cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Validation of reverse phase protein array for practical screening of potential biomarkers in serum and plasma: accurate detection of CA19-9 levels in pancreatic cancer

The current study analyzed reverse phase protein arrays (RPPA) as a means to experimentally validate biomarkers in blood samples. One microliter samples of sera (n = 71), and plasma (n = 78) were serially diluted and printed on NC-coated slides. CA19-9 levels from RPPA results were compared with identical patient samples as measured by ELISA. There was a strong correlation between RPPA and ELISA (r = 0.87) as determined by scatter plots. Sample reproducibility of CA19-9 levels was excellent (interslide correlation r = 0.88; intraslide correlation r = 0.83). The ability of RPPA to accurately distinguish CA19-9 levels between cancer and noncancer samples were determined using receiver operating characteristic curves and compared with ELISA. The AUC for RPPA and ELISA was comparable (0.87 and 0.86, respectively). When the mean CA19-9 levels of normal samples was used as a cutoff for RPPA and compared with the standard clinical ELISA cutoff, comparable specificities (71% for both) were observed. Notably, RPPA samples normalized to albumin showed increased sensitivity compared to ELISA (90% vs. 75%). As RPPA is a high-throughput method that shows results comparable to that of ELISA, we propose that RPPA is a viable technique for rapid experimental screening and validation of candidate biomarkers in blood samples.
Ethics and the Digital Age of Discovery

A new age of healthcare has dawned with reliance upon digital technology for obtaining answers to complex health issues. Technology offers problem-solving applications for implementation of healthcare delivery that remains too unsafe, unreliable, unsatisfying, and expensive. The author offers insights into the ethics and implications of the healthcare providers' dependence on digital technology. She further suggests possibilities for the utilization of technology from a nursing theoretical perspective that honors the importance of human discovery and the expansion of disciplinary theoretical knowledge for future professional nurse practice.
Isaac Newton, The Calculus of Variations, and the Design of Ships

Mathematical and sociological judgment concurs in the belief that the Principia shows how Newton developed pure science for a practical purpose. In particular, the way in which “the problem of ship design led Newton to the calculus of variations”1 would appear to be evidence of the social roots of scientific innovation in the seventeenth century. Newton’s statement is brief. He has been comparing different shapes or figures of solids of revolution as to their resistance, under certain given conditions, to being moved; then he says, only, “This proposition I conceive may be of use in the building of ships.”2
Promoting Uniform Law in Countries Influenced by Islamic Law: The Example of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods

Contract law represents a crucial area in all legal systems. Indeed, the fundamental features of any jurisdiction are typically reflected in its contract law. Contract law is also an area of critical importance for economic development. It is therefore not surprising that legislative models in this area that are deemed to be more efficient are often transplanted into other jurisdictions.The most recent, and possibly the most modern of those models is the United Nations Convention on Contracts for International Sale of Goods, 1980 (“CISG”), which has known remarkable success both as a treaty and as a source of inspiration for regional and national legislation, as well as for the preparation of complementary texts of a contractual nature.This paper aims at assessing the impact of the CISG in the Arab world both as a treaty and as a model law. It will also present arguments in favor of broader CISG adoption in Arab jurisdictions, as well as the possible use of the CISG as a basis for regional harmonization. It is submitted that not only increased familiarity with and use of the CISG would be beneficial to Arab countries, but also steady participation of Arab countries in drafting, adopting and implementing uniform law could ensure that their views and needs are kept in full consideration in global codification efforts, in line with the mercantile tradition of the region.
A note on computing the center of uncertain data on the real line

We consider the one-dimensional one-center problem on uncertain data. We are given a set P of n (weighted) uncertain points on a real line L and each uncertain point is specified by a probability density function that is a piecewise-uniform function (i.e., a histogram). The goal is to find a point c (the center) on L such that the maximum expected distance from c to all uncertain points of P is minimized. We present a linear-time algorithm for this problem.
Constructing an instrument to measure the rate of aging in female pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina).

To develop a battery of innocuous tests measuring individual differences in the rate of biological aging, longitudinal data were gathered on 28 biochemical, physiological, and morphological characteristics of 40 adult female pigtailed macaques. The change in each variable over time, i.e., the beta coefficient of linear regression, was calculated for each animal, and a matrix of correlations among the variables was constructed. Eight variables correlated well with the first principal component of the matrix. These variables (rate of fingernail growth, blood lymphocytes, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, immunoglobulin A, and serum sodium, chloride, total protein, and creatinine) represented the best subset of the potential biomarkers analyzed to produce an index covering a range of morphologic and functional systems that change with age. A similar set representing a wider range of systems and measured over a larger fraction of the life span should provide a valid index of an individual's rate of biological aging.
Determination of ivermectin in salmon muscle tissue by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection

A liquid chromatographic method was developed for determination of ivermectin B1a (IVR) extracted from raw fortified and incurred Atlantic salmon muscle tissues. The method was also used to determine fortified doramectin (DOR) in Atlantic salmon. Tissue extract was applied to C8 solid-phase extraction (SPE) column, followed by a silica SPE column. Residues in the eluate were treated with trifluoroacetic anhydride and methylimidazole to dehydrate the IVR molecule and form an aromatic fluorescent moiety with a trifluoroacetic ester. This product was subsequently treated with ammonium acetate in methanol to cleave the ester and convert the functional group back to a stable alcohol form. The analytes were determined by fluorescence with excitation at 272 nm and emission at 465 nm. A C18 Hypersil column was used for analysis with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (90 + 10, v/v) and an oven temperature of 65 degrees C. IVR and DOR were determined at 5 fortification levels (1, 5, 10, 20, and 40 ppb). Intra-assay absolute recoveries ranged from 75 to 89% for IVR and from 73 to 85% for DOR. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) were < 7% in all cases. The limit of detection (3 x baseline noise) was 0.25 ppb extracted from tissue. Incurred tissues had an average concentration of 32 ppb, with an RSD of 3%.
Solomon--the ultimate moral expert?

When faced with difficult moral decisions, many people would prefer to shift the burden of moral responsibility to a moral expert. I imagine what appears to be the perfect moral expert: a computer program called SOLOMON designed to fit in a computer on one's wrist. After noting some advantages of using SOLOMON, I claim that moral agents would find individualizing the program as difficult as making moral decisions in the past. A revised version of the ultimate moral expert is also considered: one hires the wisest, kindest person on earth--Solome--to accompany one as a moral guide. However, turning over our moral problems to an expert, even to the noble Solome, still falls short. For the process of coming to moral decisions is itself import. One's values and personality may change as a result of moral deliberation.
Epistasis in protein evolution

The structure, function, and evolution of proteins depend on physical and genetic interactions among amino acids. Recent studies have used new strategies to explore the prevalence, biochemical mechanisms, and evolutionary implications of these interactions-called epistasis-within proteins. Here we describe an emerging picture of pervasive epistasis in which the physical and biological effects of mutations change over the course of evolution in a lineage-specific fashion. Epistasis can restrict the trajectories available to an evolving protein or open new paths to sequences and functions that would otherwise have been inaccessible. We describe two broad classes of epistatic interactions, which arise from different physical mechanisms and have different effects on evolutionary processes. Specific epistasis-in which one mutation influences the phenotypic effect of few other mutations-is caused by direct and indirect physical interactions between mutations, which nonadditively change the protein's physical properties, such as conformation, stability, or affinity for ligands. In contrast, nonspecific epistasis describes mutations that modify the effect of many others; these typically behave additively with respect to the physical properties of a protein but exhibit epistasis because of a nonlinear relationship between the physical properties and their biological effects, such as function or fitness. Both types of interaction are rampant, but specific epistasis has stronger effects on the rate and outcomes of evolution, because it imposes stricter constraints and modulates evolutionary potential more dramatically; it therefore makes evolution more contingent on low-probability historical events and leaves stronger marks on the sequences, structures, and functions of protein families.
Performing Orthodox Ritual in Byzantium

In this groundbreaking, interdisciplinary study, Andrew Walker White explores the origins of Byzantine ritual - the rites of the early Greek Orthodox Church - and its unique relationship with traditional theatre. Tracing the secularization of pagan theatre, the rise of rhetoric as an alternative to acting, as well as the transmission of ancient methods of musical composition into the Byzantine era, White demonstrates how Christian ritual was in effect a post-theatrical performing art, created by intellectuals who were fully aware of traditional theatre but who endeavoured to avoid it. The book explores how Orthodox rites avoid the aesthetic appreciation associated with secular art, and conducts an in-depth study (and reconstruction) of the late Byzantine Service of the Furnace. Often treated as a liturgical drama, White translates and delineates the features of five extant versions, to show how and why it generated widely diverse audience reactions in both medieval times and our own.
Charging state aware optimal auction design for sensor selection in crowdsourcing based sensor networks

In this paper, crowdsourcing based wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with rechargeable sensors are used for target localization. For rechargeable sensors, the state of charge (SOC) is one of the key factors that decides the sensors' energy cost for the localization task. To conserve limited resources, the fusion center (FC) employs an optimal sensor selection scheme obtained through an auction design approach. The sensors compete to participate in the target localization task by sending bids based on their energy efficiency (analog data) and SOC (quantized data) to the FC. Aiming at maximizing the expected utility, the FC designs an optimal auction mechanism incorporating both analog information about sensors' energy efficiency and quantized information of the SOC and decides on the winning sensor(s) as well as the payment to the winner(s). Simulation experiments show the effective performance of our framework by investigating the effect of the SOC of the sensors on the utility of the FC and the target localization mean square error (MSE).
Electron Spins in Ionic Molecular Structures

Magnetism in ionic compounds has been investigated from the earliest decades of the twentieth century, culminating during the middle years with a plethora of research results from a variety of academic, government, and industrial laboratories. Motivation behind these efforts came mainly from two directions: microwave spectroscopy of individual magnetic ions in paramagnetic crystals that served as the foundation of amplification devices, e.g., the maser, that were intended for advanced radar and communications applications, and the multidiscipline investigations of ferrimagnetic oxide materials (ferrites) for high frequency and microwave applications, as well as for the burgeoning field of information storage and the more conventional functions requiring high permeability combined with electrical insulating properties for electromagnet and inductor cores. The scientific endeavors over these years were staggering in scope as is evidenced by the volumes of literature produced during the period following World War II and extending into the 1970s. More recently three advances that involve the transport of charge carriers has re-energized the field of magnetic oxides. Among these initiatives is high-temperature superconductivity, magneto-resistance, and polarized-spin transport found in select transition-metal oxide compounds that offer the promise of integration for the enabling of future electronic technologies.
Collaborative backup for self-interested hosts

Despite its importance, current approaches to backup are inadequate. Large-scale solutions require aggregation of substantial demand to justify the costs of managing a large, centralized repository. Small-scale solutions require significant administrative effort by the end user. This dissertation presents Pastiche, a low-cost, convenient backup service. Pastiche exploits excess disk capacity to create a peer-to-peer storage collective on independent, untrusted, and self-interested hosts. Costs and inconvenience are kept low by taking advantage of the excess storage capacity provided by individual contributors and through self-organization distributed components. Because hosts can come and go without warning, data is replicated at multiple hosts, called backup buddies. To reduce the cost of replication, users try to identify hosts that already have most of their data so that they only have to send what it is unique to them. This reduces the global storage burden and bandwidth overhead. A study of workstations in the EECS department revealed that for common installations, nodes can expect to find sufficient number of buddies with between 30% and 70% common data. Because hosts are self-interested, Pastiche is vulnerable to free-loading. If not kept in check, free-loading can collapse the collective. We explore three strategies for eliminating free-loading in Pastiche: bilateral-equal exchange, storage claims, and cyclic exchange. To begin, storage must be allocated through bilateral, equal exchange between hosts. If A stores data on B, B stores an equal amount on A. A can periodically query B to ensure that its data is honored, and vice-versa. If either fails a query, its data is dropped in retaliation. Unfortunately, bilateral, equal exchange overconstrains storage allocation because it requires a double coincidence of wants between hosts. To enable more flexible allocation, nodes can use storage claims---uncompressible, storage placeholders. Claims are traded for actual data and can be used as a store of value for future exchanges through overwriting and forwarding. To provide greater data reliability, we can use cyclic exchange . Cyclic exchange provides flexible, fair, and sustainable storage allocation with low network and storage overhead. In cyclic exchange, nodes construct a distributed demand graph based on their preferred storage sites.
Leveraging high performance computing to drive advanced manufacturing R&D at the US department of energy

Manufacturing is a critical component of the U.S. economy, responsible for 12.5% of GDP, direct employment for over 12 million people, and close to 75% of U.S. exports of goods. The U.S. manufacturing sector, while it produces 17% of the world's manufacturing output, also represents a quarter of the country's energy consumption. On the R&D side, it is responsible for 70% of all private sector R&D performed (in 2010 and 2011) and nearly 60% of patent applications. A number of emerging technologies are driving shifts in traditional manufacturing, in particular the convergence of information and communication technology with the materials and process technologies of manufacturing. Particularly for energy intensive and energy-dependent industries, harnessing IT to reduce energy usage while simultaneously making companies more competitive is essential to the future of U.S. manufacturing, competitiveness, and productivity. This talk will review the Advanced Manufacturing Offices work to leverage high performance computing, smart manufacturing approaches for the U.S. clean energy manufacturing sector — through targeted R&D in modeling and simulation and partnerships with industry, academia, technology incubators and other stakeholders.
Correlation Functions of the Pfaffian Schur Process Using Macdonald Difference Operators

We study the correlation functions of the Pfaffian Schur process. Borodin and Rains [J. Stat. Phys. 121 (2005), 291-317] introduced the Pfaffian Schur process and derived its correlation functions using a Pfaffian analogue of the Eynard-Mehta theorem. We present here an alternative derivation of the correlation functions using Macdonald difference operators.
Benzene and Higher Hydrocarbon Formation During Allene Pyrolysis

Pyrolysis of allene in a microjet reactor at millisecond to second reaction times over a temperature range from 500 to 1700 K was used to study higher hydrocarbon growth processes from C3 hydrocarbon species. Species detection of both stable and labile product masses was carried out using vacuum ultra violet (VUV) photoionization mass spectrometry. The first product observed with increasing temperature at ms time scales was mass 80 u followed at somewhat higher temperatures by smaller than parent-mass pyrolysis products. Low temperature benzene formation likely occurs through the molecular channel consisting of allene dimerization to a mixture of dimethylenecyclobutane isomers (DMCB) and subsequent isomerization and hydrogen loss to form benzene. Mass 79 u is observed at concentrations up to half the mass 80 u concentration prior to mass 78 u detection. The allene dimerization step is fast enough to account for the initial rate of mass 78 u production observed prior to significant allene decomposition. The 1,2-DMCB also reacts with allene to form a trimer at mass 120 u. The appearance of other high molecular weight products at masses 92 u, 116 u, 114 u and 158 u is also observed before allene decomposition occurs at greater than several percent levels. At higher temperatures and longer residence times (ms range), however, the benzene production rate shows a change in formation mechanism through a change in the apparent activation energy observed. At temperatures above 1580 K and ms time scales, mass 78 u production was consistent with formation through propargyl radical recombination. Higher hydrocarbon growth to multiple ring compounds was also observed at even longer residence times (ms range) with growth initially consistent with acetylene and possibly other small hydrocarbon addition to PAH radicals followed by reactive dimerization of small PAH compounds with the first dimers observed in the 400–600 u range.
Hypertension Management for the Prevention of Heart Failure: Best Strategies

Heart failure (HF) is a growing epidemic that can be prevented. Since hypertension is one of the most prevalent medical conditions and leading causes of morbidity and mortality, aggressive treatment is essential, especially for those at risk for HF. There has been significant evidence developed over the past decade highlighting the necessity for rigid blood pressure management; with more recent guidelines addressing the importance of preventing hypertension from progressing to HF. In this review, we discuss hypertension management strategies as a preventative tool for HF development.
The Rationale and History of Vocology

The definition of vocology is re-stated and its existence as a discipline for the study of all forms of vocalization across species is rationalized. A brief historical sketch is given regarding the...
Columnstore and B+ tree - Are Hybrid Physical Designs Important?

Commercial DBMSs, such as Microsoft SQL Server, cater to diverse workloads including transaction processing, decision support, and operational analytics. They also support variety in physical design structures such as B+ tree and columnstore. The benefits of B+ tree for OLTP workloads and columnstore for decision support workloads are well-understood. However, the importance of hybrid physical designs, consisting of both columnstore and B+ tree indexes on the same database, is not well-studied --- a focus of this paper. We first quantify the trade-offs using carefully-crafted micro-benchmarks. This micro-benchmarking indicates that hybrid physical designs can result in orders of magnitude better performance depending on the workload. For complex real-world applications, choosing an appropriate combination of columnstore and B+ tree indexes for a database workload is challenging. We extend the Database Engine Tuning Advisor for Microsoft SQL Server to recommend a suitable combination of B+ tree and columnstore indexes for a given workload. Through extensive experiments using industry-standard benchmarks and several real-world customer workloads, we quantify how a physical design tool capable of recommending hybrid physical designs can result in orders of magnitude better execution costs compared to approaches that rely either on columnstore-only or B+ tree-only designs.
Use of an electronic health record data sharing system for identifying current contraceptive use within the WWAMI region Practice and Research Network.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the ability of electronic health record (EHR) data extracted into a data-sharing system to accurately identify contraceptive use. Study design We compared rates of contraceptive use from electronic extraction of EHR data via a data-sharing system and manual abstraction of the EHR among 142 female patients ages 15–49 years from a family medicine clinic within a primary care practice-based research network (PBRN). Cohen's kappa coefficient measured agreement between electronic extraction and manual abstraction. Results Manual abstraction identified 62% of women as contraceptive users, whereas electronic extraction identified only 27%. Long acting reversible (LARC) methods had 96% agreement (Cohen's kappa 0.78; confidence interval, 0.57–0.99) between electronic extraction and manual abstraction. EHR data extracted via a data-sharing system was unable to identify barrier or over-the-counter contraceptives. Conclusions Electronic extraction found substantially lower overall rates of contraceptive method use, but produced more comparable LARC method use rates when compared to manual abstraction among women in this study's primary care clinic. Implications Quality metrics related to contraceptive use that rely on EHR data in this study's data-sharing system likely under-estimated true contraceptive use.
Measuring the Performance of Computer Software — A Dual Role for Statisticians

In describing and modelling the properties of any system, science traditionally uses quantitative measures. The emerging science of software is no exception. Statisticians, traditionally the arbiters of evidential inference in science, can play an important role in defining quantitative measures — metrics — of software performance and the equally important quantitative measures of the computational difficulty of problems to be solved. Computer Science, in embracing empirical research in software, must now consult the discipline of experimental design.
Chapter 20 - Computing v 1 -periodic Homotopy Groups of Spheres and some Compact Lie Groups

This chapter presents an account of the principal methods that are used to compute the v 1 -periodic homotopy groups of spheres and many compact simple Lie groups. The two main tools have been J-homology and the unstable Novikov spectral sequence (UNSS). The v 1 -periodic homotopy groups are important because for spaces such as spheres and compact simple Lie groups they give a significant portion of the actual homotopy groups and yet are often completely calculable. The goal of this chapter is to explain how those calculations can be made.
Multi-view feature selection for labeling noisy ticket data

Service providers are facing an increasingly intense competition and growing industry requirements, which dictates efficient and cost-effective service delivery. This is largely achieved by maximizing automation of IT maintenance procedures. Automation it largely depend on classification of the tickets. The automation of ticket classification requires labeled data, which is usually triaged by manually generated rules on word features. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised approach for facilitation of rule generation for labeling tickets created by event management. We first identify and remove noisy tickets with generic resolutions, and then use sparse classic canonical analysis (CCA) for feature selection to enable an efficient rule generation. Furthermore we discuss results of an extensive empirical study of ticket data that was conducted to validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our method.
Absolutely Continuous Distributions

This chapter presents the absolutely continuous distributions. The discrete distributions and the continuous distributions are two small disjoint classes of distributions. They are easier to handle than the other distributions. There are many distribution functions that are not discrete and are not continuous. The distribution functions of the continuous random variables are only a small part of those distributions with continuous distribution functions. If the random variables have a joint absolutely continuous distribution, then it can be easily shown whether they are independent. Conditional distributions are needed in much work in probability and statistics. If a joint density of a finite set of random variables is given, then the joint density of a certain number of random variables can be found if the extraneous variables are integrated out.
Give a Woman an Inch, She’ll Take a Penis

ABSTRACTWomen speaking out against sexual violence is nothing new, but institutions firing the male perpetrators or those accused signals a potential sea change. This essay was initially published ...
Robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic major liver resection: analysis of outcomes from a single center.

Abstract Background Debate exists regarding outcomes of robot-assisted versus laparoscopic hepatectomy. We reviewed and analyzed major hepatectomies (resection of ≥3 Couinaud liver segments) performed in a minimally invasive fashion at a single institution. Methods From 2011 to 2016, 473 major hepatectomy procedures were performed, of which 173 (37%) were performed in a minimally invasive fashion (57 robot-assisted and 116 laparoscopic). Patient demographics, operating statistics and outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. Results Patients undergoing robot-assisted versus laparoscopic hepatectomy were older (58.1 vs 53.2 years, respectively; p = 0.030), admitted to ICU postoperatively less frequently (43.9% vs 61.2%, respectively; p = 0.043), and readmitted less often within 90 days (7.0% vs 28.5%, respectively; p = 0.001). No significant differences were identified in relation to complications, blood loss, operative times, and length of stay. Conclusion Robot-assisted is an effective alternative to laparoscopic major hepatectomy for resection of malignant and benign liver lesions. Robotic-assisted offers technical advantages compared to laparoscopic surgery including improved optic visualization, operative dexterity, and ease of dissection and suturing. This experience suggested that the robotic platform was associated with improved outcomes including reduced postoperative ICU admission and 90-day readmission.
Some identities associated with mock theta functions $$\omega (q)$$ ω ( q ) and $$\nu (q)$$ ν ( q )

Recently, Andrews, Dixit, and Yee defined two partition functions $$p_{\omega }(n)$$ and $$p_{\nu }(n)$$ that are related with Ramanujan’s mock theta functions $$\omega (q)$$ and $$\nu (q)$$ , respectively. In this paper, we present two variable generalizations of their results. As an application, we reprove their results on $$p_{\omega }(n)$$ and $$p_{\nu }(n)$$ that are analogous to Euler’s pentagonal number theorem.
Fear-potentiated startle response as an endophenotype: Evaluating metrics and methods for genetic applications.

The modulation of the startle response (SR) by threatening stimuli (fear-potentiated startle; FPS) is a proposed endophenotype for disorders of the fearful-fearlessness spectrum. FPS has failed to show evidence of heritability, raising concerns. However, metrics used to index FPS-and, importantly, other conditional phenotypes that are dependent on a baseline-may not be suitable for the approaches used in genetic epidemiology studies. Here, we evaluated multiple metrics of FPS in a population-based sample of preadolescent twins (N = 569 from 320 twin pairs, Mage = 11.4) who completed a fear-conditioning paradigm with airpuff-elicited SR on two occasions (~1 month apart). We applied univariate and multivariate biometric modeling to estimate the heritability of FPS using several proposed standardization procedures. This was extended with data simulations to evaluate biases in heritability estimates of FPS (and similar metrics) under various scenarios. Consistent with previous studies, results indicated moderate test-retest reliability (r = 0.59) and heritability of the overall SR (h2 = 34%) but poor reliability and virtually no unique genetic influences on FPS when considering a raw or standardized differential score that removes baseline SR. Simulations demonstrated that the use of differential scores introduces bias in heritability estimates relative to jointly analyzing baseline SR and FPS in a multivariate model. However, strong dependency of FPS on baseline levels makes unique genetic influences virtually impossible to detect regardless of methodology. These findings indicate that FPS and other conditional phenotypes may not be well suited to serve as endophenotypes unless such codependency can be disentangled.
Can Biomarkers of Myocardial Injury Provide Complementary Information to Coronary Imaging

![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] The number of cardiovascular imaging tools available to cardiologists and scientists have grown exponentially over the past several decades, with innumerable possibilities to measure coronary blood flow, myocardial perfusion, and
Unraveling the Band Gap Trend in the Narrowest Graphene Nanoribbons from the Spin-Adapted Excited-Spectra Reduced Density Matrix Method

Polybenzenes as the narrowest graphene nanoribbons with versatile electronic properties are widely studied both theoretically and technologically. Here, we examine the singlet–triplet band gap as a...
Longitudinal follow-up of a comprehensive operationalization of eating disorder recovery: Concurrent and predictive validity.

Objective We aimed to replicate the concurrent validity of a comprehensive definition of eating disorder recovery (physical, behavioral, and cognitive indices) in a sample followed up 7-8 years from baseline, and to examine, for the first time with this comprehensive definition, predictive validity. Method Participants were 66 women with a history of an eating disorder and 31 age-matched controls who completed an online survey and phone interview. Results In general, women who were fully recovered were statistically indistinguishable from controls and had significantly less eating disorder attitudes and behaviors than the partially recovered and eating disorder groups. Being fully recovered at baseline was a robust predictor of stability: of those fully recovered at baseline, 80% remained fully recovered at follow-up. One-third of those with an eating disorder and one-half of those in partial recovery at baseline attained full recovery at follow-up. Discussion These findings support the current operationalization of eating disorder recovery, encompassing physical, behavioral, and cognitive indices, as valid and highlight that full recovery is not only possible but predicts full recovery years later. Future research should examine this operationalization in diverse samples and study trajectories of recovery to identify predictors.
The Elizabethan Invention of Anglo-Saxon England: Laurence Nowell, William Lambarde, and the Study of Old English

Full of fresh and illuminating insights into a way of looking at the English past in the sixteenth century... a book with the potential to deepen and transform our understanding of Tudor attitudes to ethnic identity and the national past.' - Philip Schwyzer, University of Exeter. Laurence Nowell (1530-c.1570), author of the first dictionary of Old English, and William Lambarde (1536-1601), Nowell's protege and eventually the first editor of the Old English Laws, are key figures in Elizabethan historical discourses and in its political and literary society; through their work the period between the Germanic migrations and the Norman Conquest came to be regarded as a foundational time for Elizabethan England, overlapping with and contributing to contemporary debates on the shape of Elizabethan English language. Their studies took different strategies in demonstrating the role of early medieval history in Elizabethan national - even imperial - identity, while in Lambarde's legal writings Old English law codes become identical with the 'ancient laws' that underpinned contemporary common law. Their efforts contradict the assumption that Anglo-Saxon studies did not effectively participate in Tudor nationalism outside of Protestant polemic; instead, it was a vital part of making history 'English.' Their work furthers our understanding of both the history of medieval studies and the importance of early Anglo-Saxon studies to Tudor nationalism. Rebecca Brackmann is Assistant Professor of English, Lincoln Memorial University.
Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta: coleoptera). 1758 to the End of the Second Millennium.III. Oxyteline Group

This catalog (published in seven parts, all released on the same day) is based on only the published literature for the Staphylinidae. Of the 32 subfamilies, the following 28 are included herein: Apateticinae, Dasycerinae, Empelinae, Euaesthetinae, Glypholomatinae, Habrocerinae, Leptotyphlinae, Megalopsidiinae, Micropeplinae, Microsilphinae, Neophoninae, Olisthaerinae, Omaliinae, Osoriinae, Oxyporinae, Oxytelinae, Phloeocharinae, Piestinae, Protactinae†, Proteininae, Protopselaphinae, Pseudopsinae, Solieriinae, Staphylininae, Steninae, Tachyporinae, Trichophyinae, and Trigonurinae. The Aleocharinae, Paederinae, Pselphinae, and Scaphidiinae are excluded from this edition of the catalog. References to the original citation or description are given for available family-group, genus-group, and species-group names of both extant and extinct forms. The type genus is cited for each family-group name, the type species for each genus-group name, and the type locality for each species-group name. Where appropriate, all subgenera, subspecies, or synonyms are listed for each valid name. Annotated subsequent references are presented for all names. Distributional summaries are given for each valid taxon. Full bibliographic citations are in Part VII. A short historical review, coauthored with Ales Smetana, follows the Introduction (Part I), with the main focus on biographical sketches that include many photographs. The goal of this catalog is to summarize the current state of knowledge of the family and to stimulate worldwide monographic studies.
Cytoskeletal Repair: Microtubule Orthopaedics to the Rescue.

Summary While the dynamics of microtubule ends are well characterized, the mechanism that repairs breaks in the lattice interior is poorly understood. A new in vitro study finds that the microtubule-associated protein CLASP repairs lattice damage by regulating GTP-tubulin incorporation into the break site.
Exomphalos major: Conservative management using Manuka honey dressings and an outreach surgical nursing team

Abstract Introduction Controversy exists over the best dressing for conservative management of exomphalos major. Here we describe our experience of using Manuka Honey. Methods Our regimen involved covering the sac with Manuka honey (Advancis Medical™) wrapped with gauze and crepe bandage. Initially, dressings were changed 3 times a week and then twice weekly until full epithelialisation. Babies went home after reaching full feeds, with our outreach nurses continuing dressings in clinic until the parents were trained to do them alone. Only patients needing management of co-morbidities were transferred to our unit. Patients would be reviewed by video consultation. Data was prospectively collected. Results From 2011–2019, 24 consecutive patients (11:13 M:F; median gestation 37 weeks, birth weight 3.1 kg) with exomphalos major were managed with honey dressings. Fourteen babies had significant associated anomalies of which 10 died of problems unrelated to the exomphalos. Time to full feeds 6 (2-58) days; time to discharge 21(7–66) days if no associated anomalies; time to epithelialisation 73 (27–199) days. Dressings were well tolerated. Definitive closure occurred at 17(11–38) months and was uneventful. No patient required fundoplication and all patients were orally fed. Only one patient developed a clinically significant infection. Conclusion This is the largest report of using Manuka honey for the management of exomphalos major. Benefits include early feeding, early discharge and a ‘normalisation’ of the neonatal period. Key to our success was the surgical outreach service supporting parents doing the dressings, first at the local hospital and then at home.
Asteroseismic fingerprints of stellar mergers

Stellar mergers are important processes in stellar evolution, dynamics, and transient science. However, it is difficult to identify merger remnant stars because they cannot easily be distinguished from single stars based on their surface properties. We demonstrate that merger remnants can potentially be identified through asteroseismology of red giant stars using measurements of the gravity mode period spacing together with the asteroseismic mass. For mergers that occur after the formation of a degenerate core, remnant stars have over-massive envelopes relative to their cores, which is manifested asteroseismically by a g~mode period spacing smaller than expected for the star's mass. Remnants of mergers which occur when the primary is still on the main sequence or whose total mass is less than $\approx\! 2 \, M_\odot$ are much harder to distinguish from single stars. Using the red giant asteroseismic catalogs of Vrard et al. 2016 and Yu et al. 2018, we identify $15$ promising candidates for merger remnant stars. In some cases, merger remnants could also be detectable using only their temperature, luminosity, and asteroseismic mass, a technique that could be applied to a larger population of red giants without a reliable period spacing measurement.
Multimodal measurements of phototoxicity in nonlinear optical microscopy

Abstract Nonlinear optical imaging modalities, such as two-photon microscopy and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy, make use of pulsed-laser excitation with high peak intensity that can perturb the native state of cells. In this study, we investigated the short and long-term effects of pulsed laser induced phototoxicity. We used bulk RNA sequencing, quantitative measurement of cell proliferation, and measurement of the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to assess phototoxic effects, at different time scales, for a range of laser excitation settings relevant to SRS imaging. We define a range of laser excitation settings for which there was no significant ROS generation, differential gene expression, or change in proliferation rates of mouse Neuro2A cells. Changes in proliferation rate and ROS generation were observed under imaging conditions with an excitation intensity of over 600 mW/μm2. Repeated imaging of the same field of view at this excitation intensity of over 600 mW/μm2 resulted in visual damage to N2A cells. Laser induced perturbations in live cells may impact downstream measurements of cell state including subsequent imaging or molecular measurements. This study provides guidance for imaging parameters that minimize photo-induced perturbations in SRS microscopy to ensure accurate interpretation of experiments with time-lapse imaging or with paired measurements of imaging and sequencing on the same cells.
Is the Rhetorical Tone in a MD&A Consistent with Financial Performance?

This paper investigates whether management writers communicate truthful information to investors by offering relevant data about financial performance. This work expands on the understanding of the potential congruence of rhetorical tone in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (hereafter MDA optimism; certainty; realism, and commonality; while the performance is measured by past and future growth of revenue. Management tone in communication is found to be affected by industry type. However, the association between the rhetorical tone of narrative disclosures and financial performance is not observed. Firms with different financial circumstances use the same rhetorical tone to deliver the different purpose of describing the corporate historical performance and talking about their expected future performance. This suggests that the management writers do create a MD&A as part of an annual routine just to satisfy the shareholders. This paper concludes that public firms most likely do not use their financial performance as a guide for writing MD&As. The study recommends conducting a more efficient analysis of the narrative disclosures.
Parallel mining of large maximal quasi-cliques

Given a user-specified minimum degree threshold $$\gamma $$ , a $$\gamma $$ -quasi-clique is a subgraph where each vertex connects to at least $$\gamma $$ fraction of the other vertices. Quasi-clique is a natural definition for dense structures, so finding large and hence statistically significant quasi-cliques is useful in applications such as community detection in social networks and discovering significant biomolecule structures and pathways. However, mining maximal quasi-cliques is notoriously expensive, and even a recent algorithm for mining large maximal quasi-cliques is flawed and can lead to a lot of repeated searches. This paper proposes a parallel solution for mining maximal quasi-cliques that is able to fully utilize CPU cores. Our solution utilizes divide and conquer to decompose the workloads into independent tasks for parallel mining, and we addressed the problem of (i) drastic load imbalance among different tasks and (ii) difficulty in predicting the task running time and the time growth with task-subgraph size, by (a) using a timeout-based task decomposition strategy, and by (b) utilizing a priority task queue to schedule long-running tasks earlier for mining and decomposition to avoid stragglers. Unlike our conference version in PVLDB 2020 where the solution was built on a distributed graph mining framework called G-thinker, this paper targets a single-machine multi-core environment which is more accessible to an average end user. A general framework called T-thinker is developed to facilitate the programming of parallel programs for algorithms that adopt divide and conquer, including but not limited to our quasi-clique mining algorithm. Additionally, we consider the problem of directly mining large quasi-cliques from dense parts of a graph, where we identify the repeated search issue of a recent method and address it using a carefully designed concurrent trie data structure. Extensive experiments verify that our parallel solution scales well with the number of CPU cores, achieving 26.68 $$\times $$ runtime speedup when mining a graph with 3.77M vertices and 16.5M edges with 32 mining threads. Additionally, mining large quasi-cliques from dense parts can provide an additional speedup of up to 89.46 $$\times $$ .
Military Courts and Article III

The Supreme Court has held that non-Article III federal adjudication is permissible only in the three categories of cases in which the Court has previously allowed it — all cases before federal “territorial” courts; criminal prosecutions in military tribunals; and “public rights” adjudication before non-Article III judicial or administrative bodies. And although the Justices have repeatedly grappled with the outer bounds of this last category in recent years, they have generally accepted the first two as settled. Scholars have followed suit, with virtually all of the extensive literature in the field focusing on the specific scope of the public rights exception, or on the search for cross-cutting theories of Article III.As a result, it has been decades since any concerted effort has been undertaken to rationalize the scope of the military exception — whether to the Constitution’s text or purpose or to more prudential considerations. And although the similarly neglected territorial courts have remained largely untouched over the past quarter-century, the same period has witnessed significant expansions in the scope of both court-martial and military commission jurisdiction to encompass offenses and offenders not previously thought to be amenable to military, rather than civilian, trials. Given these expansions, the litigation that they have provoked, and the tension they have placed upon the military exception, the time has long since passed for a reassessment of where and how military courts fit into our understanding of Article III — and the exceptions thereto. This article undertakes such a reassessment. It demonstrates not only that these expansions cannot be reconciled with the underlying justifications for the military exception, but that they only further illuminate a series of deeper puzzles raised — and never answered — by the Supreme Court’s historical articulation of the military exception. As it explains, one way to resolve these puzzles — and to place the military exception on far sounder philosophical, analytical, and constitutional footing going forward — is to appreciate the long-neglected role of international law in at once authorizing and circumscribing departures from Article III. And although this conclusion has already started to emerge in litigation over the Guantanamo military commissions, its implications for courts-martial have not yet been appreciated.