cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
EMOTION REGULATION DEFICITS AS MEDIATORS BETWEEN TRAUMA EXPOSURE AND BORDERLINE SYMPTOMS

We tested a model of mechanisms linking the experience of trauma exposure with borderline personality symptoms via deficits in core aspects of emotion regulation. Participants were college students (N = 579). History of traumatic exposure and negative affectivity were positively and emotional intelligence inversely associated with borderline symptoms. These effects were mediated via alexithymia. Deficits in identifying and describing emotions, in turn, were associated with poor tolerance for emotional distress and an increase in acting rashly when negatively aroused. Finally, distress tolerance exhibited both direct, and indirect (via urgency), associations with borderline personality symptoms. Deficits in the ability to identify, describe, and understand emotion are related to intolerance for distress and impulsive behavior when negatively aroused. The effects of distress tolerance are consistent with theoretical models that posit that intolerance for distress contributes to deficits in behavioral regulation. Borderline personality symptoms reflect deficits in behavioral control when negatively aroused as well as a pattern of negative evaluations, poor self-efficacy, and emotional absorption contributing to marked interference with adaptive goal directed activity when distressed.
Gestational diabetes or lesser degrees of glucose intolerance and risk of preeclampsia.

Objective. We evaluated the association of 1-h oral glucose challenge test (OGCT) and 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results with preeclampsia. Methods. A retrospective cohort study was performed among 26,105 women. Results. Preeclampsia was associated with the upper OGCT quartiles [114–132 mg/dL: odds ratio (OR) = 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09–1.44; >132 mg/dL: OR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.21–1.61] compared with <98 mg/dL adjusting for age, primigravidity, and gestational diabetes, and also to one abnormal OGTT value (adjusted OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.09–1.75) or gestational diabetes (adjusted OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.15–1.83). Conclusion. Higher glucose levels are associated with preeclampsia suggesting a pathophysiological role for glucose metabolism.
A metaheuristic for the vehicle-routeing problem with soft time windows

This paper develops a metaheuristic for the vehicle-routeing and scheduling problem with soft time window constraints. A tabu search solution method is developed, which utilizes a mixed neighbourhood structure and an advanced recovery procedure to generate high-quality solutions. Computational results on test problems from the literature are reported. The metaheuristic achieves solutions that compare favourably with previously reported results.
Parathyroid function in patients with Paget's disease treated with salmon calcitonin.

SUMMARY To study the possibility of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with Paget's disease treated with calcitonin over a long period, we investigated parathyroid function in eleven patients treated with salmon calcitonin (CT) for up to 23 months and in one patient treated with human CT. Basal plasma calcium, immuno-reactive parathyroid hormone (PTH) and serum phosphorus levels were all in the normal range before and after the treatment and did not change significantly during the treatment. In all patients, an acute fall in calcium and a rise in PTH occurred after the initial injection of CT. The rise in PTH was proportional to the fall in calcium and similar to that observed in normal subjects. After treatment, the rise in plasma PTH remained the same in relation to the fall in calcium, indicating that the responsiveness of the parathyroid glands to the hypocalcaemic challenge was unaltered, and that secondary hyperparathyroidism was not present in these patients.
Analysing theoretical frameworks of moral education through Lakatos’s philosophy of science

The structure of studies of moral education is basically interdisciplinary; it includes moral philosophy, psychology, and educational research. This article systematically analyses the structure of studies of moral educational from the vantage points of philosophy of science. Among the various theoretical frameworks in the field of philosophy of science, this article mainly utilizes the perspectives of Lakatos’s research program. In particular, the article considers the relations and interactions between different fields, including moral philosophy, psychology, and educational research. Finally, the potential impacts of the new trends emerging from natural sciences that seem to be challenging to existing theoretical frameworks of moral education are examined using the vantage points of philosophy of science.
GAMID: using genetic algorithms for the inference of DNA motifs that are represented in only a subset of sequences of interest

In this work, we present GAMID, an extension of GAMI (Genetic Algorithms for Motif Inference), which allows the system to ignore some of the sequences when looking for candidate conserved motifs in noncoding DNA. This ability is useful both when looking for candidate motifs in co-expressed genes (where it is not expected that all genes respond to the same transcription factors) and when looking for candidate motifs in divergent species (where functional elements might appear only in related species). In these cases, we would like to allow the inferred motif to be present in only a subset of the input data. This paper provides background information about the problem, describes our approach, and presents results. By excluding some sequences from the match process, GAMID succeeds at finding known functional elements.
Acceptability of Water, Selected Beverages and Foods as a Function of Serving Temperature

In Experiment 1 the consumer acceptability of water, four fruit-flavored beverages and tea was examined at five serving temperatures (38°, 52°, 74°, 97° and 120°F). Results showed significant main effects of beverage and temperature on acceptability ratings and a significant beverage × temperature interaction. Pure water, which was moderately acceptable at low serving temperatures, was the most unacceptable of all samples at high temperatures. In Experiment 2 the acceptability of three beverages and ten solid foods was examined at five serving temperatures (40°, 55°, 70°, 100° and 135°F). Results showed that the acceptability of each food item was greatest in the temperature range at which the food is normally served; except for foods normally served at ambient temperatures. The importance of temperature/acceptability functions for food and beverage selection under conditions where heating and/or cooling is not feasible, and the relationship of the present data to data on temperature/intensity functions in taste were discussed.
Isotopic abundance of iron-58

The natural relative abundance of iron-58 has been determined by neutron activation analysis using Fe2O3 enriched in the isotope as comparator standard. The value obtained is 0.280∓0.003%. This result, while confirming a recent work, differs significantly from that listed by most commonly used reference tabulations.
Rosie’s East End Restaurant: An experiential introduction to auditing

Abstract This short interactive case introduces several auditing concepts in the context of a familiar activity: verifying the accuracy of a restaurant bill. You will work in student teams to first determine whether the bill is accurate, and then to decide whether you are willing to pay it. During the exercise, you will keep track of the various steps and procedures you used in making your decisions. After you complete the exercise, your instructor will relate the activity to various auditing topics in the auditing process such as audit evidence, internal control, materiality, professional responsibilities and the concept of “fairly stated.” Hundreds of students have completed this exercise and report that it has helped them grasp many essential features of the auditing process, while providing a useful frame of reference for more complex aspects of the audit process.
A moving-resting process with an embedded Brownian motion for animal movements

Animal movements are of great importance in studying home ranges, migration routes, resource selection, and social interactions. The Global Positioning System provides relatively continuous animal tracking over time and long distances. Nevertheless, the continuous trajectory of an animal's movement is usually only observed at dis- crete time points. Brownian bridge models have been used to model movement of an animal between two observed locations within a reasonably short time interval. Assuming that animals are in perpetual motion, these models ignore inactivity such as resting or sleeping. Using the latest developments in applied probability, we propose a mov- ing-resting process model where an animal is assumed to alternate between a moving state, during which it moves in a Brownian motion, and a resting state, during which it does not move. Theoretical properties of the process are studied as a first step towards more realistic models for animal movements. Analytic expressions are derived for the distribution of one increment and two consecutive increments, and are validated with simulations. The induced bridge model conditioning on the starting and end points is used to compute an animal's probability of occurrence in an observation area during the time of observation, which has wide applications in wildlife behavior research.
National Study on the Quality of Emergency Department Care in the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction and Pneumonia

Objectives: To measure the quality of emergency department (ED) care for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and pneumonia (PNA) and to estimate the number of preventable deaths in these patients. Methods: The authors performed a cross sectional study of ED visits with the diagnosis of AMI or PNA from 1998 to 2004. Data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey were used. The study involved 544 EDs across the United States. The authors measured the proportion of patients receiving recommended therapies for AMI (aspirin and β-blockers [BBs]) and PNA (appropriate antibiotics and pulse oximetry). The excess deaths associated with current care were estimated. Results: Aspirin was administered to 40% and BBs to 17% of patients with AMI. Recommended antibiotics were administered to 69% and pulse oximetry was measured in 46% of patients with PNA. During the study period, the percentage receiving BBs and recommended antibiotics increased. There were more than 2.7 million opportunities to improve care and 22,000 excess deaths per year associated with current treatment of AMI and PNA. Conclusions: Quality of care in the ED management of AMI and PNA is below national goals. This deficiency accounts for significant preventable deaths.
A peptide mapping technique--a three map system.

Abstract A high resolution peptide mapping system has been described. The method utilizes three maps for separation of the acidic, basic, and neutral constituents of a proteolytic digest of a protein. Peptides from a proteolytic digest are separated by electrophoresis at pH 6.5 into acidic, basic, and neutral peptides. The secondddimensional electrophoresis is performed at pH 2.1 for each of acidic peptides and basic peptides. The third map is prepared from the neutral peptides. For this map, paper chromatography was used for the first dimension and electrophoresis at pH 2.1 for the second dimension.
Racial variation in the use of life-sustaining treatments among patients who die after major elective surgery

Abstract Background Although various studies have documented increased life-sustaining treatments among racial minorities in medical patients, whether similar disparities exist in surgical patients is unknown. Methods A retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2006 to 2011) examining patients older than 39 years who died after elective colectomy was performed. Primary predictor variable was race, and main outcome was the use of life-sustaining treatment. Results In univariate analysis, significant differences existed in use of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR; black, 35.9%; Hispanic, 29.0%; other, 24.5%; white, 11.7%; P = .002) and reintubation (Hispanic, 75.0%; other, 69.0%; black, 52.3%; white, 45.2%; P = .01). In multivariate analysis, black (odds ratio [OR], 3.67; P = .01) and Hispanic (OR, 4.21; P = .03) patients were more likely to have undergone CPR, and Hispanic patients (OR, 4.24; P = .01) were more likely to have been reintubated (reference: white). Conclusions Blacks and Hispanics had increased odds of experiencing CPR, and Hispanics were more likely to have been reintubated before death after a major elective operation. These variations may imply worse quality of death and increased associated costs.
Incidental Pulmonary Embolus in Transit During Left Ventricular Assist Device Implant

A 35-year-old man with a medical history of Marfan’s syndrome, end-stage nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, and a recent stroke presumed to be cardioembolic in origin was referred for left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement as a bridge to transplantation. Consent was obtained from him for publication of his case. He was taken to the operating room for implantation of a Heartmate II LVAD, where intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography unexpectedly revealed a large mobile echodensity in the right atrium and right ventricle (Fig 1, arrow, and Videos 1 and 2). This thrombus was removed (Fig 2), and the LVAD was implanted uneventfully. An inferior vena cava filter was placed postoperatively. Despite unfractionated heparin infusion rates of 2500 units per hour, he did not achieve target partial thromboplastin times. Fresh frozen plasma was administered
Structural changes in (Na+ + K+)-ATPase accompanying detergent inactivation

Structural changes in the purified (Na+ + K+)-ATPase accompanying detergent inactivation were investigated by monitoring changes in light scattering, intrinsic protein fluorescence, and tryptophan to beta-parinaric acid fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Two phases of inactivation were observed using the non-ionic detergents, digitonin, Lubrol WX and Triton X-100. The rapid phase involves detergent monomer insertion but little change in protein structure or little displacement of closely associated lipids as judged by intrinsic protein fluorescence and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Lubrol WX and Triton X-100 also caused membrane fragmentation during the rapid phase. The slower phase of inactivation results in a completely inactive enzyme in a particle of 400 000 daltons with 20 mol/mol of associated phospholipid. Fluorescence changes during the course of the slow phase indicate some dissociation of protein-associated lipids and an accompanying protein conformational change. It is concluded that non-parallel inhibition of (Na+ + K+)-ATPase and p-nitrophenylphosphate activity by digitonin (which occurs during the rapid phase of inactivation) is unlikey to require a change in the oligomeric state of the enzyme. It is also concluded that at least 20 mol/mol of tightly associated lipid are necessary for either (Na+ + K+)-ATPase or p-nitrophenylphosphatase activity and that the rate-limiting step in the slow inactivation phase involves dissociation of an essential lipid.
Transformation-specific secreted phosphoproteins

We have previously shown that transformed mammalian cells secrete two classes of transformation-specific proteins of molecular weight (MW) about 60,000 (ref. 1). Secretion of both classes of proteins occurs regardless of the transforming agent and is temperature-sensitive in a cell line which is temperature-sensitive for the transformed phenotype (ts B77 Rat 1; see ref. 1). One of the classes consists of non-phosphorylated polypeptides. The proteins of this class, derived from transformed mouse, rat and hamster lines, are all antigenically related to one another. The second class of transformation-specific secreted proteins is antigenically distinct from the first class, that is, it is not precipitated by antiserum which recognizes the non-phosphorylated class. This second class comprises major phosphoproteins also in the 60,000 M W range1. These major phosphoproteins were found to be secreted by transformed hamster, rat, mouse and rabbit cells. We now report that these transformation-specific phosphoproteins are all antigenically related, regardless of the transforming agent. The phosphoproteins are synthesized by the cells, phosphorylated intracellularly and subsequently released into the culture medium. These transformed cells also secrete protein kinase activities capable of phosphorylating the transformation-specific phosphoproteins in vitro. The major sites of in vivo and in vitro phosphorylation seem to be identical.
Self-Enhancement Following Exposure to Idealized Body Portrayals in Ethnically Diverse Men: A Fantasy Effect of Advertising

Viewing idealized body portrayals of men and women in advertising is known to have negative effects on men’s self-esteem and body dissatisfaction, but little research investigates these effects across race/ethnicity. Racial minorities tend to idealize larger bodies than Whites and so might respond differently to advertising influences. We investigated whether exposure to idealized portrayals of male and female bodies in TV advertisements has different effects on men of different race/ethnicity. Additionally, we investigated whether implicit methods reveal different results than self-reports. One hundred and sixty Asian, Hispanic, and White American male undergraduates from a university in California (USA) were randomly assigned to watch TV advertisements portraying thin women, muscular men, or watched no ads. Their implicit self-esteem was measured using the Implicit Association Test, and a questionnaire assessed explicit self-esteem, actual-ideal body discrepancy, and perception of weight-related health-risks. Exposure to portrayals of muscular men decreased actual-ideal body discrepancy in all men. Exposure to portrayals of thin women increased men’s implicit but not explicit self-esteem in Asian and Hispanic men only. Both these findings are consistent with a self-enhancing role of exposure to idealized male and female bodies in advertising, which is often referred to as a “fantasy effect”. This study provides evidence that media exposure interacts with culturally local body ideals and so can produce varying effects in different racial/ethnic groups. This result could have important implications for interventions.
Long-term toxicity study of n-propyl gallate in mice.

Abstract A long-term feeding study has been made of the effects on albino mice of the antioxidant n-propyl gallate. Mice were fed diets containing 0·0 (control diet), 0·5 and 1·0% of the compound. In agreement with previous studies, mainly on rats, n-propyl gallate had no significant effect on food and water consumption, body weight or survival time of the mice during 21 months of feeding. No differences were found in the haematological response of the mice, while the types and incidence of the histological findings were comparable in both the control and dietary groups. A no-effect level for n-propyl gallate of 1·0% was established in the diet of mice, a level equivalent to an intake of 1·5 g/kg/day.
Time and Time Again: The Search for Meaning/fulness Through Popular Discourse on the Time and Timing of Work

Many working individuals struggle with the time and timing of work, and often turn to books, web sites, magazines, seminars, and workshops to assist in their struggle to find meaning/fulness in work. In the present article, we first adopt Hassard's (2002) pluri-paradigmatic perspective on organizational temporality to consider the limitations of popular discourse that organizational members draw on in their day-to-day interaction. We consider themes in this discourse along three tropes—commodification, construction, and compression—intended to help members address widely held concerns associated with the time and timing of work. Our analysis highlights problematic issues arising from the focus of one trope over the others. We conclude by considering Adam's (2004) macro-level framework of temporal control to suggest broad implications of popular discourse on the time and timing of work.
Gender and uveitis in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, is more commonly seen in women. It has been associated with both anterior and intermediate uveitis as well as retinal vasculitis. Ocular inflammation may develop concurrent with, prior to, or after the development of neurologic signs and symptoms. Patients with MS have an approximately 1% chance of developing intraocular inflammation. Patients with intermediate uveitis have an 8–12% risk of being diagnosed with MS. This risk is higher in females and in those with bilateral disease. This should be kept in mind when evaluating patients with uveitis, particularly in those patients for whom TNF inhibitor therapy is being considered, as these agents may worsen demyelinating disease.
Active consensus over sensor networks via selective communication

Distributed average consensus has been widely studied for sensor network applications. Whereas the asymptotic convergence rate has been extensively studied in prior work, other important and practical issues, including energy efficiency, have received relatively less attention. This paper presents a scheme for distributed consensus that can achieve a good balance between convergence rate and energy efficiency. The approach selects a subset of links with significant contribution to the formation of consensus at each iteration, thus adapting the network topology dynamically to the changes of the sensor states. We formulate a global optimization problem for optimal link selection, and subsequently factorize it into sub-problems that can be solved locally, via approximation. We derive an algorithm that can solve them efficiently by quadratic programming (QP) relaxation and random sampling. Simulations on both uniform-degree and nonuniform-degree random networks demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly reduce the communication energy cost, while maintaining a reasonably high convergence rate.
Gauged Sobolev inequalities

We present two-scale Morrey–Sobolev inequalities for measure-valued Lagrangeans on quasi-metric balls, scaled according to refined power laws. The fine tuning is given by suitable gauge functions, typically of logarithmic type. Fractal examples with fluctuating geometry are described. †Dedicated to Ebba Swantje
THE NORMAL FATE OF ERYTHROCYTES : I. THE FINDINGS IN HEALTHY ANIMALS.

The phagocytosis of red corpuscles, while frequent in the normal dog, rat, and guinea pig, is slight in man, the rhesus monkey, and many rabbits. In cats it is always negligible in amount and frequently absent. Phagocytosis will not suffice as a general explanation of normal blood destruction. When the liver, spleen, and bone marrow of the cat, dog, rabbit, or monkey are slowly perfused with defibrinated blood or Locke"s solution, bodies are given off into the fluid which have the appearance of red corpuscles that have lost their hemoglobin but retained the rest of their cell substance. These bodies possess many of the properties supposedly distinctive of red corpuscles. They are the product of disordered parenchymal cells. By a special method, it has proved possible to search the body, organ by organ, and the circulating blood also, for disintegrating red corpuscles. Shadows of red cells are not present anywhere, nor are hemolyzing red cells found. A hemolytic process, in the ordinary sense of the term, can scarcely play an. important part in normal blood destruction. Instead, it is certain that some red corpuscles, at least, are destroyed in another way; namely, by fragmentation. Normal blood regularly contains small numbers of fragmentation forms—microcytes and poikilocytes—and accumulations of them are regularly present in the spleen, but are found only inconstantly in the other organs. The fragments are in evident process of further subdivision. They occur not only in species in which phagocytosis as a means of cell destruction is negligible (cats), but also in animals in which it is an important process (dogs, some rabbits). The method of study that we have employed is well suited to disclose how the blood is destroyed. The importance of cell fragmentation in this connection is indicated by our failure to find any other means of destruction, save only the phagocytosis already known. Further facts indicating the importance of fragmentation are presented in our second paper, where a general discussion will also be found.
Anal cytology is a poor dysplasia screening test for patients with anal condyloma

Abstract Condyloma acuminatum is the most common sexually transmitted disease affecting 10–15 million individuals, with 2–3 million new cases diagnosed annually. Anal condyloma are frequently managed by surgeons. Biopsy and histologic evaluation is required to grade dysplasia. High-grade dysplasia may progress to carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to determine whether anal cytology is an effective noninvasive method to detect high-risk anal condylomas. Methods. All patients with anal condylomas were prospectively evaluated with multiple biopsies and brush/swab cytology from September 2003 to April 2004. Histology and cytology were reported for each patient according to the Bethesda classification system and labeled as high or low grade. Pathologist and cytopathologist were blinded to all results. Results. Forty patients were enrolled. Histology showed 17 patients with high-grade and 23 with low-grade dysplasia. Table 1 shows the results of anal cytology testing compared to histopathology (gold standard). High-grade dysplasia was positively identified by anal cytology in 6 of 17 patients (sensitivity 35%). When anal cytology was read as low grade, 22 of 33 patients had histologically verified low-grade lesions, while 11 had high-grade dysplasia (negative predictive value 66%). Conclusion. Anal cytology has poor sensitivity and low negative predictive value for detecting high-grade dysplasia in patients with anal condylomas. Therefore, anal brush/swab cytology is not an effective screening tool to identify patients with condylomas that are high risk for developing carcinoma. TABLE—ABSTRACT 44 . Dysplasia screening Histology Cytology High grade Low grade High grade 6 1 Low grade 11 22
On the Reading of Product Owner's Manuals: Perceptions and Product Complexity

This research focuses on the self-reported use of owner's manuals for automotive vehicles. The results indicate that owner's manuals are frequently not read. Nevertheless, people prefer owner's manuals to electronic presentations of the same product information. Implications for facilitating reader use of product documentation are discussed.
Field Assessment of Alternative Bed-Load Transport Estimators

Measurement of near-bed sediment velocities with acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) is an emerging approach for quantifying bed-load sediment fluxes in rivers. Previous investigations of the technique have relied on conventional physical bed-load sampling to provide reference transport information with which to validate the ADCP measurements. However, physical samples are subject to substantial errors, especially under field conditions in which surrogate methods are most needed. Comparisons between ADCP bed velocity measurements with bed-load transport rates estimated from bed-form migration rates in the lower Missouri River show a strong correlation between the two surrogate measures over a wide range of mild to moderately intense sediment transporting conditions. The correlation between the ADCP measurements and physical bed-load samples is comparatively poor, suggesting that physical bed-load sampling is ineffective for ground-truthing alternative techniques in large sand-bed rivers. Bed velocities measured in this study became more variable with increasing bed-form wavelength at higher shear stresses. Under these conditions, bed-form dimensions greatly exceed the region of the bed ensonified by the ADCP, and the magnitude of the acoustic measurements depends on instrument location with respect to bed-form crests and troughs. Alternative algorithms for estimating bed-load transport from paired longitudinal profiles of bed topography were evaluated. An algorithm based on the routing of local erosion and deposition volumes that eliminates the need to identify individual bed forms was found to give results similar to those of more conventional dune-tracking methods. This method is particularly useful in cases where complex bed-form morphology makes delineation of individual bed forms difficult.
Early event-related potentials with passive subject participation.

An oddball paradigm was used to elicit event-related potentials from 10 normal-hearing young adult subjects. The frequent signal (90% probability) was a 1000 Hz tone burst at 75 dB nHL and the oddb...
Effects of Predators on Fish and Crayfish Survival in Intermittent Streams

Predation from aquatic and terrestrial predators are important factors structuring the size and depth distribution of aquatic prey. We conducted mesocosm and tethering experiments on Little Mulberry Creek in northwest Arkansas during low flows to examine the effects of predators on fish and crayfish survival in intermittent streams. Using shallow artificial pools (10 cm deep) and predator exclusions, we tested the hypothesis that large-bodied fish are at greater risk from terrestrial predators in shallow habitats compared to small-bodied individuals. Twenty-four circular pools (12 open top, 12 closed top) were stocked with two size classes of Campostoma anomalum (Central Stoneroller) and deployed systematically in a single stream pool. In addition, we used a crayfish tethering experiment to test the hypothesis that the survival of small and large crayfish is greater in shallow and deep habitats, respectively. We tethered two size classes of Orconectes meeki meeki (Meek's Crayfish) along shallow and deep transects in two adjacent stream pools and measured survival for 15 days. During both experiments, we monitored the presence or absence of predators by visual observation and from scat surveys. We demonstrated a negative effect of terrestrial predators on Central Stoneroller survival in the artificial pools, and larger individuals were more susceptible to predation. In contrast, small crayfish experienced low survival at all depths and large crayfish were preyed upon much less intensively during the tethering study, particularly in the pool with larger substrate. More studies are needed to understand how stream drying and environmental heterogeneity influence the complex interactions between predator and prey populations in intermittent streams.
Nonuniversality and breakdown of scaling in two-species aggregation.

A simple model of aggregation is presented which is built from two distinct monomeric species, A and B, with bonding allowed only between unlike species. This model exhibits novel and unexpected kinetic behavior which depends crucially on whether the mass of the aggregate is odd or even. The kinetics of the even clusters can be accounted for within the framework of the single-species reaction scheme A+A\ensuremath{\rightarrow}A, while the odd clusters can be described by the two-species reaction A+B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}inert. Consequently, the upper critical dimension, ${d}_{c}$, for the kinetics of the even clusters is two, while ${d}_{c}$=4 for the odd clusters. Numerical simulations of this A-B model reveal unusual kinetic behavior, including novel dimension dependence below the upper critical dimension, nonuniversality, and a breakdown of scaling for the cluster-mass distribution. The underlying parity dependence of the A-B model leads us to introduce a simpler one-component aggregation model in which the reaction rates depend explicitly on the parity of the reacting clusters. The corresponding rate equations are studied and exact expressions for the exponents describing the decay rate of the aggregates are obtained. It is found that the kinetics of clusters of even and odd mass are, in general, quite different, and that the corresponding exponents are also generally nonuniversal. Furthermore, in two special cases, the complete solution to the rate equations can be obtained, and it is thus demonstrated that a conventional scaling description for the cluster-mass distribution breaks down.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON RESPIRATION : XXV. THE ACTION OF CHLOROFORM ON THE OXIDATION OF SOME ORGANIC ACIDS.

1. Organic acids when treated with H(2)O(2) and Fe(2)(SO(4))(3) produce CO(2) at a rate that can be measured by the indicator method. 2. In the case of acids containing a double bond, the rate of production of CO(2) can be varied by the addition of an anesthetic. The changes in the rate of production of CO(2) under the influence of a typical anesthetic, such as chloroform, show a striking resemblance to the reaction of the organism.
Surface plasmon tunable filters and flat panel display device

Surface plasmon tunable filter is a new technology under development at JPL. I had discussed the theoretical model and possible applications of using surface plasmon tunable filters for flat panel display device in several SPIE meetings. Now a prototype of surface plasmon tunable filter has been fabricated at JPL, and the experiment measurement will be discussed in this paper.© (1999) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Achievement, well-being, intelligence, and stress reaction in adult children of alcoholics.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relations among achievement, well-being, intelligence, and stress reaction in a sample of adult children of alcoholics on whom little research has been ...
Angle-Analyzer: A Triangle-Quad Mesh Codec

Theme 2 — Genie logicielet calcul symboliqueProjet PrismeRapport de recherche n° 4584 — Octobre 2002 — 29 pagesAbstract: We present Angle-Analyzer, a new single-rate compression algorithm for triangle-quad hybrid meshes. Using a carefully-designed geometry-driven mesh traversal and an ef-ﬁcient encoding of intrinsic mesh properties, Angle-Analyzer produces compression ratios40% better in connectivity and 20% better in geometry than the leading Touma and Gotsmantechnique for the same level of geometric distortion. The simplicity and performance of thisnew technique is demonstrated, and we provide extensive comparative tests to contrast ourresults with the current state-of-the-art techniques.Key-words: Compression algorithms, hybrid meshes, Surface mesh compression, connec-tivity coding, geometry coding.
Interactions of graphene oxide nanomaterials with natural organic matter and metal oxide surfaces.

Interactions of graphene oxide (GO) nanomaterials with natural organic matter (NOM) and metal oxide surfaces were investigated using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Three different types of NOM were studied: Suwannee River humic and fulvic acids (SRHA and SRFA) and alginate. Aluminum oxide surface was used as a model metal oxide surface. Deposition trends show that GO has the highest attachment on alginate, followed by SRFA, SRHA, and aluminum oxide surfaces, and that GO displayed higher interactions with all investigated surfaces than with silica. Deposition and release behavior of GO on aluminum oxide surface is very similar to positively charged poly-L-lysine-coated surface. Higher interactions of GO with NOM-coated surfaces are attributed to the hydroxyl, epoxy, and carboxyl functional groups of GO; higher deposition on alginate-coated surfaces is attributed to the rougher surface created by the extended conformation of the larger alginate macromolecules. Both ionic ...
Research Note: Influence of Fermacto® on the Performance of Laying Hens when Fed Diets with Different Levels of Methionine

Abstract An experiment was conducted to determine the effect on laying hens of adding Fermacto®2 at a level of 454 g/909 kg diet to diets containing various levels of supplemental methionine. The addition of Fermacto® to the basal diet resulted in increased (P≤.05) production, egg mass, and feed intake while improving feed efficiency. A significant (P≤.05) main effect for supplemental Fermacto® over all levels of added methionine was found for egg production and feed efficiency.
Regulation of water intake by rats deprived of food

Abstract Rats deprived of food drink water in excess of apparent requirement. To investigate the reason for this apparently excessive intake, work loads were coupled to drinking, by requiring the rats to press a lever for water. In fed and re-alimented states, rats maintained their water intake up to a high work rate for water and accepted a high total work load, but at the highest work rate water intake decreased and the general metabolic pattern was distorted. For 2 days of food deprivation rats reduced their water intake with increasing work rate and accepted only a low total work load until urine concentration lay within the normal (fed) range. Further increase in coupled work rate distorted general metabolic patterns and the span of constant water intake was short. It is suggested that water intake is regulated to minimize energy expenditure subject to constraints imposed by limiting processes such as maximum ability to concentrate urine.
Incident depression increases medical utilization in Medicaid patients with hypertension

Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and occurs disproportionately among patients with depression. Few studies have rigorously examined outcomes specifically among hypertensive patients with newly diagnosed comorbid depression. Aim: We hypothesized that incident depression would exacerbate hypertensive disease and that this would be evident through greater utilization of medical services than would otherwise occur in the absence of depression. Methods: Claims data for hypertensive patients enrolled in Maryland Medicaid (2005–2010) were used to estimate the change in annualized utilization following incident depression, compared to a matched cohort of hypertensive patients never diagnosed with depression. Multivariate regression was used to adjust for changes in antihypertensive medications, adherence and comorbidity that followed depression onset. Results: While medical utilization increased after incident depression, additional encounters tended to be for nonacute medical c...
On the motion of a sphere through a conducting fluid in the presence of a magnetic field

Errors in a previous discussion of the problem for a perfectly conducting sphere are corrected. An alternative method of determining the ultimate motion is described for both a perfectly conducting and a non-conducting sphere moving along the magnetic field. (auth)
Natural hybridization generates mammalian lineage with species characteristics

Most diploid species arise from single-species ancestors. Hybrid origins of new species are uncommon (except among polyploids) and are documented infrequently in animals. Examples of natural hybridization leading to speciation in mammals are exceedingly rare. Here, we show a Caribbean species of bat (Artibeus schwartzi) has a nuclear genome derived from two nonsister but congeneric species (A. jamaicensis and A. planirostris) and a mitochondrial genome that is from a third extinct or uncharacterized congener. Artibeus schwartzi is self-sustaining, morphologically distinct, and exists in near geographic isolation of its known parent species. Island effects (i.e., area, reduced habitat variability, and geographic isolation) likely have restricted gene flow from parental species into the Caribbean populations of this hybrid lineage, thus contributing to local adaptation and isolation of this newly produced taxon. We hypothesize differential rates of the development of reproductive isolation within the genus and estimate that 2.5 million years was an insufficient amount of time for the development of postzygotic isolation among the three species that hybridized to produce A. schwartzi. Reticulated evolution thus has resulted in a genomic combination from three evolutionary lineages and a transgressive phenotype that is distinct from all other known species of Artibeus. The data herein further demonstrate the phenomenon of speciation by hybridization in mammals is possible in nature.
Automotive power integrated circuit processes

Power integrated circuit (IC) processes are discussed with an emphasis on a bipolar power IC process developed by Texas Instruments. This power technology offers advantages in ruggedness, flexibility, and cost over other processes. The power device closely resembles a conventional single diffused bipolar power transistor. A comparison of safe operating area characteristics of several current power IC technologies is given to demonstrate the advantage of bulk epitaxial devices over the more common power IC surface device types. The rugged N-P-N bipolar output transistors are capable of delivering high current (in excess of 20 A) and high voltage (up to 500 V) simultaneously. >
Chasing Science: Children’s Brains, Scientific Inquiries, and Family Labors

Over the last three decades, an escalating portion of U.S. school children has been classified for special education; those with diagnoses entitled to services now number 15 percent of all public school pupils. At the same time, American scientists have focused increasingly on juvenile brains, studying what one psychiatric epidemiologist labeled ‘‘social incapacities.’’ This article reports on the laboratory labors of two scientific groups: neuroscientists who scan children’s brains in search of resting state differences according to diagnosis and psychiatric epidemiologists who look to epigenetics to distinguish differential diagnostic populations. The article focuses on the medicalization of childhood differences and the harmonies and discordances between what researchers and parents understand to be at the root of children’s learning and social capacities.
An Outer Bound to the Capacity Region of the Broadcast Channel

An outer bound to the capacity region of the two-receiver discrete memoryless broadcast channel is given. The outer bound is tight for all cases where the capacity region is known. When specialized to the case of no common information, this outer bound is contained in the Koumlrner-Marton outer bound. This containment is shown to be strict for the binary skew-symmetric broadcast channel. Thus, this outer bound is in general tighter than all other known outer bounds.
Hand preference predicts reactions to novel foods and predators in marmosets (Callithrix geoffroyi).

In chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), left-handed individuals are less likely than right-handed individuals to explore new objects and situations, suggesting a relationship between the hemispheric specialization of emotional states and motor function. To further explore this relationship and to test the hypothesis that fearfulness is related to hand preference, we assessed willingness to approach, sniff, and taste novel foods, and the duration of freeze reactions in response to hawk calls, in 18 Geoffroy’s marmosets (Callithrix geoffroyi). In accordance with these hypotheses, left-handed marmosets were slower to explore novel foods and slower to emerge from a freeze response than right-handed marmosets. Hand preference and at least some features of temperament seem to be related in this and other species of primates.
Situational Socialization: an Affective Interaction Component of the Mainstreaming Reintegration Construct

Situational socialization represents the process of acquiring the new knowledge, behavior, and attitudes which both mild to moderately handicapped learners and regular class learners need in order to interact successfully in interpersonal relationships. Situational socialization, the process component of an input-process-output model, is the name given to the paradigm presented. The paradigm is composed of five related input and process parts. These include the self, the self and others, affective teaching strategies and techniques, the personal element in teaching, and community-based environments. Through a socialization process approach, the goals of mainstreaming (realization of personal worth and the ability to communicate effectively with others) can be accomplished.
Magnetism and 166Er Mössbauer spectroscopy of Er2−xPrxCo17

Abstract The bulk magnetic properties and 166 Er Mossbauer spectra of Er 2− x Pr x Co 17 pseudo-binaries are reported. Incorporation of Pr into Er 2 Co 17 increases the anisotropy field ( H A ) and the saturation magnetization, while resulting in only a slight (5%) decrease in the Curie temperature. The quadrupole interaction deduced from the Mossbauer spectrum suggests that Pr preferentially substitutes for Er in Er 2 Co 17 at the 2 d site. The rise in H A is a consequence of the preferential substitution, which occurs because spatial constraints at the 2 d site are less for the larger Pr 3+ ion. Coupling between Er-Co and Pr-Co is found to be antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic, respectively.
Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in fully allogeneic bone marrow chimera in mice

AKR mice were protected from lethal irradiation and established as long-lived chimeras by transplanting allogeneic C57BL/6 (B6) bone marrow that had been treated in vitro with anti-Thy-1 antiserum without complement. In these chimeras, which were designated [B6 {arrow} AKR], virtually all the thymus and spleen cells were shown to be derived from the B6 donor; several immune functions studied in these chimeras were as follows: (a) The chimeric mice were tolerant of histocompatibility antigens of both donor and recipient strain and nearly fully reactive to antigens of third party, as revealed by Simonsen's splenomegaly assay. The tolerance of these chimeras could not be attributed to suppressor cells but was compatible with clonal depletion. (b) Proliferative responses to concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin, and lipopolysaccharide as well as natural killer and antibody-dependent cell- mediated cytotoxicity activity of the chimeric mice was normal. (c) Plaque- forming cell (PFC) assays of antibody responses to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) showed gross deficiency in the primary response of the [B6 {arrow} AKR] and [AKR {arrow} B6] chimeras. By contrast, [B6-H-2(k)(E(k)) {arrow} AKR] H-2-compatible chimeras and [AKR {arrow} AKR] syngeneic marrow transplanted mice had normal primary PFC responses. PFC responses after secondary stimulation with SRBC, however, revealed vigorous direct plaque formation and substantial but somewhat smaller indirect plaque formation in the [B6 {arrow} AKR] chimeras. This observation favors operationally the concept of adaptive differentiation proposed by Katz et al. (44). (d) Analysis of ability of the chimeras to develop and express delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to contact sensitizer (2,4-dinitro-l-fluorobenzene [DNFB]) showed no apparent immunodeficiency of either chimeras to this form of immunization. Development of immunologic tolerance to DNFB, however, was grossly deficient in [B6 {arrow} AKR] chimeras but normal in [AKR {arrow} AKR], [B6 {arrow} B6], and [E(k) {arrow} AKR] chimeras. These findings indicate that full chimeras across major histocompatibility complex have considerable immunologic vigor even though primary immune responses that require histocompatibility between interacting cell types are initially defective.