Attracting Minorities to Science

The article “Wanted: A better way to boost numbers of minority Ph.D.s” by Jeffrey Mervis (News of the Week, 28 Aug., p. [1268][1]) addresses a serious problem. Some programs have been successful in creating magnets of promise. One that Mervis mentions is the Leadership Alliance, with headquarters at Brown University. James Wyche, a microbial geneticist and Associate Provost, heads a consortium that links approximately 28 institutions, including major research universities and ethnic colleges. This project has, over the past 7 years, proved that a climate supportive of minority scientists can bind participating institutions and envelop students in an expanded network of encouragement and interaction. We at Harvard are participants in the Consortium. In the graduate programs (Ph.D.) of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences located at the Harvard Medical School, we currently have 35 members of underrepresented groups enrolled. This number does not include students enrolled in the M.D/Ph.D. program. For the years 1992–1996 (those covered by Mervis), we graduated an average of five such students per year. At the high school level, the Macy High School Science Program, now called “Ventures in Education,” and the Meyerhoff program at the University of Maryland Baltimore County are both successful. Why not follow the suggestion of Joel Oppenheim and mount a conference to promote an exchange of views among those whose programs are working? ![Figure][2] Participants at a recent Leadership Alliance conference CREDIT: RICK KOZAK As a white male recipient of a 1998 National Science Foundation (NSF) graduate fellowship, I have several observations on the ending of minority graduate fellowships First, the political climate dictates that affirmative action will end, and we must find innovative new ways to recruit minority scientists. I believe that scientists are well positioned to do this: In a previous generation, scientists were leaders in opening university doors to foreigners. International cooperation was common in science even during the Cold War and remains strong today. American scientists are even leading our efforts to foster ties with Cuba by lobbying to ease restrictions on their first-rate scientific community ([1][3]). We diversified our profession internationally without affirmative action, and I believe that we can integrate our profession domestically in the same manner. Second, I applaud suggestions to reduce the importance of scores on the Graduate Record Examination in awarding fellowships. This is a matter of common sense rather than equity: A multiple-choice test cannot measure the traits necessary for research success nearly as well as transcripts, resumes, and recommendations. Making allowances for candidates from smaller schools with fewer resources for advanced courses and research would also be a good step. Finally, I think we should put the loss of minority fellowships in perspective: The decision to pursue a career in science begins at the undergraduate level, when NSF fellowships are not yet an issue for prospective scientists. Also, many talented white students who are not likely to receive NSF fellowships still apply for graduate study and work as teaching assistants; why should we assume that minorities will lack the same chutzpah? Finally, minority fellowships were never intended for marginal cases in need of encouragement to remain in science. They are instead for dynamic and talented minorities for whom no recruitment is necessary. These are the people we want in science, and the only way to increase their ranks is to cast our nets wider long before they reach graduate school. 1. [↵][4]1. J. Kumagai , Phys. Today 51, 56 (August 1998). [OpenUrl][5] [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.281.5381.1268 [2]: pending:yes [3]: #ref-1 [4]: #xref-ref-1-1 "View reference 1 in text" [5]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DPhys.%2BToday%26rft.volume%253D51%26rft.spage%253D56%26rft.atitle%253DPHYS%2BTODAY%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx