cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Use of Stereovision for Intraoperative Coregistration of a Spinal Surgical Field: A Human Feasibility Study.

BACKGROUND The use of image guidance during spinal surgery has been limited by several anatomic factors such as intervertebral segment motion and ineffective spine immobilization. In its current form, the surgical field is coregistered with a preoperative computed tomography (CT), often obtained in a different spinal confirmation, or with intraoperative cross-sectional imaging. Stereovision offers an alternative method of registration. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the feasibility of stereovision-mediated coregistration of a human spinal surgical field using a proof-of-principle study, and to provide preliminary assessments of the technique's accuracy. METHODS A total of 9 subjects undergoing image-guided pedicle screw placement also underwent stereovision-mediated coregistration with preoperative CT imaging. Stereoscopic images were acquired using a tracked, calibrated stereoscopic camera system mounted on an operating microscope. Images were processed, reconstructed, and segmented in a semi-automated manner. A multistart registration of the reconstructed spinal surface with preoperative CT was performed. Registration accuracy, measured as surface-to-surface distance error, was compared between stereovision registration and a standard registration. RESULTS The mean surface reconstruction error of the stereovision-acquired surface was 2.20 ± 0.89 mm. Intraoperative coregistration with stereovision was performed with a mean error of 1.48 ± 0.35 mm compared to 2.03 ± 0.28 mm using a standard point-based registration method. The average computational time for registration with stereovision was 95 ± 46 s (range 33-184 s) vs 10to 20 min for standard point-based registration. CONCLUSION Semi-automated registration of a spinal surgical field using stereovision is possible with accuracy that is at least comparable to current landmark-based techniques.
TLR8 activation and inhibition by guanosine analogs in RNA: Importance of functional groups and chain length

Abstract Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) is an important component of the human innate immune system that recognizes single stranded RNA (ssRNA). Recent X-ray crystal structures of TLR8 bound to ssRNA revealed a previously unrecognized binding site for a 5′-UpG-3′ dinucleotide. Here we use an atomic mutagenesis strategy coupled with a cellular TLR8 activation assay to probe the importance of specific functional groups present on the guanine base in RNA-mediated receptor agonism and antagonism. Results from RNA analogs containing 7-deazaguanosine, 2-aminopurine and inosine confirm the importance of guanine N7, O6 and N2, respectively, in TLR8 activation. Nevertheless, these RNAs each retained TLR8 antagonism activity. RNA containing 7-deaza-8-azainosine (7d8aI) was prepared from a novel phosphoramidite and found to be a weaker TLR8 activator than guanosine-containing RNA. However, 7d8aI-containing RNA also retained TLR8 antagonism activity indicating that removal of multiple TLR8 H-bonding sites on guanine is insufficient for blocking TLR8 antagonism by guanine-containing RNA. We also identified an oligoribonucleotide length dependence on both TLR8 activation and antagonism. These studies extend our understanding of the effects of nucleobase modification on immune stimulation and will inform the design of novel RNA-based therapeutics.
Search for a Heavy Pseudoscalar Boson A Decaying to Zh in the $$\ell \ell \tau \tau $$ Final State

The \(A\rightarrow Zh\) decay channel is studied to uncover a hypothetical extended scalar sector in the MSSM, or more generally in 2HDM type-2. It is sensitive to pseudoscalar boson masses between about 215 GeV (sum of the masses of the h and Z bosons) and 350 GeV (twice the top quark mass), in the low \(\tan \beta \) regions. The most sensitive final states are \(\ell \ell bb\) and \(\ell \ell \tau \tau \) because they cover the largest h boson branching fractions, and, unlike the case of the SM H production in gluon-gluon fusion, do not suffer from high backgrounds or high triggering thresholds thanks to the additional leptons coming from the Z boson decay.
Contrast-dependent red-green balance shifts depend on S-cone activity

Previous research from our lab has established that red-green–balanced yellow targets become greenish-brown as surround luminance increases, while red-green–balanced brown targets become reddish-yellow as surround luminance decreases. To help assess the generality and underlying processes of this contrast-dependent red-green hue shift, we investigated red-green hue shifts for target stimuli that appeared achromatic or blue as well as yellow/brown. Results confirmed that the red-green hue shift was largest for yellow/brown targets and was progressively reduced for achromatic and blue targets as target excitation of S cones increased. The magnitude of the hue shift could be predicted by the S/(L+M) excitation of the target when bright white surrounds are used. The hue shift also requires that the target and surround are presented to the same eye, consistent with processing in monocular pathways. Increased S-cone excitation by the surround was associated with red-green hue shifts for all targets equally. Thus, S-cone signals from bright white surrounds might play a role in the contrast-dependent red-green hue shift, but the source of the variation of the magnitude of the hue shift with variations in target S-cone excitation when presented on those surrounds is unknown.
Renal-Specific Silencing of TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor) Unmasks Salt-Dependent Increases in Blood Pressure via an NKCC2A (Na+-K+-2Cl- Cotransporter Isoform A)-Dependent Mechanism.

We tested the hypothesis that TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α produced within the kidney and acting on the renal tubular system is part of a regulatory mechanism that attenuates increases in blood pressure in response to high salt intake. Intrarenal administration of a lentivirus construct, which specifically silenced TNF in the kidney, did not affect baseline blood pressure. However, blood pressure increased significantly 1 day after mice with intrarenal silencing of TNF ingested 1% NaCl in the drinking water. The increase in blood pressure, which was continuously observed for 11 days, promptly returned to baseline levels when mice were switched from 1% NaCl to tap water. Silencing of renal TNF also increased NKCC2 (Na + -K + -2Cl − cotransporter) phosphorylation and induced a selective increase in NKCC2A (NKCC2 isoform A) mRNA accumulation in both the cortical and medullary thick ascending limb of Henle loop that was neither associated with a compensatory decrease of NKCC2F in the medulla nor NKCC2B in the cortex. The NaCl-mediated increases in blood pressure were completely absent when NKCC2A, using a lentivirus construct that did not alter expression of NKCC2F or NKCC2B, and TNF were concomitantly silenced in the kidney. Moreover, the decrease in urine volume and NaCl excretion induced by renal TNF silencing was abolished when NKCC2A was concurrently silenced, suggesting that this isoform contributes to the transition from a salt-resistant to salt-sensitive phenotype. Collectively, the data are the first to demonstrate a role for TNF produced by the kidney in the modulation of sodium homeostasis and blood pressure regulation.
Accuracy of predicted orthogonal projection angles for valve deployment during transcatheter aortic valve replacement

Abstract Background Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) predicted orthogonal projection angles have been introduced to guide valve deployment during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Our aim was to investigate the accuracy of MDCT prediction methods versus actual angiographic deployment angles. Methods Retrospective analysis of 2 currently used MDCT methods: manual multiplanar reformations (MR) and the semiautomatic optimal angle graph (OAG). Paired analysis was used to compare the 2-dimensional distributions and means. Results We included 101 patients with a mean (±SD) age of 81 ± 9 years. The MR and OAG methods were used in 46 and 55 patients, respectively. A ≥5% change from the predicted MDCT range in left anterior oblique/right anterior oblique (LAO/RAO) and the cranial/caudal (CRA/CAU) angle occurred in 42% and 58% of patients, respectively. The mean predicted versus actual deployment angles were significantly different (CRA/CAU: -2.6 ± 11.5 vs. -7.6 ± 10.7, p Conclusions Currently used MDCT methods for TAVR implantation angles are significantly modified before actual valve deployment. Thus, further refinement of these prediction methods is required.
The Paradox of Responsive Authoritarianism: How Civic Activism Spurs Environmental Penalties in China

Recognizing the need to better understand institutional change processes in authoritarian states, which play an increasingly prominent role in the world economy, we examine the efficacy of civic ac...
Institutional Arrangements for Public Library Funding and Spending

Wide variation in institutional structure and funding patterns in public libraries make this government function useful for exploring the effect of these differences on expenditures. Based on literature related to willingness to pay, special districts, and fiscal illusion, we hypothesize that libraries with taxing authority and more revenues from nonlocal sources will have higher levels of spending. We use data from an Annual Public Library Survey, and U.S. Census data, in ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions for 2007 and 2010. We find that taxing authority leads to increased spending, as expected. However, the results of funding sources are contrary to expectations; relative reliance on nonlocal sources is generally associated with lower levels of spending. This may be due to “crowding-out” of local sources, and there may also be some effect from reduced state aid following the Great Recession.
Sedation levels during propofol administration for outpatient colonoscopies

The levels of sedation required for patients to comfortably undergo colonoscopy with propofol were examined. One hundred patients undergoing colonoscopy with propofol were enrolled. In addition to standard-of-care monitoring, sedation level was monitored with the Patient State Index (PSI) obtained from a brain function monitor, transcutaneous carbon dioxide (tcpCO2) was monitored with the TCM TOSCA monitor, and end-tidal carbon dioxide was monitored via nasal cannula. The Ramsay Sedation Score (RSS) was also assessed and recorded. After baseline data were obtained from the first 40 consecutive patients enrolled in the study, the remaining 60 patients were randomized into two groups. In one group the PSI value was blinded from the anesthesiologist and in the second group the PSI was visible and the impact of this information on the management of the sedation was analyzed. Overall 96% of patients reached levels of deep sedation and 89% reached levels of general anesthesia. When comparing the blinded to PSI versus unblinded groups, the blinded group had a significantly lower PSI and higher RSS and tcpCO2, indicating the blinded group was maintained at a deeper sedation level with more respiratory compromise than the unblinded group. Patients undergoing colonoscopy under propofol sedation delivered by a bolus technique are frequently taken to levels of general anesthesia and are at risk for respiratory depression, airway obstruction, and hemodynamic compromise.
Price structures, the quality factor, and chaining

This paper examines alternative approaches to multilateral comparisons based on spatial chains. The ground covered includes a review of the consistency problem for countries with multiple-benchmarks and a discussion of what might give rise to it. While much of our recent work has been with respect to the Penn World Table (PWT), most of this paper will be concerned with benchmark comparisons. In particular we argue that serious consideration be given to spatial chaining as a method of multilateral comparison, but there still remain major problems to solve. The case we make is as much empirical as it is methodological. Our application is to the 115 country 1996 reduced benchmark data. For this data set, we examine spatial linking based upon the spanning tree approach of Robert Hill, but using both price similarity as well as the Paasche-Laspeyres spread as criteria. We go on to describe how we might extend this benchmark over time and space along the lines of PWT.
Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling as a Target for Cancer Treatment

Sphingolipids play key roles in the regulation of several biologic processes that are integral to cancer pathogenesis. Among the sphingolipid metabolites, ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) have been shown to modulate cancer development and progression. The biologic roles of other metabolites, such as sphingosine, and ceramide 1-phosphate, are also beginning to emerge. In general, ceramide plays a role as a tumor-suppressing lipid-inducing anti-proliferative response such as cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, and senescence whereas S1P plays a role as a tumor-promoting lipid-inducing transformation, cellular proliferation, and inflammation in various cell models. Glycosphingolipids, another emerging class of bioactive sphingolipids, are believed to play anti-apoptotic roles and offer drug resistance to currently used chemotherapeutic drugs. These emerging biologic roles of sphingolipids and its potential usefulness in treating cancer in the form of anticancer therapeutics are discussed in this chapter.
Chemokine and Homing Factor Expression in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Chronic Heart Failure

Acute myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality despite advances in treatment that have resulted in the lowest mortality rate to date. However, a significant proportion of patients do not receive these beneficial therapies because they are deemed ineligible or they present outside the window of opportunity for benefit. Thus, the prevalence of heart failure continues to rise. Although the treatments for heart failure have advanced tremendously, they simply focus on attenuating hemodynamic stimuli that induce deranged remodeling. The limitations of these therapies have prompted the search for additional treatments that may improve the outcomes experienced by patients stricken with an acute MI as well as those who have developed heart failure.
Customization of a 3D Printed Prosthetic Finger Using Parametric Modeling

Author(s): Lim, D; Georgiou, T; Bhardwaj, A; O’Connell, GD; Agogino, AM | Abstract: Prosthetic limbs and assistive devices require customization to effectively meet the needs of users. Despite the expense and hassle involved in procuring a prosthetic, 56% of people with limb loss end up abandoning their devices [1]. Acceptance of these devices is contingent on the comfort of the user, which depends heavily on the size, weight, and overall aesthetic of the device. As seen in numerous applications, parametric modeling can be utilized to produce medical devices that are specific to the patient’s needs. However, current 3D printed upper limb pros-thetics use uniform scaling to fit the prostheses to different users. In this paper, we propose a parametric modeling method for designing prosthetic fingers. We show that a prosthetic finger designed using parametric modeling has a range of motion (ROM) (path of the finger tip) that closely aligns with the digit’s natural path. We also show that the ROM produced by a uniformly scaled prosthetic poorly matches the natural ROM of the finger. To test this, finger width and length measurements were collected from 50 adults between the ages of 18-30. It was determined that there is negligible correlation between the length and width of the index (D2) digit among the participants. Using both the highest and the lowest length to width ratio found among the participants, a prosthetic finger was designed using a parametric model and fabricated using additive manufacturing. The mechanical design of the prosthetic finger utilized a crossed four bar linkage mechanism and its ROM was determined by Freudenstein’s equations. By simulating the different paths of the fingers, we demonstrate that parametrically modeled fingers outperform uniformly scaled fingers at matching a natural digit’s path.
WCET Analysis of GPU L1 Data Caches

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) have become widely used in high-performance computing. For real-time applications demanding high throughputs, GPUs can provide abundant computing power with high energy efficiency. However, modern GPUs are designed to boost average-case performance, not for time predictability. Therefore, for hard real-time applications, it is crucial to estimate their worst-case execution time (WCET) running on GPUs. As the first step toward this goal, this paper applies the abstract interpretation to GPU L1 data caches to estimate the worst-case L1 data cache miss rate of GPU applications. The experimental results show that the proposed analyzer can achieve safe and very tight estimation of GPU L1 data cache misses.
REVIEW: Modeling production and environmental impacts of small ruminants—Incorporation of existing ruminant modeling techniques, and future directions for research and extension

ABSTRACT Mathematical models are a useful part of extension and researcher collaboration with producers and policymakers. Although many models of large ruminant production exist, with a wide variety of objectives and users, the range available to small ruminant producers is limited. This review summarizes the current state of models available to small ruminant research, identifies data gaps that could be filled to improve representation of current small ruminant production practices, and suggests a framework that could be used to develop a suite of models to improve small ruminant research at the research and consultant levels and research and teaching levels and to improve system-level assessment of environmental impacts.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Household Out-of-Pocket Healthcare Costs.

Introduction Adverse childhood experiences are associated with higher risk of common chronic mental and physical illnesses in adulthood, but little evidence exists on whether this influences medical costs or expenses. This study estimated increases in household medical expenses associated with adults’ reported adverse childhood experience scores. Methods Household out-of-pocket medical cost and adverse childhood experience information was collected in the 2011 and 2013 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and its linked 2014–2015 Panel Study of Income Dynamics Childhood Retrospective Circumstances Study supplement and analyzed in 2017. Generalized linear regression models estimated adjusted annual household out-of-pocket medical cost differences by retrospective adverse childhood experience count and compared costs by family type and size. Logistic models estimated odds of out-of-pocket costs that were >10% of household income or >100% of savings, as well as odds of household debt. Results Adverse childhood experience scores were associated with higher out-of-pocket costs. Annual household total out-of-pocket medical costs were $184 (95% CI=$90, $278) or 1.18-fold higher when respondents reported one to two adverse childhood experiences and $311 (95% CI=$196, $426) or 1.30-fold higher when three or more adverse childhood experiences were reported by an adult in the household. Odds of household medical costs >10% of income, >100% of savings, and the presence of household medical debt were 2.48-fold (95% CI=1.40, 4.38), 2.25-fold (95% CI=1.69, 2.99), and 2.29-fold (95% CI=1.56, 3.34) higher when an adult in the household reported three or more adverse childhood experiences compared with none. Conclusions Greater exposure to adverse childhood experiences is associated with higher household out-of-pocket medical costs and financial burden in adulthood.
Pain Management in the Cancer Survivor.

Abstract Objectives To describe assessment and interdisciplinary management of pain in the cancer survivor over the continuum of cancer care. Data Sources Review of the literature and treatment standards. Conclusion Pain remains a primary concern throughout the cancer trajectory across all age groups and diagnoses, emphasizing the need to integrate pain assessment and management across the continuum of cancer survivorship and across care settings. Types of pain, pain patterns, assessment of cancer pain in cancer survivors, current strategies and challenges for management, and effective communication and documentation of the process are described. Communication between and among health care clinicians in a way that effectively articulates the individual patient experience, including documentation in the electronic medical record, requires consistent workflows and terminology. The opioid crisis increases the urgency in effective strategies for interdisciplinary pain assessment and management. Implications for Nursing Practice Oncology clinicians must be able to adequately assess pain, track pain over time, understand and implement a cadre of strategies to manage pain, and effectively pursue any suspicious pain patterns that may indicate recurrence or progression of cancer or other underlying etiologies. The oncology nurse is at the core of patient-clinician communication, critical to effectively describing pain as experienced by the individual patient and continues to play a key role in maintaining consistency of message that is necessary to manage pain over the continuum of cancer survivorship.
Effect of the Gv-1 locus on Moloney ecotropic murine leukemia virus induced disease in inbred wild mice.

The nonacute retroviruses induce neoplastic disease following a long latency period. During this latency period, the infectious ecotropic murine leukemia virus (MuLV) spreads throughout the mouse resulting in chronic viremia. As the virus spreads, it recombines with germline copies, or proviruses, of nonecotropic MuLVs to produce infectious mink cell focus-forming (MCF) viruses. These MCF viruses resemble their ecotropic MuLV progenitors but contain novel sequences in their envelope (env) genes which encode the major virion glycoprotein, and in the long terminal repeats (LTRs) which contain transcriptional control signals. These recombinant viruses have an expanded host range and are themselves leukemogenic. The mechanisms involved in the production of MCF viruses are unknown, although it has been established that multiple recombinations occur, and novel viruses have been isolated from preleukemic tissues which may represent intermediate recombinants in this process (Cloyd and Chattopadhyay 1986) . Proviral sequences related to both the xenotropic and MCF host range classes of infectious MuLVs ultimately contribute to the altered env and LTR regions of the MCF virus (Holland et al. 1985; Quint et al. 1984) . Although the specific proviruses involved in this process have not been identified, it has been suggested that the xenotropic provirus Bxv-1 contributes LTR sequences to the leukemogenic MCF MuLV (Hoggan et al. 1986) .
Using Transitional Changes on High-Resolution Computed Tomography to Monitor the Impact of Cyclophosphamide or Mycophenolate Mofetil on Systemic Sclerosis-Related Interstitial Lung Disease.

OBJECTIVE To examine changes in the extent of specific patterns of interstitial lung disease (ILD) as they transition from one pattern to another in response to immunosuppressive therapy in systemic sclerosis-related ILD (SSc-ILD). METHODS We evaluated changes in the quantitative extent of specific lung patterns of ILD using volumetric high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans obtained at baseline and after 2 years of therapy in patients treated with either cyclophosphamide (CYC) for 1 year or mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) for 2 years in Scleroderma Lung Study II. ILD patterns included lung fibrosis, ground glass, honeycombing, and normal lung. Net change was calculated as the difference in the probability of change from one ILD pattern to another. Wilcoxon's signed rank test was used to compare the changes. RESULTS Forty-seven and 50 patients had baseline and follow-up scans in the CYC and MMF groups, respectively. Mean net improvements reflecting favorable changes from one ILD pattern to another in the whole lung in the CYC and MMF groups, respectively, were as follows: from lung fibrosis to a normal lung pattern, 21% and 19%; from a ground-glass pattern to a normal lung pattern, 30% and 28%; and from lung fibrosis to a ground-glass pattern, 5% and 0.5%. The mean overall improvement in transitioning from a ground-glass pattern or lung fibrosis to a normal lung pattern was significant for both treatments (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Significantly favorable transitions from both ground-glass and lung fibrosis ILD patterns to a normal lung pattern were observed in patients undergoing immunosuppressive treatment for SSc-ILD, suggesting the usefulness of examining these transitions for insights into the underlying pathobiology of treatment response.
Foot plantar soft tissue malignant myoepithelioma tumor: Case report and review of the literature.

Abstract The spectrum of myoepithelial tumors usually occur in the salivary glands, and occasionally in the skin, breast, upper aero-digestive tract, and soft tissues. The myoepithelial tumors have no sex predominance and usually present within a wide range of age of distribution around the third and fifth decades. We describe a 12 year old male patient with primary malignant myoepithelial tumor in the foot plantar soft tissues. Including this tumor with unusual location, and age of presentation is essential in the differential diagnosis for soft tissue tumors in the pediatric population.
Errors in femoral anteversion, femoral offset, and vertical offset following robot-assisted total hip arthroplasty.

The objectives were to determine errors in femoral anteversion (FA), femoral offset (FO), and vertical offset (VO) with robot-assisted total hip arthroplasty (THA) and how consistently these errors are within clinically desirable limits of ±5° and ±5 mm. After preoperative planning, robot-assisted THAs were performed on twelve cadaveric specimens. The error between achieved and planned component placements was used to determine bias (mean error) and precision (SD of error). The percent of the population within clinically desirable limits was determined. Bias of 1.5° and 2.7 mm occurred for FA and VO, respectively. Precision was 1.2° for FA and better than 1.5 mm for FO and VO. The percent of population within clinically desirable limits was at least 95% for FA and at least 99% for FO. With limits of ±7 mm, at least 95% of the population was within these limits for VO. Robot-assisted THA may improve clinical outcomes.
Bioenhanced back diffusion and population dynamics of Dehalococcoides mccartyi strains in heterogeneous porous media

Abstract Diffusion, sorption-desorption, and biodegradation influence chlorinated solvent storage in, and release (mass flux) from, low-permeability media. Although bioenhanced dissolution of non-aqueous phase liquids has been well-documented, less attention has been directed towards biologically-mediated enhanced diffusion from low-permeability media. This process was investigated using a heterogeneous aquifer cell, packed with 20–30 mesh Ottawa sand and lenses of varying permeability (1.0 × 10−12-1.2 × 10−11 m2) and organic carbon (OC) content (
"¿ME ESTÁS OYENDO, INÚTIL?" CARLOS MONSIVÁIS Y LA MÚSICA DEL APOCALIPSTICK MEXICANO

TEXTOS HIBRIDOS Vol. 1, No. 1 (julio 2011) “?ME ESTAS OYENDO, INUTIL?” CARLOS MONSIVAIS Y LA MUSICA DEL APOCALIPSTICK MEXICANO Oswaldo Estrada University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ?Que vamos a hacer sin ti, Monsi? Aqui caminamos a tu lado, sonreimos contigo, cantamos contigo, a ti te gustaba cantar y eras muy entonado, te gustaba reirte y reir contigo nos hacia sentirnos casi dioses […] ?Que vamos a hacer sin ti, Monsi? Elena Poniatowska TODO aquel que ha leido a Carlos Monsivais (1938-2010) sabe que por decadas sus cronicas han reflejado controversiales facetas de la sociedad mexicana, desde su economia y cultura de masas, hasta su politica y sexualidad, o sus tropiezos deterministas en una historia circular. Esto es evidente desde sus primeros libros Dias de guardar (1970), Amor perdido (1977) o Escenas de pudor y liviandad (1981), hasta sus mas recientes colecciones Aires de familia (2000) e Imagenes de la tradicion viva (2006), donde el cronista mayor de Mexico explora con efectividad la represion material y psicologica del pais, sus enclaves de subdesarrollo, asi como una serie de desencuentros historicos con la mal llamada “modernidad” o el tan anhelado “progreso.” Tal vez debido a este amplio perfil interdisciplinario, es que la mayoria de los estudios en torno a su obra tienden a senalar —con demasiada frecuencia y no poca redundancia— ciertas particularidades que facilitan la comprension de todo aquello que abarca la marca registrada y el sello de garantia Monsivais. Se dice en repetidas ocasiones, por ejemplo, que haciendo las veces de historiador, biografo o reportero, Monsivais transporta lo marginal al centro de los debates nacionales, a traves de un genero hibrido que confronta lo local con lo global (Mudrovcic 30). Por ser practicante de la cronica, obligadamente su nombre se cita con los de Jose Joaquin Blanco o Elena Poniatowska, cuya escritura “liminal” (Corona y Jorgensen 1-5) es, sin embargo, diferente en forma y contenido, perspectiva critica y lugar de enunciacion. Si como Mexico no hay dos, como Monsivais tampoco, porque en su escritura camaleonica el orden de los factores discursivos altera el producto final.
Valuing tourism to a historic World War II national memorial

Abstract This study contributes to the existing literature on valuing visitation to an important cultural heritage site. Pearl Harbor National Memorial in Hawaii remembers and honors those that served the United States in the Pacific battles of World War II. Although historic and cultural monuments and memorials comprise a substantial portion of the U.S. National Park System, there is little research into the economic benefits such sites provide to visitors. These benefits are a critical component of planning and management decisions based on an economic efficiency criterion. This study contributes to the literature by quantifying the economic value derived from visitation to Pearl Harbor National Memorial, home of the USS Arizona Memorial. Using data from a recent visitor survey, we explore the motivations for visiting the site and how such motivations may influence these values. These findings have significant implications, demonstrating a substantial return on the public's investment in a unique historic site and recent investments in maintaining the site for safety and an enhanced visitor experience.
The Diffusion of Title IX Sexual Harassment Complaints Throughout U.S. Colleges and Universities

Title IX is an expansive U.S. civil rights law that prohibits sex discrimination in federally funded education programs. Specialized use of the law to combat sexual harassment—in the form of federal complaints filed against higher education institutions alleging their failure to address the problem—has become increasingly prevalent. The mechanisms driving this dramatic change are likely operating on the level of complainants but these are extremely difficult to observe because complainants’ identities are kept anonymous. What can be observed are the organizations targeted in complaints. Using a new data set comprised of all resolved postsecondary Title IX complaints filed with the Department of Education from 1994 to 2014 (N=10,255), this article examines whether and how sexual harassment complaints have diffused within the population of four-year nonprofit colleges and universities. Event history models indicate complaints flow more rapidly among schools of similar status as well as among institutions linked by a new indicator for social proximity that may allow multiple contagion processes to operate simultaneously. The article illuminates a pressing transformation affecting higher education and more general processes whereby society comes to shape law.
Physiologic vasomotor symptoms are associated with verbal memory dysfunction in breast cancer survivors.

Objective Vasomotor symptoms (VMS), sleep disturbance, and cognitive complaints are common among women with a history of breast cancer and contribute to decreased quality of life. Studies in healthy women showed an association between verbal memory performance and physiologic VMS measured with ambulatory skin conductance monitors but not with VMS by self-report. We hypothesized that we would find a similar association in women with breast cancer. Methods Participants included 30 female breast cancer survivors (mean age 52.7 y; 26.7% African-American) with moderate-to-severe VMS enrolled in a larger clinical trial of a nonhormonal intervention for VMS. At baseline, participants completed assessments of physiologic VMS, actigraphy-based assessments of sleep, questionnaires about mood, and two tests of verbal memory - Logical Memory (LM) and the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT). Using baseline data, we conducted multivariate regression analyses to examine the association between VMS and memory, controlling for sleep and other factors. Results On average, women reported 46% of total physiologic VMS. A higher frequency of physiologic VMS - but not reported VMS - was significantly associated with lower scores on the California Verbal Learning Test short-delay free recall (r[28] = -0.41, P = 0.03), long-delay free recall (r[28] = -0.42, P = 0.03), and total clustering, (r[28] = -0.39, P = 0.04). These associations were independent of sleep, mood, and other factors. Conclusions Independent of their effect on sleep, VMS may be a modifiable contributor to memory difficulties in women with breast cancer. These findings underscore the importance of objective measurement of VMS in cognitive studies. : Video Summary:http://links.lww.com/MENO/A623.
First described fossil representatives of the parasitoid wasp taxa Asaphesinae n. n. and Eunotinae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae sensu lato) from Eocene Baltic amber

New Baltic amber species of Pteromalidae sensu lato are described, from two different subfamilies, Asaphesinae n. n. and Eunotinae. Asaphesinae is provided as a replacement name for Asaphinae Ashme...
Durvalumab and tremelimumab with or without stereotactic body radiation therapy in relapsed small cell lung cancer: a randomized phase II study

Background Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) targeting programmed cell death protein 1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 has achieved modest clinical activity as salvage therapy in relapsed small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We conducted this signal-finding study to assess the efficacy of ICB with or without radiation in relapsed SCLC. Methods Patients with relapsed SCLC and ≤2 previous lines of therapy were randomized to (1) arm A: durvalumab (D) 1500 mg/tremelimumab (T) 75 mg (intravenously every 4 weeks without stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT)) or (2) arm B: immune-sensitizing SBRT to one selected tumor site (9 Gy × 3 fractions) followed by D/T. Treatment continued until progression or a maximum of 12 months. The co-primary endpoints of the study were overall response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). We evaluated circulating lymphocyte repertoire in serial peripheral blood samples and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from on-treatment biopsies as pharmacodynamic markers. Results Eighteen patients were randomized to arms A and B (n=9 each): median age 70 years; 41.2% women. The median PFS and ORR were 2.1 months and 0% in arm A and 3.3 months and 28.6% in arm B. The median overall survival (OS) was 2.8 months in arm A and 5.7 months in arm B (p=0.3772). Pooled efficacy of D/T±SBRT in 15 Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) evaluable patients across both arms showed the best ORR in terms of partial response in 13.3%, stable disease in 26.6% and progressive disease in 60.0%; the overall median PFS and OS were 2.76 and 3.9 months. The most common adverse events were grade 1 fatigue (66%) and grade 1 elevated amylase (56%) in arm A, and grade 1 fatigue (56%) and pain (44%) in arm B. There was a significant increase in activated CD8(+)ICOS+ T cells (p=0.048) and a reduction in naive T cells (p=0.0454) in peripheral blood following treatment, along with a significant amount of activated CD8+ICOS+ T cells in TILs from responders. Conclusions The D/T combination with and without SBRT was safe but did not show sufficient efficacy signal in relapsed SCLC. Changes in peripheral blood lymphocyte and TILs were consistent with an immunologic response. Trial registration numberNCT02701400.
Deinstitutionalizing art of the nomadic museum: practicing and theorizing critical art therapy with adolescents (Explorations in mental health) by Eva Marxen

Deinstitutionalizing Art of the Nomadic Museum: Practicing and Theorising Critical Art Therapy with Adolescents (Explorations in Mental Health) is a timely read for those engaging in developing cri...
Decomposing Convolutional Neural Networks into Reusable and Replaceable Modules.

Training from scratch is the most common way to build a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based model. What if we can build new CNN models by reusing parts from previously build CNN models? What if we can improve a CNN model by replacing (possibly faulty) parts with other parts? In both cases, instead of training, can we identify the part responsible for each output class (module) in the model(s) and reuse or replace only the desired output classes to build a model? Prior work has proposed decomposing dense-based networks into modules (one for each output class) to enable reusability and replaceability in various scenarios. However, this work is limited to the dense layers and based on the one-to-one relationship between the nodes in consecutive layers. Due to the shared architecture in the CNN model, prior work cannot be adapted directly. In this paper, we propose to decompose a CNN model used for image classification problems into modules for each output class. These modules can further be reused or replaced to build a new model. We have evaluated our approach with CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet tiny datasets with three variations of ResNet models and found that enabling decomposition comes with a small cost (2.38% and 0.81% for top-1 and top-5 accuracy, respectively). Also, building a model by reusing or replacing modules can be done with a 2.3% and 0.5% average loss of accuracy. Furthermore, reusing and replacing these modules reduces CO2e emission by ~37 times compared to training the model from scratch.
Enabling Low-Temperature Reworkability for Anisotropic Conductive Adhesives

Reworkable anisotropic conductive adhesives (ACAs) are of interest when the material is used for assembling electronic modules with high value, such as in medical devices. Adhesive matrices comprising a blend of a thermosetting epoxy and a thermoplastic polymer are selected because it has shown potential to ensure good electrical and mechanical integrity whilst still allowing reworkability for ACA assemblies. Our previous work demonstrated the feasibility of using blends of an epoxy and a thermoplastic polysulfone as an adhesive matrix for the reworkable ACAs. The rework temperature, however, is relatively high (190°C) which causes disadvantages for the rework process and safety of sensitive electronic components nearby. ACA material with lower rework temperature is thus of interest. This paper presents the findings of favorable mixing ratio between an epoxy compatible with ACA applications and a thermoplastic polymer that offers good mechanical strength combined with reworkability at a temperature as low as 100°C. The results show that the adhesive blends with a high concentration of thermoplastic polymer (35–65 wt%) exhibit satisfactory die shear strength at temperatures relevant for production/storage (23°C) and operation of medical devices (50°C). Furthermore, successful rework at temperature as low as 100°C is confirmed for such adhesive blends.
IL-1 reprogramming of adult neural stem cells limits neurocognitive recovery after viral encephalitis by maintaining a proinflammatory state.

Abstract Innate immune responses to emerging RNA viruses are increasingly recognized as having significant contributions to neurologic sequelae, especially memory disorders. Using a recovery model of West Nile virus (WNV) encephalitis, we show that, while macrophages deliver the antiviral and anti-neurogenic cytokine IL-1β during acute infection; viral recovery is associated with continued astrocyte inflammasome-mediated production of inflammatory levels of IL-1β, which is maintained by hippocampal astrogenesis via IL-1R1 signaling in neural stem cells (NSC). Accordingly, aberrant astrogenesis is prevented in the absence of IL-1 signaling in NSC, indicating that only newly generated astrocytes exert neurotoxic effects, preventing synapse repair and promoting spatial learning deficits. Ex vivo evaluation of IL-1β-treated adult hippocampal NSC revealed the upregulation of developmental differentiation pathways that derail adult neurogenesis in favor of astrogenesis, following viral infection. We conclude that NSC-specific IL-1 signaling within the hippocampus during viral encephalitis prevents synapse recovery and promotes spatial learning defects via altered fates of NSC progeny that maintain inflammation.
Möbius transformations in expressed through 2×2 matrices of clifford numbers

This is an expository paper. Its purpose is to show, in contemporary mathematical language, how to study Mobius transformations in several dimensions as linear fractions with Clifford numbers as coefficients. The method was introduced by K. Th. Vahlen in 1902, but was forgotten for a long time.
Impact of the immunological synapse on T cell signaling.

T cell activation requires interactions of T cell antigen receptors and peptides presented by major histocompatibility complex molecules in an adhesive junction between the T cell and antigen-presenting cell (APC). Stable junctions with bull's-eye supramolecular activation clusters have been defined as immunological synapses (IS). These structures maintain T cell–APC interaction and allow directed secretion. T cells can also be activated by asymmetric hemisynapses (HS) that allow migration during signal integration. IS and HS dominate in different stages of T cell priming. Optimal effector functions may also depend upon cyclical use of IS and HS.
Large granular lymphocyte leukemia: clinical background, molecular pathogenesis and treatment

Introduction: Large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukemia is a rare lymphoproliferative disease of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. It almost always is a chronic, indolent disease; however, rarely it can present with an aggressive clinical course. The lack of a definitive cure for this disease warrants a review of current therapeutic options and potential future treatments.Areas covered: In this paper, we provide an overview of the clinical background of LGL leukemia and discuss its epidemiology, clinical features and diagnosis. We then explore the underlying pathophysiological changes that contribute to disease development and progression. Finally, we discuss current therapeutic strategies and our recommended therapeutic regimen.Expert opinion: We discuss our recommend therapeutic strategy and the underlying difficulty in developing a targeted approach for this disease. We discuss how the future opportunities of treatment for LGL leukemia could be explored and highlight how personalized medicine could be applied an...
Daughters Who Remember. The Omnipresent Mother in Sarraute’s Enfance and the Absent Mother in Modiano’s La Petite Bijou

Pairing the novel of Enfance by Nathalie Sarraute with La Petite Bijou by Patrick Modiano lends a new perspective to the struggle of the female protagonist in both texts. Where the dominant critical view of both novels separately has presented the daughter as achieving a positive resolution to her struggle at the end of the text, deeper affinities between the narratives reveal a common denominator that debunks this perspective. Rereading the novels from the psychological framework of family systems theory, I suggest that the daughter wades unsuccessfully through issues of attachment and differentiation from her mother. In the two contrasting cases of Enfance, where attachment is too intense, and La Petite Bijoux, where it is too feeble, the daughter is caught in the same persistent cycle of struggle and failure to gain autonomy, thereby demonstrating that a resolution that other critics want to see is equally impossible.
Marshall and Walras, disequilibrium trades and the dynamics of equilibration in the continuous double auction market

Prices and quantities converge to the theoretical competitive equilibria in continuous, double auction markets. The double auction is not a tatonnement mechanism. Disequilibrium trades take place. The absence of any influence of disequilibrium trades, which have the capacity to change the theoretical equilibrium, appears to be due to a property found in the Marshallian model of single market adjustments. The Marshallian model incorporates a principle of self-organizing, coordination that mysteriously determines the sequence in which specific pairs of agents trade in an environment in which market identities and agent preferences are not public. Disequilibrium trades along the Marshallian path of trades do not change the theoretical equilibrium. The substance of this paper is to demonstrate that the Marshallian principle captures a natural tendency of the adjustment in single, continuous, double auction markets and to suggest how it takes place. The Marshallian model of quantity adjustment and the Walrasian model of market price adjustment can be seen as companion theories that explain the allocation and price processes of a market. The Marshallian model explains the evolution of the allocation, who will meet and trade, and the Walrasian excess demand explains the evolution of prices when they do.
Deceptive exhibitions: Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir

Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir. A documentary film by Max Cacopardo, Madeleine Gobeil, and Claude Lanzmann. Photographed by Michel Brault (1967). DVD/VHS release (2005): First Run/Icarus F...
Attenuation of the media of coronary arteries in advanced atherosclerosis

Human coronary artery wall architecture was analyzed in detail in 127 histologic sections with varying degrees of narrowing due to atherosclerotic plaque. A planimetry-microscope system was used to morphometrically determine percent luminal cross-sectional area narrowing due to atherosclerotic plaque, absolute area of the coronary artery media and total cross-sectional area of the coronary artery section. In 65 sections in which the native coronary artery lumen was narrowed less than 75%, the area of the coronary artery media corrected for total coronary cross-sectional area (M c ) was 0.244 ± 0.055 mm 2 . In contrast, among 62 sections in which the coronary artery lumen was narrowed more than 75% in cross-sectional area, M c measured 0.180 ± 0.078 (p
Electrosorptive detection in liquid chromatography of simple charged organic compounds

The applicability of electrosorptive (ES) detection in liquid chromatography to charged organic species, specifically amines, alkanolamines, and alkylsulfonates is demonstrated. Separations can be carried out using ion-pair chromatography, and detection acieved by measuring changes in differential double-layer capacitance (DLC), ΔCd, brought about by analyte adsorption at potentials either well negative or positive of the potential of zero charge (pzc), depending on whether cationic or anionic forms, respectively, are being determined. The ΔCd-analyte concentration response curves are linear over a limited range. A welcome feature of the technique is that organic modifiers may be used in the mobile phase without deleterious consequence to the detection. Attempts were also made to detect these charged species as ion pairs by DLC at potentials close to the pzc. This approach, however, appears to have less practical utility.