cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia and the Presence of Human Vascular Endothelial Cells Affect Prostate Cancer Cell Invasion and Metabolism

Tumor progression and metastasis are influenced by hypoxia, as well as by interactions between cancer cells and components of the stroma, such as endothelial cells. Here, we have used a magnetic resonance (MR)-compatible invasion assay to further understand the effects of hypoxia on human prostate cancer cell invasion and metabolism in the presence and absence of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Additionally, we compared endogenous activities of selected proteases related to invasion in PC-3 cells and HUVECs, profiled gene expression of PC-3 cells by microarray, and evaluated cell proliferation of PC-3 cells and HUVECs by flow cytometry, under hypoxic and oxygenated conditions. The invasion of less-invasive DU-145 cells was not affected by either hypoxia or the presence of HUVECs. However, hypoxia significantly decreased the invasion of PC-3 cells. This hypoxia-induced decrease was attenuated by the presence of HUVECs, whereas under oxygenated conditions, HUVECs did not alter the invasion of PC-3 cells. Cell metabolism changed distinctly with hypoxia and invasion. The endogenous activity of selected extracellular proteases, although altered by hypoxia, did not fully explain the hypoxia-induced changes in invasion. Gene expression profiling indicated that hypoxia affects multiple cellular functions and pathways.
Independent modulation of hepatic protein kinase activities.

Abstract The effects of hormonal status on protein kinase activity was examined in homogenates of rat liver. Protein kinase activity was evaluated from incorporation of 32P from [γ-32P]ATP into protamine or histone as receptor substrates. Protamine phosphorylation in the presence or absence of cyclic AMP exceeded histone phosphorylation by at least a factor or two. Hypophysectomy markedly increased protamine phosphorylation in the presence or absence of saturating amounts of cyclic AMP. In contrast, hypophysectomy only slightly increased cyclic AMP independent phosphorylation of histone. These results could not be accounted for by differences in ATPase or protein phosphase activities. Cortisone (2 mg/day × 3) decreased total protein kinase activity in livers of hypophysectomized rats when protamine was substrate, but had no effect on the total activity toward histone. Growth hormone (100 μg/day × 3) significantly increased histone, but not protamine phosphorylation in livers of hypophysectomized rats. Administration of 5 μg of triiodothyronine/day to hypophysectomized rats also markedly increased the phosphorylation of histone, but not protamine when saturating amounts of cyclic AMP were present. These results support the hypothesis that liver may contain more than one type of protein kinase activity and that the different protein kinase activities can be separately affected by hormones. Such control distal to cyclic AMP might allow selective modulation of cyclic AMP-dependent processes in cells which carry out more than one such process.
Charcot-Marie-tooth disease: a new paradigm for the mechanism of inherited disease

Recent work has identified the genes and mutational mechanisms that underlie several inherited diseases of the peripheral nervous system and has provided both the first genetic rationale for classification of these disorders and an insight into their biological basis. These studies have yielded some surprising findings, including the discovery that two very different mutational mechanisms (duplication and point mutation) can result in a similar clinical phenotype in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A, and that mutations involving the same gene can give rise to different clinical phenotypes.
Condom use assessment of persons in drug abuse treatment.

The purpose of this study was to objectively and quantitatively assess individual skill level of male condom use. This study developed a reliable and face valid assessment of correct male condom use based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria. Participants (N=163) were recruited from persons in treatment for cocaine addiction. Condom use was assessed on the basis of correct completion of eight discrete steps. An overall score of 40 correct condom use indicated the need for training in this sample. Assessment showed training needs especially related to steps involving reduction of ejaculate leakage and steps related to potential hazards of nonoxynol-9 use. Frequency of condom use was also assessed; there was no correlation between frequency of condom use and condom use skill. Drug addiction treatment programs are encouraged to incorporate HIV risk reduction programs that teach condom use skills and use the CUDOS as an empirical measure of condom skill acquisition.
MoO3 catalysts promoted by MnMoO4 II. Effect of O2 concentration and temperature in selective oxidation of 1-butene to maleic anhydride

In a previous paper, the authors have reported the results of a study where they focused their attention on catalytic activity and selectivity of pure MoO{sub 3} and attempted to modify its catalytic behavior by bringing its surfaces into close contact with MnMoO{sub 4}. While their characterization experiments revealed the two-phase nature of the MnMoO{sub 4}/MoO{sub 3} catalyst, the activity studies showed a pronounced promoter effect in selective oxidation of both 1-butene and 1,3-butadiene to maleic anhydride, suggesting a possible synergy between the two phases. This note presents the results of their selective oxidation studies where the effect of temperature and oxygen partial pressure on catalytic behavior of the pure phases (MoO{sub 3} and MnMoO{sub 4}) as well as the two phase catalyst (MnMoO{sub 4}/MoO{sub 3}) has been investigated in conversion of 1-butene to maleic anhydride. All catalysts were characterized in detail using BET surface area measurement, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray analysis, laser Raman spectroscopy and Raman microprobe techniques.
A Synthetic Information Approach to Urban-Scale Disaster Modeling

We describe a large-scale simulation of a hypothetical nuclear detonation in an urban region. Simulating such a complex scenario requires modeling the population and its interactions with interdependent infrastructures such as transportation, communications, and healthcare. Our work represents the first model of a behaving human population, resolved to the individual level, where agents make decisions based on their health state, environmental conditions, and (informational) awareness. This "big simulation" approach requires a large amount of carefully curated data at the input, which is combined into a "synthetic information" model. The simulation is database-driven in a novel architecture that enables scaling, and it produces large amounts of data that in turn require advanced analytics in order to extract policy-relevant conclusions. We present results from a spatio-temporal analysis that draw out the connections between spatial variations in population behaviors and health outcomes.
Early Outcomes of Darunavir- and/or Raltegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in Children with Multidrug-Resistant HIV at a Pediatric Center in Botswana

Background:Data on the use of ritonavir-boosted darunavir (DRV/r) and/or raltegravir (RAL) in resource-limited settings are rare and there is currently no published data regarding their use among A...
Who Creates Housing Bubbles? An Agent-Based Study

This paper develops an agent-based spatial model of the housing market. A house is many families’ biggest asset. It is also widely held by financial institutions, in the form of mortgage-backed securities. As a result, avoiding extreme housing price volatility is crucial for maintaining financial stability of the nation. The housing market is very unique: it is less liquid, highly regulated, highly leveraged, involves speculative behaviors, and exhibits spatial correlations. To this day, there are few housing market models that take into account all of these complications. In this paper, we propose an agent-based spatial model of the U.S. housing market. Preliminary results show that sensible aggregate outcomes that are generated from individual interaction, and a lenient lending criteria might be responsible for causing a housing bubble.
Intravital Fluorescence Microscopy Improves Thrombosis Phenotype Scoring in Mice

Over the past 15 years, the laboratory mouse has yielded a wealth of information on the pathogenesis of thrombosis. To a large extent, the driving force behind the use of mice to study thrombosis has been the remarkable advances in molecular approaches to selectively modifying gene expression, thereby allowing analyses of the function of specific blood and vascular wall proteins in vivo. Although all murine blood vessels might be considered small, studies of thrombosis in mice have been categorized as macrovascular and microvascular. The former pertains to conductance arteries and large veins, such as the carotid artery, aorta, inferior vena cava, and jugular vein. Studies of these blood vessels are relevant to human diseases such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and deep venous thrombosis. Microvascular thrombosis models have involved analyses of arterioles (diameters approximately 30 to 100 μm) within vascular beds that can be exteriorized en bloc and imaged microscopically as thin sections, such as those of the cremaster muscle and mesentery.1,2 Microvascular studies are relevant to …
Decision-making's impact on organizational learning and information overload

Abstract Although an abundance of academic literature positions organizational information processing as antecedent to decision making, little attention is paid to the possibility that decision making can be antecedent to certain elements of organizational information processing. Specifically, does the decision making process impact the type of organizational learning that takes place? Do different approaches to decision making alter the amount and variety of information made available to the organization, that is, the level of information overload? This paper examines incremental and comprehensive decision making to understand the effects of different decision making types on organizational learning and information overload. Incrementalism suggests that decision making should take place in small steps or increments. This approach analyzes only a few scenarios to make decisions resulting in few, if any, major organizational changes. However, comprehensive decision making requires the consideration of all possible scenarios and potential outcomes, resulting in a major overhaul of traditions and procedures within the organization. Consequently, each decision making approach has a different impact on organizational learning and information overload.
Continuing the Engagement: Psalms Research Since the Early 1990s

Updating the writer’s previous essay in Currents, ‘Engaging the Psalms: Gains and Trends in Recent Research’ (1994), this extensive essay targets the many diverse books and articles reflecting the multi-faceted research on the Psalms published during the past two decades. While necessarily selective, this survey opens with article and book-length studies focused on the Psalter in its entirety. These studies range from those primarily intended for novice readers, to intricate, in-depth scholarly commentaries. Subsequently, many publications invested in more specific topics are discussed. These address the Psalms in their ancient Near Eastern milieu, probe crucial form-critical and rhetorical-critical issues, and focus on the shaping of the Psalter, its potential as a book of theology, and its reception across the centuries.
Optimal brightness functions for optical flow estimation of deformable motion

Estimation accuracy of Horn and Schunck's (1981) classical optical flow algorithm depends on many factors including the brightness pattern of the measured images. Since some applications can select brightness functions with which to "paint" the object, it is desirable to know what patterns will lead to the best motion estimates. The paper presents a method for determining this pattern a priori using mild assumptions about the velocity field and imaging process. The method is based on formulating Horn and Schunck's algorithm as a linear smoother and rigorously deriving an expression for the corresponding error covariance function. The authors then specify a scalar performance measure and develop an approach to select an optimal brightness function which minimizes this performance measure from within a parametrized class. Conditions for existence of an optimal brightness function are also given. The resulting optimal performance is demonstrated using simulations, and a discussion of these results and potential future research is given. >
Scheduling with flexible resources in parallel workcenters to minimize maximum completion time

In this paper we consider the parallel machine scheduling problem with dual resource constraints with the objective of minimizing the maximum completion time. We develop heuristics that combine list-scheduling and bin-packing approaches with rules to iteratively modify the flexible resource allocation. A lower bound is presented and the previous and proposed solution approaches to the problem are analyzed under a variety of experimental conditions, demonstrating that there are advantages to the proposed heuristics.
"Hangin' out" and "Yarnin'": Reflecting on the experience of collecting oral histories

Weilmoringle or Wayilmarrangkalku means ‘old man saltbush’ in the Muruwari language. It is a remote Aboriginal community and pastoral property two-hours northeast of Bourke and it is where I grew up. This article explores my ambivalent feelings, triggered by returning there after many years away. In collecting oral histories for community/family research, I am faced with many social and ethical issues, as well as personal ones. I am learning much about the impediments to the application of oral history methods and approaches, which arise from the multiple and interchangeable roles and responsibilities of the researcher as a community person, family member, and researcher. Through 'hangin’ out' at Weilmoringle, trying to learn about other people's connections and disconnections to place, I have begun my own journey of rediscovery and reconnection. This paper is published by invitation, as the winner of the inaugural John Ferry Prize.
Covariance among premating, post-copulatory and viability fitness components in Drosophila melanogaster and their influence on paternity measurement.

In polyandrous mating systems, male fitness depends on success in premating, post-copulatory and offspring viability episodes of selection. We tracked male success across all of these episodes simultaneously, using transgenic Drosophila melanogaster with ubiquitously expressed green fluorescent protein (i.e. GFP) in a series of competitive and noncompetitive matings. This approach permitted us to track paternity-specific viability over all life stages and to distinguish true competitive fertilization success from differential early offspring viability. Relationships between episodes of selection were generally not present when paternity was measured in eggs; however, positive correlations between sperm competitive success and offspring viability became significant when paternity was measured in adult offspring. Additionally, we found a significant male × female interaction on hatching success and a lack of repeatability of offspring viability across a focal male’s matings, which may underlay the limited number of correlations found between episodes of selection.
A volume sorting hidden-surface algorithm

A description is given of a volume sorting hidden-surface removal algorithm that is analogous to the list-priority algorithm but computes the definitive drawing list for volumetric objects rather than for polygons. The algorithm is implemented by using a bounding volume technique that simplifies the volume sorting. Bounding volumes can be further organized into a hierarchical structure to achieve a linear computational complexity. >
Intermediate Ocean Wave Termination Using a Cycloidal Wave Energy Converter

We investigate a lift based wave energy converter (WEC), namely, a cycloidal turbine, as a wave termination device. A cycloidal turbine employs the same geometry as the well established Cycloidal or Voith-Schneider Propeller. The interaction of intermediate water waves with the Cycloidal WEC is presented in this paper. The cycloidal WEC consists of a shaft and one or more hydrofoils that are attached eccentrically to the main shaft and can be adjusted in pitch angle as the Cycloidal WEC rotates. The main shaft is aligned parallel to the wave crests and fully submerged at a fixed depth. We show that the geometry of the Cycloidal WEC is suitable for wave termination of straight crested waves. Two-dimensional potential flow simulations are presented where the hydrofoils are modeled as point vortices. The operation of the Cycloidal WEC both as a wave generator as well as a wave energy converter interacting with a linear Airy wave is demonstrated. The influence that the design parameters radius and submergence depth on the performance of the WEC have is shown. For optimal parameter choices, we demonstrate inviscid energy conversion efficiencies of up to 95% of the incoming wave energy to shaft energy. This is achieved by using feedback control to synchronize the rotational rate and phase of the Cycloidal WEC to the incoming wave. While we show complete termination of the incoming wave, the remainder of the energy is lost to harmonic waves travelling in the upwave and downwave direction.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
Clustering of dependent components: a new paradigm for fMRI signal detection

Exploratory data-driven methods such as unsupervised clustering and independent component analysis (ICA) are considered to be hypothesis-generating procedures and are complementary to the hypothesis-led statistical inferential methods in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Recently, a new paradigm in ICA emerged, that of finding "clusters" of dependent components. This intriguing idea found its implementation into two new ICA algorithms: tree-dependent and topographic ICA. For fMRI, this represents the unifying paradigm of combining two powerful exploratory data analysis methods, ICA and unsupervised clustering techniques. For the fMRI data, a comparative quantitative evaluation between the two methods, tree-dependent and topographic ICA, was performed. The comparative results were evaluated by (1) task-related activation maps, (2) associated time courses, and (3) ROC study. The most important findings in this paper are that (1) both tree-dependent and topographic ICA are able to identify signal components with high correlation to the fMRI stimulus, and that (2) topographic ICA outperforms all other ICA methods including tree-dependent ICA for 8 and 9 ICs. However for 16 ICs, topographic ICA is outperformed by tree-dependent ICA (KGV) using as an approximation of the mutual information the kernel generalized variance. The applicability of the new algorithm is demonstrated on experimental data.
Oestrogen and stroke in women: assessment of risk

Summary The Women's Health Initiative reported an increased risk of stroke with hormone therapy, which has had a major effect on the use of these drugs. The increased risk was unexpected because research with animals showed that oestrogen reduces the extent of experimental strokes, and in human beings, oestrogen improves endothelial-dependent blood flow and lipid profiles. The mechanisms of risk might be related to oestrogen's proinflammatory and prothrombotic effects. However, the overall risk is still uncertain because of the complex actions of oestrogen at different doses, with or without progesterone, and the presence or absence of atherosclerotic risk factors. A similar debate about oral contraceptives and stroke risk in young women continues as data accumulate. Further studies are needed to identify the mechanisms of risk of stroke with oestrogen, as well as the risk factors that put women at particularly high risk of stroke with these hormones.
Troubled Pasts: News and the Collective Memory of Social Unrest

Troubled Pasts: News and the Collective Memory of Social Unrest. By Jill A. Edy. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2006. 240p. $71.50 cloth, $23.95 paper. Jill A. Edy seeks to answer a difficult question: How do Americans construct a “collective” memory—as opposed to individual memories—of past events through the news media? Edy focuses her analysis on two case studies: the 1965 Watts riots in Los Angeles and the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago. She chose these cases because they were complicated, significant, newsworthy events when they occurred and each case became a basis of comparison for contemporary events. In 1992, South Central Los Angeles, including Watts, erupted into riots again after the acquittal of police officers who had beaten motorist Rodney King, and in 1996, the Democratic Party once again held its national convention in Chicago.
Energy-intensiveness of transportation

Historical, present, and possible future patterns of energy consumption in the transportation sector are examined for intercity freight and passenger traffic and for urban passenger traffic. The energy-efficiencies among the various transport modes are quite variable. Airplanes are relatively inefficient; cars and trucks are slightly more efficient; and railroads, waterways, pipelines, mass transit, and buses are quite efficient. The energy implications of changes in modal mix for freight and passenger transport are explored using two hypothetical futures.
Infectious diseases resources for the iPhone.

Modern technology has revolutionized the clinician’s ability to have vast information resources available literally at one’s fingertips. The advent of the smartphone—an integration of the mobile phone with an ultraportable computer, web browser, multimedia player, and camera, has given clinicians the capability to merge their information and communication resources into one compact handheld instrument. Apple’s iPhone, and its sister device, the iPod touch, with a combined customer base of more than 50 million users and more than 100,000 downloadable applications, are now the leading handheld platforms for medical personnel to access personal information, medical reference, clinical data, and medically oriented “apps” on the go. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of some of the diverse infectious diseases-oriented resources available to the iPhone/iPod touch user. The medical student’s book-laden lab coat has been as much a part of the lore of medicine as the stethoscope or the Aesculapian staff. Generations of clinicians have long sought ways to have medical information accessible at arm’s length. The internet brought vast information resources to a physician’s desktop. With the acceptance of electronic media by the medical community came a desire to make these resources portable. The advent of the smartphone—an integration of the mobile phone with an ultraportable computer, web browser, multimedia player, and camera—has given clinicians the capability to merge their information and communication resources into one compact and
Conexión intrínseca entre la pragmática y la gramática

Previous studies suggest that grammar is a prerequisite to Language 2 or second/foreign language (L2) pragmatic acquisition, although high grammatical competence does not guarantee high pragmatic competence. This study more extensively examines the correlation between these two competencies. In the year 2013 at a North American university, 29 Spanish students at the intermediate-high level took a grammar test and a pragmatic test. The pragmatic test assessed requests, invitations, refusals, and apologies in Spanish. In comparing the two, the results suggest a positive relationship between pragmatic and grammatical competencies. Therefore, this research supports previous studies showing that the grammatical competence of students of foreign languages is necessary for the development of pragmatic competence; however, it is not sufficient for it in and of itself.
Chromatin interactions correlate with local transcriptional activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Genome organization is crucial for efficiently responding to DNA damage and regulating transcription. In this study, we relate the genome organization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) to its transcription activity by analyzing published circularized chromosome conformation capture (4C) data in conjunction with eight separate datasets describing genome-wide transcription rate or RNA polymerase II (Pol II) occupancy. We find that large chromosome segments are more likely to interact in areas that have high transcription rate or Pol II occupancy. Additionally, we find that groups of genes with similar transcription rates or similar Pol II occupancy are more likely to have higher numbers of chromosomal interactions than groups of random genes. We hypothesize that transcription localization occurs around sets of genes with similar transcription rates, and more often around genes that are highly transcribed, in order to produce more efficient transcription. Our analysis cannot discern whether gene co-localization occurs because of similar transcription rates or whether similar transcription rates are a consequence of co-localization.
E-government Maturity over 10 Years: A Comparative Analysis of E-government Maturity in Select Countries Around the World

Over the past decade, we have seen a revolution in the provision of e-government services to citizens. While information communication technologies (ICT) make it possible to develop and deploy e-government services, there are remarkable differences in the reasons behind varying levels of e-government use in different countries. While developed countries, e.g., United States and many European countries, have advanced ICT infrastructures, e-government services usage by citizens is still limited. Developing countries are still struggling to develop and deploy basic infrastructure for ICT, which limits people’s ability to use e-government services that have already been developed. This contrast presents a unique set of issues, which poses challenges to citizens to efficiently and effectively use e-government services. This study examines several developed and developing countries from six continents around the globe on the basis of their past and current e-government initiatives, discuss goals, and objectives as well as benefits and challenges of e-government. The countries we examine include: United States and Canada (North America); United Kingdom and Germany (Europe); India, and Pakistan (Asia); Australia and New Zealand (Australia); Kenya and Nigeria (Africa); Argentina and Brazil (South America). We use published, archival, and current reports to examine the e-government maturity in each of the countries. Understanding the trends and challenges in e-government will help policy makers, developers, and service providers design and deliver better e-government services.
Evaluation of Non-Watertight Dural Reconstruction with Collagen Matrix Onlay Graft in Posterior Fossa Surgery

Objective Many surgeons advocate for watertight dural reconstruction after posterior fossa surgery given the significant risk of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. Little evidence exists for posterior fossa dural reconstruction utilizing monolayer collagen matrix onlay graft in a non-watertight fashion. Our objective was to report the results of using collagen matrix in a non-watertight fashion for posterior fossa dural reconstruction.
Study of the reaction 12C (α, γ0)16O in the excitation energy range 14 to 24.7 MeV☆

Abstract The differential cross-section at 450 for the reaction 12C (α, γ0)16O has been measured for incident energies from 8.75 to 23.50 MeV. Over the entire range the cross-section is smaller than 0.5 μb/sr. Three major resonances were investigated and their parameters are presented.
Adaptation of distal tubule and collecting duct to increased Na delivery. II. Na+ and K+ transport.

This study was conducted to determine whether a chronic increase in sodium delivery to, and sodium uptake by, the distal tubule stimulates the transport capacity of this tubular segment. To increase the rate of sodium delivery to the distal tubule, furosemide (12 mg/day) was administered continuously to rats by osmotic minipump for 6 days. Volume depletion was prevented by giving the animals a drinking solution containing 0.8% NaCl and 0.1% KCl. Control animals were given vehicle (0.9% NaCl) by osmotic minipump and tap water to drink. All animals were adrenalectomized and given replacement doses of aldosterone (0.5 microgram.100 g-1.day-1) and dexamethasone (1.2 microgram.100 g-1.day-1) to eliminate changes in adrenal corticosteroid levels. Furosemide was withdrawn 12 h before sodium and potassium transport rates were measured in distal tubules by in vivo microperfusion. We found that increased sodium uptake dramatically enhanced the transport capacity of the distal tubule. Sodium absorption rose from 71.7 to 316.7 pmol.min-1.mm-1, and potassium secretion increased from 30.7 to 73.7 pmol.min-1.mm-1. This response was accompanied by an increase in cell and mitochondrial volume and by proliferation of the basolateral membrane of distal convoluted cells, connecting tubule cells, and principal cells in the distal tubule. We conclude that a chronic increase in sodium uptake by the distal tubule, independent of alterations in extracellular fluid volume and aldosterone levels, stimulates the transport capacity of this nephron segment in part by inducing specific alterations in cell ultrastructure.
Experimental Measurements of Convective Mass Transfer from a Surface Due to a Bound Vortex Flow

A host of manufacturing methods and mechanical processes depend on e cient convective mass and/or heat transfer. The use of ‘bound vortex’ impingement is shown to provide intense, localized, and well controlled heat and mass transfer enhancement. The bound vortex concept has been previously investigated by Vachon and Hitt as a means for enhancing surface shear stress for particulate dust removal applications. This study investigates the influence of bound vortex flow on the mass and heat transfer from an impinged surface over a range of flow conditions. Naphthalene sublimations techniques are employed to capture local mass transfer distributions and the Colburn analogy is used to interpret the results in terms of the local Nusselt number. Experimental flow conditions are recreated computationally and compare favorably with the experimental data. Convective mass and heat transport characteristics show that the bound vortex flow structure is capable of providing intense, localized, and well controlled transport enhancement. When compared to traditional a swirling flow impingement, an increase of 66% in peak Nusselt number and a 355% gain in average Nusselt value was observed for the optimal bound vortex condition.
Leaders’ Behaviors During Radical Change Processes Subordinates’ Perceptions of How Well Leader Behaviors Communicate Change

This research asked 252 upper-, middle-, and first-line-level managers in organizations experiencing radical change to assess the effects of their own leaders’ communications and behaviors on their perceptions of the change process. Results indicated that the frequency of exhibition of most behaviors by leaders positively affected subordinates’ perceptions of change. For three types of behaviors, soliciting upward feedback, driving change, and providing resources, the importance of these behaviors to the subordinates’ moderated perceptions of the change process. Discussion of these results and their implications conclude the study.
Diffuse Epithelial Downgrowth Associated With an Extruded Anterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Haptic.

Background:Anterior chamber intraocular lenses (ACIOL) have been known to be associated with several complications, including endophthalmitis. We present a patient who developed another type of severe complication: epithelial downgrowth associated with an extruded footplate of an ACIOL.Methods:Case
Parental Grief Following the Death of a Child from Cancer: The Ongoing Odyssey

Background The death of a child is a devastating event that results in profound grief and significant psychosocial and physical morbidities in parents. The parental grief journey is a complex phenomenon necessitating the utilization of newer models of bereavement with a focus on relationships and exploration of parents’ perceived meanings of the experience. Objectives To further characterize the grief journey of parents whose child died from cancer in order to better identify parents who can benefit from additional bereavement support and design strategies to improve bereavement services for these parents. Design We conducted focus group sessions with 11 bereaved parents. The parents were given two prompts to describe their grief journey before and after their child's death, and their responses in a narrative form were audio-recorded. The responses were coded and studied independently by semantic content analysis. Results Collation and analysis of the coded responses to both prompts results in the emergence of four concepts from the parental narratives: (1) description of the grief trajectory and evolution of grief over time, (2) mechanisms of parental coping throughout the grief journey, (3) factors that exacerbate parental grief, and (4) sources of parental support throughout the grief journey. Conclusions The narratives highlighted that parents whose child died of cancer experience a unique and evolving form of grief and they wish to continue their bond with the deceased child. We recommend that healthcare providers and institutions incorporate support systems into a comprehensive bereavement program for families of children who die from cancer.
HEMATOLOGICAL CHANGES FOLLOWING THE ADMINISTRATION OF LARGE DOSES OF QUINACRINE HYDROCHLORIDE

The administration of quinacrine to rats, mice, rabbits, hamsters, guinea-pigs, dogs, monkeys, chickens, and ducks results in definite hematological changes. Peculiar basophilic inclusions, usually associated with vacuoles, appear in the cytoplasm of lymphocytes of all nine species following drug therapy. Inclusions of a similar nature are seen in erythrocytes of the rat, mouse, and hamster and rarely in monocytes of the rat. The rat shows an anemia, polynucleosis, lymphopenia, and monocytosis after quinacrine dosing. None of the other species develop a leukocytosis or monocytosis, but they sometimes show a polynucleosis and lymphopenia after quinacrine therapy. Leukopenia occurs in the monkey and occasionally in the dog following the use of this drug. ACKNOWLEDGMENT: Grateful acknowledgment is due to Drs. H. Molitor and H. A. Charipper, who so willingly gave of their time in discussing this problem and in offering suggestions and criticisms.
SU-F-P-32: A Phantom Study of Accuracy of Four-Dimensional Cone-Beam CT (4D-CBCT) Vs. Three-Dimensional Cone Beam CT (3D-CBCT) in Image Guided Radiotherapy

Purpose: SymmetryTM 4D IGRT system of Elekta has been installed at our institution, which offers the 4D CBCT registration option. This study is to evaluate the accuracy of 4D CBCT system by using the CIRS 4D motion phantom and to perform a feasibility study on the implementation of 4D-CBCT as image guidance for SBRT treatment. Methods: The 3D and 4D CT image data sets are acquired using the CIRS motion phantom on a Philips large bore CT simulator. The motion was set as 0.5 cm superior and inferior directions with 6 seconds recycle time. The 4D CT data were sorted as 10 phases. One identifiable part of the 4D CT QA insert from CIRS phantom was used as the target. The ITV MIP was drawn based on maximum intensity projection (MIP) and transferred as a planning structure into 4D CBCT system. Then the 3D CBCT and 4D CBCT images were taken and registered with the free breath (3D), MIP (4D) and average intensity projection (AIP)(4D) reference data sets. The couch shifts (X, Y, Z) are recorded and compared. Results: Table 1 listed the twelve couch shifts based on the registration of MIP, AIP and free breath CT data sets with 3D CBCT and 4D CBCT for both whole body and local registration. X, Y and Z represent couch shifts in the direction of the right-left, superior-inferior and anterior-posterior. The biggest differences of 0.73 cm and 0.57 cm are noted in the free breath CT data with 4D CBCT and 3D CBCT data registration. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the shift analysis in diagram. Fig. 3 shows the registration. Conclusion: Significant differences exist in the shifts corresponding with the direction of target motion. Further investigations are ongoing.
Katherine Philips’s Elegies and Historical Figuration

ABSTRACTThis essay investigates relationships among friendship, self-fashioning and temporality in Philips’s elegies, which question traditional expressions of transcendent solace by placing resistant, intertextual consolations within secular frameworks. The majority of Philips's elegies dwell within the contingencies of mediating absences, as all of the parting poems reveal, illuminating the bonds of friendship that yield their worldly singularities through occasions of loss. Philips devises friendship and self-fashioning as tropes for her poems' concerns with heightened psychological (and increasingly intertextual) events that merge private and public spheres of discourse. Through her dialogic subjectivities, Philips crafts a kairic literary history for her counter-public as a challenge to teleological historiography. Such contiguities among co-poets and poems illustrate Philips's unique historical imagination, her keen attunement to regenerative secular temporality, and her contribution to the emergenc...
CMV and Other Herpesviruses

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses human herpesviruses (HHV) with emphasis on those leukocytotropic viruses—primarily cytomegalovirus (CMV)—in which transmission by transfusion or transplantation is associated with significant clinical sequelae. The HHV family is composed of 8 viral species categorized into 3 subfamilies based on similarities in genome structure, nucleic acid sequences of conserved open reading frames (ORFs), and biological properties. HSV-1, spread by contact with virus from oral vesicular fluid, is usually acquired early in life with seropositivity rates reaching 80% whereas HSV-2 is usually acquired during sexual contact from vesicular fluid in the anogenital area. After replicating in epithelial cells at the mucosal surface, HSV is retrogradely transported in peripheral nerves to neuronal cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglia where the viral genome remains in a latent state. There is no evidence that transmission by blood or organ transplantation is of clinical concern. CMV can be shed into body fluids leading to the transmission in case of close person-to-person contact. Healthy seropositive individuals intermittently shed CMV into saliva, and CMV can also be found in breast milk of 30% or more of seropositive women. It is recommended that standard blood components are not appropriate for transfusion of seronegative immunocompromised patients because of the unacceptably high risk of CMV.
The use of blood biomarkers to predict radiation lung toxicity: a potential strategy to individualize thoracic radiation therapy.

BackgroundRadiation-induced lung toxicity (RILT) is an important dose-limiting toxicity during thoracic radiotherapy. Early prediction of radiation lung toxicity will allow physicians to determine ...
To neither bleed nor clot: That is the question

Key Points Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) when stented with thin-strut colbalt chrome stents may have a similar outcome to patients without AF. Management of patients with AF potentially place patients at enhanced bleeding risk with triple antithrombotic therapy, or potential thrombotic risk if either oral anticoagulation is held or anti-platelet therapy is truncated. Guideline-based oral anticoagulation for AF is expanding this patient group presenting to the cardiac catheterization laboratory, yet management decisions are still based on limited studies and rely on expert concensus.
Association schemes from ovoids in \( PG(3,q) \)

We discuss three proofs of a conjecture of De Caen and Van Dam on the existence of some four-class association scheme on the set of unordered pairs of distinct points of the projective line \( \textit{PG}(1,4^f) \), where\( f\geq 2 \) is an integer. Our emphasis is on the proof using inversive planes and ovoids in \( PG(3,q) \).
Inositol Phosphate Accumulation in Vivo Provides a Measure of Muscarinic M1 Receptor Activation.

The rationale for using M1 selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activators for the treatment of cognitive impairment associated with psychiatric and neurodegenerative disease is well-established in the literature. Here, we investigate measurement of inositol phosphate accumulation, an end point immediately downstream of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor signaling cascade, as an in vivo biochemical readout for M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor activation. Five brain penetrant M1-subtype selective activators from three structurally distinct chemical series were pharmacologically profiled for functional activity in vitro using recombinant cell calcium mobilization and inositol phosphate assays, and a native tissue hippocampal slice electrophysiology assay, to show that all five compounds presented a positive allosteric modulator agonist profile, within a narrow range of potencies. In vivo characterization using an amphetamine-stimulated locomotor activity behavioral assay and the inositol ph...
Effects of wind on predator-prey interactions

Abstract A long standing interest in ecology has been to understand the effects of abiotic factors on organisms and their interactions within ecological communities. This understanding has become increasingly important in light of rapid anthropogenic climate change. One of the most under-studied aspects of climate change is changing wind speed, which is generally decreasing in terrestrial environments globally. While wind is a nearly ubiquitous part of the environment, little effort has been put into synthesizing our understanding of how wind influences interspecific interactions. We reviewed the literature to synthesize our current understanding of the effects of wind with a specific focus on predators-prey interactions. We identified three primary mechanisms by which wind influences predator-prey interactions: detection of the other species, locomotion, and physical disturbance. We found that wind can have diverse effects that can both strengthen or dampen the effects of predators on their prey. However, these effects are context dependent and forecasting the effects of slowing wind speed on species interactions will depend on specific traits of the predator, prey, and environment in which they interact.
3D Voxel-Based Approach to Quantify Aggregate Angularity and Surface Texture

AbstractAngularity and surface texture of aggregate particles are important morphological characteristics and have great influences on the performance of asphalt mix. Several approaches have been d...
Improving immune-related adverse event management in a thoracic clinic.

74Background: Widespread use of immunotherapeutic agents has transformed the profile of adverse events associated with systemic cancer therapy. Management of immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) is contingent upon grading severity using the National Cancer Institute’s Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Nivolumab and Pembrolizumab were recently approved for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA)-approved package label inserts provide guidance on IRAE management and are predicated on CTCAE grade, including when to discontinue drug. Currently, clinicians in the thoracic oncology group are documenting CTCAE grade of IRAEs infrequently, and management is varied. Methods: A retrospective chart review of baseline data revealed 45 patients (8 on Pembrolizumab, 37 on Nivolumab) who initiated immunotherapy for metastatic NSCLC between March 2015 and August 2016. A team of clinicians developed a process map from diagnosis of IRAE to in...
Thin-walled access sheath to hold a larger guide: New technology specifically for transradial access.

Key Points Vascular access sheaths are now available with thin walls specifically designed for transradial use. A thin-walled sheath with an outside diameter on the same order of size as a 6-F traditional sheath can carry a 7-F guiding catheter. While the larger-sized guides may increase the interventional options for the radial operator, a hazard from vascular damage due to the larger-sized lumens may exist and points to a need for further improvement in radial specific equipment.
Playing for Real (Life): The Worst Case Scenario Art Game and Its Role in Preservice Preparation

Due to the fact that most methods coursework occurs in university settings, preservice students typically feel unprepared for reacting to and solving challenging real life situations in art classro...
Electrical Properties of Polycrystalline Lithium Chloroboracite Prepared by the Sol-Gel Method

The electrical properties of polycrystalline lithium chloroboracite, Li4B7O12Cl, prepared by the sol-gel method were investigated in connection with their structure. Li4B7O12Cl pellets were prepared with different amounts of hydrochloric acid or ammonium chloride. The kind and amount of the chlorine source affected the formation of by-products (Li2B4O7, LiCl, a glass phase) and the morphology of the Li4B7O12Cl pellets. Thus their conductivity, which is dominated by grain boundary response owing to the high porosity of the materials, was also affected. The formation of Li2B4O7 as a by-product led to a higher activation energy and lower conductivity. In those pellets in which Li2B4O7 did form, an increase of the amount of glass phase led to higher conductivities.
Focal Therapy for Prostate Cancer Using Irreversible Electroporation

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new nonthermal ablation modality that uses short pulses of DC electric current to create irreversible pores in the cell membrane thus causing cell death. This method has been shown by Onik et al. to have significant advantages in ablating prostatic tissue, rapid lesion resolution, sparing of structures such as vessels, nerves and urethra, and uniform destruction throughout the IRE lesion (Rubinsky et al. 2007).
Differential prioritization of therapies to subtypes of triple negative breast cancer using a systems medicine method

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a group of cancers whose heterogeneity and shortage of effective drug therapies has prompted efforts to divide these cancers into molecular subtypes. Our computational platform, entitled GenEx-TNBC, applies concepts in systems biology and polypharmacology to prioritize thousands of approved and experimental drugs for therapeutic potential against each molecular subtype of TNBC. Using patient-based and cell line-based gene expression data, we constructed networks to describe the biological perturbation associated with each TNBC subtype at multiple levels of biological action. These networks were analyzed for statistical coincidence with drug action networks stemming from known drug-protein targets, while accounting for the direction of disease modulation for coinciding entities. GenEx-TNBC successfully designated drugs, and drug classes, that were previously shown to be broadly effective or subtype-specific against TNBC, as well as novel agents. We further performed biological validation of the platform by testing the relative sensitivities of three cell lines, representing three distinct TNBC subtypes, to several small molecules according to the degree of predicted biological coincidence with each subtype. GenEx-TNBC is the first computational platform to associate drugs to diseases based on inverse relationships with multi-scale disease mechanisms mapped from global gene expression of a disease. This method may be useful for directing current efforts in preclinical drug development surrounding TNBC, and may offer insights into the targetable mechanisms of each TNBC subtype.