cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Up-to-Date Magic: Theatrical Conjuring and the Trick Film

During the first decade of the twentieth century, "up-to-date magic" was a theatrical and cinematic phenomenon that entertained audiences around the world. This article traces an integrated history of stage and screen that connects the styles of magic performed in turn-of-the-century vaudeville and music-hall theatres to the modes of cinematic illusion seen in contemporaneous trick films. Attention is paid to the work of Georges Melies and Gaston Velle—French magicians who became prolific early filmmakers—to exhibition contexts where live illusions were seen alongside trick films, and to the divide that opened between conjuring and cinema as a result of differing attitudes toward the importance of mystery and secrecy.
Be prepared for the big genome leak

It is only a matter of time until idealism sees the release of confidential genetic data on study participants, says Steven E. Brenner.
Factors affecting price of subtropical fresh peach production: an analysis of weekly wholesale price in the spring season.

Texas and other regions with a similar climate are now able to produce a fresh peach which could be marketed in early spring, given adequate prices. This research indicates that peach size, origin, and competing fresh fruits influence weekly spring peach prices. In view of the precipitous seasonal spring decline in fresh peach price, potential producers must give attention to early varieties, whereas later-maturing varieties may be profitable as a result of the observed premium associated with fruit whose diameters exceed 2.25 inches.
Clustered tRNA genes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe centromeric DNA sequence repeats.

Abstract The centromere-associated B' and B DNA sequence repeats of Schizosaccharomyces pombe chromosomes I and II have been found to contain clusters of tRNA genes. The centromere II region (cen2) includes at least 22 tRNA genes distributed among five copies of the B sequence repeat containing genes specifying tRNA(Ile), tRNA(Ala), and tRNA(Val). Individual B repeats are variously associated with other tRNA genes, including those specifying tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Arg), and tRNA(Glu2). The centromere I region (cen1) contains at least six tRNA genes in two copies of the B' repeated element, including genes specifying tRNA(Ile), tRNA(Ala), and tRNA(Glu3). Multiple tandemly arranged clusters of tRNA genes are presumably conserved due to restricted recombination frequencies in the centromere regions.
Regional-scale boundary layer ozone variations in the eastern United States and their association with meteorological variations

Abstract Four regions (north, northeast, south, and southeast regions) were established in the eastern United States to study the variation of the diurnal maximum ozone concentration (DMOC) at the surface with the variation of certain surface meteorological parameters over two 31 day periods, 15 June to 15 July 1990 and 1–31 July 1988. The DMOC variations in the south region were different from those in the north, northeast, and southeast regions. In the north, northeast, and southeast regions, ozone increases and decreases occurred almost simultaneously, whereas in the south region, ozone variations were often out of phase with the other regions. The north, northeast, and southeast regions were directly affected by the same migratory high-pressure systems, if not simultaneously at least consecutively; but these high-pressure systems seldom moved directly into the south region. The south region was affected either by the peripheral regions of these high-pressure systems or by the weak and not well-organized migratory systems that had very little influence in the north, northeast, and southeast regions.
Effect of chronic cholinergic denervation on the m1 muscarinic receptor mechanism.

The first three parts of the transduction mechanism for m1 muscarinic receptors (m1 receptors, receptor-G protein coupling, and the activation of phospholipase C) were studied in the rat hippocampus following unilateral or bilateral surgical lesions of the fimbria/fornix. One nM 3H-pirenzepine was used to label m1 receptors selectively. No changes in m1 receptor numbers were found between age 1.7 and 29 months old during normal aging or one year after cholinergic denervation. The interaction between m1 receptors and their associated G protein was examined by competition between 1 nM 3H-pirenzepine and oxotremorine-M in the presence and absence of a guanine nucleotide. The percentage of guanine nucleotide-sensitive high affinity binding sites for the agonist was similar in rats 1.7–29 months old and in rats 1 year after denervation. The ability of oxotremorine-M to activate phospholipase C, via m1, m3, and m5 receptors was also unchanged more than a year after cholinergic denervation of the hippocampus. We concluded that the initial steps in the m1 receptor transduction mechanism remain remarkably stable after denervation.
Dynamically adaptive spectral-element simulations of 2D incompressible Navier–Stokes vortex decays

Vortex dynamics often involves a wide range of strongly non-linearly interacting scales, and many situations arise in which relatively few aspects of the spatial configuration of the vortices seem to play a more significant dynamical role, and contribute more significantly to the energy spectrum, than does the rest of the flow. This presents a challenge to both simulation and analysis, as follows. A simulation method must be as highly accurate and computationally efficient as are methods that rely on simple spatial boundaries and geometry, but should also enable complex boundaries and geometry, as well as combined spatial and spectral analyses. That is, it should enable geometric analysis of vortex spatial aspects of any dimension – (approximate) points, curves, surfaces or volumes; and enable spatially local spectral analysis, to characterise potential spatially localised fractional-dimensional aspects such as spectral power laws. The spectral-element method (SEM) for numerically solving partial differen...
Banking on fewer children: financial intermediation, fertility and economic development.

This paper shows that financial intermediation can influence fertility and labor allocation decisions by raising market wages. The increase in wages induces some households to abandon ''traditional'' labor intensive methods of production managed at the household level and supply labor to ''modern'' sector firms. Since it is optimal for households in the modern sector to have fewer children, the labor allocation decision leads to lower national fertility. A panel VAR using financial intermediation, fertility and industrial employment share data in 87 countries is estimated. The empirical results show that the data are consistent with the theoretical predictions.
Fluctuating energy level Landau-Teller theory: application to the vibrational energy relaxation of liquid methanol.

State-to-state vibrational energy relaxation (VER) rates of the OH-stretch fundamental to select vibrational modes of liquid methanol are presented. The rates are calculated via a modified, fluctuating Landau−Teller (FLT) theory approach, which allow for dynamical vibrational energy level shifts. These rates are then compared to previously published results from Gulmen and Sibert [J. Phys. Chem. A 2004, 108, 2389] for the traditional Landau−Teller (LT) method as well as results calculated through time-dependent perturbation theory (TD), which naturally allow for the fluctuation. For the first time, this method is applied to a polyatomic molecular system, and the FLT theory greatly reduces the discrepancy between the LT and TD results or, at a minimum, is comparable to the LT approach with very little additional computational cost.
The absolute configurations of longitubine (7-O-acetyl-9-O-latifolylretronecine) and latifolic acid

Abstract A single crystal X-ray study established the absolute configuration of longitubine (7-O-acetyl-9-O-latifolylretronecine) and hence that of latifolic acid. The absolute configuration of latifolic acid conforms with that established chemically by Matsumoto, Okabe and Fukui, and consequently is not in agreement with that purportedly established through an X-ray study by Roitman and Wong.
Elder abuse education in residency programs: how well are we doing?

AbstractPurposeTo understand whether education is at the heart of underreporting elder abuse by surveying Michigan residency program directors to learn about their elder abuse curricula.MethodIn 2006, a questionnaire was mailed to 71 residency program directors in Michigan. Participants responded to
Iron upregulates melanogenesis in cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells

The purpose of our studies was to examine the relationship between iron and melanogenesis in retinal pigment epithelial cells, as prior observations had suggested that iron may promote melanogenesis. This relationship has potential clinical importance, as both iron overload and hyperpigmentation are associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Human fetal retinal pigment epithelial cells and ARPE-19 cells were treated with iron in the form of ferric ammonium citrate, after which quantitative RT-PCR and electron microscopy were performed. Melanogenesis genes tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1, Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome 3, premelanosome protein and dopachrome tautomerase were upregulated, as was the melanogenesis-controlling transcription factor, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). Iron-treated cells had increased pigmentation and melanosome number. Multiple transcription factors upstream of MITF were upregulated by iron.
Psychometric Properties of the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire-Preschool Revision.

The psychometric properties of the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire-Preschool Revision (APQ-PR) were explored in a sample of hyperactive-inattentive preschool children (N = 47) and nonimpaired controls (N = 113). A subset of parents completed the questionnaire on 2 occasions, approximately 1 year apart. Factor analysis revealed a 3-factor solution, accounting for 32.28% of the variance. The resultant Positive Parenting, Negative/Inconsistent Parenting, and Punitive Parenting factors demonstrated good internal consistency and temporal stability. At baseline, parents of hyperactive-inattentive and control children did not differ on any APQ-PR subscale. However, over time parents of controls increased their use of positive parenting techniques, whereas the use of positive parenting practices decreased over time in the hyperactive-inattentive group.
Tolerance and withdrawal to chronic morphine treatment in the week-old rat pup.

Abstract Chronic treatment of adult animals with morphine results in tolerance but there are fewer reports on the effects of chronic opiates during ontogeny. The present experiments assessed the development of morphine-induced tolerance and withdrawal in infant rats. Pups were injected with morphine twice daily from ages 1–7 days and then tested on day 7 for morphine-induced analgesia in a hot-water immersion test, and separation-induced ultrasonic vocalizations in response to isolation from the dam and littermates at 7 and 10 days of age. Tolerance occurred to the analgesic effects of morphine but not to its suppression of ultrasonic vocalizations. Separation-induced vocalizations were greatly increased in chronic morphine-treated pups following naltrexone-precipitated withdrawal at 7 days of age. The increase in ultrasonic vocalizations following naltrexone treatment in morphine exposed pups may be a developmentally unique sign of opiate withdrawal.
Negative Damping of Electrical Machinery

This paper presents (1) a more nearly complete and exact criterion of instability or hunting of a synchronous machine as influenced by its armature or tie line resistance, (2) a general stability criterion which includes in one formula three previously separately treated cases: the usual steady state power limit, rotor hunting produced by armature resistance, and self-excitation produced by series capacitance in the armature circuit, and (3) an indication, by means of a numerical example, of the limitations of the previously used approximate criterion for hunting due to armature resistance. In previous treatments, hunting, self-excitation, and loss of synchronism have been considered only separately, neglecting their mutual interactions. The present paper, on the other hand, considers their mutual effects and thus provides a general analysis by reference to which the limitations and proper fields of application of the approximate formulas may be found. Application of the complete criterion given is however rather laborious, and it is not suggested for general use in place of the approximate forms.
The safety of interstitial chemotherapy with BCNU-loaded polymer followed by radiation therapy in the treatment of newly diagnosed malignant gliomas: Phase I trial

The results of a multi-institutional phase I trial evaluating the safety of surgically implanted biodegradable 1,3-bis(chloro-ethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) impregnated polymer as theinitial therapy for malignant brain tumors are reported. This is the first study of locally delivered BCNU and standard external beam radiation therapy (XRT) given concurrently. Twenty-two patients were treated at three hospitals. The entry criteria were: single unilateral tumor focus larger than 1 cm3; age over 18 years; Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) of at least 60 h; and an intra-operative diagnosis of malignant glioma. Twenty-one of twenty-two patients had glioblastoma multiforme. After surgery, seven or eight BCNU-loaded polyanhydride polymer discs (7.7 mg BCNU each) were placed in the resection cavity. Postoperatively, all patients received standard radiation therapy; none received additional chemotherapy in the first 6 months. Neurotoxicity, systemic toxicity, and survival were assessed. No perioperative mortality was seen. Neurotoxicity was equivalent to that occurring in other series of patients undergoing craniotomy and XRT without local chemotherapy. Systematically, no significant bone marrow suppression occurred, and there were no wound infections. Median survival in this group of older patients (mean age=60) was 42 weeks, 8 patients survived 1 year, and 4 patients survived more than 18 months. Interstitial chemotherapy with BCNU-polymer with subsequent radiation therapy appears to be safe as an initial therapy. Several long-term survivors in this group of older patients with predominantly glioblastoma suggests efficacy in some patients. Dose escalation and efficacy trials are planned to further evaluate interstitial chemotherapy for the initial treatment of malignant gliomas.
Treatment of alcoholism and nicotine dependence.

In Reply. —There is no doubt that improvement in functional outcome is an important measure of the effectiveness of alcoholism treatment. However, if the patient has achieved social stability and psychosocial adjustment but still dies prematurely because of an untreated addictive disorder, we believe this is a less than desirable outcome. Mortality is the ultimate outcome by which many medical treatments are judged. Many studies point out that mortality is an important outcome following alcoholism treatment.1,2 The problem in most addictions treatment programs at this time is that nicotine dependence is not addressed in the same way that other addictive disorders are treated. Historically, the early efforts at treatment of alcoholism by the Salvation Army did include the treatment of nicotine dependence.3Somewhere between then and the early 1960s when inpatient treatment programs began to develop, that concept was lost and the emphasis was on treating the alcoholism to the
Studies on the Mutagenicity of Mild Gasification Products of Coal and Their Subfractions by theSalmonella/Microsomal Assay

Mild gasification of coal is a technology being developed in the United States in order to upgrade lower rank coals and facilitate their use in coal-burning electric generation plants. Thirteen coal-derived mild gasification products from different coal sources and processing conditions have been examined for their potential biohazards. The mutagenicity of these samples was tested with the Ames Salmonella/microsomal assay. Two solvents, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and polyoxyethylene-sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80), were used to dissolve samples in a manner to facilitate their interaction with the test organisms. The results showed that 9 of the 13 samples displayed mutagenic activity in test strains TA98 and/or TA100 with or without metabolic activation, whether dissolved in Tween 80 or DMSO. Five mutagenic and two nonmutagenic samples were class-fractionated into basic, acidic, nonpolar, and polar neutral subfractions to examine their class-related mutagenic activities. Results of the testing of subfractions of the five mutagenic and one nonmutagenic samples showed mutagenic activity in at least the nonpolar neutral fraction. The subfractions of the another nonmutagenic sample did not display any mutagenic activity. Chemical characterization of the subfractions revealed the existence of aromatic hydrocarbons in certain subfractions, which may be responsible for the mutagenic activity of the coal-derived mild gasification products.
Comparison between the discrete and finite element methods for modelling an agricultural spray boom—Part 1: Theoretical derivation

The paper develops a systematic procedure for modelling linear flexible multibody structures of which the flexible parts are a composition of beams. The theory of mechanics of solids is fit into a general expression of virtual work, linking rigid-body motions with flexible deformations of the different bodies. A comparison is made with the finite element method for approximating the behaviour of the flexible bodies. It turns out that the discrete element method boils down to a particular selection of shape functions of which the mass matrix is inconsistent with the flexibility matrix. Furthermore, contrary to the finite element method, only point forces can be applied.
Energy Expenditure, Fat Oxidation, and Body Weight Regulation: A Study of Metabolic Adaptation to Long-Term Weight Change

Relatively low rates of energy expenditure and fat oxidation predict body weight gain. Weight gain, in turn, is associated with increases in energy expenditure and fat oxidation that may oppose further weight change. In response to experimental weight gain induced by overfeeding, increases in energy expenditure and fat oxidation are overcompensatory, i.e. greater than predicted for the change in body composition. To determine whether such metabolic adaptation occurs in response to spontaneous long term weight change, we conducted a longitudinal study in which 24-h energy expenditure (24-EE) and 24-h respiratory quotient (24-RQ; i.e. fat to carbohydrate oxidation) were repeatedly measured in 102 Pima Indians at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 3.6 +/- 2.7 yr, during which changes in body weight varied widely (-21 to +28 kg). We found that changes in 24-EE and 24-RQ in response to weight change were related to the amount of weight change, even after adjustment for body composition (partial r = 0.23 and -0.30, respectively; both P < 0.05). For a 15-kg weight gain, the increases in 24-EE (+244 Cal/day) and 24-h fat oxidation (+152 Cal/day) were 33 and 53 Cal/day greater than predicted from the cross-sectional relationship between both measures and body weight. Changes in 24-EE and 24-RQ varied substantially among individuals. Thus, on the average, spontaneous long term weight changes are accompanied by small metabolic adaptations in both energy expenditure and fat oxidation. The metabolic responses to weight changes are highly variable among individuals, however.
Toll-like receptor 4 plays no role in susceptibility of mice to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Abstract Although various members of the pattern recognition Toll-like receptor (TLR) family have been implicated in host resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, it remains unclear if the TLR4 receptor plays an important role. We demonstrate here that infection of TRL4-competent and TLR4-deficient mice on the C3 H inbred mouse strain background had similar outcomes, measured in terms of the course of the disease, cell accumulation patterns in the lungs, and lung histopathology. These data argue against a significant role for TLR4 in immunity to tuberculosis in the mouse model.
Awards and named lectures at the 68th scientific sessions.

At the recent American Heart Association 68th Scientific Sessions in Anaheim, California, November 13 to 16, 1995, the Scientific Councils’ distinguished lectureships, awards, and Young Investigator competitions continued their annual tradition of excellence, illustrating the summit of clinical and basic science research in cardiovascular medicine. The Louis N. Katz Basic Science Research Prize for Young Investigators, sponsored by the Council on Basic Science, was renamed this year in honor of both Louis N. and Arnold M. Katz, highlighting the continuity between generations of cardiovascular investigators through recognition of this remarkable father-son pair. Finalists for the award were Michael Kalafatis, University of Vermont, Burlington, for “A Biochemical Mechanism for Familial Thrombosis”; Jun-ichi Sadoshima (winner), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, for “The Heteromeric Gq Protein–Coupled Angiotensin II Receptor Activates p21 ras via the Src Family Tyrosine Kinase–Shc-Grb2-Sos Pathway in Cardiac Myocytes”; Margaret Schwarz, Columbia University, New York, NY, for “Endothelial-Monocyte Activating Polypeptide (EMAP) II, a Novel Antiangiogenic Protein, Suppresses Tumor Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Growing Endothelial Cells”; Didier Y.R. Stainier, University of California, San Francisco, for “ cloche , a Zebrafish Gene Required for Endocardial Cell Formation”; and Henry M. Sucov, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, for “Outflow Tract and Aortic Arch Malformations in Retinoic Acid Receptor Double-Mutant Embryos Implicate a Defect in the Differentiation of the Cardiac Neural Crest.” Finalists chosen for the Council on Cardiovascular Nursing New Investigator Award were Lynn V. Doering, Schools of Nursing and Medicine, University of California, Los …
Identification of novel Plasmodium gallinaceum zygote- and ookinete-expressed proteins as targets for blocking malaria transmission.

The development of transmission-blocking vaccines is one approach to malaria control. To identify novel Plasmodium zygote- and ookinete-secreted proteins as targets of blocking malaria transmission, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced against parasite-secreted proteins found in Plasmodium gallinaceum ookinete culture supernatants. Four MAbs—1A6, 2A5, 2B5, and 4B6—were identified that bound to P. gallinaceum zygotes and ookinetes in diverse patterns in terms of spatial localization on parasites, time course of antigen expression, and Western immunoblot patterns. MAbs 2A5 and 4B6 recognized more than one protein band as detected by Western immunoblot of P. gallinaceum ookinete supernatants. Beginning at 0 h postfertilization, MAb 2A5 recognized a diverse set of antigens; at 10 h postfertilization, MAb 4B6 recognized several antigens as well. MAb 1A6 recognized a single 17-kDa protein, and 2B5 recognized a single 32-kDa protein at 15 h postfertilization. In membrane feeding assays to assess the effect of these MAbs on P. gallinaceum infectivity for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, the addition of MAbs 1A6 and 2B5 to infectious blood meals significantly inhibited oocyst development in the mosquito midgut. In contrast, MAb 2A5 seemed to enhance infectivity. These results demonstrate that Plasmodium ookinetes secrete proteins (in addition to previously characterized chitinases) that may be targets for blocking malaria transmission. Future investigation of ookinete-secreted neutralization-sensitive molecules should provide valuable insight into mechanisms by which ookinetes exit the blood meal, penetrate and transverse the peritrophic matrix, and invade the mosquito midgut epithelium. One strategy to achieve global malaria control includes the development of transmission blocking vaccines. This approach targets antigens expressed by Plasmodium parasites either on gametocytes within the human host or within the mosquito (3). Antigens expressed by Plasmodium stages within the mosquito midgut are logical to consider for transmission blocking vaccines since the mosquito midgut stages of the malaria parasite represent a genetic bottleneck: many asexual-stage parasites in the vertebrate host are winnowed down by orders of magnitude to a few ookinetes ending up as oocysts on the mosquito midgut epithelium. Studies over the past two decades have begun to elucidate Plasmodium ookinete molecules that are necessary for invasion of the mosquito midgut. Secreted ookinete antigens may be useful as synergistic components of transmission blocking vaccines since molecules sequentially secreted from secretory organelles (micronemes, rhoptries, and dense granules) in api
Options in planning global energy strategies

Abstract In this study, we identify and evaluate future energy options for different nations as determined by 1. (a) availability of oil and gas resources (which depend on future prices, substitution potential, rate of additions to reserves, and the ability of nations to manage different levels of demand); 2. (b) flexibility of the relation between energy and GNP for the developed countries and the possible effects of energy curtailment on the economies of the nations; 3. (c) energy and capital requirements of the non-OPEC Less Developed Countries (LDCs); 4. (d) possible feedback of environmental side-effects on the energy-supply system. We have used engineering analysis, small-scale energy modeling, and scenario analysis. Our study suggests that the oil and gas resources will be largely depleted by the year 2010, even if price and reserves double by 2010. Furthermore, only low levels of future oil, gas and energy consumptions are plausible for all nations. This low-energy future requires significant increase in capital requirements for the LDCs and a reasonable energy conservation program in developed countries.
Extracting source parameters from beam monitors on a chopper spectrometer

The intensity distributions of beam monitors in direct-geometry time-of-flight neutron spectrometers provide important information about the instrument resolution. For short-pulse spallation neutron sources in particular, the asymmetry of the source pulse may be extracted and compared to Monte Carlo source simulations. An explicit formula using a Gaussian-convolved Ikeda-Carpenter distribution is given and compared to data from the ARCS instrument at the Spallation Neutron Source.
Low temperature chemical vapor deposition of Co thin films from Co2(CO)8

Cobalt thin films were deposited on the Si(100) substrates with temperatures ranging from 60 -C to 250 -C using chemical vapor deposition with a metallorganic Co2(CO)8 precursor. After Ar sputtering of the surface of the films, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed negligible O peak for all samples investigated. Analysis of high-resolution XPS Co and C peaks showed that a Co–C bond exists at high deposition temperatures of 140 and 160 -C. But pure Co peaks with no Co carbide bonding were observed for films deposition at 70 and 80 -C. Two growth rate maxima were observed at substrate temperatures of 120 and 220 -C using the Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. The two maximum growth rates are due to the transition from surface reaction controlled growth (60 to 140 -C) to masstransport controlled growth (150 to 220 -C). The decrease of growth rate after the maximum growth rate was believed to come from a change in the decomposition pathways and the sticking coefficient. D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Girlfriends, Wives, and Strippers: Managing Stigma in Exotic Dancer Romantic Relationships

When romantically involved, exotic dancers must not only manage the negative image of their occupations, but also negotiate conventional relationship norms, including exclusive sexual access. This study investigates the process of partnering among exotic dancers. Interviews with 37 female dancers and 19 male partners reveal that these couples face particular challenges as dancers attempt to balance the expectations of their partners with the demands of their profession. Some of this stress is related to differences in role-taking behaviors, or the inability of male partners to take the perspective of workers. Furthermore, this study explores how women manage the “deviant” label of dancing. Specifically, although dancers often defend their occupation, many ultimately succumb to stigmatization, accepting shame and ridicule. Others manage relationship and job expectations by altering their selection of partners to avoid stigmatization.
Internationalization Modules Of The Higher Education System In Iraq

The internationalization of higher education is a natural result of the internationalization of the worlds material and intellectual development, which means the modern types of organizations that could maintain worldwide cooperation and competition of commerce, industry and education. The education institutions in developing countries like Iraq are controlled primarily by national authorities, while internationalization could accept education objectives which are not defined by national views, but by international scope of scientific developments and multicultural enhancement. This research reviews the various aspects of the higher education system in Iraq and highlights the internationalization modules that enhance vital connections between Iraqi educational institutions and international organizations. In order to address the academic viewpoints toward internationalization in Iraq, a field survey was conducted using a questionnaire list. The research sample selected for the survey included high-level professional personnel to identify key problems and how the higher education system practically implemented the internationalization modulus in different activities, such as international curricula, international students, admission standards, international scholarships, collaborative student programs, intercultural communications, languages, textbooks, conferences, and workshops. The data collected were analyzed and the results were shown diagrammatically. It focuses on the evaluation of the internationalization contents in higher education and in teaching practices. It also discusses the challenges and opportunities to identify the promising teaching practices that could be achieved.
MapToGenome: A Comparative Genomic Tool that Aligns Transcript Maps to Sequenced Genomes

Efforts to generate whole genome assemblies and dense genetic maps have provided a wealth of gene positional information for several vertebrate species. Comparing the relative location of orthologous genes among these genomes provides perspective on genome evolution and can aid in translating genetic information between distantly related organ- isms. However, large-scale comparisons between genetic maps and genome assemblies can prove challenging because genetic markers are commonly derived from transcribed sequences that are incompletely and variably annotated. We de- veloped the program MapToGenome as a tool for comparing transcript maps and genome assemblies. MapToGenome processes sequence alignments between mapped transcripts and whole genome sequence while accounting for the presence of intronic sequences, and assigns orthology based on user-defi ned parameters. To illustrate the utility of this program, we used MapToGenome to process alignments between vertebrate genetic maps and genome assemblies 1) self/self alignments for maps and assemblies of the rat and zebrafi sh genome; 2) alignments between vertebrate transcript maps (rat, salamander, zebrafi sh, and medaka) and the chicken genome; and 3) alignments of the medaka and zebrafi sh maps to the pufferfi sh (Tetraodon nigroviridis) genome. Our results show that map-genome alignments can be improved by combining alignments across presumptive intron breaks and ignoring alignments for simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) marker se- quences. Comparisons between vertebrate maps and genomes reveal broad patterns of conservation among vertebrate ge- nomes and the differential effects of genome rearrangement over time and across lineages.
Angular displacement perception modulated by force background.

We had recumbent subjects (n = 7) indicate the amplitude of imposed, passive yaw–axis body rotations in the 0, 1, and 1.8 g background force levels generated during parabolic flight maneuvers. The blindfolded subject, restrained in a cradle, aligned a gravity-neutral pointer with the subjective vertical while in an initial position and then tried to keep it aligned with the same external direction during a body rotation, lasting less than 1.5 s about the z-axis 30°, 60°, or 120° in amplitude. All the rotations were above semicircular threshold levels for eliciting perception of angular displacement under terrestrial test conditions. In 1 and 1.8 g test conditions, subjects were able to indicate both the subjective vertical and the amplitude of the body rotation reasonably accurately. By contrast in 0 g, when indicating the subjective vertical, they aligned the pointer with the body midline and kept it nearly aligned with their midline during the subsequent body tilts. They also reported feeling supine throughout the 0 g test periods. The attenuation of apparent self-displacement in 0 g is discussed in terms of (1) a possible failure of integration of semicircular canal velocity signals, (2) a contribution of somatosensory pressure and contact cues, and (3) gravicentric versus body-centric reference frames. The significance of the findings for predicting and preventing motion sickness and disorientation in orbital space flight and in rotating artificial gravity environments is discussed.
Degenerate Band Edge Crystals for Directive Antennas

We present an experimental demonstration of the degenerate band edge (DBE) behavior in anisotropic photonic crystals. Specifically, we present the design of a DBE crystal using a full-wave analysis method, its realization using laminate layers of printed strips emulating anisotropy, and experimental verification of field amplitude growth using field probe measurements. Although the DBE and magnetic photonic crystal theory has been presented before, this work is the first experimental demonstration of such anisotropic assemblies.
Generating Efficient MCMC Kernels from Probabilistic Programs

Universal probabilistic programming languages (such as Church [6]) trade performance for abstraction: any model can be represented compactly as an arbitrary stochastic computation, but costly online analyses are required for inference. We present a technique that recovers hand-coded levels of performance from a universal probabilistic language, for the Metropolis-Hastings (MH) MCMC inference algorithm. It takes a Church program as input and traces its execution to remove computation overhead. It then analyzes the trace for each proposal, using slicing, to identify the minimal computation needed to evaluate the MH acceptance probability. Generated incremental code is much faster than a baseline implementation (up to 600x) and usually as fast as handcoded MH kernels.
Integrating Neuropsychological Training Into a Counseling Psychology Curriculum

This article presents a rationale for the integration of training in neuropsychology into a counseling psychology curriculum. This rationale is discussed against the historical development of the counseling psychology specialty and the current practice of counseling psychologists. A means of integrating training in neuropsychology is proposed that allows this training to serve as a potential means of providing a unifying focus for various didactic and clinical components of the doctoral curriculum. Finally, attention is given to representative issues of professional identity as well as ethical considerations in neuropsychology training and practice.
Efficient known ncRNA search including pseudoknots.

Background Searching for members of characterized ncRNA families containing pseudoknots is an important component of genome-scale ncRNA annotation. However, the state-of-the-art known ncRNA search is based on context-free grammar (CFG), which cannot effectively model pseudoknots. Thus, existing CFG-based ncRNA identification tools usually ignore pseudoknots during search. As a result, dozens of sequences that do not contain the native pseudoknots are reported by these tools. When pseudoknot structures are vital to the functions of the ncRNAs, these sequences may not be true members.
Clearwood Quality and Softwood Lumber Prices: What's the Real Premium?

Diminishing quantities of appearance grade lumber and rising price premiums for it have accompanied the transitionfrom old-growth to young-growth timber. The pricepremiums for better grades are an incentive forproducers to undertake investments to increase the yield of those higher valuedproducts. Price premiums, however, arealsoan incentive forusers tosubstitute lowergrades, lowerpricedspecies, ornonwood materials for these higherpriced appearance grades. Thispossibiliry may cast doubt on the pemnce of the price premiums associated with appearance grode lumber. The real price premiums paid for appearance grades of lumberfrom January 1989 through October 1995 were substantial and quite stable during a widely fluctuating softwood lumber market. We found little or no evidence to suggest that these premiums are either "temporary" or are in decline. Although care is required in extrapolating these findings overfuture long time horizons typically required forsilvicultural investments in wood quality changes, the results of this study may help forest managers better understand the possible magnitude of real price premiums to use in evaluating those investments. West. J. Appl. For. 14(2):73-79. TO better meet the wood quality needs of the wood process- price premiums for higher grades of appearance grade soft- ing industry, foresters in the Pacific Northwest are currently wood lumber will likely be sustained with an increase in assessing whether intensive silvicultural treatments such as second-growth timber. thinning and pruningrepresent a viable economic strategy for producing increased volumes of higher valued clearwood Clearwood and Wood Quality lumber. Recent research indicates that intensive forest man- agement is probably the best method for improving the Manufacturers of secondary softwood forest products in
Chromobacterium violaceum Infection in Two Dogs

Chromobacterium violaceum is a saprophyte of soil and water in tropical and subtropical environments that is associated with rare but highly fatal infections in animals and humans. Systemic infection was diagnosed in two critically ill dogs from Florida. Fever was absent in both dogs. Both dogs were treated surgically and provided with intensive care, but only one survived. The identification of characteristic, violet-pigmented bacterial colonies on routine microbial cultures should alert microbiologists and clinicians to the likelihood of this dangerous pathogen. Because of the rapidly progressive nature of this infection, empirical antibiotic administration with fluoroquinolones should be employed pending susceptibility testing.
UWB localization modeling for electronic gaming

Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is very popular in indoor localization due to its high accuracy, which can lead to enhanced user experience in indoor motion gaming. In this paper, we introduce results of empirical measurement and modeling of the statistics of localization error in a typical indoor motion gaming scenario. Both time of arrival (TOA) and received signal strength (RSS) estimations are modeled, and the multipath dispersion, human body influence and bandwidth effects are analyzed.
Rationally induced RNA:DNA G-quadruplex structures elicit an anticancer effect by inhibiting endogenous eIF-4E expression.

RNA G-quadruplex (GQ) structures act as regulators of a diverse array of cellular processes including translation, pre-mRNA processing, and mRNA targeting. We report here a strategy of harnessing the natural ability of RNA GQs to inhibit translation by rationally inducing a GQ on a targeted mRNA to knockdown endogenous gene expression. We chose to target eIF-4E because of its key role in translation initiation and overexpression in multiple cancers and with the expectation that downregulation of eIF-4E would result in antiproliferation of cancer cells. Targeted hybrid (RNA:DNA) GQ structures were induced at the 5′-untranslated region (UTR) and the protein coding region of the eIF-4E mRNA by rationally designed and partially modified extraneous DNA sequences and their effect on eIF-4E expression was determined. The formation of a stable induced G-quadruplex was established by biophysical and biochemical methods. Thermodynamic parameters calculated from CD melting indicate formation of a stable induced GQ a...
Effect of cervical sympathectomy on the ocular response to systemic endotoxin.

SummaryPostganglionic sympathectomy decreases the severity of the ocular response to systemic endotoxin. This depressant effect is not present at 1.5 hr. but is present 4 hr after endotoxin. There is a decrease in the altered vascular permeability as measured by 125I-human serum albumin and a decrease in stromal hemorrhages and small vessel thrombi of the iridial portion of the ciliary process in the eye on the sympathectomized side. It is concluded that a high local concentration of adrenergic substances is partly responsible for making the eye unusually sensitive to the effects of circulating endotoxin.
Transport of dissolved organic nitrogen in Mississippi River plume and Texas-Louisiana continental shelf near-surface waters

Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in near-surface (<20 m depth) waters of the Texas-Louisiana continental shelf is the predominant form of total dissolved nitrogen that is advected by the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River plume. Relatively high DON concentrations associated with low-salinity (<33 psu) waters throughout the year can be traced within the plume along the Texas-Louisiana inner shelf. DON concentrations throughout the shelf were significantly higher near the Mississippi-Atchafalaya outflow region relative to downstream inner Gulf shelf locations. Significant intercruise variations were also evident, with the highest concentrations during May 1992 and lower values in October 1992. At a fixed location off the Mississippi River outflow region DON concentration covaried inversely with salinity on time scales of hours to months, confirming that source water is a determining factor for variations of bulk DON concentrations in the region. Similar variations in upper water DON concentrations at different locations and seasons occurred in both plume and nonplume waters, which resembled the seasonal concentration changes of riverine nitrogen, and show that this pool is useful in tracing the influence of riverine-derived nitrogen on the overall nitrogen balance of the NW Gulf of Mexico’s continental shelf. Plume and nonplume DON concentrations deviated from mixing lines between riverine and oceanic endmembers, suggesting that plume waters may be a sink and nonplume waters may be a source of a labile fraction of DON in the region.
Placenta Accreta: An Increasingly Common Problem

Placenta accreta is characterized by abnormal placental adherence to the uterine wall, frequently requiring cesarean hysterectomy and resulting in massive maternal hemorrhage at delivery, and other maternal, and potentially neonatal, morbidity. Blood loss at delivery often ranges from 2,000 mL to 5,000 mL, sometimes more. The incidence of placenta accreta is rising in parallel with the increasing cesarean delivery rate, as history of a previous cesarean delivery in the setting of a placenta previa is the greatest risk factor for accreta. Among women with placenta previa undergoing their second through fifth repeat cesarean, the rate of accreta is 11%, 40%, 61%, and 67%, respectively. Placenta accreta can be suspected on antenatal ultrasound, aided by maternal history and maternal-serum analytes. When accreta is suspected, maternal and neonatal morbidity can be reduced by a scheduled delivery in a tertiary care center by a multidisciplinary team that includes a 24-hour in-house obstetrician gynecologist, anesthesiologist, and immediately available gynecologic oncologist and interventional radiologist, with a large, well-stocked blood bank. Other morbidities and mortality, including maternal intensive care unit (ICU) admission, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, cerebral palsy, mental retardation, and infant death, may be minimized by scheduling delivery at 34 weeks9 gestation.
Conformational Rearrangement in the Nematic Phase of a Polymer Comprising Rigid and Flexible Sequences in Alternating Succession. Orientation-Dependent Interactions Included

Consider a homopolymer consisting of rigid and flexible sequences in alternating succession. The prototype is The degree of polymerization DP is very large. The oxyethylene units may occur in various disordered conformations or in the ordered one, ttt, with a statistical weight s* compared with unity for the disordered forms, collectively. Let γζ be the number of rigid sequences containing ζ rigid units, i.e., consisting of ζ rigid members joined by ζ-1 oxyethylene units in extended (ordered, ttt) conformations, the oxyethylene units flanking this sequence being otherwise conformed.
The Emergence of a Neotropical Mantispid from a Spider Egg Sac

It is well known that prior to 1934, most of our information regarding the biology of the Mantispidae was based on the study of the European Mantispa styriaca Poda, published by Friedrich Brauer (1869). He gave Lycosa inquilina C. Koch as the host and mentioned finding a larva in an egg sac of a species of Thomisus. Other European records have been added to the host list, notably that of Drassodes hypocrita Simon by Poujade (1898), and a drassid spider of unknown identity by Main (1931).
Application of tissue clearance technics in small animals.

Conclusions and summaryWe have shown that a major factor responsible for the apparently nonlinear tissue clearances as measured in small animals is the return of isotope to the area of the injection in the arterial blood. By means of a relatively simple procedure it is possible to make correction for this error and to obtain reasonable, exponential clearances. This correction is made by subtracting the simultaneously measured activity over a corresponding area of tissue from the count over the injection site.
Recognition of Bituminous Coal Contaminants in Radiocarbon Samples

Bituminous coal, previously suspected as a contaminant in radiocarbon samples, has now been demonstrated to be a source of dating error in archaeological and geological samples. Standard laboratory procedures are inadequate to recognize or remove coal from samples, but techniques for identifying coal particles include paleo-botanical and reflectance analyses, and possibly accelerator dating.
Cerebral perfusion in stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy syndrome.

Stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome is characterized by transient, focal neurologic symptoms occurring years after radiation,1 with focal or regional cortical thickening and gadolinium enhancement on MRI in the area of brain exposed to radiation. The pathophysiology of the syndrome is not well-understood. We present 2 patients with recurrent attacks of SMART syndrome with increased cerebral blood volume in affected regions and abnormal vascular reactivity on transcranial Doppler ultrasound, suggesting a potential mechanism.