cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Using Childhood Memory Elicitation to Gain Insights into a Brand at a Crossroads: The In-N-Out Burger Situation

The regional In-N-Out burger chain is at a crossroads. With the passing of its matriarch, a new generation of owners is considering speeding up the company's growth, franchising the company, and expanding its product to a national audience. The question is, How will existing customers respond to the chain's expansion? In this context, the childhood memory elicitation method allows researchers to understand how consumers initially formed their relationships with a brand (or product). The age at which consumers formed a relationship with In-N-Out affects their view of the prospective expansion. Those who formed an early attachment were comfortable with expansion plans, but those who became attached as adolescents considered the expansion to be a violation of their view of the company as their trendy, exclusive club. The authors discuss the results specifically for the In-N-Out situation and more generally for other companies looking for methods or measurements to augment their research toolkit.
ACCEPTING THE STANDARDIZED PRECIPITATION INDEX: A CALCULATION ALGORITHM1

ABSTRACT: The Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) has been calculated for about 30 years as a means of providing a single measure of meteorological drought severity. It was intended to retrospectively look at wet and dry conditions using water balance techniques. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is a probability index that was developed to give a better representation of abnormal wetness and dryness than the Palmer indices. Before the user community will accept the SPI as an alternative to the Palmer indices, a standard method must be developed for computing the index. Standardization is necessary so that all users of the index will have a common basis for both spatial and temporal comparison of index values. If different probability distributions and models are used to describe an observed series of precipitation, then different SPI values may be obtained. This article describes the effect on the SPI values computed from different probability models as well as the effects on dry event characteristics. It is concluded that the Pearson Type III distribution is the “best” universal model, and that the reliability of the SPI is sample size dependent. It is also concluded that because of data limitations, SPIs with time scales longer than 24 months may be unreliable. An internet link is provided that will allow users to access Fortran 77 source code for calculating the SPI.
Liganded VDR induces CYP3A4 in small intestinal and colon cancer cells via DR3 and ER6 vitamin D responsive elements

Abstract The nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates the effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) to alter intestinal gene transcription and promote calcium absorption. Because 1,25D3 also exerts anti-cancer effects, we examined the efficacy of 1,25D3 to induce cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Exposure of human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29) to 10 −8 M 1,25D3 resulted in ⩾3-fold induction of CYP3A4 mRNA and protein as assessed by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Six vitamin D responsive element (VDRE)-like sequences in the promoter region of the CYP3A4 gene were then individually tested for their ability to enhance transcription. A canonical DR3-type element in the distal region of the promoter (-7719- GGGTCA gca AGTTCA -7733), and a proximal, non-classical everted repeat with a spacer of 6 bp (ER6; -169- TGAACT caaagg AGGTCA -152) were identified as functional VDREs in this CYP gene. These data suggest that 1,25D3-dependent, VDR-mediated induction of CYP3A4 may constitute a chemoprotective mechanism for detoxification of enteric xenobiotics and carcinogens.
Human biliverdin reductase-based peptides activate and inhibit glucose uptake through direct interaction with the kinase domain of insulin receptor

Insulin binding changes conformation of the insulin receptor kinase (IRK) domain and initiates glucose uptake through the insulin, IGF-1, phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and MAPK pathways; human biliverdin reductase (hBVR) is an IRK substrate and pathway effector. This is the first report on hBVR peptide-mediated IRK activation and conformational change. (290)KYCCSRK, which increased IRK V(max) without changing K(m), stimulated glucose uptake and potentiated insulin and IGF-1 stimulation in 4 cell lines. KYCCSRK in native hBVR was necessary for the hBVR and IRK cross-activation. Peptide treatment also activated PI3K downstream effectors, Akt and ERK, phosphorylation, and Elk transcriptional activity. In cells transfected with CMV-regulated EGFP-VP-peptide plasmid, C(292)→A mutant did not stimulate glucose uptake; K(296)→A decreased uptake and kinase activity. KEDQYMKMTV, corresponding to hBVR's SH2-binding domain, was a potent inhibitor of glucose uptake and IRK. The mechanism of action of peptides was examined using cells expressing IRK (aa 988-1263) activated by coexpressed KYCCSRK. Three active cys-mutants of IRK, with fluorophore coupled to cysteines, C(1056), C(1138), or C(1234), were examined for changes in fluorescence emission spectra in the presence of peptides. KYCCSRK and KEDQYMKMTV bound to different sites in IRK. The findings identify novel agents for activating or inhibiting insulin signaling and offer a new approach for treatment of type 2 diabetes and hypoglycemia.
STRESS AND ADAPTATION IN ORTHODOX JEWISH FAMILIES WITH A DISABLED CHILD

A four-year follow-up study of 82 religious families of children with disabilities revealed decreases in the negative impact of the child and increases in sibling and overall family adjustment. Parents reported various coping techniques and cited religion as a source of strength. Lack of time, behavior problems, and limited availability or use of professional assistance were continuing difficulties.
Accounting for the continuum in analysis of squeezing with solitons

Squeezing with solitons has been analyzed thoroughly both numerically and analytically. Here we extend the analysis of soliton squeezing to account for the continuum and address the issue of squeezing detection when using nonoptimal pulses.
Decentralized Pricing and Capacity Decisions in a Multitier System with Modular Assembly

We model a modular assembly system in which a final assembler outsources some of the assembly task to first-tier suppliers (subassemblers), who produce modules made up of multiple components. The assembler sets module prices it will pay to the subassemblers, the subassemblers set component prices they will pay to suppliers, and then all players choose how much capacity to install, with the minimum capacity choice determining system capacity. Finally, stochastic end-product demand is observed and all players produce (and are paid for) the same number of units-the minimum of demand and system capacity. We characterize equilibrium price and capacity choices, and then use that characterization to derive results regarding higher-level structural choices by the assembler-such as how to group components into modules and which suppliers to choose as subassemblers. We also compare performance of the system to a traditional assembly system with an assembler and suppliers but without subassemblers.
The measurement of windspeed gradient with low PRF radar

In determining a wind shear condition with pulse Doppler radar, it may not be necessary to estimate the absolute windspeeds in range cells but only the difference in average windspeeds between range cells, i.e. windspeed gradient. Generally the magnitude of the windspeed gradient will be substantially less than the absolute mean windspeed, even for high turbulence environments, thus making it possible to utilize low-PRF radar with its inherently good ranging capability. Simulated data representing weather radar returns are analyzed to demonstrate some of the potential and problems associated with estimating Doppler difference frequency using a reduced pulse repetition frequency (PRF). >
A solenoid-derived wiggler

A novel wiggler design for use in free-electron lasers (FELs) is proposed, consisting of a staggered array of magnetic poles situated inside the bore of a solenoid. The resultant field pattern consists of a periodic transverse magnetic field on axis, as well as a longitudinal guide field. Such a wiggler has several advantages: the longitudinal field acts to confine the electrons near the FEL axis, high fields can be attained at short wiggler periods, the field strength is easily varied, and fabrication and testing of the wiggler are relatively easy. It is planned to use this wiggler design in a far infrared FEL to be built at Stanford University. >
Informed consent documentation for lumbar puncture in the emergency department.

Introduction: Informed consent is a required process for procedures performed in the emergency department (ED), though it is not clear how often or adequately it is obtained by emergency physicians. Incomplete performance and documentation of informed consent can lead to patient complaints, medico-legal risk, and inadequate education for the patient/guardian about the procedure. We undertook this study to quantify the incidence of informed consent documentation in the ED setting for lumbar puncture (LP) and to compare rates between pediatric (<18 years) and adult patients. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed the ED electronic health records (EHR) for all patients who underwent successful LPs in 3 EDs between April 2010 and June 2012. Specific elements of informed consent documentation were reviewed. These elements included the presence of general ED and LP-specific consent forms, signatures of patient/guardian, witness, and physician, documentation of purpose, risks, benefits, alternatives, and explanation of the LP. We also reviewed the use of educational material about the LP and LP-specific discharge information. Results: Our cohort included 937 patients; 179 (19.1%) were pediatric. A signed general ED consent form was present in the EHR for 809 (86%) patients. A consent form for the LP was present for 524 (56%) patients, with signatures from 519 (99%) patients/guardians, 327 (62%) witnesses, and 349 (67%) physicians. Documentation rates in the EHR were as follows: purpose (698; 74%), risks (742; 79%), benefits (605; 65%), alternatives (635; 68%), and explanation for the LP (57; 6%). Educational material about the LP was not documented as having been given to any of the patients and LP-specific discharge information was documented as given to 21 (2%) patients. No significant differences were observed in the documentation of informed consent elements between pediatric and adult patients. Conclusion: General ED consent was obtained in the vast majority of patients, but use of a specific LP consent form and documentation of the elements of informed consent for LP in the ED were suboptimal, though comparable between pediatric and adult patients. There is significant opportunity for improvement in many aspects of documenting informed consent for LP in the ED. [West J Emerg Med. 2014;15(3):318–324.]
Relationship between intensity and relief in patients with acute severe pain.

Abstract Objective To test whether a single-category improvement on a Likert pain relief scale equals the minimum clinically significant difference of 1.3 units in pain intensity reduction on a 10-unit numerical rating scale (NRS). Methods Prospective cohort of adults with acute severe pain receiving standardized analgesia. Patients rated pain intensity via NRS before receiving morphine and 30 minutes later. Patients described pain relief as “none,” “a little,” “moderate,” “a lot,” or “complete.” The primary outcome was the difference in NRS scores between each contiguous pair of pain relief categories over 30 minutes. Results One hundred thirty-one patients, age range 21 to 65 years, median baseline NRS pain score 10 (interquartile range, 9-10). Patients whose relief was “complete,” “a lot,” “moderate,” “mild,” and “none” had the following NRS unit reductions in pain, respectively: 9, 5.7, 3.9, 2.1, and −0.1. The difference between each pair of relief categories was 3.3, 1.8, 1.8, and 2.2 units. Conclusion Each single-category improvement on a pain relief scale exceeds the minimum clinically significant difference in pain intensity as measured on an NRS.
Influence of Amorphous Layers on Performance of Nanocrystalline/Amorphous Superlattice Si Solar Cells

Nanocrystalline Si:H is an important material for solar cells. The electronic properties of the material depend critically upon the degree of crystallinity, the efficacy of passivation of the grain boundaries and concentration of impurities, particularly oxygen, in the material. In this paper, we examine different degrees of passivation of grain boundaries by amorphous Si, by deliberately introducing various thicknesses of amorphous tissue layers at the grain boundaries. The device structure consisted of a p+nn+ cell on stainless steel.The base n layer was fabricated using alternating layers of amorphous (a-Si) and crystalline (nc-Si) phases, creating a superlattice structure. The thicknesses of the amorphous and crystalline phases were varied to study their influence on structural and electrical properties such as grain size and diffusion length. We find that grains continued to be nucleate independently of the thickness of the amorphous layer, but the size of grains decreased when the thickness of the tissue layer became very large. We also find that as the thickness of the amorphous tissue layer increased, the quantum efficiency at 800 nm decreased and the open circuit voltage increased. For significant thickness of amorphous layer (>10nm), the transport properties degrade dramatically, causing an inflection in the I-V curve, probably because of difficulty of holes tunneling across the barriers.
Tensile and compressive behavior of gold and molybdenum single crystals at the nano-scale

In situ mechanical tests were carried out to measure the tensile behavior of single-crystalline face-centered cubic (fcc) gold (Au) and body-centered cubic (bcc) molybdenum (Mo) nano-pillars with diameters between 250 and 1 μm, and to compare this with the compression results of these materials at the equivalent sizes. In Au, we observed similar tensile and compressive flow stresses at 10% strain although strain-hardening in tension is somewhat more pronounced than it is in compression. In Mo, the amount of strain-hardening in tension is significantly lower than that in compression, leading to a distinct tension–compression asymmetry in the flow stress at ~5% strain. The dissimilarities between tensile and compressive behavior in both crystals are discussed in terms of sample geometry constraints and dislocation behavior in bcc crystals.
Causal Inference in Randomized Experiments

An observational study is an empiric investigation of treatment effects when random assignment to treatment or control is not feasible. Because observational studies are structured to resemble simple randomized experiments, an understanding of the role randomization plays in experiments is important as background. As a prelude to the discussion of observational studies in later chapters, the current chapter contains a brief review of the logic of causal inference in a randomized experiment. Only one simple case is discussed in detail, namely a randomized paired experiment in which subjects are paired before randomization and one subject in each pair is picked at random to receive treatment, the other receiving control. Although a foundation for later chapters, much of the material in this chapter is quite old, dating from Sir Ronald Fisher’s work in the 1920s and 1930s, and it is likely to be familiar from other contexts, such as a course in the design of experiments.
Rhythmic Effects of Syntax Processing in Music and Language

Music and language are human cognitive and neural functions that share many structural similarities. Past theories posit a sharing of neural resources between syntax processing in music and language (Patel, 2003), and a dynamic attention network that governs general temporal processing (Large and Jones, 1999). Both make predictions about music and language processing over time. Experiment 1 of this study investigates the relationship between rhythmic expectancy and musical and linguistic syntax in a reading time paradigm. Stimuli (adapted from Slevc et al., 2009) were sentences broken down into segments; each sentence segment was paired with a musical chord and presented at a fixed inter-onset interval. Linguistic syntax violations appeared in a garden-path design. During the critical region of the garden-path sentence, i.e., the particular segment in which the syntactic unexpectedness was processed, expectancy violations for language, music, and rhythm were each independently manipulated: musical expectation was manipulated by presenting out-of-key chords and rhythmic expectancy was manipulated by perturbing the fixed inter-onset interval such that the sentence segments and musical chords appeared either early or late. Reading times were recorded for each sentence segment and compared for linguistic, musical, and rhythmic expectancy. Results showed main effects of rhythmic expectancy and linguistic syntax expectancy on reading time. There was also an effect of rhythm on the interaction between musical and linguistic syntax: effects of violations in musical and linguistic syntax showed significant interaction only during rhythmically expected trials. To test the effects of our experimental design on rhythmic and linguistic expectancies, independently of musical syntax, Experiment 2 used the same experimental paradigm, but the musical factor was eliminated-linguistic stimuli were simply presented silently, and rhythmic expectancy was manipulated at the critical region. Experiment 2 replicated effects of rhythm and language, without an interaction. Together, results suggest that the interaction of music and language syntax processing depends on rhythmic expectancy, and support a merging of theories of music and language syntax processing with dynamic models of attentional entrainment.
Cognitive Function and Absence Epilepsy

Researchers at the University of Rome, Italy studied executive function and attention in 15 children with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) (8 boys, 7 girls), under treatment with valproic acid, compared to healthy controls.
Qos assurance and control of large scale distributed component based systems

Large scale distributed component based applications provide a number of different services to its clients. Such applications normally serve huge number of concurrent clients and need to provide a decent Quality of Service (QoS). A deployment domain composed of several machines are used to host these applications. The application components are distributed across the machines and communicate among themselves. An important objective of the owner of such a deployment will be to handle as much clients as possible during any given time which will obviously maximize the revenue earned. But this also needs to be done by keeping the costs down and also by providing every customer a minimum amount of QoS. The cost can be reduced by minimizing the number of machines used and using less power. This thesis works towards a solution to the above and comes up with novel application component placement heuristics which makes sure that the overall resources of the domain is utilized in the best possible way. The intuition behind this work is that components are the smallest elements of an application from the perspective of resource usage. By distributing the components in a judicious way across the machines, it is possible to ensure that a minimum of resources is wasted. The work presented here uses a three phase strategy to come up with a solution. In the first phase, the component resource requirement is identified using profiling and workload modeling techniques. In the second phase detailed performance estimation of the application is carried out using analytical methods. In the third and final phase heuristics are proposed which uses the component resource requirement and the performance estimation methods to come up with placing the components across the machines. It ensures that such a placement will waste the least of resources. In the final part of this work, it applies this work in the context of modern data center planning. The most important challenge in modern day data centers is to support large customer bases with high expectation of performance. The incoming workload to the application is highly varying with periodic increase and decrease of workload. If resources are allocated for average workload then performance suffers during peak workload while planning for peak workload keeps resources idle during less workload. Cloud computing is an emerging trend which allows the elastic configuration of resources where machines can be acquired and released on the go. This work proposes a dynamic capacity planning framework for cost minimization based on a look ahead control algorithm which combines performance modeling, workload forecasting and cost optimization to plan for resource allocation in a dynamic environment. The results show how the resources can be allocated just-in-time with workload fluctuations. The dissertation also presents the various way resource is allocated as the various cost components change.
Beauty Is in the Eye of the Beholder: Personalized Goals May Be More (or Less) Than Meets the Eye

Keywords: meta-analysis; outcome measures; personalized goals; psychotherapy effects; quality of life
Does the Product Really Matter? A Look at Mainstream Pro-Environmental Consumption Behavior

ABSTRACTThe overall objective of this article is to determine if the product matters in determining willingness to pay for pro-environmental products compared to non-pro-environmental products through experimental design. Ultimately, this research aims to use a posteriori or behavioral segmentation approach to cluster consumers using the price collected through a controlled auction experiment they would actually pay to purchase a pro-environmental product as opposed to a non-pro-environmental product, as well as profiling each segment according to (a) perceived product benefits; (b) values; (c) perceived consequences of purchase behavior; and (d) demographics based on self-reported survey data.
Partisan Warfare, 1942–44

The level of civilian casualties suffered in Belorussia and Ukraine during the Second World War was amongst the highest in Europe. Official estimates indicate that the Belorussian Soviet Republic lost approximately one-third of its total population. This was a demographic catastrophe of the first order, comparable in historical terms only with events such as the ‘Black Death’ or the Thirty Years War. Much of this figure can probably be accounted for by the effects of Soviet deportations, the murder of the Jews, Red Army losses, German deportations and post-war emigration. Nevertheless, a residue of civilian casualties remains, in the realm of several hundred thousand people.1
Is an Indwelling Neuraxial or Peripheral Nerve Catheter Safe in a Trauma Patient Who Needs Twice-Daily Low Molecular Weight Heparin?

A US serviceman suffered severe injuries to the lower extremities after stepping on a roadside bomb. He arrived at the hospital via critical care air transport having received a massive blood transfusion, a right traumatic above-the-knee amputation, and a left below-the-knee traumatic amputation, and other pelvic and abdominal injuries. Upon arrival, he was scheduled for irrigation and debridement (I&D) in the operating room (OR), followed by eventual extubation in the intensive care unit (ICU), but pain control was expected to limit his ability to wean from mechanical ventilation. The surgeon states that because he is a trauma patient with high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), he needs to be maintained on twice-daily (BID) low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), 30 mg subcutaneously (subq).
The “big deal” in e-books

Library patrons can never get enough of a good thing—or can they? Of late, there seems to be an emerging consensus in academic libraries that patrons want a broader selection of e-books and they wa...
Fully differential single-photon double photoionization of atomic magnesium

The valence-shell double ionization of atomic magnesium is calculated using a grid-based representation of the $3{s}^{2}$ electron configuration in the presence of a fully occupied frozen-core configuration of the remaining ten electrons. Atomic orbitals are constructed from an underlying finite-element discrete variable representation that facilitates accurate representation of the interaction between the inner-shell electrons with those entering the continuum. Length and velocity gauge results are compared with recent theoretical calculations and experimental measurements for the total double-, single-, and triple-differential cross sections, particularly at the photon energy of 55.49 eV for the last one. Comparison between the similar processes of double ionization of the $n{s}^{2}$ atoms helium, beryllium, and magnesium further illuminates the role of valence-shell electron correlation in atomic targets with heliumlike electronic configurations and symmetry.
Quantilizers: A Safer Alternative to Maximizers for Limited Optimization

In the field of AI, expected utility maximizers are commonly used as a model for idealized agents. However, expected utility maximization can lead to unintended solutions when the utility function does not quantify everything the operators care about: imagine, for example, an expected utility maximizer tasked with winning money on the stock market, which has no regard for whether it accidentally causes a market crash. Once AI systems become sufficiently intelligent and powerful, these unintended solutions could become quite dangerous. In this paper, we describe an alternative to expected utility maximization for powerful AI systems, which we call expected utility quantilization. This could allow the construction of AI systems that do not necessarily fall into strange and unanticipated shortcuts and edge cases in pursuit of their goals.
Simple reagent storage in polyester-paper hybrid microdevices for colorimetric detection

Abstract A challenge in developing microfluidic devices for fully portable and automated field analyses is the ability to integrate and store reagents in a stable form while maintaining a low cost for the system. Paper-based field-deployable devices are currently the most extensively explored platforms for field use; however, centrifugal devices offer a means for heightened device automation and portability. The basis for many field devices is chemical sensing via colorimetric reactions. Here, we describe the development of polyester-paper hybrid microfluidic devices using a fabrication method, compounded from the print, cut and laminate (PCL) technique, that allows for simple yet effective dry reagent storage for enhanced use with centrifugal or polymeric-based devices. We utilized various proof-of-principle colorimetric assays for multiple applications, including the analysis of total protein, serum albumin, cocaine, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and iron content. Localized reagent integration facilitated by paper punches allowed for both reagent stability prior to reaction for storage, color stability post-reaction for image analysis, and was compatible for multi-step analyses. Qualitative and quantitative results were achieved with the broad range of sample applications trialed here, while still maintaining the ability for downstream processing.
Construct Development and Validation in Game-Based Research:

Problem. Teams or groups of individuals working together to achieve a shared goal, make up today’s world of work. Although the literature is rife with issues concerning teams, there is no coherent structure to guide researchers wishing to gain a deeper understanding into those factors leading to positive team outcomes.Question. This is due in part to two factors; one being the methods (e.g., observation; self report) typically employed to study teams often do not apply rigorous standards for reliability and validity. The second is it is difficult to construct data gathering situations that realistically approach the context in which teams operate.Approach. Addressing the first issue, we present a framework for the type of data that should be gathered to reliably and validly evaluate team performance. We believe the second issue is best addressed through the application of serious games, where realistic scenarios are delivered representing problems similar to those faced by teams in the real world. Finally...
The Burdens and Uncertainties of Doing What One Should Do.

Despite FDA approval of drugs to reduce the risk of breast cancer in women at increased risk, uptake of these drugs has been poor despite the publication of numerous studies that demonstrate both their effectives and safety. National organizations have made recommendations for their use, but both physicians and their patients do not fully understand either breast cancer risk factors or risk assessment or the indications for using risk-reducing agents. Histologically predisposing conditions, such as ductal or lobular atypia and lobular carcinoma in situ , impart particularly high risks of developing subsequent invasive breast cancer. Resources should be committed to both provider and patient education to reduce the risk of breast cancer in women who are at increased risk. Cancer Prev Res; 10(8); 431–3. ©2017 AACR .
The Effects of Talking Apprehension on Student Academic Achievement: Three Empirical Investigations in Communication-Restricted and Traditional Laboratory Classes in the Life Sciences

This study investigated the relationship of oral communication apprehension and academic achievement in communication-restricted lecture courses and traditional life science laboratory courses. Thr...
Traumatismes de l'appareil locomoteur liés à la pratique du jet-ski: À propos de 127 cas

Abstract Background Personal watercrafts (PWC) account for a disproportionate amount of water based injuries. Current literature suggests those with less PWC experience are more at risk for injury. Previous studies have not specifically evaluated the orthopedic implications of PWC usage or how various mechanisms of injury (MOI) contribute to different injury patterns. Hypothesis PWC injuries will frequently require orthopedic intervention. The presence of an orthopedic injury will result in increased injury severity score (ISS), hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) length-of-stay (LOS). Patients visiting our region will have less PWC experience and so are more prone to serious injuries. Materials and methods Retrospective cohort study at a single level 1 trauma center of admitted patients sustaining PWC injuries from 02/2004–03/2017. The following were studied: demographics, mechanism, season, ISS, hospital and ICU LOS, follow-up, fracture characteristics and management. Results Overall, 127 patients were admitted due to PWC injury, 66 (52.0%) sustained an orthopedic injury, totaling 103 fractures [48 (46.6%) lower extremity, 26 (25.2%) upper extremity, 14 (13.6%) vertebral, 11 (10.7%) pelvic ring and 4 (3.9%) acetabulum]. The mean age of orthopedic patients was 29 years (range: 8–62). Handle bar injuries were significantly associated with open fractures, (13 of 25 open fractures, 3 of which became infected). Injuries occurring during the winter were associated with a higher ISS, yet more injuries occurred in the summer. A patient being a “visitor” to the region did not influence ISS. The mean LOS was 12.6 days for orthopedic patients. Eighteen orthopedic patients (27.3%) required ICU admission, and 36 (54.5%) patients required orthopedic surgery (mean: 2.11 operations). Discussion A majority of PWC injuries resulted in extremity fractures with a moderate percentage requiring orthopedic surgery. Correlations between PWC experience and injury incidence can provide information for increased safety. Level of evidence IV; retrospective.
Mapping the Surface Distribution of Elements on Ap-Stars Using the Maximum Entropy Method

A technique for deriving the distribution of elements on the surface of Ap stars using maximum entropy reconstruction principles is described. The technique is applied to deriving the silicon distribution on 56 Ari, CU Vir, 11 Ori and the chromium distribution on ϒ 2 Ari. Silicon on these stars is depleted at the magnetic poles and is enhanced in regions between the magnetic equator and poles. The chromium distribution on ϒ 2 Ari is markedly different than the chromium distribution seen on other Ap stars. It shows depletions at one of the magnetic poles (as do other Ap stars) but it does not show the depleted band at the equator as has been seen on θ Aur, 45 Her, and ω Her. The silicon distribution on 11 Ori also differs from that found on other stars in that it shows evidence for a depleted band, similar to what has been seen in the chromium distribution is some stars. Characteristic features in the abundance maps such as spots or bands appear to mark the location of the magnetic poles or equator so that these maps can be used to infer the magnetic field geometries on these stars. Dipole decentering parameters derived from the abundance maps yield decentering parameters of about 0.2 stellar radii. The amount of decentering seems to be correlated with rotation period (longer period Ap stars have less decentering). Horizontal diffusion can complicate the use of abundance maps to determine the field geometry. The effects of horizontal diffusion can only be understood by a proper theoretical study of its effects or by mapping the elemental distribution on Ap stars of known age.
Caregiver Implementation of a Home-Based Reading Program With Their Children With Disabilities: Patterns of Adherence:

The overall purpose of this study was to examine caregivers’ adherence to a storybook-reading intervention using latent class analysis (LCA). This study also examined whether adherence was related ...
Physical modeling of inland freshwater lens formation and evolution in drylands

Dryland inland freshwater lenses (IFLs) that have been topographically induced are represented using physically modeled laboratory simulations, to characterize the stages of IFL evolution (i.e. formation, migration, degradation) as a function of recharge rate. Arid regions with shallow brackish to saline groundwater possess IFLs. The position and geometry (i.e. thickness, length) of IFLs over varying temporal and spatial scales is poorly understood due to their transient nature. The physically modeled IFLs in this study formed from an initial recharge pulse, after which IFL geometry was measured over time as it flowed in the direction of simulated groundwater flow. The time required for an IFL to reach the maximum thickness exhibited a negative exponential correlation to recharge rate. At IFL formation, thickness and length were positively correlated, and the ratio of IFL thickness to length exhibited a positive exponential correlation to recharge rate. After IFL formation, the central position of the simulated IFLs migrated laterally in the direction of groundwater flow at a velocity less than the range of applied recharge rates and greater than the groundwater flow velocities. The time required for the IFL to reach a minimum thickness, or IFL degradation, exhibited a positive exponential correlation to recharge rate. The Dupuit-Ghyben-Herzberg solution used to model coastal freshwater lens thickness was tested against the physically modeled IFLs and deemed invalid. A correction factor and modified solution are provided to predict IFL thickness, providing motivation for future analytical and numerical studies on inland variable-density groundwater systems in arid regions globally.
Experiencing nostalgia through the lens of life satisfaction

This paper aims to examine the role of life satisfaction in consumers’ reaction to nostalgic music in an advertisement in terms of attitude toward the brand and purchase intention. It suggests that life satisfaction forms the lens through which individuals interpret and reconstruct past emotional experiences evoked by nostalgia. It further investigates the role of product category involvement in the interplay between life satisfaction and nostalgic music.,Two experiments were conducted. The first study featured a 2 (nostalgic vs non-nostalgic music) × 2 (high vs low involvement) between-subjects design and tested the research hypotheses with 208 consumers. The second study featured two involvement conditions (high vs low) and explored the underlying process behind the hypotheses. Linear regression was used to analyze the data in both studies.,For the low involvement product category, nostalgic music was more effective than non-nostalgic music for consumers with high life satisfaction, whereas non-nostalgic music was more effective for consumers with low life satisfaction levels. For the high involvement product category, life satisfaction did not moderate consumers’ reaction to nostalgic music.,This research suggests that past experiences evoked through nostalgic music are not static but are subject to bias and interpretation depending on an individual’s current mindset. Hence, the eventual effect of nostalgia is determined by how past events are reconstrued based on the individual’s current state.,This paper warns against the blind use of nostalgic appeals in advertising, points to the need to consider the audience’s state of mind, and suggests an opportunity to leverage life satisfaction influencers in designing effective advertising campaigns.,The findings have strong implications for public policymakers. The results are crucial as policymakers often use public service announcement (PSA) to change the attitude of the public toward some phenomena. Knowing the current state of life satisfaction in society, they can increase the efficiency of public service announcements by including a nostalgic song in them.,To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first one in the marketing literature that looks at the efficiency of nostalgic songs in advertisements. The authors tested the conceptual framework by using two studies and offered novel implications to both marketers and scholars.
Cerebral arteriovenous malformation rupture in pregnancy.

A 30-year-old nulliparous woman at 38 5/7 weeks of gestation developed a sudden, severe headache at work and subsequent loss of consciousness. She underwent evaluation in the emergency department. CT and CT angiogram head revealed a large intraparenchymal haematoma with intraventricular extension secondary to ruptured cerebral arteriovenous malformation (cAVM). She was intubated and transferred to a tertiary care centre. The patient underwent caesarean section followed by partial embolisation of the cAVM with planned second embolisation and resection 1 week later. Due to drowsiness and headache, the planned repeat embolisation and cAVM resection were performed 3 days earlier. The patient had a full recovery. Emergency medicine physicians and obstetrician-gynaecologists should be familiar with differential diagnosis of sudden headache in pregnancy and signs of a ruptured cAVM to facilitate early diagnosis, multidisciplinary team approach and timely treatment. Early diagnosis and management of ruptured cAVM are important due to associated morbidity and mortality.
Validating Faculty Advising through Assessment.

Faculty members take on the role of primary advisors on many small campuses. Many report feeling underprepared for the advising role. Assessment of academic advising can raise the awareness and per...
Abstract P118: Angiotensin-(1-7) Improves Cardiometabolic Function in Aged Mice

Background: Aging is associated with impaired cardiometabolic function including insulin resistance, elevated blood pressure, and cardiac hypertrophy. Angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7) is a beneficial hormon...
ACM SIGGRAPH 2014 Art Gallery

The annual SIGGRAPH conference continues to bring audiences together to explore art-based research in computer graphics and interactive techniques. In a longstanding tradition, the SIGGRAPH Art Gallery has presented exhibitions at the conference since 1982. SIGGRAPH Art Papers, established in 2008, joins the Art Gallery in collaboration with ACM SIGGRAPH and Leonardo/ISAST to present a rigorous venue for publication of the state of the art in digital art and design. SIGGRAPH 2014 marks the sixth year of this dynamic collaboration. This issue presents selections from the 2014 SIGGRAPH Art Gallery: Acting in Translation, curated by an international jury of five esteemed members. In her introduction to the exhibition, Art Gallery Chair Basak Senova challenges us to reflect on the broader cultural, social, historical, and philosophical significance of artworks situated at the borders and edges of art, science, and technology. The 2014 SIGGRAPH Art Papers carries the theme of translation forward with papers that make significant contributions to advancing the theory, history, and practice of computer graphics and interactive techniques. The papers address a wide range of topics, from sensory and affectively attuned approaches to visualization, sonification, and gestural communication to critical approaches to architecture and situated technologies. The Art Papers especially draw our attention to the creativity, intelligence, and rigor of the processes and techniques associated with digitally mediated art, revealing different ways of knowing and ways of doing. As a peer-reviewed journal publication, Art Papers is aimed at informing and setting standards for critical analysis and research in the overlapping fields of art, science, and technology. Papers are selected for their rigor and artistic focus, as well as for their capacity to inform, inspire, and stimulate future trends. The Art Papers program solicits submissions in the following categories: 1. Project Description: A description of creative work, with particular emphasis on its artistic significance and historical and/or theoretical context. 2. Theory/Criticism: An exposition of a significant issue for contemporary interactive art and design practice. 3. Methods: A description of a novel technique for creative practice. 4. History: A discussion of significant but little-known or under-theorized antecedents to contemporary practice.
Nematode biodiversity assessments need vouchered databases: A BOLD reference library for plant-parasitic nematodes in the superfamily Criconematoidea.

Nematodes are frequently cited as underrepresented in faunistic surveys using DNA barcoding with COI. This underrepresentation is generally attributed to a limited presence of nematodes in DNA data...
Inter-observer variability of radiologists for Cambridge classification of chronic pancreatitis using CT and MRCP: results from a large multi-center study

Determine inter-observer variability among radiologists in assigning Cambridge Classification (CC) of chronic pancreatitis (CP) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and contrast-enhanced CT (CECT). Among 422 eligible subjects enrolled into the PROCEED study between 6/2017 and 8/2018, 39 were selected randomly for this study (chronic abdominal pain (n = 8; CC of 0), suspected CP (n = 22; CC of 0, 1 or 2) or definite CP (n = 9; CC of 3 or 4). Each imaging was scored by the local radiologist (LRs) and three of five central radiologists (CRs) at other consortium sites. The CRs were blinded to clinical data and site information of the participants. We compared the CC score assigned by the LR with the consensus CC score assigned by the CRs. The weighted kappa statistic (K) was used to estimate the inter-observer agreement. For the majority of subjects (34/39), the group assignment by LR agreed with the consensus composite CT/MRCP score by the CRs (concordance ranging from 75 to 89% depending on cohort group). There was moderate agreement (63% and 67% agreed, respectively) between CRs and LRs in both the CT score (weighted Kappa [95% CI] = 0.56 [0.34, 0.78]; p-value = 0.57) and the MR score (weighted Kappa [95% CI] = 0.68 [0.49, 0.86]; p-value = 0.72). The composite CT/MR score showed moderate agreement (weighted Kappa [95% CI] = 0.62 [0.43, 0.81]; p-value = 0.80). There is a high degree of concordance among radiologists for assignment of CC using MRI and CT.
Photon and electron ionization of the HeH + Molecule

With the first detection of HeH+ in nearby interstellar space, various molecular ionization and recombination processes are now being calculated to better understand the dynamics of the first molecule in the universe. We use a configuration-average distorted-wave method to compute the photon and electron ionization cross sections of HeH+ based on an earlier molecular structure tabulation.
Making Sense of Citizenship (Reply to Commentators)

Response to Commentators Denaturalizing Citizenship: A Symposium on Linda Bosniak’s The Citizen and the Alien and Ayelet Shachar's The Birthright Lottery Issues In Legal Scholarship, Volume 9, Issue 1 2011 Article 12 I am immensely fortunate to have the opportunity to respond to this group of probing and sympathetic comments on The Citizen and the Alien. The responding authors are all intellectual heroes of mine, and it’s a privilege to exchange ideas with them here about my book. The Symposium’s pairing of The Citizen and the Alien with Professor Ayelet Shachar’s brilliant volume, The Birthright Lottery, gives an intellectual ballast and depth to the discussion that it could not otherwise have had. Special thanks to Professor Leti Volpp for conceiving of the publication of these books as an occasion for interdisciplinary reflection on the state of legal and political theory on citizenship, and for painstakingly shepherding this project to completion. These ten essays raise a confluence of questions about the book’s substance, method, and normative stance. In light of length constraints, and in the interests of synthesizing, my approach here is to address three broad categories of questions presented: one concerning the book’s purpose, scope and method; a second, concerning issues of nationalism and territoriality; and a third concerning the possibilities and limitations of the concept of citizenship. Proceeding this way permits reflections on themes arising across the comments. I am truly grateful to be pressed to clarify and further develop my thinking on these issues.
The Enigma of Clarence Thomas: A Critical Analysis

“There is nothing you can do to get past black skin. I don’t care how educated you are, how good you are — you’ll never have the same contacts or opportunities, you’ll never be seen as equal to whites.” The preceding quote would strike many as unlikely to come from a Republican-appointed justice, the “Tea Party justice,” and Donald Trump’s favorite justice. This demonstrates the enigma of Clarence Thomas as covered in Corey Robin’s The Enigma of Clarence Thomas. The book aims to understand a man who has praised Malcolm X and Louis Farrakhan, while also vehemently arguing against affirmative action. While making sense of a person who holds these unlikely sets of views is not easy, Robin does a good job with the subject. This essay is a critical analysis of the book, focusing on the areas of bias, Anita Hill, and race.
Mind games: A temporal sentiment analysis of the political messages of the Internet Research Agency on Facebook and Twitter:

This study examines the temporal dynamics of emotional appeals in Russian campaign messages used in the 2016 election. Communications on two giant social media platforms, Facebook and Twitter, are ...