cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Anopheles prevalence in Jiangsu province,2008-2009

Objective To identify Anopheles sinensis population density,growth trends and insecticide sensitivity.Methods Anopheles mosquitoes were collected by human landing catch and collecting mosquitoes inside cowsheds during endemic season.The WHO insecticide-susceptibility test was used.The rate of knockdown was calculated after 10,15,20,30,40,50,60 minutes after exposure.The mortality was scored 24 hours after exposure.Results From late June to early October in 2008,322 An.sinensis were collected by human landing catch in bed nets semi-overnight.The biting rate was 1.61 bites per person per hour.A total of 886 An.sinensis were captured in cowsheds.The density was 147.66 mosquitoes per person per hour.The resistance of An.sinensis to deltamethrin and cyfluthrin were levels R and M,respectively.From late June to early October in 2009,349 An.sinensis were caught in bed nets semi-overnight.The biting rate was 1.25 bites per person per hour.With 652 An.sinensis collected,the density was 108.67 mosquitoes per person per hour.The resistance of An.sinensis to deltamethrin and malathion were levels R and R,respectively.Conclusion An.sinesis is resistant to deltamethrin and initially resistance to cyfluthrin in Jiangsu province.The applied insecticide should be chosen when there is outbreak of malaria by using insecticide treated nets(ITNs) and indoor spraying of insecticide.Health education should be introduced to local people to improve protection from mosquitoes and minimize contact with mosquitoes.
Fluorescent body distribution in spermatozoa in the male with exclusively female offspring.

Fluorescent (F) body distribution was determined in a group of men who did not have a fertility problem, but rather had fathered exclusively female offspring. The study was designed to analyze spermatozoa for the frequency of zero F-body (X-bearing) and one F-body (Y-bearing) spermatozoa. Semen samples were separated (processed) for Y-bearing spermatozoa enrichment and reanalyzed for fluorescent body distribution. The study consisted of 50 control (10 males) samples (unprocessed), 35 preseparation (35 patients) samples (unprocessed), and 18 postseparation (18 patients) samples (processed). A significantly higher frequency ( P
Towards Simulation of Semantic Generation and Detection of Humorous Response

This paper explores headlines that are so obvious that they are somehow funny. We develop a model that uses ontological representation as the basis for retrieving such obvious information. Using this model, we generate jokes in a narrow domain of fluid dynamics.
Revisiting an early classic on gopher bioturbation and geomorphology: Joseph Grinnell (1923) The burrowing rodents of California as agents in soil formation Journal of Mammalogy 4(3): 137–149

Joseph Grinnell’s 1923 paper on the burrowing effects of pocket gophers is a classic in the literature of zoogeomorphology and ecology. It established the significance of gophers as agents of biotu...
Greater Benefit with Rivaroxaban Than Aspirin for Extended Treatment of VTE.

Compared with aspirin, the use of rivaroxaban (Xarelto) to extend anticoagulation beyond the initial six to 12 months to treat provoked or unprovoked VTE reduces the risk of recurrent symptomatic VTE without increasing the risk of bleeding. You would need to treat approximately 30 to 33 patients with full- or low-dose rivaroxaban to prevent one additional clot.
Hydrogels with Reversible Mechanics to Probe Dynamic Cell Microenvironments

The relationship between ECM mechanics and cell behavior is dynamic, as cells remodel and respond to changes in their local environment. Most in vitro substrates are static and supraphysiologically stiff; thus, platforms with dynamic and reversible mechanical changes are needed. Herein, we developed hyaluronic acid-based substrates capable of sequential photodegradation and photoinitiated crosslinking reactions to soften and then stiffen the hydrogels over a physiologically relevant range of moduli. Reversible mechanical signaling to adhered cells was demonstrated with human mesenchymal stem cells. In situ hydrogel softening (from ca. 14 to 3.5 kPa) led to a decrease in the cell area and nuclear localization of YAP/TAZ, and subsequent stiffening (from ca. 3.5 to 28 kPa) increased the cell area and nuclear localization of YAP/TAZ. Each photoreaction was cytocompatible and tunable, rendering this platform amenable to studies of dynamic mechanics on cell behavior across many cell types and contexts.
Directing Military Operations

This Comment to Professor Saikrishna Prakash's article The Separation and Overlap of War and Military Powers, disagrees with Prakash's contention that the Constitution does not grant the President any exclusive military powers. In particular, it takes issue with Prakash's view that Congress's constitutional power "to make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces" gives Congress all-encompassing military power. It finds that although the Constitution grants Congress the authority to pass standing laws regulating general military conduct, the Constitution does not grant Congress the power to direct battlefield operations. Comparing the Constitution's language to that of its predecessor, the Articles of Confederation, it argues that the President alone has the power to direct military operations, and congressional attempts to exercise such authority would be unconstitutional.
On line model uncertainty quantification: Hard upper bounds and convergence

This paper considers the problem of on line uncertainty bound quantification in identification of restricted complexity models. Algorithms are presented, which provide hard and tight upper bound on the unknown model uncertainty in H2, H∞ and pointwise sense respectively. The algorithms proposed are very simple, on line and recursive. This allows robust control and adaptive identification to be combined.
Topology optimization framework for structures subjected to stationary stochastic dynamic loads

The field of topology optimization has progressed substantially in recent years, with applications varying in terms of the type of structures, boundary conditions, loadings, and materials. Nevertheless, topology optimization of stochastically excited structures has received relatively little attention. Most current approaches replace the dynamic loads with either equivalent static or harmonic loads. In this study, a direct approach to problem is pursued, where the excitation is modeled as a stationary zero-mean filtered white noise. The excitation model is combined with the structural model to form an augmented representation, and the stationary covariances of the structural responses of interest are obtained by solving a Lyapunov equation. An objective function of the optimization scheme is then defined in terms of these stationary covariances. A fast large-scale solver of the Lyapunov equation is implemented for sparse matrices, and an efficient adjoint method is proposed to obtain the sensitivities of the objective function. The proposed topology optimization framework is illustrated for four examples: (i) minimization of the displacement of a mass at the free end of a cantilever beam subjected to a stochastic dynamic base excitation, (ii) minimization of tip displacement of a cantilever beam subjected to a stochastic dynamic tip load, (iii) minimization of tip displacement and acceleration of a cantilever beam subjected to a stochastic dynamic tip load, and (iv) minimization of a plate subjected to multiple stochastic dynamic loads. The results presented herein demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach for efficient multi-objective topology optimization of stochastically excited structures, as well as multiple input-multiple output systems.
Fun, Foibles and Frustrations

The current chapter reports on a longitudinal research project trying to understand what creativity means. While filled with plenty of frustrations and mistakes, it has opened up a different way of analyzing creativity – from an academic field, sociology, that has not paid much attention to the concept, and offered the kind of insights that are made possible only by combining different research methodologies.
Abstract B22: Trends in mammography utilization at a safety net breast cancer screening center

Background: Breast cancer screening uptake patterns vary based on race and ethnicity, insurance status, socioeconomic status, and age. Among uninsured and resource-poor populations, community-based safety net clinics have emerged as important providers of these breast cancer screening services. The Capital Breast Care Center (CBCC) was established in 2004 to deliver breast and cervical cancer screening to all women in the District of Columbia (DC) metropolitan region. CBCC serves a large Black and Hispanic population with representation of many diverse ethnic groups within these racial categories. Here, we examine the population of women presenting to CBCC for screening mammograms from 2010 to 2016, evaluating patterns of changes in utilization of the services along sociodemographic and economic lines among the women. Methods: Prospectively collected demographic data were abstracted from the electronic medical records including age, race, menopausal status, insurance status, highest education attainment, and screening outcome. Percentages of women who sought mammography screening were computed for each year by categories of selected characteristics. Time trends in screening were tested with the Cochran-Armitage trend test. Results: From 2010 to 2016, 8448 women were screened at CBCC with 106 diagnoses of breast cancer. African-American and Hispanic women accounted for about 90%. Trends in the racial/ethnic composition of the women screened shifted, with African American women decreasing while the proportion of Latina patients increased (p-value Conclusion: In this analysis of asymptomatic women presenting for breast cancer screening, over a 7-year period there were significant trends in an increase in Hispanic women, those residing in Virginia, and those screened using the NBCCEDP. These analyses of the population of women selecting CBCC for mammography screening may reflect both local and national demographic shifts. Assessment of patient trends can improve preventative/public health efforts and intervention services offered at community clinics. Citation Format: Bridget A. Oppong, Holly Greenwald, Chiranjeev Dash, Kepher Makambi, Tesha Coleman, Lucile Adams-Campbell. Trends in mammography utilization at a safety net breast cancer screening center [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Tenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2017 Sep 25-28; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018;27(7 Suppl):Abstract nr B22.
Outcomes of Arthroscopic Posterior Shoulder Stabilization in the Beach-Chair Versus Lateral Decubitus Position: A Systematic Review.

Background:Arthroscopic posterior shoulder stabilization can be performed with patients in the beach-chair (BC) and the lateral decubitus (LD) positions; however, the impact of patient positioning ...
Developing a data pipeline to improve accessibility and utilization of Charlottesville's Open Data Portal

To improve democratic engagement between the people and the government, the city of Charlottesville put forward a proposition to construct an online portal that would contain data from the city departments that is considered public by nature. This move was intended to promote the ease of access to data pertinent to ongoing policy debates in the city and incentivize the public to contribute to the policy-making process with informed participation. Such efforts, while successful at their start, have gradually stagnated, and the end objective of the portal has not been reached. In this paper we identify possible reasons for this stagnation – inconsistent formatting of the datasets, variables that are not meant for human legibility, and limited data with disproportional representation from the city departments. We then propose a data pipeline that serves as a tool to extract utility from the data. It does so by converting the datasets into a consistent format, merges the datasets, and allows for creation of simple visualizations. The pipeline acts as a link between the raw data published by the government units and the city by increasing its interpretability and legibility and outputting results that are easily relatable to the policy issues at hand. We demonstrate this by analyzing datasets for crime and real estate and relating our findings to the affordable housing debate.
Hormonal contraceptive choices in a clinic-based series of transgender adolescents and young adults.

Aims: To describe the use of hormonal contraceptives for menstrual management and/or pregnancy prevention in a clinic-based series of transgender adolescents and young adults who were assigned fema...
Insulinoma as a Potential Insidious Presenter in Medical Refractory Epilepsy.

Background Insulinoma as a cause of epileptic seizure has been thoroughly described but often not considered in differentials for previously established diagnoses of seizure disorder. Hypoglycemic symptoms can mimic neurological disorders such as epilepsy. Case presentation A 52-year-old woman presented with a history of epilepsy on anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) developed repeated episodes consisting of seizures and neuropsychiatric symptoms with no predisposing factors for epilepsy at age 52. She had received full AED treatment before the possibility of hypoglycemia was considered. Following a clinical diagnosis of insulinoma, distal pancreatectomy was performed, and her seizures did not occur again. Conclusion The early diagnosis of insulinoma requires vigilance, not only for hypoglycemia in patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms, but also for the possible masking effects of a history of epilepsy and preceding AED usage.
Service Profiles in Substance Abuse Treatment

Substance abuse treatment (SAT) facilities offer a number of services for the treatment and ongoing management of substance use disorders, and have emerged as the specialty treatment setting for th...
Virtue Ethics and a Technomoral Framework for Online Activism

This article examines online activism from an ethical perspective and proposes a virtue theory framework through which to advocate specific normative standards. Over the years, digital media have become useful tools for social movements in democratic societies, providing them with spaces to congregate, exchange ideas, and mobilize. Yet, this same activism-enhancing digital infrastructure paradoxically thrives on ethically inadequate principles that could undermine activists’ efforts. Drawing on scholarship on technomoral virtues and media participation, this article aims to develop a set of moral guidelines that help reorient online activism toward the pursuit of a mode of social change that concerns itself with the cultivation of the self through interactions with peers and is simultaneously aware of the ethical challenges entrenched in the digital realm.
Predicting the Discontinuity of Non-Profit Organizations Using the Machine Learning Approach

Non-Profit Organization worked as an important social sector, it contributed a lot to the economy, social welfare, and humanity services. In the United States, NPO usually defined as the organization granted tax-exempt status. The negative impacts of the discontinuity of NPOs reflected in the organizational, industrial, and economical levels. In this paper, we aimed to identify the financial indicators that predict the discontinuity of NPOs.
Introducing a Technical Interview Preparation Activity in a Data Structures and Algorithms Course

Technical interviews have predominantly been used by companies to recruit students for software-related and other computing jobs. Since the content of the interviews has an overlap with Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA), we introduced a mock interview activity to promote students' awareness of the technical interview process and build students' confidence in problem-solving in a DSA course. In this short paper, we (1) describe the logistics for embedding such an intervention, and (2) explain the affordances and opportunities for improvement of the activity through student perspectives. Students were explained the technical interview process and asked to interview each other twice during the semester on coding problems. Students received the intervention positively describing that the activity helped them to understand the technical interview process, prepared them for future interviews, built their confidence to secure a job, and supported them in knowing their strengths and weaknesses. Opportunities for improving the activity include providing interview questions explicitly, offering an alternate activity for students who are not interested in computing careers, and reducing the length requirement for interviews. Given students' positive reception of the intervention, we recommend that instructors adopt these mock interview exercises in computing courses to improve students' access to professional development opportunities.
The Subtlety of Subtitles: A Closer Look at Institutions, the Study of Religion, and Canada:

In this brief review, I organize my comments around the subtitle of Hughes’s book and take up the themes of Institution, Study of Religion, and Canada. In doing so, I highlight the ways that Hughes...
Transfer-Reinforcement-Learning-Based rescheduling of differential power grids considering security constraints

Abstract The power system rescheduling based on model-free methods has obvious defects in practical application, such as poor scenario transferability, long data training time, and waste of domain knowledge. To overcome the above defects, a transfer-reinforcement-learning-based rescheduling method of differential power grids considering security constraints is proposed. When constructing the Markov decision-making process of security-constrained rescheduling, both the off-limits of line power and node voltage are considered in the reward. The action space of deep reinforcement learning is narrowed by calculating the sensitivities of devices and mapped to control the active and reactive power regulating devices to reschedule active and reactive power simultaneously. According to the change degree of transfer object, the applications of transfer learning are divided into two scenarios. For the security-constrained rescheduling transfer scenario of different structures of the same power grid, a domain-adaption transfer learning method is formed, realizing good data adaptability after structure changes with the original model. Moreover, a policy-based transfer learning method is constructed for the security-constrained rescheduling transfer scenario of different power grids, enhancing the training speed and training effect of target power grid. Two standard systems and two actual power grids are utilized to verify the effectiveness of the method. For the actual power grids, the effects of the two scenarios are improved by 5.8% and 3.9% with transfer learning. Compared with other methods, this method not only has obvious advantages in transferability, but also has a shorter learning process and lower control cost.
Detection of Fetal Anomalies by Remotely Directed and Interpreted Ultrasound (Teleultrasound): A Randomized Noninferiority Trial.

Objective To determine the accuracy and reliability of remotely directed and interpreted ultrasound (teleultrasound) as compared with standard in-person ultrasound for the detection of fetal anomalies, and to determine participants' satisfaction with teleultrasound. Study Design This was a single-center, randomized (1:1) noninferiority study. Individuals referred to the maternal–fetal medicine (MFM) ultrasound clinic were randomized to standard in-person ultrasound and counseling or teleultrasound and telemedicine counseling. The primary outcome was major fetal anomaly detection rate (sensitivity). All ultrasounds were performed by registered diagnostic medical sonographers and interpretations were done by a group of five MFM physicians. After teleultrasound was completed, the teleultrasound patients filled out a satisfaction survey using a Likert scale. Newborn data were obtained from the newborn record and statewide birth defect databases. Results Of 300 individuals randomized in each group, 294 were analyzed in the remotely interpreted teleultrasound group and 291 were analyzed in the in-person ultrasound group. The sensitivity of sonographic detection of 28 anomalies was 82.14% in the control group and of 20 anomalies in the telemedicine group, it was 85.0%. The observed difference in sensitivity was 0.0286, much smaller than the proposed noninferiority limit of 0.05. Specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and accuracy were more than 94% for both groups. Patient satisfaction was more than 95% on all measures, and there were no significant differences in patient satisfaction based on maternal characteristics. Conclusion Teleultrasound is not inferior to standard in-person ultrasound for the detection of fetal anomalies. Teleultrasound was uniformly well received by patients, regardless of demographics. These key findings support the continued expansion of telemedicine services. Key Points
In situ neutron diffraction evidence for fully reversible dislocation motion in highly textured polycrystalline Ti2AlC samples

Abstract Herein careful analysis of in situ neutron diffraction patterns obtained, while cyclically loading highly textured polycrystalline Ti2AlC, a MAX phase, samples, provides compelling experimental evidence – in the form of fully reversible peak lattice elastic strain loops and peak widening and narrowing upon load cycling – for the existence of fully reversible dislocation motion. A comparison of the measured and calculated dislocation densities clearly shows that dislocation pileups alone cannot account for the experimental observations. Another micromechanism needs to be invoked. Based on the propensity of the MAX phases to deform by kinking, the micromechanism proposed is either the nucleation and annihilation of incipient kink bands, IKB, and/or the bowing of dislocations in preexisting low angle kink boundaries, LAKB. This micromechanism plays a vital role during the initial deformation of layered and other plastically anisotropic solids such as hexagonal close-packed metals. Consequently, the ramifications of this work on geology, metallurgy and other fields will prove quite important.
Identification and purification of a protein that stimulates the helicase activity of the Escherichia coli Rep protein.

Abstract A polypeptide (Mr = 15,000) has been purified from Escherichia coli cell extracts that significantly stimulates the duplex DNA unwinding reaction catalyzed by E. coli Rep protein. The Rep helicase unwinding reaction was stimulated by as much as 20-fold, upon addition of the stimulatory protein, using either a 71-base pair or a 343-base pair partial duplex DNA molecule as a substrate. The purified Rep helicase stimulatory protein (RHSP) had no intrinsic helicase activity or ATP hydrolysis activity and did not stimulate the single-stranded DNA-dependent ATP hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by Rep protein. It is likely that RHSP stimulates the Rep helicase unwinding reaction by stoichiometric binding to single-stranded DNA. However, a specific interaction between Rep protein and RHSP cannot be ruled out, since RHSP did not stimulate the duplex DNA unwinding reactions catalyzed by E. coli helicase I or the recently discovered 75-kDa helicase. RHSP did stimulate the duplex DNA unwinding reaction catalyzed by E. coli helicase II. The identification and subsequent purification of RHSP from cell extracts demonstrates the feasibility of using direct helicase assays to purify stimulatory proteins.
Abstract 57: Substrates of protein kinase C drive cell rac1-dependent motility

Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA This laboratory has identified and/or characterized substrates of PKC that upon phosphorylation give rise to motility, an aspect of metastasis. By use of the traceable kinase method, we discovered that alpha-tubulin and Cdc42 effector protein-4 (CEP4) are PKC substrates. Phosphorylation of alpha-tubulin stimulates its incorporation into microtubules (MTs), consequently increasing the stability and prolonged growth of MTs and leading to the activation of the small GTPase Rac1. CEP4 undergoes phosphorylation by PKC that results in its release from Cdc42, whereupon CEP4 binds a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that in turn activates Rac1 GTPase. These results imply that Rac1 acts as a node in pathways driven by phosphorylated PKC substrates. Since translocation of IQGAP to the membrane is known to be promoted by Rac1, a role is explored in non-transformed human MCF-10A cells that express a specific phospho-mimetic mutant substrate. In addition, the phospho-mimetic mutant for each substrate expressed in human metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells produces different morphologies in 3-D growth assays. This research is being supported by NIH CA125632. Citation Format: Susan A. Rotenberg, Xin Zhao, Shatarupa De. Substrates of protein kinase C drive cell rac1-dependent motility. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 57. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-57
Making Space, not Demands: Literacies of Autonomy and Dissensus

Article for LiCS special issue The New Activism: Composition, Literacy Studies, and Politics.
Natural and Constructed Wetlands

Wetlands are characterized by periodic to continuous inundation or saturation with water (wetland hydrology), soils that are periodically deficient in oxygen (hydric soils), and vegetation that is adapted to periods of anaerobic or anoxic soil conditions (hydrophytic vegetation). Wetlands include herbaceous marshes and fens, forested swamps, and Sphagnum-dominated peat bogs. Wetland plants possess morphological adaptations (aerenchyma, buttressed trunks, pneumatophores, hypertrophied lenticels) to facilitate transport of oxygen to the roots and metabolic pathways to respire anaerobically without toxic effects. Duration, depth, and frequency of inundation, water source (precipitation, surface flow, groundwater), and water quality (fresh, saline, oligotrophic, eutrophic) determine the distribution, productivity, and nutrient cycling characteristics of wetland vegetation. Floodplain swamp forests and estuarine marshes and mangroves receive large quantities of water and nutrients during overbank flooding and tidal inundation that enhances plant productivity and sediment, nutrient, and pollutant retention as compared to wetlands that receive most of their water from precipitation. The ability of natural wetlands to filter pollutants has led to construction of artificial wetlands to treat wastewater, stormwater, acid mine drainage, nonpoint runoff and other sources of pollutants. Wetlands also are constructed to replace important ecological functions (water storage, biological productivity, biodiversity) that are lost when natural wetlands are damaged or destroyed by human activities. Keywords: hydrology; vegetation; hydrophytes; anoxia; anaerobic soils; connectivity; plant productivity; nutrients; treatment wetlands; mitigation
Men's narratives of vasectomy: rearticulating masculinity and contraceptive responsibility in San José, Costa Rica.

This article interrogates the modes by which cultural constructions of male contraceptive use emerge in Costa Rica by analyzing mens narratives of vasectomy. Drawing on ethnographic research data I examine mens contraceptive decision making and perspectives on vasectomy and specify the ways they work through their vasectomy to rearticulate the relationship between masculinity and contraceptive responsibility and tensions in an emerging Costa Rican social modernity. Following Oudshoorns (2003) analysis on male contraceptive research this article highlights contraceptive technologies and mens narratives of these technologies as key sites for examining gender politics in contemporary societies and the materialization of new social orders. In the discussion I argue that the mens narratives examined here potentiate creation of an "alternative technosociality" (Oudshoorn 2003) in Costa Rica in which men taking contraceptive responsibility does not constitute performing a subordinate masculinity but simply another way of acting as men. (c) 2013 by the American Anthropological Association.
An experimental investigation of supersonic swirling jets

The addition of swirl to scramjet fuel jets has been proposed as a method of enhancing fuel mixing, but little of a fundamental nature is known about supersonic swirling flows. This is a study of mixing in supersonic swirling air jets created by tangential injection and acceleration through a convergent-divergent nozzle into stagnant air. Several cases with different vortex circulations were investigated using pitot, cone and total-temperature probes, and Rayleigh scattering from a laser light sheet. The results show that tangential injection is an efficient method for generating swirling jets; that the swirling jets mix much more rapidly with the ambient air than comparable straight jets; and that when overexpanded, considerable turbulence and increased mixing is created as a result of vortex breakdown.
Novel optical access network virtualization and dynamic resource allocation algorithms for the Internet of Things

Novel optical access network virtualization and resource allocation algorithms for Internet-of-Things support are proposed and implemented on a real-time SDN-controller platform. 30–50% gains in served request number, traffic prioritization, and revenue are demonstrated.
Transcutaneous bilirubin measurement: Comparison of Respironics BiliCheck and JM-103 in a normal newborn population

Abstract Objectives To compare the accuracy of BiliCheck™ (Respironics, Marietta, GA) and Konica-Minolta Air Shield JM-103 (Drager Medical Inc, Telford, PA) to evaluate total serum bilirubin (TSB). Methods Prospective blinded study comparing two diagnostic devices in 630 neonates requiring TSB measurement. Results Linear regression analysis showed a good correlation between BiliCheck™ and TSB ( r = 0.8212) as well as between JM-103 and TSB ( r = 0.8686). BiliCheck shows a tendency to underestimate TSB. The mean difference in TSB–TcB was − 1.4 mg/dL for BC (− 4.7/+ 1.8 mg/dL) and 0.3 mg/dL for JM-103 (− 2.6/+ 3.2 mg/dL). ROC analysis for TSB ≥ 12 mg/dL showed area under the curve for BiliCheck™ significantly lower than those for JM-103 ( p Conclusions In spite of similar diagnostic accuracy JM-103 could be preferred for some practical advantages, but its suitability in performing universal screening for severe hyperbilirubinemia deserves further investigations.
Solubility of Bean Leaf Protein in Ethanol

IT has been generally held that leaf proteins are insoluble in 80 per cent ethanol or similar solvents1. This belief has furnished a useful means of distinguishing two forms of nitrogen, ‘soluble’ (that is, amino-acids and peptides) and ‘insoluble’ (that is, proteins and nucleic acids). We became aware of a possible discrepancy in this logic when an alcohol-soluble ‘peptide’ fraction of bean leaf displayed an amino-acid composition indistinguishable from the bulk protein. Further tests, which included the biuret2 and Folin3 assays, trichloroacetic acid precipitability, and stainability with light green, indicated the protein-like nature of this ‘peptide’. The recovery of such presumed protein from fresh bean leaves was about 1 per cent of the total protein. When examining peptide metabolism, this error would be more or less serious depending on the amount of peptide present. The amount usually present in bean leaves was quite low judging by paper chromatographic methods4, hence the presence of ethanol-soluble protein was an unfortunate complication.
Pitx3 controls multiple aspects of lens development.

The transcription factor Pitx3 is critical for lens formation. Deletions in the promoter of this gene cause abnormal lens development in the aphakia (ak) mouse mutant, which has only rudimentary lenses. In this study, we investigated the role of Pitx3 in lens development and differentiation. We found that reduced expression of Pitx3 leads to changes in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of lens cells. The genetic interactions between Pitx3 and Foxe3 were investigated, as these two transcription factors are expressed at the same time in lens development and their absence has similar consequences for lens development. We found no evidence that these two genes genetically interact. In general, our study shows that the abnormal phenotype of the ak lenses is not due to just one molecular pathway, rather in the absence of Pitx3 expression multiple aspects of lens development are disrupted. Developmental Dynamics 238:2193–2201, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Management dynamics of NASA's human spaceflight programs

Abstract The public management dynamics of human spaceflight at NASA in the post-Apollo era—Space Shuttle, International Space Station, and the United States national vision for space exploration—are examined. A number of variables are applied to assess this. Public management processes are identified as a function of political accountability, organizational decision-making and cultures, and technical aspects directed at high reliability and safety of the large-scale, complex, and high-risk technologies that characterize NASA's human spaceflight programs. The findings indicate that these variables are causally linked to management outcomes through dynamics of centralized and decentralized organizational approaches. The success or failure of NASA's human spaceflight programs are linked to organizational management based on dynamics between centralized aspects of management, like controls over cost and schedule, and decentralized aspects, such as engineering authority over technical development.
An atomic magnetometer for brain activity imaging

Magneto-encephalography (MEG) is extensively used for studies of brain functioning. We present a new multi-channel atomic magnetometer for MEG. The 256-channel magnetometer uses high-density K atoms and operates in a very low magnetic field produced by a human-size magnetic shielding. A cubic glass cell of 7 cm on the side located about 2 cm away from a human head contains a drop of K, N2 and 4 He. Alkali-metal vapor is produced by warming the cell with hot air. Two 10 W lasers mounted outside the shields, optically pump and probe the vapor. A 16times16 photodiode array monitors the signals. Experimental results are reported
Venus Clouds: A Dirty Hydrochloric Acid Model

The spectral and polarization data for Venus are consistent with micrometer-sized aerosol cloud particles of hydrochloric acid with soluble and insoluble iron compounds, whose source could be volcanic or crustal dust. The yellow color of the clouds could be due to absorption bands in the near ultraviolet involving ferric iron and chlorine complexes. The ultraviolet features could arise from variations in the concentrations of iron and hydrochloric acid in the cloud particles.
TRANSMISSION AND SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF SPONGIFORM CHANGE IN CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE

Brains from three human cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and three monkey cases of transmitted Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease were examined. Spongiform change was present in all cases on both light and electron microscopic examination. Electron microscopic examination revealed membrane alterations within vacuoles in all cases. On SEM, both ulcerated and focally thickened membranes were apparent; TEM revealed splitting of unit membranes as well as focally thickened amorphous membranes. Small blisters with 70 to 150 nm particulates were seen on membranes in SEM. TEM revealed 10 nm electron-dense particles which might be either part of the infectious agent or a membrane alteration caused by it. The significance of these findings was discussed.
Design and implementation of expressive footwear

As an outgrowth of our interest in dense wireless sensing and expressive applications of wearable computing, the Responsive Environments Group at the MIT Media Laboratory has developed a very versatile human-computer interface for the foot. By dense wireless sensing, we mean the remote acquisition of many different parameters with a compact, autonomous sensor cluster. We have developed such a low-power sensor card to measure over 16 continuous quantities and transmit them wirelessly to a remote base station, updating all variables at 50 Hz. We have integrated a pair of these devices onto the shoes of dancers and athletes, measuring continuous pressure at three points near the toe, dynamic pressure at the heel, bidirectional bend of the sole, height of each foot off conducting strips in the stage, angular rate of each foot about the vertical, angular position of each foot about the Earth's local magnetic field, as well as foot tilt and acceleration, 3-axis shock acceleration (from kicks and jumps), and position (via an integrated sonar). This paper describes the sensor and electronics systems, then outlines several projects in which we have applied these shoes for interactive dance and the capture of high-level podiatric gesture. We conclude by outlining several applications of our sensor system that are unrelated to footwear.
Determination of cyclooxygenase products and prostaglandin metabolites using high-pressure liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay.

Abstract A method is described for measurement of the cyclooxygenase products, thromboxane,prostacyclin, and prostaglandins (PG), and several prostaglandin metabolites. The procedure involves separation of the compounds by high-pressure liquid chromatography combined with identification and estimation by serologic analysis. These combined procedures have been used to identify and estimate five such products, PGE2, PGE1 PGF2α, PGF1α, and 6-keto-PGF1α, in the culture fluids of dog kidney cells stimulated by a tumor-promoting phorbol diester. The prostaglandin metabolites, 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGE2, 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PF22α, 13,14-dihydro-PGE2, and 13,14-dihydro-PGF2α, were not found in these culture fluids.
Capacitated heuristic program for multiactivity, multi-facility system designs

Abstract Multi-activity, multi-facility design systems occur in a wide variety of industrial and service applications: e.g.: regional health care centers with configurations of activities at each center, and multi-echelon inventory distribution systems. The problem in designing such systems is to determine from a candidate set of possible locations what facility locations should be opened and what types of activities should be carried out at each of the open facilities. This article presents an efficient heuristic procedure for such a problem. The heuristic procedure described can be used to solve both the uncapacitated and the capacitated problems where capacity is expressed in terms of the number of activities which can be supported by the facilities. Extensive computational experience with the heuristic is presented. The performance of the heuristic is compared against optimal solutions and the results look very encouraging.
Heterochromatic proteins specifically enhance nickel-induced 8-oxo-dG formation

7,8-Dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) was measured as an indicator of nickel-induced oxidative base damage in the presence of H 2 O 2 . Heterochromatic proteins isolated from Chinese hamster liver cells enhanced the formation of 8-oxo-dG induced by NiCl 2 and H 2 O 2 in vitro, whereas euchromatic proteins inhibited this reaction. The inhibitory effect of euchromatic proteins on dG oxidation may be due to the oxygen radical scavenging effects of low molecular weight protein-rich fractions. Gel electrophoresis confirmed that histone H 1 was present at a higher concentration in heterochromatin than in euchromatin. It is believed that the presence of nickel-protein complexes in cells is crucial for the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We found that Ni 2+ binds to histone H 1 and core histones as determined by 63 Ni autoradiography of proteins on nitrocellulose membranes. In vitro studies showed that commercially purified histone H 1 , and to a considerably lesser extent core histones, enhanced the NiCl 2 and H 2 O 2 catalyzed formation of 8-oxo-dG in a reaction containing free dG base. Since histone H 1 is a lysine- and alanine-rich protein, the levels of 8-oxo-dG induced by NiCl 2 and H 2 O 2 were studied in the presence of these amino acids and found to be enhanced by them. These results suggest that nickel may specifically produce oxidative DNA damage in heterochromatin because of the nature of its binding to histone H 1 and core histones. This selective oxidation of genetically inactive heterochromatin may explain why nickel compounds which generate oxygen radicals and oxidize DNA bases are inactive in most gene mutation assays.
Effects of high-dose lisinopril-isosorbide dinitrate on severe mitral regurgitation and heart failure remodeling

Abstract Thus, in long-term, 1-year follow-up, uptitration of ACE inhibitor and nitrate therapy over established doses can further improve severe functional MR in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy due to a reversal of heart failure-related left ventricular remodeling. With marked left ventricular enlargement, >6.8 cm end-diastolic diameter, heart failure remodeling may be irreversible and resistant to further medical intervention.
Reflections on a positively deviant course on race and racism

Sociocultural theory and its intersection with Boud and Walker’s model of reflection is used as a framework to understand a surprisingly positive teaching and learning experience in a course on critical race theory. Classroom climate, learner expectations, and cognitive and emotional learner outcomes seem to have played key roles in the success of the course. All learners could point to direct and indirect experiences with racism which seems to support sociocultural theory’s emphasis on the consideration of learners’ personal, cultural context and its influence on the teaching–learning transaction. The authors write this reflection to push their own understanding of what they, and the participants, considered a unique environment.
New pyrrole alkaloids from Solanum sodomaeum

Two new pyrrole alkaloids, solsodomine A and B, were isolated from the fresh berries of Solanum sodomaeum L., collected from the Libyan desert. The structures of these compounds were established by 2D-NMR, including 15N NMR spectroscopy and chemical degradation. Solsodomine A (1) shows activity against Mycobacterium intracellulare. This is the first report of pyrrole alkaloids from the genus Solanum.
Cancer of the Ovary

Patients with ovarian cancer usually present with advanced disease, and the disease is generally managed with surgical resection followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. Recent chemotherapeutic advances have led to improved survival, and a better understanding of genetic risk factors has permitted a tailored approach to preventive strategies, such as bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in selected women. This review describes the clinical features of ovarian cancer and recent advances in postoperative management.
ANGULAR MOMENTUM, STATISTICAL EQUILIBRIUM AND SEQUENTIAL FISSION IN VERY ASYMMETRIC SYSTEMS

The in-and out-of-plane angular distributions for fission fragments in coincidence with projectile-like products from the reaction of 252 MeV20Ne with197Au and238U have been measured. The results are compared to a statistical model which has successfully explainedγ-ray anisotropies from a heavy symmetric system. The agreement is rather good after proper consideration of the direction of the line-of-centers at contact.
Cauchy conditions on symmetrics

We call a symmetric d on a space X a wC symmetnc if whenever A C X and there exists E > 0 such that d(x, y) > E for all x, Y E A, then A is relatively discrete. We show that there are no L-spaces which admit wC symmetnrcs. The wC notion is extended to certain weaker structures such as 9t-spaces with similar results.
Evaluation of the jogged-screw model of creep in equiaxed γ-TiAl: identification of the key substructural parameters

Abstract On the basis of microstructural observation of 1/2[1 1 0]-type jogged-screw dislocations, it has been previously proposed that the creep deformation mechanism in equiaxed γ-Ti–48Al alloys is controlled by the climb of the jogs on these dislocations. This is validated by predictions from a creep model based on these observations. However, several assumptions made in the model were not fully substantiated by experiment or theory. The aim of this study is to verify and validate the parameters and functional dependencies assumed in the model. In addition, the original solution has been reformulated to take into account the finite height of the moving jog. The substructural model parameters have been further investigated in light of this reformulation. The stress dependence of dislocation density, jog spacing and jog height has been evaluated via simulations, analytical modeling and experimental observations. Combining all of these parameters and dependencies in a reformulated model leads to an excellent prediction of creep rates and stress exponents.
The role of computerized symbolic manipulation in rotorcraft dynamics analysis

The potential role of symbolic manipulation programs in development and solution of the governing equations for rotorcraft dynamics problems is discussed and illustrated. Nonlinear equations of motion for a helicopter rotor blade represented by a rotating beam are developed making use of the computerized symbolic manipulation program MACSYMA. The use of computerized symbolic manipulation allows the analyst to concentrate on more meaningful tasks, such as establishment of physical assumptions, without being sidetracked by the tedious and trivial details of the algebraic manipulations. Furthermore, the resulting equations can be produced, if necessary, in a format suitable for numerical solution. A perturbation-type solution for the resulting dynamical equations is shown to be possible with a combination of symbolic manipulation and standard numerical techniques. This should ultimately lead to a greater physical understanding of the behavior of the solution than is possible with purely numerical techniques. The perturbation analysis of the flapping motion of a rigid rotor blade in forward flight is presented, for illustrative purposes, via computerized symbolic manipulation with a method that bypasses Floquet theory.
Data Compression Of X-Ray Images By Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM) Coding

The intolerance of medical images to error places special demands on data reduction techniques. Quantization in the spatial or transform domains, widely studied in other data compression applications, is irreversible and therefore not applicable to medical image coding. Rather, we must rely on effective prediction and prediction error coding. This paper compares seven differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) predictors on the basis of average prediction error and channel induced error propagation. A Laplacian model of prediction error distribution suggests a simple family of variable length codes and an algorithm for adaptively selecting that code which best suits the anticipated predictor performance.© (1981) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Discontinuity solutions to plate and beam problems

Summary The method of Macauley's brackets has been used with great success on onedimensional problems such as beams and beams on elastic foundations. The usefulness of this method is extended so that it may be used to solve two-dimensional plate problems. Solutions are presented for rectangular and circular plates with arbitrary loadings. The procedure used is carefully delineated so that applications to one- or two-dimensional problems will involve no fundamentally new concepts.