cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
To be or not to be: long-QT syndrome type 9.

Congenital long-QT syndrome (LQTS) is a rare heritable disorder that is associated with a high risk of syncope and sudden cardiac death. Since 1996, LQTS has been categorized based on mutations to genes that encode cardiac ion channel subunits or proteins that modulate ionic currents in the heart. The most common LQTS gene mutations involve KCNQ1 (LQT1), KCNH2 (LQT2), and SCN5A (LQT3). Multiple other rare gene mutations have been identified and postulated to cause LQTS (LQT4–LQT13). However, in some cases, the identified mutations are part of a more complex clinical disorder (ie, LQT7 and LQT8) and may not be part of the LQTS in the classical sense. In other cases, such as LQT9, there are limited data supporting a causative link between a mutation and LQTS. Article see p 452 The CAV3 gene encodes an integral membrane protein called caveolin 3. Caveolins play an important role in signal transduction and vesicular transport within cells. Mutations to CAV3 have been found to cause diseases of both skeletal and cardiac muscle. Furthermore, mutations to CAV3 were recently identified as rare, potentially disease-causing mutations in a series of patients referred for LQTS genetic testing.1 In 2006, Vatta et al1 reported finding 1 of 4 novel CAV3 mutations (T78M, A85T, F97C, and S141R) in 6 (0.7%) of 904 unrelated patients. Cellular electrophysiological characterization of 2 of these mutations (F97C and S141R) revealed that the mutations resulted in as much as a 4-fold increase in the late sodium current (INaL). Based on the recognition that …
Ischemia/reperfusion-induced disruption of rat small intestine transit is reversed by total enteral nutrition

Abstract OBJECTIVES: A reduced blood flow to the gut is a consistent event after traumatic shock. Enteral nutrition support has been shown to reduce the septic morbidity after major trauma. We evaluated the effects of a transient ischemia followed by reperfusion (I/R) and an enteral nutrition support regimen on the motility of the small intestine of the rat. METHODS: A catheter was placed in the upper duodenum and the small intestine was then made ischemic by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 45 min; the arteries of sham rats were isolated but not clamped. Intestinal transit was evaluated by measuring the amount of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (12 000 MW) in each of 10 intestinal sections at 30 min after injection through the duodenal catheter. The mean geometric center of marker distribution (MGC) was calculated for each group and compared. In a second study, I/R was followed by infusion of saline or a complete nutrient solution overnight, and transit was determined. RESULTS: Intestinal transit (as the MGC) of I/R rats at 24 h after the beginning of reperfusion (3.5 ± 0.2) and 48 h after the beginning of reperfusion (4.5 ± 1.1) was significantly lower than that in the respective sham controls (5.1 ± 0.3 and 5.9 ± 0.5). The MGC for rats receiving a nutrient solution overnight during the reperfusion phase (6.0 ± 1.1) was significantly increased compared with the MGC of 4.8 ± 0.3 for rats receiving saline during the same period. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate a long-term deleterious effect of a non-lethal ischemia on intestinal transit and may be one explanation for many of the sequelae occurring after ischemia. In addition, these results demonstrate that a nutrient infusion will prevent the delayed transit. This may provide a partial explanation for the beneficial effects of total enteral nutrition in the clinical situation of posttraumatic injury.
Picosecond pulse generation on CMOS: Design beyond transistor limits

Nonlinear transmission media can be used for high amplitude, narrow pulse generation. We developed the theory of pulse generation in one- and two-dimensional transmission lattices. We used a conventional CMOS process to fabricate these lattices. Using these structures, it is possible to generate signals with a bandwidth of more than the cut-off frequency of the fastest transistor on the same process. We showed a 2-D nonlinear lattice that can generate pulses as narrow as 1psec with an amplitude of more than 3V by using nonlinear constructive interference in a conventional 130nm CMOS process.
The simplest semidefinite programs are trivial

We consider optimization problems of the following type: $$\min\left\{\mbox{tr}CX\COLON AX = B, X \quad \mbox{positive semidefinite}\right\}.$$ Here, tr· denotes the trace operator, C and X are symmetric n × n matrices, B is a symmetric m × m matrix and A· denotes a linear operator. Such problems are called semidefinite programs and have recently become the object of considerable interest due to important connections with max-min eigenvalue problems and with new bounds for integer programming. In the context of symmetric matrices, the simplest linear operators have the following form: $$AX = MXM^T,$$ where M is an arbitrary m × n matrix. In this paper, we show that for such linear operators the optimization problem is trivial in the sense that an explicit solution can be given.
Facility monitoring of chemical warfare agent simulants in air using an automated, field-deployable, miniature mass spectrometer

Vapors of four chemical warfare agent (CWA) stimulants, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), diethyl malonate (DEM), dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), and methyl salicylate (MeS), were detected, identified, and quantitated using a fully automated, field-deployable, miniature mass spectrometer. Samples were ionized using a glow discharge electron ionization (GDEI) source, and ions were mass analyzed with a cylindrical ion trap (CIT) mass analyzer. A dual-tube thermal desorption system was used to trap compounds on 50:50 Tenax TA/Carboxen 569 sorbent before their thermal release. The sample concentrations ranged from low parts per billion [ppb] to two parts per million [ppm]. Limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.26 to 5.0 ppb. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves are presented for each analyte. A sample of CEES at low ppb concentration was combined separately with two interferents, bleach (saturated vapor) and diesel fuel exhaust (1%), as a way to explore the capability of detecting the simulant in an environmental matrix. Also investigated was a mixture of the four CWA simulants (at concentrations in air ranging from 270 to 380 ppb). Tandem mass (MS/MS) spectral data were used to identify and quantify the individual components.
Effects of thymectomy in human oncogenesis

The function of the thymus in the immunologic interactions between tumors and the host remains obscure, but ample experimental and clinical evidence indicates that both the presence of thymic abnormalities and the removal of the thymus have a crucial role in the development of extrathymic tumors. Thymic pathology is often present in diseases with increased risk of neoplasia, while following experimental thymectomy there is a marked alteration in the growth of neoplasms. Of considerable interest, because of the potential for clinical application, are the reports indicating that thymectomy may have an inhibitory effect on the development of neoplasms.
Petrologic Significance of Low Heat Flow on the Flanks of Slow-Spreading Midocean Ridges

A compilation of heat flow versus age of oceanic crust about all the midocean ridges demonstrates that low heat-flow anomalies associated with the crest and flanks appear to occur only on slow-spreading ridges. Such crestal anomalies are probably caused by large-scale hydrothermal circulation in fractures throughout the newly formed oceanic crust, which results in rapid cooling of the crestal zone and hydration of the crust. Away from the crest, sediments seal the fractures and circulation stops. The crust then begins to heat until it reaches equilibrium with the conductively cooling mantle, after which it cools with the rest of the lithospheric plate. If, however, the crust heats to above the equilibrium stability temperature for its hydrous assemblage, dehydration occurs, absorbing enough heat to produce the observed low heat flow on the flanks of these slow-spreading ridges.
Linear Learning Models for Two-Party Negotiations

Three mathematical models of two-party bargaining are developed. Each of them is based on the Bush-Mosteller linear operator model of learning. The first model includes an assumption that the probability a negotiator is cooperative is subject to Bush-Mosteller learning. The second model is basically the same as the first, except learning is assumed to depend on the reward from the other and the type of stimulus (in the form of an offer) he presents. The third model assumes that the conditional probability the negotiator is cooperative given his last offer and that of the other party is subject to learning modification. The three models were tested by having nine experimental groups of fifty subjects each negotiate with a preprogrammed stooge. The data were used to estimate the models' parameters. Computer simulations of the bargaining based on the models and their estimated parameters were run. The results of the simulations were compared with the experimental data. The simulations based on first and thir...
Incentive Compatible MAC-Layer QoS Design

The implementation of QoS provisioning at the MAC layer requires users to classify their traffic into QoS categories. In realistic scenarios where users are selfish and interested in maximizing their own utility, users may have an interest in misrepresenting the QoS category of their traffic. We examine a simplified model for IEEE 802.11e networks in which channel access can be obtained via random access or polling. Using concepts from game theory, we show that a polling based incentive mechanism can stimulate users to truthfully report the QoS category of their traffic. Furthermore, we show that our incentive mechanism improves the system capacity, in terms of the number of QoS constrained users that can be admitted, when users are strategic.
Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on metabolic indices, body composition, and bone turnover in healthy elderly women

We conducted a controlled trial of recombinant human GH (rhGH) in 27 healthy elderly women (66.7 +/- 3.0 yr), of whom 8 took a stable dose of replacement estrogen throughout the study (plus estrogen group). Hormone or placebo was given as a single daily injection. A total of 19 women were assigned to receive rhGH at an initial daily dose of 0.043 mg/kg BW. After several weeks, 50% dose reductions were necessitated by side-effects. The last 7 subjects to be enrolled began treatment at this reduced level. A total of 13 women assigned to rhGH and 14 women assigned to placebo completed 6 months of drug treatment. In the rhGH group, 6 women took estrogen; thus, the effects of rhGH were assessed separately by estrogen status. Circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels were similar at baseline (rhGH, 133 +/- 40.4 micrograms/L; placebo, 128 +/- 13). rhGH increased IGF-I and IGF-I-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in all subjects [6 month IGF-I in plus estrogen women, 230 +/- 25.4 micrograms/L; in those not receiving estrogen (minus estrogen), 308 +/- 21.3]. No changes in IGF-I or IGFBP-3 occurred with placebo (IGF-I, 144 +/- 21.3 micrograms/L). Skinfold thickness measurements showed an 11% decrease in fat mass (P < 0.005) and a 9% decrease in percent fat after 6 months of rhGH treatment. No significant difference in nitrogen balance was seen in either group at 6 months, but rhGH increased creatinine clearance by 9.2% (P < 0.05). rhGH dramatically increased markers of bone turnover, with more pronounced effects in minus estrogen women. Hydroxyproline excretion increased by 20% and 80%, and pyridinoline excretion increased by 44% and 75% in plus and minus estrogen subgroups, respectively. Osteocalcin concentrations increased by more than 60% in minus estrogen women (P < 0.05), but did not change in the plus estrogen group. No changes were observed in circulating type I procollagen extension peptide in either group, and no change in any turnover marker was seen in the placebo group. rhGH did not alter blood pressure or circulating L-T4 levels, but a transient increase in serum T3 was observed in the minus estrogen group at 3 months. rhGH decreased low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the minus estrogen group, but otherwise no significant changes in circulating lipoproteins or fibrinogen were observed. Eight women assigned to rhGH and 14 placebo-treated women remained on blinded treatment through 12 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Self-Accountability Emotions and Fear Appeals: Motivating Behavior

We examine the role of high self-accountability emotions in enhancing compliance with fear appeals. In two field experiments, we find that relative to straight fear appeals (negative) or adding hope (positive), which ascribes low accountability to the self, action-facilitative coping, intentions, and behaviors (using sunscreen, eating high fiber foods) are enhanced by adding guilt, regret (both negative), or challenge (positive), all of which induce feelings of high self-accountability. In addition, we find that cold perceptions of high accountability are necessary but insufficient to influence actual behaviors and that the corresponding emotion is an essential driver of behaviors.
User-Generated Content & Virtual Worlds

Many legal commentators have claimed that virtual worlds owe their popularity to their focus on user-generated content and user creativity. While this is true in part and authorial freedom may draw consumers to virtual worlds, user-generated content can also pose risks to virtual world businesses from both an aesthetic and legal perspective. A significant tension exists between permitting participants to create content freely and building a successful virtual environment. In some instances, user-generated content can overwhelm virtual worlds. The future of user-generated content in virtual worlds is not clear, given the significant practical and legal problems that accompany user-generated content.
Consultation via telemedicine and access to operative care for patients with head and neck cancer in a Veterans Health Administration population

Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate a telemedicine model that utilizes an audiovisual teleconference as a preoperative visit. Methods Veterans Health Administration (VHA) patients with head and neck cancer at 2 remote locations were provided access to the Palo Alto Veterans Affairs (PAVA) Health Care System otolaryngology department via the telemedicine protocol: tissue diagnosis and imaging at the patient site; data review at PAVA; and a preoperative teleconference connecting the patient to PAVA. Operative care occurred at PAVA. Follow-up care was provided remotely via teleconference. Results Fifteen patients were evaluated. Eleven underwent surgery, 4 with high-grade neoplasms (carcinoma). Average time from referral to operation was 28 days (range, 17–36 days) and 72 (range, 31–108 days), respectively, for high-grade and low-grade groups. The average patient was spared 28 hours traveling time and $900/patient was saved on travel-related costs. Conclusion A telemedicine model enables timely access to surgical care and permits considerable savings among select VHA patients with head and neck cancer. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 925–929, 2016
An Application for Superelastic Material in a Passive Inertial Damage Sensor for Detection of Conditions Leading to the Accumulation of Hidden Structural Damage Caused by Transient Loading in Aircraft The Conception

The unusual properties of shape memory alloy have long tempted the engineering profession with its apparent possibilities. In this paper an aspect of shape memory, augmented by the property of superelasticity, is considered for use in sensing the occurrence of mechanical disturbances having severity sufficient to cause major damage within airborne structure or electronic modules. Often this damage occurs internally, i.e. below structure surfaces and thus is essentially invisible to inspection techniques that are performed in normal maintenance operations. The concept of a sensor is presented, herein, that can act as a witness to the occurrence of conditions that can produce such structural damage. The sensor, being passive in nature, carries its message in the permanent deformation of internal structure that is to be inspected at convenient intervals, between aircraft flights or after occurrence of seemingly severe aerodynamic or mechanical disturbances are encountered, to indicate the maximum levels of a...
“A man's mouth is his castle”: The midcentury fluoridation controversy and the visceral public

ABSTRACTThis essay forwards a theory of “visceral publics” through a case study of a bitter public health controversy in a small midcentury New England town. Proponents of fluoridation claimed that it yielded significant positive health outcomes, while opponents charged that the measure was politically suspect and physically dangerous. In this essay, I analyze the controversy as it took shape in letters to the editor and argue that the root of opposition to fluoridation was not in political ideology, as scholars have often claimed, but in a perceived threat to the body's boundaries, which created intense feelings. Although visceral publics are most clearly observable in controversies over the boundaries of the human body, the essay concludes by showing how the concept may be applied to controversies over the boundaries of the national body as well.
Examining the Treatment Validation Consultation Model

ABSTRACTThe present article explores the utility and feasibility of treatment validation consultation (TVC). Although evidence exists for behavioral consultation, few findings have been reported for TVC. TVC is based on core components of behavioral consultation, but has several unique characteristics. In this article, TVC is situated within the behavioral consultation literature; one case study is used to demonstrate TVC’s utility and feasibility; and considerations for future TVC research are explored.
p53-interacting protein 53BP2 inhibits clonogenic survival and sensitizes cells to doxorubicin but not paclitaxel-induced apoptosis.

53BP2 was initially identified as a protein interacting with p53 in a yeast two-hybrid screen and subsequently shown to enhance p53 transcriptional transactivation and induce apoptosis when transiently overexpressed in cell lines. In order to further study the biologically relevant effects of 53BP2, we have constructed HEK293 stable cell lines where 53BP2 expression can be regulated using an ecdysone inducible expression system. Our results indicate that the response of cells is dependent on the amount of 53BP2 that is expressed. High levels of 53BP2 expression (⩾140-fold above endogenous) impede cell cycle progression and induce apoptosis. Lower levels of 53BP2 expression (6–11-fold above endogenous) suppress colony formation but do not lead to detectable perturbations in the cell cycle or apoptosis. Lower levels of 53BP2 expression sensitized cells to apoptosis induced by DNA damaging chemotherapy agents doxorubicin, ara-C and VP16, but not microtubule active agents paclitaxel and vinblastine. Our results demonstrate that high levels of 53BP2 expression have profound biological effects ultimately leading to apoptosis, whereas lower levels of 53BP2 expression have more subtle effects on growth and sensitize cells to some chemotherapy agents.
Investigation on enterovirus 71 antibody levels among children in Guangzhou area

Objective To investigate the levels of the enteroovirus 71 and C4 genetype antibody(EV71-lgG) among children in Guangzhou area,and the relationship between EV71-IgG and hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD).Methods EV71 diagnostic antigen was prepared from EV71 C4 genotype samples isolated from children with HFMD in Children's Hospital,Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center to establish the method of diagnostic EV71-IgG kits and laboratory evaluation.Blood samples of healthy children confirmed to be without fever and symptoms of HFMD by physical examinations in our hospital were collected from January to March in 2010 to be tested for EV71-IgG antibody.Swab specimens were collected from outpatient and inpatient children with HFMD in our hospital in 2010 to be tested for specific EV71 nucleic acid.Results ① The cut-off value of kit established by our laborary was 0.148.Compared with the cell neutralization tests,the accordancy rate was 100% for positive rate and 92% for negative rate.There was no cross reaction with Coxsackie A16 virus antibody.②Serum samples were from 819 healthy children,including 481 males and 338 females.EV71-IgG positive rate in children aged under 1 year was the highest(60%,60/100),and EV71-IgG positive rates of-2-year-old,-3-year-old,-4-year-old,-5-year-old and-14-year-old groups were 39.3%(72/183),12.9%(15/116),27.1%(38/140),14.2%(16/113) and 22.8%(38/167).There was no significant difference between different genders.③ A total of 4 780 children with positive EV71 were enrolled,including 3 070 males and 1 718 females.There were 310(6.5%) children in 1-year-old group,1 157(24.2%) in-2-year-old,1 337(28.0%) in-3-year-old,1 094(22.9%) in-4-year-old,450(9.4%) in-5-year-old,432(9.0%) in-14-year-old groups.④ In each group EV71-IgG antibody positive rate was opposite to the tendency of EV71 positive rate.In 1-year-old group,EV71-IgG positive rate was the highest while EV71 positive rate was the lowest.In-3-year-old group,EV71-IgG positive rate was the lowest while EV71 positive rate was the highest.Conclusions In Guangzhou area,EV71-IgG positive rate in children aged under 1 year was the highest.EV71 positive rate was significantly associated with EV71-IgG positive rate.
Test for association of common variants in GRM7 with alcohol consumption.

Recent work using a mouse model has identified the glutamate metabotropic receptor 7 (Grm7) gene as a strong candidate gene for alcohol consumption. Although there has been some work examining the effect of human glutamate metabotropic receptor 7 (GRM7) polymorphisms on human substance use disorders, the majority of the work has focused on other psychiatric disorders such as ADHD, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, panic disorder, and autism spectrum disorders. The current study aimed to evaluate evidence for association between GRM7 and alcohol behaviors in humans using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) approach, as well as a gene-based approach. Using 1803 non-Hispanic European Americans (EAs) (source: the Colorado Center on Antisocial Drug Dependence [CADD]) and 1049 EA subjects from an independent replication sample (source: the Genetics of Antisocial Drug Dependence [GADD]), two SNPs in GRM7 were examined for possible association with alcohol consumption using two family-based association tests implemented in FBAT and QTDT. Rs3749380 was suggestively associated with alcohol consumption in the CADD sample (p = 0.010) with the minor T allele conferring risk. There was no evidence for association in the GADD sample. A gene-based test using four Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) revealed no association between variation in GRM7 and alcohol consumption. This study had several limitations: the SNPs chosen likely do not tag expression quantitative trait loci; a human alcohol consumption phenotype was used, complicating the interpretation with respect to rodent studies that found evidence for a cis-regulatory link between alcohol preference and Grm7; and only common SNPs imputed in all four datasets were included in the gene-based test. These limitations highlight the fact that rare variants, some potentially important common signals in the gene, and regions farther upstream were not examined.
Broadband beamforming of terahertz pulses with a single-chip 4×2 array in silicon

In this paper, a single-chip impulse antenna array is presented that performs spatial combining of picosecond impulses radiated from 8 elements. A new broadband beamforming architecture is introduced that controls the timing of impulses radiated from each antenna by delaying a trigger signal, with resolution steps of 300fsec. This method eliminates the distortive and narrowband effects of delay blocks in conventional phased arrays by separating the delay path from the information path. Frequency domain measurements are performed up to 1.03THz and array directivities of 22dBi at 0.33THz, 25dBi at 0.57THz, and 27dBi at 0.75THz are achieved. The 8-element array is fabricated in a 90nm Silicon Germanium BiCMOS process technology.
Overlapping features of polymyositis and inclusion body myositis in HIV-infected patients.

Objective: To characterize patients with myositis with HIV infection. Methods: All HIV-positive patients with myositis seen at the Johns Hopkins Myositis Center from 2003 to 2013 were included in this case series. Muscle biopsy features, weakness pattern, serum creatine kinase (CK) level, and anti–nucleotidase 1A (NT5C1A) status of HIV-positive patients with myositis were assessed. Results: Eleven of 1,562 (0.7%) patients with myositis were HIV-positive. Myositis was the presenting feature of HIV infection in 3 patients. Eight of 11 patients had weakness onset at age 45 years or less. The mean time from the onset of weakness to the diagnosis of myositis was 3.6 years (SD 3.2 years). The mean of the highest measured CK levels was 2,796 IU/L (SD 1,592 IU/L). On muscle biopsy, 9 of 10 (90%) had endomysial inflammation, 7 of 10 (70%) had rimmed vacuoles, and none had perifascicular atrophy. Seven of 11 (64%) patients were anti-NT5C1A-positive. Upon presentation, all had proximal and distal weakness. Five of 6 (83%) patients followed 1 year or longer on immunosuppressive therapy had improved proximal muscle strength. However, each eventually developed weakness primarily affecting wrist flexors, finger flexors, knee extensors, or ankle dorsiflexors. Conclusions: HIV-positive patients with myositis may present with some characteristic polymyositis features including young age at onset, very high CK levels, or proximal weakness that improves with treatment. However, all HIV-positive patients with myositis eventually develop features most consistent with inclusion body myositis, including finger and wrist flexor weakness, rimmed vacuoles on biopsy, or anti-NT5C1A autoantibodies.
Current Practice and the Future of Deep Brain Stimulation Therapy in Parkinson's Disease.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective therapy for Parkinson's disease patients experiencing motor fluctuations, medication-resistant tremor, and/or dyskinesia. Currently, the subthalamic nucleus and the globus pallidus internus are the two most widely used targets, with individual advantages and disadvantages influencing patient selection. Potential DBS patients are selected using the few existing guidelines and the available DBS literature, and many centers employ an interdisciplinary team review of the individual's risk–benefit profile. Programmed settings vary based on institution- or physician-specific protocols designed to maximize benefits and limit adverse effects. Expectations should be realistic and clearly defined during the evaluation process, and each bothersome symptom should be addressed in the context of building the risk–benefit profile. Current DBS research is focused on improved symptom control, the development of newer technologies, and the improved efficiency of stimulation delivery. Techniques deliver stimulation in a more personalized way, and methods of adaptive DBS such as closed-loop approaches are already on the horizon.
Effect of eight storage modes on DNA preservation

Proper storage procedures are essential for specimens that are to be used for future molecular studies. We tested the performance of eight storage modes for specimens of Balaustium sp. (Acariformes: Erythraeidae) collected on the same day and all fixed in 95% ethanol. In tests after 8 months of storage, all four treatments based on ethanol generated good quality DNA, irrespective of ethanol concentration (75 or 95%) or storage temperature (ambient or -20 ŶC). Fixation in ethanol and continued dry and cold storage performed adequately, but storage in Koenike's fluid, clearing in lactic acid prior to ethanol storage, and use of a lysis buffer, did not generate adequate DNA.
Differential effects of early palliative care based on the age and sex of patients with advanced cancer from a randomized controlled trial.

Background:Early palliative care interventions enhance patient outcomes, including quality of life, mood, and coping, but it remains unclear whether certain subgroups of patients are more likely to...
Revitalizing the English Notion of Specially Qualified Juries: An Approach to Supporting the Right to Trial by Jury for Complex Civil Litigation in Virginia

My student note addresses how the Virginia Courts can maintain the right to a trial by jury in complex civil cases, while protecting litigants’ Fifth Amendment right, as interpreted by the Supreme Court, to present their case to a jury capable and willing to decide the case based solely on the evidence before it. My note proposes that a suitable solution is for Virginia to implement a modern version of the common law’s jury of special qualification.
Robust Process Scheduling under Uncertainty with Regret

Abstract In this paper, we address multipurpose batch process scheduling under uncertainty problems. A novel adaptive robust process scheduling model is proposed that effectively incorporates the minimax regret criterion. In batch process scheduling, regret is defined as the deviation of profit obtained over the scheduling horizon from the perfect-information schedule. The regret arises due to the limited knowledge on realized uncertainty, and serves as an important evaluation metric for decision making on process scheduling. In addition to the conventional robustness criterion, the proposed multi-objective scheduling model also simultaneously optimizes the worst-case regret to push the performance of the schedule towards the utopia one under perfect information. Two case studies on multipurpose batch process scheduling under product demand uncertainty are presented.
Nursing Home Research

Nursing home utilization is common among older adults, and it represents a costly and growing sector of the health care system. As the length of hospital stays has declined, nursing homes increasingly provide short-term rehabilitative and medical care to patients who have recently been discharged from acute-care hospitals. Nursing homes may also provide palliative, hospice, and respite care. With the impending entry of the baby boom generation into Medicare eligibility and old age, there is an urgent need for information to guide the medical care of nursing home residents and to direct policy regarding long-term care. Although challenging, high-quality nursing home research is achievable with careful attention to methodological and administrative issues. Multiple publicly available data sets are available for use in nursing home research.
Protein content of male diet does not influence proceptive or receptive behavior in female meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus

Sexual behavior is comprised of the three components: attractivity, proceptivity, and receptivity. Previous work has shown that a meadow vole’s odor attractivity to the opposite sex is positively correlated with the amount of protein in the diet that it consumed. We determined whether protein content of a male vole’s diet (high, medium, or low) affected proceptivity and receptivity of a female vole. The protein content of the diet of male voles did not affect female proceptivity or receptivity. These findings suggest that the protein content of a male’s diet may affect a female’s initial interest in a male but not whether she will mate with him.
Kinetics and Control of White Cell Production by Bone Marrow

The compartmental sizes, distribution, renewal rates and turnover of granulocytes in normal man have been defined reasonably well elsewhere and will be merely summarized here. Table 1, taken from Cronkite (1), Cartwright (2) and others (3), presents the most significant features. This information has derived from kinetic studies with various types of cell labels, calculations of proliferative activity and estimates of total cell numbers at various stages of maturation.
Histone deacetylase 11 as a key regulator of metabolism and obesity

In this thought commentary, I highlight the discoveries made by Seto and colleagues related to HDAC11 and obesity. I discuss how their reported work fills a gap in the HDAC field and comment on the clinical implications of their findings. Overall, selective inhibition of HDAC11 could be a novel potential therapeutic avenue for both obesity and diabesity, the diabetes caused by obesity. Future studies to further dissect this mechanistic link between HDAC11 and metabolic programs will pave the way for designing mechanism-based combination therapeutic strategies for these two life style diseases.
A library mobile device deployment to enhance the medical student experience in a rural longitudinal integrated clerkship

Objective: Investigators implemented the Rural Information Connection (RIC) project, a library-initiated deployment of iPad Mini 3s for third-year medical students who were enrolled in a seven-month rural longitudinal integrated clerkship (LIC) rotation. The research aims were to determine if devices preloaded with high-quality mobile health apps enhanced the experience and increased access to and awareness of mobile health information resources for the enrolled project participants. Methods: Nine participants enrolled in this mixed methods research project. Pre- and post-survey and structured learning journals (SLJs) were used for data collection on device and app use. Descriptive statistics and thematic coding analysis included data from seven pre-surveys, nine post-surveys, and sixty-four SLJ prompts. The validated Technology Acceptance Model instrument was also incorporated to gauge the devices’ integration into the participants’ workflow. Results: The investigation indicated that the iPad Mini 3 and resources were utilized and integrated at varying levels in the participants’ workflow. Reported use of health information apps suggests a preference for broad-based information sources rather than specific or specialized information resources. Participants performed several tasks on the device, including seeking background information, educating patients, and managing rotation schedules. Participant reflections indicated positive experiences utilizing the device and health information resources, which enhanced their rural LIC rotations. Conclusions: The research analysis demonstrates the information-seeking behavior of medical students immersed in a rural environment and indicates an acceptance of mobile technology into the workflow of participants in this project. Mobile device deployments offer great opportunities for librarians to design innovative programming in medical education.
Mitochondrial dysfunctions in barth syndrome

Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a rare multisystemic genetic disorder caused by mutations in the TAZ gene. TAZ encodes a mitochondrial enzyme that remodels the acyl chain composition of newly synthesized cardiolipin, a phospholipid unique to mitochondrial membranes. The clinical abnormalities observed in BTHS patients are caused by perturbations in various mitochondrial functions that rely on remodeled cardiolipin. However, the contribution of different cardiolipin-dependent mitochondrial functions to the pathology of BTHS is not fully understood. In this review, we will discuss recent findings from different genetic models of BTHS, including the yeast model of cardiolipin deficiency that has uncovered the specific in vivo roles of cardiolipin in mitochondrial respiratory chain biogenesis, bioenergetics, intermediary metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, and quality control. We will also describe findings from higher eukaryotic models of BTHS that highlight a link between cardiolipin-dependent mitochondrial function and its impact on tissue and organ function. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 9999(9999):1-11, 2019.
Poetics/Praxis: Materiality and the Meaningfulness of Experience

This Introduction to a special issue on “Poetics/Praxis” provides a brief overview of the shared investments of poetic texts and Christian practice. It offers a brief survey of exegetical writing o...
Functional Coupling of K+–Cl– Cotransporter (KCC) to GABA-Gated Cl– Channels in the Central Nervous System of Drosophila melanogaster Leads to Altered Drug Sensitivities

GABAergic signaling is the cornerstone for fast synaptic inhibition of neural signaling in arthropods and mammals and is the molecular target for insecticides and pharmaceuticals, respectively. The K+-Cl- cotransporter (KCC) is the primary mechanism by which mature neurons maintain low intracellular Cl- concentration, yet the fundamental physiology, comparative physiology, and toxicological relevance of insect KCC is understudied. Considering this, we employed electrophysiological, genetic, and pharmacological methods to characterize the physiological underpinnings of KCC function to the Drosophila CNS. Our data show that genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of KCC results in an increased spike discharge frequency and significantly ( P < 0.05) reduces the CNS sensitivity to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Further, simultaneous inhibition of KCC and ligand-gated chloride channel (LGCC) complex results in a significant ( P < 0.001) increase in CNS spontaneous activity over baseline firing rates that supports functional coupling of KCC to LGCC function. Interestingly, 75% reduction in KCC mRNA did not alter basal neurotransmission levels indicating that only a fraction of the KCC population is required to maintain the Cl- ionic gradient when at rest, but prolonged synaptic activity increases the threshold for GABA-mediated inhibition and reduces nerve sensitivity to GABA. These data expand current knowledge regarding the physiological role of KCC in a model insect and provides the necessary foundation to develop KCC as a novel biochemical target of insecticides, as well as complements existing research to provide a holistic understanding of the plasticity in mammalian health and disease.
Why and when witnessing uncivil behavior leads observers to punish frontline employees and leave the firm

Abstract The present studies examined observer responses to failed recoveries following a service failure in a restaurant setting. Study 1 demonstrated that, relative to a neutral response, a negative server response increased desire for revenge and negative firm attitudes, which reduce tipping and return intentions, but revealed no benefits of a positive server response. Study 2 highlighted the full buffering effect of management apology on firm-related outcomes (attitudes, return intentions) which did not extend to employee-related outcomes (desire for revenge, tipping). Study 2 also supported a structural model in which negative server responses generate perceived deontic injustice, which predicts desire for revenge and firm attitudes, which in turn predict tipping and return intentions. By including outcomes more directly reflecting “revenge seeking” (tipping), and testing the most comprehensive structural model to date, the present work contributes to a fuller understanding of how customers respond to observed service failures.
Creating Animated Videos as an Innovative Instructional Alternative to Writing Essays for Presenting Research.

This mixed-methods study investigated the potential of creating animated videos as an innovative instructional alternative to writing essays for research presentations from several perspectives, including learning achievement, student creativity and acceptance. The exploratory study was conducted in a technology integration course with 17 preservice teachers. Data were collected from the participants’ essays and animated videos, along with participants’ responses to acceptance surveys. The data analysis results revealed that creating animated videos for presenting research can support student criterion-based performance, encourage student creativity, and prevent reproductive learning. The participants confirmed their enjoyment and acceptance of creating animated videos for research presentations.
La emancipación de mujeres musulmanes en Francia

Resumen: La emancipacion para mujeres musulmanas en Francia es una lucha continua expresada y examinada a traves de la literatura y el cine franceses contemporaneos. En las obras Inch´Allah Dimanch (Inch´Allah domingo) y Memoires d´inmigres: l´heritage maghrebin (Recuerdos de inmigrantes: la herencia musulmana), la cineasta franco-argelina Yamina Benguigui ilustra las dificultades sociales, economicas y religiosas vividas por los inmigrantes del Maghreb a Francia tras la ley de reagrupamiento familiar de 1974. Estas dificultades siguen hoy en dia y han contribuido a una crisis de identidad que impide que las mujeres musulmanas logren su emancipacion. Leila Djitli aborda esta idea de crisis de identidad en cuanto a la experiencia de la inmigrante musulmana en Francia en su obra Lettre a ma fille qui veut porter le voile (Carta a mi hija que quiere llevar el velo). A traves de su estilo documental, Djitli investiga los sentimientos del exilio que contribuyen a esta crisis de identidad. Este trabajo analizara la historia reciente de los inmigrantes musulmanes en Francia a partir de la Guerra de Independencia de Argelia hasta hoy dia a traves de estas obras y como estas pertenecen al papel de la identidad en emancipacion. El analisis considera tanto las perspectivas feministas occidentales y musulmanas como la postura francesa en cuanto al laicismo y su papel en el ambito publico frances. Abstract: Emancipation for Muslim women in France is an ongoing struggle expressed and examined through contemporary French and Francophone literature and film. In Inch´Allah Dimanche (God-Willing on Sunday) and Memoires d´immigres: l´heritage maghrebin (Immigrant Memories: Maghrebin Heritage), French-Algerian filmmaker Yamina Benguigui illustrates the social, economic, and religious difficulties experienced by immigrants of the Maghreb to France following France´s family regroupment law of 1974. These difficulties continue today and have contributed to an identity crisis that is preventing Muslim women from achieving emancipation. Leila Djitli addresses the notion of identity crisis as it pertains to the experience of the Muslim immigrant woman in France Lettre a ma fille qui veut porter le voile (A Letter to my Daughter Who Wants to Wear the Veil). Through her documentary-like approach, Djitli examines the feelings of exile that contribute to identity crisis. This paper will analyze Frances recent Muslim immigrant history from the Algerian War to present day through these works as it pertains to the role of identity in emancipation. The analysis will consider Western feminist and Islamic feminist perspectives as well as the French position on secularism and its role in the French public sphere.
Changes of protein content, leukocytes number in subdural effusion and intracranial pressure in children after minimally invasive cranial drilling drainage

Objective To assess the postoperative right ventricular(RV) function after repair of Tetralogy of Fallot in young children.Methods A total of 89 TOF patients (repaired between January 2004 and January 2006) with at least five years follow-up were enrolled in the study.Among them,53 were male and 36 were female.The age at surgery ranged from 1 to 3(2.1 ± 0.7)years,weight from 7.5～16(11.7± 1.2) Kg.Twenty-three healthy controls with comparable age and body weight were included.Doppler echocardiogram and tissue Doppler imaging were performed,RV systolic function was evaluated by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and index of myocardial performance (MPI); and RV diastolic function was evaluated by peak early and late inflow peak velocity of transtricuspid (E,A,E/A and Em,Am,and Em/Am).Results At follow-up,RV MPI (0.57±0.06 vs.0.47±0.04,P=0.000),TAPSE(1.13 ± 0.30 vs.1.55±0.27,P=0.000),E/A (1.33 ± 0.52 vs.1.79 ± 0.33,P=0.000),Em/Am (1.50 ± 0.54 vs.1.98 ± 0.56,P =0.000)and E/Em(6.90 ± 2.67 vs.4.10 ± 0.90,P =0.000) were significantly improved in patients with TOF repair compared with controls.Multivariate analysis revealed preoperative SatO2 and postoperative QRS duration were risk factors for RV systolic function,postoperative pulmonary regurgitation was risk factor for RV diastolic function.Conclusions RV dysfunction is common after surgical correction of TOF,especially the diastolic dysfunction.The use of echocardiographic imaging assessment of RV function is a simple and reliable method for assessment of RV function after repaired TOF. Key words: Tetralogy of Fallot; Ventricular function, right; Risk factor
Curiosity, information demand and attentional priority

To make adaptive decisions in multi-dimensional environments, animals must infer the relevant features and afford them priority for the control of learning and actions. Prioritizing sources of information is the role of executive control and attention, but very little is known about the mechanisms by which the brain computes relevance or priority. We present a new decision-theoretic view of priority as a cognitive state that implements information gathering policies. This response is distinct from representations of information utility and it is recruited when the information serves instrumental and non-instrumental motives, suggesting that curiosity and instrumental information demand are more closely related than is traditionally assumed. We discuss the broader relevance of these findings for decision making in realistic, complex situations.
Insights from evolutionarily relevant models for human ageing.

As the world confronts the health challenges of an ageing population, there has been dramatically increased interest in the science of ageing. This research has overwhelmingly focused on age-relate...
‘Seeing You Have Not Withheld Your Son’: An Overlooked Motif in Genesis 22?:

In Late Bronze Age diplomatic correspondence, vassals attempt to demonstrate their loyalty by declaring they would carry out any command of the king even if it is self-destructive. A critical aspec...
Do Mutual Funds Represent Individual Investors

Although mutual funds have widely varying voting patterns and predictable ideological disagreements, little is known about whether their underlying investors have similar preferences or sort by ideology into funds. I provide the first systematic documentation comparing the voting preferences of individual investors in the United States to those of the mutual funds they invest in. I find that individual investors are highly ideological in their voting. Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) funds have an ideologically distinct shareholder base of individual investors whose preferences are reflected in the votes of the ESG funds. ESG funds are unique in this respect; although funds have distinct voting ideologies, as do individual investors, a mutual fund’s voting choices generally have little or no relationship with those of its underlying investors. Limited attention may explain why individual investors with strong ideological preferences do not choose funds with similar ideologies, other than ESG funds, despite varied options to choose from. Although an individual’s ideology significantly relates to the binary categorization of the firms or funds she owns (for example, renewable energy or fossil fuel firms or ESG funds), there is no relationship to third party social responsibility scores of firms, funds, or fund holdings. Furthermore, even excluding ESG funds, individual investors with larger investments show a strong relationship between their individual voting ideologies and those of the funds they invest in.