cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Oil Wealth and Regime Survival in the Developing World, 1960–1999

The global oil market and its associated booms and busts have generated a large literature in political science. One contention in this literature is that political instability is a near-certain, long-term outcome of oil wealth. Another line of argument maintains just the opposite, that oil makes authoritarian regimes stronger by funding patronage and repressive apparatuses. In this article, I conduct the first cross-national tests of these arguments and investigate the effects of oil wealth and the oil booms and busts on political stability. Drawing on data from 107 developing countries between 1960 and 1999, I estimate the effects of oil wealth on regime failure, antistate social protest, and domestic armed conflict. Thus, as a first goal this article addresses an analytic shortcoming in previous studies by separating regime survival empirically from both economic policy and regime type (democratic or authoritarian) and by focusing on the direct effects of oil wealth on several measures of political stability. I address the relationship between oil wealth and these outcomes both by comparing exporters to the rest of the developing world and by comparing oil-rich states across pre-boom, boom, and bust periods. The results indicate that oil wealth is robustly associated with more durable regimes and significantly related to lower levels of protest and civil war. Moreover,
Erratum: Spectroscopic constants of H2 using Monte Carlo methods, S.A. Alexander and R.L. Coldwell, International Journal of Quantum Chemistry(2004) 100(6) 851–857

The original article to which this Erratum refers was published in International Journal of Quantum Chemistry (2004) 100(6)851–857
Service Delivery in the Developing World Context

Service delivery whether that of health or education, or that of electricity or water, remains a challenge in the developing world context. There are a variety of reasons this is the case much attention has been paid to the supply-side as in creating more facilities for service or developing sources such as water and energy. In this paper a nuanced understanding of the demand-side of service delivery, either from the perspective of the consumer, the local utility, or the local government is presented. Using the context of Mali, Nigeria and Uganda, we present case-studies in how the demand for service delivery shaped and helped iterate solutions that were developed to create payment systems, local service delivery architecture, and information management systems to support such efforts.
Lying Words: Predicting Deception from Linguistic Styles

Telling lies often requires creating a story about an experience or attitude that does not exist. As a result, false stories may be qualitatively different from true stories. The current project investigated the features of linguistic style that distinguish between true and false stories. In an analysis of five independent samples, a computer-based text analysis program correctly classified liars and truth-tellers at a rate of 67% when the topic was constant and a rate of 61% overall. Compared to truth-tellers, liars showed lower cognitive complexity, used fewer self-references and other-references, and used more negative emotion words.
Complex Analysis : The Geometric Viewpoint

Preface Principal ideas of classical function theory 1. Basic notions of differential geometry 2. Curvature and applications 3. Some new invariant metrics 4. Introduction to the Bergmann theory 5. A glimpse of several complex variables 6. Appendix Symbols References Index.
THE ESTIMATION OF MORTGAGE PREPAYMENT RATES

This paper uses a model in which prepayment rates on large pools of mortgages are a function of the differential between the prevailing market rate for mortgages and the contract rate at which the mortgages were originally issued. The empirical part of the paper shows a significant inverse relationship between the interest-rate differential and prepayment rates. The relationship is most elastic whenever the current market rate for mortgages is between one and three percent below the contract rate of the pool. For a given interest-rate differential, the estimated prepayment rate generally decreases and the elasticity increases as the contract rate rises.
Ehlers Danlos Syndrome: An Unusual Presentation You Need to Know about

The Ehlers Danlos syndromes (EDS) comprise a group of connective tissue disorders characterized by tissue fragility of the skin, ligaments, blood vessels and internal organs. Variable degrees of clinical severity and organ involvement are due to the molecular and biochemical heterogeneity of this group of disorders and have led to classification into well-characterized subtypes that are extending with the discovery of new genes and overlapping syndrome. Types include classical EDS (EDS I/II), hypermobility EDS (EDS III), vascular EDS (EDS IV), kyphoscoliosis EDS (EDS VI), arthrochalasia (EDS VIIA, B) and Dermatospraxis (EDS VIIC). Even to the well trained professional, the diagnosis of EDS remains a challenge due to overlapping symptoms and cases can remain without a well-defined classification. Life altering complications of this group of disorders include vascular and hollow organ rupture and ligamentous laxity leading to chronic dislocation with ensuing pain and long term disability. Patients initially present to the general practitioner who is expected to recognize the symptoms of EDS and to proceed with appropriate referral for definitive diagnosis and management to prevent devastating complications. In this paper, we describe a male with classical EDS complicated by devastating vascular and orthopedic events.
Analysis of Nonlinear Stress-Strain Behavior of Fiber-Reinf orced Composite Materials

Fiber-reinforced composite materials generally exhibit nonlinear stress-strain behavior in at least one of the principal material directions. For example, boron/epoxy and graphite/epoxy have highly nonlinear shear behavior. Moreover, boron/aluminum has nonlinear behavior transverse to the fibers as well as a shear nonlinearity, and carbon/carbon has nonlinearities in all principal material directions. The Jones-Nelson strain energy based nonlinear mechanical property model is extended to treat all nonlinearities of fiber-reinfor ced composites. The basic model will converge only up to a specific strain energy value. That limitation is eased by using new extrapolations of the stress-strain curve and mechanical property - energy curve for strain energies above available stress-strain data. These extrapolations are necessary because the strain energies of biaxial loading exceed the strain energies of uniaxial loading under which the properties are defined and because the maximum strain energies under uniaxial loading are different in the various principal directions due to orthotropy. Strains predicted with the new material model correlate well with strains measured by Cole and Pipes in uniaxial off-axis loading of boron/epoxy and graphite/epoxy. The predicted strains are also close to strains predicted by Hahn and Tsai, who use a material model with a single (shear) nonlinearity. Our model can be used for the several nonlinearities of boron/aluminu m and carbon/carbon; therefore, it is more widely applicable than the Hahn and Tsai model.
Dirac’s Point Electron in the Zero-Gravity Kerr–Newman World

The results of a study of the Dirac Hamiltonian for a point electron in the zero-gravity Kerr–Newman spacetime are reported; here, “zero-gravity” means G → 0, where G is Newton’s constant of universal gravitation, and the limit is effected in the Boyer–Lindquist coordinate chart of the maximal analytically extended, topologically nontrivial, Kerr–Newman spacetime. In a nutshell, the results are: the essential self-adjointness of the Dirac Hamiltonian; the reflection symmetry about zero of its spectrum; the location of the essential spectrum, exhibiting a gap about zero; and (under two smallness assumptions on some parameters) the existence of a point spectrum in this gap, corresponding to bound states of Dirac’s point electron in the electromagnetic field of the zero-G Kerr–Newman ring singularity. The symmetry result of the spectrum extends to the Dirac Hamiltonian for a point electron in a generalization of the zero-G Kerr–Newman spacetime with different ratio of electric-monopole to magnetic-dipole moment. The results are discussed in the context of the general-relativistic hydrogen problem. Also, some interesting projects for further inquiry are listed in the lastsection.
2,5-Dianilinoterephthalate bridged MM quadruply bonded complexes of molybdenum and tungsten

From the reactions between 2,5-dianilinoterephthalic acid and M2(O2CBut)4 in toluene the dicarboxylate bridged complexes [(ButCO2)3M2]2{µ-1,4-(CO2)2-2,5-(NHPh)2C6H2}, 1 (M = Mo) and 2 (M = W) have been isolated. The compounds are air sensitive, sparingly soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons but appreciably soluble in tetrahydrofuran. Electronic structure calculations employing density functional theory on the model compounds [(HCO2)3M2]2{µ-1,4-(CO2)2-2,5-(NHPh)2C6H2}, indicate that the ground state structure contains a planar bridge and that for molybdenum the HOMO is a bridge based molecular orbital. However, the compounds show reversible oxidation waves (CV and DPV) that for both M = Mo and W are metal based oxidations. Furthermore, the cations 1+ and 2+ are shown to be valence trapped and fully delocalized respectively. The magnitude of the electronic coupling of the two M2 centers, Hab, can be estimated as 383 cm−1 for 1+ and 1500 cm−1 for 2+ based on the corresponding low energy IVCT or charge resonance bands.
Anomalies in Security Returns and the Specification of the Market Model

We examine the hypothesis originally advanced by Roll [12] that observed anomalies in excess returns can be explained by misspecification of the market model used to estimate systematic risk. We find substantial misspecifications in the model systematically related to size and period of listing of the securities in question. There is some evidence that these misspecifications are associated with systemic biases in measured betas used to construct excess returns.
Robot II, A Small Unmanned Untethered Underwater Vehicle

A small unmanned, untethered submarine vehicle has been designed and is nearing completion. It has a speed of three knots for about four hours with a design depth of 300 feet. The main mission of the vehicle is as a platform for side-scan sonar. The vehicle has a cylindrical pressure hull fabricated in aluminum with an external skin to provide a low-drag shape. The submarine operates autonomously under the supervision of a Z-80-based microcomputer system which includes a digital autopilot, a ballast control system, and an acoustic command link. The autopilot controls four stabilizers independently, receiving information from a set of very low-cost sensors. The system is capable of carrying out a pre-selected series of stored concise commands as well as responding to changes received from the shore-based acoustic communication system.
Toward real-time kernel density estimate display for instrumentation

Histograms are commonly used in instrumentation to produce a visual representation of the probability density of a random signal from repeated measurements. However, histograms have a number of shortcomings as a method of data visualization. We propose using kernel density estimation as a replacement for histograms in instrumentation. Kernel density estimation has a number of advantages as a means of visualizing the probability density of a waveform or derived measurement. However, kernel density estimates have been considered too computationally burdensome for inclusion in instruments and virtual instruments. In this paper, we demonstrate that a graphics processing unit (GPU) can be used to compute and display kernel density estimates of actual measured data at a full video rate.
On variety in broadcasts

Kenneth Harwood is professor and dean of the School of Communications and Theater at Temple University in Philadelphia. In the following paper, he provides a definition for programming variety—a key issue in the current public policy debate over various aspects of broadcasting including the role of advertisers, and media ownership patterns.
Perirhinal Cortex Supports Encoding and Familiarity-Based Recognition of Novel Associations

SUMMARY Results from imaging and lesion studies of item recognition memory have suggested that the hippocampus supports memory for the arbitrary associations that form the basis of episodic recollection, whereas the perirhinal cortex (PRc) supports familiarity for individual items. This view has been challenged, however, by findings showing that PRc may contribute to associative recognition, a task thought to measure relational or recollective memory. Here, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we demonstrate that PRc activity is increased when pairs of items are processed as a single configuration or unit and that this activity predicts subsequent familiarity-based associative memory. These results explain the discrepancy in the literature by showing that novel associations can be encoded in a unitized manner, thereby allowing PRc to support associative recognition based on familiarity.
The Impact of Cultural Factors Upon Postpartum Depression: A Literature Review

Postpartum depression is a serious disorder that affects many women globally. Studies have shown that cultural factors play a significant role in postpartum depression; they may trigger postpartum depression as well as contribute to the alleviation of its depressive symptomatology. The cultural aspects of the postpartum period have been described in the literature; however, the impact of cultural factors upon postpartum depression has been less investigated, and studies that looked at this association have yielded oppositional conclusions. In addition, the literature is inconclusive as to whether there are significant differences among various cultures in the prevalence of postpartum depression. The purpose of this literature review is to identify and critically review published and unpublished studies regarding the effect of cultural factors on the alleviation or deterioration of postpartum depression. Results show that cultures have different rituals and beliefs that may affect the severity of postpartum depression.
A Defect in Milk Due to Light

Summary A "cardboard" taste and "linseed-oil" odor develop in whole milk which has been exposed to diffuse daylight for eight or more hours at about freezing temperature. The light apparently acts as a catalyst in the oxidation of the milk fat. The defect develops more rapidly in pasteurized than in raw milk. The presence of neither enzymes nor bacteria is necessary for the reaction. The defect develops no more rapidly in milk from cows fed heavy rations of cottonseed meal or linseed cake than in milk from cows receiving no oil feed.
Mining SNPs from EST databases.

There is considerable interest in the discovery and characterization of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to enable the analysis of the potential relationships between human genotype and phenotype. Here we present a strategy that permits the rapid discovery of SNPs from publicly available expressed sequence tag (EST) databases. From a set of ESTs derived from 19 different cDNA libraries, we assembled 300,000 distinct sequences and identified 850 mismatches from contiguous EST data sets (candidate SNP sites), without de novo sequencing. Through a polymerase-mediated, single-base, primer extension technique, Genetic Bit Analysis (GBA), we confirmed the presence of a subset of these candidate SNP sites and have estimated the allele frequencies in three human populations with different ethnic origins. Altogether, our approach provides a basis for rapid and efficient regional and genome-wide SNP discovery using data assembled from sequences from different libraries of cDNAs. [The SNPs identified in this study can be found in the National Center of Biotechnology (NCBI) SNP database under submitter handles ORCHID (SNPS-981210-A) and debnick (SNPS-981209-A and SNPS-981209-B).]
The mechanism of venous valve closure in normal physiologic conditions.

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to study the mechanism of venous valve closure in physiologic conditions in situ, particularly the clarification of the role of reversed flow through the valve in the closure of the valve cusps. A second purpose was the study of temporal relations between movements of the valve cusps, changes in geometry of venous sinus, and blood flow. Methods: Twelve healthy volunteers underwent examination with duplex ultrasound scanning. The time relationship between the flow and venous valve movements was analyzed on the basis of real time ultrasound scan records of the saphenofemoral junction. The size and shape of the common femoral vein and the proximal greater saphenous vein were measured with a planimeter. Results: Reverse flow below the valve was registered in only one of the 12 studied subjects. The maximum peak velocity of the reverse flow in this case was 0.8 cm/s and the duration was 0.2 seconds. The reverse flow was registered just before and just after valve closure. The mean duration of the outflow wave below the valve was 816 ± 57 ms, which was not significantly different from the time of the valve cycle (819 ± 55 ms; P =.864). The closure of the valve coincided with the decrease of the flow velocities. The first detectable movement of the valve cusps occurred 108 ± 21 ms after the beginning of the flow deceleration. The mean time interval from the first cusp movement to the complete closure of the valve was 139 ± 51 ms. Both the size and the shape of the sinus changed during the valve cycle. The size of the sinus increased as much as 127% of the baseline value (1.79 ± 0.25 cm at baseline; 2.27 ± 0.23 cm maximum; P =.02), and it became more spheric in shape. The changes in size and shape of the sinus coincided with the movements of the valve cusps. The first detectable change in the sinus size occurred 80 ± 30 ms after the first detectable movement of the cusps toward closure. Conclusion: Reverse flow through the valve is not necessary for the closure of the venous valve. The closure of the venous valve coincides with the decrease of the flow velocities and the ballooning of the sinus (increase of size and the curvature of the valve sinus). (J Vasc Surg 2002;35:713-7.)
Why the electoral college is bad for America

Thoroughly revised and updated, with an extensive analysis of the 2008 election, this book remains the best analysis of the Electoral College for both students and general readers. "The best book available on the electoral college. Edwards provides both an excellent review of the workings of the electoral college and an incisive analysis of the failings of the institution."-Marty Wattenberg, University of California, Irvine "A wonderfully accessible discussion of every aspect of the system by which presidents are elected in the United States...Edwards's book will be of interest to scholars and instructors focusing on the presidency (both currently and historically), as well as campaigns and elections."-David A. Dulio, Historian
Designing the STS-134 Re-Rendezvous: A Preparation for Future Crewed Rendezvous Missions

In preparation to provide the capability for the Orion spacecraft, also known as the Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV), to rendezvous with the International Space Station (ISS) and future spacecraft, a new suite of relative navigation sensors are in development and were tested on one of the final Space Shuttle missions to ISS. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) commissioned a flight test of prototypes of the Orion relative navigation sensors on STS-134, in order to test their performance in the space environment during the nominal rendezvous and docking, as well as a re-rendezvous dedicated to testing the prototype sensors following the undocking of the Space Shuttle orbiter at the end of the mission. Unlike the rendezvous and docking at the beginning of the mission, the re-rendezvous profile replicates the newly designed Orion coelliptic approach trajectory, something never before attempted with the shuttle orbiter. Therefore, there were a number of new parameters that needed to be conceived of, designed, and tested for this rerendezvous to make the flight test successful. Additionally, all of this work had to be integrated with the normal operations of the ISS and shuttle and had to conform to the constraints of the mission and vehicles. The result of this work is a separation and rerendezvous trajectory design that would not only prove the design of the relative navigation sensors for the Orion vehicle, but also would serve as a proof of concept for the Orion rendezvous trajectory itself. This document presents the analysis and decision making process involved in attaining the final STS-134 re-rendezvous design.
Ranking of multidimensional drug profiling data by fractional-adjusted bi-partitional scores

Motivation: The recent development of high-throughput drug profiling (high content screening or HCS) provides a large amount of quantitative multidimensional data. Despite its potentials, it poses several challenges for academia and industry analysts alike. This is especially true for ranking the effectiveness of several drugs from many thousands of images directly. This paper introduces, for the first time, a new framework for automatically ordering the performance of drugs, called fractional adjusted bi-partitional score (FABS). This general strategy takes advantage of graph-based formulations and solutions and avoids many shortfalls of traditionally used methods in practice. We experimented with FABS framework by implementing it with a specific algorithm, a variant of normalized cut—normalized cut prime (FABS-NC′), producing a ranking of drugs. This algorithm is known to run in polynomial time and therefore can scale well in high-throughput applications. Results: We compare the performance of FABS-NC′ to other methods that could be used for drugs ranking. We devise two variants of the FABS algorithm: FABS-SVM that utilizes support vector machine (SVM) as black box, and FABS-Spectral that utilizes the eigenvector technique (spectral) as black box. We compare the performance of FABS-NC′ also to three other methods that have been previously considered: center ranking (Center), PCA ranking (PCA), and graph transition energy method (GTEM). The conclusion is encouraging: FABS-NC′ consistently outperforms all these five alternatives. FABS-SVM has the second best performance among these six methods, but is far behind FABS-NC′: In some cases FABS-NC′ produces over half correctly predicted ranking experiment trials than FABS-SVM. Availability: The system and data for the evaluation reported here will be made available upon request to the authors after this manuscript is accepted for publication. Contact: yxy128@berkeley.edu
Dynamic and Static Fatigue of Silicate Glasses

Fatigue of silicate glasses was studied using both static and dynamic tests. Static fatigue data for acid-etched soda-lime silicate glass determined at 74°F in 50 and 100% rh can be represented by a single universal fatigue curve (UFC). The UFC for acid-etched glass does not lie on the UFC of Mould and Southwick, which was determined for abraded soda-lime silicate glass; the acid-etched glass was less susceptible to static fatigue. The susceptibility of acid-etched soda-lime silicate glass to static fatigue differed little from that of pristine E-glass and fused SiO2 fibers. Dynamic fatigue data for soda-lime, E, borosilicate, and fused quartz glasses agreed well qualitatively and quantitatively with fundamental crack velocity data for these glasses; the dynamic fatigue theory of Charles was used in the comparison. The theoretical implications of these results are discussed.
Large‐scale parametric survival analysis

Survival analysis has been a topic of active statistical research in the past few decades with applications spread across several areas. Traditional applications usually consider data with only small numbers of predictors with a few hundreds or thousands of observations. Recent advances in data acquisition techniques and computation power has led to considerable interest in analyzing very high-dimensional data where the number of predictor variables and the number of observations range between 104 – 106. In this paper, we present a tool for performing large-scale regularized parametric survival analysis using a variant of cyclic coordinate descent method. Through our experiments on two real data sets, we show that application of regularized models to high-dimensional data avoids overfitting and can provide improved predictive performance and calibration over corresponding low-dimensional models.
Sorption and transport of benzene in poly(ethylene terephthalate)

The kinetics and equilibria of benzene sorption in poly(ethylene terephthalate) were measured at 40°C, 50°C, and 60°C, with benzene activities ranging from 0.02 to 0.3. At most experimental conditions, diffusion was found to be Fickian; however, evidence of non-Fickian transport was found at the highest activity levels. Values of the diffusion coefficient of benzene range from 10-14 cm2/s at 40°C to 10−12 cm2/s at 60°C in the limit of low concentrations. Nonlinear isotherms observed for benzene sorption were successfully interpreted in terms of the dual mode model for sorption in glassy polymers, whereby the sorbed penetrant exists as two populations: one sorbed according to Henry's law and the other following a Langmuir isotherm. Non-Fickian transport data were correlated with a model that superimposes diffusion of both the Henry's law and Langmuir populations (the “partial immobilization” model) upon first-order relaxation of the polymer matrix.
Flouting the Demands of Justice? Physician Participation in Executions

Those who argue against physician participation in state mandated executions tend to bracket the question of whether the death penalty should be abolished. I argue that these issues cannot be neatly separated. On the one hand, if justice demands that some criminals be executed for their crimes, then there can be no ethical or moral barrier to the participation of physicians in the execution process. On the other hand, I contend that the testimony and expertise of the medical community is a necessary component of any fruitful reflection on whether capital punishment is, in fact, just. Thus, although the justice of capital punishment may render it permissible for physicians to participate in the execution process, the experience of physicians also sheds important light on whether the death penalty is morally justified.
Neoplasms in calves (Bos taurus).

From January 1, 1977 through December 31, 1978, 529,077 calves were slaugh- tered at a Wisconsin abattoir. Tissues from 36 calves found unfit for human consumption because of suspected neoplasia were examined histologically, and 19 lymphomas, seven mesotheliomas, one embryonal nephroma, one fibroma and one hemangiosarcoma were found. Scattered case reports give no indication of the frequency of neoplasms in calves. Available literature records 16 mesotheliomas, three testicular adenomas, two neph- roblastomas, two melanomas, and one each of lipoma, lymphangioma, chondrosar- coma, and ovarian granulosa cell tumor in calves and fetuses (2, 151. Most surveys of neoplasia in cattle do not distinguish between adults and calves (46, 16, 191. The incidence of lymphoma in calves has been reported (lo, 211. U.S. Meat Inspection reports based on gross examination give the incidence of malignant lymphoma, but other neoplasms are placed in four broad categories. We determined the relative frequency of neoplasms found in calves at one abattoir during a two-year period.
Ebony's Era Bell Thompson Travels the World to Tell the Story

Abstract This article identifies and examines the works of Era Bell Thompson, a foreign correspondent at a time when women and African Americans were not traditionally found in those positions. A textual analysis of approximately thirty articles Thompson wrote for Ebony magazine between 1953 and 1974 found she educated readers about the history, geography and culture of the places she covered; and she juxtaposed race relations and developments abroad that affected people of color worldwide with what was happening in the United States. Liberation movements in African and Caribbean nations, as well as personal and professional achievements of black people abroad, also figured prominently in Thompson's foreign correspondence. She stressed reconciliation and integration and offered that conflicts in developing nations and racism everywhere could be overcome through collective efforts that would lead to advancement of all people of color. Thompson's work is significant because her foreign correspondence framed...
Counting isomorphism classes of $β$-normal linear lambda terms

Unanticipated connections between different fragments of lambda calculus and different families of embedded graphs (a.k.a. "maps") motivate the problem of enumerating $\beta$-normal linear lambda terms. In this brief note, it is shown (by appeal to a theorem of Arqu\`es and Beraud) that the sequence counting isomorphism classes of $\beta$-normal linear lambda terms up to free exchange of adjacent lambda abstractions coincides with the sequence counting isomorphism classes of rooted maps on oriented surfaces (A000698).
De)liberalizing judicial independence in Egypt

The January 25th Egyptian revolution was initiated in the public square and defeated in the courts. In the months following the forced resignation of longtime president Hosni Mubarak, a protracted power struggle ensued between a people demanding self-governance and a chronically authoritarian regime. As the various stakeholders within the “deep state” realized their political disadvantage in mass street mobilizations by youth activists and opposition groups, they strategically transferred the conflict to the courts. Cognizant of Mubarak’s success in co-opting significant portions of the judiciary, the military-led interim government trusted the judges to deploy thin notions of rule of law to quash Egyptians’ demands for substantive justice and populist democracy. Thus, an assessment of Egypt’s so-called January 25th Revolution warrants an inquiry into the role that courts played in the retrenchment of a centralized, authoritarian state and what ultimately became a stillborn revolution. In the heady days following Mubarak’s forced resignation, youth activists and the Muslim Brotherhood had few qualms with litigating the revolution. In the 1990s, the judiciary had been the only state institution that dared to check executive powers through rights-protective rulings and public condemnations of fraud in the 2005 parliamentary elections. Indeed, the Egyptian judiciary had a long history of fighting for its independence from executive branch interference such that both secular activists and Muslim Brotherhood supporters viewed it as a liberal institution that would side with their calls for social justice. What transpired since 2011, however, has exposed the fallacy of these assumptions and called into question the liberal underpinnings of Egypt’s judiciary. In the end, the judges’ self-ascribed roles as the guardians of social order and political stability has proven to be more rhetorical than substantive. Accordingly, this article examines how a critical mass of Egyptian judges have strayed from the judiciary’s liberal roots dating back to the 19th century, resulting in the legitimation of the same authoritarian regime but for a new military elite coalition at the helm. Through mass death sentences of Muslim Brotherhood (MB) leaders and alleged supporters, convictions of dissident journalists, and punitive sentences of youth activists for protesting; the judiciary has signaled support for illiberal authoritarian practices that systematically quash personal, political, and legal liberty.
Evaluation of landfalling atmospheric rivers along the U.S. West Coast in reanalysis data sets

An intercomparison of landfalling atmospheric rivers (ARs) between four reanalysis data sets using one satellite-derived AR detection method as a metric to characterize landfalling atmospheric rivers (ARs) along the U.S. West Coast is performed over 15 cool seasons (October–March) during the period from water years 1998 to 2012. The four reanalysis data sets analyzed in this study are the Climate System Forecast Reanalysis (CFSR), Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA), ERA-Interim (ERA-I), and the Twentieth Century Reanalysis version 2 (20CR) data set. The Atmospheric River Detection Tool is used to identify AR features in the total vertically integrated water vapor (IWV) data of the reanalysis data, and validation of the reanalysis AR data are compared with AR data derived from satellite IWV observations. The AR landfall data from reanalysis were generally found to be in good agreement with satellite observations. Reanalysis data with less (CFSR) or no assimilation (20CR) of the satellite data used in this study had greater bias with AR characteristics such as IWV, width, and landfall location. The 20CR ensemble data were found to better characterize the AR landfall characteristics than the 20CR ensemble mean although all 20CR data underestimated AR landfalls particularly in the southern section of the U.S. West Coast. Overall AR landfall detections for the 15 year cool season period were within 5% of the satellite for the CFSR, MERRA, and ERA-I data.
An Examination of Findlay's Neoplatonism

Examen, a travers l'oeuvre de J. N. Findlay, de son systeme philosophique impertubablement mystique et selon lequel: 1Les methodes propres de la philosophie sont la phenomenologie et la dialectique| 2La methode phenomeno-dialectique revele que le monde de l'experience ordinaire est absurde de re| 3Un Absolu theleologique rationnel existe (et le monde de l'experience ordinaire doit donc avoir un complement)| 4Le complement du monde de l'experience ordinaire est un monde de type logique different, qui peut etre l'objet d'une experience extraordinaire.
Effects of Swimming and Basketball on Various Tests of Explosive Power

Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of playing basketball and swimming on three tests of explosive power (start and run, standing broad jump, and shot put). The experimental design accommodated 18 subjects tested on five different nonactivity days alternated with days of playing basketball and swimming. The three tests were performed one hour following the activity. The standing broad jump and the shot put were significantly affected by the activity, whereas the start and run test was unaffected. The standing broad jump was best on nonactivity days and the shot put was best on basketball days. The order of performing the tests was significantly different for the standing broad jump and for the start and run. Since jumping seems to be negatively affected by different land and water activity one should give more consideration to rest prior to any performance where jumping is considered an important part of the activity.
MASLACH BURNOUT INVENTORY: FACTOR STRUCTURES FOR PHARMACISTS IN HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATIONS AND COMPARISON WITH NORMATIVE DATA FOR USA PHARMACISTS

This study compared the factor structure and burnout scores obtained on the Maslach Burnout Inventory from 84 pharmacists in Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO) with the normative data for USA pharmacists. Results provided empirical support for the reliability and validity of the inventory to measure burnout within the profession of pharmacy. Values of Cronbach coefficient alpha for subscales of Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal Accomplishment were similar to those obtained with the normative sample. Factor analysis was conducted to yield the best three-factor solution. Derived factor loadings matched the three hypothesized subscales. On Personal Accomplishment the mean subscale score for HMO pharmacists was significantly higher than the normative score. Given limitations of the small sample, research is indicated to substantiate use of the inventory among HMO pharmacists.
Analysis on tuberculosis mortality from 2007 to 2011 in Qingdao city

OBJECTIVE To investigate the mortality rate and distribution characteristics of tuberculosis mortality from 2007 to 2011 in Qingdao city.METHODS Tuberculosis mortality was obtained by Qingdao Death-cause Registration System from 2007 to 2011,age,gender and geographical distribution of TB death cases were analyzed.RESULTS A total of 355 mortal tuberculosis cases was reported by Qingdao Death-cause Registration System from 2007 to 2011.The average annual mortality rate was 0.93 / 100 000,1.47 / 100 000 for male and 0.39 / 100 000 for female,0.75 / 100 000 for urban and 1.04 / 100 000 for rural people.Mortal pulmonary tuberculosis were 331,the average annual mortality rate was 0.87 / 100 000,1.40 / 100 000 for male and 0.33 / 100 000 for female,0.65 / 100 000 for urban and 0.99 / 100 000 for rural people.Extrapulmonary / miliary tuberculosis were 24,the average annual mortality rate was 0.06 / 100 000,0.07 / 100 000 for male and 0.06 / 100 000 for female,0.09 / 100 000 for urban and 0.04 / 100 000 for rural people,with the growth of the age,tuberculosis and pulmonary tuberculosis mortality rate showed an ascendant trend,mortality in 85 years or older group reached a peak,mortality rates were 34.84 / 100 000 and 33.55 / 100 000 respectively.CONCLUSION The mortality rate of tuberculosis is low in Qingdao,but the declining trend is not obvious.It is high in rural,elderly and male population.We should develop effective intervention measures for different types of tuberculosis,regions and target population.
Live Coding The Mobile Music Instrument.

We introduce a form of networked music performance where a performer plays a mobile music instrument while it is being implemented on the fly by a live coder. This setup poses a set of challenges in performing a musical instrument which changes over time and we suggest design guidelines such as making a smooth transition, varying adoption of change, and sharing information between the pair of two performers. A proof-of-concept instrument is implemented on a mobile device using UrMus, applying the suggested guidelines. We wish that this model would expand the scope of live coding to the distributed interactive system, drawing existing performance
Katalytische enantioselektive Funktionalisierung von nichtaktivierten terminalen Alkenen

Terminale Alkene sind leicht verfugbare Verbindungen, die in der chemischen Industrie in Form von α-Olefinen sowie als Produkte vieler gangiger Synthesereaktionen anfallen. Die organischen Transformationen solcher Alkene gehoren zu den am besten untersuchten Reaktionen in der chemischen Synthese, allerdings kennt man nur relativ wenige Reaktionen, in denen nichtaktivierte terminale Alkene katalytisch und enantioselektiv umgesetzt werden. In diesem Kurzaufsatz stellen wir diejenigen Falle vor, in denen die Stereokontrolle in katalytischen Reaktionen von 1-Alkenen ausreicht, um sie fur asymmetrische Synthesen nutzbar zu machen.
Melt evolution in felsic dikes inferred from the composition of gahnite in two new occurrences, Pala Chief and Elizabeth R composite dikes, California

We report the occurrence and composition of gahnite ([Zn,Fe,Mg,Mn]Al2O4) in aplites of the Pala Chief and Elizabeth R layered pegmatite-aplite dikes, Pala District, California, and the significance for felsic melt evolution. The aplite is characterized by alternating bands of white, fine-grained plagioclase + quartz + muscovite +/− black tourmaline and thin laminations defined by concentrations of reddish-brown garnet (“line rock”). Accessory gahnite occurs as extremely fine-grained (50–250 μm) green to bluish-green crystals. Gahnite compositions in both occurrences are similar and defined by end-member ranges Ghn83.5–90.9Hc8.7–15Spl0–1.4. Zinc contents in gahnite are high (36.7–39.5 wt.% ZnO for Pala Chief, 37.2–40.2 wt.% ZnO for Elizabeth R), the MgO and MnO contents are negligible (< 0.7 wt.%), and Fe is the main substitution present (< 6.9 wt.% FeO). Gahnite is chemically zoned and characterized by higher Zn (< 2 wt.% ZnO) and lower Fe, Mg, and Mn contents in rims compared to cores, which shows the substitution mechanism, and reflects fast growth during melt evolution via fractional crystallization followed by fast cooling. Compositional variations are greater within individual crystals than among crystals and between laminations, which indicate a homogeneous melt at the aplite scale. Compared with the composition of gahnite from pegmatites worldwide, the studied gahnite reflects a moderate degree of melt evolution. This study confirms the incompatible character of Zn in evolving pegmatite-aplite melts and shows the usefulness of gahnite as a petrogenetic indicator. Because gahnite is a resistant mineral, surficial findings of gahnite with very low Mg contents and Zn contents similar or higher than those measured here may indicate a source of granitic pegmatite-aplite.
Noninvasive radioisotopic assessment of pulmonary vascular protein leak. Experimental studies and potential clinical applications.

SUMMARY Noninvasive, double-radioisotope measurement of pulmonary vascular protein leak is a specific and sensitive method for assessing pulmonary vascular permeability. It is sensitive enough to detect increases in vascular protein leak that are too small to produce detectable increases in gravimetric lung water. A simple method for calculating protein leak index reliably reflects expected changes in pulmonary vascular permeability in a broad range of lung injury conditions. This method of measurement may have significant experimental and clinical applications in the study of lung-injury-induced edema, and especially in the evaluation oflevels of injury associated with increased permeability but not significant edema. In particular, this method may help to distinguish between increased-permeability edema, such as that which occurs in the adult respiratory distress syndrome, and other types of pulmonary edema in humans.
Categorical Perception of Species in Infancy

OF THESIS CATEGORICAL PERCEPTION OF SPECIES IN INFANCY Although there is a wealth of knowledge on categorization in infancy, there are still many unanswered questions about the nature of category representation in infancy. For example, it is yet unclear whether categories in infancy have well-defined boundaries or what knowledge about species categories young infants have before entering the lab. Using a morphing technique, we linearly altered the proportion of cat versus dog in images and observed how infants reacted to contrasts between pairs of images that either did or did not cross over the categorical boundary. This was done while equating between-category and within-category similarity. Results indicate that infants’ preexisting categories of cats and dogs are discrete and mutually exclusive. Experiment 2 found that inversion caused a disruption in processing by 6.5but not 3.5month-old infants, indicating a developmental change in category representation. These findings demonstrate a propensity to dichotomize early in life that could have implications for social categorizations, such as race and gender. Furthermore, this work extends previous knowledge of infant categorical perception by demonstrating a priori knowledge of familiar species categories and the boundaries between them.
Impact of consultation in a long term follow-up clinic on breast cancer and cardiovascular screening in Hodgkin lymphoma survivors.

e20607 Background: Women treated with chest radiation for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are at significantly increased risk of developing breast cancer and cardiovascular disease. HL survivors are recommen...
Scalable Hadoop-Based Pooled Time Series of Big Video Data from the Deep Web

We contribute a scalable, open source implementation of the Pooled Time Series (PoT) algorithm from CVPR 2015. The algorithm is evaluated on approximately 6800 human trafficking (HT) videos collected from the deep and dark web, and on an open dataset: the Human Motion Database (HMDB). We describe PoT and our motivation for using it on larger data and the issues we encountered. Our new solution reimagines PoT as an Apache Hadoop-based algorithm. We demonstrate that our new Hadoop-based algorithm successfully identifies similar videos in the HT and HMDB datasets and we evaluate the algorithm qualitatively and quantitatively.
Orange: Read&Go

In late 2008, Orange (aka France Telecom) must decide if launching ReadG 2) the company's new product development process; 3) e-paper technology, which simulates the appearance of printed paper on a screen; 4) consumer demand for e-paper services; 5) potential competitors, including Amazon's Kindle; 6) business model options for Orange's service; and 7) the reactions of French newspapers - crucial content partners - to Orange's proposal.
Treatment of glioma-bearing mice with VEGF Trap results in significant prolongation of survival

3029 Angiogenesis is critical for the development and maintenance of glioblastomas, the most malignant and common form of primary brain tumors. Several lines of evidence indicate that overexpression of VEGF and its receptors are responsible for angiogenesis in human malignant gliomas. We tested the antiglioma effect in vivo of a new VEGF blocker, VEGF Trap, which acts as a soluble decoy receptor for VEGF. This molecule incorporates domains of both VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 and binds VEGF with high affinity. First, we monitored the evolution of growth patterns and angiogenesis in the intracranial U-87 MG human glioma xenograft. Serial temporal examination of the brains showed that tumors grew to a volume of 0.3 mm3 and exhibited a very low microvascular density (MVD = 6 vessels /0.5mm2) with central necrosis within four days of implantation, and peripheral reactive vasculature. After day four, necrosis was not observed. At day 10 after implantation, tumors were sphere-like masses of cells (30-45 mm3) with development of robust tumor vasculature (MVD=30-35 vessels/0.5 mm2). According to the described tumoral angiogenesis, we administered VEGF Trap (25mg/kg/sc, twice a week for a total of 3 weeks) to animals bearing U-87 MG intracranial xenografts at different time points (0, 4, and 10 days after cell implantation). Of importance, VEGF Trap treatment of initial disease, as well as disease burden, was efficacious in producing a significant increase in survival, compared to hFc or PBS-treated animals (P
Pass-Through of Exchange Rates and Import Prices to Domestic Inflation in Some Industrialized Economies

В работе проверяется степень влияния валютного курса и цен импорта на колебания индекса цен потребителей и производителей (CPI и PPI) в некоторых развитых экономиках. Для оценки используется VAR-модель. Результат анализа показал, что в период после краха Бреттон-Вудской системы наблюдалось достаточно скромное влияние валютных курсов на уровень инфляции, в то время как цены импорта оказывали существенное воздействие на этот показатель. Кроме того, влияние курса на цены было сильнее в тех странах, в которых доля импорта больше. В период 1996-1998 гг. валютный курс и цены импорта играли важную роль в процессе дефляции во многих странах, чего, однако, нельзя сказать об экономике США.
Bevacizumab eligibility in patients with metastatic cervical cancer: A retrospective review.

e17021Background: Bevacizumab (BEV) is approved for use in combination with chemotherapy for metastatic/recurrent cervical cancer (CC) based on the GOG 240 trial, which showed increased survival an...