cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Torsions Within the Same Anxiety? Entification, apophasis, history

In Anglophone educational research in the United States, the name Foucault has been more pointedly celebrated in some subfields such as curriculum studies relative to its more noticeable censorship in subfields such as history of education. This paper illustrates how such differential epistemological politics might be accounted for through reapproaching the challenges to historiography that Histoire de la Folie (Madness and Civilization) raised. Through the formalist lens of performative apophasis, and with attention to the dependencies of discourse that characterize narrative prosthesis, this paper re-engages the least referenced of Foucault's major histories in the educational field to bring into noticeability other ‘conditions of possibility’—ones that explicate how an apophatic turn might account for divergent reactions to less familiar philosophies of history and/or to ‘alternative’ approaches to documents through which history is now being narrated and critiqued in education and beyond.
Technology and the Polytheistic Mind: From Global to Planetary Theologies

: Assuming that human beings are, among other things, techno-sapiens, natural-cultural; and that technology-nature-culture are a part of the same emergent process of life (e.g., Martin Heidegger, Donna Haraway, Phil Hefner), this paper argues for a move from global to planetary technologies. According to Gayatri Spivak, the process of globalization is the imposition of sameness over the face of the globe. In contrast, she argues, what we need is a planetary vision of the world: one that pays attention to multi-perspectivalism and difference; and connects peoples, places, and things through those differences rather than in spite of them. In this article I argue that theological technologies of monotheism have tended to support globalization. As such, I explore the possibilities for polytheistic (or at least) polydox theological technologies of planetary becoming.
What Can Cash Shortfalls and Windfalls Tell Us About Finance Constraints

This paper examines the relative magnitude of financial versus real frictions by looking at how firms react to quasi-exogenous cash shortfalls to pension assets. To answer the question theoretically, we examine a dynamic model of financing and exogenous cash shortfalls. We find that when financing costs are high, firms adjust on real margins and vice versa. We find that firms optimally avoid costly cash shortfalls, only experiencing these events after serious negative shocks to profits. We also find that commonly used regression tests for the presence of finance constraints can produce false positives. In contrast, regression discontinuity techniques can provide an accurate method for uncovering the existence and magnitudes of finance constraints.
Line Plume and Ocean Outfall Dispersion

The three-dimensional flowfield created by a line plume of finite length in a steady unstratified current was investigated experimentally and theoretically. The results are applicable to ocean sewer outfall design. Even though the diffuser length may be much greater than the water depth, the flowfield cannot be considered to be two dimensional. The most important dynamic parameter is a Froude number, F, given by the ratio of the current speed cubed to the buoyancy flux discharged per unit diffuser length. Different mixing regimes can occur depending on the value of F and the plume can be attached to the lower boundary. Dilution depends on current speed and direction only for F>0.1. For F>0.1, dilution increases with current speed and diffusers perpendicular to the current will result in greater dilution than if parallel. The surface wastefield spreads rapidly in a parallel current, showing that Y or similarly shaped diffusers are not essential to produce a widely dispersed wastefield. The buoyant spreading of the surface wastefield is a complex phenomenon, having growth laws that change with distance downstream.
Effects of blowdown on small mammal populations

Abstract Over 150,000 ha of standing forest was altered as a result of a large-scale blowdown in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, Minnesota in 1999. We collected data in summers 2000 and 2001 to assess the effects of windthrow perturbation on small mammal communities in northern coniferous forests. Small mammal diversity, as well as density of the two most common species, red-backed voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) and woodland jumping mice (Napaeozapus insignis), were determined in three different treatments with varying proportions of blowdown ( 66% blowdown). Diversity of small mammals increased from 2000 to 2001 and was highest in forest stands with 25 individuals/ha) at sites most affected by blowdown. In contrast, density of woodland jumping mice exhibited an inverse relationship with r...
Colonoscopy practice for veterans within and outside the Veterans Affairs setting: a matched cohort study.

Background and Aims To minimize delays for colonoscopy within Veterans Affairs (VA) facilities, veterans may receive care at non-VA facilities based on fee-for-service contracts, and more recently, through the Veterans Access, Choice, and Accountability Act. The impact of diverting care from VA to non-VA facilities on quality of colonoscopy practice is unknown. Methods We identified all veterans aged 50 to 85 years who received a fee-basis colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening or surveillance at non-VA facilities in 2007 to 2010. These patients were matched for sex, age, and year of procedure to veterans who underwent colonoscopies at VA medical centers. The outcomes of interest were the adenoma detection rates (ADR) and compliance with surveillance guidelines. Results During the observation period, 409 veterans (mean age 64 years; 94% men) underwent a fee-basis colonoscopy at 30 nonacademic (54%) and 2 academic (46%) facilities. Compared with colonoscopies performed at VA facilities, fee-basis colonoscopy patients had lower ADRs (38% vs 52%; P P P P = .03). Conclusions In this regional study (Northern New England), compliance with colonoscopy surveillance guidelines was high in both VA and non-VA settings; however, lower ADRs raise concern that referring veterans outside the VA system may impact colonoscopy quality.
Upcoming Wind Tunnel Tests Investigating the Goldschmied Propulsor Concept

A wind tunnel test of a Goldschmied propulsor will be completed in the Cal Poly 3’ by 4’ low speed wind tunnel at a Reynolds number of approximately 2.25x10 6 . The axi-symmetric model has a discrete suction slot at 85% of the length and a fineness ratio of 2.8. The model is meant to take advantage of aerodynamic benefits from Boundary Layer Control to prevent separation and increase the pressure recover on the aft body, as well as from Boundary Layer Ingestion to increase propulsive efficiency. This wind tunnel test will specifically quantify the influence of the suction slot width and suction flow rate on the net longitudinal force of the model, and propulsive efficiency differences between the Goldschmied propulsor concept and a traditional propulsion system. Due to a delay of funding, this project is currently concluding the model manufacturing phase, with the wind tunnel testing to be completed by the end of 2011.
Ultra-Micro Aqua Bioreactor Systems for Modifying Edible Oils and Fats

Practical solvent-free bioreactor systems using immobilized lipases have been constructed to convert palm oil to high quality foodstuff oil without quality deterioration through hydrolysis of triglycerides in oil. To avoid hydrolysis, moisture level of substrate oil has to be maintained at less than the solubility level of water in oil, which we call ultra-micro aqueous level. On the otherhand, lipase is well known to manifest its activities mostly at the interface between oil and water phases. To make lipase manifest its activities at the ultra-micro aqueous oil phase, the novel bioreactor systems with the new immobilizing method of lipase together with activator onto hydrophylic carriers, and without a drying procedure have been developed. These biochemical accomplishments show high promises for efficient convertion of edible fats and oils to highly valuable foodstuff, which can not be attained by means of chemical or physical methods.
Host Influence on the Bionomics of Trichogramma minutum

The effect of host on the bionomics of Trichogramma minutum Riley was evaluated by comparing eggs of Trichoplusia ni (HA¼bner) and Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) as hosts. Eggs of T. ni produced 2.45 times more parasite females than eggs of Sitotroga when stung individually and 2.27 times more females when stung in colonies. Parasite females from T. ni eggs were more fecund than those from Sitotroga eggs when both groups of females were attacking T. ni eggs, but the difference was nonsignificant when females from both hosts were attacking Sitotroga eggs or when they were attacking the species of host from which they were reared. Abdominal width greatly affected fecundity, but females from Sitotroga eggs were more fecund than females of the same size from T. ni eggs. Parasite females from Sitotroga eggs lived 1.35 times longer than females from T. ni eggs when only water was provided, but the difference was nonsignificant when diluted honey was fed. Parasite females from T. ni searched 1.97, 1.43, and 1.33 times more area than females from Sitotroga eggs. Thus, an egg of T. ni would provide parasite females traveling 2.60 times farther than females from an egg of Sitotroga. However, cost per million meters traveled would be 5.27 times greater with T. ni eggs than with Sitotroga eggs, because T. ni eggs cost more to produce.
Exploring Self-Efficacy in Education Leadership Programs: What Makes the Difference?

Despite attention given to principal preparation program reform, little research exists explaining how candidates develop self-efficacy or how preparation programs contribute to self-efficacy devel...
A Rapid Data Validation Method for the GoldenGate Disaster Recovery System

Data is a core part of a disaster recovery system. Using the GoldenGate software platform, this paper proposes a data management and validation method applicable to the disaster recovery system, which can rapidly validate the integrality and consistency and analyze its feasibility. The proposed method is helpful to improve backup data quality.
Learning partial policies to speedup MDP tree search

A popular approach for online decision making in large MDPs is time-bounded tree search. The effectiveness of tree search, however, is largely influenced by the action branching factor, which limits the search depth given a time bound. An obvious way to reduce action branching is to consider only a subset of potentially good actions at each state as specified by a provided partial policy. In this work, we consider offline learning of such partial policies with the goal of speeding up search without significantly reducing decision-making quality. Our first contribution is to study learning algorithms based on reducing our learning problem to i.i.d. supervised learning. We give a reduction-style analysis of three such algorithms, each making different assumptions, which relates the supervised learning objectives to the sub-optimality of search using the learned partial policies. Our second contribution is to describe concrete implementations of the algorithms within the popular framework of Monte-Carlo tree search. Finally, the third contribution is to evaluate the learning algorithms in two challenging MDPs with large action branching factors, showing that the learned partial policies can significantly improve the anytime performance of Monte-Carlo tree search.
Effects of Arginine Vasopressin on Capillary Filtration in the Cat Ileum

The effect of local intraarterial infusion of arginine vasopressin was studied in a vascularly perfused segment of cat ileum. Systemic arterial pressure (Pa), superior mesenteric arterial pressure (Pma), superior mesenteric venous pressure (Pv), blood flow (QB) and intestinal volume (V) were continuously monitored. Intestinal lymph flow (QL), lymphatic protein clearance (LPC), isovolumetric capillary pressure (Pc), capillary filtration coefficient (KF,C) and vascular resistances were also determined. A dose-response relationship was obtained for several parameters and a dosage of 17.5 mU per kg per min was chosen for more extensive study. At this level vasopressin was found to increase both systemic (Pa) and local (Pma) arterial pressures while decreasing superior mesenteric venous pressure (Pv), capillary pressure (Pc) and blood flow (QB). Precapillary (Ra), postcapillary (RJ, and total (R) vascular resistance were all increased during the vasopressin infusion; however, a greater effect was demonstrated on the precapillary vessels as indicated by an increased pre- to postcapillary resistance ratio (Ra/Rv). Vasopressin infusion also reduced the capillary filtration coefficient(KF,C), intestinal volume (VT), lymph flow (QL) and lymphatic protein clearance (LPC). The results of this study clearly establish an effect of vasopressin on transcapillary and lymphatic volume flows in the small intestine.
Congenital curvature of the penis without hypospadias.

SUMMARY A series of 18 cases of congenital curvature of the penis without hypospadias is reviewed. Two types of curvature are differentiated. One type (12 cases) without any other anomaly of the penis is treated by a single-stage operation without involving the urethra. In the second type (6 cases), the curvature is associated with hypoplasia of the urethra on a more or less long portion, and it has to be treated as a concealed hypospadias.
Theory of Mind (Neural Basis)

The externally observable components of human actions carry only a tiny fraction of the information that matters. Human observers are vastly more interested in perceiving or inferring the mental states the beliefs, desires and intentions that lie behind the observable shell. If a person checks her watch, is she uncertain about the time, late for an appointment, or bored with the conversation? If a person shoots his friend on a hunting trip, did he intend revenge or just mistake his friend for a partridge? The mechanism people use to infer and reason about another person’s states of mind is called a ‘Theory of Mind’ (ToM). One of the most striking discoveries of recent human cognitive neuroscience is that there is a group of brain regions in human cortex that selectively and specifically underlie this mechanism.
Harvesting Inconsistent Security Configurations in Custom Android ROMs via Differential Analysis.

Android customization offers substantially different experiences and rich functionalities to users. Every party in the customization chain, such as vendors and carriers, modify the OS and the pre-installed apps to tailor their devices for a variety of models, regions, and custom services. However, these modifications do not come at no cost. Several existing studies demonstrate that modifying security configurations during the customization brings in critical security vulnerabilities. Albeit these serious consequences, little has been done to systematically study how Android customization can lead to security problems, and how severe the situation is. In this work, we systematically identified security features that, if altered during the customization, can introduce potential risks. We conducted a large scale differential analysis on 591 custom images to detect inconsistent security features. Our results show that these discrepancies are indeed prevalent among our collected images. We have further identified several risky patterns that warrant further investigation. We have designed attacks on real devices and confirmed that these inconsistencies can indeed lead to actual security breaches.
The Enterobacteria, Second Edition

The Enterobacteria, 2nd Edition provides a comprehensive examination of current research on every genus in the family Enterobacteriaceae. A host of diagnostic tables, reference charts, color plates, and various other laboratory resources, this revised reference is an important source of information from microbiologists, lab directors, pathologists, and infectious disease specialists. The Enterobacteria, 2nd Edition presents complete medical information on each genus, including taxonomy, epidemiology, infectious disease spectrum, identification, pathogenicity, and antimicrobial susceptibility. Additionally, this new volume presents unique information on procedures and protocols for identification of atypical or unusual variants of each species. Select new features of the second edition are use of the genome sequence as a means of identification and classification, coverage of the reclassified genus Plesiomonas, and a brand-new appendix containing differential biochemical tables. Electronic only, 411 pages, full-color insert, illustrations, index.
Polarization for Reactions in the 7Li System

Recent measurements1,2 indicate large polarization effects are present in the 4He(\(\vec t\),t)4He and 4He(t, \(\vec n\))6Li reactions at energies corresponding to Et between 10 and 11 MeV. We show that these large polarization effects are predicted by a multichannel R-matrix analysis3, the parameters of which are consistent with the current 7Li level scheme. Other polarization predictions from the analysis are presented and discussed.
The Simon-Ehrlich Bet: Teaching Relative Vs. Absolute Scarcity:

Absolute resource scarcity is all too real for many students, especially those from noneconomic disciplines. They have a Malthusian economic worldview. We describe a pedagogical model using “The Bet” between Paul Ehrlich and Julian Simon as its focus. The model includes a “Bet” – the students taking the Ehrlich position; a directed discussion providing students with an approach to determine who wins the Bet; and a written assignment, oral presentations, and reflection. The learning outcomes are: 1) students examine their Malthusian beliefs through developing hypotheses, analyzing and testing them, and writing and presenting their conclusions orally; 2) that market's incorporate changes in substitutes, technology, recycling, and discovery; 3) that market prices rise and fall in the short term but it is the long term that illustrates how markets respond to changes in information; and 4) students reflect critically on their initial absolute scarcity assertion.
Topics of Marital Conflict in the Everyday Lives of Empty Nest Couples and Their Implications for Conflict Resolution

To improve our understanding of marriage experiences during midlife, diary reports of naturalistic marital conflict were collected from 55 couples who were parents of grown children who had left th...
Google aims for quantum computing supremacy [News]

Quantum computers have long held the promise of performing certain calculations that are impossible- or at least, entirely impractical-for even the most powerful conventional computers to perform. Now, researchers at a Google laboratory in Goleta, Calif., may finally be on the cusp of proving it, using the same kinds of quantum bits, or qubits, that one day could make up largescale quantum machines. By the end of this year, the team aims to increase the number of superconducting qubits it builds on integrated circuits to create a 7-by-7 array. With this quantum IC, the Google researchers aim to perform operations at the edge of what's possible with even the best supercomputers, and so demonstrate "quantum supremacy."
Degenerative Arthritis of the Hand

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a very prevalent orthopedic pathology and is most commonly found in the hand. While hand OA can be found throughout any population, its prevalence increases considerably as people age. As with any joint affected by OA, degeneration of the digital joints progresses with cartilage destruction and joint space narrowing, accompanied by bony changes, including subchondral sclerosis, marginal osteophyte formation, and cyst development. While the radiographic incidence of hand OA is quite high, only about 8% of those with OA on X-ray will experience symptoms, which primarily consist of pain and decreased ROM/strength. The joints most frequently involved in the hand are the DIP, first CMC, and PIP joints (in that order, respectively). The DIP and PIP joints can develop characteristic nodules known as Heberden’s and Bouchard’s nodes, respectively. Chronic first CMC OA, caused by attenuation of the anterior oblique ligament, can lead to a characteristic hyperextension deformity of the first MCP joint. The first line of treatment for hand OA consists of the conservative management of symptoms with rest, immobilization, therapy, NSAIDs, and sometimes injections. If surgical intervention is necessary, arthrodesis and arthroplasty are options in the IP joints. In regard to the first CMC joint, a variety of surgeries exist, but the most common intervention typically involves some variation of trapeziectomy with interposition of a tendon graft.
Spatial autocorrelation of Neogene-Quaternary lava along the Snake River Plain, Idaho, USA

The sequence of eruption, spatial pattern, and spatio-temporal relationships among the Neogene-Quaternary rhyolitic and basaltic lava along the Snake River Plain (SRP) in Idaho are analyzed applying the spatial methods of global and local Moran’s I, standard deviational ellipse, and Ripley’s K-function. The results of the analyses by the Moran’s I and K-function methods indicate a higher spatial autocorrelation, hence clustering, of rhyolitic lava compared to the more dispersed basaltic lava in each center of eruption along the SRP. The clustered nature of rhyolitic lava around each caldera either reflects the original spread and large thickness of the rhyolitic lava, or the absence of younger cover strata or lava like the distribution of rhyolite in the present caldera at the Yellowstone National Park. The standard deviational ellipses (SDEs) of the lavas indicate that younger basaltic lava that erupted from newer calderas overlapped older rhyolitic and basaltic lava as the position of the Yellowstone hotspot progressively migrated to the northeast along the SRP. The less eccentric SDEs of rhyolitic lava in each caldera probably reflect the original caldera-scale spread of viscous felsic lava, compared to the more eccentric and larger SDEs of basaltic lava which represent basalt’s wider and more directed spread due to its higher fluidity and ability to flow longer distances along the trend of the SRP. The alignment of the long axes of the lava SDEs with the trend of the Eastern SRP and the trend of systematic spatial overlap of older lava by successively younger basaltic lava corroborate the previously reported migration of the centers of eruption along the ESRP as the Yellowstone hotspot migrated to the northeast.
Longitudinal changes in cognition in young adult cannabis users

Introduction: Adolescent cannabis use (CU) is associated with impaired attention, executive function, and verbal learning/memory. These associations are generally observed in cross-sectional studie...
Normal and Variant Mesenteric Anatomy

The mesenteric vascular supply is a combination of rich collateral networks and commonly encountered variant anatomy. The effect of normal and variant anatomy has implications on pathology, treatment choices, and planning interventions. The goal of this chapter is to review the standard vascular anatomy with details of the potential collateral systems that may be present. Finally, a review of anatomic variants will assist in understanding the implications of abnormal anatomy on treatment for diseases associated with the mesentery.
Introduction: Technologies of Fire in Nineteenth-Century British Culture

Cultural histories of nineteenth-century Britain have studied the important physical and psychological transformations caused by the industrialization of light. Gaslight, though discovered prior to the nineteenth century, became aligned with the era’s narratives of national and industrial progress, an arc that, one might argue, culminated in the growing popularity of electric light at the end of the century. Yet, despite these new technologies of ‘artificial light’, ‘natural’ wood and coal fires remained popular in British culture. This issue explores fire as a visual and narrative technology in art, literature, and public displays by examining the ways in which it evoked competing symbolic values, such as primitivism and modernity, vitality and destruction, intimacy and spectacle. The reading order mixes articles and shorter pieces together to demonstrate the continuities of fire across various sites, including: the domestic fireside, the tallow candle, theatrical conflagrations, Turner’s fires, fireworks, funeral pyres, subterranean fire, solar fire, and a coal-ship fire.
A Family of Step-Up Resonant Switched-Capacitor Converter With a Continuously Adjustable Conversion Ratio

In this paper, a family of step-up resonant switched-capacitor converters (RSCs) with a continuously adjustable conversion ratio is proposed based on the Cuk dual-resonance core (DRC) featuring two resonant paths. By adopting the on-time fixed frequency modulation, the two resonant paths can conduct simultaneously and satisfy the charge balance of the flying capacitor during the overlapping period. As a result, the conversion ratio—upper bounded by two determined by the circuit configuration—can vary continuously and efficiently even at the light load condition (1/10 of the rated power). A comprehensive analysis—the operation principle, voltage-gain curve, and voltage/current stresses—about the DRC is given. In addition, the Cuk DRC was extended to the series–parallel switched-capacitor converter (SCC), Fibonacci SCC, and voltage doubler to form a family of step-up RSCs, whose voltage-gain curves of different topologies are derived. Moreover, a characteristic comparison between the Cuk DRC and the traditional “direct” and “indirect” resonant core is given. Then, a 48 to 62–94.6 V resonant core with peak efficiency 97.8% and maximum power 120 W under the open loop condition was built. The analyses were verified by both experimental and simulation results.
Social Responsibility and the Moral Obligation Toward Providing Healthcare: An Islamic Ethico-legal Analysis

In this essay, I present an Islamic ethico-legal perspective on the relationships between social responsibility and the state’s provision of healthcare as part of a continuing dialogue between academics, policy stakeholders, and representatives of religious communities about the UNESCO Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights (UNESCO 2006). I briefly recount the notion of human rights in an Islamic moral universe and then proceed to describing conceptual analogues within the Islamic tradition for the principles of social responsibility and community obligation. I use these to construct an argument for the state’s obligation to provide a certain type of healthcare to its citizenry. I next relate two real-world examples of Muslim stakeholders operationalizing the Islamic ethos of community obligation regarding health through servicing the religious needs of Muslim patients. By incorporating both theological and applied ethics in this commentary, I hope to bring into view the concordances and discordances between the Islamic ethico-legal tradition (in theory and practice) and the theoretical underpinnings of human rights doctrine and its related bioethics discourses.
Exploring the Role of Depression as a Moderator of a Workplace Obesity Intervention for Latino Immigrant Farmworkers.

We explored if and how depression moderated the treatment effect of Pasos Saludables, a successful pilot workplace obesity intervention for Latino immigrant farmworkers. The original randomized controlled study assigned 254 participants 2:1 to a 10-session educational intervention versus control. We assessed the relationship between change in BMI (primary outcome) and interaction of treatment allocation and baseline risk for depression. Baseline CES-D scores indicated that 27.3% of participants were at risk for depression. The interaction between treatment allocation and baseline risk for depression was significant (p = 0.004). In adjusted models among women, intervention participants with no indication of depression at baseline reduced their BMI by 0.77 on average (95% CI − 1.25, − 0.30) compared to controls. The reduction im BMI between the intervention group at risk for depression at baseline and either control was not significantly different from zero. Findings from our post-hoc, exploratory study indicate that depression may inhibit significant weight loss.
Oral Psoralen Photochemotherapy for Psoriasis

Treatment of psoriasis with oral 8-methoxypsoralen and long-wave ultraviolet radiation (UV A) was first described a decade ago. This treatment has been used by tens of thousands of patients and is known as PUVA. More than 90 per cent of patients with severe plaque-type psoriasis clear after treatments with PUV A. The principal long-term risk of this treatment is a dose-related increase in the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin.
Dynamic Traffic Assignment: A Survey of Mathematical Models and Techniques

This paper presents a survey of the mathematical methods used for modeling and solutions for the traffic assignment problem. It covers the static (steady-state) traffic assignment techniques as well as dynamic traffic assignment in lumped parameter and distributed parameter settings. Moreover, it also surveys simulation-based solutions. The paper shows the models for static assignment, variational inequality method, projection dynamics for dynamic travel routing, discrete time and continuous time dynamic traffic assignment, and macroscopic dynamic traffic assignment (DTA). The paper then presents the macroscopic DTA in terms of the Wardrop principle and derives a partial differential equation for experienced travel time function that can be integrated with the macroscopic DTA framework.
Representations of Reductive Normal Algebraic Monoids

The rational representation theory of a reductive normal algebraic monoid (with one-dimensional center) forms a highest weight category, in the sense of Cline, Parshall, and Scott. This is a fundamental fact about the representation theory of reductive normal algebraic monoids. We survey how this result was obtained, and treat some natural examples coming from classical groups.
Circulation in the Pregnant Uterus

The primary blood supply to the uterus is the uterine artery, a major branch of the hypogastric or internal iliac artery. In the fetus this same hypogastric artery gives rise to the umbilical artery, which delivers nearly 50% of the cardiac output to the placenta. This fact is mentioned in order to stress the remarkable capability of this particular portion of the vascular system to accommodate a tremendous increase in blood flow during pregnancy. The uterine arteries descend for a short distance (about 4 cm) after dividing from the hypogastric (internal iliac) artery. In the base of the broad ligament, the uterine artery progresses medially, crossing anterior to the ureter about 2 cm lateral to its division into the cervicovaginal artery and the ascending uterine artery at the level of the supravaginal portion of the cervix. The ascending branch runs a tortuous course along the lateral margin of the uterus, providing a major branch to the upper portion of the cervix and eight to 24 arcuate branches to the uterus1 (Fig. 1). The tortuosity of the uterine artery as it traverses the broad ligament and as it ascends the uterus is directly related to the woman′s parity. The arteries of parous women assume a much more convoluted and tortuous course.
Client Opinions of WAIS Interpretations

(1968). Client Opinions of WAIS Interpretations. Measurement and Evaluation in Guidance: Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 168-172.
Using Theory to Evaluate the Implementation and Integration of an Expanded School Breakfast Program in Rural Midwestern High Schools.

Abstract Objective Use Normalization Process Theory to evaluate the implementation and integration of the expanded School Breakfast Program (SBP). Design Interviews were conducted during the 2014–2015 school year. Normalization Process Theory guided the interview questions. Setting Rural high schools in Minnesota. Participants Interviews were conducted with 12 foodservice directors and 11 principals from the Project Break–Fueling Academics and Strengthening Teens intervention. Four of the 12 schools were in their first year of providing the expanded SBP program to their students whereas 8 were in their second year. Phenomenon of Interest Normalization Process Theory was used to evaluate the implementation and integration of the expanded SBP into rural Midwestern high schools. Analysis Three members of the research team used NVivo 10 software to code and analyze the interviews. Emerged themes were reported. Results Modifying the SBP aligned with values of the study participants (coherence). Support was obtained from staff, students, and community members (cognitive participation). Operational work occurred in each school to establish and integrate the modified SBP (collective action). The SBP expansion was assessed through student participation rates (reflexive monitoring). Conclusions and Implications Normalization Process Theory can be used to evaluate the implementation, embedding, and integration of a modified SBP into a school program. This evaluation can support other schools in modifying and embedding their SBPs into their school environment.
What do surviving children wish for from a dying parent? A qualitative exploration

Legacy may play an important role in how children integrate the loss of a parent. Sixteen adults (19-40 years old, 69% women) who experienced the death of a parent from an illness before age 12 were interviewed, exploring legacies from their deceased parent. Transcribed interviews were iteratively analyzed by three independent coders. Extracted themes described their experiences and wish for remembrances and specific communication left for them, information about the parent's values and feelings about them, and personal possessions. This study provides novel data about legacies that bereaved children wish for in adulthood.
Inhaled corticosteroids prescriptions increased in the ED for recurrent asthma exacerbations by automated electronic reminders in the ED.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of an electronic alert on the prescription rate of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) by ED providers for poorly controlled persistent a...
Heartbeat: armed conflict and cardiovascular disease.

Armed conflict affects a substantial number of people worldwide and often interferes with efforts to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease (CVD). Jawad and colleagues1 performed a systematic review that included 66 studies of adult civilian populations from 23 conflicts. Armed conflict was associated with increased blood pressure, lipid levels, and alcohol and tobacco use (figure 1). There also was weak evidence for an association with increased coronary, cerebrovascular and endocrine diseases. The authors conclude that post-conflict reconstruction should include attention to preventative measures to reduce the risk of CVD-related morbidity and mortality. Figure 1 Exposure to armed conflict and non-communicable disease risk—summary of results by broader-level outcomes. Bars for all studies (AS) and moderate-to-high quality studies (MHQS); n=number of studies. blue for increase with armed conflict, orange for decrease and yellow for no change. Ansbro and Perel2 comment in an editorial that ‘This review and a recent review of diabetes care in humanitarian crises both highlight the impact of the increasing global burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) on crisis settings and support advocacy work to bring NCDs, including CVD and the excess crisis-associated risks, squarely onto the agendas of humanitarian and development agencies, funders and the research community.’ Main research priorities include rapid assessment tools, simple diagnostic tools and approaches, individual risk stratification, appropriate models of care, and ensuring availability and affordability of essential …
Integration of Software Defined Radios and Software Defined Networking Towards Reinforcement Learning Enabled Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Networks

Advances in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) enablethe development of many fields. The UAV networking capabilityis vital to the performance of the UAV fleet. However, thefluid characteristics make the UAV networking hard to meetthe requirement of quick response when some UAVs are out ofpower. In this paper, we propose an approach that integrates thesoftware defined radios (SDR) and software defined networking(SDN) to realize the update of UAV networking. We leverage theSDR to update link layer and SDN to manage the networkinglayer, which is driven by reinforcement learning. In our eval-uation, the results show that reinforcement learning can meetthe requirement of network update when some UAVs are out ofpower.
Comprehensive Evaluation of the ICESat-2 ATL08 Terrain Product

Current spaceborne lidar Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat)-2 provides ATL08 product for global terrain height, whose quality properties are yet to be fully understood. This article performs a comprehensive evaluation on its quality by using 3-D elevation program (3DEP) digital elevation model (DEM) and hundreds of survey marks of two counties in the USA. The evaluation is carried out in terms of data specification, survey marks, land cover, season and time (day or night) of acquisition, incidence angle, and terrain slope. The ATL08 height errors are further modeled as a function of laser incidence angle and canopy coverage. It is found out the height from ATL08 product lies between the 3DEP DEM and true ground surface. The uncertainty of ATL08 height is 0.2 m for plain terrain, and 2 m for mountainous terrain where the majority of ATL08 segments are not useful for terrain extraction. The terrain height gets more underestimated by ATL08 products in regions with large terrain slope or incidence angle and more overestimated where the terrain is covered by dense canopy. Furthermore, seasonal variation of terrain height error can be as high as 0.8 m, while the impact of acquisition time is less than 0.3 m. We expect these findings to be informative for the utilization of ATL08 terrain product by worldwide users, and for the improvement of future ATL08 product.
Penalties, Rewards, and Inspection: Provision for Quality in Supply Chain Contracts

Rewards for better quality, penalties for poorer quality, and the type of inspection policy are among the most common quality-related provisions of supply chain contracts. In this paper, we examine the effect of rewards, penalities, and inspection policies on the behaviour of an expected cost minimizing supplier. We assume that the supplier selects a batch size and target quality level in order to meet a buyer's deterministic demand. We show that the reward and/or penalty that motivates a supplier to deliver the buyer's target quality depends upon the inspection policy. We also show that, when sampling inspection is used, penalties and rewards are substitutes for one another in motivating the supplier and that there exists a unique reward/penalty combination at which the buyer's expected cost of quality is zero.
Polymethylmethacrylate wettability change spatially correlates with self-organized streamer microdischarge patterns in dielectric barrier discharge plasmas

Multifunctional polymer surfaces exhibiting both hydrophilic and hydrophobic functionality were created using self-organized plasma “streamer” microdischarges occurring in atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) operating with argon and air. Surface chemistry and wettability change of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were found to spatially correlate with self-organized streamer patterns. Gas atmosphere was found to play a significant role on streamer density, pattern stability, and lateral contrast of plasma-induced physicochemical property changes across the surface. Stable streamer patterns, with each streamer surrounded by a glowlike discharge, were obtained in argon; discharges in air had more transient and chaotic streamers that were surrounded by dark “plasma free”-like zones. Air plasma streamer treatment of PMMA resulted in hybrid hydrophilic/phobic surfaces with water contact angles (WCA) ranging from 30° to 100° (PMMA WCA = 75°), depending on processing conditions and location. WCA and XPS mapping after treatment revealed that surface chemistry is preferentially modified near streamers, and moreover, that streamer exposure in air locally renders the surface more hydrophilic, surrounded by regions that are more hydrophobic. Overall, this work demonstrates that self-organized streamers in DBD plasmas could be used for scalable and localized modification of surfaces.
A 3D modeling workflow to map ultraviolet- and visible-induced luminescent materials on ancient polychrome artifacts

Abstract A 2D visualization approach for ensembles of images comprising RGB and luminescence photographs is traditionally used for studying the structure and chemistry of 3D polychrome ancient objects. Here, a method is presented for visualizing material composition of an object in 3D, providing artistic production information, conservation history, and virtual enhancement of faded, concealed and weathered decoration. The approach is based on the fusion of 2D luminescence forensic photographs with RGB images acquired using principles of structure-from-motion photogrammetry to build 3D models. Its potential is demonstrated in a study of a polychrome Hellenistic terracotta funerary head vase, in which three models of the vase were produced: (1) photorealistic; (2) visible-induced luminescence, mapping Egyptian blue and madder lake; and (3) ultraviolet-induced visible luminescence, revealing surface condition and previous conservation interventions. The workflow advances current approaches in modeling chemical signatures of luminescent pigments, extending their traditional 2D viewing platform into 3D.
3 TISSUE ENGINEERING

Having the tools to build complex 3D structures with living cells opens up a world of possibilities. Perhaps the most immediately compelling possibility is replacing diseased or damaged tissue in the body with engineered tissue that replicates the form and function of healthy tissue. This is the simple yet powerful core mission of the field of tissue engineering, also referred to as regenerative medicine. Using biofabrication tools to reverse engineer our bodily systems has driven many of the seminal advances in this field. 1
Chapter 3 Vibrational Spectroscopy of Light Element Impurities in Semiconductors

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the vibrational spectroscopy of light element impurities in semiconductors. The vibrational spectroscopy of these high-frequency modes has become an important probe of defects in solids as it provides information about defect structure and properties that cannot be obtained by other methods. However, the restriction to lighter impurities than the host atoms is a limitation. Nonetheless, the light elements include important dopants, many of the most common contaminants in semiconductors, and the constituents of common alloys. The chapter describes the linear chain model for local vibrational modes. This model explains how impurity-related vibrational modes reveal information about the microscopic properties of defects. The practical issues involved in the measurement of local mode vibrations by infrared absorption or Raman spectroscopies are discussed.
The Treatment of Nocturnal Enuresis—Where Are We Now?

Nocturnal enuresis is a common problem in childhood that occurs in approximately 8% of 8-year-olds. Although our knowledge about the etiology, treatment, and benefits of treatment in enuresis has grown, expert consensus in these three areas remains elusive. During the past several years pediatricians have been confronted with a considerable amount of publicity and advertising related to the treatment of enuresis with desmopressin acetate (DDAVP). The information surge regarding enuresis has left many pediatricians confused as to appropriate intervention strategies to be considered in the management of this very common childhood malady. ETIOLOGY OF NOCTURNAL ENURESIS—WHAT DO WE KNOW? Although there clearly are diseases and structural abnormalities that can cause enuresis, the etiology in most children with enuresis remains unclear.
Expanded infectious diseases screening program for Hispanic transplant candidates

Most guidelines for pre-transplant screening recommend enhanced screening among patients with potential exposure to such pathogens as Strongyloides stercoralis and Trypanosoma cruzi, the cause of Chagas disease. The incidence of these diseases in the Hispanic immigrant population has not been extensively studied. Transplant candidates who were evaluated by our program's Hispanic Transplant Program were referred for expanded infectious disease screening including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, S. stercoralis, Leishmania, and T. cruzi. Between December 2006 and December 2008, 83 patients were screened. Most were from Mexico but we also screened patients from Ecuador, Puerto Rico, and Peru. Most patients lived in urban locations before moving to the United States. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) was found in 20%, and 6.7% had serologic evidence of S. stercoralis infection. These patients underwent treatment of latent infection without difficulty. To date, 14 patients have undergone living-donor kidney transplantation. Two of these patients had positive Leishmania titers and are being followed clinically, 1 was treated for S. stercoralis, and 2 were treated for LTBI pre-transplant. All have done well without evidence of screened pathogens an average of 348 days (range 65-766 days) post transplant. Expanded screening identifies endemic infections in the Hispanic immigrant population that can be treated before transplant, thereby minimizing post-transplant infectious complications.
An effective community-based mentoring program for return to work and school after brain and spinal cord injury

Information is presented on a community-based mentoring program, developed to work with existing community agencies and provide structure to the frequently confusing network of services for young adults, ages 16 to 26 years, with a recently acquired disability including TBI, SCI, and other neurological disorders. The over-arching goal of the Mentoring Program was to improve the ability of individuals with disabilities to access and maximally utilize the services and programs that are available in the community. The two objectives of this study were: (1) to demonstrate continuing increases in standardized measures of community integration from the time of enrollment in the program to the time of exit from the program, and (2) to improve the percentage of youth and young adults with disabilities who successfully access post-secondary education or employment opportunities. 53 participants had post-secondary education as a goal. 12 participants had an employment goal. 12 participants had both education and employment as a combined goal. It was not uncommon for participants to change goals. Of those with education goals, 23/53 achieved educational goals and 7/53 achieved employment goals. Of those with vocational goals, 5/12 achieved vocational goals and 1/12 achieved educational goals. Of those with both goals, 5/12 achieved educational goals and 1/12 achieved vocational goals. Significant community integration and independence improvements were noted for program participants (CHART Mobility and Cognitive Independence, M2PI, DRS, and SRS). Overall, findings suggest that mentoring can be beneficial toward achieving the goals of post-secondary education, employment and community independence for individuals with disabilities; specifically those with traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury and other neurological disorders.