cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Layered, Multi-Threaded, High-Level Performance Design

A primary goal of high-level modeling is to efficiently explore a broad design space, converging on an optimal or near-optimal system architecture before moving to a more detailed design. This paper evaluates a high-level, layered software-on-hardware performance modeling environment called MESH that captures coarse-grained, interacting system elements. The validity of the high-level model is established by comparing the outcome of the high-level model with a corresponding low-level, cycle-accurate instruction set simulator. We model a network processor and show that both high and low level models converge on the same architecture when design modifications are classified as good or bad performance impacts.
Identifying Restoration Opportunities for Northern White Cedar by Contrasting Historical and Modern Inventories in an Ecological Classification System Context

We propose an approach toward identifying restoration opportunities on the landscape using historical Public Land Survey (PLS) data and modern Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data within an ecological classification system (ECS) context, and demonstrate this approach for northern white cedar ( Thuja occidentalis ) in Minnesota, U.S.A. Concern over long-term declines in the abundance of northern white cedar, particularly in younger ( approach could facilitate the prioritization of potential restoration candidate areas by revealing population dynamics in a temporal context that match the life span of the species of interest.
Jil-1, a Chromosomal Kinase Implicated in Regulation of Chromatin Structure, Associates with the Male Specific Lethal (Msl) Dosage Compensation Complex

JIL-1 is a novel chromosomal kinase that is upregulated almost twofold on the male X chromosome in Drosophila. Here we demonstrate that JIL-1 colocalizes and physically interacts with male specific lethal (MSL) dosage compensation complex proteins. Furthermore, ectopic expression of the MSL complex directed by MSL2 in females causes a concomitant upregulation of JIL-1 to the female X that is abolished in msl mutants unable to assemble the complex. Thus, these results strongly indicate JIL-1 associates with the MSL complex and further suggests JIL-1 functions in signal transduction pathways regulating chromatin structure.
Experimental implementation of an adaptive neural network tracking controller for motion control of step motors

Two distinct multilayer perception neural networks (NNs) are implemented via laboratory experiment to simultaneously identify and adaptively control the trajectory tracking of a hybrid step motor assumed to operate in a high-performance drives environment. A neural network identifier (NNI) which captures the nonlinear dynamics of the stepper motor drive system (SMDS) over any arbitrary time interval in its range of operation, and a neural network controller (NNC) to provide the necessary control actions as to achieve trajectory tracking of the rotor speed. The NNC is constructed as a feedback signal depending on the current state of the drive system supplies by the NNI and the reference trajectory we wish the outputs to follow. The two NNs are on-line trained using dynamic back-propagation algorithm. The composite structure is used as a speed controller for the SMDS. Performance of the composite controller is evaluated through a laboratory experiment. Experimental results show the effectiveness of this approach, and demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed controller in high performance drives.
Rate equations for a three-level system

Time-dependent rate equations for the populations of a three-level molecular system are derived from the density matrix in the limit, in which the dephasing time is shorter than any relevant time scale, and the cross relaxation (dephasing) times are faster than the time scale characterizing changes in the envelope of the pumping field. These equations reduce to results obtained by other authors when non-linear two photon effects and power broadening are neglected.
Impaired tactile processing in children with autism spectrum disorder

Impaired responses to tactile stimulation are a commonly reported symptom among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Furthermore, impairments in filtering or habituation to tactile input have been described in ASD. This study measured different aspects of tactile processing to investigate atypical touch sensitivity in children with ASD, methodology that has not been previously used in this population. Sixty-seven typically developing children (TDC) and 32 children with ASD (ages 8–12) completed vibrotactile tasks assessing: reaction time (RT); static and dynamic detection threshold (DT); amplitude discrimination with and without single-site adaptation; frequency discrimination; and temporal order judgment (TOJ) with and without concurrent stimulation. Children with ASD showed raised static detection thresholds and an absence of the effect of a dynamically increasing subthreshold stimulus on static detection threshold. Children with ASD also showed poorer amplitude discrimination than TDC, as well as decreased adaptation. There were no significant differences in frequency discrimination or TOJ performance between the groups. Differences in the effect of dynamic stimulation on detection threshold suggest impaired feed-forward inhibition in autism, which may be linked to poor sensory filtering. Increased baseline amplitude discrimination thresholds in ASD suggest that lateral inhibitory connections are weaker in ASD, and an absence of the effect of adaptation suggests impaired modulation of lateral inhibitory connections in ASD, which may relate to aberrant habituation. These results suggest a functional deficit in the somatosensory inhibitory system in autism. Understanding the specific mechanisms underlying sensory symptoms in autism may allow for more specific therapeutic or drug targeting in the near future.
THE LIFE HISTORY OF THE AMBROSIA BEETLE XYLOTERINUS POLITUS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

Head capsule measurements of the ambrosia beetle Xyloterinus politus (Say) revealed three larval instars. The xylomycetophagous larvae lengthened their cradles and a positive correlation existed between head width and cradle length. A sex factor of 0.84 was in favor of the female adults. Dissection of active galleries revealed only a single female per gallery. Males were never seen to initiate or excavate a gallery and were forced from the entrance hole by the female when placed in an active attack. The gallery system studied was simple, the entrance hole penetrated into the sapwood for a variable distance before it branched into secondary tunnels at right angles to the main gallery.Eggs were laid singly in cup-shaped cradles excavated by the female. The cradle openings were plugged with frass throughout the duration of the immature stages. Callow adults emerged from the cradles by forcing the frass plug covering the entrance, and re-entered, their position reversed to feed upon the ambrosial fungus growing on the cradle walk X. politus overwintered as an adult in the old cradles and galleries. Larvae of Ipideurytoma sp. (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), probably a larval parasite of X. politus, were found in cradles.
Bioorthogonal Radiopaque Hydrogel for Endoscopic Delivery and Universal Tissue Marking

A novel dual marking hydrogel system is reported for radiological and laparoscopic localization of lesions. Bioorthogonally crosslinked hydrogel containing both tantalum and India ink can be rapidly formed inside the body after injecting precursors, and stably located for several days as a long-term biocompatible carrier for markers.
The Role of Public Health Ethics in Vaccine Decision Making: Insights from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Despite the documented public health benefits of immunization, developed countries continue to face threats to public confidence in vaccines. Both vaccine refusal and the more common phenomenon of vaccine hesitancy need to be comprehensively addressed using the tools of science and risk communication. There has also been recognition of the need for greater transparency and acknowledgment of the role of values in vaccine decision making; the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently adopted a formal scientific evidence framework in which transparency and values of stakeholders play a central role. Going beyond the use of data, we here discuss the role of public health ethics in supporting vaccine decision making and in broader public discussion of vaccination. The population perspective of the public health ethics approach is contrasted with bioethics which traditionally champions the rights of the individual. The tools of public health ethics, including formal consultations and public engagement processes, can be incorporated into public policy deliberations around vaccines. CDC ethical expertise has added value to ACIP deliberations, most notably in setting policy weighing the risks and benefits of measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine. Ethicists from the CDC have also been engaged in high-profile public health emergency responses involving vaccination issues, including the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic. Just as economic analyses have strengthened discussions centered on scientific evidence in setting policy for vaccines, systematically considering ethics and values can add rigor to the process by which societal input about vaccines occurs. Greater transparency in clarifying the trade-offs made in vaccine decision making can expedite the process of achieving a social consensus on vaccine policy.
Patent Law Harmonization: The Current Situation and Alternatives Available (Part I)

It is hoped that this rather comprehensive review, of patent law harmonization treaty work in process, will help organizations and individuals evaluate the current situation and prepare recommendations for their representatives, governmental and nongovernmental, who will participate in the final meeting, and in later stages of the treaty process. There is great value in reviewing several reports on this meeting. WIPO has published a report summarizing the 7th meeting of experts on patent law harmonization (more than 90 pages, organized on a day-by-day basis). The present article was drafted independently, from meeting documents and notes taken during attendance at the 7th meeting, without relying on the WIPO report as a primary source.Section I of this article includes a brief explanation of the WIPO treaty process. Section II gives an overview of how a patent system would function with the proposed changes. A chart, keyed to the draft treaty articles, is included to show the functional role of each provision. While this article assumes some knowledge of developments in prior meetings and basic international patent law, it is written for general patent specialists and business persons who want to know what is going on at the patent harmonization meetings. Section III (in Part II of this article, appearing in a subsequent issue) is a detailed review of the 7th meeting discussions, based on first-hand observations, organized by the draft treaty articles. The reader will find it convenient to refer to the Section II chart for a particular topic and article number, and to look up that article in Section III for more information.
Turbulence Amplitude Amplification in an Externally Forced, Subsonic Turbulent Boundary Layer

Experimental studies of the changes in turbulence characteristics inside a boundary layer due to external forcing were performed using hot-wire anemometry. The forcing was created by a periodically...
The Madagascan Coraebini (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Agrilinae): Part 4, New genera and species

Three new genera and seven new species from Madagacar are described: one new monotypic genus, Dejongiella gen. nov., is proposed for Discoderes cavifrons Fairmaire, 1904 comb. nov.; a second new genus, Neefia gen. nov. for seven new species: N. gracilis , N. humeralis , N. magna , N. montana , N. rufofascia , N. rufovestita , N. semivestita and a third new monotypic genus, Neefioides gen. nov., for Cisseis rufobasalis Fairmaire, 1897 comb. nov. The genera and species are described, each species is illustrated and the species of Neefia and Neefioides are distinguished in a key. A table lists the distinguishing features for species of Neefia and Neefioides .
Multimodal Foveated Endomicroscope for the Detection of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma in Barrett’s Esophagus

A foveated endomicroscope shows the potential to improve current inspection techniques of Barrett’s Esophagus by mimicking the variable resolution of the human eye to rapidly observe morphological structures and biochemical signatures of cells.
Relationship Between Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Pheromone Trap Catch and Population Density: Comparison of Traps Baited with 1 and 500 <g (+)-Disparlure Lures

The relationship between the number of male gypsy moths, Lymantria Dispar (L.), captured in pheromone traps and subsequent egg-mass density in the area surrounding each pheromone trap was determined for traps baited with either 1 or 500 mg of (+)-disparlure. Traps were located along transects that extended from within diflubenzuron-treated spray blocks, in which gypsy moth populations were low (252.0 egg masses per ha), to adjoining areas with high populations (3,390.4 egg masses per ha) that had either been treated with Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner or left untreated and that were associated with defoliation of oak, Quercus spp. Traps containing low-dose lures captured means of 5.4 and 32.9 moths in the low and high gypsy moth population density areas, respectively. Traps containing high-dose lures captured means of 431.1 and 874.4 moths in the low and high density areas. Trap captures for both lure doses were significantly correlated with subsequent egg-mass density. Numbers of surviving female pupae under burlap averaged 0.16 and 1.11 per cm in the low- and high-population density areas, respectively. Pupal numbers were also significantly correlated with subsequent egg-mass density. Functional relationships between trap catches and subsequent egg-mass densities for traps containing low- and high-dose lures are given, which explain 60 and 65% of the variation, respectively.
Optical trapping "virometry"

We present an optical trapping “virometry” that allows sorting of nanoscale particles such as viruses under physiological conditions. As an example, we use this technique to quantitate heterogeneities among individual HIV-1 virions at single-molecule resolution.
A quest--halting the progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Progression to end-stage kidney disease in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) ultimately occurs in most patients, even with the best available therapy. Clinical trials that test strategies to prevent or at least forestall progression are emblematic of the current era, yet none, to date, have greatly affected outcome. Because elevated blood pressure in patients with this disease is associated with greater total kidney volume as well as activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) and the progression of kidney disease, trials of blood-pressure control and medications that might work are crucial. It has been suggested that treatment with multiple agents . . .
Final Testing of Mobile Memory MCP Devices and its Effective Solution

By investigating the common architecture of Automatic Test Equipment (ATE) for memorydevices and the Final Test challenges of memory based Multi-Chip Package (MCP) devices, and byanalyzing the factors affecting HVM testing cost, certain criteria for selecting Final Test Solution aredrawn. The benefit of VERSATEST architecture as a solution for MCP Final Test is further analyzed, andthe key technology solution of Programmable Interface Matrix (PIM) is also investigated. As the experimentresults show, the solution can realize the effective Final Test of MCP, decrease test time and increase theparallelism, and thus reduce the cost of test.
139 INDUCTION OF SERUM AND GLUCOCORTICOID-INDUCED PROTEIN KINASE 1 AND EPITHELIAL SODIUM CHANNELS BY cAMP IN EPITHELIAL CELLS.

Fluid reabsorption in various epithelia is regulated by Na+ transport via apically located epithelial sodium channels (ENaC). Submandibular gland epithelial (SMG-C6) cells cultured in the absence of hydrocortisone or cAMP demonstrate diminished a-ENaC expression and Na+ transport properties similar to fetal distal lung epithelial cells. Increases in the abundance of the serum and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 1 (sgk1), a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activated protein, can suppress ENaC degradation. Since treatment of SMG-C6 cells with dibutyryl cAMP (DbcAMP) for 24 hours increases a-ENaC expression and function, we hypothesized that the up-regulation of a-ENaC expression and amiloride-sensitive Na+ transport by DbcAMP involves an increase in sgk1 via the protein kinase A (PKA) and PI3K pathways. SMG-C6 cells treated with DbcAMP (1 mM) increased both sgk1 RNA levels (peaking at 30 minutes) and protein expression (peaking after 4 h and remained elevated at 24 h). DbcAMP-stimulated sgk1 mRNA expression was decreased by actinomycin D and protein expression was decreased by PKA inhibitors (H-89 and KT5720). Both pharmacological inhibition of PI3K with LY294002 or transfection with dominant negative PI3K construct reduced stimulated sgk1 protein and mRNA levels, attenuated the phosphorylation of CREB (a cAMP-activated transcription factor), and, after 24 h, decreased a-ENaC protein levels and amiloride-sensitive Na+ transport. In addition, the combination of PKA inhibitors with dominant negative PI3K synergistically attenuated all amiloride-sensitive Na+ transport activity. DbcAMP induction of sgk1 acts through the PI3K and PKA pathways and sgk1 may potentiatea-ENaC.
Glycosylation of Proteins: Its Implications in Diabetic Control and Complications

The author shows that nonenzymic glucosylation of proteins can modify the structure and function of proteins isolated from non-insulin-dependent tissues and that these glucosylated proteins, whose normal functions have been altered or removed, may be related to diabetes and some of its sequelae.
Cellular localization of group I pepsinogens in human gastric mucosa by immunofluorescence.

The group I pepsinogens have been localized to granules in the mucous neck cell and the chief cell in human gastric mucosa by immunofluorescence.
Life Adjustment of Transsexual Patients

To justify the risk, pain, time, effort and expense of gender reassignment, transsexuals should logically be able to look forward to much improved life adjustment. There is some doubt about this. Among others, Pauly has published fairly optimistic reports (1) (2), while an assessment by Meyer is rather pessimistic (3). Such bleak prognosis prompted a thorough evaluation of the eventual personal adjustment of patients requesting help from the University of Arkansas Medical Center Psychosomatic Clinic for gender dysphoria problems. This paper is a report of the results of the survey.
Biogeographic Repercussions of the Intensification of Agriculture

The ancient and long-evolving biogeographic patterns of the Earth are being altered and disrupted. The new patterns are unprecedented. To comprehend the magnitude of change currently taking place requires an examination of human practices and institutions that modify the environment. This chapter examines the impact of intensification of agriculture on the patterns of life. Important questions to be considered include what is the evidence that disruptive change is taking place, how has the change taken place, where is the change most intensified, and how rapidly is change occurring?
Continuous Improvement in Continuous Quality Control.

“Quality is never an accident. It is always the result of intelligent effort.” So observed John Ruskin, Victorian writer and critic of art, architecture, and society (1), unknowingly foreshadowing the emergence of quality science in the 20th century. Statistical QC came from Bell Telephone Laboratories, where Shewhart developed the statistical control chart in 1924, and Dodge and Romig pioneered statistical methods for acceptance sampling rather than 100% inspection of products. These beneficial techniques were not widespread until the manufacturing demands of World War II necessitated better control of product quality. With Deming's involvement, quality science was further developed in postwar Japanese manufacturing (2). Levey and Jennings introduced clinical laboratory statistical QC in 1950 (3). The Levey–Jennings chart remains a staple of laboratory QC. Development of stabilized control materials enhanced QC practices (4), and the testing of controls at fixed intervals became and remains the QC mainstay. Control-based QC has many strengths, including sensitivity to small changes in bias and ready availability of controls. Test intervals may be adjusted to account for assay stability, regulations or a laboratory's experience. Decision rules may be selected to maximize both sensitivity and specificity of QC procedures (5, 6). Weaknesses of control-based QC include the cost of materials and labor, scope limited to the analytical component, and matrix-effect masking of clinically relevant drift. Furthermore, a risk inherent in the intermittency of control-based QC is that analytical instability goes undetected until the next QC episode, while the laboratory releases clinically significant erroneous results. Ideally, QC would be continuous. In a limited sense, continuous QC exists for sample QC through delta checks, anion gap calculations, indices of hemolysis, icterus, lipemia, etc., and for analyzer performance through function checks, temperature sensors, automated reaction pattern analysis, etc. In this issue of Clinical Chemistry , Ng et …
Unique epigenetic gene profiles define human breast cancers with poor prognosis.

// Samuel Pena-Llopis 1,2 , Yihong Wan 1 and Elisabeth D. Martinez 1 1 Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA 2 Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany Correspondence to: Samuel Pena-Llopis, email: // Elisabeth D. Martinez, email: // Keywords : epigenetic signature, expression profiles, prognosis, molecular targets, triple negative breast cancer Received : October 24, 2016 Accepted : October 29, 2016 Published : November 14, 2016 Abstract Epigenetic enzymes are at the nexus of cellular regulatory cascades and can drive cancer-specific deregulation at all stages of the oncogenic process, yet little is known about their prognostic value in human patients. Here, we used qRT-PCR to profile at high resolution the expression of fifty-five epigenetic genes in over one hundred human breast cancer samples and patient-matched benign tissues. We correlated expression patterns with clinical and histological parameters and validated our findings in two independent large patient cohorts (TCGA and METABRIC). We found that human breast malignancies have unique epigenetic profiles and cluster into epigenetic subgroups. A subset of epigenetic genes defined an Epigenetic Signature as an independent predictor of patient survival that outperforms triple negative status and other clinical variables. Our results also suggest that breast cancer grade, but not stage, is driven by transcriptional alterations of epigenetic modifiers. Overall, this study uncovers the presence of epigenetic subtypes within human mammary malignancies and identifies tumor subgroups with specific pharmacologically targetable epigenetic susceptibilities not yet therapeutically exploited.
A Self-tuning Controller for MIMO Nonlinear Systems

Abstract A new self-tuning control (STC) strategy for nonlinear, multi-input, multi-output control problems is proposed. This strategy is applicable to a broad class of nonlinear systems which can include arbitrary nonlinear functions of the old inputs and outputs as well as the products of these functions and any powers of the most recent inputs. Simulation results for a two-link robot manipulator demonstrate that the new nonlinear STC strategy provides significant improvement over conventional STC's based on linear models.
Antimethodology: Postqualitative Generative Conventions:

In this article, I explain antimethodology—a creative and generative methodology—and its resulting research conventions that were put to work in a study about an assemblage of humans, nonhumans, li...
An aerial phytobiopsy system: Design, evaluation, and lessons learned

Early plant disease detection and treatment could dramatically increase crop yield. However, even experts cannot visually distinguish various diseases with certainty, limiting image based diagnosis. In this paper, we present a novel small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS) for phytobiopsy. This platform can remove a leaf section with visual symptoms and transport it to a lab for precise disease analysis. We present the design of a gripper and an arm mechanism, and we discuss best practices for using the system. Results are presented from extensive experimental evaluation of the gripper assembly and 21 indoor manual flight trials, demonstrating efficacy. Our sUAS utilizes its inherent mobility and range to solve a pressing agricultural problem, improving food production and disease detection capabilities. A short video of our system can be found at https://goo.gl/xomYUO.
Improving Effectiveness of Seamless Redundancy in Real Industrial Wi-Fi Networks

Reliability and determinism of Wi-Fi can be tangibly improved by means of seamless redundancy, to the point of making this technology suitable for industrial environments. As pointed out in recent papers, the most benefits can be achieved when no phenomena can simultaneously affect transmissions on all channels of a redundant link. In this paper, several aspects are analyzed which, if not properly counteracted, may worsen seamless redundancy effectiveness. Effects they cause on communication have been experimentally evaluated in real testbeds, which rely on commercial Wi-Fi devices. Then, practical guidelines are provided, which aim at preventing joint interference through a careful system design. Results show that measured communication quality can be made as good as expected in theory.
Molecular evolution: No escape from the tangled bank

Ecological interactions emerge spontaneously in an experimental study of bacterial populations cultured for 60,000 generations, and sustain rapid evolution by natural selection. See Letter p.45 The Escherichia coli long-term evolution experiment (LTEE) is the longest running bacterial evolution experiment, including 12 replicate populations of E. coli serially propagated for more than 60,000 generations. Michael Desai, Richard Lenski and colleagues now report whole-genome sequencing at 500-generation intervals over the course of the 60,000 generations from the LTEE. Their analyses reveal a complex and dynamic evolutionary process of long-term bacterial adaptation in this controlled environment, and include findings on clonal inference, genetic drift and shifting targets of selection.
Complex Case: Rotablation in Cardiogenic Shock

A 77-year-old man with a history of end-stage renal disease, ischemic cardiomyopathy (LVEF 30%) presented with a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction, and pulmonary edema. Initial right heart catheterization demonstrated that the patient was in cardiogenic shock, with systolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg and cardiac index of 1.5 L/min/m . Coronary angiography demonstrated a calcified left main as well a 90% proximal LAD and 95% circumflex lesion, and PCI was undertaken with rotational atherectomy. This case highlights that rotational atherectomy can be safely performed with experience, good technique, and appropriate planning including hemodynamic support with an intra-aortic balloon pump.
Development and results from user testing of a novel robotics kit supporting systems engineering for elementary-aged students

This paper describes the development of Flutter, a new sensor-driven, robotics technology kit for in-school use with elementary-age students. Our development began by conducting focus groups with teachers (N=6) in which we guided a participatory design process. Through affinity diagramming, we identified science and math as areas of focus for the program; we also brainstormed project-topics with the teachers. The Flutter Kit is controlled by an app that allows for touch based interactions and enables the kits to be programmable by tablets. The app interface, developed with teachers through the use of paper and digital prototypes, builds on the concept of data flow from an input to an output and emphasizes the use of sensor data for creating interactive devices. The central element of the Flutter hardware is a custom microcontroller board that connects to the tablet app via bluetooth; permits students to log sensor data; and controls a buzzer, three sensor ports, three tricolor LEDs, and three servo ports. From observations of four pilot classes (N=84) and student interviews, we generated ideas for future improvements to the system, such as: hardware changes for ease of use and changes to the curriculum to support students' data analysis skills.
Interventions that Address Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Among Women: A Systematic Review.

Recognizing the high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women and girls who are either at risk for or suffer from intimate partner violence (IPV) and the overlapping challenges posed by both public health issues, the White House established an Interagency Federal Working Group to address the intersection of both public health issues in 2012. We conducted this systematic review in response to the Working Group’s charge to identify and describe interventions that address both IPV and HIV among women. We identified 14 studies that met our inclusion criteria, including seven studies (nine unique intervention arms) that significantly affected at least one outcome related to IPV and HIV. In this article, we examine the characteristics of these studies including core components, intervention populations, and effectiveness data. We highlight opportunities to improve the effectiveness of existing interventions, guide future research about IPV and HIV, and inform prevention programmatic delivery. This knowledge will improve the lives of populations at risk, reduce gender-related health disparities, and ultimately reduce the societal burden of both public health issues.
Chemical looping combustion using geopolymer-based oxygen carriers

Abstract Synthetic oxygen carriers based on geopolymer composites for chemical looping combustion have been recently proposed as alternative to traditional ones. In this work, this novel class of oxygen carriers was further developed by introducing manganese oxide (Mn2O3) as active phase. A geopolymer composite with Mn2O3 powder was produced and compared to a previously developed Fe-based system. Additionally, a mixed iron/manganese composite was fabricated to investigate possible combined effects of the two oxides. Laboratory experiments were carried out in a plant for the combustion of a CO rich gas from char gasification in CO2, consisting of two sequential fixed beds for char gasification and chemical looping combustion. The tests conducted at 900 °C pointed out the excellent performance of the Mn- and MnFe-based oxygen carriers, achieving an efficiency of CO conversion up to 99% during the first minute of operation with gas residence time less than 1 s. Moreover, the Mn-based materials exhibited the ability to release O2 during the initial stage of combustion. In the mixed iron/manganese system, the formation of the mixed phase MnFe2O4 was detected by XRD analysis, resulting in a beneficial synergistic effect. Both developed oxygen carriers (Mn- and MnFe based) exhibited similar CO conversion profiles after repeated cycles of operation.
FASCISMO Y SENTIDO COMÚN EN LA GACETA LITERARIA (1927-1930)

La Gaceta Literaria (1927-1932) se considera una de las primeras revistas propagandisticas del fascismo en Espana. Dirigida por Ernesto Gimenez Caballero, el ideario de la revista proclamaba una sintesis heterogenea y transversal de nuevas ideologias y manifestaciones culturales que se oponian al viejo establishment . Lejos de proclamar una doctrina ortodoxa y excluyente, el primer fascismo queria representar la confluencia definitiva de una vanguardia nacional y popular en lucha por la revolucion estetica y politica de la esfera publica espanola. Conceptos como sentido comun, populismo o hegemonia ocuparan este estudio cuyo objetivo es contribuir al debate sobre el discurso contradictorio del naciente fascismo espanol.
A limited coalescence problem

Oil drops are used in photographic film. The size distribution of the drops may play a role in the function of the film. One usually assumes that the drops are spatially homogeneous and then studies the evolution of the size distribution under the effect of collision and coalescence.
Histopathology in coronavirus-induced demyelination

The experimental model system of coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) induced demyelination in 4–6 week old C57Bl/6 or Balb/c mice exhibits a biphasic disease and two distinct forms of virus-induced demyelination. During the acute phase of the disease MHV infection causes acute encephalitis, and some strains of virus cause also hepatitis. Infection with the JHM strain of MHV causes severe panencephalitis, whereas MHV-A59 causes mild to moderate encephalitis involving specific limbic and limbic related areas of the brain and brain stem. The target cells are neurons and glia including oligodendrocytes. Demyelination during the acute stage is due to cytolytic infection of oligodendrocytes. After two weeks, the disease process enters a chronic stage of immune-mediated demyelination, in the presence of high levels of anti-viral antibodies and persistent low levels viral RNA in glial cells, without detectable levels of infectious virus or viral antigens.
NONVIRAL SEQUENCES IN COMPLETE INFLUENZA VIRAL DNA CLONES AND FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION OF CLONED DNA CODING FOR THE HEMAGGLUTININ

We prepared influenza viral DNA duplexes from cDNA copies by reverse-transcription of cytoplasmic viral mRNA and genomic viral RNA. DNA sequences corresponding to the gene segments that code for the nonstructural proteins, the matrix protein, the hemagglutinin, the neuraminidase and the nucleoprotein of influenza virus [strain A/Udorn/72 (H3N2)] were cloned in E. coli pBR322. Analysis of terminal nucleotides of several independently isolated viral DNA clones revealed that additional oligonucleotides were present at the 5' terminus of viral mRNA transcripts. The sequences of these additional nucleotides varied among DNA clones of the same gene and among DNA clones from different genes. The heterogeneity of these oligonucleotides suggests that they are derived from cellular RNA molecules. These results provide evidence that cellular RNA sequences are utilized to prime influenza viral mRNA transcription in virus-infected eel Is.
Modern Psychoanalysis and Intimacy

Ever since Joseph Breuer, after witnessing Anna O. in the throes of an hysterical pregnancy, fled from her house “in a cold sweat,” and abruptly terminated his previously devoted treatment of her—leaving for a second honeymoon with his wife the next day—psychoanalysts have had reason to be concerned with the striving for and the fear of intimacy in both patient and analyst. As Breuer discovered (and as subsequent practitioners have regularly confirmed), the talking cure can arouse in one or both participants deep longings for intimacy along with the most powerful libidinal and aggressive impulses. The psychoanalytic treatment setting, in which a patient is invited to communicate his deepest feelings, memories, and thoughts to an empathic analyst over an extended period of time, is itself an intimate situation and elicits intense desires, both situational and transferential, for further closeness. Many patients since Anna O. have desired to make babies with their analysts, and longings for other kinds of intimate contact are regularly experienced. Patients want physical as well as emotional contact; they want to recreate intimate relationships from the past; they want to know the analyst as a real person, to become a lover, friend, or child; or at a more primitive level they want to merge, engulfing and being engulfed by the analyst.
Multi-Objective Optimization for Color-Tunability and Transparency in Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells

Owing to their solution-processing flexibility, band gap tunability and infrared responsivity, colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are favorable materials for building solar cells with tunable spectral profiles. Here, we design, optimize and fabricate multicolored and semitransparent CQD devices using thin-film interference and multiobjective optimization algorithms. We obtain a target color or transparency level by maximizing reflection or transmission over a relevant wavelength range while simultaneously maximizing device photocurrent. We fabricate color-tuned devices with photocurrents of 10-15 mA/cm2 and semitransparent devices with ~30% visible transparency. Our optimization technique creates a foundation for the custom-design of spectrally selective optoelectronic devices.
Reliability and Validity of a Functional Cognition Screening Tool to Identify the Need for Occupational Therapy

Importance: The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has identified the need to assess functional cognition as part of the postacute care planning process. Objective: We examined the reliability, validity, and clinical utility of the Menu Task (MT) as a screening measure of functional cognition to assess the need for occupational therapy services. Design: Cross-sectional study testing a convenience sample of community-dwelling older adults (n = 130) and adults hospitalized for elective orthopedic surgery (n = 60). The MT and four neuropsychological screening tests—the Brief Interview of Mental Status, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Trail Making Tests A and B, and an instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scale—were administered. Setting: Community-dwelling participants were tested at the University of Wisconsin occupational therapy program and in community settings. Hospitalized participants were tested at the University of Missouri Orthopedic Institute. Participants: We recruited healthy community-dwelling adults in Madison, WI (community sample; n = 130) and patients hospitalized for elective orthopedic surgery in Columbia, MO (hospital sample; n = 60). Inclusion criteria were age 55 yr or older, living in the community, and willingness to be tested in English; for the hospital sample, participants had to be referred for elective orthopedic surgery requiring a hospital stay and be independent in activities of daily living before being admitted for surgery. Results: We found significant differences between groups classified as impaired or not impaired on the basis of MT scores. Participants classified as impaired on the MT performed significantly less well than those classified as not impaired on the neurocognitive and IADL measures. Conclusion: The reliability and validity of the MT were supported. What This Article Adds: The American Occupational Therapy Association and the occupational therapy experts advising CMS have stressed the importance of a brief performance-based screening tool to identify people who need more comprehensive occupational therapy evaluation. The implementation of a functional cognition screening tool as part of the required CMS assessment protocol should greatly increase the number of patients referred for occupational therapy evaluation and treatment. The MT has the capacity to address the gap in the proposed CMS assessment of Medicare recipients across postacute care settings.
Continuously monitoring shoulder motion after total shoulder arthroplasty: maximum elevation and time spent above 90° of elevation are critical metrics to monitor.

Background Traditional clinical shoulder range-of-motion (ROM) measurement methods (ie, goniometry) have limitations assessing ROM in total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) patients. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) are superior; however, further work is needed using IMUs to longitudinally assess shoulder ROM before TSA and throughout post-TSA rehabilitation. Accordingly, the study aims were to prospectively capture shoulder elevation in TSA patients and to compare the results with healthy controls. We hypothesized that patients would have reduced maximum elevation before TSA compared with controls but would have improved ROM after TSA. Methods A validated IMU-based shoulder elevation quantification method was used to continuously monitor 10 healthy individuals (4 men and 6 women; mean age, 69 ± 20 years) without shoulder pathology and 10 TSA patients (6 men and 4 women; mean age, 70 ± 8 years). Controls wore IMUs for 1 week. Patients wore IMUs for 1 week before TSA, for 6 weeks at 3 months after TSA, and for 1 week at 1 year after TSA. Shoulder elevation was calculated continuously, broken into 5° angle “bins” (0°-5°, 5°-10°, and so on), and converted to percentages. The main outcome measures were binned movement percentage, maximum elevation, and average elevation. Patient-reported outcome measures and goniometric ROM were also captured. Results No demographic differences were noted between the cohorts. Average elevation was not different between the cohorts at any time. Control maximum elevation was greater than pre-TSA and post-TSA week 1 and week 2 values. Time under 30° and time above 90° were equal between the cohorts before TSA. After TSA, patients showed decreased time under 30° and increased time above 90°. Discussion This study demonstrates that acute and chronic recovery after TSA can be assessed via maximum elevation and time above 90°, respectively. These results inform how healthy individuals and patients use their shoulders before and after TSA.
Multicenter Volumetric Assessment of Artifactual Hypoperfusion Patterns using Automated CT Perfusion Imaging

Background and purpose Automated computed tomography perfusion (CTP) is recommended to inform selection of stroke patients for thrombectomy >6 hours from last known normal (LKN). However, artifacts on automated perfusion output may overestimate the tissue at risk leading to misclassification of thrombectomy eligibility in some patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective multisite study of consecutive patients with anterior large vessel occlusion (LVO) undergoing CTP (6/2017-12/2017). The primary outcome was the RAPID automated Tmax > 6 seconds volume that was discordant with clinical symptoms and vessel imaging, manually assessed by two independent readers. The discordant penumbral volume was compared to the automated output and corrected mismatch ratios were generated. Results Of 410 consecutive patients who underwent CTP for suspected stroke, 60 (15%) had acute anterior circulation LVO. Of these, 26 (43%) had Tmax > 6 seconds abnormalities discordant with clinical symptoms and vessel imaging. There was strong interrater agreement on artifact volume (r2 = 0.927). Among patients with discordant Tmax imaging, the median artifactual volume was 12cc (IQR 3-21cc), accounting for a median of 8% of the automated Tmax > 6 seconds volume (IQR 3-16%, range 1-64%). Recalculation of the Tmax > 6 seconds volume resulted in 1 patient being reclassified as having an "unfavorable" mismatch ratio (2.04-1.40). Conclusion Nearly half of patients had evidence of artifactual penumbral imaging on automated CTP, which rarely lead to misclassification of thrombectomy eligibility. Although artifactual findings are reliably identified by trained raters, our results emphasize the need to evaluate CTP results with knowledge of the patient's clinical symptoms and vascular imaging.
MEAnalyzer – a Spike Train Analysis Tool for Multi Electrode Arrays

Despite a multitude of commercially available multi-electrode array (MEA) systems that are each capable of rapid data acquisition from cultured neurons or slice cultures, there is a general lack of available analysis tools. These analysis gaps restrict the efficient extraction of meaningful physiological features from data sets, and limit interpretation of how experimental manipulations modify neural network activity. Here, we present the development of a user-friendly, publicly-available software called MEAnalyzer. This software contains several spike train analysis methods including relevant statistical calculations, periodicity analysis, functional connectivity analysis, and advanced data visualizations in a user-friendly graphical user interface that requires no coding from the user. Widespread availability of this user friendly and mathematically advanced program will stimulate and enhance the use of MEA technologies.
Quantitative Structural Characterization of Catalytically Active TiO2 Nanoparticles

This work uses multiple characterization techniques to show conclusively that the pyrogenic TiO2 photocatalysts, P90 and P25, are made of discrete rutile and anatase nanoparticles and are not composed of a core of anatase with a rutile shell as some studies have posited. Atomic pair distribution (PDF) analysis of P90 demonstrates that the technique is capable of detecting and quantifying minority phases and particle morphology in heterogeneous titania mixtures, with important implications for further studies of shape-controlled nanoparticles with well-defined surface facets.
Micromachined Mass-Sensitive and Capacitive Chemical Multisensor Using Single Polymeric Sensing Film

We present a novel micromachined chemical multisensor that simultaneously detects mass and dielectric property changes in the same polymeric sensing film. The multisensor is comprised of a cantilever-type, mass-sensitive resonant sensor with a semicircular annulus and an embedded on-resonator interdigitated electrode structure for capacitive sensing. The resonant chemical sensor utilizes a high-Q in-plane resonance mode enabling sub-parts per million limits of detection for volatile organic compounds. The embedded capacitive sensor enables the discrimination between toluene and methanol by evaluating the ratio between the mass-sensitive and capacitive sensor signal.
Introduction to Stability and Boundedness in Dynamical Systems

In this chapter, we provide a brief introduction to time scale calculus and introduce fundamental concepts that we need throughout this book. In Sect. 1.2 based on the work of Peterson and Tisdell (J Differ Equ Appl 10(13–15):1295–1306, 2004), we introduce the concept of Lyapunov functions for ordinary dynamical equations on time scales and prove general theorems in terms of wedges in which we derive specific conditions for stability of the zero solution and the boundedness of all solutions. We proceed to prove new and general theorems in terms of wedges and the existence of Lyapunov functions that satisfy certain conditions and give necessary conditions for stability and instability of the zero solution. In Sect. 1.4 we furnish all the details in proving the existence of the resolvent of Volterra integral dynamic equations by appealing to the results of Adivar and Raffoul (Bull Aust Math Soc 82(1):139–155, 2010). In addition, we will introduce the notion of shift that we make use of in Chaps. 5 and 8, and utilize the notion of resolvent and develop new results concerning Volterra dynamic equations. We end the chapter by introducing the notion of periodicity. In the famous paper (Kuchment, Floquet theory for partial differential equations, Birkhauser Verlag, Basel, 1993) of Raffoul and Kaufmann, the notion of periodicity on time scales was first introduced. Later on, Adivar (Math Slovaca 63(4):817–828, 2013) generalized the definition of periodicity to general time scales by introducing the concept of periodic shift operator. We end the chapter with some interesting and meaningful open problems that should be somewhat challenging.