cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
SPIRITUALITY IN MFT TRAINING: DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPIRITUAL ISSUES IN SUPERVISION SCALE

As spirituality moves increasingly to the forefront of the body of marriage and family therapy (MFT) literature, many clinicians still find it uncomfortable or difficult to address spirituality in therapy. This study presents a new measure—the Spiritual Issues in Supervision Scale (SISS)—that examines supervisees' perceptions of the degree to which spirituality is addressed in supervision. Researchers distributed the SISS to mental health professionals around the United States who either were receiving supervision currently or had received supervision recently from professionals in their fields or programs. Results indi- cated that the new instrument has evidence of reliability and validity.
Project ownership and student performance in user-centered senior design projects

Introducing an external user in the capstone design course can be beneficial for the students, but also brings several challenges. The user, who takes on the part of a customer that wishes to take possession of and use the designed product, helps ensure that the project is relevant, usable and within budget and timeline. He or she participates in setting specifications for the product and modifying them along the process. However, in a process that is likely the first design experience of that magnitude for most students, the presence of a user may increase the complexity of the project, and the associated stress levels. In this paper, we report on the perceived levels of project ownership and associated problems in a cohort of 14 senior electrical, computer and bioengineering students through their senior design project, which involved a user with disabilities for whom the student team was designing an assistive technology device. Initial findings show that the presence of the user limits the perceived faculty influence on the project, and that, despite reported problems in communication between the students and the user, technical challenges are thought to be the main inhibitor for a bigger sense of project ownership from the students.
Spectral properties of moving L-estimates of independent data

Abstract A derivation of the joint probability distribution and mass functions of order statistics coming from overlapping samples is presented. The general formulation allows for samples of any size overlapping (coinciding) in any number of observed values ranging from zero to the number of observations in the smaller sample. These expressions are used to compute the autocovariance function of a moving L -estimate (linear combination of order statistics) of a sequence of independent, identically distributed second-order random variables, under a variety of assumptions on the parent distribution. The associated variance spectral density is also computed for several filters of interest, including median filters, and inner and outer trimmed mean filters.
The place of human values in the language of science: Kuhn, Saussure, and structuralism

The current paradigm in medicine generally distinguishes between genetic and environmental causes of disease. Although the word "paradigm" has become a commonplace, the theories of Thomas Kuhn have not received much attention in the journals of medicine. Kuhn's structuralist method differs radically from the daily activities of the scientific method itself. Using linguistic theory, this essay offers a structuralist reading of Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Our purpose is to highlight the similarities between these structuralist models of science and language. In part, we focus on the logic that enables Kuhn to assert the priority of perception over interpretation in the history of science. To illustrate some of these issues, we refer to the distinction between environmental and genetic causes of disease. While the activity of scientific research results in the revision of concepts in science, the production of significant differences that shape our knowledge is in part a social and linguistic process.
Four Factors Modifying the Effect of Competition on Carnivore Population Dynamics as Illustrated by African Wild Dogs

: Limitation of predator populations by prey availability and the effects of predators on prey populations are widely recognized as important ecological processes that affect carnivore conservation. Interspecific competition can also be a strong limiting factor for carnivore populations, and the effects of competition help explain why some carnivore species are prone to extinction. Competition among carnivores is unusual in some ways, so some predictions from traditional models of competition do not hold. For example, an increase in the density of prey can increase the effect of competition among carnivores, rather than weakening it. I used published data from African wild dogs ( Lycaon pictus) to highlight four complexities that can modify the effects of competition on the population dynamics of carnivores: habitat fragmentation, counterintuitive effects of prey density, predator-prey size ratios, and habitat type. Resumen: La restriccion sobre poblaciones de depredadores ocasionada por la disponibilidad de presas y los efectos de depredadores en poblaciones de presas son ampliamente reconocidos como procesos ecologicos importantes que afectan la conservacion de carnivoros. A pesar de ello, la competencia interespecifica tambien puede ser un fuerte factor limitante para las poblaciones de carnivoros y los efectos de la competencia ayudan a explicar el porque algunas especies carnivoras son propensas a extinguirse. La competencia entre carnivoros es poco comun de cierta forma, asi que algunas predicciones de modelos tradicionales de competencia no se cumplen. Por ejemplo, un incremento en la densidad de presas puede incrementar el efecto de la competencia entre carnivoros, en lugar de disminuirlo. Utilice datos de trabajos publicados de perros silvestres africanos ( Lycaon pictus) para resaltar cuatro complicaciones que pueden modificar los efectos de la competencia en la dinamica poblacional de carnivoros: fragmentacion del habitat, efectos contraintuitivos de la densidad de presas, tamano de las proporciones depredador/presa y tipo de habitat.
Chromium (VI) activates ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein. Requirement of ATM for both apoptosis and recovery from terminal growth arrest.

The ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein plays a central role in early stages of DNA double strand break (DSB) detection and controls cellular responses to this damage. Although hypersensitive to ionizing radiation-induced clonogenic lethality, ataxia telangiectasia cells are paradoxically deficient in their ability to undergo ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis. This contradiction illustrates the complexity of the central role of ATM in DNA damage response and the need for further understanding. Certain hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) compounds are implicated as occupational respiratory carcinogens at doses that are both genotoxic and cytotoxic. Cr(VI) induces a broad spectrum of DNA damage, but Cr(VI)-induced DSBs have not been reported. Here, we examined the role of ATM in the cellular response to Cr(VI) and found that Cr(VI) activates ATM. We also show that physiological targets of ATM, p53 Ser-15 and Chk2 Thr-68, were phosphorylated by Cr(VI) exposure in an ATM-dependent fashion. We found that ATM−/− cells were markedly resistant to Cr(VI)-induced apoptosis but considerably more sensitive to Cr(VI)-induced clonogenic lethality than wild type cells, indicating that resistance to Cr(VI)-induced apoptosis did not confer a selective survival advantage. However, analysis of long term growth arrest revealed a striking difference: ATM−/− cells were markedly less able to recover from Cr(VI)-induced growth arrest. This indicates that terminal growth arrest is the fate of these apoptosis-resistant cells. In summary, ATM is involved in cellular response to a complex genotoxin that may not directly induce DSBs. Our data suggest that ATM is a major signal initiator for genotoxin-induced apoptosis but, paradoxically, also contributes to maintenance of cell survival by facilitating recovery/escape from terminal growth arrest. The results also strongly suggest that terminal growth arrest is not merely an extended or even irreversible form of checkpoint arrest, but instead an independent and unique cell fate pathway.
Sensitivity of mitochondrial Mg++ flux to reagents which affect K+ flux

Effects on Mg++ transport in rat liver mitochondria of three reagents earlier shown to affect mitochondrial K+ transport have been examined. The sulfhydryl reactive reagent phenylarsine oxide, which activates K+ flux into respiring mitochondria, also stimulates Mg++ influx. The K+ analog Ba++, when taken up into the mitochondrial matrix, inhibits influx of both K+ and Mg++. The effect on Mg++ influx is seen only if Mg++, which blocks Ba++ accumulation, is added after a preincubation with Ba++. Thus the inhibition of Mg++ influx appears to require interaction of Ba++ at the matrix side of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Added Ba++ also diminishes observed rates of Mg++ efflux but not K+ efflux. This difference may relate to a higher concentration of Ba++ remaining in the medium in the presence of Mg++ under the conditions of our experiments. Pretreatment of mitochondria with dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide (DCCD), under conditions which result in an increase in the apparent Km for K+ of the K+ influx mechanism, results in inhibition of Mg++ influx from media containing approximately 0.2 mM Mg++. The inhibitory effect of DCCD on Mg++ influx is not seen at higher external Mg++ (0.8 mM). This dependence on cation concentration is similar to the dependence on K+ concentration of the inhibitory effect of DCCD on K+ influx. Although mitochondrial Mg++ and K+ transport mechanisms exhibit similar reagent sensitivities, whether Mg++ and K+ share common transport catalysis remains to be established.
Transnational Activist Networks: Mobilization between Emotion and Bureaucracy

Over the past 30 years, transnational space has emerged as a key locus of social transformation. Activist networks and movement coalitions span the globe in an attempt to build an alternative politics. Many transnational activist networks (TANs), however, are meeting sites of two very different entities—movements and organizations—and must thus contend with a crucial divide in the political arena. While social movements usually act extra-institutionally and are often bound together by strong emotions, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), by virtue of their legally encoded form, often proceed within prescribed channels and must remain accountable to outside stakeholders. What happens when social movements encounter organizations? Can the tensions between social movements and NGOs be harnessed to create a lasting convergence aimed at building a more equitable democratic politics? My aim in this article is to contribute to a further texturing of our ideas of transnational space by raising some questions an...
Black Sexuality in the U.S.: Presentations as Non-normative

Does current sex research in which people of African descent in the United States are the subjects present black sexuality as non-normative? If so, what is the impact of these presentations? The methodology used in this study included a qualitative review of research on sex and sexuality in which black people in the U.S. were research subjects. The study concludes that contemporary research on sexuality is dominated by research related to sexually transmitted infections, particularly AIDS and HIV. In the efforts to address this health crisis that has affected people of African descent in the U.S. disproportionately, some articles, perhaps inadvertently, present black sexuality in the U.S. as non-normative. This pathologizing of black sexuality occurs because some researchers studying aspects of sexuality in which the focus is on subjects of African descent in the United States, fail to either consider or describe possible systemic influences (poverty, racial discrimination, etc.) that affect the sexual behaviors of black people.
Incident-Induced Diversion Behavior: Existence, Magnitude, and Contributing Factors

AbstractThe need to understand the effects of diverting traffic is emphasized by growing congestion and delays. This paper examines incident-induced diversion behavior by using loop-detector data and incident records on a freeway in Virginia. This work diverges from previous studies by (1) addressing both existence of diversion and its magnitude, (2) relying on field data rather than surveys, and (3) statistically relating diversion behavior and magnitude to quantifiable incident characteristics and traffic conditions. A dynamic programming-based procedure is used to identify diversions by isolating transient level shifts, and the diversions are associated with incident and traffic characteristics and variable message sign (VMS) displays through a binary logit model. The magnitude of the diversion is statistically related to traffic conditions via a linear regression model. The models indicate that the probability of triggering a diversion increases when an incident lasts longer, more general-purpose lane...
The diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by cardiovascular magnetic resonance

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common genetic disease of the heart. HCM is characterized by a wide range of clinical expression, ranging from asymptomatic mutation carriers to sudden cardiac death as the first manifestation of the disease. Over 1000 mutations have been identified, classically in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Noninvasive imaging is central to the diagnosis of HCM and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is increasingly used to characterize morphologic, functional and tissue abnormalities associated with HCM. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the clinical, pathological and imaging features relevant to understanding the diagnosis of HCM. The early and overt phenotypic expression of disease that may be identified by CMR is reviewed. Diastolic dysfunction may be an early marker of the disease, present in mutation carriers prior to the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Late gadolinium enhancement by CMR is present in approximately 60% of HCM patients with LVH and may provide novel information regarding risk stratification in HCM. It is likely that integrating genetic advances with enhanced phenotypic characterization of HCM with novel CMR techniques will importantly improve our understanding of this complex disease.
Dementia--epidemiological considerations, nomenclature, and a tacit consensus definition.

Epidemiologic inquiry requires the definition of a “case.” Dementia may be defined clinically or alternatively by inference of irreversible brain pathology. Several iterations of the Diagnostic and...
How does the saccadic eye movement controller adapt for pathological states

Normal saccadic eye movements are time optimal. When a subject becomes fatigued he changes his control strategy and the eye movements are no longer time optimal. The cerebellum is the adaptive gain controller for the saccadic system. Patients with cerebellar disease have saccadic oscillations. Multiple sclerosis, lesions, and myasthenia gravis attenuate the transmission of the saccadic controller signals. This produces abnormal eye movements. The CNS compensates for this deficit by increasing the duration of the high-frequency motoneuronal saccadic pulse.
Stealth Trading in Options Markets

We investigate how price discovery occurs in the options markets through traders' trade size choice. By employing transactions data on all options traded on a sample of 100 firms, we show that informed traders fragment their orders into small (medium) trades for low (high) volume contracts. We also find that almost 60% of the price discovery occurs in the exchange with the largest market share for a given option, where informed traders favor medium size trades. Upon examining distinct option series for a given stock, we find that at-the-money calls display the highest information share.
Growth of Chlamydia trachomatis in enucleated cells.

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular parasite of eucaryotic cells. Little is known about the role of the host in supporting chlamydial replication beyond the facts that host cells provide ATP and that de novo host protein synthesis is not required for bacterial growth. To further explore potential contributions of host nuclear function to chlamydial development, we questioned whether murine C. trachomatis could grow in mouse L cells that had been enucleated with cytochalasin B. Following enucleation, cells were infected with chlamydiae and analyzed morphologically and biochemically. Late in infection, substantial numbers of chlamydiae of all developmental stages were seen within large cytoplasmic inclusions that were indistinguishable from those seen in infected intact cells. Normal numbers of infectious progeny particles were produced from enucleated cultures. We conclude that active host cell nuclear function is not required to support the growth of chlamydiae. Images
Allergy to white potato

Allergy to potato is uncommon, and even more uncommon is allergy to potato pollen. The occurrence of both phenomena in the same patient made it possible to study cross-reactivity patterns of potato antigens. An 11-year-old girl, exclusively breast-fed for her first 4 months, developed anaphylactic symptoms after ingestion of potato at 5 months of age when she was fed potato for the first time. Subsequently, she developed urticaria, angioedema, and respiratory and systemic symptoms on contact with potatoes, ingestion of potatoes, and exposure to cooking potatoes or potato pollen. Three allergenic extracts from potato pulp, peel, and pollen were prepared. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate and isoelectrofocusing of the three extracts were performed. IgE-mediated allergy to these extracts was demonstrated by means of immediate skin test reactivity, positive passive transfer, RAST, RAST inhibition, and leukocyte histamine release. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the pulp extract followed by electroblotting and autoradiography demonstrated specific IgE antibodies directed against several proteins ranging from 14,000 to 40,000 daltons.
Sequence and Chiral Selectivity of Drug–DNA Interactions Revealed by Force Spectroscopy

Methods of quantifying the efficiency of a drug molecule for its targeted receptor, using a differential binding force to quantify the efficiency of a drug molecule to its targeted receptor.
Lung volume reduction or lung transplantation for end-stage pulmonary emphysema?

Objective: As the waiting period for lung transplant (LT) candidates with end-stage pulmonary emphysema (COPD) continues to increase, there is a need for alternative treatments to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with COPD. We hypothesized that lung reduction (LR) may avoid the need for subsequent LT in patients on the waiting list that are also candidates for LR. Methods: From July 1994 to December 1995, 20 patients received LR as alternative to LT. The average age was 58 ∠ 7 years; 11 were males. Eighteen patients had primary COPD and two had alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Eighteen LRs were thoracoscopic (two bilateral and 16 unilateral) and two were done through a median sternotomy. Results: At a follow-up of 32 ∠ 4 months, 19 patients are alive (19/20 = 95%). Fifteen patients (15/20 = 75%) are currently off the LT list and doing well: FEV1 is 40 ∠ 18% predicted at 2 years compared with 22.7 ∠ 6% before LR (P , 0.001); FVC is 84 ∠ 13% at 2 years compared with 55 ∠ 7% (P , 0.001) and the RV is 145 ∠ 59% compared with 270 ∠ 58% (P , 0.001). One patient (5%) required extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) after LR to the contralateral side of the first procedure and subsequently died. Two patients (10%) are currently listed for LT because of persistent symptoms. One patient (5%) in whom deterioration was secondary to exposure to toxic fumes, underwent successful LT. One patient (5%) is doing well from the pulmonary standpoint but is being worked up for new severe coronary artery disease (CAD). The freedom from LT is 95% (19/20) and the freedom from repeat LR is 85% (17/20). Conclusions: LR has the potential to offer an effective palliative alternative to LT in 75% of selected patients up to 32 months of follow-up. Widespread use of bilateral LR is anticipated to further improve the results. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Comparison of Completely Knotless and Hybrid Double-Row Fixation Systems: A Biomechanical Study

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical performance of a completely knotless double-row repair system (SutureCross Knotless Anatomic Fixation System; KFx Medical, Carlsbad, CA) with 2 commonly used hybrid double-row repair (medial knot-tying, lateral knotless) systems (Bio-Corkscrew/PushLock [Arthrex, Naples, FL] and Spiralok/Versalok [DePuy Mitek, Raynham, MA]). Methods Fourteen pairs of fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders were harvested, the supraspinatus tendons were isolated, and full-thickness supraspinatus tears were created. One of each pair was repaired with the completely knotless system, and the contralateral side was repaired with either of the hybrid systems. The repairs were then subjected to cyclic loading followed by load to failure. Conditioning elongation, peak-to-peak elongation, ultimate load, and mechanism of failure were recorded and compared by use of paired t tests. Seven additional shoulders were tested to determine the effect of refrigeration storage on the completely knotless system by use of the same mechanical testing protocol. Results For the completely knotless repair group, 11 of 14 paired specimens failed during the cyclic loading period. Only 1 of 14 hybrid repair systems had failures during cyclic loading, and both hybrid repair systems had statistically lower conditioning elongation than the completely knotless repair group. The mean ultimate load of the SutureCross group was 166 ± 87 N, which was significantly lower than that in the Corkscrew/PushLock (310 ± 82 N) and Spiralok/Versalok (337 ± 44 N) groups. There was an effect of refrigeration storage on the peak-to-peak elongation and stiffness of the SutureCross group; however, there was no difference in ultimate tensile load or conditioning elongation. Conclusions The completely knotless repair system has lower time-zero biomechanical properties than the other 2 hybrid systems. Clinical Relevance The SutureCross system has lower time-zero biomechanical properties when compared with other hybrid repair systems. Clinical outcome studies are needed to determine the significance.
Accelerated Non-coding RNA Searches with Covariance Model Approximations

Covariance models (CMs) are a very sensitive tool for finding non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes in DNA sequence data. However, CMs are extremely slow. One reason why CMs are so slow is that they allow all possible combinations of insertions and deletions relative to the consensus model even though the vast majority of these are never seen in practice. In this paper we examine reduction in the number of states in covariance models. A simplified CM with reduced states which can be scored much faster is introduced. A comparison of the results of a full CM versus a reduced-state model found using a genetic algorithm is given for the let7 ncRNA family.
Medical Genetics: A 40-Year Perspective on the Evolution of a Medical Specialty From a Basic Science

WITHIN the last year, medical genetics has been fully recognized as a bona fide clinical specialty. The American Board of Medical Genetics, established in 1979 under the wing of the American Society of Human Genetics (with first examinations in 1981), was accepted into the family of specialty-certifying boards as the 24th member of the American Board of Medical Specialties. In 1992, the American College of Medical Genetics was established in parallel to the colleges of other specialties. The development of this clinical specialty has taken place during the last 40 years, and many involved in that development are still active to tell the story. 1 The American Board of Medical Genetics is unusual among specialty boards in the fact that PhD geneticists are certified for working in clinical genetics, and the board has specialized certification in clinical genetics, biochemical genetics, and molecular genetics on the basis of separate examinations. (The
Fusion of stereo vision, force-torque, and joint sensors for estimation of in-hand object location

This paper develops a method to fuse stereo vision, force-torque sensor, and joint angle encoder measurements to estimate and track the location of a grasped object within the hand. We pose the problem as a hybrid systems estimation problem, where the continuous states are the object 6D pose, finger contact location, wrist-to-camera transform and the discrete states are the finger contact modes with the object. This paper develops the key measurement equations that govern the fusion process. Experiments with a Barrett Hand, Bumblebee 2 stereo camera, and an ATI omega force-torque sensor validate and demonstrate the method.
Development of solid collection diagnostics on NIF through blast shield analysis

Summary form only given. The National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory will be performing credible ignition attempts as early as 2010. One of the fusion diagnostic methods under development is collection of post-shot solid debris. Materials doped into the NIF capsule ablator shell will activate as a result of interaction with DT fusion neutrons. Collection and analysis of this material following a shot will allow for determination of capsule performance, as well as serve as a means for performing nuclear science-based measurements on NIF. In order to collect debris, the distribution and chemical form of the debris material must be known. We are currently conducting research into the performance of a variety of materials for possible use as NIF collectors, and these results will be discussed in a separate presentation. In order to evaluate debris distribution, we are analyzing the disposable debris shields and aluminum blast shields that were present as part of some of the nuclear diagnostic housings. Initial results indicate that the debris characteristics differ greatly between the equator and pole of the chamber. In addition, the degree of change of the chemical morphology of the blast shields provides an indication as to the optimal distance for fielding a collector in the NIF chamber. In this presentation, we will show images of the post-shot blast shields as well as quantitative analyses of the debris droplets. Future experiments will be discussed in conjunction with the upcoming NIF campaigns.
Self-Efficacy, Curriculum Content, Practicum Experience, and the Interest of Social Work Students in Gerontology

The present study examined the linkages among perceptions of self-efficacy, curriculum, and field experience on students’ attitudes and interest in working with older adults. Graduate level social work students were surveyed regarding perceived self-efficacy to intervene with older adult clients, the amount of aging content in the master of social work (MSW) curriculum, and practicum experience with older clients. Regression analysis showed a relationship between attitudes toward older adults and perceptions of self-efficacy. Pearson correlations revealed that self-efficacy was significantly related to levels of gerontology content in curriculum, as well as practicum opportunities to work with older adults. While both gerontology curriculum and practice experience significantly predicted self-efficacy, multiple regression analysis revealed that practice experience had the stronger influence.
Rural democratisation in Mexico's deep south: grassroots right-to-know campaigns in Guerrero

In Mexico's southern state of Guerrero, rural social and civic movements are increasingly claiming their right to information as a tool to hold the state publicly accountable, as part of their ongoing issue-specific social, economic, and civic struggles. This study reviews the historical, social and political landscape that grounds campaigns for rural democratisation in Guerrero, including Mexico's recent information access reforms and then compares two different regional social movements that have claimed the ‘right to know’. For some movements, the demand for information rights is part of a sustained strategy, for others it is a tactic, but the claim bridges both more resistance-oriented and more negotiation-oriented social and civic movements.
Evaluation of broiler performance and carcass yields when fed diets containing corn grain from transgenic stacked-trait product DAS-Ø15Ø7- 1xDAS-59122-7xMON-ØØ81Ø-6xMON-ØØ6Ø3-6

SUMMARY The nutritional equivalency of grain produced from transgenic stacked-trait corn DAS-O15O71xDAS-59122-7xMON-OO81O-6xMON-OO6O3-6 (1507x59122xMON810xNK603) with combined insect resistance and herbicide tolerance was evaluated in a 42-d feeding trial with broiler chickens. Broilers consuming diets produced with grain from unsprayed or sprayed 1507x59122xMON810xNK603 corn plants performed as well as broilers consuming diets produced with nontransgenic near-isogenic control grain, and the broilers produced organ, carcass, and parts yields similar to those of broilers fed diets produced with the control grain. Additionally, all performance, organ, and carcass measures from the control, 1507x59122xMON810xNK603, and 1507x59122xMON810xNK603(S) groups were within the range of values from broilers fed diets containing nontransgenic commercially available hybrids. It was concluded, based on these results, that grain from 1507x59122xMON810xNK603 corn (unsprayed or sprayed with an herbicide mixture) was nutritionally equivalent to grain from nontransgenic near-isogenic corn.
Delta-k-lidar sensing of the ocean surface.

A new lidar technique for detecting ocean surface waves is analyzed theoretically. The method is based on the Δk-radar technique and detects the modulation of the low-frequency product of two frequency-separated backscattered laser fields. It is shown that this Δk-lidar technique can have a much larger signal-to-noise ratio than Δk-radar, primarily because of its ability to aperture average the speckle noise in the backscattered fields.
Effect of Hybridization on the Creep and Stress Relaxation Characteristics of Pultruded Composites

Pultrusion manufacturing process is a well established technique for the cost-effective production of high-modulus and lightweight composite materials having constant cross-sectional profiles. The pultruded composites are widely used as structural members viz., beams, trusses and stiffeners, owing to the presence of high proportion of axial fibers necessary to sustain large tractive forces. These structural members are subjected to a combination of static and dynamic loading conditions at wide temperature ranges and over longer periods. Since polymeric composites exhibit viscoelastic behavior, the effectiveness of these materials as structural members must be thoroughly evaluated to ensure long-term stability. In previous research, the dynamic performance characteristics of pultruded glass-graphite/epoxy hybrids were evaluated at room temperature. The effects of temperature, frequency, post-curing, along with the type and placement of fibers on the dynamic flexural properties of glass/epoxy and hybrid glass-graphite/epoxy were also investigated. This paper focuses on the evaluation ofcreep and stress relaxation performance characteristics of pultruded glass-graphite/epoxy hybrid composites. Dynamic mechanical analysis technique was adopted for the accelerated creep and stress relaxation testing. Time-temperature superposition principle, which greatly reduced the experimental time, was effectively utilized for predicting the creep and stress relaxation properties of the hybrid composites. Results indicate that the type and amount of fibers as well as their lay-up sequence plays a significant role in determining the flow and load bearing characteristics.
Synthesis and Characterization of Carboxylate-Rich Complexes Having the {Fe2(μ-OH)2(μ-O2CR)}3+ and {Fe2(μ-O)(μ-O2CR)}3+ Cores of O2-Dependent Diiron Enzymes

The {Fe2(μ-OH)2(μ-O2CR)}3+ and {Fe2(μ-O)(μ-O2CR)}3+ cores of the carboxylate-bridged diiron(III) centers in the enzyme active sites were reproduced by small molecule model complexes that were prepared through direct oxygenation of the mononuclear iron(II) complexes. Upon oxygenation of [Fe(O2CArTol)2(Hdmpz)2], where -O2CArTol is 2,6-di(p-tolyl)benzoate and Hdmpz is 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, [Fe2(μ-OH)2(μ-O2CArTol)(O2CArTol)3(OH2)(Hdmpz)2] was generated and characterized to share close physical properties with sMMOHox, including δ = 0.45 (2) mm/s, ΔEQ = 1.21 (2) mm/s, and J = −7.2 (2) cm-1. The compound [Fe2(μ-O)(μ-O2CAr4-FPh)(O2CAr4-FPh)3(Hdmpz)3], where -O2CAr4-FPh is 2,6-di(4-fluorophenyl)benzoate, with δ = 0.51 (2) mm/s, ΔEQ = 1.26 (2) mm/s, and J = −117.4 (1) cm-1, was isolated as the oxygenation product of [Fe(O2CAr4-FPh)2(Hdmpz)2].
Rigorous theory of the radiative and gain characteristics of silicon and germanium lasing media

A generalized numerical model for the phonon-assisted optical interband transition based on the Green's function formalism was developed and implemented to investigate optical processes in germanium and silicon media intended for on-chip light emitter and laser applications. High-fidelity full band structures obtained from the empirical pseudopotential method, self-energies, and the corresponding spectral density functions for the phonon-perturbed electron and holes have been computed numerically as a function of strain, temperature, and doping level. Validation has been carried out by showing the model's ability to accurately reproduce the measured temperature dependent absorption coefficient data for both germanium and silicon. Absorption coefficients, radiative recombination rates of germanium and silicon active media were investigated with different biaxial tensile strain, doping concentrations and injection conditions. Furthermore, when the model is employed to compute the optical gain in strained germanium, we find that the use of tensile strain and high injection are the preferable approaches to obtain population inversion. At the same time, strong absorption from the spin-orbit to the heavy-hole band limits the maximum injection density that can be applied. Finally, when applied to study silicon, the proposed model also successfully reproduces the experimentally observed radiative recombination peak due to the two-phonon process.
Aircraft Fault Detection, Isolation and Reconflguration in the Presence of Measurement Errors

This paper discusses the efiect of measurement errors on the fault detection, fault isolation and control law reconflguration algorithms that Honeywell has been researching and developing together with NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) under NASA’s Aviation Safety and Security Program. In our previous papers, we developed fault detection, fault isolation, pilot cueing and control law reconflguration algorithms for a civil transport aircraft, and evaluated the performance of our algorithms in piloted simulation in the Integration Flight Deck facility at NASA LaRC. However, we did not explicitly evaluate the efiect of measurement errors (that is, sensor noise, bias, and dynamics) on the performance of our algorithms. In this paper, we add sensor models to LaRC’s simulation model and evaluate the performance of our algorithms in the presence of measurement errors. Each algorithm is analyzed separately, and is enhanced by redesigning and/or re-tuned as necessary. The key contribution is that we provide theoretical justiflcation for the architecture of our fault detection algorithm and discuss a systematic procedure for tuning its gains, and we adapt and re-tune our fault isolation algorithm so that it can cope with measurement errors. We also provide results from batch simulations that are representative of the achieved performance in the presence of imperfect measurements.
Abstract 1317: Biomarker evaluation for PD-1 targeted therapies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients

Sustained expression of programmed cell death (PD)-1 inhibitory receptor is a hallmark of exhausted T cells during chronic infections and cancer. PD-1 signaling inhibits T cell activation, and maintains T cells in a dysfunctional state. Notably, inhibition of PD-1 interactions with PD-L1 is able to restore function in exhausted T cells. Several clinical trials have now shown that PD-1 blockade therapy results in durable clinical benefits in advanced stage cancer patients refractory to other treatments, and efficacy has been reported in multiple tumor types. Nonetheless many patients do not respond to PD-1 targeted therapies, hence a better understanding of the immunological responses induced by PD-1 pathway blockade and identification of predictive biomarkers is imperative. In this ongoing study we have analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from advanced stage NSCLC patients, before and during the course of PD-1 pathway blockade therapy. We find that CD8 T cell activation is observed in some patients following therapy, but it is not consistently associated with clinical response. Interestingly, treatment-induced CD8 T cell proliferation is not sustained in some patients even with continuation of therapy. After PD-1 pathway blockade, we find co-expression of CTLA-4 on proliferating PD-1+ CD8 T cells in the blood. Accordingly, we found that tumor infiltrating CD8 T cells expressing high levels of PD-1 also co-express CTLA-4 (and Tim-3) in surgical specimens of patients with NSCLC. We will present additional data on CD8 and CD4 T cells in NSCLC patients enrolled in PD-1 targeted therapies clinical trials and discuss potential biomarkers. We conclude that peripheral blood analysis can provide valuable insights into anti-cancer effects of PD-1 targeted therapy. Citation Format: Alice O. Kamphorst, Rathi N. Pillai, Shu Yang, Rama Akondy, Lydia Koenig, Ke Yu, Megan McCausland, Gabriel Sica, Fadlo R. Khuri, Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Suresh S. Ramalingam, Rafi Ahmed. Biomarker evaluation for PD-1 targeted therapies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1317. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1317
What Do Citizens Think About Police Accountability Measures? Lessons From Community Attitudinal Surveys

A growing body of survey research has consistently demonstrated variation among different racial and ethnic groups in terms of their attitudes toward the police. Partly as a result of dissatisfacti...
Demonstration of a 1024 $\times$ 1024 Pixel InAs–GaSb Superlattice Focal Plane Array

We describe the demonstration of a 1024 × 1024 pixel long-wavelength infrared focal plane array based on an InAs-GaSb superlattice absorber surrounded by an electron-blocking and a hole-blocking unipolar barrier. An 11.5-μm cutoff focal plane without antireflection coating based on this complementary barrier infrared detector design has yielded noise equivalent differential temperature of 53 mK at operating temperature of 80 K, with 300 K background and f/2 cold-stop.
The Determitation of Fe,Cu and Mn in Duyun Maojian Tea

The ultraviolet spectrophotometric method was used to determine the content of Fe,Cu and Mn in Duyun Maojian Tea in 8 producing areas of Tuanshan,Daping,Tuanzhai,Doupengshan,Yunwu,Gaozhai,Dading,and Tuchang.The results indicated that Fe,Cu and Mn all existed in Duyun Maojian from different origin,the contents of them were MnFeCu,and the content were different with the origin.
Are we trumping bone disease in prostate cancer

We are seeing a new era in drug development with the identification of novel intra- and extracellular targets to which therapies are being directed. Perhaps more exciting is learning how to optimize standard therapies in combination with biologic agents and radiopharmaceuticals in order to target multiple pathways in prostate cancer growth. Stay tuned!
Treatment of ovarian cancer at the crossroads: 50 years after single-agent melphalan chemotherapy.

"Although the majority of patients with advanced ovarian cancer will die of the disease, optimism is justified in view of the improved results of surgery followed by cisplatin and carboplatin based chemotherapy."
Integrative Review on the Use of Newman Praxis Relationship in Chronic Illness

Over the past 20 years, many Newman scholars across the globe have investigated health as expanding consciousness with persons living with chronic illness. This integrative review examines the use of the concept, relationship, and its seven dimensions-health, caring, consciousness, mutual process, patterning, presence, and meaning with persons with chronic illness when engaged in health as expanding consciousness praxis. A regular and sustained pattern of publication of studies that included the seven dimensions was found. Relationships among the dimensions of a Newman praxis relationship, chronic illness, and health as expanding consciousness are discussed.
Consumer Perceptions of Service Salespeople

Little research attention has been devoted to examining consumer perceptions of salespeople, let alone services salespeople. In view of the growing importance of services marketing in this country and the key roles salespersons play in consumer purchases, studies on services salespersons are warranted. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to investigate consumer attitudes and perceptions of salespeople involving major household services. Consumers’ perceptions of the importance of alternate sources of information were also investigated. Data were collected through 422 questionnaires completed and returned by the members of the Arkansas Household Research Panel. Descriptive analysis was conducted and the findings discussed. Implications of the findings for services marketers were noted.
GUICat: GUI testing as a service

GUIs are event-driven applications where the flow of the program is determined by user actions such as mouse clicks and key presses. GUI testing is a challenging task not only because of the combinatorial explosion in the number of event sequences, but also because of the difficulty to cover the large number of data values. We propose GUICat, the first cloud-based GUI testing framework that simultaneously generates event sequences and data values. It is a white-box GUI testing tool that augments traditional sequence generation techniques with concolic execution. We also propose a cloud-based parallel algorithm for mitigating both event sequence explosion and data value explosion, by distributing the con-colic execution tasks over public clouds such as Amazon EC2. We have evaluated the tool on standard GUI testing benchmarks and showed that GUICat significantly outperforms state-of-the-art GUI testing tools. The video demo URL is https://youtu.be/rfnnQOmZqj4.
Bowel injury in robotic gynecologic surgery: risk factors and management options. A systematic review

Objective We sought to analyze the published literature on bowel injuries in patients undergoing gynecologic robotic surgery with the aim to determine its incidence, predisposing factors, and treatment options. Data Sources Studies included in this analysis were identified by searching PubMed Central, OVID Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. References for all studies were also reviewed. Time frame for data analysis spanned from November 2001 through December 2014. Study Eligibility Criteria All English-language studies reporting the incidence of bowel injury or complications during robotic gynecologic surgery were included. Studies with data duplication, not in English, case reports, or studies that did not explicitly define bowel injury incidence were excluded. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods The Guidelines for Meta-Analyses and Systematic Reviews of Observational Studies were used to complete the systematic review with the exception of scoring study quality and a single primary reviewer. Results In all, 370 full-text articles were reviewed and 144 met the inclusion criteria. There were 84 bowel injuries recorded in 13,444 patients for an incidence of 1 in 160 (0.62%; 95% confidence interval, 0.50–0.76%). There were no significant differences in incidence of bowel injury by procedure type. The anatomic location of injury, etiology, and management were rarely reported. Of the bowel injuries, 87% were recognized intraoperatively and the majority (58%) managed via a minimally invasive approach. Of 13,444 patients, 3 (0.02%) (95% confidence interval, 0.01–0.07%) died in the immediate postoperative period and no deaths were a result of a bowel injury. Conclusion The overall incidence of bowel injury in robotic-assisted gynecologic surgery is 1 in 160. When the location of bowel injuries were specified, they most commonly occurred in the colon and rectum and most were managed via a minimally invasive approach.
Cognitive Sequelae of Mild Head Injury

The sequelae of mild head injury one to five years after injury, assessed in a longitudinal study of 13,000 British children born in one week in 1970, are reported from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY and Bristol Polytechnic and University of Bristol, England.
Studies on the radiosensitivity of bone marrow. II. The effect of large, repeated whole body irradiation exposure on hematopoiesis.

Abstract 1. Six animals (cats) were subjected to four whole body irradiation exposures over a period of one and one-half years. Irradiation dosage was 200 r to the whole body, an amount producing severe hematopoietic abnormalities in the cat. Irradiation in each case was immediately preceded by a large phlebotomy, so that functional impairment of erythropoiesis resulting from irradiation could be assessed in terms of a defective regeneration of erythrocytes. The effect of multiple radiation exposures could also be evaluated for each animal in terms of its prior response to phlebotomy and irradiation. The effects of repeated exposures on the leukocytes could likewise be assessed by means of the comparative leukocyte regeneration curves. 2. Little evidence of permanent functional damage of erythropoietic tissue by repeated exposures under the conditions of this experiment were observed. Erythrocyte and hemoglobin regeneration patterns were very similar from one exposure to another. However, hemoglobin regeneration was slightly slower after the fourth and last irradiation. Whether this represents encroachment on marrow reserve by multiple irradiations or whether it was an artifact resulting from iron deficiency cannot be said with certainty. Multiple exposures exerted little apparent effect on the leukocyte regeneration curves. 3. After recovery from the fourth irradiation, the percentage of mononuclear leukocytes was somewhat less than that prior to the first. 4. It is concluded that while repeated irradiation insults under the conditions of our experiment probably result in hidden damage even in the presence of apparent complete recovery, this damage is so subtle that it is difficult to detect by the tests of marrow reserve employed in this study.
Peripheral blood and bone marrow involvement by visceral leishmaniasis.

![Figure][1] A 41-year-old, HIV-positive Somalian man presented to the HIV clinic with fatigue and abdominal fullness. He denied fever or any other symptoms. The laboratory workup revealed mild pancytopenia and elevated liver function enzymes. Computed tomography identified hepatosplenomegaly