cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Some cationic chelate complexes of Ti(IV)

Abstract Some cationic complexes of the type [(C 5 H 5 ) 2 TiC 6 H 9 O 3 ] X ( I ; C 6 H 9 O 3 = conjugate base of ethyl 3-ketobutyrate) have been prepared. Their i.r. and NMR spectra indicate that the chelated ligand is bonded to the metal in the normal manner. Compounds (I) readily undergo hydrolysis and methanolysis and some products have been isolated and identified. The behaviour of the new compounds [C 5 H 5 Ti(C 5 H 7 O 2 ) 2 ]ClO 4 (II, C 5 H 7 O 2 = conjugate base of pentane-2,4-dione) and [C 5 H 5 Ti- (C 6 H 9 O 3 ) 2 ]ClO 4 (III) towards methanol is also reported.
Chaos on Io: A model for formation of mountain blocks by crustal heating, melting, and tilting

Mountains are distributed across the surface of Io, the fiercely tidally heated moon of Jupiter. The large crustal thicknesses implied by their great heights can be reconciled with Io's high heat flow, if most of the heat escapes directly via volcanic eruptions (the heat-pipe model), but the origin of the mountains has remained obscure. Recent images show that many of Io's mountains are tilted blocks undergoing tectonic collapse, and we propose here that the volcanic heat-pipe (and continuous terrain burial) model naturally leads to such unstable topography. That is, burial (1) generates horizontal tensile stresses as the volcanic crustal stack is loaded, (2) creates large horizontal compressive confining stresses as Io's crust subsides (moves to a smaller effective radius), and importantly, (3) allows for potentially large horizontal compressive thermal stresses as the base of the crust reheats owing to fluctuations in the efficiency of the volcanic heat piping. Faulting associated with these stresses may raise mountain scarps directly or in concert with thermal uplift due to the crustal reheating; continued crustal heating and melting then lead to mountain collapse (all over <1 m.y. to a few million years). Our model predicts that regions of active mountain formation and volcanic activity on Io should be anticorrelated, which is observed. Moreover, substantial tidal heating and disruption of planetary crust are seen elsewhere in the Jupiter system, in the chaos terrains of Europa. There may be stronger commonalities between the two inner jovian moons (and early Earth) than previously realized.
Exploiting query history for document ranking in interactive information retrieval

In this poster,we incorporate user query history, as context information, to improve the retrieval performance in interactive retrieval. Experiments using the TREC data show that incorporating such context information indeed consistently improves the retrieval performance in both average precision and precision at 20 documents.
Mollie Tucker's kitchen

The kitchen at Castle Tucker, as Mollie and her family called their beloved home in Wiscasset, Maine, was more than just a place for the performance of ordinary housework. Through voluminous correspondence in which food plays a prominent role, the uses and meanings of Mollie Tucker's kitchen unfold. Between 1859 and 1921, it served as a locus for hired help, a crossroads in a local, face-to-face economy, a social center that housed communal food projects and festive gatherings, a workshop for the production of status and the maintenance of community membership, a medium of familial conflict and connection, a vital source of creative livelihood, a vehicle of modernity, a means of idealistic self-sufficiency, and a setting for the production of historical and regional identity. A cosmopolitan space underscored the Tuckers’ upper class sensibility to an enslaving boarding-house galley. The uses and perceptions of Mollie Tucker's kitchen changed over the course of her lifetime in light of the family's shifting circumstances.
In search of the true sentinel node by different injection techniques in breast cancer patients.

Abstract To evaluate two different injection techniques (peri-tumourally and intradermally) used in search for the sentinel node(s) in patients with breast cancer. Methods: Ninety-nine patients were peri-tumourally injected with 2 ml 60 MBq 99m-Tc-Nanocoll and underwent lymphoscintigraphy about 18 h later to detect focal accumulations. Next, they were injected intradermally with 0.2 ml 15 MBq 99m-Tc-Nanocoll either in the skin overlying the tumour or para-areolarly in the quadrant of the tumour. Dynamic and static images were taken to visualize the (intradermal) lymphatic spread and accumulations. Special attention was paid to match or mismatch of hot spots visualized by both techniques. Results: Ninety-four patients had positive peri-tumoural and/or intradermal accumulations which could be compared. In 30 patients only peri-tumoural, and in nine only intradermal, identification was successful. Of the remaining 55 patients, in 52 there was complete concordance of the axillary hot spots. However, there was a so-called «regional mismatch» in nine of these patients concerning the internal mammary nodes. In the three remaining patients there was a sequential mismatch in the axilla: before draining lymph to the peri-tumourally visualized hot spot, an interposed node was encountered first after the intradermal injection technique. Conclusions: Intradermal injection is complementary to peri-tumoural injection for visualization of focal accumulations in patients with breast cancer. The two different injection techniques have a small number of sequential mismatches for hot spots in the axillary region. This means that it may be unclear which separate route leads to the true sentinel node. Internal mammary nodes visualized after peri-tumoural injection are not visualized by the intradermal technique. Para-areolar intradermal injection of Nanocoll for detection of sentinel nodes in patients with breast cancer needs further evaluation, because it seems to be a more practical procedure.
Increased Urinary Pressor Activity (Aortic Strip Assay) in Tolbutamide-Treated Diabetes.∗†

Summary and conclusions1. In ambulatory patients with suspected or proved but untreated endocrinopathies including newly-diagnosed but untreated diabetes mellitus urinary pressor activity as measured by an aortic strip assay is about one-half again as great as that recorded in comparable age controls. 2. Therapy of diabetes mellitus with either insulin or tolbutamide is associated with increased urinary pressor activity which is some two-fold higher than that observed in control subjects. 3. Neither age nor the presence or absence of obesity appeared to be related to the level of pressor activity in the urine in any of the groups studied.
ACTH AND ADRENAL STEROID REPONSE TO CORTICOTRCPIN RELEASING FACTOR (CRF) STIMULATION IN PATIENTS WITH A GENETIC DEFECT IN ADRENAL STEROIDOGENESIS

ACTH AND ADRENAL STEROID REPONSE TO CORTICOTRCPIN RELEASING FACTOR (CRF) STIMULATION IN PATIENTS WITH A GENETIC DEFECT IN ADRENAL STEROIDOGENESIS
Resolution of spinal epidural vascular pseudotumor following balloon occlusion of a postoperative vertebral arteriovenous fistula

We describe a case of a vascular mass arising secondary to a postoperative vertebral arteriovenous fistula mimicking recurrent cervical neurofibroma on CT in a patient with neurofibromatosis. Angiography was required for diagnosis. The “recurrent tumor” resolved following balloon embolization of the fistula.
An investigation by interactive electron backscatter pattern analysis of processing and superplasticity in an aluminum-magnesium alloy

Tensile specimens from an Al-lOMg-0.lZr alloy, thermomechanically processed (TMP) according to two different schedules and deformed superplastically at 300 °C, were examined using electron backscatter pattern (EBSP) imaging in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) with computer-aided analysis. The TMP schedules differed only in the duration of the interpass anneal (IPA) time between successive rolling passes. Microtexture, grain misorientation angle distribution, and grain boundary character were analyzed for both undeformed grip and deformed gage sections of these tensile specimens. Microtexture analysis revealed the same texture components, primarily brass and S, in the undeformed grip sections of both TMP materials, while analysis of deformed gage sections revealed only a decrease in texture with no new components evident. Material processed with a prolonged IPA time exhibited highly superplastic response and contained a high proportion of boundaries of 5 to 15 deg misorientation. Material processed with a short IPA time exhibited lower superplastic elongations and contained higher-order twin boundaries, suggesting that the twin chain mechanism is active during TMP. The observed difference in tensile behavior appears to be the result of extended recovery during TMP of the more ductile material evidenced by the development of a greater proportion of boundaries of 5 to 15 deg misorientation.
Theory of diffraction effects in spatial frequency-modulated imaging

An analytic theory describing the effects of diffraction and aberrations on single-pixel imaging performed by temporally modulating illumination light is presented. This method encodes spatial information using sinusoidal temporal modulations that are chirped in frequency across the extent of an illumination line focus. With some approximations, a point spread function relationship as a function of defocus or other aberrations is found for both spatially coherent and incoherent cases. The theory is validated through experiments and simulations, including measurement of the transverse and longitudinal optical transfer function, and confirmation of insensitivity to aberrations and significant optical scattering after encoding of spatial information through temporal modulation.
Preschoolers' speed of locating a target symbol under different color conditions

A pressing decision in AAC concerns the organization of aided visual symbols. One recent proposal suggested that basic principles of visual processing may be important determinants of how easily a symbol is found in an array, and that this, in turn will influence more functional outcomes like symbol identification or use. This study examined the role of color on accuracy and speed of symbol location by 16 preschool children without disabilities. Participants searched for a target stimulus in an array of eight stimuli. In the same-color condition, the eight stimuli were all red; in the guided search condition, four of the stimuli were red and four were yellow; in the unique-color condition, all stimuli were unique colors. Accuracy was higher and reaction time was faster when stimuli were unique colors than when they were all one color. Reaction time and accuracy did not differ under the guided search and the color-unique conditions. The implications for AAC are discussed.
Cytogenetic Studies of the Screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae), from Chiapas, Mexico

Native screwworms, Cochliomyia hominivorax, in Chiapas, southwestern Mexico, had polymorphic chromosome variation characteristic of a single interbreeding population rather than of highly reproductively isolated gamodemes. Most of the variation found was in the sex chromosomes (eight X types and seven Y types). A strong deficiency of chromosomal heterozygotes in samples taken before the release of sterile flies indicated that populations of screwworms in the study area probably were mating nonrandomly. This was judged by the differential rates of frequency change observed for several chromosome types when comparing two sterile-fly-treated areas with the untreated area. Preliminary evidence suggests that both a sterile strain derived from a single native female and a broader-based strain derived from multiple native females may have had some positive assortative mating tendencies when mating with native flies.
Covert aversion of two interrelated deviant sexual practices: Obscence phone calling and exhibitionism. A single case analysis

The interrelationship among three distinct sexual behavior and arousal patterns (obscene phone calling, exhibitionism, and heterosexual arousal) were studied in an adult male. A multiple baseline design was used to evaluate the effects of covert sensitization on the two deviant patterns. Physiological and self-report of arousal to all three classes of sexual stimuli were taken throughout treatment, after discharge, and at 10-month follow-up. Results indicated that covert sensitization for obscene phone calling partially diminished arousal to the exhibitionistic stimuli, as well. When both deviant behaviors were treated, rapid and stable reductions in both physiological and self-report measures of deviant arousal were obtained, while arousal to heterosexual stimuli remained relatively high and essentially unchanged. Treatment gains were sustained during a 10-month follow-up period during which collateral reports revealed no other evidence of relapse. Additional findings included heart rate-penile tumescence changes consistent with an autonomic conditioning component model of covert sensitization.
A broadband microstrip reflectarray using sub-wavelength patch elements

The concept of using sub-wavelength elements in reflectarray antenna designs has been investigated both numerically and experimentally. Two Ka-band reflectarrays have been designed, fabricated and tested for the operational frequency of 32 GHz. One array uses the conventional λ/2 element spacing and the other one is designed with λ/3 element spacing. It is shown that the reflectarray antenna with λ/3 element spacing achieves a larger gain bandwidth and a better overall antenna performance.
Data Loss Modeling and Analysis in Partially-Covered Delay-Tolerant Networks

We characterize some fundamental performance limits of partially covered, intermittently connected, delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) that are comprised of a hybrid mix of mobile and static nodes (i.e., access points). Specifically, we derive theoretic bounds on the expected hitting time between two consecutive visits of a mobile node to access points for both the square and hexagonal access point deployment structures. For each of these two models, we use the Poisson Clumping technique to derive theoretic bounds on the data loss rate, under the assumption that a mobile node has a finite buffer that overflows after a certain amount of time. Based of these obtained results, we provide asymptotic analysis of the expected hitting time in these partially covered DTNs. We test the applicability of the Poisson Clumping technique, and our hitting time results, with simulations.
Lucifer Dyes as Biological Tracers : A Review

Lucifer dyes are sulfonated 4-aminonaphthalimides. Most have a strong yellow fluorescence in agueous solution. This and other properties make them useful as biological tracers. We briefly review here the synthesis of some Lucifer dyes, as well as their chemical and biological properties. Some points we present here have been discussed in detail elsewhere (1–3).
Campus Corps Therapeutic Mentoring: Making a Difference for Mentors.

College student mentors are increasingly mentoring at-risk youth, yet little is known about the benefits that college students derive from their experience mentoring within the context of a service-learning course. This qualitative study used focus groups to examine college students’ experiences as participants in a unique program, Campus Corps: Therapeutic Mentoring of At-Risk Youth. This course-based, service-learning program utilizes college student mentors to mentor at-risk youth within a family systems framework. In 19 focus groups conducted with 141 college student participants, the student mentors indicated that they experienced significant personal growth and profes sional development through their participation in the program and that the program positively influenced their civic attitudes and their orientation toward civic engagement. This article provides a review of related research, describes the program, explores the findings of the focus groups, and discusses implica tions for college service-learning programs.
Ultra-high Q long-path As 2 S 3 ring resonator on LiNbO 3

A vertically integrated As 2 S 3 ring resonator side-coupled to Ti:LiNbO 3 waveguide was designed and fabricated. We have demonstrated an ultra-high Q value of 3.5×105 and low propagation loss of 1.2 dB/cm over a 1.7 cm race-track ring resonator.
Quantitative Analyses of Bifunctional Molecules

Small molecules can be discovered or engineered to bind tightly to biologically relevant proteins, and these molecules have proven to be powerful tools for both basic research and therapeutic applications. In many cases, detailed biophysical analyses of the intermolecular binding events are essential for improving the activity of the small molecules. These interactions can often be characterized as straightforward bimolecular binding events, and a variety of experimental and analytical techniques have been developed and refined to facilitate these analyses. Several investigators have recently synthesized heterodimeric molecules that are designed to bind simultaneously with two different proteins to form ternary complexes. These heterodimeric molecules often display compelling biological activity; however, they are difficult to characterize. The bimolecular interaction between one protein and the heterodimeric ligand (primary dissociation constant) can be determined by a number of methods. However, the interaction between that protein-ligand complex and the second protein (secondary dissociation constant) is more difficult to measure due to the noncovalent nature of the original protein-ligand complex. Consequently, these heterodimeric compounds are often characterized in terms of their activity, which is an experimentally dependent metric. We have developed a general quantitative mathematical model that can be used to measure both the primary (protein + ligand) and secondary (protein-ligand + protein) dissociation constants for heterodimeric small molecules. These values are largely independent of the experimental technique used and furthermore provide a direct measure of the thermodynamic stability of the ternary complexes that are formed. Fluorescence polarization and this model were used to characterize the heterodimeric molecule, SLFpYEEI, which binds to both FKBP12 and the Fyn SH2 domain, demonstrating that the model is useful for both predictive as well as ex post facto analytical applications.
Teacher Attrition and Retention: A Meta-Analytic and Narrative Review of the Research:

This comprehensive meta-analysis on teacher career trajectories, consisting of 34 studies of 63 attrition moderators, seeks to understand why teaching attrition occurs, or what factors moderate attrition outcomes. Personal characteristics of teachers are important predictors of turnover. Attributes of teachers’ schools, including organizational characteristics, student body composition, and resources (instructional spending and teacher salaries), are also key moderators. The evidence suggests that attrition from teaching is (a) not necessarily “healthy” turnover, (b) influenced by various personal and professional factors that change across teachers’ career paths, (c) more strongly moderated by characteristics of teachers’ work conditions than previously noted in the literature, and (d) a problem that can be addressed through policies and initiatives. Though researchers have utilized a number of national and state databases and have applied economic labor theory to questions related to teacher attrition, ...
Chymase: the other ACE?

the therapeutic use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors has been an integral part of the standard of care for hypertension and related diseases for decades. While the beneficial effects of these drugs are universally appreciated, there are a variety of physiological anomalies that
Effects of xylanase supplementation of corn-soybean meal-dried distiller's grain diets on performance, metabolizable energy, and body composition when fed to first-cycle laying hens

SUMMARY The increased cost of energy for laying hen diets has resulted in the use of enzymes, such as xylanase, to increase energy digestibility and thereby reduce the need for dietary energy. A 24-wk-long experiment was conducted using 432 twenty-week-old Hy-line W36 first-cycle laying hens to determine the effects of energy concentrations and xylanase supplementation (Hostazym X 100) on hen performance, ME, and body composition. Three concentrations of dietary energy were fed with and without xylanase supplementation in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Diets were reformulated twice over the experiment (wk 30 and 40) due to increased feed intake or changes in egg production. Dietary energy main effect treatments included a control (C), C − 77 kcal/kg, and C − 154 kcal/kg diets. Egg production, feed intake, BW, egg weight, egg mass, and FE data were collected during the experiment. Nitrogen-corrected AME was determined at 32 and 44 wk of age, and featherless body composition (crude fat, CP, and ash) was determined at 44 wk of age. Hen-day egg production was increased in hens fed dietary xylanase during wk 31 to 40 and 20 to 44. Feed intake was increased with reduced dietary energy during all periods evaluated. Egg mass and FE were improved with xylanase supplementation during wk 31 to 40 and 20 to 44. Hen BW was not different among treatments and egg weight was only significantly different at select time periods with no consistent responses over time. Main effects at hen wk 32 showed that reduced energy resulted in reduced AMEn and xylanase increased AMEn. In contrast, xylanase treatment resulted in reduced AMEn when measured at the end of wk 44. overall, supplementation of xylanse to laying hens increased egg production, egg mass, and FE, although AMEn results were inconsistent and body composition data were dependent on dietary energy.
Comparison of gait of young women and elderly women.

The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the free-speed gait characteristics of healthy young men with those of healthy elderly men. Data collection consisted of high-speed cinematography resulting in synchronized front and side views of 24 healthy male volunteers, 12 between 20 and 32 years of age and 12 between 60 and 74 years of age. Young men were recruited to match the elderly men on the basis of right-leg length. Each subject participated in three filmed trials of free-speed ambulation down a 14-m walkway. The processed film was analyzed for eight gait characteristics. Differences in characteristics between the two groups were examined using a correlated t test (p less than .01). No significant differences were observed between the groups for step and stride length, velocity, ankle range of motion, vertical and horizontal excursions of the center of gravity, and pelvic obliquity; however, the younger men demonstrated a significantly larger stride width than the elderly men (p less than .01). The results suggest that the two populations of healthy adult men have similar gait characteristics.
Defensive strategies for the institutional dentist.

This paper was originally presented at the Third Annual National Conference on Special Care Issues in Dentistry, April 12–14,1991, at the American Dental Association Headquarters, Chicago. Summary The practice of dentistry in the institutional setting differs from the private practice of dentistry in several ways. These dissimilarities can cause the “institutional dentist” to be vulnerable to criticism by state dental boards, human rights advocacy groups, and regulatory agencies. Effective strategies have been developed for reducing the professional vulnerability of the dentist who provides oral health care in the institutional environment. This paper presents several workable solutions to the problems faced by the institutional dentist.
Technical Note-An Integer Maximization Problem

This note solves the following problem: For vi > 0 and 0 <d < 1, maximize Vm1, ', mn = âi=1i=nvi1-dmi with respect to m1, ', mn, subject to the conditions that the mi are nonnegative integers and âi=1i=nmi = M an integer. The solution is obtained by a simple rounding procedure applied to the well known solution of the corresponding continuous problem.
The Great American Schism: Divergence of Marine Organisms After the Rise of the Central American Isthmus

After a 12-million-year (My) process, the Central American Isthmus was completed 2.8 My ago. Its emergence affected current flow, salinity, temperature, and primary productivity of the Pacific and the Atlantic and launched marine organisms of the two oceans into independent evolutionary trajectories. Those that did not go extinct have diverged. As no vicariant event is better dated than the isthmus, molecular divergence between species pairs on its two coasts is of interest. A total of 38 regions of DNA have been sequenced in 9 clades of echinoids, 38 of crustaceans, 42 of fishes, and 26 of molluscs with amphi-isthmian subclades. Of these, 34 are likely to have been separated at the final stages of Isthmus completion, 73 split earlier and 8 maintained post-closure genetic contact. Reproductive isolation has developed between several isolates, but is complete in only the sea urchin Diadema. Adaptive divergence can be seen in life history parameters. Lower primary productivity in the Caribbean has led to th...
Improving feeding practices: current patterns, common constraints, and the design of interventions.

We propose a set of “best-practice complementary feeding behaviors” which were derived by combining principles of psychosocial care with current knowledge in nutritional sciences. We provide a theoretical rationale for assessing and describing complementary feeding practices in terms of what is fed how food is prepared and given who feeds the child when food is fed (frequency and scheduling) and the feeding environment (where). We also discuss the significance of selected sociocultural determinants of these practices for the design of interventions. We then review 18 case studies in relation to these practices and their determinants. The exercise in which we abstracted data from ethnographic reports revealed areas of congruence and deviations from best-practice behaviors. The data on feeding practices are described with a common framework to facilitate comparison across sites. Key themes emerging from the studies include the significance of the larger family the effects of competing maternal time demands and the importance of parental perceptions and cultural constructs in affecting complementary feeding practices. Finally we discuss the implications of the findings for future interventions. (authors)
IL-15 is an inflammatory mediator in the tumor microenvironment

Meeting abstracts Previous studies have shown that activation of the Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) pathway is important for regulating type I Interferons (IFN) in tumors. Furthermore, tumor DNA induces IL-15 and IL-15Rα mRNA in cultured dendritic cells (DC) in a STING-dependent manner.
Clinical evaluation of tulobuterol aerosol in childhood asthma.

An open clinical trial was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of 400 J..lg tulobuterol aerosol given four times daily in childhood bronchial asthma. A total of 54 children were enrolled with bronchial asthma shown to be reversible by an increase of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)of more than 15% following 200 J..lg of salbutamol. Tulobuterol was administered for 3 weeks and regular use of salbuta­ mol was continued for 12 patients during the 7-day lead-in period and six patients took theophylline throughout the study; other drugs were discontinued. The mean FEVl' mean adjusted FEVl' mean peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and mean forced vital capacity (FVC) were significantly increased (P < 0.001) following treatment. Mean FEV 1 increases ranged from 9.2% to 14.0%, with 24.5 - 43.4% of patients showing clinically significant increases of at least 15%. Glo­ bally, there was improvement in 46 patients (85%). Headache and nervous system complaints were the most common side-effects. Al­ though this was an uncontrolled study, the indications are that tulobu­ terol aerosol is effective and safe for use in children with asthma.
Identifying representative drug resistant mutants of HIV

Drug resistance is one of the most important causes for failure of anti-AIDS treatment. During therapy, multiple mutations accumulate in the HIV genome, eventually rendering the drugs ineffective in blocking replication of the mutant virus. The huge number of possible mutants precludes experimental analysis to explore the molecular mechanisms of resistance and develop improved antiviral drugs. In order to solve this problem, we have developed a new algorithm to reveal the most representative mutants from the whole drug resistant mutant database based on our newly proposed unified protein sequence and 3D structure encoding method. Mean shift clustering and multiple regression analysis were applied on genotype-resistance data for mutants of HIV protease and reverse transcriptase. This approach successfully chooses less than 100 mutants with the highest resistance to each drug out of about 10K in the whole database. When considering high level resistance to multiple drugs, the numbers reduce to one or two representative mutants. This approach for predicting the most representative mutants for each drug has major importance for experimental verification since the results provide a small number of representative sequences, which will be amenable for in vitro testing and characterization of the expressed mutant proteins.
Introduction to System Dynamics

System Dynamics is the study of the change of the power variables within an energetic system. As a system interacts with a power source, energy flows across the system boundary, between storage modes within the system, and is dissipated as heat by friction, electrical resistance, or magnetic hysteresis. Modeling energetic systems as circuit-like networks simplifies the accounting of power flows in the system. Creation of a mathematical model of an energetic system represented as a network is straightforward elimination by substitution, guided by a drawing of the network, once a complete set of mathematical statements of the physical truths of network-like system has been written.
Boundary Value Models

In this chapter we generalize the results of Chapters 2 and 3 to discrete two-point boundary value models. As before, we derive equations for the estimate and the error by using a complementary model. The resulting equations again form a boundary value system, but the boundary conditions are more complicated than before, entailing a more complex solution procedure. In this case, the backward-forward smoother is the most efficient one in all situations, and is thus the only one presented.
When the Zombies Came for Our Children: Exploring Posthumanism in Robert Kirkman's The Walking Dead

Through the theoretical lens of cultural posthumanism, this essay offers a reading of writer Robert Kirkman’s The Walking Dead comics series (2003 ongoing). By referring to specific passages of Kirkman’s script, this essay explores The Walking Dead ’s psychologization of childhood as its narrative moves away from a satirical construction of the zombie apocalypse into the inquiry of contemporary (in)humanity.
Current transport across grain boundaries in superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 films

Superconducting transport properties of YBa2Cu3O7 grain boundaries have been investigated. The results of these experiments are summarized.
Ultrasonic transmission from fiber optic generators on steel plate

Fiber optic acoustic generators have generated a lot of interest due to its great potential in many applications including nondestructive tests. This paper reports four acoustic generation configurations. All the configurations are based on gold nanoparticles/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites. Since gold nanoparticles have high absorption efficiency to optical energy and PDMS has a high coefficient of thermal expansion, the composites can transfer optical energy to ultrasonic waves with high conversion efficiency. The strength and bandwidth of ultrasonic waves generated by the composites can be changed by different designs and structures of the composites. This paper explores the relation between the structure of fiber optic acoustic generators and the profile of generated ultrasonic waves. Experimental results also demonstrated that four ultrasonic generation configurations have similar features of ultrasonic transmission on a steel plate, which is important for future choices of ultrasonic receivers.
Analysis on the Monitoring Situation of Measles Antibody Levels Among Normal Population in National Measles Surveillance Points in Wujin District, Changzhou

Objective To investigate the monitoring situation of measles antibody levels of normal population in national measles surveillance pointsin Changzhou from 2009 to 2012 so as to provide evidence foridentifying persons susceptible to measles and formulating immunization strategies. Methods We collected 1,612 serum samples from 8 age groups in Wujin District,Changzhou City. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of measles immunoglobulin G(IgG)antibodies. Results The positive rate of measles IgG antibody was 89.33%, and the geometric mean concentration(GMC)was1,617.37 mIU/ml. Pairwise comparison showed that there were statistically significant differences in GMC among the four years. The positive rates of measles IgG antibody in different age groups were 49.50%-99.01%, and the difference was statistically significant(χ 2= 429.82, P 0.001). GMCs of different age groups were 697.07-1,432.76 mIU/ml, and the difference was statistically significant(F= 7.998, P 0.001). Conclusions It is necessary to constantly strengthen the management of immunization program and implement supplementary immunization among the susceptible persons based on measles epidemic.
Social action art therapy as an intervention for compassion fatigue

Abstract This study evaluated the effectiveness of a social action art therapy session to address symptoms of stress and compassion fatigue in counsellors working in domestic violence (DV) and sexual assault (SA) services. Participants were adult women (N = 30) who work with client survivors of DV and SA. Participants participated in three groups based on their workplace, and were asked to create art for a group peace pole. The peace pole has currency within the DV support community as a symbol of hope and safety. After creating individual artworks, each member glued their canvas squares onto the peace pole to create a unified group piece of art. The Compassion Fatigue Self-Test was used as a measure of compassion fatigue, and the Psychological Stress Measure 9 provided information regarding pre and post measures of symptomology changes. The results supported the hypothesis that participation in a social action art therapy based session could significantly reduce stress.
International Students Immigrating to the Title IX Environment: A Qualitative Cultural Analysis of Community College International Students

International students bring their respective cultures and expectations to the USA; these expectations include their social constructs regarding relationships and the treatment of women. International Business Times reported alarming percentages of rape in several foreign countries. In South Africa, 28–37 % of adult men reportedly committed rape (Iaccino 2014). Sweden reported the highest European rape percentage with 63 rape cases per 100,000. In turn, a third of Swedish women endure sexual assault before their 20th birthday. Caribbean countries reported comparable data with approximately 48 % of adolescent girls facing sexual assault (Iaccino 2014). In regard to Asian countries, the United Nations revealed that 10 % of Asian Pacific men reported forced sex with a non-partner and 24 % reported forced sex with a partner. In Papua New Guinea, 59 % of men reported raping sexual partners (Fossett 2013). While these statistics may startle the American reader, these incidents are an unfortunate social norm for many global citizens.
Pharmacy: Profession of hope

This evening we honor the legacy of Harvey A. K. Whitney, who lived and practiced pharmacy as a profession of hope. He valued pharmacy as a special calling requiring knowledge and intense academic preparation. With compassion and commitment, he delivered sustainable, high-impact services with an
Abstract 2854: CRISPR knockout of HuR in pancreatic cancer cells causes a xenograft lethal phenotype

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is the most prevalent type of pancreatic cancer and will soon become the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in the U.S. Studies show that the nuclear localized mRNA-binding protein HuR (ELAVL1) is activated in PDA cells, with cytoplasmic translocation associated with increased tumor size and poor prognosis. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies have established HuR9s role as a PDA cell survival mechanism. Thus, we explored the phenotypic effect of completely eliminating HuR expression from PDA cells through the use of clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 technology to target and disrupt the HuR genomic sequence. Since INDELs are induced randomly, we designed 3 gRNAs to target HuR at different loci. Gene disruption was determined via sequencing and validated through protein and mRNA expression, where homozygous knockouts (HuR −/− ) had undetectable HuR expression as compared to wild-type (HuR +/+ ), heterozygotes (HuR +/− ), and CRISPR/Cas9 negative control. Sanger sequencing confirmed homozygous knockouts with a frame shift mutation on both alleles. When HuR knockout cells were exposed to chemotherapeutic stress including mitomycin C, oxaliplatin, and gemcitabine, no HuR expression (nuclear or cytoplasmic) was detected via immunofluorescence. Phenotypically, HuR −/− cells resulted in increased apoptosis and necrosis as measured via trypan blue assay, and accordingly, had increased caspase 3 activity, a marker of a cell death. HuR −/− cells, when treated with mitomycin C, oxaliplatin, gemcitabine, and glucose deprivation exhibited decreased long and short-term cell survival as compared to control cells. HuR −/− cells, pulse-labeled with bromodeoxyurdine (BrdU), had a higher proportion of cells in S phase and fewer cells in G2/M phase. HuR deletion enhanced premature mitotic entry thereby preventing efficient repair of DNA damage, leading to cell death. Importantly, CRISPR knockout of HuR showed marked impairment in tumor growth in mouse xenografts. The differences in median tumor volume with HuR −/- xenografts was significant as compared to xenografts in mice with HuR (+/+) cells (0.0 mm 3 vs 378.0 mm 3 , P Citation Format: Edwin Cheung, Shruti Lal, Mahsa Zarei, Nicole C. Mambelli-Lisboa, Saswati Chand, Carmella Romeo, Kevin O’Hayer, Eric Londin, Joseph A. Cozzitorto, Charles J. Yeo, Jordan M. Winter, Jonathan R. Brody. CRISPR knockout of HuR in pancreatic cancer cells causes a xenograft lethal phenotype. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2854.
The Other Elections: Congress and the States

The presidential election of 2008 captured most of the media attention leading up to November 4, and for good reason, but there were thou- sands of other elections in the United States that same day. At the same time that the president was being elected, the entire House of Representatives, one-third of the Senate, eleven state governors, and all or part of state legislatures in most of the states were being elected. Whereas the relative simplicity of unitary, parliamentary governments in most of Europe means that a single election can determine the out- come for governing, the extreme complexity of American government means that these other elections do have some impact on the policy choices that will be made.
Embodied Molecular Computation: Potential and Challenges

In its quest for more powerful computing paradigms and machines, DARPA's Defense Science Research Council looked at molecular computing, a compelling approach to unconventional computing that draws on information processing in physical, chemical, and biological systems.
Kidneys and Female Reproductive System

A least a portion of the left kidney is generally included in the field-of-view and readily visualized; the right kidney is often difficult to visualize on a 180° acquisition. Increased renal activity is associated with liver failure because the kidneys are the secondary route of clearance of the99mTc MPI radiopharmaceuticals. “Hot” or “cold” defects within the kidneys are abnormal and require correlative imaging. Displacement of neighboring organs can result from large renal or pelvic masses.
The Selenocysteine-Specific Elongation Factor Contains Unique Sequences That Are Required for Both Nuclear Export and Selenocysteine Incorporation.

Selenocysteine (Sec) is a critical residue in at least 25 human proteins that are essential for antioxidant defense and redox signaling in cells. Sec is inserted into proteins cotranslationally by the recoding of an in-frame UGA termination codon to a Sec codon. In eukaryotes, this recoding event requires several specialized factors, including a dedicated, Sec-specific elongation factor called eEFSec, which binds Sec-tRNASec with high specificity and delivers it to the ribosome for selenoprotein production. Unlike most translation factors, including the canonical elongation factor eEF1A, eEFSec readily localizes to the nucleus of mammalian cells and shuttles between the cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments. The functional significance of eEFSec’s nuclear localization has remained unclear. In this study, we have examined the subcellular localization of eEFSec in the context of altered Sec incorporation to demonstrate that reduced selenoprotein production does not correlate with changes in the nuclear localization of eEFSec. In addition, we identify several novel sequences of the protein that are essential for localization as well as Sec insertion activity, and show that eEFSec utilizes CRM1-mediated nuclear export pathway. Our findings argue for two distinct pools of eEFSec in the cell, where the cytoplasmic pool participates in Sec incorporation and the nuclear pool may be involved in an as yet unknown function.
Unilateral Dislocation of the Posterior Tibialis Tendon (PTT) and Flexor Digitorum Longus Tendon With Contralateral PTT Subluxation in a Patient With Congenitally Shallow Flexor Groove.

Introduction Flexor tendon dislocation from the flexor tendon groove posterior of the medial malleolus has been previously described, and may be difficult to diagnose initially, but is amendable to surgical treatment with good outcomes. We present a unique case of unilateral dislocation of the posterior tibialis and flexor digitorum longus tendons with contralateral flexor digitorum longus subluxation that was treated surgically with a good outcome. Case presentation A 37-year-old active duty male sustained a dislocation and subluxation of the flexor tendons bilaterally after a forced dorsiflexion injury. Bilateral ankle magnetic resonance imaging revealed the injuries that this patient sustained and aided in surgical planning. Surgical Treatment. Bilateral flexor tendon groove deepening with periosteal flap elevation and retinacular repair. Discussion/conclusion This injury has not been previously described in the literature after a forced dorsiflexion mechanism. Advanced imaging is helpful as this injury may be initially misdiagnosed. This case shows that delayed bilateral reconstruction of the flexor tendon grooves and retinacula are reliable methods for pain relief to allow a patient to return to a physically demanding level of function. Levels of evidence Level V.
Effects of Testosterone Replacement Therapy on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms

While early studies suggested that testosterone replacement therapy would enlarge the prostate and worsen lower urinary tract symptoms, this review seeks to examine the combined evidence of observational studies, randomized control trials, and meta-analyses published on the topic to determine if testosterone replacement therapy worsens lower urinary tract symptoms in hypogonadal men. The combined evidence of 15 randomized control trials and 2 meta-analyses has demonstrated emphatically that testosterone replacement therapy has no effect on lower urinary tract symptoms in hypogonadal men with mild and moderate symptoms. No randomized control trial has sufficiently examined the effect of testosterone replacement therapy in men with severe lower urinary tract symptoms. While a few observational studies have seen no effect when hypogonadal men with severe lower urinary tract symptoms are treated with testosterone replacement therapy, future randomized controlled trials specifically studying the effect of testosterone on men with severe lower urinary tract symptoms are warranted. In summary, clinicians should rest assured that testosterone does not worsen lower urinary tract symptoms in hypogonadal men with mild or moderate lower urinary tract symptoms.
Deep learning for sentence classification

Most of the machine learning algorithms requires the input to be denoted as a fixed-length feature vector. In text classifications (bag-of-words) is a popular fixed-length features. Despite their simplicity, they are limited in many tasks; they ignore semantics of words and loss ordering of words. In this paper, we propose a simple and efficient neural language model for sentence-level classification task. Our model employs Recurrent Neural Network Language Model (RNN-LM). Particularly, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) over pre-trained word vectors obtained from unsupervised neural language model to capture semantics and syntactic information in a short sentence. We achieved outstanding empirical results on multiple benchmark datasets, IMDB Sentiment analysis dataset, and Stanford Sentiment Treebank (SSTb) dataset. The empirical results show that our model is comparable with neural methods and outperforms traditional methods in sentiment analysis task.
Microbial Nitrogen Cycling in Estuaries: From Genes to Ecosystem Processes

Nitrogen (N) is one of the primary nutrients required to build biomass and is therefore in high demand in aquatic ecosystems. Estuaries, however, are frequently inundated with high concentrations of anthropogenic nitrogen, which can lead to substantially degraded water quality. Understanding drivers of biogeochemical N cycling rates and the microbial communities responsible for these processes is critical for understanding how estuaries are responding to human development. Estuaries are notoriously complex ecosystems: not only do individual estuaries by definition encompass gradients of salinity and other changing environmental conditions, but differences in physical parameters (e.g., bathymetry, hydrodynamics, tidal flushing) lead to a tremendous amount of variability in estuarine processes between ecosystems, as well. Here, we review the current knowledge of N cycling processes in estuaries carried out by bacteria and archaea, including both biogeochemical rate measurements and molecular characterizations of N cycling microbial communities. Particular attention is focused on identifying key environmental factors associated with distinct biogeochemical or microbial regimes across numerous estuaries. Additionally, we describe novel metabolisms or organisms that have recently been discovered but have not yet been fully explored in estuaries to date. While the majority of research has been conducted in the benthos, we also describe data from estuarine water columns. Understanding both the common patterns and the differences between estuaries has important implications for how these critical ecosystems respond to changing environmental conditions.