cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Developments in source monitoring: the role of thinking of others.

Abstract Adults’ source judgments are more accurate when they focus on speakers’ emotions than when adults focus on their own emotions. Focusing on speakers may lead to better source memory because it encourages processing of the perceptual characteristics of the source and binding of that information to the content of what is being said. The purpose of the current work was to evaluate whether young children’s source memory similarly benefits from this outward encoding focus and whether this effect changes developmentally. In Experiment 1, when 4- and 5-year-olds heard an audiotape of two dissimilar speakers, only the 5-year-olds showed better source memory when asked to adopt an other-focus. In Experiment 2, when 4- and 5-year-olds watched a videotape of two similar speakers, the same pattern was found. However, in Experiment 3, when 4-year-olds watched a videotape of two dissimilar speakers (a more optimal encoding condition in which 5-year-olds showed ceiling performance), 4-year-olds benefited from taking an other-focus during encoding. Overall, the data suggest that the benefit for source memory of focusing on another person develops over the preschool years.
Iterative methods for logarithmic subtraction

The logarithmic number system (LNS) offers much better performance (in terms of power, speed and area) than floating point for multiplication, division, powers and roots. Moderate-precision addition (of like signs) in LNS generally can be done with table lookup followed by interpolation, whose implementation can be as, or more, efficient than the equivalent precision floating-point adder. The problem with LNS is the size of the table needed for subtraction. We consider iterative methods for logarithmic subtraction. The basis for the novel methods proposed here is that the subtraction logarithm is the inverse of the addition logarithm. Although the mathematics for this kind of logarithmic subtraction were first described during the time of Gauss, no modern designer has implemented an algorithm, like the one proposed here, which performs a binary search followed by an inverse interpolation. Additionally, we propose a novel initialization step for the binary search, which doubles the speed of the algorithm compared to a name, implementation. Combining the proposed method with other iterative methods may reduce the average execution time further. Synthesis results indicate the proposed methods are feasible for FPGA implementation.
On the interface debond at the edge of a thin film on a thick substrate

Abstract The failure by debonding of 400 nm Al thin films on 152 μm-thick polyimide substrates has been studied in uniaxial tension experiments. To explain the edge debond of the Al film, the shear stress field along the film–substrate interface is determined. An analytical solution for the stress field exhibits a square root singularity near the free edges. The associated stress intensity factor is calculated in closed form by an asymptotic analysis. For a given loading, the stress intensity factor decreases with increasing length-to-thickness ratio of the film, and with decreasing film-to-substrate stiffness ratio. Governed by a single, dimensionless parameter, these trends are reported quantitatively in the form of a plot. Close correspondence is found for the interfacial shear stresses predicted by the presented method and by a finite element analysis.
Specific Substitutions at Amino Acid 256 of the Sarcoplasmic/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Transport ATPase Mediate Resistance to Thapsigargin in Thapsigargin-resistant Hamster Cells

High levels of resistance to thapsigargin (TG), a specific inhibitor of intracellular Ca2+ transport ATPases (SERCAs), can be developed in culture by stepwise exposure of mammalian cells to increasing concentrations of TG. We have identified, in two independently selected TG-resistant hamster cell lines of different lineages, mutant forms of SERCA. In the TG-resistant Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cell line DC-3F/TG, a T --> C change at nucleotide 766 introduces a Phe256 --> Leu alteration within the first cytosolic loop of the SERCA. In contrast, in the TG-resistant Syrian hamster smooth muscle cell line DDT/TG 4 microM, a T --> C change at nucleotide 767 introduces a Phe256 --> Ser mutation at that position. When these specific mutations are introduced into a wild-type full-length avian SERCA1 cDNA, transfection experiments reveal that Ca2+ transport function and ATP hydrolytic activity are not altered by such mutations. However, a 4-5-fold resistance to TG inhibition of Ca2+ transport function occurs upon the introduction of either the Phe256 --> Leu or the Phe256 --> Ser mutation into wild-type SERCA1. These specific mutations also render the hydrolytic activity of the ATPase resistant to inhibition by TG. Our results not only implicate amino acid 256 in TG-SERCA interactions, but also demonstrate that specific mutations within SERCA can mediate resistance to TG.
Molecular weight of T7 and calf thymus DNA by low-angle light scattering.

A low-angle light-scattering instrument has been used to measure molecular weights of native calf-thymus and T7 DNA. Molecular weights obtained by extrapolation of angular data to 0° from measurements above 30° are less than molecular weights from extrapolation of data taken at low angles (below 30°). The low-angle molecular weights determined for calf-thymus DNA and for T7 DNA agree well with estimates of weight-average molecular weight obtained with other techniques. The low-angle light-scattering molecular weight for calf-thymus DNA is higher than previously reported values by light scattering at angles above 30°. A concentration dependence in the scattering from DNA solutions is also observed.
Meteorological and Chemical Factors Influencing Cloudwater Composition in a Non-Precipitating, Liquid-Water Updraft

An aqueous chemical model has been combined with an entraining updraft model to predict cloudwater composition above cloud base. Meteorological factors such as liquid water content, entrainment, pressure and temperature were allowed to vary as they might in a cloudy environment. Chemical reactions producing sulphuric acid, formic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are extremely sensitive to the microphysical, dynamical, and radiative properties within a cloud. Several sulphate production pathways are sensitive to cloudwater pH, which is largely determined by sulphate aerosol concentration and cloud liquid water content. Hydrogen peroxide production may occur in both the gas and aqueous phase, and is sensitive to the amount of light available to initiate photochemical reactions. Near cloud base, H2O2 may be rapidly destroyed by SO2 in polluted areas. At higher cloud levels, where light intensities are higher and SO2 concentrations are usually lower, H2O2 may be produced at rates of up to 0.5 ppb h~l. Vertical or horizontal variations in meteorological factors alone will produce significant changes in cloudwater composition. Entrainment of cleaner mid-tropospheric air, pressure reductions, and increases in liquid water content lead to a decrease in solute concentrations in cloudwater. In contrast, reductions in temperature and aqueous-phase acid generation cause solute concentrations to increase in cloudwater. At high altitude sites, the composition of cloudwater will vary significantly with altitude. Near cloud base, concentrations of sulphate and nitrate in cloudwater will probably be highest, although cloud liquid water contents and droplet sizes will be lower. At higher elevations above cloud base, liquid water contents and drop sizes are larger, while solute concentrations may be lower. These model estimates suggest that several chemical, cloud-dynamical and cloud-microphysical parameters must be well characterised in order to predict cloudwater composition.
A Planar Magnetic Content Addressable Memory Cell

In this paper, we present a novel magnetic content addressable memory (MCAM) cell design. The proposed MCAM cell consists of a magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ), where both magnets are programmable. The synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) structure is used for the top magnet of MTJ, which can be programmed in toggle mode by externally applied field. The bottom MTJ magnet is programmed by the magnetic fringe field from a programming line underneath the bottom magnet. The domain wall motion in the programming line is driven by the spin-polarized current. The feasibility of the proposed operation has been demonstrated by numerical micromagnetic simulation. The simulation results show a 2times margins on both top and bottom magnets programming field/current in the proposed planar MCAM cell design.
Molecular physiology of intestinal Na+/H+ exchange

▪ Abstract The sodium/hydrogen exchange (NHE) gene family plays an integral role in neutral sodium absorption in the mammalian intestine. The NHE gene family is comprised of nine members that are categorized by cellular localization (i.e., plasma membrane or intracellular). In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of multiple species, there are resident plasma membrane isoforms including NHE1 (basolateral) and NHE2 (apical), recycling isoforms (NHE3), as well as intracellular isoforms (NHE6, 7, 9). NHE3 recycles between the endosomal compartment and the apical plasma membrane and functions in both locations. NHE3 regulation occurs during normal digestive processes and is often inhibited in diarrheal diseases. The C terminus of NHE3 binds multiple regulatory proteins to form large protein complexes that are involved in regulation of NHE3 trafficking to and from the plasma membrane, turnover number, and protein phosphorylation. NHE1 and NHE2 are not regulated by trafficking. NHE1 interacts with multiple regulator...
Energy-based hybrid control for the RTAC system: experimental results

The concept of an energy-based hybrid controller involves a hybrid controller that emulates an approximately lossless hybrid dynamical system and exploits the feature that the states of the dynamic controller may be reset to enhance the overall energy dissipation in the closed-loop system. Specifically, the controller accumulates the emulated energy and when the states of the controller coincide with a high emulated energy level, then we can reset these states to remove the emulated energy so that the emulated energy is not returned to the plant. In this paper, we present a general framework for such energy-based hybrid control for lossless systems and implement it in real time on the rotational/translational proof-mass actuator (RTAC) system. The obtained experimental results agree with the theory and show the efficacy of the presented theoretical framework.
Toward systems neuroscience of ADHD: a meta-analysis of 55 fMRI studies.

ObjectiveThe authors performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of task-based functional MRI studies of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodThe authors searched PubMed, Ovid, EMBASE, Web of Science, ERIC, CINAHAL, and NeuroSynth for studies published through June 30, 2011. Significant differences in brain region activation between individuals with ADHD and comparison subjects were detected using activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Dysfunctional regions in ADHD were related to seven reference neuronal systems. The authors performed a set of meta-analyses focused on age groups (children and adults), clinical characteristics (history of stimulant treatment and presence of psychiatric comorbidities), and specific neuropsychological tasks (inhibition, working memory, and vigilance/attention).ResultsFifty-five studies were included (39 for children and 16 for adults). In children, hypoactivation in ADHD relative to comparison subjects was observed mostly in systems involved in executi...
Building Environmental Information Systems: Myths and Interdisciplinary Lessons

With databases and information systems playing an increasing role in large scientific research projects, there is a growing stake in understanding how to design a useful information system and in broadening our understanding of what constitutes the scientific work involved in building these systems. Both experience and theory indicate that non-technical considerations, such as management and communication structures, are as important as technical decisions in system development. We examine four case examples of environmental information system development: the Ocean Biogeographic Information System, the Long Term Ecological Research Network, the California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigation, and SeamountsOnline. We then draw from a wide interdisciplinary literature, including science and technology studies and social informatics, to identify common myths and misconceptions about system development and consider alternatives. Our goal is both to provide a set of concrete models and a theoretical foundation useful to other projects
Alpha-SER modeling and simulation for sub-0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS technology

Soft errors (single event upset) due to alpha particles from radioactive impurities in packaging materials were first observed on DRAMs. While terrestrial cosmic rays also cause soft errors and dominate logic circuit soft-error rate (SER), alpha-SER contributes significantly to SRAM circuit total SER and increases at a higher rate as processing technology advances to sub-0.25 /spl mu/m feature sizes where even logic nodes become susceptible to alpha strikes. In sub-0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS and beyond, with continuous reduction in supply voltage, decrease in node capacitance, and increase in chip size and transistor count, alpha-SER has become a major reliability concern for logic products. As complex logic products such as microprocessors have numerous circuit types and sizes, accurate and efficient prediction of product SER by comprehending both microscopic charge collection physics and circuit response is both critical and a challenging task. This paper presents a comprehensive modeling and simulation approach, including: (1) circuit critical charge (Qcrit) simulation methodology, (2) compact model for alpha strike charge generation and collection, and (3) statistical algorithms for FIT (failure-in-time) rate simulation. We also present compact model calibration methods and validation using Lawrence Livermore National Lab alpha beams as well as experimentally measured FIT rates of SRAMs in three technology generations. This paper reports the alpha-SER saturation effect, which is extremely critical for future technology planning. Moreover, many of the concepts and models discussed here can be extended to neutron-SER prediction.
Hyperinsulinism in mice with genetically determined obesity.

Blood glucose, plasma insulin and pancreatic insulin content in obese mice (obob) have been measured at various ages and compared to results from normal mice. Plasma insulin of obese mice was 8- to 30-fold higher than controls at all ages and irrespective of concurrent hyperglycemia. Pancreatic insulin of obese mice was lower than in controls at 6 weeks, equaled results for controls at 7 weeks, and exceeded controls at 9 weeks and thereafter. Immunoassay of plasma and pancreatic insulin of obese mice gave curves that paralleled those for insulin of normal mice. The hypoglycemic effect of pancreatic insulin of obese mice was commensurate with its immunoreactive potency. Intraperitoneal glucose administration caused no further rise in plasma insulin of obese mice. Endogenous glycemia caused a greater rate of insulin secretion in obese mice than did acute or sustained hyperglycemia in normal mice. It is suggested that hyperinsulinism in obese mice may be due to a primary abnormality in islet cell function ra...
Line movements and market timing in the baseball gambling market.

This article analyzes betting strategies based on line movements in Major League Baseball and tests for possible evidence of informed bettors. Overall line movements from open to close, first movements, and last movements are studied for the 2003 season for a Las Vegas sportsbook and for the 2006 season for an offshore sportsbook. In the Las Vegas sportsbook, betting against first movements to favorites and betting with last movements to underdogs generates statistically significant profits. The offshore sportsbook appears to be efficient, with the only strategy generating positive, but insignificant returns, being betting against first movements to favorites. Differences between the offshore and Las Vegas betting markets are discussed.
Persistence and loose coupling in living systems

In line with current efforts to achieve a general view of living systems the degree of coupling is considered using specific examples at the levels of cell and organ, organism and group, organization and society. Loose coupling among systems, similar to Ashby's concept of independence, contributes to stability by allowing persistent behavior of the system in the face of certain inputs. It can be achieved either actively, by having a more tightly coupled subsystem which compensates for a given category of input by negative feedback, or passively, by an arrangement which allows certain variables only limited access to the system. The evolution of adaptive and maladaptive degrees of coupling in different systems is discussed.
A set of broadly applicable microsatellite markers for analyzing the structure of Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) populations.

Microsatellite markers were isolated and developed fromCulexpipiensquinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) sampled in Johannesburg, South Africa, to identify those that are broadly useful for analyzing Cx. pipiens complex populations between continents. Suitable loci should be 1) inherited in a codominant Mendelian manner, 2) polymorphic, 3) selectively neutral, 4) randomly associated, 5) without null alleles, and 6) applicable across broad regions and between diverse biotypes. Loci in Cx. p. quinquefasciatus from Johannesburg ranged from two to 17 alleles per locus and expected heterozygosities (He) were 0.02Ð 0.87. Loci in Cx. p. pipiens L. from Johannesburg had Þve to 19 alleles per locus and He values ranging from 0.57 to 0.93, whereas those from George, South Africa, had Þve to 17 alleles per locus and He values ranging from 0.54 to 0.88. Loci in North American mosquitoes were more variable. Cx. p. quinquefasciatus from South Carolina had Þve to 19 alleles per locus and He values ranging from 0.64 to 0.90, whereas Cx. p. pipiens from Massachusetts had six to 28 alleles per locus and with He values ranging from 0.65 to 0.94. All loci were associated randomly. Overall, four of nine of these new loci satisÞed all six criteria for broad utility for analyzing the genetic structure of Cx. pipiens populations.
Climate change impacts on nesting and internesting leatherback sea turtles using 3D animated computational fluid dynamics and finite volume heat transfer

Abstract Shifting suitable range limits under global warming will threaten many species. Modeling and mapping these potential range shifts is important for conservation. As global warming will introduce new sets of abiotic conditions, predictive empirical niche models may not perform well and the best method to model a specie's projected range shifts may be to model their fundamental niche with a biophysical mechanistic niche model. However, this class of model requires many physiological parameters that are difficult to measure for species not easily kept in captivity. It is also difficult to estimate these parameters for marine species given the interactions among their in-water motion, metabolism, and heat transfer. To surmount these difficulties, we use our previously verified novel technique combining 3D digital design, computational fluid dynamics, and finite volume heat transfer modeling to find animal core temperatures. We then use this method to build a fundamental niche map for internesting and nesting leatherback sea turtles (Dermochelys coriacea). With these niche maps we analyze three main nesting areas. We show that global warming poses a large overheating risk to leatherbacks in Southeast Asia, a slight risk to leatherbacks in the West Atlantic and a low risk to leatherbacks in the East Atlantic. We also show that the impact may be less on leatherbacks that shift their nesting location or who are smaller. Methods such these are important to produce efficiently and economically accurate maps of regions that will become inhospitable to species under global warming conditions.
Neuroendovascular Interventions for Acute Ischemic Strokes in Patients Supported with Left Ventricular Assist Devices: A Single-Center Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Background With the shortage of donor hearts, increasingly more patients with end-stage heart failure are implanted with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). LVADs are associated with a significant risk of developing acute ischemic strokes (AISs). Very little is known on about the management of AIS in patients with LVAD, especially with regard to the safety and efficacy of neuroendovascular techniques. Methods We identified 5 patients with heart failure and LVAD implants who developed AIS and underwent neuroendovascular interventions at Columbia University Medical Center. Their cases were reviewed for the safety, efficacy of the interventions, and potential complications. Results There were no significant complications from the interventions. In all 5 cases, there was at least a 4-point improvement in the National Institutes of Health Stroke scale and none of the cases developed symptomatic hemorrhage. Two patients had substantial improvement and received cardiac transplantations. Conclusions Neuroendovascular intervention is safe and feasible in patients with LVAD and may potentially contribute to improving the outcome of a disease that has a poor natural history. Further study is recommended.
GPU-Based Parallel Collision Detection for Real-Time Motion Planning

We present parallel algorithms to accelerate collision queries for sample-based motion planning. Our approach is designed for current many-core GPUs and exploits the data-parallelism and multi-threaded capabilities. In order to take advantage of high number of cores, we present a clustering scheme and collision-packet traversal to perform efficient collision queries on multiple configurations simultaneously. Furthermore, we present a hierarchical traversal scheme that performs workload balancing for high parallel efficiency. We have implemented our algorithms on commodity NVIDIA GPUs using CUDA and can perform 500,000 collision queries/second on our benchmarks, which is 10X faster than prior GPU-based techniques. Moreover, we can compute collision-free paths for rigid and articulated models in less than 100 milliseconds for many benchmarks, almost 50-100X faster than current CPU-based planners.
The Little Match Girl in a Doll’s World! Hans Christian Andersen and Jean Renoir

Remediation into film of the Danish author Hans Christian Andersen’s many fairytales often accentuate his quaint or sentimental tendencies. In a silent film adaptation of “The Little Match Girl” the French filmmaker Jean Renoir transports us into an avant-garde world of consumerism and commodification that seems at odds with Andersen’s original vision. Yet Renoir’s film is remarkably resonant with Andersen’s own pre-cinematic imagination even as it produces a different inflection of the uncanny. The match girl is turned into a femme enfant fatale and her illuminated visions are redirected away from the comforts of home to a world of artifice and melodrama.
Hydrodynamical Stability of Salt Wedge

The hydrodynamical stability of a salt wedge is examined in terms of a simple example consisting of two layers of fluids in uniform shear. The upper fluid is lighter than the lower fluid and is bounded by a free surface at the top. Salt wedge stability has been studied through the growing and decaying modes of the system. Neutral stability curves have been established in terms of the dimensionless parameter, the wave number, and the thickness ratio of the upper layer to the shear layer. The stabilizing influences of the free surface and the interface have been found to be dependent on the wave number. Critical values of the dimensionless parameter have been predicted to occur between 0.1 and 0.6 (depending on the thickness of the upper layer), below which stable flows can persist; its minimum value (0.1) agrees with the experimental measurements made by Esch.
Reduction of Cu2+ and Ni2+ In Zeolite Y Using Polyol Process: A New Approach In The Preparation Of Metal Supported Catalysts

Zeolite NaY was exchanged with three levels of Cu2+ and Ni2+ ions which were subsequently reduced in ethylene glycol (polyol process) at 195°C. This process effectively reduced the transition metal ions to zerovalent forms and the degree of reduction was dependent on the amount of exchange and the location of transition metal ions. Polyol process was found to be more efficient in reducing these ions located in zeolite cages than commonly used molecular hydrogen. Comparison of reduction behavior of Cu2+ and Ni2+ ions indicated that better metal dispersion in NaY can be achieved for Ni2+ than Cu2+ by the polyol process.
Random Partition Distribution Indexed by Pairwise Information

ABSTRACTWe propose a random partition distribution indexed by pairwise similarity information such that partitions compatible with the similarities are given more probability. The use of pairwise similarities, in the form of distances, is common in some clustering algorithms (e.g., hierarchical clustering), but we show how to use this type of information to define a prior partition distribution for flexible Bayesian modeling. A defining feature of the distribution is that it allocates probability among partitions within a given number of subsets, but it does not shift probability among sets of partitions with different numbers of subsets. Our distribution places more probability on partitions that group similar items yet keeps the total probability of partitions with a given number of subsets constant. The distribution of the number of subsets (and its moments) is available in closed-form and is not a function of the similarities. Our formulation has an explicit probability mass function (with a tractable...
Activation of ERK and NF-κB during HARE-Mediated Heparin Uptake Require Only One of the Four Endocytic Motifs

Fifteen different ligands, including heparin (Hep), are cleared from lymph and blood by the Hyaluronan (HA) Receptor for Endocytosis (HARE; derived from Stabilin-2 by proteolysis), which contains four endocytic motifs (M1-M4). Endocytosis of HARE•Hep complexes is targeted to coated pits by M1, M2, and M3 (Pandey et al, Int. J. Cell Biol. 2015, article ID 524707), which activates ERK1/2 and NF-κB (Pandey et al J. Biol. Chem. 288, 14068-79, 2013). Here, we used a NF-κB promoter-driven luciferase gene assay and cell lines expressing different HARE cytoplasmic domain mutants to identify motifs needed for Hep-mediated signaling. Deletion of M1, M2 or M4 singly had no effect on Hep-mediated ERK1/2 activation, whereas signaling (but not uptake) was eliminated in HARE(ΔM3) cells lacking NPLY2519. ERK1/2 signaling in cells expressing WT HARE(Y2519A) or HARE(Y2519A) lacking M1, M2 and M4 (containing M3-only) was decreased by 75% or eliminated, respectively. Deletion of M3 (but not M1, M2 or M4) also inhibited the formation of HARE•Hep•ERK1/2 complexes by 67%. NF-κB activation by HARE-mediated uptake of Hep, HA, dermatan sulfate or acetylated LDL was unaffected in single-motif deletion mutants lacking M1, M2 or M4. In contrast, cells expressing HARE(ΔM3) showed loss of HARE-mediated NF-κB activation during uptake of each of these four ligands. NF-κB activation by the four signaling ligands was also eliminated in HARE(Y2519A) or HARE(M3-only;Y2519A) cells. We conclude that the HARE NPLY2519 motif is necessary for both ERK1/2 and NF-κB signaling and that Tyr2519 is critical for these functions.
119 HEMATOLOGIC AND RENAL RECOVERY IN A PATIENT WITH LIGHT-CHAIN MULTIPLE MYELOMA AND END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE AFTER TWO CONSECUTIVE STEM CELL TRANSPLANTS.

We describe here an interesting case of multiple myeloma with end-stage renal disease who responded to two consecutive stem cell transplantations. A 69-year-old white male presented in May 2000 with generalized malaise and acute renal failure Workup revealed light-chain multiple myeloma. Bone marrow examination revealed > 90% atypical plasma cells. Blood tests showed β2-microglobulin of 35.5. Twenty-four-hour urine examination revealed kappa light chain, with total protein excretion of 2,400 mg. Patients received four cycles of VAD (vincristine, Adriamycin, and Decadron) chemotherapy with partial response, followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplant in October 2000. Conditioning regimen was melphalan 140 mg/m2. The patient was in complete remission post-transplant. Hemodialysis was continued for persistent renal failure until March 2002. Renal function improved gradually, and the patient remained in remission and free of hemodialysis. In September 2005, he had a recurrence of his renal failure and multiple myeloma. Hemodialysis was reinstituted. Bone marrow examination revealed recurrence of multiple myeloma. Twenty-four-hour urine examination revealed kappa light chain of 4,750 mg. Patients underwent second autologous stem cell transplantation using PBSCs after conditioning with melphalan 140 mg/m2. Post-transplant patients had 80% reduction in urinary light chain. Dialysis was needed for 6 months post-transplant, after which the patient had recovery of renal function. Post-transplant patients were treated with the immunomodulating and antiangiogenic agent thalidomide and then with the proteosome inhibitor bortezomib because of intolerance to thalidomide. The patient is now in complete remission. To date, very few cases have been described of patients receiving stem cell transplant for multiple myeloma with end-stage renal disease. However, no case has been described in which patient received two stem cell transplants and who regained renal function, as in this case. Patients with multiple myeloma and end-stage renal disease should be treated vigorously with dialysis and high-dose chemotherapy followed by stem cell transplantation. Second transplantation needs to be considered for recurrence of disease and renal failure. This may improve the quality of life as well as prolong disease-free and overall survival.
VARIATIONS IN RECRUITMENT YIELD, COSTS, SPEED AND PARTICIPANT DIVERSITY ACROSS INTERNET PLATFORMS IN A GLOBAL STUDY EXAMINING THE EFFICACY OF AN HIV/AIDS AND HIV TESTING ANIMATED AND LIVE-ACTION VIDEO AMONG ENGLISH- OR SPANISH-SPEAKING INTERNET OR SOCIAL MEDIA USERS

For a world-wide, Internet-based study on HIV/AIDS and HIV testing knowledge, we compared the yields, speed and costs of recruitment and participant diversity across free postings on 13 Internet or social media platforms, paid advertising or postings on 3 platforms, and separate free postings and paid advertisements on Facebook. Platforms were compared by study completions (yield), time to completion, completion to enrollment ratios (CERs), and costs/ completion; and by participants' demographic characteristics, HIV testing history, and health literacy levels. Of the 482 English-speaking participants, Amazon Mechanical Turk yielded the most participants, recruited participants at the fastest rate and had the highest CER (0.78) and lowest costs / completion. Of the 335 Spanish-speaking participants, Facebook yielded the most participants and recruited participants at the fastest rate, although Amazon Mechanical Turk had the highest CER (0.72) and lowest costs/completion. Across platforms participants differed substantially according to their demographic characteristics, HIV testing history and health literay skills. The study results highlight the need for researchers to strongly consider choice of Internet or social media plaforms when conducting Internet-based research. Because of the sample specifications and cost restraints of studies, specific Internet/ social media or participant selection plaforms will be much more effective or appropriate than others.
A Reluctant Standard-Bearer for Chicago-School Antitrust

Justice Scalia was part of the intellectual ferment that gave rise to the deregulatory mindset in the 1970s and 1980s. He was involved in the intellectual conversations around ideas including textualist interpretive philosophy (statutes), originalist interpretation (constitutions), and free-market economic thought. Justice Scalia adopted the originalist philosophy from Judge Bork and advanced it from the pulpit of the Supreme Court. For the most part, he did not take the same leadership role in advancing the Chicago School tradition in antitrust. It would be impossible, however, in light of his long tenure on the Court and his engagement with the core intellectual philosophies that underlie much of modern antitrust, for him not to have had an impact on the body of law. And in Kodak (dissenting), Empagran (concurring), and Trinko (for the majority), he did.
Fluorescence-Based Fiber-Optic Sensors

We have discussed some of the special problems and opportunities that result from employing fiber optics in fluorescence sensors and experiments. It should be evident that fiber optics do not represent a panacea, but rather a means for solving particular problems-sometimes elegantly. One purpose of this chapter was to stimulate the community to apply this technology to new experiments in biochemistry and biophysics; from the experimental demonstration of such techniques come the practical applications of tomorrow, c]
Experimental and Computational Insight Into Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Paracrine Signaling and Heterocellular Coupling Effects on Cardiac Contractility and Arrhythmogenicity.

Rationale:Myocardial delivery of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is an emerging therapy for treating the failing heart. However, the relative effects of hMSC-mediated heterocellular coupling (...
Right Middle Lobe Collapse and Pleural Effusion in an 18-Year-Old Man

An 18-year-old African American male subject presented to an acute care clinic with 3 days of productive cough, chills, pleuritic right chest pain, sore throat with hoarseness, congestion, and intermittent shortness of breath. He recently relocated to Texas from Georgia to undergo basic military training. He denied any other recent travel or contact with persons with pulmonary TB or other respiratory illnesses. His medical history was significant for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and sickle cell trait.
The Accumulating Data to Optimally Predict Obesity Treatment (ADOPT) Core Measures Project: Rationale and Approach.

Background Individual variability in response to multiple modalities of obesity treatment is well documented, yet our understanding of why some individuals respond while others do not is limited. The etiology of this variability is multifactorial; however, at present, we lack a comprehensive evidence base to identify which factors or combination of factors influence treatment response. Objectives This paper provides an overview and rationale of the Accumulating Data to Optimally Predict obesity Treatment (ADOPT) Core Measures Project, which aims to advance the understanding of individual variability in response to adult obesity treatment. This project provides an integrated model for how factors in the behavioral, biological, environmental, and psychosocial domains may influence obesity treatment responses and identify a core set of measures to be used consistently across adult weight-loss trials. This paper provides the foundation for four companion papers that describe the core measures in detail. Significance The accumulation of data on factors across the four ADOPT domains can inform the design and delivery of effective, tailored obesity treatments. ADOPT provides a framework for how obesity researchers can collectively generate this evidence base and is a first step in an ongoing process that can be refined as the science advances.
Capsular Contracture Following Augmentation Mammaplasty: Etiology and Pathogenesis

From a biological standpoint, encapsulation of a foreign body too large to be eliminated by phagocytosis is a normal occurrence. Capsular contracture occurs in zero to 74% of breast implants, depending on the series. Contemporary analysis of capsules shows a somewhat more sophisticated histological description of a complex structure consisting of three distinct layers. The internal layer adjacent to the prosthesis surface appears to be either single-layered or multilayered containing macrophages and fibroblasts. The middle layer is composed of loosely arranged connective tissue including the internal vascular supply, while a third layer consists of a dense connective tissue containing an external vascular supply. Current evidence supports the concept that prosthesis placement in the submuscular plane reduces — in some studies markedly — the incidence of capsular contracture, particularly severe contraction. Given the generally dismal record of treating established contracture, it must be concluded that redoubled efforts to prevent its occurrence offer the only satisfactory solution to this problem.
Response by Bonaca and Sabatine to Letters Regarding Article, "Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Lowering With Evolocumab and Outcomes in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: Insights From the FOURIER Trial (Further Cardiovascular Outcomes Research With PCSK9 Inhibition in Subjects With Elevated Risk)".

Alkhalil acknowledges the concept of higher absolute baseline risk generally translating to greater absolute risk reductions with secondary prevention therapies, as we demonstrated in the FOURIER trial (Further Cardiovascular Outcomes Research With PCSK9 Inhibition in Subjects With Elevated Risk), where the absolute risk reduction with evolocumab in the primary end point was greater in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) than those without …
Evaluation of circulating neutrophils as a biomarker for outcomes in uterine carcinosarcoma.

e17121Background: Uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) is an aggressive malignancy that arises from the endometrium and frequently metastasizes to the lymph nodes and distant sites. Recent data suggests th...
Cultivating the Human Dimension in Research

According to “Research Exemplars,” research requires attending to matters of heart as much as mind. The human dimension in research—relationships, passion, resilience, and leadership—was the common thread in their advice for a successful career. We discuss strategies to cultivate intra- and inter-personal skills fostering these aspects of research.
Using silica fiber coupling to extend superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors into the infrared

There is growing interest in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) for their high detection efficiency, low noise, and broad wavelength-sensitivity range. Typically, silica fibers are used to deliver light to the detectors inside the cryostat, which works well for wavelengths from visible through 1550 nm. To access longer-wavelength infrared photons, other types of fibers, such as chalcogenide and fluoride fibers, need to be used. Here, we examine the infrared-wavelength transmission of straight and coiled silica optical fibers as candidates to couple infrared light to SNSPDs. We find that the silica fibers offer good transmission up to 2.2 μm wavelength. Above this wavelength, the transmission rolls off; the fibers exhibit 3 dB/m loss at 2.5 μm. High bend-loss sensitivity of some fibers can be used to adjust the long-wavelength transmission cutoff of the fiber to limit noise photons due to blackbody radiation.
E-119 Use of lidocaine as a preferred pretreatment agent in general anesthesia during endovascular thrombectomy predicts infarct volume and functional outcome

Background and purpose Lidocaine is demonstrated as neuroprotective in animal models against hypoxia and cerebral ischemia that may reduce infarct size. The human data, however is limited. We sought to assess the potential effects of lidocaine as a preferred pretreatment agent in general anesthesia during endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) on final infarct volume (FIV) and clinical outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. Methods In a single center retrospective cohort patients who underwent EVT from January 2015 to February 2017 were included. Patients were divided into general anesthesia (GA) vs conscious sedation (CS) groups, and based on agent, lidocaine vs other agent group. Baseline characteristics, imaging variables were described, final infarct volume (FIV) on MRI was calculated using osirix software at 24 hours. Primary outcome was discharge mRS (0–2). Secondary outcome was FIV at 24 hours. We compared the outcomes between GA and CS, and Lidocaine versus other agents. Logistic regression was used to compare the primary and secondary outcomes between the groups. Results 179 patients were included. Median age 61 (IQR 26–89), median initial NIHSS 19 (IQR 5–35), mean ASPECTS 7 (4–10). Posterior circulation AIS were 10%. EVT was performed within 6 hours of symptoms onset. 79.8% received GA and 20.2% received CS. Lidocaine was used as a pretreatment agent during intubation in 84 (58.7%) patients. FIV was lower in CS group (mean 33.98 cm3 SD 43.10) p 0.02, however this was not significant after adjusting for variables including age, baseline NIHSS, collateral score and time from door to groin puncture (GP), and time from last known well (LKW) to recanalization. There was no difference in FIV between GA vs CS group (p 0.15). FIV was lower in lidocaine group (mean 61.40 cm3 SD 79.42 cm3 ) versus other agents (mean 84.4 cm3 SD 92.73 cm3) but this was not statistically significant. Higher NIHSS and poor collateral score were independently correlated with large infarct volume and clinical outcome (p 0.01, p 0.01). The overall good outcome was higher in CS group (30%) versus GA group (22%) p 0.090. Using logistic regression, there was no significant difference found between GA vs CS group in good outcome mRS (0–2) at discharge (OR 0.49; CI 0.19–1.3, p 0.15). Finally, in lidocaine group, we found that lidocaine was associated with good outcome mRS (0–2) at discharge (p 0.03) when compared to other agents. After adjusting for above variables, this was found not to be significant (OR 0.50; CI 0.19–1.2, p 0.17). Conclusion Our results limited by small sample size, it showed potential effect of lidocaine in reducing final infarct volume, which could help improve clinical outcomes. Disclosures J. Soomro: None. S. Reddy: None. L. Zhu: None. A. Sarraj: None.
Beam-Cavity Interaction*

The proper operation of the rf-system in a particle accelerator depends more than any other component on the detailed interaction with the particle beam. This results from the observation that a particle beam can induce fields in the accelerating cavities of significant magnitude compared to the generator produced voltages and we may therefore not neglect the presence of the particle beam.
The effect of cold stress, ACTH, cortisone, pyrogen, and nitrogen mustard on tissue mast cells in the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the rat.

Since Ehrlich's original description of the mast cell in 1877 much speculation has been made regarding its functional nature. Michels (1) tabulated some twenty-five heterogenous functional possibilities; however, convincing factual proof was lacking for each. Holmgren and Wilander (2) in 1937 correlated the metachromatic staining property of mast cell granules with that of acid mucopolysaccharides and related the number of mast cells to the amount of extractable heparin in tissue. From this they concluded that mast cell granules contain heparin, and they suggested that the function of mast cells is to furnish the body with its natural anticoagulant. By means of centrifugal separations Julen, Snellman and Sylven (3) demonstrated a metachromatic staining inter-particulate substance in the cytoplasm of the mast cell. They raised the possibility that the granules do not actually contain heparin but stain metachromatically because they have it adsorbed to their surfaces. One of the old theories that mast cells produce connective tissue substances (mucin of Harris (4), connective tissue barriers of Fromme (5), and cement substance of Staemmler (6)) has been revived by Asboe-Hanson (7—12) who postulated that they produce hyaluronic acid. This concept is based on the presence of mast cells adjacent to metachromatically staining areas in sections from various dermatoses, and morphologic changes of cells following hydrolysis of the metachromntic substances with a hyaluronidase preparation. However, some tissues known to contain large amounts of hyaluronic acid, i.e., cock's comb and placenta, contain few, if any, mast cells (13, 14). Moreover, bovine testicular hyalnronidase preparations also hydrolyze polysaccharides other than hyaluronic acid, e.g., chondroitin sulfuric acid (15); hence loss of staining characteristics after treatment with such preparations cannot be ascribed specifically to removal of hyaluronic acid. Glick and Sylven (16) presented evidence indicating that the nonspecific hyaluronidase inhibitor of blood serum might be a heparin-
Parametric Imaging With PET and SPECT

In molecular imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography (PET) or single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), parametric imaging is the process of creating fully quantitative 3-D maps of pharmacokinetic parameters from a dynamic series of radiotracer concentration images. An overview of the pharmacokinetic parameters that have been assessed in PET or SPECT studies, and the kinetic models that have been proposed to compute parametric images is presented. Parametric imaging is challenging due to the high level of noise in the raw images obtained from the scanner, and the additional needs to obtain the input function of the kinetic model and to correct for subject motion during the usually long dynamic scans. Methods that have been proposed to assess each of these challenges are been reviewed.
Naltrexone effects on subjective responses to alcohol in the human laboratory: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Naltrexone (NTX) has been widely studied for the treatment of alcohol use disorder with overall support for its efficacy. The mechanisms of action of naltrexone are thought to involve attenuation of the hedonic effects of alcohol and potentiation of its aversive effects. In order to provide a quantitative estimate of the effects of naltrexone on subjective response to alcohol, the aims of this meta-analytic review are to examine the effects of naltrexone across four domains of subjective response. Meta-analyses of naltrexone effects on alcohol craving (k = 16, N = 686), stimulation (k = 15, N = 675), sedation (k = 18, N = 777), and negative mood (k = 9, N = 281) suggested that under laboratory conditions and compared with placebo, naltrexone reduces craving (Hedges g = -0.252; SE = 0.054; 95% CI, -0.375 to -0.130; P < 0.01), reduces stimulation (g = -0.223; SE = 0.067; 95% CI, -0.372 to -0.074; P < 0.01), increases sedation (g = 0.251; SE = 0.064; 95% CI, 0.112-0.389; P < 0.01), and increases negative mood (g = 0.227; SE = 0.047; 95% CI, 0.100-0.354; P < 0.01). Results were robust when drinks per month and alcohol dose were added to the models as covariates. The effects of naltrexone varied by severity of alcohol use with medication effects on craving and stimulation being observed in sample of both heavy drinkers and AUD individuals. These results are consistent with the hypothesized mechanisms of action of NTX, although the effects are of small magnitude. This meta-analysis aggregates across multiple human laboratory studies of NTX's effects on subjective response to alcohol, providing a comprehensive summary of a key mechanism of NTX efficacy, namely, alteration of the subjective experience of alcohol.
A CRITICAL TEST OF THE RECOMBINATION THEORY OF MULTIPLICITY REACTIVATION

Precise survival curves for phage production by bacteria multiple infected with phage T2 inactivated by ultraviolet light have been determined for a wide range of ultraviolet doses, with and without photoreactivation. The results are not compatible with the recombination theory, according to which multiplicity reactivation is due to a recombination of undamaged units from several parental particles.