cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Generation of Recombinant Polioviruses Harboring RNA Affinity Tags in the 5′ and 3′ Noncoding Regions of Genomic RNAs

Despite being intensely studied for more than 50 years, a complete understanding of the enterovirus replication cycle remains elusive. Specifically, only a handful of cellular proteins have been shown to be involved in the RNA replication cycle of these viruses. In an effort to isolate and identify additional cellular proteins that function in enteroviral RNA replication, we have generated multiple recombinant polioviruses containing RNA affinity tags within the 3' or 5' noncoding region of the genome. These recombinant viruses retained RNA affinity sequences within the genome while remaining viable and infectious over multiple passages in cell culture. Further characterization of these viruses demonstrated that viral protein production and growth kinetics were unchanged or only slightly altered relative to wild type poliovirus. However, attempts to isolate these genetically-tagged viral genomes from infected cells have been hindered by high levels of co-purification of nonspecific proteins and the limited matrix-binding efficiency of RNA affinity sequences. Regardless, these recombinant viruses represent a step toward more thorough characterization of enterovirus ribonucleoprotein complexes involved in RNA replication.
The Review of Russian Economic Legislation in January 2016

Late in December 2015 and January 2016, the following main amendments were introduced into the legislation: requirements to the procedure for and conditions of carrying out voluntary medical insurance (hereinafter, VMI) of foreign nationals who arrived in the Russian Federation to work on the basis of a work permit or a patent were introduced; a form of a standard contract for customers who are subordinate to the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation was approved; the procedure for provision of an application on state cadastral accounting of real property, titles to real property and documents enclosed thereto was determined.
Neuronal Injury, Gliosis, and Glial Proliferation in Two Models of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

It is estimated that 30%-40% of epilepsy patients are refractory to therapy and animal models are useful for the identification of more efficacious therapeutic agents. Various well-characterized syndrome-specific models are needed to assess their relevance to human seizure disorders and their validity for testing potential therapies. The corneal kindled mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) allows for the rapid screening of investigational compounds, but there is a lack of information as to the specific inflammatory pathology in this model. Similarly, the Theiler murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) model of TLE may prove to be useful for screening, but quantitative assessment of hippocampal pathology is also lacking. We used immunohistochemistry to characterize and quantitate acute neuronal injury and inflammatory features in dorsal CA1 and dentate gyrus regions and in the directly overlying posterior parietal cortex at 2 time points in each of these TLE models. Corneal kindled mice were observed to have astrogliosis, but not microgliosis or neuron cell death. In contrast, TMEV-injected mice had astrogliosis, microgliosis, neuron death, and astrocyte and microglial proliferation. Our results suggest that these 2 animal models might be appropriate for evaluation of distinct therapies for TLE.
Semi-implicit integral deferred correction constructed with additive Runge-Kutta methods

In this paper, we consider construct high order semi-implicit integrators using integral deferred correction (IDC) to solve stiff initial value problems. The general framework for the construction of these semi-implicit methods uses uniformly distributed nodes and additive RungeKutta (ARK) integrators as base schemes inside an IDC framework, which we refer to as IDC-ARK methods. We establish under mild assumptions that, when an r order ARK method is used to predict and correct the numerical solution, the order of accuracy of the IDC method increases by r for each IDC prediction and correction loop. Numerical experiments support the established theorems, and also indicate that higher order IDC-ARK methods present an efficiency advantage over existing implicit-explicit (IMEX) ARK schemes in some cases.
Influence of gender stereotypes on advertising offensiveness and attitude toward advertising in general

Although considerable research has examined attitude toward advertising in general (AG), little is known about AG's determinants. This study investigates gender stereotype-related constructs whose relationship with AG is understudied and unclear. Structural equation modeling demonstrates that attitude toward sex/nudity in advertising predicts AG indirectly through the perceived offensiveness of advertising. Also, the more consumers believe that advertising portrays gender stereotypes, the less favorable their AG. Multi-group analyses, however, demonstrate that offensiveness harms AG for men, but not women. Also, gender-stereotype attitudes harm AG for female and younger consumers, but do not harm AG for male or older consumers. These results have important implications for advertisers in message targeting and advertisement execution strategies. Also, because unfavorable AG increases demands for governmental oversight and interference, the advertising industry should strengthen self-regulation. This self-r...
The increased effectiveness of platelet concentrates prepared in acidified plasma.

Abstract Platelet concentrates prepared in acidified plasma (pH 6.5-6.7) are superior to concentrates prepared by standard methods, and are 80-90 per cent as effective as platelet rich plasma (PRP). The use of excess citric acid to acidify plasma promotes resuspension of the concentrate by eliminating clumping, which is a major factor in the decreased effectiveness of standard concentrates. Analysis of posttransfusion recovery and survival of platelets reveals no evidence of platelet injury in an acid medium. Acidification of PRP inhibits the aggregation of platelets by adenosine diphosphate (ADP). The presence of endogenous ADP may be an important factor in clumping during standard concentrate preparation. A method of acidification of PRP using citric acid is described which allows preparation of an effective concentrate from fresh whole blood without subjecting the red cells to acid pH. Reconstitution of the acidified platelet poor plasma and its native red cells increases the citrate molarity by less than 6 per cent and results in minimal decrease in pH of the whole blood.
A generic framework for building dialogue games for language learning: application in the flight domain.

This paper presents a generic web-based dialogue game framework, “Mercurial”, for language learning. The system capabilities are demonstrated within a flight domain application. The system randomly generates a flight-booking scenario according to the current difficulty level. The student accomplishes the scenario by interacting with the system through speech. The system gives real-time feedback on the dialogue progress and scores, and summarizes the whole dialogue at the end of each scenario. The system uses generic language understanding, language generation, dialogue management, and user simulation modules to conduct the dialogue and give contextual help. Preliminary experiments yielded positive feedback from the subjects.
Clinical perspectives on the relationship between pain and disability.

Physicians involved in the evaluation and management of those with pain as a primary symptom are frequently requested to provide information about the “disability status” of that individual. Such requests arise from third-party payors such as insurance companies, state workers compensation departments, and other systems of disability determination. To effectively manage the individual with pain, the physician needs to have an understanding of the concepts of disability and those systems involved in this process.
Attitudes of Canadian and U.S. neurologists regarding carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic stenosis.

Attitude des neurologues canadiens et americains au sujet de l'endarterectomie carotidienne dans la stenose asymptomatique. Introduction: Les lignes directrices de l'American Heart Association sur l'endarterectomie carotidienne (EC) endossent l'EC pour la stenose carotidienne asymptomatique si l'intervention peut etre effectuee avec une faible morbidite. Cependant, le Canadian Stroke Consortium a publie un consensus contre l'EC dans la stenose asymptomatique. La vision des neurologues dans les deux pays sur ce sujet n'est pas claire. Methodes: Une etude a ete effectuee chez 270 neurologues de la Floride et de l'Indiana et 180 neurologues de l'Ontario et du Quebec. Resultats: Le questionnaire a ete retourne par 36% des neurologues. Les neurologues de la Floride (65%) et de l'Indiana (35%) etaient significativement plus susceptibles que les neurologues canadiens (11%) de parfois/souvent referer ces patients pour une chirurgie (p<0.001). Les neurologues de la Floride se fiaient davantage aux methodes non effractives d'evaluation de la stenose carotidienne (36%) que les neurologues canadiens (12%, p=0.003) qui preferaient l'angiographie. Les neurologues de la Floride evoquaient plus souvent des preoccupations medicolegales comme motif pour referer les patients a la chirurgie (27%) par rapport aux neurologues canadiens (3%, p=0.0001). Conclusions: Les pratiques concernant l'evaluation et le traitement de la stenose carotidienne different selon les regions et les pays. Les neurologues canadiens referent moins de patients asymptomatiques pour l'EC et se fient davantage a l'angiographie comme outil diagnostique preoperatoire. Le potentiel de litige medicolegal est une force plus importante dans la decision clinique pour certains neurologues americains que pour leurs collegues canadiens. Ces differences peuvent expliquer partiellement les variations dans l'utilisation de l'EC dans ces deux pays.
Block and Lesioning of the Splanchnic Nerves

There is a recognition among pain physicians that in a subset of patients who fail to obtain relief from bilateral celiac plexus block, splanchnic nerve block may provide relief. There is also further rationale for this block; since the splanchnic nerves are in a definable compartment, they are easy to block. Unilateral blocking of splanchnic nerves also helps unilateral pain.
Differential secretion of adipokines from subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in healthy dogs: Association with body condition and response to troglitazone

Abstract This study aimed to determine the effects of body condition, fat depot, and a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-agonist (troglitazone) on secretion of adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) from adipose tissue of healthy dogs. Subcutaneous and omental visceral adipose tissue samples were collected from 16 healthy intact female dogs, and body condition score (range 4–8/9) was determined. Concentrations of adiponectin were measured in mature adipocytes cultures and concentrations of IL6 and TNFα were measured in stromovascular cells cultures after 48 h incubation in fresh control medium, or fresh medium containing 10 µM troglitazone. Mature adipocytes and stromovascular cells of subcutaneous origin secreted higher concentrations of adiponectin and lower concentration of IL6 and TNFα, respectively, than corresponding cells of visceral origin, in both the control (P = 0.015, P = 0.004, and P = 0.016, respectively) and troglitazone-treated cultures (P
A Review of "The Accidental Indexer"

The role of the index in digital products has become a subject of heated debate when information professionals gather to formalize standards. Some publishers and authors are under the misguided imp...
Distributed Programming and Coordination for Agent-Based Modular Automation

A promising approach to enabling the rapid deployment and reconfiguration of automated assembly systems is to make use of cooperating, modular, robust robotic agents. Within such an environment, each robotic agent will execute its own program, while coordinating with peers to produce globaly cooperative precision behavior. To simplify the problem of agent programming, the structure of those programs is carefully designed to enable the automatic encapsulation of information necessary for execution during distribution. Similarly, the programming model incorporates structures for the compact specification and robust execution of potentially complex and fragile cooperative behaviors. These behaviors utilize a run-time environment that includes tools to automatically sequence the activities of an agent. Taken together, these abstractions enable a programmer to compactly describe the high-level behavior of the agent while relying on a set of formally correct control strategies to properly execute and sequence the necessary continuous behaviors.
Elevated donor hemoglobin A1c does not impair early survival in cardiac transplant recipients.

Background Orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) is the gold-standard therapy for end-stage heart failure. An increasing deficit between suitable allograft availability and clinical demand for OHT exists. The role of donor diabetes mellitus (DM) on post-transplant recipient outcomes in OHT is controversial. The purpose of this study was to examine donor hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels to identify the impact of donor glycemic control on recipient survival. Methods Adult OHT recipients with donor HbA1c data were identified in the UNOS database from 2010-2015. Recipients were stratified on the basis of donor glycemic status: hyperglycemic-donor and euglycemic-donor cohorts defined as HbA1c levels ≥6.5% and <6.5%, respectively. Outcomes were compared between unadjusted and propensity-matched hyperglycemic versus euglycemic donors. Primary endpoint was 3-year survival. Results Of 5342 OHT recipients, 208 (3.89%) received an allograft from a hyperglycemic donor and 5134 (96.1%) received an allograft from a euglycemic donor. There was no significant difference in survival in the hyperglycemic group before (p = 0.87) or after (p = 0.78) propensity matching. Conclusions No difference in 4-year survival was noted in recipients who received allografts from hyperglycemic donors. These results suggest that recent cumulative donor glycemic status alone may not be an important predictor of recipient outcomes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Inattention and Hyperactivity-Impulsivity: Their Detrimental Effect on Romantic Relationship Maintenance.

Objective: The aim of this study is to understand how ADHD symptoms correlate with romantic relationship maintenance and test theoretical pathways by which symptoms of ADHD lead to relationship dif...
Bridging together: teamwork in caring for the family touched by CHD.

In the opening plenary address of the 2017 7th World Congress of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery the author, who represented the World Society for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery at the Congress and is currently the Society’s president, described the history of the formation of the World Society. He listed accomplishments of the World Society including publication of the only journal devoted to congenital cardiac surgery, development of a global database, and convening several international conferences dating back to the inaugural conference in Washington, DC in 2007. The general theme of the presentation is the importance of teamwork in managing patients and families with CHD. Challenges facing congenital heart teams are discussed including the fragility of cardiac programmes, that can be heavily influenced by the administrative structure of a paediatric hospital; the difficulty of recruiting skilled surgeons into the field as training in general cardiothoracic surgery contracts and general surgery becomes predominantly laparoscopic with few open procedures; and increasing barriers to the international movement of surgeons including the opportunities for United States of America-based surgeons to acquire international experience at leading global centres. Finally, the author focusses on the danger that the team approach poses to maintaining empathy and emotional support for the family with CHD undergoing a stressful hospitalisation. He discusses strategies to optimise holistic support of the child and family.
Cardiac Masses and Tumors

Masses in or around the heart are most often incidental findings on echocardiography. Less frequently, a tumor involving the heart causes direct symptoms that lead the clinician to suspect a cardiac abnormality.
Elderly Victims of Family Violence and Neglect

Geriatric abuse is a possible dimension of intrafamily violence within American society. Representative situations are presented here that may go unrecognized as intrafamily violence by human servi...
Bryophytes of Loud Thunder Forest Preserve, with an Updated Checklist of the Bryoflora of Rock Island County, Illinois

An inventory of the bryophytes of Loud Thunder Forest Preserve (Rock Island, IL) was conducted in order to improve the knowledge of the bryoflora of the county. In total, 38 species were identified, adding 19 new taxa to the county checklist (53 mosses and 9 liverworts). Most of the existing collections of the bryoflora in the area were made more than a century ago, and since the new additions are common species this suggests that moss and liverwort diversity in Rock Island County is still underexplored.
Techniques and patterns for safe and efficient real-time middleware

Over 90 percent of all microprocessors are now used for real-time and embedded applications. The behavior of these applications is often constrained by the physical world. It is therefore important to devise higher-level languages and middleware that meet conventional functional requirements, as well as dependably and productively enforce real-time constraints. Real-Time Java is emerging as a safe, real-time environment. In this thesis we use it as our experimentation platform; however, our findings are easily adapted to other similar platforms. This thesis provides the following contributions to the study of safe and efficient real-time middleware. First, it identifies potential bottlenecks and problem with respect to guaranteeing real-time performance in middleware. Second, it presents a series of techniques and patterns that allow the design and implementation of safe, predictable, and highly efficient real-time middleware. Third, it provides a set of architectural and design patterns that application developers can use when designing real-time systems. Finally, it provides a methodology for evaluating the merits and benefits of real-time middleware. Empirical results are presented using that methodology for the techniques presented in this thesis. The methodology helps compare the performance and predictability of general, real-time middleware platforms.
Spinor-Helicity Formalism for Massless Fields in AdS 4

In this Letter, we suggest a natural spinor-helicity formalism for massless fields in four-dimensional anti--de Sitter space (${\mathrm{AdS}}_{4}$). It is based on the standard realization of the ${\mathrm{AdS}}_{4}$ isometry algebra $so(3,2)$ in terms of differential operators acting on $sl(2,\mathbb{C})$ spinor variables. We start by deriving the anti--de Sitter counterpart of plane waves in flat space and then use them to evaluate simple scattering amplitudes. Finally, based on symmetry arguments, we classify all three-point amplitudes involving massless spinning fields. As in flat space, we find that the spinor-helicity formalism allows us to construct additional consistent interactions as compared to approaches employing Lorentz tensors.
The impact of state parity laws on copayments for and adherence to oral endocrine therapy for breast cancer.

BACKGROUND Adherence to endocrine therapy for breast cancer is often inadequate, in part because of out-of-pocket costs for medication. Numerous states have enacted parity laws to limit patient cost-sharing for oral anticancer drugs. The objective of this study was to estimate the impact of these laws on patient copayments for and adherence to oral endocrine therapy for breast cancer. METHODS Administrative health insurance claims data from 2007 to 2014 derived from a US health care database were used to identify female patients aged 18 to 64 years with invasive cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast who initiated endocrine therapy and were enrolled in fully insured health plans in states that either enacted parity legislation between 2008 and 2013 or had not yet enacted such legislation by 2015. Differences-in-differences analysis was used to compare copayments for and adherence to endocrine therapy during the 1-year period before and after each year of legislation enactment. RESULTS In total, 6900 individuals who received 7778 unique drug therapy courses were identified. Parity legislation was associated with significant decreases in the 25th percentile of copayments for anastrozole of $4.39 (95% confidence interval [CI], -$4.52 to -$4.26; P < .001) and for exemestane of $3.08 (95% CI, -$4.80 to -$1.35; P < .001). The median copayment for exemestane decreased by $10.25 (95% CI, -$12.61 to -$7.89; P < .001). A higher median monthly copayment was significantly associated with a greater risk of medication nonadherence (adjusted risk ratio, 1.006 per dollar increase; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Parity laws had a modest effect on lowering the cost of anastrozole and exemestane, but more focused efforts to limit out-of-pocket costs for endocrine therapy may have a greater impact on medication adherence.
Re-Re-Reply To

"The Impact of Microcredit on the Poor in Bangladesh: Revisiting the Evidence," by David Roodman and Jonathan Morduch (2014) (henceforth RM) is the most recent of a sequence of papers and web postings that seeks to refute the findings of the Pitt and Khandker (1998; henceforth PK) article "The Impact of Group-Based Credit on Poor Households in Bangladesh: Does the Gender of Participants Matter?" that microcredit for women had significant, favorable effects on household consumption and other outcomes. In this version of RM, the authors have backed off many of their prior claims and methods after earlier replies noted their faults (see Pitt (1999), Pitt (2011a), Pitt (2011b), and Pitt and Khandker (2012)). Nonetheless, important claims against PK remain in this new version of RM and are addressed below. Readers should refer to Pitt and Khandker (2012) for a discussion of other issues with RM, including a discussion of the bimodal likelihood.
Norovirus Attachment and Entry

Human norovirus is a major human pathogen causing the majority of cases of viral gastroenteritis globally. Viral entry is the first step of the viral life cycle and is a significant determinant of cell tropism, host range, immune interactions, and pathogenesis. Bile salts and histo-blood group antigens are key mediators of norovirus entry; however, the molecular mechanisms by which these molecules promote infection and the identity of a potential human norovirus receptor remain unknown. Recently, there have been several important advances in norovirus entry biology including the identification of CD300lf as the receptor for murine norovirus and of the role of the minor capsid protein VP2 in viral genome release. Here, we will review the current understanding about norovirus attachment and entry and highlight important future directions.
Ideological Representation: Achieved and Astray: Elections, Institutions, and the Breakdown of Ideological Congruence in Parliamentary Democracies

Ideological congruence is the term generally used in comparative politics for the representative relationship between the general preferences of citizens and the perceived and stated position of government. This study provides a systematic comparative assessment of success and failure in achieving ideological congruence in nineteen developed parliamentary democracies from 1996 through to 2017. It then deconstructs the processes through which elections can connect citizens and governments into the three major stages: citizens' votes in parliamentary elections; the conversion of those votes into legislative representation; the election of prime ministers by their parliaments and the appointment of cabinet ministers. Analyzing these three stages shows that average distance from the median citizen increases at each stage, with only a few remarkable recoveries once congruence begins to go astray.
Pay for Performance for Antibiotic Timing in Pneumonia: Caveat Emptor

Article-at-a-Glance Background Health care practitioners and hospital administrators have focused on a performance measure regarding antibiotic timing for patients with community-acquired pneumonia in anticipation of a pay-for-performance program through the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) and private payers. Antibiotic Timing as a Performance Measure Early antibiotic administration is associated with improved outcomes, even after adjusting for severity. Yet although some patients may benefit through the early administration of antibiotics, there is a risk to other patients who are treated concurrently. Some patients' care may be delayed because they may not receive the same priority as patients with suspected pneumonia. Other patients may receive inappropriate antibiotics for suspected pneumonia to shorten the time to administration. Potential Impact of Pay for Performance Attempts to address the performance measure are probably dependent on how well the emergency department functions and the level of crowding. Patients with a suspected pneumonia may be empirically covered with antibiotics before radiographic diagnosis, which should increase the rate of antibiotic administration for antibiotic-nonresponsive conditions and contribute to antibiotic resistance. The answer is to find measures of system throughput and/or work flow that are associated with improved patient care outcomes.
A thermodynamically consistent formulation for bending of thermoviscoelastic beams for small deformation, small strain based on classical continuum mechanics

The work presented in this paper extends the kinematic assumption free and thermodynamically consistent formulation for bending of thermoelastic beams presented by Surana et al. for bending of ther...
Effects of a mindfulness based behavioral intervention for young adults with childhood maltreatment history on hippocampal morphometry: a pilot MRI study with voxel-based morphometry.

Childhood maltreatment has long lasting impacts on neural development of the hippocampus, which is important for learning and memory. The present study aimed to assess the effects of a mindfulness based intervention on hippocampal morphometry and episodic memory in this population. We administered MRI, psychological questionnaires and an episodic memory task to 21 participants (5 males) before and after a mindfulness-based behavioral intervention, compared to 21 participants (7 males) on the waiting list. Changes in Gray Matter Volume (GMV) in bilateral hippocampi were analyzed with Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM). One cluster was identified in the right hippocampus with a group by time interaction effect that consisted of 130 contiguous voxels but fell short of significance with full FDR correction (p = 0.077). GMV in this cluster increased by 0.76% in the mindfulness group and decreased by 0.78% in the control group. Within the mindfulness group, changes in hippocampal GMV were negatively associated with changes in perceived stress and depression severity and positively associated with enhancement in performance accuracy on the episodic memory task. Findings from this pilot study suggest that a mindfulness-based intervention may lead to an increase in partial hippocampal GMV with associated symptom reduction and improvement in episodic memory.
Spatial modeling of a second-use strategy for electric vehicle batteries to improve disaster resilience and circular economy

Abstract As electric vehicle adoption increases, there is a need for strategic innovation to manage end-of-life lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). When no longer viable for vehicle use, LIBs still retain significant energy storage capacity. Enabling second-use of LIBs for stationary energy storage presents an opportunity for circular economy innovation, value retention, and sustainable management of raw materials. Second-use LIBs used for stationary back-up power can also contribute to energy resilience, disaster relief, and resource efficiency. This study analyzes a circular economy management model for LIBs by integrating three methods: Multi-criteria decision analysis is used to determine strategic locations for second-use LIB stationary deployment; geospatial analysis is used to determine efficient transportation routes from LIB consolidation points to strategic destinations; and material flow analysis estimates anticipated local availability of second-use LIBs. A case study of Berlin, Germany, is used to demonstrate the model. Results show that under business-as-usual growth, >23,000 second-use LIBs could be diverted for second-use applications by 2040, and could provide back-up power to critical infrastructure, such as emergency traffic signals, for up to 380 h during a disaster event. Under an aggressive electric vehicle adoption scenario to 2040, more than 100,600 LIBs could be diverted from waste, providing significant opportunities for post-disaster recovery using distributed energy infrastructure. This model demonstrates the potential contribution of integrated circular economy strategies to achieving both resilience and sustainability objectives.
The expression of TCRP1 in chronic myeloid leukemia cells and its effects on cell proliferation

Objective To investigate the effects of tongue cancer resistance-associated protein 1 (TCRP1) in proliferation of chronic myeloid leukemia cells (CML), and explore the new thoughts of pathogenesis of CML. Methods The expression of TCRP1 was detected in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of CML with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot. After the expression of TCRP1 was interfered in K562 cells, the proliferation of cells was detected by 3-(4, 5-dimenthylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay and soft agar colony forming assay, and the expression of protein kinase B (AKT) and its phosphorylation were tested by Western blot. Results In PBMC of CML patients, the mRNA and protein levels of TCRP1 were significantly higher than those of normal controls. The results of MTS assay and soft agar colony forming assay showed that the proliferation of K562 cells was significantly decreased after the expression of TCRP1 was interfered. After knockdown of TCRP1 in K562 cells, the phosphorylation of AKT was significantly decreased while the expression of total AKT did not change. Conclusions The expression of TCRP1 was increased in CML cells. High expression of TCRP1 might contribute to proliferation of K562 cells via the phosphorylation of AKT. Key words: Oncogenes; Leukemia, myeloid; Cell proliferation; Tongue neoplasms
Access to healthcare insurance increases the rates of surgery for diverticulitis

Objective: The goal of this study was to examine the effect of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion on rates of hospitalization and surgery for diverticulitis. Study Settings: Data were obtai...
Altering Substrate Specificity and Detecting Processivity in Nucleases

Publisher Summary This chapter describes the alteration of substrate specificity and detection of processivity in nucleases. In a study described in the chapter, the cDNA for RNase A was carried in the bacterial expression plasmid pET22B such that its transcription was under the control of theT7RNApolymerasepromoter. Targeting of mature RNase A to the periplasm was directed by the pelB leader peptide. Echerichia coli ( E.coli ) cells harboring this plasmid have been induced to express up to 50 mg/L of recoverable, native RNase A. Zymogram electrophoresis of supernatant from E. coli cells induced to express the pBXRl library demonstrated the presence of an enzyme able to cleave polyA efficiently. Zymogram spot assay of individual transformants from this library identified those dones responsible for this new activity. Analysis of the enzyme, and DNA from these transformants indicated that the most active mutant had a glycine residue at position 45. Analysis of whole cell extract producing T45G RNase A confirmed that this mutation had increased dramatically the ability of RNase A to cleave polyA.
Increased tibiofemoral rotation on MRI with increasing clinical severity of patellar instability.

Tibiofemoral rotation through the knee joint, specifically relative external tibial rotation, has been identified as a potential contributing factor to patellar instability. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between severity of instability with degree of tibiofemoral rotation in three clinical cohorts: fixed or obligatory dislocators (in which the patella either is constantly laterally dislocated or laterally dislocates with every instance of knee flexion, respectively), standard traumatic instability patients, and normal controls. A retrospective study was performed with three cohorts from April 2009 to February 2019: fixed or obligatory dislocators, standard traumatic instability patients, and controls with normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee. All fixed or obligatory dislocation patients from the study time frame were analyzed; controls and standard traumatic instability patients were randomly selected. Inclusion criteria were age under 18 years and qualifying diagnosis; exclusion criteria were outside institution MRI and previous MPFL reconstruction or tibial tubercle osteotomy. Tibiofemoral rotation was measured blindly on initial axial MRI using the posterior femoral and tibial condylar lines. Tibial tubercle to trochlear groove distance (TT–TG) was measured. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated among four measurers. A total of 100 patients were included, 20 fixed or obligatory dislocators, 40 standard traumatic instability patients, and 40 controls. Median age was 13.2 years (range 10–17 years), with 55 females. Age was significantly higher in the standard traumatic instability group than both the control (p < 0.001) and fixed or obligatory dislocator groups (p = 0.003). ICC for TT–TG and tibiofemoral rotation were 0.92 and 0.96, respectively. Fixed or obligatory dislocator patients averaged 8.5° external tibiofemoral rotation, standard traumatic instability patients 1.6° external tibiofemoral rotation, and controls 3.8° internal tibiofemoral rotation. Both tibiofemoral rotation and TT–TG were highest in the fixed or obligatory dislocator cohort, followed by the standard traumatic instability cohort, and lowest in the controls (p < 0.0001 for tibiofemoral rotation and TT–TG). Multivariate analysis showed no correlation between age and tibiofemoral rotation. Measurement of tibiofemoral rotation was reproducible with excellent interrater reliability. The degree of tibiofemoral rotation is correlated with severity of patellar instability, with the greatest external tibiofemoral rotation in fixed or obligatory dislocator patients, followed by standard traumatic instability patients, and slight internal tibiofemoral rotation in controls. High external tibiofemoral rotation may be an important pathoanatomic factor in fixed or obligatory dislocators, and with further understanding may become a prognostic factor or surgical target. III.
(Mis)Recognizing Undocumented Students & Families in a Rural School

School and educator responses to the immigration policy environment may depend on what educators know about who is in their school community. This paper examines whether and how educators in a rura...
Android Compatibility Issue Detection Using API Differences

Android apps are developed using a Software Development Kit (SDK), where the Android application programming interface (API) enables app developers to harness the functionalities of Android devices by interacting with services and hardware. However, API frequently evolves together with its associated SDK. The mismatch between the API level supported by the device where apps are installed and the API level targeted by app developers can induce compatibility issues. These issues can manifest themselves as unexpected behaviors, including runtime crashes, creating a poor user experience. In this paper, we propose ACID, a novel approach to detecting compatibility issues caused by API evolution. We leverage API differences and static analysis of the source code of Android apps to detect both API invocation compatibility issues and API callback compatibility issues. Experiments on 20 benchmark apps from previous studies show that ACID is more accurate and faster in detecting compatibility issues than state-of-the-art. We also analyzed 35 more real-world apps to show the practical applicability of our approach.
Forecast modeling to identify changes in pediatric emergency department utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract Objective To identify trends in pediatric emergency department (ED) utilization following the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study from 37 geographically diverse US children's hospitals. We included ED encounters between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2020, transformed into time-series data. We constructed ensemble forecasting models of the most common presenting diagnoses and the most common diagnoses leading to admission, using data from 2010 through 2019. We then compared the most common presenting diagnoses and the most common diagnoses leading to admission in 2020 to the forecasts. Results 29,787,815 encounters were included, of which 1,913,085 (6.4%) occurred during 2020. ED encounters during 2020 were lower compared to prior years, with a 65.1% decrease in April relative to 2010–2019. In forecasting models, encounters for depression and diabetic ketoacidosis remained within the 95% confidence interval [CI]; fever, bronchiolitis, hyperbilirubinemia, skin/subcutaneous infections and seizures occurred within the 80–95% CI during the portions of 2020, and all other diagnoses (abdominal pain, otitis media, asthma, pneumonia, trauma, upper respiratory tract infections, and urinary tract infections) occurred below the predicted 95% CI. Conclusion Pediatric ED utilization has remained low following the COVID-19 pandemic, and below forecasted utilization for most diagnoses. Nearly all conditions demonstrated substantial declines below forecasted rates from the prior decade and which persisted through the end of the year. Some declines in non-communicable diseases may represent unmet healthcare needs among children. Further study is warranted to understand the impact of policies aimed at curbing pandemic disease on children.
Effect of replacing darkness with dim light in the larviculture of red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus

Abstract Progress towards the development of reliable hatchery technology for red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus, has been limited by inconsistent spawning and difficulties in larval rearing. We report on recent progress to improve this technology. A larval rearing trial assessing the effects of two different photoperiods was conducted at the University of Miami Experimental Hatchery (UMEH). Four 400-L tanks were subjected to a photoperiod of 16 h of full spectrum light, and four 400-L tanks were subjected to 16 h of full spectrum light and 8 h of dim light through 11 days post hatch (dph). S-strain rotifers, Brachionus rotundiformis, were used as the exclusive first feeding source and were maintained at a density of 25 ml−1 throughout the experimental period. Standard length, swim bladder inflation, and feed consumption were measured for each tank at 3, 6, 9 and 12 dph. Survival was quantified at 12 dph and at the completion of weaning onto dry feeds at 40 dph. No significant differences in growth, feed consumption, or survival rates were observed between treatments at the conclusion of the trial. However, tanks exposed to a treatment involving 8 h of dim light showed completion of swim bladder inflation in 92.5 ± 10.8 % of larvae sampled by 9 dph, while tanks maintained with 16 h of light and 8 h of darkness showed a significant reduction with only 60 ± 2.5 % swim bladder inflation at this sample date (p = 0.0131). By 12 dph, all larvae in all tanks showed >95 % swim bladder inflation success. Total survival across treatment groups through 13 dph was 66 ± 8.0 % and 4.6 ± 1.0 % at 40 dph when the larvae were fully weaned onto dry diets.
The Deception of Mass Effect: Subacute Posterior Cerebral Artery Infarction Presenting as a Mimic of Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Syndrome:

Clinical data from 3 related cases sheds light on the complex presentation of subacute posterior cerebral artery strokes mimicking acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) syndrome. An expert witness in ...
Teaching Conversational Robots in a Museum Exhibition with Interactive Surfaces

Teaching Artificial intelligence concepts is incorporated in many formal and informal educational institutions. This demo showcases a novel learning experience of fundamental AI concepts for children in a 30-minute, engaging, hands-on, and playful experience designed for museums and community centers. The experience aims to make children to comprehend that AI systems are built from and by people, and is materialized in a series of activities where the children improve the abilities of three AI-powered conversational robots competing in a quiz game. The demo shows how children can learn about AI by teaching machines in natural language with interactive surfaces in a way which enables them to grasp intuitively those essential ideas about AI. As part of the formative design process, 109 children interacted and evaluated the prototype.
Subcellular Distribution of Ubiquinone and the Content of Ubiquinone and Other Electron Carriers in the Mitochondria Isolated from Tobacco Cultured Cells

The intracellular distribution of UQ in BY-2 cells was examined. The distribution of UQ is well correlated with the distribution of Cyt c oxidase activity in mitochondria. Mitochondrial preparations from BY-2 cells examined showed a high degree of both coupling and respiratory control. They were further purified by sucrose density gradient centrifugation and UQ and Cyts contents in the purified mitochondria were determined. The UQ and Cyts (b and c) contents and their molar ratios in BY-2 cell mitochondria are similar to those of mung bean seedling mitochondria.
Analyzing Evacuation Versus Shelter-in-Place Strategies After a Terrorist Nuclear Detonation

We superimpose a radiation fallout model onto a traffic flow model to assess the evacuation versus shelter-in-place decisions after the daytime ground-level detonation of a 10-kt improvised nuclear device in Washington, DC. In our model, approximately 80k people are killed by the prompt effects of blast, burn, and radiation. Of the approximately 360k survivors without access to a vehicle, 42.6k would die if they immediately self-evacuated on foot. Sheltering above ground would save several thousand of these lives and sheltering in a basement (or near the middle of a large building) would save of them. Among survivors of the prompt effects with access to a vehicle, the number of deaths depends on the fraction of people who shelter in a basement rather than self-evacuate in their vehicle: 23.1k people die if 90% shelter in a basement and 54.6k die if 10% shelter. Sheltering above ground saves approximately half as many lives as sheltering in a basement. The details related to delayed (i.e., organized) evacuation, search and rescue, decontamination, and situational awareness (via, e.g., telecommunications) have very little impact on the number of casualties. Although antibiotics and transfusion support have the potential to save approximately 10k lives (and the number of lives saved from medical care increases with the fraction of people who shelter in basements), the logistical challenge appears to be well beyond current response capabilities. Taken together, our results suggest that the government should initiate an aggressive outreach program to educate citizens and the private sector about the importance of sheltering in place in a basement for at least 12 hours after a terrorist nuclear detonation. Language: en
Modular forms with multiplicative coefficients

The material in this chapter is motivated by properties shared by the discriminant Δ(τ) and the Eisenstein series is any element of the modular group Γ.
Cannabinoid receptors as a target for therapy of ovarian cancer

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006 4615 Ovarian cancer represents one of the leading cause of cancer-related deaths for women and is the most common gynecologic malignancy. In spite of relative low morbidity, ovarian cancer has a high fatality ratio, with overall 5-year survival of less than 30%. At present, there are inadequate treatment options for the management of advanced ovarian cancer, and therefore development of novel approaches for treatment of this disease are needed. Cannabinoids, the active components of Cannabis sativa linnaeous and their derivatives have received considerable attention in recent years due to their diverse pharmacological activities such as cell growth inhibition and tumor regression. To date, two different cannabinoid receptors have been characterized and cloned from mammalian tissues: the “central” CB1 receptor and the “peripheral” CB2 receptor. We found that compared to normal Chinese hamster ovarian (CHO) cells, the expression levels of both cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 were significantly higher in human ovarian cancer cells OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3. We then determined expression levels of the cannabinoid receptors in different grades of human ovarian cancer specimens and employing western blot analysis found that both CB1 and CB2 receptors were expressed. To evaluate the cell growth response of WIN-55,212-2 (a mixed CB1/CB2 agonist) on CHO, OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 cells, we employed MTT assay. Of interest, our results demonstrated that treatment of CHO cells with WIN-55,212-2 (5-20 μM; 48 h), did not affect cell viability. In sharp contrast, treatment of OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 cells with WIN-55,212-2 under similar conditions significantly decreased the viability of cells. The decrease in cell viability in OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 cells suggests the involvement of either or both CB1 and CB2 receptors in the antiproliferative action of cannabinoids. To evaluate the possible implication of CB1 and CB2 receptors in WIN-55,212-2-mediated decrease in cell viability, the effect of selective receptor antagonists was studied. Blocking of both receptors by their antagonists SR141716 (CB1) and SR144528 (CB2) significantly prevented this growth inhibitory effect. Further, WIN-55,212-2 treatment of both OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 cells resulted in G1 arrest in cell cycle progression, which was associated with a marked decrease in the protein expression of cyclin D1, D2, and E and their activating partner cdk2, 4 and 6. In addition WIN-55,212-2 treatment of both OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 cells was found to result in induction of apoptosis as determined by PARP cleavage and flow cytometry. We also found that treatment of both OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 cells with WIN-55,212-2 resulted in down-regulation of the expression of PCNA and VEGF. These results support a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of ovarian cancer. It is also conceivable that with available cannabinoids as lead compounds, non-habit forming agents that have higher biological effects could be developed.