cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Hardware-in-the-loop testbed for evaluating connected vehicle applications

Abstract Connected vehicle environment provides the groundwork of future road transportation. Researches in this area are gaining a lot of attention to improve not only traffic mobility and safety, but also vehicles’ fuel consumption and emissions. Energy optimization methods that combine traffic information are proposed, but actual testing in the field proves to be rather challenging largely due to safety and technical issues. In light of this, a Hardware-in-the-Loop-System (HiLS) testbed to evaluate the performance of connected vehicle applications is proposed. A laboratory powertrain research platform, which consists of a real engine, an engine-loading device (hydrostatic dynamometer) and a virtual powertrain model to represent a vehicle, is connected remotely to a microscopic traffic simulator (VISSIM). Vehicle dynamics and road conditions of a target vehicle in the VISSIM simulation are transmitted to the powertrain research platform through the internet, where the power demand can then be calculated. The engine then operates through an engine optimization procedure to minimize fuel consumption, while the dynamometer tracks the desired engine load based on the target vehicle information. Test results show fast data transfer at every 200 ms and good tracking of the optimized engine operating points and the desired vehicle speed. Actual fuel and emissions measurements, which otherwise could not be calculated precisely by fuel and emission maps in simulations, are achieved by the testbed. In addition, VISSIM simulation can be implemented remotely while connected to the powertrain research platform through the internet, allowing easy access to the laboratory setup.
Adaptive LASSO for linear mixed model selection via profile log-likelihood

ABSTRACTMixed model selection is quite important in statistical literature. To assist the mixed model selection, we employ the adaptive LASSO penalized term to propose a two-stage selection procedure for the purpose of choosing both the random and fixed effects. In the first stage, we utilize the penalized restricted profile log-likelihood to choose the random effects; in the second stage, after the random effects are determined, we apply the penalized profile log-likelihood to select the fixed effects. In each stage, the Newton–Raphson algorithm is performed to complete the parameter estimation. We prove that the proposed procedure is consistent and possesses the oracle properties. The simulations and a real data application are conducted for demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed selection procedure.
Digestive System: Glandular Portion

The numerous, small, intrinsic glands of the digestive system located in the mucosa or submucosa of the gastrointestinal tube (e.g., the minor salivary glands, gastric glands, duodenal submucosal glands, etc.) have been described in the previous chapter. An additional series ofglands, too large to be accommodated within the wall of the tract, develop by evagination of the mucosal epithelium entirely through the wall into adjacent tissues such as the facial connective tissue and the mesenteries of the duodenum. In each instance the original outgrowth remains as the major duct and the much-branched ends develop into large masses ofsecretory acini or, in the liver, cords and sheets of glandular tissue. These, the extrinsic glands, are the major salivary glands, pancreas, and liver.
Research on a new type of on-load automatic voltage regulation technology

This paper presents a new OLTC (On-load tap-changing), which can effectively solve the arcs and improve the operating speed. By using the magnetic latching relay instead of the switch, eliminating the complicated mechanical driving mechanism to shorten the voltage regulating time, reduce the failure rate and the cost; Based on the new OLTC the paper studies the automatic regulating, with a Single-Chip Microcomputer as the control chip, through designing the load voltage acquisition circuit, the switch control and power circuit, making reasonable regulating measures, writing the corresponding program to control magnetic latching relay and make the tap-changing automatically.
Reduced phagocytosis of colloidal carriers using soluble CD47.

Purpose. This study was designed to illustrate the feasibility of using soluble CD47 protein to antagonize phagocytosis of colloidal drug carriers by macrophages.
A comparative study of ten monazites

Optical, x-ray, and differential thermal methods are used to compare monazite recently discovered near Chester, New Jersey, with monazite from nine other localities. lndices of refraction, 2V and birefringence have been determined. X-ray-diffraction patterns have been measured, indexed, and their relationships determined. Micro-camera diffraction patterns have provided information on the alteration of monazite. The application of x-ray fluorescence to the quantitative analysis of rare earth elements in monazite is shown to be feasible through sensitivity to minor variations caused by crystal fractionation. Theoretical factors which interfere with precise x-ray fluorescence, quantitative analysis of rare earth elements in monazite are examined. The effect of two types of alteration, intercrystalline and intracrystalline, upon the differential thermal pattern of monazite is observed. (auth)
Carbon Nucleophiles with Alkenes and Alkynes

The same transition metal systems which activate alkenes, alkadienes and alkynes to undergo nucleophilic attack by heteroatom nucleophiles also promote the reaction of carbon nucleophiles with these unsaturated compounds, and most of the chemistry in Scheme 1 in Section 3.1.2 of this volume is also applicable in these systems. However two additional problems which seriously limit the synthetic utility of these reactions are encountered with carbon nucleophiles. Most carbanions are strong reducing agents, while many electrophilic metals such as palladium(II) are readily reduced. Thus, oxidative coupling of the carbanion, with concomitant reduction of the metal, is often encountered when carbon nucleophiles are studied. In addition, catalytic cycles invariably require reoxidation of the metal used to activate the alkene [usually palladium(II)]. Since carbanions are more readily oxidized than are the metals used, catalysis of alkene, diene and alkyne alkylation has rarely been achieved. Thus, virtually all of the reactions discussed below require stoichiometric quantities of the transition metal, and are practical only when the ease of the transformation or the value of the product overcomes the inherent cost of using large amounts of often expensive transition metals.
Applications in Medicine and Related Fields

Infrared spectroscopy has been used in many ways in clinical laboratories. The infrared analysis of serum and other fluids from healthy individuals and from patients with various diseases has been an aid in the diagnosis of those diseases. The adsorption of plasma proteins on the surface of polymers which are to be exposed to the blood-stream has been and is actively being investigated by means of internal reflection techniques. Normal and diseased skin surfaces have been examined by the ATR method.
Network distributed computing using DCEZ

This paper introduces a client-server suite called DCEZ (easy distributed computing), which provides a readily configurable and easy to use network distributed computing framework. The suite will allow users to easily operate a distributed computing environment and solve real problems with a hybrid peer-to-peer (P2P) grid. It is anticipated that this tool will be most useful in a pedagogical setting such as an introductory computing course or as an adjunct to a computationally intensive course that addresses parallel computing issues.
Risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy in living kidney donors: A matched cohort study.

BACKGROUND We examined the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in primiparous kidney donors compared to matched controls. METHODS Fifty-nine women with a history of kidney donation prior to their first pregnancy with normal renal function and no history of kidney disease, diabetes or chronic hypertension were matched 1:4 by age (within 2 years) and race to women with two kidneys using data from an integrated healthcare delivery system. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were defined as preterm delivery (delivery 3 days, infant death/transfer to acute facility and low birthweight (<2500 g). RESULTS Living kidney donors did not have a higher risk of adverse outcomes compared to matched controls. There was a trend toward an increased risk of preeclampsia/eclampsia in kidney donors but it did not reach statistical significance (Odds ratio [OR]: 2.96, 95% CI: 0.98-8.94, P = 0.06). However, in kidney donors ≤30 years of age, there was a fourfold increased risk of preeclampsia/eclampsia (OR: 4.09, 95% CI: 1.07-15.59, P = 0.04). CONCLUSION Overall, the risk of pregnancy-associated complications following kidney donation is small but potential female kidney donors should be counseled on the possible increased risk of preeclampsia.
Galvanically Graded Interface: A Computational Model for Mitigating Galvanic Corrosion Between Magnesium and Mild Steel

The impact of a graded metallic spacer on the galvanic corrosion between magnesium and mild steel is investigated in this work using a COMSOL model based on a validated numerical model. A graded spacer of 4 mm thickness decreases the peak galvanic corrosion by 50% over a system without a spacer, and 37% over a system with an aluminum spacer. The impact of the electrochemical properties of spacer materials is also investigated.
Acute liver injury in the context of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related colitis treated with infliximab

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs), used to treat different advanced malignancies, are associated with a wide range of immune-related adverse reactions (irAEs) that deserve close monitoring of patients. Gastrointestinal reactions and hepatotoxicity may occur, which warrant careful evaluation to confirm the etiology and attribution to ICPIs as these events could affect future management. We describe a case of a patient with prostate adenocarcinoma, treated with dual ICPIs comprised of ipilimumab and nivolumab, who developed elevated liver enzymes in the context of infliximab therapy prescribed to treat gastrointestinal irAE from his ICPIs. The patient’s grade 3 colitis became steroid-refractory, requiring a one-time infusion of infliximab, a biologic agent used commonly in inflammatory bowel disease, as a rescue therapy, to which he responded. The patient subsequently developed liver injury. This presented a diagnostic dilemma involving differential diagnoses of hepatotoxicity due to ICPI or infliximab exposure. A careful review of the clinical history, evaluation of the chronology of events, and exclusion of other causes of acute hepatitis were employed to make the final diagnosis of this event as infliximab-associated hepatotoxicity. ICPIs such as CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors have the potential to cause both gastrointestinal reactions and hepatotoxicity. An additional confounding factor in our patient’s case was the exposure to infliximab used to manage an established irAE that developed after the last exposure to ICPIs. The clinical history and data supported infliximab-associated hepatotoxicity, rather than an irAE. With the increasing application of ICPIs for different cancers, in conjunction with potential risks for irAE, the liver profile should be closely monitored during treatment with ICPI as well as with anti-TNF-α agents in this patient population.
Educational Opportunity Fund Program and Community College Student Retention

Although the existence of state-funded student support services programs dates to the 1960s, studies on how such programs play a role in student success are scarce. By utilizing unique institutiona...
Early antibiotic exposure and development of asthma and allergic rhinitis in childhood

The prevalence of pediatric allergic diseases has increased rapidly in the United States over the past few decades. Recent studies suggest an association between the increase in allergic disease and early disturbances to the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome is a set of intestinal microorganisms that begins to form during birth and is highly susceptible to disturbance during the first year of life. Early antibiotic exposure may negatively impact the gut microbiota by altering the bacterial composition and causing dysbiosis, thus increasing the risk for developing childhood allergic disease. We performed a retrospective chart review of data in Loyola University Medical Center’s (LUMC) Epic system from 2007 to 2016. We defined antibiotic exposure as orders in both the outpatient and inpatient settings. Inclusion criteria were being born at LUMC with at least two follow up visits. Asthma and allergic rhinitis diagnoses were obtained using ICD 9 and ICD 10 codes. We controlled for multiple confounding factors. Using Stata, bivariate logistic regression was performed between antibiotics from 0 to 12 months of life and development of disease. This analysis was repeated for total lifetime antibiotics. We defined statistically significant as p < .05. The administration of antibiotics within the first 12 months of life was significantly associated with lifetime asthma (OR 2.66; C. I 1.11–6.40) but not allergic rhinitis. There was a significant association between lifetime antibiotics and asthma (OR 3.54; C. I 1.99–6.30) and allergic rhinitis (OR 2.43; C. I 1.43–4.11). Antibiotic administration in the first year of life and throughout lifetime is significantly associated with developing asthma and allergic rhinitis. These results provide support for a conservative approach regarding antibiotic use in early childhood.
Real Time Conference 2018 Overview

The 21st edition of the IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society (NPSS) Real Time Conference (RT2018) was held in Williamsburg, VA, USA (June 9–15, 2018). This conference, held every two years, brings together scientists, engineers, and their students whose focus is on real-time computing, fast electronics, and high-speed networking in data acquisition, triggering, instrumentation, processing, and control. The applications are multidisciplinary, including nuclear, particle, plasma, and medical physics, as well as quantum computing and other emerging technologies.
The vascular origins of antero-medial tibial bowing in congenital fibular deficiency

Anteromedial bowing and shortening of the tibia are intrinsic features of limbs with congenital fibular deficiency (CFD). Tibial bowing occurs more frequently when the fibula is radiographically absent rather than deficient. The bowing has been attributed to rapid longitudinal growth of the tibial anlage coupled with anteromedial tibial bending moments of the posterior crural and lateral peroneal musculature unopposed in the absence of a fibular strut. Eccentric mechanical loading results in asymmetric mineral deposition and thickening of the diaphyseal cortex. Skeletogenesis depends upon an intimate interplay between the normally prefigured tibial cartilage anlage and beginning muscular contractile actions during initial vascularization of the anlage, while the embryonic limb vasculature is undergoing a series of transitions. A diaphyseal periosteal collar normally forms at the site of nutrient artery invasion and stabilizes the growing anlage. In CFD however, arteriography consistently reveals anomalous tibial nutrient arterial branches, which originate from a primitive axial artery rather than from the usual posterior tibial artery. These anomalous nutrient arteries enter the tibial shaft at the posterior aspect of the proximal metaphysis, establishing an eccentric bone collar. The developing vasculature of the embryonic limb is responsive to the then most metabolically active tissues. Disruption of the reciprocal relationship between the transitioning vasculature and the developing long bones is pivotal in producing the diverse skeletal malformations of the congenital short limb (CSL). Embryonic vascular dysgenesis contributes not only to the well-recognized congenital tibial and fibular shortenings but also predisposes to congenital anteromedial bowing of the tibia.
Comparative Messaging, Learning and Forgetting: Evidence from Pharmaceutical Drug Detailing

A firm launching a new product in an existing category can leverage comparative messages to provide information to customers and to distinguish it from others. Incumbents, on the other hand, benefit less from comparative messaging as this could be interpreted as providing legitimacy to the entrant. In our empirical context in a pharmaceutical category, we see both incumbents and entrants employing comparative messages during their detailing visits. To incorporate the effects of comparative messaging, we develop a learning model of doctor prescription behavior. The model has three distinguishing features relative to the standard Bayesian learning framework. First, the information efficiency associated with the detailing visits differ across message formats (comparative vs. non-comparative) and brands. Second, comparative messages from competing brands can “jam” or disrupt a doctor’s learning of a drug’s quality. Finally, the doctors can “forget” the quality of a drug with the time elapsed from the last prescription. We estimate the model using a physician panel in a therapeutic category with one existing and two new drugs. We estimate the proposed model in a Hierarchical Bayesian framework. Counterfactual experiment characterizes the impact of banning comparative messages, a practice followed in many countries other than the U.S.
In the Footsteps of Pierre Duhem: How a Modern Theory of Value Relates to XIX Century Physics

Having in the last 40 years focused on a function generated from a theory of morphogenesis called Elementary Catastrophe Theory (ECT) [19], the Swallowtail, to show its fitting the most respected landmark criteria of Utility or Value in Economics I felt the need to explain the resolution of the controversy surrounding the shape of this function via a polynomial solution against the trend of mainstream literature [10]. A little noticed theorem dating back to 1963 by Rene Thom, the author of ECT [22], set the ground for the development of ECT while linking it to the thermodynamic Potentials (Entropy and Internal Energy) as the XIX century ended up characterizing them with an exclusive feature: Differentiability [2]. The importance of the synthesis attempted by P. Duhem comes from not assuming any atomism without precluding it while seeking a unified field theory between gravitational, electrical, magnetic and chemical theories based on Newton law as reinforced with Coulomb law for electrical charges [26]. One of my basic finding was the negativity of the Schwarz’ derivative the highest order (the third) differential invariant coming from the heart of Pratt’s paper on risk in Economics [31] as a characteristic displacing concavity. My result so far has been that only for a polynomial representation we have a theory of self-observation fitting uniquely with the procedure of Stimulus-Response known since 150 years under the title of Psycho-Physics and opening up vistas to the world of Linguistics [32].
Dysfunctional tissue correlates of unrelated naming errors in acute left hemisphere stroke

Most naming error lesion-symptom mapping (LSM) studies have focused on semantic and/or phonological errors. Anomic individuals also produce unrelated word errors, which may be linked to semantic or...
Review: anticoagulants increase intracerebral bleeding and do not reduce death or disability in acute cardioembolic stroke.

Source Citation Paciaroni M, Agnelli G, Micheli S, Caso V. Efficacy and safety of anticoagulant treatment in acute cardioembolic stroke: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Stroke. 200...
Lactobacilli in Ensiled High-Moisture Corn

Aerobic mesophilic bacteria, molds, yeasts, and Lactobacillus species were enumerated at various intervals of the ensiling process of high-moisture corn (HMC). A total of 466 isolates of Lactobacillus were identified to determine the species of Lactobacillus associated with ensiled HMC and remoistened corn. The numbers of aerobic bacteria in the ensiled HMC increased to 108 per gram within 1 week and remained at this level throughout the storage period. The numbers of aerobic bacteria in the remoistened corn increased to 109 per gram and remained at this level during the 60-day storage period, after which they increased rapidly. Yeasts were the predominant microflora of the ensiled HMC. Mold numbers were low in the silos, but were very high in the remoistened corn, especially toward the end of the 60-day storage period. The species of Lactobacillus most frequently isolated from the ensiled HMC were L. plantarum, 52% of the isolates; L. brevis, 19% of the isolates; L. brevis (atypical), 15%; L. fermenti, 11%; and L. buchneri, 3%. The lactic acid bacteria, therefore, are the predominant bacterial flora of ensiled HMC, as they are of other types of plant forages that undergo similar fermentations.
Creating a safe haven for employees who are victims of domestic violence.

PROBLEM: Intimate partner violence is a danger to American employers as well as costly for American businesses. BACKGROUND: Because one in four women is battered at some point in her lifetime and the percentage of employed women is over 50%, employers should address the issue of domestic violence at the workplace in an effort to keep employees safe while at work and to manage the financial burden that accompanies this problem. AIM: The author provides an overview of the problem and corresponding interventions that should be implemented to avoid violence in the workplace and to promote a culture of safety for all employees, particularly in a hospital setting. Language: en
Forward and backward temporal probability distributions of sorbing solutes in groundwater

[1] The travel time of a contaminant particle in an aquifer can be used to identify the release time of contamination from a known source, to delineate captures zones around wells, and for other applications. The travel time is uncertain because of spatial variability of hydrogeologic properties and fluctuations of groundwater velocity and therefore is often represented as a random variable. A forward travel time probability density function (pdf) describes the random time that a particle will reach a downgradient location, while the backward travel time pdf describes the time in the past when the particle was at an upgradient location, such as the source location. For sorbing solutes, the particle may have been in either the aqueous phase or the sorbed phase at the location of interest. Since a particle can only travel through the aquifer in the aqueous phase, the random travel time accounts only for particles in the aqueous phase. We develop new probabilistic expressions to characterize the random time in the past that a contaminant particle was sorbed at a location of interest. For a solute that exhibits linear equilibrium sorption, we develop forward and backward pdfs for the time of sorption, defined as the random time at which the particle is at a location of interest in the sorbed phase. For the linear nonequilibrium sorption case, we develop expressions for the forward and backward sorbed phase probability, defined as the discrete probability that a particle will be sorbed at a location of interest at a deterministic time. Although forward pdfs and probabilities produce the same information as backward pdfs and probabilities, backward probabilistic expressions can be calculated more efficiently when the number of observations is small relative to the number of possible source locations or release times.
MsGC-II, a receptor guanylyl cyclase isolated from the CNS of Manduca sexta that is inhibited by calcium.

We describe the cloning of a receptor guanylyl cyclase, MsGC-II, from the CNS of the insect Manduca sexta. Sequence comparisons with other receptor guanylyl cyclases show that MsGC-II is most similar to a predicted guanylyl cyclase in the Drosophila genome and to vertebrate retinal guanylyl cyclases. When expressed in COS-7 cells, MsGC-II exhibited a low level of basal activity that was nearly abolished in the presence of 10 µm calcium. Incubation with either a mammalian guanylyl cyclase-activating protein or Drosophila frequenin resulted in only mild stimulation of activity, whereas incubation of COS-7 cells expressing MsGC-II with a variety of Manduca tissue extracts failed to stimulate enzyme activity above basal levels. Analysis of the tissue distribution of MsGC-II revealed that it is nervous system specific. In the adult, MsGC-II is present in neurons in the optic lobes, antennal lobes and cellular cortex, but it is most highly expressed in subsets of intrinsic mushroom body neurons. Thus, MsGC-II appears to be a neural-specific receptor guanylyl cyclase whose activity may be regulated either directly or indirectly by calcium.
A New Hypothesis on the Origin of French Aller

(1968). A New Hypothesis on the Origin of French Aller. WORD: Vol. 24, Linguistic Studies Pesented to Andre Martinet: Part Two, Indo-European Linguistics, pp. 73-80.
Dual Quaternion based modal kinematics for multisection continuum arms

This paper presents general modal dual Quaternion (DQ) kinematics for multisection continuum arms. DQ's produce higher accuracy than homogeneous transformation matrices (HTM) when transformed to modal shape functions (MSF) of similar order and are numerically stable. Thus, the model is compact, more accurate and computationally efficient than the modal kinematics proposed by the author based on HTM's. Also, DQ kinematics does not suffer from singularity related limitations of Euler angle based inverse orientation kinematics. Recursive schemes for deriving DQ's and DQ Jacobians are also presented and can be extended arbitrarily. Both modal HTM and modal DQ kinematics are then applied to solve illustrative spatial inverse position and orientation tracking problems. Based on the results, this paper quantitatively compares both methods and highlights the advantages of modal DQ kinematics. The proposed DQ kinematics are easily extensible to variable length multisection continuum arm with general actuator configurations.
Interactions between FUSED and ENGRAILED, Two Mutations Affecting Pattern Formation in DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER.

ABSTRACT In this paper we demonstrate that the severity of the engrailed phenotype is greatly increased when engrailed is combined with the X -linked mutation fused . The secondary sex combs of fu;en flies contain from two to four times more setae than do those of en siblings. The number of transverse rows of bristles on the metatarsus of the metathoracic leg is reduced by a factor of one and a half to two in fu;en flies when compared to their en siblings, while the frequency of reversed bract polarity, bristle abnormalities and misshapen metatarsi increases greatly. In addition, fu;en flies express the en wing phenotype more completely than their siblings and have a much higher frequency of wing vein abnormalities—some of which we have interpreted as triplications of the third and first longitudinal wing veins. We briefly discuss the significance of the fused-engrailed gene interaction.
PURIFICATION AND IMMOBILIZATION OF ASPERGILLUS NIGER BETA -XYLOSIDASE

..beta..-Xylosidase from a commercial Aspergillus niger preparation was purified by differential ammonium sulfate precipitation and either gel permeation or cation exchange chromatography, giving 16-fold purification in 32% yield for the first technique or 27-fold purification in 19% yield for the second. Enzyme prepared by this method was immobilized to 10 different carriers, but only when it was bound to alumina with TiCl/sub 4/ and to alkylamine porous silica with glutaraldehyde were substantial efficiencies and stabilities achieved.
The Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar: Past, Present, and Future

The United Nations has long characterized Myanmar's Rohingya Muslims as one of the world's most persecuted minorities. Recently escalating violence and increasing discrimination - encompassing restrictions on religious freedom, lethal use of force, forced displacement and denial of equal citizenship rights - has not only exasperated the humanitarian crises confronting the Rohingya Muslims but also threatens to undermine the Burmese transition from one-party military rule to democratic governance. It adversely impacts global security, too. This essay examines the Rohingya Muslim experience historically, but perhaps more significantly through a contemporary humanitarian and human rights lens as well. It begins with a brief history of the Rohingya Muslims in post-colonial Myanmar and thereafter analyzes contemporary humanitarian developments. It explores several key human rights abuses perpetrated against the group while also discussing realities surrounding United States policy on Myanmar. Significantly, the piece concludes with concrete policy recommendations.
Fluorescence Polarization Screening Assays for Small Molecule Allosteric Modulators of ABL Kinase Function

The ABL protein-tyrosine kinase regulates intracellular signaling pathways controlling diverse cellular processes and contributes to several forms of cancer. The kinase activity of ABL is repressed by intramolecular interactions involving its regulatory Ncap, SH3 and SH2 domains. Small molecules that allosterically regulate ABL kinase activity through its non-catalytic domains may represent selective probes of ABL function. Here we report a screening assay for chemical modulators of ABL kinase activity that target the regulatory interaction of the SH3 domain with the SH2-kinase linker. This fluorescence polarization (FP) assay is based on a purified recombinant ABL protein consisting of the N-cap, SH3 and SH2 domains plus the SH2-kinase linker (N32L protein) and a short fluorescein-labeled probe peptide that binds to the SH3 domain. In assay development experiments, we found that the probe peptide binds to the recombinant ABL N32L protein in vitro, producing a robust FP signal that can be competed with an excess of unlabeled peptide. The FP signal is not observed with control N32L proteins bearing either an inactivating mutation in the SH3 domain or enhanced SH3:linker interaction. A pilot screen of 1200 FDA-approved drugs identified four compounds that specifically reduced the FP signal by at least three standard deviations from the untreated controls. Secondary assays showed that one of these hit compounds, the antithrombotic drug dipyridamole, enhances ABL kinase activity in vitro to a greater extent than the previously described ABL agonist, DPH. Docking studies predicted that this compound binds to a pocket formed at the interface of the SH3 domain and the linker, suggesting that it activates ABL by disrupting this regulatory interaction. These results show that screening assays based on the non-catalytic domains of ABL can identify allosteric small molecule regulators of kinase function, providing a new approach to selective drug discovery for this important kinase system.
Late Afternoon Dosing of Plerixafor for Stem Cell Mobilization: A Practical Solution

Abstract Background Plerixafor was recently approved for stem cell mobilization in patients who have non-Hodgkin lymphoma or multiple myeloma. However, the use of late evening (10 PM) injections is inconvenient for patients and requires an after-hours infrastructure that may not be readily available. Patients and Methods Based on an earlier study showing prolonged mobilization of stem cells in patients given plerixafor plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), we administered plerixafor at 5 PM and performed apheresis approximately 15 hours later. Plerixafor was administered primarily to patients who either had failed previous mobilization or were at risk for poor mobilization because of previous therapy, especially lenalidomide in patients who had multiple myeloma. Results Of 48 patients, including 24 with myeloma and 24 with lymphoma, 47 had enough stem cells collected (> 2 × 10E6 CD34+ cells/kg) to proceed to transplant, including all 13 patients who had failed previous chemotherapy plus G-CSF mobilization and 18 patients treated with four cycles or more of lenalidomide. The day +1 post-plerixafor increment in circulating CD34+ cells was greatest in patients who had the highest preplerixafor CD34 count; however, in patients with preplerixafor CD34+ cell counts Conclusion This study suggests that plerixafor is effective when given 15 hours before apheresis, even in a population at high risk for mobilization failure. A proposed cost-effective use of plerixafor is to administer it to patients who are inadequately mobilized with G-CSF alone or for salvage in patients who fail previous mobilization with chemotherapy plus G-CSF.
Web Services for Production Planning and Optimization

Optimization theories and algorithms such as linear programming have long been used to find the best solutions in production planning and scheduling. Web services are software functions that can be accessed and called over the Internet. The Network Enabled Optimization System (NEOS) has been developed at Argonne National Laboratory. NEOS consists of next generation optimization servers as web services. Most current users of NEOS are researchers and scientists. We are building a production planning and optimization web services for manufacturing planners to be able to leverage the state of the art NEOS and generate globally optimized cross supply chain network, real time, and flexible plans.
Morphine induced analgesia is attenuated in post-partum lactating rats.

Abstract The analgesic effects of morphine administration were determined in post-partum, lactating female rats, as well as in intact, cycling females during the diestrous stage of the estrous cycle. All doses of morphine (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg, iv) produced a significant analgesic response in both post-partum and diestrous females using the hot water tail immersion latency test. However, the analgesic response in the post-partum females was signifcantly less than during diestrus at all doses tested. In addition, pretreatment with the μ 1 specific antagonist, Naloxonazine, significantly blunted the analgesic response in diestrous females, but did not significantly affect analgesia in post-partum females. These results indicate that morphine is less effective in producing analgesia in post-partum females. The μ 1 opiate receptor site does not appear to be involved in the analgesia produced during the post-partum period.
Phase Transformations in Pulsed Laser Deposited Nanocrystalline Tin Oxide Thin Films

Thin SnOx films have been synthesized with the method of pulsed laser deposition and their microstructure examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The films were amorphous as grown and subjected to ...
Receptor specificity in the self-renewal and differentiation of primary multipotential hemopoietic cells.

To determine whether cytokine-induced signals generate unique responses in multipotential hemopoietic progenitor cells, the signaling domains of 3 different growth factor receptors (Mpl, granulocyte–colony-stimulating factor [G-CSF] receptor, and Flt-3) were inserted into mouse primary bone marrow cells. To circumvent the activation of endogenous receptors, each signaling domain was incorporated into an FK506 binding protein (FKBP) fusion to allow for its specific activation using synthetic FKBP ligands. Each signaling domain supported the growth of Ba/F3 cells; however, only Mpl supported the sustained growth of transduced marrow cells, with a dramatic expansion of multipotential progenitors and megakaryocytes. These findings demonstrate that the self-renewal and differentiation of multipotential progenitor cells can be influenced through distinct, receptor-initiated signaling pathways.
Asymptotic formulas for expected sample size savings in curtailed binomial tests

Asymptotic formulas for expected sample size savings in curtailed binomial tests are derived using a central limit theorem of Feller (1943). Exact results for the expected sample size savings and the forms of the one- and two-sided curtailed tests are reviewed. The small sample properties of the asymptotic approximation are discussed and comparisons with the exact values and the recent results of Eisenberg and Ghosh (1981) are presented. The asymptotic results derived here compare very favorably to the exact results.
Age Differences in the Correlates of Perceived Dominance

Previous evidence indicates that the correlates of dominance vary over studies. We hypothesized that one source of this variability is that dominance shifts with age from being associated with aggression to being more associated with prosocial behavior and sociometric status. To test this, we examined 10 vs. 13 year-old boys' perceptions of dominance, using a measure that assessed the perceived outcomes of dyadic agonism. In a sample consisting predominantly of lower- and middle-SES boys from public schools attending a racially integrated summer program for youths with behavior problems, we examined the relation between perceived dominance, sociometric status, and measures of social behavior, including physical and verbal aggression. Perceived dominance was associated with hitting and bullying among 10 year-olds, whereas among 13 year-olds it was more closely associated with sociometric status. The measure of perceived dominance we present produced rigidity scores comparable to those found using behavioral measures of dominance.
Color characterization of provisional restorations

Abstract Esthetics is required for some provisional restorations. Acrylic resin stains can be used to develop natural appearing restorations with external and internal techniques. The use of a custom-made shade guide aids the dentist in selecting the desired pigment, and determining the need for external or internal staining.
Parameter Bounds on Estimation Accuracy Under Model Misspecification

When the assumed data distribution differs from the true distribution, the model is said to be misspecified or mismatched. Model misspecification at some level is an inevitability of engineering practice. While Huber's celebrated work assesses maximum-likelihood (ML) performance under misspecification, no simple theory for bounding parameter estimation exists. The class of parameter bounds emerging from the covariance inequality, or equivalently the minimum norm theorem is revisited. The expectation operator is well-known to form an inner product space. Flexibility in the choice of expectation integrand and measure for integration exists, however, to establish a class of parameter bounds under a general form of model misspecification, i.e., distribution mismatch. The Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) primarily, and secondarily the Barankin/Hammersley-Chapman-Robbins, Bhattacharyya, and Bobrovsky-Mayer-Wolf-Zakai bounds under misspecification are considered. Huber's sandwich covariance is readily established as a special case of the misspecified CRB subject to ML constraints, and generalizations of the Slepian and Bangs formulae under misspecification are obtained.
Luminescent Au Nanoparticles with a pH-Responsive Nanoparticle-Supported Molecular Brush

The pH-dependent properties of Au nanoparticles ∼2.2 nm in diameter decorated with bifunctional ligands possessing thiol and carboxylic acid functional groups are described. The Au−S linkage creates a polarity-sensitive photoluminescent charge transfer (CT) complex at the particle periphery, which acts as a built-in sensor for ligand configuration at the nanoparticle interface. When a pH change eliminates the charge on the exposed carboxylic acid group, van der Waals interactions between the carbon chain of the ligand and the Au nanoparticle lead to collapse of the ligands, and the photoluminescent Au−S CT species responds to the change in local polarity accordingly. Electron microscopy, electrophoresis, dynamic light scattering, and mass spectrometry were used to characterize the physical nature of the nanoparticles. Absorption, fluorescence emission and excitation, and zeta potential measurements were used to understand the reversible pH-dependent spectral response. The number of charged ligands on each...
A Simple and Accurate Method to Calculate Transient EHL Film Thickness in Machine Components Undergoing Operation Cycles

This paper presents a new method to calculate EHL film thicknesses for contacts operating in transient conditions. The method approximates the EHL pressure distribution by its corresponding Hertz d...
Hydrothermal Syntheses, Structures, and Properties of Two New Potassium Vanadium Phosphates: K3(VO) (V2O3) (PO4)2(HPO4) and K3 (VO) (HV2O3) (PO4)2(HPO4)

Abstract Two new potassium vanadium phosphates have been prepared and their structures have been determined from analysis of single crystal X-ray data. The two compounds, K 3 (VO)(V 2 O 3 ) (PO 4 ) 2 (HPO 4 ) and K 3 (VO)(HV 2 O 3 )(PO 4 ) 2 (HPO 4 ), are isostructural, except for the incorporation of an extra hydrogen atom into the nearly identical frameworks. The structures consist of a three-dimensional network of [VO] n chains connected through phosphate groups to a [V 2 O 3 ] moiety. Magnetic susceptibility experiments indicate that in the case of the di-hydrogen compound, there are no significant magnetic interactions between the three independent vanadium (IV) centers. Crystal data: for K 3 (VO)(V 2 O 3 )(PO 4 ) 2 (HPO 4 ), M r = 620.02, orthorhombic space group Pnma (No. 62), a = 7.023(4) A, b = 13.309(7) A, c = 14.294(7) A, V = 1336(2) A 3 , Z = 4, R = 5.02%, and R w = 5.24% for 1238 observed reflections [I > 3σ(I)]; for K 3 (VO)(HV 2 O 3 )(PO 4 ) 2 (HPO 4 ), M r = 621.04, orthorhombic space group Pnma (No. 62), a = 6.975(3) A, b = 13.559(7) A, c = 14.130(7) A, V = 1336(1) A 3 , Z = 4, R = 6.02%, and R w = 6.34% for 1465 observed reflections [I > 3σ(I)].
Visceral Clear Cell Sarcoma of Soft Tissue with Confirmation by EWS-ATF1 Fusion Detection

Clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue (CCS-ST) is a rare malignant neoplasm characterized by a tumor-defining translocation [t(12;22) (q13;q12)], resulting in the EWS-ATF1 gene fusion. An extremely limited number of visceral CCS-ST cases have been reported in the literature. Here the authors report a visceral CCS-ST in a Hispanic adolescent male with a large infiltrative mass involving the small bowel. The tumor was evaluated by light microscopy, immunocytochemistry, electron microscopy, cytogenetics, and molecular genetics. The tumor cells were strongly positive for S-100 protein, but negative for HMB-45. Rare premelanosomes were identified only after an extensive search with electron microscopy. Cytogenetics showed a characteristic t(12;22)(q13;q12) for CCS-ST with isochromosome 18q and trisomy 22. An EWS exon 8 sense primer and an antisense ATF1 primer were employed for detection of the CCS-ST tumor-defining EWS-ATF1 translocation, using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction techniques (RT-PCR), and the fusion gene breakpoint underwent DNA sequencing. This tumor is exceptional, because it is the first visceral CCS-ST that has been confirmed by RT-PCR and DNA sequencing. This case also illustrates the necessity of a multimodal approach to tumor diagnosis, and the utility of cytogenetics and molecular pathology in confirming the diagnosis of CCS-ST and eliminating conventional metastatic or primary visceral malignant melanoma as a consideration.
A framework for distributed management with mobile components

Abstract The increasing importance of networks and the growing numbers of devices and services that run on them necessitate effective network and systems management. The traditional centralized management paradigm alone is no longer sufficient for effective management solutions, primarily as it does not scale well. Distribution of management tasks is a promising approach. The distributed management framework (DMF) presented in this paper provides an environment that allows a broad range of management tasks to move and run anywhere within the managed system. In our approach, management tasks are lightweight applications that can be configured and downloaded dynamically as required, reducing the load on managed resources and simplifying the problem of management software updates. We present an object-oriented, Java-based implementation of the DMF and describe applications developed on this platform.
The effect of facilitative communication training on teacher response quality

Training designed to enhance facilitative communication between teachers and students is becoming an increasingly important element of teacher training programs. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of facilitative communication training on the quality of teacher response to various student problems and to the accompanying emotional states of anger, joy, or depression. The subjects consisted of 64 undergraduate teacher education majors who responded in writing to 15 audiotaped stimulus vignettes. A 5×3×2 repeated measures analysis of variance was used to measure the effects of problem situation, emotional state, and training on empathic understanding. The results indicated significant differences between trained and untrained groups, as well as differences in quality of response due to emotion, with joy eliciting greater empathy than depression or anger. Significant interactions among the variables also were obtained. Implications are discussed in terms of human relations training for teachers.
Cell wall alterations in loblolly pine wood decayed by the white-rot fungus, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora

Abstract Ultrastructural, immunocytochemical and UV absorption spectroscopy techniques were used to elucidate the progressive changes that occur within woody cell walls during decay by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. After only 2 weeks of incubation, uranyl acetate staining revealed a diffuse electron dense zone in the secondary wall near hyphae and around the outer circumference of the wall. The extent of cell wall staining increased with longer fungal incubation. No staining occurred in sound unaltered cell walls. Proteins of varying molecular weights (insulin, 5730 Da; myoglobin, 17 600 Da; ovalbumin, 44 287 Da) were infiltrated into sound and decayed wood followed by immunogold labelling and transmission electron microscopy. Insulin readily penetrated into the outer most regions of secondary walls of wood cells after 2 weeks of decay. Myoglobin was first observed to penetrate cell walls at 4 weeks of degradation and ovalbumin was found after 8 weeks in wood with advanced stages of decay where extensive cell wall disruption was evident. None of the proteins used were localized within cell walls of untreated, control wood samples. UV microspectrophotometry demonstrated a progressive loss of absorbance at 240 and 280 nm within the secondary walls and middle lamellae at various sampling times throughout the duration of the decay study.
Alcoholism in Black Male Heroin Addicts

Summary This study systematically evaluates the presence of alcoholism and alcohol problems in a large sample of black male heroin addicts. Of 192 addicts 24 per cent were diagnosed as alcoholics and 13 per cent as probable alcoholics when objective criteria for alcoholism were used. An additional 19 per cent reported isolated problems with alcohol. Thus 56 per cent of this sample of addicts had experienced some problem because of alcohol. The occurrence of such problems as medical complications from alcohol and use of non-beverage alcohol indicates the seriousness of their alcohol use. Among subgroups of the study sample, the highest rate of alcoholism was in addicts currently addicted - 49 per cent; while the lowest rate of alcoholism was in addicts who were in successful treatment – 22 per cent. Thus, a sizeable portion of the heroin addict population is having problems from the use of two drugs - heroin and alcohol.