cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
“We suffered in our bones just like them”: Comparing Migrations at the Margins of Europe

In this article, I trace how return migrants (former labor emigrants) from Andalusia, Spain draw on their regional history of emigration as a resource for claiming the moral authority to assess immigrants from the global south. By comparing their own migratory experiences and those of new migrants, Andalusians renegotiate competing ideas about their region's membership in Europe, a question with renewed political saliency during the ongoing economic crisis. Specifically, they use comparisons to claim a more central place in Europe for Andalusia, while at the same time eschewing moral culpability for Europe's mistreatment of labor emigration. To do so, Andalusian return migrants mobilize discourses of migrant suffering at various geopolitical scales of belonging, often mapping Andalusians’ experiences of emigration and return onto the region's historical trajectory of Europeanization. The scaling up and down of discourses of migrant suffering in the context of historical narratives of migration enables Andalusians to claim moral superiority based on their non-European, migrant past while also claiming European belonging in the present. Memorializing and assessing migrant suffering thus become forms of discursive work that help construct the political and moral limits of Europeanness. Through analysis of this process, I call for a more central focus on return migration and the intersection of multiple kinds of population mobility in migration research and in the study of European unification.
Climate Change and Food Systems Research: Current Trends and Future Directions

Rising mean temperatures, sea-level rise, and the increasing frequencies of extreme climate events, such as drought and heat waves, are expected to destabilize global food systems. In response to this challenge, there has been a growing body of research seeking to address climate change impacts on food systems. To evaluate the current directions of climate change and food systems research, we undertook a literature search of 196 peer-reviewed articles on the topic of climate change and food systems. Studies varied in scope and methodology, and many were framed in the context of food security. Three recurring themes within climate change and food systems research were identified: (1) vulnerability and adaptation, (2) sustainable food systems, and/or (3) biophysical impacts on food production. Additionally, we identified research gaps and discernible directions for future research. Our synthesis suggests that much of the current climate change and food systems research neglects systems-based perspectives to conceptualizing problems and solutions, there is little consideration of the differential impacts of biophysical drivers and associated outcomes in different regions, and finally, there is a lack of critical perspectives addressing underlying political structures that maintain current food systems. We suggest that future research bridge these gaps if we are to adequately address the inherently complex nature of food systems under a changing climate.
Near-Optimal Noncoherent Sequence Detection for Doubly Dispersive Channels

We propose a scheme for near-optimal sequence detection (SD) of uncoded block transmissions over unknown doubly dispersive (DD) channels. Starting with a noncoherent maximum likelihood (ML) metric that leverages a basis expansion model (BEM) for the channel's time-variation, we propose an efficient noncoherent SD strategy based on suboptimal tree search with a fast metric update. Our scheme yields performance within a fraction-of-a-dB from ML sequence detection with genie aided channel estimates, and maintains complexity that is only quadratic in the block length.
Pricing Problems Under the Nested Logit Model with a Quality Consistency Constraint

We consider pricing problems when customers choose among the products according to the nested logit model and there is a quality consistency constraint on the prices charged for the products. We consider two types of quality consistency constraint. In the first, there is an inherent ordering between the qualities of the products in a particular nest and the price for a product of a higher quality should be larger. In the second type of constraint, different nests correspond to different quality levels; the price for any product in a nest corresponding to a higher quality level should be larger than the price for any product in a nest corresponding to a lower quality level. Prices for the products are chosen from a finite set of possible prices. We develop algorithms to find the prices to charge for the products to maximize the expected revenue obtained from a customer, while adhering to a quality consistency constraint. Our algorithms are based on solving linear programs whose sizes scale polynomially wit...
Re-Use and Patterns of Digital Innovation in Open Crowds

This paper examines reuse patterns in transparent multi-staged contests, in which a crowd of developers can reuse others’ designs when developing a novel digital application. They compete for the best application, one that is of high quality in both code and feature. Transparency, defined as collective information access to (1) the design solution, and (2) and the quality of it, triggers variability in reuse choices. Depending on the relative performance, developers adapt their risk preference along a continuum of exploitative to explorative reuse. However, variability in reuse behavior is also shaped by an individuals’ design preference: to focus on either code or feature. To explore patterns of reuse and performance emerging from this micro-level heterogeneity, we develop an agent-based simulation model, informed by theory of reuse and variable risk preferences, as well as emerging empirical data. Our results reveal unexpected discontinuous performance patterns. Design preferences, a bias towards code or feature, lowers the collective performance of the crowd. However, transparency insulates those at the top from such negative effects. It produces high performing designs even if there is bias. Further, while transparency reduces variability and smooths the patterns among those at the top, it also creates unique opportunities for ‘newcomers’ to submit high-quality applications.
Sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma: Treatment outcomes and association with human papillomavirus.

Background The purpose of this study was to review long-term outcomes of sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and to clarify its association with human papillomavirus (HPV). Methods The medical records of 23 patients with sinonasal ACC treated with primary surgical resection between 1998 and 2013 were reviewed. Tissue specimens were available for 17 patients. The p16 testing was performed using immunohistochemistry (IHC), and HPV infection was determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers targeting the E6/E7 region. Results Two of the 17 samples showed strong and diffuse p16 staining, whereas the remaining 15 cases showed p16-positivity isolated to the luminal cells. Only one of the p16-positive cases was positive for HPV. The 5-year local failure, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were 51%, 52%, and 62%, respectively. Conclusion Local failures are common with advanced sinonasal ACC, and the association of HPV with true sinonasal ACC is low.
Metabolite damage and repair in metabolic engineering design

The necessarily sharp focus of metabolic engineering and metabolic synthetic biology on pathways and their fluxes has tended to divert attention from the damaging enzymatic and chemical side-reactions that pathway metabolites can undergo. Although historically overlooked and underappreciated, such metabolite damage reactions are now known to occur throughout metabolism and to generate (formerly enigmatic) peaks detected in metabolomics datasets. It is also now known that metabolite damage is often countered by dedicated repair enzymes that undo or prevent it. Metabolite damage and repair are highly relevant to engineered pathway design: metabolite damage reactions can reduce flux rates and product yields, and repair enzymes can provide robust, host-independent solutions. Herein, after introducing the core principles of metabolite damage and repair, we use case histories to document how damage and repair processes affect efficient operation of engineered pathways - particularly those that are heterologous, non-natural, or cell-free. We then review how metabolite damage reactions can be predicted, how repair reactions can be prospected, and how metabolite damage and repair can be built into genome-scale metabolic models. Lastly, we propose a versatile 'plug and play' set of well-characterized metabolite repair enzymes to solve metabolite damage problems known or likely to occur in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology projects.
Long-term cropping system and nitrogen management effects on soil properties

9 INTRODUCTION 11 METHODS AND MATERIALS 14 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 22 Rotation-Fertility Studies 22 Continuous Corn-Fertility Study 29 Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics Model 32 SUMMARY 39 REFERENCES 40 PAPER II. LONG-TERM CROPPING SYSTEM EFFECTS ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 43 ABSTRACT 45 INTRODUCTION 4745 INTRODUCTION 47 METHODS AND MATERIALS 50 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 59 Crop Year within Rotation 61 Cropping System by First Year in Corn 68 Retention Characteristics 78
Beyond Dichotomous Choices: Responses to Chinese Initiative in Southeast Asia

Despite expectations that China’s power status will compel states to balance or bandwagon, the Southeast Asian experience suggests a more complicated story. While great power incentive structures clearly condition Southeast Asian choices, smaller states, moved by strongly held beliefs in self-determination, have complicated large power agendas and initiatives, even as they have sought new cooperation. Drawing on a growing literature on Southeast Asian strategy, this chapter considers a range of Southeast Asian responses as illustrations of states’ efforts to accommodate but also condition China’s role in Southeast Asia. Theoretically, it draws attention to both the changing and immutable conditions that shape Southeast Asian responses, the multidimensionality of Chinese power that complicates easy categorizations, and the social dynamism, not just the structural conditions, of China–Southeast Asian relations.
Ingested (Oral) Rituximab Inhibits EAE (P5.316)

BACKGROUND: Blocking CD20 can inhibit autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). OBJECTIVE: We examined whether an antibody against CD20, rituximab (RTX) (Rituxan), used clinically in oncology, MS and RA would have similar anti-inflammatory effects in EAE after oral administration. DESIGN/METHODS: B6 mice were immunized with MOG peptide 35-55 and gavaged with control saline or RTX during ongoing disease. Splenocytes, CD4+ T cells or macrophages/monocyte lineage cells (CD11b+) from control fed or RTX fed mice were adoptively transferred into active MOG peptide 35-55 immunized recipient mice during ongoing disease. Actively fed and recipient mice were examined for disease inhibition, inflammation, and cytokine responses. RESULTS: Ingested (oral) RTX inhibited ongoing disease and decreased inflammation. Adoptively transferred cells from RTX fed donors protected against actively induced disease and decreased inflammation. There was a decrease in Th1-like cytokines IFN-γ and IL-12, IL-17 and TNF-α in active fed and adoptively treated recipients without upregulation of counter-regulatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS: Ingested (orally administered) RTX can inhibit disease, CNS inflammation, decrease pro-inflammatory IL-17 and Th1-like cytokines without increases in Th2-like anti-inflammatory cytokines. Disclosure: Dr. Brod has received personal compensation for activities with Genzyme, Pfizer, Malinckrodt, Teva Neurosciences as a consultant/speaker.
Internet of Things: Current Trends and Emerging Prospects

The prevalence of Internet of things (IoT) paradigm has seen the rise of many useful applications in the domains of healthcare, industries, smart city, and so on. However, the paradigm itself is in its dormant stages and still has many open-ended research challenges like interoperability, security and privacy, compliance, and standardization issues which need to be addressed. In this paper, we present a high-level discussion of the overall implications of the IoT paradigm with respect to different application areas and scenarios, domains, and technicalities that needs to be focused for effective incorporation of the IoT concept. Additionally, we also discuss briefly some of the future prospects that can improve the current trends of IoT frameworks.
Spatial Variation in Process and Pattern in Salt Marsh Plant Communities in Eastern North America

While we have learned a great deal about the structure and organization of salt marsh plant communities in the past two decades, this understanding is based on experimental studies conducted at just a handful of study sites. How general are these results and how far can we extrapolate from them to understand other marsh systems? In this paper, we argue that the zonation of eastern North American marsh plant communities may be strongly influenced by both eutrophication and climate, and that spatial variation in these factors may limit our ability to uncritically generalize between marshes. The striking zonation of marsh plant communities has been explained to be the product of competitively superior plants dominating physically mild habitats and displacing competitively subordinate plants to physically harsh habitats. At higher latitudes, this typically results in competitively dominant plants monopolizing high marsh elevations while competitively subordinate plants are limited to lower elevations. Recent studies, however, have suggested that both nutrient supply and thermal stress can influence this simple scenario. Increased nutrient availability, a typical consequence of eutrophication, may alleviate below ground competition for nutrients and lead to above ground competition for light dictating competitive dominance among marsh plants. In marsh systems that historically have been nutrient limited, this may influence plant competitive dominance hierarchies and lead to major shifts in plant zonation patterns. Similarly, climate may have important, but largely unrecognized effects on marsh plant community organization. In cool temperate marshes, low soil salinities result in salinity playing only a minor role in maintaining marsh plant distributional patterns. In contrast, at lower latitudes, hotter climates lead to salt accumulation, elevated soil salinities, and marsh zonation patterns that are strongly driven by soil salinity patterns. We suggest that our current understanding of marsh zonation patterns is oversimplified, and that the processes creating these patterns may vary in importance between marshes. Systematic experimental studies of this spatial variation will be necessary to provide a general understanding of the forces influencing marsh plant community structure.
Calibrating Force and Displacement in the Face of Property Variation

We present a theoretical analysis of a packagable method for calibrating the force and displacement of a micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) that is subject to geometric and material property variations. Property variations are usually due to variations in the fabrication processes, packaging, and environmental exposure. Force and displacement are among the most important fundamental mechanical quantities for investigating, discovering, and exploiting micro and nanoscale phenomena. However, finding a practical and traceable method to accurately and precisely measure the minute forces and displacements in MEMS has been elusive. One reason is because the force generated by MEMS is quite often smaller than the force that can be measured by conventional force sensors. Similarly, displacements in MEMS can be as small as a fraction of the diameter of an atom, which is beyond the capabilities of standard displacement sensors. Our present analysis addresses the calibration of force and displacement for MEMS comprising comb drive sensors and actuators. Our approach for calibrating force and displacement is based on the strong and sensitive coupling between mechanical performance and electronic measurands at the microscale. That is, variations in geometry and material properties affect performance, which can be capacitively measured using on-chip or off-the-shelf capacitance meters. A novelty in our analysis is the elimination of unknown properties, which allows us to express mechanical quantities and their uncertainties solely in terms of electrical measurands. We derive analytical expressions for extracting measurements of force, displacement, stiffness, and their uncertainties by electrical probing. And we show how our method is expected to a few orders more precise than convention.
An efficient analytic approach in genome-wide identification of methylation quantitative trait loci response to fenofibrate treatment

The study of DNA methylation quantitative trait loci (meQTLs) helps dissect regulatory mechanisms underlying genetic associations of human diseases. In this study, we conducted the first genome-wide examination of genetic drivers of methylation variation in response to a triglyceride-lowering treatment with fenofibrate (response-meQTL) by using an efficient analytic approach. Subjects (n = 429) from the GAW20 real data set with genotype and both pre- (visit 2) and post- (visit 4) fenofibrate treatment methylation measurements were included. Following the quality control steps of removing certain cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) probes, the post−/premethylation changes (post/pre) were log transformed and the association was performed on 208,449 CpG sites. An additive linear mixed-effects model was used to test the association between each CpG probe and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) around ±1 Mb region, with age, sex, smoke, batch effect, and principal components included as covariates. Bonferroni correction was applied to define the significance threshold (p 0.8) with rs7443270, which was previously reported to be associated with fenofibrate response (p = 5.00 × 10− 6). By using a novel analytic approach, we efficiently identified thousands of cis re-meQTLs that provide a unique resource for further characterizing functional roles and gene targets of the SNPs that are most responsive to fenofibrate treatment. Our efficient analytic approach can be extended to large response quantitative trait locus studies with large sample sizes and multiple time points data.
Do Vaccines Cause Bell’s Palsy?

Natural infections with varicella, tetanus and diphtheria have each been associated with Bell’s Palsy. Thus, varicella, tetanus and diphtheria vaccines prevent Bell’s Palsy by protecting against these natural infections. Vaccines currently routinely recommended to the general population in the U.S. have not been shown to cause Bell’s Palsy.
Impacts of photon counting detector to cerebral CT angiography maximum intensity projection (MIP) images

Cerebral CT angiography (CTA) is widely used for the diagnosis of various cerebrovascular diseases, including strokes, vasculitis, aneurysms, and etc.2–4 For the diagnosis of ischemic strokes, the availability of high quality CTA images not only helps in identifying the presence/location of large vessel occlusion but also facilitates the assessment of collateral blood supply. As another example, accurate rendering of the superficial temporal arteries is valuable in identifying vessel inflammations induced by giant cell arteritis.5 While CTA is an established clinical gold standard for imaging large cerebral arteries and veins,1 an important challenge that currently remains for MDCT-based CTA is its limited performance in imaging small perforating arteries with a diameter below 0.5 mm.4 As a consequence, the relativley invasive artery biopsy procedure remains the current clinical gold standard for the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis.6 The use of indirect conversion energy integrating detectors puts intrinsic limit on the spatial resolution of MDCT, both in-plane and along the z direction. Severe partial volume averaging effect (PVE) and the preferential weighting of high energy photons7 are among major reasons for the relatively poor performance of MDCT-based CTA for imaging iodinated small vessels. Photon counting detector-based CT (PCD-CT) offers potential technological solutions to these challenges MDCT systems face for CTA. When compared to MDCT, the direct conversion design of PCD reduces limitations on both in-plane and through-plane spatial resolution, and the inherent equal weighting of high and low energy photons of PCD-CT systems offers an improvement in the CNR of iodinated vessels. The purpose of this work was to theoretically and experimentally study the potential impacts of the PCD-CT technology to an important component of CTA image package: the maximum intensity projection (MIP) image. MIP is a simple 3D image visualization method to display CTA data sets. Based on source images alone, it can be very challenging to evaluate occlusion conditions since most vessels extend to different z positions. In comparison, a MIP image that extracted information from a much longer z range can provide clearer evidence for an occlusion; in addition, it can effectively enhance the visibility of small collateral vessels. This work first derived the statistical properties of the MIP image, then analyzed how each of the benefits of PCD (improved z resolution; reduced noise autocovariance along z) propagates from the source CT images to the final MIP image. Finally, experiments were performed using a benchtop PCD-CT system and an anthropomorphic CTA phantom to showcase the significantly improved visibility of small perforating arteries.
Expression and import of an active cellulase from a thermophilic bacterium into the chloroplast both in vitro and in vivo.

A bacterial thermostable cellulase, the endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase E1 from Acidothermus cellulolyticus, was imported into chloroplasts, and an active enzyme was recovered both in vitro and in vivo. Precursor fusion proteins were synthesized with E1 or its catalytic domain, CD, fused to the transit peptide of ferredoxin or ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase activase for stromal targeting. A spacer region of 1, 5 or 15 amino acids was included carboxy to the transit peptide. The efficiency of import and processing by the stromal processing peptidase depended on the nature of the transit peptide and the passenger protein, and increased with the length of the spacer between them. Besides finding E1 or CD in the stroma, protein was arrested in the envelope during import showing that structural features of E1 and CD, along with their proximity to the transit peptide, influence translocation. The cellulose binding domain and/or serine/proline/threoline-rich linker of E1 may impede efficient import. Significantly, most precursors for E1 and CD synthesized by in vitro translation possessed endoglucanse activity that was temperature-dependent, and required the residues AGGGY at the N-terminus of E1 and CD. Furthermore, activity was detected upon import into chloroplasts. Based on the in vitro analyses, five precursor fusion proteins were selected to determine if E1 and CD would be successfully targeted to chloroplasts in vivo. In transgenic tobacco plants, E1 and CD accumulated in both the stromal and membrane fractions and, importantly, chloroplast extracts showed endoglucanase activity.
Gritty, hardy, resilient, and socially supported: A replication study

Abstract Background The present study adds to the knowledge base in positive psychology and disability sport psychology by replicating and extending the research of Martin, Byrd, Watts, and Dent (2015). Objectives In the current study we replicated previous findings by predicting life quality and sport engagement using measures of grit, hardiness, and resilience. We also extended the work of Martin et al. (2015) by examining athlete social support. Methods Eighty-seven adult (80 men, 7 women) wheelchair rugby athletes with various disabilities (e.g., amputee) participated in the current study. They completed questionnaires at rugby tournaments or on-line assessing grit, hardiness, resilience, social support and life satisfaction and sport engagement. Results Overall, the regression equation predicting life satisfaction was significant, F (4, 81) = 9.67, p Conclusion Athletes reporting high levels of resilience reported the highest quality of life. Athletes reporting high levels of grit, resilience, hardiness, and social support were the most engaged in their sport. We also partially replicated the work of Martin et al. (2015).
One size does not fit all: differential transgender health experiences.

ABSTRACTTransgender and nonbinary (TNB) adults face a multitude of challenges when attempting to access general health care. Issues include fear of discrimination and encounters with providers who ...
Modeling Individual Travel Time with Back Propagation Neural Network Approach for Advanced Traveler Information Systems

AbstractThe heterogeneous driving behaviors from different travelers are not considered in current advanced traveler information systems (ATIS) such as Google Maps and 511 systems, which leads the ...
A multiplex PCR system for testing the genetic purity of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Commercial exploitation of rice hybrid for sustainable production and productivity largely depends on genetic purity of hybrid seed used. To detect genetic impurity in the hybrid seeds developed through the three-line system using wild abortive (WA) cytoplasmic-based male sterility, a multiplex PCR assay was designed . A total of six primers, namely, DRRM-Rf3-10, Rf4-STS, RM6100, CMS-WA, osWA352 and RMS-3-WA352 were designed based on fertility restorer genes Rf3, Rf4 and Wa352. The primer combinations having RF4-STS and CMS-WA markers of Rf4 and WA352 genes, respectively showed clear and distinct PCR banding patterns among the WA-cytoplasm possessing 31A, fertile restorer PK117 lines and their cognate hybrid rice, Ajay. This multiplex PCR will be useful for assessment of genetic purity of hybrid rice seeds.
Effects of walking on self-assessed health status: Links between walking, trip purposes and health

Abstract Introduction Positive effects of walking on health has led to a growing number of studies in public health and transportation planning fields. These studies reveal the associations between socio-economic factors, built environment, and health outcomes. However, the effects of walking for various trip purposes on health have often been glossed over. We explore the effects of various trip purposes on individuals’ self-assessed health status with a focus on walking trips. Methods This study relies on a nationwide dataset from the US, the 2017 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) data. The sample includes 125,885 adults between the ages of 18 and 64. The analyses are based on an ordered logit model that relates our variables of interest to self-assessed health status. The trip purposes are defined as: home-based work, home-based shopping, home-based recreation, home-based other and non-home-based trips. Results First, this study shows that walking for different trip purposes has different effects on adults’ self-assessed health scores. For instance, an additional 10-min of walking for home-based work trips increases the odds of being in a higher health outcome category by 6 percent, while this effect is smaller for home-based other trips (3 percent). Second, further examination reveals that walking for different trip purposes has distinct walking speeds and durations. Walking for home-based work trips has the fastest speeds (2.69 miles/hour), followed by walking for home-based recreational trips (2.55 miles/hour). These suggest different trip purposes may have distinct metabolic equivalents (MET) for energy expenditure estimation purposes. Conclusions This study shows that the benefits of walking on health mainly come from home-based walking trips. Planners and decision makers should consider diverse interventions to encourage people to walk within, to and from their neighborhoods. This study also provides a basis for using trip purpose variables as proxies for walking speeds and durations.
Serum Vitamin D and Depressive Symptomatology among Boston-Area Puerto Ricans.

BACKGROUND Low vitamin D status, assessed using serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration, has been associated with depression, but research among minority populations, such as Puerto Ricans is limited. We examined the association between serum 25(OH)D and self-reported depressive symptomatology across 3 waves of follow-up in a cohort of Puerto Rican adults residing in Massachusetts. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between serum 25(OH)D and self-reported depressive symptoms in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS) cohort. METHODS Participants of the BPRHS were evaluated for depressive symptoms using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Serum 25(OH)D was measured at baseline (n = 1434), year 2 (n = 1218), and year 5 (n = 914). We categorized serum 25(OH)D concentration as sufficient (≥20 ng/mL), insufficient (12 to <20 ng/mL), and deficient (<12 ng/mL). Multivariable linear regression was used for cross-sectional analyses at baseline, and repeated measures mixed effects modeling was used over 3 waves of follow-up for longitudinal analyses. We conducted sensitivity analyses in vitamin D supplement nonusers and participants with complete data on baseline serum 25(OH)D and CES-D at all 3 visits. RESULTS Serum 25(OH)D concentration was not associated with CES-D score in cross-sectional analysis [β = -0.85; 95% CI: -2.80, 1.10 for deficient compared with sufficient 25(OH)D; P-trend = 0.59] or in longitudinal analyses over 5 y [β = -0.41; 95% CI: -1.95, 1.13 for deficient compared with sufficient 25(OH)D; P-trend = 0.93]. Results were similar in sensitivity analyses restricted to vitamin D supplement nonusers (n = 1371) and in analyses conducted in participants with complete measures of baseline serum 25(OH)D and CES-D score at all 3 visits (n = 887) [β = -0.12; 95% CI: -1.98, 1.74 for deficient compared with sufficient 25(OH)D; P-trend = 0.93]. CONCLUSIONS We did not observe a significant association between serum 25(OH)D and depressive symptomatology in the BPRHS cohort.
Behavioral Health Screening and Assessment

Behavioral health screening and assessment is an ongoing process of gathering and synthesizing important information across a range of domains including mental health, substance use, interpersonal relationships, and social determinants of health (SDOH) in order to inform treatment planning. This chapter will provide an overview screening and assessment practices vital to integrated behavioral health practice. The assessment process described in this chapter will be rooted in the ecological systems perspective discussed in Chap. 2 and will be person centered, strength based, holistic, and recovery oriented. The purpose of assessment is to inform the development of a robust clinical formulation and treatment plan (described in Chap. 5) designed to address the intersectional issues that clients face from a bio-psycho-social perspective. This chapter will focus on assessment and documentation areas that include: (1) screening for common behavioral health issues such as depression, anxiety, stress, trauma, suicide, and substance use; (2) assessing personal strengths and capacities that lead to health; (3) past and current problems in the functional domains of health, mental health, substance use, interpersonal relationships, employment, and daily living; and (4) assessing social determinants of health. The chapter will conclude with an illustrative case study highlighting important areas and considerations of the assessment process.
Insights into student participation in a soil physics course during COVID-19 emergency online learning

Abstract The recent novel coronavirus pandemic led to global changes in higher education as universities transitioned to online learning in order to slow the spread of the virus In the U S , this transition occurred during the spring of 2020, and the compulsory shift to online learning led to frustrations from students and instructors alike I studied student participation during the online portion of a university-level soil physics course taught in Spring 2020 Participation was quantified using the number of student posts in weekly discussion boards, the number of student views of asynchronous videos, and the number of video views during each week of online instruction Relationships between video length and number of student views and between student participation and final exam grades were also examined My findings show that student views of mini-lecture videos were low and decreased throughout the online learning period Conversely, views of example problem videos and the number of posts on graded discussion boards were high and remained high throughout the online learning period, suggesting that students were more engaged with online material that affected their grades I also found that the level of student engagement in online material was positively correlated with higher final exam scores The findings presented here may be used to improve the development and delivery of online coursework in natural science disciplines, both during current and future emergencies This article is protected by copyright All rights reserved
Discordance between day-3 follicle stimulating hormone & anti-Müllerian hormone is predictive of clinical pregnancy during fertility treatment.

To evaluate the role of discordant Day-3 follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) & anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels in predicting pregnancy outcome after controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) followed...
Outcomes of “Integrated Behavioral Health” Training: A Pilot Study

The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of training in integrated behavioral health in the primary care (IPC) setting and evidence-based practices (EBPs) on graduate level clinical mental health counseling students’ knowledge and skills for working with children and youth. This study utilized a mixed method design by recruiting a sample of 12 students from a Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP) accredited urban ethnically diverse university in the northeastern region of the United States. Quantitative analysis indicated a positive and increased change in knowledge and skills associated with IPC and EBP training to work with children, adolescents, and transitional youths. Thematic analysis of the reflection journals of training yielded the following three categories: increased awareness and knowledge, increased sense of competency, and personal feelings came up after training. The implications for training counselors, counselors educators, and students are discussed.
Straighten things out in advance: Palliative care consultation prior to posterior spinal fusion for high-risk neuromuscular scoliosis patients

Introduction: Patients with neuromuscular scoliosis undergo posterior spinal fusion (PSF) surgery with the hopes of preventing respiratory disease, optimizing positioning and functioning, and sometimes to improve pain. While studies show quality of life benefit from PSF for many children with neuromuscular scoliosis, there remains significant post-operative morbidity and even mortality risk. Preliminary studies have attempted to correlate preoperative risk factors with the likelihood of postoperative complications (1). However, the outcomes of PSF in the subset of neuromuscular scoliosis patients who have multifactorial respiratory failure have not been specifically studied …
Obesity, inflammatory and thrombotic markers, and major clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with COVID-19 in the US.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine whether obesity is independently associated with major adverse clinical outcomes and inflammatory and thrombotic markers in critically ill patients with COVID-19. METHODS: The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality in adults with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units across the US. Secondary outcomes were acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute kidney injury requiring renal replacement therapy (AKI-RRT), thrombotic events, and seven blood markers of inflammation and thrombosis. Unadjusted and multivariable-adjusted models were used. RESULTS: Among the 4,908 study patients, mean (SD) age was 60.9 (14.7) years, 3,095 (62.8%) were male, and 2,552 (52.0%) had obesity. In multivariable models, BMI was not associated with mortality. Higher BMI beginning at 25 kg/m2 was associated with a greater risk of ARDS and AKI-RRT but not thrombosis. There was no clinically significant association between BMI and inflammatory or thrombotic markers. CONCLUSIONS: In critically ill patients with COVID-19, higher BMI was not associated with death or thrombotic events but was associated with a greater risk of ARDS and AKI-RRT. The lack of an association between BMI and circulating biomarkers calls into question the paradigm that obesity contributes to poor outcomes in critically ill patients with COVID-19 by upregulating systemic inflammatory and prothrombotic pathways.
Spatial interpolation based on previously-observed behavior: a framework for interpolating spaceborne GNSS-R data from CYGNSS

This study presents a framework for spatially interpolating Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) data over land. The method, Previously-Observed Behavior Interpolation (POBI), assume...
Utilizing Attention-Based Multi-Encoder-Decoder Neural Networks for Freeway Traffic Speed Prediction

Speed prediction is a crucial yet complicated task for intelligent transportation systems. The challenge derives from the complex spatiotemporal dependencies of traffic parameters. In the past few years, deep neural networks have achieved the best traffic speed prediction performance. However, most models depend on short-term input sequences to predict short/long-term traffic speed (e.g., predicting speed for the next hour using data from the past hour). These models fail to consider the daily and weekly periodic behavior of traffic. Another problem posed by neural networks is the lack of interpretability as they often operate as ``black boxes''. In this paper, an attention-based multi-encoder-decoder (Att-MED) model is proposed to predict traffic speed. The model uses convolutional-LSTMs to capture the spatiotemporal relationship of multiple input sequences, namely short-term, daily and weekly traffic patterns. The model also employs an LSTM to model the output predictions sequentially. Furthermore, attention mechanism is used to weigh the contribution of each traffic sequence towards the output predictions. The proposed network architecture, when trained end-to-end, results in a superior prediction accuracy compared to baseline models. In addition to contributing towards performance, the attention mechanism creates weight values, which when visualized, provide insights into the decision-making process of the neural network, and consequently produce explainable outputs. Att-MED's extracted attention weights highlight the contribution of daily and weekly periodic input towards speed prediction.
Appropriate Technology Applied to a Western Epidemic: The Case of Motor Vehicle Accidents

Summary The fourth leading cause of death in the United States is accidents. Of these, about one-half are attributed to motor vehicle accidents. This paper emphasizes the magnitude of the problem, discusses possible solutions, and clarifies significant policy options. Seat belts, air bags, and trauma units are among the options highlighted.
Dynamical thresholds for the existence of excited electronic states of fast ions in solids.

We calculate eigenenergies for bound states of electrons in the dynamical screening potential of a fast charged particle traversing a solid by diagonalization of Hamiltonian matrices in a truncated Hilbert space of 600 hydrogenic basis states. Application of classical scaling invariances yields a universal energy-level diagram. A simple approximate formula for projectile-centered one-electron bound states is obtained. We find velocity thresholds for the existence of excited states which are in surprisingly good agreement with recent data by Chevallier {ital et} {ital al}. (Phys. Rev. A 41, 1738 (1990)).
Affinity labeling the DNA polymerase alpha complex. Identification of subunits containing the DNA polymerase active site and an important regulatory nucleotide-binding site.

Abstract Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) inhibits DNA polymerase activity of the intact multifunctional DNA polymerase alpha complex by binding at either of two sites which can be distinguished on the basis of differential substrate protection. One site (PLP site 1) corresponds to an important nucleotide-binding site which is distinct from the DNA polymerase active site and which appears to correspond to the DNA primase active site while the second site (PLP site 2) corresponds to the dNTP binding domain of the DNA polymerase active site. A method for the enzymatic synthesis of high specific activity [32P]PLP is described and this labeled PLP was used to identify the binding sites described above. PLP inhibition of DNA polymerase alpha activity was shown to involve the binding of only a few (one to two) molecules of PLP/molecule of DNA polymerase alpha, and this label is primarily found on the 148- and 46-kDa subunits although the 63-, 58-, and 49-kDa subunits are labeled to a lesser extent. Labeling of the 46-kDa subunit by [32P]PLP is the only labeling on the enzyme which is blocked or even diminished in the presence of nucleotide alone, and, therefore, this 46-kDa subunit contains PLP site 1. Labeling of the 148-kDa subunit is enhanced in the presence of template-primer, suggesting that this subunit undergoes a conformational change upon binding template-primer. Furthermore, labeling of the 148-kDa subunit is the only labeling on the enzyme which can be specifically blocked only by the binding of both template-primer and the correct dNTP in a stable ternary complex. Therefore, the 148-kDa subunit contains PLP site 2, which corresponds to the dNTP binding domain of the DNA polymerase active site.
Neuropathology and Criminal Violence: Newly Calibrated Ratios

Abstract In connection with the development of their “tinder-box” model for the analysis of criminal aggression, the authors have maintained a “running count” of empirical studies published in the past 40 years that have examined violent criminal offenders for the presence or absence of brain dysfunction. In various publications, we have reported on the ratios between the relative incidence of neuropathology among offenders arrayed by type of violent crime and the overall incidence in the general population. In Spring 1999, the Federal Centers for Disease Control put the incidence in the general population at “slightly more than 2%.” With the CDC figure as a base rate, the relative ratios for neuropathology among violent offenders range from highs of 47:1 for homicide offenders and 48:1 offenders; through midrange levels of 43:1 for juvenile offenders, 39:1 for assault offenders, and 33:1 for incest offenders; to lows of 6:1 for “one-time aggressives.” Implications are drawn for standards of criminal culp...
Exploring inconsistencies with the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa model

A small upper-bound is obtained for the CP phase $\delta$ in a CKM matrix, $|\sin\delta| \le 0.44$ based on CP independent data on $|V_{ub}/V_{cb}|$ alone. Potential inconsistencies with the CKM model in existing data which need a theory beyond the standard model to overcome emerge in the analysis using this CKM matrix. In addition, all CP asymmetry measurables for the $B_d- \bar B_d$ system are expressed solely by the CP phases in the decay amplitudes. Remarkably the CP asymmetry of the bench mark process $B_d\to \psi K_S$ equals sin$2\delta$. This will soon be measured by BaBar and Belle to confront the above upper-bound.
Role of Chemoradiotherapy in Elderly Patients With Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Purpose To investigate outcomes for elderly patients treated with chemotherapy (CT) alone versus chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in the modern era by using a large national database. Patients and Methods Elderly patients (age ≥ 70 years) with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer clinical stage I to III who received CT or CRT were identified in the National Cancer Data Base between 2003 and 2011. Hierarchical mixed-effects logistic regression with clustering by reporting facility was performed to identify factors associated with treatment selection. Overall survival (OS) of patients receiving CT versus CRT was compared by using the log-rank test, Cox proportional hazards regression, and propensity score matching. Results A total of 8,637 patients were identified, among whom 3,775 (43.7%) received CT and 4,862 (56.3%) received CRT. The odds of receiving CRT decreased with increasing age, clinical stage III disease, female sex, and the presence of medical comorbidities (all P < .01). Use of CRT was associated with i...
Hard convex body expansion (HCBE) conformal solution method for predicting vapor—liquid equilibria

Abstract Like the hard-sphere expansion (HSE) theory, the hard convex body expansion (HCBE) theory separates any residual thermodynamic property into a contribution from molecular repulsion, which is calculated directly from a hard convex body (HCB) equation of state, and other contributions from molecular attraction, which are obtained by the corresponding states principle (CSP) using two pure reference fluids. An HCB equation of state developed by Naumann and Leland is applicable to pure components and their mixtures. The HCB equation of state for a pure component is characterized by two dimensionless geometrical parameters, α and τ−1 which are combinations of three molecular dimensions of a convex body—volume (V), surface area (S) and mean radius (R). Two dimensionless geometrical parameters are determined directly from Pitzer's acentric factor. The molecular volume is evaluated by equating the HCB equation of state to the optimal repulsion evaluated by the expansion method. The surface area and the mean radius are obtained from known dimensionless geometrical parameters and the molecular volume. Four kinds of convex bodies are considered in this work. These are prolate spherocylinders, oblate spherocylinders, prolate ellipsoids and oblate ellipsoids.
Threading the Eye of the Needle: The Place of the Literary Critic in Religious Studies

The sentiment expressed in these lines is one which is very likely to overtake anyone who gives serious thought to the issues raised by the subtitle of this paper. To judge from recent literature on the subject, the justification of the place of the literary critic in the field of religious studies has eluded most everyone who has turned his hand to it. Valiant attempts there have been, of course, and in abundance; one finds everywhere such articles and monographs as "Religion and Story," "Poetry and Prayer," "Myth and Metaphysics," "Parable and Theology," "Metaphor and Truth," "Imagination and Faith," "Narrative and Belief," but almost all of these efforts represent no more than "eddies of meaning," "swerves of action" that fail to achieve a satisfactory articulation of "Overall." Our current inability to draw "the sum of these events" might constitute more of an embarrassment were it not for the fact that until quite recently such topics