cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Kinetic Properties and Metabolic Contributions of Yeast Mitochondrial and Cytosolic NADP+-specific Isocitrate Dehydrogenases

To compare kinetic properties of homologous isozymes of NADP+-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase, histidine-tagged forms of yeast mitochondrial (IDP1) and cytosolic (IDP2) enzymes were expressed and purified. The isozymes were found to share similar apparent affinities for cofactors. However, with respect to isocitrate, IDP1 had an apparent Km value ∼7-fold lower than that of IDP2, whereas, with respect to α-ketoglutarate, IDP2 had an apparent Km value ∼10-fold lower than that of IDP1. Similar Km values for substrates and cofactors in decarboxylation and carboxylation reactions were obtained for IDP2, suggesting a capacity for bidirectional catalysis in vivo. Concentrations of isocitrate and α-ketoglutarate measured in extracts from the parental strain were found to be similar with growth on different carbon sources. For mutant strains lacking IDP1, IDP2, and/or the mitochondrial NAD+-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), metabolite measurements indicated that major cellular flux is through the IDH-catalyzed reaction in glucose-grown cells and through the IDP2-catalyzed reaction in cells grown with a nonfermentable carbon source (glycerol and lactate). A substantial cellular pool of α-ketoglutarate is attributed to IDH function during glucose growth, and to both IDP1 and IDH function during growth on glycerol/lactate. Complementation experiments using a strain lacking IDH demonstrated that overexpression of IDP1 partially compensated for the glutamate auxotrophy associated with loss of IDH. Collectively, these results suggest an ancillary role for IDP1 in cellular glutamate synthesis and a role for IDP2 in equilibrating and maintaining cellular levels of isocitrate and α-ketoglutarate.
Data management issues and trade-offs in CSCW systems

Substantial interest has developed in recent years in building computer systems that support cooperative work among groups without the need for physical proximity. This paper examines some of the difficult data management issues in designing systems for computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW). Specifically, we consider an example CSCW system to support large-scale team science over the Internet: the Collaboratory Builder's Environment. We discuss the issues of managing shared data in such systems, reducing information overload and providing group awareness and access control. We discuss several promising approaches to these issues. We point out where a significant gap remains in addressing the requirements of such systems and where designers have to make design trade-offs that can be difficult to evaluate. Finally, we discuss several open issues for future work.
Acquired cor triventriculare, a rare complication of cardiomyopathy

P rimary myocardial disease is frequently complicated by mural thrombus formation. Although intracavitaq clot is suggested by previous pulmonar> or systemic emboli, mural thrombi are often not recognized until autopsy.*-7 The present report describes the clinical and pathologic features of a patient with primary myocardial disease in whom autopsy revealed a fibrin thrombus bisecting the left ventricular cavity into two separate compartments joined by several small communications. This form of curtain thrombus has not heretofore been reported, yet its antemortem recognition could prove to be valuable in the management of a patient with primary myocardial disease. If angiograph?; demonstrates this type of intracavitary thrombus, surgical removal would undoubtedl>. improve cardiac hemodynamics and prove Ijeneficial to a patient whose deteriorating course could he attributed to intracavitary clot.
Invited paper: Yin and Yang of embedded sensors for post-scaling-era

As gains in integrated circuit power and performance achieved through scaling of feature sizes slows, system and circuit design must carry more of the burden for improvement. Aggressive design decreases guardbands, increasing the risk of circuit failure. This paper discusses the increasing need for embedded on-chip sensors to enable aggressive design and also to help counter the attendant increased risks.
Length of Life: Short and Not So Merry

How long might a newly born human infant live? No one knows how long it will live because some infants die almost at birth and others live to be over a century of age and see their pictures published in the local newspapers. So we average (so to speak) the number of years lived by a group of people—a cohort—for example, all those born in 1910 or 1970 or any other specified time period, and that is length of life. That is how long the new infant might live.
Complexity in mentoring in a pre-service teacher practicum: a case study approach

Purpose – Significant effort has been made to support pre-service and novice teacher learning in the K-12 context. Less attention has been paid to promoting pre-service and novice second language teacher learning via collaboration with peers and more expert educators at the university level. In order to facilitate this type of teacher collaboration, a mentoring project was incorporated into the existing practicum of a Master of Arts in Teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) program at a US University. The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of the mentoring experiences of four ESL mentor-pre-service teacher pairs in the US University context. Design/methodology/approach – For this research project, eight teachers – four mentor-pre-service teacher pairs – participated as pairs in mentoring sessions focussed on activities such as co-planning, co-teaching, and co-reflecting on teaching. Informed by a sociocultural perspective on teacher learning (Vygotsky, 1978), this study presents case stud...
Coincidental impact of transcatheter patent foramen ovale closure on migraine with and without aura — A comprehensive meta-analysis

Abstract Background We analyzed the literature to assess the coincidental impact on migraines of transcatheter patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure performed for secondary stroke prevention. Methods We searched Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane database for studies published up until August 2013. We included English-language studies that provided information on complete resolution or improvement in migraine headaches following PFO closure. Two study authors identified 375 original articles and both independently reviewed 32 relevant manuscripts. Data including study methodology, inclusion criteria, PFO closure and migraine outcomes were extracted manually from all eligible studies. Pooled odds (and probability) of resolution or improvement of migraine headaches were calculated using random-effects models. Results Twenty studies were analyzed. Most were uncontrolled studies that included a small number of patients with cryptogenic stroke who had undergone PFO closure and had variable time of follow-up. The probability of complete resolution of migraine with PFO closure (18 studies, 917 patients) was 0.46 (95% confidence interval 0.39, 0.53) and of any improvement in migraine (17 studies, 881 patients) was 0.78 (0.74, 0.82). There was evidence for publication bias in studies reporting on improvement in migraines (Begg's p = 0.002), but not for studies on complete resolution of migraine (p = 0.3). In patients with aura, the probability of complete resolution of migraine post-PFO closure was 0.54 (0.43, 0.65), and in those without aura, complete resolution occurred in 0.39 (0.29, 0.51). Conclusions Among patients with unexplained stroke and migraine undergoing transcatheter PFO closure, resolution of headaches occurred in a majority of patients with aura and for a smaller proportion of patients without aura.
Investments in young children among low-income families

ABSTRACTThis article examines low-income parents’ monetary investments in their young children, asking how low-income families are able to afford spending on children. We investigate parental spending on child care and on goods in the home that may provide enrichment for young children. We find little evidence that households make spending trade-offs for either type of good. Instead, our results suggest that low-income households that can afford child care may be poor only temporarily and that they spend primarily when they are unable to avoid doing so because of family work patterns. For enrichment goods, parental education is a stronger predictor of spending.
Retrospective study of binkhorst intraocular lenses

A retrospective study of all Binkhorst implanted lens patients, currently in my practice, was conducted. Sixty-four (64) two-loop Binkhorst lenses were implanted in 53 patients from 1975 to 1989. Sixty percent of the eyss had 20/40 or better vision. Two hundred and thirty-two (232) four-loop Binkhorst lenses were implanted in 178 patients from 1974 to 1988. Seventy-one percent of eyes had 20/40 or better vision.
Wilderness Camping for the Diabetic

Wilderness camping presents a definite challenge to the teen-age diabetic. For the past three years groups of juvenile diabetics sponsored by the Twin Cities Diabetes Association have ventured into the Boundary Waters Canoe Area in northern Minnesota. Accompanied by a trail guide and a physician, these young men have learned to live with their diabetes under extreme circumstances. Their camping and medical supplies are discussed as well as their exchange lists and dietary management.
CONTINUOUS COOLING TRANSFORMATION BEHAVIOUR,MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF THICK AUTOMOBILE PLATES

The resonable chemical composition of autombile plate steels for deep drawn truck body pars was fixed.The continuous cooling transformation(CCT)diagrams for different grades were established.The simulation test shows that for microalloyed C-Mn steel,areicular ferrite is obtained at a cooling rate ranged from 15 to 35 C/s.With addition of boron,the region of arcicular ferrite transformation is progressively larger than that of C- Mn steel.Coiled at 620 C,good bending formability,low ratio of yield strength to tensile strength with tensile strength of 475 MPa,490 MPa and 560 MPa were obtained for C-Mn, C-Mn B and Si-Mn-Cr Mo steels respectively.
Reliability Study on the Complexity Network Carrying Power WAN Control Information

In order to improve the reliability of electric power communication network,we established the reliability of complex networks model based on bearing wide-area control information,extraction of power grid control business communication link reliability parameter,using path tracing algorithm for the reliability of complex networks model was simplified.The calculation results of the program and the actual example is very close to verify the validity of the model.
Purine ribonucleoside kinase activity and resistance to some analogs of adenosine.

6-Methylthiopurine ribonucleoside, a cytotoxic nucleoside with antitumor activity, was phosphorylated by cell-free preparations from H.Ep. #2 cells in culture and from yeast. Studies of phosphorylation in the presence of other nucleosides indicated that adenosine kinase was the enzyme catalyzing this phosphorylation and also the phosphorylation of several other cytotoxic nucleosides derived from adenosine by substitution at the 2-position, substitution of other groups for the 6-amino group, or alteration of the ring structure. Cell lines resistant to 6-methylthiopurine ribonucleoside were selected from H.Ep. #2 cells and from a subline resistant to 6-mercaptopurine; a third line resistant to 2-fluoroadenosine was selected from a subline of H.Ep. #2 cells resistant to 2-fluoroadenine. Each of the three resistant cell lines was also resistant to a series of adenosine analogs that were toxic to the parent cell line. The resistant cells were devoid of detectable capacity to phosphorylate 6-methylthiopurine ribonucleoside and adenosine, and this loss persisted when the cells were cultured for many generations in the absence of inhibitor. The resistant cells did not differ from the cell lines from which they were derived in capacity to utilize purines. These results indicate that adenosine kinase is an enzyme essential for the activation of many cytotoxic nucleosides and that loss of this enzyme activity is a mechanism of resistance to these nucleosides.
Early Adolescence as a Life Stress

Relationships between life stress and susceptibility to various physical and psychological disorders has been shown by many studies. These issues deserve careful study in early adolescence in particular. The concept of early adolescence is relatively new. The full range of adolescence in contemporary America is too lengthy and complex to be comprehended as a single undifferentiated entity of “teen-agers” or as “the adolescent.” Fortunately, during the past decade, stages of adolescence have been delineated. The earliest recognition of the significance of this specific age cohort was in a collection of stimulating papers in which outstanding investigators reanalyzed their adolescent research and experience with a focus on the twelve to sixteen year old population (Kagan and Coles, 1972). In further studies, early adolescence has emerged as a stressful period of development that has distinctive tasks, challenges and opportunities (Hamburg, 1974a, 1974b).
Idea and Actualization: Bruno Maderna's Adaptation of Friedrich Hölderlin's Hyperion

Abstract Among characterizations of the Darmstadt Summer Courses, none is more pervasive than the assertion that Darmstadt represented an intense Modernism, in particular a form of Modernism diametrically opposed to the excesses of Romanticism. But if Darmstadt is to be understood as a response to Romanticism, what are we to make of the ascendancy of Friedrich Holderlin, a key figure in German Romanticism, as a source for texts? Holderlin9s texts have been a perennial favorite for Darmstadt composers since its inception, but Bruno Maderna undertook the most ambitious use of Holderlin9s works during the period from 1960 to 1969. Maderna9s Hyperion , a collection of works based on Holderlin9s writings, amounted to no less than a rethinking of the Modernist project—one that does not shrink from its roots in Romanticism. Like the epistolary novel on which it is based, its idea is only approached through an interchangeable series of fragments, thereby engaging Romantic ideals of the work. Maderna9s Hyperion continually awaits its completion through performance.
THE ROLE OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES IN ADVANCED LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

As space mission durations increase and objectives became more diverse, life support equipment must also increase in capacity and diversity. Storage of expendable materials such as oxygen, water, and food needed to support life in space rapidly becomes prohibitively heavy and bulky for longer missions and larger crew sizes. Further, disposal of large quantities of wastes will be required. Thus, the recovery of useful materials by waste regeneration is a major consideration in advanced life support system development.
Financial Incentives and Truth-Telling: The Growth of Whistle-Blowing Legislation in the United States

Although government efforts to encourage whistleblowers to come forward date back to 1778, the United States has enjoyed a conflicted history with respect to whistleblowers. While some commentators pillory Edward Snowden, some privacy rights advocates praise his actions. Perhaps reflecting these conflicting sentiments, current protections in the U.S. are a patchwork collection of industry-specific legislation. The current slate of legislation is largely the result of the confluence of recurring waves of media publicity exposing government fraud, the growth in government spending and involvement, and Congress’s attempts to respond to adverse publicity concerning government fraud. The succession of public crises running from Watergate to the wasteful spending in the Iraq War, to the collapse of the financial and securities industries have demonstrated that the government needs whistleblowers to help expose fraud and waste. As successive legislative attempts to extend whistleblower protections have demonstrated, reform “is usually precipitated by some crisis or new political movement that disrupts the preexisting status quo.”
Understanding Ontotheology, or “The History that We Are”

The significant problems we face cannot be solved by the same level of thinking that created them. Albert Einstein (popular bumper sticker) It is one of life's ironies in our times that so many of us require more knowledge, even to find our way home, than we really care to have. J. Glenn Gray, The Promise of Wisdom What does Heidegger mean by ontotheology , and why should we care? We will see that Heidegger understands ontotheology as the two-chambered heart of Western metaphysics, “the history that we are” (N3 20/GA47 28). As I showed in Heidegger on Ontotheology: Technology and the Politics of Education , Heidegger's deconstruction of the metaphysical tradition leads him to the view that metaphysics does not just concern philosophers isolated in their ivory towers; on the contrary, “Metaphysics grounds an age.” As he explains: “Metaphysics grounds an age in that, through a specific interpretation of what is …, it gives the age the ground of its essential form” (QCT 115/GA5 75). Here Heidegger advances the thesis I call ontological holism . Put simply: Everything is , so by changing our understanding of what “is-ness” itself is, metaphysics can change our understanding of everything. In other words, metaphysics molds our very sense of what it means for something – anything – to be . Because everything intelligible “is” in some sense, Heidegger holds that: “Western humanity, in all its comportment toward entities, and that means also toward itself, is in every respect sustained and guided by metaphysics” (N4 205/GA6.2 309).
Introduction: From Rhyme to Reason

I live in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, above the small town of Volcano, California. Every summer my forested environs are festooned with what is called the “Classic Car Show,” or the “Concours d’Elegance” in the more pretentious neighborhoods. Hotrod enthusiasts traverse sparsely populated corridors of the state, intermittently discharging their trailers at picturesque locations to undertake choreographed formations of glint and horsepower. Comely and attentive consorts of the invariably male operators serve as what appear to be indispensable accessories. The events are unusually popular, and the local economies relish the attention. These often wild and exotic machines are judged according to criteria that account for the complex aspects of their provenance. Their patrons are mesmerized and seduced, in no small part due to the backdrop of incense cedars and granite outcroppings. The woman, the wilderness, and the machine. Although hardly proud of it, and certainly doubtful of its gender neutrality, I detect in this confluence a popular concentration of beauty, American style.
Disease, Resistance, and Lies: The Demise of the Transatlantic Slave Trade to Brazil and Cuba. By Dale T. Graden. (Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 2014. Pp. x, 291. $35.00.)

The author of this book examines the end of the transatlantic slave trade with regard to the two most important slave societies of Latin America and the Caribbean: Brazil and Cuba. He focuses on th...
Spectrum of autoimmune diseases and systemic inflammatory syndromes in patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder with overlapping features of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and myeloproliferative neoplasms that has an inheren...
Clouds homogenize shoot temperatures, transpiration, and photosynthesis within crowns of Abies fraseri (Pursh.) Poiret.

Multiple studies have examined the effects of clouds on shoot and canopy-level microclimate and physiological processes; none have yet done so on the scale of individual plant crowns. We compared incident photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), leaf temperatures, chlorophyll fluorescence, and photosynthetic gas exchange of shoots in three different spatial locations of Abies fraseri crowns on sunny (clear to partly cloudy) versus overcast days. The field site was a Fraser fir farm (1038 m elevation) in the Appalachian mountains, USA. Ten saplings of the same age class were marked and revisited for all measurements. Sunny conditions corresponded with 5–10× greater sunlight incidence on south-facing outer shoots compared to south-facing inner and north-facing outer shoots, which were shaded and received only indirect (diffuse) sunlight. Differences in spatial distribution of irradiance were mirrored in differences in shoot temperatures, photosynthesis, and transpiration, which were all greater in south-facing outer shoots compared to more shaded crown locations. In contrast, overcast conditions corresponded with more homogeneous sunlight distribution between north and south-facing outer shoots, and similar shoot temperatures, chlorophyll fluorescence (ΦPSII), photosynthesis, and transpiration; these effects were observed in south-facing inner shoots as well, but to a lesser extent. There was no significant difference in conductance between different crown locations on sunny or overcast days, indicating spatial differences in transpiration under sunny conditions were likely driven by leaf temperature differences. We conclude that clouds can affect spatial distribution of sunlight and associated physiological parameters not only within forest communities, but within individual crowns as well.
Effect of Drying and Exposure to Vaporous Hydrogen Peroxide on the Inactivation of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) on Non-porous Surfaces:

This study demonstrated the combined effect of drying and vaporous hydrogen peroxide exposure on inactivating highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) on the non-porous materials glass, Hypalon® ru...
Impaired reversal learning in an animal model of anorexia nervosa.

Abstract Background Clinical investigations indicate that anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with impaired cognitive flexibility. Activity-based anorexia (ABA), a rodent behavioral model of AN, is characterized by compulsive wheel running associated with voluntary food restriction and progressive weight loss. The goal of this study was to test whether ABA is associated with impaired cognitive flexibility. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to perform the attentional set-shifting test (ASST) to assess cognitive flexibility, including capacity for set-shifting and reversal learning. Rats were assigned to ABA or weight-loss paired control (WPC) conditions. Following baseline testing, the ABA group had access to food for 1 h/d and access to running wheels 23 h/d until 20% weight loss was voluntarily achieved. For the WPC group, running wheels were locked and access to food was restricted to reduce body weight at the same rate as the ABA group. ASST performance was assessed after weight loss, and again following weight recovery. Results Compared to baseline, the ABA group (but not the WPC group) showed a significant decrement in reversal learning at low weight, with return to baseline performance following weight restoration. The other components of ASST were not affected. Conclusions Impaired reversal learning, indicative of increased perseverative responding, in the ABA model reveals its potential to recapitulate selective components of cortical dysfunction in AN. This finding supports the utility of the ABA model for investigations of the neural mechanisms underlying such deficits. Reversal learning relies on neural circuits involving the orbitofrontal cortex and thus the results implicate orbitofrontal abnormalities in AN-like state.
Drain the Swamp: The Alligators of Wall Street, Billionaire Snakes of Corporate America, Swamp Creatures of Washington, and Militarist Generals

After naming Republican National Committee Chairman Reince Priebus Chief of Staff, and alt-right extremist Steve Bannon as his “Chief Strategist,” the Trump transition team started announcing would-be cabinet appointments and key officials for a Trump administration.
A Phenomenological Exploration of the Role of Digital Technology and Media in Children’s Subjective Well-Being

This phenomenological study examined children’s subjective well-being (N = 22) in rural and urban areas of the Midwestern United States, as part of a larger multinational comparative qualitative study of children’s well-being. Children (8 to 12 years old) completed an extended, semi-structured qualitative interview and mapping exercise that prompted them to draw and describe the scope, aspects of, and influences on their subjective well-being. Phenomenological analyses of children’s responses were conducted to identify aspects of their contexts, including their use of digital technology and media (DTM), that were linked to children’s subjective well-being. Two main themes emerged; 1) children reported that DTM is not essential to their well-being but 2) DTM is important to their well-being. Six sub-themes emerged under the DTM is important theme. Children reported that DTM is rewarding and valuable to them, and it contributes to their life satisfaction. They also reported that DTM use enhances their connections to others, self-acceptance, autonomy, and competence and skills. Results are discussed in regards to children’s self-identified hedonic and eudaimonic aspects of their well-being, and are placed within a contextual framework of child well-being. Implications, strengths, and weaknesses of the study are discussed.
Leading by Example: The Impact of Female Supervisors on Worker Productivity

Women are increasingly holding supervisory positions in organizations, and yet we know little about the impact of supervisor gender on worker productivity. In this paper, we draw on administrative ...
The human skin microbiome

Functioning as the exterior interface of the human body with the environment, skin acts as a physical barrier to prevent the invasion of foreign pathogens while providing a home to the commensal microbiota. The harsh physical landscape of skin, particularly the desiccated, nutrient-poor, acidic environment, also contributes to the adversity that pathogens face when colonizing human skin. Despite this, the skin is colonized by a diverse microbiota. In this Review, we describe amplicon and shotgun metagenomic DNA sequencing studies that have been used to assess the taxonomic diversity of microorganisms that are associated with skin from the kingdom to the strain level. We discuss recent insights into skin microbial communities, including their composition in health and disease, the dynamics between species and interactions with the immune system, with a focus on Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus.
Surgical Management of Diffuse Corneal Opacities

■ Surgical management of corneal opacities secondary to inflammatory diseases usually help restore vision and improve the cosmetic appearance of the eye, especially when the opacities are large and diffuse. In the acute stage, such intervention helps preserve the globe, as in cases of corneal perforation, and at a later stage, visual restoration can be attempted using the appropriate technique described in this chapter.
Parasitic diseases. Other roundworms. Trichuris, hookworm, and Strongyloides.

SUMMARY Trichuriasis may be asymptomatic or, in heavy infection, lead to profuse, bloody diarrhea and rectal prolapse. Diagnosis is made by finding the distinctive barrel shaped eggs in the stool or in the heavily infested patient, by anoscopy and identification of worms attached to reddened and ulcerated rectal mucosa. Mebendazole is the drug of choice in treatment. Capillariasis, a parasitic infection encountered mainly in the Philippine Islands, is of interest in that the eggs may be confused with the eggs of trichuris. Hookworm disease is generally asymptomatic, but in heavy infection, leads to iron deficiency and hypochromic, microcytic anemia. Diagnosis is made by finding the characteristic hookworm eggs on a examination of a direct fecal film. Accidental invasion of humans by dog and cat hookworm leads to cutaneous larva migrans, also known as “creeping eruption.” Human hookworm is treated most effectively with mebendazole, while the rash produced by creeping eruption responds to topical thiabendazole. Strongyloides is fairly common in rural areas of the southeastern United States and may be seen in the urban setting among inmates of mental institutions, prisons, and in immigrants who formerly resided in endemic tropical regions. Because of its remarkable capacity for dissemination of larvae throughout the body, this parasite is now recognized as a serious problem for the patient who is immunocompromised. Diagnosis is made by finding larvae in the stool or by the Enterotest. All infected patients should be treated with thiabendazole. I consider the issue on Drugs For Parasitic Infections, published annually or biannually by The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics, 8 to be the single best source of information on the treatment of parasitic diseases for primary care physicians.
Toward A Code Pattern Based Vulnerability Measurement Model

Many access control patterns, both positive and negative, have been identified in the past. However, there is little research describing how to leverage those patterns for the detection of access control bugs in code. Many software bug detection models and frameworks for access control exist, however most of these approaches and tools are process-based and suffer from many limitations. We propose a framework to detect access control bugs based on code pattern detection. Our framework will mine and generate bug patterns, detect those patterns in code, and calculate a vulnerability measure of software. Based on our knowledge we are the first pattern-based model for the detection and measurement of bugs in software. As a proof of concept, we perform a case study of the relational database access control pattern "Improper Authorization''.
The 'Waters of the United States' Rule and the Void-for-Vagueness Doctrine

Because the Clean Water Act imposes criminal sanctions for violation of its terms, agency rules interpreting those terms must be precise. The breadth and complexity of the EPA–Army Corps of Engineers Waters of the United States Rule exceed what the law can demand of a “person of ordinary intelligence,” but “waters of the United States” can be construed in a manner that is faithful to its Commerce Clause origins and readily applicable by the average person. That construction — a body of water that can be used by ark, raft, or boat to reach a traditional navigable water — allows the federal government to protect navigation and water quality without putting the average American at risk of violating the criminal law.
Southward propagation of Nazca subduction along the Andes.

The Andean margin is the plate-tectonic paradigm for long-lived, continuous subduction, yet its geology since the late Mesozoic era (the past 100 million years or so) has been far from steady state. The episodic deformation and magmatism have been attributed to cyclic changes in the dip angle of the subducting slab, slab break-off and the penetration of the slab into the lower mantle; the role of plate tectonics remains unclear, owing to the extensive subduction of the Nazca–Farallon plate (which has resulted in more than 5,500 kilometres of lithosphere being lost to the mantle). Here, using tomographic data, we recreate the plate-tectonic geometry of the subducted Nazca slab, which enables us to reconstruct Andean plate tectonics since the late Mesozoic. Our model suggests that the current phase of Nazca subduction began at the northern Andes (5° S) during the late Cretaceous period (around 80 million years ago) and propagated southwards, reaching the southern Andes (40° S) by the early Cenozoic era (around 55 million year ago). Thus, contrary to the current paradigm, Nazca subduction has not been fully continuous since the Mesozoic but instead included episodic divergent phases. In addition, we find that foredeep sedimentation and the initiation of Andean compression are both linked to interactions between the Nazca slab and the lower mantle, consistent with previous modelling. The current phase of subduction of the Nazca slab was established in the Peruvian Andes after a plate reorganization around 80 million years ago and then propagated progressively southwards.
129) Sleep Changes in Adolescents with Chronic Pain Enrolled in Intensive Interdisciplinary Pain Treatment

Research demonstrates bi-directional associations between sleep difficulty and chronic pain, as well as relationships between sleep, daily function, and mental health. Adolescents with chronic pain frequently report difficulty falling and staying asleep, associated daytime fatigue, and decreased energy levels. However, few studies track both objective and subjective sleep changes in adolescents with chronic pain, and how these changes impact measures of daily functioning and mental health. This prospective longitudinal study followed 62 adolescents (53 female, age 13-17) through an intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment (IIPT) program consisting of daily intensive exercise, creative and relaxation-based coping, and psychological intervention. Prior to entering the program, all sleep medications besides melatonin were discontinued. Participants were assessed prior to the program, weekly throughout the program, and approximately one month after completion using actigraphy and self-report measures of sleep, fatigue, anxiety, depression, daily functioning, and pain. Paired samples t-tests were performed and accompanied by hierarchical linear modeling for longitudinal analyses. At baseline, patients were dissatisfied with their sleep (mean score 1.13, range 0-4) and reported difficulty falling asleep (mean 2.69, range 0-4), low energy (46/100) and high fatigue (T-score=63). Objective measures suggested adequate sleep efficiency (92%), but a 58-minute latency to persistent sleep. Statistically-significant improvements were observed at program end for sleep satisfaction, as well as difficulty falling asleep, energy level, and daytime fatigue, with continued improvement at the 2-week follow up (all P's
Wednesday, September 26, 2018 7:35 AM–9:00 AM ePosters: P21. Effect of vancomycin on postoperative infection rates in thoracic spinal cord stimulation implants

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Spinal cord stimulators are used to treat chronic neuropathic pain. Intraoperative vancomycin powder offers protection against surgical site infections. However, there is a general lack of information regarding patient demographics and surgical procedures that may benefit the most from intraoperative vancomycin powder. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to analyze rates of infection in patients where prophylactic powdered vancomycin was administered during spinal cord stimulation implanted devices. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING Retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients from a single academic center who had spinal cord stimulation devices implanted at the thoracic vertebrae level from 2012 through 2017 for chronic neuropathic pain. PATIENT SAMPLE n=594 patients. METHODS Patients’ demographics, surgical data, postoperative charts and up to 6-month follow-up visits were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n=406) patients who received intraoperative vancomycin powder; and Group 2 (n=188) patients who did not receive vancomycin powder. ANOVA analyses were performed; p RESULTS Patients mean age=52years (range: 19–92), gender: 51% females and 49% males, mean vancomycin dosage=0.29 g (range: 0.25 g to 1 g). Sixty-eight percent of the patients received perioperative vancomycin powder. Demographics were similar between the groups; however, there were more active smokers (37% vs. 30%, p=.06) in Group 2 and more diabetic patients (18% vs. 10%, p=.007) in Group 1. The overall postoperative infection rate was 3.2% (19) with the rate significantly lower in Group 1 (n=8, 2.2%) versus Group 2 (n=18, 5.3%), p=.04. Fifty percent of the infections (n=4) were late infections (>3 month) in Group 2 and none were reported in Group 1. All the infections were successfully managed with I&D, stimulation device removal and IV antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS The overall postoperative infection rate for thoracic spinal cord stimulants was 3.2%, and significantly lower in patients receiving vancomycin powder. Addition of vancomycin powder to the two wounds just before closure can decrease the infection rate.
Interface modification of HfO2-based ReRAM via low temperature anneal

Resistive Random Access Memory (ReRAM) is a novel form of non-volatile memory with a variety of applications ranging from neuromorphic circuits used for artificial intelligence applications, to a potential replacement for flash memory. Each application has specific requirements including R off/R on ratio, maximum variability tolerance, retention, endurance, and operating voltages. Tuning of individual performance metrics for a particular application often results in performance trade-offs. In this work, we demonstrate the adjustment of the above-mentioned parameters via manipulation of the pre-forming oxygen vacancy gradient using a controlled annealing step with nanoscale HfO2-based ReRAM devices. ReRAM devices of 100 × 100 nm2 were implemented between the metal 1 and 2 interconnect in a custom designed split via process, using 65 nm CMOS processing technology. A temperature study on these devices was performed to optimize the oxygen vacancy gradient from the switching layer to the oxygen scavenger layer. Devices in a 1 transistor/1 ReRAM (1T1R) configuration were subjected to 300 °C–400 °C, for 1–120 min and then electrically characterized using DC switching and endurance testing. Based on the results of this study, we outline the temperature constraints for post-fabrication drive-in of oxygen vacancies via annealing-based treatment of HfO2 based ReRAM devices.
Culture Sleep and Its Vicissitudes in the Perinatal Period and During Early Childhood

Sleep is a physiologic phenomenon present but not necessarily preserved across species. It is believed that this a process by which the body attains much needed energy restoration. However, for the brain, the act of sleeping (through rapid and non-rapid eye movement stages) is a very active event in which situations encountered during wakefulness are believed to be thoroughly processed. It is believed that this relates strongly to memory consolidation. Sleep nonetheless varies substantially not only across age groups, but also across social and cultural circumstances. Specific practices heavily influence the format and duration of sleep, supported by established and embedded surrounding beliefs about the properties, value, and meaning of sleep and dreams. This chapter examines the process of sleep in the pregnant woman, the newborn, and throughout early childhood as a social phenomenon, exploring cultural beliefs that surround the very complex physiologic nature of this process (sleep paralysis, dreams, among others).
Cognition and Spatial Concept Formation: Comparing Non-Digital and Digital Instruction Using Three-Dimensional Models in Science.

This study compared physical and digital models of a scientific topic in order to determine representational competence, short- and long-term cognition, and the extent to which physical or digital interfaces enhance spatial ability. The DNA molecule was used as a representative spatial topic to investigate conceptual and spatial understanding. Findings suggest a significant effect among four conditions: F(3) = 3.47, p = .02. A Tukey-HSD post hoc analysis identified a significant difference between the paper instruction/paper assessment dyad and the digital instruction/digital assessment dyad (d = .78). The results of an independent-samples t test analyzing the difference between the methods of instruction regardless of method of assessment demonstrated a significant difference in the scores for paper instruction and digital instruction conditions; t(130) = 2.56, p = 0.006. These outcomes demonstrated greater 3-D representational and conceptual understanding of the DNA molecule when paper models were constructed.
An investigation of the perspectives of low-income Latina mothers with preschoolers transitioning to kindergarten:

Research in the United States (U.S.) documents that young Latino children whose families are characterized by demographic risk factors disproportionately lack the early literacy skills needed to su...
Laparoscopic Meckel' s diverticulectomy and enteroenterostomy in children

Objective To assess the feasibility of laparoscopic Meckel' s diverticulectomy and enteroenterostomy in children. Methods The clinical data of 15 laparoscopic Meckel's diverticulum resection by was analyzed. The diverticula were resected under laparoscopically or were exteriorized through the umbilical incision for resection and anastomosis. Results All of Meckel's diverticula were successfully treated, including 13 cases (86.67%) of laparoscopic Meckel's diverticulectomy and enteroenterostomy. The operative time was 29 to 78m (41. 38 ± 14. 59 m). The mean hospital stay was 7 days. Conclusions Laparoscopic Meckel's diverticulectomy and enteroenterostomy is an effective approach. Key words: Meckel's diverticulum; Laparoscopy surgical procedures
Sewing Masks - Resilience in the Face of Covid.

Sewing Masks — Resilience in the Face of Covid As we weather this pandemic, we are starting to consider what recovery will look like. How can we mitigate the trauma of Covid-19 and its treatment fo...
Towards Finding the Optimum Position in the Visual Field for a Head Worn Display Used for Task Guidance with Non-registered Graphics

Where should a HWD be placed in a user's visual field? We present two studies that compare comfort, preference, task efficiency and accuracy for various HWD positions. The first study offsets a 9.2° horizontal field-of-view (FOV) display temporally (toward the ear) from 0° to 30° in 10° steps. 30° proves too uncomfortable while 10° is the most preferred position for a simple button-pushing game, corroborating results from previous single-task reading experiments. The second experiment uses a Magic Leap One to compare 10° x 10° FOV interfaces centered at line-of-sight, temporally offset 15° (center-right), inferiorly offset 15° (bottom-center), and offset in both directions (bottom-right) for an order picking task. The bottom-right position proved worst in terms of accuracy and several subjective metrics when compared to the line-of-sight position.
TELETRABAJO Y AMPLIFICACIÓN DE LA DESIGUALDAD EN LA SOCIEDAD POST-PANDEMIA ESPAÑOLA: TELEWORKING AND THE AMPLIFICATION OF INEQUALITY IN SPAIN'S POST-PANDEMIC SOCIETY

RESUMENAunque el teletrabajo ya existia antes de la pandemia, su irrupcion e implementacion a gran escala sugiere un cambio de paradigma laboral. En general la recepcion de esta modalidad laboral ha sido optimista pero su implantacion repentina pone de manifiesto una serie de desigualdades estructurales a muy diferentes niveles: entre paises miembros de la UE, entre zonas geograficas y sectores comerciales, entre grados de cualificacion/capacitacion y en terminos de edad, etnia y clase. Esta desigualdad estructural presenta complejos retos para la sociedad post-covid. El texto se basa en los datos extraidos de una encuesta administrada a 66 teletrabajadores durante el confinamiento; en datos comparativos recabados de informes oficiales, y en literatura teorica sobre la evolucion del capitalismo cognitivo y la emergencia del trabajo remoto. Palabras clave: Teletrabajo; Desigualdad; Covid-19; Capitalismo cognitivo; Clase creativa. ABSTRACT Although teleworking existed before the pandemic, its emergence and large-scale implementation suggest a paradigm shift in the world of work. While the reception of teleworking has been optimistic in general, its sudden introduction reveals a series of underlying structural inequalities, between manual workers and cognitive workers, between European Union member countries, geographic territories, business sectors job qualification, age, ethnicity, and class. Such structural inequality, amplified by teleworking, presents significant challenges for work and society in the future of postCovid society. The text draws on data extracted from a survey administered to 66 teleworkers during lockdown; on comparative data collected from official reports, and the theoretical literature on the evolution of cognitive capitalism and the emergence of remote work.Keywords: Telework; Inequality; Covid-19; Cognitive capitalism; Creative class.
Discovery about Discovery: Sampling Practice and the Resolution of Discovery Disputes in an Age of Ever-Increasing Information

This Article provides the first extended academic consideration of a new practice adopted by an increasing number of courts to resolve e-discovery disputes — the sampling of a small portion of the information sought in backup or other relatively inaccessible files. We provides a comprehensive overview and statistical analysis of contemporary sampling techniques, identifying issues where sampling practice is inconsistent or where additional guidance appears to be required. Our aim is to provide a coherent theoretical approach to the use of sampling, suggesting “best practices” for many unresolved issues, and locating sampling practice within broader contemporary debates about discovery.
Interview: Ghostly Presences and Hindutva 2.0: An Interview with Anustup Basu

Mou BanerjeeProfessor Basu, it is my honor and privilege to conduct this interview with you at the invitation of Political Theology. Your book is fantastic. It's incredibly timely. It's urgent. You...
Data mining for intrusion detection: techniques, applications and systems

An intrusion is defined as any set of actions that compromise the integrity, confidentiality or availability of a resource. Intrusion detection is an important task for information infrastructure security. One major challenge in intrusion detection is that we have to identify the camouflaged intrusions from a huge amount of normal communication activities. Data mining is to identify valid, novel, potentially useful, and ultimately understandable patterns in massive data. It is demanding to apply data mining techniques to detect various intrusions. In the last several years, some exciting and important advances have been made in intrusion detection using data mining techniques. Research results have been published and some prototype systems have been established. Inspired by the huge demands from applications, the interactions and collaborations between the communities of security and data mining have been boosted substantially. This seminar will present an interdisciplinary survey of data mining techniques for intrusion detection so that the researchers from computer security and data mining communities can share the experiences and learn from each other. Some data mining based intrusion detection systems will also be reviewed briefly. Moreover, research challenges and problems will be discussed so that future collaborations may be stimulated. For data mining/database researchers and practitioners, the seminar will provide background knowledge and opportunities for applying data mining techniques to intrusion detection and computer security. For computer security researchers and practitioners, it provides knowledge on how data mining can benefit and enhance computer security. We will try to understand and appreciate the following technical issues.