cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
On the Mind/Body Problem: The Theory of Essence

The classical mind/body problem can be approached empirically, using instances of the near-death experience (NDE) as experimental data. The monistic viewpoint, that the mind is the functioning of the brain, finds little support in the NDE data, while dualism, mind and body as separate entities, is consistent with NDE research to date. Comparison of the details of the NDE with predictions from theoretical cosmology shows strong similarities between the two and further strengthens the case for dualism. A theory of human nature is proposed that incorporates these similarities.
2-round zero knowledge and proof auditors

We construct 2-round (ie, 2-message), public-coin, black-box (concurrent) zero-knowledge proof systems and arguments for any language in NP under the assumption that the prover is resource-bounded during the execution of the protocol.
Spectral-domain analysis of frequency selective surfaces comprised of periodic arrays of cross dipoles and Jerusalem crosses

A full-wave analysis for the problem of scattering frequency selective surfaces from (FSS) comprised of periodic arrays of cross dipoles and Jerusalem crosses is presented. The formulation is carried out in the spectral domain where the convolution form of the integral equation for the induced current is reduced to an algebraic one. The equation is then solved using the Galerkin's procedure applied in the spectral domain. A set of entire-domain type "junction basis functions," which, is demonstrated in this paper to be essential to account correctly for the discontinuous nature of the induced current at the junction of the cross, is included in the expansion for the unknown induced current. This analysis is computationally efficient, and its accuracy is verified by the agreement between the computed theoretical data and the experimental results reported by other authors.
Effects of Experience and Reminding on Long-Term Recall in Infancy: Remembering Not to Forget.

Abstract We examined whether some of the factors that facilitate recall in older children also extend to 1- to 2-year olds. Using elicited imitation we assessed the efficacy of verbal (Experiment 1), and verbal plus nonverbal (Experiment 2) reminding on 15-month-olds′ recall after a 1-week delay. Reminding ameliorated forgetting: Performance at delayed and immediate recall was equivalent. The addition of nonverbal information did not enhance recall above verbal information alone. In Experiment 3 we investigated the influence of verbal reminding, repeated experience, and mode of experience (i.e., imitate vs watch only) on recall after 1 month. The effects of reminding depended on event type: Reminding facilitated recall of events with enabling relations, but not of events lacking them. Repeated experience and the opportunity to imitate facilitated recall; children who watched events only once nevertheless recalled them. Results suggest that the strength of organization of an event representation, rather than retention interval, is a major determinant of remembering during the second year of life.
Response to Jonathan Sarna’s Marshall sklare award lecture

Jonathan Sarna's Marshall Sklare Memorial Lecture is an opportunity for us to consider what it means intellectually to wed the social scientific study of American Jewry to the historical study of American Jews, Judaism, and Jewish culture. Sarna's long-time engagement with the social sciences, and his interest in historicizing the study of such issues as ethnicity, assimilation, and American Judaism, not only reflect his deep tie to his teacher, Marshall Sklare, but to his own role as an "engaged scholar" of the Jewish people. He embodies an interested, as against disinterested, scholarship, one linked not only to the study of American Jewry, but to its vitality. Engaged scholarship is not about the problem of objectivity. Rather, it takes scholarly pursuit as purposeful. Culture wars notwithstanding, the right and need to study a problem and a people historically because its future matters fundamentally is, to my mind, an effort to which Sarna has contributed fully. It should not surprise us, therefore, that the trope of this Sklare lecture was the incessant dying of American Jewry. In truth, that has been the focus of nearly every Sklare lecture of recent memory. It is a contested trope and has led to animated and even contentious discussions among colleagues in the audience following the lecture. What Sarna introduces to this ongoing discussion is not only an historical dimension, but an approach that moves us well beyond what has become the conventional contours of the conversation: "If American Jews continue these behaviors, we will disappear;" "American Jews won't disappear;" "American Jews have disappeared; it's too late." He has reshaped this conversation through two critical contributions. First, he has historicized the problem of assimilation/cultural vitality. Second, he has focused on the cultural formulations that American Jewish vitality has taken. Rather than emphasizing the binary of assimilation/vitality, he has looked at the foundation of what he has called "Jewish renaissance." Hence, the lecture poses an alternative framework for the discussion of American Jews' future. When were the periods of vitality and transformation? Sarna contends that we should examine cultural vitality historically. When were the periods when American Jews appeared to be in crisis—not educating their children and attending synagogue, when by all "objective" measures Judaism seemed to be incapable of sustaining the Jewish people? His point is that neither
The Collegiate Student Orientation Scale (CSOS): Application of the Marketing Concept to Higher Education.

ABSTRACT Today's administrators in higher education face a dynamic marketplace that offers students an array of educational options and alternatives. Much like organizations more traditionally associated with marketing strategies and tactics, colleges and universities are gradually moving towards and embracing the marketing concept and a focus on consumer orientation. The fundamental objective in this study was to develop and empirically test a multi-item scale called the Collegiate Student Orientation Scale (CSOS). The results of the study showed that the CSOS demonstrated adequate internal reliability. Implications of the results and administrative applications for the new scale are discussed. Finally, avenues for future research are presented.
A Gene for Autosomal Dominant Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia (EDA3) Maps to Chromosome 2q11-q13

Summary Autosomal dominant hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (ADHED) is a disorder characterized by fine, slow-growing scalp and body hair, sparse eyebrows and eyelashes, decreased sweating, hypodontia, and nail anomalies. By genetic linkage analysis of a large ADHED kindred, we have mapped a gene for ADHED ( EDA3 ) to the proximal long arm of chromosome 2 (q11-q13). Obligate recombinations localize EDA3 to an ∼9-cM interval between D2S1321 and D2S308, with no apparent recombinations with markers D2S1343, D2S436, D2S293, D2S1894, D2S1784, D2S1890, D2S274, and CHLC.GAAT11C03.
Unresolved clinical pharmacologic questions in thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction

Abstract Thrombolytic therapy has now become established as a useful therapeutic measure for the immediate treatment of an acute evolving transmural infarction. Nevertheless, several important and fundamental aspects of a pharmacologic nature remain to be resolved. Prominent among these is whether or not fibrin specificity of a thrombolytic agent provides important benefits, and whether heparin therapy us commonly employed to prevent rethrombosis has been effective. Review of the available data raises serous questions as to the validity of current views and the appropriateness of prevailing trends.
Baudelaire, Proudhon, and Le reniement de Saint Pierre

Baudelaire estimait Proudhon plus profondement qu'on ne le croit| il a meme a un certain moment adhere a sa conception utilitaire de l'art. Le reniement de Saint Pierre et, dans une certaine mesure, Les litanies de Satan s'inspirent de P., de sa denonciation de l'inconsequence et de la defaite du reformateur Jesus.
Granular Immunofluorescence deposition of IgG in anti-GBM antibody disease

Our patient was a 75 year old male, who presented with worsening dysphagia for solids and liquids and increasing malaise. His past medical history was significant for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD). He was then admitted and was found to have a creatinine of 3.5, with an unknown baseline. He was worked up for acute kidney injury and dysphagia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was done and he was found to have achlasia. Urinalysis was done and it showed showed 3+ proteinuria. Subsequently, his creatinine peaked from 3.5 to 9.9. Serology for Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) was negative, but Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody (anti-GBM Ab) was positive, with a titer of 184. Renal biopsy done,which was consistent with granular GBM than the usual linear pattern. He was subsequently started on stress dose of steroids. He did not show any response to steroids and so he was also started on cyclophosphamide and plasmapheresis was also done. Unfortunately, he did not respond to any of these therapies. He started deteriorating and soon developed shortness of breath, hemoptysis and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. He was then admitted in the intensive care unit (ICU) and the decision was made to start dialysis, cyclophosphamide was stopped and the steroids were slowly tapered.The patient gradually improved with dialysis. This case demonstrates a very rare pattern of immunofluorescence in a patient with anti-GBM antibody disease. Normally, the immunofluorescence microscopy in these patients shows characteristic linear deposition of IgG. But our patient had a granular immunofluorescence pattern, a very rare finding in a patient with Goodpasture's disease. To our knowledge this is the first reported case with such an immunofluorescence pattern in a patient with Goodpasture's disease in the entire medical literature.
Reexamining the Dissolution of Spent Fuel: A Comparison of Different Methods for Calculating Rates

Dissolution rates for spent fuel have typically been reported in terms of a rate normalized to the surface area of the specimen. Recent evidence has shown that neither the geometric surface area nor that measured with BET accurately predicts the effective surface area of spent fuel. Dissolution rates calculated from results obtained by flowthrough tests were reexamined comparing the cumulative releases and surface area normalized rates. While initial surface area is important for comparison of different rates, it appears that normalizing to the surface area introduces unnecessary uncertainty compared to using cumulative or fractional release rates. Discrepancies in past data analyses are mitigated using this alternative method.
Calculation of matrix elements in filter diagonalization: a generalized method based on Fourier transform

Abstract An efficient scheme is proposed for calculating the elements of the overlap and Hamiltonian matrices in filter diagonalization. This method is based on the cosine Fourier transform between the angle and order domains of the Chebyshev operator. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) implementation of this method renders a favorable scaling law in calculating the matrix elements. Our method represents a generalization of existing schemes and is applicable to matrices of any functions of the Hamiltonian operator.
Influence of Unstable Manifolds on Orbit Uncertainty

Thedynamicsoforbituncertaintyinanunstableorbitalenvironmentarediscussedwithspecie capplicationtothe orbit determination of a halo orbit about an Earth ‐sun libration point. The goal of the paper is to investigate orbit determination and orbit uncertainty dynamics in this environment and to present basic results. The dynamics model is based on the Hill equations of motion, and the orbit determination measurement model is based on the classical Hamilton ‐Melbourne analysis for the information content of a Doppler pass of data. The effect of correlated stochastic accelerations on the orbit uncertainty distributions is also included in the model. Results are presented, and the major departures from the classic two-body orbital environment are highlighted. We show that theunstable manifolds ofthehalo orbit control thelong-term evolution of theuncertainty. During active periods of tracking, however, this relationship can be reversed, and the largest direction of uncertainty will not, in general, lie along the local unstable manifold of the orbit. The ine uence of the unstable manifold on the direction of maximum orbit uncertainty is seen to vary with the orbit geometry, level of stochastic accelerations, and tracking frequency.
The effect of terpene enhancer lipophilicity on the percutaneous permeation of hydrocortisone formulated in HPMC gel systems.

Abstract The percutaneous permeation of hydrocortisone (HC) was investigated in hairless mouse skin after application of an alcoholic hydrogel using a diffusion cell technique. The formulations contained one of 12 terpenes, the selection of which was based on an increase in their lipophilicity (log P 1.06−5.36). Flux, cumulative receptor concentrations, skin content, and lag time of HC were measured over 24 h and compared with control gels (containing no terpene). Furthermore, HC skin content and the solubility of HC in the alcoholic hydrogel solvent mixture in the presence of terpene were determined, and correlated to the enhancing activity of terpenes. The in vitro permeation experiments with hairless mouse skin revealed that the terpene enhancers varied in their ability to enhance the flux of HC. Nerolidol which possessed the highest lipophilicity (log P =5.36±0.38) provided the greatest enhancement for HC flux (35.3-fold over control). Fenchone (log P =2.13±0.30) exhibited the lowest enhancement of HC flux (10.1-fold over control). In addition, a linear relationship was established between the log P of terpenes and the cumulative amount of HC in the receptor after 24 h ( Q 24 ). Nerolidol, provided the highest Q 24 (1733±93 μg/cm 2 ), whereas verbenone produced the lowest Q 24 (653±105 μg/cm 2 ). Thymol provided the lowest HC skin content (1151± 293 μg/g), while cineole produced the highest HC skin content (18999±5666 μg/g). No correlation was established between the log P of enhancers and HC skin content. A correlation however, existed between the log P of terpenes and the lag time. As log P increased, a linear decrease in lag time was observed. Cymene yielded the shortest HC lag time, while fenchone produced the longest lag time. Also, the increase in the log P of terpenes resulted in a proportional increase in HC solubility in the formulation solvent mixture.
Automatic Software Test Drivers

Typical testing activities may involve many hundreds of tests. An automatic software test driver assists the tester by managing all of the test data, and automatically running the tests. Savings during regression testing can be significant.
Desaktivierungsverhalten von Arenen und Heteroarenen. XII. Kinetik der Photodimerisierung von Akridiziniumsalzen

Deactivation Behaviour of Arenes and Heteroarenes. XII. Kinetics of Photodimerization of Akridizinium Salts Resulting from the photo-kinetic parameters of the deactivation of the akridizinium ion the photodimerization and -monomerization of the dimers obtained are investigated, and the rate constants of partial processes are determined. The values of the quantum yield of the dimerization (c∞) in methanol and the monomerization are 0,23 and 0,49, respectively. The presence of compounds with heavy atoms, electron donors and anions of high polarisibility results in a decrease of the quantum yields. In the case of the dimerization process this effect is more intense than in the case of monomerization. From the comparison of these results with those of fluorescence quenching it can be concluded, that non-luminescent excimers with a life-time of about 1 ns are formed intermediately.
ET-25THERAPEUTIC MODULATION OF MDM2 IN NEUROBLASTOMA

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood. In high-risk NB, the MYCN gene is amplified in approximately 25% of all cases, and is considered to be a negative prognostic factor. MYCN can transcriptionally activate the murine double minute-2 (MDM2) gene, leading to increased expression of MDM2, downregulation of the tumor suppressor p53, and increased tumorigenesis. To improve treatment outcome in NB, inhibition of MDM2 function with front-line chemotherapy is being explored. The E3 ubiquitin ligase, MDM2, which ubiquitinates and targets p53 for proteosomal degradation, is a multifunctional protein that regulates the p53 signaling network and the DNA damage response. Cell growth assays indicate that inhibition of MDM2 function by the small molecule antagonist nutlin3a is synergistic to additive in combination with frontline chemotherapeutics in IMR32 NB cells (wt p53, MYCN amplified). To determine the effects of the combination of nutlin3a and cisplatin on a cell line without MYCN amplification, cell growth assays using SK-N-SH NB cells (wt p53, single MYCN copy) were performed. Results demonstrated that combined treatment with nutlin3a and cisplatin is synergistic in SK-N-SH NB cells. To delineate the mechanism of action in IMR32 cells exposed to cisplatin and nutlin3a, the impact of the two drugs, alone and in combination, was investigated in the context of MDM2 expression, modulation of the cell cycle, and DNA damage response. Western blot analyses were performed to monitor expression of cell cycle proteins and DNA damage/repair responses that we hypothesized are regulated by nutlin3a-mediated MDM2 blockade. Results demonstrated that combination treatment in IMR32 NB cells enhanced the DNA damage response and inhibited cell growth. The data provide further support for the hypothesis that MDM2 is a target that can be therapeutically exploited in combination with front-line chemotherapy to improve treatment outcome in MYCN non-amplified and MYCN amplified neuroblastoma.
Patterns of brain reorganization subsequent to left fusiform damage: FMRI evidence from visual processing of words and pseudowords, faces and objects

Little is known about the neural reorganization that takes place subsequent to lesions that affect orthographic processing (reading and/or spelling). We report on an fMRI investigation of an individual with a left mid-fusiform resection that affected both reading and spelling (Tsapkini & Rapp, 2010). To investigate possible patterns of functional reorganization, we compared the behavioral and neural activation patterns of this individual with those of a group of control participants for the tasks of silent reading of words and pseudowords and the passive viewing of faces and objects, all tasks that typically recruit the inferior temporal lobes. This comparison was carried out with methods that included a novel application of Mahalanobis distance statistics, and revealed: (1) normal behavioral and neural responses for face and object processing, (2) evidence of neural reorganization bilaterally in the posterior fusiform that supported normal performance in pseudoword reading and which contributed to word reading (3) evidence of abnormal recruitment of the bilateral anterior temporal lobes indicating compensatory (albeit insufficient) recruitment of mechanisms for circumventing the word reading deficit.
Research in undergraduate mathematics education

Research in undergraduate mathematics education (RUME), the study of teaching and learning of college mathematics, is a new area of research in mathematics. Information to support this discipline is found in publications from all over the world, in the form of monographs, reports, research guidelines and resource manuals, as well as journal articles. Researchers in RUME require access to materials that are specific not only to their field, but also to the broader literature of mathematics, education, learning theories, instructional strategies, alternative assessment techniques, cognitive development and human behavior. This annotated bibliography is designed to be a template for a comprehensive and up‐to‐date collection of RUME resources. World Wide Web (Web) locations for many of the items are provided, as are descriptions of several Web sites that present information of interest to RUME researchers.
Interactions Between Phytate, Protein, and Minerals in Whey Fractions of Black Gram

Whey fractions cor taining proteins (albumins), phytate, and minerals were prepared from black gram (Phaseolus mungo L.) cotyledons and were employee to study the interactions between protein, phytate, and minerals at pH 2.80, 6.40, and 8.40. Black gram cotyledons contained 1.7% phytate, of which 88.7% existed in watersoluble form. Phytate phosphorus represented for about 89% of total phosphorus in black gram cotyledons. Recovery of phytate in fraction I (pH 2.80), fraction II (pH 8.40), and fraction III (pH 6.40) was 45%, 69%, and 4%, respectively, after 48 hr dialysis. At pH 2.80, complexation occurred between phytate and proteins. Complexation between phytate and proteins at pH 8.40 was mediated by divalent cations such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc. Fraction II had higher concentrations of divalent cations (calcium, magnesium, and zir c) than the other two fractions I and III.
First Results from the On-Orbit Calibrations of the Visible and Infrared Scanner for the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission

Abstract This work presents the first on-orbit calibration results using the Moon, the Sun, and cold deep space as inputs to the Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS) on board the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite. The authors have developed lunar reflectance curves using VIRS data for phase angles ranging from 1.6° to 82°. Comparisons with modeled reflectance curves show that the VIRS lunar data are as predicted. Specifically, the six-parameter model of Helfenstein and Veverka provides a good description of the VIRS 0.62-μm data. The lunar reflectance data will be used to discern long-term changes in VIRS response. Solar calibrations, performed using an onboard solar diffuser, show fluctuations of the VIRS responsivity of less than 1.3% and no indication of any systematic change during 11 months. Using the deep-space calibration implemented via a spacecraft maneuver on three different dates—7 January, 8 January, and 2 September 1998—the authors have measured the dependence of the scan mi...
What's Next for Low-Dimensional Materials?

I start this perspectives article with a brief historical review about how graphene logically fits into the nanoscience field from my own perspective in contrast to the actual history of graphene r...
It suffices to check only two special vertex matrices in Kronecker space to analyze the robust stability of an interval matrix

This paper addresses the issue of developing a finitely computable necessary and sufficient test for checking the robust stability of interval matrices and provides a complete solution to the problem in the form of an improved 'extreme point' result. The novelty of the proposed solution is that for this special case of an 'interval matrix' with all its vertices being stable, it suffices to check only two vertex matrices in the Kronecker Lyapunov space for assessing the robust stability of the entire matrix family. By exploiting the 'hyper-rectangle' nature of the interval matrix description, the algorithm achieves this remarkable computational savings by making use of two avenues: in one avenue, we identify only 'two critical vertices' to be used in the checking, and in the other we avoid all the other unnecessary combinations. These two avenues, when incorporated within the 'extreme point' algorithm, results eventually in this 'two vertex checking' algorithm. This checking is done in the higher dimensional 'Kronecker Lyapunov' space. The proposed methodology is illustrated with a variety of examples. The importance of this result and possible extensions of this result are discussed.
The impact of Spinal Cord Injury on the employment of family caregivers

This paper describes and explores the impact of spinal cord injury (SCI) on the employment of family members, especially those who act as primary caregivers, of individuals with SCI. Using individual interviews and a focus group, nine caregivers were interviewed to gain a better understanding of the challenges these caregivers face, the needs and concerns they have, and what services and programs would enable them to continue to balance their many roles. Our participants included both parents and spouses/partners of individuals with SCI, who varied significantly across age (teenager through adult) and level of injury. Four primary themes emerged from our study: (1) caregivers had to create flexibility in their employment situation in order to successfully maintain employment, especially immediately after the injury; (2) while many of our caregivers felt that they needed to work for financial reasons, there were times when the two responsibilities of work and caregiving conflicted; (3) responsibilities left little time for the caregivers to engage in leisure, maintain social connection, spend time with their spouse, or take time to care for their own personal needs: and (4) caregivers' employment was affected by the lack of available Certified Nursing Aides. This study points to the need for more community supports for this population of caregivers and the need for more research on employed caregivers of persons with SCI.
N-oxide promoted pauson-khand cyclizations at room temperature

Abstract Tertiary amine oxides have been utilized to effect cobalt-mediated intramolecular cyclizations of enynes (Pauson-Khand reactions) at room temperature. The stereoselectivity, range and limitations of this method are examined.
Phase analysis for the limitations of the tomographic paradigm on a 3D scene

The tomographic paradigm argues that the demodulated pulses from a spotlight mode SAR system trace a 2D slice of the 3D Fourier transform of the complex surface reflectivity. This paper derives the phase errors that result from imaging a 3D surface from a non planar collection geometry and shows how correct projection to the true surface can eliminate many of the errors. The response from an ideal scatterer is derived and then approximated to simplify the expression into a manageable and meaningful form and so that insight can be gained into the artifacts produced. The theory indicates that warping an image by distorting the final image to correct for layover doesn't eliminate the second order blurring terms produced by the relief and that both the layover and these blurring affects can be properly eliminated through correct projection to the real ground plane.
ETIOLOGY OF OROYA FEVER : IX. BACTERIUM PERUVIANUM, N. SP., A SECONDARY INVADER OF THE LESIONS OF VERRUGA PERUANA.

A minute, pleomorphic, motile, Gram-negative bacterium has been isolated from two specimens of nodular tissue from human verruga. In films and sections of the original tissues the organism in question is difficult to distinguish from Bartonella bacilliformis, with which it was associated, and even in pure culture it has a number of properties in common with that parasite. No sugars are fermented by it, it is an obligate aerobe, the optimum temperature for its growth is 25°C., and it has two to four spiral flagella attached to one end of the body. It is, however, readily cultivated on any ordinary culture medium. Broth cultures contain much mucin, but no hydrogen sulfide is formed. Coagulated serum is liquefied by its growth, and the red corpuscles in a blood agar plate are hemolyzed. Rabbits, guinea pigs, rats, and mice develop acute, fatal septicemia as a result of intravenous or intratesticular inoculation of young cultures. The liver is characteristically affected and shows a general parenchymatous degeneration and necrosis; the entire gastrointestinal tract is intensely congested, and numerous hemorrhagic areas are present; the spleen, dark and soft, is rarely much enlarged; the kidneys are swollen and congested; the adrenals are much swollen and intensely red; the lungs are sometimes congested but otherwise normal. In the case of intratesticular inoculation the scrotum and testicle both undergo rapid gangrene. In monkeys no septicemia has been observed, but a violent local reaction—swelling, congestion, sometimes necrosis—follows intradermal inoculation. Since no microorganism corresponding in character with this one has previously been described, it is regarded as a new species, and because of its presence in material obtained from Peru it has been given the name Bacterium peruvianum. The significance of the association of B. peruvianum with Bartonella bacilliformis deserves further investigation; it is not impossible that the two organisms are introduced into the human body by the same blood-sucking insect.
Light as a hazard for the desiccation-resistant ‘resurrection’ fern Polypodium polypodioides

Abstract. Using fluorescence measurements at 77 K, the susceptibility to photoinhibition was determined for variously dehydrated leaves of the desiccation–resistant fern Polypodium polypodioides. As expected, water loss increased the potential danger of light-induced damage. However, the long-term consequences of that damage differed depending on the hydration state of the leaves during the light treatment, suggesting that different targets were affected. This became evident when the rehydrated leaves were subjected to conditions conducive to recovery from typical photoinhibition. After an exposure to high photon flux densities, full restoration of normal photochemical efficiencies occurred only when the photoinhibitory treatment had occurred while the leaves were fully hydrated, or when the dehydration had reached a stage at which only the primary charge separation and storage were operative. On the other hand, lesions caused by high light intensities in slightly dehydrated leaves which had retained some electron transport activity between the two photosystems, or in desiccated leaves incapable of any measureable photosynthetic functions, were very inefficiently or not at all repaired. One unexpected hazard of high light intensities for dehydrated leaves turned out to be further desiccation which could reach a threshold at which extensive cellular damage began to ensue. In nature, P. polypodioides avoids light–induced damage by rolling its leaves during dehydration so that only the reflectant abaxial leaf surface is exposed to ambient light, and by occupying shaded habitats.
Photochemical degradation of citrate buffers leads to covalent acetonation of recombinant protein therapeutics.

Novel acetone and aldimine covalent adducts were identified on the N-termini and lysine side chains of recombinant monoclonal antibodies. Photochemical degradation of citrate buffers, in the presence of trace levels of iron, is demonstrated as the source of these modifications. The link between degradation of citrate and the observed protein modifications was conclusively established by tracking the citrate decomposition products and protein adducts resulting from photochemical degradation of isotope labeled 13C citrate by mass spectrometry. The structure of the acetone modification was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy on modified–free glycine and found to correspond to acetone linked to the N-terminus of the amino acid through a methyl carbon. Results from mass spectrometric fragmentation of glycine modified with an acetone adduct derived from 13C labeled citrate indicated that the three central carbons of citrate are incorporated onto protein amines in the presence of iron and light. While citrate is known to stoichiometrically decompose to acetone and CO2 through various intermediates in photochemical systems, it has never been shown to be a causative agent in protein carbonylation. Our results point to a previously unknown source for the generation of reactive carbonyl species. This work also highlights the potential deleterious impact of trace metals on recombinant protein therapeutics formulated in citrate buffers.
Skating Femininity: Gender Maneuvering in Women’s Roller Derby

This article contributes to the discussion of hegemonic and alternative femininities through an ethnographic study of Women’s Flat Track Roller Derby. As a site for construction of alternative femininities in the image of a “derby girl,” derby reveals how the understudied intragender relations between femininities can be important in challenging hegemonic gender relations. The dynamics between femininities, and the women who practice them, affect the motivations for challenging hegemonic gender, the transportation of symbolic discourses deployed in the challenges, and the creation of new organizational networks to sustain these challenges. One sees these effects in the organized ways the athletes feminize their participation in an aggressive sport through resistance, adaptation, mockery, and parody of hegemonic femininity, pariah femininities, and sport. This study gives particular attention to the interpretation of the events by the skaters and the histories of the social actors as well the interactions ...
Performance optimal speed control of multi-core processors under thermal constraints

Advances in chip-multiprocessor processing capabilities has led to an increased power consumption and temperature hotspots. Maintaining the on-chip temperature is important from the power reduction and reliability considerations. Achieving highest performance while maintaining the temperature constraint is a challenge. We develop analytical solutions for the optimal control of frequencies for each core in a chip-multiprocessor. The objective is to reduce the makespan or the latest task completion time of all tasks. We show that the optimal frequency policy is bang-bang when the temperature constraint is not active and is exponential when the temperature constraint is active. We show that there is a significant improvement in overall throughput with our proposed solution and yet all cores operate under the thermal maximum.
High Aspect Ratio Wrinkles via Substrate Prestretch

A non-fractured, high aspect ratio wrinkled surface is successfully fabricated. Building upon recently developed models of the localization transition and the current knowledge of surface failures, the wrinkling mode is stabilized at high strain, doubling the accessible wrinkling aspect ratio to the currently reported value. This high aspect ratio surface provides significant promise for future wrinkle-based applications.
Design of Integrated Nanostructured Wicks for High-Performance Vapor Chambers

The performance of passive phase-change cooling devices, such as vapor chambers or heat pipes, may be significantly enhanced by exploiting the superior thermal properties of carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays. The potential for large reductions in overall package resistance with the use of high-conductivity wick materials enhanced with CNT nanostructures is investigated. While such nanostructured wicks feature very small pore sizes that support high capillary pressures, it is shown that the high fluid flow resistance through these dense arrays prevents their use as the lone fluid transport mechanism. It is proposed that evaporator surfaces comprised of nanostructured wicks fed by interspersed conventional wick materials (such as sintered powders) can provide the required permeability for fluid flow while simultaneously decreasing the effective evaporator thermal resistance. Optimization of wicks with integrated sintered and nanostructured areas requires a study of the trade-offs between the greater permeability of the sintered materials and the greater capillary pressure and thin-film evaporation area offered by the nanostructures. A numerical model is developed to estimate the thermal resistance of the evaporator region compared to that of a homogeneous sintered powder wick. The inputs needed for this model include the permeability and the capillary pressure in the two regions. A parametric study is conducted as a function of the ratio of conduction and evaporative resistances for the nanostructured and sintered regions. For a given heat input, the optimal liquid-feeding geometry that minimizes thermal resistance is obtained. In the best cases, the thermal resistance is reduced by a factor of thirteen through the use of the integrated nanostructured wicks compared to the resistance of a homogeneous sintered powder wick.
Cohort Profile: The Hawai’i Family Study of Cognition

Intergenerational longitudinal studies over the lifespan provide valuable information for understanding the contexts and dynamic relations among cognition, family and health in adults and the elderly. The Hawai‘i Family Study of Cognition (HFSC), initiated in the early 1970s, included a cohort of over 6500 individuals representing over 1800 families of parents and their offspring. The HFSC gathered data on cognitive, personality, biological and other psychosocial variables, and provided novel information on the nature of cognitive abilities, especially on family issues. Some families were reassessed with short-term retesting in the 1970s. A select sample of offspring and their siblings and spouses were re-measured in the 1980s. Decades later, a 40-year follow-up of the original HFSC cohort was facilitated by the availability of contemporary tracking and tracing methods and internet-based testing. A subgroup of the original HFSC participants was re-contacted and retested on contemporary cognitive as well as socio-demographic and health measures. In this paper, we describe the original HFSC cohort and the design and methodology of the re-contact and retest studies of the HFSC, plans for expanding the re-contact and retesting, as well as directions for future research and collaborations. The Principal Investigator may be contacted for more information regarding the application, review and approval process for data access requests from qualified individuals outside the project.
Assessment, classification and implications of learning styles in instructional interactions

(1986). Assessment, classification and implications of learning styles in instructional interactions. Communication Education: Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 411-417.
Measuring Gubernatorial Budgetary Power A New Approach

Numerous scholars have considered the relationship between gubernatorial power and political outcomes. In fact, gubernatorial power has been used as a key explanatory factor in analyses of topics s...
CS-29A KINOME-WIDE RNAi-SCREEN IN DROSOPHILA GLIA AND HUMAN GBM CELLS REVEALS THAT Stk17A DRIVES NEOPLASTIC GLIAL CELL PROLIFERATION AND INVASION

Glioblastomas (GBM), the most common primary malignant brain tumors, are highly proliferative and diffusely invasive, and are incurable with current therapies. Genetic and molecular analyses reveal that GBMs frequently harbor mutations that activate the EGFR receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR) and Pi-3 kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway, and the ability of these mutations to drive gliomagenesis has been verified in mouse models. Yet, current data indicate that EGFR and PI3K signaling cooperates with as yet unknown factors to drive invasive pathology and therapeutic resistance in GBM. To uncover such factors, we used a multidisciplinary approach and performed as series of genetic screen in both Drosophila melanogaster and mammalian GBM model systems, and sought to isolate novel genes that augment EGFR- and PI3K- dependent neoplasia. Results in Drosophila and GBM cell culture systems indicate that Stk17A, a cytoplasmic serine-threonine kinase, is required for GBM invasion and cell proliferation, and that Stk17A loss sensitizes GBM cells to chemotherapy. In GBMs and in lower grade gliomas, Stk17A is subject to copy-gain and/or amplification and becomes overexpressed, and Stk17A overexpression is significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients. Stk17A copy-gain and overexpression are also significantly associated with mutation of EGFR and PI3K pathway components. Our Drosophila data show that overexpression activates Stk17A signaling, which cooperates with oncogenic EGFR mutations to stimulate increased glial cell proliferation and invasion. Our Drosophila data also suggest that Stk17A function is not required for normal glial development. Together, these data indicate that Stk17A drives gliomagenesis, and that Stk17A may serve as a tumor-cell specific therapeutic target for GBM and other gliomas. Therefore, we are examining the molecular function of Stk17A in GBM in order to determine how Stk17A contributes to tumor pathology.
The Analysis Of Pollution-induced Diseases Caused By Residential Renovation In Part Of The Liuzhou's Co mmunity

Objective The purpose is to find the reason why the diseases may caused by the pollution of residential renovation in some of the community of Liuzhou.Methods QC-2-type air sampler for determination of form aldehyde concentration.Results The formaldehyde concentration of 39 houses exceede for 100%occupancy in one to three month's stay.The formaldehydeconcentration of 23 houses exceeded for 46.2%occupancy in six month to a year's stay. Conclusion The basic principles of fitting:"people-oriented"should be used in"green materials"decoration.You may not move to the newlybuilt house immediately.You'd better have a window ventilation for 3～6 months.Before you move to the new house,you may have a text for the indoor air quality.
Mechanistic Nanotherapeutic Approach Based on siRNA-Mediated DJ-1 Protein Suppression for Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer.

We report an efficient therapeutic modality for platinum resistant ovarian cancer based on siRNA-mediated suppression of a multifunctional DJ-1 protein that is responsible for the proliferation, growth, invasion, oxidative stress, and overall survival of various cancers. The developed therapeutic strategy can work alone or in concert with a low dose of the first line chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin, to elicit a maximal therapeutic response. To achieve an efficient DJ-1 knockdown, we constructed the polypropylenimine dendrimer-based nanoplatform targeted to LHRH receptors overexpressed on ovarian cancer cells. The quantitative PCR and Western immunoblotting analysis revealed that the delivered DJ-1 siRNA downregulated the expression of targeted mRNA and corresponding protein by more than 80% in various ovarian cancer cells. It was further demonstrated that siRNA-mediated DJ-1 suppression dramatically impaired proliferation, viability, and migration of the employed ovarian cancer cells. Finally, the combin...
Weighted Time Warping for Temporal Segmentation of Multi-Parameter Physiological Signals

We present a novel approach to segmenting a quasiperiodic multi-parameter physiological signal in the presence of noise and transient corruption. We use Weighted Time Warping (WTW), to combine the partially correlated signals. We then use the relationship between the channels and the repetitive morphology of the time series to partition it into quasiperiodic units by matching it against a constantly evolving template. The method can accurately segment a multi-parameter signal, even when all the individual channels are so corrupted that they cannot be individually segmented. Experiments carried out on MIMIC, a multi-parameter physiological dataset recorded on ICU patients, demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Our method performs as well as a widely used QRS detector on clean raw data, and outperforms it on corrupted data. Under additive noise at SNR 0 dB the average errors were 5.81 ms for our method and 303.48 ms for the QRS detector. Under transient corruption they were 2.89 ms and 387.32 ms respectively.
Racial Preferences in Educational Trusts: An Overview of the United States Experience

Bequests to establish trusts that confer educational benefits on racial preferences are troublesome. The common law jurisdictions of the United States have grappled with this problem and have designed solutions that differ from the Barbados and United Kingdom approach. Constitutional law issues become significant in the United States when racial preferences are included in trusts. They do not appear in the United Kingdom.This article analyzes the elucidations presented in the United States with a brief overview of trust law issues which appear in the United Kingdom and Barbados. The limited treatment of the United Kingdom and Barbados approaches is included only to highlight the United States experience with racial preferences in trusts and to set forth the similarities of the court systems with respect to the common law.Section I of this article first reviews the myriad of constitutional law issues that may arise in the interpretation of racially restrictive trusts. Section II presents a review of the fundamentals of trust law with an excellent discussion of the Cy Pres doctrine. Next, in section III, a close look at how ten different jurisdictions have resolved racially restrictive trusts is detailed along with a brief discussion of a few reverse discrimination cases. In the final sections of the article, the impact of the much talked about Bob Jones case is reviewed with respect to its impact on racial education trusts and tax laws, and also a conclusory review of Barbados and the United Kingdom.
Skeletal Muscle Function

Publisher Summary This chapter outlines skeletal muscle forms and functions, and reviews mechanisms of assessment. The chapter also introduces selected neuromuscular diseases that highlight the close relationship between muscle form and function. Skeletal muscle comprises approximately 50% of the body's mass. It is largely composed of long multinucleated spindle-shaped skeletal muscle cells (myofibers) that are highly specialized by virtue of a structured array of muscle-specific contractile proteins and conductile membranes containing ion channels and pumps. Muscles in the body differ in their constituent myofiber populations, and vascular and nerve supply, which affects the speed and force developed during muscle contraction as well as the neuromuscular disorders with which they are afflicted. This chapter explains in detail the concepts related to neuromuscular transmission, coupling excitation to contraction, muscular contraction, and muscular energetics. The chapter elaborates heterogeneity of skeletal muscle. Diagnostic laboratory methods for the evaluation of neuromuscular disorders are also discussed in detail. The chapter concludes with a discussion on selected neuromuscular disorders of domestic animals such as ion channelopathies, muscular dystrophy, and immume-mediated canine masticatory muscle myositis.
Analytic Solutions of Non-Markovian Master Equations for Superfluorescence

In 1973 Skribanowitz et al. made the first observation of superfluorescence in optically pumped HF gas [1]. One feature that was not predicted by the theoretical studies then available was ringing. Since its discovery, several authors [1–4] have tried to explain this phenomenon by taking into consideration the propagation effects such as field inhomogeneities and stimulated effects. In this article, we will focus our attention on the non-Markovian master equation derived from first principles by Bonifacio and Lugiato [2] in which the stimulated effects are incorporated to account for the ringing. We will use the Dicke state representation and obtain probability distributions for the case of no atom-field correlation and for the case when only first order atom-field correlation is considered. The expectation values of some basic operators will also be obtained explicitly.