cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Human Parturition Involves Phosphorylation of Progesterone Receptor-A at Serine-345 in Myometrial Cells.

The hypothesis that phosphorylation of progesterone receptor (PR) isoforms, PR-A and PR-B, in myometrial cells affects progesterone action in the context of human parturition was tested. Immunodetection of phosphoserine (pSer) PR forms in term myometrium revealed that the onset of labor is associated with increased phosphorylation of PR-A at serine-345 (pSer345-PRA) and that pSer345-PRA localized to the nucleus of myometrial cells. In explant cultures of term myometrium generation of pSer345-PRA was induced by interleukin-1β and dependent on progesterone, suggesting that pSer345-PRA generation is induced by a proinflammatory stimulus. In the hTERT-HMA/B human myometrial cell line, abundance of pSer345-PRA was induced by progesterone in a dose- (EC50 ∼1 nM) and time-dependent manner. Prevention of pSer345 (by site-directed mutagenesis) abolished the capacity for PR-A to inhibit anti-inflammatory actions of progesterone mediated by PR-B but had no effect on the transrepressive activity of PR-A at a canonica...
A New Species of Phyllophaga (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) from the Dominican Republic

ABSTRACT Phyllophaga delphinicauda, new species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Melolonthinae), is described from the eastern Sierra de Bahoruco in the Dominican Republic. Supportive taxonomic and biogeographic information is presented in a discussion of the new species' apparent relationship to Phyllophaga davidsoni Woodruff, 2004, and Phyllophaga carnegie Woodruff, 2004. The potential geographic and temporal distributions of P. delphinicauda are examined and its status as a species of conservation concern is discussed. A modification to the existing key to the Phyllophaga of Hispaniola (Woodruff 2004) is presented to accommodate this new species.
An exploratory examination of risk-management practices in South Korean community sport clubs*

AbstractClub sport participation in South Korea is increasing at an unprecedented pace. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the risk-management policies and practices of sport clubs in South Korea. Specifically, this study investigated a broad spectrum of issues including the number of injury-related lawsuits, risk-management polices/practices, and legal implications in sport clubs. This study was conducted using a self-developed 36-item questionnaire that was distributed by five trained survey couriers who obtained completed surveys from 304 sport club managers by visiting various sport/recreation facilities in South Korea. Overall, the results of this study revealed that risk-management policies and practices of sport clubs were not conducted in a consistent manner although most managers experienced or observed a significant number of sport-club-related injuries. The vast majority of injuries, however, did not result in lawsuits.
Combination phenyl propionate/pheromone traps for monitoring navel orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in almonds in the vicinity of mating disruption.

Aerosol mating disruption is used for management of navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), in an increasing portion of California almonds and pistachios. This formulation suppresses pheromone monitoring traps far beyond the treatment block, potentially complicating monitoring and management of this key pest. Phenyl propionate is an attractant used to capture adults in the presence of mating disruption, completely suppressing pheromone traps, and lures combining phenyl propionate with a pheromone lure (PPO-combo lure) synergize trap capture in the presence of mating disruption. In this study, laboratory and field trials of different phenyl propionate dispensers indicate a useful life of six weeks. Controlled experiments found similar numbers of adults captured in phenyl propionate and PPO-combo lures in the presence of varying levels of mating disruption intensity. A subsequent trial compared monitoring of field plots at various distances from fields under commercial mating disruption for much of the growing season with pheromone and PPO-combo lures. Although there was some evidence of partial suppression of capture in PPO-combo traps closer to mating disruption compared with lures farther away, there was no failure of detection as occurred with pheromone lures. The ratio of adults in pheromone and PPO-combo traps varied with proximity from treated fields. These results indicate that, in addition to monitoring in mating disruption plots, phenyl propionate lures can be useful for insuring against failure of detection of navel orangeworm pressure in areas where mating disruption is widely used.
Superhydrophobic inkjet printed flexible graphene circuits via direct-pulsed laser writing

Solution-phase printing of exfoliated graphene flakes is emerging as a low-cost means to create flexible electronics for numerous applications. The electrical conductivity and electrochemical reactivity of printed graphene has been shown to improve with post-print processing methods such as thermal, photonic, and laser annealing. However, to date no reports have shown the manipulation of surface wettability via post-print processing of printed graphene. Herein, we demonstrate how the energy density of a direct-pulsed laser writing (DPLW) technique can be varied to tune the hydrophobicity and electrical conductivity of the inkjet-printed graphene (IPG). Experimental results demonstrate that the DPLW process can convert the IPG surface from one that is initially hydrophilic (contact angle ∼47.7°) and electrically resistive (sheet resistance ∼21 MΩ □−1) to one that is superhydrophobic (CA ∼157.2°) and electrically conductive (sheet resistance ∼1.1 kΩ □−1). Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations reveal that both the nanoscale graphene flake orientation and surface chemistry of the IPG after DPLW processing induce these changes in surface wettability. Moreover, DPLW can be performed with IPG printed on thermally and chemically sensitive substrates such as flexible paper and polymers. Hence, the developed, flexible IPG electrodes treated with DPLW could be useful for a wide range of applications such as self-cleaning, wearable, or washable electronics.
Axial magnetic field injection on scaled-down maglif platforms

MagLIF is a promising inertial fusion based platform studied on the Z machine, at Sandia National Laboratories. This fusion scheme combines z-pinch liner implosion, laser heating and magnetic field confinement. A wealth of physical processes can be studied using this platform, from electron heat conduction to magnetic field compression, from magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities to particle confinement. Critical plasma parameters of the MagLIF concept are dimensionless. This suggests that most of the physics can be studied using university-scale pulsed-power drivers. However other parameters do not scale. One of them is the electrical resistivity, that is much larger on smaller devices. So, one can expect magnetic field compression on mega-ampere-class pulsed-power drivers to be much less effective. This work uses numerical simulations to demonstrate that if the return current posts surrounding the liner are tilted, a time-varying axial magnetic field is generated by the pulsed power driver. This field can diffuse inward, across the liner wall at the same speed that the initial axial field diffuses out. By picking the right angle for the posts, the inward and outward diffusions of both axial fields completely balance out, allowing to reach much more relevant dimensionless parameters. In fact, the rate of injection of the outer axial field can be much faster than the rate at which the inner axial field escapes, increasing the total field inside the liner even when no compression takes place. The injected axial field distribution is also much different from the initial compressed field.
Trends and disparities in receipt of pharmacotherapy among pregnant women in publically funded treatment programs for opioid use disorder in the United States.

Abstract Objective To describe differences in geographic, demographic, treatment, and substance use characteristics by pharmacotherapy receipt among pregnant women entering publically funded treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) in the United States. Methods 1996 to 2014 Treatment Episode Data Set-Admissions data from pregnant admissions with OUD, defined as reporting opioids as the primary substance of use leading to the treatment episode, were analyzed for this cross-sectional study. The proportion of all pregnant admissions with OUD who received pharmacotherapy was calculated by year and U.S. census region. Trends across time were assessed using the Cochrane-Armitage Trend test. Associations between demographic, substance use, and treatment characteristics and pharmacotherapy receipt were assessed using Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. Results The proportion of pregnant admissions where opioids were the primary substance of use increased from 16.9% to 41.6% during the study period, while the proportion of pregnant admissions with OUD who received pharmacotherapy remained relatively unchanged at around 50%. Overall, pharmacotherapy recipients were generally older and white, more likely to receive treatment in an outpatient setting, be self-referred, and report heroin as the primary substance, daily substance use, and intravenous drug use, and less likely to have a co-occurring psychiatric problem compared to those who did not receive pharmacotherapy. Regional differences in pharmacotherapy utilization exist; the South consistently had the fewest pregnant admissions with OUD receiving pharmacotherapy. Conclusion Although the proportion of pregnant admissions to substance use treatment centers with OUD has increased since the mid-1990s, the proportion receiving pharmacotherapy has not changed. Significant variations in pharmacotherapy utilization exist by geography and demographic, substance use and treatment characteristics. Utilization of pharmacotherapy at publically funded treatment centers providing care for pregnant women with OUD should be expanded.
A Comparison of Occupational Therapy Practice in Rural and Urban School Systems.

This study compares rural and urban occupational therapy practice in school systems. Two hundred and fifty-two occupational therapists in the Northwest region of the United States were surveyed. Service delivery mechanisms, caseloads, continuing education, and academic preparation were issues of concern, especially for rural therapists. Implications for future occupational therapy practice in rural school systems are discussed.
Three Types of Potential Needed in Predicting Conformations of Molecules in Solution and their Use

Quantum-mechanically one calculates an adiabatic [1] potential energy (PE) surface U(R M ) in studying the shape of a molecule M by itself (in vacuo). To distinguish this from the others below, we shall refer to it as the U-potential.
Stomatal Anatomy and Stomatal Resistance

This chapter starts by describing stomatal anatomy. Stomata of dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants are compared. A section is devoted to the theory of diffusion through stomatal pores, which includes a description of Brown and Escombe's diameter law. Mechanisms controlling stomatal opening are reviewed. The resistances that control water loss through a leaf are enumerated and defined. They are the epidermal resistance, made up of the stomatal resistance and the cuticular resistance, and the boundary-layer resistance. Because these resistances can act in series or in parallel, the physics behind resistors in series and in parallel is reviewed. Methods used to measure stomatal aperture and stomatal resistance are listed. Instruments (called porometers) available commercially to measure stomatal resistance are described and illustrated, and their theory of operation is given. The theory used in diffusion porometry depends on Fick's law of diffusion. An appendix gives the biography of Fick.
Hormonal Responses to Exercise in Non-Athletic Women

Women who had a history of regular menstrual cycles and who had not participated in a regular exercise or sports program for at least six months were recruited for a study of the effects of initiation of an exercise program on ovulation. After a control menstrual cycle during which basal hormone levels and the occurrence of ovulation were assessed, exercise on a treadmill was begun on the first day of the second menstrual cycle; exercise was continued at 85% of maximum heart rate for three sessions per week of from 15 to 30 minutes. The effect of this program on ovulation, luteal function, and on levels of Cortisol, testosterone, prolactin and growth hormone measured 10 minutes after cessation of exercise was studied during the month of exercise and at the same times of day in pre- and postexercise control months. Initiation of the exercise program resulted in a shortening of the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle with no effect on luteal phase length or on progesterone levels or pregnanediol excretion during the luteal phase. Testosterone and growth hormone were significantly elevated after exercise by comparison with values obtained during the control months, but Cortisol and prolactin were not. Cortisol levels may have been measured too soon after exercise began to detect an elevation. However, the complete absence of a prolactin elevation may be the reason for the failure of the brief exposure to exercise of this intensity to affect ovulation.
Should every embryo undergo preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy? A review of the modern approach to in vitro fertilization.

Abstract Aneuploid conceptions constitute the majority of pregnancy failures in women of advanced maternal age. The best way to combat age-related decline in fertility is through preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A). PGT-A allows for better embryo selection, which improves implantation rates with single embryo transfer and reduces miscarriage rates. Single embryo transfers decrease multiple gestations and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm or low birth weight infants. Advancements in extended embryo culture, blastocyst biopsy techniques, and 24-chromosome aneuploidy screening platforms have made PGT-A safe and accessible for all patients who undergo in vitro fertilization. Improved genomic coverage of new sequencing platforms, such as next-generation sequencing, has increased the identification and diagnosis of mosaicism and partial aneuploidies in preimplantation embryos. Mosaic embryos have decreased viability compared to euploid embryos when transferred, but some mosaic embryos result in normal live births. Whole genome amplification artifacts may contribute to a misdiagnosis of mosaicism, or some mosaic embryos may self-correct to euploid after implantation. For this reason, patients without euploid embryos should be given the option of transferring mosaic embryos after genetic counseling. Further research is needed to characterize which mosaic embryos may be viable.
DomainBuilder: the knowledge authoring system for SlideTutor Intelligent Tutoring system

One of the major challenges in the development of medical Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) is the development of authored content, a time-consuming process that requires participation of discipline experts. In this publication, we describe the development of software systems called DomainBuilder and TutorBuilder, designed to streamline and simplify the authoring process for general medical ITSs. The aim of these systems is to allow physicians without programming or ITSs background to create a domain knowledge base and author tutor cases in a time efficient manner. DomainBuilder combined knowledge authoring, case authoring, and validation tasks into a single work environment, enabling multiple authoring strategies. Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods were integrated for parsing existing clinical reports to speed case authoring. Similarly, TutorBuilder was designed to allow users to customize all aspects of ITSs, including user interface, pedagogic module, feedback module, etc. Both systems underwent formal usability studies with physicians specializing in dermatology. Open-ended questions assessed usability of the system and satisfaction with its features. Incorporating feedback from usability studies, DomainBuilder and TutorBuilder systems were deployed and used across multiple universities to create customized medical tutoring curriculum. Overall, both systems were well received by medical professionals participating in usability studies with participants highlighting ease of utilization and clarity of presentation. Usability study participants were able to successfully use the system for the authoring tasks. DomainBuilder and TutorBuilder are novel tools that combine comprehensive aspects of content creation, including creation of domain ontologies, case authoring, and validation.
Managing Public Attention, Signaling Domestic Resolve: Open Threats and Crisis Bargaining

How do open threats affect crisis bargaining? The literature suggests that a democratic leader’s open threat to use force is more credible, because democratic citizens are more capable of punishing the leader for making empty threats. However, the public concern about reputation may be offset by its disfavor for war. I develop a crisis-bargaining model that addresses how a leader chooses the strategy of engaging public attention to signal resolve in the shadow of both reputation concerns and public opinion about policy substance. Whether increasing public attention signals resolve depends on a leader’s political constraint by public opinion on war and peace. If constrained by hawkish public opinion only, a leader increases public attention to signal partially the domestic willingness to fight, though the signal cannot completely eliminate an adversary’s uncertainty. If fully constrained by public opinion, a leader increasing public attention reveals the domestic willingness to compromise rather than to fight. The model shows that the connection between political constraints and credible signaling is conditioned on the distribution of power between states. When an adversary is weak, surprisingly, full political constraints induce a leader with hawkish citizens to hide domestic resolve, keeping the adversary uninformed and thus mobilizing military escalation with public support.
Complex multimorbidity, perceived life expectancy, and routine cancer screening receipt: Differences between older women and men.

e13071Background: Complex multimorbidity (MM) predicts poor health outcomes. How MM predicts preventive health services receipt, such as cancer screening, is less clear. Yet cancer screening decisi...
The Sensory Landscape of the Mid-Nineteenth-Century Connecticut River Valley

Landscapes have long been a focus of archaeological study, with particular attention paid to how they serve to shape the relationship between structures and features across space. More recently, archaeologists have begun to consider the experiential dimension of the landscape and how the senses serve to mediate how people make sense of space and place. Through careful analysis of the multisensory landscape of the mid-19th-century Connecticut River valley and the sensory world of the blind and Black abolitionist, journalist, and doctor David Ruggles, the process whereby people come to be connected to historical processes materially and sensually is revealed. This analysis illustrates how abolition, industrialization, and racialization were experienced through the senses and how they impacted Ruggles’s experience of the landscape.
Capital controls and foreign exchange market intervention

Abstract High level of capital controls and volatile exchange rates in developing countries are considered suboptimal in classical trilemma frameworks. The paper presents a New Keynesian small open economy model that assesses middle-ground policies, such as partial capital controls and managed exchange regimes. The paper introduces a policy-endogenous risk premium, which creates financial frictions; breaking exchange rate peg exposes foreign investors to exchange rate risk and even signals the country’s economic instability, and financial sector responds by raising the country’s exchange rate risk premium. Contrary to the classical theory, the results suggest that implementing both capital controls and managed exchange regimes can be optimal, while maintaining domestic monetary policy sovereignty.
PtNPs decorated chemically derived graphene and carbon nanotubes for sensitive and selective glucose biosensing

Abstract A hybrid glucose biosensor was developed based on glucose oxidase immobilized on platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) decorated chemically derived graphene (CG) and carbon nanotube electrode platform for highly sensitive and selective glucose sensing. Chemically derived graphene and carboxylic groups functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes composite (C@MWCNTs) were synthesized using one step solvothermal technique to result in a suspension of the synthesized nanocomposite. The nanocomposite solution was drop casted on the gold electrode to form a thin film onto which PtNPs was electrochemically deposited. Glucose oxidase was immobilized on the nanostructured electrode and subsequently coated with nafion for selective glucose sensing. The fabricated hybrid biosensor exhibited good electrocatalytic activity towards glucose with a linear dynamic range of 0.5 mM to 13.5 mM with a fast response time of
Direct P-wave anisotropy measurements at Homestake Mine: implications for wave propagation in continental crust

We measured anisotropic seismic properties of schists of the Homestake Formation located at a depth of 1478 m in the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in the Black Hills of South Dakota, USA. We deployed a 24-element linear array of three-component geophones in an area in the Homestake Mine called 19-ledge. An airless jackhammer source was used to shoot two profiles: (1) a walkaway survey to appraise any distance dependence and (2) a fan shot profile to measure variations with azimuth. Slowness estimates from the fan shot profile show a statistically significant deviation with azimuth with the expected 180° variation with azimuth. We measured P-wave particle motion deviations from data rotated to ray coordinates using three methods: (1) a conventional principal component method, (2) a novel grid search method that maximized longitudinal motion over a range of search angles and (3) the multiwavelet method. The multiwavelet results were computed in two frequency bands of 200–600 and 100–300 Hz. Results were binned by azimuth and averaged with a robust estimation method with error bars estimated by a bootstrap method. The particle motion results show large, statistically significant variations with azimuth with a 180° cyclicity. We modelled the azimuthal variations in compressional wave speed and angular deviation from purely longitudinal particle motion of P-waves using an elastic tensor method to appraise the relative importance of crystalline fabric relative to fracturing parallel to foliation. The model used bulk averages of crystal fabric measured for an analogous schist sample from southeast Vermont rotated to the Homestake Formation foliation directions supplied by SURF from old mine records. We found with average crustal crack densities crack induced anisotropy had only a small effect on the observables. We found strong agreement in the traveltime data. The observed amplitudes of deviations of P particle motion showed significantly larger variation than the model predictions and a 20° phase shift in azimuth. We attribute the inadequacies of the model fit to the particle motion data to inadequacies in the analogue rock and/or near receiver distortions from smaller scale heterogeneity. We discuss the surprising variability of signals recorded in this experimental data. We show clear examples of unexplained resonances and unexpected variations on a scale much smaller than a wavelength that has broad implications for wave propagation in real rocks.
Uniqueness of Power Flow Solutions Using Monotonicity and Network Topology

This article establishes sufficient conditions for the uniqueness of AC power flow solutions via the monotonic relationship between real power flow and the phase angle difference. More specifically, we prove that the $P-\Theta$ power flow problem has at most one solution for any acyclic or GSP graph. In addition, for arbitrary cyclic power networks, we show that multiple distinct solutions cannot exist under the assumption that angle differences across the lines are bounded by some limit related to the maximal girth of the network. In these cases, a vector of voltage phase angles can be uniquely determined (up to an absolute phase shift) given a vector of real power injections within the realizable range. The implication of this result for the classical power flow analysis is that under the conditions specified above, the problem has a unique physically realizable solution if the phasor voltage magnitudes are fixed. We also introduce a series–parallel operator and show that this operator obtains a reduced and easier-to-analyze model for the power system without changing the uniqueness of power flow solutions.
Interaction and influence of child and family characteristics upon success of weight management treatment.

Interventions to address childhood obesity demonstrate moderate effects at best. Previous research has focused on factors of the intervention that influence success. Yet, effective overweight and obesity interventions require an interaction between family and individual factors. It is vital to characterize those who are successful vs. those who are not within treatment based on these factors. This study utilized data from an existing multidisciplinary (i.e., nutrition, physical therapy, psychology, and medicine) group treatment for children with overweight and obesity. Children (N = 113) were given the Behavior Assessment System for Children, the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, and completed an interview at baseline, then height and weight were measured at 6 months and 12 months post-intervention. Latent class analysis was used to determine how family and individual characteristics and behavior interact and group together to characterize individuals who lose weight vs. do not lose weight during treatment. The four-cluster model was the best fit for the data. The four identified groups delineated one for whom treatment was successful, and three for whom treatment was not successful. Those three were differentiated by families who appeared to have inconsistent engagement with treatment, families who appeared to not be engaged with treatment, and families who had baseline risk factors that likely require a significantly higher level of treatment. Characterizing the differences between those who successfully respond to this treatment from those who were unsuccessful can help identify those most likely to benefit from treatment. Future research and treatment considerations should include treatment modifications for nonresponders. Level III, longitudinal cohort study.
Examining Sex Differences in the Human Placental Transcriptome During the First Fetal Androgen Peak.

Sex differences in human placenta exist from early pregnancy to term, however, it is unclear whether these differences are driven solely by sex chromosome complement or are subject to differential sex hormonal regulation. Here, we survey the human chorionic villus (CV) transcriptome for sex-linked signatures from 11 to 16 gestational weeks, corresponding to the first window of increasing testis-derived androgen production in male fetuses. Illumina HiSeq RNA sequencing was performed on Lexogen Quantseq 3′ libraries derived from CV biopsies (n = 11 females, n = 12 males). Differential expression (DE) was performed to identify sex-linked transcriptional signatures, followed by chromosome mapping, pathway analysis, predicted protein interaction, and post-hoc linear regressions to identify transcripts that trend over time. We observe 322 transcripts DE between male and female CV from 11 to 16 weeks, with 22 transcripts logFC > 1. Contrary to our predictions, the difference between male and female expression of DE autosomal genes was more pronounced at the earlier gestational ages. In females, we found selective upregulation of extracellular matrix components, along with a number of X-linked genes. In males, DE transcripts centered on chromosome 19, with mitochondrial, immune, and pregnancy maintenance-related transcripts upregulated. Among the highest differentially expressed autosomal genes were CCRL2, LGALS13, and LGALS14, which are known to regulate immune cell interactions. Our results provide insight into sex-linked gene expression in late first and early second trimester developing human placenta and lay the groundwork to understand the mechanistic origins of sex differences in prenatal development.
Broad-scale alpha- and beta- diversity patterns are robust to use of exact sequence variants versus operational taxonomic units

Abstract Recent controversy focuses on the best method for delineating microbial taxa, based on either traditional operational taxonomic units (OTUs) or exact sequence variants (ESVs) of marker gene sequences. We sought to test if the binning approach (ESVs versus OTUs defined by >97% sequence similarity) affected the conclusions of a large field study. The dataset included sequences targeting all bacteria (16S) and fungi (ITS), across multiple environments diverging markedly in abiotic conditions, over three collection times. Despite quantitative differences in microbial richness, we found that all alpha- and beta-diversity metrics were highly positively correlated (r > 0.90) between samples analyzed with both approaches. Consequently, statistical inferences were nearly indistinguishable. Further, ESVs only moderately increased the genetic resolution of fungal and bacterial diversity (1.3 and 2.1 times OTU richness, respectively). We conclude that for broad-scale (e.g., all bacteria or all fungi) alpha- and beta-diversity analyses, OTU or ESV methods will often reveal similar ecological results. Thus, while there are good reasons to employ ESVs, we need not question the validity of results based on OTUs. There are advantages and disadvantages of both, and which binning method to employ will depend on question/data in hand.
Cash welfare as a consumption smoothing mechanism for divorced mothers

Abstract While there has been considerable research on the disincentive effects of cash welfare under the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program, there is little evidence on the benefits of the program for single mothers and their children. One potential benefit of this program is that it provides short-run consumption insurance for women at the point that they become single mothers. This is only true, however, to the extent that the program is not crowding out other sources of support, such as own savings, labor supply, or transfers from others. I assess the importance of this insurance mechanism by measuring the extent to which AFDC smooths the consumption of women who transition to single motherhood through marital dissolution. I use longitudinal data on family structure and consumption expenditures on food and housing from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), matched to information on the welfare benefits available in each state and year over the 1968–1985 period. I find that raising potential benefits by one dollar raises the food and housing consumption of women who get divorced (and their families) by 28 cents. This estimate implies that for each dollar of AFDC received by this population their consumption of these categories of goods rises by up to 51 cents. This is roughly the share of food and housing in the consumption bundle of divorced mothers and their families, suggesting little crowdout of other sources of support.
Genetic Landscape of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms with an Emphasis on Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory Testing

Chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are hematopoietic stem cell neoplasms with driver events including the BCR-ABL1 translocation leading to a diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), or somatic mutations in JAK2, CALR, or MPL resulting in Philadelphia-chromosome-negative MPNs with constitutive activation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. In the Philadelphia-chromosome-negative MPNs, modern sequencing panels have identified a vast molecular landscape including additional mutations in genes involved in splicing, signal transduction, DNA methylation, and chromatin modification such as ASXL1, SF3B1, SRSF2, and U2AF1. These additional mutations often influence prognosis in MPNs and therefore are increasingly important for risk stratification. This review focuses on the molecular alterations within the WHO classification of MPNs and laboratory testing used for diagnosis.
Encoding Table Constraints in CLP(FD) Based on Pair-Wise AC

We present an implementation of table constraints in CLP(FD). For binary constraints, the supports of each value are represented as a finite-domain variable, and action rules are used to propagate value exclusions. The bit-vector representation of finite domains facilitates constant-time removal of unsupported values. For n-ary constraints, we propose pair-wise arc consistency (AC), which ensures that each value has a support in the domain of every related variable. Pair-wise AC does not require introducing new problem variables as done in binarization methods and allows for compact representation of constraints. Nevertheless, pair-wise AC is weaker than general arc consistency (GAC) in terms of pruning power and requires a final check when a constraint becomes ground. To remedy this weakness, we propose adopting early checks when constraints are sufficiently instantiated. Our experimentation shows that pair-wise AC with early checking is as effective as GAC for positive constraints.
Perron-Frobenius measure of systemic risk of cascading overload in complex clouds: Work in progress

Dynamic resource sharing has both positive and negative effects on the system performance. Current research mostly concentrates on the positive effect resulting from the statistical multiplexing gain. However, the negative effect resulting from the unavoidable overhead, e.g., due to coordination or delays for accessing distant resources, may outweight the positive effect. This possibility has been demonstrated analytically and through simulations as well as has been observed in operational networks with dynamic routing, when a positive effect of bandwidth sharing is offset by using unnecessary long routes. Emergence and proliferation of cloud computing necessitates better understanding of the risk of cascading overload in highly distributed complex resource sharing systems. This paper, which represents work in progress, attempts to make a case for the Perron-Frobenius eigenvalue of the mean-field equations linearized about the "operational" system equilibrium to be viewed as a measure of the systemic risk of cascading overload in complex resource sharing systems. For simplicity of the exposition we consider a loss service model. Future research will investigate practical applicability and a possibility of online estimation of the proposed risk measure.
Role of Credit and Lending Services in the Economy of Northeast Pennsylvania

Credit and lending services (technically, the nondepository credit intermediation industry) are an important part of the history and economy of northeast Pennsylvania counties (includes Berks, Carbon, Lackawanna, Lehigh, Luzerne, Monroe, Northampton, Pike, and Wayne counties). The industry creates jobs and compensation for workers throughout these counties and influences tax revenues in the counties.
Reação vascular crônica secundária à sobreposição de stents farmacológicos

rescentes evidencias sustentam os beneficios cli-nicos dos stents farmacologicos (DES) em umamplo espectro de pacientes e tipos de lesoes. Aseguranca e a eficacia da sobreposicao dos DES, emevolucao de medio prazo, tem sido relatadas em estudosrandomizados e registros que comparam alguns DESversus stents nao-farmacologicos
Hemodynamic Changes Associated with Interictal Epileptiform Activities Using Simultaneous Video Electro-encephalography (EEG)/Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) in Patient Self Control Study (P4.330)

OBJECTIVE: To correlate focal epileptiform activities with regional cerebral oxygen saturation. BACKGROUND: NIRS is a non-invasive method for continuous measuring of cerebral oxygenation (SaO2), which has been used to monitor cerebral oxygenation and blood flow in various conditions. Different types of hemodynamic changes during seizures have been described: cerebral blood flow and volume may increase or decrease in relation to hyper or hypometabolism. Cerebral Somanetic Oximeter monitor is a FDA approved device, evaluates changes in regional hemoglobin oxygen saturation using single-use, dual-detector sensors that measure photon return from 2 depths of penetration (730nm and 810nm). DESIGN/METHODS: This study included 4 patients age from 5 to 17 years with medically refractory epilepsy - partial complex seizures, undergoing pre-surgical evaluation. Informed consent was obtained from the parents of all subjects.This study was approved by the Medical College of Wisconsin Institutional Review Board. RESULTS: Two patients had hypometabolic area, which confirmed by PET scan, showed clear low hemodynamic changes (20% decreases) in NIRS compared to the contra lateral hemisphere. Two patients had baseline hemispheric hyper-perfusion on NIRS, which were correlated with baseline more epileptiform activity compared to contralateral hemisphere. CONCLUSIONS:This study showed a clear hemodynamic response associated with interictal epileptiform discharges and during ictal events. The hemodynamic changes observed in NIRS study could potentially provide further insight into the pathophysiology of the evolution of seizures. NIRS could become useful adjunct to EEG. It’s inexpensive, portable, and has high temporal resolution. Study Supported by: This study was supported by the Bleser Endowed Chair in Neurology (Dr. Whelan), the Baumann Research Endowment (Dr. Whelan), and a Covidien NIRS Grant (Dr. Whelan). Disclosure: Dr. Sannagowdara has nothing to disclose.
The Fourth Amendment's Concept of Reasonableness

This Article examines the Supreme Court's treatment of the Fourth Amendment's fundamental command - that a search or seizure be reasonable. It traces that treatment over time. Currently, there are at least five principal models that the Court currently chooses from to measure reasonableness: the warrant preference model; the individualized suspicion model; the totality of the circumstances test; the balancing test; and a hybrid model giving dispositive weight to the common law. Because the Court has done little to establish a meaningful hierarchy among the models, the Court in any situation may choose whichever model it sees fit to apply. Thus, cases decided within weeks of each other have had fundamentally different-and irreconcilable - approaches to measuring the permissibility of an intrusion. Looking forward, the article sets out a principled framework for measuring reasonableness, grounded in the Framer's values and characterized by a hierarchy of principles grounded in objective criteria outside the government's control.
Interpersonal communication and human relationships

Part I Human Communication in Developing Relationships 1 Communication: The Lifeblood of Relationships Relationship Messages Five Important Misconceptions About Communication in Relationships How Communication Changes as Our Relationships Develop Dimensions of Communication: Patterns and Variations Summary Selected Readings Notes 2 Stages of Coming Together and Coming Apart Types of Relationships A Model of Interaction Stages in Relationships Interaction Stages Movement: In, Out, and Around Stages Summary Selected Readings Notes Part II Factors Affecting Human Communication Behavior in Relationships 3 The Nature of the Communicators The Influence of Interpersonal Needs The Role of Interpersonal Needs Analyzing Our Own Needs and Those of Others Interpersonal Needs Across the Lifespan Interpersonal Needs of Females and Males Summary Selected Readings Notes 4 The Communication Environment: Cultural and Physical The Influence of the Cultural Environment The Influence of the Immediate Physical Environment or Setting Summary Selected Readings Notes Part III Interaction Patterns for Coming Together 5 The Genesis of Dialogue Getting Together Sizing Up the Other Person The Many Faces of Attraction Summary Selected Readings Notes 6 Interaction Rituals Communication Rules The Rhetoric of Hello Forms of Address Relationship "Openers" Small(?) Talk Summary Selected Readings Notes 7 The Foundations of Intimate Dialogue Types of Love Liking Versus Loving Intimacy and Close Relationships Foundations of Intimacy Summary Selected Readings Notes Part IV Interaction Patterns and the Maintenance of Relationships 8 Maintaining Relationships Through Dialogue: Disclosures, Lies, and Fights Relationship Maintenance Self-Disclosure, Confidentiality, and Trust Lying Constructive Conflict Summary Selected Readings Notes 9 Maintaining Relationships Through Dialogue: Commitment and Intimacy Commitment and Commitment Talk Personal Idioms Giving Compliments and Gifts Giving Comfort and Advice Persuasion Sex Talk Intimate Play Intimacy Without Words Summary Selected Readings Notes Part V Interaction Patterns for Coming Apart 10 Communication and the Process of Relationship Disengagement Terminating Relationships Communication During Relationship Decay: Return of the Stranger Summary Selected Readings Notes 11 The Dialogue of Distance and De-escalation Some Potentially Destructive Patterns of Communication: An Interpersonal Chamber of Horrors Summary Selected Readings Notes Part VI Toward More Effective Communication in Relationships 12 Evaluating and Developing Effective Communication in Relationships The Relativity of Effective Communication Perceptions of Effective Communication Rx for Effective Communication Becoming an Effective Communicator Writing Your Own Story Communicating Effectively Together Summary Selected Readings Notes Author Index Subject Index
The leader in you.

A practice-based theory of nursing leadership, the Integrated Leadership Practice Model, promotes job satisfaction and motivates staff to participate in activities that will produce quality customer outcomes. The author lists applications for nurse leaders.
Neurons Containing Hypocretin (Orexin) Project to Multiple Neuronal Systems

The novel neuropeptides called hypocretins (orexins) have recently been identified as being localized exclusively in cell bodies in a subregion of the tuberal part of the hypothalamus. The structure of the hypocretins, their accumulation in vesicles of axon terminals, and their excitatory effect on cultured hypothalamic neurons suggest that the hypocretins function in intercellular communication. To characterize these peptides further and to help understand what physiological functions they may serve, we undertook an immunohistochemical study to examine the distribution of preprohypocretin-immunoreactive neurons and fibers in the rat brain. Preprohypocretin-positive neurons were found in the perifornical nucleus and in the dorsal and lateral hypothalamic areas. These cells were distinct from those that express melanin-concentrating hormone. Although they represent a restricted group of cells, their projections were widely distributed in the brain. We observed labeled fibers throughout the hypothalamus. The densest extrahypothalamic projection was found in the locus coeruleus. Fibers were also seen in the septal nuclei, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the paraventricular and reuniens nuclei of the thalamus, the zona incerta, the subthalamic nucleus, the central gray, the substantia nigra, the raphe nuclei, the parabrachial area, the medullary reticular formation, and the nucleus of the solitary tract. Less prominent projections were found in cortical regions, central and anterior amygdaloid nuclei, and the olfactory bulb. These results suggest that hypocretins are likely to have a role in physiological functions in addition to food intake such as regulation of blood pressure, the neuroendocrine system, body temperature, and the sleep–waking cycle.
A O (1/ε 2 ) n -time sieving algorithm for approximate integer programming

The Integer Programming Problem (IP) for a polytope P⊆ℝn is to find an integer point in P or decide that P is integer free. We give a randomized algorithm for an approximate version of this problem, which correctly decides whether P contains an integer point or whether a (1+e)-scaling of P about its center of gravity is integer free in O(1/e2)n-time and O(1/e)n-space with overwhelming probability. We reduce this approximate IP question to an approximate Closest Vector Problem (CVP) in a "near-symmetric" semi-norm, which we solve via a randomized sieving technique first developed by Ajtai, Kumar, and Sivakumar (STOC 2001). Our main technical contribution is an extension of the AKS sieving technique which works for any near-symmetric semi-norm. Our results also extend to general convex bodies and lattices.
Emergency medical care in the athletes' village: World University Games 1993.

OBJECTIVE Little information exists concerning special medical needs at the athletes' residence (as distinct from the sport venues) at major international sporting events. During the summer of 1993, Buffalo, New York became the first city in the United States to host the World University Games. Approximately 6,000 athletes and accompanying staff from 118 countries attended. This report seeks to characterize emergency medical care use and the degree of language difficulty encountered at the athletes' village medical center (AVMC) set up at the athletes' residence for this event. METHODS Demographic data were collected prospectively for each athlete or staff member housed in the athletes' village who presented to AVMC for medical evaluation rather than being cared for by a team physician or at one of the venues. Difficulty in medical treatment secondary to language differences was assessed by the treating physician on a scale of 0-3. RESULTS Over the 14 days that the AVMC was in operation, for 24 hours a day, a total of 362 athletes (mean age: 22.9 +/- 2.9 years, 257 males, 105 females) and 149 accompanying staff (mean age: 39.8 +/- 11.6 years, 110 males, 39 females) were treated. More than 90% of the patients were seen between the hours of 0800 and 2400. A broad spectrum of minor medical problems occurred, with musculoskeletal injuries accounting for most of the visits for both athletes (54%) and staff (27%). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and oral antibiotics were the most commonly prescribed medications. On-site radiographic facilities were used for 22% of the athletes and 11% of the staff treated. The majority of patients (92% of athletes, 91% of staff) were discharged from the AVMC. Four of the 12 patients that were transferred to a hospital-based emergency department were admitted to the hospital. Language problems, as assessed by the treating physician, were mostly minor; 25% of the patients had accompanying interpreters. One volunteer physician, and two to three nurses adequately staffed each shift. CONCLUSION The AVMC provided medical care for a large variety of medical problems that could be treated on-site without transfer to a higher-level facility, thereby providing directed medical care for this special population in a secure environment. Language differences were perceived as a minor problem. This report should be valuable in the planning of medical care at the athletes' residences for similarly large sporting events.