cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Late-life depression: a neuropsychiatric approach

Late-life depression refers to depressive syndromes defined in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual and in the International Classification of Diseases that arise in adults older than 65 years of age. Late life depressive syndromes often arise in the context of medical and neurologic disorders. There is a high prevalence of depression in various neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Lewy body disease, Parkinson’s disease, cerebrovascular disease and frontotemporal dementias. It has been well recognized that late life depression may itself be the presenting symptom of a latent neurodegenerative disorder. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis of late-onset depression may serve to identify a high-risk group that would benefit from initiation of therapies with the goal of delaying or possibly even preventing the onset of dementia.
Project-based RF/Microwave education

Immediate application of learned fundamentals to laboratory work is standard practice in Electrical Engineering Education, but student explorations of basic RF/Microwave circuits at the transistor-electromagnetics level are particularly challenging. This paper describes an interconnected set of basic electromagnetic and transistor-level RF/Microwave modules that may be assembled into a short range wireless link or modulated scatterer radar system. These Analog/RF/Microwave building blocks are used across the Senior and Graduate Level curriculum.
Maternal diet and insulin secretion in islets of lactating, nonlactating, and young rats.

The effects of dietary phosphorus (P) on insulin secretion by pancreatic islets of rats at peak lactation (14 days after parturition) and by islets of nonlactating previously pregnant rats have bee...
Reliability of Doppler and Stethoscope Methods of Determining Systolic Blood Pressures: Considerations for Calculating an Ankle-Brachial Index

Purpose The purposes of this study were to: (1) identify the interrater and intrarater reliability of systolic blood pressures using a stethoscope and Doppler to determine an ante brachial index (ABI), and (2) to determine the correlation between the 2 methods.
No Names, Please: The Virtual Victimization of Children, Crime Victims, the Mentally Ill, and Others in Appellate Court Opinions

Google and other search engines allow anyone with Internet access the ability to obtain a wealth of information about their neighbors, acquaintances, employees, or even adversaries. Although easy access to information is generally a positive development, the easy discovery of highly personal and stigmatizing information often is not. It is particularly disconcerting when the information is being purveyed by appellate courts around the nation when they post hundreds of opinions to court websites every day. This Article surveys the use of initials and pseudonyms in appellate opinions for victims of crime, children, the mentally ill, jurors, and others. It discusses the relatively few and sometimes inconsistent rules or procedures applied by courts in deciding whose identities will be protected and whose will be exposed in very public opinions that will follow individuals for their lifetimes. It also offers four possible approaches to reform and concludes with a call for courts to be purposeful in adopting rules and procedures that provide meaningful protection, whatever form it might take.
The Neuroparalytic and Hemagglutinating Activities of Botulinum Toxin

Were any investigator of botulinum toxin asked to describe the poison’s taste, he would indeed be faced with a challenging question. It is unlikely there are surviving witnesses who could testify concerning the taste of toxin. Because the agent is so exceptionally lethal, a quantity sufficient to stimulate the palate would surely be fatal to an unprotected individual or animal. If the approximation of 0.5–5.0 μg toxin per human oral lethal dose is correct (Lamanna and Carr, 1967; Zacks et al., 1968), then a 5-ml volume of ingested fluid need contain only 10-9 m toxin. A molarity of 10-9 is several orders of magnitude beneath that needed to stimulate even the most sensitive of taste receptors.
Experiential Learning Enhances Student Knowledge Retention in the Plant Sciences

Experiential learning can be an important part of an undergraduate curriculum in the sciences. A new course, The Nature of Plants, was developed to provide students across a broad range of majors with an in-depth study of plant science both basic and applied. The course was enriched by using a local natural area as an informal learning environment. We examined whether experiential learning improved homework scores among students who participated in a field trip by asking if simply attending the field trip increased the homework score or if participation in the tree climbing exercise had any additional benefit. Our results show participating in a field trip experience when coupled with a homework assignment increased student homework scores. Moreover, the tree climbing portion of the field trip increased homework scores particularly for students not in a science major. This research supports experiential learning and the value of field trips within science courses focused on a comprehensive exploration of plants.
On the relapse case of low back pain after Love's operation

Of the patients with Love's operation for the lumbar disc lesion, eight patients have experienced a postoperative relapse of low back pain several years later.These patients show all a great amount of abnormal instability on the resected disc itself or its near disc level. While two patients have showed already a slight change on the near disc even at the preoperative stage, six patients give a mere suggestion of having some relation to the removed quantity from the disc.We treat six patients conservatively and undertake one patient the anterior fusion. One patient is now in hospital.
A chick embryo technic for intravenous and chemotherapeutic studies.

SummaryA chick embryo technic is described which possesses certain advantages over reported methods. The technic is applicable to many types of investigation. Quantitative data are presented on the distribution of sulfathiazole and promin the fertile egg.§
CHALLENGES IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION MANAGEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF DOUBLE INTERATRIAL SEPTUM

Double interatrial septum (DIS) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly, characterized by the presence of 2 distinct interatrial septa, enclosing a midline interatrial chamber. It is an important entity to recognize as it confers an increased risk of thrombus formation due to stasis within the
Cosmopolitanism and Neo-Baroque in the Narrative of Adolfo Cárdenas Franco

This article analyzes the first stage of Adolfo Cardenas Franco’s narrative, beginning with the collection of short stories compiled in Fastos marginales (1989) up to his first novel, Periferica Blvd. Opera rock-oco (2004). The analysis takes into consideration the use of narrative procedures identified as NeoBaroque and largely used during the so called Latin America’s cosmopolitan period (1880-1940). Cardenas experiments with the way in which oral representation is spoken in marginal sectors of Bolivian society, especially those from La Paz, and makes use of visual and sound procedures that have a Neo-Baroque dramatic quality. The complex result of the representation demands an active participation by the reader.
Application of General Linear Model to Analysis of Unbalanced Data from Regional Tests of Crop Varieties

The unbalanced data from regional tests of rice varieties in South China in 2002 were analyzed by general linear model(GLM). In comparison with traditional variance analysis model, GLM was an effective tool for analysis of unbalanced data from regional tests of crop varieties.\;
Epidemiological Analysis of Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis in Luan city in 2003～2007

Objective To analyze the characteristics of the incidence and epidemic trends of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in Luan city in 2003~2007 and to provide basis for making strategies and control programs of the disease.Methods Data from National Notifiable Diseases Registry System(NNDRS) and epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis surveillance system in 2003~2007 were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in 2003~2007 was 0.261/105,fatality rate was 6.25%.The seasonal incidence peaks were found in spring and winter.The incidence in students was higher than other people as well as in people from 15 to 19 ages.10 serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis strains were isolated.Conclusion In recent years,the risks of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis outbreak are still existing.We should emphasize on the prevention and control of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis in students and take integrated prevention measures by paying attention to the vaccination of the Meningococcal Meningitis vaccine and health education.
Study on state-of-the-art of FACTS and new transmission technologies and prospect of utilizing in UHV of China

This paper summarizes the international present status of development of new transmission technologies and new FACTS technologies,and then analyzes the prospect of utilizing of kinds of new transmission technologies and new FACTS technologies in China,combined with long-term planning of our strong and smart power grid in the Twelfth Five-year Program(2011-2015).Finally the paper gives suggestions of utilizing of kinds of new transmission technologies and new FACTS technologies in ultra high voltage(UHV) grid of China.
Comparison of electrical losses in an inverter-fed five-phase and three-phase permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor

This paper is to present a comparison of the electrical losses that occur in the five-phase and three-phase permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motors (PMa-SynRM). Minimizing the losses has been the best practice to get maximum efficiency from high performance motor drive systems. This paper investigated four types of electrical losses which are common in a motor drive. Comparative loss analysis are done for both machines that includes core losses, winding losses, switching losses and conduction losses. The efficiency have been calculated and compared for five-phase and three-phase machines. Extensive theoretical analysis has been done through the MATLAB Simulink and finite element analysis (FEA) to make the comparison. The experimental results are done for the five-phase system under maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) condition by utilizing 5hp dynamo system controlled with TI DSP (F28335) and five-phase inverter system.
Genetic Dissection of PARylation in the Filamentous Fungus Neurospora crassa

PARylation is a posttranslational protein modification carried out by PAR polymerases (PARPs). These enzymes function as ADP-ribose transferases that add polymers of ADP-ribose (PAR) to target proteins. PARP proteins have critical functions impacting the aspects of normal human health, such as aging, as well as disease development, particularly cancer. Recently, the powerful antitumor PARP inhibitor Olaparib was shown to be effective in blocking the progression of BRCA1/2-associated tumors, prompting Bruce Alberts to call for an expansion of cancer research beyond utilization of cancer cell lines to include model organisms, such as bacteria, yeast, worms, flies, and mice. Although Dr. Alberts did not specifically mention the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, it is now known that Neurospora is the only genetically tractable model eukaryote with completely dispensable PARylation. PARylation in Neurospora can be entirely eliminated by disruption of a single predicted ORF, encoding a nuclear localized PARP protein termed Neurospora PARP ortholog (NPO). We, thus, present this initial genetic characterization of PARylation in N. crassa as evidence of the supreme advantage of using Neurospora as a tool for the genetic dissection of PARP and PARylation and emphasize the power of this system to advance unparalleled contributions to knowledge in this field.
A novel multi-market optimization problem for commercial heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems providing ancillary services using multi-zone inverse comprehensive room transfer functions

Electricity grids increasingly include demand response in not only the energy market, but also grid-stabilizing ancillary services markets. Commercial buildings can provide demand response through use of their heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning systems to access the buildings’ thermal storage capacity. Within a model predictive control framework, commercial buildings can optimize demand response while respecting thermal comfort and system limits. In this article, a novel multi-market optimization problem that minimizes total operating costs, including energy costs, and separate revenues from regulation and reserve markets, is proposed. The 24-hour multi-zone and multi-market optimization problem is solved using a multi-zone inverse comprehensive room transfer function model of an 18-zone office building and accompanying variable air volume heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning system model. Optimal energy use, ancillary service provision, energy cost, and ancillary service revenues are report...
Revision of the Middle Cambrian trilobite Agnostus acadicus Hartt

Agnostus acadicus Hartt (in Dawson, 1868) was the first agnostoid trilobite to be described from Middle Cambrian strata in North America. It was later designated the type species of Acadagnostus Kobayashi, 1939. The original description of A. acadicus was based on two specimens, a cephalon and a pygidium, which are illustrated for the first time with photographs. These are interpreted to represent separate species, each belonging to a different genus. The holotype cephalon is reassigned as Peronopsis acadica, which is judged to be a subjective senior synonym of Agnostus fallax Linnarsson, 1869, and several other species-group taxa. Consequently, Acadagnostus is suppressed as a subjective junior synonym of Peronopsis. Agnostus fallax is the type species of Axagnostus Laurie, 1990, which also is suppressed as a subjective junior synonym of Peronopsis. The pygidium on which the original description of A. acadicus was based is reassigned to Hypagnostus parvifrons (Linnarsson, 1869).Peronopsis acadica, as emended, is a common, cosmopolitan agnostoid in open-marine lithofacies. It has an observed stratigraphic range from the Ptychagnostus praecurrens Interval-zone to the Ptychagnostus punctuosus Interval-zone.
Tic Severity and Psychological Function

The relationship between tic severity and neuropsychological function was examined in 12 monozygotic twin pairs with Tourette’s syndrome at the National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD.
What’s the matter with Huck Finn?

This paper explores some key commitments of the idea that it can be rational to do what you believe you ought not to do. I suggest that there is a prima facie tension between this idea and certain plausible coherence constraints on rational agency. I propose a way to resolve this tension. While akratic agents are always irrational, they are not always practically irrational, as many authors assume. Rather, “inverse” akratics like Huck Finn fail in a distinctively theoretical way. What explains why akratic agents are always either theoretically or practically irrational? I suggest that this is true because an agent’s total evidence determines both the beliefs and the intentions it is rational for her to have. Moreover, an agent’s evidence does so in a way such that it is never rational for the agent to at once believe that she ought to Φ and lack the intention to Φ.
The Relationship Between Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Psychiatric Illness: A Family Study

Although irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder among gastrointestinal clinic outpatients, it continues to be a diagnosis of exclusion. In treatment-seeking populations, IBS has been frequently associated with psychiatric illness, and this co-occurrence has added to controversy about the validity of the IBS diagnosis. This study is a preliminary effort to examine the nature of this relationship by using the family study design. The probands consisted of 20 patients with IBS and 20 patients who had undergone laproscopic cholecystectomy. Their first-degree relatives were interviewed to obtain lifetime diagnoses of functional gastrointestinal and psychiatric syndromes. Significantly more IBS probands had lifetime psychiatric illness than the cholecystectomy probands. The lifetime prevalence of IBS as well as other functional gastrointestinal syndromes was not significantly different between the groups of relatives. However, significantly more relatives of the IBS probands had lifetime psychiatric illness than the relatives of the cholecystectomy probands. Among the relatives with functional gastrointestinal disorders, significantly more had psychiatric illness. This preliminary study provides support for a relationship between IBS and psychiatric illness by the finding of an increased prevalence of psychiatric disorders among the relatives of patients who have IBS.
The use of Theory in Family Therapy Research: Content Analysis and Update

In this study, we evaluated 275 empirical studies from Journal of Marital and Family Therapy and Family Process from 2010 to 2015 on their use of theory, and compared our findings to those of a similar previous analysis (Hawley & Geske, 2000). Overall, theory seems to have become much better incorporated in empirical family therapy research, with only 16.4% of the articles not using theory in either their introductory or discussion sections. Theory appeared better incorporated in the introductory sections than in the discussion sections. Systems theory remained the most commonly used conceptual framework, followed by attachment theory. We discuss areas for improving theory incorporation in family therapy research, and offer suggestions for both family therapy researchers and educators.
A comparative analysis of infraorbital foramen size in Paleogene euarchontans

The size of the infraorbital foramen (IOF) is correlated with the size of the infraorbital nerve and number of mystacial vibrissae in mammals. Accordingly, IOF cross-sectional area has been used to infer both the rostral mechanoreceptive acuity and phylogenetic relationships of extinct crown primates and plesiadapiforms. Among living mammals, extant primates, scandentians, and dermopterans (Euarchonta) exhibit smaller IOF cross-sectional areas than most other mammals. Here we assess whether fossil adapoids, omomyoids, and plesiadapiforms show a reduction in relative IOF area similar to that characterizing extant euarchontans. The IOFs of 12 adapoid, 7 omomyoid, 15 plesiadapiform, and 3 fossil gliran species were measured and compared to a diverse extant mammalian sample. These data demonstrate that adapoids and omomyoids have IOFs that are similar in relative size to those of extant euarchontans. Conversely, IOFs of plesiadapiforms are on average about twice as large as those of extant euarchontans and are more comparable in size to those of extant non-euarchontan mammals. These results indicate that crown primates share a derived reduction in relative IOF size with treeshrews and colugos. Accordingly, a decreased reliance on the muzzle and an increased reliance on the hands for environmental exploration may have first evolved in the euarchontan stem lineage. However, the relatively large IOFs of plesiadapiforms imply a continued reliance on the muzzle for close exploration of objects. This finding may indicate that either parallel evolutionary decreases in IOF size occurred within Euarchonta or that plesiadapiforms lie outside the euarchontan crown group.
Letters to Children project: A letter-writing group designed to help incarcerated women develop or reinforce their roles as mothers

There are few evidence-based treatment programs for incarcerated mothers with promising outcomes. Recognizing this failure and the neglect of the children left behind, the researchers present a con...
Generic Model of an Intelligent Sensor Using the Object Oriented Paradigm

Abstract A novel approach to model generic intelligent sensors is presented. The degree of intelligence incorporated in the sensor is related to the following functional characteristics: (1) interpretation of sensed values using expressions that describe the sensed phenomenon, (2) estimation of future values or behaviors based on a history of data collected and an updated set of specifications describing the sensor's performance, and (3) learning of the sensor's own behavior and evolution, so it may update its ability to interpret and estimate, and always provide current, accurate and complete information. As sensors are physical objects, the object oriented paradigm is used to implement the model, Smalltalk/v is used as the object oriented environment. A structure for the model has been created and tested by instantiating simple versions of two intelligent sensors: a flowmeter and a frequency meter.
Nongenomic modulation of the large conductance voltage- and Ca2+-activated K+ channels by estrogen: A novel regulatory mechanism in human detrusor smooth muscle.

Estrogens have an important role in regulating detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) function. However, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms by which estrogens control human DSM excitability and contractility are not well known. Here, we used human DSM specimens from open bladder surgeries on 27 patients to elucidate the mechanism by which 17β-estradiol regulates large conductance voltage- and Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels, the most prominent K+ channels in human DSM. We employed single BK channel recordings on inside-out excised membrane patches, perforated whole-cell patch-clamp on freshly isolated DSM cells, and isometric tension recordings on DSM-isolated strips to investigate the mechanism by which 17β-estradiol activates BK channels. 17β-Estradiol (100 nmol/L) rapidly increased depolarization-induced whole-cell K+ currents in DSM cells. The 17β-estradiol stimulatory effects on whole-cell BK currents were completely abolished by the selective BK channel inhibitor paxilline (1 μmol/L), clearly indicating that 17β-estradiol specifically activates BK channels. 17β-Estradiol also increased the frequency of ryanodine receptor-mediated transient BK currents. Single BK channel recordings showed that 17β-estradiol (100 nmol/L) significantly increased the BK channel open probability of inside-out excised membrane patches, revealing that 17β-estradiol activates BK channels directly. 17β-Estradiol reduced spontaneous phasic contractions of human DSM-isolated strips in a concentration-dependent manner (100 nmol/L-1 μmol/L), and this effect was blocked by paxilline (1 μmol/L). 17β-Estradiol (100 nmol/L) also reduced nerve-evoked contractions of human DSM-isolated strips. Collectively, our results reveal that 17β-estradiol plays a critical role in regulating human DSM function through a direct nongenomic activation of BK channels.
Holistic Performance-Cost Metric for Post Moore Era

Here we demonstrated the first holistic metric which includes all critical performance and cost variables that accurately evaluates the overall abilities of post Moore’s law computing machines and matches with all historical data.
Computational simulation of the dynamics of secondary organic aerosol formation in an environmental chamber

A key atmospheric process that is studied in laboratory chambers is the oxidation of volatile organic compounds to form low volatility products that condense on existing atmospheric particles (or nucleate) to form organic aerosol, so-called secondary organic aerosol. The laboratory chamber operates as a chemical reactor, in which a number of chemical and physical processes take place: gas-phase chemistry, transport of vapor oxidation products to suspended particles followed by uptake into the particles, deposition of vapors on the walls of the chamber, deposition of particles on the walls of the chamber, and coagulation of suspended particles. Understanding the complex interplay among these simultaneous physicochemical processes is necessary in order to interpret the results of chamber experiments. Here we develop and utilize a comprehensive computational model for dynamics of vapors and particles in a laboratory chamber and analyze chamber behavior over a range of physicochemical conditions.
Global Evidence on the Association between Cigarette Graphic Warning Labels and Cigarette Smoking Prevalence and Consumption

Background: In 2011, the courts ruled in favor of tobacco companies in preventing the implementation of graphic warning labels (GWLs) in the US, stating that FDA had not established the effectiveness of GWLs in reducing smoking. Methods: Data came from various sources: the WHO MPOWER package (GWLs, MPOWER policy measures, cigarette prices), Euromonitor International (smoking prevalence, cigarette consumption), and the World Bank database (countries’ demographic characteristics). The datasets were aggregated and linked using country and year identifiers. Fractional logit regressions and OLS regressions were applied to examine the associations between GWLs and smoking prevalence and cigarette consumption, controlling for MPOWER policy scores, cigarette prices, GDP per capita, unemployment, population aged 15–64 (%), aged 65 and over (%), year indicators, and country fixed effects. Results: GWLs were associated with a 0.9–3 percentage point decrease in adult smoking prevalence and were significantly associated with a reduction of 230–287 sticks in per capita cigarette consumption, compared to countries without GWLs. However, the association between GWLs and cigarette consumption became statistically insignificant once country indicators were included in the models. Conclusions: The implementation of GWLs may be associated with reduced cigarette smoking.
A homozygous SCN5A mutation associated with atrial standstill and sudden death.

Background Atrial standstill is an arrhythmogenic condition characterized by the absence of spontaneous electrical and mechanical atrial activity or in response to stimulation. There are few reported familial cases which have been associated with SCN5A mutations cosegregating with GJA5 or RYR2; however, isolated SCN5A mutations are rare. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical and biophysical consequence of a novel SCN5A mutation identified in a family with progressive atrial standstill and sudden death. Methods The family of a sporadic case of congenital atrial standstill underwent genetic screening. Human Embryonic Kidney 293 cells were transfected with wild-type (WT) or mutant SCN5A cDNAs. Biophysical properties were studied using whole-cell using patch clamp methods. Results A novel homozygous SCN5A mutation, p.V1340L, was identified in the proband and her sister. The proband had complete atrial standstill whereas the sister had partial atrial standstill. Heterozygous mutations were identified in the mother, father, and brother. All three had normal sinus rhythm and were asymptomatic. The mutant Nav1.5(V1340L) reduced Nav1.5 current density as well as showed a depolarizing shift in the voltage-dependent steady-state activation (WT: -35.3 ± 1.62 mV; V1340L: -22.4 ± 2.59 mV; P = 0.001). Conclusions A homozygous loss-of-function SCN5A mutation likely results in atrial standstill and sudden death due to suppression of initiation of action potential.
Preliminaries: Sets, Relations, and Functions

This preliminary chapter informally reviews the prerequisite material for the rest of the book. Here we set up our notational conventions, introduce basic set-theoretic notions including the power set, ordered pairs, Cartesian product, relations, functions, and their properties, sequences, strings and words, indexed and unindexed families, partitions and equivalence relations, and the basic definition of linear order. Much of the material of this chapter can be found in introductory discrete mathematics texts.
Patient-initiated additional concerns in general surgery visits.

Abstract Objective To understand how and when patients initiate additional concerns in general surgery visits. Methods 175 video-recorded visits of a general surgery practice in rural Texas were collected, coded, and analyzed using Conversation analysis. Results Patients initiated 377 additional concerns, with 2 or more concerns raised in 80 visits, and 1 concern raised in 37 visits. Three methods of initiation were identified: fitted-to-topic (66%), fitted-to-activity (14%), and disjunctive (20%). Sixty percent of patient-initiated concerns occurred i) before the physical examination, compared to 14% after the physical exam, and ii) in pre-operative visits. Conclusions In contrast to the research on acute, primary care visits, patients in general surgery visits do not wait to present “door knob concerns.” Instead, patients in general surgery visits are more likely to initiate concerns early in the visit. Patients most frequently find and create opportunities to introduce new concerns by fitting them to the ongoing talk or activity. Practice implications Physicians should spend more time on the physical exam, as this phase creates a unique opportunity for patients to initiate concerns.
Recent progress in systemic sclerosis-interstitial lung disease.

Purpose of review Systemic sclerosis is a systemic autoimmune disorder wherein interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the major source or morbidity and mortality. Research into mechanisms of fibrosis and its intersection with autoimmunity, specifically lung fibrosis, has accelerated and been applied to autoimmune disorders such as scleroderma. This review highlights important emerging insights and treatment trials. Recent findings The important elements of this review focus on the challenges faced in identifying patients not only who develop lung disease but who are at a higher risk for progression given the heterogeneous natural history of ILD in scleroderma. Risk assessment scoring models using radiographic and physiologic parameters are highlighted and recent and ongoing clinical trials in scleroderma ILD are discussed. Summary The implications of much of this ongoing work is a potential paradigm shift in our ability to identify those patients at risk for progression, and to offer novel therapies that can limit the progression of inflammatory and fibrotic lung disease in this challenging group of patients.
Maverick: A Stand-alone CAD Flow for Xilinx 7-Series FPGAs

Traditionally, an FPGA vendor's own set of computer-aided design (CAD) tools are used to generate circuits for a given vendor's FPGAs. However, numerous non-vendor CAD tools have been introduced to supplement the vendor-provided tools, allowing novel ideas to be explored and a variety of technical challenges to be addressed. This poster presents Maverick, a stand-alone CAD flow for compiling Verilog to bitstreams for Xilinx 7-Series devices. After an initial configuration design is created with Xilinx's Vivado partial reconfiguration (PR) flow to define a static design and a PR region, the Maverick flow can then compile and map Verilog design into that PR region - without the use of vendor tools. The Maverick flow combines two existing open source projects (Yosys and Project X-Ray) with our own RapidSmith2 tools to form an end-to-end compilation flow. It uses Yosys (synthesis), RapidSmith2 (pack, place, route), and the Project X-Ray tools (bitstream generation), taking Verilog designs as input and generating partial bitstreams as output. Several modifications were made to these existing tools and completely new tools were created, including a new RapidSmith2-based router, as a part of this work. This poster details these CAD steps and shows the results of the CAD flow running on a PYNQ-Z1 SoC's ARM processor to compile a set of HDL designs to partial bitstreams. The resulting bitstreams were configured onto the PYNQ-Z1's FPGA fabric, demonstrating the feasibility of a single-chip system which can both compile HDL designs to bitstreams and then configure them onto its own fabric.
Environmental Health Sciences in a Translational Research Framework: More than Benches and Bedsides.

Background: Environmental health scientists may find it challenging to fit the structure of the questions addressed in their discipline into the prevailing paradigm for translational research. Obje...
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF A SERIES OF FLAPPED RUDDERS

Water tunnel experiments were performed to determine the freestream characteristics of a series of twelve rudders with systematic variations in the amount of flap area and flap balance. The results include plots of lift, drag, rudder moment and flap moment coefficients for a complete range of angles of attack and flap deflections. A comparison is made of the effectiveness of all-movable rudders, rudders with a fixed skeg and movable flap, and rudders with movable skegs and flaps. Maximum flap moments with zero balance are compared to the maximum moment of a balanced all-movable rudder.
Tactical technical communication in communities: legitimizing community-created user-generated instructions

User-created guides, or the "do-it-yourself" (DIY) genre of online procedural discourse, offer their audience access to vital knowledge while allowing them to bypass traditional gatekeeping mechanisms. Some vulnerable communities must further subvert or "hack" institutions to gain access to information that they need to survive exclusive or oppressive policies. In this article, we present original data in an effort to legitimize the work these communities have done while also challenging the boundaries of what constitutes successful design. Edenfield shares his research of medical information-sharing practices of DIY hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for trans individuals. Ledbetter's study of YouTube's beauty community involved collecting and analyzing user-generated makeup tutorials on YouTube as well as interviewing women who self-identify as members of the community. Both studies prompt a reconsideration of what it means to create successful instructional guides. We suggest strategies for avoiding institutional appropriation of these communities' work and for identifying community spaces and the borders that can protect the wellbeing of marginalized individuals.
Exploring Language Learning Style Preferences of the ELT Graduate Students

The paper aims at discovering the language learning style preferences of the ELT graduate students of the English Department of the University of Dhaka. The paper explores the students’ learning style preferences based on Reid’s (1984) six perceptual learning style categories such as visual, auditory, kinesthetic, tactile, group and individual style preferences. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected using a questionnaire and interview of the ELT students of a public university in Bangladesh. The results revealed that the ELT students are more or less aware of their own learning styles and the way they learn better. It was found out from the study that majority of the students preferred the auditory style of learning while individual style is the least preferred. The study also brings students’ opinions regarding learning styles in the field of learning ESL (English as a Second Language) or EFL (English as a Foreign Language) to light. The paper then discusses the implications of the findings and offers some recommendations regarding the need to identify students’ learning styles in Bangladeshi classroom.
Geospatial Analysis: A New Window Into Educational Equity, Access, and Opportunity:

A robust body of geographic education policy research has been amassing over the past 25 years, as researchers from a variety of disciplinary backgrounds have recognized the value of examining educ...
Lemons: Leveraging Model-Based Techniques to Enable Non-Intrusive Semantic Enrichment in Wireless Sensor Networks

The paper presents an efficient approach to the semantic enrichment of measured sensor data in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), by bridging techniques from Model-driven Software Development (MDSD) and Semantic Web Technology (SWT). Our approach reinforces data interoperability, fostering data sharing and reuse, by utilizing SWT. Model-based and type-agnostic configuration reduces the overall effort for WSN setup and maintenance, which are traditionally complex and time-consuming tasks. The presented approach addresses the problem of large-scale WSN management through the application of SWT in WSN configuration and management without requiring expert knowledge. Additionally, we present a generic architecture and an implementation which is also supplemented by hands-on descriptions of an illustrative use case. Our experimental results demonstrate that our model-based approach provides non-intrusive semantic enrichment with sub-millisecond computational overhead, as well as partially automated configuration of WSNs.
Pressure Support vs. Thermal Broadening in the Lyman-alpha Forest II: Effects of the Equation of State on Transverse Structure

We examine the impact of gas pressure on the transverse coherence of high-redshift (2 <= z <= 4) Lyman-alpha forest absorption along neighboring lines of sight that probe the gas Jeans scale (projected separation Delta r <= 500 kpc/h comoving; angular separation Delta theta <= 30"). We compare predictions from two smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations that have different photoionization heating rates and thus different temperature-density relations in the intergalactic medium (IGM). We also compare spectra computed from the gas distributions to those computed from the pressureless dark matter. The coherence along neighboring sightlines is markedly higher for the hotter, higher pressure simulation, and lower for the dark matter spectra. We quantify this coherence using the flux cross-correlation function and the conditional distribution of flux decrements as a function of transverse and line-of-sight (velocity) separation. Sightlines separated by Delta theta <= 15" are ideal for probing this transverse coherence. Higher pressure decreases the redshift-space anisotropy of the flux correlation function, while higher thermal broadening increases the anisotropy. In contrast to the longitudinal (line-of-sight) structure of the Lya forest, the transverse structure on these scales is dominated by pressure effects rather than thermal broadening. With the rapid recent growth in the number of known close quasar pairs, paired line-of-sight observations offer a promising new route to probe the IGM temperature-density relation and test the unexpectedly high temperatures that have been inferred from single sightline analyses.
Swimming kinematics and performance of spinal transected lampreys with different levels of axon regeneration

Abstract Neural and functional recovery in lampreys from spinal cord transection has been well documented. However, the extent of axon regeneration is highly variable and it is not known whether it is related to the level of behavioral recovery. To address this, we examined how swimming kinematics were related to axon regeneration by quantifying the relationship between swimming performance and percent axon regeneration of transected lampreys after 11 weeks of recovery. We found that swimming speed was not related to percent axon regeneration but it was closely related to body wave frequency and speed. However, wave frequency and speed varied greatly within individuals which resulted in swimming speed also varying within individuals. In fact, most recovered individuals, regardless of percent axon regeneration, could swim at fast and slow speeds. However, none of the transected individuals were able to generate body waves as large as the control lampreys. In order to swim faster, transected lampreys increased their wave frequencies and, as a result, transected lampreys had much higher frequencies than control lamprey at comparable swimming velocities. These data suggest that the control lampreys swam more efficiently than transected lampreys. In conclusion, there appears to be a minimal recovery threshold in terms of percent axon regeneration required for lampreys to be capable of swimming, however, there also seems to be a limit to how much they can behaviorally recover.
Immunity to childhood vaccines following high dose chemotherapy (HDCT) and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for germ cell tumors (GCT) with comparison to Hodgkin lymphoma (HL).

5017Background: HDCT/ASCT represents a curative salvage treatment for patients with GCT but is rarely used for other solid tumors. Patients undergoing HDCT/ASCT for hematologic neoplasms require re...
Heats of Solution of Apatites, Human Enamel and Dicalcium-Phosphate in Dilute Hydrochloric Acid

The solubility of hydroxyapatite and dental enamel in water and various buffered solutions has been studied extensively by many investigators and only a few will be listed in the references1–12. Heats of wetting and heats of immersion have been measured for water on synthetic hydroxyapatite and ground tooth structure by Tsuchitani, et al.13,14 and Brauer and Huget15,16. The latter authors17,18, as did Pitt19, studied the degree of surface modification produced by various ions and functional groups in an aqueous environment by measuring the heats of immersion.
Suppression of turbulent resistivity in turbulent Couette flow

Turbulent transport in rapidly rotating shear flow very efficiently transports angular momentum, a critical feature of instabilities responsible both for the dynamics of accretion disks and the turbulent power dissipation in a centrifuge. Turbulent mixing can efficiently transport other quantities like heat and even magnetic flux by enhanced diffusion. This enhancement is particularly evident in homogeneous, isotropic turbulent flows of liquid metals. In the New Mexico dynamo experiment, the effective resistivity is measured using both differential rotation and pulsed magnetic field decay to demonstrate that at very high Reynolds number rotating shear flow can be described entirely by mean flow induction with very little contribution from correlated velocity fluctuations.
Studies on the metabolism of calciferol XII. Production in vitro of 1,24,25-(OH)3-vitamin D3 and a search for its occurrence in vivo.

Abstract The kidney has been demonstrated to be the site of synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (24,25-(OH) 2 -D 3 ), both arising via 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 . The present study demonstrates that chicken kidney homogenates can convert 24,25-(OH) 2 -D 3 to a more polar metabolite. This metabolite has been tentatively identified as 1,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D 3 based on chromatographic mobility and susceptibility to periodate cleavage. It was not possible to demonstrate the presence of this compound in vivo in tissues (intestine, liver, kidney, blood) obtained from chickens raised under either high (3%) or low (0.05%) dietary calcium conditions, given chronic physiological doses of radioactive vitamin D 3 for 8 days.
Complement-fixing antigens in Burkitt lymphoma cell lines.

Abstract The complement-fixing (CF) activity of antigens from cultured Burkitt lymphoma cells was determined by using normal American sera as the source of antibody. Approximately 75% of the sera fixed complement with the positive cell lines. These lines contained the herpes-like virus detectable by electron microscopy. The content of CF antigen depended on the cell line used but appeared to be independent of the number of cells which produced Henle's immunofluorescence (IF) antigen. Only sera that reacted in the IF test also contained CF antibodies to the crude cell extracts.
The Shape Operator for Differential Analysis of Images

This work provides a new technique for surface oriented volumetric image analysis. The method makes no assumptions about topology, instead constructing a local neighborhood from image information, such as a segmentation or edge map, to define a surface patch. Neighborhood constructions using extrinsic and intrinsic distances are given. This representation allows one to estimate differential properties directly from the image’s Gauss map. We develop a novel technique for this purpose which estimates the shape operator and yields both principal directions and curvatures. Only first derivatives need be estimated, making the method numerically stable. We show the use of these measures for multi-scale classification of image structure by the mean and Gaussian curvatures. Finally, we propose to register image volumes by surface curvature. This is particularly useful when geometry is the only variable. To illustrate this, we register binary segmented data by surface curvature, both rigidly and non-rigidly. A novel variant of Demons registration, extensible for use with differentiable similarity metrics, is also applied for deformable curvature-driven registration of medical images.
Role of PI(4,5)P 2 in Vesicle Exocytosis and Membrane Fusion

A role for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) in membrane fusion was originally identified for regulated dense-core vesicle exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells. Subsequent studies demonstrated essential roles for PI(4,5)P2 in regulated synaptic vesicle and constitutive vesicle exocytosis. For regulated dense-core vesicle exocytosis, PI(4,5)P2 appears to be primarily required for priming, a stage in vesicle exocytosis that follows vesicle docking and precedes Ca2 +-triggered fusion. The priming step involves the organization of SNARE protein complexes for fusion. A central issue concerns the mechanisms by which PI(4,5)P2 exerts an essential role in membrane fusion events at the plasma membrane. The observed microdomains of PI(4,5)P2 in the plasma membrane of neuroendocrine cells at fusion sites has suggested possible direct effects of the phosphoinositide on membrane curvature and tension. More likely, PI(4,5)P2 functions in vesicle exocytosis as in other cellular processes to recruit and activate PI(4,5)P2-binding proteins. CAPS and Munc13 proteins, which bind PI(4,5)P2 and function in vesicle priming to organize SNARE proteins, are key candidates as effectors for the role of PI(4,5)P2 in vesicle priming. Consistent with roles prior to fusion that affect SNARE function, subunits of the exocyst tethering complex involved in constitutive vesicle exocytosis also bind PI(4,5)P2. Additional roles for PI(4,5)P2 in fusion pore dilation have been described, which may involve other PI(4,5)P2-binding proteins such as synaptotagmin. Lastly, the SNARE proteins that mediate exocytic vesicle fusion contain highly basic membrane-proximal domains that interact with acidic phospholipids that likely affect their function.
Electronic Commons, Community Policing, and Communication

In recent years, scholars and practitioners have bemoaned the decline in public life. The "commons," as the worry goes, is shrinking. The article investigates the effort by the Washington, DC, Metropolitan Police Department (DC MPD) to facilitate an electronic commons in which residents and police department personnel can work together, via online discussion groups, to address crime and safety issues. Using both quantitative and qualitative methods, the article analyzes the threads originating between July 2005 and December 2007 to answer two research questions. Do the online discussion groups fulfill the spirit of an electronic commons? What is the nature of the online relationship between the police and the community? The findings show that although DC MPD has created an avenue for online discussion, it has had mixed success in creating an electronic commons. Insights are provided for public administrators for fostering social media to create an electronic commons, and suggestions for future scholarship.