cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cartilage grafting in nasal reconstruction

Nasal reconstruction after resection for cutaneous malignancies poses a unique challenge to facial plastic surgeons. The nose, a unique 3-D structure, not only must remain functional but also be aesthetically pleasing to patients. A complete understanding of all the layers of the nose and knowledge of available cartilage grafting material is necessary. Autogenous material, namely septal, auricular, and costal cartilage, is the most favored material in a free cartilage graft or a composite cartilage graft. All types of material have advantages and disadvantages that should guide the most appropriate selection to maximize the functional and cosmetic outcomes for patients.
Design and implementation of a general-purpose input routine

A general-purpose input routine is discussed and advocated for FORTRAN. The philosophy of such programs is examined and exemplified.
Rules in Organizational Context: Narcotics Law Enforcement in Two Settings*

Studies of organizational action tend to isolate actors, structures, and goals as if they were not concretely interdigitated in organizational conduct. In many cases, actors are omitted as relevant units of analysis; goals are stated as abstracted entities unrelated to complex collective processes of defining, clarifying and evaluating goal-attainment, and often rules are not studied as continuously negotiated through and by interaction. Unless a close analysis of how broadly defined rules emerge as narrowly defined procedures sanctioned as reasonable and proper conduct is undertaken, the assumptive nature of the concept “bureaucracy” is left unexamined, operates invisibly, and thus impedes sociological analysis. This paper, based on fieldwork and interviews in three police organizations, identifies the processes by which an abstract organizational goal is defined, deferred to and becomes actionable. The organizational contexts of the two narcotics enforcement units (from which most of the data presented here are derived) embed the rules said to guide the pursuit of major violators of narcotics laws and systematically make certain aspects of the work either visible or obscure. Thus, some members are exposed to negative sanctioning while others experience positive sanctioning. This suggests that since the context of rules, not the rules themselves, nor the rules about the rules (so characteristic of formal organizations), determine the consequential (i.e., actionable) meanings of acts, situated interactions, accounts and shared understandings should be examined in the sociological analysis of organizations.
Results of a Nation-Wide Survey Evaluating Psychotropic Medication Use in Fragile X Syndrome

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited cause of mental retardation. The behavioral phenotype associated with FXS includes hyperactivity, anxiety, and sometimes problem behaviors for which stimulants, antipsychotics, and SSRI antidepressants are prescribed. Little information, however, is known about the side effects individuals with FXS may experience as a result of taking these medications. Using a nation-wide survey, this study examined the prescription patterns of psychotropic medication use within the FXS population and the prevalence of side effects associated with psychotropic medication use by people diagnosed with FXS. Significant associations were found between the most commonly prescribed medications and side effects for our total sample. These findings give insight to the different dimensions of medication use in people diagnosed with FXS.
Sweat Ethanol Concentrations are Highly Correlated with Co‐Existing Blood Values in Humans

SUMMARY This study compared the concentration of ethanol, both absolute and relative to water content, in sweat and blood. Ten male volunteers consumed approximately 13 mmol (kg body weight)−1 of ethanol. Blood and sweat samples were collected approximately 1, 2 and 3 h following ingestion. Sweat was collected following pilocarpine iontophoresis using an anaerobic technique that prevented ethanol evaporation. In addition, the water content of sweat and blood samples was determined. The correlation between sweat and blood ethanol, expressed in mmol l−1, was r= 0.98. The slope of the relationship was 0.81. When corrected for the water content in each sample, and expressed as mmoles per litre of water, the correlation remained very high (r= 0.97) while the slope increased to 1.01. These results suggest that rapid and complete equilibrium of ethanol occurs across the sweat gland epithelium.
Femoral component loosening in hip arthroplasty Cadaver study of subsidence and hoop strain

To aid in understanding loosening following cemented total hip arthroplasty, we conducted a cadaver study of the proximal femur with implanted cobalt-chromium and titanium femoral components of recent design, loaded through the head of the prosthesis. Stem subsidence and strain in the proximal femur were measured. After proximal support of the implant collar was removed, we found that cobalt-chromium implants had a greater tendency to subside than titanium implants. Subsidence of a femoral component within the cement mantle caused an increase in tensile hoop strain measured in the proximal cortex. When implants were loaded until failure of the cortex, a direct relationship between increase in subsidence and increase in cortical hoop strain was demonstrated. Our data show that implants that resist subsidence into the cement mantle tend to decrease hoop strains in the proximal femoral cortex.
Ochratoxicosis in the Broiler Chicken

Abstract Graded doses of ochratoxin (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 μg./g.) incorporated into the feed of broiler chickens from hatching until three weeks of age resulted in a decreased growth rate, enlarged kidney, crop, proventriculus, gizzard, and liver, while the bursa of Fabricius was regressed and the sizes of the heart, spleen, and pancreas were unaffected. The most sensitive indicators of ochratoxicosis were reduced growth rate and enlarged kidneys which occurred at doses as small as 1.0 μg./g. The determination of LD50 values indicated that three-week old chickens (3.60 ± 0:57 mg./kg.) were more resistant than day old chickens (2.14 ± 0.37 mg./kg.). Observation of birds dying from acute ochratoxicosis revealed a progression of symptoms from listlessness, huddling, diarrhea, tremors and other nerual abnormalities, prostration, to death which occurred 22 to 25 hours after a single oral dose of 16 mg./kg. was given. Necropsy of these birds revealed food in the crop, proventriculus and gizzard. The lower intestine was empty of its normal contents. Petechiae of the papillae of proventriculus, slight gizzard erosions, and paleness of the liver, pancreas, and especially the kidney were the only gross pathological lesions noted. On the basis of LD50 dose and minimal growth inhibitory concentration, ochratoxin appears to be the most potent mycotoxin studied in chickens.
Thyroid hormone modulates renin and ANG II receptor expression in fetal sheep

Fetal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity is developmentally regulated, increasing in late gestation toward term. At the same time, fetal hemodynamic parameters change, with blood pressure incr...
Investigation of interfacial delamination of a copper-epoxy interface under monotonic and cyclic loading: experimental characterization

Interfacial delamination is of important concern for multilayered microelectronic packaging structures, as it is one of the most common failures observed in microelectronic packages. To predict interfacial delamination propagation under both static and cyclic loading, one needs to characterize interfacial properties. Key parameters for characterizing an interface include interfacial fracture toughness, interfacial fracture resistance, onset of delamination from an initial interface crack, and fatigue crack propagation (FCP) rate. The objective of this study is to experimentally investigate the interfacial properties of a copper-epoxy interface. Such an interface is one of the most common features seen in multilayered integrated substrates. Amenable to thin film process, sandwich double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens have been designed and fabricated in clean-room environment. Standard tensile tests have been preformed for determining the interfacial fracture toughness and, with monitoring the crack length against the applied force, interfacial fracture resistance. Fatigue tests have also been conducted in studying the onset of delamination from an interfacial delamination starter and the follow-up fatigue crack propagation (FCP) of an interfacial crack along the copper-epoxy interface.
An event-based comparison of two types of automated-recording, weighing bucket rain gauges

[1] A multiyear comparison of two types of automated-recording, weighing bucket rain gauges was conducted using precipitation data collected at the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service's Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in southeastern Arizona. The comparison was part of the conversion of all rain gauges on the watershed from an analog-recording, mechanical-weighing rain gauge to a data logger controlled, digital-recording, electronic-weighing rain gauge with radiotelemetry. This comparison applied to nine pairs of analog and digital rain gauges that were in coincident operation during a 5-year period, 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2004. This study found that (1) high errors in event intensities may be produced when analog charts are digitized at short time intervals; (2) dual digital rain gauges recorded precipitation equivalently; (3) for several different measures of precipitation, the analog and digital data were equivalent; and (4) implications for the rainfall-runoff model, Kinematic and Erosion Runoff model (KINEROS), showed a limited but significant effect in modeled runoff due to differences between analog and digital rain gauge input precipitation intensities. This study provided a useful analysis for long-term rain gauge networks that have recently converted, or will soon convert, from analog to digital technology. Understanding these differences and similarities will benefit interpretation of the combined long-term precipitation record and provide insights into the impacts on hydrologic modeling.
Activated carbon adsorption of humic substances: II. Size exclusion and electrostatic interactions

Abstract The activated carbon adsorption isotherms for a wide range of humic substance molecular size (MS) fractions display an inverse dependence on MS, when expressed on an adsorbent mass basis. However, normalizing the amount adsorbed on the basis of available adsorbent surface area accounts for the size exclusion behavior displayed by the MS fractions, resulting in convergence of their isotherms. The available surface area was calculated by relating the hydrodynamic size of the macromolecules to the adsorbent pore size. The effects of adsorbent charge and solution ionic strength conform to adsorption electrostatic principles when the isotherms are expressed on an available surface area basis. Adsorbents with progressively more positively charged surfaces adsorb more of the negatively charged humic substances. Increasing solution ionic strength suppresses adsorption by a positively charged adsorbent and enhances the adsorption by a negatively charged adsorbent. The characteristic, two-segment shape of the MS fraction isotherms is interpreted based upon changes in adsorbed macromolecule orientation.
ABSOLUTE MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION OF NITROCELLULOSE

Abstract Being one of the oldest known polymers, nitrocellulose has been the subject of study for over a century. It was initially used solely for military purposes; however, since the end of World War I its usage has expanded into the fiber and coatings industries where it has been a mainstay to the present day [1, 2]. General interest in the molecular weight characterization of nitrocellulose may be classified into two categories. The firstand more obvious reason for the relevance of this parameter is that the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution profoundly influence the properties of the product and affect the processability of the material, For instance, the molecular weight (hence, the viscosity of this material) is one of the most important factors that needs to be considered in the determination of the nonvolatile content in lacquers [21]. The second reason is that it is a soluble derivative of cellulose, for which direct molecular weight determination is problematic due to solubility...
The E3 ubiquitin ligase mind bomb 1 ubiquitinates and promotes the degradation of survival of motor neuron protein

Spinal muscular atrophy is an inherited motor neuron disease that results from a deficiency of the survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein. SMN is ubiquitinated and degraded through the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). We have previously shown that proteasome inhibition increases SMN protein levels, improves motor function, and reduces spinal cord, muscle, and neuromuscular junction pathology of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) mice. Specific targets in the UPS may be more efficacious and less toxic. In this study, we show that the E3 ubiquitin ligase, mind bomb 1 (Mib1), interacts with and ubiquitinates SMN and facilitates its degradation. Knocking down Mib1 levels increases SMN protein levels in cultured cells. Also, knocking down the Mib1 orthologue improves neuromuscular function in Caenorhabditis elegans deficient in SMN. These findings demonstrate that Mib1 ubiquitinates and catalyzes the degradation of SMN, and thus represents a novel therapeutic target for SMA.
Fusogenic Membrane Alterations Induced by Electric Field Pulses

Between 1979 and 1982 a number of papers reported that electric field pulses could induce fusion between two membranes (Senda, et al., 1979; Neumann, et al., 1980; Scheurich et al., 1980; Zimmermann and Scheurich, 1981; and Teissie et al., 1982). Over the next several years additional work led to numerous papers and review articles which showed that electric field-induced fusion (electrofusion) was inducible in a wide variety of cell types (for reviews, see Berg, 1982; Zimmermann, 1982; Berg et al., 1983; Pohl et al., 1984; Hofmann and Evans, 1986; Bates et al., 1987; Sowers and Kapoor, 1987).
Effect of Equilibrium Water Activity on the Bulk Properties of Selected Food Powders

The bulk properties of powdered coffee creamer, infant formula, salt and sucrose at different levels of water activity were characterized by mechanical methods. These included loose bulk density, compressibility, cohesion, % irrecoverable work in compression and asymptotic modulus after stress relaxation. In the crystalline powders the physical characteristics generally followed the pattern established by the moisture content with an apparent critical water activity beyond which changes became drastic. In the creamer and formula which were very cohesive even in the dry form, the changes in bulk properties were generally more gradual. The rheological tests indicated that much of the physical changes in the salt and sucrose powders could be attributed to surface moisture. In the creamer and formula the plasticity of the particles material was also a major factor that affected the bulk behavior.
Gene Networks during Skeletal Myogenesis

Mammalian skeletal muscles are derived from mesoderm segments flanking the embryonic midline. Upon receiving inductive cues from the adjacent neural tube, lateral plate mesoderm, and surface ectoderm, muscle precursors start to delaminate, migrate to their final destinations and proliferate. Muscle precursor cells become committed to the myogenic fate, become differentiated muscle cells, and fuse to form myofibers. Myofibers then fuse together to form the muscle groups. Muscle precursor cells have the ability to proliferate, and differentiate during development, while a subset remains capable of regeneration and repair of local injuries in adulthood. When the process of muscle development is perturbed such as in muscular dystrophies and injuries, ways to intervene and allow for proper muscle development or repair are the focus of regenerative medicine. Thus, understanding the developmental program of muscle at the genetic, cellular, and molecular levels has become a major focus of skeletal muscle regeneration research in the last few years.
Hierarchical Bloom filter arrays (HBA): a novel, scalable metadata management system for large cluster-based storage

An efficient and distributed scheme for file mapping or file lookup scheme is critical in decentralizing metadata management within a group of metadata servers. This work presents a technique called HBA (hierarchical Bloom filter arrays) to map file names to the servers holding their metadata. Two levels of probabilistic arrays, i.e., Bloom filter arrays, with different accuracies are used on each metadata server. One array, with lower accuracy and representing the distribution of the entire metadata, trades accuracy for significantly reduced memory overhead, while the other array, with higher accuracy, caches partial distribution information and exploits the temporal locality of file access patterns. Extensive trace-driven simulations have shown our HBA design to be highly effective and efficient in improving performance and scalability of file systems in clusters with 1,000 to 10,000 nodes (or superclusters).
Personality disorders: Treatment of the nonpsychotic chronic patient

Nonpsychotic chronic patients are troublesome not only because of their psychosocial dysfunction, cognitive and affective impairments, and behavioral problems but also because they fail to meet the expectations of health care providers. All of these conditions can cause problems of interactive fit between these patients and their clinicians.
Mixed Language and Code-Switching in the Canadian Hansard

While there has been lots of interest in code-switching in informal text such as tweets and online content, we ask whether code-switching occurs in the proceedings of multilingual institutions. We focus on the Canadian Hansard, and automatically detect mixed language segments based on simple corpus-based rules and an existing word-level language tagger. Manual evaluation shows that the performance of automatic detection varies significantly depending on the primary language. While 95% precision can be achieved when the original language is French, common words generate many false positives which hurt precision in English. Furthermore, we found that codeswitching does occur within the mixed languages examples detected in the Canadian Hansard, and it might be used differently by French and English speakers. This analysis suggests that parallel corpora such as the Hansard can provide interesting test beds for studying multilingual practices, including code-switching and its translation, and encourages us to collect more gold annotations to improve the characterization and detection of mixed language and code-switching in parallel corpora.
Multiple Window Scan Statistics for Two Dimensional Poisson Processes

In this article, approximations for the distribution of multiple window scan statistics for Poisson Processes on a two dimensional rectangular region are derived, for the conditional and unconditional model. These multiple window scan statistics are based on the minimum of p-values and repeated minimum p-values of fixed window scan statistics. Numerical results are presented to evaluate the performance of these multiple window scan statistics and compare their power with fixed window scan statistics for selected local type alternatives.
Optimal Fault-location Estimation in Distribution Systems with Distributed Generations

Abstract–To enhance the accuracy and reliability of fault-location estimates, an optimal fault-location estimator for power distribution systems with distributed generations is proposed in this article. Voltage and current measurements recorded at certain location/locations, such as power generation sites, are employed to estimate the fault location. The proposed method is able to make the most of available measurements, which may be from one location or multiple locations. Based on optimal estimation theory, the method is able to estimate the fault location, fault resistances, and true value of measurements. A chi-squared test is adopted to detect and identify possible bad measurements for improved estimation results. Evaluation studies based on a sample power distribution system have been carried out. Evaluation studies have demonstrated that the proposed method is effective for obtaining accurate fault-location estimates, as well as detecting and identifying possible bad measurements.
Regional Variation in Business-Government Relations in Russia and China

Explanations for the sharp difference in the economic growth performance of Russia and China under economic reform vary widely. There is a debate over which institutional characteristics are conducive to good growth performance: decentralization and competition among local governments or centralization of control over performance targets. Yet there has been little systematic empirical effort to test the implications of these theories for the behavior of firms. This paper uses data from surveys of firms conducted by the World Bank in 2012 to analyze differences in business–government relations in Russia and China. The findings suggest that differences in levels of administrative decentralization help account for differences in business–government relations in the two countries.
eCommerce security

Internet security has become a consistent and growing problem as new Internet-based technologies and applications are developed. The number of security violation related incidents continues to increase [6]. A reported incident can be as simple as a single computer being compromised or as severe as a complete network compromise involving hundreds of client computers. All Internet content you read, send, and receive carries a risk. The amount of security risks increases at the same time that dependence on information technology grows. This demands the need for a comprehensive security program and makes the job of those persons tasked with network security even harder.
Change in Children's Externalizing and Internalizing Behavior Problems: The Role of Defense Mechanisms

AbstractThis study investigates the relation of defense mechanism to children’s externalizing and internalizing behavior problems, as assessed from mothers’ report at age 9 and 12 years, based on archival data. The defense mechanisms of denial, projection, and identification were assessed from Thema
An Interview with Linda Strause, PhD

This month’s column focuses on the illustrious career of Linda Strause, PhD, who shares her insights on clinical research from a 360-degree perspective, having held numerous roles over the last 30-plus years. ![Figure][1] Q: How did you first become interested in clinical research, and can
STUDY ON DISINFECTION RELATED PROPERTIES OF A COMPOUND POLY HEXAMETHYLENE BIGUANIDE HYDROCHLORIDE DISINFECTANT

Objective To study the disinfection related properties of a poly hexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride disinfectant.Methods Suspensionr quantitative germicidal test and animal toxic experiment were used to observe the germicidal efficacy and the toxicity of the compound disinfectant in laboratory.Results The killing logarithm values of Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the disinfectant solution containing poly hexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride 146 mg/L with 7.5 min contact time were all above 5.00.The killing logarithm value of Candida albicans and by the disinfectant solution containing poly hexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride 146 mg/L with 22.5 min contact time was 2.07.The LD50 of mice acute oral toxicity was 5 000 mg/kg·bw.The disinfectant has slightly-irritating to rabbit eye and mucosa and has medium irritating to rabbit skin.The result of mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocyte micronucleus test was negative.Conclusions The compound poly hexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride disinfectant had good germicidal efficacy to vegetative forms of bacteria.It was low toxicity and has slightly-irritating to rabbit eye and skin.
Teratomas in Children

Teratomas are predominantly tumors of infancy, usually detected during the first two years of life and occurring twice as frequently in male as in female children. Like other tumors of childhood, they often are benign but have serious potentialities of malignancy. The author describes several types of teratomas removed at the Children's Hospital, Louisville. He suggests microscopic diagnosis within 24 to 48 hours after a patient's admission to the hospital, with total excision the only logical procedure.
Direct conversion of CO2 to 3D graphene and its excellent performance for dye-sensitized solar cells with 10% efficiency

The direct conversion of CO2 into important solid materials is one of the most attractive research topics. In this communication, we report an invention, namely, the reaction of CO2 and Na to form three dimensional crape myrtle flower-like graphene with superior properties of a large surface area and high conductivity. Furthermore, the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with the 3D graphene as a counter electrode exhibited a high energy conversion efficiency of 10.1%, which is much higher than that (7.7%) of the DSSC with an expensive Pt counter electrode. This provides a promising method to synthesize electrode materials and a novel approach to utilize a greenhouse gas.
COMPUTATION BY USE OF RECURRENCE FORMULAS

This chapter presents computation by the use of recurrence formulas. The emphasis is on technique and the material is sufficient to enable one to reproduce the coefficients in expansions of Chebyshev polynomials and to derive other similar coefficients as well. There may be a gain in flexibility by computing with the nonhomogeneous equation rather than the equivalent homogeneous equation as the solution so evaluated need not be the minimal solution. For a thorough analytical study of a particular third order nonhomogeneous difference equation which manifests this behavior.
French Interrogative Structures: A New Pedagogical Norm for the 21st-Century Classroom.

This study investigated interrogative structures most frequently used by native speakers of French, in an attempt to reconcile differences between language forms taught in the French as a foreign language classroom and those that are encountered in authentic input. Radio, television, and magazine interviews provided multiple examples of interrogatives in formal spoken contexts. Both yes/no and wh- interrogatives were identified. These were then examined for syntactic structure, the degree to which the interlocutor was implicated (event type), and pragmatic function. Based on these results, recommendations are made for the development of a pedagogical norm for presentation of interrogative structures in the French classroom. This new norm will allow instructors to consider learners’ developmental stages while at the same time mirroring the most frequent interrogative structures used by native speakers of French and observing important communicative and pragmatic distinctions between syntactic forms.
OR36 Defining KIR and HLA class I alleles at highest resolution using next generation sequencing

Aim Combinatorial diversity of KIR and HLA class I alleles directly affects NK cell activity and impacts the outcome of human immune responses to infections, and success in reproduction and transplantation. Therefore it is important to identify genetic variation in these highly polymorphic genes at high resolution. Here we have used our high throughput capture/NGS method to target KIR and HLA class I genes. Methods Libraries were prepared using fragmented genomic DNA samples from 1000 European individuals, 97 IHWG cell lines and 31 family trios from West Africa. After capture of fragments with oligonucleotide probes, the entire KIR locus and HLA class I genes were sequenced to high depth (100×) using Illumina paired-end technology. We also developed a bioinformatics pipeline (PING: Pushing Immunogenetics to the Next Generation) specifically to extract and analyze the KIR-specific reads from any NGS data source. PING attributes sequencing reads to specific KIR genes, determines their copy number by read depth and virtual sequence probes, and then calls high-resolution genotypes. PING also returns information on newly-identified SNPs and recombinant alleles. PING is available as an R package at https://github.com/ . Results The method was validated using data from the 97 IHWG cell lines. KIR gene copy numbers were independently verified by complete correlation with real time PCR, and the allele calls using pyrosequencing and Sanger sequencing. We determined the composition of all the KIR haplotypes represented in the 97 IHWG cells, which are available for reference. PING was further validated by analyzing the 1000 genomes data set for 3DL1/S1 and 3DL2, where we identified and validated 100 novel alleles. This analysis of just two KIR genes doubled the number of known 3DL2 alleles, and showed that 22% of the 1000 Genomes subjects have a novel allele or a structural variant. Subsequently in analyzing the European and African we find few novel HLA class I alleles, but in contrast we find one novel KIR allele per ten individuals. Conclusions The KIR locus is likely to be as diverse as HLA. The method we describe is suited to the large-scale analyses that are needed for characterizing human populations, matching transplant donors with recipients, and defining the precise HLA and KIR factors associated with disease.
Precoding for Multiple Antenna Broadcast Channels with Channel Mismatch

We consider the downlink of a multiuser broadcast channel with multiple transmit antennas at the base station and users each with single receive antenna. We consider the case when the transmitter has partial knowledge of the channel state information (CSI) due to channel estimation errors or the existence of a limited-rate feedback link. With partial CSI at the transmitter we derive a precoding technique based on a minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion, and using rate-distortion theory we specialize our results to the case of limited feedback when the generalized Lloyd algorithm is employed. Compared to other precoding techniques such as channel inversion or regularized channel inversion, it is shown by simulation results that the bit error rate (BER) of the proposed precoding technique significantly outperforms the BER of the previous precoding techniques. In addition, we consider the performance of the proposed precoding technique in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime and show that similar to [2], [7], the BER of the system is asymptotically limited.
A Critical Analysis of Test Elements Used in Physical Education

(1938). A Critical Analysis of Test Elements Used in Physical Education. Research Quarterly. American Association for Health and Physical Education: Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 64-76.
CLAG-Based Induction Therapy in Previously Untreated High Risk AML Patients

Abstract The CLAG regimen (G-CSF 300 mcg sc, cladribine 5 mg/m2 over 2 hours, and cytarabine 2 gm/m2 over 4 hours beginning 2 hours after cladribine, all daily times 5 days) was originally devised by Robak et al (Leuk Lymphoma 2000; 36:121-9) as induction therapy for patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Fifty percent of patients achieved a CR with a median duration of 22.5 weeks. This group subsequently added mitoxantrone to the regimen (Wrzesien-Kus A, et al. Ann Hematol 2005; 84:557-64). We treated 20 patients with previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia who were considered unsuitable for our intensive high-dose cytarabine, high-dose mitoxantrone frontline induction regimen either due to age or cardiac dysfunction with CLAG-based therapy. Patients with a cardiac ejection fraction above 50% additionally received either mitoxantrone (mito) or idarubicin (ida), 12 mg/m2 times 3 days, concurrently with CLAG. Of 20 patients treated, 5 received CLAG, 12 received CLAG-ida and 3 received CLAG-mito. The median age was 64 years (range 42-79 years). There were 13 men and 7 women. Six patients had received prior chemo and/or RT for a previous malignancy. In addition 3 patients had a prior MPD and 1 had prior MDS (total of 10 patients with secondary AML). Patients had a median of 3 comorbidities (range 0-7). Cytogenetic risk was good: 2 patients (however one was FLT3 ITD+), intermediate: 10 patients, poor: 8 patients. Only one patient was FLT3 ITD+. Responding patients (CR or PR) received 1 (5 pts), 2 (2 pts), 3 (8 pts) or 4 (2 pts) cycles of CLAG+/- ida or mito followed by allogeneic stem cell transplant (4 pts), hidac (2 pts) or decitabine maintenance (4 pts). Most patients responded to therapy. There were 13 formal CRs (65%), 1 CRp (5%), 3 PR (15%, defined as 6-10% blasts on marrow with complete hematologic recovery in the peripheral blood), 2 failures (10%) and one early death (5%). Other than the early death, treatment was well tolerated with few toxicities other than neutropenic fever and cytopenias. Estimated overall survival by Kaplan Meier analysis is 29.6 months (95% CI 20.1-39.2 months). Duration of response is 32.3 months (95% CI 21.6-43.1 months). CLAG-based therapy is a well-tolerated, efficacious induction strategy in previously-untreated patients with high risk AML. CLAG-based regimens should be studied in a broader group of newly diagnosed AML patients. Download : Download high-res image (144KB) Download : Download full-size image Figure 1 . Download : Download high-res image (81KB) Download : Download full-size image Figure 2 . Disclosures Off Label Use: Use of cladribine in AML.
Editing for effective grant proposals: Results of coding editor comments

In this research, which is part of a larger dissertation study, I sought to identify types of issues professional editors comment on most often in grant proposals. In this study, I procured 7 grant proposals written by academic authors and asked professional editors to edit these grant proposals. After coding the comments made by editors on these grant proposals according to a 82-item coding scheme, I found that editors most often give suggestions, directions, explications, explanations, or have questions related to Content (77%), then Grammar and Mechanics (14%), then Design (4%), then Style (2%), and then Punctuation (1%). Overall, there were 471 times that codes were applied to the issues that editors addressed in their comments. The editors' emphasis on content in this study, especially in development and improving clarity, is consistent with the anecdotal, how-to advice from authors that promote improving clarity, conciseness, and accuracy, whether developing or deleting to improve these issues [1]; attending to audience [2, 3]; using active voice [4]; or encouraging organization [5, 6, 7]. Previous research also suggests avoiding jargon or technical terms [8, 9], which is reflected in the findings of this study in the Grammar and Mechanics category, in which editors address choosing an alternate or more accurate word or phrase. This research contributes to the evidence-based literature on grant proposal writing as well as editing, especially the types and phrasing of editing comments.
Experiencing the built environment: strategies to measure objective and subjective qualities of places

This article offers an alternative look at the experiential character of the built environment by combining objective analysis and subjective perception. The aim is to measure and elaborate on quantitative descriptions of ‘hidden’ urban characteristics, attempting to build correlations between different unseen but detectable qualities of cities. The study introduces an applied research method to quantify objective features of the built environment and the related subjective experience, prototyping a mobile phone application that both actively and passively measures urban parameters and human perceptions. To test the validity of the research process, a few experiments were performed in Cambridge, MA mapping out a series of different places. The implementation of the application data in conjunction with the more passive, objective dataset extracted from complementary sensors, resulted in an alternative understanding of everyday spatial interactions and in a taxonomy of urban conditions - revealing the ‘mood’ of urban environments. The combination of objective and subjective datasets can help reveal more comprehensive insights and characters of spaces and places within the city, mediating between technology and the built environment and leveraging emotive perceptions of the urban actors in order to influence and inform design decisions.
Business Schools in India: Paradoxes, Challenges, Opportunities

With high rates of economic growth and increasing levels of salaries in the corporate sector, demand for business education is extremely high and students from technical background are trying to enter the top businessschools through a tough admission test. Two distortions have been created in the process. First career choice is dictated by the lure of high salaries after getting a MBA degree irrespective of the background. Second, the attractiveness of education, particularly the research programmes in the universities have become something of low priority because of potential salary differences compared to the compensation package a fresh MBA from top business schools can command. These aspects have been explained in the present paper.
Preventing Returns to the Emergency Department FollowingBariatric Surgery.

Background Unnecessary emergency department (ED) visits following bariatric surgery represent a significant source of inefficient resource utilization. This study aimed to identify potential strategies aimed at preventing unnecessary returns to the ED following bariatric surgery. The study was conducted in University Hospital, USA.
Stochastic Geometric Aspects of Some Quantum Spin Chains

We discuss some rigorous results that were recently obtained using a new Poisson integral representation for the Gibbs kernel of a class of antiferromagnetic quantum spin models.
Research on Sulfur Conversion Behavior in Oxygen Pressure Acid Leaching Process of High Indium Sphalerite

As an important treatment method of processing the sphalerite, the technology of pressure acid leaching has many benefits, such as process flow short, no waste pollution, low production costs, high leaching rate of Zn, and S output in elemental form, which can be sold as a product. This paper takes the high indium sphalerite provided by Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute as the research object. A metallurgical behavior of sulfur conversion process is studied under high temperature and high pressure. The results indicate that the conversion rate of sulfur increases with the increasing liquid-solid ratio, leaching temperature, initial acid concentration and partial oxygen pressure in a certain range. With increasing leaching time, the conversion rate of sulfur increases first and then decreases. Considering all the aspects, the optimum parameters in the condition of conventional electric heating and microwave heating of the process are as follows: liquid-solid ratio 8:1, leaching temperature 423 K, initial acid concentration 120 g/L, partial oxygen pressure 1.0 Mpa, leaching time 90 min. The conversion rate of sulfur reaches 72.00% under the condition of conventional electric heating, 65.74% under the condition of microwave heating.
Multimedia learning principles at scale predict quiz performance

Empirically supported multimedia learning (MML) principles [1] suggest effective ways to design instruction, generally for elements on the order of a graphic or an activity. We examined whether the positive impact of MML could be detected in larger instructional units from a MOOC. We coded instructional design (ID) features corresponding to MML principles, mapped quiz items to these features and their use by MOOC participants, and attempted to predict quiz performance. We found that instructional features related to MML, namely practice problems with high-quality examples and text that is concisely written, were positively predictive. We argue it is possible to predict quiz item performance from features of the instructional materials and suggest ways to extend this method to additional aspects of the ID.
Relationship of Maternal Age to Breast Milk Volume and Composition

There is at present little information regarding the relationship of maternal age to breast milk volume and composition. In the 1950’s, Hytten reported that “the clinical impression is certainly widespread that the elderly primipara is particularly liable to experience difficulty in establishing and maintaining lactation” (1, p. 844). He noted that few reports had distinguished between the effect of age and that of parity, but cited several studies of milk output during the first 7 to 10 days postpartum that controlled for parity. Those data and his own showed that “older” primiparae (24 yrs or older) produced less milk in the first week postpartum than younger primiparae (16–23 yrs). He speculated that milk yield is “dependent on the amount of functional tissue in the breasts,” which may decrease with age due to “disuse atrophy.” He suggested that lactational capacity is greatest before age 20, and declines thereafter. However, the data presented were limited to milk production during the first week or two of lactation. In Wallgren’s pioneering study in Sweden (2) in which breast milk intake during the first six months was measured, no relationship was found between maternal age and milk intake. Unfortunately, the data to support this finding were not shown, nor was the age range of the mothers indicated.
Behavioral Medicine and Sleep: Concepts, Measures, and Methods

Until recently, behavioral medicine research, including its conceptual models, measures, and clinical applications, has focused almost exclusively on psychological, social, behavioral, and environmental factors that occur or are measured during waking. Yet, humans spend 1/3 to 1/4 of their lives asleep, and there is strong evidence that sleep is essential to health and functioning. The premise of this chapter is that behavioral medicine models that incorporate sleep, whether as a major variable of interest, a confounder, an effect modifier or therapeutic target, offer a more complete understanding of the processes through which psychological, social, behavioral, and environmental factors affect and are affected by health and functioning. The goal of this chapter is to identify the dimensions of sleep that may be most relevant to behavioral medicine, describe how each may be assessed, and briefly summarize relevant evidence linking sleep to health and functioning. The chapter concludes by identifying important future directions related to the role of sleep in behavioral medicine research and its clinical applications.
Insights on Imprinting from Beyond Mice and Men

Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon that results in the silencing of alleles, dependent on their parent of origin. Within vertebrates, this phenomenon is restricted only to the mammals and has been identified in eutherians and marsupials but not in the egg-laying monotremes. Many hypotheses have been put forward to explain why genomic imprinting evolved, most of which are centered on the regulation of nutrient provisioning from parent to offspring. The three different mammalian lineages have adopted very different modes of reproduction and, as a result, vary widely in the amount of nutrient provisioning to the conceptus. Examining imprinting across the three mammal groups enables us to test hypotheses on the origin of this phenomenon in mammals and also to investigate changes in the genome coincident with its evolution.
A comparison of four current awareness services.

Abstract A study was undertaken to compare four current awareness services: CurrentContents/OVID, Reference Update/ OVID, CARL Uncover, and FirstSearch (ContentsFirst and Articles-First). The features and performances of each are evaluated. Three factors determined to be important are ease of use, health sciences coverage, and journal currency. This article is summary of the results of this Evaluation.
CNNWire: Boosting Convolutional Neural Network with Winograd on ReRAM based Accelerators

Resistive random access memory (ReRAM) demonstrates the great potential of in-memory processing for neural network (NN) acceleration. However, since the convolutional neural network (CNN) is widely known as compute-bound, current ReRAM-based accelerators are not able to support CNN efficiently. In this paper, we for the first time propose the CNN accelerator with Winograd's convolution on ReRAM (CNNWire), which minimizes the multiplications to enable fast and efficient CNN inference. We realize the convolution with Winograd Processing Element (WPE) based on convolutional tiles. Interconnections between WPEs are designed aiming to improve the data reuse. Finally, we introduce the full mapping flow to implement the Winograd convolution The results show that CNMWire gains 3.85x energy efficiency boosting and 3.24x speedup on average among different CNN benchmarks, compared with traditional GEMM based mapping.
Machine learning empowers phosphoproteome prediction in cancers.

Motivation Reversible protein phosphorylation is an essential post-translational modification regulating protein functions and signaling pathways in many cellular processes. Aberrant activation of signaling pathways often contributes to cancer development and progression. The mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics technique is a powerful tool to investigate the site-level phosphorylation of the proteome in a global fashion, paving the way for understanding the regulatory mechanisms underlying cancers. However, this approach is time-consuming and requires expensive instruments, specialized expertise and a large amount of starting material. An alternative in silico approach is predicting the phosphoproteomic profiles of cancer patients from the available proteomic, transcriptomic and genomic data. Results Here, we present a winning algorithm in the 2017 NCI-CPTAC DREAM Proteogenomics Challenge for predicting phosphorylation levels of the proteome across cancer patients. We integrate four components into our algorithm, including (i) baseline correlations between protein and phosphoprotein abundances, (ii) universal protein-protein interactions, (iii) shareable regulatory information across cancer tissues and (iv) associations among multi-phosphorylation sites of the same protein. When tested on a large held-out testing dataset of 108 breast and 62 ovarian cancer samples, our method ranked first in both cancer tissues, demonstrating its robustness and generalization ability. Availability and implementation Our code and reproducible results are freely available on GitHub: https://github.com/GuanLab/phosphoproteome_prediction. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
CEO political ideologies and auditor-client contracting

Abstract We investigate whether CEOs’ political ideology, as captured by their political contributions, is related to audit risk and, consequently, to audit pricing. We find that Republican CEOs are associated with lower inherent risk and control risk, which represent the two components of audit risk related to the firm, while their Democratic counterparts are seen to have higher risks. Consequently, Republican (Democratic) CEOs are associated with lower (higher) audit fees. The results are robust to controlling for religiosity, executive incentives and ability, obtaining alternative measures of inherent and control risk, and to using propensity score matching and entropy balancing. We further show that changes in political ideology are associated with changes in audit risk and fees. In sum, the evidence implies that auditors view the political ideology of CEOs as an important determinant of engagement risk, which may have important implications for disclosure policy.