cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Burning Characteristics of Liquid Fuels with Suspensions of Energetic Nanoparticles: The Effect of Droplet Size

The goal of this study is to understand the effect of droplet size (decreasing from a millimeter scale to a micron scale) on the combustion characteristics of nanofluid fuels (liquid fuels with suspensions of energetic nanoparticles). An experimental setup was developed to produce a droplet stream with droplet sizes ranging from 100-600 μm. The droplet stream was ignited using a heated coil technique, producing a stable droplet stream flame. Pure ethanol and ethanol with the addition of aluminum nanoparticles at varying concentrations were tested with an initial droplet size of 176 μm. Macroscopic visualization of the flames showed micro-explosions to appear in the flame as the nano aluminum burns and escapes the flame front. Ethanol burned with a blue flame indicating little or no soot formation inside the flame. Residue analysis on the stream showed that the aggregation intensity increases with increasing particle concentration. The aggregate structures are dominated by chain like structures and spherical clusters. The burning rate increased with increasing particle concentration. For low concentrations nanofluids (up to 2 wt. % aluminum), the burning rates remained stable, following the D 2 -Law of droplet burning. On the other hand, for higher concentrations, the burning rate reduces as a function of time hence deviating from the D 2 -Law. Tests are being conducted for larger droplets (500-600 μm) at higher concentrations of aluminum. Thin filament pyrometry (TFP) is being used to investigate the temperature distributions within the flame and the effect nanoparticle addition has on the absolute flame temperatures.
Review of Particle Physics and Chemistry in Fluidized Beds for Development of Comprehensive Ash Agglomeration Prediction Models

This work elucidates the fundamental concepts that are essential to understand fluidized bed agglomeration and reviews the development of tools used to predict it. The process of agglomeration in fluidized bed combustion and gasification systems has been explained, along with the associated mechanisms. The ash chemistry and particle physics that influence the agglomeration process have been reviewed to help choose the type of fuel and reactor configurations that can minimize the problem. The parameters that affect agglomeration and their interdependence have been reviewed in detail in order to understand the demands placed on detection, modeling, and prediction tools. Further, the current status of various prediction methods, their challenges, and avenues for further development have been identified. Insights into the development of comprehensive mathematical models to predict agglomerate growth kinetics have also been provided.
Analysis of VDI's Technology and Prospect

VDI (Virtual Desktop Infrastructure),is paid more and more attention at present.For its technical characteristics and the nature,however,most people are still blurred.In this paper,the background and technical definitions of the VDI are introduced,and then two generations of desktop virtualization technology are elaborated on.Finally,the author makes an analysis of its current problems and its future prospect.
SEMANTIC ANNOTATION AND RETRIEVAL OF MUSIC USING A BAG OF SYSTEMS REPRESENTATION

We present a content-based auto-tagger that leverages a rich dictionary of musical codewords, where each codeword is a generative model that captures timbral and temporal characteristics of music. This leads to a higher-level, concise “Bag of Systems” (BoS) representation of the characteristics of a musical piece. Once songs are represented as a BoS histogram over codewords, traditional algorithms for text document retrieval can be leveraged for music autotagging. Compared to estimating a single generative model to directly capture the musical characteristics of songs associated with a tag, the BoS approach offers the flexibility to combine different classes of generative models at various time resolutions through the selection of the BoS codewords. Experiments show that this enriches the audio representation and leads to superior auto-tagging performance.
Psychotherapeutic intervention for treatment of couples with secondary infertility

Twenty couples with a history of secondary infertility and no detectable organic etiology were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group was seen by a psychotherapist for an interview, the object of which was to detect and discuss previously unrecognized psychosexual problems or psychologic conflicts. The second group was not seen by the psychotherapist. Interviews included the presence of both members of the couple and the infertility specialist. The psychiatric interview did uncover psychologic conflicts, the most prevalent of which was a problem between the woman and her mother in which psychologic boundaries between the two women were confused. Sexual problems, marital discord, and fear of pregnancy were other issues warranting clarification and attention. After 18 months of follow-up, six of the ten women in couples interviewed had become pregnant, and one woman of nine in the control group had become pregnant.
Local Government Risk Assessment: The Effect of Government Type on Credit Rating Decisions in Texas

In consideration of increased levels of debt issued by special purpose local governments, this study explores the relationship between local government type and credit rating decisions. Investors use credit ratings as a signal for default risk, and risk level is a function of local economic base including service responsibilities and revenue sources. Governmental functions and economic bases vary across local government types which affect credit rating decisions. Specifically, special purpose governments have more limited responsibilities and revenue sources compared to general purpose governments. To model the decision of agency selection a multivariate probit model is estimated using bond deals from six different types of local governments in Texas. Findings suggest differences among general purpose and special purpose local governments. This supports the hypothesis that economic base affects credit rating decisions. Results indicate that credit rating agencies evaluate and weight information differently, and that local governments chose rating agencies in response.
Sleep in adolescence: physiology, cognition and mental health

Sleep is a core behavior of adolescents, consuming up to a third or more of each day. As part of this special issue on the adolescent brain, we review changes to sleep behaviors and sleep physiology during adolescence with a particular focus on the sleeping brain. We posit that brain activity during sleep may provide a unique window onto adolescent cortical maturation and compliment waking measures. In addition, we review how sleep actively supports waking cognitive functioning in adolescence. Though this review is focused on sleep in healthy adolescents, the striking comorbidity of sleep disruption with nearly all psychiatric and developmental disorders (for reviews see 1,2) further highlights the importance of understanding the determinants and consequences of adolescent sleep for the developing brain. Figure 1 illustrates the overarching themes of our review, linking brain development, sleep development, and behavioral outcomes. Open in a separate window Figure 1 Determinants and Consequences of Adolescent Sleep This diagram outlines the central theme of the review: a complex milieu of determinants and consequences of sleep interact during the sensitive window of adolescence. Center: Developmental shifts in sleep behavior (e.g., sleep need and timing) and physiology (e.g., slow waves and sleep spindles) index maturational changes in sleep and circadian regulatory systems emerging along with developmental trajectories of grey and white matter within the brain. Top: Several moderating and mediating extrinsic pressures can alter sleep behavior and physiology beyond intrinsic developmental forces, including school schedules, extra-curricular activities, and technology use. Bottom: Healthy development of sleep during adolescence underlies a variety of functional outcomes. Together this framework highlights sleep during adolescence as a “perfect storm” (Carskadon, 2011): a sensitive time-period where developmental changes, together with (mal)-adaptive environmental forces, may yield powerful consequences for behavior and cognition.
Novel structure embedded with dual-diodes and silicon controlled rectifier for high speed I/O applications

Design trade-offs of a novel structure embedded with a silicon controlled rectifier and dual-diode (DD-SCR) for high speed I/O applications are presented. A metal-bounded DD-SCR exhibiting a high failure current (It2), small on-state resistance (Ron), low voltage overshoot and low parasitic capacitance is introduced as an optimal device for such applications in advanced CMOS processes. Comprehensive characterizations including capacitance and current vs. voltage measured using transmission line pulsing (TLP) and very-fast TLP (VFTLP) are undertaken to demonstrate the DD-SCR performance.
Laparoscopic Rectopexy with Urinary Bladder Xenograft Reinforcement.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Rectal prolapse is often repaired laparoscopically, frequently with the use of reinforcement material. Both synthetic and biologically derived materials reduce recurrence rate compared to primary suture repair. Synthetic mesh introduces potential complications such as mesh erosion, fibrosis, and infection. Urinary bladder matrix (UBM) represents a biologically derived material for reinforcement of rectal prolapse repair with the potential to improve durability without risks of synthetic materials. The objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness, durability, and functional result of laparoscopic rectopexy using urinary bladder matrix xenograft reinforcement at three years follow up. METHODS The 20 cases presented describe rectal prolapse repair by means of laparoscopic rectopexy with presacral UBM reinforcement. Patients were followed up for an average of 3 years and assessed with interviews, physical examination, manometry, and the fecal incontinence severity index (FISI). RESULTS Each repair was completed laparoscopically. UBM exhibited favorable handling characteristics when sutured to the sacrum and the lateral rectal walls. One patient underwent laparoscopic drainage of a postoperative abscess; no other complications occurred. In 3 years of follow-up, there have been no full-thickness recurrences, erosions, reoperations, or long-term complications. Two patients exhibited a small degree of mucosal prolapse on follow-up physical examination that did not require surgery. Three-year FISI scores averaged 8 (range, 0-33 of a possible 61), indicating low fecal incontinence symptomatology. Follow-up anorectal manometry was performed in 9 patients, showing mixed results. CONCLUSION Surgeons may safely use laparoscopic rectopexy with UBM reinforcement for repair of rectal prolapses. In this series, repairs with UBM grafts have been durable at 3-year follow-up and may be an alternative to synthetic mesh reinforcement of rectal prolapse repairs. Future studies may compare the advantages and cost-effectiveness of reinforcement materials for rectal prolapse repair.
Optical and Physical Properties of the LiSrAlF6:Cr Laser Crystal

We have measured several of the physical and optical parameters of the LiSrAlF6:Cr or Cr:LiSAF laser material that are important to its laser performance, including the thermomechanical properties, water durabilities, and Auger upconversion constants. A thermomechanical figure-of-merit has been determined from measurements of the fracture toughness, expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, Young’s modulus, and heat capacity. Tests of water durability suggest that a neutral pH of 7 is optimum to minimize water dissolution. The Auger effect was found to be a significant factor at higher Cr concentration, where excited-state migration leads to an increase in the upconversion rate.
Asynchronous blogging as a mechanism to enhance students’ conceptual understanding of the epidemiological and public health ramifications of microbial diseases

Diseases are of inherent interest to humans, and, therefore not surprisingly, to novices entering the fields of epidemiology and public health as well. Though standard coursework within these disciplines focuses extensively on a variety of human and animal pathogens, it is oftentimes infeasible to discuss all diseases and/or disorders of interest to students given the time and resource limitations imposed by formal course structure. The weblog project described herein seeks to circumvent these restrictions by providing students with an asynchronous, self-directed opportunity to further explore and research a disease/disorder of their choice. Beyond promoting autodidactic learning by affording students the chance to refine their content knowledge in the domain, the weblog assignment serves to enhance students’ scientific, technological, and information literacy skills. The assignment is easily adaptable for both small- and large-enrollment courses at both the introductory and advanced levels and can be modified for use in both face-to-face and online learning environments.
A new tetragonal phase in CoFeCrGe Heusler alloy

Abstract CoFeCrGe ribbons were prepared by melt spinning and then annealed at 300 °C for 4 h and 500 °C for 4 h, respectively. The as-spun ribbons of CoFeCrGe have the B2 type structure with a = 0.287 nm. The CoFeCrGe ribbons annealed at 300 °C are composed mainly of the L21 type structure with a = 0.578 nm in partial disorder and the B2 type structure with a = 0.289 nm in further disorder case. The ribbons annealed at 500 °C are composed of three compounds with average compositions of Co26.0Fe26.5Cr23.5Ge24.0, Co3.8Fe6.4Cr68.5Ge21.3 and Co53.4Fe30.4Cr8.6Ge7.6, listed in a sequence of volume percentage from major to minor. The primary compound Co26.0Fe26.5Cr23.5Ge24.0 is the L21-type structure with a = 0.571 nm in partial disorder and the B2 type structure with a = 0.286 nm in further disorder case. The secondary compound Co3.8Fe6.4Cr68.5Ge21.3 has a cubic Cr3Ge structure with a = 0.461 nm. The tertiary compound Co53.4Fe30.4Cr8.6Ge7.6 is a new tetragonal structure with lattice parameters a = 0.76 nm, c = 0.284 nm, which were determined by using tilt-series electron diffraction technique in this work. The tertiary (Co, Fe)-rich phase is usually embedded in the matrix of the secondary Cr-rich phase, but there is no special orientation between the two phases. The difference in the magnetic hysteresis loops of the samples annealed at 300 °C and 500 °C has been interpreted as the appearance of the new tetragonal crystalline phase. Element doping is the possible way for further developing the single tetragonal phase or increasing the amount of this phase.
QUASI-SIMPLE MODULES AND WEAK TRANSITIVITY

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the quasi-simple modules and weak transitivity. If R V D be an R, D -bimodule, where D is a division ring R is a ring and R V is a uniform module, then R acts weakly transitively in the vector space V D provided there is a left order S in D and an R , S - submodule U of V such that UD = V. It is shown that that if R is a prime ring with a maximal annihilator left ideal and a uniform left ideal U , then R acts weakly transitively in Vp , where V is the quasi-injective hull of U and D = Hom R ( V, V ). A ring R has a faithful weakly transitive representation in a vector space VQ such that nV is uniform and R has elements represented by nonzero linear transformations of finite rank if R is prime with maximal annihilator left ideal, V is the quasiinjective hull of a uniform left ideal, and D = Hom R ( V, V ). It is found that every simple module is quasi-simple and every commutative integral domain is quasi-simple as module over itself.
Design of a Tool for Providing Dynamic Network Information to an Application

We propose a design of a simple tool that can be used by a distributed application to discover the relevant network information dynamically. The simplicity is a key design feature: the tool can be used without multiple modifications of the application code. The timely notification of the application is performed using a callback mechanism which minimizes the application idle time. The network information is gathered and analyzed simultaneously with application execution. We show that empowering an application with a knowledge of network characteristics provides insights into possible application adaptation mechanisms and into the causes of communication delays.
An assertional correctness proof of a self-stabilizing /spl lscr/-exclusion algorithm

A formal correctness proof of a self-stabilizing /spl lscr/-exclusion algorithm (SLEX) is described. The analyzed algorithm is an improvement of the SLEX due to Abraham, Dolev, Herman, and Koll, since our version satisfies a stronger liveness property. The proof is formulated in linear-time temporal logic and utilizes a history variable to model access to regular registers. The proof consists of a safety part and a liveness part. Our analysis provides some new insight in the correctness of the algorithm: (1) our proof is constructive. That is, we explicitly formulate auxiliary quantities required to establish some of the properties. This contrasts with the operational arguments of Abraham et al., where many quantities are not explicitly formulated and the validity of the above mentioned properties are established by disproving their non-existence. (2) We characterize processes (and their minimum number) identified by some process as attempting to enter the critical section. (3) A novel proof rule for reasoning about programs in the presence of disabled processes is presented to structure the liveness proof.
Counting Serologically Specific Rhizobia in Soil and Peat Inoculants Using Membrane Filters and Immunofluorescence

In the plate-count method, it is assumed that each viable cell forms a colony. Therefore, the number of colonies growing on the medium is a measure of the bacterial content of the material analyzed. Bacterial numbers can also be determined by direct counting procedures, provided the cells are made visible by specific staining. Rhizobia in soils and peat inoculants can be stained with specific fluorochrome-conjugated antisera and counted using fluorescent microscopy.
Opportunities and challenges in secondary stroke prevention: a mixed methods study.

Purpose: To describe control of risk factors after stroke from the perspectives of the stroke survivor, the family, and healthcare professionals.Materials and methods: A mixed methods design was us...
Coastal dunes with resistant cores

Hybrid shore protection projects combine hard structures with beaches, sand dunes and vegetation, mimicking the appearance and function of natural landforms. These advantages can also accrue to structures built as primary protection that eventually become covered by sand following natural accretion, artificial nourishment or burial by earth-moving equipment. This study reviews the advantages and disadvantages of dunes designed and built as hybrid structures using geotextiles, gabions and clay as core elements and dunes that eventually form over traditional beach protection structures that are built independently of a sand cover. Dunes constructed with hard cores can be considered soft solutions that overcome restrictions by regulatory agencies against hard shoreline armoring, but most hybrid designs are low-cost temporary solutions. Protection plans should also include subsequent protection actions that address long-term needs. Hard cores should be placed close to the human facilities to be protected to increase space for naturally functioning landforms and habitats seaward. Mechanical reburial of exhumed cores should occur as soon as possible to help prevent damage to them, reestablish habitat and aesthetic value, reestablish safe access between beach and upland for native fauna and beach users, and keep nature and the need for restoration in the minds of beach users. Keeping the fronting beach wider by artificially nourishing it can protect the structure from exhumation, provide a larger sand surface for dune buildup by aeolian processes and provide space for a more natural environmental gradient across the shore.
Supercritical methanol depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation of lignin and biomass over reduced copper porous metal oxides

Supercritical methanol depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation (SCM-DHDO) of maple wood and lignin extracted with GVL from maple wood, was studied using a copper porous metal oxide catalyst. Phenols (P or H), guaiacols (G), and syringols (S) with deoxygenated 1 to 3-carbon (C1–C3) alkyl tails were the early products (15 min reaction time) from both the maple wood and the GVL extracted lignin. Furthermore, at 15 min reaction time, the maple wood products showed increased levels of demethoxylation with an S/G/P ratio of 1.0/4.2/1.2 versus 1.0/1.0/0.1 from the GVL extracted lignin products. After 4 h of reacting lignin monomers, dimers and trimers were produced with both the maple wood and extracted lignin. However, the 4 h maple wood products yielded twice the amount of lignin monomers (43.1%) as compared to the 4 h GVL extracted lignin products (20.1%). The GVL extracted lignin products were in the dimer to trimer molecular weight (MW, ∼180–750 Da) ranges whereas the maple wood products were in the monomer to dimer MW ranges (∼94–500 Da) according to the GPC results. NMR and FT-ICR MS analyses show that both the 4 h maple wood products and 4 h GVL extracted lignin products undergo a high degree of hydrodeoxygenation, saturation, and repolymerization by C–C bond formation. The higher yield of lignin monomers from the maple wood is likely due to the lower lignin concentration that occurs during the reaction whereas higher lignin concentration during the reaction leads to more oligomerization reactions.
The color of skin: white diseases of the skin, nails, and mucosa.

Gradations in skin color are a consequence of differing amounts of melanin and their varying distribution. Although many darkly pigmented skin lesions are melanocytic and can be attributed to melanin content, the color of a black lesion can also be due to blood, necrotic tissue, or exogenous pigment. The source, pattern, and distribution of the color in black lesions usually offer important insight into its etiology. This contribution reviews conditions that can take on a black color, discussing the cause of the hue and any additional impact sun exposure may have.
Bidirectional Spillover in the Family across the Transition to Parenthood

Although family systems theory posits reciprocal causality between subsystems of the family, such as intimate partner violence exacerbating harsh parenting and vice versa, longitudinal studies with cross-lagged models have been used infrequently to test these principles. As guided by the spillover model, this study examined bidirectional associations between couple dysfunction, parent-child aggression risk, and child functioning across the transition to parenthood to determine whether and how disruptions in one subsystem relate to problems in other family subsystems. Participants were 201 first-time mothers and 151 fathers from a diverse community sample, evaluated during pregnancy, and reassessed two more times through their child's first 18 months of life. Individual and dyadic path model results indicate bidirectional spillover effects between parent-child aggression risk and child functioning for both mothers and fathers, and spillover from parent-child aggression risk to couple dysfunction for mothers but not fathers. However, limited spillover effects were identified between couple functioning and child adjustment, in contrast to previous work. Findings suggest that spillover can happen reciprocally and early in the family, supporting transactional models of behavior and highlighting the need for early family level intervention.
On the size-dependence of CdSe nanocrystals for photon upconversion with anthracene

In triplet-triplet annihilation based photon upconversion, controlling triplet energy transfer (TET) through the system is key to unlocking higher efficiencies. In this work, we vary the size of colloidally synthesized CdSe nanocrystals (NCs) to examine the effects on TET during photon upconversion, using steady-state measurements and transient absorption spectroscopy. As the CdSe NC size increases, the photon upconversion quantum yield (QY) decreases due to the decrease in the rate of TET from CdSe to the surface bound anthracene transmitter ligand, as expected for the Marcus description of energy transfer from the transmitter to the NC. Long microsecond transmitter lifetimes are critical to high photon upconversion QYs.
The surgery exact triangle in Pin(2)–onopole Floer homology

We prove the existence of an exact triangle for the Pin(2)–monopole Floer homology groups of three-manifolds related by specific Dehn surgeries on a given knot. Unlike the counterpart in usual monopole Floer homology, only two of the three maps are those induced by the corresponding elementary cobordism. We use this triangle to describe the Manolescu correction terms of the manifolds obtained by (±1)–surgery on alternating knots with Arf invariant 1.
Habitability of Exoplanets using Deep Learning

In observational astronomy, researchers have reached a point where large datasets from sky surveys are regularly published. Sending probes to land on asteroids, collect material, and ship it back to Earth is one strategy for space exploration. Astronomical data is rapidly increasing in size and complexity as space and ground-based telescopes are developed and deployed. Machine learning has gained popularity among astronomers in recent years, and it is now used to solve a variety of tasks, including classification, regression, clustering, outlier detection, time series analysis, association law, and so on. The study on previous work of papers on exoplanets and their habitability show machine learning methods including Support Vector Classification, Random forest, K-Nearest Neighbor, and so on were used in the majority of the papers. Until now, only a few deep learning methods have been studied. As a result, this research work overcomes different challenges faced by astronomers dealing with large data and seeking relevant knowledge for each objective using Deep Learning techniques. Furthermore, deep learning techniques are capable of managing complex data with ease. To begin, this paper proposes ASTRONET, a deep learning architecture, to look for exoplanets that are habitable based on their planet gravity, eccentricity, mass, radius, and other characteristics. This research paper explains the entire process of finding exoplanets and categorizing them based on their habitability. Finally, to establish a knowledge base of parameters that affect the habitability of exoplanets.
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm with history of myeloma and concomitant acute undifferentiated leukemia: Illustration of morphologic and immunophenotypic challenges of an emerging phenomenon.

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) with associated prior or concurrent hematologic malignancy (BPDCN-PCHM) is an emerging phenomenon, increasingly seen in clinical practice in the...
Impella flow pump reinsertion after axillary graft thrombectomy: Technical points in replacing axillary Impella:

Axillary Impella devices are increasingly employed for long-term support of patients with systolic heart failure and shock. Axillary access allows for awake support and ambulation, which carries an inherent risk of disconnection or malposition. We report a series of two cases where device replacement due to dysfunction and malposition can be completed safely through the original axillary graft using axillary graft thrombectomy, given that the clot burden could be a major source of morbidity to the patient.
Design Strategies for Generating Highly Influential Studies

BACKGROUND AND AIM: When epidemiologists plan a study, they aspire to make that study as influential as possible when the totality of the research on that topic is assessed. Expert assessments cons...
Two Recent Theories of Conditionals

In recent years, two new and fundamentally different accounts of conditionals and their logic have been put forth, one based on nearness of possible worlds (Stalnaker, ‘A Theory of Conditionals’, 1968, this volume, pp. 41–55; Lewis, Counterfactuals, 1973) and the other based on subjective conditional probabilities (Adams, The Logic of Conditionals, 1975). The two accounts, I shall claim, have almost nothing in common, They do have a common logic within the domain on which they both pronounce, but that, as far as I can discover, is little more than a coincidence. Each of these disparate accounts, though, has an important application to natural language, or so I shall argue. Roughly, Adams’ probabilistic account is true of indicative conditionals, and a nearness of possible worlds account is true of subjunctive conditionals. If that is so, the apparent similarity of these two ‘if constructions hides a profound semantical difference.
A paradigm for evaluating assessment interviewing techniques

For the school psychologist, interviewing is a commonly used but little understood assessment technique, often appreciated for its apparent simplicity and flexibility but criticized for its frequent lack of psychometric rigor. With few standardized and/or validated assessment interview schedules and little systematic training in diagnostic interviewing, the school psychologist is left to develop his or her own personalized assessment interview style. Three dimensions (namely, predetermination of questions, interviewer response options, and breadth of content explored) which appear to determine assessment interview structure and format are described and operationally defined and then combined into a conceptual model indicating 27 different assessment interview formats. This paradigm affords practitioners a model for classifying their own assessment interview techniques. Further research into the psychometric qualities of different types of assessment interviews so classified is suggested.
A wireless system for real-time environmental and structural monitoring

Accurate real-time monitoring of structural health can result in significant safety improvements, while providing data that can be used to improve design and construction practices. For bridges, monitoring of water level, tilt, displacement, strain, and vibration can provide snapshots of the state of the structure. Real-time measurement and communication of this information can be invaluable in guiding decisions regarding the safety and remaining fatigue life of a bridge. This paper describes the real-time data acquisition, communication, and alerting capabilities of the Flood Frog, an autonomous wireless system for remote monitoring. Battery power and utilization of the GSM cellular network result in a completely wireless system. Coupled with the low cost of the device, the elimination of cables allows deployment in locations where autonomous monitoring is hindered by cost or infeasibility of installation. The first prototype of the system was deployed in Osage Beach, MO in November 2006.
Reconciling disparate prevalence rates of PTSD in large samples of US male Vietnam veterans and their controls

Two large independent studies funded by the US government have assessed the impact of the Vietnam War on the prevalence of PTSD in US veterans. The National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study (NVVRS) estimated the current PTSD prevalence to be 15.2% while the Vietnam Experience Study (VES) estimated the prevalence to be 2.2%. We compared alternative criteria for estimating the prevalence of PTSD using the NVVRS and VES public use data sets collected more than 10 years after the United States withdrew troops from Vietnam. We applied uniform diagnostic procedures to the male veterans from the NVVRS and VES to estimate PTSD prevalences based on varying criteria including one-month and lifetime prevalence estimates, combat and non-combat prevalence estimates, and prevalence estimates using both single and multiple indicator models. Using a narrow and specific set of criteria, we derived current prevalence estimates for combat-related PTSD of 2.5% and 2.9% for the VES and the NVVRS, respectively. Using a more broad and sensitive set of criteria, we derived current prevalence estimates for combat-related PTSD of 12.2% and 15.8% for the VES and NVVRS, respectively. When comparable methods were applied to available data we reconciled disparate results and estimated similar current prevalences for both narrow and broad definitions of combat-related diagnoses of PTSD.
The Hubble Space Telescope Andromeda Treasury Survey. I. A public Star Catalog and Atlas based on the ACS/WFC data

As a legacy of the Hubble Space Telescope, a multi-cycle public survey has recently been approved and began to scan an area of approximately 0.5 degrees x 1.5 degrees in one quadrant of M31, using two cameras and several filters. The purpose of this work is to immediately release to the community a catalog of the sources imaged by ACS/WFC. The list will be updated on an almost real-time basis, as new data arrive, and the process will continue for the next two years, until the survey is completed. Each update will contain a chunk of 1/46 of the entire ACS/WFC survey, by means of astrometrized stacked images, and a catalog providing: positions, magnitudes, and several quality parameters.
Theoretical Interpretation of Pulsed Neutron Experiments in Moderators

Publisher Summary The classes of pulsed neutron measurements are those which involve moderators and in which the neutron energy is in the thermal range. In general, there is a finite block of moderating material that is bombarded at time zero by a burst of neutrons from a fairly small source. These neutrons initially have a wide energy spread in the Mev region and subsequently become thermalized in the moderating target. Such experiments appropriately utilize the high intensity of the RPI linear accelerator and may be treated on the time scale ranging from several microseconds up to milliseconds. The first general type of experiment is typically called a die-away experiment. It is possible in die-away experiments to work at both very long times after the pulse as already mentioned and at very short times in order to pick up a flux component in the higher modes, that is, λ1(0) and possibly λ2(0) or higher. There is also the probability of being able to identify modes other than the fundamental buckling mode.
Evidence for spin fluctuations in the deep-inelastic reaction 165Ho + 165Ho at 8.5 MeVamu

Abstract Both the magnitude and alignment of the transferred angular momentum in the reaction 165Ho + 165Ho have been measured as a function of Q-value via continuum γ-ray multiplicity and anisotropy techniques. The spin transfer and the continuum γ-ray anisotropy increase throughout the quasi-elastic region. The spin transfer as a function of Q-value saturates at ~ 35ħ/fragment, the anisotropy peaks at a value of ~2 and then decreases to near unity for the largest Q-values. The observed anisotropies are in good agreement with predictions from an equilibrium statistical model in which thermal excitation of angular-momentum-bearing collective modes and neutron evaporation give rise to in-plane components of the angular momentum.
Spatial and temporal structure of typhoid outbreaks in Washington, D.C., 1906–1909: evaluating local clustering with the Gi* statistic

To better understand the distribution of typhoid outbreaks in Washington, D.C., the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) conducted four investigations of typhoid fever. These studies included maps of cases reported between 1 May – 31 October 1906 – 1909. These data were entered into a GIS database and analyzed using Ripley's K-function followed by the G i * statistic in yearly intervals to evaluate spatial clustering, the scale of clustering, and the temporal stability of these clusters. The Ripley's K-function indicated no global spatial autocorrelation. The G i * statistic indicated clustering of typhoid at multiple scales across the four year time period, refuting the conclusions drawn in all four PHS reports concerning the distribution of cases. While the PHS reports suggested an even distribution of the disease, this study quantified both areas of localized disease clustering, as well as mobile larger regions of clustering. Thus, indicating both highly localized and periodic generalized sources of infection within the city. The methodology applied in this study was useful for evaluating the spatial distribution and annual-level temporal patterns of typhoid outbreaks in Washington, D.C. from 1906 to 1909. While advanced spatial analyses of historical data sets must be interpreted with caution, this study does suggest that there is utility in these types of analyses and that they provide new insights into the urban patterns of typhoid outbreaks during the early part of the twentieth century.
Sakaguchi oxine test for arginine applied to tissue sections

Abstract A simplified histochemical method of demonstrating the presence of arginine in tissues is described. This procedure is modified from Sakaguchi's second test for arginine, using 8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine). Good orange colors in tissue sections, denoting the presence of arginine, were found in connective tissues, thymus gland, duodenal mucosa, and the thyroid colloid. Epithelial tissues and epithelial tumors generally contained little arginine by this method.
Reactions of (polyhaloaryl)copper compounds with aryl, alkyl and allyl halides

Abstract (Polyhaloaryl)copper complexes in solution were reacted with some aryl and alkyl iodides and allyl halides to give the coupled products. The composition of some isolated complexes is reported.
New Paradigm for Optical Imaging: Temporally Encoded Maps of Intrinsic Signal

We present a new technique for acquiring and analyzing intrinsic signal optical images of brain activity, using continuous stimulus presentation and data acquisition. The main idea is to present a temporally periodic stimulus and to analyze the component of the response at the stimulus frequency. Advantages of the new technique include the removal of heart, respiration, and vasomotor artifacts, a dramatic increase in spatial resolution, and a 30-fold or greater reduction in acquisition time. We also present a novel approach to localizing instantaneous neuronal responses using time-reversed stimuli that is widely applicable to brain imaging. To demonstrate the power of the technique, we present high-resolution retinotopic maps of five visual areas in mouse cortex and orientation maps in cat visual cortex.
Optical microcavities: Single virus detection and nanoparticle trapping

Single polystyrene nanoparticles are detected from resonance wavelength fluctuations in toroidal and spherical microcavities. The magnitude of the wavelength-shift signal follows a reactive mechanism with inverse dependence on mode volume. By reducing the size of a microsphere cavity we demonstrate sensitivity to single Influenza A virions. Furthermore, we introduce a novel mechanism for trapping and accumulation of nanoparticles at the microcavity-sensorregion by utilizing light-force exerted in evanescent field gradients.
Abstract B87: Factors associated with mammography screening in cities of four contiguous U.S. states whose 2010 mammography rates for women aged 40 and older ranged from 63.8 to 75.2 percent.

Objectives: To evaluate access to care, socio-economic status (SES), and other demographic factors at regional and individual levels that predict the probability of women 40 and older getting mammography screening for breast cancer within the previous two years in cities of Idaho, which has the lowest mammography rates nationally, and contiguous states of Washington, Montana and North Dakota. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 2010 Center for Disease Control (CDC) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) individual survey data for women 40 and over residing in cities of Idaho, Washington, Montana, and North Dakota. Regional characteristics for cities within each state included a created variable of the sum of general and OB/GYN physicians divided by the civil population to represent provider density and 2010 American Community Survey demographic data from the US census spatially linked to the study area using ArcGIS. Results: Having a personal doctor was significantly associated with having a mammogram within the previous two years for women 40 and older in all but one city. Controlling for socio-demographic variables, women 40 and older who had a routine check-up within last 2 years had greater odds of having timely mammography for all cities. The provider density was significantly associated with mammography in the previous two years only in cities in Idaho, which had the lowest mammography rates nationally. Women 40 and older in cities with higher SES (income >50K, high school education or greater) had greater odds of having a mammogram within the previous two years in cities of Idaho, N. Dakota and Washington, but not Montana. Conclusions: State-wide policies directed at improving mammography should include an effort to establish a relationship with a medical care provider. Citation Format: Ann M. Han, Shwetha Sequeira, Loretta Berger. Factors associated with mammography screening in cities of four contiguous U.S. states whose 2010 mammography rates for women aged 40 and older ranged from 63.8 to 75.2 percent. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2012 Oct 27-30; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21(10 Suppl):Abstract nr B87.
Transgenic mouse line overexpressing the cancer-specific tNOX protein has an enhanced growth and acquired drug-response phenotype

tNOX, a novel cell surface protein related to unregulated growth and drug response of cancer cells, has been proposed as the cellular target for the anticancer action of various quinone site inhibitors with anticancer activity including the polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCg). A transgenic mouse line overexpressing tNOX was generated to determine its overall growth phenotype and susceptibility to EGCg. Cultured noncancer cells lack tNOX and are unresponsive to EGCg. Overexpression of tNOX in cultured noncancer cells through transfection resulted in both enhanced growth and an acquired inhibitory response to EGCg. The tNOX transgenic mouse line was developed using a phCMV2 vector with the hemagglutinin (HA) tag. Transgenic mice exhibited both an enhanced growth rate and a response to EGCg not observed with wild-type mice. Female transgenic mice grew twice as fast as wild type, and growth was reflected in an overall increased carcass weight. Administration of EGCg in the drinking water [500 mg/kg body weight (BW)] reduced the growth rate of the transgenic mice to that of wild-type mice. The findings provide in situ validation of the hypothesis that tNOX represents a necessary and sufficient molecular target as the basis for the protective and potential cancer therapeutic benefits of EGCg.
Movement Indicators of Reproductive Events among Female Meadow Voles as Revealed by Radiotelemetry

Live-trapping and radiotelemetry were used to monitor weight changes and movements of free-ranging female meadow voles ( Microtus pennsylvanicus ) through the reproductive cycle. Body weight increased markedly from day 8 of gestation. Seven measures of space use and movement were quantified weekly from 4 weeks before to 2 weeks after parturition. These included total, maximum, and secondary clustering, home area size, average radius, average movement per hour, and the change in center of activity between observation periods. All measures showed a significant decrease associated with parturition, except total and maximum clustering, which showed a significant increase. The findings are discussed in relation to maternal care of altricial young in mammals, and relative to a possible role in population regulation.
The Logic of Organizational Change

We contend that the political environment inside the firm offers the potential to reconcile the contrasting logics of exploration and exploitation. While the governing coalition adheres to the orga...
Predictive factors for short-term visual outcome after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection for diabetic macular oedema: an optical coherence tomography study

Aim: To evaluate the predictive factors for visual outcome after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection to treat refractory diabetic macular edema. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with diabetic macular edema who met the following inclusion criteria: clinically significant diabetic macular edema, receipt of a 4mg/0.1ml intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macula performed up to ten days prior to injection. All patients received a full ophthalmic examination including best-corrected Snellen visual acuity (VA). The main outcome measure was the mean change in vision 3 months after injection. Results: Data from 73 eyes of 59 patients were analyzed. After a mean follow-up of 324 days, the mean change in vision was -0.075 logMAR units with 27.3% improving ? 3 lines, 6.8% declining ? 3 lines and 60.2% remaining stable within 1 line of baseline vision. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate generalized estimating equations based on data from 52 eyes of 42 patients. Factors associated with an improvement in vision 3 months after injection were worse baseline visual acuity (-0.27 logMAR units/unit increase in baseline VA, P=0.002) and presence of subretinal fluid (-0.17 logMAR units, P=0.06). The presence of cystoid macular edema negatively affected the visual outcome (0.15 logMAR units, P=0.03). In addition, the presence of an epiretinal membrane (ERM) was associated with less visual improvement. ERM modified the effect of baseline VA as demonstrated by a significant interaction between these two variables (0.34 logMAR units/unit increase in baseline VA, P=0.04). Conclusions: OCT factors and baseline visual acuity can be useful in predicting visual acuity outcomes 3 months after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection in patients with refractory diabetic macular edema.