cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Assessing the value of a journal beyond the impact factor

The well-documented limitations of journal impact factor rankings and perceptual ratings, the evolving scholarly communication system, the open-access movement, and increasing globalization are some reasons that prompted an examination of journal value rather than just impact. Using a single, specialized journal established in 1960, about education for the Information professions, the author discusses the fall from citation grace of the Journal of Education for Library and Information Science (JELIS) in terms of impact factor and declining subscriptions. Journal evaluation studies in Library and Information Science based on subjective ratings are used to show the high rank of JELIS during the same period (1984–2004) and explain why impact factors and perceptual ratings either singly or jointly are inadequate measures for understanding the value of specialized, scholarly journals such as JELIS. This case study was also a search for bibliometric measures of journal value. Three measures, namely journal attraction power, author associativity, and journal consumption power, were selected; two of them were redefined as journal measures of affinity (the proportion of foreign authors), associativity (the amount of collaboration), and calculated as objective indicators of journal value. The affinity and associativity for JELIS calculated for 1984, 1994, 2004, and consumption calculated for 1985 and 1994 show a holding pattern; however, they also reveal interesting dimensions for future study. Journal value is multidimensional and citations do not capture all the facets; costs, benefits, and measures for informative and scientific value must be distinguished and developed in a fuller model of journal value. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Church-Based Health Promotion Program Impact on Ethnically Diverse Older Adults' Social Support, Religiosity, and Spirituality

A church-based health promotion program of the United Methodist Church was implemented to address the holistic health of adults 50 years and older (n = 142). African American congregation members (n = 65) were paired with white congregation members (n = 77) for a total of 12 groups. Over a year, biracial groups participated in weekly two-hour meetings. A one-group pretest-posttest design was used to determine impacts on participants' religiosity, spirituality, and social support; and if impacts varied by race. At follow-up, program components were assessed. Tangible social support overall improved, and participants experienced meaningful socialization, spiritual opportunities, and improved perceptions of other race groups.
Time perception is distorted during responses to medical emergencies

An accurate perception of time is critical for responders to cardiac arrests and other medical emergencies. Interventions such as medications or defibrillation are meant to be given at particular times. External chest compressions and bag-valve mask ventilations should be done at a particular rate. Accurate timing of the length of pulselessness may have implications for post-emergency management. Additionally, reported timing of pulselessness may alter clinicians' perception of the patient's chances for neurological recovery. Prior research indicates that stressful situations may impair subjects' time perception. It is hypothesized that this is true for responders to medical emergencies. Although there are many competing factors, responders to medical emergencies most likely feel that time passes more slowly than it actually does. This could have important implications for patient management both during and after medical emergencies.
E-cigarette Use among High School and Middle School Adolescents in Connecticut

Introduction: There is limited evidence on electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among U.S. adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional, anonymous surveys conducted in 4 high schools (HS; n = 3,614) and 2 middle schools (MS; n = 1,166) in Connecticut in November 2013 examined e-cigarette awareness, use patterns, susceptibility to future use, preferences, product components used (battery type, nicotine content, flavors), and sources of marketing and access. Results: High rates of awareness (MS: 84.3%; HS: 92.0%) and of lifetime (3.5% MS, 25.2 % HS) and current (1.5% MS, 12% HS) use of e-cigarettes was observed. Among those who had not tried e-cigarettes, 26.4% of MS and 31.7% of HS students reported being susceptible to future use. Males (OR = 1.70, p < .01), older students (OR = 1.39, p < .05), Caucasians (OR = 2.01, p < .001), ever ciga- rette smokers (OR = 13.04, p < .001), and current cigarette smokers (OR = 65.11, p < .001) were more likely to be lifetime e-cigarette users and to report greater future susceptibility (males: OR = 1.30; Caucasians: OR = 1.14; ever cigarette smokers; OR = 3.85; current cigarette smokers; OR = 9.81; ps < .01-.001). Among MS students who were lifetime e-cigarette users, 51.2% reported that e-cigarette was the first tobacco product they had tried. E-cigarettes that were rechargeable and had sweet flavors were most popular. Smokers preferred e-cigarettes to cigarettes. Current cigarette smok- ers were more likely to initiate with nicotine-containing e-cigarettes, and ever and never cigarette smokers to initiate with e-cigarettes without nicotine. Primary sources for e-cigarette advertise- ments were televisions and gas stations and, for acquiring e-cigarettes, were peers. Conclusions: Longitudinal monitoring of e-cigarette use among adolescents and establishment of policies to limit access are imperatively needed.
Effects of Substrates and Cofactors on Steroid Synthesis in Hyperplastic Adrenals

Homogenized hyperplastic adrenal tissue from a 13-year-old boy with classic Cushing's syndrome was incubated with either progesterone-4-14C or pregnenolone-7α-3H as substrate. The addition of DPN or a TPNHgenerating system to the incubation medium resulted in almost quantitative conversion of substrate to metabolites. The presence of added TPN and glucose-6-phosphate favored the conversion of pregnenolone to cortisol and androstenedione. DPN favored the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone and cortisol. Under none of these conditions was progesterone converted to androstenedione. Evidence is presented for the conversion of progesterone-4-14C to 16α-hydroxyprogesterone-14C and 16α, 17-dihydroxyprogesterone-14C. 16α-Hydroxyprogesterone was formed from pregnenolone when DPN was added to the medium. The conversion of pregnenolone-7α-3H to 16α-hydroxypregnenolone-3H was demonstrated also. There was no evidence of a lack of any of the enzymes involved in the conversion of pregnenolone to steroid hormones;...
Performance of GaAs MESFET Mixers at X Band

A theoretical analysis and experimental verification of the signal properties of the GaAs MESFET mixer are presented. Experimental techniques for evaluating some of the mixer parameters are described. Experiments performed on GaAs MESFET mixers at X band show that good noise performance and large dynamic range can be achieved with conversion gain. A conversion gain over 6 dB is measured at 7.8 GHz. Noise figures as low as 7.4 dB and output third-order intermodulation intercepts of +18 dBm have heen obtained at 8 GHz with a balanced MESFET mixer.
Parental investment and child health in a Yanomamö village suffering short-term food stress

The 1998 El Nino significantly reduced garden productivity in the Upper Orinoco region in Venezuela. Consequently, parents were forced to allocate food carefully to their children. Nutrition data collected from village children combined with genealogical data allowed the determination of which children suffered most, and whether the patterns of food distribution accorded with predictions from parental investment theory. For boys, three social variables accounted for over 70% of the variance in subcutaneous fat after controlling for age: number of siblings, age of the mother's youngest child, and whether the mother was the senior or junior co-wife, or was married monogamously. These results accord well with parental investment theory. Parents experiencing food stress faced a trade-off between quantity and quality, and between investing in younger versus older offspring. In addition, boys with access to more paternal investment (i.e. no stepmother) were better nourished. These variables did not account for any of the variance in female nutrition. Girls' nutrition was associated with the size of their patrilineage and the number of non-relatives in the village, suggesting that lineage politics may have played a role. An apparent lack of relationship between orphan status and nutrition is also interesting, given that orphans suffered high rates of skin flea infections. The large number of orphans being cared for by only two grandparents suggests that grooming time may have been the resource in short supply.
Abstract 1469: Specific detection tool for mesenchymal and epithelial-mesenchymal transformed circulating tumor cells.

Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC Circulating tumor cells (CTC) released from primary tumor tissues into bloodstream or lymphatic vessels are emerging as novel tools in the detection and prognosis of several types of metastatic cancers. At present, CTC markers are limited to epithelial cancers and there are no specific markers available to detect mesenchymal and epithelial-mesenchymal transformed (EMT) CTCs. EMT cells are characterized by increased motility and invasiveness and are known to escape detection technologies that use EpCAM and cytokeratins as CTC markers. Here we report a novel antibody, 84-1 for detection of mesenchymal and EMT CTC. Antibodies were raised in mice after injecting metastatic cancer cells and clones were selected that were positive only for CTC and negative for PBMCs and normal cells. 84-1 was the only antibody that was unique in its ability to detect CTCs from mesenchymal tumors and EMT CTC from epithelial tumors. Studies for characterization of the epitope for 84-1 antibody are ongoing. We then analyzed the sensitivity and specificity of the antibody by utilizing spiking assay and were able to specifically detect and isolate as low as one cell from 1 ml of blood. In a pilot analysis, we were able to detect CTCs from patients with colon cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, osteosarcoma, and leukemia with very high specificity, while CTCs were not observed in healthy subjects. CTCs were characterized based on the size of the nucleus and for 84-1 positivity and CD45 negativity using fluorescence microscopy. The CTCs from cancer patients were isolated and cultured for mutational analysis. CTCs were also detectable in the blood of mice with tumors of both epithelial (colon) and non-epithelial (osteosarcoma) origin and were isolated and cultured in vitro, which formed colonies of cells that were used for further analysis to confirm the identity of CTCs. Furthermore, we also evaluated CTCs in mutant p53 mice that developed spontaneous tumors of both mesenchymal and epithelial origin. Collectively, our observations provide a novel technology to selectively detect and isolate both mesenchymal and EMT CTC. Detection and molecular characterization of CTCs is one of the fastest growing areas of translational cancer research. Utilizing our antibody, we can enumerate and isolate rare CTCs that will aid in the early detection of tumors, metastasis, and relapse and will contribute to the development of specific targeted therapies, an ultimate goal of personalized medicine. Citation Format: Arun Satelli, Abhisek Mitra, Jeffery J. Cutrera, Xia Xeuqing, Dibra Denada, Dina Lev Chelouche, Michael James Overman, Ellis Lee, Shulin Li. Specific detection tool for mesenchymal and epithelial-mesenchymal transformed circulating tumor cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1469. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1469
Spontaneous Repositioning of Pathologically Migrated Teeth

Background: There is limited clinical evidence that pathologically migrated teeth may reposition themselves after conventional periodontal treatment. The current research was carried out to determine the frequency of spontaneous repositioning of pathologically migrated teeth after routine periodontal therapy, and to study the relation between the severity of migration and the degree of repositioning following treatment. Methods: Sixteen patients with moderate to severe periodontal disease and presenting 33 diastema sites secondary to pathologic migration participated in this study. After conventional periodontal treatment had been performed, reactive repositioning was assessed by measuring the space between pathologically migrated teeth and adjacent teeth on study models obtained at baseline, re-evaluation at 6 weeks after scaling and root planing, and 4 months after surgery. Results: After scaling and root planing only, 48.5% of all sites exhibited some degree of repositioning with 36.4% of all sites clo...
Family Responses to Extrafamilial Child Sexual Abuse: An Overview and an Experiential Perspective

Extrafamilial child sexual abuse, and the resultant responses that occur, can dramatically affect the lives of young children and their families. As many as four out of 10 children are sexually abused each year (6), which suggests that significant numbers of children are sexually abused. Many nurses have little awareness of the issues of extrafamilial child sexual abuse and the traumatic impact on the family. Although this article is not a scientific study of family responses, the author employed a theoretical approach in her presentation of her own family's responses to her son's sexual victimization. An overview of child sexual abuse is presented. Family-centered nursing implications in caring for these children and their families are included.
The Relative Returns to Graduating from a Historically Black College/University: Propensity Score Matching Estimates from the National Survey of Black Americans

This paper considers the returns to earning a baccalaureate degree from a Historically Black College/University (HBCU) relative to a non-HBCU for black Americans. With data from the National Survey of Black Americans, we use propensity score matching estimators to estimate the treatment effect of graduating from an HBCU on direct labor market outcomes, and on psychological outcomes that indirectly increase wages. We find that the treatment effect of graduating from an HBCU relative to a non-HBCU is positive with respect to labor market and psychological outcomes across three decades. As our direct labor market outcome measure reflects permanent earnings, our results suggest that as HBCUs afford graduates relatively superior long-run returns they continue to have a compelling educational justification, as the labor market outcomes of their graduates are superior to what they would have been had they graduated from a non-HBCU.
CTE-measurement and delamination growth by a real time Moire technique

In this study, a real time moire interferometry technique was presented. CTE (coefficient of thermal expansion) and glass transfer temperature (Tg) measurements of a molding compound were conducted with the aid of a recently developed vacuum thermal chamber and a computer imaging analysis system. This technique was also applied to the study of the thermo-mechanical deformation of a silicon/molding compound bimaterial with an interface delamination. The fringe patterns of the thermo-mechanical deformation were presented. The phase angle of the interface delamination were calculated and discussed.
Risk factors for Mycobacterium ulcerans infection

Mycobacterium ulcerans infection (Buruli ulcer) causes necrotizing lesions that may lead to scarring, contractures, osteomyelitis, and even amputation. Despite decades of research, the reservoirs and modes of transmission for M. ulcerans remain obscure. A thorough evaluation of the potential risk factors examined in comparative epidemiological studies may help to identify likely transmission routes. A systematic search of the literature found that poor wound care, failure to wear protective clothing, and living or working near water bodies were commonly identified risk factors. Socioeconomic status, BCG vaccination, and direct water contact were not associated with significantly increased or decreased risk of infection. Additional comparative studies are required to clarify the potential roles of water contact and insect bites in transmitting M. ulcerans to humans.
Hyperactivated B cells in human inflammatory bowel disease

IBD is characterized by a chronic, dysregulated immune response to intestinal bacteria. Past work has focused on the role of T cells and myeloid cells in mediating chronic gastrointestinal and systemic inflammation. Here, we show that circulating and tissue B cells from CD patients demonstrate elevated basal levels of activation. CD patient B cells express surface TLR2, spontaneously secrete high levels of IL-8, and contain increased ex vivo levels of phosphorylated signaling proteins. CD clinical activity correlates directly with B cell expression of IL-8 and TLR2, suggesting a positive relationship between these B cell inflammatory mediators and disease pathogenesis. In contrast, B cells from UC patients express TLR2 but generally do not demonstrate spontaneous IL-8 secretion; however, significant IL-8 production is inducible via TLR2 stimulation. Furthermore, UC clinical activity correlates inversely with levels of circulating TLR2+ B cells, which is opposite to the association observed in CD. In conclusion, TLR2+ B cells are associated with clinical measures of disease activity and differentially associated with CD- and UC-specific patterns of inflammatory mediators, suggesting a formerly unappreciated role of B cells in the pathogenesis of IBD.
Browsing (Epi)genomes: A Guide to Data Resources and Epigenome Browsers for Stem Cell Researchers

Over the past years we have witnessed an explosion in the generation of freely available genome-wide data sets, including maps of various histone modifications, transcription factor binding, DNase hypersensitivity, and DNA methylation, which provide valuable resources for data validation, exploration, and hypothesis generation. The goal of this review is to provide the reader with information on where to find many of the data sets and how to utilize the various (epi)genome browsers for display and initial analysis. We provide selected examples to highlight key features and demonstrate the application of these browsers to stem cell biology.
Perioperative Management and Outcome of Patients Having Cardiac Surgery Combined With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Resection

Abstract Patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) have a high incidence of associated cardiac disease. If a patient presents with both severe coronary artery disease and a large AAA, a staged procedure cardiac surgery (CS) followed by AAA resection may present too great a risk of aneurysm rupture and death. A combined procedure may be recommended in this circumstance; however, the literature contains only individual successful case reports of such a procedure. A series of 10 patients who underwent CS and AAA repair to define the risks and outcome of this complex patient population is presented. Methods used included a retrospective analysis of hospital chart data from patients undergoing combined CS and AAA resection from 1980 to the present at this institution. The data analyzed included age, sex, chief complaint, past medical history, indications for surgery, abdominal aneurysm size, coronary anatomy, valvular pathology, preoperative left ventricular function, anesthetic agent and dose, order of surgery, prebypass complications, intraoperative complications, cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic cross-clamp time, abdominal aortic-clamp time, blood product use, and postoperative complications. Seven of the 10 patients had a successful outcome (S group), whereas 3 of the 10 patients died postoperatively (D group). The staged procedure of first performing CS and then AAA resection has a combined operative mortality of 4%. When the nature of both lesions is severe and a combined procedure is necessary, there is an associated in-hospital mortality of approximately 30% at this institution. The S group patients had an unremarkable postoperative course with a relatively short hospital stay when compared to the staged procedure.
‘Venturing in Education’: teaching at the University of Chicago’s Laboratory School, 1896–1904

In 1896, John Dewey opened the Laboratory School at the University of Chicago. While much is known about this legendary school and its founder, the teachers whose daily work brought the school to life remain mostly anonymous. This essay attempts to remedy this historical invisibility by investigating four of the Laboratory School teachers – Anna Camp, Katherine Camp, Althea Harmer and Mary Hill – in order to more fully understand this experimental school. The teachers’ personal correspondence and published writings evoke a vital collection of educators whose interests and passions connected them to other centers of innovation in Chicago and elsewhere in the nation. This investigation of the teachers thus fills out our understanding of the history of this innovative institution and of the developing pragmatist ideas of its time, and establishes their centrality to the ideas and practices of the Laboratory School.
A Note On The Formal And Informal Sector Economies In Mexico: How Strongly Does Social Network Theory Explain Microentepreneurial Success?

Previous studies examining the effects of social network theory have largely been conducted in the context of highly industrialized and economically robust countries. In contrast, Mexico is a developing country that has historically experienced extreme poverty, low productivity and significant financial problems. And despite being the 15 th largest nation and the 13 th largest economy by volume, it is a country where only until recently a sketchy picture of the smallest of entrepreneurs and his/her activities have begun to materialize. This paper outlines an effort to add substance and contrast to this picture, and argues that social network theory may actually depict two vastly different portraits of entrepreneurship in Mexico.
The Impact of Confucianism on Seventeenth Century Europe

It was from the Jesuits that the intelligentsia of Europe learned of the philosophy of Confucius. Many years before their sinophile propaganda had begun to affect the thinking of European scholars the members of the Society of Jesus had determined their attitude towards Chinese thought. It was, in fact, the simplification, to suit their own needs, of an ancient, complex and effective system of religion, ethics, and social philosophy. Faced with the coalescence of religious and moral teachings represented by the son chiao or three cults (of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism) the Jesuit missionaries found it expedient to oppose the social philosophy of Confucianism to the esoteric teachings of Buddhism and the mystico-magical thought of Taoism—creating a purely imaginary dualism in which the two latter were labelled heathen cults and the former was exalted to the position of a noble philosophic system, rivalling, if not surpassing, that of Greece and Rome.
Family Satisfaction with Psychiatric Evaluations

In the current study, psychiatric patient, family, and evaluator satisfaction with initial treatment recommendations was examined in relation to patient compliance with treatment methods and clinical improvement. Only family satisfaction was positively correlated with both compliance and improvement. This finding challenges the predominant view that families play negative roles in psychiatric illness by exacerbating symptomatology and, instead, stresses the positive facilitating role of the family. Implications for involving families in treatment evaluations and social work practice are discussed.
Biomarkers of inclusion body myositis

Purpose of reviewInclusion body myositis (IBM) is a poorly understood autoimmune and degenerative disorder of skeletal muscle. Here, pathophysiological and diagnostic biomarkers of IBM are reviewed.Recent findingsMuscle histopathological biomarkers have been successful in stimulating the study of IB
P3.334 Social Geography of Diagnosed and Undiagnosed STIs: Preliminary Results

Background Geographic propinquity affects the number and types of sexual partners available as well as sexual network connexions. Geographic location also affects the pervasiveness of STI screening and the availability of STI treatment. This presentation explores the geographic clustering of diagnosed and undiagnosed STIs and STI-risk factors in CityplaceBaltimore, StateMD. Methods The 2006–2009 Monitoring STIs Survey Program (MSSP) tracked trends in three STIs (trichomoniasis, chlamydia, gonorrhoea) in probability samples of the population ages 15 to 35 in CityplaceBaltimore, StateMD. 2,936 participants reported on previously diagnosed STIs and STI-risk behaviours, and 2,136 participants provided biospecimens for STI testing. Census tract codes and socio-demographic characteristics of these tracts were appended to the MSSP data. Investigators are exploring the social geography of the distribution of diagnosed and undiagnosed STIs and STI-risk factors using this database. Results Preliminary analyses suggest that: (1) the estimated prevalence of undiagnosed infections is elevated among Black respondents living in census tracts with high levels of median income; (2) the estimated prevalence of diagnosed infections is elevated among Black respondents living in census tracts with low levels of median income; (3) the estimated prevalence of undiagnosed infections among non-Blacks is highest among non-Blacks living in Census tracts with more than 80% Black residents; (4) the estimated prevalence of undiagnosed infection among Black women has a curvilinear relationship with the percentage of residents in a Census tract who are Black. (Higher infection prevalences are found in Census tracts with lower and higher proportions of Black residents.) Conclusion These results invite provocative conclusions. It appears, for example, that inadequate screening resources may be targeted on Black respondents residing in wealthier neighbourhoods resulting in an elevated prevalence of undiagnosed infection in this subpopulation. A rigorous examination of this and related preliminary results will be presented at the conference.
Persistent Infection with Ehrlichia chaffeensis

Although persistent infection of animals by members of the genus Ehrlichia is well known and may be associated with subsequent severe or fatal illness, persistent infection of humans with Ehrlichia chaffeensis has not been reported. Herein we report a typical case of serologically documented acute ehrlichiosis; despite therapy with tetracycline and chloramphenicol, the patient's condition progressively worsened and he suffered multiple secondary infections and gastrointestinal hemorrhage. He died 68 days after his initial hospitalization. Retrospective immunohistologic examination of both acute-phase bone marrow specimens (obtained day 12 of illness) and postmortem liver tissue specimens (obtained day 68 after onset of disease) revealed E. chaffeensis morulae in mononuclear cells, presumably macrophages and monocytes. Findings of this case provide the first definitive evidence that E. chaffeensis is capable of establishing persistent human infection and suggest a role for this obligate intracellular bacterium in the induction of immune compromise associated with a fatal outcome.
Nonsampling vs. Sampling Errors in Survey Research

To increase the validity and reliability of survey data, one must minimize total error and its components, sampling and nonsampling error. This article examines and empirically compares the compone...
A monograph of the genus Gigaspora, incorporating developmental patterns of morphological characters

Species concepts within the order Glomales, Zygomycetes, still are in their formative stages and require input from different character sets. Morphological and developmental characters in the genus...
Solvent-induced α- to 3(10)-helix transition of an amphiphilic peptide.

The amphiphilic peptide of the triacylglycerol lipase derived from Pseudomonas aeruginosa plays a critical role in guarding the gate for ligand access. Conformations of this peptide at several water–oil interfaces and in protein environments were compared using atomistic simulations with explicit solvents. In oil-containing solvents, this peptide is able to retain a folded structure. Interestingly, when the peptide is immersed in a low-polarity solvent environment, it exhibits a “coalesced” helix structure, which has both α- and 310-helix components. The observation that the 310-helical conformation is populated in a highly nonpolar environment is consistent with a previous report on polymethylalanine. Frequent interconversions of the secondary structure (between α-helix and 310-helix) of the peptide are also observed. We further studied how this solvent-induced structural transition may be connected to the trigger mechanism of lipase gating and how the lipase senses the hydrophobic–hydrophilic interface.
Gene mapping by fluorescent in situhybridization

Abstract We describe a new method for the mapping of mammalian genes, utilizing in situ hybridization of mRNA to DNA of chromosomes. It involves the hydrogen bonding of the polyadenylic acid at the 3′ end of hybridized mRNA to the polyuridylic acid tail of a highly fluorescent latex microsphere. The resultant double hybrid can be visualized by fluorescence microscopy. The chromosomal localization of human α + β globin genes has been explored by this method. Our data point to the long arms of chromosomes 4 and 5 as the loci for the human globin genes.
Monte Carlo particle simulations of ultrafast optical experiments in semiconductors

Ultrafast optical techniques have now been used for more than a decade to provide a unique probe on nonequilibrium phenomena in semiconductor materials. The success of such techniques in this area rests primarily on the fact that optical interactions with unbound charge carriers in semiconductor crystals depend strongly on the distribution functions or state occupancies of these carriers, which is a sensitive probe of nonequilibrium behavior.
Chapter Three: Methodology

The main goal of this study is to use Sfard’s discourse approach as an analytic tool to describe students’ geometric thinking. Three primary data sources are used: (1) written responses to the van Hiele Geometry Test (used both as a pre-test and a post-test), (2) transcripts and interview video recordings (from two in-depth interviews, the first interview conducted right after the pre-test, and the second right after the posttest), and (3) participants’ written statements, answer sheets to the three tasks during the interviews. These data sources are described in greater detail in this section and are followed by the methods used to analyze these data sources.
Das Lebensende als Randgebiet des Sozialen? Zur Praxis des ‚guten‘ Sterbens zu Hause am Beispiel der ambulanten Hospiz- und Palliativarbeit

Gutes’ Sterben heute ist ein professionell versorgtes, sozial begleitetes und im normativen Anspruch individuelles und selbstbestimmtes Sterben zu Hause. Mit dieser programmatischen und institutionell aufbereiteten Individualisierung des Sterbens soll die fur die Moderne charakteristische prekare Randexistenz des Sterbenden aufgehoben und der Sterbende gleichsam re-sozialisiert werden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird gezeigt, mit welchen Kommunikations- und Handlungsmustern, mit welchen ‚Sterbe-Dingen‘ die ehren- und hauptamtlichen, professionellen und Laien-‚Grenzarbeiter‘ ihrem Ziel des ‚guten‘ Sterbens folgen und damit das Lebensende als Randgebiet des Sozialen im Privaten fur, mit oder zuweilen auch gegen die betroffenen ‚Randstandigen‘ her- und sicherstellen – und welcher Zusammenhang mit sozialer Ungleichheit, Macht und Herrschaft dabei erkennbar ist.
High performance tracking control system under measurement constraints by multi-rate control

Abstract This paper describes a multi-rate feedback/feedforward system applicable to the design and analysis of tracking control system under measurement constraints. In this system, the feedback controller is updated at the slow rate, while the feedforward controller is updated at the fast rate with a desired sequence, which is obtained by interpolating the slow sampled sequence of the desired trajectory. The tracking performance is evaluated by including intersample behavior of the output. Illustrative examples are given to further explain the advantages of multi-rate control.
Structural metamaterials with Saint-Venant edge effect reversal

Abstract When a usual material is loaded statically at surfaces, fine fluctuations of surface strain diminish fast in the material volume with the distance to the surface, a phenomenon widely known as the Saint-Venant edge effect. In this paper, highly nonlocal discrete lattices are explored to demonstrate structural metamaterials featuring reversal of the Saint-Venant edge effect. In these materials, certain coarse patterns of surface strain may decay faster than the finer ones. This phenomenon is shown to arise from anomalous behavior of the Fourier modes of static deformation in the material, and creates opportunities for blockage, qualitative modification and in-situ recognition of surface load patterns. Potential applications and useful practical techniques of spectral analysis of deformation, density of states and phase diagram mapping are outlined.
Cryogenic matching performance of 90 nm MOSFETs

While the matching properties of MOSFETs have been extensively studied, the impact of temperature on matching remains poorly understood. Recent efforts at understanding the effects of temperature on matching [1, 2] report improved matching at higher temperatures. Here, we examine the impact of cryogenic temperatures on the matching performance of a 90 nm bulk CMOS technology. Cryogenic operation improves many of the MOSFET performance metrics and cryogenic MOSFETs have been shown to achieve lower broadband noise at cryogenic temperatures [3], opening up the possibility of their application in radio astronomy that require very low noise. As suggested in [1], however, device matching could potentially degrade with cooling. In addition to the enhancement of columbic scattering and the associated variations due to dopant fluctuations [2], cryogenic temperatures impose additional variability due to incomplete ionization and enhanced quantum effects.
Religion and Nature in a Globalizing World

Despite the recent series of electoral victories by populists seeking to capitalize on antipathy about globalization, our world remains radically interconnected.[...]
Virtual High-Throughput Screening for Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors

Structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) is a common method for the fast identification of hit structures at the beginning of a medicinal chemistry program in drug discovery. The SBVS, described in this manuscript, is focused on finding small molecule hits that can be further utilized as a starting point for the development of inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13) via structure-based molecular design. We intended to identify a set of structurally diverse hits, which occupy all subsites (S1'-S3', S2, and S3) centering the zinc containing binding site of MMP-13, by the virtual screening of a chemical library comprising more than ten million commercially available compounds. In total, 23 compounds were found as potential MMP-13 inhibitors using Glide docking followed by the analysis of the structural interaction fingerprints (SIFt) of the docked structures.
Tools to support exploratory programming with data

A diverse range of people, from students to engineers to designers, are interested in using programming to analyze, visualize, and build new intelligent systems from data. However, when working with data, a programmer must typically experiment heavily: writing out and running many different approaches in code to reach a desired result [1][2]. This form of exploratory programming presents extra challenges and pitfalls for programmers. For example, as a person iterates on a problem over a long period of time, it can become difficult to answer questions like: “Through what steps did I achieve this result?” [3] or “What different analyses have I tried or not tried so far?”. Currently there is a sparsity of tools for programmers to keep track of all their code experimentation, and intermediary data analysis steps are easily lost. Programmers also struggle with making many small highly exploratory code changes, such as trying 10 different values of a parameter [2]. Current code version tools are not designed for rapid iteration on small sections of code, thus these programmers often resort to informal ad-hoc methods of versioning such as leaving 10 different values of a parameter in comments in their code, or copying the 10 different values to a separate text file. As programmers work to make sense of challenging data questions, managing experiments in code adds an extra degree of overhead and confusion that can make this work all the more difficult.
Testing for Primeness

In this chapter we consider how to find large primes for use in the secret codes described in Chapter I-15.
Experimental Measurement of the Energy Dissipative Mechanisms of the Kevlar Micro-fibrillar Network for Multi-scale Application

The study presented in this paper is a subset of the research described in a manuscript by the authors that was accepted for publication. In this study, nanoindentation tests were conducted on the surfaces of Kevlar 49 single fibers under a variety of contact conditions (i.e., probe geometry, indentation depth, and effective strain). The total, absorbed, and recovered energies of indentation were measured and associated with the observed deformation mechanisms of the Kevlar fibrillar network. To directly compare the energies of indentations made with the different probe geometries, the total energy of indentation was normalized by probe volume (i.e., specific energy). In general, the total energy, the percentage of the total energy that was absorbed, and specific energy of indentation increased as indentation depth and/or the effective strain increased, which correlated with the onset of additional fibril deformation mechanisms.
Flattening the hierarchy. A hospital streamlines managerial layers to meet market demands.

In the early 1990s it became clear to the leaders of St. Edward Mercy Medical Center, Fort Smith, AR, that the traditional ?functional? model of organization, on which their hospital was based, did not allow it to meet new market demands. A core group of managers was formed to design a new organizational model and engineer the move toward it. Analyzing the hospital's structure, the core group found that it had too many administrative layers above too many specialized departments. In 1994 the group decided to adopt a span-of-control model of organization, which would give St. Edward a higher ratio of workers per manager. In 1995 the core group streamlined the hospital's managerial layers, deciding there would be no more than five. It reduced the number of supervisory positions by 36, including one vice president's slot. No manager was fired, though some were reassigned. St. Edward's reorganization continues at present. The new structure, which has cut personnel costs, fosters more open communication and empowers its workers, leading them to think in terms of ?us and our hospital? rather than ?me and my department.?
“Die Sache”: The Foundationless Ground of Legal Meaning

Clients do not approach their lawyer with a legal problem but they approach the lawyer with a problem in their everyday life that is articulated through narratives that are not exclusively, or perhaps not at all, legal in nature. The lawyer then must find the legal narrative to adapt to the problem and construct a narrative of law form the resources of legal reasoning. This insight about the work of lawyers as makers and managers of meaning is all too often reduced to a simplistic picture in which the lawyer tells a “story” to trigger the proper elements of the “objective” legal principles. This reinstates the dichotomy that the focus on the narrative character of law is in opposition to the fixed and objective character of the law itself, so that narrative is not appropriate with regard to the law. Hans-Georg Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics and the philosophical term die Sache are premised on the assumption that the other’s horizon of pre-understanding provides a different angle: hermeneutical responsibility is not owed to the other person as a supposed separate subjectivity; instead, it is owed to the subject matter about which the dialogue partners converse: die Sache. This viewpoint has practical import by considering legal reasoning as an exemplary case of our responsibility to die Sache and also has important implications for legal education.
Enabling Strong Isolation for Distributed Real-Time Applications in Edge Computing Scenarios

Distributed coexisting applications found in the military and space domains, which operate over managed but shared computing resources at the edge require strong isolation from each other. The state of the art for computation sharing at the edge is traditionally based on Docker and similar pseudovirtualization features. Our team has been working on an end-to-end architecture that provides strong spatial and temporal isolation similar to what has become standard in avionics communities. In this paper, we describe an open-source extension to Linux that we have designed and implemented for our distributed real-time embedded managed systems (DREMS) architecture. The key concepts are the partitioning scheduler, strong security design, and a health management interface.
Effect of fabric on the accuracy of computed tomography-based finite element analyses of the vertebra

Quantitative computed tomography (QCT)-based finite element (FE) models of the vertebra are widely used in studying spine biomechanics and mechanobiology, but their accuracy has not been fully established. Although the models typically assign material properties based only on local bone mineral density (BMD), the mechanical behavior of trabecular bone also depends on fabric. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of incorporating measurements of fabric on the accuracy of FE predictions of vertebral deformation. Accuracy was assessed by using displacement fields measured via digital volume correlation—applied to time-lapse microcomputed tomography (μCT)—as the gold standard. Two QCT-based FE models were generated from human L1 vertebrae (n = 11): the entire vertebral body and a cuboid-shaped portion of the trabecular centrum [dimensions: (20–30) × (15–20) × (15–20) mm3]. For axial compression boundary conditions, there was no difference (p = 0.40) in the accuracy of the FE-computed displacements for models using material properties based on local values of BMD versus those using material properties based on local values of fabric and volume fraction. However, when using BMD-based material properties, errors were higher for the vertebral-body models (8.4–50.1%) than cuboid models (1.5–19.6%), suggesting that these properties are inaccurate in the peripheral regions of the centrum. Errors also increased when assuming that the cuboid region experienced uniaxial loading during axial compression of the vertebra. These findings indicate that a BMD-based constitutive model is not sufficient for the peripheral region of the vertebral body when seeking accurate QCT-based FE modeling of the vertebra.
SchengenDB: A Data Protection Database Proposal

GDPR in Europe and similar regulations, such as the California CCPA, require new levels of privacy support for consumers. Most challenging to IT departments is the “right to be forgotten”. Hence, an enterprise must ensure that ALL information about a specific consumer be deleted from enterprise storage, when requested. Since enterprises are internally heavily “siloed”, sharing of information is usually accomplished by copying data between systems. This makes finding and deleting all copies of data on a particular consumer difficult.
Analysis of YouTube's Content ID System Through Two Different Perspectives.

Computer engineering and law seem to be two distant disciplines that go in opposite directions. In fact, most lawyers and IT-engineers tend to consider that their fields do not have much in common, but today’s reality requires much more collaboration between the two. This paper presents an analysis of YouTube’s Content ID system from two different perspectives: Lex Informatica and Legal Risk Management, in order to determine the link between technology and law. Therefore, by highlighting the importance of this relationship, this paper aims to assess the weaknesses, benefits, and challenges that professionals in these scientific fields face today and invites them to collaborate in a more efficient manner to avoid the violation of users’ rights.
Establishment of an experimental-computational framework for promoting Project-based learning for vibrations and controls education:

A curriculum enhancement project of embedding MATLAB and Simulink to a mechanical engineering (ME) vibrations and controls course is presented in this paper. MATLAB/Simulink is a popular software t...
Youth, Gangs, and Corruption in Honduras: Social Persecution as Grounds for Asylum in the United States

Campbell reconstructs the case of a Honduran youth as he pursues political asylum in the United States, showing his journey from the time of his adolescence to the judgment rendered at his final court appearance in Boston, Massachusetts. This case is significant because, at the time, there were no legal precedents for granting asylum on the basis of social, rather than political, persecution. Campbell reconstruye el caso de un joven hondureno que pedia asilo politico en los EEUU, mostrando su viaje a partir de su adolescencia hasta el juicio dado en su ultimo aspecto tribunal en Boston, Massachusetts. Este caso es importante porque no habian ningunos precedentes legales para albergar asilo basado en la persecucion social en vez de politica. Campbell reconstrua um caso de um jovem de Honduras que procurava asilo politico dentro dos Estados Unidos. Ela revela a viagem do jovem desde sua adolescencia ate a decisao dado em sua ultima aparencia na corte em Boston, Massachusetts. Este caso e importante porque no entao nao havia precedentes legais para albergar asilo baseado posecucao social em vez de politica. Campbell reconstitue un cas d’un jeune homme de Honduras qui demande d’asile politique aux Etats-Unis. Elle devoile son parcours depuis son adolescence jusqu’au jugement final rendu devant la cour a Boston, Massachusetts. Ce cas a une grande portee car dans ses temps n’avait pas de precedents legales pour accorder d’asile base sur la persecution sociale et pas sur la persecution politique.