cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Role for Lipid Droplet Biogenesis and Microlipophagy in Adaptation to Lipid Imbalance in Yeast

The immediate responses to inhibition of phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis in yeast are altered phospholipid levels, slow growth, and defects in the morphology and localization of ER and mitochondria. With chronic lipid imbalance, yeast adapt. Lipid droplet (LD) biogenesis and conversion of phospholipids to triacylglycerol are required for restoring some phospholipids to near-wild-type levels. We confirmed that the unfolded protein response is activated by this lipid stress and find that Hsp104p is recruited to ER aggregates. We also find that LDs form at ER aggregates, contain polyubiquitinated proteins and an ER chaperone, and are degraded in the vacuole by a process resembling microautophagy. This process, microlipophagy, is required for restoration of organelle morphology and cell growth during adaptation to lipid stress. Microlipophagy does not require ATG7 but does requires ESCRT components and a newly identified class E VPS protein that localizes to ER and is upregulated by lipid imbalance.
Homotopy Classification of Maps of the Sphere

In many problems of mathematics and physics the question arises of classifying maps from the k-sphere S k into some space E. Recall that two maps S k → E are called homotopic if they can be joined by a continuous family of maps S k → E; we also say that one map can be deformed into the other, and that they belong to the same homotopy class. In this chapter we study the set {S k , E} of homotopy classes of maps S k → E. In Chapters 1 and 2 we solved this problem in the cases E = R m and E = S r , for r ≥ k. We established that {S k , R m } for all m and {S k , S r } for r > k have a single element, and that {S k , S k } is in one-to-one correspondence with the integers, the correspondence being given by the degree of the map.
Effects of music and video on perceived exertion during high-intensity exercise.

Background Dissociative attentional stimuli (e.g., music, video) are effective in decreasing ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during low-to-moderate intensity exercise, but have inconsistent results during exercise at higher intensity. The purpose of this study was to assess attentional focus and RPE during high-intensity exercise as a function of being exposed to music, video, both (music and video), or a no-treatment control condition.
Electroanatomic Magnetic Mapping during Ablation of Isthmus-dependent Atrial Flutter

Introduction: Although recent studies have demonstrated that the endpoint of isthmus conduction block is superior to that of termination and subsequent inability to induce atrial flutter (AFl), the optimal method for determining isthmus conduction block has not been determined. Electroanatomic magnetic mapping during coronary sinus (CS) pacing may provide a reliable endpoint for AFl ablation.
Purification of glyoxysomal polypeptides : immunocharacterization and subcellular localization of catalase in maturing and germinated castor bean seeds

A strategy for the rapid purification of proteins from glyoxysomes of castor bean (Ricinus communis cv. Hale) is described. The first step was to separate the proteins in the mixture on the basis of hydrophobicity by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography using a gradient of increasing acetonitrile concentration. Individual protein peaks were collected and fractionated according to molecular mass by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The purified polypeptides were used to produce monospecific, polyclonal antibodies. One of these, an anti-catalase antibody, has been employed to assess the subcellular distribution of catalase in endosperm of maturing seeds, dry seeds and seedlings. During seed maturation 45% of the catalase activity was associated with structures sedimenting at high isopycnic densities (1.21 g/cm3). However, in dry seeds, only 6% or less of the catalase activity was associated with these dense particles. In 4-day seedlings 80% of catalase activity was associated with glyoxysomes (1.24 g/cm3). A novel catalase 59 kDa subunit was found in the cytosol of 4-day seedlings and in isolated organelles from maturing and dry seed.
Influence of Estrone upon Formation of Heterophil Antibodies

SummaryAdministrations of estrone produced a moderate increase in the titer of nonspecific hemagglutinins in rabbits. This was followed by a more striking increase in the antibodies after immunization with pneumococcal vaccine.
Comparison of High-Dose Versus Standard Dose Oseltamivir in Critically Ill Patients With Influenza.

Background:Limited data support high-dose oseltamivir in critically ill patients with influenza. In several recent influenza seasons, there were oseltamivir drug shortages.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort analysis of 57 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with confirmed influenza. Patients receiving high-dose oseltamivir were compared to those receiving standard dosing.Results:When adjusted for clinically relevant predictors of disease severity, including age, duration of therapy, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, and receipt of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, there was no difference in the duration of mechanical ventilation, oxygenation, ICU length of stay, or hospital length of stay between the high-dose and standard dose groups.Conclusions:As compared to the standard doses of oseltamivir, higher-dose (ie, double dose) oseltamivir was not associated with improvement in any clinical outcomes. Using higher doses empirically on all patients during influenza...
Effects of Irradiation on Phenoloxidase Levels in Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Larvae

Laboratory trials were conducted to determine if changes in phenoloxidase, a common hemolymph component in insects, could be detected in codling moth, Gydia pomonella (L.). The 5 instars of codling moth were irradiated at doses of 0, 100, 300, 600, and 900 Gy and phenoloxidase levels were monitored at 0, 2, 4, and 6 d after treatment. The melanization method, protein electrophoresis, dot blot, and enzyme activity analyses were performed to determine phenoloxidase levels. No significant changes in the protein levels, enzymatic activity, or melanization rates in irradiated codling moth larvae were found. Although the melanization method may be adequate for determining whether larvae of the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspense (L.), were irradiated, it is not applicable to codling moth.
Different preferences between United States and European vitreoretinal surgeons: personal observations.

Purpose of reviewThis article describes the author's personal observations on different preferences in surgical technique and surgical setting between vitreoretinal specialists in the USA and Europe. These impressions, although clearly subjective, derive from the author's extensive experience with,
Eosinophilic esophagitis and proton pump inhibitors: controversies and implications for clinical practice

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a major cause of dysphagia and food impaction. Recognition and diagnosis of EoE have been increasing rapidly, but the role of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for the diagnosis of EoE and treatment of esophageal eosinophilia remains controversial. Initial diagnostic algorithms for EoE relied on a PPI trial to distinguish EoE from gastroesopha-geal reflux disease, a common cause of esophageal eosinophilia. This approach has become complicated by the recent recognition of PPI-responsive esophageal eosinophilia (PPI-REE), a disorder characterized by clinicopathologic features similar to EoE but that resolve with high-dose PPI therapy. The mechanism of PPI action for treatment of esophageal eosinophilia may rely not only on acid suppression but also on novel anti-inflammatory effects of the PPIs themselves. Treatment with PPI therapy is now considered a required step before a formal diagnosis of EoE can be made, and continuing PPI therapy in patients with PPI-REE is a common strategy. However, the role of continuing PPI monotherapy in patients with EoE remains a matter of debate. The decision to do so should hinge on improvement in symptoms and histology as well as the need for ongoing dilation.
Reading ‘On the Go’: An Inquiry into the Tempos and Temporalities of the Cellphone Novel

ABSTRACTThis article examines the phenomenon of the cellphone novel in contemporary Japan. In contrast to dominant approaches that have focused on questions of literary merit, I explore the tempos and temporalities of the cellphone novel as reading ‘on the go’. Drawing on ethnographic accounts, I attempt to develop the notion of reading ‘on the go’ so that we may move beyond prevailing discussions of cellphone novels, which have focused mainly on the literary sophistication, or lack thereof, of cellphone novels and novelists. Additionally, I argue that there is underlying tension between ‘literature’ and ‘Literature’ vis-a-vis questions of ‘proper’ reading tempos among Japanese readers. In order to explore the political, ideological, and aesthetic ramifications of changing reading and writing practices, this article places the twenty-first century controversy over cellphone novels in dialogue with a historical precedent, the early modern literary movement known as the unification of spoken and written Jap...
The Emerging Classicist

If Every Man in His Humour created any stir at all on its opening day, Jonson had little time to enjoy it. Only two days later he fought a fatal duel in the fields at Shoreditch near the Curtain Theatre with his old colleague from Pembroke’s Men, Gabriel Spencer (then acting with the Lord Admiral’s Men), and was indicted for his murder.1 Philip Henslowe reported the news to his son-in-law, the actor Edward Alleyn, with distress: ‘It is for me hard and heavy since you were with me. I have lost one of my company, which hurteth me greatly — that is, Gabriel, for he is slain in Hogsden Fields by the hands of Benjamin Jonson, bricklayer’.2 Although he was only twenty-two years old at his death, Spencer had already won fame for his acting, for he was later praised (under the name of ‘Gabriel’) by Thomas Heywood in his Apology for Actors.3 No stranger to quarrels, Spencer had previously killed a companion who threatened him with a candlestick by running him through the eye.4 Jonson’s account of their duel makes Spencer the aggressor and emphasises his own disadvantage: ‘being appealed to the fields, he had killed his adversary, which had hurt him in the arm, and whose sword was ten inches longer than his: for the which he was imprisoned, and almost at the gallows’ (Cony., 11. 241–4).
The psychological impact of mass casualty incidents on first responders: A systematic review

First responders are exposed to various types of disasters throughout their career. Because of their roles, they are often regarded as stronger people than individuals from other occupations. A systematic review of literature was conducted to determine if distinct characteristics exist that make first responders more susceptible to psychological trauma. Five categories of traits were found to put first responders at risk for psychological problems: personal, predisposing, peridisposing, postdisposing, and protective. To counteract the impact of psychological trauma, first responders need additional preincident psychological and resiliency training. Preparedness and awareness will help combat psychological impact from disasters and compassion fatigue.
Culture Remains Elusive: On the Identification of Cultural Effects with Instrumental Variables

I evaluate a method recently proposed in the American Sociological Review for identifying the causal effects of cultural values on individual behavior. I derive the assumptions of the method and ex...
Observed Relationship Behaviors and Sleep in Military Veterans and Their Partners.

Background Emerging research has begun to examine associations between relationship functioning and sleep. However, these studies have largely relied on self-reported evaluations of relationships and/or of sleep, which may be vulnerable to bias.
Quasi-optical power-combining techniques

Quasi-optical power-combining arrays overcome some limitations of traditional power combining schemes, and are expected to facilitate development of compact and reliable millimeter-wave systems. This paper presents an overview of 1993 quasi-optical power combining technology, focusing on approaches for direct DC-to-RF conversion and beam amplification. Arrays for frequency up- and down-conversion, and beam control are briefly reviewed, and possible applications and future research efforts are identified.
Pore-Engineered Metal–Organic Frameworks with Excellent Adsorption of Water and Fluorocarbon Refrigerant for Cooling Applications

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown promising behavior for adsorption cooling applications. Using organic ligands with 1, 2, and 3 phenylene rings, we construct moisture-stable Ni-MOF-74 members with adjustable pore apertures, which exhibit excellent sorption capabilities toward water and fluorocarbon R134a. To our knowledge, this is the first report of adsorption isotherms of fluorocarbon R134a in MOFs. The adsorption patterns for these materials differ significantly and are attributed to variances in their hydrophobic/hydrophilic pore character associated with differences in pore size.
In Vivo Assays for Angiogenesis

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is an important element of a large number of normal and disease processes. The most dramatic physiologically normal angiogenesis occurs during the development of the placental and embryonic vasculature. The most striking disease-associated angiogenesis is seen in the growth of solid tumors. But angiogenesis also accompanies normal processes such as the cyclical changes of the endometrium and the hair follicle, and the reparative events involved in the healing of wounds. The range of angiogenesis-associated disease processes is even broader: Angiogenesis is seen in sites of immunological activity ranging from autoimmune diseases to inflammation; it is almost universally associated with ocular diseases and injury, it is prominent in psoriasis and scleroderma, and it is a hallmark of granulomatous lesions. Studies of angiogenesis and its inhibition are therefore an integral part of numerous research programs both in academic institutions and in pharmaceutical firms interested in the development of angiogenic or anti-angiogenic strategies.
Story Comprehension for Predicting What Happens Next

Automatic story comprehension is a fundamental challenge in Natural Language Understanding, and can enable computers to learn about social norms, human behavior and commonsense. In this paper, we present a story comprehension model that explores three distinct semantic aspects: (i) the sequence of events described in the story, (ii) its emotional trajectory, and (iii) its plot consistency. We judge the model’s understanding of real-world stories by inquiring if, like humans, it can develop an expectation of what will happen next in a given story. Specifically, we use it to predict the correct ending of a given short story from possible alternatives. The model uses a hidden variable to weigh the semantic aspects in the context of the story. Our experiments demonstrate the potential of our approach to characterize these semantic aspects, and the strength of the hidden variable based approach. The model outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches and achieves best results on a publicly available dataset.
Evaluation of Alteplase 1 mg for the Restoration of Occluded Central Venous Access Devices in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract Background: Alteplase is a recombinant tissue plasminogen activator that is approved for the treatment of occluded central venous access devices (CVADs) and is commercially available as a ...
Chronic exercise enhances cardiac alpha 1-adrenergic inotropic responsiveness in rats with mild hypertension

The singular and combined effects of mild renovascular hypertension (HTN) and chronic exercise on the contractile responsiveness of the heart to alpha 1-adrenergic receptor (alpha 1-AR) stimulation were determined. Age-matched normotensive and HTN male Fischer-344 rats were assigned to sedentary control or treadmill training groups. Left ventricular (LV) contractile performance was assessed by utilizing a modified isovolumic heart preparation at varying concentrations of phenylephrine (PE). Groups studied were normotensive sedentary (NSD), hypertensive sedentary (HSD), normotensive trained (NTR), and hypertensive trained (HTR). PE elicited increases in LV developed pressure (delta P), LV maximal rate of pressure development (dP/dt(max)), and LV dP/dt(max)/delta P in all experimental groups in a dose-dependent fashion. These PE-induced effects were representative of alpha 1-AR-mediated responses because they were observed in the presence of beta-adrenoceptor blockade with propranolol. Relative to NSD, the effects of PE on contractile function were attenuated in HSD and augmented in NTR and HTR hearts. The strength of extrasystolic contractions elicited by the delivery of a 300-ms extrasystolic interval at each of three different pacing frequencies (240, 270, and 300 beats/min) was greater in NTR and HTR and significantly reduced in HSD compared with NSD. Scatchard analysis of [3H]prazosin binding was used to assess alpha 1-AR number in myocardium isolated from each experimental group. Across all groups, a significant correlation was found between alpha 1-AR number and the inotropic responsiveness of the heart to PE stimulation. Collectively, these data provide evidence that mild HTN diminishes while training augments the inotropic responsiveness of the heart to alpha 1-AR stimulation. In addition, training appears to attenuate the adverse effects of mild HTN on the alpha 1-AR contractile responsiveness of the myocardium.
What are Campaigns For? The Role of Persuasion in Electoral Law and Politics

Preface Introduction Chapter 1: The Political Campaign: Emergence of the Deliberative Ideal Chapter 2: Election Law and the Campaign-Exogeneity of Public Opinion Chapter 3: Campaigns and the Stability of Political Opinion Chapter 4: Democratic Theory and the Thin Election Campaign Chapter 5: The Tabulative Campaign Conclusion Bibliography
11 – Transportation Systems

Publisher Summary This chapter described oil and gas transportation systems. Crude oil and natural gas are transmitted over short and long distances mainly through pipelines. Pumps and compressors are used for providing pressures required for the transportation. The chapter presents principles of pumps and compressors and techniques that are used for selecting these equipments. Pipeline design criteria, fluid flow in pipelines, and flow assurance issues are also discussed in the chapter. The chapter presents and demonstrates the procedure for selection of pumps and gas compressors and illustrates the theory and applications of pipeline design.
Performances of Faith: A Relation Between Conscious and Unconscious Organizations of Faith

Performances of faith are found in ordinary and extraordinary stories, behavior, and rituals, and they are inextricably yoked to unconscious and conscious processes and organizations of faith experience. This article explores the relation between unconscious and conscious processes and organizations of faith. The claim is that the unconscious system represents unformulated experiences of faith that are affectively and relationally organized. In human development these unconscious organizations of faith experience are partially transformed by a person's conscious and self-reflective use of symbols and language. At the same time, conscious and self-reflective organizations of faith, manifested in narratives, rituals, and use of other symbolic media, continue to be shaped by unconscious processes and unconscious configurations of faith. An appreciation of the dynamic interaction between unconscious and conscious processes and organizations of faith focuses one's attention to the complexity of human performances of faith in ministry.
Dietary Quality and Glycemic Control Among Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Abstract Background/Objective: Poor dietary quality, measured by the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010), is associated with risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and type 2 diabetes. The ai...
Pharmacological characterization of a tyramine receptor from the southern cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

The southern cattle tick (Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus) is a hematophagous external parasite that vectors the causative agents of bovine babesiosis or cattle tick fever, Babesia bovis and B. bigemina, and anaplasmosis, Anaplasma marginale. The southern cattle tick is a threat to the livestock industry in many locations throughout the world. Control methods include the use of chemical acaricides including amitraz, a formamidine insecticide, which is proposed to activate octopamine receptors. Previous studies have identified a putative octopamine receptor from the southern cattle tick in Australia and the Americas. Furthermore, this putative octopamine receptor could play a role in acaricide resistance to amitraz. Recently, sequence data indicated that this putative octopamine receptor is probably a type-1 tyramine receptor (TAR1). In this study, the putative TAR1 was heterologously expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells, and the expressed receptor resulted in a 39-fold higher potency for tyramine compared to octopamine. Furthermore, the expressed receptor was strongly antagonized by yohimbine and cyproheptadine, and mildly antagonized by mianserin and phentolamine. Tolazoline and naphazoline had agonistic or modulatory activity against the expressed receptor, as did the amitraz metabolite, BTS-27271; however, this was only observed in the presence of tyramine. The southern cattle tick's tyramine receptor may serve as a target for the development of anti-parasitic compounds, in addition to being a likely target of formamidine insecticides.
Self-conscience/Physical Memory: An Immersive, Kinetic Art Installation Driven by Real-Time and Archival EEG Signals

The intermingling of art and science has often been seen as equivocal, as noncommittal, the art world dubious of the certainty of science and science seeking function in art, but both disciplines very often are in search of the same thing, something we can generalize, something common among us. Neuroscience in particular seeks to give definition to questions that art and poetry, mysticism, religion, and psychology have been asking since the beginning of recorded history and presumably longer. These are fundamental questions about the nature of identity, ideas we’ve named and redefined many times over. Self-conscience/Physical Memory is a brain-controlled robotic sculpture in the University of Houston’s Noninvasive Brain Machine Interface Laboratory. Motorized and illuminated acrylic ceiling tiles shift the architecture of the space itself in response to EEG data. The height of the panels is driven by alpha power suppression in the central cortical areas, and the tiles’ color shifts with alpha power changes in the occipital and frontal lobes. The EEG data can be input in real-time by a single participant, or, in the absence of user input, the work also serves as a playback device for archival EEG recordings, a physical manifestation of a past experience, of a moment in someone’s life, a person both absent and present in that new moment.
Improved sensitivity of laser-enhanced 1Hα-13Cα-correlation via suppression of Cα-C' scalar-coupling evolution.

Abstract Low-concentration photochemically induced dynamic polarization (LC-photo-CIDNP) enables the spectroscopic analysis of biomolecules containing the amino acids Trp and Tyr at sub-micromolar concentration in solution. Typical LC-photo-CIDNP pulse sequences involving 1H-13C correlation, however, perform well in the case of aromatic resonances but display a relatively poor signal-to-noise ratio for 13Cα and 13Cβ resonances. Here, we develop a novel pulse sequence denoted as 13C p erturbation- re covered s elective-pulse p hoto-CINDP enhanced r everse IN EP T , or 13C PRESPRINT, tailored to the LC-photo-CIDNP analysis of 1H-13Cα pairs. Our method, which is based on full suppression of 1-bond Cα-C′ scalar-coupling evolution during the constant-time delay, results into a sensitivity improvement by a factor of 2. The enhanced performance of this pulse sequence enabled us to improve the analysis of LC-photo-CIDNP laser-power dependence at very low (200 nM) sample concentration. An improved theoretical model, developed to quantitatively describe this laser-power dependence, shows excellent agreement with our 13C PRESPRINT experimental data.
Medical Student Attitudes on Nutrition Counseling After Implementation of a Novel Curricular Activity.

Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the changes in medical student attitudes toward nutrition counseling after implementation of a novel curricular activity during a required third...
Constructing a Bernard-Hubmaier Trinitarian Model of Prevenient Grace:

This article constructs a Trinitarian model of prevenient grace based on the insights of Bernard of Clairvaux and Balthasar Hubmaier. Accordingly, the three persons of the Trinity play roles in pre...
Democracy, Legitimacy, and Scale: Examining Habermas’ Administrative Turn through the Case of U.S. Forest Policy

In Between Facts and Norms, Habermas made an administrative turn in his theorization of democracy. He developed a “two-track” model of democratic legitimacy in which state power is legitimated by d...
Obesity and surgical complications of pancreaticoduodenectomy: An observation study utilizing ACS NSQIP.

Abstract Background An estimated 38% of US adults are obese. Obesity is associated with socioeconomic disparities and increased rates of comorbidities, and is a known risk factor for development of pancreatic cancer. As a fourth leading cause of death in the United States, pancreatic cancer is commonly treated with a pancreatico-duodenectomy (PD), or Whipple procedure. Data regarding the effects of obesity on post-operative complication rate primarily comes from specialized centers, however the results are mixed. Our aim is to elucidate the effects that obesity has on outcomes after PD for pancreatic head cancer using a national prospectively maintained clinical database. Method The 2010–2015 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (ACS NSQIP) Participant Use Files (PUF) were used as the data source. We identified cases in which PD was performed (CPT code 48150) in the setting of a postoperative diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (ICD9 code 157.0). We excluded cases that had emergency admissions, BMI ≤18.5 kg/m2, intraoperative wound classification of III or IV, and disseminated cancer. Cases with missing BMI, preoperative albumin, operative time, LOS data were also excluded. Multiple imputation for missing sex, race, functional status, and ASA classification using chained equations was performed.16 Patients that had BMI ≥30 kg/m2 were considered obese, and patients with BMI Results 3484 patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer. 860 patients were identified as obese. Propensity score analysis was performed matching age, sex, race, functional status, presence of dyspnea, diabetes, hypertension, acute renal failure, dialysis dependence, ascites, steroid use, bleeding disorders, history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), congestive heart failure (CHF), weight loss, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, and preoperative albumin levels. After matching, obese patients had higher risk of 30-day postoperative complications compared to control, including organ space wound infections (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.07–1.79, p = 0.0128), returning to the operating room (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.01–1.91, p = 0.0461), failure to extubate for greater than 48 h (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.09–2.34, p = 0.0153), death (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.01–2.78, p = 0.0453), septic shock (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.46–3.38, p = 0.0002), pulmonary embolism (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.07–5.45, p = 0.0332), renal insufficiency (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.33–5.38, p = 0.0058). Sensitivity analysis yielded similar results with the exception of risk for return to the operating room, death, and pulmonary embolism, P > .05. Conclusion In this large observational study using a national clinical database, obese patients undergoing PD for head of pancreas cancer had increased risk of postoperative complications and mortality in comparison to controls.
Data science-enabled molecular-to-systems engineering for sustainable water treatment

Abstract Growing social and economic pressures demand technological innovations that enable the widespread usage of unconventional sources of water. These challenges motivate the emerging fit-for-purpose paradigm, wherein water is provided at the precise quality level of the intended application. Unfortunately, to date, fundamental advances in materials and nanotechnology have been slow to advance this paradigm. Using examples from membrane science and engineering, we highlight the critical need to bridge research at the molecular and nano-scales with development at the device and systems-scales to fully realize sustainable fit-for-purpose water technology. Specifically, we present four opportunities for computing and data science to accelerate convergence of sustainable water research: materials informatics and inverse design, model-based design of experiments, superstructure optimization, and uncertainty quantification. As such, we highlight opportunities to collaboratively revolutionize molecular-to-systems engineering of sustainable water technologies, but emphasize open communication between data scientists and water-focused researchers using a common vocabulary as a significant hurdle.
Animal models of atherosclerosis

Les modeles d'atherosclerose sont envisages dans differentes especes animales: modeles aviaires (poulet, pigeon, ...), modeles de mammiferes non primates (lapins, rongeurs comme rats et souris, chats et chiens), modeles primates non humains (singes, macaques, chimpanzes)
Disordering of helium gas bubble superlattices in molybdenum under ion irradiation and thermal annealing

Abstract Self-organization of gas bubbles causes the formation of an ordered array of nanoscale gas bubbles (a gas bubble superlattice), a highly efficient mechanism for gas storage under irradiation. The stability of helium (He) gas bubble superlattices in molybdenum (Mo) under krypton (Kr) ion irradiation and thermal annealing has been investigated. The He gas bubble superlattices gradually become disordered under Kr ion irradiation at 300°C, and the order-disorder transformation process completes at 2.5 dpa. Both transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and synchrotron-based small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) reveal that the order-disorder transformation of He gas bubble superlattices is associated with a slight increase in the average bubble size. Phase-field modeling indicates that the inhomogeneous growth and coarsening of bubbles/voids cause the disordering of imperfect superlattices under irradiation and implies that highly ordered superlattices could potentially exhibit much stronger resistance to irradiation damage. Under thermal annealing, the He gas bubble superlattices in Mo become unstable and disordered at 1000°C with the bubble size increasing from ∼1.1 to ∼1.6 nm. The finding in this research provides insights into the disordering mechanisms of defect superlattices as well as guidance for designing stable defect superlattices in harsh environments.
Clinical Etiologies, Microbial Spectrum, Antibiotic Susceptibilities, and Visual Acuity Outcomes of Acute Endophthalmitis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the clinical etiologies, microbial spectrum, antibiotic resistance, and visual acuity (VA) outcomes associated with acute endophthalmitis. Methods: ...
Sub-diffraction limited photonic funneling of mid-infrared light

We develop photonic funnels, structures that provide efficient optical coupling between nano- and micro-worlds. The funnels represent conical waveguides with highly anisotropic cores and highly conductive cladding that have one opening with crossection of the order of free space wavelength and the second opening with deep subwavelength crossection. We fabricate all-semiconductor photonic funnels at mid-infrared frequency range and demonstrate, theoretically and experimentally, efficient confinement of mid-infrared light to wavelength/30 areas. Theoretically, we predict efficient out-coupling of light from ultra-small areas to diffraction-limited domain.
Quantitative assessment of finite-element models for magnetostatic field calculations

Abstract We present quantitative means for assessing the numerical accuracy of static magnetic field calculations in finite-element models. Our calculations use the three-dimensional Opera simulation software suite of Dassault Systemes. Our need to assess the effects of fringe fields requires such a 3D algorithm. While we do discuss and compare our approach to a method of accuracy estimation used in the Opera post-processor, our methods are generally applicable to any model using relaxation techniques in finite-element systems. For purposes of illustration, we present modeling and analysis of two types of quadrupole electromagnets presently in operation in the south arc of the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR). Calculations of field multipole expansion coefficients and numerical deviations from Maxwell’s equations in source-free regions are discussed, with emphasis on the dependence of their accuracy on changes to the finite-element model. Successive refinement steps in the finite-element model for the non-extraction type of CESR south arc quadrupole achieve a reduction in the RMS value of the longitudinal component of the curl vector on the magnet axis by a factor of nearly 70 from 4 . 38 × 1 0 − 2 T/m to 6 . 36 × 1 0 − 4 T/m, which is 0.0021% of the field gradient. An accuracy of 2.9% is achieved for a dodecapole coefficient of 2 . 4 × 1 0 − 4 of that of the quadrupole in the longitudinal integral of the vertical field gradient at a radius of 1 cm.
Response of an underwater cylindrical composite shell to a proximal implosion

Abstract An experimental investigation is conducted to study the dynamic underwater response of a cylindrical composite shell under near critical hydrostatic pressure, to the implosion of another shell in proximity. A primary cylindrical composite shell is imploded in proximity to a secondary shell which is similar in all respects except for the secondary shell having a smaller length. Length differences of 10% and 20% are chosen to simulate variations in collapse pressures occurring in shells from real life manufacturing defects and/or degradation during operational use. The response of the secondary shell is investigated to understand if and how its collapse occurs in addition to studying the Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) phenomenon. The pair of shells are subjected to underwater hydrostatic loading using a large pressure vessel suitable for high-speed photography in conjunction with 3D Digital Image Correlation (DIC). 3D-DIC is employed to obtain full-field displacement measurements of both the shells, and local dynamic pressure histories are also simultaneously recorded. The primary shell always imploded first, causing a dynamic loading on the secondary shell. In cases of implosion of the secondary shell, although the transient radial deformations occurred in mode 2, the failure itself occurred with a localized failure of the shell walls. It is observed that there exists an inner critical stand-off distance for the secondary shell to fail catastrophically upon the implosion of the primary shell, and an outer critical stand-off distance beyond which the secondary shell does not implode. A critical stand-off distance is found to exist only in the case of the 10% smaller secondary shell length. If the secondary shell stand-off distance is more than the outer critical distance or when length of the secondary shell is 20% smaller, the secondary shell responds with bending and breathing modes and no visible damage is recorded. When the stand-off distance is in between the inner and the outer critical distances, the relative orientation of the incipient modal shapes of the two shells is the factor governing the collapse of the secondary shell. A method is also developed to decouple full-field 3D-DIC measurements into bending and breathing deformation measurements.
Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein responses to a mechanical stimulus associate with ambulatory loading in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Mechanical factors have been implicated in the development of osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. This study tested for associations between ambulatory joint loading (total joint moment [TJM] and vertical ground reaction force [vGRF]) and changes in serum levels of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in response to a mechanical stimulus (30-min walk) in individuals with ACL reconstruction. Twenty-five subjects (mean age: 34.5 ± 9.8 years; 2.2 ± 0.2 years post-surgery) with primary unilateral ACL reconstruction underwent gait analysis for assessment of peak vGRF and TJM first (TJM1) and second (TJM2) peaks. Serum COMP concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay immediately before, 3.5 h, and 5.5 h after a 30-min walk. Pearson correlation coefficients and backward stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, with adjustments for age, sex, body mass index, and between-limb speed difference, assessed associations between changes in COMP and between-limb differences in joint loading parameters. Greater TJM1 (R = 0.542, p = 0.005), TJM2 (R = 0.460, p = 0.021), and vGRF (R = 0.577, p = 0.003) in the ACL-reconstructed limb as compared to the contralateral limb were associated with higher COMP values 3.5 h following the 30-min walk. Change in COMP at 5.5 h became a significant predictor of the between-limb difference in TJM1 and vGRF in multivariate analyses after accounting for the between-limb speed difference. These results demonstrate that higher TJM and vGRF in the ACLR limb as compared to the contralateral limb are associated with higher relative COMP levels 3.5 and 5.5 h after a 30-min walk. Future work should investigate the effect of therapies to alter joint loading on the biological response in individuals after ACL reconstruction.
Cellular and Humoral Immunity to Ebola Zaire Glycoprotein and Viral Vector Proteins Following Immunization with Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Based Ebola Vaccine (rVSVΔG-EBOV-GP)

While effective at preventing Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) disease, cellular immunity to EBOV and vector-directed immunity elicited by the recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing Ebola glycoprotein (rVSVΔG-EBOV-GP) vaccine remains poorly understood. Sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from 32 participants enrolled in a prospective multicenter study [ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02788227] before vaccination and up to six months post-vaccination. IgM and IgG antibodies, IgG-producing memory B cells, and T cell reactivity to EBOV glycoprotein, vesicular stomatitis virus-Indiana strain (VSV-I) matrix protein, and VSV-I nucleoprotein were measured using ELISA, ELISpot, and intracellular cytokine staining, respectively. Eleven participants previously received a different investigational Ebola vaccine. All participants met positivity criteria for IgG antibodies to, and circulating IgG-producing memory B cells to, EBOV glycoprotein following rVSVΔG-EBOV-GP vaccination. Transient IgM and IgG antibody responses to VSV-I matrix protein (n=1/32 and n=0/32, respectively) and nucleoprotein (n=2/32 and n=1/32, respectively) were infrequently detected, as were IgG-producing memory B cells recognizing VSV-I matrix protein (n=3/31) and nucleoprotein (n=2/31). CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses to EBOV glycoprotein were present in 15/32 and 19/32 participants at baseline and in 32/32 and 23/32 participants one month post-vaccination, respectively. CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses to VSV-I matrix protein (n=17/32 and n=16/32, respectively) and VSV-I nucleoprotein (n=23/32 for both CD4+ and CD8+ responses) were common post-vaccination. T cell responses were predominantly mono-cytokine, except CD8+ responses to EBOV glycoprotein among heterologous Ebola vaccine-experienced participants and CD8+ responses to VSV-I nucleoprotein. Overall, rVSVΔG-EBOV-GP elicits robust humoral and memory B cell responses to EBOV glycoprotein in both Ebola vaccine-naive and heterologous Ebola vaccine-experienced individuals and can generate vector-directed T cell immunity. Further research is needed to understand the significance of pre-existing vector-directed immunity on responses to booster doses of rVSVΔG-EBOV-GP and other rVSV-vectored vaccines.
Effects of crude oil on juvenile threespine stickleback somatic and immune development

Aquatic oil spills have resounding effects on surrounding ecosystems, and thus significant resources are committed to oil spill responses to remove the oil from the environment as quickly as possible. Oil has immunotoxic effects and may be particularly harmful to larval and juvenile fish as it can cause a number of developmental defects and stunt growth. In spite of significant efforts to clean oil, it is unclear whether larval and juvenile fish can recover from the effects of oil and no work has been done on the effect crude oil has on developing threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) fish. Threespine stickleback are a ubiquitous sentinel species in the northern hemisphere and are an important food source for many larger, economically valuable fish. As fish with fully marine, anadromous, and freshwater populations, stickleback are exposed to oil in a variety of aquatic environments. We hypothesized that oil exposure would suppress both growth and immunity of developing stickleback, but that fish health could be recovered by removal of the crude oil. Fish were exposed to Alaska North Slope crude oil and then were moved to water without crude oil for two weeks (depuration). Measurements of growth and immunity were taken before and after the depuration. We found that crude oil effected different developmental pathways independently, significantly impacting some but not others. This is the first study to examine the effect crude oil has on early stages of stickleback development, and that stickleback fish are unable to recover from exposure after being transferred to clean water for two-weeks, suggesting larval/juvenile stickleback exposed to crude oil need longer than two-weeks to recover if they are able to recover at all.
Fluorine-18 radiolabeling of peptides using a microfluidic flow chemistry device

573 Objectives Peptides radiolabeled with radioisotopes such as fluorine-18 ([18F]) have proven to be promising tools for studying diseases such as cancer using positron emission tomography (PET). 18F-radiolabeling can be challenging, as it must be performed in a quick and efficient manner in order to accommodate for the short half-life of fluorine-18 (109 minutes). Microfluidic flow chemistry devices allow for faster chemistry, while permitting rapid and easy control of reaction temperatures, pressures, and flow rates. We therefore propose a strategy for convenient microfluidic flow chemistry [18F]-peptide radiolabeling. Methods An Advion NanoTek® microfluidic device was used to radiolabel a model peptide, Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Lys (YGGFL). We have demonstrated the radiolabeling of YGGFL using N-succidimidyl-4-[18F]-fluorobenzoate ([18F]SFB). Peptides were assembled on Rink Amide resin using standard F-moc chemistry, and cleaved off of resin prior to radiolabeling. Synthesis was conducted using a 2-step reaction in Discovery Mode of the NanoTek® device. Pump 1 contained YGGFL peptide, pump 2 held [18F]SFB, and pump 3 held base to adjust pH as necessary for coupling. Radiolabeling was shown with temperatures from 30-50°C, flow rates from 30-60 μL/min, pump 1: pump 3 ratio of 0.4-0.5, and pump 2: reaction 1 ratio of 0.5-1. Results 18F radiolabeling of a model peptide, YGGFL was achieved in 20% purity within 5 min. Notably, [18F]SFB showed little to no hydrolysis for up to 22 reactions, over a period of 6 hours. Conclusions Rapid, automated peptide radiolabeling with [18F]SFB was readily achieved on a microfluidic device. Our work demonstrates an alternative approach to radiolabeling of peptides, and shows promise as a new technique for this common synthesis. Future efforts towards optimization of [18F]SFB peptide radiolabeling, along with a complete production of [18F]-labeled peptides from [18F]fluoride, are currently underway. Research Support Office of Science, United States Department of Energy grant DE-SC000206
How advanced cloud technologies can impact and change HPC environments for simulation

In the last years, most enterprises and IT organizations have adopted virtualization and cloud computing solutions to achieve features such as flexibility, elasticity, fault tolerance, high availability and reliability for their computational, storage and networking resource infrastructures. Moreover, recent advances in Linux containers [1] and the emergence of technologies as Docker [2] are revolutionizing the way of developing and deploying web and large scale distributed applications.
Connective tissue development in subcutaneously implanted polyvinyl sponge. I. Biochemical changes during development.

Abstract The changes in wet weight, soluble protein, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), collagen, free hydroxyproline, and ascorbic acid have been measured during the process of connective tissue development in polyvinyl sponge implants in the female rat. There was a continual decrease in tissue wet weight during the first 20 days after sponge implantation, accompanied by a reduction in the sponge volume. The amount of soluble proteins per gram of implanted sponge remained constant throughout the period of development. Deoxyribonucleic acid increased to a maximum at 20 days and then remained relatively constant. Ascorbic acid was present initially in high concentration in the extracellular fluid and underwent further increases in parallel with DNA. Collagen accumulation reached a maximum by 36 days. Free hydroxyproline paralleled the appearance of DNA. No relationship could be established between free hydroxyproline and collagen synthesis or degradation.
Taking a Chance in the Classroom: Five Concrete Reasons Your Students Should Be Learning to Analyze Data in the Reproducible Paradigm

The next time you're leafing (or more likely clicking) through a scientific journal, pick a paper and focus on the description of the data analysis. As statisticians, it's the analysis that natural...
A Model of Optimal Thermoregulation during Gestation by Sceloporus jarrovi, a Live-Bearing Lizard

Reptiles are ectotherms; that is, they depend on external sources of heat to maintain their body temperature. Body temperature is regulated behaviorally rather than metabolically, primarily via habitat choice (sun vs. shade), orientation to thermal energy sources, and posture. Many of the processes involved in a reptile’s ability to procure, process, and assimilate food, to escape from predation, and to reproduce vary in efficiency as a function of body temperature. These include the capacity for and ability to recover from activity, egestion and digestion rates, auditory sensitivity, renal function and gonadal growth (see Dawson 1975 for a review).