cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
DObjects+: Enabling Privacy-Preserving Data Federation Services

The emergence of cloud computing implies and facilitates managing large collections of highly distributed, autonomous, and possibly private databases. While there is an increasing need for services that allow integration and sharing of various data repositories, it remains a challenge to ensure the privacy, interoperability, and scalability for such services. In this paper we demonstrate a scalable and extensible framework that is aimed to enable privacy preserving data federations. The framework is built on top of a distributed mediator-wrapper architecture where nodes can form collaborative groups for secure anonymization and secure query processing when private data need to be accessed. New anonymization models and protocols will be demonstrated that counter potential attacks in the distributed setting.
A place for assembler in structured programming

Today, with the thrust being made with structured programming, questions arise concerning the relevance of assembler language code. The purpose of this paper is to defend assembler language programming by showing its relevance and to show how we present the course with a structured programming emphasis.In the sections that follows, we show the relevance of assembler through two examples of the use of assembler language coding. These examples show two extremes, one involves the development of a theoretical result in mathematics, the other shows the use of assembler in a commercial environment.Section 3 provides an overview to our approach in the course and how we view the role of assemblers in structured programming. Section 4 illustrates our approach to programming assignments and section 5 describes our approach to evaluating assignments.
Robert Lowell’s Propertius

Critics have ignored the strong Propertian presence in Robert Lowell's poems. The case is here made for Propertius as one of Lowell's main influences. Evidence adduced from Lowell's letters reveals his personal identification with Propertius, an attitude evident in the interpolations of his translation of elegy 4.7. Poems ostensibly based on Virgil, Catullus, and Ovid are shown to have a strong Propertian inflection. And per plexities of Propertius' style are linked to Lowell's.
Photothermal Deflection Densitometer with Pulsed-UV Laser Excitation

First application of pulsed photothermal deflection spectroscopy to solid samples is demonstrated. A new densitometer for thin layer chromatography based on this method is described. The technique is suitable for direct measurements in the ultraviolet region. A pulsed excimer laser is used to produce a transient thermal refractive index gradient. The laser delivers pulses of 1-2 mJ at 10-22 pulses/s, at 351 nm. With this system the detection limit for 2,4-dinitroaniline is 750 pg. The signal is linear with amount of analyte for about three orders of magnitude.
A reduction theorem for the linear complementarity problem with a certain patterned matrix

Abstract Matrices with a certain pattern are defined and their properties are studied. A reduction theorem is stated and proved which can be used to reduce the size of the linear complementarity problem defined by a matrix with the pattern. The identification of the pattern and the reduction theorem provide a mathematical model for a problem in structural mechanics when a certain symmetry prevails in the structural problem to be analyzed.
Alternative Interpretations: Valid or not?

This paper attempts to clarify the divisions that have emerged in interpretations of grounded theory following the publication of Strauss and Corbin's Basics of Qualitative Research (1990). In part...
Thermal performance testing of flat-plate collectors

Abstract Existing standards for testing the performance of flat-plate solar collectors are documented in ASHRAE 93 [ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 93-2003, 2003. Methods of Testing to Determine Thermal Performance of Solar Collectors, ISSN: 1041-2336, ASHRAE, Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle, Ne, Atlanta, GA30329], ISO 9806-1 [ISO Standard 9806-1:1994(E), 1994. Test Methods for Solar Collectors – Part 1: Thermal Performance of Glazed Liquid Heating Collectors Including Pressure Drop, ISO, Case Postale 56, CH-1211 Geneve 20, Switzerland] and EN12975-2 [European Standard EN12975-2:2001, 2001. Thermal Solar Systems and Components – Solar Collectors – Part 2: Test Methods, CEN, Rue de Stasart, 36, B-1050, Brussels]. The ASHRAE 93 standard requires an experimental determination of the steady-state collector efficiency under prescribed environmental conditions for a range of collector fluid temperatures. Each test requires a minimum of 20 min and 22 tests are required to fully characterize a collector’s thermal performance. The ASHRAE 93 testing procedure is further complicated by the fact that the prescribed weather conditions do not often occur in some locations, which prolongs the time required to conduct the performance tests for a given collector. The EN12975-2 collector test procedure provides an alternative transient test method that can be conducted over a larger range of environmental conditions. This paper compares the results obtained by applying the EN12975-2 standard with results obtained from the ASHRAE 93 steady-state tests for a well-designed single-glazed selective surface flat-plate collector. The collector thermal parameters, F R ( τα ) e and F R U L obtained by the two test methods show good agreement. The incident angle modifier coefficient determined in the ASHRAE method, which uses a separate test for this purpose, was found to be more accurate than that determined in the transient method according to the EN12975-2 standard, which obtains this value and all other collector parameters in the same step. This transient method, however, uses a refined collector model that includes specific terms for the wind speed dependence and the collector thermal capacitance, which are absent in the ASHRAE model. The long-term collector thermal performance as a part of a water heating system was simulated using the efficiency curves derived from each of the test methods. The solar fractions obtained by simulation are within 7% for both cases.
Monte Carlo studies of nuclear many-particle systems

Stochastic evaluation of path integrals provides a useful tool for the study of a variety of nuclear systems which are otherwise not amenable to definitive analysis through perturbative, variational, or stationary-phase approximations. Ground state properties of potential models, such as quantum fluctuations in the density, are examined. Tunneling problems in quantum many-particle systems, such as spontaneous fission and the ground state structure of systems with degenerate vacuua are treated by incorporating one's physical understanding of the essential collective degrees of freedom in the stochastic algorithm. The role of subnuclear degrees of freedom is studied by comparing the exact solution of a simple confining quark model with the solution to a phase-shift equivalent hadronic potential model.
Heavy-duty vehicle modelling and longitudinal control

This paper addresses modelling, longitudinal control design and implementation for heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs). The challenging problems here are: (a) an HDV is mass dominant with low power to mass ratio; (b) They possess large actuator delay and actuator saturation. To reduce model mismatch, it is necessary to obtain a nonlinear model which is as simple as the control design method can handle and as complicated as necessary to capture the intrinsic vehicle dynamics. A second order nonlinear vehicle body dynamical model is adopted, which is feedback linearizable. Beside the vehicle dynamics, other main dynamical components along the power-train and drive-train are also modelled, which include turbocharged diesel engine, torque converter, transmission, transmission retarder, pneumatic brake and tyre. The braking system is the most challenging part for control design, which contains three parts: Jake (engine compression) brake, air brake and transmission retarder. The modelling for each is provided. The use ...
Electrolytic solder deposit for next generation flip chip solder bumping: 2010 International Microsystems, Packaging, Assembly and Circuits Technology (IMPACT) conference

Current methods for the formation of pre-solder bumps for flip chip attachment use stencil printing techniques with an appropriate solder paste. The continuing trend towards increasing miniaturisation and the associated decrease in size of solder resist opening, SRO is causing production difficulties in particular associated with achieving sufficient yields with the stencil printing process. Practical experience of current production yields has shown that stencil printing will not be able to meet future requirements for solder bump pitch production below 0.15 mm for these applications. Also the increased costs associated with low yields are an ever present factor. This paper describes a novel approach to replace the stencil printing process by use of an electrolytic deposition of solder. In contrast to stencil printing, use of electrolytic deposition techniques allows production of solder bumps with a pitch below 0.15 mm and with a SRO below 80 jim. The electrolytic deposition of tin requires an electrical connection to each surface for metal deposition; this process is shown as made using an appropriate copper seed layer which is produced onto the structured soldermask. Specially modified activation and electroless copper processes are introduced for this critical process step. Following this the use of a photo sensitive plating resist defines the SRO which is then filled with the electrolytic tin deposit. The associated processes required both for seed layer production and for removal of plating resist and subsequent etching of the seed layer are described and first qualification results are shown from the complete process. Methods for production of electrolytic solder bumps based on pure tin as well as alloys of tin/copper are shown and in particular a method to control the alloy concentration of electroplated tin/copper bumps. Test results with both alloy system and also pure tin bumping are presented together with comparison of the advantages and disadvantages. This newly developed Sn/Cu plating process allows for a simultaneous plating of both sides of IC Substrates, the C4 and the BGA side of the panel. On the C4 side the complete Sn/Cu solder ball is plated whereas on the BGA side the basis for the subsequent placement of a larger solder ball can be achieved. Examples are given for such a process flow using the photo resist process on top of a solder resist. As a further development of the solder bumping process the photo resist free sequence is introduced which uses a modified tin deposition electrolyte to produce tin filled structures directly onto the structured and prepared soldermask. This process offers optimum solder bump plated distribution and the potential for further cost savings due to the elimination of critical processing steps associated with photo imaging.
An examination of nonrated municipal bonds

Abstract Prior studies have demonstrated that nonrated municipal bonds are awarded an interest cost that is higher on average than the lowest investment grade class. This result seemingly supports the contention that nonrated bonds are uniformly lower quality than rated bonds. We suggest that this is an incomplete description of the municipal bond market. We hypothesize that nonrated municipal bonds may be self-selected, or the result of rational cost/benefit decisions apart from the inherent riskiness of the issue. Our empirical results support this latter view by demonstrating that larger par value nonrated issues receive interest costs that are significantly higher than smaller nonrated issues.
Synthesizing Code for Resource Controllers

A distributed system is viewed as a set of objects and processes utilizing the objects. If a shared object, known as a resource, is accessed concurrently, some mechanism is necessary to control use of the resource in order to satisfy the consistency and fairness requirements associated with the resource. These mechanisms are termed resource controllers.
Viral interleukin‐10 gene inhibition of inflammation, osteoclastogenesis, and bone resorption in response to titanium particles

Objective To evaluate the potential of viral interleukin-10 (vIL-10) gene therapy as an approach to prevent wear debris–induced inflammation, osteoclastogenesis, and bone resorption as it relates to periprosthetic osteolysis in patients with total joint replacements. Methods Replication-defective adenovirus vectors expressing vIL-10 (AdvIL-10) or LacZ (AdLacZ) target genes were used to transduce fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in vitro, and the effects of these cells on wear debris–induced proinflammatory cytokine production and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand + macrophage colony-stimulating factor splenocyte osteoclastogenesis were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase assay. The effects of AdvIL-10 administration on wear debris–induced osteolysis in vivo were analyzed using the mouse calvaria model, in which AdLacZ was used as the control. Results In the presence of AdLacZ-infected FLS, titanium particle–stimulated macrophages exhibited a marked increase in secretion of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) (6.5-fold), IL-6 (13-fold), and IL-1 (5-fold). Coculture with AdvIL-10–transduced FLS suppressed cytokine secretion to basal levels, while addition of an anti–IL-10 neutralizing antibody completely blocked this effect. The vIL-10–transduced FLS also inhibited osteoclastogenesis 10-fold in an anti–IL-10–sensitive manner. In vivo, titanium implantation resulted in a 2-fold increase in osteoclasts (P < 0.05) and in a 2-fold increase in sagittal suture area (P < 0.05). This increase over control levels was completely blocked in mice receiving intraperitoneal injections of AdvIL-10, all of whom had measurable serum vIL-10 levels for the duration of the experiment. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated reduced cyclooxygenase 2 and TNFα expression in AdvIL-10–infected animals. Conclusion This study demonstrates that gene delivery of vIL-10 inhibits 3 processes critically involved in periprosthetic osteolysis: 1) wear debris–induced proinflammatory cytokine production, 2) osteoclastogenesis, and 3) osteolysis.
Molecular Mechanisms of Interferon Resistance Mediated by Viral-Directed Inhibition of PKR, the Interferon-Induced Protein Kinase

The interferon (IFN)-induced cellular antiviral response is the first line of defense against viral infection within an animal host. In order to establish a productive infection, eukaryotic viruses must first overcome the IFN-induced blocks imposed on viral replication. The double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) is a key component mediating the antiviral actions of IFN. This IFN-induced protein kinase can restrict viral replication through its ability to phosphorylate the protein synthesis initiation factor eukaryotic initiation factor-2 alpha-subunit and reduce levels of viral protein synthesis. Viruses, therefore, must block the function of PKR in order to avoid these deleterious antiviral effects associated with PKR activity. Indeed, many viruses have developed effective measures to repress PKR activity during infection. This review will focus primarily on an overview of the different molecular mechanisms employed by these viruses to meet a common goal: the inhibition of PKR function, uncompromised viral protein synthesis, and unrestricted virus replication. The past few years have seen exciting new advances in this area. Rather unexpectedly, this area of research has benefited from the use of the yeast system to study PKR. Other recent advances include studies on PKR regulation by the herpes simplex viruses and data from our laboratory on the medically important hepatitis C viruses. We speculate that IFN is ineffective as a therapeutic agent against hepatitis C virus because the virus can effectively repress PKR function. Finally, we will discuss briefly the future directions of this PKR field.
Effects of cocaine and d-amphetamine on sustained and selective attention in rats.

Abstract The effects of cocaine and d -amphetamine were compared in two attention-loading tasks. Cued by the position of a light, rats were food-reinforced for pressing one of two levers in a 2-choice, discrete-trial procedure. In the “sustained attention” task, the cue light was illuminated for a brief period (1.8 sec or less) at the beginning of each trial. In the “selective attention” task, the cue light remained on until a level press, while a blinking light over the incorrect lever served as a distractor. In the sustained attention task, low doses of d -amphetamine (0.25 mg/kg SC) and cocaine (2.5 mg/kg SC) enhanced accuracy; some doses of d -amphetamine (0.75 mg/kg SC) and cocaine (1.25 and 2.5 mg/kg SC) also reduced choice latencies. In the selective attention task, the lower doses of these drugs had no effect on accuracy, the highest dose of d -amphetamine (1.25 mg/kg SC) disrupted accuracy, and all doses of the drugs reduced choice latencies. The time to retrieve food was increased in a dose-dependent fashion by both drugs in both tasks. These results indicate that, other than differences in potency, cocaine and d -amphetamine induce similar behavioral effects in attention-loading tasks, with improvement or interference with performance dependent on the dose and the type of attention demanded of the task.
Compatibility of molten salts with Type 316 stainless steel and lithium

Molten salts with possible application in fusion reactors have been studied. The corrosion rate of Type 316 stainless steel in LiF--BeF/sub 2/, KNO/sub 3/--NaNO/sub 2/--NaNO/sub 3/, and LiF--LiCl--LiBr was strongly affected by the temperature and oxidation potential of the salt. A rapid exothermic reaction occurred when KNO/sub 3/--NaNO/sub 2/--NaNO/sub 3/ was melted with lithium.
Sensory changes with prolonged double-cuff tourniquet time in hand surgery

This study evaluates the sensory changes that occur in the operated hand after the use of the double-cuff tourniquet technique for up to 4 hours. Thirty patients whose hand operations lasted more than 2 hours were evaluated. Tourniquet time ranged between 2 hours and 4 hours, 17 minutes. Light touch, von Frey's aesthesiometry, vibratory sensation, and two-point discrimination were examined. Subjective overall sensation and postoperative edema were also assessed. Patients were evaluated the evening before operation, on the second postoperative day, and at every out-patient follow-up visit, until all examined parameters returned to normal. Of the patients 73% demonstrated clinically normal sensibility test results within 23 days after operation. In 80% of all patients, subjective sensibility of the operated hand was equal to the nonoperated hand within 1 week of operation. Ultimately, all patients (96%) but one, demonstrated normal sensibility test results and normal subjective sensibility. Postoperative edema developed in 53% of the patients; it subsided in less than 4 weeks. The double-cuff technique can prolong tourniquet time safely for up to 4 hours.
The mechanics of load transfer by retentive pins.

Abstract Tests were conducted to determine patterns of stress that are developed by placing various kinds of loads on retentive pins. The effects of the types of pins, spacing between the pins, and depth and angle of insertion of the pins were investigated.
Structural properties of a monobrominated analog of 1, 2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine.

Abstract Hydrated multibilayers of1-palmitoyl-2-monobromopalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoryl-choline (BrDPPC), where the 2-chain is brominated at either the C-9 or C-10 position, have been studied by low and wide angle X-ray diffraction methods. Oriented and unoriented samples were investigated. The long spacing was observed over the temperature interval −15°C to 80°C. A monotonic increase from approx. 50 A to approx. 62 A (28 wt. % H2O) occurred with decreasing temperature. The BrDPPC showed no evidence of a sharp gel-to-liquid crystal phase transition. Wide angle scattering showed a diffuse peak corresponding to (4.5 A)−1. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements for hydrated liposomes (50 wt. % H2O) also showed no evidence for a phase transition (−40 ⪯ T ⪯ 60°C). These results suggest a low temperature amorphous (glass) state for the acylside chains of BrDPPC. Monolayer film properties of monobrominated stearic acid also reflect a chain disordering effect occurring upon midchain subsitution.
β‐Lactoglobulin Separation from Whey Protein Isolate on a Large Scale

A method for obtaining large quantities of β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) from commercial whey protein isolate (WPI) was developed. β-Lg was separated from the rest of the whey proteins in a solution of 15% (W:W) WPI in distilled water adjusted to pH 2 and 7% NaCl. β-Lg was then separated from NaCl using diafiltration. The results indicate that more than 65% of the β-Lg originally in the WPI solution was recovered. The purity of the β-Lg was greater than 95%.
An Exploration of the Ideologies of Software Intellectual Property: The Impact on Ethical Decision Making

This article helps to clarify and articulate the ideological, legal, and ethical attitudes regarding software as intellectual property (IP). Computer software can be viewed as IP from both ethical and legal perspectives. The size and growth of the software industry suggest that large profits are possible through the development and sale of software. The rapid growth of the open source movement, fueled by the development of the Linux operating system, suggests another model is possible. The large number of unauthorized copies of software programs suggests that many people do not believe in laws regarding software copyright. There are many and varied views of software as IP, even within the information systems (IS) profession. In this article, four distinct subgroups of IS professionals are identified. The article describes the four subgroups and their respective ideological views on software ownership; it explores the subgroups’ attitudes regarding software laws; and finally, it explains the ethical positions embraced by each subgroup.
Recombination is suppressed in an alien introgression in peanut harboring Rma, a dominant root-knot nematode resistance gene

Rma, a dominant root-knot nematode resistance gene introduced into tetraploid peanut (Arachis hypogaea) from a synthetic allotetraploid donor (TxAG-6), has been widely deployed in modern cultivars. The genomic location and borders of the alien chromosome segment introgressed from TxAG-6 into NemaTAM (a BC7-derived introgression line) and other modern cultivars carrying Rma have not been genetically mapped, and resistance gene candidates (RGCs) have not been identified for Rma. Our study focused on densely populating the alien introgression with codominant DNA markers, identifying and mapping the borders of the alien introgression carried by NemaTAM, and identifying RGCs for Rma. Altogether, 2,847 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and 380 single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) markers were screened for linkage to Rma-247 of the SSCP markers targeted 202 nucleotide binding site (NBS) leucine-rich repeat (LRR) and other resistance (R) gene homologs (75 were identified by mining a peanut EST database). SSR, NBS-LRR, and Ser/Thr receptor-like protein loci within the alien introgression co-segregated with Rma in an F4 population (Gregory × Tifguard) and were tightly linked and spanned 3.4 cM in an F5 population (NemaTAM × GP-NC-WS-14). By comparative mapping in the A-genome progenitor of peanut (A. duranensis), Rma was discovered to have been introduced on an interstitial alien chromosome segment spanning one-third to one-half of chromosome 9A. Numerous codominant DNA markers were identified for finer mapping of Rma, shortening the alien introgression harboring Rma by marker-assisted selection, and introducing novel root-knot nematode R-genes into peanut by targeting syntenic segments on chromosomes 9A and 9B in wild diploid donors.
Process and Action in Social Justice Group Work: Introduction to the Special Issue

Social advance depends as much upon the process through which it is secured as upon the result itself. ∼Jane Addams It is our pleasure and honor as guest coeditors to introduce the first of two con...
A Compact 3D Omnidirectional Range Sensor of High Resolution for Robust Reconstruction of Environments

In this paper, an accurate range sensor for the three-dimensional reconstruction of environments is designed and developed. Following the principles of laser profilometry, the device exploits a set of optical transmitters able to project a laser line on the environment. A high-resolution and high-frame-rate camera assisted by a telecentric lens collects the laser light reflected by a parabolic mirror, whose shape is designed ad hoc to achieve a maximum measurement error of 10 mm when the target is placed 3 m away from the laser source. Measurements are derived by means of an analytical model, whose parameters are estimated during a preliminary calibration phase. Geometrical parameters, analytical modeling and image processing steps are validated through several experiments, which indicate the capability of the proposed device to recover the shape of a target with high accuracy. Experimental measurements show Gaussian statistics, having standard deviation of 1.74 mm within the measurable range. Results prove that the presented range sensor is a good candidate for environmental inspections and measurements.
Infrared sensing of full penetration state in gas tungsten arc welding

Abstract The objective of this study is to present an applicable top-side infrared sensing technique for the prospective closed-loop control of weld penetration in gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). A model is developed to calculate the full penetration state, which is specified by the back-side bead width, from the sensed infrared images. To ensure the model validity in the prospective closed-loop control, the experiments, which generate the data for the model identification, are conducted under the experimental conditions that will be encountered during practical closed-loop control of the welding process. The heat transfer condition and electrode tip angle may vary during welding or from case to case. Also, the control variables which are used to adjust the weld process in order to reach the required weld penetration will also change. In many cases, the current can be employed as an on-line adjustable control variable because of the implementation ease, when the welding speed and arc length are maintained at the preset values. Thus, different currents, workpiece sizes, and electrode tip angles are arranged in the experiments to emulate the possible current adjustments, case to case heat transfer variations, and electrode wear. The infrared characteristics of the effects of these parameters are extracted to regress the full penetration state. Finally, the back-side weld width (the full penetration state) is calculated using the resultant model from the sensed infrared data.
A specification test for discrete choice models

Abstract In standard discrete choice models, adding options cannot increase the choice probability of an existing alternative. We use this observation to construct a simple nonparametric specification test by exploiting variation in the choice sets individuals face. We use a multiple testing procedure to determine the particular kind of choice sets that produce violations. We apply these tests to the 1896 US House of Representatives election and reject commonly used discrete choice voting models.
Carboplatin and doxorubicin combination chemotherapy for the treatment of appendicular osteosarcoma in the dog.

Twenty-four client-owned dogs with histologically diagnosed appendicular osteosarcoma (OSA) and no evidence of gross metastatic disease were treated with amputation or limb salvage followed by combination chemotherapy consisting of carboplatin (175 mg/ m 2 IV, day 1) and doxorubicin (15 mg/m 2 IV, day 2) given on a 21-day cycle for a maximum of 4 cycles. Hematologic and gastrointestinal adverse effects were graded according to National Cancer Institute guidelines. Thoracic radiographs were obtained before the 3rd chemotherapy cycle and then every 2 months. Median disease-free interval was 195 days (95% confidence interval 111-228 days) and median survival was 235 days (95% confidence interval 150-283 days). Two patients required dose reductions: 1 for grade 3 thrombocytopenia and 1 for grade 3 adverse gastrointestinal effects. Patients with a longer duration of clinical signs before definitive diagnosis and surgery (greater than 30 days) were more likely to develop progressive disease and to die or be euthanized because of progressive disease on any day; hazard ratios were 3.0 (P =.02) and 3.7 (P =.02), respectively. In conclusion, although this combination chemotherapy protocol was well tolerated, it did not provide any improvement over historical single-agent protocols.
A rapidly progressing Pancoast syndrome due to pulmonary mucormycosis: a case report

Pancoast syndrome is characterized by Horner syndrome, shoulder pain radiating down the arm, compression of the brachial blood vessels, and, in long-standing cases, atrophy of the arm and hand muscles. It is most commonly associated with lung carcinoma but rarely is seen with certain infections. We present the case of a 51-year-old Caucasian man who had acute myeloid leukemia and who developed a rapidly fulminating pneumonia along with signs and symptoms of acute brachial plexopathy and left Horner syndrome. Also, a purpuric plaque developed over his left chest wall and progressed to skin necrosis. The skin biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage showed a Rhizopus species, leading to a diagnosis of mucormycosis. This is a rare case of pneumonia due to mucormycosis associated with acute Pancoast syndrome. According to our review of the literature, only a few infectious agents have been reported to be associated with Pancoast syndrome. We found only three case reports of mucormycosis associated with acute Pancoast syndrome. Clinicians should consider mucormycosis in their differential diagnosis in a patient with pulmonary lesions and chest wall invasion with or without neurological symptoms, especially in the setting of neutropenia or other immunosuppressed conditions. It is important to recognize this condition early in order to target therapy and interventions.
Overexpression of insulin-like growth factor 2 in colorectal cancer

CONCLUSIONS: Shh pathway misexpression is highly prevalent in pancreatic adenocarcinoma specimens, and does not appear to be driven by major genomic rearrangements. Anti-Hh therapy had the greatest anti-tumor effect in well to moderatelydifferentiated tumors. This response diminished in higher grade tumors that appear less dependent on Hh activity for survival and proliferation. These data underscore the importance of tumor grade in using the anti-Hh strategy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma treatment in the future.
Provider-Focused Intervention Increases Adherence-Related Dialogue, But Does Not Improve Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Persons with HIV

Background:Physicians' limited knowledge of patients' antiretroviral adherence may reduce their ability to perform effective adherence counseling.Methods:We conducted a randomized, cross-over study of an intervention to improve physicians' knowledge of patients' antiretroviral adherence. The interve
The Opportunity in Higher Education: How Open Education and Peer-to-Peer Networks Are Essential for Higher Education

The university's role in the nation's economy is to increase its ability to transfer research to industry, generate new inventions and patents, and spin-off its technology in the form of startup companies. As such, there has been a movement in the USA and around the world to make universities ‘engines of innovation’, and to enhance their ability to commercialize their research. In accordance with these principles, the idea of open learning innovation in the peer-to-peer system of higher education has been put into the forefront of economic, social, and cultural creative concepts. Open learning and open innovation provide educators and administrators in the peer-to-peer networks, which provides the ability for them to take a step back and view the educational process through the lens of the creative economy. There is growing momentum to embrace open innovation and the necessity to use peer-to-peer networks for educational institutions. The author contends that open education along with peer-to-peer network...
RT-31SURVIVAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS RECEIVING BOTH FRACTIONATED STEREOTACTIC RADIOTHERAPY AND BEVACIZUMAB FOR RECURRENT HIGH GRADE GLIOMA

BACKGROUND: Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) and bevacizumab (BEV) are commonly utilized treatments for recurrent high grade glioma (rHGG), yet robust outcomes data regarding the combination of these therapies is lacking. Furthermore, the optimal sequence of these regimens is not well defined. METHODS: Patients with WHO grade III (AA) or IV (GBM) glioma who received both BEV and re-irradiation with FSRT were retrospectively reviewed. Study endpoints included overall survival (OS) and median survival time (MST) from recurrence. Kaplan-Meier curves were generated utilizing a log-rank test with a p-value of ≤0.05 considered significant. RESULTS: 105 patients with rHGG (GBM = 79, AA = 26) received both BEV and FSRT. Patient characteristics at recurrence were as follows: Median KPS was 80 (range: 50-100); median age was 57; median time to recurrence was 10.8 months (mo) and 36.2% of patients had surgery for recurrence. The median time to second treatment modality was 6.2 mo for patients receiving BEV first and 5.5 mo for the FSRT first cohort. For all patients, median OS was 28.1 mo and MST from recurrence was 14.7 mo (25.2 mo and 13.8 mo for GBM only). In patients receiving FSRT first (n = 56), median OS and MST from recurrence were 35.1 mo and 16.3 mo respectively. In patients receiving BEV first (n = 50), median OS and MST from recurrence were 25.9 and 13.3 mo respectively. Sequencing FSRT prior to BEV at recurrence showed improvement in OS (p = 0.043) but only a trend for improvement in MST from recurrence (p = 0.116). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of FSRT and BEV for recurrent/progressive HGG provide promising results in terms of OS and survival from recurrence. Combining these treatment modalities appears to improve upon the historic outcomes of either treatment alone and sequencing FSRT as the initial treatment of recurrence may provide a survival benefit.
Neuroendocrine aspects of primary endogenous depression. XII: Receiver operating characteristic and Kappa analyses of serum and urine cortisol measures in patients and matched controls

Abstract The majority of studies investigating the diagnostic utility of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis measures in major depression have focused on the dexamethasone (DEX) suppression test (DST). The DST correlates well, but imperfectly, with other measures of HPA activity. Fewer studies have considered the ability of basal cortisol measures to discriminate depressives from non-depressed patients or normal subjects. We used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to examine the mean 24-hr serum cortisol concentration, our benchmark of basal HPA axis activity, compared to smaller segments of the 24-hr cortisol profile, post-DEX serum cortisol values, and pre- and post-DEX 24-hr urinary free cortisol (UPC) levels in 40 primary endogenous major depressives compared to 40 matched normal control subjects. No statistically significant differences in ROC curves were found between mean 24-hr cortisol and the other cortisol measures. The mean 24-hr, 1300h–1600h, 1600h–1900h, and 16-hr post-DEX serum cortisol concentrations and the post-DEX UFC level all appeared to be comparable estimators of HPA activity. The single 2300h pre-DEX serum cortisol concentration and the pre-DEX 24-hr UPC level performed notably poorer than did the other measures. We additionally calculated kappa statistics to determine the optimally sensitive and specific discriminators of the cortisol measures between the depressives and the normal controls. The 2300h post-DEX serum cortisol measure was optimally sensitive, and the 1500h post-DEX serum cortisol was optimally specific. The 0700h, 1500h, and 2300h post-DEX cerum cortisols were very close together as the optimally efficient measures (best combination of sensitivity and specificity).
Sky Protest: New Forms of Labour Resistance in Neo-Liberal Korea

ABSTRACTThis article examines the rise of “sky protest,” a new form of labour resistance in Korea, by focusing on three major labour struggles at Hanjin Heavy Industry, Ssangyong Motors, and Hyundai Motors. Through a close examination of these instances of labour contention, this study argues that the rise to this new form of labour unrest is associated with deepening chasms in neo-liberalised Korean society, such as the division between globalising capital and immobile labour, the division between regular and non-regular workers within the labour market, and the division between the represented and the unrepresented by political institutions and collective organisations. This article ultimately argues that these multiple and severe divisions within Korean society pose a serious strain on its democratic governance.
Examining the perceptions of professionally oriented accounting faculty

Abstract The critical role of professionally oriented (PO) faculty in accounting education is of growing importance due to the shortage of doctorally qualified accounting faculty and the desire to increase the practice relevance of accounting education. Recently, the Pathways Commission called for greater integration of PO faculty into accounting programs and research. In addition, the AACSB recently modified its accreditation standards to enhance the practice relevance of teaching and research. Given the importance of PO faculty to accounting education, this study reflects a systematic effort to assess the interests, needs, and aspirations of current PO faculty to help facilitate the integration of PO faculty, as called for by the Pathways Commission, and to examine issues associated with the Pathways Commission's call for examining alternative pathways to terminal degrees. The study surveyed 267 current PO accounting faculty members in the U.S. regarding their experiences and perceptions of their roles in accounting departments. Overall results suggest that these faculty members are largely satisfied with their experiences in academia. Participants also indicated that the teaching-related training, feedback, and guidance they receive are quite limited; participation in service activities is moderate; and involvement in research activities is low. In line with the concerns expressed by the Pathways Commission, part-time PO faculty frequently have aspirations for full-time and/or tenure track positions, and they view the lack of a doctorate as impeding their chance of achieving those aspirations. The findings support four themes highlighted by the Pathways Commission: (a) increasing access to doctoral education; (b) improving teaching-related training, feedback, and guidance; (c) more effectively integrating PO faculty into accounting departments; and (d) engaging PO faculty in research activities.
Juvenile chum salmon consumption of zooplankton in marine waters of southeastern Alaska: a bioenergetics approach to implications of hatchery stock interactions

Bioenergetics modeling was used to estimate zooplankton prey consumption of hatchery and unmarked stocks of juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) migrating seaward in littoral (nearshore) and neritic (epipelagic offshore) marine habitats of southeastern Alaska. A series of model runs were completed using biophysical data collected in Icy Strait, a regional salmon migration corridor, in May, June, July, August, and September of 2001. These data included a temperature (1-m surface versus surface to 20-m average), zooplankton standing crop (surface to 20-m depth versus entire water column), chum salmon diet (percent weight of prey type consumed), energy densities, and weight. Known numbers of hatchery releases were used in a cohort reconstruction model to estimate total abundance of hatchery and wild chum salmon in the northern region of southeastern Alaska, given average survival to adults and for two different (low and high) early marine littoral mortality rate assumptions. Total prey consumption was relatively insensitive to temperature differences associated with the depths potentially utilized by juvenile chum salmon. However, the magnitudes and temporal patterns of total prey consumed differed dramatically between the low and high mortality rate assumptions. Daily consumption rates from the bioenergetics model and CPUE abundance from sampling in Icy Strait were used to estimate amount and percentage of zooplankton standing crop consumed by mixed stocks of chum salmon. We estimated that only a small percentage of the available zooplankton was consumed by juvenile chum salmon, even during peak abundances of marked hatchery and unmarked mixed stocks in July. Total daily consumption of zooplankton by all stock groups of juvenile chum salmon was estimated to be between 330 and 1764 g/km2d1 from June to September in the neritic habitat of Icy Strait. As with any modeling exercise, model outputs can be misleading if input parameters and underlying assumptions are not valid; therefore, additional studies are warranted, especially to determine physiological input parameters, and to improve abundance and mortality estimates specific to juvenile chum salmon. Future bioenergetics modeling is also needed to evaluate consumption by the highly abundant, vertically migrating planktivorous that co-occurred in our study; we suggest that these fishes have a greater impact on the zooplankton standing crop in Icy Strait than do hatchery stock groups of juvenile chum salmon.
Pemphigoid and pemphigus antigens in cultured epidermal cells

SUMMARY Fractions of IgG from sera of patients with pemphigoid and pemphigus added to monolayer cultures of mouse epidermal cells resulted in a sparse distribution of cells. Direct immunofluorescence studies of these monolayers revealed epidermal cell surface antigens reacting with pemphigoid and pemphigus antibodies. We suggest that these antibodies may bind to epidermal cell surface antigenic molecules which are important in maintaining epidermal cell adhesion in culture. Pemphigoid and pemphigus are diseases in which epidermal cell adhesion is abnormal (cell-to-cell in pemphigus and cell-to-basement membrane in pemphigoid). This defective adhesion process is associated with an auto-immune antigen/antibody reaction occurring on surfaces of epidermal cells, i.e. basal cells in pemphigoid, differentiating keratinocytes in pemphigus. We are studying the in vitro effects of pemphigoid, pemphigus and normal IgG fractions on mouse epidermal cells grown in culture to determine whether the epidermal cell adhesion defect and the autoimmune reaction are pathogenetically related. The present investigation was undertaken, flrst to determine the presence of pemphigus and pemphigoid antigens on mouse epidermal cells grown in culture, and second to detect changes in monolayer morphology that may occur as a result ofthe antigen/antibody reaction.
Hepatic subcellular localization of cresylbenzodioxaphosphorin oxide (CBDP)-sensitive soman binding sites

Abstract The toxicity of the organophosphorus poison soman (pinacolylrnethylphosphonofluoridate) is attributable to its irreversible inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. In addition, soman binds irreversibly to a number of noncholinesterase tissue binding sites which appear to be its major means of in vivo detoxification. This study was conducted to determine the hepatic subcellular localization of these sites. Subcellular fractions of liver from male Sprague-Dawley rats (200–250 g) were prepared by differential and isopycnic density gradient centrifugation. The binding of [14C]soman to these subcellular fractions was determined in the presence and absence of cresylbenzodioxaphosphorin oxide (CBDP), a compound that binds irreversibly to the noncholinesterase soman binding sites. Crude fractionation of liver homogenates into nuclear, mitochondrial, microsomal, and soluble fractions revealed that 78% of the total CBDP-sensitive binding activity was localized in the nuclear and microsomal fractions. Further purification of these fractions indicated that all of the homogenate binding activity could be accounted for in the purified microsomal fraction. When purified liver microsomes were solubilized and fractionated on linear sucrose gradients, 90% of the CBDP-sensitive soman binding activity cosedimented with carboxylesterase activity which suggests that these binding sites are carboxylesterase.
Using calcium carbide with the acetylene inhibition technique to measure denitrification from a sprinkler irrigated vegetable crop

The use of calcium carbide (CaC2) pellets as a source of acetylene (C2H2) for the C2H2 inhibition technique to measure denitrification in the field was examined in a sandy loam soil cropped to lettuce. CaC2 was used in combination with vented closed chambers. Three grams of 2–4 mm CaC2 pellets were inserted at 7 and 20 cm for raised beds, and 6 and 15 cm for furrows, in four holes located at right angles, 2.5 cm outside a 20 cm dia. chamber pushed 4 cm into the soil. Acetylene concentrations were determined in the centre of the chamber 1.0 and 4.0 hours after applying CaC2, in beds (two dates) and furrows (one date) at different depths to 20 and 15 cm, respectively, for beds and furrows. At soil matric potentials of ca. 0.01 and ca. 0.06 MPa, soil C2H2 concentrations were >1.0% (v/v) for all determinations. Weekly measurements of denitrification were made from a sprinkler irrigated lettuce crop for 8 weeks. Measurements were made 24 hours after irrigation and on one occasion 48 hours after. Measured mean rates of denitrification were generally <100 g N ha−1 d−1, much less than published data following furrow irrigation of vegetable crops in a nearby region. In another sandy loam soil at ca. 0.08 MPa, soil C2H2 concentrations were ≥2.0 % at 5 and 15 cm, 1.0 and 6.0 hours after adding CaC2. Using CaC2 to generate C2H2 in soil is a convenient approach for field measurements where the C2H2 inhibition technique is used with chambers to determine the nitrous oxide flux. In comparison with C2H2 supply via probe systems, CaC2 overcomes the requirements for cylinders of pressurised C2H2 gas and complex on-site plumbing.