cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Associative information in memory: Evidence from cued recall

Abstract The representation of item and associative information in episodic memory was investigated using cued recall and single item recognition. In the first four experiments, participants studied two lists constructed such that some items presented in a pair during List 1 were rearranged to create new pairs in List 2 and were accompanied by pairs exclusive to List 2. List 1 was composed of either word–face pairs (Experiment 1 and 3) or word–word and face–face pairs (Experiment 2 and 4). Participants were tested for their memory of the second list containing only word-face pairs. When the test required associative information (i.e., cued recall), interference was specific to pair-type. Specifically, repeating items in the same pair-type across lists led to a greater number of correct and incorrect responses but repeating items in different pair-types did not change performance. When the test did not require associative information (i.e., single item recognition), interference was not specific to pair-type; hits and false alarms were higher for items presented on List 1. In the final experiment, the number of studied pairs and single items was independently manipulated and a pair-specific list length effect was observed. That is, performance in cued recall was modulated by the number of studied pairs, but not the number of studied individual items. Together, these data suggest that information specific to the pair-type (i.e., associative information) is stored and strategically utilized during memory search.
Three-dimensional structure of electron holes driven by an electron beam

Using 3-D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations we studied the structure and temporal behavior of electron holes (e-holes) in a magnetized plasma driven by an electron beam. When e-holes are fully evolved from high-frequency waves in a time of about a few tens of electron plasma periods, most of the wave energy in the plasma resides in them. Parallel to the ambient magnetic field Bo, the potential distribution of an e-hole is approximately a Gaussian, and the scalelength lz is only a few Debye lengths when determined by the effective temperature of the beam-modified electron distribution function. Transverse to Bo, the potential distribution tends to have a flat top, which makes it difficult to fit a Gaussian distribution, but the scalelengths at which the potential decays in the transverse directions (lx and lz) are found to be only slightly longer than lz. The passages of electron holes monitored at several points in the simulation volume has the signature of bipolar parallel electric field and unipolar perpendicular electric-field pulses as measured from FAST and POLAR. The eventual decay of e-holes is accompanied by the generation of lower hybrid (lh) waves.
Cultural approaches to discourse analysis: A theoretical and methodological conversation with special focus on Donal Carbaugh's Cultural Discourse Theory

Abstract This essay opens a conversation in the Journal of Multicultural Discourses on cultural approaches to discourse analysis. Culturally-inclusive approaches to discourse analysis and communication that critique Western-biased theories and methods are covered including Jan Blommaert's Critical Discourse Analysis, Shi-xu's Cultural Approach to Discourse, and Asian communication theories. An extensive review of the historical development of Donal Carbaugh's Cultural Discourse Theory and Analysis is given as well as an explanation of its current practice today. All four approaches are compared and contrasted in terms of their definitions, objectives, methods of data collection and analysis, and the role of critique. It is hoped that the essay will invite future extended discussions of culturally-inclusive approaches to discourse analysis in the journal.
Synthesis and characterization of poly(ester-sulfone)s

Aliphatic and aromatic-aliphatic poly(ester-sulfone)s were synthesized by the transesterifications of diphenyl adipate and diphenyl phthalates (ortho, meta, para) with two sulfonecontaining diols, 1,3-bis (3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl) propane (Diol-333) and 1,4-bis(3-hydroxypropylsulfonyl) butane (Diol-343). Based on DSC and WAXD studies, the aliphatic homopoly(ester-sulfone)s are semicrystalline at room temperature and liquid crystalline at elevated temperature, while their copolymers with alkanediols are liquid crystalline. The liquid crystalline phase formation in aliphatic poly(ester-sulfone)s is attributed to the strong dipole-dipole interactions between sulfone groups. The aromatic-aliphatic poly(estersulfone)s from diphenyl phthalate (ortho) and isophthalate (meta) are amorphous. They are soluble in trifluoroacetic acid and m-cresol at room temperature, and DMF, DMAC, and DMSO at elevated temperature. The aromatic-aliphatic poly(ester-sulfone)s from diphenyl terephthalate are semicrystalline and are soluble only in trifluoroacetic acid. For a given diol, the glass transition temperatures of aromatic-aliphatic poly(ester-sulfone)s increase from phthalate to isophthalate to terephthalate. This is because the flexibility of the benzene ring in the polymer backbone decreases from ortho to meta to para substitution. As a comparison, polyesters without sulfone groups were synthesized from two alkanediols, 1,9-nonanediol and 1,10-decanediol, and the diphenyl esters. The poly(ester-sulfone)s have glass transition temperatures 60–80°C higher than the corresponding polyesters without sulfone groups, due to the strong dipolar interactions between sulfone groups. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Mass spectrometric determination of the thermodynamic stabilities of gaseous molybdenum oxides and sodium molybdates and predicted stabilities of gaseous group ia tungstates, molybdates, chromates and sulfates

Abstract During the mass-spectrometric investigation of the Na-O-P system in molybdenum crucibles, in addition to the gaseous molybdenum oxides, MoO, MoO 2 and MoO 3 , gaseous sodium molybdates (V and VI) and molybdite (IV) have been identified and their stabilities determined. From the enthalpy changes for the isomolecular reactions involving the gaseous species NaPO 2 , NaPO 3 , NaMoO 3 , Na 2 MoO 3 , Na 2 MoO 4 , MoO 2 and MoO 3 , the standard heats of formation, and atomization energies at 298 K in kcal moP −1 have been derived as −128.1 ± 8, 489.8 ± 8 ( NaMoO 3 ); −175.0 ± 14, 562.3 ± 14 ( Na 2 MoO 3 ); −257.3 ± 12, 704.4 ± 12 ( Na 2 MoO 4 ). By combining the enthalpy change of the pressure-independent reaction involving the gaseous molybdenum oxides MoO, MoO 2 , and MoO 3 , with the selected values of JANAF for standard heats of formation of MoO 2 (g) and MoO 3 (g), revised values have been obtained for the dissociation energy (145.1 ± 8 kcal mol −1 ) and standard heat of formation (71.8 ± 8 kcal mol −1 ) of MoO(g) at 298 K. By comparing the stability trends in condensed and gaseous hydrogen and alkali metal tungstates, molybdates, chromâtes and sulphates, the atomization energies of the gaseous compounds of alkali metals at 298 K have been recommended as 767 ± 12 (tungstates), 708 ± 12 (molybdates); 620 ±12 (chromates) and 597 ± 6 (sulphates) kcal mol −1 .
Work-related deaths in Washington State, 1998-2002.

Abstract Introduction In Washington State, 87 workers are killed each year, on average, while in work status. To understand these incidents and to assist in focusing on and development of potential prevention measures, they must be well characterized. Methods Work-related fatalities between the years 1998 and 2002 are described by the demographics of the victims, types of incidents, the victims' occupations, and industries and location in which they worked. Results Motor vehicle- and machinery-related incidents accounted for nearly 33% and 14% of the incidents, respectively. Agriculture, forestry, fishing, hunting, and mining (n = 87), and construction (n = 83) had the most fatalities. Fatality rates per 100,000 workers for these industries were 25.7 and 8.7, respectively, compared to the state-wide average of 3.1 fatalities/100,000 workers. Discussion These data indicate numerous areas for prevention of work-related traumatic injuries and fatalities.
Should we try to predict the next great U.S. earthquake

Abstract Short term earthquake prediction has become technically possible. However, the desirability of such predictions depends both on the probability of successfully predicting an event and on the odds of false predictions. This paper investigates the economic feasibility of earthquake prediction as a function of program performance for the Los Angeles area. Based on the now increasing probability of a great earthquake in the region, the paper concludes that, given current best estimates of program performance, such predictions may well provide expected benefits which exceed expected casts.
Parallel acquisition of MR images using time multiplexed coils

A new technique for parallel acquisition of magnetic resonance images is described. Two RF coils are time multiplexed into a single receiver channel, halving the effective image acquisition time with no degradation in signal-to-noise ratio. Noise filtering is performed with RF bandpass filters. In principle, the method can be extended to additional coils.
Negative pressure in the middle ear in children after nitrous oxide anaesthesia.

A study was conducted to measure the pressure in the middle ear in healthy children, following nitrous oxide anaesthesia,
Reservation-based distributed scheduling in wireless networks

Several distributed scheduling policies for wireless networks that achieve a provable efficiency ratio have been developed recently. These policies are characterized by the selection, at the onset of every time slot, of a subset of links according to the interference model of the network and the length of the links' queues. The selected subset of links is for the next time slot only. In this paper, we propose a new framework for the stability analysis of distributed scheduling policies that allow links to transmit data packets in any future time slots by means of slot reservations. Within this framework, we propose and analyze a reservation-based distributed scheduling policy for IEEE 802.16 mesh networks. We find sufficient conditions for the stability of the network when the traffic uses one hop. Specifically, we prove a lower bound for its efficiency ratio by evaluating the stability conditions obtained from our proposed framework. Finally, we compare this lower bound with the capacity achieved in simulation results.
The effects of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether (NIT) on serum thyroid hormones in adult female mice

Abstract The administration of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether (nitrofen; NIT) to adult female mice by i.p. injection at doses of 500 and 1000 mg kg day for 3 days, reduced serum thyroxine (T4) levels. T4 levels were reduced in the high-dosage group by 60% of the control and by 20% in the low-dose group. Serum triiodothyronine (T3) levels were relatively unaffected by NIT treatment at either dose. The animals appeared euthyroid, as body weights were unaffected even though T4 levels were reduced. Liver weights were slightly higher as a result of NIT exposure at both 500 and 1000 mg kg day .
Gene expression profiles in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues obtained with a novel assay for microarray analysis

Gene expression profiling using microarrays has revolutionized the analysis of biological samples. In clinical applications, microarray data have been used to successfully distinguish among patients exhibiting similar symptoms (1)(2). Early demonstrations of this power were in the diagnosis of subtypes of acute leukemia (3) and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (4), and such analyses are gradually gaining acceptance for diagnostic and prognostic applications (5)(6)(7). Investigators are currently accumulating microarray data for a broad assortment of such studies but are limited by the requirement of fresh/frozen tissues for sample preparation and labeling (8). This limitation requires the accumulation of fresh samples throughout the course of the disease, which may involve years of monitoring. However, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are widely available and have the advantage of a known patient outcome and drug response history. RNAs derived from these samples are commonly badly degraded and have not been useful for conventional microarray studies (9)(10). We applied a novel expression assay to simultaneously monitor 502 cancer-related genes in RNAs derived from FFPE samples, using microarrays assembled on fiber optic bundles. Our results suggest that this approach can be used for extending microarray analyses to RNAs derived from archival tissue samples. We have recently developed a gene expression method called the DASL™ assay (cDNA-mediated annealing, selection, extension, and ligation) (11). This assay targets gene-specific sequences, using pools of chimeric query oligonucleotides. The oligonucleotides all share common primer landing sites so that once the upstream oligonucleotide is extended and ligated to the downstream oligonucleotide, an amplifiable product is generated. One PCR primer pair is used to amplify all of the amplifiable templates and generate amplicons of similar size (∼100 bp). This uniformity minimizes potential bias during amplification of many different targets. Currently, the DASL assay can be multiplexed …
Antioxidative function and substrate specificity of NAD(P)H-dependent alkenal/one oxidoreductase. A new role for leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase/15-oxoprostaglandin 13-reductase.

Abstract There are several known routes for the metabolic detoxication of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones, including conjugation to glutathione and reduction and oxidation of the aldehyde to an alcohol and a carboxylic acid, respectively. In this study, we describe a fourth class of detoxication that involves the reduction of the α,β-carbon=carbon double bond to a single bond. This reaction is catalyzed by NAD(P)H-dependent alkenal/one oxidoreductase (AO), an enzyme heretofore known as leukotriene B4 12-hydroxydehydrogenase, 15-oxoprostaglandin 13-reductase, and dithiolethione-inducible gene-1. AO is shown to effectively reduce cytotoxic lipid peroxidation products such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) (k cat = 4.0 × 103 min−1;k cat/K m = 3.3 × 107 min−1 m −1) and acrolein (k cat = 2.2 × 102min−1; k cat/K m= 1.5 × 106 min−1 m −1) and common industrial compounds such as ethyl vinyl ketone (k cat = 9.6 × 103 min−1;k cat/K m = 8.8 × 107 min−1 m −1) and 15-oxoprostaglandin E1 (k cat = 2.4 × 103 min−1;k cat/K m = 2.4 × 109 min−1 m −1). Furthermore, transfection of human embryonic kidney cells with a rat liver AO expression vector protected these cells from challenge with HNE. The concentration of HNE at which 50% of the cells were killed after 24 h increased from ∼15 μm in control cells to ∼70 μm in AO-transfected cells. Overexpression of AO also completely abolished protein alkylation by HNE at all concentrations tested (up to 30 μm). Thus, we describe a novel antioxidative activity of a previously characterized bioactive lipid-metabolizing enzyme that could prove to be therapeutically or prophylactically useful due to its high catalytic rate and inducibility.
Preliminary Report on Effect of Topical Applications of Titanium Tetrafluoride on Dental Caries

An annual, one-minute application of a 1% solution of titanium tetrafluoride to the teeth on one side of the mouth of each of 110 children offered greater protection against caries after three years than was given to teeth on the other side of the mouth treated with a four-minute application of acid phosphate fluoride.
IBM's directions in technical computing

Technical computing comprises hardware systems, software, tools, communications networks, and applications to significantly increase productivity and competitiveness. A Technical Computing Structure (TCS) is described which provides a framework and IBM's direction to integrate these elements, including both IBM offerings and industry standards to support the technical end user. Also discussed are some of the special studies undertaken to improve development programs for this environment.
Temporal context: applications and implications for computational linguistics

This paper describes several ongoing projects that are united by the theme of changes in lexical use over time. We show that paying attention to a document's temporal context can lead to improvements in information retrieval and text categorization. We also explore a potential application in document clustering that is based upon different types of lexical changes.
Tail-assisted pitch control in lizards, robots and dinosaurs

In 1969, a palaeontologist proposed that theropod dinosaurs used their tails as dynamic stabilizers during rapid or irregular movements, contributing to their depiction as active and agile predators. Since then the inertia of swinging appendages has been implicated in stabilizing human walking, aiding acrobatic manoeuvres by primates and rodents, and enabling cats to balance on branches. Recent studies on geckos suggest that active tail stabilization occurs during climbing, righting and gliding. By contrast, studies on the effect of lizard tail loss show evidence of a decrease, an increase or no change in performance. Application of a control-theoretic framework could advance our general understanding of inertial appendage use in locomotion. Here we report that lizards control the swing of their tails in a measured manner to redirect angular momentum from their bodies to their tails, stabilizing body attitude in the sagittal plane. We video-recorded Red-Headed Agama lizards (Agama agama) leaping towards a vertical surface by first vaulting onto an obstacle with variable traction to induce a range of perturbations in body angular momentum. To examine a known controlled tail response, we built a lizard-sized robot with an active tail that used sensory feedback to stabilize pitch as it drove off a ramp. Our dynamics model revealed that a body swinging its tail experienced less rotation than a body with a rigid tail, a passively compliant tail or no tail. To compare a range of tails, we calculated tail effectiveness as the amount of tailless body rotation a tail could stabilize. A model Velociraptor mongoliensis supported the initial tail stabilization hypothesis, showing as it did a greater tail effectiveness than the Agama lizards. Leaping lizards show that inertial control of body attitude can advance our understanding of appendage evolution and provide biological inspiration for the next generation of manoeuvrable search-and-rescue robots.
Group Psychotherapy: Being and Becoming.

This basic model of group therapy highlights marked differences from individual therapy and illustrates the complexity of treatment planning. As human needs today are often shunted, group therapists respond by absorbing experiential-type innovations and by extending the boundaries of theory and application. An attempt at enriching and integrating group methods gives rise to Theme-Centered Interactional Therapy, the advantages of which are discussed. This new approach has relevance to group counseling.
Local chemical vapor deposition of carbon nanofibers from photoresist

The addition of nanofeatures to carbon microelectromechanical system (C-MEMS) structures would greatly increase surface area and enhance their performance in miniature batteries, super-capacitors, electrochemical and biological sensors. Negative photoresist posts were patterned on a Au/Ti contact layer by photolithography. After pyrolyzing the photoresist patterns to carbon patterns, graphitic nanofibers were observed near the contact layer. The incorporation of carbon nanofibers in C-MEMS structures via a simple pyrolysis of modified photoresist was investigated. Both experimental results considered to consist of a local chemical vapor deposition mechanism. The method represents a novel, elegant and inexpensive way to equip carbon microfeatures with nanostructures, in a process that could possibly be scaled up to the mass production of many electronic and biological devices.
Prüfung endlicher homogener Markoffketten auf Ergodizität

Die zur Prufung endlicher homogener Markoffketten auf Ergodizitat bekannten Kriterien werden zusammengestellt und in bezug auf ihre Anwendbarkeit diskutiert: Das (am geeignetsten erscheinende)Gordonsche Kriterium wird modifiziert und durchBoolesche Methoden erganzt.
Selected English-Language Bibliography of Interest for Hungarian Cultural Studies: 2013-2014

As the above title indicates, because of the publication schedule of Hungarian Cultural Studies this bibliography straddles 2013-2014, covering the period since the publication in Fall of 2013 of last year’s bibliography in this journal. Each year’s bibliography is supplemented by earlier items that were only retrieved recently. Although this bibliography series can only concentrate on English-language items, occasional items of particular interest in other languages may be included. For a more extensive bibliography of Hungarian Studies from about 2000 to 2010, for which this is a continuing update, see Louise O. Vasvari, Steven Totosy de Zepetnek, and Carlo Salzani. “Bibliography for Work in Hungarian Studies as Comparative Central European Studies.” CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture ( Library ) (2011): http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/clcweblibrary/hungarianstudiesbibliography .
From failure to success: working with under‐prepared transfer students

Purpose – To present a successful collaboration between an instruction librarian and the director of a campus‐writing center for the benefit of some under prepared transfer students in an urban setting at a research university.Design/methodology/approach – Qualitative. Librarian and writing instructor reflect on the pedagogy used and their collaboration.Findings – Intensive librarian‐faculty collaboration using theoretical concepts and models from general education, writing pedagogy, and librarianship can create a successful learning space for under prepared students.Originality/value – The actual voice of the teaching faculty is rarely heard in the library literature, but it is an integral part of this article.
Manual dexterity in phenylketonuric children.

3 groups of children (12 phenylketonuric Ss, 12 nonphenylketonuric matched controls, and a normative group of 72 elementary school children) were given a series of 5 manual dexterity tasks. Taken as a group the performance of the phenylketonuric Ss did not differ from their matched controls. When the phenylketonuric group was divided into two subgroups (on or off diet), Ss on diet did not differ significantly from their controls, but Ss off diet performed significantly more poorly than their controls.
American Empires: Past and Present*

L'auteur etablit une typologie des empires. Qu'ils soient «directs» ou «indirects», les empires possedent necessairement des colonies. Ce n'est pas le cas des empires «informels», mais ceux–ci peuvent etre divises en trois sous-types: les empires «canonniers», «mandataires» et d' «ajustement structurel», a quoi s'ajoute «hegemoniques» comme type de domination non imperial, chaque type tendant a presenter une forme de regles plus douces que le precedent. Les vrais empires sont constitues de differents assortiments de ces regles et, a mesure qu'ils vieillissent, elles tendent a s'alleger. C'est pour cette raison que l'empire americain n'a pas eu de veritable colonie depuis le debut du XXe siecle et que des formes plus moderees d'empires informels, apres la Deuxieme Guerre mondiale, se sont alliees a l'hegemonie. Pourtant, les annees 1970 ont connu un plus grand ajustement structurel de l'imperialisme americain alors que les annees 1990 et 2000 ont fait face a une tentative d'etablissement d'un empire americain canonnier a grande echelle. L'echec de celui-ci menace presentement l'imperialisme americain en general. This paper lays out a typology of empires. “Direct” and “indirect” empires involve colonies. “Informal” empire does not, but can be divided into three subtypes, “gunboats,”“proxies,” and “structural adjustment.”“Hegemony” is added as a nonimperial type of domination. Each tends to be a lighter form of rule than the preceding one. Real empires contain varying mixtures of these and as they age, their rule tends to lighten. Thus in the American empire, there have been no real colonies since the beginning of the twentieth century, and after World War II milder forms of informal empire were blended with hegemony. Yet the 1970s saw an increase in American structural adjustment imperialism, while the 1990s and the 2000s saw an attempt at large-scale American gunboat empire. The failure of the latter is now threatening American imperialism more generally.
Late, not early, stages of Kanizsa shape perception are compromised in schizophrenia

Background Schizophrenia is a devastating psychiatric disorder characterized by symptoms including delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thought. Kanizsa shape perception is a basic visual process that builds illusory contour and shape representations from spatially segregated edges. Recent studies have shown that schizophrenia patients exhibit abnormal electrophysiological signatures during Kanizsa shape perception tasks, but it remains unclear how these abnormalities are manifested behaviorally and whether they arise from early or late levels in visual processing.
A comment on crystallization in PEKK and PEEK resins

La cristallinite du poly(etherethercetone) (PEEK) cristallise dans differentes conditions (en solution, par refroidissement lent de l'etat fondu, par recuit a 473°K) est toujours superieure a celle de la poly(ethercetonecetone) (PEKK). Contrairement au PEEK, le PEKK presente selon la methode de cristallisation 2 formes cristallines differentes
Learning-based prostate localization for image guided radiation therapy

Accurate prostate localization is the key to the success of radiotherapy. It remains a difficult problem for CT images due to the low image contrast, the prostate motion, and the uncertain presence of rectum gas. In this paper, a learning based framework is proposed to improve the accuracy of prostate detection in CT. It adaptively determines distinctive feature types at distinctive image regions, thus filtering out features that are salient in image appearance, but irrelevant to prostate localization. Furthermore, an image similarity function is learned to make the image appearance distance consistent with the underlying prostate alignment. The efficacy of our proposed method has been demonstrated by the experiment.
Identification and cloning of a megakaryocyte growth and development factor that is a ligand for the cytokine receptor MpI

A novel megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF) has been identified in aplastic canine plasma, and its cDNAs have been cloned from canine, murine, and human sources. Purified canine MGDF isolated by procedures involving MpI receptor affinity chromatography exists in at least two forms, with apparent molecular masses of 25 kDa and 31 kDa, that share the N-terminal amino acid sequence APP-ACDPRLLNKMLRDSHVLH. Human, dog, and mouse cDNAs for MGDF are highly conserved and encode open reading frames for proteins of 353, 352, and 356 amino acids, respectively, including predicted signal peptides. Canine MGDF and recombinant human MGDF support the development of megakaryocytes from human CD34+ progenitor cell populations in liquid culture and promote the survival of a factor-dependent murine cell line (32D) engineered to express MpI. These biological activities are blocked by the soluble extracellular domain of MpI. These data demonstrate that MGDF is a novel cytokine that regulates megakaryocyte development and is a ligand for the MPI receptor.
Promise and Performance: An Evaluation of Journals in International Relations

What kind of international relations research gets published in the field’s most recognized journals? Who are its authors? This study investigates the subject matter, methodology, and origin of recent research published in top international relations journals, building on earlier work that has investigated the contents of journals. This study investigates the contents of three international relations journals— International Studies Quarterly, International Organization , and World Politics — which have been consistently ranked as the top three journals in international relations. Data are for the ten most recent completed volume years, 1995–2004. This study finds that international relations scholarship in these three journals focuses on a relatively narrow range of subjects and is produced by a rather homogeneous group of scholars.
Field assessment of induction motor efficiency through air-gap torque

Induction motors are the most popular motors used in industry. This paper further suggests the use of the air-gap torque method (see J.S. Hsu et al., ibid., vol.10, no.3, p.471-7, 1995) to evaluate their efficiency and load changes. The fundamental difference between Method E and the air-gap torque method is discussed. Efficiency assessments conducted on induction motors under various conditions show the accuracy and potential of the air-gap torque method.
Odontogenic sinusitis: a case series studying diagnosis and management.

Background Odontogenic sinusitis is a well-recognized, but understudied form of sinusitis. Odontogenic sinusitis requires unique diagnostic criteria and a treatment regimen that differs from non-odontogenic sinusitis. The purpose of this article is to present a case series of patients with odontogenic sinusitis in order to clarify key disease characteristics and management techniques. Methods Retrospective case series of 55 patients with odontogenic sinusitis. Each patient underwent chart and imaging review to analyze demographic factors, diagnostic criteria, clinical course, and management. Results Fifty-five patients were identified retrospectively. Forty-four were diagnosed at initial visit. Twenty-eight (64%) of these patients were diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) scan showing dental pathology, 11 (25%) by known temporal relationship to a dental procedure, and 5 (11%) by presentation with oral-antral fistula. Only 65% of radiology reports for all patients mentioned dental pathology. Overall, 21 (38%) patients had disease resolution. Of these, 7 (33%) resolved with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) alone, 7 (33%) resolved with concurrent ESS and dental surgery, 2 (10%) resolved with dental surgery alone, 2 (10%) resolved with ESS after failing dental surgery, 2 (10%) resolved with medical management alone, and 1 (5%) resolved with medical management after failing dental surgery. Forty-six (84%) patients had unilateral odontogenic sinusitis. The Lund-Mackay score for all patients was (mean ± standard deviation [SD]) 4.0 ± 3.2. Conclusion Odontogenic sinusitis is often misdiagnosed. Radiology reports commonly do not mention dental pathology. Management of odontogenic sinusitis needs to be tailored to each individual patient and involves varying combinations of medical management, dental surgery, and ESS.
Demographic consequences of anthropogenic influences: Florida black bears in north-central Florida

Anthropogenic habitat fragmentation poses a serious threat to conservation of large carnivores, due to their extensive movements and potential conflicts with humans. We studied the population ecology of Florida black bears (Ursus americanus floridanus) for 6 years in two study areas in north-central Florida: Ocala National Forest (ONF), a contiguous forested habitat, and an adjacent residential community of Lynne, a fragmented habitat with substantial human activities. We estimated age-specific survival and fecundity rates of bears using data from radio-collared bears, and parameterized and analyzed stagestructured matrix population models for the two study sites and also for data pooled from both sites. Annual survival rates of adult females were lower in Lynne (0.776 ± 0.074) than in ONF (0.966 ± 0.023). While cub survival rates were higher in Lynne (0.507 ± 0.135) than in ONF (0.282 ± 0.109), the rates at both sites were substantially lower than those reported for other black bear populations. Age-specific fecundities did not vary between sites. The asymptotic population growth rate for ONF was greater than one, whereas that for Lynne was less than one. Our results suggest that anthropogenic influences (primarily road density and vehicular traffic, through their effect on adult survival) can substantially affect the population dynamics of Florida black bears and other large carnivores with large home ranges. We recommend efforts such as constructing highway underpasses, which could reduce road-related mortalities, to ensure long-term persistence of Florida black bears facing threats from rapidly increasing human influences.
Building a mathematical model of vacuum arc interruption-parameter optimization

Design of new vacuum interrupters and performance evaluation of existing devices can be greatly enhanced by using mathematical models of vacuum arc interruption. The so-called transition model of Andrews and Varey (1971) has been augmented by Glinkowski et al. to include nonuniform distribution of plasma density and breakdown criteria. The model contains four critical parameters, constants, that have to be determined for a particular device and external electrical circuit conditions. This paper describes a numerical approach to determine the optimum values of the four parameters from the measured test data of voltage and current of the vacuum switch in the vicinity of current zero. Although the approach is purely mathematical its results provide an interesting, new insight to the physics of the arc plasma and possible phenomena occurring during interruption.
Multivariable feedback design for regulating vapor compression cycles

This paper presents multivariable feedback control design for regulating a vapor compression cycle based on a lumped-parameter model. In particular, the conventional control strategy of SISO systems is studied based on the model and experimental tests, and compared to multivariable feedback control. It is shown that multivariable control of compressor speed and expansion valve opening has better performance than the existing SISO control method in regulating superheat and evaporating pressure. More importantly, with variable-speed compressor, electronic expansion, indoor and outdoor fans, evaporating and condensing pressures, the refrigerant superheat as well as subcool values can be simultaneously controlled to have the desired values such that desired COP can be maintained under different ambient conditions. It is expected that active multivariable feedback control will have wide applications in HVAC&R systems including air conditioners, heat pumps, and refrigerators etc. to achieve high performance and high energy-efficiency.
Towards a self-managing software patching process using black-box persistent-state manifests

We describe an approach to self-managing software patching. We identify visibility into patch impact as the key missing component in automating the current patching process, and we present a suite of components that provides this visibility by constructing black-box persistent-state manifests through self-monitoring of dependencies. Additionally, we use the component suite to measure the actual impact of recent patches on several important commercial applications.
Increasing stimulation of megakaryocytopoiesis with decreasing platelet count.

SummaryRats were exchange transfused with platelet-poor blood to produce varying degrees of thrombocytopenia. Marrow samples were taken 31 hr later and the megakar-yocyte population was scored for the percentage in endomitosis. The MeI progressively increased as the circulating platelet count was reduced. These findings are consistent with the concept of a humoral regulator of thrombocytopoiesis, the activity of which is related to the severity of depression of circulating platelets.
Stepping off the pasture: Evidence of widespread alternative male mating tactics in the yellow dung fly

Geoff Parker’s investigations of the yellow dung fly mating system revitalized interest in sexual selection theory, sparked development of sperm competition and sexual conflict theories, and stimulated use of this species as an important model system. Numerous studies across widespread populations have demonstrated large-male advantages in competition contests occurring on dung in cow pastures; however, recent work suggests that smaller males adopt an alternative mating tactic by avoiding dung and instead copulating with females at foraging sites. Though this finding has the potential to expand our understanding of sexual selection in yellow dung flies, such behavior has to date been documented at only one field site, raising the possibility that this phenomenon is highly localized. Here, we report the expression of size-dependent alternative mating tactics across three discrete populations. These findings provide a cautionary tale for researchers limiting their attention to aggregation sites where study organisms are most conveniently encountered.
Local Bias and Adoption Patterns of Occupational Pensions in Germany

The withdrawal of the welfare states from pensions underscores the need for a better understanding of the spatial characteristics of adoption processes in the case of financial innovations. In 2001, the German pension reform reduced the publicly provided pensions, and introduced subsidized, voluntary occupational plans to replace the loss in retirement income. This paper looks at the spatial and temporal adoptions of the newly created occupational pensions by analysing a unique, proprietary database, containing data of twelve thousand employers and 286 thousand employees working in the German metal- and electric industry. The study identifies metropolitan/non-metropolitan, East-West, and further geographical differences in the employers’ timing to adopt, which in turn influences employees’ decisions to enroll. Differences are identified among employee-level adoptions depending on the employers’ timing and further, individual-level factors. The results emphasize the importance of local bias in the transformation of old-age finances in the German welfare state.
Epstein-Barr Virus DNA Replication

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a prevalent human herpesvirus, is maintained as an extrachromosomal, multicopy plasmid in latently infected B cells. Latent infection is characterized by limited viral gene expression (Epstein and Achong 1979; van Santon et al. 1981) and faithful replication of the EBV episome once (and only once) per cell cycle in parallel with cellular DNA (Adams 1987; Hamper et al. 1974). The EBV replicon, in contrast to the “runaway” replication characteristic of polyomaviruses, provides a model for the study of a replication origin regulated by and within the cell cycle. EBV plasmid replication is particularly attractive for this because only two viral genetic elements are required for plasmid maintenance: a cis-acting replication origin within the EBV BamHI C region (Lupton and Levine 1985; Reisman et al. 1985; Yates et al. 1984) and the transacting EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) (Lupton and Levine 1985; Reisman et al. 1985). It seems likely, therefore, that EBV plasmid maintenance will be closely regulated by cellular mechanisms that initiate replication of host cell chromosomes and permit only one duplication cycle per generation.
Book Review: Ilsami Muaashiyaat

This valuable and absorbing book brings out facts not generally discussed in the field of economics. It presents complex ideas of Islamic Economics from the Quranic and Hadith perspective in a literary and lucid style. Sometimes novice Urdu reader is digressed, but the author’s scholarly artistic style keeps the reader engaged to the end. Gilani begins with factors of production, capital and Quran, labor and Quran, and world as a system of earning bread and butter, equal rights of men and women in the field of economics and then logically links these with prerequisites by mentioning just two words 'guardian scholar' (Hafeez o Aleem). In fact, Prophet Hadhrat Yousaf introduced himself to the Egyptian King saying 'I am Hafeez o Aleem, so appoint me as a custodian of your lands.” These two words are hardly found in the vocabulary of economic scholars.
In-Channel Flow Sensor Using Drag Forces

We present an analytical model, simulated results and experimental verification for a scalable microchannel-embedded cantilever flow sensor that utilizes drag forces to produce moments in the embedded beams.
Black Muslims (African American Muslims)

The history of black Muslims in North America predates the founding of the United States; it begins with a minority of black slaves who were Muslims. While very few descendants of black Muslim slaves appear to have practiced Islam as adults, the presence of black Muslims in northern American cities would grow in the early twentieth century through efforts of the foreign missionary Ahmadiyyah movement and two indigenous groups, the Moorish Science Temple of America and the Nation of Islam. These groups were able to convince African Americans that Islam was free of racism and a better fit for them than Christianity. In 1975, after the death of the Nation of Islam's long-time leader Elijah Muhammad, his son Wallace Mohammed moved the organization closer to Sunni Islam and changed its name to the World Community of Islam. In 1978 Louis Farrakhan reconstituted the Nation of Islam, bringing back the original theology. Keywords: African American; civil rights; Islam; race; religion
SIRT is safe in the remnant liver post partial liver resection

225 Objectives Selective intrahepatic radionuclide therapy (SIRT) is a novel approach, generally used to treat surgically unresectable metastatic hepatic lesions. We assessed the safety and efficacy of SIRT in treating hepatic metastases in the remnant liver after liver resection, where the depleted liver volume raises concerns of inducing radiation hepatitis. Methods This study retrospectively analysed patients undergoing SIRT between January 2009 and December 2012 after partial liver resection. SIRT was performed using 90Y resin microspheres to selectively target recurrent metastatic lesions, after remnant liver and tumour volume estimations on axial imaging and appropriate dose calculations. Patient demographics, tumour biology, hepatic vasculature details and complications were assessed. Response assessment on axial imaging was performed 8 weeks later to assess size and necrosis within the targeted lesions. Results Overall 13 patients (8 men, 5 women, median age 62 years) with hepatic metastatic tumours and Child Pugh A scores underwent SIRT after liver resection( 6 right hepatectomies, 3 left hepatectomies and 4 segmental resections in both lobes). The median remnant liver volume was 1738ml (range: 1596 to 2370 ml), targeted tumour ranged between 1 and 20% of the remnant liver volume and a median treatment dose of 1.7 GBq (range: 0.9 to 2.2 GBq). No immediate complications were encountered and transient radiation hepatitis at 4 weeks occurred in 1 patient. All lesions with particle deposition on post therapy imaging showed central necrosis on response assessment imaging but were considered stable disease on size based criteria. Conclusions SIRT is a safe and effective treatment for the reduction of hepatic metastatic burden in the remnant liver following liver resection.
High Resolution Radioautography of 3H-DDT-Treated Insects1

By using high resolution radioautography, 3H-DDT and its metabolites were localized in the neural lamella of the ganglia and interganglionic connectives of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.) and the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.). Localization was observed along cell and mitochondrial membranes and along microtubules and neurotubules in the neuropile region of the tobacco budworm but not in the American cockroach. No deposition of silver grains could be found in the nerve-cell body area of either insect.
Abstract 1481: microRNA mediated reprograming of fibroblasts into cancer associated fibroblasts in ovarian cancer

Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major constituent of the tumor stroma and promote the invasion and growth of cancer cells. However, the mechanism by which cancer cells transform normal fibroblasts into CAFs is unclear. While it is clearly established that microRNAs are deregulated in cancer and are involved in cellular reprograming, it is not known if they play a role in the transformation of normal fibroblasts into CAFs. Therefore, we investigated the novel possibility of microRNA mediated reprogramming of normal fibroblasts into CAFs. Primary CAFs extracted from the metastasis of patients with ovarian cancer and normal omental fibroblasts (NOFs) extracted from non-cancer patients were profiled for microRNA expression. The functional role of microRNAs in CAFs was established by assessing their ability to promote ovarian cancer co-invasion, colony formation and tumor growth in mice. The microRNA targets were identified using gene array analysis, validated by 3′UTR luciferase reporter assay, and functionally verified both in vitro and in mouse xenografts. Comparing CAFs and NOFs we found that, in ovarian cancer CAFs miR-31 and miR-214 were downregulated while miR-155 was upregulated as compared to normal or tumor-adjacent fibroblasts. Mimicking this deregulation by transfecting microRNAs and microRNA inhibitors induced a phenotypic and functional conversion of normal fibroblasts into CAFs, and the reverse experiment resulted in the reprograming of CAFs into normal fibroblasts. The microRNA induced CAFs and patient-derived CAFs shared multiple upregulated genes highly enriched in chemokines important for CAF function. The most highly upregulated chemokine, CCL5/RANTES, was found to be a direct target of miR-214. CCL5 was functionally important for both CAFs and normal fibroblasts reprogrammed into CAFs, in vitro and in mouse xenografts. These results indicate that tumor cells can reprogram fibroblasts to become CAFs through the regulation of their microRNAs, suggesting that targeting microRNA in stromal cells, as well as in tumor cells, could be beneficial for cancer treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1481. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1481
Molecular Dynamics Study of Carbon Dioxide Hydrate Dissociation

We present results from a molecular dynamics study of the dissociation behavior of carbon dioxide (CO2) hydrates. We explore the effects of hydrate occupancy and temperature on the rate of hydrate dissociation. We quantify the rate of dissociation by tracking CO2 release into the liquid water phase as well as the velocity of the hydrate−liquid water interface. Our results show that the rate of dissociation is dependent on the fractional occupancy of each cage type and cannot be described simply in terms of overall hydrate occupancy. Specifically, we find that hydrates with similar overall occupancy differ in their dissociation behavior depending on whether the small or large cages are empty. In addition, individual cages behave differently depending on their surrounding environment. For the same overall occupancy, filled small and large cages dissociate faster in the presence of empty large cages than when empty small cages are present. Therefore, hydrate dissociation is a collective phenomenon that canno...