cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Performance of Future Elite Players at the National Football League Scouting Combine

Hedlund, DP. Performance of future elite players at the NFL scouting combine. J Strength Cond Res 32(11): 3112-3118, 2018-The purpose of this study is to examine players' physical and performance measures taken at the National Football League (NFL) Scouting Combine and compare these with their future performance in the NFL. From 2002 to 2016, 3 types of player data (N = 5,506) were collected from secondary data sources. Results of players earned on various NFL Scouting Combine drills and measurements (e.g., height, body mass, 40-yard dash time, vertical jump, bench press repetitions, shuttle run time, and 3-cone drill time), the position players play on the field (e.g., quarterback, running back, wide receiver, tight end, offensive line, defensive line, linebacker, and defensive back), and if players received elite performance awards (e.g., Pro Bowl and All-Pro selections) in the future were collected. After analyzing the data, the results indicate that (a) NFL quarterbacks that received All-Pro and Pro Bowl awards tend to be taller, weigh more, run faster in the 40-yard dash, jump higher, complete more bench press reps, and are slower for the shuttle run and 3-cone drill; (b) All-Pro and Pro Bowl NFL running backs tend to weigh more, run the 40-yard dash faster, do not jump as high, complete more bench press reps, and complete the shuttle run and 3-cone drills slower; (c) NFL wide receivers who were selected for the Pro Bowl or as All-Pros tend to be taller, weigh more, run the 40-yard dash faster, have a higher vertical jump, and run the 3-cone drill faster; (d) NFL tight ends that received All-Pro and Pro Bowl awards tend to be taller, weigh more, run the 40-yard dash faster, jump higher, complete more bench press reps, run the shuttle run slower, and complete the 3-cone drill faster; (e) All-Pro and Pro Bowl NFL offensive linemen tend to run the 40-yard dash faster, jump higher, are able to complete more bench press reps, and run both the shuttle run and 3-cone drill faster; (f) NFL defensive linemen who were selected as All-Pro and Pro Bowl players tend to be taller, weigh more, run the 40-yard dash faster, jump higher, complete more bench press reps, and run the 3-cone drill faster; (g) NFL linebackers who were named to the All-Pro and Pro Bowl teams tend to be taller, weigh more, run the 40-yard dash faster, jump higher, can complete more bench press reps, and run both the shuttle run and 3-cone drill faster; and (h) NFL wide receivers that were selected for the Pro Bowl or as an All-Pro tend to weigh more, run the 40-yard dash faster, jump higher, can complete fewer bench press reps, and run the shuttle run slower. Certified strength and conditioning specialists for college and professional teams will be able to use these results to help train and set performance goals for American football athletes with whom they work and train.
Van der Waals solids: properties and device applications

Recently, layered 2D crystals of other materials similar to graphene have been realized which include insulating hexagonal-BN (band gap ~5.5 eV) and transition metal di-chalcogenides which display properties ranging from semiconducting, superconducting, metallic to insulating. The device applications of such van der Waals solids also show promising characteristics where MoS 2 transistors have been formed on flexible and transparent substrates, and transistors derived from 2D monolayers of MoS 2 show ON/OFF ratios many orders of magnitude larger than the best graphene transistors. In this paper, an overview of the novel properties of these layered 2D nanomaterials is provided that can enable their device applications in electronics, photonics, sensors and other related applications.
Cougar (Puma concolor) Injury in the United States

Introduction Human encounters with the cougar (Puma concolor) are rare in the United States but may be fatal. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of cougar attacks in the United States. We asked Fish and Wildlife Department officials from the 16 states in which cougars are known to live to identify all verified cougar attacks recorded in state history. Variables describing the human victim, cougar, and conditions surrounding the attack were recorded. The Fisher exact test was used for comparison. Results Ten states reported 74 cougar attacks from 1924 to 2018. Persons less than 18 y of age were heavily represented among victims; 48% were Conclusions Cougar attacks are uncommon but can be fatal. Attacks commonly affect children and young adults, although all age groups are at risk of attack and death. Most attacks occur during the daytime in the summer and fall. As development and recreational activities put humans in closer contact with cougars, establishing validated public health messaging is critical to minimize injurious encounters.
Guidelines from the Academy

This chapter contains information from the American Academy of Dermatology’s and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network’s updated guidelines. This chapter is not all-inclusive, rather, it serves as a quick reference tool for the management of acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, and the use of local anesthesia in office-based dermatologic surgery according to the most recently offered guidelines.
Member spotlight: Alison Clear

In this feature of the Bulletin, we highlight members of the SIGCSE community. In this issue, Bulletin co-editor Karen Davis interviewed Alison Clear.
Inertial-based Motion Capturing and Smart Training System

Smart coaching platforms are emerging which combine Body-Sensor-Networks with AI-based training software to monitor and analyze body motions of athletes, workers, or medical patients. This allows for new opportunities to explore algorithms to interpret body sensor data and provide analytical feedback for learning a physical task, refining body motions, or to protect from work-related injuries. This paper presents a solution to non-invasively equip a person with sensors of a Smart Training System (STS) to improve training efficiency during sport activities. Our system calculates the significance of each body part during physical activities and provides targeted feedback on which body locations are under-performing. In experiments, the system collected data from 13 inertial sensors attached to the entire body of inexperienced golf learners. Using an indoor golf training net with a central target with 3 concentric zones, 1,080 real-world golf swings of 11 participants were analyzed. During the first 30 swings of each participant, the system learned distributions of motions from each sensor, conditioned on swing performance reported by users from their hitting location on the target. In the later 70 swings, feedback was provided to a subgroup of 8 participants, by computing, for an optimal set of features determined during training, the largest discrepancy. The remaining 3 (control) participants received no feedback. From only 100 golf swings for each participant, our system led to significantly improved scores by on average 3.7x (t-test, $\mathrm{p}\lt 0.0001)$ over the latter 70 swings. Our results suggest that the combination of motion sensors and processing developed here was able to yield significantly improved golf swing training.
Sylvian and Insular Exposure in the Extended Minipterional Approach: Landmarks, Benefits, and Quantitative Analysis Using a Cadaveric Study.

Objective The minipterional approach (MPTa) has been widely accepted as a minimally invasive technique in the treatment of anterior and middle cranial fossa lesions. However, this craniotomy does not facilitate exposure of the distal sylvian fissure or wide sylvian dissection. We have described a modification of the MPTa, the extended minipterional approach (eMPTa), which results in improved access to the distal sylvian fissure with minimal additional bony removal. We have defined the ideal posterior landmark for this craniotomy, the preauricular line, using an anatomic cadaveric study. Methods The insular and sylvian exposure offered by the MPTa and eMPTa were compared in 5 cadaveric heads. Anatomic exposure of the eMPTa and its anatomic relation to different landmarks were also evaluated. Results The eMPTA, extending posteriorly to the preauricular line, offers improved surgical exposure of the sylvian fissure (30.5 vs. 13 mm; P Conclusion The eMPTA offers improved access to the sylvian fissure, allowing for wider fissure splitting and only requiring extension of the posterior limit of the MPT craniotomy up to the preauricular line. This could allow for improved freedom of movement deep in the sylvian cistern and potentially expand the indications of the MPTa.
Stabilizing the Plasmonic Response of Titanium Nitride Nanocrystals with a Silicon Oxynitride Shell: Implications for Refractory Optical Materials

We discuss the synthesis and properties of nanoparticles and thin films for refractory plasmonic applications. The approach focuses on titanium nitride (TiN), which overcomes the limitations of mor...
Navigating Sepsis: A New Hospital's Journey

Background Sepsis is the third leading cause of death in the United States, with 270,000 mortalities annually; therefore, prompt recognition coupled with early treatment can save lives. Better compliance with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, SEP-1 bundle improves patient safety and save lives. New hospitals are challenged with establishing and promoting a culture of patient safety with prompt recognition of Sepsis. Our hospital opened in June 2017, as a part of a larger health system. Our first SEP-1 scores were 54.17 %. System superior goals for 2017-2018 were greater than 73% and 77.9% respectively. Could our hospital reach the superior goal and promote a culture of patient safety simultaneously? Methods The Plan-Do-Check-Act methodology was used for effectiveness. Interdisciplinary multi-modal methods were implemented such as: case fall out analysis, clinical education, a bundled Sepsis Order Set, real time outcomes communication, committee participation and formation of an Interdisciplinary Work Team. Results Quarter 3 2017 SEP-1 compliance was 54.17%. Promoting the bundled Sepsis Order Set increased compliance to 76.92% by Quarter 1 2018. Case fall out analysis with real time opportunities communicated to physicians coupled with clinical education with badge buddies increased compliance to 83.33% by Quarter 3 2018. Formation of the Sepsis Work Team and committee participation saw compliance increase to 87.10% in Quarter 4 2018. Continued promotion of Sepsis awareness and patient safety upsurged compliance to 89% in Quarter 2 2019 and 100% in Quarter 3 2019. Conclusions Our new hospital met and surpassed the system goal of 73% for 2017-2018, and 77.9% for 2019. Our multi-modal methods incorporating patient safety, sepsis awareness, and education are effective. The use of the Plan-Do-Check-Act methodology guided us to hard wire our culture of patient safety and reduce Sepsis mortalities.
Analysis for Characteristics of Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Influence of Environmental Factors According to Emotional Changes

Neurofeedback is a kind of bio feedback that induces the brain wave pattern or the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). For the last thirty years, this technique was clinically applied in order to increase the effect of the psychotherapy. However, most of the studies which were carried out until now were just simple ones that analyze the patterns of the brain waves according to specific stimulations. It seems that the studies related to the environmental factors for the specific time have not been carried out yet. There was a problem caused by the difference according to the surrounding environment when a specific type of stimulation is applied to a specific patient. Such a problem was an obstacle in the clinical utilization of this technique. In order to solve such a problem, this study has analyzed the characteristics of the brain waves along with the changes of the surrounding environment for the time when the stimulation is applied to the patient. Based on the results, the trend for inducing emotional changes in the environmental factors was analyzed. Also, a way to utilize brain waves for stable neurofeedback treatments, and related training techniques and health-care tools, which were not influenced by the environmental changes, was suggested.
Theoretical studies of the mechanism of ethylene polymerization reaction catalyzed by diimine-M(II) (M = Ni, Pd and Pt) and Ti- and Zr-chelating alkoxides

We have analyzed the computational results for several elementary reactions of the ethylene polymerization process catalyzed by an alternative (to the existing metallocene catalysts) “non-cyclopentadienyl” catalysts such as diimine-M(II) (where M = Ni and Pd) and chelating bridged Ti- and Zr-complexes. The obtained data have been compared with those for the existing zirconocene-based catalysts. In general, it was shown that: (i) the resting stage of the process is a metal-olefin-alkyl complex, the olefin coordination energy of which is a few kcal/mol larger for diimine-M(II) systems than zirconocene or dialkoxide systems; (ii) the rate-determining barrier is a migratory insertion barrier calculated from the metal-olefin-alkyl complex, which is found to be a few kcal/mol larger for the diimine-M(II) system compared to the Cp2ZrCH 3 + catalyst. The presence of certain flexible bridging ligands X in the Ti-alkoxide complex, [Y(Ph)X(Ph)Y]TiCH 3 + , which are capable of donating electron density to the cationic metal center at various stages during the reaction makes this barrier a few kcal/mol smaller for the dialkoxide than the Cp2ZrCH 3 + catalyst. It was shown that an increase in the metal-bridge interaction decreases the migratory insertion barrier and, consequently, increases the catalytic activity of these complexes. Although the diimine-M(II) catalysts are less active than zirconocene-based ones, the microstructure of the polymers produced by the former catalyst, which is found to be a function of temperature, ethylene, steric bulkiness of the auxiliary ligands, and transition metal center, makes them attractive for practice. We also have studied the mechanisms of several chain termination/transfer reactions, as well as the role of steric effects in the studied elementary reactions. We have clearly demonstrated tremendous possibilities of the computational chemistry in solving complex problems of the homogenous catalyst, and its high capability of predicting new and more active catalysts for different commercially important processes including olefin polymerization reactions.
Determining track-induced lateral thermal expansion forces on a curved railway track:

This research studies the development of lateral thermal expansion forces on a curved railway track. The geometric alignment of a railway right of way often requires railway tracks to be curved. Th...
Inadvertent arterial puncture involving the subclavian artery and the aorta during central venous catheterization: a case report.

This case report describes a subclavian vein cannulation that inadvertently led to an arterial puncture with the catheter tip radiologically seen at the level of the aorta. This case emphasizes the importance of postprocedural imaging and the disadvantages of not using ultrasound guidance in central venous catheterization. A 24-year-old Caucasian man with diabetes mellitus type 1 presented himself to the emergency department due to abdominal pain accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The patient’s vital signs revealed blood pressure of 84/53 mmHg, heart rate of 103 beats per minute, respiratory rate of 18 breaths per minute, and temperature of 98.2 °F (36.7 °C). On physical examination, he was found to have dry oral mucosa with poor skin turgor, with diagnostics showing that he was in diabetic ketoacidosis after running out of insulin for 2 days. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit to receive a higher level of care. Unfortunately, due to difficulty of peripheral line placement, only a gauge-22 cannula was secured at the left dorsum of the hand. Efforts to replace the current peripheral line were unsuccessful, and a decision to perform a central vein cannulation via the internal jugular vein was made. This was futile as well due to volume depletion, prompting a subsequent right subclavian vein route attempt. The procedure inadvertently punctured the arterial circulation, leading to the catheter tip being visible at the level of the aorta on postprocedure X-ray. The subclavian line was immediately removed with no adverse consequences for the patient. A right femoral line was successfully placed, and continuous management of the diabetic ketoacidosis ensued until normalization of the high anion gap was achieved. Utilization of real-time ultrasound guidance via the subclavian approach could have allowed for direct visualization of needle insertion to the anatomical structures, guidewire location, and directionality, all of which can lead to decreased complications and improved cannulation success compared with the landmark technique. A leftward direction of the catheter seen on postprocedural X-rays should raise high suspicion of inadvertent catheter placement and immediate correction. This complication should have been prevented if ultrasound guidance had been used.
Breast cancer screening in patients with cancers other than breast.

Background Screening mammography can detect early breast cancers and reduce subsequent cancer mortality. However, there is a lack of consensus as to when to discontinue screening. The absence of clear-cut guidelines on when not to screen means that many patients with advanced malignancies continue screening despite unclear benefit.
A Dual Polarized Millimeter Wave Phased-Array Antenna

In this paper a dual polarized beamforming phased array antenna for millimeter wave application has been presented. Aperture coupled antenna is designed with two patches (and two stacked patches or parasitic patches below them) fed by one main line by bifurcating into two parts for these patches. The top patches are bigger compared to stacked patches below them. Under these patches two "I" shape perpendicular slots (of different sizes) has been created in the ground plane for each polarization. One is for horizontal and another for vertical polarization. The designed antenna operates at 28 GHz with peak realized gain around 8.3 dBi over a band of 25 GHz to 29 GHz in vertical polarization and peak gain of 8 dBi for 25.9 to 29 GHz in horizontal polarization. The antenna can be widely operated over the band with isolation between these ports 30 dB.
Mapping of Stratospheric Intrusion and Polar Vortex Breakup Using Ozone from CrIS SFOV Retrievals and Comparison with Model

The Single Field of View (SFOV) retrieval products from CrIS on SNPP have a spatial resolution of ∼ 0.15 by 0.15 degree. Such high resolution observations of the thermodynamic state of atmosphere may provide a very useful dataset to monitor the extreme weather events and strong dynamic transport process. This study compared the SFOV-retrieved temperature and water vapor with ERA5 reanalysis data for one polar vortex breakup case and one stratospheric intrusion event. The results show a good agreement between them in matching the large scale patterns but with some differences in the finer scale features. Comparison of the corresponding SFOV ozone with OMPS measurements demonstrated that the enhancement of ozone can be used to map the air transport. This study suggests that the SFOV sounding products may have a great value to help analyze the mechanism of dynamics, model diagnosis and weather forecasting.
Operation status identification of industrial robots

The author describes a vibration-analysis based diagnostic monitoring system for robot operations. The robot vibration is represented by a stochastic model. The change in robot operation speed is monitored for preventive maintenance. Robot operation state is recognized through cluster analysis. A fuzzy-logic based comprehensive-assessment is applied to improve the reliability of diagnostic decisions. A real-time algorithm is developed for online diagnostic monitoring. Experimental results show the applicability of the technique.
Quaternary logic for carry-lookahead binary addition

The role of the quaternary (four-valued) logic in speeding up the binary addition is discussed. An improved carry-lookahead adder circuit, which is completely realizable by binary gates, is presented. The speed of the proposed n-bit adder is compared to the traditional carry-lookahead n-bit adder in terms of gate delays and fan-in. Results show that the proposed adder is faster in certain ranges determined by n. For an 8-bit adder, the circuit can save 37.5% of the traditional circuit time (in gate delays). >
A multiplex nanoparticle-based bio-barcoded DNA sensor for the simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens

A highly amplified, nanoparticle-based, bio-barcoded electrochemical biosensor for the simultaneous multiple detection of the protective antigen A (pagA) gene (accession number, M22589) of Bacillus anthracis and the insertion element (Iel) gene (accession number, Z83734) of Salmonella enteritidis is reported in this paper. The biosensor system is mainly composed of three nanoparticles: gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), and nanoparticle tracers (NTs, such as PbS and CdS). The AuNPs are coated with the first target-specific DNA probe (1pDNA), which can recognize one end of the target DNA sequence (tDNA), and many NT-terminated bio-barcode ssDNA (bDNA-NT), which act as signal reporter and amplifier. The MNPs are coated with the second target-specific DNA probe (2pDNA) that can recognize the other end of the target gene. After binding the nanoparticles with the target DNA, the following sandwich structure is formed: MNP-2pDNA/tDNA/1pDNA-AuNP-bDNA-NTs. A magnetic field is applied to separate the sandwich structure from the unreacted materials. Because the AuNPs have a large number of nanoparticle tracers per DNA probe binding event, there is substantial amplification. After the nanoparticle tracer is dissolved in 1M nitric acid, the NT(2+) ions are detected by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) on screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) chips. The results show that the detection limit of this multiplex bio-barcoded DNA sensor are 0.5 ng/mL of the insertion element (Iel) gene of S. enteritidis using CdS, and 50 pg/mL of the pagA gene of B. anthracis using PbS NTs. The nanoparticle-based bio-barcoded DNA sensor has potential application in rapid detection of multiple pathogenic agents in the same sample.
Issues in the Management of Dysphagia

Management of patients with dysphagia is a necessary part of our clinical intervention. Some areas of management include implementing dietary changes that the patient will accept and training caretakers to feed dependent patients safely and to provide oral care to dependent patients. The tube-fed patient has special needs in regard to quality of life and is at greater risk for pneumonia, requiring the effective skills of multiple disciplines to effectively manage this patient. The most successful dysphagia programs address these management concerns from a multidisciplinary perspective; the speech-language pathologist cannot function effectively as a sole provider.
Psychophysical scaling of corneal sensitivity

Judgments of corneal sensitivity to pressure are carried out as a function of increased pressure by means of the method of magnitude estimation with a free modulus. The apparatus used is an aesthesiometer consisting of a nylon thread of constant diameter but of variable length. The results suggest that the judgments are governed by a power function with an exponent of 1.01.
A Note on Swinburne and Whitman

Points out that Arthur J. Munby's Victorian diaries "further document . . . Swinburne's early enthusiasm for Whitman" and "suggest Swinburne's homophobia existed at least as early as the late 1860s."
A Dual Approach to Evaluating Research Benefits in the Presence of Trade Distortions

We present a new approach for evaluating the welfare consequences of technical change. A major feature is its ability to incorporate multiple distortions and multiple sources of technical change in interrelated markets. A modified balance-of-trade function provides money measures of welfare change in terms of producer profits, consumer expenditures, and tax revenues. Alternative specifications of technical change are presented to capture the effects of differences in the form of technical change. In an illustrative numerical example, the approach is applied to a case involving two distortions and technical changes in two related markets. The example shows that the approach is reasonably easy to use and that accounting correctly for price distortions can have important implications for research benefit measures.
Prolactin induces Jak2 phosphorylation of RUSHY195.

Abstract Jak2/RUSH-mediated prolactin signaling culminates in RUSH-1α-DNA-binding. Heretofore, Jak2-specific phosphorylation residues in RUSH were unknown. Genpathway’s discovery approaches correlated RUSH-DNA binding (−126/−121) in uteroglobin’s proximal promoter with recruitment of the transcriptional machinery. NetPhos 2.0 server found a single tyrosine phosphorylation site in RUSH’s minimal DNA-binding domain. Y195 had identical context and prediction scores (0.52) for rabbit and human (HLTF) orthologs. The mouse ortholog (Hltf) had a higher prediction score (0.897). Affinity purified RUSHY195ph antibodies recognized native tyrosine phosphorylated RUSH protein immunoprecipitated from nuclear extracts. When R5020-treated HRE-H9 cells ± the Jak2 inhibitor, Tyrene CR4, were stimulated with prolactin, confocal immunofluorescence images provided conclusive evidence that Jak2 mediated the availability of phosphorylated RUSHY195 in nucleus and cytoplasm. Catalytically active Jak2 is ipso facto a RUSH site-specific tyrosine kinase. Immunoprecipitation/Western blotting revealed both phosphorylation at Y195 and the physical interaction between p-Jak2/RUSH/HLTF/Hltf are evolutionarily conserved across three mammalian (rabbit, human, mouse) orthologs.
The Homeodomain Protein Pbx1 Is Involved in cAMP-Dependent Transcription of Human CYP17

Abstract Pbx1 is a homeodomain transcription factor involved in cAMP-dependent transcriptional regulation of the bovine CYP17 gene. In this study, we have investigated the involvement of Pbx1 in the transcriptional regulation of the human CYP17 gene. Although a sequence identical to previously determined Pbx-binding sites is not present in the promoter region of the human CYP17 gene, three putative Pbx-binding sites are identified by sequence similarity analysis. Coexpression of Pbx1 and a catalytic subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) greatly enhances reporter gene transcription via the 5′-flanking region of the human CYP17 gene. Upon gel shift analysis utilizing nuclear extracts from human adrenal H295R cells, one of the three putative Pbx1-binding sites, −250/−241 bp, shows the typical intense doublet observed with other Pbx-binding sites. 5′-Deletion analyses of the reporter construct containing this Pbx-binding site showed approximately sixfold induction by coexpression of Pbx1 and PKA compared to the basal transcription, suggesting that Pbx1 binds the −250/−241 bp sequence and participates in cAMP-dependent regulation of the human CYP17 gene.
A Binary Source Model for Extension-Related Magmatism in the Great Basin, Western North America

Models for extension-related magmatism based on decompression melting of asthenospheric mantle poorly simulate fluxes and bulk compositions of magmas produced during early stages of continental extension. For the Great Basin of western North America, it is proposed that magmatism proceeded in two stages, the first involving melting of lithospheric mantle sources between 40 and approximately 5 million years ago (Ma), followed (since approximately 5 Ma) by melting of upwelling asthenospheric mantle in areas where extension has exceeded about 100 percent. This transition in magma sources is diachronous, depending on initial variations in lithosphere thickness and on rates of lithospheric thinning.
Separation of peptide derivatives by pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography

pH-Zone-refining counter-current chromatography was applied to the preparative separation of oligopeptide derivatives containing up to three amino acids. Both acidic benzyloxycarbonyl peptides and basic peptides-beta-naphthylamide were successfully separated with two-phase solvent systems composed of methyl tert.-butyl ether, 1-butanol, acetonitrile and water using a set of suitable retainer and eluent reagents for each group. The preparative ability of the method was demonstrated in the separation of multigram quantities of analyte with a standard separation column with a total capacity of 325 ml. The effects of important factors such as polarity of the two-phase solvent system, concentrations of the eluent base and the retainer acid were discussed.
Aminoglycoside antibiotics: A-site specific binding to 16S

Abstract The A-site of 16S rRNA, which is a part of the 30S ribosomal subunit involved in prokaryotic translation, is a well known aminoglycoside binding site. Full characterization of the conformational changes undergone at the A-site upon aminoglycoside binding is essential for development of future RNA/drug complexes; however, the massiveness of 16S makes this very difficult. Recently, studies have found that a 27 base RNA construct (16S27) that comprises the A-site subdomain of 16S behaves similarly to the whole A-site domain. ESI-MS, ion mobility and molecular dynamics methods were utilized in this study to analyze the A-site of 16S27 before and after the addition of ribostamycin (R), paromomycin (P) and lividomycin (L). The ESI mass spectrum for 16S27 alone illustrated both single-stranded 16S27 and double-stranded (16S27)2 complexes. Upon aminoglycoside addition, the mass spectra showed that only one aminoglycoside binds to 16S27, while either one or two bind to (16S27)2. Ion mobility measurements and molecular dynamics calculations were utilized in determining the solvent-free structures of the 16S27 and (16S27)2 complexes. These studies found 16S27 in a hairpin conformation while (16S27)2 existed as a cruciform. Only one aminoglycoside binds to the single A-site of the 16S27 hairpin and this attachment compresses the hairpin. Since two A-sites exist for the (16S27)2 cruciform, either one or two aminoglycosides may bind. The aminoglycosides compress the A-sites causing the cruciform with just one aminoglycoside bound to be larger than the cruciform with two bound. Non-specific binding was not observed in any of the aminoglycoside/16S27 complexes.
Experimentally determined stress intensity factors for several contoured double cantilever beam specimens

Abstract Experimental stress intensity coefficients KBW 1 2 /P are found for several contoured double cantilever beam specimens using the Irwin-Kies method. Least squares procedures and the movable strip technique were employed to estimate the derivative of compliance data. The experimental stress intensity coefficients were determined for both plane stress and plane strain states of stress and were compared to the results of Gross and Srawley's boundary value collocation procedure. The results are also discussed with respect to the strength of materials approach used by Ripling, Mostovoy and Crosley.
Petrophysical Rock Typing in Organic-Rich Source Rocks Using Well Logs

A reliable petrophysical rock classification can significantly improve production form organic-rich source rocks, which have been recognized as a major energy resource in the recent years. Complex lithology and rapid vertical variation of petrophysical and compositional properties in these reservoirs result in challenging formation evaluation and production planning. Well logs are good candidates for formation evaluation of shale-gas reservoirs as they provide measurements with a relatively high vertical resolution. However, it has been challenging for the petroleum industry to estimate petrophysical, elastic, and compositional properties and to classify rock types in organic-shale formations using only conventional well-log interpretation techniques. Conventional rock typing techniques are also significantly dependent on core measurements and not reliable in shale-gas reservoirs. In this paper, we introduce a rock typing method based on the estimated petrophysical, compositional, and elastic properties obtained from combined interpretation of well logs and core measurements. We first jointly interpret photoelectric factor, density, neutron porosity, compressionaland shear-wave slowness, and elemental capture spectroscopy logs to estimate depth-by-depth petrophysical and compositional properties of the organic-rich source formation. We then apply the self-consistent approximation model to estimate depth-bydepth elastic properties of the rock using the estimates of petrophysical and compositional properties. Finally, we use the depth-by-depth estimates of porosity, Total Organic Content (TOC), fluid saturations, volumetric concentrations of mineral constituents, and elastic properties to classify rock types in the reservoir using unsupervised artificial neural network. We successfully applied the introduced method in the Haynesville shale-gas formation for rock classification. The estimates of porosity, TOC, bulk modulus, shear modulus, and volumetric concentrations of minerals are in agreement with core measurements. We verified the identified rock types using thin-section images. We also showed that well logs can directly be used for rock classification instead of petrophysical/compositional properties estimated from well logs. Direct application of well logs can reduce uncertainty associated with physical models used for well-log interpretation. Implementing an efficient rock classification technique using well logs can potentially improve production from these reservoirs. Introduction Recent developments in technologies such as horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing, have transformed organicshale formations into economic oil and gas resources. The petrophysical and compositional evaluation in these reservoirs has been equally important for the petroleum industry. In the past decade, the recovery from shale-gas resources has increased from about 2% to approximately 50% (King 2010). However, there still remains a great potential for improving the production from these challenging reservoirs. URTeC 2013 Page 1154
Tanker safety: Regulatory change

There are many regulatory changes being imposed on tanker operators of new and existing ships. This paper provides a brief on the main changes and their practical impact on design and operation i.e. the significant recent and upcoming revisions to IMO MARPOL Annexes I, II and VI, SOLAS and other regulations and the IACS Common Structural Rules.
Measurement of the index of refraction of the plastic Phenoxy PKFE.

The index of refraction, n of Phenoxy PKFE, a light yellow plastic produced by Union Carbide, is measured at λ = 588 nm (nD), λ = 656 nm (nC), and λ = 486 nm (nF). These values are of interest because they must be known to determine the optical characteristics of a Phenoxy PKFE lens over the visible spectrum. Lenses made of Phenoxy PKFE have an important advantage over lenses made of other plastics. Phenoxy PKFE is chemically resistant to many epoxy glues commonly used to form airtight bonds in hermetically sealed chambers.
School-based mindfulness instruction for urban male youth: a small randomized controlled trial.

Abstract Objectives Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has been shown to improve mental health and reduce stress in a variety of adult populations. Here, we explore the effects of a school-based MBSR program for young urban males. Participants and methods In fall 2009, 7th and 8th graders at a small school for low-income urban boys were randomly assigned to 12-session programs of MBSR or health education (Healthy Topics—HT). Data were collected at baseline, post-program, and three-month follow-up on psychological functioning; sleep; and salivary cortisol, a physiologic measure of stress. Results Forty-one (22 MBSR and 19 HT) of the 42 eligible boys participated, of whom 95% were African American, with a mean age of 12.5 years. Following the programs, MBSR boys had less anxiety (p = 0.01), less rumination (p = 0.02), and showed a trend for less negative coping (p = 0.06) than HT boys. Comparing baseline with post-program, cortisol levels increased during the academic terms for HT participants at a trend level (p = 0.07) but remained constant for MBSR participants (p = 0.33). Conclusions In this study, MBSR participants showed less anxiety, improved coping, and a possible attenuation of cortisol response to academic stress, when compared with HT participants. These results suggest that MBSR improves psychological functioning among urban male youth.
Professional Codes: Why, How, and with What Impact?

A tension between the professions' pursuit of autonomy and the public's demand for accountability has led to the development of codes of ethics as both a foundation and guide for professional conduct in the face of morally ambiguous situations. The profession as an institution serves as a normative reference group for individual practitioners and through a code of ethics clarifies, for both its members and outsiders, the norms that ought to govern professional behavior. Three types of codes can be identified — aspirational, educational and regulatory. All codes serve multiple interests and, as a consequence, perform many functions, eight of which are discussed. The process of developing a code of ethics is assessed because of the role it plays in gaining consensus on professional values and ethical norms. After discussing some of the weaknesses in current approaches to professional self-regulation, several new private and public initiatives are proposed.
Echocardiography in stroke and the prescription of new anticoagulation and cardiac medications: A pilot project

Previous research on echocardiography in patients with acute stroke has focused on identifying possible cardioembolic etiologies of the stroke, but physicians might also obtain echocardiography to guide the management of heart disease in stroke patients. The objectives of this study were to determine how frequently echocardiography is used in acute ischemic stroke patients, and to evaluate if receiving echocardiography is associated with new prescriptions for anticoagulant or cardiac medications. This secondary data analysis of a previous cohort study included medical records of acute ischemic stroke patients admitted to 1 of 10 acute-care hospitals in Connecticut from 1996 to 1998. A total of 58 of 119 (49%) acute ischemic stroke patients received echocardiography. Among these 58 patients, 43 (74%) received either a new prescription for anticoagulation or a new cardiac medication prescription (10 of 58 [17%] new anticoagulation only, 22 of 58 [38%] new cardiac medication only, and 11 of 58 [19%] both). New anticoagulant medications were prescribed more often in patients receiving echocardiography (21 of 58; 36%), than in patients not receiving echocardiography (10 of 61; 16%) ( P = .014). In addition, new cardiac medications were prescribed more often in patients receiving echocardiography (34 of 58; 59%), than in patients not receiving echocardiography (24 of 61; 39%) ( P = .035). Echocardiography is commonly obtained in patients with acute stroke, and its use is associated with both the prescription of new anticoagulation and new cardiac medications. Although previous research about the use of echocardiography in acute stroke has focused on its role in identifying stroke etiologies, future research should include an assessment of it use in treating concomitant heart disease.
Theoretical Issues in Clinical Social Group Work.

This article reviews relevant issues in the practice of clinical social group work. The following issues are reviewed: group versus individual treatment, the advantages of group work, rationale for...
Activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells induce p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in trophoblast-like JAR cells.

Abstract Mammalian pregnancy bears many similarities to transplantation, since the fetus is semi-allogenic to mother. Thus, mammals have developed numerous mechanisms to protect the developing fetus from maternal immunologic recognition and attack. We have previously shown that human choriocarcinoma JAR cells, which resemble first trimester trophoblasts, regulate several important mRNAs in activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). We now provide further evidence that communication between maternal and fetal tissues is bi-directional, and that activation of PBMC leads to activation of specific signaling pathways in JAR cells. Activated PBMC were co-cultured with JAR cells for specific time intervals, after which JAR cells were lysed and subjected to western blotting for activated forms of the JNK, Erk 1-2, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). Phosphorylation of Erk 1-2, but not JNK or p38, was induced in co-cultures of PBMC and JAR cells. These results were also obtained when JAR cells were incubated with conditioned medium from activated, but not resting, PBMC. Results were confirmed using specific MAPK reporter constructs, using luciferase activity as a measure of Elk-1 phosphorylation. Erk 1-2 phosphorylation was not required for JAR cells to inhibit IL-2 production in activated PBMC. Addition of the specific MAPK inhibitor UO126 to JAR cells prior to the addition of activated PBMC to the cultures did not abolish the capacity of JAR cells to inhibit IL-2 mRNA expression in PBMC. We conclude that there is likely to be significant bi-directional signaling between leukocytes and trophoblasts at the maternal–fetal interface. We propose the existence of a delicate maternal–fetal immunologic homeostasis based on these experimental results.
Optical and electronic properties of some nely rare earth-doped lead sodium apatites

Abstract Single crystals of the anion-deficient apatite of formula Pb8Na2(PO4)6O2 as well as rare earth-doped compositions of the type Ln x Pb 8−x Na 2 ( PO 4 ) 6 O 2− x 2 O x 2 with Ln = Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er have been grown by the Czochralski technique. All crystallize in the P6 3 m space group of apatite with ch about 7.20 A and ah about 9.73 A. Transmission, excitation, and fluorescence spectra were obtained on many single crystals and are discussed. Anomalous dielectric behavior indicating ionic conduction is also presented. It is further shown that the often quoted “lead orthophosphate of apatite structure, Pb3(PO4)2” is actually not pure lead phosphate but rather a sodium stabilized apatite of the composition Pb 8+x Na 2−x ( PO 4 ) 6 O 2− x 2 O x 2 .
The history, development, and utilization of triticale

Triticale is a man‐made cereal grain. The parental species are wheat and rye. The objectives of this cross were to combine grain quality, productivity, and disease resistance in Triticum (wheat) with the vigor and hardiness in Secale (rye). Many difficulties had to be overcome before successful crosses between wheat and rye could actually be achieved. This review traces the history of this man‐made cereal grain, identifies the past and present centers of triticale breeding research and discusses some of the reasons why triticale generally is not yet comparable in yields to other cereal grains. Environmental and agronomic factors are discussed and how these factors affect yield, kernel characteristics, and disease resistance. The chemical composition of triticale is compared with that of the parental species of the crossbreed. The major importance of triticale lies in its protein. Reported protein values range from 12 to 22%. Triticale seems to be more digestible as evidenced by feeding experiments involvi...
Children's Rights and Community Well-Being

Why would anyone, anywhere, question the importance of protective rights for children? Why would anyone, anywhere, question the profound effect children’s rights have on community well-being? In this column, Dr Keenan describes the history and current status of children’s rights and challenges us to advocate for fuller implementation of those rights based on well-established principles that are based in good public policy and science. Clearly, children do not have the ability to make all the decisions affecting their optimal health and life success. Adults must decide how children are cared for and how we should vest authority and power to ensure that every child’s best possible outcome is achieved. Concerns should exist when policies and governmental structures become repressive and become exploitive. Children everywhere deserve to be treated as valued members in society and, when developmentally possible, participate in making life choices to their own benefit. —Jay E. Berkelhamer, MD, FAAP Editor, Global Health Monthly Feature Pediatricians and other advocates for the well-being of children often frame their efforts and concerns in the context of children’s rights. The following is a brief discussion of the history, status, and relevance of the push for public acknowledgment of children’s rights. Formal acknowledgment of the rights of children can be traced to the assertion of the natural rights of children by Thomas Spence, … Address correspondence to William J. Keenan, MD, Professor of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1465 S Grand Blvd, St Louis, MO 63104. E-mail: keenanwj{at}slu.edu
Prevalence and correlates of eating disorders among Asian Americans: Results from the national Latino and Asian American study

Objective: Our study examines lifetime and 12-month prevalence estimates of eating disorders in Asian American men and women. We also report on the association between social factors and eating disorders, BMI categories, treatment, and impairment. Method: We use data from the National Latino and Asian American Study, a nationally representative survey of the U.S. household population of Latino and Asian Americans. Our present study is based on data from the sample of Asian Americans (N = 2,095). Results: Overall, Asian Americans present with low prevalence for eating disorders. Only lifetime prevalence for binge eating disorder (BED) is significantly higher for Asian women compared to Asian men. Our results show that age is strongly associated with BED and any binge eating. High current BMI of 30–39.9 and ≥40 is strongly associated with BED and any binge eating. Treatment utilization is low, and respondents reported some role impairment. Conclusion: Our findings show that despite low prevalence estimates, eating disorders are present among Asian American men and women. Our data suggest that researchers consider more flexibility in defining and classifying eating disorders, to better detect and measure the prevalence of eating disorders among Asian Americans. Int J Eat Disord 2007 © 2007 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.