cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Lead-Associated Endocarditis : The Important Role of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Background: Infection is a potentially life-threatening complication of cardiac device implantation. Lead-associated endocarditis (LAE) may be the most serious complication since it is associated with a high mortality. Methods: The medical records of patients referred to our institution for the treatment of LAE between 1999 and 2007 were reviewed. Results: A total of 51 of 107 patients referred for device-related infections met the criteria for LAE. Of these, 19 occurred within 6 months of their most recent procedure (early), while the remaining 32 occurred more than 6 months later (mean = 31.9 months post procedure). Devices included pacemakers in 33 patients and ICDs in 18 patients. The most common organism responsible for infection was Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) followed by coagulase-negative staphylocci (22%) and streptococci (12%). Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) accounted for 67% of the S. aureus infections. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were responsible for only 26% of early and 19% of late cases. A distant site of infection was common (26/51 = 51%), particularly in patients with MRSA LAE. The device and leads were removed percutaneously in all patients. Only one patient failed to respond to intravenous antibiotics. Conclusions: Our data suggest that methicillin-resistant S. aureus is an important pathogen in LAE. Since many infections occur months after the last device procedure, hematogenous spread of organisms from a distant site may be an important contributing factor. These data suggest that strategies to prevent hematogenous infection, particularly with S. aureus, are critical in patients with implantable cardiac devices.
An Inflation Test Method for the Anisotropic Properties of Human Skin Tissues

Skin tissue consists of a network of collagen and elastin fibers embedded in a ground matrix of hydrated proteoglycans. Skin is known to exhibit anisotropy, which is thought to arise from the collagen microstructure and has been historically described by Langer’s lines. Studies investigating anisotropy in humans in vitro have included uniaxial [1], biaxial [2], and multiaxial [3] tensile tests. The resulting anisotropy is typically quantified by comparing load-deformation curves in lateral and longitudinal directions, fitting phenomenological models to each direction, or utilizing new models that account for fiber direction [4].Copyright © 2011 by ASME
Inversion of the source and vorticity equations for supercavitating hydrofoils

The problem of a supercavitating hydrofoil of general shape with leading edge cavity detachment is addressed in linear theory in terms of unknown source and vorticity distributions on the foil and cavity. The related singular integral equations are inverted analytically and the cavitation number, the source and vorticity distributions are expressed in terms of integrals of quantities which depend only on the hydrofoil shape and the cavity length. Numerical algorithms for computing these integrals accurately and efficiently are given.
The Factor-2 Sign Detection Algorithm using a core function for RNS numbers

The determination of the sign of RNS (Residue Number System) numbers is not a trivial task. In this work, we have proposed an algorithm called the ''Factor-2 Sign Detection Algorithm'' for this purpose. This algorithm uses the core value of a RNS number to determine its sign. On the basis of the core values, two areas are defined as ambiguous and unambiguous. The sign of a RNS number with its core in an unambiguous area can be determined immediately but if the core of a RNS number is in an ambiguous area, it may require two to several iterations of the algorithm to determine its sign.
Lurcher, nPIST, and Autophagy

Previous work has shown that neurodegeneration in the lurcher mouse is due to a mutation in the GluRdelta2 gene that results in a constitutively active glutamate receptor ion channel. Characterization of the cell death pathway in these animals reported by Yue et al. in this issue of Neuron provides important insight into the toxicity induced by the abundant transmitter glutamate. Through protein-protein interactions, the GluRdelta2(Lc) mutant channel activates autophagy.
Energy price matrix factorization

Statistical learning tools are utilized here to study the potential risks of revealing the topology of the underlying power grid using publicly available market data. It is first recognized that the vector of real-time locational marginal prices admits an interesting decomposition: It can be expressed as the product of a sparse, positive definite matrix with non-positive off-diagonal entries times a sparse vector. A convex optimization problem involving sparse regularizers is formulated to recover the constituent factors under relevant noisy and noiseless scenarios. To tackle the high dimensionality and the streaming nature of real-time energy market data, an online algorithm with efficient closed-form iterates is developed. The grid topology matrix is updated every time a new set of locational marginal prices becomes available. Numerical tests with real demand data used on the IEEE 30-bus grid benchmark justify that the solver can partially track the underlying grid topology.
A Monte Carlo study of the influence of dynamic recovery on dynamic recrystallization

Abstract A Monte Carlo simulation technique has been used to study dynamic recrystallization in a polycrystalline matrix. The model employed, maps the microstructure onto a discrete, two dimensional lattice with use of a magnetic analog, the Q-state Potts model. The response of the material to hot deformation is simulated by adding recrystallization nuclei and stored energy continuously with time. The simulations presented in this work use an energy storage rate procedure that models stage III hardening in metals and thereby incorporates both work hardening and dynamic recovery. This model reproduces many features found recently by Rollett et al. in a more simple model that did not include an explicit dynamic softening mechanism. It is found, that the type of work hardening law ssumed results in relationships between transient and steady state crystallization parameters which more closely approach those observed in physical experiments. In this view, the roles of the controlling mechanisms of dynamic recrystallization in real polycrystalline materials are discussed.
Can the schizophrenia epigenome provide clues for the molecular basis of pathogenesis

Schizophrenia (SCZ), a major mental disease affecting approximately 1% of individuals worldwide, is characterized by symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, loosening of associations, disorganized speech and behavior, illogical thinking, social isolation and cognitive deficit. Epidemiologic and genetic studies indicate that SCZ is a complex and multifactorial illness in origin, influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Several reports support an association between SCZ and environmental factors such as birth in winter or early spring, urban birth, paternal age, famine, nutritional and perinatal complications. On the other hand, extensive genetic studies also suggest that approximately 45% of monozygotic twins, and 10% of the first degree relatives of patients with SCZ, including dizygotic twins may eventually become affected by the same disease. In addition to the implication of hundreds of SNPs based on association studies, recently a large number of genes and copy number variations, each with very small effect have been identified as causative factors in largescale whole-genome scans of thousands of cases and controls [1]. Despite all these efforts, uncovering key genes with specific mutations correlating to the SCZ pathogenesis remains elusive. Because of the poor success rate with genetic studies and the increasing awareness of the contribution of the environmental factors, efforts have been made by others and us in examining the potential role of epigenetic changes involving DNA methylation, histone modifications and dysregulation of noncoding miRNAs, along with target gene mutations in SCZ pathogenesis. Interestingly, whole-genome transcriptome analyses of SCZ and other major
Nonlinear system modeling based on the Wiener theory

This paper is a tutorial of nonlinear system modeling methods which are based on the Wiener theory of nonlinear systems. The basic concepts that underlie the Wiener theory are discussed and illustrated. Various modeling methods are presented by which a non-linear system can be modeled using either white Gaussian, nonwhite Gaussian, or certain non-Gaussian inputs. The experimental error in determining the Wiener model is discussed in terms of a new concept called measurement stability. Since attempts are being made to apply these modeling methods to diverse areas of study, this paper is written to be comprehensible by nonspecialists in system theory
The application of genetic algorithms to operation sequencing for use in computer-aided process planning

Operation sequencing has long been a difficult problem in process planning. As part complexity increases, the number of potential solutions increases exponentially. This paper presents an approach to operation sequence coding that permits the application of genetic algorithms for quickly determining optimal, or near-optimal, operation sequences for parts of varying complexity. This approach improves on existing techniques by utilizing common sequencing constraints to guide the coding process resulting in a further reduction in the size of the solution search space. These improvements permit the determination of near-optimal operation sequences for complex parts within a time frame necessary for real-time dynamic planning. Application of this strategy is illustrated using three parts of varying complexity as well as comparing the genetic algorithm's performance using the improved constrained coding strategy with that of an unconstrained strategy.
Elicitation of broadly reactive antibodies against glycan-modulated neutralizing V3 epitopes of HIV-1 by immune complex vaccines.

HIV-1 envelope gp120 is the target for neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the virus. Various approaches have been explored to improve immunogenicity of broadly neutralizing epitopes on this antigen with limited success. We previously demonstrated that immunogenicity of gp120 and especially its V3 epitopes was enhanced when gp120 was co-administered as immune-complex vaccines with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to the CD4-binding site (CD4bs). To define the mechanisms by which immune complexes influence V3 immunogenicity, we compared gp120 complexed with mAbs specific for the C2 region (1006-30), the V2 loop (2158), or the CD4bs (654), and found that the gp120/654 and gp120/2158 complexes elicited anti-V3 NAbs, but the gp120/654 complex was the most effective. gp120 complexed with 654 F(ab′)2 was as potent, indicating that V3 immunogenicity is determined by the specificity of the mAb's Fab fragment used to form the complexes. Importantly, the gp120/654 complex not only induced anti-gp120 antibodies (Abs) to higher titers, but also of greater avidity. The Abs were cross-reactive with V3 peptides from most subtype B and some subtype C isolates. Neutralization was detected only against Tier-1 HIV-1 pseudoviruses, while Tier-2 viruses, including the homologous JRFL strain, were not neutralized. However, JRFL produced in the presence of a mannosidase inhibitor was sensitive to anti-V3 NAbs in the immune sera. These results demonstrate that the gp120/654 complex is a potent immunogen for eliciting cross-reactive functional NAbs against V3 epitopes, of which exposure is determined by the specific compositions of glycans shrouding the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins.
The prognostic significance of intranodal isolated tumor cells and micrometastases in patients with non-small cell carcinoma of the lung.

Abstract Objective: To study whether isolated tumor cells and micrometastases, as defined by the current American Joint Committee on Cancer criteria for extrapulmonary neoplasms, have prognostic value for patients with resected non–small cell carcinoma of the lung. Methods Intrathoracic lymph nodes (n = 1063) from 60 patients with non–small cell carcinoma of the lung were studied for the presence of metastases with serial histologic sections and keratin immunostains. Metastases were classified as isolated tumor cells, pN1mi, pN1, pN2mi, and pN2. Isolated tumor cells were smaller than 0.2 mm, while pN1mi and pN2mi measured 0.2 mm to 2 mm. Survival analysis was performed, stratifying by nodal status and stage. Results Isolated tumor cells were detected in 11 lymph nodes from 5 of 33 pN0 patients and in 9 pN1 and pN2 patients. The lymph nodes from 3 patients were reclassified as pN1mi. No pN2mi were detected. A survival model based on a stratification of the cohort into stages I to III was significant (chi-square = 7.426, df=2, P = .024) but demonstrated considerable overlap between the survival curves of stage I and II patients. A model stratifying isolated tumor cells and pN1mi into stage I disease was significant (chi-square = 7.985, df=2, P = .018) and showed no overlap between the survival curves of stage I and II patients. There were no significant survival function differences between patients with pN0, isolated tumor cells, and pN1mi. Conclusions Patients with non–small cell carcinoma of the lung with isolated tumor cells and pN1mi have similar survivals to those with pN0, consistent with the findings reported for breast cancer patients. Future larger studies of patients with non–small cell carcinoma of the lung are needed to confirm whether current American Joint Committee on Cancer staging criteria should be modified to include the pN1mi category.
On destabilization of shear flows: concept of admissible system perturbations

Abstract In this communication we introduce a concept of admissible system perturbation as a general principle of destabilization of wall shear flows. Central to this concept is a formulation of system bounds on self-sustaining pressure fluctuations which govern the processes of destabilization. The concept leads to the development of a single criterion which quantifies conditions for onset of turbulence and establishes an upper bound for the wall sublayer scales in fully developed turbulent flows. With appropriate modifications, this criterion is extended to explain formation of large ‘coherent structures’ in the outer layer. For laminar separated flows, the same criterion sets conditions for the onset of various laminar instabilities: self-sustaining oscillation or vortex shedding.
Reappearance of Spoonhead Sculpins (Cottus Ricei) in Lake Michigan

Abstract Spoonhead sculpins ( Cottus ricei ) were collected at night in bottom trawls during fall 1990 in Lake Michigan. Specimens were collected at depths from 9 to 91 m at three sites in northern Lake Michigan and at one site in southern Lake Michigan. These specimens represent the first documented collection of this species in Lake Michigan since 1973.
The cortical basis of motor planning: does it take two to tango?

A new study using fMRI shows that the human frontal cortex—and not parietal cortex—is the primary locus of movement planning.
Analysis of biomedical images using maximal matching

Many biomedical images share the property that their objects and object properties are highly predictable. This makes model-matching techniques attractive for recognition of those objects. Here we examine some ways for generating and testing correspondences between "observed" entities and objects of the model that may be useful for diagnosis. In particular, a method is given to efficiently generate a sequence of maximal matchings, and an initial experiment applying a matching technique to chest x-ray data is described.
LOW FAT PROCESS CHEESE FOOD CONTAINING ULTRAHIGH PRESSURE‐TREATED WHEY PROTEIN

The effects of ultrahigh pressure (UHP)-treated whey protein on firmness, meltability and microstructure of process cheese and process cheese foods were investigated. Cheese base was made with reconstituted nonfat dry milk (NFDM) and cream. Commercial full fat process cheese (CFF), commercial low fat process cheese food (CLF) and control low fat process cheese food prepared from cheese base and Cheddar cheese without the addition of whey protein (CLC) were selected or prepared as control-process cheese and process cheese foods. Experimental low fat process cheese foods were prepared from cheese base and Cheddar cheese with the addition of 5% (w/w) untreated whey protein (LWP) or 5% (w/w) whey protein treated at 690 MPa for 5 min (LHP). The firmness of LHP was equivalent to that of CLF. Meltability of LWP and LHP was acceptable as specified with a Schreiber melt-test score greater than four. The Schreiber melt-test scores for LHP were greater than those for CFF, CLF and LWP. The greater meltability of LHP was attributed to the addition of UHP-treated whey protein to LHP. The uninterrupted protein matrices observed in the microstructures of CLC, LWP and LHP were attributed to reduced fat contents and increased protein contents. The microstructures of CFF, CLF, CLC and LWP exhibited a smooth protein matrix while that of LHP had a rough protein matrix. The unfolding of whey protein during UHP treatment may contribute to a rough protein matrix in the microstructure of LHP. This study demonstrates that the addition of UHP-treated whey protein to low fat process cheese foods may lead to low fat process cheese food with acceptable firmness and meltability, but result in the production of low fat process cheese food with undesirable sandy or grainy texture.
Effect of a Low Protein Diet on in vitro Protein Synthesis in Thymus, Spleen, and Bone Marrow in Young Adult Rats

Young adult rats (body weight 90 g) were given a low protein (3% casein) diet for 6 days. Under these conditions, thymus and spleen organ wet weights and DNA content decreased as compared with control rats given a high protein ( 20% casein ) diet. The in vitro incorpora tion of amino acids into protein was followed using leucine as the radio active precursor. Ribosomes of tissues from the dietary rats were incubated together with soluble enzymes from liver of rats fed a stock diet, and co- factors. Ribosomal capacity for leucine incorporation into protein dimin ished in thymus by 33% per mg ribosomal RNA, 77% per total ribosomal RNA, and 43% per mg DNA. In spleen the corresponding reductions were 29%, 81%, and 31%; in bone marrow the decrease was 29% per mg ribo somal RNA, 56% per total ribosomal RNA, and 197o per mg DNA. A re duction in physiological activity is thus evident in these tissues soon after protein restriction. J. Nutr. 108: 1274-1280, 1978.
Study on Evaluation of Competition Superiority to Agriculture Plot Based on Fuzzy Optimization Model

According to the law of agriculture production, we put forward an superiority evaluation-quota-system of different plots, and build the plot-superiority-evaluation model based on multi-objective system-fuzzy-optimization theory. Several cases on evaluation of competition superiority to agriculture plot are presented to show the difference of each agriculture plot in competition superiority, and provide decision support for production processes. The model can point out the direction of gaining more profits and improving the decision ability for agriculture production.
Distance supervision: Research, findings, and considerations for art therapy

Abstract Art therapy internships are arguably one of the most important aspects in the training of future professionals in the field. Many counselors and educators have written about the need for greater links between universities and fieldwork placements ( Howey, 1996 , Imig and Switzer, 1996 , Ishler et al., 1996 , Khamis, 2000 , Perraton, 2000 , Rahman et al., 2006 ). Most of the current research on providing distance supervision has been written in education and general counseling journals and usually are examining international uses of supervision ( Rahman et al., 2006 ; Roland et al., 2006). In both education and counseling fields, as in art therapy, the use of the Internet to provide supervision has the similar issues of confidentiality of the clients or students, the ability to observe and provide feedback, and the need to see the student or beginning professional conducting sessions, and the sharing of the session/class products for assessment and review ( Burrak, 2008 , Simpson, 2006 ; Szeftel et al., 2008). In the art therapy field, there have been presentations at national conferences on techniques for distance supervision, but there has yet to be a written research study on the topic. Therefore, this paper will investigate what has been researched and written about in the general counseling and education fields in order to provide a framework of understanding to work within.
Knockdown of ribosomal protein S3 protects human cells from genotoxic stress.

Abstract Human ribosomal protein S3 (hS3) has a high apparent binding affinity for the oxidative lesion 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG). The hS3 ribosomal protein has also been found to inhibit the base excision repair (BER) enzyme hOGG1 from liberating 8-oxoG residing in a 5′-end-labeled oligonucleotide. To understand the in vivo involvement of hS3 in BER, we have turned to RNA interference to generate knockdown of hS3 in cells exposed to DNA damaging agents. Here we show that a 40% knockdown of hS3 resulted in as much as a seven-fold increase in the 24 h survival-rate of HEK293 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide. Significant protection to the alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) was also observed. Protection to the chemotherapeutic alkylating agent Thio-TEPA was only revealed at longer exposure times where the agent became more toxic to untransfected human cells. Overall, these results raise the possibility that hS3 interferes with the repair of the DNA lesions produced by genotoxic agents that potentially could play a role in the onset of cancer and other pathological states such as aging.
Ethical dilemmas in human resource management: an application of a multidimensional framework, a unifying taxonomy, and applicable codes

Abstract Human resource management (HRM) is currently undergoing rapid professionalization. One area, which has not been fully examined from a scholarly nor practitioner perspective, is that of ethical dilemmas. Ethical dilemmas in HRM can be seen as multifaceted, involving personal, professional, and organizational considerations. A general model of five ethical dilemmas [Acad. Manage. Rev. 8 (1983) 690.] is applied to HRM in general and to eight HRM functions, illustrating 40 specific examples of potentially unethical behavior. Ethical codes of five professional associations are reviewed in relation to general categories of ethical dilemmas, and their coverage is discussed.
The selfish gene at 30: the origin and career of a book and its title

The 30th anniversary of Richard Dawkins9s The selfish gene coincides with the opening for historical scholarship of the production files of the book9s first edition at the archives of Oxford University Press. Using the information collected in the files, the essay reconstructs the Press history of the book, the author9s and his enthusiastic editor9s pre-publication expectations, and the early reception and subsequent career of the book, which made an impact on the scientific debate on behaviour and evolution as well as on the popular market. It also reflects on the changing notions of popularization and the place of The selfish gene in those debates.
Glutathione and ascorbate are negatively correlated with oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes.

Intracellular antioxidants, glutathione and ascorbate, and two molecular markers of oxidative DNA damage, 5hydroxy-29-deoxycytidine (5-OH-dCyd) and 8-oxo-7,8dihydro-29-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dGuo), were measured in lymphocytes from 105 healthy volunteers. The analysis of 5-OH-dCyd and 8-oxo-dGuo was carried out by HPLC with electrochemical detection such that both compounds were detected on the same chromatography run. There was no significant difference in oxidative DNA damage when the extraction of DNA from cells using phenol was carried out under anaerobic conditions or in the presence of metal ion chelators. This indicates that auto-oxidation of DNA during sample preparation was minimal. Using the above methods, the average level of oxidative DNA damage in lymphocytes was 2.9 K 1.4 for 5-OH-dCyd and 4.5 K 1.8 for 8-oxo-dGuo lesions per 10 6 dGuo (n J 105). It is unlikely that artifactual oxidation contributed to the observed damage because the level of 5-OH-dCyd was comparable with that of 8-oxo-dGuo in lymphocyte DNA, whereas 8-oxo-dGuo outnumbers 5-OH-dCyd by a ratio of >5:1 when DNA is exposed to various oxidants, including ionizing radiation or Fenton reagents. Rather, the nearly equal levels of 5-OH-dCyd and 8-oxo-dGuo in cellular DNA implies that 8-oxo-dGuo may be more efficiently removed by DNA repair. Finally, and most importantly, the correlation of our endpoints revealed that the naturally occurring level of intracellular antioxidants was negatively correlated to the level of oxidative DNA damage with the strongest correlation observed for glutathione and 8-oxodGuo (r J ‐0.36; P < 0.001). These results strongly suggest that intracellular glutathione and ascorbate protect human lymphocytes against oxidative DNA damage.
Dampening high frequency noise in high performance microprocessor packaging

In high performance microprocessors, power supply noise needs to be controlled to ensure reliable high speed bus operation. This is generally done with high quality package capacitors and on die capacitance. These capacitors are generally lower equivalent series inductance (ESL) and lower equivalent series resistor (ESR). Because the ESL is not zero, die capacitance is required to reduce the impact of this ESL on the power supply noise. Alternatively, in this paper, we present a novel approach of using an on-die metal resistor in series with the package capacitance to dampen the high frequency noise. We show by validation on the 90 nm technology that this technique is capable of reducing the noise by nearly 80% without adversely affecting the bus speed.
A 5-GHz CMOS wireless LAN receiver front end

This paper presents a 12.4-mW front end for a 5-GHz wireless LAN receiver fabricated in a 0.24-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. It consists of a low-noise amplifier (LNA), mixers, and an automatically tuned third-order filter controlled by a low-power phase-locked loop. The filter attenuates the image signal by an additional 12 dB beyond what can be achieved by an image-reject architecture. The filter also reduces the noise contribution of the cascode devices in the LNA core. The LNA/filter combination has a noise figure of 4.8 dB, and the overall noise figure of the signal path is 5.2 dB. The overall IIP3 is -2 dBm.
Clustering-based correlation aware data aggregation for distributed sensor networks

Temporal and spatial correlation in the sensed data in wireless distributed sensor networks gives room for better energy efficiency in the network. Several data aggregation schemes have been suggested in the literature. However a clear-cut solution which quantitatively describes most energy-efficient routing scheme is still lacking. In this paper, we propose a novel, generalized clustering-based aggregation scheme, called "annular slicing-based clustering (ASC)" and show that by varying the cluster size and the distribution of clusters in the deployment area, one can approach the most energy-efficient aggregation scheme. Analytical expressions for the optimal cluster size and distribution have been arrived at, for a specific correlation model and a cost function based on the Euclidean distance traversed by the transmitted data. With the help of numerical simulation, it has been found that the proposed aggregation technique can achieve optimality over a wide range of correlation
Pressure Oscillations Resulting from Subsonic Flow over a Partially Covered Cavity

A series of experiments was carried out to determine if the passage frequency of coherent structures over a partially covered, rectangular cavity could be sufficiently regularized so as to make predictable the spatio-temporal optical characteristics of the shear layer. This type of passive regularization, in which no actuation is employed, had manifested itself in earlier tests as the “trapped-mode” resonance phenomenon. These more recent experiments used an acoustically treated wind tunnel to suppress trapped mode resonance and sought instead to excite the longitudinal standing wave modes of the partially covered cavity. The regularization was accompanied by the presence of dominant peaks in the autospectral density of cavity unsteady pressure. A modified version of Rossiter’s formula, here called the “long-path” formula, was developed to describe the peak frequencies observed in the cavity pressure spectra. Flow-acoustic resonance was achieved when a natural hydrodynamic frequency (a long-path mode frequency) coincided with the natural acoustic resonance frequency of the cavity.
A matrix alignment approach for link prediction

This paper introduces a new discriminative learning technique for link prediction based on the matrix alignment approach. Our algorithm automatically determines the most predictive features of the link structure by aligning the adjacency matrix of a network with weighted similarity matrices computed from node attributes and neighborhood topological features. Experimental results on a variety of network data have demonstrated the effectiveness of this approach.
Comparison of Recording Head Designs for Perpendicular and Exchange-Coupled Composite Media

Exchange-coupled composite (ECC) media consisting of hard and soft coupled regions has been predicted to exhibit attempt frequencies that are much larger than conventional perpendicular media due to the presence of two degrees of freedom. As a result, adjacent track erasure (ATE) and archivability are adversely affected, whereas writability is significantly enhanced due to thermal fluctuation assisted recording. Recording heads for ECC and perpendicular media, designed dimensionally for recording at 250 Gbits/In2, are evaluated within this context. In comparison, recording on ECC media is shown to yield about a factor 2 advantage in areal density
Gray scale measurement of biparietal diameter

Fetal biparietal diameter measurements were obtained simultaneously by gray scale and bistable ultrasonography. The bistable presentation was measured from leading edge to leading edge, while the gray scale presentation was measured from leading point to leading point and middle to middle of the band of echoes defining the fetal head. Statistical analysis of 50 patients demonstrated good reproducibility of the biparietal diameter measurement by each method and intraobserver variation fell well within the acceptable range. In all but one patient differences in measurements between observers and measurement methods were trivial and of no clinical significance. In the patients in whom there was a statistically significant difference, the variability was from 1 to 2 mm with the exception of one patient in whom the variability was about 4 mm.
Biological study of metal–organic frameworks towards human ovarian cancer cell lines

Solvothermal chemistry was employed to produce PCN-95 starting with pyrene forming eight connected Zr6 clusters conforming to an isoreticular structure (P6/mmm). The secondary building unit was det...
The Development of Written Language Awareness in Black Preschool Children

The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of written language awareness in black preschool children enrolled in a day-care environment. Subjects were three-, four-, and five-year-olds from an urban community. Data were collected in three individual interviews using environmental print, printed stimuli, manipulative materials, and storybooks in a sequence of semistructured tasks. Additionally, samples of the subjects' attempts at writing were analyzed. The following concepts pertaining to written language were measured: knowledge about the purposes of print, awareness of the conventions of the writing system (e.g., linearity, horizontality, directionality), development of book orientation concepts, development of letter and word concepts, knowledge of the letters of the alphabet, evidence of beginning reading. The children's performance indicated both general and specific information about their written language competence, with five-year-olds performing significantly better than three-y...
God Talk Across and Between the Boundaries of Traditions

Given the context of Catholic higher education where theology classrooms are not populated with a majority of “traditioned” Catholic students, this essay asks if it is possible to hand on knowledge of and appreciation for the Catholic faith without tending toward the extremes of either “Catholic tight” or “Catholic lite.” Teaching theology well, the author argues, requires teachers to begin by asking, “Who are our students?” and to be attentive to the plurality internal to the twenty-first century Catholic collegiate context. By leveraging millennial student capacities, the “lite” and “tight” approaches to theology become a false alternative. In their place, the author argues for a pedagogy that is informed and inspired by public theology. This approach focuses on exploring transcendence across the boundaries of multiple traditions, so as to enable students to transform their theological habits of mind.
The Differential Amplifier

In Chapter 1, we referred to the amplifier as the heart of the EEG machine. This chapter returns to the topic to fill in some important details. We begin with a consideration of electronic amplifiers in general, and then continue with a discussion and analysis of the differential amplifier. As we will see, the differential amplifier is a specially designed device for recording bioelectric activity, and it is employed universally in EEG machines. Our objective in this chapter is to find out precisely what this amplifier does and how it accomplishes its purpose.
Richard Aoki (1938-2008): Toughest Oriental to Come Out of West Oakland

Longtime Asian American movement activist and Black Panther Party (BPP) founder, Richard Aoki, passed away Sunday morning on March 15, 2009. The day before his passing, Third World Liberation Front (TWLF) strike veterans and students were celebrating the fortieth anniversary of the strike for Ethnic Studies at UC Berkeley.
Using Benford Analysis to Detect Fraud

Accountants, especially internal auditors, external auditors, and forensic accountants, are often called upon to help in efforts to detect and prevent fraud. A variety of methods have been developed to assist in fraud detection and prevention. This article describes a fraud-detection strategy based on Benford’s Law. Benford’s Law analysis is a mathematical technique for identifying irregular patterns in data, which might represent red flags that indicate fraudulent activity or material errors. By using the Benford Analysis Workbook that is described in this paper (and available online), internal auditors, external auditors, forensic accountants, and others can readily perform this effective test to help identify possible fraud- or error-infested accounts.
FPGA implementation of HOG based pedestrian detector

We present a FPGA implementation of a pedestrian detector that can process VGA video at a frame rate of 30–40 frames per second in real time. The architecture implements an offline trained boosted detector in an attentional cascade. The cascade evaluates each frame using histogram of gradient (HOG) features in the LUV color space. Pedestrian targets are identified at 27 scales. Feature aggregation allows the design to operate on fewer candidate windows that would normally be required for a 640×480 frame. The design is implemented on a Xilinx Zynq FPGA using a FMC for video input. Video frames are buffered in off-chip DRAM and then streamed through a processing pipeline. The pipeline performs color space conversion, frame rescaling, HOG feature extraction, and candidate evaluation in a sliding window. The candidate evaluation is parallelized to evaluate two windows at a time. The entire pipeline is parallelized to evaluate multiple scales per frame.
Oral administration of SR-110, a peroxynitrite decomposing catalyst, enhances glucose homeostasis, insulin signaling, and islet architecture in B6D2F1 mice fed a high fat diet.

Peroxynitrite has been implicated in type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications. As a follow-up study to our previous work on SR-135 (Arch Biochem Biophys 577-578: 49-59, 2015), we provide evidence that this series of compounds are effective when administered orally, and their mechanisms of actions extend to the peripheral tissues. A more soluble analogue of SR-135, SR-110 (from a new class of Mn(III) bis(hydroxyphenyl)-dipyrromethene complexes) was orally administered for 2 weeks to B6D2F1 mice fed a high fat-diet (HFD). Mice fed a HFD for 4 months gained significantly higher body weights compared to lean diet-fed mice (52 ± 1.5 g vs 34 ± 1.3 g). SR-110 (10 mg/kg daily) treatment significantly reduced fasting blood glucose and insulin levels, and enhanced glucose tolerance as compared to HFD control or vehicle (peanut butter) group. SR-110 treatment enhanced insulin signaling in the peripheral organs, liver, heart, and skeletal muscle, and reduced lipid accumulation in the liver. Furthermore, SR-110 increased insulin content, restored islet architecture, decreased islet size, and reduced tyrosine nitration. These results suggest that a peroxynitrite decomposing catalyst is effective in improving glucose homeostasis and restoring islet morphology and β-cell insulin content under nutrient overload.
Targeting ACLY sensitizes castration-resistant prostate cancer cells to AR antagonism by impinging on an ACLY-AMPK-AR feedback mechanism

// Supriya Shah 1 , Whitney J. Carriveau 1 , Jinyang Li 1 , Sydney L. Campbell 1 , Piotr K. Kopinski 5, 6 , Hee-Woong Lim 2 , Natalie Daurio 3 , Sophie Trefely 1 , Kyoung-Jae Won 2 , Douglas C. Wallace 5 , Constantinos Koumenis 3 , Anthony Mancuso 1, 4 , Kathryn E. Wellen 1 1 Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA 2 Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA 3 Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA 4 Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA 5 Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA 6 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Correspondence to: Kathryn E. Wellen, e-mail: wellenk@exchange.upenn.edu Keywords: acetyl-CoA, prostate cancer, fatty acid metabolism, AMPK, ER stress Received: December 22, 2015 Accepted: May 08, 2016 Published: May 27, 2016 ABSTRACT The androgen receptor (AR) plays a central role in prostate tumor growth. Inappropriate reactivation of the AR after androgen deprivation therapy promotes development of incurable castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In this study, we provide evidence that metabolic features of prostate cancer cells can be exploited to sensitize CRPC cells to AR antagonism. We identify a feedback loop between ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY)-dependent fatty acid synthesis, AMPK, and the AR in prostate cancer cells that could contribute to therapeutic resistance by maintaining AR levels. When combined with an AR antagonist, ACLY inhibition in CRPC cells promotes energetic stress and AMPK activation, resulting in further suppression of AR levels and target gene expression, inhibition of proliferation, and apoptosis. Supplying exogenous fatty acids can restore energetic homeostasis; however, this rescue does not occur through increased β-oxidation to support mitochondrial ATP production. Instead, concurrent inhibition of ACLY and AR may drive excess ATP consumption as cells attempt to cope with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is prevented by fatty acid supplementation. Thus, fatty acid metabolism plays a key role in coordinating ER and energetic homeostasis in CRPC cells, thereby sustaining AR action and promoting proliferation. Consistent with a role for fatty acid metabolism in sustaining AR levels in prostate cancer in vivo , AR mRNA levels in human prostate tumors correlate positively with expression of ACLY and other fatty acid synthesis genes. The ACLY-AMPK-AR network can be exploited to sensitize CRPC cells to AR antagonism, suggesting novel therapeutic opportunities for prostate cancer.
A preliminary mechanistic test of the effects of light therapy in bulimia nervosa

ABSTRACTNegative affect is an important antecedent of binge eating episodes in bulimia nervosa (BN). A small number of studies have found that bright light therapy (BLT) decreases negative affect and binge eating frequency in BN. This study tested whether decreases in the frequency of binge eating in BN during BLT are accounted for by changes in negative affect. Participants (N = 9) with BN participated in a 6-week within-subjects trial of BLT, making daily ratings of the occurrence of eating disorder behaviours and negative affect, and resulting in 242 participant-days of data. They also completed an assessment battery on four occasions: baseline, pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 2-week follow-up. Use of the therapy light was associated with decreased likelihood of binge eating and lower negative affect; however, the likelihood of binge eating was not entirely accounted for by changes in negative affect. Future research should continue to investigate possible mechanisms through which BLT may infl...
Bench Surgery for Tumor in a Solitary Kidney

Bench surgery which included ex vivo partial nephrectomy with subsequent autotransplantation was successfully performed on a solitary kidney containing renal cell carcinoma. Helpful adjuncts included perfusion with a hyperosmolar intracellular-like solution, perfusion with a preservation machine and upside-down ipsilateral transplantation.
Energetics of Human Walking

Equations predicting the energy expenditure during human walking are discussed. It is shown that a hyperbolic equation adequately predicts energy expenditure over the entire range of normal walking speeds, while an equation of quadratic form is adequate for speeds up to about 100 m/min, and also predicts energy expenditure at competition speeds.
In Situ Adaptive Feature Extraction for Underwater Target Classification

This research compares the performance improvements of image-based sonar target classification algorithms when they are adapted to changing clutter environments. The distribution of seabed pixels in the sonar imagery is modeled as a correlated, K-distributed random variable allowing for a quantitative representation of seabed environments in the various testing scenarios. Parameterized environments comprising various target-like seabed textures are generated synthetically and used to examine adaptive classification performance. Results demonstrate that optimizing classifier parameters respective to specific environments improves overall classification performance compared to optimizing classifier parameters against a pooled dataset that includes all possible environments.
Analyzing Further Predictors of Correctional Officer Professional Orientations: The Role of Turnover Intentions

Four professional orientations to which correctional officers can ascribe have been identified in extant literature, and they include the counseling roles, concern for corruption of authority, social distance, and punitive ideologies. Studies have generally found officer demographics and correctional working conditions to be significant predictors of these orientations. No study to date, however, has examined the predictive influence of officer voluntary resignation intentions. Linear regression equations using questionnaire data from a statewide population of maximum security correctional officers ( N = 649) were therefore estimated to explore whether officer desires to terminate their employment accounted for variance in their self-reported orientations. Stronger turnover intentions shared statistically significant associations with three orientations, including negatively predicting the counseling roles and positively predicting the punitive ideology. Implications for correctional policy are addressed.
From satisfied to memorable: an empirical study of service and experience dimensions on guest outcomes in the hospitality industry.

Central to the experience economy paradigm is the notion that services and experiences are distinct economic offerings; yet, little work has been done to investigate the assumption. This study exam...
Cardiac Myxoma: The Great Mimicker

Cardiac myxoma is the most common primary cardiac neoplasm in adults. They most commonly arise within the left atrium, but may arise from other cardiac chambers, rarely from the valves. Histologically, cardiac myxomas consist of lepidic (“myxoma”) cells within a myxoid stroma. They can be of
Data Management and Volcano Plume Simulation with Parallel SPH Method and Dynamic Halo Domains

Abstract This paper presents data management and strategies for implementing smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method to simulate volcano plumes. These simulations require a careful definition of the domain of interest and multi-phase material involved in the flow, both of which change over time and involve transport over vast distances in a short time. Computational strategies are developed to overcome these challenges by building mechanisms for efficient creation and deletion of particles for simulation, parallel processing (using the message passing interface (MPI)) and a dynamically defined halo domain (a domain that ”optimally” captures all the material involved in the flow). A background grid is adopted to reduce neighbor search costs and to decompose the domain. A Space Filing Curve (SFC) based ordering is used to assign unique identifiers to background grid entities and particles. Time-dependent SFC based indices are assigned to particles to guarantee uniqueness of the identifier. Both particles and background grids are managed by hash tables which can ensure quick and flexible access. An SFC based three dimensional (3D) domain decomposition and a dynamic load balancing strategy are implemented to ensure good load balance. Several strategies are developed to improve performance: dynamic halo domains, calibrated particle weight and optimized work load check intervals. Numerical tests show that our code has good scalability and performance. The strategies described in this paper can be further applied to many other implementations of mesh-free methods, especially those implementations that require flexibility in adding and deleting of particles.