cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
NASA glenn research center solar cell experiment onboard the international space station

Accurate air mass zero (AM0) measurement is essential for the evaluation of new photovoltaic (PV) technology for space solar cells. The NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) has flown an experiment designed to measure the electrical performance of several solar cells onboard NASA Goddard Space Flight Center's (GSFC) Robotic Refueling Mission's (RRM) Task Board 4 (TB4) on the exterior of the International Space Station (ISS). Four industry and government partners provided advanced PV devices for measurement and orbital environment testing. The experiment was positioned on the exterior of the station for approximately eight months, and was completely self-contained, providing its own power and internal data storage. Several new cell technologies including four-junction (4J) Inverted Metamorphic Multi-junction (IMM) cells were evaluated and the results will be compared to ground-based measurement methods.
Territory as an institution: spatial ideas, practices and technologies

ABSTRACTTerritory as an institution: spatial ideas, practices and technologies. Territory, Politics, Governance. Territory is unquestionably central to many topics in international relations: political identity, foreign policy orientations, and political conflict at multiple levels, from disputes over land to civil and interstate wars. But what, exactly, is ‘territory’ in these contexts? This paper argues that territory can be usefully conceptualized as the intersection of a set of ideas, practices and technologies: namely ideas about political space, practices of political authority and rule, and technologies relating to information and infrastructure. Together, these three interrelated fields constitute the institution of territory. Thinking about territory through this particular institutional lens allows insights from a variety of fields – including institutionalist analysis in political science, the history of political thought, science and technology studies, and political geography – to be applied....
Pretreatment of normal responders in fresh in vitro fertilization cycles: A comparison of transdermal estradiol and oral contraceptive pills.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of pretreatment with transdermal estradiol (E2) compared to oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) on controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) response in normal responders undergoing fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF)-embryo transfer (ET) cycles. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed of normal responders undergoing fresh IVF-ET cycles who received pretreatment with transdermal E2 versus OCPs prior to fresh IVF-ET. The total days of ovarian stimulation, total dosage of gonadotropins, total number of oocytes, and mature oocytes retrieved were noted. Pregnancy outcomes after ET were also recorded. RESULTS A total of 2,092 patients met the inclusion criteria: 1,057 and 1,035 patients in the transdermal E2 and OCP groups, respectively. Patients in the OCP group had a longer duration of COS (10.7±1.63 days, p<0.01) than the E2 group (9.92±1.94 days). Patients in the OCP group also required higher cumulative doses of gonadotropins (2,657.3±1,187.9 IU) than those in the E2 group (2,550.1±1,270.2 IU, p=0.002). No statistically significant differences were found in the total and mature oocytes retrieved or in the rates of biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, spontaneous miscarriage, and live birth between the groups. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that compared to OCPs, pretreatment with transdermal E2 is associated with a shorter duration of ovarian stimulation and lower gonadotropin utilization, without compromising the oocyte yield or pregnancy outcomes in normal-responder patients undergoing fresh IVF.
Segment convolutional neural networks (Seg-CNNs) for classifying relations in clinical notes

We propose Segment Convolutional Neural Networks (Seg-CNNs) for classifying relations from clinical notes. Seg-CNNs use only word-embedding features without manual feature engineering. Unlike typical CNN models, relations between 2 concepts are identified by simultaneously learning separate representations for text segments in a sentence: preceding, concept1, middle, concept2, and succeeding. We evaluate Seg-CNN on the i2b2/VA relation classification challenge dataset. We show that Seg-CNN achieves a state-of-the-art micro-average F-measure of 0.742 for overall evaluation, 0.686 for classifying medical problem-treatment relations, 0.820 for medical problem-test relations, and 0.702 for medical problem-medical problem relations. We demonstrate the benefits of learning segment-level representations. We show that medical domain word embeddings help improve relation classification. Seg-CNNs can be trained quickly for the i2b2/VA dataset on a graphics processing unit (GPU) platform. These results support the use of CNNs computed over segments of text for classifying medical relations, as they show state-of-the-art performance while requiring no manual feature engineering.
Simultaneous transmission and receive (STAR) from DC to RF

Modern communication systems are becoming increasingly intricate as the technology that governs their development progresses. At the same time, an increasing number of users puts a greater burden on the performance of these systems. Modern communication systems are required to process transmitted and received signals simultaneously over a broad bandwidth. SSDL, which stands for Sequentially-Switched Delay Lines, provides a solution to this problem. The SSDL concept is a time-switching strategy, which uses a set of transmission lines and switches to route transmitted and received signals to their respective ports simultaneously over a wide bandwidth. Experimental results show that the SSDL system has the capability to provide full duplex communication over a broad bandwidth.
Hillary Clinton Versus Barbara Bush: Tradition Meets Change in the 1992 Presidential Campaign

This chapter explores the presidential campaign of 1992, which broke new ground for candidate spouses, with Hillary Clinton challenging the traditional norms of behavior that had been expected from the American public when it came to would-be first ladies. She and her husband, Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton, embraced the theme of “two for the price of one,” actively signaling to American voters that she would play a significant policy and political role in a Clinton White House. This deviation from public expectations cost Hillary Clinton, as her favorability ratings were among the lowest and most polarized in the past generation. This chapter contrasts Hillary Clinton’s polarized reaction from the public to Barbara Bush’s enormous popularity. Barbara Bush combined the traditional model of first lady with an active campaign presence, pioneering the concept of new traditionalism, and was rewarded with an overwhelmingly positive reaction. Barbara Bush remains the most popular first lady over the entire time period covered in this study. The gap in favorability between the 1992 presidential candidate spouses, with two very different visions of the modern first lady, reinforced traditional gender norms of acceptable conduct, which no doubt shaped the behavior of future presidential spouses.
Generalization and maintenance of functional communication training for individuals with developmental disabilities: A systematic and quality review.

Abstract Background Functional communication training (FCT) is considered an evidence-based practice for treating problem behavior in individuals with developmental disabilities (e.g. autism, intellectual disabilities, down syndrome, etc.). However, there is little known on how to sustain behavioral change following FCT interventions. This systematic and quality review synthesizes the current literature base evaluating the maintenance and generalization of behavioral effects following FCT. Method A systematic review identified 37 studies that met the pre-set inclusion criteria. Those studies were summarized in terms of: (a) generalization dimension, (b) generalization assessment design, (c) maintenance assessment design, (d) maintenance and generalization teaching strategy, and (e) latency to maintenance probes. All studies employed single-case research designs and were evaluated using the What Works Clearinghouse pilot single-case research standards (Kratochwill et al., 2013) as adapted by Maggin, Briesch, and Chafouleas (2013). Maintenance and generalization data were evaluated using a researcher-developed rubric based on the WWC standards. Results and discussion Results indicate that 30 studies met standards or met standards with reservations while only six studies also met all of the maintenance and generalization standards. Of the six studies, five did not implement any additional strategies beyond the contacting natural contingencies that is inherent in the FCT intervention. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for High-Risk Post-prostatectomy Patients

Three randomized trials demonstrate a clinical benefit associated with adjuvant radiation therapy (ART) for men with pathologic T3 disease or a positive surgical margin following radical prostatectomy. Despite this benefit and national guidelines recommending offering ART to these men, utilization of ART remains low. While severe long-term toxicity secondary to ART is rare, there are warranted concerns of overtreatment, as many men with adverse pathologic features will never develop recurrent disease, and thereby have nothing to gain from additional therapy. As such, a selective salvage radiation approach is common for men with an undetectable PSA following prostatectomy. If this approach is taken, men should be followed closely to allow for consideration of early SRT, as the best available data suggest that SRT is most effective at PSA values 0.5 ng/mL, or Gleason score ≥ 8, may benefit from intensification of treatment with androgen deprivation therapy or other systemic therapies at the time of ART or SRT. Utilization of genomic classifiers is increasing as they allow for improved recurrence risk estimation following prostatectomy, and they are currently used as stratification variables in clinical trials to evaluate their ability to predict response to treatment.
“At forty cometh understanding”: A review of some basics of adhesion over the past four decades

Abstract The origins of the Annual Conference on Adhesion and Adhesives are traced. Some of the developments in adhesion science, particularly the various basic explanations and theories for the observed phenomena, are reviewed and their current status briefly, but critically, expounded.
MICROSCOPY AND STRUCTURES OF BRUSH CARBONS

A simplified technique for the microscopic examination of brush carbons and graphites, involving the use of polished, epoxy-vacuum-impregnated specimens and the sensitive tint type of illumination is described. This examination of microstructure, porosity and composition has been applied to carbonaceous raw materials, to brush grades: carbon and carbon-graphite, graphite, electrographite, metal-graphite, and to high altitude (aircraft) and brushes in field application. Typical structures are shown in numerous photomicrographs. The superiority of sensitive tint illumination is well illustrated in its detection of graphites in polished specimens. Graphites and graphitized carbons, in contradistinction to heat-treated blacks, undergo a color change from red to green and back to red as the stage is rotated. Calcined cokes also show a color change but in moderate hues. Correlations of structure, porosity and composition with the electrical performance of brushes and their mechanical properties are being sought. In addition, carbon microscopy can open entire new vistas in basic studies of carbonization and graphitization, as the next paper will illustrate. Coupled with X-ray diffraction methods, this new tool may not only aid in the clarification of the graphitization process, but also help to shed some light on such perplexing problems as: definition of “graphitizable” and “non-graphitizable” carbons, properties and structures of carbon surfaces, rates of graphitization, crystallite and particle growth and arrangement, particle bonding and micrometritics.
Influence of Sulfur, Platinum, and Hafnium on the Oxidation Behavior of CVD NiAl Bond Coatings

The influences of S, Pt, and Hf on the oxidation behavior of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) NiAl bond coatings on high-S and low-S superalloys were investigated. Cyclic and isothermal-oxidation testing at 1150°C revealed that alumina-scale adherence to NiAl coatings was very sensitive to substrate S impurities. Scale spallation, as well as the growth of voids at the oxide–metal interface, increased as S increased. However, Pt-modified coatings were not sensitive to S, and did not form voids at the oxide–metal interface. Transmission-electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that alumina scales formed on (Ni,Pt)Al had Hf ions (from the superalloy) segregated to grain boundaries, whereas Hf was not detected in the alumina scale formed on NiAl coatings. Results suggested that the detrimental influence of S on scale adherence to NiAl is primarily related to void growth, which is eliminated or significantly reduced in Pt-modified coatings. A simple model relating void growth to excess vacancies and sulfur segregation is proposed.
Evaluating Mergers and Acquisitions: A Belief Function Approach

Studies indicate that mergers and acquisitions are characterized by a high failure rate, often attributed to an inability on the part of the acquiring firm management to effectively evaluate potential acquisition candidates. This is not surprising given the considerable uncertainties surrounding both the relationships among factors in the evaluation process and also in the assessment of evidence. This paper develops a conceptual framework for acquisition and merger decisions using evidential reasoning approach under the belief function framework. It seeks to illustrate how expert knowledge of relevant factors can be mapped and how an evidential network can be used by decision makers to incorporate uncertainties in the evidence. Also highlighted is the fact that the nature and extent of evidence that needs to be collected depends on the rules assumed to govern relationships among input variables. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery: Hepatobiliary

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways target specific areas within perioperative patient care in a multidisciplinary and evidence-based manner. Because of the subsequent positive outcomes associated with its use, ERAS has expanded to most surgical subspecialties, including hepatopancreatobiliary surgery. Although certain concepts are universal to all ERAS protocols, there are unique areas of emphasis pertaining to the hepatopancreatobiliary specialties, which will be highlighted throughout this article. In addition, some of the less frequently discussed aspects of enhanced recovery, including patient-reported outcomes, recovery assessment, cost, and auditing, will be addressed.
An Interactive Multimodality Curriculum Teaching Medicine Residents About Oncologic Documentation and Billing.

Introduction Physicians recognize the importance of clinical documentation for accuracy of coding and billing, but it is emphasized little in residency curricula, with an even smaller emphasis on o...
Like father like son? Revisiting the role of parental education in estimating returns to education in China.

Parental education has been used as an instrument in the earnings equation to deal with the endogeneity problem of education. Recently, however, many have found that parental education can be a proxy for unobservable networking, which directly affects wages. This article revisits the role of parental education in estimating returns to education by introducing the “geographical isolation” theory. For migrant workers who receive an education and move around to work, parental education affects their education but otherwise is unrelated to their wages, which makes parental education a good instrument in the instrumental variable approach. For local residents who stay in the same place during childhood and adulthood, parental education can directly affect their wages, and is better introduced as a proxy variable using the control variable method. This article identifies the heterogeneous effect of parental education on wages for different Chinese cohorts and contributes to the debate between the control variable and instrumental variable methods in returns to education studies. Moreover, the idea of geographic isolation can help in the search for good instrumental variables for migrant workers, which is valuable when studying the large migrant population in developing countries such as Mexico, China, India, Vietnam, and many African countries.
Innovations in Disposable Technologies for Stone Management

Disposable stone retrieval devices are an inherent element of modern-day stone management. Efforts are being made in several different areas to improve the efficiency of stone removal. Ureteral access sheaths with pressure control features as well as suction capabilities are being explored as one such mechanism. Additional efforts are being made to improve stone basket design, grasping capabilities, and deployment mechanisms. Finally, bioadhesives are being developed to potentially improve the capability to extract otherwise difficult small stone fragments and debris from the kidney.
Diet Quality of Children in the United States by Race/Ethnicity Within Categories of Body Mass Index (P18-110-19)

To use the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) to describe the diet quality of children in the United States by race/ethnicity within categories of body mass index (BMI) using a nationally representative sample. Dietary datasets from three cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009–2014) were used to calculate HEI-2015 total and component scores using the population ratio method for children 2–18 years of age (N = 8894). Diet quality scores were computed by race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic black, non-Hispanic white, Mexican American, other Hispanic, and other race) within BMI category (normal weight, overweight, and obese). Means and 95% confidence intervals were computed for HEI-2015 total and component scores. Significant differences in HEI-2015 mean total scores were present in children with normal weight and overweight, but not obesity. For children with normal weight, the mean total score was significantly higher for Mexican Americans vs non-Hispanic blacks (57.1 vs 53 out of 100 points). For children with overweight, mean total scores were higher for Mexican Americans and other races vs non-Hispanic blacks (59.0 and 60.4 vs 50.3). For children with normal weight, racial/ethnic differences in mean scores were present for all 13 components except for total vegetables. For children with overweight, racial/ethnic differences in mean scores were present for seven components – total fruits, whole fruits, greens and beans, dairy, fatty acids, added sugars, and saturated fats. For children with obesity, racial/ethnic differences were present for two components – refined grains and added sugars. Due to small samples sizes resulting in unreliable estimates, results were not included for the underweight category. Although significant diet quality differences were found among races/ethnicities within BMI categories, total diet quality scores were low for all populations of children in this study. These results suggest that efforts are still needed to improve the diet quality of children in the United States, regardless of BMI status. US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.
Development of a Soybean-Based Rejuvenator for Asphalt Mixtures Containing High Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Content

In spite of its economic and environmental benefits, the use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is limited due to the impact of aged binder on the performance of asphalt pavements. Currently, one of the most popular methods to mitigate the aged RAP binder is the addition of a rejuvenating agent. Such an agent acts to restore life to the aged binder thus making it less brittle. The main objective of this study is to evaluate a soybean-based byproduct as a RAP bio-rejuvenating agent. To achieve this objective, asphalt mixtures were designed containing various RAP types and content, and three different percentages of bio-rejuvenator. Test specimens of the various mixtures were produced and tested to determine complex modulus, flow number, and fatigue cracking characteristics. The results indicate that increasing the percentage of bio-rejuvenator improves the viscoelastic parameters and results in a significant improvement in fatigue cracking properties of asphalt mixtures containing RAP, but also slightly decreases rutting performance.
Derivatives and Their Applications

Local properties algebra derivatives and the relationship between the sign of the derivative at a point and the function being monotone at a point. Global properties of the derivative include Rolle’s Theorem, the Mean Value Theorem (MVT), and Darboux’s Theorem. Applications include Taylor polynomials, l’Hopital’s rule, Liouville’s theorem about transcendental numbers, and some aspects of convex function theory.
Role of Connexins and Pannexins in Bone and Muscle Mass and Function

The fundamental role of connexins and pannexins in the development, maintenance and regeneration of both bone and muscle has been demonstrated over the last decade. It has long been known that connexins, either through gap junction channels, as hemichannels, or as channel independent signaling molecules, mediate the effect of stimuli that target bone. However, the role of pannexins in bone and whether pannexins also mediate the effects of these stimuli in bone requires more research. In skeletal muscle, the role of pannexins has become clearer and the importance of pannexins for muscle cell differentiation has been demonstrated in several studies. On the other hand, while connexins appear to only be expressed during differentiation, they also seem to have a role during disease onset and progression in muscle. In this chapter, we cover the current knowledge of the roles of connexins and pannexins in bone and muscle health and disease.
A Novel Small Molecule Inhibits Intrahepatocellular Accumulation of Z-Variant Alpha 1-Antitrypsin In Vitro and In Vivo.

Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is the most common genetic cause of liver disease in children and is associated with early-onset chronic liver disease in adults. AATD associated liver injury is caused by hepatotoxic retention of polymerized mutant alpha 1-antitrypsin molecules within the endoplasmic reticulum. Currently, there is no curative therapy for AATD. In this study, we selected small molecules with the potential to bind mutant alpha 1-antitrypsin (Z-variant) to inhibit its accumulation in hepatocytes. We used molecular docking to select candidate compounds that were validated in cell and animal models of disease. A crystal structure of polymerized alpha 1-antitrypsin molecule was used as the basis for docking 139,735 compounds. Effects of the top scoring compounds were investigated in a cell model that stably expresses Z-variant alpha 1-antitrypsin and in PiZ mice expressing Z-variant human alpha 1-antitrypsin (Z-hAAT), encoded by SERPINA1*E342K. 4′,′5-(Methylenedioxy)-2-nitrocinnamic acid was predicted to bind cleaved alpha 1-antitrypsin at the polymerization interface, and observed to co-localize with Z-hAAT, increase Z-hAAT degradation, inhibit intracellular accumulation of Z-hAAT, and alleviate liver fibrosis.
Using Augmented and Virtual Reality in Information Literacy Instruction to Reduce Library Anxiety in Nontraditional and International Students

Throughout its early years, the Oral Roberts University (ORU) Library held a place of pre-eminence on campus. ORU’s founder envisioned the Library as central to all academic function and scholarship. Under the direction of the founding dean of learning resources, the Library was an early pioneer in innovative technologies and methods. However, over time, as the case with many academic libraries, the Library’s reputation as an institution crucial to the academic work on campus had diminished. A team of librarians is now engaged in programs aimed at repositioning the Library as the university’s hub of learning. Toward that goal, the Library has long taught information literacy (IL) to students and faculty through several traditional methods, including one-shot workshops and sessions tied to specific courses of study. Now, in conjunction with disseminating augmented, virtual, and mixed reality (AVMR) learning technologies, the Library is redesigning instruction to align with various realities of higher education today, including uses of AVMR in instruction and research and following best practices from research into serving online learners; international learners not accustomed to Western higher-education practices; and learners returning to university study after being away from higher education for some time or having changed disciplines of study. The Library is innovating online tutorials targeted for nontraditional and international graduate students with various combinations of AVMR, with the goal to diminish library anxiety. Numerous library and information science studies have shown a correlation between library anxiety and reduced library use, and library use has been linked to student learning, academic success, and retention.[1] This paper focuses on IL instruction methods under development by the Library. Current indicators are encouraging as the Library embarks on the redesign of IL instruction and early development of inclusion of AVMR in IL instruction for nontraditional and international students.
When Allie Forgot Noah: Perspectives of Healthy Partner Considerations in Cases of Dementia

A dementia diagnosis can lead to a decline in marital satisfaction, positive communication, and intimacy. Impacting a healthy partner's choice to engage in a new intimate relations are their religi...
Role of Essential Metal Ions in AAV Vector-Mediated Transduction

Metal elements are essential components of approximately half of all cellular proteins, and approximately one-third of all known enzymes thus far are metalloenzymes. Several cellular proteins and enzymes undoubtedly impact the transduction efficiency of recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors, but the precise role of metal ions in this process has not been studied in detail. In the present studies, we systematically evaluated the effects of all 10 essential metal ions (calcium, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, potassium, sodium, and zinc) on the transduction efficiency of AAV vectors. We report herein that five essential metal ions (iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, and sodium) had little to no effect, and calcium strongly inhibited the transduction efficiency of AAV2 vectors. Whereas copper and potassium increased the transduction efficiency by ∼5-fold and ∼2-fold, respectively, at low concentrations, both essential metals were strongly inhibitory at higher concentrations. Calcium also inhibited the transduction efficiency by ∼3-fold. Two metal ions (cobalt and zinc) increased the transduction efficiency up to ∼10-fold in a dose-dependent manner. The combined use of cobalt and zinc resulted in more than an additive effect on AAV2 vector transduction efficiency (∼30-fold). The transduction efficiency of AAV serotypes 1 through 6 (AAV1–AAV6) vectors was also augmented by zinc. Similarly, the transduction of both single-stranded (ss) and self-complementary (sc) AAV3 vectors was enhanced by zinc. Zinc treatment also led to a dose-dependent increase in expression of a therapeutic protein, the human clotting factor IX (hF.IX), mediated by scAAV3 vectors in a human hepatic cell line. This simple strategy of essential metal ion-mediated enhancement may be useful to lower the dose of AAV vectors for their optimal use in human gene therapy.
A Stochastic Lookahead Approach for Hurricane Relief Logistics Operations Planning under Uncertainty

In the aftermath of a hurricane, humanitarian logistics plays a critical role in delivering relief items to the affected areas in a timely fashion. This paper proposes a novel stochastic lookahead framework that implements a two-stage stochastic programming model in a rolling horizon fashion to address the evolving uncertain logistics system state during the post-hurricane humanitarian logistics operations. The two-stage stochastic programming model that executes in this rolling horizon framework is formulated as a mixed-integer programming problem. The model aims to minimize the sum of transportation and social costs. The social cost is measured as a function of deprivation for unsatisfied demand. Our extensive numerical experiment results and sensitivity analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in reducing the total cost incurred during the post-hurricane relief logistics operations compared to the two-stage stochastic programming model implemented in a static approach.
The relationship between well-being and meaning-making in kinship caregivers

Abstract Objective This exploratory study provides early research to understand the relationship between levels of meaning-making and well-being in kinship caregivers. It is hypothesized that there will be a positive correlation between meaning-making and well-being. Methods A cross-sectional sample of 152 kinship caregivers from four partner organizations across the United States completed a survey that included measures of meaning-making and well-being. The results of this survey were analyzed with bivariate correlations and multivariate linear regression to examine the relationship between the two variables. Results Bivariate analysis demonstrated a significant, moderate, and positive relationship between meaning-making and well-being. Using multivariate linear regression, it was determined that no confounding demographic covariates were responsible for the results. Additionally, no demographic covariates were found to lead to significant differences in caregiver well-being. Conclusions Future research should be conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between meaning-making and well-being in kinship caregivers. Additionally, clinicians may use this as a starting point to integrate discussion of meaning-making into caregiver support groups.
Mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma of the ovary with co-existent endometriosis: A case report and review of the literature.

Abstract Introduction Mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma (MLA) is a rare malignant gynecologic neoplasm occurring in the uterine corpus and ovary. The morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of MLA closely resemble that of cervical mesonephric adenocarcinomas, but whether they share a common histogenesis remains unclear. Two main theories for histogenesis of MLAs include the origination of these neoplasms from mesonephric remnants, as is the case for cervical mesonephric adenocarcinoma, versus the differentiation along a mesonephric pathway from Mullerian lesions. Case A 67-year-old presented after a right salpingo-oophorectomy for a complex ovarian mass revealed a mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma of the ovary and endometriosis. She underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and infra-colic omentectomy, and diagnosed with Stage IA mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma of the ovary. At 18 months post-operatively, the patient developed flank and abdominal pain and was found to have multiple sites of recurrent disease. She was referred to medical oncology for chemotherapy as she was not a candidate for surgical cytoreduction. Discussion This case demonstrates the aggressive nature of ovarian MLA and the need for a multidisciplinary approach when determining the treatment. In addition, this case provides further evidence to support the theory that at least a subset of MLAs arises from a Mullerian lesion which then differentiates down a mesonephric pathway.
Parent book choices: How do parents select books to share with infants and toddlers with language impairment?:

Book-sharing with young children is an established vehicle for promoting early language development and pre-literacy skills. Although parents are widely encouraged to read to their child and existi...
PROMO for Interpretable Personalized Social Emotion Mining

Unearthing a set of users’ collective emotional reactions to news or posts in social media has many useful applications and business implications. For instance, when one reads a piece of news on Facebook with dominating “angry” reactions, or another with dominating “love” reactions, she may have a general sense on how social users react to the particular piece. However, such a collective view of emotion is unable to answer the subtle differences that may exist among users. To answer the question “which emotion who feels about what” better, therefore, we formulate the Personalized Social Emotion Mining (PSEM) problem. Solving the PSEM problem is non-trivial in that: (1) the emotional reaction data is in the form of ternary relationship among user-emotion-post, and (2) the results need to be interpretable. Addressing the two challenges, in this paper, we develop an expressive probabilistic generative model, PROMO, and demonstrate its validity through empirical studies.
Viewing anti-immigrant hate online: An application of routine activity and Social Structure-Social Learning Theory

Abstract The increasingly prominent role of the Internet in the lives of Americans has resulted in more people coming into contact with various types of online content, including online hate material. One of the most common forms of online hate targets immigrants, seeking to position immigrants as threats to personal, national, economic, and cultural security. Given the recent rise in online hate targeting immigrants, this study examines factors that bring individuals into virtual contact with such material. Utilizing recently collected online survey data of American youth and young adults, we draw on insights from Routine Activity Theory and Social Structure-Social Learning Theory to understand exposure to anti-immigrant online hate material. Specifically, we consider how online routines, location in social structure, and social identity are associated with exposure. Results indicate that engaging in behaviors that can increase proximity to motivated offenders increases the likelihood of being exposed to anti-immigrant hate, as does engaging in online behaviors that bolster one's target suitability. Additionally, individuals who view Americanism as fundamental to their social identity are more apt to encounter anti-immigrant hate material on the Internet, as are those who are more dissatisfied with the current direction of the country.
A regional test of global models for flow, rheology, and seismic anisotropy at the base of the mantle

Abstract The study of flow patterns and seismic anisotropy in the lowermost mantle is fraught with uncertainties, given the limitations in our understanding of the physical properties of the lowermost mantle and the relationships between deformation and anisotropy. Here we use a set of SKS, SKKS, and ScS splitting measurements that sample the eastern edge of the African Large Low Shear Velocity Province to test predictions of seismic anisotropy derived from previously published 3D global mantle flow models and anisotropy modeling (Walker et al., 2011). The observations can be fit by a model that invokes flow directed to the southwest with a component of downwelling in our study region, and slip that occurs along the (0 1 0) plane of post-perovskite. Most importantly, we demonstrate the ability of a regional shear wave splitting data set to test the robustness of models for flow and deformation in the lowermost mantle.
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin’s

This article focuses on the malignancies of lymphoid cells that are classified as a group on the basis of their distinction from Hodgkin's lymphoma. The general aspects of lymphoid malignancies are explored, and features and management of specific lymphoma entities are discussed.
Formation of B lymphocytes in fetal and adult life.

Publisher Summary were regarded Lymphoid and hematopoietic stem cells are highly specialized and antigens recently identified by several laboratories may be useful in resolving categories and stages of differentiation. This chapter discusses some procedures that may not only allow the differentiative potential of B-cell precursors to be assessed but provide some insight into the inductive signals and regulatory mechanisms involved. The extraordinary progress of experimental hematologists in resolving the precursors of erythroid and myeloid cells has created a false sense of understanding about the nature and fate of stem cells relevant to the humoral immune system. The time when B cells or their precursors first appear during ontogeny or during regeneration of irradiated animals, they are diluted among nonlymphoid hematopoietic cells. The use of cytoplasmic immunoglobulin as a marker for pre-B cells and various cell surface antigens are discussed. Cells dissected from spleen colonies have been used to restore humoral immunity to irradiated secondary recipients, and the time required was because of transition of stem cells. Extensive examinations of spleen colonies have not revealed any that had predominantly lymphoid morphology. However, the possibility of a minor entry of stem cells into B and T pathways would be difficult to rule out, particularly if the newly formed cells rapidly migrated elsewhere.
Least Squares Policy Evaluation Algorithms with Linear Function Approximation

We consider policy evaluation algorithms within the context of infinite-horizon dynamic programming problems with discounted cost. We focus on discrete-time dynamic systems with a large number of states, and we discuss two methods, which use simulation, temporal differences, and linear cost function approximation. The first method is a new gradient-like algorithm involving least-squares subproblems and a diminishing stepsize, which is based on the λ-policy iteration method of Bertsekas and Ioffe. The second method is the LSTD(λ) algorithm recently proposed by Boyan, which for λ=0 coincides with the linear least-squares temporal-difference algorithm of Bradtke and Barto. At present, there is only a convergence result by Bradtke and Barto for the LSTD(0) algorithm. Here, we strengthen this result by showing the convergence of LSTD(λ), with probability 1, for every λ ∈ [0, 1].
Work in progress - multi-disciplinary real-time and systems laboratory and course sequence

Small electronic products for the mass market are increasingly incorporating programmable components. The software in these devices has constraints that are markedly different from software designed for a general-purpose computer. Most computing curricula deal almost exclusively with developing software for that general-purpose class. Real-time and embedded systems have increased in complexity; they no longer lie within a single discipline. Developers now must be cognizant of software engineering design methodologies and underlying hardware constraints. RIT is addressing this by developing a three-course sequence of cross-disciplinary real-time and embedded systems courses. We are teaching these courses in a studio-lab environment teaming computer engineering and software engineering students. The courses introduce students to programming both microcontrollers and more sophisticated targets, use of a commercial real-time operating system and development environment, modeling and performance engineering of these systems, and their interactions with physical systems.
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage Below the Diaphragm Successful Surgical Correction in an Infant

A 5 week old baby with total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage into the portal vein with pulmonary venous obstruction is described. Since medical treatment alone leads invariably to death, complete surgical correction under cardiopulmonary bypass was performed. The surgical procedure comprised an anastomosis between the anomalous pulmonary venous trunk and the left atrium, closure of the interatrial communication and ligation of the anomalous venous trunk beneath the anastomosis. After the procedure, the right ventricular pressure dropped considerably. At six months follow-up examination, the child has grown and is completely asymptomatic, and the electrocardiogram has shown regression of right ventricular hypertrophy. To our knowledge, our patient represents the first successful complete surgical repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage into the portal vein.
Study designs and analytic strategies for environmental and policy research on obesity, physical activity, and diet: recommendations from a meeting of experts.

Numerous authoritative reports have identified environmental and policy interventions as the most promising strategies for creating population-wide improvements in diet, physical activity, and obesity. Yet many methodologic challenges to conducting environmental and policy research must be overcome to enable this area of study to advance. A meeting titled "Study Designs and Analytic Strategies for Environmental and Policy Research on Obesity, Physical Activity, and Diet" was held April 8, 2008. Participants from diverse backgrounds identified priority gaps in knowledge and generated recommendations for promising methods to enhance environmental and policy research related to obesity. Final recom- mendations were based on a postmeeting participant survey. Existing methods were identified that could be applied to advance the field, including prospective studies, evaluations of natural experiments, and economic studies. Train- ing for investigators in the use of appropriate statistical methods for complex designs and interdisciplinary collaboration were recommended. Methodologic research prior- ities included the development of measures of policy, health impact assessments, and the investigation of policy adoption and implementation. The results of this conference can be used to improve the quality and quantity of environmental and policy research as well as the translation to action to control obesity. (Am J Prev Med 2009;36(2S):S72-S77) © 2009 American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Quality of life after liver transplantation

The liver is the largest gland and, apart from the skin, also the biggest organ in the body. They are a central laboratory for processing proteins, carbohidrates and fat, and they also detoxify our body. Liver failure is a result of cronic or acute liver disease or hepatic impairment. Many diseases of the liver are accompained by icterus as a result of increased level of bilirubin in the system. Today we can live without other organs important for metabolism, such as eg. the kidney or pancreas, because their function can be replaced. But we cannot live without the liver because their functions are too varied and complex. Therefore, when we have incurable disease of the liver we need liver transplantation. Life with a child who needs liver transplantation is very hard for all family members. Especially at the begining of treatment, life for all family members, and in particular for the parents, is very stressfull. Nurses must have sufficinet knowledge, she should be able to talk to parents in plain language with a high degree of optimism. We make them feel that they are not alone and we encourage them. Nurses must believe in successful treatment, so that they can inspire courage in parents. Quality of life is not in perfection, but rather in the way how we manage to live with imperfection. A person who is in any way affected, can perceive his quality of life as very good. Here, his personal attitude and attitude to his surrondings is most important. This is a higher quality than that obtainable by knowledge alone and which can be measured or evaluated.
Fatal polymyositis: morphogenesis and ultrastructural features.

A fatal case of polymyositis in a young female is presented. Two muscle biopsies obtained before and after treatment with large doses of steroids, as well as autopsy tissue, demonstrated widespread degeneration of myofibres associated with cytoplasmic tuboreticular structures resembling paramyxovirus nucleocapsids in capillary endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Aggregates of spherical particles and “simple and granular” nuclear bodies suggested a virus-related or associated etiologic agent. In addition, interstitial cells of mesenchymal origin, probably related to macrophages or histiocytes were present. These contained numerous rodlike profiles or phagolysosomal bodies which resembled “Birbeck” granules. Inflammatory response was very scant. It would appear that polymyositis probably represents a primary reaction to antigemic substances and a morphologic manifestation of altered host macrophage response.
Real-time magnetic resonance imaging of velopharyngeal activities with simultaneous speech recordings.

Objective: To examine the relationships between acoustic and physiologic aspects of the velopharyngeal mechanism during acoustically nasalized segments of speech in normal individuals by combining fast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with simultaneous speech recordings and subsequent acoustic analyses. Design: Ten normal Caucasian adult individuals participated in the study. Midsagittal dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and simultaneous speech recordings were performed while participants were producing repetitions of two rate-controlled nonsense syllables including /zanaza/ and /zunuzu/. Acoustic features of nasalization represented as the peak amplitude and the bandwidth of the first resonant frequency (F1) were derived from speech at the rate of 30 sets per second. Physiologic information was based on velar and tongue positional changes measured from the dynamic MRI data, which were acquired at a rate of 21.4 images per second and resampled with a corresponding rate of 30 images per second. Each...
T=32 states in 21Ne

Abstract Five T= 3 2 states in 21Ne have been observed in the 22 Ne( 3 Ne, α) 21 Ne reaction, and ln values have been assigned to the respective angular distributions where possible. Two completed T= 3 2 quartets in mass 21 are found to deviate significantly from the quadratic mass equation for isobaric multiplets.
First- and second-trimester ultrasound assessment of gestational age

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the accuracy of first- and second-trimester ultrasound assessment of fetal age. Study design Differences between ultrasound estimated gestational age and true gestational age were calculated between 11 to 14 weeks of gestation and 18 to 22 weeks of gestation for singleton, twin, and triplet pregnancies that were conceived by in vitro fertilization. Results One hundred four singleton pregnancies, 81 twin pregnancies, and 33 triplet pregnancies were included. First trimester ultrasound estimates overestimated gestational age by a mean (± SEM) of 1.3 ± 0.2 days ( P P P =.027) for triplet pregnancies. Second trimester estimates were underestimated by a mean of −0.1 ± 0.4 days ( P =.87) for singletons, −0.6 ± 0.3 days ( P =.083) for twins, and −0.6 ± 0.5 days (p=0.21) for triplets. Conclusion Ultrasound assessment of gestational age is very accurate and is marginally better in the first trimester compared with the second.