cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Freshman Orientation Sessions Can Teach Incoming Students about Healthful Lifestyles

Thus,nutrition education on a collegecampus can ﬁll an important role ofteaching about adoption of healthfulbehaviors to prevent weight gainwhile discouraging extreme weightloss efforts.Freshman orientation sessions,covering various aspects of campuslife, are often conducted prior to theschool year. From the published infor-mation regarding these orientationsessions, however, they do not appearto include information that coulddispel the ‘‘Freshman 15’’ myth, nordo they provide practical solutionsfor navigating the college food envi-ronment for this student group. Thispaper describes a nutrition workshopspeciﬁcally aimed at college freshmenattending summer orientation pro-grams at a large metropolitan publicuniversity. The goals of this workshopwere to orient incoming students tothe college food environment, to dis-pel myths about ‘‘The Freshman 15,’’and to provide incoming studentswith lifestyle choices they could em-ploy to maintain a healthful bodyweight and prevent disordered eating.
1.9 Bioactive Ceramics

Bioactive ceramics are mostly calcium phosphates or silica-based materials. The bioactivity property refers to the ability of the materials to bond directly to bone and enhance bone formation. The degree of bioactivity depends on the ability of the material to provide a controlled and continuous supply of chemical cues to stimulate cell function and tissue formation. The chemical composition, crystalline structure, and processing parameters of bioactive materials control the rate of new bone tissue formation and graft material resorption. Among calcium phosphate ceramics, stoichiometric hydroxyapatite has high chemical stability and low bioactivity. The decrease in calcium content in calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite enhances the solubility and bioactivity. Bioactive glass has amorphous silicate structure and is characterized by a high rate of bone bonding compared to hydroxyapatite. The bone-bonding ability of bioactive glass is attributed to the rapid transformation of the material surface into a hydroxyapatite in contact with physiological solution. The hydroxyapatite layer that forms in physiological solution on the surface of bioactive glass is highly bioactive compared to hydroxyapatite ceramic due to its unique characteristics. Bioactive ceramics prepared by the sol gel method are more bioactive than those prepared by sintering at high temperature. The enhanced bioactivity is attributed to the low preparation temperature and the high porosity which provides high surface area in contact with tissue fluids. Silica-calcium phosphate nanocomposite (SCPC) has a series of compositions in a multiphase bioactive ceramic system. Among these phases, b-NaCaPO 4 ss and a-cristobalite ss are the most thermodynamically stable phases. SCPC formulations with a high content of silica are more bioactive than calcium phosphate-rich SCPC compounds, hydroxyapatite ceramic, or bioactive glass. The bioactivity property of the material is not dependent on the ionic diffusion from the bulk to the surface as is the case with bioactive glass. Formation of solid solutions in SCPC ceramic phases underlies the excellent bioactivity and resorbability properties. Silica xerogels has a highly porous matrix with a large number of silanol groups (Si-OH) on the material surface. The silanol groups nucleate the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer on the material surface after immersion in simulated body fluid. Bioactive ceramics are used as bone filling grafts in non-load-bearing applications in orthopedic and maxillofacial surgery. In a porous form, bioactive ceramic can be used as drug delivery systems to treat diseases and regenerate tissues.
Laboratory Methods in Epigenetic Epidemiology

Epidemiology seeks to identify risk factors for disease and to quantify the association between environmental and lifestyle factors and disease frequency in human populations. Epigenetics may provide mechanistic clues on a cellular and molecular level behind epidemiologic links. Combining these two fields along with collecting relevant biospecimens will aid in understanding the benefits and the limitations of genome-wide and gene-specific approaches in decoding the epigenome and its functional relevance. This chapter addresses the importance of the experimental design, optimal preparation of biological samples in population-based studies, provide an overview of the available techniques to analyze DNA methylation, gene expression and histone modification, and highlight possible pitfalls of these approaches.
A design thinking framework for healthcare management and innovation

The business community has learned the value of design thinking as a way to innovate in addressing people's needs--and health systems could benefit enormously from doing the same. This paper lays out how design thinking applies to healthcare challenges and how systems might utilize this proven and accessible problem-solving process. We show how design thinking can foster new approaches to complex and persistent healthcare problems through human-centered research, collective and diverse teamwork and rapid prototyping. We introduce the core elements of design thinking for a healthcare audience and show how it can supplement current healthcare management, innovation and practice.
3-D image reconstruction for bio nanomachines with helical symmetry: Image formation theory

Cryo electron microscopy leads to 3-D image reconstruction problems. The image is one projection of each of many different instances of the object. Symmetry of the object is important because then the image shows the motif in several projections with known relative orientations even though the projections of the different motifs overlap. This paper derives image formation models for helical objects based on arbitrary motifs and where the object may, in fact, not be helical but just have a rotational and translational shift between successive motifs. This image formation model potentially has computational advantages when the number of motif repetitions per helical period is large and also allows the description of imperfect helices by stochastic variation in the shifts, which may be useful in stochastic reconstruction problems for image data sets that cannot currently be successfully processed.
Evaluation of a Computational Diagnostic for Epistasis in Plant Breeding Populations

ABSTRACT Previously we reported the inability of genomic prediction methods based on linear models to accurately predict trait values composed of an epistatic genetic architecture. We also reported non-parametric genomic prediction methods applied to the same data produced reasonably accurate predictions. The difference led us to propose analyses by paired parametric and non-parametric methods to the same data could be used as a diagnostic for epistatic genetic architectures in typical plant breeding populations. The suggested computational diagnostic was based on evaluation of 14 genomic prediction methods applied to eight sets of simulated conditions consisting of three factors, each with two levels. Because the potential set of factors that might affect accuracies of genomic predictions is unknown, there is a need for a systematic approach to identify combinations of factors that impact estimates of accuracy. Herein we propose the application of response surface methods to systematically identify conditions that maximize the difference between estimated accuracies of genomic prediction methods. The results indicate that genetic architecture and repeatability at their upper boundaries for complete epistasis and repeatability have the greatest influence on the differences between parametric and non-parametric estimated prediction accuracies. Further, the surface is very steep in the vicinity of the boundary conditions, indicating that the proposed diagnostic is of limited value for discovery of epistatic genetic architectures.
POTENTIAL BENEFIT OF USING PRESSURE WIRE IN HEMODYNAMIC ASSESSMENT OF PARADOXICAL LOW FLOW, LOW GRADIENT SEVERE AORTIC STENOSIS WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION

Current guidelines discourage aortic stenosis (AS) evaluation by direct pressure measurement if echocardiography is adequate due to potential stroke risk reported in old studies. Patients with both low gradient (Gradient < 40 mm HG) and/or flow (Stroke Volume Index SVI < 35) with normal ejection
Norepinephrine in reflex sympathetic dystrophy: an hypothesis.

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) usually occurs in an individual who has been experiencing significant personal stress, a state associated with increased discharge of norepinephrine (NE) from perivascular postganglionic sympathetic neurons. RSD is often precipitated by this sequence: traumatic arterial spasm, regional ischemia, neurogenic inflammation, and ischemic/ edematous damage to membranes of preterminal perivascular nociceptive neurons. In the natural repair of these membranes, it is suggested that adrenoceptors appear and are ordinarily transitory; but in RSD, they are retained by the increased adjacent NE. This process delays further healing, produces pain, and releases inflammatory substances, resulting in interacting pathophysiologic vicious cycles (see figure).
Nonstimulant Therapy for ADHD

The results of a multicenter, open-label, dose-titration study of GW320659, a novel norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor, are reported from GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Investigation of arboviruses in different regions of Guizhou province,China in 2008

Objective To investigate the distribution profiles of arboviruses in different regions of Guizhou province,China.Methods Mosquito samples were collected using mosquito lamps in Qianxi county,Dejiang county,Rongjiang county,and Congjiang county,Guizhou province in July 2008 and then used for virus isolation by tissue culture.The obtained virus isolates were identified by serological and molecular biological methods.Homology and phylogenetic analysis were performed on viral sequences by bioinformatics.Results A total of 9160 mosquitoes(4 species,3 genera) were collected.Out of the 9 virus strains isolated from the mosquitoes,8 were identified as Getah virus(GETV),and 1 was identified as Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV).Compared with the prototype strain,the GETV strains had a nucleotide homology of 94.5%-94.9% and an amino acid homology of 97.4%-97.6%.The newly isolated JEV belonged to genotype Ⅰ,according to the homology and phylogenetic analysis.Conclusion GETV and genotype Ⅰ JEV were first isolated from mosquitoes collected in Guizhou province,China.The GETV strains in Guizhou province have a close phylogenetic association with the strains isolated from other provinces in China,and the JEV strain in Guizhou province has a close phylogenetic association with the strains isolated from Sichuan province,China.
9 – Fatigue of polymer-matrix textile composite materials

: In this chapter, some of the work on experimental evaluation and numerical modeling of the fatigue behavior of polymer matrix textile composites is presented, addressing the effect of test parameters such as frequency, max stress, and the nature of the cycles on the response of textile composites. The impact of the preform architecture varying from weaves to braids and knits, both 2D and 3D, is discussed and its impact on the time-dependent response is presented. Numerical models utilizing statistical analysis, stiffness degradation and residual-strength, either singly or combined, are also discussed.
A comparison of hardware/software techniques in the speedup of color image processing algorithms

The speedup of color image processing algorithms remains of high interest as image resolutions continue to increase. Due to the intrinsic massive data parallelism, the techniques employed use multi-core processor systems or custom hardware. In the former the task is split in multiple threads at the software level, allowing as many data sets to be processed, as there are threads available. In the latter the concurrency is limited only by the size of the available hardware resources. Both techniques have their advantages and disadvantages, and have been demonstrated in isolation. However, the advent of heterogeneous computing platforms, i.e. the combination of a processor based system (PS) and programmable logic based system (PL), enables a comparison of these techniques on the same kind of platform. To this end, the work presented in this paper compares and analysis three color image processing implementations based on: the use of SIMD instructions, multithreading, and custom hardware.
Comparing Catchment Hydrologic Response to a Regional Storm Using Specific Conductivity Sensors

A better understanding of stormwater generation and solute sources is needed to improve the protection of aquatic ecosystems, infrastructure, and human health from large runoff events. Much of our understanding of water and solutes produced during stormflow comes from studies of individual, small, headwater catchments. This study compared many different types of catchments during a single large event to help isolate landscape controls on streamwater and solute generation, including human-impacted land cover. We used a distributed network of specific electrical conductivity sensors to trace storm response during the Post-Tropical Cyclone Sandy event of October 2012 at 29 catchments across the state of New Hampshire. A citizen science sensor network, LoVoTECS (Lotic Volunteer for Temperature, Electrical Conductivity, and Stage) provided a unique opportunity to investigate high temporal resolution stream behavior at a broad spatial scale. Three storm response metrics were analyzed in this study: (1) fraction of new water contributing to the hydrograph; (2) presence of first flush (mobilization of solutes during the beginning of the rain event); and (3) magnitude of first flush. We compared new water and first flush to 64 predictor attributes related to land cover, soil, topography and precipitation. The new water fraction was positively correlated with low and medium intensity development in the catchment and riparian buffers, and with the precipitation from a rain event 9 days prior to Sandy. The presence of first flush was most closely related (positively) to soil organic matter. Magnitude of first flush was not strongly related to any of the catchment variables. Our results highlight the potentially important role of human landscape modification in runoff generation at multiple spatial scales, and the lack of a clear role in solute flushing. Further development of regional-scale in situ sensor networks will provide better understanding of stormflow and solute generation across a wide range of landscape conditions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
CRT-800.17 National Estimate of 30-Day Readmission Rate and Associated Cost: A Comparison of Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in the United States

In Medicare population, transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) was associated with higher cost and lower short-term readmissions compared to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). However, these differences have not been evaluated in a national sample, including all payer sources. We used
On-orbit evaporative fraction estimations using a histogram-based triangle method from Terra MODIS

A triangle method has been frequently used for a regional evapotranspiration (ET) or evaporative fraction (EF) estimation using the relationship between a vegetation index and surface temperature. A simple histogram based on an on-orbit EF estimation algorithm is developed to determine hot and cold edges in the triangle distribution using only remotely sensed data. A new histogram based on an EF estimation algorithm is developed and compared with different options of existing hot and cold edge algorithms. The selected algorithms are applied to 5-year Terra MODIS data products, and the on-orbit EF estimations are validated using ground truth data from southern Great Plains. Using numerous iterations among the tested EF algorithms with the triangle method, the “histogram”-based hot edge and newly proposed cold edge algorithm combinations provide an excellent performance between the ground truth and on-orbit EF estimations. It is shown that the histogram-based EF algorithm has enhanced correlation and mean bias values of 0.74 and 0.087, respectively, providing excellent accuracy for the regional on-orbit EF estimations.
The Active Implementation Frameworks: A roadmap for advancing implementation of Comprehensive Medication Management in Primary care

Implementation of evidence-based health services interventions is complex and often limited in scope. The Active Implementation Frameworks (AIFs) are an evidence-based set of frameworks to use when attempting to put into practice any innovation of known dimensions. This article describes the novel application of the AIFs to facilitate the implementation and improvement of Comprehensive Medication Management (CMM) in primary care practices to optimize medication use and improve care for patients.
New-onset acute thrombocytopenia in hospitalized patients: pathophysiology and diagnostic approach

Thrombocytopenia is a hematological finding commonly encountered in daily clinical practice from asymptomatic clinic patients to critically ill intensive care unit patients. A broad spectrum of etiologies and variation in clinical presentation often present a diagnostic challenge. Furthermore, concomitant presence of thrombosis and thrombocytopenia, as in cases of thrombotic thrombocytopenia, complicates the management. In hospitalized patients, new-onset thrombocytopenia is an important reason for hematology consultation. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that the etiology is diagnosed accurately. In addition, a basic understanding of the pathophysiology and the differential diagnosis avoids delay in the diagnosis and leads to rapid initiation of treatment. This review will address causes of thrombocytopenia that arises in hospitalized patients with an emphasis on the pathophysiological basis of each disorder.
Whole Exome Sequencing and Molecular Modeling of a Missense Variant in TNFAIP3 That Segregates with Disease in a Family with Chronic Urticaria and Angioedema

Chronic urticaria is a common condition characterized by recurrent hives lasting several weeks or months and is usually idiopathic. Approximately half of the individuals with chronic urticaria will present with episodes of angioedema that can be severe and debilitating. In this report, we describe a 47-year-old Hispanic male who presented initially for an evaluation of chronic hives following hospitalization due to hive-induced anaphylaxis. The individual had a history significant for urticaria and angioedema beginning in his early 30s. Interestingly, both the individual's 41-year-old sister and 12-year-old daughter were also affected with chronic urticaria and severe angioedema. Whole exome sequencing of the proband and several family members revealed a heterozygous variant of uncertain significance in exon 2 of TNFAIP3, denoted as c.65G>A (p.R22Q), in all affected members. Variants in TNFAIP3 have been associated with multiple autoimmune diseases, susceptibility to allergy and asthma, and periodic fever syndromes, suggesting that this variant could potentially play a role in disease.
Advancing Lithium Metal Batteries

Summary Considering the limited energy density of traditional graphite-anode-based lithium (Li)-ion batteries, alternative high-capacity anodes are greatly needed for the next-generation high-energy-density battery systems. In this regard, Li metal is well known to be one of the most promising anodes due to its ultrahigh capacity (3,860 mAh g −1 ) and the very low standard negative electrochemical potential (−3.040 V). However, dendrite growth and high reactivity of Li metal anodes result in low cycling efficiency and severe safety concerns. The recent revival of research and development on Li metal anodes has brought new, in-depth understanding and key experimental progress toward Li metal protection and enhanced performance of Li metal batteries. In this Perspective, we concisely review recent discoveries in this field and suggest possible new research directions for further development of Li metal batteries.
Ionospheric Scintillation Simulation on Equatorial GPS Signals for Dynamic Platforms

This paper presents a physics-based, data-consistent, multifrequency GPS scintillation signal simulator for dynamic platforms in the equatorial region. This simulator is based on a two-dimensional two-component power-law phase screen model which is described by a compact set of parameters. The time scale factor is mainly investigated in this paper, which determines the decorrelation time of the simulation signal and is affected by various factors including propagation geometry, irregularity drift velocity, and dynamics of the platform. The comparison between the initialization and simulation data for stationary receivers shows the effectiveness of the simulator. In addition, this paper examines the influence of the platform dynamics on simulation signals with respect to the geomagnetic field direction and the irregularity drift velocity. The simulator presented in this paper will provide a viable tool for dynamic GPS scintillation signal simulation and will aid the design for robust receiver processing algorithms during scintillation for dynamic platforms.
Tipo, minthostachys mollis (lamiaceae): an ecuadorian mint

Nineteen compounds are characterized by GC/MS and Kovats Indices in the oil of tipo,Minthostachys mollis Griseb., from Ecuador. The major compounds are29.34 ± 3.94% neomenthol, 24.00 ± 5.23% menthone, 20.55 ± 3.33% menthol, and 8.96 ± 1.65% piperitone.
Neutronics and engineering design of the aqueous-slurry accelerator transmutation of waste blanket

A conceptual target and blanket design for an accelerator transmutation of waste system capable of transmuting the high-level waste stream from 2.5 light water reactors is described. Typically, four such target-blanket designs would be served by a single linear accelerator. The target consists of rows of solid tungsten rod bundles, cooled by heavy water and surrounded by a lead annulus. The annular blanket, which surrounds the target, consists of a set of actinide-oxide-slurry-bearing tubes, each 3 m long, surrounded by heavy water moderator. Heat is removed from the slurry tubes by passing the slurry through an external heat exchanger. Long-lived fission products are burned in regions that are separate from the actinides. Using the Monte Carlo codes LAHET and MCNP, a conceptual design for a beam current of 62.5 mA/target of 1.6-GeV protons has been developed. Preliminary engineering analyses on key system components have been performed. A preliminary layout of the concept and the associated primary-heat transport subsystems was developed, demonstrating a multiple-containment-boundary design philosophy.
Trichuris trichiura (Linnaeus 1771)

Trichuris trichiura, popularly known as whipworm because of its characteristic shape, is distributed throughout the world in the same areas where Ascaris and hookworm are found. It is estimated that there are at presentsome 800 million infections.
Sa1521 EUS is a More Effective Diagnostic Tool Than Cross-Sectional Imaging to Identify Malignant IPMN

HER1 26.2 [5.1, 70.3] 52 [8.5, 88.5] 25.2 [5.1, 70.3] 28.9 [3, 67.4] HER2 10.6 [1.2, 83.3] 4.5 [1, 17.5] 17 [2, 276.2] 10.4 [1, 32.6] HER3 476 [300, 928.6] 300 [300, 645.1] 496.1 [300, 995.9] 497.1 [300, 791.8] cMET 30 [27.6, 30] 30 [30, 30] 30 [18.9, 30] 30 [30, 30] IGFR 272.7 [100, 790.3] 292.6 [100, 884.7] 315 [100, 790.3] 243.4 [100, 520.9] PI3K 609.1 [100, 1237.4] 609.1 [100, 1618.4] 630.1 [100, 1224.9] 569.3 [100, 1138.9] SHC 100 [100, 209.4] 74 [41.6, 100] 118.6 [100, 215.1] 100 [100, 176.4] Total CK 797.2 [200.4, 1745.9] 200.4 [91, 1339.7] 949.7 [276.1, 1745.9] 522.5 [30, 1822.7]
Bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy and radical prostatectomy for clinical stage C prostatic cancer: role of adjuvant treatment for residual cancer and in disease progression.

AbstractA total of 101 patients with limited but unequivocal clinical stage C adenocarcinoma of the prostate underwent bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy and radical retropubic prostatectomy. At operation 49 patients had pathological stage C and 52 had stage D1 disease. Followup ranged from 5 to 17 years (mean 4.9 years). The 5 and 10-year observed survival rates for patients with stages C and D1 disease were similar to the expected survival. Sixteen patients had residual cancer postoperatively but only 2 had local progression: 1 had received no adjuvant therapy, and 1 had received diethylstilbestrol and radiation. None of the others, having received adjuvant radiation and/or orchiectomy, suffered local recurrence. Over-all, local progression occurred in 17 patients, only 4 of whom had received adjuvant treatment initially (diethylstilbestrol, 1 also received radiation). Local progression occurred in 13 of 47 patients (28 per cent) without adjuvant treatment. Thus, in all patients immediate adjuvant bilater...
Feeding swallowing difficulties in the first three years of life: A preterm and full-term infant comparison

Abstract Objective To assess the prevalence of feeding-swallowing difficulties (FSDs), and to examine which FSDs are the most common in young children. Methods FSDs were defined as difficulties in sucking, food transitions, gastroesophageal reflux (GERD), food selectivity, salivary control issues, and poor growth. Mothers of children ≤3 years of age completed an online survey. Results Twenty-seven percent of our sample (n = 204) reported that their child experienced FSDs. Being born preterm increased the odds ratio of reporting an FSDs by 3.319. 10.90% of our sample reported having more than one FSD. GERD was significantly (p Conclusion FSDs are relatively common in early childhood (27%) with GERD being the most reported by parents. Preterm birth is a significant predictor of FSDs. These findings further motivate the need for more research on FSDs in childhood.
Inaccuracies in the 2020 Census Enumeration Could Create a Misalignment Between States’ Needs

As the most accurate reflection of the United States population, the US decennial census is vital to health policymakers and others at all levels of government. Competing priorities related to cost...
Maternal immune activation in rats blunts brain cytokine and kynurenine pathway responses to a second immune challenge in early adulthood

Maternal immune activation (MIA) with the viral mimic poly I:C provides an established rodent model for studying schizophrenia (SZ) and other human neurodevelopmental disorders. Postnatal infections are additional risk factors in SZ and may cumulatively contribute to the emergence of pathophysiology. Underlying mechanisms may involve metabolites of the kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan degradation, which is readily induced by inflammatory stimuli. Here we compared the expression of selected cytokines and KP enzymes, and the levels of selected KP metabolites, in the brain of MIA offspring following a second, acute immune challenge with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on postnatal day (PND) 35 (adolescence) or PND 60 (early adulthood). Assessed in adolescence, MIA did not alter the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (except TNF-α) or KP metabolite levels compared to controls, but substantially reduced the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 and influenced the expression of two of the four KP enzymes examined (IDO1 and TDO2). LPS treatment caused distinct changes in the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as KP enzymes in MIA offspring, but had no effect on KP metabolites compared to control rats. Several of these effects were blunted in MIA offspring receiving LPS on PND 60. Notably, LPS caused a significant reduction in brain kynurenine levels in these animals. Of relevance for SZ-related hypotheses, these results indicate that MIA leads to an increasingly defective, rather than an overactive, immune regulation of cerebral KP metabolism during the postnatal period.
Non-Abelian composition factors of finite groups with the CUT-property

Abstract A finite group G is said to have the CUT-property if the integral group ring Z [ G ] has only trivial central units. As shown in [3] , G has the CUT-property if and only if for every g ∈ G , any generator of 〈 g 〉 is conjugate to either g or g − 1 . Such a group is therefore quadratic rational, i.e. [ Q ( χ ) : Q ] ≤ 2 for every irreducible character χ ∈ Irr ( G ) . The possible non-abelian composition factors of quadratic rational groups have been classified in [4] . In this paper, we determine which of these finite simple groups occur as composition factors of some finite group with the CUT-property.
Outcomes of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Biologic Augmentation in Patients 21 Years of Age and Younger.

Purpose To report on the outcomes of a subset of patients ≤21 years of age after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction coupled with biologic augmentation using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and a porous collagen carrier. Methods A cohort of patients was retrospectively reviewed after ACL reconstruction with hamstring autograft tendon. All reconstructive surgeries combined biologic augmentation in which the ACL graft was coupled with PRP contained within porous collagen membrane. Patients were included if they maintained a minimum follow-up period of 24 months. Outcomes were assessed through patient-reported questionnaires and physical examination in the clinical setting. Patient-reported outcomes including International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Lysholm, Tegner, and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) scores were collected. ACL stability was evaluated using Lachman and KT-1000 testing. Patients were also evaluated for return to play at the same level of competition, family history of ACL injury, and time to complete rehabilitation. Results A total of 194 patients were initially eligible; 143 (74%) patients with 151 knees were ultimately evaluated. The average patient age was 16 years; 79 patients were female and 64 were male. Follow-up duration averaged 52 months. IKDC and Lysholm scores averaged 91 and 91; the average SANE score was 94. The KT-1000 side-to-side difference averaged 1.2 mm. The average time to complete physical therapy was 22 weeks, and 132 patients (92%) returned to their preinjury level of competition. There were 23 cases of contralateral ACL injury (15%) and 7 cases of ACL reinjury necessitating revision surgery (5%). Conclusions Biologic augmentation with hamstring autograft in ACL reconstruction shows a decreased rate of second ACL injury, specifically with regard to ACL revision surgery. The patients in this study also show higher return to preinjury level of competition at a faster rate than other studies have shown. Level of Evidence Level IV, Therapeutic Case Series.
Index Funds and the Future of Corporate Governance: Presentation Slides

The presentation slides in this document provide an overview of our study Index Funds and the Future of Corporate Governance: Theory, Evidence, and Policy, which is forthcoming in the Columbia Law Review in December 2019. The slides build on and update our presentations at the 2019 ECGI Annual Meeting in Barcelona in which our study was awarded the ECGI’s Cleary Gottlieb Steen Hamilton Prize. The slides begin by describing the agency-costs theory of index fund incentives that we put forward. Our agency-costs analysis shows that index fund managers have strong incentives to (i) underinvest in stewardship and (ii) defer excessively to the preferences and positions of corporate managers. The slides then present a summary of our empirical findings regarding the range of stewardship activities that index funds do and do not undertake. We discuss four dimensions of the Big Three’s stewardship activities: (1) The limited personnel time they devote to stewardship regarding most of their portfolio companies; (2) The small minority of portfolio companies with which they have any private communications; (3) Their focus on divergences from governance principles and their limited attention to other issues that could be significant for their investors; and (4) Their pro-management voting patterns. The slides also present a summary of our empirical evidence regarding five ways in which the Big Three may fail to undertake adequate stewardship: (1) The limited attention they pay to financial underperformance; (2) Their lack of involvement in the selection of directors and lack of attention to important director characteristics; (3) Their failure to take actions that would bring about governance changes that are desirable according to their own governance principles; (4) Their decision to stay on the sidelines regarding corporate governance reforms; and (5) Their avoidance of involvement in consequential securities litigation. The slides explain that this body of evidence is, on the whole, consistent with the incentive problems that our agency-costs framework identifies. Finally, the slides conclude by discussing the policy implications of the theory and evidence we put forward. Our study is part of a larger project on the incentives of investment managers that also includes The Agency Problems of Institutional Investors (with Alma Cohen) and The Specter of the Giant Three.
Insulin-like growth factor-1 and soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 prospectively predict cancelled IVF cycles

To identify biomarkers that prospectively predict IVF cycle cancellation. In this prospective study, sera were obtained prior to any intervention, from women about to undergo an IVF cycle. The sera were assayed by ELISA for levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-2, IGF binding protein (BP)-1, and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFLT-1). The cancellation or progression of the IVF cycle was subsequently obtained by chart review. Associations between serum components and outcome were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test. Receiver operator curves were constructed to evaluate the strength of the correlations between biomarkers and cycle cancellation, as assessed from the area under the curve (AUC). A total of 205 women were included. Twenty-seven (13.2%) cycle cancellations due to poor response were recorded. Women with a cancelled cycle had reduced anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) values (p < 0.001) and antral follicle count (p = 0.003). There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to age and BMI. Median concentrations of IGF-1 and sFLT-1 were elevated in sera from women whose IVF cycles were cancelled as compared to those with ongoing cycles (p = 0.015 and p < 0.001, respectively); AUC for IGF-1 and sFLT-1 were 0.67 and 0.75, respectively. Concentrations of sFLT-1 remained significantly higher in patients with cancelled cycles even after controlling for AMH levels. There were no differences in IGF-2 and IGFBP-1 levels between the two groups. Measurement of circulating IGF-1 and sFLT-1 levels prior to initiation of an IVF cycle has the potential to identify women whose cycles have an increased likelihood to be subsequently cancelled.
Cyber Secured: A Serious Game for Cybersecurity Novices

We developed an educational serious game to teach basic cybersecurity concepts to novices. An evaluation of the game on introductory Computer Science and Business students suggests that playing the game resulted in both short-term learning gains in cybersecurity as well as longer-term retention of the concepts. We also saw evidence that students who played the game had increased interest in cybersecurity, and students self-reported interest in playing the game to learn more about and assess their knowledge of cybersecurity.
Toward Development of Climate-Resilient Citrus

In this era of extreme urbanization and mass deforestation, agriculture is highly affected owing to increase in the prevalence of diseases and global climate change. Citrus is one of the most common fruit crops known worldwide not only for its health benefits but also for its economic importance to the industry. But it has been severely affected by the increased risk of pathogen-induced diseases and abiotic stresses like salt, drought, and temperature. Citrus is one of the difficult plant species to develop new varieties by conventional breeding programs. With recent advancement in the technologies, scientists all over the world have adopted them to respond to the challenges posed by the citrus plant system. Here in this current review, we have talked about the developments in linkage mapping, identification of QTL regions, and how the omics approach have been used to circumvent the critical problems. In the recent years, researches have shown a significant progress toward overcoming the hardships of citrus research. Besides, citrus researchers are building international collaborations and are very optimistic that they will be able to globally sustain the productivity of this highly nutritious and economic crop in the future.
Si-based materials for lithium-ion batteries X: 70% surface-modified Si/C/polyvinylidine difluoride-carbon black/lithiated polyacrylic acid electrode

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to analyze a 70% Si/C/polyvinylidine difluoride/carbon black/lithiated polyacrylic acid electrode fabricated at the Cell Analysis, Modeling, and Prototyping Facility (CAMP), Argonne National Laboratory. The spectra were obtained using incident monochromatic Al Kα radiation at 1486.6 eV (0.834 01 nm). A survey spectrum together with O 1s, C 1s, and Si 2p are presented. The spectra indicate the principal core level photoelectron and Auger electron signals with only minor copper and lithium signals and show the expected silicon-carbon and silicon-fluorine species related to the surface modification process in addition to oxidized carbon and silicon due to atmospheric exposure.
Conservative Treatment of Peroneal Tendon Injuries: Peroneal Tendon Sheath Ultrasound-Guided Corticosteroid Injection

Peroneal tendon pathology has multiple etiologies and is a common cause of lateral ankle pain. Despite being the initial treatment directive, conservative modalities are few and often have a limited ability to affect the natural history of the unique tendon pathology. While corticosteroid injections are frequently used in musculoskeletal care, it has recently been determined that ultrasound-guided peroneal tendon sheath corticosteroid injections are a reliable and safe alternative and/or adjunct, when other modalities have failed.
Design of Ternary Master-Slave D-Flip Flop using MOS-GNRFET

Graphene Nano Ribbon Field Effect Transistors (GNRFETs) are being investigated for a wide range of applications due to its unique characteristics like controllable threshold voltage, high I on -I off ratio, etc. One of the emerging areas of research on GNRFET is its utilization in beyond-binary logic and memory circuits designs. This paper presents new designs of a basic ternary D latch and a positive edge-triggered Master-Slave D flip-flop. The proposed designs exploit the electrical properties of GNRFETs and appears to be better than other similar designs in terms of delay, static power, and the average power. Simulations are done using a 16nm three ribbon MOS-GNRFET HSPICE model.
The impact of data feedback on physician practice patterns

Data were collected from computerized clinical and financial information systems at LDS Hospital in Salt Lake City, Utah. The data were statistically analyzed to display interphysician differences for a variety of practice parameters. Additional analyses indicated if individuals' variations from the group mean were greater than could be expected due to chance alone. The data were fed back to the physicians and a before-after analysis was carried out to determine if the data feedback had any impact on the physicians' subsequent practice patterns. Two medical procedures were the subject of study: well-baby delivery and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Four parameters were studied in each domain. Minimal to moderate changes in physician practice were noted following the data feedback in obstetrics. The group rate for use of antibiotics in vaginal delivery decreased from 8.21% to 6.77% (p = 0.298). Two physicians decreased their antibiotic use dramatically; as a result there was decreased variability among the practitioners following the feedback. The group elective induction rate decreased from 9.86% to 6.62% (p = 0.028) although the reasons for the change are unclear. Laceration rates did not change, and sample sizes in use of antibiotics in cesarean section were too small to be meaningful. The changes in CABG surgery were more dramatic. Surgical time dropped from 215 to 205 minutes (p = 0.045), length of stay dropped from 9.35 to 9.01 days (p = 0.3339), and postoperative length of stay dropped from 7.57 to 7.14 days (p = 0.1413). Despite drops in surgical time and length of stay, adjusted total charges rose by 3%. On several occasions, individual physicians changed by statistically significant amounts for the various parameters. Several techniques of continuous quality improvement were attempted in this project: separation of random from assignable variation, graphical display of data, user determination of variables to examine, and analysis of the process of care. Although the graphical display of data seemed to work well, analysis of process and user determination of variables to examine were difficult to implement due to limited physician availability and the complexity of medical care. The objective results of the project are encouraging; however the complexity of medical care presents significant limitations to the widespread use of these techniques.
More Than Our Share: The Unchecked HIV/AIDS Crisis in Mississippi

Rich and varied cultures as well as rich and varied geography make Mississippi a charming state. Mississippi has provided the world with talented musicians, gifted authors, and many creative individuals who have shaped American culture. There is beauty in the century-old oaks trees, power in the mighty Mississippi River, excitement in the sun and sand of the gulf coast, and grace in the abundance of fragrant azalea bushes. Underneath the veneer of southern gentility and beauty, however, there is a tangled and disparaging world of hardship and disparity. There are layers of dark history that have left deep gouges in the metaphorical landscape and continue to impact much of everyday life for the residents of the state. The horrors of slavery and segregation still echo throughout Mississippi, and prevailing conservative Christian values have profound effects on social welfare policy. Meanwhile, modern societal problems such as extreme poverty, racism, and substandard education tear at the fabric of Mississippi society. Mississippi’s place as last in the country in almost every socioeconomic category causes and exacerbates a host of deeper issues, and chief among them is the HIV/AIDS crisis, one of Mississippi’s deadliest and yet most ignored problems.
MANGANESE SCHIFF′S BASE COMPLEXES PART 2, SYNTHESIS AND SPECTROSCOPY OF CHLORO‐COMPLEXES OF SOME DERIVATIVES OF (SALICYLALDEHYDEETHYLENEDIIMINATO) MANGANESE(III)

Abstract A series of new five-coordinate complexes of the type [Mn(SB)Cl] where SB is the tetradentate Schiff's base of the 4- X derivative of salicylaldehydeethylenediimine, ( X = H, CH 3 , sec-C 4 H 9 , OCH 3 , Br and 3,4- X derivatives of hydroxyacetephenoneethylenediimine, ( X = H, CH 3 , have been synthesized and characterized. I.R. and electronic absorption spectra have been measured and tentative band assignments made. The room temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements on the complexes in dimethylsulfoxide solution and in the solid have been carried out.
Catabolism of Substituted Benzoic Acids by Streptomyces Species

Four thermotolerant actinomycetes from soil, identified as Streptomyces albulus 321, Streptomyces sioyaensis P5, Streptomyces viridosporus T7A, and Streptomyces sp. V7, were grown at 45°C in media containing either benzoic acid or hydroxyl- and methoxyl-substituted benzoic acids as the principal carbon sources. Benzoic acid was converted to catechol; p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, and veratric acids were converted to protocatechuic acid; and m-hydroxybenzoic acid was converted to gentisic acid. Catechol, protocatechuic acid, and gentisic acid were cleaved by catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase, and gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase, respectively. Dioxygenases appeared only in induced cultures. m-Hydroxybenzoic, m-anisic, and p-anisic acids were gratuitous inducers of dioxygenases in some strains. One strain converted vanillic acid to guaiacol.
Using dynamic binary instrumentation to create faster, validated, multi-core simulations

The Memory Wall continues to be a problem with modern systems design. While the steady increase in processor speeds has abated somewhat, Moore’s Law continues to provide more transistors to chip designers. This leads to an increase in the number of processors and threads located per chip, which increases the demands on memory systems. Current simulation technology is not able to keep up, leading to sacrifices in methodology and accuracy in order to get results in reasonable time. Because cycle-accurate simulators are so slow, various methods for reducing execution time can be used. Unfortunately these methods can introduce variations in results of between 10-50% when compared to full reference input sets. Limitations of academic simulators also constrain the architectures under study, with results generated for obsolete or uninteresting systems. We analyze the performance and accuracy of various limited-execution methodologies. We investigate how deterministic execution affects the measurement of error. We then evaluate using Dynamic Binary Instrumentation (DBI) as an alternative to cycle-accurate simulation. We compare our results to actual systems using hardware performance counters. We look first at a simple 32-bit RISC system, and then look atmore complex 64-bit x86 based systems. Finally we investigate the feasibility of using the same methodology for modern multi-processors simulations.
A proof of Baum-Connes conjecture of real semisimple Lie groups with coefficient on flag varieties

We consider the equivariant K-theory of a real semisimple Lie group which acts on the (complex) flag variety of its complexification group. We construct an assemble map in the framework of KK-theory and then we prove that it is an isomorphism. The prove relies on a careful study of the orbits of the real group action on the flag variety and then piecing together different orbits. This result is a special case of the Baum-Connes conjecture with coefficients.
The concept of the death drive: a clinical perspective.

This paper discusses Freud ’s theory of the death drive in the light of clinical experience with severely self‐destructive personality disorders, and contemporary object relations theory. Repetitio...
A Case Study of Accommodating Indigenous Cultural Values in Water Resource Management: Privatization and Co-Management

The management of rivers and their catchments around the world are significantly affected by the claims of indigenous people. In the arid west of the United States, local indigenous tribes have or are in the process of obtaining water rights to major portions of the Colorado and Columbia rivers. Likewise, in Australia indigenous claims on the Murray-Darling Basin threaten the current water allocations and add another layer of complexity to the management issues. The recently signed Waikato River Settlement in New Zealand does not address ownership of water but requires co-management between local tribes and the government to address the health and well-being of the river. These claims and settlements affect the management of rivers in several ways. One important aspect is the change in governance powers and functions. Another important aspect is the inclusion of cultural values in managing natural resources. This paper will focus on how cultural values may be accommodated in natural resource management from an economics perspective.