cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cohesion in texts produced by psychopathic and nonpsychopathic criminal inmates

Although there has been much speculation about psychopaths’ distinctive use of speech, to date there have been no published data documenting that psychopaths communicate any diAerently than others. This study examined the clinical observation that psychopathic speech is poorly integrated compared to that of controls. 39 inmates from a Wisconsin state penitentiary were asked to produce two stories. Cohesion analysis was used to measure how well integrated the narratives were. As predicted by Williamson [Williamson, S. E. (1991). Cohesion and coherence in the speech of psychopathic criminals. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of British Colombia.], psychopathy was associated with a tendency to use fewer cohesive ties per clause. Contrary to the Williamson (1991) predictions, however, psychopaths did not use more incompetent references than controls. Despite its limitations, this study provides a foundation for future work elucidating psychopathic speech. # 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Antitumor Agents LIII: The Effects of Daphnoretin on Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis of Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells

Daphnoretin, a dicoumaryl ether, has been shown to inhibit growth of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. Dosing for three days at 6 mg/kg/day reduced the cell number per milliliter by 60%. In vitro DNA and protein synthesis studies demonstrated an ID50 ≅ 0.194 mM and ID50 ≅ 0.340 mM, respectively, for daphnoretin. Subsequently it has been shown that in vivo nucleic acid and protein synthesis were inhibited. Major sites in the DNA synthetic pathway inhibited significantly by daphnoretin were dihydrofolate reductase, orotidine monophosphate decarboxylase, thymidylate monophosphate kinase, and ribonucleotide reductase. Reduction of in vitro oxidative phosphorylation processes and acid hydrolytic enzymes were also inhibited in the presence of daphnoretin.
Trends in Mineral Supplement Prescriptions From Military Treatment Facilities: 2007 to 2011.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Mineral supplements such as calcium and iron are readily available over the counter and are some of the most frequently consumed dietary supplements. Health care providers also prescribe mineral supplements for treatment of certain conditions and to maintain health. Objective: This study examines trends in mineral-supplement prescriptions dispensed by military treatment facilities. Methods: We examined data from the DoD Pharmacy Data Transaction Service to determine the nature of mineral-supplement prescriptions dispensed by MTFs from 2007 through 2011. Results: Overall, 1,785,158 calcium, 844,655 iron, 166,207 magnesium, and 23,297 zinc prescriptions were dispensed over this 5-year period. Although the number of zinc prescriptions decreased considerably by an average of 30% across the 5-year period, calcium and magnesium prescriptions increased by 3% and 8%, respectively. The number of iron prescriptions dispensed was relatively stable across the 5 years. Conclusions: Patterns of m...
Robotic-assisted outcomes are not tied to surgeon volume and experience

There are little data regarding whether hospital and surgeon factors affect outcomes following robotic-assisted surgery (RAS). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether any such factor was associated with hospital length of stay (HLOS) and complications following common RAS procedures in the State of New York. Following IRB approval, The New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System administrative dataset was used to identify eight common RAS procedures through ICD-9 codes: cholecystectomy, colectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, esophageal fundoplication, pancreatectomy, splenectomy, and gastrectomy between 2008 and 2012. Physician factors evaluated included time since graduation, fellowship status, and number of procedures performed; hospital-level factors included urban versus rural setting, teaching status, hospital size, and the presence of a fellowship. All these factors were further evaluated in multivariable regression models to evaluate for effect on overall complication and HLOS after adjusting for covariates such as patients’ characteristics and comorbidities. There were 1670 patients who underwent RAS with average HLOS of 4.433 days and overall complication rate of 18.8 %. Univariate analysis showed that patients of physicians having fellowship training tended to have higher rate of complication—22.82 versus 13.49 % (P = 0.0055), but these were also sicker patients. In addition, physicians with higher number of procedures had lower complications (P = 0.0138). However, these two factors were not significant after controlling for other covariates. Neither physician- nor hospital-related factors were significantly related to HLOS with or without adjusting for other covariates. Robotic assistance may eliminate the differences between hospitals and physicians.
Medical partnerships for improved patients' outcomes-are they working?

To improve patients’ outcomes, ICC believes that there must be effective partnerships between the four key medical groups whose efforts are needed to benefit patients (Figure 1). The first group includes patient organizations. Patients should let people know what they need, and they need to be represented by patient organizations and patient advocates when decisions are made that affect patients. We should remember that the main reason that medical companies and organizations exist is to improve the welfare of patients. It is a point that is sometimes neglected.
Nonlinear programming strategies on high-performance computers

In this tutorial we discuss fundamental concepts that enable the solution of large-scale structured nonlinear programming problems on high-performance computers. We focus on linear algebra parallelization strategies and discuss how such strategies influence the choice of algorithmic frameworks capable of enforcing global convergence and deal with nonconvexities. We also discuss how the characteristics of different computing architectures influence the choice of algorithmic strategies.
In-hospital weekend outcomes in patients diagnosed with bleeding gastroduodenal angiodysplasia: a population-based study, 2000 to 2011

Background and Aims GI angiodysplastic (GIAD) lesions are an important cause of blood loss throughout the GI tract, particularly in elderly persons. The aim of this study was to determine whether mortality rates in patients with GIAD were higher for weekend compared with weekday hospital admissions. Methods We performed a retrospective study using the National Inpatient Sample database from 2000 to 2011 including inpatients with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code for gastrointestinal GIAD (code 537.82 or 537.83). We assessed rates of delayed endoscopy (examinations performed >24 hours after admission), intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and in-hospital mortality rates. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for mortality. Results There were 85,971 discharges for GIAD between 2000 and 2011, of which 69,984 (81%) were weekday hospital admissions and 15,987 (19%) were weekend admissions. Patients with weekend versus weekday admissions were more likely to undergo delayed endoscopic examination (35% vs 26%, P ≤ .0001). Mortality rates were higher for patients with weekend admissions (2% vs 1%, P = .0002). The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for inpatient mortality associated with weekend admissions was elevated (2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-3.9; P = .0005). Rates of delayed endoscopic examinations were lower in patients with higher socioeconomic status (aOR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.68-0.88). ICU admission rates were higher for weekend compared with weekday admissions (8% vs 6%, P = .004). The presence of a delayed endoscopic examination was associated with an increased length of stay of 1.3 days (95% CI, 1.2-1.4 days). Conclusions Weekend admissions for angiodysplasia were associated with higher odds of mortality, ICU admissions, higher rates of delayed endoscopic procedures, longer lengths of stay, and higher hospital charges.
Cure for the common cold.

Many say that the medical profession suffers from too many cold and distant doctors. Studies have attempted to subject this notion to the scrutiny of science, but we know it's true. Yet we didn't start out that way. And imaginative literature may offer a cure.
Sigma Bond Activation by Cooperative Interaction with ns2 Atoms: B+ + nH2

The reactions of B+ + nH2 to produce BH2+(H2)n-1 have been studied by high-level ab initio techniques. The reaction mechanism and associated activation energy is found to depend dramatically on the number of H2 molecules present. For n = 1, the reaction proceeds stepwise: first breaking the H2 bond and forming one BH bond followed by forming the second BH bond. This process has an activation energy of about 57 kcal/mol. For n = 2, the reaction proceeds via a pericyclic mechanism though a planar cyclic transition state where two H2 bonds are broken while simultaneously two BH bonds and one new H2 bond are formed. The activation energy for this process decreases dramatically from the n =1 value to only about 11 kcal/mol. For n = 3, the reaction proceeds through a true insertion mechanism; however, the actual insertion occurs late in the reaction after over 75% of the exothermicity has been realized. The addition of the third H2 molecule decreases the activation energy to only about 3.4 kcal/mol. For n = 4,...
Thromboplastic potency changes; a result of bacterial action.

SummaryData have been presented which show that a bacterial contaminant identified as B. subtilis caused a sudden deterioration in potency of brain and lung thromboplastic suspensions, which could be prevented by various agents. Some aspects of the functioning of the altered thromboplastic suspensions are presented and their significance discussed.
Biomarkers and Targeted Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) constitutes 90% of pancreatic cancers. PDAC is a complex and devastating disease with only 1%–3% survival rate in five years after the second stage. Treatment of PDAC is complicated due to the tumor microenvironment, changing cell behaviors to the mesenchymal type, altered drug delivery, and drug resistance. Considering that pancreatic cancer shows early invasion and metastasis, critical research is needed to explore different aspects of the disease, such as elaboration of biomarkers, specific signaling pathways, and gene aberration. In this review, we highlight the biomarkers, the fundamental signaling pathways, and their importance in targeted drug delivery for pancreatic cancers.
Hemispheric Specialization and Interhemispheric Integration: Insights from Experiments with Commissurotomy Patients

During the decade following the first edition of this book, methodological advances in a number of related disciplines have greatly enriched our fund of knowledge concerning the role of the corpus callosum in higher brain functions. At the microanatomical level, new tracer techniques have provided a detailed picture of interhemispheric connectivity patterns among functionally specialized cortical areas in anthropoids (for review see Pandya and Seltzer 1986). At the gross anatomical level, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has provided multiplanar, high-resolution images of the living human brain by which to: 1) analyze callosal morphometry; 2) delineate precisely the extent of transection in commissurotomy patients; and 3) correlate in vivo the extent of transection with functional effects (e.g., Gazzaniga et al. 1985, 1989; Oppenheim et al. 1989). At the behavioral level, the facility with which microcomputers can be used to generate stimuli, manipulate specific stimulus features, monitor a variety of response modes, and measure response latencies has enhanced the fine-grained assessment of cognitive, perceptual, and motor functions in neurological patients. Meanwhile, increasing numbers of collaborations among cognitive psychologists and clinical neuroscientists have provided the impetus to combine these methods in pursuit of brain-behavior correlations.
Keynesian Growth Theory in the 21st Century

This paper examines the future of Keynesian growth theory in terms of its relevance, prospects and likely characteristics. To do so, it first defines what it means by Keynesian growth theory, by focusing on the longrun role of aggregate demand, and briefly reviews short- and long-term changes in the world economy to argue that the relevance of Keynesian growth theory will increase in the 21st century. The paper then examines three specific models as examples of possible relevant Keynesian growth models. One of these features endogenous technological change and government investment, a second analyzes the interaction of animal spirits and financial fragility, and a third examines the determinants of growth and distribution in a growth context in which education converts low-skilled workers into high-skilled workers. The paper concludes by summarizing its main implications and by commenting on related methodological and policy issues.
Abstract 2404: Quality assessment of circulating cell-free DNA using multiplexed droplet-digital PCR

Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA Recent proof-of-principle studies have demonstrated potential utility of sequencing cell-free DNA in cancer diagnostics. However, little is understood about the effect of fragment size distributions in plasma DNA on the performance of sequencing-based assays. We developed a multiplexed assay to perform one-step analysis of DNA quantity and integrity from minute amounts of cell-free DNA using picoliter droplet digital PCR. Primers were designed to amplify 5 short PCR products (67-71 bp) and 4 long PCR products (439-522 bp) from independent quiescent regions of the human genome. Oligonucleotide probes targeting each of the short and long products were labeled with fluorescent dyes FAM and TET respectively. We evaluated the performance of our assay using control human genomic DNA sheared using sonication to an average of 150 bp, 300 bp, 500 bp and 1000 bp fragment sizes. We observed that relative quantities of short and long PCR products reflect integrity of sheared input DNA. We further observed that accurate quantification and assessment of integrity could be achieved using picogram amounts of cell-free DNA (as few as 200 pg in current assessments). Finally, our results were predictive of diversity and obtainable depth-of-coverage in next-generation sequencing libraries made from cell-free DNA samples. Citation Format: Tania Contente-Cuomo, Muhammed Murtaza. Quality assessment of circulating cell-free DNA using multiplexed droplet-digital PCR. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2404. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2404
Interventions to enhance breast self-examination practice: a review

Breast self-examination (BSE) is an important component of any program for the early detection of breast cancer. Compared to clinical breast examination and mammography, BSE is relatively safe, low cost, offers monthly assessment, and does not require overcoming barriers associated with access to the medical care system (unless an abnormality is discovered). Over the past decade, considerable research has been directed at encouraging women to perform BSE. This paper reviews 33 intervention studies that vary in the type and intensity of strategies employed, and in the BSE behaviors assessed. In general, more-intensive interventions result in better outcomes. With regard to BSE frequency, the provision of information seems sufficient to obtain BSE initiation but not necessarily adequate to maintain practice or to establish proficiency. The addition of skills training and corrective feedback leads to significantly improved BSE proficiency. Prompts and reminder aids seem also to contribute to long-term frequency. The search should continue for motivational mechanisms regarding BSE frequency, and for creative approaches to teaching and maintaining proficiency.
The Effect of Media on Body Image in Pregnant and Postpartum Women

Much research has found that exposure to certain types of media portrayals of women can be related to body image concerns among women. The current paper focuses on the impact of certain messages on pregnant and postpartum women. These women are rarely examined in a media research context but are particularly vulnerable to body image concerns. This experimental study involved 192 pregnant or postpartum women who read a magazine containing glamorized media portrayals of pregnant/postpartum women or a control magazine. Pregnant women reported lower body image after only five minutes of exposure to the magazine with pregnant/postpartum women compared to the control group. There was no immediate effect on postpartum women. Implications for the media industry, health professionals, and women are discussed.
Banking on Trust as Individual Responsibility: Corporate Finance, Speculation and Global Capital Markets

Overall, it is all about our liberal constitution, which enforces sensible rules of freedom. Globally, fair competition is required (Panama Papers!). The responsible players in economy and politics need to realise: Banking on trust, instead of on failure, is the basis in Germany, Europe and everywhere in the world, in order to prevent a further catastrophe of the ‘corporate’ world and to promote sustainable prosperity in freedom. Worldwide, autocrats, centralism and dehumanization are massively gaining ground: Does freedom have enough responsible friends?
Catalysts of Women’s Talent Development in STEM: A Systematic Review:

Numbers of women in the physical sciences, mathematics, and engineering are growing, yet women are still far outnumbered by men at upper levels of those fields. The purpose of the study is to revie...
A vehicle-based edge computing platform for transit and human mobility analytics

This paper introduces Trellis --- a low-cost Wi-Fi-based in vehicle monitoring and tracking system that can passively observe mobile devices and provide various analytics about people both within and outside a vehicle which can lead to interesting population insights at a city scale. Our system runs on a vehicle-based edge computing platform and is a complementary mechanism which allows operators to collect various information, such as original-destination stations popular among passengers, occupancy of vehicles, pedestrian activity trends, and more. To conduct most of our analytics, we develop simple but effective algorithms that determine which device is actually inside (or outside) of a vehicle by leveraging some contextual information. While our current system does not provide accurate actual numbers of passengers and pedestrians, we expect the relative numbers and general trends to be fairly useful from an analytics perspective. We have deployed Trellis on a vehicle-based edge computing platform over a period of ten months, and have collected more than 30,000 miles of travel data spanning multiple bus routes. By combining our techniques, with bus schedule and weather information, we present a varied human mobility analysis across multiple aspects --- activity trends of passengers in transit systems; trends of pedestrians on city streets; and how external factors, e.g., temperature and weather, impact human outdoor activities. These observations demonstrate the usefulness of Trellis in proposed settings.
Unveiling Covert Abuse

Neglect has been found to adversely influence neurological development, attachment formation, and both child and adult psychopathology. Due to the covert nature of neglect, detection of neglectful parenting may be difficult to determine by both uninformed and informed providers; this may be exceptionally challenging when faced with subtypes of neglect where physical harm is less apparent. Difficulties in establishing a clear definition of neglect have implications for both the research and legal contexts (i.e., incidents of neglect resulting in a referral to child protective services agencies). As a result, it is important to be abreast of associated contextual risk factors, including parental substance abuse or mental health stressors, low SES, and young maternal age, among others. Similarly, problem child behaviors, deficient physical development (i.e., associated with malnutrition), impaired intellectual functioning, and limited peer support may serve as red flags that the child is being reared in an impoverished or neglectful family environment. Consequently, primary care physicians are in a unique evaluative position of monitoring a child’s health and development, and may be able to provide resources to families where neglect is suspected. Teachers may also have the ability to recognize when a child is exhibiting “symptoms” of neglect, such as an inability to grasp grade-appropriate information, coupled with behavioral difficulties, malnourishment, or inappropriate or dirty clothing.
Large-scale public lidar and satellite image data set for urban semantic labeling

Automated semantic labeling of complex urban scenes in remotely sensed 2D and 3D data is one of the most challenging steps in producing realistic 3D scene models and maps. Recent large-scale public benchmark data sets and challenges for semantic labeling with 2D imagery have been instrumental in identifying state of the art methods and enabling new research. 3D data from lidar and multi-view stereo have also been shown to provide valuable additional information to enable improved semantic labeling accuracy. In this work, we describe the development of a new large-scale data set combining public lidar and multi-view satellite imagery with pixel-level truth for ground labels and instance-level truth for building labels. We demonstrate the use of this data set to evaluate methods for ground and building labeling tasks to establish performance expectations and identify areas for improvement. We also discuss initial steps toward further leveraging this data set to enable machine learning for more complex semantic and instance segmentation and 3D reconstruction tasks. All software developed to produce this public data set and to enable metric scoring are also released as open source code.
Cocatalysis: Role of Organic Cations in Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Oxide Electrodes.

Cocatalysis is a promising approach toward enhanced electrocatalytic activity. We report such synergic catalysis involving organic xanthylium-based catalyst, Xan2+, and oxides formed on the electrode surface. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) was observed on some working electrodes (gold, platinum, glassy carbon, boron-doped diamond), while others (titanium and fluorine-doped tin oxide) exhibited no OER activity. On the basis of experimental data and supported by calculations, we propose a mechanism in which oxidized Xan2+ activates electrode toward the rate-determining O–O bond formation. In light of our findings, efficient OER electrocatalysis can be achieved using materials that strongly bind oxygen species and electron-deficient organic cations.
Perceived Effectiveness of Potential Music Piracy Warnings

Because music piracy from the internet imposes fines upon individuals, it is important to construct and test warnings in an effort to curb potentially illegal behavior. Each icon contained an eight...
Phaseless coherent and incoherent microwave ghost imaging with dynamic metasurface apertures

Phase information and spatially coherent illumination have usually been considered indispensable components of most microwave imaging systems. Dynamic metasurface apertures (DMAs)—with their ability to generate spatially incoherent illumination—have recently supplanted these assumptions in favor of simplified imaging hardware. In light of this development, we investigate the coherence of a phaseless imaging system based on metasurface apertures. In doing so, we propose and experimentally demonstrate coherent and incoherent computational microwave ghost imaging using DMAs. These apertures can generate a multitude of distinct speckle fields at a single frequency by modulating the electrical properties of radiating complementary metamaterial elements patterned into the surface of a waveguide. We show that a pair of dynamic apertures, one acting as transmit and the other as receive, can achieve two-dimensional, phaseless, coherent imaging. Further, by averaging the intensity measurements obtained in this manner over a random set or ensemble of receive aperture distributions, we demonstrate that an incoherent imaging system can be achieved in which single-port ensemble averaging by the electrically large DMA plays the role of spatial averaging in a bucket detector. We investigate the effects of these different imaging schemes on the resulting reconstructions and provide experimental demonstrations.
Expanding nursing simulation programs with a standardized patient protocol on therapeutic communication.

Abstract Simulation is used with greater frequency by nursing programs to strengthen the learning process of student nurses. Best practices suggest active learning with the addition of standardized patients engages the student in realistic lifelike scenario. Therefore, the aim of the research study was to have nursing student's self-evaluate classroom learned communication skills through practical application on a standardized mental health patient simulated scenario. Undergraduate nursing students registered for three successive mental health nursing courses during one academic year were recruited. A self-reported pre/post survey measured the nursing student's level of confidence of learned therapeutic communication skills, preparation to engage their skills in clinical experience, and satisfaction with the standardized patient simulated experience. The self-reported online pre/post questionnaire return rate was 72.5% (N-116). The pre/post results suggest the standardized simulated experience enhanced nursing student confidence p
Bureaucratic Tools in (Gendered) Organizations: Performance Metrics and Gender Advisors in International Development:

This article contributes to a growing conversation about the role of numbers in promoting gendered agendas in potentially contradictory ways. Drawing from interviews with gender advisors—the profes...
“Most important is that they figure out how to solve the problem”: how do advisors conceptualize and develop research autonomy in chemistry doctoral students?

While the paths after graduate school are increasingly varied, the central goal of doctoral programs remains to develop independent researchers. Given the important role of doctoral advisors in the socialization and progress-making of doctoral students, we conducted semi-structured interviews with faculty advisors who regularly advise chemistry doctoral students from three chemistry departments with rotation programs for their first-year students. In contrast to existing studies documenting advisee perspectives of research autonomy, this work focuses particularly on the advisor perspective. After open coding these interviews, we found a breadth of ideas and approaches to developing research autonomy. The faculty advisors conceptualized research autonomy in their first-year doctoral students as enthusiasm or curiosity for their research or research area. The advisor’s approaches to developing and promoting autonomy in doctoral students varied widely, and some went so far as to not develop autonomy in new students but to “screen” for it. Finally, different subdisciplines in chemistry provide unique opportunities as well as constraints for advisors and students. We discuss the implications of these findings for doctoral students, advisors of doctoral students, administrators, and research advisors of undergraduate students.
Intrathecal Chemotherapy: An Alternative Treatment Strategy to Prolonged Corticosteroids for Severe CAR T Associated Neurotoxicity

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T) therapy has become a breakthrough treatment option for patients with relapsed and refractory malignancies. Complications, such as neurotoxicity often associated with cytokine release syndrome (CRS), are self-limiting but can be life threatening or fatal. Recently, grade 3-4 neurotoxicity has shown to lower overall survival, with prolonged courses of corticosteroids having no improvement in outcomes. With the lack of efficacy and increased toxicity of high dose corticosteroids, different strategies are needed. At The James Cancer Hospital at The Ohio State University, patients with severe neurotoxicity who have not responded to corticosteroids or have rebound neurotoxicity while on corticosteroids, have been treated with intrathecal (IT) triple chemotherapy (e.g. methotrexate 15mg, cytarabine 40mg, hydrocortisone 50mg). Here, we describe 7 patients who received CD 19-directed CAR T therapy with axicabtagene ciloleucel for non-Hodgkin lymphoma and developed grade 3-4 neurotoxicity. Three patients (43%) had prior CNS disease and 6 patients (86%) had progressive disease at time of CAR T therapy. One patient received CAR T therapy on clinical trial. All patients developed CRS with a max grade of 2 and a median onset of 1 day (range, 0-6). Five patients (71%) received tocilizumab and 2 patients (29%) received siltuximab for persistent CRS. Grade 3-4 neurotoxicity developed in a median of 7 days (range, 5-11). Ferritin levels peaked after high dose corticosteroids and/or tocilizumab was given. Four patients (57%) had no response to corticosteroids and the 3 patients (43%) who initially responded, developed rebound neurotoxicity after corticosteroids were tapered. All patients received 1 dose of IT chemotherapy and had grade 3-4 neurotoxicity at time of administration. Median time to IT chemotherapy from onset of neurotoxicity was 11 days (range, 3-21). Overall, 5 patients (71%) responded to IT chemotherapy with total resolution of neurotoxicity in a median of 11 days (range, 1-18). Administration of IT chemotherapy allowed corticosteroids to be discontinued in a median of 11 days (range, 1-20) in responders. Four patients that were intubated due to severe neurotoxicity were extubated in a median of 3 days (range, 2-5) after IT chemotherapy. The 2 patients that did not respond died from infection. Five patients are still alive with 3 patients in complete response, 1 patient in partial response and 1 patient with progressive disease. Ferritin levels did not correlate with resolution of neurotoxicity. The outcomes of this cohort present a promising alternative to prolonged courses of corticosteroids, which can cause significant toxicities and increase the risk for opportunistic infections. Treatment of severe neurotoxicity with IT chemotherapy that is unresponsive to corticosteroids warrants further evaluation in prospective clinical trials.
Severe anemia, malnutrition, hypotonia and aggravation of the conscious disturbance, methyl malonic acidemia or propionic acidemia?

The patient was a 21 days-old baby girl, admitted to Guangdong Women and Children Hospital because of " poor intake, seldom crying and no activity in 1 day" . The major clinical manifestations included hypotonia, aggravation of the conscious disturbance, pancytopenia, intractable acidosis and hyperammonemia, so, inherited metabolic disorders should be considered.Screening of inherited metabolic diseases with blood and urine samples, genetic test and active treatments were carried out.After targeted next-generation sequencing, a novel homozygotic frame shift mutation in PCCB gene: c.838_839insC (L280Pfs*11) was identified, which was validated by Sanger sequencing.This mutation had not been reported in the mutation database, and bioinformatic analysis of this mutation indicated disease-causing.So, the diagnosis of propionic acidemia was identified.The baby was in a critical condition, and despite active treatment, her conscious disturbance was aggravated, and the spontaneous breathing disappeared.Subsequently, the baby died of pneumonia.Propionic acidemia is a relatively common genetic metabolic disease in newborns.The severity and the clinical phenotypes of propionic acidemia varied, which often made the diagnosis difficult.When the baby is presented with developmental delay, hypotonia, recurrent convulsion and vomiting, etc, which can′t be explained by common diseases of children, propionic acidemia may be considered.Next generation sequencing analysis of the complicated cases can easily to pinpoint a disease-causing gene, which lays a solid foundation for accurate diagnosis and treatment of the patients. Key words: Severe anemia; Malnutrition; Hypotonia; Conscious disturbance; Propionic acidemia; Mutation
Who has to tell their trauma story and how hard will it be? Influence of cultural stigma and narrative redemption on the storying of sexual violence

Although survivors of sexual violence have shared their stories with the public on social media and mass media platforms in growing numbers, less is known about how general audiences perceive such trauma stories. These perceptions can have profound consequences for survivor mental health. In the present experimental, vignette-based studies, we anticipated that cultural stigma surrounding sexual violence and cultural preference for positive (redemptive) endings to adversity in the United States (U.S.) would shape perceptions. Four samples of U.S. adults (N = 1872) rated first-person narratives of 6 more stigmatizing (i.e., sexual violence) or less stigmatizing (e.g., natural disaster) traumatic events. Confirming pre-registered hypotheses, sexual violence trauma (versus other types of trauma) stories were perceived as more difficult to tell, and their storytellers less likeable, even when they had redemptive endings. Disconfirming other pre-registered hypotheses, redemptive (versus negative) story endings did not boost the perceived likelihood or obligation to share a sexual violence trauma story. Rather, redemptive (versus negative) story endings only boosted the perceived likelihood, obligation, and ease of telling other, less stigmatizing types of trauma stories. Findings suggest that sexual violence survivors do not benefit, to the same degree as other survivors, from telling their stories with the culturally valued narrative template of redemption. Clinical and societal implications of the less receptive climate for sexual violence stories are discussed.
An Examination of the Systemic Reach of Instructional Design Models: a Systematic Review

The majority of instructional design models have directed focus on instructional design activities such as analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Criticisms regarding instructional design models have suggested that the use of these models provides instructional designers with a limited view of the design environment. This systematic review seeks to offer guidance and a conceptual framework for how instructional designers can utilize existing instructional design models without excluding the systemic nature of design practices. This review explores how instructional designers are using models and the systemic relationship between the instructional design components typically outlined in a model.
Synopsis of the Chrysoxena Group in Costa Rica, with Descriptions of New Species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Costa Rican members of the Chrysoxena group of genera are reviewed and illustrated. Three of the six genera that comprise the group are found in Costa Rica: Dorithia Powell, 1964 (three species), Cuproxena Powell and Brown, 1991 (ten species), and ThoridiaBrown, 1991 (one species). Five new species of Cuproxena are described: C. altimana, new species; C. casonana, new species; C. obscura, new species; C. monumenta, new species; and C. amistada, new species; along with one new species of Dorithia: D. phillipsae, new species. The male of Cuproxena neonereidana Brown and the female of Thoridia veirsi Brown are illustrated for the first time.
Open Educational Resources and Open Language Learning for Taiwanese Adult Learners

The Internet offers easy access to open resources, especially for educational use. However, the quality of open resources has been constantly criticized. The purpose of this study was to examine English-as-a-Second-Language ESL open educational resources OERs and to make recommendations for designing ESL OER websites that supported open language learning. Both the ESL learning i.e. motivation, learning styles, and learning beliefs and technical i.e., the usability of websites in consideration of the three essential components: information, interaction, and interface aspects were investigated in this study. The study findings showed that the following elements were important in both ESL learning and technical aspects: prior experience, ESL learning characteristics, and ESL learning beliefs. Based on these findings, recommendations for ESL OER web design and implications for open language learning are elaborated.
Septins and a formin have distinct functions in anaphase chiral cortical rotation in the Caenorhabditis elegans zygote.

In early anaphase, the cortex of the Caenorhabditis elegans zygote rotates with a certain handedness. Rotation fails following loss of function of the septins, which scaffold the actomyosin cytoske...
Treating incarcerated lesbian couples with the Tadros Theory of Change

Incarceration is a major systemic issue in the United States. Many couples undergo multifaceted, complex changes in their relationship due to incarceration. The purpose of this paper is to explore ...
THE GUARDIAN AD LITEM FOR CHILDREN IN DIVORCE

The guardian ad litem (GAL) for children in divorce is a relatively new role in this society. However, the role definition of the GAL is vague, and little is written in the literature about this advocate. This article discusses the history and available information about advocates for children in divorce and organizes various conceptualizations of this role along two continua: lawyer—psychologist, and child liberator—child saver.
Using Question Answer Relationships in Science Instruction to Increase the Reading Achievement of Struggling Readers and Students with Reading Disabilities

The Question Answer Relationship (QAR) literacy strategy was integrated into science instruction in a fourth grade classroom. Ten students who struggled with reading, including some who were diagnosed with a reading disability, participated in this study. Significant gains were made in reading by the 10 student participants in comprehending science expository text after a 4- week implementation period. The general education teacher showed an increase in her ability to assist these struggling students after receiving training and constant support over the 4-week instructional period.
Experts and Amateurs: The Role of Experience in Internet Auctions

The use of auctions as a pricing mechanism has grown dramatically over the last few years. The introduction of electronic auctions has significantly widened the pool of consumers who participate in auctions and increased the number of companies attempting to sell their products in an auction format. Previous empirical research on auctions has focused almost exclusively on the behavior of professional bidders in high stakes common value auctions or the behavior of students in laboratory experiments. We collect data on a large number of electronic auctions, across four product categories, to explore the behavior of consumers bidding in a real marketplace. In particular, we focus on the role experience plays in their bidding behavior to uncover whether consumer learning drives the bidding process towards outcomes described in the theoretical literature on auctions. We find that experience does indeed lead to behavior which is more consistent with theory although the proportion of experienced bidders who behave in a manner inconsistent with theory remains quite large.
A Computational Model of Human Vision Based on Visual Routines

We argue that human vision has natural timescales, and that models of human vision at these different timescales are qualitatively different. In particular, at the timescale of a few seconds, human vision can be modeled in terms of two primitive functional routines. A “what” routine determines object identity from a segmented input and a “Where” routine determines the retinal location of a desired object. More complicated functions can be composed from these two. In particular, a complicated visuo-motor task such as copying can be described in terms of these two routines. The primary subroutine needed is one that computes the relationship of the parts of an object with respect to an object-centered frame.
Development of metallized polypropylene capacitor reliability in pulse power systems

The advancement of the Army's electronic lethality and survivability programs requires energy dense capacitors that are capable of being discharged at a rate greater than 20 kA/μs, and can sustain a voltage reversal of 20% of the rated charge voltage. The electrical and mechanical stresses of these requirements inherently cause capacitance loss during the discharge of the capacitor under test. The Army Research Laboratory (ARL), in conjunction with General Atomics (GA), has been working to develop state of the art metalized polypropylene (MPP) capacitors that can withstand the stresses of operating in pulse power systems. This paper will discuss the pulse power test results of various MPP capacitors developed by GA and evaluated by ARL with the goal of maintaining 90% capacitance after enduring 10 charge and discharge cycles where the discharge occurs within tens of microseconds and the peak currents exceed 100 kA. Over the past decade design advancements have been made that yield MPP capacitors with long DC life and high energy density but are also capable of discharge currents and rise times typically reserved for discrete foil capacitors.
Influence of the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Diabetic Clinical Alert on Practice Patterns Results from the National Cardiovascular Network Database

Background— In 1995, the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI) found that patients with diabetes had a survival benefit when treated with surgical revascularization versus balloon angioplasty, prompting a National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) “Clinical Alert.” The influence of the BARI findings and of the Clinical Alert on practice patterns is unknown. Methods and Results— The practice patterns of coronary revascularization among patients with diabetes and multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) were analyzed using data collected in 1994 to 1997 from 13 centers participating in the National Cardiovascular Network. The study population included patients with diabetes and multivessel CAD who underwent elective coronary revascularization (n=9619). Over the 4 years of the study, the Clinical Alert had no significant impact on the proportion of diabetic patients undergoing percutaneous revascularization (28.6% before versus 26.8% after the Clinical Alert; P=0.06). Among individu...
Atmospheric emissions from agricultural burning in California: Determination of burn fractions, distribution factors, and crop-specific contributions

Abstract A survey was conducted to determine the fraction of crop biomass normally burned during each season of the year in California. Information obtained from the survey was used in the development of a new procedure to calculate allowable atmospheric emissions from power generating facilities using fuel that would otherwise be burned in the field. Four crops (rice, almonds, walnuts, and wheat) were found to account for 95% of the total crop residue burned in California (excluding forestry). The new procedure uses seasonal (quarterly) determinations, rather than annual totals, to compute the allowed power plant emissions. Seasonal adjustments will probably reduce the economic incentives to use crop biomass as fuel. New power generation facilities will require enhanced pollution control, seasonal mitigation of emissions, or mitigation of non-agricultural emissions in order to comply with regulated emission levels.
Early short photoperiod effects in female LSH/SsLak Syrian hamsters.

Previous experiments showed that LSH/SsLak female hamsters cease ovarian cyclicity after 2–4 weeks of short photoperiod (SP) treatment. This study was designed to reveal early hormonal and histological changes on day 1 of the estrous cycle (estrus) in SP-treated animals and changes brought about by the SP-induced acyclic condition. Groups of 8–10 animals were killed on day 1 after 0, 4,8,12, and 16 days of SP treatment; sera and pituitaries were saved for hormone determinations, and ovaries were prepared for histological analysis. Intraatrial cannulae were inserted into anovulatory animals, and blood samples were withdrawn on the first and second postoperative days; the animals were killed on the third postoperative day. PRL levels were significantly reduced in cycling animals after 16 days of SP exposure and diminished further in acyclic animals. Pituitary PRL did not change in cycling animals, although it was highly depressed in SP-treated acyclic animals. The estrous FSH surge, serum LH levels, and pit...
Origin of the hemagglutinin on A/Equine/Johannesburg/86 (H3N8): the first known equine influenza outbreak in South Africa.

A severe influenza outbreak occurred in horses in South Africa in 1986. The causative agent was identified as an influenza virus [A/Equine/Johannesburg/86 (H3N8)]. Antigenic analyses of the hemagglutinin (HA) with ferret antisera and monoclonal antibodies showed that the Eq/Johannesburg/86 virus is similar to recent equine H3 viruses. The nucleotide sequence analysis on the HA genes of Eq/Johannesburg/86 and other equine H3 influenza viruses, together with the epidemiological data, clearly demonstrated that the Eq/Johannesburg/86 virus was derived from a virus that had been circulating in horses in the United States in 1986–87. The epidemiological information suggests that the unusually severe influenza outbreak in South Africa may be due to the lack of immunity to these viruses in the horse population.
The structural and political crisis of NATO transformation

Under the moniker of transformation, NATO members initiated reforms that have greatly expanded alliance responsibilities. These reforms have redefined security concerns to encompass terrorism, nuclear-proliferation, and energy security and have enlarged the geographic reach of Article V guarantees by extending membership to 12 East European states. Also, NATO has added two new responsibilities to its mandate: democratisation tasks and global peacekeeping operations. Evidence suggests these ambitious transformation policies are creating instabilities within the alliance. The three transformation spheres of responsibilities – security guarantor, democracy promoter, and global interventionist – structurally conflict with one another in NATO operations in Afghanistan and the Balkans. There is a lack of political support for NATO's broadened responsibilities and this threatens alliance credibility. Only by diminishing the transformation mission set or increasing coordinated political support can NATO remedy th...