cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Neural distribution of the nuclear progesterone receptor in the túngara frog, Physalaemus pustulosus

The gonadal steroid hormone progesterone plays an important role across all vertebrates in mediating female reproductive physiology and behavior. Many effects of progesterone are mediated by a nuclear progesterone receptor (PR), which is crucial for integration of external signals and internal physiological cues in the brain to produce an appropriate behavioral output. The tungara frog, Physalaemus pustulosus, is an excellent model system for the study of mechanisms by which sensory signals, such as auditory communication, are processed within neural circuits where mate choice decisions are made. To establish a framework for studying the neural basis of mate choice and social behavior in this species, we first describe the cytoarchitecture of the brain using Nissl-stained sections. Then, in order to better understand where progesterone acts to regulate social decisions, we determined the distribution of PR protein throughout the brain of P. pustulosus by immunohistochemistry. We found PR immunoreactivity in key brain regions known to modulate the processing of auditory cues and social behavior in other vertebrates. Due to its widespread distribution, PR likely also plays important roles in non-limbic brain regions that mediate non-social information processing. Further, we have colocalized PR with tyrosine hydroxylase, providing a functional context for the role of progesterone in mediating motivation and motor behavior. Our results significantly extend our understanding of hormonal modulation in the anuran brain and support the important role of the nuclear progesterone receptor in modulating female mate choice and receptivity in amphibians and across vertebrates.
Psychiatric diagnoses in patients with fibromyalgia are related to health care-seeking behavior rather than to illness

Objective. To compare the frequency of lifetime psychiatric disorders among 3 groups of subjects: patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) from a tertiary care setting, community residents with FMS who had not sought medical care for their FMS symptoms (“FMS nonpatients”), and healthy controls. Methods. We used the Computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule to assess lifetime psychiatric diagnoses, as well as the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale and the Trait Anxiety Inventory to assess current psychological distress, among 64 patients with FMS, 28 FMS nonpatients, and 23 healthy individuals. Results. Patients with FMS, relative to FMS nonpatients and healthy controls, were characterized by a significantly greater number of lifetime psychiatric diagnoses (P = 0.002). Nonpatients did not differ from controls in psychiatric diagnoses. Patients also exhibited higher psychological distress levels than nonpatients, and nonpatients showed greater distress than controls. Differences in psychological distress between patients and nonpatients were eliminated after controlling for pain threshold and fatigue ratings. Conclusion. Psychiatric disorders are not intrinsically related to the FMS syndrome. Instead, multiple lifetime psychiatric diagnoses may contribute to the decision to seek medical care for FMS in tertiary care settings.
Privacy behaviors of lifeloggers using wearable cameras

A number of wearable 'lifelogging' camera devices have been released recently, allowing consumers to capture images and other sensor data continuously from a first-person perspective. Unlike traditional cameras that are used deliberately and sporadically, lifelogging devices are always 'on' and automatically capturing images. Such features may challenge users' (and bystanders') expectations about privacy and control of image gathering and dissemination. While lifelogging cameras are growing in popularity, little is known about privacy perceptions of these devices or what kinds of privacy challenges they are likely to create. To explore how people manage privacy in the context of lifelogging cameras, as well as which kinds of first-person images people consider 'sensitive,' we conducted an in situ user study (N = 36) in which participants wore a lifelogging device for a week, answered questionnaires about the collected images, and participated in an exit interview. Our findings indicate that: 1) some people may prefer to manage privacy through in situ physical control of image collection in order to avoid later burdensome review of all collected images; 2) a combination of factors including time, location, and the objects and people appearing in the photo determines its 'sensitivity;' and 3) people are concerned about the privacy of bystanders, despite reporting almost no opposition or concerns expressed by bystanders over the course of the study.
Quantum analysis of the z-scan technique

A Gaussian-wave theory is developed for the classical and quantum analysis of the z-scan method that is often used to measure third-order nonlinearities. The theory allows us to compute the transmittance in the z scan and the associated regimes of amplitude squeezing. The classical limits of our theory are in perfect agreement with the previous theoretical results. We show that amplitude squeezing of 1.2dB can be obtained using the z scan with a careful selection of the signal power and the aperture size.
Printing approaches to high performance backplane circuits

Ultrathin semiconductor elements - nanoribbons, nanomembranes and related structures - created directly from bulk semiconductor wafers represent a class of material that can be useful for unconventional electronic systems, such as flexible/stretchable circuits or those that cover large areas (i.e. macroelectronics). This paper reviews some of our recent work in this area, including the soft lithographic transfer printing approaches for integration. Various device examples are presented.
A Full HD Multistandard Video Codec for Mobile Applications

A full high-definition (full HD) video codec includes a high-performance stream processing unit to support multiple standards in mobile application processors. The unit performs at 40 Mbps when operated at a 162-MHz clock rate. Implemented in 65-nm CMOS technology, the proposed video codec consumes 176 mW in real-time decoding of H.264 full HD video.
Complications and Patient‐Centered Outcomes with an Implant‐Supported Monolithic Zirconia Fixed Dental Prosthesis: 1 Year Results

Purpose To characterize the number and type of complications that occur with a monolithic zirconia fixed dental prosthesis (MZ-FDP) supported by four endosseous implants in the edentulous mandible over time and to quantify the impact of treatment on oral health quality of life (OHQoL). Methods Seventeen edentulous participants were enrolled. New conventional dentures were fabricated for each participant. Four Astra Tech Osseospeed TX implants (Dentsply) were then placed in the parasymphyseal mandible, and after a period of healing, a full-arch monolithic zirconia prosthesis (Zirkonzahn) was inserted. Complication data were recorded and OHQoL was evaluated using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-49), administered on four occasions: enrollment; implant surgery; and 6- and 12-month recalls. Results Sixty-eight implants were placed in 17 edentulous individuals aged 30 to 78 (mean 57.9 years). Implant survival was 94% from the subject perspective and 99% from the implant perspective. Prosthesis survival was 88%. Twelve complications occurred in ten participants, whereas seven participants remained complication free. Both OHIP-49 severity and extent scores decreased significantly between enrollment and 12-month recall (p < 0.001). The mean OHIP-49 severity score at baseline was 94.8 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 73.9, 115.8) and declined an average of 76.8 (95% CI: –91.3, –62.3) units per participant. The mean OHIP-49 extent score at baseline was 17.2 (95% CI: 10.8, 23.6) and declined 16.3 (95% CI: –20.2, –12.4) units per participant on average. Conclusions Implant survival was high, and few complications related to the MZ-FDP were observed. The most common prosthetic complication was tooth chipping in the opposing maxillary denture, which accounted for 50% of all complication events. Substantial and clinically important improvements in OHQoL were achieved with both conventional dentures and the implant-supported MZ-FDP. The data of this short-term study indicate that the implant-supported MZ-FDP is a therapeutic option with particular advantages in the edentulous mandible that warrants further long-term study.
Zero-voltage-switched quasi-resonant buck and flyback converters — Experimental results at 10 MHz 1

Experimental results of buck and flyback zero-voltage-switched quasi-resonant converters (ZVS-QRCs) operating above 5 MHz are presented. A design procedure is presented that minimizes voltage stress to the transistor while maintaining zero-voltage-switching for all loads. A novel, quasi-resonant gate drive scheme is proposed and implemented in a buck converter. The drive is simple and provides high switching speed. Power dissipation in the gate drive is substantially reduced due to the quasi-resonant operation. Due to a much reduced switching losses, dv/dt, and di/dt, the ZVS-QRCs are particularly suitable for very-high-frequency distributed power supply applications.
Almost transitivity of some function spaces

The almost transitive norm problem is studied for L p (/i,X), C(K,X) and for certain Orlicz and Musielak—Orlicz spaces. For example if p =f= 2 <oo then L p (/i) has almost transitive norm if and only if the measure/* is homogeneous. It is shown that the only Musielak—Orlicz space with almost transitive norm is the L^-space. Furthermore, an Orlicz space has an almost transitive norm if and only if the norm is maximal. L p (/i,X) has almost transitive norm if L V (JJL) and X have. Separable spaces with nontrivial L p -structure fail to have transitive norms. Spaces with nontrivial centralizers
Bayesian networks for cardiovascular monitoring.

Bayesian Networks provide a flexible way of in- corporating different types of information into a single proba- bilistic model. In a medical setting, one can use these networks to create a patient model that incorporates lab test results, clinician observations, vital signs, and other forms of patient data. In this paper, we explore a simple Bayesian Network model of the cardiovascular system and evaluate its ability to predict unobservable variables using both real and simulated patient data. I. INTRODUCTION Physicians have access to many types of information when treating patients. For example, they can examine real-time waveform data like blood pressure and ECG recordings; data trends like time-averaged heart rate; intermittent mea- surements like temperature and lab results; and qualitative observations like reported dizziness, nausea, or skin color. Within the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), physicians attempt to consider as much of the relevant information as possible, but the astronomically large amounts of data collected make it impossible to consider all available information within a reasonable amount of time. In addition, not all of the data collected is helpful in its raw form, but sufficient statistics taken from such data might help physicians gain a more thorough understanding of recent changes in the patient's state. Because of this, we are exploring ways to integrate different types of patient data into more synthesized forms (see http://mimic.mit.edu/).
NSM: a distributed storage architecture for data-intensive applications

Several solutions have been developed to provide data-intensive applications with the highest possible data rates. Such solutions tried to utilize the available network resources through parallel I/O and TCP/IP tuning in order to achieve a better data throughput. The focus was on achieving the highest possible data rate while other Performance enhancements factors were ignored. Furthermore, most of those solutions were point solutions and designed to work in a specific environment for a particular application. In this paper, we introduce the Network Storage Manager (NSM). NSM is a Java-based, high-performance, distributed storage system with auto reconfigurability that has been developed in the Distributed Computing Laboratory at Jackson State University. The system is designed as a framework for data-intensive distributed applications of different natures. In addition to an architecture that employs parallelism, scalability, crash recovery, and portability, NSM provides applications with full control to optimize other application-controllable features by allowing applications to fine-tune such features or even plug-in their modules and use it instead of the standard NSM implementation.
DEVELOPMENT OF BICYCLE COMPATIBILITY INDEX FOR RURAL ROADS IN NEBRASKA

The development of a rural bicycle compatibility index (RBCI) is described. A recent FHWA research project developed a Bicycle Compatibility Index (BCI). This index was developed for urban and suburban roadway segments, and it incorporated those variables that bicyclists typically use to assess how compatible a roadway segment is for travel by bicycle. The FHWA BCI can be used by bicycle coordinators, transportation planners, traffic engineers, and others to evaluate existing facilities. With it, they can determine what improvements may be required, as well as the geometric and operational requirements for new facilities to achieve the desired level of bicycle service. No such tool exists for the rating of rural roadway segments, however. There was work done to develop a rural equivalent of the BCI. Roadways in rural Nebraska were used to develop the RBCI. Although the specific results of this work are clearly applicable to Nebraska and other similar rural areas, the general methodology and concepts could...
Whither Goest Thou, Radiopharmaceutical Therapy?

This issue of the Journal of Nuclear Medicine includes a report of a promising agent for the radiopharmaceutical therapy of metastatic melanoma ([1][1]). The report is provocative for several reasons: it provides a potential unmet therapeutic need in a disease with a dismal prognosis, it underscores
Learning long-range terrain classification for autonomous navigation

This paper describes a method for learning the terrain classification of long-range appearance data from short- range, stereo-based geometry, along with a map representation for utilizing this data to improve autonomous off-road navigation. The continuous, online learning method allows the system to constantly adapt to changing terrain and environmental conditions, while the polar-perspective map representation allows the system to effectively plan with stereo data at long ranges. Various evaluations of the long-range classification and improvements in system performance are described, including results from an independent third-party testing team.
Comparison of VOC emissions inventory data with source apportionment results for Houston, TX

Abstract This work reports a comparison of emissions inventory data with the volatile organic compound (VOC) source attribution results, which are the continuation of the work previously published by Buzcu and Fraser [Buzcu, B., Fraser, M.P., 2006. Source identification and apportionment of volatile organic compounds in Houston, TX. Atmospheric Environment 40, 2385–2400]. The quantitatively reconstructed emissions from a recently prepared VOC emissions inventory are compared with the receptor modeling calculations based on ambient VOC measurements. In general, the composition and the location of the sources developed from the source apportionment results were consistent with the reported industrial emissions, despite small discrepancies. The results for the nighttime data analysis showed a better agreement with the locations of the emission sources. However, distance-weighted point source emissions failed to match values from the PMF modeling on ambient data. Reported event emissions of ethene and propene from the industrial complexes have also been investigated and their effects on the calculated source contributions have been determined.
Why Is Cognitive Instruction Effective? Underlying Learning Mechanisms:

If we are to design efficient and effective instructional environments for students with learning difficulties, we must understand and build on the learning principles that undergird the most productive interventions. After an overview of several studies of cognitive instruction that addressed problem learners, we describe two learning mechanisms that explain why such cognitive interventions work—prolepsis and reflective abstraction, derived respectively from Vygotskian and Piagetian accounts of development.
Increasing fruit and vegetable intake and decreasing fat and sugar intake in families at risk for childhood obesity.

Results: Changes over 1 year showed that treatment influenced targeted parent and child fruit and vegetable intake and high-fat/high-sugar intake, with the Increase Fruit and Vegetable group also decreasing their consumption of high-fat/high-sugar foods. Parents in the increased fruit and vegetable group showed significantly greater decreases in percentage of overweight than parents in the decreased high-fat/high-sugar group. Discussion: These results suggest that focusing on increasing intake of healthy foods may be a useful approach for nutritional change in obese parents and their children.
Isolated Infrarenal Caval Disruption Secondary to Minimal Blunt Trauma

Injuries to the inferior vena cava (IVC) are highly lethal and are usually associated with gunshot wounds. Blunt injury to the IVC is a rare entity that is usually located in the retrohepatic space. We present the case of an infrarenal caval disruption in a 9-year-old as a result of minimal blunt trauma. A computed tomography scan showed that the patient had a large retroperitoneal hematoma associated with IVC disruption and proximal thrombus just below the renal veins. There was no evidence of either arterial or other intra-abdominal injuries. The patient had a fall in hematocrit and abdominal tenderness prompting operative exploration. Before laparotomy, bilateral balloon occlusion devices were placed in both femoral veins. The patient was noted to have a total disruption of his IVC just above the origin of his iliac veins. The anterior two-third of the IVC was avulsed, thus leaving the posterior portion against the retroperitoneum. Given the patient’s hemodynamic instability and amount of venous damage, the IVC was oversewn and a damage control operation was undertaken. The following day, the patient was brought back to the operating room for a second-look laparotomy and abdominal closure. A pathologic examination revealed a high-grade spindle cell sarcoma. Blunt injury to the IVC is a rare entity and its location outside of the retrohepatic space should alert the surgeon to a potential underlying malignant etiology.
Eyes way shut [the future of the Internet, 2000-2010]

In this article, I offer a vision of the Internet in the coming decade (2000-2010) from a ground-level perspective. Looking ahead, I've recently begun to see that for many of us, technology is subsiding as the obstacle. There's never a question any more of whether we "can" do something technically. Today's available toolbox allows for robust, production-grade systems-provided you have the right people to build and maintain them; which is exactly the issue: the largest bottleneck is no longer technology, but people.
Impedance calculation for the microshield line

The microshield line, a new type of monolithic planar transmission line, is investigated analytically, highlighting its features with respect to conventional planar lines. The characteristic impedance of the new line is obtained using two different techniques: the computationally intensive point matching method (PMM) and the analytical conformal mapping method (CMM). In the latter method, a CAD-oriented analytical expression, in terms of all finite line dimensions, is obtained using conformal mapping techniques. It is shown that the results of both methods agree very well, verifying both analyses. In addition, the effect of finite-extent ground planes on the characteristic impedance is demonstrated. >
Foreign Investments in Russia in 2012

In 2012, a decline in foreign investors’ activities in the Russian Federation was observed. The inflow of foreign investments as a share of GDP decreased by 2.3 p.p. as compared to 2011. Foreign investments concentrated mainly in the industry and the financial sector. In the industry, the leaders were manufacturing industries. As the geographic pattern of foreign investments is concerned, the largest volume of investments into the Russian Federation came from Switzerland, the Netherlands and Cyprus.
Testing the death thought suppression and rebound hypothesis: Death thought accessibility following mortality salience decreases during a delay.

It is an important hypothesis of terror management theory that death thoughts are suppressed immediately following a mortality salience treatment but that, after a short delay during which suppression ceases, death thoughts become more accessible. Although there is much indirect empirical support for this idea, there are few direct tests. Our goal was to test this hypothesis with simple experiments. Thus, after mortality was made salient, death thought accessibility was measured immediately or after a delay. The results contradicted the prediction that death thought accessibility should be higher in the delay condition than in the no delay condition.
Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study of Irinotecan and Docetaxel in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors: Preliminary Evidence of Clinical Activity

PURPOSE: The goals of this study were to determine the maximum-tolerated dose and describe the toxicities of the combination of irinotecan and docetaxel administered every 3 weeks to patients with advanced malignancies and, also, to evaluate the effect of irinotecan on the disposition of docetaxel and describe preliminary evidence of antitumor activity. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighteen patients received 85 courses (median, two courses; range, one to 15 courses) of treatment with irinotecan, administered over 90 minutes by intravenous infusion, followed by docetaxel, administered over 60 minutes by intravenous infusion. Four escalating dose levels of irinotecan/docetaxel (160/50 mg/m2, 160/65 mg/m2, 200/65 mg/m2, and 200/75 mg/m2) were studied. Pharmacokinetic analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of irinotecan on the disposition of docetaxel. RESULTS: The most common and dose-limiting toxicity was myelosuppression, which consisted of neutropenia that was severe (National Cancer Institute common tox...
Iodine-125 seed migration within brain parenchyma after brachytherapy for brain metastasis: case report

This case report documents the migration of 3 iodine-125 (125I) seeds from the tumor resection cavity into brain parenchyma over a 7-year period. A 66-year-old woman had a history of metastatic ovarian carcinoma, nickel allergy, and reaction to a titanium hip implant that required reoperation for hardware removal. In this unique case of parenchymal migration, the seed paths seemed to follow white matter tracts, traveling between 18.5 and 35.5 mm from the initial implant site. The patient's initial neurological decline, which was thought to be related to radiation necrosis, appeared to stabilize with medical therapy. She subsequently developed progressive right hemispheric edema that resulted in neurological deterioration and death. Considering her previous reactions to nickel and titanium, the authors now speculate that her later clinical course reflected an allergic reaction to the titanium casing of the 125I seeds. Containing a trace amount of nickel, 125I seeds can elicit a delayed hypersensitivity reaction in patients with a history of nickel dermatitis. Preoperative patch testing is recommended in these patients, and 125I seed implantation should be avoided in those who test positive.
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis of the foot

Rheumatoid arthritis occurring in children under 16 years of age is defined as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. It is more common in females and the peak incidence is between 1 and 3 years of age. It can present in different forms. Mono- and pauciarticular type is complicated by iridocyclitis in 20%. Growth disturbances are common. Any conceivable combination of foot deformities can occur. Some of the secondary deformities can be prevented with conservative care. Principals of soft tissue and bony surgery have been outlined.
Effects of Si/Al ratio on the distribution of framework Al and on the rates of alkane monomolecular cracking and dehydrogenation in H-MFI.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of Si/Al ratio on the locations of exchangeable cations in H-MFI and on the monomolecular cracking and dehydrogenation reactions of n-butane. On the basis of UV-visible spectroscopic analysis of Co(II) exchanged into MFI, it was inferred that the fraction of Co(II) (and, by extension, Bronsted protons) located at channel intersections relative to straight and sinusoidal channels increases with increasing Al content. Concurrently, turnover frequencies for all monomolecular reactions, and the selectivities to dehydrogenation versus cracking and to terminal cracking versus central cracking, generally increased. The changes in selectivity with Al content are consistent with the finding that the transition-state geometry for dehydrogenation is bulky and resembles a product state, and should therefore exhibit a stronger preference to occur at channel intersections relative to cracking. Increases in turnover frequencies are attributed partly to increases in intrinsic activation entropies that compensate for concurrent increases in intrinsic activation energies, most strongly for dehydrogenation and terminal cracking, resulting in increased selectivity to these reactions at higher Al content. This interpretation contrasts with the view that intrinsic activation barriers are constant. It is also observed that isobutene inhibits the rate of n-butane dehydrogenation. Theoretical calculations indicate that this effect originates from adsorption of isobutene at the channel intersections. Because cracking reaction rates are not affected by the presence of isobutene, this result suggests that the preference of dehydrogenation to occur at channel intersections is much stronger than the preference for cracking to occur at these locations.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Aging and Bisexuality: Can These Complex Life Patterns Be an Impetus for Identity Flexibility and Growth?

abstractWhat happens to identity when life challenges include two major individual characteristics that are often considered negative: identifying as bisexual and identifying as an older adult? In this issue we learn more about the varieties of lived experience of older bisexuals. In the larger society, and even within smaller affinity groups, these labels often include social stigmas and challenges to whatever identity a person formed earlier in life. Some larger questions arise. How can adults think of themselves as having a fully formed identity when that identity is challenged? Could accepting and incorporating these labels help an adult grow and learn to cognitively conceptualize personal identity in a more complex, flexible, growing way? Creating and re-creating the concept of the self, the identity, over the course of adulthood is a cognitive and a personal challenge and a potential source of growth. This article introduces the five articles in this special issue, broadens our view of aging bisexua...
Reflections on human suffering.

(2004). Reflections on Human Suffering. The Linacre Quarterly: Vol. 71, No. 4, pp. 271-280.
Methods in obtaining split-thickness skin grafts from skin reduction surgery specimens.

Background To devise a method for obtaining bacterial culture-negative split-thickness skin grafts from specimens removed from living donors undergoing skin reduction surgery.
Cultivation of microalgae using flash hydrolysis nutrient recycle

Abstract Algal biofuels have the potential to provide a scalable source of renewable fuels. The high nutrient use in algae cultivation and its recovery and recycle is one of the challenges that may limit the scalability and sustainability of algal biofuels. The present study evaluates the use of hydrolysate obtained after Flash hydrolysis (FH) of Scenedesmus at 280 °C as a nutrient source for microalgae cultivation. FH hydrolysate nutrient recycling was compared with low temperature batch Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) nutrient recycling. Oocystis and Scenedesmus were cultivated using hydrolysate as a partial phosphorous (P) and nitrogen (N) source. The study shows that hydrolysate from FH could satisfy 50% of the nitrogen and phosphorus demand in the culture media. Ammonia toxicity was identified as one potential limitation to higher percentages of N replacement using HTL aqueous phase as it resulted in a high soluble ammonia concentration in the media. This effect was most pronounced in the 50% P HTL replacement treatment where minimal algae growth was observed during the first 11 days of cultivation.
Cooking Up Energy with Predominately Latino Children during Afterschool Hours.

OBJECTIVES We investigated the impact on body weight status and food-related behaviors following participation in the Cooking Up Energy® (CUE) Program. METHODS Children 7-11 years old attended 10 cooking/nutrition education sessions. Baseline and post-program weight, height and waist circumference measurements, frequency of participation in meal preparation and food frequency questionnaires were obtained. Data were analyzed for the entire group as well as a subgroup of overweight and obese participants. RESULTS Participants (N = 51) were predominately Latino (76%) and overweight (52%). Significant reduction in mean body mass index (BMI) percentile was found in the subgroup of overweight and obese participants (N = 27; p < .05). However, reduction in mean BMI z-score was non-significant. Reports of program enjoyment (98%) and an increased desire to cook more frequently at home (83%) were found; however, no significant increase in participation in meal preparation at home was found following program completion. CONCLUSION The CUE program was well received by most participants, and there is indication that program participation has the potential to have a positive influence on body weight. However, more research is needed to explore ways to promote an increase in participation in food preparation at home by children.
A Macroscopic Privacy Model for Heterogeneous Robot Swarms

To date, the issues of privacy and security remain poorly addressed within robotics at large. In this work, we provide a foundation for analyzing the privacy of swarms of heterogeneous robots. Our premise is that information pertaining to individual robot types must be kept private in order to preserve the security and resilience of the swarm system at large. A main contribution is the development of a macroscopic privacy model that can be applied to swarms. Our privacy model draws from the notion of differential privacy that stems from the database literature, and that provides a stringent statistical interpretation of information leakage. We combine the privacy model with a macroscopic abstraction of the swarm system, and show how this enables an analysis of the privacy trends as swarm parameters vary.
Mendelist-Morganists and Michurinism

In 1927 a grain crisis and the drive to industrialize in the Soviet Union led to war on the peasantry. As collectivization continued, kulaks were deported, exiled, arrested, and shot in a frenzied campaign that was only moderated once Stalin declared “dizziness from success.” The assault was soon renewed as the Communist Party set production quotas far above what was possible, and requisitioned grain from starving peasants. By the early 1930s famine in the Ukrainian breadbasket was so severe that the sight of victims dropping dead on the street from hunger ceased to provoke notice. Cannibalism was so widespread that signs had to be posted admonishing: “Eating ones own children is an act of barbarity.” Meanwhile, the Soviet government asked biologists what their science had to offer for increasing agricultural productivity. This was the environment in which Trofim Denisovich Lysenko began his career.
Allogeneic Transfusion-Free Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: a Reality?

Introduction The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a multi-modal blood conservation protocol that involved pre–operative autologous blood donations (2 units) in conjunction with erythropoietin supplementation as well as intra-operative conservation modalities. Methods A retrospective chart review of 90 patients with simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty done between 2006–2009 by one of the 3 senior authors was performed. Patients donated two units of blood 4 weeks prior to surgery and also received erythropoietin injections (40,000 units: 3 weeks, 2 weeks and 1 week prior to surgery). Intra- operative blood management included use of pneumatic tourniquet, re-infusion drains, local epinephrine injections and fibrin spray. Post-operatively, autologous transfusions were provided based on symptoms. Pre-donation blood levels, peri-operative hemoglobin and hematocrit levels along with transfusion records were assessed. Results The mean pre-donation hemoglobin was 13.1 g/dL. After 2 units of autologous blood donation and procrit injections, the mean preoperative hemoglobin was 13.0 g/dL. The mean hemoglobin dropped to 9.8 g/dL on postoperative day 3. The mean drop in hemoglobin from preadmission testing was 3.3 g/dl. Overall, 30% patients required autologous blood transfusion and no patients required allogenic transfusion. Conclusion This multi-modal protocol was effective in not only avoiding allogeneic transfusions following bilateral TKA but also resulted in high blood levels at the time of discharge. This protocol was effective in eliminating allogenic transfusions and maintaining blood levels.
Ellis N. Gummer, Dickens’ Works in Germany, 1837-1937: “Oxford Studies in Modern Languages and Literatures.” Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1940. Pp. 197.

(1942). Ellis N. Gummer, Dickens’ Works in Germany, 1837-1937. The Germanic Review: Literature, Culture, Theory: Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 145-146.
Abstract P092: Patient Ethnicity Predicts Poor Health Access and Gaps in Perception of Personal Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Background: Focus of health literacy campaigns has centered around raising awareness. It is unknown whether awareness of cardiovascular risk factors accurately reflects personalization of one’s own...
Approximate Query Processing: No Silver Bullet

In this paper, we reflect on the state of the art of Approximate Query Processing. Although much technical progress has been made in this area of research, we are yet to see its impact on products and services. We discuss two promising avenues to pursue towards integrating Approximate Query Processing into data platforms.
Top five rules to avoid neurovascular injury during total shoulder arthroplasty

Abstract Prevention of neurovascular injuries during approaches for shoulder arthroplasty involves general knowledge of the anatomical course of adjacent neurovascular structures and their proximity to various landmarks. This allows the surgeon to navigate about the shoulder while protecting or circumventing structures known to be at risk during a particular surgical approach. Adjunctive devices and monitoring methods can be helpful in difficult and even routine cases to minimize the incidence of nerve injuries. Most important is a thorough initial physical examination with documentation of neurovascular status, review of prior operative notes, and pursuing additional studies as deemed necessary.
Hydrothermal synthesis of strontium titanate: thermodynamic considerations, morphology control and crystallisation mechanisms

This article highlights the recent developments on the hydrothermal and solvothermal synthesis of strontium titanate (SrTiO3), considered as a model system, by reviewing the literature of the last 10–15 years. The most significant advantage of these solution-mediated crystallisation methods is the effective control of particle composition, size and morphology by varying some physical and chemical parameters such as temperature, concentration, pH and solvent composition, as well as using different precursors and mineralisers, and moreover, adding growth modifiers like polar organic molecules and hydrophilic polymers. Thus, the synthesis process can be designed to obtain pure and doped materials with superior functional and photocatalytic properties, including monodispersed nanoparticles, platelets, wires, porous particles, mesocrystals and heterostructures. The hydrothermal crystallisation mechanisms are critically discussed, considering both the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. In particular, the nature and morphology of the solid titanium precursor has a significant impact on the hydrothermal crystallisation as in many cases the formation of SrTiO3 occurs on the precursor surface. The dissolution of the precursor and the nucleation and growth of the perovskite are coupled together over rather short distances, and the coupling is mediated by the solid/liquid interfaces. The morphology of strontium titanate is thus determined by the precursor/perovskite crystallographic matching, the surface density of nuclei and the rate-controlling process. Differently, crystallisation from Sr–Ti amorphous gel-like precursors occurs in the absence of crystalline surfaces and often produces mesocrystals by oriented aggregation of the primary nanocrystals. These considerations have a general validity and can be extended to many ternary and even more complex oxides.
Effects of acetic-lactic acid treatments applied to beef trim on populations of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes in ground beef

The efficacy of organic acid sprays for eliminating Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes from beef trim used in a model ground beef production scheme was determined. Beef trim pieces with ca. 20% fat inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 or L. monocytogenes (ca. 3 log10 CFU/g) were utilized as controls or treated by spraying with 2 or 4% acetic and lactic acids. Propylene glycol (20%) was the carrier for each treatment. Following acid treatment, intact pieces were stored at 4°C for 12 or 24 h, ground, divided into 4 100-g retail packages and stored at 4°C for 0, 1, 2, or 4 days, at which time surviving populations of E. coli O157:H7 or L. monocytogenes were enumerated. High populations (>2.6 log10 CFU/g) of the pathogens persisted in all treatments. The 2% acid spray reduced (P < 0.01) the E. coli O157:H7 population by only 0.1 log10 CFU/g. The 2 and 4% acid sprays reduced (P < 0.001) the L. monocytogenes populations by 0.36 and 0.44 log10 CFU/g, respectively. Storing beef trim intact prior to gr...
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Metabolic Syndrome, and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in Children

Objective To estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and examine its association with chronic kidney disease progression in children enrolled in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children study. Study design MetS was defined as being overweight or obese and having ≥2 cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs). Incidence and prevalence of MetS were assessed using pairs of visits approximately 2 years apart. Results A total of 799 pairs of person-visits (contributed by 472 children) were included in the final analysis. Of these, 70% had a normal body mass index (BMI), 14% were overweight, and 16% were obese. At the first visit, the prevalence of MetS in the overweight group was 40% and in the obese group was 60%. In adjusted models, annual percent estimated glomerular filtration rate decline in those who had normal BMI and incident or persistent multiple CMRFs or those with persistent MetS was −6.33%, −6.46%, and −6.08% (respectively) compared with children who never had multiple CMRFs (−3.38%, P = .048, .045, and .036, respectively). Children with normal BMI and incident multiple CMRFs and those with persistent MetS had approximately twice the odds of fast estimated glomerular filtration rate decline (>10% per year) compared with those without multiple CMRFs and normal BMI. Conclusion Children with chronic kidney disease have a high prevalence of MetS. These children as well as those with normal BMI but multiple CMRFs experience a faster decline in kidney function.
Feature-based alignment

Once we have extracted features from images, the next stage in many vision algorithms is to match these features across different images (Section 4.1.3). An important component of this matching is to verify whether the set of matching features is geometrically consistent, e.g., whether the feature displacements can be described by a simple 2D or 3D geometric transformation. The computed motions can then be used in other applications such as image stitching (Chapter 9) or augmented reality (Section 6.2.3)
Surface Forces and Friction between Cellulose Surfaces in Aqueous Media

Colloidal probe microscopy was employed to study normal forces and sliding friction between model cellulose surfaces in aqueous solutions. Hydrodynamic interactions must be accounted for in data analysis. Longrange interactions are governed by double layer forces, and once surfaces contact, by osmotic repulsive forces and visco-elasticity. Increasing the ionic strength decreases surface potentials and increases adhesive forces. Polyelectrolytes cause strong steric repulsion at high surface coverage, where interactions are sensitive to probe velocity. Polymer bridging occurs at low coverage.
When Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Treats Throat Cancer Like Pharyngitis

The changes to Medicare payment documentation guidelines proposed by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services may simplify documentation requirements. However, this commentary argues that the p...
Heteroskedastic PCA: Algorithm, Optimality, and Applications

A general framework for principal component analysis (PCA) in the presence of heteroskedastic noise is introduced. We propose an algorithm called HeteroPCA, which involves iteratively imputing the diagonal entries of the sample covariance matrix to remove estimation bias due to heteroskedasticity. This procedure is computationally efficient and provably optimal under the generalized spiked covariance model. A key technical step is a deterministic robust perturbation analysis on singular subspaces, which can be of independent interest. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated in a suite of problems in high-dimensional statistics, including singular value decomposition (SVD) under heteroskedastic noise, Poisson PCA, and SVD for heteroskedastic and incomplete data.
Bases agroecológicas para la adaptación de la agricultura al cambio climático

Although many indigenous and peasant populations are particularly exposed to the impacts of climate change and are vulnerable, many communities are actively responding to the changing climate and have demonstrated innovation and resilience, using a variety of strategies to deal with droughts, floods, hurricanes, etc. In this article we argue that traditional agricultural systems offer a wide range of options and management designs that increase the functional biodiversity of crop fields, and therefore, reinforce the resilience of agroecosystems. Many of the traditional agroecological strategies that reduce vulnerability to climatic variability includes the diversification of crops, the maintenance of local genetic diversity, animal integration, the addition of organic matter to the soil, the harvesting of water, etc. Many agroecologists have deciphered the agroecological principles that underlie these strategies which can be adapted taking different technological forms (according to the size of the farms) to design modern agricultural systems so that they become increasingly resilient to the climatic extremes.
Feasibility of Serving K Secondary Users in Underlay Cognitive Radio Networks using Massive MIMO

In this paper, we analyze the feasibility of serving K secondary users (SUs) on the downlink using a secondary base station (SBS), equipped with a large antenna array, in an underlay cognitive radio (CR) network. First, we formulate a feasibility problem in order to compute beamforming vectors and power allocations for K SUs with constraints on the maximum allowable interference to primary users (PUs), required minimum rate at SUs, and maximum transmit power from SBS. The problem formulation takes into account the imperfect channel state information between SUs and PUs. We propose a two step approach to solve the non-convex problem. In the first step, beamforming vectors are computed using one of the two alternative schemes: maximum eigenmode beamforming (MEB) or zero forcing beamforming (ZFB). We show that the power allocations can be computed by solving a linear programming feasibility problem. Further, we provide theoretical feasibility analysis of serving K SUs with equal power allocation by deriving the distributions of SINR at SUs and interference to PUs, thereby computing the probability of serving K SUs as a function of the constraints. The analytical and simulation results are presented to demonstrate the impact of constraints on the feasibility of serving K SUs in the CR network.
Transstadial immune activation in a mosquito: Adults that emerge from infected larvae have stronger antibacterial activity in their hemocoel yet increased susceptibility to malaria infection

Larval and adult mosquitoes mount immune responses against pathogens that invade their hemocoel. Although it has been suggested that a correlation exists between immune processes across insect life stages, the influence that an infection in the hemocoel of a larva has on the immune system of the eclosed adult remains unknown. Here, we used Anopheles gambiae to test whether a larval infection influences the adult response to a subsequent bacterial or malaria parasite infection. We found that for both female and male mosquitoes, a larval infection enhances the efficiency of bacterial clearance following a secondary infection in the hemocoel of adults. The adults that emerge from infected larvae have more hemocytes than adults that emerge from naive or injured larvae, and individual hemocytes have greater phagocytic activity. Furthermore, mRNA abundance of immune genes-such as cecropin A, Lysozyme C1, Stat-A, and Tep1-is higher in adults that emerge from infected larvae. A larval infection, however, does not have a meaningful effect on the probability that female adults will survive a systemic bacterial infection, and increases the susceptibility of females to Plasmodium yoelii, as measured by oocyst prevalence and intensity in the midgut. Finally, immune proficiency varies by sex; females exhibit increased bacterial killing, have twice as many hemocytes, and more highly express immune genes. Together, these results show that a larval hemocoelic infection induces transstadial immune activation-possibly via transstadial immune priming-but that it confers both costs and benefits to the emerged adults.
Treadmilling Model for Plasticity of the Myelin Sheath

We propose a mechanism for myelin plasticity that would complement synaptic plasticity by adjusting conduction velocity for optimal spike-time arrival. In the proposed treadmilling model, myelin sheath thickness is a dynamic balance between the rates of new myelin deposited adjacent to the axon and removal of the outermost layer.