cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Rural residence is not a risk factor for frequent mental distress: a behavioral risk factor surveillance survey

Residents of rural areas may be at increased risk of mental health problems. If so, public health programs aimed at preventing poor mental health may have to be customized for delivery to rural areas. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between residing in a rural area and frequent mental distress, which is one indicator of poor mental health. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey for the state of Texas was the source of information about obesity, demographic characteristics, and frequent mental distress (FMD). FMD was defined as poor self-rated mental health during at least half of the days in the last month. Adjusted odds for FMD were computed for rural and suburban respondents relative to urban respondents. FMD was found to be independently associated with lower education, being younger, being non-Hispanic, being unmarried, and being female. FMD also was associated with being obese or underweight and suburban residence (relative to metro-central city). FMD was not more common among rural respondents than in the metro-central city. Rural respondents were not at greater risk of frequent mental distress than urban respondents in this sample. Programs seeking to improve community mental health should target persons with less education and extremes in body weight, along with women and single persons, regardless of whether they live in rural or urban areas.
Applications of Family Systems Theory to the Study of Adulthood

Psychologists who study children have emphasized family processes that influence children's psychological well-being and subsequent development, but gerontologists have rarely considered the impact of the family as system in adulthood. Drawing on family systems theories, we show how between- family, within-family, and within-individual differences emerge from family interactions in adulthood. Specifically, we consider how adult behavior might be understood in terms of norms sustained by the larger family system. We present three case studies of adult families to illustrate the ways in which their shared beliefs shape emotional experiences, behavior, and conceptions of self and family in adulthood. The family, as a milieu, continues to exert influence over the day-to-day life of individual members after they are grown.
R̶e̶s̶i̶s̶t̶a̶n̶c̶e̶ censorship is futile

The Internet has become the new battle ground between authoritarian regimes and ordinary individuals who want unimpeded access to information. The immense popularity of online activism and citizen journalism enabled by social media has instigated state level players to partially or completely block access to the Internet. In return, individuals and organizations have been employing various anti-censorship tools to circumvent these restrictions. In this paper, we claim that censorship is futile as not only has it been ineffective in restricting access, it has also had the side effect of popularising blocked content. Using data from Alexa Web rankings, Google Trends, and YouTube Statistics, we quantify the ineffectiveness of state level censorship in Pakistan and Turkey and highlight the emergence of the Streisand Effect . We hope that our findings will, a) prove to governments and other players the futility of their actions, and b) aid citizens around the world in using legal measures to counteract censorship by showing its ineffectiveness.
Glycogen Storage Disease Type III (Glycogen Debranching Enzyme Deficiency): Correlation of Biochemical Defects with Myopathy and Cardiomyopathy

Abstract ▪Objective:To determine whether a specific subtype of glycogen storage disease type III is associated with myopathy and cardiomyopathy. ▪Design:Case series. ▪Setting:Three referral medical...
A model for the perception of temporal patterns

F. Lerdahl and R. Jackendoff (1983) suggested a two-stage model as part of a general theory of rhythmic organization. In the first-stage, well-formedness rules impose 'grammatical' constraints on the set of possible rhythmic groupings. In the second stage, preference rules select the best rhythmic grouping based on listeners' perceptual tendencies. A preliminary model, motivated by the work of Lerdahl and Jackendoff, that attempts to account for some of experimental results in rhythm perception. The model was realized by a recurrent neural network composed of several modules. Simulations explored the model's response to a number of temporal patterns chosen to illustrate various problematic aspects of rhythmic organization. >
Revealed preference, belief, and game theory

The notion of ‘revealed preference’ is unclear and should be abandoned. Defenders of the theory of revealed preference have misinterpreted legitimate concerns about the testability of economics as the demand that economists eschew reference to (unobservable) subjective states. As attempts to apply revealed-preference theory to game theory illustrate with particular vividness, this demand is mistaken.
The many enigmas of intermittent exotropia

The Squint Club, a group of ophthalmologists with strabismus expertise, meets once a year to discuss difficult and unique clinical cases, new ideas about treatment and unique notions of pathophysiology regarding various disorders of ocular motor alignment. It was therefore surprising and noteworthy when several years ago at this meeting the late Arthur Rosenbaum presented a paper in which he stated that he thought the most perplexing and difficult form of strabismus in his practice was intermittent exotropia. Many in the audience were surprised by this statement. An unstated concern was the thought that intermittent exotropia might be too simple a condition for this august body to discuss. After all, intermittent exotropia appears to be an uncomplicated form of strabismus that ought to be easily treated with an expectation of consistent and excellent outcomes since it is characterised by: 1. Occurrence in developmentally and neurologically normal children (unlike the case of infantile exotropia).1 2. Initial normal binocular development at both distance and near fixation. 3. A relatively low incidence of amblyopia which when it does occur is mild.2 4. Occurrence of dissociated strabismus is less common than in infantile forms of strabismus.3 5. Surgery appears to be the treatment of choice for all but the smallest deviations.4 Rosenbaum, however, convincingly made his point by emphasising that there was much that remained enigmatic about intermittent exotropia. These enigmas are not merely of academic interest, he argued, but central to the problems of managing children with intermittent exotropia. He highlighted a number of his concerns regarding intermittent exotropia: 1. The natural history of untreated intermittent exotropia remains incompletely defined.5 2. Even the widely accepted notion that in most cases it deteriorates over time has been challenged.6 3. Precise clinical indications for …
The role of classroom teachers in nutrition and physical education.

Nutrition education and physical education in schools is increasingly being explored as a way to prevent childhood overweight and to promote healthy eating and physical activity habits behaviors. Classroom teachers are often responsible for providing this education. The current study examined the roles and perspectives of elementary school teachers regarding student nutrition, nutrition education, and physical education. Data is from a 2001-2002 study of the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) Nutrition Network. Analyses were based on 78 structured interviews with elementary school teachers. Results showed that teachers perceive their role in nutrition education as teachers, role models, advocates, and motivators. Teachers integrate nutrition education into existing subject areas, and believe that nutrition education results in greater knowledge and healthier food choices. However, teachers report that too little time is spent on nutrition education. Results of this study also indicate that classroom teachers are often responsible for physical education (PE). Teachers believe PE has a positive effect on the school community and on student fitness, but the effect is limited due to lack of structure and lack of time in PE class. Teachers report barriers to both nutrition education and physical education, including other classes taking up too much time, limited teacher training, and a lack of adequate equipment and facilities. Findings suggest that more resources including teacher training, time, curricula and textbooks, and equipment need to be allocated for nutrition education and physical education at the elementary school level.
Fifty years since Silent Spring.

Rachel Carson's 1962 Silent Spring exposed both observed and potential environmental and health externalities of the increasing organochlorine and organophosphate insecticide use in the United States post–World War II. Silent Spring was a critical component in a popular movement that resulted in increased regulation and the development of safer pesticides. Most changes in pesticide use in the global north have involved pesticide substitutions, although riskier pesticides remain in use. Many ideas in Silent Spring are compatible with the theory of integrated pest management (IPM), and IPM has been broadly embraced in the United States and internationally as a strategy for achieving least-use and/or least-risk pesticide use in agriculture. IPM is a politically feasible policy that purports to reduce pesticide use and/or risk in agriculture but often does not, except in extreme cases of pesticide overuse that result in negative agricultural/economic consequences for growers.
Decreased risk of subsequent colonic cancer in patients undergoing polypectomy after barium enema: analysis based on data from the preendoscopic era.

Published data from the Mayo Clinic gathered during the preendoscopic era were analyzed to show that the risk of subsequent colonic carcinoma is reduced in patients with benign-appearing polyps that are revealed by radiology who then undergo polypectomy.Data from the Mayo Clinic gathered during a 6-year period before the availability of endoscopy were used to determine the effect on the subsequent risk of colonic carcinoma if the benign-appearing polyps initially revealed by radiology had been removed rather than left in place and followed up by serial barium enemas. Data were from 226 patients with benign-appearing polypoid lesions of the colon that were 1 cm in diameter or larger and had been followed up by periodic barium enemas. The period of radiologic surveillance was 12-229 months (mean, 68 months). Between two and 17 barium enemas (mean, 5.2) were performed on each patient. The clinical follow-up period was 12-242 months (mean, 140 months).Twenty-one adenocarcinomas developed at the site of the in...
SI-SMART: Functional test generation for RTL circuits using loop abstraction and learning recurrence relationships

We present SI-SMART, a hybrid Swarm Intelligence and Satisfiability Modulo theory based Automatic Register Transfer level test generator. Traditional Bounded Model Checking (BMC) or symbolic execution based methods depend upon multi-cycle circuit unrolling/analysis for stimuli generation. The presence of loops in the design under test (DUT) typically limits such methods, resulting in lower design coverage. SI-SMART tackles this problem by eliminating explicit unrolling of the control flow graph (CFG). This is achieved by abstracting loops present in the design under test (DUT) and attempting to learn the recurrence relations among the variables that directly or indirectly affect the target branch condition. An SMT solver is used to find correlations between the inputs and the target branches. This learned knowledge is later fed back to a combination of Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) and Hooke Jeeves method to attempt to reach the uncovered branches. SI-SMART is evaluated on several difficult variants of ITC99 benchmark circuits. 100% branch coverage is achieved in almost all circuits with significant improvement in branch coverage, test sequence lengths and execution times over existing methods.
Can quadrotors succeed as an educational platform

The flexibility and controllability of quadrotor helicopters have made them a recent focus of interest among robotics and AI research groups. At the same time, their popularity has led to a wide range of commercially available platforms, some at prices accessible for undergraduate educational use. This project evaluates the ARDrone quadrotor helicopter as a basis for use in undergraduate classes such as robotics, computer vision, or embodied AI. We have encountered both successes and frustrations in using the ARDrone to date. Looking forward, the quadrotor's capabilities do seem a promising basis for future curricular offerings.
Systematic chemoenzymatic synthesis of O-sulfated sialyl Lewis x antigens

O-Sulfated sialyl Lewis x antigens play important roles in nature. However, due to their structural complexity, they are not readily accessible by either chemical or enzymatic synthetic processes. Taking advantage of a bacterial sialyltransferase mutant that can catalyze the transfer of different sialic acid forms from the corresponding sugar nucleotide donors to Lewis x antigens, which are fucosylated glycans, as well as an efficient one-pot multienzyme (OPME) sialylation system, O-sulfated sialyl Lewis x antigens containing different sialic acid forms and O-sulfation at different locations were systematically synthesized by chemoenzymatic methods.
Extracting F 2 Λ ( q 2 ) / F 2 Σ Λ ( q 2 ) from p ( e , e ′ K + ) Λ → / Σ → 0 polarizations?

In kaon electroproduction, ${p(e,e}^{\ensuremath{'}}{K}^{+})Y\ensuremath{\rightarrow}$ $(Y=\ensuremath{\Lambda}$,${\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{0})$, hyperon polarization is an observable which arises from interference between resonant ${(N}^{*}$,${\ensuremath{\Delta}}^{*})$ and nonresonant amplitudes involving the hyperon anomalous magnetic form factors ${F}_{2}^{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}{(q}^{2})$ and ${F}_{2}^{\ensuremath{\Sigma}\ensuremath{\Lambda}}{(q}^{2})$. Within the framework of an effective hadronic field Lagrangian model we investigate the possibility suggested by Williams and Truman that the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$/${\ensuremath{\Sigma}}^{0}$ polarized cross section ratio may be approximately proportional to the form factor ratio ${F}_{2}^{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}{/F}_{2}^{\ensuremath{\Sigma}\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ and independent of the dominant ${N}^{*}$ amplitude. We illustrate both the simplified case where the relation between the form factor and polarized cross section ratio is an identity and the sensitivity due to dynamical assumptions about nearby resonances and the ${g}_{\mathrm{KN}\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ coupling constant.
Spectroscopic Double Stars

In a binary star the orbital motion superimposes its radial component as a periodic term upon the constant radial velocity of the center of mass. Often the lines of both component stars are seen separated and showing opposite Doppler motions; in a few cases even the lines of three stars can be distinguished in one spectrum, as was first seen in ADS 8189 and more recently in some similar visual pairs with spectroscopic sub-systems. Sometimes the duplicity is recognized when two sets of lines evidently belong to different spectral types (composite spectra) even though the Doppler shift may be too small to be found (due to a long period or a low inclination), and sometimes the pair under investigation will be already known as a photometric binary. Yet all of these cases are minorities. In general a brightness difference of one magnitude suffices to obliterate the spectrum of the secondary star (except in combinations of an F to M type giant with a B or A type star when the strong lines of the secondary can penetrate the primary spectrum at larger magnitude differences), In addition, the restriction to short-period pairs is more severe for double-lined binaries since a measurable line splitting requires a fairly high orbital velocity. Although recent studies of high-resolution spectra by microdensitometer scans achieved the discovery of weak secondary lines in several apparently single-lined systems, about 80% of the spectroscopic pairs still belong to the single-lined stars. The intrinsic broadening of a spectral line sets a threshold beyond which a further increase of spectral dispersion does not help.
The physiological behavior of glucosane.

The anhydrosugar, glucosane (C6H10O5), and its polymer, tetra-glucosane, are widely used in Germany in the dietary treatment of diabetes. These substances are reputed to be oxidized by the diabetic since, according to Nothmann and Kuhnau1 and others, no extra urinary sugar results after its administration, no rise in blood sugar occurs thereafter, and an antiketogenic and protein sparing action follows its ingestion. It is likewise claimed to be glycogenic.In the present paper we have investigated the behavior of “Salabrose,” a commercial tetra-glucosane preparation obtained from Germany, and have administered it orally, subcutaneously, and intraperitoneally to normal and phlorhizinized dogs. In order to determine whether glucosane might be excreted unchanged in the urine or feces following its administration, it has been quantitatively determined by reconversion to glucose by boiling for a short interval with dilute mineral acid. It was found that boiling for 15 minutes with 20 or 30 per cent HC1 destroy...
Mission Analysis and Aircraft Sizing of a Hybrid-Electric Regional Aircraft

The purpose of this study was to explore advanced airframe and propulsion technologies for a small regional transport aircraft concept (approximately 50 passengers), with the goal of creating a conceptual design that delivers significant cost and performance advantages over current aircraft in that class. In turn, this could encourage airlines to open up new markets, reestablish service at smaller airports, and increase mobility and connectivity for all passengers. To meet these study goals, hybrid-electric propulsion was analyzed as the primary enabling technology. The advanced regional aircraft is analyzed with four levels of electrification, 0 percent electric with 100 percent conventional, 25 percent electric with 75 percent conventional, 50 percent electric with 50 percent conventional, and 75 percent electric with 25 percent conventional for comparison purposes. Engine models were developed to represent projected future turboprop engine performance with advanced technology and estimates of the engine weights and flowpath dimensions were developed. A low-order multi-disciplinary optimization (MDO) environment was created that could capture the unique features of parallel hybrid-electric aircraft. It is determined that at the size and range of the advanced turboprop: The battery specific energy must be 750 watt-hours per kilogram or greater for the total energy to be less than for a conventional aircraft. A hybrid vehicle would likely not be economically feasible with a battery specific energy of 500 or 750 watt-hours per kilogram based on the higher gross weight, operating empty weight, and energy costs compared to a conventional turboprop. The battery specific energy would need to reach 1000 watt-hours per kilogram by 2030 to make the electrification of its propulsion an economically feasible option. A shorter range and/or an altered propulsion-airframe integration could provide more favorable results.
Effect of direct sunlight, diffuse daylight and heat on potency of botulinus toxin in culture mediums and vegetable products. XXIV

Van Ermengen,' Thorn, Edmondson and Giltner,2 Burke, Elder and Pischel," Orr and others have reported observations on the destructive action of direct sun and diffuse daylight and of heat on the toxin elaborated by B. botulinus in various mediums. In the light of recent epidemiologic studies, it appears advisable to broaden the findings of these workers by additional experiments. The data may be conveniently presented under three different headings: (A) The destruction of the toxin by exposure to sun and to diffuse daylight. (B) The destruction of the toxin produced by the growth of the anaerobe in culture mediums in preserved vegetables by exposure to a temperature of 80 C. (C) The destruction of the disease-producing properties of toxic vegetables by heat applied to the canned products under conditions similar to those practiced in the household.
Advancements in Centralized Protection and Control Within a Substation

Smart-grid development focusing on renewable energy sources is changing power system characteristics at a time when utilities are also focusing on improving customer service and resiliency of the grid. All of these activities require renewed attention to safety, protection, and control strategies that take advantage of available technologies while promoting newer ones. To explore better utilization of present technologies and chart the development of next generation protection and control technologies, the IEEE Power System Relaying Committee formed a working group to prepare a report describing and analyzing state-of-the-art and emerging technologies for centralized protection and control within a substation. When appropriately applied, these novel practical technologies may significantly improve the reliability of protection and control systems and the power grid. This paper reviews the key advancements in centralized protection and control systems.
Specialty-Based Global Payment: A New Phase in Payment Reform.

This Viewpoint discusses Medicare’s new Oncology Care Model and how it may serve as a model for specialty-based global payment.
A Survey Of Parallel Algorithms For One-Dimensional Integer Knapsack Problems

AbstractThis article surveys several methods that can be used to solve integer knapsack problems on a variety of parallel computing architectures. Parallel algorithms designed for a variety of one-dimensional knapsack problems on both theoretical PRAM models of computation and existing parallel architectures are examined. First, exact parallel algorithms for one-dimensional exact sum, unbounded, and 0/1 knapsack problems are reviewed. These algorithms were developed from sequential table-based approaches, dynamic programming formulations, and reduction to circuit-valued or prefix convolution problems. Next, greedy algorithms and approximation algorithms for the one-dimensional subset sum, subset product, and 0/1 knapsack problems are also discussed. Experimental results that have been reported in the literature are summarized throughout this report.
Anaplasma marginale Actively Modulates Vacuolar Maturation during Intracellular Infection of Its Tick Vector, Dermacentor andersoni.

Tick-borne transmission of bacterial pathogens in the Order Rickettsiales is responsible for a diversity of infectious diseases, many of them severe, in both humans and animals. Transmission dynamics differ among these pathogens and are reflected in the pathogen-vector interaction. Anaplasma marg inale has been shown to establish and maintain infectivity within Dermacentor spp. for weeks to months while escaping the complex network of vacuolar peptidases responsible for digestion of the tick blood meal. How this prolonged maintenance of infectivity in a potentially hostile environment is effected has been unknown. Using the natural vector Dermacentor andersoni , we demonstrated that A. marginale -infected tick vacuoles (AmVs) concurrently recruit markers of the early (Rab5), recycling (Rab4 and Rab11) and late endosome (Rab7), are maintained near neutral pH, do not fuse with lysosomes, exclude the protease cathepsin L, and engage the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi for up to 21d post infection. Maintenance of this safe vacuolar niche requires active A. marginale protein synthesis; in its absence the AmVs mature into acidic, protease-active phagolysosomes. Identification of this bacterial directed modeling of the tick midgut endosome provides a mechanistic basis for examination of differences in transmission efficiency observed among A. marginale strains and among vector populations. Importance Ticks transmit a variety of intracellular bacterial pathogens that cause significant diseases in humans and animals. For successful transmission, these bacterial pathogens must first gain entry into the tick midgut digestive cells, avoid digestion and establish a replicative niche without harming the tick vector. Little is known about how this replicative niche is established and maintained. Using the ruminant pathogen A. marginale and its natural tick vector, D. andersoni , this study describes the features of the A. marginale niche in the tick midgut and demonstrates that A. marginale protein synthesis is required for maintenance of this niche. This work opens a new line of inquiry about the pathogen effectors and their targets within the tick that mediate tick-pathogen interactions and ultimately serve as the determinants of pathogen success.
Encoding of shape and orientation of objects indented into the monkey fingerpad by populations of slowly and rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors.

Khalsa, Partap S., Robert M. Friedman, Mandayam A. Srinivasan, and Robert H. LaMotte. Encoding of shape and orientation of objects indented into the monkey fingerpad by populations of slowly and ra...
Early Childhood Teachers' use of Specific Praise Statements with Young Children at Risk for Behavioral Disorders:

This study investigated the effectiveness of a training designed to increase early childhood teachers' use of specific praise statements to address problem behaviors demonstrated by children at ris...
Review: The Way of Science: Finding Truth and Meaning in a Scientific Worldview by Dennis R. Trumble

The Way of Science: Finding Truth and Meaning in a Scientific Worldview . By Dennis R. Trumble. 2013. Prometheus Books. (ISBN 9781616147563). 346 pp. Paperback. $20.00. I recently attended a conference in Washington, D.C., where scientists and theologians from around the country got together to discuss the importance of understanding the science of nature through the nature of science (i.e., the processes and mechanisms of science). At a time of critical scientific and human challenges such as climate change, nuclear proliferation, human overpopulation, massive habitat destruction, and the loss of biodiversity, along with constant misinformation in the mass and social media (e.g., alien encounters and chemtrails), The Way of Science: Finding Truth and Meaning in a Scientific Worldview provides a much needed counteractive, and reason to hope for the future. Recent polling data indicate that just over 50% of Americans believe in special creation, and of those polled, about 40% believe that humans lived during the same time as dinosaurs. Although most people appreciate science on a technological level (e.g., the benefits of modern …
The Structure of Capitalism

Capitalism did not spring from some noble heritage or acute sense of self-purpose. Rather, it very slowly evolved, after the fall of Rome, from the initial pack trains of the burgher merchants. Heilbroner describes capitalism as emerging ‘slowly, painfully, and without any sense of fulfilling a historic mission — during a thousand-year period we call feudalism’ (Heilbroner 1993a, 50). The highly collective and strictly hierarchical social structure of Rome is, on the surface, incompatible with the capitalist system. Any belief in self-fulfillment and individual rights was still hundreds of years in the future. If capitalism had spontaneously risen to combat Roman intolerance it would be easier to relate to its success. ,In reality, capitalism was born after a thousand-year gestation; punctuated with disease, famine and human misery. Finding an appropriate method of viewing capitalism’s character and heritage is a very difficult endeavour.
Unpacking services trade during the Great Trade Collapse: time series evidence for the US

This study investigates the apparent resilience of services trade during the 2008–2009 global recession by analyzing the time-series behavior of aggregate US services exports and imports over 1987–2014. It finds evidence of structural instability in the long-run trade equations but little evidence it is coincident with the global recession. It also uncovers a distinct pattern in the income elasticity of business services trade: a large long-run value but a significantly smaller short-run value. Combined with its large weight in total US services trade, the limited short-run demand response of business services trade dampened the effect of the economic downturn on aggregate services trade. Far from being an anomaly, the response of US services trade to the 2008–2009 global recession was consistent with its time-series and compositional characteristics.
Social Capital, Stereotype Threat, and the Myth of Effort: A Narrative of Two Culturally Responsive Education Initiatives

Because we are social animals, what we know can most often be traced to the knowledge of others whose own human and cultural capital connections in micro-networks serve as our first knowledge resources for learning. This is evident in the example of how infants assimilate the languages (sometimes multiple languages) of their first micro-networks of family. Educators are well positioned in civil society to train students to access knowledge resources beyond the reach of their first networks. Educators can overtly train students to design and implement plans for expanding their connections to social capital micro-networks of people who know what a student wants or needs to know. This paper discusses two field projects to train community college students, faculty and staff to analyze, design and develop social capital connections of knowledge. The paper also conveys the theory that underpins the studies (J. Coleman, C. Steele, and C. Dweck) and several intriguing paths for further investigation that have emerged as Freirian "generative themes" during workshops this year, which trained hundreds of community college professional and students. One such path stems from the competing notions of effort-the myth of ineffective individual student effort versus a strategy of effective effort in which students are trained first to understand the importance of social capital in their education and trained to take action to design and access social capital resources for further learning, knowledge sharing, and empowerment through group social action. A discussion of the role of social media in new student designs for action might also be of interest.
Treatment of transthyretin cardiomyopathy with a TTR-specific antisense oligonucleotide (IONIS-TTRRx).

Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is a systemic form of amyloidosis associated with at least 130 genetic mutations in TTR. Most forms of ATTR are associated with neuropathy, but cardiomyopathy may b...
Effective Organizational and Coaching Strategies for Youth Traveling Teams

In today's competitive world, many young people are getting involved in organized sports at an early age. Every single child deserves a coach who will consider the influence he or she has on the lives of their players and their love of the game. These young athletes need a mentor who leads with character and is committed to teaching them about the fundamentals of sport and, more importantly, the fundamentals of life. An effective coach has an enormous impact on the participation, skill-development, and attitudes of youth in organized sport. This article provides effective strategies for the leadership, managerial and strategic responsibilities that accompany the coaching of youth traveling teams.
Interferon-γ treatment in vitro elicits some of the changes in cathepsin S and antigen presentation characteristic of lacrimal glands and corneas from the NOD mouse model of Sjögren’s Syndrome

Inflammation and impaired secretion by lacrimal and salivary glands are hallmarks of the autoimmune disease, Sjogren's Syndrome. These changes in the lacrimal gland promote dryness and inflammation of the ocular surface, causing pain, irritation and corneal damage. The changes that initiate and sustain autoimmune inflammation in the lacrimal gland are not well-established. Here we demonstrate that interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is significantly elevated in lacrimal gland and tears of the male NOD mouse, a model of autoimmune dacryoadenitis which exhibits many ocular characteristics of Sjogren's Syndrome, by 12 weeks of age early in lacrimal gland inflammation. Working either with primary cultured lacrimal gland acinar cells from BALB/c mice and/or rabbits, in vitro IFN-γ treatment for 48 hr decreased expression of Rab3D concurrent with increased expression of cathepsin S. Although total cellular cathepsin S activity was not commensurately increased, IFN-γ treated lacrimal gland acinar cells showed a significant increase in carbachol-stimulated secretion of cathepsin S similar to the lacrimal gland in disease. In vitro IFN-γ treatment did not increase the expression of most components of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-mediated antigen presentation although antigen presentation was slightly but significantly stimulated in primary cultured lacrimal gland acinar cells. However, exposure of cultured human corneal epithelial cells to IFN-γ more robustly increased expression and activity of cathepsin S in parallel with increased expression and function of MHC class II-mediated antigen presentation. We propose that early elevations in IFN-γ contribute to specific features of ocular disease pathology in Sjogren's Syndrome.
A Theory of Rule-Structure and Types of Episodes and a Study of Perceived Enmeshment in Undesired Repetitive Patterns (“URPs”)

This paper is a major extension of a theory called “The Coordinated Management of Meaning” and includes an empirical test of certain aspects of that theory. The model for regulative rules developed...
Purchasing Production Equipment: Cameras

We now step away from the intellectual exercises of figuring out how you will construct your story to discuss the choices of cameras that you can purchase for filming. Indeed, filming requires much more gear than a camera, including tripods and microphones; however, it is appropriate to dedicate a chapter to helping you discover the various types of cameras that are on the market. The different camera types, such as sport cameras or DSLRs, fill different niches for use. Filming sports, interviews , instructional videos, or landscapes each have unique limitations and qualities for which specific cameras are better suited. Camera equipment is expensive and each device necessitates time for learning. Knowing the style of filming that you wish to undertake will simplify your camera shopping experience. This chapter will help you understand the best cameras for your filming applications so that you don’t overburden yourself or buy yourself into a corner.
Isomer ratios for some (n,γ) reactions

Abstract Isomer ratios were measured for capture of thermal and epi-cadmium neutrons by Se80, Rh103, Pd108, Te128 and Cs133. These experimental values and all similar data in the literature are compared with a Fermi gas theory. In general the agreement between theory and experiment is satisfactory. However, a number of individual discrepancies do exist and indicate a need for more measurements.
Random peptide synthesis using immobilized enzymes in high concentrations of organic solvents

Trypsin, leucine aminopeptidase, and carboxypeptidase B were separately immobilized on controlled pore glass and reacted with a dipeptide substrate in high concentrations of either acetone or 1-propanol. Hydrolytic activity was demonstrated and evidence for the possible synthesis of peptide polymer is presented. Directed synthesis using amino acids and blocked amino acids as substrates was not successful.
Determinants of the Current Account Balances among Central and Eastern European Countries in the European Union

This study examines whether the financial market development and integration have affected the current account balances in the European Union (EU) countries in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) during 1996–2015. First, the results suggest that the higher bank credit flows have resulted in the current account deficits especially after EU accession. The larger pool of bank lending flows due to the foreign mergers and acquisitions has helped finance domestic investment. This has led to the larger current account deficits. Second, the results indicate that the larger stock market size due to EU accession has caused current account surpluses rather than deficits. This contradicts the findings of previous studies, which find that higher financial market development leads to current account deficit. Finally, the result confirms that financial integration has facilitated higher current account deficits. The European Monetary Union has eliminated the regulatory restrictions on cross-border capital flows. The increase in foreign capital inflows has helped finance the growing local consumption and investment needs, which has made the CEE countries run the larger current account deficits.
Plastic recycling and waste reduction in the hospitality industry: Current challenges and some potential solutions

Every year, the hospitality industry creates millions of tons of avoidable waste globally. While conspicuous consumption is the hallmark of the industry, leaders of the industry have come to the realization that it cannot go on forever. Added to that, the surge of eco-conscious guests and other pressure groups provide the industry players an increased level of impetus for introducing positive change in terms waste reduction and recycling. This paper addresses the current effort the hospitality industry is undertaking to reduce waste and recycle plastic goods and the challenges to be overcome in that process. To explain the contemporary practice, it brings in examples of hotels, resorts, and restaurants chains that are currently implementing recycling or reducing waste programs.
Nonpharmacologic Approaches to Pain Management with IUD Insertion

Nonpharmacologic modalities for pain and anxiety prevention and management related to IUD insertion are numerous, and many are easy to use. These modalities, ranging from diaphragmatic breathing to acupuncture, have the potential to support adolescent and young adult patients in combination with pharmacologic modalities—or on their own when pharmacological modalities are contraindicated, ineffective, or unavailable. This chapter will describe the range of nonpharmacologic treatment options available for IUD-related pain, and discuss how to integrate nonpharmacologic treatment options for adolescents and young adults for pain management in to your clinical practice.
Ultrasound Imaging Is Reliable for Tibialis Posterior Size Measurements

OBJECTIVES The tibialis posterior (TP) is a vital muscle for controlling the medial longitudinal arch of the foot during weight-bearing activities. Dysfunction of this muscle is associated with a variety of pathologic conditions; thus, it is important to reliably assess its morphologic characteristics. Ultrasound (US) has been used to assess characteristics of TP tendons but not the muscle cross-sectional area (CSA). The purpose of this study was to establish a reliable US technique to measure the TP CSA and thickness. METHODS Twenty-three healthy volunteers participated. We evaluated the CSA and thickness at 4 measurement locations (anterior and posterior views at both 30% and 50% of the shank length). RESULTS The participants included 12 female and 11 male volunteers (mean age ± SD, 31.23 ± 14.93 years). Excellent reliability was seen for the CSA and thickness at all locations (intraclass correlation coefficients, 0.988-0.998). Limits of agreement (LoA) and standard errors of the measurement (SEMs) were slightly lower at the 30% locations (LoA at 30%, 4.6-9.2; LoA at 50%, 6.4-9.7; SEM at 30%, 0.03-0.05; SEM at 50%, 0.04-0.07). Strong correlations were seen between anterior and posterior measurements of the CSA (30%, r = 0.99; P < .0001; 50%, r = 0.94; P < .0001) and thickness (30%, r = 0.98; P < .0001; 50%, r = 0.95; P = .0001). CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, the TP can be measured accurately with US at any of the tested locations. Due to the ease of collection and the quality of the data, we recommend the anterior view at 30% of the shank length to measure the CSA. The ability to assess muscle size of the TP will aid in a variety of medical and research applications.
Cosmopolitan Hospitality, Care, and Respect

From the outset Kant’s ethics was cosmopolitan. Universalization, the principle of humanity, the cosmopolitan rights to hospitality and the public use of reason, ethics as determining international law within the framework of a peace federation, are each cosmopolitan concerns.
Q-PIM: A Genetic Algorithm based Flexible DNN Quantization Method and Application to Processing-In-Memory Platform

This paper presents a genetic algorithm (GA) based training free layer-wise quantization method, named as GAQ, to reduce model complexity of arbitrary DNN architectures. The proposed algorithm formulates an optimization problem to determine the quantization level for each DNN layer under the constrain of maximum accuracy degradation and uses genetic algorithm to solve the problem at the inference stage of any pre-trained DNN models. The experimental results on various DNNs for image classification demonstrate 5x to 17x weight compression rate with insignificant (< 2%) accuracy loss, comparable with existing quantization algorithms which typically require multi-pass retraining and handcrafted tuning. To evaluate the computational benefits of GAQ, we present a SRAM based flexible precision all-digital processing-in-memory (PIM) architecture, named as Q-PIM, that leverages GAQ to optimally control precision for each DNN layer to enhance efficiency. The simulation in 28nm CMOS shows potential for significant energy and latency advantage over fixed-precision PIM architectures.
The Total Population Size of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' Inside the Phloem of Citrus Trees and the Corresponding Metabolic Burden Related to Huanglongbing Disease Development.

‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas) is the predominant causal agent of citrus huanglongbing, the most devastating citrus disease worldwide. CLas colonizes phloem tissue and causes phloem dys...
A General Equilibrium Approach to Taxonomy of Institutional Proxies for Innovation Outcomes

This study develops a new formal theoretical rubric for ranking of proxies for institutional factors that, conceptually, have taxonomy of either of facilitators of, or constraints on economic development. Illustrative implementations of the formal theoretical rubric reveal that spending on each of elementary or secondary education has taxonomy, not of social capital, but of `Productive Capability'. Conditional on optimal spending on primary and secondary education, stock markets are beneficial for welfare of individuals, and are shown to have taxonomy, not of investment capability, but of `Innovation Capability'. An hitherto unexplored factor shown to rank high as facilitator of economic development is `Policy Capability' that incentivizes export orientation within a domestic economy. Alongside spending on education, and stock market size, this policy capability is shown to be more important for realization of economic development than the stock of physical capital within an economy. All rank preferences are shown to satisfy the Strong Axiom of Revealed Preference (SARP). Empirical tests reveal importance of availability and application of formal theoretical rubrics to characterization and interpretation of effects of institutional factors that, conceptually, have taxonomy of facilitators of, or constraints on economic development.
Analysis of economic power lfa of villages in the region of Prachatice.

In our work we analysed opinions of reasons and signs of economic weakness of villages. The respondents´ opinions of possibilities how to improve the economic weakness of villages and the importance of sources of funding in this article. LFA areas are evaluated as less favoured areas. When we globally evaluate economic weakness of villages we have demonstrated that with increasing number of people living in the village the perception of the village as economically weak is reduced. The greatest cause of economic weakness of villages is considered a high proportion of elderly people and low share of university educated people and poor transport accessibility. Definitely the greatest demonstration of this weakness is the aging population. Options to improve the economic situation of most villages are perceived in strengthening tourism, transport service and services. Analysis of sources of financing for villages showed that the most common source of financing are own resources followed by resources from EU funds, ministries and government. Cooperation with the private sector or other sources of funding are negligible. Today European funds seem to be increasingly important. More than ¾ population consider this source of funding very important.
The New Militant Press

In the summer of 1829, the opposition press began transforming its character from that of a critic to an active and calculating antagonist. The first stirrings of this shift were provoked by the appointment of Polignac’s Cabinet and its first clear manifestation was seen in the widely disseminated propaganda for the Breton Association which advocated legal resistance by taxpayers, a program which will be described in the following chapter. The initial tirades of the liberal journals against the nomination of the Polignac Ministry, however, were merely an intensification of their old editorial role of critical opposition, a policy mainly of holding the line, maintaining the fervor of the liberal camp, and feeding its flames of partisan indignation. These had been the polices of that middle-class giant, the Constitutionnel, of the Courrier Francais, and since Villele’s rise to power, of the royalist Debats. The old journalism had included heavy doses of anticlerical propaganda and exaggerated warnings of a threat from the Jesuits. The older policy had attempted to educate the eighty thousand electors of France in their political rights and responsibilities, through publicity of the electoral society Aide-toi, but it had not attempted to mold political philosophies or direct strategies.