cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Semiautomated headspace analysis of drinking waters and industrial waters for purgeable volatile organic compounds

The design and operation of a semiautomated dynamic headspace technique for the determination of purgeable volatile organics are described. All critical analytical functions except the sample introduction step have been automated and are operated under computer control. These include the functions of: purging and sorption, desorption and injection, gas chromatographic analysis and data reduction, and recycling of the purging device and sorbent trap for succeeding analyses. Application of the system to the analysis of drinking waters and industrial waste waters is discussed. Single-laboratory accuracy and precision data and the results of an interlaboratory study on selected halogenated purgeable compounds are presented. The method has been applied to 32 such compounds that are considered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to be hazardous or toxic materials. These include the haloforms; other chlorinated compounds ranging from gases (at room temperature), such as vinyl chloride, to liquids, such as dichlorobenzenes; and nonhalogenated compounds, such as benzene and toluene. Sample collection, shipment, and storage procedures are recommended. Optimized analytical operating conditions are defined for the sample size, the purge time and flow rate, the trap dimensions and sorbent materials, the desorption temperature, time and flow rate, and the gas chromatographic conditions. Flame ionization and halogen-specific (conductivity or microcoulometric titration) detectors are used for qualitative and quantitative determination.
Can an increase in neuropeptide production in the soma lead to DCV circulation in axon terminals with type III en passant boutons

Neuropeptides are synthesized in the neuron soma; they are packaged in dense core vesicles (DCVs) which undergo axonal transport toward nerve terminals. Published experimental results suggest that in terminals with type Ib boutons DCVs circulate in the terminal, undergoing repeated anterograde and retrograde transport, while in type III terminals DCVs do not circulate in the terminal. In this paper we developed a mathematical model that allowed us to investigate the effects of an increased rate of DCV production in the soma. We demonstrated that our model reproduces some important experimental results, in particular those concerning DCV circulation in type Ib and type III terminals. Our model makes testable predictions. Probably the most important prediction concerns the effect of an increased DCV production rate in the soma, which we anticipate leads to increased DCV circulation in type Ib boutons and to the appearance of DCV circulation in type III boutons. Other predictions concern various stages of development of DCV circulation in the terminals after they were depleted of DCVs due to neuropeptide release.
Determination of the Viscosity-Shear Behavior of Polymer Containing Fluids Using a Single Pass, High-Shear Capillary Viscometer

A Penn State, single-pass, capillary high shear viscometer redesigned for use at shear rates up to 10/sup 6/ s/sup -1/ and viscosity levels as low as 2 cp. is described. The capability of handling the effects of temperature, pressure and kinetic energy changes of Newtonian fluids over a wide range of shear rates and viscosities has been demonstrated by using a series of capillaries of different lengths and diameters. The non-Newtonian characteristics of polymer containing fluids can be obtained with good precision by using the calibrated high-shear viscometer to determine the difference in flow behavior between a Newtonian and a non-Newtonian oil with similar temperature, pressure and kinetic energy corrections. This modified viscometer has been demonstrated with a series of viscosity index improved oils using VI improvers typical of current automotive crankcase lubricants. The viscosity shear behavior of these polymer blends was determined over the range of 10/sup 2/ to 10/sup 6/ s/sup -1/ shear rates at 121/sup 0/C (250/sup 0/F) and 149/sup 0/C (300/sup 0/F).
The Subconstituent Algebra of an Association Scheme, (Part I)

We introduce a method for studying commutative association schemes with “many” vanishing intersection numbers and/or Krein parameters, and apply the method to the P- and Q-polynomial schemes. Let Y denote any commutative association scheme, and fix any vertex x of Y. We introduce a non-commutative, associative, semi-simple \Bbb {C}-algebra T e T(x) whose structure reflects the combinatorial structure of Y. We call T the subconstituent algebra of Y with respect to x. Roughly speaking, T is a combinatorial analog of the centralizer algebra of the stabilizer of x in the automorphism group of Y. In general, the structure of T is not determined by the intersection numbers of Y, but these parameters do give some information. Indeed, we find a relation among the generators of T for each vanishing intersection number or Krein parameter. We identify a class of irreducible T-moduIes whose structure is especially simple, and say the members of this class are thin. Expanding on this, we say Y is thin if every irreducible T(y)-module is thin for every vertex y of Y. We compute the possible thin, irreducible T-modules when Y is P- and Q-polynomial. The ones with sufficiently large dimension are indexed by four bounded integer parameters. If Y is assumed to be thin, then “sufficiently large dimension” means “dimension at least four”. We give a combinatorial characterization of the thin P- and Q-polynomial schemes, and supply a number of examples of these objects. For each example, we show which irreducible T-modules actually occur. We close with some conjectures and open problems.
Nondeducibility-Based Analysis of Cyber-Physical Systems

Controlling information flow in a cyber-physical system (CPS) is challenging because cyber domain decisions and actions manifest themselves as visible changes in the physical domain. This paper presents a nondeducibility-based observability analysis for CPSs. In many CPSs, the capacity of a low-level (LL) observer to deduce high-level (HL) actions ranges from limited to none. However, a collaborative set of observers strategically located in a network may be able to deduce all the HL actions. This paper models a distributed power electronics control device network using a simple DC circuit in order to understand the effect of multiple observers in a CPS. The analysis reveals that the number of observers required to deduce all the HL actions in a system increases linearly with the number of configurable units. A simple definition of nondeducibility based on the uniqueness of low-level projections is also presented. This definition is used to show that a system with two security domain levels could be considered “nondeducibility secure” if no unique LL projections exist.
Introduction by the Session Chairman

I should like to thank the Secretary of State, on behalf of the Commission of the European Communities and also on behalf of the participants to the Conference, for his very important message because it indicates to us, technical people, the points of view and the concerns of the political authorities.
New Tamm-Dancoff treatment of the classical nonlinear oscillator

Heisenberg’s new Tamm-Dancoff method is applied to the 1-dimensional classical nonlinear oscillator. The procedure is seen formally to lead to an explicit solution to the initial-value problem, which is expressed in terms of infinite-dimensional matrices. The matrix transformation leading from the initial to the final data is defined by the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the linear-eigenvalue problem. The truncation of the characteristic matrix is seen numerically to lead to a convergent approximation procedure in which the classical secular problem does not arise.
Studies of the Transition Temperature and Normal State Resistivity of Nb3Ge and Nb Films

Correlations between Tc and specific features of the normal state resistance vs temperature curves are discussed for both Nb3Ge and ion damaged Nb films. Of particular interest is the correlation between Tc and ρo in Nb3Ge films.
The teacher in me: Exploring preservice teacher identity through self-portraits

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe a study of identity development in the context of a preservice teacher education program that used a variety of approaches to support development of understanding of cultural diversity. Design/methodology/approach – Fifty preservice teachers in a graduate program in elementary education participated in the study. Of the 50 participants, 47 were Caucasian, two were African American and one was originally from India, but was a US citizen. The analyses were qualitative. A phenomenological approach to data analysis was taken, viewing the drawings and written explanations created by the participants as independently occurring phenomenon (as compared with data that might be considered for grounded theory or constant comparison) (Hycner, 1985; Moustakas, 1994). Findings – Overall, the low number of drawings and writings that included representations of cultural, linguistic, special needs and gender diversity suggests of a lack of understanding about the signific...
Penetration of a bacteriophage into Bacillus subtilis: blockage of infection by deoxyribonuclease

Plaquing of a newly isolated phage of Bacillus subtilis, phage 41c, is only 2% efficient in agar containing 200 mug of deoxyribonuclease per ml. Timed deoxyribonuclease addition experiments showed that phage development is blocked in 90% of the cells if deoxyribonuclease is present during adsorption (zero-time samples), whereas 10 min after adsorption the enzyme has little effect (10-min samples). The fate of (32)P-deoxyribonucleic acid label of phage 41c in zero-time samples was compared to that in 10-min samples. In both, about 80% of the label remained with the phage-bacterium complex on initial centrifugation. However, four successive washings removed 90% of the (32)P from the zero-time samples but only 25% from the 10-min samples. In both samples, most of the washed-out label was of low molecular weight. When the time course of interruption of infection by blending was compared with interruption by deoxyribonuclease treatment, the two processes exhibited similar kinetics. It is postulated that both processes block injection at the same site, namely, the point of contact between phage tail and cell wall surface. Partitioning of (32)P label during protoplasting of zero-time and 10-min samples was similar to that observed during washing. For the protoplasting experiments, a quantitative method for plaquing protoplasts was developed. A single bacillus made of several cells can give rise to several protoplast plaque-forming units. Strain 41c was the only phage of seven tested to be inhibited by deoxyribonuclease. No other deoxyribonuclease-sensitive phages have been described.
What do they really think? Higher education students’ perceptions of using Facebook and Twitter in formal higher education learning

Our mixed methods multiphase research reviewed the pros and cons of implementation of social media in formal higher education learning from students’ perspective. Student-expressed concerns and preferences are shared. On the positive side we found that social media may facilitate a sense of social learning community and significantly more so (p < .001) if students are already familiar with and using the social media tool. Social media also helps shy students get voice in the classroom. Many students had concerns with privacy if Twitter or Facebook were to be used in the classroom. In particular Facebook was seen as a ‘private’ outlet; however, if either of these tools were to be used, Facebook was preferred. Through the students, we also found that our communicative actions – our language and the way we write – are changing as dictated by social media.
Microfabricated THz-regime Waveguides

Summary form only given. Vacuum electronic sources of THz regime (0.1-10 THz) radiation will require advanced methods to precisely fabricate miniature waveguides. We are exploring the design and fabrication of THz-regime waveguides using bulk silicon-based microfabrication, specifically, deep reactive ion etching. Due to the waveguide's dimensions it is advantageous to fabricate it in halves on two separate silicon wafers. Final assembly consists of metallizing the halves and thermocompressively bonding them together. Finding an appropriate diffusion barrier and bonding technique is vital to the success of this design and has recently been our primary focus. Along with the development of THz-regime waveguides, we are exploring a novel coupling technique that consists of a tapered silicon tip, made by wet chemical etching. These silicon tips, fabricated from square silicon rods approximately the size of the waveguide, can be fabricated with a tolerance of less than one micron by monitoring the electrolytic current in the etchant bath and controlling the submersion depth of the silicon rod via robotic controls. In conjunction with the development of the waveguides and couplers, we are also investigating how THz regime radiation interacts with metallic thin films. We are developing computational models to predict effective RF conductivity of metallic thin films at THz frequencies, including the effects of surface roughness scattering at the interfaces. Experimentally, our micro fabricated THz-regime waveguides provide us with an excellent platform for validating the model. By measuring the throughput power for different lengths of waveguide, we can determine the ohmic loss per unit length. This presentation will discuss the latest developments in all of these research efforts namely the fabrication of THz regime waveguides, coupling techniques and our investigation into electron transport in metallic thin films at THz frequencies.
Can light Nambu-Goldstone boson loops counter the "S argument" against technicolor?

We examine the oblique correction phenomenology of one-family technicolor with light pseudo Goldstone bosons. From loop calculations based on a gauged chiral Lagrangian for technicolor we are led to conclude that even though loops with light Goldstone bosons give a negative contribution to {ital S} measured at the {ital Z} pole, this effect is not sufficiently large to unambiguously counter the {open_quote}{open_quote}{ital S} argument{close_quote}{close_quote} against one-family technicolor. This result cannot be guessed {ital a} {ital priori}, but must be explicitly calculated. Our analysis entails an extended version of the {ital STU} oblique parametrization of Peskin and Takeuchi. In principle, this extended formalism ({ital STUVWX}) must be used when there are light new particles in loops. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}
Genetic analysis of pungency and soluble solids in long-storage onions

Pungency and soluble solids are important quality attributes of onion. An eight-parent diallel over two years indicated a preponderance of additive genetic variation for both attributes. Variation among years was significant for pungency but not solids. No reciprocal cross differences were noted for pungency or solids. Generatio means analysis for four crosses over two years had a good fit with a simple additive-dominance model to explain the inheritance of both traits in most cases. Both diallel and generation means analyses demonstrated some dominance for low pungency. Broad sense heritability estimates averaged 0.64 for pungency and 0.83 for soluble solids. Selection was effective for increasing and decreasing pungency in derivatives of five crosses. Pungency and soluble solids were correlated among parental inbreds and hybrids but not within F3's. The additive control and heritability suggest that onion pungency and soluble solids can be effectively and independently selected.
Madurese reflexives with reference to Malay/Indonesian

Abstract A topic of some interest in the literature on Malay and Indonesian and closely related languages is the nature of the expression that denotes reflexivity. With that debate as a backdrop, this paper addresses the question of whether or not Madurese, one of the closely related languages, contains a form that can unambiguously be identified as a reflexive anaphor. Examination of the grammatical properties of the most likely candidate aba’na dibi’ indicates that, unsurprisingly, this form shares many properties with reflexive-like forms in Indonesian and Malay. And like some recent analyses of those Indonesian/Malay forms, I conclude that reflexivity is only one of a number of meanings expressed by the Madurese form and that it is not a true reflexive anaphor.
Ionization Chamber Measurements at 10 600 Feet of the Absorption of the N Component in Carbon and Hydrocarbon

A detector consisting of a lead-shielded ionization chamber with Geiger counters above and below the chamber is described. The charged $N$ component of energy of several tens of Bev is detected.The absorption of the charged $N$ component in carbon is much smaller than that predicted from the absorption in air. This phenomenon may be explained by the fact that $\ensuremath{\pi}$ mesons or other unstable particles which are produced in nuclear interactions can give rise to further nuclear interactions.Approximate values for the interaction mean free path of $N$ rays in carbon have been obtained. These values depend on the number of shielded counters below the ionization chamber which are struck. For zero counters discharged, the mean free path is 136\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}12 g ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ and seems to decrease as the requirement on the number of shielded counters struck is increased. The interaction mean free paths in carbon are compared to previous results in lead.The absorption of the $N$ component in oil indicates a cross section of the hydrogen nucleus much smaller than that corresponding to the range of nuclear forces.Events with large pulses from the ionization chamber or with multiple discharge of shielded counters below the chamber are more likely to be associated with the nucleonic component of extensive air showers.
BLACK DOT TINEA CAPITIS IN A MAN

A 52-year-old healthy man presented with scalp alopecia, which had progressed over a period of several weeks. The patient stated that he was unemployed and lived at home alone without pets. He recalled that a neighbor who routine-ly cut his hair in her home also cut the hair of many local children, some of whom had recently had scalp ringworm. Physical examination revealed a patchy noncicatricial alopecia with numerous short hair stubs (i.e., black dots) in the frontal, parietal, and temporal areas of the scalp (Fig. 1). There was minimal scaling, but no pustulation, kerion forma-tion, or adenopathy. Glabrous skin and nails were normal. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation of a black dot hair showed multiple arthroconidia within the hair shaft, typical of endothrix hair invasion. Fungal culture on Sabouraud's media later revealed growth consistent with Trichophyton tonsurans. In addition, a culture mount showed abundant microconidia of variable size and shape with occasional macroconidia and chlamydospores, characteristic of T. ton-surans (Figs. 2 and 3). The patient was subsequently treated with 500 mg of griseofulvin par day for 2 months. At the completion of therapy, there was healthy regrowth of hair.
Modeling potential time to event data with competing risks

Patients receiving radical prostatectomy are at risk of metastasis or prostate cancer related death, and often need repeated clinical evaluations to determine whether additional adjuvant or salvage therapies are needed. Since the prostate cancer is a slowly progressing disease, and these additional therapies come with significant side effects, it is important for clinical decision making purposes to estimate a patient’s risk of cancer metastasis, in the presence of a competing risk by death, under the hypothetical condition that the patient does not receive any additional therapy. In observational studies, patients may receive additional therapy by choice; the time to metastasis without any therapy is often a potential outcome and not always observed. We study the competing risks model of Fine and Gray (J Am Stat Assoc, 94:496–509, 1999) with adjustment for treatment choice by inverse probability censoring weighting (IPCW). The model can be fit using standard software for partial likelihood with double IPCW weights. The proposed methodology is used in a prostate cancer study to predict the post-prostatectomy cumulative incidence probability of cancer metastasis without additional adjuvant or salvage therapies.
Pretreatment and Fractionation of Corn Stover by Soaking In Ethanol and Aqueous Ammonia

A new process for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, designated the soaking in ethanol and aqueous ammonia (SEAA) process, was developed to improve hemicellulose preservation in solid form. In the SEAA process, an aqueous ammonia solution containing ethanol is used. Corn stover was treated with 15 wt.% ammonia at 1:9 solid-liquid ratio (by weight) at 60 °C for 24 h with ethanol added at 1, 5, 20, and 49 wt.% (balance was water). The extents by which xylan was solubilized with no ethanol and with ethanol added at 1, 5, 20, and 49 wt.% of the total liquid were 17.2%, 16.7%, 14.5%, 10.4%, and 6.3% of the original xylan, respectively. Thus, at the highest ethanol concentration used the loss of hemicellulose to the liquid phase was reduced by 63%. The digestibility of glucan and xylan in the pretreated corn stover samples by cellulase was not affected by ethanol addition of up to 20 wt.%. The enzymatic digestibility of the corn stover treated with 49 wt.% ethanol added was lower than the digestibility of the sample treated with no ethanol addition. Thus, based on these results, 20 wt.% was found to be the optimum ethanol concentration for use in the SEAA process for pretreatment of corn stover.
Transition from a mixed-valent system to a magnetically ordered Kondo lattice in Ce(NiSi ) 2 − x (CuGe ) x

The crossover from mixed-valent to magnetically ordered Kondo or heavy-fermion behavior in Ce(NiSi${)}_{2\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$(CuGe${)}_{\mathit{x}}$ has been studied. Results of Ce ${\mathit{L}}_{3}$-edge, structural, magnetic, and transport measurements are presented. It is suggested that the abnormal increase of the lattice parameter c in the region 1.6\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}2.0 be irrelevant to the Ce 4f-ligand orbital dehybridizations and the associated heavy-fermion state. Our results show that the substitution for Cu (and Ge) for Ni (and Si) drives this series from a strong mixed-valent to an antiferromagnetically ordered trivalent Kondo-lattice system. Particularly, it is found that the physical properties of the x=1.4 compound are very similar to that of the heavy-fermion superconductor ${\mathrm{CeCu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$. The resistivity data also indicate that there is an active interplay between the crystalline electric field, coherence effects, and Kondo scattering. Moreover, this study supports the proposal that the Kondo-type spin fluctuation can be effectively quenched by the internal 3d-host magnetic field in some ${\mathrm{CeMn}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$-based materials. Magnetic susceptibility data show that this compound series is antiferromagnetically ordered for xg1.6 and the spin-fluctuation temperature ${\mathit{T}}_{\mathrm{sf}}$ decreases with increasing x in this region. A phase diagram is proposed to illustrate the evolution of the series from a single-impurity Kondo to a coherent Kondo and then to an antiferromagnetically ordered system.
DFT Implementationis for Striking the Right Balance between Test Cost and Test Quality for Automotive SOCs

Automotive electronics today is characterased by two requirements. One is the well-known aspect of reliability of the components used to build the system. The other is the increasing need for commoditisation of these systems. These requirements pose the dual challenges of meeting very strict quality goals, while at the same time also adhering to affordable cost goals. Devices designed for one end application often find use in others. Consequently, it is important that these devices be designed and tested in a scaleable manner, wherein the high quality and low cost goals are simultaneously met. In this paper, a case study is presented on a set of recently designed automotive chips at Texas Instruments (India). Illustrations of different techniques are given, together with supporting data. These techniques are generic enough to be adopted and further improvised to enhance test cost and test quality optimisations in a larger class of SOCs as well.
Matrix metalloproteinases in the progression and regression of Kaposi's sarcoma.

BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are associated with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) tumorigenesis. To date, only a few MMPs have been studied in KS lesions. Their role in KS regression has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of multiple MMPs in developing and pharmacologically regressed KS lesions. METHODS Nine samples of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related and classic cutaneous KS lesions at various histological stages were studied. Regressing KS lesions from three patients treated with systemic therapy were procured after one and two cycles of chemotherapy. Tissue sections from all specimens were immunostained using monoclonal antibodies to MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-13, and MMP-14. RESULTS KS lesional cells were immunoreactive for all MMPs, except MMP-14. Admixed inflammatory cells were immunoreactive for MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, and MMP-13. The MMP immunoprofile in residual KS lesional cells was unaltered in regressed lesions. Increased extracellular matrix (ECM) and macrophage immunoreactivity for MMPs was identified in regressed specimens. CONCLUSIONS These data show that developing KS lesional cells express collagenases (MMP-1, MMP-13), gelatinases (MMP-2, MMP-9), stromelysin-1 (MMP-3), and matrilysin (MMP-7) but not the membrane-type MMP-14. This MMP expression profile is retained by residual KS cells and also expressed by infiltrating macrophages in regressed KS lesions. Pantanowitz L, Dezube BJ, Hernandez-Barrantes S, Tahan SR, Dabbous MK. Matrix metalloproteinases in the progression and regression of Kaposi's sarcoma.
"When I Can Read My Title Clear": Harriet Beecher Stowe and the Stowe v. Thomas Copyright Infringement Case

In 1853, Harriet Beecher Stowe filed a copyright suit against F. W. Thomas, a Philadelphia printer who had published an unauthorized German translation of Uncle Tom's Cabin in his newspaper, Die Freie Presse. Stowe brought suit in the federal circuit court in Philadelphia, thus ironically placing her claim in the hands of Justice Robert Grier, a notable enforcer of slaver-owners' interests under the Fugitive Slave Law. Grier found that Stowe's property rights in her novelistic plea for resistance to the Fugitive Slave Law were very narrow and that she could not prevent Thomas from publishing a translation without her authorization. In the conclusion to the court's opinion, Grier wrote,
Parthenogenesis in Medium White Turkeys Selected for Low and High Semen Ejaculate Volumes

Abstract The incidence of parthenogenesis in two lines of Medium White turkeys subjected to bidirectional selection for semen ejaculate volume was examined during the ninth and tenth generations. A significant increase in the incidence of parthenogenesis was observed in both generations of the line selected for low semen volume. The study suggests that selection for low semen volume may result in the stimulation of parthenogenesis as a means of genome survival.
Acquired immune‐mediated myasthenia gravis in a cat

Acquired myasthenia gravis was diagnosed in a four-year-old castrated male Somali in which the presenting signs consisted of progressive lameness, weakness, generalised muscle tremors, an inability to blink and voice loss. Clinical testing with edrophonium chloride, electrophysiology, immunocytochemistry and serum immunological techniques confirmed the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis and proved its immune-mediated nature. Clinical remission was achieved following long term immunosuppression with corticosteroids.
The Unusual Galaxy J2310–43: An Active Nucleus Without Optical Emission Lines and Without a Substantial Optical Continuum

X-ray, optical, and radio observations show the galaxy J2310-43 (Einstein Observatory Source Catalog number 4689, z = 0.0886) to be a very unusual object. Our analysis of ROSAT PSPC data for 2310-43 (23h10m417, -43°47'38'', J2000) indicates that the X-ray emission is extended spatially out to ~35. Spectral analysis of the PSPC data finds that a simple power-law model with line-of-sight Galactic absorption can fit the observed PSPC energy distribution, as can two-component Raymond-Smith models, and composite power-law and Raymond-Smith models. Analysis of CCD optical images indicates that 2310-43 is located within a cluster that is probably Abell richness class 0, and a search of the NASA Extragalactic Database finds a 5 GHz radio source of 62 mJy associated with 2310-43. While the data support a variety of interpretations, we note that 2310-43 differs significantly from clusters and groups of galaxies as well as from normal elliptical galaxies. We can interpret ~20% of the observed X-ray emission as an extended component emitting ~3.4 × 1043 ergs s-1 (0.1-2.4 keV), associated with the cluster around 2310-43. The bulk of the X-ray emission, corresponding to ~1.45 × 1044 ergs s-1, can then be associated with a nuclear point source consistent with the PSPC spatial and spectral data. However, the (B - V) color of 2310-43 is typical of a normal elliptical galaxy, making a BL Lac interpretation questionable, and the absence of emission lines in the optical spectrum rules out a standard quasar/Seyfert identification for the source. Our data show that 2310-43 is most similar to the optically dull, X-ray, and radio-loud galaxy 3C 264 (first characterized as "optically dull" by Elvis et al.). The location of these two objects in the αro - αox, color-color diagram is at the extreme for BL Lac objects, implying a substantial deficiency in the optical continuum emission. We assume that the nuclear emissions from 2310-43 and 3C 264 are primarily nonthermal radiation, possibly associated with a nuclear jet. Then, we examine our observations in the context of several current models with the goal of understanding how a process (such as jet-disk symbiosis) can result in depressed optical continuum compared to most active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and BL Lac objects. We also discuss future observations (some already underway) that can shed additional light on these unusual sources.
Effects of intestinal stasis on intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression in the rat: Role of enteric bacteria

Abstract BACKGROUND & AIMS: The mechanisms underlying the inflammatory changes associated with intestinal stasis are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to assess whether endothelial expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and leukocyte recruitment are altered after intestinal stasis. METHODS: ICAM-1 expression and granulocyte recruitment were quantified in different tissues of Sprague- Dawley rats using the double-radiolabeled monoclonal antibody technique and peroxidase activity, respectively. RESULTS: Both constitutive and endotoxin-induced ICAM-1 expression were significantly higher in the cecum than in distal colon, a finding that cannot be explained by a difference in endothelial surface area between the two organs. Surgical procedures to improve cecal stool flow (cecostomy, ileocecostomy) elicited a significant decrease in constitutive ICAM-1 expression in both cecum and distal colon. Tissue peroxidase activity was normally higher in cecum than in distal colon, and this difference was significantly reduced by ileocecostomy. Oral administration of antibiotics (kanamycin and/or metronidazole for 2 days) significantly reduced constitutive ICAM-1 expression in the cecum, but not in the distal colon. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that intestinal stasis is associated with an increased expression of ICAM-1 and granulocyte infiltration, which may be mediated by enteric bacteria. (Gastroenterology 1997 Jun;112(6):1971-8)
A cartographic fade to black: mapping the destruction of urban Japan during World War II

Abstract In this paper we examine the history, production, and use – practical and rhetorical – of maps created by the United States government during World War II as related to the development and execution of aerial bombing policies against Japan. Drawing from a range of maps and primary documents culled from libraries and archives in the United States, we argue that maps provide an important, and hitherto neglected, means through which to trace the exploration and eventual embrace of the incendiary bombing of Japan’s cities. In particular, our aim is to show how maps, along with the men who made and used them, played a central role in the planning and prosecution of air raids on urban Japan. We also address the mobilization of American geographers into the war effort, the re-configuration of America’s spatial intelligence community during World War II, and the ways in which maps were constructed in the context of total war.
The molecular weight of sulfonic acid ring-substituted polyaniline by laser light scattering

Abstract The weight average molecular weight ( M w ) of the sodium salt of as-synthesized sulfonic acid ring-substituted polyaniline (SPAN) was determined by light scattering measurements. The water solution of SPAN was first reduced with hydrazine to render the solution almost colorless. The M w of the reduced SPAN sodium salt was found to be 11 000. It is concluded that the lower limit of the number of ring-nitrogen units per polymer chain is 39 in the as-synthesized SPAN.
CHRONIC THALLIUM POISONING: RAPID DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT.

Summary A case of thallotoxicosis in a 3-year-old, white male is reported. A rapid laboratory test for thallium is described which has not previously been published in the pediatric literature. A rational plan of therapy is suggested which consists of cystine, methionine, and potassium chloride. Dithisone, though potentially hazardous, may also be used.
740-3 Differential Impact of Pacing Mode on Long-term Survival In Patients with Conduction System Disease

Advantages of dual chamber (DC) pacing compared to single chamber (SC) pacing have been recognized. However, the differential impact of pacing mode on long-term survival with respect to conduction abnormalities is not well established. We analyzed survival outcome in 631 pts who received permanent pacemaker for conduction system disease from 1980 to 1985. There were 245 pts (39%) with sick sinus syndrome (SSS), 386 pts (61%) with atrial ventricular block IAVB). Mean age was 78 ± 6 years; mean follow up was 5.2 ± 3.2 years. Observed survivals according to pacing mode and types of conduction system disease are summarized below (Kaplan-Meier method). Conduction system disease Pacing Mode (n) Probability of Survival (%) Log rank P 1 yr 3 yr 5 yr SSS Dual (83) 89 73 59 0.6458 Single (162) 89 73 60 AVB Dual (123) 90 83 72 0.0005 Single (263) 85 69 53 Cox multivariate analysis identified several independent risk factors for increased mortality including age, CHF, MI, diabetes mellitus, renal failure, and cancer. Conclusions 1. Based on mode of pacing, long-term survivals were not significantly different between DC and SC pacing in pts with SSS. 2. In pts with AVB, DC pacing is associated with improved survival. 3. These observations do not support the notion that SC pacing increases mortality in pts with SSS.
Effects of Fe on the oxidation/internal nitridation behavior and tensile properties of Cr and oxide dispersion ductilized Cr

Abstract The addition of Fe to Cr and to oxide dispersion ductilized Cr alloys modified, but did not eliminate subscale internal nitridation on oxidation in air. The addition of 45 wt.% Fe increased the room-temperature tensile yield strength of Cr–6MgO from ∼225 MPa to ∼650 MPa, while still exhibiting 1–1.5% tensile elongation.
Non-stoichiometric sulfhydryl loss with vitamin K5

Abstract A water soluble form of vitamin K, 4-amino-2-methyl-1-naphthol·HCl (designated K5), has been shown to diminish the number of titratable sulfhydryl groups of solutions of cysteine and glutathione ( Kitamikado and Mori, 1954 ) and suspension of bacteria ( Kitamikado, 1956 and Rasulpuri et al. , 1965 ). These workers have suggested that an attack of vitamin K5 upon vital and biologically significant sulfhydryl compounds may account for the bactericidal effects upon a large number of microorganisms. Rasulpuri et al. , (1965) demonstrated the loss of SH groups of purified alcohol dehydrogenase when treated with vitamin K5 but did not relate this to enzymatic activity. This communication presents evidence for the loss of sulfhydryl groups in the presence of vitamin K5, but only if O2 is available, and a complete lack of stoichiometry between K5 and the sulfhydryl group loss.
Solution of optimal control problems with time-delay

A method for finding the optimal control of a linear time varying delay system with quadratic performance index is discussed. The properties of the hybrid functions which consists of block-pulse functions plus Taylor series are presented. The operational matrices of integration, delay and product are utilized to reduce the solution of optimal control to the solution of algebraic equations. An illustrative example is included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the technique.
ERRATUM: “WARM-DENSE MOLECULAR GAS IN THE ISM OF STARBURSTS, LIRGs, AND ULIRGs” (2005, ApJ, 630, 269)

Many of the coordinates in the original paper have been recorded wrongly from the original submission to the final printed version. The coordinates for all sources were taken from the IRAS Revised Bright Galaxy Survey (Sanders et al. 2003). As such, the Sanders et al. catalog should be referred to for the coordinates used in this study.
The application of multivariate analysis for interpretation of the chemical and physical analysis of lake sediments

Abstract Over the past several years there has been an increasing use of the pattern recognition techniques to aid in the interpretation of large data sets. The techniques employed have generally been forms of cluster analysis. Factor analysis is a branch of multivariate analysis that has had little previous application in aiding the understanding of data sets describing natural systems. The combination of these two techniques provides a powerful tool in manipulating the data into an intelligible form. The basic principles of these statistical methods are given and their application to a set of physical and chemical analyses data of the sediments of a small lake ecosystem, Chautauqua Lake, New York, are presented.
Demography of northern elephant seals, 1911-1982.

Northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) were hunted to near extinction in the 19th century. Protection has allowed them to recolonize former habitat on islands off California, where the population is increasing more than 14 percent per year. Immigration of young pregnant females from Baja California initiated the California rookeries but is responsible for only a small part of recent population growth. Almost 25,000 northern elephant seal pups were born in the species' range in Mexico and the United States in 1982 in comparison with only six known births in 1911 .
Inoculation of scrapie with the self-assembling RADA-peptide disrupts prion accumulation and extends hamster survival.

Intracerebral inoculation of 263K Scrapie brain homogenate (PrPsc) with a self-assembling RADA-peptide (RADA) significantly delayed disease onset and increased hamster survival. Time of survival was dependent on the dose of RADA and pre-incubation with PrPsc prior to inoculation. RADA treatment resulted in the absence of detectable PrPsc at 40 d followed by an increased rate of PrPsc accumulation at 75 d up to sacrifice. In all PrPsc inoculated animals, clinical symptoms were observed ∼10 d prior to sacrifice and brains showed spongiform degeneration with Congo red positive plaques. A time-dependent increase in reactive gliosis was observed in both groups with more GFAP detected in RADA treated animals at all time points. The PrP protein showed dose-dependent binding to RADA and this binding was competitively inhibited by Congo Red. We conclude that RADA disrupts the efficacy of prion transmission by altering the rate of PrPsc accumulation. This is the first demonstration that a self-assembling biomolecular peptide can interact with PrPsc, disrupt the course of Scrapie disease process, and extend survival.
Importance of bimolecular interactions in developing empirical potential functions for liquid ammonia

A four-site intermolecular potential function for NH 3 has been developed and tested in Monte Carlo statistical mechanics simulations of the liquid at its boiling point (-33.35 o C) and 1 atm. The potential yields good thermodynamic results for liquid ammonia, while the structures of the liquid are characterized through radial distribution functions and hydrogen-bonding analyses. The results indicate that each ammonia forms on average three hydrogen bonds and the liquid contains winding chains of hydrogen bonded monomers. Roughly linear hydrogen bonds predominates in the liquid. The results were also compared with those obtained using the five-site model developed by Ferrario et al
The Michigan State University Superconducting Cyclotron Program

Status of the superconducting cyclotron program is reviewed as of September 1978. A number of design details have changed since the previous conference. Novel features have been checked in a variety of prototype test facilities.
Pulmonary Blood Volume and Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume in Valvular Heart Disease

Measurements of pulmonary blood volume (PBV) and pulmonary capillary blood volume (Vc) and hemodynamic studies were made in a series of 106 patients with valvular heart disease (62 with predominant mitral lesions and 44 with predominant aortic lesions). The results were compared with the data obtained from 14 "normal" patients and nine normal subjects. In 14 "normal" patients, the PBV varied from 204 to 315 ml/m2 with a mean value of 269 ml/m2, while in nine "normal" patients and nine normal subjects the Vc ranged from 39 to 66 ml/m2 with a mean value of 54 ml/m2.
Performance characteristics of a visual-search human-model observer with sparse PET image data

As predictors of human performance in detection-localization tasks, statistical model observers can have problems with tasks that are primarily limited by target contrast or structural noise. Model observers with a visual-search (VS) framework may provide a more reliable alternative. This framework provides for an initial holistic search that identifies suspicious locations for analysis by a statistical observer. A basic VS observer for emission tomography focuses on hot "blobs" in an image and uses a channelized nonprewhitening (CNPW) observer for analysis. In [1], we investigated this model for a contrast-limited task with SPECT images; herein, a statisticalnoise limited task involving PET images is considered. An LROC study used 2D image slices with liver, lung and soft-tissue tumors. Human and model observers read the images in coronal, sagittal and transverse display formats. The study thus measured the detectability of tumors in a given organ as a function of display format. The model observers were applied under several task variants that tested their response to structural noise both at the organ boundaries alone and over the organs as a whole. As measured by correlation with the human data, the VS observer outperformed the CNPW scanning observer.
Immunohistochemical localization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the fetal and early postnatal mouse brain.

The objectives were to (a) determine the age in development when GnRH is first detectable in the brain and (b) observe the distribution of GnRH throughout the fetal and early postnatal period. GnRH was localized immunohistochemically in fetal (15, 16, 17 and 19 days of gestation) and early postnatal (1- and 7-day-old) mice with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method of Sternberger. In the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT) and in the median eminence of the fetus, GnRH was first detected at 17 days of gestation. In the OVLT, GnRH was found ventral to the preoptic recess of the third ventricle near the ventral surface of the brain. In addition, GnRH was located adjacent to the superficial portal capillaries near the surface of the median eminence. At 19 days of gestation, the distribution of GnRH was similar to that observed at 17 days and there was a marked increase in amount. In the newborn mouse, GnRH was undetectable in the OVLT and its content in the median eminence was decreased as compared to that observed in the fetus. By the seventh postnatal day, a considerable accumulation of GnRH had occurred in the OVLT and median eminence. In the OVLT, it was associated with capillaries ventral to the preoptic recess, and its distribution in the median eminence was similar to that in the adult mouse. In both the OVLT and median eminence of the fetal and early postnatal mouse GnRH appeared to be stored in axons and axon endings, but was not detectable in nerve cell bodies or ependymal cells. These observations suggest that the potential for neuroendocrine control of gonadotropin secretion exists in the fetal mouse as early as 17 days of gestation.
The effect of FeO grain size and cavities on the oxidation of Fe

Abstract The oxidation of coarse-grained and fine-grained Fe was studied at 640–805°C in 1 atm O 2 for 0.1–18 h. The FeOFe 3 O 4 Fe 2 O 3 oxide scale that formed on annealed or cold-worked, fine-grained Ferrovac Fe was uniform, adherent, and thickened with normal parabolic kinetics. Coarsegrained Battelle Fe behaved similarly when cold-worked, but when annealed it oxidized more slowly and formed non-uniform, less adherent scales. On annealed Ferrovac, cold-worked Ferrovac and cold-worked Battelle Fe, dislocations and grain boundaries suppress cavity nucleation by providing sinks for the cation vacancies arriving at the metal surface. For annealed Battelle Fe, however, some orientations develop large areas of monocrystalline FeO, separated from the metal by a narrow gap. This gap forms either because vacancy sinks are too few on these orientations to prevent cavity formation or because, in the absence of FeO grain boundaries to facilitate hot deformation, the scale cannot maintain contact with the retreating metal surface. The separation between the monocrystalline FeO and the metal is the principal reason for the slower oxidation of annealed coarse-grained Fe.
The presence of the Rb c-box peptide in the cytoplasm inhibits p210bcr-abl transforming function.

In order to test if the carboxyl terminal polypeptide of the Retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor protein, could be used to suppress the growth factor-independent growth phenotype of p210bcr-abl positive myeloid cells, we introduced a truncated form of the 3′ end of the Rb cDNA encoding its last 173 amino acid residues (Rb C-box) which localize into the cytoplasm where the p210bcr-abl transforming protein is found, into myeloid cells (32D) which depends on the p210bcr-abl protein for IL3 growth factor-independent growth (32D-p210). The expression of the plasmid vectors carrying the Rb C-box cDNAs was shown to inhibit the abl tyrosine specific protein kinase activity of the p210bcr-abl oncoprotein and to suppress the IL3-independent growth phenotype of the 32D-p210 cells. The Rb C-box polypeptides did not suppress the growth of the untransfected 32D parental cell line in methylcellulose in the presence of IL3-conditioned medium. These results suggest that the cytoplasmic localization of the p210bcr-abl allows it to escape the effect of intranuclear proteins such as Rb which negatively regulate the p145c-abl kinase.