cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic and Taxonomic Problems of Some Tertiary Planktonic Foraminiferal Lineages

Some basic principles of taxonomy and classification are considered in relationship to planktonic foraminifers, along with various problems which face the specialist in his attempts to arrive at a suitable and "natural" classification of this group. The phylogenetic development of five major lineages of Tertiary planktonic foraminifers is discussed and the more important species illustrated. The definition of the genus Globorotalia includes keeled and non-keeled forms and its range is Danian to Recent. Globorotalia pseudobulloides (Plummer) is a highly polytypic species and the ancestral form of all later Tertiary members of the Globigerinacea with the exception of the Heterohelicidae, which had their own, separate evolutionary development. Globigerina daubjergensis Bronnimann (= Globoconusa daubjergensis Bronnimann) is classified in the Guembilitriinae; derivation from Guembelitria near the top of the Maestrichtian is suggested. Four lineages within the genus Globorotalia include: 1) leading towards low-conical, keeled and non-keeled forms (G. spiralispusilla- convexa-broedermanni), extinct within the middle Eocene; 2) leading towards compressed, keeled and non-keeled forms (G. compress a- pseudomenardii- chapmaniplanoconica- pseudoscitula), extinct at the top of the middle Eocene; 3) leading to low to high conical forms ("conical globorotaliids") , extinct at the top of the middle Eocene; and, 4) leading to the Neogene and Recent globorotaliids. The acarininids, lineage 5, are characterized by species which are distinguished from Subbotina and Globorotalia by strongly spinose wall texture. Two, and possibly three, branches within this lineage lead independently, through parallel trends, to the development of the polytypic, but monophyletic, genus Truncorotaloides. In terms of normal criteria of divergence (gaps) and monophyly, the acarininids are recognized as a genus, emended to include primarily spinose forms. The genus Truncorotaloides is also accepted, although it seems unlikely that this genus warrants a separate subfamily. On the other hand, there is insufficient reason for the erection of new genera or subgenera for the various branches of globorotaliids in the Paleogene and Neogene. A conservative, relatively unspecialized stock, or "mainstream," leading through Globorotalia wilsoni (Cole) and G. opima nana Bolli in the Eocene survived the planktonic diminution at the close of the Eocene and was the source of further progression and splitting of various branches leading to the wide divergence of forms in the Neogene and, ultimately, to the globorotaliid faunas in the present day seas.
Punishment, Political Economy, and the Genealogy of Morals

In this essay, I explore the place of a genealogy of morals within the context of a history of political economy. More specifically, I investigate the types of moralization—of criminals and delinquents, of the disorderly, but also of political economic systems, of workers and managers, of rules and rule-breaking—that are necessary and integral to making a population accept new styles of political and economic governance, especially the punitive institutions that accompany modern political economies in the contemporary period. The marriage of political economy and a genealogy of morals: This essay explores how the moralization of certain groups of people has been necessary to render tolerable the great American paradox of laissez-faire and mass incarceration. How, in effect, practices of moralization are necessary to make tolerable the intolerable.
War, Peace, and Everything: Thoughts on Tolstoy

What Clausewitz and Tolstoy were trying to do was to derive from the experiences of history the laws governing it. Although they failed, these 19th-century thinkers, each operating from a different perspective, anticipated what we’ve come to call chaos and complexity theory.
Culture’s Child: A Social Constructionist Model

The predominant social model of sexual attraction today is a collection of theories called social constructionism. To fully describe the model’s various and complex tenets and implications, I begin by examining a radical version of the theory in the first section of this chapter. In the later part of this chapter and again in Chapter 5, I describe a less ideological, middle ground social constructionism (Vance, 1991).
Principals and Superintendents: Perceptions of Involvement in the Budgeting Process.

Expectations of principal participation in the budgeting process at the site level vary among principals and between principals and superintendents. If site-based budgeting is to be effective, dist...
Complex Behavior of Ordered and Icelike Water in Carbon Nanotubes near Its Bulk Boiling Point.

We report the results of extensive molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of water in a carbon nanotube (CNT) with a specific diameter over a wide range of temperatures from 343 to 423 K. In order to characterize the nature of water, we have computed the Kirkwood g-factor, the ten Wolde parameter, the radial distribution, the cage correlation, the intermediate scattering functions, the mean-square displacements of the water molecules, and the connectivity of the oxygen atoms. The computed properties provide evidence for complex behavior. Some of the properties indicate an icelike structure, while others point to ordered (but not necessarily frozen) water. The connectivity is close to 9. The ordered water exists both below and above its bulk boiling point. The order is identified based on the ten Wolde parameter and may explain, along with the dynamic slow down, the recent discovery of “ice” in CNTs near the bulk boiling point in a certain range of CNT diameters, not seen in tubes of other sizes.
Identifying Opportunities to Improve Intimate Partner Violence Screening in a Primary Care System.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a silent epidemic affecting one in three women. The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends routine IPV screening for women of childbearing age, but actual rates of screening in primary care settings are low. Our objectives were to determine how often IPV screening was being done in our system and whether screening initiated by medical assistants or physicians resulted in more screens. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review to investigate IPV screening practices in five primary care clinics within a university-based network in Northern California. We reviewed 100 charts from each clinic for a total of 500 charts. Each chart was reviewed to determine if an IPV screen was documented, and if so, whether it was done by the medical assistant or the physician. RESULTS The overall frequency of IPV screening was 22% (111/500). We found a wide variation in screening practices among the clinics. Screening initiated by medical assistants resulted in significantly more documented screens than screening delivered by physicians (74% vs 9%, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS IPV screening is an important, but underdelivered service. Using medical assistants to deliver IPV screening may be more effective than relying on physicians alone.
Secondary Causes of Adipose Tissue Weight Gain

The prevalence of excess fat mass is currently at unprecedented levels, with approximately two-thirds of adults in the United States having overweight or obesity. The population health impact of excess adiposity is significant, as it is related to increased risk of diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cancer. Weight gain is inevitably caused by consuming excess calories relative to energy expended, but the etiology of obesity is highly complex and includes genetic, physiological, environmental, and psychosocial factors that contribute independently and jointly to weight gain. Although only a small number of single genetic abnormalities have been discovered that are related to obesity, research on the epigenetics of obesity is investigating the influence of behavioral, environmental, metabolic, and endocrine factors on genetic expression. There is growing interest on the correlation between physiological and behavioral stress and the role they play in developing overweight or obesity. For instance, high stress levels have been linked to weight gain and appear to inhibit successful weight loss. The interactions between the brain and endocrine hormones may play a role in activating this stress response toward reward seeking and appetite regulation. In addition, weight gain is associated with several commonly used medications including diabetes oral agents and insulin, antidepressants, psychotropic drugs, steroid hormones, and contraceptives. Knowledge of the complex contributors to weight gain varies among patients and health-care professionals, and lack of this awareness will result in both continued population-based obesity and unsuccessful long-term weight loss.
World Views and the Concept of “Traditional”

Whether individuals hold static or dynamic worldviews underlies a number of contemporary controversies, including evolution/creationist debates, the reality of climate change, and application of treaty rights by Indigenous cultures. In this last case the debate is often framed in terms of whether or not Indigenous cultures are still using traditional methods when engaged in hunting, fishing, or harvesting. My purpose is to evaluate these issues by arguing that traditional means quite different things in different cultural traditions. In Western cultures, whose roots lie in static worldviews, e.g., those put forth by Aristotle and Descartes, traditional tends to mean unchanged or perhaps timeless. In Indigenous cultures, which typically have dynamic worldviews, traditional (a Western concept), implies that technologies employed, knowledge bases, and even ceremonial practices can change when conditions require. Western thinking assumes that use of the word traditional implies that such concepts or knowledge are of the past and thus unchangeable and irrelevant to the contemporary world. Non-Indigenous investigators have contended that traditional and change are contradictory concepts and that “[ traditional ] carries the unacknowledged connotation that the item in question is in decline, thus in need of being preserved .” In Indigenous thinking, the term traditional implies primarily that such knowledge and its related concepts have been in existence for a lengthy time, precisely because their ability to incorporate new observations and information has kept them fresh and relevant. I discuss these alternative concepts in the contexts of treaty and land rights and contemporary conservation concepts of biodiversity.
Out of the Stands and onto the Court: A Signature Pedagogy for the Recreation Field

AbstractA signature pedagogy for the recreation field is proposed through a review of the field’s scholarship on teaching and learning. A signature pedagogy is identified as the, “defining characteristics that, when explicated, reveal the deepest beliefs and practices of professional apprenticeship.” (Gurung, Chick, Haynie, 2009, p. xv). A review of literature in Schole reveals an active, situated signature pedagogy. The authors refer to this as a pedagogy “out of the stands and onto the court.” This pedagogy situates learning in real-world contexts through four modes: (a) community collaboration, (b) professional engagement, (c) learning situated in real-world experiences, and (d) service learning. Defining a signature pedagogy for recreation allows the field to gain more transparency about the assumptions behind its teaching practices and opens such assumptions to critique and growth.
Application of Frequent, Spaced Multiple-choice Questions as an Educational Tool in the Pediatric Emergency Department.

Objectives The objective was to assess the feasibility of using spaced multiple-choice questions (MCQs) to teach residents during their pediatric emergency department (PED) rotation and determine whether this teaching improves knowledge retention about pediatric rashes. Methods Residents rotating in the PED from four sites were randomized to four groups: pretest and intervention, pretest and no intervention, no pretest and intervention, and no pretest and no intervention. Residents in intervention groups were automatically e-mailed quizlets with two MCQs every other day over 4 weeks (20 questions total) via an automated e-mail service with answers e-mailed 2 days later. Retention of knowledge was assessed 70 days after enrollment with a posttest of 20 unique, content-matched questions. Results Between August 2015 and November 2016, a total 234 residents were enrolled. The completion rate of individual quizlets ranged from 93% on the first and 76% on the 10th quizlet. Sixty-six residents (55%) completed all 10 quizlets. One-hundred seventy-three residents (74%) completed the posttest. There was no difference in posttest scores between residents who received a pretest (61.0% ± 14.5%) and those who did not (64.6% ± 14.0%; mean difference = -3.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -8.0 to 0. 6) nor between residents who received the intervention (64.5% ± 13.3%) and those who did not receive the intervention (61.2% ± 15.2%; mean difference = 3.2, 95% CI = -1.1 to 7.5). For those who received a pretest, scores improved from the pretest to the posttest (46.4% vs. 60.1%, respectively; 95% CI = 9.7 to 19.5). Conclusion Providing spaced MCQs every other day to residents rotating through the PED is a feasible teaching tool with a high participation rate. There was no difference in posttest scores regardless of pretest or intervention. Repeated exposure to the same MCQs and an increase in the number of questions sent to residents may increase the impact of this educational strategy.
Digest: Biotic interactions shape local adaptation in teosinte populations

Little is known about how microbial communities shape the expression of plant phenotypes and phenotypic correlations. This is precisely the question that O'Brien et al. addressed using populations of highland teosinte, a wild relative of maize. The authors find that both abiotic conditions and different rhizosphere compositions have a strong effect on teosinte phenotypes and correlations among traits. These results indicate that microbial communities might have a strong effect on plant trait expression.
Design of an Experimental Test Bench for a UAV Type Convertiplane

This paper deals with the design of a test bench for an unnamed aerial vehicle UAV type convertiplane with controlled electric drives and tilt rotors (propellers) executed on a quadcopter pattern. This experimental test bench provides an intermediate step between simulation process and real time flight of the UAV, it allows to test its and evaluate solutions in safe and controllable environment conditions. Thus, the development of methods of state estimation and control UAV becomes possible, in addition the developed system can be used for teaching about the basis of automatic control in multirotor aerial vehicles. The test bench presented in this paper contains a convertiplane type quadcopter attached on the base through a universal joint which let the UAV be able to rotate around plane axes x and y, while the vertical axis z is fixed, in turn this part of the system is fixed through a bar connected with a linear guideway block that moves over a linear guide which depends of the generated lifting force by the UAV. To determinate the travelled road of the system and the different parameters of the behavior of the convertiplane it has been also implemented a measuring system.
Large-scale Extended Granger Causality (lsXGC) for classification of Autism Spectrum Disorder from resting-state functional MRI

It has been shown in the literature that Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with changes in brain network connectivity. Therefore, we investigate, if it is possible to capture any significant difference between brain connections of healthy subjects and ASD patients using resting-state fMRI time-series. To this end, we have developed large-scale Extended Granger Causality (lsXGC), which combines dimension reduction with source time-series augmentation and uses predictive time-series modeling for estimating directed causal relationships among resting-state fMRI time-series. This method is a multivariate approach, since it is capable of identifying the influence of each time-series on any other time-series in the presence of all other time-series of the underlying dynamic system. Here, we investigate whether this model can serve as a biomarker for classifying ASD patients from typical controls using a subset of 59 subjects of the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange II (ABIDE II) data repository. In this study, we use brain connections as features for classification and estimate them by lsXGC. As a reference method, we compare our results with cross-correlation, which is typically used in the literature as a standard measure of functional connectivity. After feature extraction, we perform feature selection by Kendall’s Tau rank correlation coefficient followed by classification using a Support Vector Machine (SVM). In order to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of lsXGC, we compare its classification performance with cross-correlation. Within a cross-validation scheme of 100 different training/test data splits, we obtain a mean accuracy range of [0.7,0.81] and a mean Area Under the Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve (AUC) range of [0.78,0.85] across all tested numbers of features for lsXGC, which is significantly better than results obtained with cross-correlation namely mean accuracy of [0.57,0.61] and mean AUC of [0.54,0.59], which clearly demonstrates the applicability of lsXGC as a potential biomarker for ASD.
Chlamydomonas PKD2 organizes mastigonemes, hair-like glycoprotein polymers on cilia

Mutations in the channel protein PKD2 cause autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, but the function of PKD2 in cilia remains unclear. Here, we show that PKD2 targets and anchors mastigonemes, filamentous polymers of the glycoprotein MST1, to the extracellular surface of Chlamydomonas cilia. PKD2-mastigoneme complexes physically connect to the axonemal doublets 4 and 8, positioning them perpendicular to the plane of ciliary beating. pkd2 mutant cilia lack mastigonemes, and mutant cells swim with reduced velocity, indicating a motility-related function of the PKD2-mastigoneme complex. Association with both the axoneme and extracellular structures supports a mechanosensory role of Chlamydomonas PKD2. We propose that PKD2-mastigoneme arrays, on opposing sides of the cilium, could perceive forces during ciliary beating and transfer these signals to locally regulate the response of the axoneme.
Chapter 19 – Organization and Financing of Health Care

Medicare and Medicaid represent crucial sources of support for seniors - both in terms of access to healthcare and financial well-being. While the debate over health care reforms for those under the age of 65 has been a major source of discord and confusion, the Medicare program has retained its strong support from both beneficiaries and the public at large. Medicaid also enjoys support for its long term care services. Yet these programs are likely to face potential changes as faith in government and willingness to support the revenues necessary to sustain Medicare and Medicaid once again receive scrutiny. The aging of the Baby Boom population will continue to keep financing concerns near the forefront of debates over the federal budget even though some slowdown in growth has been achieved in recent years. Regardless of their popularity, Medicare and Medicaid will be a key focus of negotiations over how to finance the federal government and emphasis on privatizing Medicare will likely be on the political agenda as a potential solution.
The meanings and ways of parental involvement among low-income Filipinos

Abstract Parental involvement in children's education is an integral component of young children's academic achievement. Although there is clear evidence regarding the benefits of parental involvement, little is known regarding its impacts, manifestations, and conceptualizations in non-Western societies. Given that parenting and child rearing are imbued with cultural meaning in many profound ways ( Super & Harkness, 1986 ), this study employed a phenomenological approach and used pakikipagkwentuhan, a data collection procedure drawn from indigenous Filipino Psychology to closely examine how low-income Filipino parents conceptualize parental involvement and its role in their children's education. Thirty-one parents/caregivers were engaged in conversation and qualitative data analysis showed that Filipino parents believe that helping their children with schoolwork, motivating them, and providing structure at home help their children succeed in school, consistent with the extant literature. However, responses regarding academic socialization, communicating with teachers, and volunteering in school reflect cultural beliefs and practices in the Philippines related to traditional parenting and extreme poverty. Results from this study expand our current understanding of parental involvement and highlight the role of the ecocultural context on parenting. Findings have implications for how parents and educators can support the academic success of children in culturally grounded ways. This study can also help inform educators and school programmers on how to help low-income parents support their children's education.
Clinical Reasoning: A patient with a history of weight loss presenting with seizures

A 55-year-old right-handed man presented to the hospital following an episode at home described as unresponsiveness and generalized convulsions. Upon arrival to the emergency department, the patient had 4 clinically similar events noted as unresponsive with generalized convulsions without return to baseline between events. The patient did not have a history of seizures, CNS infection, head trauma, or febrile seizures as a child, or family history of seizures. The patient had an unremarkable state of health until approximately 1 year prior to current presentation. At that time, he reported abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss of 50 pounds over 1 year. Following work-up, he was diagnosed with Crohn disease and treated with infliximab. He also reported progressive hearing loss in the left ear 8 months prior to the current presentation. The patient was transferred 7 days after reported seizure at home. His examination upon transfer was notable for temperature of 37.8°C, blood pressure of 138/80 mm Hg, pulse of 146, respiratory rate of 29, and oxygen saturation of 100% on room air. He was 5′8″ and weight was 96 pounds 3.2 ounces.
Synthesis and Characterization of Boron-Doped Single Crystal Diamond

The boron-doped single crystal diamond films were grown homoepitaxially on synthetic (100) oriented Type Ib diamond substrates using a Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (MPCVD) technique. Raman spectrum showed a few additional bands at the lower wavenumber regions along with the zone center optical phonon mode for diamond. The change in the peak profile of the zone center optical phonon mode and its downshift were observed with the increasing boron content in the film. A modification in surface morphology of the film with increasing boron content had been observed by atomic force microscopy. Four point probe electrical measurement indicated that different conduction mechanisms are operating in various temperature regions for these semiconducting films.
A prospective pilot study of anxiety sensitivity and adolescent sports-related concussion

OBJECTIVE This study examined the relationship of that anxiety sensitivity (AS) with the initial and ongoing symptoms reported by adolescents after sustaining a sports-related concussion (SRC). METHOD Participants were 40 adolescents, ages 13-18, presenting for treatment at a children's sports medicine specialty clinic following a diagnosis of either an SRC or a musculoskeletal injury. After the initial clinic intake, participants completed an online survey at three-time points. Survey measures included the self-report graded symptom checklist and the AS Index-3. Researchers used growth curve analysis to examine the relationship between AS Index-3 scores with initial and ongoing symptom reporting over time. The 20 participants sustaining an SRC were matched by age, gender, and race with 20 musculoskeletal injury controls. RESULTS Concussed adolescents with higher AS scores reported more initial symptoms than did those reporting musculoskeletal injury. AS was not related to the rate of symptom reduction over time for either group. CONCLUSION Higher AS moderated the relationship between injury type (concussion vs. musculoskeletal injury) and the total number of initial symptoms reported by adolescent participants, with every unit increase in AS yielding a four-unit increase in initial symptoms reporting. Previous research has shown that elevated initial symptom scores are a strong predictor of protracted recovery in concussion. AS is amenable to brief treatment interventions. It is a potential early target for treatment intervention following diagnosis of adolescent SRC.
Cutaneous Toxicities in Lung Cancer Patients on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.

Abstract Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) have transformed the treatment of lung cancer in the recent years. However, disruption in immune homeostasis produces a unique spectrum of side effects termed as immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Cutaneous irAE are the most prevalent toxicity from the ICPIs. While there have been descriptions of the cutaneous irAEs from ICPIs in melanoma patients, observations are limited in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This is the largest single-institution cohort of NSCLC patients with cutaneous irAEs. Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review of our institution's electronic medical records from January 2017 to December 2018 with at least 1 year of follow up to characterize cutaneous adverse events induced by single agent anti PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in treatment of NSCLC. Results In total, 64 patients (40 men and 24 female) were identified with cutaneous irAE. The median time-to-onset was 3 months. Eczematous, morbilliform, and acneiform rashes were most prevalent. There were 28 patients who had previous dermatologic conditions and only 4 of them had related cutaneous manifestations. Most patients’ (70%) rashes improved or resolved after treatment with oral antihistamines and topical steroids. Eight (13%) of them had a dose impact to their cancer treatment due to their rash, with 4 (6%) patients discontinuing their ICPIs. Conclusions Cutaneous adverse events appears to be one of the most prevalent irAEs with ICPIs and has been reported with all anti PD-1/PD-L1 therapies. While in most cases these dermatologic adverse events remain self-limiting, they may cause treatment interruption and impact life quality. Recognition and early intervention may improve patient symptoms and therapy compliance.
Decoding gene therapy: Current impact and future considerations for health-system and specialty pharmacy practice

PURPOSE To provide health systems with baseline knowledge on existing and pipeline gene therapy treatments, including considerations that health-system pharmacies and specialty pharmacy programs may reference when evaluating and implementing services around gene therapies. SUMMARY Advancements in research and biotechnology have recently led to the development and launch of the first commercially available gene therapy treatments in the United States. These treatments have the ability to significantly alter and even effectively cure diseases. Alongside these significant advances and clinical benefits, these therapies present unique challenges due to their cost and complexity. Given the large number of additional gene therapy treatments that are currently in late-stage clinical development, stakeholders across the healthcare industry must increasingly adapt and ready themselves to meet these challenges. The diagnosis and treatment of patients with diseases being targeted by gene therapies largely occurs within health systems, and judging by the gene therapy pipeline, this trend is likely to continue. To prepare for these novel treatments, health systems must understand and consider the methods in which gene therapies are developed, procured, reimbursed, administered, and monitored. CONCLUSION The future of health-system pharmacy practice must include comprehensive gene therapy services and stakeholder engagement strategies to ensure patients have access to these life-changing treatments.
A Survey of Sigma Metrics across Three Academic Medical Centers.

BACKGROUND Sigma metric calculations provide laboratories an objective means to assess analytical method performance. Methods with higher sigma values are desirable because they are more reliable and may use less frequent quality control in order to maintain optimal performance. Sigma metrics can also serve as a tool when comparing method performance across assay and manufacturer platforms. METHODS Sigma values were calculated for 28 common chemistry and 24 immunoassay assays across 3 academic medical centers. Method imprecision and percent bias relative to peer group means was tabulated from Bio-Rad quality control (QC) data. Sigma values were calculated for each method using allowable total error (TEa) from either the CLIA evaluation limits or desirable biological variation. Average sigma values were generated for each site and graded as optimal: >6 sigma; good: 5-6 sigma; marginal: 3-5 sigma; or poor: <3 sigma. Analysis of NIST SRM1950 standards for a subset of analytes allowed an estimation of absolute bias. RESULTS Clinical chemistry assays displayed similar method performance across all 3 study sites. Immunoassays showed significant differences between manufacturers, and a majority of assays failed to meet an optimal level of performance. Different TEa values produced different sigma metrics with more stringent TEa limits based on biological variation, resulting in poorer performance estimates than the wider CLIA limits. Analysis of NIST standards revealed similar performance. CONCLUSIONS Sigma metrics are comparable for chemistry but not immunoassay platforms. The selection of total allowable error goals led to differences in sigma metrics.
Mission to Mars Amidst a Pandemic

For years, the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) in New Mexico has led an outreach effort called Mission to Mars to engage fifth grade students in applying science and mathematics concepts related to building a colony on Mars. Many organizations across the US canceled similar events due to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This design case details the original program and the pivot made to continue the program. We share successes—including reaching more rural learners—insights, and challenges, and how these have shaped a more inclusive vision for future programs.
Self-Construal and Green Behaviors: A Study of Young American and Japanese Consumers: An Abstract

This research is to examine the impact of self-construal patterns on young individuals’ green consumption behaviors in a cross-cultural context. A survey shows that millennials are more willingly to pay more for green products which are committed to positive social and environmental impact (Nielsen 2015). To date, very little research has focused on the influence of self-construal patterns on young individuals’ green behaviors between Western and Eastern consumers. This study develops a framework to show how differences in self-construal patterns could affect the impact of attitude, social influence, green brand equity and self-consciousness on consumers’ green consumption behaviors. Specifically, which factors are more salient in influencing consumers’ intentions to purchase green products in a cross-cultural context is examined. This study seeks to address the following research questions in regard to the differential role of self-construal plays in the green consumption process in a cross-cultural setting. RQ1. How do self-construal patterns moderate attitude toward green advertising, self-expression, brand association and social influence? RQ2. How do attitude toward green advertising, self-expression, brand association and social influence affect young American and Japanese consumers’ intentions to buy green products? RQ3. Are there any differences in the relationships among the constructs between the two cultures?
Semantic Mapping: A Semantics-based Approach to Virtual Content Placement for Immersive Environments

Semantic Mapping is a semantics-based interactive system that enables intuitive virtual content placement for projection mapping in intelligent environments. Our semantic mapping system embeds semantic information of the environment to provide a user with an easy way to control and place projected virtual items in the physical world. In contrast to traditional projection mapping that involves manual adjustments, this semantic mapping system enables efficient manipulation of virtual content through inputs from users via speech or text. To build the system, we first use a commercial depth camera for scene reconstruction and an end-to-end deep learning framework for semantic segmentation at the instance level. We illustrate the system by developing a prototype for a set of proof-of-concept, room-scale applications. The accuracy study and user study results show that the system can provide users with accurate semantic information for effective virtual content placement.
Poética de la culpa y la confesión en El libro vacío, de Josefina Vicens

El libro vacio (1958), de Josefina Vicens (1911-1988), posee atributos que la determinan como una obra confesional. Este articulo analiza las enunciaciones del protagonista de la novela Jose Garcia al experimentar una culpa profunda y apelar a un perdon ambiguo por intentar escribir un libro perfecto. La culpa y la confesion, predominantes en el texto, son examinados a partir de la figura retorica captatio benevolentiae ; el estado larvario y el desnudamiento del narrador ( La Confesion. Genero literario , de Maria Zambrano); el caracter impositivo e insondable del silencio ( La escritura del desastre , de Maurice Blanchot); la cima del ser y lo inconcluso como meta ( Cuadernos , de Paul Valery); la novela fantasma ( La preparacion de la novela , de Roland Barthes), y la belleza dependiente o condicionada , asi como la belleza libre o autosuficiente ( Critica del juicio , de Immauel Kant).
One year antibody responses of four inactivated infectious bovine rhinotracheitis-bovine viral diarrhea vaccines

Four groups of heifers were each vaccinated twice with one of 4 commercially available inactivated vaccines containing IBRV and BVDV antigens: Vira Shield-4, Triangle 3; Premier IB and IBPL; Horizon II. Sera from all animals were antibody negative at first vaccination. Only Vira Shield-4 was effective in eliciting high serum neutralizing titres of cytopathic BVDV and IBRV antibodies that persisted over a 1-year period, and was the only vaccine to elicit more than a minimal level of antibody to noncytopathic BVDV.
Afro-Brazilians: Cultural Production in a Racial Democracy

Brazil, the most racially diverse Latin American country, is also the most contradictory: for centuries it has maintained fantasy as reality through the myth of racial democracy. Enshrined in that mythology is the masking of exclusionism that strategically displaces and marginalizes Afro-Brazilians from political power. In this absorbing new study, Niyi Afolabi exposes the tensions between the official position on racial harmony and the reality of marginalization experienced by Afro-Brazilians by exploring Afro-Brazilian cultural production as a considered response to this exclusion. The author examines major contributions in music, history, literature, film, and popular culture in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries to reveal how each performance by an Afro-Brazilian artist addresses issues of identity and racism through a variety of veils that entertain, ridicule, invoke, provoke, protest, and demand change at the same time. Raising cogent questions such as the vital role of Afro-Brazilians in the making of Brazilian national identity; the representation of Brazilian women as hapless, exploited, and abandoned; the erosion of the influence of black movements due to fragmentation and internal disharmony; and the portrayal of Afro-Brazilians on the national screen as domestics, Afolabi provides insightful, nuanced analyses that tease out the complexities of the dilemma in their appropriate historical, political, and social contexts. Niyi Afolabi teaches Luso-Brazilian, Yoruba, and African Diaspora studies in the Department of Spanish and Portuguese as well as the John L. Warfield Center for African and African American Studies at the University of Texas at Austin.
Finding Longest Paths in Hypercubes: 11 New Lower Bounds for Snakes, Coils, and Symmetrical Coils

Since the problem's formulation by Kautz in 1958 as an error detection tool, diverse applications for long snakes and coils have been found. These include coding theory, electrical engineering, and genetics. Over the years, the problem has been explored by many researchers in different fields using varied approaches, and has taken on additional meaning. The problem has become a benchmark for evaluating search techniques in combinatorially expansive search spaces NP-complete Optimizations. We build on our previous work and present improved heuristics for Stochastic Beam Search sub-solution selection in searching for longest induced paths: open snakes, closed coils, and symmetric closed symmetric coils; in n-dimensional hypercube graphs. Stochastic Beam Search, a non-deterministic variant of Beam Search, provides the overall structure for our search. We present eleven new lower bounds for the Snake-in-the-Box problem for snakes in dimensions 11, 12, and 13; coils in dimensions 10, 11, and 12; and symmetric coils in dimensions 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13. The best known solutions of the unsolved dimensions of this problem have improved over the years and we are proud to make a contribution to this problem as well as the continued progress in combinatorial search techniques.
Applications of laser scanning to structures in laboratory tests and field surveys

SUMMARY The capabilities and advantages of laser scanners used for structural engineering applications to assess structural damage in laboratory tests and post-earthquake field survey are discussed. High definition laser scans have many advantages over conventional instrumentation in laboratory setting: (i) capture three dimensional global deformations of large objects with accuracy; (ii) enable graphical post-processing based on a location of the acquired points in space and utilizing the light intensity red–green–blue (RGB) values of scanned images; (iii) access to objects without spatial constraint and remote monitoring by scanning from a distance; and (iv) reduce workload for installing instruments. Therefore, high definition laser scans have been successfully used in laboratory tests, and several case studies are presented to demonstrate the accuracy of laser scanner measurements. In addition, this paper makes the first attempt to demonstrate the use of high-definition laser scanning technology in field surveys of structures damaged during January 2010 Haiti earthquake. Damage assessments were performed for several structures using the scans, and the results were compared with qualitative results of visual ground survey. The techniques of gathering and disseminating critical information employed herein is expected to have major impact on future structural laboratory tests and field investigations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hidden Superlattice in Tl2(SC6H4S) and Tl2(SeC6H4Se) Solved from Powder X-ray Diffraction

The crystal structures of the isostructural title compounds poly[(μ-benzene-1,4-dithiolato)dithallium], Tl2(SC6H4S), and poly[(μ-benzene-1,4-diselenolato)dithallium], Tl2(SeC6H4Se), were solved by simulated annealing from high-resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. Rietveld refinements of an initial structure with one formula unit per triclinic cell gave satisfactory agreement with the data, but led to a structure with impossibly close non-bonded contacts. A disordered model was proposed to alleviate this problem, but an alternative supercell structure leads to slightly improved agreement with the data. The isostructural superlattice structures were confirmed for both compounds through additional data collection, with substantially better counting statistics, which revealed the presence of very weak superlattice peaks not previously seen. Overall, each structure contains Tl—S or Tl—Se two-dimensional networks, connected by phenylene bridges. The sulfur (or selenium) coordination sphere around each thallium is a highly distorted square pyramid or a `see-saw' shape, depending upon how many Tl—S or Tl—Se interactions are considered to be bonds. In addition, the two compounds contain pairs of TlI ions that interact through a closed-shell `thallophilic' interaction: in the sulfur compound there are two inequivalent pairs of Tl atoms with Tl—Tl distances of 3.49 and 3.58 A, while in the selenium compound those Tl—Tl interactions are at 3.54 and 3.63 A.
A Realistic Study on Multithreaded Superscalar Processor Design

Simultaneous multithreading is a recently proposed technique in which instructions from multiple threads are dispatched and/or issued concurrently in every clock cycle. This technique has been claimed to improve the latency of multithreaded programs and the throughput of multiprogrammed workloads with a minimal increase in hardware complexity. This paper presents a realistic study on the case for simultaneous multithreading by using extensive simulations to determine balanced configurations of a multithreaded version of the PowerPC 620, measuring their performance on multithreaded benchmarks written using the commercial P Threads API, and estimating their hardware complexity in terms of increases in die area. Our results show that a balanced 2- threaded 620 achieves a 41.6% to 71.3% speedup over the original 620 on five multithreaded benchmarks with an estimated 36.4% increase in die area and no impact on single thread performance. The balanced 4-threaded 620 achieves a 46.9% to 111.6% speedup over the original 620 with an estimated 70.4% increase in die area and a detrimental impact on single thread performance.
FATAL MYOCARDITIS IN AN ADOLESCENT CAUSED BY COXSACKIE VIRUS, GROUP B, TYPE FOUR.

A fatal case of myocarditis apparently due to Coxsackie virus, group B, type 4, occurring in a 13-year-old girl has been presented. This is the first reported fatal case beyond 2 years of age. Isolation of the virus from the pericardial fluid and the presence of a high homologous serum neutralizing antibody titer strongly suggested the diagnosis. Although generally considered to be a benign entity in older children and adults, myocarditis due to Coxsackie virus may be fatal.
Physics of Dense Fluids

We review recent advances in the theory of dense fluids and of the application of these methods to the study of shock compressed liquids.
Quantum Mechanics Concept Assessment: Development and Validation Study.

As part of an ongoing investigation of students’ learning in first semester upper-division quantum mechanics, we needed a high-quality conceptual assessment instrument for comparing outcomes of different curricular approaches. The process of developing such a tool started with converting a preliminary version of a 14-item open-ended quantum mechanics assessment tool (QMAT) to a multiple-choice (MC) format. Further question refinement, development of effective distractors, adding new questions, and robust statistical analysis has led to a 31-item quantum mechanics concept assessment (QMCA) test. The QMCA is used as post-test only to assess students’ knowledge about five main topics of quantum measurement: the time-independent Schrodinger equation, wave functions and boundary conditions, time evolution, and probability density. During two years of testing and refinement, the QMCA has been given in alpha (N ¼ 61) and beta versions (N ¼ 263) to students in upper division quantum mechanics courses at 11 different institutions with an average post-test score of 54%. By allowing for comparisons of student learning across different populations and institutions, the QMCA provides instructors and researchers a more standard measure of effectiveness of different curricula or teaching strategies on student conceptual understanding of quantum mechanics. In this paper, we discuss the construction of effective distractors and the use of student interviews and expert feedback to revise and validate both questions and distractors. We include the results of common statistical tests of reliability and validity, which suggest the instrument is presently in a stable, usable, and promising form.
Issues in clinical monitoring

Abstract Current vital sign (ICU) monitoring practice is: nurse observes and records the value of oxygen saturation, heart rate, … once an hour; build-in monitor alarms used as indicators between observations. Some physicians make minimum use of monitor data, due to the knowledge that different monitors yield unique results or/and a lack of confidence in the meaning of the values. Physicians use global limits, which are difficult to establish using current sampling procedures. This paper investigates two monitors, their similarities, differences, and the importance of these differences on making clinical decisions.
CNV Workshop: an integrated platform for high-throughput copy number variation discovery and clinical diagnostics.

Background Recent studies have shown that copy number variations (CNVs) are frequent in higher eukaryotes and associated with a substantial portion of inherited and acquired risk for various human diseases. The increasing availability of high-resolution genome surveillance platforms provides opportunity for rapidly assessing research and clinical samples for CNV content, as well as for determining the potential pathogenicity of identified variants. However, few informatics tools for accurate and efficient CNV detection and assessment currently exist.
Microbial water quality improvement by small scale on-site subsurface wetland treatment

It has been demonstrated that large constructed wetlands used for domestic wastewater treatment are useful in the reduction of enteric microorganisms. This study evaluated the ability of three small-scale, on-site subsurface wetlands with different vegetation densities to remove total coliforms, fecal coliforms, coliphage, Giardia and Cryptosporidium. These wetlands were found to be equally efficient in the removal of enteric bacteria and coliphage as larger constructed wetlands. Giardia and Cryptosporidium were usually undetectable after passage of the wastewater through the subsurface wetlands. Coliphage removal increased with increasing vegetation density.
Biological monitoring of fish assemblages in Tennessee Valley reservoirs

Reservoirs comprise a major category of surface water resources, and the impounded area grows annually. Dam construction created 700 new reservoirs per year in the early 1980s (Petts, 1984). Presently there are more than 80,000 dams in the United States (Council on Environmental Quality, 1987). Total reservoir area in the U.S. exceeded the land area of Rhode Island by 1976 and included 1,500 reservoirs with areas greater than 200 ha (Jenkins, 1976). Most reservoirs are in the southeastern, central and western United States, regions largely devoid of natural lakes. Southeastern reservoirs are used to control flooding, generate electricity and provide navigable waterways, while central and western reservoirs also deliver water for irrigation and municipal use. This paper includes a description of the unique ecological features of reservoirs and of the authors’ evolving approach to ecological monitoring of the reservoirs in the Tennessee River watershed.