cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
GPU-accelerated and efficient multi-view triangulation for scene reconstruction

This paper presents a framework for GPU-accelerated N-view triangulation in multi-view reconstruction that improves processing time and final reprojection error with respect to methods in the literature. The framework uses an algorithm based on optimizing an angular error-based L 1 cost function and it is shown how adaptive gradient descent can be applied for convergence. The triangulation algorithm is mapped onto the GPU and two approaches for parallelization are compared: one thread per track and one thread block per track. The better performing approach depends on the number of tracks and the lengths of the tracks in the dataset. Furthermore, the algorithm uses statistical sampling based on confidence levels to successfully reduce the quantity of feature track positions needed to triangulate an entire track. Sampling aids in load balancing for the GPU's SIMD architecture and for exploiting the GPU's memory hierarchy. When compared to a serial implementation, a typical performance increase of 3–4× can be achieved on a 4-core CPU. On a GPU, large track numbers are favorable and an increase of up to 40× can be achieved. Results on real and synthetic data prove that reprojection errors are similar to the best performing current triangulation methods but costing only a fraction of the computation time, allowing for efficient and accurate triangulation of large scenes.
Free-living pathogens: Life-history constraints and strain competition

Many pathogen life histories include a free-living stage, often with anatomical and physiological adaptations promoting persistence outside of host tissues. More durable particles presumably require that the pathogen metabolize more resources per particle. Therefore, we hypothesize functional dependencies, pleiotropic constraints, between the rate at which free-living particles decay outside of host tissues and other pathogen traits, including virulence, the probability of infecting a host upon contact, and pathogen reproduction within host tissues. Assuming that pathogen strains compete for hosts preemptively, we find patterns in trait dependencies predicting whether or not strain competition favors a highly persistent free-living stage.
Wiener Deconvolution for Reconstruction of Pneumatically Attenuated Pressure Signals

Wiener deconvolution is applied to the problem of reconstructing transient signals from pneumatically attenuated pressure measurements. The presented method offers a viable alternative to traditional techniques where pressures are sensed by in situ surface transducers. In situ installations present significant issues, including potential weakening of structural walls, overheating of pressure sensing elements, strain biasing of sensing elements, and resonance within the measurement port. A less complex installation involves a small surface pressure tap with the pressure signal transmitted to the transducer via a significant length of pneumatic tubing. This remote installation allows the transducer to be mounted in a controlled environment, and it virtually eliminates any sensing errors due to surface strain. The presented filter amplifies attenuated pressure signals while selectively rejecting sensor noise. The frequency-based algorithm accounts for both white and colored noise contaminations. The deconvolution method is validated using laboratory-derived step-response data. The examples presented demonstrate the algorithm accuracy for both constant and frequency-weighted signal-to-noise ratios based on the noise threshold of the measured pressure signal. Experiment results demonstrate insensitivity of the Wiener algorithm to weighting schemes used to estimate the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurements. Sensitivity analysis indicates that deconvolution fit errors are relatively insensitive to parameter perturbations near nominal measured values.
Wreath products and subgroups of division rings

Abstract The objective of this note is to further investigate the subgroup structure of the multiplicative group D ∗ ( G ) of the skew field, or division ring of fractions formed from the group ring of a finitely-generated torsion-free nilpotent group G. In particular, it will be shown that certain wreath products can be embedded in D ∗ ( G ) for some G.
Associations between rheumatoid arthritis and malignancy

There are many complex associations between rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and malignancy. Patients with rheumatic diseases on the whole appear to be at increased risk for the development of certain malignancies. The data from several studies are persuasive that the presence of RA conveys an increased risk for the development of lymphoproliferative disorders and may convey a decreased risk for the development of malignancies of the digestive tract. Understanding the complex interrelationships between RA and malignancy will lead to more accurate diagnosis of underlying pathology, more effective treatment of symptoms and underlying disease, and appropriate surveillance for the development of later complications.
A Cross-Cultural Study of Response Biases in Personality Measures☆

Abstract The purposes of this study were to (a) compare the response bias tendencies of U.S. and Philippine college students and men and women in each culture when responding to personality measures, (b) examine the comparability of different measures of the same response biases, (c) examine the stability or consistency of response biases across instruments, (d) examine the extent to which controlling for response biases affects cultural mean comparisons in personality variables, and (e) test hypothesized personality correlates of response biases. The results did not support the presence of large cross-cultural or gender differences in response biases. Moderate to high agreement was found between different indexes of the same biases. Participants' response bias tendencies were moderately stable across instruments. Controlling for response biases led to trivial changes in effect sizes; in most cases, conclusions about cultural differences in personality constructs did not change. Most hypotheses relating personality variables to response biases were not supported.
Active Load Control of a Wind Turbine Airfoil Using Microtabs

The dynamic response of an airfoil to microtab deployment has been studied in the University of California, Davis Aeronautical Wind Tunnel. Static tests were conducted at a Reynolds number of 1.0×106, whereas dynamic testing examined deploying microtabs under steady conditions and during simulated wind gusts. Experimental results are compared with two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes computational results generated using OVERFLOW2. Microtabs with a height equal to 1% of the airfoil chord are seen to produce a rapid change in the sectional lift coefficient sufficient to compensate for a 12% change in the freestream airspeed. The effect of tab deployment was modeled using a linear equation that related the lift force to the difference in surface pressure at 15% chord. The resulting function provided a usable approximation to the lift force during tab activation. Two modes of tab activation are examined: simultaneous deployment of all tabs along the airfoil span and sequential deployment of indivi...
Novelty and partibility as determinants of hoarding in the albino rat

Experiments on object preferences indicate that there are at least two characteristics that induce albino rats to hoard inedible objects: partible objects are hoarded in preference to nonpartible objects, and novelty results in hoarding when other object-characteristics are controlled. In addition, novel objects may be hoarded by food-deprived rats in preference to food pellets. Hoarding can therefore be integrated into a number of other motivational systems. It is suggested that an incentive concept is necessary to explain hoarding preferences in this species.
One Day in China: May 21, 1936

Depicts the activities and experiences of people from all over China and at every level of society on an ordinary day.
User-preferred position of computer displays of different sizes and configurations

User-preferred position of the computer display and the keyboard were quantified to determine how the size and/or the number of computer displays (19″, 24″, 27.5″, and dual 19″ LCDs) influence the positioning of the computer workstation components. Nineteen subjects performed a data entry task for 20 minutes with periodic repositioning of the display and the keyboard to their most comfortable setting. Subjects placed displays significantly (p<0.05) further as the size of display changed from 19″ to 27.5″ while maintaining the viewing angle to the top and center of display at or near eye height. Preferred position of the keyboard was not influenced by the display size. Results of this study indicate that the dimensions or adjustability of a computer workstation should be determined with consideration of the display size to accommodate both the keyboard and the display at their most preferred positions.
Active and passive kink mode studies in a tokamak with a movable ferromagnetic walla)

High-resolution active and passive kink mode studies are conducted in a tokamak with an adjustable ferromagnetic wall near the plasma surface. Ferritic tiles made from 5.6 mm thick Hiperco® 50 alloy have been mounted on the plasma-facing side of half of the in-vessel movable wall segments in the High Beta Tokamak-Extended Pulse device [D. A. Maurer et al., Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 53, 074016 (2011)] in order to explore ferritic resistive wall mode stability. Low-activation ferritic steels are a candidate for structural components of a fusion reactor, and these experiments examine MHD stability of plasmas with nearby ferromagnetic material. Plasma-wall separation for alternating ferritic and non-ferritic wall segments is adjusted between discharges without opening the vacuum vessel. Amplification of applied resonant magnetic perturbations and plasma disruptivity are observed to increase when the ferromagnetic wall is close to plasma surface instead of the standard stainless steel wall. Rapidly rotati...
Dynamic ubiquitination of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK) Ste7 determines mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) specificity.

Abstract Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification that tags proteins for proteasomal degradation. In addition, there is a growing appreciation that ubiquitination can influence protein activity and localization. Ste7 is a prototype MAPKK in yeast that participates in both the pheromone signaling and nutrient deprivation/invasive growth pathways. We have shown previously that Ste7 is ubiquitinated upon pheromone stimulation. Here we show that the Skp1/Cullin/F-box ubiquitin ligase SCFCdc4 and the ubiquitin protease Ubp3 regulate Ste7 ubiquitination and signal specificity. Using purified components, we demonstrate that SCFCdc4 ubiquitinates Ste7 directly. Using gene deletion mutants, we show that SCFCdc4 and Ubp3 have opposing effects on Ste7 ubiquitination. Whereas SCFCdc4 is necessary for proper activation of the pheromone MAPK Fus3, Ubp3 is needed to limit activation of the invasive growth MAPK Kss1. Finally, we show that Fus3 phosphorylates Ubp3 directly, and that phosphorylation of Ubp3 is necessary to limit Kss1 activation. These results reveal a feedback loop wherein one MAPK limits the ubiquitination of an upstream MAPKK and thereby prevents spurious activation of a second, competing MAPK.
Nowcasting convective activity for space shuttle landings during easterly flow regimes

Abstract Space shuttle landings at the shuttle landing facility at Kennedy Space Center are subject to strict weather-related launch commit criteria and flight rules. Complex launch commit criteria and end-of-mission flight rules demand very accurate nowcasts (forecasts of less than 2 h) of cloud, wind, visibility, precipitation, turbulence, and thunderstorms prior to shuttle launches and landings. During easterly flow regimes the onset of convective activity has proven to be particularly difficult to predict. Contrasting weather ranging from clear skies to thunderstorms occurs on days with seemingly similar synoptic environments. Four days of easterly flow during the Convection and Precipitation/Electrification (CaPE) Experiment were investigated in an effort to identify and simulate key features that distinguish convectively active and suppressed conditions. Data from CaPE and operational data, including satellite imagery and National Centers for Environmental Prediction model analysis output over the F...
Bionic Woman (2007): gender, disability and cyborgs

This paper explores a representation of overlapping categories of gender, disability and cyborgs in Bionic Woman (2007). The television show Bionic Woman (2007) is a popular culture representation that uniquely brings together these categories. Three themes emerged from an analysis of blogger discourse surrounding the show. The themes reveal significant disempowering potentialities for women, individuals with and without disabilities and cyborgs. Conclusions and implications of these themes are offered.
Associative Group Analysis: A Tobacco Prevention Case Study

This paper seeks to demonstrate the potential utility of the Associative Group Analysis (AGA) process to tobacco-related social marketing by identifying perceptual and cognitive similarities and di...
Surrogate endpoint biomarkers and their modulation in cervical chemoprevention trials.

BACKGROUND Surrogate endpoint biomarkers (SEBs) are used as intermediate indicators of a reduction in cancer incidence in chemoprevention studies. SEBs should be expressed differentially in normal and high risk tissue; appear at a well defined stage of carcinogenesis; be studied with reasonable sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy; and be modulated in chemoprevention trials. The concept of SEBs may be useful in the trials of many new therapies. METHODS The current review includes a comprehensive review of the literature. Many SEBs have been the subject of intense study and include quantitative histopathology and cytology, proliferation markers, regulation markers, differentiation markers, general genomic instability markers, and tissue maintenance markers. Because of the critical biologic and epidemiologic role of the human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical carcinogenesis, the relation between these markers and HPV should be considered. In addition, biomarkers of HPV infection and its regression should be sought. RESULTS Several chemoprevention trials have been published that have included the use of SEBs. The biomarkers that appear most promising in these clinical trials can be measured quantitatively and reproducibly: quantitative histology and cytology, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), MIB-1, MPM-2, HPV viral load, epidermal growth factor receptor, polyamines, and ploidy. The markers that have been demonstrated to be modulated in chemoprevention trials in the literature are quantitative histology and cytology, PCNA, MPM-2, HPV viral load, and polyamines. CONCLUSIONS The surrogate endpoint biomarkers of most interest in future research should correlate well with HPV infection, be modulated by several therapeutic agents, and have limited variability and ease in measurement. Cancer 2001;91:1758–76. © 2001 American Cancer Society.
Replacement of pyrite framboids by magnetite in limestone and implications for palaeomagnetism

LIMESTONES are an important source of palaeomagnetic data, with magnetite the dominant carrier of the magnetization. Because the magnetite is present in low concentrations, however, it has been directly observed only rarely and in trace amounts in acid-treated separates. Such residues are composed primarily of spheres, the ultimate origin of which has been enigmatic7. Yet interpretation of the palaeomagnetic data depends on a knowledge of the origin of the magnetite, which has been inferred to carry either a chemical or a viscous remanent magnetization. Here we present electron microscope data obtained from a sequence of samples of Onondaga Limestone from an east–west traverse across northern New York, which unambiguously show that magnetite spheres are derived by alteration and replacement of framboidal pyrite. Remagnetization is thus caused by chemical, rather than viscous, processes. This chemical remanent magnetization is compatible with a fluid-mediated event occurring on a regional scale, induced by tectonic stress of Alleghenian (late Palaeozoic) age.
Wound-induced accumulations of condensed tannins in turtlegrass, Thalassia testudinum

Abstract Turtlegrass, Thalassia testudinum, produces high concentrations of proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) which we hypothesized are induced by grazing, as a component of a general wound response. To test this we quantified condensed tannins in a variety of turtlegrass tissues following simulated fish grazing, grazing by the urchin Lytechinus variegatus, and treatment with the natural plant wound hormone jasmonic acid. We observed that simulated fish grazing triggered rapid induction of condensed tannins by an average of 10 mg tannin g−1 dry mass (DM) after 5 days. Condensed tannin accumulations were correlated with a reduction of blade extension rates. Further, we observed that constitutive tannin levels in developing first-rank leaves were strongly correlated with the width of second-rank leaves on each shoot, with an increase of 7.7 mg tannin g−1 tissue dry mass per millimeter blade width on average. We propose that wider source leaves provide additional resources for phenolic biosynthesis. There was no induction of tannins in leaves, meristematic or sheath tissues in response to grazing by the urchin L. variegatus, the presence of potential waterborne cues from nearby grazed plants, or to treatment with 5 mM jasmonic acid. However, urchin grazing did induce tannin production in root/rhizome tissues, where they accumulated to levels 3–4 times higher than in blades (up to ∼350 mg tannin g−1 tissue dry mass). These results confirm the potential for rapid wound-induced condensed tannin accumulations in T. testudinum. The link between blade widths and the tannin content of new leaves indicates that leaf morphology may be a useful bioindicator for predicting herbivore and disease-resistance in the field.
Unlinking Disability Income, Substance Use and Adverse Outcomes in Dually Diagnosed, Severely Mentally Ill Outpatients

The goals of the current study were to determine whether incorporating disability benefit management into combined outpatient psychiatric/addiction treatment was feasible and clinically useful for managing severely mentally ill, substance-abusing patients over time, and then if patients in this program would demonstrate the first-week-of-the-month increased substance abuse and hospitalizations shown in other studies. Forty-four patients were studied for an average of forty weeks, with little treatment or study dropout. There was no evidence in either the schizophrenic/cocaine abuser or the broader diagnostic sample of the cyclic first-of-the-month pattern of substance use and hospitalizations observed in other studies. Findings suggest that combined treatment/benefit management programs are clinically feasible and effective in stabilizing patients and keeping them in treatment.
Analysis of Kavale and Mattson's “Balance Beam” Study (1983): Criteria for Selection of Articles

The effects of perceptual motor training in children with learning disabilities have been hotly debated for many years. Proponents have included many of the pioneers in the fields of learning disabilities and motor development. Among the challenges perhaps the most sophisticated one has been the meta-analysis by Kavale and Mattson. Their conclusion was that perceptual motor training was not an effective intervention for children with disabilities. The purpose of this project was to analyze critically the Kavale and Mattson meta-analysis from the perspective of an adapted physical educator and to consider the validity of this meta-analysis when examining multiple interventions dealing with a multitude of disabilities. A critical analysis of all 180 studies question their conclusions.
Olfactory Perception: Receptors, Cells, and Circuits

Remarkable advances in our understanding of olfactory perception have been made in recent years, including the discovery of new mechanisms of olfactory signaling and new principles of olfactory processing. Here, we discuss the insight that has been gained into the receptors, cells, and circuits that underlie the sense of smell.
Treatment nonadherence in homebound elderly in a Spanish population

Evaluation of: Cardenas-Valladolid J, Martin-Madrazo C, Salinero-Fort MA et al.: Prevalence of adherence to treatment in homebound elderly people in primary healthcare: a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicentre study. Drugs Aging 27(8) 641–651 (2010). A descriptive cross-sectional study determined the prevalence of nonadherence in homebound elderly who were taking at least four or more drugs, and predicted nonadherence. A random sample of subjects and their caregivers was identified in Madrid, Spain. Trained nurses interviewed subjects and their caregiver, physicians and nurses. Data were collected on self-reported medication adherence, chronic comorbidities, visual and auditory perception, cognitive status, activities of daily living, knowledge of disease, caregiver burden, relationship between the caregiver and the patient, and previous caregiving experiences. Adherence was defined using the four items on Morisky’s self-reported scale and 65.7% were considered adherent. Caregiver burden, hearing impai...
The Effects of Variations in Voir Dire Procedures in Capital Murder Trials

Psychologists and social scientists must begin to evaluate the effects of the jury selection methods they employ. These methods include a preference for attorney questioning of individual, sequestered venirepersons. This study examines the effects of four types of voir dire on sustained challenges for cause by defense and prosecution attorneys. Using transcripts and our own notes we classified thirteen capital cases, comprising approximately one-third of similar trials in Kentucky for the period 1975–1980, according to whether venirepersons were questioned individually oren masse, and whether sequestration was used for voir dire. Results show significantly more sustained defense challenges for cause under conditions of individual sequestration of venirepersons during voir dire than when voir dire is conducteden masse in open court. Other effects are examined, and generalization of the results is discussed. We interpret the outcomes to show that bias in potential jurors is best revealed when venirepersons are examined while individually sequestered.
Total and Conceptual Vocabulary in Spanish–English Bilinguals From 22 to 30 Months: Implications for Assessment

Purpose Vocabulary assessment holds promise as a way to identify young bilingual children at risk for language delay. This study compares 2 measures of vocabulary in a group of young Spanish–Englis...
Dual genotype in cutaneous T cell lymphoma: immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in clonal T cell malignancy.

Abstract Genomic DNA digests of peripheral blood lymphocytes from 13 patients with the leukemic phase of the T cell neoplasm cutaneous T cell lymphoma were studied by hybridization using probes for the constant region of the beta chain of the T cell receptor, the joining region of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene, and the kappa and lambda light chain genes. Lymphocytes from all 13 cutaneous T cell lymphoma patients contained DNA with clonal rearrangements of the beta chain gene of the T cell receptor. In addition, DNA from 4 patients contained an immunoglobulin gene rearrangement. T cell enrichment studies of peripheral blood lymphocytes from 2 patients confirmed that the immunoglobulin gene joining region rearrangement was confined to the T cell population. These results demonstrate that cutaneous T cell lymphoma is a clonal T cell malignancy that frequently expresses a dual genotype. A multiparameter approach, including DNA probes for the beta chain of the T cell receptor, as well as the immunoglobulin genes, immunophenotyping, and cytogenetics, is valuable in the diagnosis of cutaneous T cell lymphoma.
On shrinkage estimation of the exponential location parameter

Under the assumption that the exponential distribution is a reasonable model for a given population, some shrinkage estimators for the location parameter based on type 1 and type II censored samples have been derived. It is shown that these estimators dominate maximum likelihood estimators (MLE's) asymptotically under the mean squared error (MSE) criterion. A Monte Carlo study shows a significant improvement of our estimators over MLE's in terms of MSE for small samples.
Investing in Student Success

Recently I was honored to receive the Carnegie Corporation Academic Leadership Award, and Peg Miller, editor-in-chief of Change, invited me to tell the magazine's readers how I intended to make use...
Range of motion in contemporary total hip arthroplasty

The prosthetic range of motion (PROM) of two modular total hip arthroplasty (THA) systems and one older nonmodular comparison system was evaluated. The head-neck geometry of the modular systems resulted in a smaller PROM than the nonmodular system. Longer head-neck components commonly had flanges, which caused the greatest reduction in PROM. This effect became more pronounced as head size decreased. Modular head-neck components offer recognized benefits but can be associated with notably smaller ROM and increased risk of prosthetic impingement. The surgeon should be aware that in modern systems PROM decreases when neck width is increased. Moreover, in cases of prosthetic instability the potential role of the flange of a modular head should be evaluated. Methods are suggested for maximizing PROM clinically through preoperative planning, optimal femoral neck resection, and implant utilization.
RHODOSPORIDIUM FLUVIALE SP. NOV., A HOMOKARYOTIC RED YEAST FROM A SUBTROPICAL BRACKISH ENVIRONMENT

A homokaryotic fruiting strain of a red pigmented yeast in the genus Rhodosporidium was isolated from brackish waters of the Miami River. Using molecular techniques, viz., determination of the guanine + cytosine contents of the nuclear DNA and extent of DNA hybridizations, the strain was compared with taxonomically similar species in Rhodotorula, Rhodosporidium and Sporidiobolus. On the basis of these results, a new species, Rhodosporidium fluviale, is described.
Laminar shear stress upregulates endothelial Ca2+-activated K+ channels KCa2.3 and KCa3.1 via a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase/Akt/p300 cascade

In endothelial cells (ECs), Ca2+-activated K+ channels KCa2.3 and KCa3.1 play a crucial role in the regulation of arterial tone via producing NO and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors. Since a rise in intracellular Ca2+ levels and activation of p300 histone acetyltransferase are early EC responses to laminar shear stress (LS) for the transcriptional activation of genes, we examined the role of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase (CaMKK), the most upstream element of a Ca2+/calmodulin-kinase cascade, and p300 in LS-dependent regulation of KCa2.3 and KCa3.1 in ECs. Exposure to LS (15 dyn/cm2) for 24 h markedly increased KCa2.3 and KCa3.1 mRNA expression in cultured human coronary artery ECs (3.2 ± 0.4 and 45 ± 10 fold increase, respectively; P < 0.05 vs. static condition; n = 8–30), whereas oscillatory shear (OS; ± 5 dyn/cm2 × 1 Hz) moderately increased KCa3.1 but did not affect KCa2.3. Expression of KCa2.1 and KCa2.2 was suppressed under both LS and OS conditions, whereas KCa1.1 was slightly elevated in LS and unchanged in OS. Inhibition of CaMKK attenuated LS-induced increases in the expression and channel activity of KCa2.3 and KCa3.1, and in phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473) and p300 (Ser1834). Inhibition of Akt abolished the upregulation of these channels by diminishing p300 phosphorylation. Consistently, disruption of the interaction of p300 with transcription factors eliminated the induction of these channels. Thus a CaMKK/Akt/p300 cascade plays an important role in LS-dependent induction of KCa2.3 and KCa3.1 expression, thereby regulating EC function and adaptation to hemodynamic changes.
Reconstructing the Past Using the British Parliamentary Papers: The Anglo-Zulu War of 1879

The British Parliamentary Papers continue to be a valuable source of information for historians of the African past. A vast amount of material on African affairs involving British interests can be found in these Papers. This essay deals with the way that the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879 was presented in the Parliamentary Papers, specifically volume 13 of the Irish University Reprint Series entitled Colonies—Africa: Southern Africa General, 1878-80. It examines the kind of information presented, as well as the kind of material not presented. It analyzes the function of these Papers in their own time and in secondary sources on the Anglo-Zulu War. Finally, it considers the kinds of questions historians must ask in order to make these documents as useful as possible.The term “Parliamentary Papers” used in the broadest sense refers to all of the official published records of the British Parliament. This includes the record of its proceedings and various debates; the reports of Parliamentary Committees and non-Parliamentary Committees; and the official documents of various departments that discuss routine business. In a narrower and more precise sense, the term “Parliamentary Papers refers to specific sets of papers that came before the House of Commons, were printed for Parliament's use, and were part of a numbered series of papers.” The papers in this narrower group are considered “Sessional Papers,” popularly called “Blue Books,” a name given them in the nineteenth century because the government printers bound the majority of the papers in blue covers.
Full-waveform Model And Measurements of Electromagnetic to Seismic Conversion

Summary The development of electromagnetic to seismic conversion (electroseismic) exploration methods is hindered by a scarcity of investigations. Here we present a full-waveform electroseismic model that predicts the conversion of electromagnetic waves to acoustic waves at a fluid/porousmedium interface. The conversion is on the order of 10 Pa for a 1 C/m 2 s line source of vertical electric current. Laboratory measurements of electroseismic conversions are shown for a synthetic porous sample and a natural rock. The results allow the appreciation of electroseismic exploration methods.
Four-year behavioral outcomes of an intervention for parents living with HIV and their adolescent children.

Objective: The adjustment of parents living with HIV (PLH) and their adolescent children was examined over 4 years in response to an intervention. Outcomes at 2 years had been previously published. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with a representative sample from New York City. Results: In the intervention condition fewer adolescents became teenage parents and conduct problems tended to be lower over 4 years than in the standard care condition. Fewer parents were drug dependent and tended to relapse into substance use or use passive coping styles compared with the standard care condition over 4 years. The time-trend analysis showed that the significant reductions in problem behaviors and emotional distress previously observed over 15–24 months in the intervention condition then eroded over time and were non-significant at 48 months. Conclusions: Ongoing support and skills are needed to maintain intervention effects over longer periods. (authors)
Modulation of CENP‐E organization at kinetochores by spindle microtubule attachment

CENP-E is a protein of the kinesin superfamily that appears as small paired globules at kinetochores of chromosomes in mammalian cells during prometaphase and metaphase of mitosis [Yen et al., 1992: Nature 359:536-539]. In the present study we found that a significant number of chromosomes during early prometaphase in HeLa cells (approximately 30%) were stained with a CENP-E antibody in the form of large C-shaped "collars" that partially encircled the chromosomes. The C-shaped CENP-E collars were present only transiently and were completely replaced by small paired globular forms prior to metaphase. Most chromosomes had persistent CENP-E collars in cells blocked at mitosis with a vinblastine concentration sufficient to prevent all microtubule formation. Attachment of newly formed microtubules to the kinetochores after removal of vinblastine resulted in loss of the collars and replacement with small paired globules. Similarly, a higher proportion of chromosomes isolated from vinblastine-treated cells contained CENP-E collars (73%), and the "capture" (i.e., attachment) of microtubules by the chromosomes resulted in conversion of the collars into small paired globules in vitro. Thus, the CENP-E collars form prior to microtubule attachment and disappear after attachment of the chromosomes to the spindle. The CENP-E collars may facilitate capture of microtubules by chromosomes during prometaphase.
Urinary Excretion of Acetate and Propionate by the Holstein Cow as Affected by Physiological State and Propionate Infusion

Daily urinary excretion of acetate and propionate was determined for 13 Holstein cows fed for ad libitum consumption a 40% soy-corn concentrate: 60% corn silage diet prepartum and 60% concentrate: 40% silage diet postpartum. Daily excretion of acetate did not differ between periods corresponding to -3, 7, and 11 wk postpartum. Cows excreted more propionic acid at 7 and 11 wk postpartum than at 3 wk prepartum. However, propionic acid excretion did not differ between the two postpartum periods. Propionic acid excretion was not associated with intake of feed during lactation. Rapid intrajugular infusion of propionate (2.5 mmol/kg) increased propionate excretion at -3 and 7 wk postpartum and acetate excretion at 7 wk postpartum. Under physiological conditions urinary excretion of acetate and propionate does not represent a meaningful energy loss.
Schred V2.0: Tool to model MOS capacitors

In this paper we present SCHRED V2.0 to the scientific community. This simulation tool allows modeling of MOS capacitors with silicon and strained-Si substrates with arbitrary crystallographic directions. The tool can also model any material whose conduction band model is represented with three significant valleys. It is also capable of modeling a MOS capacitor with High-K Dielectric. Simulation results are presented which illustrate the versatility of the tool.
The social component of dominance relationships in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

An all-male rhesus group was added to a second group, one animal at a time, at weekly intervals, in reverse order of their dominance ranks. Significant positive correlations prevailed for the host group dominance ranks throughout the study, but the dominance ranks of the introduced males were random with respect to their original ranks. A second experiment repeatedly introduced the alpha and beta males of a multi-male heterosexual group into a second group where they were the lowest-ranking animals. On each return they reclaimed alpha and beta positions. When the alpha and beta males of the second group were introduced to the first group, they became the lowest-ranking animals in the group. Reversal of the direction of introduction again demonstrated that relative ranks were dependent on the social context.
Strategic capacity in council-manager municipalities: exploring limits and horizons

Over the past ten years interest in strategic decision making has grown exponentially. To a great extent, the writers who have dealt with this topic have taken a strong prescriptive tone, suggesting that the technique is synonymous with sound management practices. This study accepts the desirability of strategic decision making but questions the feasibility. Findings are presented from an exploratory survey of city managers and mayors suggesting that barriers currently exist to effective use of strategic decision making. In particular, there is a need to gain greater control over the external political environment. The author suggests a stronger client focus as a possible remedy for this problem.
Charity at the Deathbed: Impacts of Public Funding Changes on Hospice Care:

A core hospice value is caring for dying individuals regardless of their ability to pay. Historically, a stable source of government funding has provided the financial cushion necessary to extend care to indigent patients. Recently however, 2 factors have challenged the charitable-care value. First, financial reserves have been constrained by regulatory actions limiting admissions, lengths of stay, and reimbursement levels. Second, the number of uninsured individuals has increased. This study of hospices in 17 states found that hospices (1) remain committed to indigent care despite deep concerns about inadequate financial resources, (2) are encountering increased demand for services from indigent patients, (3) are currently covering indigent-care costs, but are pessimistic about their future ability to do so, and (4) are pursuing alternative funding with mixed results.
Early life perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure and overweight and obesity risk in adulthood in a community with elevated exposure

Abstract Background Infants and young children may be susceptible to developmental effects of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure. Two previous studies, one that examined a general population exposed to environmental PFOA levels and one conducted in mice exposed to experimental PFOA levels, found that early life exposure was associated with higher body mass index (BMI) in adulthood and effects may be stronger in women than in men. Objectives Examine whether elevated early life PFOA exposure was associated with adult BMI among a group of mid-Ohio valley residents exposed to a wide range of early life PFOA levels due to emissions from a chemical plant. Methods The cohort consisted of 8764 adults aged 20–40 years who reported height and weight on a survey between 2008 and 2011. Annual retrospective early life PFOA serum concentrations were estimated for each participant based on residential history and nearby chemical plant emissions as well as background exposure not originating from the facility. We defined early life exposure as the estimated average PFOA serum concentration over the first three years of life. We examined the association between early life PFOA exposure and adult overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) risk using logistic and linear regression models. Results Nearly half the participants (45%) had early life PFOA exposure serum concentration estimates above background levels. Using participants who were exposed only to background PFOA levels as the referent category with quintiles of exposure above background, adjusted odds ratios (and 95% confidence intervals) for overweight risk by increasing exposure category for women were 1.0 (ref), 1.0 (0.8, 1.3), 1.0 (0.8, 1.2), 1.0 (0.8, 1.2), 0.9 (0.7, 1.1), and 0.9 (0.7, 1.1) and for men were 1.0 (ref), 0.9 (0.6, 1.1), 1.0 (0.7, 1.3), 1.0 (0.8, 1.4), 0.7 (0.5, 0.9), and 0.9 (0.7, 1.1). Odds ratios for adult obesity risk were similar. Regression coefficients from linear models using BMI as a continuous outcome showed no association between early life PFOA exposure and adult BMI. Conclusions Elevated levels of PFOA exposure in early life were not associated with overweight and obesity risk in adulthood and results did not vary by sex.
Partial synthesis of the antiamoebic bisindole alkaloid (−)-macrocarpamine

Abstract The partial synthesis of the antiamoebic bisindole alkaloid (−)-macrocarpamine 1 has been completed by coupling (−)-anhydromacrosalhine-methine 2 with plant-derived (+)-pleiocarpamine 3 in anhydrous 0.2 N HCl in THF in 75% yield.
Soybean natural cross-pollination rates under field conditions

Recent concerns regarding within-crop transgene flow stimulated this research to update natural cross-pollination rates in conventional sowings of modern soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in the Mississippi Delta. Two experiments were conducted in 2001 and 2002 using two soybean cultivars, "Pace" (white-flowered) and "DP3588" (purple-flowered), selected for their equivalent flowering dates. The experiments utilized the dominance of purple flower color over white flower color to identify natural cross-pollinations. In the first experiment, 12 rows of Pace (white-flowered) flanked on each side by four rows of DP3588 (purple flowered) were sown on 10 May 2001. Seed were harvested by row from each of the Pace rows and examined for natural cross-pollinations in the next generation. In total, 73 512 potential hybrid plants were examined and natural cross-pollination rates ranged from 0.41% at 0.9 m from the pollen source to 0.03% at 5.4 m from the pollen source. These values were consistent with values previously reported in the literature. In the second experiment, seed of Pace and DP3588 were alternately sown 15.2 cm apart within a row in 2001. At maturity, 167 Pace plants (white-flowered) were harvested and a total of 19,151 progeny were evaluated for natural cross-pollinations in the next generation. The progeny of 56 (33.5%) of the 167 parent plants showed no evidence of natural cross-pollination. The progeny of the remaining 111 plants exhibited natural cross-pollination rates ranging from 0.65 to 6.32% and averaged 1.8%. The maximum rates reported here are considerably higher than most previously reported rates. The results of these two experiments highlight the potential for within-crop transgene flow in soybean.
Social influences on conditioned cortisol secretion in the squirrel monkey.

'Social buffering'--the apparent capacity of group membership to reduce the adrenocortical response to stress, was investigated in squirrel monkeys by means of a between-within experimental design. Adult males were assigned to two groups. Group paired (n = 6) received pairings of a conditional stimulus (CS) with footshock. Group control (n = 6) received CS presentations without shock. All animals were then tested with 10 presentations of the CS without shock under three social-housing conditions, in four successive phases of the experiment: individual, dyad, group, and individual housing. Neither group showed a cortisol response to the CS prior to training. Following training, CS-evoked elevations of cortisol were found only in group paired, and only in the individual housing conditions. These results replicate and extend our previous finding that the presence of conspecifics can ameliorate a neuroendocrine response to psychological stressors in squirrel monkeys.
Surgery-associated factor VIII inhibitors in patients without hemophilia.

The acquisition of antibodies to factor VIII (ie, factor VIII protein) by patients without hemophilia is associated with conditions such as pregnancy, lymphoma, and autoimmune disorders. We present three patients who acquired factor VIII antibodies in the postoperative setting. Preoperatively, none gave a history of bleeding even with past surgeries and all had normal coagulation tests. Within days of surgery (bowel resection, cholecystectomy, coronary bypass), a bleeding diathesis emerged with prolonged partial thromboplastin time, decreased factor VIII levels, and demonstrable factor VIII antibodies. All patients required multiple blood transfusions and urgent re-exploration for hemostatic control. All were treated with high dose human factor VIII infusions, corticosteroids, and various forms of immunosuppression. We wish to raise awareness of surgery as a precipitating cause of acquired hemophilia, which is something to be considered with unusual postoperative bleeding. This syndrome is remarkable for its abrupt onset within days of surgery, dramatic bleeding, subsequent persistence, but potential reversal by immunosuppression.
Crystal Structures of Brain Group-VIII Phospholipase A2 in Nonaged Complexes with the Organophosphorus Nerve Agents Soman and Sarin†,‡

Insecticide and nerve agent organophosphorus (OP) compounds are potent inhibitors of the serine hydrolase superfamily of enzymes. Nerve agents, such as sarin, soman, tabun, and VX exert their toxicity by inhibiting human acetycholinesterase at nerve synapses. Following the initial phosphonylation of the active site serine, the enzyme may reactivate spontaneously or through reaction with an appropriate nucleophilic oxime. Alternatively, the enzyme-nerve agent complex can undergo a secondary process, called "aging", which dealkylates the nerve agent adduct and results in a product that is highly resistant to reactivation by any known means. Here we report the structures of paraoxon, soman, and sarin complexes of group-VIII phospholipase A2 from bovine brain. In each case, the crystal structures indicate a nonaged adduct; a stereoselective preference for binding of the P(S)C(S) isomer of soman and the P(S) isomer of sarin was also noted. The stability of the nonaged complexes was corroborated by trypsin digest and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, which indicates nonaged complexes are formed with diisopropylfluorophosphate, soman, and sarin. The P(S) stereoselectivity for reaction with sarin was confirmed by reaction of racemic sarin, followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using a chiral column to separate and quantitate each stereoisomer. The P(S) stereoisomers of soman and sarin are known to be the more toxic stereoisomers, as they react preferentially to inhibit human acetylcholinesterase. The results obtained for nonaged complexes of group-VIII phospholipase A2 are compared to those obtained for other serine hydrolases and discussed to partly explain determinants of OP aging. Furthermore, structural insights can now be exploited to engineer variant versions of this enzyme with enhanced nerve agent binding and hydrolysis functions.
L’estraniamento dell’artista: Rilettura della Vita nuova di Dante e di A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man di James Joyce attraverso la teoria della abjection di Julia Kristeva

L’influsso dantesco sull’opera letteraria di James Joyce e stato ampliamente evidenziato da numerosi studi critici degli ultimi decenni. In particolar modo, gli approfondimenti di Howard Helsinger, Joseph Campbell e Mary T Reynolds mostrano una costante affinita sia strutturale sia tematica nell’orbita compositiva dell’opus letterario dei due scrittori. Eppure, ritengo che non sia ancora stata messa in luce una caratteristica comune fondamentale per la piena comprensione dell’evoluzione della poetica di Dante e di Joyce: il passaggio dei protagonisti delle rispettive opere giovanili, la Vita nuova (1295) e A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916), attraverso una cruciale fase di “estraniamento”. Il mio saggio si ripropone di colmare questa lacuna analizzando l’estraniamento e l’ineffabilita – i tratti principali che legano le vicissitudini dei protagonisti delle opere in questione e dei loro rispettivi autori – attraverso l’artificio retorico che ho deciso di chiamare “abjective correlative”, coniug...
POEMS: Parallelizable Open-Source Efficient Multibody Software

This paper introduces POEMS (Parallelizable Open source Efficient Multibody Software) as a modular research package being developed to serve as a backbone software for collaborative research in multibody dynamics. POEMS aims to serve as a repository for archiving efficient implementations of relevant algorithms as well as be applied to real world problems. It contains a growing number of solvers, integrators, and capabilities of modeling system with varied topologies. This software is written in C++ as an object oriented modular code that lends itself very well towards its continuing development as an optimized, customizable, and parallelizable computational tool for multibody dynamics research and application.Copyright © 2005 by ASME