cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
MANAGEMENT OF DEPRESSION IN THE OUTPATIENT OFFICE

Current practice suggests that primary care physicians are in the best position to identify initially and treat depression in the ambulatory setting. Educating primary care physicians about depression is essential for identifying and adequately caring for depressed patients. Depression is commonly seen and easily treated in primary care settings. A structured, consistent approach to the depressed patient is essential and should include patient education; eliciting information about symptoms; clinical observation about the examination; a history of previous psychiatric episodes; family history of affective disorders; history from relatives, other providers, or other clinics if necessary; aggressive use of medication alone or in combination with psychotherapeutic techniques; and appropriate referral. Depression is associated with significant suffering and disability and increased utilization of health care services. Depressed patients can present with a variety of somatic and cognitive symptoms. Primary care physicians should be alert for denial and minimization of symptoms as well as for the presence of stigmatization. The biologic, psychological, and social aspects of depression should be expanded on as needed according to the patient's illness beliefs. A medical model such as that used for explaining diabetes or coronary artery disease may be useful. Primary care physicians miss the diagnosis of depression in as any as two out of three cases, and when the diagnosis is made, patients are often undertreated and given antidepressants at subtherapeutic dosages and for only short periods of time. Treatment of depression can be extremely satisfying and gratifying for patients and physicians, who need to have a high index of suspicion for depression. All antidepressants have the same efficacy, and the selection is based primarily on their side-effect profile. The new generation of antidepressants are better tolerated, relieve symptoms of depression, improve the quality of life, and probably improve morbidity and mortality. In many cases, depression is chronic and recurrent, and treatment should be long-term to prevent relapses. As with other chronic diseases, if a patient requires treatment that the primary care provider cannot render alone, it needs to be coordinated. In particular, consultants may need to be called in for psychotherapy. Primary care physicians should feel confident that, given enough time and cooperation, they can almost always find a treatment regimen that succeeds in alleviating and perhaps preventing the great suffering and risk occasioned by depression in medically ill ambulatory patients.
CEO Pay and Firm Dynamics, Asymmetries, and Alternative Performance Measures

This study explores the dynamic structure of the pay-for- performance relationship in CEO compensation and quantifies the effect of introducing a more complex model of firm financial performance on the estimated performance sensitivity of executive pay. The results suggest that current compensation responds to past performance outcomes, but that the effect decays considerably within two years. This contrasts sharply with models of infinitely persistent performance effects implicitly assumed in much of the empirical compensation literature. We find that both accounting and market performance measures influence compensation and that the salary and bonus component of pay as well as total compensation have become more sensitive to firm financial performance over the past two decades. There is no evidence that boards fail to penalize CEOs for poor financial performance or reward them disproportionately well for good performance. Finally, the data suggest that boards may discount extreme performance outcomes--both high and low--relative to performance that lies within some "normal" band in setting compensation.
Methylated genes in breast cancer: Associations with clinical and histopathological features in a high risk cohort

2650 We compared associations of DNA methylation, together with clinical, histopathological and environmental exposure variables on breast cancer incidence, recurrence and progression. Over 100 hypermethylated genes have been described in breast cancer; yet, the nature and contribution of these genes in their methylated state to overall risk and prognosis is poorly characterized. Recent studies suggest however that specific gene methylation patterns are associated with distinct histopathological categories, raising the possibility that such patterns may have prognostic value. This study sought to further refine and expand these categories by quantifying methylation in breast tumor tissue, as compared to histologically normal breast tissue in a cohort of high risk women with and without a breast cancer history. Quantitative Multiplex-Methylation Specific PCR (QM-MSP) was used to assay methylation in 250 archival breast tissue samples obtained from a total of 147 independent cases and controls. Tissues were cut onto 5 µM sections on standard microscope slides. DNA was extracted from the slides and quantified for methylation using the highly sensitive and specific two color QM-MSP method. Descriptive statistics showed a comparable age distribution between cases and controls with approximately 2/3 of the women in both groups aged 49 or younger. Hormone receptor and lymph node status of the cases mirrored population data; 2/3 were estrogen/progesterone receptor positive, and 2/3 were lymph node negative at diagnosis. Two groups of preferentially methylated genes were identified; one was significantly higher in tumor tissues as compared to normal breast, while the second group of genes showed similar levels of methylation in healthy contralateral breasts or histologically normal tissues adjacent to tumors. Additionally, we report several novel positive associations between percent methylation of the APC, RASSF1A, TWIST, ERα, CDH1, and Cyclin D2 genes and key clinical features such as tumor stage, hormone receptor status, and whether there was recurrent or metastatic disease. These results suggest that DNA methylation of specific genes could be used as markers of risk or prognosis. If reproduced in specific populations across subsequent studies, such predictive profiles may better refine breast cancer subtypes and eventually be used to guide individualized screening, therapeutic, or prevention practices.
Noncontrast Cardiac CT for the Detection of Calcified Atherosclerosis

Noncontrast CT scanning of the chest accurately detects coronary artery calcium using multidetector CT techniques at low radiation exposure. Coronary artery calcium, quantitated using the validated area-density scoring method, is related to cardiovascular risk factors, and should be considered relative to age, gender, and ethnicity. The presence of coronary artery calcium augments the risk assessment for incident coronary heart disease independent of cardiovascular risk factors. Smaller and more diffusely distributed calcium deposits are also associated with increased cardiovascular risk, independent of the calcium score. Serial calcium scanning offers a potential method to monitor atherosclerotic risk, but more data is needed on the impact of serial imaging on cardiovascular management and outcomes.
Development and Implementation of Tele-Savvy for Dementia Caregivers: A Department of Veterans Affairs Clinical Demonstration Project

Purpose of the study To test fidelity and preliminary efficacy of Tele-Savvy, an internet-based version of the in-person, evidence-based psychoeducation Savvy Caregiver Program (SCP) for dementia caregivers. Tele-Savvy used synchronous (tele-conferences) and asynchronous components (video modules) to provide program access to caregivers in their homes. Design and methods SCP experts were surveyed to evaluate Tele-Savvy's fidelity to SCP. A convenience sample of 30 dementia caregivers from the Atlanta VA Medical Center enrolled in the Tele-Savvy clinical demonstration program. Twenty-two caregivers completed both pre- and postprogram evaluations, which included measures of caregiver stress and competence and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Results Expert review confirmed Tele-Savvy's fidelity with and, in certain domains, improvement on the original. Participants demonstrated moderately high initial levels of burden, anxiety, and depressive symptoms all of which decreased significantly postprogram in an intention to treat analysis. Similar reductions were seen in care recipients' BPSD and caregivers' reactions to them. Marginally significant increases in caregiver competence were observed. Caregiver and expert panel evaluations of program quality were enthusiastic. Implications An effective online caregiver psychoeducation program could provide greatly expanded access for caregivers who cannot attend in person for reasons of distance, transportation limitations, and caregiving responsibilities. Further testing in a controlled trial is needed to establish program efficacy.
Soviet Orientalism and the creation of Central Asian Nations

Bustanov’s academic acumen is already well known to many readers of Central Asian studies. He is the author of a growing number of books and articles in English, Russian and Tatar, including a volu...
Single-Molecule Force-Spectroscopy of Inner Ear Proteins

Inner-ear mechanotransduction relies on tip links, fine protein filaments made of cadherin-23 and protocadherin-15 that convey tension to mechanosensitive channels at the tips of hair-cell stereocilia. The tip-link cadherins are thought to form a heterotetrameric complex, with two cadherin-23 molecules forming the upper part of the filament and two protocadherin-15 molecules forming the lower end. The interaction between cadherin-23 and protocadherin-15 is mediated by their N-terminal tips. Missense mutations that modify the interaction interface impair binding and lead to deafness. Molecular dynamics simulations predict that the tip-link bond is mechanically strong enough to withstand forces in hair cells, but its experimentally determined strength is unknown. We have developed molecular tools to facilitate single-molecule force spectroscopy on the tip link bond. Self-assembling DNA nanoswitches are functionalized with the interacting tips of cadherin-23 and protocadherin-15 using the enzyme sortase under conditions that preserve protein function. These tip link nanoswitches are designed to provide a signature force-extension profile. This molecular signature allows us to identify single-molecule rupture events in pulling experiments.
Use and Evaluation of the Quick Test (QT): Partial Summary through October, 1979: II. Reviews, Theses, Unpublished Reports and Papers

40 references to the Quick Test in reviews, theses, and reports given at meetings are listed. These reports of use of the Quick Test originated from a literature search and replies to letters sent to 2,634 users of record in 1979.
Apolipoprotein A-IV acts in the brain to inhibit gastric emptying in the rat

We have very recently shown that intracisternal injection of apolipoprotein A-IV (apo A-IV), a glycoprotein produced in the small intestine by fat, dose-dependently inhibited gastric acid secretion in pylorus-ligated conscious rats. These results suggest that apo A-IV acts centrally as a neuromodulator to inhibit gastric secretion. The present study was carried out to examine the hypothesis that apo A-IV acts centrally to alter gastric emptying. Rats fasted 24 h received intracisternal injection of apo A-IV and a liquid meal by oral intubation under brief isoflurane anesthesia. Gastric emptying of a liquid meal was determined by the phenol red method. Intracisternal injection of apo A-IV inhibited gastric emptying of a liquid meal in a dose-dependent manner (1.0-4.0 micrograms). On the other hand, apo A-I in a dose of 4 micrograms failed to change gastric emptying. Gastric emptying was not altered by intraperitoneal administration of apo A-IV in a dose of 15 micrograms. These results suggest that apo A-IV acts centrally to delay gastric emptying of a liquid meal. Together with our recent finding that apo A-IV acts centrally to inhibit gastric acid secretion, the present study supports our hypothesis that apo A-IV may be involved in lipid-induced inhibition of gastric function.
Silent myocardial ischemia and its relationship to acute myocardial infarction.

This article indicates that silent myocardial ischemia has definite prognostic implications in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with coronary artery disease. Patients surviving an acute myocardial infarction are at a particularly high risk if they show evidence of myocardial disease. At present, many noninvasive diagnostic modalities are available for evaluation of symptomatic and silent myocardial ischemia in such patients. Because as many as 30 per cent of patients may become asymptomatic after myocardial infarction, physicians must be aggressive in evaluating their patients for the presence of silent myocardial ischemia. The presence of silent ischemia would help identify those patients at high risk of postinfarction complications. Future use of currently available therapeutic modalities directed toward treatment of total ischemic burden on the myocardium may help lower morbidity and mortality in these patients by reducing the risk of subsequent cardiac events.
Fracture and Frictional Mechanics: Theory

Fracture mechanics considers conditions for the onset, propagation, and arrest of shear and tensile ruptures. Because earthquakes can be thought of as elastodynamic shear instabilities, fracture mechanics forms the theoretical basis of earthquake seismology. Earthquake ruptures involve a number of mechanical processes, including yielding and material breakdown around the propagating rupture front, complex time-dependent evolution of friction on a slipping interface behind the rupture front, radiation of seismic waves, wear, communition, and heating of the fault zone material, etc. These processes are intrinsically coupled, and must be considered jointly. Recent theoretical, experimental, and field data suggest that fracture mechanics models assuming small-scale yielding and constant residual friction on a fault surface may not be an adequate theoretical description of earthquake ruptures. This is because the fault interface may undergo a continuous weakening with rapid slip (e.g., due to thermal effects), so that the effective displacement corresponding to fault weakening may (i) scale with the rupture length, and (ii) be non-negligible compared to the overall coseismic offset. Also, an assumption of inelastic yielding being confined to the slip plane is likely violated, especially at high rupture speeds approaching the shear wave velocity. It follows that the earthquake fracture energy is expected to scale with the rupture size, and may not be a negligible part of the earthquake energy budget, perhaps even for large earthquakes. In the presence of significant variations in dynamic friction during fault slip, a distinction between the fracture energy and the energy loss due to friction is not well defined. Both terms represent inelastic work done on a fault that is ultimately spent on fracturing, communition, and heating of the fault zone material. If the fracture energy is formally defined as work required to evolve friction from the maximum static level in the breakdown zone at the rupture front to the minimum dynamic level, a continuous dynamic weakening implies re-partitioning of the total inelastic work between the fracture energy and the ‘residual' frictional losses. Coseismic heating is one of the likely mechanisms that control the dynamic fault strength, and thus the stress drop and seismic radiation. The instantaneous along-fault temperature distribution is governed by the details of slip history, as well as the characteristic thickness and thermophysical properties of a slipping zone. Theoretical models that fully couple heat transfer, thermally-activated friction, elastodynamics, and off-fault damage are necessary for realistic simulations of earthquake ruptures.
Time out from Stress: Camp Program and Parenting Groups for Homeless Mothers

This paper describes a camp program for homeless families and parenting groups aimed at discussing issues related to parenting while homeless. In groups and individual interviews, the women shared stories about multiple problems that negatively impacted parent/child relationships and their ability to maintain employment and residential stability. These problems included domestic violence, sexual abuse, and substance abuse. Evaluation of the camp program indicated that services available in the community and those provided by shelters were limited and mothers often had difficulties utilizing services.
Issues of Empire, Contestation, and Hierarchy in the Globalization of Law

The essay takes a sociological approach to the narrative of progressive legalization -- the globalization of law. It sees the narrative itself as the product and stakes of imperial and professional competitions characterized by enduring hierarchies and structures of power. The essay begins by drawing on recent historical scholarship that focuses on the period prior to World War I. This work on a formative period effectively historicizes the narrative of progressive legality and introduces the issues that this essay addresses. The sociological approach that emerges – drawing on work co-authored with Yves Dezalay -- is related to various empirical and theoretical approaches to international law that are dominant in the literature today. The approach in this essay highlights issues of empire, hegemony, hierarchy, and contestation that are typically neglected in the literature on the globalization of law. The concluding part then highlights challenges to the progressive narrative that are not generally raised in the literature on the globalization of law.
How Voltage-Gated Cav1 L-Type Ca2+ Channels Meet the Needs of the Ribbonsynapse

Unlike the predominance of presynaptic Cav2 (P/Q- and N-type) Ca2+ channels most synapses, Cav1.3 and Cav1.4 L-type Ca2+ channels mediate exocytosis at ribbon synapses formed by inner hair cells in the cochlea and photoreceptors in the retina. Cav1.3 and Cav1.4 exhibit distinct biophysical properties from their Cav2 counterparts. At the ribbon synapse, Cav1.3 and Cav1.4 channels undergo little Ca2+-dependent inactivation, which helps support the sustained release of glutamate required for proper encoding of sensory information. This is accomplished by different forms of channel regulation in inner hair cells and photoreceptors, which are disrupted by mutations causing disorders of hearing and vision in humans. In addition to their exocytotic function, Cav1.4 channels also regulate the formation and maintenance of the photoreceptor synapse in ways that are in part, independent of their Ca2+ conducting function. Our results highlight the diverse mechanisms by which Cav1 channels have taken on their unique roles at sensory ribbon synapses.
Exploratory biomarker analyses from ECOG 4508: Three-arm randomized phase II study of carboplatin (C) and paclitaxel (P) in combination with cetuximab (CET), IMC-A12, or both for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (pts).

8106 Background: ECOG 4508 was a phase II study that randomized advanced NSCLC pts that were not candidates for bevacizumab to receive: C + P iv on day 1 every 3 wks with either CET iv weekly (arm ...
Demand for Recreational Fishing in the Long Island Sound: A Generalized Demand Approach

Recreational fishing in Long Island Sound has been thriving since 1998 and the proportion of recreational and sports fishing has steadily increased over two decades. It interrelates with the regional tourism and recreational sectors as well as its integration of sustainable coastal development with the greater economy. Given the significance of recreational fishing in the area’s economy, a generalized demand model is used to examine the demand for recreational fishing in the Long Island Sound. The model provides local policy makers with useful information on the sensitivity of fishing demand to changes in relative prices, and fishing in neighboring areas. Exact welfare variation measures are calculated for changes in price across the study areas. Results suggest that overall angler trips in the study areas are found to be own-price-inelastic, and only angler trips in NJ and RI are sensitive to the own-price change. Findings also suggest the average welfare jump by 9% due to an increase of 10% in the price of study areas.
Identification and characterization of small molecule inhibitors of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Abstract Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the etiological agent of PRRS, an economically significant disease of swine worldwide. PRRSV is poorly controlled by the currently available vaccines, and alternative control strategies are needed to help prevent the continual circulation of the virus. Previously, we developed a synthetic route for the natural compound atractylodinol and demonstrated anti-PRRSV activity in vitro . However, the synthetic route was inefficient and the yield was poor. To identify PRRSV inhibitors that could be synthesized easily and cost-effectively, we synthesized a series of atractylodinol analogs and characterized their anti-PRRSV activity in vitro . A furan-substituted bis-enyne subunit was found to be critical for PRRSV inhibition. Six analogs had potent inhibitory activity against PRRSV with 50% inhibition concentration (IC 50 ) of 0.4–1.4 μM and 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC 50 ) of 209–1537 μM in MARC-145 cells. Three of the most promising compounds also demonstrated significant antiviral activity and low cytotoxicity in porcine macrophages. Inhibition of PRRSV in MARC-145 cells occurred primarily at a post-entry step during PRRSV replication, between 4 and 12 h post-entry. These results suggest that atractylodinol analogs are promising antiviral candidates that could augment current PRRSV control strategies.
Drug-Free Macromolecular Therapeutics Induce Apoptosis via Calcium Influx and Mitochondrial Signaling Pathway

Recently, an innovative paradigm has been proposed in macromolecular therapeutics for treatment of B-cell lymphomas that can specifically kill cancer cells without a drug. The design rationale of this drug-free macromolecular therapeutic (DFMT) system is crosslinking the cell surface receptor to initiate apoptosis. However, how the apoptosis signal is triggered after receptor hyper-crosslinking remains to be elucidated. Here, two pathways, calcium influx dependent pathway and mitochondrial signal pathway, are identified to play major roles in triggering the programmed cell death. With the first step pretargeting and second step multiple binding, receptor hyper-crosslinking is achieved in a highly specific, time-dependent manner and largely mediated by multivalence. As a consequence, extracellular calcium influx is triggered, which subsequently decreases the mitochondrial membrane potential and induces apoptosis. The mitochondrial depolarization also stems from the Bcl-2 inhibition mediated by DFMT, followed by the cytochrome c release that activates caspase signaling. With the participation of the two-pronged mechanism, a programmed apoptosis is induced in response to DFMT treatment. The current findings can offer important implications to optimize the anti-CD20 strategies to treat B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
Analysis of Accessory Pudendal Artery Transection on Erections During Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy

Abstract Purpose: To compare the recovery of erections and potency following the transection of accessory pudendal arteries (APAs) in men undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) compared with men with normal vascular anatomy. Materials and Methods: A total of 880 consecutive patients who underwent RARP from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2014 were included with prospectively collected data in cross-sectional analysis. Erectile function (EF) was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-5, a percent erection fullness compared to preoperative status, and two Expanded Prostate Cancer Index (EPIC) questions: (1) are erections firm enough for penetration and (2) are they satisfactory? Results: Two hundred thirty-one (33.1%) men had APAs transected. There were no significant differences in baseline demographics or clinical characteristics in men with or without APAs transected. Multivariate analyses demonstrat...
Servant Leadership in Context

Servant leadership has been developed and applied in the midst of a very hot economic climate and in the context of an abundance of new leadership research in general. As a result, there are many new ideas to which to compare it for developing the fine nuances of the theory. However, the negative side is that it gets confused with other theories with some similarities. Nevertheless, this model of leadership is growing into new areas where it is followed in different contexts including businesses, education, agencies, and churches. Many organizations have developed success, while promoting and doing servant leadership on a broad scale. It is beginning to grow on a global scale, while researchers and practitioners are looking for new ways for this model to adapt to these new contexts. This model is becoming recognized as an effective model for leadership in many diverse contexts including global and business contexts. There is growing evidence for the effectiveness of this model of leadership. In addition, there is a growing need for more research and practical application of this model in the current context.
The Value of Capstone Projects to Participating Client Agencies

Many schools have experiential learning projects, often termed “capstones,” where students combine theory and practice for the benefit of an outside agency. New York University’s Robert F. Wagner G...
Fostering Entrepreneurship in the CIS Sandbox.

A fresh coat of paint and new furniture were the obvious external changes to an eleven-year-old computer lab at Bentley University when it was renovated in 2011. More difficult than changing the outward appearance of the room was changing the perceptions of what happens inside. The facility had a reputation of being a place where only students who needed help would go, and the role of assistants who worked there was limited to tutoring and maintaining equipment. This case study describes the transformation of a Computer Information Systems (CIS) department tutoring laboratory into a Learning and Technology Sandbox where student lab assistants are employed as staff of a startup company, whose responsibilities include not only tutoring, but managing the technology and business infrastructure, publicity, and day-to-day operations of the facility. Students who frequent the facility go for tutoring as well as to independently explore new technology. This study, which included both surveys and personal interviews of student workers and student attendees, suggests that through the use of web-based collaborative applications, social media, and a work environment that encourages exploration, the Sandbox has provided student workers with an opportunity to build skills as entrepreneurs, and changes the nature of what a computer lab can be for the students who frequent it.
A first look at the 21st Century: Census 2000

This paper examines the initial results from Census 2000. It focuses onpopulation growth and distribution, and the five populationcharacteristics from the 100-percent data: age, sex, Hispanic origin, race, and householdrelationship. It explores emerging trends within an historical and global context.
Hiroshima Bombing, Stress Effects of

From my systematic interviews with survivors of the atomic bomb in Hiroshima, I came to recognize four stages in their immersion in death: the immediate sea of death at the time of the bomb, the occurrence of often fatal symptoms of acute radiation effects, the delayed radiation effects over years including leukemia and many forms of cancer, and the development of a death-linked identity of a hibakusha or atomic-bomb survivor. Hiroshima and Nagasaki have special value to us in conveying a sense of nuclear actuality.
Mre11 complex links sister chromatids to promote repair of a collapsed replication fork

Collapsed replication forks, which are a major source of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), are repaired by sister chromatid recombination (SCR). The Mre11–Rad50–Nbs1 (MRN) protein complex, assisted by CtIP/Sae2/Ctp1, initiates SCR by nucleolytically resecting the single-ended DSB (seDSB) at the collapsed fork. The molecular architecture of the MRN intercomplex, in which zinc hooks at the apices of long Rad50 coiled-coils connect two Mre11 2 –Rad50 2 complexes, suggests that MRN also structurally assists SCR. Here, Rad50 ChIP assays in Schizosaccharomyces pombe show that MRN sequentially localizes with the seDSB and sister chromatid at a collapsed replication fork. Ctp1, which has multivalent DNA-binding and DNA-bridging activities, has the same DNA interaction pattern. Provision of an intrachromosomal repair template alleviates the nonnucleolytic requirement for MRN to repair the broken fork. Mutations of zinc-coordinating cysteines in the Rad50 hook severely impair SCR. These data suggest that the MRN complex facilitates SCR by linking the seDSB and sister chromatid.
Vladimir Voevodsky (1966-2017).

Mathematician who revolutionized algebraic geometry and computer proof. Mathematician who revolutionized algebraic geometry and computer proof.
Principia Amoris: The New Science of Love

Stereotypically, science and emotion are diametric opposites: one is cold and unfeeling, the other soft and nebulous; one is based on proven facts while the other is based on inexplicable feelings and “never the twain shall meet,” until now.John Gottman delves into the unquantifiable realm of love, armed with science and logic, and emerges with the knowledge that relationships can be not only understood, but also predicted as well. Based on research done at his Love Lab and other laboratories, Gottman has discovered that the future of love relationships can be predicted with a startling 91% success rate. These predictions can help couples to prevent disasters in their relationships, recognize the signs of a promising relationship, and perhaps more importantly, recognize the signs of a doomed one.Principia Amoris also introduces Love Equations, a mathematical modeling of relationships that helps understand predictions. Love Equations are powerful tools that can prevent relationship distress and heal ailing relationships. Readers learn about the various research and studies that were done to discover the science behind love, and are treated to a history of the people, ideas, and events that shaped our current understanding. They also learn about:• The “Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse”• 45 natural principles of love• 5 couple types• 5 recipes for good relationships• And much more!Just as science helped us to understand the physical world, it is helping us to understand the emotional world as well. Using the insights in this book, mental health professionals can meaningfully help their distressed clients, as well as better understand why a relationship is failing or succeeding. Appropriate for the curious non-mental health professional as well, Principia Amoris is a must-have on any bookshelf!
Statistical Models of Dengue Fever

We use Bayesian data analysis to predict dengue fever outbreaks and quantify the link between outbreaks and meteorological precursors tied to the breeding conditions of vector mosquitos. We use Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampling to estimate a seasonal Gaussian process modeling infection rate, and aperiodic basis coefficients for the rate of an “outbreak level” of infection beyond seasonal trends across two separate regions. We use this outbreak level to estimate an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model from which we extrapolate a forecast. We show that the resulting model has useful forecasting power in the 6–8 week range. The forecasts are not significantly more accurate with the inclusion of meteorological covariates than with infection trends alone.
Exploding the Fine Print: Designing Visual, Interactive, Consumer-Centric Contracts and Disclosures

In this chapter, we present new models for the presentation of contracting terms and interactions, based on user research and design work into consumer contracts. As more contracts become machine-readable, there is an open question of how people will actually interact with these computable contracts, so that they can effectively, efficiently, and meaningfully use them. At Stanford Legal Design Lab we went through several human-centered design cycles to generate new contract designs, gather qualitative feedback about them, and then propose guiding insights and new conceptual models for better consumer-facing legal communications. This initial study led to key principles, models, and patterns that demonstrate how consumer contracts can be more comprehensible, engaging, and effective. Following on this qualitative design research, we then conducted more structured, qualitative evaluations of the new contract interface models that we had designed. We did a comparative study of how users engaged with and used different interface models to determine which ones were most effective. Effectiveness is judged on several criteria: the ability to engage the attention and actions of the user, the ability to help the user comprehend the content that it is communicating, and the ability to help the user make a decision that fits with his or her own preferences and needs. This study can serve all those interested in improving disclosures, terms of service, privacy policies, and various other forms of business-to-consumer contracts. It provides empirical research on new models for communicating complex terms and conditions to lay people. It bridges the literature of contract design for improved usability and outcomes, behavioral economics’ concern for choice engines and decision making, legal scholarship on the effectiveness of disclosure as a regulatory mechanism, and HCI research on how best to engage users and help them navigate systems.
Primary axillary venous aneurysm in a young patient presenting with cardiac arrest.

Abstract Primary venous aneurysms are rare and usually asymptomatic. Venous aneurysms are manifested more frequently in the lower extremities than in the upper extremities. Primary venous aneurysms of the upper extremities are more often reported as aesthetically displeasing bulges or incidental findings. Here, we report the rare case of an axillary primary venous aneurysm in a pediatric patient who presented with syncope and massive pulmonary embolism and highlight the management.
Moral reasoning in peer conversations during game-based learning: An exploratory study

This mixed-methods study is an exploration of fifth and sixth grade students’ interactions with an online game called Quandary, a comic-book-esque game aimed at stimulating ethical decision-making....
Mother and Infant Predictors of Rapid Infant Weight Gain

Objective. To examine characteristics of the infant and mother associated with rapid infant weight gain (RIWG). Methods. Electronic health records (N = 4626) of term infants born were reviewed. Mul...
Analysis of Structural Control Robustness: Reliability Methods

In recent years, structural control for civil engineering applications has made remarkable progress toward practical implementation (see, for example, Soong,1 Housner and Masri,2 ATC-173). The goal of much of this research is to increase the reliability of these structures against dynamic loadings caused by severe earthquakes and strong winds. A framework within which this design goal can be achieved does not seem to be available.
Barrier Enclosure during Endotracheal Intubation

Protective Shield for Intubation A four-sided plexiglass box with access holes for an operator was used to provide additional protection for an operator performing intubation. The box reduced the a...
Isolation of Naturally Occurring Enteroviruses from a Variety of Shellfish Species Residing in Long Island and New Jersey Marine Embayments

Shellfish ( Crassostrea virginica and Mercenaria mercenaria ) and shellfish-raising waters from a variety of Long Island and New Jersey marine embayments were examined for the presence of human enteroviruses. Little difference in virological quality was noted between areas designated as being open or closed to shellfishing. Viral isolations could not be correlated with coliform counts from identical samples, indicating the need to re-evaluate the use of bacterial standards as indices of the overall sanitary quality of water and shellfish.
IoT Augmented Physical Scale Model of a Suburban Home

Green homes require informed energy management decisions. For instance, it is preferable that a comfortable internal temperature is achieved through natural, energy-efficient means such as opening doors or lowering shades as opposed to turning on the air conditioning. This requires the control agent to understand the complex system dynamics of the home: will opening the window raise or lower the temperature in this particular situation? Unfortunately, developing mathematical models of a suburban home situated in its natural environment is a significant challenge, while performing real-world experiments is costly, takes a long time and depends on external circumstances beyond the control of the experimenter. In this paper, we describe the architecture of a physical, small scale model of a suburban home and its immediate exterior environment. Specific scenarios can be enacted using Internet of Things (IoT) actuators that control the doors and windows. We use a suite of IoT sensors to collect data during the scenario. We use deep learning-based temporal regression models to make predictions about the impact of specific actions on the temperature and humidity in the home.
Inferring Patterns of Hybridization and Polyploidy in the Plant Genus Penstemon (Plantaginaceae)

Abstract Reticulate evolutionary events are hallmarks of plant phylogeny, and are increasingly recognized as common occurrences in other branches of the Tree of Life. However, inferring the evolutionary history of admixed lineages presents a difficult challenge for systematists due to genealogical discordance caused by both incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) and hybridization. Methods that accommodate both of these processes are continuing to be developed, but they often do not scale well to larger numbers of species. An additional complicating factor for many plant species is the occurrence of whole genome duplication (WGD), which can have various outcomes on the genealogical history of haplotypes sampled from the genome. In this study, we sought to investigate patterns of hybridization and WGD in two subsections from the genus Penstemon (Plantaginaceae; subsect. Humiles and Proceri), a speciose group of angiosperms that has rapidly radiated across North America. Species in subsect. Humiles and Proceri occur primarily in the Pacific Northwest of the United States, occupying habitats such as mesic, subalpine meadows, as well as more well-drained substrates at varying elevations. Ploidy levels in the subsections range from diploid to hexaploid, and it is hypothesized that most of the polyploids are hybrids (i.e., allopolyploids). To estimate phylogeny in these groups, we first developed a method for estimating quartet concordance factors (QCFs) from multiple sequences sampled per lineage, allowing us to model all haplotypes from a polyploid. QCFs represent the proportion of gene trees that support a particular species quartet relationship, and are used for species network estimation in the program SNaQ (Solis-Lemus & Ane. 2016. PLoS Genet. 12:e1005896). Using phased haplotypes for nuclear amplicons, we inferred species trees and networks for 38 taxa from P. subsect. Humiles and Proceri. Our phylogenetic analyses recovered two clades comprising a mix of taxa from both subsections, indicating that the current taxonomy for these groups is inconsistent with our estimates of phylogeny. In addition, there was little support for hypotheses regarding the formation of putative allopolyploid lineages. Overall, we found evidence for the effects of both ILS and admixture on the evolutionary history of these species, but were able to evaluate our taxonomic hypotheses despite high levels of gene tree discordance. Our method for estimating QCFs from multiple haplotypes also allowed us to include species of varying ploidy levels in our analyses, which we anticipate will help to facilitate estimation of species networks in other plant groups as well.
Development of a Communications Program to Support Care of Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients

A significant role of intensive care unit (ICU) workforce is ongoing communication with and support for families of critically ill patients. The COVID-19 pandemic has created unanticipated challenges to this essential function. Restrictions on visitors to hospitals and unprecedented clinical demands hamper traditional communication between ICU staff and patient families. In response to this challenge, we created a dedicated communications service to provide comprehensive support to families of COVID-19 patients, and to create capacity for our ICU teams to focus on patient care. In this brief report, we describe the development, implementation, and preliminary experience with the service.
Large-Nc Relations Among Isgur–Wise Functions

We investigate the relations that must hold among baryonic Isgur–Wise functions ηi in the large-Nc limit from unitarity constraints, and compare to those found by Chow using the Skyrme model [or SU(4)]. Given the exponential dropoff of the ηi away from threshold, unitarity requires only that the usual normalization conditions hold at w=1, and that η=η1 near threshold. Our results are consistent with, but less powerful than, the Skyrme model relations. This shows that large-Nc analyses comprise more than just unitarity constraints.
Massachusetts: Going to the Court House

The first recorded deeds, detailing land transactions between Puritan emigrants to Massachusetts and between those settlers and the Native peoples of New England agreements reflect a wide range of ideas about land within each community. While Puritan leaders claimed the land was terra nullius, it was clear that it was not, and uncertainty over their right to be on the land, as well as the need to make clear exact what rights of occupation and use they had led them to decide their new society needed a way for a public declaration of the status of land: recordation of deeds and other land rights documents by a town clerk or in the local court house. Native Americans, too, felt a need to do so, though this did not prevent their dispossession, as the land deeds of various Pennacook, Massachusett, and Wampanoag individuals makes clear.
Vasoactive-ventilation-renal score: a reliable prognostic index for perioperative outcomes following congenital heart surgery in adults.

Introduction: The number of adults requiring surgeries for CHD is increasing. We sought to evaluate the utility of the vasoactive-ventilation-renal (VVR) score as a predictor of prolonged length of stay in adults following CHD surgery. Methods: This is a retrospective review of 158 adult patients who underwent CHD surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass. VVR score was calculated upon arrival to ICU and every 6 hours for the first 48 hours post-operatively. Our primary outcome was prolonged length of stay defined as hospital length of stay greater than 75th percentile for the cohort (≥8 days). Results: The study cohort had a median age of 25.6 years (18–60 years), and 83 (52.5%) were male. The groups with and without prolonged length of stay were comparable in age, gender, race, and surgical severity score. VVR score was significantly higher at all time points in the group with prolonged length of stay. The first post-operative day peak VVR score ≥13 had a sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 75% for predicting prolonged length of stay (p = 0.0001). On regression analysis, peak VVR score during the first day was independently associated with prolonged length of stay. Conclusions: Peak VVR score during the first post-operative day was a strong predictor of prolonged length of stay in adults following CHD surgery.
Pressure Broadening and Shifting of Rotation and Rotation-Vibration Spectral Lines of HCL by Noble Gases

Shifts of the line positions of the 2-0 band of HCl perturbed by noble gases, first measured in 1960 [1,2], were later augmented [3-10] by measurements of linewidths and shifts in the pure rotational and rotation-vibration spectra. To explain the experimental results, several theoretical calculations were performed [11-18] that used primarily the Anderson-Tsao-Curnutte (ATC) theory [19,20]. Whereas qualitative agreement with experiment was obtained, the quantitative agreement was poor.
Morphological and genetic concordance of cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) diversification from western North America

The cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii (Richardson, 1836)) is one of the most widely distributed species of freshwater fish in western North America. Occupying a diverse range of habitats, they ...
Can feedback, correct, and incorrect worked examples improve numerical magnitude estimation precision?

We investigated whether three interventions – studying incorrect worked examples, studying correct worked examples, or receiving feedback – improved children’s 0–1,000 (Experiment 1) and adults’ 1 ...
Analysis of hematology and oncology fellowship website content and diversity representation

11004Background: Fellowship in hematology and oncology (HO) is widely sought after but lags behind all other internal medicine subspecialties in attracting applicants underrepresented in medicine (...
A Scenario-Based, Self-taught and Collaborative System for Human-Centered and Innovative Solutions

This article proposes a scenario-based, self-taught and collaborative system to assist an innovation team to perform design projects robustly. This system transforms the innovation process into a collection of screen-based storyboards consist of the facilitator, design method-induced tools, environment and activities. This system also includes: 1) a set of modular courses that follow the design process of start-adapt-evolve-conclude, based on narrative in Chinese literature, 2) a modular space that is constructed the same scene as in the storyboard, and 3) a quantitative and qualitative evaluation mechanism. Through this system, the innovation team can engage in the collaborative activities and innovate together seamlessly. This method has been used by nearly 100 persons, and the users’ evaluation feedback of the innovation output is exceedingly positive, and the evaluation mechanism also provides new insights for continuous improvemens. This modular system has been proven effective in helping design teams more freely use proper methods to explore different innovative touch points, and to further inquire more human-centered design realms in the future.
Philosophy dedisciplined

This essay offers a critique of disciplinary philosophy, the dominant form of academic philosophy in the United States and elsewhere across the twentieth century. It argues that disciplinary philosophy represents an aberration compared to the main tradition of two thousand years of Western philosophy. It describes the characteristics of a dedisciplined philosophy, and emphasizes that dedisciplining philosophy requires attention to be paid to the linked institutional and theoretical elements of philosophy. The essay bases its argument in part on the results of a survey sent to more than 500 philosophy departments across North America in the summer of 2010.