cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Differential lexical correlates of social cognition and metacognition in schizophrenia; a study of spontaneously-generated life narratives

Abstract Objectives Social cognition and metacognition have been identified as important cognitive domains in schizophrenia, which are separable from general neurocognition and predictive of functional and treatment outcomes. However, one challenge to improved models of schizophrenia has been the conceptual overlap between the two. One tool used in previous research to develop cognitive models of psychopathology is language analysis. In this article we aimed to clarify distinctions between social cognition and metacognition in schizophrenia using computerized language software. Methods Fifty-eight (n = 58) individuals with schizophrenia completed the Metacognitive Assessment Scale Abbreviated and measures of social cognition using the Hinting, Eyes, BLERT and Picture Arrangement test. A lexical analysis of participants’ speech using Language Inquiry and Word Count software was conducted to examine relative frequencies of word types. Lexical characteristics were examined for their relationships to social cognition and metacognition. Results We found that lexical characteristics indicative of cognitive complexity were significantly related to level of metacognitive capacity while social cognition was related to second-person pronoun use, articles, and prepositions, and pronoun use overall. The relationships between lexical variables and metacognition persisted after controlling for demographics, verbal intelligence, and overall word count, but the same was not true for social cognition. Conclusions Our findings provided support for the view that metacognition requires more synthetic and complex verbal and linguistic operations, while social cognition is associated with the representation and clear identification of others.
Blood and urine levels of long half-life toxicants by nativity among immigrants to the United States

One's place of birth is a major determinant of his or her exposure to environmental toxicants. By understanding biological burdens of long half-life toxicants by race and nativity we can better understand geographic variation in toxicant distribution. We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2006) biomonitoring data to examine differences in blood and urine levels of long half-life environmental toxicants of foreign-born relative to US-born people by race/ethnicity. We log transformed blood and urine measures of 51 environmental toxicants. We then used "seemingly unrelated regression," a robust technique for making multiple comparisons across a group of variables with correlated error terms, to examine differences in blood and urine toxicants by nativity and race. We found that, compared to native-born Americans, the foreign-born are generally more likely to be exposed to metals (p<0.001) and organochlorine pesticides (p<0.001), but less likely to be exposed to dioxin-like compounds (p<0.001) or polyflourinated compounds (p<0.001). While levels of toxicants varied greatly by region of birth, US-born participants had consistently higher levels of dioxin-like compounds and polyflourinated compounds.
Assessment of Basic Competencies: An Alternative to Intelligence Tests.

Intelligence tests were designed to assess individual differences and have been used for classification and placement. In the current context of providing appropriate education for all handicapped students, there is a need for new instruments that provide diagnostic information that can coordinate with instruction. A conceptual alternative to intelligence tests is presented. It consists of the assessment of a student's performance on defined criteria with known relevance to school learning. The procedure was put into operation by developing 11 tests that represent sequences of learning in three broad domains: information processing, language, and mathematics. The results of assessment can be interpreted developmentally or diagnostically; the diagnostic interpretation consists of the identification of clusters of skills that could be improved by instruction.
Minimal vs extensive esophageal mobilization during laparoscopic fundoplication: a prospective randomized trial.

Purpose Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication has been traditionally performed with extensive esophageal dissection to create 2 to 3 cm of intraabdominal esophagus. Retrospective data have suggested that minimal esophageal mobilization may reduce the risk of postoperative herniation of the wrap into the lower mediastinum. To compare complete esophageal dissection to leaving the phrenoesophageal attachment intact, we conducted a 2-center, prospective, randomized trial.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as osteoclast progenitors: a novel target for controlling osteolytic bone metastasis

Immune cells and their secreted growth factors play major roles in tumor growth and metastasis. Interplay between the growing tumor and infiltrating immune cells determines the nature of immune response and ultimately, tumor fate. Increased infiltration of protumorigenic immune cells promotes tumor growth as well as dissemination to distant sites. These cells induce immunosuppression that inhibits proliferation and functions of cells of antitumor immune response. One population of immunosuppressive cells that is increasingly gaining attention is myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). MDSCs are immature myeloid progenitors that suppress T-cell effector functions and promote angiogenesis. MDSC numbers are elevated at both the primary tumor and metastatic sites, including bone. In addition to immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs, we and others have recently discovered a novel function for MDSCs as osteoclast progenitors. Osteolysis is a common complication in the carcinomas of breast, lung, prostate, and multiple myeloma with poor prognosis. Therefore, targeting the functions of MDSCs may exert dual therapeutic effects on immunosuppression and bone pathology. Cancer Res; 73(15); 4606-10. ©2013 AACR.
The impact of the technical leadership, outstanding teaching, and active mentoring of Professor Donald G. Dudley Jr.

On January 2, 2007, Donald G. Dudley, Jr., Professor Emeritus in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Arizona, passed away. Professor Dudleypsilas career included work in industry, academia, at several National laboratories, and consulting. He was a world-renowned researcher in the areas of mathematical foundations of electromagnetic theory, applied mathematics, integral equations, borehole geophysics, inverse theory, and radar target identification. He was a distinguished contributor to the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society and to URSI. He was Chair of U.S. URSI Commission B and was on the Adcom of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society. He was a recipient of an IEEE Third Millennium medal through the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society. Professor Dudleypsilas primary role was as an outstanding professor, but he was also an exceptional friend and mentor. His successes, leadership and experience were used to mentor generations of engineers and scientists throughout their careers. His active mentoring style has shaped the lives and careers of many of our colleagues who have in turn contributed to the engineering profession in many ways.
Macrophage motility is driven by frontal-towing with a force magnitude dependent on substrate stiffness

The ability of macrophages to properly migrate is crucial to their success as early responders during the innate immune response. Furthermore, improper regulation of macrophage migration is known to contribute to several pathologies. The signaling mechanisms underlying macrophage migration have been previously studied but to date the mechanical mechanism of macrophage migration has not been determined. In this study, we have created the first traction maps of motile primary human macrophages by observing their migration on compliant polyacrylamide gels. We find that the force generated by migrating macrophages is concentrated in the leading edge of the cell – so-called frontal towing – and that the magnitude of this force is dependent on the stiffness of the underlying matrix. With the aid of chemical inhibitors, we show that signaling through the RhoA kinase ROCK, myosin II, and PI3K is essential for proper macrophage force generation. Finally, we show that Rac activation by its GEF Vav1 is crucial for macrophage force generation while activation through its GEF Tiam1 is unnecessary.
Impaired spatial navigation in pediatric anxiety

Background Previous theories implicate hippocampal dysfunction in anxiety disorders. Most of the data supporting these theories stem from animal research, particularly lesion studies. The generalisation of findings from rodent models to human function is hampered by fundamental inter-species differences. The present work uses a task of spatial orientation, which is known to rely on hippocampal function. Deficits in spatial navigation in anxious children suggest that the hippocampal network involved in spatial orientation is also implicated in anxiety disorders.
A Genotype-Independent Real-Time PCR Assay for Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

Accurate quantification of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels is important for monitoring patients with chronic HBV infection and for assessing their responses to antiviral therapy. This study aimed to develop a real-time PCR assay that is sensitive and can accurately quantify a wide range of HBV DNA levels across the known HBV genotypes. An “in-house” real-time PCR assay using primers and a TaqMan probe in a highly conserved region of the HBV surface gene was designed. The assay was standardized against a WHO standard and validated against plasmids of HBV genotypes A through H. The linear quantification range was approximately 5 × 100 to 2.0 × 109 IU/ml. Results of samples from patients infected with HBV genotypes A through H tested using our real-time “in-house” PCR assay showed an excellent correlation with those of the Cobas Amplicor HBV Monitor (R2 = 0.9435) and the Cobas TaqMan HBV (R2 = 0.9873) tests. We have established a real-time PCR assay that is genotype independent and can accurately quantify a wide range of HBV DNA levels. Further studies of additional samples are ongoing to validate the genotype independence of our assay.
Temporal Changes Associated with the Degeneration of the Rat Oocyte

The ultrastructure and ability of oocytes to mature in vitro were examined in oocytes collected from pregnant mare’s serum gonadotropin (PMSG)-primed immature rats. By 96 h after PMSG, cytoplasmic organelles tended to aggregate and the nuclear envelope increased in width and lost its trilaminar configuration. Prior to these ultrastructural alterations, the oocyte 1) had an increased rate of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVB), 2) lost its ability to form a polar body in vitro, 3) no longer required pyruvate for GVB and 4) fragmented when placed in vitro. These data suggest that the viability of the oocyte gradually changes within the preovulatory follicle. These degenerative changes appear to be related to the physiological state of the follicle and the length of time that the oocyte remains within the follicle.
Native Defects and their Interactions with Impurities in Silicon

A review is given of what has been learned from EPR studies over the last ∼35 years concerning vacancies and interstitials in silicon. Lattice vacancies are well understood, their diffusional migration energies determined vs charge state and electronic excitation, and their interactions with most of the common impurities established. The isolated interstitial has not been observed by EPR but a great deal has been learned concerning it from studies of its interactions with impurities, and more recently from theory. The properties of these two intrinsic defects and their progeny will be analyzed to help clarify their role in both the normal thermally activated diffusion processes and the transient-enhanced ones, which are of particular current concern.
Two closely linked transcription units within the 63B heat shock puff locus of D. melanogaster display strikingly different regulation.

Abstract We report the isolation and characterization of a cloned DNA of D. melanogaster, Dm4L, that is derived from the major heat shock puff site at 63B. This segment contains two closely linked genes that are each present once per Drosophila haploid genome. One of these, the hsp 83 gene, encodes an abundant heat shock mRNA that, unlike other major heat shock mRNAs, is also abundant in uninduced (23 degrees) kco cells. Although only a slight increase in the level of total hsp 83 RNA can be detected after heat shock in Kco cells, the level of hsp 83 poly(A)+ mRNA increases more than 6-fold and the level of pulse-labeled hsp 83 RNA in total cellular RNA increases 11-fold relative to uninduced cells. In contrast, the levels of total, poly(A)+, and pulse-labeled RNA homologous to the second gene, 63B-T2, are approximately the same in both induced and uninduced cells. Hence, even though these genes are separated by only one thousand base pairs, and, from in situ hybridization to polytene chromosomes, both lie within the heat shock puff, they display strikingly different regulatory properties, These results demonstrate that close linkage of a gene to a heat shock puff is not sufficient to render its expression heat inducible.
Effects of spaceflight on rat peripheral blood leukocytes and bone marrow progenitor cells

The white blood cell (WBC) elements and the bone marrow myeloid progenitor cell populations were analyzed to ascertain adaptation to micro-gravity and subsequent readaptation to 1 G in rats flown on the 14-day Spacelab Life Sciences-2 (SLS-2) mission. Bone marrow cells were harvested from one group of rats killed inflight (FD13) and blood was drawn from three other groups at various times. The WBC level was normal on FD14 with the exception of neutrophilia. On FD13, numbers of colony-forming units-granulocyte (CFU-G), CFU-GM, and CFU-M from flight animals were decreased compared with ground controls when incubated with recombinant rat interleukin-3 (rrIL-3) alone or in combination with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEpo). On recovery (R + 0), flight rats had decreased numbers of total leukocytes and absolute numbers of lymphocytes and monocytes with elevated neutrophils compared with control rats. They had lower numbers of CD4, CD8, CD2, CD3, and B cells in the peripheral blood but no differences in spleen lymphocytes.
Salt Requirements of Poultry

Abstract THERE is a well established belief among many practical poultry keepers that salt (sodium chloride) is poisonous to chickens. Many instances have been reported in which chickens were killed by eating salty meat, salty kitchen wastes, and salty bakery wastes. Collier (1892) reported the results of feeding varying amounts of salt to two year old hens. No harmful results were noticed in these experiments involving six hens until the intake of salt reached 0.063 ounces per hen per day. This amount, however, was sufficient to cause diarrhea in two of the hens. Upon reducing the amount of salt to 0.042 ounces per hen per day the trouble disappeared without other treatment. An intake of 0.021 or 0.042 per hen per day was not accompanied by any noticeable symptoms. Wheeler (1908) stated that a safe proportion is 5 ounces of salt in every 100 pounds of feed and that the Station . . .
The Collar Theorem

We complete the proof of Donaldson’s Theorem in this chapter by showing that for λ sufficiently small, $${m_\lambda }\; = \;\{ \overline D \; \in \;m:\;\lambda \left( {\overline D } \right)\; \leqslant \;\lambda \}$$ is diffeomorphic to (0,λ) × M. Recall from (8.30) that for λ ≤ λ4 there is a well-defined smooth map $$\overline B :\;{m_\lambda }\; \to \;\left( {0,\lambda } \right)\; \times \;M$$ $$\overline D \; \to \; $$ Open image in new window
Direct effects of Ca2+ on polyphosphoinositide turnover in exocrine pancreas

maximal concentrations of GTPyS, or the synergistic interactions between agonists and GTPyS are unaffected. These results suggest that, in exocrine pancreas, the G protein that couples receptors to phospholipase C is distinct from those involved in regulation of adenylate cyclase. We conclude that a parallel exists between receptorregulation of phospholipase C and adenylate cyclase; in each a G protein couples receptors to the effector enzymes. In exocrine pancreas, at least, distinct G proteins regulate each of the etfector enzymes, thus allowing for independent control of each signalling pathway. Supported by NIH grants DE 05764 and AM 28029.
Actinomycin and antitumor antibiotics.

Actinomycin D forms a stable complex with DNA and thereby inhibits theDNA-dependentsynthesisof RNA. The biochemical effectsof this antibiotic upon cells in culture are interpretable in terms of the complex described above. They include inhibition of the synthesis of ribosomal RNA at low drug concentrations, of all RNA species at moderate concentrations and of both RNA and DNA at very high concentrations. Given in adequate quantity, actinomycin D will inhibit synthesis of RNA in intact animals; the effect seen in a given tissue will depend upon the drug concentration achieved therein. Cytotoxicity is seen primarily in proliferating cells; it correlates better with prolonged tissue retention of the drug than with an acute inhibitory effect upon RNA metabolism. The factors responsible for selective retention of the drug within a tissue remain to be determined. Other antibiotics which may be grouped by chemical structure as anthracyclines and chromomycins also form stable complexes with DNA and inhibit synthesis of RNA.
Complex Interdependence and Transnational Lobbying: South Korea in the United States

With the rise of interdependence, transnational lobbying has emerged as an important instrument of bilateral bargaining among nations. I construct a typology of transnational lobbying based on four variables: power, knowledge, mutual interests, and ethnic and ideological ties. A case study of South Korea's lobbying in the United States is employed to examine how, and under what conditions, these different lobbying strategies are adopted, and to what extent they are effective. The Korean case shows that transnational lobbying is a supplementary and defensive tactic to assist formal diplomatic bargaining; that indirect lobbying involving coalition building and grass-roots mobilization are more effective than direct ones based on access to power and use of expertise; and that the choice and effectiveness of lobbying strategy are influenced not only by the degree of preexisting transnational resources (e.g., purchasing power, corporate constituents, ethnic base, and ideological ties), but also by the political, social, and cultural contexts of the countries involved.
ArduPilotOne: Extending the Capabilities of the Open-Source ArduPilotMega Autopilot System

ArduPilotMega is a low-cost autopilot system with software supporting both xed-wing and quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles. This paper discusses the development of a new library for ArduPilotMega: ArduPilotOne, which uses object-oriented design to modularize the autopilot system. This object-oriented approach reduces code repetition, reduces code maintenance, and makes it simpler to support new vehicles and hardware. Rover support has been added to ArduPilotMega via the ArduPilotOne library. In addition, the ArduPilotOne library includes alternative quadrotor and xed-wing software. In this paper, we will present the test results of implementing ArduPilotOne for an unmanned ground vehicle.
RISK FACTORS FOR INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS IN SURGICAL PATIENTS WITH BICUSPID AORTIC VALVE DISEASE

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease is associated with an increased risk of infective endocarditis (IE) compared to the general population. Although prior studies have estimated a 10-30% risk of IE in BAV disease, antibiotic prophylaxis for IE is no longer recommended in these patients. Few studies
“You Are My Garment”: Muslim Women, Religious Education and Self-Transformation in Contemporary Singapore

AbstractSince 2007, Singaporean graduates of Egypt’s Al-Azhar University have offered a new type of religious class that incorporates self-help rhetoric with the Quran and Hadith (prophetic traditions). Like their counterparts in Indonesia, Malaysia, Yemen and Egypt, the returnees market their costly lessons as opportunities for young ethnic and religious minority Muslim graduates of Singapore’s secular universities to apply new understandings of their faith to everyday spheres. These new preachers utilise social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram to proselytise and market their lessons. Although their seminars attract male participants, the vast majority of students are professional women seeking to fashion ideal Muslim selves while pursuing their careers. In this paper, I interrogate the following questions: How do women preachers and students perform their authority in interpreting Islam? How do male preachers, in turn, conceptualise and negotiate women’s religious authority? Although profe...
Tree islands: the bellwether of Everglades ecosystem function and restoration success

Everglades tree islands are patches of woody vegetation ranging in size from 0.1 to 70 ha embedded in a marsh matrix. Tree islands are an essential component of the tree island–ridge–slough topographic continuum and the trees provide a mechanism for the accumulation of phosphorus in the landscape, enhancing landscape biocomplexity. This article reviews the literature of tree island ecology and describes the predicted effects of five ecosystem restoration scenarios on tree islands. Elevations of the highest points on 404 islands across the Everglades were used to assess the effects of the scenarios at a landscape level, while the plant communities of nine islands were modeled to assess local effects. Evaluation of the restoration scenarios were based on three critical components needed to maintain and restore tree islands: hydrology that allows the survival of woody species, seasonally appropriate water flow to move nutrients off the heads of islands, and oligotrophy. All restoration options generally improved water conditions for tree growth, although flooding of islands in some areas was predicted to increase. Scenarios with the greatest amount of decompartmentalization and largest capacity to remove phosphorus from water entering the Everglades provided the best chance of delivering vigorous pulses of sheet flow in directions parallel to historic flows and maintaining oligotrophy. Tree islands are “bellwethers” of restoration actions because their maintenance on the landscape requires multiple ecosystem functions.
Implementing an Evidence-Based Fall Prevention Intervention in Community Senior Centers

Objectives. To evaluate the impact of implementing an evidence-based fall prevention intervention in community senior centers.Methods. We used a single-group design to evaluate the Tai Ji Quan: Moving for Better Balance (TJQMBB) program’s adoption, population reach, implementation, effectiveness, and maintenance among 36 senior centers in 4 Oregon counties between 2012 and 2016. The primary outcome measure, as part of the effectiveness evaluation, was number of falls as ascertained by self-report. Trained TJQMBB instructors delivered the program to community-dwelling older adults for 48 weeks, with a 6-month postintervention follow-up.Results. TJQMBB was adopted by 89% of the senior centers approached and reached 90% of the target population. The program resulted in a 49% reduction in the total number of falls and improved physical performance. Participation was well maintained after the program’s completion. The average cost-effectiveness ratio for the 48-week program implementation was $917 per fall pre...
Der Suez-Kanal

Bei einem Blick auf die Landkarte erscheint es nur zu offensichtlich, dass die Landenge zwischen Agypten und der Sinai-Halbinsel zur Anlage der heutigen Weltverkehrsstrase Suez-Kanal vorherbestimmt war. Deshalb uberrascht es, dass der Kanal in seiner heutigen Form erst vor etwa zwei Jahrhunderten konkret gedacht, aber erst noch viel spater auch tatsachlich in Angriff genommen wurde. Nach der Uberwindung vielfaltiger Widerstande wurde das technologische Grosprojekt 1854-69 von einem privaten Konsortium unter der Fuhrung des Franzosen Ferdinand de Lesseps umgesetzt. Neben der Wasserstrase selbst umfaste die Unternehmung aber auch riesige Bewasserungsflachen entlang eines Suswasserkanals vom Nil her sowie die Anlage der drei Hafenstadte Port Said, Ismailija und Suez.
Understanding and regulation of microbial lignolysis for renewable platform chemicals

Lignin is often overlooked in the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass, but lignin-based materials and chemicals represent potential value-added products for biorefineries that could significantly improve the economics of a biorefinery. Fluctuating crude oil prices and changing fuel specifications are some of the driving factors to develop new technologies that could be used to convert polymeric lignin into low molecular weight lignin and or monomeric aromatic feedstocks to assist in the displacement of the current products associated with the conversion of a whole barrel of oil. Our project of understanding microbial lignolysis for renewable platform chemicals aimed to understand microbial and enzymatic lignolysis processes to break down lignin for conversion into commercially viable drop-in fuels. We developed novel lignin analytics to interrogate enzymatic and microbial lignolysis of native polymeric lignin and established a detailed understanding of lignolysis as a function of fungal enzyme, microbes and endophytes. Bioinformatics pipeline was developed for metatranscryptomic analysis of aridland ecosystem for investigating the potential discovery of new lignolysis gene and gene products.
An experimental study of finitely and infinitely repeated linear public goods games

Abstract A growing literature in experimental economics examines the conditions under which cooperation can be sustained in social-dilemma settings. In particular, several recent studies contrast cooperation levels in games in which the number of decision rounds is probabilistic to games in which the number of decision rounds is finite. We contribute to this literature by contrasting the evolution of cooperation in probabilistically and finitely repeated linear voluntary-contribution public-goods games (VCM). Consistent with past results, ceteris paribus, cooperation is found to increase in the marginal value of the public good. Additionally, as the number of decision sequences increases, there is a pronounced decrease in cooperation in the final round of finite sequences compared to those with a probabilistic end round. We do not, however, find consistent evidence that overall cooperation rates are affected by whether the number of decision rounds is finite or determined probabilistically.
A Conservative, Entropic Multispecies BGK Model

We derive a conservative multispecies BGK model that follows the spirit of the original, single species BGK model by making the specific choice to conserve species masses, total momentum, and total kinetic energy and to satisfy Boltzmann’s $$\mathcal {H}$$ -Theorem. The derivation emphasizes the connection to the Boltzmann operator which allows for direct inclusion of information from higher-fidelity collision physics models. We also develop a complete hydrodynamic closure via the Chapman-Enskog expansion, including a general procedure to generate symmetric diffusion coefficients based on this model. We numerically investigate velocity and temperature relaxation in dense plasmas and compare the model with previous multispecies BGK models and discuss the trade-offs that are made in defining and using them. In particular, we demonstrate that the BGK model in the NRL plasma formulary does not conserve momentum or energy in general.
Standing in cement: possibilities created by Ravan on the Chhattisgarhi Plains

Framed by recent interest in the agency of materiality, this essay analyses, through a performative-ethnographic lens, possibilities created and questions raised by the cement images of Ravan, the ...
qLUT: Input-Aware Quantized Table Lookup for Energy-Efficient Approximate Accelerators

Approximate computing has emerged as a popular design paradigm for optimizing the performance and energy consumption of error-resilient applications in domains such as machine learning, graphics, data analytics, etc. Numerous techniques for approximate computing have been proposed at different layers of the system stack, from circuits to architecture to software. In this work, we propose a new technique, called quantized table lookup, for approximating the meta-functions used in the core computational kernels of error-resilient applications. In contrast to prior work that directly approximates the functionality of the meta-functions, the proposed technique instead approximates the input data to the meta-functions by reducing/quantizing them to a much smaller set of values that we call quantized inputs. The small number of quantized inputs enables us to completely replace the energy-intensive arithmetic units in the meta-function with small and energy-efficient lookup tables (called quantized lookup tables or qLUT) that contain precomputed output values corresponding to the quantized inputs. The proposed approximation technique is not only highly generic, but also inherently quality-configurable and input-aware. Quality-configurability and input-awareness are achieved by modulating the size of the qLUT as well as selecting the values of the quantized inputs judiciously based on the statistics of the original input data. To evaluate the proposed technique, we have implemented the dominant meta-functions of nine error-resilient application benchmarks as quantized table lookup based hardware accelerators using 45nm technology. Experimental results demonstrate average energy savings of 46% at the application-level for minimal (
Paracrine wnt-β-catenin signaling inhibition as a strategy to enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-1 antibody (Ab) therapy in a transgenic model of melanoma.

3053Background: Activation of the Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway is associated with poor T cell infiltration of tumors. We have previously demonstrated that paracrine Wnt5a-β-catenin signaling is ...
TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY | Genetic Determinants of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) has long been the focus of both clinical and basic laboratory investigations. Most studies have approached this common and often medically refractory form of epilepsy as a unitary disorder. TLE has been identified as perhaps the prototypical ‘acquired’ epilepsy, thought to arise as a result of a brain injury or insult. However, recent studies suggest that TLE may include a number of distinct disorders, some of which arise because of genetic mutations in genes that normally control patterns of brain development and/or excitability. Animal models can help to explore these possibilities. Two specific mouse models – the Kv1.1 knockout mouse and the p35 knockout mouse – show typical TLE-like seizure phenotypes and present with histopathological features also seen in human TLE. They arise, however, from very different processes; seizures in Kv1.1−/− mice reflect a ‘channelopathy’-like disorder, while seizures in p35−/− mice arise from a disruption of normal brain development.
In AF and HF, catheter ablation vs medical therapy reduced mortality and hospitalization for worsening HF.

Source Citation Marrouche NF, Brachmann J, Andresen D, et al; CASTLE-AF Investigators. Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation with heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2018;378:417-27. 29385358
Ischemic Stroke Related to Severe Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Adults May Benefit from Blood Transfusion (P01.232)

OBJECTIVE: To characterize patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) and severe Iron-deficiency Anemia (IDA); we postulate that severe IDA may be associated to AIS in adults. BACKGROUND: IDA is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. IDA is associated with AIS in healthy pediatric populations through arterial and venous occlusion via reactive thromobocytosis. There are various case reports of venous occlusion related to IDA in adults, but limited literature regarding IDA associated AIS. DESIGN/METHODS: AIS patients with Hct RESULTS: Among 4,477 AIS patients, 147 subjects had Hct CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of IDA is 1-20%; it is 3.9% in our AIS population and is often related to untreated uterine bleeding. As described in the pediatric population, severe IDA may be an underlying mechanism of ischemic stroke in adults, therefore, efforts must be undertaken to identify and treat the cause of the anemia. While patients with AIS and severe IDA may receive TPA, blood transfusion may be considered as an adjuvant therapy. Supported by: SPOTRIAS P50 NS044227 & NIH Training Grant 5T 32NS0077412-12. Disclosure: Dr. Choi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sanchez-Rotunno has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gonzales has nothing to disclose.
An Introduction including Media, Boomer, and Cross-cultural Perspectives

With the aging of the U.S. baby boomers and our society’s general tolerance for more open discussions of sexuality, a substantial need for clinical expertise in sexuality and aging has become readily apparent. This text is intended to provide up-to-date information and practical advice regarding clinical issues in sexuality and aging, featuring cutting edge research and detailed case examples. Featured topics include the following: prevalence rates for participation in various sexual behaviors including masturbation, intercourse, as well as rates of sexual dysfunction and satisfaction; the side- effects of various prescription and OTC medications on sexual functioning, women’s issues such as menopause, vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, breast and gynecological cancers, sexual trauma, and body image; men’s issues such as ED and treatment, prostate cancer, and body image; increasing rates of HIV/AIDS and other STDs; changes in dating, cohabitation, and marriage including the impact of the Internet and social media; societal stereotypes and stigma; implicit and explicit attitudes toward sexuality and aging, and couple’s and sex therapy. Topics typically ignored within the context of sexuality and aging also are featured including minority and LGBT issues, cross-cultural perspectives, sexuality within the context of chronic illness (e.g., heart disease; diabetes) and disability (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease), sexuality in nursing homes and assisted -living facilities including the capacity for sexual consent, and sexuality at the end of life in palliative care and hospice. This introductory chapter provides an overview of the text as well as detailed information on the demographics of the middle-aged and older adult population, including baby boomer, cross-cultural, and research perspectives.
Drehschwingungen ohne Dämpfung

Das Zustandekommen der Drehschwingungen moge zunachst am einfachsten Fall einer einzigen Masse gezeigt werden, die fest auf einer Welle (Drehfeder) sitzt, deren eines Ende fest eingespannt ist; Fig. 16. An der Masse moge ein periodisch wechselndes Drehmoment M wirken. Die Periodendauer des Momentes sei T, die Winkelschnelle der Periode mit-hin \(\omega = \frac{{2\pi}}{T}\). Das Moment M denken wir uns durch harmonische Analyse in seine harmonischen Komponenten zerlegt: $$M = \sum\limits_{h = 1}^{h = \infty } {({A_h}\sinh \omega t + {B_h}\cosh \omega t)} $$ .
Biotic Interactions among Recent and among Fossil Crinoids

Most previous reports on the biotic interactions of crinoids have treated either the living or the fossil forms exclusively. Major treatments of the biotic interactions of living crinoids are those of Clark (1921), Hyman (1955), Fell (1966), and Breimer (1978). Interactions of extinct crinoids have been summarized by N. G. Lane (1978). In the present review, we have compiled evidence for biotic interactions of both living and fossil crinoids in order to elucidate the role of biotic interactions in crinoid evolution. In Sections 2 through 6, we consider direct interactions of crinoids with other organisms and other crinoids. In Section 7, Habitat Modification, we consider ways by which crinoids modify their environment which will affect other organisms. The evolutionary history of biotic interactions of crinoids provides evidence that predation and competition have played significant roles in crinoid evolution.
Promoting children's learning and transfer across informal science, technology, engineering, and mathematics learning experiences.

Abstract This study investigated ways to support young children’s science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) learning and transfer of knowledge across informal learning experiences in a museum. Participants were 64 4- to 8-year-old children (Mage = 6.55 years, SD = 1.44) and their parents. Families were observed working together to solve one engineering problem, and then immediately afterward children worked on their own to solve a second engineering problem. At the outset of the problem-solving activities, families were randomly assigned to receive engineering instructions, transfer instructions, both engineering and transfer instructions, or no instructions. Families who received engineering instructions—either alone or in combination with the transfer instructions—demonstrated greater understanding and use of the engineering principle of bracing compared with those who received only transfer instructions. Moreover, older children who received both engineering and transfer instructions were more successful when working on their own to solve a perceptually different engineering problem compared with older children who received only one set of instructions or no instructions. Implications of the work for developmental and learning science research and informal education practice are discussed.
Influences of genomic imprinting on brain function and behavior

Genomic imprinting is a unique form of epigenetic regulation that is highly prevalent in the brain. The complexity of imprinted regulation in the adult and developing brain, and its central roles in neural processes are becoming increasingly appreciated. Here, we outline recent progress in elucidating the influence of imprinted genes on brain function — from neural development to synaptic function, cognition, and social and emotional behaviors. We review how improved sequencing and analytical technology have helped in identifying parental biases in gene expression alongside monoallelic expression in brain tissues, and we discuss the potential roles of imprinted genes in regulating key neural pathways. This review aims to provide a better understanding of the nature and functional significance of genomic imprinting in the normal and pathological brain of mammals, including humans.
Probe-based three-dimensional confocal laser endomicroscopy of brain tumors: technical note.

Background Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is used during fluorescence-guided brain tumor surgery for intraoperative microscopy of tumor tissue with cellular resolution. CLE could augment and expedite intraoperative decision-making and potentially aid in diagnosis and removal of tumor tissue. Objective To describe an extension of CLE imaging modality that produces Z-stack images and three-dimensional (3D) pseudocolored volumetric images. Materials and methods Hand-held probe-based CLE was used to collect images from GL261-luc2 gliomas in C57BL/6 mice and from human brain tumor biopsies. The mice were injected with fluorescein sodium (FNa) before imaging. Patients received FNa intraoperatively, and biopsies were imaged immediately in the operating room. Some specimens were counterstained with acridine orange, acriflavine, or Hoechst and imaged on a benchtop confocal microscope. CLE images at various depths were acquired automatically, compiled, rendered into 3D volumes using Fiji software and reviewed by a neuropathologist and neurosurgeons. Results CLE imaging, Z-stack acquisition, and 3D image rendering were performed using 19 mouse gliomas and 31 human tumors, including meningiomas, gliomas, and pituitary adenomas. Volumetric images and Z-stacks provided additional information about fluorescence signal distribution, cytoarchitecture, and the course of abnormal vasculature. Conclusion 3D and Z-stack CLE imaging is a unique new option for live intraoperative endomicroscopy of brain tumors. The 3D images afford an increased spatial understanding of tumor cellular architecture and visualization of related structures compared with two-dimensional images. Future application of specific fluorescent probes could benefit from this rapid in vivo imaging technology for interrogation of brain tumor tissue.
Demystifying World Music Education: From Guiding Principles to Meaningful Practice:

Over the past several decades, music education scholars have put forth a variety of convincing rationales for world music education. Yet the gap between theory and practice in this area persists. I...
Moving Beyond Marriage: Healthcare and the Social Safety Net for Families:

This article teases out the relationship between family form and the state's social safety nets around healthcare, showing the deep unfairness of measuring social safety nets by whether a couple ma...
The Marking Process

The marking process of an SPN records the marking as it evolves over continuous time. As discussed in Section 3.1, formal definition of the marking process is in terms of an underlying general state-space Markov chain that describes the net at successive marking changes. This definition leads to an algorithm for generating sample paths of the process.
Capillary Electrochromatography: A Rapidly Emerging Separation Method

This overview concerns the new chromatographic method — capillary electrochromatography (CEC) — that is recently receiving remarkable attention. The principles of this method based on a combination of electroosmotic flow and analyte-stationary phase interactions, CEC instrumentation, capillary column technology, separation conditions, and examples of a variety of applications are discussed in detail.
Abstract 723: Cortical Bone Derived Stem Cells Modulates T Cell Response After Myocardial Injury

Rationale: The ischemic environment following myocardial infarction induces a harsh, pro-inflammatory state that facilitates the removal of necrotic tissue. Manipulation of T cell responses after c...
Technical note: Comparative evaluation of 3 methods for the quantification of nonesterified fatty acids in bovine plasma sampled prepartum.

ABSTRACT Serum or plasma concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) are commonly used as biomarkers of lipolysis during the periparturient period in dairy cows. However, NEFA quantification usually requires sample submission to specialized diagnostic laboratories, at significant cost. Alternative methods for the measurement of NEFA concentrations are needed that decrease the cost per sample without compromising accuracy and precision. Our study compared the quantification of NEFA between the gold standard diagnostic laboratory method and 2 alternative methods: a 96-well plate protocol and a small-scale chemistry analyzer (CataChemWell-T; Catachem Inc., Oxford, CT). We used a total of 147 plasma samples collected from cows 7 to 13 d before their expected calving date (7 ± 3.3; mean ± SD days before actual calving) were used. We used linear and Passing–Bablok regression to identify systematic and proportional bias between the alternative methods and the gold standard. We also examined the level of agreement between each alternative method and the gold standard using Bland–Altman plots. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of the alternative methods for detecting animals with excessive lipid mobilization prepartum (defined as NEFA concentration ≥0.30 mM by the gold standard test). We identified a constant difference between each of the alternative NEFA determination methods and the gold standard. Nevertheless, the mean bias was relatively small (–0.03 mM and –0.02 mM for the 96-well plate and small-scale analyzer methods, respectively). However, this tendency to underestimate NEFA concentrations had only a minimal effect on the ability of the tests to detect cows with excessive lipid mobilization prepartum (specificity 100%; sensitivity 88.9 and 94.4% for the 96-well plate and small-scale analyzer methods, respectively). The 96-well plate and small-scale chemistry analyzer methods tested in this study are suitable for the quantification of NEFA concentrations in plasma and the dichotomous classification of samples as indicators of excessive prepartum lipid mobilization.
Co-producing science for sustainability: Can funding change knowledge use?

Abstract There is widespread belief that meaningful interaction between scientists and practitioners, or co-production, increases use of scientific knowledge about sustainability and environmental change. Although funders are increasingly encouraging co-production, there have been few empirical studies assessing the outcomes of these efforts in shaping knowledge use. In this study, we systematically analyze research project reports (n = 120) and interview project participants (n = 40) funded by the U.S. National Estuarine Research Reserve System from 1998 to 2014 to support coastal management. Our analysis shows that escalating funding requirements for collaboration with users change research practice and strengthen connections between research outcomes and knowledge use. In consequence, a new model for science funding emerges, where sponsor, researcher, and user are more interactive with one another.
Rescheduling Penalties for Economic Model Predictive Control and Closed-Loop Scheduling

The ability of online optimization to improve the dynamic performance of complex systems, particularly in production scheduling and process control applications, has led to a significant interest in, and adoption of, online optimization algorithms and techniques for a range of industries. However, these algorithms' ability to account for subtle features in complex systems may cause nonintuitive and rapid alterations to the optimal trajectory for the human operators often observing, evaluating, and, particularly in scheduling applications, executing the tasks prescribed by the optimization algorithm. In practice, these alterations are often restricted in some manner by the scheduling algorithm to alleviate operators' concerns and improve overall facility operation. Although numerous rescheduling penalties and constraints for production scheduling algorithms have been proposed, theoretical properties concerning the dynamics of these modified systems have been largely ignored. In this paper, we provide a gen...
SFLL-HLS: Stripped-Functionality Logic Locking Meets High-Level Synthesis

Logic locking has emerged as a promising countermeasure against piracy and reverse engineering attacks on integrated circuits. The state-of-the-art logic locking techniques, more specifically stripped-functionality logic locking (SFLL), offer provable security guarantees against many attacks. However, these techniques focus on protecting individual modules or even parts of a module, failing to deliver system-wide security. This paper sheds light on integrating logic locking with high-level synthesis (HLS) in an attempt to deliver system-wide security. We demonstrate the integration of SFLL with LegUp HLS tool for an image processing application.
Complete Genomic Sequences of Three Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Muenchen Strains from an Orchard in San Joaquin County, California

We present here the complete genome sequences of three Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Muenchen strains, LG24, LG25, and LG26. All three strains were isolated from almond drupes grown in an orchard in San Joaquin County, California, in 2016. These genomic sequences are nonidentical and will contribute to our understanding of S. enterica genomics.