cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of Direct Practice, Repetitive Sprinting, and Weight Training on Selected Motor Performance Tests

Abstract The relative effectiveness of six intensive training programs on the development of four selected skills was studied, with emphasis on limited time encountered within the semester organizational plan. One hundred and twenty college freshmen men volunteers were randomly assigned to training groups of 30 members each, which met for two sessions a week for 16 weeks. Results indicated that: (a) direct practice jumping, alone or combined with repetitive sprinting or weight training, was significantly superior to weight training alone on standing broad jump development; (b) direct practice of a zigzag run was superior to both weight training and repetitive sprinting; and (c) when group acquisition of “adequate” skill is the objective, performance improvements educed over the first nine weeks were great enough to question the merits of persisting at an activity over a full semester. Only the zigzag run was adversely affected by the spring vacation cessation of training.
Invoking Membership Categories Through Marked Person Reference Forms in Parent-Child Interaction

Based on video-recordings and transcripts from parent-child conversations, this paper examines how marked person references can be designed to invoke relevant membership categories. Through detailed analyses guided by the principles of Conversation Analysis and Membership Categorization Analysis, I show that categories invoked through marked person references allow speakers to account for and upgrade the social actions they are performing. Findings of this study contribute to research on person reference and membership categorization, and in particular, the crossover between the two. They also provide insights into how parents employ language practices as a resource for socializing children into their family roles.
Nova Visualization for Optimization of Data-Parallel Programs

The nova radial plot in the *Graph system is used to display communication in data-parallel programs. Nova visualizations play a valuable role in understanding how virtual communication in data-parallel programs translates into network communication, and how source code modifications and data layout change physical communication patterns. A case study demonstrates how *Graph nova views are used to visualize and reduce network communication.
Methyl 5‐Methoxy‐3‐oxopentanoate

[62462-05-9] C7H12O4 (MW 160.19) InChI = 1S/C7H12O4/c1-10-4-3-6(8)5-7(9)11-2/h3-5H2,1-2H3 InChIKey = OPURNNHYTATPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (precursor to the annulating agent, Nazarov's reagent;1 can function as an annulating agent under acidic reaction conditions2) Physical Data: bp 75–76 °C/0.5 mmHg. Analysis of Reagent Purity: IR, NMR.3 Preparative Methods: see below.
Unmaking the State in “Occupied” Haiti

The democratic transition in Haiti (1986–present) has been forged alongside the proliferation of global governance interventions, from a series of UN peacekeeping missions to countless NGOs. Much of this activity has been pursued in the name of building state capacity. This article explores why residents in a Port-au-Prince neighborhood targeted by diverse governance projects perceive and experience “statelessness.” Taking the peacekeeping mission as an exemplar of global governance, it traces how the mission's social effects promote the perception of statelessness among residents because they confuse the locus of sovereign authority. These perceptions of statelessness are rooted not only in the weakness of the government of Haiti but also in the impotence that comes from a political field occupied by excessive, disordered forms of governance. The acknowledgment of statehood therefore depends on embodied displays of authorized force in which both those who govern and those who are governed acknowledge sovereign agency, power, and responsibility.
Why Do Eligible Households Not Participate in Public Antipoverty Programs?: A Review

Research has long-noted that many households eligible for U.S. public antipoverty programs do not participate. Failing to understand the reasons for this leads to research and policy that incompletely addresses the needs of those living in or near poverty. This review of the literature on participation and nonparticipation in four major programs (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Earned Income Tax Credit, and Medicaid/State Children’s Health Insurance Program) synthesizes our understanding of why eligible households may not participate in public programs, discusses gaps in our knowledge, and offers suggestions for future work in policy, practice, and research.
When Some is Not Better Than None: Effects of Differential Implementation of Curriculum-Based Measurement

This study explored the effect of differential implementation of curriculum-based measurement (CBM) on math computation achievement of students with mild disabilities. In addition, selected variables associated with the quality with which teachers implement CBM were examined. Twenty-nine special education teachers each monitored two students with mild disabilities in math computation using CBM for 16 weeks. Results indicated that students whose teachers implemented CBM more accurately made significantly greater math gains than did students whose teachers (a) implemented CBM less accurately and (b) did not use CBM. Adequacy of planning time was associated with the quality of CBM implementation.
Optimization of operating temperature in cryocooled HTS magnets for compactness and efficiency

A new concept of thermal design to optimize the operating temperature of high temperature superconductor (HTS) magnets is presented, aiming simultaneously at small size and low energy consumption. The magnet systems considered here are refrigerated by a closed-cycle cryocooler, and liquid cryogens may or may not be used as a cooling medium. For a specific magnet application, the size of required HTS windings could be smaller at a lower temperature, by taking advantage of a greater critical current density of HTS. As the temperature decreases, however, the power input to the cryocooler increases dramatically because of the heavy cooling load and the poor refrigeration performance. Through a rigorous modeling and analysis incorporating the effect of magnet size into the load calculation, it is demonstrated that there exists an optimum for the operating temperature to minimize the power required. The optimal temperature is strongly dependent upon the magnitude of AC loss in the magnets and the assistance of heat interception.
Nostradamus: low-cost hardware-only error detection for processor cores

We propose a new, low-cost, hardware-only scheme to detect errors in superscalar, out-of-order processor cores. For each instruction decoded, Nostradamus compares what the instruction is expected to do against what the instruction actually does. We implement Nostradamus in RTL on top of a baseline superscalar, out-of-order core, and we experimentally evaluate its ability to detect injected errors. We also evaluate Nostradamus's area and power overheads.
Cervicothoracic junction instability after cervical fusion.

A 70-year-old woman with a history of motor vehicle versus train accident, previous thoracic and lumbar fusion, and recent cervical fusion was admitted for severe upper back pain, difficulty with balance, weakness of lower extremities, and progressive kyphosis. On examination, the patient was found to have diffused myelopathy and paraparesis throughout her lower extremities. She requires a walker to maintain her balance and to ambulate. Radiography (Fig. 1) and magnetic resonance imaging (Fig. 2) revealed canal compromise and spinal cord compression, with a severe acute compression fracture at the
Novel β2-adrenergic receptor signaling pathways

The beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta(2)AR) is perhaps the most thoroughly investigated of all G-protein-coupled receptors. Although the classical pathway of beta(2)AR signaling involves agonist-promoted binding of the receptor to the heterotrimeric guanosine triphosphate-binding protein G(s), activation of adenylyl cyclase, and production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), current evidence suggests that beta(2)AR signaling is regulated by interaction with multiple proteins. These interactions fall into 3 major groups: guanosine triphosphate-binding proteins such as G(s) and G(i); protein kinases such as the cAMP-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C, G-protein-coupled receptor kinases, and tyrosine kinases; and adaptor proteins such as arrestins, A-kinase anchoring proteins, and the Na(+)/H(+)-exchanger regulatory factor. This review discusses these various interactions with particular emphasis on their role in regulating beta(2)AR signaling and trafficking.
Offering flexible and remote working options at IBM

IBM sees mobility as key to improving efficiency and productivity. Simon Meredith, IBM’s worldwide mobility strategy and program manager, explains how being flexible has helped to produce motivated employees.
DSC and DMTA studies of a thermal interface material for packaging high speed microprocessors

Abstract Thermophysical properties and cure behavior of a thermal interface material used in microelectronic packaging have been studied using DSC, DMTA and other thermal analysis techniques. Based on isothermal DSC results, the activation energy for the curing reaction is estimated to be 129 kJ/mol. When heated from −100 to 150 °C, the cured material exhibits a single endothermic peak near −45 °C, which corresponds to the melting of silicone oils in the sample. On cooling, the cured material crystallizes, but shows various degrees of undercooling depending on the cooling rate. Upon crystallization, DMTA analysis revealed that the storage modulus of the cured material increases dramatically, from several MPa to a few GPa. In the same process, the ultimate elongation decreases by almost a factor of 10. The impact of such static and dynamic mechanical behavior on packaging reliability will be addressed. The influence of curing on the mechanical modulus was also evaluated by DMTA. In addition, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and thermal stability of this material will be discussed.
The clinical syndrome of early‐life bilateral hippocampal sclerosis

Four infants had bilateral hippocampal sclerosis by magnetic resonance scans, including oblique coronal fast spin echo images of the temporal lobes; [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomographic scans, done in 2 infants, showed isolated bilateral anterior temporal lobe hypometabolism. All had epilepsy with episodes of status epilepticus. Despite adequate motor and sensory functions, all failed to develop language (or lost attained language), social skills, and complex purposive or adaptive activity, even after epilepsy was controlled. Bilateral hippocampal dysfunction in early life appears to be associated with a profound failure of cognitive capacities, including language learning and learning of complex social and adaptive skills in general. The deficits correspond to the cognitive deficits of severe infantile autism. Hippocampal function, or more generally medial temporal lobe function, appears necessary for language learning in the infant, as well as for complex social and adaptive learning.
Effect of pyrimidine deoxynucleosides and sodium butyrate on expression of the glycoprotein hormone α-subunit and placental alkaline phosphatase in HeLa cells

Abstract Production of the glycoprotein hormone common α-subunit and placental alkaline phosphatase activity can be modulated in HeLa cells by a variety of deoxynucleosides. Dose response curves for thymidine (Thd), fluorodeoxyuridine (FdUrd), bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) and iododeoxyuridine (IdUrd) demonstrate that, in general, alkaline phosphatase was increased by lower concentrations of inducer than was α-subunit. The deoxynucleosides were not as effective as sodium butyrate as inducers of either protein. Whereas Thd and the halogenated dUrd derivatives enhanced protein expression, deoxycytidine (dCyd) had negative effects. Induction by deoxynucleosides of both alkaline phosphatase and α-subunit was inhibited by dCyd, but induction of alkaline phosphatase by butyrate was more sensitive to dCyd inhibition than was the buryrate-mediated induction of α-subunit. These results suggest that the two proteins are not regulated in a coordinate manner. Reversal of alkaline phosphatase induction by dCyd was not observed in cells preincubated with sodium butyrate for 6–24 h before the addition of dCyd, indicating that the deoxynucleoside interferes with an early event in the butyrate-mediated response. Combinations of butyrate with Thd, BrdUrd or IdUrd were synergistic with respect to the induction of HeLa-α. It is concluded that incorporation of the deoxynucleosides into DNA may not be required for the synergistic response since 2′,5′-dideoxythymidine was an effective as Thd. Cytoplasmic dot hybridizations demonstrate that a primary effect of the various effectors is to increase the steady-state levels of α-subunit mRNA. There was a good correlation between α-subunit accumulation and corresponding levels of α-mRNA, suggesting that regulation occurs at a pretranslational site. Although the mechanism(s) is not understood, these data provide evidence that nucleosides or their derivatives can significantly affect gene expression.
Review of Modeling carbon and nitrogen dynamics for soil management by M. J. Shaffer, Liwang Ma, and S. Hansen

Aquatic Chemistry by Strumm and Morgan is a standard text in this field and as such is an excellent book. For undergraduates, however, it may be too advanced for use as a first textbook. Dr. Benjamin has attempted to address that problem in his work. Water Chemistry starts with an overview of some physical/ chemical concepts. This chapter could be extremely useful to students who have had their last chemistry course well before taking a course in water chemistry. Chapter 2 discusses chemical thermodynamics in some depth. The author prides himself on providing more than basic coverage of this subject. He argues that students have problems with thermodynamics due to texts not going into the subject in sufficient detail. Chapters 3–5 and 7–10 apply the concepts that were introduced in the first two chapters to specific types of chemical reactions. Chapter 6 discusses currently available software which can be used to solve chemical equilibrium problems. Dr. Benjamin avoids recommending specific software packages, but does prefer the MINEQL family of programs. Intended as an undergraduate textbook, Water Chemistry could also be used by professionals wanting an understanding of chemical processes related to water and wastewater treatment. The book is readable and logically organized. Chapters 1 and 2 may be more useful to students than to professionals already familiar with the more basic concepts covered there. There is an index at the back of the book. Appendix A has thermodynamic data and equilibrium constants. Equations used throughout the book are compiled in Appendix B. Each equation given is referenced to the text in which it is presented in the main body of the book. This allows you to find an equation easily. It also allows you to quickly read how and where that equation should be applied. This section would be particularly useful to professionals who need quick access to practical information on the job. Dr. Benjamin has done an outstanding job of taking a difficult subject and making it accessible to undergraduates and others looking for a basic understanding of water chemistry.
Verification of three dimensional charge transport simulations using ion microbeams

Optically targeted, ion microbeams provide a useful means of exposing individual structures within an integrated circuit to ionizing radiation. With this tool, calibrated, low damage, charge collection spectra can be measured from specific circuit structures without preceding ion damage to the structure or surrounding circuitry. This paper presents comparisons of calibrated, low damage, ion microbeam- based charge collection measurements and three-dimensional, charge transport simulations of charge collection for isolated n- and p- channel field effect transistors under conducting and non-conducting bias conditions.
Poultry by-product meal as a dietary protein source in fall Chinook salmon diets

Juvenile fall chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) were fed diets containing poultry by-product meal (PBM) at levels of 0, 10, 20, and 30% by replacement of fish meall in a practical production formulation for a period of 20 weeks at a constant water temperature of 12°C. Weight gains and feed efficiencies were no different in fish fed the diet with 20% PBM from those in fish fed the diet with 0% PBM. Feeding a diet with 30% PBM impaired growth and feed efficiency. Gill adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity, plasma thyroxine, and plasma sodium regulation after a 24-h sea-water challenge were not affected by dietary variations. Starvation for 1 to 3 weeks adversely affected ATPase, plasma sodium regulation, and condition factor. A decreased condition factor was correlated with plasma sodium level in fish held for 24 h in seawater.
Approximate Effective Action for Quantum Gravity

A new gauge-invariant effective action is proposed for quantum gravity, based on older results that go beyond finite-order perturbation theory. Expressed in coordinate space rather than momentum space it should find important applications in the theory of the early universe.
Observations on the olfactory organ of adult and juvenile Octopus joubini.

Abstract The olfactory organ has an epithelium containing many sense cells and a large subepithelial mass of receptor cells. The epithelium includes cells with cupshaped, ciliated endings, and hollow, flask-shaped sense cells with ciliated cavities that open to the surface through a small pore. Below the epithelium are large hollow cells with ciliated cavities and distal processes that either form patent connections between the ciliated cavity and the surface or have a ciliated ending at the surface. There are many synapses between processes in the olfactory nerve. The possible chemosensory function of the olfactory organ is discussed.
Securing services in the cloud: an investigation of the threats and the mitigations

The stakeholder's security concerns over data in the clouds (Voice, Video and Text) are a real concern to DoD, the IC and private sector. This is primarily due to the lack of physical isolation of data when migrating to shared infrastructure platforms. The security concerns are related to privacy and regulatory compliance required in many industries (healthcare, financial, law enforcement, DoD, etc) and the corporate knowledge databases. The new paradigm depends on the service provider to ensure that the customer's information is continuously monitored and is kept available, secure, access controlled and isolated from potential adversaries.
Release of O-sulfate groups under mild acid hydrolysis conditions used for estimation of N-sulfate content

The treatment of chondroitin sulfate isolated from cultured B16 mouse melanoma cells with 0.04 M HCl at 100 degrees C for 90 min released up to 45% of O-sulfate residues as free inorganic sulfate. In addition to the release of inorganic sulfate, extensive degradation of this polysaccharide as well as of cartilage chondroitin sulfate, pig rib cartilage proteoglycan, heparin and hyaluronic acid was also evident under these conditions. The above hydrolysis conditions are used for characterizing 35S-labeled heparan sulfates synthesized by cultured cells and to calculate ratio of N- and O-sulfates in these molecules. Our results suggest that caution is necessary in interpreting the results of mild acid hydrolysis of glycosaminoglycans.
Organizational Justice and Job Satisfaction: A Test of Three Competing Models

Using nationally representative data, we test three theories about distributive and procedural justice and their relation to job satisfaction. Our results support the group-value model more than the personal outcomes model by showing that procedural justice is a more important predictor of job satisfaction than is distributive justice. Furthermore, although other research has supported the psychological contract model by showing that experiences with downsizing alter how procedural justice and distributive justice are related to organizational commitment, we find that downsizing does not alter their relationship with job satisfaction.
A water purification system for laboratory use

A water purification system is described, capable of producing Type I water upon demand at multiple locations up to 700 feet, from the purifying equipment. Tap water is initially treated employing reverse osmosis, followed by treatment with activated charcoal and mixed anion/cation exchange resins. The resultant Type I quality water is miantained by means of a recycling loop until removal upon demand. The current cost of producing water of this quality is $0.03 per liter, exclusive of capital and installation costs.
Rational functions with a general distribution of poles on the real line orthogonal with respect to varying exponential weights: I

Orthogonal rational functions are characterized in terms of a family of matrix Riemann–Hilbert problems on ℝ, and a related family of energy minimisation problems is presented. Existence, uniqueness, and regularity properties of the equilibrium measures which solve the energy minimisation problems are established. These measures are used to derive a family of ‘model’ matrix Riemann–Hilbert problems which are amenable to asymptotic analysis via the Deift–Zhou non-linear steepest-descent method.
Prevention of healthcare-associated infections in children: new strategies and success stories.

Purpose of reviewAttention to patient safety has made hospital infection prevention and control strategies a subject of increasing focus from healthcare personnel, patients and families, accrediting organizations, and government. This review highlights recent literature and new successes in the prev
Preserving the educational value of call in a diagnostic radiology residency program.

Purpose Our study was designed to determine residents' opinions of the advantages, disadvantages and educational value of a traditional "Tandem Call" (TC) model as compared to night float (NF). Because TC is more representative of adult learning principles and constructivist theory, we hypothesized that resident satisfaction and educational outcomes would demonstrate a preference for, and the educational efficacy of, the TC model. Methods We surveyed all residents in a university-based radiology residency on their opinions of TC and its educational value. Aggregate data from annual Graduate Medical Education Committee institutional surveys (2008-2012) and annual radiology alumni surveys (2009-2012) were reviewed as measures of satisfaction with TC. Performance on the ABR oral exam was a proxy for educational outcome. Quality data for the year of study and prior years in which TC was in effect were reviewed as a measure of patient safety. Results The great majority of respondents attributed confidence/competence on call and added value to their education directly to TC. A majority believed that teamwork required for TC facilitated more positive relationships among residents and more peer teaching. Most said that they would not prefer NF. Almost all believed indirect supervision with attending backup aided in developing confidence in performance. Quality data confirmed a low number of discrepancies between preliminary resident and final attending reads. Conclusions TC provides a more consistent call experience throughout residency than NF. TC is valued by residents, facilitates retrieval-based learning and development of independence and efficiency, and parallels essential elements of team-based learning. Quality data suggests that lack of 24-hour attending supervision is not detrimental to patient safety.
Guided bone regeneration

Currently, the use of guided bone regeneration in the fields of oral and maxillofacial surgery, periodontics, and plastic and reconstructive surgery is a predictable and effective technique to prevent epithelial and connective tissue migration into an osseous defect. Osseous defects that develop either congenitally or traumatically, as a result of infection, or secondary to the surgical resection of a tumor, challenge the surgeon whose goal is to reconstruct the defect to its original anatomic and functional state. Significant amounts of research have focused on the evaluation of bone grafting materials and surgical techniques; however, the preservation of the grafted site or the promotion of new bone is addressed by the use of a barrier membrane.
On Global Well‐Posedness of the Lagrangian Averaged Euler Equations

We study the global well-posedness of the Lagrangian averaged Euler equations in three dimensions. We show that a necessary and sufficient condition for the global existence is that the bounded mean oscillation of the stream function is integrable in time. We also derive a sufficient condition in terms of the total variation of certain level set functions, which guarantees the global existence. Furthermore, we obtain the global existence of the averaged two-dimensional (2D) Boussinesq equations and the Lagrangian averaged 2D quasi-geostrophic equations in finite Sobolev space in the absence of viscosity or dissipation.
Near-threshold positron impact ionization of hydrogen

Abstract The hyperspherical hidden crossing method (HHCM) is used to investigate positron impact ionization of hydrogen near threshold. An important feature of this method is that it can provide valuable insight into scattering processes. In the calculation of positron–hydrogen ionization, the adiabatic Hamiltonian is expanded about the Wannier saddle point; anharmonic corrections are treated perturbatively. The S-wave results are consistent with the Wannier threshold law and with the extended threshold law that was previously derived using the HHCM. We have extended the previous HHCM calculation to higher angular momenta L and have calculated the absolute ionization cross-section for L = 0, 1 and 2. The HHCM calculation confirms that the S-wave ionization cross-section is small and provides the reason why it is small. The HHCM ionization cross-section (summed over the lowest partial waves) is compared with a convergent close-coupling calculation, a 33-state close-coupling calculation and experimental data.
Transforming Growth Factor β Inhibits Platelet Derived Growth Factor-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation via Akt-Independent, Smad-Mediated Cyclin D1 Downregulation

In adult tissue, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) exist in a differentiated phenotype, which is defined by the expression of contractile proteins and lack of proliferation. After vascular injury, VSMC adopt a synthetic phenotype associated with proliferation, migration and matrix secretion. The transition between phenotypes is a consequence of the extracellular environment, and in particular, is regulated by agonists such as the pro-differentiating cytokine transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and the pro-proliferative cytokine platelet derived growth factor (PDGF). In this study, we investigated the interplay between TGFβ and PDGF with respect to their ability to regulate VSMC proliferation. Stimulation of human aortic VSMC with TGFβ completely blocked proliferation induced by all isoforms of PDGF, as measured by DNA synthesis and total cell number. Mechanistically, PDGF-induced Cyclin D1 mRNA and protein expression was inhibited by TGFβ. TGFβ had no effect on PDGF activation of its receptor and ERK1/2, but inhibited Akt activation. However, constitutively active Akt did not reverse the inhibitory effect of TGFβ on Cyclin D1 expression even though inhibition of the proteasome blocked the effect of TGFβ. siRNA against Smad4 completely reversed the inhibitory effect of TGFβ on PDGF-induced Cyclin D1 expression and restored proliferation in response to PDGF. Moreover, siRNA against KLF5 prevented Cyclin D1 upregulation by PDGF and overexpression of KLF5 partially reversed TGFβ-induced inhibition of Cyclin D1 expression. Taken together, our results demonstrate that KLF5 is required for PDGF-induced Cyclin D1 expression, which is inhibited by TGFβ via a Smad dependent mechanism, resulting in arrest of VSMCs in the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
Abstract 3362: IL-6 promotes head and neck tumor metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the JAK-STAT3-SNAIL signaling pathway

Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011‐‐ Apr 2‐6, 2011; Orlando, FL Distant metastases in head and neck cancer patients almost invariably herald a poor prognosis. Five year survival rates for early stage localized head and neck cancers are over 80% but this drop to 40% where disease has spread to neck nodes, and to below 20% for patients with distant metastatic disease. Uncontrolled cell proliferation and angiogenesis are key characteristics of initiation and early growth of epithelial origin cancers. However, it is the subsequent acquisition of motility and invasiveness that leads to metastatic dissemination of these tumor cells. A key process in this metastatic cascade that converts an adherent epithelial cell into a migratory cell which can invade through the extracellular matrix is known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT plays a critical role in epithelial tumor cell metastasis and is commonly observed in tumor samples from head and neck cancer patients. However, the precise molecular events that initiate this complex process of EMT in head and neck cancers are poorly understood. There is increasing evidence that suggest an important role of tumor microenvironment in promoting EMT changes in tumor cells. We have previously shown that head and neck tumors exhibit significantly higher levels of Bcl-2 expression in tumor associated endothelial cells and overexpression of Bcl-2 alone in tumor-associated endothelial cells was sufficient to enhance tumor metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma in a SCID mouse model. In this study, we show that endothelial cells expressing Bcl-2 (EC-Bcl-2) when co-cultured with head and neck tumor cells significantly enhance EMT-related changes in tumor cells and this EC-Bcl-2-induced EMT in tumor cells is mediated predominantly by IL-6 secretion. Treatment with recombinant IL-6 or stable IL-6 overexpression in CAL27 cells or normal oral epithelial cells (NOE) significantly induced the expression of vimentin while repressing E-cadherin expression via the JAK/STAT3/Snail signaling pathway. This phenotype was further associated with enhanced tumor and NOE cell scattering and motility. STAT3 knock-down significantly reversed IL-6-mediated tumor and NOE cell motility by inhibiting FAK activation. Furthermore, tumor cells overexpressing IL-6 showed marked increase in lymph node and lung metastasis, in vivo. These results suggest a novel function for IL-6 in mediating head and neck tumor EMT and metastasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3362. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3362
Investigating the Effects of Desktop Computer Simulation Training on Situation Awareness (SA) and Adaptive Decision-Making Skills

The present study investigated the effects of desktop computer simulation training, called Simulation Field Exercise (SimFX), on situation awareness (SA) and adaptive decision making of small unit leaders. The effectiveness of a training protocol consisting of advance organizers (information to familiarize individuals in the areas of SA and key leader processes to facilitate decision making) and process-oriented feedback was assessed. Thirty-five Infantry Soldiers conducted three simulated mission scenarios as dismounted Infantry Platoon Leaders. Adaptive decision making and SA were measured for each scenario. The experimental group obtained significantly higher adaptive decision-making scores than the control group. SA and adaptive decision-making scores were significantly correlated for Scenarios 1 and 2, such that more adaptive responding was associated with higher SA ratings. The experimental group used significantly more assets (a measure of SA) than did the control group. Strategies for enhancing tr...
Analysis of Microbiome Data across Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients

The interaction and inter-play of microbes with human host cells is responsible for several disease conditions and of criticality to human health. In this study we analyze the microbial communities within the human gut and their roles in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). These microbial communities can be profiled using either Length Heterogeneity PCR (LH-PCR) or small subunit (SSU) rRNA sequences. Classification methods based on support vector machines (SVM) and k-nearest neighbor (KNN) were developed to differentiate between healthy controls and IBD patients at various intestinal locations using those profiles. The results show that there exist significant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) or microbial species that are differentially abundant between IBD and healthy control state at specific intestinal locations. Moreover, the classification performances of the sequence data outperform those of LH-PCR profiles and the lowest taxonomic level (Genus-Species) is more likely to have superior classification performances than the higher taxonomic levels.
Acute high dose exposure to benzene in shipyard workers

Fifteen degassers were acutely exposed over several days to high concentrations (> 60 ppm) of benzene during removal of residual fuel (degassing) from shipboard fuel tanks. Medical surveillance evaluation mandated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA) Benzene Standard initially revealed 11 workers (73%) reporting neurotoxic symptoms while degassing. Workers with more than 2 days (16 hours) of acute exposure were significantly more likely to report dizziness and nausea than those with 2 or fewer days of acute exposure. Repeated laboratory analyses performed over a 4-month period after the acute exposure revealed at least one hematologic abnormality consistent with benzene exposure in 9 (60%) of these degassers. One year later, 6 workers (40%) had persistent abnormalities; an additional worker with normal hematologic parameters at the time of our initial evaluation subsequently developed an abnormality consistent with benzene exposure. Numerous large granular lymphocytes were observed on 6 (40%) of the peripheral blood smears. Despite these laboratory findings, there were no significant associations between the presence of hematologic abnormalities and either the number of hours of acute benzene exposure or the duration of employment as a degasser. Volatilization of benzene from the residual fuel was the suspected source of benzene in the headspace of tanks. Confined space exposure to petroleum products may be exposing workers to benzene at levels above the OSHA Short-Term Exposure Limit (STEL). This situation warrants further study.
Image force effects on the short wavelength (UV) photoresponse of silicon Schottky barriers

Abstract An experimental study has been made of the short wavelength λ response of near-ideal silicon Schottky barrier photodetectors. It is shown that the major cause of reduced quantum efficiency (Q.E.) in this range of λ is the collection by the metal of majority carriers photogenerated within the image force maximum, in agreement with the theoretical predictions of Green. The bias-voltage dependence of the photocurrent in the near ultraviolet region is in good quantitative agreement with the image force model, with a Q.E. near unity for large reverse bias decreasing by approx. 15% at zero bias for λ = 0.37 μm, for example. The Q.E. under short-circuit conditions is relatively independent of λ for λ ≳ 0.45 μm, falling rapidly with decreasing λ from 95% at 0.45 μm to approx. 80% at 0.35 μm, again in good quantitative agreement with the above theory.
In-situ investigation of adsorbed surfactants and polymers on solids in solution

Abstract Adsorption of monomeric and polymeric organic compounds onto solids is crucial in regulating such processes as flotation, flocculation and stabilization of minerals as well as other solids. The microstructure of the adsorbed species is of prime concern in understanding the complexities of the resultant processes. In this paper, we summarize the results of our recent investigation on the alumina-sodium dodecyl sulfate system by specially developed techniques based on time-resolved resonance Raman, electron spin resonance and luminescence spectroscopies to supplement the results from measurements of bulk properties such as adsorption density, zeta potential and hydrophobicity. Evidence is presented to substantiate the reverse orientation model. Furthermore, the implications of pH dependent conformational changes of polyelectrolytes in solution and in the adsorbed state are brought forth from fluorescence studies with pyrene-tagged polymers, and a model for the polymer conformational features is presented supported by flocculation response measurements.
Surgical correction of the snapping iliopsoas tendon

Eighteen patients with 20 symptomatic hips underwent lengthening of the iliopsoas tendon for persistent painful snapping of this "internal" variety of snapping hip. We referred to the pathologic, painful snapping of the ilio psoas in the deep anterior groin as the "internal" snap ping hip. This is in contrast to the more common and better-known "external" snapping that involves the greater trochanter and its overlying soft tissues. The results of our iliopsoas lengthening procedure are pre sented here.Lengthening of the iliopsoas tendon was accom plished by step cutting of the tendinous portion of the iliopsoas. The pathoanatomy of this poorly understood symptom complex was described in a 1984 paper from this institution and is reviewed here.Iliopsoas bursography demonstrated a sudden jerk ing movement of the iliopsoas tendon between the anterior inferior iliac spine and iliopectineal eminence, synchronous with the patient's pain and often accom panied by an audible snap. The average preoperative duration...
Sensorimotor development in orang-utans and other primates

The development of sensorimotor behavior of orang-utans was studied during the first four years, and in adults. Piaget's model of cognitive development was used as a framework for analysis. It was found that orang-utans follow the same general developmental course as human infants. They complete all six stages of the Sensorimotor Intelligence Series in the same order as humans. The six stages also have the same basic organization as in humans, i.e. primary, secondary, and tertiary circular reactions. Two major differences were observed between apes and humans. The rates of development were different. Ape development was faster during the early stages and slower during the later stages. The last two stages, 5 and 6, were greatly protracted, and the sensorimotor period was not completed until ages five to eight years in the orang-utans, compared with two years in humans. The other difference was that while humans go through six stages of vocal sensorimotor development, apes show only the first stage.
The Issue of Time Evolution in Quantum Gravity

We discuss the relation between the concept of time and the dynamic structure of quantum gravity. We briefly review the problems of time associated with the standard procedures of gravity quantization. By explicitly utilizing York’s analysis of the geometrodynamic degrees of freedom, and imposing the constraints as expectation value equations, we describe a new procedure of gravity quantization. In particular, this “minimally constrained canonical” quantization procedure leads to a linear Schrodinger equation augmented by the super-Hamiltonian and supermomentum constraints imposed on expectation values. This approach supplies a description of time evolution in quantum geometrodynamics free from the standard problems of time associated with canonical approaches. Furthermore, the theory is applicable to the full theory of general relativity, without the need to impose symmetries or reduce dimensionality. Using this method we arrive at an analytic expression for the quantum evolution of the Kasner cosmology,...
Effect of hydrostatic pressure on the viscoelastic response of polyurea

Abstract Dielectric spectroscopy is used to measure the local segmental relaxation times for the soft segments of a polyurea as a function of temperature and pressure. In combination with the equation of state determined for the material, we show that the relaxation times are uniquely defined by the product of temperature times specific volume, with the latter raised to the power of 2.35 ± 0.10. This superpositioning of the relaxation times enables both the local segmental and the global chain dynamics to be calculated for any combination of temperature and pressure, using only measurements at ambient pressure. Since this polyurea finds applications as a coating to mitigate the damage from impact loading, its response to high frequencies and elevated hydrostatic pressure is of some import.
Brief report: Factors associated with depression among homeless and marginally housed HIV-infected men in San Francisco

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of and factors associated with depression among HIV-infected homeless and marginally housed men.
Molecular dynamics simulations of surfactants at the silica-water interface: anionic vs nonionic headgroups.

Abstract Understanding surfactant adsorption on surfaces at the molecular level will provide us with the ability to design specific surfactants for surface modification. We conducted molecular dynamics simulations for sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and hexaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C 12 E 6 ) adsorbed on silica substrates with varying degree of hydroxylation. Our results shed light on the effects of hydroxylation on the surfactant aggregate morphology. The discrete charge distribution on the substrate surface appears to dictate both surfactant adsorption and aggregate morphology. The differences in aggregate morphology observed for anionic SDS and non-ionic C 12 E 6 on silica substrates are discussed quantitatively and compared to available experimental data.
Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Vertical Load on the Capacity of Wood Shear Walls

A series of 10 tests were conducted to determine the effect of a vertical load on the lateral load capacity of wood frame shear walls. Static tests were performed on 2.4 m-by-2.4 m wood walls, for varying vertical load. Tests were conducted with and without hold-down anchors. Specimens were subjected to three half cycles of lateral loading, the final being to failure. The presence of vertical load on a wood frame shear wall was found to have a significant effect on the lateral load capacity of the wall. The ultimate load capacities of walls with hold-down anchors increased by 20 and 28% for walls with a vertical load of 12 and 25 kN/m, respectively, as compared to the wall without vertical load. The vertical load was also found to have significant effect on the lateral stiffness of the wall. Results also show that hold-down anchors do not add significantly to the strength of the wall when a vertical load equal to the maximum allowable is present. Finally, the results presented suggest that current code specified allowable shear forces are conservative when a vertical load is present; the wall has additional reserve capacity than is reflected by current code specified allowable shears.
Rapid separation of cobyrinic acid and its biosynthetic precursors by ion-exchange paper chromatography

Cobyrinic acid, a key intermediate in vitamin B12 biosynthesis, can be rapidly separated from δ-aminolevulinic acid, S-adenosylmethionine, uroporphyrin III, and heptacar☐ylic uroporphyrin III by car☐ymethyl cellulose paper chromatography developed with 2% acetic acid.
Note Concerning the Influence of Rotation on Convection

My purpose in writing this note is not to present a model of an actual convective process, but instead to work with a articularly simple hypothetical scheme with the intent of illustrating the action of one single factor, namely, rotation. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1959.tb00042.x
Monoamine Transporter Structure, Function, Dynamics, and Drug Discovery: A Computational Perspective

With the breakthrough crystallization of the bacterial leucine transporter protein LeuT, the first available X-ray structure for the neurotransmitter/sodium symporter family, development of 3-D computational models is suddenly essential for structure–function studies on the plasmalemmal monoamine transporters (MATs). LeuT-based MAT models have been used to guide elucidation of substrate and inhibitor binding pockets, and molecular dynamics simulations using these models are providing insight into conformations involved in the substrate translocation cycle. With credible MAT models finally in hand, structure-based virtual screening for novel ligands is yielding lead compounds toward the development of new medications for psychostimulant dependence, attention deficit hyperactivity, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and other disorders associated with dopamine, norepinephrine, or serotonin dysregulation.
Aesthetics: A Comparison of the State of the Art Outside and Inside the Field of Textiles and Clothing Part Two: Object:

This is the second of three papers in which we review aesthetics literature published from 1970 to 1992, found outside and inside the field of textiles and clothing. In this paper we review Object literature, including perception and preference of formal, expressive, and referential aspects of the object and its functions. For this paper, the literature external to the field of textiles and clothing came in large part from books and journal articles of the fields of anthropology, marketing, and psychology. We limited our review of textiles and clothing literature to articles found in Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, Dress, Home Economics Research Journal, Journal of Consumer Studies and Home Economics, and Textiles Research Journal. Much research within textiles and clothing has focused upon the visual and tactile qualities of the object that lead to preference of the fonn. Suggestions for future studies are given. Future studies of visual qualities should conceptualize the problem of pleasingness ...
A feasibility study: Home-telemonitoring for rural lung cancer patients

Home-telemonitoring benefits for patients with lung cancer are unknown. We used a Honeywell system ( GenesisDM© ) to study WVU hospital patients with Time-1 data collected after consent in-hospital. T2 data began in-home monitoring for a feasibility group. At 14 days, research RNs collected T3 data at home & retrieved monitors/surveys. Demographic/disease profiles, vital signs, weight, oxygen saturation, & symptom data were studied. Telemonitors captured changes. T1 symptoms included pain, fatigue, coughing, & limited activities. Fatigue/limited activity persisted & pain/coughing decreased; poor appetite & nausea/ vomiting increased by T3. Activity limited patients also had >2 symptoms after discharge & lower functional status/Quality of Life (PFSS-11:M=3.36 at discharge vs. 2.73 at 14-days; WHO-5:M=2.08 at discharge vs. 1.8 at 14-days; p>.05). Landline phones easily transmitted data; others had monitors with built-in modems (T-Mobile©). Pt/family telemonitor satisfaction was high. Usual care was not satisfactory; comparison group retention was a problem. Other challenges related to patients’ families & rural environments; the feasibility study will support a more efficient larger study. Telemonitors can be used to provide real-time data to educate rural patients to develop self-management skills in living with lung cancer.