cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics and drug interactions: update for new antipsychotics.

Advances in our understanding of schizophrenia have led to a new generation of antipsychotic agents. These medications not only demonstrate reduced extrapyramidal symptoms but also possess pharmacologic profiles that can be especially advantageous in treating the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The pharmacokinetics of many of the newer agents are compared and contrasted with typical neuroleptics. Changes in the pharmacokinetics and dosage of the newer agents are also reviewed. A particular emphasis is placed on the metabolism of the newer agents and their potential for drug-drug pharmacokinetic interactions. Clozapine, the archetypal atypical agent, has a complex pharmacokinetic profile with extremely large interpatient variability and many well-documented drug-drug interactions. Thus, clozapine presents special challenges in dose optimization and requires vigilant clinical monitoring for cardiovascular, neurologic, and hematologic adverse effects. Olanzapine demonstrates a very low potential for drug-drug interactions ; it requires extremely high inhibitory concentrations at cytrochrome P450 (CYP) systems, typically 30-fold above the usual concentrations observed at steady-state oral high-dose therapy. The metabolic pathways of olanzapine include N-glucuronidation, reducing its overall sensitivity to drugs that might induce or inhibit its own metabolism via CYP or flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) systems. Plasma olanzapine concentrations at steady state typically demonstrate only a fourfold to fivefold variability among patients at a standard dose of medications. Sertindole and risperidone demonstrate polymorphic metabolism characteristics mirroring the CYP 2D6 phenotype. The inhibitory potentials of sertindole at CYP 2D6 and CYP 3A are modest and not likely to be of clinical significance. However, in those patients taking CYP 2D6 inhibitors or in those who are genotypic poor metabolizers, concentrations achieved by sertindole and its metabolites might result in moderate inhibition of CYP 3A.
How Do Adults With Down Syndrome Perceive Physical Activity

Adults with Down syndrome (DS) tend to have low physical activity levels, which may relate to how they perceive participation in physical activities. The current study entailed interviews with 30 adults with DS (age 18–71 yr, 18 women) to examine how they perceived physical activity, exercise, and sport. Through qualitative analysis informed by grounded theory, the investigators found that adults with DS have positive perceptions of physical activity that center on enjoyment. Three facets of enjoyment were identified: interaction, achievement, and process. Interaction reflected enjoyment of social contact with others including relatives, peers, caregivers, and animals. Achievement involved enjoyment of achieving particular ends including accomplishment of tasks, material rewards, formation of athletic identities, and improvement of health. Process represented enjoyment from performing a particular activity itself. This multifaceted enjoyment expressed by adults with DS may facilitate physical activity and...
Fathers on Parole: Narratives From the Margin:

This study, based on semi-structured interviews with 16 fathers on parole, focuses on perceived challenges experienced during their time in prison and post-release. Analysis of narrative accounts i...
Le Journal d’une Femme de Chambre: Mirbeau Renoir Buñuel

This study analyzes the adaptation of Octave Mirbeau’s novel, Le journal d’une femme de chambre, at the hands of Jean Renoir and Luis Bunuel. Different semiotic roots can be found, embedded in the main axes of each artists’ work. Besides the different languages involving film and literature, one can see that the creative genius of the three authors contributes a particular imprint that involves changes in the narration: the atmosphere created around the speech, the tone used, the characters’ definition and three different endings are determined by three artistic forces which produced three distinct and original cultural productions.
Violence Perpetrated by Mothers-in-Law in Northern India: Perceived Frequency, Acceptability, and Options for Survivors:

In India, physical and psychological abuse perpetrated by a mother-in-law against a daughter-in-law is well documented. However, there is a dearth of literature exploring the perceived frequency and acceptability of mother-in-law abuse or options available for survivors of this type of abuse. The goal of this qualitative study was to add to the in-law abuse literature by exploring men's and women's perspectives about physical and psychological abuse perpetrated by mothers-in-law against daughters-in-law in northern India. Forty-four women and 34 men residing in rural and urban areas of the Udaipur district in the northwest state of Rajasthan participated in semistructured interviews. Women, but not men, thought mother-in-law abuse was common in their communities. Psychological abuse was accepted in certain situations; however, few male or female participants agreed with physical mother-in-law abuse. Men were described as mediators in the context of mother-in-law abuse, and male participants thought that disrespecting a mother-in-law was a justifiable reason for a man to hit his wife. Both male and female participants described few options available for a woman experiencing mother-in-law abuse, apart from asking her husband to intervene or living as a separate, nuclear family. Grassroots initiatives and legislative policy should focus on addressing the immediate needs of women experiencing mother-in-law abuse and developing intergenerational interventions to educate men and women about the dynamics of law abuse.
Abstract 981: The design and characterization of a selective TRIM24 degrader

A fundamental biological understanding of the individual contributions of functional domains within multidomain proteins is critical to inform therapeutic approaches to targeting mechanisms driving human disease. TRIM24 is a multi-domain protein that has been broadly characterized as a co-regulator of transcription. It is therapeutically relevant as it is implicated as a dependency in many human cancers, however, the potent and selective inhibitors of the TRIM24 bromodomain do not have well-characterized phenotypic consequences. Where inhibition of one activity of a protein does not appear to be efficacious, chemical knockdown tools allow for the acute depletion of the entire protein, therefore eliminating all protein activities. In this study, we have used chemical degradation as one strategy to target the entire TRIM24 protein, where we have shown that a bifunctional degrader molecule hijacks the ubiquitin ligase machinery for targeted TRIM24 degradation. We have shown that TRIM24 degradation is required to perturb the oncogenic state in leukemia. In this context, TRIM24 degradation rather than bromodomain inhibition alone is required to displace TRIM24 from chromatin. Using this probe, a further understanding of the contribution of TRIM24 domains to its transcriptional activation function will provide mechanistic insight as to how TRIM24 promotes a gene expression program permissive of the oncogenic state, as well as inform a therapeutic approach to target multidomain proteins, such as TRIM24, that are tightly linked to disease. Citation Format: Lara N. Gechijian, Dennis Buckley, Matthew Lawlor, Thomas Scott, Joshiawa Paulk, Jaime Reyes, Georg Winter, Michael Erb, Chris Ott, Sirano Dhe-Paganon, James Bradner. The design and characterization of a selective TRIM24 degrader [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 981. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-981
Impact of Fluid Overload as New Toxicity Category on Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Outcomes

Abstract Fluid overload (FO) commonly occurs during hospitalization for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We hypothesized that FO is associated with transplantation outcomes and evaluated this complication in 2 cohorts of patients. FO was graded based on post-transplantation weight gain, symptoms, and need for treatment, scored in real time by an independent team. The first cohort (study cohort; n = 145) underwent haploidentical transplantation for hematologic malignancies following a melphalan-based conditioning regimen. In univariate analysis, factors associated with day +100 nonrelapse mortality (NRM) were FO grade ≥2 (hazard ratio [HR], 15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.2 to 55; P 1 mg/dL (HR, 4.7; 95% CI, 1.6 to 14; P = .005), and age >55 years (HR, 4.5; 95% CI, 1.5 to 13; P = .008). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with day +100 NRM were FO grade ≥2 (HR, 13.1; 95% CI, 3.4 to 50; P 1 mg/dL at transplantation admission (HR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.1 to 11; P = .03). These findings were verified in a separate cohort (validation cohort) of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome who underwent HLA-matched transplantation with busulfan-based conditioning (n = 449). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with day +100 NRM were FO grade ≥2 (HR, 34; 95% CI, 7.2 to 158; P
Robotic ventral mesh rectopexy for rectal prolapse: a single-institution experience.

Robotic ventral mesh rectopexy (RVMR) is an appealing approach for the treatment of rectal prolapse and other conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of RVMR for rectal prolapse. We performed a retrospective chart review for patients who underwent RVMR for rectal prolapse at our institution between July 2012 and May 2016. Any patient who underwent RVMR during this time frame was included in our analysis. Any cases involving colorectal resection or other rectopexy techniques were excluded. Of the 24 patients who underwent RVMR, 95.8% of patients were female. Median age was 67.5 years old (IQR 51.5–73.3), and 79.2% of patients were American Society of Anesthesiologists class III or IV. Median operative time was 191 min (IQR 164.3–242.5), and median length of stay was 3 days (IQR 2–3). There were no conversions, RVMR-related complications or mortality. Patients were followed for a median of 3.8 (IQR 1.2–15.9) months. Full-thickness recurrence occurred in 3 (12.4%) patients. Rates of fecal incontinence improved after surgery (62.5 vs. 41.5%, respectively) as did constipation (45.8 vs. 33.3%, respectively). No patients reported worsening symptoms postoperatively. Only one (4.2%) patient reported de novo constipation postoperatively. RVMR is a feasible, safe and effective option for the treatment of rectal prolapse, with low short-term morbidity and mortality. Multicenter and long-term studies are needed to better assess the benefits of this procedure.
Semi‐autonomous image‐guided brain tumour resection using an integrated robotic system: A bench‐top study

Background Complete brain tumour resection is an extremely critical factor for patients' survival rate and long-term quality of life. This paper introduces a prototype medical robotic system that aims to automatically detect and clean up brain tumour residues after the removal of tumour bulk through conventional surgery. Methods We focus on the development of an integrated surgical robotic system for image-guided robotic brain surgery. The Behavior Tree framework is explored to coordinate cross-platform medical subtasks. Results The integrated system was tested on a simulated laboratory platform. Results and performance indicate the feasibility of supervised semi-automation for residual brain tumour ablation in a simulated surgical cavity with sub-millimetre accuracy. The modularity in the control architecture allows straightforward integration of further medical devices. Conclusions This work presents a semi-automated laboratory setup, simulating an intraoperative robotic neurosurgical procedure with real-time endoscopic image guidance and provides a foundation for the future transition from engineering approaches to clinical application.
Basil of Caesarea’s Authorship of Epistle 361 and His Relationship with the Homoiousians Reconsidered

A comparative analysis of Ep. 361 and Eun. 1.19 in terms of language and ideas will offer a renewed confirmation (on internal grounds) of Basil of Caesarea’s authorship of Ep. 361 and a new perspective on Basil’s relationship with the Homoiousians. In addition, the article will also retrace the steps and revisit the purpose of Basil’s argument. Thus we discover in the early Basil an author simultaneously receptive to both Homoiousian and pro-Nicene visions, but leaning towards an improved Homoiousian solution. The article further investigates Basil’s vision of ousia in Ep. 361 and finds that—unlike in his later, mature, period—the early Basil shares with the Homoiousians and Eusebius of Caesarea two doctrinal elements, namely the understanding of ousia as individual substance and an associated theology of “likeness”. He inherits this view from a tradition originating in the third century, which received its official confirmation at the council of Antioch in 268. This vision is also present in the first part of Basil’s Contra Eunomium . Instead of considering Basil as a Homoiousian, one may see him, together with Eusebius and the Homoiousians, as a representative of the Antiochene legacy.
Encountering the Unexpected: Revelations of Trust, Vulnerability, and Embodied Ways of Knowing

ABSTRACTHealth communication scholars grapple with complex issues, many of which probe embodied sensibilities. This essay narrates a profound, unexpected moment that gives rise to notions of trust,...
Humanism and Skinner’s Radical Behaviorism

“Science” and “humanities” are usually placed in opposition. The contributions of the humanities are in areas that are not usually thought of as scientific, such as morality and values, aesthetics, and an understanding of ultimate purposes. But, like his eminent younger colleague E. O. Wilson, B. F. Skinner recognized no dividing line. Science in general, and radical behaviorism in particular, provide all the knowledge needed, he argued, to guide society into a happy and, above all, long-term, future. His confidence is widely shared. Most middle-class parents, most psychotherapists and educators, the majority of political and social theorists, whether behavior analytically inclined or not, all now share Skinner’s confident belief that what they do is grounded in science.1 They acknowledge traditional practices, but doubt they have much to learn from them. They believe that all questions are at bottom scientific questions. Science, in principle, embraces all knowledge. This view, it is not unfair to say, has become the religion of the educated elite.
Spatial Polygamy and the Heterogeneity of Place: Studying People and Place via Egocentric Methods

Since the early twentieth century, several academic disciplines have invested considerable energies in the study of people and their use of, and their connection to, place. One of the weakest areas of current practice in social science and health research is the conceptualization of place. For the most part, studies of the relationship between people and place, and specifically health and well-being outcomes, are based on several conventional, naive, and tenuous assumptions regarding place and human spatial behavior. In this chapter, I introduce the concept of spatial polygamy – briefly that we belong to multiple nested and nonnested places – and use this to critique the measure of place based on residential units such as the census tracts. It is important to note that the critique of the naive assumption of bounded, static, and isolated units such as census tracts in studies of place is not new. To illustrate this, I will review some literature from sociology and geography and some from almost a century ago. The empirical sections of the paper introduce two different types of research that seek to explore and better understand relationships between people and place. Using data gathered in ethnographic studies, I will show the complexity of lived lives and how the use of multiple place(s) varies in juggling different individual and family responsibilities among low-income and minority families. An approach based on secondary data from the US Census demonstrates a different way in which research on places can be more explicit about issues of scale and the spatial relationships between places. These two very different examples will be followed by a brief discussion of the research potential afforded by developments in new tracking technologies, innovative data collection methods, and methodological tools. The time is ripe for updating our conceptual models of place and to take advantage of emerging technologies, methods, and data. A renewed focus on theoretical and conceptual development will help to push research on place and health forward.
The Criminalization of Drug Use

Aux Etats-Unis, les consommateurs et detenteurs de substances illicites font l'objet de poursuites penales conduisant tres souvent a l'incarceration. Pour autant, cette politique repressive n'empeche pas le trafic de drogue de continuer a prosperer, et le cout de cette politique pour la societe est colossal. L'A. exprime ses doutes sur les bien-fondes de cette politique, en s'appuyant sur deux ouvrages : Forces of habit de David Courtwright et Reinventing justice de James Nolan
Decision-Making Analytics Using Plural Resilience Parameters for Adaptive Management of Complex Systems

It is critical for complex systems to effectively recover, adapt, and reorganize after system disruptions. Common approaches for evaluating system resilience typically study single measures of performance at one time, such as with a single resilience curve. However, multiple measures of performance are needed for complex systems that involve many components, functions, and noncommensurate valuations of performance. Hence, this article presents a framework for: (1) modeling resilience for complex systems with competing measures of performance, and (2) modeling decision making for investing in these systems using multiple stakeholder perspectives and multicriteria decision analysis. This resilience framework, which is described and demonstrated in this article via a real-world case study, will be of interest to managers of complex systems, such as supply chains and large-scale infrastructure networks.
Implications of International Leadership for All

As approaches to leadership learning are culturally examined and modified, educators will also need to do their own work to enhance their effectiveness in teaching and learning across culture.
Phenomenological Methodology and Aesthetic Experience: Essential Clarifications and Their Implications

This chapter examines phenomena of aesthetic experience and aesthetic creativity in terms of a qualitative dynamics of movement. It notes the lack of consideration of the foundational role of movement in human and other activity, and the need for thorough description of kinetic-tactile and kinaesthetic experience. It recommends the importance of phenomenological methods to achieve this task and outlines an application of such methods to phenomena of aesthetic creativity.
Cemented primary total hip arthroplasty using a direct anterior approach

Abstract Total hip arthroplasty is one of the most successful surgeries used in medicine today. A major complication associated with significant comorbidity for THA is periprosthetic fracture. A number of risk factors associated with periprosthetic fracture have been identified, including the use of uncemented femoral fixation. In patients with significant risk factors, we use a collarless, composite beam cemented stem in order to mitigate the risk of periprosthetic fractures. This article describes the surgical technique utilized to obtain a safe and effective cemented fixation through the direct anterior approach of the hip.
Reply to Nakatani and McLysaght: Analyzing deep duplication events

As we wrote in our original report of these events (1), readers should not rush to interpret the six ancient large-scale duplications in hexapods as whole-genome duplications (WGDs). Analyses of syntenic relationships are needed to understand the evolutionary processes underlying these large-scale duplications that we inferred with phylogenomic methods (1). Our analysis of the Bombyx genome was conducted in service of phylogenomic analyses and used standard BLASTP parameters to identify synteny (2). We found that paralogs associated with an inferred large-scale duplication in the ancestry of the Lepidoptera were more likely than chance to be on collinear chains (1). Like Nakatani and McLysaght (3), we observed … [↵][1]1To whom correspondence may be addressed. Email: liz7{at}email.arizona.edu or msbarker{at}email.arizona.edu. [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1
A Consumer UAV-based Air Quality Monitoring System for Smart Cities

Growing concerns on air pollution in large cities urge the development of new smart cities technologies to monitor and improve air quality of the cities. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is getting attentions in air monitoring applications due to its high maneuverability in both horizontal and vertical dimensions to obtain high-spatial-resolution and near-surface vertical profiling of atmosphere pollution. Low cost micro-sensors add additional advantages to UAVs to offer numerous advantages for capturing the spatial and temporal variability of air pollutants. Despite all these exciting prospects, challenges need to be studied and addressed to exploit UAV technologies for air quality monitoring. This work designs and develops a consumer UAV-based air quality monitoring system with off-the-shelf consumer components. The design enables a UAV to carry multiple sensors to accomplish real-time monitoring of multiple air pollutants. Our prototype and experiments verify the feasibility of the system and show that it features a stable and high precision spatial-temporal platform for air sample collection.
Reconstrução virtual da antiga Igreja Matriz de Curitiba: Análise de dimensões e implantação

The virtual reconstruction of vanished heritage is now a widespread practice around the world, due to the growing capacities of digital media to replicate and interpret lost or inaccessible cultural sites. Each effort within this growing industry presents unique challenges, from data collection to final digital models rendering, encompassing into diverse media outcomes the results of the technical, historical and archaeological research. The present article describes the efforts to determine the probable original dimensions of the Old Main Church of Curitiba, a structure demolished during the 19th Century. The vital data about the architectural features of the building originated from a historical photograph, rectified after the dimensions of a surviving clock. Additional information was obtained from paintings, drawings, maps, and contemporaneous buildings, involving historical research, image interpretation and digital reconstruction.
Facing East and Facing West: Iowa's Old Capitol Museum

Review of: "Facing East and Facing West: Iowa's Old Capitol Museum," by Linzee Kull McCray.
Development of 129 Chinese Children with Low Apgar Scores

Neonatal asphyxia is a common and serious complication at birth, often leading to neonatal death or later developmental defects. The development of 129 survivors of birth asphyxia (Apgar scores of 7 or less at 1 minute after birth) was assessed in this study by the American-normed Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST).
Preconception Leptin and Fecundability, Pregnancy, and Live Birth Among Women With a History of Pregnancy Loss.

Context With the increase of obesity, it is imperative to understand the neuroendocrine mechanisms, including the neuroendocrine hormone leptin, by which obese or overweight women are at increased risk for subfertility and infertility. Objective The objective was to examine associations between preconception serum leptin concentrations, fecundability, pregnancy, and live birth. Design Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort among women with prior pregnancy losses. Setting The study was conducted at four US medical centers (2006 to 2012). Intervention Not available. Materials and Methods Preconception serum leptin concentrations were measured at baseline, and women were followed for up to six menstrual cycles, and throughout pregnancy if they conceived. Discrete Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to assess fecundability odds ratios (FORs) and log-binomial regression to estimate risk ratios (RRs) for pregnancy and live birth. Models were adjusted for age, physical activity, treatment arm, and adiposity, either by measured waist-to-hip ratio or body mass index (BMI). Results High leptin concentrations were associated with decreased fecundability (FOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.58, 0.90), reduced risk of pregnancy (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.78, 0.96) and live birth (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.65, 0.89) comparing the upper to the lower tertile. However, adjustment for BMI in lieu of waist-to-hip ratio nullified observed associations. Conclusions In women with a history of pregnancy loss, relations between higher preconception leptin and fecundability were attenuated after adjustment for BMI, although not after adjustment for other markers of adiposity. Leptin may serve as a complementary marker of adiposity for assessment of obesity and reproductive outcomes.
An Opinion Diversity Enhanced Social Connection Recommendation Re-Ranking Method Based on Opinion Distance in Cyber Argumentation with Social Networking

The quality of crowd wisdom extracted from online communities decreases as the community becomes less ideologically diverse, which is an issue in many online spaces. One cause of this decline is that users tend not to engage with diverse, idea-challenging content that contrasts their prior opinions. However, they do tend to engage with content endorsed by their social connections, even if it goes against their personal opinion. Thus, by increasing the diversity of opinion in a user's social network, they will likely engage with more diverse content. We are developing a cyber argumentation system with social networking and present a social connection recommendation re-ranking method that promotes opinion diversity. We use artificial intelligence and data mining techniques to mine and analyze user opinions from argumentation data on important issues, then use furthest opinion distance to re-rank the recommendations. Our method is designed to easily integrate with existing social connection recommenders, which preserves platform specific criteria. We compare the opinion diversity of recommendations from five types of social connection recommendation methods, with and without our re-ranking method, on a large empirical dataset. Our results show that our method improves the recommended diversity by around 15% for five existing social connection recommendation methods, while only reordering around 50% of the initial social connection recommendations.
Longitudinal brain tumor segmentation prediction in MRI using feature and label fusion.

Abstract This work proposes a novel framework for brain tumor segmentation prediction in longitudinal multimodal MRI scans, comprising two methods; feature fusion and joint label fusion (JLF). The first method fuses stochastic multi-resolution texture features with tumor cell density feature to obtain tumor segmentation predictions in follow-up timepoints using data from baseline pre-operative timepoint. The cell density feature is obtained by solving the 3D reaction-diffusion equation for biophysical tumor growth modelling using the Lattice-Boltzmann method. The second method utilizes JLF to combine segmentation labels obtained from (i) the stochastic texture feature-based and Random Forest (RF)-based tumor segmentation method; and (ii) another state-of-the-art tumor growth and segmentation method, known as boosted Glioma Image Segmentation and Registration (GLISTRboost, or GB). We quantitatively evaluate both proposed methods using the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) in longitudinal scans of 9 patients from the public BraTS 2015 multi-institutional dataset. The evaluation results for the feature-based fusion method show improved tumor segmentation prediction for the whole tumor(DSCWT = 0.314, p = 0.1502), tumor core (DSCTC = 0.332, p = 0.0002), and enhancing tumor (DSCET = 0.448, p = 0.0002) regions. The feature-based fusion shows some improvement on tumor prediction of longitudinal brain tumor tracking, whereas the JLF offers statistically significant improvement on the actual segmentation of WT and ET (DSCWT = 0.85 ± 0.055, DSCET = 0.837 ± 0.074), and also improves the results of GB. The novelty of this work is two-fold: (a) exploit tumor cell density as a feature to predict brain tumor segmentation, using a stochastic multi-resolution RF-based method, and (b) improve the performance of another successful tumor segmentation method, GB, by fusing with the RF-based segmentation labels.
Recurrence patterns in patients with abnormal cardiophrenic lymph nodes at ovarian cancer diagnosis.

Objectives Metastases in cardiophrenic lymph nodes noted at diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer confer a poor prognosis. It is unclear if cardiophrenic nodal metastases portend an atypical pattern of recurrence. We report on patients with radiographically involved cardiophrenic lymph nodes who underwent optimal primary debulking surgery to describe patterns of recurrence and response to chemotherapy. Methods Patients undergoing primary debulking surgery for stage IIIC/IV epithelial ovarian carcinoma with residual disease ≤1.0 cm at our institution from 2003 to 2011 with a pre-operative computed tomography (CT) scan were identified. Scans were reviewed by blinded radiologists, who identified abnormal cardiophrenic lymph nodes via a qualitative assessment scale based on size, heterogeneity, and architecture. Results Of the 250 patients identified, a recurrence site was documented in 22/27 (81.5%) with abnormal pre-operative cardiophrenic lymph nodes (defined by an elevated Qualitative Assessment Scale (QAS) score of ≥4), and in 128/223 (57.4%) without abnormal pre-operative cardiophrenic lymph nodes. Median short axis and long axis lymph node diameters for these patients was 9 (range 6–15) mm and 15 (range 11–22) mm, respectively. Cardiophrenic lymph nodes were resected in one patient. Patients with abnormal cardiophrenic nodes are more likely to have synchronous recurrence in thorax/pelvis and abdomen (50.0% (11/22) vs 25.0% (32/128), p=0.02) and less likely to have isolated recurrence in pelvis or abdomen (40.9% (9/22) vs 68.0% (87/128)). All patients who had a CT scan after six cycles of chemotherapy had improvement (defined as reduction of QAS score) in cardiophrenic lymphadenopathy. Conclusions Despite cardiophrenic adenopathy demonstrating a complete radiographic response to chemotherapy, their presence pre-operatively is associated with an increased risk of recurrence in the thorax. Knowledge of this propensity to recur in the thorax is important to ensure all extra-abdominal recurrence sites are diagnosed and managed appropriately.
Exploring the Correlation between Stability, Fluxionality, and Absorption Spectra of Ultrasmall CdSe Clusters: A Computational Study

Various properties of (CdSe)3n clusters (n = 1–9) were obtained using computational techniques. Using a simple force field, a simulated annealing technique was employed to explore the potential ene...
A Self-Powered Biosensor for the Detection of Glutathione

Glutathione is an important biological molecule which can be an indicator of numerous diseases. A method for self-powered detection of glutathione levels in solution has been developed using an enzymatic biofuel cell. The device consists of a glucose oxidase anode and a bilirubin oxidase cathode. For the detection of glutathione, the inhibition of bilirubin oxidase leads to a measurable decrease in current and power output. The reported method has a detection limit of 0.043 mM and a linear range up to 1.7 mM. Being able to detect a range of concentrations can be useful in evaluating a patient’s health. This method has the potential to be implemented as a quick, low-cost alternative to previously reported methods.
Comparison of Livestock Emissions Measurements Using Open-Path Dual-Comb Spectroscopy and Closed-Path Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy

Open-path dual-comb spectroscopy is used to quantify CO2, CH4, H2O and NH3 concentrations adjacent to a cattle feedlot. In all cases except NH3, the data is compared against closed-path cavity ring-down spectroscopy.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa aggregates in cystic fibrosis sputum produce exopolysaccharides that likely impede current therapies

Summary In cystic fibrosis (CF) airways, Pseudomonas aeruginosa forms cellular aggregates called biofilms that are thought to contribute to chronic infection. To form aggregates, P. aeruginosa can use different mechanisms, each with its own pathogenic implications. However, how they form in vivo is controversial and unclear. One mechanism involves a bacterially produced extracellular matrix that holds the aggregates together. Pel and Psl exopolysaccharides are structural and protective components of this matrix. We develop an immunohistochemical method to visualize Pel and Psl in CF sputum. We demonstrate that both exopolysaccharides are expressed in the CF airways and that the morphology of aggregates is consistent with an exopolysaccharide-dependent aggregation mechanism. We reason that the cationic exopolysaccharide Pel may interact with some of the abundant anionic host polymers in sputum. We show that Pel binds extracellular DNA (eDNA) and that this interaction likely impacts current therapies by increasing antimicrobial tolerance and protecting eDNA from digestion.
Novel Approach in Labeling Data for Classification of Warning Level While Driving

A novel approach for predicting collision warning levels using a classifier that interprets a window of present and past relative positions between the ego vehicle and front object is considered. The premise assumes that the ego vehicle is equipped with a LiDAR, radar or camera that measures the relative distance. A machine learning approach is presented where the feature is the time-to-collision (TTC) which can be determined from Kalman filter estimate of distance, speed and acceleration. The classifier produces classes of warning labels that combines alert levels with watch levels. First part of the classifier called predictor classifier 1, produces the alert levels by evaluating the TTC value of current instance; however, the second part of the classifier called predictor classifier 2, produces the watch labels by applying a novel mathematical algorithm that interprets past values of TTC in a given window. Alert and watch labels are merged together by warning labels generator to produce the final labels for the dataset. This paper presents the formulation and simulation results for the machine learning approach that utilizes neural networks. A future extension of the result will address a deep learning approach where the Kalman filtering & TTC features will be eliminated.
Adaptive mesh based combustion simulations of direct fuel injection effects in a supersonic cavity flame-holder

Abstract We present high-fidelity reacting simulations of a supersonic cavity flame-holder configuration. The focus of this work is on flame stabilization brought about by varying the location of fuel injection in a cavity stabilized supersonic flow of air. Central to our approach is a compressible multi-species reacting flow solver that uses adaptive-mesh-refinement (AMR), enabling the resolution of flame, shock-waves, boundary-layers, and small-scale structures in the computational domain. Our analysis indicates that fuel injection closer to the ramp at the aft end of the cavity allows for greater mixing and lower peak temperatures compared to fuel injection upstream that is closer to the backward facing step of the cavity. This difference is mainly due to greater turbulent fluctuations generated from the shear-layer towards the cavity ramp, thereby enhancing the mixing of fuel and air. A low frequency oscillatory behaviour in heat-release and pressure was also observed for the upstream injection case while a much higher-frequency phenomena was observed in the near-ramp injection case. By identifying the important physical determinants of the combustion processes, this study illustrates a promising pathway to design and optimize direct fuel injection strategies in supersonic cavity flame-holders that can improve flame stability, combustion efficiency, and reduce emissions.
Developmental and Validation of The Illustrated Version of The Home Inventory for Dangers and Safety Precautions: Continuing to Address Learning Needs of Parents in Injury Prevention

This paper describes the development and validation of the Home Inventory for Dangers and Safety Precautions – Illustrated Version to be used with parents whose children are at significant risk for home injury. Because illustrations are useful in facilitating learning by parents who have difficulty ensuring child and self home safety, colored illustrations representing 6 home rooms or areas were empirically developed for assessment purposes. The dangers depicted were selected from previous work and represented those associated with the majority of family home injuries. Score-sheets contained dangers and associated precautions administered to 62 referred young parents. Administration and psychometric characteristics were examined; specific hypotheses were tested. Obtained measures of internal consistency for dangers and precautions for all illustrations (except for Stairway) and for totals were satisfactory. Administration was suitable for use with this population. Parents were able to identify approximately half of the depicted dangers while being able to provide a suitable precaution for 40%. Reading comprehension was predictive of danger identification whereas reading recognition was predictive of precautions given. The HIDSP-IV is useful in assessing a parent's knowledge of dangers and precautions from which more individualized home safety instruction can occur.
Capillary Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry with Chemical Ionization and Negative Ion Detection for Confirmation of Identity of Patulin in Apple Juice

Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with negative ion chemical ionization permits detection of underivatized patulin in apple juice extracts while minimizing co-extractive responses. The technique has been used with a variety of capillary columns in quadrupole, ion trap, and magnetic sector GC/MS instruments to confirm presumptive findings of patulin in apple juice at concentrations ranging from 68 to 3700 micrograms/L. The demonstrated ability to use any of these 3 mass spectrometers and several capillary columns to confirm the identity of patulin are significant strengths of the technique.
Fibrosing cytolytic liver failure secondary to recurrent hepatitis B after liver transplantation.

Abstract Four patients who underwent transplantation for hepatitis B virus-related liver disease developed rapidly progressive liver failure attributable to recurrent hepatitis B disease typified by hyperbilirubinemia and distinctive hepatocyte ballooning and progressive fibrosis consistent with recently reported fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis. Among these four patients, the mean interval from transplantation to redocumentation of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) was 5 months, to development of malaise and jaundice 6 months, to histological diagnosis 7 months, and to graft failure 8 months. The only patient who underwent retransplantation had accelerated recurrence of the same syndrome with biopsy documentation 1 month later and graft failure 2 months later. Distinctive histological features included confluent hepatocellular ballooning and progressive periportal fibrosis followed by lobular collapse over 4–6 weeks without significant inflammation. Immunohistochemical staining showed marked HBsAg and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) immunoreactivity. The rapid development of cytolytic hepatocellular necrosis and lobular collapse with prominent HBcAg immunoreactivity without significant inflammation suggests a cytolytic rather than immune pathogenesis for this unique and devastating form of recurrent hepatitis B that might better be termed "fibrosing cytolytic hepatitis."
Neurotransmitters as neurotrophic factors: a new set of functions.

Publisher Summary The classic neurotrophic factors, which include soluble factors such as nerve growth factor and adhesion components such as laminin, have been defined as (1) factors that prevent natural cell death and/or support neuron survival, (2) factors that induce neurite outgrowth, and (3) factors that induce a differentiated neuronal phenotype. The effects of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides on (1) cell division, (2) cell survival, (3) neurite sprouting and growth cone motility, and (4) a differentiated phenotype are discussed. The actions of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides are considered in terms of a broad spectrum of actions that range from the trophic actions described, to the classic transmitter actions, to potential roles in neurotoxicity. This spectrum probably reflects components related to the developmental age of the animal as well as components related to imbalances in the concentrations of specific agents. Glutamate appears necessary for cerebellar granule cell survival and can regulate hippocampal pyramidal cell neurite outgrowth developmentally, is clearly active as a neurotransmitter in the adult brain, and is equally clearly toxic if its concentration rises too high, particularly in the hippocampus.
A Model System to Study the Desorption and Biological Availability of PCB in Hydrosoils

Model aquatic systems incorporating hydrosoil, water, and fish components were used to measure the dynamics of Aroclor 1254 [polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)] under both flowing and static water conditions. PCB desorption from hydrosoils was consistent with adsorption-desorption theory. Under static conditions, hydrosoil PCB concentrations from 10 to 500 μg/g produced equilibrium levels of 0.13 to 7.60 μg/litre PCB in water. In continuous flow tests, equilibrium PCB levels in water ranged from 0.11 to 0.54 μg/litre for hydrosoil concentrations of 100 to 500 μg/g PCB. Equilibrium PCB concentrations in water could be predicted under both static and continuous flow conditions with the distribution coefficient equation. Desorption favored the lower-chlorinated, more water-soluble components of Aroclor 1254. Fathead minnows allowed direct contact with PCB-contaminated hydrosoils accumulated PCB residues at six times the rates of those screened from direct exposure to sediments. Fish selectively bioaccumulated the higher chlorinated components of Aroclor 1254.
Dermatopathologic manifestations of intravenous drug use

Background: The rate of intravenous drug use (IVDU) has been increasing nationally; however, cutaneous manifestations of IVDU have infrequently been investigated. We report a series of the clinicopathological correlation of IVDU in the skin. Methods: A search of surgical pathology files between the years 2000 and 2014 was performed for cutaneous specimens from patients with a reported history of IVDU for which the histopathological findings could not be attributed to another etiology. Ten cases for which slides were available were included in the study. Results: Patients had an average age of 39.7 years and had active or recent history of IVDU. Clinical impressions included ulcer, granulomatous dermatitis, vasculitis, pyoderma gangrenosum and hyperpigmentation at injection sites. Histopathology revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis (n = 2), dermal pigment deposition (n = 3), non-specific ulceration/scarring (n = 4) and necrobiosis lipoidica-like dermatitis (n = 1). No infectious etiology or polarizable foreign material was identified in any case. Conclusions: Cutaneous manifestations of IVDU should be considered in the differential as an etiology for dermatopathologic findings in high-risk patients. We report histopathological findings beyond the scope of those most commonly associated with IVDU. We aim to raise awareness of the cutaneous manifestations of IVDU to improve clinicopathological correlation and patient management in light of the ongoing epidemic.
Strengthening collegiate financial support for continuing education

Any plan to increase the resource allocations to continuing education should optimize social, psychological, and political forces that potentially influence the campus decision-making process.
Late-Life Migraine

Early in the evening of April 25,1990, a physician, 2 months shy of his 86th birthday, suffered a short dysphasic episode. The expressive aspect of speech apparently was more at fault, although reception also malfunctioned. His wife, realizing something was amiss, asked whether she might call his physician. He indicated not. Reclining briefly (a few minutes), he then arose and walked about, all the while "wriggling" his fingers, testing their function. There was the slightest cool sensation at the hairline of the left side of the forehead, which soon remitted. The entire episode lasted for a little less than an hour. He then took only a meager dinner rather than the usual repast. The next day, his relating these symptoms to physician associates occasioned a plethora of examinations, including, among others, blood pressure measurements, an electrocardiogram, chest films, ultrasound examination of carotid arteries in the neck, echocardiogram, and innumerable blood
Spread monolayers of lysozyme.

Abstract The monolayer properties of lysozyme were studied. This protein was found to be a difficult protein to spread as a monolayer. The Trurnit method of spreading proteins showed no significant advantage for lysozyme. The difficult spreading and the slow unfolding of lysozyme molecules were attributed to the very rigid structure caused by the high content of disulfide bonds in a rather small molecule. The completely spread monolayers of lysozyme were obtained on 3.5 M potassium chloride and on 3 M ammonium sulfate solutions at initial spreading areas larger than 1.5 m.2/mg. When this protein was spread on 3.5 M potassium chloride solutions at areas smaller than 1 m.2/mg., the spreading was incomplete. Compressibility coefficients of the incompletely spread films were compared with those of the completely spread monolayers, and the structure of the incompletely spread films was discussed.
Solid state reactions in the system Al2O3Nd2O3CaO: A system pertinent to radioactive waste disposal

Abstract High alumina ceramic phases are promising crystalline hosts for containment of radioactive wastes. The distribution of lanthanons in the calcia-alumina rich compositions, e.g., in CaAl 12 O 19 LnAl 11 O 18 type solid solutions, has been explored by using Nd as a model 4f element. The remaining phase compatibilities and solid solution ranges have been examined at 1300°C.
Hydrodynamical model of electron-positron annihilation into hadrons

Abstract Landau's hydrodynamical model of multiparticle production is formulated for e + e − → hadrons at center-of-momentum energies 10 GeV and higher. An analytical solution to the problem of spherical expansion of a relativistic fluid is presented. When hadrons condense out at the last stage of expansion, fluid thermal motion is taken into account. We derive predictions for multiplicities, average secondary energies and inclusive single particle distributions for various secondary hadrons; these results are then compared to other models. Finally, we investigate the internal consistency of the model.