cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
On induced Ramsey numbers for k‐uniform hypergraphs

Let denote the complete k-uniform k-partite hypergraph with classes of size t and the complete k-uniform hypergraph of order s. One can show that the Ramsey number for and satisfies when t = so(1) as s ∞. The main part of this paper gives an analogous result for induced Ramsey numbers: Let be an arbitrary k-partite k-uniform hypergraph with classes of size t and an arbitrary k-graph of order s. We use the probabilistic method to show that the induced Ramsey number (i.e. the smallest n for which there exists a hypergraph such that any red/blue coloring of yields either an induced red copy of or an induced blue copy of ) satisfies . © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 48, 5–20, 2016
Role of Hcp, a type 6 secretion system effector, of Aeromonas hydrophila in modulating activation of host immune cells.

Recently, we reported that the type 6 secretion system (T6SS) of Aeromonas hydrophila SSU plays an important role in bacterial virulence in a mouse model, and immunization of animals with the T6SS effector haemolysin co-regulated protein (Hcp) protected them against lethal infections with wild-type bacteria. Additionally, we showed that the mutant bacteria deleted for the vasH gene within the T6SS gene cluster did not express the hcp gene, while the vasK mutant could express and translocate Hcp, but was unable to secrete it into the extracellular milieu. Both of these A. hydrophila SSU mutants were readily phagocytosed by murine macrophages, pointing to the possible role of the secreted form of Hcp in the evasion of the host innate immunity. By using the ΔvasH mutant of A. hydrophila, our in vitro data showed that the addition of exogenous recombinant Hcp (rHcp) reduced bacterial uptake by macrophages. These results were substantiated by increased bacterial virulence when rHcp was added along with the ΔvasH mutant in a septicaemic mouse model of infection. Analysis of the cytokine profiling in the intraperitoneal lavage as well as activation of host cells after 4eh of infection with the ΔvasH mutant supplemented with rHcp indicated that this T6SS effector inhibited production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and induced immunosuppressive cytokines, such as interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β, which could circumvent macrophage activation and maturation. This mechanism of innate immune evasion by Hcp possibly inhibited the recruitment of cellular immune components, which allowed bacterial multiplication and dissemination in animals, thereby leading to their mortality.
Beyond the group: enhancing team training effectiveness

Three organizational factors are considered that can enhance team training effectiveness: culture; leadership; and performance appraisal systems. How the content of team training is affected by changes in team membership is described. Recommendations include greater emphasis on the examination of organizational factors in needs assessments to ensure optimal training. The authors explain that organizational factors should be compatible with the team training in order to enhance its effectiveness. >
Damage Mechanics of Low Temperature Electromigration and Thermomigration

Electromigration (EM) and thermomigration (TM) are processes of mass transport which are critical reliability issue for next generation nanoelectronics. The purpose of this project is to study the influence of low temperature on EM and TM interaction. In this paper, a model for EM and TM process is proposed and has been implemented in finite element method. The governing equations include mass conservation, force equilibrium, heat transfer, and electricity conduction equations. A damage evolution model based on thermodynamics is introduced to evaluate the degradation in solder joints subjected to high current densities and high temperature gradients. The results are compared with experimental data to validate the model.
THE NATURE OF ACCEPTABILITY FUNCTIONS IN TEXTURE

This paper provides a psychophysical analysis of potential acceptability functions which may be applicable to food texture responses in particular, and to other stimuli in general. Specific hedonic functions for acceptability would follow a generalized quadratic function, with the parameters governed by the specific food system. A two step combination of simple psychophysical (subjective intensity vs. physical intensity) and psychological (subjective intensity vs. subjective acceptability) relations may provide an easier representation of texture acceptability than predictions derived from the knowledge of physical properties of food (viz. texturogens).
Telepractice in the assessment and treatment of individuals with autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review

Objective: Studies involving the use of telepractice in the delivery of services to individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) were reviewed with the intent to inform practice and identify ar...
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Three Unique Helicobacter pylori α‐Cholesteryl Phosphatidyl Glucosides

Steryl glycosides produced by bacteria play important biological roles in the evasion and modulation of host immunity. Step-economical syntheses of three cholesteryl-6-O-phosphatidyl-α-D-glucopyranosides (αCPG) unique to Helicobacter pylori have been achieved. The approach relies upon regioselective deprotection of per-O-trimethylsilyl-α-D-cholesterylglucoside at C6 followed by phosphoramidite coupling. Global TMS ether deprotection in the presence of oxygen and subsequent deprotection of the cyano ethyl phosphoester afforded the target compounds in 16–21 % overall yield starting from D-glucose. The structures of these natural products were determined using a combination of 2D NMR methods and mass spectrometry. These robust synthesis and characterization protocols provide analogues to facilitate glycolipidomic profiling and biological studies.
Combining programming with theorem proving

Applied Type System (ATS) is recently proposed as a framework for designing and formalizing (advanced) type systems in support of practical programming. In ATS, the definition of type equality involves a constraint relation, which may or may not be algorithmically decidable. To support practical programming, we adopted a design in the past that imposes certain restrictions on the syntactic form of constraints so that some effective means can be found for solving constraints automatically. Evidently, this is a rather em ad hoc design in its nature. In this design, which we claim to be both novel and practical. Instead of imposing syntactical restrictions on constraints, we provide a means for the programmer to construct proofs that attest to the validity of constraints. In particular, we are to accommodate a programming paradigm that enables the programmer to combine programming with theorem proving. Also we present some concrete examples in support of the practicality of this design.
A Perturbation Technique for Analog Computers

A study of the motion of a fin-stabilized rocket was undertaken to determine the effect of perturbing forces on the trajectory. The mechanization of a complete problem for an analog computer to include small disturbing forces would result in trajectories which are essentially indistinguishable from the ``nominal'' or ``unperturbed'' case because of analog computer accuracy limitations. Instead, the equations of motion for the ``nominal'' case and the ``perturbed'' case, derived by first order ballistic perturbation theory, were solved simultaneously with the nominal solution providing inputs to the perturbed solution. The analog computer solution provided both the nominal trajectory and perturbations from this trajectory. To illustrate the method, the technique is applied to the two-dimensional motion of a rocket in the vertical plane and includes perturbations due to uncertainties in winds, atmospheric density, thrust malalignments, and stability margin.
Drug-Induced Pure Red Cell Aplasia

Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is an uncommon hematologic disorder characterized by the absence of erythroblasts in otherwise normal bone marrow. It is commonly an autoimmune disorder sometimes associated with a congenital error. It may also be acquired in association with thymomas, hematologic malignancies, human parvovirus B19 infection, drugs, and other disease states. Thirty drugs have been implicated as causative in PRCA, but most literature reports describe only one or two patients. Data evaluating possible mechanisms of drug-induced PRCA are extremely limited, with conflicting results from different investigators. The criteria we used were at least five patients reported, reports from at least three separate investigators, and a minimum of one case of probable causality or better using a published assessment scale. With these criteria, phenytoin, azathioprine, and isoniazid had sufficient evidence of causality. All three are documented causes of PRCA and should be considered in any case of selective erythrocyte aplasia.
Residential Segregation of Blacks and Racial Inequality in Southern Cities: Toward a Causal Model

This paper examines the relation of non-white residential segregation to black-white differentials in education, occupation, and income for southern cities as of 1960. Utilizing van den Berghe's paternalistic-to-competitive theory of race relations in an industrializing society, a causal model is postulated and empirically examined which views the black ghetto as instrumental in institutionalizing inequalities. The 1960 census data for a sample of southern cities provide some support for conceptualizing residential segregation as an “intervening” variable, between age of city and percent non-white, on the one hand, and the status inequality measures, on the other. A discussion of the theoretical significance of the residential factor, and of the methodological complexities involved in such research, follows.
Note on Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Ehrlichia ewingii, and “Borrelia lonestari” infection in lone star ticks (Acari: Ixodidae), Nebraska, USA

The lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.) (Acari: Ixodidae), is established in southeastern Nebraska yet the prevalence of tick-associated microorganisms is not known. An initial PCR-based analysis for Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Ehrlichia ewingii, and Borrelia infection in host-seeking adult ticks collected in southeast Nebraska was conducted. A total of 251 adult ticks collected in six sites in southeast Nebraska were tested. E. chaffeensis, E. ewingii, and Borrelia spp. were present, and the prevalence of each was approximately 1.6%. This study demonstrates that Ehrlichia spp. are present in Nebraska lone star tick populations.
A 12-bit CMOS current steering D/A converter with a fully differential voltage output

This paper presents the design of a 12-bit 8MSamples/s (MSPS) current-steering digital-to-analog converter (DAC) using 0.13μm CMOS technology. The proposed DAC has adopted a segmented architecture in order to achieve a minimized die area and optimized performance. The current steering network consists of binary weighted current sources for the 8 least significant bits (LSBs) and a unary current cell array for the 4 most significant bits (MSBs). A fully differential amplifier (FDA) is utilized in the design to provide differential voltage output, enable the DAC to work at ultra low supply voltages, and reduce harmonic distortion in the output. The simulation results of the extracted layout show a maximum INL and DNL of 0.17 LSB and 0.20 LSB, respectively. The mid-code glitch energy is 78 pV-s and the SFDR is 81.8 dB. The settling time of the DAC is 38.2 ns and the power consumption is 13.4 mW. The chip active area is 330 µm × 224 µm. The DAC performance has also been verified with a supply voltage down to as low as 0.72 V. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a DAC capable of working at such a low supply voltage. This DAC will be used in a bio-implantable system for medical applications.
An overview of research using the one atmosphere uniform glow discharge plasma (OAUGDP) for sterilization of surfaces and materials

The medical, food processing, and heating, ventilating, and air conditioning industries are searching for improved pasteurization, disinfection, and sterilization technologies. Candidate techniques must deal with and overcome such problems as thermal sensitivity and destruction by heat, formation of toxic by-products, costs, and inefficiency in performance. We report the results of a plasma source, the One Atmosphere Uniform Glow Discharge Plasma (OAUGDP), which operates at atmospheric pressure in air and produces antimicrobial active species at room temperature, OAUGDP exposures have reduced log numbers of Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria, bacterial endospores, yeast, and bacterial viruses on a variety of surfaces. The nature of the surface influenced the degree of lethality, with microorganisms on polypropylene being most sensitive, followed by glass, and cells embedded in agar. Experimental results showed at least a 5 log/sub 10/ CFU reduction in bacteria within a range of 50-90 s of exposure. After 10-25 s of exposure, macromolecular leakage and bacterial fragmentation were observed. Vulnerability of cell membranes to reactive oxygen species (ROC) is hypothesized. Results from several novel OAUGDP configurations are presented, including a remote exposure reactor (RER) which uses transported active species to sterilize material located more than 20 cm from the plasma generation site, and a second planar electrode configuration developed for air filter sterilization. Applications of these technologies to the healthcare industry, the food industry, and decontaminating surfaces compromised by biological warfare agents are discussed.
The oncologist Chinese edition: a global mission, a unifying bond.

(Editorial for first issue of the Chinese Edition of The Oncologist) On behalf of our global editorial board, we are honored and delighted to make The Oncologist available in a fully translated Chinese Edition to the members of the Chinese Society for Clinical Oncology (CSCO). Our Chinese Edition represents a milestone in our progress toward a seamless practice of cancer specialties across the world. As physicians who serve the citizens of China, you will now be in direct communication with other leaders in oncology practice around the world, and all of us will have the benefit of your ongoing practice experience and clinical research in China. We are deeply grateful for the leadership and vision of our distinguished co-Editors, Professor Shukui QIN, CSCO President and Director of PLA Cancer Center at Nanjing Yanggongjing Hospital, and Professor Yi-Long WU, CSCO President-elect and Chief of the Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute. We also welcome our associate editors: Professor Jun MA, CSCO Immediate Past President and Director of Harbin Institute of Hematology and Oncology, Professor Jin LI, CSCO Secretary from Fudan University Cancer Hospital, and Professor Shun LU of Shanghai Jiaotong University and Shanghai Chest Hospital. My close colleague, Dr. Andrew ZHU, an internationally recognized expert in hepatocellular cancer at Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, will provide invaluable support as an associate editor under the leadership of co-Editors Qin and Wu. By uniting our efforts with those of CSCO's visionary leaders, we pledge to bring the latest in cancer therapeutics and diagnosis to you, our readership in China, and thereby we seek to encourage and facilitate collaborations among colleagues worldwide. We join Professors Qin and Wu and our other CSCO colleagues and friends in expressing our appreciation to the many who have made this precedent-setting publication possible. In particular, we extend our appreciation to our benefactors, sanofi-aventis and Boehringer Ingelheim, who volunteered their support on behalf of cancer patients. With this new edition, the readership of The Oncologist has grown to more than 40,000 cancer specialists. We thank our executive editor, Dr. Martin Murphy, and our managing editor, Dr. Ann Murphy, for nurturing this vibrant collaboration with CSCO's inspiring leaders. We hope that our colleagues in China will find this new journal a significant addition to the literature available to the practicing oncologist in China. We invite you to share your opinions and suggestions with us. We will read each letter carefully and, more importantly, we promise to discuss your recommendations with our fellow editors. We have a unifying mission to bring the most important cancer news to your desktop, your mobile device, and to your doorstep. We further have a singular and powerful bond—and that is our dedication to bringing about better outcomes for all our cancer patients. Xie! Xie!
A Simple Approach to Robust Inference in a Cointegrating System

Cointegration requires all the variables in the system to have exact unit roots; accordingly it is conventional for researchers to test for a unit root in each variable prior to a cointegration analysis. Unfortunately, these unit root tests are not powerful. Meanwhile, conventional cointegration methods are not at all robust to slight violations of the requirement that each variable has a unit root. In this paper I show how this difficulty may be circumvented by instrumenting the regressors in the cointegrating regression by deterministic polynomial time trends, or by artificially generated random walks.
Quantification of SPIO nanoparticles using phase gradient mapping

A new method is developed to quantify the concentration of super-paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) contrast agent using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The proposed method utilizes a positive contrast method, known as phase gradient mapping (PGM), to find the gradient of the field map. Then the concentration is calculated by fitting the gradient of the field map to the gradient of an ideal geometric model. The proposed method was compared to relaxivity-based SPIO quantification method and was applied to calculate the concentration of SPIO contrast agent for MRI experiments performed on a phantom with known concentrations. The results obtained from the proposed method accord well with the true concentrations.
Constructing Binary Space Partitions for Orthogonal Rectabgles in Practice

In this paper, we develop a simple technique for constructing a Binary Space Partition (BSP) for a set of orthogonal rectangles in R3. Our algorithm has the novel feature that it tunes its performance to the geometric properties of the rectangles, e.g., their aspect ratios. We have implemented our algorithm and tested its performance on real data sets. We have also systematically compared the performance of our algorithm with that of other techniques presented in the literature. Our studies show that our algorithm constructs BSPs of near-linear size and small height in practice, has fast running times, and answers queries efficiently. It is a method of choice for constructing BSPs for orthogonal rectangles.
Friction and Shear Strength at the Nanowire–Substrate Interfaces

The friction and shear strength of nanowire (NW)–substrate interfaces critically influences the electrical/mechanical performance and life time of NW-based nanodevices. Yet, very few reports on this subject are available in the literature because of the experimental challenges involved and, more specifically no studies have been reported to investigate the configuration of individual NW tip in contact with a substrate. In this letter, using a new experimental method, we report the friction measurement between a NW tip and a substrate for the first time. The measurement was based on NW buckling in situ inside a scanning electron microscope. The coefficients of friction between silver NW and gold substrate and between ZnO NW and gold substrate were found to be 0.09–0.12 and 0.10–0.15, respectively. The adhesion between a NW and the substrate modified the true contact area, which affected the interfacial shear strength. Continuum mechanics calculation found that interfacial shear strengths between silver NW and gold substrate and between ZnO NW and gold substrate were 134–139 MPa and 78.9–95.3 MPa, respectively. This method can be applied to measure friction parameters of other NW–substrate systems. Our results on interfacial friction and shear strength could have implication on the AFM three-point bending tests used for nanomechanical characterisation.
The reflex effects of nonnoxious sural nerve stimulation on human triceps surae motor neurons

1. The effects of low-intensity electrical stimulation of the ipsilateral sural nerve on the reflex response of human triceps surae motor neurons were examined in 169 motor units recorded in 11 adult volunteers: 69 units from soleus (SOL), 48 units from lateral gastrocnemius (LG), and 52 units from medial gastrocnemius (MG). The reflex effects were assessed by the peristimulus time histogram (PSTH) technique, categorized according to onset latencies, and the magnitudes of effects were calculated as percent changes in baseline firing rates. 2. Sural stimulation evoked complex changes in motor-unit firing at onset latencies between 28 and 140 ms. The two most common responses seen in all muscles were a short-latency depression (D1) in firing (mean onset latency = 40 ms) in 42% of all units studied and a secondary enhancement (E2) in firing (mean onset latency = 72 ms) in 43% of all units. In LG, the D1 effect represented a mean decrease in firing of 52% which was statistically different from the changes in MG (42% decrease) and SOL (38% decrease). The magnitudes of E2 effects were similar across muscles with an average of 47% increase in firing. 3. No differences were found in the frequencies of occurrence for the enhancements in firing among the muscles studied. The main difference in reflex responses was the occurrence of an intermediate latency depression (D2) in 27% of the LG units with a mean onset latency of 72 ms. 4. Based on estimates of conduction times for activation of low-threshold cutaneous afferents, the short-latency D1 response likely represents an oligosynaptic spinal reflex with transmission times similar to the Ia reciprocal inhibitory pathway. These findings raise the question as to the possibility of low-threshold cutaneous afferents sharing common interneurons with low-threshold muscle afferent reflexes that have identical onset latencies. The complex reflex effects associated with low-level stimulation of a cutaneous nerve indicate a rich assortment of peripheral responses that may influence a given movement. The predominance of a specific effect is most likely determined by the interaction of this input with other peripheral signals and descending commands specific to a given motor task.
Soil-Moisture-Temperature for Alaskan Lowland

Measurements of annual pore-water pressures and temperatures in a well-drained lowland and a tussock suprapermafrost soil indicate a complex sequence of events with the most dynamic and significant behavior occurring in the winter months. Vertical water movement in the soil profiles during the summer months is negligible, the well-drained soil being unsaturated and the tussock soil being water-logged. The presence of a water table in the well-drained soil promotes warmer winter soil. The absence of a water table in the tussock soil, underlain by a shallow ice-rich permafrost table, promotes complete freezing of the soil, drying it and causing low pore-water pressures and reducing the hydraulic conductivity.
NEURONAL SYSTEMS RELATED TO BEHAVIORAL CHANGE

Publisher Summary Localized brain damage produces its mental and behavioral effects through secondary changes induced in remaining neural systems. These effects should not be ascribed to the loss of tissue in the lesioned area. The mental and behavior sequelae of localized brain damage represent the results of these secondary reactions in all the remaining systems, including heightened reactivity in some, reduced reactivity in others, and transformed reactions in others. Overall, the effects of any brain damage would be expected to be variable over time and mental or behavioral recovery from brain damage, merely an indication of the state of secondary changes at some moment after the lesion.
Guidelines for Devices and Choices

Asthma patients can be treated safely and effectively with the compounds and inhalation devices currently available. However, the choice of devices is so wide that the healthcare professional may be easily confused, and the effectiveness of treatment reduced. Clear guidelines are needed to help resolve this difficulty; however, those currently available do not contain enough useful information on the different delivery systems to assist the selection process. The function of the anti-asthma drug (i.e., preventer or reliever) should determine the choice of device. For inhaled corticosteroids, the device should provide effective and reliable delivery, while simplicity in use will aid good inhalation technique. A device that minimizes systemic absorption of these drugs will improve drug safety. The devices of choice are pressurized metered dose-inhalers (pMDIs) with spacers and some dry powder inhalers (DPIs). The main selection criteria for short-acting beta2-agonists are portability and patient acceptability. DPIs and pMDIs are the most suitable systems for these drugs. Cost is an important consideration for both drug types.
Getting the Most Out of Medical Students’ Global Health Experiences

During the last decade, the presidents of our major universities have embraced globalization of the curriculum of their institutions. Having had the opportunity themselves of visiting seen firsthand the importance of developing programs to help our university students become global scholars. That
Airway surface fluid volume and Cl content in cystic fibrosis and normal bronchial xenografts

We describe the use of an in vivo human bronchial xenograft model of cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF airways to investigate pathophysiological alterations in airway surface fluid (ASF) volume (Vs) ...
60. Work Related Outcomes in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Elevated Risk of Employment Loss: Results from Two Randomized Clinical Trials (Optima and Prowd) on the Effect of Adalimumab and Methotrexate Combination Therapy Versus Methotrexate Monotherapy Over 6 Months of Treatment

Paul Emery, Josef Smolen, Arijit Ganguli, Sebastian Meerwein, Yanjun Bao, Hartmut Kupper, Naijun Chen, P. Mahinda Karunaratne and Arthur Kavanaugh Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds Teaching Hospital, Leeds, UK, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna and Hietzing Hospital, Vienna, Austria, Health Economics & Outcomes Research, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA, Clinical Development, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH and Co. KG, Ludwigshafen, Germany, Division of Statistics, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, Division of Rheumatology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
Uric acid metabolism in hepatolenticular degeneration

SummaryIt has been found that in patients with hepatolenticular degeneration (Wilson's disease) the level of uric acid in the serum is reduced and the amount of uric acid excreted in the urine is increased. Following the intravenous administration of uric acid, such patients excrete uric acid in the urine more rapidly than do normal subjects. No correlation was observed between the excretion of copper and that of uric acid. It is suggested that the alterations in uric acid metabolism are due to an inability of the renal tubules to reabsorb uric acid efficiently.
AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Chengdu

Objective To study the variation trend of HIV infection rate in men who have sex with men(MSM)from 2009 to 2012 in Chengdu and evaluate the effect of the intervention at present stage,and thus to provide the basis for the intervention strategies in future. Methods Altogether 1 223 MSMs were surveyed with questionnaires based on snowball sampling,and serological test were conducted on items of HIV,verole and hepatitis C. Results The annual HIV infection rates were respectively 14. 93%,15. 1%,16. 3 and 13. 9% from2009 to 2012. The condom use rate in recent 6 months increased year by year. The behavior of using the condom when having anal sex in recent 6 months was correlated to the voluntary counseling and testing of HIV(χ2= 22. 68,P 0. 01),and also correlated to the experience of acceptance of condom promotion and providing(χ2= 7. 44,P 0. 01). Conclusion The health education of AIDS prevention,as well as counseling and testing of HIV should be combined and carried out,and more efforts should be made to strengthen the condom promotion and providing.
Peptidases in the CNS: formation of biologically active, receptor-specific peptide fragments.

Peptides function as chemical signals between cells of multicellular organisms, or different organisms, via specific receptors on target cells. Many hormones, neuromodulators, and growth factors are peptides. Because there is no known reuptake system for peptides at the nerve terminal, the biological activity of peptides in the extracellular space is regulated by enzymatic degradation and extracellular metabolism. For example, angiotensin I is processed extracellularly in the lung by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE; E.C. 3.4.15.1), a peptidyl dipeptidase, to form the potent vasoconstrictor hormone angiotensin II. When neuropeptides are released from neurons into the extracellular space, specific peptidases also can modulate the peptidergic signal by generating smaller, biologically active fragments via products with similar or dissimilar characteristics of the parent peptide. Therefore, receptor-binding selectivity of a released peptide hormone can be regulated by peptidases. Because peptidases may play a key role in the extracellular regulation of peptidergic signaling, alterations in peptidase activities by drugs or disease states may lead to disruptions in biological homeostasis. The subject of this article is the role of peptidases in the central nervous system in the formation of biologically active, receptor-specific peptides from peptide E, beta-endorphin, neurotensin, and cholecystokinin.
The "Face" of Diabetes: Insight Into Youths' Experiences as Expressed Through Drawing.

Objective:The purpose of this descriptive pilot study was to assess the ability of youth to create a meaningful drawing related to living with type 1 diabetes and explore the benefits of expressing...
Forgiveness in Romantic Relationships: The Roles of Attachment, Empathy, and Attributions

Therapists can benefit from a more nuanced understanding of underlying processes associated with romantic partners forgiving one another. Greater understanding of the processes linked with forgiveness has the potential to improve therapists' facilitation of forgiveness between partners. Departing from the status quo, the purpose of this investigation was to explore benign attributions and empathy as mechanisms linking attachment with forgiveness. After conducting a longitudinal structural equation model with a sample of young adults in romantic relationships (N = 171), the results showed that benign attributions mediated the association between anxious attachment and forgiveness, and empathy mediated the association between avoidant attachment and forgiveness. Clinically, targeting working models of attachment that underlie benign attributions and empathy may facilitate forgiveness.
Penetrating injuries of the neck.

Even the most innocent looking wound may hide potentially lethal injuries of major blood vessels, the airway, pharynx, or esophagus. All cervical wounds require early surgical exploration for the entire depth of the wound, with definitive treatment of all injured structures.
“Just Tell Us the Formula!” Co-Constructing the Relevance of Education in Freshman Learning Communities

Students and teachers alike bring their own individual perceptions of the relevance, intent and proper delivery of education, and the classroom provides a space to negotiate these diverse perceptions. The teaching-research paradigm allows teachers to prescribe certain interventions and improve student performance by systematically integrating these interventions over the course of an academic semester.
Utility of existing diabetes risk prediction tools for young black and white adults: Evidence from the Bogalusa Heart Study

Abstract Aims To evaluate several adult diabetes risk calculation tools for predicting the development of incident diabetes and pre-diabetes in a bi-racial, young adult population. Methods Surveys beginning in young adulthood (baseline age ≥18) and continuing across multiple decades for 2122 participants of the Bogalusa Heart Study were used to test the associations of five well-known adult diabetes risk scores with incident diabetes and pre-diabetes using separate Cox models for each risk score. Racial differences were tested within each model. Predictive utility and discrimination were determined for each risk score using the Net Reclassification Index (NRI) and Harrell's c-statistic. Results All risk scores were strongly associated ( p p =.01). C-statistics for the diabetes risk models ranged from 0.79 to 0.83. Non-event NRIs indicated high specificity (non-event NRIs: 76%–88%), but poor sensitivity (event NRIs: −23% to −3%). Conclusions Five diabetes risk scores established in middle-aged, racially homogenous adult populations are generally applicable to younger adults with good specificity but poor sensitivity. The addition of race to these models did not result in greater predictive capabilities. A more sensitive risk score to predict diabetes in younger adults is needed.
Web Site Quality and Usability in E-Commerce

Web sites are being widely deployed commercially; however, the factors that affect the customer’s perception on the quality and acceptance of Web sites are unclear. Through a literature review on information systems success, ServQual, and trust, this chapter examines and integrates four sets of factors to capture the quality of e-commerce Web sites: system quality (functionality), information quality (content), service quality, and attractor. Based on the Technology Acceptance Model in comparison with the Theory of Reasoned Action and the theory of Human-Computer Interaction/Usability, a framework is developed relating the Web quality to customers’ beliefs (perceived usefulness and ease of use of the site), attitudes (preferences for the site), and intentions (to revisit the site). A guideline for Web interface design is proposed for Web designers and managers. This chapter appears in the book, Web Systems Design and Online Consumer Behavior, edited by Yuan Gao. Copyright © 2005, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033-1240, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING
Using Apps to Develop Social Skills in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Social skills are critical to later success in school and adult life. Typically, children build these through interaction with caregivers and peers. However, some students, especially those diagnos...
Aqueous RAFT at pH zero: enabling controlled polymerization of unprotected acyl hydrazide methacrylamides

We report aqueous RAFT polymerization at pH = 0 mediated by a novel imidazolium-containing chain transfer agent. In 1 M HCl, unprecedented controlled polymerization and chain-extension of unprotected acyl hydrazide methacrylamides is achieved enabling the synthesis of well-defined acyl hydrazide functionalized polymer scaffolds of interest for dynamic covalent and bioconjugation strategies.
RECTIN System Design

RECTIN system (shortcut for RECommender for TINnitus) is a prototyping method proposed within this work to verify the hypothesis of possibility to apply information technology in supporting physicians, dealing with tinnitus patients, in the diagnosis and treatment. This chapter describes major steps in the system design: analysis with main use cases for the system, deployment architecture, with detailed description of each component and implementation project, including transactional database and application. Also, knowledge engineering approach is presented, along with detailed description of raw dataset of tinnitus patients and visits, which was made available to the authors. This section also introduces approach taken to data preprocessing so that to make it useful for creating a knowledge base, on which data mining can be performed.
Being Evidence Based in Library and Information Practice: ,Edited by Denise Koufogiannakis and Alison Brettle (Eds.), Chicago, IL: Neal-Schuman, 2016, 224 pp., $75.00, ISBN 9780838915219.

In their 2004 book, Evidence-Based Practice for Information Professionals, Booth and Brice1 1 Booth, A. & Brice, A. (2004). Evidence-based practice for information professionals: A handbook. London...
Applied medical humanities: addressing vexing deficits, promoting enduring skills.

The medical humanities can help students access and learn information they might otherwise find very difficult to master.
Research on the management system of lithium battary

Lithium battery is the first choice for the energy source of explosion-proof electrical equipment because of its small size, light weight and large energy. In order to ensure the safety, improve the battery life and prolong the service life of the lithium battery, it is necessary to study the lithium battery management system. For this reason, the article uses the modular design idea to design a lithium battery intelligent management system. The system takes the microcontroller as the core to control the current voltage signal sampling, power indicator, serial communication and other management functions, and combined with the software process, the implementation of the system control algorithm is described in detail. Finally, combined with the system software and hardware function, and through repeated experiments and continuous improvement and improvement, it can be run safely and stably.
Important but largely unanswered questions about accountability in contracted public human services

Contracting-out for human services has become preferred public policy at all levels of government. This service delivery policy choice has important implications for accountability and for the ability of contracting nonprofit organizations to be flexible and innovative. Although the use of contracting has expanded dramatically in the human services since the 1970s, many important public management policy questions remain unasked and unanswered. This article raises and discusses nine largely unanswered questions that are central to the reasons why government continues to expand its dependence on contracted human services. These questions address key elements of a larger policy-of-public-management question: “Is it possible to achieve accountability and flexibility when government contracts-out for the provision of publicly funded human services?” By addressing these nine questions, we seek to determine what is known and not known about the key accountability issues in contracted public human services. We also attempt to highlight the importance of these questions and issues for public management policy, inter-sectorial organization theory, the practice of nonprofit and public organization management, and thus for research and theory development.
A Neutron Powder Diffraction Study of Ba 2 YC 3 O 7

The structure of an orthorhombic sample of Ba2YCu3O7 with a superconducting transition at 89K has been determined by Rietveld profile analysis of neutron powder diffraction data. The space group chosen was Pmmm (a=3.817A, b=3.882A, c=11.671A). The structure may be viewed as a heavily-distorted oxygen-defective ordered derivative of a perovskite-type structure. Two-thirds of the Cu atoms have four near-neighbor oxygens and one more distant neighbor in a tetragonal pyramidal arrangement, and form a two-dimensional network in the ab planes linked through corner shared oxygens about 0.3A out of the planes. The remaining one-third of the Cu atoms have fourfold planar coordination in the bc planes and form chains linked through corner-shared oxygens along the b axis.
Prior Record and Recidivism Risk

An individual’s prior record can have a pronounced impact on the punishment he or she receives for a new offense, substantially increasing the likelihood and duration of an incarceration sentence. Not only does prior record contribute to mass incarceration, but prior research has consistently shown that criminal history mediates race effects and exacerbates disparities. In guidelines jurisdictions, criminal history enhancements are partially or primarily employed as proxies for risk prevention. But for the most part these scores were not developed empirically, and, to date, whether scores are valid predictors of risk has gone unexplored. This paper uses survival analysis and area under the curve analysis to examine the predictive efficacy of the Pennsylvania Prior Record Score using a sample of offenders sentenced in Pennsylvania and followed-up for 3 years after release (n = 130,758). The results show that some of the Pennsylvania PRS categories fail to accurately distinguish among offenders based on their likelihood of recidivism. Further, some of the key score components that increase the PRS (and the punishment imposed) have marginal effects on the predictive efficacy of the score, often only increasing the prediction accuracy by a single percentage point. By re-engineering the PRS categories and sub-components, this jurisdiction could recommend less punishment in some cases without any apparent increase in risk to public safety.
Study on Peaking Ability and Operation Safety of Thermal Power Unit in Peak Load Regulation of Power System

As the demand for renewable energy access to the grid grows gradually, the peaking function of thermal power unit in grid system is increasingly highlighted. This paper analyzed the security problems of thermal power unit load, and to carry out the load test at 8 units. We analyzed the safety index, including hearth negative pressure fluctuations, water-cooled wall temperature, axial displacement of turbine, and found that some existing units can achieve 60%-70% peaking capacity without flexibility transformation. The negative pressure of some units fluctuates greatly, which reflects the poor stability of the boiler in the low load stage.
Stator Fault Detection on DTC-Driven IM via Magnetic Signatures Aided by 2-D FEA Co-Simulation

This paper investigates the online fault detection (FD) of the inter-turn short-circuit (ITSC) fault in direct torque control (DTC)-driven induction motors (IMs). We conducted the investigations of harmonic, inter-harmonic, and sub-harmonic contents for FD purposes. The harmonics in the flux leakage spectrum appear as a result of diverse causes including stator fault, DTC reaction to the fault, switching activities, and core saturation effect. Physics-based co-simulation was held through the coupling between a finite-element model (FEM) of the faulty IM and the circuit simulation of DTC. Its advantages are: 1) the IM harmonic contents including stator slots, rotor slots, saturation, switching activity, and fault are simulated and 2) dangerous experimentations of a faulty IM can be avoided. Therefore, we can safely study all the characteristics on a faulty IM. We exploited FEM for the verification of the experimental harmonic signatures of the scattered magnetic field. We verified the online FD technique based on the radiated magnetic field’s spectrum through the co-simulation and experimental results. This indicated that the method is able to correctly detect the ITSC faults with 1% severity factor.
IoTC 2 : A Formal Method Approach for Detecting Conflicts in Large Scale IoT Systems

Internet of Things (IoT) has become a common paradigm for different domains such as health care, transportation infrastructure, smart homes, smart shopping, and e-commerce. With its interoperable functionality, it is now possible to connect all domains of IoT together to provide comprehensive services to the users. Because numerous IoT devices can connect and communicate at the same time, there can be events that trigger conflicting actions for an actuator or an environmental feature. This paper provides a formal method approach, IoT Confict Checker (IoTC2), to ensure safety of controller and actuators’ behavior with respect to conflicts. Any policy violation results in detection of the conflicts. We define the safety policies for controller, actions, and triggering events and implement them in Prolog to prove the logical completeness and soundness. In addition to that, we have implemented the detection policies in Matlab Simulink Environment with its built-in Model Verification blocks. We created a smart home environment in Simulink and showed how the conflicts affect actions and corresponding features. The scalability, efficiency, and accuracy of our method are tested in this simulated environment.
Are the intrinsically disordered linkers involved in SSB binding to accessory proteins

Escherichia coli single strand (ss) DNA binding (SSB) protein protects ssDNA intermediates and recruits at least 17 SSB interacting proteins (SIPs) during genome maintenance. The SSB C-termini contain a 9 residue acidic tip and a 56 residue intrinsically disordered linker (IDL). The acidic tip interacts with SIPs; however a recent proposal suggests that the IDL may also interact with SIPs. Here we examine the binding to four SIPs (RecO, PriC, PriA and χ subunit of DNA polymerase III) of three peptides containing the acidic tip and varying amounts of the IDL. Independent of IDL length, we find no differences in peptide binding to each individual SIP indicating that binding is due solely to the acidic tip. However, the tip shows specificity, with affinity decreasing in the order: RecO > PriA ∼ χ > PriC. Yet, RecO binding to the SSB tetramer and an SSB-ssDNA complex show significant thermodynamic differences compared to the peptides alone, suggesting that RecO interacts with another region of SSB, although not the IDL. SSB containing varying IDL deletions show different binding behavior, with the larger linker deletions inhibiting RecO binding, likely due to increased competition between the acidic tip interacting with DNA binding sites within SSB.
Incentivizing Innovation Under Ambiguity: The Role for Intrinsic Incentives and Corporate Identity

This paper examines the role of intrinsic incentives and corporate identity in motivating innovation. We show that when innovation is ambiguous, the use of extrinsic, high-powered incentives can deter innovation when it is not complemented with strong intrinsic incentives --- the degree of self-motivation, and the extent to which the agent identifies with firm's goals and mission. The paper predicts that extrinsic and intrinsic incentives are not simple substitutes, but play a complementary role in motivating innovation, which explains why many innovative companies that provide generous extrinsic incentives also invest heavily in fostering corporate culture.