cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic or duodenal resection or both for advanced carcinoma of the right colon: is it justified?

PURPOSE: The role of extended resections for locally advanced carcinomas of the right colon infiltrating duodenum and pancreas remains unclear. This investigation was undertaken to review our experience with pancreatic head or duodenal resections for advanced right-sided colon cancer. METHODS: The clinical, pathologic, and follow-up details of eight patients with bulky primary carcinomas of the right colon infiltrating the duodenum (n=4) or pancreatic head (n=4) surgically managed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center between 1986 and 1998 were reviewed. RESULTS: Six patients presented with anemia, and one patient each with epigastric pain and an abdominal mass. All patients had T4 lesions, whereas five had lymph node metastases at presentation. All patients were resected with clear pathologic margins either by right colectomy anden bloc duodenectomy (n=4), oren bloc pancreaticoduodenectomy (n=4). The 30-day mortality rate was zero. Six patients remained alive and free of disease at a median follow-up of 26 months, and there was one long-term survivor who was alive and free of disease at 84 months after resection. CONCLUSION: Extended resection for localized primary colonic carcinoma invading pancreas or duodenum can be undertaken safely and is associated with prolonged survival time.
Discounted Payback Period — A Viable Complement to Net Present Value for Projects with Conventional Cash Flows

(1989). Discounted Payback Period — A Viable Complement to Net Present Value for Projects with Conventional Cash Flows. The Journal of Cost Analysis: Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 43-53.
Phosphorylation of extracellular domains of T-lymphocyte surface proteins. Constitutive serine and threonine phosphorylation of the T cell antigen receptor ectodomains

The extracellular accumulation of ATP after activation of T-lymphocytes, as well as the presence of ecto-protein kinases in these cells, led us to propose that T cell surface receptors could be regulated through the reversible phosphorylation of their extracellular domains (ectodomains). Here, in a model system, we used T cell transfectants which express T cell antigen receptor chains lacking intracellular and transmembrane protein domains and 32Pi metabolic labeling of cells to definitively demonstrate phosphorylation of ectodomains of T cell surface proteins. We show that alphabetaTCR ectodomains were phosphorylated intracellularly and constitutively on serine and threonine residues and were then expressed on the T cell surface in phosphorylated form. TCR ectodomains also could be phosphorylated at the cell surface when extracellular [gamma-32P]ATP or [gamma-32P]GTP were used as phosphate donors with the same cells. Consensus phosphorylation sites for serine and threonine protein kinases were found to be strongly evolutionary conserved in both alpha and beta TCR chains constant regions. These results are consistent with the hypothesis, where T cell surface proteins which are phosphorylated intracellularly on their ectodomains, could subsequently be expressed at the cell surface and then be reversibly modified by ectoprotein phosphatase(s) and by ectokinase(s). Such modifications may change T cells cognate interactions by, e.g. affecting TCR-multimolecular complex formation and antigen binding affinity. It is suggested that alphabetaTCR ectodomain phosphorylation could serve as a potential mechanism for regulation of alphabetaTCR-mediated T-lymphocytes response.
Geochemical Cycles in Sediments Deposited on the Slopes of the Guaymas and Carmen Basins of the Gulf of California Over the Last 180 Years

Sediments deposited on the slopes of the Guaymas and Carmen Basins in the central Gulf of California were recovered in two box cores. Q-mode factor analyses identified detrital-clastic, carbonate, and redox associations in the elemental composition of these sediments. The detrital-clastic fraction appears to contain two source components, a more mafic component presumably derived from the Sierra Madre Occidental along the west coast of Mexico, and a more felsic component most likely derived from sedimentary rocks (mostly sandstones) of the Colorado Plateau and delivered by the Colorado River. The sediments also contain significant siliceous biogenic components and minor calcareous biogenic components, but those components were not quantified in this study. Redox associations were identified in both cores based on relatively high concentrations of molybdenum, which is indicative of deposition under conditions of sulfate reduction. Decreases in concentrations of molybdenum in younger sediments suggest that the bottom waters of the Gulf have became more oxygenated over the last 100 years. Many geochemical components in both box cores exhibit distinct cyclicity with periodicities of 10–20 years. The most striking are 20-year cycles in the more mafic components (e.g., titanium), particularly in sediments deposited during the 19th century. In that century, the titanium cycles are in very good agreement with warm phases of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, implying that at times of greater influx of titanium-rich
Bypass de vena subclavia a orejuela derecha sin esternotomía para mantenimiento acceso arteriovenoso en pacientes con oclusión venosa central

Debido al numero cada vez mayor de pacientes que requieren hemodialisis cronica, inevitablemente hay una poblacion creciente con compromiso de abordajes arteriovenosos en la extremidad superior por oclusion del flujo de drenaje venoso central (subclavia, tronco innominado y vena cava superior). En un esfuerzo por evitar la esternotomia, hemos tratado a estos pacientes con un bypass desde vena subclavia hasta auricula derecha tunelizado por debajo del esternon. Los pacientes tratados de este modo presentaban una fistula arteriovenosa con hipertension arterial venosa sintomatica por obstruccion venosa central completa, una vena subclavia/axilar permeable a nivel de la union costoclavicular y ninguna otra alternativa de construccion de acceso vascular en la extremidad superior. La tecnica consistio en una claviculectomia para identificar la vena subclavia; a traves de una “minipericardiotomia” en el tercer espacio intercostal, se expuso la orejuela derecha, y a traves de un tunel retroesternal, se efectuo un bypass desde la vena subclavia hasta la orejuela auricular. Entre febrero de 2004 y marzo de 2007, 11 pacientes de 20-70 anos de edad (media 46) se sometieron a dicho procedimiento en nuestro centro. Tres bypass se efectuaron con vena autologa (dos femorales y una safena), mientras que ocho se realizaron con politetrafluoroetileno en un esfuerzo por preservar la vena femoral superficial ante una eventual necesidad de otros procedimientos de revascularizacion. Hubo un caso de mortalidad precoz debido a sepsis y la morbilidad precoz se limito a un derrame pericardico sintomatico en un paciente. El seguimiento medio fue de 16 (limites 3-43) meses. El 67% y 33% de las fistulas arteriovenosas permanecian funcionantes a los 6 y 10 meses, respectivamente, y la fistula de un paciente seguia funcionando a los 21 meses. Desarrollaron estenosis u oclusion del bypass central cuatro pacientes (36%); uno requirio un nuevo bypass y tres, angioplastia. En dos pacientes (18%) se produjeron infecciones locales, siendo necesaria la reseccion del injerto venoso autologo en uno. Aunque un numero significativo de estos bypass fracaso, el abordaje en la extremidad superior se mantiene en un numero razonable de pacientes (67% a los 6 meses) que no son candidatos a una correccion local o a la implantacion de un stent y que, por lo tanto, no tendrian otras opciones de abordaje en la extremidad superior. Esta tecnica ofrece una alternativa a la esternotomia y la reconstruccion de la vena humero-cefalica, aunque, para evaluar la superioridad de un metodo sobre el otro, se requerira una comparacion directa.
Review of recent progress in the development of Ferroelectric generators

Ferroelectric Generators (FEGs) are compact explosive driven high voltage generators. They consist of a small explosive charge, ferroelectric ceramic, and output circuit. There has been and continues to be very active Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) programs to develop FEGs as very compact power supplies for a variety of loads including antennas, neutron generators, and detonator arrays. In this paper, we will report on some of our recent efforts to improve the performance of FEGs and their components.
Measurement of interfacial and surface tensions in polymer systems

Princen's modification of Vonnegut's rotating drop procedure for measuring inter-facial tension between low viscosity liquids has been adapted for use with pairs of liquid polymers with viscosities up to 5000 poise. Extrapolation to infinite time of results obtained with 10–20 min of rotation provided steady state data as indicated by its corre-spondence with results reported from other techniques. An adaptation of this procedure was also found useful for determining surface tension values of molten polymers at temperatures up to 290°C. Reductions of 60–70% in interfacial tension between viscous samples of a polydimethylsiloxane and a copolyether were accomplished by addition of 1–2% of amphi-pathic or polar compounds such as polydimethylsiloxane-polyoxyethylene copolymers and carboxyl-substituted polydimethylsiloxanes. A linear reduction in interfacial tension with a logarithmic increase of additive concentration was noted.
Source apportionment methods applied to the determination of the origin of ambient aerosols that affect visibility in forested areas

An aerosol characterization, visibility, and receptor modeling study was conducted in the Shenandoah Valley, VA between 14 July and 15 August 1980. The objectives of this study were to: (1) determine the origin of the ambient particles, (2) determine the major chemical species contributing to the light extinction coefficient, (3) evaluate analytical methods to characterize aerosols and (4) provide data for comparison with chemical composition of aerosols collected in the Great Smoky Mountains and in the Abastumani Mountains of Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic. The average sulfate concentrations measured in fine particles (<2.5μm) at these three locations were: 12.0μgm−3 at Great Smoky Mountains; 13.6 μg m−3 at Shenandoah Valley, and 4.6 μg m−3 at Abastumani Mountains; the fractions of sulfate in the fine particle mass concentrations at each site were 0.50,0.50 and 0.38, respectively. For the two studies in the United States, the fine particle sulfate during sulfate maxima was mostly in the form of ammonium acid sulfate. Factor analysis of the fine aerosol composition measured in the Shenandoah Valley yielded a persistent factor containing large loadings on mass, SO2−4, S, NH+4, H+, Se and total nitrate (sum of particulate nitrate and nitric acid), which is characteristic of coal-fired sources. This factor analysis grouping along with additional emissions information suggests that coal-fired power plants are the principal source of sulfate and nitrate.
Substrate utilization during exercise in postmenopausal women on hormone replacement therapy.

It has been suggested that due to the slight direct or indirect effect of estrogen on lipolytic activity, the age-related decrease in production associated with the menopause may heighten the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disease in women. While hormone replacement therapy (HRT) alone may have little or no effect on body mass in postmenopausal women, data suggest it can alter the shift toward abdominal adiposity. Furthermore, estrogen may have a synergistic effect on exercise-induced reduction in fat mass. Accordingly, the purpose of this investigation was to examine the potential influence of HRT on substrate utilization during 30 min of treadmill exercise at approximately 80% maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) in postmenopausal women. Eight women were receiving HRT and nine women were not (NHRT). No significant differences between the HRT and NHRT groups were noted for age, body mass, body fat, V˙O2max or the percentage of V˙O2max maintained during exercise. Expired gas samples were analyzed every 30 s to determine respiratory exchange ratio (R) and %V˙O2max. The R, total energy expended and percentage contributions from fats and carbohydrate were averaged over three periods during the exercise (min 1–10, 11–20, and 21–30). There was no effect of HRT on R, total energy expended or substrate contribution. Thus, treatment of postmenopausal women using HRT (primarily conjugated equine estrogens in doses of 0.625–1.25 mg·day–1) did not appear to affect the percentages of fat and carbohydrate utilized during 30 min of treadmill exercise at 80% of V˙O2max. However, the exercise responses in this group of menopausal women were consistent with a duration-dependent increased reliance on fat as an energy source during exercise of moderate to vigorous intensity as has been demonstrated in younger populations.
Mathematical analyses of ac voltammetry of a surface confined redox process

Analytical expressions were derived for the harmonics of the current response to an ac voltage input, when the rate-determining process is a redox reaction of a couple confined to the electrode surface. Some input/output phase relations such as functions of the heterogeneous electron transfer rate and the re-organization energy are illustrated.
Post Audit of a Numerical Prediction of Wellfield Drawdown in a Semiconfined Aquifer System

A numerical ground water flow model was created in 1978 and revised in 1981 to predict the drawdown effects of a proposed municipal wellfield permitted to withdraw 30 million gallons per day (mgd; 1.1 × 105 m3/day) of water from the semiconfined Floridan Aquifer system. The predictions are based on the assumption that water levels in the semiconfined Floridan Aquifer reach a long-term, steady-state condition within a few days of initiation of pumping. Using this assumption, a 75 day simulation without water table recharge, pumping at the maximum permitted rates, was considered to represent a worst-case condition and the greatest drawdowns that could be experienced during wellfield operation. This method of predicting wellfield effects was accepted by the permitting agency. For this post audit, observed drawdowns were derived by taking the difference between pre-pumping and post-pumping potentiometric surface levels. Comparison of predicted and observed drawdowns suggests that actual drawdown over a 12 year period exceeds predicted drawdown by a factor of two or more. Analysis of the source of error in the 1981 predictions suggests that the values used for transmissivity, storativity. specific yield, and leakance are reasonable at the wellfield scale. Simulation using actual 1980–1992 pumping rates improves the agreement between predicted and observed drawdowns. The principal source of error is the assumption that water levels in a semiconfined aquifer achieve a steady-state condition after a few days or weeks of pumping. Simulations using a version of the 1981 model modified to include recharge and evapotranspiration suggest that it can take hundreds of days or several years for water levels in the linked Surficial and Floridan Aquifers to reach an apparent steady-state condition, and that slow declines in levels continue for years after the initiation of pumping. While the 1981 “impact” model can be used for reasonably predicting short-term, wellfield-scale effects of pumping, using a 75 day long simulation without recharge to predict the long-term behavior of the wellfield was an inappropriate application, resulting in significant underprediction of wellfield effects.
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Mechanics During Cyclic Stretch: Effect of Serum and a Serum Substitute

Remodeling of arteries in response to altered loads is an area of intense interest to cardio-vascular clinicians and researchers. In humans, changes due to cardiovascular diseases (e.g. aortic dilatation) may occur slowly over many years, and mathematical models that describe the remodeling response are needed for predicting the course, and possible treatment, of these diseases. Recently, Humphrey and co-workers have proposed constrained mixture models [1] that consider local stresses in the arterial wall to be the sum of contributions from collagen, elastic fibers, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). While numerous studies (e.g., [2]) have considered the active response of VSMCs in large arteries under quasi-static conditions, little is known about the mechanical response of VSMCs to continuous cyclic stretch. We have chosen 3-D bio-artificial tissue constructs as a model system in which to study the response of VSMCs to continuous cyclic stretch. However, VSMCs undergo a shift from a contractile phenotype to a de-differentiated phenotype during culture [3]. Some investigators have suggested that serum deprivation can induce re-differentiation toward a more contractile phenotype [4, 5]. The goal of our study was to compare the effect of incubation conditions on the active responses of VSMCs in 3-D tissue constructs to continuous cyclic stretch.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Near-optimal navigation of high speed mobile robots on uneven terrain

This paper proposes a method for near-optimal navigation of high speed mobile robots on uneven terrain. The method relies on a layered control strategy. A high-level planning layer generates an optimal desired trajectory through uneven terrain. A low-level navigation layer guides a robot along the desired trajectory via a potential field-based control algorithm. The high-level planner is guaranteed to yield optimal trajectories but is computationally intensive. The low-level navigation layer is sub-optimal but computationally efficient. To guard against failures at the navigation layer, a model-based lookahead approach is employed that utilizes a reduced form of the optimal trajectory generation algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed method can successfully navigate a mobile robot over uneven terrain while avoiding hazards. A comparison of the methodpsilas performance to a similar algorithm is also presented.
Dynamic fault detection and accommodation for dissipative distributed processes

This paper proposes a nonlinear detection observer for the component fault detection and accommodation of nonlinear distributed processes. Specifically, the proposed results constitute an extension to previous work which utilized a linear observer for both detection and diagnosis of component faults for the same class of nonlinear distributed processes. An advantage of the proposed nonlinear observer is not simply the inclusion of nonlinear dynamics terms in the detection and diagnostic observers, but also the inclusion of such additional information in the expression for the dynamic residual threshold. Such an improved version of a dynamic threshold contributes to the robustness of the detection scheme and minimizes fault detection time. Finally, an adaptive diagnostic observer is proposed that is subsequently utilized in an automated control reconfiguration scheme that accommodates the component faults.
Search for top squarks at the Fermilab Tevatron collider.

The lighter superpartner of the top quark (t${\mathrm{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}}_{1}$) may be considerably lighter than squarks of the first two generations, and hence may be accessible to Fermilab Tevatron collider searches, even if the other squarks and the gluino are too heavy. For the range of ${\mathit{m}}_{\mathit{t}\mathrm{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}1}$ of interest at the Tevatron, the t${\mathrm{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}}_{1}$ decays to a chargino via t${\mathrm{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}}_{1}$\ensuremath{\rightarrow}bW${\mathrm{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}}_{1}$ if this is kinematically allowed; otherwise, the flavor-changing loop decay t${\mathrm{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}}_{1}$\ensuremath{\rightarrow}cZ${\mathrm{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}}_{1}$ dominates. In the latter case, t${\mathrm{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}}_{1}$ production is signaled by jet(s) plus E${\mathrm{/}}_{\mathit{T}}$ events. If, instead, the chargino decay is allowed, 1l+b jets+E${\mathrm{/}}_{\mathit{T}}$ and ${\mathit{l}}^{+}$l${\mathcal{'}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$+jet(s)+E${\mathrm{/}}_{\mathit{T}}$ events from leptonic decays of W${\mathrm{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}}_{1}$ provide the most promising signals. We perform detailed simulations for each of these signals using isaget 7.07 and devise cuts to enable the extraction of each of these signals above standard model backgrounds from vector boson or top quark production. With an integrated luminosity of 100 ${\mathrm{pb}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, experiments should be able to probe top squark masses up to \ensuremath{\sim}100 GeV in each of these channels; the detection of the signal in the single lepton channel, however, requires reasonable capability to tag displaced b decay vertices in the central region.
Excretion of varicella-herpes zoster virus in breast milk

Abstract Two cases involving breast-feeding and variceila-herpes zoster virus infection are presented. The possibility of viral excretion in the breast milk and its effects on continued breast-feeding are discussed. In neither case was the virus isolated from the breast milk.
Asthma action plans and patient satisfaction among women with asthma

Background: Asthma action plans (AAPs) are a priority recommendation of the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program and have been shown to positively affect health outcomes. Patient satisfaction is an important clinical outcome, yet little is known about its association with receiving an AAP. This study examined the association between having an AAP and behaviors to keep asthma in control and patient satisfaction with care. Methods: The study design was a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a randomized trial evaluating a self-management program among 808 women with asthma. Participants reported demographic information, interactions with clinicians, whether they had an AAP and owned a peak fl ow meter, self-management behaviors, and symptoms. Results: The mean age of the participants was 48 13.6 years, 84% (n 5 670) were satisfi ed with their asthma care, and 48% (n 5 383) had a written AAP from their physician. Women not having an AAP were less likely to take asthma medication as prescribed [ x 2 (1) 5 13.68, P , .001], to initiate a discussion about asthma with their physicians [ x 2 (1) 5 26.35, P , .001], and to own a peak fl ow meter [ x 2 (1) 5 77.84, P , .001]. Adjusting for asthma control, income, and medical specialty, women who did not have an AAP were more likely to report dissatisfaction with their asthma care (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.35-3.17; P , .001). Conclusions: Women without an AAP were less likely to initiate discussions with their physicians, take medications as prescribed, and own a peak fl ow meter to monitor asthma, all considered important self-management behaviors. They were also less satisfi ed with their care. Not having an AAP may affect interactions between patient and physician and clinical outcomes. CHEST 2012; 142(5):1143–1149
Temporal profiles of nuclear receptor gene expression reveal coordinate transcriptional responses during Drosophila development.

The recent completion of the Drosophila genome sequence revealed 21 members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Many of these genes are transcriptionally regulated by the steroid hormone ecdysone and play a role during the onset of metamorphosis, including the EcR/USP ecdysone receptor heterodimer. As a first step toward a genomic analysis of this gene family, we have characterized the temporal patterns of expression for all detectable nuclear receptor transcripts throughout major ecdysone-regulated developmental transitions in the life cycle: embryogenesis, a larval molt, puparium formation, and the prepupal-pupal transition. We find an unexpected close temporal relationship between DHR3, E75B, and βFTZ-F1 expression after each major ecdysone pulse examined, reflecting the known cross-regulatory interactions of these genes in prepupae and suggesting that they act together at other stages in the life cycle. In addition, E75A, E78B, and DHR4 are expressed in a reproducible manner with DHR3, E75B, and βFTZ...
Barriers to Sea Turtle Nesting on Florida (United States) Beaches: Linear Extent and Changes Following Storms

Abstract Florida (United States) beaches serve as globally important nesting habitat for protected species of sea turtles. Following coastal development, portions of this habitat have become inaccessible to nesting sea turtles due to coastal armoring and other barriers. To assess nesting habitat quality, we randomly selected beaches totaling 80.45 km in each of four regions of Florida (northeast, southeast, northwest, and southwest) and surveyed them for potential barriers to nesting during the period of April 2001 to May 2002 (total surveyed coastline = 321.8 km). Potential barriers to nesting were found in 78 forms on sampled beaches, including seawalls, revetments, sand bags or tubes, sand fences, access structures, recreational equipment, and buildings. We determined the position and extent of structures using a differential global positioning system. Surveyed beaches made up 24.5% of Florida's sandy coastline and were sampled to be regionally representative. In an assessment summed for all regions,...
Polymer nanocomposite foams

Polymer nanocomposite foams, polymer foams with nanoparticles, are an intriguing class of materials with unique structure and properties. The shape, size and surface chemistry of nanoparticles can be tailored to control the foam structure, and therefore, foam properties. Nanoparticles also add functionality to polymer foams. In this paper, we briefly review the recent developments in polymer nanocomposites and nanocomposite foams. This is followed by an extensive discussion regarding the role of nanoparticles in foam morphology and properties. Finally, the current and future trends of polymer nanocomposite foams are summarized. Both challenges and opportunities in this field are discussed.
γ/δ T cells and α/β T cells differ in their developmental patterns of receptor expression and modulation requirements

Measurement of the cell surface levels of gamma/delta (TcR 1) and alpha/beta (TcR 2) T cell receptors in the chicken revealed that thymocyte subpopulations that express these receptor isotypes differ remarkably in their rates of receptor acquisition. Whereas TcR 1 expression was relatively high (greater than 10(4) sites per cell) beginning on day 12 of embryonic life, the initial levels of TcR 2 expression on embryonic thymocytes were relatively low (approximately 10(3) sites per cell) when first measurable on day 15, and increased gradually as a function of T cell maturation. In peripheral tissues, the TcR 1 cells also expressed higher receptor levels than did the TcR 2 cells, but the difference was only 2-3-fold. The TcR 2 receptors on immature T cells could be easily modulated by receptor cross-linkage, very much like immunoglobulin receptors on immature B cells. While the TcR 2 receptor modulation occurred within minutes, TcR 1 receptor modulation required several hours for completion, even in the embryonic thymus. The data indicate very different developmental programs for TcR 1 and TcR 2 expression, and suggest fundamental differences in clonal selection modes for the two T cell subpopulations.
A Ferroelectric and Charge Hybrid Nonvolatile Memory—Part II: Experimental Validation and Analysis

Part I of this article introduced the concept and operation of the novel hybrid memory, integrating ferroelectric polarization and nonvolatile charge injection. In Part II, we demonstrate the experimental validation of this hybrid design. One-transistor memory cells were fabricated with polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene [P(VDF-TrFE)] as the ferroelectric and HfO2 as the charge trap layer. Hybrid devices showed larger memory window and longer retention time compared to conventional FE-FETs with the same effective oxide thickness. Pulsed measurements were performed on metal-ferroelectric-metal capacitors to estimate switching delay in the P(VDF-TrFE) thin film. Field enhancement in the tunnel oxide resulted in pronounced electron injection from the gate compared with gate injection Flash memory cells. Hybrid devices also exhibited higher program efficiencies against the FE-FET due to the contribution from these injected electrons. The presence of the tunnel oxide in hybrid devices showed over 20t reduction in gate leakage, which resulted in 100 t improvement in cycling endurance against FE-FETs.
Individualism, Holism, and the Market Mentality: Notes on the Recollections of a Chinese Entrepreneur

So, in 1955, that time I was very young ... nineteen or twenty like that. When my mother fell sick . . . she is very sick lying nearly half dead. Then she told me that, see I don't think I can pass this time. ... So I heard it, then I cry, then I pray to God, even if I die, let the sickness fall upon me... So I fell sick, I was down for a week's time. ... It is so hot, I am so thirsty also, because of high fever. But in my mind I was very happy because I see my mother getting better. . .. And then, after a week or ten days, so I recovered from my sickness. ...
Translating Chapel to Use FREERIDE: A Case Study in Using an HPC Language for Data-Intensive Computing

In the last few years, the growing significance of data-intensive computing has been closely tied to the emergence and popularity of new programming paradigms for this class of applications, including Map-Reduce, and new high-level languages for data-intensive computing. The ultimate goal of these efforts in data-intensive computing has been to achieve parallelism with as little effort as possible, while supporting high efficiency and scalability. While these are also the goals that the parallel language/compiler community has tried meeting for the past several decades, the development of languages and programming systems for data-intensive computing has largely been in isolation to the developments in general parallel programming. Such independent developments in the two areas, i.e., data-intensive computing and high productivity languages lead to the following questions: I) Are HPC languages suitable for expressing data-intensive computations? and if so, II.a) What are the issues in using them for effective parallel programming? or, if not, II.b) What characteristics of data-intensive computations force the need for separate language support?. This paper takes a case study to address these questions. Particularly, we study the suitability of Chapel for expressing data-intensive computations. We also examine compilation techniques required for directly invoking a data-intensive middleware from Chapel's compilation system. The data-intensive middleware we use in this effort is FREERIDE that has been developed at Ohio State. We show how certain transformations can enable efficient invocation of the FREERIDE functions from the Chapel compiler. Our experiments show that after certain optimizations, the performance of the version of Chapel compiler that invokes FREERIDE functions is quite comparable to the performance of hand-written data-intensive applications.
Reed-Solomon error control coding for data transmission over personal communication networks

The performance of a Reed-Solomon hybrid automatic repeat request (RS/HARQ) error control system over slowly fading channels with feedback is examined. The RS/HARQ system uses erasure decoding in a hybrid-ARQ protocol to provide excellent reliability performance at the expense of a negligible-to-moderate reduction in throughput. This protocol allows for the variation of the erasure threshold and the effective diameter of the decoding operations, providing a powerful, flexible error control system for mobile radio applications. >
Can satellite glial cells be therapeutic targets for pain control

Satellite glial cells (SGCs) undergo phenotypic changes and divide the following injury into a peripheral nerve. Nerve injury, also elicits an immune response and several antigen-presenting cells are found in close proximity to SGCs. Silencing SCG-specific molecules involved in intercellular transport (Connexin 43) or glutamate recycling (glutamine synthase) can dramatically alter nociceptive responses of normal and nerve-injured rats. Transducing SGCs with glutamic acid decarboxylase can produce analgesia in models of trigeminal pain. Taken together these data suggest that SGCs may play a role in the genesis or maintenance of pain and open a range of new possibilities for curing neuropathic pain.
Teacher Work Tasks as Forms of Resistance and Accommodation to Structural Factors of Schooling

Seeming contradictions in teachers' behavior and perspectives of their work and that of administrators.
The contribution of social network sites to exposure to political difference: The relationships among SNSs, online political messaging, and exposure to cross-cutting perspectives

The increasing popularity of social network sites (SNSs) has raised questions about the role of social network media in the democratic process. This study explores how use of SNSs influences individuals' exposure to political difference. The findings show a positive and significant relationship between SNSs and exposure to challenging viewpoints, supporting the idea that SNSs contribute to individuals' exposure to cross-cutting political points of view. Partisanship was not found to interact with SNS use, suggesting that SNSs contribute to expanding exposure to dissimilar political views across individuals' partisanship. Online political messaging also has a direct effect on exposure to dissimilar viewpoints, and it mediates the association between SNSs and exposure to cross-cutting political views.
Descriptive Epidemiology and Attributable Morbidity of Ventilator-Associated Events

Objective. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention implemented new surveillance definitions for ventilator-associated events (VAEs) in January 2013. We describe the epidemiology, attributable morbidity, and attributable mortality of VAEs. Design. Retrospective cohort study. Setting. Academic tertiary care center. Patients. All patients initiated on mechanical ventilation between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2011. Methods. We calculated and compared VAE hazard ratios, antibiotic exposures, microbiology, attributable morbidity, and attributable mortality for all VAE tiers. Results. Among 20,356 episodes of mechanical ventilation, there were 1,141 (5.6%) ventilator-associated condition (VAC) events, 431 (2.1%) infection-related ventilator-associated complications (IVACs), 139 (0.7%) possible pneumonias, and 127 (0.6%) probable pneumonias. VAC hazard rates were highest in medical, surgical, and thoracic units and lowest in cardiac and neuroscience units. The median number of days to VAC onset was 6 (interquartile range, 4–11). The proportion of IVACs to VACs ranged from 29% in medical units to 42% in surgical units. Patients with probable pneumonia were more likely to be prescribed nafcillin, ceftazidime, and fluroquinolones compared with patients with possible pneumonia or IVAC-alone. The most frequendy isolated organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (29%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14%), and Enterobacter species (7.9%). Compared with matched controls, VAEs were associated with more days to extubation (relative rate, 3.12 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.96–3.29]), more days to hospital discharge (relative rate, 1.46 [95% CI, 1.37–1.55]), and higher hospital mortality risk (odds ratio, 1.98 [95% CI, 1.60–2.44]). Conclusions. VAEs are common and morbid. Prevention strategies targeting VAEs are needed.
Role of chemopreventive agents in cancer therapy.

Abstract Tumorigenesis or carcinogenesis is a multi-step process that is induced primarily by carcinogens leading to the development of cancer. Extensive research in the last few years has revealed that regular consumption of certain fruits and vegetables can reduce the risk of acquiring specific cancers. Phytochemicals derived from such fruits and vegetables, referred to as chemopreventive agents include genistein, resveratrol, diallyl sulfide, S-allyl cysteine, allicin, lycopene, capsaicin, curcumin, 6-gingerol, ellagic acid, ursolic acid, silymarin, anethol, catechins and eugenol. Because these agents have been shown to suppress cancer cell proliferation, inhibit growth factor signaling pathways, induce apoptosis, inhibit NF-κB, AP-1 and JAK-STAT activation pathways, inhibit angiogenesis, suppress the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, inhibit cyclooxygenase-2, they may have untapped therapeutic value. These chemopreventive agents also have very recently been found to reverse chemoresistance and radioresistance in patients undergoing cancer treatment. Thus, these chemopreventive agents have potential to be used as adjuncts to current cancer therapies.
Negotiating While Black

With America’s increasing multicultural population and some purported beliefs that we have approached a post-racial society, the ability to recognize that race still matters is an important factor in negotiations. This paper attempts to capture and describe as much of the key literature and cases as recently as of July 2015 that identify the unique experiences for black persons in negotiation. The paper uses a workplace hypothetical and aspects of critical race analysis regarding covering and stereotype threat to make some suggestions to address these challenges especially in salary negotiations.
Evaluating Cryptic Female Choice in Highly Promiscuous Tribolium Beetles

Tribolium flour beetles have been an important model organism for the study of postcopulatory sexual selection. These beetles are representative of many insects that live in high-density aggregations and therefore experience frequent mating opportunities. However, unlike many such insects, Tribolium females are extremely polyandrous and seemingly promiscuous as they engage in frequent matings without any apparent pre-mating courtship ritual. Instead, intrasexual competition as well as intersexual mate/paternity choices occurs primarily during and after copulation. Here, we review the evidence for at least four cryptic female choice (CFC) mechanisms in Tribolium that may affect how offspring paternity is apportioned among a female’s mates. By comparing live to freshly euthanized females (both readily mated by males), studies reveal that during mating, females reject spermatophore transfer or limit sperm numbers transferred by inferior males. Re-mating with additional males is another CFC mechanism, and mated Tribolium females will more readily accept a spermatophore from males that are more attractive than their previous mate. Finally, Tribolium females may also use the timing of spermatophore ejection after mating to bias offspring paternity. Tribolium life history and mating system traits (including long adult life, continuous egg-laying , and frequent re-mating) suggest that females are unlikely to be harmed by multiple matings . Indeed, there exists little experimental evidence for the cost of polyandry to females, and the Tribolium mating system appears to lack many elements that would indicate sexually antagonistic coevolution . The multiple CFC mechanisms demonstrated in Tribolium may stem from females’ inability to effectively assess males before mating. Such mechanisms may provide an effective strategy for females to adjust their paternity decisions at different stages during and after mating, as they receive more information about their current and future mates and about their environment.
Current Status of Diagnostic Cytology

The field of diagnostic cytology can be divided into three areas: cancer detection, cancer diagnosis, and cancer research. I shall discuss all three of them in sequence.
Introducing The Accounting Equation With M&Ms

On the first day of Principles of Accounting classes, students learn the fundamental accounting equation from which all financial accounting practice emerge. The accounting equation is the criterion by which companies are valued and by which company performance is measured. This activity simplifies assets, liabilities, and owners equity to the representation of M&Ms in order to focus on overall patterns of company structure and provides further illustration using real public U.S. companies assets, liabilities, and owners equity.
Team Success—The Result of Team Partnering

This note discusses five stages of teamwork. The premise is that no level of teamwork is necessarily better than another. What is most important is whether the level of teamwork meets the needs of the team members and the job the team needs to do. Specific questions are offered to help teams diagnose their level of teamwork.
Really, really rapid prototyping: Flash builds and user-driven innovation at JSTOR Labs

To build a platform for (high, sustainable) use, we need to know what will thrill users. Finding the right concoction of technology, functionality and design to delight users takes a thousand decisions, pivots and changes. The JSTOR Labs team has been using Flash Builds – high-intensity, short-burst, user-driven development efforts – in order to prototype new ideas and get to a user saying “Wow” in as little as a week. In this paper, a distillation of a presentation I gave at NFAIS 2015, I will describe how we have done this, highlighting the partnerships, skills, tools and content that help us innovate.
Learning with hidden structure in Optimality Theory and Harmonic Grammar: beyond Robust Interpretive Parsing*

This paper explores the relative merits of constraint ranking vs. weighting in the context of a major outstanding learnability problem in phonology: learning in the face of hidden structure. Specifically, the paper examines a well-known approach to the structural ambiguity problem, Robust Interpretive Parsing (RIP; Tesar & Smolensky 1998), focusing on its stochastic extension first described by Boersma (2003). Two related problems with the stochastic formulation of RIP are revealed, rooted in a failure to take full advantage of probabilistic information available in the learner's grammar. To address these problems, two novel parsing strategies are introduced and applied to learning algorithms for both probabilistic ranking and weighting. The novel parsing strategies yield significant improvements in performance, asymmetrically improving performance of OT learners. Once RIP is replaced with the proposed modifications, the apparent advantage of HG over OT learners reported in previous work disappears (Boersma & Pater 2008).
Hospital-based financial analysis of endovascular therapy and intravenous thrombolysis for large vessel acute ischemic strokes: the ‘bottom line’

Background Economic viability is important to any hospital striving to be a comprehensive stroke center. An inability to recover cost can strain sustained delivery of advanced stroke care. Objective To carry out a comparative financial analysis of intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and endovascular (EV) therapy in treating large vessel strokes from a hospital9s perspective. Methodology Actual hospital9s charges, costs, and payments were analyzed for 265 patients who received treatment for large vessel strokes. The patients were divided into an EV (n=141) and an IV group (n=124). The net gain/loss was calculated as the difference between payments received and the total cost. Results The charges, costs, and payments were significantly higher for the EV than the IV group (p Conclusions Endovascular therapy was associated with better outcomes and higher cost–recovery than IV thrombolysis in patients with large vessel strokes.
The implications of workplace spirituality for person–environment fit theory.

Person–environment (PE) fit theory is based on the premise that people flourish in work settings that are compatible with their skills, interests, values, and other characteristics. While the premise of PE fit theory appears to be straightforward, it is actually a complex and evolving framework with
The effect of methadone on the QTc interval in advanced cancer patients

9064 Background: Methadone (ME) has been used increasingly for pain control and for maintenance in drug addiction programs. Its use is increasing in cancer patients (pts), mainly as part of opioid ...
The Arts as Healing Power in Transitional Justice

This essay looks at an ancient, but unforgotten, tradition that humans have used to express their ideas, pain, and senses of justice — the arts including theater, craft, music, film, and storytelling. Through a thematic approach, the essay examines the significant role that the arts have played and continue to play in various transitional societies by asking: why are the arts an important mechanism for transitional justice? The essay argues that since the arts provide a forum within which survivors of atrocities and their families can share their voices, tell their stories, and even evaluate the transitional justice mechanisms in their societies, transitional justice may have found a new “healing power.” The essay proceeds in the following order. First, it briefly overviews transitional justice’s five mechanisms. Next, the essay looks at varying countries and their different use of the arts in transitional justice. Finally, the essay provides concluding remarks.
Treatment Resistance in Unipolar Depression and Other Disorders: Diagnostic Concerns and Treatment Possibilities

Treatment resistance is a growing clinical problem confronting psychiatrists because of the increased use of primary care clinicians for the first-line treatment of emotional problems. Patients who do not respond to treatment in primary care settings are referred to psychiatrists. This article reviews the clinical approaches to treatment resistance.
Incidence of Intracranial Hemorrhage After a Cranial Operation.

Objective To describe the characteristics of patients who underwent a cranial operation and postoperatively suffered an intracranial hemorrhage significant enough to require evacuation.
Genetic diversity of soybean germplasm resistant to Heterodera glycines

Information on the genetic background of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] germplasm resistant to Soybean Cyst Nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is essential for developing plant breeding strategies, however, pedigree information for SCN resistant germplasm is not always available. Using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) to fingerprint different soybean lines is a useful means of determining genetic relationships and identifying unique genotypes. In this study, 102 soybean genomic probes with five different restriction enzymes were used to detect DNA variations and investigate genetic relationships among 56 soybean plant introductions (PIs) and cultivars. Among 510 probe/enzyme combinations, a total of 1707 hybridization bands were generated, of which 501 were polymorphic. A cluster dendrogram and a principal component analysis (PCA) plot diagram were constructed using DNA fingerprinting of the 56 soybean lines. Based on the clustering and PCA analyses, two major clusters comprising 15 groups were identified for the PIs and cultivars in the dendrogram. Reactions to different race isolates of SCN were distinguishable among different groupings of the clusters and PCA results, and various origins of the PIs and the pedigree information of the cultivars could be associated with the different clusters. Additional information on the appropriate number of probes used to detect genetic diversity more efficiently was elucidated through this research. We believe that the genetic relationships determined among these 56 soybean lines could provide useful information in identifying unique sources of genes for SCN resistance.