cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Sonographic Assessment of Uterine Dehiscence During Pregnancy in Women With a History of Cesarean Section A Case Series

Uterine scar dehiscence is a complication seen in pregnancy commonly from previous cesarean scars. It increases the risk for uterine rupture, which carries a high incidence for maternal and neonata...
An infrared optical pacing system for screening cardiac electrophysiology in human cardiomyocytes

Human cardiac myocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells (hCM) have invigorated interest in genetic disease mechanisms and cardiac safety testing; however, the technology to fully assess electrophysiological function in an assay that is amenable to high throughput screening has lagged. We describe a fully contactless system using optical pacing with an infrared (IR) laser and multi-site high fidelity fluorescence imaging to assess multiple electrophysiological parameters from hCM monolayers in a standard 96-well plate. Simultaneous multi-site action potentials (FluoVolt) or Ca2+ transients (Fluo4-AM) were measured, from which high resolution maps of conduction velocity and action potential duration (APD) were obtained in a single well. Energy thresholds for optical pacing were determined for cell plating density, laser spot size, pulse width, and wavelength and found to be within ranges reported previously for reliable pacing. Action potentials measured using FluoVolt and a microelectrode exhibited the same morphology and rate of depolarization. Importantly, we show that this can be achieved accurately with minimal damage to hCM due to optical pacing or fluorescence excitation. Finally, using this assay we demonstrate that hCM exhibit reproducible changes in repolarization and impulse conduction velocity for Flecainide and Quinidine, two well described reference compounds. In conclusion, we demonstrate a high fidelity electrophysiological screening assay that incorporates optical pacing with IR light to control beating rate of hCM monolayers.
Collaborative Care and Related Interventions in Patients With Heart Disease: An Update and New Directions

Background Psychiatric disorders, such as depression, are very common in cardiac patients and are independently linked to adverse cardiac outcomes, including mortality. Collaborative care and other integrated care models have been used successfully to manage psychiatric conditions in patients with heart disease, with beneficial effects on function and other outcomes. Novel programs using remote delivery of mental health interventions and promotion of psychological well-being may play an increasingly large role in supporting cardiovascular health. Methods We review prior studies of standard and expanded integrated care programs among patients with cardiac disease, examine contemporary intervention delivery methods (e.g., Internet or mobile phone) that could be adapted for these programs, and outline mental health-related interventions to promote healthy behaviors and overall recovery across all cardiac patients. Results Standard integrated care models for mental health disorders are effective at improving mood, anxiety, and function in patients with heart disease. Novel, "blended" collaborative care models may have even greater promise in improving cardiac outcomes, and interfacing with cardiac patients via mobile applications, text messages, and video visits may provide additional benefit. A variety of newer interventions using stress management, mindfulness, or positive psychology have shown promising effects on mental health, health behaviors, and overall cardiac outcomes. Conclusions Further study of novel applications of collaborative care and related interventions is warranted given the potential of these programs to increase the reach and effect of mental health interventions in patients with heart disease.
Checklists and Scaling Methods

A number of normed tests specific to the measurement of children’s social skills have been developed. These checklists have become a centerpiece in the assessment of social skills in children. The assessment and treatment of social skills has a long history and extensive research background encompassing several different age groups in addition to clinical populations. Due to the demonstrated importance that social skills have in regard to desirable outcomes, it is particularly important that social skills assessments are conducted accurately. Further, accurate assessment of both adaptive and maladaptive social skills while using assessment methods with sound psychometric properties allows for the appropriate identification of potential intervention targets. Much of the social skills assessment research focuses on the use of rating scales as well as the direct observation of behavior. This chapter will review these methods and the research that supports them.
An Unsupervised Multi-Detector Approach for Identifying Malicious Lateral Movement

Lateral movement-based attacks are increasingly leading to compromises in large private and government networks, often resulting in information exfiltration or service disruption. Such attacks are often slow and stealthy and usually evade existing security products. To enable effective detection of such attacks, we present a new approach based on graph-based modeling of the security state of the target system and correlation of diverse indicators of anomalous host behavior. We believe that irrespective of the specific attack vectors used, attackers typically establish a command and control channel to operate, and move in the target system to escalate their privileges and reach sensitive areas. Accordingly, we identify important features of command and control and lateral movement activities and extract them from internal and external communication traffic. Driven by the analysis of the features, we propose the use of multiple anomaly detection techniques to identify compromised hosts. These methods include Principal Component Analysis, k-means clustering, and Median Absolute Deviation-based outlier detection. We evaluate the accuracy of identifying compromised hosts by using injected attack traffic in a real enterprise network dataset, for various attack communication models. Our results show that the proposed approach can detect infected hosts with high accuracy and a low false positive rate.
A comparative study of SDN and adaptive routing on dragonfly networks

The OpenFlow-style Software Defined Networking (SDN) technology has shown promising performance in data centers and campus networks; and the HPC community is significantly interested in adopting the SDN technology. However, while OpenFlow-style SDN allows dynamic per-flow resource management using a global network view, it does not support adaptive routing, which is widely used in HPC systems. This gives rise to the question whether SDN can achieve the performance that HPC systems expect with adaptive routing. In this work, we investigate possible methods to apply the SDN technology on the current generation HPC interconnects with the Dragonfly topology, and compare the performance of SDN with that of adaptive routing. Our results indicate that adaptive routing results in higher performance than SDN when both have similar resource allocation for a given traffic condition. However, SDN can use the global network view to compete with adaptive routing by allocating network resources more effectively.
Comparative risk of incident venous thromboembolism in patients with inflammatory bowel disease initiating tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitors or nonbiologic agents: a cohort study

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) by 2 to 3 times. We compared the reduction in risk of incident VTE associated with use of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors versus nonbiologic immunomodulatory agents in patients with IBD. METHODS: This observational cohort study used data from public (Medicaid, 2000–2010; Medicare, 2007–2013) and private (Optum Clinformatics, 2004–2013) health insurance programs in the United States. We included a total of 21 671 patients who had IBD without a prior diagnosis of cancer or VTE. The exposure of interest was treatment initiation with TNF-α inhibitor or nonbiologic (azathioprine, mercaptopurine, methotrexate, cyclosporine). The outcome of interest was admission to hospital with VTE as the principal diagnosis. We used Cox proportional hazard regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) separately for each database after risk adjustment for more than 50 covariables using propensity score fine stratification. We used inverse variance meta-analytic methods to pool the adjusted HRs across the 3 databases. RESULTS: We included a total of 5173 patients who started TNF-α inhibitor therapy (1439 in the Medicaid database, 1480 in Medicare and 2254 in Optum Clinformatics) and 16 498 who initiated a nonbiologic agent (5041 in Medicaid, 5166 in Medicare, 6291 in Optum Clinformatics). The adjusted pooled HR for VTE risk with TNF-α inhibitor versus a nonbiologic agent was 0.78 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60 to 1.02). The HR was lower in patients with Crohn disease (pooled HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.86) and younger patients (18–44 yr; pooled HR 0.55, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.87). INTERPRETATION: We did not find a statistically significant association between risk of VTE and use of TNF-α inhibitors, relative to nonbiologics, in patients with IBD overall. However, an association was evident for patients younger than 45 years and those with Crohn disease.
Understanding the Links between Children's Peer Relationships and Academic Achievement

Experiences with peers constitute an important developmental context for children within which children acquire a wide range of skills, attitudes, and experiences that influence their adaptation across the life span. Educational research has begun to explore the impact of children's sense of belonging in their classrooms and schools. Feelings of relatedness tapped by measures of school climate and quality of school relationships, have been linked to important academic outcome indices including academic achievement, academic self-efficacy, and school grades. This review paper explores the links between peer relations and school adjustment and subsequent academic achievement, with a special focus on the school adjustment and academic achievement of children as moderated by peer acceptance categorizations, i.e., popular, rejected, neglected, or victimized.
Neuregulin-1 exerts molecular control over axolotl lung regeneration through ErbB family receptors

The induction of new lung tissue after disease or trauma has the potential to save lives and transform patient outcomes. Ambystoma mexicanum, the axolotl salamander, is a classic model organism used to study vertebrate regeneration, primarily after limb amputation. While it is hypothesized that axolotls regenerate all of their tissues, exploration of lung regeneration has not been performed until now. Proliferation after lung injury was observed to be a global response, suggesting that regeneration utilizes a compensatory mechanism, in contrast to limb regeneration9s epimorphic response. ErbB signaling is crucial for the proliferative response during lung regeneration, likely through the ErbB2:ErbB4 receptor heterodimer. ErbB4 mRNA was found to be highly upregulated at both one and three weeks post amputation. Neuregulin-1β (NRG1) can induce proliferation in the lung and likely exerts molecular control over lung regeneration. Inhibition of ErbB2 was sufficient to both block regeneration and the proliferative response observed after NRG1 treatment.
Metabolite Biometrics for the Differentiation of Individuals.

Sweat is a biological fluid present on the skin surface of every individual and is known to contain amino acids as well as other low molecular weight compounds.(1) Each individual is inherently different from one another based on certain factors including, but not limited to, his/her genetic makeup, environment, and lifestyle. As such, the biochemical composition of each person greatly differs. The concentrations of the biochemical content within an individual’s sweat are largely controlled by metabolic processes within the body that fluctuate regularly based on attributes such as age, sex, and activity level. Therefore, the concentrations of these sweat components are person-specific and can be exploited, as presented here, to differentiate individuals based on trace amounts of sweat. For this concept, we analyzed three model compounds—lactate, urea, and glutamate. The average absorbance change from each compound in sweat was determined using three separate bioaffinity-based systems: lactate oxidase coup...
Bile Spillage as a Risk Factor for Surgical Site Infection after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Prospective Study of 1,001 Patients

Background Bile spillage (BS) occurs frequently during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, yet its impact on postoperative outcomes remains unknown. We hypothesized that BS increases the risk of surgical site infections (SSI) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Study Design Patients older than 18, who were admitted to an academic hospital for a laparoscopic (or laparoscopic converted to open) cholecystectomy, from May 2010 to March 2017, were prospectively included. Open cholecystectomies were excluded. Patients were assessed clinically during hospitalization and 2 to 4 weeks after discharge. We compared those who had BS during the operation with those who did not. Our primary endpoint was the rate of SSI. Stepwise logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of SSI. Results Of 1,001 patients, 49.9% underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis, 20.9% for symptomatic cholelithiasis or biliary colic, 12.8% for gallstone pancreatitis, and 16.4% for other indications. Bile was spilled intraoperatively in 591 patients (59.0%), with hydrops noted in 10.5% and empyema in 14.6% of them. In 202 (20.2%) patients, BS was accompanied by stone spillage. Patients with BS were older (median age of 52 vs 42, p 2 were independent predictors of SSI (odds ratios: 2.29, 2.46, and 2.1 respectively, p Conclusions Bile spillage is associated with SSI, and surgeons should take extra caution to avoid it during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
On Min–Max Pair in Tournaments

Let T be a tournament of order $$n\ge 3$$ . A pair of distinct vertices x, y of T is called a min–max pair if one of x and y is of minimum out-degree, while the other is of maximum out-degree. Let xy be an arc such that x, y is a min–max pair. We call xy a min–max arc if x has minimum out-degree, and max–min arc otherwise. We prove that if yx is a min–max arc, then there exists a hamiltonian path from x to y; if xy is a max–min arc, then there exists a hamiltonian path from x to y with the exception of a few cases.
Enlist E3™ Soybean Sensitivity and Enlist™ Herbicide-Based Program Control of Sumatran Fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis)

Enlist E3™ soybean, resistant to 2,4-D, glufosinate, and glyphosate, provides options to control glyphosate-resistant Sumatran fleabane before planting and in crop. Twenty field trials were conducted in Argentina to determine Enlist E3 soybean sensitivity to POST applications of 2,4-D choline glyphosate or glufosinate. Maximum injury from a single 2,4-D choline glyphosate application at 1X (1140 1140 g ae ha-1) and 2X rate was 4% and 13%, respectively, at 3 days after treatment in the temperate Humid Pampa region. Slightly higher injury of 11 and 23% was observed in sub-tropical region of northern Argentina. Injury was transient with recovery occurring within 14 days. Injury caused by sequential applications was equivalent to that caused by single applications. Soybean yield was not affected by single nor sequential applications. In four trials, control programs containing 2,4-D choline glyphosate applied PRE and POST provided greater GR Sumatran fleabane control and a 12 to 26% increase in yield compared to 2,4-D choline glyphosate applied at PRE only. This research demonstrates the glyphosate-resistant control programs that include 2,4-D choline, glyphosate, and glufosinate provide excellent GR Sumatran fleabane control.Nomenclature: 2,4-D choline; glufosinate; glyphosate; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr; Sumatran fleabane, Conyza sumatrensis (Retz.) E. H. Walker
What is a Women's Issue? Bankruptcy, Commercial Law, and Other Gender-Neutral Topics

A number of political issues have become publicly identified as women's issues, actively promoted by women's groups and supported by politicians eager to portray themselves as supporters of women. By contrast, some issues are gender-neutral, such as economic or business issues that are of no special concern to any gender-based constituency. The 2002 bankruptcy bill, advanced by the consumer credit industry as its highest legislative priority, features a number of provisions that would fall especially hard on households headed by women and on women with children. Far more women will be affected by changes in the bankruptcy bill than almost any other legislation pending in Washington in the past several years, yet the bill has not become a rallying point for those committed to equal justice and fairness for women. Why? This essay explores how some issues become "women's issues," while bankruptcy remains low on the agenda of most politically active women's groups.
Optimizing dendritic cell-based approaches for cancer immunotherapy.

Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen-presenting cells uniquely suited for cancer immunotherapy. They induce primary immune responses, potentiate the effector functions of previously primed T-lymphocytes, and orchestrate communication between innate and adaptive immunity. The remarkable diversity of cytokine activation regimens, DC maturation states, and antigen-loading strategies employed in current DC-based vaccine design reflect an evolving, but incomplete, understanding of optimal DC immunobiology. In the clinical realm, existing DC-based cancer immunotherapy efforts have yielded encouraging but inconsistent results. Despite recent U.S. Federal and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of DC-based sipuleucel-T for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, clinically effective DC immunotherapy as monotherapy for a majority of tumors remains a distant goal. Recent work has identified strategies that may allow for more potent “next-generation” DC vaccines. Additionally, multimodality approaches incorporating DC-based immunotherapy may improve clinical outcomes.
Autonomic Secure HPC Architecture Against Power Attacks

High Performance Computing (HPC) systems are enabling broad computing capabilities across scientific simulations, data analytics, and machine learning. Such HPC systems are composed of high-end compute elements (CPUs, accelerators, co-processors…) to handle high throughput and high parallelism, which results in significant power consumption. However, the power infrastructures built for such systems are proportionately older and may not be built to sustain system's peak power for extensive periods of time. Therefore, innovative power management schemes are used to allocate power across all system's components within a given power limit. HPC power management systems regulate resources' power within budget constraints and the overall system's power limit. Failing not to limit system's power consumption can result in operational failures that can bring down the whole system. Additionally, system reliability would be compromised under extensive computational system power and temperature. In addition to power consumption, possible attack scenarios can cause reliability issues where the attackers can manipulate the reported data of the measured power that is used for power management, which in turn can misguide the schedulers or can assign tasks that will result in exceeding the power limits, leading to system failures. Hence, intrusion detection systems (IDS) for power attacks are extremely important. This paper presents a framework for power attack IDS and describe each steps to be taken.
Surgical Treatment of Recurrent Previously Coiled and/or Stent-Coiled Intracerebral Aneurysms: A Single-Center Experience in a Series of 75 Patients.

Background Endovascular treated cerebral aneurysms have a greater recurrence rate compared with microsurgical clip ligation. Despite recent endovascular advances, microsurgical clip ligation might be the treatment of choice for certain previously endovascular treated recurrent aneurysms. We report on our single-center experience with 76 previously coiled and/or stent-coiled aneurysms. Objective To analyze the surgical and radiologic outcome after clipping of previous endovascular treated recurrent cerebral aneurysms. Methods Patients were retrospectively identified. Demographic data, aneurysm size, location, perioperative coil extraction, occlusion rate, and complication rate were recorded. Patients were divided into a previously coiled-only group (COG) and a previously stent-assisted coiled group (SAC). Results Seventy-five patients with 76 aneurysms were included. Sixty-nine patients were included in the COG, 7 patients in the SAC group. Complete or acceptable near-complete occlusion was obtained in 95% of patients in the COG and 57% in the SAC group. Two patients in the COG (2.9%) died postoperatively of a major stroke. One patient died of rehemorrhage after wrapping of an aneurysm. Minor complications occurred in 8.7%. In the SAC group, the mortality was 0%, with 1 major stroke (14.2%), 1 minor stroke (14.2%), and 1 cranial nerve palsy (14.2%). Intraoperative coil extraction and previous stent-assisted coiling were significant predictors of complication rate (P = 0.025 and P = 0.0036 respectively). Previous stent-assisted coiling was a significant predictor of incomplete occlusion (P = 0.036). Conclusions Microsurgical clipping of previously endovascular treated recurrent aneurysms is an effective treatment with high obliteration rates. Previously stent-assisted coiling and intraoperative coil extraction are predictors of worse outcome and incomplete occlusion.
The impact of the Hospital Elder Life Program on the treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria: An unexpected benefit

Abstract Delirium in older adults is often inappropriately attributed to presumed urinary tract infections (UTIs) leading to unnecessary prescribing of antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria. We sought to examine whether implementation of the Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP), a delirium prevention program, reduced the inappropriate treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria. We conducted a secondary data analysis of administrative data and electronic health records on a descriptive study in which HELP was implemented at an academic community hospital. Patients aged 70 and older admitted before HELP was implemented (n = 687) were compared to the intervention group after HELP implementation (n = 637). HELP intervention participants, compared to pre-intervention patients, were less likely to receive inappropriate treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria (3.0% versus 6.7%, adjusted odds ratio=0.46, 95% confidence interval=0.26–0.79, P = 0.005). HELP was associated with a reduction in the treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria. Therefore, HELP may decrease adverse events and costs related to unnecessary exposure to antibiotics.
Cost Comparison of Elective Invasive Procedures between Elderly and Non-Elderly Patients at an Academic Medical Center

The objective of this study was to determine whether a correlation exists between patient age and hospital expenditures for common complex elective surgical procedures. Hospital charges at an urban academic medical center were categorized by diagnosis related group (DRG) and separated into two cohorts based on patient age (≥65 years old and <65 years old). The costliest elective procedures were identified and the average total hospital cost per procedure was calculated for each group. A Student t-test was performed to compare the average cost per procedure in each cohort and a linear regression model was performed to assess whether a linear correlation existed between patient age and cost per case. Among the costliest elective procedures identified, major elective cardiovascular, spine, and intestinal procedures were costlier in patients ≥65 years. Major transplantation, vascular procedures, and joint replacement surgery were not costlier. Further, none of the identified procedures demonstrated a linear correlation between patient age and cost per case. This finding, combined with other outcome measures, may allow us to re-examine the age limits for these complex procedures.
Observations of Restratification after a Wind Mixing Event in a Shallow Highly Stratified Estuary

In stratified estuaries susceptible to wind mixing events, the changes in stratification have important implications for estuarine dynamics. Understanding the timescale associated with these mixing events and indirect wind impacts is dependent on estimating the restratification timescale. Bay-wide stratification observations, turbulence time series, and long-term data were examined to quantify the response mechanisms and restratification times in Mobile Bay. Observations showed moderate increases in stratification occurred over 2–3 days after the mixing event and were spatially variable. Turbulence data and model results that further highlight the period of returning stratification had changes in the relative contribution of tidal straining and gravitational exchange for the residual circulation in the estuary. Estimates of dissipation for the two ADVs averaged 2.6–3.1 × 10−5 m2 s−3 prior to the mixing event and increased to 1.4–8.5 × 10−4 m2 s−3 after the mixing event. These changes showed with increasing stratification; the turbulent dissipation decreased. These results highlight initial high returns in stratification are slowed over time as the exchange and mixing in the bay develop, and stratification returns to its premixed state.
Gefitinib Inhibits Invasion and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma via Inhibition of Macrophage Receptor Interacting Serine-Threonine Kinase 2

Most patients with osteosarcoma have subclinical pulmonary micrometastases at diagnosis. Mounting evidence suggests that macrophages facilitate metastasis. As the EGFR has been implicated in carcinoma-macrophage cross-talk, in this study, we asked whether gefitinib, an EGFR inhibitor, reduces osteosarcoma invasion and metastatic outgrowth using the K7M2-Balb/c syngeneic murine model. Macrophages enhanced osteosarcoma invasion in vitro, which was suppressed by gefitinib. Oral gefitinib inhibited tumor extravasation in the lung and reduced the size of metastatic foci, resulting in reduced metastatic burden. Gefitinib also altered pulmonary macrophage phenotype, increasing MHCII and decreasing CD206 expression compared with controls. Surprisingly, these effects are mediated through inhibition of macrophage receptor interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2), rather than EGFR. Supporting this, lapatinib, a highly specific EGFR inhibitor that does not inhibit RIPK2, had no effect on macrophage-promoted invasion, and RIPK2-/- macrophages failed to promote invasion. The selective RIPK2 inhibitor WEHI-345 blocked tumor cell invasion in vitro and reduced metastatic burden in vivo In conclusion, our results indicate that gefitinib blocks macrophage-promoted invasion and metastatic extravasation by reprogramming macrophages through inhibition of RIPK2.
A meta-model of cybersecurity curriculums: Assessing cybersecurity curricular frameworks for business schools

Business schools can meet the increasingly multidisciplinary requirements of training cybersecurity professionals. But in developing curriculums, they face different cybersecurity curricular framew...
Autoradiographic studies on the growth and development of the lens capsule in the rat.

Growth of the rat lens capsule was analyzed by autoradiography, following injection of S5 Ssulfate or 3 H-glycine. Although growth was most rapid in young animals, it continued well into adulthood, accompanied by the development of increasing regional variations in thickness. Capsular labeling toith both precursors paralleled these dimensional changes, being highest in young animals and greater in regions which thickened most rapidly, with one exception: ss S-sidfate was heavily incorporated into the capstde at the site of attachment of the suspensory ligament, which was not a site of preferential thickening. A strong staining reaction for acid mucopolysaccharides icas obtained in this zone, suggesting that the localized concentration of S5 S may reflect a regional difference in composition of the capsule. The labeled precursors were initially incorporated by the superficial cells of the lens, and subsequently transferred to the capsule, indicating that the capsule was a product of the subjacent cells. Thickening of the capsule gradually displaced the radioactivity outward, away from the cells, due to the deposition of new capsular material on the inner surface. This lamellar mode of apposition may be related to the lamellated fine structure of the capsule.
Dextrose Prolotherapy to Treat Pain, Improve Activities of Daily Living, and Improve Quality of Life in an Ewing's Sarcoma Patient Following Radiation and Chemotherapy Treatment.

Advances in the treatment and survival of Ewing's sarcoma patients create a need to treat underlying symptoms that limit activities of daily living and quality of life. This case describes the treatment of pain in a 25-year-old female pediatric nurse with Ewing's sarcoma of the pelvis that was in remission following radiation and chemotherapy. She reported medication side effects and limitations in her activities of daily living and quality of life with the chronic use of topical and oral pain medications. A dextrose prolotherapy approach was used to treat her pain, which allowed her to discontinue her pain medication regimen, resulting in an improvement in her activities of daily living and quality of life. The improvement was sustained at the three-year follow-up after the last procedure.
The wellspring of creativity? Using divergent‐thinking tasks to understand creative characteristics

Creativity and innovation go hand in hand, and understanding sources of creativity will expand organizational innovative capacity. This study explores the impact that characteristics have on creativity using divergent‐thinking experiments. I hypothesize that their influence stems from their effect on the experiences individuals acquire throughout life based on preferences, opportunities, and constraints. I find that gender, socioeconomic background, and exposure to other cultures are associated with personal experiences. In turn, experience is positively associated with greater creativity. I also explore creative style and its impact on creativity and find that having an experimental creative style positively correlates with creativity.
Monitoring the opioid epidemic via social media discussions

The opioid epidemic persists in the United States; in 2019, annual drug overdose deaths increased by 4.6% to 70,980, including 50,042 opioid-related deaths. The widespread abuse of opioids across geographies and demographics and the rapidly changing dynamics of abuse require reliable and timely information to monitor and address the crisis. Social media platforms include petabytes of participant-generated data, some of which, offers a window into the relationship between individuals and their use of drugs. We assessed the utility of Reddit data for public health surveillance, with a focus on the opioid epidemic. We built a natural language processing pipeline to identify opioid-related comments and created a cohort of 1,689,039 geo-located Reddit users, each assigned to a city and state. We followed these users over a period of 10+ years and measured their opioid-related activity over time. We benchmarked the activity of this cohort against CDC overdose death rates for different drug classes and NFLIS drug report rates. Our Reddit-derived rates of opioid discussion strongly correlated with external benchmarks on the national, regional, and city level. During the period of our study, kratom emerged as an active discussion topic; we analyzed mentions of kratom to understand the dynamics of its use. We also examined changes in opioid discussions during the COVID-19 pandemic; in 2020, many opioid classes showed marked increases in discussion patterns. Our work suggests the complementary utility of social media as a part of public health surveillance activities.
Assessing Competency in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Residency: the ACGME Milestones Initiative.

The ACGME milestones initiative promises to improve the process of assessing medical resident competency by providing, throughout the course of residency training, systematic, comprehensive, and specialty-specific evaluation of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Education’s six clinical competencies.
Peer Feedback in Anonymous Peer Review in an EFL Writing Class in Spain.

The present study reports the results of a process of peer feedback through anonymous peer review in an EFL writing class. Numerous studies have reported on the benefits of peer review (PR) in the ESL/EFL writing classroom. However, the literature also identifies social issues that can negatively affect the outcome of face-to-face PR. In this study, twenty-five students were enrolled in an expository writing class in an Intensive English Program (IEP) of a private, American university in Madrid, Spain, where they attended 25 contact hours of English per week and experienced anonymous, or blind, peer review (PR). It was hoped that removing social interferences would force the participants to focus on the type and number of corrections they made to an unknown classmate’s essay and as well as increase the type and number of corrections s/he incorporates into her/his original essay. Results indicate that writers accepted most of the changes proposed by the PR process (70%), an acceptance rate unprecedented in other studies.
Magnetic Substorm Characteristics Described by Magnetic Potential Maps for 26 – 28 March 1976

Magnetograms of ground-based geomagnetic variation are a useful, yet cumbersome data source for substorm studies. In this study geomagnetic variations from 52 northern hemisphere observatories are used to create magnetic potential contour plots representing so called “equivalent ionospheric current” systems. Contour plots of 10 isolated and storm-time substorms for 26 – 28 March 1976 demonstrate the dynamic behavior of the westward and eastward electrojets in the auroral zone. Substorms may be ordered by the preferred longitude of the dominant westward electrojet during their main phase and fall into three categories, morning, evening and midnight, which may occur simultaneously or independently. During recovery of these ten substorms the westward electrojet is always in the morning sector.
Toward new communication paradigms to enhance cognitive and learning processes

The evolution of technologies is making available new devices that allow designing enriched interaction environments between humans and computers. New technological tools, such as multimodal platforms, can be used to enhance cognitive and learning processes. This paper introduces a new paradigm that includes different characteristics of the human-human communication, such as emotions, aesthetics, presence perception, and semantic communication that, usually, are not considered in the human computer communication. Moreover, it provides a gaming application scenario and the description of an Advanced Multimodal Platform for game-based Learning.
Electrostatic charging of the Mars Pathfinder rover and charging phenomena on the planet Mars

While the Mars Pathfinder rover was being developed, laboratory tests and calculations predicted that it would accumulate a sizable electrostatic charge as it moved over the Martian surface. The result could be a sustained Paschen discharge through the Martian atmosphere. Consequently, a recommendation was implemented to add discharge points as a precaution against charging, and, subsequently, to modify rover on-board electronics. This paper contains a summary of the Pathfinder charging work, then goes on to advance preliminary arguments supporting the general occurrence of electric charging and discharge phenomena on Mars, and to recommend instruments that might be sent to Mars to observe and measure these phenomena.
Cyclooxygenase-1 mediates prostaglandin E2 elevation and contextual memory impairment in a model of sustained hippocampal interleukin-1β expression

Interleukin (IL)-1beta is a proinflammatory cytokine implicated in several neurodegenerative disorders. Downstream actions of IL-1beta include production of prostaglandin (PG) E(2) by increasing expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes and prostaglandin E synthase (PGES) isoforms. We recently developed a transgenic mouse carrying a dormant human IL-1beta eXcisional Activation Transgene (XAT) for conditional and chronic up-regulation of IL-1beta in selected brain regions. This model is characterized by regionally specific glial activation, immune cell recruitment, and induction of cytokines and chemokines. Here, we aimed to elucidate the effects of long-term IL-1beta expression on the PGE(2) synthetic pathway and to determine the effects of PGs on inflammation and memory in our model. As expected, PGE(2) levels were significantly elevated after IL-1beta up-regulation. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated significant induction of mRNAs for COX-1 and membranous PGES-1, but not COX-2 or other PGES isoforms. Immunohistochemistry revealed elevation of COX-1 but no change in COX-2 following sustained IL-1beta production. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of COX-1 and use of COX-1 knockout mice abrogated IL-1beta-mediated PGE(2) increases. Although COX-1 deficient mice did not present a dramatically altered neuroinflammatory phenotype, they did exhibit improved contextual fear memory. This data suggests a unique role for COX-1 in mediating chronic neuroinflammatory effects through PGE(2) production.
Hand steadiness during unrestricted linear arm movements.

Factors influencing hand steadiness were investigated in 66 subjects performing unrestricted linear arm movements. Results demonstrated that most hand tremor occurs in the up-down plane, with right-left and in-out tremor occurring less frequently. In addition, arm movements made by subjects viewing a target by means of a mirror were found to produce more errors than those made by direct viewing. Other literature is cited, and implications are discussed for the utility of a hand-steadiness procedure in dental practice.
Anomalous electron-spin relaxation in amorphous silicon.

Dangling-bond electron-paramagnetic-resonance spectra and relaxation rates have been measured in the (0.3\char21{}4)-K temperature range on samples of amorphous silicon produced by sputtering, vacuum evaporation, and ion implantation of silicon, argon, neon, oxygen, and nitrogen into crystalline silicon. Intensity measurements of the dangling-bond resonance associated with silicon made amorphous by Si implantation suggest that the Curie temperature is essentially zero (0\ensuremath{\le}\ensuremath{\Theta}\ensuremath{\le}0.03 K) for temperatures down to 0.4 K. The relaxation rates follow unusual temperature dependencies that cannot be explained on the basis of conventional spin-phonon interactions. Instead, the relaxation rates obey a simple ${T}^{n}$ power law in temperature where n falls within two ranges: 2.09\char21{}2.36 and 3.26\char21{}3.47. A comparison of rates at microwave frequencies of 9.3 and 16.5 GHz indicates no magnetic field dependence. A relaxation model involving spin coupling to a distribution of two-level states is consistent with the observed ${T}^{n}$ dependence.
Pathways to adolescent substance use among sexually abused girls

This study examined the link between childhood sexual abuse and adolescent substance use among girls, and evaluated depressive self-concept and behavioral under-control (BUC) as pathways to substance use for sexually abused girls. Participants (n = 150) were drawn from a longitudinal study of the impact of domestic violence on the lives of women and children. Structural equation modeling revealed that girls' childhood sexual abuse was associated prospectively with their later substance use. This relationship persisted when age, co-occurring forms of child abuse (physical, exposure to domestic violence), childhood depression and aggression, family income, maternal substance use, and parenting practices were controlled. Behavioral under-control mediated the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and later substance use, but depressive self-concept did not. Implications, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.
Radiographic System Considerations With The Use Of Rare Earth Screens

The use of rare earth screens in diagnostic radiology results in new complexity. However, there is increased radiographic flexibility and diagnostic yield. Magnification techniques are enhanced and patient motion is minimized. The system considerations include higher ratio stationary grids, very fast exposure timing, smaller focal spot tubes and flat table tops. However, the nonlinearity of automatic exposure controls is a problem with the new phosphors and demands close attention.© (1976) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Implicit and explicit conceptual memory following frontal lobe damage

In two experiments, the performance of patients with frontal lobe lesions was examined on implicit and explicit tests of conceptual memory for organized lists of words. Frontal patients exhibited normal levels of conceptual priming on implicit category production and free association tests, but they exhibited impaired memory performance on explicit category-and associate-cued recall tests. The findings of normal performance on implicit conceptual tests suggest that frontal patients do not have a basic deficit in semantic processing of individual items. Impaired performance on explicit cued recall tests may be related to deficits in the use of organizational encoding and strategic retrieval processes.
Neuroimaging in Psychiatry: Approaching the Puzzle as a Piece of the Bigger Picture(s)

Neuroscience and the use of both assessment and interventional neurotechnologies are being increasingly regarded as viable techniques and tools within psychiatric research and practice. As Martha F...
Axion Dark Matter and Cosmological Parameters

We observe that photon cooling after big bang nucleosynthesis but before recombination can remove the conflict between the observed and theoretically predicted value of the primordial abundance of ^{7}Li. Such cooling is ordinarily difficult to achieve. However, the recent realization that dark matter axions form a Bose-Einstein condensate provides a possible mechanism because the much colder axions may reach thermal contact with the photons. This proposal predicts a high effective number of neutrinos as measured by the cosmic microwave anisotropy spectrum.
Subthermocline Eddies over the Washington Continental Slope as Observed by Seagliders, 2003–09

AbstractIn the California Current System, subthermocline, lenslike anticyclonic eddies generated within the California Undercurrent (CU) are one mechanism for lateral transport of the warm, saline waters of the CU. Garfield et al. established the name “Cuddies” for eddies of this type and hypothesized that they account for a significant fraction of the offshore transport of CU water. This study presents observations of subthermocline eddies collected from a time series of Seaglider surveys in the northern California Current System. Gliders made 46 crossings of subthermocline anticyclones and 17 crossings of subthermocline cyclones over 5.5 yr. Close inspection grouped these into 20 distinct anticyclones and 10 distinct cyclones. Water properties at the core of anticyclonic eddies were similar to those in the core of the CU over the continental slope; these anticyclones are examples of Cuddies. Anticyclonic (cyclonic) eddies had average radii of 20.4 (20.6) km, peak azimuthal current speeds of 0.25 (0.23) ...
Outer Membrane Permeability and Antibiotic Resistance

To date most antibiotics are targeted at intracellular processes, and must be able to penetrate the bacterial cell envelope. In particular, the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria provides a formidable barrier that must be overcome. There are essentially two pathways that antibiotics can take through the outer membrane: a lipid-mediated pathway for hydrophobic antibiotics, and general diffusion porins for hydrophilic antibiotics. The lipid and protein compositions of the outer membrane have a strong impact on the sensitivity of bacteria to many types of antibiotics, and drug resistance involving modifications of these macromolecules is common. This review will describe the molecular mechanisms for permeation of antibiotics through the outer membrane, and the strategies that bacteria have deployed to resist antibiotics by modifications of these pathways.
Melting and crystallization in Ni nanoclusters: The mesoscale regime

We studied melting and freezing of Ni nanoclusters with up to 8007 atoms ~5.7 nm! using molecular dynamics with the quantum-Sutten‐Chen many-body force field. We find a transition from cluster or molecular behavior below ;500 atoms to a mesoscale nanocrystal regime ~well-defined bulk and surface properties! above ;750 atoms ~2.7 nm!. We find that the mesoscale nanocrystals melt via surface processes, leading to Tm,N5Tm,bulk2aN 21/3 , dropping from Tm,bulk51760 K to Tm,336 5980 K. Cooling from the melt leads first to supercooled clusters with icosahedral local structure. For N.400 the supercooled clusters transform to FCC grains, but smaller values of N lead to a glassy structure with substantial icosahedral character. © 2001 American Institute of Physics. @DOI: 10.1063/1.1373664#
An Energetic Particle Detector for a Synchronous Satellite

The Energetic Particle Detector (EP) on the DSP satellites consists of four units designed to measure the electron, proton and alpha particle populations at synchronous altitude. The Lo E and Hi E units are sensitive to electrons in the 30-300 keV and 0.2-2 MeV energy ranges respectively; the Lo P and Hi P units to protons between 100-500 keV and 0.5-150 MeV respectively. Five Lo E sensors are arranged at angles of 0°, ± 30°, and ± 60° with respect to the spacecraft equator in order to measure the three-dimensional angular distribution of the low energy electrons as the satellite spins. All detectors are silicon semiconductors with well collimated fields of view. The Hi P unit is a telescope of three detector elements which can also measure alpha particles in the energy range 1.2 to 600 MeV upon command.
The singularity is not near: slowing growth of Wikipedia

Prior research on Wikipedia has characterized the growth in content and editors as being fundamentally exponential in nature, extrapolating current trends into the future. We show that recent editing activity suggests that Wikipedia growth has slowed, and perhaps plateaued, indicating that it may have come against its limits to growth. We measure growth, population shifts, and patterns of editor and administrator activities, contrasting these against past results where possible. Both the rate of page growth and editor growth has declined. As growth has declined, there are indicators of increased coordination and overhead costs, exclusion of newcomers, and resistance to new edits. We discuss some possible explanations for these new developments in Wikipedia including decreased opportunities for sharing existing knowledge and increased bureaucratic stress on the socio-technical system itself.