cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Nitrate–Nitrite–Nitric Oxide Pathway in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Therapeutics

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disorder characterized by elevated vascular resistance in pulmonary arterioles. Progressive increases in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary artery pressures result in right heart failure and reduced cardiac output. Patients experience progressive exertional dyspnea, right heart failure, syncope, and ultimately death. The common pathophysiological features of PAH include pulmonary vasoconstriction, intimal and smooth muscle proliferation, in situ thrombosis, and pathological remodeling of pulmonary arterial circulation. Although the origin of PAH is multifactorial, impairments in vasodilator (nitric oxide [NO] and prostaglandin signaling) and vasoconstrictor (endothelin-1, reactive oxygen species, angiotensin II) pathways underlie the evolution of early disease.1 Based on this knowledge, drugs that enhance the NO signaling pathways (phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors), the prostenoids, and endothelin receptor blockers, have been developed and approved for PAH-specific therapy. Article see p 2922 Inhaled NO gas can alleviate vasoconstriction and may modulate cellular proliferative responses, but NO therapy is limited by the need for continuous inhalation, NO reactions with oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide, and special delivery devices. It is now appreciated that inorganic nitrite and nitrate are bio-transformed to NO via the nitrate-to-nitrite-to-NO pathway,2 leading to studies with inhaled nitrite as an alternative to NO gas inhalation.3,4 In this issue of Circulation , Baliga and colleagues5 investigate the nitrate-to-nitrite-to-NO pathway by studying the effects of oral nitrite and nitrate on preclinical mouse and rat models of PAH, and then attempt to characterize the enzymes that regulate bioconversion of nitrite to NO. They find that both nitrate and nitrite delivered in drinking water can prevent and reverse experimental PAH in the hypoxic and bleomycin mouse models, which is consistent with published models for in vivo conversion of nitrite to NO.6–8 They also provide unexpected evidence that eNOS may have nitrite reductase …
Selecting antihypertensive drug therapy: the JNC-V controversy.

ABSTRACT Objective To present both the supporting and the opposing arguments for the fifth set of recommendations issued by the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC). Methods The published studies are reviewed, and the various opinions are discussed. Results The 1993 recommendation from the JNC that diuretics or β-adrenergic blockers be preferred for therapy in most patients with hypertension has proved controversial. This recommendation derived primarily from recent long-term studies showing convincing reductions in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality when these agents are used to control hypertension. Comparable data have not yet been obtained for newer agents, such as calcium channel blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Nonetheless, some critics of the JNC recommendation still favor the newer agents because of their putatively superior side-effect profile, from both a metabolic and a compliance standpoint. Conclusion The issue of optimal antihypertensive drug therapy will not be definitively resolved until longterm studies directly comparing the various classes of agents are completed in future years. (Endocr Pract. 1997; 3:42-46)
Adenosine2A Receptors and Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids A Recipe for Salt and Blood Pressure Regulation

Salt has been used as a food preservative and part of the human diet for thousands of years. Consequently, human dietary sodium chloride intake is significantly higher than that needed to sustain life. Fortunately, kidneys function to regulate sodium chloride excretion to maintain proper levels of sodium chloride and extracellular volume when dietary salt intake changes. If the kidneys are properly functioning, then an increase in dietary salt intake results in increased sodium chloride excretion (natriuresis), and extracellular fluid volume remains unchanged. On the other hand, if the kidneys do not function properly to excrete sodium chloride, then extracellular fluid volume expansion occurs, and an elevation in blood pressure is required to bring extracellular fluid volume and plasma sodium back to homeostatic levels. The report by Liclican et al1 in this issue of Hypertension provides convincing evidence that a properly functioning axis that includes adenosine2A (A2A) receptors and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) is required for the kidneys to respond to increased dietary salt intake. A balance between salt intake and salt excretion is maintained by a coordinated effort that relies heavily on proper kidney function. When dietary salt intake is increased, there are neural, hormonal, and paracrine factors, as well as the proper function of renal blood vessels and tubular epithelial cell transporters, working in unison to excrete the excess salt. EETs have …
What Becomes of Things on Film on Film: Adaptation in Owen Land (George Landow)

The importance of adaptation in studies of the American structural film movement has been underestimated. Three works by Owen Land (George Landow) from the 1970s are analysed in depth: Remedial Reading Comprehension, Wide Angle Saxon, and On the Marriage Broker Joke in Sigmund Freud's Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious, or, Can the Avant-Garde Artist Be Wholed? Land's understanding of language and the language of cinema evolves towards a more post-structuralist account of meaning. His development parallels and complements that of Stanley Cavell in the same period.
Avian P1 antigens inhibit agglutination mediated by P fimbriae of uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Whole egg white from pigeon, dove, and cockatiel eggs, as well as the ovomucoid fraction of pigeon egg white, exhibited strong P1 antigenic activities and inhibited agglutination of human P1 erythrocytes and of digalactoside-coated latex beads by P-fimbriated Escherichia coli strains. In contrast, chicken egg white exhibited only weak P1 antigenic activity and had little impact on P-fimbrial agglutination. These preparations did not affect hemagglutination by E. coli strains expressing mannose-resistant adhesins other than P fimbriae, i.e., Dr, F1845, and S adhesins. Human anti-P1 serum diminished the P-fimbrial inhibitory activities of pigeon egg white and pigeon ovomucoid. Pigeon ovomucoid was equipotent on a molar basis with globoside, and the pigeon, dove, and cockatiel egg white preparations were equipotent with each other in P-fimbrial inhibition. Incubation of p erythrocytes in whole egg whites or in pigeon ovomucoid did not render them agglutinable by P-fimbriated bacteria, whereas incubation in globoside did. These data demonstrate that whole egg whites (and their ovomucoid fraction) from members of the families Columbidae (pigeons and doves) and Psittacidae (parrots) specifically and potently inhibit P-fimbrial agglutination, probably by providing P1 antigen as a receptor for the P-fimbrial adhesin. Avian egg white preparations may facilitate adhesin characterization of wild-type uropathogenic strains and may useful in preventing upper urinary tract infections due to P-fimbriated E. coli.
Turbo decoder implementation

Recently, turbo code has gathered much attention for its outstanding performance. However, its complexity and decoding latency are severe drawbacks. Turbo code has been adopted in the 3GPP specification as one of the channel coding schemes. To implement a turbo decoder compliant with the 3GPP specification, the author adopted the sliding window method and devised a way to simplify the E-function of the MAP algorithm. This paper covers the optimum sliding window size and piecewise-linear E-function. In addition, implementing a scheme using the sliding window algorithm is covered. This focuses on implementing an interleaver and deinterleaver. The turbo decoder described is designed according to the 3GPP specification, and every simulation was done under AWGN.
Ultrastructural observations in the rat ileal mucosa of possible epithelial “taste cells” and submucosal sensory neurons

Electronmicroscopical studies of the rat ileum have demonstrated the presence of submucosal neuronlike cells located just under the basal lamina of intestinal crypts. These cells had dendrite-like processes and frequently made contacts with adjacent submucosal nerve terminals. Furthermore, within the mucosa epithelial "clear' cells with apical cytoplasmic processes into the gut lumen and basal cytoplasmic processes extending underneath adjacent epithelial cells were demonstrated. The "clear' cells were devoid of secretory granules, as e.g. endocrine cells, and had a morphological resemblance to taste cells. Occasionally the "clear' cells made contacts with submucosal nerve terminals. The possibility that the "clear' cells and submucosal neuronlike cells represent a receptive function within the intestine is discussed.
STUDIES ON PERMEABILITY OF MEMBRANES : V. THE DIFFUSION OF NON-ELECTROLYTES THROUGH THE DRIED COLLODION MEMBRANE.

A study has been made of the relative rates at which various organic non-electrolytes diffuse through the dried collodion membrane. It was found that acetone and urea pass through the membrane many times more rapidly than glycerine and that glycerine in its turn diffuses much faster than glucose. It was also demonstrated that the rate of diffusion varies directly with the difference in concentration between the solutions on the two sides of the membrane. It was shown that the presence of glycerine on the two sides of the membrane did not appreciably affect the rate of diffusion of acetone. In a study of the changes going on during the establishment of the stationary diffusion gradient with glucose experiments were described which strongly suggested that many of the membrane channels may gradually become clogged up with glucose molecules so that the diffusion rate decreases from day to day until the stationary gradient is finally reached. In explaining the various experimental data the conception of the collodion membrane as a sieve with pores approximating in smallness the size of individual molecules was utilized. The large differences in the diffusion rates between different substances were then referred to differences in molecular size, the relatively large molecules of glycerine and glucose being unable to pass through many of the smaller pores available for urea and acetone. From the data available it was possible to estimate that 98 per cent of the pore area distributed among holes large enough for the diffusion of acetone was unavailable for the passage of glycerine and that only 0.3 per cent of the pore area available for acetone could be utilized by glucose. In trying to correlate the ratio between the diffusion rates of two different substances with the characteristic concentration potential (Co P) given by the same membrane it was found (1) that with the acetone-glycerine ratio there is no correspondence (2) that with the acetone-glucose ratio a suggestive relation exists and (3) that with the glycerine-glucose ratio a definite correspondence can be shown, the higher ratios being obtained only with membranes giving high CO P values. A rational explanation for these facts was proposed.
The Quality ‘Journey’ At Ascension Health: How We’ve Prevented At Least 1,500 Avoidable Deaths A Year—And Aim To Do Even Better

A decade ago the Institute of Medicine estimated that 44,000–98,000 preventable deaths occur each year in US hospitals. The leaders of Ascension Health—one of the nation’s largest health care delivery networks, with sixty-nine hospitals in twenty states and the District of Columbia—dedicated themselves to preventing equivalent numbers of deaths in their system. In 2003 they set a goal of reducing preventable deaths by 900 each year by 2008. By fiscal year 2010 Ascension Health had reduced preventable deaths by more than 1,500 people annually and, by some calculations, by more than 5,000 people annually, compared to 2004. Ascension Health had also achieved important improvements in preventing birth trauma and reducing rates of pressure ulcers and hospital-acquired infections. The health care system could achieve even greater results by adopting the safety principles used in high-reliability entities such as the nuclear power industry. The adoption of such principles can lead to impressive improvements in h...
Measurement and interpretation of isoprene fluxes and isoprene, methacrolein, and methyl vinyl ketone mixing ratios at the PROPHET site during the 1998 Intensive

[1] Mixing ratios of isoprene, methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), and methacrolein (MACR) were determined continuously during an 8-day period in the summer of 1998 at a rural forested site located within the University of Michigan Biological Station (UMBS). The measurements were obtained as part of the Program for Research on Oxidants: Photochemistry, Emissions, and Transport (PROPHET) study. Fluxes of isoprene were concurrently measured at a nearby tower (AmeriFlux, located 132 m north-northeast of the PROPHET tower). Following the study, 1-km-resolution emission estimates were derived for isoprene within a 60-km radius of the tower using forest density estimates (Biogenic Emissions Inventory System (BEIS3) model). Measured isoprene fluxes at the site compared well with modeled isoprene fluxes when using BEIS3 and a detailed leaf litter-fall data set by tree species from the UMBS site. Mean midday (1000–1400 LT) mixing ratios for isoprene, MACR, and MVK were 1.90 ± 0.43, 0.07 ± 0.01, and 0.14 ± 0.04 ppbv, respectively. Median midday mixing ratios of these compounds were 1.96 ± 0.26, 0.06 ± 0.02, and 0.10 ± 0.02 ppbv, respectively. Ratios of the isoprene oxidation products to isoprene are understood in the context of previous laboratory and field measurement studies of these compounds and a simple consecutive reaction scheme model. Results of the model indicate that the air masses studied represented relatively fresh emissions with a photochemical age of measured isoprene between 3.6 and 18 min, which is significantly less than the photochemical lifetime of isoprene (τ = 45 min at [OH] = 3.35 × 106 molecules cm−3). Thus a large portion of the isoprene that reaches the manifold has not had time to react completely with OH, yielding lower than expected ratios based on model calculations that do not explicitly take this into account. A rapid decrease in isoprene mixing ratios was observed soon after sunset, followed by a slower decay throughout the rest of the night. Emission maps were generated indicating that isoprene fluxes are highest in the immediate vicinity of the tower compared to the surrounding area of the site. Thus vertical diffusion and advection from the surrounding region are postulated to cause the observed initial rapid decrease in isoprene at the site. The second isoprene decay may be due to chemistry and/or dynamics, but the effects cannot be separated with the available data.
LPSAT: a unified approach to RTL satisfiability

LPSAT is an LP-based comprehensive infrastructure designed to solve the satisfiability (SAT) problem for complex RTL designs containing both word-level arithmetic operators and bit-level Boolean logic. The presented technique uses a mixed integer linear program to model the constraints corresponding to both domains of the design. Our technique renders the constraint propagation between the two domains implicit to the MILP solver thus enhancing the overall efficiency of the SAT framework. The experimental results are quite promising when compared with generic CNF-based and BDD-based SAT algorithms.
Historical Perspectives on the Antaean Animadversion of Vaccine Science in the 21st Century

Anti-vaccine sentiment has been present since the concept of immunization was first introduced by Edward Jenner in the fin de siecle decade of the 18th century in England. This paper considers historical perspectives surrounding contravening and injurious views toward vaccinations. Clinicians and scientists are often perplexed by how seemingly intelligent and caring parents can conclude that scientifically-validated vaccines are dangerous to their children, prompting such parents to refuse to provide some or even all of the vaccines recommended by major organizations in medicine around the world. The pungent philippic of the anti-vaccine community can seem disingenuous and desipient to the science community; unfortunately, this antipodal diatribe is often positively perceived by some members of the public and has been for countless eons. Anti-vaccine animus is not a fugacious movement of lilliputian dimensions but an antaean, amaranthine straw man fallacy with deep roots buried in the zeitgeist of Homo sapiens that has and will cause tragic harm to helpless children from what are vaccine preventable diseases. Appreciation of such concepts can be useful in constructing strategies to improve this 21st century vaccine animadversion. One can accurately adumbrate that failing to effectively address such issues will only lead to more vaccine refusals despite the persistent and impressive progress that is being made in vaccinology. Modern science does not have a nepenthe for the parents who have needlessly lost children because these precious little ones were not vaccinated for a vaccine preventable disease. The silence of the anti-vaccine mantics and maudits in such cases is deafening and pantagruelian.
Analysing the mobility, predictability and evolution of WLAN users

With the proliferation of numerous light weight devices along with the widespread use of Wireless Local Area Networks WLANs in many public places, we are now connected on-the-go more than ever. Such change, in device technology and coverage ubiquity, results in unexplored dynamics and raises several challenging questions. How are these changes affecting the behaviour of mobile users? And how do these changes affect mobile user predictability and the networking protocols that utilise it? To shed light on the changes and how protocols involving the mobility of users can change, we follow a systematic analysis methodology. First, using a three-year long network trace, we study user mobility and its effects on predictability of regular and ultra-mobile users, by analysing the contrast between the mobility of the WLAN users, and four carefully selected sets of ultra-mobile users across various mobility metrics. We also investigate how these differences in mobility affect the predictability of such users' next locations. Then, we study the evolution of user mobility using extensive network traces over five years, and also investigate a series of prediction methods to analyse the evolution of prediction accuracy of these WLAN users. This study of user mobility and predictability paves the way for better understanding of present day mobile users, and gives us insight into the potential evolution of network users' behaviour in the coming future.
How important is correlation in the description of the Ni-H2O interaction

Using very large basis sets, which can accurately describe the polarizability of Ni and H2O and the dipole moment of H2O, the dipole-induced-dipole interaction is shown to be more than 50 percent of the about 4.8 kcal/mole bonding. Dispersion is found to account for the remainder of the bonding; this is significantly less than in previous estimates. The superposition error at the SCF level is essentially zero, and only 0.5 kcal/mole at the SDCI level, and the binding energy has been corrected for this error.
A fast regular expression indexing engine

In this paper; we describe the design, architecture, and lessons learned from the implementation of a fast regular-expression indexing engine FREE. FREE uses a prebuilt index to identify the text data units which may contain a matching string and only examines these further. In this way, FREE shows orders of magnitude performance improvement in certain cases over standard regular expression matching systems, such as lex, awk and grep.
MUSCLE CRAMPS: I

A 52-year-old white male presented for evaluation of moderate azotemia (blood urea nitrogen [BUN] 52 mg/dl and creatinine 5.4 mg/dl). Renal history was positive for hypertension (156/100), nocturia, and polyuria. There was a 10-year history of an idiopathic seizure disorder. Medications were phenytoin 100 po tid and diltiazem 240 mg sustained release bid. An S4 and 1+peripheral edema were the only positive physical findings. Postural blood pressure changes were absent. Laboratory findings included a urinalysis with 2+protein, finely granular casts, and 5–10 WBCs/ HPF. Twenty-four hour urine protein was 1.1 g/24 h. Renal ultrasound: 9.2 cm left, 8.9 cm right kidney, and left renal biopsy demonstrated chronic interstitial nephritis. Other potential causes for interstitial injury were ruled out and phenytoin was discontinued. Prevention of seizures was obtained with phenobarbital. A few months later, the patient complained of excruciating nocturnal cramps in both gastrocnemius, occurring four to five times per night and necessitating hot baths and passive stretching of the calf muscles for temporary relief. Muscle exam was normal; neurologic exam revealed symmetric sensory and motor neuropathy consistent with renal failure. Thyroid function, magnesium, sodium, and calcium concentrations were normal. The patient was treated with vitamin E 400 IU/day with a decreased frequency and severity of cramps. Azotemia progressed to dialysis dependence (continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis [CAPD]). His cramp frequency and intensity on CAPD has waxed and waned. His dry weight has been frequently reassessed and increased as necessary. He has continued vitamin E with periodic use of verapamil or quinine, in addition, for cramp relief.
Coordinated Management of Meaning (CMM) as Reflective Practice for Conflict Resolution Practitioners

People in conflict need to trust the person who acts in the role of third-party intervener so they can be open to more fully address their conflict. This places an enormous amount of responsibility on the practitioner or mediator. Done well this can support the parties’ transformational shift to be able to take up alternative perspectives and move closer to resolving the presenting and underlying issues. Not done well more damage may be caused and can be considered unethical. This means practitioners need to establish a solid foundation of praxis, action and reflection on action, from which to build on, while embracing a mindset, attitude and practice of lifelong development. In this paper two mediators are interviewed using Coordinated Management of Meaning (CMM), a communication theory and practice, to explore mediations they worked on several years ago. Using CMM as a reflective tool helps mediators consider their roles, the decisions they made, the parties involved and the outcomes, to reveal aspects of the mediations they may not have previously considered in order to foster learning to impact subsequent mediations they conduct. The researcher and mediators used CMM Hierarchy, LUUUUTT and Serpentine Models to co-create the mediations being studied. They identified that using CMM tools allowed them to see a broader array of alternative perspectives, be more attentive to dominant and sub-dominant discourses, see the path of escalation more clearly and develop more empathy for the disputing parties.
Speculatorum oculi

Speculatorum Oculi (The Eyes of Spies) comments on current surveillance activities of governments and corporations through an installation that includes an architectural model surveilled with looming video cameras providing live feeds to a set of video monitors. These monitors show views of the model and of other video cameras placed around the installed site.
Effect of an Ala81His mutation on the Met80 loop dynamics of iso-1-cytochrome c.

An A81H variant of yeast iso-1-cytochrome c is prepared to test the hypothesis that the steric size of the amino acid at sequence position 81 of cytochrome c, which has evolved from Ala in yeast to Ile in mammals, slows the dynamics of the opening of the heme crevice. The A81H mutation is used both to increase steric size and to provide a probe of the dynamics of the heme crevice through measurement of the thermodynamics and kinetics of the His81-mediated alkaline conformational transition of A81H iso-1-cytochrome c. Thermodynamic measurements show that the native conformer is more stable than the His81-heme alkaline conformer for A81H iso-1-cytochrome c. ΔGu°(H2O) is approximately 1.9 kcal/mol for formation of the His81-heme alkaline conformer. By contrast, for K79H iso-1-cytochrome c, the native conformer is less stable than the His79-heme alkaline conformer. ΔGu°(H2O) is approximately −0.34 kcal/mol for formation of the His79-heme alkaline conformer. pH jump and gated electron transfer kinetics demonst...
Trapping of Bulky Guests inside Dimeric Molecular Capsules Formed by a Deep-Cavity Cavitand

The inclusion of three bulky guests, adamantyl(ferrocenylmethyl)amine (2), adamantylferrocenecarboxylamide (3), and 1,1′-bis(adamantylaminomethyl)ferrocene (4), inside dimeric molecular capsules formed by an octaacid deep-cavity cavitand (1) was investigated using 1H NMR spectroscopy and voltammetric techniques. Guests 2 and 3 were encapsulated inside 12 assemblies, as evidenced by 1H NMR spectroscopic data. Although both guests are electroactive, the supramolecular complexes 2@12 and 3@12 showed no voltammetric current responses in the potential window corresponding to the electrochemical oxidation of their ferrocenyl groups. In contrast, each of the adamantyl ends of compound 4 is bound by the cavitand 1, but the central ferrocene residue was not fully encapsulated in this supramolecular assembly and the voltammetric behavior of 4·12 was clearly detected. In marked contrast with the experimental results obtained with guests 2 and 3, we could not obtain any evidence for the simultaneous encapsulation of ...
Aggregation pheromone ofDrosophila mauritiana, Drosophila yakuba, andDrosophila rajasekari.

(Z)-11-Octadecenyl acetate (Z11–18∶Ac) was identified as the aggregation pheromone ofDrosophila mauritiana, D. yakuba, andD. rajasekari. The amount of pheromone in the ejaculatory bulb of male flies increased with age, reaching plateau levels of ca. 240, 800, and 1100 ng/fly forD. mauritiana, D. yakuba, andD. rajasekari, respectively. Thirty to 50% of the pheromone in the ejaculatory bulb was transferred to the female during mating, with the majority transferred to the female's reproductive tract. In the subsequent 6-hr period, over half the pheromone in the female's reproductive tract was transferred to the surroundings. In a wind-tunnel olfactometer,Z11–18∶Ac was attractive toD. yakuba andD. mauritiana; however,D. rajasekari required food or food odors in combination withZ11–18∶Ac to demonstrate aggregation activity.Z11–16∶Ac andZ11–20∶Ac were not attractive forD. mauritiana, D. yakuba, andD. rajasekari. For all three species, food was synergistic withZ11–18∶Ac and both sexes were attracted.
Turn, Turn, Turn: Turning as an Image for Education in Plato, Arendt, and Biesta

Teachers who are committed to a pedagogy of liberation, who do not want their classrooms to repeat oppression, and who understand themselves to be educating critical thinkers as much as or more than imparting information, have existential difficulties with their role as the authority in the classroom. How to appropriately exercise leadership and craft educational experiences while not usurping the students’ autonomy and not reinforcing their sense that learning is external to them is a continual conundrum for the would-be emancipatory critical pedagogue. A rich and engaging metaphor through which a teacher can conceptualize self and process is the action of turning . Theorists Plato, Hannah Arendt, and Gert Biesta all employ turning as an image in their analyses of the learning process, and this egalitarian, companionable gesture offers a way forward for teachers. This article examines the different ways each writer uses turning to think about education and suggests implications for teacher identity and classroom practice.
Analysis of Welding Dust Monitoring Results in Shipyards

[Objective] To explore the focus areas for control and prevention of welding dust in shipyards and to select its appropriate monitoring methods by comparing welding dust exposure levels in different workshops and evaluating the exposure difference between personal monitoring and on spot monitoring.[Methods] The personal monitoring samples and on spot monitoring samples were collected at the same time at the following four workshops in the selected shipyards,namely:parts welding,subsection welding,section welding and boat assembly.The number of personal monitoring samples and on spot monitoring samples at the four workshops were 16,22,16,16 and 10,10,12,10 respectively.[Results] The on spot monitoring results showed that the welding dust concentration level of(6.53±1.65)mg/m3 in boat assembly workshop was the highest,followed by(1.92±0.56)mg/m3 in section welding workshop.The welding dust concentration levels in these two workshops were significantly higher than the concentration in parts welding and subsection welding workshops(P 0.05).There were no significant difference in welding dust exposure levels between parts welding and subsection welding workshops(P 0.05).Personal monitoring results were significantly higher than on spot monitoring results in the same workshop(P 0.05).[Conclusion] Boat assembly workshop has very high prevention and control priority in shipyards since the welding dust concentration level is highest compared with other workshops.Personal monitoring method is better than on spot monitoring method in assessing actual dust exposure levels.
Elastic mineral facies: Selecting site-specific elastic moduli of clay

ABSTRACTThe elastic moduli of the mineral constituents of the rock matrix are among the principal inputs in all rock-physics velocity-porosity-mineralogy models. Published experimental data indicate that the elastic moduli for essentially any mineral vary. The ranges of these variations are especially wide for clay. The question addressed here is how to select, based on well data, concrete values for clay’s elastic constants where those for other minerals are fixed. The approach is to find a rock-physics model for zero-clay intervals and then adjust the clay’s constants to describe the intervals dominated by clay using the same model. We examine three data sets from clastic environments, each represented by three wells, where the selected constants for clay were different between the fields but stable within each field. These constants can then be used for seismic forward modeling and interpretation in a specific field away from well control and within a depth range represented in the wells. In essence, w...
Mismanaging a technology project: the case of ABC Inc.

A common misconception is that technology can solve problems. Very often, the people and processes involved have significant impacts on the success or failure of a particular piece of technology in addressing a problem. This case is a classic example of how not to manage a technology project. It describes how a client, a vendor, and a sub-vendor exercised poor judgment in dealing with one another in applying client-server technology to a project of mammoth proportions. In the end, there were no real winners and the project, which came close to abortion, is now progressing to a slow finish, many valuable months and dollars behind what were originally estimated. One learns that it is not merely enough getting a customer “involved” in a project from the very beginning. Learning who the key players are, engendering and fostering a feeling of mutual trust and commitment to the end result (i.e., a successful project-development partnership), educating the customer about technology and process re-engineering possibilities, exercising adequate authority and control, and, perhaps, iterative, multivendor-based project design and implementation are all critical elements of a successful technology venture. This case is based on reality. We have, however, changed the identities of the parties involved and other key information to preserve anonymity.
Sediment Contaminants of the Gulf of Mexico

Contaminants in coastal sediments are compared with continental shelf/slope and abyssal sediments. Early introductions of contaminants to sediments were due to agricultural pesticide use, increased populations in, and industrialization of, coastal areas, and oil and gas exploration and production post-World War II. Coastal estuaries were judged to be in good to poor condition with concentrations of metals and pesticides in more than 40 % and concentrations of PAHs and PCBs in less than 1 % of coastal sediments exceeding levels suspected of causing biological effects. Within bay systems, steep gradients in contaminant concentrations were observed near population centers, agricultural activities, and industrial complexes. Highest concentrations of DDT, PCBs, PAHs, Ag, As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Sn, and Zn were found in sediments near population centers, agricultural lands, and industrial/military complexes. Natural petroleum seepage is the major source of hydrocarbons in north central Gulf of Mexico continental shelf/slope sediments.
Quality-of-life outcomes in patients who underwent subcutaneous immunotherapy and sublingual immunotherapy in a real-world clinical setting.

ObjectiveTo compare changes in quality of life (QOL) that resulted from sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) and subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in a real-world clinical setting.BackgroundSLIT is esta...
The Narrative Turn in Social Psychology

Introduced by J.R. Kantor in the 1920s, the concept of reactional biography, although weighty with implications for a more complete science of psychology, was left untilled and neglected until the 1970s. Even with the behaviorist-tinged “reactional” as a modifier, “biography” as a working metaphor remained undeveloped as a feature of theory building, probably because it appeared to have been borrowed from soft literary rather than hard scientific sources. To be sure, the case history form of biography had become standard procedure in the clinical arts, but it failed to serve as a central feature in systematic psychology. New life was breathed into Kantor’s “reactional biography” concept with the borrowing of narrative concepts from the field of literary studies. Subsequently, some personality and social psychologists, such as Bruner (1986), Gergen and Gergen (1986), and McAdams (1985), began to employ a fresh set of constructions, including “self-narrative,” “life-narrative,” and “identity.”
Chondrocyte Viability at Time of Transplantation for Osteochondral Allografts Preserved by the Missouri Osteochondral Preservation System versus Standard Tissue Bank Protocol.

The Missouri Osteochondral Preservation System (MOPS) has been reported to effectively preserve osteochondral allografts (OCAs) twice as long as current tissue bank protocols in preclinical studies. However, viability of OCAs preserved using the MOPS protocol at the time of clinical implantation compared with the current standard of care (SOC) is not known. Viable chondrocyte density (VCD) at time of transplantation will be significantly higher in OCAs preserved using the MOPS protocol compared with OCAs preserved using the current tissue bank protocol and will significantly affect clinical complication rates. Femoral condyle OCAs were obtained from American Association of Tissue Banks accredited tissue banks for clinical use. The OCAs were stored using the current SOC protocol for each respective tissue bank (n = 26) or the MOPS protocol (n = 50). Nonimplanted femoral condyle OCA tissue normally discarded after surgery was collected and assessed for VCD within 1 hour after surgery. Control OCA samples (n = 34) were obtained from one tissue bank. VCD was determined using a validated cell viability assay. Patients (n = 76) had in-clinic follow-up at least 6 months after OCA transplantation. At the time of clinical implantation, mean storage time for OCAs in the SOC cohort was 20.4 days, and in the MOPS cohort was 44.2 days, after procurement. VCD in OCAs in the MOPS cohort was not significantly different from normal healthy cartilage VCD and 100% were above the desired minimum essential level 70% of control VCD at the time of transplantation. VCD in OCAs in the SOC cohort was significantly (p
Digital scholarship planning: A perspective on the CNI-ARL workshop

The CNI-ARL Digital Scholarship Planning Workshop at Brown University, November 8–10, 2017, was an intensive, focused workshop for institutions at all stages of the digital scholarship planning pro...
MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTILITY PREDICTS SYMPTOMATIC IMPROVEMENT ACROSS ALL FLOW-GRADIENT PATTERNS OF AORTIC STENOSIS AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT

Low flow/low gradient state is associated with poor outcomes after TAVR. TAVR results in afterload reduction and improvement in myocardial contractility. We hypothesized that change in myocardial contractility after TAVR, measured as LV global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS), will predict symptomatic
ORY-1001: Overcoming the Differentiation Block in AML

In this issue of Cancer Cell, Maes and colleagues report in vitro and in vivo findings with ORY-1001—an oral, highly potent and selective covalent small-molecule inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1)—in development for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), as well as correlative data from two AML patients receiving ORY-1001.
Micromechanical and Chemical Characterization of Foamed Warm-Mix Asphalt Aging

AbstractThis study evaluates the effects of aging on the micromechanical and chemical properties of foamed warm-mix asphalt (WMA) and hot-mix asphalt (HMA) materials. Two asphalt binders were consi...
Working in the Fields (and Other Structures)

In Chap. 10 we got acquainted with mathematical structures such as groups, rings, integral domains, fields, and Boolean algebras. As discussed there, the benefit of abstracting the common properties of various systems into a unifying structure is that, once we prove certain statements about a structure using only the properties that apply to all models of the structure, they will then be true for each system that models the structure. In this chapter we see examples for such axiomatic proofs.
The US System for Regulating Internet Gambling

This Book looks at the Law and the Policy on Betting and Sport in many countries around the world—sport is a global phenomenon— providing a very useful and valuable comparative survey on a subject that is so vital to safeguarding and preserving the integrity of those sports in which betting is legally allowed.The country reports show how sports-related betting is organized in the country concerned, also from a historical and policy perspective (national Lotteries Act; state run/state licensed lotteries and/or private operators; how the licensing system for public operators works; state supervisory mechanisms, etc.), and contain a treatment of the national case-law.
Proteomic Analysis of S-Palmitoylated Proteins in Ocular Lens Reveals Palmitoylation of AQP5 and MP20.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to characterize the palmitoyl-proteome in lens fiber cells. S-palmitoylation is the most common form of protein S-acylation and the reversible nature of this modification functions as a molecular switch to regulate many biological processes. This modification could play important roles in regulating protein functions and protein-protein interactions in the lens. Methods The palmitoyl-proteome of bovine lens fiber cells was investigated by combining acyl-biotin exchange (ABE) chemistry and mass-spectrometry analysis. Due to the possibility of false-positive results from ABE experiment, a method was also developed for direct detection of palmitoylated peptides by mass spectrometry for validating palmitoylation of lens proteins MP20 and AQP5. Palmitoylation levels on AQP5 in different regions of the lens were quantified after iodoacetamide (IAA)-palmitate exchange. Results The ABE experiment identified 174 potential palmitoylated proteins. These proteins include 39 well-characterized palmitoylated proteins, 92 previously reported palmitoylated proteins in other tissues, and 43 newly identified potential palmitoylated proteins including two important transmembrane proteins in the lens, AQP5 and MP20. Further analysis by direct detection of palmitoylated peptides confirmed palmitoylation of AQP5 on C6 and palmitoylation of MP20 on C159. Palmitoylation of AQP5 was found to only occur in a narrow region of the inner lens cortex and does not occur in the lens epithelium, in the lens outer cortex, or in the lens nucleus. Conclusions AQP5 and MP20 are among 174 palmitoylated proteins found in bovine lens fiber cells. This modification to AQP5 and MP20 may play a role in their translocation from the cytoplasm to cell membranes during fiber cell differentiation.
Cetuximab-associated pulmonary toxicity in concurrent chemoradiation for the treatment of a squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

Background Cetuximab is a common EGFR monoclonal antibody used with radiotherapy to treat head-and-neck cancer. Severe pulmonary toxicity, including interstitial lung disease (ILD), caused by cetuximab is rare. Methods We describe a patient who developed ILD and acute respiratory failure after concurrent chemoradiation with cetuximab for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and review the literature. Results A patient developed acute respiratory failure 2 months after starting concurrent chemoradiation with cetuximab and was hospitalized in intensive care after a procedure for progressive respiratory distress. Cultures and serology were negative for infection and radiologic findings were consistent with drug associated pneumonitits. Steroids were administered until the patient was stabilized. The patient fully recovered 1 month after the onset of respiratory distress, although he died of recurrent disease 10 months after completing treatment. Conclusion Although severe pulmonary toxicity caused by EGFR inhibitors has been well described in the literature, ILD caused by cetuximab, an EGFR monoclonal antibody, is rare and not well-documented. Given its life-threatening effects, awareness of this potential side effect and early diagnosis is critical.
Adenosine Regulation of cAMP through Phosphodiesterases

Introduction: Adenosine, an autacoid and metabolite of ATP, has been known to have anti-platelet properties. Of the 4 adenosine receptors (ARs), only A2A AR have been implicated in adenosines anti-platelet properties in human. A2A AR is a G-Protein Coupled Receptors associated with a stimulatory G-Protein (Gs) that can activate adenylyl cyclase (AC) and increase intracellular cAMP. An elevation of cAMP has been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation to natural stimuli. Regulation of intracellular cAMP is balanced between synthesis by adenylate cyclase and degradation by phosphdiesterases (PDE). There are 3 PDE subtypes found in platelets: PDE2, PDE3, and PDE5. However, it is not know which subtype(s) is (are) responsible for regulating cAMP level in human platelets after adenosine stimulation. Materials and Methods: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was isolated from whole blood of human volunteers, and centrifuged at 200g for 10min. Light transmission aggregometry was performed after stimulation of platelets with 100uM ADP, with or without NECA (non-specific AR agonist), DPCPX (A1 AR antagonist), and Sch 58261 (A2A AR antagonist). PRP treated with NECA, DPCPX, Sch 58261, and PDE inhibitors (EHNA, E in figures, for PDE2, Trequinsin, T in figures, for PDE3, and 4-{[3949-(methylenedioxy) benzyl]amino}-6-methoxyqunazolin, 4 in figures, for PDE 5). Cyclic AMP was measured in platelets after treatment by liquid chromatography/ Tandem Mass Spectroscopy (Quantiva, ThrermoFisher) after treated with these drugs. Results: ADP-induced platelet aggregation was inhibited in a dose dependent manner by the non-specific adenosine agonist, NECA (Figure 1) and the effect was blocked by A2A specific antagonist Sch 58261, not by the A1 AR antagonist, DPCPX (Figure 2). NECA inhibition of platelet aggregation was likely due to an elevation of intracellular cAMP (1 uM, 5min incubation, Figure 3). Inhibition of PDE3 alone, significantly increased intracellular cAMP, suggesting that basal PDE3 activity is present. PDE 3 inhibition combined with NECA elevated cAMP even higher than PDE inhibition or NECA alone (Figure 3), suggesting that NECA (A2A stimulation) effects PDE activity. Inhibition of PDE2 or 5 had no effect on basal or NECA stimulated cAMP (Figure 3). Inhibition of all 3 PDE (2,3,5) combined with NECA elevated cAMP to levels higher then NECA+ PDE3 inhibition, again suggesting that NECA maybe effecting the activity of the PDEs (Figure 3). The potentiation of cAMP by PDE3 inhibition + NECA was block by A2A, but not A1 antagonist (Figure 4) suggesting that the nonspecific adenosine agonist is elevating cAMP through A2A. Conclusion: 1. In human platelets, NECA stimulates cAMP through A2A receptors and this elevation is likely due to an elevation in adenylate cyclase via Gs coupled to A2A. PDE3 is basally active and likely regulated by adenosine receptors. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
P15 Low-Carbohydrate Diet was Not Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy: Results From US Representative Adults with Diabetes Mellitus

Background As there are no specific dietary recommendations for people with diabetes mellitus (DM), they can choose eating patterns, which they deem helpful in managing blood glucose levels. Objective To describe the dietary intakes of people with DM and to examine the association between the low- carbohydrate-diet (LCD) pattern and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Study Design, Settings, Participants Cross-sectional analysis of the 2005 to 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Secondary database analysis. Population-based sample of 3,313 participants with DM in the NHANES 2005-2016. Measurable Outcome/Analysis The presence of DR was self-reported, and LCD score was calculated based on the proportions of energy from three macronutrients (range 0-30; a higher LCD score indicates a lower intake of carbohydrate). The relative risk of DR comparing highest and lowest quintiles of the LCD score was evaluated in multiple logistic regression analysis. Results The average diet of adults with DM consisted of 48 ± 11% of carbohydrate and 35 ± 10% of fat with a mean LCD score of 15.0 ± 7.4. 20.6% of participants reported having DR, and it was associated with male gender, non-Hispanic Blacks and other race/ethnicity, smoking, overweight/obesity, lower education, lower income, HgA1c, and time since diagnosis. After multivariable adjustment, the odds ratio (OR) of having DR comparing highest (carbohydrate 33.9%) and lowest (carbohydrate 62.9%) quintile of the LCD score was 1.01 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 1.72; Ptrend = 0.4702). There was no difference in HgA1c levels between the comparison groups (7.51 ± 1.94 vs. 7.40 ± 1.85; P = .131). Post-hoc analysis showed higher diet quality was associated with decreased risk of DR among males (OR comparing highest and lowest quintile, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.98; Ptrend = 0.074). Conclusion Diets lower in carbohydrate are not associated with decreased risk of DR in adults with DM. Targeting diet quality may have greater impacts on improving diabetic prognosis. Funding University of Central Florida.