cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Rewiring coral: Anthropogenic nutrients shift diverse coral-symbiont nutrient and carbon interactions toward symbiotic algal dominance.

Improving coral reef conservation requires heightened understanding of the mechanisms by which coral cope with changing environmental conditions to maintain optimal health. We used a long-term (10 month) in situ experiment with two phylogenetically diverse scleractinians (Acropora palmata and Porites porites) to test how coral-symbiotic algal interactions changed under real-world conditions that were a priori expected to be beneficial (fish-mediated nutrients) and to be harmful, but non-lethal, for coral (fish + anthropogenic nutrients). Analyzing nine response variables of nutrient stoichiometry and stable isotopes per coral fragment, we found that nutrients from fish positively affected coral growth, and moderate doses of anthropogenic nutrients had no additional effects. While growing, coral maintained homeostasis in their nutrient pools, showing tolerance to the different nutrient regimes. Nonetheless, structural equation models revealed more nuanced relationships, showing that anthropogenic nutrients reduced the diversity of coral-symbiotic algal interactions and caused nutrient and carbon flow to be dominated by the symbiont. Our findings show that nutrient and carbon pathways are fundamentally "rewired" under anthropogenic nutrient regimes in ways that could increase corals' susceptibility to further stressors. We hypothesize that our experiment captured coral in a previously unrecognized transition state between mutualism and antagonism. These findings highlight a notable parallel between how anthropogenic nutrients promote symbiont dominance with the holobiont, and how they promote macroalgal dominance at the coral reef scale. Our findings suggest more realistic experimental conditions, including studies across gradients of anthropogenic nutrient enrichment as well as the incorporation of varied nutrient and energy pathways, may facilitate conservation efforts to mitigate coral loss.
Who Benefits from Organizational Diversity Efforts? Evidence from Silicon Valley Firms

We study the heterogeneous effects of race and gender on hiring and sourcing outcomes in the context of organizational diversity efforts. Despite the growing prominence of organizational efforts to...
The Role of Teachable Ownership of Learning Components in College Adjustment

Using structural equation modeling, the current study analyzed data from 249 college students to examine how four aspects of ownership of learning (engagement in learning, self-direction, self-effi...
Self-Assembled Thermoresponsive Molecular Brushes as Nanoreactors for Asymmetric Aldol Addition in Water

The manipulation and tunability of self-assembled block copolymers through external stimuli present an attractive strategy to develop smart polymer-based nanoreactors as supports for non-orthogonal tandem catalysis. We report on thermoresponsive core–shell micelles based on poly[norbornene-poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline-block-2-propyl-2-oxazoline)]-graft-poly[norbornene l-proline] (P[NB-P(MeOx-b-PropOx)]-graft-P[NB-l-proline]) as catalyst supports for l-proline. These molecular brushes exhibit large differences in lower critical solution temperature behavior and nanostructure size in water, depending on chain lengths and proline connectivity. l-Proline-mediated aldol reactions expose the efficiency by which the molecular brushes self-assemble into micelles. Molecular brushes with an extended backbone show higher activity and selectivity, suggesting better core–shell segregation of the micelles and exclusion of water from the catalytic site. Catalytic efficiencies are not improved above the cloud point temperature, and the catalytic behavior is rather sensitive to conformational changes of the polymer chains.
Stochastic Equilibria: Noise in Actions or Beliefs?

Quantal response equilibrium (QRE) of McKelvey and Palfrey (1995) relaxes the rationality requirement of Nash equilibrium by allowing for probabilistic mistakes or “noise in actions” while maintaining that beliefs are correct. QRE is well-studied, and much is known about the falsifiable restrictions imposed by different variants of the model. By contrast, little is understood of the empirical content of equilibrium models which relax the other condition of Nash equilibrium by allowing for “noise in beliefs” while maintaining best response. To fill this gap, we introduce noisy belief equilibrium (NBE) for normal form games in which axioms restrict belief distributions to be unbiased with respect to and responsive to changes in the opponents’ behavior. The axioms impose testable restrictions both within and across games, and we compare these restrictions to those of regular QRE (Goeree et al. 2005) in which axioms are placed on the quantal response function as the primitive. We show that NBE generates similar predictions as QRE such as the “own payoff effect”, and yet is more consistent with the empirically documented effects of changes in payoff magnitude. Unlike QRE, NBE is a refinement of rationalizability and invariant to affine transformations of payoffs.
An Easily Prepared Monomeric Cobalt(II) Tetrapyrrole Complex that Efficiently Promotes the 4e–/4H+ Peractivation of O2 to Water

The selective 4e–/4H+ reduction of dioxygen to water is an important reaction that takes place at the cathode of fuel cells. Monomeric aromatic tetrapyrroles (such as porphyrins, phthalocyanines, and corroles) coordinated to Co(II) have been considered as oxygen reduction catalysts due to their low cost and relative ease of synthesis. How- ever, these systems have been repeatedly shown to be selective for O2 reduction by the less desired 2e –/2H+ pathway to yield hydrogen peroxide. Herein, we report the initial synthesis and study of a Co(II) tetrapyrrole complex based upon a non-aromatic isocorrole scaffold that is competent for 4e–/4H+ ORR. This Co(II) 10,10-dimethyl isocorrole (Co[10- DMIC]) is obtained in a just four simple steps and excellent yield from a known dipyrromethane synthon. Evaluation of the steady state spectroscopic and redox properties of Co[10-DMIC] against those of Co(II) porphyrin ([Co(TPFPP)]) and corrole ([Co(TPFPC)(PPh3)]) homologs demonstrated that the light harvesting and electrochemical properties of the isocorrole are distinct from those displayed by more traditional aromatic tetrapyrroles. Further, investigation of the ORR activity of Co[10-DMIC] using a combination of electrochemical and chemical reduction studies revealed that this simple, unadorned monomeric Co(II) tetrapyrrole is ~85% selective for the 4e–/4H+ reduction of O2 to H2O over the more kinetically facile 2e–/2H+ process that delivers H2O2. By contrast, the same ORR evaluations conducted for the Co(II) porphyrin and corrole homologs demonstrated that these traditional aromatic systems catalyze the 2e–/2H+ conversion of O2 to H2O2 with near complete selectivity. Despite being a simple, easily prepared, monomeric tetrapyrrole platform, Co[10-DMIC] supports an ORR catalysis that has historically only been achieved using elaborate porphyrinoid-based architectures that incorporate pendant proton-transfer groups, ditopic molecular clefts, or which impose cofacially ori- ented O2 binding sites. Accordingly, Co[10-DMIC] represents the first simple, unadorned, monomeric metalloisocorrole complex that can be easily prepared and which shows a privileged performance for the 4e–/4H+ peractivation of O2 to water as compared to other simple Co(II) tetrapyrroles.
Imperfectly perfect: Examining psychosocial safety climate's influence on the physical and psychological impact of perfectionism in the practice of law

Existing evidence suggests that perfectionism is related to depressive symptoms, burnout, and clinical disorders and that socially prescribed, rather than self-oriented, perfectionism is the most maladaptive. Thus, social expectations of perfection can have detrimental effects on workers that may result in negative organizational outcomes. Using a sample of 176 Arizona attorneys, this two-wave longitudinal study examined whether psychosocial safety climate (PSC) may reduce perfectionist ideals and, in turn, improve employee well-being. Expectedly, PSC negatively influenced physical and psychological distress 2 months later directly and indirectly via socially prescribed perfectionism, suggesting that the beneficial impacts of positive PSCs may manifest over a relatively short period of time. Contrarily, self-oriented perfectionism was not related to PSC, suggesting a demand-resource mismatch, and positively related to physical symptoms only. These results suggest a more complex relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and employee well-being, perhaps depending on other variables.
Changed Landscape, Unchanged Norms: Work-Family Conflict and the Persistence of the Academic Mother Ideal.

Extensive research suggests that ideal worker and mothering expectations have long constrained academic mothers' personal and professional choices. This article explores how academic mothers experienced their dual roles amid the unprecedented shift in the work-life landscape due to COVID-19. Content analysis of questionnaire data (n = 141) suggests that academic mothers experienced significant bidirectional work-life conflict well into the fall of 2020. Increased home demands, such as caring for young children and remote schooling, interfered with their perceived capacity to meet ideal academic norms, including a singular focus on work, productivity standards, and their ability to signal job competency and commitment. Likewise, work demands reduced their perceived ability to meet ideal mothering norms, such as providing a nurturing presence and focusing on their children's achievement. Academic fathers experienced increased demands on their time but primarily described intra-role conflict within the work domain. Despite a pandemic landscape, ideal academic and mothering norms remained persistent and unchanged. The article concludes with implications for policy and practice in higher education.
Indian Blues: American Indians and the Politics of Music, 1879–1934

Reviewed Medium: book Authors: John W. Troutman Year: 2009 Pages: 320 Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press ISBN: 978-0-8061-4019-3 (hard cover). Prices: $34.95 USD(hard cover).
Mechanically Induced Path Deviations in an Industrial Parallelogram Robot

The influence of the mechanical structure of an industrial parallelogram robot (the GMF S215 robot) on its path accuracy is studied. A computer program has been developed to analyze the dynamic behavior of the manipulator in a vertical plane considering mechanical compliance and damping as well as motor torque limitation. The compliance sources are assumed to be located in three joints in the form of unidirectional translational and rotational springs introducing three additional DOFs; for each of these DOFs, Lagrange equations of motion are derived using MACSYMA and solved using an advanced continuous simulation program (ACSL). Experiments have been performed in order to measure the tip trajectory of the robot as well as displacements of the transmission elements. When the trajectory generation errors were also simulated, an excellent correlation between these tests and the computer simulation results was obtained. This allows to identify the influence of various factors on the overall path inaccuracy.
Deadlock-Free distributed relaxed mutual-exclusion without revoke-messages

The revoke mechanism in generalized relaxed distributed mutual exclusion algorithm GRME [1] for eliminating a potential deadlock can cause extensive unnecessary revoke actions by the nodes which fail to receive the required granted-replies to their resource requests within a certain predefined time limit. It may happen that there is actually no deadlock present or that only a few nodes need to revoke some of their resource requests to eliminate the deadlock. We show that if the interference graph G is triangle-free (no three nodes are mutually adjacent), then we can choose the request-sets Ri in GRME in such a way that deadlocks are prevented altogether and there is no need to use revoke-messages, while keeping the resource-use decisions fully distributed and allowing non-interfering nodes to use the resource simultaneously.
Defending Listeners' Rights: Labour and Media Reform in Postwar America

Abstract: Historians have paid relatively little attention to labour’s involvement in radio reform in the United States. Unions criticized the poor quality of programming and the lack of public service. They were also concerned about corporate control of radio and particularly about labour’s lack of access. After briefly examining organized labour’s initial efforts to reform radio, this paper focuses on the key role unions played in the postwar media reform movement, which advocated a “listeners’ rights” approach to broadcasting. This concept, along with a commitment to localism, diversity, and community involvement, was among the key ideas championed by media reformers in postwar America. Resume : Les historiens ont porte peu d’attention a l’implication de la main-d’œuvre dans la reforme de la radio aux Etats-Unis. Les syndicats a cette epoque critiquaient la mauvaise qualite de la programmation et le manque de service au public. Ils se souciaient du controle que les entreprises exercaient sur la radio, particulierement le manque d’acces a la radio que ce controle leur imposait. Cet article, apres un bref examen des efforts initiaux de la main-d’œuvre pour reformer la radio, se concentre sur le role cle joue par les syndicats dans le mouvement de reforme des medias pendant l’apres-guerre ; ceux-ci pronaient une approche de la radiodiffusion qui privilegiait les « droits des auditeurs ». En plus de ce concept, les notions d’engagement vis-a-vis de la localite, la diversite et la participation de la communaute comptaient parmi les idees cles appuyees par les reformateurs des medias dans l’apres-guerre aux Etats-Unis.
An improved photochemical aporphine synthesis

Abstract An improved non-oxidative photochemical synthesis of aporphine derivatives has been developed, in which o-halobenzylidenetetrahydroisoquinolines are irradiated in the presence of potassium t-butoxide. The yield (72%) of one such product, N-carbethoxynorneolitsine (25) is the highest ever reported for any cyclization producing the aporphine ring system. Compound 25 was converted in two steps to cassameridine (4), confirming the suggested structure of this oxoaporphine. The natural bases dehydrodicentrine (26) and dicentrine (3) were also synthesized using the improved photochemical approach.
Neuroadaptations in adenosine receptor signaling following long-term ethanol exposure and withdrawal.

Ethanol affects the function of neurotransmitter systems, resulting in neuroadaptations that alter neural excitability. Adenosine is one such receptor system that is changed by ethanol exposure. The current review is focused on the A1 and the A2A receptor subtypes in the context of ethanol-related neuroadaptations and ethanol withdrawal because these subtypes (i) are activated by basal levels of adenosine, (ii) have been most well-studied for their role in neuroprotection and ethanol-related phenomena, and (iii) are the primary site of action for caffeine in the brain, a substance commonly ingested with ethanol. It is clear that alterations in adenosinergic signaling mediate many of the effects of acute ethanol administration, particularly with regard to motor function and sedation. Further, prolonged ethanol exposure has been shown to produce adaptations in the cell surface expression or function of both A1 and the A2A receptor subtypes, effects that likely promote neuronal excitability during ethanol withdrawal. As a whole, these findings demonstrate a significant role for ethanol-induced adaptations in adenosine receptor signaling that likely influence neuronal function, viability, and relapse to ethanol intake following abstinence.
MicroRNA-21 Mediates Isoflurane-induced Cardioprotection against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury via Akt/Nitric Oxide Synthase/Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Pathway

Background:The role of microRNA-21 in isoflurane-induced cardioprotection is unknown. The authors addressed this issue by using microRNA-21 knockout mice and explored the underlying mechanisms.Methods:C57BL/6 and microRNA-21 knockout mice were echocardiographically examined. Mouse hearts underwent 3
Chlorobis(ethylene)rhodium(I) Dimer

[12081-16-2] C8H16Cl2Rh2 (MW 388.93) InChI = 1S/4C2H2.2ClH.2Rh/c4*1-2;;;;/h4*1-2H;2*1H;; InChIKey = OYVJBXLXBKTBFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (precatalyst for additions of organometallic reagents to π-bonds, cycloadditions, and cycloisomerizations) Alternate Names: bis(ethylene)rhodium(I) chloride dimer and di-μ-chlorotetraethylene dirhodium(I). Physical Data: decomposes before melting. Solubility: sparingly soluble in ethanol, acetone, dioxane, chloroform, and dichloromethane; insoluble in water. Form Supplied in: red orange powder; commercially available from Strem, TCI, Sigma-Aldrich, and so on. Analysis of Reagent Purity: by IR spectroscopy.1 Preparative Methods: prepared by stirring a solution of RhCl3(3H2O in aqueous methanol under an atmosphere of ethylene at room temperature. The product begins to precipitate after 1 h and the red-orange solid is collected after 7 h by filtration and washed with methanol.1 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: air sensitive; should be stored under an inert atmosphere at −20 °C.
Advances in Radiation Dosimetry

Radiation dosimetry plays a central role in the physics of radiation oncology because potentially lethal amounts of radiation are necessary for the successful eradication of malignant tumors in humans. It has been estimated that an accuracy of ± 5% for dose delivered in the entire irradiated volume is necessary. Some of the steps in the radiation therapy procedure that influence the accuracy of dose delivered to tumor and healthy tissues are: (a) diagnosis, staging, localization of tumor volume, dose prescription, and fractionation schedule; (b) calculation of dose distributions resulting from an optimum geometric arrangement of radiation beams; (c) simulation and execution of the treatment plan; and (d) recording and verification of dose delivered. In this long chain of events, the dosimetry calibration of radiation fields used under reference conditions is the starting point for the accurate delivery of prescribed dose.
Regulation of the mouse desmin gene: transactivation by MyoD, myogenin, MRF4 and Myf5

Abstract Desmin, the muscle specific intermediate filament (IF) protein, is expressed at low levels in myoblasts and at the onset of differentiation its expression increases several fold. In an effort to explore the mechanism involved in the tissue-specific and developmentally regulated expression of desmin, we have isolated the mouse desmin gene. Sequence analysis of 976 bp 5' flanking region revealed several potential cis-acting elements: 1) Three E boxes (MyoD binding sites), namely, E1, E2 and E3, located at -79, -832 and -936, respectively; 2) one MEF2 binding site at -864; 3) a region with homology to M-CAT motif at -587; 4) several GC boxes. Transient transfections with various 5' flank deletion mutants into C2C12 muscle cells have revealed both positive and negative elements that seem to be involved in the expression of desmin. The first 81 bp upstream of the transcription initiation site, including E1 box, were sufficient to confer muscle specific expression of the desmin gene. The maximal level of expression was achieved by the construct containing up to -897 base pairs. The region between -578 to -976 behaves as a classical enhancer in the absence of which the region between -578 and -81 suppresses CAT activity. Gel electrophoretic mobility shift assays using both C2C12 muscle cell nuclear extracts as well as in vitro translated myoD/E12 and myogenin/E12 heterodimers, showed that both myoD and myogenin bind to the proximal E1 and the distal E2 boxes of the desmin promoter and enhancer respectively. Co-transfection of myoD, myogenin, MRF4 and Myf5, with the desmin-CAT construct into 10T-1/2 cells demonstrated that all these factors could transactivate desmin gene expression.
The 1985 journal literature on the personality disorders

Abstract A collection of all journal articles published in 1985 on the topic of the personality disorders was formed. The literature was analyzed in terms of its growth since 1975, the journals containing these articles, the authors publishing the articles, and the content of the articles. In terms of growth, the literature on the personality disorders appears to be doubling once every 7 years, a relatively rapid rate of growth for a scientific literature. Journals from psychiatry dominate the 1985 literature. In 1975, the antisocial personality was the dominant focus of the personality disorder literature; in 1985, the borderline personality disorder had become the major disorder of interest.
Characterization of Viscous and Excluded Volume effects on the Folding Kinetics of the Tetraloop-Receptor Motif: Single Molecule Tests of Kramer's Theory

It is widely known that there exists a strong relationship between the solvent, including co-solutes (e.g. cations, proteins, nucleic acids), and RNA that cooperatively defines the kinetics of tertiary structure formation. Viscosity, a solvent property that is coupled to dynamics, is critical in RNA folding due to the propensity for populating kinetically trapped species on a rough free energy landscape. Also of importance is the role of macromolecular co-solutes that limit the volume available for molecules to sample (excluded volume effects). The effects of these properties are highlighted by observed in vivo diffusion coefficients that are 4-200x smaller than in aqueous solvents. In this work, Kramers' rate theory is used to describe the viscosity dependence of tetraloop-receptor docking kinetics at the single molecule level. Both rate constants, kfold and kunfold, decrease with increasing viscosity (increasing glycerol %), trends that are predicted by Kramers' theory in the over-damped limit. However, the same measurements made in high molecular weight PEG solutions showed folding rate constants are accelerated by 1-2 orders of magnitude. Scaled particle theory, describing a hard spheres PEG-RNA interaction, quantitatively predicts the stabilizing effect of excluded volume. Temperature dependent measurements show that the thermodynamics of docking are not perturbed (ΔH°= −23(2) kcal/mol and ΔS°= −76(6) cal/mol∗K) even in up to 50% glycerol (∼6 cP) and that solvent activation accounts for 4-6 kcal/mol of the folding enthalpy. In PEG solutions thermodynamics reveal that the folding is stabilized by a reduction in the entropy of the unfolded RNA ensemble (ΔΔS°>0). Thus, these studies validate physical models describing characteristic kinetic and thermodynamic trends for intramolecular structure formation attributed to viscosity and excluded volume.
Functional test pattern generation for maximizing temperature in 3D IC chip stack

In a stacked 3D Integrated Circuit (IC), the total power dissipated per unit surface area typically exceeds that of 2D ICs. This results in creation of a greater number of localized thermal hotspots in individual dies of the 3D IC. The location and temperature of these hotspots depend on the actual workload executing on a 3D IC. Since the power dissipation pattern from the applied workload may vary over time, the location and intensity of thermal hotspots may vary with it. The applied workload may be construed as consisting of phases, where the spatial power dissipation pattern remains constant over a phase and changes only from one phase to another. In this paper (i) we develop a thermal modeling scheme that predicts temperature profile at the end of a program phase, and use (ii) a novel Integer Linear Programming (ILP) formulation to arrange program phases to create worst case temperature at a target location. Experimental results show that, by taking the spatio-temporal effect into account, we can raise temperature of a hotspot much higher than what is possible from purely functional trace. Hotspot temperature maximization is important in design verification and testing.
Pharmacy, social media, and health: Opportunity for impact

Abstract Objectives To discuss opportunities and challenges for pharmacists' use of social media to affect health care. Data sources Not applicable. Summary Evolutions in social media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, YouTube) are beginning to alter the way society communicates. These new applications promote openness, user-generated content, social networking, and collaboration. The technologies, along with patient behaviors and desires, are stimulating a move toward more open and transparent access to health information. Although social media applications can reach large audiences, they offer message-tailoring capabilities that can effectively target specific populations. Another powerful aspect of social media is that they facilitate the organization of people and distribution of content—two necessary components of public health services. Although implementing health interventions via social media poses challenges, several examples exist that display the potential for pharmacists to use social media in health initiatives. Conclusion Pharmacists have long played a role in educating patients on matters influencing health care. Social media offer several unique features that may be used to advance the role of pharmacy in health care initiatives. Public familiarity with social media, the economical nature of using social media, and the ability to disseminate information rapidly through social media make these new applications ideal for pharmacists wanting to provide innovative health care on both an individual and public level.
Optimizing chaos-based signals for complex radar targets

There has been interest in the use of chaotic signals for radar, but most researchers consider only a few chaotic systems and how these signals perform for the detection of point targets. The range of possible chaotic signals is far greater than what most of these researchers consider, so to demonstrate this, I use a chaotic map whose parameters may be adjusted by a numerical optimization routine, producing different chaotic signals that are modulated onto a carrier and optimized for different situations. It is also suggested that any advantage for these chaos-based signals may come in the detection of complex targets, not point targets, and I compare the performance of chaos-based signals to a standard radar signal, the linear frequency modulated chirp. I find that I can optimize a chaos-based signal to increase the cross-correlation with the reflection from one complex target compared to the cross-correlation with the reflection from a different target, thus allowing the identification of a complex target. I am also able to increase the cross-correlation of the reflection from a complex target compared with the cross-correlation with the reflection from spatially extended clutter. I show that a larger output signal-to-noise ratio is possible if I cross-correlate with a reference signal that is different from the transmitted signal, and I justify my results by showing how the ambiguity diagram for a chaos-based signal can be different than the ambiguity diagram for a noise signal.
A Benefits Study of Ergonomically Designed Chairs with Direct Labour Employees

Focuses on measuring changes in productivity related to ergonomic improvements. Although most ergonomic studies focus on health benefits, describes a project which used a “real‐time shopfloor control system” to collect objective data to determine what effect, if any, the use of ergonomically designed chairs have on the productivity of apparel‐manufacturing employees. Subjective (interview) and objective data were collected in two apparel plants over a period of several months. Both “before” and “after” data were analysed to discover if fatigue or other factors related to productivity were changed.
Abstract 3958: IL-6 stimulates cell motility in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) cells through CK2 phosphorylation and stabilization of TWIST

Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) is the tenth most common cancer in the world. Unfortunately, the survival of patients with SCCHN has not improved in the last 40 years. Therefore new targets for therapy are needed, and to this end we are studying signaling pathways activated by IL-6 which we have found stimulates cell migration and soft agar growth in SCCHN. Our data show that IL-6 increases TWIST expression in a transcription-independent mechanism in many SCCHN cell lines. Further investigation reveals TWIST can be phosphorylated upon IL-6 treatment. By computation prediction (http://hits.isb-sib.ch/cgi-bin/PFSCAN), we found that TWIST has a putative phosphorylation site for casein kinase 2 (CK2) suggesting that this kinase could serve as a link between IL-6 stimulation and Twist stability. To test this hypothesis, we used a CK2 inhibitor and shRNA to CK2 and found that these interventions inhibited IL-6 stimulation of TWIST stability. In addtion, mutation of the putative CK2 phosphorylation site (S18/S20) in TWIST decreased the amount of phospho- ATP incorporated by TWIST in an in vitro kinase assay and altered TWIST stability. In soft agar colony forming assays, the CK2 inhibitor, DMAT, was found to decrease the number of IL-6 stimulated colonies formed by SCCHN cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report to identify the importance of IL-6 stimulated CK2 phosphorylation of TWIST in SCCHN and supports the previous findings from other researchers. As CK2 inhibitors are currently under phase I clinical trials, our findings indicate that CK2 may be a viable therapeutic target in SCCHN. Therefore, further pre-clinical studies of this inhibitor are underway. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3958.
Comparison of Learning Styles between Physical Education and Dance Majors

Learning styles of dance and physical education majors were described and compared. Subjects were 167 declared majors in 1982 from 9 universities (87 PE, 80 dance; 44 males, 115 females). Kolb's Learning Style Inventory which measures abstractness or concreteness and activity or reflectivity was given. By t test (.05) no significant differences in preferred learning style were found between majors or genders.
Parametrices for a class of schrodinger equations

The article describes the construction of a parametrix, global in space, in the initial value problem for the Schrodinger equation i∂u/∂t = δu - Q(x)u - V(x)u, with Q a real quadratic form and V a real potential in . The hypothesis on V is that ∣V(x)∣ ≤ const. ∣x∣, and ∣V(α)(x)∣ ≤ const. ∣x∣1-∣α∣(as ∣x∣ + ∞). By conjugating the equation with the unitary group exp(itH)(H = -δ + Q(x)) the problem is reduced to a hyperbolic pseudodifferential operator to which a global version of the geometric optics method applies. The symbolic calculus used by the construction is based on weights that reflect the role of the propagation set.
Characteristics of multiple-fan ventilation networks

The definitions of system pressure loss (mine head) and system resistance, which are traditionally associated with single-fan networks, are applied to multiple-fan ventilation networks. The system characteristics, relations among air power, pressure loss, air quantity and resistance, are analysed by introducing the concept of subsystems. These subsystems are associated with the fans located in a cutset of the network. For a multiple-fan network, the resistances for the subsystems and total system are dependent on the quantity ratios of the subsystems. In general the pressure loss of a subsystem or a total system does not vary as the square of the corresponding air quantity. If the quantity ratios of subsystems are all held constant, then the resistances become constant and the pressure losses are predictable from the quantities employing the ‘square law’. The system resistance has a minimum value under the natural-splitting flow pattern. Being independent of the value of system quantity, the minimum system resistance provides a basis for comparing the different networks.
Genetic markers for study of the anopheline vectors of human malaria

Human malaria is truly a disease of global proportions and is one of the most broadly distributed vector-borne infections. Anopheline mosquitoes are the exclusive vectors of human malaria. A handful of species predominate as the most notorious malaria vectors, but the species and forms involved in the transmission of human malaria world-wide are incredibly diverse. Many of the anophelines that vector malaria exist as members of species complexes that often contain vector and non-vector species. Additionally, single anopheline species often exhibit significant heterogeneity across the species' range. This phenotypic and genotypic plasticity exacerbates the difficulties in identification of vector populations and implementation of effective surveillance and control strategies. Polytene chromosome investigations were among the first to provide researchers with tangible genetic markers that could be used to differentiate between what are now recognised as species and chromosomal forms of anopheline mosquitoes. The advent of the polymerase chain reaction gave access to the molecular genetics of genomes and the techniques that followed have facilitated investigation of the genetics of individual specimens or population size samples. The variety and number of genetic markers available for the study of malaria vectors has literally exploded in the last 10 years. Markers have expanded from the 'traditional tools' to include a vast array of molecular markers. Contemporary markers range from what are now referred to as 'classical genetic markers' to methods used to detect and identify single nucleotide polymorphisms and finally to highly polymorphic markers. One of the greatest advantages of this wide variety of genetic markers is that researchers may choose to utilise any combination of markers or techniques to address multifaceted questions relating to malaria transmission. These molecular markers have proven useful in a wide variety of applications including molecular taxonomy, evolutionary systematics, population genetics, genetic mapping, and investigation of defined phenotypes.
Screening Practices for Adolescent Dating Violence

This study sought to determine the screening practices of child and adolescent psychiatrists regarding adolescent dating violence (DV). A questionnaire regarding screening practices for DV and other risk behaviors was administered to 817 child and adolescent psychiatrists via the Internet and mail. Twenty-one percent of clinicians screened for DV “more than 90% of the time,” and 65% had identified it in the past year. Multiple logistic regression analyses found that screening for DV was associated with consistent screening for either substance use or interparental violence (OR = 3.0 and 6.3, respectively). Despite the prevalence of DV, only a minority of psychiatrists screen their adolescent patients for this type of risk. These data suggest that screening for DV is associated with consistent screening practices for other risk behaviors. Screening rates may be improved with training and adherence to specific protocols.
Critical factors to consider in the development of an audit client engagement decision expert support system: a Delphi study of Big Six practicing auditors

The litigious audit environment is driving accounting firms to change their audit client engagement strategies in order to remain viable and successful in a very competitive environment. Firms are realizing the need to make better, more informed decisions regarding client acceptance/continuance decisions. Expert Support Systems are suggested as a useful tool for reengineering the audit client engagement decision. Towards this goal, this study uses the Delphi method with a panel of experts from the Big Six accounting firms to determine critical factors which may cause a firm to reject potential clients. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nature of vortex lattice disordering at the onset of the peak effect

We report a transport study of the onset of the peak effect in a $2H\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{NbSe}}_{2}$ single crystal with very weak pinning. At low driving current, we find that at the onset of the peak effect, where the resistance starts to dip with increasing field, the resistance is hysteretic upon field cycling. The resistance is higher for upward field sweeps than for downward sweeps. The difference between the two has a double-peak feature, indicative of two-stage disordering of a vortex lattice. The resistance hysteresis and the two-stage feature disappear after cold-working the sample. The onset field of the peak effect is found to depend on driving current nonmonotonically, suggesting reentrant driven disorder-order and order-disorder transitions in the peak-effect regime.
Renovated, repurposed, and still "one sweet library": a case study on loss of space from the Health Sciences and Human Services Library, University of Maryland, Baltimore.

Setting: The Health Sciences and Human Services Library (HS/HSL), University of Maryland, Baltimore (UMB), is located in an urban environment on the west side of downtown Baltimore. Founded in 1813, the library opened its current building in 1998 and is one of the largest health sciences libraries in the United States, with 6 floors and over 180,000 gross square and 118,000 net assignable square feet (NASF).
Trypsin inhibits the action of tetrodotoxin on neurones

EVIDENCE suggests that the molecules responsible for membrane excitability are proteins1–4, but they have not been isolated in spite of considerable efforts and their identities remain unknown. Some clues have come from study of the effects of enzymes and group-specific chemicals on appropriate electrophysiological properties of the membrane1–4. In certain nerve and muscle cells the voltage-dependent inward currents which generate action potentials may be carried by Na+ or Ca2+ (refs 5–13). Tetrodotoxin (TTX) specifically blocks the voltage-dependent inward Na+ current in many of these cells14, including neurones of Aplysia10 and Helix11 and is widely used for this reason. It also has the advantage of being a relatively simple molecule of known atomic structure14. But TTX has no effect on Helix neurones when they are isolated from the ganglia in which they are located13. The ganglia are first pretreated with trypsin and we wondered whether the lack of TTX-sensitivity in these preparations was due to some action of this enzyme on the TTX receptor. We have now found that exogenous trypsin modifies the TTX-binding properties of the Na channel without affecting its reversal potential or selectivity against Tris+ and has no measurable effect on the Ca2+ channel. Because trypsin splits polypeptide chains on the carboxyl side of arginine or lysine residues15, it seems likely that the TTX receptor contains either or both of these amino acids but that the selectivity site does not.
Assaying neurotransmitters in and around single neurons with information-rich detectors

Techniques to study the chemical environment in and around individual neurons are reviewed, with an emphasis on methods to assay single cells for neurotransmitters and neuromodulators that do not require analyte preselection. Current capabilities of capillary-based microseparations and mass spectrometry are highlighted for this application. Methods to combine multiple analytical techniques to provide chemical, spatial and temporal information are described.
Magnetron sputter-deposited multilayer (BaxSr1x)Ti1+yO3+z thin films for passive and active devices

Abstract High permittivity (BaxSr1−x)Ti1+yO3+z(BST) thin films are being investigated for integration into charge storage dielectrics and electric-field tunable elements for high frequency devices. For the latter application, it is desirable to have BST capacitors with high tunability and low losses. Therefore, we investigated the use of multilayer BST thin films consisting of very low dielectric loss BST/electrode interfacial layers ((Ba+Sr)/Ti = 0.73) sandwiching a high tunability, high permittivity primary BST layer ((Ba+Sr)/Ti = 0.9). BST capacitors with multiple layers of controlled composition can be effectively produced insitu by magnetron sputter deposition, using a single stoichiometric target and controlling the layer composition by changing the total process gas (Ar+O 2.8 MV/cm).
Simulation of weld pool flow and capillary interface shapes associated with the plasma arc welding process

Abstract A three-dimensional finite element model of the plasma arc welding process is presented. The model allows calculation of the weld pool's approximate capillary and solid-liquid phase boundaries, the weld pool's three-dimensional flow and temperature fields, and the solid phase temperature distribution. Taking into account thermocapillary, jet shear, and buoyancy forces within the pool, it is found that under moderate Reynolds number conditions pool flow is driven primarily by thermocapillary and jet shear forces.
Enzyme-catalyzed synthesis of citric acid using acetyl-coenzyme a recycling in a two-phase system

Abstract This paper reports the first demonstration of a two-phase aqueous-organic system combining enzymatic catalysts and phase transfer catalysis. Various phase transfer catalysts were employed to catalyze the acylation of coenzyme A (CoA) with acetic anhydride. The acetyl-CoA was utilized by citrate synthase to form 964 eq of citric acid for each coenzyme A equivalent added to the reaction. This method offers the potential for preparing many different acyl-CoA derivatives of potential use as substrates for enzyme-catalyzed synthesis. The method opens up the possibility for synthesizing derivatives of natural products from simple acid anhydrides.
Viscoelastic properties of human dentin

Stress relaxation measurements were performed on thick-walled cylinders of radicular human dentin. The experimentally measured relaxation moduli were used to obtain an approximation to the logarithmic distribution functions of relaxation times. This distribution function was used to predict the behavior of other viscoelastic properties. In particular, the prediction of the strain and strain rate dependence of the modulus was determined and compared with experimental results.
Electrical Aspects of Adsorbing Colloid Flotation. VI. Electrical Repulsion between Floc Particles

Abstract Adsorption isotherms are calculated for precipitate and floc foam flotation within the framework of a Gouy-Chapman model which includes both the electrical attractions of the floc particles to the surface and their electrical repulsions for each other. The canonical ensemble is used, and algebraic expressions are found for approximating the sum of products of cluster integrals. Algebraic expressions for the surface excess of adsorbed floc are obtained which involve three reasonably simple integrals. The dependence of the adsorption isotherms on temperature, ionic strength, surface potentials of the floc and the air-water interface, ionic charge, and floc particle size is investigated.
The Symbiotic Survival Pattern: A Relational Theory of Schizophrenia

A theoretical formulation regarding schizophrenia and family functioning is presented that attempts to integrate individual and systems approaches. Despite these approaches dealing with phenomena at different levels, they interact, modify, and determine each other. A review of the literature in both psychoanalytic and family theory served as background and foundation. The symbiotic survival pattern found in families with a schizophrenic member is a mutually controlling system of interaction in which each individual feels responsible for the self-esteem and survival of the other. This involves at least three people, two of whom are expected to act out introjected images for the third. A paradigm of intrapsychic introjects, as well as an illustrative method of describing their use in family transactions, is developed.
Gravitational effects on the structure and propagation of premixed flames

Abstract The influence of gravity on the propagation velocity and shape of premixed laminar flames is studied experimentally over the entire flammability range of methane-air mixtures. In the experiments reported here a vertical tube 10 cm dia, closed on both ends and open in the middle is filled with reactants and ignited in its central plane so that flames propagate in both the upward and downward directions. Additional experiments are made in a vertical tube 5 cm dia with flames propagating from an open towards a closed end. Steady flame propagation is achieved over the entire range of equivalence ratios by locating a series of holes along the length of the tubes covered with a thin film which is vaporized by the passage of the flame. Measurements in the larger tube indicate that gravity affects both rich and lean laminar flames in that upward propagating flames are faster than downward. The shape of the flames is complex with the former roughly hemispherical, the latter flat but with a cellular structure. In near stoichiometric mixtures the flames are oscillatory, are unaffected by gravity and correspond to weakly turbulent flames. The results in the smaller tube indicate that upward moving flames propagate faster than downward moving flames over the entire range of equivalence ratios studied and that the flame shape is always hemispherical. The preliminary results for turbulent premixed flames propagating upward and downward are discussed.
Biochemical dynamics relevant to the safety of low-dose, intraclot alteplase for deep vein thrombosis.

Intraclot tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) has been shown to be an effective treatment for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (Radiology 2008;246:619 and J Vasc Interv Radiol 2011;22:1107). We sought to correlate pharmacokinetics of tPA, fibrinogen, fibrinolytic inhibitors, and D-dimers with the safety and efficacy of intraclot tPA. Thirty subjects received intraclot tPA for lower extremity DVT by infiltrating the thrombus with ≤10 mg doses tPA in an open-label study, using a pulse-spray catheter. We measured various parameters over 8 h following a first dose of tPA. Mean tPA levels of 75 units per mL (95% confidence interval 19–131 units/mL) were seen immediately after administration of a mean tPA dose of 8.0 mg (SD 1.5 mg). tPA levels returned to baseline within 2 h of completion of treatment. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) was consumed following tPA treatment, but rose to levels significantly greater than baseline ( P 125 mg/dL for all subjects. α2-antiplasmin decreased from a mean of 115 units/mL to 56 units/mL after tPA administration ( P P 20 μg/mL in all but 4 subjects, one of whom was the only one to fail to achieve clot lysis. The safety of low-dose, intraclot tPA is due to its short persistence in the circulation, lack of hypofibrinogenemia, and a reflexive rise of PAI-1. Subjects whose D-dimers remain
Comparative Determination of Carbon, Nitrogen and Hydrogen in Environmental Standard Reference Materials by Instrumental Combustion Analysis and Thermal Neutron Capture Gamma-Ray Spectrometry

Abstract Twelve reference materials have been analyzed by both procedures for carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen concentrations. Both methods are shown to be accurate with time and cost advantages favoring combustion analysis.