cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Use of Geospatial Resources for Radio Propagation Prediction in Urban Areas

A method for extracting the three-dimensional (3D) building structures using their single-view images available on the Internet/cyberspace is described. Height measurement technique is combined with two-dimensional (2D) projective transformation to obtain the 3D building information. It is shown that the reconstruction method is accurate for path-loss calculations using ray-tracing algorithms. Simulated path losses/gains are compared to results in literature, and good agreement is observed. The effect of building footprint and height inaccuracies on path-loss calculations is also examined and is found to result in errors within the common error range between experimental measurements and ray-tracing predictions.
Presence of a factor in blood which enhances bacterial-growth activity of riboflavin.

ConclusionsHuman blood from which the riboflavin has been removed by irradiation contains some factor which enhances the growth-promoting (acid production) activity of riboflavin on Lactobacillus casei є. In the future, investigators who make determinations of the riboflavin content of blood or other biological materials must take into consideration the presence or absence of this factor.
Control of communication networks for multiple mobile platforms

This paper presents network control of multiple mobile platforms by taking advantage of different classes of feedback responses such as acknowledgments, channel information, and signals from platforms. Messages with strict delay constraints use redundant paths to ensure meeting a deadline for reliable communications. Furthermore, data transforms on different paths provide the fault tolerance while allowing a better chance of successful data decoding than if identical copies were transmitted on different paths. Results of simulation experiments are presented to validate the theory.
Peering Into the Bias Blind Spot: People’s Assessments of Bias in Themselves and Others

People tend to believe that their own judgments are less prone to bias than those of others, in part because they tend to rely on introspection for evidence of bias in themselves but on their lay theories in assessing bias in others. Two empirical consequences of this asymmetry are explored. Studies 1 and 2 document that people are more inclined to think they are guilty of bias in the abstract than in any specific instance. Studies 3 and 4 demonstrate that people tend to believe that their own personal connection to a given issue is a source of accuracy and enlightenment but that such personal connections in the case of others who hold different views are a source of bias. The implications of this asymmetry in assessing objectivity and bias in the self versus others are discussed.
Control of Enterococcus faecalis sex pheromone cAD1 elaboration: Effects of culture aeration and pAD1 plasmid-encoded determinants

Abstract Aeration of plasmid-free Enterococcus faecalis strains resulted in an 8- to 16-fold decrease in sex pheromone cAD1 activity in culture filtrates. Levels of two unrelated pheromones, cPD1 and cAM373, were unaffected by culture aeration. Aeration also resulted in a decrease in the expression of conjugative transfer functions observed in cells containing pAD1 traB mutations, verifying a link between traB function and pheromone “shutdown.” Tests with a series of pAD1 mini-plasmids indicated that the product of the traB gene was involved in, but not sufficient for, pheromone shutdown; the cooperation of one or more other gene products encoded within the pheromone response control region was required.
Interseccionalidade em uma era de globalização: As implicações da Conferência Mundial contra o Racismo para práticas feministas transnacionais

Este relatorio analisa a interseccionalidade como uma abordagem feminista com significante impacto nos discursos e debates durante o Forum de ONGs e a Conferencia Mundial Contra o Racismo, em Durban, Africa do Sul. O termo 'interseccionalidade' se refere as articulacoes entre a discriminacao de genero, a homofobia, o racismo e a exploracao de classe. Falando do lugar de enunciacao de mulheres de cor feministas situadas nos territorios geograficos dos Estados Unidos, as autoras enfatizam algumas questoes-chave e tendencias dos movimentos sociais que foram ignoradas pela midia estadunidense. Alternativamente, o relatorio examina como a introducao das 'intolerâncias correlatas' na agenda da Conferencia permitiu discussoes mais amplas sobre os efeitos da globalizacao no agravamento do racismo e sobre as multiplas opressoes com relacao a orientacao sexual e aos direitos sexuais. As autoras argumentam que uma insistencia na significância do genero e da raca, bem como da classe, no contexto do capitalismo neo-liberal, coloca novas e importantes coordenadas nos mapas do feminismo transnacional e do crescente movimento anti-globalizacao.
Measurement of Radio-Frequency Impedance with Networks Simulating Lines

The complex value of an impedance may be measured at radio frequencies by measuring voltage ratios on a transmission line terminated in the unknown impedance. The line may often be replaced advantageously by an equivalent network. Several new methods of carrying out the measurement have been developed and a study of the factors affecting the accuracy and the technique of manipulation has been made. Optimum accuracy obtains when the characteristic impedance of the network and the impedance to be measured are equal. Only two quantities need be accurately known; viz., (1) the capacitance of a variable condenser, and (2) the frequency of the applied voltage; this is a decided advantage at radio frequencies. The conditions imposed on the voltmeter are easily satisfied in practice. A common lead connecting generator, voltmeter, network, and unknown impedance makes grounding and shielding simple. Experimental results at frequencies from 50 to 1500 kilocycles have agreed well with the computed performance of the device and they demonstrate the practicability of the method.
Risk and pharmacoeconomic analyses of the injectable medication process in the paediatric and neonatal intensive care units

Objective. To analyse safety risks in injectable medications. To assess the potential impact and pharmacoeconomic aspects of safety tools. Design. The injectable drug process was prospectively assessed using a failure modes, effects and criticality analysis. Criticality indexes were estimated based on their likelihood of occurrence, detection probability and potential severity. The impact of 10 safety tools on the criticality index was calculated and extrapolated to all drugs injected daily. Yearly costs for a reduction in criticality by 1 point (¼1 quali) per day were estimated. Setting. Paediatric and neonatal intensive care units in a University Hospital. Participants. Two paediatric nurses, a neonatologist, three hospital pharmacists. Interventions. Qualitative and quantitative risk assessment. Main Outcome Measures. Failure modes, criticality indexes, cost-efficacy ratios.
Plasma and Renal Prorenin/Renin, Renin mRNA, and Blood Pressure in Dahl Salt-Sensitive and Salt-Resistant Rats

We measured plasma prorenin and renin levels, renal renin mRNA, renal anti-renin and anti-prorenin-prosequence immunoreactivity, and blood pressure in maturing Brookhaven Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl S) and salt-resistant (Dahl R) rats during 14 days of low (0%), medium (0.4%), or high 4%) NaCl diets. Blood pressure was higher in Dahl S rats and did not increase with high NaCl. Seven-week-old Dahl R rats had twofold and sixfold higher levels of plasma prorenin and renal prosequence immunoreactivity, respectively, which by 9 weeks were the same as in Dahl S rats. The anti-renin antiserum, BR1-5, was found to detect prorenin better than renin; Dahl S rats had suppressed renal anti-renin immunoreactivity relative to Dahl-R rats. Dahl R rats were unresponsive to high NaCl, whereas in Dahl S rats, plasma renin and renal prosequence immunoreactivity fell by 90% (P < .01), renal anti-renin immunoreactivity and renal renin MRNA fell by 35% (P < .05 for both), and plasma prorenin fell by 30% (P = NS). NaCl depletion increased prorenin/renin parameters similarly in both strains. There were direct relationships among all of the prorenin/renin parameters. Between low and high salt diets in Dahl S rats, plasma renin increased 20-fold, plasma total renin (renin plus prorenin) and renal renin mRNA both increased threefold, and plasma prorenin increased twofold. The results indicate that under steady-state conditions, plasma and renal renin/prorenin parameters change concordantly and that plasma total renin (renin plus prorenin) reflects changes in renal renin mRNA. The lower blood pressure of Dahl R rats is associated with later maturation-related declines in plasma and renal prorenin. Suppression of plasma renin may delay the salt-induced blood pressure rise in Dahl S rats. Finally, the renin system and blood pressure of Dahl R rats have remarkable disregard for a high salt diet.
Changes in Psychological Maladaptation among Inmate Parasuicides

Thirty-three males who engaged in parasuicide in prison were assessed for suicidal behavior and other psychological maladaptation upon prison entry (T1) and 1 year later (T2). Depression and suicidal ideation scores decreased significantly at 1 year, although continued distress also was evident. State- and trait-anger levels did not change significantly. Congruent with other research, inmates who engaged in parasuicide demonstrated a decrease in psychological maladaptation during imprisonment, although the findings also support the differential impact of imprisonment, with some inmates continuing to experience significant distress.
Suppression of Growth of a Brown Rot Fungus, Gloeophyllum trabeum, by Formosan Subterranean Termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

Abstract Although a brown rot fungus, Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers.) Murrill, has been shown to be attractive and beneficial to subterranean termites, including Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), no research has been conducted to determine whether the association is mutualistic. We first investigated whether the fungus could be spread by C. formosanus, because this would represent an obvious benefit to the fungus. We found that Formosan subterranean termites did not spread G. trabeum, rather they suppressed its growth. To further investigate this phenomenon, wood chips were inoculated with G. trabeum, and fungal growth was measured in treatments with termites or without termites (controls). A significant suppression of fungus growth was found only in treatments where termites were present. This antagonistic interaction between the termites and fungus was further investigated by placing wood chips from the termite treatments on potato dextrose yeast agar medium to determine G. trabeu...
Erratum to: State of the art: refinement of multiple sequence alignments

Correction to Chakrabarti S, Lanczycki CJ, Panchenko AR, Przytycka TM, Thiessen PA and Bryant SH: State of the art: refinement of multiple sequence alignments. BMC Bioinformatics 2006, 7:499.
Autoradiographic studies of leukocyte formation.

Summary1. Twenty-four hours are required for maturation of the neutrophil from the last division stage in the marrow. 2. The data are best explained by a finite life of 2/3 day for mature neutrophils in marrow, followed by a peripheral life span of 1 to 1 1/3 days. 3. Lymphocytes fall into two classes—medium and large cells, which are rapidly renewed, and small cells, which live at least a week.
Applying automotive robustness validation to reduce the number of unplanned reliability testing cycles

This paper presents an approach to product development and reliability testing utilizing Robustness Validation (RV), an automotive electronics development recommended practice, specified in SAE-J1211 (surface vehicles) and SAE-J1879 (semiconductor devices in automotive applications). Intelligent testing and Robustness Validation approaches can become an integral part of the design for reliability process (DfR) and if implemented correctly can optimize a design process flow, provide significant cost savings, reduce the number of design validation iterations and hence, the overall number of required test cycles. Furthermore, intelligent and customized testing including RV can reduce test costs, contribute to error prevention, and demonstrate achieved reliability. An appropriately applied RV methodology offers a sustainable competitive advantage; however, a general change in approach to product validation testing is needed, requiring a joint effort by the design and validation teams involved in product development. Robustness Validation will add common sense, efficiency, better test to field correlation and optimization to the process of automotive design and validation. Consequently, a case study is presented of an automotive power electronics unit that will show how Robustness Validation can help to minimize the validation cycle and reduce the waste of multiple validation iterations. This paper will also discuss the challenges and pitfalls to applying this process and the ways to address them. Hence this practice can be applied to most industries, well outside the automotive engineering.
Studies with specific enzyme inhibitors. XI. Identification of tissue-specific metabolic organization of mitochondria by monofluorocitrate.

Rates of O 2 uptake of mitochondria vary depending on the nature of added substrate, on assay conditions, and on the tissue from which mitochondria are isolated. Inhibition of aconitase by fluorocitrate influenced O 2 uptake and citrate accumulation in a highly selective manner. Metabolic effectivity of fluorocitrate was dependent on the same variables which determine specific metabolic rates in the absence of the inhibitor. It is proposed that the experimental design applied detects metabolic consequences of tissue-specific control mechanisms.
Power, Eros, Pneuma and Physis Personality Types

This chapter provides a description of the Power, Eros, Pneuma and Physis personalities. The addition of Jung’s categories of introversion and extraversion to each of these dominant motivations makes a total of eight different types. The description takes into account the inferior motivation of each type, for example, extraverted Eros type with inferior introverted Power. (Please note that the inferior motivation is usually opposite in the attitude of extraversion or introversion to the dominant motivation.) The dominant motivation is consciously deployed and usually well differentiated and socially adapted. The inferior motivation, on the other hand, is essentially unconscious. But because of that, it has a more intense psychic charge and tends to be expressed in a naive, exaggerated, all-or-nothing manner.1
A ±50-mV Linear-Input-Range VCO-Based Neural-Recording Front-End With Digital Nonlinearity Correction

Closed-loop neuromodulation is an essential function in future neural implants for delivering efficient and effective therapy. However, a closed-loop system requires the neural-recording front-end to handle large stimulation artifacts—a feature not supported by most state-of-the-art designs. In this paper, we present a neural-recording front-end that has an input range of ±50 mV and can be used in closed-loop systems. The proposed front-end avoids the saturation due to stimulation artifacts by employing a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) to directly convert the input signal into the frequency domain. The VCO nonlinearity is corrected using area-efficient foreground polynomial correction. Implemented in a 40-nm CMOS process, the design occupies 0.135 mm $^{\mathrm { {2}}}$ with an analog power of 3 $\mu \text{W}$ and a digital switching power of 4 $\mu \text{W}$ . It achieves ten times higher linear input range than prior art, and 79-dB spurious-free dynamic range at peak input, with an input-referred noise of 5.2 $\mu \text{V}_{\mathrm { {rms}}}$ across the local-field-potential band of 1–200 Hz. With on-chip subhertz high-pass filters realized by duty-cycled resistors, the front-end also eliminates the need of off-chip dc-blocking capacitors.
Creating music: What children from around the world can teach us

In spite of a growing base of research and instructional materials that support engaging students in music composition, doing so remains at the periphery of much music education practice. In this t...
Short-Term Contact Kinematic Changes and Longer-Term Biochemical Changes in the Cartilage After ACL Reconstruction: A Pilot Study

Investigation of the development of cartilage degeneration after ACL reconstruction is important for improving current surgical treatment of ACL injuries to prevent long-term knee joint degeneration. This pilot study examined the relationship between the changes in weight-bearing knee contact kinematics 6 months after ACL reconstruction and the biochemical composition changes in the knee cartilage measured using T2 relaxation values 3 years after the surgery in seven patients. The analysis indicated that the change of the knee contact kinematics in short-term after ACL reconstruction is associated with an increase of T2 values of the cartilage in longer follow up times. The data of this study could provide preliminary data to power future studies that use prospective, longitudinal research and large patient populations to establish prognostic biomechanical markers for determination of long-term cartilage degeneration after ACL reconstruction.
Oyster Reefs as Complex Ecological Systems

Aggregations of suspension-feeding organisms like oyster reefs, mussel beds and worm reefs are prominent systems in coastal environments. The fundamental properties of these systems are reviewed and indicate that they are complex systems that are highly optimized and evolutionarily selected for high productivity. Such systems are unstable when faced with a never experienced situation. In the case of oyster reefs, catastrophic collapse usually involves anthropogenic factors such as pollution, sediment loading, and over-harvesting. Strategies for examining these complex systems and developing compatible management approaches must include continued experimentation, learning, and adaptation by managers.
Inflation: Cause and Effects

This chapter discusses the cause and effects of inflation. Inflation is commonly defined as a continuous rise in the price level or a falling purchasing power of money. Inflation is caused by a rate of growth of the nominal money supply that exceeds the growth of the demand for real money balances. So-called nonmonetary theories of inflation frequently confuse changes in relative prices with changes in the overall level of prices. Cost push or monopolistic forces that work on the economy as a whole affect the price level indirectly by lowering the rate of growth of real income. The latter, in turn, leads to a slowing of the rate of growth of the demand for real money balances. Excessive growth of money is the proximate cause of inflation. The tight monetary policies create recessions and unemployment, conditions that create political pressures for the authorities to revert to easy monetary and fiscal policies. As inflation is only partially moderated during the recession period, each recovery starts from a higher inflation base than did the previous recoveries. Inflation pushes people into higher income-tax brackets and raises the effective personal income-tax rate on real income when tax brackets are unindexed for inflation. It also increases effective rates of taxation on business profits and thereby reduces the rate of return on capital income.
Stalking behavior: a literature review and suggested functional analytic assessment technology

This article provides a discussion of stalking behavior, a phenomenon very much in the forefront of public, legal, and law enforcement attention. To rectify the lack of a consistent and clear definition of stalking behavior in the literature, a behavioral definition is suggested. A review and critique of the existing literature is also provided. The functional analysis is proposed as a means to assist both intervention and research efforts. It is posited that functional analyses will help illuminate the factors that maintain stalking behavior, subsequently guiding intervention. It is also suggested that the information gained by consistent and widespread use of functional analyses will provide points of departure for future research.
Learning as inquiry

Learning as inquiry foregrounds the question rather than the answer and places the locus of learning in the learner, not in material transmitted by the teacher. The many approaches to inquiry learning address all the core subjects taught in schools and share a defining feature: the learner's engagement with the processes of answering one or more questions. Professional, discipline-based inquiry and classroom inquiry differ in a number of important ways. In classrooms, inquiry cycles are a dominant approach to implementing learning as inquiry. Classroom implementation of learning as inquiry presents challenges related to the developmental levels of students, teachers’ preparedness to guide the process, and classroom interaction patterns.
THE ARCHITECTURE OF COMPLEXITY: FROM WWW TO CELLULAR METABOLISM

Recent studies of complex systems indicate that real networks are far from random, instead having a highly robust, large-scale architecture that is governed by strict organizational principles. Here, we will focus on cellular networks, discussing their scale-free and hierarchical features. We will first discuss a few central network models, before illustrating the major network characteristics using examples primarily from bacterial metabolic networks. Additionally, as the interactions in real networks have unequal strengths, we discuss the interplay between network topology and reaction fluxes in cellular metabolic networks, as provided by the flux balance method. We find that the utilization of the metabolic networks is both globally and locally highly inhomogeneous, dominated by “hot-spots” that represent connected set of high-flux pathways.
Challenges and Innovations in Building a Product Knowledge Graph

Knowledge graphs have been used to support a wide range of applications and enhance search results for multiple major search engines, such as Google and Bing. At Amazon we are building a Product Graph, an authoritative knowledge graph for all products in the world. The thousands of product verticals we need to model, the vast number of data sources we need to extract knowledge from, the huge volume of new products we need to handle every day, and the various applications in Search, Discovery, Personalization, Voice, that we wish to support, all present big challenges in constructing such a graph. In this talk we describe four scientific directions we are investigating in building and using such a knowledge graph. First, we have been developing advanced extraction technologies to harvest product knowledge from semi-structured sources on the web and from text product profiles. Our annotation-based extraction tool selects a few webpages (typically below 10 pages) from a website for annotations, and can derive XPaths to extract from the whole website with average precision and recall of 97% [1]. Our distantly supervised extraction tool, CERES, uses an existing knowledge graph to automatically generate (noisy) training labels, and can obtain a precision over 90% when extracting from long-tail websites in various languages [1]. Our OpenTag technique extends state-of-the-art techniques such as Recursive Neural Network (RNN) and Conditional Random Field with attention and active learning, to achieve over 90% precision and recall in extracting attribute values (including values unseen in training data) from product titles, descriptions, and bullets [3].
Utilizing crop wild relatives to combat global warming.

Abstract Global warming is a reality man has to live with. Future food security will be dependent on a combination of the stresses, both biotic and abiotic, imposed by climate change, variability of weather within the growing season, development of cultivars more suited to different ambient conditions, and the ability to develop effective adaptation strategies which allow these cultivars to express their genetic potential under the changing climate conditions. Those plant species which are very closely related to field crops, including their progenitors, having the potential to contribute beneficial traits for crop improvement, such as, resistance to an array of biotic and abiotic stresses, enriching the gene pool, leading ultimately to enhanced plant yield, thereby aiding humanity's relentless search for production of more food to meet the ever growing needs of a burgeoning world population, are Called the “Crop Wild Relatives”(CWRs). In fact, CWRs are known to have tremendous potential to sustain and enhance global food security, thereby contributing enormously to humanity's well-being. Therefore, their search, characterization and conservation in crop breeding programs assume great importance. Viewed against the recent upheavals in global climate change, the task becomes all the more important. Against the background of the disastrous after effects, especially the alarming environmental hazards of the highly soil extractive farming, euphemistically known as the “green revolution,” of the 1960s, the task assumes much cruciality. This chapter discusses, at length, the role of CWRs and how they can be tapped to enable mankind to ensure sustainability of food production.
Impact of Inverter-Interfaced Renewable Generation on Transient Stability at Varying Levels of Penetration

The transient dynamics of conventional power systems are dominated by synchronous generators. Because inverters serve as the primary interface between the power systems and low-inertia renewable energy resources, increasing penetration of such inverter-interfaced generation has a growing impact on the transient dynamics of power systems. In this paper, we attempt to quantify such an impact at different penetration levels. An elementary system, which includes one scalable inverter, one synchronous generator and one load, is studied under different parameter settings to assess the transient dynamics of the system. To quantify the transient stability, the post-fault Region of Attraction (ROA) of the system is estimated by the sample-based basin stability approach with parallel computing technology. Simulation results suggest that different inverter penetration levels, inertias of the generator, inverter-controller gains and phase-locked loop controller-gains have a clear impact of the ROA as well as the transient dynamics of the elementary systems. Increasing the penetration level of inverter-interfaced generations will decrease the volume of ROA of generators, which is also verified with a modified IEEE 9-bus system model.
The role of foreign direct investment (FDI) in promoting access to clean water

Does foreign direct investment (FDI) decrease access to clean water in developing nations? Governments use economic growth from globalization to fund investment in infrastructure to improve water access, but FDI is hindering these efforts through pollution and increased water usage that put pressure on the supply of this public good. I test the hypothesis that growing pressure from increased use and pollution of water by foreign investors reduces water access in developing countries, where impacts are felt more acutely than in developed countries where public goods institutions are stronger. Using a country-year fixed effects regression model on a panel data set of over 130 countries from 1990 to 2010, I assess whether FDI increases or decreases potable water access in developing countries, and the role that development plays in moderating this effect. I find strong evidence of a negative relationship between FDI and access to potable water in developing countries.
Quantifying Energy and Latency Improvements of FPGA-Based Sensors for Low-Cost Spectrum Monitoring

There is a recent interest in large-scale RF spectrum monitoring using low-cost crowdsourced spectrum sensors. A major challenge here is improving the latency and energy usage of signal processing algorithms on the sensor. This improves operational cost and effectiveness and also makes the sensors more responsive to the monitoring task. We specifically consider the case of signal detection using such sensors. Typical crowdsourced implementation using a low-cost software radio connected to a Raspberry Pi or a smartphone as host is not energy-efficient and incurs significant latencies. We propose use of field-programmable gate array (FPGA) to improve both metrics for the signal detection task. Our benchmarking shows significant improvements with FPGA platforms relative to using a Raspberry Pi or smartphone, upto a factor of 73 in terms of latency and a factor of 29 in terms of energy usage.
Predicting Attitudes towards Lesbians and Gay Men: The Effects of Social Conservatism, Religious Orientation, and Cultural Humility:

This study explores the role cultural humility plays in attitudes and discrimination towards people identifying as gay or lesbian among religious individuals. Specifically, we explore cultural humi...
Tissue Site and the Cancer Immunity Cycle

Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy (CBT) has revolutionized cancer treatment; however, the cellular and molecular factors that govern responsiveness to immunotherapy remain poorly understood. One emerging area of clinical importance is differential responsiveness to CBT across different tissue sites of tumor growth. Each tissue site in the body can contain unique tissue-resident immune cells from both the lymphoid and the myeloid compartment and differences in tissue-specific immune cell composition might predispose tumors in certain tissue sites to be more or less responsive to immunotherapy. Understanding the interplay between tissue-resident and systemic immune responses against tumors will help to determine how to better therapeutically target the immune system to fight cancer. This review summarizes clinical and preclinical investigations of tissue-specific antitumor immune responses and how they influence the tumor immune microenvironment and the efficacy of immunotherapy.
Intraventricular hemorrhage and neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely low birth weight infants

ELBW infants are at high risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and IVH may predispose to the development of cerebral palsy (CP) and/or neurodevelopment impairment (NDI). Historically infants with IVH, particularly Grade 3 or 4 IVH, were at greater risk for NDI. Recent data suggests that NDI may not be as prevalent as once thought in infants with IVH. Purpose: Determine the neurodevelopmental outcome of ELBW patients in relation to Grade of IVH in terms of Bayley scores and incidence of CP. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of all infants born …
Pearls & Oy-sters: No-cutoff large vessel occlusion stroke: An indication for thrombectomy that can be missed.

Large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke with the proximal end of the thrombus located at a branch point may present with no cutoff on CT angiogram imaging.
Generalized Ray Spaces for Paraparticles

Paraparticles of order p = 2 must be pair produced, so the least massive are absolutely stable. Consequently, paraparticles are excellent candidates to be associated with dark matter and/or dark energy. For a fixed number of paraparticles, in a "generalized ray space" there are simple orthonormal bracket "ray representatives" constructed from paraparticle creation operators. Each such ray representative is associated with a Young Diagram with a unique "P-bar-sum" eigenvalue. "P-bar-sum" is the sum of the particle-exchange operators which exchange two identical particles. In this paper, by using totally symmetric and totally antisymmetric brackets, generalized ray spaces for order p=2 are constructed for parabosons (pB), for parafermions (pB), and for possible para-Families (pFam). Para-Families occur in the case of non-commuting pB and pF creation operators. Explicit arbitrary order p ray representatives for a few paraparticles may be useful to establish the order p if, indeed, dark matter and/or dark energy is discovered to exhibit parastatistic properties. Up to p identical pB's (pF's) can occupy a totally antisymmetric (symmetric) state, unlike for normal boson (fermion) statistics.
Attending-Provider Handoffs and Pediatric Emergency Department Revisits.

Objective The objective of this study was to determine if intradepartment attending-provider transitions of care (handoffs) during a pediatric emergency department (ED) encounter were associated with return ED visits resulting in hospitalization. Methods We analyzed ED encounters for patients younger than 21 years discharged from a single pediatric ED from January 2013 to February 2017. We classified an encounter as having a handoff when the initial attending and discharging attending differed. Our primary outcome was a revisit within 72 hours resulting in hospitalization. Our secondary outcomes were any revisit within 72 hours and revisits resulting in hospitalization with potential deficiencies in care. We compared outcome rates for ED encounters with and without provider handoffs, both with and without adjustment for demographic, clinical, and visit characteristics. Results Of the 177,350 eligible ED encounters, 1961 (1.1%) had a return visit resulting in hospitalization and 6821 (3.9%) had any return visit. In unadjusted analyses, handoffs were associated with an increased likelihood of a return visit resulting in hospitalization (odds ratio [OR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-1.70) or any return visit (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.10-1.31). However, after adjustment, provider handoffs were not associated with return ED visits resulting in hospitalization (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.81-1.13) or any return ED visits (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.90-1.10). Conclusions Provider handoffs in a pediatric ED did not increase the risk of return ED visits or return ED visits with deficiencies in care after adjustment for demographic, clinical, and visit factors.
CHAPTER 13 – Antibody Synthesis

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses antibody synthesis. It explains what happens when antigen stimulates antibody synthesis, confirming that the response is a well-defined inducer and product situation. The body is capable of producing many different antibodies to specific antigens. Lymphocytes and plasma cells synthesize and secrete antibodies in the same way that other proteins are produced. After antigenic stimulation, blast cells appear in lymphoid organs. These very young plasma cells or triggered B-lymphocytes divide rapidly, and, after a few days, their progeny become more morphologically and functionally specialized. Immunological memory to a secondary immunization is best explained as blast cells, once challenged with antigen, can rapidly divide. Synthesis of DNA and RNA precede the appearance of antibody.
Valley magnetism, nematicity, and density wave orders in twisted bilayer graphene

We analyze density wave and Pomeranchuk orders in twisted bilayer graphene. This complements our earlier analysis of the pairing instabilities. We assume that near half filling of either conduction or valence band, the Fermi level is close to Van Hove points, where the density of states diverges, and study potential instabilities in the particle-hole channel within a patch model with two valley degrees of freedom. The hexagonal symmetry of twisted bilayer graphene allows for either six or twelve Van Hove points. We consider both cases and find the same two leading candidates for particle-hole order. One is an SU(2)-breaking spin state with ferromagnetism within a valley. A subleading intervalley hopping induces antiferromagnetism between the valleys. The same state has also been obtained in strong-coupling approaches, indicating that this order is robust. The other is a mixed state with ${120}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ complex spin order and orthogonal complex charge order. In addition, we find a weaker but still attractive interaction in nematic channels, and discuss the type of a nematic order.
A Pulse-Width Modulation Based Nonlinear Control for DC-DC Buck Converters with Perturbed Input Source and Load Current

In this paper, we address the control problem of the DC-DC buck converter with perturbed input source and load current. A new nonlinear control method is proposed which can ensure to generate a bounded control signal corresponding to the Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) duty ratio in the range of [0, 1]. The overall system stability is rigorously analyzed using the Lyapunov second method. PSPICE based Monte carlo simulation is conducted to further validate the effectiveness of the proposed new design in the presence disturbances as well as system parametric uncertainties.
Hope in Goethe’s Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre: Affect Theory, Potentiality, Mistake and Change1

This article reads Johann Wolfgang Goethe’s Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre from the perspective of affect theory and focuses on the two elements of potentiality and mistake in the novel. In addition to...
Revisiting Atrial Pacing in the Long QT Genotype Era.

Successful cardiac pacing to treat ventricular tachycardia was first described in the 1960s. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Exploring Effects of Magnetic Nanowire Arrangements and Imperfections on First-Order Reversal Curve Diagrams

The first-order reversal curve (FORC) method is one of the most appealing magnetic characterization methods that has been used over decades for detailed analyses of nanoscaled magnetic systems. These detailed analyses are accompanied by numerous magnetic features in FORC diagrams that usually are difficult to explain fully. Here, the FORC diagrams of several magnetic nanowire (MNW) arrays are modeled and discussed. The focus is on how the MNW arrangement (i.e. hexagonal, random, and square) and imperfections (i.e. variation of coercivity, Hc) effects interaction fields (Hu) between MNWs, as well as switching events and FORC diagram features. Hu in hexagonal arrangements is higher than those in square or random arrangements because hexagonal is a close-packed arrangement, so there are more nearest neighbors. Furthermore, the FORC diagrams features were dictated not only by the Hu and Hc values but also by their standard deviation ratios (σu /σc), where “Wish-bone” features were observed for σu /σc ≤ 1 and “T-shape” features were observed for σu /σc ≥ 5.
CAI is DOA.

The Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI) that was borne but not formally blessed by China and the European Union in late December 2020 is unlikely to survive in its current form, if it survives at all. In fact, there is good reason to believe that the CAI is DOA – dead on arrival – due to EU sanctions and Chinese countersanctions related to China’s persecution of its Uyghur minority; criticism of the negotiated agreement; and changing political calculations by Beijing and among EU member states.
The Refugee as “Limit-Concept” in the Modern Nation-State

This chapter contrasts the work of two of the most influential contemporary international voices on behalf of refugees, migrants and asylum seekers: Giorgio Agamben and Pope Francis. The work of Giorgio Agamben is at the centre of contemporary critical theory on the political status, treatment and plight of refugees, migrants and asylum seekers. Agamben identifies issues that impede progress in the contemporary understanding and response to refugees and the challenge their presence brings to the modern nation-state. The first part of the chapter locates the figure of the refugee within Agamben’s larger philosophical, legal and political project, identifying how that figure brings the principles of the nation-state to radical crisis. The second part of the chapter examines a selection of Pope Francis’ statements and comments on the status of migrants and refugees in light of Agamben’s analysis of the refugee crisis and its integral connection to the nation-state. This section highlights the limitations and inherent problems in the way that Pope Francis seeks to address this crisis, focusing on three topics: his appeal to Universal Human Rights; his use of liberal humanitarian (and theological) discourses; and the relation of the Holy See (the Vatican) to the nation-states of the world.
Digital and Interactive Marketing Communications in Sports

Sport communication is defined as “a process by which people in sport, in a sport setting, or through a sport endeavor, share symbols as they create meaning through interaction” (Pedersen et al. 20...
A Two-stage Stochastic Model Considering Randomness of Demand in Variable Speed Limit and Boundary Flow Control

The combination of boundary flow control and variable speed limit (VSL) is a widely used strategy for highway corridors to maintain safety and throughput when the capacity downstream is dropped. However, most proposed models assume fixed and known demand, which is not always true in reality. Following a recently proposed boundary flow and VSL control model that is based on the Lax-Hopf solution to the Lighthill-Whitham-Richards (LWR) model, this paper proposes a two-stage stochastic model to tackle the uncertainties in demand. Our model assumes the demand follows a discrete distribution and the speed limit can be chosen from a pre-defined set with reasonable values. The first stage tries to find the optimal inflow control, which is the here-and-now decision, by considering the speed limit control downstream, and the second stage is to determine the optimal speed limit after observing the real demand. Those controls are coordinated by using a rolling horizon scheme. The case study shows the proposed model outperforms three deterministic models, which use the minimum, mean value and maximum of the demand as model input, under various scenarios. With ensuring the maximum of throughput, the proposed model is demonstrated to be able to reduce the fluctuation of entry flow without a significant increase in blocked vehicles.
In the zone: towards detecting student zoning out using supervised machine learning

This paper explores automatically detecting student zoning out while performing a spoken learning task Standard supervised machine learning techniques were used to create classification models, built on prosodic and lexical features Our results suggest these features create models that can outperform a Bag of Words baseline.
Colorblind Must Not Mean Blind to the Realities Facing Black Children

This discussion identiaes the statistical realities resulting from institutionalized racism and foregrounding the challenges to ensuring the welfare of Black children. It then identiaes speciac instances where policy and law makers should reconsider rules and objectives, while keeping in mind the ultimate effects imposed on children and their family systems of support.
Safety of a liberal policy for extended-date preadmission testing samples.

Background Regulations governing pretransfusion testing allow specimen expiration to be extended past 3 days before the transfusion if a patient has not been transfused or pregnant in the preceding 3 months. Our hospital allows extension of the expiration of a presurgical specimen to 28 days if 1) the patient has neither been transfused nor pregnant in the past 3 months, 2) the patient does not have an antibody history, and 3) the current antibody screen (ABSC) is negative. Patients not meeting Criteria 2 and 3 are required to have specimens redrawn on the day of surgery (DOS). We evaluated the necessity of this policy. Study Design and Methods From October 2009 to September 2010, there were 132 patients who did not meet the above criteria for specimen extension. Equivalent tests were performed on preadmission testing (PAT) and DOS specimens, and the results were compared. Results The majority (113, 86%) of the samples redrawn on the DOS showed no change in antibody serology upon reinvestigation. Of the remaining patients, DOS specimens did not identify any new antibodies or change in blood product choices. Conclusion Of the PAT specimens rejected for antibody history or positive ABSC, none had new significant serologic findings on DOS. Based on these results, requiring a repeat specimen on the DOS may not be clinically necessary. Our facility changed the PAT policy to extend specimen acceptability to patients with red blood cell antibody history or positive ABSC at time of PAT. A 6-month follow-up period showed that this practice is safe.
Abstract 3745: The dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 is a potent inhibitor of ATM- and DNA-PKcs-mediated DNA damage responses

Inhibitors of PI3K/Akt signaling are being actively developed for tumor therapy due to the frequent mutational activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 pathway in many cancers, including glioblastomas (GBMs). NVP-BEZ235 is a novel and potent inhibitor of PI3K/Akt signaling that is currently in phase I/II clinical trials. BEZ235 is reported to specifically inhibit PI3Ks and mTOR with little effect on other kinases. However, we find that BEZ235 also potently inhibits the two major kinases responding to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), ATM and DNA-PKcs, both in vitro and in vivo. Consequently, BEZ235 blocks both non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair pathways, resulting in significant attenuation of DSB repair. Additionally, phosphorylation of ATM targets and implementation of the G2/M cell cycle checkpoint are also attenuated by this drug. The consequence is profound radiosensitization at very low concentrations (100 nM) of BEZ235. This radiosensitizing effect is significantly more potent than that seen with much higher concentrations (10 μm) of inhibitors of DNA-PKcs or ATM that are currently being optimized for clinical testing. Since radiotherapy is the standard of care for GBM, we investigated the potential utility of BEZ235 as a radiosensitizing agent in a panel of GBM lines. We find that BEZ235 treatment confers an extreme degree of radiosensitization and significantly attenuates DSB repair irrespective of Akt activation status in these lines. Finally, we show that BEZ235 also significantly impairs DSB repair in a mouse tumor model thereby validating the efficacy of this drug in vivo. Our results, showing that BEZ235 is a potent and novel inhibitor of ATM and DNA-PKcs, have important implications for the informed and rational design of clinical trials involving this drug and also reveal the potential clinical utility of BEZ235 as an effective radiosensitizer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3745. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3745
Exact spectrum of the two-dimensional rigid rotator in external fields. I. Stark effect

An exact solution of the two-dimensional rigid rotator in a static uniform electric field of arbitrary strength is given. The eigenvalue spectrum is found to consist of the characteristic values of the even-index Mathieu functions of $\ensuremath{\pi}$ periodicity. At low field strengths $\mathsc{E}$ the double degeneracy of the rotational states $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}m$ is broken in order ${\mathcal{E}}^{2m}$. The broken degeneracy persists for arbitrary field strength. Results are compared with perturbation theory.