cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
BIOGENIC AMINES IN CULTURED NEUROBLASTOMA AND ASTROCYTOMA CELLS

The presence of biogenic amines in cultured cells of mouse neuroblastoma C-1300 (clone NB-2a) was suggested by fluorescence-microscope histochemistry. Incubation in media containing L-[14C]tyrosine and L-[14C]tryptophan for 24 h, followed by high-voltage electrophoresis, radiochromatogram scanning, and scintillation counting, confirmed the presence of [14C]dopamine, [14C]norepinephrine, [14C]epinephrine, [14C]serotonin, [14C]tyramine, and [14C]octopamine. Dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and serotonin were demonstrated spectrophotofluorometrically in concentrations, expressed as micrograms amine per milligram protein, of 1.19, 0.027, 0.038, and 0.148, respectively, for cells in a stationary growth phase. Fluorescence-microscope histochemistry also suggested the presence of biogenic amines in cultured astrocytoma cells (cell line C6). Spectrophotofluorometric assay of cells in a stationary growth phase demonstrated intracellular dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and serotonin in concentrations significantly lower than those of neuroblastoma cells.
Falling Through the Cracks? Public Perception, Risk, and the Oversight of Emerging Nanotechnologies

Nanotechnology is expected to be the key technology of the 21st century. Researchers are exploring ways to see and build at this scale, reengineering familiar substances like carbon and silver to create new materials with novel properties and functions. However, the emergence of nanotechnology also provides us with an opportunity to reshape how the public perceives the government's ability to manage risks posed by new technologies. As the first wave of nano-based products? including cosmetics, dietary supplements, food additives, and consumer products?enters the market, society will begin to ask questions about the health, environmental, and safety implications of these materials. The purpose of this paper is to connect the current state of such public perceptions?both with respect to nanotechnology, in particular, and to emerging technologies, in general? with the current state of nanotechnology product development and to analyze how well situated the public sector is to deal with these challenges.
Effect of Ultrasound on Particle Size of Suspensions of Polyethylene Spheres

The effect of ultrasound energy on the particle size of polyethylene spheres in aqueous suspension, with and without additives such as surfactants and deflocculating agents, and using variable times of exposure to ultrasound, were studied. Particle size was determined microscopically and expressed as the mean diameter of the particles. It was found that ultrasonic waves, at a frequency of 100 kc., caused a significant reduction in particle size only if surfactants were present. It was also observed that surfactants having high HLB values were the most efficient of all additives. Increasing time of exposure to the ultrasound waves brought about a continued reduction of particle diameter up to 2 hr., but that after this time the particle size stabilized, and further exposure produced no significant decrease in the mean diameter of the polyethylene spheres.
Interrogating Guilty Suspects: Why Sipowicz Never Has to Admit He is Wrong

On the television police drama NYPD Blue, Andy Sipowicz and his colleagues often use threats of physical violence and psychological interrogation tactics to extract confessions from “guilty suspects.” Sipowicz is portrayed as a white knight who serves a nobler ideal than respecting the physical integrity of suspects: obtaining justice for innocent victims. Although the television show is fictional, it has implications regarding real-life interrogation tactics used by the police. In this chapter, the authors analyze scenes from NYPD Blue in which the detectives use physical violence, threats of violence, and negative and positive incentive techniques to induce confessions from suspects. Throughout the chapter, the authors compare the tactics used by Sipowicz to those used by real-life police officers. The chapter ends with a summary of the comparisons between NYPD Blue and real-life police interrogations. The authors assert that while police indeed use every psychological tactic they think will work to extract a confession, the amount of violence used on the television show does not reflect what is known about contemporary interrogation when it comes to physical coercion: violence, assaults, and threats occur far less frequently than the television show suggests.
College Students’ Attitudes Toward Labor Unions: Implications for Union Leaders and Employers

This study replicates and extends the research on pre-employment predictors of attitudes toward labor unions, which subsequently influence willingness to join a union. The impact of a number of factors including family socialization, parental union attitude, work beliefs (Marxist and humanistic), and college major (field of study) is assessed on college students’ attitudes toward labor unions. Selected demographic and attitudinal data were collected from a sample of 402 students representing several majors at a midsized Midwestern public university. The findings of the study strongly support the belief that family socialization and personal work beliefs are the most important predictors of college students’ attitudes toward labor unions. Unlike prior studies, the impact of race on college students’ attitudes toward labor unions was also assessed. Implications of these findings for union leaders and employers and future research directions are also discussed.
Comparison of feature selection and classification for MALDI-MS data.

Introduction In the classification of Mass Spectrometry (MS) proteomics data, peak detection, feature selection, and learning classifiers are critical to classification accuracy. To better understand which methods are more accurate when classifying data, some publicly available peak detection algorithms for Matrix assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-MS) data were recently compared; however, the issue of different feature selection methods and different classification models as they relate to classification performance has not been addressed. With the application of intelligent computing, much progress has been made in the development of feature selection methods and learning classifiers for the analysis of high-throughput biological data. The main objective of this paper is to compare the methods of feature selection and different learning classifiers when applied to MALDI-MS data and to provide a subsequent reference for the analysis of MS proteomics data.
Postnatal development of the mouse palate.

Abstract 1. 1. The postnatal development of the palatal complex from birth to maturity was studied in the mouse. In addition, the midpalatal suture was examined histologically to determine whether or not endochondral bone formation took place in this area. Animals ranging in age from birth to maturity were prepared for nitrocellulose embedding in the usual manner. The area of study was limited to a symmetrical coronal section of tissue bounded anteroposteriorly by the mesial and distal surfaces of the first molar teeth. 2. 2. As the palate grew in width, there was a progressive proportional decrease in height of the palatal vault. The middle third of the palate assumed a more inferior position in relation to the lateral thirds. 3. 3. Endochondral bone formation was active in varying degrees in the midpalatal suture of the mouse from birth until the twentieth day. 4. 4. At birth there was a condensation of mesenchymal cells in the midline. Lateral to the midline the mesenchymal cells differentiated into chondroblasts. As the chondroblasts matured, they increased in size and PAS-positive droplets appeared in their cytoplasm. Surrounding the chondroblasts was an amorphous ground substance. The chondroblasts divided and gave rise to clusters of chondrocytes separated by a matrix. 5. 5. At 5 days the midline showed three zonal layers of cells—the resting zone, the proliferating zone, and, most laterally, the hypertrophic zone with larger chondrocytes and conspicuous glycogen storage prior to their degeneration. Degeneration of the chondrocytes was characterized by increased glycogen storage, intracellular edema, and matrix breakdown. 6. 6. Growth in width and thickness of the palate was most rapid between birth and 5 days and between the ages of 10 and 15 days. Growth in width and thickness of the palate was slowest between the fifth and the tenth days. 7. 7. By the fifteeth day a layer of bone was present at the calcifying zone, beginning the “sealing-off” process. 8. 8. By the twentieth day growth in width of the palate ceased. Chondrocytes within the subcapsular layers appeared inactive; they were uniform in size and exhibited little glycogen content. However, growth in thickness of the palate increased threefold from the twentieth day to the thirty-fifth day. 9. 9. At the thirty-fifth day the chondrocytes were almost devoid of any glycogen and appeared totally inactive. The midpalatal suture resembled the cartilage of the mandibular condyle. 10. 10. Hyaline cartilage was still present as a narrow band that extended along the entire height of the midpalatal suture in the adult mouse. 11. 11. The presence of cartilage in the midpalatal suture was shown not to be specific.
DHT overlay schemes for scalable p-range resource discovery

The information service is a critical component of a grid infrastructure for resource discovery. Although P2P computing paradigm could address some of the scalability issues that plagued grid resource discovery, most existing distributed hash table (DHT) based P2P overlays have difficulty in treating attribute range queries that are common in resource discovery lookups due to the inherent randomness of hash functions. Recently, there have been various attempts to solve the range search problem over DHT networks [Aberer, et al. (2003), Gao and Steenkiste (2004), Ratnasamy, et al. (2003), and Tanin, et al. (2005)]. Central to all of these is a mapping scheme which maps the tree-structured logical index space to some DHT-based physical node space. In this paper, we propose a general framework to put all these under the same umbrella based on how mapping of the tree-structured index that identifies a physical node responsible of a particular range is done through replication. We identify three schemes which should cover the spectrum of all meaningful replication schemes: the tree replication scheme (TRS) replicates the entire tree; the path caching scheme (PCS) replicates paths from root to leaves; and the node replication scheme (NRS) replicates individual logical nodes.
REQUISITE MUTATIONAL LOAD, PATHWAY EPISTASIS, AND DETERMINISTIC MUTATION ACCUMULATION IN SEXUAL VERSUS ASEXUAL POPULATIONS

A measure of the equilibrium load of deleterious mutations is developed that explicitly incorporates the level of genome-wide linkage disequilibrium. This measure, called the requisite mutational load, is based on the minimal net reproductive rate of the least mutated class necessary to prevent deterministic mutation accumulation. If this minimal net reproductive rate is larger than ecological or physiological constraints allow, then: a) the population is driven to extinction via deterministic mutation accumulation, or b) a mutational Red-Queen ensues with adaptation counterbalancing mutation accumulation. Two population parameters determine the requisite mutational load: a) the equilibrium strength of selection, measured as a selection gradient, and b) the equilibrium opportunity for selection, measured as the variance in number of mutations per genome. The opportunity for selection is decomposed into the accumulation of mutations (average number per genome) and the level of genome-wide linkage disequilibrium. Recombination can substantially reduce the requisite mutational load, compared to clonal reproduction, when there is buffering and/or reinforcing epistasis and also when there is positive assortative mating for fitness. Recombination is advantageous because it reduces the negative (variance reducing) linkage disequilibrium induced by beneficial epistasis. The functional form of the expression for requisite mutational load illustrates why epistasis within pathways, i.e., among closely interacting genes, is a powerful alternative to genome-wide truncation selection, as a means of reducing mutational load.
Optimization-Based Constrained Iterative Learning Control

We consider the problem of synthesis of iterative learning control (ILC) schemes for constrained linear systems executing a repetitive task. The ILC problem with affine constraints and quadratic objective functions is formulated as a convex quadratic program, for which there exist computationally efficient solvers. The key difference between standard convex optimization and the corresponding constrained ILC problem is that each iteration in the latter requires an experiment run. We implement an interior-point-type method to reduce the number of iterations (and hence the number of experiment runs). We discuss the system-theoretic interpretations of the resulting optimization problem that lead to reductions in computational complexity and compare the performance of the implementation based on the interior-point method to another approach based on the active set method on a simulation example. We demonstrate the technique on a prototype wafer stage system with actuator saturation constraints and l2 norm of the tracking error as the objective function. The key contribution of this paper is the systematic use of numerical tools from constrained convex optimization in the ILC design.
Brief announcement: distributed algorithms for approximating wireless network capacity

In this paper we consider the problem of maximizing wireless network capacity (a.k.a. one-shot scheduling) in both the protocol and physical models. We give the first distributed algorithms with provable guarantees in the physical model, and also give the first algorithms in the protocol model that do not assume transmitters can coordinate with their neighbors in the interference graph, so every transmitter chooses whether to broadcast based purely on local events. Our techniques draw heavily from algorithmic game theory and machine learning theory, even though our goal is a distributed algorithm. Indeed, our main results allow every transmitter to run any algorithm it wants, so long as its algorithm has a learning-theoretic property known as no-regret in a game-theoretic setting.
HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN FLORIDA: THE ROLE OF APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY IN ADDRESSING THE PROBLEM AND RESPONSE

Human trafficking is a pervasive issue in the United States (Florida State 2003:16). While an estimated 18,000-20,000 persons are trafficked across the nation's borders each year, this may be a dramatic underestimation of actual occurrence due to the hidden nature of human trafficking crimes and the fact that this number does not include domestic trafficking incidents (Florida State 2003:16). Federal anti-trafficking legislation defines "trafficking in persons" to mean those compelled into commercial sex acts (sex trafficking) or labor and services (labor trafficking) through force, fraud or coercion (United States Congress 2000). Although exact data regarding the incidence of human trafficking in Florida are currently unavailable, it is considered a lucrative trafficking hub—often being cited as one of the top three states in which the crime occurs. This is principally because of its agriculture- and tourism-based economy, two industries in which trafficking can thrive with relatively little resistance (...
Creation of a community violence exposure scale: Accounting for what, who, where, and how often

Previous research has used the Rasch model, a method for obtaining a continuous scale from dichotomous survey items measuring a single latent construct, to create a scale of community violence exposure. The authors build upon previous work and describe the application of a Rasch model using the continuation ratio model to create an exposure to community violence (ETV) scale including event circumstance information previously shown to modify the impact of experienced events. They compare the Rasch ETV scale to a simpler sum ETV score, and estimate the effect of ETV on child posttraumatic stress symptoms. Incorporating detailed event circumstance information that is grounded in traumatic stress theory may reduce measurement error in the assessment of children's community violence exposure.
Effect of 4-aminopyridine on vision in multiple sclerosis patients with optic neuropathy

Objective: The objective of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study was to examine if patients with optic neuropathy would derive a therapeutic benefit from 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) treatment. Furthermore, the study was intended to determine if patients with certain P100 latencies or retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) measures would be more likely to respond to therapy. Methods: Patients were enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study of 10 weeks duration. Patients underwent visual evoked potentials (VEP), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and visual acuity before starting 5 weeks of either placebo or 4-AP. After 5 weeks, they completed a second evaluation (VEP, OCT, and visual acuity) and were crossed over between treatment arms. Five weeks later, they had their final evaluation. All investigators were blinded to treatment arm until after data analysis. Results: On average, patients had faster P100s on 4-AP when compared to placebo. A subset of patients had distinct responses to 4-AP as measured by improvements in visual acuity. Finally, eyes with an RNFL measure between 60 and 80 µm had the highest response rate. Conclusions: 4-Aminopyridine is useful for improving vision in patients with demyelinating optic neuropathy. Future clinical trials may be able to enrich a patient population for potential responders using OCT and VEP measures. Selecting patients for future trials should use RNFL measures as part of inclusion/exclusion criteria. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class IV evidence supporting the use of 4-AP in certain patients with optic neuropathy to improve visual function (patients with RNFL between 60 and 80 µm).
Biogeochemistry: Soil carbon in a beer can

Decomposition of soil organic matter could be an important positive feedback to climate change. Geochemical properties of soils can help determine what fraction of soil carbon may be protected from climate-induced decomposition.
Moment method calculation of the per-unit-length parameters of cable bundles

A method of moments procedure to obtain the capacitance matrix for a cable bundle is presented. The geometry consists of multiple, parallel, insulated wires, possibly above a ground plane. The method uses Fourier harmonic expansion functions for the total charge and Galerkin testing functions. The capacitance matrix is obtained through the relationship of free charge to potential. Computed and measured results are presented. Where possible, these results are compared to exact analytical solutions. The effect of wire insulations on capacitance calculations is also discussed. >
A Schizophrenic Metaphor? Disciplining Creoleness

In this article, I take account of the disciplinary, linguistic, and historical differences that determine the various uses of the “creole” concept, whether as “creole,” “creolization,” or “creolite.” Beginning with anthropological critiques of the concept as exclusionary or theoretically flawed, I attempt to clarify these limitations by examining E. K. Brathwaite's, the Creolistes Bernabe, Chamoiseau and Confiant's, and finally Edouard Glissant's contributions to understandings of creolization. My approach attempts to clarify certain overlooked slippages in the language, and through these slippages redefine the “debate” over the concept as a process of continuous translation. Rather than valorize either the impossible negation, or utopian idealization of the possibilities of the creole, I pay particular attention to the discursive life of the term and its “translations,” both linguistic and conceptual.
Magnetic and structural properties and crystallization behavior of Si-rich FINEMET materials

The magnetic and structural properties of an Si-rich grade FINEMET alloy with a composition of Fe73.5Si16.1B6.4Nb2.9Cu1.1 in at% [Fe82.7Si9.1B1.4Nb5.4Cu1.4 (wt%)] were investigated after primary and secondary crystallization of ribbon samples. Optimally annealed ribbons exhibited a homogeneous microstructure composed of B 7n m DO3 nanocrystals surrounded by the retained amorphous phase. This is similar to the base FINEMET. Also, a chemical partitioning model, especially of Si, on slowly heated ribbons above the secondary crystallization temperature (B700 � C), is presented herein in conjunction with the reaction products and the magnetic transitions. A self-consistent magnetization analysis is presented which for the first time in FINEMET materials correlates a macroscopic approach from the sample magnetization (using experimentally determined microstructural data such as volume fractions of magnetic phases) with an atomistic approach such as nearest-neighbor calculations and the atomic magnetic dipole moments. The estimated magnetic moment exerted by one Fe atom in the as-spun sample is B1.67mB on average, while that in a unit cell of the DO3 phase crystallized from the amorphous is estimated as B1.85mB per Fe atom (B24.2mB per a unit cell of the DO3 phase). r 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The Interactions between a Midlatitude Blocking Anticyclone and Synoptic-Scale Cyclones That Occurred during the Summer Season

Abstract Using the Goddard Laboratory for Atmospheres Goddard Earth Observing System 5-yr analyses and the Zwack–Okossi equation as the diagnostic tool, the horizontal distribution of the dynamic and thermodynamic forcing processes contributing to the maintenance of a Northern Hemisphere midlatitude blocking anticyclone that occurred during the summer season were examined. During the development of this blocking anticyclone, vorticity advection, supported by temperature advection, forced 500-hPa height rises at the block center. Vorticity advection and vorticity tilting were also consistent contributors to height rises during the entire life cycle. Boundary layer friction, vertical advection of vorticity, and ageostrophic vorticity tendencies (during decay) consistently opposed block development. Additionally, an analysis of this blocking event also showed that upstream precursor surface cyclones were not only important in block development but in block maintenance as well. In partitioning the basic data ...
Wireless Networking Based Control

This book will have a broad appeal in the area of Wireless Networking-Based Control. Various engineering disciplines, control and communication science organizations will be interested in purchasing the book with a new, emerging, and important theme. Also, industry such as Honeywell and those (e.g. power industry, automotive industry, aerospace industry) interested in implementing wireless network control to express interest in purchasing this book.
PROCEEDINGS: BCG VACCINATION

THE PURPOSE of this presentation is to review very briefly some of the history of the controversial BCG vaccine. This is a living, attenuated, bovine strain of tubercle bacilli. This strain was first isolated in Paris as a very virulent organism for animals, and it was attenuated by serial passage in artificial media for a period of 13 years. By 1921, Calmette and Guerin were satisfied in their own minds that they had produced an attenuated bacillus, but they delayed the announcement and the distribution of cultures to other laboratories until about 1924. From 1921 to 1928, large numbers of experiments were conducted to try and revert this attenuated bacillus to its original virulent characteristic. All experimental attempts in this direction failed. In 1930 the vaccine received a setback from which it has never fully recovered, when 240 children received it as an orally administered vaccine at Lubec and 72 of them died. 2 A full-scale investigation subsequently revealed that the BCG strain was not the cause of the disaster. A contaminating strain of bacilli in the culture administered was positively identified by growth and color-producing characteristics. I think it is improper to speak of "a BCG vaccine." Just as the original vaccine was able to mutate from a fully virulent strain of organisms to an attenuated form, mutations continue to go on producing relative degrees of infectivity or invasiveness. There is no such thing as absolute virulence and absolute avirulence. Rather, there is a continuous spectrum of invasiveness which an organism may exhibit, and an organism may change its characteristics of invasiveness from one culture to another. Therefore, one may read in the literature that a BCG vaccine given in Scandinavia has produced a certain amount of immunity and a certain amount of hypersensitivity, but one cannot expect to exactly reduplicate the same result here; because you just cannot get the same Scandinavian vaccine here and reduplicate that experience. In this country there are several sources of BCG vaccine that a laboratory may acquire or a physician may use.
The Michigan Firearms Statute: Are There Racial/Ethnic Implications?

Abstract This study focuses on sentencing outcomes pursuant to the Michigan Firearms Statute that came into force in 1977 and the Michigan Sentencing Guidelines that were enacted in 1988. The sample included drug law violations and personal offenses committed with a firearm with a particular focus on offender characteristics such as age, race (Blacks, Whites and Mexican-Americans) and gender as well as other socio-legal variables. Multivariate analysis of the demographic variables (age, gender and race) revealed that age significantly impacted sentence length for offenders convicted of carjacking and assault with intent to do great bodily harm less than murder. When gender was examined, these data did not suggest that gender of the convicted offender had a significant impact on sentence length. Multivariate analysis revealed that Blacks received significantly shorter sentences for second degree murder, armed robbery and assault with intent to commit murder. Mexican-Americans, on the other hand, received l...
Assessment of a simplified insertion technique for intrauterine devices

Abstract Objective To explore a simplified technique for intrauterine device (IUD) insertion. Methods The present prospective longitudinal study enrolled patients aged at least 18 years presenting at the gynecology clinic of Stanford University for IUD insertion between June 1, 2013 and June 30, 2014. No pelvic examination or uterine sounding was performed prior to IUD insertion. Transvaginal ultrasonography was performed immediately after insertion and at 4–6 weeks to confirm device placement. The primary outcome was successful IUD placement. Results The study enrolled 50 patients. IUD insertion was completed successfully without any cervical manipulation in 40 (80%) participants. Sounding was not needed for any procedures. A cervical dilator was required to locate the internal os for 10 (20%) patients. The mean distance between IUDs and the endometrial verge immediately following insertion was 2.9 mm. IUD insertion was rated “difficult” by the physician performing the procedure in 3 (6%) patients. No perforations were recorded. IUD expulsion occurred in 3 (6%) patients; menorrhagia was the indication for IUD insertion in two of these patients. Conclusion IUD insertion without prior pelvic examination and sounding was feasible; this technique could reduce the need for instrument use during insertion and, consequently, the pain associated with insertion.
Beacon Based Autonomous Airdrop Systems: Back to the Future

Current autonomous airdrop systems critically rely on GPS feedback for inertial position and velocity information. Future airdrop missions will involve scenarios where it is desired to aerially deliver payloads accurately in an area where GPS is not available. In these situations, a pressing need exists to create useful feedback information from a non-GPS source for use by the autonomous airdrop system guidance and control algorithm. This work addresses this issue through implementation of radio beacons which can be deployed by ground crew on site to retrieve package delivery. Current radio beacon technology is presented in addition to two control algorithms designed around different levels of radio beacon feedback information.
Considerations in Modeling Cell Death Processes

Traditional single-reaction Arrhenius models have been successfully used for many years in burn studies[1–3] and have been adapted and used to predict quantitative histologic results in laser, RF and microwave heating at high temperatures.[4–6] The single reaction kinetics model also forms the basis for the time scaling ratio as is currently used in calculating the cumulative equivalent minutes (CEM) assessment of tumor hyperthermia treatments.[7] Recently, it has been clearly demonstrated that these models are not acceptably accurate predictors of the early stages of cell death processes in hyperthermic heating — moderate temperature rises (< ∼15 C) for times from several minutes to hours.[8, 9] A typical ensemble of cell survival curves has an initial slowly-developing shoulder region, a constant-rate region and, often, a “foot’, as it were, which has a much slower death rate. Simple first-order Arrhenius predictions are constant-rate models, only, and substantially over-estimate population cell death in the early stages of heating.© 2012 ASME
Peacebuilding, Civil Society and Aid Conditionality in Cyprus: Evaluating Success Without Sustainability and Impact

This briefing assesses bicommunal peacebuilding in Cyprus as promoted and funded by foreign donors. This is undertaken by considering policy versus outcome-based conditionality and the suitability ...
Spontaneous abortions in women with endometriosis

Pregnancy outcomes were evaluated retrospectively in 350 women to investigate the relationship between endometriosis and spontaneous abortions. The frequency of spontaneous abortions in women with endometriosis was significantly higher than in both a fertile nonendometriosis group and an infertile group with tubal disease. There was no correlation between the severity of the endometriosis and the frequency of spontaneous abortions. After treatment, the frequency of spontaneous abortions was significantly decreased in both the endometriosis and the tubal disease group, but these values were not significantly different from each other. We conclude that high spontaneous abortion rates are a characteristic of other subgroups of women with secondary infertility and not just in women with endometriosis, and that the majority of spontaneous abortions associated with endometriosis are not caused by the condition.
Assessment of N-k contingencies in a probabilistic security-constrained optimal power flow

This paper presents an assessment of the securityconstrained optimal power flow (SCOPF) solutions, under probabilistic generation and transmission contingencies. The proposed SCOPF approach schedules the optimal level of system security by balancing the security cost (i.e. out-of-merit dispatch cost) against the cost of corrective actions and expected cost of energy interruptions due to contingencies. This approach can accommodate any set of N-k generation and transmission contingencies, and the probabilities of the contingencies are sensitive to common mode failures and adverse weather conditions. The results show that common mode failures and adverse weather conditions have a significant impact on the probabilities of the contingencies, and thus on the scheduled levels of security.
Let's hear it for the case report.

The case report provides a little lantern for future patients, says Jonathan Roos , and helps us to slowly move from ignorance to insight
Modal parameter estimation from optically-measured data using a hybrid output-only system identification method

Abstract The accuracy of estimated modal parameters using different output-only system identification techniques is dependent on the amplitude of the structural response and the associated measurement noise. Unlike, a typical experiment using attached sensors and a multi-channel data acquisition (DAQ) system, optical measurement systems can have high levels of measurement noise that may result in estimated modal parameters that have low accuracy. Although the BSS-based modal parameter estimation techniques are able to identify modal characteristics of the structures from system responses, the performance of these techniques are generally limited by the damping values of structures and the number of sensors mounted on the structure. This paper proposes a new hybrid output-only system identification method that improves the extraction of modal parameters from optically measured system responses. The proposed Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) method employs a BSS learning technique, referred to as Complexity Pursuit (CP), to recover the source signals (i.e. time-domain modal responses). Afterwards, the recovered time-domain modal responses were further processed using the poly-reference least square complex frequency domain (PLSCF) technique to accurately estimate modal information from the recovered source signals. In this work, the numerical response of a cantilevered beam is processed using the hybrid output-only system identification method to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed technique in identifying modal parameters in the presence of noise. Furthermore, the proposed method is used to characterize the optically measured dynamic response of a 2.3-m long wind turbine blade. The obtained results indicate that the proposed output-only system identification is robust to the measurement noise, and since the contribution of the other modal responses are attenuated after applying BSS the hybrid methodology has a potential to identify accurate dynamic characteristics of structures from optically measured data.
Mechanically durable liquid-impregnated honeycomb surfaces.

Liquid repellent surfaces typically work by keeping the fouling liquid in a metastable state, with trapped pockets of air between the substrate and the liquid. An alternative method with greater long-term stability utilizes liquid-impregnated surfaces, where the liquid being repelled slides over an immiscible liquid immobilized on a porous surface. Here, we report a method for creating honeycomb surfaces amenable to liquid-impregnation. Polystyrene dissolved in a water-immiscible, volatile solvent was deposited in a humid environment on a variety of substrates to achieve the necessary porosity. Evaporative cooling results in condensation of water in a breath figure array of droplets, forming a sacrificial template for the drying polymer film. These honeycomb surfaces were further functionalized with fluorosilane and dipped in the lubricating liquid to result in a durable, liquid-repellent surface. These surfaces were found to exhibit repellency towards water and oils with extremely low tilt angles due to the smooth liquid–liquid contact between the lubricating liquid and the liquid being repelled.
Anti-Fragmentation of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Connectivity Networks with Node-Wise Thresholding

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)-based functional connectivity networks are often constructed by thresholding a correlation matrix of nodal time courses. In a typical thresholding approach known as hard thresholding, a single threshold is applied to the entire correlation matrix to identify edges representing superthreshold correlations. However, hard thresholding is known to produce a network with uneven allocation of edges, resulting in a fragmented network with a large number of disconnected nodes. It is suggested that an alternative network thresholding approach, node-wise thresholding, is able to overcome these problems. To examine this, various network characteristics were compared between networks constructed by hard thresholding and node-wise thresholding, with publicly available resting-state fMRI data from 123 healthy young subjects. It was found that networks constructed with hard thresholding included a large number of disconnected nodes, while such network fragmentation was not observed in networks formed with node-wise thresholding. Moreover, in hard thresholding networks, fragmentized modular organization was observed, characterized by a large number of small modules. On the contrary, such modular fragmentation was not observed in node-wise thresholding networks, producing modules that were robust at any threshold and highly consistent across subjects. These results indicate that node-wise thresholding may lead to less fragmented networks. Moreover, node-wise thresholding enables robust characterization of network properties without much influence by the selection of a threshold.
Calling in Black: A dynamic model of racially traumatic events, resourcing, and safety

Purpose Racially traumatic events – such as police violence and brutality toward Blacks – affect individuals in and outside of work. Black employees may “call in Black” to avoid interacting with coworkers in organizations that lack resources and perceived identity and psychological safety. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach The paper integrates event system theory (EST), resourcing, and psychological safety frameworks to understand how external, racially traumatic events impact Black employees and organizations. As racially traumatic events are linked to experienced racial identity threat, the authors discuss the importance of both the availability and creation of resources to help employees to maintain effective workplace functioning, despite such difficult circumstances. Findings Organizational and social-identity resourcing may cultivate social, material, and cognitive resources for black employees to cope with threats to their racial identity after racially traumatic events occur. The integration of organizational and social-identity resourcing may foster identity and psychologically safe workplaces where black employees may feel valued and reduce feelings of racial identity threats. Research limitations/implications Implications for both employees’ social-identity resourcing practice and organizational resource readiness and response options are discussed. Originality/value The authors present a novel perspective for managing diversity and inclusion through EST. Further, the authors identify the interaction of individual agency and organizational resources to support Black employees.
Effects of dietary chlortetracycline, Origanum essential oil, and pharmacological Cu and Zn on growth performance of nursery pigs

Two 47-d experiments were conducted with 21-d-old weaned pigs (PIC 1050, initially 6.1 kg) to determine the effects of feeding low or high doses of chlortetracycline (CTC) and antibiotic alternatives (Cu, Zn, and essential oil [EO]), alone or in combination, on growth performance. On d 5 postweaning, pens of 5 pigs were allotted to diet treatments with 8 (exp. 1) or 7 (exp. 2) replicate pens per treatment. In exp. 1, treatments were fed from d 5 to 26 postweaning and arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with main effects of added ZnO (0 vs. 2,500 ppm of Zn) and CTC (0, 55, or 441 ppm). In exp. 2, treatments were fed from d 5 to 33 and structured in a (2 × 2 × 2) + 2 factorial with main effects of added CuSO4 (0 vs. 125 ppm Cu), added ZnO (0 vs. 3,000 ppm Zn from d 5 to 12 and 2,000 ppm Zn from d 12 to 33), and Regano EX (0 vs. 0.1% Regano EX containing 5% Origanum oil). The 2 additional treatments were subtherapeutic (55 ppm) and therapeutic (441 ppm) levels of CTC. Following the treatment period, a common diet without antimicrobial was fed until d 47. All diets contained 16.5 ppm Cu and 110 ppm Zn from the trace mineral premix. In exp. 1, no ZnO × CTC interactions were observed. Feeding ZnO increased (P < 0.05) ADG, ADFI, and BW during the treatment period and increased (P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI overall (d 5 to 47). Pigs fed CTC had increased (linear, P < 0.05) ADG, ADFI, and BW during the treatment period and had marginally significant increases (linear, P < 0.10) in overall ADG and ADFI, but overall G:F tended (quadratic, P = 0.070) to increase then decrease as CTC increased. During the treatment period in exp. 2, EO did not affect ADG or ADFI, whereas pharmacological levels of Cu, Zn, and CTC increased (P < 0.05) ADG with coinciding increases (P = 0.055, 0.006, and linear 0.079, respectively) in ADFI. Copper, Zn, and CTC did not affect G:F. EO decreased (P = 0.009) G:F. Diet treatments had minimal carryover effects on subsequent nursery pig growth performance. Overall from d 5 to 47, Cu increased (P = 0.018) ADG, Zn increased (P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI, and EO tended to decrease (P = 0.086) G:F. In conclusion, increased dietary Cu, Zn, or CTC improved weanling pig performance while EO elicited no growth benefits. The benefits of added Zn from ZnO and CTC were additive and could be included together in diets to maximize growth performance of weaned pigs.
Excess Opioid Medication and Variation in Prescribing Patterns Following Common Orthopaedic Procedures.

Background:Postoperative pain management in orthopaedic surgery accounts for a substantial portion of opioid medications prescribed in the United States. Understanding prescribing habits and patient utilization of these medications following a surgical procedure is critical to establishing appropria
Survivor or Laborer: How Human Service Managers Perceive Sex Workers?

Regardless of primary population served, human service organizations are likely to come into contact with individuals who have been currently or formerly involved in the sex trade. In the United St...
Detector Dogs and Probable Cause

In this Article, the Author argues that an alert by a detector dog, standing alone, does not provide enough information to a court to allow it to decide whether the alert established probable cause to search. Given the variability of dogs and handlers, courts need access to the particular dog’s track record in the field to determine the particular dog’s initial rate of accuracy. As the included Bayesian analysis demonstrates, a base rate calculation of some kind is necessary before the determination can be made. The possibility of false positives means that in a given case, an alert by a very accurate dog might not mean that there is even a probability that there is contraband present.
Large-Scale Reform in the Era of Accountability: The System Role in Supporting Data-Driven Decision Making

The contemporary education policy marks a shift away from the idea that change happens organically, one school at a time. Instead, there is a focus on creating a systematic infrastructure to support change across a large number of schools at once. Within this decade, we have witnessed several types of large-scale reform efforts in the United States and across other Western countries, including state and federal systems of standards and accountability and system-wide implementations of literacy and numeracy programs, among others.
Modern Classics – Review of Brian Tierney: ‘The Crisis of Church and State, 1050-1300’

This is an appreciative review of a classic text on church-state relations by the leading medieval historian of his day, Brian Tierney. The text documents the enduring power of medieval struggles for religious freedom and for balancing church-state relations. It also documents the precocious medieval development of modern legal concepts like jurisdiction, corporations, human rights, and constitutional order. Tierney stands in the early vanguard of great historians who have made the Middle Ages an essential chapter in understanding the development of the Western legal tradition.
Chemical Sympathectomy, but not Adrenergic Blockade, Improves Stroke Outcome.

Abstract Background A robust adrenergic response following stroke impairs lymphocyte function, which may prevent the development of autoimmune responses to brain antigens. We tested whether inhibition of the sympathetic response after stroke would increase the propensity for developing autoimmune responses to brain antigens. Methods Male Lewis rats were treated with 6-hydroxydopamine (OHDA) prior to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), labetalol after MCAO, or appropriate controls. Behavior was assessed weekly and animals survived to 1 month at which time ELISPOT assays were done on lymphocytes from spleen and brain to determine the T h 1 and T h 17 responses to myelin basic protein (MBP), ovalbumin (OVA), and concanavalin A. A subset of animals was sacrificed 72 hours after MCAO for evaluation of infarct volume and lymphocyte responsiveness. Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured as a biomarker of systemic inflammation. Results Despite similar initial stroke severity and infarct volumes, 6-OHDA-treated animals lost less weight and experienced less hyperthermia after stroke. 6-OHDA-treated animals also had decreased CRP in circulation early after stroke and experienced better neurological outcomes at 1 month. The T h 1 and T h 17 responses to MBP did not differ among treatment groups at 1 month, but the T h1 response to OVA in spleen was more robust in labetalol and less robust in 6-OHDA-treated animals. Conclusions Chemical sympathectomy with 6-OHDA, but not treatment with labetalol, decreased systemic markers of inflammation early after stroke and improved long-term outcome. An increase in T h 1 and T h 17 responses to MBP was not seen with inhibition of the sympathetic response.
Universal staphylococcal decolonization for elective surgeries: The patient perspective

Background Staphylococcal decolonization decreases the risk of Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infection. This study evaluates patient perceptions and barriers to a universal Staphylococcal decolonization (USD) protocol. Methods In October 2013, a protocol for the decolonization of Staphylococcal aureus in elective orthopedic, neurosurgical, and cardiac surgeries was implemented in an effort to further decrease post-operative infections rates. We surveyed patients undergoing these procedures between November 2014 and April 2015 using an anonymous, voluntary, Likert-scale survey; survey questions targeted compliance with the protocol as well as barriers to protocol completion. Results A sample of 546 patients (n=1289, 42%) undergoing elective neurosurgical and orthopedic surgeries completed surveys. Respondents had 85% compliance with USD. Insufficient time prior to the procedure to complete the protocol was the largest barrier to USD completion. Conclusions This study provides evidence that USD is acceptable to patients, and that the biggest barriers are logistical.
Sugamo Prison and Anti-security Treaty Struggle

For two weeks after I was arrested at Haneda Airport in January 1960, I was detained at the police station at Akihabara, Tokyo. As I had maintained my silence, the attending prosecutor, perhaps to teach me a lesson, sent me to Sugamo Prison. This was where Richard Sorge of the Sorge espionage incident and Hideki Tōjō and other A-level war criminals were imprisoned and executed. Nobusuke Kishi had also been detained there as a war criminal. Now it was my turn, as I had opposed his politics. Now a skyscraper called Sunshine City has been built on that spot.
Translational research: implications for the study of work and family

Translational research facilitates the application of knowledge gained from research, bridging the divide between research and practice. In the context of work and family studies, translational res...
Analysis and Treatment of Abnormal Vibration of a Gas Turbine Generator Set

In this paper, The turn-to-turn short-circuit fault is accurately judged by the vibration monitoring of a gas turbine generator set. The abnormal conditions in the post-processing process are analyzed and summarized, and the conclusion is verified by the disintegration.The analysis method of abnormal response in the process of dynamic balance of units is determined, which provides a reference for effect evaluation and scheme determination for the on-site dynamic balance treatment of the same type unit.