cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Detecting blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) contrast in the breast

Purpose: To develop a robust technique for detecting blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast in the human breast and to evaluate the signal in healthy and malignant breast. Materials and Methods: The design of this study focused on determining the optimal pulse sequence and stimulus for detecting BOLD contrast in the breast. For this study a single-shot fast spin echo (SSFSE) sequence was compared to a gradient echo (GRE) pulse sequence. Also, several hyperoxic stimuli were tested on 15 healthy volunteers to determine the best stimulus for inducing BOLD contrast in the breast: air interleaved with carbogen (95% O2, 5% CO2), air interleaved with oxygen, and oxygen interleaved with carbogen. The stimulus with the most consistent results among the healthy population was tested on three breast cancer patients. Results: An SSFSE pulse sequence produced improved BOLD contrast results in the breast compared to a GRE pulse sequence. Oxygen interleaved with carbogen yielded the most consistent results in the healthy population. BOLD contrast in healthy glandular breast tissue positively correlates with carbogen and malignant tissue mostly negatively correlates to carbogen. Conclusion: BOLD contrast can consistently be detected in the breast using a robust protocol. This methodology may be used in the future as a noninvasive method for evaluating tumor oxygenation. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:120–129. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Meta-analysis comparing efficacy of benzoyl peroxide, clindamycin, benzoyl peroxide with salicylic acid, and combination benzoyl peroxide/clindamycin in acne

Background Comparative efficacy of the multiple treatments containing benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and clindamycin (CL) is not established. Objective We compared the efficacy of topical 5% BPO, 1% to 1.2% CL, 5% BPO with salicylic acid (SA) preparation, and combination BPO/CL in acne lesion reduction. Methods A meta-analysis was conducted using the Cochrane collaboration guidelines in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Results A total of 23 studies including 7309 patients were used in the meta-analysis. At 2 to 4 weeks, 5% BPO + SA had statistically greater percent lesion reductions over other groups (weighted mean inflammatory lesion reduction: BPO = 33.4%, CL = 21.5%, BPO + SA = 55.2%, BPO/CL = 40.7%, placebo = 7.3%; weighted mean noninflammatory lesion reduction: BPO = 19.1%, CL = 10.0%, BPO + SA = 42.7%, BPO/CL = 26.2%, placebo = 6.7%). At 10- to 12-week end points, 5% BPO + SA and BPO/CL were similar, with overlapping confidence intervals (weighted mean inflammatory lesion reduction: BPO = 43.7%, CL = 45.9%, BPO + SA = 51.8%, BPO/CL = 55.6%, placebo = 26.8%; weighted mean noninflammatory lesion reduction: BPO = 30.9%, CL = 32.6%, BPO + SA = 47.8%, BPO/CL = 40.3%, placebo = 17.0%). Limitations Trial heterogeneity, publication bias, and deficits in the reporting of individual primary studies may affect results. Conclusion At early time points, 5% BPO + SA had the best profile. BPO/CL was only incrementally better than BPO alone but was superior to CL alone. At later time points, 5% BPO + SA was similar to BPO/CL.
An Arterial Cuff Energy Scavenger For Implanted Microsystems

This paper presents a miniature implantable power source that scavenges energy from the expansion and contraction of an artery. The 0.25 cm3 device consists of a piezoelectric thin film embedded within a flexible, self-curling medical-grade silicone cuff. It is expected to enable self-powered implanted microsystems with near-continuous operation, increased lifetime, reduced surgical replacement, and minimized external interface requirements compared to its current alternatives. The fabricated device generates up to 16 nW when tested around a mock artery. Improvements underway are expected to increase power generation to 1.0 muW.
An Overview of Uncertainty Concepts Related to Mechanical and Civil Engineering

Infrastructure decisions reflect multiple social, political, and economic aspects of society, leading to information/partial knowledge and uncertainty in many forms. Alternatives to classical proba...
Photon pair correlation spectroscopy of single tetrahedral oligophenylenevinylene molecules at room temperature

Abstract We have examined the photon statistics of single tetrahedral based oligophenylenevinylene (TOPV) molecules using photon pair correlation spectroscopy (PPCS). The second-order correlation function g (2) ( τ ) can be obtained from PPCS and the value of g (2) ( τ ) at small τ can be used to quantify the number of chromophores involved in emission. Comparison of g (2) ( τ ) obtained from OPV `arms' versus TOPV revealed limited interchromophore coupling in TOPV. Unlike previous studies on interchromophore coupling in organic semiconductors, TOPV molecules are able to sustain simultaneous emission from multiple arms.
Das Verhalten von Blei im tierischen Organismus

Bei Bleitetraathyl ergeben sich auf Grund seiner besonderen Beschaffenheit im Vergleich zu den ublicheren Bleiverbindungen ungewohnlich interessante physiologische Wirkungen. Wir haben fruher darauf hingewiesen, das diese Besonderheit physikalischen Eigenschaften zuzuschreiben ist, als deren Folge das Blei in den Geweben zunachst in einer Weise verteilt wird, die von der bei der Resorption wasserloslicher Verbindungen beobachteten abweicht (1). Vergleichende Bestimmungen der Giftwirkung haben gezeigt, das Bleitetraathyl seine Giftigkeit seinem Bleigehalt verdankt (2), wobei klinische Beobachtungen auf eine Ahnlichkeit im Verhalten von Bleitetraathyl und von wasserloslichen Bleiverbindungen hingewiesen haben, wenn beide in kleinen Mengen und wahrend einer Zeitspanne von Belang aufgenommen werden (3). Wenn man die chemische Reaktionsfahigkeit der organischen Bleiverbindung berucksichtigt, rechtfertigen diese Tatsachen die Vermutung, das Bleitetraathyl nicht lange als solches im lebenden tierischen Organismus bestehen bleibt.
Selective reduction of NOx by propene over Au/γ-Al2O3 catalysts

The activity of Au/γ-Al 2 O 3 catalysts for NO reduction by propene was studied in the presence of 1.5% H 2 O and 4.7% O 2 . The behavior of the catalysts prepared using different procedure could be classified into three groups. Group A catalysts were active in N 2 production below 673 K. They contained aggregates of small grains of Au. Group B catalysts were active above 673 K. They contained large Au crystallites. On these catalysts, the Al 2 O 3 support contributed substantially to the observed catalytic activity. Group C catalysts were not very active for N 2 production, but were the most active for propene combustion. They contained small grains of Au highly dispersed on Al 2 O 3 . It was established that the oxidation of NO to NO 2 was not important in NO reduction over catalysts effective for N 2 formation.
Thermal Performance of a Prototypical Gas-Cooled T-Tube Divertor Module with Single-Sided Heating

Extensive experimental and numerical studies of the planar jet impingement concept used in gas-cooled T-tube divertor modules have been previously performed at Georgia Tech. 1 The experiments were used to validate the numerical CFD model based on the FLUENT ® software package. However, the test module used in those experiments did not duplicate the exact geometry of the T-tube divertor, particularly the single-sided nature of the incident heat flux. In this paper, the thermal performance of a prototypical T-tube divertor module is experimentally and numerically examined. The test module has been designed and constructed to match the geometry, dimensions, material properties, and single-sided heating configuration of the actual T-tube divertor. Experiments were performed using air as the coolant with different values of the incident heat flux. The coolant flow rate and inlet pressure were selected to span the expected range of non-dimensional parameters for the actual helium-cooled T-tube divertor design. The experimental values of the local heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop show good agreement with the numerical (FLUENT ® 6.3) predictions. The data obtained in this investigation provide added confidence in the predicted performance of the T-tube divertor concept, and the ability of the FLUENT CFD software package to predict its thermal performance, as well as the thermal performance of other complex gas-cooled high heat flux components.
Successful breastfeeding in a motivated one-arm amputee

A mother with an amputation of her left arm (from the age of 4 years old) delivered a healthy infant at our hospital and was determined to exclusively breastfeed for 6 months and wanted to continue to breastfeed for 1 year. Whereas bottle feeding would have required two arms or an assistant, strategies were developed that enabled the mother to successfully breastfeed independently. This report details methods that can be used to enable breastfeeding in mothers with either permanent or temporary use of only one arm. The purpose of this article is two folds: 1) to heighten awareness of successful breastfeeding by mothers who have use of only one arm, and 2) to delineate successful techniques to assist mothers with arm amputations.
Stories of a Chameleon: Judith Ortiz Cofer's “Moments of Being”

(2003). Stories of a Chameleon: Judith Ortiz Cofer's “Moments of Being”. a/b: Auto/Biography Studies: Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 105-116.
As it was and as it is: a half-century of progress.

I am privileged to present the first John F. Enders Memorial Lecture. We honor the memory of an individual who was influential in the development of the science of medical virology as we know it today. I honor an individual who was my mentor, collaborator, and longtime friend ?a relationship shared with those of you in the audience who were fortunate enough to have spent a period in Enders' laboratory. For it was in the laboratory and in small group discussions that the charismatic attributes of Enders' personality surfaced. He had a unique capacity to grasp the significance of a new observation and to communicate his enthusiasm as he guided his associates in the exploitation thereof. His discussions in the laboratory were in the Zinsserian tradition; the subject material ranged widely, from contemporary politics to literature, history, music, and the arts, all interspersed with considerations of the scientific matters at hand.
Aspects of Mating Behavior of the Gypsy Moth

When virgin female Porthetria dispar (L.) actively released sex attractant they assumed a typical calling position and began a rhythmic protraction and partial retraction of the last abdominal segments or “ovipositor.” If disturbed or when contacted by the male, the “ovipositor” was withdrawn. Females showed a marked change in behavior soon after mating ended. They did not call and avoided males attempting to copulate. They became active and were negatively phototropic and positively geotropic in searching for suitable sites for egg laying. Once egg laying began they were not easily disturbed. Observations on the males indicated that in the presence of the attractant, sight assisted in location of the female. Males did not continue to pursue unreceptive females indefinitely. Such behavior in the 2 sexes would tend to make multiple mating infrequent in nature. Females in copulo for periods of 1–4 minutes produced relatively few, scattered, infertile eggs while those mated 8 minutes or more produced fertile eggs in normal egg masses. An increasing number of females was fertilized during copulation periods of 5, 6, and 7 minutes. There was some evidence that normal egg-laying behavior may be released in unfertilized females. Certain of the females mated for periods of 5, 6, and 7 minutes, although sterile, behaved like mated females and deposited egg masses normal in both appearance and number of eggs.
Cooperative Interference Mitigation for Heterogeneous Multi-Hop Wireless Networks Coexistence

This paper studies the coexistence of heterogeneous multi-hop networks, which use different physical-layer technologies. We propose a new paradigm, called cooperative interference mitigation (CIM), which exploits recent advancement in interference cancellation (IC), such as technology-independent multiple output. CIM makes it possible for disparate networks to cooperatively mitigate the interference to/from each other to enhance everyone’s performance. We first show the feasibility of CIM among heterogeneous multi-hop networks by exploiting only channel-ratio information. Then, we establish two tractable models to characterize the CIM behaviors of both networks by using full IC and receiver-side IC only. We propose two bi-criteria optimization problems aiming at maximizing both networks’ throughput, while cooperatively canceling the interference between them based on our two models. Several simulations are carried out to compare the Pareto-optimal throughput curves by using our CIM paradigms and traditional interference-avoidance (IAV) paradigm. By comparing the results from CIM and IAV, we show that CIM could remarkably improve the coexisting networks’ throughput in different network settings.
Photochemical Doping of Protonic Transistors from a Cephalopod Protein

The field of bioelectronics has the potential to revolutionize both fundamental biology and personalized medicine. As such, much research effort has been devoted to the development of devices and materials that are intrinsically compatible with biological systems. Within this context, several recent studies have focused on protonic transistors from naturally occurring materials, such as squid-derived polysaccharides and proteins. Herein, we report the rational design, fabrication, and characterization of two- and three-terminal protonic devices, for which the active material consists of a protein-based proton conductor doped with a small molecular photoacid. We electrically interrogate these devices both in the absence and presence of illumination, demonstrating that an exogenous photophysical stimulus selectively enhances their electrical properties. Our findings hold significance for understanding and controlling proton transport not only in bioelectronic platforms but also across a wide range of voltag...
Democratisation and Reform in Latin America

The 1980s became known as ‘the lost decade’ in Latin America. For the region as a whole, GDP grew little more than 1 per cent per year compared with 6 per cent in the previous decade. As a result, per capita GDP fell by more than 10 per cent in the 1980s. There were few exceptions — Chile and Colombia among them — to this declining trend in real income. The recession of 1981–2 in the industrial countries and the debt crisis that erupted in the summer of 1982 had much to do with the sharp turnaround in the economic well-being of Latin America in the 1980s. But the 1990s saw substantial improvement as economic reforms were adopted, some debt relief was obtained and capital inflows increased greatly. The Mexican crisis of 1994–5 had a ‘tequila effect’ on a number of countries in the hemisphere. In 1997 and 1998, some nations in Latin America felt the effects of the ‘Asian flu’ — the financial and economic crisis in the East Asian countries — as capital inflows slackened. They tightened their monetary policies, thereby slowing their economies somewhat. Nevertheless, 1997 and the first half of 1998 saw the most favourable combination of relatively high growth and low inflation in many years.
The Technical Communicator as (Post-Postmodern) Discourse Worker

This article reexamines Henry’s 2006 proposal for training technical communicators as “discourse workers,” as a solution within a certain postmodern problematic, in which changing economic conditio...
Analysis of performance-limiting defects in pn junction GaAs solar cells grown by water-mediated close-spaced vapor transport epitaxy

Abstract Precursor and substrate costs currently limit the adoption of III-V photovoltaics for large scale manufacturing. Here, we use water-mediated close-spaced vapor transport (CSVT) to produce homojunction GaAs devices with pressed GaAs powder as an alternative to expensive gas-phase precursors. These unpassivated devices reach Voc >910 mV, demonstrating the plausibility of CSVT as an alternative method for growth of III-V epitaxial films for photovoltaic devices. We find that Zn-doping of the absorber films decreases after a number of growths cycles using a single source, which suggests an alternative transport agent should be investigated for p-type doping. Performance of these solar cells is largely limited by formation of macroscopic surface defects which we find to be caused by particulate transfer from the source material and the formation of oxide phases during growth. We present strategies for mitigating these defects and improving device performance.
Survey analysis for CCK-HIDA scans as indicative means to perform cholecystectomy.

2712 Objectives The purpose of this research was to propose a questionnaire/survey after a cholecystokinin Tc99m labeled hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (CCK- HIDA) scan that can assist an attending physician with the recommendation of cholecystectomy. CCK is used to artificially contract the gallbladder giving an ejection fraction. Normally, ejection fraction (EF) percentages below 35% are used as the primary indication to proceed with a cholecystectomy. However, it is possible that a patient can report a normal EF and still be symptomatic of some gallbladder defect. Methods Methods: Research was performed on patients that were administered CCK during a HIDA scan. Survey questions were made based on patients that had chronic cholecystitis, hyperkinetic gallbladder, or biliary dyskinesia symptoms with normal ejection fractions. Based on reports from primary literature of CCK-HIDA scans the questionnaire is as follows: During the CCK-HIDA portion of the scan did you (the patient) feel any different? Explain. Were there any reoccurring symptoms during the scan similar to those experienced in the past? On a general scale of 1 to 10 how much pain were/are you (the patient) in? Based on the pains that you (the patient) have been experiencing, how would you rate the pain, if any, during the scan? (Less than normal, normal, greater than normal). Where are you experiencing this pain? Results Results: There were not enough patients that fit the requirements of having a normal EF and suffering biliary discomfort to generate an adequate data section. Conclusions Conclusion: The results from this questionnaire/survey can help the patient’s physician further understand what may, or may not, be occurring in a patient whose diagnosis includes the possibility of gallbladder disease or dysfunction. Current research shows that patients that have normal gallbladder ejection fractions (>35%) can show symptoms of gallbladder discomfort which ultimately results in the removal of the gallbladder.
Colloidal Processing of Stucturally Reliable Si3N4

The interpaiticle potentials developed in a ceramic system govern the theological behavior of both the slurry and the consolidated body. Proper control over these potentials allows for the reduction of strength degrading flaws and new forming methods. Post-consolidation shaping of a saturated ceramic body requires a body rheology which is plastic. A plastic, clay-like rheology not only allows complex shaping without the concern of density gradients but also eliminates the problem of stress induced cracking due to the release of forming pressures. Short-range repulsive potentials that persist during packing result in consolidated bodies which are plastic. Three methods of producing short-range repulsive potentials in silicon nitride systems have been investigated. As demonstrated previously for Al2O3 systems, the addition of salt to dispersed Si3N4 slurries is shown to produce a short-range repulsion not predicted by classic DLVO theory. Microencapsulation of Si3N4 with Al2O3 has also been performed in order to mimic the behavior of the Al2O3 powder. Steric stabilization of Si3N4 by either chem- or phys-adsorbed hydrocarbon chains also results in a short-chain repulsive potential. The existence of the potential is demonstrated by viscosity and packing density measurements which show a difference between systems described above and systems in which only van der Waals attraction operates. Only in the case of chem-adsorbed hydrocarbon chains has the short-range repulsion been seen to persist during packing. As a result, only bodies consolidated from these slurries exhibit plastic behavior.
P219 Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) not detected at autopsy in infant with ABO incompatible (ABOI) cardiac transplant despite increased levels of C1Q+ donor-specific antibodies (DSA) and possible previously-detected antibody-mediated rejection

A 4 mo male with complex congenital heart disease underwent ABOi transplantation (tx) (patient O+, donor AB+). Patient received multiple transfusions, but DSA were absent (PRA 0% pre-tx). Flow XM were negative. Patient underwent intra-operative plasma exchange for ABOi, and post-tx titers never exceeded 1:32. Chronic lung disease with poly-viral bronchiolitis worsened by tracheobronchomalacia complicated the clinical course, but cardiac function remained good. 6 m post-tx biopsy showed no evidence of acute cellular rejection (ACR) and/or vasculitis, but diffuse C4d staining was noted. Multiple C1q+ DSA developed (Table). Patient received IVIg and rituximab for possible AMR. Biopsy one month later showed only focal C4d presence, but still without signs of vascular injury or ACR. Patient continued with good graft function, though, respiratory problems persisted. He presented in the winter (13 m post-tx) with difficulty breathing and possible aspiration, with subsequent respiratory arrest leading to cardiac arrest, and failed resuscitation efforts. At autopsy, the tx heart showed no signs of AMR or vasculitis, but ACR (ISHLT Grade 3R) and severe allograft vasculopathy were present. Observations: 1) Multiple pre-tx transfusions prime patients to develop DSA and possible risks for post-tx acute AMR, 2) possible acute AMR appears to have been successfully treated, 3) but, ACR and vasculopathy developed despite the treatment and adequate prophylaxis, and 4) cardiac compromise through ACR and vasculopathy likely contributed to the patient’s demise. Additionally, we wonder whether the combination of patient anti-A and -B antibodies may have further adversely contributed to the cardiac compromise, despite previous reports. Conclusions: Patients with multiple pre-tx transfusions may be at higher risk for acute AMR and early development of vasculopathy, especially in the ABOi setting. Treatment for AMR may not be effective to prevent ACR and vasculopathy. Antibodies detected by C1q may have worse pathologic consequences.
Observations of Raccoon (Procyon lotor) Predation on the Invasive Maculata Apple Snail (Pomacea maculata) in Southern Louisiana

Abstract We used camera traps to determine which predators were responsible for depredated Pomacea maculata (Maculata Apple Snail) shells at 2 different study sites. Evidence of predation at these sites included operculums near the shells with a small amount of flesh attached and shells accumulating a meter or more from the water's edge with no evidence of recent flooding. In both locations, the most frequently observed potential predators were Procyon lotor (Raccoon), which was the only species directly observed capturing and eating Apple Snails.
Stress compensation in an extended series of lanthanide 2-sulfonatoterephthalates [Ln(TPSO3)(H2O)2]n (Ln = Ce − Lu, except Pm)

Abstract Thirteen lanthanide sulfonatoterephthalates, [Ln(TPSO 3 )(H 2 O) 2 ] n (TPSO 3 = sulfonatoterephthalate, C 8 H 3 O 7 S 3− ), with Ln = Ce − Lu, except Pm , as well as [Y(TPSO 3 )(H 2 O) 2 ] n were obtained via hydrothermal syntheses. All materials are isotypic and crystallize in the triclinic crystal system with space group P 1 ¯ . They assemble as two-dimensional (2D) layers that are further tied into three-dimensional (3D) networks via hydrogen bonding. The compounds possess LnO 9 coordination polyhedra, which further assemble as Ln 2 O 16 clusters via edge sharing of two oxygen atoms being supplied by two sulfonato-groups. TPSO 3 -spacers interlink the coordination polyhedra along the b -axis, while carboxylate groups connect adjacent Ln 3+ -ions in the c -direction. The resulting 2D-layers are tied together along the a -axis via hydrogen bonds between coordinated water molecules and two oxygen atoms of the sulfonato-substituents. When plotted versus the ionic radii, the cell parameters, especially the cell volume, show a linear decline between Ce and Tm. We further characterized these materials utilizing elemental analyses, powder X-ray diffraction, and FT-IR spectroscopy.
High-k and low-loss electromagnetic composites for direct digital manufacturing of mmWave devices

Electromagnetic (EM) composite materials for direct digital manufacturing (DDM) technologies are presented. A cyclo olefin polymer (COP) thermoplastic matrix reinforced by sintered MgCaTiO2 micro-fillers has been prepared and characterized up to 67 GHz (V band). Pure COP exhibits a relative permittivity of 2.1 and a loss tangent below 0.0011 up to 67 GHz. Moreover, 30 vol. % COP-MgCaTiO2 composites exhibit a relative permittivity of 4.88 and a loss tangent below 0.0070 at 66 GHz. Evidently these newly developed polymer-ceramic composites are well suited for applications at the mmWave frequencies and can be adopted to 3D printing technologies.
Energetic Constraints on the ITCZ Position in Idealized Simulations With a Seasonal Cycle

The atmospheric energy budget has recently been shown to provide powerful constraints on the position and shifts of the zonal and annual mean intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), which lies close to the latitude of zero vertically integrated energy transport (energy flux equator, EFE). Relatively little work has however explored the applicability of the energetic framework to ITCZ shifts on shorter timescales. This study investigates to what extent the EFE tracks the ITCZ on subseasonal timescales in idealized aquaplanet simulations with different mixed layer depths. It is shown that the ITCZ always lags the EFE, even in the simulation with the shallowest mixed layer depth, making it possible for the EFE and the ITCZ to reside on opposite sides of the equator. At these times, which occur as the winter cross‐equatorial Hadley circulation retreats from the summer hemisphere, the required energy balance is achieved not through shifts of the Hadley cell's ascending branch and ITCZ to track the EFE but through changes in the cell's vertical structure into one of negative gross moist stability (GMS). For any given position of the ascending branch, the winter cell is much weaker as it retreats from than as it expands into the summer hemisphere and develops a shallow return flow at mid‐to‐lower tropospheric levels where the moist static energy reaches its minimum, hence favoring a negative GMS. It is argued that the asymmetry between the expanding and retreating phases of the winter Hadley cell is linked to the nonlinear seasonal evolution of near‐surface temperatures.
Exploring the Telepsychiatry Experience: Primary Care Provider Perception of the Michigan Child Collaborative Care (MC3) Program.

Background Pediatric mental healthcare is a growing component of primary care practice. However, there is a lack of access to mental health services, particularly those provided by Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists. The Michigan Child Collaborative Care (MC3) Program is a telepsychiatry service that offers embedded behavioral health consultants within primary care practices, telephonic consultation, video consultation and embedded care. Primary care provider (PCP) utilization of telepsychiatry services is predicated on perceiving the consultation service as user-friendly, helpful, and feasible in their practice. Objective A survey of PCPs was conducted over a 5-year period to assess PCP attitudes and perceptions regarding MC3 consultation, including measures of efficiency, user-friendliness, and confidence in providing mental healthcare. The survey contained 4 items, (2 quantitative and 2 qualitative), and took less than 2 minutes to complete. Results 649 responses were received out of 1475 possible responses (44% response rate). Common themes elicited from the qualitative items included perception of improved patient care for youth with mental illness (45.3%), improved comfort and confidence in caring for youth with mental illness (30.9%), greater comfort with the prescribing and monitoring of psychotropics (25.9%) and improved access to mental healthcare for youth (23.1%). PCPs strongly agreed that MC3 was user-friendly, efficient, and enhanced their confidence in managing pediatric mental health concerns. Conclusions This study demonstrates that the MC3 Telepsychiatry Program is well accepted by PCPs with self-reported improvements in providing mental healthcare to patients. Future research should explore how PCP perception impacts PCP practice, knowledge, as well as outcomes for patients and families longitudinally.
Incidence and predictors of all-cause mortality within one year after adult spinal deformity surgery

Background: Surgery for adult spinal deformity (ASD) can significantly improve quality of life but is associated with significant risk of morbidity. Among the most devastating potential complications after these operations is death. The current study aims to report the incidence, preoperative factors, and postoperative complications associated with all-cause mortality within 1 year following ASD surgery. Methods: Adults who underwent thoracolumbar spinal deformity correction between 2008 and 2014 were identified in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database. Demographic characteristics were extracted. The primary outcome was death within 1 year of ASD surgery. Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding factors, followed by univariate/multivariable logistic regression to predict the odds of death within 1 year of ASD surgery. Results: A total of 6,158 patients underwent ASD surgery and 61 (0.99%) died within one year of surgery. Preoperative factors: controlling for age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score and postoperative complications, four independent risk factors were associated with all-cause mortality within 1 year of ASD surgery: increased age (OR =1.03; 95% CI, 1.01–1.06; P=0.012), ASA score (OR =4.32; 95% CI, 2.68–6.94; P Discussion: Death after elective ASD surgery is a devastating yet uncommon event with an incidence of 1%. Preoperative factors of age, ASA score, cancer history, and unexpected weight loss, along with postoperative complications of pneumonia, DVT, and unplanned intubation were independently associated with all-cause mortality within 1 year of ASD surgery. Interestingly, the potentially more severe complications of sepsis, PE, and MI did not independently predict death.
The Wisdom of Michelangelo’s Creation of Adam

Since the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel has been cleaned, numerous scholarly articles and books1 have been written about the wonderful things revealed: the brilliant hues, the subtlety of the color of modeling, the persuasiveness of the details, the working in of the pentimenti. But I can assure you that no one has written either about whether the Sistine Chapel exists or not, or whether Michelangelo or Julius II ever existed. On the other hand, in the clamorous debates about the efficacy of the cleaning, there has been discussion aplenty about the topics Professor Tymieniecka suggested for our meeting: “verifiability, falsity, illusion, deceit,” and especially about its “adequacy to the truth” of Michelangelo’s work. In the words of the most outspoken critic of the recent cleaning, James Beck, the Sistine Chapel ceiling has always been: one of those awesome human efforts that tends to defy total analysis. To compound this difficulty of interpretation, no contemporary evidence offering insight into Michelangelo’s and Julius’s intentions survives. Michelangelo never wrote about the project specifically, either out of pur poseful secretiveness or such nonchalance that it never occurred to the artist that clues would be priceless nuggets to later commentators.2
Molecular light scattering by pure seawater

The general theory of the molecular scattering, and the scattering by water and seawater in particular, will be reviewed. For a pure liquid, free from any foreign particles, the statistical thermal motion of the molecules gives rise to the scattering of light. The resultant fluctuation of the density of the water and fluctuation in the orientations of the water molecules bring about fluctuation of the optical dielectric constant, which in turn causes scattering.
Use of biologic response modifiers for the management of ocular inflammatory conditions

Ocular inflammatory conditions can be challenging to manage due to their prolonged and complicated nature. While the mainstay treatment for most cases is oral or topical corticosteroids, it is very important that physicians know how other medications such as biologic response modifiers (biologics) could be used in certain cases. Through illustrative cases, we discuss how treatment with biologics can be helpful in the management of three challenging patients with ocular inflammatory conditions. We review and discuss, (1) a 60-year-old male with granulomatosis with polyangiitis and bilateral anterior scleritis who required rituximab; (2) a 25-year-old male with refractory, idiopathic, bilateral chronic panuveitis and retinal vasculitis, which was controlled with adalimumab after treatment failure with oral and topical corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and methotrexate; and (3) a 44-year-old female with unilateral blindness and juvenile psoriatic arthritis-related intermediate uveitis, who required adalimumab to control her complication of persistent macular edema. These cases highlight the considerations that are required when clinicians are faced with the need to commence biologic therapy for patients with refractory ocular inflammation.
Enhancing Lifetime of PCM-Based Main Memory with Efficient Recovery of Stuck-at Faults

Among several nonvolatile memory (NVM) candidates, PCM is selected as an attractive replacement to DRAM and comes with both challenges and opportunities. It has beautiful characteristics like non-volatility, better scalability, and lower leakage power. However, limited write endurance is the main burden toward its adoption in practice. It means that after a certain number of writes, some memory cells permanently stuck at either '0' or '1'. To solve this problem and provide strong fault tolerant system, some recovery techniques with minimal storage overhead are required. In this work, we propose a recovery mechanism that relies on static partitioning of a data block into some small number of groups and spreading out faults across the groups uniformly. We then exploit inversion mechanism along with shifting mechanism to continue the use of the failed cell with stuck-at value. So, our proposed method can recover multi bit stuck at faults per partition. Compare to the existing mechanisms, our experimental results for multi-threaded workloads reveal considerable improvement in lifetime and the number of recoverable failures per data block
Chemotherapy outcomes for unresectable and metastatic biliary tract cancers (BTC): Role of fluoropyrimidine (FP) chemotherapy—A retrospective analysis.

e15623Background: Unresectable and metastatic BTC portend very poor overall survival (OS), with historical OS less than 1.5 years. Gemcitabine (G) and cisplatin (C) combination has become the stand...
Airport Expansion and Endangered Bats: Development and Mitigation Actions Near the Indianapolis International Airport:

Economic prosperity and globalization are major drivers for development of international airports, but aviation-oriented businesses and residential developments are a by-product of airport business...
Signaling Functions of Extracellular Hsp90 (eHsp90) in Cancer Metastasis

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a highly conserved eukaryotic molecular chaperone. Hsp90 is abundantly expressed in normal cells, and even more abundant in cancer cells, from which it is also secreted. Homeostatic and cancer-supporting roles for intracellular Hsp90 have both been identified. Hsp90 in the extracellular space (extracellular Hsp90, or eHsp90) has been shown to support each step during cancer progression, and could potentially be targeted in order to safely prevent metastasis without affecting critical intracellular functions of Hsp90. This chapter will highlight pro-metastatic signaling functions of eHsp90.
ESRA19-0081 The association of primary anesthesia type with postoperative adverse events following minimally invasive transcarotid artery revascularization

Background and aims The anesthesia literature remains sparse regarding influence of primary anesthesia type with adverse events following minimally invasive transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR). the objective was to report the association of primary anesthesia type with 30-day adverse events following TCAR. Methods The Carotid Artery Stent – Targeted Participant User File was merged with American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program registry from 2012 to 2016. the primary exposure was anesthesia type (regional/MAC versus general anesthesia). Primary endpoint was 30-day mortality. Secondary 30-day endpoints included pulmonary, renal, and cardiac complications, sepsis, DVT, stroke, transfusion, thrombosis of ipsilateral carotid vessel, reoperation. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of anesthesia type with adverse events. as patients are not identifiable, this study was exempt from approval by our institutional review board (UCSD IRB). Results Final analysis included 625 patients. the prevalence of regional anesthesia/MAC was 73.4%. We observed a 93% decrease in the odds of 30-day mortality (p=0.003) in patients who received regional anesthesia/MAC. Mean [SD] hospital stay (2.99 [5.92] days versus 4.30 [9.15] days, p=0.037) and case duration (88.45 [39.48] minutes versus 105.85 [63.77] minutes, p Conclusions The majority of studies on this topic pertain to carotid endarterectomy patients, this analysis sheds light on outcomes following TCAR. Overall, we urge further risk stratification and pre-procedural optimization to carefully select patients who may undergo regional/MAC.
Pathogenesis-related Proteins

The survival of higher plants is dependent upon their ability to adapt to stress. Accordingly, plants have evolved to respond to stress by altering their normal patterns of gene expression (Sachs and Ho, 1986) and physiology. Adverse conditions that affect a plant’s homeostasis are caused by environmental factors such as temperature, water, salt, mechanical damage (wounding), chemicals, uv light, and the interaction with pathogenic organism.
Effects of Process Gas Pressure and Type on Oxygen Content in Sintered Titanium Produced using Jet-Milled Titanium Hydride Powders

Titanium hydride powders are increasingly being used to produce titanium components via powder metallurgy processes due to their improvements in densification over titanium metal powders. Since the oxygen content plays a significant role in the mechanical properties of titanium alloys, understanding how powder preparation techniques, such as milling, affect the final oxygen content is key. In this work, titanium hydride powders were milled through jet milling using air, nitrogen, and argon gas at various processing pressures. The oxygen content in the sintered powders is shown to be mostly dependent on the specific surface area, which is mainly affected by the grinding pressure. The type of gas used was also found to have an effect on the oxygen content, but the dependence was small.
Vector competence of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu stricto for Anaplasma platys.

Anaplasma platys is a Gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacteria that causes canine infectious cyclic thrombocytopenia in dogs. The brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato is presumed to be the vector of A. platys based on the overlap in distribution of R. sanguineus and A. platys infections, detection of A. platys DNA in both flat and engorged field-collected R. sanguineus, and the fact that dogs are primary hosts of both brown dog ticks and A. platys. However, the only study evaluating the vector competence of R. sanguineus for A. platys under controlled laboratory conditions reported an apparent inability of ticks to acquire or maintain the pathogen. In 2016, engorged female Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu stricto ticks were collected off dogs to start a laboratory tick colony. After one generation of colony maintenance on tick-naive and pathogen-free New Zealand White rabbits, a rabbit used to feed F1 adults seroconverted to Anaplasma phagocytophilum antigen. PCR and subsequent DNA sequencing identified the presence of A. platys in both the adult ticks fed on this rabbit and their resulting F2 progenies. Retrospective testing of all previous (P and F1) life stages of this colony demonstrated that the infection originated from one field-collected A. platys-infected female whose progeny was propagated in the laboratory and produced the PCR-positive F1 adults. Over the following (F2-F4) generations, the prevalence of A. platys in this colony reached 90-100 % indicating highly efficient transovarial and horizontal transmission, as well as transstadial maintenance, of this pathogen by R. sanguineus s.s.
A quantitative study of retention and release of deuterium and tritium during irradiation of γ-LiAlO2 pellets

Abstract This study reports on the quantification of deuterium in ion-irradiated γ-LiAlO2 pellets as a function of dose and temperature. The γ-LiAlO2 pellets were sequentially irradiated with He+ and D2+ ions to the same fluences of 5 × 1016, 1 × 1017 and 2 × 1017 He+ + D+/cm2 at 188 K. Additional irradiation was performed to 1 × 1017, 2 × 1017 and 4 × 1017 He+ + D+/cm2 at 573 K. A set of the pellets irradiated at 188 K was shipped and stored at low temperatures from 80 to 132 K and characterized using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry at ~173 K. The deuterium depth profiles show a Gaussian-like distribution in the low-temperature pellets. The total deuterium retention is found to be directly proportional to the ion fluence. About 27 at.% of the implanted deuterium atoms were released from the pellet irradiated to 2 × 1017 He+ + D+/cm2 at 188 K during storage at room temperature for ~1 month. The measured deuterium retention is found to increase initially with ion fluence and tend to saturate at high fluences during ion irradiation at 573 K. The amount of the released deuterium is observed to be quantitatively consistent with that of the released tritium from the standard pellets during neutron irradiation at 573 K.
Extra-axillary nodal metastases in breast cancer: comparison of ultrasound, MRI, PET/CT, and CT.

Abstract Purpose To evaluate how ultrasound (US), MRI, PET/CT, and CT predict extra-axillary nodal metastases. Subjects and methods This IRB approved, retrospective study consisted of 124 suspicious supraclavicular and 88 internal mammary (IM) nodal cases with US and at least one additional cross-sectional examination (MRI, PET/CT or CT) from a total of 1472 invasive cancers with staging nodal US between January 2016–January 2019. Imaging findings were compared with the true node status, determined by fine needle aspirate (FNA) biopsy or evidence of response to chemotherapy on follow up imaging. Results In the supraclavicular region, US had accuracy 98.2%, consisting of 97 true positives (TP), 27 false positives (FP), and 1348 true negative (TN). 93.5% of suspicious supraclavicular nodes had FNA for a PPV 78.2%. PET/CT had accuracy 88.6% (26 TP, 5 TN and 4 false negatives (FN)). CT exams had accuracy 61.7% (42 TP, 16 TN, 7 FP, and 29 FN). In the IM region, US had accuracy 93.2% (82 TP, 1 FP, 5 FN, and 1384 TN) but only 43.2% of suspicious IM nodes had FNA for a PPV 98.8%. MRI had accuracy 100.0% (all 47 TP). PET/CT exams had accuracy 96.8% (30 TP and 1FN). CT exams had accuracy 62.7% (36 TP, 1 TN, and 22 FN). Conclusion US/FNA has accuracy 98.2% and 93.2% in the supraclavicular and IM regions, however only 43.2% of suspicious IM nodes are directly sampled. In these cases, MRI or PET/CT can be used to problem solve and guide treatment decisions.
An Unusual Foreign Body-Caused Chondral Lesion of the Talar Dome: A Case Report.

CASE A patient presented with chronic ankle pain and instability. Imaging revealed a talar osteochondral lesion as well as intra-articular loose bodies. Intraoperatively, an unusual, well-demarcated chondral defect was found. A glass fragment was also identified in the joint. The patient subsequently recalled a minor ankle laceration from a shattered glass bottle, suggesting unrecognized foreign body retention as the cause of the cartilage damage. CONCLUSION This is the first reported example of glass migrating into the ankle joint, leading to significant cartilage damage. This case highlights the elusive nature of foreign bodies and the difficulty of diagnosis with standard imaging.
Comparing Plastic Surgeon Operative Time for DIEP Flap Breast Reconstruction: 2-stage More Efficient than 1-stage?

The deep inferior epigastric perforator flap for breast reconstruction is associated with lengthy operative times that remain an issue for plastic surgeons today. The main objective of this study was to determine if a 2-stage deep inferior epigastric perforator flap reconstruction resulted in a shorter total plastic surgeon operative time compared with an immediate reconstruction. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted on all patients who underwent deep inferior epigastric perforator flap breast reconstruction from February 2013 to July 2020 by the senior author. Patient demographics, medical comorbidities, mastectomy characteristics, expander placement, reconstructive procedures, operative time, and complications were tabulated. Results The study included a total of 128 patients. For immediate/1-stage flap reconstruction, average operative times for the plastic surgeon were 427.0 minutes for unilateral procedures, and 506.3 minutes for bilateral procedures. For delayed/2-stage reconstruction, average combined plastic surgeon operative times were 351.1 minutes for unilateral expander followed by flap reconstruction (75.9 minutes shorter than immediate unilateral, P = 0.007), and 464.8 minutes for bilateral reconstruction (41.5 minutes shorter than immediate bilateral, P = 0.04). Total patient time under anesthesia was longer for 2-staged bilateral reconstruction (P = 0.0001), but did not differ significantly for unilateral reconstruction. Complications between immediate and delayed groups were not significantly different. Conclusions We found that staged reconstruction over 2 procedures resulted in a significant reduction in operative time for the plastic surgeon for both unilateral and bilateral reconstruction. With amenable breast surgeons and patients, the advantages of controlling scheduling and the operating room may encourage plastic surgeons to consider performing free flap reconstruction in a delayed fashion.