cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Modelling and learning user preferences over sets

Although there has been significant research on modelling and learning user preferences for various types of objects, there has been relatively little work on the problem of representing and learning preferences over sets of objects. We introduce a representation language, DD-PREF, that balances preferences for particular objects with preferences about the properties of the set. Specifically, we focus on the depth of objects (i.e. preferences for specific attribute values over others) and on the diversity of sets (i.e. preferences for broad vs. narrow distributions of attribute values). The DD-PREF framework is general and can incorporate additional object-and set-based preferences. We describe a greedy algorithm, DD-Select, for selecting satisfying sets from a collection of new objects, given a preference in this language. We show how preferences represented in DD-PREF can be learned from training data. Experimental results are given for three domains: a blocks world domain with several different task-based preferences, a real-world music playlist collection, and rover image data gathered in desert training exercises.
Evaluation of the Neer System of Classification of Proximal Humeral Fractures with Computerized Tomographic Scans and Plain Radiographs

The intraobserver reliability and inter-observer reproducibility of the Neer classification system were assessed on the basis of the plain radiographs and computerized tomographic scans of twenty fractures of the proximal part of the humerus. To determine if the observers had difficulty agreeing only about the degree of displacement or angulation (but could determine which segments were fractured), a modified system (in which fracture lines were considered but displacement was not) also was assessed. Finally, the observers were asked to recommend a treatment for the fracture, and the reliability and re-producibility of that decision were measured. The radiographs and computerized tomographic scans were viewed on two occasions by four observers, including two residents in their fifth year of postgraduate study and two fellowship-trained shoulder surgeons. Kappa coefficients then were calculated. The mean kappa coefficient for intraobserver reliability was 0.64 when the fractures were assessed with radiographs alone, 0.72 when they were assessed with radiographs and computerized tomographic scans, 0.68 when they were classified according to the modified system in which displacement and angulation were not considered, and 0.84 for treatment recommendations; the mean kappa coefficients for interobserver reproducibility were 0.52, 0.50, 0.56, and 0.65, respectively. The interobserver reproducibility of the responses of the attending surgeons regarding diagnosis and treatment did not change when the fractures were classified with use of computerized tomographic scans in addition to radiographs or with use of the modified system in which displacement and angulation were not considered; the mean kappa coefficient was 0.64 for all such comparisons. Over-all, the addition of computerized tomographic scans was associated with a slight increase in intraobserver reliability but no increase in interobserver reproducibility. The classification of fractures of the shoulder remains difficult because even experts cannot uniformly agree about which fragments are fractured. Because of this underlying difficulty, optimum patient care might require the development of new imaging modalities and not necessarily new classification systems.
Use of In Situ Data to Test a Raman Lidar Based Cloud Condensation Nuclei Remote Sensing Method

Abstract A method of retrieving vertical profiles of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration from surface measurements is described. Surface measurements of the CCN concentration are scaled by the ratio of the backscatter (or extinction) vertical profile to the backscatter (or extinction) at or near the surface. The backscatter (or extinction) profile is measured by Raman lidar and is corrected to dry conditions using the vertical profile of relative humidity (also measured by Raman lidar) and surface measurements of the dependence of backscatter (or extinction) on relative humidity. The method assumes that the aerosol composition and the shape of the aerosol size distribution at the surface are representative of the vertical column. Aircraft measurements of aerosol size distribution are used to test the dependence of the retrieval on the uniformity of the shape of the aerosol size distribution. The retrieval is found to be robust for supersaturations less than 0.02% but breaks down at higher supers...
The diverse role of the ETS family of transcription factors in cancer.

Oncogenicity potential was a defining characteristic of v-ets, the first of the large family of ETS transcription factors to be cloned. v-ets was discovered as an oncoprotein fusion with gag and myb in the E26 avian erythroblastosis virus [(1)][1] . There are now more than 25 ETS family members
Catching up to the CCSS: A Principal Navigates Out-of-Subject Instructional Leadership.

This case provides principals and principal licensure candidates an opportunity to delve into the nuances of supervising teachers in content areas, which may be unfamiliar, and to explore strategie...
Restoring the West's Waters: Opportunities for the Bureau of Reclamation, Volume I: Section One: Summary of Findings, Section Two: Case Studies

This report provides the results of an examination of Reclamation facilities around the West in which changes have been made to improve ecosystem values.
Sources of Errors in Intent Inferring Systems

Intent inferring systems constitute a class of computer-based problem solving/decision making support software known as expert systems. These systems are conceptualized, and designed for specialized domain applications. They are inherently populated with well defined and articulated goals, and their reasoning strategies are formulated around intentions of the human experts. Like their human counter parts, they can “err”. This paper takes the first step to summarize the sources of errors in these systems.
Elevation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Lactate with Aging in Subjects with Normal Blood Oxygen Saturations

It has been hypothesized that cerebral oxidative glucose metabolism may become impaired with age and lead to deterioration of neuronal function. One marker of impaired cerebral oxidative glucose metabolism is increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate. Prior studies have found an increase in CSF lactate in aged normals, but these studies have not controlled for the possibility that decreased respiratory function with age may lead to hypoxemia and increased CSF lactate. The current study measured peripheral blood oxygen saturations in 11 subjects during collection of CSF and documented that the increase in CSF lactate observed was not due to peripheral hypoxemia. Thus, increased CSF lactate with age appears to be of central origin.
Twilight: The Unveiling of Victims, Stalking, and Domestic Violence

This article posits that the Twilight protagonist, seventeen year old Isabella Swan, is not the strong, independent, and mature young woman that she appears to be, but rather, she is a victim. She is a victim of stereotypical life circumstances, the only child of divorced parents bereft of any parenting skills to care for her; she is thus crafted as a young woman who, reinforcing gender stereotypes, is in need of care, protection, and rescue by a “prince charming.” Worse yet, she is also a victim of power, control, and violence, which legally constitute stalking and domestic violence. Telling the story in a first person narrative, Bella falls in love with Edward Cullen, a teen aged boy who sits next to her in a typical high school biology class and who lives nearby in her small town community of Forks, Washington. As the saga unfolds, Bella learns that Edward is a vampire, who could kill her in an instant. Throughout their love story, Bella continuously conflates Edward’s acts of control and violence with love and sex and astonishingly, she even relishes the violent acts against her. She is a precarious role model for impressible young women readers (perhaps numbering in the millions), who may identify with Bella as they are embarking on their own teenage journeys of self-discovery. Although they may recognize as fiction and fantasy the vampire elements of the story, they may, as Bella does, dangerously label as “love” harmful and illegal acts of control and violence, and also like Bella, they may believe such acts are acceptable, normal, and even desirable in a relationship. Male readers likewise may subliminally receive the message that control and violence are normal in a relationship and seek to emulate Edward’s controlling and harmful conduct. Finally, while Bella in the end becomes herself quite powerful, she does not acquire that power by her own actions, but instead, she acquires it because Edward, the man in her life, has given it to her, indeed the result of a violent act against her. For all these reasons, Bella is a harmful role model and one whose decisions to accept the illegal acts against her should not be emulated by anyone, much less young teenagers who may be experiencing a relationship for the first time. This article ultimately presents several alternative ways to rewrite Twilight, which do not eliminate the “fantasy” or the “romantic relationship,” but would make Bella a far better feminist role model and a significantly more deserving heroine.
Prechewing infant food, consumption of sweets and dairy and not breastfeeding are associated with increased diarrhoea risk of 10-month-old infants in the United States.

Prechewing of food by caregivers is a common infant feeding practice both globally and in the United States, where the highest rates of the practice are found among African-Americans and Alaska Natives. The objective of this study was to determine if prechewing of infant food is associated with increased diarrhoea prevalence of 10-month-old infants in the United States. The study used cross-sectional data from the Infant Feeding Practices Study II to test for associations between prechewing and 2-week-period prevalence of infant diarrhoea. At 10 months of age, infants who received prechewed food (n = 203) had a diarrhoea prevalence of 16.1%, compared with 10.9% of children who did not receive prechewed food (n = 1567) [relative risk (RR) = 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–2.11]. After adjusting for covariates, including breastfeeding and consuming sweets and dairy, prechewing was associated with a 58% higher risk (RR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.10–2.26) of 2-week diarrhoea prevalence. Consumption of sweets (RR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.03–1.78) and dairy (RR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.03–1.93) was also associated with increased diarrhoea risk. Continued breastfeeding at 10 months of age was associated with a reduced risk of diarrhoea (RR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.50–0.91). Prechewing of infant food is associated with increased diarrhoea among 10-month-old infants. The high RR found in this study suggests that prechewing may be an important factor in public health efforts to reduce the burden of diarrhoeal disease. However, further research is needed to establish that prechewing causes increased diarrhoea risk and to explore potential benefits of prechewing.
Consequentialism and Fairness

The simplest arguments for political authority are consequentialist ones. By ‘consequentialist arguments for authority’, I mean arguments that ascribe moral weight to the goodness or badness of an action’s consequences and that appeal directly to that factor in attempting to derive political obligation and legitimacy.1 I focus in this section on arguments for political obligation.
The Diverse Functions of Advocacy and the Implications for All ACC Members.

![Figure][1] Advocacy is a vital part of the College and its strategic efforts to transform cardiovascular care, help members maintain professional competency, and support population health management in the changing health care landscape. Through its advocacy efforts, the American College
Abstract MP67: Transition From Cardiovascular Disease to Cancer as the Leading Cause of Death in US States, 1999-2013

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading cause of death in the US, and cancer the second leading cause of death, consistently since the 1940s. In recent decades, the gap has narrowed due to the steep decline in CVD mortality and relatively modest decline in cancer mortality. We hypothesized that national-level mortality data obscure state-specific transitions from CVD to cancer as the leading cause of death. Methods: We used state-specific mortality data from the US National Vital Statistics System to calculate state-specific mortality rate ratios (RRs) of CVD vs cancer for each US state annually from 1999 to 2013. Results: From 1999 to 2013 the national CVD mortality rate fell from 265.9 to 193.3 per 100,000 and the national cancer mortality rate fell from 201.6 to 185.0 per 100,000. Accordingly, the national CVD/cancer mortality RR fell from 1.32 to 1.04. However, from 1999 to 2013 many states transitioned from CVD to cancer as the leading cause of death (see Figure). In 1999 CVD was the leading cause of death in 49 states, with median state-specific CVD/cancer mortality RR of 1.29 (IQR: 1.16, 1.36). New York had the highest mortality RR of 1.57. Only in Alaska was cancer the leading cause of death in 1999, with CVD/cancer mortality RR of 0.89. In contrast, by 2013 CVD remained the leading cause of death in only 27 states, with median state-specific CVD/cancer mortality RR of 1.08 (IQR: 1.04, 1.13). New York still had the highest mortality RR of 1.23. Cancer had become the leading cause of death in 23 states by 2013, with median state-specific CVD/cancer mortality RR of 0.95 (IQR: 0.88, 0.99). Conclusion: Due to rapidly declining CVD mortality rates, the transition from CVD to cancer as the leading cause of death has already occurred in nearly half of US states. National-level data mask this reality, implying an oversimplified public health message that “CVD is the leading cause of death.” State-specific data highlight successes in CVD prevention and control and the need for further improvements in cancer prevention and control. ![][1] [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
An Evidence-Driven, Solution-Focused Approach to Functional Behavior Assessment Report Writing.

School-based practitioners are to implement and report functional behavior assessments (FBAs) that are consistent with both the research literature and the law, both federal and state. However, the literature regarding how best to document the FBA process is underdeveloped. A review of applied behavior analytic and school psychology literature as well as legislation and case law informs FBA reporting practices regarding (a) required content, (b) graphing of data, (c) organization of reports, and (d) clarity of language. The purpose of FBA reports is discussed, and this discussion explicitly informs the use of a solution-focused approach to improve clarity in report writing. Recommendations for best practices in FBA report writing are provided, and future research needs are highlighted.
Characterization and Understanding of Thermoresponsive Polymer Composites Based on Spiky Nanostructured Fillers

Conductive polymer composites based on nanostructured particular fillers have many important applications, such as temperature and pressure sensors. Among many factors, the microstructure of conductive particle network determines the electron conduction properties. It has been found that nanospiky Ni particles filled in a polymer matrix can enable a reversible and rapid response and a large change of conductivity upon temperature change. While it has been previously hypothesized that quantum tunneling plays an important role, no direct experimental evidence with systematic characterization and understanding is available. Herein, impedance spectroscopy and low-temperature electrical measurements are used to reveal the charge transport mechanisms of nanospiky Ni-based nanocomposites upon temperature change. The results show that quantum tunneling effects indeed play a major role, which enables significant interparticle resistance change upon slight change (expansion and contraction) of the microstructured particle network.
Mass spectrometry in the clinical microbiology laboratory

Abstract Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) represents a major paradigm shift in diagnostic technology in the clinical microbiology laboratory. This technology has proven useful thus far in identifying cultured isolates of bacteria, mycobacteria, and yeasts in a rapid, cost-effective manner when compared with traditional phenotypic or biochemical identification methods. In this chapter, we review how MALDI-TOF MS works followed by a comparison of the major commercial platforms that have been approved by the FDA. We then discuss the current state of MALDI-TOF MS in the realms of bacteriology, mycobacteriology, and mycology diagnostics. We briefly discuss the evolving application of MALDI-TOF MS for antibacterial susceptibility testing and strain typing. In the last section, we describe one other mass spectrometry-based technology with potential usefulness in the clinical microbiology laboratory: polymerase chain reaction electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PCR ESI-MS).
Effect of matrix metalloproteinase-2 on CD8+ T cell and NK cell responses.

e21081 Background: Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) cleaves many components of the extracellular matrix and is over-expressed in several cancers including melanoma. High levels of MMP-2 expressed...
Mixing of Polymers

Commercial polymer systems are usually brought to the marketplace not in a pure state but in the form of compounds. The added ingredients may only be stabilizers, such as antioxidants or antiozonants, which are present in small quantities. Many polymers are only brought to the marketplace in the form of blends with second polymers rather than in the pure state, e.g. the poly-(p-phenylene ether) family, while others are used in major part in blends, e.g. polystyrene, poly-butadiene, and butadiene–styrene copolymers. Some polymers such as elastomers and some thermoplastics are marketed in products highly compounded with particles and oil. It is thus clear that the area of mixing and compounding is very important to polymer technology.
From Innovative Idea to State-Supported Policy: Academic Progression in Prelicensure Registered Nurse Education Using the Partnership Model

Changes in the registered nurse (RN) employment market in 2012 and 2013 negatively affected both employment for RNs and associate degree-prepared nurses (ADNs) and clinical placement for students in ADN preparation programs. To address this challenge, ADN nursing programs partnered with a university to create an innovative alternative to traditional prelicensure RN nursing education by sharing curricula among them. With the program, students simultaneously complete the ADN nursing degree onsite at the community college and the bachelor of science degree in nursing (BSN) online, with both degrees conferred at the end of the respective nursing programs, in time for the graduate to sit for the National Council Licensure Examination-Registered Nurse (NCLEX-RN) and enter the workforce as a BSN-prepared nurse. This example of seamless academic progression is known in Kansas as the "Partnership Model."
Mobile tourism application using augmented reality

Indonesia as an archipelagic country that has diverse cultures and beautiful natures. This is some factor towing the arrival of tourists to visit Indonesia. Today many tourists from abroad and even from within their own country do not know the beauty of natures and cultures in Indonesia. Therefore, this research have been done to build an android application called “Exploresia” to provide information about tourism in Indonesia using Augmented Reality technology. This research begins with collecting data of tourism and cultures in 34 provinces in Indonesia. These data was processed into text, 2D image, 3D objects and video and displayed virtually through a mobile application. Users can interact with this mobile application by selecting province, sights and explore the object with 360 virtual tours. As a trigger for displaying virtual data, made a map of Indonesia as a marker and also coordinates to display the virtual data. Exploresia has been tested to 50 respondents from different segmentation to see how much influence of this app to attract tourist come to Indonesia. 93.6% of respondents agree that Exploresia provides a new way to get information on tourism in Indonesia and 96% of respondents agree that this mobile app help to promote tourism destinations in Indonesia so that tourists be interested in coming to Indonesia. The use of AR in mobile apps is expected to provide added value so that user can receive the message delivered and keen to visit Indonesia.
Consumer Rationing and the Cournot Outcome

For a symmetric two-stage game, where firms first choose capacities, then compete in prices, Kreps and Scheinkman (Bell Journal of Economics, 1983, 14(2), pp. 326-337) prove that under efficient rationing the Nash equilibrium coincides with the Cournot equilibrium. We extend the model to include asymmetric costs and provide new results showing that the capacity choice game is dominance-solvable, just like the Cournot game. Further, we provide a simple sufficient condition, under which the dominance-solvable result extends to proportional rationing. The results provide new insights into the robustness of Cournot coincidence under alternate demand rationing schemes.
Ureteral Delivery and Efflux

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the delivery of urine through the ureter and its efflux into the bladder as influenced by variations in the flow of urine from the kidney and fluid pressure within the bladder. The rate of peristalsis remains fairly constant under conditions of moderate diuresis, apparently decreasing at very low or very high urine flows. Intrapelvic pressure increases with urine flow up to marked osmotic diuresis, when it remains at its upper limits despite further increases in diuresis. The increased vigor of ureteral contraction as the flow of urine is increased is explicable on the basis of known physiological properties of smooth muscle present in the pelvis and ureters. In smooth muscle, as in voluntary muscle, the force of contraction is dependent, within physiological limits, upon its length. The capacity of the ureter to adapt itself to changes in urine volume is limited by its inability to dilate beyond a certain point.
An FPGA framework for edge-centric graph processing

Many emerging real-world applications require fast processing of large-scale data represented in the form of graphs. In this paper, we design a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) framework to accelerate graph algorithms based on the edge-centric paradigm. Our design is flexible for accelerating general graph algorithms with various vertex attributes and update propagation functions, such as Sparse Matrix Vector Multiplication (SpMV), PageRank (PR), Single Source Shortest Path (SSSP), and Weakly Connected Component (WCC). The target platform consists of large external memory to store the graph data and FPGA to accelerate the processing. By taking an edge-centric graph algorithm and hardware resource constraints as inputs, our framework can determine the optimal design parameters and produce an optimized Register-Transfer Level (RTL) FPGA accelerator design. To improve data locality and increase parallelism, we partition the input graph into non-overlapping partitions. This enables our framework to efficiently buffer vertex data in the on-chip memory of FPGA and exploit both inter-partition and intra-partition parallelism. Further, we propose an optimized data layout to improve external memory performance and reduce data communication between FPGA and external memory. Based on our design methodology, we accelerate two fundamental graph algorithms for performance evaluation: Sparse Matrix Vector Multiplication (SpMV) and PageRank (PR). Experimental results show that our accelerators sustain a high throughput of up to 2250 Million Traversed Edges Per Second (MTEPS) and 2487 MTEPS for SpMV and PR, respectively. Compared with several highly-optimized multi-core designs, our FPGA framework achieves up to 20.5× speedup for SpMV, and 17.7× speedup for PR, respectively; compared with two state-of-the-art FPGA frameworks, our designs demonstrate up to 5.3× and 1.8× throughput improvement for SpMV and PR, respectively.
Matching the Activity of Homogeneous Sulfonic Acids: The Fructose-to-HMF Conversion Catalyzed by Hierarchically Porous Sulfonic-Acid-Functionalized Porous Organic Polymer (POP) Catalysts

Three HO3S-functionalized porous organic polymers (HO3S-POPs) with high surface areas (500–700 m2/g) and a broad range of porosity profiles were synthesized and tested against homogeneous-acid analogs and commercially available acid resins to evaluate their relative catalytic activities in the acid-catalyzed conversion of fructose to HMF. Comparison of fructose conversions and HMF yields demonstrates that the sulfonated POPs with hierarchical porosity can achieve catalytic activities that rival those of their homogeneous counterparts. The associated HMF selectivities represent optimized values that increase with higher temperature and faster heating, both of which can reduce the reaction time and limit product decomposition. Due to their intrinsically high mesoporosity and number of accessible acid sites, these HO3S-POPs also outperform the commercially available Amberlyst 15 resin catalyst and its crushed variant.
Mind the Gap: How Interspecies Variability in IgG and Its Receptors May Complicate Comparisons of Human and Non-human Primate Effector Function.

The field of HIV research relies heavily on non-human primates, particularly the members of the macaque genus, as models for the evaluation of candidate vaccines and monoclonal antibodies. A growing body of research suggests that successful protection of humans will not solely rely on the neutralization activity of an antibody’s antigen binding fragment. Rather, immunological effector functions prompted by the interaction of the immunoglobulin G constant region and its cognate Fc receptors help contribute to favorable outcomes. Inherent differences in the sequences, expression, and activities of human and non-human primate antibody receptors and immunoglobulins have the potential to produce disparate results in the observations made in studies conducted in differing species. Having a more complete understanding of these differences, however, should permit the more fluent translation of observations between model organisms and the clinic. Here we present a guide to such translations that encompasses not only what is presently known regarding the affinity of the receptor-ligand interactions but also the influence of expression patterns and allelic variation, with a focus on insights gained from use of this model in HIV vaccines and passive antibody therapy and treatment.
Discovering and Mapping the Modified Nucleotides That Comprise the Epitranscriptome of mRNA

An important mechanism of gene expression regulation is the regulated modification of nucleotides in messenger RNA (mRNA). These modified nucleotides affect mRNA translation, stability, splicing, and other processes. A cluster of nucleotide modifications is found adjacent to the mRNA cap structure and another set can be found internally within transcripts. The most prominent modifications are methylations of adenosine to form either N 6-methyladenosine (m6A), an internal modified nucleotide, or N 6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am), which is found exclusively at the first templated nucleotide of certain mRNAs. In addition, other rare modified nucleotides have been identified and together these form the epitranscriptomic code of mRNA. In the case of some modified nucleotides, the presence, location, or abundance is a subject of debate. Here, we review the methods that enable the discovery of modified nucleotides and how these approaches can be used to map epitranscriptomic modifications in mRNA.
Simple masking method for selective atomic layer deposition of thin films

A simple physical masking method is presented for selective atomic layer deposition (ALD). Iron powder and a magnet are used as a masking pair. This method is easy and efficient for depositing patterned thin films with feature sizes estimated 0.3 mm or larger on any substrate. In this work, using iron powder held in place by a magnet would mask part of the silicon wafer substrate, while no iron powder is on the unmasked part. A silver particulated thin film was deposited on the masked Si wafer. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used for silver characterization on the masked and unmasked parts of the sample. Results indicated that an ALD-like surface growth of a silver thin film occurred on the unmasked Si wafer, and no growth was detected on the masked portion of the Si wafer.
Impact of a Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay on the Clinical Management of Adults Undergoing a Lumbar Puncture for Suspected Community-Onset Central Nervous System Infections

Patients admitted from the community with a suspected central nervous system (CNS) infection require prompt diagnostic evaluation and correct antimicrobial treatment. A retrospective, multicenter, pre/post intervention study was performed to evaluate the impact that the BioFire® FilmArray® meningitis/encephalitis (ME) panel run in-house had on the clinical management of adult patients admitted from the community with a lumbar puncture (LP) performed for a suspected CNS infection. The primary outcome was the effect that this intervention had on herpes simplex virus (HSV) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) turnaround time (TAT). Secondary outcomes included the effect that this intervention had on antiviral days of therapy (DOT), total antimicrobial DOT, and hospital length of stay (LOS). A total of 81 and 79 patients were included in the pre-intervention and post-intervention cohorts, respectively. The median HSV PCR TAT was significantly longer in the pre-intervention group (85 vs. 4.1 h, p < 0.001). Total antiviral DOT was significantly greater in the pre-intervention group (3 vs. 1, p < 0.001), as was total antimicrobial DOT (7 vs. 5, p < 0.001). Pre-intervention hospital LOS was also significantly longer (6.6 vs. 4.4 days, p = 0.02). Implementing the ME panel in-house for adults undergoing an LP for a suspected community-onset CNS infection significantly reduced the HSV PCR TAT, antiviral DOT, total antimicrobial DOT, and hospital LOS.
Anti-NMDAR-Positive Small-Cell Lung Cancer Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (PLE) is a rare disease that presents as rapid onset dementia characterized by short-term memory loss (STM), anxiety, and behavioral changes. Anti-NMDAR antibodies are unfrequently reported in PLE associated with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Given that PLE can precede the diagnosis of cancer, it is very important that once infectious, metabolic, nutritional, or structural disorders associated with short-term memory loss are ruled out that vigorous effort must be made to rule out underlying malignancy. Case We report a rare case of PLE as the presenting symptom of SCLC. A 72-year-old male with history of COPD was brought to the ED by his wife after he was found to have short-term memory loss, including forgetfulness of his wedding anniversary the day before, and anxiety. Neurological exam showed impaired short-term recall on MOCA. CT head showed no evidence of infarct. Lumbar puncture was performed which showed lymphocytic pleocytosis, a nonspecific inflammatory change. CSF panel was negative for HSV, Neisseria, Hemophilus, E. coli, and HIV. Initial EEG was unremarkable, though a repeat EEG showed mild slowing of the posterior dominant rhythm consistent with mild encephalopathy. MRI showed equivocal increased FLAIR on T2-weighted images in the bilateral temporal lobes, left greater than right. CTA thorax showed bulky mediastinal and right hilar LAD. FNA of the R4 lymph node revealed SCLC. The NM bone scan showed no osteoblastic lesions. While the serum autoantibody panel was positive for anti-NMDAR, the CSF autoantibody panel returned entirely negative. Chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin was started on Day 4 of admission. The patient's neurological symptoms showed improvement following chemotherapy. Conclusion This case highlights the importance of recognizing short-term memory loss as a feature of PLE.
An Assessment of Clinical and System Drivers of Family Satisfaction in the PICU

Objective Investigate clinical and system drivers of family satisfaction in the PICU. Design Mixed methods qualitative and quantitative (observational) study. Qualitative interviews with families were performed as a pilot to inform modality of survey distribution based on family preferences. A validated pediatric satisfaction survey deployed to family members for 7 months with a corresponding chart review and administrative data collection. Setting PICU in a tertiary children's hospital. Patients Two hundred six families of patients admitted to the PICU more than 48 hours. Interventions None. Measurements and main results Families preferred surveys distributed electronically on a tablet in the PICU setting. The Pediatric Family Satisfaction-ICU survey was used to assess comfort with medical decision-making and communication with the care team. Capture rate of all eligible patients was 69.5% and response rate was 90.8%. Overall, 64.7% of respondents were highly satisfied, whereas over one third were not highly satisfied; families of Hispanic ethnicity (odds ratio of lower satisfaction of families with Hispanic ethnicity: 2.09; 95% CI, 1.01-4.33; p = 0.047) and high social stressors (odds ratio of higher satisfaction among high stressed subgroup: 0.49; 95% CI, 0.24-0.99; p = 0.047) reported statistically significant lower satisfaction. Additional free-text responses were identified in 21% of respondents, with the majority of comments indicating wishes for improvements clustered around communication with the medical team or sleeping environment of families and patients. Conclusions High capture rates of family satisfaction in the PICU can be obtained with a PICU-specific survey, limiting barriers to completion by including family preferences, and distributing in the PICU setting. Less than two-third of PICU families are highly satisfied; patients of Hispanic ethnicity and those with high social stressors predict low satisfaction, whereas illness severity, age, and PICU length of stay did not have statistical significance. Local improvement teams can use this approach to drive enhanced satisfaction.
Dislocation loop evolution in F/M steel T91 under in-situ ion irradiation: Influence of the presence of initial dislocations

Abstract Ferritic/Martensitic (F/M) steel T91 was irradiated in-situ to 4 and 10 dpa at 470 °C using 1 MeV Kr2+. The microstructure evolution under irradiation was followed and characterized by in-situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), in terms of dislocation loop Burgers vector, average size and density as a function of dose. Furthermore, the influence of the presence of dislocations in the pre-irradiated matrix was investigated by comparing the radiation induced defect evolution in grains with and without initial dislocations.
Cataloging Internet Resources: The Convergence of Libraries and Internet Resources

This paper reviews issues related to the cataloging of Internet resources and considers short- and long-term directions for cataloging and the general provision of library services for remotely accessible, electronic information resources. The strengths and weakness of using a library catalog model to improve access to Internet resources are discussed and compared with a review of related efforts. Based on experience gained through two OCLC Internet cataloging projects, the authors recommend continued and vigorous appplication of library cataloging standards and methods for Internet resources with the expectation that catalogs, cataloging, and libraries in general will continue to evolve
The Current Status of Rational Emotive and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (RE-CBT) Research with Children and Adolescents

The practice of Rational Emotive and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (RE-CBT) is based upon a theoretical foundation as well as a scientific support. As the approaches of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) were developed with adults initially, so were the assessment tools and treatment outcome research. Since then, there have been considerable scientific advances in the development of evaluative tools as well as treatment outcome scholarly work to guide the use of these clinical interventions with children and adolescents. This chapter will provide an overview of the extant research that guides the assessment practices and clinical interventions that integrate the model(s) of RE-CBT. More specifically, a discussion of the research that examines the assessment of irrational beliefs and automatic thoughts will be offered to assist the clinician in choosing how best to identify unhealthy thoughts and evaluate them as a mechanism of change. Further, a review of the treatment outcome literature for REBT and CBT for children and adolescents will be offered. Finally, a discussion of the applications of the principles of RE-CBT within the context of school curriculums will be reviewed and recommendations for important next steps in the development of the science to guide RE-CBT clinical practice among youth will be offered.
Educators’ Interests, Prior Knowledge and Questions Regarding Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality and 3D Printing and Modeling

Innovative new technologies, such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and 3D printers, provide new affordances for education. While each of these technologies has been shown to positively impact learning, they have not yet been widely adopted in schools. With the interest in these technologies growing among educators, this study explores why educators are motivated to learn about these tools, what they already know about these tools, and what they want to know. This paper presents data from 265 educators who completed a pre-course survey before engaging in an open online course to learn about these technologies. Findings from the data reveal significant variance in educators’ prior knowledge, interests, and motivations. This paper yields new insights that can support the design of professional learning experiences for educators and potentially increase mainstream adoption and use of these tools in education.
Autoimmune Gastrointestinal Dysmotility in a Patient With HIV Treated With Methylprednisolone and Pyridostigmine

Primary autoimmune gastrointestinal dysmotility is a limited form of autoimmune dysautonomia, driven by antiganglionic autoantibodies (AGAs) against enteric neurons. AGAs are observed in other autoimmune diseases, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome, before the development onset of gastrointestinal symptoms. Here, we report a case of a 57-year-old woman with human immunodeficiency virus, who previously developed Guillain-Barre syndrome, presenting with 6 months of intestinal dysmotility. Diagnosis was made by detecting AGAs to ganglionic acetylcholine receptor, alpha-3 subunit, radiographic evidence of duodenal dysmotility, and exclusion of other causes. The patient received high-dose methylprednisolone with low-dose pyridostigmine, which led to significant improvement of symptoms.
Micromechanical Modeling of SAC305: Homogenization and Effect of IMC Particles on Deformation Behavior

Lead-free solder joints are the most extensively used interconnects in electronic packaging industries. Most of the lead-free solder alloys (SAC) are composed of β-Sn, Ag, and Cu. To fabricate final products, SAC alloys undergo thermomechanical processes that result formation of intermetallic (IMC) compounds. The predominant intermetallic particles are Ag 3 Sn and Cu 6 Sn 5 , which are embedded in Sn matrix. The effects of IMC particles are very significant because they have very different crystal configurations with different anisotropic mechanical and thermal properties, compared to Sn matrix. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify the influence of intermetallics and tin matrix on overall properties of solder alloys. The outcome will lead to more accurate prediction of performance and deformation behavior of solder joints under various loading conditions in practical applications.The objective of this study is to develop a micromechanical model, that takes inputs pertaining to individual constituents’ mechanical properties and volume fractions to produce outputs in the form of effective properties of bulk solder. Studies show that IMC particles work as reinforcement agents to strengthen the overall mechanical behavior. In this study, elastic moduli (E’s) of Sn and Ag 3 Sn are calculated from stiffness matrix. Then a representative volume element (RVE) is considered which contains all of the constituents according to their volume fractions. Size, shape and volume fractions of IMCs are determined from Scanning Electron Microscope – Focused Ion Beam (SEM-FIB) technology. Effective properties of RVE are calculated using periodic boundary conditions (PBCs) in ABAQUS. Finally, a model of tensile specimens is developed in ABAQUS finite element software with effective mechanical properties, and a correlation is established between numerical predictions and experimental results.
Mechanisms for nonlinear refractive index in organic cavity polaritons

The nonlinear optical response of organic polaritonic matter has received increasing attention due to their enhanced and controllable nonlinear response and their potential for novel optical devices such as compact photon sources and optical and quantum information devices. Using $z$ scans at different wavelengths and incident powers we have studied the nonlinear optical dispersion of ultrastrongly coupled organic cavity polaritons near the lower polariton band. We show that the up to 150-fold enhancement of the nonlinear response compared to a cavityless organic film arises from an intensity-dependent polaritonic resonant frequency shift (``blueshift''). Consequently, we find that these $z$-scan data can only be described by several terms of a power series expansion in intensity whose respective contributions depend on power broadening and detuning from the lower polariton band. We further show that the nonlinear response can be quantitatively described by a semiclassical three-level molecular model coupled to the cavity in which saturation reduces the Rabi splitting, thus accounting for the lower polariton band's observed blueshift.
The Effects of Acute Exercise on Appetite and Energy Intake in Men and Women

Abstract Purpose To compare energy intake (EI) and appetite regulation responses between men and women following acute bouts of aerobic (AEx), resistance exercise (REx), and a sedentary control (CON). Methods Men and women (n = 24; 50% male) with overweight/obesity, matched on age (32.3 ± 2 vs. 36.8 ± 2 yrs, p = 0.14) and BMI (28.1 ± 1.2 vs 29.0 ± 1.5 kg/m2, p = 0.64) completed 3 conditions: 1) AEx (65–70% of age-predicted maximum heart rate for 45 min); 2) REx (1-set to failure on 12 exercises); and 3) CON. Each condition was initiated in the post-prandial state (35 min following consumption of a standardized breakfast). Appetite (visual analog scale for hunger, satiety, and prospective food consumption [PFC]) and hormones (ghrelin, PYY, and GLP-1) were measured in the fasted state and every 30 min post-prandially for 3 h. Post-exercise ad libitum EI at the lunch meal was also measured. Results Men reported higher levels of hunger compared to women across all study conditions (AEx: Men: 7815.00 ± 368.3; Women: 5428.50 ± 440.0 mm x 180 min; p = 0.025; REx: Men: 7110.00 ± 548.4; Women: 6086.25 ± 482.9 mm x 180 min; p = 0.427; CON: Men: 8315.00 ± 429.8; Women: 5311.25 ± 543.1 mm x 180 min; p = 0.021) and consumed a greater absolute caloric load than women at the ad libitum lunch meal (AEx: Men: 1021.6 ± 105.4; Women: 851.7 ± 70.5 kcals; p = 0.20; REx: Men: 1114.7 ± 104.0; Women: 867.7 ± 76.4 kcals; p = 0.07; CON: Men: 1087.0 ± 98.8; Women: 800.5 ± 102.3 kcals; p = 0.06). However, when adjusted for relative energy needs, there was no difference in relative ad libitum EI observed between men and women. No differences in Area Under the Curve for Satiety, PFC, ghrelin, PYY, and GLP-1 were noted between men and women following acute exercise (all p > 0.05). Conclusions These data suggest that women report lower ratings of appetite following an acute bout of exercise or sedentary time when compared to men, yet have similar relative EI. Future work is needed to examine whether sex-based differences in appetite regulation and EI are present with chronic exercise of differing modalities.
Temporal Compressive Sensing for Video

Video camera architects must design cameras capable of high-quality, dynamic event capture, while adhering to power and communications constraints. Though modern imagers are capable of both simultaneous spatial and temporal resolutions at micrometer and microsecond scales, the power required to sample at these rates is undesirable. The field of compressive sensing (CS) has recently suggested a solution to this design challenge. By exploiting physical-layer compression strategies, one may overlay the original scene with a coding sequence to sample at sub-Nyquist rates with virtually no additional power requirement. The underlying scene may be later estimated without significant loss of fidelity. In this chapter, we cover a variety of such strategies taken to improve an imager’s temporal resolution. Highlighting a new low-power acquisition paradigm, we show how a video sequence of high temporal resolution may be reconstructed from a single video frame taken with a low-framerate camera.
Perianal Paget's disease

Over the past 11 years (1974 to 1985) ten patients with perianal Paget's disease were treated. The average age was 64 years and half were male. Two patients were diagnosed as an incidental finding after hemorrhoidectomy and the remainder presented with a symptomatic perianal rash (itching and moisture) that averaged two years in duration. Physical examination in these patients demonstrated characteristic lesions (seven with erythematous or ulcerated, whitish gray lesions and one with a papillary lesion). Three patients presented with invasive carcinomas and, despite aggressive therapy, all developed metastatic disease. Two patients had local excisions with minimal margins and developed associated invasive cancers at four and ten years after diagnosis. The remaining five patients were treated by wide local excision and skin grafts. At present all are free of disease. The characteristic appearance of this lesion and its failure to respond quickly to conventional therapy should lead the clinician to obtain a biopsy which readily establishes the diagnosis. Experience confirms that wide local excision is adequate therapy, but adequate initial evaluation and close followup are necessary to identify other malignancies that may develop.
Detection of errors in protein models

The detection of errors in protein models is discussed. Programs used in this field, including PROCHECK, WHAT IF, VERIFY3D and ERRAT, are described and the type of errors that they detect are outlined. Examples of the detection of errors in structures are provided with a focus on the programs VERIFY3D and ERRAT. Keywords: ERRAT; PROCHECK; VERIFY3D; WHAT IF; errors; structure validation