cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cleavages within the Prodomain Direct Intracellular Trafficking and Degradation of Mature Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4

Pro bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is initially cleaved at a consensus furin motif adjacent to the mature ligand domain (the S1 site), and this allows for subsequent cleavage at an upstream motif (the S2 site). Previous studies have shown that S2 cleavage regulates the activity and signaling range of mature BMP-4, but the mechanism by which this occurs is unknown. Here, we show that the pro- and mature domains of BMP-4 remain noncovalently associated after S1 cleavage, generating a complex that is targeted for rapid degradation. Degradation requires lysosomal and proteosomal function and is enhanced by interaction with heparin sulfate proteoglycans. Subsequent cleavage at the S2 site liberates mature BMP-4 from the prodomain, thereby stabilizing the protein. We also show that cleavage at the S2, but not the S1 site, is enhanced at reduced pH, consistent with the possibility that the two cleavages occur in distinct subcellular compartments. Based on these results, we propose a model for how cleavage at the upstream site regulates the activity and signaling range of mature BMP-4 after it has been released from the prodomain.
The extended browlift.

The evolution of the temporal mid-facelift (extended browlift) from an open hemicoronal approach to a limited temporal endoscopic procedure is reviewed. The procedure emphasizes a lateral brow elevation, a vertical suspension of the malar retaining ligament, and a temporal reshaping of redundant skin.
FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF PLAQUE AND TISSUE LIPIDS FROM PIGEONS WITH SPONTANEOUS ATHEROSCLEROSIS.

SummaryAtherosclerotic plaque, non-diseased aorta, liver and serum were collected from 5-8 year old White Carneau pigeons fed a grain diet. Lipids extracted from these tissues were fractionated into sterol esters, glyc-erides and phospholipids. Methyl esters of the component fatty acids of these fractions were prepared and quantified by gas-liquid chromatography. Unique fatty acid patterns of sterol esters were found in each of the various tissues. There is no difference in the fatty acid compositions of glycerides from the tissues studied. Phospholipids of plaques and non-diseased aorta exhibit similar fatty acid patterns as do those of liver and serum. However, the fatty acid compositions of phospholipids of plaque and non-diseased aorta are distinctly different from those of liver and serum. There is a remarkable resemblance between the fatty acid compositions of sterol esters and phospholipids of various tissues of pigeon and man.The authors gratefully acknowledged the technical assistance of Mary Fra...
A Holistic Approach to Invisible Man

As we explore holistic analysis and find valuable insights through its use, it is necessary to discuss methodology more than most literary scholars would prefer. Holistic analysis is most readily understood in metaphoric terms such as "seeing literature from a variety of perspectives" or "analysis at the juncture of several fields of knowledge." Somewhat more explicit statements are also useful. A holistic analysis can "describe a subject from a variety of disciplinary perspectives" and "note the commonalities and differences among several discrete disciplines." Used with discretion, these descriptions make possible the analysis of larger topics such as culture.
The Scientist in the Sandbox: Complexity and Dynamics in Granular Flow

Granular materials exhibit a rich variety of dynamical behavior, much of which is poorly understood. Fractal-like stress chains, convection, a variety of wave dynamics, including waves which resemble capillary waves, and fractional Brownian motion provide examples. Although granular materials consist of collections of interacting particles, there are important differences between the dynamics of a collections of grains and the dynamics of a collections of molecules; in particular, the ergodic hypothesis is generally invalid for granular materials, so that ordinary statistical physics does not apply. Nonlinear Dynamics, Mathematics, Molecular Dynamics, and Condensed Matter Physics as well as traditional Engineering fields have all contributed to recent insights for these phenomena.
The Potential of Low Frequency EPR Spectroscopy in Studying Pottery Artifacts and Pigments.

Non-destructive investigation, chemically fingerprinting, and authentication of ceramic cultural artifacts is a challenging analytical problem. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is capable of distinguishing between clays based on the paramagnetic metals present, and firing temperature (TF) based on the complexes of these metals formed at different TF values. Unfortunately, the 9 GHz frequency of conventional X-band EPR restricts sample size to a few mm and limits its applicability to small fragments. Low frequency EPR (LFEPR) is based on an EPR spectrometer operating at a few hundred MHz. LFEPR can utilize larger samples on the order of a few cm, but has a lower sensitivity due to the smaller Boltzmann ratio. Additionally, LFEPR may not be capable of detecting a spectral transition if the LFEPR operating frequency is less then the zero-field splitting of the paramagnetic metal complex. We utilized an LFEPR operating at 300 MHz which scans the applied magnetic field between the local Earth’s magnetic field and 26 mT to determine the feasibility of detecting EPR signals from clays, pigments, and glazes. Various clay samples were studied at 100 < TF < 1200 °C. Spectral differences were seen as a function of both clay type and TF. Differences in the LFEPR spectra of Han, Egyptian, and Ultramarine blue support the ability to distinguish among pigments. Paramagnetic impurities in glass may allow distinction between glaze spectra. We have also explored the utility of LFESR by the use of a radio frequency surface coil rather than an enclosed resonator. Although the active volume of the surface coil is ∼1 cm3, objects as large as 20 cm in diameter might be easily characterized with our spectrometer.
Duration of familial bonds and dispersal patterns for raccoons in south Texas

Families of raccoons ( Procyon lotor ) were monitored during 1990–1992 on the Welder Wildlife Refuge in south Texas to determine duration of familial bonds and patterns of natal dispersal and philopatry. Analysis of the pre-dispersal movements of 11 family units indicated family bonds often were maintained until juveniles’ first mating season. Twelve of 13 radiocollared males dispersed or died before their second mating season, including eight that were known to be born on the study area, but all radiocollared females ( n = 14) remained within natal areas. Related females maintained extensive spatial overlap, and some continued to den and travel together as adults.
Book Review, Andreas Wimmer. Waves of War: Nationalism, State Formation, and Ethnic Exclusion in the Modern World. Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics Series. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.

Andreas Wimmer has written an immensely impressive book. Waves of War is impressive not only in its ambition, but also in its breadth. The book, based on a series of articles written over a period of ten years, aims to address a broad interdisciplinary literature and audience in comparative historical sociology, comparative politics, and international relations about nationalism and war. It is intended to remedy the defect in current scholarship on war and peace which overlooked the political power of nationalism in shaping the contemporary world and in shaping our thinking about the causes of war and peace. What underpins the book’s analytic framework is the issue of “how power, legitimacy, and conflict relate to each other and how they are intertwined with the politicization of social categories such as nations, ethnic groups, and the like. It brings three traditions in political sociology and comparative political science together: relational structuralism, an institutionalism focused on questions of legitimacy, and a power-configurational approach.” He posits war springs from three different sources. First, war is more likely to break out if sections of a population are politically excluded. Second, conflict is more likely to escalate “if such political exclusion violates the principles of political legitimacy.” Third, war is more likely to break out if the rivals aim at removing the form of the regime due to the high stakes involved.
Hydrated K2SO4·2MgSO4 structure revealed by TGA/DTA and magic-angle spinning 1H-NMR spectroscopy

The hydration of K2SO4·2MgSO4 as a function of water addition was examined by pore-size distribution, thermo-gravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Thermal studies indicated that the dehydration reactions occur within three distinct temperature regimes which correspond to different degree of hydrogen bonded water or water in different pore-size environments. Solid NMR studies resolved three different proton peaks at each water loading, that represent different chemical environments around water, and also the different range of hydrogen bonding strengths. Therefore, the different chemical environments associated with pore size around water are key factors influencing the NMR spectra. Both thermal and NMR studies suggested that pore size affects the molecular interactions between water and water, and water and the substrate. Also X-ray diffraction studies identified the presence of three phases existing in the hydrated products after the hydration reaction.
High-throughput sialylation measurement using lectins on an Octet platform for clone screening

A high-throughput method to quantify sialic acids was developed on a ForteBio Octet QK384 platform to support cell-line development. The high-throughput sialylation analysis method using the ForteBio Octet (HTFBS) is based on the binding rate of Maackia amurensis lectin II (MALII) to (α-2,3)-linked sialic acids of proteins bound to Protein-A sensors. The HTFBS method can specifically quantify the sialylation levels of secreted proteins in crude cell culture samples and does not require purified samples. Using this method, thirty crude cell culture samples can be analyzed for titers and sialylation in 60 minutes. In a comparison study between the HTFBS method and HPLC method, a linear correlation was observed between the MALII binding rate obtained by using the ForteBio Octet QK384 and the total sialic acid content obtained by HPLC for samples in the sialic acid content range of 5–24 mol mol−1. The MALII binding rate was consistent for samples with titers between 6.25 and 100 μg mL−1. The HTFBS method is robust and the effect of protein concentration is negligible on the MALII binding rate for samples between 6.25 and 100 μg mL−1. The HTFBS method was successfully applied to the cell-line development platform for screening highly sialylated clones. The current HTFBS method can quantify sialylation levels in crude samples and can readily be used to accelerate cell line development for producing therapeutic proteins with desired product quality.
Neonatal Seizure Characteristics

Seizure characteristics in 32 neonates were studied prospectively using prolonged video/EEG recording at the Prince of Wales Children’s Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Performance characteristics of four new high resolution L(Y)so detectorblocks for human PET

Using standard circular photomultipliers in quadrant sharing configuration (PQS), four new high resolution L(Y)SO detector blocks for human PET applications have been developed. The detector blocks were assembled in very large arrays of 14times14, 15times15, and, 16times16 for two of them. The crystal pitch sizes were 2.74times2.74times20 mm3, 3.25times3.25times20 mm3, 2.42times2.42times20 mm3, 2.78times2.78times20 mm3 and the surface finishing was 4-mum. Mirror films patterns were placed between crystals as reflectors. The blocks were assembled using optical grease and wrapped by Teflon tape. To acquire list mode data of Ga-68 source (511 KeV) with at high voltage bias of 1100 V, these blocks were coupled to regular round PMT's of 39/51 mm and, crystal decoding maps, individual crystal energy resolutions and relative light-collection efficiencies were extracted from this data. To investigate the potential imaging resolution of the human PET scanners with these blocks, GATE (Geant4 application for tomographic emission) simulation package was used. The packing fractions of these blocks were found to be 97%, 97% and 95%-97%. From decoding maps, all 196, 225 and 256 crystals were clearly identified. The average energy resolutions were 14.3%, 15.5% and 13.1%/14.2%. The relative collection efficiencies were 0.81~1.00, 0.83~1.00 and, 0.77~1.00/0.78~1.00. From this study we can conclude that the PQS design has the potentiality to achieve high spatial resolution and excellent energy resolutions on human PET scanners with substantially lower production cost.
Electricity market price-spike classification in the smart grid

Accurate electricity market price forecasting is essential for the market participants in the present competitive deregulated electric power industry. In this research, the smart meter data is concomitantly used with the market data to improve price spike forecast. Modern data mining tools like Na&ve-Bayesian classifier, Random Forest and Artificial Neural Network algorithms have been used for price-spike forecasting. The Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) data of Victorian region has been used to train and test the price-spike forecasting methodology. The results show that the usage of smart meter data can have a significant impact on the accuracy of the price-spike forecasts.
Mitoxantrone and Etoposide with or without Intermediate-Dose Cytarabine for the Treatment of Patients with Primary Induction Failure or Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Abstract 2174 Introduction: The prognosis for patients with primary induction failure (PIF) or relapsed acute myeloid (Rel-AML) is poor. Mitoxantrone (M) plus etoposide (E)- based salvage regimens (ME), in particular, either alone or with intermediate dose cytarabine (MEC) are effective in these high risk patients; However, these regimens have not been directly compared. Heterogeneity in chemotherapy dose, dose escalation and age have been important limitations in the evaluation of previous studies. Also problematic, historically patients were classified according to FAB criteria. Since then, karyotype has been shown to be a main determinant of prognosis. The influence of karyotype on response to ME or MEC is currently unknown. Herein, we report the response to treatment with a fixed dosing schedule of ME or MEC in 66 patients treated for PIF or Rel-AML with intermediate(intermed-) or unfavorable(unfav-) risk cytogenetics. Differences in CR between ME and MEC subsets were analyzed to determine the effect of adding of C to ME. Methods: 66 consecutive patients with PIF or Rel-AML treated with either ME(n=37)or MEC(n=29) between 10/2004-12/2008 were evaluated. All patients had received initial induction therapy with daunorubicin 45–60mg/m2 IV bolus d1-3 and cytarabine 100mg/m2 CI d1-7(7+3), and consolidation with HIDAC if CR was achieved. ME and MEC were dosed according to previously published studies. The decision to use a given salvage was left to the discretion of the treating physician. Chi-Square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Table1 shows there was no difference between the ME and MEC groups with regards to age, sex, % blasts at initial diagnosis, and %CR after initial induction with 7+3, or % patients who received inter- to high dose C prior to ME or MEC. Length of CR (after 7+ 3 and consolidation) was significantly longer in the MEC group. A significantly higher number of CR9s was observed in the MEC group compared to ME(p=0.05). Within the MEC group, no difference in CR was observed between patients with intermed- and unfav-risk cytogenetics(p=0.96). The same was true within the ME group(p=0.13). When MEC was compared to ME, a significant difference in CR was observed in patients with unfav-risk cytogenetics(p=0.044) and patients Conclusion: In clinical practice, as observed in the present study, we observed a greater overall CR rate in patients who received MEC compared to those treated with ME, particularly in younger patients with unfav-risk cytogenetics. For those who achieved CR after MEC or ME, a longer duration of CR was observed in the MEC group compared to ME. These results could be particularly beneficial for those patients receiving salvage therapy as a temporizing measure prior to allogeneic hematopoetic stem cell transplant ion, and encourages confirmation from a prospective trial. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Condition-dependent reproductive tactics in male smallmouth bass: evidence of an inconsistent birthdate effect on early growth and age at first reproduction

Many animals exhibit alternative forms of reproductive behavior, the expression of which depends on individual condition or status. For instance, male smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu that are large early in life often build a nest and spawn for the first time at a young age and small body size, while males that are small early in life delay reproduction, invest in growth and spawn when they are older and larger, tactics referred to as α and β, respectively. The observation that larger males also tend to spawn earlier within a season led to a hypothesis that birthdate – more specifically, dispersal date – may control which tactic is adopted. Here, we examined the individual growth and reproductive histories of 184 male M. dolomieu of three cohorts for evidence of a birthdate effect on early life condition and the subsequent expression of tactics, namely whether a long first-year growth period tends to induce the α tactic and whether variability in the timing of reproduction by parents within a season contributes to body size differences in progeny at the end of their first-year growth period. The extent to which male condition early in life influences the expression of tactics was also evaluated. Evidence of a birthdate effect on progeny condition and subsequent tactic choice was observed for only one of the three cohorts and, in another cohort, tactic choice and individual condition were largely unrelated. The seasonal variability in birthdates and growth histories suggest that a broad range of swim-up dates may be necessary to generate differences in condition early in life that are sufficiently large to control future reproductive decisions. Potential impacts of various physical, environmental and biotic factors that may mediate the seasonal timing of reproduction by parents or individual growth early in life are discussed.
Impact of community disadvantage and air pollution burden on geographic disparities of ovarian cancer survival in California

Ovarian cancer survival varies geographically throughout California. The objective of this study is to determine the impact of living in disadvantaged communities on spatial patterns of survival disparities. Including a bivariate spatial smooth of geographic location within the Cox proportional hazard models is an effective approach for spatial analyses of cancer survival. Women diagnosed with advanced Stage IIIC/IV epithelial ovarian cancer (1996-2006) were identified from the California Cancer Registry. The impact of living in disadvantaged communities, as measured by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment cumulative CalEnviroScreen 2.0 score, on geographic disparities in survival was assessed while controlling for age, tumor characteristics, quality of care, and race. Community-level air quality indicators and socioeconomic status (SES) were also independently examined in secondary analyses. The Cox proportional hazard spatial methods are available in the MapGAM package implemented in R. An increase in the community disadvantage from the 5th (less disadvantage) to the 95th percentile (more disadvantage) was significantly associated with poorer ovarian cancer survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.26). Ozone levels and SES were the most influential indicators on geographic disparities that warrant further investigation. The use of a bivariate smoother of location within the survival model allows for more advanced spatial analyses for exploring potential air quality-related predictors of geographic disparities.
Abstract 193: Regulation of Mitochondrial KATP Channels In Pressure Overloaded Mouse Hearts

Background: ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP), existing in both sarcolemmal and mitochondrial inner membranes, are thought to serve as metabolic sensors of the cell. In pathological hypertrophy, the heart requires increased workload to pump blood to meet the body’s needs. However, roles of KATP in hypertrophy stress signaling are not fully understood. Methods & Results: We aimed at investigating regulation of SUR2, the regulatory subunit of KATP, via a systems biology approach. We hypothesized that mitochondrial KATP mediates the protective response in hypertrophied hearts. A pressure-overload model by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was employed to induce hypertrophy in SUR2 knockout (SUR2KO) males. These mice had enlarged left ventricles at baseline and developed further hypertrophy post TAC. Hypertrophied KO hearts exhibited significantly higher mortality, cardiac dysfunction, reduced mitochondrial DNA content and elevated ROS formation, which were associated with the altered SUR2 (mitoSUR2) variant expression. Among the mitoSUR2 variants, a 55-kDa mitoSUR2A variant was significantly up-regulated 4-fold in both TAC and SHAM treated KO hearts. We then analyzed whether the mitoSUR2 variants were associated with a key ROS regulator ShcP66 variant, ShcP52, using quantitative BRET assays. Our data showed that ShcP52 could directly bind to the mitoSUR2 variants. Our data indicates that these mitoSUR2 variants are involved in mediating ROS signaling. Comparative proteomic profiling and subsequent canonical pathway enrichment analyses revealed that mitochondrial function was the top affected system among the 41 identified pathways in SUR2KO hearts. Semi-quantitative comparisons between KO and WT data showed that the ETC activity was severely disturbed in SUR2KO-TAC mitochondria. Further data mining identified compromised cardiac parameters, affected molecular functions and possible diseases in hypertrophied SUR2KO hearts. Conclusions: Our novel findings reveal that altered mitochondrial SUR2-based KATP activities likely contribute to the hypertrophic phenotype and abnormal mitochondrial function in SUR2KO hearts, suggesting that these channels play an essential role in mitochondrial remodeling and energy sensing.
Clinically silent Alzheimer's and vascular pathologies influence brain networks supporting executive function in healthy older adults

Aging is associated with declines in executive function. We examined how executive functional brain systems are influenced by clinically silent Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and cerebral white-matter hyperintensities (WMHs). Twenty-nine younger adults and 34 cognitively normal older adults completed a working memory paradigm while functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed. Older adults further underwent lumbar cerebrospinal fluid draw for the assessment of AD pathology and FLAIR imaging for the assessment of WMHs. Accurate working memory performance in both age groups was associated with high fronto-visual functional connectivity (fC). However, in older adults, higher expression of fronto-visual fC was linked with lower levels of clinically silent AD pathology. In addition, AD pathology and WMHs were each independently related to increased functional magnetic resonance imaging response in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, a pattern associated with slower task performance. Our results suggest that clinically silent AD pathology is related to lower expression of a fronto-visual fC pattern supporting executive task performance. Further, our findings suggest that AD pathology and WMHs appear to be linked with ineffective increases in frontal response in CN older adults.
Formas de la Memoria (Narrativa Colombiana Contemporánea)

Este articulo revisa cinco obras narrativas colombianas publicadas entre 2004 y el 2007, y encuentra en la memoria un fuerte eje tematico y un reto formal. ?Como sirve la ficcion literaria en la reconstruccion del pasado colectivo? ?Como se conectan la vida privada y la vida publica en el ejercicio de rehacer la biografia propia o ajena? ?Como se actualizan las indagaciones literarias sobre la memoria y la reconstruccion (auto) biografica en la narrativa colombiana contemporanea? Estas preguntas orientan la discusion acerca de obras que son completamente diferentes en cuanto al tipo de narrador, al contexto historico y al pacto ficcional que proponen.
Nonparametric learning for Hidden Markov Models with preferential attachment dynamics

We address the learning problem for infinite state Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) with preferential attachment dynamics. Preferential attachment describes a “rich get richer” process causing the HMM self transition probabilities to be proportional to the number of previous self transitions. Furthermore, the length of stay of the process in a particular state follows the Yule-Simon distribution. In describing the generative model of the hidden state processes, we use non-parametric models. We also establish the relationship of the proposed model with the Polya urn scheme and the Chinese restaurant process. The class of HMMs from this paper are applicable to data sets where the time spent in each state follows a power law. Our objective is to estimate the state sequence and the model parameters of the HMM. To that end, we propose a Gibbs sampling procedure. We evaluate the proposed procedure through computer simulations.
Needed Curriculum Revision in the Field of Health Education

(1940). Needed Curriculum Revision in the Field of Health Education. The Journal of Health and Physical Education: Vol. 11, No. 9, pp. 532-574.
Overutilization of Cross-Sectional Imaging in the Lower Extremity Trauma Setting.

Objective In an era of managed care and cost savings, we are faced with the question of whether another test is necessary to confirm our clinical suspicion. We hypothesized that a few computed tomography angiographies (CTAs) are necessary to identify lower extremity vascular injuries (LEVIs). We reviewed our trauma center's experience in the management of LEVI. Methods A retrospective review of all trauma patients between 2012 and 2016 was performed. Four-thousand nine-hundred fourteen trauma patients were evaluated with 46 suspected LEVIs (either with cross-sectional imaging and/or operative exploration). Our primary end point was the utility of CTA in the setting of LEVI. Receiver operating characteristic curves were performed to evaluate sensitivity and specificity for hard signs and CTA identification of LEVI. Results Out of the initial 46 patients with suspected LEVI, 41 (89%) had a CTA as part of their initial evaluation. Sixteen patients (35%) with LEVI were due to penetrating injuries. Seventeen patients (41%) had a CTA with LEVI. Fourteen of the 17 patients (82%) with injury on CTA also had hard signs of LEVI. Twenty-two patients (48%) underwent operative exploration: three had no LEVI that was previously believed to be on CTA; operative exploration identified two missed injuries not observed on CTA. Seven of forty-one (17%) CTA studies provided a false assumption of the presence/absence of LEVI. One patient (2%) underwent operative exploration and was found to have LEVI in the absence of hard signs, but with a CTA identifying LEVI. Conclusion The recognition of hard signs through physical examination is paramount to assessing need for operative intervention with suspicion of LEVI. CTA should be reserved as an adjunct for identification of LEVI in patients with high clinical suspicion and absence of hard signs, rather than utilizing CTA as an initial screening tool for the identification of LEVI.
The Effects of CellF-Monitoring on Students’ Academic Engagement: A Technology-Based Self-Monitoring Intervention:

Students who are not academically engaged spend less time mastering material, are less likely to be successful in school, and are more likely to be disruptive. The purpose of the current brief repo...
Estimates of groundwater discharge to a coastal wetland using multiple techniques: Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park, USA

Quantifying water exchange between a coastal wetland and the underlying groundwater is important for closing water, energy and chemical budgets. The coastal wetlandsoftheFlorida Everglades(USA)areattheforefront of a large hydrologic restoration project, and understanding of groundwater/surface-water interactions is needed to comprehend the effects of the project. Four independent techniques were used to identify water exchange at varying spatial and temporal scales in Taylor Slough, Everglades NationalPark.Thetechniquesincludedawater-budgetstudy and measurements of hydraulic head gradients, geochemical tracers, and temperature. During the 18-month study, the four methods converged as to the timing of groundwater discharge, typically between June and September, contem- poraneous with the wet season and increasing surface-water levels. These results were unexpected, as groundwater discharge was predicted to be greatest when surface-water levels were low, typically during the dry season. Either a time lag of 1-5months in the response of groundwater discharge to low surface-water levels or precipitation- induced groundwater discharge may explain the results. Groundwater discharge was a significant contributor (27%) to the surface water in Taylor Slough with greater rates of
The Dark Side of Deeply Meaningful Work: Work-Relationship Turmoil and the Moderating Role of Occupational Value Homophily

How are close personal relationships experienced by people in deeply meaningful work? Drawing upon in‐depth interview data with 82 international aid workers, I offer three distinct contributions. First, I find that people who experience their work as deeply meaningful have high work devotion. I identify boundary inhibition as a mechanism to explain why they participate more willingly in overwork and erratic work, despite giving rise to time‐ and trust‐based conflict in their relationships. Second, I find that people with high work devotion often also experience emotional distance in their personal relationships when their close others don’t value their work – a context I call occupational value heterophily. This disconnection‐based conflict compounds the time‐ and trust‐based conflict and engenders an emotionally agonizing situation, which I call work‐relationship turmoil. Third, when close others do value their partner’s work – a context I call occupational value homophily – it fosters an emotional connection and offers an avenue for work‐relationship enrichment. These findings draw upon deeply meaningful work to detail the multi‐faceted work‐relationship experience among those with high work devotion.
Biracial American Colorism: Passing for White:

Biracial Americans constitute a larger portion of the U.S. population than is often acknowledged. According to the U.S. Census, 8.4 million people or 2.6% of the population identified with two or m...
Duplicon cache: mitigating off-chip memory bank and bank group conflicts via data duplication

Bank and bank group conflicts are major performance bottlenecks for memory intensive workloads. Idealized experiments show removing bank and bank group conflicts collectively can improve performance by up to 37.5% and by 22.5% on average for our mix of multi-programmed memory intensive workloads. We propose the Duplicon Cache to mitigate bank and bank group conflict penalties by duplicating select lines of data to an alternative bank group, giving the memory controller the freedom to source the data from the bank group which avoids conflicts. The Duplicon Cache is entirely implemented in the memory controller and does not require changes to commodity memory. We identify and address the main challenges associated with duplication: 1) tracking duplicated data efficiently, 2) identifying which data to duplicate, and 3) replacing stale duplicated data while protecting useful ones. Our evaluations show the Duplicon Cache configured with 128MB of storage (out of 16GB of main memory) improves performance by 8.3% while reducing energy by 5.6%.
Probable Donor-Derived Human Adenovirus Type 34 Infection in 2 Kidney Transplant Recipients From the Same Donor

Human adenovirus type 34 (HAdV-34) infection is a recognized cause of transplant-associated hemorrhagic cystitis and, in rare cases, tubulointerstitial nephritis. The source of such infections is often difficult to assess, that is, whether acquired as a primary infection, exposure to a pathogen in the transplanted organ, or reactivation of an endogenous latent infection. We present here 2 cases of likely transplant-acquired HAdV-34 infection from the same organ donor, manifesting as tubulointerstitial nephritis in 1.
Magnocellular and parvocellular pathway contributions to facial threat cue processing

Human faces evolved to signal emotions, with their meaning contextualized by eye gaze. For instance, a fearful expression paired with averted gaze clearly signals both presence of threat and its probable location. Conversely, direct gaze paired with facial fear leaves the source of the fear-evoking threat ambiguous. Given that visual perception occurs in parallel streams with different processing emphases, our goal was to test a recently developed hypothesis that clear and ambiguous threat cues would differentially engage the magnocellular (M) and parvocellular (P) pathways, respectively. We employed two-tone face images to characterize the neurodynamics evoked by stimuli that were biased toward M or P pathways. Human observers (N = 57) had to identify the expression of fearful or neutral faces with direct or averted gaze while their magnetoencephalogram was recorded. Phase locking between the amygdaloid complex, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and fusiform gyrus increased early (0-300 ms) for M-biased clear threat cues (averted-gaze fear) in the β-band (13-30 Hz) while P-biased ambiguous threat cues (direct-gaze fear) evoked increased θ (4-8 Hz) phase locking in connections with OFC of the right hemisphere. We show that M and P pathways are relatively more sensitive toward clear and ambiguous threat processing, respectively, and characterize the neurodynamics underlying emotional face processing in the M and P pathways.
Pharmacotherapy Approaches in Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) comprise a heterogeneous group of organisms, with only a small subset known to cause disease in humans. Although NTM infection is not a reportable disease, both the increasing clinical recognition and recent advancements in laboratory diagnostic capabilities of NTM infections in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients are rapidly evolving. We reviewed antimicrobial agents used to treat the most frequently encountered NTM infections and examined optimized drug dosing strategies, toxicity profiles, drug-drug interactions, and the role of therapeutic drug monitoring. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and patient monitoring on therapy were also examined. We used PubMed to review the published literature on the management of select NTM pathogens, the common syndromes encountered since 2000, and select pharmacokinetic principles of select antimicrobial agents used since 1990. We included select clinical trials, systematic reviews, published guidelines, and observational studies when applicable. The prolonged duration and the necessity for combination therapy for most forms of NTM disease can be problematic for many patients. A multidisciplinary care team that includes pharmacy engagement may help increase rates of optimal patient tolerability and successful treatment completion.
Effect of temperature on the rheology of concentrated fiber suspensions

The effect of temperature on the apparent rheological properties of concentrated synthetic fiber suspensions was investigated experimentally. Aqueous suspensions of viscose rayon, acrylic, and nylon 6,6 fibers of various fiber concentrations, sizes, and shapes were used. At a fixed shear rate, the apparent viscosity of all the suspensions decreased reversibly with increasing temperature. The steady-state flow behavior is well described by the Bingham fluid model where the yield stress is a decreasing function of temperature and follows an Arrhenius dependence with an activation energy in the range of 2–80 kJ/mol, which is the same order of magnitude as that reported for 20 wt. % fibrous biomass suspensions below 55 °C. The fiber suspensions exhibited a negative plastic viscosity at low temperatures, and as the temperature was increased, the plastic viscosity became less negative. This temperature-dependent rheological behavior is qualitatively similar to that observed for concentrated fibrous biomass suspensions. The fiber suspensions formed heterogeneous networks where the state of aggregation depended on the experimental conditions and thus affected the macroscopic rheology.
Hypergammaglobulinemia and Impaired Transplacental Transfer of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Antibody in Papua New Guinea.

Background:Passively-acquired respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) neutralizing antibody (Ab) can protect against RSV-associated lower respiratory tract illness. Maternal RSV immunization is, therefore, an attractive strategy for protection of very young infants. Vaccines for this purpose are currently
Structure, Dynamics, and Reactivity for Light Alkane Oxidation of Fe(II) Sites Situated in the Nodes of a Metal-Organic Framework.

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs), with their crystalline, porous structures, can be synthesized to incorporate a wide range of catalytically active metals in tailored surroundings. These materials h...
Multi-center epidemiological survey of preoperative anemia and intervention status of some major pediatric surgical diseases

Objective To explore the incidence of preoperative anemia and intervention status of some major pediatric surgical diseases in some domestic areas so as to provide scientific rationales for perioperative blood management in children.Methods The hospitalized patients with non-cyanotic congenital heart disease,Hirschsprug's diseaseor choledochal cyst from May 2012 to March 2014 at all study units were surveyed retrospectively by a standard questionnaire.The preoperative hemoglobin (Hb) of routine blood test report closest to the operation day was collected.Anemia was diagnosed as having a level of Hb under 120 g/L.The intervention measures of anemia referred to blood transfusion or supplemental erythropoietin (rHuEPO),iron and vitamins,etc.Results A total of 874 patients at six hospitals in Beijing,Shanghai,Hangzhou,Xi'an,Shenzhen and Chengdu were surveyed.Among congenital heart disease group (n =458),there were 282 boys and 176 girls with a mean age of 28.58 ±29.79 months.The total incidence rate of anemia was 60.3％ (276/458),mild anemia 58.1％ (266/458) and moderate anemia 2.2％ (10/458).The incidence of anemia for children from welfare homes or less than 1 year of age or/and with pulmonary hypertension was significantly higher than that of total incidence rate (P =0.008,P＜0.001-,P＜0.001) ; Among general surgery disease group (n =416),there were 204 boys and 212 girls with an average age of 28.60 ± 32.30 months.The total incidence rate of anemia was 79.6％ (331/416),mild anemia 71.4％ (297/416) and moderate anemia 8.2％ (34/416).The incidence of preoperative anemia differed in each area,ranging from 50％ to 100％.The ratio of direct operation without any intervention measure for preoperative anemia reached over 89.1％.Except for preoperative use of rHuEPO at one hospital,few other interventions were adopted.Conclusions In some domestic areas,the incidence of preoperative anemia is relatively high for some major pediatric surgical diseases.The status of non-intervention for preoperative anemia is quite common.This phenomenon should raise a high alert. Key words: Anemia; Epidemiology; Heart disease, Congenital; Hirschsprung disease; Choledochal cyst
Trends in Epidemiology and Microbiology of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock in Children

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To explore the microbiologic etiology and trends in incidence and survival of nonneonatal pediatric sepsis in the United States by using the 2006, 2009, and 2012 Kids’ Inpatient Database. METHODS: Children with sepsis were identified by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes for severe sepsis and septic shock (ICD-9-CM cohort) and by the modified Angus method, which incorporates ICD-9-CM codes for infection and organ dysfunction (Angus cohort). Temporal trends in incidence and microbiologic etiology were evaluated. RESULTS: Among 8 830 057 discharges, 26 470 patients in the ICD-9-CM cohort were diagnosed with severe sepsis and septic shock (29.97 per 10 000 discharges) and 89 505 patients in the Angus cohort (101.34 per 10 000 discharges). The incidence of sepsis increased in both cohorts from 2006 to 2012 (P CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of sepsis has increased, and the sepsis case-fatality rate has decreased, without a decrease in the overall sepsis-associated mortality rate among hospitalized children. Also, bacterial and fungal organisms associated with the pediatric sepsis have changed over these years. These findings are important for focusing the allocation of health care resources and guiding the direction of future studies.
Can Bayesianism Solve Frege’s Puzzle?

Chalmers (Mind, 125, 499–510, 2016), responding to Braun (Mind, 125, 469–497, 2016), continues arguments from Chalmers (Mind, 120, 587–636, 2011a) for the conclusion that Bayesian considerations favor the Fregean in the debate over the objects of belief in Frege’s puzzle. This short paper gets to the heart of the disagreement over whether Bayesian considerations can tell us anything about Frege’s puzzle and answers, no, they cannot.
Fact-Finding and Bargaining

This paper studies the Rubinstein bargaining game with frequent offers, in which both agents have reservation values. Agents are uncertain whether their opponents have high or low reservation values. As agents try to best each other, a unique distribution of delay emerges similar to the reputation literature. This paper answers the following question - Does ex-ante fact-finding improve efficiency? I show that if fact-finding is almost fully accurate, the outcome is fully efficient. However, if fact-finding is only a little accurate, generically, it adversely affects efficiency. I consider a mediator who could marginally improve the accuracy of fact-finding. I characterize a bargaining environment with simple binary signals, in which the mediator could help improve efficiency by finding facts.
Designing a covariance matrix tapered beamformer that is universal over notch width

Universal adaptive beamformers (UABFs) combine classic adaptive beamformers with ensemble methods from machine learning to design new beamformers whose asymptotic performance rivals the performance of the best beamformer in a set. The UABF array weights blend a weighted average of the competing beamformer array weights based on past performance using the softmax function. This model averaging approach avoids a difficult model selection problem by hedging performance across a family of models rather than committing to a single model. This talk presents a UABF which blends covariance matrix tapers (CMT). The CMT technique creates broader notches in beampatterns for environments with moving interferers. Interferers moving with high bearing rates cross resolution cells faster and violate the stationarity solution of the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamformer. The performance of the CMT depends on the chosen notch width. The UABF adapts to find the blend of CMT notch widths that best balances the interferer output power with white noise gain. We present simulation results illustrating the benefits of the UABF approach for CMT in the presence of moving interferers. [Work supported by ONR 321US.]
Exploring the effects of connected and automated vehicles at fixed and actuated signalized intersections with different market penetration rates

To investigate the effects of different market penetration rates (MPRs) of intelligent vehicles – Intelligent Driving Model (IDM) for autonomous vehicles (AVs), Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) for AV...
Texting as an Advising Communication Tool: A Case Study of Receptivity and Resistance:

Texting has been identified as a tool that has the potential to enhance informational exchanges between academic advisors and students. We use focus group and survey data from a recent texting inte...
Community poverty level influences time to first pediatric rheumatology appointment in Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

The impact of social determinants of health on children with polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (pJIA) is poorly understood. Prompt initiation of treatment for pJIA is important to prevent disease morbidity; however, a potential barrier to early treatment of pJIAs is delayed presentation to a pediatric rheumatologist. We examined the impact of community poverty level, a key social determinant of health, on time from patient reported symptom onset to first pediatric rheumatology visit among pJIA patients enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry. This is a cohort study of pJIA patients in the CARRA registry who lived in the United States from July 2015–February 2020. The primary exposure was community poverty level derived by geocoding patient addresses. The primary outcome was time to first rheumatology appointment. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to analyze time to first rheumatologist visit, stratified by community poverty and family income. Log-rank tests were used to identify differences between groups. Adjusted cox proportional-hazards models were used to determine the relationship between community poverty level and time from onset of disease symptoms to date first seen by rheumatologist. A total of 1684 patients with pJIA meeting study inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified. Median age of onset of pJIA was 7 years (IQR 3, 11), 79% were female, 17.6% identified as minority race and/or ethnicity, and 19% were from communities with ≥20% community poverty level. Kaplan-Meier analysis by community poverty level (< 20% vs ≥20%) yielded no significant differences with time to initial presentation to a pediatric rheumatologist (p = 0.6). The Cox proportional hazards model showed that patients with ≥20% community poverty level were 19% less likely (adjusted HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.67–0.99, p = 0.038) to be seen by a rheumatologist compared to patients with < 20% community poverty level, at the same time point, after adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, insurance, education level, morning stiffness, RF status, and baseline CHAQ. In this study of pJIA patients in the CARRA registry, increased community poverty level is associated with longer time to presentation to a pediatric rheumatologist after symptom onset.
Missing-Data Nonparametric Coherency Estimation

Chave recently proposed an estimator for multitaper spectral density where the time series contains missing values. In this article we generalize this technique to a multitaper estimator of coherence and phase and show that one can also obtain bootstrapped confidence intervals. We give two examples. The first is a toy example in which the true coherence is known. In the second example we show that the multitaper missing-data coherence estimator computed on real data with a single gap comprising 11% of the data outperforms the Daniell-smoothed coherence estimator where there are no gaps. The case where the two time series have different missing indices is also discussed.
Exploring the introductory physics classroom through the lens of intellectual humility: Handling what you do not know

Fostering classroom environments in which students are willing to position themselves as not knowing increases opportunities for productive and authentic scientific work.