cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Melanesia: Art and Encounter (Bolton, Thomas, Bonshek, Adams, and Burt, eds.)

This work is a book review considering the title Melanesia: Art and Encounter edited by Lissant Bolton, Nicholas Thomas, Elizabeth Bonshek, Julie Adams, and Ben Burt.
Difference in the Reactivities of H- and Me-Substituted Dinucleating Bis(iminopyridine) Ligands with Nickel(0)

The reactivity of dinucleating bis(iminopyridine) ligands bearing H (L1, (N,N′)-1,1′-(1,4-phenylene)bis(N-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)methanamine)) or Me substituents (L2, (N,N′)-1,1′-(1,4-phenylene)bis...
The optimization of quill-pin printed protein and DNA microarrays

Microarray density has been optimized as a function of substrate wettability and composition of the printing buffer. Features were printed across contact angle gradients to determine the effect of surface wettability on feature spreading. Feature size increased by nearly 50% and feature geometry transitioned from square to round as the array progressed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic for a wide range of pin sizes. The viscosity of water-glycerol and water-sucrose buffers were varied from 1-160 cP resulting in increases of up to 160% in printed feature size. Viscosity values were chosen to represent the potential working range for protein and DNA solutions. The amount of observed spread was determined to be independent of the size of the printing pin. Spreading diagrams that predict the spread in feature size beyond the size of the printing pin as a function of the water contact angle of the substrate and the viscosity of the printing buffer have been generated. Solutions containing proteins and DNA of various sizes have also been characterized, printed and demonstrated to fall within the trends observed in the buffer. Finally, initial work has been conducted using a planar waveguide system to study the kinetics of microarray performance.
MAGPI: A framework for maximum likelihood MR phase imaging using multiple receive coils.

Purpose Combining MR phase images from multiple receive coils is a challenging problem, complicated by ambiguities introduced by phase wrapping, noise, and the unknown phase-offset between the coils. Various techniques have been proposed to mitigate the effect of these ambiguities but most of the existing methods require additional reference scans and/or use ad hoc post-processing techniques that do not guarantee any optimality. Theory and Methods Here, the phase estimation problem is formulated rigorously using a maximum-likelihood (ML) approach. The proposed framework jointly designs the acquisition-processing chain: the optimized pulse sequence is a single multiecho gradient echo scan and the corresponding postprocessing algorithm is a voxel-per-voxel ML estimator of the underlying tissue phase. Results Our proposed framework (Maximum AmbiGuity distance for Phase Imaging, MAGPI) achieves substantial improvements in the phase estimate, resulting in phase signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gains by up to an order of magnitude compared to existing methods. Conclusion The advantages of MAGPI are: (1) ML-optimal combination of phase data from multiple receive coils, without a reference scan; (2) voxel-per-voxel ML-optimal estimation of the underlying tissue phase, without the need for phase unwrapping or image smoothing; and (3) robust dynamic estimation of channel-dependent phase-offsets. Magn Reson Med, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Magnetic Ordering of Rare Earth (R) Ions in RBa2Cu3O7−δ Compounds (R = Nd, Sm, Dy, Er; 0 ≲ δ ≲ 1)

Low temperature specific heat measurements have been performed between ~0.5 K and 30 K on RBa2Cu3O7−δ (R = Nd, Sm, Dy, Er; 0 ≲ δ ≲ 1) compounds in magnetic fields up to 5 kOe. Specific heat anomalies due to antiferromagnetic ordering of R3+ ions in the Tc ≈ 92 K superconducting RBa2Cu3O7−δ (δ ≈ 0.1) compounds can be well described by the anisotropic 2-D Ising model with an exchange interaction parameter ratio that ranges from ~50 for R = Nd to ~4 for R = Dy. The magnetic specific heat anomalies and magnetic ordering temperatures of the non-superconducting RBa2Cu3O7−δ (δ ≳ 0.5) compounds are markedly different than those of the superconducting compounds, suggesting that Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) or superexchange interactions, as well as dipolar interactions, are involved in the magnetic ordering of the R3+ ions in these compounds. The changes in the magnetic specific heat anomalies with oxygen concentration indicate that the oxygen vacancy concentration affects the electronic structure of the RBa2Cu3O7−δ compounds. The magnetic ordering temperatures of the Tc ≈ 92 K superconducting RBa2Cu3O7−δ compounds, at least for R = Nd, Dy, and Er, move to lower temperatures upon application of an external magnetic field, consistent with the antiferromagnetic ordering of the R3+ magnetic moments.
Identification of genes associated with cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass.

Summary Cold acclimation dramatically increases freezing tolerance in many temperate plant species. An understanding of cold acclimation is important for extending adaptation areas of perennial ryegrass. Freezing tolerance is greatly increased in perennial ryegrass cv. ‘Caddyshack’ after cold acclimation. Genes differentially regulated during cold acclimation were identified by analyzing the abundance of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) randomly sampled from two cDNA libraries, one constructed from 14-d coldacclimated (CA; LT50 ¼� 12.21C) and the other from nonacclimated (NA; LT 50 ¼� 7.61C) leaves of ‘Caddyshack’. More than 1400 quality ESTs were generated for each library. Over 60 EST groups were either increased or decreased three times or more in the CA library than in the NA library. Functional classification showed that for nine gene ontology (GO) subcategories, the ratio of CA ESTs to NA ESTs increased twice or more, whereas the ratio decreased by half or more for seven other GO subcategories. Expression analysis of 23 selected genes confirmed that 19 of them exhibited expression patterns consistent with the EST abundance analysis. Our results suggest that upregulation of cold-regulated (COR), dehydration-responsive ,a ndice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) genes, and down-regulation of photosynthesis and respiration-related genes are important to increasing freezing tolerance in perennial ryegrass.
DynaQoS: model-free self-tuning fuzzy control of virtualized resources for QoS provisioning

Cloud elasticity allows dynamic resource provisioning in concert with actual application demands. Feedback control approaches have been applied with success to resource allocation in physical servers. However, cloud dynamics make the design of an accurate and stable resource controller more challenging, especially when response time is considered as the measured output. Response time is highly dependent on the characteristics of workload and sensitive to cloud dynamics. To address the challenges, we extend a self-tuning fuzzy control (STFC) approach, originally developed for response time assurance in web servers to resource allocation in virtualized environments. We introduce mechanisms for adaptive output amplification and flexible rule selection in the STFC approach for better adaptability and stability. Based on the STFC, we further design a two-layer QoS provisioning framework, DynaQoS, that supports adaptive multi-objective resource allocation and service differentiation. We implement a prototype of DynaQoS on a Xen-based cloud testbed. Experimental results on an E-Commerce benchmark show that STFC outperforms popular controllers such as Kalman filter, ARMA and adaptive PI by at least 16% and 37% under both static and dynamic workloads, respectively. Further results with multiple control objectives and service classes demonstrate the effectiveness of DynaQoS in performance-power control and service differentiation.
$RD^{4}$ : Role-Differentiated Cooperative Deceptive Data Detection and Filtering in VANETs

The data quality of collected sensing data, which determines the practical value of sensing systems, has been studied in several previous efforts; however, we argue that vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), which are a particular application of highly dynamic sensing systems, requires specific treatment to guarantee data quality. In this paper, we design a mechanism, i.e., RD 4, which is a role-differentiated cooperative deceptive data-detection and filtering mechanism, to detect the false data in VANETs. RD 4 is evaluated using an extended traffic simulator. Three scenarios, i.e., freeway, road construction on a highway, and a traffic light on a local street, are deployed in general. Evaluation results show that the proposed mechanism can achieve more than 90.00% recall and precision rate in most cases.
Unplanned readmissions following surgery for colorectal cancer

SUMMARY Unplanned 30-day readmission rates following surgery for colorectal cancer range from 8.4 to 17.1% and have an obvious impact on patient outcomes and the overall cost of treating this population. Bowel obstruction, ileus, surgical infections, operative complications and dehydration are consistently the primary causes for readmission following colorectal surgery; however, finding a reliable set of predictors among many risk factors for readmissions has proven elusive. With a recent shift in focus towards reducing hospital readmissions, interventions to reduce them must be developed. These should be based on a nuanced understanding of the patient, operative and systematic factors driving readmissions and aim to decrease the patient’s unmet needs and challenges following discharge after surgery for colorectal cancer.
Mutational Inactivation of Transforming Growth Factor β Receptor Type II in Microsatellite Stable Colon Cancers

We previously demonstrated that mutational inactivation of transforming growth factor beta type II receptors (RIIs) is very common among the 13% of human colon cancers with microsatellite instability. These mutations principally cluster in the BAT-RII polyadenine sequence repeat. Among microsatellite stable (MSS) colon cancers, we now find that non-BAT-RII point mutations inactivate RII in another 15% of cases, thus doubling the known number of colon cancers in which RII mutations are pathogenetic. Functional analysis confirms that these mutations inactivate RII signaling. Moreover, another 55% of MSS colon cancers demonstrate a transforming growth factor beta signaling blockade distal to RII. The transforming growth factor beta pathway and RII in particular are major targets for inactivation in MSS colon cancers as well as in colon cancers with microsatellite instability.
Does pleural fluid appearance really matter? The relationship between fluid appearance and cytology, cell counts, and chemical laboratory measurements in pleural effusions of patients with cancer

Background Previous reports have suggested that the appearance of pleural effusions (i.e., the presence or absence of blood) might help to establish the etiology of the effusions. This study explores the relationship between pleural fluid appearance and the results of chemical and cytological analyses in a group of patients with recurrent symptomatic pleural effusions and a diagnosis of cancer.
A High Frequency of Male Determining Factors in Male Musca Domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) from Ipswich, Australia

The male sex determining factor (M) in the house fly is linked to the Y chromosome in the ancestral condition, but can also be linked to another chromosome (I-V or X). However, descriptions of the linkage and frequency of M factors in different populations throughout the world are vastly incomplete. We collected house flies from a dairy in Ipswich, Australia, and determined that M was linked to chromosomes II, III, IV, and Y. Most males (69.8%) were homozygous for M on autosome II and/or III, and 92.3% of the males had multiple M factors. In all, there were 13 different male genotypes found. The high frequency of M, the presence of M on four different linkage groups, and the large number of male genotypes found in this population make it unique relative to other populations of house flies that have been examined.
Remembering to Forget Richard de Fournival's Bestiaire d'amour in Italy: The Case of Pierpont Morgan MS 459

This article focuses on the prologue to the expanded version of Richard de Fournival’s Bestiaire d’amour contained in a manuscript of Italian origin: New York, Pierpont Morgan MS 459. Its aim is to shed light on the cultural antagonism on the part of the prologue author towards the authorial version of Richard’s Bestiaire . While the prologue author alludes to the authorial Bestiaire and even devotes a biographical sketch to its author in the form of a vida , I show that the prologue author nevertheless definitively ‘authorizes’ for posterity the francophone Italian continuation, which is retrospectively framed as the sole authentic version of the Bestiaire . The vida , for its part, does more to condemn Richard to oblivion than to memorialize him. This new, expanded version of the Bestiaire is in turn authenticated through cultural markers of ‘Frenchness’, even though the prologue author subtly indicates his own non-French status. The logic of the prologue is thus ambivalent: it both draws attention to the genuine version of the Bestiaire and ensures that it is perceived as insignificant; both memorializes Richard as an author and relegates him to oblivion; both heaps on markers of Frenchness and indicates its position of cultural remove.
Dynamic of Submerged Reinforced Cylindrical Shells

An approximate analytic technique is developed for the determination of the dynamic transient elastic response of circular cylindrical shells which are immersed in acoustic media. For a simple example, a comparison is made between the approximate technique developed and the exact analytic response. Comparison is also made between the proposed approximate technique and the existing approximate techniques, i.e., the plane wave and cylindrical wave approximations. The proposed approximate technique compares quite favorably with the exact solution and is superior to the existing approximate techniques. Making use of the proposed approximate technique the dynamic elastic response of a reinforced circular cylindrical shell to a moving pressure pulse applied through a surrounding acoustic medium is investigated. The pressure pulse is assumed to have its wave front parallel to the axis of the shell. The shell is assumed to be reinforced with periodically spaced rigid septa or stiffening rings. The response of each mode of a steel shell having typical geometry is calculated for a pressure pulse applied through an acoustic medium of water. This response is compared to the modal response of the shell in a vacuum but subjected to the same pressure pulse. It is found that in general the presence of an acoustic medium such as water reduces the amplitude in each mode and reduces the free vibration frequency.
Long-Term Association Between Developmental Assets and Health Behaviors: An Exploratory Study

Introduction Based on internal and external assets, the positive youth development approach aims to increase the capacity among adolescents to overcome challenges as they transition to adulthood. Developmental assets have been found to be positively associated with academic achievement, a variety of health promoting behaviors, and improved physical and mental health. The purpose of this exploratory study was to assess the long-term association between positive youth developmental assets with health risk and promoting behaviors. Method A continuous scale of developmental assets was created using 30 items from Wave I of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, when participants were in 7th to 12th grades. Health behavior outcomes including cigarette use, substance use, fast food consumption, and physical activity were measured at both Wave III (age 18-26) and Wave IV (age 24-32). Path analysis was employed to assess the relationship between these observed measures. Results The well-fitted path model revealed associations between developmental assets with each health behavior at Wave III. Developmental assets indirectly influenced each health behavior and direct associations were observed between assets with substance use and physical activity at Wave IV. Conclusion Findings provide additional support for the developmental assets approach to adolescent health. Implications include Healthy People 2020 objectives related to tobacco and alcohol use and nutrition and physical activity.
Reading (the) late Chris Bayly: a personal tribute

Everything seemed normal about the weekend of 18–19 April 2015 in Chicago until it ended with a very cruel blow to many around the world. Without any warning or early signs that could have prepared...
Effects of Hormone Therapy on Brain Volumes Changes of Postmenopausal Women Revealed by Optimally-Discriminative Voxel-Based Morphometry

Backgrounds The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study Magnetic Resonance Imaging (WHIMS-MRI) provides an opportunity to evaluate how menopausal hormone therapy (HT) affects the structure of older women’s brains. Our earlier work based on region of interest (ROI) analysis demonstrated potential structural changes underlying adverse effects of HT on cognition. However, the ROI-based analysis is limited in statistical power and precision, and cannot provide fine-grained mapping of whole-brain changes.
Lipid Changes in the Chick Hatching Muscle

SummaryGLC analyses of the hatching muscle of the developing fetal chick revealed that both hatching muscle and shank muscle had similar compositions of total fatty acids, although shank muscle was richer by 50% in total lipids. There was a loss of total lipids during the hatching period in both muscles the relative loss being greater in hatching muscle. Analysis of lipid constituents on TLC using a densitometric assay procedure demonstrated the larger decrease specifically of triglycerides in the hatching muscle during this period. The participation of lipids in the contraction of the hatching muscle of the chick embryo at the time of pipping is suggested.The authors wish to thank Mr. Carl Rosenberg (American Heart Association, Summer Student) for his competent assistance. The valuable discussions of Professor Hermann Schlenk and his associates at the Hormel Institute are very much appreciated.
Advances in the Study of Heart Development and Disease Using Zebrafish

Animal models of cardiovascular disease are key players in the translational medicine pipeline used to define the conserved genetic and molecular basis of disease. Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are the most common type of human birth defect and feature structural abnormalities that arise during cardiac development and maturation. The zebrafish, Danio rerio, is a valuable vertebrate model organism, offering advantages over traditional mammalian models. These advantages include the rapid, stereotyped and external development of transparent embryos produced in large numbers from inexpensively housed adults, vast capacity for genetic manipulation, and amenability to high-throughput screening. With the help of modern genetics and a sequenced genome, zebrafish have led to insights in cardiovascular diseases ranging from CHDs to arrhythmia and cardiomyopathy. Here, we discuss the utility of zebrafish as a model system and summarize zebrafish cardiac morphogenesis with emphasis on parallels to human heart diseases. Additionally, we discuss the specific tools and experimental platforms utilized in the zebrafish model including forward screens, functional characterization of candidate genes, and high throughput applications.
Syntactic creativity in second language English: wh-scope marking in Japanese-English interlanguage:

This article documents a fairly rare kind of interlanguage phenomenon, namely one in which interlanguages exhibit syntactic constructions that are grammatical neither in a learner’s native language...
Incrementation: Part Four

Incremental constitutive relationships are considered. Given rate relationships, corresponding incremental constitutive relationships can be written. While the rate equations are exact, the incremental equations are approximate and correct only to the first order. The increment of a second-order tensor function of the deformation gradient can be written formally as a Taylor series and expanded to yield, respectively, fourth, sixth, … order tensors with Cartesian components. This procedure is employed to develop the sixth-order “first elasticity tensor.” A very significant numerical example is presented to demonstrate the utilization of the first elasticity tensor. A solution of the simple shear problem, in which the incremental first Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor is evaluated as the product of the first elasticity tensor and the incremental deformation gradient and summed at each time step, is obtained, first using the fourth-order first elasticity tensor and then using the sixth-order first elasticity tensor. The enhanced convergence resulting from the use of the sixth-order first elasticity tensor is demonstrated.
Withdrawing to a virtual world: associations between subtypes of withdrawal, media use, and maladjustment in emerging adults

An approach-avoidance model of social withdrawal (Asendorpf, 1990) identifies 3 types of social withdrawal including shyness, unsociability, and avoidance. Each appears to be uniquely associated with varying indicators of maladjustment in emerging adulthood (Nelson, 2013) but little, if any, work has been done to see how they might be linked to media use in the third decade of life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine longitudinally the links between subtypes of social withdrawal, connective media (e.g., e-mail, social networking) and problematic (forms of media such as violent video games that, when used in high amounts, have been found to be linked to indices of maladjustment) media use, and internalizing and externalizing behaviors. The participants in the study (Mage = 20.70, SD = 1.98, range = 18-29 at Time 2) consisted of 204 undergraduate students (58% female) recruited from 2 large public universities in the United States who completed questionnaires at 2 points of time separated by 1 year. Results revealed that avoidant individuals use problematic forms of media more than average, unsociable, and shy individuals. Furthermore, problematic media use predicted more withdrawn behavior at Time 2 and mediated the relation between avoidance and externalizing behaviors over time. Few problems were found for unsociable behavior. The need to differentiate between multiple forms of withdrawal in emerging adulthood and their links with problematic forms of media and subsequent risk factors is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record
Plant and Test Site Safety

As with laboratory operations, basic safety considerations in low-temperature plants and test sites are similar to those in many chemical-processing plants. For example, many of the items considered by Kintz and Hill in their study of safety at gas-processing plants1 are also applicable to cryogenic facilities. Many of these are also discussed by Armistead,2 Liston,3 and Cost.4 They are considered here under six categories—design concepts, maintenance, normal and emergency operations, personnel protection, and plant and test site protection.
Sociological Data in Malpractice Lawsuits

Medical malpractice refers to professional negligence by act or omission by a healthcare provider in which the treatment provided falls below the accepted standard of medical practice and causes serious injury or death to the patient, with most cases involving medical error. An estimated 180,000–250,000 deaths from medical errors occur annually in the USA and more than 1,000,000 injuries are also caused by medical errors annually. In this chapter, the author shows the ways in which sociologists can assist both defense and plaintiff attorneys in some types of malpractice litigation since social, behavioral, cultural, socioeconomic status, demographic, and human factor issues are germane to certain aspects of medical malpractice. This chapter demonstrates the ways in which sociologists can help litigators analyze a possible breach in the standard of care, damages, and the proximate cause between the provider’s negligent acts and damage to the patient’s health.
The Impact of Types and Extent of Trauma on Depressive Affect Among Male Juvenile Sexual Offenders

High levels of depression have been found among incarcerated youth, which suggests that mental health problems are associated with delinquent behavior and are part of a constellation of risk factor...
Synthetic DNA Synthesis and Assembly: Putting the Synthetic in Synthetic Biology

The chemical synthesis of DNA oligonucleotides and their assembly into synthons, genes, circuits, and even entire genomes by gene synthesis methods has become an enabling technology for modern molecular biology and enables the design, build, test, learn, and repeat cycle underpinning innovations in synthetic biology. In this perspective, we briefly review the techniques and technologies that enable the synthesis of DNA oligonucleotides and their assembly into larger DNA constructs with a focus on recent advancements that have sought to reduce synthesis cost and increase sequence fidelity. The development of lower-cost methods to produce high-quality synthetic DNA will allow for the exploration of larger biological hypotheses by lowering the cost of use and help to close the DNA read-write cost gap.
Plant energetics and the synthesis of population and ecosystem ecology

Summary Historical conceptual divisions in ecology are dissolving as ecologists seek general currencies for understanding plant function, population dynamics, species interactions and ecosystem processes. Foremost among such synthetic approaches are population-ecosystem models (PEMs), which treat the biomass dynamics of individuals as a foundation for coupled demographic and biogeochemical processes. Because plant productivity and tissue composition drive terrestrial energy and nutrient cycling, and plant growth itself is often used as a fitness proxy, PEMs predict that phenomena related to population dynamics, such as species coexistence, are associated with processes at the ecosystem level. I argue that this line of thought reflects a persistent misunderstanding of the relationship of plant growth—the creation of new structural biomass—and individual fitness. A survey of measured energetic costs of a wide variety of plant functions suggests that the majority of assimilated energy for many plants is allocated to survival rather than growth processes. This diversion of assimilate to survival—such as fighting infection, reducing potential tissue damage, or storing reserves in the face of defoliation risk—contributes to individual fitness but may not impact the flow of energy and nutrients in the environment or to other trophic levels. Synthesis. Using simple models of plant energy budgets, I demonstrate how incorporating survival allocation into PEMs using a bet-hedging approach can decouple population and ecosystem dynamics. In revisiting what little is known about how individual plants use energy, I suggest that recasting plant strategy theory in an energetic-demographic framework may offer a useful way forward in the drive to unify population and ecosystem processes.
The Interrelationship of Obesity, Pain, and Diet/Nutrition

Research has shown that obesity is associated with many conditions including chronic pain and alterations in nociceptive sensitivity. The energy imbalance that characterizes obesity is commonly the result of a dietary pattern that includes the consumption of energy-dense foods. There are many physiological changes that occur with obesity particularly in neuropeptides and hormones. There is evidence to suggest that the chronic pain and changes in nociceptive sensitivity result from the altered hormonal/neuropeptide and poor nutritional status associated with obesity. A complex interrelationship exists between nutrition, obesity, and pain; with an increasing obese population, the importance of understanding this interrelationship more completely has become evident. This chapter reviews current literature on pain and obesity and gives a brief overview of the known etiology and dietary behavior associated with obesity. Potential modulators of pain in obesity and a possible role for nutrition in prevention and treatment will also be discussed.
The Effect of Evolutionary Mating Cues on the Perception of Attractiveness in Celebrity Endorsement

The theories commonly used to explain celebrity endorsement in advertising are mostly borrowed from such disciplines as communication (Austin et al. 2008; Hung 2014), social and cognitive psychology (Ross et al. 1984), and anthropology (McCracken 1989). This, of course, is not a problem per se as advertising phenomena are indeed related to these fields. Furthermore, advertising has considerably benefited from adopting and extending such theories. However, the explanatory and predictive power of the existing theories can vary as a function of context (Amos et al. 2008). Therefore, not all aspects of celebrity endorsement have been effectively researched so far. The current research seeks to examine one such aspect, the role of attractiveness, by applying an evolutionary psychology perspective. First, a brief review of the extant literature is provided. Second, it is argued that evolutionary psychology is an appropriate overarching framework under which celebrity endorsement can be understood and explained. Specifically, the article examines the role of mating cues (Griskevicius and Kenrick 2013) in the perception of attractiveness in celebrity endorsement.
Living with a Rare Health Condition: The Influence of a Support Community and Public Stigma on Communication, Stress, and Available Support.

ABSTRACTPeople affected by rare diseases often have limited coping resources and sometimes face stigma. They build communities with others who share their conditions, but not all members may benefit from these communities. This study investigated how adults with a rare genetic health condition (Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency; AATD) think about both the Alpha-1 community and public stigma about AATD, and how these cognitions predict their communication responses and well-being. The results showed that people with AATD-encountered stigmatization from various sources. Stronger public stigma predicted more secrecy, more stress, and less available support. Stronger group identification with the Alpha-1 community predicted less secrecy; stronger group activism predicted more available support and more communication to challenge stigmatizers. Post hoc analyses showed significant interactions between public stigma and group cognitions on communication to challenge stigmatizers. Practical implications for bolsteri...
Physical Attractiveness and Self-Disclosure in Mixed-Sex Dyads

Male and female subjects identified as very attractive or very unattractive worked in an interview-like situation with a listener of the opposite sex who was presented so as to maximize or minimize his or her natural attractiveness. Intimacy of self-disclosure was found to be significantly greater for females than for males, significantly greater for unattractive than for attractive subjects, and significantly greater to an attractive than to an unattractive listener. The results are discussed in terms of sex differences in American socialization processes, interpersonal response style differences between attractive and unattractive people, and the social stimulus value of good looks.
Phenomenological Ontology and Second Person Narrative: The Case of Butor and Fuentes

A discussion of narrative voice is not new to literary criticism. Yet surprisingly enough, little or no effort has been made to ground the problem in philosophical terms. Such a task might seem unnecessary if today’s writers continued to produce traditional first and third person narratives. However, the appearance of a second person in post-war literature has raised questions that baffle not only readers and critics but the writers themselves who practice it. This is because second person narrative points to ontological structures clearly transcending the limits of literature itself. While certain philosophers, including Sartre, have placed literature within an ontological framework, no adequate theory of second person narrative has been articulated.1 It is in response to this lacuna in narratological studies that the present essay has been conceived. In the first part we shall attempt to outline the basic parameters of such a theory while in the second part we shall examine what are often considered the two most important novels employing a second person narrative: Michel Butor’s La Modification and Carlos Fuentes’ La muerte de Artemio Cruz.
Solitary Fibrous Tumor/Hemangiopericytoma

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) can occur at any age (Fig. 11.1) and any site (Fig. 11.2). As with vascular sarcomas, solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma (SFT/HPC) represents a spectrum of tumors ranging from well-circumscribed tumors with bland spindle-shaped cells to histologically malignant tumors with a high mitotic rate and significant risk of metastatic disease. SFT/HPC arises in the pleura, pelvis, and in the dura, where it is termed hemangiopericytoma exclusively by neuropathologists. Even among neuropathologists, there is increasing appreciation that what has been termed HPC and SFT are indeed related [1].
RESTING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC DIASTOLIC MEASURES FAIL TO PREDICT OCCULT DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION AFTER RIGHT HEART CATHETERIZATION WITH FLUID CHALLENGE

There is a growing prevalence of diastolic heart failure worldwide. Right heart catheterization (RHC) with fluid challenge has been used to identify patients with occult diastolic dysfunction (DD), i.e. normal filling pressures at rest but elevated filling pressures with fluid challenge. Currently
We do not know what we do not know: innovative approaches to value measurement.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Over the past several years, there has been an increasing focus on improving the 'value' of healthcare delivered, defined as the ratio of clinical outcomes to the costs incurred to achieve them. The former U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Sylvia Burwell announced in 2015 that the majority of healthcare payments in the Medicare and Medicaid programmes will align with value by 2018. Although this has yet to fully mature, numerous health systems have restructured with a goal of improving the value of care delivered to their populations. Nevertheless, there remain important unanswered questions regarding how we measure value in the current U.S. healthcare system. The purpose of this review is to highlight innovations that are not only making it easier to measure value but also to improve care from the patient, provider and healthcare system perspectives. RECENT FINDINGS Behavioural start-ups and the introduction of relatively inexpensive health coaches are starting to permeate the healthcare landscape. These coaches are the consumers' advocate, acting as the quarterback of an extended care team in order to optimize health. Furthermore, time-driven activity-based costing has allowed us to understand costs on a more granular level, and novel tracking software may further automate these costing algorithms in order to better facilitate their dissemination. SUMMARY We must all work to enable new models of care that improve value by incentivizing individuals, payers and providers to improve health, rather than treat the disease after it manifests. We must also continue to improve the efficiency of healthcare delivery largely through improvements in value measurement.
Planning for the Future: Leadership Development and Succession Planning in Education.

Superintendents leading school districts, particularly in hard-to-staff areas, face immense challenges in recruiting and retaining high-quality, well-trained teachers, principals, and district lead...
Proof Without Words: Four Squares with Constant Area

(2004). Proof Without Words: Four Squares with Constant Area. Mathematics Magazine: Vol. 77, No. 2, pp. 135-135.
Evidence-Based Adjustment of Warfarin (Coumadin) Doses

A previous Point-of-Care Guides article,1 presented several validated approaches to the initiation of anticoagulation therapy with warfarin. Once a patient is receiving warfarin, it is important to have a systematic approach to the management of anticoagulation and adjustment of warfarin doses.
Teaching Deep Learners to Generalize

Neural networks are powerful learners that have repeatedly proven to be capable of learning complex functions in many domains. However, the great power of neural networks is also their greatest weakness; neural networks often simply overfit the training data if care is not taken to design the learning process carefully.
Development and Implementation of a Suicide Prevention Checklist to Create a Safe Environment

Background An increasing number of patients are admitted to general hospitals for injuries sustained in suicide attempts and for assessment of their ongoing risk for suicide. However, clinical staff may lack knowledge and expertise in the provision of a safe environment for potentially suicidal patients. Objective In an effort to follow the Joint Commission's recommendations on the care of suicidal patients, a Suicide Prevention Interdisciplinary Task Force was created. The task force sought to design and implement a suicide checklist that would facilitate creation of a safe environment for potentially suicidal inpatients on nonpsychiatric units in a general hospital. Methods We describe the development and implementation of a Care of the Suicide and Self-Injury Patient Checklist and report on data derived from incident reports related to self-harm/suicide attempts over a 4-year period. We also report results of a Research Electronic Data Capture survey of nurses' feedback on the checklist. Results After implementation of the Care of the Suicide and Self-Injury Patient Checklist, a total of 47 incidents of patient self-injury were reported over 4 years on nonpsychiatric inpatient units at a large general hospital; only three sustained permanent or serious harm. The Research Electronic Data Capture survey revealed that 88% of responding nurses believed that the Care of the Suicide and Self-Injury Patient Checklist guided creation of a safe environment and 90% believed that it supported consistent practice. Conclusions The Care of the Suicide and Self-Injury Patient Checklist contributed to the creation of a safe environment while caring for potentially suicidal patients on nonpsychiatric inpatient units and guided clinicians on the management of potentially self-injurious individuals.
Plasmonic Metamaterial Gels with Spatially Patterned Orientational Order via 3D Printing.

Optical properties can be programmed on mesoscopic scales by patterning host materials while ordering their nanoparticle inclusions. While liquid crystals are often used to define the ordering of nanoparticles dispersed within them, this approach is typically limited to liquid crystals confined in classic geometries. In this work, the orientational order that liquid crystalline colloidal hosts impose on anisotropic nanoparticle inclusions is combined with an additive manufacturing method that enables engineered, macroscopic three-dimensional (3D) patterns of co-aligned gold nanorods and cellulose nanocrystals. These gels exhibit polarization-dependent plasmonic properties that emerge from the unique interaction between the host medium’s anisotropic optical properties defined by orientationally ordered cellulose nanocrystals, from the liquid crystal’s gold nanorod inclusions, and from the complexity of spatial patterns accessed with 3D printing. The gels’ optical properties that are defined by the interpla...
CRISPR/Cas9 Guide RNA Design Rules for Predicting Activity

A critical stage in performing gene editing experiments using the CRISPR/Cas9 system is the design of guide RNA (gRNA). In this chapter, we conduct a review of the current gRNA design rules for maximizing on-target Cas9 activity while minimizing off-target activity. In addition, we present some of the currently available computational tools for gRNA activity prediction and assay design.
Risk-driven Planning for System Upgrades to Enhance Resilience of Distribution Systems

Resilience to high impact low probability (HILP) weather events is an increasing concern to address the vulnerabilities of the aging power distribution infrastructures. It is essential to improve distribution system's resilience using appropriate planing measures such as infrastructure hardening or standby resources. Absence of regulatory policies have made it extremely challenging for distribution system operators (DSOs) to plan system upgrades for enhancing resilience. This paper presents a novel framework to plan investments for resilience-driven system upgrades. The framework quantifies the value of service for the upgrades in terms of the monetary value-at-risk due to customer interruption. The socio-economic optimal level for resilience-driven investments is computed through the marginal investment cost for system upgrades and the resulting marginal value of service. The proposed framework is validated for deploying distributed generators (DGs) as a planning measure to enhance resilience using a modified IEEE 123-bus test system. Results from the test-case demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework to facilitate DSOs in investment decisions for enhancing resilience that is driven by the risks posed by the HILP events and the socio-economic costs of planning measures.
The role of retrieval during study: Evidence of reminding from overt rehearsal

Abstract Reminding occurs when a stimulus being studied elicits a spontaneous retrieval of a previously-studied stimulus, an event that is more likely to occur when the two stimuli are related in some way. One consequence of reminding is enhanced recall for a word when followed by a related word later in the study list (i.e., the reminding effect; Tullis, Benjamin, & Ross, 2014). However, it is difficult to precisely localize this enhancement to reminding that occurs during study. The present research uses a “think-aloud” protocol and uses measures of overt rehearsal as a direct index of reminding during encoding, with the goal of relating these measures to the more distant consequences of reminding at test. In two experiments, participants were presented pairs of related and unrelated words that were separated by various lags and instructed to rehearse out loud anything that came to mind during study. The study phase was followed by a recognition test in Experiment 1 and a cued recall test in Experiment 2. In both experiments, prior related words were more likely to be spontaneously rehearsed during the interval following a related word. In Experiment 2, this pattern of rehearsals was shown to be predictive of later memory, strongly implying a link between the action of reminding at study and memory enhancement at test. Overt rehearsal partially mediated the benefit to memory engendered by semantic associations across items, indicating that reminding is an important route by which semantics exert an effect on episodic memory.
A Novel Combined Microstrip Resonator/Nanospray Ionization Source for Microwave-Assisted Trypsin Digestion of Proteins.

Enzymatic digestion of proteins is a critical step in bottom-up and middle-down proteomics. Here, we demonstrate a method for decreasing the time required for proteolytic digestion of proteins from...
Pride Without Prejudice: The Burden of Under-Recognition in Organizations

Public recognition is a powerful strategic tool for motivating individuals. Yet because high status recognition derives its desirability from scarcity, public recognition inevitably invites social ...
The Community Engagement Professional in Higher Education: A Competency Model for an Emerging Field

The is a review of Lina Dostilio's The Community Engagement Professional in Higher Education: A Competency Model for an Emerging Field, along with the Dostilio and Marshall Welch's companion text, The Community Engagement Professional’s Guidebook: A Companion to the Community Engagement Professional in Higher Education.
PrEP Demonstration Project Showed Superior Adherence with Tenofovir Alafenamide/Emtricitabine Compared to Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine in a Sample of Partnered Sexual Minority Men.

Sexual minority men (SMM) remain at high risk of HIV infection in the United States, and for those in relationships, dyadic functioning may contextualize prevention decisions. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention was previously limited to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) until the FDA approved tenofovir alafenamide/FTC (TAF/FTC) for PrEP in 2019. Data regarding substance use, sexual behavior, holding an active PrEP prescription, and type of PrEP regimen (TDF/FTC versus TAF/FTC) were analyzed from a sample of 421 partnered SMM. The majority of the sample on PrEP reported a TDF/FTC prescription as opposed to TAF/FTC. However, SMM reported significantly better adherence to TAF/FTC than TDF/FTC in multivariable models. Novelty of TAF/FTC, treatment fatigue with TDF/FTC, and/or a belief in TAF/FTC’s superior efficacy and mitigated side effects may be plausible contributing factors. More studies using objective adherence metrics and surveys are needed.
The Challenges and Benefits of Change [Women in Engineering]

Emily Porter describes her professional life, highlighting the challenges and benefits of working in different countries. She shows us what it means to be a woman in electrical engineering in Europe and the United States and how this has changed during the past 10 years. Dr. Porter is an assistant professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin. She is the recipient of several prestigious awards, including multiple URSI Young Scientist Awards, the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Doctoral Research Award, the Irish Research Council “New Foundations” Grant, and the Royal Irish Academy Charlemont Grant.
Transforming Into Men Who Matter: Increasing Empathy in Domestic Abuse Treatment

Men referred to domestic abuse treatment are typically involuntary clients, ranging from being legally mandated to being under significant pressure from others to attend. Such treatment programs ha...
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Preterm Children with Sickle Cell Disease.

OBJECTIVES To explore the combined effect of pediatric sickle cell disease (SCD) and preterm birth on cognitive functioning. METHODS Cognitive functioning was examined in children ages 6-8 with high risk SCD genotypes born preterm (n = 20) and full-term (n = 59) and lower risk SCD genotypes/no SCD born preterm (n = 11) and full-term (n = 99) using tests previously shown to be sensitive to SCD-related neurocognitive deficits. Factorial ANOVAs and log linear analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between SCD risk, preterm birth status, and cognitive outcomes. Continuous scores were examined for specific tests. Children were categorized as having an abnormal screening outcome if at least one cognitive score was ≥1.5 standard deviations below the population mean. RESULTS Children with elevated risk due to high risk SCD and preterm birth performed worse than other groups on a test of expressive language but not on tests that emphasize processing speed and working memory. There was a three-way interaction between preterm status, SCD risk, and abnormal screening outcome, which was largely driven by the increased likelihood of abnormal cognitive scores for children with high risk SCD born preterm. CONCLUSIONS The combination of SCD and preterm birth may confer increased risk for language deficits and elevated rates of abnormal cognitive screenings. This suggests that neurodevelopmental risk imparted by comorbid SCD and preterm birth may manifest as heterogenous, rather than specific, patterns of cognitive deficits. Future studies are needed to clarify the domains of cognitive functioning most susceptible to disease-related effects of comorbid SCD and preterm birth.