cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Physiological Correlates of Psychopathy, Antisocial Personality Disorder, Habitual Aggression, and Violence

This chapter reviews the existing literature on physiological correlates of psychopathy, antisocial personality disorder, and persistent violence/aggression. Coverage is provided of findings from studies utilizing peripheral, electrocortical, and neuroimaging measures. The review begins with a discussion of how psychopathy and antisocial personality are defined, and how these conditions relate to one another and to violent behavior. A case is made that the relationships psychopathy and ASPD show with violent and aggressive behavior, and similarities and differences in associations of each with physiological measures of various types can be understood in terms of symptomatic features these conditions have in common versus features that distinguish them. Following this, an overview is provided of major lines of evidence emerging from psychophysiological and neuroimaging studies conducted to date on these conditions. The final section of the chapter summarizes what has been learned from these existing studies and discusses implications and directions for future research.
Abelian pattern avoidance in partial words

Pattern avoidance is an important topic in combinatorics on words which dates back to the beginning of the twentieth century when Thue constructed an infinite word over a ternary alphabet that avoids squares, i.e., a word with no two adjacent identical factors. This result finds applications in various algebraic contexts where more general patterns than squares are considered. On the other hand, Erdős raised the question as to whether there exists an infinite word that avoids abelian squares, i.e., a word with no two adjacent factors being permutations of one another. Although this question was answered affirmately years later, knowledge of abelian pattern avoidance is rather limited. Recently, (abelian) pattern avoidance was initiated in the more general framework of partial words, which allow for undefined positions called holes. Here, we investigate conditions for a pattern to be abelian avoidable by a partial word with finitely or infinitely many holes.
Interview and Intervention Strategies for Adolescents

Many pediatric health care providers are comfortable with infants, children, and parents but are apprehensive at the prospect of evaluating an adolescent. The ability to interview adolescents well is an essential skill for the appropriate evaluation and treatment of adolescent patients. The purpose of this chapter is to present guidelines for interviewing adolescents and suggest practical recommendations for improving the communication process between clinician and teenager.
Deep Learning in the Natural Sciences: Applications to Physics

Machine learning is increasingly being used not only in engineering applications such as computer vision and speech recognition, but in data analysis for the natural sciences. Here we describe applications of deep learning to four areas of experimental sub-atomic physics — high-energy physics, antimatter physics, neutrino physics, and dark matter physics.
Research on Children and Advertising Then and Now: Challenges and Opportunities for Future Research

New forms of advertising to children (such as “unboxing videos” and “vlogs”) necessitate new studies and examinations of ethics, advertising literacy, and regulations. At the same time, it is usefu...
Multiple conformational states of the HPK1 kinase domain in complex with sunitinib reveal the structural changes accompanying HPK1 trans-regulation.

Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1 or MAP4K1) is a Ser/Thr kinase that operates via the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathways to dampen the T-cell response and antitumor immunity. Accordingly, selective HPK1 inhibition is considered a means to enhance antitumor immunity. Sunitinib, a multi-receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor approved for the management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and pancreatic cancer, has been reported to inhibit HPK1 in vitro. In this report, we describe the crystal structures of the native HPK1 kinase domain in both nonphosphorylated and doubly phosphorylated states, in addition to a double phosphomimetic mutant (T165E,S171E), each complexed with sunitinib at 2.17–3.00-Å resolutions. The native nonphosphorylated cocrystal structure revealed an inactive dimer in which the activation loop of each monomer partially occupies the ATP- and substrate-binding sites of the partner monomer. In contrast, the structure of the protein with a doubly phosphorylated activation loop exhibited an active kinase conformation with a greatly reduced monomer–monomer interface. Conversely, the phosphomimetic mutant cocrystal structure disclosed an alternative arrangement in which the activation loops are in an extended domain-swapped configuration. These structural results indicate that HPK1 is a highly dynamic kinase that undergoes trans-regulation via dimer formation and extensive intramolecular and intermolecular remodeling of the activation segment.
Utilization of Cardiac Rehabilitation Among Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Survivors

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is associated with decreased mortality and rehospitalization rates for patients with a variety of cardiac conditions. Although CR referral rates for STEMI patients have improved, rates for heart failure have remained low. Many of these patients are admitted to the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU). However, it is unknown how often CICU survivors qualify for cardiac rehabilitation, how often they are referred, and why eligible patients are not referred. This is a retrospective single-center study of 417 consecutive patients admitted to CICU for >48 hours from March 30, 2016 to March 30, 2017. We excluded patients with in-hospital mortality or those discharged AMA, to hospice or transferred. Chart abstraction was used to determine CR indications based on known American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines. If CR was indicated, medical records through September 2017 were reviewed to determine both referral and participation rates. In the absence of a referral, medical records were reviewed for potential barriers. A total of 296 CICU survivors were identified upon discharge with 185 (63%) having guideline-directed indications for CR referral. The most common indications were heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF, 38%), cardiothoracic surgery (26%), and STEMI (23%). Upon discharge, only 30% of patients were referred to CR. The referral rate increased by 33% to 63% by 18 months postdischarge. CR referrals were most frequently placed following STEMI (91%), NSTEMI (80%), and postpercutaneous coronary intervention (80%). Only 35% of HFrEF discharges were referred to CR. Of patients not referred to CR, no explanation for a lack of referral was documented 87% of the time. In conclusion, nearly 2 of 3 patients discharged from the CICU had CR indications, most commonly HFrEF. CR referrals are frequently not placed and reason for nonreferral is rarely documented. CICU admission may provide a defined event to prompt referral.
Masters Program Flexible Endoscopy Pathway: Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrotomy (PEG)

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrotomy (PEG) tube placement is a durable, minimally invasive approach to obtaining enteral access. Primary indications include nutrition supplementation and gastric decompression in a variety of patient presentations. A number of contraindications exist, and practitioners should be aware of alternative approaches. Informed consent can be complex in PEG tube candidates, and a thorough discussion of risks, benefits, and expectations should be held. Preparation is essential to efficiency and avoiding complications. The “pull” method is the most common technique but variations exist. Early and late complications exist, and physicians should have knowledge of their workup and treatment. There are some unique patient populations that require a modified approach to evaluation and technique.
Does interprofessional interaction influence physical therapy students' attitudes toward chiropractic?

Background Interprofessional education (IPE) facilitates collaborative health practice, improving clinical outcomes. Objective Explore physical therapy (PT) students' observations about chiropractic, including attitudes amongst distinctive PT programs. Methods We administered a 74-item electronic survey, including 12 attitudinal items comprising the chiropractic attitude questionnaire (CAQ), to PT students at two universities. PT students at University 2 interacted with faculty members who were chiropractors, while PT students at University 1 did not interrelate with faculty members who were chiropractors. Results Mean CAQ score for University 1 was 35.92 (SD ± 5.62), while the mean CAQ score for University 2 was 40.67 (SD ± 5.34) indicating a significant mean difference of 4.75 (SE ± 0.89) points (P ≤ 0.001). Discussion Our results suggest that interprofessional interaction may improve attitudes amongst PT students. Conclusions PT students exposed to chiropractors via interprofessional interaction demonstrated a more positive attitude toward the chiropractic profession.
The effect of a strong density step on blocked stratified flow over topography

The dynamical connection between topographic control and wave excitation aloft is investigated theoretically and numerically in the idealized setting of two-dimensional stratified flow over an isolated ridge. We consider a constant far upstream inflow with uniform stratification except for a sharp density step located above the height of the ridge crest. Below this step, the stratification is sufficiently strong that the low level flow is blocked upstream and a hydraulically controlled flow spills over the crest. Above the density step, the flow supports upward radiating waves. In the inviscid limit, a bifurcating isopycnal separates the hydraulically controlled overflow from the wave field aloft. We show that, depending on the height of the density step, the sharp interface can either remain approximately flat, above the controlled downslope flow, or plunge in the lee of the obstacle as part of the controlled overflow itself. Whether the interface plunges or not is a direct consequence of hydraulic control at the crest. The flow above the crest responds to the top of the sharp density step as if it were a virtual topography. We find that a plunging interface can excite a wave field aloft that is approximately six times as energetic, with 15 % higher pressure drag, than that in a comparable flow in which the interface remains approximately flat.
Theoretical study of the Raman optical activity spectra of with M = Co, Rh

Vibrational Raman optical activity (ROA) spectra were calculated under off-resonance, near-resonance, and at-resonance conditions for [Co(en)3]3+ (A) and under off-resonance conditions for [Rh(en)3]3+ (B) using a new driver software for calculating the ROA intensities from complex (damped) time-dependent linear response Kohn-Sham theory. The off-resonance spectra of A and B show many similarities. At an incident laser wavelength of 532 nm, used in commercial ROA spectrometers, the spectrum of A is enhanced by near-resonance with the ligand-field transitions of the complex. The near-resonance spectrum exhibits many qualitative differences compared with the off-resonance case, but it remains bi-signate. Even under full resonance with the ligand-field electronic transitions, the ROA spectrum of A remains bi-signate when the electronic transitions are broadened such as to yield absorption line widths that are comparable with those in the experimental UV-vis absorption and electronic circular dichroism spectra.
Atrial Fibrillation and Epicardial Adipose Tissue

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality with projections that it will affect 8–12 million people in the United States by 2050. Obesity has been identified as an important independent risk factor for AF, with weight loss leading to decreased AF burden and improved arrhythmia free survival. The precise mechanisms by which obesity contributes to AF remain poorly understood. However, it has recently been speculated that epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) may be a key mediator between obesity and AF. EAT is a visceral fat depot with anatomic contiguity to the myocardium. Under physiological conditions, EAT plays an important protective role via mechanical, metabolic, and thermogenic functions. However, under pathophysiological conditions, it may contribute to development of AF through various mechanisms including fatty infiltration, fibrosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, atrial remodelling, and genetic factors. EAT has been shown in multiple studies to be a risk factor for development of AF and predictor of recurrence after catheter ablation. The mechanisms directly linking EAT to the pathogenesis of AF also are uncertain. Multiple pharmacologic options have been proposed to target EAT; however, the efficacy of targeted reduction in EAT requires further investigation.
The Dynamics of Human Exposure to Tropospheric Ozone

Abstract The ambient conditions conducive to ozone exposure are examined, and placed Into a context of the time and locations where people would be expected to be affected by high ozone. This Is done for both 1 h and 8 h averaging times. Exposures that occurred during a 1982 episode, and an associated health effects study are described in detail.
Heart bifascicular block: case report and literature review

Objective To strengthen the understanding to heart bifascicular block in surgery patients. Methods The clinical data of 41 patients with heart bifascicular block undertaken selective operation were analyzed and the literature about heart bifascicular block was reviewed. Results 40 patients experienced anesthesia and operation smoothly. Hypotension and bradycardia were responsive to medical drugs. Anesthesia was postponed in one case because of acute left bundle branch block (LBBB) and the patient failed to resuscitation. Conclusion Routine prophylactic installation of pacemaker is not necessary for patients suffering from asymptomatic chronic bifascicular block in perioperative period. Nevertheless, appropriate drugs and temporary pacemaker equipment should be easily available. Key words: heart bifascicular block; perioperative period; temporary pacemaker
Laboratory measurements of initial launch velocities of electrostatically lofted dust on airless planetary bodies

Abstract Electrostatic dust lofting may play an important role in surface evolution of airless bodies as indicated from a number of unexplained observations, including the lunar horizon glow and dust ponding on asteroids, for example. The initial launch velocity of a charged dust particle determines its range of motion, hence it is a critical quantity to assess the dynamics of electrostatic dust transport. Here we report on laboratory measurements of the launch velocity of electrostatically lofted dust and its relationship with the dust size. For irregularly-shaped dust, similar-sized particles show a large velocity dispersion, indicating a large variation in the inter-particle cohesive force. The maximum launch velocity is shown to decrease with the increase in the dust radius and it is on the order of ~0.7 m/s for 15 μm radius particles. Derived from the patched charge model ( Wang et al., 2016a . Geophys. Res. Lett. 43, 6103–6110), the theoretical expectation of an inverse velocity-size relationship of lofted dust is shown to be consistent with the maximum launch velocity measurements. The dust shape is found to have a significant effect on the lofting process, showing that irregularly-shaped particles are lofted with much larger velocities than spherical particles. The initial launch angle relative to the surface shows a broad distribution.
Creation of an Alt-Left Boogeyman: Information Circulation and the Emergence of ‘Antifa’

After 2016, how did antifa become known as one of the biggest threats in America? This chapter tracks data from social media and both mainstream and alternative narrative sources to begin charting the rise, circulation, and velocity of the legend of a thuggish antifa threat. Tracing the creation of the antifa narrative allows the authors to construct a picture revealing how these three particular kairotic moments were leveraged to turn protesters into violent actors threatening democracy, and how left-leaning ideas will always be subsumed or overwhelmed in current media models.
Conformational states dynamically populated by a kinase determine its function

Protein kinases intrinsically sample a number of conformational states with distinct catalytic and binding activities. We used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to describe in atomic-level detail how Abl kinase interconverts between an active and two discrete inactive structures. Extensive differences in key structural elements between the conformational states give rise to multiple intrinsic regulatory mechanisms. The findings explain how oncogenic mutants can counteract inhibitory mechanisms to constitutively activate the kinase. Energetic dissection revealed the contributions of the activation loop, the Asp-Phe-Gly (DFG) motif, the regulatory spine, and the gatekeeper residue to kinase regulation. Characterization of the transient conformation to which the drug imatinib binds enabled the elucidation of drug-resistance mechanisms. Structural insight into inactive states highlights how they can be leveraged for the design of selective inhibitors.
Promoting older adult fall prevention education and awareness in a community setting: A nurse-led intervention

Abstract Background and objectives Falls are costly and one of the most expensive medical conditions to treat. The implementation of fall prevention toolkits (FPTs), such as fall risk screenings and fall prevention education (FPE), have become progressively important in reducing fall incidences. Nurses have a greater role and responsibility to care for the aging population. The purpose of this project was to implement a FPT to adults age 65 and older that attended mobile IPE community clinics. Research design and methods This project used quantitative pretest-posttests and an open-ended participant feedback survey. The Missouri Alliance for Home Care 10-question survey and components of the CDC's Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries (STEADI) FPE were used to assess and educate participants on fall risks and fall prevention. An initial baseline fall assessment and fall education score was obtained at the mobile IPE clinics. Follow-up assessments occurred one month after the initial assessment and compared to the initial fall assessment and fall education scores with an additional open-ended participant survey. Results In both fall risk assessment tools, lower scores indicated a lower fall risk; both fall risk assessment tool mean scores decreased over the one-month period. Discussion and implications Future FPE implementation projects should consider providing needed resources the participants may need so there is no delay in increasing fall prevention and safety measures. The follow-up time period should also be increased to fortify FPE and keep participants engaged in fall prevention safety.
Transforming News: How Mediation Principles Can Depolarize Public Talk

News media interviews bring opposing voices into the public forum where, ideally, audience members can deliberate and reach democratic compromise. But in today’s politically polarized atmosphere, partisans increasingly accuse each other of being a threat to the country, and prospects for compromise have suffered. Journalists have been urged to take a more affirmative role, promoting problem-solving and opposing conflict. They have stopped short, citing professional norms that demand a stance of neutral detachment. This Article turns to the principles of transformative mediation. Like journalism, it is detached from any goal of settlement. It aims instead at increasing the capacity of participants to clarify their views and respond with generosity to the views of opponents. This is a goal that journalism can embrace and the public forum can use. This Article draws on empirical research and offers practical suggestions, using recent news interviews to illustrate both problems and potential directions.
Shemaroo’s Identity Crisis in the Indian Video Market

“Can you please help me understand how your streaming[1] app is different from the other streaming apps? For consumers like me, we simply see a platform with movie shows in it that we have to pay t...
The Regulatory Process for Imaging Agents and Devices

Abstract This chapter will provide an overview of the process to obtain regulatory approval for molecular imaging agents (probes) and devices for clinical research use. Regulatory approval involves both the university and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). There is an infrastructure in place to assure compliance with all rules and regulations. As has been shown in the various chapters in this book, molecular imaging techniques allow for identification of important molecular pathways and biologic processes in both healthy and disease states. Molecular imaging techniques are used to individualize and personalize treatments based on a “molecular phenotype” of the disease at the time of diagnosis and throughout the course of therapy. Being knowledgeable regarding regulatory requirements will assist in obtaining appropriate molecular imaging approvals and detail the required reporting for the studies.
State Taxation of Interstate Business and the Supreme Court, 1974 Term: Standard Pressed Steel and Colonial Pipeline

The history of this problem is spread over hundreds of volumes of our Reports. To attempt to harmonize all that has been said in the past would neither clarify what has gone before nor guide the future. Freeman v. Hewit, 329 U.S. 249, 252 (1946). 2 Addressing the constitutional inhibitions on the states' power to collect a use tax from an out-of-state vendor, the Court stated: Despite the increasing frequency with which the question arises, little constructive discussion can be found in responsible commentary as to the grounds on which to rest a state's power to reach extraterritorial transactions or nonresidents with tax liabilities. Our decisions are not always clear as to the grounds on which a tax is supported, especially where more than one exists; nor are all of our pronouncements . . . consistent or reconcilable. Miller Bros. v. Maryland, 347 U.S. 340, 344 (1954). See also Northwestern States Portland Cement Co. v. Minnesota, 358 U.S. 450, 458 (1959). The problem inspired one state court to wax classical:
Defining Equality: The Politics of Women, Land and Tradition in Kwazulu, South Africa

The challenge to fully realizing any set of rights – from constitutional to human rights – is how to reconcile seemingly contradictory rights. One of the more politicized contradictions in contemporary politics is the rights of women versus the rights of cultural groups. In this paper I explore the politics over women’s land access in the KwaZulu (Zululand) region of South Africa. This is an ideal issue from which to explore the tension between women’s rights and cultural rights because women’s land access is typically determined by cultural and patriarchal practices, which have typically restricted their access. However, their access has also been exacerbated, surprisingly, by recent national legislation that overlooks women’s concerns and extends traditional leaders (i.e. cultural leaders) power. I explore women’s land access in the context of wider communal politics and decipher what women’s equality means within this social reality. A social reality where the factors enhancing women’s equality – such as equal opportunity and pay, the public/private divide, and social benefits earmarked for single women or mothers – are not necessarily available. Ultimately, the politics over women, land, and tradition have exposed the difficulty of reconciling women’s rights and cultural rights. Rather than assume that the onus is on cultural groups to change their practices, I argue that there needs to be a more rigorous exploration of the politics of these communities and how their integration into the state is as much a source of women’s marginalization as the assumed misogynistic and paternal practices of cultural communities.
Effects of lidocaine on heart rate, blood pressure, and electrocorticogram in fetal sheep.

Abstract Effects of lidocaine on blood pressure, heart rate, electrocortical activity, pH, and blood gases were studied in chronically catheterized sheep fetuses in utero. Lidocaine infused at a constant rate of less than I mg. · min. −1 · Kg. −1 into a fetal femoral vein did not cause changes in fetal blood pressure, heart rate, pH, or blood gases. Infusion rates above 1 mg. · min. −1 · Kg. −1 caused sudden, phasic increases in blood pressure in the majority of the fetuses. The heart rate increased in association with each phasic increase in blood pressure. In some fetuses the heart rate decelerated after the initial acceleration. Fetal electrocortical recordings showed that each phasic change in blood pressure and heart rate was secondary to epileptiform activity. The concentration of lidocaine in fetal arterial blood was 11.6 ± 3.8 μg per milliliter when the first phasic increase in blood pressure occurred. Tracheal pressure recordings showed deep fetal breathing movements with each epileptiform activity. It is concluded that lidocaine causes convulsions in the fetal sheep and that the cardiovascular changes are due to central stimulation during these convulsions. In newborn lambs lidocaine produced similar epileptiform activity associated with tonic-clonic convulsions and cardiovascular changes. Fetal arterial pH was not affected until the phasic changes occurred, after which the pH fell rapidly in the majority of the fetuses. In three paralyzed fetuses the pH also decreased at the onset of phasic increases in blood pressure. This indicated that muscular activtiy was not the main cause of the acidemia during fetal epileptiform activity. Bolus injections of lidocaine in doses of 3.0 to 22.2 mg. per kilogram of fetal weight caused an immediate decrease in blood pressure and heart rate. These changes were related to the dose of lidocaine. The convulsive dose of lidocaine as a bolus injection ranged from 8.0 to 22.2 mg. per kilogram.
Avoidable algebraic subsets of Euclidean space

Fix an integer n > 1 and consider real n-dimensional R . A partition of Rn avoids the polynomial p(xo,xl, ...,xk1) E R[xo,xi,. ,xk-1], where each xi is an n-tuple of variables, if there is no set of the partition which contains distinct ao,al, . .., ak._1 such that p(ao, al,. .., ak-1) = 0. The polynomial is avoidable if some countable partition avoids it. The avoidable polynomials are studied here. The polynomial IIX y112 IIy z112 is an especially interesting example of an avoidable one. We find (1) a counltable partition which avoids every avoidable polynomial over Q, and (2) a characterization of the avoidable polynomials. An important feature is that both the "master" partition in (1) and the characterization in (2) depend on the cardinality of R.
Fine-needle-aspiration cytology of a proximal type epithelioid sarcoma: A case report.

Epithelioid sarcoma is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm, with an as yet unidentified cell of origin. Two subtypes of epithelioid sarcoma, distal/classic and proximal/large cell type, are recognized in the literature; with the proximal-type having a lower incidence amongst the two. Here, we present a case of proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma in a previously healthy young man. Fine-needle-aspiration of a large axillary mass was performed for diagnosis. The cytologic findings included a dispersed population of large epithelioid to polyhedral cells with abundant cytoplasm. Immunohistochemical staining showed coexpression of keratin and vimentin, as well as loss of INI1 staining, consistent with an epithelioid sarcoma, proximal subtype. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2015;43:859–862. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Real Exchange Rate Dynamics in a Developing Country

Though the nominal exchange rate is typically a policy instrument in developing countries, the real exchange rate is an endogenous variable that responds to both exogenous and policy-induced shocks. This paper examines the dynamic effects on the real exchange rate of a variety of shocks, such as devaluation, changes in the terms of trade, fiscal policies, trade policies, and changes in foreign real interest rates. Since the path of the real exchange rate differs for different types of shocks, nominal exchange rate policies designed to achieve a target real exchange rate must take these differences into account.
Impact of heat and mass dispersion and thermal effects on the scale-up of monolith reactors

Abstract Monolith reactors used in catalytic after-treatment systems (e.g. TWC, DOC, LNT and SCR) are often studied in laboratory experiments using monolith samples of the same cell density, washcoat thickness, and catalyst loading but with a smaller length compared to the full-scale reactor. The flow rate in the laboratory scale operation is selected so that the same space velocity is maintained as in the full-scale system. However, matching space velocity between the laboratory-scale and full-scale reactor leads to similar performance only under ideal conditions such as isothermal or adiabatic operation with negligible heat and mass dispersion (i.e. plug flow conditions) and small adiabatic temperature rise. In this work, it is shown that when thermal effects are significant (or adiabatic temperature rise is large) and heat and mass transfer and dispersion effects are not negligible, similarity may not exist and the ignition/extinction behavior of the two systems can be qualitatively different. Further, when laboratory-scale data is used for kinetic parameter estimation, failure to consider these effects in the reactor model can lead to false kinetic parameters and inaccurate prediction of reactor performances. Another major reason for possible discrepancy between laboratory-scale and full-scale reactors, external heat exchange with furnace (surroundings), is also investigated. We present analysis, simulations, and analytical results quantifying the impact of these effects on the scale-up of monolith reactors.
A Symmetry Characterization of Conditionally Independent Increment Martingales

We show that a cadlag, local martingale has conditionally independent increments and symmetric jumps if and only if its law is invariant under integral transformations which preserve quadratic variation.
Blowup Points and Baby Mandelbrot Sets for a Family of Singularly Perturbed Rational Maps

We study the dynamics of the family of rational maps of the form $$\begin{aligned} f_{d,{\uplambda }}(z)={\uplambda }\left( z+\frac{1}{z^{d-1}}\right) , \quad d \ge 3, \quad {\uplambda }\in \mathbb C{\setminus } \{0\}. \end{aligned}$$ Among other things, we show that the parameter planes for these maps contain infinitely many copies of the Mandelbrot set as well as infinitely many “blowup points”, i.e., parameters for which the critical orbits map to $$\infty $$ , so the Julia set is the entire sphere. Our efforts are aided by the useful observation that for fixed $$d \ge 3$$ , this family is conformally conjugate on the entire Riemann sphere to the family of relaxed Newton maps for $$p_d(z) = z^d-1$$ . The conjugacy allows us to move from one family to the other in order to find simpler proofs of our results, as well as establishing a dictionary of results from one family to the other.
A high force low area MEMS thermal actuator

This paper presents a new type of MEMS (micro-electromechanical systems) actuator consisting of an array of in-plane micro-fabricated thermal buckle-beam actuators. The technology used in MEMS actuators is typically magnetic, electrostatic or thermal. Magnetic actuators may require special materials in the fabrication process while electrostatic actuators typically require high voltages, large chip areas and produce very low forces. Thermal actuators have seen some use in MEMS applications, the most popular being the pseudo-bimorph that relies on differential expansion of a cold and hot arm to cause it to bend in-plane (parallel to the substrate). These thermal actuators typically generate on the order of a few micro-Newtons each but can be combined for larger forces by linking with small tendons. A disadvantage of this type of actuator is that it moves in an are where most desired movements are linear. Also, when combined in an array, the linking tendons consume much of the energy in bending them. Also, arrays of these can still occupy a fairly large chip area. The electro-thermal actuator described here resembles a chevron where an array of buckle-beams are packed close together and link two common anchored arms with a movable third arm. Arrays can be made within a single released micromachined layer and generate many mN of force. Additional actuators can be arrayed with no coupling penalty and occupy much less area that an equivalent pseudo-bimorph actuator. Preliminary tests indicate that a 450/spl times/120 /spl mu/m array consumes 240 mW of power, deflection up to 14 /spl mu/m and can produce many milli-Newtons. A chip of actuator geometry variations and different applications has been fabricated and tested.
Street Harassment: Current and Promising Avenues for Researchers and Activists

Research about street harassment indicates that the problem is far reaching in its effects and that most women and girls experience sexual harassment from men they do not know in public spaces. In recent years, an increasing number of activists, bloggers, and online media outlets have published pieces about street harassment, reflecting a growing and international anti-street harassment social movement. In this article, I discuss what scholars and activists tell us about street harassment, including prevalence, victims, harassers, responses and consequences, and theoretical explanations. I conclude with suggestions for further research, a call for more attention to the influence of overlapping inequalities, and an appeal to researchers to further explore this serious social problem.
Deadlock detection in a multidatabase

Previous results [ACM87] show that the timeout strategy of deadlock detection performs poorly in a single site database. But because of the restrictions imposed on heterogeneous multidatabases, the traditional alternatives are not possible. This paper proposes a new deadlock detection strategy within the restrictions of heterogeneous multidatabases, one that we show performs better than simple timeouts. It is proven that in at least one sense, this algorithm is optimal.
Fusion and Peripheral reactions of C-12+ N-14 at energies up to 13 MeV/A

Angular and energy distributions have been measured for reaction products of the $^{14}\mathrm{N}$ + $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ system at nine bombarding energies in the energy range ${E}_{^{14}\mathrm{N}}=34.1 \mathrm{to} 178.1$ MeV. The fusion and direct reaction components for products from Li to Al have been determined. The experimental fusion cross sections and deduced critical angular momenta are discussed in terms of entrance channel models for compound nucleus formation and the rotating liquid drop model. Hauser-Feshbach calculations of the $Z$ distributions, energies, and angular distributions of evaporation residues are presented and compared to the data. The direct reaction yield has been analyzed with a diffraction model and is also compared with time-dependent Hartree-Fock calculations. The experimental total reaction cross section is in good agreement with optical model calculations.NUCLEAR REACTIONS $^{14}\mathrm{N}$ + $^{12}\mathrm{C}$, ${E}_{^{14}\mathrm{N}}=34.1 \mathrm{to} 178.1$ MeV, measured $\frac{{d}^{2}\ensuremath{\sigma}}{d\ensuremath{\Omega}\mathrm{dE}}$ for reaction products from $Z=3 \mathrm{to} 13$. Extracted ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{fusion}}$, ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{direct}}$, and ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{total}}$.
The synthesis of Ag-doped mesoporous TiO2

Abstract Ag-doped mesoporous titanium oxide was prepared using non-ionic surfactants and easily handled titanium precursors, under mild reaction conditions. The structure of these materials was determined as a function of the concentration of the Ag dopant and calcination temperature. In contrast to the stabilizing effect of Cd-doping on mesoporous TiO2, Ag doping was found to significantly destabilize the mesoporous structure.
Cerebral autoregulation and anesthesia.

Purpose of reviewThis review will examine the recent literature on anesthesia and monitoring techniques in relation to cerebral autoregulation. We will discuss the effect of physiologic and pharmacological factors on cerebral autoregulation alongside its clinical relevance with the help of new evide
The impact of psychiatric diagnosis on length of stay in a university medical center in the managed care era

Inpatient use data were examined for fiscal years 1999-2001. Patients with and without psychiatric diagnoses were compared for length of hospital stay and complexity of illness. Patients with psychiatric disorders represented 33%-35% of total cases. Substance use (9,824 cases), mood disorders (2,524 cases), and cognitive disorders (2,362 cases) were the most common psychiatric illnesses. Patients with substance use disorders or no psychiatric diagnosis had the shortest adjusted length of stay, whereas the small number with adjustment disorders (N=147) had the longest. Other psychiatric patients had lengths of stay between these extremes. Excepting substance use disorders, increased lengths of stay with psychiatric comorbidity have persisted into the managed care era.
Virus concentration from sewage

Abstract Optimal conditions for concentrating poliovirus from large volumes of raw sewage were established. Solids 1 μm or larger, present in the raw sewage, were removed by textile clarifying filters without significant retention of virus. By acidification of the clarified sewage and addition of salts to enhance virus attachment to the adsorbent, virus in the sewage was concentrated on a fibre glass depth filter, with subsequent elution of virus into small volumes suitable for assay. An 80–95 per cent efficiency of virus concentration was effected.
Resolution enhanced homonuclear carbon decoupled triple resonance experiments for unambiguous RNA structural characterization.

Large RNAs (>30 nucleotides) suffer from extensive resonance overlap that can seriously hamper unambiguous structural characterization. Here we present a set of 3D multinuclear NMR experiments with improved and optimized resolution and sensitivity for aiding with the assignment of RNA molecules. In all these experiments strong base and ribose carbon–carbon couplings are eliminated by homonuclear band-selective decoupling, leading to improved signal to noise and resolution of the C5, C6, and C1′ carbon resonances. This decoupling scheme is applied to base-type selective 13C-edited NOESY, 13C-edited TOCSY (HCCH, CCH), HCCNH, and ribose H1C1C2 experiments. The 3D implementation of the HCCNH experiment with both carbon and nitrogen evolution enables direct correlation of 13C and 15N resonances at different proton resonant frequencies. The advantages of the new experiments are demonstrated on a 36 nucleotides hairpin RNA from domain 5 (D5) of the group II intron Pylaiella littoralis using an abbreviated assignment strategy. These four experiments provided additional separation for regions of the RNA that have overlapped chemical shift resonances, and enabled the assignment of critical D5 bulge nucleotides that could not be assigned using current experimental schemes.
Positive college attitudes among minority and low-income students as an indicator of academic success

Positive student attitudes among minority and low SES students toward the effectiveness of their college may be seen as a function of college success. These data suggest that students with positive...
Regulated nucleocytoplasmic transport of protein kinase D in response to G protein-coupled receptor activation.

Protein kinase D (PKD)/protein kinase Cμ is a serine/threonine protein kinase activated by growth factors, antigen-receptor engagement, and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists via a phosphorylation-dependent mechanism that requires protein kinase C (PKC) activity. In order to investigate the dynamic mechanisms associated with GPCR signaling, the intracellular distribution of PKD was analyzed in live cells by imaging fluorescent protein-tagged PKD and in fixed cells by immunocytochemistry. We found that PKD shuttled between the cytoplasm and the nucleus in both fibroblasts and epithelial cells. Cell stimulation with mitogenic GPCR agonists that activate PKD induced a transient nuclear accumulation of PKD that was prevented by inhibiting PKC activity. The nuclear import of PKD requires its cys2 domain in conjunction with a nuclear import receptor, while its nuclear export requires its pleckstrin homology domain and a competent Crm1-dependent nuclear export pathway. This study thus characterizes the regulated nuclear transport of a signaling molecule in response to mitogenic GPCR agonists and positions PKD as a serine kinase whose kinase activity and intracellular localization is coordinated by PKC.
Attentional Rubbernecking: Cognitive Control and Personality in Emotion-Induced Blindness

Emotional stimuli often attract attention, but at what cost to the processing of other stimuli? Given the potential costs, to what degree can people override emotion-based attentional biases? In Experiment 1, participants searched for a single target within a rapid serial visual presentation of pictures; an irrelevant, emotionally negative or neutral picture preceded the target by either two or eight items. At the shorter lag, negative pictures spontaneously induced greater deficits in target processing than neutral pictures did. Thus, attentional biases to emotional information induced a temporary inability to process stimuli that people actively sought. Experiment 2 revealed that participants could reduce this effect through attentional strategy, but that the extent of this reduction was related to their level of the personality trait harm avoidance. Participants lower in harm avoidance were able to reduce emotion-induced blindness under conditions designed to facilitate the ignoring of the emotional stimuli. Those higher in harm avoidance were unable to do so.
The interaction between sensory and tonic factors in the perception of the vertical in pigeons: II. A replication via an alternative procedure

Ten pigeons were given VI training to peck a key illuminated by a white vertical line in an otherwise dark Skinner box. For 5 Ss the floor was tilted 24° to the left; for 5 Ss it was tilted 24° to the right. Generalization testing in extinction to other visual angles with the floor horizontal revealed a displacement of the mode of responding in the direction opposite that to which the floor was tilted in training. The results indicate that apparent vertical is displaced in the same direction and approximately to the same degree as the the floor is tilted. They are thus in complete agreement with other studies in which Ss were trained with the floor flat and tested under various floor tilt conditions.
Verification Decoding of High-Rate LDPC Codes With Applications in Compressed Sensing

This paper considers the performance of (j, k)-regular low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes with message-passing (MP) decoding algorithms in the high-rate regime. In particular, we derive the high-rate scaling law for MP decoding of LDPC codes on the binary erasure channel (BEC) and the q-ary symmetric channel (q-SC). For the BEC and a fixed j, the density evolution (DE) threshold of iterative decoding scales like Θ(k-1) and the critical stopping ratio scales like Θ(k-j/(j-2)). For the q-SC and a fixed j, the DE threshold of verification decoding depends on the details of the decoder and scales like Θ(k-1) for one decoder. Using the fact that coding over large finite alphabets is very similar to coding over the real numbers, the analysis of verification decoding is also extended to the compressed sensing (CS) of strictly sparse signals. A DE-based approach is used to analyze the CS systems with randomized-reconstruction guarantees. This leads to the result that strictly sparse signals can be reconstructed efficiently with high probability using a constant oversampling ratio (i.e., when the number of measurements scales linearly with the sparsity of the signal). A stopping-set-based approach is also used to get stronger (e.g., uniform-in-probability) reconstruction guarantees.
Evidence for limited species diversity of bacteriochlorophyll b-containing purple nonsulfur anoxygenic phototrophs in freshwater habitats.

Thirteen new isolates of bacteriochlorophyll b-containing purple nonsulfur bacteria were isolated from four freshwater habitats using specific enrichment methods including the use of long wavelength filters and extincting dilution of the inoculum. The new isolates were compared with the type strain of Blastochloris viridis, strain DSM 133T, as regards pigments, morphology, carbon nutrition, and phylogeny. All new isolates were budding bacteria, and phototrophic mass cultures were green, brown, or brown–green in color. The pattern of carbon sources photocatabolized were similar in all strains; however, sugars, both mono- and disaccharides, were widely used by the new isolates while they did not support growth of strain DSM 133T. Phylogenetic analysis showed all new strains to cluster tightly with the type strain with the exception of one brown-colored strain and a mildly thermophilic strain. The results suggest that in contrast to purple nonsulfur bacteria containing bacteriochlorophyll a, those containing bacteriochlorophyll b may not be morphologically or phylogenetically diverse, and group into a tight phylogenetic clade distinct from all other anoxygenic phototrophs.
Reason’s Other in quotation marks Nietzsche on tragedy and doubling

This article explores the ways in which Nietzsche’s conception of subjectivity, as rehearsed in The Birth of Tragedy, draws close to other modern models of split subjectivity as described by Hegel, Freud, or Althusser. Although the subjectivity depicted by Nietzsche is constituted in the tension between reaffirming and dissolving its boundaries, and this tension may seem to put the possibility of identity at risk, in effect individuation and dissolution function as symmetrical contraries. Rather than disrupting the boundaries of reason, the Dionysian contributes to Apollonian equilibrium by temporarily destroying Apollonian rigidity, so that the polis can periodically overcome limitations, assimilate its others and gather new strength. Identity is thus seemingly reinforced through the controlled illusion of its shattering: it is protected from the irruption of real otherness. Unlike Nietzsche’s dialectical dramaturgy, Greek tragedy depicts an incipient rationality wounded by contradictions, institutionali...