cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A (Creative) Portrait of the Uncertain Individual Self-Uncertainty and Individualism Enhance Creative Generation

Building on findings that self-uncertainty motivates attempts to restore certainty about the self, particularly in ways that highlight one's distinctiveness from others, we show that self-uncertainty, relative to uncertainty in general, increases creative generation among individualists. In Studies 1 to 3, high (but not low) individualists performed better on a creative generation task after being primed with self-uncertainty as opposed to general uncertainty. In Study 4, this effect emerged only among those who were told that the task measured creative as opposed to analytical thinking, suggesting that the positive effects of self-uncertainty on performance are specific to tasks that bolster perceptions of uniqueness. In Study 5, self-uncertain individualists experienced a restoration of self-clarity after being induced to think about themselves as more (vs. less) creative. Implications for compensatory responses to self-uncertainty and factors that influence creativity are discussed.
Influence of ultraviolet-B radiation on growth, prevalence of deformities, and susceptibility to predation in Cascades frog (Rana cascadae) larvae

Ambient levels of ultraviolet-B radiation (UVB) have a variety of detrimental effects on aquatic organisms. These include death and effects on growth, development, physiology, and behavior. Amphibians show all of these effects. However, the effects vary with species, life history stage, and ecological context. Little is known about the implications of the detrimental effects of UVB on ecological dynamics. Our study was designed to test how UVB may affect predator–prey interactions, an important ecological dynamic. Specifically, we tested the effect of UVB on the susceptibility of Cascades frog (Rana cascadae) larvae to predation by rough-skinned newts (Taricha granulosa). We also further examined the sublethal effects of UVB on growth and development in Cascades frog larvae. We found no direct effect of UVB exposure on survival. However, UVB-exposed frog larvae displayed decreased growth and increased prevalence of deformities. UVB also caused increased susceptibility to predation, but there was a significant treatment–block interaction. UVB increased susceptibility to predation in two out of five blocks of Cascades frogs. The other three blocks did not show an effect of UVB on susceptibility to predation. Our study suggests that UVB can alter susceptibility to predation in at least one amphibian species. UVB-induced alteration of predator–prey interactions could potentially lead to changes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels.
Information Technology Effects on Firm Performance as Measured by Tobin's q

Despite increasing anecdotal evidence that information technology (IT) assets contribute to firm performance and future growth potential of firms, the empirical results relating IT investments to firm performance measures have been equivocal. However, the bulk of the studies have relied exclusively on accounting-based measures of firm performance, which largely tend to ignore IT's contribution to performance dimensions such as strategic flexibility and intangible value. In this paper, we use Tobin's q, a financial market-based measure of firm performance and examine the association between IT investments and firm q values, after controlling for a variety of industry factors and firm-specific variables. The results based on data from 1988-1993 indicate that, in all of the five years, the inclusion of the IT expenditure variable in the model increased the variance explained in q significantly. The results also showed that, for all five years, IT investments had a significantly positive association with Tobin's q value. Our results are consistent with the notion that IT contributes to a firm's future performance potential, which a forward-looking measure such as the q is better able to capture.
Work motivation and journalists in Taiwan and the US: an integration of theory and culture

This study applies work motivation theories from the organizational sciences and a cultural variable to a comparative analysis of daily newspaper journalists in Taiwan and the US. The journalists were compared on measures of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intentions. ‘Culture’ was measured by a collectivism tendency index. Regression analyses revealed the sharpest cultural differences for job satisfaction and theoretic predictors of it. Similarities between the journalists were found for commitment and intentions of quitting (turnover). This study's findings add to and advance research of journalists' work motivation. Its unique methodological approach serves as a guide to future research of the subject.
American Federalism on the Horizon

The American federal system took some unpredictable twists and turns during the twentieth century. As a new century—indeed, a new millennium—begins, which trends are likely to continue, which are likely to dissipate? What issues pose the greatest challenges for the intergovernmental system? This article plots several possible paths along which the federal system could travel over the next decade. The fundamental issue in American federalism is a perennial one: How will the balance of power between the federal government and the states change? Other key issues facing American federalism are identified and their likely impacts examined. The article concludes with an assessment that the next decade in American federalism may be surprisingly robust. The article contains a discussion concerning the path to the .08 blood-alcohol content state laws becomming a national standard.
A Coal Miner's Life during the Late Ottoman Empire

This is a translation of a truly extraordinary and rare historical document—a transcribed narrative of a coal miner who began to work in the coal fields of the Anatolian Black Sea coast during the late 19th century. To date, no comparable tale of an Ottoman worker's life has come to light. This annotated document offers a rich and vivid look into the life of underground miners of the late Ottoman Empire. It vibrantly illustrates the connections between village and mine, the power of village headmen, and the nature of labor recruitment. And, it details work inside the mines. The account should be of considerable value to labor historians in every field not only for its descriptions but for the comparative perspective which it facilitates.
KV1.3: a new therapeutic target to control vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation

Cellular proliferation requires an increase in expression and function of K+ channels.1–3 Blockade of K+ channels inhibits proliferation of many cell types,1,3 including vascular smooth muscle cells.2,4–7 Previous studies have shown growth factor-induced upregulation of KCa3.1 (sK4, IK1, locus KCNN4 ) in cultured smooth muscle cells; selective inhibition of these channels reduces smooth muscle cell proliferation.2,6,7 Importantly, KCa3.1 blockers also attenuate restenosis after balloon injury in rat7 and pig8 models, and they limit atherogenesis in a mouse model of this disease.9 However, KCa3.1 does not appear to be the only K+ channel that can function in this role. In human uterine artery smooth muscle cells, KV3.4 (locus: KCNC4 ) appears to function similarly, as its expression is upregulated during proliferation, and selective blockade of these voltage-gated K+ channels inhibits proliferation.4 New research by the same group presented in this issue of Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology further extends these findings to show that in both proliferating, cultured mouse smooth muscle cells and balloon-injured mouse arteries, expression of KV1.3 (locus: KCNE3 ) is upregulated …
An Empirical Analysis of Lead-Lag Relationship among Various Financial Markets

The efficient-market hypothesis (EMH) asserts that financial markets are "informationally efficient", i.e. all relevant information will be fully and immediately reflected in a security's market price. Other researchers however, have disputed the efficient-market hypothesis both empirically and theoretically. In this paper, we contribute to the discussions of market efficiency by empirically testing the lead-lag relationship among various financial markets. If markets are efficient in processing information, we expect to see a simultaneous movement of various security markets and vice versa. We focus on the index level of three major security markets: the stock market, the derivative market and the fixed income market and conduct two different analyses. First, using daily data, we investigate the general lead-lag relationship of various security markets; second, after introducing an exogenous information shock (FED announcement) to the system, we examine the responses of various security markets. Our overall findings suggest that all three major financial markets (equity, fixed income and derivative) are closely correlated with each other. However, we do see some level of lead-lag relationships among our variables and thus provide certain evidences against the efficient market hypothesis. Our results will offer insights towards a better understanding about how quickly different security markets process and reflect information thus benefit investors who wish to profit from the arbitrage opportunities.
Reducing energy consumption of parallel sparse matrix applications through integrated link/CPU voltage scaling

Reducing power consumption is quickly becoming a first-class optimization metric for many high-performance parallel computing platforms. One of the techniques employed by many prior proposals along this direction is voltage scaling and past research used it on different components such as networks, CPUs, and memories. In contrast to most of the existent efforts on voltage scaling that target a single component (CPU, network or memory components), this paper proposes and experimentally evaluates a voltage/frequency scaling algorithm that considers CPU and communication links in a mesh network at the same time. More specifically, it scales voltages/frequencies of CPUs in the nodes and the communication links among them in a coordinated fashion (instead of one after another) such that energy savings are maximized without impacting execution time. Our experiments with several tree-based sparse matrix computations reveal that the proposed integrated voltage scaling approach is very effective in practice and brings 13% and 17% energy savings over the pure CPU and pure communication link voltage scaling schemes, respectively. The results also show that our savings are consistent with the different network sizes and different sets of voltage/frequency levels.
The Online University Classroom: One Perspective for Effective Student Engagement and Teaching in an Online Environment.

Universities struggle with alternate means of instructional delivery to meet the demands of distant student needs, the competition for enrollments, and restraints from limited physical building space. For many, fully online programs of study using internet-based instruction commonly named online instruction have become viable solutions. There has been significant growth in the number of on-line degree programs since many students want to take courses that will positively impact their future careers but not hinder family and work responsibilities. Shifting from a traditional program of study to an online format is not without challenges. There are three primary areas of focus when considering an online design format for course delivery: course design, instructor role, and student role. This paper will provide one instructor’s perspective of how to improve student engagement and interaction in master’s level Educational Leadership courses over a threeyear span utilizing available data from the university Student Perception of Teacher (SPOT) assessment available.
Strain-activated structural anisotropy in BaFe 2 As 2

High-resolution single crystal neutron diffraction measurements are presented probing the magnetostructural response to uniaxial pressure in the iron pnictide parent system ${\mathrm{BaFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}$. Scattering data reveal a strain-activated, anisotropic broadening of nuclear Bragg reflections, which increase upon cooling below the resolvable onset of global orthorhombicity. This anisotropy in lattice coherence continues to build until a lower temperature scale---the first-order onset of antiferromagnetism---is reached. Our data suggest that antiferromagnetism and strong magnetoelastic coupling drive the strain-activated lattice response in this material and that the development of anisotropic lattice correlation lengths under strain is a possible origin for the high temperature transport anisotropy in this compound.
Rousseau: The Religion of Self-Love

Rousseau was very much like Hobbes in that his philosophy is largely a reflection of his personality, perhaps in his case even more strongly a remaking of man in his image. But Rousseau’s writings on philosophical anthropology and political theory are much more than an elaboration of and justification or compensation for his own idiosyncrasies. They are also a revaluation and interpretation of the experience of the need for salvation, and Rousseau’s civil religion is merely one aspect of a complex proposed interpretation of salvation.
The KASH protein Kms2 coordinates mitotic remodeling of the spindle pole body.

ABSTRACT Defects in the biogenesis of the spindle pole body (SPB), the yeast centrosome equivalent, can lead to monopolar spindles and mitotic catastrophe. The KASH domain protein Kms2 and the SUN domain protein Sad1 colocalize within the nuclear envelope at the site of SPB attachment during interphase and at the spindle poles during mitosis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe . We show that Kms2 interacts with the essential SPB components Cut12 and Pcp1 and the Polo kinase Plo1. Depletion of Kms2 delays mitotic entry and leads to defects in the insertion of the SPB into the nuclear envelope, disrupting stable bipolar spindle formation. These effects are mediated in part by a delay in the recruitment of Plo1 to the SPB at mitotic entry. Plo1 activity supports mitotic SPB remodeling by driving a burst of incorporation of Cut12 and Pcp1. Thus, a fission yeast SUN–KASH complex plays an important role in supporting the remodeling of the SPB at mitotic entry.
Circuit Transmission and Interference of Activation Waves in Passive Iron Wire.

The pure commercial soft iron wire known as Armco,∗ when rendered passive in nitric acid of 70-80 v. %† transmits activity in the usual manner whenever the wire is activated locally by any means, such as scraping with glass or touching with zinc. The resulting activity in such strong acid is temporary, each area of the wire becoming active in its turn as the state of activity spreads, and then reverting to the passive state. Both the transmission and the repassivation are electrochemical processes; any area on becoming active forms the anode of a local electric couple, the adjoining passive area forming the cathode; the latter is then automatically activated through the destruction of the passivating surface film by electrochemical reduction; and by repetition of this process the state of activity spreads rapidly over the whole wire. The reversal or repassivation is a result of the reformation of the surface film by oxidation of the exposed metal; in strong acid (above 60 v.%) the reaction of the metal wi...
A Hybrid Signal Processing Approach to Sensor Data Analysis

This paper presents a hybrid signal processing approach combining the wavelet transform and spectral analysis. A new approach to selecting a mother wavelet for decomposition of vibration signals was demonstrated. Subsequently, the bestsuited decomposition scale was selected based on the energy content of the wavelet coefficients. Subsequently, the envelope spectrum of the wavelet coefficients at the best-suited decomposition scale was used to identify the defect and its location. Experimental analysis of signals from a defect-seeded bearing has shown that the developed approach is more efficient than the conventional spectral analysis techniques.© 2003 ASME
“I Couldn’t Have Learned This Any Other Way”: Learning to Teach Literacy across Concurrent Practicum Experiences

ABSTRACTThe authors, a team of literacy teacher educators who are focused on extending our own understandings of preservice teacher (PST) learning, conducted a cross-case analysis of how PSTs learned to teach literacy in three concurrent practicum experiences. We draw on Grossman’s framework of representations, decompositions, and approximations to describe and interpret what PSTs learned. Through a focus on one student, Deanna, the authors illustrate three findings: PSTs came to value the variety of forms of students’ literacies that reflected their ages, language backgrounds, and cultures/identities; they came to understand that relationships are essential to teaching and learning, and building relationships requires “putting myself out there” as well as “getting to know you”; and coming to know about students’ literacies in contexts in which students can talk, read, make images, and write from life allowed PSTs to coconstruct a curriculum that followed the students’ leads. The concurrence of practicum ...
Student perceptions of high school theatre programs: An investigation of social issues and call for replication

ABSTRACTThis study investigates students’ perceptions of high school theatre programs. Students indicated whether they believed theatre productions could influence audience members’ perspectives and opinions and, through an open-ended qualitative questionnaire, shared their views on whether their school should specifically address (or avoid addressing) myriad social issues. The study analyzes demographic and other factors that appear to have influenced participants’ responses. Additionally, this study serves as a template for replication studies, which are seriously lacking in the education field (and theatre education in particular), and calls for similar studies to seek the views of students in diverse communities throughout the country.
2 CLINICAL BREASTFEEDING: THE EDUCATIONAL NEEDS OF HOUSESTAFF.

Introduction Breastfeeding provides significant health benefits for babies and mothers. Nevertheless, only 14% of babies in the United States are exclusively breastfed for 6 months, significantly less than the Healthy People 2010 goal of 50%. Prior studies have demonstrated that physicians can have a positive impact on breastfeeding initiation but that they lack necessary knowledge and skills. This deficiency may result from inadequate physician training. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of house officer training to improve breastfeeding knowledge and skills. Methods We developed a 3-hour breastfeeding curriculum for pediatrics, family practice, and ob/gyn residents in our teaching hospital in San Francisco. The tutorial covers the benefits of breastfeeding and includes instruction on position and latch and case studies for resident teaching conferences. We surveyed residents9 breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes prior to implementation of the curriculum and will perform a post-curriculum survey to assess its impact. Results To date, 34 pediatrics residents have completed pretest surveys. Of surveyed residents, 85% stated that they feel well informed about breastfeeding and that they feel comfortable counseling women about the benefits of breastfeeding. However, many respondents did not feel confident providing direct breastfeeding support; only 41% feel comfortable assessing a latch and only 34% in providing hands-on breastfeeding assistance. Most residents (91%) stated that they would like to spend more time learning about breastfeeding, indicating a preference for a median of 6.5 hours of breastfeeding training during residency. Teaching by a lactation consultant was the preferred method for learning breastfeeding for 80% of residents; other frequently selected teaching formats included talks during morning and noon conferences and case-based learning. Conclusion Our survey documents specific areas in which house officers need improved teaching to foster better breastfeeding compliance in our hospital. Comparison of pre- and post-curriculum survey results will evaluate the efficacy of curricular change in improving house officer comfort with and knowledge of breastfeeding.
Service Quality Evaluation Method Based on Customers' Linguistic Assessment Information

An evaluation method for service quality based on customers' linguistic assessment information was proposed to solve the problem of service quality evaluation for multiple service programs or projects of the same type.Firstly,customers' linguistic assessment information of service programs was obtained by questionnaires and transformed into trapezoidal fuzzy numbers.Then,the average weight of each index,the average perceived performance of service programs with regard to each index and the average service expectation of all the customers for each index were calculated.Furthermore,the service quality evaluation value of each program was calculated by using fuzzy weighted averaging operators,and the similar degree between the service quality evaluation value and the trapezoidal fuzzy number corresponding to each linguistic term was calculated whereby the service quality level for each service program can be determined.For programs at the same level of service quality,their advantages and disadvantages were compared by calculating non-fuzzy values.Finally,a numerical example was given to illustrate the validity and practicality of the proposed method.
Research and Application of Intelligent Automatic Verification Line of Single-Phase Smart Meter

In light of the provincial measurement center construction regulations defined by State Grid Corporation of China,this paper analyzes the domestic situation and characteristics of automatic verification line,with a view to improving the automation and intelligence level of measurement equipments.The flexible strategy is employed to explore the practical application of the automatic verification line multiplex,raising the equipment intelligent level.
The Spatial Location of Banking Facilities in Central Business Districts of Nine Major Cities of the United States

This paper reports part of a comprehensive study conducted in 1979 which analyzed the spatial location of selected retail establishments in the central business districts (CBD) of nine major cities of the United States in 1880 and 1976. The objective of the analysis here is to determine whether the location of banking institutions and trends in their locational shifts could be identified by means of quadrant systems developed by borrowing from the Rule of Uniformity urban model.
Femtosecond Optical Spectroscopies of Solvated Polyatomic Molecules

A multimode Brownian oscillator model is developed for third order nonlinear optical spectroscopies in condensed phases, taking into account molecular dynamics of coherent nuclear motions of the absorber and the dephasing and reorganization processes of solvent molecules. Calculations of femtosecond photon echo are discussed.
A Streamlined Photometric Stereo Framework for Cultural Heritage

In this paper, we propose a streamlined framework of robust 3D acquisition for cultural heritage using both photometric stereo and photogrammetric information. An uncalibrated photometric stereo setup is augmented by a synchronized secondary witness camera co-located with a point light source. By recovering the witness camera’s position for each exposure with photogrammetry techniques, we estimate the precise 3D location of the light source relative to the photometric stereo camera. We have shown a significant improvement in both light source position estimation and normal map recovery compared to previous uncalibrated photometric stereo techniques. In addition, with the new configuration we propose, we benefit from improved surface shape recovery by jointly incorporating corrected photometric stereo surface normals and a sparse 3D point cloud from photogrammetry.
A Peridynamics-SPH modeling and simulation of blast fragmentation of soil under buried explosive loads

Abstract In this work, we report a computational study on Peridynamics modeling and simulation of soil fragmentation under buried explosive loads. We have implemented several geomaterial models of soil in the state-based Peridynamics formulation, which can take into account of the effects of strain softening, viscoplasticity, and porosity of soil. Moreover, we adopted a particle decohesion algorithm in the state-based Peridynamics for finite deformation to simulate soil fragmentation. A key technical ingredient of the simulation is the coupling between soil and explosive modeling methods, which is accomplished by coupling the state-based Peridynamics (soil) model with a modified smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) model (explosive). The modified SPH formulation used here is a non-local consistent particle dynamics that is formulated in the current (spatial) configuration. Numerical results of the simulations are compared with the measured experimental data. It has been found that there is a general agreement between the simulation results and the experimental data, and the computational model developed here has shown certain predictive capacity.
Stochastic Volatility Modeling

In his book Stochastic Volatility Modeling, Lorenzo Bergomi organizes and shares the immense knowledge and experience on volatility modelling that he has accumulated over almost 20 years as head of...
"A Healthy Black Identity" Transracial Adoption, Middle-Class Families, and Racial Socialization

In May of 2008 the Evan B. Donaldson Adoption Institute issued a report that questioned whether or not transracial adoption is truly in the best interest of the child, thus newly igniting the contr...
REPORT ON THE WORKSHOP: “MACROPHAGE-LYMPHOCYTE INTERACTION”

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews on a report of a workshop on the topic “Macrophage-Lymphocyte Interaction.” Macrophages can be demonstrated to be necessary for the activation of lymphocytes in vitro by most types of stimulating agents, including allogeneic cells in the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR); soluble protein antigens; lectin mitogens such as phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A); and other mitogens such as sodium periodate and neuraminidase-galactose oxidase. Whether macrophages are required for the activation of all types of lymphocytes by all forms of stimulating agents remains a controversial point and therefore, this question was the first subject of discussion at the workshop. Data demonstrating guinea pig lymph node Tlymphocytes requiring macrophages to proliferate in response to PHA was presented in the presented. Several other participants of the workshop on macrophage-lymphocyte interaction noted that they were unable to demonstrate a macrophage dependence for PHA-induced proliferation.In the workshop, it was noted that guinea pig thymocytes proliferated better in response to PHA after removal of macrophages, and that macrophage-depleted mouse spleen cells responded well to PHA and this response was depressed by the readdition of macrophages. These inconsistencies happen because of several factors, and these factors were also discussed in the workshop. In the workshop, it was further discussed whether antigens had to be bound to a macrophage-surface in order to trigger T-cells, and the generation, nature, and activity of macrophage-derived soluble factors were also discussed..
First in-Situ Demonstration of Passive Radio Sounding Using the Sun as a Source for Echo Detection

While radio echo sounders are powerful tools used to constrain subglacial conditions, current ice-penetrating radar systems are too resource intensive for multiyear deployment at a large scale. To address this, we present passive radio sounding as a low resource approach for observing the subsurface of ice sheets and glaciers. Although passive radar has been used for target tracking and military purposes, it has never been implemented for ice sounding. Nevertheless, recent work has proposed the passive radio sounding of Europa's icy shell using Jupiter's decametric radiation as a source for echo detection [1], [2]. Expanding on this idea, we evaluate and discuss the challenges of developing a passive radio sounder that uses the Sun for echo detection. Our prototype measures the Sun's direct and reflected path off the ocean to obtain the height of a cliff along the California coast. This serves as the first in-situ demonstration of an autocorrelation-based passive-sounder using a compact astronomical white noise source.
Use of Anticoagulation Agents After Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage.

Objective Anticoagulant therapy (ACT) after traumatic intracranial hemorrhage may lead to progression of hemorrhage, but in the presence of thromboembolic events, the clinician must decide if the benefits outweigh the risks. Currently, no data exist to guide therapy in the acute setting. Methods We retrospectively identified all patients admitted to our institution with traumatic intracranial hemorrhage that received intravenous heparin, full-dose enoxaparin, or warfarin during their initial hospitalization over a 3-year period. We reviewed their demographics, hospital course, clinical indication and timing for initiation of ACT, and complications. Results A total of 112 patients were identified. The median age and Glasgow Coma Scale score of these patients was 50.5 years and 9.5, respectively. Twenty-two patients required neurosurgical procedures for their presenting injury, including intracranial pressure monitors and/or open surgeries. Fifty-four patients had deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism prior to initiation, and the remaining 20 patients had preexisting conditions or other indications for initiating ACT. The median time from injury to starting ACT was 8 days. Immediate complications occurred in 6 patients; however, none of these patients required a neurosurgical intervention. Delayed complications included progression of acute to chronic subdural hematoma that required intervention in 2 patients. One patient died from delayed hemorrhage. Conclusions For this patient population, the risk of immediate and delayed intracranial hemorrhages from initiating ACT therapy in intracranial injury must be weighed against the morbidity of delaying treatment. Although further studies are needed, our review provides the first rates of complications for this patient population.
Prediction of Hypoglycemia During Aerobic Exercise in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.

Background:Fear of exercise related hypoglycemia is a major reason why people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) do not exercise. There is no validated prediction algorithm that can predict hypoglycemia at...
Unilateral proptosis, scleral injection and superior gaze diplopia secondary to spontaneous ophthalmic artery to superior ophthalmic vein fistula – Case report and review of literature (P2.145)

Objective: To report a rare case of spontaneous ophthalmic artery (OA) to superior ophthalmic vein (OV) fistula and review the pertinent literature. Background: Intraorbital arteriovenous fistulas (IAVFs) are rare vascular malformations that clinically can mimic carotidcavernous fistulas (CCF), cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST), thyroid disease, episcleritis and scleritis. Most IAVFs are related to trauma, but a small subset can result from spontaneous OV thrombosis. Design/Methods: We describe a case of a spontaneous IAVF. A review of literature on PubMed was performed and summarized. Results: 63 year old man was admitted with left eye bulging and irritation for 3 weeks. He denied trauma, headache, eye discharge or pain. Physical exam was remarkable for left eye proptosis, chemosis, upgaze diplopia and raised intraocular pressure. Visual acuity and color vision were normal. MRV brain was suspicious for left cavernous sinus dural arterial venous fistula. Subsequent catheter angiography revealed a left intraorbital arterial venous fistula between branches of left OA and OV. There was no evidence of cortical venous reflux, indicating that patient was not at increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage. Left carotid injection 3D CT images demonstrated multiple fenestrations in the segment of the OV at the site of the fistula, supporting the mechanism of a spontaneous thrombosis of the OV with subsequent recanalization via multiple channels and fistula formation. The channels were too small for direct catheter access and embolization. The patient was referred for surgical resection of the fistula. Conclusions: Spontaneous IAVFs are a rare cause of proptosis and diplopia. Neurologists should be aware of the possibility of a spontaneous IAVF mimicking the clinical presentation of CCF or CST. Depending on symptoms, ocular pressure, and anatomy of the feeding arteries and draining veins, IAVFs can be managed conservatively, by direct surgical ligation, or by transvenous/transarterial embolization. Disclosure: Dr. Mathew has nothing to disclose. Dr. Murray-Frank has nothing to disclose. Dr. Martucci has nothing to disclose. Dr. Piran has nothing to disclose. Dr. Galvez-Jimenez has nothing to disclose. Dr. Obrzut has nothing to disclose.
Pubertal Status and Age are Differentially Associated with Inflammatory Biomarkers in Female and Male Adolescents

A better understanding of the maturational correlates of inflammatory activity during adolescence is needed to more appropriately study both normal and abnormal development. Inflammation is the immune system’s first response to infection, injury, or psychological stress, and it has been shown to be elevated in individuals with both physical and psychological conditions. This study examined unique associations between (1) pubertal status and inflammatory biomarkers, and (2) age and inflammatory biomarkers, and whether these relationships differed by sex in a diverse sample of 155 adolescents (54.2% female, 45.8% male; Mage = 16.22) from a northeastern city in the US. A more advanced pubertal status was uniquely associated with lower levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8). Chronological age was uniquely associated with lower IL-8 levels. The association between pubertal status and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels differed by sex: more mature females had higher CRP, whereas pubertal status and CRP were not significantly associated in males. These findings highlight an important relation between pubertal development and inflammatory activity during adolescence.
Overview of the optomechanical design of the LUVOIR instruments

The Large Ultraviolet/Optical/Infrared Surveyor (LUVOIR) is a space telescope being submitted for review to the 2020 Decadal Survey in Astronomy and Astrophysics. Its science objectives include both direct imaging and spectral characterization of habitable exoplanets around sun-like stars, the study of planet, star, and galaxy formation, the transfer of matter between different galaxies, and the remote sensing of objects within the Solar System. Two architectures have been designed: a 15 m diameter on-axis telescope (LUVOIR-A) and an 8 m off-axis telescope (LUVOIR-B). This paper discusses the opto-mechanical design of the three LUVOIR instruments: the High Definition Imager (HDI), the LUVOIR UV Multi-object Spectrograph (LUMOS), and the Extreme Coronagraph for Living Planetary Systems (ECLIPS). For both the LUVOIR-A and LUVOIR-B variants of each instrument, optical design specifications are presented including first-order constraints, packaging requirements, and optical performance metrics. These factors are used to illustrate the final design of each instrument and LUVOIR as a whole. In addition to the optical designs, mechanical models are presented for each instrument showing the optical mounts, mechanisms, support structure, etc.
Conclusion: The Future of Identification Infrastructures

In the midst of writing this book, I rewatched the science fiction movie Blade Runner. The movie was released in 1982 but imagined a future world of 2019. What stood out to me at first was that the makers of Blade Runner seemed to imagine a 2019 far more advanced than our present reality. The movie is filled with fully functional androids who have achieved consciousness. In our actual 2018, many of the robots we do have struggle to shuffle across a room. The movie also imagined off-world colonies spread throughout the solar system. In our actual 2018, no human has stepped foot on the moon since 1972.
Comparative discontinuation, effectiveness, and switching practices of dimethyl fumarate and fingolimod at 36-month follow-up.

Abstract Background Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and fingolimod (FTY) are approved oral disease modifying therapies (DMTs) for relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). There are currently no known head-to-head studies comparing DMF and FTY over 36 months, which leaves their relative effectiveness unknown. Objective To assess real-world discontinuation, effectiveness, and switching practices of DMF and FTY over 36 months along with disease activity after switching DMT. Methods Patients prescribed DMF (n = 737) and FTY (n = 535) from two academic MS centers were retrospectively reviewed. Discontinuation and effectiveness outcomes were assessed using propensity score (PS) weighting. PS model covariates included sociodemographics and clinical and MRI characteristics. Results Discontinuation was more common in DMF (58.3%) versus FTY (45.2%) over 36 months [OR = 1.81, 95% CI (1.41–2.31), p Conclusion This combined analysis showed similar effectiveness for DMF and FTY over 36 months with higher DMF discontinuations. Disease activity was lower in switchers to HET versus injectable/oral therapies after DMF/FTY cessation.
Comparative Approaches to Drug Pricing

The United States relies primarily on market forces to determine prices for drugs, whereas most other industrialized countries use a variety of approaches to determine drug prices. Branded drug companies have patents and market exclusivity periods in most industrialized countries. During this period, pharmaceutical companies are allowed to set their list price as high as they prefer in the United States owing to the absence of government price control mechanisms that exist in other countries. Insured patients often pay a percentage of the list price, and cost sharing creates some pressure to lower the list price. Pharmacy benefit managers negotiate with drug companies for lower prices by offering the drug company favorable formulary placement and fewer utilization controls. However, these approaches appear to be less effective, compared with other countries' approaches to containing branded drug prices, because prices are substantially higher in the United States. Other industrialized countries employ various forms of rate setting and price regulation, such as external reference pricing, therapeutic valuation, and health technology assessment to determine the appropriate price.
Acute in vivo pulmonary toxicity assessment of occupationally relevant particulate matter from a cellulose nanofiber board.

Abstract Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are an emerging engineered nanomaterial that are utilized in a variety of applications, including as a replacement for urea-formaldehyde, and other adhesives, as the binding agent in manufactured fiber and particle boards. To ensure the health and well-being of those producing, installing, or otherwise using cellulose nanofiber boards (CNFBs) it is imperative that the particulate matter (PM) produced during CNFB manipulation be evaluated for toxicity. We developed and internally verified a generation system to examine the PM produced by sanding CNFB using aluminum oxide sandpaper. With 80-grit sandpaper our system produced a low dispersity aerosol, as determined by a scanning mobility particle sizer and an optical particle counter, with a geometric mean of 28 nm (GSD = 1.60). ICP-MS evaluation showed little difference in metal concentrations between CNFB PM and nonsanded CNFB stock. We then used the system to simultaneously generate and expose both male and female C57BL/6 J mice acutely for 4 h at a concentration of 7.9 mg/m3. Sham-exposed controls were treated similarly but without sanding the CNFB. Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid biomarkers showed no signs of inflammatory response at either 4- or 24-hours post-exposure. Further, BAL cell viability, number of total cells, and pulmonary cellular recruitment were not significantly changed between the sham-exposed controls and CNFB-exposed mice. Histology further confirmed no pulmonary toxicity as a result of CNFB PM inhalation. We conclude that inhalation of a high concentration of the PM from manipulation of a CNFB did not produce acute toxic responses within 24 h of exposure.
Factors Influencing 4th Year Medical Students’ Rank Lists of Radiology Residency Programs

Background: Applicants for radiology residency programs consider various factors when completing their ranking lists of programs. However, in making their decision, there is usually minimal objective data that can guide applicants in creating their rank list. Purpose: The goal of the study is to determine which factors in order of importance lead to the decision to rank one residency program over the other. Methods: This study was an anonymous, cross sectional study conducted through an online survey. Emails were sent out to applicants who had interviewed at the University of Texas Medical Branch Diagnostic Radiology department the day after match day. The survey consisted of a single open-ended question asking the survey taker to list four factors in order of importance that guided their program rank list. Results were compiled, tallied, and categorized to find common themes between the applicants preferences. Results: Of the 73 surveys sent out, a total of 30 applicants responded for a response rate of 41%. The most common 1st preference factors were Reputation, Location, and Work Environment, with 23.33%, 20%, and 20% of applicants considering these the most important factors in ranking a program. Conclusion: Despite reputation being the most common 1st preference factor, Work Environment was more commonly mentioned overall, being mentioned in 23.35% of all answers compared to Reputation 12.5%. These results, combined with the difficulty in changing a programs location and reputation, make it clear that programs should focus on building and highlighting a healthy work environment to attract applicants.
Harvest maturity of Eragrostis tef ‘Moxie’: Effects on ruminal fermentation, total-tract nutrient digestibility, and growth performance in backgrounding beef cattle

ABSTRACT Objective The objective was to examine the effects of feeding teff (cv. Moxie) hay harvested at either the early-heading (EH) or late-heading (LH) stage of maturity on nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal fermentation characteristics, and growth performance in backgrounding cattle. Materials and Methods A total of 114 steers (initial BW ± SD = 258 kg ± 19.4) were used in a completely randomized design. The dietary treatments were backgrounding diets containing either EH or LH teff hay (65% of diet DM) as the only source of forage. Steers were fed over a 56-d period. Body weight was measured at the beginning and end of the trial, with ruminal fluid, fecal, and blood samples collected on d 21, 42, and 56 to quantify metabolites. Results and Discussion Dry matter and nitrogen (N) intake and apparent total-tract digestibility were greater for EH than LH steers. Although greater for steers fed the EH than LH teff diet on d 21 and 42, both total ruminal short-chain fatty acid and ammonia-N (NH3-N) concentrations did not differ across diets on d 56. These observations suggest greater nutrient supply for EH than LH steers, possibly accounting for the greater ADG. Implications and Applications Delaying harvest of teff from the EH to LH stage of maturity compromised DM and N intake and apparent total-tract digestibility, and ADG. Therefore, the stage of maturity at harvest must be considered when developing teff (cv. Moxie) grass-based feeding systems for growing calves.
Structural Analysis and Visualization of Ecosystems: A Study of Mobile Device Platforms

Platforms enable and drive the creation of new products and services; they also shape and transform industries in fundamental ways. Consequently, platforms have become a core feature of many emerging business models. The success of a platform is inextricably linked to its network, or ecosystem, of enablers and complementors. Drawing on models and theories of complex systems, innovation, and network analysis, this study analyzes the evolving structure of interfirm relations in the mobile device platform ecosystem. This domain is of particular interest due to the emergence of promising new platforms and competition for platform leadership between open and closed business models. The visual approach presented in this study provides insights to the complexity of interfirm relations in the mobile device platform ecosystem, determines a platform’s competitive position, and identifies structural configurations that characterize various types of business strategies. Both theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Risk of cardiac events with azithromycin—A prediction model

Previous studies have suggested an increased risk of cardiac events with azithromycin, but the predictors of such events are unknown. We sought to develop and validate two prediction models to identify such predictors. We used data from Truven Marketscan Database (01/2009 to 06/2015). Using a split-sample approach, we developed two prediction models, which included baseline demographics, clinical conditions (Model 1), concurrent use of any drug (Model 1) and therapeutic class (Model 2) with a risk of QT-prolongation (CQT-Rx). Patients enrolled in a health plan for 365 days before and five days after dispensing of azithromycin (episodes). Cardiac events included syncope, palpitations, ventricular arrhythmias, cardiac arrest as a primary diagnosis for hospitalization including death. For each model, a backward elimination of predictors using logistic regression was applied to identify predictors in 100 random samples of the training cohort. Predictors prevalent in >50% of the models were included in the final model. A score for the Assessment of Cardiac Risk with Azithromycin (ACRA) was generated using the training cohort then tested in the validation cohort. A cohort of 20,134,659 episodes with 0.03% cardiac events were included. Over 60% included females with mean age of 40.1±21.3 years. Age, sex, history of syncope, cardiac dysrhythmias, non-specific chest pain, and presence of a CQT-Rx were included as predictors for Model-1 (c-statistic = 0.68). For Model-2 (c-statistic = 0.64), predictors included age, sex, anti-arrhythmic agents, anti-emetics, antidepressants, loop diuretics, and ACE inhibitors. ACRA score is available online (bit.ly/ACRA_2020). The ACRA score may help identify patients who are at higher risk of cardiac events following treatment with azithromycin. Providers should assess the risk-benefit of using azithromycin and consider alternative antibiotics among high-risk patients.
A WHITE PALETTE GATHERING: DISCUSSING WHITENESS IN ONE ACT

Storytelling, a tenet of Critical Race Theory, offers a distinct approach for researchers engaging in narrative inquiry. This article models a fiction as research approach for creating a literature synthesis as a pedagogical strategy for teacher educators and pre-service teachers. The white palette refers to a painting palette, a blank slate or canvas, often considered neutral ground. Whiteness, however, is not neutral and this one-act conversation centers on examining whiteness as it impacts my role as a white teacher educator. The production, players, and script developed out of salient literature inclusive of Critical Race Theory, Art Education, and Critical Whiteness Studies. I am both author and a participant in this story. In this capacity, I disclose the impacts of the literature on my white teacher educator identity and reveal how I created arts-based data artifacts to evidence the overall story.