cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
CIU and main event analyses of the structured discourse of older and younger adults.

Correct information unit (CIU) and main event analyses are quantitative measures for analyzing discourse of individuals with aphasia. Comparative data from healthy younger (YG) and older (OD) adults and an investigation of the influence of stimuli type would considerably extend the usefulness of such analyses. The objectives were (a) to compare discourse ability of younger and older healthy adults, and (b) to investigate influence of stimuli type on performance. Seventeen younger and 17 older healthy adults participated. Language samples obtained were analyzed for CIU and proportion of main events. Results indicated the YG group produced more accurate, relevant, and informative content than the OD group, and participants expressed more main events in response to sequential picture stimuli, regardless of age. We conclude that clinicians should consider stimuli type when measuring discourse ability. Age should also be considered when comparing performance of adults with brain damage to that of healthy adults. Learning outcomes: The reader will be able to: (a) recognize the importance of obtaining information about discourse performance in both older and younger healthy adults; (b) identify the purposes of CIU analysis and main event analysis for examining discourse; and (c) appreciate the potential influences of different language elicitation procedures on the discourse obtained from a task.
The importance of shoulder external rotation in activities of daily living: improving outcomes in traumatic brachial plexus palsy.

Purpose To define the importance of shoulder external rotation in activities of daily living in normal individuals to better understand how restoration of shoulder external rotation in traumatic brachial plexus palsy could improve patient function. Methods Thirty-one normal individuals performed 12 common activities of daily living (ADLs) wearing a custom shoulder orthosis designed to selectively limit shoulder external rotation to 3 different settings, ranging from 0° (most restrictive) to 90° (least restrictive) of external rotation. Outcomes were measured with a visual analog scale of perceived difficulty in accomplishing the ADLs with each orthosis setting and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire administered after each set of 12 ADLs was completed. Results Subjects perceived increasing difficulty during all ADLs tested and registered higher disability scores with increasing restriction of shoulder external rotation. The ADLs requiring motions predominantly above the waist exhibited more marked and earlier changes in visual analog scale scores with increasing shoulder external rotation restriction. Conclusions Traditionally, surgeons have pursued restoration of shoulder abduction and forward elevation in secondary reconstruction of traumatic brachial plexus injuries. Recently, the concept of preferentially restoring shoulder external rotation has been proposed, without clear evidence in the literature of the role of shoulder external rotation in ADLs. Clinical relevance Our results support the notion that restoring shoulder external rotation in the treatment of traumatic brachial plexus palsy patients might improve outcomes by decreasing patient disability and increasing the ability to perform ADLs.
Capital Markets Union: the Key to European Future

Recent data indicate that the European Union (EU) and its common currency area (Eurozone) are entering a cyclical upturn phase. The mixture of recent EU policies, mainly the “fiscal compact” and the outright monetary transactions (OMT) approach by the European Central Bank (ECB), together with a radical depreciation of the Euro, (about 25 %) appear to do the job. However, in the next decade or so, the EU in general and the Eurozone in particular will face a complex set of challenges. Most important of those will be the continuing rise of emerging markets, with its asymmetric impact on Eurozone member economies (Chen, Milesi-Ferretti and Tressel, IMF Working Paper, 12/236, 2012.) This will only exacerbate increasing divergencies between countries on the Mediterranean littoral and countries north of the Alps. Finally, demographic dynamics will exert influence over both productivity and fiscal positions. To confront these challenges successfully, restoration of growth is imperative for the future of the EU and the Eurozone future. Such growth must improve competitiveness and should arrest and hopefully reverse divergence tendencies.Venture capital firms are the key vehicle for the creation and financing of new innovative companies, which in turn are the essence of dynamic, productivity enhancing growth. The actual funds for venture capital come from existing financial establishments, technically termed “limited investors”. (In the US these include pension funds, university endowments, insurance companies, and various investment and hedge funds.) To be able to allocate a relatively small part of their funds to high-risk but high-expected-return venture capital, the “limited investors” need the continuous ability to diversify and hedge the rest of their portfolios (i.e. to optimize the overall portfolio’s risk-return configuration). This in turn requires the financial markets which are broad (in terms of the number of instruments available to trade), deep (in terms of the large number of instruments Atl Econ J (2015) 43:517–518 DOI 10.1007/s11293-015-9478-y
Differences in postingestive metabolism of glutamate and glycine between C57BL/6ByJ and 129P3/J mice

Amino acids are essential nutrients for living organisms. There are genetic differences in voluntary consumption of amino acids among mouse strains. In two-bottle preference tests, C57BL/6ByJ (B6) mice consume more glutamate (Glu) and glycine (Gly) solutions than do 129P3/J (129) mice. To examine the role of postingestive metabolism of these amino acids in regulation of their intake, we compared metabolism of orally administered Glu and Gly in B6 and 129 mice. After administration of Glu, there were increases in circulating glucose and insulin in B6 mice, whereas 129 mice had elevated blood alanine and body temperature. After ingestion of Gly, B6 mice had increases in blood glucose, whereas there was an elevation of body temperature in 129 mice. These data suggest that B6 mice preferentially convert ingested Glu and Gly to glucose in contrast to 129 mice, which preferentially use them for thermogenesis. This study strongly supports the hypothesis that the metabolic fate of a nutrient plays an important regulatory role in control of its intake. This is the first detailed study of mouse strain differences in amino acid metabolism.
Thioredoxin Reductase Activity in Rat Liver Is Not Affected by Supranutritional Levels of Monomethylated Selenium In Vivo and Is Inhibited Only by High Levels of Selenium In Vitro

Thioredoxin reductase is a selenoenzyme responsible for maintaining thioredoxin in the reduced form. Because thioredoxin is involved in many cellular processes, thioredoxin reductase is likely to be an important regulatory protein for both normal and transformed cells. Monomethylated selenium compounds inhibit carcinogenesis. In the present study, we investigated whether methylated forms of selenium would alter thioredoxin reductase activity in rats. The liver enzyme was used as a model system. Se-methylselenocysteine and methylseleninic acid consumed by rats at 2 microg Se/g diet for 3, 6, 10 or 22 wk did not affect activity compared with a basal diet containing 0.1 microg Se/g. The direct addition of 50 micromol dimethyl diselenide or dimethyl selenenylsulfide per L to liver extracts significantly inhibited thioredoxin reductase activity by approximately 60%. The magnitude of inhibition was dependent on the amount of thioredoxin in the assay and was reversible by dialysis, suggesting that a competitive type of inhibition occurs in vitro. Although thioredoxin reductase can be inhibited by high levels of selenium in a cell-free system, it should be noted that such a condition is unlikely to be attainable in vivo. Caution needs to be exercised in interpreting the in vitro results.
Traumatic ventricular septal defects

Abstract Two previously unreported cases of traumatic ventricular septal defect are presented. One, which is an unusual occurrence, has been diagnosed on clinical evidence as a ventricular septal defect resulting from a gunshot wound of the chest. The defect has been successfully repaired in one of the patients. The etiology, prognosis and indications for operation in these cases are briefly discussed.
Genetic‐algorithm optimization of dipole equivalent‐circuit models

In this paper, we use a genetic-algorithm GA technique to optimize equialent-circuit models of an antenna system. Two broad- band equialent-circuit models with component alues are optimized by use of the genetic algorithm. The first is a conentional RLC network, while the second introduces a new technique that makes use of transmis- sion-line segments as well as lumped components. Both equialent circuits exhibit good impedance fidelity oer a bandwidth exceeding fie octaes, including the fundamental through the fourth oertone response. 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 27: 259261, 2000.
Light-Oxidized Flavor Development and Vitamin A Degradation in Chocolate Milk

Samples of several chocolate milk formulations were exposed to light to determine if the components masked and/or prevented light-oxidized flavors or prevented photodegradation of vitamin A. Chocolate flavor added either before or after light exposure masked light-oxidized flavor (P<0.05). Neither carrageenan nor chocolate color prevented development of light-oxidized flavor. Vitamin A degradation was reduced by the addition of carrageenan alone or in combination with chocolate dairy powder (chocolate flavor and color), chocolate color or chocolate flavor (P<0.05).
Regulation of the Expression of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 by E2A and Id Proteins

The helix-loop-helix transcription factor E2A plays important roles not only in promoting cellular differentiation but also in suppressing cell growth. Id proteins, the inhibitors of E2A, have opposite effects on cell differentiation and growth. To understand the mechanisms by which E2A suppresses cell growth, we examined the role of E2A in regulating the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21CIP1/WAF1/SD11, which prevents cell cycle progression upon overexpression. By using transient-cotransfection assays of luciferase reporter constructs in HeLa cells, we have found that overexpression of E2A can transcriptionally activate the p21 gene. To identify the sequences that mediate this activation in the promoter of the p21 gene, we carried out mutational analyses. Out of the eight putative E2A-binding sequences (E1 to E8) in the promoter, the E1 to E3 sequences located close to the transcription start site are found to be essential. In addition, loss of the E boxes in the promoter also reduces p21 expression without cotransfection with E2A in HIT pancreatic cells, where the endogenous E2A-like activity is high. Furthermore, we have also shown that overexpression of E2A in 293T cells activates expression of the endogenous p21 gene at both the levels of mRNA and protein. In correlation with the finding that E47 overexpression leads to growth arrest in NIH 3T3 cells, we have shown that Id1 overexpression in NIH 3T3 cells accelerates cell growth and inhibits p21 expression. Taken together, these results provide insight into the mechanisms by which E2A and Id proteins control cell growth.
Frequency response of fiber optic ultrasound sensors

In this work the response of an embedded fiber optic ultrasound sensor has been investigated. Calculations were performed which model the fiber as a cylindrical elastic inclusion subjected to obliquely incident harmonic plane waves. The phase shift of the light traveling in the fiber was calculated along the principal strain axes as a function of frequency and incident angle. Experiments were performed to validate the calculations. Induced phase shifts were measured for the case of normally incident ultrasound impinging upon a submerged and an embedded fiber sensor. The case of obliquely incident ultrasound was also investigated for an embedded fiber at angles up to 4 degrees. The experimental measurements were performed over a bandwidth from 2 MHz to 8 MHz.
Dynamically adjustable annular laser trapping based on axicons

To study the chemotactic response of sperm to an egg and to characterize sperm motility, an annular laser trap based on axicons is designed, simulated with the ray-tracing tool, and implemented. The diameter of the trapping ring can be adjusted dynamically for a range of over 400 microm by simply translating one axicon along the optical axis. Trapping experiments with microspheres and dog sperm demonstrate the feasibility of the system, and the power requirement agrees with theoretical expectation. This new type of laser trapping could provide a prototype of a parallel, objective, and quantitative tool for animal fertility and biotropism study.
At the Cutting Edge or the Center of the Storm? Innovation in Public Health Through Health Promotion and Education in State Health Departments

Health promotion and education components of state health agencies are at the center of the application of modern public health practice. Two reports on the future of public health, issued 15 years apart, detailed the changing nature and systemic problems of public health in the late 20th century (1) and identified the challenges in improving the public's health as we head into the 21st century (2). State health agencies — in collaboration with federal partners, community organizations, and health care systems — clearly play a critical role in ensuring the public's health. In response to these contemporary public health issues, the health promotion and education components of state health agencies have rapidly evolved, gaining the capacity to address newly recognized public health problems and become key players in ensuring that community and public health problems are addressed through cutting-edge public health strategies. These strategies include community mobilization, coalition building, and community-based interventions; integration of policy advocacy and media advocacy into comprehensive interventions; collaborations with academic institutions and other partners to advance the translation of research into practice; and the adoption of the social–ecological approach to public health interventions, in which the interplay of multiple interventions at multiple levels of society combine to provide the impact necessary to address deep problems. This issue of Preventing Chronic Disease highlights several innovative health promotion and education initiatives conducted by state health agencies, showing not only the breadth of public health issues addressed by these agencies but also the scope of complex strategic issues undertaken by the leadership of these organizations.
Hyperglycemia Is a Major Determinant of Albumin Permeability in Diabetic Microcirculation: The Role of μ-Calpain

Increased permeability to albumin is a well-known feature of diabetic microvasculature and a negative prognostic factor of vascular complications. The mechanisms responsible for loss of the physiological albumin barrier in diabetic organs remain only partially understood. We have recently demonstrated that the protease μ-calpain is activated in hyperglycemia, which causes endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation. In the present study, we investigated whether μ-calpain is involved in the hyperpermeability of the diabetic vasculature. We also investigated the mechanistic roles of hyperglycemia and leukocyte adhesion in this process. Albumin permeability in the intact microcirculation of the Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat was quantified by intravital microscopy. Extravasation of albumin in the microcirculation of ZDF rats was significantly increased when compared with nondiabetic Zucker lean (ZL) rats. Microvascular albumin leakage was prevented by either antisense depletion of μ-calpain or pharmacological inhibition of calpain in vivo. Calpain inhibition also attenuated urinary albumin excretion in ZDF rats. Glucose concentrations in the range of those found in the blood of ZDF rats increased albumin permeability in nondiabetic ZL rats. Thus, this demonstrates a mechanistic role for hyperglycemia in the hypermeability of diabetes. Depletion of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vivo failed to prevent glucose-induced hypermeability, which suggests that hyperglycemia can disrupt the physiological endothelial cell barrier of the microcirculation, even in the absence of increased overt leukocyte-endothelium interactions.
The repertoire of glycan determinants in the human glycome

The number of glycan determinants that comprise the human glycome is not known. This uncertainty arises from limited knowledge of the total number of distinct glycans and glycan structures in the human glycome, as well as limited information about the glycan determinants recognized by glycan-binding proteins (GBPs), which include lectins, receptors, toxins, microbial adhesins, antibodies, and enzymes. Available evidence indicates that GBP binding sites may accommodate glycan determinants made up of 2 to 6 linear monosaccharides, together with their potential side chains containing other sugars and modifications, such as sulfation, phosphorylation, and acetylation. Glycosaminoglycans, including heparin and heparan sulfate, comprise repeating disaccharide motifs, where a linear sequence of 5 to 6 monosaccharides may be required for recognition. Based on our current knowledge of the composition of the glycome and the size of GBP binding sites, glycoproteins and glycolipids may contain ∼3000 glycan determinants with an additional ∼4000 theoretical pentasaccharide sequences in glycosaminoglycans. These numbers provide an achievable target for new chemical and/or enzymatic syntheses, and raise new challenges for defining the total glycome and the determinants recognized by GBPs.
The distribution of thiamin and pyridoxine in the western tropical North Atlantic Amazon River plume

B-vitamins are recognized as essential organic growth factors for many organisms, although little is known about their abundance and distribution in marine ecosystems. Despite their metabolic functions regulating important enzymatic reactions, the methodology to directly measure different B-vitamins in aquatic environments has only recently been developed. Here, we present the first direct measurements of two B-vitamins, thiamin (B1), and pyridoxine (B6), in the Amazon River plume-influenced western tropical North Atlantic (WTNA) Ocean, an area known to have high productivity, carbon (C) and dinitrogen (N2) fixation, and C sequestration. The vitamins B1 and B6 ranged in concentrations from undetectable to 230 and 40 pM, respectively. Significantly higher concentrations were measured in the surface plume water at some stations and variation with salinity was observed, suggesting a possible riverine influence on those B-vitamins. The influences of vitamins B1 and B6 on biogeochemical processes such as C and N2 fixation were investigated using a linear regression model that indicated the availability of those organic factors could affect these rates in the WTNA. In fact, significant increases in C fixation and N2 fixation were observed with increasing vitamin B1 concentrations at some low and mesohaline stations (stations 9.1 and 1; p value <0.017 and <0.03, respectively). N2 fixation was also found to have a significant positive correlation with B1 concentrations at station 1 (p value 0.029), as well as vitamin B6 at station 9.1 (p value <0.017). This work suggests that there can be a dynamic interplay between essential biogeochemical rates (C and N2 fixation) and B-vitamins, drawing attention to potential roles of B-vitamins in ecosystem dynamics, community structure, and global biogeochemistry.
Single molecule sensitivity and electrically controlled fluorescence detection in integrated planar ARROW waveguides

We discuss fluorescence detection in two-dimensional interconnected solid and liquid-core ARROW waveguides. We demonstrate single molecule sensitivity and electrical control of analyte flow for deterministic generation of optical signals with ultra-high sensitivity.
SecA2 is distinct from SecA in immunogenic specificity, subcellular distribution and requirement for membrane anchoring in Streptococcus parasanguis

A secA2 gene is present in the genomes of a wide variety of Gram-positive bacteria. In Streptococcus parasanguis, a primary colonizer of the tooth surface, secA2 is involved in the secretion of a small group of proteins including the fimbrial adhesin, Fap1. Although the substrate specificity is different, SecA2 is predicted to be similar to SecA in structure and function based on the homology between these two proteins. In this study, polyclonal antibodies against SecA2 and SecA did not cross-react with each other, indicating that these two proteins possessed distinct immunogenic epitopes. Fractionation analysis demonstrated that SecA2 was not evenly distributed between the cytoplasmic membrane and the cytoplasm as was noted for SecA. SecA2 was associated with the membrane in the wild type and in secA2 mutants with different regions deleted. The subcellular distribution of SecA2 was not dependent on secY2, suggesting that the membrane association is not through SecY2. These data suggested that SecA2 is distinct from SecA in many respects such as substrate specificity, immunogenic specificity, subcellular distribution and requirement for membrane anchoring.
A daily diary investigation of discrimination and binge eating among lesbian women

A DAILY DIARY INVESTIGATION OF DISCRIMINATION AND BINGE EATING AMONG LESBIAN WOMEN Tyler Bruce Mason Old Dominion University, 2015 Director: Dr. Robin J. Lewis Lesbian women may experience discrimination because of their gender and their sexual orientation termed sexism and heterosexism, respectively. Both sexism and heterosexism are associated with increased psychological distress and negative affect among lesbian women. Furthermore, preliminary evidence suggests that heterosexism is associated with binge eating among lesbian women. However, the relationship between discrimination and binge eating has received limited empirical examination. This study examined associations between sexism and heterosexism, negative affect, and binge eating using a daily diary methodology. Participants were recruited online through social media and LGBT organizations after completing an online eligibility survey with measures of demographics, binge eating, social isolation, and lesbian and feminist identity. A sample of thirty eligible women (i.e., 18-30 year old lesbian women who reported binge eating in the past week) completed daily measures of sexism, heterosexism, negative affect, and binge eating for 10 days. Hierarchical linear modeling revealed that daily sexism was associated with daily negative affect, and, daily negative affect was associated with daily binge eating. Similarly, daily heterosexism was related to daily negative affect, and, daily negative affect was related to daily binge eating. Positive lesbian identity (i.e., identity affirmation) moderated the relationship between daily heterosexism and daily binge eating, such that, high identity affirmation strengthened the relationship between heterosexism and binge eating. Aspects of feminist identity did not moderate the relationship between daily sexism and daily binge eating. Neither social support nor social isolation moderated the relationship between daily heterosexism and daily binge eating. These results demonstrate the negative impact that heterosexism and sexism have on binge eating in daily life among lesbian women.
Optically Written Conical Lenses for Resonant Structures and Detector Arrays

We demonstrate a novel method of fabricating conical lens arrays in photopolymers which offers one-time alignment advantages. The technique may become useful for coupling into detector/modulator arrays as well as optical fibers.
Abstract 943: Obesity, P13k/Akt/mTOR signaling and prostate carcinogenesis in HiMyc mice

Obesity has increased over the last 30 years in the U.S. and is associated with increased mortality rates for various cancers, including prostate cancer. In contrast, calorie restriction (CR) has been shown to act as a potent inhibitor of tumorigenesis. While this association between dietary energy balance and cancer has been clearly established, the mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood. To study the role of obesity and dietary fat in prostate cancer, we have used the HiMyc transgenic mouse model, a well-characterized model for the study of prostate carcinogenesis. For the current studies, HiMyc mice at weaning were placed on three dietary regimens [30% CR, 10kcal% fat (AIN76A), 60 kcal% fat], therefore generating lean, overweight and obese phenotypes. Groups of mice were then sacrificed at 3 and 6 months of age and urogenital tracts were removed and embedded in paraffin for histological analyses. In separate groups of mice, ventral prostate (VP) was removed and used to generate protein lysates for Western blot analyses. Histopathologic evaluation revealed a variety of lesions, with the severity of the lesion correlating with caloric intake. All diet groups had approximately similar incidence of hyperplasia and low grade PIN at 3 and 6 months of age. However, the different energy diets primarily affected the progression of premalignant lesions to malignant lesions in the ventral prostate. At 6 months, diet induced obesity (DIO; 60 kcal% fat) significantly increased the incidence of adenocarcinoma with aggressive stromal invasion, as compared to the overweight control group (96% vs. 65% respectively, p=0.0221), while only in situ carcinomas but no invasive adenocarcinomas were observed in mice maintained on the CR diet. Immunohistochemistry was performed on additional sections to evaluate differences in activation or total levels of Akt, mTOR, P-S6 ribosomal, angiogenesis markers and cell cycle markers. DIO increased, while CR reduced activation of signaling through both Akt and mTOR. Similar effects were observed for levels of cyclin D1 and CD31 proteins. Western blot analyses performed on protein lysates from VP of mice maintained on the same dietary regimen for 6 months confirmed these differential effects of dietary energy balance on Akt and mTOR signaling. The observed changes in signaling appeared to be due, at least in part, to changes in signaling through the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) as a result of altered levels of circulating IGF-1. Taken together, these findings suggest that pathways activated by obesity, such as the Akt and mTOR pathways, may be key targets for preventing and controlling obesity-related prostate cancer progression. Supported by grant CA 107588 and MD Anderson Prostate Spore grant CA 140388. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 943.
Pulsed Laser Recrystallization of Polysilicon: Analysis Via A Novel Sem Technique

Large crystals of silicon were obtained via pulsed laser annealing of thinfilms of fine grain CVD polycrystalline silicon. These films were analyzed using a novel technique that provides rapid feedback of crystallographic and defect information. The technique uses very shallow angle metallurgical sections in conjunction with chemical decoration and scanning electron microscopy and results in excellent depth resolution ( 100 μm). The technique was used to reveal conversion of very large areas (≈ 1 mm 2 ) of polysilicon films deposited on silicon into single crystal film, albeit with point defects, without requiring the melt depth to reach the polysilicon/silicon interface. A gradual transition from single crystal to increasingly polycrystalline material was observed going from top to bottom of the initially uniform polycrystalline film depending on the pulse energy used. Polysilicon on top of an oxide layer, on the other hand, transforms into large (≈ 10 μm) single crystals with grain boundaries penetrating the entire polysilicon film thickness. These experimental results shed new light on two very important questions: (1) Is laser annealing entirely an epitaxial process or is it strongly influenced by the thermal properties of the underlying substrate, and (2) Whether substantial regrowth of polysilicon requires equilibrium thermodynamics.
OC-086 Survival Benefit of FDG-Pet Oriented Surgery for Recurrent Colorectal Cancer

Introduction Pivotal treatment for localised recurrent colorectal cancer is surgical resection. Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) has been accepted as an effective tool to identify disease localizations for patients with known or suspected recurrent colorectal cancer. This study is to analyse the survival benefit of FDG-PET on the diagnosis and indication of surgical intervention for Methods Consecutive 61 patients, with known or suspected recurrence of colorectal cancer based on elevation of tumour markers or abnormal findings on the follow-up CT image, underwent FDG-PET for 85 times between December 2003 and September 2009. Patients were aged between 39 and 94 years (median 66); 35 were male, 22 were Duke’s A or B stage, and 31 had a history of colon cancer. The average period between operation and first FDG-PET was 24 months (range 4–114). Of 61 cases 50 had elevated serum CEA or CA19–9 (82.0%). For each case the diagnosis of FDG-PET image was compared with that of CT image and the final diagnosis. Results Recurrence developed 2 times in average (range 1–6). Of 61patients five were identified recurrence by FDG-PET solely and indicated operation for 7 times. One of four shows disease-free survival for 70 months after common iliac replacement operation. FDG-PET showed one false – positive and three false – negative findings. Totally, the sensitivity of FDG-PET was 93.3% and its accuracy was 91.8%, whereas those of CT were 85.0% and 83.6%, respectively. Of 61patients 19 had diffused disease spread by FDG-PET findings and were judged as contraindication of operation and the other 42 with localised disease spread received operation for 90 times (liver 28, lung 14, local 37, local with distant meta 5, etc.). Cumulative 1-year and 3-year survival ratios of operation cases after first recurrence were 95% and 80%, whereas, those of contraindication cases were 60% and 25%, respectively. At present, the median survival period after recurrence of operation cases was longer than that of contraindication cases ( 37months v.s. 13months ). Our results suggested that one FDG-PET oriented operation roughly corresponded to one year survival benefit with restart. Conclusion Conclusion: FDG-PET could identify malignant lesions at earlier stage, and was an effective modality to evaluate not only disease spread but distant metastasis for recurrence of colorectal cancer. In this study, we first concretely demonstrated that FDG-PET oriented surgical indication had survival benefit for recurrent colorectal cancer. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
Asymmetric cell division and differentiation; fern spore germination as a model. II. Ultrastructural studies

The germination of Onoclea spores is a model system with many advantages for the study of asymmetric cell division and cellular differentiation. Our results suggest that both microtubules and a lipophilic site are important in the nuclear migration to one end of the spore prior to asymmetric cell division. A metalbinding region containing pore-like structures in the proximal face of the spore coat may be a source of the inherent polarity of the spore. The pattern of endogenous metal binding during germination has been characterised using a sulphide-silver stain. Metal-binding sites are described in a differentiating system in which polarity is imposed externally using polarised red light. The possibility of a role of ion gradients in determining the direction of nuclear migration is discussed.
The TSH Test as an Aid in Diagnosing Hypothyroidism

A thyrotropin test using a single dose of 5 units with a three hour iodine 131 uptake and serum protein-bound iodine measurement before and 24 hours after the injection compares favorably with tests using other schedules. This test is most often of clinical value in detecting borderline cases of hypothyroidism in which other tests of thyroid function are equivocal and in subjects who have been taking thyroid medication without clear evidence of hypothyroidism.
Analysis of epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease in Hunan during 2009-2013

Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease( HFMD) in Hunan and to providebasis for development of HFMD prevention and control strategy. Methods The data of HFMDinf ection in Hunan during2009-2013 was collected and epidemiologically analyzed. Results Totally 547 027 HFMD cases were reported in Hunanduring 2009-2013 and statistically significant differences in the incidence among the five years were noticed(χ2=164.166,P0.001),HFMD cases were reported in14 cities and the incidence showed statistical significance indifferent cities(χ2=108.103,P0.001). The prevalence of the disease revealed a obvious seasonally feature and most of the cases were children less than 5years old. In addition,18 957 HFMD cases were diagnosis in laboratory.There were 9 753 cases infected with EV71 accountedfor 51.45%,3 129 cases infected with;Cox A 16 accounting for 16.50% and 6 075 cases infected with other enterovirusaccounting for 32.05%. Conclusion Comprehensive intervention measures focusing on the target population and areasstrengthened for effective control the prevalence of HFMD in Humnan province.
Epidemiology of cholera in the Americas.

SUMMARY A persisting reservoir of the Gulf Coast strain of toxigenic V. cholerae O1 in Louisiana and Texas marshes and the shipment of seafood from these areas throughout the United States means that sporadic cases and outbreaks of cholera may occur anywhere in the country for the foreseeable future. Such cases are most likely to occur during warm months, especially between July and October. Physicians should think of cholera when consulted for severe watery diarrhea, even when the patient has no history of travel, and alert the laboratory. Experience has shown that US food and water sanitation is good enough to make either secondary transmission or large outbreaks unlikely; however, as long as we have foodborne and waterborne outbreaks of bacterial enteric diseases, the Gulf Coast strain may appear in a situation in which it can multiply and be ingested in large numbers by many people. The Latin American cholera epidemic has caused more cases of cholera in the United States in 2 years than the total of Gulf Coast strain cases identified during the past 20 years. The epidemic's future is uncertain. Despite knowing a great deal about cholera epidemiology, we cannot fully explain the ebb and flow of cholera epidemics. We do not know why cholera was apparently eliminated from the Western Hemisphere by 1900, nor can we predict which areas will be affected next or whether cholera will remain in a given area transiently or become endemic. The fact that cholera disappeared from the Western Hemisphere in the last century does not necessarily mean that it will disappear again. The situation is different now in several ways. The current pandemic is caused by the El Tor biotype, which persists better in the environment than does the classical biotype. Travel is now more frequent and more rapid. Finally, the population of the Western Hemisphere is about 14 times larger now than it was in 1850 and produces about 80, 000 metric tons of human feces each day, of which only a fraction is treated. Thus, cholera will probably become endemic in Latin America and persist indefinitely.
The Problem of Authorship and the Project of Chinese Philosophy: Zhuang Zhou and the Zhuangzi between Sinology and Philosophy in the Western Academy

This essay looks into a particular aspect of Sinological challenge to the modern project of Chinese philosophy within the Western academy through the lens of authorship, using the Zhuangzi 莊子 as a case study. It explores philosophical implications for texts whose authorship is in doubt and develops a new heuristic model of authorship and textuality, so that a more robust intellectual space for the philosophical discourse on Chinese classics can be carved out from the dominant historicist Sinological discourse. It argues that philosophical and Sinological approaches to Chinese classics have divergent scholarly objectives and follow different disciplinary norms. To clarify such divergence, it proposes a heuristic model to distinguish two sets of scholarly objects operative in Sinology and philosophy respectively, namely original text versus inherited text, historical author versus textual author, and authorial intent versus textual intent. These two sets of scholarly objects are related, at times overlapping but often irreducibly distinct, with the former in the pairs belonging to Sinologists and the latter to philosophers.
The maternal body as environment in autism science

Research on autism and environmental risk factors has expanded substantially in recent years. My analysis draws attention to the regimes of perceptibility that shape how the environment is materialized in post-genomic science. I focus on how more complex narratives of autism's causes and social anxieties surrounding child development have helped situate autism risk in women's bodies before and during pregnancy. This has resulted in what I call the maternal body as environment in autism science. I show that this figure involves three characteristics: the molecularization of the environment, an individualization of risk, and the internalization of responsibility. I argue that these three features point to a new spatial and temporal politics of risk and responsibility that may heighten social and medical surveillance of women's bodies and decisions, eclipsing larger questions about the uneven distribution of exposures in society and more holistic understandings of health that include neurodiversity. I conclude by considering what the maternal body as environment signals for women, social justice, and the politics of environmental health in the post-genomic era.
ASSESSING PERCEPTIONS OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT BEHAVIORS IN A MANUFACTURING ENVIRONMENT

This pilot study, conducted in a manufacturing plant, investigated employee perceptions of the behaviors of supervisors and co-workers that constitute quid pro quo and hostile work environment sexual harassment. Responses indicated that the majority of employees can accurately identify behaviors that are frequently associated with quid pro quo harassment, but cannot identify behaviors that are used to establish evidence of a hostile work environment. Comparisons of employees' scores demonstrated that male workers, relative to female workers, were more frequently accurate in identifying behaviors of both supervisors and co-workers that constitute sexual harassment. Perceptions of harassment varied according to job classification. Women in white-collar jobs were significantly more knowledgeable about what behaviors constitute sexual harassment than women in blue-collar jobs.
Planning and Interpreting Soil Permeability Measurements

Field techniques for measuring soil hydraulic conductivity (below the water table as well as above, or in the absence of, a water table) are considered, in selecting a technique for a given situation, care should be taken that the soil region and dominant flow direction in the system to be analyzed or predicted are as closely duplicated by the technique as possible. If the soil region covered by an individual measurement is small compared to that of the actual system, measurements at different depths and locations are necessary. The resulting values will seldom if ever be uniform and simplification to manageable media may be required. The average hydraulic conductivity of a randomly heterogeneous medium must lie between the harmonic and the arithmetic mean. Studies with a resistance network analog show that this average hydraulic conductivity is best estimated by the geometric mean.
Matched-Filter Compressive Imaging using a Deformable Mirror for Label-Free Flow Cytometry

We distinguish geometric cell structures using a deformable mirror for high-throughput, label-free flow cytometry, overcoming approaches that can result in undesirable chemical modifications or low throughput.
Agglomeration economies’ influence on logistics clusters’ growth and competitiveness

ABSTRACTAgglomeration economies’ influence on logistics clusters’ growth and competitiveness. Regional Studies. This study identifies logistics clusters and explores their effect on establishment and employment growth to extrapolate the presence of competitiveness-enhancing agglomeration economies in clusters. The study uses a US ZIP code-level dataset to enhance past research by increasing spatial precision and statistically controlling for related variables. There is some evidence of disproportionate growth in the number of logistics establishments in clusters due to highly localized agglomeration economies, which appear to degrade quickly over space. However, the results are mixed, calling for research into the mechanisms purported to produce agglomeration economies in logistics clusters.
First record of Deroplax silphoides from the West Bank – Palestine

Το Deroplax silphoides (Thunberg, 1783) (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae) καταγράφηκe για πρώτη φορά στα Παλαιστινιακά eδάφη κατά την διάρκeια δeιγματοληψιών που διeξήχθησαν από το Μουσeίο Φυσικής Ιστορίας της Παλαιστίνης. Το έντομο αυτό θeωρeίται eχθρός των καλλωπιστικών φυτών. Πeραιτέρω προσπάθeιeς θα πρέπeι να λάβουν χώρα για την καταγραφή της eξάπλωσής του, των φυτών-ξeνιστών του και της ζημιάς που πιθανώς να προκαλeί.
Failure of Invasive Airway Placement on the First Attempt Is Associated With Progression to Cardiac Arrest in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Compromise.

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the proportion of acute respiratory compromise events in hospitalized pediatric patients progressing to cardiopulmonary arrest, and the clinical factors associated with progression of acute respiratory compromise to cardiopulmonary arrest. We hypothesized that failure of invasive airway placement on the first attempt (defined as multiple attempts at tracheal intubation, and/or laryngeal mask airway placement, and/or the creation of a new tracheostomy or cricothyrotomy) is independently associated with progression of acute respiratory compromise to cardiopulmonary arrest. Design Multicenter, international registry of pediatric in-hospital acute respiratory compromise. Setting American Heart Association's Get with the Guidelines-Resuscitation registry (2000-2014). Patients Children younger than 18 years with an index (first) acute respiratory compromise event. Interventions None. Measurements and main results Of the 2,210 index acute respiratory compromise events, 64% required controlled ventilation, 26% had return of spontaneous ventilation, and 10% progressed to cardiopulmonary arrest. There were 762 acute respiratory compromise events (34%) that did not require an invasive airway, 1,185 acute respiratory compromise events (54%) with successful invasive airway placement on the first attempt, and 263 acute respiratory compromise events (12%) with failure of invasive airway placement on the first attempt. After adjusting for confounding variables, failure of invasive airway placement on the first attempt was independently associated with progression of acute respiratory compromise to cardiopulmonary arrest (adjusted odds ratio 1.8 [95% CIs, 1.2-2.6]). Conclusions More than 1 in 10 hospitalized pediatric patients who experienced an acute respiratory compromise event progressed to cardiopulmonary arrest. Failure of invasive airway placement on the first attempt is independently associated with progression of acute respiratory compromise to cardiopulmonary arrest.
The ecology of an anaerobic dechlorinating consortium.

The mechanisms used by anaerobic bacterial communities to degrade organic molecules are of interest not only to increase our understanding of biogeochemical cycling, but also to explore the potential of microorganisms to degrade xenobiotic molecules in anaerobic environments (12). This has been of increasing concern in recent years, as many man-made chemicals are found to be toxic or mutagenic. New methods must be found to dispose of these compounds when they are no longer of use and to clean up contaminated areas. Digestion by anaerobic bacteria is an attractive possibility for disposal of synthetic chemicals, because it can require less energy than other methods of waste disposal; construction costs for anaerobic treatment facilities are lower; and anaerobic digestion offers the possibility of recovering useful products, such as intermediary metabolites or methane gas (30). Studying these processes also aids in predicting the fate of xenobiotics that have been introduced into natural anaerobic envi-ronments.
Network on interconnect fabric

Silicon interconnect fabric (Si-IF) supports integration of bare dies using thermal compression bonding on a Si wafer substrate. Fine pitch (2 to 10 μm) horizontal and vertical inter-connects are feasible within the Si-IF using standard Si processing techniques. A network on interconnect fabric (NoIF) is proposed in this paper. The NoIF enables integration of ultra large scale heterogeneous systems within the technologically mature Si-IF platform. NoIF is based on utility dies which serve as intelligent nodes within the network. NoIF enables global communication, power conversion and management, synchronization, processing and memory capabilities, redundancy allocation, and test of the Si-IF, and the utility and functional dies.
Risk-Adapted Therapy for Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia: The Pediatric Oncology Group Experience

Long-term event-free survival (EFS) of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) has improved from 5% in 1965 to 65%–70% today [1]. These results, achieved by an increased intensity of treatment, have been accompanied by an increased incidence of acute (myelosuppression, infection) and chronic (leukoencephalopathy, heart failure, second malignancy) complications [2–5], This has led to the concept that treatment should be risk adapted. That is, the most intensive regimens should be reserved for patients with a poor prognosis while patients with a good prognosis may be treated effectively with less intensive therapy.
Variance estimators for a sequential selection procedure

The concept of probability minimum replacement (PMR) sampling is defined. A sequential procedure for PMR sampling is described along with associated estimators and their variances. An unbiased estimator of variance and some alternative biased estimators of variance are proposed and discussed.
Information Security Considerations for Wireless Infusion Pumps

Wireless Infusion Pumps are an inevitable part of Hospital Delivery Organizations (HDOs). Nowadays there have been lots of cases of recalls of infusion pumps due to vulnerabilities existing in the devices that make it a safety concern for use on patients before patching the cyber security issues. This research has been conducted with the participation of Public Health Alberta to present an overview of what is the security considerations to design secure software for infusion pumps. In this paper, possible attacks have been specified to create an understanding of the potential dangers that exist for wireless infusion pumps. Moreover, components that should be secured have been identified. This paper proposes controls by incorporating security measures at the design phase of software development of Wireless Infusion Pumps.