cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effect of Increased Fibrinogen Concentration on the Lysis of In Vivo Thrombi

The dissolution of clots formed at normal fibrinogen levels and in hyperfibrinogenemia was studied in 10 dogs receiving a standard course of fibrinolytic treatment. A significantly increased resistance of clots formed at high fibrinogen levels to fibrinolytic therapy was found.
Within limits: Technical communication and civic engagement

This article addresses incorporating civic engagement in the engineering communication classroom. It reflects upon a proposal project that asks students to address an environmental issue in the local community, and it addresses the successes and challenges of the assignment.
Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of N-alkyl-3-hydroxy-3-(2-imino-3-methyl-5-oxoimidazolidin-4-yl)indolin-2-one analogs as potential anticancer agents.

Abstract A series of novel 3-hydroxy-3-(2-imino-3-methyl-5-oxoimidazolidin-4-yl)indolin-2-one analogs ( 3 ) have been synthesized under microwave irradiation and conventional heating methods. These analogs were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against a panel of 57 human tumor cell lines. Compound 3o had GI 50 values of 190 nM and 750 nM against A549/ATTC non-small cell lung cancer and LOX IMVI melanoma cell lines, respectively, and both 3n and 3o exhibited GI 50 values ranging from 2 to 5 μM against CCRF-CEM, HL-60(TB), K-562, MOLT-4, and RPMI-8226 leukemia cell lines. These results indicate that N -4-methoxybenzyl-3-hydroxy-(2-imino-3-methyl-5-oxo-4-yl)indolin-2-one analogs may be useful leads for anticancer drug development.
Sciatic nerve injuries associated with traumatic posterior hip dislocations

This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that patients transferred between hospitals with a dislocated hip have a greater incidence of sciatic nerve injury than patients who have their hip reduced at the first facility. One hundred six dislocated hips were included in this 12-year retrospective study. Sixty-nine hips were relocated at the first hospital and 36 patients were transferred with the hip still dislocated to LDS Hospital. There was a higher incidence of major sciatic nerve injury (complete sciatic or peroneal motor deficit) in patients transferred with the hip still dislocated (P = .0453). Time to relocation was significantly longer in patients with major motor nerve injury (P = .016). The presence of an associated fracture had no influence on sciatic nerve injury rates. The length of time a hip remains dislocated influences the incidence and severity of major sciatic nerve injury.
Acetalated dextran is a chemically and biologically tunable material for particulate immunotherapy

Materials that combine facile synthesis, simple tuning of degradation rate, processability, and biocompatibility are in high demand for use in biomedical applications. We report on acetalated dextran, a biocompatible material that can be formed into microparticles with degradation rates that are tunable over 2 orders of magnitude depending on the degree and type of acetal modification. Varying the degradation rate produces particles that perform better than poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and iron oxide, two commonly studied materials used for particulate immunotherapy, in major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) and MHC II presentation assays. Modulating the material properties leads to antigen presentation on MHC I via pathways that are dependent or independent of the transporter associated with antigen processing. To the best of our knowledge, this is the only example of a material that can be tuned to operate on different immunological pathways while maximizing immunological presentation.
Monoclonal antibodies (G1.4, D7.5) induce secretion of lytic factors from natural killer and T lymphocytes.

Monoclonal antibodies were made by standard procedures using mononuclear cells isolated from hamster lung tissue to immunize the mice. The Moabs (Gi .4, D7.5), secreted by the selected hybridomas, were isotyped as lgG2�, Kappa and were lytic in the presence of complement for 20% lymphocytes from lymph nodes or lung tissue; 40-50% of lymphocytes from spleen or bone marrow; and 70-80% of thymocytes or nylon wool nonadherent lung or lymph node lymphocytes. Functional studies showed that prior incubation of either Moab with enriched natural killer (NK) and T lymphocyte subpopulations did not interfere with effector:target conjugate formation but did block the ability of the effector cells to lyse NK-sensitive targets. We conclude that the Moabs bind to a molecule(s) on NK and T lymphocytes. Further, the preincubation medium acquired the capacity to lyse preferentially NK-sensitive targets but not NK-insensitive targets. Interestingly, the Moabs were able to induce secretion of lytic factors from thymocytes and to induce resting peripheral T lymphocytes to acquire NK activity and release lytic factors. The ability of the Moab to signal release of lytic factors was retained even when monovalent Fab fragments were used; therefore, the Moabs initiate secretion by mechanisms that do not apparently involve crosslinking or Fc receptor interaction. Gi .4 and D7.5 Moabs were functionally and antigenically crossreactive with human, rat, and hamster lymphocytes but not with mouse lymphocytes. Biochemical and immunochemical analysis showed that the Gi .4 and D7.5 antigen on thymus cells and lung mononuclear cells has an apparent molecular weight of 27 kD. Although it is unlikely that there is an universal mechanism for secretion used by cells in general, it is interesting that Moab treatment of three different subpopulation of lymphocytes induced secretion of lytic factors and suggests that under physiologic conditions a common molecule might participate in induction of the secretion pathway. These studies lead to the hypotheses that i) NK and T lymphocytes share a cell surface molecule that participates in signals that initiate secretion and that 2) the expression of the Gi .4, D7.5 antigens precedes thymic differentiation.
Depositional and tectonic setting of the Archean Moodies Group, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa

The 3.22-3.10 Ga old Moodies Group, uppermost unit of the Swaziland Supergroup in the Barberton Greenstone Belt (BGB), is the oldest exposed, well-preserved quartz-rich sedimentary sequence on earth. It is preserved in structurally separate blocks in a heavily deformed fold-and-thrust belt. North of the Inyoka Fault, Moodies strata reach up to 3700 m in thickness. Detailed mapping, correlation of measured sections, and systematic analysis of paleocurrents show that the lower Moodies Group north of the Inyoka Fault forms a deepening- and fining-upward sequence from a basal alluvial conglomerate through braided fluvial, tidal, and deltaic sandstones to offshore sandy shelf deposits. The basal conglomerate and overlying fluvial facies were derived from the north and include abundant detritus eroded from underlying Fig Tree Group dacitic volcanic rocks. Shoreline-parallel transport and extensive reworking dominate overlying deltaic, tidal, and marine facies. The lithologies and arrangement of Moodies Group facies, sandstone petrology, the unconformable relationship between Moodies strata and older deformed rocks, presence of at least one syndepositional normal fault, and presence of basaltic flow rocks and airfall fall tuffs interbedded with the terrestrial strata collectively suggest that the lower Moodies Group was deposited in one or more intramontane basins in an extensional setting. Thinner Moodies sections south of the Inyoka Fault, generally less than 1000 m thick, may be correlative with the basal Moodies Group north of the Inyoka Fault and were probably deposited in separate basins. A northerly derived, southward-thinning fan-delta conglomerate in the upper part of the Moodies Group in the central BGB overlies lower strata with an angular unconformity. This and associated upper Moodies conglomerates mark the beginning of basin shortening by south- to southeast-directed thrust faulting along the northern margin of the BGB and suggest that the upper Moodies Group was deposited in a foreland basin. Timing, orientation, and style of shortening suggest that this deformation eventually incorporated most of the BGB into a major fold-and-thrust belt.
A collaborative regional ocular anesthesia training program: successes and failures.

Abstract Study Objective: To describe a collaborative effort of the departments of ophthalmology and anesthesiology to teach anesthesiology residents regional ocular anesthesia; to detect any differences in positive or negative outcomes after blocks performed by anesthesiology residents versus blocks performed by ophthalmology residents. Design: Prospective descriptive, study. Setting: Outpatient surgery in a university-affiliated veterans affairs hospital. Patients: 614 patients requiring elective ocular surgery. Interventions: Outcomes from patients who underwent regional anesthesia performed by ophthalmology residents were compared to outcomes from patients who received anesthesia from anesthesiology residents. Measurements and Main Results: A detailed description of the collaborative teaching program in ocular anesthesia is presented. Ophthalmology residents performed the majority of regional ocular blocks (87% vs. 13%). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of negative outcomes, such as retrobulbar hemorrhage, between ophthalmology residents and anesthesiology residents (3/534 vs. 1/80) or in the incidence of successful blocks (90% for ophthalmology residents vs. 88% for anesthesiology residents). Conclusions: Regional ocular anesthetic techniques can be safely and successfully taught to residents in anesthesiology.
Insights from one-dimensional linearized pierce theory about wideband traveling-wave tubes with high space charge

One-dimensional (1-D) linearized Pierce theory is examined for high space charge wideband traveling-wave tubes (TWTs). The more exact quartic equation is shown to provide reasonable predictions for the frequency-dependent small signal gain function, provided one has an accurate knowledge of the cold circuit phase velocity and space-charge reduction factor. Accurate knowledge of these parameters is particularly critical for predicting the high-frequency end of the positive gain region. The common simplified cubic equation is shown to underestimate the gain. On the other hand, quantitative comparisons show that the cubic solution remains acceptably accurate for first-trial design procedures where it offers advantages of scaling insights and incorporation into closed-form "optimized design" expressions. Guidelines are provided for approximating the growing wave's wavenumber in calculating the space-charge reduction factor. These guidelines are needed for all 1-D TWT models and simulations. Calculations illustrate that positive gain always involves the beam velocity exceeding the "hot" phase velocity of the wave.
Les Demoiselles d'Evanston: on the aesthetics of the Wigmore chart

Wigmore's ‘The Problem of Proof’, published in 1913, was a path-breaking attempt to systematize the process of drawing inferences from trial evidence. In this paper, written for a conference on visual approaches to evidence, I look at the Wigmore article in relation to cubist art, which coincidentally made its American debut in New York and Chicago the same spring that the article appeared. The point of the paper is to encourage greater attention to the complex meanings embedded in visual diagrams, meanings overlooked by the prevailing cognitive scientific approaches to the Wigmore method.
Maternally-derived zinc transporters ZIP6 and ZIP10 drive the mammalian oocyte-to-egg transition

Rapid cellular zinc influx regulates early mammalian development during the oocyte-to-egg transition through modulation of the meiotic cell cycle. Despite the physiological necessity of this zinc influx, the molecular mechanisms that govern such accumulation are unknown. Here we show that the fully grown mammalian oocyte does not employ a transcriptionally based mechanism of zinc regulation involving metal response element-binding transcription factor-1 (MTF-1), as demonstrated by a lack of MTF-1 responsiveness to environmental zinc manipulation. Instead, the mammalian oocyte controls zinc uptake through two maternally derived and cortically distributed zinc transporters, ZIP6 and ZIP10. Targeted disruption of these transporters using several approaches during meiotic maturation perturbs the intracellular zinc quota and results in a cell cycle arrest at a telophase I-like state. This arrest phenocopies established models of zinc insufficiency during the oocyte-to-egg transition, indicating the essential function of these maternally expressed transporters. Labile zinc localizes to punctate cytoplasmic structures in the human oocyte, and ZIP6 and ZIP10 are enriched in the cortex. Altogether, we demonstrate a mechanism of metal regulation required for female gamete development that may be evolutionarily conserved.
Acid-catalyzed algal biomass pretreatment for integrated lipid and carbohydrate-based biofuels production

One of the major challenges associated with algal biofuels production in a biorefinery-type setting is improving biomass utilization in its entirety, increasing the process energetic yields and providing economically viable and scalable co-product concepts. We demonstrate the effectiveness of a novel, integrated technology based on moderate temperatures and low pH to convert the carbohydrates in wet algal biomass to soluble sugars for fermentation, while making lipids more accessible for downstream extraction and leaving a protein-enriched fraction behind. We studied the effect of harvest timing on the conversion yields, using two algal strains; Chlorella and Scenedesmus, generating biomass with distinctive compositional ratios of protein, carbohydrate, and lipids. We found that the late harvest Scenedesmus biomass had the maximum theoretical biofuel potential at 143 gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) combined fuel yield per dry ton biomass, followed by late harvest Chlorella at 128 GGE per ton. Our experimental data show a clear difference between the two strains, as Scenedesmus was more successfully converted in this process with a demonstrated 97 GGE per ton. Our measurements indicated a release of >90% of the available glucose in the hydrolysate liquors and an extraction and recovery of up to 97% of the fatty acids from wet biomass. Techno-economic analysis for the combined product yields indicates that this process exhibits the potential to improve per-gallon fuel costs by up to 33% compared to a lipids-only process for one strain, Scenedesmus, grown to the mid-point harvest condition.
EFFECTS OF pH AND SODIUM CHLORIDE ON Yersinia enterocolitica GROWTH AT ROOM AND REFRIGERATION TEMPERATURES

The effects of pH level and sodium chloride concentration on clinical and environmental strains of Yersinia enterocolitica at 3° and 25°C were determined. Bacteriostatic and bactericidal inhibition was observed at 7% w/v sodium chloride at both 3° and 25° C in Brain Heart Infusion Broth. Growth was observed at pH 4.6-9.0. Clinical strains showed significantly greater tolerance to pH level and sodium chloride concentration than did the environmental strains of Y. enterocolitica at 25° C. These findings suggest that Y. enterocolitica may be resistant to some common methods of food preservation.
America on Display: Constructing and Containing Images of the United States

America’s identity in the nineteenth century was commonly located in the grand features of its landscape and its abundant natural resources. This essay investigates how these ideas were reproduced and exploited in two popular American exhibitions that toured England during the middle and later parts of the century: John Banvard’s 'moving panorama' of the Mississippi River, first displayed in 1848, and Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, which debuted in 1887. I will show how the responses to these exhibitions in the British popular press reveal particular strategies undertaken to manage the implications of America’s prodigious features. It was through the enthusiastic and often exaggerated promotion of America’s remarkable size and natural resources that America’s potential as an equal - or superior - cultural and political entity was safely contained, ultimately reducing America, however big, to little more than a fascinating but harmless spectacle. The very packaging of these spectacles allowed viewers to imagine that the awe-inspiring landscape was still what most profoundly defined America. Yet the recreation of these landscapes through virtual technologies anticipated the means by which America would come to be understood in the twentieth century, an America whose power had nothing to do with the mere size of its landscape, but was industrial, cultural, and commercial.
Learning the Art of Networking: A Critical Skill for Enhancing Social Capital and Career Success.

In this era of boundaryless careers, with individuals making frequent career moves and needing to get up-to-speed quickly, networking is seen as a critical competency. Developing and maintaining relationships with others for the purpose of mutual benefit can help individuals search for and secure employment opportunities, gain access to needed information or resources— especially on short notice—and obtain guidance, sponsorship, and social support. Such networking skills are crucial for enhancing social capital and career success; however, many individuals feel uncomfortable with, or unskilled in, networking. Given the importance of networking for business students, we discuss the benefits and challenges of networking and then share a set of exercises and experiences that have been effective in increasing students' networking abilities.
Simulated Density Currents in Idealized Stratified Environments

Abstract The effects of three distinct stratifications on density current dynamics are investigated using a nonhydrostatic numerical model: (i) a stably stratified layer underneath a deep neutrally stratified flow, representing a nocturnal boundary layer over land; (ii) a neutrally stratified layer underlying a deep stably stratified flow, representing a daytime boundary layer; and (iii) a continuously stratified atmosphere. In the first case, a weak or intermediate stratification decreases the height of density currents and increases the propagation speed. The same result holds in strongly stratified situations as long as the generated disturbances in the neighborhood of the head do not propagate away. Classical density currents occur in weak stratification, multiheaded density currents in intermediate stratification, and multiheaded density currents with solitary wave–like or borelike disturbances propagating ahead of the current in strong stratification. In the second case, the upper-layer stratificati...
Three New Uroplectes (Scorpiones: Buthidae) with Punctate Metasomal Segments from Tropical Central Africa

ABSTRACT The scorpion fauna of tropical central Africa is poorly known and may be more diverse than generally recognized. The present contribution describes three morphologically similar, and probably monophyletic species of Uroplectes Peters, 1861, which have gone undetected, despite being distributed across a large area, extending from the Democratic Republic of Congo to Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Uroplectes malawicus, sp. nov., and Uroplectes zambezicus, sp. nov., occurring south of Lake Malawi and in the Zambezi River Valley, respectively, appear to be sister species. Uroplectes katangensis, sp. nov., is based on a single female from the southeastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Based on their punctate metasomal segments, the new species appear to be most closely related to Uroplectes chubbi Hirst, 1911. The markedly concave, shagreened dorsomedian surfaces on metasomal segments I–IV resemble the stridulatory surfaces on the metasomal segments of most Parabuthus Pocock, 1890, and, toge...
Compression and Decompression of Wavetable Synthesis Data

Table look-up (or wavetable) synthesis methods have been widely used for many years in music synthesizers. Recently wavetable music synthesis has received new interest in the context of mobile applications such as personalized ring tones and pager notification signals. The limited amount of storage and processing available in such mobile devices makes the use of compressed wavetable data desirable. In this paper several issues related to wavetable compression are described and an efficient compression/decompression method is proposed for reducing the size of wavetable data while maintaining loop continuity and timbral quality.
Regulation of erythropoiesis. XXI. The effect of erythropoietin on the stem cell.

SummaryNine units of erythropoietin given in equally divided doses at 8-hour intervals for 23 days to the CAF1 mouse produced a significantly greater polycythemia than had been observed in this strain when exposed to 23,000 feet for a similar period of time. The splenic CFU began to increase within 24 hours after the beginning of treatment and reached levels of 5-fold those of controls between days 8 and 16. The extent to which migration of CFU from the marrow and or replication of CFU in situ is responsible for the increase in splenic CFU is discussed. It is concluded that the stem cell participates in the physiologic response to erythropoietin but without depletion of this compartment. The possibility that the previously reported decrease in CFU in hypoxic animals represents a secondary perhaps “toxic” effect of hypoxia unrelated to erythropoietin is considered.
Inhibition of P32-orthophosphate exchange by sodium fluoride in erythrocytes from patients with hereditary spherocytosis.

Summary1. The exchange of orthophos-phate-P32 by normal human red blood cells (rbc) and rbc of patients with hereditary spherocytosis (HS) has been studied in the presence of NaF. 2. The flux of orthophosphate-P32 into HS cells could be inhibited by 10-3 M NaF whereas the flux into normal rbc remained unaffected by this concentration of fluoride. 3. The exchange of intracellular phosphate-P32 was studied similarly in normal P32-labeled rbc and in P32-labeled rbc from patients with HS. Addition of NaF caused an increase in the rate at which P32 was released from HS cells and caused a decrease in the rate of release of P32 from normal rbc.
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Insulin Resistance

The clinical recognition of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is increasing, and with recent therapeutic advances, short-term survival has improved. In spite of these advances, however, PAH remains a disease with substantial morbidity and long-term mortality. The pathogenesis of PAH involves a complex interaction of local and distant cytokines, growth factors, co-factors, and transcription factors occurring in the right genetic and environmental setting. These factors ultimately lead to the detrimental changes in vascular anatomy and function seen in PAH patients. An important association between obesity/insulin resistance and PAH has recently been identified. Both conditions occur in the presence of a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, and although it is unlikely that a single pathway is solely responsible for the observed association, deficiencies in adiponectin, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) activity likely play a prominent role. Although incompletely understood, it is clear that further investigation is warranted and the role of weight loss and improved glycemic control in the treatment of at-risk patients with PAH and obesity should be determined.
Improving the Wavefront Boundary Condition for Adaptive Optics Retinal Imaging

Accurate wavefront control requires carefully handling the boundary condition of wavefront measurement. With our dual deformable-mirror Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope, we have demonstrated improvement in imaging by reducing the adverse boundary effect.
Quality of EHR data extractions for studies of preterm birth in a tertiary care center: guidelines for obtaining reliable data

The use of Electronic Health Records (EHR) has increased significantly in the past 15 years. This study compares electronic vs. manual data abstractions from an EHR for accuracy. While the dataset is limited to preterm birth data, our work is generally applicable. We enumerate challenges to reliable extraction, and state guidelines to maximize reliability.
Research on crack inspecting of rectangular flexible eddy current array sensor

A rectangular eddy current array sensor can be employed to inspect cracks of metal structure quantificationally,but it is often influenced by lift-off effect. Through setting up finite element model of rectangular eddy current array sensor,analyze response characteristics of sensor on lift-off distance,besides,crack inspecting platform is established,and influence of lift-off diatance on crack inspecting capability of sensor is investigated. It's shown that the sensor is very sensitive to life-off effect,which must be suppressed in crack inspecting process, and crack inspecting capability is weakened sharply when lift-off distance increased,therefore,lift-off distance should be decreased as small as possible in crack inspecting process.
Clinical characteristics and dose-volume histogram parameters associated with the development of pleural effusions in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with chemoradiation therapy

AbstractBackground: To investigate descriptive characteristics and dose metric (DM) parameters associated with development of pleural effusions (PlEf) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with definitive chemoradiation therapy (CRT).Materials and methods: We retrospectively assessed treatment records and follow-up imaging of 66 NSCLC patients to identify PlEf formation after CRT. PlEf association between mean heart dose (MHD), mean lung dose (MLD), heart V5–V60 (HV), and lung V5–V60 (LV) were evaluated using Cox Proportional Hazard Models.Results: A total of 52% (34 of 66 patients) of our population developed PlEf and the actuarial rates at 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months were 7%, 30%, and 42%, respectively. Median time to diagnosis was five months (range 0.06–27 months). The majority of PlEfs were grade one (67%) and developed at a median of four (0.06–13) months, followed by grade two (15%) at a median 11 (5–12) months, and grade three (18%) at a median of 11 (3–27) months. On multivariate a...
Anticoagulant properties of three mucopolysaccharides used in rheumatology

Three mucopolysaccharides (MPS) used in the treatment of degenerative joint disease were compared to heparin to establish their relative potencies on 3 coagulation tests, the aPTT, the antifactor Xa activity and the dilute thrombin time. One of the compounds, Arteparon, was one fourth as potent as heparin on the aPTT, but had little or no influence on the 2 other tests. Further in vitro studies suggested that Arteparon acted at a higher level than factor Xa generation in the intrinsic amplification system and that its effect was independent of antithrombin III. In vivo administration of Arteparon confirmed its anticoagulant properties, which raises the question of the clinical use of this MPS.
“Live Monster”: Black Friday and the All-Consuming City

This [the “Holiday Season”] is a very special time of year for us, a time for family reunions and for celebrating together the blessings of God and the promises He has given us… [T]his is a season ...
Abstract 3228: High salt induces anti-inflammatory MΦ2-like phenotype in peripheral macrophages

Macrophages play a critical role in inflammation and antigen-presentation. Abnormal macrophage function has been attributed in autoimmune diseases and cancer progression. Recent evidence suggests that high salt tissue micro-environment causes changes in macrophage activation. In our current report, we studied the role of extracellular sodium chloride (NaCl) on phenotype changes in peripheral circulating monocyte/macrophages collected from healthy donors. High salt (0.2 M NaCl) treatment resulted in a decrease in MΦ1 macrophage phenotype (CD11b+CD14highCD16low) from 77.4±6.2% (0.1 M) to 29.3±5.7% (0.2 M, p Citation Format: Suneetha Amara, Toral R. Mehta, Margaret Whalen, Venkataswarup Tiriveedhi. High salt induces anti-inflammatory MΦ2-like phenotype in peripheral macrophages. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3228.
Sensing Matrix Design via Mutual Coherence Minimization for Electromagnetic Compressive Imaging Applications

Compressive sensing (CS) theory states that sparse signals can be recovered from a small number of linear measurements $y=Ax$ using $\ell _1\text{-}$ norm minimization techniques, provided that the sensing matrix satisfies a restricted isometry property (RIP). Unfortunately, the RIP is difficult to verify in electromagnetic imaging applications, where the sensing matrix is computed deterministically. Although it provides weaker reconstruction guarantees than the RIP, the mutual coherence is a more practical metric for assessing the CS recovery properties of deterministic matrices. In this paper, we describe a method for minimizing the mutual coherence of sensing matrices in electromagnetic imaging applications. Numerical results for the design method are presented for a simple multiple monostatic imaging application, in which the sensor positions for each measurement serve as the design variables. These results demonstrate the algorithm's ability to both decrease the coherence and to generate sensing matrices with improved CS recovery capabilities.
Use of non-anthracycline adjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer: Review from a prospective registry.

e12071 Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy is recommended for most patients with stage I-III triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Anthracycline (A) and Taxane (T) form the backbone of most adjuvant ...
Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Disease: Controversy Unresolved.

Vitamin D deficiency is typically caused by inadequate cutaneous synthesis secondary to decreased exposure to sunlight. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D l <20 ng/ml are diagnostic of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D has various cardiovascular pleiotropic effects by activating its nuclear receptor in cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells and by regulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, adiposity, energy expenditure, and pancreatic cell activity. In humans, vitamin D deficiency is associated with the following: vascular dysfunction; arterial stiffening; left ventricular hypertrophy; and worsened metrics of diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. It is also linked with worse cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, meta-analyses of vitamin D supplementation trials have failed to show clear improvements in blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, or lipid parameters, thus suggesting that the link between vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular disease may be an epiphenomenon. Ongoing larger randomized trials will clarify whether monitoring and supplementation of vitamin D play roles in cardiovascular protection.
Emotional Understanding in School-Aged Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Promising Target for Intervention.

Background: Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) have high rates of secondary conditions, including mental health difficulties. Limited emotional understanding (EU) raises risk for psychopathology, but little is known about EU in FASD. Objective: Determine if EU is a reasonable treatment target in FASD. Methods: Data were gathered from 56 children (6-13 years) with FASD and their caregivers, including EU (Kusche Affective Interview-Revised), child social problem-solving, and caregiver-reported social skills. Results: Children showed striking delays in EU (2-5 years delay) relative to published normative data, despite normal mean IQ (IQ=94.56). Individual variability was considerable even after accounting for age and verbal IQ. On some indices, better developed EU related to more adaptive social problem-solving. Unexpectedly, parent-reported social skills were unrelated to EU. Conclusions: Treatments targeting EU and social problem-solving may benefit children with FASD as components within a comprehensive, tailored intervention focused on child self-regulation and caregiver behavior management.
Credibility assessment for sustainable consumption: A laboratory study

AbstractSustainable consumption has the potential to hold firms accountable for the negative externalities they impose on society and the environment, but consumers are often unsure whether to believe that the products and companies promoted as being sustainable are truly sustainable. This research investigates novices’ credibility assessments of online sustainability ratings reports using a laboratory experiment and a dual-process theoretical lens. It identifies and operationalizes two new heuristic cues that theory suggests should be influential in this process: the For-profit status of the company that produced the expert reports, and its Strategic Ties. Each participant looked up companies’ sustainability ratings on two databases, one of which was perceived to be significantly easier to use and more credible than the other. Database Credibility and the For-profit status of the company producing the database both significantly affected perceptions of content usefulness. The impact of the Strategic Ties...
Charge Carriers Modulate the Bonding of Semiconductor Nanoparticle Dopants As Revealed by Time-Resolved X-ray Spectroscopy

Understanding the electronic structure of doped semiconductors is essential to realize advancements in electronics and in the rational design of nanoscale devices. Reported here are the results of time-resolved X-ray absorption studies on copper-doped cadmium sulfide nanoparticles that provide an explicit description of the electronic dynamics of the dopants. The interaction of a dopant ion and an excess charge carrier is unambiguously observed via monitoring the oxidation state. The experimental data combined with DFT calculations demonstrate that dopant bonding to the host matrix is modulated by its interaction with charge carriers. Furthermore, the transient photoluminescence and the kinetics of dopant oxidation reveal the presence of two types of surface-bound ions that create midgap states.
Boron Nitride Nanotubes, Silicon Carbide Nanotubes, and Carbon Nanotubes—A Comparison of Properties and Applications

Abstract This chapter describes the development of noncarbon nanotubes and compares the features of carbon and noncarbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes are the most widely available nanotube material and are typically used for reinforcement of polymeric and glass materials, electronic applications, etc. Noncarbon nanotubes such as boron nitride and silicon carbide have advantages for use in aggressive environments. Possible uses of noncarbon nanotubes include reinforcement of metals, polymers, and glasses; environmental and thermal barrier coatings; electronics; and radiation shielding.
Opioid Overdoses: A Webliography

Opioid drug overdose is currently the leading cause of death in the United States. An estimated 91 Americans die from opioid overdoses every day. Opioids are a class of drugs that interact with opi...
Toward closed-loop transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation using peripheral cardiovascular physiological biomarkers: A proof-of-concept study

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (t-VNS) is a promising technology for modulating brain function and possibly treating disorders of the central nervous system. While handheld devices are available for t-VNS, stimulation efficacy can only be quantified using expensive imaging or blood biomarker analyses. Additionally, the parameters and "dosage" recommendations for t-VNS are typically fixed, as there are limited biomarkers that can assess downstream effects of the stimulation outside of clinical settings. In this proof-of-concept study, we evaluated non-invasive peripheral cardiovascular measurements as physiological biomarkers of t-VNS efficacy. Specifically, we hypothesized two physiological biomarkers: (1) the pre-ejection period (PEP) of the heart — a parameter closely linked to sympathetic tone — and (2) the amplitude of peripheral photoplethysmogram (PPG) waveforms — representing changes in vasomotor tone and thus parasympathetic / sympathetic activation. A total of six healthy human subjects participated in the multi-day study, half each undergoing active or sham t-VNS stimulus. The three subjects receiving t-VNS had no decrease in PEP and an increase in PPG amplitude following t-VNS, while the subjects receiving sham stimulus had a decrease in PEP and no change in PPG amplitude. When combined with mental stress (a traumatic script being read back to the subjects), the group with t-VNS had no decrease in PEP and only a slight decrease in PPG amplitude following stimulus, while the group receiving sham stimulus had a decrease in PEP and also a slight decrease in PPG amplitude. These studies suggest that PEP and PPG amplitude measures may provide non-invasive physiological biomarkers of t-VNS efficacy, including in the presence of mental stress.
Random walk and structural break in exchange rates

In this paper, our goal is to examine whether foreign exchange rate between the US and her largest trading partners (China, Canada, Mexico, Japan, Europe, South Korea, UK, India and Taiwan) follow random-walk or mean-reversion processes in the presence of sudden and gradual structural break. Our tests endogenously determined the structural swing and are more powerful than the traditional unit root tests. In all foreign exchange rates, we find strong evidence for structural breaks. Moreover, the results are consistent with the random-walk hypothesis for all trading partners except China. After due allowance is made for structural break, the Chinese yuan against the US dollar violate the random walk hypothesis.
Physical Properties of Grain-Boundary Materials: Comparison of EAM and Central-Force Potentials

Three types of grain-boundary phenomena expected to be particularly sensitive functions of a local-volume dependence in the interatomic interaction potentials employed are investigated by means of many-body (embedded-atom and Finnis-Sinclair) and pair potentials. These phenomena are the zero-temperature volume expansion localized at the grain boundaries, the local elastic constants of grain-boundary materials, and their high-temperature stability. The same qualitative behavior is found in all these phenomena for both types of potentials, from which it is concluded that the local-volume dependence, incorporated in the many-body potentials only, does not have a strong effect on the predicted properties of grain-boundary materials. The reasons for these similarities are thought to arise from the fact that most grain-boundary properties are governed, as are those of liquids, by atoms in very close contact; i.e., by the short-range part of the interatomic potential which is of a central-force type in both sets of potentials. However, many-body potentials are expected to represent a given material better than pair-potentials since (i) they usually permit a larger number of adjustable parameters to be fitted to real-material properties, and (ii) in contrast to equilibrium pair-potentials they do not satisfy the Cauchy relation.
The Cantwell-Ransley Epispadias Repair In Exstrophy/Epispadias

Purpose We evaluate our experience with the Cantwell-Ransley epispadias repair, in order to determined the lessons that have been learned with the increased experience and follow-up.
Benign retroperitoneal fibrosis and renal cell carcinoma.

AbstractWe report benign retroperitoneal fibrosis associated with renal cell carcinoma in a 56-year-old woman. Based on the preoperative evaluation and initial surgical exploration, the retroperitoneal mass was assumed to be metastatic renal cell carcinoma and chemotherapy rather than surgical resection was offered to the patient. A second opinion was sought and repeat exploration revealed a resectable renal cell carcinoma and retroperitoneal tissue that was pathologically benign idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. This report emphasizes that a patient with an otherwise resectable primary tumor must undergo multiple, deep biopsies of retroperitoneal masses before making a presumptive diagnosis of malignant retroperitoneal fibrosis secondary to metastatic cancer.
The surgical principles of conjoined twin separation.

Abstract The surgical management of conjoined twin separation is a complex, multidisciplinary process that requires extensive pre operative planning and organization for optimal outcomes. Identification of detailed anatomic relationships is necessary prior to the separation. The use of 3D modeling is extremely helpful for conceptualization of the operation. The principles of the separation are dependent on the type of twin, although each variant of symmetric twins has certain commonalities related to their embryology that can be considered when planning the operation. The use of tissue expansion in the pre operative planning stage is highly recommended due to known issues with closure after separation. In order to ensure a safe, successful operation, we recommend organized pre operative planning meetings with at least one simulation of the separation event with multidisciplinary involvement.
Sensitivity of Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytology for the Diagnosis of Cryptococcal Infections: A 21-Year Single-Institution Retrospective Review.

Objectives Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis is the most common fungal infection of the central nervous system diagnosed by cerebrospinal fluid cytology (CSF) studies. Existing literature suggests that routine CSF cytomorphologic evaluations are exquisitely specific; however, less is known about their sensitivity. Methods An electronic record review of the cytopathology and microbiology files was conducted for the 21-year interval from January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2015. Results In 21 years, 12,584 CSF samples were processed in the laboratory. Of these, 24 (0.2%) were reported positive for cryptococcal organisms by light microscopy, and 129 CSF fungal cultures were positive for Cryptococcus species. All cotested specimens with positive cytology results were positive on culture (15 specimens, 100% specificity). Twenty-four samples with positive culture results were negative by CSF cytology (sensitivity 39%). Conclusions When culture is used as a gold standard, CSF cytology is 100% specific and 39% sensitive, with a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 99.8%.
Revolution or 30-year fad? A role for I-O psychology in Lean management

Lean management and related ideas have had a significant impact on organizations throughout North America and the world. Despite its popularity and impact, I-O psychologists have largely neglected Lean as a research topic and few I-O psychologists engage in applied practice in the area. In this focal article, we provide a working definition of Lean and present examples of Lean’s influence. Next, we outline possible reasons to explain I-O psychologists’ indifference to Lean. Finally, we provide some topic areas that I-O psychologists can use to contribute to the Lean literature. By using I-O psychologists’ skill in measurement and evaluation, along with our considerable organizational theory, we believe that I-O psychology can improve Lean and broaden their impact. We hope this focal article will inspire I-O psychologists to reconsider a research and practice area that they have previously ignored. In addition, we hope that this article causes I-O psychologists to reflect on their role to play in addressing popular management trends.
Tentative detection of the circumgalactic medium of the isolated low-mass dwarf galaxy WLM

We report a tentative detection of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte (WLM), an isolated, low-mass (logM*/M⊙ ≈ 7.6), dwarf irregular galaxy in the Local Group (LG). We analyse an HST/COS archival spectrum of a quasar sightline (PHL2525), which is 45 kpc (0.5 virial radius) from WLM and close to the Magellanic Stream (MS). Along this sightline, two ion absorbers are detected in Si II, Si III, Si IV, C II, and C IV at velocities of ∼−220 km s⁻¹ (Component v-220) and ∼−150 km s⁻¹ (Component v-150). To identify their origins, we study the position–velocity alignment of the components with WLM and the nearby MS. Near the magellanic longitude of PHL2525, the MS-related neutral and ionized gas moves at ≲−190 km s⁻¹, suggesting an MS origin for Component v-220, but not for Component v-150. Because PHL2525 passes near WLM and Component v-150 is close to WLM’s systemic velocity (∼−132 km s⁻¹), it is likely that Component v-150 arises from the galaxy’s CGM. This results in a total Si mass in WLM’s CGM of M^(CGM)_(Si)∼(0.2−1.0)×10⁵ M⊙ using assumption from other COS dwarf studies. Comparing M^(CGM)_(Si) to the total Si mass synthesized in WLM over its lifetime (∼1.3 × 10⁵ M⊙), we find ∼3 per cent is locked in stars, ∼6 per cent in the ISM, ∼15–77 per cent in the CGM, and the rest (∼14–76 per cent) is likely lost beyond the virial radius. Our finding resonates with other COS dwarf galaxy studies and theoretical predictions that low-mass galaxies can easily lose metals into their CGM due to stellar feedback and shallow gravitational potential.
Immunogenomic pathways associated with cytotoxic lymphocyte infiltration and survival in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cancer killer in the US today and patients with metastatic disease have only a 14% 5-year survival. One of the most impactful recent advances in cancer therapy, immune checkpoint inhibition, has not been shown to be effective for the majority of these patients. In this study, we use The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and recently developed informatic-based tools to identify targets for immune based therapy in colorectal cancer patients. Open access, pre-processed (level 3) mRNA data and clinical data from colorectal patients from the TCGA was downloaded from FireCloud. Using the Microenvironment Cell Populations-Counter method (MCP-Counter), cytotoxic lymphocyte scores were calculated for all patients. Patients were then grouped by cytotoxic lymphocyte score (High vs Low), pathologic stage, and location to identify differentially expressed genes. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed using Reactome to determine differentially expressed genes associated with immune pathways. Survival analysis was performed with identified differentially expressed genes. In the TCGA dataset, there are 461 colon and 172 rectal cancer patients. After stratifying patients by cytotoxic lymphocyte score, anatomical location, and stage, we found a significant number of differentially expressed genes. We identified one pathway, “immunoregulatory interactions between a lymphoid and non-lymphoid cell”, that was highly enriched and included in all tumor locations and stages. Survival analysis performed with differentially expressed genes in this pathway identified 21 different genes associated with survival and cytotoxic lymphocyte infiltration, with ~ 70% of these genes occurring in the metastatic right-sided CRC group. Specifically, all genes associated with survival in the metastatic right-sided colorectal cancer group with low cytotoxic lymphocyte scores positively impacted survival. Utilizing the TCGA, a publicly available dataset, and informatics-based analyses, we identified potential targets to improve immune based therapy in colorectal cancer. Additionally, we note the most targets in metastatic right-sided CRC patients, the patient group with the worst predicted survival. The results from this study demonstrate the ability of informatics-based analytic techniques to identify new therapeutic targets as well as improve patient selection for intervention, helping us to achieve the goals of precision-based oncology.