cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Use of a Vacuum Constrictor Device to Augment a Partial Erection Following an Intracavernous Injection

AbstractIntracavernous injections and vacuum constrictor devices have been used for the nonoperative management of impotence and sexual dysfunction. Although most men are able to use these methods successfully, it currently is well known that up to 30 to 35 per cent of the patients may have only a partial response to the injections. We observed 22 men with partial tumescence after an intracavernous injection of papaverine (15 to 30mg.) and phentolamine (0.5 to 1.0mg.). The penis was not rigid and the buckling pressures never exceeded 50mm. Hg after 20 minutes of observation. In each case we immediately applied a vacuum constrictor device because these devices had been used successfully by other men with similar diagnoses. A total of 21 men responded within 30 to 60 seconds and achieved a rigid erection with buckling pressures of greater than 100mm. Hg (16) and 60mm. Hg (5). These findings indicate that a vacuum constrictor device may be used to augment a partial response to an intracavernous injection and...
Time Relaxation Truncates Scales

The fundamental requirement for a successful turbulent flow simulation is to truncate scales to those representable on a computationally feasible mesh without substantially changing the large flow structures.
Spectroscopic Measurement of a Piezoelectric Transformer Driven Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

A piezoelectric transformer was used to stimulate a high pressure, room temperature helium plasma. The piezoelectric transformer was used to convert a low-amplitude input voltage into a high voltage by driving the transformer into electro-mechanical resonance. The plasma was formed of helium and nitrogen species in a quartz tube at a total pressure of 1.8 atm, and time-resolved methods demonstrated the plasma ignited and extinguished twice per resonance period. The average ion temperature was determined by collecting an optical emission spectrum from the plasma, and then using Specair to parametrically search for a best-fit to the data, where parameters impacting band-head of broadening of specific transitions were systematically adjusted. Using the fitting routine, we established the plasma temperature was between 28 and 32 meV.
Stochastic perturbation of sub-pico second envelope solitons for Triki–Biswas equation with multi-photon absorption and bandpass filters

Abstract This paper studies sub-pico second solitons modeled by Triki–Biswas equation that is a generalized version of Kaup–Newell equation in presence of stochastic perturbation terms, in addition to deterministic perturbations which are due to multi-photon absorption and bandpass filters. The soliton mean free velocity is recovered after analyzing the corresponding Langevin equation.
Assessing the efficacy of citizen scientists monitoring native bees in urban areas

Abstract With growing human population, urban areas expand, and natural spaces become more fragmented threatening the important ecosystem services provided by bee pollinators. Urbanization also provides a wealth of opportunities in the way of citizens who are willing to engage and develop strategies that improve the quality of urban areas. Knowing that pollinator conservation is a critical issue, we launched Native Bee Watch, a citizen science project to monitor bees in Fort Collins, a fast-growing urban center in northern Colorado, USA. Relying on citizen scientists presents challenges in data accuracy leading to the current study with objectives aimed to develop a protocol for accurate bee identification and determine whether citizen scientists following the protocol collect accurate data on bee diversity. The different genera of bees were grouped into eight morphospecies categories. Citizen scientists received intensive training prior to the start of the biweekly monitoring and researchers monitored during the off-weeks. We had very high volunteer retention rates and our results indicate strong correlation between citizen scientist and researcher data suggesting with intensive training and engagement, accurate data collection by citizen scientists and volunteer retention is possible. We suggest that citizen science can be a plausible option for bee monitoring at the level of morphospecies, but success will depend on the extent of volunteer engagement and training. Detailed taxonomic analyses may be necessary to formulate long term conservation planning for a location.
Studies on the oxidation-reduction potential of protozoan cultures

1. Positive evidence is offered of an acceleration of cell division by-SH in bacteria-free cultures ofChilomonas paramecium. 2. When hydrogen peroxide is added to standard culture medium no growth is obtained, but relatively rapid growth occurs if both peroxide and a high concentration of-SH are added. 3. This antagonistic action of-SH and peroxide is explained on the basis of the oxidation-reduction potentials involved. 4. It is suggested that the oxidation-reduction potential of the medium might explain, at least to some extent, the “specific” action of the-SH radial. 5. Methylene blue is less toxic toChilomonas paramecium in tubes sealed with oil than in unsealed tubes of the same medium. This might be explained as being due to the higher oxidation-reduction potential in the unsealed cultures or to the oxidation accelerative power of methylene blue in the presence of oxygen. 6. It is also suggested that the phenomena of autocatalysis and allelocatalysis might be explained on the basis of adjustments in oxidation-reduction potential.
Effect of Lifestyle Intervention on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Abstract The effects of lifestyle interventions (LSIs) on cardiometabolic risk factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-an...
Incrementally Passive Primal-Dual Dynamics for Real-Time Optimization

In this paper, we present a class of globally convergent primal-dual dynamics for the solution of constrained optimization commonly encountered in real-time optimal control applications. By exploiting the incremental passivity properties of the primal and the dual dynamics, and the associated input-nonlinearity, we construct a suitable antiwindup compensator that enforces a specified level of performance that captures allowable constraint violation. The ensuring dynamics can be considered a generalization of the classical Arrow- Uzawa gradient system and can easily be implemented in embedded optimal control applications.
Prediction of Personal Experience Tweets of Medication Use via Contextual Word Representations

Continuous monitoring the safe use of medication is an important task in pharmacovigilance. The first-hand experiences of medication effects come from the consumers of the pharmaceuticals. Social media have been considered as a possible alternative data source for gathering consumer-generated information of their experience with medications. Identifying personal experience in social media data is a challenging task in natural language processing. In this study, we investigated a method of predicating personal experience tweets using Google’s Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and neural networks, in which BERT models contextually represented the tweet text. Both pre-trained BERT models and our BERT model trained with 3.2 million unlabeled tweets were examined. Our results show that our trained BERT model performs better than Google’s pre-trained models (p < 0.01). This suggests that domain-specific data may contribute to the BERT model yielding better classification performance in predicting personal experience tweets of medication use.
Real-time continuous glucose sensing of implantable probes using SERS

Reversible SERS-active sensing assays made from plasmonic nanoparticles encapsulated in biocompatible matrices have potential as long-term implantable sensors. These assays are encapsulated in "free" form within microdomains bounded by polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs), permeable to the target but impermeable to proteins. The microdomains are stabilized in hydrogels for biocompatibility and longevity. The resulting composite sensing materials have been shown to offer high selectivity and specificity of analyte detection as well as stability against photo destruction. This study characterizes the performance of pH-sensitive Raman probes combined with an enzyme for real-time transduction of glucose levels within a simulated in vivo environment.
Using Forest Inventory and Analysis Data to Support National Forest Management: Regional Case Studies

Although many forestry practitioners have a general understanding of the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program and the type of data collected, most non-expert users of FIA reports and basic data are unlikely to be familiar with the breadth of information available and the many potential uses of the data. We present case studies from three USDA Forest Service regions to highlight a variety of applications of FIA data, from informing the forest plan revision process to supplying managers with timely information on important forest attributes at the stand and landscape scales. These examples illustrate the utility of FIA data in meeting managers' information needs, the importance of the linkages between research and management throughout the agency, and the role that the FIA program can play in fostering those collaborations.
Design of an amplitude-splitting hard x-ray delay line with subnanoradian stability

We present the design and analysis of a hard x-ray split-delay optical arrangement that combines diffractive and crystal optics. Transmission gratings are employed to achieve the much-desired amplitude splitting and recombination of the beam. Asymmetric channel-cut crystals are utilized to tune the relative delay time. The use of a dispersion-compensation arrangement of the crystals allows the system to achieve subnanoradian pointing stability during a delay scan. It also minimizes wavefront distortion and preserves the pulse front and pulse duration. We analyze the performance of a prototype design that can cover a delay time range of 15 ps with a sub-20 fs time resolution at 10 keV. We anticipate that this system can fully satisfy the very demanding stability requirements for performing split-pulse x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy measurements for the investigation of fast atomic scale dynamics in complex disordered matter.
A Case Report of Acute Exertional Compartment Syndrome with Peroneal Nerve Palsy in an Adolescent Athlete.

Introduction Acute following a chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is a known but uncommonly encountered complication of sports activity and its physiologic profile remains unclear to date. Failure to recognize and promptly treat this condition can lead to disastrous sequelae. Case report We present the case of a 13-year-old lacrosse player with a history of CECS who developed unprovoked acute compartment syndrome. Despite emergent fasciotomy, she experienced intermittent episodes of peroneal nerve deficits. A peroneal nerve neurolysis was later performed which resulted in full resolution of her symptoms. Conclusion This case stresses the importance of a high index of suspicion for compartment syndrome which if not treated in a timely fashion can have devastating consequences.
Loss and lastingness? Further exploring the relationship between the death of a close other, belief in an everlasting soul, and terror management processes.

This research explored the relationship between the death of a close other (DOCO) and terror management processes. In Study 1 (n = 810), university students who experienced DOCO (vs. not) reported higher university and American identification; greater self-esteem and meaning in life; lower death-thought accessibility; greater "death-as-passage" representations; and higher belief in an everlasting soul. We pre-registered Study 2 (n = 497) as an attempt to replicate these findings; although the patterns of means were consistent with Study 1, the tests did not reach statistical significance. However, analyses on the merged data (N = 1,307) supported the present theoretical analysis.
Harnessing fluctuation theorems to discover free energy and dissipation potentials from non-equilibrium data.

Abstract The Jarzynski relation, as an equality form of the second law of thermodynamics, represents an exact thermodynamic statement that is valid arbitrarily far away from equilibrium. This remarkable relation directly links the equilibrium free energy difference between two states and the probability distribution of the work done along a process that drives the system from one state to the other. Here, we leverage the Jarzynski equality and a local equilibrium assumption, to go beyond the calculation of free energy differences and also extract the dissipation potential from additional measurements of kinematic field variables (strain and velocity fields). The proposed strategy is exemplified over pulling experiments of mass–spring models obeying overdamped Langevin dynamics, which is a prototype for nanorods, fibrous macro-molecules and the Rouse model of polymers. Different interaction potentials, fluid viscosities and bath temperatures are studied, so as to intrinsically control how close or far away the system is from equilibrium. The data-inferred continuum models are then validated against processes governed by different pulling protocols, thereby demonstrating their predictive capability. The methods presented here represent a first step toward full material characterization from non-equilibrium data of macroscopic observables, which could potentially be obtained from experimental observations.
A Wireless Power Transfer System on Clothes Using Conductive Threads

Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) systems today are widely used for charging mobile devices and electric vehicles. Notably, WPT systems will play a critical role in the development of future implantable and wearable devices. In this work, we propose a WPT system that is based on conductive threads. This system can be sewn on clothes and can wirelessly charge/power wearable and implantable devices. Our simulation analysis shows that such a system is efficient and in accordance to the International Commission of Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines on Specific Absorption Rate (SAR).
The Pediatric Pain Screening Tool (PPST) can Rapidly Identify Elevated Pain and Psychosocial Symptomatology in Treatment-Seeking Youth with Acute Musculoskeletal Pain

This cross-sectional study examines the utility of the Pediatric Pain Screening Tool (PPST) for rapidly assessing pain and psychosocial symptomatology in treatment-seeking youth with acute musculoskeletal pain. Participants were 166 youth (10-18 years, 53.6% female) participating in one of two larger cohort studies of youth with acute musculoskeletal pain. Youth completed the PPST and measures of pain, pain-related fear, pain catastrophizing, pain-related disability, and sleep quality. Participants were categorized into PPST risk groups using published cut-offs. ANOVA and chi-square examined associations between PPST risk groups and self-report measures; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses examined associations among PPST scores and clinical reference cut-offs. The PPST classified 28.3% of youth as high, 23.5% as moderate, and 48.2% as low-risk. Females were more likely to be high-risk. ANOVAs revealed differences in clinical factors by PPST risk group particularly differences among youth labeled high versus low-risk. ROC analyses showed the PPST is effective in discriminating "cases" versus "non-cases" on pain-related disability, pain-fear and catastrophizing. Results reveal the PPST is effective for rapidly screening youth with acute pain for pain and psychosocial symptomatology. An important next step will be to examine the validity of the PPST in predicting recovery outcomes of acute pain samples. PERSPECTIVE: This article presents the Pediatric Pain Screening Tool (PPST) as a measure for rapidly screening youth with acute pain for pain and psychosocial symptomatology. The tool categorizes youth into low, moderate or high-risk groups and discriminates among those with versus without clinically significant levels of disability, pain-related fear and catastrophizing.
Editorial overview of Pearls Microbiome Series: E pluribus unum.

The human microbiome constitutes the collection of all the microorganisms living in association with the human body with each body site being home to a unique microbial community [1]. Human-associated microbial communities can include eukaryotes, archaea, bacteria, and viruses and provide protection against foreign invaders, stimulate the immune response, produce antimicrobials, and aid in digestion among other functions. Our understanding of the link between the human microbiome and disease is rapidly expanding in large part due to revolutionizing advances in next generation sequencing. In fact, an ever-growing number of studies have demonstrated that changes in the composition of our microbiomes correlate with numerous disease states or responses to treatment. However, understanding the impact of shifts in microbial communities on health and disease and the mechanisms that confer stability in the microbiome have been challenging to elucidate, due to the vast microbial diversity and differences between individuals. Nevertheless, the notion that manipulation of microbial communities may provide prophylactic or therapeutic tools to improve human health has been the focus of much research [2]. Here, we highlight a collection of Pearls articles delving into the current state of knowledge linking the microbiome to human disease.
Segmented assimilation as a mechanism to explain the dietary acculturation paradox.

Abstract Latinos have disproportionately high rates of diet-related diseases which are associated with acculturation to the U.S. This negative shift in dietary quality is paradoxical in light of gains in income and education that would be expected to lead to better diet. We examined the extent to which the dietary acculturation paradox among Mexican Americans can be explained by segmented assimilation, a theory that considers how immigrants' and their descendants’ trajectories of integration are influenced by a complex interplay of individual, social, and structural factors. First, we performed confirmatory cluster analysis to identify three assimilation segments (classic, underclass, and selective) based on education, income, and an acculturation proxy derived from language, nativity, and time in the U.S. among Mexican-origin participants (N = 4475) of the 2007–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). These segments were then used as independent variables in linear regression models to estimate the relationship between cluster and dietary quality (assessed by the Health Eating Index (HEI)) and the interaction between cluster and gender, controlling for marital status. There were strong effects of cluster on dietary quality, consistent with hypotheses per segmented assimilation theory. The classic assimilation segment had the poorest diet, despite having higher income and education than the underclass segment. The selective segment had higher or similar dietary quality to the underclass segment. Consistent with expectations, this difference was driven by the relatively higher consumption of greens and beans and whole grains of those in the selective and underclass segments. Overall, women had better diets than men; however, the strongest gender contrast was in the underclass segment. This study advances understanding of dietary acculturation and potential disparities in diet-related health outcomes.
Optimal Design for Stability under Multiple Loads

Optimal design of elastic structures for maximum buckling load is investigated. The structures considered are subjected to two or more independent loads, and the objective is to enlarge the stability region in the loading space as much as possible by distributing the mass of the structure in an optimal manner. The cross-sectional area is assumed to be piecewise constant along the length of the structure. Buckling loads are determined with the use of the finite element method, and optimization is carried out by an iterative procedure utilizing the optimality criterion. The following problems are analyzed: a column attached to an elastic foundation and subjected to an axial end load, and axial distributed load due to self-weight; a rotating shaft with axial load; a pipe conveying fluid and compressed by an axial load; a one-bay frame subjected to two vertical loads; and a two-bay frame subjected to three vertical loads.
The Cell Surface of Paramecium

Publisher Summary This chapter provides a general description of the structure of the cell surface of Paramecium . The trichocysts, at their tips, are homologous with cilia. If the ciliary corpuscles composing the cell surface are like a layer of packed peas, then the trichocysts underlying the surface in orderly array are somewhat like a second packing layer. The packing patterns of the food-intake system resemble those of the general surface system of organelles with two exceptions: (1) the frequency of cilia three to four times that of the pellicle, and (2) a nonciliated ribbed wall region, otherwise similar, exists. Thus Paramecium is considered as a cell whose surface is composed of at least two systems of corpuscular organelles: the generalized pellicle system and the gullet system. In both systems patterns associated with close packing are evident.
Elastic electron scattering from state-selected molecules. I. Intensities

Electronically elastic, electron scattering cross sections are calculated for molecules in particular rotational states in order to establish the sensitivity of the scattering pattern to the quantum state. For the examples of diatomic molecules and symmetric tops considered here, the scattering pattern provides a unique fingerprint of the quantum state if one measures the scattered intensity for different orientations of the scattering vectors. The structure in the scattered intensity reflects the anisotropy of the square of the rotational wavefunction. Even for low angular momentum states which have diffuse rotational wavefunctions, very large differences in intensity are the result at certain scattering angles for states whose quantum numbers differ even by only one unit.
Microfluidically reconfigured frequency tunable dipole antenna

A microfluidically reconfigured, frequency tunable meandered dipole antenna is presented. Frequency tunability is achieved through a selectively metallized plate within the microfluidic channel acting as a parasitic RF shorting switch. The microfluidic channel is fabricated on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and bonded onto the antenna substrate using a 12 µm thin low loss benzo-cyclobutene (BCB) layer. External micropumps are also used to control the fluid flow and move the metalized plate over the antenna slots. In doing so, the metalized plate reconfigures the antenna's current path and shifts its resonance frequency. A fabricated prototype was measured and shown to tune from 0.88 GHz to 1.39 GHz.
Laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) will observe cosmic gravitational waves which induce small apparent displacements between suspended test masses. This talk reviews how developments in precision laser interferometry are addressing this goal. >
Instructed SLA and Task-Based Language Teaching

Although second language acquisition (SLA) and language teaching are two distinct fields, an increasing number of classroom-based SLA research on the effectiveness of different types of instruction, such as focus on forms, focus on meaning, and focus on form (see Norris & Ortega, 2000 for a review), corrective feedback (e.g., Lyster & Ranta, 1997), input enhancement (e.g., White, 1998), etc., has brought about a burgeoning subfield of SLA known as Instructed SLA (ISLA). ISLA, which is often pitted against naturalistic SLA, “occurs in formal settings where language is intentionally taught and intentionally learned – within a limited amount of time” (Spada, 2015, p. 71). Given ISLA’s immediate and potential relevance to second language (L2) pedagogy, Long (2014) made the first attempt to formulate a cognitive-interactionist theory of ISLA. In what follows, this theory will first be presented and then discussed in relation to its significance to and implications for task-based language teaching (TBLT) and syllabus design.
Optimization and finite difference approximations of nonconvex differential inclusions with free time

This paper is concerned with a free-time optimal control problem for nonconvex-valued differential inclusions with a nonsmooth cost functional in the form of Bolza and general endpoint constraints involving free time. We develop a finite difference method for studying this problem and focus on two major topics: 1) constructions of well-posed discrete approximations ensuring a strong convergence of optimal solutions, and 2) necessary optimality conditions for free-time differential inclusions obtaining by the limiting process from discrete approximations. As a result, we construct a sequence of discrete approximations with the strong convergence of optimal solutions in the W 1, 2 norm. Then using the convergence result and appropriate tools of nonsmooth analysis, we prove necessary optimality conditions for differential inclusions in the refined Euler-Lagrange form with a new relation for an optimal free time.
Precision Manipulation with Cooperative Robots

We present a cooperative approach to robotic precision manipulation tasks in the context of autonomous robotic construction. Precision manipulation requires a firm grasp, which constraints the team to rigidly maintain formation during transport and manipulation. A leader/follower approach with force sensing to provide relative formation information and vision to provide team position relative to construction components is applied. Our approach demonstrates successful, reliable performance of a construction task requiring cooperative transport and placement of structure components. Qualitative and quantitative performance results are provided.
Neutron-induced failure tests of 3300-V IGBTs for the Spallation Neutron Source accelerator

The RF transmitters for the 1-GeV Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) linear accelerator are powered by 15 converter-modulator stations. Each converter-modulator provides pulses up to 11 MW peak power with a 1.1 MW average power to a multiple-klystron load. A low-voltage switching network, comprised of three sets of four IGBTs in an 'H-bridge' configuration, is used to generate the 20 kHz drive waveform components for the three step-up transformer primaries. This setup brings the total number of 3300-volt semiconductor IGBTs operating within the accelerator at 180. When biased to operating voltages of 1500 V or greater, all IGBTs are inherently sensitive to neutron interactions caused by background cosmic ray radiation. The project described used neutrons produced by proton spallation (with a similar spectrum as cosmic ray neutrons) to gain knowledge of failure mechanisms of the SNS IGBTs. These tests were performed using the highly accelerated neutron flux generated at the Weapons Neutron Research facility at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The results of these experiments have shown the existence of a critical threshold voltage that lies within the operational range beyond which the IGBTs are no longer effective. This threshold varied with each brand of IGBT tested. Statistical failure times have also been projected for all brands of IGBT tested under normal biased operation with the SNS accelerator given natural neutron flux in Oak Ridge, TN.
Race, Virtue, and Moral Education

The moral education and character education movements in the United States are quite strong. But literature in these areas pays very little attention to racial issues. Thomas Lickona’s influential Educating for Character briefly mentions racial bigotry and the need to educate to reduce it, and also briefly learning respect for different cultures as a worthy goal of moral education. But in 420 pages, that is virtually the only attention race receives. James Davison Hunter’s Death of Character mentions race only to reassure the reader that white, black, and Hispanic children do not have different moral values: “There simply is no African-American take on honesty.” Larry Nucci’s Education in the Moral Domain is sensitive to issues of cultural difference in values, and to social exclusion in general, but does not mention race specifically, thereby at least implying that race does not raise any distinctive issues of social exclusion, or of group-based values. Kevin Ryan, a pioneer in the field of character education, makes no mention of race in his Building Character in Schools: Practical Ways to Bring Moral Instruction to Life (with Karen Bohlin).
Phospholipase production in morphological variants of Candida albicans.

Summary. The yeast Candida albicans is considered a dangerous opportunist in a compromised host. Both phases of growth are thought to be pathogeniC., however, evidence suggests that the hyphal phase is the more virulent. It has been proposed that the increased virulence lies in the ability of hyphae to digest and penetrate host tissue, thus enabling access of fungal cells to the deeper tissues. However, this one characteristic does not sufficiently explain the organism's success as a pathogen. Recently, high-frequency, colonial morphology switching systems were described in C. albicans. We obtained some of these variants and tested them for the ability to produce extracellular phospholipase (s), a generally accepted mechanism of path-ogenesis in many microorganisms. Using egg yolk agar plates, we showed that all variants produced the enzyme. However, one produced significantly more than the others. Zusammenfassung. Die Hefe Candida albicans gilt als gefahrlicher Opportunist im abwehrge-schwachten Wirt. Beide Wachstumsphasen werden als pathogen angesehen, jedoch erscheint die Fila-mentphase virulenter. Die erhohte Virulenz, so wird interpretiert, liegt in der Fahigkeit der Hyphen, in das Wirtsgewebe einzudringen und es zu verdauen, wodurch den Pilzzellen Zugang zu den tieferen Ge-websschichten verschafft wird. Dieses eine Charak-teristikum erklart jedoch nicht hinreichend die Ge-samtwirksamkeit des Pilzes als Krankheitserreger. Kurzlich wurden hochfrequente Umschaltvorgange in der Koloniemorphologie fur C. albicans beschrie-ben. Wir haben einige dieser Varianten auf die Fahigkeit hin untersucht, extrazellulare Phospholipa-sen zu bilden, ein allgemein akzeptierter Patho-mechanismus bei vielen Mikroorganismen. Mit Hil-fe von Eigelb-Agar wurde gezeigt, das alle Varianten diese Enzyme produzieren. Ein Stamm war jedoch signifikant enzymaktiver als die anderen.
Query analysis specifications for SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is used to communicate between a manager and agents in the internetworking management system. The manager monitors the network by sending queries to agents, which, in turn, perform corresponding operations and reply to the manager with the query results. In this paper, we use formal semantics as a means of specifying query requirement's analysis and of establishing a conceptual basis for query procedure derivation. Our approach is demonstrated with respect to the two general purpose queries (get and get-next) of SNMP.
Undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid carcinoma and its mimics: a report of 59 cases

Background Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is relatively rare. A correct pathologic diagnosis is mandatory to exclude less aggressive entities, and guide management. We describe our experience with the fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytomorphology of ATC and potential mimics. Materials and methods Cytology files were searched to recover all cases of ATC/suspicious for ATC. Surgical pathology files were searched for ATC cases having corresponding cytology. FNA was performed using standard technique. Results Of 59 FNA cases, 34 were correctly diagnosed as ATC (or possible ATC); 22 were false negative, and 3 false positive. All but 2 patients were confirmed by tissue biopsy or clinical course. Of 56 true ATC cases [51 patients (mean age: 69 years) (F:M ratio: 1.24:1)], 40 were primary, 11 metastatic, 4 recurrent, and 1 indeterminate. Carcinoma not otherwise specified (6), malignant not otherwise specified (5), differentiated thyroid cancer (3), atypical (2), suspicious for neoplasm/malignancy (2), and unsatisfactory (4) constituted the false negative diagnoses. Smear cellularity and cell distribution were variable. Malignant cells were mostly epithelioid, but accompanied by pleomorphic, spindle, and multinucleated forms. Differentiated thyroid carcinoma was diagnosed in 5 cases. Background necrosis and/or inflammation were common (80%). Three false positive cases included 1 example each of melanoma, Hurthle cell carcinoma, and metastatic squamous carcinoma. Where follow-up was possible, 91% of patients were dead of disease. Conclusion A FNA diagnosis of ATC/probable ATC was made in 34 out of 56 cases (sensitivity: 61%). Problematic cases were associated with incomplete sampling, lack of cell block immunostaining, uncertainty of anatomic site, and overlapping morphologic features with non-ATC malignancies.
Acquisitions Trip to the Three Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, June 3–June 14, 2009

After giving a brief history of Yale University Library's Baltic collection, the author reports on her acquisitions trip to Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. She visited exchange partner libraries, bookstores, and book dealers in Riga, Vilnius, Tallinn, and Tartu. One of her goals for the trip was to set up approval plans with in‐country vendors and exchange partners. She also met with a number of alumni of the Baltic Library Internship at Yale, and some of the librarians who were competing for future internships.
SU-E-T-590: An Activation Study of Materials and Devices Present in a Proton Treatment Room

Purpose: The use of protons for radiation therapy is growing rapidly. One consequence of protons interacting with different media is activation. These nuclear reactions induced by the protons, scattered neutrons, and gamma rays, activate different materials encountered, particularly by the therapists. The purpose of this study was to examine the derived nuclides from the activation, and also the decay rate. Methods: The study was conducted in our proton therapy facility. Protons are derived from a synchrocyclotron and pass through field shipping systems, apertures, and range compensators to define the beam within the patient.Included materials of concerns measured; the patient support couch, sheet rock in the wall, solid plastics used for quality assurance and dosimetry, and the passive scattering system itself, which includes brass apertures, and Lucite or blue wax compensators. All devices were studied post irradiation using gamma spectroscopy to determine the nuclides, and a sodium iodine scintillation detector to measure decay, particularly when the dose rate fell to background levels. Results: We have also determined from the measurements we will maintain brass apertures for three months before sending them for scrap. Some of the radionuclides arrived from these measurements included Na-22 for the blue wax compensator, C1-34m for themore » sheetrock, and Sc-44 and Co-60 for the brass apertures. We found compensators made out of Lucite or wax decayed to background in 2 hours. The patient support couch decayed to background in approximately 40 minutes, and sheet rock decayed in 80 minutes. In terms of the aperture layers, the most proximal aperture slab had much higher activity than the distal slab. Also the proximal sides of the slabs were much more activate than the distal. Conclusion: We have given proper instruction to therapists performing quality assurance in terms of the handled plastics, and to handle apertures rapidly as possible.« less
Early molecular assessment of osseointegration in humans.

Objective To determine the early temporal-wide genome transcription regulation by the surface topography at the bone-implant interface of implants bearing microroughened or superimposed nanosurface topology. Materials and methods Four commercially pure titanium implants (2.2 × 5.0 mm) with either a moderately roughened surface (TiOblast) or super-imposed nanoscale topography (Osseospeed) were placed (n = 2/surface) in edentulous sites of eleven systemically healthy subjects and subsequently removed after 3 and 7 days. Total RNA was isolated from cells adherent to retrieved implants. A whole-genome microarray using the Affymetrix Human gene 1.1 ST Array was used to describe the gene expression profiles that were differentially regulated by the implant surfaces. Results There were no significant differences when comparing the two implant surfaces at each time point. However, the microarray identified several genes that were differentially regulated at day 7 vs. day 3 for both implant surfaces. Functionally relevant categories related to the extracellular matrix (ECM), collagen fibril organization, and angiogenesis were upregulated at both surfaces (day7 vs. day3). Abundant upregulation of several differential markers of alternative activated macrophages was observed (e.g., MRC1, MSR1, MS4A4A, SLC38A6, and CCL18). The biological processes involved with the inflammatory/immune response gene expression were concomitantly downregulated. Conclusions Gene regulation implicating collagen fibrillogenesis and ECM organization as well as the inflammatory/immune responses involving the alternative activated pathway are observed in implant adherent cells at early (3-7 days) after implantation. These gene expression events may indicate a pivotal role of collagen fibrillogenesis as well as immunomodulation in altering bone accrual and biomechanical physical properties of the implant-bone interface.
Adsorption, potential maps and diffusion of Si, C, and SiC on a Si(111) surface

Abstract Using semi-empirical potential energy functions, both the adsorption configurations and binding energies for carbon on silicon surfaces have been determined and the activation energy for surface diffusion evaluated. Simulation of Si, C and SiC diffusion on a Si(111) surface shows Si to be the most mobile, C to be slightly less mobile and SiC to be quite immobile.
Intrinsic doped fibre fluorescence-lifetime based high temperature alarm sensor

A fluorescence-based intrinsic fire alarm sensor system for determining local regions of high temperature has been demonstrated in this paper, the signal processing basis of which is using a correlation coefficient ratio scheme. Two separate sensor configurations have been illustrated, one of which is to use short, single lengths of fibre spliced into a network and the other a long single length of doped fibre, using typically Nd or Er doped fibre materials. The results show that the correlation coefficient ratio, R, is sensitive to the temperature excursion and will become smaller than unity and decrease with the increase of the local temperature. It is also been shown that the ratio R is related to the intensity of the fluorescence coming from the section of the fibre exposed to the high temperature from a fire.
ACCURATE CALCULATION OF VIBRATIONAL RESONANCES BY PERTURBATION THEORY

Abstract We construct rapidly convergent algebraic approximants from the perturbation series for anharmonic oscillators and obtain accurate resonance energies for the quartic oscillator with a negative coupling. The approximants take into account analytic properties of the eigenvalues. We compare our results with previous calculations performed by other authors.
The Use of the Refraction of X-Rays for the Determination of the Specific charge of the Electron

The discrepancies in the determination of the value of the fundamental constant $\frac{e}{m}$ by the two different methods developed so far make desirable the development of new methods for its evaluation. The index of refraction of x-rays offers one method. According to the theories developed so far, in the case of a dispersive medium with no critical frequencies near the frequency of the incident radiation, the value of $\frac{e}{m}$ may be expressed in terms of well-known constants, the wave-length of the incident radiation, and $\ensuremath{\delta}$ (one minus the index of refraction).Index of refraction of quartz for $\mathrm{MoK}{\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{1}$ and $\mathrm{K}\ensuremath{\beta}$ radiation. A new method of using the prism with x-rays has been developed and used to determine $\ensuremath{\delta}$. For crystalline quartz of density 2.6480 gm/${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$, $\ensuremath{\delta}$ was determined for the $K{\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{1}$ radiation of molybdenum as 1.804\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.001\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ and for the $K\ensuremath{\beta}$ as 1.436\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.001\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$.The calculation of $\frac{e}{m}$ is complicated by the discrepancies that have arisen in the absolute determinations of x-ray wave-lengths. Using the absolute wave-lengths as determined from the results of B\"acklin, Bearden, and Cork, the values of $\frac{e}{m}$ all lie between the values given by the spectroscopic and deflection methods, and they have nearly as great a range as the difference between the two older values. For this reason no definite conclusion can be made as to the most probable value of $\frac{e}{m}$.
SHOCK-INDUCED ABSORPTION CHANGES OF ANTHRACENE IN COMPARISON WITH CHANGES AT STATIC HIGH PRESSURES

The vibronic structure of the 1La absorption band of anthracene in hexane has been studied under shock compressions. The 1La band shifts toward the red, and the rate of the shift decreases as pressure increases. The temperature effect on the shift is found to be negligible. The red shift is due to dipole and induced-dipole interactions and is primarily driven by densification of the hexane solvent. Shock-induced changes are also analyzed by simple vibronic analysis. The band width, oscillator strength and excited state structure will be presented.
The Ess1 prolyl isomerase is linked to chromatin remodeling complexes and the general transcription machinery

The Ess1/Pin1 peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PPIase) is thought to control mitosis by binding to cell cycle regulatory proteins and altering their activity. Here we isolate temperature-sensitive ess1 mutants and identify six multicopy suppressors that rescue their mitotic-lethal phenotype. None are cell cycle regulators. Instead, five encode proteins involved in transcription that bind DNA, modify chromatin structure or are regulatory subunits of RNA polymerase II. A sixth suppressor, cyclophilin A, is a member of a distinct family of PPIases that are targets of immuno suppressive drugs. We show that the expression of some but not all genes is decreased in ess1 mutants, and that Ess1 interacts with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II in vitro and in vivo. The results forge a strong link between PPIases and the transcription machinery and suggest a new model for how Ess1/Pin1 controls mitosis. In this model, Ess1 binds and isomerizes the CTD of RNA polymerase II, thus altering its interaction with proteins required for transcription of essential cell cycle genes.
Determination of the relaxation time of a gas-liquid mixture

The relaxation time of a gas-liquid mixture is estimated. A new widely applicable Rayleigh-type equation for the dynamics of an interphase boundary in the field of a square pressure wave is integrated for various values of the initial bubble radius and wave loading. It is shown that the model of an equilibrium medium can be used to describe electric-explosion processes in real gas-liquid mixtures.
Deep brain stimulation in early Parkinson's disease: Enrollment experience from a pilot trial

Background Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus is an accepted therapy for advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). In animal models, pharmacologic ablation and stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus have resulted in clinical improvement and, in some cases, improved survival of dopaminergic neurons. DBS has not been studied in the early stages of PD, but early application should be explored to evaluate safety, efficacy, and the potential to alter disease progression.
Phase transformations in Ho2Si2O7 ceramics

Abstract It has been shown by the heat treatment experiments (1350–1500 °C) that the compound Ho2Si2O7 exists in four modifications, a triclinic low temperature phase (type B), a monoclinic modification (type C), a high temperature monoclinic (type D) and a high temperature orthorhombic modification (type E). The X-ray diffraction studies have been used to identify these phases. The lattice constants along with the space groups are reported. Optically clear small single crystals of C- and D-type Ho2Si2O7 have also been prepared by the flux method.
Laparoscopic versus open Nissen fundoplication: outcome of surgery in monozygotic twins.

ABSTRACT Differences in outcome and cost of laparoscopic and open surgery are continuously being evaluated. Two-year-old monozygotic twin boys with a previous history of prematurity, severe gastroe...
Chronology of Ksc and Ksc Related Events for 1998

This document is intended to serve as a record of Kennedy Space Center (KSC) events and is a reference source for historians and other researchers. Arrangement is by day and month and individual articles are attributed to published sources. Materials were researched and described by the KSC Library Archivist for KSC Library Services Contractor Information Dynamics, Inc.
Characterization of endophytic strains of Bacillus mojavensis and their production of surfactin isomers

Abstract Bacillus subtilis consists of a large collection of strains from which several cryptic species have been delineated, and most of these along with strains within the species are important biocontrol agents. Bacillus mojavensis , a species recently distinguished from this broad B. subtilis group of bacteria, was determined to be endophytic and to have biocontrol potential due to its inhibition of the maize mycotoxic fungus Fusarium verticillioides . Recently, we reported that a patented strain B. mojavensis produced the biosurfactant Leu 7 -surfactin that was inhibitory to fungi. In this study, the first objective was to validate the identity of strains, and analyze genotypically a collection of B. mojavensis strains, which involved analysis of repetitive-PCR amplified Bacillus DNA sequences with a PCR genotyping bar system. In an effort to understand further surfactin production, a second objective was to screen this collection of B. mojavensis strains for surfactin analogs. The results indicated that all strains are valid B. mojavensis , and that there was genotypic diversity among strains from the great deserts. Further, the study established that most strains can produce a mixture of surfactins that was comprised of acyl chain lengths ranging from C-11 to C-17. These experiments indentified high producers of C-15 surfactin, the most biologically active isoform. However, the in vitro inhibition observed did not necessarily relate to total surfactin concentrations, suggesting a complex mechanism for inhibition and/or the presence of other unknown factors.