cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Attending to Diversity Representation Among Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP) Master’s Programs: A Pilot Study

Extant research has neglected to explore the diversity representation of counselor education programs. This pilot study sought to examine the extent to which CACREP-accredited master’s-level programs attend to the representation of people of color, individuals with dis/abilities, lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB), and transgender persons within admissions, enrollment, and graduation data. The findings indicated little consistency in the maintenance of students’ demographic characteristics among participating programs. The authors contend that counseling programs need to critically analyze their policies and procedures to ensure a responsive milieu for students from diverse backgrounds. Implications for the counseling field are presented.
Wrinkling behavior of rectangular plates under lateral constraint

Abstract Wrinkling (buckling) during a sheet forming process is a major consideration when designing part shape, die geometry and processing parameters. In most instances, the sheet metal is constrained to some extent between binders and/or matching dies at some stage during processing. In this paper, we will examine the wrinkling behavior of both elastic and elastic-plastic sheet subjected to edge compression and lateral constraint. A criterion for wrinkling under such constraint is established using a combination of finite element analysis and energy conservation. Various methods of incorporating imperfections into a finite element model in order to capture buckling and post-buckling behavior are discussed. A simple and practical form of imperfection for predictive modeling of buckling is given along with a discussion of the sensitivity of the solution to the magnitude and distribution of imperfections. Using the proposed form of imperfection, we are able to accurately simulate the wrinkling behavior under complicated boundary conditions in a predictive manner.
Uncertainty bounds and their use in the design of interval type-2 fuzzy logic systems

We derive inner- and outer-bound sets for the type-reduced set of an interval type-2 fuzzy logic system (FLS), based on a new mathematical interpretation of the Karnik-Mendel iterative procedure for computing the type-reduced set. The bound sets can not only provide estimates about the uncertainty contained in the output of an interval type-2 FLS, but can also be used to design an interval type-2 FLS. We demonstrate, by means of a simulation experiment, that the resulting system can operate without type-reduction and can achieve similar performance to one that uses type-reduction. Therefore, our new design method, based on the bound sets, can relieve the computation burden of an interval type-2 FLS during its operation, which makes an interval type-2 FLS useful for real-time applications.
Trade, rural–urban migration, and regional income disparity in developing countries: a spatial general equilibrium model inspired by the case of China

Abstract Inspired by the case of China, this paper develops a spatial agglomeration model to explain the increasing regional disparity in China and explore several policy implications. The model shows that the improving trade condition and the increasing rural-to-urban labor mobility in China may be the reasons for the enlarging income gap between the coastal area and the hinterland. With a geographical advantage in international trade, the coast becomes the initial location for industrial agglomeration and its leadership becomes strengthened by the positive feedback mechanism from increasing returns to scale. The necessary labor supply for industrial agglomeration in the coast comes from intraregional rural-to-urban migration instead of interregional migration. As a consequence of the industrial agglomeration, the income disparity between the coast and the hinterland increases. The location disadvantage of the interior comes from higher transportation cost in international trade. However, the model suggests that increasing domestic accessibility can actually make the interior worse off.
Digital lithography for thin-film transistor fabrication

This work presents a novel digital-lithographic method, in which an electronically generated and digitally aligned etch mask is jet-printed onto a process surface. This method was used to fabricate hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin-film transistor (TFT) arrays. The digital lithographically fabricated arrays had features as small a 40 μm with 5 μm layer-to-layer registration and pixel resolution of 75 dpi over a four-inch diameter wafer. The resulting TFTs, with on/off ratios of 108 and threshold voltages of 2-3 V were then integrated with a-Si sensor media for an image sensor. The image sensor was operated as an X-ray and light detector.
Generate, test, and explain: synthesizing regularity exposing attributes in large protein databases

Describes a database mining system that synthesizes regularity-exposing attributes in large protein databases. After processing the primary and secondary structure data, this system discovers an amino acid representation that captures what are thought to be the three most important amino acid characteristics (size, charge, and hydrophobicity) for tertiary structure prediction. A neural network trained using this 16-bit representation achieves a performance accuracy on the secondary structure prediction problem that is comparable to the one achieved by a neural network trained using the standard 24-bit amino acid representation. >
Erythrocyte Velocity and a Velocity Pulse in Minute Blood Vessels on the Surface of the Mouse Brain

High-speed microcinematography of vessels in the subarachnoid space of the anesthetized mouse was used to measure the velocity of erythrocytes in arterioles and venules less than 30µ in diameter. Within arterioles the velocity averaged 3.5 mm/sec, while in venules an average value of 1.9 mm/sec was obtained. A rhythmic alteration in velocity was often observed in the arterioles and was seen occasionally in venules. This cyclical change in velocity was termed the "velocity pulse." The frequency of the velocity pulse was virtually identical to that of the peripheral pulse and is believed to result from a propagation of that pulse into the microcirculation. The velocity pulse was not recognizable in vessels 5µ to 10µ wide. In vessels 10µ, to 30µ, in diameter, the velocity pulse was not accompanied by changes in the width of the vessels.
A new millimeter-wave step-frequency radar sensor for distance measurement

A new compact millimeter-wave distance-measurement sensor prototype has been developed. The sensor is a step-frequency radar implemented using coherent heterodyne technique. It operates in Ka-band (26.5-40 GHz) and is realized using MICs and MMICs. The sensor transmits sinusoidal signals of incremental frequencies and demodulates the received signals into base-band I/Q signals for processing. Experimental results show that the sensor is capable of measuring distance with less than 0.2 inch of absolute error and a low transmitted power of only -20/spl plusmn/3 dBm.
Identification of Novel Signaling Complexes by Functional Proteomics

The rapid development of proteomic technologies, combined with the completion of the Human Genome Map, has enabled the compiling of an unprecedented inventory of cellular proteins. Functional proteomics is an emerging field that aims to utilize the enormous amount of information provided by these proteomic technologies to understand the functions of cellular proteins. The utility of functional proteomics has been recently exploited to elucidate cellular mechanisms in numerous fields, of particular salience in the area of signal transduction. This review presents a functional proteomic approach for the study of cardiac cell signaling. It illustrates the strategies by which the subproteome of a targeted signaling system is characterized in an unbiased fashion, the manner in which the biochemical functions of this subproteome are assessed using established molecular and protein chemistry methods, and the challenges associated with these studies.
Effect of channel estimation error on performance of physical layer network coding

This paper investigates the effect of channel estimation error on performance of physical layer network coding, in which the relay maps the superimposed noisy modulated data received from the two end terminals, to network coded combination of the source packets. Knowledge of channel coefficients is required for network code selection at the relaying terminal. We consider physical layer network coding with optimum code design and evaluate network throughput in presence of channel estimation error.
Codon Optimization of Human Parvovirus B19 Capsid Genes Greatly Increases Their Expression in Nonpermissive Cells

Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is pathogenic for humans and has an extreme tropism for human erythroid progenitors. We report cell type-specific expression of the B19V capsid genes (VP1 and VP2) and greatly increased B19V capsid protein production in nonpermissive cells by codon optimization. Codon usage limitation, rather than promoter type and the 3' untranslated region of the capsid genes, appears to be a key factor in capsid protein production in nonpermissive cells. Moreover, B19 virus-like particles were successfully generated in nonpermissive cells by transient transfection of a plasmid carrying both codon-optimized VP1 and VP2 genes.
Two-Step Calibration of Design Weights in Survey Sampling

ABSTRACTIn this article, a new two-step calibration technique of design weights is proposed. In the first step, the calibration weights are set proportional to the design weights in a given sample. In the second step, the constants of proportionality are determined based on different objectives of the investigator such as bias reduction or minimum mean squared error. Many estimators available in the literature can be shown to be special cases of the proposed two-step calibrated estimator. A simulation study, based on a real data set, is also included at the end. A few technical issues are raised with respect to the use of the proposed calibration technique: both limitations and benefits are discussed.
Voting, identity and security threats in Ukraine: Who supports the Radical "Freedom" Party?

Abstract This article investigates voters and sympathizers of Ukraine's radical right party, Svoboda. Using an original survey conducted in 2010, it shows that support for Svoboda was rooted less in extreme levels of xenophobia vis-a-vis Russians, and more in concerns about the support that the Russian minority receives from the state, fear of losing Ukrainian sovereignty, and economic anxiety. In contrast to the conventional view, the analysis suggests that support for Svoboda was not a function of inter-group ethnic hostilities; instead, it originated in perceived threats and anxieties about the character of the Ukrainian state.
Reassessing the Nature of Learning in a Science or Mathematics Classroom

The nature of learning, dominated by behaviourist models in the first half of the 20th century, became more complicated in the second half with the cognitive revolution (Harre & Gillett, 1994). In the 21st century, new paradigms for learning are emerging, making the nature and evolution of learning a site of controversy. For example, Sfard (1998) presents two metaphors for learning mathematics— learning as acquisition versus learning as participation. Others have also proposed alternative models of learning (e.g., Kirshner, 2002; Lehrer & Schauble, 2006).
Patients Receiving Integrative Medicine Effectiveness Registry (PRIMIER) of the BraveNet practice-based research network: study protocol.

Integrative medicine (IM) provides patient-centered care and addresses the full range of physical, emotional, mental, social, spiritual, and environmental influences that affect a person’s health. IM is a “whole systems” approach that employs multiple modalities as opposed to an isolated complementary therapy. Thus, studying outcomes of IM is more challenging than evaluating an isolated intervention. Practice-based research networks (PBRNs) allow for clinicians/investigators at multiple diverse sites using common methodology to pool their data, increase participant sample size and increase generalizability of results. To conduct real-world, practice-based research, the Bravewell Collaborative founded BraveNet in 2007 as the first national integrative medicine PBRN. Patients Receiving Integrative Medicine Effectiveness Registry (PRIMIER) is a prospective, non-randomized, observational evaluation conducted at fourteen clinical sites. Participants receive a non-standardized, personalized, multimodal IM approach for various medical conditions. Using the REDCap electronic platform, an anticipated 10,000 study participants will complete patient-reported outcome measures including Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)-29, Perceived Stress Scale-4, and the Patient Activation Measure at baseline, 2, 4, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Extractions from participants’ electronic health records include IM services received, as well as ICD diagnostic codes, and CPT billing codes associated with each IM visit. Repeated-measures analyses will be performed on data to assess change from baseline through 24 months with planned subgroup analyses to include specific clinical population and specific IM intervention or combinations. As the PRIMIER registry grows, we anticipate that our results would provide an indication of the promise of PBRN research efforts in IM. Analyses will incorporate a large sample of participants and an expected 10-year observation period and will provide the ability to evaluate the effect of IM on outcomes for specific clinical populations and specific IM interventions or combinations. As such, PRIMIER will serve as a national platform for future evaluations of IM best practices. Clinical Trials.gov NCT01754038
The use of coenzymes in biochemical reactors

Coenzymes are classified according to their needs for regeneration in coenzyme requiring enzymatic reactions. The activities of various forms of immobilized NAD(H) are compared. different coenzyme regeneration methods are discussed and their merits assessed. Reachtors that are suitable for coenzyme requiring enzymatic conversion are presented.
Spinopelvic dissociation: multidetector computed tomographic evaluation of fracture patterns and associated injuries at a single level 1 trauma center

The objective of the present study is to evaluate multidetector computed tomographic (MDCT) fracture patterns and associated injuries in patients with spinopelvic dissociation (SPD). Our institutional trauma registry database was reviewed from Jan. 1, 2006, to Sept. 30, 2012, specifically evaluating patients with sacral fractures. MDCT scans of patients with sacral fractures were reviewed to determine the presence of SPD. SPD cases were characterized into the following fracture patterns: U-shaped, Y-shaped, T-shaped, H-shaped, and burst. The following MDCT features were recorded: level of the horizontal fracture, location of vertical fracture, kyphosis between major fracture fragments, displacement of fracture fragment, narrowing of central spinal canal, narrowing of neural foramina, and extension into sacroiliac joints. Quantitative evaluation of the sacral fractures was performed in accordance with the consensus statement by the Spine Trauma Study Group. Medical records were reviewed to determine associated pelvic and non-pelvic fractures, bladder and bowel injuries, nerve injuries, and type of surgical intervention. Twenty-one patients had SPD, of whom 13 were men and eight were women. Mean age was 41.8 years (range 18.8 to 87.7). Five fractures (24 %) were U-shaped, six (29 %) H-shaped, four (19 %) Y-shaped, and six (29 %) burst. Nine patients (43 %) had central canal narrowing, and 19 (90 %) had neural foramina narrowing. Eleven patients (52 %) had kyphotic angulation between major fracture fragments, and seven patients (33 %) had either anterior (24 %) or posterior (10 %) displacement of the proximal fracture fragment. Fourteen patients (67 %) had associated pelvic fractures, and 20 (95 %) had associated non-pelvic fractures. Two patients (10 %) had associated urethral injuries, and one (5 %) had an associated colon injury. Seven patients (33 %) had associated nerve injuries. Six patients (29 %) had surgical fixation while 15 (71 %) were managed non-operatively. On trauma MDCT examinations, patients with SPD have characteristic fracture patterns. It is important to differentiate SPD from other pelvic ring injuries due to high rate of associated injuries. Although all SPD injuries are unstable and need fixation, the decision for operative management in an individual patient depends on the systemic injury pattern, specific fracture pattern, and the ability to attain stable screw fixation.
{\mathrm {RRT^{X}}}: Real-Time Motion Planning/Replanning for Environments with Unpredictable Obstacles

We present \({\mathrm {RRT^{X}}}\), the first asymptotically optimal sampling-based motion planning algorithm for real-time navigation in dynamic environments (containing obstacles that unpredictably appear, disappear, and move). Whenever obstacle changes are observed, e.g., by onboard sensors, a graph rewiring cascade quickly updates the search-graph and repairs its shortest-path -to-goal subtree. Both graph and tree are built directly in the robot’s state space, respect the kinematics of the robot, and continue to improve during navigation. \({\mathrm {RRT^{X}}}\) is also competitive in static environments—where it has the same amortized per iteration runtime as RRT and RRT* \(\varTheta \left( \log {n}\right) \) and is faster than RRT# \(\omega \left( \log ^2{n}\right) \). In order to achieve \(O\left( \log {n}\right) \) iteration time, each node maintains a set of \(O\left( \log {n}\right) \) expected neighbors, and the search graph maintains \(\epsilon \)-consistency for a predefined \(\epsilon \).
Big Data: transforming drug development and health policy decision making

The explosion of data sources, accompanied by the evolution of technology and analytical techniques, has created considerable challenges and opportunities for drug development and healthcare resource utilization. We present a systematic overview these phenomena, and suggest measures to be taken for effective integration of the new developments in the traditional medical research paradigm and health policy decision making. Special attention is paid to pertinent issues in emerging areas, including rare disease drug development, personalized medicine, Comparative Effectiveness Research, and privacy and confidentiality concerns.
Plenary talks: Linguistic geometry for development of intelligent defense systems

Linguistic Geometry (LG) is a type of game theory scalable to solving complex real world problems that are considered intractable by conventional approaches. Modern applications of LG, related to the US national defense, generate, in real time, courses of action that are highly creative and even exceed the level of those developed by human commanders. Currently, the U.S. Army is adopting the LG software to a wide spectrum of defense systems around the world. In my talk, I will introduce participants to several advanced applications of LG and to major experiments utilized those applications. I will also establish link between LG and legendary ancient battles of Alexander the Great and Hannibal. I will introduce the hypothesis that LG is one the ancient algorithms based directly on the Primary Language of the human brain (as suggested by J. von Neumann) crucial for development of human intelligence.
Constitutional Developments in China

The National People's Convention held in May, 1931, and the provisional constitution adopted by it, mark a stage in the development of modern political institutions in China. But it is as yet too early to determine how successful these will be in establishing a permanently stable government.Calling the Convention was itself an indication that a relative degree of stability had been attained, following the agreement between the Nanking government and Marshal Chang Hsueh-liang in Manchuria and the defeat of the northern opposition under Generals Feng and Yen. But the decision to call the Convention developed internal differences in Nanking, leading to the retirement of Hu Han-min, head of the Legislative Yuan, who has been kept under guard. This in turn aroused distrust in Canton, which led to the open revolt of several southern provinces on the eve of the Convention's meeting. This movement has come about by one of the curious realignments of political leaders and generals, bringing together the more conservative and more radical elements in the Kuomintang, with suggestions of possible combinations with the recently defeated northern generals and other opposition elements in the interior.
Notes towards a deconstructive phenomenology

Dans le cadre du trentieme anniversaire de la Societe anglaise de phenomenologie celebre les 11-13 avril 1997 a Oxford dans le cadre d'un colloque consacre au theme du renouveau de la phenomenologie, l'A. mesure la possibilite actuelle d'une phenomenologie deconstructive en reference a Derrida, Levinas, Blanchot. Revenant sur la definition meme de la phenomenologie comme mouvement continuel de renouveau philosophique chez Husserl, l'A. retrace l'heritage de la phenomenologie transcendantale dans ses formes hermeneutique (Ricoeur), messianique (Derrida) et linguistique (Heidegger) comme autant de reponses aux defis du langage, de l'avenir et de la reponsabilite lance a la phenomenologie
Research Advances in Treatment for Lead-Containing Wastewater

The current six commonly used lead-containing wastewater treatment and its development direction were outlined,including chemical precipitation,adsorption,electrolysis,membrane separation,ion exchange and biological methods,meanwhile the advantages / disadvantages and apply range of each method were compared. For high concentrations wastewater series combination of technology always promises an approving removal efficiency,and effective pretreatment is demanded for low concentrations wastewater. In practical,the factors such as the efficiency and cost etc. should be taken into account to choose the right approach.
Influence of Acupuncture Intervention on Serum D-D, NSE and NPY Content in Rat Model of Severe Hand Foot Mouth Disease

Objective: To observe influence of acupuncture at "'Baihui'(DU20)" on serum D-two dimers(D-D), neuron specific enolase(NSE) and neuropeptide Y(NPY) contents in SD rat with severe hand foot and mouth disease, and to find a meeting point between the acupuncture of "'Baihui'(DU20)" point and therapeutic effect of severe hand foot mouth disease, in order to provide experimental evidence for the clinical application of acupuncture at "'Baihui'(DU20)" in severe hand foot and mouth disease and improvement of the prognosis. Methods: The EV71 virus domestication gets high neural invasion of virus; SD rats pretreated with determination of severe hand foot mouth disease rat model of SD; With treatment with western medicine,acupuncture and moxibustion at "'Baihui'(DU20)" for 2 weeks, D-D, NSE and NPY levels were measured by radioimmunoassay.Results: The western medicine group, acupuncture group and moxibustion group significantly reduced serum D-D,NSE and NPY levels in SD rats with severe hand foot mouth disease, and the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion group was more significant effect(P0.01), which showed that the effect of western medicine treatment on inhibition of D-D, NSE and NPY levels was lower than that of Weste rnmedicine plus acupuncture at "'Baihui'(DU20)". Conclusion: Acupuncture at "'Baihui'(DU20)" treatment can reduce the serum D-D,NSE and NPY levels in SD rats with severe hand foot mouth disease. The mechanism of acupuncture at "'Baihui'(DU20)" on severe hand foot mouth disease may related to inhibition of D-D, NSE and NPY levels.
Localization Speed Control System in Hydropower Nuozadu

This paper describes the 650MW-class features and application Lancang River in Yunnan Nuozhadu hydropower turbine governor systems,including electrical and hydraulic control some of the features,site commissioning,etc.,hoping to provide a reference for the manufacture and testing giant machine speed controlsystem,We also hope to promote the governor of China's huge domestic units accumulated some experience.
PRECISION IN ESTIMATES OF DISABILITY PREVALENCE FOR THE POPULATION AGED 65 AND OVER IN THE UNITED STATES BY RACE AND ETHNICITY.

Populations are aging worldwide. In the United States (US), the older adult (aged ≥65) population will increase rapidly in the decades to come. Identifying public health needs in older adults requires that sample-derived estimates of disability prevalence be produced using transparent methodologies.Produce estimates of disabilities for the US older adult population by race and ethnicity and present measures on the 'level of precision' in the estimates.Cross-sectional study used American Community Survey (ACS) Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) 3-year file collected during 2009-2011 survey period.Community dwelling population aged ≥65 in US.The 1,494,893 actual survey participants (unweighted count) are said to represent 40,496,512 individuals after population weights are applied (weighted count). From the weighted counts, the average age is 75, about 56% are females, and most (80%) are Non-Latino-Whites (NLW).Qualitative comparisons provide some evidence that except for hearing, disability prevalence is highest in Non-Latino-Blacks along the following disability items: independent living (25%); ambulatory (34%); self-care (15%); cognitive (11%); and vision (11%). Person inflation ratios, width of 95% confidence interval, and rates of allocations are smaller in NLWs than all the other race-ethnic groups-suggesting disability estimates for NLWs merit the highest level of confidence.Improving measures of health in the older adult population requires that efforts continue to highlight how estimates of disability prevalence have the potential to vary in precision and as a function of various known and unknown factors.
Genetic dissection of Flaviviridae host factors through genome-scale CRISPR screens

The Flaviviridae are a family of viruses that cause severe human diseases. For example, dengue virus (DENV) is a rapidly emerging pathogen causing an estimated 100 million symptomatic infections annually worldwide. No approved antivirals are available to date and clinical trials with a tetravalent dengue vaccine showed disappointingly low protection rates. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) also remains a major medical problem, with 160 million chronically infected patients worldwide and only expensive treatments available. Despite distinct differences in their pathogenesis and modes of transmission, the two viruses share common replication strategies. A detailed understanding of the host functions that determine viral infection is lacking. Here we use a pooled CRISPR genetic screening strategy to comprehensively dissect host factors required for these two highly important Flaviviridae members. For DENV, we identified endoplasmic-reticulum (ER)-associated multi-protein complexes involved in signal sequence recognition, N-linked glycosylation and ER-associated degradation. DENV replication was nearly completely abrogated in cells deficient in the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex. Mechanistic studies pinpointed viral RNA replication and not entry or translation as the crucial step requiring the OST complex. Moreover, we show that viral non-structural proteins bind to the OST complex. The identified ER-associated protein complexes were also important for infection by other mosquito-borne flaviviruses including Zika virus, an emerging pathogen causing severe birth defects. By contrast, the most significant genes identified in the HCV screen were distinct and included viral receptors, RNA-binding proteins and enzymes involved in metabolism. We found an unexpected link between intracellular flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) levels and HCV replication. This study shows notable divergence in host-depenency factors between DENV and HCV, and illuminates new host targets for antiviral therapy.
Mental and Physical Health of Children in Foster Care

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Each year, nearly 1% of US children spend time in foster care, with 6% of US children placed in foster care at least once between their birth and 18th birthday. Although a large literature considers the consequences of foster care placement for children’s wellbeing, no study has used a nationally representative sample of US children to compare the mental and physical health of children placed in foster care to the health of children not placed in foster care. METHODS: We used data from the 2011–2012 National Survey of Children’s Health, a nationally representative sample of noninstitutionalized children in the United States, and logistic regression models to compare parent-reported mental and physical health outcomes of children placed in foster care to outcomes of children not placed in foster care, children adopted from foster care, children across specific family types (eg, single-mother households), and children in economically disadvantaged families. RESULTS: We find that children in foster care are in poor mental and physical health relative to children in the general population, children across specific family types, and children in economically disadvantaged families. Some differences are explained by adjusting for children’s demographic characteristics, and nearly all differences are explained by also adjusting for the current home environment. Additionally, children adopted from foster care, compared with children in foster care, have significantly higher odds of having some health problems. CONCLUSIONS: Children in foster care are a vulnerable population in poor health, partially as a result of their early life circumstances.
Mechanical response of holographic photopolymers

Two-chemistry polymer systems are attractive platforms for a wide range of optical and mechanical applications due to the orthogonal chemistries of the initial thermoset matrix and the subsequent photo-initiated polymerization. This scheme allows the mechanical and optical properties of the materials to be individually addressed. However, the mechanical properties of both the initial matrix and the photopolymer system affect the performance of these materials in many applications from holography to optically-actuated folding. We present a mechanical model along with experimental demonstrations of a two-chemistry holographic photopolymer system. A three-dimensional finite element model is used to simulate the mechanical and chemical responses in time. The model uses standard material measurements to predict both large-scale deformation and more localized stress and strain. To demonstrate the magnitude of mechanical stresses possible in these materials, we show bending of thin strips with UV light activation using an optical absorber to create an intensity gradient in depth. The resulting non-uniform polymerization causes shrinkage and bending toward the light followed by swelling and bending away from the light caused by monomer diffusion. In addition to this large-scale bending, we demonstrate that the model can be used to qualitatively predict surface deformations that can be used for surface relief optical elements. The mechanical model enables understanding of shrinkage and swelling properties of a material system that affect the performance of that system over a wide range of illumination conditions.
Phosphate Deficiency and the Phosphate-Depletion Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Phosphorus depletion describes a state of substantial phosphorus deficiency within all body compartments. Most, but not all times, it is accompanied by hypophosphatemia, a serum phosphorus level of <2.5 mg/dl (<0.81 mmol/L). While hypophosphatemia is rare in the general population, among hospitalized patients, there are several high-risk subgroups, including alcoholics and the severely malnourished (e.g., those with anorexia nervosa and malignancy) [1, 2]. As phosphorus-containing ATP forms the basis of energy that is essential to most physiologic processes, significant deficiency in this element is a threat to health. Severe hypophosphatemia (≤1.0 mg/dl) has been linked to the syndrome of phosphorus depletion, characterized symptomatically by weakness, muscle and bone pain, and anorexia [3]. Animal data, human case reports, and observational human studies have demonstrated multisystem effects, including respiratory and cardiac muscle dysfunction, rhabdomyolysis, osteomalacia, and hemolysis [4]. Given the diverse and central role of phosphorus, intuition would suggest that the phosphorus-depletion syndrome enhances risk for mortality, especially in the critically ill patient. However, while observational data shows an association between severe hypophosphatemia and mortality, confounding by a variety of comorbid conditions in the critically ill makes causality difficulty to prove [2].
Organizing Social Class: Implications for Working-Class Dignity

Dignity is widely considered to be an essential element of decent work. However, the extent to which people are able to derive a sense of worth and value from their work roles and the extent to whi...
Optical sensing of anticoagulation status: Towards point-of-care coagulation testing

Anticoagulant overdose is associated with major bleeding complications. Rapid coagulation sensing may ensure safe and accurate anticoagulant dosing and reduce bleeding risk. Here, we report the novel use of Laser Speckle Rheology (LSR) for measuring anticoagulation and haemodilution status in whole blood. In the LSR approach, blood from 12 patients and 4 swine was placed in disposable cartridges and time-varying intensity fluctuations of laser speckle patterns were measured to quantify the viscoelastic modulus during clotting. Coagulation parameters, mainly clotting time, clot progression rate (α-angle) and maximum clot stiffness (MA) were derived from the clot viscoelasticity trace and compared with standard Thromboelastography (TEG). To demonstrate the capability for anticoagulation sensing in patients, blood samples from 12 patients treated with warfarin anticoagulant were analyzed. LSR clotting time correlated with prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time (r = 0.57-0.77, p<0.04) and all LSR parameters demonstrated good correlation with TEG (r = 0.61-0.87, p<0.04). To further evaluate the dose-dependent sensitivity of LSR parameters, swine blood was spiked with varying concentrations of heparin, argatroban and rivaroxaban or serially diluted with saline. We observed that anticoagulant treatments prolonged LSR clotting time in a dose-dependent manner that correlated closely with TEG (r = 0.99, p<0.01). LSR angle was unaltered by anticoagulation whereas TEG angle presented dose-dependent diminution likely linked to the mechanical manipulation of the clot. In both LSR and TEG, MA was largely unaffected by anticoagulation, and LSR presented a higher sensitivity to increased haemodilution in comparison to TEG (p<0.01). Our results establish that LSR rapidly and accurately measures the response of various anticoagulants, opening the opportunity for routine anticoagulation monitoring at the point-of-care or for patient self-testing.
Competitive Advantage of MBA for Physician Executives: A Systematic Literature Review.

In response to systemic challenges facing the US healthcare system, many medical students, residents and practicing physicians are pursuing a Master in Business Administration (MBA) degree. The value of such proposition remains poorly defined. The aim of this review is to analyze current literature pertaining to the added value of MBA training for physician executives (PEs). We hypothesized that physicians who supplement their clinical expertise with business education gain a significant competitive advantage. A detailed literature search of four electronic databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase and ERIC) was performed. Included were studies published between Jan 2000 and June 2017, focusing specifically on PEs. Among 1580 non-duplicative titles, we identified 23 relevant articles. Attributes which were found to add value to one’s competitiveness as PE were recorded. A quality index score was assigned to each article in order to minimize bias. Results were tabulated by attributes and by publication. We found that competitive domains deemed to be most important for PEs in the context of MBA training were leadership (n = 17), career advancement opportunities (n = 12), understanding of financial aspects of medicine (n = 9) and team-building skills (n = 10). Among other prominent factors associated with the desire to engage in an MBA were higher compensation, awareness of public health issues/strategy, increased negotiation skills and enhanced work–life balance. Of interest, the learning of strategies for reducing malpractice litigation was less important than the other drivers. This comprehensive systemic review supports our hypothesis that a business degree confers a competitive advantage for PEs. Physician executives equipped with an MBA degree appear to be better equipped to face the challenge of the dynamically evolving healthcare landscape. This information may be beneficial to medical schools designing or implementing combined dual-degree curricula.
Parametric numerical study of the modulation transfer function in small-pitch InGaAs/InP infrared arrays with refractive microlenses

We report on the modulation transfer function (MTF) in short-wave infrared indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) on indium phosphide (InP) planar photodetector arrays. Our two-dimensional numerical method consists of optical simulations using the finite-difference time domain method and drift-diffusion simulations using the finite-element method. This parametric study investigates MTF dependence on pitch, the addition of refractive microlenses, the thickness of the InGaAs absorber, and the doping concentration of the InGaAs absorber. A focus is placed on the connection between the lateral diffusion of photogenerated holes in InGaAs and the MTF. It is found that the MTF of small-pitch arrays exhibit sub-ideal behavior due to pixel cross-talk resulting from a long minority carrier diffusion length. By incorporating monolithic microlenses with the InP substrate, the MTF response is improved for all pitches investigated, particularly for spatial frequencies near the respective cutoff frequencies. We also find a strong dependence of the MTF on the thickness and doping concentration in the absorbing region. Trends in dark current and quantum efficiency are reported.
Curriculum Design for a Multidisciplinary Embedded Artificial Intelligence Course: (Abstract Only)

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning are rapidly developing fields, garnering increased attention from the public, as well as academia and industry. Recent advances allow us to use our smart devices at home to control TVs, speakers, and lights. A smart speaker that is plugged into the wall can handle powerful processing that can service complex user requests. However, as we rely more and more on AI conveniences, we expect them to be at our disposal when we are moving around. In this poster, we present preliminary work on the development of a new upper-level undergraduate course open to all computer science, electrical engineering, and applied mathematics students at Wentworth Institute of Technology (WIT). The new course, titled Embedded AI (EAI), introduces topics from embedded systems, artificial intelligence, digital signal processing, linear algebra, and probability and statistics. The proposed course includes lectures introducing the theory behind each topic and laboratory assignments that provide the students with the hands-on experience. At the end of the semester, students develop an embedded AI project of their own. An interdisciplinary academic team of computer scientists and electrical and computer engineers has been working on a curriculum and researching different platforms, datasets and sensors that will ultimately enable students at WIT to develop an embedded device that can support AI tasks as well as give the students the practical skills that employers seek. Handouts will be prepared with sample curriculum and breakdown of topics.
Expression of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5 is necessary for the regulation of intestinal Na+/H+ exchanger 3 by lysophosphatidic acid in vivo.

This study is the first to assess the role of LPA5 in NHE3 regulation and fluid absorption in vivo using a mouse that lacks LPA5 in intestinal epithelial cells, Lpar5ΔIEC. Basal rates of NHE3 activ...
Proving Damages for Lost Profits: The Before-and-After Method

The before-and-after method is the most reliable method of proving damages for lost profits. The analyst compares the plaintiff’s performance during two periods, one (the “benchmark period”) in which the plaintiff’s performance is not affected by the defendant’s conduct, and another (the “loss period”) in which it was. To reliably use the before-and-after method to calculate lost profits, the analyst must choose the proper benchmark period and correct the data for any factors other than the defendant’s conduct that may have contributed to the differences in performance between the benchmark period and the loss period.
Operant Theory of Personality

The term personality has considerable meaning as used in our everyday lives and in psychological theory. However, the operant approach leads us to reject the concept of personality as “a thing” while providing an understanding of personality in its deepest sense. We believe this analysis has many practical implications and avoids some of the pitfalls that often occur in nonoperant approaches. Because the operant perspective is counterintuitive to many people, we hope the reader will keep an open mind as we present its ideas. You may come to agree that there actually are a number of valid ways to explain what we experience and observe around us.
Implementation of a hydromechanical elastoplastic constitutive model for fully coupled dynamic analysis of unsaturated soils and its validation using centrifuge test results

Prediction of unsaturated soil behavior during earthquake loading has received increasing attention in geotechnical engineering research and practice in recent years. Development of a fully coupled analysis procedure incorporating a coupled hydromechanical elastoplastic constitutive model for dynamic analysis of unsaturated soils has, however, been limited. This paper presents the implementation of a coupled hydromechanical elastoplastic constitutive model into a fully coupled dynamic analysis procedure and its validation using a centrifuge test. First, the fully coupled finite element equations governing the dynamic behavior of unsaturated soils with the solid skeleton displacement, pore water pressure, and pore air pressure as nodal unknowns are briefly presented. The closest point projection method is then utilized to implement the coupled hydromechanical elastoplastic constitutive model into the finite element equations. The constitutive model includes hysteresis in soil–water characteristic curves, cyclic elastoplasticity of the solid skeleton, and the coupling mechanisms between the SWCCs and the solid skeleton. Finally, the analysis procedure is validated using the results from a dynamic centrifuge test on an embankment constructed of compacted unsaturated silt subjected to base shaking. Reasonable comparisons between the predicted and measured accelerations, settlements, and deformed shapes are obtained.
Transmission of Intergenerational Migration Legacies in Korean American Families: Parenting the Third Generation

Therapists are expected to practice cultural awareness. However, there is limited guidance on what this means when working with second or third generation families. This grounded theory study used a social constructionist life course perspective to understand how second generation Korean American parents locate themselves in the sociopolitical context and draw on these intergenerational experiences to construct a parenting ideology. Semi-structured interviews with 20 parenting couples of children between 0 and 10 years of age showed parents engage in three major socio-contextual processes: (a) looks back on first generation parents’ experience of survival and marginalization, (b) explores meaning of being second generation Korean American parents, and (c) fosters contextual awareness of third generation children. Parenting intents appeared fueled by felt awareness of their increased societal power compared to their parents. Findings help family practitioners contextualize parenting experiences within the larger social context and suggest a nuanced, process-oriented approach to sociocultural attunement that attends to multiple interconnecting contexts, fluid across time and place.
Abstract TMP34: Identification of New Therapeutic Pathways by Transcriptome Analysis of Electrically Stimulated-Neural Progenitor Cells After Stroke

Introduction: Stem cells have emerged as an exciting stroke therapy but can also serve to determine important pathways for recovery. Utilizing an implantable, electrically conductive polymer scaffo...
Tipping The Scales of Justice: A Survey of Organizations in State Supreme Court Elections

Using a new survey of organizations, this paper examines under what conditions organizations are more likely to participate in state supreme court elections.This is the first study to ask organizations about how they participate in state supreme court elections, what factors they consider to be important when deciding to support a candidate, the effectiveness of their campaign techniques, and their motivations for participating in state supreme court elections. The results of the survey indicated that organizations were more likely to participate in state supreme court elections depending on the type of organization and the type of election system.
Rapid Lipid Droplet Isolation Protocol Using a Well-established Organelle Isolation Kit

Lipid droplets (LDs) are bioactive organelles found within the cytosol of the most eukaryotic and some prokaryotic cells. LDs are composed of neutral lipids encased by a monolayer of phospholipids and proteins. Hepatic LD lipids, such as ceramides, and proteins are implicated in several diseases that cause hepatic steatosis. Although previous methods have been established for LD isolation, they require a time-consuming preparation of reagents and are not designed for the isolation of multiple subcellular compartments. We sought to establish a new protocol to enable the isolation of LDs, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and lysosomes from a single mouse liver. Further, all reagents used in the protocol presented here are commercially available and require minimal reagent preparation without sacrificing LD purity. Here we present data comparing this new protocol to a standard sucrose gradient protocol, demonstrating comparable purity, morphology, and yield. Additionally, we can isolate ER and lysosomes using the same sample, providing detailed insight into the formation and intracellular flux of lipids and their associated proteins.