cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Impact of Previous Bacille Calmette-Guérin Failure Pattern on Subsequent Response to Bacille Calmette-Guérin Plus Interferon Intravesical Therapy

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of the bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) failure pattern in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer on the subsequent response to intravesical immunotherapy. METHODS Data from the national Phase II multicenter trial for BCG plus interferon-alpha intravesical therapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer were analyzed. The cancer-free rates for BCG-naive (BCG-N) and BCG-failure (BCG-F) patients with different failure patterns were compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS At a median follow-up of 24 months, the BCG-N and BCG-F patients had a cancer-free rate of 59% and 45%, respectively. The BCG-F patients with immediate recurrence (refractory disease), within 6, 6 to 12, 12 to 24, and longer than 24 months had a cancer-free rate of 34%, 41%, 43%, 53%, and 66%, respectively (P = 0.005 for trend). No statistically significant difference was found in the cancer-free rates between patients with failure after 12 months and those with failure after 24 months or between BCG-N patients and those with failure after 12 and 24 months. A multivariate analysis of patients with failure after 12 months revealed that the number of previous courses of BCG did not significantly affect the treatment response. CONCLUSIONS Patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer with disease recurrence more than 1 year after BCG treatment and who were treated with low-dose BCG plus interferon-alpha had response rates similar to those of BCG-N patients treated with regular-dose BCG plus interferon. Although cystectomy should still be strongly considered, these patients might benefit from another trial with intravesical immunotherapy. In contrast, recurrence within 1 year of BCG treatment should lead to consideration of either cystectomy or alternative intravesical therapies.
Lactose hydrolysis by immobilized β‐galactosidase in capillary bed reactor

The hydrolysis of lactose by immobilized beta-galactosidase was studied in a continuous-flow capillary bed reactor operating at 30 degrees C. Solutions containing 50, 100, and 150 g lactose and 0.5 g sodium acetate/L were fed to the reactor. Lactose conversions ranging from 24% to greater than 99% were achieved at reactor space times ranging from 0.06 to 6.3 min. These conversion data were successfully modeled in terms of a plug flow reactor model and a form of Michaelis-Menten kinetics which included competitive inhibition by both the alpha and beta forms of galactose.
Thousand-fold scale-up of the oil-air interface in fluid dynamic bearings of hard disk drives

The aim of the 1000x scale up experiment was to afford easy viewing of the capillary hydrodynamics of the oil-air interface (OAI). OAI dynamics of the actual 1000x scale-up conditions were computed using volume of fluid (VOF)-based numerical code. Result shows that at the design speed, and with the strongly stabilizing effect of gravity, no air ingestion occurred.
Distances to the subacromial bursa from 3 different injection sites as measured arthroscopically.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the distance for a standard needle to reach the subacromial bursa through 3 commonly used approaches. Methods: Thirty patients without associated rotator cuff tears underwent arthroscopic evaluation of the shoulder. The bursa was entered without shaving or altering of the bursa. By use of standard arthroscopic portals, a spinal needle was inserted from an anterior, lateral, and posterior position and measured to define the distance to the subacromial bursa from the skin. Results: The mean distance with anterior needle placement was 2.9 ± 0.6 cm. The mean distance with lateral needle placement was 2.9 ± 0.7 cm. The mean distance with posterior needle placement was 5.2 ± 1.1 cm. The mean body mass index for the group of patients was 27.5. The minimum was 18.7, and the maximum was 42.8. Conclusions: The distance to the subacromial bursa from the anterior and lateral approaches appears to be consistent and within reach of a standard 22- or 25-gauge needle. The distance to the subacromial bursa from a posterior approach appears to be almost double that of the anterior and lateral approaches and may not be reachable by standard 22- and 25-gauge needles in all patients. There appears to be no correlation between distances to the subacromial bursa from the anterior, lateral, or posterior approaches and the patient's body mass index. Clinical Relevance: Given the relative distances measured to the subacromial bursa from the anterior, lateral, and posterior positions, clinicians may choose a longer needle to improve the accuracy of placement when approaching the subacromial bursa from a posterior position. Use of a standard-length needle will provide reasonable accuracy from the anterior and lateral positions.
A retrospective study of the psychiatric management and outcome of delirium in the cancer patient

This report describes the evaluation and treatment of delirium in the cancer patient in a major comprehensive cancer center. Ninety consecutive cases of delirium seen by the inpatient psychiatry consultation/liaison service were analyzed in a retrospective fashion to evaluate demographic information, alcohol use, central nervous system disease, coexisting medical disease, and past psychiatric history. Delirium cases were divided into hyperalert, hypoalert, and mixed subtypes. For these three subtypes, medication profiles including dose of medication, duration of delirium, outcome, and the venue where the delirium began were also evaluated. The hyperalert subtype of delirium was the commonest type observed (71%) and had the shortest duration (P <0.0001) and best outcome (P <0.001). The patients with a hyperalert delirium subtype were treated with the least amount of haloperidol (P <0.0001). Patients were delirious for longer when the delirium began in the intensivecare units (P < 0.04). In general, patients who received no haloperidol experienced delirium of longer duration (P < 0.02) than those receiving haloperidol. Since the data represent patients who were referred for psychiatric treatment, this may explain the increased number of hyperalert deliriums and, therefore, the generalizability of the results is limited. Delirium in the cancer patient is particularly problematic given the coexisting medical problems these patients experience. Because the outcome of delirium is better when the duration is shorter, it is important for clinicians to be sensitive to early symptoms so that treatment can be implemented faster, leading to less morbidity and mortality.
Nicotine dependence and psychiatric disorders in the United States: results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions

Background No information is available on the co-occurrence of DSM-IV nicotine dependence and Axis I and II psychiatric disorders in the US population. Objectives To present national data on the co-occurrence of current DSM-IV nicotine dependence and other psychiatric disorders by sex and to estimate the burden of all US tobacco consumption carried by nicotine-dependent and psychiatrically ill individuals. Design Face-to-face interviews. Setting The United States. Participants Household and group-quarters adults (N = 43 093). Main Outcome Measures Prevalence and comorbidity of current nicotine dependence and Axis I and II disorders and the percentage of cigarettes consumed in the United States among psychiatrically vulnerable subgroups. Results Among US adults, 12.8% (95% confidence interval, 12.0-13.6) were nicotine dependent. Associations between nicotine dependence and specific Axis I and II disorders were all strong and statistically significant ( P Conclusions Nicotine-dependent and psychiatrically ill individuals consume about 70% of all cigarettes smoked in the United States. The results of this study highlight the importance of focusing smoking cessation efforts on individuals who are nicotine dependent, individuals who have psychiatric disorders, and individuals who have comorbid nicotine dependence and other psychiatric disorders. Further, awareness of industry segmentation strategies can improve smoking cessation efforts of clinicians and other health professionals among all smokers and especially among the most vulnerable.
Effects of inspiratory impedance on hemodynamic responses to a squat-stand test in human volunteers: implications for treatment of orthostatic hypotension.

Recent studies in our laboratory demonstrated that spontaneous breathing through an inspiratory impedance threshold device (ITD) increased heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (Q), and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) in supine human subjects. In this study, we tested the effectiveness of an ITD as a countermeasure against development of orthostatic hypotension, provoked using a squat-to-stand test (SST). Using a prospective, randomized blinded proto- col, 18 healthy, normotensive volunteers (9 males, 9 fe- males) completed two-counterbalanced 6-min SST protocols with and without (sham) an ITD set to open at 0.7 kPa (7-cm H2O) pressure. HR, SV, Q, total periph- eral resistance (TPR), and MAP were assessed nonin- vasively with infrared finger photoplethysmography. Symptoms were recorded on a 5-point scale (1=normal; 5=faint) of subject perceived rating (SPR). The reduc- tion in TPR produced by SST (35±5 %) was not af- fected by the ITD. Reduction in MAP with ITD during the transient phase of the SST (3.6±0.5 kPa or 27±4 mmHg) was less (P=0.03) than that measured while breathing through a sham device (4.8±0.4 kPa or 36±3 mmHg) despite similar (P<0.926) elevations in HR of 15±2 bpm. SV (+2±4 %) and Q (+22±5%) with the ITD were higher (P<0.04) than SV (8±4%) and Q (+10±6 %) without the ITD. SPR was 1.4±0.1 with ITD compared to 2.0±0.2 with the sham device (P<0.04). This reduction in orthostatic symptoms with application of an ITD during the SST was associated with higher MAP, SV and Q. Our results demonstrate the potential application of an ITD as a countermeasure against orthostatic hypotension.
Nonresponse and Online Student Evaluations of Teaching: Understanding the Influence of Salience, Fatigue, and Academic Environments

Technological advances have enabled institutions of higher education to administer course evaluations online, forgoing the traditional paper-and-pencil methods. Consequently, many of these institutions suffer from low response rates, but little research is available on this topic. To increase understanding about course evaluation participation in the online environment, this study examined over 22,000 undergraduates to whom the university administered about 135,000 evaluations. Multilevel models were constructed to analyze the data, and several variables emerged as significant predictors of participation. The results were mostly consistent with previous research and aligned with theories of survey nonresponse. However, the integration of uncommon variables provided new perspectives about course evaluations in particular. Implications for research and practical applications for institutions are also addressed, including ways to combat survey fatigue, increase the salience of the survey, and increase participation in online course evaluations.
Using the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) as a Tool for Helping Social Work Faculty Develop Cultural Competence in the Area of Disability

Abstract This article develops the theme of the importance of viewing disability as a part of cultural diversity. The ADA is offered as a tool for helping social work faculty develop cultural competence in the area of disability. Particular emphasis is placed on affirmative approaches for increasing the number of students with disabilities in social work programs. Teaching social work faculty and support staff about disability etiquette is offered with examples of various disabilities. The article encourages social work programs to offer training on disabilities for faculty and support staff.
Insulin Protection Against Fat Cell Receptor Inactivation by Trypsin

Digestion of white fat cells with 0.25 mg/ml trypsin for 5 min resulted in over 80 % inhibition of the increase in the conversion of glucose to carbon dioxide due to insulin. Incubation of white fat cells with 0.25 U/ml insulin for 1 min prior to treatment with 0.25 mg/ml of trypsin enabled the cells after washing to convert glucose to carbon dioxide in the presence of 0.16 mU/ml insulin to the same extent as control cells. The data suggest that under appropriate conditions insulin can protect the insulin effector system on the fat cell membrane from inactivation by trypsin. (Endocrinology 87: 191, 1970) ALTHOUGH an abundance of data has accumulated describing the many effects of insulin on the regulation of cellular functions, very little is known about the primary interaction of this hormone with the cell surface.
Political and Economic Liberalization in Mexico: At a Critical Juncture?

The Politics of Economic Liberalisation in Mexico, R. Roett. Part 1 The Relationship Between Economic and Political Liberalisation: Political Origins and Effects of Economic Reform in Mexico, L. Rubio Political Liberalisation - the Ultimate Key to Economic Modernisation in Mexico?, R.A. Camp. Part 2 Economic and Political Consequences of Political Liberalisation: Power, Value, and Distribution in a North American Free Trade Agreement, C.W. Reynolds Is Mexico Headed Toward its Fifth Crisis?, M. Basanez Mexico's Second Revolution - Pathways to Liberalisation, M. Delal Baer. Part 3 Perspectives From the Political Parties: Political and Economic Reform in Mexico - the PAN Perspective, L.H. Alvarez The PRD, C. Cardenas Solorzano Why We Won the 1991 Elections - the PRI, L.D. Colosio. Part 4 Closing Perspectives: The Inevitability of Democracy in Mexico, S. Aguayo Quezada Mexican Democracy - You Can't Get There From Here, M. Coppedge.
Developing Performance Management Competence: An Exercise Leveraging Video Technology and Multisource Feedback

The ability to competently manage employee performance is critical for students graduating with degrees in management. This article provides a competency development exercise (CDE) for use in graduate and undergraduate management courses to increase students’ performance management competence. The CDE includes providing employee feedback, disciplining employees, and conducting termination meetings. Procedures and assessment tools are provided for utilizing the exercise in conjunction with video technology and multisource feedback. In addition, guidance is given for adapting and condensing the CDE from 3-6 hr to 30-60 min. Finally, data are presented showing that the exercise significantly affected students’ performance management competence.
Venous thromboembolism in systemic autoimmune diseases: A narrative review with emphasis on primary systemic vasculitides.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a prevalent multifactorial health condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Population-based epidemiological studies have revealed an association between systemic autoimmune diseases and deep venous thrombosis (DVT)/VTE. The etiopathogenesis of increased risk of VTE in systemic autoimmune diseases is not entirely clear but multiple contributors have been explored, especially in the context of systemic inflammation and disordered thrombogenesis. Epidemiologic data on increased risk of VTE in patients with primary systemic vasculitides (PSV) have accumulated in recent years and some of these studies suggest the increased risk while patients have active diseases. This could lead us to hypothesize that venous vascular inflammation has a role to play in this phenomenon, but this is unproven. The role of immunosuppressive agents in modulating the risk of VTE in patients with PSV is not yet clear except for Behcet's disease, where most of the studies are retrospective. Sensitizing physicians to this complication has implications for prevention and optimal management of patients with these complex diseases. This review will focus on the epidemiology and available evidence regarding pathogenesis, and will attempt to summarize the best available data regarding evaluation and treatment of these patients.
Female sex steroids increase adrenomedullin-induced vasodilation by increasing the expression of adrenomedullin2 receptor components in rat mesenteric artery.

Based on the favorable effects of female sex steroids in vascular functions and the potent hypotensive effects of adrenomedullin (AM), we hypothesized that AM-induced vasodilation is gender dependent, and female sex steroids enhance this effect. In endothelium-intact rat mesenteric artery, AM (1 nm–0.3 μm)-induced concentration-dependent relaxation was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in females [pD2(−log EC50 of the molar concentration), 7.05 ± 0.10; maximal relaxation response (Emax), 69.2 ± 3.46%] than males (pD2, 6.53 ± 0.08; Emax, 53.28 ± 4.86%). The increased relaxation was lost when the females were ovariectomized (OVX) (pD2, 6.14 ± 0.24; Emax, 39.68 ± 5.68%). The reduced relaxation response in OVX rats was reversed by administration of either progesterone (P4; pD2, 7.18 ± 0.07; Emax, 72.4 ± 2.76%) or 17β-estradiol (E2; pD2, 7.00 ± 0.14; Emax, 70.4 ± 4.79%). AM mediates its effects through either AM22–52-sensitive AM1 receptors [composed of calcitonin receptor-like receptors (CLs) and receptor activ...
Effects of supplementing n-3 fatty acid enriched eggs and walnuts on cardiovascular disease risk markers in healthy free-living lacto-ovo-vegetarians: a randomized, crossover, free-living intervention study

Plant and marine n-3 fatty acids (FA) may favorably modify select markers of cardiovascular disease risk. Whether supplementing the habitual diet of lacto-ovo-vegetarians (LOV) with walnuts (containing α-linolenic acid, ALA) and n-3 FA enriched eggs (containing primarily docosahexaenoic acid, DHA and ALA) would have equivalent effects on CVD risk factors is explored in this study. In this study, 20 healthy free-living LOVs following their habitual diet were randomly assigned in a crossover design to receive one of three supplements: n-3 FA enriched egg (6/week), walnuts (28.4 g, 6/week) or a standard egg, 6/week (control) for 8 weeks each with 4-wk washout between treatments. Erythrocyte membrane fatty acids, serum lipids and inflammatory markers were measured at the end of each treatment. Dietary compliance was observed by an expected increase in erythrocyte membrane ALA following the walnut treatment and in DHA following the n-3 FA enriched egg treatment. Walnut treatment lowered serum triacylglycerol, total cholesterol and Apo B (p < 0.05) compared to the standard egg but not the n-3 FA enriched egg treatment. However, walnut treatment significantly reduced total: HDL cholesterol ratio compared to both egg treatments. There were no differences between treatments for any of the inflammatory markers. For LOV, a direct source of DHA such as n-3 FA enriched eggs seems necessary to increase membrane levels of DHA. However for producing an overall favorable blood lipid profile, daily consumption of a handful of walnuts rich in ALA may be a preferred option for lacto-ovo vegetarian.
Clinical Handbook for the Management of Mood Disorders

This Clinical Handbook for the Management of Mood Disorders will equip clinicians with the knowledge to refine their diagnostic skills and implement treatment plans for mood disorders based on the most up-to-date evidence on interventions that work. Covering the widest range of treatments and techniques, it provides clear guidance for the management of all types and subtypes of both minor and major depression. Chapters cover the latest and most innovative treatments, including use of ketamine, deep brain stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation, effective integration of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches, as well as providing a thought-provoking look at the future research agenda and the potential for reliable biomarkers. This is the most comprehensive review of depression available today. Written and edited by leading experts mostly from Columbia University, this is an essential resource for anyone involved in the care and treatment of patients with mood disorders.
Muscle metaboreflex control of vasopressin and renin release.

Dynamic exercise causes an increase in circulating blood levels of renin and vasopressin (AVP), yet the afferent mechanisms responsible for release of renin and AVP during exercise are poorly understood. Partial ischemia of active skeletal muscle induces a reflex pressor response, termed the muscle metaboreflex. Does muscle metaboreflex activation induce release of renin and AVP? The muscle metaboreflex was activated in conscious, chronically instrumented dogs during mild treadmill exercise (3.2 km/h, 0% grade) via graded partial occlusion of terminal aortic blood flow. Decreasing hindlimb perfusion to 40% of the control level during exercise significantly increased systemic arterial pressure (SAP) and heart rate (HR) from 103.4 +/- 2.4 to 166.7 +/- 4.2 mmHg and from 111.6 +/- 9.9 to 141.9 +/- 3.9 beats/min, respectively. However, only small nonsignificant changes in arterial plasma renin activity and AVP concentration occurred [control: renin = 0.46 +/- 0.8 ng angiotensin I (ANG I).ml-1.h-1, AVP = 0.53 +/- 0.17 pg/ml; metaboreflex activation: renin = 0.77 +/- 0.33 ng ANG I.ml-1.h-1, AVP = 1.09 +/- 0.34 pg/ml]. The experiments were repeated after ganglionic blockade (hexamethonium 10 mg/ml and atropine 0.2 mg/ml iv) to attenuate the reflex increase in SAP. In this setting, metaboreflex activation caused SAP to increase from 91.6 +/- 4.3 to only 114.7 +/- 6.8 mmHg and the reflex tachycardia was abolished (153.7 +/- 5.8 to 159.3 +/- 6.1 beats/min, P > 0.05). With the reflex pressor response markedly attenuated, AVP increased from 2.53 +/- 0.81 to 34.38 +/- 6.59 pg/ml with muscle metaboreflex activation, whereas no significant changes in renin activity occurred.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A twenty-year statistical review of 454 consecutive cesarean sections

Abstract The tables and discussion have been presented to show the number, incidence, indications, mortality, and comparative statistics of 454 cesarean sections performed over a twenty-year period in a two hundred sixty bed general hospital. This survey was divided into two ten-year periods to compare statistically the results of obstetrical supervision and to evaluate the effect of antibiotics, sulfonamides, and bank blood. The incidence of cesarean section in the first ten-year period was 3.54 per cent and in the second period 2.44 per cent, a reduction of over 1 per cent. The chief indications for cesarean section have remained about the same for both decades. There has been a definite trend toward the low cervical cesarean section in the second ten-year period and, likewise, a decrease in maternal morbidity. Cesarean hysterectomy was employed more frequently in the second decade and the incidence of 2.80 per cent compares favorably with the general average throughout the country. There was no maternal mortality in either decade following this procedure. The cesarean section maternal mortality of 3.30 per cent is rather high for the 454 operations. For the first decade the incidence was 5.70 per cent which was reduced to 1.50 per cent for the second period; a reduction of 4.20 per cent. There were no maternal cesarean section deaths due to infection during the second ten-year period, probably due to the more frequent use of the Porro operation and the utilization of antibiotics, chemotherapy, and bank blood. The infant mortality rate for the twenty years following cesarean section was 9.0 per cent, the incidence for the first period was 10.6 per cent, which was reduced to 7.8 per cent for the second ten-year period.
Simulation in Pain and Palliative Care

Pain medicine and palliative care are diverse and challenging fields with overlapping disciplines that include anesthesiology, physical medicine and rehabilitation, neurology, psychiatry, and geriatrics. In order to achieve a high degree of fidelity in simulating the complex multidisciplinary fields of pain medicine and palliative care, simulation curricula must encompass multiple modalities, such as interpersonal interactions utilizing standardized patients, procedure-based part-task trainers, as well as rare occurrence management on full human patient simulators. This chapter will review the state of simulation-based education in pain medicine and palliative care, outline future directions, and present an example of complex multimodal simulation that addresses the needs of trainees and practicing physicians in these fields.
Freeing the Guilty without Protecting the Innocent: Some Skeptical Observations on Proposed 'Innocence' Procedures

Proceeding from the perspective of “innocentrism” (that is, the idea that exoneration of the “innocent” ought to be privileged over other values in the criminal justice system), I suggest eight proposals for reform: (1) researching the frequency and causes of wrongful conviction; (2) allowing waiver of rights for greater freedom to raise post-conviction innocence claims (Professor Gross’s proposal in this symposium); (3) improving the implementation of existing rules on disclosing exculpatory evidence; (4) increasing resources for defense counsel and prosecutors to focus on issues relating to actual innocence; (5) abolishing the Fourth Amendment exclusionary rule; (6) replacing the Miranda regime with a system of videotaping custodial interrogation; (7) barring prisoners from filing for habeas relief without a colorable claim of actual innocence; and (8) requiring defense attorneys to directly ask their clients if they are actually innocent. These discriminating proposals offer a far greater prospect of providing help to the innocent without blocking conviction of the guilty. A common theme underlying many of them is that they reorient the focus of the criminal justice system away from procedural issues and toward substantive issues of guilt or innocence. Sadly, Bakken’s proposals seem to offer too much procedure and not enough substance, a recipe for helping the guilty. The truly innocent will benefit in a system that values substance over procedure.
Genetic suppression reveals DNA repair-independent antagonism between BRCA1 and COBRA1 in mammary gland development

The breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 is well known for its function in double-strand break (DSB) DNA repair. While BRCA1 is also implicated in transcriptional regulation, the physiological significance remains unclear. COBRA1 (also known as NELF-B) is a BRCA1-binding protein that regulates RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) pausing and transcription elongation. Here we interrogate functional interaction between BRCA1 and COBRA1 during mouse mammary gland development. Tissue-specific deletion of Cobra1 reduces mammary epithelial compartments and blocks ductal morphogenesis, alveologenesis and lactogenesis, demonstrating a pivotal role of COBRA1 in adult tissue development. Remarkably, these developmental deficiencies due to Cobra1 knockout are largely rescued by additional loss of full-length Brca1. Furthermore, Brca1/Cobra1 double knockout restores developmental transcription at puberty, alters luminal epithelial homoeostasis, yet remains deficient in homologous recombination-based DSB repair. Thus our genetic suppression analysis uncovers a previously unappreciated, DNA repair-independent function of BRCA1 in antagonizing COBRA1-dependent transcription programme during mammary gland development.
Distribution Costs for Digital Television Networks

Television networks rely on the cost effectiveness of synchronising the activities of several separate stations. Generally, operational cost savings can be achieved by reducing the level of local input in favour of distribution from a common central site. However the loss of input of local material can mean reduced revenue, identity and reliability. — With the emergence of DTTV and the rising cost of bandwidth the economics of networking must be revisited. Networks must decide on the degree to which they should build a digital structure that is aligned to their existing analogue system. They have the opportunity to build a different structure in the light of new technology and distribution pricing regimes. There is also the possibility of modifying their analogue systems in anticipation of the new digital frameworks. — This paper is a discussion of three different modes for distribution to a network; locally managed breakaways, multiple central sites and centre control local insertion. — Timing delays are considered and cost comparisons made. Factors relate to the network configuration and to the use of MPEG compression. This paper includes a way of modelling some of these factors to produce relative pricing of alternative configurations. It concludes with some observations about the current and likely future developments in MPEG switching.
Perceptions of Health and Healthcare of People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in Medicaid Managed Care

This study examined perceptions of health and healthcare of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) receiving Medicaid Managed Care. Exploratory, semistructured interviews were conducted with 23 participants. Findings indicate that participants generally expressed being in good health and defined good health as (a) absence of pain, disease, and symptoms; (b) adherence to or not requiring treatment; (c) physical self-care; (d) mental or spiritual self-care; and (e) ability to perform the activities one wants to do. Participants conceptualized healthcare as (a) ensuring needs are met through access to services, (b) obtaining quality services, (c) navigating the healthcare system successfully, and (d) receiving humanizing healthcare. This study has implications for improving healthcare and communications between people with IDD and healthcare providers.
The structural organization of the human marrow matrix in thin sections.

Thin sections, 0.5 to 1.0 µ in thickness, of epon-imbedded marrow tissue, obtained from human marrow aspirates, provide improved resolution on light microscopic examination and afford an opportunity for better evaluation of the morphologic details of the marrow. Details of the nonhematopoietic elements are given. The reticular cells are seen as a loose system which extends from the fat cells to the sinusoids, and they appear to surround the hematopoietic cells in varying degrees. The plasma cells are found as small collars about the sinusoids. It is suggested that the endothelial cells and reticular cells constitute a system for the transport of materials to the proliferating blood cells.
Clustering on the Edge: Learning Structure in Graphs

With the recent popularity of graphical clustering methods, there has been an increased focus on the information between samples. We show how learning cluster structure using edge features naturally and simultaneously determines the most likely number of clusters and addresses data scale issues. These results are particularly useful in instances where (a) there are a large number of clusters and (b) we have some labeled edges. Applications in this domain include image segmentation, community discovery and entity resolution. Our model is an extension of the planted partition model and our solution uses results of correlation clustering, which achieves a partition O(log(n))-close to the log-likelihood of the true clustering.
The Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Health in College Students

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are linked to poor adult health (Felitti et al. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14(4), 245–258, 1998; Brown et al. BMC Public Health, 10, 20, 2010). Research on ACEs exposure in college students is lacking. This study examined the impact of ACEs, health risk behaviors, and resiliency factors on objective and subjective measures of health in college students. ACEs and health risk behaviors emerged as significant predictors of health problems. However, when resiliency factors were accounted for, gender and life satisfaction were the only significant predictors of health problems. Likewise, ACEs score and health risk behaviors emerged as significant predictors of self-rated health. However, when resiliency factors were accounted for, gender, social support, and affect were the only significant predictors of self-rated health. Life satisfaction mediated the relationship between ACE score and health problems. Findings suggest that ACEs exposure has a lasting impact on health. The ability of resiliency factors to predict health has important implications for working with college students.
Investigation on the antibody level and public awareness of measles and rubella among the migrant workers in Tianjin port free trade zone

Objective: To obtain the antibody level and public awareness of measles and rubella among the migrant workers in Tianjin port free trade zone for the disease control. Methods: Using random sampling method,294 migrant workers lived in the blue-collar apartment were investigated with a question naire and their blood samples were obtained. Results: The antibody positive rates and GMRT of measles and rubella were 95.92%,1 161.7, and 96.6%, 112.3 respectively. The GMRT of measles between males and females were significantly different(t=-2.53,P=0.01). The effective protective rate of measles(titre1∶800)were 64.97%. The migrant workers knew little about measles and rubella, and adopted very unhealthy living manners. Conclusion: Vaccine inoculation and public education of disease among the migrant workers in this area is very important in preventing measles.
Deoxyribonucleic acid cytometric analysis of prostate core biopsy specimens: relationship to serum prostate specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase, clinical stage and histopathology.

AbstractWe describe a sampling method of obtaining fresh prostate cells that yields adequate numbers of cells for flow cytometric deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis and produces histograms of good resolution. Exfoliated cells from 204 prostate biopsy wash specimens obtained by agitation of biopsy cores in saline were fixed and stained for DNA analysis. The mean percentage of hyperdiploid cells was statistically different between the pathologically benign and malignant specimens (p <0.0001). Hyperdiploid cells of 22% or more exhibited a high degree of specificity for the malignant specimens with only a 1.4% (1 of 69 benign specimens) false-positive rate. However, sensitivity was only 41% (25 of 59 malignant specimens were associated with a flow cytometry analysis of 22% or greater hyperdiploid cells) because of the high false-negative rate (59%, 35 of 59). The percentage of hyperdiploid cells correlated statistically with increasing prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels and approached significance with ...
Neurogenic Bladder: Past, Present, and Future

Summary: The foundation of the management of neuragenie bladder can be attributed to a pioneer in spinal cord injury medicine. Dr. Donald Munro, a neurosurgeon, who also had experience in urologic ...
University-Wide Entrepreneurship Education

Abstract In 2004 and 2007, the Kauffman Foundation awarded 18 universities and colleges $3–5 million dollars each to develop radiant model entrepreneurship education programs and campus-wide entrepreneurial ecosystems. Grant recipients were required to have a senior level administrator to oversee the program who reported to the Provost, President, or Chancellor. Award recipients included Syracuse University (2007) and the University of Rochester (2004). Cornell was not a Kauffman campus. This chapter explores three case studies in the radiant model of university-wide entrepreneurship education as deployed at Cornell University, The University of Rochester, and Syracuse University. The authors examine the history, accelerators, and challenges of the radiant model of university-wide entrepreneurship education.
Ketamine Corrects Stress-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction through JAK2/STAT3 Signaling in the Orbitofrontal Cortex

Deficits in cognitive flexibility are prominent in stress-related psychiatric disorders, including depression. Ketamine has rapid antidepressant efficacy, but it is unknown if ketamine improves cognitive symptoms. In rats, 2 weeks chronic intermittent cold (CIC) stress impairs reversal learning, a form of cognitive flexibility mediated by the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) that we have used previously to model cognitive dysfunction in depression. We have shown that activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling in the OFC rescued the CIC stress-induced reversal learning deficit. Thus, in the present study we determined whether ketamine also corrects the stress-induced reversal learning deficit, and if JAK2/STAT3 signaling is involved in this effect. A single injection of ketamine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) 24 h prior to testing rescued the CIC stress-induced reversal learning deficit. CIC stress decreased JAK2 phosphorylation in the OFC, and ketamine restored pJAK2 levels within 2 h post injection. The JAK2 inhibitor AG490 given systemically or into the OFC at the time of ketamine injection prevented its beneficial effect on reversal learning. We then tested the role of JAK2/STAT3 in ketamine-induced plasticity in the OFC. Ketamine depressed local field potentials evoked in the OFC by excitatory thalamic afferent stimulation, and this was prevented by JAK2 inhibition in the OFC. Further, in both the OFC and primary cortical neurons in culture, ketamine increased expression of the neural plasticity-related protein Arc, and this was prevented by JAK2 inhibition. These results suggest that the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway is a novel mechanism by which ketamine exerts its therapeutic effects on stress-induced cognitive dysfunction in the OFC.
EXTENSION APPROACHES TO PECAN PEST MANAGEMENT IN ALABAMA AND GEORGIA

In Alabama and Georgia, as with most other States, the active organization and implementation of crop pest management systems has been carried out by the respective cooperative extension services. Relying upon base data collected and provided by their research counterparts, extension scientists have been charged with the responsibility of assimilating this information into a complete program that can be put to practical use by the grower. This often includes such diverse problems as refinement of survey techniques, definition of economic or action threshold levels, preparation and subsequent evolution of survey and reporting forms, training of survey personnel, and the intensive education of growers in the use of the various pest management tools.
Flexible production resources and capacity utilization rates: A robust optimization perspective

Abstract This paper presents a novel application of robust optimization (RO) in the context of optimal choices of product-dedicated and flexible capacities in a spatial setting. Specifically, we examine the impact of acquiring flexible production technologies on a firm's overall capacity utilization rates under demand uncertainty. Uncorrelated, negatively, and positively correlated demands are considered. We implement an efficient RO algorithm, which can solve large samples of robust min-max problems in a realistic amount of time. This paper examines the impact of three critical factors that lead to different capacity utilization and resource flexibility outcomes: the degree of solution robustness selected by the decision-maker to accommodate uncertain demand realizations, the flexible capacity costs relative to dedicated capacity costs, and the level of correlation between product demands. One of our results show that according to robust solutions, the total capacity may not be fully utilized because of the distinction between largest (in unit terms) and costliest demand realizations. The second result shows that increasing the proportion of flexible capacity can increase capacity utilization; however, our results report less than full utilization even when using flexible capacity only. We show that the optimal amount of flexible capacity, and its impact on overall capacity utilization rate substantially depends on demand correlation.
Investigating Secondary Preservice Teacher Noticing of Students’ Mathematical Thinking

Based on promising work conducted with practicing and preservice teachers at the elementary level to scaffold teacher noticing, we propose that secondary preservice teachers (PSTs) can similarly be supported in their development of professional noticing. Through the lens of research results obtained by studying the effects of a curricular module designed to develop secondary mathematics PSTs’ noticing, we discuss aspects of teacher noticing constructs at the elementary level that are applicable to secondary and aspects that require modification for transferability. Further, we describe the impact of the curricular module, including a task-based clinical interview, on secondary PSTs’ ability to attend, interpret, and respond to student thinking.
A fast motion planning representation for configuration flat robots with applications to micro air vehicles

Navigation of micro air vehicles (MAVs) in unknown environments is a complex sensing and trajectory generation task, particularly at high velocities. In this work, we introduce an efficient sense-and-avoid pipeline that compactly represents range measurements from multiple sensors, trajectory generation, and motion planning in a 2.5-dimensional projective data structure called an egospace representation. Egospace coordinates generalize depth image obstacle representations and are a particularly convenient choice for configuration flat mobile robots, which are differentially flat in their configuration variables and include a number of commonly used MAV plant models. After characterizing egospace obstacle avoidance for robots with trivial dynamics and establishing limits on applicability and performance, we generalize to motion planning over full configuration flat dynamics using motion primitives expressed directly in egospace coordinates. In comparison to approaches based on world coordinates, egospace uses the natural sensor geometry to combine the benefits of a multiresolution and multi-sensor representation architecture into a single simple and efficient layer.
The Comprehensive Mental Health Treatment of Chinese International Students: A Case Report

Chinese international students make up the largest number of international students in the United States. They face many stressors that may impact their mental health, such as language barriers, so...
Promise and Perils: Republics and Republicanism in the History of Political Philosophy. Edited by Will R. Jordon. (Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 2017. Pp. 177. $24.00.)

This essay collection grew out of a conference devoted to the theme of ancient and modern republicanism. Its purpose is to keep alive the distinction between the tight‐knit polis experience of the ...
Economic Analysis of Waste Heat Utilization for Coal-fired Power Units

Strict energy conservation policies require power plants to minimize energy consumption as much as possible. Low pressure economizer is an effective method to recycle waste heat from boiler exhaust gas. In this paper, the economic analysis model of coal-fired power plant is established by means of equivalent enthalpy drop method, and the waste heat utilization effect on thermal systems is investigated, including boiler efficiency, steam turbine power output, condensate pump, induced draft fan, electro static precipitator and desulfurization system. Then the economic effect on a 1000 MW ultra super critical unit in Shandong Province is calculated. The results show that waste heat utilization could comprehensively reduce standard coal consumption rate by 1.89 g/(kW·h), and the unit could save about 10.8 thousand tons standard coal and 1.29 billion dollars every year. Besides, the energy saving effect is more significant for lower load condition.
Speckle based Extended Depth-of-Field for Macroscopic Imaging: First results

Optical imagers experience a fundamental trade-off between spatial resolution and depth-of-field (DoF). This work discusses the possibility of speckle projection to achieve super-resolution within a large DoF. Preliminary results for planar objects are presented.
180-degree Outpainting from a Single Image.

Presenting context images to a viewer's peripheral vision is one of the most effective techniques to enhance immersive visual experiences. However, most images only present a narrow view, since the field-of-view (FoV) of standard cameras is small. To overcome this limitation, we propose a deep learning approach that learns to predict a 180° panoramic image from a narrow-view image. Specifically, we design a foveated framework that applies different strategies on near-periphery and mid-periphery regions. Two networks are trained separately, and then are employed jointly to sequentially perform narrow-to-90° generation and 90°-to-180° generation. The generated outputs are then fused with their aligned inputs to produce expanded equirectangular images for viewing. Our experimental results show that single-view-to-panoramic image generation using deep learning is both feasible and promising.
Nanoscopic Single-Incision Anterior Labrum Repair.

Abstract Arthroscopy frequently has been used to treat a variety of shoulder conditions, including anterior labrum tears. Anterior labrum repair techniques have progressed from multiple incision techniques to most recently a single anterior working portal with a posterior viewing portal. With the development of the NanoScope (Arthrex, Naples, FL), we do not need to make a standard portal for viewing purposes. In this article, we describe the single-incision anterior labrum repair bypassing the need for a posterior skin incision. The removal of this incision and portal should result in less fluid needed and less swelling. We hope this leads to less pain and improved patient outcomes.
Platón, Sofista 256 e 5-6

G.E.L. Owen has taken lines 256 e 5-6 in the Sophist to mean that a Form is many things and also is not, as a matter of identity, all those things which it is predicatively and in addition to them all those countless other things which it is also not predicatively. In this paper it is argued that this interpretation can hardly be right given that it makes the text say something that does not follow from alleged premises of the lines in question. Those premises are contained in the stretch of argument starting at 256 e 3 and can be spelled out as three sets of three propositions each (“M” stands for Motion, “R” for Rest, “B” for Being, “S” for Sameness, “D” for Difference, “-” for the negation, “i” for the copula, and “X”, “Y” are variables for Forms): (1) “Motion is Different from Sameness” “MiDS” (2) “Motion is not-Sameness” “Mi-S” (3) “Motion is the Same” “MiS” (2) and (3) are not contradictories because in each of them “S” does not stand for the same thing. Borrowing a bit of Fregean terminology, we can say that in (2) it denotes an argument, in (3) a function. The latter is in fact elliptical for “MiS(M)”. (4) “Motion is Different from Difference” “MiDD” (5) “Motion is not-Different” “Mi-D” (6) “Motion is Different” “MiD” Here, too, no contradiction arises. In (6) the function D is unsuturated and the proposition is elliptical for “MiD(X)”, Motion is different from numerous other Forms. (7) “Motion is Different from Being” “MiDB” (8) “Motion is not-Being” “Mi-B” (9) “Motion is Being” “MiB” By analogy with (3) and (6), “Being” in (9) stands for a function, hence the sense of the verb is predicative. As with (6), (9) is elliptical for “MiB(X)”, a Form is many other things. Propositions (1)-(9) show that the Eleatic Visitor construes negative expressions as denials of identity attaching the negation sign to the predicative and treating the latter as an argument and not as a function. In 256 e 5-6 he generalizes to the effect that the truth value of sentences corresponding to (3), (6) and (9) i.e. of sentences of the form “YiB(X)”, is true for many substitutions of the subject term and the predicate term. But for many it is not. In opposition to this sentences obtained by generalization from (8) i.e. sentences of the form “Yi-B” are true in countless cases in fact in all cases but one: that of B [A.G.L.]