cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Preventive Health Care Among Older Women in an Academic Primary Care Practice

Purpose We sought to examine the use of preventive health services among older women and to assess how age and illness burden influence care patterns. Methods The charts of 299 women aged ≥80 and 229 women aged 65–79 years who did not have dementia or terminal illness at 1 academic primary care practice in Boston were reviewed between July and December 2005 to determine receipt of screening tests (e.g., mammography), counseling on healthy lifestyle (e.g., exercise), and/or geriatric health issues (e.g., incontinence), and immunizations. Illness burden was quantified using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Results Women aged ≥80 were more likely than women aged 65–79 to have a CCI of ≥3 (24.0% vs. 16.7%) and were less likely to receive all screening tests. However, receipt of mammography (47.8%) and colon cancer screening (51.2%) was still common among women aged ≥80 and was not targeted to older women in good health. Women aged ≥80 were less likely to be screened for depression (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 0.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.5–0.8), osteoporosis (aRR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.5–0.9), or counseled about exercise (aRR 0.8; 95% CI, 0.6–0.9) than younger women, but were more likely to receive counseling about falls (aRR 1.9; 95% CI, 1.4–2.6) and/or incontinence (aRR 1.8; 95% CI, 1.2–2.6). However notes documenting discussions about mood (28.6%), exercise (40.0%), falls (28.8%), or incontinence (20.8%) were low among all women. Conclusion In a comprehensive review of preventive health measures for elderly women, many in poor health were screened for cancer. Meanwhile, many older women were not screened for depression or counseled about exercise, falls, or incontinence. There is a need to improve delivery of preventive health care to older women.
Variation in the Impact of Benefit Exhaustion on Unemployment Duration

Search theory predicts that individuals will be more likely to exit unemployment as they approach the exhaustion of their unemployment benefits. Theory also predicts that individuals are likely to differ in the magnitude of their response to benefit exhaustion. The first prediction has been repeatedly verified. The second prediction has not been systematically tested but a close examination of the empirical literature provides some support. Building on this theoretical and empirical basis, I develop a parsimonious specification to examine variation in the impact of benefit exhaustion. The estimator can be implemented with standard statistical packages. An empirical example indicates that less educated workers have a much lower response to benefit exhaustion than more educated workers.
Zinc uptake by rice, as affected by metabolic inhibitors and competing cations

Absorption of Zn by 14-day-old intact rice seedlings was studied in short-term uptake experiments. Severe retardation of Zn absorption by various metabolic inhibitors indicated that an active process prevails at Zn concentrations often found in soil solutions. Several cultivars all showed similar sensitivity to the metabolic inhibitor 2,4-dinitrophenol (DPN). At concentrations of 10−4 M, both FeCl2 and MnCl2 depressed Zn uptake in roots and translocation to shoots; uptake was depressed to a lesser extent with Ca. Although Mg reduced uptake by the roots, translocation to the shoots was enhanced. These results suggest that high solution concentrations of reduced Fe and Mn which develop in paddy culture may be related to Zn nutrition. This information could assist in predicting Zn deficiency and may explain correction of Zn deficiency by draining flooded rice fields.
Hepatocyte growth factor enhances IL-1β stimulated IL-8 secretion by Caco-2 epithelial cells

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) can induce proliferation and migration of intestinal epithelial cells and has also been shown to be important in wound healing of inflamed mucosal tissues. HGF is known to be expressed along with interleukin-1 (IL-1) by inflamed mucosal tissues, yet the effect of HGF on IL-1-induced proinflammatory cytokine responses by colonic epithelial cells is unknown. In this report, we have examined the effect of HGF on IL-1-induced secretion of IL-8 by the Caco-2 colonic epithelial cell line. HGF stimulation alone had no effect on the secretion of IL-8 by the Caco-2 cells. However, culture of the cells with HGF and suboptimal levels of IL-1 resulted in a significant enhancement of IL-8 secretion compared to cells cultured with IL-1 alone. A similar effect was seen with HGF and IL-1 simulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 secretion by the rat IEC-6 intestinal epithelial cell line. The enhancing effect of HGF was seen regardless of whether the culture medium contained serum or not. Simultaneous stimulation with HGF and IL-1 was required for the enhancing effect as cells pretreated with HGF for 24 h and then stimulated with IL-1 alone secreted IL-8 levels similar to that of cells stimulated with IL-1 alone. These results suggest that in addition to wound healing, HGF may play a role in the IL-1-induced chemokine response of epithelial cells in inflamed mucosal tissues.
Health-promotion behaviors of undergraduate nursing students: a survey analysis.

Abstract AIM To examine health promotion behaviors and barriers to health promotion in traditional and nontraditional nursing students in an associate degree nursing program in the northeastern United States. BACKGROUND Nursing students are exposed to concepts of health promotion in the nursing curriculum, but do not necessarily apply them to their own lives. Examining the variables affecting the health behaviors of nursing students may provide the information required to motivate lifestyle changes in this population. METHOD A cross-sectional descriptive design was used to examine the relationship between study variables. RESULTS Nontraditional nursing students participate in health promoting behaviors less often than traditional nursing students and experience more barriers to health promotion. CONCLUSION Implementation of health promotion programs targeting nontraditional students may lead to improved health among these individuals, which may result in increased success in nursing programs.
What Size Net Gives Valid Generalization

We address the question of when a network can be expected to generalize from m random training examples chosen from some arbitrary probability distribution, assuming that future test examples are drawn from the same distribution. Among our results are the following bounds on appropriate sample vs. network size. Assume 0 < e ≤ 1/8. We show that if m ≥ O(W/e log N/e) random examples can be loaded on a feedforward network of linear threshold functions with N nodes and W weights, so that at least a fraction 1 - e/2 of the examples are correctly classified, then one has confidence approaching certainty that the network will correctly classify a fraction 1 - e of future test examples drawn from the same distribution. Conversely, for fully-connected feedforward nets with one hidden layer, any learning algorithm using fewer than Ω(W/e) random training examples will, for some distributions of examples consistent with an appropriate weight choice, fail at least some fixed fraction of the time to find a weight choice that will correctly classify more than a 1 - e fraction of the future test examples.
An Expert System for Spare Parts Inventory Control

This paper describes an expert system which can handle spare part requirements not only in corrective maintenance (CM) or preventive maintenance (PM), but also when failure rates* of components or parts are updated by new data or by predictive maintenance (PDM), and which can also decide optimum stocking level of each spare part. This expert system provides a maintenance (or inventory) manager with an improved basis for decision making in the maintenance related to spare parts. The definitions of PM and PDM from NUREG-1212 [USNRC 1986] are used herein. This expert system uses Intelligence/Compiler [Intelligence Ware, 1986] as a language/tool in the IBM-PC.
Mechanically strained laser crystallized poly-silicon thin film transistors and ring oscillators fabricated on stainless steel foils

In this study we evaluated NMOS and PMOS laser crystallized poly-silicon thin- film transistors (TFTs) as well as ring oscillators on stainless steel foil substrate under tensile strain. We also evaluated poly silicon TFTs with channels oriented perpendicular to the direction of applied strain. We observed that the mobility of both NMOS and PMOS devices decreased when the strain level increased while threshold voltage and subthreshold slope stayed unchanged.
UC Berkeley's Undocumented Student Program: Holistic Strategies for Undocumented Student Equitable Success Across Higher Education

In this essay, Ruben Elias Canedo Sanchez and Meng L. So share the history and development of the Undocumented Student Program at the University of California, Berkeley. In describing the creation of the program, the authors offer reflections on the strategies employed to holistically support undocumented students' success on campus. By drawing on their experiences as both students and program leaders, they highlight key lessons on how universities can garner institutional resources, build staff capacity, and develop nontraditional allies for undocumented students.
Rodent Carcinogenicity Studies: Their Value and Limitations

While we have known since the late 1700s that certain chemicals cause cancer in man, large programs for screening the carcinogenic potential of chemicals have been initiated only in recent decades. The emphasis for cancer testing in the United States occurred with the passage of the National Cancer Act of 1971 (Page 1977). The demonstration that vinyl chloride caused cancer in man provided further impetus for testing, since 4 years earlier vinyl chloride had been shown to cause cancer in rats (Viola et al. 1971).
Empowerment Zones: Urban Revitalization Through Collaborative Enterprise

The federal government recently designated six empowerment zones in selected urban areas as an urban revitalization demonstration program. The program is derived from the enterprise zone strategy promoted by former HUD Secretary Jack Kemp that sought to address urban poverty by encouraging business growth through deregulation and tax incentives. The Clinton administration modified the original concept and now refers to the target areas as empowerment zones. As the definitions of "enterprise" and "empower" indicate, renaming the zones reflects a significant shift in emphasis-from a focus on stimulating business enterprise through reducing regulation to one in which regulation is used to enable local governments and communities to devise and implement their own collaborative approaches to human, economic, and community development.This article reviews the process by which enterprise zones became empowerment zones and the program benefits available to urban empowerment zones. I also discuss the innovative aspects of the program's recent implementation and its implications for significant community participation in planning and development.
Government Contracts and the Federal Circuit: A History of Judicial Remedies Against the Sovereign

This article reviews the origins and history of the government contracts jurisdiction of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. The foundations of this jurisdiction extend back to efforts in the early 1800s to create a mechanism to enforce judicially the Government’s obligations and to reduce the in flux of private petitions before Congress. These efforts led to the creation of an exclusive judicial forum designed to decide claims against the Government. This forum, which was known as the Court of Claims, existed for more than 120 years until Congress passed the Federal Courts Improvement Act of 1982 and created the Federal Circuit by merging the Court of Claims with the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals.
A Preliminary Exploration About The Ball Pressure Test

A brief introduction about test operation, the judgment of the pressure trace, the impact factors of the ball pressure test in the medical devices area..
Staphylococcal pneumonia in childhood. Clinical observations in 67 cases.

Factors in diagnosis and management of staphylococcal pneumonia in childhood are discussed, based on observations in 67 cases over a four year period.Early suspicion of this entity and prompt, vigorous antibiotic therapy are emphasized. Surgical drainage, usually of the closed catheter type, frequently is necessary.
The plasticity of highly oriented nano-layered Zr/Nb composites

Abstract In prior work, bulk lamellar composites of pure zirconium and niobium (Zr/Nb) were manufactured by accumulative roll bonding (ARB). After the substantial amounts of straining required to refine the layers to nanoscale dimensions, formation of highly oriented Zr crystals was observed. In this work, we employ a spatially resolved multiscale crystal plasticity based model in 3D to study the orientational stability of Zr single crystals and Zr/Nb bicrystals during rolling deformation. The analysis reveals that predominant texture components arise due to substantially reduced ratios of slip resistances among the prismatic, pyramidal I , and basal slip systems. In support, density functional theory (DFT) calculations of generalized stacking fault energy curves on these three slip systems suggest that the ratio of critical stresses to form these dislocations are within 2.5 times. This finding of reduced anisotropy in Zr at the nanoscale can provide insight into the design of nano-structuring processes for target textures, such as those containing highly oriented grains.
Endovascular Procedures for the Treatment of Peripheral Vascular Disease

Endovascular intervention is the fastest growing area of vascular medicine. Duplex ultrasound with color flow imaging has become a common technique for both arterial and venous imaging. The easiest evaluation for peripheral arterial disease is the ankle-brachial index (ABI). The risk of cardiovascular events increases by 10% for every 0.1 decrease in ABI. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and gadoliniumbased magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) are preferred alternatives to x-ray imaging with contrast in providing information about arterial anatomy and flow. Major goals of deep vein thrombosis are (1) to prevent pulmonary emboli, (2) to diminish the severity and duration of lower extremity symptoms, (3) to prevent the postthrombotic syndrome, and (4) to minimize the risk of recurrent venous thrombosis. Low molecular weight heparin appears to be as effective as unfractionated heparin in the treatment of lower extremity venous thrombosis. Patients with a large, proximal deep vein thrombosis are likely to benefit from early recanalization of obstructed iliac veins with extraction or dissolution of the thrombus. Percutaneous rheolytic thrombectomy has emerged as a therapeutic option for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVI). The best results of peripheral transluminal angioplasty are achieved when addressing stenotic lesions that are focal <3 cm, concentric, and noncalcific. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has been somewhat disappointing in the treatment of femoropopliteal arterial stenoses with a high rate of restenosis. Stents in this position have also carried a high rate of restenosis and are prone to compression, deformity, and fractures that lead to restenosis. Sirolimus-coated stents have reduced the frequency of restenosis. Atherectomy is used to treat peripheral vascular disease. Endoluminal stent grafts are indicated primarily in the treatment of aneurysms, fistulas, and sealing vessel perforations. Angioplasty and stenting are the treatments of choice for atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis. All endovascular carotid interventions currently performed are stent-based with an embolic protection device.
Clinical spectrum of blunt tracheobronchial disruption illustrated by seven cases

Tracheobronchial disruption resulting from blunt trauma is unusual, but when it does occur it can have serious immediate and delayed consequences. A high index of suspicion for this injury and an awareness of the variety of clinical, radiographic, and bronchoscopic presentations are the key elements in diagnosis. Our experience with seven patients with blunt tracheobronchial trauma seen from 1972 through 1980 is reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the importance of early diagnosis to avoid the complications associated with delayed repair.
Conscience in the Essays of Montaigne and Johnson

The classic practitioners of the essay as an exercise of conscience are Montaigne and Samuel Johnson. Johnson and Montaigne differ in their substantive concerns, their ways of proceeding in ethical reflection, and their understandings of the essay form. Montaigne’s essays were published together in ‘Books’ in several editions; Johnson’s Rambler, Adventurer, and Idler essays, shorter and more clearly focused on one topic than Montaigne’s, were published individually as periodical essays or as regularly appearing sections of a newspaper. The essay developed considerably between the 1580s and the 1750s, and the writing of essays played different roles in the personal and professional lives of Montaigne and Johnson. Although they are rather different in many ways, however, the essays of Montaigne and Johnson also share certain crucial ethical concerns, and they are generally recognized as classic examples of the moral essay. In whatever way the outer boundaries of this genre are defined, their writings are central paradigms which give the moral essay its identity and significance both as a literary form and as a mode of ethical reflection. Indeed, their work shapes our very conception of the nature of the essay. Why this is so deserves interpretation.
Regularization with linear equality constraints

This paper is an exposition of the basic theory of regularization for an ill-posed linear operator equation subject to a linear operator constraint. The ordinary theory of regularization is subsumed as a special case. The theory is developed by changing the geometric structure of the underlying Hilbert space and invoking well known results on generalized inverses. In addition to the basic theory, the convergence of an approximation method, including a finite element implementation, is considered.
High performance radiation hardened register cell design on standard CMOS process

We propose a new radiation hardened flip flop design suitable for mainstream CMOS processing flow. The simulation results show shorter data to Q delay than sense amplifier type flip flop used in Alpha 21264 microprocessor.
The Criminal Justice System in Transition: Assisting Victims of Crime

The movement to call attention to and assist victims of crime in the United States was closely tied in with other movements such as the civil rights movement and women’s movement. Until the 1950s, the victims of crime were chiefly viewed in terms of being witnesses for the prosecution who were called to testify against persons charged with crimes against them. As the mass media drew attention to the inequalities of the justice system, the needs of minorities, women, and victims drawn into the system received more attention. Federal legislation passed in the 1970s provided funding for the establishment of victim services agencies. Gradually, state legislators enacted laws that benefited victims of crime in terms of offering compensation and other types of assistance to those physically or materially harmed by criminal activity. The justice system followed suit by involving the victims in the judicial component through victim impact statements and creating dispositions that would protect the victims from future victimization by convicted offenders.
Prostate zonal anatomy correlates with the detection of prostate cancer on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging/ultrasound fusion-targeted biopsy in patients with a solitary PI-RADS v2-scored lesion.

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the positive predictive value (PPV) of the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2 (PI-RADS v2) assessment method in patients with a single suspicious finding on prostate multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). Patients and methods A total of 176 patients underwent MRI/ultrasound fusion–targeted prostate biopsy after the detection of a single suspicious finding on mpMRI. The PPV for cancer detection was determined based on PI-RADS v2 assessment score and location. Results Fusion biopsy detected prostate cancer in 60.2% of patients. Of these patients, 69.8% had Gleason score (GS) ≥7 prostate cancer. Targeted biopsy detected 90.5% of all GS≥7 prostate cancer. The PPV for GS≥7 detection of PI-RADS v2 category 5 (P5) and category 4 (P4) lesions was 70.2% and 37.7%, respectively. This increased to 88% and 38.5% for P5 and P4 lesions in the peripheral zone (PZ), respectively. Targeted biopsy did not miss GS≥7 disease compared with systematic biopsy in P5 lesions in the PZ and transition zone. Conclusion The PPV of PI-RADS v2 for prostate cancer in patients with a single lesion on mpMRI is dependent on PI-RADS assessment category and location. The highest PPV was for a P5 lesion in the PZ.
Fast Dissolving Dendrimer Nanofiber Mats as Alternative to Eye Drops for More Efficient Antiglaucoma Drug Delivery

Polyamidoamine dendrimers have been investigated as a potential platform for a number of ocular drugs but only in aqueous solution. In this work, we have developed fast dissolving dendrimer-based nanofibers (DNF) as a topical delivery vehicle for the glaucoma drug brimonidine tartrate (BT). The safety and drug release kinetics of these nanofiber mats were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. DNF caused no toxicity at therapeutic levels in cultured cells or ocular irritation in animal tests using a normotensive rat model. Intraocular pressure response was equivalent between DNF and BT solutions in a single dose test, but DNF showed significantly improved efficacy with daily dosing over a 3-week test period. This study indicates electrospun dendrimer nanofibers are a viable alternative to eye drops as a more efficient method of topically administering antiglaucoma drug.
Stereo Imaging of Internal Fiducials Indicates Intrafractional Tumor Deformation during CyberKnife SBRT

In this study, we analyzed fiducial position data of three lung, two liver and one pancreas patients treated by CyberKnife SBRT in order to assess the deformation of moving tumors. Each patient had 4 fiducials implanted in or near the tumor as the surrogates for tracking the tumor. The fiducial positions in 3D were determined based on a pair of orthogonal x-ray images. The centroids of each fiducial in the image pair were first digitized manually and paired. The 3D coordinates of the fiducial was then derived using the geometry of CyberKnife imaging system for real-time tumor tracking. For each patient, about 20 pairs of images were analyzed in time sequence. The sum of the inter-fiducial distances was calculated as a parameter for a surrogate tumor volume, and the tumor volume is assumed proportional to the cube of the sum of the distance based on scaling laws.
Truth, Al Jazeera, and Crisis Journalism

Truth is the generally accepted standard of news media organizations and of social media networks. Most of the codes of ethics including Al Jazeeraâ€™s specify the reportersâ€™ duty to tell the truth. In the traditional view, objective reporting is not merely the standard of competent professionalism, but considered a moral imperative. With the dominant scheme increasingly controversial, theoretical work in international media ethics seeks to transform it intellectually. Truth needs to be released from its parochial moorings in the West and given a global understanding. A new concept of truth as authentic disclosure accomplishes this, and that definition means to get at the core issue, to see the essence of things. The question in researching Al Jazeera is whether it practices what might be called â€œinterpretive sufficiency.â€ This is a robust view of news as knowledge production, in contrast with news as simply informational. Using Al Jazeera as a case study, the new definition of truth-as-disclosure is applied to crisis journalism.
Finite Element Analysis of Porous Media

The equations governing the mechanics of porous media have been presented in Chap. 6. The general formulations (i.e., the full formulation presented in Sect. 6.2.4) were specialized to obtain two specific formulations: (a) The u–u–p formulation (Sect. 6.3.4) and (b) the u–p formulation (Sect. 6.4.2). In the present chapter, the weak forms and finite element equations are developed for the u–p formulation. The finite element equations for the full and u–u–p formulations may be obtained by following a procedure similar to that in this chapter (see Problem 7.1 for the u–u–p formulation).
Displacer concentration effects in displacement chromatography: Implications for trace solute detection

Abstract In this paper, the utility of ion-exchange displacement chromatography for the concentration and enrichment of trace proteins is examined. Separations with varying displacer concentrations (1–25 mM neomycin sulfate) indicate that higher concentrations result in elevated protein concentrations, at the price of reduced yields. The results demonstrate that displacement chromatography carried out at relatively low displacer concentrations (2.5 mM) can produce significant concentration (8.5-fold) and enrichment (18-fold) of trace proteins present in the feed. Parametric simulations using the steric mass action model are carried out to investigate the concentration effects and enrichment factors observed over a wide range of feed, displacer and buffer counter-ion concentrations, and solute separation factors. The simulations confirm that trace components can be readily concentrated and enriched by displacement chromatography and that these effects will be more pronounced as the separation factor between trace and abundant components is increased. The results presented in this paper indicate the potential of displacement chromatography for improved separations where trace enrichment is critical such as proteomic applications.
Neurotransmitter Release During Deep Brain Stimulation

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is currently under investigation for treatment of a number of psychiatric indications, including obsessive–compulsive disorder, treatment-resistant depression, and Tourette’s syndrome. Despite its clinical efficacy, the mechanism of action of DBS is incompletely understood. Contrary to the previously proposed mechanism of local inhibition of neural elements at the stimulation site, recent studies have argued that DBS may also cause excitation of efferent target neurons and subsequent changes in neural network activity and neurotransmitter release at various nodes within the neural network. However, the necessary link between symptom change and a corresponding change in neurotransmitters has yet to be firmly established and will be essential to advance our understanding of psychiatric neurobiology. In this chapter, we briefly review the growing scientific evidence in regard to neurotransmitter release as a possible mechanism of action of DBS and the potential impact on neuropsychiatric applications.
Lessons from a Lawyer’s Life

The author, scholar-in-residence at Pace Law School, received the 2013 ABA Award for Distinguished Achievement in Environmental Law and Policy. A pioneer in the early years of environmental protection, she expands in this space on her remarks in accepting the honor, drawing insights for today’s environmental professionals.
Strongly-Connected Outerplanar Graphs with Proper Touching Triangle Representations

A proper touching triangle representation $\mathcal{R}$ of an n-vertex planar graph consists of a triangle divided into n non-overlapping triangles. A pair of triangles are considered to be adjacent if they share a partial side of positive length. Each triangle in $\mathcal{R}$ represents a vertex, while each pair of adjacent triangles represents an edge in the planar graph. We consider the problem of determining when a proper touching triangle representation exists for a strongly-connected outerplanar graph, which is biconnected and after the removal of all degree-2 vertices and outeredges, the resulting connected subgraph only has chord edges w.r.t. the original graph. We show that such a graph has a proper representation if and only if the graph has at most two internal faces i.e., faces with no outeredges.
Using process elicitation and validation to understand and improve chemotherapy ordering and delivery.

Article-at-a-Glance Background Chemotherapy ordering and administration, in which errors have potentially severe consequences, was quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated by employing process formalism (or formal process definition), a technique derived from software engineering, to elicit and rigorously describe the process, after which validation techniques were applied to confirm the accuracy of the described process. Methods The chemotherapy ordering and administration process, including exceptional situations and individuals' recognition of and responses to those situations, was elicited through informal, unstructured interviews with members of an interdisciplinary team. The process description (or process definition), written in a notation developed for software quality assessment purposes, guided process validation (which consisted of direct observations and semistructured interviews to confirm the elicited details for the treatment plan portion of the process). Results The overall process definition yielded 467 steps; 207 steps (44%) were dedicated to handling 59 exceptional situations. Validation yielded 82 unique process events (35 new expected but not yet described steps, 16 new exceptional situations, and 31 new steps in response to exceptional situations). Process participants actively altered the process as ambiguities and conflicts were discovered by the elicitation and validation components of the study. Chemotherapy error rates declined significantly during and after the project, which was conducted from October 2007 through August 2008. Discussion Each elicitation method and the subsequent validation discussions contributed uniquely to understanding the chemotherapy treatment plan review process, supporting rapid adoption of changes, improved communication regarding the process, and ensuing error reduction.
Multi-rate simulation accuracy improvement for linear systems using hold networks

For real-time simulation of a system consisting of subsystems with widely ranging dynamics, multi-rate is a way of maintaining overall accuracy while at the same time retaining the real-time feature. This paper provides a technique, applicable to tri-rate simulations, for identifying which combinations of subsystem integration step sizes will result in an acceptable level of accuracy. This technique is then applied to studying the effects of using different types of hold networks for information transfer between simulation subsystems on simulation accuracy. Simulation results using a tri-rate sixth order linear circuit are used to illustrate the effect on accuracy using a zero, first, or second order hold. A frequency domain interpretation of the hold transfer functions provides an explanation for the improvement in accuracy when higher order holds are used.
Therapeutic Storytelling Revisited

This article (a) relates the many beneficial features that employing stories in psychotherapy can have, (b) offers guidelines for presenting, clarifying, and applying them to patients' unique situations, and (c) presents a sample of therapeutic stories that may be used with a variety of patients. The work is intended to build upon, and is heavily indebted to, the work of many previous authors in the tradition of therapeutic storytelling.
CHILDREN'S SENSITIVITY TO AESTHETIC PROPERTIES OF LINE DRAWINGS

When psychologists reflect about children’s drawings, they focus primarily on such “non-aesthetic”, cognitive aspects as representational ability, sequencing, planning strategies or accuracy in copying (e.g. Butterworth, 1977; Freeman, 1980; Goodnow, 1977; Piaget and Inhelder, 1967). When artists reflect about children’s drawings, they customarily focus on very different facets. In particular, artists are apt to search for aesthetic properties in early drawings. The child is often thought to be a natural artist, and adult artists often point to the value of the innocent eye - of seeing with the freshness of vision of the child. Paul Klee believed that the origins of art were to be found in the nursery (Gardner, 1980), and Pablo Picasso commented, “Once I drew like Raphael, but it has taken me a whole lifetime to learn to draw like children” (de Meredieu, 1974, p.13). Clearly artists and psychologists are looking at children’s drawings through different lenses.
Animal Models for Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety disorders, including panic attacks, are ancient disorders which had been well described prior to DSM-III and more recent writers. As part of the rediscovery of this set of disorders, we are in the process of emphasizing their neurobiological aspects and discovering newer ways of treating them with psychopharmacological and/or behavioral means. Studies of the developmental and social origins of anxiety disorders have, unfortunately, become a lower priority item.
Intraoperative Real-Time Localization of Parathyroid Glands with Autofluorescence Imaging

Abstract This is a video outlining the use and clinical applicability of near-infrared imaging, autofluorescence (AF), to identify parathyroid glands in endocrine surgery. Identification of parathy...
TURK-SWITCH: The Tariff-Leverage and Legal Case for Turkey’s Switch from EU–Turkey Customs Union to FTAs with the European Union and Beyond

Soon after becoming a World Trade Organization Member, Turkey established a Customs Union with the European Union, its biggest trade partner. Despite negotiating an average 42.6 percent tariff on slightly more than one-third of industrial goodsâleaving remaining industrial goods unbound from World Trade Organization commitmentsâTurkey, pursuant to the Customs Union, eliminated all tariffs on European Union industrial imports. Turkey also implemented the significantly lower European Union Common External Tariffsâbindings averaging 4.1 percentâon all industrial imports from other World Trade Organization Members. In return, Turkey expected the Customs Union to be the ticket to eventual, full European Union membership. Following the non-binding yet politically significant July 2017 European Union Parliament vote suspending accession talks and the recent European Union Council âconclusionâ foreclosing negotiations toward âmodernizationâ of the Customs Union, Turkeyâs hopes for membership or a less asymmetric Customs Union have faded. This article explains why Turkeyâs switch from Customs Union to pursuing free trade agreements with the European Union and other countries would advance its overall trade interests and sketches how this move could be operationalized, both legally and transactionally. (JEL: F13, F53, F55).
Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults with Colorectal Cancer.

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a topic of great importance among older patients with cancer. Here we review the literature on HRQoL in older patients with colon and rectal cancer. HRQoL in older cancer patients with colon and rectal cancer can be impacted by care delivery model, use of selected treatments (i.e., chemotherapy), and the trajectory of the patient after surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC). HRQoL is an important outcome for older cancer patients. Greater numbers of older patients are undergoing treatment for CRC and may experience wide variations in quality of life during and after treatment. Trials should be developed with HRQoL as a primary outcome, and interventions need to be developed to maintain or improve HRQoL in older patients with cancer.
Isolated Polyethylene Insert Exchange for Flexion Instability After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty Demonstrated Excellent Results in Properly Selected Patients.

Abstract Background Historically, isolated polyethylene exchange (IPE) for flexion instability after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has demonstrated generally poor and unpredictable results. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of a single surgeon’s strict indications and protocol for IPE for flexion instability after primary TKA. Methods Between 2009 and 2016, 418 revision TKAs were performed by the senior author. Patients were considered for IPE if they demonstrated excellent radiographic alignment and component positioning preoperatively. Intraoperatively, if component rotation, sizing, and fixation were all excellent and the flexion and extension gaps could be balanced, then IPE was performed. We retrospectively reviewed 31 knees in 30 patients who were treated with IPE specifically for flexion instability after primary TKA. The mean follow-up was 41 months (range, 24-85 months). Nineteen knees were cruciate-retaining TKAs revised to a more constrained “deep-dish” ultracongruent insert, and 12 posterior-stabilized TKAs were revised to thicker posterior-stabilized insert. Results At a mean follow-up of 41 months, only 2 of 31 knees (6.5%) required subsequent component revision surgery for recurrent instability. Knee Society pain scores improved from 70 preoperatively to 86 postoperatively (P Conclusion IPE for flexion instability in carefully selected patients was successful in over 90% of patients for a mean follow-up of 41 months. Pain and function scores significantly improved. Longer-term follow-up is necessary to determine whether these results are durable over time.
The Froebelian Kindergarten as an International Movement.

In the dawn of June 21, 1852, there died in a remote Prussian mountain village a man so supremely self-confident that he predicted his ideas on education and human relationships would not be adopted for two centuries. Called “The Old Fool” by his neighbors and “The Seer” by a devoted following of educators and philosophers, he died serenely despite the knowledge that his life’s work had just been outlawed by a hostile government. Few outside the field of early childhood education have heard the name of Friedrich Froebel, yet most lives in the literate world have been touched by his intellectual legacy. Perhaps the time has already come for Froebel to be understood. His theories are in the contemporary mood of Piaget and the child-centered educators. Stripped of the sentimental veneers that were applied during the Victorian age, these theories emphasized development of cognitive skills and of a positive self-image that would sustain a student over a lifetime of learning.
Game Spacing and Density in Relation to the Risk of Injuries in the National Hockey League.

Background:Ice hockey has significant workload demands. Research of other sports has suggested that decreased rest between games as well as an increased workload may increase the risk of injuries.P...
Immune activation: A link between food insecurity and chronic disease in people living with HIV.

Persistent immune activation is a hallmark of HIV infection and thought to play a role on chronic diseases in people with HIV (PWH). Food insecurity is disproportionately prevalent in PWH and is associated with adverse health outcomes. We determined whether food insecurity was associated with increased plasma levels of sCD14, sCD27, and sCD163 in 323 antiretroviral -treated PWH from the Miami Adult Studies on HIV (MASH) Cohort. Nearly half (42.7%) of participants were food insecure and 85.5% were virally suppressed (<200 copies/mL). Food insecurity was independently associated with higher levels of sCD14 and sCD27. Very low food security was associated with increased sCD163 levels among those with lower CD4+ cell counts. Food insecurity may promote immune activation in PWH, suggesting a biological link between food insecurity and chronic disease among PWH. Improving financial security and access to high-quality diets could reduce the burden of disease in this highly vulnerable population.
Review of "Rhetorical work in emergency medical services: Communicating in the unpredictable workplace by Elizabeth Angeli," Angeli, E. L. (2019). Rhetorical work in emergency medical services: communicating in the unpredictable workplace. Routledge

In Rhetorical Work in Emergency Medical Services: Communicating in the Unpredictable Workplace (2019), Elizabeth L. Angeli explores the unpredictable workplaces which are the locations of emergency...
Part-time work and health in the United States: The role of state policies.

Abstract Part-time work is a common work arrangement in the United States that can be precarious, insecure, and lacking opportunities for advancement. In turn, part-time work, especially involuntary part-time work, tends to be associated with worse health outcomes. Although prior research documents heterogeneity in the health consequences of precarious work across countries, we do not know whether state-level institutional contexts shape the association between part-time work and self-rated health in the United States. Using data from the Current Population Survey (2009–2019; n = 813,077), the present study examined whether linkages between part-time work and self-rated health are moderated by state-level social policies and contexts. At the population level, we document differences in the prevalence of fair/poor health among part-time workers across states. For instance, 21% of involuntary part-time workers reported fair/poor health in West Virginia compared to 7% of involuntary part-time workers in Massachusetts. Findings also provide evidence that voluntary (β =.51) and involuntary (β=.57) part-time work is associated with greater odds of fair/poor health among individuals. Moreover, the association between voluntary part-time work and self-rated health is weaker for individuals living in states with higher amounts for maximum unemployment insurance, higher minimum wage, and lower income inequality. State-level policies did not moderate the association between involuntary part-time work and health. The present study points to the need to mitigate the health consequences of part-time work with social policies that enhance the health of workers.
Does DSM-5 Change Who Gets Diagnosed with Alzheimer Disease, and Who’s Checking? (P6.179)

OBJECTIVES: To determine how often, in an ambulatory care setting, a new diagnosis of Alzheimer disease would be supported using DSM-IV-TR criteria vs. DSM-5. BACKGROUND: Diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer disease are well validated, widely disseminated, but inconsistently used. The new DSM changes in diagnostic criteria could affect who would qualify for an Alzheimer diagnosis. In DSM-5, patients who function well can be diagnosed with Alzheimer disease as a “mild” neurocognitive disorder, whereas DSM-IV-TR required significant functional loss. Also, DSM-5 requires both a history-based opinion of cognitive decline (from patient, informant, or clinician), plus cognitive deficit on formal testing. However, DSM-IV-TR was silent on how to infer cognitive loss, and did not require quantified assessment. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed patient charts in a university based multispecialty ambulatory care clinic. We identified new diagnoses of Alzheimer disease (ICD9 code 331.0). We limited our search to neurology, primary care, and geriatric clinicians. We read each patient chart to identify whether or not medical documentation established criteria for a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease using either DSM-IV-TR or DSM-5. RESULTS: We identified 194 patients with new diagnoses of Alzheimer disease, otherwise meeting screening criteria, between 2008 - 2013. Of these, 98 (50.5[percnt]) would have met criteria for Alzheimer disease using DSM-IV-TR vs. 102 (52.6[percnt]) using DSM-5 (Chi square = 0.171, p=0.918), but, compared to these numbers, only 65 (33.5[percnt]) would have met criteria under both DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5 (Chi square = 12.917, p = 0.0003). CONCLUSION: When Alzheimer disease is diagnosed, only about half the time does medical documentation support the diagnosis using either DSM-IV-TR or DSM-5 criteria. Moreover, the change from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5 changes which specific individual patients would be diagnosed. Disclosure: Dr. Shenker has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bhatia has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kandimalla has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wadhwa has nothing to disclose.
ADRENAL CATECHOLAMINE(CA)CONTENT IN ASPHYXIATED 10 DAY OLD RAT PUPS

Top of pageAbstract Since full neuromaturation of the splanchnic adrenomedullary system in the rat pups does not occur until T 10 days post delivery, we investigated the CA adrenal content in response to 6 minutes of asphyxia (A) induced by sealing 2 ten day old pups per bag in lab storage bags at T 39.0°C. Immediately upon removal from the bag, each pup was dispatched and trunk blood was collected for blood gas analysis. Control(CT)pups were likewise dispatched and organs taken. Adrenal glands were taken and immediate ly processed for dopamine(DA),norepinephrine(NE) and epinephrine (EPI) concentrations by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. The experimental animals showed severe respiratory acidosis without hypoxemia and no depletion of adrenal CA. Respiratory acidosis without hypoxia does not deplete adrenal CA stores in the 10 day old rat pup. Whether this lack of depletion is related to stressor (asphyxia without hypoxemia)and/or neuromedullary maturation, remains to be determined.
Estudio de diez casos de encefalitis letárgica epidémica

La aparicion en forma epidemica de una rara enfermedad que afecta profundamente el sistema nervioso central ha suscitado, durante estos ultimos tres anos, mucho interes en el mundo cientifico. Esta enfermedad ha sido estudiada con mayor ahinco en Austria y Australia, en donde aparecio en 1917 y en Inglaterra, Francia y Estados Unidos en donde se presento despues.
Raising the Bar for the "Perfect Reaction"

Amines are usually produced from alcohols with a solid-acid catalyst. Billions of kilograms of amines are produced each year to go into products such as shampoos, carpets, and fabric conditioners, and pharmaceuticals. In his Perspective, [Hartwig][1] highlights the synthetic route described by [Seayad][2] et al . The method enables amine synthesis directly from isomeric mixtures of alkenes, without the need to make the alcohol first. As a result of this elimination of a key intermediate step, the method may lead to cleaner and more efficient production of amines. [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/297/5587/1653 [2]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/short/297/5587/1676
Estrogen receptor alpha-positive and negative mouse mammary tumors through somatic mutations of p53 in mammary carcinogenesis

Approximately 70% of human breast cancers are estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-positive, but the origins of ERα-positive and ERα-negativetumors remain unclear. Most mouse models produce only ERα-negative tumors. In addition, these mouse tumors metastasize at a low rate relative to human breast tumors. We report that somatic mutations of p53 in mouse mammary epithelial cells lead to ERα-positive and ERα-negative tumors. p53 inactivation in pre-pubertal/pubertal mice, but not in adult mice, leads to the development of ERα-positive tumors, suggesting that developmental stages influence the availability of ERα-positive tumor origin cells. These tumors have a high rate of metastasis that is independent of tumor latency. An inverse relationship between the number of targeted cells and median tumor latency was also observed. The median tumor latency reaches a plateau when targeted cell numbers exceed 20%, implying the existence of saturation kinetics for breast carcinogenesis. Genetic alterations commonly observed in human breast cancer including c-myc amplification and Her2/Neu/erbB2 activation were seen in these mouse tumors. Since it is feasible to isolate ERα-positive epithelial cells from normal mammary glands and tumors, molecular mechanisms underlying ERα-positive and ERα-negative mammary carcinogenesis can be systematically addressed using this model.