cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Detection of proteins and intact microorganisms using microfabricated flexural plate silicon resonator arrays

We are developing biosensor arrays that are based on microfabricated silicon flexural plate wave (FPW) resonators coated with molecular recognition chemistry. The resonators within the micro-chemical analysis array (CANARY) are micro-electromechanical (MEM) sensors that have been miniaturized to allow many independently addressable sensors to be integrated within a single silicon chip. The target analyte of an individual sensor within the chip is selectively detected by depositing molecular recognition component (or “coating”) onto the sensor surface, and monitoring changes in the frequency and phase of the resonance as the coating interacts with the analyte. The ultimate goal of this project is integration of hundreds of miniature resonators within a single chip for detection of biological species. As proof of concept demonstration, we describe here the detection of proteins and intact microorganisms using 2-element and 8-element CANARY sensor chips and address electronics. Preliminary results of sensitivity, selectivity, and surface regeneration methods of the sensor are presented. Detection of proteins and microorganisms with the CANARY sensor were confirmed by optical measurements. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Improved Prediction of Storm Runoff in Mountain Watersheds

Estimates of storm runoff volume are used as a point of departure in the prediction of storm flow peaks. This task is a frequent endeavor in hydrologic engineering and watershed management. A standardized procedure for the estimation of storm runoff volume as a function of storm volume and land condition has been established by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and has been in wide use for about 20 yr. The purpose of this paper is to critically examine that procedure, and to suggest a modification of it which should make it more realistic, at least under some conditions.
Seeking Compatibility Between Product Data Libraries for the Furniture Industry

Abstract Typically company's software tools are modeled in different ways, and have different Import/Export data formats, becoming data communication among them an arduous task (Boissier R., 1995), Provide a set of mechanisms that speed up the integrator's tasks, facilitating the generation of interfaces and avoiding development errors, is important in order to achieve integration results in a competitive time, The use of standards in the modeling process can avoid the development of a high number of interfaces and extend the lifetime of the whole system (Camarinha-Matos, L. (992), In time, as the commercial tool's builders absorb these standards, the effort needed to keep the global system updated will be reduced, as well as the number of different product data libraries (e,g, product catalogues).
High energy beam vibrations

We study the distribution of energy over the degrees of freedom for high energy vibrations of beams. We observe that if energy of excitation exceeds a critical value energy is equally shared between the modes (and nodes). Numerous simulations conducted for longitudinal beam vibrations clearly confirm the existence of an energy threshold and equipartition of energy. It is expected that this is a generic feature of structural vibrations at high levels of energy.
Reduced Reflection of Light in Random Amplifying Media

We investigate the effect of light amplification on the minimum reflection channel in a random medium. Enhanced destructive interference of the excited resonant modes may cause a reduction in the minimum reflection with increasing gain.
Disclosure of Errors in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

The article by Dintzis et al1 in this issue of the Journal presents a survey of anatomic pathologists and laboratory medical directors regarding their attitudes and experiences reporting error. To my knowledge, this is the first multi-institutional survey of this kind in pathology and brings attention to a problem that is rarely discussed. The article also could represent a measure of the culture of pathology and laboratory medicine with regard to patient safety. The article raises several questions. It is encouraging to see that respondents were nearly unanimous in their belief that serious errors should be disclosed to colleagues, patients, and hospitals. But there are areas of uncertainty. The survey’s use of cases injects reality that draws useful information. It is hard to determine how a situation is handled without understanding all the specific details of an error. For example, if blocks and slides are mislabeled but the labeling is later corrected, most would agree this type of error should be monitored internally and possibly reported as an incident, but should the patient be told of this error? Some may consider this a near miss. Should pathologists disclose such errors to the patient? The answer is not clear. This ambiguity is reflected in the survey in which 60% thought that a near miss should be reported to the hospital but only 20% thought that a near miss should be disclosed to the patient. Some types of errors can be problematic, for example, is a change in lymph node status of a cancer case a minor error? If the positive lymph node count is changed from 0 to 1, many would say this represents a serious error. But if the positive lymph node …
Naturally Occurring and Nasty

This case discusses the pharmacodynamic interaction between cocaine and propranolol, resulting in hypertension and exaggerated cocaine toxicity.
EFFECT OF CROSS SHEAR ROLLING ON DEFORMATION TEXTURES OF HIGH PURITY ALUMINUM FOILS

The behavior of micro-orientation flow during cross shear rolling in high purity aluminum foils was studied. The results show that there exists large difference between cold rolling textures formed during cross shear rolling and the symmetric rolling. By cross shear rolling, the textures formed near the slow roller side and the fast roller side are obviously different, especially in the content of the rotation-cube texture {001}110. With the increase of deformation near the fast roller side, the cold rolling textures are mainly S and {102}uvw, however, near the slow roller side, the cold rolling textures are mainly {001}110 rotation-cube texture. The rotation-cube texture near the slow roller side is stronger than that near the fast roller side at the same speed ratio and with the same deformation.
Orally Ingested Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channel Activators Attenuate the Intensity-Duration of Voluntarily Induced Muscle Cramps in Humans

Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels in the mouth, esophagus and stomach are activated by ingestion of many naturally occurring food extracts. Recent evidence suggests that oral ingestio...
Comparison of Babesia microti Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays for Confirmatory Diagnosis of Babesiosis.

Abstract Babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne disease caused by apicomplexan parasites of the genus Babesia. Most human infections in the United States are caused by Babesia microti, but other infection-causing Babesia parasites have been documented as well. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–based methods can be used to identify this parasite to the species level. In this study, published real-time PCR assays for the specific detection of B. microti were evaluated against conventional PCR for their analytical performance. All evaluated real-time PCR assays had comparable dynamic range and amplification efficiency, but the sensitivity and specificity varied. The best performing test, a TaqMan assay targeting the 18S ribosomal RNA gene, was further evaluated for diagnostic performance using blood specimens submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for parasite detection and was found to have 100% sensitivity and specificity. In conclusion, the 18S TaqMan real-time PCR assay is a sensitive, specific, and rapid method for identification of B. microti among cases of babesiosis in the United States.
Fault localization in Smart Grid using wavelet analysis and unsupervised learning

A wavelet based fault localization method in Smart Grid (SG) systems is proposed in this paper. In SG systems, voltage, current, frequency and phase measurements can be collected in real-time using phasor measurement units (PMUs). Based on the wavelet analysis of these measurements, the signal features can be extracted by computing the maximum wavelet transform coefficients (WTCs) and further processing them with a new hybrid clustering algorithm. The clustered signal features then form a fault contour map which can be used to locate faults in the SG system accurately. Both long-term and short-term faults of transmission line, transformer, generator, and load, which are major components of SG systems, are simulated in PSCAD and PowerWorld using the IEEE New England 39-bus system to verify the proposed method. The numerical results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our proposed method for accurate fault localization in SG systems.
Exploiting Efficiency Opportunities Based on Workloads with Electron on Heterogeneous Clusters

Resource Management tools for large-scale clusters and data centers typically schedule resources based on task requirements specified in terms of processor, memory, and disk space. As these systems scale, two non-traditional resources also emerge as limiting factors: power and energy. Maintaining a low power envelope is especially important during Coincidence Peak, a window of time where power may cost up to 200 times the base rate. Using Electron, our power-aware framework that leverages Apache Mesos as a resource broker, we quantify the impact of four scheduling policies on three workloads of varying power intensity. We also quantify the impact of two dynamic power capping strategies on power consumption, energy consumption, and makespan when used in combination with scheduling policies across workloads. Our experiments show that choosing the right combination of scheduling and power capping policies can lead to a 16% reduction of energy and a 37% reduction in the 99th percentile of power consumption while having a negligible impact on makespan and resource utilization.
Digit identity influences numerical estimation in children and adults

Learning the meanings of Arabic numerals involves mapping the number symbols to mental representations of their corresponding, approximate numerical quantities. It is often assumed that performance on numerical tasks, such as number line estimation (NLE), is primarily driven by translating from a presented numeral to a mental representation of its overall magnitude. Part of this assumption is that the overall numerical magnitude of the presented numeral, not the specific digits that comprise it, is what matters for task performance. Here we ask whether the magnitudes of the presented target numerals drive symbolic number line performance, or whether specific digits influence estimates. If the former is true, estimates of numerals with very similar magnitudes but different hundreds digits (such as 399 and 402) should be placed in similar locations. However, if the latter is true, these placements will differ significantly. In two studies (N = 262), children aged 7-11 and adults completed 0-1000 NLE tasks with target values drawn from a set of paired numerals that fell on either side of "Hundreds" boundaries (e.g., 698 and 701) and "Fifties" boundaries (e.g., 749 and 752). Study 1 used an atypical speeded NLE task, while Study 2 used a standard non-speeded NLE task. Under both speeded and non-speeded conditions, specific hundreds digits in the target numerals exerted a strong influence on estimates, with large effect sizes at all ages, showing that the magnitudes of target numerals are not the primary influence shaping children's or adults' placements. We discuss patterns of developmental change and individual difference revealed by planned and exploratory analyses.
Archaeological Investigations at Hacienda Tabi

The road to Tabi is not on most maps. You simply turn off the Ruta Puuc toward the small village of Yaxhom and then follow a winding track that at first passes through ordered rows of lime and fruit trees, but soon gives way to the chaotic, dense scrub brush that chokes and obscures much of the landscape on the northern peninsula. During the rainy season this narrow dirt road carved through the bush becomes a flowing river, and the bright orange soil turns into a sticky mud that stains everything it comes into contact with. Today though it is dry and you bounce along the heavily rutted course with great anticipation as you complete each curve in the road. And just when you start to think you must have gone to the right when you should have stayed left back at that big ceiba tree, you round a bend and there it is, your first glimpse of Hacienda San Juan Bautista Tabi.
Experiences of students with disabilities in computing

This panel will address how to make computer science, computer engineering, and information technology programs more accessible to students with disabilities. The panel will have three students with disabilities, to be announced, who are currently in or have recently graduated from computing departments. The students will have a variety of disabilities, blind, deaf, learning disabled to give a broad perspective to the attendees.
The Mirror Advanced Reactor Study (MARS)

Progress in a two year study of a 1200 MWe commercial tandem mirror reactor (MARS-Mirror Advanced Reactor Study) has reached the point where major reactor system technologies are identified. New design features of the magnets, blankets, plug heating systems and direct converter are described. With the innovation of radial drift pumping to maintain low plug density, reactor recirculating power fraction is reduced to 20%. Dominance of radial ion and impurity losses into the halo permits gridless, circular direct converters to be dramatically reduced in size. Comparisons of MARS with the Starfire tokamak design are made.
Stability of a Community Microgrid in Islanded Mode: A Case Study

When a microgrid operates in the islanded mode, stability becomes an issue if the system is not properly designed. This paper presents case studies of a single-phase community microgrid in the islanded mode to investigate the stability issues. The simulation results indicate that a microgrid can be prone to instability due to the interaction between DER units. It also shows the sensitivity of microgrid stability to the DER design and control. This suggests the need for more robust DER interface design and more robust DER control to maintain the microgrid stability.
Stomatal response in soybean during drought improves leaf-scale and field-scale water use efficiencies

Abstract Diminishing water resources and an expected increase in frequency of extreme water stress events necessitate tools to diagnose and improve the drivers of variability in agronomic water use efficiency. The objective of this study was to determine if leaf-scale water use efficiency (measured as intrinsic water use efficiency and transpiration efficiency) is expressed at the field scale as yield or agronomic water use efficiency variability. We measured grain yield, total aboveground biomass, and carbon isotope discrimination and estimated evapotranspiration using a mass balance approach for field-grown Glycine max (soybean) over five years. We found that the high agronomic water use efficiency in years characterized by high vapor pressure deficit was caused by a large reduction in evapotranspiration and a relatively smaller reduction in yield. This has implications for developing drought tolerance in soybeans without compromising yield. We observed a positive relationship between transpiration efficiency and agronomic water use efficiency, with the leaf scale explaining 68% of the variability at the field scale. Through this analysis, we infer that increasing transpiration efficiency at the leaf scale will likely improve agronomic water use efficiency at the field scale in rain-fed soybean systems.
Glutamine antagonism attenuates physical and cognitive deficits in a model of MS

Objective To measure the impact of JHU-083, a novel prodrug of the glutamine antagonist 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine, on immune cell proliferation and activation, along with physical and cognitive impairments associated with the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS. Methods Splenic-derived T cells and bone marrow–derived dendritic cells (DCs) were cultured, activated, and treated daily with vehicle or JHU-083. Proliferation and activation were measured via flow cytometry and IncuCyte live cell analysis. C57BL/6 mice were immunized for EAE. Vehicle or JHU-083 was administered orally every other day either from the time of immunization in the prevention paradigm or from the time of disease onset in the treatment paradigm. Disease scores and body weight were monitored. In the treatment paradigm, cognition was evaluated using the Barnes maze test. Results JHU-083 selectively inhibits T-cell proliferation and decreases T-cell activation, with no effect on DCs. In vivo, orally administered JHU-083 significantly decreases EAE severity in both prevention and treatment paradigms and reverses EAE-induced cognitive impairment. Conclusions JHU-083, a well-tolerated, brain penetrable glutamine antagonist, is a promising novel treatment for both the physical and cognitive deficits of MS.
Amphiregulin contributes to airway remodeling in chronic allograft dysfunction after lung transplantation

Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), a condition of excess matrix deposition and airways fibrosis, limits survival after lung transplantation. Amphiregulin (Areg) is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand suggested to regulate airway injury and repair. We sought to determine whether Areg expression increases in CLAD, localize the cellular source of Areg induction in CLAD, and assess its effects on airway matrix deposition. Lung fluid Areg protein was quantified in patients with or without CLAD. In situ hybridization was performed to localize Areg and EGFR transcript in CLAD and normal lung tissue. Expression of hyaluronan, a matrix constituent that accumulates in CLAD, was measured in Areg-exposed bronchial epithelial cells in the presence or absence of an EGFR inhibitor. We demonstrated that lung fluid Areg protein was significantly increased in CLAD in a discovery and replication cohort. Areg and EGFR transcripts were abundantly expressed within CLAD tissue, localized to basally distributed airway epithelial cells overlying fibrotic regions. Areg-exposed bronchial epithelial cells increased hyaluronan and hyaluronan synthase expression in an EGFR-dependent manner. Collectively, these novel observations suggest that Areg contributes to airway remodeling and CLAD. Moreover these data implicate a role for EGFR signaling in CLAD pathogenesis, suggesting novel therapeutic targets.
Cloaking the Pregnancy: Scientific Uncertainty and Gendered Burden among Middle-class Mothers in Urban China:

In this article, I use radiation-shielding maternity clothes (cloak) as a window to explore motherhood and reproductive uncertainty in urban China. By engaging with literature on scientific uncerta...
The effect of suspect race on police officers’ decisions to draw their weapons

Researchers are working to identify appropriate benchmarks for exploring racial bias in the officer-involved shooting (OIS) context. Two recent studies benchmarked OIS against incidents in which of...
Are providers overconfident in predicting outcome after cardiac arrest

Abstract Aim To quantify the accuracy of health care providers’ predictions of survival and function at hospital discharge in a prospective cohort of patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest. To test whether self-reported confidence in their predictions was associated with increased accuracy and whether this relationship varied across providers. Methodology We presented critical care and neurology providers with clinical vignettes using real data from post-arrest patients. We asked providers to predict survival, function at discharge, and report their confidence in these predictions. We used mixed effects models to explore predictors of confidence, accuracy, and the relationship between the two. Results We completed 470 assessments of 62 patients with 65 providers. Of patients, 49 (78%) died and 9 (15%) had functionally favourable survival. Providers accurately predicted survival in 308/470 (66%) assessments. In most errors (146/162, 90%), providers incorrectly predicted survival. Providers accurately predicted function in 349/470 (74%) assessments. In most errors (114/121, 94%), providers incorrectly predicted favourable functional recovery. Providers were confident (median confidence predicting survival 80 [IQR 60–90]; median confidence predicting function 80 [IQR 60–95]). Confidence explained 9% and 18% of variation in accuracy predicting survival and function, respectively. We observed significant between-provider variability in accuracy (median odds ratio (MOR) for predicting survival 2.93, 95%CI 1.94–5.52; MOR for predicting function 5.42, 95%CI 3.01–13.2). Conclusions Providers varied in accuracy predicting post-arrest outcomes and most errors were optimistic. Self-reported confidence explained little variation in accuracy.
Quantification of organic aerosol and brown carbon evolution in fresh wildfire plumes

The evolution of organic aerosol (OA) and brown carbon (BrC) in wildfire plumes, including the relative contributions of primary versus secondary sources, has been uncertain in part because of limited knowledge of the precursor emissions and the chemical environment of smoke plumes. We made airborne measurements of a suite of reactive trace gases, particle composition, and optical properties in fresh western US wildfire smoke in July through August 2018. We use these observations to quantify primary versus secondary sources of biomass-burning OA (BBPOA versus BBSOA) and BrC in wildfire plumes. When a daytime wildfire plume dilutes by a factor of 5 to 10, we estimate that up to one-third of the primary OA has evaporated and subsequently reacted to form BBSOA with near unit yield. The reactions of measured BBSOA precursors contribute only 13 ± 3% of the total BBSOA source, with evaporated BBPOA comprising the rest. We find that oxidation of phenolic compounds contributes the majority of BBSOA from emitted vapors. The corresponding particulate nitrophenolic compounds are estimated to explain 29 ± 15% of average BrC light absorption at 405 nm (BrC Abs405) measured in the first few hours of plume evolution, despite accounting for just 4 ± 2% of average OA mass. These measurements provide quantitative constraints on the role of dilution-driven evaporation of OA and subsequent radical-driven oxidation on the fate of biomass-burning OA and BrC in daytime wildfire plumes and point to the need to understand how processing of nighttime emissions differs.
How Adults With Serious Mental Illness Learn and Use Wellness Recovery Action Plan's Recovery Framework

This study was conducted to investigate how adults with serious mental illness learn and utilize an illness self-management framework for pursuing recovery through a program called Wellness Recovery Action Plan (WRAP). The researchers employed an interpretive descriptive methodology with thematic analysis. Data were collected from three focus groups (n = 26) and in-depth interviews with follow-up member checks with 10 participants (n = 20 interviews). Findings aligned with main constructs of self-determination theory (SDT) to explain how an autonomy-supportive environment created opportunities for participants to build competency, implementing personalized recovery strategies that are socially endorsed by peers, resulting in internalized motivation for continued application of WRAP's framework. SDT appears to explain mechanisms of change for WRAP. Recommendations for mental health organizations include broadly ensuring autonomy-supportive environments and services that maximize opportunities to build competence in recovery strategies in collaboration with peers. Future research may utilize SDT as the theoretical basis for investigating self-management programs.
Three-dimensional printing of glass micro-optics

To meet the increasing needs of high-precision glass micro-optics and address the major limitations of current three-dimensional (3D) printing optics, we have developed a liquid, solvent-free, silica precursor and two-photon 3D printing process. The printed optical elements can be fully converted to transparent inorganic glass at temperatures as low as 600 C with a shrinkage rate of 17%. We have demonstrated the whole process, from material development, printing, and performance evaluation of the printed glass micro-optics. 3D printing of glass micro-optics with isotropic shrinkage, micrometer resolution, low peak-to-valley deviation (<100nm), and low surface roughness (<6nm) has been achieved. The reported technique will enable the rapid prototyping of complex glass micro-optics previously impossible using conventional glass optics fabrication processes.
Comments on Beilin's Epistemology and Palermo's Defense of Kuhn

Publisher Summary This chapter is written in response to some of the major points made by Beilin and Palermo. Beilin's paper is an excellent exemplification of the manner in which an empiricist epistemology, combined with a conventionalist-demarcationist strategy, interprets the role of underlying presuppositions, world views, in science. The empiricist-conventionalist strategy must trivialize the impact of such presuppositions and this is exactly what Beilin does. Beilin's main attack on the influence of world views comes in the dogmatic assertion that the influence of the world view position “at least among philosophers of science, has considerably diminished, if not extinguished”. For an empiricist-conventionalist to accept the view that world views enter into the essential body of science would be to deny the central tenet of empiricism, that ultimately all knowledge depends on observation and only on observation.
Sirolimus-eluting dextran and polyglutamic acid hybrid coatings on AZ31 for stent applications

Magnesium (Mg)-based cardiovascular stents are promising candidate as the next generation of novel stents. Clinical studies have revealed encouraging outcomes, but late restenosis and thrombogenesis still largely exist. Blood and vascular biocompatible coatings with drug-eluting features could be the solution to such problems.ObjectiveThis study was to investigate the feasibility of a three-layer hybrid coating on Mg alloy AZ31 with sirolimus-eluting feature for cardiovascular stent application.Materials and methodsThe first and third layers were low molecular weight dextran loaded with sirolimus, and the second layer was polyglutamic acid (PGA) to control sirolimus release. The hybrid coating was verified by scanning electron microscope (SEM). DC polarization and immersion tests were used to evaluate corrosion rate of the materials. Indirect cell viability and cell proliferation tests were performed by culturing cells with extract solutions of AZ31 samples. Blood compatibility was assessed using hemolysi...
The production of extracellular copper-complexing ligands by marine and estuarine fungi

AbstractPotentiometric titrations of filtrates from cultures of intertidal and marine fungi revealed extracellular production of strong copper-complexing ligands for 8 of 11 species tested. Conditional stability constants for these ligands at pH 7 ranged from 109 to 1012, similar to previously published constants for organic ligands from natural waters and sediments. Our results indicate that fungi could be an important source of natural chelating substances, and could play an important role in controlling the biological availability and geochemical behavior of copper in many natural systems.
The Long March of History: Farm Laborers Wages in England 1208-1850

Using manuscript and secondary sources, the paper calculates real day wages for male agricultural laborers in England from 1208 to 1850. Both nominal wages and the cost of living move differently than is suggested by the famous Phelps-Brown and Hopkins series on building craftsmen. In particular farm laborers real wages were only half as much in the pre-plague years as would be implied by the PBH index. The PBH series implied that the English economy broke from the stasis of the medieval period only in the late eighteenth century. The real wage calculated here suggest that the productivity of the economy began growing from the medieval level at least a century earlier in the mid seventeenth century.
First ever cross comparison of thermospheric wind measured by narrow- and wide-field optical Doppler spectroscopy

We present the first ever cross comparisons of F region horizontal neutral wind measurements taken using two different types of optical Doppler spectrometer: all-sky scanning Doppler imagers (SDI) and narrow-field Fabry-Perot interferometers (NFPIs). Horizontal neutral winds were inferred using bistatic observations from three NFPIs, together with monostatic and bistatic observations from two SDIs. All instruments were located in Alaska. Cross comparisons were made for a total of seven nights in January and February 2010. The results show a high degree of correlation between the diurnal behaviors of the line-of-sight (LOS) winds measured by both instruments. The SDI and NFPI LOS wind time series also often contained high-frequency fluctuations with similar overall characteristics, strongly suggesting that these fluctuations were geophysical in origin. However, the amplitude of the high-frequency component was stronger in the NFPI LOS wind than in the SDI data. Even the smallest SDI angular resolution element is much larger than the NFPI field of view, suggesting that its relative insensitivity to high frequencies is because these fluctuations are associated with local-scale structures whose spatial extent is smaller than ∼40 km spanned by the smallest SDI viewing field. Upon fitting vectors to the LOS wind data, close agreement was found between the wind components estimated by the two types of instrument. Discrepancies that did arise occurred most often when the neutral wind speed was weak, suggesting that conditions capable of driving higher neutral wind speeds also suppressed the development of small-scale structures in the thermospheric neutral wind fields.
Pregnancy- and delivery-induced biomechanical changes in rat vagina persist postpartum.

Introduction and hypothesis We sought to define changes in vaginal distensibility (VD) induced by pregnancy and vaginal delivery using a novel in vivo biomechanical testing protocol.
Comments on exciton—phonon coupling. II. Variational solutions

Abstract Two variational calculations of the energy and correlation functions for a simple excition—phonon coupled system are presented and contrasted to the adiabatic solution and the exact solution. The simpler variational solution leads to two minima and abrupt changes in the properties of the system; an asymmetric variational wavefunction, motivated by the form of perturbation theory for this problem, leads to smooth behavior in agreement with the exact result.
Analysis of magnetic amplifier gate-limited reset

UNBLOCKING of the gate rectifier of the resetting core in self-saturating magnetic amplifier circuits may result in appreciably different response times and gains than would otherwise be expected. It is important to predict and avoid the occurrence of this phenomenon in the design of such circuits. An analytic prediction of this misbehavior of the gate rectifier requires the assumption of an analytic core function and rectifier function. Two core functions are chosen. Core Model A assumes a constant mmf (magnetomotive force) requirement for the resetting core when both cores are unsaturated and another constant mmf requirement for the resetting core after the gating core is saturated. Core Model B assumes a dynamic rectangular BH loop whose width is a constant plus a term proportional to the rate of change of flux. The nature of these core functions is shown in Fig. 1.
Development and survival of Telenomus lobatus, a parasitoid of chrysopid eggs: effect of host species

Telenomus lobatus Johnson & Bin (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), previously known only from the eggs of a berothid species, emerged from field-collected eggs of the chrysopid Mallada macleodi. In the laboratory, host species differentially influenced development, survival, and size of the parasitoid. Females parasitized between 55 and 65% of the available eggs of Chrysoperla (C. carnea, C. harrisii, and C. rufilabris), and these yielded 98 to 100% adult parasitoids within an average of 13 days. In contrast, eggs of Chrysopa were parasitized less frequently, (C. chi: 50%; C. oculata: 16%; C. quadripunctata: 1.3%) and relatively few (C. chi: 5.6%; C. oculata: 21%) or no (C. quadripunctata) parasitoids survived to adult emergence. Preimaginal development of T. lobatus in eggs of C. chi and C. oculata was approximately two days longer than in eggs of Chrysoperla spp. Although eggs of Meleoma dolicharthra were parasitized infrequently (approx. 16%), they yielded 100% adult parasitoids. Anomalochrysa maclachlani eggs were parasitized at low rates (1.8%) and parasitoid survival was intermediate (40.7%). Among all species, size of the host egg was positively related to the size of the emerging parasitoid adult. Resume Influence de l'espece de l'hote sur le developpement et la survie de Telenomus lobatus, parasitoide des œufs de Crysope T. lobatus Johnson & Bin (Hym. Scelionidae) connu jusqu'ici uniquement comme parasitoide des œufs de Berothidae, a ete obtenu d'œufs du chrysope, Mallada macleodi recoltes dans la nature. Au laboratoire, l'espece de l'hote influe sur le developpement, la survie et la taille du parasitoide. Les femellles ont parasite 55 a 65% des œufs disponibles de Chrysoperla (C. cornea, C. harrisii, C. rufilabris) et ceux-ci ont donne 98 a 100% de parasitoides adultes en 13 jours en moyenne. Par contre, les œufs de Chrysopa etaient moins souvent parasites, – C. chi. 50%; C. oculata: 16%; C. quadripunctata: 1,3% –, et relativement peu de parasitoides avaient survecu jusqu'a l'emergence, – C. chi: 5,6%; C. oculata: 21%; C. quadripunctata: 0. Le developpement preimaginai est approximativement 2 jours plus long dans les œufs de C. chi et C. oculata que dans ceux de Chrysoperla spp. Bien que les œufs de Meleoma dolicharthra aient ete peu parasites, –environ 16% –, 100% ont donne des parasitoides adultes. Les œufs de Anomalochrysa maclachlani ont ete peu parasites, – 1,8 % –, et le taux de survie a ete moyen: 40,7%. Pour toutes les especes, la taille de l'œuf de l'hote etait liee positivement a la taille du parasitoide obtenu.
Kant's Phenomenological Ethics

Mesurant la possibilite d'une interpretation phenomenologique de l'ethique kantienne, l'A. souleve la question de l'essence de la moralite dans les «Fondements de la metaphysique des moeurs» et tente de resoudre la tension entre l'approche phenomenologique de la theorie ethique de Kant et l'approche transcendantale de la deuxieme critique. Examinant la methode et l'objet de la phenomenologie representee par Husserl et Heidegger, l'A. etudie le traitement de la conscience et de l'intentionnalite morales chez Kant, a travers l'analyse des principes de la raison et de la loi naturelle
Failure to Recognize Depression in Primary Care: Issues and Challenges

Depression is highly prevalent in the United States, affecting approximately 18.8 million adults, or about 9.5% of the U.S. population aged 18 years and older in a given year.1 Depression is particularly prevalent in primary care patients with prevalence rates of 10% or greater.2 Depression is a leading cause of disability, workplace absenteeism, diminished or lost productivity, and increased use of health care resources.3,4 Depression is associated with decreased quality of life5 and increased health care cost.6 There is also fairly consistent evidence that depression is associated with increased mortality across all age groups7–9 and that both major and minor depression are associated with increased mortality.10 Thus, depression has major public health implications.
Turbulent Rayleigh-Taylor instability experiments with variable acceleration.

Turbulent mixing due to the Rayleigh-Taylor instability is experimentally found to vary strongly with the temporal acceleration profile g(t). For constant g, the bubble amplitude ${\mathit{h}}_{\mathit{b}}$ increases as ${\mathit{gt}}^{2}$ consistent with previous results. For sustained acceleration profiles with dg/dt\ensuremath{\ne}0, ${\mathit{h}}_{\mathit{b}}$ increases, not with the displacement Z=\ensuremath{\int}\ensuremath{\int}g dt\ensuremath{'}dt, but with the length S=0.5 [\ensuremath{\int}\ensuremath{\surd}g dt${]}^{2}$. For an impulsive acceleration, mixing is minimized with ${\mathit{h}}_{\mathit{b}}$\ensuremath{\sim}${\mathit{Z}}^{0.4}$. These results are used to test mix models. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Simultaneous Determination of Refractive Index and Density of an Evaporating Aqueous Solution Droplet

The experimental technique and computational method developed for simultaneous determination of refractive index and density of an electrolyte solution droplet undergoing evaporation at 25°C are described. Results are presented for the systems (NH4)2SO4-H2O, Na2SO4-H2O, and NaNO3-H2O over a wide concentration range from high dilution to critical supersaturation. It is shown that the partial molal refraction derived for each electrolyte is remarkably constant throughout the entire concentration region, thereby validating the partial molal refraction approach for predicting the refractive index of highly supersaturated solutions.
SU‐E‐T‐272: Radiation Damage Comparison Between Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy and Field‐In‐Field Technique in Breast Cancer Treatments

Purpose: To compare normal tissue complications between IMRT and FIF treatment in breast cancer. Methods: 16 patients treated with IMRT plan and 20 patients treated with FIF plan were evaluated in this study. Both kinds of plans were generated using Eclipse treatment planning system by dosimetrist following clinical radiotherapy treatment guidelines. The plans were reviewed and approved by radiation oncologist. The average survival fraction (SF) for three different normal tissue cells of each concerned structure can be calculated from differential dose volume histogram (DVH) using linear quadratic model. The three types of normal tissues include radiosensitive, moderately radiosensitive and radio-resistant that represents 70%, 50% and 30% survival fractions, respectively, for a 2-Gy open field. Equivalent uniform doses (EUD) for corresponding normal tissues of each structure were calculated. Results: The EUDs of the lungs, heart, healthy breast and spinal cord with both IMRT and FIF treatments were calculated. Considering the average value of all IMRT plans, the lung of treated side absorbed 16.0% of dosage prescribed to the tumor if the radiosensitivity of the lung is similar to the radiosensitive cell line. For moderately radiosensitive and radio-resistant lung tissue, the average EUDs can be 18.9% and 22.4% of prescription. In contrast,more » patients treated with FIF plans were delivered 6.0%, 7.5% and 10.3% of prescribed dose for radiosensitive, moderately radiosensitive and radio-resistant lung tissue, respectively. Comparing heart EUDs between IMRT and FIF plans, average absorbed doses in IMRT treatment were 7.7%, 8.7% and 9.7% of prescription for three types of heart normal tissue cell lines while FIF treatments delivered only 1.3%, 1.5% and 1.6% of prescription dose. For the other organs, the results were similar. Conclusion: The results indicated that breast cancer treatment using IMRT technique had more normal tissue damage than FIF treatment. FIF demonstrated more effective normal tissue dose reduction in breast cancer treatment.« less
Sudden, Unexpected Death in the Dental Office

Sudden, unexpected death is not uncommon and can occur in the dental office. Because most primary causes of sudden, unexpected death can be influenced by physical or emotional stress, it is probable that such deaths could be related secondarily to treatment stress.
"Moral Mediums: Spirit-Writing and the Cultural Construction of Chinese Spirit-Mediumship"

Philip Clart examine la profession de medium en tant que champ culturel conteste de la religion populaire chinoise. A partir de ses propres recherches de terrain, de sources premieres telles que des livres de morale et de l’etude de la mediumnite au travers de la sphere culturelle chinoise, il demontre l’existence d’interpretations differentes et parfois rivales de la mediumnite. Il decrit en particulier la vision que l’on en a parmi les tenants taiwanais du culte de l’ecriture automatique (« les salles du Phenix »), ou la profession de medium est regie par les regles d’un univers moral. Puisque les dieux sont des forces morales, le medium qui en est possede ne peut etre qu’une personne que sa valeur morale rend agreable aux dieux. La moralite devient la precondition et la base de la transcendance ; l’union entre la divinite et le medium est ainsi percue comme se produisant entre deux entites d’essence semblable.
Benchmarking and gap analysis: what is the next milestone?

First there was traditional benchmarking and then “expanded” benchmarking. Both analyse the gap between current practice and best practice. Introduces what might be the next great value‐add in store for benchmarking. Proposes that benchmarking gap analysis be extended by estimating the measurement value needed to achieve total customer satisfaction. Concludes that this new type of benchmarking sets goals where they are most needed ‐ on satisfied and loyal customers.
Fabrication of titanium removable dental prosthesis frameworks with a 2-step investment coating method.

Statement of problem Although pure titanium is known to have good biocompatibility, a titanium alloy with better strength is needed for fabricating clinically acceptable, partial removable dental prosthesis (RDP) frameworks. Purpose The mechanical properties of an experimental Ti-5Al-5Cu alloy cast with a 2-step investment technique were examined for RDP framework applications. Material and methods Patterns for tests for various properties and denture frameworks for a preliminary trial casting were invested with a 2-step coating method using 2 types of mold materials: a less reactive spinel compound (Al2O3·MgO) and a less expensive SiO2-based material. The yield and tensile strength (n=5), modulus of elasticity (n=5), elongation (n=5), and hardness (n=8) of the cast Ti-5Al-5Cu alloy were determined. The external appearance and internal porosities of the preliminary trial castings of denture frameworks (n=2) were examined with a conventional dental radiographic unit. Cast Ti-6Al-4V alloy and commercially pure titanium (CP Ti) were used as controls. The data for the mechanical properties were statistically analyzed with 1-way ANOVA (α=.05). Results The yield strength of the cast Ti-5Al-5Cu alloy was 851 MPa and the hardness was 356 HV. These properties were comparable to those of the cast Ti-6Al-4V and were higher than those of CP Ti (P Conclusions The cast biocompatible experimental Ti-5Al-5Cu alloy exhibited high strength when cast with a 2-step coating method. With a dedicated study to determine the effect of sprue design on the quality of castings, biocompatible Ti-5Al-5Cu RDP frameworks for a clinical trial can be produced.
Structured dataflow analysis for arrays and its use in an optimizing complier

We extend the well-known interval analysis method so that it can be used to gather global flow information for individual array elements. Data dependences between all array accesses in different basic blocks, different iterations of the same loop, and across different loops are computed and represented as labelled arcs in a program flow graph. This approach results in a uniform treatment of scalars and arrays in the compiler and builds a systematic basis from which the compiler can perform numerous global optimizations. This global dataflow analysis is performed as a separate phase in the compiler. This phase only gathers the global relationships between different accesses to a variable, yet the use of this information is left to the code generator. This organization substantially simplifies the engineering of an optimizing compiler and separates the back end of the compiler (e.g. code generator and register allocator) from the flow analysis part. The global dataflow analysis algorithm described in this paper has been implemented and used in an optimizing compiler for a processor with deep pipelines. This paper describes the algorithm and its compact implementation and evaluates it, both with respect to the accuracy of the information and to the compile-time cost of obtaining and using it.
A note on improving the efficiency of inverse probability weighted estimator using the augmentation term

Abstract The augmented inverse probability weighted (AIPW) estimator employing the optimal augmentation term is more efficient than the inverse probability weighted (IPW) estimator. However, the AIPW estimator could lose substantial efficiency compared to the IPW estimator when the optimal augmentation term is incorrectly modeled. We propose a modified AIPW (MAIPW) estimator by adapting Tan’s (2010b) “tilde” estimator, which was proposed for structural models, for regression models with missing data. When the missing mechanism is correctly modeled, the proposed MAIPW estimator is more efficient than the IPW estimator, and is more efficient than the AIPW estimator using the same augmentation term, except when the augmentation term is a correct model for the optimal one, in which case both MAIPW and AIPW estimators attain the semiparametric efficiency bound, thus are equally efficient. In addition, like the AIPW estimator, the MAIPW estimator is doubly robust. Through simulation experiments, we compare numerical performances of the MAIPW estimator and some other estimators that attempt to improve efficiency upon the IPW estimator.
How Much Do Interest Groups Influence State Economic Growth

In the March 1988 issue of this Review, Virginia Gray and David Lowery presented a respecification of Mancur Olson's model of economic growth and tested the revised model with U.S. state data. A special feature of the Gray-Lowery analysis is its more thorough measurement of interest group effects. These investigators found interest group influences quite different from those anticipated by Olson's model. Paul Brace and Youssef Cohen argue that the Gray-Lowery model misspecifies the determinants of state economic growth, overstating the role of interest group size and failing to incorporate crucial exogenous variables. Gray and Lowery join the issue and defend their specification.