cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Concurrent administration of an intranasal vaccine containing feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) with a parenteral vaccine containing FHV-1 is superior to parenteral vaccination alone in an acute FHV-1 challenge model

The administration of intranasal (IN) or subcutaneous (SC) vaccines containing modified live feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) offers some level of protection against FHV-1 challenge, but relative efficacy is <100%. In this study, clinical signs and viral shedding in kittens were compared among three groups: (1) kittens vaccinated concurrently with IN and SC vaccines containing FHV-1 (Group 1, n = 8); (2) kittens vaccinated with a SC FHV-1 vaccine alone (Group 2, n = 8), and (3) unvaccinated control kittens (Group 3, n = 8). All kittens were FHV-1 naive at enrolment, and challenge with a virulent strain of FHV-1 was performed 1 week after vaccination. Daily clinical signs and pharyngeal FHV-1 shedding were recorded over a 21-day infection period. Overall, kittens in Group 1 had significantly less severe clinical illness than those in Group 2 (P < 0.05). Additionally, significantly less FHV-1 DNA was detected on pharyngeal swabs from kittens in Group 1 compared to those in Group 2 (P < 0.001). Concomitant administration of IN and SC FHV-1 vaccines was superior to administration of the SC FHV-1 vaccine alone in this challenge model of FHV-1 naive kittens.
High subgroups of primary abelian groups of length ω + n

Abstract Let α be a limit ordinal, n a positive integer and A an abelian p -group of length α + n . We give a characterization of those subgroups of A p α A that are images of p α + i -high subgroups of A . Using this we show that the study of abelian p -groups of length ω + n having all high subgroups isomorphic is equivalent to the study of groups G of length ω having a specified set of pure dense subgroups isomorphic. This set of pure dense subgroups of G is determined by a dense subgroup P of G [ p n ] modulo a maximal p n − 1 -bounded summand of G . For each positive integer n we give an example of a p -group A such that all the high subgroups of A are isomorphic but not all the high subgroups of A p ω + n − 1 A are isomorphic.
Guidelines for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis 2002 Update

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive polyarthritis that is responsible for over nine million office visits annually. It is likely that most nurse practitioners will care for one or more patients with RA because approximately 1% of the adult population is affected by this disabling disorder. The guideline reviewed in this month's column describes the recommended care of patients who have been previously diagnosed with RA.
Aluminium complexes of hydroxyaliphatic and hydroxyaromatic ligands in aqueous systems—some problems and solutions

Abstract The stabilities of aluminium(III) complexes of ligands with hard oxygen donors are analysed and an up-to-date compilation of critical stability constants of aluminium(III) complexes of hydroxyaliphatic and hydroxyaromatic chelating agents is presented. The interferences with complex formation caused by hydrolysis of the metal ion to form soluble mononuclear and polynuclear hydroxo complexes, and by aluminium(III) hydroxide precipitation, are illustrated. In view of contradictory reports in the literature, a unified treatment of aluminium(III) citrate complexes is presented, and the formation of stable and metastable forms of mononuclear and ternuclear hydroxo citrate complexes is illustrated. The limitations in the use of normal formation constants for representing equilibrium data involving ligands with very high pK's is explained, and the use of hydrogen ion displacement equilibrium constants for such systems is recommended. Comparison of the effectiveness of several ligands for aluminium(III) complexation shows that desferriferrioxamine B (Desferal®), recommended for the treatment of aluminium(III) overload is by far the superior ligand over a very broad pH range.
Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia: the diagnostic importance of combining pathology with molecular genetics.

Congenital Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia (CAMT) is a rare bone marrow failure syndrome that presents with isolated thrombocytopenia within the first year of life. Classic diagnostic bone marrow findings reveal absent or significantly decreased megakaryocytes with otherwise normal marrow cellularity. We present a newborn with thrombocytopenia whose initial bone marrow aspirate showed an appropriate number of megakaryocytes. CAMT was subsequently diagnosed after molecular testing demonstrated a mutation in the thrombopoietin receptor. The presence of a normal number of megakaryocytes on an initial bone marrow aspirate should not exclude CAMT from the differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenia within the first year of life. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50:1263–1265. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Effect of inhomogeneous broadening on the optical line shape of molecular aggregates

Abstract We discuss the effect on the optical spectra of molecular aggregates of inhomogeneous broadening due to inequivalent medium sites. Previous theories, which do not explicitly include this effect, are re-examined, and an alternate approach to the calculation of optical properties is suggested.
Barriers to the use of health status measures in clinical investigation, patient care, and policy research.

Despite growing interest and sophistication in health status assessment, these measures are not widely used in settings where they would be appropriate. The reasons include conceptual, methodologic, practical, and attitudinal barriers, some of which are common to a variety of applications (e.g., clinical research, patient care, or policy research). These barriers include skepticism about the validity and importance of self-rated health; preferences for physiologic outcomes or death rates; unfamiliarity with questionnaire scores; a paucity of direct instrument comparisons to aid in selection; and the costs of pilot testing, data collection, and data manipulation. In clinical trials, the uncertain responsiveness of questionnaire instruments to small but clinically important changes may be of particular concern. For patient care, additional barriers are posed by the need for rapidly processing data, the need for providing highly understandable results to clinicians, and clinicians' uncertainty about how to use the information. In policy research, there is often insufficient time for responding (with health status measurement) to decision makers' needs, and many have reservations about concepts such as quality-adjusted life years that arise from health status measurement. To facilitate a better intuitive grasp of health status scores, more comparisons with traditional clinical scales and physiologic measures are needed. More effort should be given to demonstrating (and improving) the responsiveness of scales to clinically important changes and to developing very brief questionnaires. Better education of health professionals about these measurement techniques is needed, as well as better methods of presenting results. Finally, a "laboratory" to provide measurement services to investigators and clinicians may make use of these scales more attractive.
Respiratory exposure of grain inspection workers to carbon tetrachloride fumigant.

Carbon tetrachloride (often mixed with carbon disulfide or ethylene dichloride) is a common constituent of liquid grain fumigants. Applied as liquids, these mixtures volatilize and achieve vapor concentrations sufficient to control insect infestations in stored grains. Absorbed grain desorbs fumigant components after the fumigation period, and it then becomes a source of exposure to workers who handle fumigated grain. Carbon tetrachloride meets the EPA's risk criteria for hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and oncogenicity, and it has been under regulatory review since 15 October 1980. Present OSHA standards for CCl4 are a time-weighted average (TWA) of 10 ppm and an acceptable ceiling of 25 ppm. ACGIH and NIOSH have recommended lowering the OSHA standard. The point at which peak exposure occurs during the grain inspection process has been identified as the off odor test in which the inspector smells the grain sample for rancidity, sourness, etc. Ambient concentrations of CCl4 in 7750 grain samples submitted ...
Influence of Electrical Potential Distribution, Charge Transport, and Recombination on the Photopotential and Photocurrent Conversion Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline TiO2 Solar Cells: A Study by Electrical Impedance and Optical Modulation Techniques

The role of electrical potential, charge transport, and recombination in determining the photopotential and photocurrent conversion efficiency (IPCE) of dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cells was studied. Electrostatic arguments and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are used to obtain information on the electrical and electrochemical potential distribution in the cell. It is shown that on the macroscopic level, no significant electrical potential drop exists within the porous TiO2 when it contacts the electrolyte and that the electrical potential drop at the transparent conducting oxide substrate (TCO)/TiO2 interface occurs over a narrow region, one or two layers of TiO2. Analyses of EIS and other data indicate that both the photopotential of the cell and the decrease of the electrical potential drop across the TCO/TiO2 interface are caused by the buildup of photoinjected electrons in the TiO2 film. The time constants for the recombination and collection of the photoinjected electrons are measur...
Cortical evoked potentials in Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome—A single case study

Average cortical evoked potentials (AEPs) to auditory stimulation and AEP recovery functions were investigated in a 13-year-old boy suffering from Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome. Data obtained from the patient while on and off haloperidol were compared with data from a group of normal control subjects matched for age and sex. Latencies of the P2 and N2 components of the AEP were noticeably shorter in the Tourette's syndrome patient than in the control group. Recovery from stimulation, as estimated by the cortical evoked potential to the second of two closely spaced stimuli, was faster in the patient than the controls. After the patient's treatment with haloperidol, the latencies of the P2 and N2 components of the AEP and the speed of recovery from stimulation appeared to be no different in the patient than in the control subjects. Findings suggested that cortical excitability is higher in the Tourette's syndrome patient, whose AEPs also showed evidence of a maturational advance over the normal subjects.
Hypermagnesemia without Clinical Symptoms in Dairy Cattle

Summary An increase in the level of the serum magnesium of dairy cattle has been found which is apparently due to drought conditions affecting the pasture. There appear to be no clinical symptoms associated with a temporary hypermagnesemia in cattle.
Multimedia mashups for mirror worlds

Mirror worlds are virtual worlds that reflect real world locations and events; they may be composed from many sources and exposed to support a wide variety of applications. Building mirror worlds requires the integration of several capabilities in both the content pipeline and the runtime. We describe two case studies to identify the elements of a format's content model are best suited for mirror world representation. The first one increases public accessibility for NOAA's Science On a Sphere®. The second involves the web-publication of geospatial data relating to Blacksburg, Virginia. Through these studies, we examine the challenges encountered, and the implications that those challenges have for an improved mirror world content models. Our results indicate that X3D is a powerful portrayal platform for mirror worlds, and we propose a few improvements that would address the challenges we encountered.
Trapped electron cloud bolometer relying on frequency shift

An improved electron cloud bolometer is analyzed. In this device the cloud temperature is read out not via thermal noise induced by the electrons in a coupled LC circuit but via shift in their axial oscillation frequency in the Penning trap confining them. This shift occurs because as the electron cloud expands with increasing temperature, the average restoring force in the slightly anharmonic trap does change perceptibly. The scheme will be useful in exploring the microwave mode structure of the trap cavity and in locating magnetic field values for which the cavity-induced shift in the measured electron g factor disappears.
The efficiency paradox: bureaucratic and organizational barriers to profitable energy-saving investments

Abstract The paradox of why profitable energy-saving investments are not undertaken continues to provoke debate. The underlying phenomenon might be called the ‘efficiency paradox,’ because it represents a case in which business firms, which are often presumed (or taken axiomatically) to be economically efficient, make decisions that do not maximize profits. New data from one of the US Environmental Protection Agency’s voluntary pollution prevention programs enables this paradox to be explored statistically. The data show that both the level and variation in returns to lighting upgrade investments cannot be explained by standard economic models. Substantial gains in energy efficiency can be achieved without sacrificing profitability. Both economic and organizational factors account for some of the variation in observed returns to these investments, but the results suggest a need for improved and more comprehensive theories of the investment behavior of firms and other organizations.
319 Utilization of Donors after Cardiac Death (DCD) for Lung Transplantation (LTx): Rational for Expansion

Utilization of Donors after Cardiac Death (DCD) for Lung Transplantation (LTx): Rational for Expansion E.L. Mahoney, D.J. Manst, C.G. Alex, R.B. Love, C.H. Wigfield. Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL; Dept. of Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL; Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL.
Surface tensions of aqueous solutions containing sodium dodecyl sulfonate in equilibrium with dimethyl ether at elevated pressures

Abstract The interfacial tension of the solution-gas interface has been determined as a function of pressure for aqueous solutions of sodium dodecyl sulfonate in equilibrium with gaseous dimethyl ether at 35°C using both capillary rise and pendant drop methods. Data have been taken at surfactant concentrations above and below the CMC over pressures ranging from a few tenths of an atmosphere (∼10−2 MPa) to the saturation vapor pressure of dimethyl ether, 7.4 atm (0.75 MPa). While the ether and surfactant both cause a decrease in surface tension, the individual contributions of these two components are not additive but rather exhibit behavior expected for a system in which sulfonate anions and ether molecules compete for available area at the gas-liquid interface.
ENGINEERING TETHERED DNA MOLECULES BY THE CONVERTIBLE NUCLEOSIDE APPROACH

Abstract Non-natural functional groups, tethered to DNA, provide a chemical handle for the site-specific attachment of reporter and effector elements. Herein we report a general strategy for the synthesis of oligodeoxynucleotides bearing tethered functionality (functionally tethered oligonucleotides, FTOs). In this approach, the convertible nucleoside 4-O-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2′-deoxyuridine (TMP-dU) is introduced site-specifically into DNA during automated synthesis. Upon treatment with aqueous amines, the TMP-dU moiety undergoes nucleophilic substitution to yield an N4-alkyl-dC nucleoside — the DNA product is a dC-tethered FTO. Since the tether structure is solely determined by choice of amine used in the deprotection/conversion reaction, this convertible nucleoside approach permits a wide variety of FTOs to be synthesized from a single precursor.
Corrigendum to: “Temperature response of Earth to the annual solar irradiance cycle”: [Phys. Lett. A 323 (2004) 315]

In the publication the observed quantities were presented in terms of the averaged irradiance per spherical area but the theoretical calculations used the incident irradiance per projected area. Therefore a factor of 1/4 was accidentally omitted in comparing the theory with the observed quantities. This changes some of the values in Table 1 of our Letter (see below) but does not change the basic data or theory of the Letter. With the correction, the main conclusions of the Letter are strengthened; the need to consider negative feedbacks is even more strongly evident. As before, the physics of these feedbacks (such as the role of N–S transport or cloud formation) remains an open question. The necessary corrections to the publication are as follows:
The Effects of Blade Loading on Trailing Edge Vortex Formation on a Highly Loaded Stator Upstream of a Transonic Rotor

Multiple high-fidelity time-accurate computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the effects of upstream stator loading and rotor shock strength on vortex shedding characteristics in a single stage transonic compressor. Three loadings on the upstream stator row of decreased, nominal, and increased were studied. The time-accurate URANS code TURBO was used to generate periodic, quarter annulus simulations of the Blade Row Interaction compressor rig. It was observed that vortex shedding was synchronized to the passing of a rotor bow shock. Results show that vortex size and strength increase with stator loading. “Normal” and “large” shock-induced vortices formed on the stator trailing edge immediately after the shock passing, but the “large” vortices were strengthened at the trailing edge due to a low velocity region at the suction surface. This low velocity region was generated upstream on the suction surface from a shock-induced thickening of the boundary layer or separation bubble. The circulation of the “large” vortices was greater than the “normal” vortices by a factor of 1.7, 1.9 and 2.1 for decreased, nominal and increased deswirler loadings. At decreased loading only 24% of the measured vortices were considered “large” while at nominal loading 58% were “large”. An understanding of the unsteady interactions associated with blade loading and rotor shock strength in transonic stages will help compressor designers account for unsteady flow physics at design and off-design operating conditions.Copyright © 2011 by ASME
Records of readex microprints United States government publications (non-depository) 1953-

Abstract Readex Microprints for Federal Documents are recorded in the Library's Documents Card Catalog. If this was not done, persons using the card catalog would be justified in assuming the Library did not have certain publications which it did have in Microprint. These records for Cuttered documents and transfer cards for serial documents go into the regular preliminary file for new titles and are filed into the catalog in one combined operation.
Multilayer polyelectrolyte films as nanofiltration membranes for separating monovalent and divalent cations

Abstract Alternating adsorption of polyanions and polycations on porous supports provides a convenient way to prepare ion-selective nanofiltration membranes. This work examines optimization of ultrathin, multilayer polyelectrolyte films for monovalent/divalent cation separations relevant to water softening. Membranes composed of five bilayers of poly(styrene sulfonate)/poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PSS/PAH) on porous alumina supports allow a solution flux of 0.85 m 3 /(m 2 day) at 4.8 bar, and exhibit 95% rejection of MgCl 2 along with a Na + /Mg 2+ selectivity of 22. Similar results were obtained in Na + /Ca 2+ separations. PSS/poly(diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) films permit higher fluxes than PSS/PAH systems due to the higher swelling of films containing PDADMAC, but the Mg 2+ rejection by PSS/PDADMAC membranes is less than 45%. However, capping PSS/PDADMAC films with a bilayer of PSS/PAH yields Mg 2+ rejections and Na + /Mg 2+ selectivities that are typical of pure PSS/PAH membranes. Separation performance can be optimized through control over deposition conditions (pH and supporting electrolyte concentration) and the charge of the outer layer since Donnan exclusion is a major factor in monovalent/divalent cation selectivity. Streaming potential measurements demonstrate that the magnitude of positive surface charge increases with increasing concentrations of Mg 2+ in solution or when the outer polycation layer is deposited from a solution of high ionic strength.
The influence of forward and backward associative strength on false memories for encoding context.

Two experiments examined the effects of forward associative strength (FAS) and backward associative strength (BAS) on false recollection of unstudied lure items. Themes were constructed such that four associates were strongly related to a lure item in terms of FAS or BAS and four associates were weakly related to a lure item in terms of FAS or BAS. Further, when FAS was manipulated, BAS was controlled across strong and weak associates, while FAS was controlled across strong and weak associates when BAS was manipulated. Strong associates were presented in one font while weak associates were presented in a second font. At test, lure items were disproportionately attributed to the source used to present lures' strong associates compared to lures' weak associates, both when BAS was manipulated and when FAS was manipulated. This outcome demonstrates that both BAS and FAS influence lure item false recollection, which favours global-matching models' explanation of false recollection over the explanation offered ...
The Effects of Having Been Supervised by a Woman on Perceptions of Female Managerial Competence.

Responses of male and female managers in state public human service organizations are analyzed to determine if perceptual differences exist concerning the competence of women as managers in these organizations depending on whether an individual has or has not been supervised by a woman. Significant differences were found in only one area: the motivation of women to manage.
Impact of Banking Statutes, Housing-Market, Economic, and Financial Conditions on Bank Failures in the U.S, 1970-2008: GARCH Estimates

Bank solvency questions and bank failures in the U.S. have become issues of renewed concern in recent years. Given the significance of bank solvency and bank failures for the health and stability of the U.S. economy, it is imperative to have insights into those factors that systematically influence bank failures. Accordingly, this empirical study seeks to identify those factors influencing the bank failure rate in the U.S. over the period 1970 through 2008, with emphasis on: (1) recent major banking statutes, including: the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977, CRA, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991, FDICIA, the Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994, RNIBA, and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, GLB Act; (2) the health of the housing market; and (3) general economic and financial market conditions. The GARCH estimates indicate that FDICIA acted to reduce bank failures, whereas (presumably by increasing competition and/or increasing costs through branch bank expansion) RNIBA induced a net increase in bank failures in the U.S. The GARCH evidence implies that the CRA also led to increased bank failures in the U.S., arguably by exposing banks to greater credit risk. The evidence also indicates that the GLB Act may also have acted to induce more bank failures. Furthermore, a stronger housing market was found to reduce bank failures, whereas a stronger economy as well as more favorable interest rate conditions reduced bank failures.
Bond Behavior of Deformed GFRP Rebars

The bond behavior of straight Glass-Fiber-Reinforced-Plastic (GFRP) reinforcing bars to concrete was experimentally investigated. Results of 48 beam and 18 pull-out specimens constructed with No. 3...
Acceleration of soft tissue repair by a thrombin-derived oligopeptide

Abstract Augmentation of thrombin-modulated chemotaxis and mitogenic activity within the early phase of soft tissue repair is now possible. Identification of high-affinity thrombin receptor binding domains within thrombin has enabled the synthesis of a family of peptides which interact with thrombin receptors and enhance in vitro mitogenesis. A single (5.0 μg/wound) application of the thrombin receptor-activating peptide (P517-30) significantly increased wound breaking strength from Day 5 (31% over controls) to Day 12. Two models of impaired healing created by radiotherapy (RT) were used to elucidate possible mechanisms of P517-30 action. Although P517-30 did not completely overcome the RT-induced healing impairments, it increased breaking strength under conditions of penetrating whole body RT-induced pancytopenia by 22% and of nonpenetrating surface RT-induced dermal cell damage by 42%. This suggests that P517-30 directly stimulates resident endothelial cells, fibroblasts, or other cells to overcome dermal and circulating monocytic deficits. These results suggest a method to accelerate wound healing with potential clinical applications and emphasize the activity of thrombin as a growth factor.
DISTRIBUTION OF ESCAPE TIMES OVER A FLUCTUATING BARRIER IN A MECHANICAL SYSTEM

We consider the problem of transitions between states of a bistable mechanical system induced by a harmonically, and a randomly oscillating barrier. We study the problem both experimentally and numerically. The system consists of a mass attached to a rotating disk, nonlinearly coupled to a spring subject to an external force. For periodically driven external forces, the transition rate across the barrier increases linearly with the frequency of the driving force until the system reaches the boundary of a chaotic region. Beyond this boundary, the rate drops sharply until it is fully suppressed at the end of this region. When the driving force is stochastic we find that the transition rate also has a maximum, and that its position depends on the rate of switching of the random force.
Preprosthetic minor tooth movement with thermoplastic appliances and interproximal stripping: A clinical report

This clinical report describes preprosthodontic minor tooth movement with serial thermoplastic appliances and interproximal stripping. A patient with rotated and labially tipped anterior teeth sought care with a request for improved appearance. The prosthodontic planning and treatment approach are discussed.
Adaptations to terrestrial overwintering of hatchling northern map turtles, Graptemys geographica

We conducted a 3-year field and laboratory study of winter biology in hatchlings of the northern map turtle ( Graptemys geographica). At our study area in northern Indiana, hatchlings routinely overwintered in their natal nests, emerging after the weather warmed in spring. Winter survival was excellent despite the fact that hatchlings were exposed frequently to subfreezing temperatures (to -5.4 degrees C). In the laboratory, cold-acclimated hatchlings exhibited low rates of evaporative water loss (mean=2.0 mg g(-1) day(-1)), which would enable them to conserve body water during winter. Laboratory-reared hatchlings were intolerant of freezing at -2.5 degrees C for 24 h, conditions that are readily survived by freeze-tolerant species of turtles. Winter survival of hatchling G. geographica probably depended on their extensive capacity for supercooling (to -14.8 degrees C) and their well-developed resistance to inoculative freezing, which may occur when hatchlings contact ice and ice-nucleating agents present in nesting soil. Supercooled hatchlings survived a brief exposure to -8 degrees C. Others, held at -6 degrees C for 5 days, maintained ATP concentrations at control levels, although they did accumulate lactate and glucose, probably in response to tissue hypoxia. Therefore, anoxia tolerance, as evidenced by the viability of hatchlings exposed to N(2) gas for 8 days, may promote survival during exposure to subfreezing temperatures.
Multifocal visual evoked potential responses in glaucoma patients with unilateral hemifield defects

Abstract Purpose To determine whether the multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) technique can detect damage to the visual system in the unaffected hemifields of patients with glaucoma and unilateral hemifield defects. Design Experimental study. Methods Monocular mfVEPs and achromatic automated perimetry (AAP) were obtained in both eyes of 16 patients with open-angle glaucoma and unilateral hemifield defects. The mfVEPs were obtained using a pattern-reversal dartboard array with 60 sectors; the entire display was 44.5 degrees in diameter. For each pair of mfVEP responses an interocular ratio of root-mean-square amplitude was calculated. These values were compared with the mean values obtained from 30 control subjects. Probability plots for MfVEP were derived. A cluster analysis was used to determine whether an mfVEP hemifield was normal or abnormal. Results Three of 60 (5.0%) mfVEP hemifields from control subjects had significant mfVEP deficits based upon a cluster of abnormal points. Significant mfVEP deficits were detected in the affected AAP hemifield in 15 of 16 (93.8%) glaucoma patients and in 6 of 16 patients in hemifields with apparently normal AAP. The percentage of hemifields with abnormal mfVEPs, but normal AAP, was significantly higher for the glaucoma patients than for the controls (37.5% vs 5.0%, P Conclusion In glaucomatous eyes with achromatic visual fields defects limited to one hemifield, the mfVEP technique can detect evidence of glaucomatous damage in the unaffected hemifield.
Vortex problems, rotating spiral structures, and the Hannay-Berry phase

This paper describes the occurence of phase anholonomies in the context of point vortex problems for two-dimensional incompressible flows. After giving a brief description of anholonomic effects in other contexts, we focus attention on the restricted three-vortex problem and a simpler modified problem where the "Hannay-Berry" phase can be computed using multi-scale asymptotic methods. Our main emphasis in this paper is to show how the Hannay-Berry phase arises as the leading term in an asymptotic expansion as the result of a non-uniform limit process. We show how it arises when computing the long time growth rate of passive scalar interfaces as they wrap around vortex cores in the presence of a slowly varying background field due to other vortices, and discuss the results in the context of "spiral-vortex" models for 2D turbulence.
Stimulation of Radiation-Impaired Plasminogen Activator Release by Phorbol Ester in Aortic Endothelial Cells

Ionizing radiation has been reported to affect the fibrinolytic activity of exposed tissue. With cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells, radiation suppresses the release of plasminogen activator to the conditioned media, with a concomitant increase in intracellular plasminogen activator. Thus study was undertaken to determine whether radiation-impaired plasminogen activator release can be modified by phorbol ester. We exposed cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells to a sterilizing dose of 10 Gy of gamma-rays and found the treatment led to cell injury, as evidenced by an increased release of prelabeled chromium, and to a reduction of plasminogen activator in the conditioned media with elevated intracellular plasminogen activator in irradiated cells. Phorbol ester enhanced plasminogen activator activity in both sham-irradiated and irradiated endothelial cells. It was interesting to note that the increased plasminogen activator in phorbol ester-stimulated sham-irradiated cells was largely retained inside the cell, while it was released to the conditioned media in irradiated cells. Apparently, altered plasminogen activator activity of radiation-sterilized endothelial cells can be modified by exogenous stimuli.
The Construct, Measurement, and Impact of Employee Engagement: a Marketing Perspective

In this study, we establish how marketing can play a significant role in extracting value from the crucial management construct—employee engagement (EE). To do so, first, we discuss the construct of EE through a detailed review of the relevant literature and the insights gleaned from our interviews with managers from across five continents. Second, we provide a formal definition for EE, develop scales for measuring EE, and then argue how enhancing EE can improve firm performance. After refining the measurement scales, we collect data from two countries and analyze the process of EE by conducting a path analysis and validating the findings from the popular press articles. This research provides guidance to managers on measuring and managing the different factors that drive employee engagement, thereby generating a blueprint for enhancing the firm’s service delivery, customer satisfaction, and resultant firm performance.
Effect of certain transition-metal oxides on the structure and properties of periclase-chromite refractories

The solubility of the oxides of the transition metals in fused chromium spinellide decreases in the following order: iron oxide, manganese oxide, vanadium oxide, and titanium oxide. This series corresponds to the well known series [12] of increasing atomic volumes of the elements. When firing the periclase-chromite systems based on the chromium spinellides containing the oxides of the transition metals, the migration of these metals into periclase decreases in the following order: iron → manganese → vanadium. It was revealed that the addition of manganese oxide to iron-free chromium spinellide decreases its microhardness. However, in this case, the addition of manganese oxide does not affect the other properties of the specimens.
Evaluation of Phase- and Element Distribution After Non-Traditional In Situ Vitrification (NTISV) at Los Alamos National Laboratory on a Simulated Adsorption Bed

A cold test demonstration of the Geosafe® Non-TraditionalIn-Situ Vitrification technology (NTISV) was performed at a simulated adsorption bed by using commercial-scale equipment. A successful demonstration of NTISV at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is expected to provide a useful technology for remediation needs of EM-40 in the U.S. Department of Energy (DOT) complex on legacy buried waste containing organics and radionuclides in geological environments. Therefore, a simulated test bed including surrogates was prepared to evaluate the impact this technology has on immobilizing radionuclides. The total volume of the cold demonstration vitrification was 3.1 m × 4.6 m × 4.9 m resulting in 176,667 kg of glass or glassy constituents. A drill core sample was removed from the glass monolith and divided into 13 samples to gain spatial (vertical) information about (a) vitrification progress, (b) phase distribution, and (c) element distribution. Based upon optical microscopy, least square and Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction data, the phase constitution was determined and a temperature profile estimated. The glass compositions as well as the concentrations of surrogates and trace metals were analyzed by using X-ray Fluorescence Analysis, Electron-beam Microprobe Analysis, and Scanning Electron Microscopy. In the main melting zone, in the depth range 3.7 m to 6.3 m, NTISV successfully vitrified the geological formation (Bandelier Tuffl Unit 2/3 of Tshirege) and convert it mainly into 98-99 wt.-% silicate-based glass and 1-2 wt.-% iron-based metal inclusions. Within this zone the glass compositions have been found to be nearly constant and the surrogate elements (cerium and cesium) are distributed homogeneously.
Simulation-Based Training across the Medical Education Continuum:

Simulation-based training (SBT) is commonly integrated into medical education. This panel examines current uses of SBT in undergraduate, graduate, and continuing medical education and addresses the...
Punch card output in a small laboratory

Abstract A design is presented for the modification of an IBM 026 keypunch to provide punch card output for a small laboratory computer. Functional interfaces based on this design have been built for the LINC and CAT computers. Circuits, timing diagram, punch codes, and a test program are provided.
An engineering theory of nonlinear viscoelasticity with applications

Abstract Relatively simple stress-strain equations are developed for nonlinear, initially isotropic, viscoelastic materials with constant temperature, and are shown to agree quite well with the actual behavior of unfilled and filled polymers. First, equations for a general state of strain are derived by extending Biot's linear thermodynamic theory to a restricted class of nonlinear behavior. Only two time-dependent relaxation functions appear, and these are just the familiar linear viscoelastic relaxation moduli. The general relations are then specialized to stress-strain equations applicable to uniaxial loading, radial and axial deformation problems of long, circular cylinders, and simple shear with lateral strain. The uniaxial equation yields, as a special case, a nonlinear relaxation modulus that has the familiar form for polymers wherein strain and time-dependence appear as separate factors. Results of experiments on highly-filled polymers are compared with theory for cases in which very small shear vibrations are superposed on static lateral compression and on static shear. Strong nonlinearities are observed with static strains of only a few percent.
On the limiting noise of space-charge-limited solid state diodes

Abstract Measurements on noise in space-charge-limited solid state diodes are reported. The results show that the limiting noise is twice the thermal noise of the differential conductance of the device if transit time effects are unimportant.
cPLA2α Gene Activation by IL-1β is Dependent on an Upstream Kinase pathway, Enzymatic Activation and Downstream 15-lipoxygenase Activity: A Positive Feedback Loop

Abstract Cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) is the most widely studied member of the Group IV PLA2 family. The enzyme is Ca2+-dependent with specificity for phospholipid substrates containing arachidonic acid. As the pinnacle of the arachidonic acid pathway, cPLA2α has a primary role in the biosynthesis of a diverse family of eicosanoid metabolites, with potent physiological, inflammatory and pathological consequences. cPLA2α activity is regulated by pro-inflammatory stimuli through pathways involving increased intracellular Ca2+ levels, phosphorylation coupled to increased enzymatic activity and de novo gene transcription. This study addresses the signal transduction pathways for protein phosphorylation and gene induction following IL-1β stimulation in human fetal lung fibroblasts. Our results utilizing both inhibitors and kinase-deficient cells demonstrate that cPLA2α is phosphorylated within 10 min of IL-1β treatment, an event requiring p38 MAPK as well as the upstream kinase, MKK3/MKK6. Inhibition of p38 MAPK also blocks the phosphorylation of a downstream, nuclear kinase, MSK-1. Our results further demonstrate that the activities of both cPLA2α and a downstream lipoxygenase (15-LOX2) are required for IL-1β-dependent induction of cPLA2α mRNA expression. Overall, these data support an MKK3/MKK6 → p38 MAPK → MSK-1 → cPLA2α → 15-LOX2-dependent, positive feedback loop where a protein's enzymatic activity is required to regulate its own gene induction by a pro-inflammatory stimulus.
Through the Looking Glass: No Wonderland Yet! (The Reciprocal Relationship between Methodology and Models of Reality).

This article discusses the relationship between conceptual frameworks and methodology in psychology. It is argued that our models of reality influence our research in terms of question selection, causal factors hypothesized, and interpretation of data. The position and role of women as objects and agents of research are considered in terms of a sociology of knowledge perspective. Suggestions are offered for a more reflexive psychology.
How much masking is informational masking

It is estimated that 22% of the masking observed in many traditional tone‐in‐noise detection experiments is due to uncertainty associated with trial‐to‐trial variation in the noise waveform.
NEW TAXODIACEOUS SEED CONES FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS OF NEW JERSEY

Nephrostrobus cliffwoodensis gen. et sp. nov., Nephrostrobus bifurcatus sp. nov., and Rho,mbostrobus cliffivoodensis gen. et sp. nov. are described based on anatomical studies of seed cone fragments from the Upper Cretaceous Magothy Formation of New Jersey. These species belong to the Taxodiaceae. As in Sequoia, Sequoiadendron, and Metasequoia, the vascular strands supplying the scale and bract in Nephrostrobus are about equal. These vascular strands are arranged in a reniform pattern resembling that found in Metasequoia, but the orientation differs by 180 degress. Nephrostrobus cliffivoodensis and Nephrostrobus bifurcatus differ from each other in the branching of the complex trace and associated resin canals. Rhombostrobus cliffwoodensis resembles Cunninghamia in the arrangement of vascular strands and associated resin canals in its bract-scale complexes. However, the relative amount of bract and ovuliferous scale making up the complex is more like that in Sequoia. This combination of cone features does not occur in any of the extant genera. Nephrostrobus and Rhombostrobus are not considered to be ancestral to any of the extant taxodiaceous genera, but are extinct members of an ancestral complex from which the extant genera were derived.
STEM role in failure analysis

Abstract The STEM is a technique used in failure analysis that solves the gap between conventional Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and enables the acquisition of high resolution images of a sample mounted on a TEM grid. This paper explains the theory of STEM imaging and presents its application through some failure analysis works preformed with a FEI Strata Dual Beam 235 mounted with a STEM detector and an EDAX Energy dispersive X-ray detector. This technique is essentially used for failure root cause research and is particularly interesting when combined with elemental analysis, as it gives high resolution results when performed on thin samples.
Models of Cosmic Order: Physical Expression of Sacred Space Among the Ancient Maya

The archaeological record, as well as written texts, oral traditions, and iconographic representations, express the Maya perception of cosmic order, including the concepts of quadripartite division and layered cosmos. The ritual act of portioning and layering created spatial order and was used to organize everything from the heavens to the layout of altars. These acts were also metaphors for world creation, world order, and establishing the center as a position of power and authority. This article examines the articulations of these concepts from the level of caches to the level of regions from the past and present in an attempt to understand these ancient perceptions. We emphasize that basic organizational notions of the cosmos permeate all societal levels and argue that scholars should expand their focus to include how the sacred landscape and its related ideology were reproduced in the lives of everyday people.
Effect of Carrier Gas on the Growth and Characteristics of Spin-Capable Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) sheets that can be spun directly from a spin-capable MWCNT forest promise novel applications that utilize the unique and outstanding characteristics of this material. The growth of spin-capable MWCNT forests will be achieved through the understanding of the important factors affecting the forest growth, since the precise conditions necessary for effective spin-capability are extremely sensitive. In this paper, we discuss the effect of carrier gas, the initial catalyst thickness, and the roles of the hydrogen. These factors were investigated in order to assess and understand these critical parameters and thereby develop a repeatable and reliable spin-capable MWCNT growth process.
Micro Contact Printing of DNA Molecules

The development of DNA sensors has attracted substantial research efforts. Such devices could be used for the rapid identification of pathogens in humans, animals, and plant; in the detection of specific genes in animal and plant breeding; and in the diagnosis of human genetic disorders. The first step to fabricate the DNA sensors is the probe immobilization on the suitable substrate. Traditionally, the DNA probes are spotted on the substrate while the technique hardly controlled the small pattern and surface density of DNA probes. The main challenge here is to achieve probe layer uniformity and the nature of the probe layer itself in few micron and sub-micron feature range.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
Features of the Polarity of the Golgi Apparatus of Frog Photoreceptors: Studies with Lectins and with Brefeldin A

The cis-trans polarity of the Golgi apparatus is important in Golgi functioning in glycosylation, sorting and other processes. The present work extends our prior studies on the polarity of the Golgi apparatus of frog (Rana) rod photoreceptors. We demonstrate that Golgi structures with the morphology and distribution of cis elements show the heaviest deposition of osmium. Elements with morphology and cytochemical reactivities resembling trans Golgi structures remain discernible as discrete arrays after exposure of the cells to Brefeldin A. These properties strengthen our identification of cis and trans elements since they are shared with corresponding Golgi structures in other cell types. We have also investigated the binding of lectins to sections prepared by cryoultramicrotomy. We find that Concanavalin A, with probable chief affinity for core mannoses in oligosaccharides, localizes to cis, medial and trans elements of the photoreceptor's Golgi apparatus. Wheat germ agglutinin, with likely affinity at least partly for terminal N-acetylglucosamines, localizes to trans and medial elements. A trans localization is seen with Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA 120), but this lectin binds extensively only after neuraminidase treatments suggesting that its chief affinity is for galactose residues that are penultimate to sialic acids (neuraminic acids) in the native oligosaccharides. Overall, the pattern of lectin binding to Golgi structures that we observe resembles that seen in a variety of other cell types. The distribution of glycosylated molecules we detect in the photoreceptor's Golgi apparatus may bear upon such matters as the unusual features of the glycosylation of mature opsin.
Genetic and environmental influences on the cognitive outcomes of children with fragile X syndrome.

ABSTRACT Objectives To measure the genetic and environmental factors influencing the cognitive outcomes in children with fragile X, a common genetic disorder causing cognitive impairments. Method In-home evaluations were conducted on 120 children (80 boys and 40 girls) with the fragile X full mutation and their unaffected siblings. Results Multiple regression analyses show that the cognitive outcomes for girls with fragile X are most strongly predicted by the mean IQ of their parents, with a small proportion of the variance accounted for by the quality of their home environment. FMR1 protein (FMRP) was associated with girls’ levels of distractibility. Mean parental IQ was associated only with boys’ Performance IQs, while FMRP was associated with boys’ Full Scale IQs. The quality of boys’ home environments accounted for more of the variance in their cognitive outcomes than it did for affected girls. Conclusions Both biological/genetic factors and environmental factors are significant predictors of IQ in children with fragile X syndrome; however, the influence of specific factors differs between girls and boys. These findings lay the foundation for further investigation into biological and environmental interventions.