cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
High noise rejection filter using complementary ring resonators on silicon-on-insulator

We propose a high noise rejection filter using complementary ring resonators. The device has a much higher signal/noise ratio than a single ring resonator and can be used as a low noise electro-optic modulator.
Circular dichroism of soybean trypsin inhibitor and its derivatives

Circular dichroism (CD) of soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI, the „KUNITZ inhibitor”)and some of its derivatives was studied in the spectral region of 185 to 320 mμ. Acetylation and succinylation, as well as denaturation with 6 M guanidine hydrochloride resulted in small changes in the CD spectra. In strongly acid solutions at pH 1.8 to 2.0 was observed a decrease of the amplitude of the positive COTTON effect at 226 mμ and a shift of this band to 230 mμ. Remarkable changes were observed in the CD spectra after cleavage of the disulfide bonds of STI either by reduction or sulfitolysis. The positive band at 226 mμ thereby disappeared, the negative bands around 240–300 mμ were modified and the amplitude of the strong negative COTTON effect at 200 mμ was diminished by the cleavage of the disulfide bonds. Reconstitution of the disulfide bonds lead to CD patterns resembling those of the native protein. The antitryptic activity of all chemically modified samples was significantly lowered. Der Zirkulardichroismus (CD) des Trypsin-Inhibitors (STI, der „KuNITZsche Inhibitor” aus Sojabohnen) und einiger Derivate wurde zwischen 185 und 320 mμ bestimmt. Die CD-Spektren der Acetyl- und Succinylderivate sowie die Spektren des denaturierten Proteins in 6 m Guanidinhydrochloridlosungen unterscheiden sich nur wenig vom Spektrum des nativen Inhibitors. In stark sauren Losungen (pH 1,8–2,0) wurde die Amplitude des positiven COTTON-Effektes bei 226 mμ erniedrigt und das Maximum von 226 nach 230 mμ verschoben. Betrachtliche Veranderungen in den CD-Spektren wurden nach der Spaltung der Disulfidbrucken des Proteins (entweder durch Reduktion oder Sulfitolyse) beobachtet: die 226-mμ-Bande verschwand, der Verlauf des Spektrums um 240–300 mμ wurde modifiziert und die Amplitude des stark negativen COTTON-Effektes bei 200 mμ erniedrigt. Regenerieren der Disulfidbrucken fuhrte zu CD-Spektren, die denjenigen des nativen Proteins ahnlich waren. Die antitryptische Aktivitat aller chemisch modifizierten Derivate war eindeutig schwacher als die Aktivitat des unveranderten Proteins.
Computer simulation and theory for free energies in dilute near‐critical solutions

Computer simulation results are presented for the residual chemical potential μ, local solvent density enhancement Δρloc, and average solute potential energy u1 of a solute molecule immersed in afluid very close to its critical point. The simulation algorithm involves the Monte Carlo method in conjunction with free energy perturbation ideas. A number of ideas related to the feasibility of computer simulations in near-critical solvents are investigated. Due to long-range correlations near the critical point, it is not clear that simulations in this regime can be expected to yield accurate results using ensemble sizes of the magnitude typically used in simulations. Examination of system size and number of sampling steps on the simulations shows that the accuracy of the results depend to a large extent on the nature of the thermodynamic property being investigated. The solute chemical potential is suited particularly to simulation since it depends primarily on short-range structure in the system. A comparison of the simulation results with integral equation theory calculations shows both approaches agree well with each other.
Invariant Crease Lines for Topological and Structural Analysis of Tensor Fields

We introduce a versatile framework for characterizing and extracting salient structures in three-dimensional symmetric second-order tensor fields. The key insight is that degenerate lines in tensor fields, as defined by the standard topological approach, are exactly crease (ridge and valley) lines of a particular tensor invariant called mode. This reformulation allows us to apply well-studied approaches from scientific visualization or computer vision to the extraction of topological lines in tensor fields. More generally, this main result suggests that other tensor invariants, such as anisotropy measures like fractional anisotropy (FA), can be used in the same framework in lieu of mode to identify important structural properties in tensor fields. Our implementation addresses the specific challenge posed by the non-linearity of the considered scalar measures and by the smoothness requirement of the crease manifold computation. We use a combination of smooth reconstruction kernels and adaptive refinement strategy that automatically adjust the resolution of the analysis to the spatial variation of the considered quantities. Together, these improvements allow for the robust application of existing ridge line extraction algorithms in the tensor context of our problem. Results are proposed for a diffusion tensor MRI dataset, and for a benchmark stress tensor field used in engineering research.
Synthesis and properties of fully-conjugated indacenedithiophenes

The synthesis and characterization of four fully-conjugated indacenedithiophenes (IDTs) are disclosed. In contrast to anthradithiophenes, regioselective synthesis of both syn and anti isomers is readily achieved. Thiophene fusion imparts increased paratropic character on the central indacene core as predicted by DFT calculations and confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. IDTs exhibit red-shifted absorbance maxima with respect to their all-carbon analogues and undergo two-electron reduction and one-electron oxidation.
Effects of temperature on larval fish swimming performance: the importance of physics to physiology

Temperature influences both the physiology offish larvae and the physics of the flow conditions under which they swim. For small larvae in low Reynolds number (Re) hydrodynamic environments dominated by frictional drag, temperature-induced changes in the physics of water flow have the greatest effect on swimming performance. For larger larvae, in higher Re environments, temperature-induced changes in physiology become more important as larvae swim faster and changes in swimming patterns and mechanics occur. Physiological rates at different temperatures have been quantified using Q10s with the assumption that temperature only affected physiological variables. Consequently, Q10s that did not consider temperature-induced changes in viscosity overestimated the effect of temperature on physiology by 58% and 56% in cold-water herring and cod larvae respectively. In contrast, in warm-water Danube bleak larvae, Q10s overestimated temperature-induced effects on physiology by only 5–7%. This may be because in warm water, temperature-induced changes affect viscosity to a smaller degree than in cold water. Temperature also affects muscle contractility and efficiency and at high swimming velocities, efficiency decreases more rapidly in cold-exposed than in warm-exposed muscle fibres. Further experiments are needed to determine whether temperature acts differently on swimming metabolism in different thermal environments. While hydrodynamic factors appear to be very important to larval fish swimming performance in cold water, they appear to lose importance in warm water where temperature effects on physiology dominate. This may suggest that major differences exist among locomotory capacities of larval fish that inhabit cold, temperate waters compared to those that live in warm tropical waters. It is possible that fish larvae may have developed strategies that affect dispersal and recruitment in different aquatic habitats in order to cope not only with temperature-induced physiological challenges, but physical challenges as well.
Hybrid CARs for Cancer

The resurgence of immunotherapy strategies for treating cancer can be mostly attributable to the ability to manipulate T cells, whether through checkpoint blockade or redirection with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). The majority of human T cells express αβ T cell receptors, which are exquisitely restricted to the set of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules that define tissues as “self.” It is this specificity that drives the need for tissue matching in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. However, there are smaller subsets of T cells, such as invariant natural killer T cells (NKT cells), that are a sort of hybrid between T cells and NK lymphocytes. NKT cells have a conserved T cell receptor that is CD1d-restricted instead of MHC-restricted. Importantly, these invariant NKT cells can kill tumor-associated macrophages that express CD1d. Now, Heczey et al. have designed a new platform for cancer immunotherapy by transducing invariant NKT cells with chimeric antigen receptors specific for the ganglioside GD2. This GD2 antigen has been targeted with antibodies and with CAR (αβT) cells in neuroblastoma, with encouraging results. The authors tested CARs transduced into NKT cells in vitro and in mice carrying human neuroblastoma xenografts. The researchers found that the endodomains of the CARs polarized cytokine production, driving NKT cell survival just like they do in αβ T cells. They also found that NKT cells retained their ability to kill tumor-associated macrophages and did not cause graft-versus-host disease the way that αβ T cells do. Invariant NKT cells may expand the platform of CAR immunotherapy and may be naturally synergistic with approaches that, for example, target the tumor microenvironment. Invariant NKT cells also have the potential for “universal donor” use. On the other hand, invariant NKT cells may still be susceptible to rejection by the host, and the methods used for isolating and growing them may be more difficult than for αβ T cells because they are so rare. However, these issues potentially can be solved, and clinical trials using CAR-NKT cells are worth exploring. A. Heczey et al. , Invariant NKT cells with chimeric antigen receptor provide a novel platform for safe and effective cancer immunotherapy. Blood 10.1182/blood-2013-11-541235 (2014). [[Abstract]][1] [1]: http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/early/2014/07/21/blood-2013-11-541235
Measuring standardized effect size improves interpretation of biomonitoring studies and facilitates meta-analysis

AbstractIntersite differences in benthic communities detected by tests of null hypotheses are used routinely to infer effects of habitat perturbation. The statistical outputs from these tests are often treated as binary results (presence or absence of detectable effects), and the sizes and potential biological importance of detected differences or effects are frequently ignored. This situation can be remedied by measuring standardized effect sizes of detected differences. To demonstrate the benefits of standardized effect sizes, we compared benthic communities in streams draining forested and perturbed catchments based on kick-net samples, and samples from bricks and Hester–Dendy multiplate samplers. We complemented null hypothesis testing by calculating standardized effect sizes (Cohen’s d) and their confidence intervals (CIs) to rank 14 benthic metrics and the 3 sampling techniques. Despite having higher variance than metrics from brick or Hester–Dendy samplers, metrics from kick-net samples better sepa...
Indian Tigers, Chinese Dragons: Uncertainty, Risk, And Entrepreneurial Behavior

This paper examines entrepreneurship in two of the modern marvels of emerging markets: China and India. Both of these countries have immense economic problems, but are growing at a strong rate. These growth rates are also creating powerful entrepreneurial forces. Which region is going to develop more entrepreneurs or attract foreign investments quicker is the key to a race between the two countries. This paper presents a conceptual framework that shows the relationships between uncertainty, risk, and entrepreneurial behavior, and also the problems and successes of entrepreneurs, with illustration of three cases from each country. The paper discusses similarities and differences in entrepreneurial risk taking between the two countries and presents key factors that impact entrepreneurial activity in these two countries. This paper has implications for companies seeking new markets, or business partners in these nations.
The Business of Natural History

Charles Aiken was a Colorado ornithologist and specimen dealer whose career spanned almost sixty years, roughly 1870–1930. He was an entrepreneurial naturalist who operated a long-running commercial natural history dealership in Colorado Springs, which enabled him to pursue his passion for birds and make important contributions to American ornithology. Definitive studies of Colorado and Rocky Mountain avifauna were based on his personal specimen collection and extensive residential knowledge. However, his contributions to ornithology have largely been forgotten, highlighting the fact that collectors like Aiken were “invisible technicians.” This article examines the importance of specimen dealers to the science of natural history, suggesting that the tools we use to examine the careers of scientists can also be useful in understanding those commercial collectors who provided scientists with the materials they needed to produce scientific knowledge. The first half follows Aiken’s career from his early training in natural history through to the operation of his natural history dealership. The second half considers Aiken’s contributions to American ornithology, providing insight into the social and scientific status of collectors in late-nineteenth and early-twentieth-century America. I consider whether specimen dealers are best classified as amateurs , professionals , or scientists . I also examine the tensions engendered by collectors’ commercial practices, and how scientific publication acted as a boundary between collectors and those scientists who used their specimens in the production of knowledge.
Thoracoscopic management of volvulus of the gastric conduit following minimally invasive Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy

Background We present a case of emergent thoracoscopic management of volvulus of the gastric conduit following minimally invasive Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy. The patient is a 69-year-old Caucasian male with a history of adenocarcinoma of the lower third of the esophagus. Initial presentation was dysphagia with solid foods, which progressed in severity until he was unable to swallow anything. EUS demonstrated a partially obstructing mass at 33 cm; biopsy revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, stage T3N2Mx. PET scan did not reveal any metastatic disease. Preoperative management included neo-adjuvant chemoradiation therapy (5-FU and cisplatin) and early placement of a jejunal feeding tube. Intra-operative leak test was performed as a matter of routine following completion of the esophagogastric anastomosis. A nasogastric tube was placed intra-operatively and removed on POD2 according to our standard pathway. Postoperatively, the patient progressed without difficulty to POD4, when we routinely obtain an upper GI swallow study. This demonstrated a lack of transit of contrast through the distal neo-esophagus. Follow-up endoscopy revealed volvulus of the gastric conduit with obliteration of the lumen.
Regulation and function of ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) within mTOR signalling networks.

The ribosomal protein S6K (S6 kinase) represents an extensively studied effector of the TORC1 [TOR (target of rapamycin) complex 1], which possesses important yet incompletely defined roles in cellular and organismal physiology. TORC1 functions as an environmental sensor by integrating signals derived from diverse environmental cues to promote anabolic and inhibit catabolic cellular functions. mTORC1 (mammalian TORC1) phosphorylates and activates S6K1 and S6K2, whose first identified substrate was rpS6 (ribosomal protein S6), a component of the 40S ribosome. Studies over the past decade have uncovered a number of additional S6K1 substrates, revealing multiple levels at which the mTORC1–S6K1 axis regulates cell physiology. The results thus far indicate that the mTORC1–S6K1 axis controls fundamental cellular processes, including transcription, translation, protein and lipid synthesis, cell growth/size and cell metabolism. In the present review we summarize the regulation of S6Ks, their cellular substrates and functions, and their integration within rapidly expanding mTOR (mammalian TOR) signalling networks. Although our understanding of the role of mTORC1–S6K1 signalling in physiology remains in its infancy, evidence indicates that this signalling axis controls, at least in part, glucose homoeostasis, insulin sensitivity, adipocyte metabolism, body mass and energy balance, tissue and organ size, learning, memory and aging. As dysregulation of this signalling axis contributes to diverse disease states, improved understanding of S6K regulation and function within mTOR signalling networks may enable the development of novel therapeutics.
Moral status of accidents

No one is naive enough to expect that all moral beliefs are universal. Today, some countries legally beat and imprison homosexuals, and others recognize gay marriage; in some places, killing a bull is a sport, and, in others, it is an abomination; in some places, corporal punishment is the obligation of a responsible parent and, in others, grounds for forced removal. Indeed, the burden of proof seems to be on the other side: Is there anything universal about human moral cognition? In PNAS, Barrett et al. (1) test one candidate for a universal principle of human morality: that an action’s moral value depends not only on the action’s consequences but on the person’s intentions.
Best Practices in Digital Object Development for Education: Promoting Excellence and Innovation in Instructional Quality and Assessment.

A program of development of online learning resources should provide content, resources, support and activities to promote excellence and innovation in instructional quality and assessment. This article provides details on four good practices in digital object development for American elementary schools. In addition, research is provided of an evaluation of the learning object development programs with a view toward the ultimate impact on student perception and success.
Birth of a Black Nation

To examine what repression and dynamics within challenging organizations contribute to the demise of social movement organizations (i.e., demobilization), one has to identify and monitor the individuals, ideas, institutions, and interventions of the relevant SMO over time as they are subject to varying levels of repressive behavior and internal dynamics. Additionally, one must also identify and monitor the efforts undertaken by the dissidents to sustain individuals, ideas, institutions, and interventions, despite the efforts authorities undertake to undermine them. As will be seen, the founding of the Republic of New Africa set in place many elements that would both help and hinder the organization in the future. Clearly the beginning phase was a difficult period for the group of black nationalists that joined the new organization. The RNA was attempting to create a government essentially from scratch (e.g., obtaining members, identifying supporters, drafting documents, laying out the structure, and assigning activities to different sectors of the organization) as well as inform the public of what was going on through a variety of strategies (e.g., press conferences, articles, and rallies). Unfortunately, the results of all these efforts were limited as members and the resources they brought with them barely trickled in.
Men's response to their wives' participation in microfinance: perpetration and justification of intimate partner violence in Bangladesh

Abstract Objective The present study adds to extant literature on the association between microfinance participation and intimate partner violence (IPV) by assessing a national sample of men married to microfinance participants. The key objective was to assess whether there was a positive association between wives' microfinance participation and men's perpetration and justification of IPV in urban areas of Bangladesh. Study design This study is based on a population-based secondary data analysis. Methods In this cross-sectional study, data from a national sample of men from the 2007 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey were analysed using logistic regression analyses. IPV perpetration was measured using a modified Conflict Tactics Scale and justification of IPV was measured based on ‘justification of wife beating’ statements with which men agreed or disagreed. Results Men married to microfinance participants were not significantly different from men married to non-participants of microfinance in terms of IPV perpetration in both urban and rural areas. However, the interaction effect of wives' microfinance participation and urban living on men's justification of IPV revealed a significant and positive beta coefficient. Specifically, wives' participation in microfinance was positively associated with men's justification of IPV in urban areas (β = 0.51, P Conclusion Microfinance organizations in urban areas should bundle microfinancial services with IPV screening and intervention geared toward men and women.
Large scale network situational awareness via 3D gaming technology

Obtaining situational awareness of network activity across an enterprise presents unique visualization challenges. IT analysts are required to quickly gather and correlate large volumes of disparate data to identify the existence of anomalous behavior. This paper will show how the MIT Lincoln Laboratory LLGrid Team has approached obtaining network situational awareness utilizing the Unity 3D video game engine. We have developed a 3D environment of the physical plant in the format of a networked multi player First Person Shooter (FPS) to demonstrate a virtual depiction of the current state of the network and the machines operating on the network. Within the game or virtual world an analyst or player can gather critical information on all network assets as well as perform physical system actions on machines in question. 3D gaming technology provides tools to create an environment that is both visually familiar to the player as well display immense amounts of system data in a meaningful and easy to absorb format. Our prototype system was able to monitor and display 5000 assets in ∼10% of the time of our network time window.
An everyone culture: Becoming a deliberately developmental organization, By Robert Kegan and Lisa Laskow Lahey: Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Publishing, 2016, 308 pp., $32.00 (hardcover), ISBN: 978-1-62527-862-3

When conducting a cultural analysis of an organizational system, one will always do well by finding the answer to the following question: Around what, does this organization’s operation revolve? Fo...
Victorian Literature and the Physics of the Imponderable

In Victorian Literature and the Physics of the Imponderable, Sarah C. Alexander argues that the notion of the imponderable illuminates scientific discourse, economic discourse, and several types of...
Job Satisfaction of Employees in St. Peterâ€™s College, Iligan City

In todayâ€™s competitive environment, it is important to recruit and retain qualified, dynamic, and motivated employees to be viable in the academic world. This study measured the job satisfaction of the employees at St. Peterâ€™s College, Iligan City (SPC) using the Job Descriptive Index for the five facets of job satisfaction. These are pay, co-workers, work itself, supervision, and promotion. The job satisfaction of the employeesâ€™ are measured along the demographic profile variables such as age, marital status, gender, employment description, salary, academic qualification, and tenure. This paper also aimed to measure the employees overall satisfaction with the job using the Job in General Scale. The validated questionnaire used in this study is the Job Descriptive Index and Job in General Scales from Bowling Green University. A descriptive and correlation statistics were used for this study. The study revealed that the SPC employees described that they are generally satisfied with their job although employees from segments of demographic profile describe their satisfaction on the facets of pay, and promotion on the negative. It was found out that there is no significant relationship between the employeesâ€™ demographic profile and their job satisfaction. The study showed that the employees found dissatisfaction in some facets of the job satisfaction but felt satisfied on the overall job situation. SPC management can use the findings of this study to address important issues on job satisfaction to effectively manage human resource for the continuous improve of the school services. Â Keywords: Job satisfaction, job descriptive index, job in general, facets of the job satisfaction Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE â€˜â€œ â€™â€ /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:107%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
The Role of Primary Care Providers in Encouraging Older Patients to Change Their Lifestyle Behaviors.

ABSTRACTObjectives: This study sought to identify older patients’ perceptions of primary care providers’ influence on their likelihood of improving diet and physical activity.Methods: 104 adults ages 65 and older were interviewed immediately following a routine primary care visit about their plans and motivations for behavior change and how their clinic visit would influence their likelihood of making lifestyle changes. All interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed using a constant comparison approach.Results: Participants reported that their providers influence their health behaviors by developing strong relationships, addressing concerns and encouraging change, and providing concrete instruction. When providers did not discuss diet or physical activity, or mentioned these topics only briefly, participants often perceived the message that they should continue their current behaviors.Conclusions: Whether and how diet and physical activity are discussed in primary care influences the likelihood th...
Dextran hydrogels by crosslinking with amino acid diamines and their viscoelastic properties

Amine functionalized polysaccharide hydrogels such as those based on chitosan are widely examined as biomaterials. Here we set out to develop a facile procedure for developing such hydrogels by crosslinking dextran with amino acid diamines. The dextran-amino acid gels were formed by the addition of the amino acid diamines to a dextran and epichlorohydrin solution once it became homogeneous. This was demonstrated with three amino acid diamines, lysine, lysine methyl ester, and cystine dimethyl ester. Hydrogel networks with albumin entrapped were also demonstrated. These hydrogels were characterized by FTIR, SEM, rotational rheometry, swelling studies and cell biocompatibility analysis. These hydrogels showed the unexpected pH-responsive behavior of greater swelling at more basic pH, similar to that of an anionic hydrogel. This is uncharacteristic for amine functionalized gels as they typically exhibit cationic hydrogel behavior. All hydrogels showed similar biocompatibility to that of dextran crosslinked without amino acids.
Are public opinion polls doomed

Polling problems in recent elections have called into question whether sample surveys can still produce valid data. A new study provides reassurance.
Subcutaneous and Deep Mycoses

Invasive aspergillosis is the most common opportunistic fungal infection in the hematopoetic stem cell transplant patient. Prior to the regular use of antifungal prophylaxis, invasive fungal infections caused by Candida were the most common infection, followed by infection by Aspergillus.1 In the 1990s, 90% of Aspergillus infections were due to A. fumigatus; however A. flavus, A. terreus, A. niger, and A. versicolor are all potential causes of invasive aspergillosis. A. flavus, followed by A. niger, is the most common cause of primary cutaneous disease while A. fumigatus more commonly causes disseminated disease.2 A. glaucus, A. chevalieri, and A. ustus are rare causes of cutaneous disease.3
Initiation Ceremonies and Rites of Passage

The social stage of adolescence is examined from a cultural perspective according to initiations and rites of passage. The first part of the article focuses on these ceremonies as performed within traditional societies. The rites of passage model is articulated according to the three sequences of separation, transition, and incorporation. The functions and desired impacts of these ceremonies are reviewed. Distinctions in the practice of initiations and rites of passage are addressed according to timing and gender. The latter half of the article explores the nature of adolescent initiations and rites of passage in contemporary Western society according to their expression within faith-based, school-based, societal-based, and culturally-based contexts. Adolescent-constructed initiations are examined relative to their problem-based nature which, interestingly, is shown in the corollary of youth interventions based on the rites of passage model. The article concludes with summarizing remarks on the practice of adolescent initiations in the twenty-first century.
Nodular pulmonary immunoglobulin light chain deposits with coexistent amyloid and nonamyloid features in an HIV-infected patient.

Isolated nodular pulmonary amyloidosis is a rare condition characterized by localized deposits of immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain amyloid. Nonamyloid nodular light chain deposits in lungs can occur in systemic light chain deposition disease. Both amyloid and nonamyloid light chain deposits have been described at separate sites in the same or different organs but rarely in lungs. We report the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings in a drug user infected with the human immunodeficiency virus who had multinodular pulmonary Ig light chain deposits consisting of both amyloid and nonamyloid granular morphologic features. The deposits, closely associated with numerous plasma cells, had a unique histochemical and ultrastructural profile, with intermixed Congo red-positive fibrillar amyloid and Congo red-negative granular nonamyloid components. Immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopic studies showed reactivity of both the fibrillar and granular deposits for kappa and lambda light chains but not heavy chains. There was no evidence of restricted clonality of local or bone marrow plasma cells, serum or urine monoclonal protein, or secondary causes of amyloidosis. The amyloid deposits (but not the nonamyloid deposits) were reactive with antibody to amyloid rho component. There was no staining for other types of amyloid, i.e., amyloid A or transthyretin. The relationship between pulmonary amyloidosis, infection with the human immunodeficiency virus, and illicit drug use is unknown. We conclude that the nodular pulmonary light chain deposits with both amyloid and nonamyloid morphologic features are related to local plasma cell proliferation and that the fibrillar and nonfibrillar components most likely result from different conformations of the Ig light chains.
An exploratory study of networks constructed using access data from an electronic health record

Network analysis may be a powerful tool for studying interprofessional practice. Using electronic health record data and social network analysis, the network of healthcare professionals involved in...
Role of Ca2+ ATPase and Plasma Membrane Ca2+ Pump in Ca2+ Transport by the Mammalian Kidney

Current evidence suggests that Ca2+ transport in the distal nephron involves transit of Cat2+ through the epithelial cells and movement out of these cells on the basolateral side via the ATP-powered plasma membrane Caz2+ pump.
Surgical Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Improves Long-Term Survival: A Multicenter Analysis

Background The Society of Thoracic Surgeons guidelines recommend surgical ablation (SA) at the time of concomitant mitral operations, aortic valve replacement, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and aortic valve replacement plus CABG for patients in atrial fibrillation (AF). The goal of this analysis was to assess the influence of SA on long-term survival. Methods A retrospective analysis of 20,407 consecutive CABG or valve procedures from 2008 to 2015 among seven centers reporting to a prospectively maintained clinical registry was conducted. Patients undergoing operation with documented preoperative AF were included (n = 2,740). Patients receiving SA were compared with patients receiving no SA. The primary end point was all-cause mortality. Secondary end points included in-hospital morbidity and mortality. Results The frequency of SA was 23.1% (n = 634), and an increase was seen in the rate of SA over the study period (p Conclusions In a multicenter cohort of patients with AF, concomitant SA resulted in substantially improved long-term survival across patients who underwent CABG, valve, and valve plus CABG. These findings support current guidelines from The Society of Thoracic Surgeons that recommend broader application of concomitant SA.
Managing and Accounting for Multiple Stakeholders

In this paper I argue that through the research summarized in this short article, substantial progress has been made in overcoming three fundamental barriers to the adoption of multiple corporate objectives, thereby to enable managing and accounting for multiple stakeholders. These three fundamental barriers are: (1) that top managers cannot be conceptualized philosophically as multiple-objective decision makers; (2) that there is no decision making mechanism to support multi-objective decision making by managers; and (3) that even if the first two barriers could be cleared, it appears not to be possible to account for the interests of stakeholders who are outside the corporate entity.
The Role of the Ethicist in an Interdisciplinary Transgender Health Care Team

Unique ethical issues arise in the provision of gender-affirming care to transgender and gender diverse people. One of the distinctive trends in transgender health care has been the development of interdisciplinary specialty teams with expertise in gender-affirming care. Clinical ethicists can play an important role on these teams in helping gender variant patients and gender-affirming providers navigate complex ethical issues, creating opportunities for enhancing patient experience, and easing provider moral uncertainty. Many opportunities exist for clinical ethicists to lend their skills to this area of clinical care. It is important for interdisciplinary transgender health care teams and other health care professionals providing transgender-specific care to understand the ethical issues involved in such care, the ways in which ethics expertise can be a resource, and the benefits and drawbacks of integrating a clinical ethicist into their team.
Preparation of glutamate dehydrogenase from Micrococcus aerogenes.

Abstract Extracts of Micrococcus , aerogenes display an unusually high specific activity for glutamate dehydrogenase. Evidence is presented that as much as 10% of the total protein consists of this enzyme. A procedure is given for a typical extract in which approximately a 20-fold purification of the enzyme yielded a homogeneous protein as indicated by analytical gel electrophoresis. The pure enzyme can utilize either DPNH or TPNH in the direction of glutamate formation, but we have been able to demonstrate the reverse reaction only with DPN. Some preliminary experiments designed to explain the failure of the enzyme to utilize TPN are reported.
The evolving role of anabolic therapy in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Purpose of reviewMany physicians have long considered anabolic osteoporosis medication to be the last resort for patients after multiple fractures have already occurred. Thinking is evolving toward the view that anabolic agents should be used more proactively earlier in patients who are at high risk
Propensity score-integrated composite likelihood approach for augmenting the control arm of a randomized controlled trial by incorporating real-world data

In this paper, a propensity score-integrated composite likelihood (PSCL) approach is developed for cases in which the control arm of a two-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) (treated vs control) is augmented with patients from real-world data (RWD) containing both clinical outcomes and covariates at the patient-level. RWD patients who were treated with the same therapy as the control arm of the RCT are considered for the augmentation. The PSCL approach first estimates the propensity score for every patient as the probability of the patient being in the RCT rather than the RWD, and then stratifies all patients into strata based on the estimated propensity scores. Within each propensity score stratum, a composite likelihood function is specified and utilized to down-weight the information contributed by the RWD source. Estimates of the stratum-specific parameters are obtained by maximizing the composite likelihood function. These stratum-specific estimates are then combined to obtain an overall population-level estimate of the parameter of interest. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated via a simulation study. A hypothetical two-arm RCT and a hypothetical RWD source are used to illustrate the implementation of the proposed approach.
CDFShop: Exploring and Optimizing Learned Index Structures

Indexes are a critical component of data management applications. While tree-like structures (e.g., B-Trees) have been employed to great success, recent work suggests that index structures powered by machine learning models (learned index structures) can achieve low lookup times with a reduced memory footprint. This demonstration showcases CDFShop, a tool to explore and optimize recursive model indexes (RMIs), a type of learned index structure. This demonstration allows audience members to (1) gain an intuition about various tuning parameters of RMIs and why learned index structures can greatly accelerate search, and (2) understand how automatic optimization techniques can be used to explore space/time tradeoffs within the space of RMIs.
Efficacy Validation of the Revised First Step Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial:

Disruptive behavior problems frequently emerge in the preschool years and are associated with numerous, long-term negative outcomes, including comorbid disorders. First Step is a psychosocial early...
Considerations of Low Health Literacy during the COVID-19Pandemic

The Coronavirus (COVID–19) pandemic has had devastating effects throughout the United States and the world. Recent numbers indicate that approximately 250,000 people in the United States have died from COVID-19, while over 150,000 new cases are announced each day. The numbers of people affected, and the latest Covid research findings have been reported several times a day. Despite the reports, directions, mandates, and recommendations of public health officials, the number of people with COVID-19 continues to climb. Medical information has been reported by the media, medical officials, press briefings, social media, and through social interactions, but that information has often been confusing, conflicting, misleading, and fear inducing for many. Individuals with low health literacy may be impacted by COVID–19 more heavily and more frequently than individuals with proficient health literacy levels due to their inability to understand and carry out health safety recommendations.
“Cell Phones Under the Table”: Meeting Students’ Needs to Reduce Off-Task Smartphone Use Through Faculty–Student Collaboration:

While technology offers educators many affordances to provide students with rich educational experiences, literature and empirical experience indicates that students’ unstructured cell phone usage ...
Who are we? How did we get here? And where are we going? New questions, new concepts, new ideas and the role of ascriptive categories in political life: a special edited collection of essays

In January, the American President, accused of seeking foreign assistance to delegitimize one of his strongest Democratic opponents in the November election, faced an impeachment trial COVID-19, a deadly new virus, threatened to create havoc in the American economy and kill scores of citizens, especially members of minority communities Little did we know or could imagine that such scenes would be repeated eight months later at the nation's capital where rioters goaded by the President's claims that the 2020 election was “stolen,” attacked the Capitol building
Pragmatic comparative effectiveness study of multimodal fascia iliaca nerve block and continuous lumbar epidural-based protocols for periacetabular osteotomy.

Perioperative pain management protocols have a significant impact on early surgical outcomes and recovery. We hypothesized that multimodal protocol including fascia iliaca compartment nerve block (MM-FICNB) would decrease the length of hospital stay (LOS) by facilitating earlier mobilization, without compromising analgesia, compared to a traditional lumbar epidural-based protocol (EP). Demographics/comorbidities, surgical/block characteristics and perioperative pain/mobilization data were collected from a prospectively recruited MM-FICNB group (N = 16) and a retrospective EP cohort (N = 16) who underwent PAO using similar surgical techniques, physical therapy/discharge criteria. Association of MM-FICNB group with LOS (primary outcome), postoperative pain, postoperative opioid requirements in morphine equivalent rates (MER) (mcg/kg/h) and time to complete physical therapy were tested using multivariable and survival regression. Patient and surgical characteristics were similar between groups. Median time for FICNB performance was significantly less than epidural (6 versus 15 min; P < 0.001). LOS was significantly decreased in the MM-FICNB group (2.88 ± 0.72 days) compared to the EP group (4.38 ± 1.02 days); P < 0.001. MM-FICNB group had significantly lower MER on POD1 (P = 0.006) and POD2 (P < 0.001), with similar pain scores on all POD. MM-FICNB group was associated with decreased LOS and earlier mobilization (P < 0.001) by covariate-adjusted multivariate regression. Cox proportional hazard regression model showed MM-FICNB subjects had 63 (95% CI 7-571, P < 0.001) times the chance of completing physical therapy goals, compared to EP. Compared to EP, MM-FICNB protocol allowed earlier mobilization and decreased post-surgical hospitalization by 1.5 days, without compromising analgesia, with important implications for value-based healthcare and cost-effectiveness.
Evaluation method of fatigue strength for carbody of high-speed train under influence of aerodynamic loads

The design requirements of aerodynamic loads in domestic and overseas carbody design standards were compared.The transient pressure waves of carbody sidewall were analyzed when trains passing by each other.The transient pressures were changed into the aerodynamic loads by using time integration method.Based on the code BS EN 12663-1—2010,the fatigue load conditions combined with aerodynamic loads were defined.Taking a head car of EMUs(electric multiple units)as research object,the finite element model of carbody was established.The fatigue characteristic of carbody was analyzed by using the post-processing program based on Goodman curves of carbody fatigue strength.Computation result shows that under considering aerodynamic load conditions,the high-stress amplitudes mostly appear at the door's corners and the window's corners of carbody sidewall,while the high-stress amplitudes mostly appear on underframe without considering aerodynamic loads.Under the fatigue load conditions,themaximum stress amplitude is 33.63 MPa and the fatigue strength safety factor is 2.26 at the corners,while the stress amplitudes are smaller than 10.00 MPa and the safety factors are larger than 10.00 on the underframe.The maximum Von-Mises stress of sidewall is 85.31 MPa with considering aerodynamic loads,and increases by 25.14% compared with 68.17 MPa under only considering vertical loads,so the aerodynamic loads have larger influence on sidewalls and easily result in their fatigue failure.In the carbody design of high-speed train,the fatigue strength of carbody should be evaluated by considering aerodynamic loads.4tabs,9figs,21 refs.
Nonsquamous Lesions of the Vulvar Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue: A Review (Part 1).

Objectives This article aimed to review "nonsquamous lesions of the vulvar skin and subcutaneous tissue" clinically and pathologically, based on the fifth edition of the World Health Organization tumor classification. Materials and methods A database search of PubMed and Google Scholar was performed between 1970 and 2021, using the search terms "vulva," "lower genital tract," and "nonsquamous lesions." The search was limited to "humans," "gynecopathology," and "dermatopathology." Full article texts were reviewed. Reference lists were screened for additional articles. We excluded articles written in the non-English language and abstracts. Results A list of 600 articles was identified. Another screening identified 68 articles for clinicopathological features of nonsquamous lesions of the vulvar skin and subcutaneous tissue. In the first part of this review, we cover 5 major groups of nonsquamous lesions of the vulvar skin and subcutaneous tissue including (1) glandular tumors and cysts, (2) adenocarcinomas of other types, (3) germ cell tumors of the vulva, (4) neuroendocrine neoplasia, and (5) hematolymphoid hyperplasia and neoplasia. The rest of the major topics including mesenchymal tumors of the lower genital tract, melanocytic lesions, and metastasis will be discussed in the second part of this review. Conclusions Clinicopathological features of nonsquamous lesions of the vulvar skin and subcutaneous tissue as categorized by the updated World Health Organization classification are presented.
ReadUp: a widget for reading

User interfaces for digital library systems must support a wide range of user activities. They include search, browsing, and curation, but perhaps the most important is actual reading of the items in the library. Support for reading, however, is usually relegated to applications which are only loosely integrated with the digital library system. One reason for this is the absence of toolkit widget support for the activity of reading. Most user interface toolkits instead provide support for either text editing or text presentation, making it difficult to write applications which support reading well. In this paper we describe the origins, design, and implementation of a new Java Swing toolkit widget called ReadUp, which provides support for reading page images in a digital library application, and discuss briefly how it is being used.