cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
GPU-Based Interactive Cut-Surface Extraction From High-Order Finite Element Fields

We present a GPU-based ray-tracing system for the accurate and interactive visualization of cut-surfaces through 3D simulations of physical processes created from spectral/hp high-order finite element methods. When used by the numerical analyst to debug the solver, the ability for the imagery to precisely reflect the data is critical. In practice, the investigator interactively selects from a palette of visualization tools to construct a scene that can answer a query of the data. This is effective as long as the implicit contract of image quality between the individual and the visualization system is upheld. OpenGL rendering of scientific visualizations has worked remarkably well for exploratory visualization for most solver results. This is due to the consistency between the use of first-order representations in the simulation and the linear assumptions inherent in OpenGL (planar fragments and color-space interpolation). Unfortunately, the contract is broken when the solver discretization is of higher-order. There have been attempts to mitigate this through the use of spatial adaptation and/or texture mapping. These methods do a better job of approximating what the imagery should be but are not exact and tend to be view-dependent. This paper introduces new rendering mechanisms that specifically deal with the kinds of native data generated by high-order finite element solvers. The exploratory visualization tools are reassessed and cast in this system with the focus on image accuracy. This is accomplished in a GPU setting to ensure interactivity.
Nsf1/Ypl230w participates in transcriptional activation during non-fermentative growth and in response to salt stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, fermentable carbon sources such as glucose and fructose are preferred and elicit glucose repression of genes needed to metabolize non-fermentable carbon sources such as glycerol, ethanol and acetate. Different sets of transcription factors are needed to adjust to specific carbon conditions. For example, Mig1 and Mig2 repress the transcription of gluconeogenic and respiratory genes in the presence of abundant glucose, while the transcriptional activation of these genes depends on transcription factors such as Adr1 and Cat8. Here we show that Ypl230w, which we renamed to Nsf1 (nutrient and stress factor 1), is expressed and localizes to the nucleus under non-fermentable carbon conditions to activate gene transcription. Specifically, the transcriptional activation of ACS1, CIT2 and IDH1 is shown to be partially dependent on intact NSF1. Similarly, the transcriptional activation of ENA1 is impaired in the nsf1Δ mutant in response to high concentrations of NaCl, implying that NSF1 is also needed for the yeast response to sodium stress. The carbon- and NaCl-mediated transcriptional activation of ENA1 is dependent on Nsf1. This finding implies that the yeast response to non-fermentable carbon and salt stress is at least partially dependent on NSF1.
Herpetofaunal Drift-fence Surveys of Steephead Ravines in the Florida Panhandle

Herpetofauna of steephead ravines in the Blackwater and Yellow River drainages, Okaloosa or Santa Rosa County, FL, were surveyed using funnel traps along drift fences. Nineteen amphibian and 24 reptile species in seven steephead ravine sites were documented during 165 days of trapping. Amphibian or reptile species composition was most similar between steephead ravines in the Blackwater and northern Yellow River systems, which were in close proximity. Ravines in the northern Yellow River system, however, were unique in apparently lacking Dusky Salamanders (Desmognathus sp.). Herpetofaunal species composition among ravines was somewhat similar to that found in ravines farther east in the Apalachicola and Ochlockonee River drainages, but 12 species were trapped only in Ochlockonee- Apalachicola ravines and 13 species only in Blackwater-Yellow ravines. The first month of trapping experienced heavy rainfall from Hurricane Georges and produced 76% of all captures of Pseudotriton ruber (Red Salamanders) and three aquatic salamander species. Amphibian captures, particularly salamanders, were correlated positively with precipitation. The most productive trapping months were April, June, and August for anurans; February and October for salamanders; and April and June for reptiles. Mean recapture rates were 8.6% for anurans, 6.8% for salamanders, 52.2% for turtles, 17.3% for lizards, and 9.8% for snakes. Data were collected on some little-known species: Rana okaloosae (Florida Bog Frog), Amphiuma pholeter (One-toed Amphiuma), and Siren cf. intermedia ("Least" Siren). Potential threats to ravine herpetofauna are logging, water pollution, groundwater use, stream siltation from dirt roads and cleared lands, stream impoundment, recreational use, trash dumping, Sus scrofa (feral hogs), and management of adjacent upland habitat.
Mapping of Mechanical Strains and Stresses around Quiescent Engineered Three-Dimensional Epithelial Tissues

Understanding how physical signals guide biological processes requires qualitative and quantitative knowledge of the mechanical forces generated and sensed by cells in a physiologically realistic three-dimensional (3D) context. Here, we used computational modeling and engineered epithelial tissues of precise geometry to define the experimental parameters that are required to measure directly the mechanical stress profile of 3D tissues embedded within native type I collagen. We found that to calculate the stresses accurately in these settings, we had to account for mechanical heterogeneities within the matrix, which we visualized and quantified using confocal reflectance and atomic force microscopy. Using this technique, we were able to obtain traction forces at the epithelium-matrix interface, and to resolve and quantify patterns of mechanical stress throughout the surrounding matrix. We discovered that whereas single cells generate tension by contracting and pulling on the matrix, the contraction of multicellular tissues can also push against the matrix, causing emergent compression. Furthermore, tissue geometry defines the spatial distribution of mechanical stress across the epithelium, which communicates mechanically over distances spanning hundreds of micrometers. Spatially resolved mechanical maps can provide insight into the types and magnitudes of physical parameters that are sensed and interpreted by multicellular tissues during normal and pathological processes.
Mechanical Spectral Hole Burning in polymer solutions

Mechanical Spectral Hole Burning (MSHB) was previously developed to investigate dynamic heterogeneity for polymeric materials, which exhibit relatively weak dielectric responses. In our previous work, MSHB was applied to a densely entangled block copolymer and successfully distinguishes the heterogeneous from the homogeneous states. Here, a series of polystyrene (PS) solutions was chosen to fur- ther investigate the effect of different types of heterogeneity on mechanical spectral hole burning. The three types of heterogeneity of interest include the entanglement spacing, the entanglement density (or number of entanglements per chain), and chain end density. The heterogeneity was varied by changing either solution concen- tration or molecular weight of the PS. Different types of dynamics from close to the Rouse regime into the terminal region were also examined. Our results are consist- ent with a heterogeneous dynamics over the time scales from close to Rouse regime into the rubbery plateau regime and the rubbery plateau-to-terminal flow transition regime. Terminal relaxation dynamics, on the other hand, were found to be homoge- neous for the PS/diethyl phthalate solutions investigated. The results also indicate the hole properties are dominated by the type of dynamics rather than the length scale of heterogeneity. V C 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 47: 2047-2062, 2009
Distinct signal transduction pathways are utilized during the tube formation and survival phases of in vitro angiogenesis

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, occurs during development, wound healing and cancer and involves stages that orchestrate a network of cooperative interactions. Peptide growth factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) components are two major groups of angiogenesis mediators. Among the different ECM proteins, collagens have been well-associated with in vivo angiogenesis. Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) grown in 3-D collagen gels we show that: (1) HUVEC do not survive well in 3-D collagen gels due to rapid induction of apoptosis. (2) VEGF, a potent in vivo angiogenic factor, fails to induce tube formation. (3) PMA was effective in inducing tube formation and survival in HUVEC dispersed in 3-D collagen gels, activating MAP kinase, phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase (PI-3-kinase) and Akt/PKB (protein kinase B) pathways. (4) VEGF was effective in preventing PMA-induced tube-like structure regression after PMA-withdrawal by (5) activating the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), rather than the Akt/PKB, signaling pathway.
Improved high-throughput bioassay for Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

As we gain more information through functional genomic studies of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), we need a high-throughput bioassay system to screen potential biopesticides. Rhyzopertha dominica is an internal feeder during immature stages and presents unique challenges with traditional bioassay methods. Our primary goal was to develop a fast method to evaluate larval development on small amounts of material incorporated homogenously in an artificial diet. Herein we describe a new method that incorporates an artificial diet composed of egg yolk, brewer’s yeast, and amylopectin for evaluating the effect of potential biopesticides on the development of R. dominica larvae. Evaluation is accomplished through visual inspection of digital X-ray images, or weighing containers of infested larvae on diet treatments. We demonstrate the method with aprotinin and Bacillus thuringiensis Cry3Aa protoxin, test materials that retard the development of R. dominica larvae. Different bioassay containers were evaluated, including a single larva assay with pipette tips or 8-strip tubes, or a group bioassay in black 16-well trays. In addition to improvements in time and manual manipulations, larvae can now be obtained for biochemical studies by gently washing away the diet. Discrimination of the effect of test materials by weighing the infested containers at specific timepoints was the most simplified approach to rapidly screen test compounds. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Disparate responses of above- and belowground properties to soil disturbance by an invasive mammal

Introduced mammalian herbivores can negatively affect ecosystem structure and function if they introduce a novel disturbance to an ecosystem. For example, belowground foraging herbivores that bioturbate the soil, may alter process rates and community composition in ecosystems that lack native belowground mammalian foragers. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) disturb the soil system and plant community via their rooting behavior in their native range. Given their size and the numbers in their populations, this disturbance can be significant in forested ecosystems. Recently, wild boar were introduced to Patagonian forests lacking native mammalian herbivores that forage belowground. To explore how introduced wild boar might alter forested ecosystems, we conducted a large-scale wild boar exclusion experiment in three different forest types (Austroducedrus chilensis forest, Nothofagus dombeyi forest, and shrublands). Wild boar presence altered plant composition and structure, reducing plant biomass 3.8-fold and decreasing both grass and herb cover relative to areas where wild boar were excluded. Decomposition rates and soil compaction also declined by 5% in areas where boar had access; however, rooting had no effect on soil nutrient stocks and cycling. Interestingly, there were no differences in wild boar impacts on different forest types. We found that after 3-years of exclusion, belowground foraging by wild boar had a larger impact on plant community structure and biomass than it did on soil nutrient processes.
Radiographic study of severe Influenza-A (H1N1) disease in children.

Abstract Objective To characterize the radiographic findings of pediatric patients with severe Influenza-A (H1N1) disease. Methods A retrospective study of data from chest X-ray, CT and MRI exam of 29 pediatric patients treated in intensive care unit for severe Influenza-A (H1N1) disease. Results Disease developed quickly at early stage. Here are four types of radiographic findings. The disease continued to progress for 2–3 days and X-ray showed that all 29 patients had increased solid lesions with the existence of interstitial lesions. Four days later, all lung lesions showed absorption to certain degree. Fifteen days later, X-ray and CT showed complete or significant absorption in 19 cases (85.5%); delayed recovery was identified in 8 cases (27.6%), pulmonary fibrosis was found in 3 cases (10.3%), and 3 patients (10.3%) died. But the latter identified more lesions. Cranial CT and MRI were performed for 8 patients who had neurological symptoms. Of them, 3 cases (10.3%) were abnormal, showed symmetrical long T1 and T2 signal shadow in bilateral thalamus and longer T1 and T2 signals in the between. 3 cases had autopsy completed. Conclusion The severe Influenza-A (H1N1) among children progression was generally rapid in the first 3 days. The overall radiographic findings are similar to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A small portion of the patients occurred acute necrotizing encephalopathy and plastic bronchitis.
Design rationale: Researching under uncertainty

Rationale research in software development is a challenging area because although there is no shortage of advocates for its value, there is also no shortage of reasons for why rationale is unlikely to be captured in practice. Despite more than 30 years of research there still remains much uncertainty: how useful are the potential benefits and how insurmountable are the barriers? Will the value of the rationale (design and otherwise) justify the cost of collecting it? Although there have been numerous rationale research projects, many, if not most, received little or no empirical evaluation. There also have not been many studies examining what the needs are of the practitioners who would be supported by the rationale. This article discusses the “doom and gloom” predictions of rationale's failure, provides a survey of evaluations of rationale systems, and discusses what we hope is a brighter outlook for rationale research in the future. There are development standards and synergistic research areas that may help with rationale research and its acceptance in the software community with which we should be working. This article also presents the results of a pilot survey of software developers who were asked how they would envision using rationale and what they believe the most important barriers are. Although some results were as expected, there were also some surprises. Research on technology transfer indicates that, among other things, to transition successfully from research into practice we need to understand the need that is being met and demonstrate the value of our approach. Until we have determined how our work is needed by the people we are trying to help we will remain researching under uncertainty.
Quantenmechanik, Beobachtung und Deutung

The doctrine of wave-particle duality and complementarity has been regarded since the late 1920’s as the only possible interpretation of observations such as electron diffraction through crystals and screens with two slits as well as other coherence phenomena. Physicists have been unaware that those apparent wave features can be accounted for, without supernatural dual manifestations made palatable by semi-philosophical ‘renunciation’, by the unitary quantum mechanics of matter particles alone if one only is consistent enough to admit that there are three (rather than only two) conservation laws of mechanics, hence there are three (rather than two) corresponding selection rules, for E, pφ and also for the linear momentum p, restricting the mechanical activity of time-, angular-periodic, and also of space-periodic systems. This clears up the mystery of dualism in a physical manner without philosophical subtleties and leads to a great simplification of the quantum ideology.
Red shifts and blue shifts of spectral lines emitted by two correlated sources.

It has recently been shown theoretically that correlations between fluctuations of the source distribution at different source points can produce red shifts or blue shifts of emitted spectral lines. To facilitate experimental demonstration of this effect a simple example is analyzed. It involves only two small appropriately correlated sources and brings out the essential physical features of this new phenomenon.
Origin of relativistic effects in the reaction D(e, e{prime}p)n at GeV energies

In a series of recent publications, a new approach to the nonrelativistic reduction of the electromagnetic current operator in calculations of electronuclear reactions has been introduced, which can be applied to any target nucleus. In the work by Jeschonnek and Donnelly [Phys. Rev. C 57, 2438 (1998)], the conjecture that at energies of a few GeV, the bulk of the relativistic effects comes from the current and not from the nuclear dynamics was made, based on the large relativistic effects in the transverse-longitudinal response. Here, we explicitly compare a manifestly covariant calculation performed with the Gross equation, with a calculation that uses a nonrelativistic wave function and the current operator discussed by Jeschonnek and Donnelly. We find very good agreement up to missing momenta of 400 MeV/c, thus confirming the previous conjecture. We discuss slight deviations in cross sections for higher missing momenta and their possible origin, namely P-wave contributions and off-shell effects.
Acquired disorders of the thyroid following treatment for head and neck cancer.

The multimodality management of head and neck cancer routinely utilizes radiation therapy in treatment. The hypothalamus, pituitary and thyroid gland may be included within treatment fields. The incidence of human papilloma virus-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma has seen a dramatic increase over the last 3 decades. Current guidelines for the long-term aftercare assessment advocate only for thyroid-stimulating hormone levels every 6–12 months after baseline posttreatment imaging. With a growing population of younger patients with a favorable prognosis exposed to therapeutic radiation therapy, it is anticipated that incidence of thyroid-associated complications, such as hypothyroidism and thyroid cancer, could increase significantly over time. Constructing a strategy for the long-term reassessment of these patients beyond existing guidelines may be necessary.
Clinical implementation of MR-guided vaginal cylinder brachytherapy

We present an institutional experience on the clinical implementation of magnetic resonance (MR)-guided vaginal brachytherapy using commercially available solid applicator models. To test the fidelity of solid applicator models to digitize vaginal cylinder applicators, three datasets were evaluated. The first included 15 patients who were simulated with CT alone. Next, a water phantom was used to evaluate vaginal cylinders ranging from 20 to 35 mm in diameter with CT and MR. Finally, three patients undergoing HDR brachytherapy with vaginal cylinders that were simulated with both CT and MR were evaluated. In these assessments, the solid applicator models were aligned based on the outline of the applicators on the corresponding volumetric image, and deviations between the central source positions defined based on X-ray markers (on CT) and solid applicator models (on CT and MR), and the percent dose difference between select reference points were calculated. The mean central source deviation defined based on X-ray markers (on CT) and solid applicator models (on CT and MR) for the 15-patient cohort, the phantom, and the 3-patient cohort is 0.6 mm, 0.6 mm, and 1.2 mm, respectively. The average absolute percent dose difference for the bladder, rectum, prescription, and inferior reference points were 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.2%, and 2.4%, respectively, for the 15 patient cohort. For the phantom study, the average, absolute percent dose difference for the prescription and inferior reference points are 2.0% and 2.1% for the CT, 2.3% and 2.2% for the T1W, and 2.8% and 3.0% for the T2W images. For the three patient cohort, the average absolute percent dose difference for the bladder, rectum, prescription, and inferior reference points are 2.9%, 2.6%, 3.0%, and 4.2% for the CT, 6.5%, 1.6%, 2.5%, and 4.7% for the T1W, and 6.0%, 7.4%, 2.6, and 2.0% for the T2W images. Based on the current study, aligning the applicator model to MR images provides a practical, efficient approach to perform MR-based brachytherapy planning.
Hadamard transform Raman imaging

The Hadamard multiplexed Raman imaging microscope is described. Techniques for multispectral imaging and for contrast enhancement and optical sectioning by nearest-neighbor deblurring are discussed and illustrated. Error sources are discussed
Axon destruction and adrenergic systems mediate pressor responses after AV3V lesions

These studies investigated the neural tissue and peripheral mechanism mediating the transient pressor response following electrolytic ablation of the periventricular tissue surrounding the anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V) of the rat. Arterial blood pressure was monitored in conscious animals for 2 h following either microinjection of kainic acid (AV3V-KA) or electrolytic lesions (AV3V-X) in the AV3V region or control procedures (Cont). Blood pressure did not change in AV3V-KA (4 +/- 3 mmHg) or Cont rats but significantly increased in AV3V-X animals (20 +/- 4 mmHg). The pressor response following AV3V-X was not altered by pretreatment with MK-422 (converting-enzyme inhibitor), TMe-AVP (vasopressin antagonist), or hexamethonium (ganglionic blocker). However, intravenous administration of prazosin (alpha-adrenergic blocker) or bilateral adrenalectomy abolished the increase in blood pressure. Furthermore, plasma concentrations of norepinephrine were significantly higher in AV3V-X rats (1,125 +/- 150 pg/ml) compared with Cont animals (322 +/- 83 pg/ml) following treatment. These data indicate that the acute hypertensive response following AV3V-X is caused by the destruction of fibers of passage and results from circulating catecholamines of adrenal origin.
The relationship of radioresistance to balanced growth-rate in Micrococcus radiodurans.

SummaryThe changes in the macromolecular composition of Micrococcus radiodurans with increasing medium-determined growth-rate are similar to such alterations in more radiosensitive bacterial strains. As the growth-rate and quantity of cellular macromolecules increase, the x-radiation sensitivity tends to increase when measured by the D0 or the LD90 exposure. The amounts of endogenous, possibly radioprotective sulphydryls do not account for the increased radiosensitivity. It is also found that the assay of cells on minimal agar generally improves the survival after irradiation. These findings in M. radiodurans suggest that damage to DNA and to the division mechanisms of the cells may account for the heightened radiosensitivity found in conditions of rapid growth.
Mitofusin 2 maintains haematopoietic stem cells with extensive lymphoid potential

Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which sustain production of all blood cell lineages, rely on glycolysis for ATP production, yet little attention has been paid to the role of mitochondria. Here we show in mice that the short isoform of a critical regulator of HSCs, Prdm16 (refs 4, 5), induces mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), a protein involved in mitochondrial fusion and in tethering of mitochondria to the endoplasmic reticulum. Overexpression and deletion studies, including single-cell transplantation assays, revealed that Mfn2 is specifically required for the maintenance of HSCs with extensive lymphoid potential, but not, or less so, for the maintenance of myeloid-dominant HSCs. Mfn2 increased buffering of intracellular Ca(2+), an effect mediated through its endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria tethering activity, thereby negatively regulating nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of nuclear factor of activated T cells (Nfat). Nfat inhibition rescued the effects of Mfn2 deletion in HSCs, demonstrating that negative regulation of Nfat is the prime downstream mechanism of Mfn2 in the maintenance of HSCs with extensive lymphoid potential. Mitochondria therefore have an important role in HSCs. These findings provide a mechanism underlying clonal heterogeneity among HSCs and may lead to the design of approaches to bias HSC differentiation into desired lineages after transplantation.
Pulsed Laser Processing of Targets Immersed in Liquid Media

This report describes a study of the formation of TiN thin films produced by laser irradiation of titanium targets immersed in liquid nitrogen. Three fluence thresholds have been determined, corresponding to: (i) surface melting in gaseous nitrogen (0.7 J/cm 2 ) (ii) surface melting under liquid nitrogen with TiN formation (1.2 J/cm 2 ) and (iii) gross melting accompanied by the generation of periodic surface structures ( >2.0 J/cm 2 ). Data obtained from transmission electron microscopy, Auger spectroscopy, and XPS studies show that the rapid solid-statecooling rates ( l0 10 deg/sec ) result in a supersaturated, twinned hcp structure with solute contents up to 40 at% nitrogen. Theoretical estimates suggest that the majority of the incident excimer laser radiation is absorbed by the target with subsequent thermal transfer to the liquid producing a highpressure shock wave originating at the liquid-solid interface. Pressures up to 4.3 GPa are predicted with the expanding vapor layer reaching a terminal velocity after 5 μs and a total lifetime of 28 μs. Such a lifetime is considerably longer than the thermal pulse in the substrate (from a I-dimensional heat flow analysis). The results are discussed with reference to such estimates. Because the thermal diffusivity far exceeds that of the solute, the extent of nitridation is determined predominantly by the first 200 ns of the thermal pulse experienced by the target.
The Energetics of Dislocation-Obstacle Interactions by 3-D Quasicontinuum Simulations

The goal of this work is to study the interaction of dislocations with local obstacles to glide such as point defects, precipitates and other dislocations. The quasicontinuum method is used as the basis of this study. It is demonstrated that two types of boundary effects are of concern in the calculation of hardening parameters using finite sized simulation cells. A recently developed technique to incorporate periodic boundary conditions in the quasicontinuum method is used to eliminate surface effects which were present in earlier implementations and to simulate a dislocation of infinite extent interacting with an array of obstacles. The second type of boundary effect is due to the boundary conditions on the lateral boundaries. A method based on finite element calculations is proposed for quantifying the effect of lateral boundaries in these simulations. Preliminary results for the validation of the method are presented as well as a simulation of the interaction between a conventional edge dislocation in Al with an array of clusters of Ni atoms.
Synthesis of pantoic acid and its congeners by Neurospora.

Summary1. Synthesis of pantothenic acid and related compounds by wild type Neurospora crassa and a pantothenicless mutant of this organism, 5531 A, was compared by growing these organisms for 4-8 days and determining the substances produced in the culture filtrates by microbiological and chromatographic methods. Culture nitrates of wild type Neurospora at 4 days contained principally coenzyme A; on longer incubation the coenzyme A decreased while the pantothenic acid and pantetheine (LBF) in the medium increased. Little or no pantoic acid was present. Culture filtrates of the pantothenicless mutant contained substantial amounts of pantoic acid which arose by synthesis; no synthesis of pantothenic acid or coenzyme A was observed when the culture was grown with minimal amounts of pantothenic acid. When larger amounts of pantothenic acid were added, small amounts of coenzyme A were detected in the culture filtrate. 2. Of the compounds so far implicated as intermediates in synthesis of coenzyme A, only pantot...
Observation and nursing care analgesia effect after operation in child ren’s department of orthopaedics.

Objective: Probe into the analgetic effect of dif ference analgesia d rugs in otthopaedics’patients. Method: 80 patients were divided into A(n=40) an d B(n=40) groups. A group using Fentanl 100ug and Nacl 50ml joint analgesia afte r operation ,B group using chlorpromazine 5mg. Promethazine 5mg and Nacl 50ml jo int analgesia. Result: There wasn’t remarkable difference in two groups( P0.05) ,the occurate of side effect has remarkable difference(P0.05). Conclusion Chlor promazine and promethazine joint analgesia can reduce side effect with analgesia drugs and it is worth to spread.
Complex Structural Analysis and Modeling: the First Row of Anticlinal Belt on the Southern Margin of the Junggar Basin

The aim of complex structural analysis on foreland thrust belts, which is based on a rational interpreted seismic profile, is to determine the mechanisms, process, rate and timing of deformation. Several geometric techniques, such as separating dip domains and analyzing axial surfaces, are used in seismic interpretation and structural analysis of the first row of anticlinal belt in the southern Junggar Foreland Basin. The patterns of growth strata indicate that the first row of anticlinal belt was developed above the passive back thrust on the top of the deep structural wedge, which is imbricated by five Paleozoic—Mesozoic fault-bend folds, and the upper two anticlines may be potential targets in exploration. The most displacement on the deep flat-ramp-flat thrusts transfer southward along the back thrust, located in the coal layers of middle Jurassic, and only a few displacement transfer northward to the second row of anticlinal belt. So, the elevating or plunging between these two anticlinal belts indicates the displacement transfer on the direction of the south and north.
Interface design of open architecture of arc-welding robot PMAC-based

In this paper,the improvement method of welding parameter and welding condition are given for DC400 welding power supply,and the method to supervise the limit position of robot with Hall component is designed,realized numeral giving of welding parameter and supervision of welding condition.The method of interface for PMAC and industry computer is Introduced,and the key function in the communication and using method are given,realized the data communications.Test result indicates integration of arc-welding robot system can be implemented by this method successfully.
Patient risk prediction model via top-κ stability selection

The patient risk prediction model aims at assessing the risk of a patient in developing a target disease based on his/her health profile. As electronic health records (EHRs) become more prevalent, a large number of features can be constructed in order to characterize patient profiles. This wealth of data provides unprecedented opportunities for data mining researchers to address important biomedical questions. Practical data mining challenges include: How to correctly select and rank those features based on their prediction power? What predictive model performs the best in predicting a target disease using those features? In this paper, we propose top-k stability selection, which generalizes a powerful sparse learning method for feature selection by overcoming its limitation on parameter selection. In particular, our proposed top-k stability selection includes the original stability selection method as a special case given k = 1. Moreover, we show that the top-k stability selection is more robust by utilizing more information from selection probabilities than the original stability selection, and provides stronger theoretical properties. In a large set of real clinical prediction datasets, the top-k stability selection methods outperform many existing feature selection methods including the original stability selection. We also compare three competitive classification methods (SVM, logistic regression and random forest) to demonstrate the effectiveness of selected features by our proposed method in the context of clinical prediction applications. Finally, through several clinical applications on predicting heart failure related symptoms, we show that top-k stability selection can successfully identify important features that are clinically meaningful.
Measurement of hepatic Ra UDP-glucose in vivo in rats: relation to glycogen deposition and labeling patterns.

We previously described an isotopic method for quantifying the rate of appearance of hepatic UDP-glucose (Ra UDP-Glc) and the direct entry of glucose into hepatic UDP-Glc in humans. Here, the method is tested in depth in rats. The basic principles are that dilution of labeled galactose in hepatic UDP-Glc, sampled noninvasively by the xenobiotic glucuronate (GlcUA) method, reveals Ra UDP-Glc. First, labeling patterns in secreted acetaminophen-GlcUA were compared with hepatic glycogen and plasma glucose by use of mass isotopomer distribution analysis from [2-(13)C]glycerol. Labeling was consistent with common precursor pools of glucose 6-phosphate and triose-phosphate for all end products studied in fasted and in intravenous glucose- and fructose-infused states. Next, [1-(3)H]galactose was administered. After a 24-h fast, Ra UDP-Glc was 25.0 +/- 1.7 mumol.kg body wt-1.min-1 and rose to 57.7 and 72.7 mumol.kg-1.min-1 at intravenous glucose infusion rates of 111 and 167-194 mumol.kg-1.min-1, respectively. Liver glycogen deposition correlated closely with Ra UDP-Glc (R2 = 0.76), although the turnover value was approximately 50% higher than the net deposition rate. In conclusion, the turnover of an intrahepatic metabolite, UDP-Glc, can be measured noninvasively, and Ra UDP-Glc correlates with liver glycogen deposition in rats.
Evolution Is a “Fact”

The evolution of organisms is at the core of all biological disciplines, from genetics and molecular biology to ecology and neurobiology. That organisms have evolved is a “fact” demonstrated by multiple sorts of evidence. The fossil record shows that organisms have evolved for hundreds of millions of years. Fossils have been found that are intermediate between fish and amphibians, between reptiles and birds, and, most importantly, between primates and humans. The geographic distribution of plants and animals displays their divergent evolution in different continents and islands. Notable examples are the Galapagos Islands and the Hawaiian archipelago, with some unique species of plants and animals and the absence of most others. The anatomy of organisms shows their evolutionary origins and the relationships between different species . Molecular biology, a recent discipline, provides the most definitive evidence of the evolution of life and the most precise information about the evolutionary relationships among living organisms.
Cutaneous Scarring: Basic Science, Current Treatments, and Future Directions.

Significance: Scarring of the skin from burns, surgery, and injury constitutes a major burden on the healthcare system. Patients affected by major scars, particularly children, suffer from long-term functional and psychological problems. Recent Advances: Scarring in humans is the end result of the wound healing process, which has evolved to rapidly repair injuries. Wound healing and scar formation are well described on the cellular and molecular levels, but truly effective molecular or cell-based antiscarring treatments still do not exist. Recent discoveries have clarified the role of skin stem cells and fibroblasts in the regeneration of injuries and formation of scar. Critical Issues: It will be important to show that new advances in the stem cell and fibroblast biology of scarring can be translated into therapies that prevent and reduce scarring in humans without major side effects. Future Directions: Novel therapies involving the use of purified human cells as well as agents that target specific cells...
Developments in trapezium Replacements.

The purpose of this update is to report on a variety of topics related to trapezium implants that have been investigated during the past three years. The keyword trapezium implant was utilized to query the PubMed database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. From the resulting list, papers published from the beginning of January 2012 through the beginning of April 2015 were reviewed. The twenty-three studies identified are reviewed here and referenced at the end of the review. Based on level of evidence criteria for therapeutic studies as adopted by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, the most frequent level of evidence for reviewed clinical studies was Level IV (13/19 studies), followed by Level III (4/19), and Levels II (1/19) and I (1/19).
Role of SDF-1:CXCR4 in Impaired Post-Myocardial Infarction Cardiac Repair in Diabetes

Diabetes is a risk factor for worse outcomes following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that SDF-1:CXCR4 expression is compromised in post-AMI in diabetes, and that reversal of this defect can reverse the adverse effects of diabetes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) isolated from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice (control MSC) were induced to overexpress stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). SDF-1 expression in control MSC and SDF-1-overexpressing MSC (SDF-1:MSC) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). AMI was induced on db/db and control mice. Mice were randomly selected to receive infusion of control MSC, SDF-1:MSC, or saline into the border zone after AMI. Serial echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function. SDF-1 and CXCR4 mRNA expression in the infarct zone of db/db mice and control mice were quantified. Compared to control mice, SDF-1 levels were decreased 82%, 91%, and 45% at baseline, 1 day and 3 days post-AMI in db/db mice, respectively. CXCR4 levels are increased 233% at baseline and 54% 5 days post-AMI in db/db mice. Administration of control MSC led to a significant improvement in ejection fraction (EF) in control mice but not in db/db mice 21 days after AMI. In contrast, administration of SDF-1:MSC produced a significant improvement in EF in both control mice and db/db mice 21 days after AMI. The SDF-1:CXCR4 axis is compromised in diabetes, which appears to augment the deleterious consequences of AMI. Over-express of SDF-1 expression in diabetes rescues cardiac function post AMI. Our results suggest that modulation of SDF-1 may improve post-AMI cardiac repair in diabetes. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2018;7:115-124.
How Satisfied Are the Self-Employed: A Secondary Analysis Approach

Researchers from diverse disciplines have come to the conclusion that the self-employed should be more satisfied than the wage-or-salarled, but the samples used In these studies are largely Inadequ...
A formal definition of a PL/I subset

This report provides a formal definition of large portions of the ECMA/ANSI proposed Standard PL/I language. The metalanguage used is described in the style of the "Mathematical Semantics". That is, the definition of PL/I is given by generating a function from a source program. A commentary is also provided to cover the less clear parts of the chosen model. For the convenience of the reader who wishes to have the commentary side by side with the formulae, the report is divided into two parts: Part I contains the description of the notation, the commentary and a cross-reference; Part II contains all the formulae.
SOLAR ACCESS PROTECTION AND PASSIVE COOLING IN SUBDIVISION PLANNING: A NEW ORLEANS CASE STUDY

ABSTRACT In this case study, solar access and passive cooling design criteria are applied to a proposed 100 acre residential development east of New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. Development goals, climate analysis for energy conservation potential, and determination of design options are discussed. A site plan is proposed and solar access and passive cooling aspects are documented.
Surgical management of spasticity of cerebral origin in children

In children, spasticity is commonly seen in the context of cerebral palsy (CP), but also following head injury, cerebral infarct or other brain insults. CP is a wide term used to describe a constellation of symptoms that characterise the physical impairment of movement due to abnormal brain development. The management of spasticity is tailored according to the clinical picture of the child. Ambulatory mild spastic diplegics tend to reach the maximum of their disability in the first few years of life, and change little after the age of 5–7 years. Such patients who are seen between 3–5 years and who attempt to mobilise with walking frames are often good candidates for either dorsal rhizotomy or intrathecal baclofen (ITB) administration with the implantation of an indwelling pump. Non-ambulatory mild spastic diplegics and spastic quadriplegics have more profound spasticity, painful spasms, orthopaedic deformities, and difficulties with daily care and posture. ITB has become established as the first line of surgical treatment for these patients. In the last decade, there has been a definite trend away from ablative treatments and towards reversible stimulation and infusion systems. Current pumps have practical limitations but, in the next decade, it is anticipated that technological improvements will render the pumps more patient friendly.
Regard rétrospectif sur la norme du français québécois oral

Depuis les annees 1960, la question de la norme linguistique au Quebec a ete soulevee a de nombreuses reprises. En 1965, l’Office de la langue francaise soulignait l’importance d’aligner cette norme sur le francais standard international. En 1977, l’Association quebecoise des professeurs de francais proposait que la norme du francais quebecois soit basee sur le francais formel des Quebecois. Cependant, aucune de ces deux propositions n’a reellement fait consensus.Quelques annees plus tard, certains affirmaient qu’il existait une norme quebecoise qui n’etait basee ni sur du francais populaire quebecois ni sur du francais standard de France, mais que cette norme n’etait encore decrite nulle part. Depuis, plusieurs etudes ont fourni des elements descriptifs du francais standard quebecois oral.Dans notre article, nous nous proposons de dresser un portrait exhaustif du francais standard oral en usage au Quebec. Dans un premier temps, nous reviendrons brievement sur le debat entourant la question de la norme linguistique quebecoise. Par la suite, nous fournirons une description de cette norme du point de vue phonique et du point de vue grammatical. Enfin, nous terminerons par une reflexion sur l’importance didactique de ce standard quebecois dans l’enseignement du francais au Quebec.
Total Thyroidectomy for Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Abstract A 59-year-old female presented with a 2.7 cm papillary thyroid carcinoma. A total thyroidectomy and prophylactic central compartment node dissection were performed, as shown in this video....
Implementation and Evaluation of a Laboratory Safety Process Improvement Toolkit

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to evaluate the real-world usability and usefulness of a revised version of the published Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality “Improving Your Office Testing Process” toolkit, designed to help primary care practices standardize and systematize laboratory testing processes. Method: We used a multiple case study approach to evaluate toolkit implementation in 2 primary care practices with existing quality improvement (QI) infrastructure. We collected qualitative data at baseline, midpoint (3 to 4 weeks), and follow-up (7 to 8 weeks postimplementation). Data included key informant interviews and practice site observations. Nineteen clinicians and staff participated in the interviews. Thematic analysis was used to summarize (1) how practices used the toolkit for guiding lab testing process improvement (usefulness), and (2) ease of use and practice experience with using the toolkit (usability). Results: The toolkit was perceived as easy to use and easy to follow step by step. Two components of the toolkit were particularly useful: guidance on data gathering to inform quality improvement and tools for effective practice-patient communication. The toolkit9s practice and patient assessments facilitated practice-specific insights into the lab processes considered most harmful to patients and informed improvement activities. Conclusion: The usability and usefulness of the toolkit were related to the characteristics of the toolkit itself (adaptability, simplicity, and design quality and packaging, and guidance in planning) and practice processes (presence of practice champions and implementation teams). In a set of 2 practices in which laboratory testing process improvement was a high priority and where well-established QI infrastructure exists, the toolkit was easy to use with little technical assistance.
The Cluster LX-sigma Relation Has Implications for Scale-Free Cosmologies

I show that the cluster LX-sigma relation should be sensitive to cosmologies with a scale-free power spectrum of initial density fluctuations, P(k) ~ k^n. I derive the dependence, and argue that a conservative interpretation of current observations implies n < -2.0 and n < -1.1 at the one-sided 90% and 99% confidence levels, respectively. This result, which agrees with constraints on n from the x-ray cluster temperature function, should be roughly independent of the value of Omega or Lambda.
Making sense of comprehension practices and pedagogies in multimodal ways: A second-grade emergent bilingual's sensemaking during small-group reading

Abstract Despite the rise in multiliteracies and multilingual orientations to literacy learning, there has been little attention to multimodality in how younger emergent bilinguals demonstrate and respond to reading comprehension practices and pedagogies. This study, which took place in the midwestern United States, examines how Marian (pseudonym), a second-grade emergent bilingual (eight years old) made sense of texts using a variety of semiotic resources. The study also focuses on how her use of such resources demonstrated her engagement with texts and reading comprehension pedagogies during small-group reading in her classroom. Findings show that Marian used a variety of semiotic resources to convey her understanding of texts, some of which aligned with and resisted typical reading comprehension pedagogies in classrooms. Additionally, analysis demonstrates that reading comprehension pedagogies may have inhibited her sensemaking. Implications include further attention to how teachers, policy-makers, and researchers can recognize and make space for the multimodal and dynamic ways in which emergent bilinguals make sense of texts.