cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen Application for Spring Growth of Cool-season Grasses Overseeded in Unimproved Warm-season Pasture

In the southern Great Plains fall overseeding of annual forages into dormant warm-season pasture can increase herbage production in spring and early summer of the following year, but production in early spring, when it is most needed, is usually limited and competition between cool- and warm-season components of mixed pasture may result in only small benefit in total annual yield. The effects of early-producing species, or of stimulation of early growth by nitrogen (N) fertilizer application to the cool-season crop, on early-season availability of herbage and on competition within mixed pasture were evaluated in a series of experiments. Rye (Secale cereale L.), oats (Avena sativa L.), or annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflo rum Lam.) were overseeded into dormant unimproved warm-season pasture in fall and provided 22, 45, or 67 lb/acre of N fertilizer in mid-February of the following year. Neither rye nor annual ryegrass showed significant advance in early-season growth (up to early April) resulting from increased N application, and herbage dry matter (DM) yield response was <4.0 lb DM/lb N applied over this period. Over uninterrupted spring growth to a mid-May harvest, DM yield responses to applied N were similar in rye and annual ryegrass and ranged from 9.3 to 32.3 lb DM/lb N. Oats did not tolerate low winter temperatures. Choice of cool-season annual grass species for overseeding and level of N application in spring had little impact on DM yield of the warm-season grass component of mixed cool- and warm-season pasture.
Russia's Billionaires

Abstract Using data collected by Forbes since the 1990s, I examine the emergence and survival of the super-wealthy in Russia over the past two decades and compare Russia's record to those of other countries. The major surge in the number of Russian billionaires came in the mid-2000s, mirroring the dynamic worldwide. While early billionaires were predominantly found in the oil, gas, metals, and banking sectors, the distribution has become more diverse, now including some in trade, real estate, chemicals, and information technology. Only a minority of today's Russian billionaires acquired significant assets in the privatization of the 1990s.
Effects of NO synthase inhibition on the muscular blood flow response to treadmill exercise in rats

The functional role of nitric oxide (NO) release in regulating blood flow (BF) to exercising skeletal muscle was studied in conscious male Sprague-Dawley rats (603 +/- 28 g; n = 6). In this study, BF was measured using radiolabeled microspheres during treadmill exercise (10% grade, 20 m/min) before and after NO synthase (NOS) inhibition with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (30 mg/kg ia). After NOS inhibition, mean arterial blood pressure increased from resting baseline values and the duration of vasodilator responses to acetylcholine (ACh) injections (3.0 and 10.0 micrograms/kg ia) was diminished (P < 0.05), demonstrating reduced NOS function. During exercise, BF to the kidneys and organs of the gut was reduced after NOS inhibition. In addition, BF was reduced in 16 of the 28 individual hindquarter muscles or muscle parts. Moreover these reductions in BF were linearly correlated with the estimated sum of the percentage of fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic (FOG) and slow-twitch oxidative (SO) types of fibers found in each muscle [delta BF = -1.1 (%SO + %FOG) + 16.4; r = 0.88, P < 0.001]. These results suggest that NO-mediated vasodilation contributes to the BF responses within and among the muscles of the rat's hindquarters during exercise.
Network support, technology use, depression, and ART adherence among HIV-positive MSM of color

Depression is associated with poor antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS. This relationship may be moderated by an individual's social network characteristics. Our study sought to examine social network correlates of treatment adherence among HIV-positive men recruited from social service agencies throughout Los Angeles County (N = 150) to inform technology-driven social support interventions for this population. We administered egocentric social network and computer-assisted survey interviews focused on demographic characteristics, health history, depressive symptoms, and ART adherence, where adherence was assessed by the number of reasons participants missed taking their medication, if ever. Significant univariate correlates of adherence were included in a multivariable regression analysis, where the moderating effect of having a network member who reminds participants to take their HIV medication on the relationship between depression and adherence was tested. Over 60% of participants reported clinically significant depressive symptoms; this was significantly associated with lower adherence among those without someone in their social network to remind them about taking their HIV medication, even after adjusting for covariates in an ordinary least squares regression (adjusted mean difference b = -1.61, SE = 0.42, p = 0.0003). Having a network member who reminds participants to take their ART medication significantly ameliorated the negative association between depression and treatment adherence, especially for those reporting greater depressive symptoms (p = 0.0394). Additionally, participants demonstrated high rates of technology use to communicate with social network members. In order to achieve the aims of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy, innovative interventions addressing mental health to improve ART adherence are needed. Network strategies that leverage technology may be helpful for improving ART adherence among HIV-positive men with comorbid depressive symptoms.
Latent Profile Analysis of Innovation Culture:How Innovation Culture Drives Innovation Performance

This study extends current theory on organizational culture and innovation in two ways. First, innovation culture was operationalized with respect to the most current frameworks and definitions of ...
Detecting phytoplankton diatom fraction based on the spectral shape of satellite‐derived algal light absorption coefficient

Knowledge about phytoplankton composition is important for biological and biogeochemical research as well as for ecological applications (e.g., water quality) in coastal and inland waters. Satellite remote sensing can potentially map the baseline patterns, anomalies, and trends of phytoplankton composition on a synoptic basis. A prominent challenge is the attribution of the total optical signal to phytoplankton amid interference from minerals and humus. Here, we obtained the phytoplankton light absorption coefficient, aph(λ), in the Chesapeake Bay by partitioning satellite-derived total light absorption coefficient of water using the generalized stacked-constraints model (GSCM). We show that the red-to-blue band ratio of GSCM-derived aph(670)/aph(440) can be associated with diatom fraction in Chesapeake Bay. Further, the spatial-temporal patterns shown in the satellite-derived diatom fraction data agree well with field studies conducted previously around this region, including low diatom dominance in summer, high diatom dominance in the lower bay in winter, diatom-dominated spring blooms in coastal waters outside of the bay, and increasing seasonal variability of diatom fraction from the upper to the lower bay. We also found that in the middle bay the summer diatom fraction correlates strongly with spring streamflow on an annual basis, which can be explained because sediment deposited by spring freshets is the main source of silicate supply during summer. These results suggest that the satellite-derived diatom fraction maps can serve as a baseline for detecting phytoplankton composition anomalies, and highlight the effectiveness of using absorption-based approach to extract phytoplankton composition information for optically complex waters.
Behavioral economics in spine care

Abstract Basic economic theory states that humans act in a rational manner when presented with the proper information. Over the years it has been clear though that similar incentives can result in different behaviors among different individuals. The field of behavioral economics has been created as an attempt to understanding the link between incentives and behaviors. As physician payment reform evolves toward rewarding value and outcomes, understanding some of the basic tenets of behavioral economics can help providers as they attempt to navigate the new payment methodologies.
Neutron Resonance in Samarium

The total neutron cross section of Sm/sup 152/ was measured in the energy range from 6.84 to 9.18 ev with the BNL crystal spectrometer using the Be (1231) crystal planes as a monochromator. The resonance at 8.036 ev was fitted to a BreitWigner single-level formula by the method of shape analysis. Since the target nucleus is even-even, I = 0, and hence the statistical weight factor g = 1. Consequently all BreitWigner parameters can be determined from the total cross section measurements alone. The resonance parameters obtained from the analysis are: E/sub o/= 8.036 plus or minus 0.010 ev, sigma /sub o/= 210,000 plus or minus 2000 barns, GAMMA = 0.201 plus or minus 0.008 ev, GAMMA gamma = O.071 plus or minus 0.010 ev, and GAMMA /sub n/ = 0.130 plus or minus 0.005 ev. (auth)
An Rb family–independent E2F3 transcription factor variant impairs STAT5 signaling and mammary gland remodeling during pregnancy in mice

E2F transcription factors are regulated by binding to the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor family of proteins. Previously, we reported an E2FLQ mutation that disrupts the binding with Rb proteins without affecting the transcriptional activity of E2F. We also showed that mouse embryonic fibroblasts with an E2F3LQ mutation exhibit increased E2F activity and more rapid cell proliferation. In this report, we analyzed E2F3LQ mice to further characterize the in vivo consequences of Rb family-independent E2F3 activity. We found that homozygous E2F3LQ mice were viable and had no obvious developmental defects or tumor growth. Our results also indicated that E2F3LQ cells largely retain normal control of cell proliferation in vivo However, female E2F3LQ mice had partial nursing defects. Examination of the E2F3LQ mammary glands revealed increased caveolin-1 (CAV1) expression, reduced prolactin receptor/Stat5 signaling, and impaired pregnancy-induced cell proliferation and differentiation. Of note, ChIP experiments disclosed that E2F3 binds the CAV1 promoter. Furthermore, E2F3 overexpression induced CAV1 expression, and CRISPR/CAS9-mediated E2F3 knockout reduced CAV1 levels and also increased prolactin receptor-induced Stat5 signaling in mammary epithelial cells. Our results suggest that the Rb family-independent E2F3 LQ variant inhibits pregnancy-induced mammary gland cell proliferation and differentiation by up-regulating CAV1 expression and inhibiting Stat5 signaling.
Sentence Diversity in Early Language Development: Recommendations for Target Selection and Progress Monitoring.

Purpose This clinical focus article describes how to assess and when to target diverse, simple sentences as part of early language intervention. Method The theoretical foundations and clinical moti...
Endocrine therapy use in the twenty-first century: usage rates and temporal trends illustrate opportunities for improvement for South Carolina Medicaid women.

This study examines endocrine therapy (ET) non-initiation, non-adherence, and duration by age, race, temporal trend for South Carolina Medicaid-enrolled women diagnosed with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer between 2000 and 2014 (N = 3830). Age, race, relative risk, and median duration of ET use were compared. Temporal trends in ET non-initiation, non-adherence, and duration were observed using linear and logistic regression models, controlling for age and race. Fifty-three percent of women in the sample did not initiate ET, with highest non-initiation rates among African Americans and survivors under age 50. Of those who did initiate ET, 42% were non-adherent with a median ET usage duration of 37 months. Twenty-one percent of initiators continued taking ET for 5 years or more. There was no change in the odds of ET non-initiation from 2000 to 2004 (OR 1.02, p = 0.67). The odds of ET non-initiation decreased from 2005 to 2009 (OR 0.81, p < 0.001) but then increased from 2010 to 2014 (OR 1.08, p = 0.002). There was no change in the odds of ET non-adherence from 2000 to 2006 (OR 1.02, p = 0.53), but from 2007 to 2012, the odds of ET non-adherence decreased each year (OR 0.93, p = 0.02). The average ET usage duration was increasing from 2000 to 2006 (β = 2.74, p < 0.001) but decreasing from 2006 to 2012 (β = − 1.46, p < 0.001). This study provides a realistic picture of the challenges associated with ET usage among South Carolina Medicaid breast cancer patients. It particularly highlights small improvements over time in ET usage rates, indicating more opportunities for improvement in ET initiation, adherence, and duration among younger women of lower socio-economic status.
A discrete model for particle deposition

Simulation of deposit growth on a two-dimensional substrate was studied based on a new model that tracks individual cubic particles as they form a deposit structure. The present model is an extension of the classical ballistic deposition model. Effects of three different parameters were studied. These include an attraction parameter that is a measure of the particle to particle attractions, an interaction length within which the particles are assumed to influence and be influenced by surrounding particles, and allowed sticking positions (face-face, edge-edge and corner-corner) that favor particular growth directions. Structures with widely varying properties were obtained using this model. The three parameters were found to have considerable effect on the structure including indications of morphological phase transformations. A new property of the system (saturated roughness/deposit growth rate) was identified that can classify the different types of growth into a single type.
Comments on the paper of Pierre Audigier (1)

Continuity and more predictable and certain performance is the thrust of Pierre Audigier’s overall assessment of Gorbachev’s economic plans and policy. To the Soviet leaders’ rhetoric of change, Dr. Audigier in his panel paper renders a Scotch verdict — not proven. There is, however, a case to be made for change and uncertainty which I will attempt herein.
Examining the effects of news coverage linking undocumented immigrants with criminality: Policy and punitive implications

ABSTRACTAlthough research suggests that there is no meaningful real-world connection between crime rates and undocumented immigrants, media coverage of this group almost exclusively portrays them as criminals. The present two-study investigation experimentally tests the effects of exposure to crime news depicting undocumented immigrant suspects on White viewers’ social judgments. To this end, assumptions from social identity theory were applied to research and theorizing on mediated intergroup threat and compound penalties for immigrant criminality. Results from Study 1 and Study 2 indicate that when White viewers are exposed to threatening crime news featuring undocumented immigrants, out-group bias emerges in the form of harsher sentencing. In Study 1, when exposed to highly threatening coverage, attitudes toward immigration and in-group identification partially mediated and moderated this relationship, respectively.
Perovskite Quantum Dots. A New Absorber for Perovskite-Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

The nanoscale properties of CsPbI 3 quantum dots allows for the advantageous manipulation of its phase diagram. We show that these all-inorganic halide perovskite nanocrystals can be used to fabricate colloidal perovskite quantum dot solar cells with low voltage losses. Despite only recently emerging on the photovoltaic scene, CsPbI 3 quantum dot solar cells have already achieved approximately 85% of their Shockley-Quessier limit open-circuit voltage, among the lowest voltage loss achieved for any material with a band gap of 1.7 eV, excepting III-V semiconductors. The low losses in these devices recently led to a world record certified quantum dot solar cell efficiency of 13.4%. While single junction thin film perovskite solar cells have surpassed 22% power conversion efficiency, perovskite-perovskite tandem solar cells offer the potential for power conversion efficiencies exceeding 30%. However, to accomplish this ambitious goal, perovskite solar cells must be designed with low losses and the appropriate band gaps, which differ from the ideal band gap for single junction perovskite solar cells. In this respect, the incredibly low voltage loss and tunable band gap of CsPbI 3 quantum dots make them ideally suited for all-perovskite tandem solar cell applications.
MULTIMODALITY APPROACH IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF DOUBLE-CHAMBERED RIGHT VENTRICLE IN AN ADULT

Double-chambered right ventricle (DCRV) seldom presents in adulthood. Diagnosis of this condition can be challenging, and requires a multimodality approach. A 38 year old woman with a history of ventricular septal defect (VSD) presented with exertional chest pain and dyspnea. A harsh systolic
ENERGY DRINK CONSUMPTION RESULTING IN SEVERE HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA, HYPERGLYCEMIA, AND ACUTE PANCREATITIS

Energy drink (ED) consumption is a growing concern in the United States. EDs contain caffeine, a variety of plant based stimulants (guarana, ephedrine, and yerba mate), herbal extracts (ginseng, ginkgo biloba), sugars, and amino acids.1 Studies suggest that ED consumption is associated with platelet
A comparison of the physical and chemical properties of four cytochromes c from Azotobacter vinelandii

1. A modified method for the separation and purification of four cytochromes c from Azotobacter vinelandii is described. Two new cytochromes c have been purified and are designated cytochromes c (551) and c (555). 2. Additional evidence is presented to establish the dihaem nature of cytochrome c 4. Ultracentrifugation data indicated similar molecular weights for the native and the denatured protein. Cleavage with CNBr yielded seven peptides; the amino acid compositions of the purified peptides were determined. Only one haem peptide was recovered. 3. Cytochromes c (551) and c (555) were characterized as acidic proteins of molecular weights about 12000. The spectral properties, isoelectric points, ‘maps’ of peptides from CNBr cleavage and amino acid compositions were determined for these two proteins. 4. The spectral properties, isoelectric points, molecular weights, CNBr peptide ‘maps’, amino acid compositions, relative oxidation–reduction potentials and e.p.r. (electron-paramagnetic-resonance) spectra of the four cytochromes c were compared. Cytochrome c 4 and cytochrome c (551) appear to be distinct proteins. The distinction between cytochromes c 5 and c (555) was not as clear, and our data are inadequate to establish firmly that they are distinct proteins. 5. The dihaem nature of cytochrome c 4 is evident in its e.p.r. spectrum. The e.p.r. spectra are similar to the spectra of mammalian cytochromes c .
Community Mental Health Centers: A Marketing Challenge

The purpose of Community Mental Health Centers (CMHC's) is to plan and implement preventive maintenance and crisis intervention programs to individuals in the community in need of these services. To do this successfully, the community should be segmented into a variety of markets and special programs designed for each segment. Because every individual thinks his problems are unique, the CMHC's need to be marketed so members of potential client markets will be informed that a service has been designed to meet their individual's needs. The problem, in terms of accomplishing this end, is that the CMHC's are generally staffed by people not trained in marketing.
Microbial production of water-soluble non curdlan type exopolymer-B with controlled composition by agrobacterium sp

The cell growth, production of exopolymers, and the molar ratio of glucose to mannose in the water-soluble non curdlan type exopolymer-B (WSNCE-B), which is one of three exopolymers purified from the culture of Agrobacterium sp., varied with carbon source, culture medium, and initial medium pH. The molar percentage of rhamnose, a minor component in WSNCE-B, varied up to 13%, dependent on physiological conditions. No rhamnose was found in the WSNCE-B purified from the culture with initial medium pH> 6.8. The relative amount of mannose in WSNCE-B increased regularly with the amount of yeast extract added to the mineral salts medium. The relative amounts of glucose, mannose, and rhamnose in the WSNCE-B can be controlled by varying culture conditions.
Iron uptake at the blood-brain barrier is influenced by sex and genotype

Iron transport to the brain is a critically important and highly regulated process necessary for proper brain function. This review aims to summarize iron uptake mechanisms in the brain and the importance of sex and genotype on this uptake. In restless legs syndrome (RLS), brain iron uptake has been hypothesized to be dysregulated, leading to the clinically observed brain iron deficiency, so this review specifically comments on this disorder. The review covers transferrin-bound transport and the more recently discovered role of ferritin in brain iron delivery. Studies on the impact of sex, MEIS1 (associated with RLS), and H63D gene variants have revealed critical regulatory mechanisms and driving factors that significantly impact iron transport that may considerably affect the clinical treatment of RLS. RLS has provided insights into the gaps in knowledge underlying brain iron uptake mechanisms and their regulation, which in turn have provided insights into the pathophysiology of RLS.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Anxiety Disorders in Young Children: A Dutch Open Trial of the Fun FRIENDS Program

Anxiety disorders in young children are highly prevalent and increase the risk of social, school, and familial problems, and also of psychiatric disorders in adolescence and adulthood. Nevertheless, effective interventions for this age group are lacking. One of the few available interventions is the Fun FRIENDS program. We examined whether young children with anxiety disorders showed less anxiety after participating in Fun FRIENDS. Twenty-eight clinically anxious children (4–8 years old) participated in the cognitive behavioural Fun FRIENDS program. The program consists of 12 weekly 1.5-hour sessions and was provided in groups of 3 to 5 children. At preintervention and direct postintervention, parents completed the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for Children and Child Behavior Checklist. Clinically and statistically significant decreases were found in number of anxiety disorders, symptom interference, emotional and behavioural problems, internalising problems, and anxiety problems. The decrease in anxious/ depressed problems and externalising problems was not significant. Furthermore, higher preintervention anxiety levels predicted more treatment progress, whereas sex and age did not. The Dutch version of Fun FRIENDS is promising in treating anxiety disorders in young children. Randomised controlled trials are needed to draw definite conclusions on the effectiveness of Fun FRIENDS in a clinical setting
Chapter 18 – Scripted Installation

Publisher Summary This chapter provides a good understanding of how to quickly scale out the virtual infrastructure using scripted installation methods. To begin, as a prerequisite for the scripted installation method, it needs an ESX server built and ready to perform the setup for the scripted installation. Some of the unique parameters include, Installation, Root Password, Time Zone, IP Address Information, Disk Partition Information, and Licensing Data. To create the script, one should log on to the prebuilt ESX Server via a Web browser. To perform a remote network installation with a boot floppy, one needs to follow three steps. First, to use dd, rawwritewin, or rawrite to create a fl oppy image called bootnet.img. This file is located on the ESX Server CD-ROM in the /images directory. The second step is to put the boot floppy in the ESX host, and then boot the server. The third step is to complete the installation, which is very similar to installing ESX Server normally.
Examining COVID19 Positivity-Ratio Trends in US States from April-July: Are Rising Caseloads Attributable to ‘More Testing’ and Do State Political-Affiliations Play a Role?

Abstract Importance Rising Covid19 cases in the US are attributed by some political leaders to more testing. Positivity-ratios (cases to tests ratio) in conjunction with cases and tests provide a better overview. However, comprehensive overviews of positivity-ratio patterns are scarce. Objective To examine trends in positivity-ratios, tests and cases by state from mid-April-mid-July. Further, to examine whether positivity-ratio patters are associated with state political-affiliations. Methods State-level publicly available data on Covid19 is used. Seven-day moving averages (MA7) of positivity-ratio are computed for April 21-July 15. States are assigned to four groups based on patterns of change in positivity-ratio – higher at end of study period than beginning (Group 1), initial decline but subsequent increase starting Memorial Day weekend (Group 2), initial decrease but an upturn in last 14 days (Group 3), and consistent downward trend (Group 4). ‘Political-affiliation’ is categorized as ‘Republican-leaning’ if President Trump won the state and the governor is Republican. Additionally, a proxy measure is used to indicate intensity of Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests in the state. Associations are tested using chi-square analysis. Results Fourteen states are in Group 1, fifteen states in Group 2, fifteen states in Group 3, and six states and DC in Group 4. 78.57% of Group 1, 33.33% of Group 2, 40% of group 3, and none in Group 4 were Republican-leaning. The difference in distribution was statistically significant (p 0.10). Conclusion Increased Covid19 cases cannot be attributed to more testing. Indeed, the high positivity-ratios in most states indicate current testing is failing to capture actual infection rates. The association between state political-affiliation and positivity-ratios suggests Republican voters may be somewhat more skeptical of the gravity of the disease and emphasizes the importance of messaging by political leaders.
Esophageal, Gastric, and Duodenal Histologic Findings in Patients with Feeding Difficulties

Currently, there are inconsistencies in the recommendations of when to obtain an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in children with feeding difficulties. The aim of our study was to identify EGD findings in patients presenting to a large, outpatient feeding program. Additionally, we investigated the presence of any relationship between abnormal pathology seen on biopsies (inflammation) and symptoms of feeding intolerance such as vomiting, gagging, retching, or abdominal pain. Retrospective analysis of electronic medical records (EMRs) was conducted for all new patients aged 0-17 years presenting to the Multidisciplinary Feeding Clinic. Three hundred and thirty patients (50.2%) had an EGD with complete biopsies. Of these 330 patients, biopsies revealed esophagitis in 40%, gastritis in 33.6%, and duodenitis in 15.2%. Overall, 61.21% had an abnormal pathology in at least one site. We found that children with feeding disorders commonly have esophagitis, gastritis, and/or duodenitis and that symptoms are poor predictors of pathology. This study underscores the importance of gastrointestinal evaluation as part of a multidisciplinary evaluation in patients with feeding difficulties.
Quantum Hall superconductivity from moiré Landau levels

It has long been speculated that quasi-two-dimensional superconductivity can reappear above its semiclassical upper critical field due to Landau quantization; yet this reentrant property has never been observed. Here, we argue that twisted bilayer graphene at a magic angle (MATBG) is an ideal system in which to search for this phenomenon because its Landau levels are doubly degenerate and its superconductivity appears already at carrier densities small enough to allow the quantum limit to be reached at relatively modest magnetic fields. We study this problem theoretically by combining a simplified continuum model for the electronic structure of MATBG with a phenomenological attractive pairing interaction and discuss obstacles to the observation of quantum Hall superconductivity presented by disorder, thermal fluctuations, and competing phases.
Gross v. Switzerland : A Deadly Dose for Personal Autonomy

On May 14, 2013, the European Court of Human Rights held that the current assisted suicide law in Switzerland was insufficiently clear. Specifically, the failure to address whether a person who was not terminally ill could access the necessary drug violated Article 8 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The court would remove impediments to obtaining lethal prescriptions by insisting on clearer laws, though it did not go far enough by failing to recognize an affirmative right to assisted suicide. Before this decision was finalized, however, unexpected events in the case led the European Court of Human Rights’ Grand Chamber to render the 2013 decision inadmissible. Despite this development, the 2013 decision provides insight into how the court is likely to analyze the issue of assisted suicide in the future for individuals without a terminal diagnosis.
Asian Americans and Creative Music Legacies

This essay is an introduction to what has been called the Asian American Creative Music Movement, focusing especially on musicians based in the San Francisco Bay area. It examines the history of those musicians' networks and situates their work as both musicians and activists in relation to African American creative music legacies.
Should Performance Dedicate

N ORDER immediately to dissipate any element of suspense which may exist, let me say that, to the question posed by my title, the answer isYes. But to demonstrate that answer I shall have to indulge in a bit of historical review, in some analysis of the cases, and, most of all, in what I hope will be considered logical reasoning. To place the question in its proper context, let me put three not uncommon situations, illustrative of the present law: 1. Assume an author of a play who, reproducing it in a few copies for sale, offers it to all who desire to buy. He neglects, however, to comply with the fairly simple requirements of the Copyright Act but does place a notice in his book that purchase of it entitles the buyer to use it only for his personal enjoyment but does not authorize him to reproduce it in copies, perform it or otherwise make any public use of it. The result of his carelessness, or perhaps, lack of legal advice, is that his. work is dedicated to the public, even though he obviously had no intention of doing that, and even though he did not succeed in selling a single copy.' 2. Now assume the same author who, somewhat better advised, registers his manuscript under section 12 of the Act and thus secures the rights made available by that statute. He sedulously refrains from reproducing it in copies for sale, but he does succeed in having it performed on the stage for the benefit of all who may come. In that situation, there is no doubt that his rights are measured solely by the statute and that upon the expiration of the statutory term his work is dedicated to the public.2 3. Finally, let us take the same author who this time has received the ultimate in sound legal advice. He does not bother to register his play under the Copyright Act; nor does he reproduce it in copies for sale. But he does cause the play to be performed. Here, notwithstanding the number or extent of its public performances, he loses no rights whatever but retains for himself, his heirs and assigns, a perpetual monopoly in the work. And this is
Recognition and critiquing of erroneous agent actions

An agent can perform erroneous actions. Despite such errors, one might want to understand what the agent tried to achieve. Such understanding is important, for example, in intelligent tutoring and expert critiquing systems. In intelligent tutoring, feedback to the agent--i.e, the student--should focus on which actions made sense and which did not. To achieve such understanding, we propose a combined planning and plan recognition approach. This paper focuses on plan-based plan recognition. We describe a generic recognition algorithm and show how it can be used for plan recognition and critiquing. The approach is illustrated using a real-world application in the area of multi-media tutoring of ship crisis management.
Big Data in Communication Research: Its Contents and Discontents

I had two goals in mind when I decided to dedicate a special issue of the Journal of Communication to “Big Data.” One was to provide an outlet for the growing number of excellent Big Data studies on mass communication, digital technologies, political communication, health communication, and many other areas of interest to our discipline. My focus was on empirical papers that made substantive contributions using newmethods, rather than on explanations, endorsements, or critiques of the Big Data movement.The goal was to showcase the state of the art in recent research in computational communication science. My second goal was to provide a benchmark for research innovation. Big Data research is still in its infancy in communication. Relatively little of the work done in this early stage will stand the test of time, but all of it will likely be critical in the on going process of conceptual andmethodological advance.The articles featured in this issue represent the best of what is currently being done. Their strengths will guide future work, but so, too, will their limitations.
iJoin: Importance-Aware Join Approximation over Data Streams

We address approximate join processing over data streams when memory limitations cause incoming tuples to overflow the available memory, precluding exact processing. Moreover, in many real-world applications such as for news-feeds and sensor-data, different tuples may have different importancelevels. Current methods pay little attention to load-shedding when tuples bear such importance semantics, and perform poorly due to premature tupledrops and unproductive tupleretention. We propose a novel framework, called iJoin, which overcomes these drawbacks, maximizes result importance, and has the best performance compared to earlier work.
A COGNITIVE LOAD VIEW AND EMPIRICAL TEST OF COLLABORATION NETWORK STRUCTURE VERSUS LEARNING RATES IN NEW SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT

This study explores whether characteristics of the collaboration structure in software development teams affect development learning rates, with a secondary goal of testing product complexity as a moderator. We develop suitable hypotheses under the theoretical lens of cognitive load theory. The empirical study uses archival data on an ordinary least squares model to find significant associations between collaboration structure, product complexity and the learning rates exhibited by 230 development teams producing open source software. Results show two distinct subgroups of projects: The first subgroup exhibits an average 78% learning rate, and the other subgroup “unlearned”, i.e., productivity deteriorated over time instead of improved. In the learning subgroup, collaboration network density negatively impacted learning, while product complexity interacted with collaboration network centralisation and boundary spanning activity. In the unlearning subgroup, only network density impacted learning rates and no moderating effects were found. Practical implications and future opportunities for research are discussed.
Atypical and anaplastic meningiomas treated with bevacizumab

Atypical and anaplastic (WHO Grades II and III) meningiomas are aggressive tumors, and patients often progress despite surgery and radiation. There is no known effective chemotherapeutic option for these patients. Meningiomas have a high expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR). We sought to retrospectively study the activity of bevacizumab, which is an anti-angiogenic agent targeting the VEGF pathway in these tumors. This is a retrospective review of WHO Grade II and III meningiomas treated at four institutions, selecting only those patients who received bevacizumab. We analyzed radiographic response according to standard RANO criteria, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival from the initiation of bevacizumab therapy using Kaplan–Meier statistics. We identified 15 patients across four institutions who carried a diagnosis of atypical or anaplastic meningioma and were treated with bevacizumab. Best radiographic response was stable disease. MR perfusion studies showed decreased tumor blood volume in one patient. Three patients developed non-fatal intratumoral hemorrhage. Median PFS was 26 weeks (95 % CI, 10–29 weeks). Six month PFS rate was 43.8 % (95 % CI, 15.7–69.1 %). Bevacizumab was well-tolerated in our patients, and may be considered in patients who have exhausted radiation and surgical options. Prospective studies are required to define the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab in atypical and anaplastic meningiomas.
Model evaluation using grouped or individual data

Analyzing the data of individuals has several advantages over analyzing the data combined across the individuals (the latter we term group analysis): Grouping can distort the form of data, and different individuals might perform the task using different processes and parameters. These factors notwithstanding, we demonstrate conditions in which group analysis outperforms individual analysis. Such conditions include those in which there are relatively few trials per subject per condition, a situation that sometimes introduces distortions and biases when models are fit and parameters are estimated. We employed a simulation technique in which data were generated from each of two known models, each with parameter variation across simulated individuals. We examined how well the generating model and its competitor each fared in fitting (both sets of) the data, using both individual and group analysis. We examined the accuracy of model selection (the probability that the correct model would be selected by the analysis method). Trials per condition and individuals per experiment were varied systematically. Three pairs of cognitive models were compared: exponential versus power models of forgetting, generalized context versus prototype models of categorization, and the fuzzy logical model of perception versus the linear integration model of information integration. We show that there are situations in which small numbers of trials per condition cause group analysis to outperform individual analysis. Additional tables and figures may be downloaded from the Psychonomic Society Archive of Norms, Stimuli, and Data, www.psychonomic.org/archive.
The import of illiteracy to marketing communication

Research identifies nearly 73 million adult Americans as illiterate. Analysis of social, economic and demographic trends indicates that the situation will worsen before it improves. Marketing communications copy prepared at an eighth grade reading level or above may not be comprehended by as much as one‐third of the population, resulting in a severe loss of potential sales and excessive advertising expense. Marketing research to date focusses on the impact of message, source, and channel variables on consumer behavior. However, the current “illiteracy crisis” argues that we reform our thinking ti consider how consumer literacy should influence our message, source, and channel determinations. Key tasks for marketers include evaluating the clarity, readability and specificity of promotional materials; pretesting the marketing communication on a sample of the target audience; and carefully assessing all options available for source and channel selection.
Electrophysiologic studies in Mobitz type II second degree heart block

Abstract The electrophysiologic basis for Mobitz type II second degree heart block was studied in a patient with documented episodes of complete heart block and Stokes-Adams seizures. Recording of His bundle electrograms demonstrated that all atrial impulses were conducted through the atrioventricular (A-V) node to the bundle of His. Nonconducted P waves were blocked distal to the bundle of His. The frequency of blocked beats increased when the rate was accelerated by atrial pacing. Administration of atropine caused more frequent blocked beats, reaffirming the concept that the block occurred beyond the node. It is concluded that Mobitz type II second degree heart block is a manifestation of bilateral bundle branch block. Testing with atropine in this case was useful in distinguishing block in the bundle branches from that in the A-V node.
nanoHUB.org - Online Simulation and More Materials for Semiconductors and Nanoelectronics in Education and Research

NanoHUB.org provides a community service to over 65,000 users in over 172 countries annually with "online simulations and and more". Over 85 interactive simulation tools supported by tutorials and general nanotechnology information material are available free of charge to anybody. In all there are over 1,000 resources on nanoHUB. Usage in over 30 classes in the last year and over 270 citations in the literature demonstrate dual usage of nanoHUB in education and research. The content is contributed by members of the Network for Computational Nanotechnology (NCN) which hosts nanoHUB and an increasing number of users. nanoHUB.org is supported by a state-of-the-art content management system and embraces Web 2.0 technologies, that engage the user community through automated contribution processes, tagging, and user ratings. User ratings, usage patterns, and scientific citations of nanoHUB content flow into the content ranking which influences the ranking in nanoHUB searches and category listings. Despite these advanced capabilities, some users still benefit from "personal collections" or "topic pages" by domain experts that aggregate nanoHUB content for specific audiences. Here we highlight the topic pages on "Nanoelectronics", "Non-Equilibrium Green Functions", and "Semiconductor Device Education Materials" as examples relevant to the IEEE nano community.
Playgrounds of Unlimited Potential: Adaptation, Documentary, and Dogtown and Z-Boys

This article begins with the question, what does it mean to adapt in the realm of documentary? Noting at the outset commentary on this issue from Dudley Andrew and Walter Metz, the essay explores the documentary Dogtown and Z-Boys, a film about the resurgence of popularity of skateboarding in the United States in the mid-1970s—largely, the film argues, through the “Z-Boys,” a group of kids who, in attempting to imitate their surfing heroes, substituted the curves of asphalt for those of breaking waves. The central archivist of this period was an artist and photographer named Craig Stecyk, whose “Dogtown articles,” in the recently revived Skateboarder magazine, helped celebrate and promote the Z-Boys's style of skateboarding. It is this essay's contention that Dogtown and Z-Boys is an adaptation of Stecyk's writing and, more importantly, his photographs—and that while neither constitute the only source texts, they are nonetheless central to this adaptation. After establishing its focus, the article discusses Stecyk's background and aesthetics and compares his work to Modernist street photography (notably, the Mexican photographer Manuel Alvarez Bravo). The article then traces some explicit connections to Stecyk within the film—places where he is, in fact, the direct subject—before illustrating some even more important implicit connections between Stecyk's work and the documentary. Finally, after positing that a traditional adaptation studies approach might have to end at this stage (but also suggesting that adaptation studies has an interest in exploring new areas), the essay considers a notoriously difficult concept in cinema studies, excess, and how approaching documentary as an adaptation might inform critical discussions of that concept. The article ends by suggesting, in fact, that documentary studies and adaptation studies, normally discrete areas of cinema studies, might have more to offer one another than has in the past been the case.
On the rod placement theorem of Rybko and Shlosman

Given n?1 points $$x_1 \le x_2 \le \cdots \le x_{n-1}$$ on the real line and a set of n rods of strictly positive lengths $$\lambda_1 \le \lambda_2 \le \cdots \le \lambda_n$$ , we get to choose an n-th point xn anywhere on the real line and to assign the rods to the points according to an arbitrary permutation ?. The rod $$\lambda_{\pi(k)}$$ is thought of as the workload brought in by a customer arriving at time xk into a first in -first out queue which starts empty at ? ?. If any xi equals xj for i < j, service is provided to the rod assigned to xi before the rod assigned to xj. Let $$Y_{\pi} (x_n)$$ denote the set of departure times of the customers (rods). Let $$N_{\pi}(x_1, \ldots, x_{n-1}; \lambda_1, \ldots, \lambda_n)$$ denote the number of choices for the location of xn for which $$0 \in Y_{\pi}(x_n)$$ . Rybko and Shlosman proved that $$ \sum_\pi N_\pi (x_1, \ldots, x_{n-1}; \lambda_1, \ldots, \lambda_n) = n ! $$ for Lebesgue almost all $$(x_1, \ldots, x_{n-1}; \lambda_1, \ldots, \lambda_n)$$ . Let $$y_{\pi,k}(x_n)$$ denote the departure point of the rod ?k. Let N?, k(y) denote the number of choices for the location of xn for which $$y_{\pi,k}(x_n) = y$$ and let $$N_k(y) = \sum_\pi N_{\pi, k}(y)$$ . In this paper we prove that for every $$(x_1, \ldots, x_{n-1}; \lambda_1, \ldots, \lambda_n)$$ and every k we have $$N_k (y) = (n-1) !$$ for all but finitely many y. This implies (and strengthens) the rod placement theorem of Rybko and Shlosman.
Donor-Free Alkali Metal Thiolates: Synthesis and Structure of Dimeric, Trimeric, and Tetrameric Complexes with Sterically Encumbered Terphenyl Substituents.

The synthesis and characterization of the tetrameric lithium thiolate (LiSC6H2-2,4,6-Ph3)4·C7H8 (1), the trimeric lithium thiolate (LiSC6H3-2,6-Mes2)3·C6H14(2) (Mes = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2), the thiol HSC6H3-2,6-Trip2 (3) (Trip = 2,4,6-i-Pr3C6H2), and the complete alkali metal series of dimeric thiolates (MSC6H3-2,6-Trip2)2 (M = Li (4, 5), Na (6), K (7), Rb (8), Cs (9)) are described. The compounds were characterized by 1H, 7Li, and 13C NMR and IR spectroscopy and by X-ray crystallography. The compounds 1 and 2 crystallize as four- and three-rung ladder framework structures. The compounds 4−9 crystallize as dimers with M2S2 cores. In addition, the metal ions interact with the ortho aryl groups to varying degrees in all the structures. The extent of these interactions appears to be determined mainly by ionic sizes and geometric factors. The coordination geometry of the thiolato sulfurs also varies from pyramidal in 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 and one planar and one slightly pyramidal sulfur geometry in 7 to both sulfurs bei...