cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Problems in the Treatment of Cardiac Failure in Myxedema

THE SPECIFIC origin of myxedema in thyroid deficiency implies a therapy so simple and so adequate as to warrant little amplification. However, it has long been recognized that all types of hypothyroid patients tolerate thyroid hormone less well than individuals with normal basal metabolic rates. Moreover, Means and his associates (1) have demonstrated rather clearly that the actual initial and maintenance dosages to be used vary considerably from subject to subject. Some of their patients needed 3 grains of desiccated thyroid substance daily; others were relieved of the majority of their symptoms with as little as ½ grain daily, although basal metabolic rates were never normal with this amount of material. In the majority of patients, this problem of tolerance is dependent upon cardiovascular disturbances. These may be due solely to the myxedematous state, or may represent pre-existing lesions which are aggravated by the metabolic changes present in myxedema.
THE IMPACT OF ORDER‐MAINTENANCE POLICING ON NEW YORK CITY HOMICIDE AND ROBBERY RATES: 1988‐2001*

Local officials and national observers have attributed the New York City drop in violent crime during the 1990s to the aggressive enforcement of public order, but relevant research is limited and yields contrasting conclusions regarding the effects of order-maintenance policing (OMP) on violent crime trends in New York City. The current study investigates the effects of order-maintenance arrests on precinct-level robbery and homicide trends in New York City with more reliable crime and arrest data, longer time series, and more extensive controls for other influences than used in prior research. We find statistically significant but small crime-reduction effects of OMP and conclude that the impact of aggressive order enforcement on the reduction in homicide and robbery rates in New York City during the 1990s was modest at best.
Use of herbal therapies to relieve pain: a review of efficacy and adverse effects

To find holistic treatment with effective pain relief and few side effects, Americans spend billions of dollars annually on complementary and alternative medicine, including herbal therapies. Despite extensive use, the lack of regulatory scrutiny of these herbal supplements contributes to the paucity of reliable clinical data assessing their efficacy and safety. This review summarizes the existing studies investigating the efficacy of herbal therapies as a treatment for pain. Possible side effects, potential drug-herb interactions, and information about common herbal therapies are also summarized. MEDLINE, AMED, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for the period from January 1966 to June 2005. Uses, dosages, routes of administration, and side effects were summarized. Strength of empirical evidence also was evaluated. This review found few well-controlled clinical studies. Furthermore, these studies documented limited efficacy of herbal therapies to treat pain. The information presented here may be used to further educate nurses and patients on the use of herbal therapies as well as direct future research efforts.
Condition assessment of large diameter seawater Concrete Pipes

Concrete-lined steel pipes, such as Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipes (PCCP) are vital infrastructure for refineries and power plants. They have generally large diameters (>1.5m) and are used to convey seawater for cooling systems and heat exchangers. Seawater concrete pipes suffer from a variety of problems such as concrete deterioration and corrosion of the steel inner core and the prestressing wires. These problems affect the structural integrity of the pipes and may lead to their catastrophic failure and the costly shutdown of the refinery. The assessment of the actual conditions of seawater concrete pipes is essential for refinery managers and engineers to plan maintenance work and thus assure continuous functioning of their plants. This paper presents the development of a new nondestructive testing method for the inspection of PCCP. The method uses circumferential guided waves to detect distress in the concrete pipe at the tested location. The obtained results show a method of high potential that if automated, can rapidly scan seawater concrete pipes for structural distress without taking the pipes out of service.
A model for the adsorption of poly(γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate) from solution onto alkali‐halide substrates

The isothermal adsorption of high-and low-molecular-weight poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) (PBLG) onto (100) alkali-halide surfaces has been studied with the intent of developing a model for the adsorption process. Data from both the solution and adsorbed phases were correlated in this study. The α-helical conformation was maintained in solution and on the substrate for all molecular weights investigated. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy proved to be a sensitive technique for conformational analysis of adsorbed PBLG films as thin as 200 A. High-molecular-weight PBLG was adsorbed as an interwoven fibrous mat, homogeneously covering the entire substrate surface. This morphology was independent of the substrate. Adsorption of low-molecular-weight PBLG took on a lamellar morphology, often exhibiting epitaxial orientation in the substrate 〈100〉 directions. Quasielastic laser light scattering studies showed that low-molecular-weight PBLG had a much higher degree of aggregation in nonpolar solvents than did high-molecular-weight PBLG. The proposed adsorption model is essentially a modification of one suggested by Silberberg. It involves segmental adsorption of aggregates, as opposed to single macromolecules of PBLG. The unadsorbed segments of the aggregates form a concentrated interfacial region directly above the substrate. Further interaction and association of PBLG may occur in this region, thus reducing the epitaxial ordering influence of the substrate. Consequently, polymers which do not interact strongly in the concentrated interfacial region, such as polyethylene, are expected to be adsorbed epitaxially, as has been reported.
Dyadic Models for the Study of Health

Dyadic designs have been used in health research to investigate intra- and inter-personal mechanisms of health and well-being in various types of dyads, including parent–child dyads, siblings, friends, and romantic partners. Although a growing number of researchers are designing studies that capture the interdependent complexities of relationships, many still need more information on how to analyze the data in a way that maximizes its value. Therefore, the purpose of this review paper is twofold: (1) to address some of the ways in which dyadic data analysis is being used in current health research, with an emphasis on research that has employed the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model, and (2) to propose and explain various methodological and substantive considerations that researchers should consider when using dyadic data analysis in their own research.
Immunohistochemical localization of prolactin receptors within the equine ovary

Abstract Prolactin (PRL) is hypothesized to stimulate follicular growth through a physiological action at the ovary. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify PRL receptors (PRLrs) within the equine ovary. Prolactin receptors were detected in anestrous (n = 3), winter cycling (n = 2), summer follicular (n = 3), and luteal phase (n = 3) ovaries. Prolactin receptors were detected in follicles of all stages, in corpus luteum and on oocytes. Staining intensity did not differ (P > .05) between primordial and preantral follicles but was greater (P .05). Prolactin receptor staining in preantral follicles during anestrus was lower (P .10) between reproductive states. Prolactin receptor staining was also detected in luteal tissue. In conclusion, PRLrs were detected in all stages of follicular growth with staining intensity highest in large antral follicles, indicating a possible mechanistic role for PRL during late stage follicular growth and perhaps ovulation.
Recognition of order effects in squirrel monkey antiphonal call sequences.

Squirrel monkeys exchange chuck vocalizations in antiphonal sequences that suggest a request for information, and a response to that request. Chucks are characterized by measurable acoustic differences, notably in peak frequency, related to their position in a sequence. To determine the cues by which animals might identify a chuck that is a request for information from one that is a response, first-in-sequence (α) and second-in-sequence (β) chucks, differing in peak frequency, were recorded from familiar individuals and strangers. These chucks, and a sham control, were played back, in the temporal context of a first-in-sequence call, to a target group of socially housed captive squirrel monkeys. Animals responded more strongly to α chucks than to β chucks for calls originating from familiar individuals. No distinction was made between the α and β chucks of strangers, and all strangers' chucks got a weaker response than did familiar α chucks. Squirrel monkeys probably use acoustic differences, rather than context, to discriminate the ordinal significance of a chuck, but cannot do so unless they are familiar with the caller. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Phase Equilibria in the H2/C2H4System at Temperatures from 114.1 to 247.1 K and Pressures to 600 MPa

Experimental data for liquid-vapor phase compositions of Hydrogen + Ethylene are reported for 14 temperatures in the range 114.1 to 247.1 K and pressures up to 600 MPa. The data have been obtained using a vapor-recirculating apparatus suitable for measurement up to 1000 MPa. The entire region of liquid-vapor coexistence has been explored for the first time. The mixture critical line and the pressure temperature trace of the 3-phase line solid-liquid-vapor have been located. These lines intersect at 153 K and 675 MPa to form an upper critical end point. Results obtained up to 52 MPa have been compared to published data. Calculations have been made to compare the experimental results with predictions of the Peng-Robinson and Redlich-Kwong equations of state.
Further Studies on the Effects of Ephedrine in the Presence of Cocaine

It has been demonstrated that cocaine will lessen some of the effects of ephedrine, chiefly cardiac output and blood pressure changes. The nature of the finer mechanism of action of these changes has not been ascertained. Because of the many unrelated sites of action it is believed there may possibly be more than one type of mechanism of action involved. Diminution of response to cocaine is largely cardiac in nature because vasoconstriction and increase in peripheral resistance in the femoral vascular bed was not marked. This action is chiefly central in origin because it cannot be demonstrated on the isolated rabbit heart. This indicates that the theory of Gaddum and Kwiatkowski (9) that the action of ephedrine is mediated chiefly through the presence of epinephrine cannot be demonstrated here, since cocaine will potentiate the action of epinephrine on the isolated rabbit heart. It is believed that the nature of the antagonism between ephedrine and cocaine is non-competitive, e. g., the two drugs combine with different parts of the receptor mechanism.
Synergistic interactions between herpes simplex virus type-2 and human immunodeficiency virus epidemics.

The high prevalence and incidence of herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) infection among the areas of the world most affected by the HIV epidemic has focused attention on the interactions between the two viruses. HSV-2 increases the risk of HIV acquisition two-fold; its effect on HIV transmission is less defined. As HSV-2 is the most common genital ulcer disease worldwide the risk of HIV attributable to HSV-2 is likely to be considerable. HSV-2 through chronic antigenic stimulation may also increase the risk of HIV progression. In turn HIV alters the natural history of HSV-2. People with both infections have higher rates of genital HSV-2 shedding and are likely to be more infectious for both infections. Ongoing clinical trials hope to define the role of HSV-2 in HIV transmission and acquisition more accurately. (authors)
Combining Ultrasonic and Magnetic-Resonance Spectral Methods for Imaging Prostate Cancer

We aim to improve existing prostate tissue type imaging methods to better distinguish between cancerous and noncancerous prostate tissue. In doing so, we hope to increase the effectiveness of biopsy guidance, therapy targeting, and treatment monitoring. Spectral parameters obtained from radiofrequency (RF) ultrasonic (US) echo signals acquired from biopsy regions, along with the PSA level were used to train a neural network classifier. This method produced an ROC curve area of 0.84 compared to 0.64 obtained from Bmode, image-based classification. In order to further improve our prostate tissue typing methods, the integration of ultrasonic and magnetic resonance (MR) methods, to take advantage of the independent information provided by US and MR is being investigated. We are developing effective means of 3D spatial coregistration of US and MR data along with histological data used for validation.
Human thermoregulation from the autonomic perspective.

Human thermoregulation is a complex, integrative, and ultimately autonomic physiological phenomenon. The goal of this special issue of Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical is to give clinicians and scientists a set of brief updates regarding integrative physiological mechanisms of thermoregulation relevant to humans. In terms of physiological thermoregulation, three general categories of environments exist: cold, thermoneutral and warm/hot. In cold environments, thermoregulatory responses are oriented towards conservation of heat (cutaneous vasoconstriction) and heat generation (shivering and nonshivering thermogenesis) (Castellani and Young, 2016; Morrison and Madden, 2014). In thermoneutral environments, by definition, very little active regulation of body temperature is required, as heat production equals heat dissipation and body temperature remains relatively constant. In humans, the minor adjustments in heat dissipation required in such environments are accomplished by small changes in skin blood flow (Savage and Brengelmann, 1996). In warm or hot environments, the emphasis is on heat dissipation, which occurs by two major mechanisms, cutaneous vasodilation (in which increased skin blood flow increases convective heat transfer from the core to the periphery) and sweating (in which evaporative heat loss cools the skin and increases heat transfer from the surface of the skin to the environment) (Charkoudian, 2010; Johnson et al., 2014; Smith and Johnson, 2016). We begin with the biophysics of thermoregulation. The relevant physical processes for heat transfer are radiation, conduction,
Glucose Levels in Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure Requiring Mechanical Ventilation.

Background:Recent studies suggest that patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently develop hyperglycemia, which has been linked to adverse outcomes.Methods:We retrospectively collected information about patient demographics, admission diagnosis, comorbidities, use of insulin, and glucose levels and related tests in 174 patients who required mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure.Results:These patients had a mean age of 57.8 ± 16.8 years, a mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score of 13.8 ± 6.1, and an overall mortality of 32.2%. The mean number of ventilator days was 7.5 ± 7.1. The mean highest glucose level was 239.3 ± 88.9 mg/dL in patients with COPD (n = 41) and 259.1 ± 131.7 mg/dL in patients without COPD (n =133). Patients with diabetes had higher glucose levels than patients without this diagnosis (P .05). The mortality rate...
Filariasis humanas en el nuevo mundo

Quisiera revisar con ustedes el estado actual de las filarias en America. Como ustedes saben, estos parasitos nematodos son transmitidos por insectos hematofagos, infectan distintos organos y tejidos del hombre y producen una variedad de condiciones patologicas que generalmente se relacionan con el habitat de los vermes adultos o de las microfilarias. Aunque las filarias tienen una distribucion mundial, estan mas o menos confinadas a las regiones tropicales y en muchos casos tienen importancia para la salud y la calidad de la vida humana. Las filariasis son enfermedades que no ponen en peligro la vida humana, pero pueden producir un nivel alto de morbilidad en las poblaciones afectadas.
Corporal Punishment: Another Form of School Violence

It is vital to study and understand the underlying conditions that support and maintain the almost universal positive attitudes about the use of corporal punishment with children. Corporal punishment is a form of violence against children that affects child development and may possibly be a link to later violent behavior. Currently, the scientific community is in great debate regarding the use of corporal punishment with children and the adult or parental characteristics and milieu that produce these attitudes and behavior. This secondary analysis proposed to further examine the variables found significant in relation to favoring or using corporal punishment with children. The 207 participants, who answered all of the questions on the GSS93 subset survey, were studied with 15 independent variables, clustered into three categories-social system, demographic, and psychological. The hypothesis postulated that the social system variables, supported by the social interaction and systems model, would b...
Bijecting Euler's Partitions-Recurrence

(1985). Bijecting Euler's Partitions-Recurrence. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 92, No. 1, pp. 54-55.
The response of glaciers to climatic persistence

The attribution of past glacier length fluctuations to changes in climate requires characterizing glacier mass-balance variability. Observational records, which are relatively short, are consistent with random fluctuations uncorrelated in time, plus an anthropogenic trend. However, longer records of other climate variables suggest that, in fact, there is a degree of temporal persistence associated with internal (i.e. unforced) climate variability, and that it varies with location and climate. Therefore, it is likely that persistence does exist for mass balance, but records are too short to confirm its presence, or establish its magnitude, with conventional statistical tests. Extending the previous work, we explore the impact of potential climatic persistence on glacier length fluctuations. We use a numerical model and a newly developed analytical model to establish that persistence, even of a degree so small as to be effectively undetectable in the longest mass-balance records, can significantly enhance the resulting glacier length fluctuations. This has a big impact on glacier-excursion probabilities: what was an extremely unlikely event ( 99%), when persistence is incorporated. Since the actual degree of climatic persistence that applies to any given glacier is hard to establish, these results complicate the attribution of past glacier changes.
Does β3-adrenoreceptor blockade attenuate acute exercise-induced reductions in leptin mRNA?

We investigated the effect of a single bout of exercise on leptin mRNA levels in rat white adipose tissue. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to an exercise or control group. Acute exe...
Plasma Lipoprotein(a) Concentration Predicts Relapse of Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome in Children

Objective:To study whether plasma lipoprotein(a)(Lp(a) can predict relapse of steroid-sensitive nephritic syndrome(NS) in the children.Methods:Plasma lipid including total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), HDL cholesterol(HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol(LDL-C), Apo A1, Apo B, Apo E and Lp(a) level were investigated in 50 health controls as well as 22 children with steroid-sensitive NS. Patients were divided into two groups. IRNS group consisted of 12 cases with infrequent relapse(IR:2 in 6 months or 3 in a year) and FRNS group consisted of 10 patients with frequent relapse (FR:2 in 6 months or 3 in a year).Results:The concentrations of plasma TC, TG, HDL-C,LDL-C,Apo A1,Apo B and Apo E were not significantly different between FRNS and IRNS groups, but the concentration of plasma Lp(a) in FRNS group was significantly higher than that in IRNS group(813.7±354.6 vs 356.9±267.8 mgL,P0.01).Conclusion:High Lp(a) may predict future relapse of NS.
Stochastic filtering in a probabilistic action model

Stochastic filtering is the problem of estimating the state of a dynamic system after time passes and given partial observations. It is fundamental to automatic tracking, planning, and control of real-world stochastic systems such as robots, programs, and autonomous agents. This paper presents a novel sampling-based filtering algorithm. Its expected error is smaller than sequential Monte Carlo sampling techniques given a fixed number of samples, as we prove and show empirically. It does so by sampling deterministic action sequences and then performing exact filtering on those sequences. These results are promising for applications in stochastic planning, natural language processing, and robot control.
Genome-wide analysis of SNPs associated with TP53 protein dysregulation in bladder tumors.

B198 TP53 is a central regulator of cellular response to stress and is the most commonly inactivated tumor suppressor gene in human tumors, including bladder tumors. Dysregulation of TP53 protein levels is also an important predictor of prognosis for bladder cancer. To assess whether there is a relationship between genetic polymorphisms in cancer - related genes and susceptibility to TP53 dysregulation, we conducted a preliminary analysis of a panel of over 1400 SNPs in hypothesized cancer - related genes using a subset of cases from a population - based study of bladder cancer in the U.S. We performed TP53 immunohistochemical analysis of over 670 bladder tumors. A trained pathologist recorded the percentage of the tumor that stained for TP53 protein and scored the intensity of that staining. Our analytic strategy for high dimension SNP datasets combined both novel algorithms and traditional statistical approaches to explore the relationship between SNPs and the percent or intensity of TP53 staining of bladder tumors. We began by filtering the dataset using a priori hypotheses, p-for-trend, or the Relief F algorithm. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR), classification and regression trees (CART), and hierarchical interaction graphs were used to predict interactions. We tested main effects and the predicted interactions using logistic regression with adjustment for potential confounders. In our initial analysis, individuals with one or two variant alleles in the TP53 gene had increased intensity and percent of TP53 protein staining (adjusted OR for intensity 1.9 (95%CI 1.2 - 3.0)) compared with those without TP53 positive staining. Further, we observed an association between SNPs in the DNA double-strand break DNA repair gene, XRCC5 and both the percentage of cells staining positively for TP53 and the intensity of the staining (homozygous variant genotype adjusted OR for intensity of staining 2.2 95% CI (1.2-4.1)) of bladder tumors. Likewise, we found statistically significant associations between bladder tumor TP53 staining and homozygous variant SNPs in the caspase recruitment domain family member CARD15 (adjusted OR 2.7 (95%CI 1.4-5.4)) and the interleukin 4 receptor IL4R (adjusted OR 2.4 (95%CI 1.2-4.9)). These results suggest genetic susceptibility factors for TP53 dysregulation in bladder tumors. Further investigation of these genes in relation to bladder carcinogenesis and regulation of the TP53 pathway is warranted. (Supported by ES05947, CA102327, CA121382, ES007373)
Toward effective design and adoption of catalyst-based filter for indoor hazards: Formaldehyde abatement under realistic conditions.

Catalytic oxidation at ambient temperature has drawn wide attention as a new promising method of air cleaning, converting hazardous materials into non-hazardous ones. However, limited information is available regarding catalytic filter performance/characteristics under real operating conditions, especially on service efficiency and byproducts. Also, no practical scale-up method/evidence for filter performance evaluation is currently available to scale-up laboratory results to real application conditions. These limitations and knowledge gaps prevent building owners/designers from adopting this new promising technique in their commercial/industrial applications. The present study conducted experiments from small-scale to full-scale chamber tests which challenged a developed catalytic filter under realistic conditions. Formaldehyde was selected for approach demonstration due to its indoor ubiquitousness and criticality for human health even at low-levels. Results showed that the competition level for reaction sites in filter media had a crucial role in the performance for formaldehyde abatement, a high initial (77%; under no competing pollutants) to a typical stable level (23–32%), depending on the coexistence of other pollutants and moisture in the air, that the employment of this type of filter might generate byproducts (opposite to previous literature reports), and that small-scale column tests represented a good indication for large-scale filter performance as a practical screening method.
Hybrid Program Dependence Approximation for Effective Dynamic Impact Prediction

Impact analysis determines the effects that program entities of interest, or changes to them, may have on the rest of the program for software measurement, maintenance, and evolution tasks. Dynamic impact analysis could be one major approach to impact analysis that computes smaller impact sets than static alternatives for concrete sets of executions. However, existing dynamic approaches often produce impact sets that are too large to be useful, hindering their adoption in practice. To address this problem, we propose to exploit static program dependencies to drastically prune false-positive impacts that are not exercised by the set of executions utilized by the analysis, via hybrid dependence approximation. Further, we present a novel dynamic impact analysis called Diver which leverages both the information provided by the dependence graph and method-execution events to identify runtime method-level dependencies, hence dynamic impact sets, much more precisely without reducing safety and at acceptable costs. We evaluate Diver on ten Java subjects of various sizes and application domains against both arbitrary queries covering entire programs and practical queries based on changes actually committed by developers to actively evolving software repositories. Our extensive empirical studies show that Diver can significantly improve the precision of impact prediction, with 100-186 percent increase, with respect to a representative existing alternative thus provide a far more effective option for dynamic impact prediction. Following a similar rationale to Diver , we further developed and evaluated an online dynamic impact analysis called DiverOnline which produces impact sets immediately upon the termination of program execution. Our results show that compared to the offline approach, for the same precision, the online approach can reduce the time by 50 percent on average for answering all possible queries in the given program at once albeit at the price of possibly significant increase in runtime overhead. For users interested in one specific query only, the online approach may compute the impact set for that query during runtime without much slowing down normal program operation. Further, the online analysis, which does not incur any space cost beyond the static-analysis phase, may be favored against the offline approach when trace storage and/or related file-system resource consumption becomes a serious challenge or even stopper for adopting dynamic impact prediction. Therefore, the online and offline analysis together offer complementary options to practitioners accommodating varied application/task scenarios and diverse budget constraints.
Sequential Science: A Guide to Communication Through Comics

In both large bookstore chains and local comic book stores, it is relatively easy to find comics that focus on politics, history, and autobiographies. These comics are often incorporated into the curriculum in social studies classes at the primary, secondary, and college level, but there are far fewer science comics and even less research about their implementation. In this article, a brief rationale for the use of science comics is given based on five qualities—that they are motivating, visual, permanent, intermediary, and popular. Research projects that have studied the effectiveness of comics are summarized, but in many cases these studies have a small sample size or lack control groups. Following an introduction to science comics and their implementation, guidelines and resources are provided to help science communicators produce their own comics and to encourage educational studies into their use. As case studies, comics that I have worked on are described along with the results of how they were used, including page views and research projects.
Self-assembly: Supramolecular basketry.

Both the topology and the mechanical strength of woven materials have inspired great synthetic efforts to replicate their structures at the nanoscale. Now, a triaxial weave has been prepared by self-assembly of a judiciously designed organic molecule through π–π and CH–π interactions.
A Playful Event Awaiting Just a-Stone’s Throw Away

In the chapter that follows, I describe an event that occurred several years ago, during which my young son and I engaged in playful experimentation with an ordinary stone to explore its potential for movement within the indefinite, a-signifying milieu of my garage-studio. The duration of our waiting together, with the stone, for it to shift inertia in the meantime, constituted a paradox: whether the anticipation for something to happen, that, in not happening, overlooks the event potential of waiting as having happened unwittingly. Based on the interstitial, indefinite conception of time posited by Deleuze||Guattari, this chapter considers the durational proximity of two sensations: the impulse to address the focus of this anthology on art and play in the lives and education of young children, and the re-minding of the event of my young son and I playing with the stone in the past. In this writing, the adjacency of these two moments in memory is explored: the present contiguous and enveloped with the past; time-out-of-joint emitting signs, a multiplicity of indefinite signs that in resisting reductive expectations and representations, enables the immanent potential for nuanced and differential ways of thinking and learning to emerge.
Euler–Arnold equations and Teichmüller theory

Abstract In this paper we prove that for s > 3 / 2 , all H s solutions of the Euler–Weil–Petersson equation, which describes geodesics on the universal Teichmuller space under the Weil–Petersson metric, will remain in H s for all time. This extends the work of Escher–Kolev for strong Riemannian metrics to the borderline case of H 3 / 2 metrics. In addition we show that all H s solutions of the Wunsch equation, a variation of the Constantin–Lax–Majda equation which also describes geodesics on the universal Teichmuller curve under the Velling–Kirillov metric, must blow up in finite time due to wave breaking, extending work of Castro–Cordoba and Bauer–Kolev–Preston. Finally we illustrate these phenomena numerically.
Of Digital Images and Digital Media: Approaches to Marketing in American ISKCON

This article is a theoretical and ethnographic investigation of the role of marketing and branding within the contemporary ISKCON movement in the United States. In it, I examine the digital marketing enterprises of two prominent ISKCON temples: ISKCON of New Jersey and ISKCON of D.C. I argue that by attending to the vastly different ways in which these temples present and portray ISKCON online—including the markedly different media imagery by which they aim to draw the attention of the public—we can learn about an ideological divide concerning marketing within American ISKCON. This divide, I argue, highlights different ideas regarding how potential newcomers become attracted to ISKCON. It also illuminates an unexplored facet of the heterogeneity of American ISKCON, principally in terms of the movement’s public face.
COMPARING THE LIKELIHOOD RATIOS OF THE DUKE CHEST PAIN SCORE AND HEART SCORE IN PREDICTING INDUCIBLE ISCHEMIA BY NUCLEAR STRESS TEST

Chest pain is the second most common complaint in the emergency room setting, but fewer than 25% of patients actually have acute coronary syndrome. The HEART score predicts major adverse cardiac events for six weeks post discharge from the emergency department. The Duke Chest Pain Score (DCPS)
Analysis of Influencing Factor on Fracture Energy of Concrete Containers for Nuclear Waste

The anti-fracture property of concrete container for nuclear waste was investigated to ensure its long-time durability. According to RILEM Standard the three-point-bending test was carried out by using the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete(HFRC) and the plain high-strength concrete (PHSC) (SP-13) for comparison at normal temperature and 150°C respectively. Results show that the fracture energy of HFRC is 6.3 ~ 12.0 times higher than PHSC before heating and is 12.0 ~ 16.7 times higher than PHSC after the heating .The big-size steel fibers(Types A and C) are superior to both the small-size fibers (Types B) and polypropylene fibers in absorbing fracture energy, and the Types C steel fibers(shear-indented type) is superior to Type A(Shear-threaded type)and Type B(ultra-short/fine type)in improving the fracture energy. Based on the comprehensive flexure toughness index and the comparative analyses of range and variance, a conclusion is drawn that the Types A and C are applicable to the materials used to make concrete containers for nuclear waste.
Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes: Semi-Automated Data Collection in the Interventional Radiology Clinic.

Abstract Introduction Patient-reported outcomes are important for clinical research and will likely be used in the near future as a metric for physician reimbursement. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of an electronic data collection system for deep vein thrombosis and lymphedema quality-of-life (QOL) questionnaires in a tertiary care interventional radiology practice. Methods A single provider’s clinic patients were automatically e-mailed validated questionnaires 1 week before their appointments. If not completed via e-mail, the questionnaire was administered on an electronic tablet in clinic by a research coordinator. Patients were also sent postprocedure questionnaires. Results In all, 106 patients visited the clinic for a pre-intervention venous consultation. Of them, 96% (n = 102 of 106) completed the pre-intervention questionnaire: 48% (n = 47 of 98) via e-mail and 52% (n = 51 of 98) via tablet. Of the patients who had procedures and were sent questionnaires, 49% (n = 26 of 53) were seen in person. Of the postprocedure in-person clinic patients, 76% (n = 20 of 26) completed the questionnaire via e-mail, and the remainder with the tablet in clinic. Twenty-seven of the 53 (51%) patients did not return for follow-up and instead were sent an electronic questionnaire as their only source of follow-up, of which 74% (n = 20 of 27) complied. Conclusion After an initial introduction to electronic QOL reporting, patients were more likely to complete the questionnaires remotely for their follow-up appointment. A semi-automated electronic QOL system allows physicians to collect patient outcome data even in the absence of a clinic visit.
A Decentralized Deterministic Information Propagation Model for Robust Communication

Many of the methods that are used to optimize network structure for information sharing are centralized, which is not always desirable in practice. Often, it is only feasible to have the communicating actors modify the network locally, i.e., without relying on the knowledge of the entire network structure. Such a requirement typically arises in establishing communication between actors (e.g., Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) that either do not have access to a central hub or prefer not to use this direct transmission channel even if available. This paper adopts an actor-oriented modeling approach to develop the Decentralized Deterministic Information Propagation (DDIP) model that enables the creation of networks that exhibit the properties desirable for efficient information sharing. Computational experiments showcase the ability of the DDIP model to form robust networks while being energy-conscious, i.e., without unnecessarily overloading any particular actor.
Review of Multivariate Analysis with LISREL

Multivariate Analysis with Lisrel by Joreskog, Olsson, and Wallentin (2016) contains 10 chapters and 7 appendices. The first chapter discusses how to introduce data into the Lisrel program, how to ...
Optofluidic vapor sensing with free-space coupled 2D photonic crystal slabs

We report here a compact vapor sensor based on polymer coated two-dimensional (2D) defect-free photonic crystal slabs (PCS). The sensing mechanism is based on the resonance spectral shift associated with the Fano resonance mode in the PCS due to the vapor molecule adsorption and desorption induced changes in both polymer thickness and polymer refractive index (RI). Sensitivity due to RI and thickness change were theoretically investigated respectively. With three different thicknesses of OV-101 polymer coating, sensitivity and response time were experimentally evaluated for hexane and ethanol vapors. The polymer demonstrated roughly four times higher sensitivity towards the hexane vapor than ethanol vapor. The PCS sensor with thicker polymer coating showed higher sensitivity to both hexane and ethanol vapors but exhibiting longer response time.
Public perceptions and information seeking intentions related to seismicity in five Texas communities

Abstract Texas has experienced levels of seismicity comparable to areas of California in recent years, and seismologists suggest that the increased activity in Texas is likely the result of human activities associated with oil and gas extraction. However, the general public is largely unaware of induced seismicity and related risks. To better understand this lack of awareness and how it might be addressed, we sought guidance from Kahlor's (2010) planned risk information seeking model to explore the social-psychological factors that are likely to influence Texan's intentions to seek information about the potential risks posed by earthquakes. We test the model using data collected from residents in five Texas communities that have varied experiences with seismicity. The data supports the model: the variance in intentions to seek information about earthquake risks were largely explained by positive attitudes towards seeking such information, perceived control over the ability to seek such information, perceived social pressure related to seeking such information, perceived earthquake risks, risk-related emotion (e.g., worry) and a perceived need for more information about earthquake risks. The study highlights the applicability of this risk information-seeking model to the context of seismic risk, and suggests ways in which scientists and communicators might engage the public more effectively with the topic.
Free Indirect Revelation: Luther's Moses and the Narration of Genesis

This essay argues that Luther's commentary treats Genesis with surprising narratological sophistication, suggesting a new avenue for research on the relationship between Protestant biblical comment...
LEARNING IN PATTERN RECOGNITION

This paper is specifically concerned with the problem of inferring from a finite set of patterns the classification of an unknown pattern. A discussion of the general problems inherent in the concept of “learning” and “data reduction” are discussed from a standpoint of measurement selection for the general pattern recognition problem. A brief history of the existent work in empirical Bayes and compound sequential Bayes procedures will be presented. It is felt that these procedures are basically non-Bayesian, despite their names, and are therefore especially suited to problems arising in pattern recognition. Finally, a discussion is made of some nonparametric approaches to the problem of the classification of an unknown pattern when the only information on the underlying distributions associated with the various categories is that which can be obtained from a finite number of samples.
P21-activated Kinase, a Novel Drug Target for the Treatment of Postoperative Ileus

Ileus, a common postoperative complication, has a significant impact on patient outcomes; however, there are no safe, effective pharmacological therapies for treating postoperative ileus (POI). We ...
Age-Specific Predictive Models of the Upper Quintile of Periodontal Attachment Loss:

A practical method to identify people who are most affected by periodontitis in their age group is currently unavailable. We focused on individuals with mean clinical attachment loss (CAL) above the 80th percentile within each of 10 age groups (5-y intervals between 30 and 74 y as well as ≥75 y). We developed predictive models using combined data from 2 cohorts (2009 to 2010 and 2011 to 2012) from the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; development cohort [DC], n = 6,757), and we carried out external validation using data from a third NHANES cohort (2013 to 2014; validation cohort [VC], n = 3,447). We used 1) age-specific logistic regression models with stepwise selection to identify significant demographic variables, habits, medical conditions, and selected clinical periodontal parameters (proportion of teeth with probing depth ≥4 mm at incisors and molars and with visible [≥2 mm] recession) and to calculate propensity scores (PSs); 2) Youden's J statistic to select optimum PS cutoffs to maximize diagnostic performance using receiver operating characteristic curves; and 3) bootstrap resampling with 1,000 replicates to validate the age-specific models and adjust the PS and optimal PS cutoffs for overfitting. The bootstrap-adjusted PSs were used as single predictors of mean CAL over the 80th percentile in the VC. The age-specific upper quintiles of mean CAL ranged between 1.63 and 3.24 mm in the DC and between 1.87 and 3.20 mm in the VC. The area under the curve of the models exceeded 0.85 in all age groups in the DC and 0.84 in the VC, indicating well-validated diagnostic performance. In the DC, sensitivity values ranged between 0.75 and 0.97 and exceeded 0.83 in 8 of 10 age groups. Corresponding values in the VC ranged between 0.56 and 0.89 and exceeded 0.68 in 8 of 10 age groups. We conclude that modeling that incorporates readily obtainable variables through a brief patient interview and an abbreviated periodontal examination accurately identifies individuals who are most affected by periodontitis in different ages.
Too Famous to Protest: Far-Right Online Community Bonding Over Collective Desecration of Colin Kaepernick, Fame, and Celebrity Activism:

In 2016, National Football League (NFL) quarterback Colin Kaepernick began a high-profile protest of police brutality and mass incarceration that prompted outrage among far-right communities and me...
The Effects of Endovascular Timing and In-line Flow on the Success of Pedal Amputations.

Abstract There has been a growing trend toward endovascular intervention to improve peripheral flow in patients with peripheral arterial disease. To date, there is no clear consensus regarding timing of lower-extremity amputations after revascularization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of timing between endovascular intervention and minor lower-extremity amputations and its influence on wound healing and limb loss within 1 year. A secondary purpose was to evaluate the impact of restoring in-line flow on healing rates. A total of 310 patients who underwent endovascular intervention and a minor lower-extremity amputation within 90 days were included in the study. Healing rates were defined as optimal, delayed, or failure. There was a statistically significant difference between patients with optimal healing to delayed healing and amputation ≥30 days after endovascular intervention (p = .037). We found no difference in healing rates in regard to amputation timing when examining patients who ultimately healed versus patients who failed to heal (p = .6717). Absence of in-line flow (p = .0177), male sex (p = .0090) and diabetes mellitus (p = .0076) were statistically significant factors for failing to heal. Presence of infection (p ≤ .0001) and wound dehiscence (p ≤ .001) were also associated with a failure to heal. End-stage renal disease trended toward significance for failing to heal (p = .065). Amputation-free survival at 1 year after endovascular intervention and pedal amputation was 76.8% (n = 238). Our findings suggest that in the absence of infection, performing minor lower-extremity amputations 15 to 60 days after endovascular intervention may allow for improved healing. Absence of in-line flow, male sex, diabetes mellitus, postoperative infection, and wound dehiscence are significant factors for failure.
History and Practice of Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution

The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of recent literature on acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) and conclude a consensus of beneficial effects. Newfound interest in blood conservation has increased the generalizability of ANH. Overall ANH reduces transfusion rate by 20–30% with a minimum of 650 ml whole blood (WB) removed. Greater effects have also been experienced with ≥ 1000 ml WB. With ANH, allogenic red blood cells (RBCs) and non-RBC transfusion rates are reduced intraoperatively and postoperatively. In addition, decreased length of stay and decreased incidence of pulmonary infections have been experienced. However, large volume resuscitation with colloid or crystalloid increases the risk for endothelial dysfunction and dilutional coagulopathy. ANH is still limited by anemia and small body surface area (BSA) but could be overcome by blood substitutes. ANH might be helpful in decreasing perioperative blood transfusions in addition to current blood conservation techniques. Further investigation is needed to expand applicable patient demographic and to define the optimal method for performing ANH.