cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effect of testosterone on the regeneration of the hypoglossal nerve in rats.

Abstract The effect of testosterone propionate (TP) on nerve regeneration was studied in young adult male rats. The TP treatment promoted axonal outgrowth of the transected hypoglossal nerve as indicated by a larger proportion of hypoglossal neurons labeled by retrograde transport after injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into the tongue 2 weeks after the lesion. It was postulated that TP exerted its effect on the metabolic activity of the axotomized neurons and influenced the healing process of the nerve. The HRP axonal transport method further revealed that regeneration of the severed nerve resulted in an alteration of the somatotopic organization of the hypoglossal nucleus and a random growth of the axons into branches of the nerve in all the rats irrespective of the treatment.
Ladder approximation for three- and four-particle correlation functions: Application to thermodynamic perturbation theory

We apply the recently developed ladder approximation for three- and four-particle correlation functions to thermodynamic perturbation theory. We calculate the first correction in the perturbative expansion of the pair correlation function and the second correction in the expansion of the free energy of a fluid of particles interacting via a hard-sphere reference potential plus a perturbing term. Both calculated quantities depend on the three- and four-particle correlation functions of the reference system. The results for the free energy are in good overall agreement with computer-simulation data over a wide range of densities, up to the hard-sphere fluid-solid phase transition. The results for the pair correlation function are in good agreement with computer-simulation data except near contact at high densities.
School Boards, the Community, and School Desegregation

Local boards of education, or school boards, empowered to assume fiscal and administrative responsibility for local school districts, are legal arms of the state. Whereas they vary in the manner in which they discharge their responsibilities, they generally appoint a school superintendent to implement policy and to manage local school districts. In areas regarding teacher and administrator hiring, curriculum and educational programs, extracurricular activities, school staffing practices, community involvement, and the like, school board policies have a profound effect on overall educational quality. Another area of board policy, one that perhaps has had a more visible influence on the quality of education in local schools while simultaneously stimulating community reaction, concerns school desegregation. Because of its importance to educational quality, school desegregation functions as the lens through which the responsiveness of school boards to community desires is examined. To address these issues, this article first presents a general description of school boards. This description is followed by a review of criticisms of school boards, as well as a brief analysis
The Versatility of Function-Indexed Weighted Log-Rank Statistics

Abstract Two-sample weighted log-rank statistics are used in the presence of right censoring to test whether failure times from two populations have different survival distributions. Kosorok has showed that large families of these statistics form stochastic processes indexed by weight functions, and that these function-indexed statistics can be used to construct versatile test procedures simultaneously sensitive to a wide array of both ordered hazards and stochastic ordering alternatives. The complexity of the asymptotic distribution of these statistics precludes obtaining p values through analytical means. In this article we develop a Monte Carlo method for accurately obtaining these p values, and we evaluate the moderate sample size properties of this method and compare the power of function-indexed statistics with previously developed weighted log-rank tests. These statistics are also examined in a data analysis of the Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial (BHAT). The results of this article demonstrate that...
New fuzzy set tools to aid in predictive sensor fusion

Sensor and algorithm fusing is playing an increasing role in many application domains. As detection and recognition problems become more complex and costly, it is apparent that no single source of information can provide the ultimate solution. However, complementary information can be derived from multiple sources. Given a set of outputs form constituent source there are many frameworks within which to combine the pieces into a more definitive answer. A more fundamental question, though, is the following. If we know the general characteristics of a set of sensors, can we predict the value added by fusing their outputs together. Correspondingly, can we specify the needed characteristics of a new sensor/algorithm to add to an existing suite to gain a desired improvement in performance. These questions are difficult and, of course, coupled to the fusion framework. In this paper, we consider these questions in the context of fuzzy set theory, taking a step towards an answer. In particular, we look at a quantitative analysis of sensor system fusion of landmine detection locations. We develop new tools to examine the performance of detection position errors, modeled by vectors of fuzzy sets, in a simulation environment. The approach is shown with general data obtained from an advanced technology demonstration.
Sulphydryl reagents and Rh activity of erythrocyte stroma.

IT has recently been shown that the Rh activity of lyophilized human Rh-positive stroma could be abolished with certain sulphydryl reagents, that this could be prevented by the concurrent addition of excess thiol, and that the loss was reversible with one such reagent1. It was not established whether the antigenic activity of non-lyophilized erythrocytes shows such an effect. The resolution of this problem was hampered in the case of intact cells by the presence of soluble sulphydryl systems, including haemoglobin and glutathione2, and in the case of non-lyophilized stroma both by the occlusion of these soluble components, and by the difficulty of quantitation of wet stroma. The results of the present experiments suggest that the loss of Rh activity of lyophilized stroma brought about by sulphydryl reagents is equally true of stroma which has not been lyophilized.
Molecular subtypes of glioblastoma are relevant to lower grade glioma

Background Gliomas are the most common primary malignant brain tumors in adults with great heterogeneity in histopathology and clinical course. The intent was to evaluate the relevance of known glioblastoma (GBM) expression and methylation based subtypes to grade II and III gliomas (ie. lower grade gliomas). Methods Gene expression array, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and clinical data were obtained for 228 GBMs and 176 grade II/II gliomas (GII/III) from the publically available Rembrandt dataset. Two additional datasets with IDH1 mutation status were utilized as validation datasets (one publicly available dataset and one newly generated dataset from MD Anderson). Unsupervised clustering was performed and compared to gene expression subtypes assigned using the Verhaak et al 840-gene classifier. The glioma-CpG Island Methylator Phenotype (G-CIMP) was assigned using prediction models by Fine et al. Results Unsupervised clustering by gene expression aligned with the Verhaak 840-gene subtype group assignments. GII/IIIs were preferentially assigned to the proneural subtype with IDH1 mutation and G-CIMP. GBMs were evenly distributed among the four subtypes. Proneural, IDH1 mutant, G-CIMP GII/III s had significantly better survival than other molecular subtypes. Only 6% of GBMs were proneural and had either IDH1 mutation or G-CIMP but these tumors had significantly better survival than other GBMs. Copy number changes in chromosomes 1p and 19q were associated with GII/IIIs, while these changes in CDKN2A, PTEN and EGFR were more commonly associated with GBMs. Conclusions GBM gene-expression and methylation based subtypes are relevant for GII/III s and associate with overall survival differences. A better understanding of the association between these subtypes and GII/IIIs could further knowledge regarding prognosis and mechanisms of glioma progression.
Evolution of dobutamine echocardiography protocols and indications: safety and side effects in 3,011 studies over 5 years.

Abstract Objectives. This study sought to document the safety of dobutamine stress echocardiography as it has evolved at a single center and to define predictors of adverse events. Background. The indications and protocol for dobutamine stress testing have evolved over 5 years of clinical use, but the influence of these changes on the safety and side effects of the test is undefined. Methods. Over 5 years, 3,011 consecutive dobutamine stress studies were performed in 2,871 patients, using an incremental protocol from 5 to 40 μg/kg body weight per min in 3-min stages, followed by atropine or an additional stage with 50 μg/kg per min, if required. Clinical data were gathered prospectively, and hemodynamic and echocardiographic findings were recorded at each stage, including recovery. Dobutamine echocardiography was defined as positive for ischemia in the presence of new or worsening wall motion abnormalities; in the absence of ischemia, failure to attain 85% of age-predicted maximal heart rate was identified as a nondiagnostic result. Results. Studies were performed for risk assessment (70%) and symptom evaluation (30%); over the study period, there was an increment in the use of dobutamine echocardiography for preoperative evaluation. Most tests (n = 2,194 [73%]) were terminated due to attainment of peak dose with achievement of target heart rate (>85% maximal age-predicted heart rate); 455 patients (15%) failed to achieve >85% maximal predicted heart rate despite maximal doses of dobutamine and atropine. The protocol was stopped prematurely in 230 patients (7.6%) because of side effects, including ventricular (n = 27 [0.9%]) and supraventricular rhythm disorders (n = 22 [0.7%]), severe hypertension (n = 24 [0.8%]) and hypotension or left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (n = 112 [3.8%]). Noncardiac symptoms, such as headache, nausea or anxiety, caused early test termination in 45 patients (1.6%). The remaining tests were stopped because of severe chest pain (n = 106 [3.5%]) or severe ischemia by echocardiography (n = 26 [0.9%]). Serious complications occurred in nine patients, including sustained ventricular tachycardia in five, myocardial infarction in one and other conditions in three requiring hospital admission (sustained supraventricular tachycardia, hypotension, suspected myocardial infarction), but neither ventricular fibrillation nor death occurred. Independent predictors of serious complications could not be defined. Over 5 years, higher dose protocols and more frequent use of atropine have raised the number of diagnostic protocols from 59% to 80%, without increasing the incidence of major side effects. Conclusions. Despite the use of more aggressive protocols and alterations of the indications for testing to include sicker patients, major side effects are a rare complication of dobutamine echocardiography. (J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;29:1234–40)
Design, fabrication, and characterization of electrostatic microrelays

This paper describes the development of electrostatically-actuated nickel microrelays. Device design is based on lateral comb-finger drives for actuation of the relay contact. The contact geometry is intended to reduce the 'ON' resistance and also prevent spontaneous closing of the relay. Planar microrelays, up to 15 micrometers thick, are batch fabricated using nickel surface micromachining which uses electroless plated nickel as the structural material, high-aspect- ratio positive resist lithography for the plating mold, and polysilicon as the sacrificial layer. The microfabricated relays were successfully actuated to investigate electrical contact attributes. Initial experiments reveal contact resistances to be around 15(Omega) and current densities up to 2mA/micrometers 2 without degradation.
Last call for adenosine transporters.

Some people seem to hold their liquor better than others, but are also more prone to becoming alcoholics. Altered function of the adenosine type 1 equilibrative nucleoside transporter (ENT1), which regulates the neurotransmitter adenosine, may be the reason.
Plastic–PDMS bonding for high pressure hydrolytically stable active microfluidics

We explore the application of organofunctional silanes for bonding plastic substrates to PDMS membranes. Such devices would enable actuated membrane microfluidics in plastic devices. Bond strength degradation in aqueous environments can be reduced by using bis-silanes with larger alkoxy end groups to promote organofunctional bond formation with the plastic substrate. Hydrolytic failure can also result from low silane crosslink density or interface hydrophilicity. A test device consisting of three-valve peristaltic pumps is fabricated out of polycarbonate (PC) and bonded to PDMS through isopropoxy modified bis-trimethoxy-silyl-propyl-amine. Valves operated up to 60 psi in aqueous environments without failure. Solutions of DI water and 1 M HCl were also pumped through the device via peristaltic actuation at 18 psi for 2 weeks without bond failure. 1 M NaOH was also tested but resulted in bond failure after 115 hours.
Thinking about War and Peace: Andrew Marshall and the Early Development of the Intellectual Foundations for Net Assessment

This article discusses some of the background and early intellectual influences of Andrew Marshall and the development of the net assessment framework. In particular, it focuses on some of the intellectual foundations for net assessment, key characteristics, and how the style, vision, and ideas of Andrew Marshall have been and continue to be influential for performing net assessment. While focusing mostly on the intellectual/biographical aspects of Marshall's ideas and thoughts, the topic demonstrates significant scholarly implications for current and future strategists, such as the significance of interdisciplinary research for strategic thinking (such as that conducted by the RAND Corporation in the 1950s and 1960s) and the importance of diagnosis in strategy.
Further biochemical and morphological studies of granule fractions from rabbit heterophil leukocytes

Fractionation of rabbit heterophil leukocyte homogenates by isopycnic centrifugation as well as by zonal sedimentation has helped to characterize further the particulate components of these cells. Four classes have been identified: (A) Large (0.5–0.8 µm) and dense (1.26) azurophil or primary granules, containing all the myeloperoxidase, one-third of the lysozyme, and a major proportion of the lysosomal acid hydrolase activities of the cells. (B) Smaller (0.25–0.40 µm) and less dense (1.23) specific or secondary granules, containing 90% of the alkaline phosphatase and the remainder of the lysozyme activities, but very little if any acid hydrolases. (C) Particles of low density (1.20), containing the remainder of the lysosomal acid hydrolases. This fraction was heterogeneous, but showed abundant small rod- or dumbbell-shaped particles of moderate electron opacity, surrounded by a single membrane (tertiary granules?). The possible origin of these lysosomes from contaminating macrophages could not be ruled out but appeared unlikely. (D) Slowly sedimenting material of very low density (1.14), made up of large, empty vesicular membrane structures, and containing 10% of the alkaline phosphatase, and all of a thiol-dependent acid p-nitrophenyl phosphatase, an enzyme clearly different from the lysosomal acid phosphatase.
Designing Transcription Factor Architectures for Drug Discovery

Recent advances in the design, selection, and engineering of DNA binding proteins have led to the emerging field of designer transcription factors (TFs). Modular DNA-binding protein domains can be assembled to recognize a given sequence of a DNA in a regulatory region of a targeted gene. TFs can be readily prepared by linking the DNA-binding protein to a variety of effector domains that mediate transcriptional activation or repression. Furthermore, the interaction between the TF and the genomic DNA can be regulated by several approaches, including chemical regulation by a variety of small molecules. Genome-wide single target specificity has been demonstrated using arrays of sequence-specific zinc finger (ZF) domains, polydactyl proteins. Any laboratory today can easily construct polydactyl ZF proteins by linkage of predefined ZF units that recognize specific triplets of DNA. The potential of this technology to alter the transcription of specific genes, to discover new genes, and to induce phenotypes in cells and organisms is now being applied in the areas of molecular therapeutics, pharmacology, biotechnology, and functional genomics.
An automatic phase alignment system for transmitters

An automatic phase alignment concept that will adjust and maintain the correct phase balance within a radar transmitter configured with one or more pairs of parallel channels is proposed. Such a system would eliminate the maintenance of tight tolerances on the absolute lengths of individual components within the transmitter's parallel paths and will compensate for long-term variations in component parameters. Two systems based on the phase alignment concept have been developed and evaluated. Test results are given. >
A Strategic Framework for Building Civic Capacity

This article refines our understanding of the building blocks of civic capacity. It argues that the development of civic capacity depends heavily on the tractability or “wickedness” of public problems. Problem tractability, in turn, depends on leaders’ ability to manage processes of learning and bargaining strategically by influencing policy networks, governance institutions, and collective cognitive frames. Longitudinal case studies of urban growth and transportation in Seattle highlight the benefits for civic capacity of building robust networks and legitimate, transparent governance institutions, and of adjusting the frames of debate in light of situational demands. The article concludes with propositions and implications for future research.
Sorghum Transformation: Overview and Utility

Over the past decade genomics resources available for sorghum have rapidly expanded (Paterson Int J Plant Genomics 2008:6, 2008), these resources, coupled with the recent completion of the genome sequence which is relatively small in size (730 Mb) (Paterson et al. Nature 457:551–556, 2009) makes sorghum a rather attractive species to study. Moreover, the USDA germplasm system maintains 42,614 accessions, of which more than 800 exotic landraces have been converted to day length-insensitive lines to facilitate their use in breeding programs. In addition, a set of EMS mutation stocks developed by the USDA Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit in Lubbock, TX (Xin et al. Bioenerg Res 2:10–16, 2009) will be a valuable resource for functional genomics studies in sorghum. However, in order to be a robust system for study a suite of functional genomics tools are necessary to complement these other resources to aid in down-stream hypothesis testing. A key functional genomics tool is the ability to modulate gene expression through the introduction of transgenic genetic elements. This is exemplified by recent work (Cook et al. Plant Cell 22:867–887, 2010) in which RNAi experiments were employed to specifically reduced expression of two alkylresorcinol synthases to demonstrate their role in the synthesis of the allelopathic molecule sorgoleone. In addition to its value as a functional genomics tool, plant transformation offers a route to broaden access to novel input and output traits for sorghum breeding programs.
Amino acid neurotransmitter receptor/chloride channels of mammalian sperm and the acrosome reaction.

Two different amino acid neurotransmitter receptor/Cl - channels, a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA A ) receptor-like/ Cl - channel and a glycine receptor/Cl - channel, have recently been found in mammalian sperm and shown to be involved in the sperm acrosome reaction (AR), an exocytotic event essential to mammalian fertilization. The identity of the receptor/channel involved in the AR depends upon the stimulatory ligand. The AR initiated by the egg zona pellucida requires the participation of the sperm glycine receptor/Cl - channel, whereas the AR initiated by another putative physiological AR initiator, progesterone, involves the sperm GABA A receptor-like/Cl - channel. Cl - efflux through the latter has been shown to occur during the progesterone-initiated AR. Activation of sperm amino acid neurotransmitter receptor/Cl - channels may result in plasma membrane depolarization and thereby exert at least a partial control over voltage-sensitive sperm Ca 2+ channels and Ca 2+ influx important to the AR.
5: Adolescent Intimate Partner Violence and Contraceptive Nonuse among Adolescent Females Utilizing Teen Clinics

study agreed to HIV testing; perceptions of risk appeared to be a motivating factor in decision to be tested. The availability of oral fluid testing may improve acceptability and thus rates of HIV testing. Rapid, point-of-care testing in a general adolescent clinic population appears to improve receipt of test results, which ultimately could improve knowledge of HIV serostatus among adolescents. Sources of Support: National Research Service Award Training Grant 1T32PE10027.
Patterning of granular magnetic media with a focused ion beam to produce single-domain islands at >140 Gbit/in/sup 2/

We have used a focused ion beam to directly pattern thin-film granular perpendicular Co/sub 70/Cr/sub 18/Pt/sub 12/ media. By cutting trenches /spl sim/6 nm deep in the /spl sim/20 nm media, we have produced square arrays of magnetically isolated islands with periods in the range 65-500 nm. At periods below /spl sim/130 nm we observe only single magnetic domains, which exhibit a rough "checker-board" pattern upon ac demagnetization. We have patterned at densities of over 140 Gbit/in/sup 2/.
The inefficiency of least squares: extensions of the kantorovich inequality

Abstract Four different measures of inefficiency of the simple least squares estimator in the general Gauss-Markoff model are considered. Previous work on the bounds to some of these measures is briefly reviewed, and new bounds are obtained for a particular measure.
Side Shear Setup. I: Test Piles Driven in Florida

The available literature indicates that pile side shear increases almost linearly with the logarithm of time elapsed after driving, sometimes described using a dimensionless setup factor. A test pile program conducted by the University of Florida measured side shear setup (SSS) for up to 4.7 years on five, 457-mm (18-in), square, prestressed, concrete piles driven into coastal plain soils at different sites. Dynamic tests performed during initial driving and two restrikes measured short-term SSS. Osterberg cells, the first installed in driven concrete piles, measured long-term SSS starting within 24 h of driving and continuing with two to five additional, staged tests. Extensive instrumentation, including vibrating wire strain gauges, Marchetti total stress cells, and vibrating wire piezometers, divided the five piles into 28 segments by soil type with horizontal effective stress measurements for 18 of the segments. This paper describes the University of Florida test pile program and its results. A companion paper analyzes the test results and recommends procedures for implementing SSS in design.
An Evaluation of Post Conservation Reserve Program Alternatives In The Texas High Plains

Four policy alternatives for CRP lands upon expiration of the current contracts in Hale County, Texas are evaluated using chance-constrained programming. It was found that if CRP contracts are extended at the current average rental rate, 40 percent of the current enrollment would be expected to return to crop production, while 66 percent would return to crop production if the program were eliminated. The results also indicate that the marginalvalue of CRP payments to producers is lower than the marginal value of deficiency payments.
Ratings of fetal alcohol syndrome facial features by medical providers and biomedical scientists.

Medical providers, (obstetricians, pediatricians) and biomedical research scientists engaged in fetal alcohol research for many years evaluated facial photographs of newborns previously diagnosed clinically as having or not having fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Medical providers and biomedical scientists did not differ significantly in their ratings. Children independently diagnosed as having FAS were distinguished from non-FAS children by both groups. Providing raters with additional information about children (e.g., birth weight) did not alter judgements significantly. Raters were highly consistent in the ratings they assigned to children (r= 0.96). Accuracy was assessed using signal detection measures (e.g., likelihood ratio, d'). Based on these measures, the two occupational groups did not differ significantly, and rater accuracy was highly significant. Mean ratings were highly correlated with positive maternal Michigan Alcohol Screening Test scores (r= 0.84). These results suggest that the facial features associated with fetal alcohol exposure are readily identifiable, and this, in turn, implies that recognition problems need not be a major contributor to ascertainment of FAS.
Relationship of Protein Level of Sorghum Grain to its Nutritive Value as Measured by Chick Performance and Amino Acid Composition

Abstract SORGHUM grain is one of the major cereal grains used in diets of poultry and swine in the Great Plains. Protein content of sorghum grain is affected by such factors as location, hybridization and nitrogen fertilization (Burleson et al., 1956; Byrid et al., 1960; Miller et al., 1964). Protein variation results in amino acid variation in the grain (Deyoe and Shellenberger, 1965). Information is lacking on the nutritive value of sorghum grains with variable protein levels in poultry diets. Also, there is less than perfect agreement regarding the limiting amino acids in protein of sorghum grain. Adrain and Sayerse (1957) stated that the limiting amino acid in millet and sorghum was lysine. Mangay et al. (1957) suggested that millet was deficient in lysine but contained a high percentage of tryptophan. However, Baptist (1954) found that sorghum (tropical varieties) was low not only in lysine but also in methionine and tryptophan… .
Fine-needle aspiration of head and neck masses in children

Purpose: Head and neck masses in children are common. Suspicious or persistent masses are referred to the otolaryngologist who is faced with the dilemma of deciding which ones require surgical excision. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in adults helps distinguish lesions requiring excision from those that do not. Few reports exist of its use in children. Patients and Methods: Between January 1991 and December 1994, 67 FNAs were performed on children, 29 of which (43%) were for head and neck masses. Based on the FNA findings, 16 patients underwent surgery. Results: In 13 patients, the final pathology was consistent with the FNA-findings: granulomatous diseases (3), branchial cysts (3), acute/chronic lymphadenitis (3), thyroglossal cyst, hemangioma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and Castleman's disease (one each). There was one misdiagnosis, no false positives, and two nondiagnostic specimens. Based on the results of FNA, surgery was not performed in the remaining 10 patients. The cytology was: cervical lymphadenopathy (7), abscess formation (1), lymphangioma (1), and leukemia (1). Conclusion: We conclude that FNA is an extremely useful tool in the management of head and neck masses in children. It is very well-tolerated by children, and we did not encounter any comolications.
Investigation of novel floating-electrode unidirectional SAW transducers (FEUDT's)

For low-loss SAW device applications, a variety of single-phase unidirectional transducers (SPUDT's) have been developed. In particular, the DART, using electrodes of different widths, is well established in practical devices. Alternatively, the FEUDT, introduced by Yamanouchi in 1984, employs floating electrodes to introduce directivity. This paper is concerned with FEUDT's in which the electrodes have constant width and pitch. For these cases the transducer reflection coefficient is governed by electrical effects, and consequently the FEUDT is much less critical of film thickness than the DART. Also, unlike the DART, the FEUDT's are effective on strongly-piezoelectric substrates such as lithium niobate. Recently a new analysis of FEUDT's was reported. This is a simplified method using the quasi-static approximation, which is applicable because reflections would be negligible if all the electrodes were shorted. The FEUDT's obey this condition because they have more than two electrodes per wavelength. In this paper, further investigation of FEUDT's is reported using the same analysis, and a variety of novel FEUDT's with 4,5 and 6 electrodes per wavelength are described. Data are given for the transduction, reflection and capacitance parameters per period, and the relative phases between reflection and transduction which is needed to calculate directivity. In many cases the reflection and transduction centres are easily identified from geometrical considerations. The relative performance of the new FEUDT's is reviewed.
Radiation transport for R-Z modeling of Z-pinches: Validating and optimizing ray tracing methods with Monte Carlo solutions

Radiation, mostly soft x-rays, plays a critical role in the dynamical evolution as well as in the diagnosis of Z-pinches. Detailed MHD modeling is an important tool in gaining basic physical insight into their behavior and in guiding experiments and load design. With radiation dominating the energy budget, it is therefore important to employ the most realistic treatment of radiation generation and transport as is feasible when weighing overall computational demands of the model against available resources. The present work is focused on extending practical yet accurate numerical methods for radiation transport from the one-dimensional to the two-dimensional regime, subject to a self-consistent coupling with detailed configuration atomic models. Our approach is based on equal weight quadratures1, and can describe transport in spectral lines by using either a frequency grid or a line-profile-averaged attenuation function2.
An unusual cause of volvulus: the misplaced suprapubic catheter.

2 75-year-old man presented with a history of stroke 3 ears prior. He underwent a suprapubic catheterization or neurogenic bladder. He was admitted to our Emerency Department (ED) with the chief complaint of bdominal fullness and no urine output for 1 day. On rrival, he was febrile to 39.2°C (102.6°F), hypotensive, nd had developed peritoneal signs. The blood pressure as 92/64 mm Hg, heart rate 112 beats/min, and respiatory rate 22 breaths/min. Clinically the patient had a alpable bladder, and trans-abdominal ultrasound sugested a bladder volume of greater than 400 mL. An ndwelling urinary catheter was inserted with no urine eturned. Abdominal radiographs showed small bowel bstruction (Figure 1a). The main laboratory findings evealed the following: Glucose 102 mg/dL, SGOT 49 /L, BUN 48 mg/dL, serum creatinine 4.5 mg/dL, soium 127 mEq/L, serum potassium 6.2 mEq/L, hemolobin 11.5 gm/dL, hematocrit 34%, and WBC 13,800 uL. Arterial blood gas on room air revealed ph 7.23, CO2 25.8 mm Hg, PO2 60.7 mm Hg, and HCO3 17.6 mol/L. The patient was admitted to the intensive care nit for fluid resuscitation. An abdominal computed toography (CT) scan was performed after stabilization. his examination showed bladder distension (Figure 1b), ilatation of the small bowel distal to the point of obtruction with a balloon catheter (Figure 2). It also howed a well-defined concentric lesion with a spokeheel appearance with mesentery torsion in the pelvic avity (Figure 3). An urgent laparotomy was arranged.
Mechanical Properties of Fabric Woven from Yarns Produced by Different Spinning Technologies: Yarn Failure in Woven Fabric

A study has been conducted on the mechanisms of in-situ tensile failure of staple yams during uniaxial tensioning, as in a conventional ravel strip test. The yarns were PET/cotton blends processed ...
The immunolocalization and divergent roles of phosducin and phosducin-like protein in the retina.

PURPOSE These investigations were undertaken to compare and contrast the roles of phosducin and phosducin-like protein in the retina. METHODS Phosducin and phosducin-like protein were compared in an in vitro assay measuring their inhibition of transducin binding to light-activated rhodopsin. The two proteins were localized within the retina by immunoblot analyses and immunocytochemistry using affinity-purified antibodies with high specificity for each of the two homologs. The sensitivity of phosducin-like protein to phosphorylation was probed using in vitro protein kinase reactions. RESULTS Phosducin and phosducin-like protein were found to have similar, though not identical, transducin inhibiting activity in vitro. These two proteins were found to be localized dissimilarly within the retina, with spatial overlap limited to the inner segments of the photoreceptors. Phosducin is found exclusively in photoreceptor cells, including the synaptic and nuclear layers, while phosducin-like protein is found throughout the inner retinal layers, most abundantly in the bipolar cells of the inner nuclear layer. Phosducin-like protein is not efficiently phosphorylated by the protein kinases tested, indicating that its regulation differs from that of phosducin. CONCLUSIONS It appears that phosducin and phosducin-like protein play distinct roles in the retina. While phosducin is likely to be important in feedback regulation of the visual signal, such as in light adaptation, phosducin-like protein probably has little if any function in the phototransduction cascade. Phosducin-like protein may have a role in regulating the processing of visual signals by the neural cells of the inner retina.
Principles of Quality for Nuclear Technology: Essential for Sustainable Energy at Reasonable Costs in a Clean Environment

At a time of almost certain need because of local and global challenges to the environment from overuse of fossil and other organic fuels, nuclear technology may not be available in the United States because it lacks credibility with many Americans. It lost credibility because leaders of the nuclear community failed to ensure that important principles of quality were used to manage, regulate, and develop policies for its use.
Neutrinoless double- β decay of Se 82 in the shell model: Beyond the closure approximation

We recently proposed a method [R. A. Senkov and M. Horoi, Phys. Rev. C 88, 064312 (2013)] to calculate the standard nuclear matrix elements for neutrinoless double-$\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay ($0\ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\beta}\ensuremath{\beta}$) of $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$ going beyond the closure approximation. Here we extend this analysis to the important case of $^{82}\mathrm{Se}$, which was chosen as the base isotope for the upcoming SuperNEMO experiment. We demonstrate that by using a mixed method that considers information from closure and nonclosure approaches, one can get excellent convergence properties for the nuclear matrix elements, which allows one to avoid unmanageable computational costs. We show that in contrast with the closure approximation the mixed approach has a very weak dependence on the average closure energy. The matrix elements for the heavy neutrino-exchange mechanism that could contribute to the $0\ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\beta}\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay of $^{82}\mathrm{Se}$ are also presented.
Ultrasound Effects on Electroneuromyographic Measures In Sensory Fibers of the Median Nerve

The purpose of this study was to clarify the available literature and study the influence of ultrasound on the conduction velocity and amplitude of evoked sensory potentials in the median nerve. Thirteen subjects were assigned to either Experimental or Control Groups for ultrasound or placebo treatments. We compared sensory-nerve conduction velocity in the median nerve after 10 minutes of ultrasound treatment at three intensity levels (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 W/cm2) with sensory-nerve conduction velocity in the median nerve after 10 minutes of placebo ultrasound treatment (0.0 W/cm2). No significant differences were noted between groups at any of the three ultrasound intensity levels, nor were the interaction effects significant. A hypothetical model, based on the available literature, proposes that ultrasound-induced changes in sensory-nerve conduction velocity may not progress in a direct linear fashion relative to the duration of treatment.
Validation of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for quantitative analysis of histamine in fish and fishery products

AbstractA high-performance liquid chromatography method is described for quantitative determination and validation of histamine in fish and fishery product samples. Histamine is extracted from fish/fishery products by homogenizing with tri-chloro acetic acid, separated with Amberlite CG-50 resin and C18-ODS Hypersil reversed phase column at ambient temperature (25°C). Linear standard curves with high correlation coefficients were obtained. An isocratic elution program was used; the total elution time was 10 min. The method was validated by assessing the following aspects; specificity, repeatability, reproducibility, linearity, recovery, limits of detection, limit of quantification and uncertainty. The validated parameters are in good agreement with method and it is a useful tool for determining histamine in fish and fishery products.
The "New Empiricism-Bay Region Axis": Kay Fisker and Postwar Debates on Functionalism, Regionalism, and Monumentality

Danish architect Kay Fislcer is presented as a representative figure in the post–World War II architectural debates on functionalism, regionalism, and monumentality. Fisker participated in a transatlantic exchange on these matters that linked Scandinavia, the English conception of “new empiricism,” and the teaching and architectural practice associated with two noted American schools at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of California at Berkeley. Prominent Americans in this program for a modern architecture that confronted the more dominant ideology of the International Style included Lewis Mumford, William Wilson Wurster, Pietro Belluschi, and Lawrence B. Anderson.
The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

In this review we evaluate specific therapeutic strategies for the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)1,2 and make recommendations on their use. We begin with a brief overview of the laboratory tests used to evaluate suspected cases of the syndrome, because these often dictate the subsequent therapeutic approaches. The clinical features, pathogenesis, and pathologic features of ARDS have been reviewed extensively elsewhere.3–18 We recognize that the understanding of ARDS and its optimal clinical management will continue to advance and that our recommendations will therefore be modified. Definition of ARDS The recent European–American Consensus Conference on ARDS developed the following . . .
An Electromagnetic Radiation Probe for Near-Field Measurements at Microwave Frequencies*

AbstractAn experimental study is described, leading to the design and construction of a near-field electromagnetic radiation probe operable in the frequency band 915 to 2450 MHz. The study is concerned with some of the problems involved in making accurate near-field measurements, particular emphasis being placed on measurements in close proximity to potential sources of a radiation hazard. Results of the study are incorporated into the design of a microwave radiation probe, which offers significant advantages over commercially available types.
Effect of acute aerobic exercise and histamine receptor blockade on arterial stiffness in African Americans and Caucasians.

African Americans are at greater risk for developing cardiovascular disease than Caucasians. We are the first to show that young and healthy African Americans exhibit greater central blood pressure, elevated brachial stiffness, and local carotid arterial stiffness after an acute bout of submaximal exercise compared with Caucasians, which may contribute to their higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, African Americans exhibit attenuated vasodilator response compared with Caucasians.
Frozen Ethics: Melting the Boundaries Between Medical Treatment and Organ Procurement.

When Renee Fox, medical sociologist and noted historian of organ transplantation, first learned of the proposal to use “non-heart-beating cadavers” as organ sources more than 25 years ago, she was ...
Larval stages of two deep sea pycnogonids

The larvae of two species of sea spiders in the archived collections of the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) are described: the first three instars of Ammothea allopodes Fry et Hedgpeth 1969, and one late post-hatching stage of Nymphon tenellum (Sars, 1888). Ammothea allopodes larval stages are examples of a typical protonymphon larva. The single stage of N. tenellum does not fit into any of the five recognized larval developmental patterns; it displays characteristics of an attaching larva, an encysting larva and a typical protonymphon larva. These characteristics are: (1) 3-segmented larval appendages I, II and III; (2) underived buds of appendages IV-VI, walking legs 1, 2 and 3, present; (3) the digestive tract is incomplete, there is no proctodeum present; and (4) a large amount of yolk is present. A new developmental pattern is proposed for this larval stage. How to cite this article: Fornshell J.A.. 2015. Larval stages of two deep sea pycnogonids // Invertebratze Zoology. Vol.12. No.2. P.197-205. doi: 10.15298/invertzool.12.2.05
Evaluating Secure Programming Knowledge

Secure programming is a widely used term for programming robustly. Applying the principles and methodologies of this style of programming would significantly improve the quality of software in use today. Teaching students how to program robustly, or securely, is a first step towards this goal. This paper presents a concept map for secure programming and then some questions used to evaluate students’ knowledge of this subject. These questions have been given both before and after a term of programming, computer security, and other classes that cover this subject. In this paper, we discuss how the questions reveal the students’ understanding of material in the concept map, and what erroneous ideas the questions reveal.
'Conversações do Papel e Para o Papel': Ressonâncias Machadianas na Obra de Carlos Drummond de Andrade

I this essay, I discuss the place of Machado de Assis within the Brazilian literary system by comparing and contrasting his work with that of Carlos Drummond de Andrade. In order to do so, I outline four types of dialogue between the two authors. The first is the profession of faith—the poem in which Drummond reveals Machado to be his literary addressee. The second is poetico-existential identification; that is, a commonality between the two regarding worldview, which gains form through an aesthetic conception. The third is a "resumption of paradigms," or the reoccurrence of images, techniques, and themes from Machado's fiction within Drummond's poetics. The fourth, finally, is the "resumption of syntagmata," the reoccurrence of textual quotations of or direct allusion to Machado's fiction in Drummond's poetics.
Social eye gaze in human-robot interaction: a review

This article reviews the state of the art in social eye gaze for human-robot interaction (HRI). It establishes three categories of gaze research in HRI, defined by differences in goals and methods: a human-centered approach, which focuses on people's responses to gaze; a design-centered approach, which addresses the features of robot gaze behavior and appearance that improve interaction; and a technology-centered approach, which is concentrated on the computational tools for implementing social eye gaze in robots. This paper begins with background information about gaze research in HRI and ends with a set of open questions.
Nonadiabatic quantum molecular dynamics with detailed balance

We present an approach for carrying out nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations of systems in which nonadiabatic transitions arise from the coupling between the classical atomic motions and a quasicontinuum of electronic quantum states. Such conditions occur in many research areas, including chemistry at metal surfaces, radiation damage of materials, and warm-dense-matter physics. The classical atomic motions are governed by stochastic Langevin-like equations, while the quantum electron dynamics is described by a master equation for the populations of the electronic states. These working equations are obtained from a first-principles derivation. Remarkably, unlike the widely used Ehrenfest and surface-hopping methods, the approach naturally satisfies the principle of detailed balance at equilibrium and therefore can describe the evolution to thermal equilibrium from an arbitrary initial state. A practical algorithm is cast in the form of the widely used fewest-switches surface-hopping algorithm but with switching probabilities that are not specified ad hoc like in the standard algorithm but are instead derived.
Real-Time Audio Event Detection over a Low-Cost GPU Platform for Surveillance in Remote Elderly Monitoring

The average of life expectancy of the population and the prioritization of authorities in active and home aging has increased recently. This has led governments and private organizations to increase efforts in caring the elder and dependant segment of the population. The latest advances in technology and communications point out new ways to monitor those people with special needs at their own home, increasing their quality of life of the elderly or the dependant in a cost-affordable way. This same proposal can improve the quality of caring in retirement homes, giving support to the caring services. The purpose of this paper is to present an Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) able to identify, analyze and detect specific events in the daily life environment—mostly, at home or in a residence—defined by medical and assistant staff that can be considered as an emergency situation. It is designed to be deployed in controlled environments, where social services or medical staff are thought to be nearby. This hybrid network service is intended activate several alarms in the central services when certain situations occur in the monitored place. This tele-care proposal for certain predefined risk situations is validated through a proof of concept that takes benefit of the high performance computing capabilities of a NVIDIA Graphical Processing Unit on an embedded system named Jetson TK1 to be able to process and detect the events locally, even the situations that last in time. This platform holds the basic implementation of the acoustic event detection system, for both in-home or residence-based caring service. The system is nowadays designed to identify eight different situations along time, and set the correspondent alarm when one of the situations is detected.