Kurdish Responses to Imperial Decline: The Kurdish Movement and the End of Ottoman Rule in the Balkans (1878 to 1913)

Focusing on the period between 1878 and 1913, this paper seeks to add to the growing literature highlighting the complexities of identity in the late Ottoman period through an examination of the attitudes of Kurdish political activists towards the specific question of the dissolution of Ottoman rule on the Balkan Peninsula. More precisely, it will be argued that, although it is impossible to identify a single Kurdish response to Ottoman troubles in the Balkans, a survey of contemporaneous publications indicates that many leading Kurdish public figures of the period, including those active within the nascent Kurdish movement, regarded Ottoman imperial collapse as a profoundly negative political development.ABSTRACT IN KURMANJIBersiven kurdan bo pasketina imperetoriye: Tevgera kurdi u dawiya desthilata Osmani li Balkanan (1878-1913)Ev gotar bere xwe dide nivisinen her zedetir en li ser tevliheviya nasnameye di serdema dawi ya Osmaniyan de bi reya tehlilkirina helwesten calakvanen siyasi yen kurd li hember pirsa hilwesina desthilata Osmani li Balkanan, bi taybeti di qonaxa ji 1878 heta 1913an. Bi gotineke deqiqtir, gotar we hizre dide pes ku hercend xeyri mumkin e ku yek bersiveke kurdan ya bi tene be destnisankirin ji bo keseyen Osmaniyan li herema Balkanan, nirxandineke wesanen hevcerx diyar dike ku gelek kesayeten naskiri yen kurd, ewen ku di tevgera nuzayi ya kurdi de calak bun ji di nav de, hilwesina imperetoriya Osmani wek gesedaneke gelek negativ diditin. ABSTRACT IN SORANIBersivi Kurd bo pukanewey impirator: Cullanewey Kurdi u kotayi ḧukimrraniy 'Usmani le Balkan (1878-1913)Be terkiz kirdine ser mawey newan 1878 ta 1913, em babete hewll dedat izafeyek bixate ser ew edebiyate ru le ziyadbuwey ke tisk dexate ser alloziy sunas le kota qonaẍi 'Usmanida le regey piskinini hellwesti calakwane siyasiye kurdiyekan le hember pirseki diyarikiraw ke ewis hellwesandinewey ḧukmi 'Usmaniyekan le durgey Ballkane. Wirdtir billeyn, argumenti ewe dekiret ke hercende destnisankirdini yek bersivi Kurdi derheq be kesekani 'Usmaniyekan le Balkan esteme, rumallkirdini billawkirawekani ew serdeme amajey ewe dedat ke zorek le kesayetiye gistiye diyarekani kurdi ew kat, be wanesewe ke lenaw bizutnewe kurdiye sawakeda calak bun, heresi impiratoriyeti 'Usmaniyan be allugorreki siyasiy nereniy qull dadena.ABSTRACT IN ZAZAKIRijiyayise Imperatoriye re cewabe kurdan: Balkanan de peyniya hukme Osmaniyan de tevgere kurdan (1878 – 1913)Bi giraniya serrane mabene 1878 u 1913i, na meqale kena ke dewre Osmaniyan e peyeni de edebiyato ke derheqe kompleksiteyane nasnameyan e Balkanan de aver sono, ey ser o kemereke rono. Tede derheqe perse wedariyayisehukme Osmaniyan e nemgirawa Balkani de qenaete calakikerane siyasetmedarane kurdan e wexti analiz bene. Hina biteferuat, idia beno ke herciqas ke mumkin niyo ke derheqe problemane Osmaniyan e Balkani de tena yew cewabe kurdan bero tesxiskerdene, anciya cigerayise wesane e demi musneno ke xeyle sexsiyetane kurdan e namdaran ye e wexti, calakikere tevgere neteweperweriya kurdan ya teziye zi tede, parcebiyayise Imperatoriya Osmaniyan sey aversiyayiseko siyasiyo xirabin diyene.