cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effect of Light Intensity on the Lipid Composition of Euglena gracilis

Cultures of the phytoflagellate Euglena gracilis were grown at light intensities varying from 120 to 610 footcandles. With increasing light intensity, the content of chlorophyll and of total lipids declined, whereas the percentage of 4,7,-10,13-hexadecatetraenoic acid and of α-linolenic acid rose sharply. The increased content of the two polyunsaturated fatty acids was even more pronounced in the chloroplast lipids and was greatest when the monogalactosyl glyceride fraction was analyzed separately. In Euglena, in spinach, and in Chlorella vulgaris all of the C16 polyunsaturated acids and the major portion of α-linolenic acid are localized in the monogalactosyl glyceride fraction. The finding that Hill reaction activity and lipid unsaturation show the same response to changes in light intensity is discussed with respect to the possible role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in photosynthetic oxygen evolution.
Cortical hyperostosis: a complication of prolonged prostaglandin infusion in infants awaiting cardiac transplantation.

Background. Infants awaiting heart transplantation for congenital heart disease frequently require prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) infusion for prolonged periods. As a result, complications of prolonged PGE1 infusion, such as cortical hyperostosis, are being encountered more commonly. Objective. To determine the incidence and severity of cortical hyperostosis in newborns requiring prolonged PGE1 infusion. Methods. Chest radiographs of 86 infants receiving PGE1 infusion awaiting heart transplantation were reviewed. The chest radiographs were graded for the severity of cortical hyperostosis (no bony changes, minimal hyperostosis, or severe hyperostosis). Duration of PGE1 infusion, total PGE1 dose, and highest alkaline phosphatase were recorded for each patient. Infants were arbitrarily divided into three groups according to the duration of PGE1 infusion ( 60 days). Results. Fifty-three of the 86 infants (62%) had radiologic evidence of cortical hyperostosis. Forty-two of 80 infants (53%) had elevated alkaline phosphatase. The percentage of infants with hyperostosis increased with increasing duration of PGE1 infusion (42% at 60 days). The incidence and severity of cortical hyperostosis were related (by Kruskal-Wallis) to the duration of PGE1 infusion (P Conclusion. It is concluded that cortical hyperostosis is a frequent, often asymptomatic, side effect of prolonged PGE1 infusion that should be evaluated in any infant on long-term PGE1 therapy. When symptoms occur in infants awaiting transplantation, osteomyelitis must be excluded rapidly to avoid an unnecessary delay in transplantation.
Appendix T: Third‐Order Terms at Input Frequency

Level of noise at the input frequency produced by third-order intermodulation of noise terms, supports Section 5.1.4.2.
Experience in using Electronics Workbench

This paper summarizes the usefulness of the circuit simulator Electronics Workbench in analysis and design verifications of electronic circuits. It simulates a real laboratory environment with meters, function generator, oscilloscope, and Bode plotter. It is illustrated through examples.
Investigation of the Heat-Island Effect for Heat-Flux Measurements in Short-Duration Facilities

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation designed to determine the possible influence of a surface-temperature discontinuity on the heat-flux history inferred from the temperature history of a miniature thin-film heat-flux gage (painted on an insulator) embedded in the surface of a metallic component. The resulting surface material discontinuity has the potential of causing a heat-island effect. Simultaneous measurements of the heat-flux history at selected locations along the midspan of a representative turbine airfoil (metal) were performed using continuous strip-type contoured inserts (without temperature discontinuity) and button-type inserts (with temperature discontinuity). Measurements are reported for two Reynolds number conditions. The experimental results suggest that for the experimental conditions of interest to gas turbine research in short-duration facilities, the influence of a potential heat-island on the measured heat flux is insignificant.
Recent progress of digital cinema over optical networks

A new super high definition digital cinema distribution system with a resolution of 8-million (4K/spl times/2K) pixels is developed. This system opens the door to the next generation of cinema-class digital content distribution over optical networks.
Comparison of two forms of long-term potentiation in single hippocampal neurons

In invertebrate nervous systems, some long-lasting increases in synaptic efficacy result from changes in the presynaptic cell. In the vertebrate nervous system, the best understood long-lasting change in synaptic strength is long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Here the process is initiated postsynaptically, but the site of the persistent change is unresolved. Single CA3 hippocampal pyramidal cells receive excitatory inputs from associational-commissural fibers and from the mossy fibers of dentate granule cells and both pathways exhibit LTP. Although the induction of associational-commissural LTP requires in the postsynaptic cell N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation, membrane depolarization, and a rise in calcium, mossy fiber LTP does not. Paired-pulse facilitation, which is an index of increased transmitter release, is unaltered during associational-commissural LTP but is reduced during mossy fiber LTP. Thus, both the induction and the persistent change may be presynaptic in mossy fiber LTP but not in associational-commissural LTP.
Public Housing Construction and the Cities: 1937–1967

Public housing advocates argue that the nation should expand the federal public housing program as part of an effort to increase the supply of affordable rental housing. This paper examines federal public housing construction in the largest US cities over the period 1937–1967, a period during which the public housing program was the primary program to provide low-income households with affordable rental housing. Public housing is found to depend upon the population level of the city, factors that characterize the housing stock as of 1950, the poverty level in the city, and the size of the nonwhite population in the city. The National Commission on Urban Problems (National commission on urban problems 1968, page 128) found that this supply response meant that “… the great need of the large central cities for housing for poor families was largely unmet.” Changes in racial segregation from 1940 to 1960 are found to be unrelated to public housing construction. While the current situation is different in many respects from circumstances of these earlier decades, a renewed effort to supply public housing might produce similar outcomes.
The Effect of Erythromycin on Resolution of Symptoms Among Adults with Pharyngitis Not Caused by Group A Streptococcus

To determine the effect of treatment with erythromycin on the resolution of symptoms among adults with pharyngitis not caused by group A streptococcus (GAS). Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ambulatory setting (hospital-based general internal medicine practices, walk-in clinic, employee health service, and university health service). One hundred and eighty-six adults who met eligibility criteria and whose chief complaint included sore throat. Patients with positive cultures for GAS were excluded. INTERVENTION: Ninety-three patients received erythromycin (333 mg three times daily for 10 days) and 93 control patients received placebo. Major outcome measurements included time to improvement in sore throat, time to improvement in cough, time to improvement in activity level, and subjective sense of well-being. The average age of the patients studied was 26.6 years; 35% were men. Patients given erythromycin had more rapid resolution of sore throat symptoms (hazard ratio 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00, 2.03; p = .049). Cough also resolved more rapidly in patients receiving erythromycin (hazard ratio 2.22; 95% CI 1.01, 4.88; p = .05). There were no differences between the two treatment groups in improvement of activity level or how sick patients felt in general. Most of the benefit in resolution of sore throat was conferred on patients who sought medical care within 2 days of onset. Our results suggest that the benefit of erythromycin treatment for patients with non-GAS pharyngitis is small and of borderline statistical significance. Because of the small size of the effect and because widespread use of erythromycin could promote drug resistance, we do not recommend routine use of erythromycin in adult patients with this type of pharyngitis.
Adult Children Taking Care of Their Aging Parents: A Multiple-Case Study on Caregivers' Perspectives

This qualitative study with eight adult children providing care to their aging parents revealed four major themes: family or family network served as the major mode of elderly care, the arrangement of elderly care engendering sibling conflicts, elderly's preference for independent household, and finally, a need for organised social service programmes for the elderly to supplement the current model of family care for their elderly members.
Na/H exchange in cultured chick heart cells: secondary stimulation of electrogenic transport during recovery from intracellular acidosis.

Intracellular acidosis is capableof stimulating a rapid amiloride-sensitive Na/H exchange mechanism in the cell membrane of cultured chick heart cells. The sequence of changes of intracellular sodium and potassium contents during recovery from an acid load in heart cells was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and correlated with electrophysiological measurements. Induction of an intracellular acid load by removal of NH 4 Cl from the bathing solution caused a rapid rise in sodium content that was amiloride-sensitive. Following a peak, sodium content declined concomitant with a rise in potassium content; these changes were ouabain-sensitive and corresponded with a ouabain-sensitive membrane hyperpolarization beyond the calculated potassium equilibrium potential. These observations indicate that pH i regulation in cardiac muscle, following an intracellular acid load involves extrusion of H + by electroneutral Na/H exchange with the consequent rise in Na i stimulating the electrogenic Na/K pump to return Na i to control level. In the presence of amiloride (10 −4 m ), the hyperpolarization was slower although still present: this suggests the existence of another sodium uptake mechanism which contributes to stimulation of electrogenic transport.
Abnormal returns to investment strategies based on the timing of earnings reports

Abstract This paper adds to recent evidence on market inefficiency in processing information in earnings reports. It documents that short positions taken in sample stocks which did not report earnings by the date expected during the sample period, 1971–1976, would have been abnormally profitable, before transaction costs. This is because late reports, on average, revealed bad news which was not anticipated in market prices prior to the report date. The magnitude of the average abnormal returns is in the order of 1.0% over 20 days but is larger for smaller firms in the sample and positively related to the length of the reporting delay. The paper also documents that long positions taken in stocks reporting early with good news would have generated abnormal returns of approximately 1.0% on average over a 20-day holding period.
Prenatal diagnosis of the fra(X) syndrome.

The fra(X) syndrome is one of the most common causes of mental retardation, and validation of the reliability and feasibility of making the prenatal diagnosis of this disorder is important for genetic counseling and prevention. We have received a total of 74 amniotic fluid specimens for prenatal diagnosis of fra(X) from worldwide sources. Results, were obtained on 68 specimens of which 43 had a documented family history of the fra(X) syndrome. Of the 43 specimens, 23 were male and 4 were prenatally diagnosed as being affected. On the basis of the results, several conclusions follow: (1.) At least 3 different tissue culture methods should be utilized. (2.) At least 150 cells should be scored, preferably 50 from each of 3 different tissue culture methods or 100 from each method if less than 3 methods are used. (3.) While the test-appears to be reliable, it should still be considered to be experimental until larger numbers are obtained with completed follow-up of cases.
Three-dimensional speckle suppression in optical coherence tomography based on the curvelet transform

Optical coherence tomography is an emerging non-invasive technology that provides high resolution, cross-sectional tomographic images of internal structures of specimens. OCT images, however, are usually degraded by significant speckle noise. Here we introduce to our knowledge the first 3D approach to attenuating speckle noise in OCT images. Unlike 2D approaches which only consider information in individual images, 3D processing, by analyzing all images in a volume simultaneously, has the advantage of also taking the information between images into account. This, coupled with the curvelet transform’s nearly optimal sparse representation of curved edges that are common in OCT images, provides a simple yet powerful platform for speckle attenuation. We show the approach suppresses a significant amount of speckle noise, while in the mean time preserves and thus reveals many subtle features that could get attenuated in other approaches.
Alt a 1 allergen homologs from Alternaria and related taxa: analysis of phylogenetic content and secondary structure

A gene for the Alternaria major allergen, Alt a 1, was amplified from 52 species of Alternaria and related genera, and sequence information was used for phylogenetic study. Alt a 1 gene sequences evolved 3.8 times faster and contained 3.5 times more parsimony-informative sites than glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd) sequences. Analyses of Alt a 1 gene and gpd exon sequences strongly supported grouping of Alternaria spp. and related taxa into several species-groups described in previous studies, especially the infectoria, alternata, porri, brassicicola, and radicina species-groups and the Embellisia group. The sonchi species-group was newly suggested in this study. Monophyly of the Nimbya group was moderately supported, and monophyly of the Ulocladium group was weakly supported. Relationships among species-groups and among closely related species of the same species-group were not fully resolved. However, higher resolution could be obtained using Alt a 1 sequences or a combined dataset than using gpd sequences alone. Despite high levels of variation in amino acid sequences, results of in silico prediction of protein secondary structure for Alt a 1 demonstrated a high degree of structural similarity for most of the species suggesting a conservation of function.
Killing, wrongness, and equality

This paper examines accounts of the moral wrongness of killing persons in addition to determining what conclusions, if any, can be drawn from the morality of killing persons about the (in)equality of persons, and vice versa. I will argue that a plausible way of thinking about the moral wrongness of killing implies that the permissibility of killing innocent, nonthreatening persons depends on a person’s age. I address objections to this conclusion and discuss some potential implications of the view.
U.S. Army Occupational Health Management Information System Health Hazard Information Module Version 2.2

Abstract The Occupational Health Management Information System (OHMIS) is the Department of the Army's corporate standard for automated, occupational health management software. The Health Hazard Information Module Version 2.2 (HHIM) is the industrial hygiene management tool within OHMIS. The design, development, implementation, and maintenance of the software and hardware involved an extensive, 14-step process. HHIM contains valuable data pertaining to demographics, facilities, engineering controls, personal protective clothing and equipment, hazard inventories, priority action, exposure potential, personnel, risk assessment, air samples, bulk samples, noise samples, industrial hygiene instrumentation, and calibration. The user enters the coded survey data into the software via a keyboard, and subsequently has the ability to generate standard, detailed, or customized reports. Biannually, the users download their personal computer data to diskettes, and the OHMIS programmers upload the information to the ...
Burn care in Iraq

Abstract : The objective of this presentation was to review lessons learned from 3 years of combat burn care in Iraq from 2003 to the present. The focus is on non-US personnel. In 2003, the U.S. Army Burn Center (ISR) deployed a burn surgeon to the Central Command area. This surgeon provided Advanced Burn Life Support training with additional combat-oriented modules, and direct patient care aboard the USNS Comfort. Lessons learned from that deployment included the need to take care of civilians of all ages. Some of these patients will require definitive care and there is a need for burn expertise among deployed personnel. Burn care in the theater of operations is logistically demanding.
CLINICAL AND CYTOGENETIC STUDIES ON A GROUP OF FEMALES WITH XXX SEX CHROMOSOME COMPLEMENTS.

An XXX sex chromosome complement was ascertained in 3 females during a survey of buccal smears of institutionalized mental defectives. No specific clinical abnormalities were noted. Two of the patients had had offspring: one was clinically and chromosomally normal; the other was not examined. Analysis of these cases and others reported suggested that the presence of an extra X chromosome may not be of primary etiologic importance in the mental retardation. Rather, an increased susceptibility, conferred by the presence of the extra chromosome, to other agents directly causing the mental defect has been postulated.
Comparison of ECVT and MR Measurements of Voidage in a Gas-Fluidized Bed

This paper reports the first quantitative comparison of magnetic resonance (MR) and electrical capacitance volume tomography (ECVT) on a 50 mm diameter gas-fluidized bed of silica−alumina catalyst support particles (dp = 58 μm). ECVT data were acquired at a temporal resolution of 12.5 ms and a nominal spatial resolution of 2.5 mm × 2.5 mm × 4.5 mm. Snapshot MR data were acquired at a temporal resolution of 26 ms and a spatial resolution of 1.9 mm × 1.9 mm in the transverse plane and 1.9 mm × 3.8 mm in the axial plane. The particles were doped with water to produce a detectable signal with MR. The two techniques are demonstrated to produce quantitatively comparable time-averaged measurements of the voidage. The bubble frequencies measured from the snapshot images using both techniques were found to be in good agreement. However, the signal intensity inside the gas bubbles was more accurate when measured with MR, and the wake structure could be more clearly resolved using MR. This was attributed to the effe...
Hydrogen-assisted 1,2,3-trichloropropane dechlorination on supported Pt–Sn catalysts

Abstract The chemical kinetics behavior of Pt–Sn/C catalysts for hydrogen-assisted 1,2,3-trichloropropane dechlorination is understood in terms of a modification of Pt by both Sn and Cl. Catalysts with Pt:Sn atomic ratios ranging from 9:1 to 1:6 exhibit a 10–20 h time-on-stream (TOS) transient period characterized by a 2–3 fold decrease in activity. This transient behavior is followed by a ‘steady state’ period during which the activity remains essentially constant (5–7% change in conversion during 30–60 h TOS); however, the relative rates of hydrogenation and hydrodechlorination decrease. For catalysts with a Pt:Sn atomic ratio ≥3, the decrease in relative rates manifests itself as an increase in propene selectivity at the expense of propane. In contrast, allyl chloride selectivity increases at the expense of propene for the catalysts with Pt:Sn ratio ≤1. Steady state turnover frequencies (TOFs) decrease with decreasing Pt:Sn atomic ratio to a minimum for the catalyst with the Pt:Sn=1. Further decreasing the Pt:Sn ratio results in a TOF increase, with the Pt1Sn6 catalyst TOF exceeding that of monometallic Pt/C.
Modulation of rat hepatic microsomal testosterone hydroxylases by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related toxic isostereomers.

The effects of several toxic halogenated aryl hydrocarbons including 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran, 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran, 3,3′,4,4′-tetrabromobip...
Acetylsalicylic acid hydrolysis in aqueous solutions of polysorbate 80.

The hydrolysis of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) has been shown to occur at a measurable rate within polysorbate 80 micelles in an aqueous environment at pH 1.8. An estimate of the apparent pseudo first-order rate constant for the micellar degradation is made on the basis of the distribution of the undissociated ASA between the aqueous and the micellar pseudophase.
Meteorological modeling for air-quality assessments

Abstract Meteorological fields are required inputs for air-quality models, but they can contain significant errors which contribute to uncertainties in simulations of airborne chemical species, aerosols and particulate matter. Atmospheric states can be diagnosed from observations or simulated by dynamical models (with or without four-dimensional data assimilation, FDDA). In general, diagnostic models are straightforward to operate, but obtaining sufficient observations to analyze regional-scale features is costly, may omit key variables and often lack sufficient spatial or temporal density to describe the fields adequately. Dynamical models, although still imperfect, have improved in recent years and are now widely accepted for many air-quality modeling applications. Examination of the current state of dynamical models used as meteorological pre-processors indicates that useful simulations for real cases are feasible for scales at least as fine as 1 km. Introduction of faster computers and practical FDDA techniques already allow simulations of regional episodes lasting up to 5–10 d with fine resolutions (5 km or less). As technology has improved, however, a need has developed for better parameterizations to represent vital physical processes, such as boundary layer fluxes, deep convection and clouds, at these finer grid scales. Future developments in meteorological modeling for air-quality applications will include advanced model physics and data assimilation, better coupling between meterological and chemical models, and could lead eventually to widespread use of fully integrated meteorological-chemical models for simulating and predicting air quality.
Predicting romantic relationship satisfaction from life history strategy

Abstract Attachment style and communication style have been shown in previous research to predict relationship satisfaction. We hypothesized that the ultimate cause underlying the relationship among attachment style, communication style, and relationship satisfaction is Life History Strategy (LHS). Furthermore, we hypothesized that LHS would not only predict relationship satisfaction indirectly through a couple’s attachment style and communication style, but would also predict relationship satisfaction directly. Two structural equation models were constructed to model and test each of these hypotheses. The first showed that the indirect causal pathways from LHS to attachment style, attachment style to communication style, and communication style to relationship satisfaction predicted 16% of the variance in relationship satisfaction. The second added a causal pathway directly from LHS to relationship satisfaction which reduced the estimate for the influence of communication style on relationship satisfaction and increased the total variance predicted in relationship satisfaction to 60%. These results challenge the notion that it is primarily the communication between two romantic partners which influences their relationship outcome by proposing that their LHS may be influential: (1) indirectly through their attachment style and communication style; and (2) directly upon relationship satisfaction.
YORUBA WRITERS AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF HEROES

In 1986 the University of Ife (later renamed Obafemi Awolowo University) unveiled a wood statue of Oduduwa, the mythical founder of the Yoruba nation. Present at the occasion was Chief Obafemi Awolowo, the most famous Yoruba politician of the twentieth century. Either for political gain, or to celebrate or praise him, an Ife intellectual told Chief Awolowo that the statue looked exactly like him and that, in trying to represent the image of Oduduwa, the carver, the highly distinguished Chief Lamidi Fakeye, had simply used Awolowo as a model. Chief Awolowo was very happy with this comparison, and gladly affirmed it. The story spread like wildfire. As the statue came to be interpreted, Awolowo and Oduduwa had the same physical build, elegance, and cap which they wore in the same style! Here indeed was the modem Oduduwa. To those in search of heroes, the Yoruba now had two "national" ones-Oduduwa, the progenitor and Awolowo, the modernizer-and a host of other aspiring and local ones. If Oduduwa founded the nation, Awolowo would unite it, after a period of internal division. Both in Yoruba popular and intellectual discourse, the hero commands prominent attention. The Yoruba appear to be seeking the equivalent of a Mahdi, the reformer in Islam, a cultural, folk, and political hero. The ambition of many Yoruba elite, especially the politician, is to become a hero of the nation. Many have tried in vain-men such as Chief Adisa Akinloye, a longtime veteran politician, and the Chairman of the National Party of Nigeria during the Second Republic, and, until recently, Chief M.K.O. Abiola, the business magnate and politician who was denied the presidency of the country by the military regime in collaboration with powerful civilians. When Chief Lateef Jakande, a former governor of Lagos State, a longtime follower of Awolowo and a veteran politician, was called the "Babakekere" ("little father," i.e., Awolowo's successor), he was more than pleased, and saw a future for himself as the "third national hero." Since 1993, Chief M.K.O. Abiola is arguably the most qualified to become the 'third hero,' although his life and future in politics are very much uncertain. Historians in Nigerian universities advocate the writing of biographies to eulogize the heroes of the past, while at the same time seeking new heroes for the present. Bolanle Awe, the first and most prominent Yoruba female academic historian, lent her intellectual weight to the search for heroes, focusing on warriors such as Ogedengbe of Ilesa, and a general call for more
Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor Endocytosis

Abstract Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), a 42 kD protein, provides the physiological inhibition of tissue factor initiated coagulation by inhibition of both factor Xa and factor VIIa/tissue factor. In plasma, most TFPI is lipoprotein bound with an additional "releasable" pool bound to the endothelial cell surface. TFPI clearance is via receptor mediated endocytosis into liver. Heparin sulfate proteoglycans and LRP (low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein), an extremely large (∼600 kD) cell surface protein, primarily mediate this clearance, although additional TFPI binding sites and endocytosis pathways exist . (Trends Cardiovasc Med 1997; 7:234–239). © 1997, Elsevier Science Inc.
ENSO and interannual rainfall variability in Uganda: implications for agricultural management

The El Nino–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is correlated with the short rainy season (September–December) in East Africa. Seasonal climate forecasts made on this basis are being disseminated in the hope that this information will be useful in regional or even local planning and resource management. In order to improve the likelihood of success in using regional forecasts in Uganda, particularly in the agricultural sector, climate analysis was performed at the sub-regional level with distinctions being made between unimodal (short season peak in August) and bimodal (short season peak in November) rainfall zones. Monthly climate data from 1931 to 1960 were available for 33 sites. Averaging across all stations, it is shown that Pacific Ocean NINO3 region sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) from July to September (JAS) are significantly correlated with both the concurrent August–September (AS) rainfall (r=−0.75) and the following November–December (ND) rainfall (r=0.57), but with opposite signs. When station data are separated into uni- and bimodal sites, it becomes clear that the importance of ENSO events is different in the two zones. In the unimodal zone, El Nino events are associated with a depression of the August peak in rainfall, but a lengthening of the season, potentially providing an opportunity for growing later-maturing crops. At bimodal sites, there is very little impact in August but November rainfall is enhanced in El Nino years and depressed in La Nina years. Given a forecast of ENSO, the primary strategies that will be useful in farm management will differ by rainfall zone and will revolve around the choice of crop or cultivar and the timing of planting in order to make optimal use of the growing period. Copyright © 2000 Royal Meteorological Society
Simulation of Two Projectiles Connected by a Flexible Tether.

Abstract : This report investigates the atmospheric flight mechanics of two projectiles connected by a flexible tether. Both projectiles are individually modeled with six degrees of freedom. The projectile aerodynamic model depends on angle of attack and Mach number and includes unsteady roll, pitch, and yaw aerodynamic damping. The tether is split into a finite number, of beads, with each bead possessing three translation degrees of freedom. Forces acting on the beads include weight, line stiffness, line damping, and aerodynamic drag. The tether aerodynamic drag force is dependent on the tether line angle of attack and Mach number. The tether line deployment process is modeled with a single degree of freedom that permits unreeling resistance to be incorporated. The effect of follower-to-lead projectile mass ratio and drag coefficient ratio on system response are investigated.
Misattribution and the reduction of stress.

Summary The effects of two situational variables were studied with 64 male and 64 female undergraduate Ss to determine when misattribution would be effective in reducing stress. Data for 17 Ss were later excluded. To induce misattribution half the Ss were led to believe that their arousal might have been due to an anesthesia-potentiating drug they had ingested; control half were not. Half the Ss were given accurate anticipatory information about the stressfulness of a videotape, half were given inaccurate information (first variable). Half the Ss saw a high-stress videotape and half saw a low-stress videotape (second variable). Self-reports indicated that misattribution was successful in reducing stress only when Ss (a) had been given accurate information concerning the veridical source of their stress and (b) were shown a highly stressful videotape thereby causing the nonveridical source to be less stressful than the veridical source.
Inelastic Large Deflection Modeling of Beam-Columns

Linear structural analysis is incapable of reflecting the real behavior of a structure under abnormal or ultimate loading conditions. When deformations are large and a structure behaves nonlinearly, the stiffness of the structure changes even if the structural material shows a purely linear elastic behavior, and a geometric nonlinear analysis or a second-order elastic analysis should be performed. However, under severe environmental loading such as strong wind or earthquake, there is a need for a direct second-order inelastic analysis to calculate the ultimate strength capacity and to predict the true behavior of structures. This paper presents and compares two beam-column models, both based upon fiber-type, beam-column elements, for inelastic and large deformation analysis of planar steel structural systems. Derivations of the different stiffness matrices that are used in the new models are presented. Both models have the capacity to account for residual stress consideration. The new model satisfies the ...
GLUCOSE COUNTERREGULATION (CR) IN PRESCHOOL AGE DIABETIC CHILDREN WITH RECURRENT HYPOGLYCEMIA DURING CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT (CT)

To determine wheter immature or defective glucose CR was responsible of the severe recurrent hypoglycemia (3, 6 per patient per yr) observed during CT in 6 preschool diabetic children, we investigated their metabolic and hormonal responses to iv insulin infusion (40 mU kg−1 hr−1). CR was considered adequate since no patient experienced symptoms requiring discontinuation of the test, and (BG) nadirs averaged 42 ± 5 mg/dl. Glucose production decreased from 4.2 ± 0.2 to 2.6 ± 0.6 mg kg−1 min−1. Blood 3-hydroxybutyrate levels were high (~ 3 mM) and did not change during the test. The responses of epinephrine (from 137 ± 37 to 393 ± 143 pg/ml), norepinephrine (from 145 ± 33 to 347 ± 152 pg/ml) and GH (from 6.0 - 1.5 to 20.3 - 5.1 ng/ml) were normal. As observed in diabetic adults, glucagon response was deficient (from 117 ± 30 to 114 ± 18 pg/ml).
LibGuides: Customizing Subject Guides for Individual Courses

Reference librarians at East Tennessee State University's Sherrod Library identified LibGuides as an efficient way to introduce undergraduate students, particularly those in their first two years of college, to the university library. Selecting pertinent library resources based on a course syllabus and creating a LibGuide for the course provides the students with a limited number of relevant materials. Librarians and professors view the use of subject guides attached to a course management system site as an effective educational solution. Librarians facing exponentially expanding resources and first-year students who are used to turning to Google for all their information needs can utilize LibGuides to guide students toward more relevant library resources.
THE DISTRIBUTION OF EXOGENOUS FERRITIN IN TOAD SPINAL GANGLIA AND THE MECHANISM OF ITS UPTAKE BY NEURONS

Toad spinal ganglion cells are individually enclosed in sheaths consisting of one or more attenuated layers of satellite cell cytoplasm surrounded externally by a basement membrane. Narrow (∼150 A) extracellular channels separate these layers from one another and from the underlying neuron. In both in vivo and in vitro experiments it was found that molecules of ferritin, a water-soluble protein, are to some extent able to pass across the basement membrane and through these channels to reach the neuronal plasma membrane. Ferritin particles arriving at the neuronal surface are engulfed by the neuron in 0.1 to 0.2 µ "coated" vesicles. The concentration of ferritin in these vesicles is higher than in the perineuronal space. The ferritin incorporated into the neuron is segregated, apparently intact, in multivesicular bodies. It is inferred that the 150A channels in the satellite cell sheath are patent, aqueous spaces through which molecules with a diameter as large as 95 A are able to pass, and that these neurons are capable of taking up whole protein from their immediate environment by the process of pinocytosis.
A Simultaneous Equations Model of the Educational Process.

Abstract This paper models the educational process as a system of six simultaneous equations. The endogenous variables include a student's achievement, motivation, expectations, efficacy, and perceived parents' and teachers' expectations. The model also includes forty-eight individual, home, peer, teacher, and school exogenous variables. Using a sample of over sixteen thousand twelfth grade students from the Equality of Educational Opportunity survey, we estimate the model by two-stage least squares and present the reduced form and structural form equations. We find that many educational outputs jointly determine one another. Also, the results suggest that school and teacher variables have important effects on educational outcomes.
Enhanced searching algorithms for relevant web pages using hyperlink graphs

This paper explores the behavior of four graph-based search algorithms that use only the hyperlink structure of the web to identify related and relevant web pages. These four algorithms that are based on similarity analysis of the pages are combined with a new way to construct the page graph source. We compare their performance with the Companion algorithm graph-based search algorithm. Experimental results show the advantages of these four algorithms.
A computer program to control the electronic acquisition of digitized information in nuclear experiments, “ELAINE”☆

Abstract We present an on line data acquisition computer program for use in high energy nuclear physics experiments.
Neural Changes following Remediation in Adult Developmental Dyslexia

Brain imaging studies have explored the neural mechanisms of recovery in adults following acquired disorders and, more recently, childhood developmental disorders. However, the neural systems underlying adult rehabilitation of neurobiologically based learning disabilities remain unexplored, despite their high incidence. Here we characterize the differences in brain activity during a phonological manipulation task before and after a behavioral intervention in adults with developmental dyslexia. Phonologically targeted training resulted in performance improvements in tutored compared to nontutored dyslexics, and these gains were associated with signal increases in bilateral parietal and right perisylvian cortices. Our findings demonstrate that behavioral changes in tutored dyslexic adults are associated with (1) increased activity in those left-hemisphere regions engaged by normal readers and (2) compensatory activity in the right perisylvian cortex. Hence, behavioral plasticity in adult developmental dyslexia involves two distinct neural mechanisms, each of which has previously been observed either for remediation of developmental or acquired reading disorders.
Aggression and environmental risk among low-income African-American youth

Purpose: This study examined the extent to which individual, family, and environmental factors discriminated between aggressive and nonaggressive African-American youth. Methods: One hundred fifty African-American boys and girls from eight housing communities in a medium sized Alabama central city were surveyed. From this nonrandom sample, information was collected concerning respondents' demographics, family characteristics, exposure(s) to violence, questions pertaining to weapon possession, and a peer-nominated question on aggression. Multivariate analysis was employed to differentiate aggressive from nonaggressive youth. Results: Discriminant function analysis found gender (males) and age (older) to be important discriminators between nonaggressive and aggressive youth. In addition, a significant amount of separation between these groups was accounted for by their varying degrees of exposure to violence, specifically as a witness to and victim of violence, and their possession of a weapon. Conclusions: Findings provide evidence that victimization and witnessing violence were significantly related to aggressive behavior among this sample of African-American youth. In addition, this study confirms the clinical significance of environment and its potential role in predicting physical health, mental health, and social and behavioral outcomes for youth.
Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis of Archaeological Ceramics: Scale and Interpretation

Instrumental neutron activation analysis has become a standard technique for the study of the production and distributional patterns of archaeological pottery. Questions once framed within the context of long distance exchange are now focused on issues of subregional and even intrasite levels. The increasing specificity at which these questions are poised requires a high level of analytical precision as we seek to observe statistically and archaeologically significant differences among groups of pottery produced from geographically closely spaced resources or the compositional differences that arise from production behaviors of the producers of the pottery.
Abstract 605: Olive polyphenol, hydroxytyrosol, exerts anti-tumor effects in prostate cancer cells by targeting Akt, STAT3 and AR signaling

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer related death in men in the United States. Considering the central role of androgen-receptor (AR) signaling in PCa, surgical or medical castration [referred as androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT)] is the first line of treatment for the advanced disease. Most patients treated with ADT initially exhibit a dramatic regression of the androgen-dependent (AD) PCa cells; however, the tumors eventually progress to an androgen-independent (AI) stage. The resulting hormone-refractory tumors are highly aggressive and resistant to conventional therapies. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of novel preventive and/or curative approaches against this advanced stage of the disease. Consumption of olive oil, which is a major component of the Mediterranean diet, has been associated with lower incidence of prostate and other malignancies. Olive oil is rich in phenolic compounds that are believed to exert beneficial effects against many pathological processes. Hydroxytyrosol (HT), an important polyphenolic constituent of virgin olive oil, has been shown to exhibit several health promoting effects such as anti-microbial, anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory activities. Some recent studies also suggest anti-tumor properties of HT as a consequence of its ability to induce apoptosis and inhibit the cell proliferation. In the present study, we have performed functional and biochemical assays to investigate the growth suppressive activity of HT against PCa using androgen-dependent (LNCaP) and androgen-independent (C4-2) human PCa cell lines along with normal/benign (RWPE1 and RWPE2) prostate epithelial cell lines. We observed dose- and time- dependent growth inhibitory effects of HT on both the PCa cell lines, whereas no significant effect was observed on the treated normal/benign human prostate epithelial cells. Growth inhibition in LNCaP and C4-2 cells accompanied apoptotic induction as determined by Annexin-V staining, PARP cleavage and enhanced Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Moreover, our data demonstrated a significant decrease in the ability of HT-treated PCa cells to migrate and invade through the extra-cellular matrix. Immunoblot analyses revealed decreased phosphorylation of Akt and STAT3, two signaling proteins of pathological significance in PCa, in HT-treated PCa cells indicating their reduced activation. Importantly, we also observed a downregulated expression of AR and its downstream target gene, KLK3/PSA, in PCa cells treated with HT. These preliminary findings suggest that HT could serve as a novel nutraceutical for prevention and therapy of PCa. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 605. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-605
Spectrum of Doubly Ionized Lanthanum (La iii)

Sixty-five new spectral lines of doubly ionized lanthanum in the interval from 2000 to 12 000 A are reported. Four newly discovered terms (10s, 9p, 9d, 9f) are given. Fine-structure splittings of 5g, 6g, 7g, and 8g terms are determined, and their peculiar behavior discussed. The hyperfine structure of the 6s2S1/2 level is 1.03 ± 0.10 cm−1. By using the new terms, the previously reported ionization energy is corrected to 154 664 ± 15 cm−1. The theoretical values of spin-orbit coupling constants are calculated for the first three elements of the Cs isoelectronic sequence.
A critical perspective on fund raising communication: genre in search of rhetoric

Describes how professional fund‐raisers write and speak persuasively to many audiences, utilizing various media. Explains that the essence of fund‐raising is motivating individuals through symbolic action to behave in a desired way. Argues that fund‐raising is essentially a rhetorical exercise and that the utilization of criteria for assessing rhetorical acts is warranted. Rhetorical criteria direct the fund‐raiser to ask important questions pertaining to the purpose, audience, barriers ‐ the rhetorical problem ‐ and the structure of persuasive communication. Argues also that the fundamental Aristotelian genre is apparent in most fund‐raising rhetorical acts and the genre is identified through recurring characteristics of the rhetoric and helps to define the relationship between form and content. Maintains that successful fund‐raisers relied as much on experience and intuition as on formal rhetorical theory but rhetorical criteria may provide the practitioner with a template by which to create persuasive symbolic action in a broader context not limited to a single communicative act.
Complete reconstruction of reduced density matrices

Abstract Different from traditional electronic structure methods, the contracted Schrodinger equation with reduced-density-matrix (RDM) reconstruction may be exact when only the 2-particle RDM is employed as the fundamental parameter. Although Rosina's theorem indicates that the 3 and the 4-RDMs are functionals of the 2-RDM, cumulant theory generates only those terms expressible as antisymmetrized products of lower RDMs. We present a formal solution for reconstruction where the approximate cumulant formulas are systematically corrected through contraction conditions. Using a part of the formal 3-RDM reconstruction, the CSE is compared with other methods through a quasi-spin model containing as many as eight-hundred fermions.
POLAR SOLVATION DYNAMICS OF H2O AND D2O AT THE SURFACE OF ZIRCONIA NANOPARTICLES

Time-resolved fluorescence-upconversion spectroscopy has been used to study the polar solvation dynamics of H{sub 2}O and D{sub 2}O at the surface of zirconia (ZrO{sub 2}) nanoparticles. While an isotope effect is observed for the solvation dynamics of bulk D{sub 2}O, there is no isotope effect on the interfacial solvation dynamics. The interfacial solvation dynamics are the same for H{sub 2}O and D{sub 2}O and are faster than the bulk solutions. The bulk isotope effect is due to stronger hydrogen bonding in D{sub 2}O compared to H{sub 2}O, slowing the reorientation of the excited-state dipoles in the bulk D{sub 2}O. The lack of isotope effect for the interfacial dynamics is explained in terms of the solvent interacting with the ZrO{sub 2} surface.