cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Feminist Theories and Feminist Psychotherapies: Origins, Themes, and Variations

Feminist Theories and Feminist Psychotherapies gives you a better understanding of the diversity of feminist theory and how the orientation of your own theories influences your practice. Examining your own personal assumptions is necessary in order to ensure that your practice is anchored in a coherent and consistent framework. Feminist Theories and Feminist Psychotherapies is a clear and concise book with several short, thought-provoking self-assessment questionnaires to aid you in your reflection. The self-understanding you'll gain will make you a more competent and consistent therapist.
Cooperative interactions in neurophysin-neuropeptide hormone complexes. Analytical affinity chromatography of native and covalently-modified neurophysins.

The structural interdependence between neurophysin (NP) self-association and ligand binding surfaces has been studied by analytical affinity chromatography of several NP sequence variants and derivatives on Met-Tyr-Phe-aminobutyl-agarose and bovine NP-II Sepharose. Elutions of radiolabeled NP's from both matrices show that hybrid dimers can form between major bovine NP's (I and II, or VLDV- and MSEL-NP's, respectively), as well as between human and bovine NP's, with affinities close to that for homologous dimer formation. Such evidence supports the view that the region of NP involved in NP-NP contact is composed primarily of conserved structural elements of the protein. NP antibodies which recognize surfaces close to or in the NP-NP contact region have been detected by their effects on bovine NP-II elution on NP-II Sepharose. Elutions of [3-nitro-Tyr 49] BNP-II from Met-Tyr-Phe-aminobutyl-agarose showed that nitration has little effect on the chromatographic properties of NP-II. This evidence substantiates previous arguments (Angal, S. & Chaiken, I.M. (1982) Biochemistry 21, 1574-1580) that the chromatographic behavior of native NP's on the affinity matrices is an expression of the interdependence of NP self-association and ligand binding surfaces and not due to bivalent peptide binding by NP monomer. The affinity chromatographic properties of NP derivatives, including bovine NP-II photolabeled in the ligand binding site and tryptic fragments of bovine NP-I (NP-I-(9-93) and [des 19-20] NP-I-(9-93)), support the view that the surfaces for ligand binding and NP-NP contact are conformationally linked. The data argue that conformational changes that ensue upon noncovalent ligand binding and lead to enhanced NP self-association cannot occur favorably with the protein modified by either covalent ligand attachment or limited amino-terminal proteolysis.
Versatility for Unknown Worlds: Mobile Sensors and Self-reconfiguring Robots

In this paper we propose mobile sensors and self-reconfiguring robots to increase the versatility of mobile robots in unstructured environments. Mobile sensors enrich the class of on-line algorithms that can be performed with fixed architecture robots by providing flexibility in information gathering and extraction from the world. A self-reconfiguring robot can autonomously and dynamically reconfigure in a variety of shapes to support multiple modalities of locomotion, manipulation, and sensing. We describe experiments with mobile sensors and self-reconfiguring robots.
Uptake of long-chain fatty acid methyl esters by mammalian cells

Albumin-bound long-chain fatty acid methyl esters (ME) were taken up and utilized by Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and slices of rat heart, liver, and kidney. Much more ME than albumin was taken up by the tumor cells, indicating that ME dissociated from the carrier protein during their uptake. 70-80% of the radioactivity associated with the cells after 1 min of incubation at 37 degrees C remained as ME. The results of studies with metabolic inhibitors and glucose suggest that uptake of ME is an energy-independent process. Changes in incubation medium pH between 7.8 and 6.5 did not markedly alter uptake of ME. Cells incubated with FFA and methanol did not synthesize ME. These findings indicate that ME are taken up intact, and they suggest that the presence of an anionic carboxyl group is not essential for the binding of a long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon to a mammalian cell. When incubation with labeled ME was continued for 1 hr, increasing amounts of radioactivity were recovered in FFA, phospholipids, neutral lipid esters, and CO(2). ME radioactivity associated with the cells after a brief initial incubation was released in the form of ME and FFA when the cells were incubated subsequently in a medium containing albumin. If the second incubation medium contained no albumin, most of the ME radioactivity initially associated with the cells was incorporated into phospholipids, neutral lipid esters, and CO(2). These results suggest that much of the ME which is taken up, is hydrolyzed to FFA, and that the fatty acids derived from ME are available for further metabolism.
A Power Benchmarking Framework for Network Devices

Energy efficiency is becoming increasingly important in the operation of networking infrastructure, especially in enterprise and data center networks. Researchers have proposed several strategies for energy management of networking devices. However, we need a comprehensive characterization of power consumption by a variety of switches and routers to accurately quantify the savings from the various power savings schemes. In this paper, we first describe the hurdles in network power instrumentation and present a power measurement study of a variety of networking gear such as hubs, edge switches, core switches, routers and wireless access points in both stand-alone mode and a production data center. We build and describe a benchmarking suite that will allow users to measure and compare the power consumed for a large set of common configurations at any switch or router of their choice. We also propose a network energy proportionality index, which is an easily measurable metric, to compare power consumption behaviors of multiple devices.
SQLServer for Windows CE-a database engine for mobile and embedded platforms

The paper presents an overview of Microsoft SQLServer for Windows CE. This is a relational database engine designed for mobile and embedded applications. The focus of the article is on: (a) connectivity and integration with backend SQLServer databases (replication and synchronization); (b) the application development framework (integration with common development tools and languages); (c) SQL features and functionality.
Optimal Heifer Growth Rates Based on Forage and Concentrate Price Relationships

Abstract Concentrate price, interest rate, labor and housing costs, and heifer value were considered in determining maximum hay price for economic justification of increase less than .82 kg/d in BW of heifers. Feed intakes at seven different growth rates were determined by balancing rations consisting of orchardgrass hay, corn grain, and soybean meal for nutrient requirements of heifers at 181 to 363 kg of BW. Hay price solution was determined for equal present value between feed costs, labor and housing costs, and 363-kg heifer value at .82 kg/d and each of six slower growth rates. These prices were used as independent variables in an equation predicting maximum hay price for economic justification of reduced concentrate feeding for BW increase less than .82 kg/d based on interest rate, daily labor and housing cost, concentrate price, and rate of growth. When 363-kg heifers were equal in value regardless of age, maximum hay price ranged from 0 to $28/907 kg with examined scenarios, indicating few circumstances for economic feasibility of slower growth rates. When slower increase in BW resulted in additional heifer value at 363 kg of BW because of market conditions or more desirable timing of replacements, new parameter estimates indicated a variety of price and cost combinations in which reduced concentrate feeding was a profit maximizing strategy.
Performance of a simple multiparameter data acquisition system at balloon altitudes

Abstract The design and operation of a data acquisition system based on an IBM clone is described. The system was designed to allow the automated measurement of X-ray spectra in a balloon environment and is intended to be used in a “stand alone” configuration. The only external modules required for this application are the addition of a 6-bit ADC and a 16-bit direct memory access (DMA) interface unit. The system has been optimized towards low power consumption, small size and fast data processing. The acquisition system was recently flown on a high altitude balloon over Palestine, Texas, USA. The system performed successfully for 31 h in an environment exhibiting temperature and pressure extremes of 80°C and 1 bar, respectively.
Intraorgan blood flow measurement by absorption spectrophotometry: Preliminary report

Preliminary investigations have indicated that light at specific wavelengths, when transilluminating dog sartorius muscle, was maximally absorbed by stained erythrocytes and/or plasma passing through the muscle's capillaries and venules.
Characterization of enkephalin release from rat striatum.

: Using antisera specific for methionine- and leucine-enkephalin, we studied the characteristics of the release of these peptides from rat striatal slices. Only 2–3% of the total tissue stores of enkephalin could be released by potassium depolarization; similar percentages were released from globus pallidus, thalamus, and nucleus accumbens. Enkephalin release from hippocampus could not be detected. The striatal release of both enkephalins was affected similarly by changes in potassium and calcium levels in the superfusion medium. Lithium has no effect on either basal or potassium-stimulated release; tyr-arg did not affect basal release of either peptide. Striatal enkephalin levels were stable during the short-term incubation periods used in these experiments.
High‐throughput measurement, correlation analysis, and machine‐learning predictions for pH and thermal stabilities of Pfizer‐generated antibodies

Generating stable antibodies is an important goal in the development of antibody-based drugs. Often, thermal stability is assumed predictive of overall stability. To test this, we used different internally created antibodies and first studied changes in antibody structure as a function of pH, using the dye ANS. Comparison of the pH50 values, the midpoint of the transition from the high-pH to the low-pH conformation, allowed us for the first time to rank antibodies based on their pH stability. Next, thermal stability was probed by heating the protein in the presence of the dye Sypro Orange. A new data analysis method allowed extraction of all three antibody unfolding transitions and showed close correspondence to values obtained by differential scanning calorimetry. T1%, the temperature at which 1% of the protein is unfolded, was also determined. Importantly, no correlations could be found between thermal stability and pH50, suggesting that to accurately quantify antibody stability, different measures of protein stability are necessary. The experimental data were further analyzed using a machine-learning approach with a trained model that allowed the prediction of biophysical stability using primary sequence alone. The pH stability predictions proved most successful and were accurate to within pH ±0.2.
Potassium iodate oxidation route to polyaniline: an optimization study

Abstract A study of the bulk polymerization of aniline by potassium iodate in aqueous acidic media is reported. The effect of varying the solution acidity, reaction time and both the relative and absolute reactant concentrations on the polymer yield, chemical composition and compressed pellet conductivity of the polyaniline product was investigated. It is shown that substantial amounts of iodine are incorporated into the polymer, particularly at higher initial oxidant/monomer mole ratios. The chemical nature of the incorporated iodine species is complex but preliminary X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies suggest that several species are probably present. Partial removal of this iodine can be achieved by dedoping the polyaniline powders, indicating that at least some of the iodine is present as a dopant anion. The polyaniline powders were also characterized by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and Raman spectroscopy.
The effect of vinblastine on CFU-E in normal and W anaemic mice.

Using a plasma clot technique, we studied the comparative levels of in vitro erythroid colony forming units (CFU-E) of normal and W anaemic mice following intravenous (IV) injection of 6·25 mg/kg of vinblastine (VBL). Mice used in this study were C57B1/6J, WBB6F,1, (+/+, WVv/+ and W/Wv). CFU-E content was looked at on day 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 following IV VBL. The CFU-E content of bone marrow (BM) and spleen was adequate prior to VBL treatment in all four mouse strains tested. We found IV VBL resulted in a significant rebound of CFU-E production in spleens of all four mouse strains. Most CFU-E production occurred on days 7 and 10 post VBL. The total CFU-E content of BM was not significantly affected by VBL in C57B1/6J, WBB6F1, +/+ and Wv/+ mice. However, a significant reduction of total CFU-E was seen in the BM of WBB6F1, W/Wv mice. This plus the fact that increased CFU-E is seen in the spleen of all mouse strains including W/Wv suggests that there may be differing cellular or environmental factor(s) in different hematological organs controlling CFU-E of the W/Wv mouse.
Partial vibration energy transfer map for methyl fluoride: A laser fluorescence study

Infrared fluorescence has been observed from the 2ν3 overtone, the ν3+ν6 combination band and the ν1, ν2, ν4, ν5, and ν6 fundamentals of CH3F after pumping of the ν3, 0→ 1 transition by the P (20), 9.6 μ line of a Q‐switched CO2 laser. All observed states exhibit a single exponential decay curve with a rate of 0.59 msec−1· torr−1. The fluorescence risetimes of the ν6, ν2 and ν5, ν1 and ν4, and 2ν3 states were also observed. The rate of rise of the ν1 and ν4 fluorescence and the 2ν3 fluorescence is faster than 7 μsec at 1 torr. The ν6 fluorescence risetime is pressure dependent with a rate constant of 106± 21 msec−1· torr−1. The pressure dependent rate of rise of the ν2 and ν5 fluorescence is 86± 17 msec−1· torr−1. Measurements of the steady state dependence of the ν2 and ν5 fluorescence intensity versus laser intensity were made. The temperature dependence of the Q‐switch excited fluorescence intensity from the 2ν3 and ν1 and ν4 states was also studied. No evidence of excited state absorption was observed...
The use of auxiliary data in robust univariate mean estimation

Consider the problem of estimating the mean of a distribution in which the observed data are believed to be highly susceptible to gross errors (i.e., a false reading of the true value of the variate). In such situations, so-called robust statistical techniques have been found to be useful. In a nutshell, the essence of robust location estimation is the downweighting of the influence of outliers, where the outlying status of an observation is determined either by its relative order in the sample or according to its distance from the estimate of location.
Chromatographic methods for the identification of biogenic amines

Abstract I. Column chromatography in which the stationary phase is cellulose and the mobile phase is a mixture of butanol-acetic acid-water is reported as a method to separate a number of amines. These amines either occur naturally or are likely to occur. 2. Paper chromatography in which similar solvents were used and also 2-butanone-propionic acid-water is reported as a method to separate amines and a number of amino acids and derivatives. The R F values in these solvents are given for 26 compounds studied. 3. A method to separate quantitatively amines from amino acids (except the basic amino acids) is reported. The possibility of using this method for the measurement of some amino acid decarboxylases is discussed.
Lethal intragroup aggression by adult male spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi)

I report three cases of coalitionary aggression by adult male black-handed spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) against subadult males within their community on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama. Two of these cases were followed by the disappearance and presumed death of the victim. Similar behavior was recently reported by Valero et al. [in press], who suggested that this behavior may be the result of intense male reproductive competition. Like the single instance they reported, the cases I report all occurred when the operational sex ratio was approximately 1:1, which suggests that intense competition among males for access to reproductively viable females may be a contributing factor. Additionally the very low density of spider monkeys on BCI may play a significant role in the occurrence of this lethal aggression. Large numbers of adult males are not necessary to protect a territorial boundary against neighboring groups, and additional males may act merely as mating competition.
H3O + /Cl - Association in High-Temperature Aqueous Solutions over a Wide Range of State Conditions. A Direct Comparison between Simulation and Electrical Conductance Experiment

The radial profiles of the potential of mean force for the H3O+···Cl- pair are determined by constraint molecular dynamics of infinitely dilute high-temperature HCl aqueous solutions over a wide range of state conditions. The ion-pair association constant are consequently calculated and compared with those obtained from the most accurate recent electrical conductance experiments [Ho, P. C.; Palmer, D. A.; Gruszkiewicz, M. S. J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105, 1260−1266] at corresponding states. Resulting equilibrium constants between contact and solvent-shared ion-pair configurations indicate that more than 97% of configurations are contact ion-pairs. The adequacy of some simple fully electrostatic models to represent ion-pair association behavior in high-temperature aqueous solutions is also discussed.
The end of the cold war and its effects on Slavic and East European collections in the West

The years 1989–91 saw tremendous changes in the political map of Eastern Europe. These changes have resulted in varying degrees of acquisition difficulties for Slavic and Eastern European language ...
L 2 , 3 M 45 M 45 Auger Spectra of Metallic Copper and Zinc: Theory and Experiment

The ${L}_{2}{M}_{45}{M}_{45}$ and ${L}_{3}{M}_{45}{M}_{45}$ Auger spectra of clean metallic copper and zinc were measured. A theory was developed to predict the Auger energies. The theory employs experimental electron binding energies, which were also measured, two-electron integrals, and Hartree-Fock energies. It accounts for multiplet splitting in the ${d}^{8}$ final state, predicting structure in excellent agreement with experiment in zinc and in very good agreement in copper. It also accounts for "static" atomic relaxation and for static extra-atomic relaxation (screening), which is related to the Friedel theory of alloys. The theory developed here predicts the Auger energies to within 1 eV in zinc and 2-3 eV in copper. Since atomic integrals were used, the success of the theory implies that an atomistic approach to Auger energies is valid for these metals. The magnitude of the extra-atomic relaxation energy (\ensuremath{\sim} 10 eV) suggests that it may be a crucial factor in Auger energy shifts arising from chemical environment or surface condition.
Anomalous dc current singularities in Josephson tunnel junctions

Abstract We have observed large anomalous dc current singularities at non-zero voltages in near-ideal Josephson tunnel junctions in the absence of external magnetic field. The voltage positions of these singularities are junction-geometry dependent and the amplitudes are temperature dependent in the direction opposite to the temperature dependence of the zero-voltage dc current. These observations indicate that the junction resonant modes are excited even in homogeneous junctions in zero applied magnetic field.
Mechanical Characterization and Simulation of Murine Thrombi

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the formation of a thrombus, or blood clot, in one of the extremities, often in the vein of a leg. Approximately 2 million incidences of DVT occur annually. Roughly 300,000 people die due to the development of a pulmonary embolism (PE), which occurs when the thrombus from a DVT relocates to the pulmonary artery. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is another life-threatening disease involving thrombi, resulting in 15,000 deaths annually. Together, these diseases impact over 2.5 million people each year. The effects of mechanical properties on thrombi dissociation and aortic rupture are not well characterized, and this lack of knowledge has hampered significant treatment and management of many blood-related diseases, as well as the development of optimal drug therapies. Determining these mechanical properties (i.e., elastic modulus and viscosity) is valuable information, as it can be used as inputs to simulations of thrombi disorders to more accurately determine thrombus dissociation or aortic rupture. The goal of this research is to determine the mechanical properties of murine (rat) thrombi under physiologic conditions via nanoindentation, for use as inputs data to numerical flow simulations.Copyright © 2011 by ASME
Antimicrobial activity, bacterial resistance, and antimicrobial pharmacology. Is it possible to use new agents cost-effectively?

Abstract Perusal of the various journals devoted to antimicrobial agents and to the chemotherapy of infectious diseases reveals an increasing number of articles devoted to the analysis of the pharmacology of antimicrobial agents and the relationships of antimicrobial activity and pharmacologic properties. However, most attention to the pharmacokinetic properties of antimicrobial agents in the past decade has focused on the toxic properties of these agents, and there has been little work devoted to improving methods of administration. The availability of nontoxic antibiotics that are extremely active at low concentrations and of agents with markedly extended half-lives should cause us to reevaluate some of our current dosing practices. In many ways, a major adverse influence on appropriate antimicrobial therapy of ordinary infections has been the febrile neutropenic patient. Lessons learned from the care of these patients are inappropriately applied to the treatment of other patients. The neutropenic patient requires frequent administration of antibiotics at maximally tolerated doses. Many patients at risk for Infection do not require antimicrobial therapeutic programs in which the antibiotic always exceeds the minimal inhibitory concentration. Indeed, the concept that the drug must be present in the serum well above the minimal inhibitory concentration for the entire interval of infection is derived from studies of neutropenic patients Infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Increasing resistance of hospital-acquired bacteria to older antibacterial agents will alter the initial and subsequent selection of antimicrobial agent. Combination drug therapy, which has a prominent role In the neutropenic patient, frequently results in greater cost to the health care system than is seen with single agents that are active against resistant bacteria. There are clear areas in which new antibacterial agents will be beneficial. We may be at a stage in which use of the older agents can no longer be viewed as the best clinically and economically. Better use of twice-or once-daily dosing programs of new agents coupled with use of Intramuscular and oral administration of antibiotics can help reduce nosocomial infections that contribute to rising health costs.
Magnetization of U0.9688Th0.0312Be13

Abstract We present measurements of the low temperature dc magnetization of a single crystal of U0.9688Th0.0312Be13 as a function of magnetic field for two orientations of the crystal with respect to the field. A qualitative difference in the behavior of the amplitude of the magnetic hysteresis in the superconducting state may be interpreted as evidence for the existence of two superconducting phases, at least one of which is anisotropic.
Risk-prone foraging behaviour in captive grey jays, Perisoreus canadensis

Abstract Grey jays were allowed to forage in a two-patch, closed-economy laboratory operant simulation of bark-gleaning foraging behaviour. Each patch exhibited identical mean variable ratio schedules (prey densities) but differed in variances around the mean. Four prey densities were used, ranging from very high density to a density demonstrated to provide a negative energy budget. Jays that did not develop side biases consistently foraged in high variance patches, exhibiting risk-prone behaviour. Time of day did not influence risk-sensitive foraging patterns. Several possible explanations for this behaviour are explored including body size, closed economy effects and the influence of the perception of prey value discounted by delay.
Incorporation of the red copper nitrosocyanin binding loop into blue copper azurin

Loop-directed mutagenesis was applied to the blue copper protein azurin to replace its copper binding loop with that from the red copper protein nitrosocyanin. A ten amino acid long loop that provides three of the four copper ligands from nitrosocyanin was incorporated into azurin to make a variant called NC-azurin. The chimeric protein displayed a red color, and UV–vis absorption and EPR spectra that closely resembled those of the loop parent, nitrosocyanin. We added the fourth ligand from nitrosocyanin into NC-azurin, a carboxylate-containing amino acid, but the proteins had altered stability and spectroscopic properties that did not resemble those of either parent copper protein. The loop alone, however, was enough to impart red copper site characteristics to the NC-azurin protein. Finally, the reduction potential of the variant was found to be between the reduction potentials of the parent proteins and about 50 mV below that of wild-type azurin.
Thalamostriatal projection neurons in birds utilize LANT6 and neurotensin: a light and electron microscopic double-labeling study

Abstract Based on its location, connectivity and neurotransmitter content, the dorsal thalamic zone in birds appears to be homologous to the intralaminar, midline, and mediodorsal nuclear complex in the thalamus of mammals. We investigated the neuroactive substances used by thalamostriatal projection neurons of the dorsal thalamic zone in the pigeon. Single-labeling experiments showed that many neurons in the dorsal thalamic zone are immunoreactive for neurotensin and the neurotensin-related hexapeptide, (Lys 8 ,Asn 9 )NT (8–13) (LANT6). Double-labeling experiments, using the retrograde fluorescent tracer, FluoroGold, combined with fluorescence immunocytochemistry for either LANT6 or neurotensin, showed that neurotensin- and LANT6-containing neurons in the dorsal thalamic zone project to the striatum of the basal ganglia. Immunofluorescence double-labeling experiments showed that neurotensin and LANT6 are often (possibly always) co-expressed in neurons in the dorsal thalamic zone. Electron microscopic immunohistochemical double-labeling showed that LANT6 terminals in the striatum make asymmetric contacts with heads of spines labeled for substance P and heads of spines not labeled for substance P, suggesting that these terminals synapse with both substance P-containing and non-substance P-containing medium spiny striatal projection neurons. These findings indicate that LANT6 and neurotensin may be utilized as neurotransmitters in thalamostriatal projections in birds and raise the possibility that this may also be the case in other amniotes.
A survey and comparison of end-system overlay multicast solutions suitable for network-centric warfare

Multicasting at the IP layer has not been widely adopted due to a combination of technical and non-technical issues. End-system multicast (also called application-layer multicast) is an attractive alternative to IP layer multicast for reasons of user management (set-up and control) and attack avoidance. Sessions can be established on demand such that there are no static points of failure to target in advance. In end-system multicast, an overlay network is built on top of available network services and packets are multicasted at the application layer. The overlay is organized such that each end host participating in a multicast communication re-sends multicasted messages to some of its peers, but not all of them. Thus end-system multicast allows users to manage multicast sessions under varying network conditions without being dependent on specific network conditions or specific network equipment maintaining multicast state information. In this paper we describe a variety of proposed end-system multicast solutions and classify them according to characteristics such as overlay building technique, management, and scalability. Comparing these characteristics across different end-system multicast solutions is a step toward understanding which solutions are appropriate for different battlespace requirements and where further research is needed.
Similar Outcome of Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Treated With Imatinib in or Out of Clinical Trials

Abstract Introduction Outcomes of CML-CP patients treated in clinical trials are frequently perceived to be not representative of those treated outside of clinical trials. Patients and Methods We investigated the outcomes of patients receiving imatinib outside of a clinical trial (off protocol) or in a clinical trial (on protocol) for CML-CP. Results We identified 65 patients treated with imatinib off protocol and 71 patients treated on protocol with standard-dose imatinib. The overall complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) rate was 83% for patients treated on and off protocol. CCyR rates 12 months after initiation of imatinib were not statistically different (61% vs. 66%, respectively; P = .15). Patients treated off protocol had similar rates of overall major molecular response (72% vs. 73%) compared with the patients treated on protocol. The 5-year event-free survival rates were 84% and 86% for off and on protocol patients, respectively. There was also no significant difference in 5-year transformation free survival (94% vs. 96%) and overall survival (96% vs. 90%). Conclusion These results suggest that patients with CML treated outside of a clinical trial might have the same excellent outcome as those treated in a clinical trial provided they are followed with the same rigor.
Swinging: a test of two theories and a proposed new model.

One objective was to test two of the major theories of swinging. The first, rooted in the concept of marginality, is based on the idea that swingers are relatively new to their communities and to the middle class. The second has argued that swingers are more likely to be less attached to the community and the institutions in society. A third theory takes a more social psychological approach, viewing swingers within an “emergent” situation. However, this approach does not include any predisposing factors. A second objective, therefore, was to analyze the effects of a predisposing variable thought to be important in swinging—jealousy. A group of 114 swingers, along with a control group of 114 nonswingers, responded to a questionnaire containing a number of demographic and attitudinal items. Results indicated that swingers, compared to nonswingers, had lived in their communities for fewer years, had moved more often within the past 5 years, and identified less with religion. However, swingers were no different on political identification or newness to the middle class. And, contrary to expectations, swingers belonged to more community organizations than nonswingers and responded in a less alienated fashion on two items. When jealousy was introduced, it was found that swingers perceived themselves as less jealous than nonswingers and that nonjealous swingers were more liberal than nonjealous nonswingers on a number of attitudinal items. Finally, a social psychological model of swinging, including predisposing factors, is presented.
Approaches to identifying reservoir heterogeneity in barrier/strandplain reservoirs and the opportunities for increased oil recovery: an example from the prolific oil-producing Jackson-Yegua trend, south Texas

Abstract The Jackson-Yegua Barrier/Strandplain sandstone play is a prolific oil-producing trend in south Texas, although it is characterized by low recovery efficiencies. Low oil gravity, weak solution gas drive, complex stratigraphy and structural complications contribute to low recoveries. This is despite very high average porosity (31%) and permeability (600 mD). There is potential for substantial reserve growth by targeting the remaining mobile oil resource. Seventy-Six West is a typical field of the Jackson-Yegua play. Detailed reservoir characterization of this field indicates a highly complex reservoir architecture consisting of a mosaic of strike-oriented barrier-core, shoreface and inner shelf shoal sandstones and mudstone-rich back-barrier/lagoonal deposits that are cross-cut by dip-oriented tidal inlet fills and fluvial channels. Reservoir continuity is further disrupted by small-scale (10–100 ft; 3–30.5m) normal faults and dip reversals. Production trends are controlled by the complex reservoir sandstone geometry and faults, and eight discrete compartments are interpreted from the reservoir architecture, structure and trends in oil and water production. This internal reservoir heterogeneity provides potential for bypassed mobile oil in untapped compartments and partially swept zones in waterflood areas and, thus, defines targets for infill drilling and highlights the opportunity to optimize waterflood design. A new field discovery was made and a potential field extension also defined. The case study at Seventy-Six West is applicable to all Jackson-Yegua fields and will ultimately help to increase oil recovery. Furthermore, the approaches outlined here are not unique to barrier/strandplain reservoirs such as the Jackson-Yegua play and have application to all siliciclastic reservoirs where low recovery efficiencies indicate the likelihood of bypassed mobile oil.
Vertical distribution of atmospheric aerosol size distribution over south-central New Mexico

Abstract The vertical distribution of background atmospheric aerosols was measured over south-central New Mexico as a part of the Atmospheric Lidar Verification Experiment (ALIVE) during four research field periods in the summers and winters of 1989 and 1990. Aerosol size distribution was measured from the surface up to 4500 m above sea level (asl) over the particle size range 0.1∼32 μm, using two Particle Measuring Systems (PMS) probes mounted on the wings of the NOAA King Air research aircraft. Vertical profiles of aerosol number concentrations of both fine- (0.1–2.0 μm) and coarse- (>2.0 μm) particle modes show seasonal differences, with higher number concentrations and higher mixed layer heights during summers. The measured aerosol size distribution data of each ALIVE intensive were averaged for boundary layer and free troposphere regions. These data mostly exhibit bi-modal distributions, typical for the continental atmospheric aerosols. Exceptions were the free troposphere size distributions measured during December 1989 (ALIVE III) and June 1990 (ALIVE IV), which resemble Junge's power-law distribution. Each of the averaged aerosol size distributions was approximated by the sum of log-normal distributions. Different characteristics of aerosol size distribution were observed between the two summer measurements of 1989 and 1990. Back-trajectory analysis revealed that decreased aerosol concentrations were observed during June 1990 when the air mass was transported from the southwestern U.S.A.
A mass spectrometric investigation of the thermal oxidative reactivity of ethylene glycol

Abstract The thermal oxidative stability of ethylene glycol was investigated over the temperature range of 100–126°C. Aqueous ethylene glycol were heated in sealed tubes in the presence of metallic copper and without metal. Mass spectrometric analysis was used to determine the rates of O 2 consumption and CO 2 evolution during heating. Copper had a catalytic effect of the glycol degradation. It was found that the rate limiting step in the thermal oxidative process was not related to oxygen consumption, suggesting that the rate limiting step involved the formation of a free radical which subsequently reacts with O 2 . The evolution of CO 2 continued to occur after total consumption of the O 2 . This suggested that the CO 2 is evolved from one of the thermal oxidation products of ethylene glycol.
Florida manatees, Trichechus manatus latirostris, respond to approaching vessels

Florida manatees inhabit shallow coastal and estuarine waters of the southeast US, a range that brings them into frequent contact with vessels. More than 30% of documented annual mortalities are attributed to vessel collisions, and most living animals bear the scars of multiple, non-lethal encounters. To document the behavior of manatees in the presence of vessels, we recorded their movements with an overhead video system. We scored six aspects of behavior during 170 vessel approaches, and compared their behavior with 187 control segments when no boats were present. Manatees in shallow waters and at the edge of the channel responded to approaches by orienting towards the nearest deep water, a boat channel, and increasing their swimming speed. Close boat approaches and shallow water depths exacerbated these responses. Our results indicate that manatees detect and respond to approaching vessels with an apparent flight response, a response which includes movement towards deeper water. If given sufficient time, i.e., approached or passed slowly, the manatees may then be able to reach deeper water and safe depths.
Accuracy of Learning Disabled Students' Self-Prediction of Decoding.

Two experiments were conducted to investigate LD children's ability to predict and evaluate their own oral decoding performance. In the first experiment, LD and non-LD children predicted whether they could correctly pronounce words which varied in pronounceability, as defined by orthographic structure. Results indicated that non-LD children's predictions were more sensitive to orthographic variations than were those of the LD subjects. In a second experiment subjects were required to predict performance of nonsense words from a standardized reading test, whose items were of graduated difficulty. A “range” was constructed for each child spanning the easiest item on which a child made an error to the most difficult item to which he/she responded correctly. Groups of LD and normal children were established, matched on number of words in a “range” and accuracy within the range. Results tentatively suggested that when words were individualized in this manner, LD children were as competent as non-LD children in...
Fibrosis and renal aging

Glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis increase in the aging kidney, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases with increasing age. Decreases in stem cell number and function contribute to renal aging. High-dose angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) not only slows the progression of glomerular and vascular sclerosis in aging but can also induce regression of these processes independently of its hemodynamic actions. By using new interventions, such as peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist, we can manipulate the process of renal aging by regulating stem cells and other mechanisms.
The morphology and crystallography of Ferrous lath martensite. Studies of Fe-20%Ni-5%Mn—II. Transmission electron microscopy

Abstract This investigation reports a transmission electron microscopy study of the isothermal lathtype martensite in an Fe-20%Ni-5%Mn alloy. All laths showed the Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship: single isolated laths as well as adjacent laths in a packet. Trace analysis shows that the martensite-austenite interfaces are near A , in agreement with optical microscopy, although the boundary is frequently stepped. Adjacent martensite laths in a packet were found to have the same orientation, variant of the Kurdjumov-Sachs relation and habit plane. In all cases (isolated and adjoining laths) the lath substructure consisted of three sets of 〈111〉 screw dislocations in a cross-grid arrangement similar to that previously observed in the untwinned regions of plate martensite in Fe-Ni alloys. Dislocations at the tips of laths and at the lath-lath interfaces were of the same type and arrangement as those found within the laths. No internal twins were observed in the laths.
Coverage of Women's Sports in Selected Newspapers

Sports sections from 3 newspapers with large, medium, and small circulations were analyzed for their coverage of women's sports. Contrary to Theberge and Cronk, extent of coverage was not related to newspapers' circulation.
Enforcing the liferenter's obligation to repair: Roman law, ' ius commune ' and Scots law

A liferenter has the right to use the fiar's property. Furthermore, he has the right to possession. Only after the termination of the liferent, the fiar can take up the possession and the use of the property himself. In the meantime, the fiar will want the liferenter to maintain the property, e.g., to carry out repairs. In Roman law, the liferenter was first only under an enforceable obligation to repair if he had rendered the cautio usufructuaria. However, in the further development of Roman law an actio in factum emerged in order to enforce the liferenter's duty to repair even if no cautio usufructuaria had been given. The exact point of time when this actio was developed is unclear. It is suggested that it emerged towards the end of the era of classical Roman law. During the time of the ius commune it was uncontested that the liferenter's duty to repair was enforceable even if no cautio usufructuaria had been given. As a consequence the liferenter did not have to nd caution in every case but only if the liferenter's conduct gave rise to fear a material infringement of the fiar's rights. The cause to revisit the question of the enforceability of the liferenter's duty to repair in its historical development is a decision of the Scottish Court of Session in 2002.
Automatic mesh split-and-merge technique for multiple surface models

In three-dimensional visualization, simulation and modeling applications, surface split-and-merge is a vital technique which creates a complete three-dimensional model that merges individual characterization and properties of multiple surface models. This paper presents an automatic mesh split-and-merge method to handle with the intersection detection, split and mergence processes between multiple surface models. All input models are firstly converted into the uniform triangular representation which retains fine surface features, and the bounding volume hierarchies are built for each model. And then, the hybrid bounding box technique based on the collision detection is used to classify the intersection triangle pairs between models. Furthermore, intersection line segments among these triangle pairs are accurately determined and used to re-mesh models based on the Constrained Delaunay. Finally, input models are split into distinct surface patches which will be merged into a complete surface model based on in-out tests technique. The presented method has been integrated into an automatic model mergence system, and experimental results demonstrate it can effectively and robustly merge multiple surface models.
Colloids and self-assembled monolayers

The fusion of disparate areas of study can produce results that give insight both into the original topics and into new subjects. Such has been the case for the areas of colloids and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). For example, an alkanethiolate monolayer bound to the surface of a gold colloid prevents aggregation of the metal particles, stabilizes them to harsh reaction conditions, and enhances their solubility in many organic solvents. The monolayer on the colloid (referred to as a 3D-SAM) can be studied by powerful techniques unavailable to conventional 2D-SAMs, including differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, and transmission infrared spectroscopy. Finally, other areas, such as the behavior of nanoelectrodes, the production of improved substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and the advent of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) measurements on the electronic properties of single clusters and molecules, have directly benefited from the interaction of colloids and SAMs.
Mitochondrial c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) Signaling Initiates Physiological Changes Resulting in Amplification of Reactive Oxygen Species Generation

The JNK signaling cascade is critical for cellular responses to a variety of environmental and cellular stimuli. Although gene expression aspects of JNK signal transduction are well studied, there are minimal data on the physiological impact of JNK signaling. To bridge this gap, we investigated how JNK impacted physiology in HeLa cells. We observed that inhibition of JNK activity and JNK silencing with siRNA reduced the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during anisomycin-induced stress in HeLa cells. Silencing p38 had no significant impact on ROS generation under anisomycin stress. Moreover, JNK signaling mediated amplification of ROS production during stress. Mitochondrial superoxide production was shown to be the source of JNK-induced ROS amplification, as an NADPH oxidase inhibitor demonstrated little impact on JNK-mediated ROS generation. Using mitochondrial isolation from JNK null fibroblasts and targeting the mitochondrial scaffold of JNK, Sab, we demonstrated that mitochondrial JNK signaling was responsible for mitochondrial superoxide amplification. These results suggest that cellular stress altered mitochondria, causing JNK to translocate to the mitochondria and amplify up to 80% of the ROS generated largely by Complex I. This work demonstrates that a sequence of events exist for JNK mitochondrial signaling whereby ROS activates JNK, thereby affecting mitochondrial physiology, which can have effects on cell survival and death.
Application of Orem's self-care deficit theory and standardized nursing languages in a case study of a woman with diabetes.

PURPOSE. This paper aims to illustrate the process of theory-based nursing practice by presenting a case study of a clinical nurse specialist's assessment and care of a woman with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN. Orem's self-care deficit theory and standardized nursing language, NANDA, NIC (Nursing Interventions Classification), and NOC (Nursing Outcomes Classification), guided assessment and the identification of outcomes and interventions related to the client's management of diabetes. FINDINGS. Theory-based nursing care and standardized nursing language enhanced the client's ability to self-manage the chronic illness: diabetes. CONCLUSION. Nursing theory and standardized nursing language enhance communication among nurses and support a client's ability to self-manage a chronic illness.
Enhancing Airport Surface Markings to Support Pilot Awareness About Runway Location

Enhancements to airport surface markings were developed to facilitate pilot awareness of the runway location and to increase the conspicuity of the holding position markings, see Olmos, Andrews, an...