cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Characterization of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1: evidence for the involvement of arginine in allosteric regulation.

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (ADPGlc PPase, EC 2.7.7.27) from Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1 has been purified to near homogeneity. The enzyme reacted in Western blots to polyclonal antibodies raised against other bacterial ADPGlc PPases. The purified enzyme was found to be activated by fructose 6-phosphate, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, and pyruvate and inhibited by phosphate, phosphoenolpyruvate, ADP, and pyridoxal phosphate. Kinetic studies indicate that AMP, while having little effect on kinetic parameters at pH 8 in the absence of effectors, is a specific ligand for an allosteric site(s). Treatment of the purified enzyme with the arginyl reagents 2,3-butanedione and phenylglyoxal resulted in desensitization of the enzyme to both activation and inhibition by metabolites. Phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, and AMP were found to protect the enzyme against allosteric desensitization supportive of these metabolites interacting at common site(s) or with a common enzyme form. As a first step in cloning the gene coding for this enzyme, a polymerase chain reaction fragment was generated from genomic DNA using primers based on amino terminal sequencing data and a highly conserved region in known ADPGlc PPases. The sequence of this fragment and position of amino terminal arginines in comparison to other known ADPGlc PPases is discussed in relation to the kinetic and chemical modification data.
Whole Blood Gene Expression Analyses in Patients With Single Versus Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism

Introduction Venous thromboembolism may recur in up to 30% of patients with a spontaneous venous thromboembolism after a standard course of anticoagulation. Identification of patients at risk for recurrent venous thromboembolism would facilitate decisions concerning the duration of anticoagulant therapy.
First-principles studies of proton-Ba interactions in doped LaPO4

The interactions between an aliovalent cation dopant, Ba, and protons in LaPO4 are studied with first-principles density functional theory. This work is motivated by the desire to use doped LaPO4 as a proton conducting solid electrolyte or hydrogen separation membrane. In this context, the strength and range of proton-dopant interactions are important factors underlying proton mobilities. Using periodic supercells, we find that ∼3% Ba-doping stabilizes a proton at a distance 2.7 A from the dopant by up to 0.2 eV relative to positions far from the dopant. The Ba-dopant creates a narrow potential energy well and only changes the proton's potential energy surface by ±0.05 eV when the proton is farther than 2.7 A from the dopant. Electrostatic interactions between the proton and dopant account for the majority of the binding energy of proton sites and are associated with a complex redistribution of the charge induced by the dopant on the neighboring oxygen ions. In contrast, the strain field created by the Ba-dopant gives rise to a relatively small contribution to the interaction energy.
Present status of milky disease of Japanese and oriental beetles in Connecticut.

A survey of Japanese beetle, Papillia japonica Newman, and Oriental beetle, Anomala orientalis Waterhouse, grubs from 53 sites in the spring and 62 sites in the fall of 1974, showed that incidence of infection with Bacillus popilliae Dutky, causal agent of milky disease, was remarkably low in Connecticut. Laboratory tests conducted with B. popilliae from field collected Connecticut and New York grubs determined that spores were especially low in infectivity both by ingestion and by intrahemocoelic injection when compared to infection data from earlier published reports. A. orientalis and P. japonica seemed comparable in their sensitivity to B. papilliae by injection. Spores from diseased grubs collected at different locations in the state varied in their rates of infectivity.
Revenue maximization in reservation-based online advertising through dynamic inventory management

A widely used model in the online advertising industry is one where advertisers pre-purchase a reservation package of online inventory on content sites owned by publishers (e.g., CNN, amazon, etc.). Sales representatives, acting on behalf of publishers, sell inventory (impression) bundles of various types (text, video, multimedia, etc.) while trying to meet advertisers' expectations. The current process of sales is usually ad hoc and oftentimes a publisher uncontrollably runs out of a highly desirable inventory type, failing to meet the demand of his/her more valuable customers (advertisers). In this specific framework of display advertising, we propose a mathematical model for this problem and design a simple and easy to implement online impression allocation policy with provably revenue maximizing performance. Our results represent fundamental extensions to the existing theory of loss networks, given that this new application introduces novel mathematical assumptions and operational constraints.
The national burden of E-code-identified adverse drug events among hospitalized children using a national discharge database

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide a national-level assessment of pediatric adverse drug events (ADEs), including types, frequencies, and burdens. METHODS: Discharge data were obtained from the 2006 Kids' Inpatient Database. ADEs were identified by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification and supplemental E codes as adverse effects (AEs), accidental poisonings (APs), or those involving neuropathy, dermatitis, and contact dermatitis. For ADEs occurring in the hospital, visits were matched, by all patient refined diagnostic-related group, age, and gender, to one control visit without an ADE code. Burden was measured as excess length of stay and excess cost relative to the control. Using regression analysis, we obtained estimates on the effects of over 100 predictors on excess length of stay and excess cost of cases relative to the control. RESULTS: Out of 7 558 812 hospital discharges in 2006, there were 84 510 ADEs identified during 69 620 visits (0.9% of the total number of discharges); 55 285 (79.4%) visits involved an AE; and 13 630 (19.6%) involved an AP; 12 151 (17.5%) were characterized by an ADE (usually an AP) at admission. The national pediatric ADE burden was estimated at 104 230 days with direct costs of $252.9 million. The most common AEs occurred with antineoplastic and immunosuppressive drugs (20.4%) and adrenal corticosteroids (12.5%). The most common APs involved aromatic analgesics (13.7%), cardiovascular drugs (9.5%), antidepressants (8.6%), and benzodiazepine tranquilizers (8.0%). CONCLUSION: By identifying specific ADEs that occur most often and/or have the highest burden, physicians and hospital administrators can better target their strategies for reducing pediatric medication-related harm. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Language: en
Minimum Symbol Error Rate Carrier Phase Recovery of QPSK

This paper considers the problem of phase recovery of QPSK signals with phase-locked loops (PLL) using two new phase error detectors (PEDs) which are designed to minimize the probability of making a symbol decision error. The new PEDs resemble the PED derived from the maximum likelihood criterion. However, the new PEDs penalize matched filter outputs that are close to decision region boundaries. This penalty gives rise to faster converging PLLs relative to PLLs using the maximum likelihood PED, as shown in simulation results. The S-curves for the PEDs are used as a tool to gain insight into the behavior of the new PEDs.
Newborn Screening for Wilson Disease: Does Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Provide the Solution?

Detailed criteria for newborn screening programs have been formulated (1), but the basic principles include requirements that the screened disorder be medically serious, that effective therapy be available, and that the cost of detection plus treatment be justifiable (2). Wilson disease, a metal-storage disorder in which copper cannot be properly excreted in the bile and fails to be incorporated into ceruloplasmin (3), meets these criteria. Wilson disease is caused by biallelic mutations in ATP7B 1 (ATPase, Cu++ transporting, beta polypeptide), which encodes a copper-transporting ATPase located in the trans-Golgi network (4). Typically, Wilson disease manifests in adulthood with liver disease, neurologic impairment, or both (3). These complications impart chronic morbidity and mortality to affected individuals; in addition, intravascular hemolysis induced by overly aggressive chelation can cause acute renal failure and death. Therapy with a copper-restricted diet and chelation has proved efficacious; early treatment provides additional benefit, given that the hepatic and neurologic damage eventually becomes irreversible. Finally, with an approximate incidence of 1 in 30 000 live births, Wilson disease appears economically suitable for newborn screening, particularly in populations with high frequencies of the disorder (5). The key issue in newborn screening for Wilson disease has been the method of detection. Theoretically, screening …
Cumulative Risk: Toxicity and Interactions of Physical and Chemical Stressors

Recent efforts to update cumulative risk assessment procedures to incorporate nonchemical stressors ranging from physical to psychosocial reflect increased interest in consideration of the totality of variables affecting human health and the growing desire to develop community-based risk assessment methods. A key roadblock is the uncertainty as to how nonchemical stressors behave in relationship to chemical stressors. Physical stressors offer a reasonable starting place for measuring the effects of nonchemical stressors and their modulation of chemical effects (and vice versa), as they clearly differ from chemical stressors; and "doses" of many physical stressors are more easily quantifiable than those of psychosocial stressors. There is a commonly held belief that virtually nothing is known about the impact of nonchemical stressors on chemically mediated toxicity or the joint impact of coexposure to chemical and nonchemical stressors. Although this is generally true, there are several instances where a substantial body of evidence exists. A workshop titled "Cumulative Risk: Toxicity and Interactions of Physical and Chemical Stressors" held at the 2013 Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting provided a forum for discussion of research addressing the toxicity of physical stressors and what is known about their interactions with chemical stressors, both in terms of exposure and effects. Physical stressors including sunlight, heat, radiation, infectious disease, and noise were discussed in reference to identifying pathways of interaction with chemical stressors, data gaps, and suggestions for future incorporation into cumulative risk assessments.
There is No Sprawl Syndrome: A New Typology of Metropolitan Land Use Patterns

We investigate the spatial patterns of land use in a representative sample of 50 large U.S. metropolitan areas in 1990, computing 14 indices measuring both job and housing locations. These indices are reduced to seven independent empirical factors via principal component methods. Sampled areas may be categorized in one of four distinctive groups, based on a cluster analysis of their land use patterns: (1) deconcentrated, dense areas: intensively and continuously developed but without major clusters; (2) leapfrog areas: highly concentrated pockets amid generally low density, discontinuous development; (3) compact, core-dominant areas: development with high proximity to the central nucleus, but only moderate density and continuity; (4) dispersed areas: development extending far from the core without notable concentrations or nuclei. Since none of these types manifest uniformly sprawl-like features on all dimensions of land use, we think it inappropriate to consider sprawl as a syndrome measurable by a unidi...
Digital Watermarking Security

As creative works (e.g. books, films, music, photographs) become increasingly available in digital formats in a highly connected world, it also becomes increasingly difficult to secure intellectual property rights. Digital watermarking is one potential technology to aid intellectual property owners in controlling and tracking the use of their works. Surveys the state of digital watermarking research and examines the attacks that the technology faces and how it fares against them. Digital watermarking is an inherently difficult design problem subject to many constraints. The technology currently faces an uphill battle to be secure against relatively simple attacks.
Metal cluster topology 19. Beyond the auride ion: triangulated gold networks and ethane-like structural units in binary and ternary alkali metal gold intermetallics

Abstract The range of known structurally characterized alkali metal gold intermetallics now extends far beyond the simple ‘auride’ derivatives CsAu and RbAu containing the discrete auride ion, Au−, isoelectronic with Hgo. The structurally characterized binary alkali metal gold intermetallics M2Au3 (M = K, Rb), Rb3Au7 and MAu5 (M = K, Rb) contain infinite triangulated anionic gold subnetworks which can be constructed from linear sp-hybridized gold atoms linked to each other through multicenter bonding within Au4 tetrahedra (for RFb3Au7), Au4 butterflies (for M2Au3) or Au5 trigonal bipyramids (for MAu5). The infinite anionic gold subnetworks in other alkali metal gold intermetallics provide examples of two-coordinate gold in Na2Au; four-coordinate gold in AeAu2 (Ae = Ca, Sr), Na2LiAu3 and NaAuGe; and six-coordinate gold in MAu2 (M = Na, K) and NaAuIn2. More complicated gold structures are found in other sodium-gold-indium ternary intermetallics including in-centered Au12 and empty Au6 octahedra in Na2Au6In5 as well as squashed Au6In pentagonal bipyramids in Na8Au11In6. Many ternary gold intermetallics (E = Ge, In) also contain ethane-like E2Au6 units with unbridged EE bonds (e.g., K4Au2Ge2, NuAuGe, and NaAuIn2) or diborane-like E2Au6 units with EE bonds bridged by two gold atoms (e.g., Na2Au6In5).
Creating a computer science canon: a course of "classic" readings in computer science

Computer science has a reputation of being a discipline in a perpetual state of accelerated progress-a discipline in which our techniques, our hardware, our software systems, and our literature rarely exhibit a staying power of more than several years. While undeniably exciting, this state of continual intellectual upheaval can leave computer science students (and faculty) with a disturbing sense that there is no essential core of great work within the discipline. This paper describes a readings course entitled "Computer Science: the Canon" whose purpose is to counter this perception by exploring a set of "great works" in computer science. We describe our own (undoubtedly idiosyncratic) reading list used for the course, and discuss several central issues involved in offering such a course within a computer science curriculum.
Paleoclimatic significance of δD and δ13C values in pinon pine needles from packrat middens spanning the last 40,000 years

We compared two approaches to interpreting dD of cellulose nitrate in pinon pine needles ( Pinus edulis) preserved in packrat middens from central New Mexico, USA. One approach was based on linear regression between modern dD values and climate parameters, and the other on a deterministic isotope model, modified from Craig and Gordon's terminal lake evaporation model that assumes steady-state conditions and constant isotope effects. One such effect, the net biochemical fractionation factor, was determined for a new species, pinon pine. Regressions showed thatdD values in cellulose nitrate from annual cohorts of needles (1989-1996) were strongly correlated with growing season (May-August) precipitation amount, and d 13 C values in the same samples were correlated with June relative humidity. The deterministic model reconstructed dD values of meteoric water used by plants after constraining relative humidity effects with d 13 C values; growing season temperatures were estimated via modern correlations with dD values of meteoric water. Variations of this modeling approach have been applied to tree-ring cellulose before, but not to macrofossil cellulose, and comparisons to empirical relationships have not been provided. Results from fossil pinon needles spanning the last40,000 years showed no significant trend in dD values of cellulose nitrate, suggesting either no change in the amount of summer precipitation (based on the transfer function) or dD values of meteoric water or temperature (based on the deterministic model). However, there were significant differences in d 13 C values, and therefore relative humidity, between Pleistocene and Holocene. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
The process of learning from small-scale maps

Two experiments are reported that test the general hypothesis that learning from a small scale map proceeds in a global to local fashion, structured by the spatial subdivisions present in the map. In Experiment 1, a fairly simple map depicting a single fictitious country containing provinces and cities was used as the to-be-learned stimulus. Evidence for a provincial to capital to city learning process was found, with map recall best when subjects used an imagery learning strategy. In Experiment 2, a more complex map containing multiple countries, with provincial and city elements present was used. The global to local learning process was replicated, as well as the beneficial effects of an imagery study strategy. Results are discussed in terms of progressive image differentiation and total information set size. Language: en
Surveyed Enrollees in Veterans Affairs Health Care: How They Differ From Eligible Veterans Surveyed by BRFSS.

ABSTRACT Objectives: We described differences in demographic and socioeconomic characteristics between Veterans enrolled in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and Veterans eligible to enroll for Veterans Affairs health care. Knowledge of these differences is important in planning better services for Veterans who enroll and in encouraging additional enrollment. Methods: We compared characteristics of enrollees and eligible Veterans in 2012. To describe enrollees, we used aggregate data from administrative records and results from VHA's Survey of Veteran Enrollees' Health and Reliance Upon VA. To describe eligible Veterans, we analyzed individual-level data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Results: Elderly individuals are more heavily represented among enrollees than eligible Veterans, and elderly enrollees are less likely to describe their health as good to excellent. Enrollees are more than twice as likely as eligible Veterans to have annual household incomes below $16,000. Repre...
Information literacy cooperation by design Review of a guided collaboration between teaching and library faculty

1The overall goal of the Pre-College Information Literacy Research (PILR) project was to increase and improve IL instruction sessions in pre-college courses while evaluating student achievement of IL outcomes. The project included many valuable tools to guide instructional collaboration, including a project-specific rubric for IL, guided assignment sheets, assessments of instruction and assignments, and guidelines for shared assessing of student achievement. 2 By using these tools, librarians and instructional faculty members could arrive at a shared understanding of student achievement. Reviewing how faculty members and librarians responded to this aspect of the PILR project provides insight into building success into IL collaboration.
Growing Pains at the Transportation Security Administration

Since September 11, 2001, the United States has significantly revamped the ways and means used to provide and insure national security against terrorist attacks. Key legislation included the PATRIOT Act (signed October 2001) and its revision, the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005 (passed March 2006), which created new rules on domestic surveillance and detention; the Homeland Security Act (signed November 2002), which established the Department of Homeland Security (DHS); and the Aviation and Transportation Security Act (passed November 2001), which created the Transportation Security Administration (TSA).In order to contextualize the growth and development of the controversial security-related TSA policies and practices over the past six years, this chapter follows a relatively simple chronology, tracing the events that passengers might experience from getting to an airport to deplaning. It then briefly reviews the different kinds of theories of bureaucratic decision making that are applied to policy making, and concludes that to all intents and purposes, the TSA has been operating on an incremental decision-making basis.
Mind, Brain, and Education: A Transdisciplinary Field

The emerging field of mind, brain, and education (MBE) is grappling with core issues associated with its identity, scope, and method. This article examines some of the most pressing issues that structure the development of MBE as a transdisciplinary effort. Rather than representing the ongoing debates in MBE as superficial squabbles to eventually be “overcome,” this article argues that the politics of MBE language, discourse, and validity suggest profound epistemological differences that transcend a traditional interdisciplinary approach. Instead, MBE would benefit from a transdisciplinary approach that contextually accords equal and differential weight to a range of knowledge inputs from education studies, neuroscience, and other academic and practitioner spheres beneath the broad umbrella of MBE. Specifically, this article suggests that some of the key tasks for those involved in MBE studies require a transdisciplinary approach to knowledge translation and knowledge development.
Cortisone and action of exogenous thyrotrophin in hypophysectomized rats.

Summary1. Groups of hypophysectomized rats were given 5 mg of cortisone — .3 mg TSH daily for 10 days. Measurements of thyroid cell height were made. 2. The average thyroid cell height was 4.1 μ in the hypophysectomized controls. 4.3 μ in the cortisone treated rats, 8.0 μ in the rats treated with TSH, and 9.0 μ in the animals which received both TSH and cortisone. 3. It is concluded that cortisone, under the conditions of the experiment, did not block and probably even slightly enhanced the effect of TSH on the thyroid.
Temperature Relationships and Nesting of the Calliope Hummingbird

This is a consequence of the inverse relationship of surface/volume ratio to body mass (Mo.67/M1.? = M-0.33) and of thermal conductance to body mass (M-0.5; Herreid and Kessel 1967; Lasiewski et al. 1967). When the climate becomes inhospitable, the smallest mammals, shrews, can retreat to moderate subsurface microclimates beneath logs, rocks, and in underground burrows. Comparably small birds are not fossorial and hence are exposed to more variable and extreme conditions. This is
Public Works Policy Implications of Sustainable Reverse Logistics Operations

The tremendous growth in returns has enthused private sector interest in reverse logistics (RL) as firms attempt to meet various challenges, but the implications of this trend have garnered limited...
Study on determination of free residual chlorine in drinking water

Objective To solve the problem of no field testing method for chlorine in GB/T 5750—2006,study on field method of free residual chlorine in drinking water. Methods Use portable colorimeter with internal standard curve reading concentration drectly. Results The linear range of 0. 02- 10. 0 mg /L,R 0. 999,low range 0. 02- 2 mg /L,r = 0. 9999; high range 0. 1- 10 mg /L,r = 0. 999 9. The relative standard deviation( RSD) were 11. 1%,6. 70%,2. 87% for 0. 05 mg /L,1mg / L,5 mg /L respectively. Compared with GB 3,3',5,5'-four methyl benzidine colorimetric by t test,t = 0. 1019 t( 0.05,5)=2. 015,P 0. 05,there was no significant difference between the two methods. Conclusion The method is accurate,simple,fast and suitable for field detection of free residual chlorine in drinking water.
Persistent müllerian duct syndrome in a man with transverse testicular ectopia.

AbstractA 33-year-old Pakistani man with transverse testicular ectopia underwent surgery for repair of a left inguinal hernia. At operation a uterine structure with attached vasa deferentia was found in the left inguinal area and it was removed. Transverse testicular ectopia has been reported previously in association with the persistent mullerian duct syndrome. A deficiency of activity of a mullerian inhibiting substance during gestation is believed to be responsible for this syndrome. Most patients usually are sterile. Cloning of the gene for a mullerian inhibiting substance should permit studies of the pathogenesis of the persistent mullerian duct syndrome.
The effects of mild hyperoxia and/or hypertension on oxygen availability and oxidative metabolism in acute focal ischaemia

The effects of oxygen inhalation (FiO2 = 0.4-0.5) and/or induced hypertension (delta MBP = around 20%) on the cortical oxygen tension (CoPO2) and the cortical oxidative metabolism (NADH/NAD redox state) in acute focal ischaemia were studied in 44 rabbits. CoPO2 was recorded by a polarographical method and NADH/NAD redox state was measured with a compensated fluorometer/reflectometer. The acute focal ischaemia was induced by the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. With oxygen inhalation, CoPO2 improved 24.8 +/- 23.2% (mean +/- SD) in ischaemic areas where CoPO2 decreased to less than 40% of control. The oxygen inhalation also partially improved NADH levels in ischaemia by 1.5 +/- 1.6% in 8 rabbits, where NADH elevated 17.6 +/- 12.1% from the normal stage. CoPO2 and NADH redox level in ischaemia were also improved by induced hypertension. delta CoPO2/delta MBP were 1.29 +/- 1.53%/mmHg in the severely ischaemic area (less than 20% of control), 1.52 +/- 0.93 in the moderately ischaemic area (20-40% of control), and 1.03 +/- 0.62 in the mildly ischaemic area (greater than 40% of control), respectively. delta NADH/delta MBP were statistically greater in the ischaemic area than in the normal cortex (p less than 0.005). It is concluded that mild hyperoxia and induced hypertension both of which are easily employed not only can improve cortical oxygen tension but also partially restore the oxidative metabolism in acute focal ischaemia.
Beyond compassion: the central role of accountability in applying a human rights framework to health

Accountability is a central feature of any rights-based approach to health because it converts passive beneficiaries into claims-holders and identifies states and other actors as duty-bearers that can be held responsible for their discharge of legal, and not merely moral, obligations. This article reviews what we mean by accountability, how courts and other mechanisms are being engaged to promote accountability, and what we should understand as the central obligations of states and other actors if we are concerned with obligations of progressive realization relating to health and development goals. The first part of the article sets out a number of mutually-reinforcing dimensions of accountability, examines different duty-bearers, and discusses mechanisms for enforcement, with a focus on courts. The second part of the article explores how we might define the obligations of progressive realization for which we seek accountability. I argue that there are three aspects of accountability with which a human rights approach to health as a social policy and development issue should be concerned: (1) what the state is doing; (2) how much effort the state is expending; and (3) how the state is going about the process. Although the focus is on national obligations, I argue that donor states and other actors have parallel obligations.
Ti:Sapphtre Laser Performance Above 15 W CW with Line Narrowing

We have initiated an investigation of the factors that influence scaling of cw Ti:sapphire laser operation to higher powers than have been reported to date.1,2 High pump levels were achieved by modifying a Spectra-Physics model 3900 Tusapphire laser as illustrated in Figure 1 to permit simultaneous pumping of the faser rod by two argon-ion lasers. These were capable of delivering a total of 54 W to the Ti:sapphire laser, in normal operation, a single pump beam transmits through one of the interior, dichroic mirrors of the z-fold resonator. The second pump beam was introduced through the opposite interior, dichroic mirror and propagated counter to the other pump beam through the Brewster-cut rod. One resonator arm contained the birefringent filter tuner provided by the manufacturer, and we inserted a 5-mm-thick uncoated etalon in the other arm for additional line narrowing. The rod was cooled by conduction through its copper holder to circulating coolant fluid.
Sparse models for imaging genetics

Imaging genetics is an emerging and promising technique that investigates how genetic variations affect brain development, structure, and function. Many imaging genetic studies involve disorder-related neuroimaging phenotypes and molecular genetics data, such as single nucleotide polymorphism data. However, this class of studies is challenging due to the relatively small number of subjects but extremely high-dimensionality of both imaging and genetic data. In this chapter, we introduce a suite of sparse methods—that can produce interpretable models and are robust to overfitting—for imaging genetics. Moreover, we can incorporate various biological prior knowledge—such as linkage disequilibrium information—into the analysis. However, due to the nonsmooth and highly complex regularizers, the applications of sparse models to large-scale problems remain challenging. Thus we introduce a suite of novel optimization techniques, that is, sparse screening, which can boost the efficiency of many sparse models on large-scale data sets by several orders of magnitude.
Treatment of Neurocysticercosis with Subarachnoid Cysts

The medical treatment of 33 patients, 8 to 81 years (mean, 48y), with neurocysticercosis (NC) complicated by giant subarachnoid cysts (50mm or larger) and intracranial hypertension was evaluated at the Hospital de Especialidades, Mexico City.
Effective physical-based propagation delay calculation method for high-speed transceivers in high-density FPGA packages

This paper describes an analytical methodology to calculate every high-speed transceiver pins propagation time in high-density FPGA packages efficiently. This technique split the transceiver channels in the sophisticated multi-layer package design structure into horizontal and vertical transmission paths with 3-D full-wave electromagnetic modeling to provide accurate parametric solutions. Full package timing delay information is constantly demanded by end customers for board skew compensation and system timing analysis. Hence, the primary objective is to propose a simple approach to reduce the turn-around time by 3 to 5x while achieving high accuracy of the package transceivers propagation delay. The proposed methodology is able to achieve high accuracy with less than 1 picoseconds (ps) difference comparing to a complete bump-to-ball 3-D full-wave simulation model extraction. The accuracy of the proposed technique is well proven in this paper with real bare substrate measurement using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) technique. The measurement results show less than 5ps difference only. Hence, the methodology discussed in this paper is highly efficient in terms engineering cost, time and quality as it is applicable to various die-package combinations in a highly competitive FPGA market to meet different customer requirements.
Composition in the Age of Austerity, Nancy Welch and Tony Scott, eds.

Do more with less. Such is the austere mantra to which Nancy Welch and Tony Scott’s edited collection Composition in the Age of Austerity responds. Extending broad critiques of neoliberal higher ed...
Multihospital health systems: Seize the opportunity.

Healthcare today is a challenging business. The costs of maintaining market competitiveness are extreme due to the complexity of modern treatments and the expense of implementing technological advances.[1][1],[2][2] Healthcare organizations are responding to these challenges in many ways, including
3D integrated silicon photonic unit cell with vertical U-turn for scalable optical phase array

We demonstrate a 3D integrated silicon photonic unit cell with ultra-compact vertical U-turn interlayer coupling structures. A 120-channel folded single tile optical phase array with 2μm pitch is fabricated as a proof-of-concept.
Creating gender: A thematic analysis of genderqueer narratives

Background and Aims: Increasingly, research is emerging on the subjective experience of genderqueer people. This study explored how genderqueer identities are understood and managed in both personal and social domains. Method: Interview data from 25 genderqueer-identified American adolescents and emerging adults, aged 15 to 26 (M = 21.28, SD = 3.20), were pulled from a larger study of 90 transgender and genderqueer participants. The 90-minute semi-structured interviews included questions about gender identity, the developmental pathway of participants, and relationships with others regarding gender. Results: Participants described "genderqueer" as a sufficiently broad category to capture their diverse experiences, and descriptions of genderqueer identities were heterogeneous, directly contradicting binary understandings of gender identity. A thematic analysis of interview transcripts resulted in three themes: intrapsychic experience, descriptions of master narratives about gender identity, and the co-construction of identities. Discussion: Participants described navigating a series of master and alternative narratives, such that all transgender people transgress a cisnormative master narrative, but genderqueer people further transgress normative understandings of a medicalized, binary transgender identity. The experience of co-creating identities was the process by which participants actively navigated constraints of the master narrative experience. Participants described the integral role of language in crafting new narratives to legitimize genderqueer experiences, as well as the subsequent intragroup conflict resulting from conflicting relationships to narratives in the transgender community. This study highlights genderqueer identities as a source of strength and positivity, and the importance of expanding beyond the hegemonic gender binary within research and clinical practice.
Arfs and Arls: models for Arf family members in membrane traffic at the Golgi

The ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) family GTPases are highly conserved ~20 kDa GTP-binding proteins that play a number of roles in the regulation of cellular physiology, most relevant here is that they act to recruit soluble proteins to a membrane surface and coordinate the assembly of multi-protein complexes that are required for the biogenesis of nascent carriers of mem- brane traffic. The Arfs can also recruit and directly activate lipid-modifying enzymes, providing important functional links between localized changes in lipid composition and protein assemblies. The Arf family GTPases and their interactions have been the subject of a recent book (Kahn 2004) and reviews (Gillingham and Munro 2007; Inoue and Randazzo 2007). Molecular aspects of Arf family members acting at the Golgi and models for their actions are summarized in this chapter.
Habituation and diet comparison between two types of percid fish

Advanced fingerling walleye (Sander vitreus) or yellow perch (Perca flavescens) are produced by habituating pond-reared fingerlings to commercial feed. Success of the habituation process depends on many variables, e.g., light source, light duration, temperature, feed, stocking density, and size at harvest. Among these, diet contrast/visibility is an important variable for habituation success. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of turbid water (≥ 100 NTU) and clear water culture conditions during the habituation process for these two species. In 2005 and 2006, twelve 150-L black-cuboidal tanks with in-tank lighting were stocked at a rate of 2 g/L (initial weight; walleye 1.47 g, yellow perch 0.65 g and 0.36g in the second year) with half of the tanks receiving turbidity (clay slurry) and cultured for 28-d. All fish were fed EPAC CW diet every 5 min during a 16-hour daylight interval at 10% body weight/d. In 2005, walleye in the clear treatment had higher survival 83 ± 1.99%, (P=0.014) than the turbid treatment 57 ± 5.97%. The yellow perch in 2005 exhibited opposite survival results; turbid treatment (79 ± 2.1%), clear treatment (54 ± 9.2%, P>0.05). In 2006, there were no significant differences (63-69%) in yellow perch survival between clear and turbid water culture. Differences in yellow perch survival between years may have been due to age and size at stocking at initiation of the habituation phase. These results demonstrate that the addition of clay may enhance the contrast of the feed and thus improving the habituation process for yellow perch.
Diving in Antarctica

Research diving in Antarctica during the winter darkness is represented by a continually changing suite of environmental constraints. The different circumstances for each dive influence the dive equipment and procedures, and ultimately the experimental designs. Preparing for these contingencies will determine the success of the diving program.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN WELFARE ECONOMICS: JUSTICE ET ÉQUITÉ

It was widely thought, at the time, that Arrow's 1951 Impossibility Theorem sounded the death-knell for welfare economics in its Edgeworth-Pigou and Pareto–Bergson versions. Yet the social-welfare theory of social choice behavior is today the subject of more research than ever. It is as though a couple once written off as incompatible had turned up again, older and wiser yet still going at it with the same hopefulness as before. Herewith a guide, selective and informal in view of the space and time available, to this renascent field.
Is Civility Contagious? Examining the Impact of Modeling in Online Political Discussions

This study examines a way to promote civility in online political discussions through modeling discursive cues. An online experiment (N = 321) was conducted to investigate the impact of civil and u...
Teaching an Old Class New Tricks: A Novel Semi-Synthetic Aminoglycoside, Plazomicin

The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens has become a serious worldwide health concern. Gram-negative bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp.,) Acinetobacter spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have rendered most antibiotics inactive, leaving aminoglycosides and polymyxins. Plazomicin (formerly ACHN-490), is a neoglycoside with unique structural modifications to the aminoglycoside pharmacophore that impart activity against many MDR Gram-negative organisms. ACHN-490 was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections caused by MDR Enterobacteriaceae. In this era of increasing Gram-negative resistance, it is imperative to critically evaluate new antibiotics so that we understand how to use them optimally. The objective of this article is to discuss available data detailing plazomicin’s biochemistry, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics, in-vitro activity and current progress in clinical trials. In addition, plazomicin’s potential role in therapy for the treatment of MDR Gram-negative infections will be discussed.
Is Africa Headed For Another Debt Crisis? Assessing Solvency in a Sluggish Subcontinent

Several African countries are headed into another debt crisis, just a decade or so after their slates had been wiped clean by debt relief. This is based on an assessment of country-specific debt dynamics: the debt to GDP ratios, the rate of growth of debt, the terms at which debt is being contracted relative to economic growth rates, and the willingness of governments to run primary budget surpluses if necessary.
Separating the Wheat from the Chaff: RNA Editing and Selection of Translatable mRNA in Trypanosome Mitochondria.

In the mitochondria of trypanosomes and related kinetoplastid protists, most mRNAs undergo a long and sophisticated maturation pathway before they can be productively translated by mitochondrial ribosomes. Some of the aspects of this pathway (identity of the promotors, transcription initiation, and termination signals) remain obscure, and some (post-transcriptional modification by U-insertion/deletion, RNA editing, 3′-end maturation) have been illuminated by research during the last decades. The RNA editing creates an open reading frame for a productive translation, but the fully edited mRNA often represents a minor fraction in the pool of pre-edited and partially edited precursors. Therefore, it has been expected that the final stages of the mRNA processing generate molecular hallmarks, which allow for the efficient and selective recognition of translation-competent templates. The general contours and several important details of this process have become known only recently and represent the subject of this review.
Predictors of glycemic control after decline of insulin therapy by patients with type 2 diabetes

Abstract Aim Decline of insulin therapy by patients is common but poorly investigated. We conducted this study to determine patient and treatment characteristics predictive of glycemic control after declining clinician recommendation to initiate insulin therapy. Methods We retrospectively studied adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated at two academic medical centers between 1993 and 2014 who declined their healthcare provider recommendation to initiate insulin. Results In a multivariable analysis of 300 study patients adjusted for demographics, comorbidities and clustering within providers, higher baseline HbA1c (OR 1.85; 95% CI 1.40 to 2.39; p Conclusion We identified patient characteristics and treatment strategies associated with success and failure of glycemic control after insulin therapy decline by the patient. This information can assist in selection of optimal therapeutic approaches for these individuals.
Chronic Disease and the Latinx Population: Threats, Challenges, and Opportunities

Compared with other ethnic/racial and socioeconomic groups, the US Latinx population is disproportionately affected by chronic diseases. In this chapter, we describe the epidemiology of chronic diseases and related health behaviors among this population. We then explore social, economic, cultural, and environmental factors and behaviors associated with the risks for cancer and chronic diseases for Latinx persons and the protective factors that can be harnessed to reverse the high prevalence of many diseases, such as cancer, asthma, and type 2 diabetes. We also propose and describe select health behavior theories that can inform the development of interventions and provide examples of effective interventions that have helped prevent and control cancer and chronic diseases in the Latinx population. Lastly, we discuss future priorities for research in the prevention of cancer and chronic diseases and interventions to address health disparities among Latinx persons.
Abstract 356: Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Quantify Perfusion Changes in Early Ischemic Brain Insult Following Cardiac Arrest in a Swine Model

Introduction: Derangement of the cerebrovascular unit (CVU) following ischemia-reperfusion from cardiac arrest contributes to overall brain injury. MRI can detect perfusion changes, but imaging tim...
Noninvasive Detection of Hemolysis with ETCOc Measurement in Neonates at Risk for Significant Hyperbilirubinemia

BACKGROUND Hemolytic hyperbilirubinemia due to blood group incompatibility or glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) is a common cause of significant hyperbilirubinemia. Hemolysis in a hyperbilirubinemic infant increases the risk of bilirubin neurotoxicity. A new portable device (CoSense) can rapidly detect breath end-tidal carbon monoxide corrected to ambient carbon monoxide (ETCOc). ETCOc levels are surrogate markers of hemoglobin breakdown and bilirubin production. OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate the association between ETCOc values and hemolysis and its relevance in neonates at risk for significant hyperbilirubinemia. METHODS A prospective study was conducted among newborn infants born at more than 35 weeks and with a birth weight greater than 2,000 g with a G6PD deficiency, blood group incompatibility, or clinical jaundice needing phototherapy during the first 7 days of life. The recruited infants had their breath ETCOc measured twice, first on the day of recruitment and then again on the following day. RESULTS Fifty infants completed this study. Their mean ETCOc was 1.61 (±0.56) ppm. There was a linear correlation (r = 0.89) between increasing ETCOc values and reticulocyte counts (RC). Sixteen newborns with ABO incompatibility had a significantly higher mean ETCOc of 1.98 ppm (±0.71) as compared to 1.43 (±0.38) ppm in the nonhemolytic hyperbilirubinemia (NHH) group (n = 25) (p = 0.002). This was suggestive of hemolysis as shown by the significantly higher RC of 6.90% (±3.38) compared to 4.68 (±1.26) in the NHH group (p <0.005). Neonates with an ETCOc level ≥1.8 ppm had a higher RC, a lower hemoglobin level, higher serum bilirubin levels, and a rapid rise in serum bilirubin and needed a longer duration of phototherapy. ETCOc values ≥1.8 ppm were suggestive of hemolysis (RC ≥6%), with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 83%. CONCLUSION Higher ETCOc values ≥1.8 ppm are suggestive of hemolysis and they are associated with significant hyperbilirubinemia.
Towards Survey Response Rate Theories That No Longer Pass Each Other Like Strangers in the Night

Declines in survey response rates being observed throughout the world are due in part to the use of data collection designs that ignore how the many elements of a particular design, including decisions on the joint use of survey modes interact to affect rates of response. Although several theories of response behavior have been proposed as means of improving response rates, they tend to be dated and emphasize particular techniques for improving response while ignoring others. In addition, they are often limited to single-mode applications. Consequently, they provide little more than abstract advice, while ignoring how the theory should specifically guide the design of each survey contact and any materials associated with those requests for response. In this paper I propose the need to develop comprehensive data collection designs (from individual communications to the questionnaires and any supporting materials) guided by theory that has been shown effective in explaining human behavior. I also propose moving away from individual tests of response-inducing techniques that has tended to dominate response rate research to the creation and testing of comprehensive designs that explicitly use theory to guide the development of design details.