cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Structural/Acoustic Sensitivity Analysis of a Panel With Manufacturing Variability

Sensitivity analysis is an essential component in the design of structural/acoustic systems. Current structural/acoustic sensitivity algorithms assume deterministic system design parameters and therefore predict changes in the deterministic response of the system. Due to variability associated with manufacturing tolerances most structural/acoustic systems consist of random and deterministic structural design parameters and therefore produce a probabilistic acoustic response. In this work, a structural/acoustic sensitivity algorithm is presented that considers systems comprised of random and deterministic design parameters. The new sensitivity algorithm calculates the change in the probabilistic vibro-acoustic response of a system due to a change in a deterministic design parameter. The new algorithm uses boundary element analysis, finite element analysis, and an advanced mean value method. An elastically supported panel subject to a non-uniform load is used to illustrate the algorithm. Variability is considered in the elastic support while structural sizing parameters are taken to be deterministic. The response of the panel is defined in terms of probabilistic radiated sound power. Probabilistic sound power sensitivity results are calculated and used to predict new sound power values via finite difference analysis. These results are compared successfully to results obtained through re-analysis.Copyright © 2002 by ASME
Double Standards in Smoking, Attractiveness, and Social Image Cues

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among gender, smoking status, and social attractiveness. Participants (N = 152) were shown 4 different images of male and female models. Each participant received a set of photographs; however, participants in the smoking group saw an image of a model holding a cigarette, whereas participants in the nonsmoking group saw the same model with the cigarette digitally removed. Participants then rated the physical attractiveness of, and attributed a social image descriptor to, the models. Results indicate that a male model was rated as more attractive and masculine when shown smoking. Conversely, the female model was rated as less attractive when shown with a cigarette.
Rotation-induced transition from superfluid to normal phase in mesoscopic systems: Yb-168 and adjacent nuclei

The transition from strong static pairing to weak static pairing and its consequences to the excitation spectrum of a mesoscopic (medium number of particles) system are investigated. New levels have been measured in $^{168}\mathrm{Yb}$. A reasonable description of the A\ensuremath{\approxeq}168 isotopes spectra is obtained. The adequacy of the phase transition concept is discussed.
BRS cohomology of the chiral superfield

As a start in a search for possible undiscovered anomalies which might break supersymmetry, a general calculation of BRS cohomology for the Wess Zumino chiral multiplet is performed. The calculation is done using spectral sequences in Fock space. It encompasses the vector space of all integrated local polynomials in the fields and their derivatives. This calculation shows that the BRS cohomology space contains an infinite number of polynomials with ghost charge one. Examples of these polynomials are given. All presently known examples possess uncontracted Lorentz spinor (and possibly vector) indices. A simple extension of these results to super Yang Mills theory indicates that there may be previously unnoticed anomalies in that theory.
Novel paraoxonase (PON1) nonsense and missense mutations predicted by functional genomic assay of PON1 status.

Paraoxonase (PON1) has been termed an environmental response enzyme for its function in the detoxification of organophosphate pesticides, nerve agents and pharmaceuticals such as glucocorticoids and statins, as well as its cardioprotective role in breaking down oxidized LDL.PON1192genotype can be pr
Early Reading Achievement in Children With Expressive Phonological Disorders

In this study, 30 children with expressive phonological disorders and 27 children with normally developing phonological and language abilities were administered measures of expressive phonology, ph...
Synthetic Methods for Testing of Vacuum Breakers

Different synthetic methods are scrutinized as to the applicability to vacuum breakers. Skeats method with resistor is brought forward and discussed from the viewpoint of breaker failure modes, interruption and circuit phenomena. Criteria for choice of resistor are given. Comparison tests using this method and direct method were performed. The results support theoretical conclusions by experimental verification of equivalency for the tested vacuum breaker. The method offers practical and economical advantages over current injection and is also suitable for multiloop and duty cycle testing.
Hereditary lymphedema and obstructive jaundice

Abnormal lymphatic vessels of the lower extremities were demonstrated in 2 sisters who initially presented with severe obstructive jaundice with peripheral edema. Small lymphangiomas were present in 3 members of the paternal side of the family. A congenital defect in hepatic lymphatic vessels may account for the persistent hepatomegaly in children with this inherited syndrome.
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in morbidly obese patients with end-stage heart failure and left ventricular assist device: medium-term results

Abstract Background Morbid obesity precludes patients with end-stage heart failure from becoming cardiac transplant candidates. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) as a means to transplant candidacy in such patients. Methods Morbidly obese patients with end-stage heart failure, who were ineligible for cardiac transplantation and underwent LSG between 2008 and 2013, were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, perioperative details, percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL), and status of transplant candidacy were analyzed. Results Six patients (3 men) with end-stage heart failure and morbid obesity underwent LSG. Three patients (50%) had a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) in place at the time of surgery. Median age was 34 (31–66) years and mean preoperative body mass index (BMI) was 47.6±3.0 kg/m 2 . Median operative time was 90 (66–141) minutes, with a median length of stay of 7 (4–16) days. There were no perioperative deaths. One patient suffered a spontaneous flank hematoma. The same patient also had thrombosis of the LVAD pump at 3 weeks postoperatively, requiring an uneventful device exchange. At median follow-up of 22 (12–70) months, the mean %EWL was 51.4±10.3% with a decrease in BMI to 34.3±2.4 kg/m 2 ( P Conclusion LSG appears to be a safe, technically feasible, and effective method for obtaining adequate weight loss in morbidly obese patients with end-stage heart failure and mechanical circulatory support, subsequently improving their access to cardiac transplantation. This is the largest case series to date of this high-risk group of patients undergoing LSG.
Recent progress in reversible photodegradation of Disperse Orange 11 when doped in PMMA

We report observations that dye-doped PMMA polymer with the organic dye Disperse Orange 11 exhibits self healing after photodegradation by continuous optical pumping whereas in liquid solution, degradation is permanent. This observation illustrates the important role of the polymer matrix in facilitating recovery of the dye molecules. In this work, we report on linear optical absorbance studies that confirm the existence of a quasi-stable state that is not formed in liquid solution. Studies as a function of dye concentration and temperature support our hypothesis of the role of molecular interactions in the decay and healing process that is mediated by the polymer host.
Metalloantibodies: mercury(II)-dependent acyl transferases.

Abstract A new approach for the elicitation of metal-dependent catalytic antibodies for ester hydrolysis is described. A coordinatively unsaturated mercury complex 1-(Hg) , has been utilized as a hapten to elicit antibodies that incorporate mercury(II) as a Lewis acid cofactor. From a panel of monoclonal antibodies generated to 1-(Hg) , antibody 38G2 was found to hydrolyze the ester 3 in the presence of HgCl 2 [ K m app( 3 )=345 μM; K m app(Hg 2+ )=87 μM; k cat app/ k uncat =3×10 2 ]. This is the first example of a biocatalyst that enlists mercuric ion as a cofactor and it is anticipated that this approach will open new avenues for exploitation of metals thought previously beyond the scope of protein catalysts.
Imitation therapy for non-verbal toddlers:

When imitation skills are not present in young children, speech and language skills typically fail to emerge. There is little information on practices that foster the emergence of imitation skills in general and verbal imitation skills in particular. The present study attempted to add to our limited evidence base regarding accelerating the development of speech/language in young children who have failed to achieve expected language milestones. Imitation therapy (Zedler, 1972) was utilized for five non-verbal 18—19-month-old children to determine if imitative behavior in the form of sound production could be initiated and increased. Treatment was administered until children reached criteria for consistent imitative sound productions. Following 8—9 weeks of therapy, all five children exhibited significant increases in both the number of vocalizations and the variety of phonemes produced, and they demonstrated regular spontaneous verbal imitation and emergence of phonetically consistent forms. Imitation ther...
Phase Equilibria in Liquid Crystalline Systems Part II. Theory and Interpretation of Experimental Results

Characteristic temperatures T* have been evaluated for the oligomeric p-oxybenzoates, C6H5CO(-OC6H4CO)n-2-OC6H5 from the transition temperatures TNI presented in the preceding paper. For n = 3, 4 and 5 they are, respectively, 343, 316 and 306 K. These parameters that measure the intensities of the orientation-dependent intermolecular interactions are correlated with the optical anisotropy Δα and the average intermolecular cohesive energy expressed by the characteristic pressure p*. The characteristic temperature T* decreases slightly with chain length. The lattice theory of nematic fluids is extended to include mixtures of rodlike molecules having different characteristic temperatures T* in order to treat binary and ternary mixtures of the p-oxybenzoate oligomers. The wide biphasic gaps predicted for the several binary systems and the concomitant pronounced partitioning of the components between the nematic and isotropic phases are not confirmed by experiments. Compositions of the coexisting phases in ternary systems were found to be identical within limits of experimental determinations. These marked departures from theory are explicable on the premise that facile rotational diffusion of the nematogens here considered, which are of comparatively low chain length, leads to rapid generation of ordered domains of large dimensions. Subsequent diffusional transport over the required distances consequently is very slow. The transition temperatures observed in binary systems are in excellent agreement with calculations carried out in the “single component” approximation using mean values of the axial ratio and of T* for the mixture, these being taken to be the same in the two phases at equal concentrations.
The Bad Boys and Girls of Cyberspace: How Gender and Context Impact Perception of and Reaction to Trolling

A significant feature of virtual interactions involve online deviance and trolling; these include behaviors that range from mild mischief, to offensive language, to hacking and trolling, and to expression of complex social problem, such as by revolutionaries, freedom fighters, or pedophiles. Yet little research has examined online trolling in general or the impact of gender and context on these behaviors in particular. By focusing on the effects of gender and context on perceptions of and reactions to online trolling, this article enhances Suler and Phillips' framework for online deviance. Results indicate that men and women react differently to online trolling, and their perceptions of the impact of trolling on online communities vary; men and women identify different motivations for similar behaviors in different communities, and they both perceive that men and women trolls differ in their behavior and motivation. The study concludes with suggestions for future research.
A model of scorpion toxin binding to voltage-gated K+ channels.

Mutational studies have identified part of the S5-S6 loop of voltage-dependent K+ channels (P region) responsible for tetraethylammonium (TEA) block and permeation properties. Several scorpion peptide toxins — charybdotoxin (ChTX), kaliotoxin (KITX), and agitoxin (AgTX) — also block the channel with high affinity and specificity. Here, we examine the interaction predicted when the toxins are docked onto the molecular model of the K+ channel pore that we recently proposed. Docking with the model of the Kv1.3 channel started by location of Lys-27 side chain into the central axis of the pore, followed by energy minimization. In the optimal arrangement, Arg-24 of KITX or AgTX forms a hydrogen bond with the Asp-386 carboxyl of one subunit, and Asn-30 is in immediate contact with Asp-386 of the opposing subunit in the tetramer. Toxin residues in proximity to the side chain of Lys-27 (Phe-25, Thr-36, Met-29, and Ser-11 in KITX) interact with the four C-end His-404s. For ChTX the interaction with Asp-386 is reduced, but this is compensated by additional nonbonded interactions formed by Tyr-36 and Arg-34. Comparison of calculated energy of interaction of these specific toxin-channel residues with experimental studies reveals good agreement. The similar total calculated energy of interaction is consistent with the similar IC50 for Kv1.3 block by KITX and AgTX. Steric contacts of residues in position 380 of the S5-P linker with residues on the upper part of toxins permit reconstruction of the K+ channel outer vestibule walls, which are about 30 A apart and about 9 A high. Molecular modeling shows complementarity of the pore model to toxin spacial structures, and supports the proposal that the N-terminal borders of the P regions surround residues of their C-terminal halves.
Chemistry of the dufour's gland secretion of halictine bees

Abstract 1. 1. The chemistry of the Dufour's gland secretions of nine species of halictine bees in the genera Agapostemon, Augochlorella, Dialictus, Lasioglossum and Evylaeus has been investigated. 2. 2. The macrocyclic lactones octadecanolide, eicosanolide and docosanolide were identified in nearly all species, and octadecenolide was detected in the secretion of at least one species. 3. 3. Docosanolide has not been previously identified as an insect natural product. 4. 4. The hydrocabones n-heptacosane and n-tricosane frequently accompanied the lactones. 5. 5. The biosynthesis of the lactones and their role in halictine biology are discussed.
Vapor flux associated with return flow over the Gulf of Mexico: a sensitivity study using adjoint modeling

The moisture flux associated with a return-flow event in the Gulf ofMexico is studied with the aidof a regional forecastmodel and its adjoint.The adjointmodel allows us to determine the derivativesof some aspect of the model output (a scalar, J) with respect to elements of the control vector(initial and boundary conditions). We choose J to be the northward moisture flux through avertical cross section in the northwestern corner of the Gulf at the time when the moisture surgein the US is a maximum. The sensitivities (VJ) are used in conjunction with a set of optimalperturbations to estimate the impact of each of the perturbations on the moisture flux. The perturbationsare chosen to have the structure of the sensitivities (making them optimal as describedin the text), with magnitudes based on the (assumed) uncertainties in the model’s initial andboundary conditions. The linear impact estimate is simply the projection of the perturbation ontothe sensitivity fields. In complementary fashion, we introduce perturbations into the nonlinearforecast model and decompose the actual impact on J into thermodynamic and dynamic components,in order to better understand the nature of the sensitivity. From this numerical experimentwe conclude the following. J is more sensitive to the temperature field than to the other prognosticvariables, roughly by a factor of 3 or 4, based on the optimal perturbations used here. The sensitivityto each of the 3-D prognostic variables peaks in the lower atmosphere near 85 kPa. The sensitivityof J to the sea surface temperature (T s , a fixed boundary condition) increases with forecast length.More than 30 h before the verification time, the impact of an optimal perturbation to T s is comparableto the impact of an optimal perturbation to the whole 3-D air temperature field. The zonesof sensitivity to the T s are intimately tied to the trajectories of low-level air which terminate at thecross section. The impact of an optimal perturbation to the topography along the Sierra MadreOriental mountains is comparable to the impact of optimal perturbations in each of the 3-Dprognostic variables (except T ). DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0870.2001.01108.x
Nonlinear impacts upon frontal cyclones from dipole surface temperature anomalies

The effects of surface temperature anomalies (STAs) upon frontal cyclones are investigated with a nonlinear model. The model used is a modified version of the NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM 1). The experiments are run with hemispheric domain and R 30 (rhomboidal) truncation. The present study isolates the effects of sensible heating. Topography and latent heating are excluded from this model. The initial data are created from a solution (normal mode) to the linear eigenvalue problem. Six experiments use various locations and intensities for dipole-shaped STA; one control case is run without STA. The intensity is either ±5 or ±10°K and the anomalies ae located at 40°N, 50°N, or 35°N. The jet is centered at 40°N. All cases are run for 20 days. Nonlinear, time-dependent, growth rate and phase frequency are derived and compared to the linear (eigenvalue) amounts.
Gender, Work, and Culture: Why the Industrial Revolution Came Early to England but Late to China:

Neither technical inability nor population/resource imbalances prevented China from developing mechanized cotton-spinning. However, restrictions on the deployment of female labor outside the home, ...
Alanyl dipeptide potential‐derived net atomic charges and bond dipoles, and their variation with molecular conformation

The elctric potential around the alanyl dipeptide in various conformations was calculated from ab initio 6–31G wave functions. Seven conformations were selected to correspond to calculated local energy minima of the isolated molecule. Five additional conformations were selected corresponding to the alanylalanine crystal structure and the polypeptide conformations in a right-handed α-helix, left-handed α-helix, parallel β-sheet, and anti-parallel β-sheet. The electric potential surrounding each conformer was fitted with either net charges at atomic sites or dipolles at bond sites by least squares. Either choice reproduced the electric potential with relative rms deviations of 1.9–4.8%. Values for net atomic charges or bond dipoles were usually in line with expectations based on electronegativity. The imino and carbonyl groups showed their expected polarities, although there were considerable deviations from zero group charge. Net atomic charges on and near the α-carbon changed substantially with the conformation angles; bond dipoles around the α-carbon showed analogous behavior.
Topological analysis of the electron density in model azolium systems for thiamin structure-function: sulfur is the electron sink and positively polarized carbanions act as nucleophiles.

The mechanism of thiamin diphosphate-dependent enzyme reactions requires two carbanion intermediates 1a and 1b. Neither has been isolated nor detected, but resonance stabilization is assumed to occur with the thiazolium quaternary nitrogen being the electron sink. We have questioned the electronic nature of these carbanion intermediates and, in a broader sense, the role of sulfur in the thiazolium moiety. To address these issues the theory of atoms in molecules (AIM) was used to acquire quantitative electron distributions in thiazolium 2, oxazolium 3, and imidazolium 4 as cations and zwitterions. Among the heteroatoms, only sulfur acts as an electron sink. This is corroborated by a similar behavior in phosphorothioates. Further, the formal carbanion at C2 and Cα of the intermediates are positively charged and their nucleophilic character is explained with AIM theory by comparison with the σC- of model 5a and πC- of model 6a. C2 of 2a excels in lone-pair coverage in the σ-plane, surpassing the σC- in acycl...
Determination of products of combustion from fires involving solvents commonly carried by rail

Abstract The apparatus and protocols used to determine the semi-volatile products of combustion from controlled laboratory-scale fires are presented. Products of combustion were collected in a sampling train consisting of a filter (heated to 160°C) and Tenax and charcoal sorbent tubes. The Tenax tubes were extracted with cyclohexane and the extracts analyzed. Quantitative measurement of the semi-volatile components was made using gas chromatography/flame ionization detection and identification of the products was performed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The results for sixteen solvents commonly carried by rail are presented.
A novel acid proteinase relased by hybridoma cells

An acid proteinase has been detected in culture supernate of the 9.2.27 murine hybridoma. This enzyme extensively degrades albumin and transferrin during short incubations at pH 3 and below. Limited proteolysis of the 9.2.27 IgG2a appears to occur in the culture supernate. Proteolysis is enhanced at low pH in the presence of urea or 1 M acetic acid. The proteinase activity accumulates in continuous perfusion, total cell recycle cultures, beginning during exponential growth of the hybridoma. It is destroyed by boiling and blocked by pepstatin, but not by inhibitors of cysteine or serine proteinases or by EDTA. The low pH optimum may distinguish this enzyme from the known rat and mouse aspartic acid proteinases including cathepsin D and cathepsin E.
Systemic hemodynamic, neurohormonal, and renal effects of a steady-state infusion of human brain natriuretic peptide in patients with hemodynamically decompensated heart failure

Abstract Background: Human brain natriuretic peptide (hBNP) is a promising agent for the treatment of decompensated cardiac failure. However, the systemic hemodynamic, neurohormonal, and renal effects of hBNP have been incompletely studied in human heart failure. Methods and Results: The effects of a continuous 4-hour infusion of hBNP were determined in 16 decompensated heart failure patients in an invasive, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients were evaluated during three 4-hour study periods: baseline, treatment (placebo [n = 4] versus hBNP 0.025 or 0.05 μg/kg/min [n = 12]), and post-treatment. Urinary volume losses were replaced hourly to separate the vasodilatory and diuretic effects of hBNP Two patients in the hBNP group were excluded from the analysis because of adverse events. hBNP significantly ( P −5 ( P P Conclusions: 1) The predominant hemodynamic effects of hBNP were a decrease in cardiac preload and systemic vascular resistance. 2) hBNP also improved cardiac output without increasing heart rate. 3) Plasma norepinephrine and aldosterone levels decreased during hBNP infusion. 4) hBNP is pharmacologically active and has potential in the therapy for decompensated heart failure.
Haemolytic uraemic syndrome in the defined population of Northeast of Scotland

Twenty seven cases of haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (HUS) were admitted to the Royal Aberdeen Children's Hospital between 1978 and 1989. All cases were from the defined childhood population of the Grampian region of Northeast of Scotland. Thirteen cases were admitted during the 2-year period 1987–1988 (Group 1). Of the 13 cases, 9 (Group 1a) were admitted within the 11-month period between August 1987 and June 1988, and were from a small area (7 miles radius) within and around the City of Aberdeen. Their mean age was 7.1 years. Twelve cases of HUS were admitted between 1978 and 1986 and 2 cases were admitted in 1989 (total 14 cases; Group 2). Mean age was 3.0 years with no geographical clustering. The average annual incidence for group 2 was 1.25 per 100,000 children 0–16 years old.
Using DIBELS: A Survey of Purposes and Practices

Using a mail survey and face-to-face interviews, this study explored educators' use of and perceptions about DIBELS, a widely used reading assessment and intervention instrument. Analysis included tabulations and a conceptual analysis of extended responses. Most frequent uses for DIBELS included identification of at-risk students, intervention development, and progress monitoring. However, respondents were less clear about how progress monitoring data informed their instruction and whether DIBELS was aligned with state-mandated testing. Time issues were perceived as both positive (quick to administer) and negative (administered individually and repeatedly) factors. Mirroring the literature, respondents expressed both strong positive and negative views about DIBELS.
The Nursing Care Quality Initiative and its Influence on Nurses’ Clinical Care and Professionalism: One Solution to Nurse Retention?

The Nursing Care Quality Initiative (NCQI) is a collaborative project between the North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System and Mount Sinai New York University Health. Eighteen patient care units within 10 hospitals are involved in the NCQI Project, which is focused on preparing staff nurses as family-centered geriatric resource nurses (FCGRNs) to improve the quality of care provided to hospitalized elders and their families. This article describes the basic program that has been implemented and focuses on the qualitative results from both anecdotal reports of family members and nurses and interviews among the FCGRNs. Preliminary results confirm the increased satisfaction among family members and the increase in knowledge of nurses and reports of enhanced professionalism. The authors link these issues of nurse retention.
VI. Semiclassical quantization methods in field theory

This is an overview of the semiclassical WKB method which has been developed by R. DASHEN, B. HASSLACHER and myself in Ref. 1 and which can be applied to finding solutions to field theories which are inaccessible to perturbation techniques.
OP0282 Verbally Administered Patient Global Assessments and Assessments of Disease Activity Demonstrate Good Correlation with Traditional Written Versions: The Talk-the-Line Observational Study

Background Patient global assessments (PGA) of disease activity as measured by self-administered visual analog scales (VAS) are widely used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) clinical practice and research trials. These patient outcome measures facilitate the incorporation of the patient’s perspective in assessing disease activity. However, completion of this self-administered instrument requires patients to use a written instrument and comprehend both the wording of the PGA question and the translation of disease activity on to a VAS. These activities present a challenge to patients with limited health literacy, as well as those with neurologic disease, severe deformities, visual impairment or those unable or unwilling to complete forms. Objectives To validate PGA-VAS read by patients who provide a verbal numeric response (VO-PGA1) and PGA-VAS read to patients who provide a verbal numeric response (VO-PGA2). We examined PGA-VAS using the language of the multi-dimentional health assessment questionnaire (MD-HAQ) and the disease activity score with 28 joint count (DAS28). Methods Subjects meeting the 1987 American Rheumatism Association criteria for rheumatoid arthritis who attended the Denver Health Rheumatology Clinic were enrolled. Patients completed a PGA-VAS at the beginning of their clinical visit and following their clinic visit. Every patient completed the traditional written PGA-VAS and one of the VO-PGA’s, and the order of PGA-VAS were randomly assigned. For the VO-PGAs, subjects either read the instructions/question and provided a verbal numeric response (VO-PGA1), had the instructions/question read to them and provided a verbal numeric response (VO-PGA2), or had the instructions/question read to them over the phone immediately following the clinic visit and provided a verbal numeric response (VO-PGA2p). Spearman correlations comparing traditional PGA-VAS’s with VO-PGAs were determined for the various responses. Results Conclusions Verbally administered PGA-VAS demonstrate good, though not excellent, correlation with traditional PGA-VAS captured on forms. The correlation was similar between PGA-VAS utilizing language of the MD-HAQ compared to that of the DAS28 and administering the PGA-VAS over the phone produced comparable results. Our findings support the adoption of these patient-reported outcomes using verbal approaches, which will serve patients otherwise excluded from traditional means of data collection. Extensive surveys have been completed to identify the source of patient’s confusion in completing PGA-VAS and this analysis is ongoing. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
Influence of various agonists and antagonists on the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue in vitro.

Abstract Various agonists and antagonists of free fatty acid (FFA) release from rat epididymal fat tissue have been investigated. It has been established that all catecholamines tested have equal intrinsic activities but vary in their affinity constants (pD2 values) in this system. Thus the order established for affinity is isopropyl rmarterenol > epinephrine > norepinephrine > dopamine. Tyramine and amphetamine were evaluated and found to be inactive in releasing FFA. Desmethylimipramine, imipramine, andn chlorpromazine were found to be antagonists of the norepinephrine-induced release of FFA in vitro. Noncompetitive inhibition was evident for desmethylimipramine and imipramine, whereas chlorpromazine appeared to be a competitive inhibitor of the system.
Toward a framework for bridging the gap between science and practice in prevention: A focus on evaluator and practitioner perspectives

In the past decade, government agencies and foundations have funded numerous community-driven initiatives in the area of prevention that have demonstrated mixed results in terms of outcomes and impacts. This article addresses several challenges faced by community-driven initiatives that may limit the attainment of significant program outcomes. A preliminary framework is presented that identifies the current state of prevention practice, the contributions of prevention science, and the barriers that limit the reciprocal transfer of knowledge between practice and science. Evaluation strategies are also presented which address these barriers, potentially bridging the gap between prevention science and prevention practice. The perspectives of those in the field are included through the presentation of the results of a survey of 101 Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (CSAP) project directors, evaluators, and consultants. Although the focus is on evaluator and practitioner perspectives, the purpose of the paper is to stimulate discussion and action among the multiple stakeholders in the field of prevention.
Mapping the Sw-5 locus for tomato spotted wilt virus resistance in tomatoes using RAPD and RFLP analyses

The Sw-5 locus confers dominant resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). To map the location and facilitate the identification of markers linked to Sw-5 we developed a pair of near-isogenic lines (NILs) and an F2 Lycopersicon esculentum x L. pennellii population segregating for resistance to TSWV. DNA from the NILs was analyzed using 748 random 10-mer oligonucleotides to discern linked molecular markers using a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) approach. One random primer (GAGCACGGGA) was found to produce a RAPD band of about 2200 bp that demonstrates linkage to Sw-5. Data from co-segregation of resistance and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in a F2 interspecific population position Sw-5 between the markers CT71 and CT220 near the telomere of the long arm of chromosome 9.
Simulating cortical networks on heterogeneous multi-GPU systems

Abstract Recent advances in neuroscientific understanding have highlighted the highly parallel computation power of the mammalian neocortex. In this paper we describe a GPGPU-accelerated implementation of an intelligent learning model inspired by the structural and functional properties of the neocortex. Furthermore, we consider two inefficiencies inherent to our initial implementation and propose software optimizations to mitigate such problems. Analysis of our application’s behavior and performance provides important insights into the GPGPU architecture, including the number of cores, the memory system, atomic operations, and the global thread scheduler. Additionally, we create a runtime profiling tool for the cortical network that proportionally distributes work across the host CPU as well as multiple GPGPUs available to the system. Using the profiling tool with these optimizations on Nvidia’s CUDA framework, we achieve up to 60× speedup over a single-threaded CPU implementation of the model.
Learning and transfer in dynamic decision environments

An important aspect of learning is the ability to transfer knowledge to new contexts. However, in dynamic decision tasks, such as bargaining, firefighting, and process control, where decision makers must make repeated decisions under time pressure and outcome feedback may relate to any of a number of decisions, such transfer has proven elusive. This paper proposes a two-stage connectionist model which hypothesizes that decision makers learn to identify categories of evidence requiring similar decisions as they perform in dynamic environments. The model suggests conditions under which decision makers will be able to use this ability to help them in novel situations. These predictions are compared against those of a one-stage decision model that does not learn evidence categories, as is common in many current theories of repeated decision making. Both models' predictions are then tested against the performance of decision makers in an Internet bargaining task. Both models correctly predict aspects of decision makers' learning under different interventions. The two-stage model provides closer fits to decision maker performance in a new, related bargaining task and accounts for important features of higher-performing decision makers' learning. Although frequently omitted in recent accounts of repeated decision making, the processes of evidence category formation described by the two-stage model appear critical in understanding the extent to which decision makers learn from feedback in dynamic tasks.
22q11.2 Deletion Status and Disease Burden in Children and Adolescents With Tetralogy of Fallot

Background—Patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot experience variable outcomes for reasons that are incompletely understood. We hypothesize that genetic variants contribute to this variability....
Zooplankton abundance in the lower Orinoco River, Venezuela

Zooplankton were sampled quantitatively in the lower Orinoco River and three major tributaries (Apure, Caura, Caroni). Dominant taxa were euplanktonic, which suggests origin from standing waters. In the Orinoco, densities for rotifers (mean, 7.6 ind. liter -I) were greater than those for cladocerans (0.9 ind. liter-I) or copepods (1.2 ind. liter-‘), but cladocerans accounted for more than half oftotal biomass (0.5 kg C liter -I). Average tributary contributions to zooplankton transport in the lower Orinoco (873 kg C d-l) were proportional to their average discharges. Extensive fringing floodplain along the lower Orinoco contributed very little to total transport. At low water in the Orinoco, when there was no contact with the floodplain, the transport of copepods (mainly nauplii) and Bosmina increased downstream by more than could be ascribed to additions from the tributaries or to reproduction in transit. These zooplankton appear to originate along the river margin, within the channel, and arc probably significant as an energy input for food webs in the channel and as an inoculum to floodplain habitats at the time of inundation.
Understanding Occupational Stress in Child‐Welfare Supervisors1

The consequences of occupational stress include not only physical and psychological illnesses, but also a variety of employment problems. The current study examined stress and physical symptoms reported by a sample of child-welfare supervisors at a state human-services agency. Results indicated that a tendency to suppress angry feelings was related to an increased level of perceived stress and a greater number of physical symptoms. Suppressed anger was also related to dissatisfaction with co-workers. Finally, results did not suggest any significant relationships between type of managerial style typically employed and job satisfaction, perceived stress, anger, or physical symptoms. Results of the present study highlight the importance of focusing on anger expression in interventions developed to address occupational stress.
Diurnal Roosts of Male Evening Bats (Nycticeius Humeralis) in Diversely Managed Pine-Hardwood Forests

ABSTRACT We examined attributes of 45 roost sites used by 17 adult male evening bats (Nycticeius humeralis) in a diverse forested landscape within the Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas. Bats roosted in a diverse array of substrates, including live or dead Pinus echinata ≥15 cm diam at breast height (29% of roosts) and small ( 50 y old) overstory. Twenty-six roosts (58%) were in stands that had undergone partial harvest, midstory removal and burning within the last 6 y, but 13 (50%) of those...
Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Vitamins D2 and D3 in Fortified Milk and Infant Formulas

A liquid chromatographic (LC) method was developed for determining vitamins D2 and D3 in fortified milk and infant formulas. The lipid-soluble components were extracted from the aqueous phase by homogenizing in isopropanol-methylene chloride with magnesium sulfate added to remove water. The vitamins were fractionated from the lipid material by using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) followed by further cleanup of the combined GPC fractions on a muBondapak/NH2 column. Four muStyragel (100 A) columns connected in series were used for GPC fractionation of sample extracts in methylene chloride. Injection and collection were repeated 3 times to collect enough vitamin D for quantitation. The muBondapak/NH2 column, using a mobile phase of methylene chloride-isooctane-isopropanol (600 + 400 + 1), resolved vitamin D from other UV-absorbing compounds and soy sterols in infant formula and from cholesterol in milk. Vitamins D2 and D3 coeluted as one peak, with the resolution and vitamin level sufficient for visual monitoring (280 nm/0.02 absorbance unit full scale) in a collection time of 22-26 min. A Zorbax ODS (6 micron) column and a methylene chloride-acetonitrile-methanol (300 + 700 + 2) mobile phase were used for LC quantitation; vitamins D2 and D3 were baseline resolved in about 11 min. The infant formula samples included ready-to-use and concentrated liquids prepared in nonfat milk base or soy base fortified with vitamins D2 or D3 at 400 IU/qt or L (10 micrograms). The mean percent recovery of added vitamin D3 (400-500 IU/qt) from infant formula (n = 7) was 89.6 +/- 6.7 (coefficient of variation (CV) 7.5%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Epitaxial Growth of CoO (001) and Co3O4 (001) Films on MgO (001) by Pulsed Laser Deposition

Single crystal films of both rocksalt CoO and spinel Co3O4 were epitaxially grown with (001) orientations on MgO(001) substrates by pulsed laser deposition from CoO targets. The samples were characterized with low energy electron diffraction to determine the parallel orientation of the films with respect to the substrate, and x-ray diffraction to determine the perpendicular structure of the films. Both films were determined to have undergone tetragonal distortions, although to different degrees, due to the biaxial stress present in these epitaxial films.
High-Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry Measurements of the Mass Transfer Resistance across a Methane Hydrate Film as a Function of Time and Subcooling

High pressure differential scanning calorimetry was utilized to study the mass transfer rates across methane hydrate films grown at hydrocarbon−water interfaces in a quiescent system, as a function...
Measurement of cure in casting resins by means of electrical properties

The change in d.c. resistance, capacitance and dissipation factor of insulating materials has long been recognized as a means for following changes in resin cure. Moreover, modern measurement techniques now make possible practical factory control methods using very small electrodes for small encapsulated circuits and other types of electrodes on large cast resin structures.
Maculopapulosquamous Dermatosis in Children

The clinical manifestations and the histopathologic picture of types of maculopapulosquamous dermatosis in children vary widely. Therapeutic results obtained from use of topical remedial agents also vary—from prompt response to stubborn resistance. The authors describe the more common types of dermatosis seen in children and suggest therapeutic regimens for each condition in which there is a known specific treatment.
Thinking outside the box: re-evaluating the approach to penetrating cardiac injuries

Penetrating cardiac injuries are infrequent but highly lethal. To address these injuries, cardiopulmonary bypass and cardiothoracic surgery availability are required for Level I trauma center verification. However, acute care surgeons are more readily available for this time-sensitive injury. The purpose of this study was to review an acute care surgery-based experience with penetrating cardiac trauma at an urban Level 1 trauma center. Our hypothesis was that care provided solely by acute care surgeons was both safe and effective for this patient population. All patients with injuries to the ‘cardiac box’ following penetrating thoracic trauma were identified from 2005–2010. Demographic and injury related data were obtained. The types and location of cardiac injury, as well as patient outcomes, were determined from operative reports. 1701 patients with penetrating chest trauma were admitted during the study period. 260 patients were identified as having high-risk injuries and were included in the review. 37 patients underwent resuscitative thoracotomy, with a survival rate of 8 %. 76 patients (29 %) suffered a cardiac injury. 72 % of these patients had a preoperative FAST exam, which had a sensitivity and specificity of 56.5 and 82.5 % respectively. 82 % underwent a pericardial window, which had a positive predictive value of 81.4 %. 61 % (n = 46) of the patients with a cardiac injury survived, while the overall death rate in this cohort was 21 %. No patients in the cohort required cardiopulmonary bypass for emergent repair of cardiac injury and acute care surgeons performed all cases. Penetrating injury to the heart is highly lethal and time-sensitive. Increasingly, FAST and subxyphoid pericardial window are relied upon to make the diagnosis in patients arriving in varying stages of shock to the resuscitation room. Acute care surgeons are the most appropriate surgeons to care for these injuries and provide safe and effective care.
MRI of ovarian torsion: Correlation of imaging features with the presence of perifollicular hemorrhage and ovarian viability.

Abstract Purpose The purpose of our study is to test for: (a) correlation between the presence of a perifollicular T2-hypointense rim on MRI with the presence of perifollicular hemorrhage on histology; and (b) correlation between this finding and diminished ovarian viability after intra-operative detorsion. Methods and materials Our IRB-approved, retrospective study evaluated 780 patients between August 2012 and February 2016 with ovarian torsion as a diagnostic consideration on the emergency department note. Patients were included if they had preoperative MRI and intraoperatively confirmed case of ovarian torsion. MRIs were retrospectively reviewed for presence of perifollicular T2 hypointense rim in the torsed ovary. Two arms of analysis were performed: (a) assessment of perifollicular hemorrhage on histological exam; and (b) assessment of ovarian viability after intra-operative detorsion. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of MRI for predicting ovarian viability in the setting of torsion was performed. κ test assessed level of agreement between readers. Results 24 patients included in one of the two arms; 20 in viability analysis and 12 in perifollicular hemorrhage analysis (8 in both). The presence of T2-hypointense rim on MRI demonstrated 88.9% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity for the diagnosis of perifollicular hemorrhage on histology, and 91.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity for predicting intraoperative viability. Conclusion The presence of a perifollicular T2 hypointense rim on MRI in the setting of ovarian torsion correlates with perifollicular hemorrhage on histopathologic exam, and may also be a useful predictor of ovarian viability in patients presenting with ovarian torsion.
Movement behaviour of woodland salamanders is repeatable and varies with forest age in a fragmented landscape.

Landscape modification (loss, fragmentation and degradation of habitat) is a universal form of human-induced rapid environmental change that creates strong spatial variation in environmental conditions. Behaviourally mediated responses to landscape modification may generate behavioural divergence among populations along environmental gradients. We tested whether movement behaviour of red-backed salamanders, Plethodon cinereus, is repeatable and whether it varies within and between forest stands of different ages in a fragmented landscape in New York, U.S.A. Water loss is a major constraint on P. cinereus mobility, and forest fragmentation creates spatial variation in desiccation risk. We quantified multiple components of individual movement behaviour in an unfamiliar environment in the laboratory and used ordination to identify behavioural variation among individuals in multivariate space. We tested for repeatability of individual behaviour and then examined behavioural differences between individuals captured from populations at two spatial scales where desiccation risk was expected to vary: (1) between edge and interior locations within forest stands and (2) between forest stands varying in time since agricultural abandonment. Variation in movement behaviour among individuals was characterized by three components: total movement activity (e.g. surface activity, distance moved, boundary crossings), substrate use (time on moist soil versus dry sand) and latency to initial movement. Each behavioural component was significantly repeatable. At the population level, individuals from old forest stands (≥77 years) showed greater movement activity than individuals from young stands. Movement behaviour did not differ between individuals from edge and interior locations within forest stands. Our results demonstrate that P. cinereus individuals show consistent differences in movement behaviour in an unfamiliar environment. Moreover, we show that movement behaviour can be spatially structured within fragmented landscapes, but that behavioural divergence among populations depends on spatial scale.