cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Genome Scan for Quantitative Trait Loci Linked to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol The NHLBI Family Heart Study

We conducted a genome-wide linkage scan for quantitative trait loci influencing total HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration in a sample of 1027 whites from 101 families participating in the NHLBI Family Heart Study. To maximize the relative contribution of genetic components of variance to the total variance of HDL-C, the HDL-C phenotype was adjusted for age, age2, body mass index, and Family Heart Study field center, and standardized HDL-C residuals were created separately for men and women. All analyses were completed by the variance components method, as implemented in the program GENEHUNTER using 383 anonymous markers typed at the NHLBI Mammalian Genotyping Service in Marshfield, Wis. Evidence for linkage of residual HDL-C was detected near marker D5S1470 at location 39.9 cM from the p-terminal of chromosome 5 (LOD=3.64). Suggestive linkage was detected near marker D13S1493 at location 27.5 cM on chromosome 13 (LOD=2.36). We conclude that at least 1 genomic region is likely to harbor a gene that influences interindividual variation in HDL cholesterol.
Impact of the ALMS and MAINTAIN trials on the management of lupus nephritis

Current treatment of lupus nephritis consists of both induction and maintenance therapy, with the latter being designed to consolidate remissions and prevent relapses. Long-term maintenance treatment with intravenous cyclophosphamide was effective but associated with considerable toxicity. A small but well-designed controlled trial found that for post-induction maintenance therapy, both oral mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and oral azathioprine were superior in efficacy and had reduced toxicity than a regimen of continued every third month intravenous cyclophosphamide. Although these oral agents were rapidly accepted and utilized as maintenance medications, their usage was based on scant evidence and there were no comparisons between the two. Recently, two relatively large, randomized, well-controlled, multicenter trials dealing with maintenance therapy for severe lupus nephritis have been completed. The Aspreva Lupus Management Study (ALMS) maintenance and MAINTAIN nephritis trials provide important information regarding the comparative efficacy and safety of MMF and azathioprine as maintenance therapies, as well as information on the effect of dosage and duration of treatment with these agents.
Reflowing digital ink annotations

Annotating paper documents with a pen is a familiar and indispensable activity across a wide variety of work and educational settings. Recent developments in pen-based computing promise to bring this experience to digital documents. However, digital documents are more flexible than their paper counterparts. When a digital document is edited, or displayed on different devices, its layout adapts to the new situation. Freeform digital ink annotations made on such a document must likewise adapt, or "reflow." But their unconstrained nature yields only vague guidelines for how these annotations should be transformed. Few systems have considered this issue, and still fewer have addressed it from a user's point of view. This paper reports the results of a study of user expectations for reflowing digital ink annotations. We explore user reaction to reflow in common cases, how sensitive users are to reflow errors, and how important it is that personal style survive reflow. Our findings can help designers and system builders support freeform annotation more effectively.
Body-build stereotypes: a cross cultural comparison.

The body-build stereotypes of 185 Mexican children (150 males, 35 females, Mage = 12.6 yr., SDage = 2.1 yr.) were assessed through the use of a 56-item Verbal Check List containing words or phrases pertaining to physical, social, and personal dimensions of psychosocial experience. Similar to American samples, significant proportions of the Mexican children made negative Endomorph and Ectomorph attributions, and positive Mesomorph attributions. Despite these general similarities, some evidence was found which indicated that these evaluative distinctions were less marked in the Mexican sample. The need for future research on body-build stereotypes is noted and suggestions for such research are made.
Evaluation of aerosol distributions in the GISS-TOMAS global aerosol microphysics model with remote sensing observations

Abstract. The Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and Angstrom Coefficient (AC) predictions in the GISS-TOMAS model of global aerosol microphysics are evaluated against remote sensing data from MODIS, MISR, and AERONET. The model AOD agrees well (within a factor of two) over polluted continental (or high sulfate), dusty, and moderate sea-salt regions but less well over the equatorial, high sea-salt, and biomass burning regions. Underprediction of sea-salt in the equatorial region is likely due to GCM meteorology (low wind speeds and high precipitation). For the Southern Ocean, overprediction of AOD is very likely due to high sea-salt emissions and perhaps aerosol water uptake in the model. However, uncertainties in cloud screening at high latitudes make it difficult to evaluate the model AOD there with the satellite-based AOD. AOD in biomass burning regions is underpredicted, a tendency found in other global models but more severely here. Using measurements from the LBA-SMOCC 2002 campaign, the surface-level OC concentration in the model are found to be underpredicted severely during the dry season while much less severely for EC concentration, suggesting the low AOD in the model is due to underpredictions in OM mass. The potential for errors in emissions and wet deposition to contribute to this bias is discussed.
Concurrence of aldosterone, androgen, and cortisol secretion in adrenal venous effluents.

Adrenal effluent concentrations of aldosterone were measured along with testosterone, androstenedione, and cortisol in 17 women with idiopathic hirsutism. In the basal state, aldosterone secretion (higher concentrations vs peripheral blood) was demonstrated in 14 out of 16 of the women, in contrast to 8 out of 16 who demonstrated cortisol gradients. Nine women received 0.25 mgm β1–24 ACTH im and serial adrenal venous blood samples were obtained over the next 30 minutes. Parallel 30–40-fold increments were noted in aldosterone, androstenedione, and cortisol; testosterone increased only 8-fold. These marked changes in adrenal effluents were not observed in simultaneously monitored peripheral blood. Minimal changes in these steroid concentrations were noted in adrenal and peripheral blood in 7 women who received 2,000 IU hCG. One woman received a pressor dose of angiotensin II, resulting in a marked increase in adrenal vein aldosterone and a simultaneous decrease in cortisol. Since adrenal androgen secretion...
Extracting meaningful information from video sequences for intelligent searches.

Video and image data are knowledge-rich sources of information, but their utility for current and future systems is limited without autonomous methods for understanding and characterizing their content. Semantic-based video understanding may benefit systems dedicated to the detection of insiders, alarm patterns, unauthorized activities in material monitoring applications, etc. A direct benefit of this technology is not only intelligent alarm analysis, but the ability to browse and perform query-based searches for useful and interesting information after video data has been acquired and stored. These searches can provide a tremendous benefit for use in intelligence agency, government, military, and DOE site investigations. This report provides an initial investigation into the algorithms and methods needed to characterize and understand video content. Such algorithms include background modeling, detecting dynamic image regions, grouping dynamic pixels into coherent objects, and robust tracking strategies. With solid approaches for addressing these problems, analysis can be performed seeking to recognize distinctive objects and their motions leading to semantic-based video searches.
A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters

WikiGenes is the first wiki system to combine the collaborative and largely altruistic possibilities of wikis with explicit authorship. In view of the extraordinary success of Wikipedia there remains no doubt about the potential of collaborative publishing, yet its adoption in science has been limited. Here I discuss a dynamic collaborative knowledge base for the life sciences that provides authors with due credit and that can evolve via continual revision and traditional peer review into a rigorous scientific tool.
Monitoring environmental boundaries with a robotic sensor network

In this paper we propose and analyze an algorithm to monitor an environmental boundary with mobile sensors. The objective is to optimally approximate the boundary with a polygon. The mobile sensors rely only on sensed local information to position some interpolation points and define an approximating polygon. We design an algorithm that distributes the vertices of the approximating polygon uniformly along the boundary. The notion of uniform placement relies on a metric inspired by known results on approximation of convex bodies. The algorithm is provably convergent for static boundaries and also for slowly-moving boundaries because of certain input-to-state stability properties.
Tektites and terrestrial meteorite craters: possible associations.

Abstract There is a virtual consensus that tektites are derived from the terrestrial impact of large meteorites or comet heads. An attempt is made here to associate the known strewnfields with terrestrial impact craters or astroblemes (ancient impact scars).
Revised Method for the Prediction of Lattice Constants in Cubic and Pseudocubic Perovskites

The correlation between ionic radii and the lattice constants of cubic/pseudocubic perovskites is re-examined and a new empirical formula for the relationship is derived. The average absolute error in the predicted lattice constants of perovskites thus derived is expected to be about 0.60%. Discrepancies between measured lattice constants and those calculated from idealized structural models are shown to be due to stretching or compression of bond lengths and are strongly correlated to both tolerance factor and cation bond valence sums. The formula derived may be useful in the engineering of substrates or buffer layers for heteroepitaxial films, in which a lattice match is essential.
Murine strain differences in hemostasis and thrombosis and tissue factor pathway inhibitor.

Introduction Differences among murine strains often lead to differential responses in models of human disease. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether differences exist among strains in models of hemostasis and thrombosis and whether these differences are reflected in differences in the tissue factor (TF) pathway.
Increasing conspecific density weakens the ability of intermediate predators to develop induced morphological defences to top predators

SUMMARY 1. Intraguild predation is common in nature, but it is unclear how species that both compete and eat each other can persist together. One possibility is that intermediate predators possess inducible morphological defences that protect them from top predators while not compromising their ability to compete with top predators. 2. The ability of intermediate predators to develop morphological defences may be compromised in environments with a high density of conspecifics because of reduced resource availability and predation risk due to the saturating functional response of top predators. Furthermore, since morphological defences take time to develop, the type and extent of morphological defences may vary during development. 3. We conducted an experiment to measure the phenotypic responses of an intermediate predator (larvae of the salamander Ambystoma opacum) to the presence of a caged top predator (larvae of the dragonfly Anax spp.) throughout ontological development in environments that differed in the density of conspecifics present. We also assessed how intermediate predators, reared in the different environments, differed in their vulnerability to top predators and ability to deplete their food resources. 4. We found that Anax induced morphological defences in A. opacum, but the extent of morphological change declined with the density of conspecifics. Moreover, some morphological traits disappeared, while others appeared just prior to A. opacum metamorphosis. The change in A. opacum phenotype in response to Anax made A. opacum less vulnerable to predation by Anax but had no significant effect on the foraging ability of A. opacum. 5. Our study demonstrates that top predators can induce phenotypes in intermediate predators that reduce their vulnerability to top predators while not compromising their ability to feed on a common prey. An increase in intermediate predator density, however, could diminish the ability of intermediate predators to develop the full suite of morphological defences. The inability to develop the full suite of morphological defences may reduce the probability of persistence with top predators.
Effect of haptic angulation on posterior capsule opacification in modern foldable lenses with a square, truncated optic edge.

Abstract Purpose: To analyze the effect of different haptic angulations on posterior capsule opacification (PCO) in a modern foldable intraocular lens (IOL) with a square-edged optic designed to reduce the incidence of PCO. Setting: Center for Research on Ocular Therapeutics and Biodevices, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA. Methods: Ten Dutch Belted, serum Pasteurella-free pigmented rabbits of the same age and sex had bilateral phacoemulsification with endocapsular IOL implantation. The eyes were implanted with Centerflex® IOLs (Rayner) with haptic angulations of 0 degree (n = 8), 5 degrees (n = 4), 10 degrees (n = 4), or 15 degrees (n = 4). Results: There was no statistical difference in central PCO, peripheral PCO, and measured IOL decentration among the angulation groups. Conclusion: With the Centerflex IOL, haptic angulation did not seem to be a significant factor influencing PCO. It appears that the barrier effect of the IOL’s truncated, square-edged optic overrides the angulation factor in preventing PCO.
Cortical actin filaments form rapidly during photopolarization and are required for the development of calcium gradients in Pelvetia compressa zygotes.

Abstract Previous research has shown that cortical gradients of cytosolic Ca2+ are formed during the photopolarization of Pelvetia compressa zygotes, with elevated Ca2+ on the shaded hemisphere that will become the site of rhizoid germination. We report here that the marine sponge toxin, latrunculin B, which blocks photopolarization at nanomolar concentrations, inhibited the formation of the light-driven Ca2+ gradients. Using low concentrations of microinjected fluorescent phalloidin as a tracer for actin filaments, we found that exposure to light induced a striking increase in actin filaments in the cells as indicated by an increase in fluorescence. The increase was quantified in the cortex, where it was most apparent, and the fluorescence there was found to increase by about a factor of 3. This increase in cortical phalloidin fluorescence was inhibited by latrunculin B at the same concentration required to inhibit Ca2+ gradient formation and photopolarization. The distribution of the increasing phalloidin fluorescence was uniform with respect to the developing rhizoid–thallus axis during the formation of the axis, and no intense patches of fluorescence were observed. After germination, fluorescence suggestive of an apical ring of actin filaments was seen near the rhizoid tip. Finally, inhibitor studies indicated that myosin may be involved in the photopolarization process.
Mammalian Target of Rapamycin and Caspase Inhibitors in Polycystic Kidney Disease

One of the most important abnormalities of the tubular epithelial cells lining the cysts as well as noncystic tubular epithelium is a disturbance in the balance between tubular cell proliferation and apoptosis. Activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway results in increased cell proliferation. Recent studies suggested abnormalities of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in polycystic kidney disease. Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition with sirolimus or everolimus results in attenuation of cyst formation in rat and mouse models of polycystic kidney disease. Apoptosis is a pathologic feature of most models of polycystic kidney disease, including human polycystic kidneys. Caspases, the major mediators of apoptosis, are increased in polycystic kidney disease kidneys. Both in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that caspase or apoptosis inhibition attenuates cyst formation. This review focuses on mammalian target of rapamycin and apoptosis signaling pathways in polycystic kidney disease and the role of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors and apoptosis inhibitors as potential therapies to reduce cyst formation.
Integrated resource management and scheduling with multi-resource constraints

Dynamic real-time systems such as phased-array radars must manage multiple resources, satisfy energy constraints and make frequent on-line scheduling decisions. These systems are hard to manage because task and system requirements change rapidly (e.g. in radar systems, the targets/tasks in the sky are moving continuously) and must satisfy a multitude of constraints. Their highly dynamic nature and stringent time constraints lead to complex cross-layer interactions in these systems. Therefore, the design of such systems has long been a conservative and/or unpredictable mixture of pre-computed schedules, pessimistic resource allocations, cautious energy usage and operator intuition. In this paper, we present an integrated approach that simultaneously maximizes overall system utility, performs task scheduling and satisfies multi-resource constraints. Using a phased-array radar system, we show that our approach can reconfigure settings of 100 tracks at every 0.7 sec in real-time, and performs within 0.1% of the achievable optimal solution.
The Effects of Homophily in Twitter Communication Network of U.S. House Representatives: A Dynamic Network Study

By employing a recently developed dynamic network model (separable temporal exponential-family random graph model), we study the effects of homophily based on gender, race, and political party on formation and dissolution of Representatives’ Twitter communications in forms of mentions and retweets over a period of six month. Our results indicate the presence of demographic homophily and value homophily in Representatives’ Twitter communications networks. More importantly, we find that female Representatives and Representatives from minor ethnical groups have a high tendency in forming and persisting Twitter communications with similar Representatives. We also observe that homophily based on demographics such as gender and race is more effective in Mentions network while homophily based on political party is more dominant in Retweets network.
Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure and the Incidence of Oral, Pharyngeal and Cervical Cancer and Melanoma: An Analysis of the SEER Data.

Background: Based on the hypothesis that ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure can cause DNA damage that may activate dormant viruses such as human papilloma virus, a recent ecological study, which estimated state-level UVR exposure, reported positive correlations between annual UVR exposure and the incidence of oral, pharyngeal, and cervical cancer in 16 U.S. states using the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) data. The purpose of the current study was to further investigate whether the annual UVR level, estimated on a county level, is associated with incidence rates of such cancers using the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 data. If UVR exposure is associated with incidence of these cancer types, we would expect to see a similar or stronger association with melanoma because UVR exposure is a well-demonstrated risk factor for this disease. Thus, we also included melanoma in the study. Materials and Methods: The study subjects were White and Black individuals with oral, pharyngeal, cervical cancer or melanoma diagnosed between 1973 and 2011 from the SEER 18 data. UVR was estimated at the county level and grouped into high-, medium- and low-exposure levels. Age-adjusted incidence rates of cancer were calculated and compared among the UVR exposure groups. The comparisons were also stratified by sex and race. Results: There was an inverse association between UVR exposure and incidence of oral, pharyngeal, and cervical cancer. The inverse association was also observed for melanoma. When stratified by race and sex, the inverse associations remained except for melanoma among Blacks. Conclusion: In contrast to a previous study, our study found that there were inverse associations between UVR exposure and the incidence of oral, pharyngeal, and cervical cancer, as well as of melanoma. Our findings are in agreement with several other published studies reporting no positive correlation between UVR exposure and the incidence rates of oral, pharyngeal, and cervical cancer and melanoma.
Flp Fix Must Be a Part of Transfer Tax Reform

In this report, Prof. Cunningham reviews the need for a legislative solution to the family limited partnership estate planning device in light of recent proposals to reform or repeal the federal estate and generation-skipping taxes. She concludes that, in spite of the government's recent success in litigation in the area, a legislative solution is critical to a viable transfer tax regime, and that the most recent solution proposed by the Joint Committe on Taxation falls short.
Aspects of Attention in Rett Syndrome

Abstract Background We sought to examine fundamental aspects of attention in children with Rett syndrome, a severely disabling neurodevelopmental disorder caused by spontaneous mutations in the X-linked MECP2 gene. To gauge their attention, we used eye tracking, which bypasses the profound impairments in expressive language and hand use in Rett syndrome. We report two aspects of attention—shifting and sustaining—basic abilities known to drive cognitive growth. Methods Two groups were compared: those with Rett syndrome (N = 20; 3-15 years) and a typically developing comparison group (N = 14; 3-16 years), using a task in which an attractive central stimulus was followed, after a short gap, by a dynamic target presented to one side. Time to shift to the target location (reactive and anticipatory saccades) and time fixating the target were assessed. Results Children with Rett syndrome were consistently slower to shift (largely because of fewer anticipations); their reactive saccades were also slower than those of typically developing children, but not significantly so. The Rett syndrome group spent considerable time looking at the target (over 75% of available time), although significantly less so than the typically developing group. Conclusions These findings indicate that children with Rett syndrome could maintain attention on a stimulus and orient relatively quickly to the appearance of a target in the visual field. However, they had difficulty in anticipating predictable events, a difficulty in endogenous attention that is likely to have deleterious implications for executive functioning.
Coxiella burnetii Infection in a Community Operating a Large-Scale Cow and Goat Dairy, Missouri, 2013

Coxiella burnetii is a zoonotic pathogen that causes Q fever in humans and is transmitted primarily from infected goats, sheep, or cows. Q fever typically presents as an acute febrile illness; however, individuals with certain predisposing conditions, including cardiac valvulopathy, are at risk for chronic Q fever, a serious manifestation that may present as endocarditis. In response to a cluster of Q fever cases detected by public health surveillance, we evaluated C. burnetii infection in a community that operates a large-scale cow and goat dairy. A case was defined as an individual linked to the community with a C. burnetii phase II IgG titer ≥ 128. Of 135 participants, 47 (35%) cases were identified. Contact with or close proximity to cows, goats, and their excreta was associated with being a case (relative risk 2.7, 95% confidence interval 1.3-5.3). Cases were also identified among individuals without cow or goat contact and could be related to windborne spread or tracking of C. burnetii on fomites within the community. A history of injection drug use was reported by 26/130 (20%) participants; follow-up for the presence of valvulopathy and monitoring for development of chronic Q fever may be especially important among this population.
It's Time to Come Clean: Open the AFL-CIO Archives on International Labor Operations:

This article discusses the two general approaches to foreign affairs taken by the AFL-CIO since 1962, considering foreign policy under Presi dents George Meany and Lane Kirkland (1962-95), and comp...
Coarse-grained model for the interconversion between native and liquid ammonia-treated crystalline cellulose.

We present the results of Langevin dynamics simulations on a coarse–grained model for a structural transition in crystalline cellulose pertinent to the cellulose degradation problem. We analyze two...
Further Studies on Tongue Innervation.

SummaryThe above data ofier no evidence that the hypoglossal, lingual or upper cervical nerves mediate proprioceptive impulses from the intrinsic tongue musculature of the cat.
Functional Brain Imaging, Limbic Function, and Affective Disorders

For more than a century, mesial cerebral structures have been candidate substrates for the mediation of emotional experience. Although limbic structures were originally conceived as forming a midline ring, emerging evidence suggests that emotional processes may be related more closely to anterior paralimbic (anterior limbic and nearby cortical) regions than to posterior limbic regions. In addition, basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits for various cerebral processes have been proposed, including one involving anterior paralimbic structures thought to mediate emotion. Recent brain imaging studies have advanced this thesis by demonstrating anterior paralimbic activation during affective arousal in healthy volunteers. The overwhelming majority of functional imaging studies of both primary and secondary depression has demonstrated decreased anterior paralimbic and prefrontal cortical activity, the latter of which often correlated with severity of depression and resolved with symptom remission. A few studies ...
Research on Photovoltaic Power Prediction Based On BP Neural Network

The photovoltaic power prediction is important to improve grid scheduling quality.The photovoltaic power forecasting model based on BP neural network is established herein to forecast the output of photovoltaic power station,in which,an innovative idea of taking photovoltaic component environment clearness as model input factor is proposed.The validity of model is proved by adopting the photovoltaic power system of Xinjiang Electric Power Research Institute as verification platform.
Lightning Protection on River Crossing of AC 1000kV Transmission Line

The lightning performance on the Yellow River crossing section and the Han River crossing section in the 1000kV UHVAC test and demonstration project,which transmit power from southeastern Shanxi province via Nanyang in Henan province to Jingmen in Hubei province of China,was estimated.The estimative method of lightning performance on river crossing line was introduced.Combining with the operation experiences of other large crossing transmission lines in China,and referring to the relavant overvoltage protection standard of Russian,the auhors estimated and confirmed appropriate lightning protections according to the statistical interval time of lightning failure of river crossing transmission lines.And the authors advise the interval time of lightning failure of UHVAC river crossing transmission lines in China should be larger than fifty years.This paper gives the results of lightning shielding failure outage number and the backflashover outage number per year of the two river crossing lines,calculates the flashover outage number per year while lightning stroke on the grounding wire in the middle of the span,and also gives the requirement values of the river crossing towers clearance decided by lightning overvoltage.
Experience in Treating for 21 Cases Placenta Previa

Objective To study the treatment approaches for placenta previa.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted over the 21 cases of placenta previa that received treatment in Yanbian Women and Children's Hospital during the period from Jan 2009 to Aug 20,2010.Results Out of all the 21 cases,there were marginal placenta previa 5 cases,partial placental previa 8 cases,central placenta previa 8 cases,and there were postpartum hemorrhage 17 cases.After having been given rest-cure,suppression of uterine contraction and symptomatic treatments,no patient of the above cases demised or received surgical removal of uterus.Conclusion Considering the severity of the placenta previa,the treatments given to such patients should be varied according to situations.
Practitioners beware: Regional differences in beliefs about nutrition during pregnancy

We surveyed 1,771 members of The American Dietetic Association, who worked in general nutrition, pediatrics, and public health nutrition, about their clients’ beliefs about nutrition during pregnancy. The practitioners were chosen because they likely served pregnant women and/or women with young children. Items for the belief inventory were generated by surveying the beliefs of pregnant and nonpregnant adolescents and their families, teachers, and peers as well as by collecting beliefs heard from clients of social workers, nurses, and dietitians residing in the state of Tennessee. Using a modified q-sort, 26 statements were developed to survey dietitians practicing nationwide. Results indicate that beliefs about physiological needs during pregnancy, practices related to a healthy baby, and beverage recommendations were not significantly different across the regions designated by US Public Health Services (Standard Federal Administrative Regions). However, beliefs about cravings and folklore showed strong regional differences, with the Southeast regions and adjacent states differing significantly from other regions. The majority of beliefs are not supported by scientific information, and results support the need for each region to identify beliefs that could influence dietary patterns (eg, eating for two, eating only a few selected foods, restricting salt, taking vitamins to overcome an inadequate diet, and deciding pregnancy is a good time to lose weight). We recommend that dietetic practitioners become aware of clients’ beliefs, support beliefs that are accurate according to current recommendations for pregnancy, and counsel clients about beliefs that are potentially detrimental to good nutrition during pregnancy.
Self-forgiveness and forgiveness-seeking in response to rumination: Cardiac and emotional responses of transgressors

AbstractSelf-forgiveness and forgiveness-seeking are important and understudied aspects of forgiveness. We examined the cardiac and emotional patterns of healthy young adults (40 women, 40 men) who recalled an unresolved offense they had caused another person. Participants engaged in four imagery conditions: ruminating about the offense, being humbly repentant and engaging in self-forgiveness, seeking forgiveness from the victim and receiving forgiveness, and seeking forgiveness from the victim and being begrudged. Being repentant and begrudged forgiveness by one’s victim was associated with the same level of guilt as when ruminating, but significantly more negative emotion, less control, and less empathy than when ruminating, self-forgiving, and receiving forgiveness from the victim. Compared to ruminating about one’s wrongdoing, self-forgiving alleviated guilt and negative emotion, increased perceived control, decreased heart rate, and increased parasympathetic activation. Imagery of receiving forgivene...
Innovation Cartography and Patentomics: Past, Present and Future

One method for determining investment targets in any business sector is to determine where entities are focusing their development strategies to enhance innovation. One signal that can be used to judge where companies are innovating is publically available patent information. Using patent data is a complex process, but one that has become more viable over the last decade due to the open availability of patents online, and importantly the enhancement in software and hardware tools. This paper looks at the evolution of such tools, using research and development in crops as an example.
Corynotrypa from the Ordovician of North America; colony growth in a primitive stenolaemate bryozoan

Colonies of the runner-like bryozoans Corynotrypa delicatula (James) and C. inflata (Hall) are common encrusters of Middle and Upper Ordovician shells and hardgrounds, especially in Cincinnatian deposits. The simplicity of their zooids contrasts with complexities in the dynamics of colonial organization. Both species have uniserial branches that bifurcate at intervals and, in addition, give rise periodically to lateral ramifications. Although angles of bifurcation and lateral ramification each average about 80°, bifurcations and lateral ramifications are fundamentally different modes of branch multiplication. In C. delicatula new lateral branches have conspicuous secondary zones of astogenetic change distinguished by elongation of successively budded zooids. Unlike bifurcations, the first zooids in lateral branches in Corynotrypa are not linked to the parent branch by a narrow basal canal, and each new lateral branch can be regarded as a distinct subcolonial unit. The ancestrula, described here for the first time in an Ordovician species of Corynotrypa, has a poorly differentiated protoecium and initiates a primary zone of astogenetic change. Colony growth in Corynotrypa was more plastic than in many other bryozoan runners. The systematics of C. delicatula and C. inflata are revised, and a lectotype is chosen for the former species.
Villagers and Lords in Eastern Europe, 1300–1800. By Markus Cerman. (Houndmills, United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. Pp. xvii, 155. $26.00.)

The subject of this little book—really an extended historiographical essay in many respects—is the history of the agrarian economies in central and eastern Europe, particularly the category of “dem...
Blind identification of full-field vibration modes of output-only structures from uniformly-sampled, possibly temporally-aliased (sub-Nyquist), video measurements

Enhancing the spatial and temporal resolution of vibration measurements and modal analysis could significantly benefit dynamic modelling, analysis, and health monitoring of structures. For example, spatially high-density mode shapes are critical for accurate vibration-based damage localization. In experimental or operational modal analysis, higher (frequency) modes, which may be outside the frequency range of the measurement, contain local structural features that can improve damage localization as well as the construction and updating of the modal-based dynamic model of the structure. In general, the resolution of vibration measurements can be increased by enhanced hardware. Traditional vibration measurement sensors such as accelerometers have high-frequency sampling capacity; however, they are discrete point-wise sensors only providing sparse, low spatial sensing resolution measurements, while dense deployment to achieve high spatial resolution is expensive and results in the mass-loading effect and modification of structure's surface. Non-contact measurement methods such as scanning laser vibrometers provide high spatial and temporal resolution sensing capacity; however, they make measurements sequentially that requires considerable acquisition time. As an alternative non-contact method, digital video cameras are relatively low-cost, agile, and provide high spatial resolution, simultaneous, measurements. Combined with vision based algorithms (e.g., image correlation or template matching, optical flow, etc.), video camera based measurements have been successfully used for experimental and operational vibration measurement and subsequent modal analysis. However, the sampling frequency of most affordable digital cameras is limited to 30–60 Hz, while high-speed cameras for higher frequency vibration measurements are extremely costly. This work develops a computational algorithm capable of performing vibration measurement at a uniform sampling frequency lower than what is required by the Shannon-Nyquist sampling theorem for output-only modal analysis. In particular, the spatio-temporal uncoupling property of the modal expansion of structural vibration responses enables a direct modal decoupling of the temporally-aliased vibration measurements by existing output-only modal analysis methods, yielding (full-field) mode shapes estimation directly. Then the signal aliasing properties in modal analysis is exploited to estimate the modal frequencies and damping ratios. The proposed method is validated by laboratory experiments where output-only modal identification is conducted on temporally-aliased acceleration responses and particularly the temporally-aliased video measurements of bench-scale structures, including a three-story building structure and a cantilever beam.
Determination of multi-port noise parameters

The paper outlines the main results of a novel and comprehensive analysis for the determination of the noise parameters of linear noisy microwave networks with any number of ports. The well-established approach by Lane for the case of linear 2 port networks becomes a particular case of this analysis. A thorough discussion of the results identifies practical requirements as well as constraints for a successful noise characterization of any N-port networks. The noise parameters of a passive 4 port network are determined to validate the analysis against measurements. This paper is the first demonstration of a method to determine the noise parameters of a linear network with any number of ports.
Automatic categorization with deep neural network for open-source Java projects

For software developers, searching and finding relevant applications in the same categories is important in understanding relevant high-level functionality of the applications and the context of similar functionality in the same categories, assessing the reusability of common functionality, and rapid prototyping for project bidding proposals [6]. The public repositories always provide the categorization of applications to support searching for relevant applications. For example, to search for an application in SourceForge, one could browse the projects according to the provided categories including "Audio/Video", "Business/Enterprise", "Communications", "Development", "Home/Education", "Games", etc. Manual categorization is tedious and laborious, thus, automatic categorization approaches have gained much popularity [5]. Several researchers have investigated Information Retrieval approach to categorize software projects [3], [4], [9], [10]. Machine learning (ML) approaches are also popularly used [5], e.g., Support Vector Machines, Naive Bayes, Decision Tree, RIPPER, and IBK. The approaches use API calls to third-party libraries as features for software categorization.
Microgrid generation planning considering renewable energy target

Low carbon economy calls for an increasing penetration of renewable energy in power systems. In this paper, we develop a theoretical framework to study the optimal planning for a microgrid system, considering the renewable energy target. We model the renewable energy target as a planning and operational constraint. Then we develop a two-stage stochastic programming problem to minimize the overall cost of the microgrid. In Stage-1, the microgrid planner determines the optimal investment in renewable energy generations, e.g., from solar energy and wind energy. In Stage-2, the microgrid operator coordinates the energy supply and demand to minimize the daily operational cost. With realistic data, we numerically show the optimal investment in the capacities of solar energy and wind energy with respect to the renewable energy target. We also show the optimal power supply from renewable generation and the main grid.
45–49: Europe, 1962–1992 (3)

Hayek’s Nobel Prize Lecture addressed ‘The Pretence of Knowledge.’ To maximize the prospects of the least well-off, John Rawls embraced ‘Fair Equality of Opportunity’—and Hayek ‘pretended to agree with him.’ Hayek also pretended to agree with both Terence Hutchison and Caldwell—which left Caldwell exasperated: ‘So much for going to the horse’s mouth for clarification!’ Hayek was also a party political operative for the Conservative and Republican parties—despite pretending that he ‘would refuse to take any sort of political position or political responsibility.’ This chapter also examines the context of Hayek’s support for the Chilean dictator, Pinochet—a constructivist seeking to rebuild a version of the Feudal social order that had been imposed on the Americas by the Habsburg-led First Reich.
Interpersonal Communication in Response to an Intervention and Its Impact on Smoking Cessation Within a Low-Income Population.

Background. It is a priority to develop population-based strategies for reducing barriers to smoking cessation among low-income populations. Harnessing secondary transmission such as interpersonal ...
A 43-year-old woman with unexplained elevation of hCG.

Abstract Objective This case report investigates an unusual hCG result in a woman who is not pregnant. Patient and methods A 43-year-old woman was admitted for recurrence of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) was initiated. Prior to transitioning the patient from TPE to immunosuppressive therapy, a serum qualitative hCG test was performed and was positive. Several etiologies for elevated hCG were considered and investigated, including heterophile antibody interference, endogenous hCG from pituitary or malignancy, and exogenous hCG. Results Retrospective measurement of hCG levels in remnant samples, including a sample obtained prior to TPE initiation, demonstrated that the hCG elevation occurred with plasma administration for TPE. Further investigation with the American Red Cross confirmed that a plasma donor was unknowingly pregnant and in the latter half of the first trimester at the time of donation, when hCG levels peak. Conclusion In plasma recipients with unexplained hCG elevation, passive transfer of hCG from plasma should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Retrospective measurement of hCG in remnant samples obtained prior to plasma exchange can assist in confirming the source.
Durable regression of Medulloblastoma after regional and intravenous delivery of anti-HER2 chimeric antigen receptor T cells

Standard-of-care therapies for treating pediatric medulloblastoma have long-term side effects, even in children who are cured. One emerging modality of cancer therapy that could be equally effective without such side effects would be chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Knowing that human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in many medulloblastomas and has been used as a CAR T target before, we sought to evaluate the efficacy of more sophisticated anti-HER2 CAR T cells, as well as the feasibility and efficacy of different routes of delivering these cells, for the treatment of pediatric medulloblastoma. Daoy, D283 and D425 medulloblastoma cell lines were characterized by flow cytometry to evaluate HER2 expression. Anti-tumor efficacy of HER2-BBz-CAR T cells in vitro was performed using cytokine release and immune cytotoxicity assays compared to control CD19 CAR T cells. In vivo, Daoy and D283 tumor cells were orthotopically implanted in the posterior fossa of NOD.Cg-Prkdc scid Il2rg tm1Wjl /SzJ (NSG) mice and treated with regional or intravenous HER2-BBz-CAR T cells or control CD19 CAR T cells. Non-human primates (NHPs) bearing ventricular and lumbar reservoirs were treated with target autologous cells bearing extracellular HER2 followed by autologous HER2-CAR T cells intraventricularly. Cerebrospinal fluid and blood were collected serially to measure the persistence of delivered cells and cytokines. HER2-BBz-CAR T cells effectively clear medulloblastoma orthotopically implanted in the posterior fossa of NSG mice via both regional and intravenous delivery in xenograft models. Intravenous delivery requires a log higher dose compared to regional delivery. NHPs tolerated intraventricular delivery of autologous cells bearing extracellular HER2 followed by HER2-BBz-CAR T cells without experiencing any systemic toxicity. HER2-BBz-CAR T cells show excellent pre-clinical efficacy in vitro and in mouse medulloblastoma models, and their intraventricular delivery is feasible and safe in NHPs. A clinical trial of HER2-BBz-CAR T cells directly delivered into cerebrospinal fluid should be designed for patients with relapsed medulloblastoma.
FORGETTING THACKERAY AND UNMAKING CAREERS

One of the peculiar challenges facing scholars who wish to write about Thackeray's fiction is locating a dominant critical account to argue against. The MLA Bibliography contains a great number of examples of scrupulously argued, compelling research into Thackeray's body of writing, but few if any of them have reached any kind of canonical status as the (or even one of the) interpretive accounts that define how critics understand his fiction. It can seem, for example, that Thackeray is either consciously or unconsciously evaded by many scholars seeking to develop overarching, defining accounts of the nineteenth-century novel. In two works that helped set the terms for decades of critical conversation about nineteenth-century literature – Desire and Domestic Fiction (1987) and The Novel and the Police (1988) – Nancy Armstrong and D. A. Miller each give at most a passing mention to Thackeray (he shows up four times in Armstong's book; never in Miller's). In their equally influential bodies of criticism, Mary Poovey and Catherine Gallagher provide no sustained – or even fragmentary – treatment of Thackeray's work. Moving into the twenty-first century, one would look in vain for a chapter on Thackeray in Amanda Anderson's The Powers of Distance (2001), Sharon Marcus's Between Women, and Alex Woloch's The One vs the Many (2003) – books that have provided us with key terms, issues, and methods to do our work. (To readers of this journal, it might be not necessary to say the following: Thackeray's fiction includes many illustrations of the phenomena discussed by these works – cosmopolitanism, female-female friendship, and minor characters – so his absence cannot be explained solely on this basis.) And to move backwards from the 1980s, Steven Marcus, J. Hillis Miller, and Raymond Williams produced pioneering analyses of the links between history, ideology, and Victorian literature, but Thackeray's writing played almost no part in their elaboration of those links, with Hillis Miller focusing on Thackeray only in one short essay and one book chapter among his large body of scholarship and Williams omitting him altogether from The English Novel from Dickens to Lawrence (1970).