cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Bioorthogonal Fluorophore Linked DFO–Technology Enabling Facile Chelator Quantification and Multimodal Imaging of Antibodies

Herein we describe the development and application of a bioorthogonal fluorogenic chelate linker that can be used for facile creation of labeled imaging agents. The chelate linker is based on the trans-cyclooctene(TCO)-tetrazine(Tz) chemistry platform and incorporates deferoxamine (DFO) as a (89)Zr PET tracer and a BODIPY fluorophore for multimodal imaging. The rapid (<3 min) ligation between mAb-TCO and Tz-BODIPY-DFO chelator is monitored using fluorescence and allows for determination of labeling completion. Utilizing BODIPY as the linker between mAb and DFO facilitates in chelator quantification using spectrophotometry, allowing for an alternative to traditional methods (mass and isotope dilution assay). Radiolabeling with (89)Zr to form (89)Zr-DFO-BODIPY-trastuzumab was found to be quantitative after incubation at room temperature for 1 h (1.5 mCi/mg specific activity). The cell binding assay using HER2+ (BT474) and HER2- (BT20) cell lines showed significant binding to (89)Zr-DFO-BODIPY-trastuzumab (6.45 ± 1.87% in BT474 versus 1.47 ± 0.39% in BT20). In vivo PET imaging of mice bearing BT20 or BT474 xenografts with (89)Zr-DFO-BODIPY-trastuzumab showed high tumor conspicuity, and biodistribution confirmed excellent, specific probe uptake of 237.3 ± 14.5% ID/g in BT474 xenografts compared to low, nonspecific probe uptake in BT20 xenografts (16.4 ± 5.6% ID/g) 96 h p.i. . Ex vivo fluorescence (465ex/520em) of selected tissues confirmed superb target localization and persistence of the fluorescence of (89)Zr-DFO-BODIPY-trastuzumab. The described platform is universally adaptable for simple antibody labeling.
Abstract P375: Decade Long Trends in the Magnitude, Treatment, and Outcomes of Young Adults Hospitalized with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Background: Although acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurs primarily in the elderly, this disease also affects young adults. Few studies have, however, presented data on relatively young patients hospitalized with AMI. The objectives of this population-based study were to examine recent trends in the magnitude, management, and in-hospital and long-term-outcomes associated with either an initial ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) in patients between the ages of 30-54 years old. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 745 residents of the Worcester (MA) metropolitan area between the ages of 30 and 54 years who were hospitalized for an initial STEMI or NSTEMI in 6 annual periods between 1997 and 2007 at 11 greater Worcester medical centers. Results: Between 1997 and 2007, the proportion of young adults hospitalized with an initial STEMI decreased from approximately two-thirds to two-fifths of all patients. Patients with STEMI were less likely to have a history of heart failure, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and kidney disease than NSTEMI patients. Both groups were similarly treated with evidence-based therapies during their acute hospitalization with encouraging trends in the prescribing of various cardiac medications observed over time (Figures 1A and B). Important in-hospital clinical complications and mortality were low and no significant differences in these endpoints were observed between STEMI and NSTEMI patients. One year post-discharge death rates were also similar in both groups (1.9% vs. 2.8%). Conclusion: The present results demonstrate recent decreases in the proportion of relatively young patients diagnosed with an initial STEMI. Patients with STEMI and NSTEMI had similar in-hospital outcomes and long-term survival. Trends in these and other important outcomes warrant continued monitoring. ![][1] [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Fate of Effluent-Borne Nitrogen in the Mounded Drainfield of an Onsite Wastewater Treatment System

Onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS), commonly known as septic systems, are increasingly recognized as a potential source of nitrogen in the shallow groundwater. Our objective was to investigate the effect of hydrological and biogeochemical factors in the vadose zone on the fate of effluent-borne N in the drainfields of a drip-dispersal OWTS. Three lysimeters (152.4 cm long, 91.4 cm wide, and 91.4 cm high) were constructed using pressure-treated wood to mimic OWTS drainfields. Each lysimeter had three distinct layers of gravel–sand mixture, soil, and commercial sand. A drip tube, which was covered with commercial sand before planting St. Augustine grass ( Stenotaphrum Trin.) on the top and sides of the lysimeters, dispersed 9 L of septic tank effluent (STE) per day on top of the stacked layers. Each lysimeter was instrumented with 10 multi-probe sensors to determine the water content, electrical conductivity (EC), and temperature in the center and sides of sand and soil layers. Leachate samples were collected over 67 events, which consisted of one sample every 24 h for 15 d ( n = 15) and weekly flow-weighted composite samples ( n = 52). In all events, the pH, EC, and chloride were lower in the leachate than STE. Daily multi-probe data showed that EC was greater in the center than sides of the lysimeters due to more STE interaction. Sensor water content data were used to calculate water filled porosity (WFP), which was greater in the soil (0.55–0.9) than sand (0.07–0.32) due to the textural differences. Mean total N was 70 mg L−1 in the STE, which reduced to 27.4 mg L−1 in the leachate likely due to the denitrification in the soil layer. The dominance of NO x –N in the leachate (61%) as compared to STE (0.6%) was attributed to the nitrification in the sand layer. Higher proportion of organic N in the leachate (39%) than STE (16%) suggests that organic N was mobile in the vadose zone and leached below the drainfields. We conclude that hydrological and biogeochemical controls in the vadose zone play an important role in N transformations and transport of NO x –N and organic N below OWTS drainfields.
Infants’ background television exposure during play: Negative relations to the quantity and quality of mothers’ speech and infants’ vocabulary acquisition:

Research on immediate effects of background television during mother–infant toy play shows that an operating television in the room disrupts maternal communicative behaviors crucial for infants’ vo...
The ‘right to know vs knowing what’s right’: tabloid ethics and news reporting in the Iraq War:

This article describes how ‘tabloid ethics’ have infiltrated and transformed traditional notions of journalistic objectivity and is divided into four parts.The first part describes the development ...
Nonlinear buckling of built-up cold-formed sections

An extensive numerical analysis was conducted to investigate the nonlinear buckling of built-up cold-formed sections. This paper presents the calibration of nonlinear finite element models to handle nonlinear buckling behaviour of cold-formed steel sections with geometrically unstable configurations. The two nonlinear finite element packages ANSYS and ABAQUS were used to validate 265 experimental tests. Two different numerical schemes (implicit static and explicit dynamic) under various iterative and non-iterative solution techniques, including Newton-Raphson, Arc-Length, Riks, and Central-Difference integration methods, were adopted to produce reliable solutions. Overall, the numerical analysis estimated the experimental results reasonably well with an adjustment factor of 0.88.
Developing Processes of Direct Current Partial Discharge of Defects on Ultra High Voltage Converter Transformer Oil-paper Insulation

The direct-current(DC) withstand voltage of ultra high voltage(UHV) converter transformer is high and defects of insulators degrade rapidly.However,the developing process of the defects cannot be diagnosed only by partial discharge(PD) and discharge times.Thus,the developing process and characteristics of the defects on ultra high voltage converter transformer oil-paper insulation were researched,and seven common defects models were established.The high voltage was increased step-by-step from PD inception voltage until the model was broken down,and the pulse current signal's real-time characteristics and statistical properties during the developing processes of defects were obtained.The cauterization on the board surface of the models under different phases was recorded by photos to study their changing processes;meanwhile,the spatial distribution of the electric field under different phases was obtained.The results show that the PD under DC condition has a complicated developing process: it is consisted of mainly large pulse discharges with a low frequency and random waiting-recovery times at the initial stage;the pulse discharge becomes smaller and the waiting-recovery time has a uniform distribution at the middle stage;and then the waiting recovery time tends to focus at a certain value at critical stage till breaks down.Combined with the DC partial discharge test of different models,it is concluded that,regardless of the defect structure,the partial discharge follows an identical development trend from PD inception voltage until the model breaks down.
Epidemic Status of Hand-food-mouth Disease in Qingbaijiang District,2009-2013

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand- foot- mouth disease( HFMD) in Qingbaijiang district of Chengdu from 2009 to 2013,and to provide references for formulating and improving prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was adopted to analyze the data of HFMD disease in Qingbaijiang district during the period. Results Altogether 2 802 HFMD cases were reported during 2009- 2013 in Qingbaijiang district,with an average annual incidence 139. 37 /105,listed as the top of all notifiable diseases in the district. In 2013,627 cases were reported,with 24 severe cases and one death. The gender ratio of male to female was 1. 48∶ 1. HFMD cases with age of 1- 3 years old took 78. 59% of the total. The scattered children took the greatest portion( 51. 43%),followed by kindergarten children( 46. 07%). Cases were reported all through the year,and peaked in March to July and in October to December. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Qingbaijiang district stays at a relatively high level through the past 4 year. The prevention and control work should be thoroughly carried out to effectively control the prevalence of this disease.
Primary definitive repair of type B interrupted aortic arch, ventricular septal defect, and patient ductus arteriosus. Early and late results.

Since March, 1974, eight patients, aged 7 days to 5 months, with type B interrupted aortic arch (IAA), ventricular septal defect (VSD), and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) were treated at the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center and the University of Maryland Hospital. Six of these patients underwent definitive repair utilizing deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest. Correction involved resection of all ductal tissue, primary anastomosis of the aortic arch, closure of the foramen ovale, and patch closure of the VSD. In five patients, all arch vessels were preserved and no prosthetic material was used to reconstruct the aortic arch. One patient died 48 hours postoperatively of a coagulopathy. All others survived more than 30 days. One patient, 3½ months old at repair, had undergone pulmonary artery banding at another institution at ll*** days of age; he died of recurrent respiratory infections 8 months after correction. Three patients are alive and well 3 to 6 years after repair. Two have undergone repeat cardiac catheterization which demonstrated good growth of the anastomosis and no residual gradient. Primary definitive correction of type B IAA with VSD and PDA provides distinct advantages over palliative or other surgical procedures with excellent long-term results.
Genomics and Spirituality

Abstract Genomics and its interpretation through spirituality are open for debate. Three topics are raised and discussed in this chapter. First, it is argued that genomics stresses the unity of all life. Organisms including humans are part of a shared web or network. This reflection can be deeply inspiring. Second, variation is the constant theme in the living world, including in the world of humans. This can be both a threat and a challenge. Taken positively, it can be truly inspiring. Third, we see that life is so much more than isolated molecules moving aimlessly. Without necessarily invoking a deity, we have a world that thrills as it is understood in greater and greater detail. This is true spirituality.
Vaccination Strategies for Small Worlds

Infectious diseases are a serious threat to our health. Vaccination often can prevent their spread, but typically it is not feasible to vaccinate absolutely everyone. Sometimes it is necessary to carefully target the group of individuals to whom a limited supply of vaccine should be administered in order to achieve the largest amount of overall protection for the whole population. A method for choosing the group to be targeted for maximal effect is called a vaccination strategy. The development of optimal vaccination strategies leads to interesting mathematical problems and requires some knowledge of the contact network of the given population. Here we focus on contact networks that are so-called small-world networks. Through a sequence of background information and preliminary exercises, we take the readers to the point where they can explore some open research problems that are formulated in the last section.
The impact of secure messaging on workflow in primary care: Results of a multiple-case, multiple-method study

Abstract Introduction Secure messaging is a relatively new addition to health information technology (IT). Several studies have examined the impact of secure messaging on (clinical) outcomes but very few studies have examined the impact on workflow in primary care clinics. In this study we examined the impact of secure messaging on workflow of clinicians, staff and patients. Methods We used a multiple case study design with multiple data collections methods (observation, interviews and survey). Results Results show that secure messaging has the potential to improve communication and information flow and the organization of work in primary care clinics, partly due to the possibility of asynchronous communication. However, secure messaging can also have a negative effect on communication and increase workload, especially if patients send messages that are not appropriate for the secure messaging medium (for example, messages that are too long, complex, ambiguous, or inappropriate). Results show that clinicians are ambivalent about secure messaging. Secure messaging can add to their workload, especially if there is high message volume, and currently they are not compensated for these activities. Staff is −especially compared to clinicians- relatively positive about secure messaging and patients are overall very satisfied with secure messaging. Finally, clinicians, staff and patients think that secure messaging can have a positive effect on quality of care and patient safety. Conclusion Secure messaging is a tool that has the potential to improve communication and information flow. However, the potential of secure messaging to improve workflow is dependent on the way it is implemented and used.
Sources and Persistence of Fecal Indicator Bacteria and Bacteroidales in Sand as Measured by Culture-Based and Culture-Independent Methods: a Case Study at Santa Monica Pier, California

This study investigated causes of persistent fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in beach sand under the pier in Santa Monica, CA. FIB levels were up to 1000 times higher in sand underneath the pier than that collected from adjacent to the pier, with the highest concentrations under the pier in spring and fall. Escherichia coli (EC) and enterococci (ENT) under the pier were significantly positively correlated with moisture (ρ = 0.61, p < 0.001, n = 59; ρ = 0.43, p < 0.001, n = 59, respectively), and ENT levels measured by qPCR (qENT) were much higher than those measured by membrane filtration (cENT). Microcosm experiments tested the ability of EC, qENT, cENT, and general Bacteroidales (GenBac) to persist under in situ moisture conditions (10 and 0.1%). Decay rates of qENT, cENT, and GenBac were not significantly different from zero at either moisture level, while decay rates for EC were relatively rapid during the microcosm at 10% moisture (k = 0.7 days−1). Gull/pelican marker was detected at 8 of 12 sites and no human-associated markers (TaqHF183 and HumM2) were detected at any site during a 1-day site survey. Results from this study indicate that the high levels of FIB observed likely stem from environmental sources combined with high persistence of FIB under the pier.
Psychological States Linking Empowering Leadership to Follower Behaviors

Focusing on the mediating role of psychological states, this study examines how empowering leadership influences followers’in-role behaviors and three withdrawal behaviors: lateness, absenteeism, a...
Promoting Resilience, Retention, and Mental Health

This chapter describes why resilience and mental health deserve more attention in efforts to increase student retention. The chapter offers practical suggestions for campus administrators and others.
Kienbock’s Disease (Lunatomalacia)

Avascular necrosis of the lunate (Kienbock’s disease) is a rare problem, affecting a very small portion of the population. Changes in the blood flow and anatomical variations are blamed for the problem. It was classified by Lichtman. Treatment is based on classification and varies from splinting to osteotomy.
A low-power IDCT macrocell for MPEG-2 MP@ML exploiting data distribution properties for minimal activity

A chip has been designed and tested to demonstrate the feasibility of an ultra-low-power, two-dimensional inverse discrete cosine transform (IDCT) computation unit in a standard 3.3-V process. A data-driven computation algorithm that exploits the relative occurrence of zero-valued DCT coefficients coupled with clock gating has been used to minimize switched capacitance. In addition, circuit and architectural techniques such as deep pipelining have been used to lower the voltage and reduce the energy dissipation per sample. A Verilog-based power tool has been developed and used for architectural exploration and power estimation. The chip has a measured power dissipation of 4.65 mW at 1.3 V and 14 MHz, which meets the sample rate requirements for MPEG-2 MP@ML. The power dissipation improves significantly at lower bit rates (coarser quantization), which makes this implementation ideal for emerging quality-on-demand protocols that trade off energy efficiency and video quality.
Acute Menopausal Symptoms in Young Cancer Survivors Immediately following Chemotherapy.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of menopausal symptoms in young cancer survivors immediately following the completion of chemotherapy. METHODS This prospective cohort study followed 124 young females with a new diagnosis of cancer requiring chemotherapy to assess symptoms of menopause before treatment and immediately following chemotherapy. Symptoms were compared before and after treatment using the McNemar test and between cancer patients and 133 similar-aged healthy controls using Pearson χ2 and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS Participants undergoing cancer therapy reported more menopausal symptoms compared to controls prior to the initiation of any treatment (hot flashes or night sweats 33 vs. 7%, p < 0.01, trouble sleeping 57 vs. 31%, p < 0.01, headaches 50 vs. 35%, p = 0.02, and decreased libido 36 vs. 16%, p < 0.01) and also reported a greater prevalence of symptoms immediately after cancer therapy compared to pretreatment prevalence (vasomotor symptoms, p < 0.01, vaginal dryness, p < 0.01, decreased concentration, p < 0.01, and body aches, p = 0.01). Cancer patients with lower anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels after treatment (<0.10 ng/mL) had an increased risk of vasomotor symptoms (OR 2.2, p = 0.04), mood swings (OR 2.4, p = 0.03), feeling sad (OR 2.2, p = 0.04), trouble sleeping (OR 2.7, p = 0.02), and decreased libido (OR 3.0, p = 0.03) when controlled for age and cancer type, and the incidence of these symptoms was not affected by the use of systemic hormones or psychiatric medications. Treatment length, use of alkylating agents, pelvic radiation, and marital status were also not associated with the prevalence of menopausal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Premenopausal women with a new cancer diagnosis have more menopausal symptoms than females of similar age before and after cancer treatment, the effects of which are not mitigated by systemic hormone use. Decreased AMH levels were associated with an increased likelihood of reporting physiologic symptoms after therapy. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS This information is imperative for counseling; ultimately, improved symptom management during and after cancer therapies will improve quality of life in young cancer survivors.
Interactive effect of pressure and temperature on the preservation of rat primary-cultured astrocytes and human glioblastoma cell line A172

Environmental factors such as temperature and pressure are important determinants of cell survival. Although the effect of temperature on cell preservation has been previously reported, the effects...
Laparoscopic Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection for Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumors

Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (LRPLND) is currently being used to treat stage I and II nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT). LRPLND can be used as both a staging procedure and therapeutic intervention. The procedure mimics the advantages of open retroperitoneal lymph node dissection with less pain, quicker convalescence, and improved cosmesis. LRPLND is a technically advanced procedure which demands considerable experience in laparoscopic dissection. The most common complication with LRPLND cases has been intraoperative hemorrhage, but this can be minimized with careful and controlled isolation of the great vessels.
Onset of Rigidity in Steps in Chalcogenide Glasses

The starting point to understand the physical behavior of crystalline solids is their crystallographic structure. Near phase transitions usually a change of structure occurs, an underlying crystal symmetry is broken, and an order parameter displays a specific power-law. Such effects in oxides have a rather rich history [1]. We are also beginning to recognize that phase separation on a nanoscale in doped crystalline semiconductors and oxides apparently is not that unusual, and that such delicate aspects of structure could play a role to understand the metal insulator transition [2] in Si and Ge and possibly the origin of high-T superconductivity [3] in the oxides.
A Pilot Study Characterizing Factors in Adherence to Cutaneous Lupus Treatment.

Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is an autoimmune skin disease that manifests as scarring, dyspigmentation, erythema, and pain. Topical corticosteroids are a mainstay of treatment. Irritation, m...
Engineering selectivity into RGK GTPase inhibition of voltage-dependent calcium channels

Genetically encoded inhibitors for voltage-dependent Ca2+ (CaV) channels (GECCIs) are useful research tools and potential therapeutics. Rad/Rem/Rem2/Gem (RGK) proteins are Ras-like G proteins that potently inhibit high voltage-activated (HVA) Ca2+ (CaV1/CaV2 family) channels, but their nonselectivity limits their potential applications. We hypothesized that nonselectivity of RGK inhibition derives from their binding to auxiliary CaVβ-subunits. To investigate latent CaVβ-independent components of inhibition, we coexpressed each RGK individually with CaV1 (CaV1.2/CaV1.3) or CaV2 (CaV2.1/CaV2.2) channels reconstituted in HEK293 cells with either wild-type (WT) β2a or a mutant version (β2a,TM) that does not bind RGKs. All four RGKs strongly inhibited CaV1/CaV2 channels reconstituted with WT β2a By contrast, when channels were reconstituted with β2a,TM, Rem inhibited only CaV1.2, Rad selectively inhibited CaV1.2 and CaV2.2, while Gem and Rem2 were ineffective. We generated mutant RGKs (Rem[R200A/L227A] and Rad[R208A/L235A]) unable to bind WT CaVβ, as confirmed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Rem[R200A/L227A] selectively blocked reconstituted CaV1.2 while Rad[R208A/L235A] inhibited CaV1.2/CaV2.2 but not CaV1.3/CaV2.1. Rem[R200A/L227A] and Rad[R208A/L235A] both suppressed endogenous CaV1.2 channels in ventricular cardiomyocytes and selectively blocked 25 and 62%, respectively, of HVA currents in somatosensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglion, corresponding to their distinctive selectivity for CaV1.2 and CaV1.2/CaV2.2 channels. Thus, we have exploited latent β-binding-independent Rem and Rad inhibition of specific CaV1/CaV2 channels to develop selective GECCIs with properties unmatched by current small-molecule CaV channel blockers.
Genome Sequences of Three Microbacterium Phages Isolated from Flowers

Bacteriophages Balsa, Golden, and Lucky3 are cluster EA phages isolated from flowers and infect Microbacterium foliorum NRRL B-24224. The genomes of Golden and Lucky3 (subcluster EA1) are closely related, whereas Balsa (subcluster EA4) is a more distant relative.
Photoluminescence of Seven-Coordinate Zirconium and Hafnium Complexes with 2,2'-Pyridylpyrrolide Ligands.

Luminescent seven-coordinated zirconium and hafnium complexes bearing three mono-anionic 2,2'-pyridylpyrrolide ligands and one chloride were synthesized. Solid-state structures and the dynamic behaviors in solution were probed by X-ray crystallography and variable temperature 1 H NMR experiments, respectively. Absorption spectroscopy and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations supported a hybrid of ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT)/ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT) for the visible light absorption band. The complexes (Me PMPMe )3 MCl (M=Zr, Hf, Me PMPMe =3,5-dimethyl-2-(2-pyridyl)pyrrolide) are emissive in solution at room temperature upon irradiation with visible light due to a combination of phosphorescence and fluorescence characterized by excited state lifetimes in the μs and low to sub-ns timescale, respectively. Electrochemical experiments revealed that the zirconium complex possesses a reversible redox event under highly reducing condition (-2.29 V vs. Fc+/0 ).
Resonance assignment of the 128 kDa enzyme I dimer from Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis

Enzyme I (EI) of the bacterial phosphotransferase system (PTS) utilizes phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) as a source of energy in order to transport sugars across the cellular membrane. PEP binding to EI initiates a phosphorylation cascade that regulates a variety of essential pathways in the metabolism of bacterial cells. Given its central role in controlling bacterial metabolism, EI has been often suggested as a good target for antimicrobial research. Here, we report the 1HN, 15N, 13C′, 1Hmethyl, and 13Cmethyl chemical shifts of the 128 kDa homodimer EI from the thermophile Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis. In total 79% of the expected backbone amide correlations and 80% of the expected methyl TROSY peaks from U-[2H, 13C, 15N], Ileδ1-[13CH3], Val-Leu-[13CH3/12CD3] labeled EI were assigned. The reported assignments will enable future structural studies aimed at illuminating the fundamental mechanisms governing long-range interdomain communication in EI and at indicating new therapeutic strategies to combat bacterial infections.
An Integrative Framework for Understanding the Mechanisms and Multigenerational Consequences of Transgenerational Plasticity

Transgenerational plasticity (TGP) occurs when the environment experienced by a parent influences the development of their offspring. In this article, we develop a framework for understanding the m...
Hyperleukocytosis increases risk of fatal hyperkalemia with new ibrutinib/venetoclax regimen for refractory mantle cell lymphoma

Background: A recent phase 2 study reported success using combination of ibrutinib and venetoclax for relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). We report a case of MCL with hyperleukocytosis ...
Ideological Responses to Settler Colonialism: Political Identities in Post-Independence Tunisia

What explains variation in secular and Islamist political identity and behavior? I argue that local variation in colonial settlement encouraged the development of distinct Tunisian political identities across localities. Using data on political mobilization at the moment of independence, I find that differential colonial investments in local land and schools produced divergent secular and Islamist political identities. This relationship operates through two mechanisms; first, high local land expropriation by the French weakened the religious land tenure system (the waqf system) and traditional Islamic schools in those areas. Second, the increased presence of agricultural colonial settlers is also correlated with a greater presence of local French schools and higher enrollment of native Tunisians in French primary education. This variation in colonial experience also informs contemporary patterns of partisanship and social cleavages in Tunisia.
Projected Landscape Impacts from Oil and Gas Development Scenarios in the Permian Basin, USA

Projecting landscape impacts from energy development is essential to land management decisions. We forecast landscape alteration resulting from oil and gas well-pad construction across the economically important Permian Basin of Texas and New Mexico, USA, by projecting current landscape trends through 2050. We modeled three landscape-impact scenarios (low, medium, and high) using recent (2008–2017) trends in well-pad construction and energy production. The results of low-, medium-, and high-impact scenarios suggest that ~60,000, ~180,000, and ~430,000 new well pads could be constructed, potentially causing ~1000, ~2800, and ~6700 km2 of new direct landscape alteration. Almost two-thirds of all new well pads will be constructed within the geologic boundaries of the Delaware and Midland Basins. This translates into a 40, 120, and 300% increase in direct landscape alteration compared with direct alteration from existing well pads. We found that indirect effects (from edges) could increase by twofold, and that the ratio between indirect and direct alteration could decline by half as alteration intensifies and overlaps with existing alteration. The Chihuahuan Desert occupies the largest portion of the study area, and is projected to experience the largest area of alteration from future well-pad construction in the Permian Basin; the degree of direct alteration could increase by 70, 200, and 500% in this desert region, under low-, medium-, and high-impact scenarios. These scenarios can be used to design proactive conservation strategies to reduce landscape impacts from future oil and gas development.
Scattering by Cascades of Aerofoils with Complex Boundary Conditions

In this chapter we derive analytic solutions for the scattering by cascades where the boundary conditions are not limited to a typical rigid no-flux condition. The method is capable of modelling a range of boundary conditions of practical interest, some of which are detailed below. Some of this material is published in [3].
The Healthy Eating and Living Against Noncommunicable Diseases Study: An Innovative Family-Based Intervention.

ObjectiveInadequate nutrition literacy within families is a barrier for healthy dietary choices and influences chronic disease risk. This pilot study examined the feasibility of providing an in-per...
Directive Counseling: Theory and Practice

The counseling theories presented in this chapter are very active, directive, and didactic, with equal involvement of the counselor and the offender. These theories—transactional analysis and reality therapy—were both formulated by traditionally trained psychotherapists who were dissatisfied with the passive methods of traditional psychoanalysis and the extraordinary length of time required for that type of treatment. Both theories were designed to identify and deal with problem areas quickly and are oriented toward cognitive rather than emotional approaches. The creators of the theories realized that most offenders must be actively assisted in their endeavors to become rational, responsible, whole individuals. They do, however, recognize the tremendous importance of the offender/counselor relationship and of the stages of the counseling process as presented in motivational interviewing. The chapter concludes with exercises in primary and advanced empathy
For Whom the Bell Tolls: Memeing French Landscape on Instagram

Na noite de 15 de abril de 2019, varias nuvens de fumo irromperam da Catedral de Notre-Dame e atravessaram os telhados da Ile de la Cite em Paris, Franca. Os lideres mundiais expressaram as suas condolencias pela perda e muitos especialistas alertaram publicamente que, embora possa ser reconstruido, o monumento ao catolicismo do seculo XII nunca "sera o mesmo". No final do dia seguinte, os sinos da catedral dobraram ecoando nos ceus da cidade em homenagem ao devastador incendio e centenas de milhoes de euros ja haviam sido prometidos, com os super-ricos a liderar o caminho. Nos dias que se seguiram, os esforcos com o incendio e a angariacao de fundos atrairam uma verdadeira tempestade mediatica e provocaram um enorme fervor nas redes sociais. A hashtag #NotreDameFire liderou no Twitter, tornou-se viral no Facebook e, ate ao momento, conquistou quase 22.000 posts no Instagram. Grande parte deste discurso popular on-line nao tem sido amistoso e pode ser lido como uma forma de luta politica em torno do significado e da identidade de Notre-Dame travada no arquivo digital do Instagram. Este artigo examina a hashtag #NotreDameFire no Instagram, interpretando os elementos visuais ai publicados atraves dos conceitos propostos por Cara A. Finnegan em Making Photography Matter: A Viewer’s History from the Civil War to the Great Depression. Considera os conceitos de Finnegan de presenca, carater, apropriacao e magnitude no contexto do Instagram entendido como um arquivo que funciona, neste caso, simultaneamente, como lugar e visao de uma paisagem imperial a Catedral de Notre-Dame.
Solubility thermodynamics of amine boranes in polar solvents

Abstract Amine boranes are solid hydrogen storage materials and are difficult to transport within systems unless dissolved in solvents. The solubility and free energy of solution were experimentally determined for ammonia borane, methylamine borane, dimethylamine borane, trimethylamine borane, and tert-butylamine borane in methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide, and tetrahydrofuran. The solubilities of ammonia borane/methylamine borane mixtures in methanol were also measured. The enthalpy of solution was experimentally determined for ammonia borane, methylamine borane, dimethylamine borane, and 30/70 wt% ammonia borane/methylamine borane eutectic in four different solvents: methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, and dimethyl sulfoxide. For all solutes, dimethyl sulfoxide solutions were the most exothermic or least endothermic. Increased methyl-substitution on the amine led to more endothermic processes. For methanol, ethanol, and acetonitrile, the entropy of solution increased as solubility increased. The entropy of solution for ammonia borane dissolving in dimethyl sulfoxide is negative. COSMO-RS solubility calculations using density functional theory optimized geometries agree relatively well with experimental values for amine borane materials dissolved in polar solvents.
Climate Justice and the Social Pillar in California’s Climate Policies

In California, environmental justice advocacy has led to state laws and policies that have steadily, if imperfectly, reflected climate justice and the social pillar of sustainable development. Numerous climate policies acknowledge the state’s underlying inequities and direct their environmental, economic, and other community benefits to the state’s most disadvantaged citizens. This chapter provides an overview of the distributive, participatory, and social justice dimensions to climate justice and their relationship to the social pillar of sustainable development. The chapter explores key California climate mitigation policies and the degree to which they serve climate justice, and derives several important lessons for climate policy at the state and federal level.
Neural 3D Scene Compression via Model Compression.

Rendering 3D scenes requires access to arbitrary viewpoints from the scene. Storage of such a 3D scene can be done in two ways; (1) storing 2D images taken from the 3D scene that can reconstruct the scene back through interpolations, or (2) storing a representation of the 3D scene itself that already encodes views from all directions. So far, traditional 3D compression methods have focused on the first type of storage and compressed the original 2D images with image compression techniques. With this approach, the user first decodes the stored 2D images and then renders the 3D scene. However, this separated procedure is inefficient since a large amount of 2D images have to be stored. In this work, we take a different approach and compress a functional representation of 3D scenes. In particular, we introduce a method to compress 3D scenes by compressing the neural networks that represent the scenes as neural radiance fields. Our method provides more efficient storage of 3D scenes since it does not store 2D images -- which are redundant when we render the scene from the neural functional representation.
Nitrene transfer catalysts for enantioselective C–N bond formation

Transition-metal-catalysed, non-enzymatic transformations of C–H and C=C bonds to C–N bonds through nitrene transfer (NT) are powerful synthetic tools to prepare valuable amine building blocks. Although the first examples of racemic NT were reported more than 50 years ago, catalysts that mediate enantioselective NT with a broad substrate scope have been slow to emerge. However, the past ten years have seen the discovery of several first-row, second-row and third-row transition metal catalysts for asymmetric NT. This Review covers recent developments in asymmetric aziridination and C–H bond amination reactions. We describe catalyst design principles, re-evaluate traditional catalyst architectures, show how the scope of nitrene precursors has expanded and present new mechanistic insights. Following this, we highlight remaining opportunities and challenges to developing more practical and general synthetic methodologies. Realizing chemoselective, site-selective and enantioselective intermolecular NT will streamline amine synthesis and allow us to explore new chemical space. Enantioselective transition-metal-catalysed nitrene transfer is a powerful approach to access valuable amines. This Review describes recent catalyst designs for asymmetric aziridinations of C=C groups and aminations of C–H bonds.
A personal message from Neil E. Harl

When I celebrated my 84th birthday last October 9, I made a vow to recognize that there comes a time when one should ease up. In my case, that was emphasized by the fact that the serious illness of my dear wife, Darlene, has necessitated almost full-time care in recent months. Accordingly, the decision was made a few months ago to retire from publishing.
Unravelling stability‐complexity relationships

[ The consumer Ceriodaphnia reticulata. This experiment used a very similar species to the one shown here, namely Ceriodaphnia reticulata. This freshwater cladoceran grazer can consume phytoplankton species that have a maximal axial dimension of upto ∼35 μm. As a result, Pediastrum simplex (CPCC 431), Fragilaria crotonensis (CPCC 269), Asterionella formosa (CPCC 605), and Staurastrum pingue (UTEX1606) would have inedible for Ceriodaphnia dubia. Ankistrodesmus falcatus (UTEX 101) may also have been selected against in some instances due to its large size. Neither C. dubia density nor stability were affected by resource species diversity, although resource community composition did matter. ] Narwani, A. & Mazumder, A. (2012) Bottom-up effects of species diversity on the functioning and stability of food webs. Journal of Animal Ecology, 81, 702–714. Defining the characteristics of persistent species assemblages is a major focus in ecology. A key set of questions is: how to scale up from interactions between two species to multiple species, what is the role of species characteristics in coexistence and what are the ecosystem level consequences of the characteristics of coexistence. Narwani & Mazumder use meticulous experimental work to look at these three questions simultaneously using carefully controlled microcosms. A key finding is that the relationships between stability and diversity as measured by effects on different trophic levels and different aspects of ecosystem function depend critically on the community composition. The particular species involved are more important than the overall diversity.
Distributed IR for Digital Libraries

This paper examines technology developed to support large-scale distributed digital libraries. We describe the method used for harvesting collection information using standard information retrieval protocols and how this information is used in collection ranking and retrieval. The system that we have developed takes a probabilistic approach to distributed information retrieval using a Logistic regression algorithm for estimation of distributed collection relevance and fusion techniques to combine multiple sources of evidence. We discuss the harvesting method used and how it can be employed in building collection representatives using features of the Z39.50 protocol. The extracted collection representatives are ranked using a fusion of probabilistic retrieval methods. The effectiveness of our algorithm is compared to other distributed search methods using test collections developed for distributed search evaluation. We also describe how this system in currently being applied to operational systems in the U.K.
Peptide receptor-mediated radionuclide therapy for treatment of the somatostatin receptor-positive tumors

1306 Learning Objectives 1. To review of the clinical indications of the Yttrium-90 DOTATOC, 177 Lu-DOTATATE, 111 In-DOTATATE therapy. 2. To review the advantages and disadvantages of Yttrium-90 DOTATOC, 177 Lu-DOTATAT, 111 In-DOTATATE therapy. 1. Review of the molecular aspects of somatostatin receptors and peptide ligands 2. Review of the technical aspects of peptide receptor-mediated radionuclide therapy receptors. 3. Discuss the clinical utility of Yttrium-90 DOTATOC, 177 Lu-DOTATATE, 111 In-DOTATATE therapy for treatment of the somatostatin receptor-positive tumors. 4. Discuss the side-effects of the Peptide receptor-mediated radionuclide therapy and efforts to prevent the toxicity SUMMARY Molecular imaging and therapy have found widespread application in evaluation and treatment of cancers. Peptide receptor-mediated radionuclide therapy has shown to be very effective in management of somatostatin receptor-positive tumors. Yttrium-90 DOTATOC, 177 Lu-DOTATATE and 111 In-DOTATATE are the therapeutic agents which show very promising results. Their associated marrow and renal toxicity requires careful evaluation. They can be administered with a low risk of myelotoxicity, although the cumulative radiation dose to the kidneys is a limiting factor. Several different ways have developed to decrease the renal toxicity which will be discussed during the presentation.
Structural analysis of the core region of lipopolysaccharides from Proteus mirabilis serotypes O6, O48 and O57.

The structure of lipid A core region of the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Proteus mirabilis serotypes O6, O57 and O48 was determined using NMR, MS and chemical analysis of the oligosaccharides, obtained by mild acid hydrolysis, alkaline deacylation, and deamination of LPS: Incomplete substitutions are indicated by bold italic type. All sugars are present in pyranose form, α-Hep is the residue of lglycero-α-dmanno-Hep, α-dd-Hep is the residue of dglycero-α-dmanno-Hep, l-Ara4N is 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinose, Qui4NAlaAla is the residue of 4-N-(l-alanyl-l-alanyl)-4-amino-4,6-dideoxyglucose. All sugars except l-Ara4N have d-configuration. β-GalA* is partially present in the form of amide with 1,4-diaminobutane (putrescine)-HN(CH2)4NH2 or spermidine-HN(CH2)3NH(CH2)4NH2.
Momentous Events, Vivid Memories

Personal event memories memorable moments memory directives image, narrative and the development of self the living past in everyday and clinical contexts gender, culture and personality.
Meaning and the Post-Parental Couple

An existential approach to the treatment of post-parental couples is presented along with seven brief case illustrations of the described treatment approach. A descriptive clinical study that reviews changes made by twenty-three post-parental couples in existential treatment between 1990 and 1995 is also provided to document the usefulness of an existential treatment approach with post-parental couples.
Mounting evidence suggests safety and efficacy of immunizations posttransplantation.

Despite the availability of live-attenuated varicella zoster (VZV) vaccine for healthy children, wild-type varicella persists in community and nosocomial settings. This poses a threat for pediatric solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients, who may be susceptible to infection secondary to incomplete vaccination status or waning immunity. Severe and fatal varicella disease occurs in pediatric SOT recipients (1). VZV vaccination is the first line of prevention following varicella exposure in susceptible, immunocompetent individuals. Yet this strategy has not been endorsed for SOT recipients despite slowly accumulating evidence that this approach is safe and that the benefits of immunization outweigh the risks. Postexposure prophylaxis with acyclovir, valacyclovir or immune globulin products is imperfect and requires timely recognition of varicella exposure. Moreover the single varicella-specific immune globulin product available in the United States (VariZIGTM, Cangene Corporation, Winnipeg, Canada) can be obtained only through an investigational new drug application expanded access protocol (2), and standard immune globulin preparations may yield variable levels of varicella-specific antibody.
Coordinate Covalent Cobalt-Diisocyanide Multilayer Thin Films Grown One Molecular Layer at a Time

Multilayer thin films consisting of alternating layers of cobalt and 1,4-diisocyano-benzene (DiCNB) synthesized layer by layer on an amine functionalized silicon substrate were first reported in 1996. This paper describes further work in characterizing these films using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry, attenuated total reflectance−infrared spectroscopy (ATR−IR), and reflection−absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS). Ellipsometry shows the films grow uniformly, suggesting sequential binding of metal and diisocyanide components. Control experiments confirm that both components are necessary for film growth and that 1-isocyano-2-phenylethane, a mono-functional isocyanide, caps the film and terminates further growth. Although the ellipsometry data suggests uniform film growth consistent with DiCNB molecules oriented perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, in accord with a simple model of these films, a more complex picture of the resulting film constituents is seen with further ana...
SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT OF LOWER POLE URETEROPELVIC JUNCTION OBSTRUCTION IN A PARTIALLY DUPLICATED COLLECTING SYSTEM USING RETROGRADE ENDOURETEROPYELOTOMY WITH THE HOLMIUM: YAG LASER

A patient with a bifid pelvis and ureteropelvic junction obstruction of the lower system was treated successfully with retrograde endopyelotomy using a holmium:YAG (Ho:YAG) laser. Our procedure consists of creating an internal fistula between the 2 pelves by an incision of the intervening tissue with the Ho:YAG laser. Angiograms and endoluminal ultrasonography facilitated strategies for avoiding vascular injury. CASE REPORT