cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Histo‐blood group A/B antigen deletion/ reduction vs. continuous expression in human tumor cells as correlated with their malignancy

Deletion or reduction of histo-blood group A or B antigen in tumors of A or B individuals is clearly correlated with the degree of malignancy and metastatic potential in many types of human cancer. Haptotactic motility of A+H− or B+H− colonic or gastric tumor cell lines produced by transfection of A or B gene was significantly lower than that of parental A−H+ or B−H+ cells. This is ascribable to reduced function of α3 or α6/β1 integrin receptor as we have recently shown. However, phenotypic changes resulting from gene transfection may not reflect physiological states associated with deletion or reduction vs. continuous expression of A or B antigen in tumors. We now describe the separation and phenotype characterization of A− cells from A+ tumor cell lines derived originally from colonic tumors of patients with histo-blood group A. A+ and A− populations were detected in originally A+ tumor cell lines SW480 and HT29. A− separated from A+ populations isolated from SW480 and HT29 were characterized by greatly enhanced haptotactic motility associated with reduced or deleted A expression at α3, α6, and β1 integrin receptors which control cell motility. Nevertheless, expression of integrin receptors at the surface of A− populations is the same as that for A+ populations for both SW480 and HT29 cells. Thus, A vs. H glycosylation in integrin receptors may alter their haptotactic function. Cell proliferation as reflected by 3H-thymidine incorporation was also reduced significantly in A+ as compared to A− populations. Our findings indicate that the degree of haptotactic motility and proliferation of colonic tumor cells are physiologically associated with the deletion or reduction vs. continuous expression of the histo-blood group A antigen. Int. J. Cancer 76:284–289, 1998.© 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Investigational inhibitors of PTP4A3 phosphatase as antineoplastic agents

Introduction: Protein tyrosine (Tyr) phosphatases have been implicated in many diseases, most notably in cancer. While there are a significant number of clinically approved inhibitors of protein Tyr kinases, there are no drugs specifically targeting protein Tyr phosphatases in clinical use despite the attractiveness of the molecular target. Areas covered: This review examines the investigational challenges in identifying Tyr phosphatase inhibitors using the oncogenic phosphatase PTP4A3 as a prototype. The article includes a review of the structure, functionality and validation of PTP4A3 as a cancer target. It also provides an evaluation of existing small molecule and antibody inhibitors and provides new computational guidance for potentially more potent small molecule inhibitors. Expert opinion: Tyr phosphatases, like PTP4A3, represent high value but ignored molecular targets for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. Although phosphatases are challenging targets, it seems likely that drug-like inhib...
Microcircuits in Epilepsy: Heterogeneity and Hub Cells in Network Synchronization

Epilepsy is a complex disorder involving neurological alterations that lead to the pathological development of spontaneous, recurrent seizures. For decades, seizures were thought to be largely repetitive, and had been examined at the macrocircuit level using electrophysiological recordings. However, research mapping the dynamics of large neuronal populations has revealed that seizures are not simply recurrent bursts of hypersynchrony. Instead, it is becoming clear that seizures involve a complex interplay of different neurons and circuits. Herein, we will review studies examining microcircuit changes that may underlie network hyperexcitability, discussing observations from network theory, computational modeling, and optogenetics. We will delve into the idea of hub cells as pathological centers for seizure activity, and will explore optogenetics as a novel avenue to target and treat pathological circuits. Finally, we will conclude with a discussion on future directions in the field.
Deciduous Woodlands in the Near Eastern Fertile Crescent, and a Comparison with California

In the Near East, Mediterranean climate extends eastward from the northern Levant and southeast along the Zagros foothills. Evergreen sclerophylls are almost completely absent from the Zagros; instead, several deciduous tree species dominate, from genera such as Pistacia and Zizyphus, as well as oaks. In the Levant, deciduous and evergreen species co-occur, with the deciduous species predominating noticeably on the soils that are most fertile and drier in summer. Distribution patterns suggest that evergreen sclerophylls are not strictly Mediterranean but rather subtropical semi-arid in their adaptation, while deciduous species outcompete them under the most purely Mediterranean conditions. Comparison with California shows that the regions display similar patterns, probably for similar reasons.
Portfolio Safeguard Case Studies

This case study designs a portfolio of credit default swaps (CDS) and credit indices to hedge against changes in a collateralized debt obligation (CDO) book. The hedging problem is to minimize risk of portfolio losses subject to budget and cardinality constraints on hedge positions.
The bi-modulus seal: a new concept in hydrodynamic radial lip seal design

Nouvelle conception des joints radiaux hydrodynamiques a levre (utilisation de deux materiaux avec des modules d'elasticite differents)
Methods of Presenting Economic Data to Farmers

presenting our material to the layman have resulted from confusion relative to our function as educators. After completing an involved training program in economics, most of us have felt that we must throw the book at the layman to give him the proper answer. This approach resulted in the layman walking out. Then we tended to turn to the other extreme of giving him the final answer. Too many times he found our answer was wrong. Thus, neither approach proved satisfactory, and we turned to various compromise approaches, which have caused the layman to make many quips about the economist. Most farmers are not interested in economic data or principles from an academic approach unless they are related to a particular problem. They are interested in economic data when they have a bearing on the price of hogs, the answer to a public problem, or a change in the farm organization. Therefore, most of our economic data and principles are presented and taught to farmers in connection with some problem. Because much of this information is used in activities concerning public policy, farm management, and outlook, I should like to treat the subject under these headings.
Mature results of a randomized phase II study of OGX-011 in combination with docetaxel/prednisone versus docetaxel/prednisone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

5012 Background: Clusterin is a cytoprotective chaperone protein associated with CRPC progression. OGX is a 2'-methoxyethyl antisense that potentiates chemotherapy in xenografts and inhibits clusterin expression at doses of 60%) could be tested at 10% β and 10% α, Arm B the true PSA RR could be estimated with half-width of the 90% CI ...
Control methods for a brushless DC motor drive with a new converter topology

This paper presents a control strategy for a brushless DC motor (BLDCM) drive with a new converter topology. The new topology is based on the conventional voltage-fed inverter, but includes an additional source such as a capacitor or a battery, and requires connection to the BLDCM neutral. The objective of the proposed control strategy is to control the otherwise unregulated voltage across the additional source, while maintaining commanded speed or torque. Three variations of the control strategy are presented. A detailed simulation model is used to evaluate the performance of the considered converter with proposed control strategy, and compare it to a conventional voltage-fed inverter BLDCM drive. Performance measures include torque per unit current, copper losses per unit current, inverter losses, and efficiency. It is also shown that exact torque and speed control can be exercised at up to twice the rated speed. Simulation results for operation at twice the rated speed with the torque controlled to half the rated value are provided to demonstrate that. This is a major advantage over the conventional BLDCM drive, where speed and torque are usually uncontrolled above rated speed. In addition, the drive is shown to deliver rated power (at rated speed) with only half the dc link voltage.
Rethinking Monastic Suppressions in Revolutionary and Napoleonic Italy: how women religious negotiated for their communities

ABSTRACTFemale religious communities and individual women religious confronted the monastic suppressions in late eighteenth and early nineteenth century Italy by actively negotiating with authorities both during and after the suppression decrees. The lack of the voices of the suppressed women religious in current scholarship has led scholars to argue for top-down, predetermined reorganization and destruction of religious life in revolutionary and Napoleonic Italy. A comparison of the three main suppression decrees reveals, instead, an evolving approach to religious institutions during this period. The petitions by women religious underscore how compromise and accommodation characterized the interactions between female communities and local and central authorities. The suppression of monasteries was not imposed on monastic women unilaterally; rather, these women actively negotiated the suppressions to optimize the outcome for their communities and for themselves.
Freedom Springs Eternal

Revolutions are chaotic affairs. In February 1979, when Ayatollah Khomeini and his followers declared victory, Iran's future seemed uncertain. After a long night of hostility and bloodshed, an eerie silence fell on Tehran, and in some corners fear supplanted exhilaration. Those of us who witnessed these historic events did not fully fathom what Islamic politics augured. Within weeks, on the occasion of International Women's Day, it became clear that women had become targets of the regime's cultural indoctrination. Other matters remained murky for months and would play out gradually in the first decade after the revolution.
Separate electronic attenuation allowing a spin-component-scaled second-order Møller-Plesset theory to be effective for both thermochemistry and noncovalent interactions.

Spin-component-scaled (SCS) second-order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) improves the treatment of thermochemistry and noncovalent interactions relative to MP2, although the optimal scaling coefficients are quite different for thermochemistry versus noncovalent interactions. This work reconciles these two different scaling regimes for SCS-MP2 by using two different length scales for electronic attenuation of the two spin components. The attenuation parameters and scaling coefficients are optimized in the aug-cc-pVTZ (aTZ) basis using the S66 database of intermolecular interactions and the W4-11 database of thermochemistry. Transferability tests are performed for atomization energies and barrier heights, as well as on further test sets for inter- and intramolecular interactions. SCS dual-attenuated MP2 in the aTZ basis, SCS-MP2(2terfc, aTZ), performs similarly to SCS-MP2/aTZ for thermochemistry while frequently outperforming MP2 at the complete basis set limit (CBS) for nonbonded interactions.
Conduction Properties in Peripheral Nerve Fibers Regenerated by Biodegradable Polymer Matrix

The rat sciatic nerve was transected mid-thigh and grafted with a silicone tube, the central 10 mm of which was filled with a collagen-glycosaminoglycan (CG) matrix. The rats were grafted contralaterally with empty silicone tubes as controls. The earliest compound muscle action potentials (CMAP’s) at the plantar muscles were recorded around 11 weeks. After 30 weeks, the distal motor latencies recovered to about 50% higher than normal, the conduction velocity to about 50% normal, and the amplitudes of the CMAP’s to about 50% normal. Of 7 rats in this study, all 7 nerves grafted with the CG matrix exhibited recovery, while only 1 grafted with the empty tube exhibited recovery. The CG matrix therefore appears to promote functional nerve regeneration across extended distances.
Flight Patterns of the Simulium vittatum (Diptera: Simuliidae) Complex over a Stream

Flight patterns of the Simulium vittatum complex (IIIL-1 and IS-7 sibling species) over a central Pennsylvania stream were studied with the aid of an adhesive trap (1.2 by 2.1 m), a Malaise trap, and naturally occurring spider webs. The combined use of the adhesive trap and Malaise trap provided the greatest capture efficiency. Females showed predominant (78.2%) upstream flight. One quarter of the females captured by the adhesive trap were within 7.5 cm above the water. Males were concentrated near the water and near the top of the adhesive trap. Spider webs captured more females near the surface of the water but more males higher above the water. Female S. vittatum (IIIL-1 sibling) had a 41.2% probability of escape from spider webs once captured, whereas males of this species had only a 19.4% escape probability.
Effect of Different Growing Environment on Taste Quality of Rice

Rice quality index and taste testing of quality rice varieties and main popularized varieties in Jilin province were studied.The results showed that rice quality planted in Jilin city was better than that in Tonghua region.Its milling quality such as average milled rice rate and head rice rate was greater than that in Tonghua region.The protein content and amylose content were lower than those in Tonghua region.By analy-sis of taste quality test,hardness value was lower than that in Tonghua region.Appearance,adhesiveness,balance and taste evaluation were higher than those in Tonghua region.Comprehensive taste was markedly superior to that in Tonghua region.Protein content was main factor affecting taste value of rice grown in mid-dle and west part of Jilin province,whereas amylose content has no obvious effect on taste.In eastern region of Jilin province,protein content and amylose content were main factors affecting taste.
Oral cavity risk factors: experts' opinions and literature support.

Objectif: L'etude avait trois objectifs: (1) evaluer les connaissances d'un groupe de specialistes en oncologie de la tete et du cou en ce qui concerne les facteurs de risque du cancer de la cavite buccale; (2) decrire la qualite de la documentation existante sur les facteurs de risque de ce type de cancer; (3) comparer l'opinion de specialistes avec la documentation. Methode: L'etude consistait en une enquete sur les connaissances de specialistes en oncologie de la tete et du cou ainsi qu'en un examen exhaustif de la documentation et en la classification de donnees publiees selon leur degre de fiabilite. Resultats: Une masse de donnees recueillies dans la documentation publiee etaye, ou au contraire refute, bon nombre de facteurs ou de comportements lies au cancer de la cavite buccale. Dans plusieurs cas, il y avait une correlation etroite entre l'opinion des specialistes et la documentation, mais, dans d'autres cas, il y avait une nette divergence. Conclusion: Les specialistes en oncologie buccale s'entendaient sur le fait que fumer du tabac ou chiquer du betel constituaient des facteurs de risque importants du cancer de la bouche. Toutefois, une certaine divergence est apparue quant aux risques lies a la consommation d'alcool, a un mauvais ajustement des protheses dentaires, a la prise de mate ou a un regime alimentaire pauvre en fruits et en legumes. La documentation contient une quantite suffisante de donnees publiees, qui montrent l'existence du risque associe a chacun des facteurs; cependant, il semblerait que les professionnels de la sante n'aient pas acces aux donnees et aux recherches les plus recentes autant qu'ils le devraient. Par ailleurs, il y avait insuffisance de donnees a l'appui de la perception des risques lies a la trituration du tabac et a la consommation du kat. Enfin, un degre eleve de concordance s'est degage en ce qui concerne les habitudes de vie les plus risquees comme l'usage du tabac, de l'alcool et du betel, mais un certain degre de divergence est apparu pour les facteurs de risque ayant recu les cotes les plus basses.
Anton: A specialized ASIC for molecular dynamics

This article consists of a collection of slides from the authors' conference presentation. Some of the thems presented include: Why build a molecular dynamics simulation engine?; Anton's overall, systematic design; and "Green" Computing?
Metaphor and context

In his Languages of Art , Goodman proposes a general approach to metaphor that emphasizes its contextual character. I will here review the basic features of his treatment and then offer some critical comments in defense of a revised version of contextualism. I begin, then, with an account of Goodman's views. CONTEXTUALISM AND METAPHOR Metaphor, says Goodman, “is a matter of teaching an old word new tricks – of applying an old label in a new way.” This characterization is, however, not sufficient, since “every application of a predicate to a new event or a newfound object is new; but such routine projection does not constitute metaphor.” The further characterization offered is as follows: In routine projection, habit applies a label to a case not already decided. Arbitrary application of a newly coined term is equally unobstructed by prior decision. But metaphorical application of a label to an object defies an explicit or tacit prior denial of that label to that object. Where there is metaphor, there is conflict: the picture is sad rather than gay even though it is insentient and hence neither sad nor gay. Application of a term is metaphorical only if to some extent contra-indicated.
Structure of the Z Ring-associated Protein, ZapD, Bound to the C-terminal Domain of the Tubulin-like Protein, FtsZ, Suggests Mechanism of Z Ring Stabilization through FtsZ Cross-linking.

Cell division in most bacteria is mediated by the tubulin-like FtsZ protein, which polymerizes in a GTP-dependent manner to form the cytokinetic Z ring. A diverse repertoire of FtsZ-binding proteins affects FtsZ localization and polymerization to ensure correct Z ring formation. Many of these proteins bind the C-terminal domain (CTD) of FtsZ, which serves as a hub for FtsZ regulation. FtsZ ring-associated proteins, ZapA-D (Zaps), are important FtsZ regulatory proteins that stabilize FtsZ assembly and enhance Z ring formation by increasing lateral assembly of FtsZ protofilaments, which then form the Z ring. There are no structures of a Zap protein bound to FtsZ; therefore, how these proteins affect FtsZ polymerization has been unclear. Recent data showed ZapD binds specifically to the FtsZ CTD. Thus, to obtain insight into the ZapD-CTD interaction and how it may mediate FtsZ protofilament assembly, we determined the Escherichia coli ZapD-FtsZ CTD structure to 2.67 A resolution. The structure shows that the CTD docks within a hydrophobic cleft in the ZapD helical domain and adopts an unusual structure composed of two turns of helix separated by a proline kink. FtsZ CTD residue Phe-377 inserts into the ZapD pocket, anchoring the CTD in place and permitting hydrophobic contacts between FtsZ residues Ile-374, Pro-375, and Leu-378 with ZapD residues Leu-74, Trp-77, Leu-91, and Leu-174. The structural findings were supported by mutagenesis coupled with biochemical and in vivo studies. The combined data suggest that ZapD acts as a molecular cross-linking reagent between FtsZ protofilaments to enhance FtsZ assembly.
Feedback Control of Surface Roughness in a Deposition Process Using a Stochastic PDE

Abstract This paper focuses on feedback control of surface roughness in a deposition process, based on a stochastic partial differential equation (PDE) which describes the fluctuation of surface height in the spatial domain. Specifically, we focus on control of surface roughness in a deposition process on a 1-dimensional lattice, whose fluctuation of surface height can be described by the Edwards-Wilkinson equation, a secondorder stochastic PDE. We initially refonnulate the stochastic PDE into a system of infinite stochastic ordinary differential equations by using modal decomposition. A finite-dimensional approximation of the Edwards-Wilkinson equation is then derived that captures the dominant mode contribution to the surface roughness. A state feedback controller is designed based on the finite-dimensional approximation to control the surface roughness. Analysis of the closed-loop system shows that the controller can drive the surface roughness governed by the infinite-dimensional system to desired levels. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by numerical simulations.
C12H12 interconversions: two non-pyrolytic syntheses of tricyclo[5.3.2.04,8]dodeca-2,5,9,11-tetraene.

Abstract Herein, we describe two independent and non-pyrolytic syntheses of an important C12H12 hydrocarbon which had been prepared previously by gas phase thermolysis of compound 6. The first method is based on an unusual dipolar cycloaddition of dichloroketene onto bullvalene. After reductive dechlorination, a Shapiro-Heath reaction of the tosylhydrazone gave the title compound. Alternatively, compound 13 is also obtained from its isomer 6 by a Ag+ catalyzed reaction.
A Reply to “An Integration of Statistics and Christianity”:

Kotesky's article, “An Integration of Statistics and Christianity,” recommended that the discrepancy between scripturally-informed psychological research and cur-rent practice could be lessened by using currently available statistical procedures to compare sample statistics against theoretical population values. The lack of consensus among Christians regarding what constitutes an ideal demonstration of love, honesty, or courage was used to illustrate the difficulties involved in implementing Kotesky's proposal. Judging from previous attempts, satisfactory operationalizing of the commonly accepted standard of Christian perfection, “Christlikeness” was considered rather unlikely. The alternative solution of devising new statistical procedures which meet our unique needs as Christian psychologists was offered as a more viable solution.
A polymicrobial fungal outbreak in a regional burn center after Hurricane Sandy

Objective To describe a polymicrobial fungal outbreak after Hurricane Sandy. Design An observational concurrent outbreak investigation and retrospective descriptive review. Setting A regional burn intensive care unit that serves the greater Baltimore area, admitting 350-450 burn patients annually. Patients Patients with burn injuries and significant dermatologic diseases such as toxic epidermal necrolysis who were admitted to the burn intensive care unit. Methods An outbreak investigation and a retrospective review of all patients with non-candida fungal isolates from 2009-2016 were performed. Results A polymicrobial fungal outbreak in burn patients was temporally associated with Hurricane Sandy and associated with air and water permeations in the hospital facility. The outbreak abated after changes to facility design. Conclusions Our results suggest a possible association between severe weather events like hurricanes and nosocomial fungal outbreaks. This report adds to the emerging literature on the effect of severe weather on healthcare-associated infections.
Rainbow trout personality: individual behavioural variation in juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss

We evaluated the variation in dispersal, exploration, and aggression across time in juvenile progeny produced from wild caught rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) at a critical developmental shift associated with the highest mortality in fish. By testing multiple ecologically relevant behaviours repeatedly in the same individuals, we simultaneously tested multiple hypotheses regarding personality, plasticity, and behavioural syndromes to better understand the innate behavioural variation in a population containing both migratory and resident life histories. There were consistent behavioural differences, or personality, between individuals across time, for dispersal, aggression, and exploration, unrelated to size or sex. The significant repeatabilities (0.10–0.46) indicate that these traits are potentially heritable. Also, we found both habituation in all behaviours and significant differences between individuals in the rate of that habituation, despite no evidence of a behavioural syndrome. The identification of this individual level variation is a step towards understanding which heritable traits selection could influence.
Glutamate receptors in cultures of mouse hippocampus studied with fast applications of agonists, modulators and drugs.

The study of excitatory synaptic transmission between nerve cells in mammalian brain slice preparations, and the use of binding assays to measure agonist and antagonist affinity, have suggested at least two subtypes of glutamate receptor channel complex. These have been named after the agonists with which they were first characterized, N-methylD-aspartic acid (NMDA) and quisqualic acid (for review see Watkins and Olverman, 1987; Mayer and Westbrook, 1987a). Although cultures of embryonic CNS have the disadvantage that neurons may express less mature forms of ion channel gene products, the high accessibility offered by dissociated cell preparations does allow experiments not possible with brain slices. In particular, whole cell recording and the use of fast perfusion techniques in CNS cultures greatly facilitates the study of receptor kinetics and ligand-gated ion channels; experiments of this type are not possible in intact preparations. Patch clamp techniques have now been applied to both brain slices (Edwards et al., 1989) and to isolated adult cells (Kiskin et al., 1986), but the success rate with these preparations is usually lower than with culture preparations, and the intact nature of slice preparations still hinders the use of rapid perfusion techniques.
Interval methods for sinusoidal parameter estimation : A comparative analysis

In this paper, we address the problem of determining maximum-likelihood estimates of sinusoid parameters from a signal that consists of sinusoids and additive noise. We present three algorithms that integrate interval methods for global optimization with procedures that decompose the problem into smaller ones. Interval methods represent a global optimization technique that is based upon the branch and bound principle. More specifically, we decompose the problems via the expectation-maximization algorithm and variations of the coordinate descent algorithm. Although, we have not proven that the proposed algorithms converge to the global optimum, their performance in our simulation example was much superior to that of the popular iterative quadratic maximum likelihood (IQML) method.
Morphological Transformation, the Fossil Record, and the Mechanisms of Evolution: A Debate

In a paper entitled “Punctuated Equilibria: An Alternative to Phyletic Gradualism,” Eldredge and Gould (1972) properly criticize the naive concepts held by most paleontologists with respect to the interpretation of data from the fossil record. The model or “picture” (Eldredge and Gould, 1972) of the mechanism explaining morphological change used by most paleontologists is that of gradual change within a character or complex of characters which is expressed as shifts in the mean and associated statistics along a time axis. This type of evolutionary change has been described and illustrated by many paleontologists, such as Trueman (1922, Fig. 5), Simpson (1953, p. 387), Kurten (1968, p. 239), and George (1971, p. 207). These authors and many others offer a picture of evolution as a progressive series of normal curves on a time axis in which there is a “long and insensibly graded chain of forms” (Eldredge and Gould, 1972). Basically, Eldredge and Gould (1972) criticize this simplistic model of paleontologists because it neither explains the important morphological stasis and gaps in the fossil record nor takes into consideration the major concept of modern systematics, the biological species concept.
Introduction: Gender and Feminism in Bioethics

In this initial chapter from the breakthrough volume, Feminism and Bioethics: Beyond Reproduction, the book’s editor seeks to solve the puzzle of why bioethics has largely ignored gender and feminism, long after the rest of the humanities and law have found such work to be important. The answer, she argues, lies in the deep structure of bioethics - in its early embrace of a liberal individualism largely inattentive to social context; in its emphasis on deduction from ethical principles rather than induction from concrete cases; in its tendency to view ethical problems either dyadically as problems between individuals, or nationally as problems for the entire society, but rarely at an intermediate level attentive to the moral significance of groups; and in the failure of bioethics to be sufficiently self-critical by examining whom the field serves and how. The chapter explores the range of feminist theory with important implications for bioethics and then explicates feminist possibilities for reconstructing the work of bioethics, including by expanding the subjects of concern, shifting the field’s epistemology, and changing its analytic methods. Serious engagement with gender and feminist work will deeply alter the theory, practice, and impact of bioethics. This volume’s twelve chapters aim to catalyze that reconstruction.Among the reviews are the following: “Drawing on work from top feminist bioethicists, philosophers, and law professors, Susan Wolf’s anthology Feminism and Bioethics reinforces the vibrancy of feminist theoretical contributions to bioethical thinking. The twelve articles, accompanied by Wolf’s extensive introduction, suggest how feminism’s insights and critiques refine our thinking on a wide range of bioethical issues…. Wolf’s book confirms that feminist approaches are no longer marginal or to be dismissed by ‘mainstream’ bioethics: one fails to engage these contributions at his her own peril as a legitimate scholar, teacher, or practitioner in this field.” - Leslie Bender, 25 JOURNAL OF LAW, MEDICINE & ETHICS 58 (1997).“Wolf offers an insightful account of why bioethics may have been reluctant to assume for itself a critical project and why until recently it has failed to engage feminist work. Bioethics’ relative isolation within the academy, its alliances with health care institutions and political processes, its embrace of the ideals and concepts of liberalism, and its belief in the importance of abstract rules and principles all coalesced to erect a wall between bioethics and feminism where there should have been obvious points of affinity…. Taking readers beyond reproduction, not to the brink of revolution, but toward reconstruction in bioethics, Wolf’s volume proceeds by illuminating how the field, its categories, and its arguments were constructed in the first place, within necessarily gendered institutions and discourses. From its first pages the volume proves that in personal experience and intellectual inquiry, gender matters.” - Lisa S. Parker, 19 THEORETICAL MEDICINE AND BIOETHICS 411(1998).
Assessing Suicide Risk in Children: Guidelines for Developmentally Appropriate Interviewing

Although suicide is considered a leading cause of death for all age groups, resources and recommendations regarding methods of assessment of suicide risk in children appears to be scattered across related disciplines. Most risk assessment measures for "youth" are intended for use with adolescents, and the nature of children's developmental functioning presents particular challenges for accurate assessment. This article includes a brief review of risk factors and recommendations for preparing to conduct suicide risk assessments with children. Guidelines for mental health counselors who conduct developmentally appropriate risk assessments with children are detailed, and suggestions for consulting with caregivers are provided.
Abstract TP72: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) for Neuroprotection in Acute Cerebral Ischemia: Meta-analysis of Preclinical Studies and Implications for Human Clinical Trials

Introduction: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique safe and promising in early human studies of nonacute disorders (depression, OCD, stroke reco...
Neurological predictor scale is associated with academic achievement outcomes in long-term survivors of childhood brain tumors.

Survivors of childhood brain tumors exhibit impairments in academic performance and have lower rates of educational attainment compared to healthy same-aged peers. Prior research has demonstrated the concurrent validity of the Neurological Predictor Scale (NPS), a measure that incorporates tumor-related treatments and complications into one cumulative score, in predicting IQ, adaptive functioning, and core neurocognitive skills. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the NPS predicts academic achievement outcomes over and above the effects of individual treatment factors alone. Sixty-two adult survivors completed four untimed measures of academic achievement from the Woodcock–Johnson III. NPS scores significantly predicted performance on all four academic measures: Letter Word ID (R2 = − 0.454, p < .01), Calculation (R2 = − 0.494, p < .01), Spelling (R2 = − 0.428, p < .01) and Passage Comprehension (R2 = − 0.447, p < .01). 16% of survivors were impaired on the Letter Word ID, 23% on Calculation, 19% on Spelling, and 11% on Passage Comprehension subtests with impairment defined as z ≤ − 1.5. The NPS predicted academic outcomes over and above chemotherapy, surgery, seizure medication, endocrine dysfunction, hydrocephalus, and radiation on all measures. This study extends prior research by demonstrating that the NPS is significantly associated with academic achievement in survivors on average 15.9 years after diagnosis. The NPS may be especially helpful in clinical research when studies lack the statistical power to investigate how treatments and neurological conditions individually contribute to outcomes.
Autonomous Precision Pouring From Unknown Containers

We autonomously pour from unknown symmetric containers found in a typical wet laboratory for the development of a robot-assisted, rapid experiment preparation system. The robot estimates the pouring container symmetric geometry, then leverages simulated pours as priors for a given fluid to pour precisely and quickly in a single attempt. The fluid is detected in the transparent receiving container by combining weight and vision. The change of volume in the receiver is a function of the geometry of the pouring container, the pouring angle, and rate. To determine the volumetric flow rate, the profile for maximum containable volume for a given angle is estimated along with the time delay of the fluid exiting the container. A trapezoidal trajectory generation algorithm prescribes the desired volumetric flow rate as a function of the estimation accuracy. A hybrid control strategy is then used to attenuate volumetric error. Three methods are compared for estimating the volume-angle profile, and it is shown that a combination of online system identification and leveraged model priors results in reliable performance. The major contributions of this work are a system capable of pouring quickly and precisely from varying symmetric containers in a single attempt with limited priors, and a novel fluid detection method. This system is implemented on the Rethink Robotics Sawyer and KUKA LBR iiwa manipulators.
News Algorithms, Photojournalism and the Assumption of Mechanical Objectivity in Journalism

This article interrogates the relationship between epistemic authority and journalistic technology through the perspective of mechanical objectivity—a belief in technological systems capable of ren...
Braking control law for a barbell Electric Sail

Abstract The Electric Sail is investigated here with a focus on tether deployment. The Electric Sail is envisioned to deploy multiple greater than 1 km tethers connected to a central confluence point. The barbell Electric Sail which contains two satellites and two tethers connected to a central confluence point is investigated here. The deployment process is complex and has a high likelihood of creating unnecessary vibrations. In order to deploy the satellites, kinetic energy must be introduced into the system to separate the satellites. This kinetic energy must be removed without creating significant axial vibrations or the remainder of the mission will be compromised. Creating axial vibrations will impart a significant amount of fatigue on the system or could cause the entire system to collapse on itself. A braking mechanism is envisioned to be used to remove the kinetic energy via friction. The force vs time curve of the brake is the focus of this paper by investigating different braking control laws for the barbell Electric Sail. It is shown through simulation that using a Gaussian distribution for the braking force results in the lowest residual energy in the system. This is shown by using a previously derived multibody nonlinear simulation tool coupled to a visco elastic tether bead model.
Measuring Phloem Transport Velocity on a Tissue Level Using a Phloem-Mobile Dye

Here we describe an in vivo dye-tracking method for measuring phloem transport velocity in seedlings, leaves and petioles and potentially other translucent plant tissues. The method requires measurement of the fluorescent signal of a phloem-mobile fluorescent dye using sensitive photo-sensors placed external to the plant. Following dye application, velocity is determined using laser fluorescence bleaching and measuring the time it takes for the bleach front to reach a light sensor. This method can be used to measure phloem transport velocity on intact plants with minimal disturbance and has a potential to be used under a variety of growth conditions and in the field. Because there are large differences among species in their anatomy, this method should be optimized to individual plants and tissue types.
Infrastructure, sanitation, and management practices impact Listeria monocytogenes prevalence in retail grocery produce environments

Abstract We designed and implemented a comprehensive survey of facilities, management practices, and cleaning and sanitizing frequencies in 30 United States grocery retail produce departments to evaluate Listeria monocytogenes control strategies. Produce department managers completed the survey during a six-month longitudinal study of L. monocytogenes on food and non-food contact surfaces in retail produce departments. L. monocytogenes prevalence in each store was compared to survey responses both overall and by surface type. Pearson correlation and ANOVA were used to identify significant survey variables associated with L. monocytogenes prevalence. Tukey pairwise comparisons were conducted to elucidate the nature of significant effects (α = 0.05). Pooled water near misted produce case drain covers and lack of disposable glove changing oversight after touching non-food-contact surfaces (NFCS) significantly correlated with higher L. monocytogenes prevalence overall (p = 0.01, p = 0.002), on food-contact surfaces (FCS; p = 0.001, p = 0.01) and NFCS (p = 0.04, p = 0.003). Cleanability of bottom dry produce shelf, changing gloves after handling each type of produce, and selecting lateral role models among employment strongly correlated with lower L. monocytogenes prevalence overall (p = 0.02, p = 0.01, p = 0.01) and on NFCS (p = 0.02, p = 0.011, p = 0.01). Mixed results were found regarding inter-departmental traffic and cleaning time and frequency. General linear regression demonstrated a notable effect by 7 predictor variables synergistically upon L. monocytogenes prevalence (p = 0.0001 for overall, p = 0.0007 for FCS, p = 0.001 for NFCS). This is the first study to investigate the impact of facility design and management practices on L. monocytogenes prevalence in retail produce environments.
Improving Quantum Noise Suppression Using Spatial Beam Profile Optimization

We study how the addition of spatial masks, applied to a pump beam, improve quantum noise suppression using machine learning algorithms, and explore new ways of imaging quantum light structure.
Abstract 657: Long Noncoding RNA Ppp1r1b Regulates Myogenic Differentiation Through Modulating Histone 3 Methylation

Introduction: Emerged as critical epigenetic regulators of the transcriptome, the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cardiac development and might be targeted to treat human card...
How clone can you go? Seedbank density and a multiscale assessment of genotypic diversity in the seagrass Halodule wrightii

Abstract Seagrass conservation and management plans are placing increased emphasis on the collection of data related to seagrass bed “condition” such as vegetative characteristics, seed production and genetic diversity. One important aspect of genetic diversity in species that reproduce both sexually and asexually is genotypic diversity. Genotypic (clonal) diversity is usually described as the proportion of unique genets within a population (richness), but it can also be characterized in other ways such as the degree to which individual ramets are distributed among genets (evenness) or the spatial arrangement of genets relative to one another (architecture). Genotypic richness, evenness, and architecture have the potential to influence sexual reproduction by affecting the proximity of genets, a key feature in dioecious species where pollen dispersal is limited and clones can vary greatly in size. They may also differ substantially according to the scale at which they are measured. This study examined genotypic richness, evenness and architecture across multiple spatial scales in the seagrass Halodule wrightii, and its association with seedbank density from three sites in the northwest Gulf of Mexico. While the magnitude of diversity estimates differed, the overall patterns remained consistent across scales. Seedbank density ranged from 19 +/- 9–188 +/- 30 seeds m−2, following a gradient from north to south. The highest and most consistent production of seeds occurred at a site where richness (R: 0.24 - 0.42) and evenness (ED: 0.67 - 0.93) were uniformly high across spatial scales, and clonal architecture (Ac: 0.20 – 0.36) was represented by a high degree of intermingling.
Collaboration of human pickers and crop-transporting robots during harvesting – Part II: Simulator evaluation and robot-scheduling case-study

Harvest-aid robots that transport empty and full trays during manual harvesting of specialty crops such as strawberries or table grapes can increase harvest efficiency, by reducing pickers' non-productive walking times. In Part I of this work, a modeling framework, and a stochastic simulator were presented for all-manual and robot-aided harvesting. This paper reports Part II of our work, which utilized data gathered in two strawberry fields during harvesting, to estimate the stochastic parameters involved in modeling pickers, and evaluate the prediction accuracy of the simulator for all-manual picking. Then, as a case study, non-productive time and harvest efficiency were estimated for robot-aided harvesting, for various picker-robot ratios and three priority-based reactive dispatching strategies for the robots. The simulator predicted the pickers' non-productive time during all-manual harvesting, with 6.4%, 3%, and 1.2% errors for the morning, afternoon, and “all-day” harvesting shifts, respectively. Statistical testing verified that predicted non-productive times followed the same distributions as the measured non-productive times (5% significance level). Simulations robustness was assessed by using morning data to simulate afternoon harvesting and vice-versa: non-productive times distributions were predicted accurately (10% significance level). Robot-aided simulation results – using the calibrated simulator for a 25-picker crew – showed that all-manual harvest efficiencies of 81.8% and 78.2% for morning and afternoon shifts increased to 92% and 86.5%, respectively, when five robots were deployed. Different scheduling policies did not affect efficiency when more than five robots were used, because there were always enough robots to serve pickers' requests immediately. Also, harvest efficiency plateaued when more than five robots were used, as a consequence of the time needed for a robot to travel to a picker.
Encapsulación de la pulpa camu camu (Myciaria dubia) y deshidratado de las cápsulas

The objective of this work was to study the formation of the pulp of camu camu in a matrix of calcium alginate encapsulation using the drip method by immersion of alginate solution of sodium, followed by a drying operation by dragging the process of external Gelation occurs with the calcium ion diffusion from a source that surrounds the hydrocolloid towards neutral pH alginate solution. Gel formation begins in the interface and moves inside to the surface is saturated with calcium ions, so that from the salt of alginate sodium ion is displaced by the Divalent cation solubilized in water. This interacts with the G- blocks of different polymer molecules, linking them together. Although, the most widely used source of calcium has been CaCl2 due to its higher percentage of available calcium, there are other salts employed less frequently such as acetate monohydrate and calcium lactate. Pulp of camu camu refined and at pH 3.3 neutralized with baking soda to pH 4.6 and using the direct gelling with sodium alginate in a proportion of 1g / 100 g and applying the drip technique in solution of 1g calcium chloride / 100g. And after several trials was the technique to produce areas of camu camu which were sifted and dried at a temperature of 60 °C resulting in 7, 40 g. / 100 g of pulp camu camu.
TMIGD1, a putative tumor suppressor, induces G2-M cell cycle checkpoint arrest in colon cancer cells

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading non-familial cause of cancer mortality among men and women. Although various genetic and epigenetic mechanisms have been identified, the full molecular mechanisms deriving CRC tumorigenesis remains incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that cell adhesion molecule transmembrane and immunoglobulin domain containing1 (TMIGD1) is highly expressed in mouse and human normal intestinal epithelial cells. We have developed TMIGD1 knockout mice and show that the loss of TMIGD1 in mice results in the development of adenomas in small intestine and colon. Additionally, the loss of TMIGD1 in mouse impaired intestinal epithelium brush border formation, junctional polarity and maturation. Mechanistically, TMIGD1 inhibits tumor cell proliferation, cell migration, arrests cell cycle at G2/M phase and induces expression of p21CIP1 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1), and p27KIP1 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B) expression, key cell cycle inhibitor proteins involved in the regulation of the cell cycle. Moreover, we demonstrate that TMIGD1 is progressively downregulated in sporadic human CRC and correlates with poor overall survival. Our findings identify TMIGD1 as a novel tumor suppressor gene and provide insights into the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer and possibilities as a potential therapeutic target.
To Blindfold or Not to Blindfold? Is that the Question for O&M Instructors?:

This report demonstrates how partial occlusion can be used as an integral technique of O&M training for partially sighted individuals. It can encourage integration of good cane skills with better, ...