cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Pharmacologic Management of Patients with Drug-Related Coagulopathies

With the increasing prevalence and complexity of patients on antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy, the dental clinician is routinely faced with management of these patients in the practice setting. An understanding of clinical hemostasis and the underlying physiology associated with surgical injury and bleeding allows the clinician to plan and manage preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative bleeding risk in patients on “blood thinners.” Additionally, a new class of drugs known as “novel oral anticoagulants” creates additional challenges for the dentist and physician when managing these dental patients. In the past, the dental clinician’s initial approach has often been whether to reduce or withdraw medications prior to dental procedures. However, evidence has demonstrated that, in most instances, these patients can and should be maintained on their antiplatelet/anticoagulant regimen when undergoing dental procedures, including dental extractions. Prolonged or increased bleeding in these patients, especially those on single or dual antiplatelet therapy, is generally a manageable challenge or inconvenience but rarely life-threatening. With good communication and planning with the patient’s physician, proper technique, and the use of hemostatic agents, the dental clinician can typically anticipate, plan for, and manage any increased or prolonged bleeding episodes.
New insights into human prolactin pathophysiology: genomics and beyond

Purpose of reviewTo briefly summarize what is known regarding hyperprolactinemia and prolactin-secreting tumors, and review recent findings.Recent findingsProlactin was previously thought to inhibit secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by directly inhibiting the firing of GnRH neurons,
Disparities in Socioeconomic Context and Association With Blood Pressure Control and Cardiovascular Outcomes in ALLHAT.

Background Observational studies demonstrate that communities of low socioeconomic status have higher blood pressure and worse cardiovascular outcomes. Yet, whether the clinical outcomes resulting ...
Food Production in Native North America: An Archaeological Perspective: By Kristen J. Gremillion. 240 pp., 12 figures, 6 tables, Appendix, References Cited. The SAA Press, 2018. $31.95. ISBN-13: 9780932839572

In this volume Kristen Gremillion provides a thorough and encompassing overview of the various ways in which people produced food in North America. Rather than focusing simply on a descriptive over...
Under-Recognition of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in United States' Rural, Non-Teaching Hospitals

Abstract Introduction: Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare syndrome characterized by excessive immune activation with an aggressive disease course and life-threatening consequences. Secondary HLH has been found to be triggered by various malignancies among its etiologies, most commonly being leukemia's and lymphoid malignancies. Rapid diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment are paramount for survival in HLH. However, the rarity of this syndrome and the complex clinical picture often prove to be a barrier to diagnosis. Methods: We identified all adult hospitalizations with HLH from the United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2009-2011 using International Classification of Diseases-9th revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes 288.4. Only those cases undergoing bone marrow aspiration/biopsy were selected to improve diagnostic accuracy. We assessed the distribution of these diagnoses by hospital teaching status (teaching versus non teaching) and location (rural versus urban). Statistical analysis was done using STATA 13.0 (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX). All p-values were two sided and the level of significance was 0.05. Results: A total of 276 hospitalizations with HLH were identified, out of which 44 (16%) had a concomitant diagnosis of a malignancy. The median age at diagnosis was 42 years (range 18-89 years) and 43% (n=114) of the cases were females. Out of a total 23,634,793 hospitalizations during this time period, 12,532,948 (53%) belonged to non-teaching hospitals and 11,101,845 (47%) belonged to teaching hospitals. Similarly, a total of 2,867,148 (12%) belonged to rural hospitals and 20,767,645 (88%) belonged to urban hospitals. Among HLH cases, 90% (n=248) belonged to teaching hospitals and 99% (n=273) belonged to urban hospitals. Chi-square test showed that cases with HLH were more likely to be diagnosed in a teaching hospital (p value Conclusions: HLH secondary to an underlying malignancy is associated with a higher mortality rate as compared to HLH without an underlying malignancy.Over 90% of the cases of HLH were diagnosed in an urban or teaching hospital setting. Given the complexities in diagnosing HLH, we think that the disease may be underreported in the rural and non-teaching setting. As secondary, malignancy associated HLH carries a poor prognosis, better recognition of HLH is needed in order to aid physicians' diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome in all hospital settings. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Rosana Paulino and the Art of Refazimento: Reconfigurations of the Black Female Body in the Land of Racial Democracy

Este ensaio analisa o significado historico e estetico do projeto de arte visual de Rosana Paulino Assentamento(s) (2012-2013). O trabalho de Paulino reescreve o corpo feminino negro na narrativa historica do Brasil, complicando nocoes ha muito estabelecidas de “brasilidade”. Usando tecnicas e materiais de arte que combinam litografia, impressao digital, desenho, costura, video e escultura, Paulino desenvolve uma montagem artistica de varias camadas que ela descreve como um processo de refazimento (“refazer”). Paulino ultrapassa as fronteiras dos arquivos historicos, destacando tanto as lutas quanto a atuacao das mulheres negras na sociedade brasileira. Argumento que, como artista visual contemporanea da mulher negra, Paulino utiliza um metodo de interpretacao historica que Saidiya Hartman define como “fabulacao critica”. Este artigo explora como o refazimento de Paulino representa um metodo de investigacao que confronta os legados da democracia racial brasileira e sua ideologia de mesticagem. A visualidade de Paulino recupera a memoria ancestral afro- brasileira e as complexas subjetividades femininas negras.
Getting Competition under Control

Competition is a ubiquitous component of American culture and in many US physical education programs. In this article, five myths associated with competition are dispelled: (1) Everyone likes compe...
A Double-sided Optimization of ITS Data Aggregation Via Wavelet Transformation

Based on aggregation technique analysis of the frequency characteristics of traffic flow data,the waveletcould meet the demands of various transportation purposes on the aggregation efficiently.However,the method reflects the essential characteristics of data only by analyzing the similarities among ITS data series,which neglects the information loss during aggregation.This Paper develops a double-sided optimization method through introducing Information-Loss Index in order to improve the accuracy during data aggregation.Based on the method,this paper develops the software implementing the algorithm based on MatLab platform,and uses the traffic flow data from the third-ring express road in Beijing as a case study.The conclusions from the paper provideds suggestions for the real applications of the data aggregation.
A Class of R*-tree Indexes for Spatial-Visual Search of Geo-tagged Street Images

Due to the prevalence of GPS-equipped cameras (e.g., smartphones and surveillance cameras), massive amounts of geo-tagged images capturing urban streets are increasingly being collected. Consequently, many smart city applications have emerged, relying on efficient image search. Such searches include spatial-visual queries in which spatial and visual properties are used in tandem to retrieve similar images to a given query image within a given geographical region. Towards this end, new index structures that organize images based on both spatial and visual properties are needed to efficiently execute such queries. Based on our observation that street images are typically similar in the same spatial locality, index structures for spatial-visual queries can be effectively built on a spatial index (i.e., R*-tree). Therefore, we propose a class of R*-tree indexes, particularly, by associating each node with two separate minimum bounding rectangles (MBR), one for spatial and the other for (dimension-reduced) visual properties of their contained images, and adapting the R*-tree optimization criteria to both property types.
Role of chloride cotransporters in the development of spasticity and neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury

Abstract Chloride homeostasis is critically involved in motor and sensory processing in the spinal cord. After spinal cord injury, spinal networks are hyperexcitable leading to increased transmission in both nociceptive and proprioceptive pathways. It was recently shown that the emergence of chronic pain and spasticity after SCI is not only due to increased excitation resulting from impaired or lost supraspinal inhibitory drive, but also to a lack of endogenous GABAergic inhibition triggered by a shift in chloride homeostasis. This chapter will cover the development of chloride homeostasis in the spinal cord, the effect of spinal cord injury on chloride cotransporters, the functional consequences and, the promising therapeutic strategies.
Clean Air with a Mongolian Ger

Air pollution is one of the biggest problems facing Ulaanbaatar, and coal-burning stoves in thousands of traditional yurts (gers) surrounding the city are a significant contributor to the pollution. A team of students developed a DIY retrofit insulation system, consisting of radiant barrier, clear plastic, and EPS foam, that would allow coal stoves to be replaced by a small electric heater. This eliminated the production of pollutants from the ger, made the air in the ger cleaner, and made the home more comfortable by giving residents effortless control of the temperature inside.
Impact of surface adsorbed biologically and environmentally relevant coatings on TiO2 nanoparticle reactivity

Studies have shown that environmentally and biologically relevant coatings on nanoparticle (NP) surfaces can significantly alter the physicochemical properties (e.g. dissolution and aggregation) of particles yet there remain some questions on how these coatings impact reactivity. In this study, we investigated molecular-level details of surface adsorption and surface reactivity of titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs using in situ attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein and fulvic acid (FA), which were selected as representative biologically and environmentally relevant molecules. Our results show that both BSA and FA adsorb strongly and irreversibly onto TiO2 NP surfaces at neutral pH and these surface coatings impact the photochemical behavior of TiO2. In particular, we show large differences in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for coated compared to uncoated TiO2 NPs, as well as differences between the two different coatings. In the absence of any coatings, the photooxidation of solution phase sodium benzoate (BA) to hydroxyl benzoate (major product) is observed. However, this reaction is completely inhibited when TiO2 is coated with BSA and partially inhibited when TiO2 is coated with FA. Additionally, we found that BSA can strongly scavenge ROS generated upon irradiation by quenching the formation of electron–hole pairs. In contrast, the behavior of FA shows photoinduced hydrophilicity of the TiO2 coated surface and the generation of ROS, although less than that of the uncoated TiO2 NPs. Overall, these results show that the formation of ROS from TiO2 NPs coated by BSA and FA is reduced. Overall, this study provides insights into the impacts of environmentally and biologically relevant coatings and how they may modify the reactivity of the NPs in the environment. Furthermore, the implications of this study extend to understanding the potential reduced toxicity and impacts of TiO2 NPs with coatings in natural and human-impacted ecosystems.
Characterization of the ABC methionine transporter from Neisseria meningitidis reveals that lipidated MetQ is required for interaction

NmMetQ is a substrate-binding protein (SBP) from Neisseria meningitidis that has been identified as a surface-exposed candidate antigen for meningococcal vaccines. However, this location for NmMetQ challenges the prevailing view that SBPs in Gram-negative bacteria are localized to the periplasmic space to promote interaction with their cognate ABC transporter embedded in the bacterial inner membrane. To elucidate the roles of NmMetQ, we characterized NmMetQ with and without its cognate ABC transporter (NmMetNI). Here, we show that NmMetQ is a lipoprotein (lipo-NmMetQ) that binds multiple methionine analogs and stimulates the ATPase activity of NmMetNI. Using single-particle electron cryo-microscopy, we determined the structures of NmMetNI in the presence and absence of lipo-NmMetQ. Based on our data, we propose that NmMetQ tethers to membranes via a lipid anchor and has dual function and localization, playing a role in NmMetNI-mediated transport at the inner membrane and moonlighting on the bacterial surface.
Automated reduction and interpretation of high resolution electrospray mass spectra of large molecules.

Here a fully automated computer algorithm is applied to complex mass spectra of peptides and proteins. This method uses a subtractive peak finding routine to locate possible isotopic clusters in the spectrum, subjecting these to a combination of the previous Fourier transform/ Patterson method for primary charge determination and the method for least-squares fitting to a theoretically derived isotopic abundance distribution for m/z determination of the most abundant isotopic peak, and the statistical reliability of this determination. If a predicted protein sequence is available, each such m/z value is checked for assignment as a sequence fragment. A new signal-to-noise calculation procedure has been devised for accurate determination of baseline and noise width for spectra with high peak density. In 2 h, the program identified 824 isotopic clusters representing 581 mass values in the spectrum of a GluC digest of a 191 kDa protein; this is \s>50% more than the number of mass values found by the extremely tedious operator-applied methodology used previously. The program should be generally applicable to classes of large molecules, including DNA and polymers. Thorough high resolution analysis of spectra by Horn (THRASH) is proposed as the program’s verb.
Effects of cardiac rehabilitation in diabetic patients: both cardiac and noncardiac factors determine improvement in exercise capacity.

Background Diabetic patients have a worse prognosis than nondiabetic patients after myocardial infarction. Although exercise improves risk factors, exercise capacity, and mortality, it is still unclear if these benefits are the same as in nondiabetics. Furthermore, although exercise tolerance is predicted by systolic and diastolic dysfunction in nondiabetics, its role as a predictor of exercise capacity in diabetics remains unclear. Hypothesis Diabetics and nondiabetics see a similar improvement in their cardiac risk factors and exercise parameters from exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Methods A series of 370 diabetics and 942 nondiabetics entered a 36-session outpatient CR program after interventions for coronary heart disease or after bypass or cardiac valve surgery. The program consisted of physical exercise, lifestyle modification, and pharmacotherapy. Results Quality of life, weight, blood pressure, and lipid profiles improved significantly in both groups during the 12-week program. Baseline metabolic equivalents (METs) were lower in diabetics vs nondiabetics at the start of CR (2.4 vs 2.7, P < 0.001). Although both groups increased their exercise capacity, diabetics had less improvement (change in METs 1.7 vs 2.6, P < 0.001). Significant predictors for improvement after CR included age, sex, and weight, as well as both systolic and diastolic function. After adjustment for these, diabetes remained a significant predictor of reduced improvement in exercise capacity. Conclusions Diabetics saw a significant benefit in quality of life, weight, exercise tolerance, and cardiac risk factors, but to a lesser extent when compared with nondiabetics. The mechanisms for poorer improvement in diabetics following CR also include noncardiac factors and require further study.
Rapid ICT Change and Workplace Knowledge Obsolescence

The ICT (Information and Communication Technology) revolution is surrounding us everywhere. The workplace is no exception. Learning challenges originating from frequent ICT changes cannot be considered just a generational issue as these technologies possess cognitive characteristics that make learning them a non-trivial effort. Frequent changes witnessed presently add another layer of difficulty with almost constant knowledge obsolescence and knowledge update requirements. Corporate knowledge management initiatives are an essential way to overcome these problems, sometimes as a complement to training, other times even as a substitute. But corporate knowledge management has a great deal to learn from the experiences of online communities, which increasingly organize knowledge in wiki and blog environments, and utilize tags, feeds, aggregators and links to better connect the pieces. In addition to solutions which originate from within companies, governmental policy makers can play a critical role in successful ICT adaptation in the workplace. These policy actions and their success in an environment vary with the political attitude of a regime and the level of influence it chooses to wield; still, such actions can play a key role in helping both employees and employers at this critical time of ICT changes.
Report on the Present Status of Anthropometric Examinations in the Young Men's Christian Associations

(1903). Report on the Present Status of Anthropometric Examinations in the Young Men's Christian Associations. American Physical Education Review: Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 146-151.
Generation of a Magoh conditional allele in mice

Summary Magoh encodes a core component of the exon junction complex (EJC), which binds mRNA and regulates mRNA metabolism. Magoh is highly expressed in proliferative tissues during development. EJC components have been implicated in several developmental disorders including TAR syndrome, Richieri–Costa–Pereira syndrome, and intellectual disability. Existing germline null Magoh mice are embryonic lethal as homozygotes and perinatal lethal as heterozygotes, precluding detailed analysis of embryonic and postnatal functions. Here, we report the generation of a new genetic tool to dissect temporal and tissue-specific roles for Magoh in development and adult homeostasis. This Magoh conditional allele has two loxP sites flanking the second exon. Ubiquitous Cre-mediated deletion of the floxed allele in a heterozygous mouse (Magohdel/+) causes 50% reduction of both Magoh mRNA and protein. Magohdel/+ mice exhibit both microcephaly and hypopigmentation, thus phenocopying germline haploinsufficient Magoh mice. Using Emx1-Cre, we further show that conditional Magoh deletion in neural progenitors during embryonic development also causes microcephaly. We anticipate this novel conditional allele will be a valuable tool for assessing tissue-specific roles for Magoh in mammalian development and postnatal processes. genesis 52:752–758, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Creating, Implementing and Integrating a First-Year Statistics Requirement.

We present the process our institution used to create a statistics requirement for almost all incoming first-year students. From conception and planning, to hiring and acceptance by the university community, we offer lessons learned should you consider making such a shift in your own curriculum.
Indians, Missionaries, and Merchants: The Legacy of Colonial Encounters on the California Frontiers

List of Illustrations Preface Acknowledgments 1. Dimensions and Consequences of Colonial Encounters 2. Visions of Precolonial Native California 3. Franciscan Missions in Alta California 4. Native Agency in the Franciscan Missions 5. Russian Merchants in California 6. Native Agency in the Ross Colony 7. Missionary and Mercantile Colonies in California: The Implications 8. The Aftermath 9. Conclusion Notes Bibliography Index
SOBRE A ORIGEM DO “MARXISMO” DE GRAMSCI

Este artigo defende a necessidade de fazer um retorno a Gramsci para sublinhar a importância intrinseca e a fecundidade da reflexao de Sorel sobre a obra de Marx. Isso porque, na Franca, o aporte original da contribuicao de Sorel ao debate sobre o marxismo que se desenvolve na virada do seculo permaneceu desconhecido ate esses ultimos anos.
Experiential Learning and Presidential Management of the U.S. Federal Bureaucracy: Logic and Evidence from Agency Leadership Appointments

Presidents become increasingly effective at managing the bureaucracy because of the information and expertise that they acquire from on-the-job experience. In their appointment choices, this theory predicts that presidents become better at reducing information asymmetries incurred from the bureaucracy (Agent Selection Learning), improve the vertical balance of leadership agent traits between top supervisory positions and subordinates directly beneath them (Agent Monitoring Learning), and place a greater relative premium on loyalty in response to horizontal policy conflict between the White House and the Senate (Common Agency Learning). This logic obtains empirical support from the analysis of bureaucratic agent traits for Senate-confirmed presidential appointees serving in leadership positions covering 39 U.S. federal government agencies from 1977 to 2009. Presidents' appointment strategies reflect their increasing effectiveness at managing the bureaucracy, thus complementing their increasing reliance on administrative mechanisms to achieve policy objectives as their tenure in office rises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Heritage or Hatred: The Confederate Battle Flag and Current Race Relations in the USA

With regions outside of the south flying the flag and the “bars and stars” incorporated into merchandise with such things as deer, trucks, and even one juxtaposed with President Barak Obama. The symbolism of the Confederate flag seems to overstep the simple association with the geography of the civil war. Assuming that there are not an unusual amount of emigres from the South, why do so many individuals use the Confederate flag as a symbol? Is it a statement supporting the cause of Southern slave owners and the oppression of blacks or an indication of some kind of solidarity with states’ rights and the desire for independence from the federal government? It is not unreasonable to see racist overtones in a Northern area where the Confederate flag is commonly flown. Grant County, Indiana was the location of the last lynching in the northern states (in the year 1930) and still harbors racial tensions. The sight of the old courthouse where the lynching was held still holds power for many blacks in the city of Marion.
Antimicrobial Properties of Oleuropein and Products of Its Hydrolysis from Green Olives

Oleuropein, the bitter glucoside in green olives, and products of its hydrolysis were tested for antibacterial action against certain species of lactic acid bacteria involved in the brine fermentation of olives. Oleuropein was not inhibitory, but two of its hydrolysis products, the aglycone and elenolic acid, inhibited growth of the four species of lactic acid bacteria tested. Another hydrolysis product, β-3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyl alcohol, was not inhibitory. The aglycone of oleuropein and elenolic acid were much more inhibitory when the broth medium contained 5% NaCl; 150 μg of either compound per ml prevented growth of Lactobacillus plantarum. A crude extract of oleuropein, tested by paper disk bioassay, was inhibitory to 3 of 17 species of bacteria screened, none of which were lactic acid bacteria. The acid hydrolysate of the extract was inhibitory to 11 of the bacteria, which included four species of lactic acid bacteria and other gram-positive and gram-negative species. Neither crude preparation was inhibitory to growth of the seven species of yeasts tested. A possible explanation is given for the previously reported observation that heating (3 min, 74 C) olives prior to brining renders them more fermentable by lactic acid bacteria. Results of a brining experiment indicated that oleuropein is degraded to antibacterial compounds when unheated olives are brined.
Projection pursuit-based dimensionality reduction

Dimensionality Reduction (DR) has found many applications in hyperspectral image processing, e.g., data compression, endmember extraction. This paper investigates Projection Pursuit (PP)-based data dimensionality reduction where three approaches are developed. One is to use a Projection Index (PI) to produce projection vectors that can be used to generate Projection Index Components (PICs). It is a common practice that PP generally uses random initial conditions to produce PICs. As a result, when the same PP is performed in different times or different users at the same time, the resulting PICs are generally not the same. In order to resolve this issue, two approaches are proposed. One is referred to as PI-based PRioritized PP (PI-PRPP) which uses a PI as a criterion to prioritize PICs that are produced by any component analysis, for example, Principal Components Analysis (PCA) or Independent Component Analysis. The other approach is called Initialization-Driven PP (ID-PP) which specifies an appropriate set of initial conditions that allows PP to not only produce PICs in the same order but also the same PICs regardless of how many times PP is run or who runs the PP.
Connected Resolvability of Graphs

For an ordered set W = {w1, w2,..., wk} of vertices and a vertex v in a connected graph G, the representation of v with respect to W is the k-vector r(v|W) = (d(v, w1), d(v, w2),... d(v, wk)), where d(x, y) represents the distance between the vertices x and y. The set W is a resolving set for G if distinct vertices of G have distinct representations with respect to W. A resolving set for G containing a minimum number of vertices is a basis for G. The dimension dim(G) is the number of vertices in a basis for G. A resolving set W of G is connected if the subgraph 〈W〉 induced by W is a nontrivial connected subgraph of G. The minimum cardinality of a connected resolving set in a graph G is its connected resolving number cr(G). Thus 1 ≤ dim(G) ≤ cr(G) ≤ n−1 for every connected graph G of order n ≥ 3. The connected resolving numbers of some well-known graphs are determined. It is shown that if G is a connected graph of order n ≥ 3, then cr(G) = n−1 if and only if G = Kn or G = K1,n−1. It is also shown that for positive integers a, b with a ≤ b, there exists a connected graph G with dim(G) = a and cr(G) = b if and only if \(\left( {a,b} \right) \notin \left\{ {\left( {1,k} \right):k = 1\;{\text{or}}\;k \geqslant 3} \right\}\) Several other realization results are present. The connected resolving numbers of the Cartesian products G × K2 for connected graphs G are studied.
Coordinated oscillations in cortical actin and Ca2+ correlate with cycles of vesicle secretion

The actin cortex both facilitates and hinders the exocytosis of secretory granules. How cells consolidate these two opposing roles was not well understood. Here we show that antigen activation of mast cells induces oscillations in Ca(2+) and PtdIns(4,5)P(2) lipid levels that in turn drive cyclic recruitment of N-WASP and cortical actin level oscillations. Experimental and computational analysis argues that vesicle fusion correlates with the observed actin and Ca(2+) level oscillations. A vesicle secretion cycle starts with the capture of vesicles by actin when cortical F-actin levels are high, followed by vesicle passage through the cortex when F-actin levels are low, and vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane when Ca(2+) levels subsequently increase. Thus, cells employ oscillating levels of Ca(2+), PtdIns(4,5)P(2) and cortical F-actin to increase secretion efficiency, explaining how the actin cortex can function as a carrier as well as barrier for vesicle secretion.
Collective Excitations in Ethane Monolayers Adsorbed on Graphite (0001) Surfaces

Inelastic incoherent neutron spectra below 4.1 THz have been obtained for the $\sqrt{3}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}4$ "herringbone" and $\sqrt{3}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\sqrt{3}$ "on-end" monolayer phases of ethane adsorbed on graphite basal planes. One-phonon cross sections calculated independently with empirical atom-atom potentials make possible identification of the collective vibrational modes observed and reproduce qualitatively the rather different spectra of the two phases.
Family Health and Mental Health Six Years After Economic Stress and Unemployment

This study is a follow-up of 39 working class couples who were interviewed after suffering economic stress or unemployment and again six years later. Repeated measures related to economics, stress, family functioning, anxiety, and depression were collected and analyzed for couples and for husbands and wives separately. A model of long-term coping was suggested for future testing. Initially stressed families appeared to grow stronger. Mental health correlated negatively to family problems. Depressed wives seemed to maintain their depression over time if they perceived family life as stressful. Irrespective of marital problems, husbands were less likely to stay depressed.
Health patterns of women with fibromyalgia

Using diaries, eight women documented how they were living with their fibromyalgia on a daily basis for 3 months. Aches and pains were the most common symptoms experienced on nine to 81 of the 84 days of data collection. Cross-correlations revealed significant patterns related to pain, sleep and weather conditions for individual women. The narrative portion of their diaries supports that pain is physical and mental, knowing the self helps to control the intensity of the illness, and distraction helps to decrease the associated discomforts. Use of diaries and active listening (validation) are supported as interventions for these women.
Some Useful Statistics for a Change

Stauffer, Howard B. 2008. Contemporary Bayesian and frequentist statistical research methods for natural resource scientists. Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey. xv + 400 p. $100.00, ISBN: 978-0-470-16504-1.
Brevetoxin augments NMDA receptor signaling in murine neocortical neurons

Abstract Brevetoxins (PbTx) are potent allosteric enhancers of voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) function and are associated with periodic “red tide” blooms. These neurotoxins produce neuronal injury and death in cerebellar granule cells (CGC) following acute exposure. In murine neocortical neurons, brevetoxin induces Ca2+ influx that is mediated through both glutamatergic and non-glutamatergic pathways. Inasmuch as Src kinase is capable of upregulating the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptors, we determined whether Src kinase participated in PbTx-2-induced Ca2+ influx. Inhibition of Src kinase blocked PbTx-2-induced Ca2+ influx. PbTx-2 treatment moreover increased tyrosine phosphorylation of the NR2B subunit. A rise in intracellular [Na+] and phosphorylation of NMDA receptors by Src kinase is known to increase NMDA receptor activity. We therefore explored the influence of brevetoxin on NMDA receptor function. We found that PbTx-2 augments NMDA receptor-mediated Ca2+ influx in both spontaneously oscillating mature neurons and in non-oscillatory immature neurons. PbTx-2 also enhanced the effect of bath-applied NMDA on extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) activation. These results suggest that brevetoxin augments NMDA receptor signaling in neocortical neurons, and this upregulation may be mediated by coincidence of an elevation in intracellular [Na+] and Src kinase activation.
X-Ray absorption studies of NiBr2(PEO)8 and ErBr3(PEO)12 complexes

X-ray absorption studies of the poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) complex NiBr2(PEO)8 show the formation of Br bridged dimers and higher aggregates. The Ni is complexed with Br and also with O atoms from the PEO. Aggregate formation increases with increasing temperature. In the case of ErBr3(PEO)12 the Er is simply complexed with Br and O. There is no evidence of aggregate formation.
Precise measurements of sin2θefflept using leptonic final states at LEP

Abstract We discuss the determination of sin2θefflept from measurements of forward-backward asymmetries and τ polarization in the process e+e− → l+l− at Z energies. We discuss the systematic uncertainties, and point out possible improvements in combining the LEP experiments' results.
Israel's Capacity to Govern

To those concerned with the process of political development, Israel's transition in its first decade from Jewish self-government under the Mandate to independent statehood is stimulating and fascinating. For Israel is sufficiently small in size and scope to be utilized as a laboratory for close observation of phenomena relevant to an understanding of political development in countries struggling toward national sovereignty in Africa, the Near East, and Asia.
Quality Assessment Algorithm for Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data

A quality assessment algorithm for vapor−liquid equilibrium (VLE) data has been developed. The proposed algorithm combines four widely used tests of VLE consistency based on the requirements of the Gibbs−Duhem equation, with a check of consistency between the VLE binary data and the pure compound vapor pressures. A VLE data-quality criterion is proposed based on the developed algorithm, and it has been implemented in a software application in support of dynamic data evaluation. VLE predictions (NRTL and UNIFAC) were deployed to detect possible anomalies in the data sets. The proposed algorithm can be applied to VLE data sets with at least three state variables reported (pressure, temperature, plus liquid and/or vapor composition) and is applicable to all nonreacting chemical systems at subcritical conditions. Application of the developed algorithms to identification of erroneous published VLE data sets is demonstrated.
An in vitro system for studying juvenile hormone induction of juvenile hormone esterase from the fat body of Trichoplusia ni (Hübner)

Abstract An in vitro fat body culture was used to study juvenile hormone esterase (JHE) regulation. The present study shows juvenile hormone can directly induce JHE activity to appear in the culture medium in a dose-dependent manner at physiological concentrations of JH. This induced appearance of JHE can be blocked with actinomycin D. Biochemical characterization of the in vitro produced JHE demonstrated that it had the same isoelectric points as that of the in vivo JHE activity. The JHE inhibitor 1-1-1 trifluoro-tetradecan-2-one gave the same inhibition profile and I50 toward both in vivo and in vitro produced JHE activities. Finally, the JHE activity induced in vitro was immunologically similar to that occurring in vivo. The system should be useful for high resolution studies on the regulation of JHE.
Intergenerational Differences in Nonverbal Disclosure of Deception

Summary Nonverbal disclosure of deception was investigated in young and old American men and women. Sixty-two college-aged and 42 older individuals were asked to judge silent videotaped segments showing young and old stimulus persons being truthful or deceptive. An analysis of variance of the judgments showed that the elderly stimulus persons generally were less nonverbally revealing of deception than the younger stimulus persons. In addition, the young and old decoders showed differences in the way in which they decoded the same nonverbal behavior. Results thus show differences in both encoding and decoding of nonverbal behavior between young and old adults.
Thermal conductance of superlattice junctions

We use molecular dynamics simulations and the lattice-based scattering boundary method to compute the thermal conductance of finite-length Lennard-Jones superlattice junctions confined by bulk crystalline leads. The superlattice junction thermal conductance depends on the properties of the leads. For junctions with a superlattice period of four atomic monolayers at temperatures between 5 and 20 K, those with mass-mismatched leads have a greater thermal conductance than those with mass-matched leads. We attribute this lead effect to interference between and the ballistic transport of emergent junction vibrational modes. The lead effect diminishes when the temperature is increased, when the superlattice period is increased, and when interfacial disorder is introduced, but is reversed in the harmonic limit.
Contamination control approach for the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer satellite instrumentation

The Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer will perform an all-sky survey and spectroscopic observations over the wavelength range 80-900A. Hydrocarbon and particulate contamination will potentially affect the throughput and signal to noise ratio of the signal detected by the instruments. A witness sample program is here used to investigate and monitor the effects of specific contaminants on EUV reflectivity. Witness samples were intentionally contaminated with thin layers of pump oil. An oil layer 150 A thick was applied and found to evaporate over 8 hours. The EUV reflectivity and imaging properties were then measured and found to be acceptable for grazing angles between 5 and 30 deg. In a second test, layers 500 A thick were deposited and then allowed to evaporate in vacuum; once the oil had evaporated to at least 350 A, the final sample reflectivity was degraded less than 10 percent, but the image was degraded severely by scattering. An outline of the contamination control program is also presented.
Abstract P4-15-08: Discovery of a potent inhibitor of CREB-mediated gene transcription that completely suppresses the growth of triple-negative breast cancer cells

Background: Breast cancers are a heterogeneous group of diseases with distinct and complex mechanisms of pathogenesis. Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) form a subgroup of breast cancers with poor prognosis. TNBCs lack the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) or HER2 and no targeted therapies exist. The cyclic-AMP (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) is a stimulus-induced transcription factor activated by multiple extracellular signals through phosphorylation. The transcription activity of CREB depends on its phosphorylation at Ser133 by mitogen- and stress-activated protein serine/threonine kinases, which are often dysregulated in TNBCs. The phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB) can then bind the mammalian transcription co-activator, CREB-binding protein (CBP), via the kinase-inducible domain (KID) in CREB and KID-interacting (KIX) domain in CBP. This binding event will further recruit other transcriptional machinery to the gene promoter to initiate CREB-dependent gene transcription. CREB is overexpressed in breast cancer tissues compared to normal mammary tissues and the level of expression inversely correlates with disease-free survival. Genetic studies have shown that inhibition of CREB9s activity leads to decreased breast cancer cell proliferation. We describe here the discovery of a potent small molecule inhibitor of CREB-mediated gene transcription with in vitro and in vivo activity in TNBCs. Methods: The small molecule inhibitor (compound 1) was reporter earlier by us (Li and Xiao ChemBioChem 2009). Starting from this lead compound, we designed and synthesized a more potent compound 2. The in vitro antiproliferative activity and apoptosis induction were evaluated in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells with MTT assays and flow cytometry, respectively. In vivo activity was investigated in a human xenograft model of MDA-MB-468. The CREB target gene expression was investigated by Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis. Results: Starting from compound 1, which is a low micromolar and cell-permeable inhibitor of CREB-mediated gene transcription, we designed and synthesized compound 2. Compound 2 potently inhibited CREB-mediated gene transcription with IC50 ∼80 nM. In vitro, this compound inhibited proliferation of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells with concomitant activation of apoptosis and necrosis. In contrast, compound 2 was not toxic to normal human mammary epithelial cells. In vivo, compound 2 completely suppressed the growth of MDA-MB-468 cells at a dose not toxic to the mice. Conclusion: Compound 2 potently inhibited CREB-mediated gene transcription and TNBC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that CREB is a promising druggable target for TNBCs. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P4-15-08.
World Food Council's Tenth Session

Abstract The World Food Council held its 10th ministerial session from 11–15 June in the Africa Hall of the UN Economic Commission for Africa, which is located in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The meeting was historic: ten years had swiftly passed by since the World Food Conference met in Rome. What had been accomplished? The solemnly proclaimed resolution on the eradication of hunger had obviously not been fulfilled. In fact, the world's hungry and malnourished continue to prevail at around the half-billion number. Moreover, Africa was in the throes of a food crisis which had almost swept across that drougt-plagued continent, at least south of the Sahara.
A Vibrio cholerae Relaxed (relA) Mutant Expresses Major Virulence Factors, Exhibits Biofilm Formation and Motility, and Colonizes the Suckling Mouse Intestine

We have constructed a relaxed mutant of El Tor biotype Vibrio cholerae strain C7258 by disruption of the RelA catalytic domain. The ability of the V. cholerae relaxed mutant to biosynthesize guanosine tetraphosphate and pentaphosphate was severely affected; the mutant showed a reduced growth rate in minimal medium that could be reversed by the addition of Casamino Acids, and it was thermosensitive. Contrary to published findings, the new relA mutant still produced significant cholera toxin and toxin-coregulated pilus. The V. cholerae relA mutant was motile, produced normal biofilms, and colonized the suckling mouse intestine. Our data suggest that levels of basal guanosine nucleotides pppGpp and ppGpp, rather than the availability of a stringent response, could influence expression of virulence factors, depending on strain and culture conditions. Production of hemagglutinin (HA)/protease, which requires HapR, RpoS, and the cyclic AMP receptor protein, was not strongly affected. Nevertheless, overexpression of RelA protein from an isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside-inducible promoter posttranscriptionally diminished production of HA/protease.
Material characterization and multi-scale modeling of light activated SMP

Stiffness variation versus stimulation for a light activated shape memory polymer (LASMP) is predicted with a multiscale modeling approach. The multiscale model utilizes rotational isomeric state theory to build a polymer chain conformation, Johnson distributions to model the distances between crosslinks, junction constraints to model neighboring chain interactions, and Boltzmann statistical mechanics to relate the entropy of the chain to the macroscopic response. It is shown that a novel choice for the equation describing stress dependence on strain, capturing the polymer's departure from affine deformation, results in a stress strain curve with an expected shape. The fitting parameters characterizing the interaction with neighboring chains can also be phenomenologically fit to experimental data, yielding accurate modulus predictions. The result is a bottom up model accurately predicting the material response of the polymer with parameters that can be derived almost entirely from the molecular formula of the polymer, allowing sufficiently similar polymers to be modeled accurately, reducing the time, effort, and resources required in the development of new polymer systems.
Introduction&#8212;Parallel and Distributed Computing

THE research domains of parallel and distributed computing have a significant overlap. With the advent of general-purpose multiprocessors, this overlap is bound to increase. This Special Issue attempts to draw together several papers from both of these separate research domains to illustrate commonalty and to encourage greater interaction among researchers in the two communities.
Acetylcysteine did not reduce kidney injury in at-risk patients having vascular angiography

Source Citation ACT Investigators. Acetylcysteine for prevention of renal outcomes in patients undergoing coronary and peripheral vascular angiography: main results from the randomized Acetylcystei...
Spontaneous inflammatory disease in HLA-B27 transgenic mice does not require transporter of antigenic peptides.

HLA-B27 is strongly linked with a group of human diseases called spondyloarthropathies. Even though HLA-B27 as an MHC class I molecule would be expected to present endogenously processed peptides such as cytosolic or viral proteins, many of the B27-linked diseases begin after an infection with an enterobacteria, an exogenous antigen. In our previous studies, we have described development of spontaneous inflammatory disease in HLA-B27 transgenic mice expressing beta(2)m free heavy chains on the cell surface. In order to address the role of endogenous versus exogenous antigens and a role for Tap genes in the development of spontaneous diseases, mice lacking Tap-1 (knockout) were mated to HLA-B27/human beta(2)m transgenic mice. B27(+)/human beta(2)m(+) double-transgenic mice (without mouse beta(2)m) lacking the Tap-1 gene developed spontaneous inflammatory disease similar to wild-type Tap-1 gene-expressing counterparts. Our data demonstrate that peptide transporters (Tap) were not involved in the development of spontaneous inflammatory disease in B27(+)/human beta(2)m transgenic animals.
A network interface unit simulation using micro PASSIM

This paper describes how micro PASSIM, a GPSS based simulation system, was transported from the Apple II to the HP 9836. The problems associated with moving a large program form one UCSD Pascal system to another are discussed. Micro PASSIM was transported to the HP system so that an Ethernet to HPIB interface board could be modeled. The model is described and the results obtained from the simulation are discussed. A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of using micro PASSIM rather than a standard language, such as GPSS, is also included.
Polymerase chain reaction amplification, cloning, sequence determination and homologies of streptococcal ATPase-encoding DNAs.

Abstract The highly conserved portion of the catalytic subunit (β-subunit) of the membrane-bound, proton-translocating ATPase from three strains of oral streptococci has been amplified via the polymerase chain reaction. Hybridization studies demonstrated the existence of homology between Escherichia coli and Bacillus megaterium β-subumt probes at the streptococcal DNA level. Highly degenerate primers, based on the E. coli and B. megaterium amino acid (aa) sequences, were used to amplify the homologues in Streptococcus mutans, S. sanguis and S. sobrinus . The 600 bp fragment from S. sobrinus has been cloned and its nucleotide (nt) sequence determined. Comparison of its nt and deduced aa sequence to that of E. coli and B. megaterium reveals a high degree of homology at the aa level.