cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Lymphotoxin β receptor signaling is required for inflammatory lymphangiogenesis in the thyroid

Infiltration of lymphocytes into the thyroid gland and formation of lymph node-like structures is a hallmark of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Here we demonstrate that lymphatic vessels are present within these infiltrates. Mice overexpressing the chemokine CCL21 in the thyroid (TGCCL21 mice) developed similar lymphoid infiltrates and lymphatic vessels. TGCCL21 mice lacking mature T and B cells (RAGTGCCL21 mice) did not have cellular infiltrates or increased number of lymphatic vessels compared with controls. Transfer of CD3(+)CD4(+) T cells into RAGTGCCL21 mice promoted the development of LYVE-1(+)podoplanin(+)Prox-1(+) vessels in the thyroid. Genetic deletion of lymphotoxin beta receptor or lymphotoxin alpha abrogated development of lymphatic vessels in the inflamed areas in the thyroid but did not affect development of neighboring lymphatics. These results define a model for the study of inflammatory lymphangiogenesis in the thyroid and implicate lymphotoxin beta receptor signaling in this process.
“I Don't Know” Responses in Elderly Depressives and in Dementia

"I don't know" responses were recorded during administration of the Mini-Mental State Examination in elderly patients with primary degenerative dementia and primary major depression. More "I don't know" responses were given by patients with degenerative dementia; however, demented patients did not differ overall from depressives in the proportion of Not Correct responses consisting of "I don't know" responses. These responses were positively correlated with age and with Hollingshead education and social class scores in depressives but not in demented patients. A higher proportion of Not Correct responses consisting of "I don't know" responses needs to be demonstrated in depressive pseudomentia than in degenerative dementia if this clinical sign is to be used in helping to differentiate the two disorders.
The J-curve dynamics of U.S. bilateral trade

Three earlier studies examined the impact of dollar depreciation on bilateral trade between the United States and her six largest trading partners. They used different methodologies that resulted in different outcomes. In this paper we consider 18 major trading partners of the United States and employ a relatively new method to investigate the short-run as well as the long-run response of the bilateral trade balance to currency depreciation. While as with previous research we are unable to discover any J-curve pattern in the short run, in the long run real depreciation of the dollar has favorable effects on the U.S. trade balance in most cases.
Decision problems of object histories

Abstract In an earlier paper, a record-based computation-oriented data model was introduced to describe historical data (here called “object history” and represented by a sequence of “computation tuples”). The major construct in the model is a computation-tuple sequence scheme (CSS), which specifies the set of all possible “valid” histories for the object of interest. In subsequent papers, a number of properties of the model were identified and studied in their own right. The present investigation considers decision problems related to two of these properties, namely “local” constraints and “bad-subsequence” constraints, as well as decision problems for several set-theoretic relations concerning the sets of object histories described by CSS. all of the decision problems considered are shown to be recursively unsolvable. The technique employed in each case is to exhibit a special class of CSS and use a reduction argument based on a known undecidable problem for context-free languages.
Formal verification of an Intel XScale processor model with scoreboarding, specialized execution pipelines, and impress data-memory exceptions

We present the formal verification of an Intel Xscale processor model. The Xscale is a superpipelined RISC processor with 7-stage integer, 8-stage memory, and variable-latency multiply-and-accumulate execution pipelines. The processor uses scoreboarding to track data dependencies, and implements both precise and imprecise exceptions. Such set of features had not been modeled and formally verified previously. The formal verification was done with an automatic tool flow that consists of the term-level symbolic simulator TLSim, the decision procedure EVC, and an efficient SAT-checker.
EPIDIDYMAL SPARING BILATERAL SIMPLE ORCHIECTOMY WITH EPIDIDYMOPLASTY: PRESERVATION OF ESTHETICS AND BODY IMAGE

ABSTRACTPurpose: We report the surgical technique and results of epididymal sparing bilateral simple orchiectomy as an esthetic alternative to standard bilateral simple orchiectomy and luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonist injection therapy in patients with prostate cancer.Materials and Methods: The study included 91 consecutive epididymal sparing bilateral simple orchiectomy (BSO) procedures that were performed at the Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center during a 25-month period. All patients had pathologically confirmed prostate cancer. A total of 52 patients (57.1%) were receiving LH-RH agonist therapy prior to the procedure and the remaining 39 (42.9%) were not. All procedures were performed in an outpatient clinic setting using spermatic cord anesthesia block as the only method of anesthesia. In the 52 patients who were on LH-RH agonist therapy prior to the procedure the overall impression/satisfaction with the procedure was evaluated using a questionnaire.Results: All 91 procedure...
Cheating in Cyberspace: Maintaining Quality in Online Education

Professors in higher education are experimenting with a wide array of techniques to preserve integrity of the academic evaluation process in the online environment. Current instructors perceive some increased risk of “cheating” in cyberspace classrooms, and some changes in the forms these incidents take. We anticipate the continuing evolution of new techniques and new technologies to assist us in the ongoing process of delivering, evaluating, and maintaining high-quality online educational programs. Recent scandals at prestigious academic institutions have indicated that cheating may be common in classrooms, and instructors in distance learning fear that such cheating and plagiarism may undermine the integrity of the distance learning (DL) teaching environment. There are also indications that some academic researchers may be using online systems for intellectual property theft and plagiarism. For example, a college president presented a speech “written” by a ghostwriter who really plagiarized an essay posted online. “…the power of Web technology has only increased plagiarism incidents.” (Dyrli, 2000).
Do attributes in the physical environment influence children's physical activity? A review of the literature

Many youth today are physically inactive. Recent attention linking the physical or built environment to physical activity in adults suggests an investigation into the relationship between the built environment and physical activity in children could guide appropriate intervention strategies. Thirty three quantitative studies that assessed associations between the physical environment (perceived or objectively measured) and physical activity among children (ages 3 to 18-years) and fulfilled selection criteria were reviewed. Findings were categorized and discussed according to three dimensions of the physical environment including recreational infrastructure, transport infrastructure, and local conditions. Results across the various studies showed that children's participation in physical activity is positively associated with publicly provided recreational infrastructure (access to recreational facilities and schools) and transport infrastructure (presence of sidewalks and controlled intersections, access to destinations and public transportation). At the same time, transport infrastructure (number of roads to cross and traffic density/speed) and local conditions (crime, area deprivation) are negatively associated with children's participation in physical activity. Results highlight links between the physical environment and children's physical activity. Additional research using a transdisciplinary approach and assessing moderating and mediating variables is necessary to appropriately inform policy efforts.
Analysis of Experiments on Single-Lane Bus Flow

The results of a series of experiments carried out to determine the characteristics of single-lane bus flow are reported. Using pairs of buses theoretical "car-following" models of single-lane traffic flow, which had been shown by previous work to be valid for automobiles, are examined for this type of heavy vehicle and found to provide a good representation of the detailed manner in which one bus follows another. Flow characteristics of buses were also determined by using platoons of up to ten buses. Both of these approaches, which can be termed microscopic and macroscopic, respectively, indicated that a single lane of buses form a stable stream of traffic and have an optimal flow of about 1,450 buses/hour at a speed of 33 miles/ hour for an expressway type facility.
Emerging perspectives in social neuroscience and neuroeconomics of aging

This article introduces the special issue of ‘Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience’ on Aging Research, and offers a broad conceptual and methodological framework for considering advances in life course research in social neuroscience and neuroeconomics. The authors highlight key areas of inquiry where aging research is raising new insights about how to conceptualize and examine critical questions about the links between cognition, emotion and motivation in social and economic behavior, as well as challenges that need to be addressed when taking a life course perspective in these fields. They also point to several emerging approaches that hold the potential for addressing these challenges, through bridging approaches from laboratory and population-based science, bridging inquiry across life stages and expanding measurement of core psychological phenotypes.
Complex, dynamic systems: A new transdisciplinary theme for applied linguistics?

In this plenary address, I suggest that Complexity Theory has the potential to contribute a transdisciplinary theme to applied linguistics. Transdisciplinary themes supersede disciplines and spur new kinds of creative activity (Halliday 2001 [1990]). Investigating complex systems requires researchers to pay attention to system dynamics. Since applied linguists study language systems that change (for example, as they develop in learners, this is a useful perspective to bring to bear on many of our concerns. To introduce Complexity Theory, I list twelve principles undergirding this perspective and elaborate on three of them: those to do with dynamism, complexity, and the role of context. I then discuss several studies of L2 development that have been informed by the perspective. I conclude by suggesting that the ultimate promise of Complexity Theory is the help it provides in humanizing science.
Norwalk Virus RNA Is Infectious in Mammalian Cells

Human noroviruses are positive-sense RNA viruses and are the leading cause of epidemic acute viral gastroenteritis in developed countries. The absence of an in vitro cell culture model for human norovirus infection has limited the development of effective antivirals and vaccines. Human histo-blood group antigens have been regarded as receptors for norovirus infection, and expression of the α(1,2) fucosyltransferase gene (FUT2) responsible for the secretor phenotype is required for susceptibility to Norwalk virus (NV) infection. We report for the first time that transfection of NV RNA, isolated from stool samples from human volunteers, into human hepatoma Huh-7 cells leads to viral replication, with expression of viral antigens, RNA replication, and release of viral particles into the medium. Prior treatment of the RNA with proteinase K completely abolishes RNA infectivity, suggesting a key role of an RNA-protein complex. Although overexpression of the human FUT2 gene enhances virus binding to cells, it is not sufficient to allow a complete viral infection, and viral spread from NV-transfected cells to naive cells does not occur. Finally, no differences in NV RNA replication are observed between Huh-7 and Huh-7.5.1 cells, which contain an inactivating mutation in retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), suggesting that the RIG-I pathway does not play a role in limiting NV replication. Our results strongly suggest that the block(s) to NV replication in vitro is at the stage of receptor and/or coreceptor binding and/or uncoating, either because cells lack some specific factor or activation of cellular antiviral responses independent of RIG-I inhibits virus replication.
Let Them Eat Prozac: The Unhealthy Relationship between the Pharmaceutical Industry and Depression

In 1992, Peter Kramer published Listening to Prozac , a thoughtful and provocative treatise on the risks and benefits of a new class of antidepressants, the selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs. His book was followed, unfortunately, by equally popular if somewhat unbalanced publications
Correlation of polyp number and family history of colon cancer with germline MYH mutations.

Background & Aims: Affected individuals with biallelic MYH mutations are believed to display multiple adenomatous polyps without evidence of vertical transmission. Our goal was to determine the detection rate of germline MYH mutations in a high-risk gastrointestinal cancer clinic population by using polyp number as a selection criterion. Methods: Patients were screened for the 2 most common MYH mutations: Y165C and G382D. The complete MYH coding region was sequenced in cases with a heterozygous mutation. Results: Among 45 patients with more than 15 adenomatous polyps not diagnosed with familial adenomatous polyposis, 7 (15.6%) had biallelic MYH mutations. When 122 participants from a high-risk gastrointestinal cancer clinic who did not fulfill these criteria were tested, 2 additional patients with biallelic mutations were identified. Both had young-onset colorectal cancer (age, <50 y) with fewer than 15 polyps. Surprisingly, most of the 9 patients with biallelic MYH mutations reported family histories consistent with the hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome (HNPCC), with 7 cases meeting at least 1 of the Bethesda criteria, 5 cases fulfilling 3 Bethesda criteria, and 2 cases fulfilling the Amsterdam II criteria. Conclusions: Most individuals with MYH mutations exhibit multiple adenomatous polyps. However, 22% of cases were missed when this was the sole criterion for germline testing. A significant number reported a strong family history of cancer that was consistent with HNPCC. MYH testing thus can be considered for patients who meet clinical criteria for HNPCC in the absence of DNA mismatch repair gene mutations.
CBP/p300 are bimodal regulators of Wnt signaling

Many Wnts influence cell behavior by a conserved signaling cascade that promotes the stabilization and nuclear accumulation of β-catenin (β-cat), which then associates with TCF family members to activate target genes. The histone acetyltransferase CREB binding protein (CBP) can bind to TCF and inhibit Wnt signaling in Drosophila. In contrast, studies in vertebrates indicate a positive role for CBP and the closely related protein p300 as β-cat binding transcriptional co-activators. We address this discrepancy by demonstrating that in addition to its negative role, CBP has an essential positive role in Wnt signaling in flies. CBP binds directly to the C-terminus of Armadillo (Arm, the fly β-cat) and is recruited to a Wnt-regulated enhancer (WRE) in a Wnt- and Arm-dependent manner. In a human colorectal cancer cell line, we show that CBP and p300 can inhibit Wnt signaling and demonstrate that human p300 can bind directly to TCF4 in vitro. Our results argue that CBP/p300 has an evolutionarily conserved role as a buffer regulating TCF-β-cat/Arm binding. Subsequent to this interaction, it also has an essential role in mediating the transactivation activity of β-cat/Arm.
Recombination rate variation and speciation: theoretical predictions and empirical results from rabbits and mice

Recently diverged taxa may continue to exchange genes. A number of models of speciation with gene flow propose that the frequency of gene exchange will be lower in genomic regions of low recombination and that these regions will therefore be more differentiated. However, several population-genetic models that focus on selection at linked sites also predict greater differentiation in regions of low recombination simply as a result of faster sorting of ancestral alleles even in the absence of gene flow. Moreover, identifying the actual amount of gene flow from patterns of genetic variation is tricky, because both ancestral polymorphism and migration lead to shared variation between recently diverged taxa. New analytic methods have been developed to help distinguish ancestral polymorphism from migration. Along with a growing number of datasets of multi-locus DNA sequence variation, these methods have spawned a renewed interest in speciation models with gene flow. Here, we review both speciation and population-genetic models that make explicit predictions about how the rate of recombination influences patterns of genetic variation within and between species. We then compare those predictions with empirical data of DNA sequence variation in rabbits and mice. We find strong support for the prediction that genomic regions experiencing low levels of recombination are more differentiated. In most cases, reduced gene flow appears to contribute to the pattern, although disentangling the relative contribution of reduced gene flow and selection at linked sites remains a challenge. We suggest fruitful areas of research that might help distinguish between different models.
The Separation of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Variants by UHPLC

Reversed-phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (RPUHPLC) was used for the separation of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) variants. A bridged ethylene hybrid silica C18 column was used at 3788C. The composition and temperature of the mobile phase were optimized for the separation. An isocratic elution, with approximately 46% acetonitrile in 25 mM potassium borate buffer (pH 8.5), was found to give superior selectivity in comparison with commonly used mobile phases. The method separated eight rhGH variants: (i) di-oxy Met14/Met125 sulfoxide, (ii) Met125 sulfoxide, (iii) Met14 sulfoxide, (iv) mono-deamidated (Asn149 ! Asp149 or Asn152 ! Asp152), (v) di-deamidated (Asn149 ! Asp149 and Asn152 ! Asp152), (vi) clip (Thr142Tyr143), (vii) desPhe1 and (viii) trisulfide (Cys182-SSS-Cys189) from each other and from the native rhGH. Characterization of the purified variants was conducted by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry tryptic mapping. The novel mobile phase, in combination with the UHPLC system, generated a significantly higher resolution than previously reported reversed-phase LC methods, including pharmacopoeal methods, for analyzing rhGH.
Diabetes in the aging male.

In this Editorial I will try to highlight some new insights in the pathophysiology of various aspects of the elderly male diabetic, with special emphasis on what affects the management of this grow...
Colchicine for the Primary Prevention of the Postpericardiotomy Syndrome

OBJECTIVE:To review literature regarding the safety and efficacy of colchicine for the primary prevention of the postpericardiotomy syndrome (PPS).DATA SOURCES:Searches of MEDLINE (1966-April 2011) and Cochrane Database (1993-April 2011) were conducted. Key search terms included postpericardiotomy syndrome, postcardiac injury syndrome, and colchicine. Limits were set for articles written in English with human subjects. Additional data were identified through bibliographic reviews.STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION:All English-language articles identified from the data sources were evaluated. All primary data were eligible for inclusion if they evaluated the safety and/or efficacy of colchicine for the primary prevention of PPS. Two prospective trials were identified and included for review.DATA SYNTHESIS:PPS occurs in 10-40% of patients who undergo cardiac surgery and is associated with significant morbidity. Effective medications used for the treatment of PPS include nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs ...
Revision of Pedethma Weise (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

Abstract The flea beetle genus Pedethma Weise (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), occurring in Queensland and New South Wales, Australia, is revised. Pedethma fuscipennis Weise is designated as the type species. Lectotypes are designated for P. fuscipennis Weise, P. malandensis Weise, and P. suturalis Weise. Fourteen new species are described (type locality in parentheses): P. australiensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov (Queensland: Mt. Glorious National Park); P. cookensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov (Queensland: Mt. Cook); P. demiensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov (Queensland: Mt. Demi); P. howdeni Lingafelter and Konstantinov (Queensland: Mt. Lewis); P. humeromaculata Lingafelter and Konstantinov (Queensland: Windin Falls via Butchers Creek); P. kirejtshuki Lingafelter and Konstantinov (New South Wales: Dorrigo National Park); P. kurandensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov (Queensland: Kuranda); P. maculata Lingafelter and Konstantinov (Queensland: Bellenden Ker Range); P. nigra Lingafelter and Konstantinov (Que...
An Open Source ECG Clock Generator for Visualization of Long-Term Cardiac Monitoring Data

The collection of long-term health data is accelerating with the advent of portable/wearable medical devices including electrocardiograms (ECGs). This large corpus of data presents great opportunities to improve the quality of cardiac care. However, analyzing the data from these sensors is a challenge; the relevant information from $\sim 120$ 000 heart beats per patient per day must be condensed into a human-readable form. Our goal is to facilitate the analysis of these unwieldy data sets. We have developed an open source tool for creating easy-to-interpret plots of cardiac information over long periods. We call these plots ECG clocks. The utility of our ECG clock library is demonstrated through multiple examples drawn from a database of 24-h Holter recordings. In these case studies, we focus on the visualization of heart rate and QT dynamics. The ECG clock concept is shown to be relevant for both physicians and researchers, for identifying healthy and abnormal values and patterns in ECG recordings. In this paper, we describe how to use the ECG clock library to analyze 24-h ECG recordings, and how to extend the source code for your own purposes. The tool is applicable to a wide range of cardiac monitoring tasks, such as heart rate variability or ST elevation. This library, which we have made freely available, can help provide new insights into circadian patterns of cardiac function in individuals and groups.
Graphing Calculators: Enhancing Math Learning for All Students

Graphing calculators have become one of the most widely adopted technologies in education because they are a proven-effective, affordable handheld device with direct linkages to curricula. A robust and consistent body of research shows that graphing calculators can effectively support mathematics learning and democratize access to complex mathematical concepts. Graphing calculators enable students to explore connections across multiple representations. Recent extensions support formative assessment via a wireless network. Graphing calculators are aligned with existing standards and curricula and support valuable pedagogical practices, such as increasing attention to conceptual understanding and problem solving strategies by offloading laborious computations. Innovators who want to provide new technologies that will have a real impact on learning would do well to heed the lessons and successes of the graphing calculator.
Flexible models for spike count data with both over- and under- dispersion

A key observation in systems neuroscience is that neural responses vary, even in controlled settings where stimuli are held constant. Many statistical models assume that trial-to-trial spike count variability is Poisson, but there is considerable evidence that neurons can be substantially more or less variable than Poisson depending on the stimuli, attentional state, and brain area. Here we examine a set of spike count models based on the Conway-Maxwell-Poisson (COM-Poisson) distribution that can flexibly account for both over- and under-dispersion in spike count data. We illustrate applications of this noise model for Bayesian estimation of tuning curves and peri-stimulus time histograms. We find that COM-Poisson models with group/observation-level dispersion, where spike count variability is a function of time or stimulus, produce more accurate descriptions of spike counts compared to Poisson models as well as negative-binomial models often used as alternatives. Since dispersion is one determinant of parameter standard errors, COM-Poisson models are also likely to yield more accurate model comparison. More generally, these methods provide a useful, model-based framework for inferring both the mean and variability of neural responses.
Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of severe measles in 62 infants

Objective To explore the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of severe measles in infants.Methods Clinical data of 62 infants with severe measles were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of 62 infants with severe measles,42(67.74%)were aged 9 months,of whom37(88.10%)were not vaccinated against measles.The onset months were February-May,41 cases(66.13%)were found in March-April.All patients had fever and skin rash,the rates of other symptoms and complications were as follows:oral leukoplakia 80.65%(n=50),Catarrh symptom77.42%(n=48),conjunctivitis 79.03%(n=49),history of choked water cough 75.81%(n=47),pneumonia 95.16%(n=59),acute laryngitis 35.48%(n=22),electrolyte disorder 20.97%(n=13),acute respiratory distress syndrome 9.68%(n=6),liver function damage 9.68%(n=6),pneumothorax 8.06%(n=5),myocardial damage 4.84%(n=3),respiratory failure 3.23%(n=2),toxic encephalopathy3.23%(n=2),measles encephalitis 1.61%(n=1),and pleural effusion 1.61%(n=1).Of all cases,41 cases were cured,19 cases improved,1 case died,and 1 case gave up treatment.Conclusion These severe measles cases occurred mainly in infants aged9 months and were not vaccinated against measles;infants had history of choked water cough;the main onset months were March-April;pneumonia was still a predominant complication of infant measles.
Amino Acid Requirements. Interrelationships with Vitamins and Hormones

The effectiveness of food protein in meeting dietary requirements depends on a pattern of indispensable amino acids simulating physiologic needs and also—because of intimate metabolic interrelationships—on an adequate dietary supply of certain vitamins.
“Quirky case” and subjecthood

In this chapter we will examine some examples of “irregular” or atypical case marking. Case is a morphological feature used to indicate the function of an NP within its clause. But, as we will see, case marking is not always a reliable guide for determining the grammatical relation of a particular NP: an NP may be a grammatical subject or object even though its case marking suggests something quite different. In fact, it is not uncommon to find this kind of “mismatch” (or irregular correlation) between morphological features and syntactic functions. For this reason, it is important that grammatical relations be identified on the basis of syntactic evidence, and not on purely morphological grounds. In this chapter we will be primarily interested in the mismatch between case marking and grammatical relations. Examples of this kind will help us to clarify the kinds of syntactic evidence which can be used to identify grammatical relations (subjects in particular) when there is reason for uncertainty. We begin by looking at examples from German and Icelandic which show how the regular case-marking rules for subjects and objects can be overridden by the lexical requirements of a particular verb. As a way of introducing this issue, we will first consider the marking of prepositional objects in German. In the second section of this chapter we will consider the “dative subject” construction, taking examples primarily from South Asian languages.
Longitudinal Predictors of Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration and Victimization in Latino Emerging Adults

Despite the prevalence of intimate partner violence in emerging adulthood, literature focused on this life stage among Latinos remains limited. This longitudinal study examined acculturation; traditional gender role attitudes; use of alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco; and depressive symptoms in 10th grade as predictors of intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization among Latino emerging adults (N = 823; 58% female). Average age of participants was 15.5 years in 10th grade and 22.7 years in emerging adulthood. The results indicate important gender differences in intimate partner violence outcomes for Latino emerging adults. Higher U.S. acculturation predicted physical intimate partner violence perpetration among young men. More traditional gender role attitudes were significantly associated with psychological and physical intimate partner violence perpetration among male Latino emerging adults. Among Latinas, alcohol use in 10th grade predicted psychological perpetration and victimization in emerging adulthood. The findings have implications for developing gender- and ethnic-relevant prevention interventions focused on intimate partner violence among Latino adolescents and emerging adults.
Abstract 225B: Nursing Home Care Quality and 30-Day Readmission Rates for patients with Heart Failure

Background: Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is one of the most frequent cause for hospitalization in the United States but little is known about how the quality of care provided by the skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) influences readmission rates. Objectives: 1)To determine the association between care quality reported on Medicare9s Nursing Home Compare website and 30-day risk-adjusted readmission rate (RAR) for ADHF. 2) To assess the correlation of processes of care and characteristics of SNFs with 30-day RAR. Methods: Retrospective cohort study at Baystate Medical Center, a 659-bed tertiary care hospital. Subjects: Patients aged ≥18 years discharged to 17 local SNFs after hospitalization for ADHF from November 2008 to October 2011. SNF quality of care was assessed based on the quality rating (health inspection, quality measures and staff rating) obtained from www.medicare.gov/NHCompare (range 1 to 5 stars). Based on the distribution of quality ratings, SNFs with only 1 star were considered lower quality. A telephone survey about SNF characteristics (e.g. physician hours, number of beds, licensed nurse9s minutes) and processes of care (e.g. telemonitoring capability, onsite IV lasix, Heart failure (HF) treatment protocol) was completed by each director of nursing. RAR9s were calculated using a mixed-effects logistic regression model adjusting for demographics, comorbidities and clinical characteristics of the patients. Results: Of the 605 discharges (491 patients), 121 were readmitted within 30-days, 57 were ADHF related; 64% were female, 86% white and median age was 84 years (interquartile range 13). Nearly all (99%) patients had Medicare or Medicaid. At discharge, 37% had ejection fraction Conclusions: Overall Quality rating reported on www.medicare.gov/NHCompare, as well as processes of care performed by SNFs were not associated with RARs for patients with Heart failure. Higher staff ratings correlated with lower RAR.
Influence of Environmental Context on Recognition Rates of Stylized Walking Sequences

Affective movement will likely be an important component of robotic interaction as more and more robots move into human-facing scenarios where humans are (consciously or unconsciously) constantly monitoring the motion profile of counterparts in order to make judgments about the state of their counterpart. Many current studies in affective movement recognition and generation seek to either increase a machine’s ability to correctly identify human affect or to identify and create components of robotic movement that enhance human perception. However, very few of these studies investigate the influence of environmental context on a machine’s ability to correctly identity human affect or a human’s ability to correctly identify the affective intent of a robot. This paper presents the results of a user study that investigated how human perception of stylized walking sequences (created in [1]) varied based on the environment where they were portrayed. The results show that environment context can impact a person’s ability to correctly perceive the intended style of a movement.
AHP CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN ACTION: THE PERUVIAN HOSTAGE CRISIS OF 1996 â€“ 1997 RE-VISITED

The AHP analysis of the Peruvian hostage crisis of 1996-1997 is particularly significant because it was the first, and to my knowledge, only time that an AHP analysis of a hostage situation was done while the events were unfolding (Saaty & Mu, 1997). It shows the power of hierarchical thinking in terms of summarizing a complex crisis into two simple hierarchies of 3 to 4 criteria and 4 alternatives. In addition, this study shows the power of sensitivity analysis to compensate for the lack of experts to estimate the true criteria weights of the parties and, finally, the analysis was completed within the five-week period of the crisis duration and on time to potentially influence the outcome.Â https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v9i3.517
Highly Efficient and Stereoselective Thioallylation of Alkynes: Possible Gold Redox Catalysis with No Need for a Strong Oxidant.

Stereoselective thioallylation of alkynes under possible gold redox catalysis was accomplished with high efficiency (as low as 0.1 % catalyst loading, up to 99 % yield) and broad substrate scope (various alkynes, inter- and intramolecular fashion). The gold(I) catalyst acts as both a π-acid for alkyne activation and a redox catalyst for AuI/III coupling, whereas the sulfonium cation generated in situ functions as a mild oxidant. This novel methodology provides an exciting system for gold redox catalysis without the need for a strong oxidant.
Explaining Null-Prep in the L2 Grammar

The fundamental question addressed in this book is how adult learners acquire their L2 grammars. In this concluding chapter, the acquisition findings and the linguistic analyses will be integrated to offer explanatory accounts of the L2 data; specifically we must account for the finding of null-prep in the L2 development of pied-piping and preposition stranding in English.
Disruption and Impossibility: New Laches and the Unfortunate Resolution of the Iroquois Land Claims in Federal Court

That the law changes over time is no secret. That the law changes based on the parties involved is less obvious, but still no secret. In the case of the Haudenosaunee land claims cases, however, the law shifted dramatically and quickly based entirely on the identity of the parties. In less than five years, the federal appellate courts changed the law so drastically to all but end more than thirty years of modern litigation, reversing years of relative fairness at the district court level. These actions required a fundamental shift in the law of equity: the creation of a new equitable defense for governments against Indian land claims. How the courts accomplished so much in such a short amount of time requires a close reading of the cases and a few logical leaps.The first part of this article will give a brief history of the New York land claims, focusing on the Oneida Indian Nation and the Cayuga Indian Nation of New York. While the tribes have been fighting the status of this land since the original agreements were signed in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, this article looks to the modern era of land claims in the federal courts. The second part of this article will review how a decision in the Oneida claims case directly informed City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation. The third part will focus on the Cayuga Nation line of cases and how Cayuga Indian Nation of New York v. Pataki changed the fundamental understanding of the equitable defense of laches into a new defense used to defeat tribal land claims. Finally, the fourth part of this article will look closely at the most recent loss, Oneida Indian Nation v. County of Oneida, where the court admits the creation of a new equitable defense. This defense, identified as “new laches” or “Indian law laches” is a defense that can prevent even the bringing of a land claim in the courts. The defense is no longer traditional laches, but rather an equitable defense that follows none of the rules of equity, and exists only in federal Indian law.
Fevers, genes, and innate immunity.

The characterization of patients with recurrent inflammatory syndromes into distinct clinical phenotypes provided early clues to the mode of inheritance of these conditions and facilitated the subsequent identification of causative gene mutations. The prototype autoinflammatory syndrome, familial Mediterranean fever, is characterized by self-limiting episodes of localized inflammation. Hallmarks of the classical autoimmune response are largely absent. The use of positional cloning techniques led to the identification of the causative gene, MEFV, and its product pyrin. This previously unrecognized protein plays an important role in modulating the innate immune response. Cryopyrin, the protein encoded by CIAS1, is mutated in a spectrum of autoinflammatory conditions, the cryopyrinopathies. In response to a wide range of potential pathogens, it forms a macromolecular complex termed the “inflammasome,” resulting in caspase-1 activation and subsequent release of the active proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β). The role of an established biochemical pathway in regulating inflammation was uncovered by the discovery that the hyperimmunoglobulin D with periodic fever syndrome (HIDS) results from mutations in MVK, which encodes an enzyme in the isoprenoid pathway. The discovery that mutations in the gene encoding tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 (TNFR1) cause a proinflammatory phenotype was unanticipated, as it seemed more likely that such mutations would instead have resulted in an immunodeficiency pattern. This review describes the clinical phenotypes of autoinflammatory syndromes, the underlying gene mutations, and current concepts regarding their pathophysiology.
Dreams and Creativity

This article explores the association between night-time Dreams and Creativity , using English language terms that are hypothetical constructs (e.g., creativity ). Even the word dream is a social artifact, because dreams are viewed differently from culture to culture. What Westerners refer to as dreams and visions are referred to by a single word among many North American Indian tribes. The Australian aboriginal terms Dreamtime and the Dreaming have very different meanings from the same terms as used in Western societies. For the purposes of this entry, dreams are a series of images, reported in narrative form, that occur during sleep. Creativity , along with its equivalents in other languages, is a somewhat new term in the lexicon. Over the millennia, however, dreams have been linked with what is now called creativity , that is, with products and processes that are considered new, novel, and useful by individuals or by social groups. Because dreaming, at least in part, is a cognitive activity, its images and scenarios can serve as symbols and metaphors for unresolved life issues as well as their possible solutions. Examples from science, invention, business, sports, and the arts demonstrate how creative individuals have reported insights occurring in their dreams. A variety of research studies gives tentative support to the association between creativity and dreams.
Resilient Mechanism Design Foundations for Governance of Cyberspace Exploration in Theory, Strategy, and Policy

Three related trends in world politics – shifting in power relations, increased diversity of actors and entities, and the growing mobilization and politicization of global constituencies are contributing to a global “tussle” which threatens to erupt in a full-fledged international confrontation. Such contests may well reinforce the potentially powerful cleavages, such as those that became evident before, during, and after the World Conference on Information Technology, WCIT-2012. If present trends continue, it is unlikely that WCIT-2013 will reduce the cleavages and resolve the contentions.
Neonatal Head Circumference in Newborns With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.

OBJECTIVES: To compare head circumference (HC) in neonates treated for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) with control neonates without antenatal opioid exposure. METHODS: Our prospective cohort study ran from April 1, 2014, through December 31, 2016. Newborns treated for NAS delivered from well-dated pregnancies ≥34 weeks’ gestation were compared with newborns who were nonopioid exposed and matched for race, parity, mode of delivery, and gestational age. All mothers underwent serial antenatal urine drug testing. A minimum of 754 study participants were needed (377 in each group) to demonstrate an increase in the proportion of newborns with HCs less than or equal to the 10th percentile from 10% in controls to a minimum of 20% in NAS newborns with 90% power. RESULTS: A total of 858 neonates were enrolled (429 NAS cases and 429 controls). Mean HC for cases was 33.04 cm (±1.9 cm) compared with 33.99 cm (±2.0 cm) for controls (P CONCLUSIONS: Chronic opioid use during pregnancy sufficient to cause NAS was associated with smaller HCs at birth. Most mothers were on opioid agonist medication-assisted treatment, which is currently the recommended treatment option during pregnancy.
Empyema: Incidence and Medical Management

An empyema occurs in the setting of infected pleural fluid due to pneumonia, malignancy, or trauma. Empyemas are diagnosed using imaging, including bedside ultrasound, and cultures to determine the type of effusion. The type of effusion guides the treatment. Management includes antibiotics, drainage of the effusion with tube thoracostomy, and surgical intervention including VATS or open decortication.
MEAGER: Microsoft Excel automated grader

Although program grading has been an active area of research in computer science education, there is little evidence of research on automated grading systems for office applications. This paper introduces MEAGER. MEAGER is an automated grader for use by instructors in Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Office application courses. MEAGER performs static analysis on Microsoft Excel workbooks. MEAGER compares a student workbook with the instructor's correct version of the workbook. MEAGER marks the student workbook and assigns a grade. MEAGER includes reports and a tool for plagiarism detection.
Management issues in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease

Purpose of review Summarize recent evidence on the identification and management of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD). Recent findings Clinical and subclinical interstitial lung disease (ILD) are frequent extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Better means of identifying and treating RA-ILD are needed to improve the prognosis, with a median survival of only 3-7 years after diagnosis. Several serum biomarkers are currently being evaluated for their ability to detect RA-ILD. Thorough evaluation and multidisciplinary discussion remains the gold standard for establishing the diagnosis of RA-ILD. Management is challenging with most RA disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) linked to pneumonitis. Methotrexate is typically avoided in clinically significant ILD, although alternative therapies including leflunomide and biologic DMARDs also carry risks in RA-ILD. Antifibrotics appear to slow the progression of ILD, and a large phase II trial exclusively in RA-ILD is underway. In addition, smoking cessation, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, managing comorbidities, and lung transplantation evaluation are vital to improving patient outcomes in RA-ILD. Summary With little high-quality evidence to guide the management of RA-ILD, multidisciplinary teams with expertise in RA-ILD are highly valuable for diagnosing and treating RA-ILD. Clinical and translational research in RA-ILD is needed to fill the many evidence gaps.
Development of Capacitive Wearable Patches and Bands for Data Fusion in Complex Physical Activities

We present on the design of wearable multi-sensor patches for tracking posture, limb movements and general biomedical health. The sensor patch incorporates textile-based capacitive sensor elements to capture critical information on the strength, frequency and duration between specific episodes of movements in the arms, legs and torso. Also embedded into the capacitive patches and bands are compact off-the-shelf heart-rate, blood oxygenation, temperature, humidity, accelerometer, impact and vibrational sensors integrated on a wireless (BLE) microcontroller platform. Based on the captured signal characteristics and sequences, complex activities and body movements can be tracked, which can be used to monitor user activity, training performance, and biomedical health. The capacitive elements consist of stretchable textiles, embroidered patterns and nanocomposites of elastomers (PDMS/PVDF) in layered arrangements for maximum sensitivity and ductility. The magnitude and temporal changes in the sensor arrays can be converted into the recognizable activities and actionable intelligence on general health parameters. Hence the proposed wearable patches with integrated arrays of sensors will allow us to pursue compact, cost-effective, power-efficient solutions in the emerging era of sensor fusion for performance monitoring, worker training, high-risk patients.
I can’t love this the way you want me to: Archival blackness

In our introduction to the first Shakespeare Quarterly special issue on early modern race studies, Peter Erickson and I spoke of a ‘desire to sing a new scholarly song’ (Erickson and Hall, 2016, 13). Researching my current project, ‘Othello Was My Grandfather: Shakespeare and Race in the African Diaspora,’ I come across many Othello ‘citings’ that defy being folded into a traditional scholarly narrative, and I have been experimenting with incorporating personal voice – my strange style, if you will – in my writing. Responding to Ayanna Thompson’s intervention about the placement of the political investments of early modern race studies and the astute insights of Eric Debarros about the ways my personal experience recedes into the background in my earlier work, this is a personal meditation offering a sense of what it’s like to follow traces of Othello in archives meant to celebrate white achievement (De Barros, 2016, 623–4; Thompson 2008, 259–60).
Edmund Crispin (Pseudonym of Robert Bruce Montgomery, 1921–1978), 1944: The Case of the Gilded Fly

Edmund Crispin first appeared with the publication of The Case of the Gilded Fly (1944), launching a nine-volume detective fiction series featuring Oxford Professor of English literature Gervase Fen as the amateur detective. Crispin is the pseudonym for Robert Bruce Montgomery, noted composer of film scores, such as for the popular British Carry On film series. Montgomery coined the pseudonym to reserve his given name for music compositions. The pseudonym assumed a life of its own, beginning with the initial popular assumption that it belonged to an Oxford don, in the same manner as Michael Innes was the pseudonym for Oxford professor J. I. M. Stewart. Furthermore, Montgomery edited and introduced critical collections of science fiction and detective fiction under the Crispin pseudonym. Most importantly, however, the pseudonym develops another dimension in its appearance within the texts, as the detective Fen often refers to Crispin as the author of the books or Crispin provides signed footnotes within the text.