cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Physical mapping of genes in somatic cell radiation hybrids by comparative genomic hybridization to cDNA microarrays

Somatic cell mutants can be informative in the analysis of a wide variety of cellular processes. The use of map-based positional cloning strategies in somatic cell hybrids to analyze genes responsible for recessive mutant phenotypes is often tedious, however, and remains a major obstacle in somatic cell genetics. To fulfill the need for more efficient gene mapping in somatic cell mutants, we have developed a new DNA microarray comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) method that can rapidly and efficiently map the physical location of genes complementing somatic cell mutants to a small candidate genomic region. Here we report experiments that establish the validity and efficacy of the methodology. CHO cells deficient for hypoxanthine:guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) were fused with irradiated normal human fibroblasts and subjected to HAT selection. Cy5-labeled genomic DNA from the surviving hybrids containing the HPRT gene was mixed with Cy3-labeled genomic DNA from normal CHO cells and hybridized to a microarray containing 40,185 cDNAs, representing 29,399 genes (UniGene clusters). The DNA spots with the highest Cy5:Cy3 fluorescence ratios corresponded to a group of genes mapping within a 1 Mb interval centered near position 142.7 Mb on the X chromosome, the genomic location of HPRT. The results indicate that our physical mapping method based on radiation hybrids and array-CGH should significantly enhance the speed and efficiency of positional cloning in somatic cell genetics.
High TE-polarized optical gain from AlGaN-delta-GaN quantum well for deep UV lasers

The use of ultra-thin GaN delta-layer in high Al-content AlGaN quantum wells leads to the strong valence subbands rearrangement, which in turn results in high TE-polarized optical gain at emission wavelength ∼250–300 nm.
Childhood Aggression and Peer Relations in the Context of Family and Neighborhood Factors

4 models (risk, protective, potentiator, and person-environment fit) comparing the associations among ethnicity, income, and structural characteristics of families and neighborhoods on childhood aggression and peer relations were explored. The 1,271 second- through fifth-grade (M = 9.9 years) children were assigned to 1 of 8 family types based on ethnicity, income, and household composition, and their addresses were used to define low- or middle-SES neighborhoods using neighborhood census data. Middle-SES neighborhoods operated as a protective factor for reducing aggression among children from high-risk families, interacted with family type to produce poor person-environment fit resulting in a greater likelihood of being rejected by one's peers, and potentiated the development of home play companions for children from low-risk families. Developmental and gender differences were also explored. Results are discussed in terms of the need for broader contextual factors to be considered in studying children's social and behavioral development. Language: en
Kinetics of thermal decomposition of polymers. II

The rate equations for the thermal decomposition of a polymer by a random scission reaction followed by rapid depolymerization of a constant number of monomer units from both fragments together with rapid evaporation of low molecular weight species are solved by using a different approach from that used by previous workers. The results obtained are more specific and differ slightly from previous treatments.
Thrombosed cor triatriatum sinistrum mimicking left atrial mass and causing unilateral pulmonary edema

46 year old female with history of progressive shortness of breath for 3 years associated with recurrent right lung infiltrates and hemoptisis. A computed tomography of the chest showed a left atrial mass suggestive of atrial myxoma confirmed with transesophageal echocardiogram. Contrary with findings from a dedicated EKG gated cardiac computed tomography suggestive of cor triatriatum with associated thrombus and less likely a neoplasm; findings later on confirmed during surgery. Cardiac CT offers superior spatial resolution and multi-planar image reconstructions, allowing improved characterization of cardiac structures and cardiac masses compared to other traditional cardiovascular imaging modalities.
Increased Length of Stay and Costs Associated With Weekend Admissions for Failure to Thrive

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether admission day of the week affects the length of stay (LOS) and health care costs for failure to thrive (FTT) admissions. METHODS: Administrative data were obtained for all children aged N = 23 332) with a primary admission diagnosis of FTT from 2003-2011 from 42 freestanding US hospitals. Demographic characteristics, day of admission, LOS, costs per stay, number of discharge diagnoses, primary discharge diagnoses, primary procedure code, number of radiologic and laboratory units billed during admission were obtained for each admission. Linear regression and zero-truncated Poisson regression were used for analysis. RESULTS: Weekend admission was significantly correlated with increased LOS and increased average cost ( P P CONCLUSIONS: Scheduled FTT admissions on weekends increased LOS and health care costs compared with weekday admissions of similar levels of complexity. Reduction in planned weekend admissions for FTT could significantly reduce health care costs.
A prospective study of insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and infant birth weight

Study design: Fasting serum samples from 439 women in the Massachusetts General Hospital Obstetrical Maternal Study were collected from 16-18 weeks gestation and analyzed for HOMA. GLT was collected as part of routine care. We hypothesized that both early insulin resistance and later glucose intolerance would affect infant birth weight and risk of macrosomia-related csection. We used linear regression to predict infant birth weight as a function of pre-pregnant BMI, gestational weight gain, maternal age, HOMA and GLT. Using logistic regression, we modeled risk of c-section and macrosomia as a function of those variables.
Octreotide alone or with prednisone in patients with advanced thymoma and thymic carcinoma: An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group phase II trial

Purpose To determine the objective response rate, duration of remission and toxicity of octreotide alone or with the later addition of prednisone in patients with unresectable, advanced thymic malignancies in whom the pretreatment octreotide scan was positive. Patients and Methods Forty-two patients with advanced thymoma or thymic carcinoma were entered onto the trial, of whom 38 were fully assessable (one patient had inconclusive histology; three patients had negative octreotide scan). Patients received octreotide 0.5 mg subcutaneously tid. At 2 months, patients were evaluated. Responding patients continued to receive octreotide alone; patients with progressive disease were removed from the study. All others received prednisone 0.6 mg/kg orally qid for a maximum of 1 year. Results Two complete (5.3%) and 10 partial responses (25%) were observed (four partial responses with octreotide alone; the remainder with octreotide plus prednisone). None of the six patients without pure thymoma responded. The 1- and...
The Absence of Dissent

ABSTRACT: The persistent malaise in accounting research continues to resist remedy. Hopwood (2007) argues that revitalizing academic accounting cannot be accomplished by simply working more diligently within current paradigms. Based on an analysis of articles published in Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, I show that this paradigm block is not confined to financial accounting research but extends beyond the work appearing in the so‐called premier U.S. journals. Based on this demonstration I argue that accounting academics must tolerate (and even encourage) dissent for accounting to enjoy a vital research academy.
Spectral-temporal compressive imaging

This Letter presents a compressive camera that integrates mechanical translation and spectral dispersion to compress a multi-spectral, high-speed scene onto a monochrome, video-rate detector. Experimental reconstructions of 17 spectral channels and 11 temporal channels from a single measurement are reported for a megapixel-scale monochrome camera.
A version of an E2 closed model category structure

Let X • be a pointed simplicial set. Its constant bisimplicial extension cX •• can be thought of as a resolution of X • by the zero spheres in the following sense: 1) by “flipping the axes”, cX • • can be seen as a simplicial object having in each degree a wedge of zero spheres; 2) the diagonal Δ(cX • •) is isomorphic to X •. Replacing S 0 with seine pointed simplicial set A • one can ask what is the best possible approximation of X • by a diagonal of a simplicial set having in all of its degrees wedges of A • and its suspensions, and what is the relation of this approximation to CW A X •, the A •-colocalization of X •. In this article we construct a closed model category structure in which such a resolution can be obtained by factoring the unique map from the basepoint into the given bisimplicial object as a cofibration followed by an acyclic fibration. These resolutions can be used to construct spectral sequences whose E 2-term depends on A •-homotopy of X • and ordinary homotopy of A • and which converge to the ordinary homotopy of the best possible approximation of X •by homotopy colimits of diagrams whose objects are coproducts of A • and its suspensions.
Ultra-fast self-restoring optical WDM channels with enhanced service availability

The next generation optical network will transport all existing types of payload, synchronous and asynchronous, and all types of traffic, voice, video and internet. However, because of the very high aggregate traffic per optical fiber, it is required to exhibit fast service protection. This is accomplished with a protection strategy at different levels, network, node, link, and service in order to meet network and service availability. At the link level, service availability depends by and large on signal quality performance and autonomous protection mechanisms. However, such strategy is only effective if link performance is monitored in-service that autonomously triggers a switch to protection as soon as performance falls below a threshold level. In this paper we present a self-monitoring and self-healing method applicable to optical WDM networks.
Short-pulsed Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG passively Q-switched microchip lasers

Passively Q-switched Nd: YAG/Cr4+:YAG microchip lasers have demonstrated pulse widths <150 ps. For short-pulsed operation, the pulse width is dependent on the Nd concentration and is correlated with the maximum pulse rate achievable before thermal runaway.
Intrinsic Value vs. Market Price: The Excess Return Period And That Elusive Margin Of Safety

The principle of convergence is well understood and most accept that in the long-term, market price and intrinsic value will converge. At any point in time, however, one may expect to see significant divergence between price and value. This analysis features a cross-sectional examination of 460 of the S&P 500 companies at a time when the market is under extreme duress. Of interest is the extent to which the market prices and intrinsic values of these firms are convergent, the value drivers responsible for the convergence/divergence, and the extent to which changes in the excess return period may influence valuations and, in turn, an investors margin of safety. A discriminant analysis provides a basis for distinguishing between those firms priced above and those priced below their respective intrinsic values and for identifying those variables that account for most of the between-group separation. Subsequently, intrinsic values are derived using different excess return periods and the resulting effect on the margin of safety is observed. Intrinsic values for the sample firms are derived from an estimate of free cash flow to the firm using Rappaports (1998) model.
Getting to the root of your patient's back pain.

Learn how to assess for common injuries, guide the patient through diagnosis and treatment, and teach him to protect himself from further injury.
Subjective probability and indifference

This axiom is read: If it is not the case that p is epistemically preferable to q, and it is not the case that q is epistemically preferable to r, then it is not the case that p is epistemically preferable to r. Peter Millican has pointed out that my argument against (A2) is unsound if epistemic preferability is given a probabilistic interpretation ('On the Transitivity of Epistemic Preferability', ANALYSIS 42.2, March 1982). Nicholas LaPara gives such an interpretation in 'Chisholm, Kiem, Preferability' (Ratio, June 1975). In the following two paragraphs I provide another counterexample to (A2) that also shows that epistemic preferability cannot be given a probabilistic interpretation. Suppose there are 21 buckets of water bl, b2, ... , b21 such that bucket bi contains water at i degrees centrigrade. Jim makes pairwise comparisons between bi and bi +1 where 1< i < 21 by putting his hands in the appropriate buckets. Since Jim cannot discern a temperature ditterence of I degree by this method, he is epistemically indifferent between propositions pi and pi+, where 'pi' reads 'The bucket containing water of the highest temperature of all 21 buckets is bucket i'. So if the epistemic indifference relation is transitive, Jim should be indifferent between p, and P21. However, Jim can discern a temperature difference of 20 degrees and so he is not indifferent between p, and P21. Therefore, epistemic indifference is not transitive. Since (A2) implies the transitivity of epistemic indifference, this example shows that (A2) is false. The above argument also shows that epistemic preferability cannot be given a probabilistic interpretation. If 'pPq' is read as 'p is more probable than q' then the standard definition of indifference as ~-(pPq) & (qPp) forces us to read 'pIq' as 'p and q are equiprobable'. It would then follow that the epistemic indifference relation is transitive. Since this relation has already been shown to be nontransitive, the probabilistic interpretation of epistemic preferability must be rejected.
A near-infrared, surface-enhanced, fluorophore-linked immunosorbent assay.

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is commonly used for research and clinical applications but typically suffers from a limited linear range and is difficult to multiplex. The fluorophore-linked immunosorbent assay is a closely related technique with good linear range and the ability to detect multiple antigens simultaneously but is typically less sensitive. Here, we demonstrate a near-infrared, surface-enhanced fluorophore-linked immunosorbent assay with sensitivity comparable to its enzyme-linked counterpart. A 59-fold enhancement to sensitivity (slope of linear fit) and an 8-fold improvement in LOD are demonstrated on a direct assay with rabbit immunoglobulin-G as a model system. The technique is also tested on a clinically relevant assay to detect alpha-fetoprotein, in which a 42-fold enhancement to sensitivity is demonstrated along with a 16-fold improvement in LOD. The technique enables these accomplishments while maintaining the entire traditional assay protocol and simply adding two steps at th...
Abstract B39: Effect modifiers of vitamin D receptor common polymorphisms on prostate cancer risk

Background: Studies have long proposed the influence of vitamin D and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) on prostate cancer (PCa) initiation and progression, however few studies support the association of VDR variants with PCa. The VDR is a transcription factor which binds to vitamin D and influences the expression of many genes implicated in Pca. Given the complexity of vitamin D availability, we hypothesized that the associations of VDR single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with PCa can be modified by various behavioral and biological factors. In this study, we examined VDR SNPs and PCa risk and aggressiveness in African Americans (AAs) and European Americans (EAs) and determined if the associations were modified by behavioral and biological factors that influence serum vitamin D levels, including vitamin D and calcium intake, tobacco use, body mass index (BMI), skin pigmentation, and ultraviolet radiation exposure. Methods: The total of 810 AAs and 487 EAs from Chicago, IL and Washington, D.C. were included. Seven SNPs in and around the VDR gene and 105 ancestry informative markers were genotyped. We performed logistic regression analyses adjusting for relevant variables. Results: In EAs, TaqI (rs73136) and BsmI (rs1544410) minor alleles (respectively C and A allele) revealed a protective effect against PCa, while BsmI AA genotype showed increased odds of having high grade PCa (Gleason Score ≥4+3) in AAs with OR=2.67 (95% C.I.: 1.01-7.11). We also observed evidence of interactions between VDR SNPs and behavioral and biological factors that modify serum vitamin D levels. The TaqI C allele increased odds of PCa in AAs with behavioral and biological factors that reduce serum vitamin D levels, such as low vitamin D intake, current or past tobacco use, and darker skin pigmentation. Among AA men with vitamin D intake Conclusion: Although a larger sample size is necessary to confirm our observations, our results suggest that the VDR gene is involved in PCa pathogenesis and progression, but the effects of VDR gene on PCa are modified by behavioral and biological factors that modify serum vitamin D levels. Citation Format: Ken Batai, Adam B. Murphy, Ebony Shah, Rick A. Kittles. Effect modifiers of vitamin D receptor common polymorphisms on prostate cancer risk. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eighth AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 13-16, 2015; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016;25(3 Suppl):Abstract nr B39.
Between Two Worlds: The Novels of John le Carré

The vogue of books about espionage is so ubiquitous these days that the spy ranks as one of the most potent and familiar images of modern life. Surely a reason for this is that so many British writers of the twentieth century have worked for clandestine organizations — the list would include John Buchan, Compton Mackenzie, T. E. Lawrence, Somerset Maugham, Graham Greene, Malcolm Muggeridge, Dennis Wheatley, Ian Fleming, Lawrence Durrell, C. P. Snow, possibly Rudyard Kipling. Still another would be David Cornwell, who spent five years in the British Foreign Service and started writing novels in the early 1960s under the pen-name of John le Carre.
Historical Overview and Review of the Literature

Labour relations under capitalism have been affected by numerous social forces. The formation of labour unions, strikes, mass demonstrations and political unrest, immigration, and prevailing economic conditions have all had an impact on how corporations have responded to demands for change. The emerging bureaucratic reforms in the workplace — which Quality Circles are a part of — are not new. In order to understand the contemporary debate (and its often misplaced emphasis on industrial democracy and work reform), let us examine the historical programmes and bureaucratic changes which were often linked with the notion of democratic industrial reforms.
The RCEP and Intellectual Property Normsetting in the Asia-Pacific

Commissioned for the CEIPI-ICTSD Publication Series, this article discusses the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), with a focus on intellectual property issues. The partnership is currently being negotiated among Australia, China, India, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea and members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).This article begins by briefly discussing the historical origins of the RCEP. It then examines the latest leaked draft of its intellectual property chapter. The article concludes by examining three future scenarios concerning intellectual property norm-setting in the Asia-Pacific region.
TEE in Non-cardiac Surgery: Indications, Contraindications, Probe Manipulation, and Certification

Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a safe monitoring modality with broad applications in non-cardiac surgery. A moderate amount of exposure to its use and knowledge of the principles of echocardiography can yield the practitioner competent to make basic assessments of a patient’s cardiac status and help guide initial management decisions. The practitioner should also be able to determine when the nature of the surgery or the patient’s cardiovascular status necessitates a comprehensive examination by a board certified advanced echocardiographer. Each patient should be evaluated individually to assess for contraindications and potential complications associated with the use of TEE. Most complications are associated with probe insertion and manipulation and providers should ensure that these maneuvers are performed carefully and appropriately.
A SMART approach to quality assessment of site-based spatio-temporal data

A significant challenge we face in assessing spatio-temporal data quality is a lack of ground-truth data. Error is by definition the deviation of observation from ground truth. In the absence of ground truth, we depend on our own or provider quality assessment to evaluate our methods. The focus of this paper is the development of a representative, weather-like spatio- temporal dataset and the use of this dataset to develop and evaluate a robust, interpolation-based method for assessment of data quality. We call our method the SMART method, short for Simple Mappings for the Approximation and Regression of Time series. We present this method as a representative approach to demonstrate and overcome the challenges of spatio- temporal data quality assessment. Our results bring into question the validity of provider-based quality control indicators.
What's in a Name? Demonstrating Value Through the ACRL Framework

The Information Literacy Framework from ACRL presents a nationally recognized set of skills that can be used to demonstrate the value of individual academic libraries and groups of libraries that want to benchmark learning. Not only does the Framework fill the role of the rescinded Standards, but it is a better fit for community colleges.
Sex/Gender Differences in Cotinine Levels among Daily Smokers in the Pennsylvania Adult Smoking Study

Abstract Background: This study was conducted to determine sex/gender differences in smoke exposure and to quantify the role of potential predictors including puffing behaviors, nicotine dependence, and non-nicotinic factors. Methods: The Pennsylvania Adult Smoking Study (PASS) of 332 adult cigarette smokers utilized portable handheld topography devices to capture the smokers' profiles in a naturalistic environment. Sex/gender differences in salivary biomarkers were modeled using ANCOVA to account for measures of dependence (Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, nicotine metabolite ratio [3-hydroxycotinine/cotinine]), and nondependence covariates including anthropomorphic factors and stress. The Blinder-Oaxaca method was used to decompose the sex/gender differences in nicotine uptake due to covariates. Results: Men had significantly higher cotinine levels (313.5 ng/mL vs. 255.8 ng/mL, p < 0.01), cotinine +3-hydroxycotinine levels, (0.0787 mol/L vs. 0.0675 mol/L, p = 0.01), puff volumes (52.95 mL vs. 44...
More than Just California Dreaminn?: California Labor Code 2855 and Its Applicability to Major League Baseball

This Article examines California Labor Law §2855 and explores whether it might apply to Major League Baseball (MLB) clubs operating within the state of California. Further, it attempts to answer the question of how the statute might impact California clubs, as well as those operating outside of California, if in fact it does. It will explore the history, purpose and workings of the statute – one most typically applied to artists and creatives such as Hollywood actors – as well as its public policy aims to see whether the concerns that underpin the language and subsequent judicial interpretation of §2855 are likewise present in modern day professional baseball. For if they are there is a strong argument that the statute applies to the creatives pursing their craft on the diamond just as it does to those who perform on the sound stage. This Article will also examine the issue of federal pre-emption given that player relations within MLB are governed by a collective bargaining agreement negotiated pursuant to the National Labor Relations Act. It will explore how the statute has been applied historically and how the “anti-collusion” language written into MLB’s collective bargaining agreement might hinder club owners’ ability to prevent their players from exercising their rights under §2855. It will also scrutinize the potential nexus between §2855 and baseball’s arbitration rules to see if perhaps some small tweaks of these rules might bring baseball into compliance with the statute surprisingly easily. And finally this Article will take a look at the practical impact the application of §2855 might have on California clubs as well as MLB overall and will show that without its realizing it, baseball has been inching towards compliance with the statute in recent years. As this Article will conclude, rather than ushering in the End of Days of baseball in California as some fear, formally applying §2855 to MLB might very well provide California clubs with negotiating advantages relative to their non-California brethren when it comes to the wooing of free agents. For all of these reasons, this Article argues that, rather than fight it, both MLB and its California clubs ought to instead embrace §2855 as one way or the other, they will be following many of its dictates in the not-so-distant future.
PET/CT Assessment in an in vivo Canine Model of Osteoarthritis with FDG and Na18F

1956 Learning Objectives Learning Objectives: The aim of this exhibit is to describe the methodology used on how to serially image a OAI canine model using PET/CT of an anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) using FDG and Na18F. Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by degradation and loss of articular cartilage, and remodeling of underlying bone. PET FDG reflects glucose metabolism and can detect inflammation. FDG PET can demonstrate the site of synovitis and bone marrow lesions associated with OA. NaF PET allows noninvasive assessment of regional bone formation. The aim of this presentation is to describe how to serially image the knees and body in an in vivo anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) canine model using FDG and Na18F PET/CT. Methods: Beagles underwent ACLT in one knee via arthroscopy, the contralateral knee served as control. Under general anesthesia, the dogs underwent FDG (before, 3, 6 and 12 weeks after ACLT) and Na18F PET/CT. The canine was placed in supine position in a custom made table, with the legs extended in a custom made foam support, to mimic the same position that the dog will have in the MRI when placed in the human knee coil (Fig. 1). A survey and an attenuation scan were performed. Followed by FDG or Na18F injection (3 mCi) in the cephalic vein via intravenous catheter. A knee dynamic scan was performed for 30 minutes (5 min/frame) followed by a 20 min. body scan, 20 min. dynamic knee scan and 20 min. body scan. At the end of the scan a second attenuation scan was performed. The total protocol scan time was 95 min. The PET/CT was performed using a Philips Gemini TF 64 PET-CT system. Results: The methodology followed allowed to serially analyze all the scans in a consistent manner, which allowed us to reproduce each scan. Conclusion: PET/CT Assessment in an in vivo OA Canine Model with FDG and Na18F allowed us to perform consistent scans. This presentation details how to serially imaging the knees and body in an in vivo anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) canine model using FDG and Na18F PET/CT.
A frequency-shaping methodology for discrete-time sliding mode control

This paper proposes a frequency shaping methodology for performance enhancement of discrete-time sliding mode control for systems with narrow band disturbances. This approach augments the sliding m...
Mesenchymal Tumors, Part I: Tumors of Fibrous, Fibrohistiocytic, and Muscle Origin

Tumors generally regarded as fibrous or fibrohistiocytic in nature include inflammatory pseudotumors (inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors), intrapulmonary localized fibrous tumors, cystic fibrohistiocytic tumors, cystic mesenchymal hamartomas, malignant fibrous histiocytomas, and fibrosarcomas. In recognition of their greater frequency in the pleura, localized fibrous tumors (LFTs) are primarily discussed in Chapter 43 on pleural neoplasms; in this chapter only the intrapulmonary variants of LFTs are considered. Likewise, in view of their greater frequency in younger age groups, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors and congenital peribronchial myofibroblastic tumors are discussed in Chapter 42 on pediatric tumors.
A more efficient BDD-based QBF solver

In this paper we present a QBF solver that is based on BDD technologies but includes optimizations from search-based algorithms. We enhance the early quantification technique from model checking, favoring aggressive quantification over conjunction of BDDs. BDD Constraint propagation is also described, a strategy inspired by the efficient simplifications applied to CNFs in DPLL-based algorithms. Some dynamic variable elimination heuristics that enforce quantification and bounded space usage are also presented, coping with the difficulties faced by static heuristics included in previous BDD-based solvers. Experimental results show that our solver outperforms both symbolic and search-based competitive solvers in formal verification benchmarks with practical applications in equivalence checking and theorem proving, by completing more problems or finishing in less time. Some preliminary results also show that the solver is able to handle some other hard problems for symbolic solvers in the planning domain with similar efficiency. The benchmarks we used contain QBFs of nearly up to 9000 variables and are available at the QBFLIB website.
Physiology and Anatomy of the Liver

This chapter will review the anatomy and physiology of the liver relevant to anesthetic management during complex liver surgery. Anesthetic management of the patient with chronic liver disease requires an understanding of the alterations induced in cirrhosis that affect many organ systems. Liver surgery for ablation of tumors may reduce the functional mass of the liver resulting in systemic changes that alter hemodynamics and renal function. In liver transplantation, the body is deprived of all liver function during the implantation and may receive a new liver with impaired initial function. All types of liver surgery may accentuate hepatic ischemia with reperfusion, inducing systemic changes both acute and chronic. Thus, an understanding of the liver, and its structure and function, is critical in managing the changes of the liver induced during surgery. This knowledge, applied throughout the perioperative period by anesthesiologists with interest in liver disease, has been a major factor in the markedly improved outcomes of liver surgery during the past 50 years, and especially since the era of liver transplantation.
Lymphocyte Effector Molecules: Mechanism of Human-Lymphotoxin Induced in Vitro Target Cell Destruction and Role in PHA-Induced Lymphocyte-Target Cell Cytolysis

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on lymphocyte response as a model of cell-mediated immunity. The initial response (recognition) by lymphocytes to either antigens to which the donor of the cells is sensitized or to allogeneic cells involves, at least in part, different cell populations responding to the different stimuli. Likewise, at least partial specificity was demonstrated by cells sensitized in vitro in the mixed leukocyte culture reaction in terms of an in vitro cytotoxic reaction mediated by such cells. On the other hand, the adherent cell requirement for the MLC reaction appeared to be nonspecific, as were a variety of soluble “factors” which could influence lymphocyte response. Lymphocytes from animals primed with certain antigens undergo blast transformation and mitosis in vitro when cultured with the priming antigen. It was demonstrated that different populations of antigen-specific precursor cells exist in the spleens of immunized mice. It was also observed that addition of cell-lethal amounts of tritiated thymidine to cultured cells dividing in response to sheep erythrocytes left a cell population which could no longer produce plaque-forming cells to the homologous antigen but would produce plaque-forming cells in response to a heterologous non-cross-reacting antigen.
Do health beliefs affect pain perception after pectus excavatum repair

The pain experience is highly variable among patients. Psychological mindsets, in which individuals view a particular characteristic as either fixed or changeable, have been demonstrated to influence people’s actions and perceptions in a variety of settings including school, sports, and interpersonal. The purpose of this study was to determine if health mindsets influence the pain scores and immediate outcomes of post-operative surgical patients. As part of a multi-institutional, prospective, randomized clinical trial involving patients undergoing a minimally invasive pectus excavatum repair of pectus excavatum, patients were surveyed to determine whether they had a fixed or growth health mindset. Their post-operative pain was followed prospectively and scored on a Visual Analog Scale and outcomes were measured according to time to oral pain medication use. Fifty patients completed the Health Beliefs survey, 17 had a fixed mindset (8 epidural, 9 PCA) and 33 had a growth mindset (17 epidural, 16 PCA). Patients with a growth mindset had lower post-operative pain scores than patients with a fixed mindset although pain medication use was not different. This is the first usage of health mindsets as a means to characterize the perception of pain in the post-operative period. Mindset appears to make a difference in how patients perceive and report their pain. Interventions to improve a patient’s mindset could be effective in the future to improve pain control and patient satisfaction.
‘Ultimate’ Facts? Zalabardo on the Metaphysics of Truth

Zalabardo argues that the Tractatus account of picturing is a direct and successful refutation of Russell’s ‘multiple relation’ theory of judgment, its role being ontological: Wittgenstein replaces...
Defining pediatric polypharmacy: A scoping review.

Objectives Lack of consensus regarding the semantics and definitions of pediatric polypharmacy challenges researchers and clinicians alike. We conducted a scoping review to describe definitions and terminology of pediatric polypharmacy. Methods Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane CENTRAL, and the Web of Science Core Collection databases were searched for English language articles with the concepts of “polypharmacy” and “children”. Data were extracted about study characteristics, polypharmacy terms and definitions from qualifying studies, and were synthesized by disease conditions. Results Out of 4,398 titles, we included 363 studies: 324 (89%) provided numeric definitions, 131 (36%) specified duration of polypharmacy, and 162 (45%) explicitly defined it. Over 81% (n = 295) of the studies defined polypharmacy as two or more medications or therapeutic classes. The most common comprehensive definitions of pediatric polypharmacy included: two or more concurrent medications for ≥1 day (n = 41), two or more concurrent medications for ≥31 days (n = 15), and two or more sequential medications over one year (n = 12). Commonly used terms included polypharmacy, polytherapy, combination pharmacotherapy, average number, and concomitant medications. The term polypharmacy was more common in psychiatry literature while epilepsy literature favored the term polytherapy. Conclusions Two or more concurrent medications, without duration, for ≥1 day, ≥31 days, or sequentially for one year were the most common definitions of pediatric polypharmacy. We recommend that pediatric polypharmacy studies specify the number of medications or therapeutic classes, if they are concurrent or sequential, and the duration of medications. We propose defining pediatric polypharmacy as “the prescription or consumption of two or more distinct medications for at least one day”. The term “polypharmacy” should be included among key words and definitions in manuscripts.
Twin Auxilary Classifiers GAN

Conditional generative models enjoy remarkable progress over the past few years. One of the popular conditional models is Auxiliary Classifier GAN (AC-GAN), which generates highly discriminative images by extending the loss function of GAN with an auxiliary classifier. However, the diversity of the generated samples by AC-GAN tends to decrease as the number of classes increases, hence limiting its power on large-scale data. In this paper, we identify the source of the low diversity issue theoretically and propose a practical solution to solve the problem. We show that the auxiliary classifier in AC-GAN imposes perfect separability, which is disadvantageous when the supports of the class distributions have significant overlap. To address the issue, we propose Twin Auxiliary Classifiers Generative Adversarial Net (TAC-GAN) that further benefits from a new player that interacts with other players (the generator and the discriminator) in GAN. Theoretically, we demonstrate that TAC-GAN can effectively minimize the divergence between the generated and real-data distributions. Extensive experimental results show that our TAC-GAN can successfully replicate the true data distributions on simulated data, and significantly improves the diversity of class-conditional image generation on real datasets.
Towards Online Deep Learning-Based Energy Forecasting

Deep learning, as an increasingly powerful and popular data analysis tool, has the potential to improve smart grid operation. One critical issue is that the accuracy of deep learning relies heavily on the integrity of the training dataset, and the data collection process is time-consuming and complex, resulting in that the applying deep learning may not satisfy the needs of time-sensitive applications. Moreover, in the smart grid, predictions must be timely, and cannot wait for the initial dataset to be completely collected by the sensors. Also, the traditional centralized data analytics structure requires the entire dataset to be uploaded to the cloud datacenter for analysis, which incurs significant network resource and increases network congestion. To address these problems, in this paper we consider the allocation of deep learning at the network edge and directly in the Internet of Things (IoT) devices and design an online learning approach to enable small data subset training and continuous model updating to ensure accuracy requirements in time-sensitive environments. In our online learning approach, we implement the Just Another Network model, an optimized Long-Short Term Memory neural network model, to reduce the computation overhead for the deep learning training process. We evaluate our approach using real-world smart grid dataset. Our experimental results show that our online learning approach significantly reduces the training time while satisfying the accuracy requirements.
SPIRITUALITY IN CHRONIC PAIN SELF-MANAGEMENT: LOWER USE BUT EQUAL IMPORTANCE IN OLDER AFRICAN AMERICANS.

Spirituality is a key social determinant of health for African Americans (AAs) and strongly impacts management of chronic pain. Older AAs (average age 68± 12.37) from urban and rural communities completed questionnaires (N= 110) and audio-recorded, semi-structured individual interviews (N= 18) describing osteoarthritis pain self-management. Prayer was used by 42% of AAs, with substantially fewer attending church (23.6%), watching religious television or reading the Bible/Christian literature (20.9%), listening to gospel music (18.2%), and laying of hands (8.2%). Interestingly, prayer and church attendance were the only pain strategies rated by more participants as very helpful. Regardless of religiosity, most AAs believed that spirituality was “an important aspect, whether we realize it always or not”. Specifically, prayer was considered “number one… ‘cause I know it’s gonna be all right once I do pray…prayer help heal the pain”. Spiritual strategies remain integral for chronic pain self-management despite lower than expected use among AAs.
Objective characterization of an in-line phase sensitive imaging prototype using a mid-energy beam

The goal of this study was to perform a characterization study for an in-line phase contrast x-ray imaging prototype with a mid-energy source. Compared to similar prototypes that use high energies, the mid-energy system offers better balancing between the attenuation and phase induced contrasts. An inline phase sensitive prototype acquired all images for this study. The prototype utilizes a microfocus x-ray tube and a flat panel detector, aligned on an optical rail. The source-to-object distance (SOD) was set to 68.58cm while the source-to-image distance (SID) was set to 150.876cm for a magnification of 𝑀 = 2.2. The modulation transfer function (MTF), noise power spectrum (NPS), and detective quantum efficiency (DQE) were calculated for the prototype with source potentials of 60, 90, and 120kV. The oversampled MTF was calculated for each setting. NPS experiments were conducted with a virtual detector set at the SOD. Exposure at the SID was approximately the same for all NPS experiments. The 90 and 120kVp beams were directed through a 2.5mm Al filter, while 60kVp beams were sent through a 1.2mm Al filter. Results indicate that 60kV imaging yields lower amplitude noise than high energy imaging, while maintaining the same resolving power. The cutoff frequency for each source potential was approximately 14 line pairs per mm (lp/mm). The DQE(0) for 60kV, 90kV, and 120kV were 0.757, 0.564, and 0.571 respectively. The study confirmed the hypothesis that 60kVp phase sensitive x-ray imaging yields a higher DQE than those found at 90 and 120kVp.
2D Map Estimation via Teacher-Forcing Unsupervised Learning

Existing global optimization mapping is prone to time-consuming parameter fine tuning of scan matching. In this work, we propose a novel map estimation method via cascading scan-to-map local matching with Deep Neural Network (DNN). Scan-to-map local matching firstly acts as a teacher to provide a coarse pose estimation, then a DNN is trained in an unsupervised learning fashion by exploiting the self-contradictory occupancy status of the point clouds. On the other hand, in order to cope with the mismatch problem caused by variable point number of a scan and fixed input size of DNN, a data hiding strategy is proposed. Experiments are conducted on three LiDAR datasets we collected from real-world scenarios. The visualization results of final maps demonstrate that our method, teacher-forcing unsupervised learning, is able to produce 2D occupancy map very close to the real world, which outperforms pure DeepMapping as well as ICP-warm-started DeepMapping. We further demonstrated that our results are comparable with those from traditional Bundle Adjustment (BA) method, without the need for parameter fine tuning.
Effects of kenaf filler reinforcement on mechanical properties of molded polypropylene composites: A particle size study:

The combination of natural fibers in petroleum plastic soften industrial footprints on the environment. Plastic matrix can be filled with renewable resources leading to a greener composite that is ...
Port-Site Metastasis in Gynecological Malignancies.

Background Minimally invasive oncologic surgery has become the standard of care in many gynecologic cancers. While laparoscopic surgery provides many benefits to patients, such as faster recovery, there are unique challenges associated with minimally invasive techniques. Port-site metastasis is a rare complication after laparoscopic oncologic surgery in management of gynecologic malignancies. Methods We present the case of a 44-year-old female with isolated port-site recurrence following laparoscopic radical hysterectomy with node-negative, clinical stage IB1 cervical adenocarcinoma. In addition, we provide an updated review of the literature on management and oncologic outcomes of port-site metastasis. Conclusion Port-site metastasis prevention necessitates a better understanding of underlying risk factors and pathophysiology in order to optimize outcomes. Future studies are needed on risk-reducing strategies and standardization of management for port-site metastasis.
Abstract 42: Patient-Provider Communication in the Setting of Advanced Cancer: Experience and Views from Rwanda

Purpose: Caring for patients with advanced cancer involves complex patient-provider communication (PPC), including disclosure of diagnosis, discussion of prognosis, decision-making about treatment, delivery of bad news, and transitions in goals of care. Values and norms that influence PPC differ across diverse cultural and socioeconomic contexts. We aimed to characterize PPC experiences and preferences among patients and providers at Butaro Hospital in Rwanda, understand facilitators and barriers to high quality PPC, and collect suggestions for improvement. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 11 oncology providers and 11 adult patients with advanced cancer. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, translated to English, coded using software, and analyzed using framework thematic analysis. Results: Participants reported both strengths and opportunities for improvement in PPC at Butaro. Strengths include routine explanation of diagnosis, treatment plan, and potential side effects, aided by a consent form and a dedicated counselor. Patients reported that PPC focuses on symptoms and treatment plan discussion, but is limited in truth telling about prognosis, especially when goals of care transition from curative to palliative. Facilitators to quality PPC include multidisciplinary team commitment, patient trust toward providers, provider communication style, and strong resilience in distressing clinical situations. While patients perceived power imbalance between patients and providers as the main barrier to PPC, providers cited inadequate time due to work overload, discomfort facing sad situations, and unfavorable physical environment as main barriers. Suggestions to improve PPC include training providers in communication skills, patient and family education and empowerment, more time and private spaces, and standardizing approaches to harmonize PPC. Conclusion: PPC at Butaro works well though there is room for improvement. Understanding how cultural norms and values regarding poor prognoses influence patient and provider communication preferences can inform strategies to improve PPC and ensure patient-centered care in Rwanda and similar settings. Citation Format: Pacifique Uwamahoro, Hubert Tuyishime, Vincent Cubaka, Egide Mpanumusingo, Anita Ho, Katherine Van Loon, Rebecca J. DeBoer. Patient-Provider Communication in the Setting of Advanced Cancer: Experience and Views from Rwanda [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Global Cancer Research and Control: Looking Back and Charting a Path Forward; 2021 Mar 10-11. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021;30(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 42.