cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
RAIM FDE Revisited: A New Breakthrough In Availability Performance With NIORAIM (Novel Integrity-Optimized RAIM)

The major shortcoming of RAIM FDE is widely recognized to be its occasional lack of availability, in the sense that the integrity level it can protect in any given situation cannot always be smaller than the required alert limit for a given flight operation. Ever since the RAIM FDE algorithms were developed, accepted and published more than ten years ago, the system availability has been bound, by and large, to the limitations of its monitoring mechanism to be able to detect and exclude a single measurement fault. More recently, there has been a proposition that departs from conventional assumptions made in the standard RAIM-FDE by better balancing accuracy and integrity levels. This proposition results in the lowering of the horizontal integrity limit for all satellite measurement geometries, thereby improving system availability in the process. In this paper, we present a specific methodology called NIORAIM for accomplishing the balancing of position accuracy with integrity, and we also give an estimate of the improvement achieved with the method. The results in this paper show, for the NPA phase of flight where baroaiding is available, that 50% of the unavailable geometries derived using standard RAIM-FDE can be salvaged when using NIORAIM. The paper also shows the added complexity involved in computing the NIORAIM algorithm, but presents a design that is still amenable to real-time computation.
A Comparison of transgenic and wild type soybean seeds: analysis of transcriptome profiles using RNA-Seq

Soybean (Glycine max) has been bred for thousands of years to produce seeds rich in protein for human and animal consumption, making them an appealing bioreactor for producing valuable recombinant proteins at high levels. However, the effects of expressing recombinant protein at high levels on bean physiology are not well understood. To address this, we investigated whether gene expression within transgenic soybean seed tissue is altered when large amounts of recombinant proteins are being produced and stored exclusively in the seeds. We used RNA-Seq to survey gene expression in three transgenic soybean lines expressing recombinant protein at levels representing up to 1.61 % of total protein in seed tissues. The three lines included: ST77, expressing human thyroglobulin protein (hTG), ST111, expressing human myelin basic protein (hMBP), and 764, expressing a mutant, nontoxic form of a staphylococcal subunit vaccine protein (mSEB). All lines selected for analysis were homozygous and contained a single copy of the transgene. Each transgenic soybean seed was screened for transgene presence and recombinant protein expression via PCR and western blotting. Whole seed mRNA was extracted and cDNA libraries constructed for Illumina sequencing. Following alignment to the soybean reference genome, differential gene expression analysis was conducted using edgeR and cufflinks. Functional analysis of differentially expressed genes was carried out using the gene ontology analysis tool AgriGO. The transcriptomes of nine seeds from each transgenic line were sequenced and compared with wild type seeds. Native soybean gene expression was significantly altered in line 764 (mSEB) with more than 3000 genes being upregulated or downregulated. ST77 (hTG) and ST111 (hMBP) had significantly less differences with 52 and 307 differentially expressed genes respectively. Gene ontology enrichment analysis found that the upregulated genes in the 764 line were annotated with functions related to endopeptidase inhibitors and protein synthesis, but suppressed expression of genes annotated to the nuclear pore and to protein transport. No significant gene ontology terms were detected in ST77, and only a few genes involved in photosynthesis and thylakoid functions were downregulated in ST111. Despite these differences, transgenic plants and seeds appeared phenotypically similar to non-transgenic controls. There was no correlation between recombinant protein expression level and the quantity of differentially expressed genes detected. Measurable unscripted gene expression changes were detected in the seed transcriptomes of all three transgenic soybean lines analyzed, with line 764 being substantially altered. Differences detected at the transcript level may be due to T-DNA insert locations, random mutations following transformation or direct effects of the recombinant protein itself, or a combination of these. The physiological consequences of such changes remain unknown.
Ethic's Askew: A Case Study of Ethics in an Educational Environment.

For a formal definition of ethics, Webster’s New World Dictionary (1995) defines the term as “the study of standards of conduct and moral judgment”. Ethics is important to individuals because we are concerned with what leaders do and who they are—their conduct and character. “Conduct” is a word that implies behavior. Behavior can change under differing circumstances. For instance, in a “low key”, unstressed situation, most individuals tend to be civil and polite; however, the introduction of stress factored into a scenario can totally change the dynamics of the situation, as well as the ability of those involved to “cope”. Stress can cause individuals to become hostile, rebellious, and oftentimes uncompromising. Stress introduced into a situation can also cause individuals to become unethical. For example, take natural disasters such as Hurricane Katrina in 2005 whereby individuals were under tremendous stress of discomfort from not having a clean environment in which to live, as well as conditions of hunger and thirst from lack of food and fresh water. Most of us have witnessed the television footage of the “looting” that occurred from these conditions. Or take the civil unrest that occurred in the streets of Los Angeles after the verdict of 1992 when police officers were acquitted of the beating of an African American named Rodney King. Again, anger and stress caused looting and violence to erupt in the streets. While these are “extreme” situations, the question arises as to how individuals cope with stress in an atmosphere where civility is taught and encouraged. For instance, consider a classroom situation where an assignment to produce an outcome is given with few rules, and the members of the group are from other classes, possibly even in other states. The means of communication for these individuals are e-mail, a relatively new virtual reality website, similar to face book, or telephone should one choose to use that method. This type of situation would most likely exist in a graduate program and in fact, did. This paper is a case study of just that type of situation.
Statute: A Model State Act to Authorize and Regulate Physician-Assisted Suicide

Despite laws in many states prohibiting assisted suicide, an unknown but significant number of people each year commit suicide with the aid of a physician. In recent years, the phenomenon of physician-assisted suicide has attracted greater attention as physicians have openly risked prosecution to shed light on the subject, advocates have raised a series of legal challenges to laws banning assisted suicide, and a federal judge has struck down the nation's first statute allowing physicians to assist patients in suicide. In this Article, nine authors from the fields of law, medicine, philosophy and economics propose a comprehensive statute to permit and regulate physician-assisted suicide for patients suffering from terminal illnesses or unbearable pain. The proposed statute provides a specific series of procedural requirements designed to prevent mistaken decisions and affords limited legal protection to physicians who follow its requirements.
Capturing social and cultural influences: relating individual work-life experiences to context

An education … (is) being able to differentiate between what you do know and what you don't. Anatole France (1901, 168)As Anatole France suggests, education is a phenomenon that involves self-refle...
A Pilot Study of Trace Metal Movement in Soils on Hillslopes in the Coast Ranges, California

The study is based on chemical testing of three-normal hydrochloric acid leachates of some 275 grab samples of surface soils, colluvium and alluvium from the rugged forest-chaparral covered watershed of Putah Creek; 17 grab samples of topsoil from the vicinity of Lodoga; and 8 samples of topsoil from the vicinity of Stony Gorge Reservoir in the California Coast Ranges. The initial study was aimed at establishing the fate of herbicide copper introduced into Solano Reservoir on Putah Creek. After detection of possible leaching and downslope migration of copper in soils, the study was extended to three other areas: (1) the divide between Thompson and Bray canyons, (2) the vicinity of Lodoga, and (3) the Stony Gorge Reservoir area. Zinc and lead determinations were added during this final stage. Content of selected heavy metals in leachates ranged as follows: The data indicate a general minor increase in copper and lead content in the downslope direction, particularly on smooth, undissected slopes. Zinc content frequently appeared to be erratic. The data indicate the existence of minor regional leaching of such trace metals as copper and lead by “normal” natural precipitation (rain). An increase of such leaching by “acid rain” is conceivable with possible future regional increases of population and pollution.
Life History and Habits of the Southwestern Pine Tip Moth, Rhyacionia neomexicana (Dyar) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae)

Rhyacionia neomexicana, a univoltine species, overwinters in the pupal stage in cocoons attached to root collars Pinus ponderosa Laws, seedlings. Peak emergence occurs in April and males are lured to virgin females by a sex pheromone. Male flight activity peaks between 2000-2400 h. Dissections for spermatophores indicate that females mate only once. Eggs are deposited singly or in overlapping rows on the inner surfaces of needles near the needle sheath, predominantly in the upper three whorls foliage and on 1-year-old needles. Eclosion is completed by the end of June and developing larvae pass through 5 instars and 3 distinctive feeding stages: a needle mining stage before new shoots are attacked, a pitch tent stage when new needles on expanding shoots are severed and mined, and a shoot mining stage. Feeding in upper crown terminal and lateral shoots causes height growth loss and a bushy growth form. Larvae leave the shoots in July and August and descend tree boles for pupation below the soil. Hymenopterous parasitoids attack the eggs. Dipterous and hymenopterous parasitoids emerge from larvae and pupae. Predators include ants, spiders, wireworms, birds, lizards, and mice.
Neutrons From C 12 +D

Recoil protons in a cloud chamber have been used to measure the energy spectrum of the neutrons from ${\mathrm{C}}^{12}$+${\mathrm{H}}^{2}$. The neutrons are found to be monochromatic when produced by 2-Mev deuterons. An accurate $Q$ value of -0.27\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02 Mev is computed from the range of the recoil protons. This $Q$ value gives a mass of 13.00988\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.00004 for ${\mathrm{N}}^{13}$.
VTI, Angle-dependent Imaging of 3D PP and PS Borehole Seismic Data

Summary 3D anisotropic Pre-Stack Depth Migration (PreSDM) was extended to be applicable to borehole seismic data. PreSDM was adjusted to produce angle-dependent Common Image Point (CIP) gathers using both types of imaging conditions: cross-correlation and deconvolution. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated with 3D bore hole seismic data from the Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia. The deconvolution imaging condition yields well-balanced migration amplitudes and produces suitable CIP gathers for anisotropic velocity model building and pre-stack elastic inversion. The final migrated results show an enhanced image of the target sand stringers, both in the immediate vicinity and away from the borehole.
Essential hyperhidrosis. Current therapy.

Essential hyperhidrosis, the idiopathic production of excessive sweat, continues to be a much misunderstood ailment. Its recognition as a benign disorder has often restricted its treatment to nonsurgical modalities, many times with unsatisfactory results. Surgical intervention has provided excellent results in patients suffering from hyperhidrosis and should certainly be considered an alternative method of treatment. The authors review the clinical condition of essential hyperhidrosis including current treatment options, with special emphasis on surgical therapy.
The Kinesin-5 Chemomechanical Cycle Is Dominated by a Two-heads-bound State

Single-molecule microscopy and stopped-flow kinetics assays were carried out to understand the microtubule polymerase activity of kinesin-5 (Eg5). Four lines of evidence argue that the motor primarily resides in a two-heads-bound (2HB) state. First, upon microtubule binding, dimeric Eg5 releases both bound ADPs. Second, microtubule dissociation in saturating ADP is 20-fold slower for the dimer than for the monomer. Third, ATP-triggered mant-ADP release is 5-fold faster than the stepping rate. Fourth, ATP binding is relatively fast when the motor is locked in a 2HB state. Shortening the neck-linker does not facilitate rear-head detachment, suggesting a minimal role for rear-head-gating. This 2HB state may enable Eg5 to stabilize incoming tubulin at the growing microtubule plus-end. The finding that slowly hydrolyzable ATP analogs trigger slower nucleotide release than ATP suggests that ATP hydrolysis in the bound head precedes stepping by the tethered head, leading to a mechanochemical cycle in which processivity is determined by the race between unbinding of the bound head and attachment of the tethered head.
Comparison of Continuous-Time Models for Adjustable Robust Optimization in Process Scheduling under Uncertainty

Abstract Employing Robust Optimization to address uncertainty in process scheduling has been traditionally done in a static manner, where the entirety of the decisions are taken “here-and-now,” without any flexibility to later adapt–and capitalize upon–the actual uncertainty realizations. We recently introduced an Adjustable Robust Optimization framework, which has the ability to incorporate “wait-and-see” decisions to be taken at multiple stages during the scheduling horizon, and we showed how it can provide solutions that are less conservative, i.e., solutions that are more profitable while insuring against the same level of uncertainty, than the solutions obtained with the traditional approach. In this paper, we extend our previous results by utilizing a number of alternative deterministic scheduling models as the basis of our framework, and we investigate the computational tractability of each model via a comprehensive computational study based on a series of literature benchmark instances.
Response to Open Peer Commentaries on "Moral Hazard in Pediatrics".

We thank AJOB and the commentators for their thoughtful scrutiny of our article, “Moral Hazard in Pediatrics.” We appreciate the debate regarding whether and how moral hazard introduces useful cons...
Process Theology and Liberation Theology: Theological and Ethical Reflections

Process theology, inspired by the thought of Alfred North Whitehead, and liberation theology, prompted by the experience of oppression in Latin America, are two distinct and separate forms of contemporary Christian theology that both provoke and compel our attention. Although they vary dramatically in the standpoints from which they speak, the audiences to whom they speak, and the languages with which they speak, process and liberation theologies nonetheless share some striking similarities of viewpoint that bear ethical import. The author thus details their positions on existence in community, freedom and creativity, and resonsibility for the future, as well as the differences noted above, and claims that it is on ethical grounds that their contributions are most profound and their potential impact most far-reaching.
Causes and Cures XII: Public Health Approaches

Abstract The past several years have been a landmark moment for violence prevention, with renewed attention on the part of many international agencies, but especially the United Nations, with its adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development . The latter invites the world community to collaborate in an inclusive, long-ranging vision for the future, highlighting our interdependence and collective responsibility for humanity’s future. A growing awareness that preventing violence does not just reduce death and disability but promotes creativity, economic growth, and general well-being is at the heart of this “movement”. An integration not only of the major disciplines but of various practical approaches is timely, and for this to occur, we require a broader overview of our existing societal structures. In this context, this fifteen article series modeled after a Global Health Studies course entitled, “Violence: Causes and Cures,” reviews the mechanisms that society has used in an attempt to stem violence. The next two articles will briefly cover how, over the past few decades, health sectors have been instrumental in shifting the view of human violence from being a law and order issue to a preventable health problem. Public health paved the way for interdisciplinary research and multisectoral collaboration, providing a critical link between research and implementation. Demonstrating that violence prevention is possible, not as an article of faith but based on evidence, is perhaps one of the greatest achievements in humanity’s effort to deal with its own violence.
Overcoming Parochialism: State Administrative Procedure and Institutional Design

This article identifies several variations in state executive, legislative, and judicial design in comparison to the U.S. federal constitutional structure. The possible impact on state administrative procedure of these variations in institutional design are then explored. For example, the author argues that institutional design provides a novel explanation for the growth of the central panel of administrative law judges in states. At the general level, it is argued that institutional design is relevant to the path of state administrative procedure. Moreover, it is argued that institutional design makes state administrative procedure relevant by allowing scholars and law reformers to overcome the parochialism that often dominates discussion of state law issues. Rather than discussing state administrative law doctrine in the isolation, the author argues that framing the discussion in the context of institutional design can enrich debate and scholarship about state administrative procedure.
Soybean nitrogen relations and root characteristics after Cerotoma trifurcata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) larval feeding injury

Bean leaf beetle, Cerotoma trifurcata (Forster), is a pest of economic importance to soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) production in the U.S. This greenhouse study was conducted to characterize larval feeding damage effects on nitrogen (N) assimilation and root system characteristics in soybean. Pots containing individual plants (n = 15) were exposed to 1 of 3 treatment levels that varied in infestation intensity: high intensity (19 larvae per pot), low intensity (5 larvae), and an uninfested control group. After 3 wk, the plants were dissected, and the fresh and dry weights of the roots and shoots were recorded. Also, the number of nodules, number of damaged nodules, and the volume of nodules were compared among the treatments. Leaf and pod chlorophyll, nitrate-N, ureide-N, amino-N, and total N concentrations were measured and compared among the treatments. Nodules were the only organs on the root system that were visibly damaged by larval feeding. External nodule surfaces were scarred, and frequently the...
Developing a UV-Curable, Environmentally Benign and Degradable Elastomer for Soft Robotics

This paper introduces preliminary work on a UV-curable, environmentally benign and degradable elastomer, poly(glycerol sebacate itaconate), or PGSI, for use in soft robotics. A one-pot, solvent-free synthesis route using safe and inexpensive chemical reagents was developed to enable easy adoption into soft robotics labs. Material characterization of non-aged PGSI samples gave: ultimate tensile strength (UTS) ranging from 134 to 193 kPa with moduli ranging from 57 to 131 kPa and elongations at break ranging from 105 to 137 % (12 samples from 6 batches tested), and resilience values ranging from 73 to 82 % (3 samples from 3 batches tested). FTIR analysis showed a possible decrease in carbon-carbon double bonds after UV curing, evidencing a decrease in itaconic acid methylene groups from photoinitiated free radical cross-linking. NMR on the pre-polymer suggested incorporation of itaconic acid into the main polymer chain and evidence of heterogeneity of the polymer backbone resulting from glycerol bonding. An example molded soft pocket pneumatic actuator is created and briefly characterized. With further development, PGSI can be a degradable material to incorporate into temporary soft robots.
Telemedicine in otolaryngology outpatient setting-single Center Head and Neck Surgery experience.

Objectives/hypothesis We present our experience with telemedicine visits in an otolaryngology outpatient setting within our institution's Center for Head and Neck Surgery. Study design Retrospective chart review. Methods A review of telemedicine outpatient encounters examining patient demographics, visit type, and wait times was conducted. Internet-based navigation applications were used to calculate travel distance and estimate commute time to our clinic. Patient survey responses were reviewed. Results Two hundred fifty telemedicine encounters were reviewed between December 2015 and June 2017. The average age of patients was 50 years (range, 4-87 years). Patients waited an average of 10 minutes for their telemedicine appointments and avoided an average estimated commute time of 78 minutes (64 miles). The majority of visits were postoperative encounters (70%). Clinical follow-up of recent results or nonpostoperative complaints accounted for the remaining 30% of visits. All patients were offered a post-telemedicine survey, and 78 (31%) completed the survey. Of the respondents, 95% of patients reported that they were satisfied with their visit. Among patients who were dissatisfied, wait time and technical issues were cited as reasons. Conclusions With appropriate patient selection, telemedicine is an effective way to safely conduct outpatient clinic visits while maintaining high patient satisfaction. It can be particularly useful for institutions with large catchment areas to minimize travel times and increase ease of communication. Level of evidence 4. Laryngoscope, 128:2072-2075, 2018.
The Wages of Intimate and Anonymous Capitalism

The spirit of capitalism is a sentimental reflection of its practice, and the practice envisioned by the likes of Adam Smith and other early proponets of capitalism assumed an intimate commerce among friends and neighbors. With the advent of the industrial revolution and the development of the modern corporation, commercial relationships increasingly became anonymous, with the result that the sentimal forces that once shaped capitalism withered, leaving a crude, uncomplicated form of self-interest in their place. Drawing on economic history, classic works of political economy, and personal interviews, I tell the story of these two competing visions of capitalism, the intimate capitalism of the old world (a phenomenon still visible in small town America, today) and the anonymous capitalism of contemporary commerce.
Normal Variant EEG Patterns

The object of this chapter is to familiarize the reader with a number of commonly encountered normal variants of brain-derived EEG activity. The term “normal variant pattern” refers to those rhythms or waveforms that have features reminiscent of either interictal or ictal EEG abnormalities. However, these patterns have been found in a substantial proportion of tracings from healthy subjects and, therefore, are not currently thought to represent pathological entities. It is, therefore, vital that such patterns be appropriately recognized by the EEG reader as normal variants and not erroneously confused for pathological patterns. This chapter addresses four main categories of variant EEG activity: 1. Rhythmic patterns. 2. Epileptiform patterns. 3. Lambda and lambdoids. 4. Age-related variants.
Nerve Sheath Tumors

Nerve sheath tumors (NSTs) arise from Schwann precursor cells and include neurofibromas, schwannomas, and malignant peripheral NSTs. More recently, hybrid NST with pathological features of both neurofibromas and schwannomas have been described. NSTs can present as sporadic solitary tumors or can present in the setting of neurofibromatosis 1 and 2, and schwannomatosis. This article summarizes the presentation, genetics, imaging, and treatment of these common tumors.
Computer Solution of Linear Programs: Non-simplex Algorithms

The far-reaching advances ushered in by Karmarkar’s pioneering work are rooted in well-known algorithmic paradigms of nonlinear programming/nonlinear equation-solving that have found fundamental new expression within the context of linear programming. We given an overview of interior-point and infeasible-interior-point LP algorithms from this perspective, concentrating on their underlying algebraic and geometric aspects. We formulate the direction-finding problems of primal-dual affine-scaling and potential-reduction algorithms in a unified, self-contained manner. We then explore the basic dichotomy of nonlinear-equation solving—minimizing a merit or potential function vis-a-vis following a homotopy path—which reasserts itself within the LP setting. In particular, this leads to a detailed categorization of homotopy and central paths and enables us to clarify the way in which different path-following algorithms operate. Finally, we observe that practical implementations must draw simultaneously on both potential-based and homotopy-based methods and reassess the popular formulations of Mehrotra’s breakthrough implementation in this light.
Polymer and Nanoparticle-Composite Bistable Devices: Physics of Operation and Initial Applications

Polymer and nanoparticle-composite bistable devices, which fall under the category of Organic Bistable Devices (OBDs), provide non-volatile, two-state ON/OFF behavior for potential memristor or other applications. These materials consist of insulating, semiconducting, or conducting polymers such as poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), poly(vinylcarbazole) (PVK), or poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), respectively. Composites can be made by blending these with inorganic nanoparticles made from materials such as silver, gold, or zinc oxide. Such devices offer several potential advantages compared with their inorganic counterparts. These include reduced cost from solution-based methods of deposition, ease of direct-write printing over large areas, high throughput processing, and light-weight and flexible mechanical properties. Here we review the materials, designs, physics, and operation of these devices. We conclude the chapter with a discussion of possible applications, including recent advances in neuromorphic engineering specifically geared toward use in robotics.
4.16 – Tritium Barriers and Tritium Diffusion in Fusion Reactors

Tritium is a radioactive form of hydrogen. Because it is radioactive, its release to the environment must be minimized. Most of the materials used in fusion reactors are metals that have a relatively high permeability for tritium. The fusion community has been working on barrier materials to minimize tritium release by permeation through structural materials. Unfortunately, most barrier materials work very well during laboratory experiments, but fail to meet requirements when placed in radiation environments. This chapter presents tritium permeation characteristics of various materials used in fusion reactors, including plasma-facing, structural, and barrier materials. The parameters necessary for tritium release calculations for various regions of a fusion reactor are given.
Body temperature regulation and drugs of abuse.

Abstract Phenethylamine-induced hyperthermia can occur following exposure to several different types of illicit stimulants, such as amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (“Molly”), synthetic cathinones (“bath salts”), and N-methoxybenyl (“NBOMe”), to name a few. Peripheral norepinephrine release mediated by these sympathomimetic agents induces a double-edged sword of heat accumulation through β-adrenoreceptor-dependent activation of uncoupling protein (UCP1 and 3)-regulated thermogenesis and loss of heat dissipation through α1-adrenoreceptor-mediated vasoconstriction. Additionally, thyroid hormones are important determinants of the capacity of thermogenesis induced by phenethylamines through the regulation of free fatty acid release and the transcriptional activation of a host of metabolic genes, including adrenergic receptors and mitochondrial uncoupling proteins. Here, we review the central and peripheral mechanistic “triggers” of phenethylamine-induced hyperthermia and outline potential pharmacologic interventions for managing phenethylamine-induced hyperthermia based on these recently discovered hyperthermia mediators.
Statistical effects of waterway lock unavailability on commodity flow

ABSTRACTProblem statement: It has been posited that insufficient funding for lock maintenance on the inland waterway system causes scheduled and unscheduled delays that greatly threaten inland wate...
Survival of the Fittest in PlayerUnknown BattleGround.

The goal of this paper was to predict the placement in the multiplayer game PUBG (playerunknown battleground). In the game, up to one hundred players parachutes onto an island and scavenge for weapons and equipment to kill others, while avoiding getting killed themselves. The available safe area of the game map decreases in size over time, directing surviving players into tighter areas to force encounters. The last player or team standing wins the round. In this paper specifically, we have tried to predict the placement of the player in the ultimate survival test. The data set has been taken from Kaggle. Entire dataset has 29 attributes which are categories to 1 label(winPlacePerc), training set has 4.5 million instances and testing set has 1.9 million. winPlacePerc is continuous category, which makes it harder to predict the survival of the fittest. To overcome this problem, we have applied multiple machine learning models to find the optimum prediction. Model consists of LightGBM Regression (Light Gradient Boosting Machine Regression), MultiLayer Perceptron, M5P (improvement on C4.5) and Random Forest. To measure the error rate, Mean Absolute Error has been used. With the final prediction we have achieved MAE of 0.02047, 0.065, 0.0592 and 0634 respectively.
Impact of low-intensity resistance and whole-body vibration training on aortic hemodynamics and vascular function in postmenopausal women.

To examine the effects of low-intensity resistance exercise training (LIRET) and whole-body vibration training (WBVT) with an external weighted vest on arterial stiffness, wave reflection, brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and physical performance in postmenopausal women. Thirty-three postmenopausal women were stratified by age, body mass index (BMI), and maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) (age, 65 ± 4 years; BMI, 23.3 ± 2.6 kg/m2; MVC, 17.4 ± 2.6 kg) and randomized into LIRET, WBVT, or a nonexercising control group for 12 weeks. Arterial stiffness, augmentation index (AIx), augmented pressure (AP), brachial FMD, gait speed and leg strength were measured at baseline and 12 weeks. WBVT induced improvements in pulse pressure amplification (PPA) (0.04 ± 0.02) compared to control (P = 0.048) and in wave reflection indices [AIx (-4.3 ± 1.4%) and AP (-2.9 ± 1.3 mmHg)] compared to LIRET (P = 0.039 and 0.048, respectively). WBVT (3.8 ± 1.4%) and LIRET (5.0 ± 1.5%) induced similar improvements in FMD compared to control (P = 0.029 and 0.008, respectively). WBVT and LIRET elicited similar increases in leg strength (P = 0.001 and 0.019, respectively), compared to no improvement in the control group. LIRET significantly increased gait speed compared to WBVT (P = 0.043). Although both WBVT and LIRET increased brachial artery FMD (systemic effect), WBVT seemed to be more efficacious in improving wave reflection and cardiac pulsatile load. Interestingly, LIRET elicited a significant improvement in gait speed. Both modalities seem effective in improving systemic endothelial function and muscle strength in postmenopausal women.
Pediatrics: HbA1c levels for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in children.

An HbA1c level ≥6.5% is recommended as a criterion for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. A recent study has assessed the sensitivity and specificity of HbA1c levels for distinguishing between new onset type 1 diabetes mellitus and transient hyperglycemia in children. Do the results have implications for current pediatric clinical practice?
Effectiveness of prescribed fire to re-establish sagebrush steppe vegetation and ecohydrologic function on woodland-encroached sagebrush rangelands, Great Basin, USA: Part II: Runoff and sediment transport at the patch scale

Abstract Woody species encroachment into herbaceous and shrub-dominated vegetations is a concern in many rangeland ecosystems of the world. Arrival of woody species into affected rangelands leads to changes in the spatial structure of vegetation and alterations of biophysical processes. In the western USA, encroachment of pinyon (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.) tree species into sagebrush steppes poses a threat to the proper ecohydrological functioning of these ecosystems. Prescribed fire has been proposed and used as one rangeland improvement practice to restore sagebrush steppe from pinyon-juniper encroachment. Short-term effects of burning on the ecohydrologic response of these systems have been well documented and often include a period of increased hydrologic and erosion vulnerability immediately after burning. Long-term ecohydrologic response of sagebrush steppe ecosystems to fire is poorly understood due to lack of cross-scale studies on treated sites. The aim of this study is to evaluate long-term vegetation, hydrologic, and erosion responses at two pinyon-juniper-encroached sagebrush sites 9 years after prescribed fire was applied as a restoration treatment. Thirty-six rainfall simulation experiments on 6 m × 2 m plots were conducted for 45 min under two conditions: a dry run (70 mm h−1; dry antecedent soils) and a wet run (111 mm h−1; wet antecedent soils). Runoff and erosion responses were compared between burned and unburned plots. Overall, increases in herbaceous cover in the shrub-interspace areas (intercanopy area between trees) at both sites 9 years post-burn resulted in runoff- and erosion-reduction benefits, especially under the wet runs. While the initially more degraded site characterized by 80% bare ground pre-burn, registered a higher overall increase (40% increase) in canopy cover, greater post-fire reductions in runoff and erosion were observed at the less degraded site (57% bare ground pre-burn). Runoff and erosion for the wet runs decreased respectively by 6.5-fold and 76-fold at the latter site on the burned plots relative to control plots, whereas these decreases were more muted at the more degraded site (2.5 and 3-fold respectively). Significant fragmentation of flow paths observed at the more-degraded site 9 years post-fire, suggests a decreased hydrologic connectivity as a mechanism of runoff and erosion reduction during post-fire recovery.
Progressive Waters: Memory, Narrative and Localism in Émile Zola’s L’inondation

This article unpacks the role of water in Emile Zola’s L’inondation by analyzing the way in which the Garonne River creates and complicates individual identity. It connects to larger narratives of ...
Stories from the Front Seat: Supporting Accessible Transportation in the Sharing Economy

Ridesharing services like Uber and Lyft play an important role in broadening access to affordable, efficient transportation for people with vision impairments by providing an alternative to public transit, friends, or family. While previous work has focused on the challenges that people with disabilities experience using public transportation and how they interact with ridesharing drivers, little research has focused on the people in the "front seat" and how drivers support people with vision impairments during rides. To better understand these interactions, we interviewed 18 ridesharing drivers who had experience driving passengers with a disability, specifically people with vision impairments. Our findings show that ridesharing drivers engage in different forms of labor (i.e. physical, relational) to support passengers with disabilities and are seeking ways to learn more about disability. Contrary to most previous literature on ridesharing and the sharing economy, we find that drivers do not see this labor as a burden. We discuss ethical and design considerations for the complex process of disability disclosure, wherein passengers might benefit from having drivers know in advance about their disability, but also open themselves up to possible exploitation by drivers.
Shaken baby syndrome/abusive head trauma: wrongful conviction risks, mis-information effects, and psychological consultation

ABSTRACTPsychologists as experts may be engaged in criminal or family court cases involving Shaken Baby Syndrome/Abusive Head Trauma (SBS/AHT). There are unsettled questions within medical specialt...
Chapter 15 – Diet

Measurement of diet is difficult, given its wide variation based on geography, racial or ethnic group, culture, income, season, and age. The three common ways to measure diet are food diaries, 24-h dietary recall, and food frequency questionnaires (FFQs). FFQs based on usual food consumption over weeks or months are the most common method used in epidemiologic studies. From the FFQ and a nutrient database, it is possible to determine the intake of specific nutrients. Studies of these nutrients suggest that high intakes of vitamins C and E, particularly together, may be beneficial in reducing risk for AD. Folate and vitamin B12 reduce the levels of homocysteine, an amino acid that can lead to vascular disease. Low levels of these vitamins have been associated with higher risks for developing AD. Low-serum levels of vitamin D have been found to be associated with increased risk for AD. Considerable data support a protective role for polyphenols, which are very potent antioxidants with anti-inflammatory properties. Common sources of polyphenols include fruit and vegetable juices, tea, red wine, curcumin, coffee, chocolates, olives, nuts, soybeans, and cereals. Soy, common in Asian diets, has beneficial effects on postmenopausal women, but reduces cognition in premenopausal women and promotes brain atrophy in men likely through its effect in reducing human estrogen. Consumption of fish (DHA and EPA) and n-3 fatty acids reduce risk of AD, while consumption of trans- or saturated fats increases this risk. Recent studies have focused on dietary patterns (DP), with positive results reported for the Mediterranean Diet as well as other related diets. Reverse causation is an important problem in studies of diet, because DP are likely to change before dementia is diagnosed.
The long goodbye of Marca España: affect, politics and modernity in Marta Sanz’s crime novels

Halfway between a paean to Spain’s accelerated modernization and prosperity and an overcompensating denial of its economic implosion in 2008, Marca Espana is the state-sponsored initiative to promo...
Survival in/at the Intersections: A Preface for Three Papers on the Matter of Things:

These papers were independently submitted to the Ethnography Division and the Disability Issues Caucus for the National Communication Association 2019 Annual Convention. The panel was entitled: “Su...
Underexplored Stereocomplex Polymeric Scaffolds with Improved Thermal and Mechanical Properties

Stereocomplexation has been shown to enhance the thermal and mechanical properties of polymers. The scope and utility of stereocomplexation have focused primarily on toughening of poly(l-lactic aci...
Bank Networks and Systemic Risk: Evidence from the National Banking Acts

The reserve requirements established by the National Banking Acts (NBAs) dictated the amounts and locations of interbank deposits, thereby reshaping the structure of U.S. bank networks. Using unique data on bank balance sheets, along with detailed interbank deposits in 1862 and 1867 in Pennsylvania, we study how the NBAs changed the bank network structure. Further, we quantify the effect on financial stability in a model of interbank networks with liquidity withdrawal. We find that the NBAs led to a concentration of interbank deposits at both the city and the bank level, creating systemically important banks in major financial centers. Our quantitative results show that the newly emerged system was "robust-yet-fragile" -- while the concentration of linkages made the system more resilient in general, it increased the likelihood of contagion when financial center banks faced large shocks.
Complete Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium heckeshornense JCM 15655 T , Closely Related to a Pathogenic Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Species, Mycobacterium xenopi.

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium heckeshornense is a slow-growing mycobacterial species for which pathogenic features are unclear. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of an M. heckeshornense type strain. This sequence will provide essential information for future taxonomic and comparative genome studies of these mycobacteria.
How they got to Sesame Street: Children’s Television Workshop’s appropriation of advertising tactics for effective childhood literacy education:

One of the staple components of Sesame Street over the last 50 years is the short, animated segments that periodically interrupt the narratives and focus on brief educational and literacy concepts....
circFAT1 Promotes Cancer Stemness and Immune Evasion by Promoting STAT3 Activation

Cancer stemness and immune evasion are closely associated, and play critical roles in tumor development and resistance to immunotherapy. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms that coordinate this association. Here, it is reported that elevated circular RNA FAT1 (circFAT1) in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) unifies and regulates the positive association between cancer stemness and immune evasion by promoting STAT3 activation. circFAT1 knockdown (KD) reduces tumorsphere formation of SCC cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Bioinformatic analysis reveals that circFAT1 KD impairs the cancer stemness signature and activates tumor cell-intrinsic immunity. Mechanistically, circFAT1 binding to STAT3 in the cytoplasm prevents STAT3 dephosphorylation by SHP1 and promotes STAT3 activation, resulting in inhibition of STAT1-mediated transcription. Moreover, circFAT1 KD significantly enhances PD1 blockade immunotherapy by promoting CD8+ cell infiltration into tumor microenvironment. Taken together, the results demonstrate that circFAT1 is an important regulator of cancer stemness and antitumor immunity.
Parents' Insights into Pediatric Oncology Phase I Clinical Trials: Experiences from Their Child's Participation.

Abstract Objectives Phase 1 clinical trials are essential in the development of novel therapies for childhood cancers. Children with cancer can participate in phase 1 clinical trials when no known curative therapy remains. Understanding the experiences of children and their families in these clinical trials can help ensure that participation supports the children's and parents’ well-being. This article explores the specific aspects of pediatric oncology phase 1 trials that parents found particularly challenging. Data Sources This qualitative, empirical phenomenology study considered 11 parents’ experiences during the time their child with cancer participated in a phase 1 clinical trial. The primary study results were previously reported. This article reports parents’ insights into the processes and procedures that occurred as part of participation in a pediatric oncology phase 1 trial. Conclusion Parents’ experiences during the phase 1 clinical trials were primarily positive. However, data analysis revealed five aspects of these trials that were challenging for families: learning about clinical trials, being referred to another institution, research-only procedures, adhering to trial requirements, and oral medications. Implications for Nursing Practice Although experiences during phase 1 clinical trials were positive overall, opportunities to enhance children's and parents’ experiences warrant attention. Enhancing the education provided to families during recruitment and minimizing the logistical burdens associated with trial requirements through care coordination may alleviate challenges experienced by children and parents.
A multimodal model for analyzing middle school English language learners’ digital stories

Abstract In response to the rapid development of digital literacies, this paper introduces a new multimodal framework for analyzing digital stories. Drawing on systemic functional linguistics, the four-part framework includes representational, interpersonal, compositional, and sociocultural dimensions. Using the analytical framework, this qualitative case study illuminates how two middle school ELLs remixed multimodal semiotic resources to articulate their feelings, develop their identities, and reflect on their learning. Data include classroom observations, semi-structured interviews with students, and digital stories. All were analyzed inductively. Findings demonstrate how articulating voice and communicating feelings often involved “remixing”—a process where ELLs use design thinking to combine new and existing artifacts, and produce new meaning through their digital stories. The analytical framework also illuminates ELLs’ dynamic expressions of and reflection on their identities. The analysis shows how ELLs felt empowered by the opportunity to use digital stories as a platform for sharing their own cultural backgrounds and personal feelings. The study shows how ELLs can benefit from the multimodal literacies afforded by digital storytelling. Our new multimodal analytical framework also demonstrates how a holistic analysis of digital stories can be achieved, and provides guidance on how to support the effective use of digital storytelling as a pedagogical tool for both ELLs and mainstream students.