cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Weyl semimetals with diamond structure realized in spinel compounds

We discover an ${e}_{g}$-orbital (${d}_{{z}^{2}},{d}_{{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{y}^{2}}$) model within the diamond lattice (${e}_{g}$-diamond model) that hosts novel topological states. Specifically, the ${e}_{g}$-diamond model yields a three-dimensional (3D) nodal cage (3D-NC), which is characterized by a $d\ensuremath{-}d$ band inversion protected by two types of degenerate states (i.e., ${e}_{g}$-orbital and diamond-sublattice degeneracies). We demonstrate materials realization of this model in the well-known spinel compounds ($A{B}_{2}{X}_{4}$), where the tetrahedron-site cations ($A$) form the diamond sublattice. An ideal half metal with one metallic spin channel formed by well-isolated and half-filled ${e}_{g}$-diamond bands, accompanied by a large spin gap (4.36 eV) is discovered in one 4-2 spinel compound (${\mathrm{VMg}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$), which becomes a magnetic Weyl semimetal when spin-orbit coupling effect is further considered. Our discovery greatly enriches the physics of diamond structure and spinel compounds, opening a door to their application in spintronics.
Interpersonal Tensions and Pain Among Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Negative Mood:

Objectives:To examine whether (a) negative social encounters and physical pain are linked throughout the day, (b) negative mood mediates these associations, and (c) these associations vary by close...
Interactions of μ -Mesons

The energy spectrum of electrons knocked on by $\ensuremath{\mu}$-mesons has been measured over a wide range of energies. It is found that the theoretical cross section as derived by Bhabha fits the data for knock-on energies of a few Mev up to energies of the order of a Bev. From these data it is concluded that any particle structure that might exist does not appreciably affect collisions with impact parameters of 6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}13}$ cm or more.It is found that the theoretical cross section for direct pair production by $\ensuremath{\mu}$-mesons is of the right order of magnitude. From the experiment an upper limit of 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}29}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ nucleon is set for the cross section for the production by $\ensuremath{\mu}$-mesons of a penetrating secondary of the type originally reported by Braddick and Hensby.
The Smoke of Satan on the Silver Screen: The Catholic Horror Film, Vatican II, and the Revival of Demonology

The Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) is seen by many conservative Roman Catholics as a decisive turning-point in a wider history of a diabolically-inspired conspiracy against the Church. One facet of this has been a heightened interest in such circles in preternatural phenomena particularly demonic possession-especially as such phenomena locate the Roman Catholic Church as a central player in wider cosmic and salvific events. This article explores the growing interest in possession over the past half-century and how pre-conciliar Roman Catholic imagery and themes-both visual and theological-including traditional Marian devotion and piety; preternatural phenomena surrounding manifestations of evil; the theology of vicarious and atoning suffering; the vocational insecurity of the Catholic priest and the existence of a Satanic conspiracy of evil, have been utilised in Catholic horror films from the late 1960s through to the present and how an understanding of the historical and theological resonance of these themes amongst traditionalist Roman Catholics can elucidate aspects of the appeal these films have had amongst Roman Catholics in the post-Vatican II era. Normal 0 false false false EN-AU X-NONE X-NONE
Intracavity laser spectroscopy with Fourier-transform detection of tungsten sulfide, WS: Analysis of the (1,0) band of the [13.10] Ω = 1 − X 3Σ–0+ transition

Abstract The (1,0) band of the [13.10] Ω = 1 − X 3Σ–0+ transition of WS has been observed and recorded at Doppler-limited resolution using intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy detected with a Fourier-transform spectrometer (ILS–FTS). The tungsten sulfide molecules were produced in the plasma discharge formed when 0.35 A of RF current were applied to a W-lined Cu hollow cathode in an atmosphere that was 0.1% CS2, ~30% H2, and ~70% Ar at a total pressure of 1 torr. The hollow cathode was located within the resonator cavity of a tunable Ti:Sapphire laser, causing molecular absorption to be superimposed upon the broadband profile of the laser. This profile was detected using a Bruker IFS 125 M spectrometer using an instrument resolution of 0.01 cm−1. The ILS-FTS spectrum was analyzed using PGOPHER. Experimental line positions from the laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectrum of WS [Tsang et al., J. Mol. Spec., 359, 31 (2019)] were included in the fit, and a limited Dunham model was built in PGOPHER to characterize the X 3Σ–0+ ground state of WS. The rotational coverage of the ground state is expanded from 0
Methods for detecting PER2::LUCIFERASE bioluminescence rhythms in freely moving mice [preprint]

Circadian rhythms are driven by daily oscillations of gene expression. An important tool for studying cellular and tissue rhythms is the use of a gene reporter, such as bioluminescence from the reporter gene luciferase controlled by a rhythmically expressed gene of interest. Here we describe methods that allow measurement of bioluminescence from a freely-moving mouse housed in a standard cage. Using a LumiCycle In Vivo (Actimetrics), we determined conditions that allow detection of circadian rhythms of bioluminescence from the PER2 reporter, PER2::LUC, in freely behaving mice. We tested delivery of D-luciferin via a subcutaneous minipump and in the drinking water. Further, we demonstrate that a synthetic luciferase substrate, CycLuc1, can support circadian rhythms of bioluminescence, even when delivered at a lower concentration than D-luciferin. We share our analysis scripts and suggestions for further improvements in this method. This approach will be straightforward to apply to mice with tissue-specific reporters, allowing insights into responses of specific peripheral clocks to perturbations such as environmental or pharmacological manipulations.
Computational methods for training set selection and error assessment applied to catalyst design: Guidelines for deciding which reactions to run first and which to run next

The application of machine learning (ML) to problems in homogeneous catalysis has emerged as a promising avenue for catalyst optimization. An important aspect of such optimization campaigns is determining which reactions to run at the outset of experimentation and which future predictions are the most reliable. Herein, we explore methods for these two tasks in the context of our previously developed chemoinformatics workflow. First, different methods for training set selection for library-based optimization problems are compared, including algorithmic selection and selection informed by unsupervised learning methods. Next, an array of different metrics for assessment of prediction confidence are examined in multiple catalyst manifolds. These approaches will inform future computer-guided studies to accelerate catalyst selection and reaction optimization. Finally, this work demonstrates the generality of the average steric occupancy (ASO) and average electronic indicator field (AEIF) descriptors in their application to transition metal catalysts for the first time.
Denoising Methods for Inferring Microbiome Community Content and Abundance

One fundamental research goal in microbiome studies is to identify the species or strains and their abundance in microbiome communities. The most common community characterization approaches amplify a biomarker gene, such as the 16S rRNA or the fungal internal transcribed spacer, and sequence it using high-throughput sequencing technology. An important challenge in the analysis of such sequence data is to distinguish true biological variants from errors created during the experimental procedures and sequencing. In traditional analyses, such errors are eliminated by grouping sequences within a similarity threshold, usually 97%, but the arbitrary threshold leads to low resolution and high false positive rates. Recently developed “denoising” methods are designed to identify the “true” sequences in a sample, or collection of samples, and usually to estimate their relative abundances. These methods have proven capable of resolving single-nucleotide amplicon variants. While many denoising methods choose “true” sequences from among the observed sequences using purely algorithmic decisions, there are some statistical approaches that undertake a more formal inference. We describe existing statistical methods for quantifying the content of microbiome communities and use several strategies to compare their performance relative to each other and the algorithmic approaches. We highlight the challenges that complicate the accurate assessment of community structure, how the resulting uncertainties might be communicated to downstream analyses, and the opportunities that exist to improve the outcomes for microbiome researchers.
The Sidoarjo Mudflow and the Muddiness of an Environmental Disaster

This article describes the literal and figurative muddiness of an ongoing environmental disaster in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia, where hot mud from a mud volcano has been spewing over and inundating an ever-increasing area. In a figurative sense, it is also muddy because of the unclear circumstances that led to the disaster, the ongoing debate about the cause of the disaster, and the murkiness of the government’s treatment of the disaster victims.
Dynamics and control of a planar truss actuator

The concept of using an active truss actuator to control the vibration of a flexible (space) structure has been investigated. The actuator with a generic beam continuum cantilevered from it has been modeled using energy methods. A time-invariant optimal state feedback scheme was utilized for the control method. A digital simulation of the system dynamic response demonstrated the good vibration control possibilities for the (planar) truss actuator on a large flexible space structure.
Chapter 15 Mitotic Cells as a Source of Synchronized Cultures1

Publisher Summary Mitotic cells are of great interest as members of the most distinctive phase of the cellular life cycle and as such, have been intensively studied. Of the numerous methods available for inducing synchrony in mammalian cells, the most elegant in its simplicity is the Tolmach method of selective detachment of mitotic cells from a monolayer. Tightly phased populations of reasonable size can be produced at the beginning of the life cycle with virtually no delay and no apparent biochemical perturbation. The selection process follows the predictions of a simple model, the quality of the separation can be continuously monitored, and adjustments in several variable parameters can be made on the basis of volume spectrometry using a modification of the Coulter counter described in detail. This chapter discusses a different view— namely, the preparation and utilization of these cells as a source of synchronized cultures with which to investigate the biochemistry of “interphase.” The spectacular events of mitosis can occur only after extensive preparations during interphase, not the least important of which is the replication of the genome during the DNA-synthetic period S.
Molecular Responses to Water Deficit

Water deficit elicits a complex of responses beginning with stress perception, which initiates a signal transduction pathway(s) and is manifested in changes at the cellular, physiological, and developmental levels. The set of responses observed depends upon severity and duration of the stress, plant genotype, developmental stage, and environmental factors providing the stress. Cellular water deficit may result from stresses such as drought, salt, and low temperature. This complexity makes it difficult to uncover the responses to water deficit that enhance stress tolerance. In recent years efforts have turned toward isolation of genes that are induced during water deficit in order to study the function of droughtinduced gene products and the pathways that lead to gene induction. Changes in gene expression are fundamental to the responses that occur during water deficit, and they control many of the shortand long-term responses. Studies on the molecular responses to water deficit have identified multiple changes in gene expression using twodimensional PAGE, and many genes that are water-defictinduced have been isolated by differential screening of cDNA libraries. Functions for many of these gene products have been predicted from the deduced amino acid sequence of the genes. Genes expressed during stress are anticipated to promote cellular tolerance of dehydration through protective functions in the cytoplasm, alteration of cellular water potential to promote water uptake, control of ion accumulation, and further regulation of gene expression. Although these studies are promising, it continues to be difficult to ascertain the actual function of drought-induced gene products. Expression of a gene during stress does not guarantee that a gene product promotes the ability of the plant to survive stress. The expression of some genes may result from injury or damage that occurred during stress. Other genes may be induced, but their expression does not alter stress tolerance. Yet others are required for stress tolerance and the accumulation of these gene products is an adaptive response. Complex regulatory and signaling processes, most of which are not understood, control the expression of genes during water deficit. Multiple stresses may connect into the same or a similar transduction pathway, which is evidenced by the involvement of ABA in the induction of genes induced by a number of different stresses. In addition to induction by
The Effect of Added Gases on the Dimethylketazine Photolysis

The role of intramolecular and radical reactions in the vapor phase photolysis of dimethylketazine has been evaluated on the basis of the behavior of photolyses carried out in presence of added nitrogen, n-butane, cis-butene-2, butadiene-1,3 and oxygen. These gases deactivate ketazine decomposition in both the long wavelength absorption region (π* n) and the middle region (probably σ* π) but are much more efficient at the longer wavelengths. The ability to suppress CH3CN formation is roughly proportional to their molecular complexity, but deactivation of CH3N C(CH3)2 (dimethylketimine) and C2H6, the other important products, is highly dependent on the quencher. Butadiene and oxygen strongly inhibit the formation of imine presumably by a reaction with an excited imine molecule produced on intramolecular decomposition of a singlet excited state of ketazine. The C2H6 production is also reduced to a very large extent by these two quenchers, but the most likely explanation involves suppression of methyl radical combination initiated by radicals produced directly in the primary step dissociation. The importance of this direct primary dissociation is either enhanced as the energy of the absorbed quantum is increased, or perhaps other processes are responsible for the relatively greater importance of ethane at short wavelengths. This proposal is in sharp conflict with that postulated by Ogilvie and Horne [2] for the photolysis of formaldazine and by analogy for acetaldazine and ketazine. Um die Bedeutung intramolekularer und radikalischer Reaktionen bei der Photolyse von Dimethylketazin in der Gasphase zu bestimmen, wurden Photolyseexperimente unter Zusatz von Stickstoff, n-Butan, cis-Buten-(2), Butadien-(1,3) und Sauerstoff durchgefuhrt. Die Gase vermindern die Ketazinzersetzung sowohl im langwelligen Absorptionsgebiet (π* n) als auch im mittleren Gebiet (wahrscheinlich σ* π); sie sind jedoch bei groseren Wellenlangen erheblich wirksamer. Die Fahigkeit, die CH3CN-Bildung zu unterdrucken, ist etwa proportional der Kompliziertheit des Molekuls; die Verminderung der Produktion von CH3N C(CH3)2 (Dimethylketimin) und C2H6 hangt jedoch stark vom Loschgas ab. Butadien und Sauerstoff verhindern die Iminbildung weitgehend, und zwar vermutlich durch Reaktion mit einem angeregten Iminmolekul, das beim intramolekularen Zerfall eines Ketazinmolekuls in einem angeregten Singulett-Zustand entsteht. Auch die C2H6-Bildung wird durch diese beiden Loschgase stark reduziert; als wahrscheinlichste Erklarung hierfur wird die Unterdruckung der Rekombination von Methylradikalen angesehen, die bei der primaren Dissoziation entstehen. Es mus angenommen werden, das entweder diese Primardissoziation mit steigender Energie des absorbierten Quants an Bedeutung zunimmt oder das moglicherweise andere Prozesse fur das starkere Auftreten von Athan bei kurzen Wellenlangen verantwortlich sind. Der vorgeschlagene Mechanismus steht in krassem Widerspruch zu den Aussagen von Ogilvie und Horne [2] uber die Photolyse von Formaldazin und – in Analogie dazu – von Acetaldazin und Ketazin.
The Mechanism of Triglyceride Therapy in Dermatomycoses1

It is generally recognized that free fatty acids are good fungistatic compounds but that the salts of these fatty acids have considerably less activity. However, because of the practical limitations to the therapeutic use of free fatty acids the salts usually are used in preference to, or at much higher levels than, the free acid. Potentially, glycerol esters of fatty acids could be a constant source of a low level of fatty acid if the esterase which splits the acid from the glycerol is present. Since esterases are very ubiquitous in their distribution it seemed likely that the superficial dermatophytes, serum, and cells of the skin could bring about the hydrolytic cleavage of glycerol esters. This cleavage would continue until the resulting low pH and the level of the products became inhibiting-an axiomatic proposition in enzymology.
Low Dimensional Models with Varying Parameters: a Model Problem and Flow Through a Diffuser with Variable Angle

Motivated by data reduction performed on numerical simulations of flow through a diffuser with several divergence angles, we consider the use of the proper orthogonal decomposition on data sets with varying parameters. We take the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky (KS) equation, a fairly well-understood evolution equation, as a model problem. We construct empirical basis sets for several different lengths (the control parameter in this case), compare them with the optimal eigenfunctions (Fourier modes in this translation-invariant case), and investigate data-stacking in which averages are taken over a range of lengths. We derive the projected evolution equations and compare short term tracking and long term (attractor) behaviours of their solutions with well-resolved finite difference KS simulations. We end by setting up the diffuser problem, and commenting on the relevance to it of our KS study.
Radionuclide esophageal emptying of a solid meal to quantitate results of therapy in achalasia

Abstract In this study we evaluated esophageal emptying using an isotope-labeled solid meal (an egg salad sandwich labeled with 99m Tc-sulfur colloid) and compared it with lower esophageal sphincter pressure and a graded symptom score in the assessment of treatment in achalasia. Twenty-nine achalasic patients had lower esophageal sphincter pressure and esophageal emptying measured before treatment. Emptying at 5 min in the achalasic patients was significantly delayed, compared with normals (p
Incidence of venous thromboembolic (VTE) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients (pts) treated with immunomodulating agents (IMiDs)

8625 Introduction: We recently reported the clinical activity of IMiDs (both thalidomide (T) and lenalidomide (L)) in pts with CLL. VTE is a commonly reported complication of these agents requiring...
Seizure outcomes of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and correlations with electroencephalographic changes

Abstract Rationale Seizures are among the most common clinical presentations of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). This syndrome has rarely been reported to cause chronic epilepsy or persistent cortical dysfunction. The prognostic value of EEG findings during PRES is unknown. We retrospectively evaluated EEG characteristics in patients with PRES in a single medical center. We also evaluated the long-term outcome regarding seizure occurrence beyond the acute phase in these patients. Methods We searched a radiology database at the University of Minnesota from 1997 to 2012 to identify patients with clinically and radiologically diagnosed PRES. Among the patients with PRES, we reviewed MRI images, EEG findings, clinical manifestations including seizure occurrences, and clinical outcomes beyond the acute phase. Results Seventy-five patients were included in the study. Fifty-eight out of seventy-five (77.3%) patients with PRES had seizures. A total of 48 EEG studies were performed in 38 patients. Generalized slowing was the most common EEG pattern. Among the 38 patients who had EEGs, 37 (97.3%) patients had diffuse or focal slowing of the background, and 11 (28.9%) patients had IEDs. Four out of seventy-five (5.3%) patients had seizures later than one month beyond their hospitalization for PRES. None of these 4 patients had seizures before the episode of PRES. Two patients developed chronic epilepsy, with seizures occurring later than one year after the PRES. Conclusion Most patients who had seizures or who had epileptiform activities in EEG during PRES did not subsequently develop chronic epilepsy. No patient developed chronic epilepsy in the absence of clinical seizures during PRES. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome may infrequently be associated with subsequent development of symptomatic epilepsy.
What Do We Inherit from Our Parents and Ancestors

We are composed of genes and memes. We inherit genes from our parents, and by extension, our ancestors, human and prehuman. Memes are mostly information from our cultural environment that are also inherited from our parents and ancestors. Some memes are introduced into the environment from other cultures or de novo by creative persons. Memes are dispersed in the environment around us, like chemicals in a petri dish. Some of the memes forcibly penetrate our brains, others are passively absorbed by our brains. This chapter discusses the broad concepts of cultural inheritance and meme’s role in it. We also discuss the concept of memeplexes and the nature of cultural change.
Steroid regulation of the peptide-mediated increase in cyclic GMP in the nervous system of the hawkmoth, Manduca sexta.

The action of the peptide, eclosion hormone (EH) on the CNS ofManduca sexta appears to be mediated via the second messenger cGMP. Injections of EH or release of endogenous EH cause a rapid increase in cGMP in the CNS. Cyclic GMP, 8-bromo-cGMP and the phosphodiesterase inhibitors IBMX and theophylline mimic the action of EH in triggering premature ecdysis behavior.
Metatarsus Adductus and Skewfoot Deformity

Metatarsus adductus deformity should be recognized and addressed appropriately and in a timely fashion so as to achieve an effective correction with low rates of recurrence. Early diagnosis and treatment are of paramount importance, because spontaneous resolution is rare. Although nonoperative treatment is desirable via manipulation and soft tissue stretching and serial cast immobilization, appropriate surgical intervention needs to be used on occasion to achieve correction of resistant cases. Depending on the severity and flexibility of the deformity and the age of the patient, various methods of surgical reconstruction are available. A long-standing untreated or undertreated adductus deformity can lead to the formation of a skewfoot deformity with more significant symptoms and deformity. Treatment of this deformity is rarely successful by nonoperative means, and appropriate surgical procedures addressing the metatarsal adductus component and the flatfoot component can be used for correction of the dysfunctional or symptomatic skewfoot.
Whitney numbers of the second kind for the star poset

The integers W0, ..., Wt are called Whitney numbers of the second kind for a ranked poset if Wk is the number of elements of rank k. The set of transpositions T = {(1, n), (2, n), ..., (n - 1, n)} generates Sn, the symmetric group. We define the star poset, a ranked poset the elements of which are those of Sn and the partial order of which is obtained from the Cayley graph using T. We characterize minimal factorizations of elements of Sn as products of generators in T and provide recurrences, generating functions and explicit formulae for the Whitney numbers of the second kind for the star poset.
Using the magnitude of PSA bounce after MRI-guided prostate brachytherapy to distinguish recurrence, benign precipitating factors, and idiopathic bounce.

Purpose To identify events that precipitated a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) bounce and characterize the magnitude, duration, and time to PSA bounce after MRI-guided prostate brachytherapy. Methods and materials Between 1997 and 2001, 186 patients with low-risk prostate cancer underwent MRI-guided permanent 125I source implantation, with or without external beam radiotherapy. A PSA bounce was defined as a >or=15% elevation in PSA compared with the most recent value, followed by a decline to a level at or less than the prebounce value. At the time of PSA measurement, data were prospectively collected on whether the patient had recent ejaculation, ongoing radiation proctitis, or recent instrumentation. Results A total of 115 patients (61.8%) had a total of 156 PSA bounces. Of these, 36 patients had PSA bounces associated with ejaculation, proctitis, or instrumentation, and 79 experienced idiopathic PSA bounces (not associated with a precipitating event). The magnitude of the PSA bounce was significantly lower for the idiopathic PSA bounce (0.6 ng/mL) compared with that associated with ejaculation (p = 0.003), proctitis (p Conclusion In patients treated with MRI-guided prostate brachytherapy, recent ejaculation, instrumentation, or ongoing radiation proctitis can cause a transient increase in PSA, the magnitude of which is significantly higher than that for idiopathic PSA bounce, but is similar to that in patients with recurrent disease.
"Atmospheric" Epoxidation of Benzo[a]pyrene by Ozone: Formation of the Metabolite Benzo[a]pyrene-4,5-Oxide.

Benzo[a]pyrene deposited on a glass fiber filter reacts rapidly in the dark or light with ambient levels of ozone to yield a mixture of products that display strong direct mutagenicity in the Ames assay. The major stable contributor to this activity has been identified as benzo[a]pyrene-4,5-oxide, a DNA-binding metabolite in biological systems, known to be a strong direct mutagen with Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98.
TAKs, Thylakoid Membrane Protein Kinases Associated with Energy Transduction *

The phosphorylation of proteins within the eukaryotic photosynthetic membrane is thought to regulate a number of photosynthetic processes in land plants and algae. Both light quality and intensity influence protein kinase activity via the levels of reductants produced by the thylakoid electron transport chain. We have isolated a family of proteins called TAKs, Arabidopsisthylakoid membrane threonine kinases that phosphorylate the light harvesting complex proteins. TAK activity is enhanced by reductant and is associated with the photosynthetic reaction center II and the cytochrome b 6 f complex. TAKs are encoded by a gene family that has striking similarity to transforming growth factor β receptors of metazoans. Thus thylakoid protein phosphorylation may be regulated by a cascade of reductant-controlled membrane-bound protein kinases.
Staying the same while changing reflections on clinical judgment

(1998). Staying the same while changing reflections on clinical judgment. Psychoanalytic Dialogues: Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 225-236.
ON THE OBSERVED RAPID MOTIONS IN EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO SOURCES

Using interferometric methods, radio astronomers have shown that very rapid motions involving radio jets are detectable in a variety of active centers: the nuclei of low-redshift radio galaxies, QSOs and BL Lac objects, and active binary systems containing a black hole or a neutron star in our own Galaxy. By comparing the positions of about 80 extragalactic sources of this type with the position of the galaxies in the de Vaucouleurs catalog and the updated QSO catalog of Veron-Cetty and Veron, it is shown that about 50% of them lie within 1° of a low-redshift spiral galaxy, and about 15% lie so close to galaxies (Δθ ≤ 10') that the associations are highly significant. Thus, the sources are probably physically associated with these galaxies. All the galaxies are classified as spiral. In addition, many of the sources have other QSOs lying very close to them. These results suggest that the motions observed in these radio sources, as well as in the nuclei of radio galaxies and in Galactic microquasars, and perhaps in many more QSOs and other objects, are all similar and are mildly relativistic, and they do not require us to invoke large Lorentz factors. Some of the problems associated with this picture are discussed.
Erythroderma with spongiotic dermatitis. Association with common variable hypogammaglobulinemia

Two middle-aged men presented with generalized erythroderma, diffuse alopecia, and hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles. Histopathologic study demonstrated spongiosis (epidermal intercellular edema) with a perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate. Complete immunologic evaluation demonstrated that both patients had panhypogammaglobulinemia and markedly depressed in vitro pokeweed mitogen-induced immunoglobulin secretion. One of the patients also showed poor lymphocyte responses in vitro to T cell mitogens and antigens and had a decreased ratio of helper to suppressor cells. In both patients, the cutaneous lesions improved with systemic corticosteroids, but no significant alteration in the immunologic abnormalities was observed. This report illustrates that chronic erythroderma may be the presenting clinical manifestation of common variable hypogammaglobulinemia.
Agentic women and communal leadership: How role prescriptions confer advantage to top women leaders.

The authors contribute to the ongoing debate about the existence of a female leadership advantage by specifying contextual factors that moderate the likelihood of the emergence of such an advantage. The investigation considered whether the perceived role incongruence between the female gender role and the leader role led to a female leader disadvantage (as predicted by role congruity theory) or whether instead a female leader advantage would emerge (as predicted by double standards and stereotype content research). In Study 1, it was only when success was internally attributed that women top leaders were evaluated as more agentic and more communal than men top leaders. Study 2 showed that the favorable ratings were unique to top-level positions and further showed that the effect on agentic traits was mediated by perceptions of double standards, while the effect on communal traits was mediated by expectations of feminized management skills. Finally, Study 2 showed that top women leaders were evaluated most favorably on overall leader effectiveness, and this effect was mediated by both mediators. Our results support the existence of a qualified female leadership advantage.
Bandwidth performance of linear adaptive arrays with tapped delay-line processing

The nulling bandwidth of adaptive arrays with tapped delay-line processing is examined. Linear arrays with up to 10 elements are considered. It is shown how the number of taps in the delay lines and the amount of delay between taps affect the nulling bandwidth. For each size of array, the optimal number of delay-line taps and the optimal intertap delays are determined as functions of the required nulling bandwidth. >
Anisotropic Etching of Silver Nanoparticles for Plasmonic Structures Capable of Single-Particle SERS

The understanding of the localized surface plasmons (LSPs) that occur at the geometrically bounded surface of metal nanoparticles continues to advance as new and more complex nanostructures are found. It has been shown that the oscillation of electrons at the metal dielectric interface is strongly dependent on the size, symmetry, and proximity of nanoparticles. Here, we present a new method to chemically control the shape of silver nanocrystals by using a highly anisotropic etching process. Tuning of the etchant strength and reaction conditions allows the preparation of new nanoparticle shapes in high yield and purity, which cannot be synthesized with conventional nanocrystal growth methods. The etching process produces intraparticle gaps, which introduce modified plasmonic characteristics and significant scattering intensity in the near-infrared. These new silver particles serve as excellent substrates for wavelength-tunable, single-particle surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (spSERS).
Hepatic portal venous gas: report of a case.

Hepatic portal venous gas is easily diagnosed radiographically by the appearance of tubular lucencies branching horizontally from the porta hepatis and extending to within 2 cm of the liver capsule. Associated conditions vary from benign to potentially lethal diseases which require emergency operations. A case of hepatic portal venous gas secondary to small bowel obstruction is presented and a review of the literature is also provided.
Theoretical Study of the Low Lying Electronic States of oxoX(salen) (X = Mn, Mn-, Fe, and Cr-) Complexes

The lowest lying electronic states of oxoX(salen) (X = Mn, Mn-, Fe and Cr) complexes have been studied using complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) calculations. These wave functions have been analyzed, via the use of localized and natural orbitals, to identify the electronic structure contributions to the chemistry of these systems. It is found that the electronic structures of all complexes can be rationalized through the use of a common orbital energy diagram. Single point multireference Moller−Plesset (MRMP2) perturbation theory calculations have been performed for the oxoMn(salen) system and these results verify that the CASSCF method gives accurate energy separations for the electronic states. We find that the CASSCF method predicts bound species for all compounds except for the triplet and quintet states of the oxoMn(salen) complex, which spontaneously dissociate in the gas phase. Calculations on the separated species [5A Mn(salen) + 3P O] indicate that the bound singlet species lies ...
Glomerular hemodynamic responses to pregnancy in rats with severe reduction of renal mass

These studies investigate glomerular hemodynamic responses to pregnancy in rats with 5/6th reduction of renal mass of four weeks duration. Both preglomerular and efferent arteriolar resistances (RA and RE) fell significantly at midterm although single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) and glomerular plasma flow (QA) were unchanged versus virgins. In late pregnant rats with reduction of renal mass, the gestational fall in RA and RE was maintained and GFR, RPF, SNGFR and QA were higher compared to virgins. The gestational renal vasodilation was prolonged in this model of hypertension versus normals and a peripheral vasodilation is also indicated by the late fall in blood pressure. In virgins with 5/6th reduction of renal mass, PGC is elevated but in pregnant rats PGC fell towards term. The value of Kf was doubled in late pregnancy compared to virgins. All three groups of rats with reduction of renal mass showed similar proteinuria and similar levels of focal glomerular sclerosis, suggesting that pregnancy did not exacerbate the glomerular damage in this model of hypertension and renal disease. A decrease in hematocrit in late pregnancy compared with both virgin and midterm pregnancy indicated a plasma volume expansion. We conclude that when superimposed on hypertension with glomerular damage due to 5/6th reduction of renal mass, pregnancy induced gestational renal and peripheral vasodilation and plasma volume expansion. Since pregnancy was antihypertensive and lowered PGC, there was no hemodynamic basis for pregnancy-associated exacerbation of damage in this model of glomerular injury.
Paleomagnetism and oxide mineralogy of Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic red beds and basalts in the Newark Basin

Paleomagnetic and petrographic results from late Carnian to Sinemurian red beds in the Newark Basin suggest that significant components of chemical remanence (CRM) were acquired within a few million years or less after deposition. The red beds are devoid of magnetite and contain several forms of clearly authigenic hematite. Hematite grains of indisputable detrital origin are rare. Following removal of Cenozoic components by thermal demagnetization, 56% of the 606 outcrop and subsurface red-bed samples showed normal polarity, 30% were reversed, and 14% were intermediate. The average remanence direction of the normal red beds (D = 7°, I = 26°) was in close agreement with the average direction of the intercalated basalts (D = 7°, I = 27°) and with published Late Triassic/Early Jurassic paleopole data. The magnetostratigraphic pattern shown by the red-bed and basalt samples is: late Carnian normal, Norian to late Rhaetian mixed polarity, and late Rhaetian to Sinemurian normal. Within the mixed polarity interval is a pattern of thick (as much as 200 m), alternating normal and reversed zones, in some places enclosing numerous thin (0.5 to 20 m), “anomalous” zones of opposite or intermediate polarity. The anomalous zones are associated with lithologic boundaries and are discontinuous along strike; they cannot represent penecontemporaneous records of the geomagnetic field at the time of deposition. Boundaries between the thick polarity zones within the mixed polarity interval, however, are not associated with lithologic boundaries and can be traced along strike for as much as 52 km; these features suggest relatively rapid CRM acquisition. The normal polarity of the late Rhaetian to Sinemurian red beds agrees well with the normal polarity of correlative basaltic rocks throughout eastern North America and Morocco. Similar correlations can be made with the Norian to late Rhaetian mixed polarity interval. An upper limit of a few million years is indicated for acquisition of CRM sufficient to establish polarity in the red beds; the actual period was probably much shorter. We conclude that the gross magnetostratigraphic pattern of the Newark Basin strata may be useful for purposes of correlation. The application of the red-bed data to tectonic reconstructions, however, requires caution. The data do not show the expected stratigraphic record of progressive plate movement, and the average remanence direction of the reversed samples (D = 191°, I = −1°) is anomalously shallow.
Analyses of Liquid Flow in Micro-Conduits

Experimental observations of liquid microchannel flow are reviewed and results of computer experiments concerning channel entrance, wall slip, non-Newtonian fluid, surface roughness, viscous dissipation and flow instability effects on the friction factor are discussed Specifically, based on numerical friction factor analyses, the entrance effect should be taken into account for any microfluidic system. It is a function of channel length, aspect ratio and the Reynolds number. Non-Newtonian fluid flow effects are expected to be important for polymeric liquids and dense particle suspension flows. The wall-slip effect is negligible for liquid flows. For relatively low Reynolds numbers, i.e., Re > 1,200, onset to instabilities may have to be considered because of possible geometric non-uniformities, including a contraction and/or bend at the microchannel inlet as well as substantial surface roughness. Significant roughness effects, described with a new porous medium layer (PML) model, are a function of the Darcy number, the Reynolds number and cross-sectional configurations. This model was applied to micro-scale liquid flows in straight channels, tubes and rotating cylinders, and validated with experimental data sets. In contrast to published models, PML model simulations yield both an increase and decrease of the friction factor depending on the Darcy number. Viscous dissipation in microchannels is a strong function of the channel aspect ratio, Reynolds number, Eckert number, Prandtl number, and conduit hydraulic diameter. Specifically, viscous dissipation effects are quite important for fluids with low specific heat capacities and high viscosities, even for very low Reynolds numbers, i.e., ReD < 1. The viscous dissipation effect was found to decrease as the fluid temperature increases. As the aspect ratio deviates from unity, the viscous dissipation effect increases. It was found that ignoring the viscous dissipation effect could ultimately affect friction factor measurements for flows in micro-conduits. This could imply a significant amount of viscous heat generation and, for example, may diminish a projected micro-heat-exchanger performance.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting.

What follows are the NHSN criteria for all healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). These criteria include those for the “Big Four” (surgical site infection [SSI], pneumonia [PNEU], bloodstream infection [BSI] and urinary tract infection [UTI]), outlined in earlier chapters of this NHSN manual, as well as criteria for other types of HAIs. Of particular importance, this chapter provides further required criteria for the specific event types that constitute organ/space SSIs (e.g. mediastinitis [MED] following coronary artery bypass graft, intra-abdominal abscess [IAB] following colon surgery, etc.).
On patched variational principles in elasticity

In this paper we show how to use a combination of variational principles, each for a given subregion of the underlying region of space, so as to best utilize the chief benefits of the individual principles.
Robust control of uncertain systems in the absence of matching conditions: Scalar input

Robust control is derived for general linear uncertain systems with scalar control. Matching conditions are not assumed to hold. The solution to this general class is made possible by transforming the original system to canonical controllable form. A constant switching surface Fx = 0 is constructed by designing the closed-loop characteristics as a function of the uncertainties so that the uncertainties in the positive definite solution of Lyapunov's equation cancel the uncertainties in the canonical controllable transformation. The derived control law u(x) has a linear negative feedback term -Kx and a nonlinear term ?u(x) that switches on the switching surface Fx = 0. The nonlinear component ?u(x) of the robust control law is shown to depend on the product of the canonical controllable transformation and the difference between the closed-loop and open-loop characteristics. Examples are presented.
Cytosol progesterone receptors of the rat uterus: assay and receptor characteristics.

Abstract A reliable assay has been developed for the progesterone receptor of rat uterus. Cytosol was prepared in a buffer containing 10 mM Tris with 30% v/v glycerol at pH 7.4 and was incubated with [ 3 H]-progesterone in the presence or absence of unlabeled progesterone, R5020 (17,21-dimethyl-19-nor-4, 9-pregnadiene-3, 20-dione), or cortisol at 4°C overnight. This incubation procedure results in complete binding and/or exchange of the [ 3 H]-steroid-receptor complex with no detectable degradation up to 48 h. Separation of free [ 3 H]-progesterone from that bound to receptor was accomplished by brief (~ 30 sec) exposure to dextran-coated charcoal at 4°C. Nonspecifically bound [ 3 H]-progesterone was estimated by competition analysis as previously described [ Steroids 24 (1974) 599]. The progesterone receptor thus measured exhibited minimal affinity for cortisol and corticosterone and high affinity for R5020. In addition, the receptor was thermolabile, unstable when incubated overnight at 4°C in the absence of steroid, and sensitive to a sulfhydryl-blocking reagent. Scatchard analysis of [ 3 H]-progesterone binding to the receptor yielded K D = 3.3 ± 0.5 nM and n = 9.9 ± 1.1 pmol/uterus in the estradiol-primed ovariectomized adult rat. The relative binding activities of steroids for the receptor were R5020 > progesterone > deoxycorticosterone > corticosterone > dexamethasone or cortisol. This specific progesterone receptor was absent in cytosol from lung and diaphragm. Injection of estradiol-17β resulted in an increase in the amount of cytosol progesterone receptor 24 and 48 h later. Cytosol receptor depletion was observed l h after progesterone injection, implying translocation to the nucleus. Thus, a cytosol progesterone receptor exists in the rat uterus and is readily distinguishable from the corticosteroid-binding-globulin-like protein.
Practicing What We Preach? An Analysis of the Curriculum of Values in Medical Education

Abstract Purpose: Although medical students are expected to adopt and practice the ideals stated in the Hippocratic Oath, little is known about whether these values are actually taught during clinical training. The purpose of this study was to examine the "recommended curriculum" of medical values and compare it with values that are actually taught. Subjects and Methods: The recommended curriculum was identified through content analysis of curriculum documents and interviews with individuals responsible for teaching. The taught curriculum of values was identified through naturalistic observations and audio taping of inpatient internal medicine teams at an academic medical center. Results: The values most consistently recommended in the medical curriculum are honesty, accountability, compassion, the importance of public health, and self-policing. While accountability and caring were found frequently in the taught curriculum, self-policing and the importance of public health were emphasized less. Interprofessional respect and the importance of service were present in the recommended curriculum, but were taught as interprofessional disrespect and as the burden of service. The importance of industry (working hard) was not found in the recommended curriculum, but frequently identified in the taught curriculum. Conclusion: This study indicates that one reason medical students are not learning the intended norms of the profession may be that the teachers are not consistently teaching the recommended values of the profession. Future research should concentrate on confirming these findings in other settings and on understanding why these values are not consistently taught.
Sowing the Seeds of Citizenship and Social Justice: Service-Learning in a Public Speaking Course.

Students enrolled in two sections of the public speaking courses at a small liberal arts university were required to do 10 hours of service in a local not for profit agency. Student comments indica...
Assessment of Offshore Wind Resource in China Using CFSR Data

The offshore wind farms have many advantages over the onshore ones: they are not affected by the terrain, ground vegetation, buildings and other landscape features, so they have stronger and steadier wind, higher wind power density, smaller turbulence intensity and other advantages. Therefore, offshore wind power becomes the developing trends of wind power industry nowadays. However, its development faces the challenge of how to assess offshore wind resources accurately. It is difficult to get accurate, long-term, large-scale measured data on sea, and the nearshore observations cannot be substitute for the offshore wind conditions directly. This paper applies the NCEP CFSR reanalysis data (combines with the WMO marine observation data) to research the offshore wind resource assessment of China. We find that CFSR reanalysis data is consistent with the observation data, and it can provide a reference for China offshore wind resource assessment. The result of China offshore wind resource distribution is obtained finally.