cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Differences in exposure to toxic and/or carcinogenic volatile organic compounds between Black and White cigarette smokers

It is unclear why Black smokers in the United States have elevated risk of some tobacco-related diseases compared to White smokers. One possible causal mechanism is differential intake of tobacco toxicants, but results across studies are inconsistent. Thus, we examined racial differences in biomarkers of toxic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in tobacco smoke. We analyzed baseline data collected from 182 Black and 184 White adult smokers who participated in a randomized clinical trial in 2013–2014 at 10 sites across the United States. We examined differences in urinary levels of ten VOC metabolites, total nicotine equivalents (TNE), and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), controlling for covariates such as cigarettes per day (CPD), as well as differences in VOCs per TNE to assess the extent to which tobacco exposure, and not metabolic factors, accounted for racial differences. Concentration of metabolites of acrolein, acrylonitrile, ethylene oxide, and methylating agents were significantly higher in Blacks compared to Whites when controlled for covariates. Other than the metabolite of methylating agents, VOCs per TNE did not differ between Blacks and Whites. Concentrations of TNE/CPD and VOCs/CPD were significantly higher in Blacks. Menthol did not contribute to racial differences in VOC levels. For a given level of CPD, Black smokers likely take in higher levels of acrolein, acrylonitrile, and ethylene oxide than White smokers. Our findings are consistent with Blacks taking in more nicotine and toxicants per cigarette smoked, which may explain their elevated disease risk relative to other racial groups.
A Qualitative Inquiry of Social and Emotional Support for Students with Persistent Concussion Symptoms

Students who sustain concussions often struggle with social and emotional symptoms. Such symptoms can interfere with students’ academic performance, relationships, and overall sense of well-being. ...
Neuroimaging correlates and predictors of response to repeated-dose intravenous ketamine in PTSD

Promising initial data indicate that the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine may be beneficial in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we explore the neural correlates of ketamine-related changes in PTSD symptoms, using a rich battery of functional imaging data (two emotion-processing tasks and one task-free scan), collected from a subset of participants of a randomized clinical trial of repeated-dose intravenous ketamine vs midazolam (total N=21). In a pre-registered analysis, we tested whether changes in an a priori set of imaging measures from a target neural circuit were predictive of improvement in PTSD symptoms, using leave-one-out cross-validated elastic-net regression models (regions of interest in the target circuit consisted of the dorsal and rostral anterior cingulate cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, anterior hippocampus, anterior insula, and amygdala). Improvements in PTSD severity were associated with increased functional connectivity between the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and amygdala during emotional face-viewing (change score retained in model with minimum predictive error in left-out subjects, standardized regression coefficient [β]=2.90). This effect was stronger in participants who received ketamine compared to midazolam (interaction β=0.86), and persisted following inclusion of concomitant change in depressive symptoms in the analysis model (β=0.69). Improvement following ketamine was also predicted by decreased dorsal anterior cingulate activity during emotional conflict regulation, and increased task-free connectivity between the vmPFC and anterior insula (βs=-2.82, 0.60). Exploratory follow-up analysis via dynamic causal modelling revealed that whilst improvement in PTSD symptoms following either drug was associated with decreased excitatory modulation of amygdala→vmPFC connectivity during emotional face-viewing, increased top-down inhibition of the amygdala by the vmPFC was only observed in participants who improved under ketamine. Individuals with low prefrontal inhibition of amygdala responses to faces at baseline also showed greater improvements following ketamine treatment. These preliminary findings suggest that, specifically under ketamine, improvements in PTSD symptoms are accompanied by normalization of hypofrontal control over amygdala responses to social signals of threat.
Early palliative care interventions in patients with hematologic malignancies prior to hematopoietic cell transplantation.

e21634Background: Early palliative care (EPC) interventions have been endorsed by multiple medical societies, mostly for solid tumors but not for hematological malignancies. Patients undergoing hem...
Unknown and Solitary Seas: Angelo Mosso’s Nineteenth-Century Discovery of Imaging Dreams Through the Cerebral Pulse

In the 1870s, Italian physiologist Angelo Mosso developed devices that would eventually usher in modern-day neuroimaging, but it is the little-explored experiments he did with a young boy, Giovanni Thron, that would unexpectedly reveal a new layer to our understanding of perhaps the most mysterious aspect of our psyche: the human dream.
Team Cognition as a Barrier and Facilitator in Care Transitions: Implications for Work System Design:

Inpatient care of pediatric trauma patients includes care transitions, including from emergency department (ED) to operating room (OR), OR to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and ED to PICU, wh...
Toward Finding Online Activity Patterns in a Flipped Programming Course

Instructors are increasingly flipping their classrooms, where students are required to study on their own prior to in-class time with the instructor. We present preliminary results on identifying student online behavior patterns in a CS1 flipped course that correlate with students' test scores covering the material explained in the online videos. We found that clustering students based on how much of the online lecture videos they watched allows us to find significant differences in the average test scores of each cluster.
Invited) Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors for Refrigerant Leak Detection

Advanced sensors for detection of gases and vapors are required for energy and environmental monitoring. For example, detection of refrigerant leaks from HVAC equipment specifically difluoromethane at low concentrations in air is required. When a refrigerant leak occurs from a HVAC system, there are several consequences, i) reduction in cooling efficiency and ii) higher greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere. Sensing refrigerant leaks requires sorbents with high affinity at low partial pressures. Having a highly effective sorbent sensitive to fluorocarbon refrigerant vapors provides a means to develop a sensing device for leak detection. In this regard, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is exploring novel classes of materials including metal organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks and porous organic cages as a thin film on surface acoustic wave sensor for detection of refrigerant leaks. The structure and selectivity of these materials can be tailored by the selection of various organic bridging ligands used in the synthesis. Further these materials shown to have high surface area and shown to have high gas mobility higher than many other sorbent materials. These characteristics are highly favorable for development sorptive materials for sensing refrigerant molecules from air. Our work in this area suggest these materials reflect a range of sorbent properties from high uptake capacity (over 170 wt%) at high vapor pressures to very high sorption affinities at very low vapor pressures. I will discuss methods to use these materials as a thin film on surface acoustic wave sensor for detection of refrigerant molecules
Long Range Iris Recognition a Reality or a Myth?: A Survey

Iris refers to the exceptionally finished annular segment of the eye that is obvious. An iris recognition system abuses these textural examples to recognize people. Iris recognition systems have different applications, for example, get to control, national ID plans, outskirt control, and so forth. To catch this textural data of the iris design paying little mind to the eye shading, conventional iris recognition systems use close infrared (NIR) sensors to procure images of the iris. This, be that as it may, limits the iris image procurement distance to under 1m. This paper audits a few algorithms set up for Iris Recognition from Short distance and Long distance and how imperative and why there is a need and degree for more research to expand the distance of Iris Recognition to more than 1m and furthermore under uncontrolled condition. Besides, this survey discusses the different kinds of attacks on Iris biometric system and how it is imperative to counter attacks these assaults to effectively construct a strong Iris Recognition system.
A Systematic Review of the Methods Used to Evaluate Child Psychiatry Access Programs.

Abstract Background There is a well-documented gap between the need for and availability of mental health services for children nationwide. To address this gap, over 30 regional Child Psychiatry Access Programs (CPAPs) provide psychiatric consultation and other services to primary care providers. Objectives Summarize the methods used to evaluate CPAPs in the U.S. Data Sources PubMed, PsychInfo, CINAHL, and reference checking. Study Appraisal Methods A systematic literature review was conducted searching three databases. The search produced 307 unique articles, 278 were excluded for irrelevance, leaving 29 for data extraction. Data extracted included author(s), publication year, provider types, CPAP formats, study sample, design, outcomes examined, results, and limitations. Articles were also appraised for quality using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence Based Practice Evidence Level and Quality Guide. Results The 29 articles evaluated 13 unique CPAPs. Most evaluations used non-experimental observational designs (68.9%), 6.9% used quasi-experimental designs, and none used true experimental designs. Evaluations examined the following outcomes: usage of program services (82.8%), provider satisfaction (48.3%), provider comfort/confidence with managing mental health concerns (31.0%), provider practice change (24.1%), patient outcomes (13.7%), family satisfaction (6.9%). Outcomes were measured using surveys, qualitative interviews, or insurance claims data. Limitations Review was limited to articles published in English in three databases or identified by reference checking. Conclusions Evaluations of CPAPs have largely been descriptive in nature, focusing primarily on program usage and provider satisfaction. Few studies have examined the impact of CPAPs on patients, families, or health systems. Future studies should evaluate the broader impacts of CPAPs.
Generous Scholarship: A Counternarrative for the Region and the Academy

This chapter begins with a troubling circumstance within which the concept of generous scholarship found expression. Presentation of background information and the research method further help to introduce the topic. Making miseducative experiences educative is the raison d’etre of this work. A rudimentary conceptualization of generous scholarship is offered. Its origins trace to personal experience as well as to vicarious knowledge gleaned from professional colleagues’ learning and leading. Attention is mostly paid to the personal and professional satisfaction that comes from taking a generous stance. At the same time, the underbelly of the hierarchical, male-dominated, entrepreneurial research-driven, power-consumed academy is not glossed over. Generous scholarship is championed as a viable local, national and international counternarrative to the dominant neo-liberal mega-story that currently holds sway.
Avoiding Traps in Nonconvex Problems.

Iterative projection methods may become trapped at non-solutions when the constraint sets are nonconvex. Two kinds of parameters are available to help avoid this behavior and this study gives examples of both. The first kind of parameter, called a hyperparameter, includes any kind of parameter that appears in the definition of the iteration rule itself. The second kind comprises metric parameters in the definition of the constraint sets, a feature that arises when the problem to be solved has two or more kinds of variables. Through examples we show the importance of properly tuning both kinds of parameters and offer heuristic interpretations of the observed behavior.
Prepared Statement, Senate Judiciary Committee hearing on the nomination of the Honorable Brett M. Kavanaugh to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States

This prepared testimony was delivered in support of Justice Brett Kavanaugh's nomination to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court based on my experience as a professor of Administrative Law and service as then-Judge Kavanaugh's law clerk on U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit during the judge's first year on the bench. The testimony occurred on the fourth day of Justice Kavanaugh's nomination hearings as part of a panel that included Former Solicitor General Paul Clement, Professors Lisa Heinzerling, Rebecca Ingber, Peter Shane, and Adam White, former White House Counsel John Dean, and Ms. Monica Mastal. Links to the other panelists' prepared testimony are available here: https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/meetings/nomination-of-the-honorable-brett-m-kavanaugh-to-be-an-associate-justice-of-the-supreme-court-of-the-united-states-day-4.
The importance of peer imitation on smoking initiation over time: a dynamical systems approach

A recent Institute of Medicine Report calls for explicit modeling of smoking initiation, cessation and addiction processes. We introduce a model of smoking initiation that explicitly teases out the percentage of initiation due to social pressures, which we call “peer-imitation,” and the percentage due to other factors, such as media ads, family smoking, and psychological factors, which we call “self-initiation.” We propose a dynamic non-linear behavioral contagion model of smoking initiation and employ data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health to estimate the relative contributions of imitation and self-initiation to the overall smoking initiation process. Although the percent of total smoking due to peer imitation has been trending downward over time, it remains higher than the percent due to self-initiation. We note unexpected changes for the 2007 cohort, and we discuss possible implications for intervention and for the spread of e-cigarettes.
The Minimally Invasive Retroperitoneal Transpsoas Approach

MIS spine surgeons have rapidly adopted the retroperitoneal transpsoas approach since its first introduction in 2001. Its use has been greatly expanded from simple indirect decompression from degenerative disc disease to complex spinal deformity correction and traumatic vertebral fractures. The technique offers a rapid approach to the disc space and availability of variety of large interbody grafts with excellent fusion rates whether used as stand-alone, with lateral plating, or with pedicle screw instrumentation for support. The advantage of using retroperitoneal transpsoas approach is faster operative time, less anesthesia to the patient, quicker recovery, and lower blood loss. However, thorough anatomical understanding of the surrounding lumbar plexus and meticulous technique must be observed to avoid potential serious complications. In this chapter we examine crucial surgical anatomy necessary for a successful outcome, provide detailed surgical technical notes, discuss surgical indications and patient selection, and finally review all potential complications and complication avoidance.
A case-based approach for teaching medication safety to pharmacy students

Abstract Objective To determine if a three-hour interactive case-based laboratory experience improves attitudes about medication errors and systematic approaches to improve medication safety among pharmacy students in their third professional year. Design A modified version of the Attitudes to Patient Safety Questionnaire was used to assess the attitudes of pharmacy students toward medication errors before and after the lab. Assessment The results of 49 matched surveys indicate that students’ attitudes significantly improved in response to 15 out of 20 questions. These questions assessed students’ attitudes of medication safety as related to the students’ confidence in understanding and preventing medication errors, the effectiveness of pharmacy school training, the human nature of errors, the role of inter-professional teamwork and patient involvement, and inclusion of patient safety issues in the pharmacy curriculum. Students’ attitudes did not change significantly for five questions that assessed student willingness to report medication errors. Conclusions This three-hour laboratory experience was partially effective at improving students’ attitudes about medication errors and systematic approaches to improving medication safety. Efforts to improve error reporting require further study. This class introduced the fundamental concepts of medication safety and was effective at changing students’ attitudes about the genesis and prevention of errors.
International Portfolio Flows and Security Markets

This paper provides an analysis of the impact of international portfolio flows on security returns. It concludes that opening a country to portfolio flows decreases its cost of capital without adverse effects on its securities markets. There is no convincing evidence that portfolio flows increase the volatility of equity returns, lead to excessive co-movement of a country's equity returns with world equity returns, or destabilize security markets. Though there has been much concern about contagion, existing empirical evidence does not provide conclusive evidence that contagion is economically important for security markets.
Academic and Non-academic Variables as Predictors of NCLEX-RN Success Among Traditional Associate Degree Students at Southern Adventist University

ACADEMIC AND NON-ACADEMIC VARIABLES AS PREDICTORS OF NCLEX-RN SUCCESS AMONG TRADITIONAL ASSOCIATE DEGREE STUDENTS AT SOUTHERN ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY by Christine Moniyung Chair: Larry D. Burton ABSTRACT OF GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH DissertationOF GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH Dissertation Andrews University School of Education Title: ACADEMIC AND NON-ACADEMIC VARIABLES AS PREDICTORS OF NCLEX-RN SUCCESS AMONG TRADITIONAL ASSOCIATE DEGREE STUDENTS AT SOUTHERN ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY Name of researcher: Christine Moniyung Name and degree of faculty chair: Larry D. Burton, Ph.D. Date completed: July 2015
Delirium in the brain-injured patient.

Purpose To differentiate between expected behavior of a newly brain-injured person and an episode of delirium. Methods This article reviews the different types of delirium and predisposing risk factors that place patients at risk for developing delirium. Findings This case study illustrates how delirium can mimic expected behaviors seen in patients with traumatic brain injuries and emphasizes the importance of assessing for risk factors of delirium. Conclusions Clinicians can easily misdiagnose delirium. Nurses should assess every patient for signs and symptoms of delirium, using a standardized tool, such as the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) or Cognitive Test for Delirium (CTD). Clinical Relevance Improved education on the risk factors for and symptoms of delirium is necessary for the rehabilitation nurse to ensure early diagnosis and treatment of this potentially life-threatening condition.
Pricing the 'free lunch' of meta-evolution

A number of recent studies introduced meta-evolutionary strategies and successfully used them for solving problems in genetic programming. While individual results indicate possibilities of successes and failures (e.g., Kantschik, Dittrich et al., 1998, 1999), the emerging global picture suggests that the approach may have universal, domain-independent advantages over traditional methods. Trying to develop a general theoretical understanding of this concept, we use Price's theorem to define fitness at a meta-level and show with two simple case studies (two-dimensional optimization and the Eight puzzle) that the ideology based on Price's theorem can work at a meta-level in a similar manner for very different problems. Specifically, Pricean definition of fitness for reproductive operators appears to be practically useful and essential for performance and stability of a certain class of meta-evolutionary algorithms.
What kind of concepts need language

Abstract The question addressed in this paper is whether the language faculty provides new possibilities for concepts. Drawing on work from Hinzen and Sheehan (2013) and others, the claim is that I-language allows humans to see resemblances among events that are similar in only an abstract way mediated by their linguistic description, such as the hierarchical form that unites the class of events in which a boy chases a dog, not vice-versa. Experimental data are presented from five preliminary studies. These include a study of 61 preschool-aged children in an act-out procedure with and without verbal description, and a second with 63 adults in a picture choice procedure under conditions of verbal versus rhythmic shadowing. The methodological difficulties are discussed, particularly the use of rhythmic shadowing as an adequate control. Three further studies are reported that use adult participants in an implicit concept formation paradigm in an eyetracker, using a dual-task procedure with only verbal shadowing. These studies have the goal of discovering whether verbal shadowing selectively impairs certain abstract concepts and not others. Together the results suggest that verbal shadowing is selectively disruptive of the recognition of similarity across perceptually diverse events sharing a propositional description, but not of the formation of other abstract concepts.
Cigarette smoking is strongly associated with mutation of the K-ras gene in patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the lung.

BACKGROUND. The majority of lung carcinoma cases occur in current or former smokers. K-ras gene mutations are common in lung adenocarcinoma and have been associated with cigarette smoking, asbestos exposure, and female gender. METHODS. In the current study, the authors examined the contribution of cigarette smoking to K-ras gene mutations in patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma. Smoking histories were obtained from 106 prospectively enrolled patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the lung. RESULTS. K-ras mutations were detected in the primary tumor using an allele-specific ligation assay. Ninety-two of the 106 patients (87%) with lung adenocarcinoma were smokers. Nonsmokers with this tumor were more likely to be women (11 of 14; 79%), whereas the majority of smokers (57%) were men. K-ras mutations were detected in 40 of 106 tumors (38%) and were significantly more common in smokers compared with nonsmokers (43% vs. 0%; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS. The results of the current study confirm and extend previous observations that smokers with adenocarcinoma of the lung are more likely to have K-ras mutant tumors compared with nonsmokers. The strong link between cigarette smoking and K-ras mutations in adenocarcinoma of the lung supports the role of specific tobacco carcinogens in the etiology of this malignancy.
A 3-D finite element analysis of a chevron-notched, three-point bend fracture specimen for ceramic materials

A 3-D finite element analysis of a chevron-notched, three-point bend specimen was used to determine the load point displacement (LPD) and the crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) for four initial crack-depth-to-width ratios of the chevron notch. Relations between the LPD and CMOD specimen compliances, as functions of crack length, were developed and the LPD compliance versus crack length relations were compared with previous analyses. In addition, the LPD compliance versus crack length relations are used to modify previously developed geometry correction factors for the stress intensity factor. The LPD/CMOD relations are then applied to calculate the LPD from the CMOD measured during the fracture testing of silicon nitride and silicon carbide chevron-notched, three-point bend specimens. The work-of-fracture values for the two ceramic materials are compared using the calculated and the measured LPD. The fracture toughness values are compared as calculated from the modified and the unmodified geometry correction factors for the stress intensity factor. Finally, the crack growth resistance curves are determined from the fracture test data.
The effect of the van der Waals interaction on the excited state for atom guiding in metal-coated, hollow-core optical fibers

The study of atom guiding in a metal-coated, hollow-core optical fiber has been extended to the case of moderate to strong coherent excitation. Significant populations of the upper level are produced and the effect of the increased van der Waals interaction of the excited state with the inner wall is represented as a multiplicative scaling factor of the ground state interaction. This scaling factor is justified by a simple, exact calculation for atomic hydrogen where the van der Waals interaction for H(4p) is a factor of 400 larger than that for the H(1s). By combining the optical dipole potential and the population-weighted van der Waals level shifts, an overall guiding barrier is obtained. The barrier functions are maximized in terms of both the detuning and the radial position to give the maximum barrier heights. For given laser field strengths at the inner wall, the resulting barriers depend strongly on the van der Waals scaling factors.
Osseous sarcoidosis presenting as a destructive petrous apex lesion

We report a case of sarcoidosis presenting as a destructive petrous apex lesion of the temporal bone. Sarcoidosis is a disease of unknown etiology, featuring granulomatous inflammation in a number of organs and tissues. Osseous involvement of the temporal bone by sarcoidosis is uncommon and rarely encountered clinically. When osseous tissue is involved, it commonly affects the phalangeal bones of the hands and feet with noncaseating granulomas occupying the marrow space and creating a destructive pattern. A similar clinico-pathologic process was found to occur within the petrous apex of the temporal bone in an individual presenting with otalgia, hearing loss, and aural fullness. Imaging of the temporal bones revealed a unilateral destructive lesion of the petrous apex and adjacent skull base. A review of sarcoidosis and petrous apex lesions is presented. Sarcoid involvement of the petrous apex should be considered in the number of pathologies that feature bony destruction of the petrous apex of the temporal bone.
Pressure/temperature ignition limits of fuel droplet vaporizing over a hot plate

Presentation et discussion des resultats d'une etude experimentale realisee sur du dodecane dans une chambre cylindrique de 12,7 sur 15,2 cm
Training Markov random fields by sampling: how much data is required?

ABSTRACT We have been developing edge relaxation and binary image enhancement systems using parameters derived from an ensemble of training images.' We tabulate the frequencies of local structures in the training ensemble and reconstruct noisy/corrupted images so that they best match the local characteristics of the setof training images. This paper investigates how many such training images are required to generate a usefuland consistent set of local neighborhood probabilities. 1 INTRODUCTION We have been developing edge relaxation and binary image enhancement systems using parametersderived from an ensemble of training images.' We tabulate the frequencies of local structures in the training ensemble and reconstruct noisy/corrupted images so that they best match the local characteristicsof the set of training images.The distributions resulting from sampling, even from many images, are sparse (improbable configurations often do not occur in the sample) and inaccurate for improbable configurations, so we use a techniquedeveloped by Hancock and Kittler6 to "smooth" the distribution. We have previously shown that their
ISAS: a human-centric digital media interface to empower real-time decision-making across distributed systems

The Integrated Situational Awareness System (ISAS) initiative at the University of Florida Digital Worlds Institute has demonstrated an effective web services-enhanced graphically-based environment for globally-distributed operations ranging from humanitarian aid during large-scale environmental disasters to high-level collaboration and augmented decision-making in civil and coalition activities.
Economical syntheses of 3H-2H and 14C-labeled ethyl acetates

Tritium and 14C-labeled isomers of ethyl acetate are excellent substrates for competitive dual-labeled radioactive isotopic measurements of β-deuterium and β-tritium isotope effects. Methods are given for preparation of the ethyl esters of acetic acid-2-3H, acetic acid-2-14C, and acetic acid-2,2-2H2-2-3H, and of the acetic acid ester of ethanol-l-14C from the least costly labeled precursors in high purity (yield 70-80%) on the mmole scale.
Impact of continuing professional development versus traditional continuing pharmacy education on learning behaviors

Objective To assess the effect of continuing professional development (CPD) on perceptions of learning behaviors compared with traditional continuing pharmacy education (CPE). Design Randomized controlled trial. Setting Kaiser Permanente Colorado (KPCO) from August 2008 to June 2009. Participants Licensed pharmacists employed at KPCO. Intervention After completing a basic CPD course, participants were randomized into a control group that continued with traditional CPE or an intervention group that completed three CPD workshops and used the CPD approach for their professional learning needs. At baseline and follow-up, all participants completed a study questionnaire on perceptions of their learning behaviors. Main outcome measure Comparison of responses to questionnaire items at follow-up. Results 100 pharmacists were enrolled. The intervention (n = 44; 7 lost to follow-up) and control (n = 47; 2 lost to follow-up) groups were similar at baseline. At follow-up, a higher percentage of intervention than control participants reported changing their learning behaviors/activities sometimes (41% vs. 0%, P P P P P P P Conclusion Pharmacists who adopted a CPD approach were more likely to report that various aspects of their learning behaviors improved as a result of education activities compared with pharmacists who participated in traditional CPE.
Attachment and interpersonal impact perceptions of group members: A social relations model analysis of transference

Graduate students (N=76) in 12 training groups reported, at pretest, memories of emotional bonds with parents and adult attachment avoidance and anxiety. At the midpoint and termination phases, they provided Impact Message Inventory ratings of fellow group members. Social relations model (SRM) analyses were used to partition variance in these round-robin data into perceiver and target variance. Thus, aggregate ratings of fellow group members provided a standard against which discrepant perceptions of a given member could be assessed. These discrepancies, in the form of SRM perceiver variance, were interpreted as indicators of transference and were significantly associated with negative memories of parents and attachment avoidance. Target variance showed consensus in group members' ratings of dominance or affiliation for a given member and was significantly associated with negative memories of parents and attachment anxiety.
Effect of Anabaena flos-aquae on the abilities of Daphnia and Keratella to feed and reproduce on unicellular algae

SUMMARY. 1 This study tests the hypothesis that the filamentous cyanobacterium, Anabaena flos-aquae, inhibits Daphnia's ability to feed and reproduce on unicellular algae more than it does Keratella's. Double-label radiotracer experiments using whole and sonieally disrupted Anabaena filaments showed that even low concentrations of Anabaena (5 × 103 cells ml−1) inhibited the abilities of Daphnia pulex and D. galeata mendotae to feed on Chlamydomonas and that this inhibition was due to both mechanical interference with feeding and increased food availability. A single-label radiotracer experiment showed that Anabaena (5 × 103 and 2 × 104 cells ml−l) reduced the abilities of neonate, juvenile, and adult D. pulex to feed on Chlamydomonas but had a much more pronounced effect on adults. 2 Single-label radiotracer experiments using screened (25 μm mesh) and unscreened suspensions of whole Anabaena filaments showed that only very high concentrations of Anabaena (105 cells ml−1) reduced the ability of Keratella cochlearis to feed on Cryptomonas and that this inhibition probably was due to mechanical interference with feeding, since Keratella ate Anabaena extremely inefficiently - especially when single cells and short filaments were removed by screening. 3 Experiments comparing the survivorship and fecundity of individuals fed Anabaena, Chlamydomonas, or no food showed that the Anabaena was not toxic to either Keratella or D. galeata mendotae, was not utilized by Keratella, and was utilized by Daphnia, although not as well as Chlamydomonas was. 4 Anabaena (5 × 103 or 104 cells ml−1) did not affect, or slightly increased, the population growth rate (rm) of K. cochlearis on Cryptomonas, while it substantially increased that of D. pulex, Duphnia's ability to utilize Anabaena probably more than offset its reduced ability to feed on Cryptomonas. The presence of cyanobacterial filaments in natural plankton communities could adversely affect Daphnia and decrease its ability to competitively suppress Keratella and other rotifers if the filaments were of little nutritional value to the Daphnia, greatly interfered
Distribution representations of Lie groups

We study representations of Lie groups in Banach spaces, particularly distribution representations (or smeared representations) and differentiable representations. These objects, which we define, are shown to be natural and useful generalizations of the classical unitary representations and the point strong operator continuous representations. A distribution (smeared) representation is a homomorphism of the convolution algebra of compactly supported P-functions on a Lie group, G say, into the algebra of bounded operators on a Banach space, satisfying certain natural additional conditions. It is shown that if I’ is a differentiable representation and d is the Laplace operator on G, then V can be integrated to a smeared representation of G under certain conditions on the resolvent set of the unbounded operator U(d). A partial converse is also shown. Finally we give conditions under which the operators V(y) are of trace class where V is a smeared representation and q~ is a compactly supported Cm-function on G.
Pseudo-shear universal actuator driving flextensional-panel-diaphragm low-frequency acoustic source

Acoustic source used for Active Noise Control at low frequency (80 - 250 Hz) is designed and developed by using a piezoelectric ceramic actuator and a flextensional panel diaphragm. In order to reach the vibration magnitude and radiation area needed for high and flat sound pressure level in the low frequency range. Pseudo-Shear Universal (PSU) actuator has been used as the driving part which is a new type of multilayer piezoelectric actuator originated from MRL offering the advantages of large displacement and high blocking force; on the other hand, Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite has been used as the diaphragm material which provides a more rigid structure than conventional loudspeaker paper. A prototype device was fabricated which has the following characterizations: 40 layers PSU actuator with a compact dimension: 38 mm X 50 mm X 23.6 mm. Two of them are needed for a device. Diaphragm area is 126 mm X 152 mm. At quasistatic condition (5 Hz) and at the 0.84 kV/cm electric field, 344 micrometers displacement could be achieved at the apex of the diaphragm resulted from the flextensional amplifying mechanism with an amplification factor more than 11. The sound passive level in the frequency range 100 - 250 Hz shows better flat behavior than the acoustic sources studied earlier such as Double Amplifier and PANEL air transducers which exhibit a significant reduction of sound pressure level in the low frequency range. By a slight modification, it is likely to make this device in a total thickness of 10 - 15 mm range. High and stable sound pressure level as well as thin flat structure make it much more competitive in the whole area of applications for low frequency active noise control.
Campus computer centers: and technical writers

Michigan Technological University has a UNIVAC 1110 2x1 which serves the academic and administrative community. We have approximately 2,000 to 3,000 users in the faculty, staff, and student areas.
Sacral Hemangiomas and Multiple Congenital Abnormalities

• Five infants with sacral hemangiomas and a particular constellation of congenital abnormalities are described. Three of the five infants had an imperforate anus associated with a fistula. Three of the five had renal anomalies; four had bony abnormalities of the sacrum, and three of these also had a lipomeningomyelocele. Four had skin tags, three of which were in the genital and sacral areas. Two of the five also had abnormalities of the external genitalia. This constellation of defects associated with a sacral hemangioma has not been, to our knowledge, elaborated previously. ( Arch Dermatol 1986;122:684-687)
The proof is in the crystal

In this issue of Blood , McEwan and colleagues describe the structure of a complex between GPIbα and a small-molecule antagonist and elucidate a novel allosteric mechanism for targeting this receptor's interaction with von Willebrand factor.[1][1] In recent years, platelet receptors have been
Damned if they do, damned if they don't: Material buyers are not happier from material or experiential consumption

Numerous studies have demonstrated that experiential purchases lead to more happiness than material purchases. However, prior research suggests that some characteristics of the purchase and person may moderate this experiential advantage. Our goal was to determine if the happiness gained from experiential purchases varies for individuals with different buying tendencies. The results of three studies (N = 675) demonstrated that material buyers, unlike experiential buyers, report equal levels of happiness from experiential and material purchases. Two mediated moderation models showed this is because material buyers report the same level of identity expression from their experiential and material purchases. The discussion focuses on why material buyers’ consumption appears inconsistent with predictions from various personality theories (e.g., self-concordance, authenticity, and overall congruence).
Trinta e sete dias em Nova York com Adalzira Bittencourt

Adalzira Bittencourt's visit to the US during 1939 resulted in a travel narrative that recounts the details of her visits to numerous schools, hospitals and orphanages in the city of New York and to the 1939 World's Fair held in the same city. Her general impressions of the eugenic reforms underway in the US during this time period reveal her support for the project of cultural renewal sponsored by the Vargas regime that targeted the disadvantaged in Brazilian society. In addition, Bittencourt's commentary exposes the racial prejudice prevalent in American society at the time and outlines the hues and tones of her own brand of racism vis a vis the very sector of the Brazilian population she advocated for throughout her career as a lawyer, educator, social activist and writer.
Lineage-driven Fault Injection

In large-scale data management systems, failure is practically a certainty. Fault-tolerant protocols and components are notoriously difficult to implement and debug. Worse still, choosing existing fault-tolerance mechanisms and integrating them correctly into complex systems remains an art form, and programmers have few tools to assist them. We propose a novel approach for discovering bugs in fault-tolerant data management systems: lineage-driven fault injection. A lineage-driven fault injector reasons backwards from correct system outcomes to determine whether failures in the execution could have prevented the outcome. We present MOLLY, a prototype of lineage-driven fault injection that exploits a novel combination of data lineage techniques from the database literature and state-of-the-art satisfiability testing. If fault-tolerance bugs exist for a particular configuration, MOLLY finds them rapidly, in many cases using a order of magnitude fewer executions than random fault injection. Otherwise, MOLLY certifies that the code is bug-free for that configuration.
Integrating the Institute of Medicine Competencies in a Baccalaureate Curricular Revision: Process and Strategies

Serious deficiencies in the quality of patient care and safety, rapid changes in the health care environment, and technological advances have collectively influenced an urgent call for health professions education reform. The Institute of Medicine (2003) has proposed a set of five core competencies that all health care professionals should possess and has recommended that these be used as an overarching vision for all health care professional education in the 21st century. These competencies have been incorporated into the newly revised American Association of Colleges of Nursing's Essentials of Baccalaureate Education document (2008). The purpose of this article is to describe the process of a recent baccalaureate curricular revision at one School of Nursing that used the Institute of Medicine competencies as part of an innovative framework to create a new curriculum. Strategies to incorporate newly recommended student competencies while preventing content overload are presented. The change process and implications for nursing education are explored. Finally, lessons learned with recommendations for nurse educator colleagues who are undertaking the challenge of curricular revision are discussed.
Cytological evidence for DNA chain elongation after UV irradiation in the S phase.

Human cells irradiated with UV light synthesize lower molecular weight DNA than unirradiated cells. This reduction in molecular weight is greater in xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) cells than in normal cells. The molecular weight of DNA is further reduced by the addition of caffeine to XP cells. By several hours after irradiation, DNA fragments are barely detectable. Cells from excision-proficient and excision-deficient XP patients were studied autoradiographically to produce cytological evidence of DNA chain elongation. Replicate cultures with and without caffeine were synchronized and irradiated with UV light during the S phase. Caffeine was removed in G2, and the cells were labeled with 3H-thymidine. Results showed significantly increased labeling during G2 of excision-deficient XP cells. Labeling was dependent on both time of irradiation and presence of caffeine. The XP variant cells had no increase in labeling for any irradiation time.
Unearthing the family gems: design requirements for a digital reminiscing system for older adults

This paper presents preliminary findings from a study investigating the reminiscing habits of older adults. We first define the concept of reminiscence, including aspects such as how, when and why it takes place. Then we present our findings from an interview study with older adults, where they reflect on their own habits related to reminiscing, and consider these reflections with respect to software that might support digital reminiscing. Finally we summarize our plan for future work.
Wolinella succinogenes nitrite reductase: Purification and properties

Purification jusqu'a l'homogeneite de ce cytochrome multihemique de type c; proprietes physiques
Estradiol derived from testosterone in prenatal life affects the development of catecholamine systems in the frontal cortex in the male rat

Abstract We reported previously that exposure to testosterone (T), neonatally, slows the time-course of development of catecholaminergic activity in the anterior cortex of rat pups. In the present study we assessed the role of T in prenatal life on this development and explored the role of the estrogen metabolite of T, estradiol, in these actions. Male pups born to dams injected daily with 5 mg/kg, s.c., of the aromatase inhibitor 1, 4, 6-androstatriene-3, 17-dione (ATD), or vehicle only, between gestation days 10 and 21 were either gonadectomized (GX) or anesthetized, only within 6 h of birth. Dopamine, DOPAC, and noradrenaline levels were assessed, using HPLC-EC, in punched samples taken from cingulate (CING), agranular insular (AID), parietal (PAR) and occipital (OC) cortex on postnatal (PN) days 4 and 10. At PN4 there were no effects of treatment on amine levels, although there were higher levels in frontal areas. At PN10, ATD and ATD GX animals had higher levels of dopamine, DOPAC, and noradrenaline in CING and AID than normal males. It would appear that T acts prenatally through its metabolite, estradiol, to modulate the development of catecholamine activity in the frontal cortex in the neonatal period.
Callous-Unemotional Traits and Differently Motivated Aggression An Examination of Variants in a Noninstitutionalized Sample

Emerging psychopathy in youth is often identified by the presence of callous-unemotional traits, while variants of psychopathy are recognized to exist in either primary or secondary form. These variants have been differentially associated with aggressive behavior, as well as dissimilarly motivated (instrumental, reactionary). The present research evaluates those resembling the variants and the qualities of aggression associated with them in a noninstitutionalized sample of youth. Findings suggest that youth resembling the secondary variant demonstrate higher expression of instrumental and reactive aggression compared to the primary-like variants and non-variants. This finding held when scrutinized against other covariates in the noninstitutionalized sample. Further distinctions based on variant type are discussed.
On scalar transport in nonlinearly developing Görtler vortex flow

Abstract It is shown that for an incompressible, rotationless fluid, similarity exist between the total streamwise velocity in Gortler vortex flow and the transported scalars, heat and mass, for Prandtl and Schmidt numbers of unity. This analogy is developed for a “thin boundary layer” relative to the surface radius and the streamwise development length scale. Quantitative interpretation of mushroomlike structures from flow visualization and enhanced surface heat and mass transfer rates are discussed. Some results for Prandtl and Schmidt numbers other than unity, for a gas and a liquid system, are presented.
Surface dipole of F4TCNQ films: Collective charge transfer and dipole–dipole repulsion in submonolayers

Abstract A charge transfer (CT) model is introduced for strong acceptors like A = F4TCNQ that are ionized on surfaces at low coverage θ . Each A forms a CT dimer with a surface state S. Dipole–dipole repulsion grows as θ 3/2 up to θ = 1 in a full monolayer. Electron transfer ρ ( θ ) within dimers is found self-consistently and decreases with increasing coverage. The surface dipole and work function shift Δ Φ are proportional to θρ ( θ ). The CT model has implications for photoemission and accounts for Δ Φ ( d ) profiles of F4TCNQ films of thickness d on Cu(1, 1, 1) or on hydrogenated diamond (1, 0, 0). The CT model also describes Δ Φ ( θ ) of organic donors on metals and is contrasted to previous treatments of dipoles on a surface.