cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Automated detection of surface defects in water and sewer pipes

Automation is gaining momentum in industry, particularly in rehabilitation and inspection works of underground infrastructure facilities. This paper describes a model for automating inspection and identification of surface defects in underground water and sewer pipes. The paper describes the current efforts in identification of surface defects in underground water and sewer mains, and presents an automated system designed to assist infrastructure engineers in diagnosing defects in this class of pipe networks. It describes the general architecture of the system and its basic components, and focuses primarily on four modules designed for automating image acquisition, image processing, features extraction and classification of defects.
Planetary Nebula Central Stars and Symbiotic Stars in the MACHO Galactic Bulge Database

We have examined central stars of planetary nebulae and symbiotic stars found in the MACHO Galactic bulge database to look for variability. We found four central stars of planetary nebulae and eight symbiotic stars that show variability. We examine thevariability and the nature of these objects in detail, as well as reporting on the objects that we did not find to be variable. catalogs 1 and the full database of detected sources. Sources from the full MACHO database of millions of objects were selected for the MGB Variable Star Catalog if the central 80% of points in the object's light curve failed to fit a constant magnitude in a χ-square test. This criterion resulted in 521,007 candidate variables in the Galactic bulge. 2 MACHO data were taken simultaneously in two nonstandard filters: red and blue. These can be transformed to Cousins V and R using the method of Bessell & Germany (1999), which was calibrated for metal-poor giants. We present these magnitudes here in the interest of providing rough estimates. When we only have data in one MACHO band, we assume a color of 0 for PNCS and 1 for SS
TEHD Behavior of Non-Newtonian Dynamically Loaded Journal Bearings in Mixed Lubrication for Direct Problem

A transient non-Newtonian TEHD analysis for dynamically loaded journal bearings in mixed lubrication is developed for direct problem. A mass conserving cavitation is included and viscoelasticity subsuming shear thinning is characterized by the upper converted Maxwell fluid and the power law fluid models. The Reynolds equation, the transient two-dimensional energy equation in the film, the quasi-steady-state two-dimensional heat conduction equation in the bushing and heat balance in the journal are solved using finite difference formulations. The thermal and elastic deformation equations are solved using the finite element method. The relation between the average contact pressure and the average gap is numerically determined in micro scale. Effects of roughness texture, degree of asperity contact, shear index, relaxation time, thermal and elastic deformations on bearing behavior are investigated.
PATIENTS' EVALUATION OR THE OUTPATIENT SERVICES IN A SCHOOL OF DENTAL MEDICINE*

Dr. Kress and his associates have performed an interesting service by determining the likes and dislikes of patients treated by students in the dental clinics of Schools of Dentistry.
Nuclear Translocation of Phospholipase C-δ1 Is Linked to the Cell Cycle and Nuclear Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate

Nuclear phosphoinositides, especially phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, fluctuate throughout the cell cycle and are linked to proliferation and differentiation. Here we report that phospholipase C-δ1 accumulates in the nucleus at the G1/S boundary and in G0 phases of the cell cycle. Furthermore, as wild-type protein accumulated in the nucleus, nuclear phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate levels were elevated 3–5-fold, whereas total levels were decreased compared with asynchronous cultures. To test whether phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate binding is important during this process, we introduced a R40D point mutation within the pleckstrin homology domain of phospholipase C-δ1, which disables high affinity phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate binding, and found that nuclear translocation was significantly reduced at G1/S and in G0. These results demonstrate a cell cycle-dependent compartmentalization of phospholipase C-δ1 and support the idea that relative levels of phosphoinositides modulate the portioning of phosphoinositide-binding proteins between the nucleus and other compartments.
Completeness Comparisons Among Sequences of Samples. II. Censoring from Above or Below, and General Censoring.

Abstract : Two sequences of samples are available, and it is known that just one sequence represents the remainder of original random samples which have been censored. Methods of deciding which sequence has been censored are described, for the cases of (a) censoring from above or below (b) general censoring. It is not necessary to know the population distribution of the observed characteristic to apply the method. There is some calculation and discussion of the accuracy of the methods. (Author)
Enhancement of Nitric Oxide Release from Nitrosyl Hemoglobin and Nitrosyl Myoglobin by Red/Near Infrared Radiation: Potential Role in Cardioprotection

Nitric oxide is an important messenger in numerous biological processes, such as angiogenesis, hypoxic vasodilation, and cardioprotection. Although nitric oxide synthases (NOS) produce the bulk of NO, there is increasing interest in NOS independent generation of NO in vivo, particularly during hypoxia or anoxia, where low oxygen tensions limit NOS activity. Interventions that can increase NO bioavailability have significant therapeutic potential. The use of far red and near infrared light (R/NIR) can reduce infarct size, protect neurons from methanol toxicity, and stimulate angiogenesis. How R/NIR modulates these processes in vivo and in vitro is unknown, but it has been suggested that increases in NO levels are involved. In this study we examined if R/NIR light could facilitate the release of NO from nitrosyl heme proteins. In addition, we examined if R/NIR light could enhance the protective effects of nitrite on ischemia and reperfusion injury in the rabbit heart. We show both in purified systems and in myocardium that R/NIR light can decay nitrosyl hemes and release NO, and that this released NO may enhance the cardioprotective effects of nitrite. Thus, the photodissociation to NO and its synergistic effect with sodium nitrite may represent a noninvasive and site-specific means for increasing NO bioavailability.
In-Situ Stress and Rock Strength in the GBRN/DOE Pathfinder Well, South Eugene Island, Gulf of Mexico

The authors present a relatively simple technique to constrain in-situ stress and effective rock strength from observations of wellbore failure in inclined wells. Application of this technique in the Global Basins Research Network (GBRN)/DOE Pathfinder well demonstrated that (1) the azimuth of S{sub h min} is {approx} N42{degree}E, perpendicular to a major growth fault penetrated by the well; (2) the magnitude of S{sub H max} is relatively close to the vertical stress; and (3) the effective in-situ compressive rock strength is 3,500 to 4,000 psi. They show that once they have estimated in-situ stress and rock strength, it is possible to compute the mud pressure required to inhibit failure for wells of any azimuth and inclination. Finally, they show how it is possible to estimate the magnitudes of both S{sub h min} and S{sub H max} in cases where independent knowledge of stress orientation is available (for example, from wellbore breakouts in nearby vertical boreholes).
Quantitative Risk Assessment for Teratological Effects

Abstract This article presents a quantitative procedure for using a “benchmark dose” to obtain low-dose risk estimates for reproductive and developmental toxic effects. This procedure combines the best features of the previously proposed methods for handling litter effects for teratology data and the currently used methods for quantitative risk assessment. The beta-binomial distribution is used to account for litter effects, and the Weibull dose—response model is used for modeling teratogenic effects. A benchmark dose, defined to be the lowest dose at which the excess risk does not exceed 1% with 95% confidence, is proposed to replace the no-observed-effect level (NOEL). The NOEL is generally the highest experimental dose that is not statistically different from the control; the NOEL approach does not use experimental data effectively for quantitative risk estimation. In this article, a lower limit on the safe dose is estimated by linearly extrapolating downward from the benchmark dose; this procedure is ...
Refined Energy Correction for Calibration of Submerged Radial Gates

The energy-momentum sE-Md method for calibrating submerged radial gates was refined using a large laboratory data set collected at the Bureau of Reclamation hydraulics laboratory in the 1970s. The original E-M method was accurate in free flow, and when the gate significantly controls submerged flow, but for large gate openings with low head loss through the gate, discharge prediction errors were sometimes large ~approaching 70%!. Several empirical factors were investigated with the laboratory data, including the combined upstream energy loss and velocity distribution factor and the submerged flow energy correction. The utility of the existing upstream energy loss and velocity distribution factor relation was extended to larger Reynolds numbers. The relation between the relative energy correction and the relative submergence of the vena contracta was shown to be sensitive to the relative jet thickness. A refined energy correction model was developed, which significantly improved the accuracy of submerged flow discharge predictions. Although the focus of this work was radial gates, the energy correction concept and these refinements potentially have application to all submerged sluice gates.
Differential regulation of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein-1 messenger ribonucleic acids by amino acid availability and growth hormone in rat hepatocyte primary culture

To determine the mechanisms involved in the nutritional regulation of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) production and action, we studied the regulation of IGF-I and IGF-Binding Protein 1 (IGFBP-1) gene expression by GH and amino acid availability in rat hepatocyte primary culture. Hepatocytes were isolated by in situ collagenase perfusion and cultured on Matrigel in serum-free medium containing insulin and hydrocortisone. Rat GH (500 ng/ml) increased IGF-I messenger RNA (mRNA) abundance 6.9-fold at 24 h, as measured by Northern Blot using an IGF-I-specific riboprobe. In contrast, IGFBP-1 mRNA levels were decreased by 41% after 24 h of rat GH treatment. Hepatocytes were incubated for 24 h in three media differing in their amino acid concentrations::0.2x, 1x, and 5x the normal rat plasma concentration. Amino acid deprivation (0.2x) decreased the abundance of IGF-I mRNAs (-56% after 24 h), whereas amino acid excess (5x) increased it (+70%) in comparison to the Ix medium. In contrast, amino acid deprivation increased IGFBP-1 mRNA abundance (+69%), whereas excess decreased it (-75%). Studies of the interaction between GH and amino acids, accomplished by the simultaneous manipulation of the two, suggest that each factor modulates the IGF-I mRNA and the IGFBP-1 mRNA and protein response to the other. We conclude that the IGF-I and IGFBP-1 genes are regulated in opposite ways by GH and amino acid availability. Our observations suggest that amino acids and GH regulate the production of IGF-I directly and exert indirect effects on IGF-I action by regulating the production of IGFBP-1.
Microarray technologies 2003 -- an overview.

Gene expression analysis has progressedin a relatively short time from the tradi-tional ‘one gene at a time’ analysis todetailed surveys of complete genomes.Professor Ed Southern is globally recog-nized for his key insight over 25 yearsago that labeled nucleic acid moleculesthat could be used to interrogate geneticmaterial to determine DNA sequence
A theory of size-limited filter banks

A theoretical framework for the design, implementation, and analysis of size-limited filter banks was presented by the same authors (1992). Several properties of these size-limited filter banks are discussed in detail. Two classes of size-limited filter banks based on linear time-varying (LTV) filters are presented. The relative merits of the various size-limited filter banks are assessed. This is accomplished by generalizing the concepts of theoretical coding gain (TCG) and optimal bit allocation to the size-limited filter banks and then calculating the TCG for a variety of different size-limited filter banks and input signals. In particular, it is revealed that, for finite extent inputs which are derived by windowing first-order autoregressive (AR) random processes, the performance of the different size-limited filter banks is a function of the degree of correlation in the AR process. >
Forest plots in reports of systematic reviews: a cross-sectional study reviewing current practice

Background Forest plots are graphical displays of findings of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Little is known about the style and content of these plots and whether published plots maximize the graphic's potential for information exchange. Methods We examine the number, style and content of forest plots presented in a previously studied cross-sectional sample of 300 systematic reviews. We studied all forest plots in non-Cochrane reviews and a sample of forest plots in Cochrane reviews. Results The database contained 129 Cochrane reviews and 171 non-Cochrane reviews. All the Cochrane reviews had forest plots (2197 in total), and a random sample of 500 of these plots were included. In total, 28 of the non-Cochrane reviews had forest plots (139 in total), all of which were included. Plots in Cochrane reviews were standardized but often contained little data (80% had three or fewer studies; 10% had no studies) and always presented studies in alphabetical order. Non-Cochrane plots depicted a larger number of studies (60% had four or more studies) and 59% ordered studies by a potentially meaningful characteristic, but important information was often missing. Of the 28 reviews that had a forest plots with at least 10 studies, 3 (11%) had funnel plots. Conclusions Forest plots in Cochrane reviews were highly standardized but some of the standards do not optimize information exchange, and many of the plots had too little data to be useful. Forest plots in non-Cochrane reviews often omitted key elements but had more data and were often more thoughtfully constructed.
AGNESS: a generalized network-based expert system shell

AGNESS is an expert system shell developed at the University of Minnesota. AGNESS is more general than other shells. It uses a computation network to represent expert defined rules, and can handle any well-defined inference method. The system works with non-numeric as well as numeric data, and shares constructs whenever possible to achieve increased storage efficiency. AGNESS uses a menu-driven user interface, and has several features that make the system friendly and convenient to use. The system includes eight explanation queries designed to increase the amount of information available to the user, the expert, and the knowledge engineer while remaining simple enough to be included in most of today's expert system shells. AGNESS has been tested on several domains ranging from simplified problems to real world medical analysis.
A comprehensive correlating equation for forced convection from flat plates

A correlating equation was developed which provides a continuous representation for all Pr and Re. Different constants are suggested for the local and mean Nusselt numbers and for uniform wall temperature and heating. These constants are based on the best available theoretical and experimental results.
CORR ® curriculum--orthopaedic education: operative assessment and the ACGME milestones: time for change.

Orthopaedic medical education is in the midst of a major paradigm shift. Where advancement in orthopaedic residency previously lacked specific content and achievement requirements, the recent implementation of the Milestones program as outlined by the Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) now provides a detailed framework for determining residency knowledge within specific core competencies [1]. Residency education remains a polarizing issue, and just what constitutes proper oversight for resident education is controversial. In order to make good choices about the future of residency education reform, it is important to understand how we got to this point.
Immunization with Recombinant Streptococcus pneumoniae Neuraminidase NanA Protects Chinchillas against Nasopharyngeal Colonization

Immunization with recombinant S. pneumoniae neuraminidase NanA (rNanA) resulted in a significant reduction in pneumococcal colonization in the chinchilla model. The bacteria were eliminated from the nasopharynx 1 week earlier than that from the control cohort. Our data suggest that rNanA affords protection against pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization.
Homeotic Transformations of Neuronal Cell Identities

Homeosis is classically defined as the transformation of one body part into something that resembles another body part. We propose here to broaden the concept of homeosis to the many neuronal cell identity transformations that have been uncovered over the past few years upon removal of specific regulatory factors in organisms from Caenorhabditis elegans to Drosophila, zebrafish, and mice. The concept of homeosis provides a framework for the evolution of cell type diversity in the brain.
Mechanical restriction of intracortical vessel dilation by brain tissue sculpts the hemodynamic response

Understanding the spatial dynamics of dilation in the cerebral vasculature is essential for deciphering the vascular basis of hemodynamic signals in the brain. We used two-photon microscopy to image neural activity and vascular dynamics in the somatosensory cortex of awake behaving mice during voluntary locomotion. Arterial dilations within the histologically-defined forelimb/hindlimb (FL/HL) representation were larger than arterial dilations in the somatosensory cortex immediately outside the FL/HL representation, demonstrating that the vascular response during natural behaviors was spatially localized. Surprisingly, we found that locomotion drove dilations in surface vessels that were nearly three times the amplitude of intracortical vessel dilations. The smaller dilations of the intracortical arterioles were not due to saturation of dilation. Anatomical imaging revealed that, unlike surface vessels, intracortical vessels were tightly enclosed by brain tissue. A mathematical model showed that mechanical restriction by the brain tissue surrounding intracortical vessels could account for the reduced amplitude of intracortical vessel dilation relative to surface vessels. Thus, under normal conditions, the mechanical properties of the brain may play an important role in sculpting the laminar differences of hemodynamic responses.
Spontaneous Symmetry Breakdown without Massless Bosons

We examine a simple relativistic theory of two scalar fields, first discussed by Goldstone, in which as a result of spontaneous breakdown of $U(1)$ symmetry one of the scalar bosons is massless, in conformity with the Goldstone theorem. When the symmetry group of the Lagrangian is extended from global to local $U(1)$ transformations by the introduction of coupling with a vector gauge field, the Goldstone boson becomes the longitudinal state of a massive vector boson whose transverse states are the quanta of the transverse gauge field. A perturbative treatment of the model is developed in which the major features of these phenomena are present in zero order. Transition amplitudes for decay and scattering processes are evaluated in lowest order, and it is shown that they may be obtained more directly from an equivalent Lagrangian in which the original symmetry is no longer manifest. When the system is coupled to other systems in a $U(1)$ invariant Lagrangian, the other systems display an induced symmetry breakdown, associated with a partially conserved current which interacts with itself via the massive vector boson.
Improving student collaboration and engagement in project-based courses: agile project management methodology & active learning methods

Capstone courses have adopted Project-Based Learning (PBL) to emphasize integration of knowing and doing. In a typical Capstone Project course, students work in team to build a significant software intensive system and apply useful concepts and skills for analysis, design, implementation, testing, and deployment of their project. Instructors of the courses usually assume that students had learned the required concepts and skills from previous core and other elective courses.
Is the Readability of Spine-Related Patient Education Material Improving?: An Assessment of Subspecialty Websites.

STUDY DESIGN Analysis of spine-related patient education materials (PEMs) from subspecialty websites. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the readability of spine-related PEMs and compare to readability data from 2008. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Many spine patients use the Internet for health information. Several agencies recommend that the readability of online PEMs should be no greater than a sixth-grade reading level, as health literacy predicts health-related quality of life outcomes. This study evaluated whether the North American Spine Society (NASS), American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS), and American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) online PEMs meet recommended readability guidelines for medical information. METHODS All publicly accessible spine-related entries within the patient education section of the NASS, AANS, and AAOS websites were analyzed for grade level readability using the Flesch-Kincaid formula. Readability scores were also compared with a similar 2008 analysis. Comparative statistics were performed. RESULTS A total of 125 entries from the subspecialty websites were analyzed. The average (SD) readability of the online articles was grade level 10.7 (2.3). Of the articles, 117 (93.6%) had a readability score above the sixth-grade level. The readability of the articles exceeded the maximum recommended level by an average of 4.7 grade levels (95% CI, 4.292-5.103; P < 0.001). Compared with 2008, the three societies published more spine-related patient education articles (61 vs. 125, P = 0.045) and the average readability level improved from 11.5 to 10.7 (P = 0.018). Of three examined societies, only one showed significant improvement over time. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the spine-related PEMs on the NASS, AAOS, and AANS websites have readability levels that may make comprehension difficult for a substantial portion of the patient population. Although some progress has been made in the readability of PEMs over the past 7 years, additional improvement is necessary. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2.
Electrical Resistivity of Au 3 Cu at Low Temperatures

The electrical resistivity of ${\mathrm{Au}}_{3}$Cu heat-treated for different lengths of time at 185\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C was measured from liquid helium temperature to room temperature. Although this alloy is anomalous in that the ordered state has a higher electrical resistivity than the disordered one, it was found that the annealed state has actually a lower resistivity than the quenched one at liquid helium temperature. The Debye temperature of the ordered state is found to be lower than that of the disordered state and this fact is contrary to the case of ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$Au.
Activated Charcoal Is Effective But Equilibrium Dialysis Is Ineffective in Removing Oleander Leaf Extract and Oleandrin From Human Serum: Monitoring the Effect by Measuring Apparent Digoxin Concentration

Accidental poisoning from oleander leaf or oleander tea can be life threatening. The authors studied the effectiveness of activated charcoal and equilibrium dialysis in removing oleander leaf extract and commercially available oleandrin as well as oleandrigenin, the active components of oleander plant, from human serum. Oleander leaf extract was prepared in distilled water and drug-free serum was supplemented with the extract. Then serum was treated with activated charcoal at room temperature and an aliquot was removed at 0 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and finally 30 minutes to study the presence of oleander extract by measuring the apparent digoxin concentration using the FPIA for digoxin. The authors observed effective removal of oleander extract by activated charcoal. When the authors supplemented other drug-free serum pools with pure oleandrin or oleandrigenin and then subsequently treated them with activated charcoal, the authors observed complete removal of digoxin-like immunoreactivity at the end of 30 minutes' treatment. When drug-free serum pool supplemented with either oleander leaf extract, oleandrin, or oleandrigenin was passed through a small column packed with activated charcoal, the authors observed almost no apparent digoxin concentration following the passage through the column indicating that activated charcoal is very effective in removing oleander from human serum in vitro. In contrast, when serum pools containing either oleander leaf extract or oleandrin were subjected to equilibrium dialysis against phosphate buffer at pH 7.4, the authors observed no significant reduction in apparent digoxin concentration even after 24 hours. The authors conclude that activated charcoal is effective but equilibrium dialysis is ineffective in removing oleander leaf extract from human serum.
Microstructure Prediction for Cryogenic Cutting Using a Physics-based Material Model

Abstract Cryogenic cutting has been demonstrated as an effective machining process for magnesium (Mg) alloy to improve its machined surface integrity. Previous numerical studies on cryogenic cutting are mostly based on phenomenological material constitutive models, and have not considered the material twinning response during the process. In this paper, a physics-based constitutive material plasticity is developed based on both slip and twinning mechanisms and applied to model the microstructural evolution during cryogenic cutting of AZ31B-O Mg alloy. The FE model results are further discussed in terms of grain size, microhardness, residual stress, and slip/ twinning transition during the cryogenic cutting process.
Quantitative, Four-Dimensional, Laser Induced Fluorescence Imaging Studies of Scalar Mixing in Turbulent Flows

The small scale structure of the scalar energy dissipation rate field ∇ξ · ∇ξ (x, t) in turbulent shear flows is studied using quantitative, four-dimensional, spatio-temporal, laser induced fluorescence imaging of a large Schmidt number conserved scalar field ξ (x, t). Previous work [1-3] has examined the mixing process at the diffusive scale λD, and has shown that essentially all of the molecular mixing at Sc ≫ 1 occurs in thin, strained, laminar diffusion layers of the Burgers and Townsend type, in which the internal structure is self-similar. This paper addresses the scalar mixing process at scales between the scalar diffusion limit λD and the vorticity diffusion limit λv The emphasis is on an approach for quantitatively characterizing certain similarity properties of the canonical patterns into which the scalar energy dissipation layers are arranged by the continual stretching and folding action of the vorticity and strain rate fields in turbulent flows.
New Concepts in the Regulation of the Pulmonary Vasculature: Biochemical Activities of Eendothelial Cells that Ifluence Pulmonary Vascular Tone and Blood Flow

In contrast to an earlier view that the intima is an inert and passive part of blood vessels, it is now known that it is composed of responsive cells that have the potential to carry out a variety of functions. Biochemical and biologic activities of pulmonary endothelial cells (EC) contribute substantially to the “nonrespiratory” functions of the lung, including several that have clinical significance (1,2). A new concept in vascular cell biology and physiology is that EC of the pulmonary and systemic vascular beds can become “activated” - that is, alter their functional state so that basal, constitutive activities are augmented or new activities are induced - in responses to signals from the local environment (3). Such activation responses may influence the interactions of EC with humoral components of the blood, with blood cells, such as leukocytes or platelets (3), or with smooth muscle cells (4), resulting local or regional changes in vascular function. One type of activation response of EC that is particularly important in cell-cell interactions is the production of autacoids, which are potent biologically-active molecules that act in exquisitely low concentrations over short distances (i.e., in general, they do not circulate in the blood as do hormones) to induce or modulate biochemical or biologic events.
Congenital Myopathy in Lowe Syndrome

Congeni tal fiber type disproportion myopathy is described in two brothers with oculo-cerebro-renal syndrome of Lowe from the Department of Pediatrics, Tsuchiura Kyoudou Hospital; Ibaraki; Tsukuba University; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; and National Institute of Neuroscience; Kodaira, Japan.
An Introduction to the Continental Horror Film

Adopting a revisionist approach to the films of the so-called new extremism, Wynter reads the intensities of sex and violence in European art cinema not as a disparate, disconnected set of texts, but as a phenomenon genealogically linked to the American horror film. He proposes the term “continental horror” in place of the new extremism and locates European art cinema’s transition into the continental phase of the horror film in the transnational figure of the serial killer as seen in George Sluizer’s Spoorlos (1988). Wynter concludes with a detailed description of the four main motifs of the continental horror film: negative curiosity, contingency, the stranger, and the banality of evil.
Theoretical Orientation and Play Therapy: Examining Therapist Role, Session Structure, and Therapeutic Objectives

Within the context of play therapy, the author will compare and contrast three important therapeutic dimensions - therapist role, session structure, and therapeutic objective - between three distinct theoretical orientations: 1) child-centered play therapy; 2) Release/Structured play therapy; and 3) Adlerian play therapy. The author will discuss the similarities, differences, and therapeutic implica tions of each, with the belief that such examination will help counselors remain theo retically grounded in their use of play therapy and perhaps even challenge them to reexamine their beliefs about people and the most effective means of helping. Working with children in play therapy can be deeply rewarding. Many play thera pists will attest to the satisfaction they have gained from helping a troubled young person navigate the increasingly complex waters of childhood. There are, however, a number of theoretical approaches to play therapy, and most approaches differ from one another in several important therapeutic dimensions, including the role of the therapist, degree of session structure, and therapeutic objective. A detailed examination of these therapeutic dimensions and how they differ in both quality and importance between theoretical orientations is lacking in existing literature.
The Jewish Cronenberg: a cinema of therapeutic disintegration*

AbstractThis essay examines David Cronenberg’s Scanners (1981) alongside Maps to the Stars (2014) to argue that we should resist the impulse to which many critics succumb when faced with Cronenberg’s bewilderingly heterogeneous body of work: dividing his career into distinct periods, usually separated by genre labels. Instead, we need to recognize the formal and thematic discourse that has characterized his cinema from the beginnings to the present: the need for a therapy that works alongside the impossibility of ever fulfilling that need. Whether within the films as narrative and audiovisual structures or across the films as a continuing dialog with his audience as his work metamorphoses, Cronenberg’s cinema constantly reaches toward therapy as a solution to the schisms that shatter ties between mind and body, only to disintegrate the possibility that therapy can heal such schisms. But the cycle of activating and then disintegrating the therapeutic impulse is itself an illumination of how we imagine ther...
Security behaviors of healthcare providers using HIT outside of work: A technology threat avoidance perspective

This study empirically tests the model of the Technology Threats Avoidance Theory (TTAT) in a healthcare context to investigate health information technology (HIT) avoidance behaviors when used in unsecure environment. Testing the model in this new context explained avoidance behaviors towards HIT in a holistic way. It is found that the HIT avoidance is predicted by levels of perceived threat, avoidance motivation, perceived effectiveness of the safeguarding measure, perceived cost of the safeguarding measure, and the self-efficacy of using this safeguarding measure. The study also controlled for a number of variables and found that levels of education and age have significant influence on avoidance behavior towards the HIT.
Comprehensive and Methodical: Diagnostic and Management Approaches to Rapidly Progressive Dementia

Purpose of review The sudden emergence of a change in cognitive abilities or behavior is an important symptom that warrants medical evaluation and may represent the early stages of a rapidly progressive dementia (RPD). To correctly ascertain the cause of RPD in a given patient, the clinician must be methodical and knowledgeable about the range of potential causes and must move forward with supportive treatment, and in some cases empiric treatment, based on clinical features alone. Recent findings Significant advances in prion disease biomarkers, the molecular features of rapidly progressive Alzheimer's disease, and new detection of autoimmune limbic encephalitis disease entities have caused a shift in the diagnostic and treatment framework of RPD. Additionally, in the past decade, emerging retrospective data have led to suggested treatments in autoimmune encephalitis that, if instituted early, can protect patients against residual deficits and disease relapse. Summary Here, we provide an integrative clinical and diagnostic treatment approach that is applicable to the various forms of RPD. We have highlighted the clinical features of selected types of RPD that have experienced advances in the last 10-15 years.
Descriptions of Sound

Acoustics is the science of sound. For most people, the word “sound” is synonymous with “hearing,” but the realm of acoustics is far greater than phenomena associated with audible signals. The signals we hear are sound waves, in which pressure fluctuates. Hearing is a complex process of detecting and decoding these signals. Our ability to hear is as marvelous as any of our other senses. Indeed, no mechanical device can match the auditory capability of the average person. Thus, it might be appropriate to say that those of us who have an undiminished ability to hear are already acoustical experts. Many individuals take this sense for granted, but the mere fact that you are reading this book indicates that you have some awareness of sound as a basic experience that needs to be better understood. Our emphasis will be ways that sound is generated and modified by the environment in which it occurs. The topics in this text are grounded in physics and mathematics. However, the way we interpret sound cannot be ignored because it dictates the properties of a sound signal that we must characterize and evaluate. Understanding this aspect of acoustics requires expertise in biology and psychology.
Microbial Engraftment and Efficacy of Fecal Microbiota Transplant for Clostridium difficile Patients With and Without IBD

Background & Aims: Recurrent and refractory Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) are effectively treated with fecal microbiota transplant (FMT). Uncertainty exists regarding the effectiveness of FMT for CDI with underlying inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), its effects on disease activity and its effectiveness transferring the donor microbiome to patients with and without IBD. This study aims to determine FMTs effectiveness in subjects with and without IBD, its impact on IBD activity, the level of microbiome engraftment, and predictors of CDI recurrence. Methods: Subjects with and without IBD who underwent FMT for recurrent or refractory CDI between 2013 and 2016 at The Mount Sinai Hospital were followed for up to 6 months. The primary outcome was CDI recurrence 6 months after FMT. Secondary outcomes were (1) CDI recurrence 2 months after FMT; (2) Frequency of IBD flare after FMT; (3) Microbiome engraftment after FMT; (4) Predictors of CDI recurrence. Results: Overall, 134 patients, 46 with IBD, were treated with FMT. There was no difference in recurrence in patients with and without IBD at 2 months (22.5% vs 17.9%; p=0.63) and 6 months (38.7% vs 36.5%; p>0.99). Proton pump inhibitor use, severe CDI, and comorbid conditions were predictors of recurrence. The pre-FMT microbiome was not predictive of CDI recurrence. Subjects with active disease requiring medication escalation had reduced engraftment. There was no difference in engraftment based on IBD endoscopic severity at FMT. Conclusions: IBD did not affect CDI recurrence rates 6 months after FMT. Pre-FMT microbiome was not predictive of recurrence, and microbial engraftment was dependent on IBD treatment escalation but not on underlying disease severity.
Folding a viral peptide in different membrane environments: pathway and sampling analyses

Flock House virus (FHV) is a well-characterized model system to study infection mechanisms in non-enveloped viruses. A key stage of the infection cycle is the disruption of the endosomal membrane by a component of the FHV capsid, the membrane active γ peptide. In this study, we perform all-atom molecular dynamics simulations of the 21 N-terminal residues of the γ peptide interacting with membranes of differing compositions. We carry out umbrella sampling calculations to study the folding of the peptide to a helical state in homogenous and heterogeneous membranes consisting of neutral and anionic lipids. From the trajectory data, we evaluate folding energetics and dissect the mechanism of folding in the different membrane environments. We conclude the study by analyzing the extent of configurational sampling by performing time-lagged independent component analysis.
Large Diameter Pipe under Combined Loading

The writers consider the planning and performance of a full-scale test program on 30 ft. long, 4 ft. diam pipe sections. The combined loadings applied in these tests simulate the force and displacements anticipated to be introduced in the underground portion of the trans-Alaska pipeline under service conditions. Experimental results are presented, and a comparison with theoretical data are included.
Ore Microscopy of the Silver Minerals in the Epigenetic Ag-W-Sn Deposits in the Silver Mine District, Southeastern Missouri, U.S.A.

The Precambrian epigenetic Ag-W-Sn deposits of the Silver Mine district in southeastern Missouri occur as erratically distributed pods, lenses, and irregularly shaped bodies in quartz veins, contiguous greisen, and greisenized tuff. Ore microscopic examination of 200 polished sections prepared from specimens from nine mines and prospects in the district shows that the primary ores consist of 24 minerals deposited during several stages. Greisen and early vein stages involved the crystallization under xenothermal conditions of quartz, topaz, apatite, sericite, cassiterite, rutile, ilmenite, wolframite, scheelite, zinnwaldite, arsenopyrite, specular hematite, and magnetite. Subsequent stages of base and precious metal deposition consisted of pyrite, marcasite, chlorite, fluorite, sphalerite, pyrrhotite, argentiferous tennantite, antimonpearceite, argentiferous galena, chalcopyrite, berryite, and additional quartz. Fluid inclusion homogenization temperatures for fluorite and sphalerite indicate that the late sulfides and silver-bearing minerals formed under epithermal conditions.
Relativistic Harmonic Oscillator

A relativistic formulation of the simple harmonic oscillator is discussed. It differs from the customary formulation in that it is derivable from a Lorentz-invariant variational principle. A consistent relativistic quantization procedure is thereby admitted.
Removing Background with Semantic Segmentation Based on Ensemble Learning

This paper presents a deep learning approach to Kaggle Carvana Image Masking Competition, which aims at extracting the car objects in high quality images with the background removed. We formulate the background extraction problem as an image segmentation problem. In this challenge, we have evaluated different U-Net architectures. We have explored two different techniques in combining encoder downsampling features with decoder upsampling features. In addition, we have experimented replacing different pre-trained networks to accelerate the training process. Finally, we have trained different models at different image scales and predicted the final result with the ensemble method. Our final method has placed us at top 4% in the challenge and achieved a dice coefficient score of 0.99694.
Simple non-perturbative resummation schemes beyond mean-field: case study for scalar $\phi^4$ theory in 1+1 dimensions

I present a sequence of non-perturbative approximate solutions for scalar $\phi^4$ theory for arbitrary interaction strength, which contains, but allows to systematically improve on, the familiar mean-field approximation. This sequence of approximate solutions is apparently well-behaved and numerically simple to calculate since it only requires the evaluation of (nested) one-loop integrals. To test this resummation scheme, the case of $\phi^4$ theory in 1+1 dimensions is considered, finding approximate agreement with known results for the vacuum energy and mass gap up to the critical point. Because it can be generalized to other dimensions, fermionic fields and finite temperature, the resummation scheme could potentially become a useful tool for calculating non-perturbative properties approximately in certain quantum field theories.
Alemtuzumab is an effective third-line treatment versus single-agent gemcitabine or pralatrexate for refractory Sézary syndrome: a systematic review.

The efficacy of alemtuzumab for the treatment of refractory Sezary syndrome (SS) versus other third-line agents such as pralatrexate and gemcitabine is poorly characterized. To elucidate the effectiveness of alemtuzumab versus other third-line options for the treatment of refractory SS, we conducted a meta-analysis of existing data. A systematic review was performed in March 2017 based on a search using Ovid-MEDLINE® and OVID-EMBASE® for articles evaluating single-agent alemtuzumab, gemcitabine, or pralatrexate for the treatment of SS and mycosis fungoides (MF). Twenty-two publications were identified that fulfilled all search criteria (total n = 323 patients), with six publications of lower quality being excluded from our analysis in order to decrease the risk of bias (final: n = 308 patients; 93 with SS and 147 with MF). Across all studies, alemtuzumab was significantly more effective in patients with SS (overall response rate [ORR]: 81%; complete response rate [CRR]: 38%) than patients with MF (ORR: 29%; CRR: 8%). However, gemc-itabine was more effective than alemtuzumab or pralatrexate in treating MF. Alemtuzumab-treated patients had more frequent side effects, which were influenced by route of administration and dose. There was a lower incidence of lymphopenia and other serious adverse events in patients treated with subcutaneous (38%) compared to intravenous regimens (68%), and lower-dose (5%) compared to high-dose alemtuzumab regimens (54%). No significant differences were found in the effectiveness of different routes of administration or dosing regimens. Our review supports the use of low-dose subcutaneous alemtuzumab as a third-line treatment for SS.
BPS brane cosmology in = 2 supergravity

We study the embedding of flat BPS three-branes in five-dimensional supergravity theory. We derive the branes' dynamical equations as well as general expressions for the hypermultiplet fields then focus on a single brane and study its time evolution. It is shown that the brane's Hubble parameter correlates with the moduli of the underlying manifold's complex structure. For certain particular solutions, the moduli seem to exhibit an instability, being large valued at early times then rapidly decaying to either zero or some convergent constant value. The possibility of extending these results to the cosmology of our Universe is implied and briefly discussed. Our results are in line with the production and decay of heavy moduli in the early Universe, as is currently believed in the literature.
College Experiences and Learning Outcomes of Women of Color Engineering Students in the United States

Framed by Crenshaw’s concept of intersectionality, we examined how women of color students self-assess their learning outcomes, compared to white women, in engineering undergraduate programs at 18 research universities in the United States. We also examined if curricular, pedagogical, and co-curricular experiences moderate the relationship between the race/ethnicity and learning outcomes of women students. We analyzed 2,104 women students from the 2016 Student Experience in the Research University (SERU) survey. We found that Asian women self-assessed lower than white women in the learning outcomes measured, and their curricular experiences moderated the relationship between race and their self-assessments of critical thinking skills. We discussed implications for future research, institutional practices, and policies that could promote the academic success of women of color in the field of engineering.
OPERA: Open Remote Attestation for Intel's Secure Enclaves

Intel Software Guard Extensions (SGX) remote attestation enables enclaves to authenticate hardware inside which they run, and attest the integrity of their enclave memory to the remote party. To enforce direct control of attestation, Intel mandates attestation to be verified by Intel's attestation service. This Intel-centric attestation model, however, neither protects privacy nor performs efficiently when distributed and frequent attestation is required. This paper presents OPERA, an Open Platform for Enclave Remote Attestation. Without involving Intel's attestation service while conducting attestation, OPERA is unchained from Intel, although it relies on Intel to establish a chain of trust whose anchor point is the secret rooted in SGX hardware. OPERA is open, as the implementation of its attestation service is completely open, allowing any enclave developer to run her own OPERA service, and its execution is publicly verifiable and hence trustworthy; OPERA is privacy-preserving, as the attestation service does not learn which enclave is being attested or when the attestation takes place; OPERA is performant, as it does not rely on a single-point-of-verification and also reduces the latency of verification.