cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Comparing neighborhood-based indices of socioeconomic risk factors and potentially preventable emergency department utilization.

Abstract Background Neighborhood stress score (NSS) and area deprivation index (ADI) are two neighborhood-based composite measures used to quantify an individual's socioeconomic risk based on home location. In this analysis, we compare the relationships between an individual's socioeconomic risk, based on each of these measures, and potentially preventable acute care utilization. Methods Using emergency department (ED) visit data from two academic medical centers in Boston, Massachusetts, we conducted adjusted Poisson regressions of ADI decile and NSS decile with counts of low acuity ED visits, admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs), and patients with high frequency ED utilization at the census block group (CBG) level within the greater Boston area. Results Both NSS and ADI decile were associated with elevated rates of utilization, although the associated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for NSS were higher than those for ADI across all three measures. NSS decile was associated with IRRs of 1.11 [95% CI: 1.10–1.12], 1.16 [1.14–1.17], and 1.22 [1.19–1.25] for ACSC admissions, low acuity ED visits, and patients with high frequency ED utilization, respectively; compared with 1.04 [1.04–1.05], 1.11 [1.10–1.11], and 1.10 [1.08–1.12] for ADI decile. Conclusion ADI and NSS both represent effective tools to assess the potential impact of geographically-linked socioeconomic drivers of health on potentially preventable acute care utilization. NSS decile was associated with a greater effect size for each measure of utilization suggesting that this may be a stronger predictor, however, additional research is necessary to evaluate these findings in other contexts.
Resource loss from technology overload and its impact on work-family conflict

We investigated three types of technology overload.We examined the relationship between technology overload and work-family conflict (WFC).Higher levels of technology overload are positively associated with WFC.We found LMX quality moderated the technology overload-WFC associations. With the ever increasing usage of information and communication technology, it is no surprise that technology end-users are experiencing technology overload. Although this technology overload has been shown to have a negative impact on work related outcomes, much less is known about how it is associated with work-family conflict (WFC). This study set out to answer that question by building on Conservation of Resources theory and examining three types of technology overload (information overload, communication overload, and system feature overload) and their relationships with WFC. Additionally, we investigated leader-member exchange quality to see how it impacts the relationships between each type of technology overload and WFC. We examined these relationships in a sample of 219 technology end-users, and our results indicated that all three types of technology overload are associated with WFC. Further, for two types of technology overload, the lower the quality of leader-member exchange relationships, the greater the impact of technology overload on WFC.
Mindfully Scrolling: Rethinking Facebook After Time Deactivated:

Many people express concern that Facebook’s users are overly connected. This article examines responses to survey questions asked after a large random sample of American Facebook users had been pai...
Researchers and Public Views on Electronic Sideview Mirror System (ESMS) in the 21st Century Cars

Each year, there are thousands of road accidents in the United States. The issue has led to additional safety adaptive features in recent cars of which many complained about the safety and the cognitive workload impacts on decision-making processes of some of the features, particularly the ESMS. The study aimed at increasing public awareness on the potential safety of ESMS support in cars. Nine websites (710 public comments) and two articles were reviewed, including. The comments were categorized into positive and negative impacts. Of the 710 comments, 73% were negative and only 27% were positive. Findings highlighted possible hazards associated with ESMS in cars such as image obscuration, high display brightness in dark driving conditions, poor visibility during raining, distraction, etc. Manufacturer improvement on the ESMS was also suggested. Findings from this study would add to the available knowledge on ESMS for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).
Optical second harmonic generation from silicon (100) crystals with process tailored surface and embedded silver nanostructures for silicon nonlinear nanophotonics

The development of on-chip nonlinear optical devices in silicon is of great importance to silicon photonics and silicon chip based quantum information processing technologies. With the aim for a viable solution to overcome the lack of second harmonic generation (SHG) in Si, which is fundamentally limited by its centrosymmetric lattice structure, our work investigates SHG behaviors from Si (100) crystals with silver nanostructures formed following deposition of an ultrathin silver film and subsequent annealing. This study is aided by additional techniques, including x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for measuring surface band bending, secondary electron microscopy for monitoring surface morphology, and Raman scattering for assessing crystal stress. The resultant Ag nanostructures are found to strongly impact the second order nonlinear polarizations in the Si surface regions rather than the bulk. The SHG intensities are increased following the Ag deposition but reduced below the Si control levels after annealing at 600 and 700 °C, which may be due to charge transfer from Ag to SiO2/Si and/or passivation of interfacial defects. Interestingly, annealing at higher temperatures (800 and 900 °C) leads to the formation of Ag nano-shell structures embedded below the SiO2/Si interface, different from the as-deposited and low-temperature annealing cases with Ag nano-spheroid structures appearing on the surface, and concomitantly, the SHG intensities are recovered and even exceed the level for the as-deposited sample in the p-Si case. The enhanced SHG following high-temperature annealing, particularly at 800 °C, is attributed to a redshift of the localized plasmon resonance of these embedded Ag nano-shells relative to the surface-covered nano-spheroids that leads to localized surface plasmon resonance around the fundamental light wavelength. Other factors including electric-field-induced SHG and the effects of stress or oxide thickness can be ruled out. This work suggests a novel approach to enhance second-order optical nonlinearity in Si through the formation of embedded metal nanostructures.
On the Riemannian Penrose inequality in dimensions less than eight

The positive mass theorem states that a complete asymptotically flat manifold of nonnegative scalar curvature has nonnegative mass and that equality is achieved only for the Euclidean metric. The Riemannian Penrose inequality provides a sharp lower bound for the mass when black holes are present. More precisely, this lower bound is given in terms of the area of an outermost minimal hypersurface, and equality is achieved only for Schwarzschild metrics. The Riemannian Penrose inequality was first proved in three dimensions in 1997 by G. Huisken and T. Ilmanen for the case of a single black hole (see [HI]). In 1999, Bray extended this result to the general case of multiple black holes using a different technique (see [Br]). In this article, we extend the technique of [Br] to dimensions less than eight. Part of the argument is contained in a companion article by Lee [L]. The equality case of the theorem requires the added assumption that the manifold be spin
Single Institution Experience of Proton and Photon-based Postoperative Radiation Therapy for Non-small-cell Lung Cancer.

Abstract Introduction Postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) for non–small-cell lung cancer remains controversial with studies showing no overall survival (OS) benefit in the setting of excessive cardiopulmonary toxicity. Proton beam therapy (PBT) can potentially reduce toxicity with improved organ-at-risk sparing. We evaluated outcomes of PORT patients treated with PBT and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Materials and Methods This is a retrospective review of 136 PORT patients (61 PBT, 75 IMRT) treated from 2003 to 2016. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to assess oncologic outcomes. A Cox regression was conducted to identify associated factors. Total toxicity burden (TTB) was defined as grade ≥ 2 pneumonitis, cardiac, or esophageal toxicity. Results Median OS was 76 and 46 months for PBT and IMRT with corresponding 1- and 5-year OS of 85.3%, 50.9% and 89.3%, 37.2% (P = .38), respectively. V30 Gy heart (odds ratio [OR], 144.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.91-7214; P = .013) and V5 Gy lung (OR, 15.8; 95% CI, 1.22-202.7; P = .03) were predictive of OS. Organ-at-risk sparing was improved with PBT versus IMRT; mean heart 2.0 versus 7.4 Gy (P Conclusion PBT improved cardiac and lung sparing and reduced toxicity compared with IMRT. Considering the impact of cardiopulmonary toxicity on PORT outcomes, PBT warrants prospective evaluation.
Shoot for the Moon, If You Miss You’ll Land Among Valuable Asteroids: An Analysis of the Legal Ramifications of Asteroid Mining

With the rate of technological advancement and the current lack of effective regulation at the international and supranational level, asteroid mining is set to be the next California Gold Rush. Unlike the previous space race, private companies like SpaceX and and ConsenSys/Planetary Resources are more likely than nation states to lead the way into this new frontier because of the motivation for profit. Current United Nations conventions, such as the Moon Treaty, do not apply to private sector companies and provide only limited principles for space exploration by States parties, rather than practical law. As a result, this asteroid mining boom has the potential to bring about the violence and claim-jumping also associated with the California Gold Rush. This in turn may lead to the private militarization of space as corporations attempt to defend their claims and vie for better ones. Governance by individual countries or the United Nations will not be effective because (1) it may not bind the necessary parties and (2) it may be too easy to bypass. This Comment argues instead that a global framework convention, similar to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, must be adopted. Such a convention would provide general regulations for both nations and private entities as asteroid mining begins, while allowing for the regulations to become more specific as the technology and needs continue to develop.
Evolution of pediatric gastrointestinal ulcer disease: Is acute surgical intervention relevant?

Abstract Background There is a lack of contemporary data about pediatric gastrointestinal ulcer disease. We hypothesized that ulcers found in immunosuppressed children were more likely to require surgical intervention. Methods All children Results Of 129 cases, 19 (14.7%) were immunosuppressed. Eight were post-transplant; four were diagnosed with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD). Eight were associated with cancer. Three were both. Three of 19 immunosuppressed and 28/110 immunocompetent patients were taking acid suppression therapy. Nine immunosuppressed patients required surgical intervention, including all PTLD cases, compared to 14 immunocompetent (47.3% vs 16.4%, p Conclusion Surgical treatment for ulcers remains relevant for pediatric patients. Immunosuppressed patients have more complications, longer hospital stays, and are more likely to need surgical intervention. Efforts should be made for ulcer prophylaxis with a low threshold to investigate epigastric pain in these complex patients. Level of evidence Prognosis Study Level III Evidence
Tumor Response Dynamics During First-Line Pembrolizumab Therapy in Patients With Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

PURPOSEThe objectives of the study were to characterize the tumor burden dynamics on serial computed tomography scans in patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer treated with first-line pe...
Bilateral Vocal Fold Granuloma and Anterior Glottic Web After Papilloma Excision

We present a case of delayed vocal process granulomas and anterior glottic web after treatment of vocal fold papillomas with a laryngeal microdebrider and CO2 laser ablation. This case highlights a risk of vocal fold granuloma in the setting of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis and microdebrider use, warranting close follow-up and consideration of prophylactic voice therapy, anti-reflux medications, and steroid injection in cases of violation of vocal cord epithelium.
Crystal Structures of Drug-Metabolizing CYPs

The complex enzyme kinetics displayed by drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) (see Chapter 9 ) can, in part, be explained by an examination of their crystallographic protein structures. Fortunately, despite low sequence similarity between different families of drug-metabolizing CYPs, there exists a high degree of structural homology within the superfamily. This similarity in the protein fold allows for a direct comparison of the structural features of CYPs that contribute toward differences in substrate binding, heterotropic and homotropic cooperativity, and genetic variability in drug metabolism. In this chapter, we first provide an overview of the nomenclature and the role of structural features that are common in all CYPs. We then apply these definitions to understand the different substrate specificities and functions in the CYP3A, CYP2C, and CYP2D families of enzymes.
Repeat abortion

A reanalysis of the repeat abortion experience of New York City residents during July 1, 1970 to June 30, 1972 is undertaken on the basis of a probability model that generates repeat abortion ratios as a function of assumptions about fecundity, contraceptive efficiency, and exposure lengths. Tested are three hypotheses put forward by Daily et al. in a 1973 analysis: (i) the low repeat abortion ratio of .0245 is attributable in part to underreporting of registered induced abortions as repeat ones; (ii) a major part of the rise in repeat abortion ratios, from virtually zero to six percent over four consecutive six-month intervals, is explainable in terms of the rising volume of exposure time to risk of repeat abortion relative to the stream of initial abortions; and (iii) the higher abortion ratios of women in their twenties compared to those of older or younger women is ascribable to “differences in fecundity and intercourse frequency.” Support is found for the first two hypotheses, and a mixed outcome for the third.
Pre- and Postoperative Care for Neurosurgery Procedures

Pediatric cerebrovascular diseases are rare entities, with few definitive guidelines established for preoperative and postoperative care. Aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, and Vein of Galen malformation constitute the majority of the surgical lesions, which share many features in their perioperative management, allowing for the major differences between unruptured and ruptured lesions within each disease. In all circumstances, the importance of multidisciplinary care involving pediatric critical care, neurocritical care, neuroradiology, and pediatric anesthesia is emphasized. Minimization of blood loss and careful hemodynamic support is mandatory, particularly for younger patients, who are at high risk of critical neurologic injury from acute blood loss anemia during surgery. Similarly, early and aggressive management of common disease sequelae and treatment complications is mandatory, which may include hydrocephalus, intracranial hypertension, seizures, and labile hemodynamic or metabolic abnormalities. Disease specific considerations are nuanced and often influenced by the anatomy and confirmation of the lesion, as well as by the other characteristics of the patient and presentation. Many pediatric aneurysms should be preferentially considered for open clipping, particularly following rupture, given the well-established durability of the modality, and the typical complex morphology of these lesions. Low- or intermediate-grade pediatric AVM presenting with hemorrhage or intractable seizures are most amenable to surgical resection; however, high-grade lesions or lesions in unfavorable locations should be considered for stereotactic radiosurgery, particularly in patients with otherwise intact neurologic examinations. Vein of Galen malformations present a range of management challenges, including high risk of heart failure and other medical complications. Endovascular therapy is recommended for most patients, and early involvement of cardiology and pediatric critical care is recommended both before and after intervention. For all such patients, management at an experienced tertiary care center with broad multidisciplinary support and dedicated expertise in both pediatric and cerebrovascular neurosurgery is strongly recommended.
Palliative care is not associated with decreased intensity of care: Results of a chart review from a large children's hospital.

BACKGROUND Palliative care is an important component of pediatric oncology care, especially for children who will not be cured of their disease. However, barriers remain to integration of this service. One barrier is the perception that it indicates "giving up." This study examined if palliative care involvement was associated with a decreased intensity of care at the end of life for children with malignancy at a large academic center with a well-established palliative care program. PROCEDURE This is a retrospective chart review that measured intensity of care as the number of emergency department visits, hospital days, and intensive care unit days in the last one and three months of life. The data were compared for patients with and without palliative care involvement and with and without hospice involvement. RESULTS Palliative involvement was not associated with a decrease in the intensity of care in the last three months of life. Hospice care was associated with a decreased intensity of care. These results held true in analyses adjusted for age at death, gender, and type of malignancy. CONCLUSIONS These data can reassure patients, families, and providers that palliative involvement does not necessitate decreased intensity of care. Patients and families often choose hospice care to decrease the amount of time spent at the hospital and it was associated with meeting that goal.
A note on the possibility of subsurface oceans on the Uranian satellites

Abstract We use an existing thermal evolution model to assess the plausibility of subsurface oceans on the moons of Uranus. We adopt a conservative approach neglecting tidal heating and find that Titania and Oberon could support a subsurface ocean to the present day if conductive heat loss through the ice shell is limited. This could occur due to porosity, an ammonia-rich ocean, or clathrates at the base of the ice shell. This result emphasizes the importance of designing future missions with the capability to detect an ocean at all five of the large Uranian satellites.
Iraq: The Case for Losing

What follows is the lightly edited text of a lecture delivered at the Brooklyn Law School Symposium on War and Trade on September 22, 2005. I argued that, as of the date of the lecture, the United States had already been defeated in Iraq, predicted an exit strategy likely to be adopted by the Bush administration, and assessed the likely consequences of the defeat for the various participants in the conflict. I ended with a statement that we should embrace our defeat as good for the world at large, however terrible for the Iraqi people. Of course, by the time the text went to the printer, much had changed, and by the time it finds its way into the reader’s hands, yet more will have changed. I am grateful to the Brooklyn Journal of International Law for its willingness to publish the lecture nonetheless, as a contribution to the debate on the war and also to the archive of anti-war speeches that may interest future historians of the domestic conflict over the conflict. **
The proteins of the parainfluenza virus SV5

Abstract The polypeptides of isolated, purified SV5 nucleocapsid and of SV5 virions dissociated with sodium dodecyl sulfate have been separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The nucleocapsid contains a single polypeptide. A total of six polypeptides, 2 major and 4 minor bands, have been found in the SV5 virion. The nucleocapsid protein represents one of the major polypeptides, and the other five are presumably associated with the viral envelope. Similar results have been obtained with SV5 virions grown in four different cell types. Estimation of the molecular weights of the viral proteins based on coelectrophoresis with marker proteins indicate that the nucleocapsid polypeptide has the lowest molecular weight, ∼43,000. The molecular weights of the other five viral polypeptides range from approximately 50,000 to 76,000.
APPLICATION OF BAYESIAN STATISTICAL INFERENCE AND DECISION THEORY TO A FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEM IN NATURAL RESOURCE SCIENCE: THE ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF AN ENDANGERED SPECIES

A fundamental problem of interest to contemporary natural resource scientists is that of assessing whether a critical population parameter such as population proportion p has been maintained above (or below) a specified critical threshold level pc. This problem has been traditionally analyzed using frequentist estimation of parameters with confidence intervals or frequentist hypothesis testing. Bayesian statistical analysis provides an alternative approach that has many advantages. It has a more intuitive interpretation, providing probability assessments of parameters. It provides the Bayesian logic of “if (data), then probability (parameters)” rather than the frequentist logic of “if (parameters), then probability (data).” It provides a sequential, cumulative, scientific approach to analysis, using prior information and reassessing the probability distribution of parameters for adaptive management decision making. It has been integrated with decision theory and provides estimates of risk. Natural resource scientists have the opportunity of using Bayesian statistical analysis to their advantage now that this alternative approach to statistical inference has become practical and accessible.
Chinese Romanization Change:: A Study on User Preference

Recently the Library of Congress reconsidered switching the Chinese romanization system from Wade-Giles to Pinyin in cataloging Chinese language materials. This article reports a study on library users' familiarity with and preference for the two systems. Five groups of users on Chinese language materials including the "Mainland Chinese," "Taiwan Chinese," "Singapore Chinese," "Hong Koge Chinese." and "Americans fluent in Chinese" participated a series of matching tests and responded to a questionnaire. The tests were designed to measure and compare participants' performance in matching Pinyin and Wade-Giles romanized titles with corresponding Chinese titles. Results indicate the majority scored better in the Pinyin test and preferred Pinyin to Wide-Giles. Research findings support the Library of Congress proposal for a Pinyin switch.
A loop-aware search strategy for automated performance analysis

Automated online search is a powerful technique for performance diagnosis. Such a search can change the types of experiments it performs while the program is running, making decisions based on live performance data. Previous research has addressed search speed and scaling searches to large codes and many nodes. This paper explores using a finer granularity for the bottlenecks that we locate in an automated online search, i.e., refining the search to bottlenecks localized to loops. The ability to insert and remove instrumentation on-the-fly means an online search can utilize fine-grain program structure in ways that are infeasible using other performance diagnosis techniques. We automatically detect loops in a program’s binary control flow graph and use this information to efficiently instrument loops. We implemented our new strategy in an existing automated online performance tool, Paradyn. Results for several sequential and parallel applications show that a loop-aware search strategy can increase bottleneck precision without compromising search time or cost.
Developing computing identity as a model for prioritizing dynamic K-12 computing curricular standards

As computers become more ubiquitous across fields, it is becoming more important to integrate computing education into K-12 schools. However, it is challenging to develop and implement standards for this integration, because computing is a dynamic field, where technologies change more rapidly than curricula can be modified. The goal of this research is to establish a framework for developing and implementing standards for K-12 computing education. Our proposed framework is based on using computing identity development among K-12 students as a goal to help in choosing K-12 educational standards for incremental implementation. A synthesis of two models developed to improve identity among college students is presented. One of the models is specifically based on leadership in computing, while the other focuses on peer mentoring for student development. The authors also present an extension of these models for future K-12 computing curricular development to help educators prioritize implementation goals based on newly developing standards.
Rapid determination by light scattering of growth parameters of Mycoplasma laidlawii in liquid media.

An impediment to progress in the study of the course of growth, the effects of medium components, antibiotics, etc., of Mycoplasma has been the cumbersome methods of growth measurement currently in use. Heretofore, it required the plating of numerous samples during growth, at least in triplicate, after appropriate dilution, followed by a delay of 2 to 3 days before the colonies developed so that counts could be made. We applied the technique of light scattering to measure the growth of Mycoplasma laidlawii in liquid culture continuously in a manner analogous to the use of absorbancy for bacteria. Scattered light measurements precisely paralleled data obtained by the tedious method of plate counts and were available immediately during the development of the culture. The lower limit of sensitivity with the system described is 105 Mycoplasma per ml. The presence of serum in the medium lowers sensitivity somewhat. However, concentrations of serum up to 10% are easily tolerated. Higher serum content may require calibration curves. Thus the technique may be used with many pathogens, etc., that require serum to develop. One can easily and rapidly measure differences in growth rates as well as final cell yields during the course of growth, rather than 3 days later, after colonies have developed.
Existence and stability criteria for circular geodesics in the vicinity of a Reissner-Nordström black hole

Circular timelike geodesics in the vicinity of a Reissner-Nordstrom black hole of massm and chargeq are considered. These geodesics exist for allr>(3m/2) [1+(1−8q2/9m2)1/2], and are stable for allr>rs, wherers is the largest real root ofr3−6mr2+9q2r−4q4/m=0. Forq2=0 these expressions reduce to the familiar Schwarzschild resultsr>3m andr>6m, respectively; forq2=m2 they reduce tor>2m andr>4m.
Self-monitoring of reexperiencing symptoms: a randomized trial.

The efficacy of a brief intervention to self-monitor reexperiencing symptoms was evaluated in 137 U.S. combat veterans with PTSD who were enrolled in 5-week psychoeducation groups at a large Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Groups were randomized to psychoeducation alone (Education Control, n = 50) or psychoeducation plus intrusion monitoring (Education + Monitoring, n = 87). Education + Monitoring participants were asked to make a daily record of the number and content of nightmares, flashbacks, intrusive trauma-related thoughts, and physiological and emotional reactions to triggers. Avoidance symptoms were reduced in both conditions (η(2) = .093), with no additional benefit from intrusion monitoring (η(2) = .001). Compliance with intrusion monitoring was markedly low, which complicated the interpretation of the study findings. Even though intrusion monitoring has a strong theoretical foundation and may be an efficient and cost-effective alternative to more structured treatments for PTSD, the effect of intrusion monitoring will not be clearly understood until higher compliance can be achieved. Future work in this area should address barriers to compliance and investigate strategies for enhancing motivation to engage in self-monitoring.
Why Heidegger did not travel: existential angst, authenticity, and tourist experiences.

Abstract “Authenticity” continues to be debated within tourism studies, as seen in the extensive number of articles published in ATR since 1999 on this subject. Advocates of existential authenticity have used the work of the German philosopher Martin Heidegger to argue that tourists seek experiences that counter the emptiness of everyday life in modern societies and provide them an opportunity to be more authentic. This is, however, based on a partial reading of Heidegger. His work implicitly questions the efficacy of travel as a means of experiencing a greater awareness of one’s own place in the world and explicitly rejects cosmopolitanism as a worldview. Rather than a new intervention, ‘existential authenticity’ is a return to a familiar travel/tourist dichotomy.
Effective field theory approach to processes involving both light and heavy fields

The matrix elements of operators containing both heavy quark (Q) fields and light particle fields can contain logarithms of the type In(mQμ) if (in some frame) the heavy quark is approximately static (i.e., |pQ|⪡mQ) and the light particles' typical momentum is of order μ⪡mQ. By performing the functional integral over the heavy quark fields first and treating their mass as very large (so that the heavy quarks are essentially static color sources), the logarithms of (mQμ) are determined by the “infinite” parts of Feynman diagrams involving only the light fields. We show how to sum these logarithms using a renormalization group equation derived from a mass-independent subtraction scheme.
High-Molecular-Weight Protein (pUL48) of Human Cytomegalovirus Is a Competent Deubiquitinating Protease: Mutant Viruses Altered in Its Active-Site Cysteine or Histidine Are Viable

We show here that the high-molecular-weight protein (HMWP or pUL48; 253 kDa) of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a functionally competent deubiquitinating protease (DUB). By using a suicide substrate probe specific for ubiquitin-binding cysteine proteases (DUB probe) to screen lysates of HCMV-infected cells, we found just one infected-cell-specific DUB. Characteristics of this protein, including its large size, expression at late times of infection, presence in extracellular virus particles, and reactivity with an antiserum to the HMWP, identified it as the HMWP. This was confirmed by constructing mutant viruses with substitutions in two of the putative active-site residues, Cys24Ile and His162Ala. HMWP with these mutations either failed to bind the DUB probe (C24I) or had significantly reduced reactivity with it (H162A). More compellingly, the deubiquitinating activity detected in wild-type virus particles was completely abolished in both the C24I and H162A mutants, thereby directly linking HMWP with deubiquitinating enzyme activity. Mutations in these active-site residues were not lethal to virus replication but slowed production of infectious virus relative to wild type and mutations of other conserved residues. Initial studies, by electron microscopy, of cells infected with the mutants revealed no obvious differences at late times of replication in the general appearance of the cells or in the distribution, relative numbers, or appearance of virus particles in the cytoplasm or nucleus.
Resonant dynamics of an autoparametric system : A study using higher-order averaging

Abstract The autoparametric system consisting of a pendulum attached to a primary spring-mass is known to exhibit 1:2 internal resonance, and amplitude-modulated chaos under harmonic forcing conditions. First-order averaging studies and an analysis of the amplitude dynamics predicts that the response curves of the system exhibit saturation. The period-doubling route to chaos is observed following a Hopf bifurcation to limit cycles. However, to answer questions about the range of the small parameter e (a function of the forcing amplitude) for which the solutions are valid, and about the persistence of some unstable dynamical behavior, like saturation, higher-order non-linear effects need to be taken into account. Second-order averaging of the system is undertaken to address these issues. Loss of saturation is observed in the steady-state amplitude responses. The breaking of symmetry in the various bifurcation sets becomes apparent as a consequence of e appearing in the averaged equations. For larger e, second-order averaging predicts additional Pitchfork and Hopf bifurcation points in the single-mode response. For the response between the two Hopf bifurcation points from the coupled-mode solution branch, the period-doubling as well as the Silnikov mechanism for chaos are observed. The predictions of the averaged equations are verified qualitatively for the original equations.
Proflavine sensitivity of RNA processing in isolated nuclei

The intercalating agent proflavine inhibits the processing and subsequent release of preformed messenger RNA and ribosomal RNA from isolated liver nuclei to surrogate cytoplasm. The direct effect of proflavine on these processes, as monitored in a reconstituted cell-free system, supports the theory that base-paired segments (i.e. hairpin loops) in the precursor RNA's are involved as recognition sites in nuclear RNA processing.
Scrap and Storage Markets in the Gulf of Mexico—I. Decommissioning Operations

Abstract The purpose of this four-part series is to review the scrap and storage markets in the Gulf of Mexico associated with the offshore industry. Very little has been written about the scrap industry related to the oil and gas industry, and thus, our aim is to provide a general overview on the topic summarizing the results of the study (Kaiser and Pulsipher, 2007). We begin with a review of offshore infrastructure in the Gulf of Mexico and the stages of decommissioning that generate waste product. We review the waste disposal hierarchy and describe how structures at the end of their lives are bought and sold.
Impact of Atmospheric Intraseasonal Oscillations on the Indian Ocean Dipole during the 1990s

Abstract Effects of atmospheric intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) on the Indian Ocean zonal dipole mode (IOZDM) are investigated by analyzing available observations and a suite of solutions to an ocean general circulation model, namely, the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). Data and model solutions for the period 1991–2000 are analyzed, a period that includes two strong IOZDM events, during 1994 and 1997, and a weak one, in 1991. Both the data analysis and model results suggest that atmospheric ISOs play a significant role in causing irregularity of the two strong IOZDM events and the premature termination of the weak one. Of particular interest is a basinwide, wind-driven oceanic resonance with a period near 90 days, involving the propagation of equatorial Kelvin and first-meridional-mode Rossby waves across the basin. Before the onset of the strong 1997 dipole, wind variability had significant power near 90 days, and the resonance was strongly excited. Associated with the resonance was a deepened t...
Bubble-bubble interaction for Lagrangian treatment of multi-component flow

Abstract Interaction between bubbles for the simple case of a small spherical bubble in the vicinity of a much larger bubble — both rising in stationary liquid — with no mass transfer between liquid and vapor phases, has been studied numerically. The effect of the motion of the larger bubble on the dynamics of the smaller bubble has been determined both for completely spherical, and for spherical cap shaped large bubbles. The complicated motion of the smaller bubble, as it is entrained in the wake of the larger bubble, is clearly seen. This simple model of bubble-bubble interaction — that predicts the essential features observed in experiment — can be used in the computer simulation of individual-particle-tracking method (Lagrangian approach) of two-phase flow analysis.
Seismological aspects of the 1989–1990 eruption at Redoubt Volcano, Alaska: the Materials Failure Forecast Method (FFM) with RSAM and SSAM seismic data

Abstract Seismic activity during the December 1989 to April 1990 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, has been tracked by the Alaska Volcano Observatory using Real-time Seismic Amplitude Measurement (RSAM) and Seismic Spectral Amplitude Measurement (SSAM) systems with up to five stations. Data consist of 10-minute averages of the absolute amplitudes of seismometer output. These data have been used to test in hindsight the Materials Failure Forecast Method (FFM), which attempts to define the time of eruption with a time series for precursory phenomena whose rate of change accelerates measurably before events. Practical application of the method emphasizes inverse-rate plots, both for early detection of signal emergent from background, and for event forecasting. Eruption windows are determined by graphical or numerical extrapolation of the inverse-rate trend and by intersection of a data envelope, reflecting data scatter and consistency, with an empirical critical rate near the time of eruption. Prior to the dome-destroying eruption of January 2, rate changes were of sufficient consistency, duration, and intensity for a qualitative or quantitative FFM predictive analysis, using either RSAM or SSAM. Signal-to-noise ratio was high for both RSAM or SSAM data sets, and FFM analyses could have provided useful support for decision making. Following January 2, in association with a rapid succession of dome-collapse eruptions, signal strength diminished and RSAM signal-to-noise ratio declined. The most distinct patterns on RSAM reflected noise rather than signal, and forecasting exclusively based for RSAM would have been misleading. By eliminating the noise in excluded frequencies, an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio was generally produced by SSAM for banded frequencies near 2 Hz. After January 2, only SSAM exhibited signal-to-noise ratios suitable for FFM analysis. Inverse-SSAM plots could have been informative for early detection of precursory long-period seismicity. The prospect of combining the FFM approach with spectral amplitudes in selected frequencies offers considerable promise.
The role of strategic enterprise risk management and organizational flexibility in easing new regulatory compliance

Abstract The impact of new regulatory requirements for internal control reporting on an organization's ability to maintain strategic flexibility has been debated in the popular press extensively. This paper tests theory from strategic management to examine the relationship between an organizations' pre-regulatory strength of strategic enterprise risk management (ERM) processes and their ability to react to new regulatory mandates. In the context of companies' adoption of SOX Section 404 internal control reporting requirements, we examine organizations' pre-SOX ERM processes, ERM supporting technologies, and organizational flexibility in order to better understand the antecedents to the difficulty encountered in meeting SOX 404 requirements. Using responses from 113 Chief Audit Executives (CAEs), we find that organizations with stronger strategic ERM processes and flexible organizational structures already in place incurred little difficulty in implementing SOX 404 mandates. On the other hand, organizations using weaker ERM processes, which focused on control compliance, experienced more difficulty. These findings provide key insights into the importance of strategic ERM in effectively complying with new regulatory controls in volatile environments.
Neutron monitor observations of high-energy solar particles during the new cycle

After a lapse of five years, the first solar events in which particles were emitted with sufficiently high energies to produce intensity enhancements in ground-based neutron monitors occurred on July 7, 1966, and January 28, 1967. Although the magnitude of the first of these increases was too small (<2%) to permit detailed analysis, the later event, which exceeded 18% at sea-level stations in the polar regions, displayed unusual characteristics. The January 28 event is anomalous in that either it represents the first observation of solar particles reaching the earth from the back side of the sun, or it is associated with a feeble flare (1-) in the unfavored eastern hemisphere of the visible disk. The propagation of solar particles in this event was evidently controlled by a diffusion mechanism, and the observations are consistent with predictions based on alternative theoretical models of this process.
Instability of steady shearing flows in a non-linear viscoelastic fluid

This paper proves the non-existence of global smooth solutions to an equation for a viscoelastic fluid shearing flow. The non-existence of smooth solutions is interpreted physically as the formation of a vortex sheet and an instability in the fluid motion.
An Exploratory Qualitative Study of the Proximal Goal Setting of Two Introductory Modeling Instruction Physics Students

Proximal goal setting has been strongly linked to self‐efficacy and often occurs in successful problem solving. A qualitative study, using both observations and interviews, investigated the problem‐solving processes and the self‐efficacy of two students enrolled in an introductory physics course that implemented Modeling Instruction at Florida International University. We found that the problem solving process could be divided into two main phases: the goal setting process and the self‐efficacy feedback loop. Further, from the qualitative data, the goal setting process could not be isolated from its impact on the self‐efficacy of the students. This relationship between the goal setting strategies within the problem‐solving process and self‐efficacy may be linked to the retention of students in physics. We present results of the study and its possible link to student retention.
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of prostate

A prostatic tumor removed suprapubically in a sixty-three-year-old man was found to be a malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Various aspects of prostatic sarcomas and malignant fibrous histiocytomas are considered.
The Effects of Computer-Mediated Vocational Guidance Procedures on the Appropriateness of Vocational Preference.

Abstract To assess the effectiveness of vocational guidance procedures proposed for inclusion in a computer-based vocational exploration system, 139 eleventh-grade male subjects were randomly assigned to three experimental groups and a control group. One group was given a computer-generated accuracy of self-knowledge feedback, another group was taught an occupational classification scheme, a third group experienced both. Utilizing a method of explicit comparison between students' measured characteristics and the measured characteristics of occupational norm groups, the results showed students in the groups receiving feedback increased in the appropriateness of the occupational level of their first occupational choice. In addition, students in the combined treatment group increased in the appropriateness of the level of their total occupational preferences. A delayed posttest indicated that these increases persisted.
Glioblastoma of the cerebellum. Computed tomographic and pathologic considerations

Cerebellar glioblastoma is a brain malignancy that is often difficult to distinguish from metastatic disease in the elderly before biopsy. The clinical course and computed tomographic appearance of four patients with multiform glioblastoma of the cerebellum are presented and correlated with other reports in the literature. The appearance of a cerebellar hemispheric lesion with little mass effect is described, and the pathology of the tumor is reviewed.
Parts of the Whole: When Variation is the Goal

The goals of higher education are a population of extreme variability in expertise, a diffusion of specialized knowledge across disciplinary boundaries, and production of strong K-12 teachers. Promoting these three goals has implications at all granularities, from the pedagogy of an individual college professor to the incentives and policies that shape systemic change.
The European context of sixteenth-century Prussian humanism

(1991). The European context of sixteenth-century Prussian humanism. Journal of Baltic Studies: Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 5-28.
Tardive tremor due to metoclopramide

Tardive tremor is a very uncommon neuroleptic-induced tardive syndrome which was initially described in five patients by Stacy and Jankovic (Stacy and Jankovic, Mov Disord 1992;7:53–57). Since then, there have been only three additional case reports attesting to the apparent rarity of this condition, although it is unknown whether other unreported cases have been observed. We describe a patient with persistent tardive tremor that was associated with tardive dyskinesia, who closely resembles previously reported cases. © 2002 Movement Disorder Society
Partition selection policies in object database garbage collection

The automatic reclamation of storage for unreferenced objects is very important in object databases. Existing language system algorithms for automatic storage reclamation have been shown to be inappropriate. In this paper, we investigate methods to improve the performance of algorithms for automatic for automatic storage reclamation of object databases. These algorithms are based on a technique called partitioned garbage collection, in which a subset of the entire database is collected independently of the rest. Specifically, we investigate the policy that is used to select what partition in the database should be collected. The policies that we propose and investigate are based on the intuition that the values of overwritten pointers provide good hints about where to find garbage. Using trace-driven simulation, we show that one of our policies requires less I/O to collect more garbage than any existing implementable policy and performs close to a near-optimal policy over a wide range of database sizes and object connectivities.
Mental Health of the Industrial Worker:1 An Analysis and Review

One of the important concerns of the humanist throughout the modern era has been with the psychological condition of the worker in the routine, mindless, jobs of industry and of the paper-work bureaucracies. Professor Kornhauser, in this work, has contributed significantly to understanding the attitudes, mental health and strivings of the worker in the still important, mass production segment of our laboring world. In presenting a statistical portrait of the Detroit factory worker in the 1950's he not only wishes to address himself to the fellow social scientist but also to all thoughtful citizens concerned with wise social policy affecting the welfare of working people.