cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The non‐human primate model of tuberculosis

Non-human primates (NHPs) are used to model human disease owing to their remarkably similar genomes, physiology, and immune systems. Recently, there has been an increased interest in modeling tuberculosis (TB) in NHPs. Macaques are susceptible to infection with different strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), producing the full spectrum of disease conditions, including latent infection, chronic progressive infection, and acute TB, depending on the route and dose of infection. Clearly, NHPs are an excellent model of human TB. While the initial aim of the NHP model was to allow preclinical testing of candidate vaccines and drugs, it is now also being used to study pathogenesis and immune correlates of protection. Recent advances in this field are discussed in this review. Key questions such as the effect of hypoxia on the biology of Mtb and the basis of reactivation of latent TB can now be investigated through the use of this model.
The Influence of Inattention and Rapid Automatized Naming on Reading Performance

The current study examined the relation between attention, rapid automatized naming (RAN), and reading fluency among typically developing children. A total of 104 third- and fourth-grade children (8-11 years of age) completed RAN measures consisting of four stimuli (letter, digit, color, and object) and an oral reading fluency measure from the Gray Oral Reading Test-Fourth Edition. Correlational and hierarchical regression analyses revealed that all four RAN stimuli, particularly letter RAN, were significant predictors of reading fluency. Additionally, parent and teacher ratings of inattention from the Swanson, Nolan and Pelham-Version Four rating scale predicted RAN after controlling for gender, working memory, and estimated IQ. Further analyses indicated that RAN performance mediated the relation between inattention and reading fluency. Results support the need to consider attentional variables when assessing reading performance, even among typically developing children.
Passivated emitters in silicon solar cells

In high-efficiency silicon solar cells with low metal contact coverage fractions and high bulk lifetimes, cell performance is often dominated by recombination in the oxide-passivated diffusions on the cell surface. Measurements of the emitter saturation current density, J/sub o/, of oxide-passivated, boron and phosphorus diffusions are presented, and from these measurements, the dependence of surface recombination velocity on dopant concentration is extracted. The lowest observed values of J/sub o/ which are stable under UV light are given for both boron- and phosphorus-doped, oxide-passivated diffusions, for both textured and untextured surfaces. Contour plots which incorporate the above data were applied to two types of backside-contact solar cells with large area (37.5 cm/sup 2/) and one-sun efficiencies up to 22.7%. >
Improved agreement of net and acoustical methods for surveying euphausiids by mitigating avoidance using a net-based LED strobe light system

Euphausiids are known for their ability to avoid capture by standard plankton nets. Repeat sampling was conducted in the Gulf of Maine with a 1 m MOCNESS equipped with a light-emitting diode (LED)-based strobe light concurrent to multifrequency acoustic data collection. On cruise one, the strobe light’s efficacy in reducing euphausiid net avoidance was evaluated on two horizontal tows where four of the eight nets were sampled with the strobe flashing and four with the strobe off. With the strobe light on, there was a significant increase in euphausiid abundance by a factor of 4.5 at night and by a factor of 11.0 during the day. There was also a significant increase in biovolume catch of zooplankton when the strobe light was on by factors of 2.2 at night and 5.5 during the day due to a higher abundance of 10 and 35 mm euphausiids. Euphausiids caught with the strobe light on accounted for most of the observed backscattering, and acoustic and net estimates of their abundance agreed. Similar results were obtained on cruise two. Agreement of acoustic and net estimates when using the strobe light suggests that reduced avoidance enhanced the efficiency of catching euphausiids.
Liquid phase cementation of copper

A method tor the cementation of copper from aqueous solutions has been developed which permits the recovery of copper, nickel, and sulfuric acid from tank house electrolytes. The process involves the reduction of copper to a fine powder by divalent chromium ions. The chromium is used as an intermediate reducing agent and is continuously recycled in the process. Nickel is reduced to the metal during electroIytic reduction of the trivalent chromium to the divalent state. Data are presented to substantiate each of the steps. There are several advantages to this process over other cementation methods: (1) only a small space is required due to rapid reactions; (2) high-purity oxidation-inhibited copper is produced; (3) valuable impurities such as nickel can also be recovered; and (4) no waste effluents requiring pollution control are produced.
Are you satisfied yet? Shared leadership, trust and individual satisfaction in virtual teams

Abstract Virtual teams provide organizations with numerous advantages by allowing them to assemble individuals irrespective of their physical location. Unfortunately, dispersion and reliance on virtual communications are two characteristics of virtual teams that can reduce team member’s satisfaction. Promoting satisfaction is important because it is associated with increases in individual behaviors that promote team performance. To address this issue, this paper conducts a multi-level analysis that investigates the influence of shared leadership and individual trust on individual satisfaction in virtual teams. Results indicate that both shared leadership and individual trust increase individual satisfaction. In addition, the significance of a cross-level moderation effect between shared leadership and individual trust indicates that the two act as substitutes for one another. In essence, either shared leadership or trust can be used to facilitate individual satisfaction in virtual teams.
Vibrational spectroscopy and theory of the protonated benzene dimer and trimer.

Protonated benzene cluster ions, H(C6H6)2+ and H(C6H6)3+, are produced in a pulsed electrical discharge source coupled to a supersonic expansion. Mass-selected complexes are investigated with infrared photodissociation spectroscopy in the 1000–3200 cm–1 region using the method of argon tagging. The IR spectra of H(C6H6)2+–Ar and H(C6H6)3+–Ar contain broad bands in the high frequency region resulting from CH−π hydrogen bonds. Sharp peaks are observed in the fingerprint region arising from the ring modes of both the C6H7+ and C6H6 moieties. M06-2X calculations have been performed to investigate the structures and vibrational spectra of energetically low-lying configurations of these complexes. H(C6H6)2+ is predicted to have three nearly isoenergetic conformers: the parallel displaced (PD), T-shaped (TS), and canted (C) structures [Jaeger, H. M.; Schaefer, H. F.; Hohenstein, E. G.; Sherrill, C. D. Comput. Theor. Chem. 2011, 973, 47–52]. A comparison of the experimental dimer spectrum with those predicted for...