cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Biology and Migration of the Bat, Myotis lucifugus, in New England

Female bats typically end hibernation in Aeolus Cave in southwestern Vermont from early April to mid-May and males between 7 May and 7 June. They scatter to summer colonies as far distant as 172 miles, predominantly to the southeast. The cave is frequented by bats from mid-July through August. After a night's visit individual bats leave, but return in September and October to hibernate. In Vermont, maternity colonies of a dozen to 1,200 bats start forming in attics as early as 22 April. Adult males compose up to 6% of a colony in June, and up to 34% in September. Parturition occurs between 7 June and 10 July. Old bats give birth earlier than yearlings. Most young can fly by mid-July. Yearlings can sometimes be recognized through June by the shape of the finger joints. Colony breakup is gradual, from late July to mid-September. Juvenile bats and some adults seem to lack homing ability. Old bats become fat in August and enter hibernation before juveniles, many of which appear emaciated. Two abandoned mines appear to serve more localized populations than does the cave most intensively studied. In summer, bats appear to be most abundant in an area of overlap known to be served by these three retreats. The summer population density of an area of approximately 8,600 square miles served by the cave is estimated to be 26 bats per square mile. The population wintering in the cave is estimated to be 300,000 ± 30,000.
The Ultrastructure of Lichens. VII. Chiodecton Sanguineum

(1983). The Ultrastructure of Lichens. VII. Chiodecton Sanguineum. Mycologia: Vol. 75, No. 2, pp. 337-339.
STM Study of Self-assembly of Quantum Dot Formed by Selective Laser Heating

Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) was used to examine the morphologies of selfassembled InGaAs quantum dots (QDs). In order to induce the self-assembly, unlike the conventional Stranski-Krastanov (S-K) growth method, spatial thermal modulations in nanoscale were created in-situ on strained-but-flat InGaAs surfaces in a Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) growth reactor by applying interferential irradiations of laser pulses (IILP). As-irradiated surfaces were examined using an attached ultra-high vacuum (UHV) STM. STM images indicate that the irradiation of 7 nano second laser pulse induces self-assembly of QDs. The average size of laser-induced QDs is smaller while their density is larger than that of QDs formed by annealing strained but flat epilayers conventionally. Furthermore, the dot density is modulated sinusoidally with a periodicity commensurate with that of the interference, which suggests that the placement of QDs can be controlled on the scale of the optical wavelength used. QD volume analysis suggests that dots grow faster laterally than vertically so that dots become flattened as they get larger.
Laser dissection sampling modes for direct mass spectral analysis.

Rationale Laser microdissection coupled directly with mass spectrometry provides the capability of on-line analysis of substrates with high spatial resolution, high collection efficiency, and freedom on shape and size of the sampling area. Establishing the merits and capabilities of the different sampling modes that the system provides is necessary in order to select the best sampling mode for characterizing analytically challenging samples. Methods The capabilities of laser ablation spot sampling, laser ablation raster sampling, and laser 'cut and drop' sampling modes of a hybrid optical microscopy/laser ablation liquid vortex capture electrospray ionization mass spectrometry system were compared for the analysis of single cells and tissue. Results Single Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells were monitored for their monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and diacylglyceryltrimethylhomo-Ser (DGTS) lipid content using the laser spot sampling mode, which was capable of ablating individual cells (~4–15 μm) even when agglomerated together. Turbid Allium Cepa cells (~150 μm) having unique shapes difficult to precisely measure using the other sampling modes could be ablated in their entirety using laser raster sampling. Intact microdissections of specific regions of a cocaine-dosed mouse brain tissue were compared using laser 'cut and drop' sampling. Since in laser 'cut and drop' sampling whole and otherwise unmodified sections are captured into the probe, 100% collection efficiencies were achieved. Laser ablation spot sampling has the highest spatial resolution of any sampling mode, while laser ablation raster sampling has the highest sampling area adaptability of the sampling modes. Conclusions Laser ablation spot sampling has the highest spatial resolution of any sampling mode, useful in this case for the analysis of single cells. Laser ablation raster sampling was best for sampling regions with unique shapes that are difficult to measure using other sampling modes. Laser 'cut and drop' sampling can be used for cases where the highest sensitivity is needed, for example, monitoring drugs present in trace amounts in tissue. Published in 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Colloidal Crystals Delay Formation of Early Stage Bacterial Biofilms

The objective of this work was to examine whether close-packed spheres of polystyrene (colloidal crystals) could be used to delay the development of biofilms. We examined early stage biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa after 2 days on a flat sheet of polystyrene and on the same solid coated in polystyrene spheres of 450 or 1500 nm diameter. All materials were coated in fetal bovine serum to enable comparison of the effects of different surface curvature while maintaining constant surface chemistry. After 2 days, fluorescence imaging showed that the volume of bacterial colonies was much smaller on the 1500 nm colloidal crystals than on the flat film. In addition, electron microscopy showed that the area covered by structures containing more than one layer of bacteria was significantly reduced on both the 450 and 1500 nm colloidal crystals compared to the flat sheet. This provides proof of concept of biofilm inhibition of a pathogen by a simple nonchemical coating that may find future application in...
An image monitoring device based on ACS300-MM for engineering & dangerous information

an image monitoring device,based on low-power consumption data collector ACS300-MM,for engineering dangerous information is introduced in this paper.Through application of the low-power consumption data collector,power supply to video camera,image collection control and rational communication mode are realized.And the power of the monitoring device is consumed very low. Through the dedicated design of transmission and control protocol for images and files,images and files are transmitted rapidly and reliably in the narrowband channel of the monitoring device.
Study on Effect of Broken Ganoderma Lucidum Spore Powder on Immune Function in Mice

Objective To study effect of broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder on immune function in mice. Methods The ICR mice were orally administrated with broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder for 30days at the doses of 0.125,0.25,and 0.75g/kg·bw,respectively.Then the following experiments were conducted:The spleen lymphocyte transformation function induced by ConA,delayed type hypersensitivity(DTH)response,the level of antibody-producing cells(APC)and hemolysin,the ability of carbon clearance,the phagocytic activities of peritoneal macrophages to chicken RBC,the activities of NK cells. Results Spleen lymphocyte proliferation capacity induced by ConA and the level of hemolysin increased significantly at the doses of 0.25and 0.75g/kg·bw.The DTH response induced by DNBF,the level of APC,the ability of carbon clearance increased significantly at the dose of 0.25g/kg·bw. Conclusion Broken ganoderma lucidum spore powder can promote the immune function in mice.
Diuretics in the Management of Congestive Heart Failure

The various classes of diuretic agents have distinct and very often complementary sites and modes of action within the nephron. By defining these differences, investigators have provided the clinician with rational bases for designing diuretic regimens that not only assure maximum benefits for the patient but also point to logical solutions for such problems as refractoriness and hypokalemia if these occur.
Simulation modeling for optimal control of additive manufacturing processes

Abstract This paper proposes computational models of the direct energy deposition and powder bed fusion processes developed for process control applications. Both models are built upon a regression metamodel of heat transfer beneath the laser beam, to which an auxiliary thermal model is added to account for residual heat in track-to-track interactions. Both models are coupled by taking temperatures predicted with the auxiliary model and incorporating them as initial conditions for metamodel predictions of future laser scans. The synergy of the metamodel and the auxiliary model creates a high-fidelity model, which is used to generate training data for a model-free optimal controller. Simulation results prove the capability of the proposed optimal controller to adjust scan speed to control temperature when accounting for track-to-track interactions.
The clinical syndrome of cervical disc disease.

Summary The clinical syndrome of cervical disc disease, exclusive of that usually associated with trauma, has been presented with an explanation of the various pathways and mechanisms of pain. Cervical disc degeneration has been represented as being three separate entities: acute disc degeneration, acute disc herniation, and chronic disc degeneration. Illustrative case histories for each of these disease processes are presented.
"Just-in-Time" Personal Preparedness: Downloads and Usage Patterns of the American Red Cross Hurricane Application During Hurricane Sandy.

OBJECTIVE: Personal preparedness is a core activity but has been found to be frequently inadequate. Smart phone applications have many uses for the public, including preparedness. In 2012 the American Red Cross began releasing "disaster" apps for family preparedness and recovery. The Hurricane App was widely used during Hurricane Sandy in 2012. METHODS: Patterns of download of the application were analyzed by using a download tracking tool by the American Red Cross and Google Analytics. Specific variables included date, time, and location of individual downloads; number of page visits and views; and average time spent on pages. RESULTS: As Hurricane Sandy approached in late October, daily downloads peaked at 152,258 on the day of landfall and by mid-November reached 697,585. Total page views began increasing on October 25 with over 4,000,000 page views during landfall compared to 3.7 million the first 3 weeks of October with a 43,980% increase in views of the "Right Before" page and a 76,275% increase in views of the "During" page. CONCLUSIONS: The Hurricane App offered a new type of "just-in-time" training that reached tens of thousands of families in areas affected by Hurricane Sandy. The app allowed these families to access real-time information before and after the storm to help them prepare and recover. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;page 1 of 6). Language: en
Cancer of the Breast and Female Reproductive Tract

The monumental discovery of BRCA1 and BRCA2 changed the face of risk assessment for cancer. Investigations into the frequency of mutations in various populations, guidelines for genetic testing and screening and prevention recommendations have now accrued outcome data that these interventions reduce morbidity and mortality. The ability to specifically identify an at-risk unaffected woman allows for genetics to dictate clinical care for the first time. Rare familial syndromes and moderate-risk single genes, including CDH1, p53, PTEN, STK11, CHEK2 and PALB2, are all autosomal dominant genes and associated with a distinctive array of cancer risks or clinical stigmata. However, despite these molecular advances, a large component of familial risk for breast cancer is unaccounted for and thought to be polygenic. Genome-wide association studies have yielded a score of low-risk alleles; yet, these polymorphisms have little impact on the prediction of risk for any individual woman.
Cocaine Vaccine Development: Evaluation of Carrier and Adjuvant Combinations That Activate Multiple Toll-Like Receptors.

Although cocaine abuse and addiction continue to cause serious health and societal problems, an FDA-approved medication to treat cocaine addiction has yet to be developed. Employing a pharmacokinetic strategy, an anticocaine vaccine provides an attractive avenue to address these issues; however, current vaccines have shown varying degrees of efficacy, indicating that further formulation is necessary. As a means to improve vaccine efficacy, we examined the effects of varying anticocaine vaccine formulations by combining a Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist with a TLR5 agonist in the presence of alum. The TLR9 agonist used was cytosine-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide 1826 (CpG 1826), while the TLR5 agonist was flagellin (FliC). Formulations with the TLR9 agonist elicited superior anticocaine antibody titers and blockade of hyperlocomotor effects compared to vaccines without CpG 1826. This improvement was seen regardless of whether the TLR5 agonist, FliC, or the nonadjuvanting Tetanus Toxoid (TT) was used as t...
Grassmannian predictive coding for delayed limited feedback MIMO systems

Limited feedback in multiple antenna wireless systems is a practical technique to obtain channel state information at the transmitter. When the channel is time-varying with memory, however, selected codeword may become outdated before its use at the transmitter. To overcome this problem, we propose a Grassmannian prediction and predictive coding framework for delayed feedback systems by exploiting the memory in the channel. A prediction step size optimization criterion for correlated time-series evolving on the Grassmann manifold is derived. The proposed predictive coding framework uses optimized prediction to account for the feedback delay. Application to delayed limited feedback multiuser multiple antenna system shows sum rate improvement and robustness to delay.
Differential diagnosis of epithelioid and clear cell tumors in the liver

A tumor composed of large eosinophilic cells in the liver raises concern for hepatocellular carcinoma, which is typically composed of such cells. However, there are other tumors, both primary and metastatic, that may be composed predominantly of large epithelioid cells. Distinction of these tumors from hepatocellular carcinoma and from each other is of obvious importance for patient management. Similarly, a clear cell tumor anywhere in the body triggers suspicion for renal cell carcinoma. However, other tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma can rarely be composed entirely of cell cells and the distinction of these from one another, and of primary from metastatic disease is vital. As with the latter, accurate diagnosis is essential for patient management. Using illustrative examples, this article discusses differential diagnosis of liver tumors comprised predominantly of epithelioid cells or clear cells.
System Identification of a Two-Story Infilled RC Building in Different Damage States

This study focuses on vibration-based system identification of an actual structure located in El Centro, California. The structure had already been subjected to four earthquakes with epicenters in close proximity and was to be demolished due to the extended damage. Four damage levels were introduced to the structure by gradually removing four perimeter infill walls. A series of dynamic tests were conducted in each damage state using an eccentric mass shaker. The ambient vibration of the structure was also recorded through an array of 60 accelerometers mounted on the structure. The system identification discussed in this paper was conducted using the ambient vibration recordings. Moreover, a preliminary finite element model of the building was created to estimate numerically the dynamic characteristics of the structure. These were compared to the properties obtained from the system identification. The results indicate that the frequencies estimated by the model overestimate those obtained from the system identification results, while the experimentally and numerically obtained mode shapes are in good agreement.
Gastrointestinal (GI) System

The incidence of esophageal atresia is 1 in 3,000 live births. Most occurs as part of a tracheoesophageal fistula, but esophageal atresia may also occur in isolation. It arises early in embryologic development and is thought to result from an abnormal interaction of mesodermal ridges and foregut, with failure of normal separation of foregut into trachea and esophagus. Esophageal atresia is frequently associated with other malformations, including midline defects (50 %) and cardiac anomalies (30 %).
DIPG-27. CLEE011XUS17T (NCT 02607124): A PHASE I/II STUDY OF RIBOCICLIB (LEE011) FOLLOWING RADIATION THERAPY IN CHILDREN WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED NON-BIOPSIED DIFFUSE PONTINE GLIOMAS (DIPG) AND RB+ BIOPSIED DIPG AND HIGH GRADE GLIOMAS (HGG)

AbstractGenomic sequencing studies have uncovered alterations of checkpoint cell cycle regulators (CDK4/6, CDK2NA) in diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) and high-grade gliomas (HGG). Ribociclib (LEE011) is an orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of CDK4/CyclinD1 and CDK6/CyclinD3 complexes resulting in hypophosphorylation of RB and cell cycle arrest. In a feasibility, phase II study, patients with newly-diagnosed DIPG or HGG received radiation therapy prior to enrollment. All HGG patients and any DIPG patient who had undergone biopsy were screened for total RB protein by immunohistochemistry. Ribociclib was administered daily for 21 of 28 days at 350 mg/m/day. Feasibilty endpoints included toxic death, Grade 3/4 toxicities possibly related to ribociclib resulting in drug discontinuation, > 2 weeks delay in the start of any course or discontinuation of the protocol therapy even after appropriate dose modification. Efficacy was measured by the overall survival distribution for DIPG and HGG. Of the 10 patients enrolled (median 6.5 years; range:4–20), 9 received treatment (8 DIPG, 1 HGG) and one developed leptomeningeal disease prior to therapy. To date, the median number of courses are 4.5 (range: 1–10). Ribociclib was well-tolerated; three patients required dose reduction for grade 4 neutropenia; no patients have come off therapy for toxicity. The most common adverse events were leukopenia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. MRI evaluations in 2 patients revealed increased T2 FLAIR signal with new neurological symptoms within the first 2 cycles of therapy. These patients were responsive to steroids and remain on study. Six patients remain on active therapy at a median of 9 months post diagnosis (range: 3–12). The preliminary analysis demonstrates that ribociclib, administered post radiation therapy is well-tolerated in children and young adults with DIPG and RB+ HGG. Analyses for efficacy and correlative studies will be presented at the meeting.
Thrips calcaratus-Induced Defoliation and Subsequent Foliar Suitability

The impact of herbivory by the introduced basswood thrips, Thrips calcaratus, on subsequent success of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L. was studied. Second instar gypsy moths showed a reversal in preference between thrips-damaged and control foliage in an early vs. mid-season assay. Early season control foliage was preferred over thrips-damaged foliage. In the mid-season assay, the thrips-damaged discs were preferred. Moderate defoliation by thrips early in the season resulted in significantly smaller gypsy moths. Severe defoliation by thrips in mid-season resulted in larger gypsy moths with longer development times. Refoliated trees produced larger gypsy moths with longer development times than did original foliage.
BARBA MARTÍN, JJ. y LÓPEZ PASTOR, V M. (2006) Aprendiendo a correr con autonomía: buscando un ritmo constante y sostenible en esfuerzos de larga duración. Unidades Didácticas para Primaria, Secundaria y Bachillerato. Buenos Aires: Miño y Dávila

BARBA MARTI, J. J. y LOPEZ PASTOR, V. M. (2006). Aprendiendo a correr con autonomia: buscando un ritmo constante y sostenible en esfuerzos de larga duracion. Unidades Didacticas para Primaria, Secundaria y Bachillerato . Buenos Aires. Mino y Davila.
Re-evaluating pathogenicity of variants associated with the long QT syndrome.

Introduction Genetic testing for congenital long-QT syndrome (LQTS) has become common. Recent studies have shown that some variants labelled as pathogenic might be misclassified due to sparse case reports and relatively common allele frequencies in the general population. This study aims to evaluate the presence of LQTS-associated variants in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) population, and assess the functional impact of these variants. Methods and results Variants associated with LQTS from the Human Gene Mutation Database were extracted and matched to the gnomAD to evaluate population-based allele frequencies (AF). We used MetaSVM to predict the function of LQTS variants. Allele distribution by protein topology in KCNQ1, KCNH2, and SCN5A was compared between gnomAD (n = 123,136) and a cohort of LQTS patients aggregated from 8 published studies (n = 2,683). Among the 1,415 LQTS-associated single nucleotide variants in 30 genes, 347 (25%) are present in gnomAD; 24% of the 347 variants were predicted as functionally tolerated compared with 4% of variants not present in gnomAD (p < 0.001). Of the 347 pathogenic variants in gnomAD, 7 (2%) had an AF of ≥ 0.001 and 65 (19%) variants had an AF of ≥ 0.0001. In KCNQ1, KCNH2, and SCN5A, allele distribution by protein functional region was significantly different with gnomAD alleles appearing less frequently in highly pathogenic domains than case alleles. Conclusion A significant number of LQTS variants have insufficient evidence for pathogenicity and relatively common allele frequencies in the general population. Caution should be used when ascribing pathogenicity to these variants. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Effect of Light Illumination on Mixed Halide Lead Perovskites: Reversible or Irreversible Transformation

One intriguing aspect of mixed halide lead perovskites (e.g., CH3NH3PbBrxI3–x) is halide ion segregation when subjected to visible illumination, but this aspect gives rise to the concerns regarding the influence of halide ion movement on the long–term stability and applications. Here, the impact of light illumination on mixed halide hybrid perovskite films was investigated by exposing such films to continuous wavelength laser (25 mW/cm2). It turns out that under illumination the segregated iodide-rich perovskite species further decompose and ultimately form metallic lead (Pb0). The chemical changes in decomposed films were found to cause an irreversible shift of the absorption band edge and a significant change in film morphology, while no decomposition of MAPbI3 and MAPbBr3 films was observed after exposure to the same illumination condition. Our results unambiguously demonstrate the deleterious effect of phase segregation on material stability for mixed halide perovskites.
Developing and Sustaining Effective Faculty Mentoring Programs

How do faculty and universities benefit from mentoring, and what sorts of mentoring programs and policies are most effective? This article reviews existing research on mentoring in higher education...
Archaeological Investigations of Second World War Prisoner of War Camps at Fort Hood, Texas

Camp Hood and North Camp Hood were two Second World War internment camps for German Prisoners of War (PoWs) located within the boundaries of Fort Hood, Texas. Since the end of the war, the structures assigned to temporary Second World War functions have been mostly destroyed. One camp was eradicated by the continual growth of the Fort Hood cantonment area. The location of the razed second camp is presently vacant and overgrown, but endangered by Fort Hood’s future growth. Limited excavations of North Camp Hood Internment Camp and extensive scrutiny of archival documentation have recovered the requisite information to advise that the site is eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. The present military situation of reduced cultural resource funding and the expansion of training facilities, however, threaten to elide this important component of American military heritage. This chapter presents the results of the archaeological investigation of the PoW camp at Fort Hood, and examines the challenges to preserving this vestige of the American Home Front of the Second World War.
Giant cell arteritis involving the facial artery

Jaw claudication in giant cell (temporal) arteritis (GCA) is believed to be due to vasculitic obstruction or stenosis of the arteries supplying the muscles of mastication, notably the facial and internal maxillary arteries and their branches. However, histologic documentation of this is rarely available because GCA is usually diagnosed by temporal artery biopsies. We describe a patient with jaw claudication and other clinical features of GCA in whom a facial artery biopsy confirmed involvement by GCA.
Introduction: Religion and the Politics of Immigration Reform

Immigration policy has been an important issue throughout American history. In this text, we examine the role of evangelicals in this policy arena. We contend that there are a series of fault lines among evangelicals with regard to immigration policy: between evangelical elites and laity; between a growing majority of centrist and center-left evangelical elites, and an increasingly vocal minority of evangelical elites who are staunchly conservative on immigration questions; and between evangelicals along lines of race and ethnicity. We also consider areas of convergence and cooperation within these same categories.
BUCKLING OF A CIRCULAR CYLINDRICAL WEB-STIFFENED SANDWICH SHELL UNDER AXIAL COMPRESSION

Presented herein is a stability analysis of an infinitely long web-stiffened, circular cylindrical sandwich shell under uniform axial compression. The formulation begins with the establishment of a set of suitable large-deflection shell equations that form the basis for the subsequent development of the buckling equations. The mathematical model corresponds to two face layers which are considered as thin shells and a thick core which is capable of resisting both transverse shear and circumferential extension. The associated eigenvalue problem is solved. Results show that the lowest buckling load is associated with the axisymmetric mode rather than the asymmetric modes.
Boreal forest vegetation and fuel conditions 12 years after the 2004 Taylor Complex fires in Alaska, USA

Fire has historically been a primary control on succession and vegetation dynamics in boreal systems, although modern changing climate is potentially increasing fire size and frequency. Large, often remote fires necessitate large-scale estimates of fire effects and consequences, often using Landsat satellite-derived dNBR (differenced Normalized Burn Ratio) to estimate burn severity. However, few studies have examined long-term field measures of ecosystem condition in relation to dNBR severity classes in boreal Alaska, USA. The goals of this study were: 1) assess changes in dominant vegetation at plots resampled one and 12 years post fire; 2) use dNBR classes to characterize vegetation and downed woody fuels 12 years post fire; and 3) characterize the relationship between biophysical, topographic, and remotely sensed characteristics (e.g., moss and duff depth, canopy cover, elevation, aspect, dNBR) and understory species assemblages 12 years post fire. Understory species richness doubled (from 39 to 73) between 2005 and 2016; some common species increased in cover over time (e.g., Ledum groenlandicum Oeder) while others decreased (e.g., Hylocomium splendens [Hedw.] Schimp.). In 2016, live and dead tree densities, tall shrub cover, and 1- and 100-h woody fuels were significantly different among dNBR classes; moss and duff depth, canopy cover, and spruce seedling density were not. Elevation and aspect significantly influenced tall shrub cover, hardwood sapling density, and downed woody fuel loads. Understory plant communities differed between unburned and all burn classes, as well as between low and high dNBR severity. Ordination analysis showed that overstory (e.g., live tree density), understory (e.g., moss depth, woody fuel loading), and site (elevation, aspect, dNBR) significantly influences understory species assemblages. Remeasured sites (sampled one and 12 years post fire) showed recruitment of new understory species and differing, diverse responses to burning by several common plant species. In 2016, low-severity burned sites had generally the highest woody fuel loading, which may increase risk of repeated surface burning, although the reduction in live tree density would still result in decreased fire risk and behavior. Understory community composition correlated with multiple biotic and abiotic factors, including moss depth, canopy cover, elevation, aspect, and dNBR. Overall, our findings can improve landscape-level predictions of ecosystem condition following fire based on dNBR.
Region-specific transcriptomic and functional signatures of mononuclear phagocytes in the epididymis

In the epididymis, prevention of autoimmune responses against spermatozoa and simultaneous protection against pathogens is important for male fertility. We have previously shown that mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) are located either in the epididymal interstitium or in close proximity to the epithelium. In the initial segments (IS), these 'intraepithelial' MPs extend slender luminal-reaching projections between epithelial cells. In this study, we performed an in-depth characterisation of MPs isolated from IS, caput-corpus and cauda epididymis of CX3CR1EGFP+/- mice that express EGFP in these cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed region-specific subsets of MPs that express combinations of markers traditionally described in 'dendritic cells' or 'macrophages'. RNA sequencing identified distinct transcriptomic signatures in MPs from each region and revealed specific genes involved in inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses, phagosomal activity and antigen processing and presentation. Functional fluorescent in vivo labelling assays showed that higher percentages of CX3CR1+ MPs that captured and processed antigens were detected in the IS compared to other regions. Confocal microscopy showed that in the IS, caput and corpus, circulatory antigens were internalised and processed by interstitial and intraepithelial MPs. However, in the cauda only interstitial MPs internalised and processed antigens, while intraepithelial MPs did not take up antigens, indicating that all antigens have been captured before they reached the epithelial lining. Cauda MPs may thus confer a stronger protection against blood-borne pathogens compared to proximal regions. By identifying immunoregulatory mechanisms in the epididymis, our study may lead to new therapies for male infertility and epididymitis and identify potential targets for immunocontraception.
SciBlock: A Blockchain-Based Tamper-Proof Non-Repudiable Storage for Scientific Workflow Provenance

Modern scientific workflow systems lack strong support for protecting the scientific data and their provenance from being forged or altered. As a result, scientists may be misled into believing that they have found a specific result, but only to discover later that the data they used have been altered and should not be trusted. To address this limitation, we develop a new system called SciBlock that leverages recent advances in blockchain technology to provide a tamper-proof and non-repudiable storage for scientific workflow provenance. SciBlock provides primitives that allow users to query scientific workflow provenance data efficiently. Moreover, SciBlock offers the capability of invalidating wrong or outdated scientific workflow provenance data without removing them from the blockchain. We conducted extensive experiments to evaluate the performance and scalability of SciBlock. Our experimental results show that SciBlock offers a promising approach to enhancing scientific research integrity in a distributed collaborative environment.
Total Ankle Arthroplasty and Ankle Arthrodesis Use: An American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery Part II Database Study.

ABSTRACT Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) use has increased during the past 20 years, whereas ankle arthrodesis (AAD) use has remained constant. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in TAA and AAD use in American Board of Orthopedic Surgery Part II candidates while considering the influence of fellowship training status on treatment of end-stage ankle arthritis. The American Board of Orthopedic Surgery Part II database was queried to identify all candidates who performed ≥1 TAA or AAD from examination years 2009 through 2018. Candidates were categorized by examination year and by self-reported fellowship training status. Descriptive statistical methods were used to report procedure volumes. Trends in use of TAA and AAD were examined by using log-modified regression analyses. From 2009through 2018, there was no significant change in TAA or AAD use among all candidates (p = .92, p = .20). Candidates reporting a foot and ankle fellowship trended toward increased use of TAA relative to AAD compared with non–foot and ankle fellowship candidates, but this failed to reach statistical significance (p = .06). The use of arthroscopic AAD increased over time (p
Complementary and Integrative Therapies (CIM) in Patients with CNS Metastasis

Patients with central nervous system metastasis often seek an integrative approach to their care in hope of cure or symptom management. The integrative care plan requires a patient-centered approach which involves attention to their concerns followed by development of a comprehensive plan involving physical, mind-body, and social modalities. Evidence-informed recommendation of modalities such as acupuncture, massage, and mind-body practices combined with open communication and discussion of herbs and supplements, their safety, and interactions with cancer and chemotherapy is critical to achieve optimal clinical outcomes.
How hope measures up: Hope predicts school variables beyond growth mindset and school belonging

In this study, the associations among growth mindset, school belonging, and hope to several important academic variables are examined in a diverse sample of 447 high school students. In addition, the contribution made by growth mindset and school belonging to these academic variables is compared to hope’s contribution. Data were collected via a school-administered survey and study analyses include a series of hierarchical regressions. This study had several notable findings. First, although growth mindset and school belonging accounted for meaningful percentages of variance in behavioral engagement, academic self-efficacy, and curiosity after controlling for demographics, both constructs did not meaningfully predict academic achievement, academic self-efficacy for self-regulation, or educational expectations. Second, hope not only accounted for the majority of variance across all academic variables compared to growth mindset and school belonging, but also explained a meaningful portion of all the academic variables (except educational expectations) beyond demographics and both variables. These results indicate that hope interventions might be a better investment than both growth mindset and school belonging interventions.
Processes in Insurance 4.0

Insurance 4.0 is not only a digital transformation. The business model canvas has several components. All of them are essential in digital transformation. Process transformation is one of its key performance activities. Processes are at the very base of insurance 4.0. They are robustly impacted by it. Its re-engineering is a critical success factor. This chapter provides guidelines on processes to support insurance 4.0. It underlines a clear line capable of linking insurance companies with their objectives. This chapter considers some of the more critical processes, such as underwriting. The chapter also analyzes the risk management process. It shows how resilience is the real way to manage risks in the processes. One of the significant benefits, included with the adoption of these digital technologies, is the possibility for companies to better forecast risks and customer demand, transforming companies’ value proposition from “reactive claims payer to preventive risk advisors” (Price Waterhouse Coopers. [2017]. A marketplace without boundaries? Responding to disruption goo.gl/p8Hs9b. Accessed 30 May 2020), lowering prices and shaping their targets.
First Trainees: The Golden Anniversary of the Early History of Telemedicine Education at the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard (1968–1970)

Recently, interest in creating curriculum in telemedicine for medical students, nurses, and most other health professionals has spiked because of the healthcare industry’s rapid shift to providing care via telemedicine as a means of infection control due to the Covid-19 pandemic [1, 2]. This commentary describes the initial medical student and resident training in telemedicine at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) a half century ago.
Journalistic Source Discovery: Supporting The Identification of News Sources in User Generated Content

Many journalists and newsrooms now incorporate audience contributions in their sourcing practices by leveraging user-generated content (UGC). However, their sourcing needs and practices as they seek information from UGCs are still not deeply understood by researchers or well-supported in tools. This paper first reports the results of a qualitative interview study with nine professional journalists about their UGC sourcing practices, detailing what journalists typically look for in UGCs and elaborating on two UGC sourcing approaches: deep reporting and wide reporting. These findings then inform a human-centered design approach to prototype a UGC sourcing tool for journalists, which enables journalists to interactively filter and rank UGCs based on users’ example content. We evaluate the prototype with nine professional journalists who source UGCs in their daily routines to understand how UGC sourcing practices are enabled and transformed, while also uncovering opportunities for future research and design to support journalistic sourcing practices and sensemaking processes.
Evaporation induced self-assembly of rough colloids: A multiscale simulation study

Abstract A multiscale simulation method combining the finite volume multiphase Volume of Fluid (VOF) method and Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) is employed to investigate and control the self-assembly of charged polymeric nanoparticles in droplet solution deposited on a plane and rough substrate during solvent evaporation. The sessile droplet is placed on a constant temperature substrate and allowed to evaporate as the particles self-assemble at the bottom. The droplet temperature drops to the wet-bulb temperature during evaporation as expected. A coupling scheme between the VOF and the Level Set (LS) parameters is presented to reduce the spurious current in the droplet. An algorithm is presented for combining the coupled VOF and LS method with the DPD method. The DPD simulation includes the Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) forces between the particles, their interaction with the substrate, Stokes drag, Brownian, and capillary forces. Ring formation of particles for different contact angles is discussed in terms of ring width and deposition time. The effect of van der Waals (vdW) force and substrate friction on particle deposition are discussed. A uniform deposit is obtained with a combination of moderate vdW force and surface friction. By applying the First Order Statistics analysis, three stages of deposit development are observed for various contact angles. The proposed simulation method is very general and can provide valuable tools for controlling and optimizing the self-assembly of nanoparticles.
Aggregation Delayed Federated Learning.

Federated learning is a distributed machine learning paradigm where multiple data owners (clients) collaboratively train one machine learning model while keeping data on their own devices. The heterogeneity of client datasets is one of the most important challenges of federated learning algorithms. Studies have found performance reduction with standard federated algorithms, such as FedAvg, on non-IID data. Many existing works on handling non-IID data adopt the same aggregation framework as FedAvg and focus on improving model updates either on the server side or on clients. In this work, we tackle this challenge in a different view by introducing redistribution rounds that delay the aggregation. We perform experiments on multiple tasks and show that the proposed framework significantly improves the performance on non-IID data.
VORTICES IN SHEAR BANDS IN SANDS

We show digital image-based experimental evidence of vortex structures within shear bands in sands deforming in plane strain compression. Spatially varying systematic patterns in kinematic data fields have been found within shear bands, defining a coordinated collapse event of the force chains that initially comprise the shear band upon formation. We have identified co-rotating vortices or “circulation cells” within the shear band by subtracting an overlaid linearly varying shear band displacement field from the observed nonhomogeneous shear band displacement field. These vortex structures correlate precisely with previously observed kinematic patterns.
A Logic Programming Approach to Scientific Workflow Provenance Querying

Scientific workflows have become increasingly important for enabling and accelerating many scientific discoveries. More and more scientists and researchers rely on workflow systems to integrate and structure various local and remote heterogeneous data and services to perform in silico experiments. In order to support understanding, validation, and reproduction of scientific results, provenance querying and management has become a critical component in scientific workflows. In this paper, we propose a logic programming approach to scientific workflow provenance querying and management with the following contributions: i) We identify a set of characteristics that are desirable for a scientific workflow provenance query language; ii) Based on these requirements, we propose FLOQ, a Frame Logic based query language for scientific workflow provenance, iii) We demonstrate that our previous relational database based provenance model, virtual data schema , can be easily mapped to the FLOQ model; and iv) We show by examples that FLOQ is expressive enough to formulate common provenance queries, including all the provenance challenge queries proposed in the provenance challenge series.
Meeting the Assistive Technology Needs of Students with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Students with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) have a degenerative disease that requires ongoing changes in assistive technology (AT). The AT team needs to be knowledgeable about the disease and i...
Impacts of Invasive Species on Ecosystem Services

The impacts of invasive species on ecosystem services have attracted worldwide attention. Despite the overwhelming evidence of these impacts and a growing appreciation for ecosystem services, however, researchers and policymakers rarely directly address the connection between invasions and ecosystem services. Various attempts have been made to address the ecosystem processes that are affected by invasive species (e.g., Levine et al. 2003; Dukes and Mooney 2004), but the links between these mechanisms and ecosystem services are largely lacking in the literature. Assessments of the economic impacts of invasive species cover costs beyond those associated with ecosystem services (e.g., control costs), and generally do not differentiate by ecosystem service type. Additionally, while advances have been made in quantifying non-market-based ecosystem services, their loss or alteration by invasive species are often overlooked or underappreciated. Ecosystem services are the benefits provided to human society by natural ecosystems, or more broadly put, the ecosystem processes by which human life is maintained. The concept of ecosystem services is not new, and there have been multiple attempts to list and/or categorize these services, especially as the existence of additional services has been recognized (e.g., Daily 1997; NRC 2005). For the purposes of this chapter, we address ecosystem services in the framework put forward by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005). The services we list are primarily those enumerated in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005), with minimal variation in wording, and inclusion of several additional services not explicitly stated in this assessment. This framework places services into four categories (in italics). Provisioning services are products obtained from ecosystems, and include food (crops, livestock, fisheries, etc.), freshwater, fiber (timber, cotton, silk, etc.), fuel, genetic resources, biochemicals/pharmaceuticals/natural medicines, and ornamental resources. Regulating services are obtained from the regulation of ecosystem
Macromolecular Synthesis During Microcycle Sporogenesis of Bacillus cereus T

Microcycle sporogenesis induced in Bacillus cereus T by phosphate limitation occurs over a narrow range of phosphate to spore inoculum ratios. Sufficient phosphate is required to satisfy the demands for a twofold increase in deoxyribonucleic acid; net ribonucleic acid synthesis is not required. The total ribonucleic acid content of the culture was variable, and deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis was restricted to a twofold increase. Developmental changes during outgrowth occurred synchronously, whereas enzyme synthesis was periodic. The timing of the synthesis of tricarboxylic cycle enzymes, extracellular protease, arginase, histidase, and alkaline phosphatase was measured. Histidase could be induced after 2.5 hr throughout microcycle sporogenesis. Several other features of macromolecular synthesis during microcycle sporogenesis are described. Differences between this pattern and those observed during outgrowth leading to cell division are discussed. A technique for accurately estimating the levels and time of synthesis of incompletely extractable, labile enzymes is also presented.
The measurement of insanity: debating the merits of the R-CRAS and its alternatives.

With the emergence of psycholegal scales, the Rogers Criminal Responsibility assessment scales (R-CRAS) was developed as the first standardized measure of criminal responsibility. Initially constructed as a research protocol in 1979, validation studies were conducted during the early 1980s’ and resulted in its publication as a clinical measure in 1984.’ The first generation of R-CRAS critiques have ranged from sharply critical3 to laudatory.4 An important question which can not and should not be ignored is simply, “What is the R-CRAS?” Much of the vigorous debate found in the literature involves whether it is a test, measure, instrument, or structured guide. Certainly, it was never intended to be a test in the traditional sense,5 although it clearly has psychometric properties. Rather, the R-CRAS was constructed to standardize and organize insanity evaluations. While there are normative data available and “scores” could be generated, the risks of misuse outweigh any advantage. The everpresent danger is that clinicians and legal professionals
Martínez, Paloma. "Hablar en silencio, decir lo indecible. Una aproximación a la cuestión de los límites del lenguaje en la obra temprana de Martin Heidegger", Dianoia LIII 61 (2008): 111-147

Martinez, Paloma. "Hablar en silencio, decir lo indecible. Una aproximacion a la cuestion de los limites del lenguaje en la obra temprana de Martin Heidegger", Dianoia LIII 61 (2008): 111-147.