cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The role of language in emotion: predictions from psychological constructionism.

Common sense suggests that emotions are physical types that have little to do with the words we use to label them. Yet recent psychological constructionist accounts reveal that language is a fundamental element in emotion that is constitutive of both emotion experiences and perceptions. According to the psychological constructionist Conceptual Act Theory (CAT), an instance of emotion occurs when information from one’s body or other people’s bodies is made meaningful in light of the present situation using concept knowledge about emotion. The CAT suggests that language plays a role in emotion because language supports the conceptual knowledge used to make meaning of sensations from the body and world in a given context. In the present paper, we review evidence from developmental and cognitive science to reveal that language scaffolds concept knowledge in humans, helping humans to acquire abstract concepts such as emotion categories across the lifespan. Critically, language later helps individuals use concepts to make meaning of on-going sensory perceptions. Building on this evidence, we outline predictions from a psychological constructionist model of emotion in which language serves as the “glue” for emotion concept knowledge, binding concepts to embodied experiences and in turn shaping the ongoing processing of sensory information from the body and world to create emotional experiences and perceptions.
Promoting invasive species control and eradication in the sea: Options for managing the tunicate invader Didemnum vexillum in Sitka, Alaska

Bioinvasions are a significant force of change – and economic and ecological threat – in marine ecosystems. The threat now encroaches on Alaska, which has had relatively few invasions compared to other global regions, prompting need to develop new incursion response tools. We appraised five ‘eco-friendly’ immersion treatment options (dilute acetic acid, dilute bleach, freshwater, brine and hypoxia) at either minute- or hour-scale exposures to kill the invasive tunicate Didemnum vexillum. Data revealed 100% treatment efficacy after two minutes in acetic acid, ten minutes in bleach, four hours in freshwater and over four hours in brine solution. We also demonstrated the importance of monitoring D. vexillum recovery for at least three weeks, since seemingly destroyed colonies rebounded during this timeframe. Combined, these findings provide insights towards a bay-scale eradication and post-border management plan applicable to the recent D. vexillum incursion in Whiting Harbor, Alaska and other shallow, inshore invasion sites.
Patterned paper as a template for the delivery of reactants in the fabrication of planar materials

This account reviews the use of templates, fabricated by patterning paper, for the delivery of aqueous solutions of reactants (predominantly, ions) in the preparation of structured, thin materials (e.g., films of ionotropic hydrogels). In these methods, a patterned sheet of paper transfers an aqueous solution of reagent to a second phase—either solid or liquid—brought into contact with the template; this process can form solid structures with thicknesses that are typically ≤1.5 mm. The shape of the template and the pattern of a hydrophobic barrier on the paper control the shape of the product, in its plane, by restricting the delivery of the reagent in two dimensions. The concentration of the reagents, and the duration that the template remains in contact with the second phase, control growth in the third dimension (i.e., thickness). The method is especially useful in fabricating shaped films of ionotropic hydrogels (e.g., calcium alginate) by controlling the delivery of solutions of multivalent cations to solutions of anionic polymers. The templates can also be used to direct reactions that generate patterns of solid precipitates within sheets of paper. This review examines applications of the method for: (i) patterning bacteria in two dimensions within a hydrogel film, (ii) manipulating hydrogel films and sheets of paper magnetically, and (iii) generating dynamic 3-D structures (e.g., a cylinder of rising bubbles of O2) from sheets of paper with 2-D patterns of a catalyst (e.g., Pd0) immersed in appropriate reagents (e.g., 1% H2O2 in water).
Exciton Localization and Large Stokes Shift in Quaternary BeMgZnO Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy

Owing to wide range bandgap tunability to more than 5 eV, the quaternary (Be,Mg)ZnO solid solutions are attractive for a variety of UV optoelectronic applications, inclusive of solar blind photodetectors, and intersubband transition devices. The mutual compensation effects of Be and Mg on the formation energy and strain allows a wide range of compositions and bandgaps beyond those achievable by MgZnO and BeZnO ternaries. Localization effects are well pronounced in such wide-bandgap semiconductor alloys due to large differences in metal covalent radii and the lattice constants of the binaries, resulting in strain-driven compositional variations within the film and consequently large potential fluctuations, in addition to that possibly caused by defects. However, carrier localization may suppress recombination through nonradiative channels, and thus, facilitate high-efficiency optoelectronic devices. To investigate potential fluctuations and localization in BexMgyZn(1-x-y)O films grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy, optical absorption and steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) measurements were performed. O-polar BexMgyZn(1-x-y)O samples grown on GaN templates with compositions up to x = 0.04 and y = 0.18 were used for timeresolved studies, and O-polar BexMgyZn(1-x-y)O samples grown on sapphire with compositions up to x = 0.19 and y = 0.52 were used for absorption measurements. From spectrally resolved PL transients, BeMgZnO samples with higher Mg/Be content ratio were found to exhibit smaller localization depth, Δ0=98 meV for Be0.04Mg0.17Zn0.79O and Δ0=173 meV for Be0.10Mg0.25Zn0.65O, compared to samples with smaller Mg/Be ratio, Δ0=268 meV for Be0.11Mg0.15Zn0.74O. Similar correlation is observed in temporal redshift of the PL peak position of 8 meV, 42 meV and 55 meV for Be0.04Mg0.17Zn0.79O, Be0.10Mg0.25Zn0.65O and Be0.11Mg0.15Zn0.74O, respectively, that originates from potential fluctuations and removal of band filling effect in the localized states. PL transients indicate that emission at low temperature is dominated by recombination of localized excitons, which exhibit decay times as long as τ = 0.36 ns at the peak position. The Sshaped behavior of PL peak with change in temperature was observed for the quaternary alloy Be0.04Mg0.17Zn0.79O. The degree of localization σ was determined to be 22 meV. Relatively high potential fluctuations and localization energy lead to a strong Stokes shift, which increased with bandgap reaching ~0.5 eV for O-polar BeMgZnO on sapphire with 4.6 eV absorption edge.
Prediction and Measurement of Payload Swing From Off-Centered Crane Lifts

When crane payloads are lifted off the ground, the payload may unexpectedly swing sideways. This occurs when the hoist cables are at an angle relative to vertical and the payload is not directly beneath the hoist. Because the hoist point is far above the payload, it is difficult for crane operators to know if the hoist cable is perfectly vertical before they start to lift the payload. Some amount of horizontal motion of the payload will always occur at lift off. If an off-centered lift results in significant horizontal motion, then it creates a hazard for the human operators, the payload, and the surrounding environment. This paper develops dynamic models of off-centered lifts and presents experimental verification of the theoretical predictions. To mitigate the detrimental effects of off-centered lifts, autonomous-centering solutions are proposed.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Inadvertent Intruder Analysis Input for Radiological Performance Assessments

This report describes and identifies input parameter values used for the hypothetical inadvertent intruder analyses for Radiological PAs at SRS. It is intended to describe and document the input parameters residing in the input file Intruder input of the intruder analysis application developed by Koffman (2004).
P53: "The Wall Watcher"

This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Bioelectrics Publications by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact digitalcommons@odu.edu. Repository Citation Barabutis, Nektarios and Catravas, John D., "P53: "The Wall Watcher"" (2015). Bioelectrics Publications. Paper 53. http://digitalcommons.odu.edu/bioelectrics_pubs/53
Polygenis martinezbaezi (Siphonaptera: Rhopalopsyllidae) reared from a rodent nest found in the Peloncillo Mountains of southwestern New Mexico.

A 3rd species of the flea genus Polygenis Jordan was added to the U.S. fauna by extension of known range from Mexico into New Mexico. Eleven males and 24 females of P. martinezbaezi Vargas were reared from a rodent nest, probably that of a yellow-nosed cotton rat, Sigmodon ochrognathus Bailey.
Failure Identification Methodology for Woven Composites Incorporating Sensor Degradation

The long-term goal of this project is the development of embedded, optimally distributed, multi-scale sensing methodologies that can be integrated into material systems for failure identification in structural systems. The coupling of sensor data fusion with a three-dimensional predictive framework will provide insight and understanding of events that are difficult, if not impossible, in any experimental study, such as subsurface damage and crack nucleation in structural systems. The current work presents an experimental study of the survivability and degradation behavior of an optical fiber Bragg grating sensor, surface mounted on a woven fiber composite material system during multiple low velocity impacts. The results reveal that as sensor degradation occurs, additional coupling phenomena other than Bragg reflection are observed in the grating sensor. From these additional modes, information on the sensor/host bond and fiber degradation is obtained.© 2004 ASME
The Effects of Financial Aid on College Success of Two-Year Beginning Nontraditional Students

This study aims to understand the role of financial aid in college success of two-year beginning nontraditional students. By applying discrete time event history models with propensity score covariate adjustment to a nationally representative sample from BPS: 04/09, this study answers research questions centering around the effects of Pell Grants, subsidized student loans and unsubsidized student loans on six-year college outcomes of nontraditional students (i.e. degree attainment, system departure, and continuous enrollment without a degree). The results of this study suggest that these nontraditional students were most likely to drop out in the third college year and that all three types of financial aid appeared effective for reducing dropout risks, but not for encouraging timely degree completion. These findings have significant implications for policy and practice including the necessity for considering the complexity of nontraditional student pathways, backgrounds and unique needs when designing and implementing financial aid policy. The findings also contribute to discussions on ways to fund nontraditional students and provide recommendations for institutions serving large populations of nontraditional students to promote persistence to graduation.
Synthesis, characterization, and heterogeneous catalytic implementation of sulfated alumina nanoparticles. arene hydrogenation and olefin polymerization properties of supported organozirconium complexes

Sulfated alumina nanoparticles (n-AlS) have been prepared as a high-surface-area support/activator for organozirconium catalysts. The large external surface area allows chemisorption of ca. 3 times more organozirconium catalyst per square nanometer than previously possible on bulk sulfated alumina. It is found that Cp*ZrMe2/n-AlS (Cp* = η5-(CH3)5C5, Me = CH3) and ZrBz3/n-AlS (Bz = CH2C6H5) are active catalysts for arene hydrogenation as well as for olefin polymerizations. The less sterically encumbered ZrBz3/n-AlS exhibits higher polymerization activity and a greater arene hydrogenation turnover frequency than the slightly more encumbered Cp*ZrMe2/n-AlS. Catalyst ZrBz3/n-AlS also displays a larger tolerance for sterically demanding hydrogenation substrates as well as increased 1-hexene incorporation in ethylene/1-hexene copolymerizations.
Reformation and switchover of process computer in the No 1 Steelmaking Plant of Baosteel

The process control computer in the No 1 Steelmaking Plant of Baosteel is reformed with electric system and instruments together. The advanced computer integrated technique, network gateway and communication technique are adopted in the new system. The switchover between the new system and the old one is successfully achieved at one time.
The Phonetic Harmony in Collected Commends on the Odes (诗集传)

The phonetic harmony in Collected Commends on the Odes (诗集传) was ancient sounds in Zhu Xi's view. Investigating the rhyming of Collected Commends on the Odes (诗集传) comprehensively, the author got rid of the rhyme of Zhu Xi's times by phonetic harmony and found out that Zhu Xi s ancient thyme categories has 13 stretch syllable rhymes categories (Each contains level, rising, and falling tone) and entering tone categories. In addition, the author probed into Zhu Xi' s thought about ancient Chinese rhymes by rhyme characters and phonetic harmony
Rising Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus Infections in Hospitalized Children in the United States.

OBJECTIVE: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) is an emerging drug-resistant organism responsible for increasing numbers of nosocomial infections in adults. Few data are available on the epidemiology and impact of VRE infections in children. We hypothesized a significant increase in VRE infections among hospitalized children. Additionally, we predicted that VRE infection would be associated with certain comorbid conditions and increased duration and cost of hospitalization. METHODS: A retrospective study of inpatient pediatric patients was performed using data on hospitalizations for VRE from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids’ Inpatient Database from 1997 to 2012. We used a multivariable logistic regression model to establish factors associated with VRE infection and a high-dimensional propensity score match to evaluate death, length of stay, and cost of hospitalization. RESULTS: Hospitalizations for VRE infection showed an increasing trend, from 53 hospitalizations per million in 1997 to 120 in 2012 (P CONCLUSIONS: VRE infections among hospitalized children are increasing at a substantial rate. This study demonstrates the significant impact of VRE on the health of pediatric patients and highlights the importance of strict adherence to existing infection control policies and VRE surveillance in certain high-risk pediatric populations.
Endometrial ablation: considerations and complications.

Purpose of review The purpose of the review is to update the reader on endometrial ablation as a treatment for abnormal uterine bleeding, including modifications to initial treatment guidelines and current data on long-term outcomes. Recent findings Endometrial ablation continues to be a successful treatment for abnormal uterine bleeding, with new indications potentially forthcoming. Patient selection is key, as certain patient groups are at increased risk for ablation failure and complications. Summary Gynecologists should continue to offer this treatment to appropriate patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, with adequate counseling regarding anticipated success rates, factors associated with failure, alternative treatments, and long-term consequences related to ablation.
Incorporation of weighted linear prediction technique and M/M/1 Queuing Theory for improving energy efficiency of Cloud computing datacenters

Cloud computing refers to the services supplied over the internet and the hardware and software that delivers such services. It has the capability to cover a large part of the IT industry and make software even more appealing as a service. It can also reshape how IT hardware is designed and acquired. Nevertheless, datacenters that offer cloud applications consumes a large amount of power which can substantially increase operational costs. As technology is evolving and growing at a rapid pace, more people are dependent on technology and utilizing the cloud. There's a larger demand to extend the platforms needed to improve the development of Cloud computing. As a result, in parallel with this development of infrastructure, there has also been a great deal of attention paid to energy consumption in cloud computing technology. This research will report on incorporating weighted linear prediction technique and M/M/1 Queuing Theory for enhancing the energy efficiency of cloud data centers. The goal is to simulate the effect of various workloads on energy consumption of the cloud system using CloudSim or similar software.
Routine fecal occult blood testing does not predict necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight neonates.

Objective To determine sensitivity, specificity, predictive value of routine fecal occult blood (FOB) testing on the identification of Bell's Stage II or III necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods Retrospective medical record review of VLBW infants from 2012- 2013 evaluating FOB results and clinical and demographic risk factors. We determined predictive values of positive FOB testing within 48 hours of definite NEC diagnosis. We performed logistic regression analyses for predictors of NEC and for predictors of having positive FOB during NICU admission. Results The incidence of NEC in our cohort of 203 infants was 3.9% (n = 8). None had positive FOB results within 48 hours of diagnosis, and only 12.5% had any positive FOB within 7 days. Sensitivity of positive FOB for predicting definite NEC = 0%, specificity = 34.4%, and positive predictive value = 0%. A majority of VLBWs (67.0%) had > one positive FOB result during their NICU course. On logistic regression, intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) infants had significantly higher odds of both developing NEC and of having positive FOB. Positive FOB was not a significant predictor of NEC. Those with lower birth gestational ages had higher odds of positive FOB. Conclusions Positive FOB testing occurred in a majority of VLBW infants, with higher odds in the more preterm and IUGR. However, the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of routine FOB testing for identifying NEC were all very poor. Our data demonstrates that this test offers no advantages in the early diagnosis of NEC.
The Forum Selection Clause: A Tale of Two Concepts

This article posits that lack of discussion is a principal reason why the parameters of the forum selection clause remain ill-defined, and that the struggle to construct a standard for enforcement has proven difficult. Part I briefly explains the two contexts in which a forum selection clause can arise. Parts II - VI examine the Court's consideration of a standard for enforcement using the Supreme Court's three pronouncements on the topic in the Bremen v. Zapata Off-shore Co., Stewart v. Ricoh Corp., and Carnival Cruise Lines v. Shute decisions. Part VII discusses the narrow conceptual view reflected in the approach of Stewart; the forum selection clause should be treated as just one factor in determining where venue should lie. Part VII also briefly discusses the calls for legislative reform, by arguing that the preferred mechanism for reform is to recognize the standard for enforcement of Stewart. Moreover, if legislative reform is necessary, adhering to the principle that less is more, this article proposes legislative reform in terms of a minor revision to 28 U.S.C. § 1391, the federal venue statute and to 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a), the transfer of venue statute.
Identification of Missing Dynamics in Rotor Systems Using Robust Control Theory Approach

Analytical models only approximate the true dynamics of analyzed rotating machines, due to the presence of components that are inherently difficult to model. Such models of rotating machines are driven by the best engineering knowledge and experience, and very often are updated based on experimental results. The problem of un-modeled or missing dynamics can be exacerbated in the presence of rotor structural damage such as a transverse crack on a shaft. This paper will present an effective approach for model updating using advanced tools developed in the robust control theory, specifically μ-synthesis. The methodology will be applied to the identification of minute changes in the dynamics of the rotor due to the presence of a transverse crack on a shaft. Experimental data collected from the cracked rotor rig will be utilized to validate the developed approach.
Children's eye-fixations on google search results

We investigate how children in grades 6 and 8 (ages 11 and 13, respectively) read search engine results pages (SERPs) in the context of searching Google. We use eye-tracking to detect children's reading of SERPs, and the effect of grade level and task type on reading behaviors and interactions. We have created a web search interface that retrieved data in the background from Google search engine. Preliminary findings show a significant difference in the number of reading fixations by grade level. Grade level or age had a more significant effect on reading behaviors, fixations, first result rank, and interactions with SERPs than task type. Findings and future work are discussed.
Exposing Bluetooth lower layers for IoT communication

Internet of Things (IoT), penetrating through our daily life, is looking to minimize the overhead in all of its modules. Bluetooth shows up as an efficient candidate to handle the communication part. In this work, we propose BOSS: a Bluetooth Open Source Stack, which grants developers access to low level Bluetooth layers. Bluetooth firmware is currently a black box controlled by manufacturers without no possible was to get access to its modules, let alone modifying them like other IEEE standards, e.g., Wi-Fi. This negates the efficient nature IoT systems should have. We design and implement BOSS to adhere with Bluetooth standards while providing the community with a reliable open source version of the Bluetooth stack. In this work, we present the challenges to realize the unique Bluetooth features and how to address them, in addition to implementing two basic features, i.e., peer location and packet transmission.
Stress Response: Neural and Feedback Regulation of the HPA Axis

The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is essential for adaptation to environmental or homeostatic challenge. Activation of the HPA axis is controlled by neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), which coordinate responses to real or perceived threats to homeostasis. Output of the PVN is integrated by interactions among homeostatic regulatory circuits and upstream limbic structures such as the medial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. The duration of the HPA axis stress response is limited by both neuronal and humoral feedback, the latter mediated by glucocorticoid signaling at multiple brain sites.
The Molecular Revolution in Cutaneous Biology: The Era of Genome-Wide Association Studies and Statistical, Big Data, and Computational Topics

The investigation of biological systems involving all organs of the body including the skin is in an era of big data. This requires heavy-duty computational tools, and novel statistical methods. Microarrays have allowed the interrogation of thousands of common genetic markers in thousands of individuals from the same population (termed genome wide association studies or GWAS) to reveal common variation associated with disease or phenotype. These markers are usually single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are relatively common in the population. In the case of dermatological diseases such as alopecia areata, vitiligo, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, common variants have been identified that are associated with disease, and these provide insights into biological pathways and reveal possible novel drug targets. Other skin phenotypes such as acne, color and skin cancers are also being investigated with GWAS. Analyses of such large GWAS datasets require a consideration of a number of statistical issues including the testing of multiple markers, population substructure, and ultimately a requirement for replication. There are also issues regarding the missing heritability of disease that cannot be entirely explained with current GWAS approaches. Next generation sequencing technologies such as exome and genome sequencing of similar patient cohorts will reveal additional variants contributing to disease susceptibility. However, the data generated with these approaches will be orders of magnitude greater than that those generated with arrays, with concomitant challenges in the identification of disease causing variants.
“Face-to-Face”: Open Secularism and the Politics of Display in Quebec’s Bouchard-Taylor Commission

In 2007 , after a series of reported intercultural crises in Quebec, Canada, the provincial government appointed a commission. Its task was to research and recommend best practices for negotiating religious and cultural differences. The Commission’s focal point was a strategy often favoured by proponents of liberal democracy : public consultation, enacted in ‘live’, face-to-face dialogue. This chapter interprets public dialogue as liberal democratic performance, and assesses its relationship to the Commission’s outcomes. It argues that the Commission’s reception and its ultimate recommendation for ‘open secularism ’ reveal a tension between two repertoires: a repertoire of self-abstraction and a repertoire of embodied immediacy.
Insights into the Antecedents of Fast-Food Purchase Intention and the Relative Positioning of Quality

This research develops and tests a theoretical framework that posits and examines factors affecting purchase intention in the fast-food industry. This study proposes a research model and investigat...
Imaging methods for detection of joint degeneration

Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of joint disease, affecting over 33% of people over 65 years old. The patho-physiology of OA is complex and manifested by changes at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. High resolution, three-dimensional (3D) imaging methods provide the opportunity to quantitatively assess changes in the morphology and composition of multiple articular joint tissues in small animal models. Two of the main imaging modalities used in research to examine articular tissue changes are magnetic resonance imaging MRI and micro-computed tomography (μCT). MRI is the clinical gold standard for assessment of joint inflammation and damage associated with arthritis. μCT imaging, which relies on a material’s ability to attenuate X-rays, provides very high resolution 3D images and increased contrast between bone and soft tissue. This chapter explains in detail the uses and limitations of MRI and μCT with respect to imaging cartilage in OA. Other imaging modalities, such as ultrasound imaging, vascular imaging, reactive oxygen species imaging, two-photon laser scanning microscopy and atomic force microscopy, are also discussed.
Design of a Self-Regulated Drug Delivery Device

Most conventional drug delivery systems are based on polymers or lipid vesicles. These chemically synthesized materials can be designed to be biocompatible and have good functionality, but they often lack well-defined properties, due to an inherent size and structure distribution resulting from chemical synthesis. On the other hand, micro-fabrication technology developed for microelectronic applications is capable of mechanically creating devices with more precisely defined features, in a size range similar to polymeric and lipid materials. In this paper, we describe the design of a self-regulated drug delivery device based on the integration of both mechanical and chemical methods. In this device, a constant release rate can be achieved by carefully designing the shape of the drug reservoir, while a pH-sensitive hydrogel switch is used to regulate the drug release.
Database Design Support: An Empirical Investigation of Perceptions and Performance

Although the success of large DB design in companies is, in part, dependent on the performance of information systems (IS) professionals, research on their performance, preferences, and perceptions is sparse. This article contributes by reporting the results of an experiment performed with senior-level MIS students who served as surrogates for IS professionals. The results of the study indicate that the semantic-object (top-down) approach is perceived as superior to the data-element (bottom up) approach in information modeling, task execution, and comprehensibility. Personal perceptions and task execution were influenced by training, task complexity, and selected methodology. The subjects perceived relationship specification as a major factor in performing design. This factor was also found to be the most difficult component in the experimental task. Additionally, the subjects did not like deriving relationships. The methodology chosen did not necessarily affect task execution but was more influential in determining the subjectâ€™s perceived job satisfaction. Recommendations are provided to MIS management based on these results.
The managerial relevance of ethical efficacy.

Being ethical is argued to be paramount for effective organizational functioning (Altman, 2005). Lately, however, it seems lost in a sea of corporate scandals and unethical business practices (e.g., WorldCom, Enron, Fannie Mae). Conventional economic wisdom suggests that being ethical produces too great of a burden on organizational agents because individuals are motivated by self-interest and swayed by market forces and competitive pressures (cf. Altman, 2005). In a context where innovation, risk-taking, and motivation for personal economic gain are the coinage of successful free enterprise, ethical considerations take a backseat. Consistent with this view, recent research suggests shady business practices have been downgraded to “efficient corruption” and justified by bottom-line tactics (Argandona, 2005; Fisman & Svensson, 2007; Mobley & Humphreys, 2006).
Mining actionable partial orders in collections of sequences

Mining frequent partial orders from a collection of sequences was introduced as an alternative to mining frequent sequential patterns in order to provide a more compact/understandable representation. The motivation was that a single partial order can represent the same ordering information between items in the collection as a set of sequential patterns (set of totally ordered sets of items). However, in practice, a discovered set of frequent partial orders is still too large for an effective usage. We address this problem by proposing a method for ranking partial orders with respect to significance that extends our previous work on ranking sequential patterns. In experiments, conducted on a collection of visits to a website of a multinational technology and consulting firm we show the applicability of our framework to discover partial orders of frequently visited webpages that can be actionable in optimizing effectiveness of web-based marketing.
Counterflow-Driven Textural Phase Transitions in Superfluid 3He-A1

We have studied second sound propagation through superftuid 3 He-A 1 filling a rectangular resonator equipped with 3 pairs of transducers. The $$\widehat l$$ $$\widehat l$$ -texture was manipulated using one transducer to drive an oscillatory counterflow while measuring the resonant response of an orthogonal transducer pair. We observed abrupt signal changes and hysteresis effects depending on drive frequencies and amplitudes. We analyzed our experiments by examining planar $$\widehat l$$ $$\widehat l$$ -textures strongly coupled to the linear second sound wave equation. Evidence of first-order phase transitions was obtained numerically. The results are qualitatively consistent with the experimental findings. Our physical intuition did not anticipate these striking discontinuous phenomena.
The Financial Analysts Journal Welcomes Its New Managing Editor

The Financial Analysts Journal welcomes Dr. Heidi Raubenheimer, CFA, as its managing editor and Head of Journal Publications at CFA Institute.
Administrative Leadership and Long-Term Technology: NASA and the International Space Station

Abstract How does a nation geared to short-term politics achieve technological goals that stretch over decades? That is a cardinal question of U.S. space policy. The International Space Station (ISS) provides an important case study. Known originally as Space Station Freedom, it was initiated in 1984 by President Ronald Reagan to project U.S. leadership and compete with the Soviet Union’s space station program. NASA subsequently brought in Europe, Japan, and Canada as partners. The Clinton-Gore Administration reinvented “Freedom” as the International Space Station in 1993, enlisting Russia as NASA’s post-Cold War senior partner. ISS construction was completed in 2011 under President Barack Obama, who extended its utilization period until 2024. President Donald Trump has proposed ending funding in 2025 in favor of commercial take-over. This article uses a policy history of the space station for insights about how NASA Administrators advanced or impeded this long-term program. It employs the concept of “relay leadership” to show how a leader moved this program from one state of evolution, and another continued it to the next point. To accomplish any future long-term technological program, such as a Moon base or mission to Mars, NASA will need to apply policy lessons from the ISS experience.
Abstract WP105: A Novel Mouse Model of Cerebellar Stroke With Hippocampal Deficits

Objective: Each year in the U.S. there are an estimated 20,000 strokes resulting in cerebellar infarction. The neurological impairments observed in these patients include motor coordination and mot...
Condensin II Counteracts Cohesin and RNA Polymerase II in the Establishment of 3D Chromatin Organization

Interaction domains in Drosophila chromosomes form by segregation of active and inactive chromatin in the absence of CTCF loops, but the role of transcription versus other architectural proteins in chromatin organization is unclear. Here, we find that positioning of RNAPII via transcription elongation is essential in the formation of gene loops, which in turn interact to form compartmental domains. Inhibition of transcription elongation or depletion of cohesin decreases gene looping and formation of active compartmental domains. In contrast, depletion of condensin II, which also localizes to active chromatin, causes increased gene looping, formation of compartmental domains, and stronger intra-chromosomal compartmental interactions. Condensin II has a similar role in maintaining inter-chromosomal interactions responsible for pairing between homologous chromosomes, whereas inhibition of transcription elongation or cohesin depletion has little effect on homolog pairing. The results suggest distinct roles for cohesin and condensin II in the establishment of 3D nuclear organization in Drosophila.
Rehabilitating the Injured/Ill Worker to Maximum Medical Improvement (MMI)

The concepts associated with work disability are not identical to those associated with medical disability. In addition to a worker's medical condition, the resultant functional limitations, and loss of participation in society, the injured or ill worker must often navigate a complex administrative system that often seems adversarial. This process is made less adversarial with the willingness to participate of knowledgeable clinicians. This article informs the interested clinician in regard to the unique aspects of work disability, including the issues of work accommodations, restrictions, and fitness for duty; prolonged work disability; and other return-to-work considerations at maximum medical improvement.
Dynamics Of Presynaptic Ca 2+ And Peptide Release In Bullfrog Sympathetic Ganglia

The release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) and its regulation by the presynaptic Ca2+ were studied in intact bullfrog sympathetic ganglia. I found that the total amount and the rate of LHRH release, measured by the total charge induced by LHRH release from the postsynaptic neurons, are governed by the firing frequency of the terminals. This frequency dependence is underlay by the dynamics of presynaptic Ca2+, monitored by fura-2 photometry from selectively filled terminals. LHRH release is linearly related to the time integral of presynaptic Ca2+ elevation above a threshold level. Furthermore, the time integral of presynaptic Ca2+ elevation was affected by the Ca2+ induced Ca2+ release from ryanodine sensitive store and the Ca2+ uptake by mitochondria. Thus, the dynamical interplay between Ca2+ influx through the voltage-gated Ca2+ channels at the plasma membrane and the Ca2+ released and sequestered by the intraterminal organelies determine the time course and total amount of LHRH release.
Divided Berlin and Cold War Aesthetics: Mediating the Wall in Literature and Film

The seeming permanence of the Berlin Wall and the spaces it separated during the Cold War placed unique demands on artistic mediations of the city’s material, geopolitical, and social opposition. T...
The Difficult Cholecystectomy

A number of conditions can be associated with increased difficulty of cholecystectomy. These include acute cholecystitis, severe chronic cholecystitis, Mirizzi syndrome, cirrhosis, and other non-gallbladder-related factors such as morbid obesity and extensive previous upper abdominal surgery. Preoperative recognition and awareness as well as modifications of technical strategies are important to a successful outcome and avoiding major complications in these patients. Percutaneous cholecystostomy tube drainage is an important option in patients with severe acute cholecystitis who are too high risk to undergo surgery. At operation, if it is not possible to obtain the critical view of safety, an operative bailout strategy should be considered such as surgical tube cholecystostomy, laparoscopic subtotal cholecystostomy, conversion to an open operation, or aborting the procedure. This chapter will review conditions that increase the difficulty of cholecystectomy and will highlight technical modifications one can employ to enhance the safety of cholecystectomy in these patients.
Screening for Harassment, Abuse, and Discrimination among Surgery Residents: An EAST Multicenter Trial:

Estimating the prevalence of harassment, verbal abuse, and discrimination among residents is difficult as events are often under-reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of discrimination and abuse among surgical residents using the HITS (Hurt, Insulted, Threatened with harm or Screamed at) screening tool. A multicenter, cross-sectional, survey-based study was conducted at five academic teaching hospitals. Of 310 residents, 76 (24.5%) completed the survey. The HITS screening tool was positive in 3.9 per cent. The most common forms of abuse included sexual harassment (28.9%), discrimination based on gender (15.7%), and discrimination based on ethnicity (7.9%). There was a positive correlation between individuals who reported gender discrimination and racial discrimination (r = 0.778, n = 13, P = 0.002). Individuals who experienced insults were more likely to experience physical threats (r = 0.437, n = 79, P < 0.001) or verbal abuse (r = 0.690, n = 79, P < 0.001). Discrimination and harassment among surgical residents in academic teaching hospitals across the United States is not uncommon. Further research is needed to determine the impact of these findings on resident attrition.
Engine-Out Emissions Characteristics of a Light Duty Vehicle Operating on a Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil Renewable Diesel

Author(s): McCaffery, Cavan; Karavalakis, Georgios; Durbin, Thomas; Jung, Heejung; Johnson, Kent
Paratesticular Cyst with Benign Epithelial Proliferation Arising from a Mesonephric Duct Remnant

A 65-year-old male presented with a cystic scrotal mass that fluctuated in size. The cyst was associated with aberrant epididymal tissue and was found to have benign epithelial proliferations, with immunohistochemistry supporting a mesonephric origin (GATA3, CD10, and WT1 positive). Clinical presentation, imaging, and pathologic findings are described.
Chapter 6 – Solid State

Solids are categorized as ionic, molecular, polycrystalline, covalent, metallic, and amorphous. Crystalline solids exhibit long-range order in the form of a lattice structure characterized by the three edges of a unit cell (a, b, and c) and the three angles relative to the axes of a Cartesian coordinate system (α, β, and γ). These parameters identify the 14 Bravais lattices associated with the crystal systems: cubic, tetragonal, orthorhombic, rhombohedral, hexagonal, monoclinic, and triclinic. In addition, the orientation of the lattice planes is identified by the Miller indices (hkl). Discussed in some detail with examples are metallic crystals (bismuth and iron pyrite), molecular crystals (sugar), covalent crystals (quartz, diamonds, and graphite), and amorphous solids (Silly Putty). The Law of Dulong and Petit for the heat capacities of solids is independent of temperature. This prediction is not what is observed in experiment as the temperature approaches absolute zero. The heat capacity also approaches zero in this temperature limit. Einstein showed in 1906 that if the vibration energy of the atoms in a solid were quantized at a single frequency, the heat capacity would exponentially decrease in the limit T → 0. In 1912 Debye extended the Einstein model to include a broad range of frequencies for phonon modes in a crystal. Adsorption of particles on a lattice is examined with simple one-dimensional lattice models. At one extreme only one adsorption layer is allowed. This is the well-known Langmuir model that is used in the interpretation of titration data. The other extreme is unlimited adsorption at any one site. This is the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller theory, known by the abbreviation B.E.T.
FlashKey:A High-Performance Flash Friendly Key-Value Store

Key-value stores (KVS) provide an efficient storage for increasing amounts of semi-structured or unstructured data generated by many applications. Most KVS in existence have been designed for hard-disk based storage where avoiding random accesses is crucial for good performance. Unfortunately, the resulting storage structures result in high read, write, and space amplifications when used on modern SSDs. In this paper, we introduce a KV store especially designed for SSDs, called FlashKey, and demonstrate that even as an initial implementation, it substantially outperforms the two most popular commercial KVS in existence, namely, Google’s LevelDB and Facebook’s RocksDB. In particular, we show that FlashKey achieves up to 85% improvement in average access latency, 2x improvement in tail latencies, and 12x improvement in write amplification, at comparable or better space-amplification. Furthermore, FlashKey can easily trade off space and write amplifications, thereby providing a new tuning knob that is difficult to implement in LevelDB and RocksDB.
5F 203-induced apoptosis involves oxidative stress and caspase activation in sensitive breast cancer cells

1448 2-(4-Amino-3-methylphenyl)-5-fluorobenzothiazole (5F 203) displays potent and selective anticancer activity against breast, ovarian and renal tumors and its lysylamide prodrug (Phortress, NSC 710305) has recently entered Phase I clinical trials in the United Kingdom. 5F 203 likely exhibits a unique mechanism of action, distinct from currently available anticancer drugs. It is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 to electrophilic species, which can form DNA adducts in sensitive breast cancer cells. In this study, we further investigated the mechanism of anticancer action for 5F 203 in estrogen receptor positive (T47D) and estrogen receptor negative (MDA-MB-468) breast cancer cell lines. We sought to determine the role reactive oxygen species (ROS) and caspases play in mediating 5F 203-induced cytotoxicity and cell death. 5F 203 induced an increase in ROS and altered glutathione levels in sensitive breast cancer cells leading to oxidative DNA damage. Pretreatment with the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) attenuated 5F 203-induced cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity was also partially reduced when cells were pretreated with the pancaspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk. 5F 203 activated caspases 3, 8 and 9 in a time-dependent manner suggesting that caspases are involved in 5F 203-induced cell death. These results suggest that the anticancer activity of 5F 203, in part, involves induction of intracellular ROS and caspase-mediated cell death in MDA-MB-468 and T47D breast cancer cells. Estrogen receptor status does not appear to determine the ability of 5F 203 to induce oxidative stress and caspase-mediated cell death in sensitive breast cancer cells.
Can Self-Replicating Species Flourish in the Interior of a Star?

The existing view of biological life is that it evolves under suitable conditions in the low-temperature world of atoms and molecules on the surface of a planet. It is believed that any plausible extraterrestrial form of life must resemble the life on Earth that is ruled by biochemistry of nucleic acids, proteins, and sugars. Going against this dogma, we argue that an advanced form of life based upon short-lived species can exist inside main-sequence stars like our Sun.
Designing justice? Race and the limits of recognition in greater Miami resilience planning

Abstract This paper explores the relation between resilience, justice and recognition through a case study of resilience planning in the Greater Miami Region. Greater Miami resilience plans, prepared through the Rockefeller Foundation’s 100 Resilient Cities program, have foregrounded equity as a cross-cutting theme – a surprising move given the region’s history of anti-Black violence, segregation, and racially exclusionary governance, and the recent focus of resilience-building initiatives on sustaining property values. Bringing together literatures on resilience and justice, recognition, critical race theory, and design theory, we ask how Miami resilience initiatives extend the structures of anti-Black violence through efforts to address the region’s extreme racial and economic inequalities in the name of equity and shore up the regional economy against complex socio-ecological shocks and stressors. Our analysis details how Miami’s resilience-building efforts are uneasily situated across at least two distinct styles of recognition. On the one hand, contextually-specific norms of recognition shaped through the region’s history of racial capitalism valorize the security of Miami’s racialized real estate markets. On the other hand, design-driven resilience planning initiatives valorize diverse forms of knowledge on racially uneven development for the pragmatic utility they offer planners and professionals seeking holistic solutions to complex socio-ecological problems. While designerly approaches to resilience-building have created new possibilities for incorporating equity concerns (promoted by local social and climate justice organizations) into decision-making processes, they ultimately fail to unsettle the libidinal economy of dehumanizing anti-Black violence that continues to structure who can author(ize) what a resilient Miami might become.