of layers of the tear film and cornea. In the main experiment, 36 low-resolution spectra were obtained from six normal eyes for measuring thickness up to 100 microm. Control experiments included measurements of the time course of thickness changes and high-resolution spectra for measuring thickness up to 1000 microm. Results For the main experiment, in the thickness range 1 to 100 microm, the strongest peak in the Fourier transform was near 3 microm (range, 1.5-4.7 microm) beneath the air surface. In the range 20 to 100 microm, the strongest peak was near 55 microm (range, 50-59 microm) for all 36 spectra; none were in Prydal's range near 40 microm. This 55-microm peak is consistent with a reflection from the basement membrane of the epithelium. Time course measurements after a blink show that the 3-microm peak is not an artifact. High-resolution spectra gave a peak near 510 microm, corresponding to the complete thickness of the cornea (plus tear film). This peak had a contrast similar to that of the 3-microm peak. Conclusions These studies did not confirm Prydal's estimate of approximately 40 microm. Nor were there prominent peaks near Danjo's value of approximately 11 microm, except in cases of probable reflex tears. Because the reflection at the aqueous-mucus boundary would be expected to be weaker than that from the epithelial surface, the 3-microm peak is unlikely to correspond to the aqueous layer (rather than the complete tear film). The proposal that the 3-microm peak corresponds to a reflection from the front of the cornea is supported by the demonstration of a peak of similar contrast from the back of the cornea. Thus, the current evidence consistently supports a value of approximately 3 microm for the thickness of the human precorneal tear film.
Research and Civil Engineering Education

The author comments on the importance of research in civil engineering education and the current status of civil engineering research.
Static and dynamic effects of chirality in dielectric media

Chiral dielectrics are considered from the perspective of continuum representations of spatial heterogeneity. Static effects in isotropic chiral dielectrics are predicted, provided the electric field has nonzero third spatial derivatives. The effects are compared with static chiral phenomena in Cosserat elastic materials which obey generalized continuum constitutive equations. Dynamic monopole-like magnetic induction is predicted in chiral dielectric media.
Problemi di ‘personae’. Sulla recente teoria del personaggio nel mondo anglofono (2003-2016)

In questo contributo offro una mappa degli studi sul personaggio della critica anglo-americana. L’obiettivo di questo saggio e di aprire un nuovo dibattito critico, ma soprattutto dialettico, sul personaggio in Europa e negli Stati Uniti: attraverso una rassegna dei lavori piu importanti su questo aspetto pubblicati dal 2003 al 2016, mostrero la distanza tra una visione analitica e una continentale sul personaggio ed evidenziero i limiti e i vantaggi delle teorie prese in esame. In this paper I will offer a map of the Anglo-American scholarship on literary character. My aim is to open a new critical, but foremost dialectic, debate on character both in Europe and in the United States: through a reading of the most works published on this topic between 2003 and 2016, I will show the distance between the analytical and continental approaches on character, and I will outline the limits and the advantages of these theoretical models.
High velocity penetrators used a potential means for attaining core sample for airless solar system objects

Abstract Sample return missions offer a greater science yield when compared to missions that only employ in situ or remote sensing observations. Such missions have high ΔV requirements, and the return yields to date have been typically only of a few grams for robotic missions. Planetary penetrators offer an alternative that significantly reduce a mission's ΔV, increase sample yields, and allow for the collection of subsurface materials. The following details the design, development, and testing of penetrator/sampler technology capable of surviving supersonic impact velocities that would enable the collection of a solid core of geologic materials, without the need for any drilling equipment,,thereby reducing the overall mass and propellant budget. It is shown through both modeling and field testing that penetrators at speeds between 300 and 600 m/s (~Mach 1–2) can penetrate into the ground to depths of 1–2 m with overall structural integrity maintained. The first flight tests demonstrated the potential for survivability at these speeds. The second flight series demonstrated core sample collection with partial ejection of the sample return canister. The 3rd flight series demonstrated self-ejection of the sample return system fully intact and with the core retaining the full stratigraphy of the rock bed. The recovered sample also shows the survivability of macro-organic structures. Possible mechanisms for the recovery of the ejected core sample are also discussed.
Influenza Virus Titration, Antigenic Characterization, and Serological Methods for Antibody Detection

This chapter describes some commonly used methods of influenza virus titration, antigenic characterization, and serological methods by antibody detection. These methods are essential not only for virus characterization but also for identifying new antigenic variants, vaccine strain selection, and sero-epidemiologic studies of influenza virus transmission and prevalence. Virus titration methods such as the hemagglutination assay, 50% egg or tissue culture infectious dose, and plaque assay are employed to determine the amount of virus particles in a sample. The hemagglutination inhibition assay is a reliable, relatively simple and inexpensive technique to antigenically characterize isolates of influenza viruses. Serological methods such as virus neutralization and hemagglutination inhibition are the fundamental tools used in sero-epidemiologic studies of influenza virus transmission and prevalence and in the evaluation of vaccine immunogenicity. While serological methods rarely yield an early diagnosis of acute influenza virus infection, well-timed, paired acute, and convalescent serum samples may establish the diagnosis of a recent influenza infection even when attempts to detect the virus are negative.
Understanding climate change risk perception in the USA

Public perceptions of risk from climate change are an important determinant of the willingness of citizens to support climate change mitigation and adaptation policies. Although there is a growing body of research focusing on a variety of individual, cultural, and organisational factors that affect an individual's perception of risk, only a few studies have adopted a multivariate analytical approach to understand public perceptions of climate change risks. This study extends earlier interdisciplinary research initiatives and proposes a more comprehensive, integrated model for understanding climate change risk perception. Using measures of objective risk, individual climate stress, and individual capacity, we explain public perceptions of climate change risks. The analysis is based on a national representative survey of US citizens. Geographic information systems and spatial analytical techniques are used to supplement the survey data with measures of objective risk associated with the location of each respondent. Analysis of the data using multivariate regression suggests that increased objective risk and individual capacity result in significantly higher perception of risk from climate change, whereas higher individual climate stress results in lower risk perceptions.
Multinational Enterprises as Agents of Dynamic Host Country Institutions: FDI and CSR

In this study we focus on examining how the presence of foreign multinational enterprises influences host countries’ overall extent of corporate social responsibility activities via the mediating e...
Development of Seamless Telepresence Robot Control Methods to Interact with the Environment Using Physiological Signals

Current assistive devices to help disabled people interact with the environment are complicated and cumbersome. Our approach aims to solve these problems by developing a compact and non-obtrusive wearable device to measure signals associated with human physiological gestures, and therefore generate useful commands to interact with the smart environment. Our innovation uses machine learning and non-invasive biosensors on top of the ears to identify eye movements and facial expressions. With these identified signals, users can control different applications, such as a cell phone, powered wheelchair, smart home, or other IoT (Internet of Things) devices with simple and easy operations. Combined with VR headset, the user can use our technology to control a camera-mounted telepresence robot to navigate around the environment in the first-person's view (FPV) by eye movements and facial expressions. It enables a very intuitive way of interaction totally hands-free and touch-free.
Once Daily High Dose Tigecycline Is Optimal: Tigecycline PK/PD Parameters Predict Clinical Effectiveness

Objective: The clinical effectiveness of tigecycline depends on appropriate use, and PK/PD (pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic) parameters related to dose and dosing interval. Methods: In our 600-bed university-affiliated teaching hospital, we conducted a tigecycline efficacy review over a three-month period in 34 evaluable patients. Parameters assessed included clinical response, cure or treatment failure, once daily as q12h dosing, maintenance dosing, high dose vs. standard loading regimens, adverse effects, and the effect of infectious disease consultation on outcomes. Results: We found once daily high dose tigecycline (HDT) was highly effective in treating serious systemic infections due to MDR Gram-positive/negative pathogens as well as C. difficile colitis. Adverse effects were infrequent and limited to mild nausea/vomiting. Once daily HDT was highly effective, and the few treatment failures were related to suboptimal/split dosing regimens. Conclusion: Once daily HDT was highly effective when used to treat susceptible pathogens and when optimally dosed, i.e., 200–400 mg (IV) loading dose ×1, followed by a once daily maintenance dose of 100–200 mg (IV) q24h.
An Extended Turing Test: A Context Based Approach Designed to Educate Youth in Computing

In a Science Museum / Center setting, a context based approach to an exhibit could provide the best results when trying to encourage young teens to pursue a career in a STEM Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics field. An overview of our new context based exhibit that is currently being developed along with some preliminary test results indicate that the methods used in this exhibit have drawn young teens into exploring STEM careers.
Stability of Discrete Approximations and Necessary Optimality Conditions for Delay-Differential Inclusions

This paper is devoted to the study of optimization problems for dynamical systems governed by constrained delay-differential inclusions with generally nonsmooth and nonconvex data. We provide a variational analysis of the dynamic optimization problems based on their data perturbations that involve finite-difference approximations of time-derivatives matched with the corresponding perturbations of endpoint constraints. The key issue of such an analysis is the justification of an appropriate strong stability of optimal solutions under finite-dimensional discrete approximations. We establish the required pointwise convergence of optimal solutions and obtain necessary optimality conditions for delay-differential inclusions in intrinsic Euler–Lagrange and Hamiltonian forms involving nonconvex-valued subdifferentials and coderivatives of the initial data.
On the girth of two-dimensional real algebraically defined graphs

Abstract For a polynomial f ∈ R [ X , Y ] , we define a bipartite graph Γ R ( f ) where each partite set is a copy of R 2 . Furthermore, ( a 1 , a 2 ) in the first partite set is adjacent to [ x 1 , x 2 ] in the second if and only if a 2 + x 2 = f ( a 1 , x 1 ) . The main result of this paper is that every graph Γ R ( f ) has girth 4 or 6, and moreover we classify infinite families of such graphs by girth.
A glossary of user-centered design strategies for implementation experts

User-centered design (UCD), a discipline that seeks to ground the design of an innovation in information about the people who will ultimately use that innovation, has great potential to improve the translation of evidence-based practices from behavioral medicine research for implementation in health care settings. UCD is a diverse, innovative field that remains highly variable in terms of language and approaches. Ultimately, we produced a glossary of UCD-related strategies specifically for experts in implementation research and practice, with the goal of promoting interdisciplinary collaboration in implementation efforts. We conducted a focused literature review to identify key concepts and specific strategies of UCD to translate into the implementation field. We also categorized the strategies as primarily targeting one or more levels of the implementation process (i.e., interventions, individuals, inner context, and outer context). Ultimately, we produced a glossary of 30 UCD strategies for implementation experts. Each glossary term is accompanied by a short, yet comprehensive, definition. The strategies and their definitions are illustrated, using a hypothetical behavioral medicine intervention as an example, for each of the four levels of the implementation process. This UCD glossary may prove useful to implementation experts who wish to develop effective collaborations and "shared language" with UCD experts to enhance use of behavioral medicine research in health services. Directions for future research are also discussed.
Registering Reconstructions of the Two Sides of Fruit Tree Rows

We consider the problem of building accurate three dimensional (3D)reconstructions of orchard rows. This problem arises in many applications including yield mapping and measuring traits (e.g. trunk diameters)for phenotyping. While 3D reconstructions of side views can be obtained using standard methods, merging the two side-views is difficult due to the lack of overlap between the two partial reconstructions. We present a novel method that utilizes global features to constrain the solution. Specifically, we use information from the silhouettes and the ground plane for alignment. The method is evaluated using multiple simulated and real datasets. For additional information and demonstration of experimental results please see https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6mGMF2gFv4M.
Why does stock-market investor sentiment influence corporate investment?

We examine the relationship between corporate investment and investor sentiment at the firm level with the predicted change in investor sentiment. Empirically, we find that there is a large predictable mean reversion component in investor sentiment, and that a predicted increase in investor sentiment, capturing an unwinding of past market sentiment, positively affects the investment and debt issuance of firms with lower credit ratings, but not their equity issuance. Our results suggest that the positive relationship between investor sentiment and corporate investment may be due to that corporate managers are also driven by investor sentiment.
A total eclipse of the heart: compensation strategies in entrepreneurial nonprofits

Abstract We examine how shifting resource dependencies influence compensation strategy during commercial transitions within entrepreneurial nonprofits. Analyzing a longitudinal sample of 4732 organizations, we show how compensation strategies shift non-linearly as nonprofits transition from contributed resource dependence to market-based resource dependence. Dynamic quadratic models unveil a dual threshold of commercialization concerning this transition. Nonprofits at moderate stages of commercialization contend with competing dependencies from both contributed and market-based sources, resulting in a decrease in compensation spending and an increase in part-time employment. At higher stages, contributed resource dependence is eclipsed by market-based dependence, reflected in increasing compensation spending and full-time employment.
The aesthetics of surprise in Waller’s ‘Song’ (‘Go, lovely Rose’):

Edmund Waller’s ‘Song’ (‘Go, lovely Rose’) ends shockingly: when the rose, which had been acting as a gently chiding intermediary between the speaker and the beloved, is suddenly commanded to peris...
Improving Health Outcomes and Quality of Life for African Adolescents: The Role of Digital and Mobile Games

Quality of life has been defined as a multi-dimensional concept, that includes domains related to physical, mental, emotional, and social dimensions (Karimi & Brazier, Pharmacoeconomics, 2016). Along with other prominent factors such as labor market opportunities, education, and housing, health has been identified as a paramount and modifiable factor that can improve the quality of life for not only individuals, but for communities and nations as a whole (African Development Bank Group, Annual development effectiveness review 2017: transforming Africa, 2017). Though adolescents in Africa have experienced increases in access to education, more job opportunities, and longer lifespans when compared to previous generations, many inter-connected factors continue to adversely affect their quality of life. Furthermore, given that these adolescents are growing up in a different generation, novel approaches and interventions to impact and improve their health, well-being, and ultimately quality of life are sorely needed. This chapter will explore: (1) general definitions of well-being and its relation to factors associated with quality of life; (2) adolescents in Africa; (3) health burdens in Africa; (4) Serious Games; (5) Games for health on a global scale and (6) Games for health in Africa. In this chapter the term adolescent will refer to those individuals who are 10–19 years old and the term young people will include those who are 20–24 years old.
Another Consequence of AP in Residually Small, Congruence Modular Varieties

Let 3⁄4 be a congruence modular variety satisfying (C2) whose two generated free algebra is finite. If 3⁄4 has AP and RS then 3⁄4 has (R). Here (C2) and (R) are two properties defined in terms of the commutator in modular varieties. In this paper we continue the investigation of residually small, congruence modular varieties with the amalgamation property. In [1] we showed that RS + AP • CEP in a congruence modular variety that satisfied 3 crucial properties: (C2), (R) and 4-finiteness (defined below). The purpose of this paper is to show that the assumption that the variety satisfies (R) follows from the remaining ones. Following the proof of Corollary 9, we present a detailed example that may aid in the comprehension of the arguments. We use fairly standard notation of universal algebra. Algebras are denoted by boldface latin letters and their underlying sets by the lightface equivalent. Con(A) denotes the lattice of congruences of the algebra A, with smallest and largest congruences 0 and 1. Congruences are represented by lower case Greek letters. c• A/3, c• V/3 and [c•,/3] are the meet, join and commutator of the congruences • and ,J. In a congruence modular variety, the commutator is a binary operation with a number of powerful properties. See [2, Section 4] or [4, Section 6] for the details and proofs. We say that an algebra A has property (C2) if for all c•,• C Con(A), [c•,/3] = c• A/3 A [1,1], and has property (R) if for all subalgebras B of A, [1^, 1^] IB = [lB, lB]. A variety ]2 has (C2) or (R) just in case every member has the property. We comment hat [1^, I^]IB > [lB, lB] holds for all algebras A and subalgebras B, thus (R) asserts the reverse inclusion. We say a variety ]2 is n-finite if the ]Y-free algebra on n generators is finite, where n is a natural number. If f: A -• B is a homomorphism
186-OR: Safety and Tolerability of the Next Generation Aldose Reductase Inhibitor (ARI) AT-001 Supports Initiation of the Pivotal Trial in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy (DbCM)

The role of Aldose Reductase in diabetes complications, including DbCM is well established. Older generation ARIs were unsuccessful due to lack of selectivity, resulting in off-target toxicity, such as renal and hepatic toxicity, and hypersensitivity reactions. AT-001 is a next generation ARI with improved selectivity and ∼1,000X higher potency. In preclinical studies, AT-001 demonstrated significant reduction of cardiac damage with no off-target inhibition. The safety, tolerability, PK, and PD of AT-001 were assessed in a phase 1/2, three-part, randomized, placebo controlled study (n=120) in adults with type 2 diabetes. AT-001 induced dose-dependent inhibition of sorbitol, the PD biomarker of AR activity. All doses and dosing regimens were well-tolerated. There were no treatment-related serious adverse events (AEs) and no AEs causing discontinuation of study treatment. No clinically relevant changes in liver and kidney function were reported [Table]. The study results support further clinical development to explore potential use of AT-001 as an emerging therapeutic strategy in preventing diabetes complications. A pivotal phase 2/3 study, ARISE-HF (NCT04083339) was initiated to evaluate the safety and efficacy of two doses of AT-001 vs. placebo to improve or prevent the decline of functional capacity in adults with DbCM. Disclosure R. Perfetti: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Applied Therapeutics. F.C. Lawson: Employee; Self; Applied Therapeutics. J. Rosenstock: Research Support; Self; AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech, Inc., GlaxoSmithKline plc., Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Oramed Pharmaceuticals, PegBio Co., Ltd., Pfizer Inc., REMD Biotherapeutics. Other Relationship; Self; Applied Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company, Intarcia Therapeutics, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novo Nordisk Inc., Sanofi. J. Januzzi: Consultant; Self; Roche Diagnostic USA. Research Support; Self; Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. S. Shendelman: Employee; Self; Applied Therapeutics. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Applied Therapeutics. S. Wang: Employee; Self; Applied Therapeutics. A.F. Ghannam: Employee; Self; Applied Therapeutics Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Sanofi US. Funding Applied Therapeutics (NCT04083339)
The Impact of Video Gaming Terminals on Casinos and State and Local Tax Revenue

In 2012, Illinois passed legislation allowing video gaming terminals (VGTs) outside of casinos. This legislation was passed to increase tax revenues from gambling in a market that had seen decrease...
“I Definitely Did Not Report It When I Was Raped . . . #WeBelieveChristine #MeToo”: A Content Analysis of Disclosures of Sexual Assault on Twitter:

The “Me Too” movement, founded by activist Tarana Burke, began in 2006, before Twitter became the viral platform for political activism and news media that it is known for today. The reemergence of...
Picturebook Adaptations of Aesop Fables: An Analysis of Morrison and Pinkney’s Adaptations of Three Classic Tales

This article examines the reconstruction of human foibles in picturebook adaptations of three popular Aesop’s fables: “The Ants and the Grasshopper”, “The Lion and the Mouse”, and “The Hare and the Tortoise”. Adopting adaptation and globalectics perspectives, the author illustrates how social hierarchy is deconstructed in these fables where the authors use anthropomorphic animals to moralize about the human condition. Thus, although the adaptations reiterate lessons from the original source material, they deliberately undermine and/or expand the lessons by integrating sociocultural signifiers that situate Black aesthetics at the core of the narratives. The article examines six picturebook adaptations by award-winning artists, Toni and Slade Morrison, and Jerry Pinkney.
IDH1 mutant glioma is preferentially sensitive to the HDAC inhibitor panobinostat

A large subset of diffusely infiltrative gliomas contains a gain-of-function mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 or 2 (IDH1/2mut) which produces 2-hydroxglutarate, an inhibitor of α-ketoglutarate-dependent DNA demethylases, thereby inducing widespread DNA and histone methylation. Because histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes are localized to methylated chromatin via methyl-binding domain proteins, IDH1/2mut gliomas may be more dependent on HDAC activity, and therefore may be more sensitive to HDAC inhibitors. Six cultured patient-derived glioma cell lines, IDH1wt (n = 3) and IDH1mut (n = 3), were treated with an FDA-approved HDAC inhibitor, panobinostat. Cellular cytotoxicity and proliferation assays were conducted by flow cytometry. Histone modifications and cell signaling pathways were assessed using immunoblot and/or ELISA. IDH1mut gliomas exhibited marked upregulation of genes associated with the HDAC activity. Glioma cell cultures bearing IDH1mut were significantly more sensitive to the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of panobinostat, compared to IDH1wt glioma cells. Panobinostat caused a greater increase in acetylation of the histone residues H3K14, H3K18, and H3K27 in IDH1mut glioma cells. Another HDAC inhibitor, valproic acid, was also more effective against IDH1mut glioma cells. These data suggest that IDH1mut gliomas may be preferentially sensitive to HDAC inhibitors. Further, IDH1mut glioma cultures showed enhanced accumulation of acetylated histone residues in response to panobinostat treatment, suggesting a direct epigenetic mechanism for this sensitivity. This provides a rationale for further exploration of HDAC inhibitors against IDH1mut gliomas.
Field Trials With 0.5% Novaluron Insecticide Applied as a Bait to Control Subterranean Termites (Reticulitermes sp. and Coptotermes formosanus [Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae]) on Structures.

A field study was initiated in 2009 with 0.5% novaluron the BASF Advance Termite Bait System, which was 100% effective in controlling Reticulitermes sp. Holmgren and Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki infestations on 11 structures in the Texas City, TX area. Stations with inspection cartridges (cellulose tablets) and monitoring bases (southern yellow pine) and independent monitoring devices were installed in an alternating pattern around each structure and were inspected every 30 d postinstallation. When subterranean termite activity was confirmed on the inspection cartridge or the monitoring base, the inspection cartridge was removed and replaced with a bait cartridge containing 0.5% novaluron insecticide on a proprietary matrix (124 g/cartridge) in a station. Once the novaluron-treated bait was inserted, inspections of that station were made on a 4-mo cycle until no termite activity was observed. The mean time to achieve control of the subterranean termites on the structures was 10.5 mo post initial installation of bait. Mean time to achieve control of the termites on the structures after the baits were installed was 5.4 mo. Control of the termites on the structures required consumption of a mean of 1.3 bait cartridges (166.2 g) of 0.5% novaluron bait matrix per structure. These results indicate that the baits with 0.5% novaluron were effective in controlling termites on the structures used in this study.
Pulmonary Infections Caused by Lancefield Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcus

Streptococci are important pulmonary pathogens, causing epidemic pneumonias since the sixteenth century. For most of the twentieth century their clinical importance as a cause of pyogenic pneumonia has been in the setting of military populations in camps. Recently, some beta streptococci have become associated with more virulent human disease in the general population including pneumonia. The mortality of untreated streptococcal pneumonia is between 20 and 30%. The use of appropriate antibiotics reduces this mortality to less than 2–3%. For this reason alone, the medical practitioner must be aware of the nature of streptococci as a pulmonary pathogen.
An empirical study of corporate Web site usability

Although corporate Web sites play many important roles in the modern business world, there is a surprising lack of empirical studies on their user interface. This study collected data from 50 Web sites owned by large international organizations. Analysis of the study's data: (1) provides an overview of the trends in corporate Web site design, (2) shows that many Web developers voluntarily adopt certain design conventions, and (3) indicates that most corporate Web sites do not make good use of multimedia capability. It further shows that, although some usability principles have been implemented, there is much room for improvement.
Thermal Conductivity of Oriented Fibrous Carbon Insulation from 300 to 1300°K in Nitrogen and Argon at One Atmosphere

The thermal conductivity, lambda , of three samples of oriented fibrous carbon insulation of possible interest to fusion reactors was measured from 300 to 1300 deg K in a radial heat-flow apparatus. Samples of 0.18 g/cm/sup 3/ density were prepared by a vacuum filtration process from carbon fibers and powdered phenolic resin and were characterized after carbonization. The lambda of these low-density composites depended on both the heat treatment temperature and the fiber orientation. For samples heat treated at 1575 deg K, the room- temperature lambda perpendicular to the planes of fibers was ~0.5 mW/(cm deg K) and was three times as high in the direction parallel to the planes. At 1000 deg K, the lambda in both directions had doubled, primarily because of the positive d lambda /dT of the amorphous carbon fibers. Material heat treated at 2775 deg K had a significantly higher room-temperature lambda and a negative d lambda /dT, indicating that a slight degree of ordering or graphitization had occurred in the fibers during heat treatment. At high temperatures, the lambda of all three samples increased markedly because of radiative heat transport. (11 figures, 3 tables) (auth)
A 622 Mb/s 4.5 pA//spl radic/Hz CMOS transimpedance amplifier [for optical receiver front-end]

High-speed transimpedance amplifiers (TIAs) used at the front end of optical fiber receivers present design challenges in the form of trade-offs between input noise current, speed, transimpedance gain, power dissipation, and supply voltage. This transimpedance amplifier in 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS exhibits 4.5 pA//spl radic/Hz average input noise current, 622 Mb/s data rate, and 8.7 k/spl Omega/ transimpedance gain while dissipating 30 mW from a 3 V supply.