cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Koopmans-based analysis of the optical spectra of p-phenylene-bridged intervalence radical ions.

Forumla chem. . The optical spectra of 10 p-phenylene-bridged delocalized intervalence compounds MC 6 H 4 M . - or . + are analyzed using the Koopmans-based method, which considers only transitions from filled orbitals to the singly occupied orbital (SOMO), called Hoijtink type A transitions, and from the SOMO to unoccupied orbitals, Hoijtink type B transitions, and ignores configuration interaction. The radical ions with quinonoid structures, those that form ring-M double bonds with M = C(CN) 2 , NMe 2 , 3-oxo-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1], NPPh 3 , and O when the odd electron of the intervalence oxidation level is removed, are calculated to have the lowest-allowed type B transition lying mostly above the lowest-allowed A transition, with B i - A j decreasing in the order shown from +14 370 to -1390 cm - 1 , and the more intense second-lowest-allowed type B transition B i - A j from +14 940 to +7070 cm - 1 . The five radical anions with benzenoid structures, which form ring-M single bonds with X = CN, CO 2 Me, CHO, C 3 HMeBF 2 O 2 , and NO 2 when the odd electron of the intervalence oxidation level is removed, have a B i - Aj value of the opposite sign that increases in magnitude from -2880 to -17 050 cm - 1 in the order shown. Configuration interaction is of course present in the observed spectra, and the predictions ignoring it mostly overestimate transition energies by 1900-2600 cm - 1 for the quinonoid compounds (but by 450 cm - 1 for the M = C(CN) 2 radical anion), and by 1000-1400 cm - 1 for the benzenoid compounds (2500 cm - 1 for the M = CN radical anion). The very simple Koopmans-based model is useful for considering the optical spectra of these radical ions.
Double-orifice left atrioventricular valve in patients with atrioventricular septal defects: surgical strategies and outcome.

Background The surgical management of double orifice left atrioventricular valve (DOLAVV) in atrioventricular septal defects (AVSD) can be challenging and has important surgical implications. Methods Between 1961 and 2009, 44 patients with DOLAVV associated with AVSD were reviewed; this constituted 6.7% of cases of AVSD. The median age at operation was 6.6 years (range 2 months–70 years). DOLAVV was associated with partial, intermediate, and complete AVSD in 28 patients (64%), 1 patient (2%), and 15 patients (34%), respectively. Results Forty-one patients (93%) had partial or complete closure of the zone of apposition (ZOA), and in 3 patients (7%), the ZOA was left open. The accessory orifice was found to be regurgitant in 4 patients, and in all 4 patients it was closed. Four patients had partial annuloplasties. Early mortality consisted of 1 death (2.2%). This was a patient in whom the tissue bridge was divided and severe regurgitation resulted. Median follow-up was 10.3 years (maximum, 36 years). Three adult patients required mitral valve replacement for severe mitral regurgitation (MR) at 3, 11, and 20 years, respectively. Two of these patients experienced progression of MR resulting from an unsutured ZOA. There were 3 late deaths (6%). One death occurred after mitral valve replacement and the others died of noncardiac causes. No patient had hemodynamically significant mitral stenosis. Conclusions Repair of DOLAVV in AVSD can be performed with low risk, excellent late survival, and freedom from reoperation. The ZOA is typically closed unless the valve area appears small. In the majority of patients, the accessory orifice is competent and can be left alone. Late repeated repair may be difficult because of leaflet dysplasia.
Laser-based additive manufacturing: where it has been, where it needs to go

It is no secret that the laser was the driver for additive manufacturing (AM) of 3D objects since such objects were first demonstrated in the mid-1980s. A myriad of techniques utilizing the directed energy of lasers were invented. Lasers are used to selectively sinter or fuse incremental layers in powder-beds, melt streaming powder following a programmed path, and polymerize photopolymers in a liquid vat layer-by-layer. The laser is an energy source of choice for repair of damaged components, for manufacture of new or replacement parts, and for rapid prototyping of concept designs. Lasers enable microstructure gradients and heterogeneous structures designed to exhibit unique properties and behavior. Laserbased additive manufacturing has been successful in producing relatively simple near net-shape metallic parts saving material and cost, but requiring finish-machining and in repair and refurbishment of worn components. It has been routinely used to produce polymer parts. These capabilities have been widely recognized as evidenced by the explosion in interest in AM technology, nationally. These successes are, however, tempered by challenges facing practitioners such as process and part qualification and verification, which are needed to bring AM as a true manufacturing technology. The ONR manufacturing science program, in collaboration with other agencies, invested in basic R&D in AM since its beginnings. It continues to invest, currently focusing on developing cyber-enabled manufacturing systems for AM. It is believed that such computation, communication and control approaches will help in validating AM and moving it to the factory floor along side CNC machines. © (2014) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
What can we learn from Shakespeare about “bad” leaders?

In his article, “Educational Research: The Hardest Science of All,” policy scholar David Berliner (2002) asserts that “no unpoetic description of the human condition can ever be complete” (p. 20). Berliner's words echo the epistemological and methodological climate of late 1970s and early 1980s social science research, a phase often characterized as the “literary turn.” In this historical moment, social science scholars turned to interdisciplinary sources, most notably literary theory and the humanities, for new means of addressing the ineffable, aesthetic aspects of human activity. This work and emphasis remains a prominent, growing genre within several fields, exemplified by widespread recognition of Margaret Wheatley's poetic approach to leadership inquiry and pedagogy (2009), frequent inclusion of aesthetic works in leading research journals (such as Qualitative Inquiry), and recent creation of arts- and humanities-based educational research criteria for submissions to the American Educational Research Association's annual conference and sponsored journals. No field of inquiry better illustrates the need to understand human activity as “poetic” than leadership, which is perhaps the quintessential marker of social existence. Accordingly, in this symposium we wish to explore how such interdisciplinary approaches, specifically those grounded in the humanities, have manifested in leadership inquiry and pedagogy. It is our hope that this collection of essays will illustrate the breadth and depth of the field of leadership studies, as well as offer our readers new perspectives and inspiration in their own research and practice.
A Method for Calculating Turbulent Boundary Layers and Losses in the Flow Channels of Turbomachines.

An interactive inviscid core flow-boundary layer method is presented for the calculation of turbomachine channel flows. For this method, a one-dimensional inviscid core flow is assumed. The end-wall and blade surface boundary layers are calculated using an integral entrainment method. The boundary layers are assumed to be collateral and thus are two-dimensional. The boundary layer equations are written in a streamline coordinate system. The streamwise velocity profiles are approximated by power law profiles. Compressibility is accounted for in the streamwise direction but not in the normal direction. Equations are derived for the special cases of conical and two-dimensional rectangular diffusers. For these cases, the assumptions of a one-dimensional core flow and collateral boundary layers are valid. Results using the method are compared with experiment and good quantitative agreement is obtained.
SIGCAS, CAS, HCI & sustainability

Greetings from 35,000 feet! I am en route from my home in Grinnell, Iowa to Sydney, Australia to participate in a workshop on---oddly enough---environmental sustainability. Reducing negative environmental impacts is a current hot topic in my field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI); indeed, so much so that I've seen at least one researcher (Bill Tomlinson of UC Irvine) reduce his carbon footprint by using iChat to remotely present a conference paper. Computing technology has a tremendous capacity both to make the problem worse and to help us make wiser choices.
The role of chemical reactions in the preparation of metal surfaces by abrasion

Abstract Although the grinding of metals is primarily a physical process, chemical reactions at the surface of the metal or abrasive grain play a major role in determining the efficiency of the process. In the case of mild steel, the absence of atmospheric oxygen makes grinding almost impossible. However, other reactive group VIA and VIIA compounds improve grinding performance even more than oxygen, and such compounds are therefore usually incorporated in commercial grinding fluids.
Axoplasmic transport of norepinephrine in the locus coeruleus-hypothalamic system in the rat

The axoplasmic transport of norepinephrine (NE) between the nucleus locus coeruleus (LC) and the hypothalamus has been measured by three methods which employ the stereotaxic injection of [3H]catecholamines in the rat brain. [3H]NE is synthesized from [3]dopamine (DA) injected into the LC and transported at a rate of 0.8–0.9 mm/h. This rate is probably an underestimate since it includes the time required for uptake and conversion of [3H]DA to [3H]NE prior to transport. Measurement of transport of [3H]NE between the posterior and anterior hypothalamus gives a rate of 2 mm/h which is independent of [3H]DA uptake and [3H]NE synthesis. This rate is in good agreement with the 1.9 mm/h figure calculated for [3H]NE transport in the system after LC injection of [3H]NE and represents a closer estimate of the true rate of axoplasmic transport than the 0.8–0.9 mm/h estimate. Transport of [3H]NE occurs through primarily ipsilateral NE fibers running in the median forebrain bundle and is blocked by 6-hydroxydopamine lesions in the bundle. Early appearing [3H]NE in the hypothalamus forms a relatively stable pool which is unaffected by median forebrain bundle lesions and is essentially unchanged by [3H]NE transported from the LC. This pool appears to be derived from non-specific spread of [3H]DA after injection, probably through the cerebrospinal fluid.
Follicle-stimulating hormone secretion in monosodium glutamate-lesioned rats: Response to unilateral gonadectomy or porcine follicular fluid (inhibin)

Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine the acute response of pituitary FSH and LH release to unilateral gonadectomy in the MSG-treated rat, and to determine whether pFF (inhibin) can act effectively on pituitary FSH secretion in the MSG-lesioned rat. MSG (4 mg/kg B.W.) or saline was injected subcutaneously on postnatal days 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 to male and female littermates which were used in the experiments after postnatal day 60. In the first experiment male and female littermates were bilaterally gonadectomized and bled serially for the next 72 h. At Oh plasma FSH concentrations in MSG treated rats were lower (p
Calibration and Use of the Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS 3300)

The Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS) has been in use at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) for over two years, beginning with a prototype model and more recently with a commercial version (Model 3300). The APS has been tested and used in a variety of laboratory and field situations. It has been a very useful instrument for testing aerodynamic sizing devices and provided a much needed means of rapid aerodynamic sizing of particles. Limits to the accuracy of the APS in determining aerodynamic diameter of particles were investigated. The calibration of the APS was originally carried out by using monodisperse di-octyl phthalate (DOP) oil aerosol in the 3–15 μm range. Using a laser imaging system, the flattening of droplets into oblate spheroids was observed for larger particles (20–100 μm). The APS was recalibrated with solid latex particles and the DOP particles were measured to determine the effect of the droplet flattening. A 15 μm droplet is measured as being 20% smaller by ...
Pleiotropic nuclear defects associated with a conditional allele of the novel nucleoporin Rat9p/Nup85p.

Abstract In a screen for mutants defective in nucleocytoplasmic export of mRNA, we have identified a new component of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae nuclear pore complex (NPC). The RAT9/NUP85 (ribonucleic acid trafficking) gene encodes an 84.9-kDa protein that we have localized to NPCs by tagging the RAT9/NUP85 gene with the in vivo molecular marker Green Fluorescent Protein. In cells containing either the rat9-1 allele or a complete deletion of the RAT9/NUP85 gene, poly(A)+ RNA accumulates rapidly in nuclei after a shift from 23 degrees C to 37 degrees C. Under these same conditions, rapid fragmentation of the nucleolus was also observed. At the permissive growth temperature in rat9-1 or RAT9 deletion strains, the nuclear envelope (NE) becomes detached from the main body of the nucleus, forming long thin double sheets of NE. NPCs within these sheets are clustered and some appear to be locked together between opposing sheets of NE such that their nucleoplasmic faces are in contact. The Rat9/Nup85 protein could not be detected in cells carrying a mutation of RAT2/NUP120, suggesting that Rat9p/Nup85p cannot be assembled into NPCs in the absence of Rat2p/Nup120p. In contrast,Rat9/ Nup85 protein was readily incorporated into NPCs in strains carrying mutant alleles of other nucleoporin genes. The possible role of Rat9p/Nup85p in NE integrity and the loss of nucleoporins when another nucleoporin is mutant or absent are discussed.
The "blind side" of the medial meniscus:

The major posterior insertion of the medial meniscus is not into the tibial plateau proper but into a rather deep recess behind the intercondylar eminence.The shape of the meniscus in relation to the curve of the meniscotome and its angle of approach, and also the surgeon's inability to see posteriorly from an anterior incision make posterior capsular incision desirable in many cases. A poster omedial incision, added to the normal anteromedial one in 40 of 215 medial meniscectomies, did not increase perioperative morbidity.
Use of conditional additivity in circuits with exponential nonlinearities

A new methodology is proposed for analysis and simulation of circuits with exponential nonlinearities. It is shown that the additivity, a property of superposition, works here provided that the devices are conditioned after each application of supply sources. The methodology is used for circuits with p-n junction diodes, and it is extendable to include bipolar transistors when the devices are replaced by their Ebers-Moll models. As an example a diode circuit is fully discussed and the SPICE simulation results are discussed
Deconstructing Systems of Segregation Leadership Challenges in an Urban School

Special education policies can create structures of segregation and inequality. School leaders are often tasked with dismantling these structures while meeting expectations related to accountability policies. This case study involves a new principal at an urban school in a district with a long history of segregation reassigned to work at one of the more challenging schools in the district. The district had just begun making special education reforms across the district to increase the amount of access students with disabilities have in the general education classroom. The new principal was directed to raise student scores on state-mandated tests and to increase the inclusivity of the school. The case explores issues related to special education law, social justice leadership, response to intervention, school administration, and developing school culture.
Incorporating fuzzy logic admission control in simulation models

Admission control is of great interest in computer, communication and production network applications. As systems become more complex or need to make decision based on multiple objectives or require to satisfy several constraints, fuzzy logic control (FLC) is a natural tool to handle admission problems. We discussed the framework of a tool developed for easily integrating fuzzy logic admission control into Arena simulation models. The tool is implemented as a "drop-in" model block that performs admission control. The block can be configured to perform simple or priority-based admission, as well as multiple queue selection. The FLC "rules" are set through a design-time user interface and stored in an MS Access database. Because multiple FLC blocks may be included in a model, almost any possible admission scenario (multiple entry points, parallel lines, etc) may be modeled. A case study is used to demonstrate the developed framework.
Structure and dynamics from combined neutron scattering and first-principles studies

Abstract Using combined first-principles and neutron-scattering techniques, we have studied the structural and dynamical properties of several materials including solid cubane and protonic-conducting oxides. The measured lattice parameters, atomic positions, and vibrational densities-of-states are compared with those obtained from first-principles calculations. In most cases, good agreement was obtained, even for systems as diverse as molecular solids and oxides. In particular, using the van der Waals solid cubane, we tested density functional theory within the local density approximation (LDA) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). While calculations within the LDA are in good agreement with the experimental data, GGA calculations predict too large a lattice constant and too small a cohesive energy for solid cubane.
Triangulation as a research strategy for identifying invisible colleges among biomedical scientists

Abstract A triangulation strategy, employing a number of network analysis techniques, was implemented in the study of a single social network of biomedical scientists specializing in lipid metabolism research. Here we present the results of co-word analysis of grants awarded to these scientist by the National Institutes of Health, network analysis (NEGOPY) and factor analysis of the scientists' responses on a sociometric roster instrument, preliminary results of a co-citation analysis of their publications, and qualitative analysis of their responses to interviews and questionnaires. The findings are discussed in light of the relative information that the various techniques contribute to the understanding of the social relationships among the members of this scientific speciality.
Biotechnology in Cincinnati Clustering or Colocation

This research, conducted via interviews at 32 biotechnology firms, which provide rare information on actual firm interactions, elucidates the factors that influence the location and growth of the b...
Real-time absorption reduced surface fluorescence imaging.

We introduce a technique that limits absorption effects in fluorescence imaging and does not require extensive imaging processing, thus allowing for video rate imaging. The absorption minimization is achieved using spatial frequency domain imaging at a single high spatial frequency with standard three-phase demodulation. At a spatial frequency f=0.5 mm−1, we demonstrated in both in-vitro phantoms and ex-vivo tissue that the absorption can be significantly reduced. In the real-time implementation, we achieved a video rate of 19 frames/s. This technique has potential in cancer visualization and tumor margin detection.
An early morning surge of prolactin in the male rat and its abolition by pinealectomy.

Groups of normal male rats were bled at 6 PM just before turning out the lights and at different times during the night. Plasma prolactin as determined by radioimmunoassay was unchanged when the second blood sample was taken at approximately 2 AM, began to rise slightly at 3 and was markedly elevated by 5 AM. Even if the lights were left on in the animal room during the night for one night, the 4 AM elevation persisted. The elevations observed in normal rats between 3:30 and 5 AM, whether the lights were off or on, were absent in animals which had been pinealectomized. There was no significant change in the initial 6 PM value of plasma prolactin in pinealectomized animals on comparison with the values observed in normal rats. It is suggested that the early morning rise in plasma prolactin in male rats is mediated by enhanced release of pineal hormones. (Endocrinology 92: 1339, 1973)
Crystallization and orientation studies in polypropylene/single wall carbon nanotube composite

Abstract Crystallization behavior of melt-blended polypropylene (PP)/single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) composites has been studied using optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Polypropylene containing 0.8 wt% SWNT exhibits faster crystallization rate as compared to pure polypropylene. PP/SWNT fibers have been spun using typical polypropylene melt spinning conditions. The PP crystallite orientation and the SWNT alignment in the fibers have been studied using X-ray diffraction and polarized Raman spectroscopy, respectively.
Challenges and new strategies for therapeutic peptide delivery to the CNS

Therapeutic peptides represent a largely untapped resource in medicine today, especially in the central nervous system. Despite their ease of design and remarkably high target specificity, it is difficult to deliver them beyond the blood-brain barrier or into the required intracellular compartments. In addition, the instability of these peptides in vivo precludes their use to combat the symptoms of numerous neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease and spinocerebellar ataxia. In this review, we aim to characterize recent advances in the delivery of therapeutic peptides to the central nervous system past the blood-brain barrier and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the examined methods as well as explore new potential directions.
Teaching NeuroImages: Atypical Wyburn-Mason syndrome.

A 10-year-old boy presented with sudden-onset left leg monoplegia. Imaging ([figures 1][1] and [2][2]) revealed complex vascular malformations involving the brain and spinal cord but ophthalmologic and skin examinations were normal. Wyburn-Mason syndrome is a rare phakomatosis characterized by
Reinforcement Matching Using Region Context

Local feature-based matching is robust to both clutter and occlusion. However, a primary shortcoming of local features is a deficiency of global information that can cause ambiguities in matching. Local features combined with global relationships convey much more information, but global spatial information is often not robust to occlusion and/or non-rigid transformations. This paper proposes a new framework for including global context information into local feature matching, while still maintaining robustness to occlusion, clutter, and nonrigid transformations. To generate global context information, we extend previous fixed-scale, circular-bin methods by using affine-invariant log-polar elliptical bins. Further, we employ a reinforcement matching scheme that provides greater robustness to occlusion and clutter than previous methods that non-discriminately compare accumulated bins values over the entire context. We also present a more robust method of calculating a features dominant orientation. We compare reinforcement matching to nearest neighbor matching without region context and to robust matching methods (RANSAC and PROSAC).
Intractable Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Patients With Meniere's Disease

Objective To provide a detailed description of the coexistence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and Meniere's disease in individuals and to offer a possible mechanism that explains the findings in these patients. Study Design Retrospective. Methods Chart review. Results Of 162 patients diagnosed with Meniere's disease between January 1998 and January 1999, 9 were found to have both “definite” Meniere's disease and “certain” BPPV. Meniere's symptoms preceded the onset of BPPV in all of our patients. Seven of the 9 patients were female. Except for one patient who experienced BPPV bilaterally, BPPV was limited to the same ear as the Meniere's disease. All patients presented with intractable BPPV that did not respond completely to otolith repositioning procedures. A detailed description of five patients is presented. Conclusion Our data, in conjunction with that of others, suggest that Meniere's disease may predispose patients to intractable BPPV. Hydropically induced damage to the maculae of the utricle and saccule or partial obstruction of the membranous labyrinth may be possible mechanisms that explain the coexistence of Meniere's disease and BPPV.
Stress sensors of skeletal muscle: heat shock-induced cytokine expression. Focus on "skeletal muscle interleukin-6 regulation in hyperthermia".

traditionally, the drastic increase in circulating IL-6 and other cytokines seen during exercise was thought to originate from mononuclear cells associated with the general inflammatory response. Activation of the IKK/NF-κB pathway associated with inflammation would lead to the production of IL-6
Direct classification of all American English phonemes using signals from functional speech motor cortex

Objective. Although brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) can be used in several different ways to restore communication, communicative BCI has not approached the rate or efficiency of natural human speech. Electrocorticography (ECoG) has precise spatiotemporal resolution that enables recording of brain activity distributed over a wide area of cortex, such as during speech production. In this study, we sought to decode elements of speech production using ECoG. Approach. We investigated words that contain the entire set of phonemes in the general American accent using ECoG with four subjects. Using a linear classifier, we evaluated the degree to which individual phonemes within each word could be correctly identified from cortical signal. Main results. We classified phonemes with up to 36% accuracy when classifying all phonemes and up to 63% accuracy for a single phoneme. Further, misclassified phonemes follow articulation organization described in phonology literature, aiding classification of whole words. Precise temporal alignment to phoneme onset was crucial for classification success. Significance. We identified specific spatiotemporal features that aid classification, which could guide future applications. Word identification was equivalent to information transfer rates as high as 3.0 bits s −1 (33.6 words min −1 ), supporting pursuit of speech articulation for BCI control.
Globalizing Medical Information The Executive Nurse as a Primary Director

Executive nursing leadership is well qualified to direct the global medical information functions, however the literature does not specifically support this as a reality. This article conceives the challenges of a global medical information department while juxtaposing nurse training and leadership. A robust premise is established to include the advanced practice registered nurse among the list of candidates for executive leadership of the global medical information department. Nursing skills are not limited to entry-level medical information positions; executive-level competencies are uniform with the executive nursing leader. The registered nurse contributes a novel patient care perspective to the interdisciplinary team and will provide added value to all activities under the governing practices for a global medical information department.
An overview of ethnography in healthcare and medical education research

Research in healthcare settings and medical education has relied heavily on quantitative methods. However, there are research questions within these academic domains that may be more adequately addressed by qualitative inquiry. While there are many qualitative approaches, ethnography is one method that allows the researcher to take advantage of relative immersion in order to obtain thick description. The purpose of this article is to introduce ethnography, to describe how ethnographic methods may be utilized, to provide an overview of ethnography's use in healthcare and medical education, and to summarize some key limitations with the method.
Evaluation of overlapping restricted additive schwarz preconditioning for parallel solution of very large power flow problems

The computational bottleneck for large nonlinear AC power flow problems using Newton's method is the solution of the linear system at each iteration. We present a parallel linear solution scheme using the Krylov subspace-based iterative solver GMRES preconditioned with overlapping restricted additive Schwarz method (RASM) that shows promising speedup for this linear system solution. This paper evaluates the performance of RASM with different amounts of overlap and presents its scalability and convergence behavior for three large power flow problems consisting of 22,996, 51,741, and 91,984 buses respectively.
Improving the performance properties of a dipole element closely spaced to a PEC ground plane

A multiple-arm, folded element design is presented that allows a dipole to exhibit a matched impedance and high radiation efficiency when it is very closely spaced (<0.05/spl lambda/) to a perfect electric conductor (PEC) ground plane. Impedance matching and a balanced feed are implemented within the antenna structure so that an external matching network and balun are not required. A dipole element design that exhibits self-resonance, a 46 ohm feed point resistance and a radiation efficiency in excess of 90% is described for a spacing of 0.023/spl lambda/ above a PEC ground plane.
Anterior cruciate ligament tears for the primary care sports physician: what to know on the field and in the office

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are relatively common and can lead to knee dysfunction. The classic presentation is a non-contact twisting injury with an audible pop and the rapid onset of swelling. Prompt evaluation and diagnosis of ACL injuries are important. Acute treatment consists of cessation of the sporting activity, ice, compression, and elevation with evaluation by a physician familiar with ACL injuries and their management. The diagnosis is made with the use of patient history and physical examination as well as imaging studies. Radiographs may show evidence of a bony injury. MRI confirms the diagnosis and evaluates the knee for concomitant injuries to the cartilage, menisci and other knee ligaments. For active patients, operative treatment is often recommended while less-active patients may not require surgery. The goal of this review is to discuss the diagnosis of an ACL injury and provide clear management strategies for the primary-care sports medicine physician.
Photoluminescence detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) binding on diatom frustule biosilica functionalized with an anti-TNT monoclonal antibody fragment

A selective and label-free biosensor for detection of the explosive compound 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in aqueous solution was developed based on the principle of photoluminescence quenching of upon immunocomplex formation with antibody-functionalized diatom frustule biosilica. The diatom frustule is an intricately nanostructured, highly porous biogenic silica material derived from the shells of microscopic algae called diatoms. This material emits strong visible blue photoluminescence (PL) upon UV excitation. PL-active frustule biosilica was isolated from cultured cells of the marine diatom Pinnularia sp. and functionalized with a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from an anti-TNT monoclonal antibody. When TNT was bound to the anti-TNT scFv-functionalized diatom frustule biosilica, the PL emission from the biosilica was partially quenched due to the electrophilic nature of the nitro (-NO2) groups on the TNT molecule. The dose-response curve for immunocomplex formation of TNT on the scFv-functionalized diatom frustule biosilica had a half-saturation binding constant of 6.4 ± 2.4·10(-8)M and statistically-significant measured detection limit of 3.5·10(-8)M. The binding and detection were selective for TNT and TNB (trinitrobenzene) but not RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) or 2,6-DNT (2,6-dinitrotoluene).
J. Lockhart Gibson and the discovery of the impact of lead pigments on children's health: a review of a century of knowledge.

David Rosner, PHDab Gerald Markowitz, PHDac Bruce Lanphear, MD, MPHd One hundred years ago, J. Lockhart Gibson published a seminal article on childhood lead poisoning, "A Plea for Painted Railing and Painted Walls of Rooms as the Source of Lead Poisoning Amongst Queensland Children."1 [The article is reprinted in its entirety beginning on page 301 of this issue of Public Health Reports.} This article marked the beginning of the worldwide uncovering of the role of paint pigments in creating an epidemic of lead poisoning that has damaged literally millions of children in the United States. In his brief review of the situation in early 20th century Australia, Gibson made a series of observations that hold true today as much as they did a hundred years ago. The article described many of the discoveries that scientists have confirmed time and again using more refined technology and epidemiologic methods: Gibson described the importance of lead paint and dust in endangering children who ingest them. Gibson and A. Jefferis Turner, his p?diatrie colleague who was also instrumental in elucidating childhood lead poisoning as a distinct entity,2 described seasonal variation in childhood lead poisoning. Gibson used a wipe sampling method to measure lead-contaminated dust, and proposed ingestion as the primary route of exposure. Finally, four years after Gibson argued for education efforts to prevent lead poisoning,1 Turner concluded, "Prevention is easy. Paint containing lead should never be employed .. . where children, especially young children, are accustomed to play."2 In this commentary, we will discuss the social, cultural, and scientific context of Gibson's work and trace its ongoing legacy, showing how the questions and issues he raised became the basis for future scientific and medical discoveries. A century after Gibson first observed that lead in paint and the dust it produced were a major health threat to children, his work, unfortunately, remains relevant for scientists, clinicians, and historians.34
Older Men’s Blueprint for “Being a Man”:

Does the cultural blueprint for “being a man” direct older men into patterns of conduct and emotions similar to younger men? In the absence of cultural guidelines for aging as a man, this theoretically grounded article discusses the masculinity standards that are likely to influence how older men go about their lives. Framed by Brannon’s mid-1970s conceptualization of masculinity as an ideology, we reexamined existing narrative and interview-based research within ninety-eight prior studies to identify the masculinities voiced by older men. The narratives mirrored Brannon’s four-dimension model of the cultural guidelines for being a man. Masculinity matters, and without unique guidelines for being an older man, men live by and struggle with traditional masculinities that have influenced them across their life course.
Behavioral Medicine for the Health Concerns of the Elderly

Good health is the key to a good life, a long life. “If you have your health, you have everything” is an old saw, often quoted. The attribute of physical health is often used as the primary index for denoting ourselves and others as aged. Health and longevity are inextricably tied.
A java based api for the implementation and maintenance of domain specific collaborative virtual environments

Collaborative virtual environments (CVEs) are environments that actively support human-human communication in addition to human-machine communication and which use the virtual environment as the user interface. The number of domains to which CVEs are being applied is constantly increasing, yet there are currently no standards governing the implementation of CVEs. Not surprisingly, most CVEs are proprietary to some degree, and are difficult to adapt to domains for which they were not originally designed. This dissertation proposes a set of abstractions common to many CVEs and presents an API named CORE (Creation of Reusable Environments) based on these abstractions for the implementation and maintenance of CVEs. Additionally, three case studies were undertaken to validate the API: a chat room, virtual classroom, and traditional multi-user dungeon (MUD). These case studies demonstrate typical uses of the API for creating CVEs. It is the finding of this research that a common set of abstractions can be identified across many CVEs and if harnessed within an API, the implementation of CVEs becomes more convenient and structured.
Online Distributed Sparsity-Aware Canonical Correlation Analysis

The problem of identifying informative sensors that acquire measurements about multiple sources and clustering them according to their source content is considered. Toward this end, a novel canonical correlation analysis (CCA) framework equipped with sparsity-inducing norm-one regularization is introduced to identify correlated sensor measurements and identify informative groups of sensors. It is established that the novel framework is capable to cluster sensors, based on their source content, correctly (with probability one) even in nonlinear settings and when sources do not overlap. Block coordinate techniques are employed to derive a centralized algorithm that minimizes the sparsity-aware CCA framework. The latter framework is reformulated as a separable optimization program which is tackled in a distributed fashion via the alternating direction method of multipliers. A computationally efficient online distributed algorithm is further derived that is capable to process sensor data online. Extensive numerical tests corroborate that the novel techniques outperform existing alternatives.
Perplexing new insight into the dynamics of the EmrE transporter.

The small multidrug resistance (SMR) protein EmrE helps to protect Escherichia coli against the toxic effects of small drug-like molecules that reach the cytosol. EmrE is thought to act by anti-porting bulky aromatic ternary and quaternary cations such as tetraphenylphosphonium+ (TPP+) from the
Toddler Treasures, Inc

DO NOT EDIT CONTENT OF THIS CASE. IT MUCH MATCH CAMBRIDGE BOOK (2009) EXACTLY. FORMATTING MAY BE UPDATED AS NECESSARY. Students must determine the price (rate) and quantity (efficiency) variance for materials and labor used in manufacturing a new product, along with delivery variances. Does the company product manager's decision to change materials appear to be a good one? This start-up company grew from a cottage industry to a manufacturing company.
Absence of Persisting Parenchymal Damage after Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy as Judged by Excretion of Renal Tubular Enzymes

AbstractFour renal tubular enzymes, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, angiotensin-converting enzyme and gamma-glutamyltransferase, were measured in the urine before, and 24 hours and 1 week after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in 20 consecutive patients. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was performed on the Sonolith 2000 device with the patient under intravenous narcotic sedation with fentanyl. Enzymatic activity per gram of urinary creatinine was consistently but not significantly higher before extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy than in control subjects. All 4 enzymes were elevated 24 hours after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, with the increases in beta-galactosidase and angiotensin-converting enzyme being statistically significant. However, by 7 days after the procedure the enzymes had decreased to pre-procedure concentrations or below. These data suggest that any renal tubular damage induced by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy is of limited magnitude and bri...
Monoclonal antibodies and autologous stem cell transplantation for lymphoma

The introduction of monoclonal antibodies into the clinic has paved the way for new approaches to stem cell transplantation for patients with lymphoma. These approaches include the development of new high-dose regimens with radiolabeled antibodies, in vivo purging techniques with the unlabeled antibodies, and post-transplant adjuvant immunotherapy. Numerous trials have demonstrated the feasibility of these approaches. However, questions remain regarding the application of these antibodies including the ultimate efficacy. The recent results of the incorporation of monoclonal antibodies into stem cell transplantation and current research directions are reviewed.
Gavin Hamilton's Oath of Brutus and David's Oath of the Horatii: the Revisionist Interpretation of Neo-Classical Art

Ten years ago, David's Oath of the Horatii seemed a simple painting; though there had been some dispute about its sources, art historians agreed how to interpret it. Now, after commentary by Anita Brookner, Norman Bryson, Thomas Crow, Michael Fried and Thomas Puttfarken, it appears an altogether more complex artwork. This conflict shows, better than Brookner could have known when she published her Jacque Louis David (1960), how "the very function of the art historian is called into question by the genesis of this picture . . . ."2 What today is striking about the older descriptions is both their barren repetitiousness and implausibility.3
Investigating carbon stocks and fluxes in subtropical peatlands using ground penetrating radar (GPR)

Summary Subtropical peatlands are important carbon (C) reservoirs and sources of greenhouse gases such as methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), however the spatial and temporal distribution of these gases is very uncertain, particularly when compared to boreal systems. In this work we present an array of surveys at several locations and scales of measurement using hydrogeophysical methods (and mainly ground penetrating radar, GPR), to better understand biogenic gas dynamics in subtropical peat soils.
ACTH Regulation of Adrenal SR-B1

The adrenal gland is one of the prominent sites for steroid hormone synthesis. Lipoprotein-derived cholesterol esters delivered via scavenger receptor, class B type 1 (SR-B1) constitute the dominant source of cholesterol for steroidogenesis, particularly in rodents. ACTH stimulates steroidogenesis through downstream actions on multiple components involved in steroidogenesis. Both acute and chronic ACTH treatment can modulate SR-B1 function including its transcription, its post transcriptional stability, its phosphorylation and dimerization status, as well as its interaction with other protein partners; all of which result in changes in the ability of SR-B1 to mediate HDL-cholesterol ester uptake and the supply of cholesterol for conversion to steroids. Here we provide a review of the recent findings on the regulation of adrenal SR-B1 function by ACTH.
Levels of Lead in the United States Food Supply

As a result of the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) concern about lead in the food supply, considerable data have been developed in recent years by FDA, other agencies, and industry on the levels of lead in foods. Data obtained on the lead content of milk, eggs, meat, fish, and shellfish indicate that the mean levels in these unprocessed foods varied from 0.02 to about 0.4 ppm, with the lowest level in milk. The major food processing source of lead in food is the lead-soldered can. FDA had assigned top priority to the reduction of lead in foods for infants because of their greater susceptibility to the toxic effects of this metal. The lead levels in foods for infants are now only 1/5 to 1/10 of what they were when FDA expressed its concern about lead to the manufacturers of canned infant formula, evaporated milk, canned infant juices, and glass-packed infant foods. FDA priority interest has now shifted to reduction of lead in adult canned foods, especially those eaten by young children. The mean levels in such foods have decreased from 0.35-0.40 ppm in 1974 to 0.20-0.25 ppm in 1980.
Developments in rapid viral diagnosis.

SUMMARY Rapid viral diagnosis is becoming an integral part of modern medical practice. Although advances in our understanding of viral diseases and in technical developments have encouraged this change in status, progress in antiviral chemotherapy is the major impetus to advances and acceptance of rapid viral diagnosis. Lab tests cannot substitute for the clinical acumen of the physician or the proper collection and delivery of the patient specimen. For most viral diseases, advances have been made in improved rapid virus isolation techniques, better and more widely available immunofluorescence, and immunoenzyme microscopic techniques, with much of the improvement provided by monoclonal antibodies. Enzyme immunoassays for antigen detection are becoming increasingly available, many commercially, and several have been accepted as standard diagnostic methods. Newer techniques, such as latex agglutination-improved enzyme immunoassays and the use of nucleic acid hybridization are under active investigation.
Antenna scattering measurements using a scaled 3-D printed spacecraft model

A method to measure an antenna's performance when mounted to an electrically large and complex-shaped spacecraft is described. In the past, either time-intensive numerical simulations or antenna range measurements of an expensive full-scale model of the spacecraft were used to determine the antenna's performance. An alternative method fabricated a reduced-size scaled spacecraft model using 3-D printing processes. The antenna is also reduced in size by the same scale factor as the spacecraft, but the frequency of operation is increased. This combination of a reduced model and increased radiation frequency is equivalent to the full-scale model in terms of scattering. This approach was used to characterize the degradation of an X-Band low gain antenna (LGA) on NASA's Solar Probe Plus (SPP) Spacecraft. The spacecraft and antenna model were reduced in size by a factor of 4.51 and the radiation frequency was scaled upwards by 4.51, from X-Band to Ka-Band. The model was then measured in a compact antenna range and compared to numerical simulation using HFSS.
On the Coarse Geometry of Lp([a,b])

Coarse geometry deals with the large-scale geometry of a space as opposed to its small-scale structure. This paper investigates the concept of coarse geometry and specifically studies the coarse geometry of spaces regularly encountered in real analysis. We construct a non-separable space that is coarse equivalent to the separable space L1 ([a, b] ,m). Acknowledgements: I would like to thank the WCSU Student Government Association for their financial support and the WCSU Honors Program for making this research possible. I’m indebted to professors David Burns, Samuel Lightwood, and Barry Mittag for all of their help and advice along the way. I would also like to thank the referee and David Rader for their suggestions on improving this paper. Page 2 RHIT Undergrad. Math. J., Vol. 14, no. 2
The Role of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Mechanisms in the Maintenance of the Self-Concept: A Behavioral and Neuroscience Review

According to Wilson and Ross (2003), the self-concept, or the beliefs, attributions, and semantic perceptions that represent who individuals think they are as a person (Shavelson & Bolus, 1982), arises via a bidirectional relationship between autobiographical memory and semantic, or global, perceptions of the self. The reconstruction of past experiences influences current perceptions of the self, and the self, in turn, influences how autobiographical memories are reconstructed and retrieved. Thus, the self is largely a manifestation of the myriad ways in which one perceives themself in the moment in relation to the basic experiences and perceptions that constitute one’s existence.