cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cloning of syngeneic hematopoietic cells in the spleens of mice and rats pretreated with cytotoxic drugs.

A method is described for the quantitative cloning of syngeneic hematopoietic cells in the spleens of mice or rats pretreated with a combination of cyclophosphamide and busulfan. A linear relationship was demonstrated between the number of nucleated cells injected and the number of macroscopically visible surface spleen colonies counted 7 days later. Six types of spleen colonies were encountered: megakaryocyte, granulocyte, erythrocyte, erythrocyte variant, mixed and undifferentiated. When compared to the mouse the rat showed an earlier differentiation of cells as well as a decrease in the percentage of megakaryocyte colonies. This technic produces results, as far as cloning efficiency and morphology of spleen colonies are concerned, similar to those described in the mouse and rat following X-irradiation. The major advantage of the method is its independence from the requirements of x-ray facilities.
Oxides beyond SiO/sub 2/: strategies to integrate oxides epitaxially with silicon

A methodology is described, based on thermodynamics and oxidation kinetics, for the integration of oxides with silicon with the goal of achieving the desired oxide in close proximity with the underlying silicon substrate.
The role of optics in super computing and data center in a rack

As clustered servers and high-performance computing systems have gotten larger, more powerful, and more dependent on high-performance interconnect, the advantages of optics have grown steadily more compelling. However, there are still many challenging (i.e., interesting) questions to be answered regarding exactly what types of optics technologies will be most useful, and how they'll be integrated into system designs. Such questions (e.g., VCSELs vs. silicon photonics, multi-mode vs. single-mode, electrical vs. optical switching,...) affect the most basic aspects of optics research and development. This talk will review some of the most advanced current optics deployments in the Power7-775/PERCS “Data Center in a Rack” system, and other high-performance clustered computing systems. It will also review, from the perspective of a computer system designer, how trends in various optical technologies will scale into the Exascale time-frame vs. trends in other technological components of large-scale system design.
Sound generation in the searobin (Prionotus carolinus), a fish with alternate sonic muscle contraction

The Northern searobin (Prionotus carolinus) contracts its paired sonic muscles alternately rather than simultaneously during sound production. This study describes this phenomenon and examines its effect on sound production by recording sound and EMGs during voluntary and electrically stimulated calls. Sounds produced by a single twitch resulted in a two-part sound representing contraction and relaxation sounds. The relaxation sound of one twitch coincides with the contraction sound of the next twitch of that muscle. Maximum amplitude of evoked sounds occurs between 100 Hz and 140 Hz, approximately half the fundamental frequency of a voluntarily calling fish. The muscle is capable of following electrical stimulation at frequencies of up to 360 Hz. Rapid damping and response over a wide frequency range indicate that the swimbladder is a highly damped, broadly tuned resonator. A consequence of alternate contraction is a 3.3 dB loss in acoustic pressure due to the contraction of a single sonic muscle at a time. This decrease in amplitude is offset by a doubling of fundamental frequency and a constructive interaction between the sides of the bladder, resulting in increased amplitude of each unilaterally produced sound. The alternate contraction of the bilateral sonic muscles represents a novel solution to the inherent trade-off between speed and force of contraction in rapidly contracting sonic muscles.
The ney-allen nebula: an unambiguous example of circumstellar dust emission

Diffraction-limited array images of the Trapezium/Ney Allen infrared nebula have been obtained at six wavelengths between 7.8 and 12.4 microns, including the 9.7 micron silicate feature. Extended emission from warm dust shows significant differences in structure around each of the four Trapezium stars. The most dramatic infrared source is associated with θ 1 Orionis D, where the bright mid-infrared emission is found to be a distinct crescent-shaped ridge or shell, concentric with the O star. This unambiguous relationship between a known type stellar luminosity source and a distinct circumstellar dust cloud of known distance and dimensions provides a unique opportunity to test the predictions of dust grain emission models for circumstellar infrared sources.
On the Interaction Between the Gulf Stream and the New England Seamount Chain

Abstract In the course of numerical simulations with a primitive equation regional model of the Gulf Stream, bottom topography and the New England Seamount Chain (NESC) in particular show significant influence on the variability and the energetics of the Gulf Stream system. The model is an eddy-resolving, coastal ocean model that includes thermohaline dynamics and a second-order turbulence closure scheme to provide vertical mixing coefficients; it is driven at the surface by observed monthly wind stress and heat fluxes. The surface and the deep variabilities obtained from the numerical simulations are in fair agreement with the observed variabilities inferred, for example, from the Geosat altimetry data and from measurements of eddy kinetic energy (EKE). To study how the NESC affects the Gulf Stream dynamics, a control run without the NESC (however, leaving the other topographic features such as the continental shelf and slope intact) is compared to simulation with full bottom topography. According to the...
Co-transcription of 16S and 23S Ribosomal RNA in Escherichia coli

IF rifampicin is added to bacteria, RNA synthesis continues only for a short time, until all RNA molecules nascent at the time of addition of rifampicin are completed1,2. At times between 0 and 60 s after addition of rifampicin, we added3H-uridine to an exponential phase culture of E. coli B at 37° C in order to determine the time at which transcription of the 16S and 23S ribosomal RNA cistrons is completed. After 20 s of rifampicin treatment 16S rRNA can no longer be labelled, and after 60 s, 23S rRNA can no longer be labelled (Fig. 1). (The 30S and 50S ribosomal particles can be separated without ambiguity.) The radioactivity incorporated into 23S rRNA labelled between 40 and 60 s after addition of rifampicin is the same as that of 16S rRNA labelled between 0 and 20 s. The most likely explanation of this result is that 16S and 23S rRNA are co-transcribed in the order 16S (5' end); 23S, at a chain elongation rate of 1,500 nucleotides/20 s or 4,500 nucleotides/ 60 s, which is 75 nucleotides/s (assuming 16S RNA contain 1,500 nucleotides and the (16S + 23S) transcriptional unit to be 4,500 nucleotides long) (Fig. 2). A less likely alternative is that 16S and 23S RNA are transcribed at different elongation rates (75 and 50 nucleotides/s), in which case they can be transcribed independently. The expected curve for 16S-RNA, assuming that 23S and 16S RNA are transcribed independently at a rate of 50 nucleotides/s, is shown in Fig.1 b. (With this assumption, the 23S curve would be the same as the curve observed.) The observed 16S curve is significantly different from this expectation.
Residence time of tropospheric aerosols in association with radioactive nuclides.

Abstract The residence time of atmospheric aerosol particles is a function of various removal processes, such as dry deposition by impaction, diffusion, sedimentation and resuspension as well as wet deposition by rain drops (precipitation scavenging). Estimation of the mean-residence time of atmospheric aerosols could be based on measurements of the activities and ratios of activities of cosmic-ray produced radionuclides, such as 7Be and the radioactive decay products of radon-222 emanated from soil into the atmosphere, such as 210Pb, 210Bi and 210Po. It was found that a mean value of about 8 days could be applied to aerosol particles in the lower atmosphere below precipitation cloud levels as resulted by the application of two different methods, i.e. the 7Be-associated atmospheric aerosols and the radon decay product aerosols at two different locations, i.e. at Thessaloniki, Greece 40°38′N 22°58′E with dry (precipitation free) climate and at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA 35°58′N 84°17′W with high precipitation (wet climate), roughly at similar temperate latitudes, but the first one at East longitude and the other at West longitude, respectively.
The photochemistry of 4-(N-methylanilino)-pent-3-en-2-one

Abstract Low conversion irradiation studies indicate that the cis and trans 3-acetyl-1,2-dimethylindolines are intermediate products in the photosynthetic production of 1,2-dimethylindole from 4-(N-methylanilino)-pent-3-en-2-one.
Pulmonary bull˦ and infection

Summary The relationship between emphysematous bull˦ and pulmonary infection is discussed. Seven cases are described which illustrate the development and regression of bull˦ associated with tuberculous and acute pyogenic infections.
Defects and arsenic distribution in low-temperature-grown GaAs

We have used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and variable energy positron beam spectroscopy (VEPBS) to study the excess arsenic and related defects in GaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy at low temperatures (LT-GaAs). XPS shows about 1.3% excess arsenic in as-grown LT-GaAs and a non-uniform depth profile of arsenic concentration in the annealed LT-GaAs. From the S parameter, we obtain a non-uniform depth profile of defects in annealed LT-GaAs. From similarity between depth profiles of the S parameter and As concentration, we conclude that the positrons are trapped in vacancy complexes associated with arsenic clusters in the annealed LT-GaAs.
Noise and specific detectivity measurements on high-temperature superconducting transition-edge bolometers

The effects of thermal fluctuation noise in thermal detectors can be lessened by reducing heat capacity and thermal conductance. An attempt to accomplish this with the YBa2Cu3O(7-x) (YBCO) bolometer by making YBCO resistors on thermally isolated membranes is reported. The spectral power of the electrical noise of YBCO films on SrTiO3, bulk silicon with a buffer layer, and in thin dielectric membranes is measured. It is found that 1/f noise predominates in polycrystalline YBCO films on silicon-based substrates. Films on SrTiO3 with good electrical properties are dominated by thermal fluctuation noise, just as in the case of low-temperature superconductors. The implications of these findings for bolometer are addressed. The specific detectivity of a bolometric pixel made on bulk SrTiO3 is reported.© (1990) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
First Report of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus in Tomato in South Georgia

In October 1998, symptoms characteristic of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) were observed on fresh market tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in four production fields, two in Decatur Coun...
Mineral Named After Nobel Physicist

A mineral said to be the most abundant on Earth now has a name—bridgmanite—after Percy Bridgman, the 1946 Nobel Prize winner in physics.
Diagnosis of isovaleric acidemia in cultured fibroblasts.

Abstract Radioactive CO2 production from [2-14C] dl -leucine by fibroblasts derived from three patients with isovaleric acidemia was found to be markedly deficient. Prenatal diagnosis of this disorder is potentially possible.
Applications of boundary-preserving seismic tomography for delineating reservoir boundaries and zones of CO2 saturation

ABSTRACTDelineating reservoir units is still a challenge for seismic approaches. Even high-resolution crosswell tomographic approaches that produce smooth velocity models to match traveltime data usually provide limited information about the boundaries of subsurface targets. A recent development of seismic traveltime tomography incorporated with a boundary-preserving regularization constraint promisingly helps to resolve ambiguities in reservoir boundaries, while allowing lateral variations. We applied a kind of boundary-preserving traveltime tomography to delineate boundaries of the reservoir and CO2-saturated zones. We chose the minimum gradient support as the regularization to preserve boundaries of the geologic target by penalizing smaller model gradients and smoothing small model variations caused by noise. We evaluated several synthetic and real data applications. Synthetic examples demonstrated that the boundary-preserving algorithm produced improved recovery of the profile shape and velocity value...
Developmental Delay in Normal Gastric Wave Pattern Formation in Neonates Measured by Electrogastrography

Developmental Delay in Normal Gastric Wave Pattern Formation in Neonates Measured by Electrogastrography
Myoglobin-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in the Setting of Ciprofloxacin Administration

Myoglobin-associated kidney injury typically is seen in severe rhabdomyolysis. Nontraumatic rhabdomyolysis may be triggered by direct drug toxicity, drug-drug interactions, and individual patient myopathic risk factors. We present a case of myoglobin-associated kidney failure in the setting of repeated ciprofloxacin administration in a lung transplant patient. Kidney biopsy was critical to establishing the diagnosis and avoiding future exposure.
The effect of the postnatal environment on altered fetal programming of adult vascular function in mice that lack endothelial nitric oxide synthase.

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate vascular reactivity in heterozygous and homozygous offspring with a genetic predisposition for hypertension after postnatal cross-fostering to mothers with the opposite genetic inheritance of the NOS3 knockout allele. Study Design Homozygous NOS3 knockout (C57BL/6J-NOS3 −/−KO ) and wild-type mice (NOS3 +/+WT ) were bred to obtain heterozygous litters with a paternally derived (NOS3 +/−pat ) or maternally derived (NOS3 +/−mat ) knockout allele. After delivery, heterozygous and homozygous litters were cross-fostered to a mother with the opposite NOS3 gene status. Carotid arteries were placed in a wire myograph for isometric tension recording with the use of contractile and relaxant agents. Statistical analysis with 1-way analysis of variance and Neuman-Keuls post-hoc testing was performed. Results Increased sensitivity to phenylephrine and absent relaxation to acetylcholine in NOS3 +/−mat was reversed with cross-fostering, and vasorelaxation to isoproterenol was increased. Contraction to calcium was increased in the cross-fostered paternally derived and wild-type litters. Conclusion Postnatal interventions may alter the adult vascular profile favorably that is the result of an abnormal intrauterine environment.
History and Spectroscopy of EXor Candidates

The EXors are T Tauri stars (TTSs) that occasionally flare up from minimum light, apparently as the result of a massive infall of circumstellar material. The prototype, EX Lupi, is the only example that has been examined spectroscopically in any detail, so this paper surveys what can be gleaned from the literature about five candidate EXors, and describes new observations. The aim is to clarify the nature of these objects, and to determine whether they bear a convincing resemblance to EX Lup itself. The spectroscopy was carried out with the HIRES spectrograph (R = 48,000) at the Keck I telescope between 2004 and 2007. Three of the stars examined are in or near the Orion Nebula (NY, V1118, and V1143 Ori), while V1184 Tau is in the molecular cloud CB34, and V350 Cep is at the edge of the young cluster NGC 7129. The spectrograms were obtained at random times, and there was no coordinated photometry, but it was possible to conclude that the three Orion stars can be considered conventional EXors. At minimum light, they resemble K- or early M-type dwarfs plus a T Tauri-like emission spectrum, but no spectral characteristic was found that set them aside from ordinary TTSs. Such a signature might be found in deep-infrared (IR) photometry, but they do not stand out at 2 μm. Several interesting spectroscopic phenomena were observed, however, notably the appearance of the Li I λ6707 line in emission in V1118 Ori near maximum, and the detection of simultaneous infall and outflow at the Na I D12 lines in several EXors (although that has also been reported in several Classical TTSs). V1184 Tau is not an EXor: it is unclear if its activity is repetitive. Nor is V350 Cep: after recovering from a deep minimum about 1975, it has since remained near maximum for nearly three decades.
Ruthenium Tris(bipyridine)-Centered Linear and Star-Shaped Polystyrenes: Making Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and Metal Complex Initiators Compatible

The ligand derivative, 4,4‘-bis(chloromethyl)-2,2‘-bipyridine (bpy(CH2Cl)2), and Ru(II) complexes with 2, 4, or 6 pendant halomethyl groups were employed as initiators in the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene to produce linear and star polymers with ligands and chromophores at discrete positions in the polymer architectures. With the metalloinitiators, [Ru(bpy)n{bpy(CH2Cl)2}3-n](PF6)2 (n = 0, 1, 2), styrene polymerizations were run in bulk monomer, as well as in the presence of small amounts of anisole (14% v/v vs styrene), employing either CuCl/2bpy(C13H27)2 or CuBr/1,1,4,7,10,10-hexamethyltriethylenetetraamine (HMTETA) as the ATRP catalyst. Kinetics experiments were performed to determine the level of molecular weight control that is attainable in these polymerizations. With the former catalyst and when anisole is added, reactions exhibited increased control for the metalloinitiators and ligand initiators. Since the dicationic metalloinitiators exhibited limited solubility, which co...
With Patient-reported Health Changing, Is It Time to Retool Our Instruments?

Change is inevitable, and prostate cancer (PCa) has seen its fair share. Once typified by urinary retention and bone pain, the most common malignancy in men has been recast multiple times over the past century, as an incurable disease; as one requiring aggressive treatment; and as, in some respects, a ‘‘less is more’’ entity. Through these paradigm shifts, quality of life (QoL) has gained equal footing with cancer cure for many providers and patients. For our part, urologists have sought out less burdensome treatments, initially with minimally invasive surgery and now with active surveillance for men with insignificant cancer. As thewherewithal needed tomanagemenwith PCa has evolved, what have we learned of patients’ vitality as it relates to this disease? To begin exploring this question, Resnick et al examined whether baseline self-reported health among men diagnosed with PCa has changed over time [1]. In this month’s issue of European Urology, the authors compared initial urinary and sexual QoL scores—obtained or recalled prior to treatment—between two population-based cohorts. The authors found greater baseline dysfunction among more contemporary patients (participating in the Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of Surgery and Radiation [CEASAR] study) compared with men evaluated decades earlier as part of the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study (PCOS), even when controlling for differences in age, comorbidity, and socioeconomic status, among several other factors. As discussed by Resnick et al [1], these findings may reflect several ongoing trends in the health care landscape.
A Phenomenological Exploration of Children's Experiences in a Social Skills Group

This phenomenological study explored the perspectives of 6 children who participated in a social skills group. The children were identified as having significant social skills delays and 4 of the children had a disorder on the autism spectrum. Seven themes emerged: mutual acceptance and support, improved interpersonal skills, positive feelings about the group experience, understanding others’ perspectives, improved ability to manage and express emotions, learning and practicing specific skills, and areas of improvement outside the group. Implications for group leaders and future research are discussed.
Kiddie-Infant Descriptive Instrument for Emotional States (KIDIES): Use in Children with Developmental Disorders

The Kiddie-Infant Descriptive Instrument for Emotional States (KIDIES) was used to overcome the limitations of microanalytic facial observations and subjective assessments in the diagnosis of childhood developmental disorders. The KIDIES quantifies eight behavioral and eight affective dimensions by evaluating facial, vocal, gestural, and postural displays. In a sample of 42 subjects, KIDIES ratings distinguished between children with pervasive developmental disorder and a comparison group with mixed developmental diagnoses, and demonstrated sensitivity to emotional changes as a result of environmental shift. The results suggest that the KIDIES has potential as a reliable instrument for evaluating emotional and behavioral patterns in young developmentally disordered children.
The phenomenological theory of composite martensite part I—The {hhl} habit in steels

Abstract Recently Lieberman and Bullough reported the development of a theory of martensite which appears to account satisfactorily for the ‘225’ habit in steels, a transformation which has frustrated analysis by the Wechsler-Lieberman-Read and Bowles-Mackenzie phenomenological theories and the equivalent Bullough-Bilby surface dislocation treatment. These theories, which have been so remarkably successful in describing the ‘259’ habit in steels as well as transformations in several nonferrous systems, have been conspiciously unable to account for this ‘225’ type habit even when modified by different systems of invariant plane strain or isotropic—or even anisotropic—distortion in the interface. The new theory incorporates the physical ideas deduced from the observations that martensite plates exhibiting this type of habit are composite , i.e. they consist of twinned and untwinned regions. In this paper the concepts of composite martensite formation are first discussed briefly and then a phenomenological formulation of the theory is developed and applied to a steel for which a { hhl} A habit has been reported. A considerable simplification of the physics and mathematical analysis of composite martensite is effected by a different factorization of the transformation distortion than that of the original L-B theory. Analysis by both the graphical method employed by Lieberman suitably modified to include the additional operations implicit in the model of composite martensite and by computer program are delineated. The discrepancey between the predicted plane of zero average distortion and the experimentally determined habit plane is less than 1° and the calculations of the other crystallographic features are also in general agreement with experiment. When the plates are completely twinned, the general L-B theory, a limiting case of which is considered here, reduces to the original W-L-R treatment for martensite exhibiting the ‘259’ habit and hence, includes it also as a limiting case.
Anti-galactose-α(1,3) galactose antibody production in α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene knockout mice after xeno and allo transplantation

Antibodies (Abs) that mediate the hyperacute rejection and acute vascular rejection/delayed xenograft rejection of pig organs in humans and Old World primates are predominantly directed at a single carbohydrate epitope, galactose-alpha1,3-galactose (alpha1,3Gal). The T-cell dependence of elicited anti-alpha1,3Gal Ab responses in humans and Old World primates is controversial. In this study we have characterized anti-alpha1,3Gal Ab production in mice with disrupted alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase genes (GT-Ko mice) and determined the T-cell dependence of anti-alpha1,3Gal Ab responses, following xenograft and allograft transplantation. GT-Ko mice produce natural anti-alpha1,3Gal IgM and IgG in an age-dependent manner, however, these Abs could not elicit hyperacute rejection nor affect the rate of cardiac xenograft (3-5 days) or allograft rejection (7-9 days). Transplantation of xenogeneic Lewis rats hearts elicited modest anti-alpha1,3Gal Ab, but vigorous xenoAb responses. The anti-alpha1,3Gal Ab response was restricted to the IgM and IgG3 subclass while the xenoAb response comprised IgM and all four IgG subclasses. Transplantation of allogeneic C3H hearts elicited weak anti-alpha1,3Gal Ab responses that were primarily IgM, but vigorous alloAb responses. Despite the restriction of elicited anti-alpha 1,3Gal Ab responses to the IgM and IgG3 isotypes, these responses are T-cell dependent. The ability of allografts to elicit weak anti-alpha1,3Gal but strong allo-Ab responses, can be explained by the dependence of alpha1,3Gal-specific B cells on cognate help from T cells.
A synthesis of the welwistatin core.

An approach to the core structure of the microtubule-targeting agent welwistatin is described. The approach utilizes the type 2 intramolecular Diels−Alder reaction, with indole serving as the tether between diene and dienophile, to form the natural product's characteristic bicyclo[4.3.1]decane skeleton.
Mechanical and physicochemical regulation of the action of insulin-like growth factor-I on articular cartilage.

The development and maintenance of healthy joints is a complex process involving many physical and biological stimuli. This study investigates the interaction between insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and static mechanical compression in the regulation of articular cartilage metabolism. Bovine cartilage explants were treated with concentrations of IGF-I from 0 to 300 ng/ml in the presence or absence of 0-50% static compression, and the transient and steady-state incorporation of [(3)H]proline and [(35)S]sulfate into matrix components were measured. In parallel studies, cartilage explants were treated with 0-300 ng/ml IGF-I at media pH ranging from 6.4 to 7.2 and the steady-state incorporation of [(3)H]proline and [(35)S]sulfate was measured. The effect of 50% static compression on IGF-I transport was determined by measuring the uptake of (125)I-labeled IGF-I into cartilage explants. Static compression decreased both [(3)H]proline and [(35)S]sulfate incorporation in a dose-dependent manner in the presence or absence of IGF-I. IGF-I increased [(3)H]proline and [(35)S]sulfate incorporation in a dose-dependent manner in the presence or absence of compression, but the anabolic effect of the growth factor was lessened when the tissue was compressed by 50%. The response of cartilage explants to IGF-I was similarly lessened in unstrained tissue cultured in media at pH 6.4, a condition which results in a similar intratissue pH to that when cartilage is compressed by 50%. The characteristic time constant (tau) for IGF-I stimulation of cartilage explants was approximately 24 h, while tau for inhibition of biosynthesis by static compression was approximately 2 h. Samples which were both compressed and treated with IGF-I demonstrated an initial decrease in biosynthetic activity at 2 h, followed by an increase at 24 h. Static compression did not alter tau for (125)I-labeled IGF-I transport into cartilage but decreased the concentration of (125)I-labeled IGF-I in the tissue at equilibrium.
The Incorporation Of Multiple Bases Into Shift‐Share Analysis

This paper expands the shift-share technique by developing a methodology for selecting and including both primary- and secondary-base economies in the shift-share model. This is useful when the shift-share technique is applied to subregional economies, whose economic growth is typically tied to the economies of both the state and the nation. The expanded methodology is illustrated with data from the Lowell, Massachusetts, Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area (PMSA).
Do glucocorticoids induce adrenergic differentiation in adrenal cells of neural crest origin

The chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla originate in the neural crest and migrate to populate the emerging adrenal gland. When differentiated, the adrenal medulla is formed by two populations of cells: the norepinephrine (NE) cells, which contain the first 3 enzymes of the catecholamine pathway, and the epinephrine (Epi) cells, which contain all 4 enzymes. It has been suggested that in rat, the last enzyme, phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT), appears in NE cells that are exposed to very high levels of fetal glucocorticoids (GCs), such as those present in the adrenal gland. If so, PNMT would appear during development after the initiation of fetal GC synthesis by the adrenal cortex at E18. In this study we examined the time of appearance and the relative level of PNMT mRNA and protein in rat embryos. We found (a) PNMT protein and mRNA are present at E16. Moreover, (b) the proportion of NE and Epi cells is already similar to that of adults and (c) the adult proportion of steady-state PNMT mRNA is also achieved prior to E18. We conclude that the appearance of PNMT is not affected by the surge of fetal GCs. Questions are raised as to the identity of the cues, genetic and/or epigenetic, which determine the differentiation of NE and Epi cells in the adrenal gland.
Metal Alteration of Uroporphyrinogen Decarboxylase and Coproporphyrinogen Oxidase

Both UD and CO are susceptible to alteration by sulfhydryl-directed binding agents including a variety of trace metals. UD apparently requires a functional SH group or groups for catalytic activity, and the various steps of decarboxylation catalyzed by the enzyme can be differentially inhibited by divalent cations such as Hg2+ at very low concentrations. There is evidence that tissue-specific factors such as the endogenous GSH concentration may influence the susceptibility of UD in some tissues to metal inhibition, and this circumstance could be highly relevant to the etiology of porphyrinopathies or porphyrinurias that arise during prolonged metal exposures. CO does not appear to have a requirement for functional SH groups at the active site, but several SH groups on the enzyme appear to be involved in maintaining the protein's noncovalent structural characteristics. CO appears to be substantially more readily inhibited by metals in vivo than in vitro. This observation may reflect effects of metals on both the structural integrity of the enzyme is functionally associated in the intact cell. Finally, it seems reasonable to suggest that tissues, such as the kidney, that ordinarily contribute only sparingly to total excreted porphyrin levels may assume increased importance in this regard when challenged by specific porphyrinogenic chemicals such as trace metals. Advantage might be taken of such chemical- and organ-specific changes in porphyrin metabolism and porphyrin excretion patterns in monitoring prolonged, subclinical exposure to such chemicals in human populations.
Facile liquid chromatographic enantioresolution of native amino acids and peptides using a teicoplanin chiral stationary phase

The glycopeptide antibiotic teicoplanin is shown to be a highly effective stationary phase chiral selector for the resolution of underivatized amino-acid and imino-acid enantiomers. Fifty four of these compounds (including all chiral protein amino acids) as well as a number of dipeptides were resolved. Hydro-organic mobile phases are used and no buffers or added salts are needed in most cases. Hence the purified analytes are easily isolated in pure form, if needed, by evaporating of the solvent. The effect of pH, organic modifier type and amount are discussed. The enantioselective separation mechanism is examined using both molecular modeling and retention data. The strongest stereoselective interaction is for carboxy-terminated D-amino-acids. In case of peptides, it is not necessary for these to be a D-, D-, terminal sequence for strong interactions. In some cases, including Ala-Ala, the L-, D-, terminal sequence showed greater interaction with the teicoplanin chiral stationary phase.
Tortella inclinata New to New York State

Abstract. Tortella inclinata (R. Hedw.) Limpr. is newly reported from New York State from a nature preserve in Dutchess County. It was growing on calcareous sands. In close association was Ditrichum flexicaule (Schwagr.) Hampe, a moss considered rare in the state.
Gigahertz Dynamics of a Strongly Driven Single Quantum Spin

Two-level systems are at the core of numerous real-world technologies such as magnetic resonance imaging and atomic clocks. Coherent control of the state is achieved with an oscillating field that drives dynamics at a rate determined by its amplitude. As the strength of the field is increased, a different regime emerges where linear scaling of the manipulation rate breaks down and complex dynamics are expected. By calibrating the spin rotation with an adiabatic passage, we have measured the room-temperature "strong-driving" dynamics of a single nitrogen vacancy center in diamond. With an adiabatic passage to calibrate the spin rotation, we observed dynamics on sub-nanosecond time scales. Contrary to conventional thinking, this breakdown of the rotating wave approximation provides opportunities for time-optimal quantum control of a single spin.
Should all diabetic patients take ACE inhibitors, even those without proteinuria?

To give ACE inhibitors to all diabetic patients would be premature, but these agents have clear indications in some patients.
Complications of ventriculosubgaleal shunts in infants and children.

Introduction The ventriculosubgaleal shunt has been used for the temporary bypass of the normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways. To date, a large series of complications from this procedure has not been elaborated upon in the literature.
Interpreting A Misinterpretation: Ludwig Binswanger and Martin Heidegger

Etude de la relation personnelle et theorique entre Heidegger et Binswanger a travers la lecture de la correspondance entre les deux penseurs. Au-dela de la critique publique adressee par Heidegger au psychiatre suisse lors du seminaire de Zollikon en novembre 1965, l'A. revise l'interpretation psychologique de la philosophie heideggerienne developpee par Binswanger en termes d'analyse existentielle du Dasein. Soulignant le lien entre psychiatrie, psychanalyse et philosophie dans le cadre de son approche de l'existence totale de la nature humaine, Binswanger insiste sur la notion d'intersubjectivite dans un sens qui le rapproche plus de l'anthropologie que de l'ontologie fondamentale, tandis que Heidegger se rapproche de l'analyse de la pensee et du langage d'un autre psychiatre suisse, M. Boss
Oilseed phytates: Nutritional implications

The protein quantity and quality, caloric value, and overall nutrient content of oilseeds are quite good. However, oilseeds are high in phytic acid and contain fiber and perhaps other binding agents which reduce mineral bioavailability from the seeds. Phytic acid, the hexaphosphate of myoinositol, functions as the chief storage form of phosphate and inositol in mature seeds. On a dry basis, whole oilseeds contain about 1.5% while some oilseed protein concentrates can contain over 7.0% of the compound. Phytic acid is a strong chelating agent that can bind mono- and divalent metal ions to form the complex phytate. Published results from numerous animal feeding trials suggest poor bioavailability of minerals such as zinc, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and possibly iron from diets containing high phytate foods. Recent studies involving the feeding of soy products to rats suggest that zinc is the mineral of most concern as its bioavailability from some soy products is quite low. Prediction of mineral bioavailability from phytate-containing foods is complicated by the complex interactions between the minerals and phytic acid contained in the foods, intestinal and the meal phytase activities, previous food processing conditions (especially pH), digestibility of the foods as well as the physiological status of the consumer of the foods. Very little is known about the chemistry of such interactions. Therefore, most of the emphasis in controlling or reducing mineral binding in oilseed products has been placed upon development of methodology for phytate removal.
Experiments on the Nature of the Prothrombin‐Converting Principle: Alteration of Proaccelerin Thrombin

SUMMARY An incubation mixture of activated Stuart factor, calcium, phospholipid and proaccelerin caused the generation of thrombin from prothrombin. The activity of this prothrombin- converting principle was measured by the rate at which it converted prothrombin to thrombin. In the absence of thrombin in the incubation mixture, a lag phase, following addition of the prothrombin-converting principle to prothrombin, was observed before thrombin formation occurred. But when a trace of thrombin was added to the incubation mixture, it converted the principle into an active form, causing the immediate formation of thrombin from prothrombin without any delay. It was demonstrated that thrombin had this action upon the prothrombin-converting principle by changing proaccelerin into a more active form. Thrombin-treated proaccelerin would not convert prothrombin to thrombin in the absence of activated Stuart factor, indicating that it is not, by itself, the prothrombin-converting principle. By purification of the thrombin preparation, and the use of hirudin, it was shown that the action of thrombin on proaccelerin was due to thrombin itself and not to activated Stuart factor or other contaminating substances in the thrombin preparation.
Thermoelectric Enzyme Sensor for Measuring Blood Glucose

A new calorimetric sensor has been developed which employs a thin-film thermopile in association with an immobilized enzyme. The thermopile detects the minute temperature rise that occurs when a specific chemical substrate is catalyzed by the enzyme. A prototype sensor is described which generates an equivalent proportional voltage response to glucose concentrations present in either buffer solution or blood. These sensors have remained useful for up to 18 days when operated intermittently for measuring glucose in buffer solutions, or for up to 4 days when operated continuously. When implanted inside cardiovascular shunts on anesthetized dogs, the sensors responded appropriately to changes in the blood glucose concentration.
A comparison of verbal fluency tasks in schizophrenic patients and normal controls

Previous studies have reported significant impairment on verbal fluency tasks (semantic and letter) among schizophrenic subjects. However, the possibility of specific categorical deficits has not been adequately investigated. Nor have the effects of task duration, the stability between testing sessions, and the relationship between intelligence and performance on fluency been thoroughly studied. We performed a series of 3 min fluency tasks (semantic/syntactic and letter) to determine whether duration specific or category-specific differences exist between schizophrenic subjects and normal controls. Each subject was tested at three different times as a means of estimating word pool and assessing the stability of fluency output. Subjects were asked to generate exemplars from each of four semantic/syntactic categories (animals, tools, common nouns and verbs) and three letters (G, E and T). Data from 13 schizophrenic subjects and 15 sex-, age- and pre-morbid-IQ-matched control subjects revealed that patients' overall performance on both the semantic and letter fluency tasks was impaired. While differential impairment on specific semantic categories was noted between groups, no differential effects relating to task duration or testing session were present. Further, by comparing the number of novel words produced in the three testing sessions, we found the groups to be equivalent, a finding we take to suggest that schizophrenic patients' lexicon is intact. Covarying current IQ eliminated the group difference robustly for letter fluency, while only marginally for semantic fluency. Our data revealed the presence of impairment in semantic and letter fluency tasks in schizophrenic patients consistent with previous reports, and also that patients were differentially impaired on semantic categories.
An introduction to the clinton health plan

This plan summarizes the Clinton health plan as an introduction to the subsequent panel discussion by Mark Pauly and George Fisher. The Clinton plan is described in terms of five characteristics: universal, standardized, community-rated, managed, and expensive. The plan would also have some complex effects on the labor market.
Origin of fault domains and fault-domain boundaries (transfer zones and accommodation zones) in extensional provinces: Result of random nucleation and self-organized fault growth

Abstract In many extensional provinces, large normal faults dip in the same direction forming fault domains. Features variously named transfer faults, transfer zones, and accommodation zones (hereafter non-genetically referred to as fault-domain boundaries) separate adjacent fault domains. Experimental modeling of distributed extension provides insights on the origin, geometry, and evolution of these fault domains and fault-domain boundaries. In our scaled models, a homogeneous layer of wet clay or dry sand overlies a latex sheet that is stretched orthogonally or obliquely between two rigid sheets. Fault domains and fault-domain boundaries develop in all models in both map view and cross-section. The number, size, and arrangement of fault domains as well as the number and orientation of fault-domain boundaries are variable, even for models with identical boundary conditions. The fault-domain boundaries in our models differ profoundly from those in many published conceptual models of transfer/accommodation zones. In our models, fault-domain boundaries are broad zones of deformation (not discrete strike-slip or oblique-slip faults), their orientations are not systematically related to the extension direction, and they can form spontaneously without any prescribed pre-existing zones of weakness. We propose that fault domains develop because early-formed faults perturb the stress field, causing new nearby faults to dip in the same direction (self-organized growth). As extension continues, faults from adjacent fault domains propagate toward each another. Because opposite-dipping faults interfere with one another in the zone of overlap, the faults stop propagating. In this case, the geometry of the domain boundaries depends on the spatial arrangement of the earliest formed faults, a result of the random distribution of the largest flaws at which the faults nucleate.
CT Diagnosis of ileal diverticulitis

The preoperative diagnosis of ileal diverticulitis has been reported during small-bowel series when inflammatory changes are associated with ileal diverticula. Previous CT reports of this entity have failed to establish the specific diagnosis preoperatively. We report the CT findings in a patient with right lower quadrant pain that enabled the specific diagnosis of ileal diverticulitis to be made.
Polypeptide inhibitors of DNA synthesis and cellular proliferation produced by cultured BRL-3A rat liver cells.

Abstract Variants of the NIL8 hamster cell line have been isolated by a procedure that selects against cells that incorporate [ 3 H]thymidine into DNA in response to stimulation with multiplication-stimulating activity (MSA, an insulin-like growth factor produced by cultured BRL-3A rat liver cells). Some of the variant clones proved to be hypersensitive to two inhibitors of [ 3 H]thymidine incorporation that were present in partially purified MSA preparations. The inhibitors have been found to be heat-labile polypeptides. The inhibitors copurify with MSA through ion exchange chromatography on Dowex 50, but are separable from MSA by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75. One of these factors (IN I) has been shown to inhibit DNA synthesis (as determined by autoradiography) and proliferation of the variant cells. Among several other rodent tumor cell lines tested for sensitivity to inhibition by INI, Reuber H-35 rat hepatoma cells and HSV-transformed hamster fibroblasts were not inhibited by the factor, whereas PG19 mouse melanoma cells were slightly inhibited.
Enhancement of system performance by component interaction in wood framing subassemblies

Abstract Wood frame subassemblies, such as joist floors, stud walls, roof diaphragms and shear walls, include many components incompletely connected by fasteners and/or elastomeric glues. Their performance differs greatly from that of a single member. Although conceptual simple and easy to construct, these subassemblies are difficult to analyze even when component variabilities ar not considered. The current state of analysis techniques for these partially composite subassemblies and the limited ways their systems behaviors are included in design are reviewed. Component variabilities and other conditions of realistic wood frame subassemblies are noted, followed by some simulation results, observations on system strength, and research needs.
Torsion products of Abelian p-groups

Abstract Two nonisomorphic Abelian p -groups, A and A ′, are constructed such that A and A ′ are p ω + 1 -projective and Tor( A , G ) is isomorphic to Tor( A ′, G ) for all reduced p -groups G .
A STUDY OF THE USE OF RADIOACTIVE GALLIUM IN MEDICINE

Excerpt I. INTRODUCTION This study was initiated to determine whether or not radioactive gallium would prove to be of value as a method for radio-isotope tracer studies and/or as a therapeutic meas...
An algorithm for the numerical inversion of Laplace transforms

A new algorithm for the numerical inversion of Laplace transforms is presented. The algorithm requires that transform values F(z) are available at arbitrary points in the complex z plane. It involves the approximation of the exponential function est in the inversion integral by a two-parameter function. The approximated inversion integral is then expanded into two different infinite series: (i) partial fraction expansion by the Mittag-Leffler theorem; (ii) power series expansion in est. In the numerical procedures, the summing of the infinite series are accelerated by a Wynn's type of in -algorithm. Trial runs on several test functions show that the results are highly accurate. The programming effort for the algorithm is minimal in comparison with other algorithms of comparable accuracy. The computation involves only a finite small number of function evaluations of the transform function. The method is believed to work for a wider range of functions since the algorithm does not make any assumption on representing f(t) by a linear combination of a certain class of basis functions.
Rhetoric and narcissism: A critique of ideological Selfism

In a hermeneutically based philosophic reflection, an attempt is made to define narcissism as pathological communication. The concept of narcissism is distinguished from egoism or individualistic social tendencies with which it is often confused. Narrow perspectives on narcissistic experience, taken up by psychoanalysis, are shown to perpetuate a prevailing ideology of narcissistic culture. The rhetorical roots of an either/or mentality promulgated in the literature are found to promote self‐assertion. A redefinition of narcissism as pathological communication is argued to be more heuristic than previous conceptions of the term. Questions are raised suggesting directions for further research in the speech communication discipline.
Early intervention with short courses of prednisone to prevent progression of asthma in ambulatory patients incompletely responsive to bronchodilators

The effect of high orally administered doses of prednisone for 1 week early in the course of an acute exacerbation of asthma incompletely responsive to bronchodilators was examined in 41 patients randomly assigned to receive either prednisone or an identical appearing placebo. All 22 of the patients who received prednisone improved during the week of treatment, although one had a subsequent exacerbation 5 days after discontinuing the study medication. Of the 19 who received placebo, eight required rescue intervention (P=