cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The activity of transition metal oxides for cyclohexane dehydrogenation

Abstract The dehydrogenation of cyclohexane has been studied in a flow reactor on a number of oxide catalysts. Rate constants and apparent activation energies were determined in the temperature range 400–465 °C, and it was shown that the reaction is essentially first order with respect to cyclohexane pressure. Comparison of the rate constants at 450 °C for the oxides studied indicates that the catalytic activity is determined by the 3 d electron configuration of the metal ion. Highest activity was associated with the d 3 , d 2 , and d 1 configurations, while low activity was associated with the more stable d 0 , d 5 , and d 10 configurations. The results support previous studies of hydrogen and hydrocarbon reactions at oxide surfaces and can be discussed in terms of the application of crystal field theory to the formation of surface complexes.
β-Catenin signaling in hepatocellular cancer: Implications in inflammation, fibrosis, and proliferation.

β-Catenin signaling is implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), although its role in inflammation, fibrosis, and proliferation is unclear. Commercially available HCC tissue microarray (TMA) of 89 cases was assessed for β-catenin, one of its transcriptional targets glutamine synthetase (GS), proliferation (PCNA), inflammation (CD45), and fibrosis (Sirius Red). HCC cells transfected with wild-type (WT) or mutant-β-catenin were evaluated for β-catenin-T cell factor transactivation by TOPFlash reporter activity and expression of certain targets. Hepatocyte-specific-serine-45-mutated β-catenin transgenic mice (TG) and controls (Con) were used to study thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic fibrosis and tumorigenesis. Sustained β-catenin activation was only observed in mutant-, not WT-β-catenin transfected HCC cells. Aberrant intratumoral β-catenin stabilization was evident in 33% cases with 9% showing predominant nuclear with some cytoplasmic (N/C) localization and 24% displaying predominant cytoplasmic with occasional nuclear (C/N) localization. N/C β-catenin was associated with reduced fibrosis (p = 0.017) and tumor-wide GS staining (p < 0.001) while C/N correlated with increased intratumoral inflammation (p = 0.064) and proliferation (p = 0.029). A small subset of HCC patients (15.5%) lacked β-catenin staining and exhibited low inflammation and fibrosis (p < 0.05). TG and Con mice exposed to TAA showed comparable development of fibrosis and progression to cirrhosis and HCC. Taken together the data suggests a complex relationship of β-catenin, inflammation, fibrosis and HCC. GS staining is highly sensitive in identifying HCC with nuclear β-catenin, which may in turn represent β-catenin mutations, and does so with high negative predictive value. Also, β-catenin mutations and cirrhosis do not appear to cooperate in HCC pathogenesis in mice and men.
Protein-DNA interactions in the 5' region of the mouse alcohol dehydrogenase gene Adh-1.

Abstract The mouse alcohol dehydrogenase-encoding gene, Adh-1, is expressed at high levels in adult liver. We have begun analysis of the regulation of this gene, focusing upon specific DNA-protein interactions. Preliminary deletion mapping of the 5′ region indicated that a 521-bp fragment extending from nucleotide (nt) −468 to + 53 (relative to the transcription start point) could direct chloramphenicol acetyl transferase synthesis m hepatoma cells. We therefore focused upon this −468 to + 53 fragment. Using the gel mobility-shift assay, we detected at least four different complexes between proteins extracted from nuclei of mouse liver or hepatoma cells and regions within the −468 to + 53 fragment. Two of the DNA-protein complexes can be competed with a 43-bp region from nt −90 to −48, and an oligodeoxyribonucleotide spanning this region forms two complexes. The strongest of these two DNA-protein complexes has been localized by methylation interference experiments to the palindromic sequence CACGTG located between nt −57 and −62. This region is identical in the related human ADH2 gene, and may represent a novel regulatory sequence.
Effect of archer density on elk pregnancy rates and conception dates

Archery hunting in Oregon has increased dramatically over the past 2 decades. At the same time, spring juvenile to adult female ratios of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) have been declining. This has raised concern that archery seasons may be disrupting elk breeding and contributing to the decline in recruitment. Two mechanisms could contribute to reduced juvenile:female ratios: 1) reduced pregnancy rates, and 2) delayed conception dates because of human disturbance during the rut. We varied the number of archery hunters at the Starkey Experimental Forest and Range over 13 years to evaluate effects of archer density on reproduction of elk. Archer densities were maintained at high densities during 4 years , low densities during 3 years , and no archers during 6 years. We determined pregnancy status, age, kidney fat index (KFI), lactation status, and fetus conception dates for 622 female elk harvested in December. We found pregnancy rate differences of 0.105, 0.080, and 0.021 between high and no archer density years (P = 0.004), high and low archer density years (P = 0.054), and low and no archer density years (P = 0.616), respectively. Conception dates were 4 days later for high archer density compared to low archer density (P = 0.006), but did not differ between high and no archer years (2 days; P = 0.136) or between low and no archer years (2 days; P = 0.108). We compared generalized linear model estimates of pregnancy rates and determined pregnancy rates for 28% of the lactating female elk to be affected by high archer density, whereas archer densities had no significant affect on pregnancy rate estimates for non-lactating females. We found no difference in conception dates among archer densities when comparing model estimates. Our results suggest that archer density and its interaction with nutritional condition of elk influence pregnancy rates of lactating females with low KFI levels; however, the effect of archer density alone does not explain the magnitude of decline in juvenile to female ratios observed in Oregon. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
New polythiophene block copolymers for potential light harvesting applications

This paper presents preliminary synthetic and physical study of a new polythiophene block copolymer. These are conjugated donor (D) block poly(hexylenedithiathiophene) copolymerized with an acceptor (A) block of fluorinated ester derivatized polythiophene via an aliphatic bridge (B) unit. Experimental results show that when -DBAB- type of block copolymer forms, there is strong photoluminescence (PL) quenching in -DBAB- relative to D/A blend or the pristine D or A blocks. PL quenching is attributed to both intra and inter chain photo induced electron transfer or charge separation. Since block copolymer can be easily tailored, this system appears attractive for light harvesting applications including photovoltaic applications.
Multispectral imaging with a confocal microendoscope

The concept of a multispectral confocal microscope for in vivo imaging is introduced. To demonstrate the concept we modified a slit-scan fluorescence confocal microendoscope incorporating a fiber-optic catheter for in vivo imaging to record multispectral images. The system was designed to examine cellular structures during optical biopsy and to exploit the diagnostic information contained within the spectral domain. Preliminary experiments were carried out in phantoms and cell cultures to demonstrate the potential of the technique.
Twenty years of intensive fertilization and competing vegetation suppression in loblolly pine plantations: impacts on soil C, N, and microbial biomass.

Abstract Silvicultural treatments of fertilization (F) and competing vegetation suppression (H) have continued to increase as demands for forest products have grown. The effects of intensive annual F and H treatments on soil C, N, microbial biomass, and CO2 efflux were examined in a two-way factorial experiment (control, F, H, FxH) in late-rotation (20+ years) loblolly pine stands. This study is unique in testing the cumulative effects of continual H and repeated F treatments for the first 20 years of stand growth, an uncommon operational practice, and in having treatments replicated upon four different soil types in the state of Georgia, USA. Annual fertilization included applications of N, P, K and periodic additions of micronutrients while competing vegetation suppression was maintained for all non-pine vegetation with herbicides throughout the rotation. Measurements included total O-horizon (forest floor) organic matter, C, and N, and 0–10 cm mineral soil pH, C, N, microbial biomass C and N, and surface CO2 efflux. Sample collections and analyses were conducted seasonally for 1.5 yrs. Competing vegetation suppression was associated with a decrease of total soil C, soil microbial biomass C and N, and soil surface CO2 efflux, while increasing O-horizon C:N. The fertilization treatment greatly reduced soil microbial biomass C and N, soil pH, and O-horizon C:N, while increasing O-horizon mass, N content, and soil carbon. No significant interactions between F and H were found. The combination of F and H treatments acted additively to achieve the greatest loss of soil microbial biomass, which may possibly have negative implications for long-term soil fertility.
Treating Life Literally

This essay is a study of three texts written by the psychoanalyst Wulf Sachs. These texts hold an important lesson about the psychoanalytic turn in jurisprudence. Their attempt to extend psychoanalysis’s frontiers to fight the legalization of racism in pre-apartheid South Africa recoils upon itself, stripping self-evidence from the singular constellation of law, life, language, and sovereignty psychoanalysis derives from ancient and modern tragedy and formalizes into a discipline. Even as Sachs’s trilogy turns to psychoanalysis to critique the legalization of racism, it also points to the limits of psychoanalysis itself as a paradigm for the study of law.
Vacuum Ultraviolet Photon-stimulated Oxidation of Buried Ice: Graphite Grain Interfaces

The vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) synthesis of CO and CO2 on ice-coated graphite and isotopic labeled 13C graphite has been examined for temperatures between 40 and 120 K. The results show that CO and CO2 can be formed at the buried ice:graphite interface with Lyα photon irradiation via the reaction of radicals (O and OH) produced by direct photodissociation and the dissociative electron attachment of the interfacial water molecules. The synthesized CO and CO2 molecules can desorb in hot photon-dominated regions and are lost to space when ice coated carbonaceous dust grains cycle within the protoplanetary disks. Thus, the nonthermal formation of CO and CO2 at the buried ice:grain interface by VUV photons may help regulate the carbon inventory during the early stage of planet formation. This may contribute to the carbon deficits in our solar system and suggests that a universal carbon deficit gradient may be expected within astrophysical bodies surrounding center stars.
A precision torque balance for the measurement of small torques

THE development and testing of torque motors for precision gyroscopes require the accurate measurement of the small torques developed. These are stall torques, and are measured at various angular positions of the rotor with respect to the stator. The magnitude of these torques is generally less than 50,000 dyne-centimeters (dyne-cm).
Influence of age on the morphology and transit time of murine stratified squamous epithelia.

Abstract To determine whether stratified squamous epithelia from aged animals differ from those of young animals, specimens of skin from the pinna of the ear, the back and footpad and mucosa from the palate, cheek and ventral surface of the tongue were excised from 10 young (3–4 month-old) and 10 old (23–24 month-old) C57B1/6NNia mice and prepared for light microscopy. Tracings were prepared of the nucleated cell compartment and epithelial thickness, the number of nucleated cells/mm2 surface, the basement membrane: surface ratio, cell density and the number of basal cells/mm basement membrane were determined. To evaluate the epithelial labelling index and tissue renewal, a further group of young and old mice were injected with 1 μCi/g [3H]-thymidine and killed after 1 h or 2, 4, 5, 6 or 8 days and sections were prepared for autoradiography. Whereas the epidermis from the ear and footpad showed a statistically-significant increase in thickness, the epithelium from the palate was thinner in the old animals. The other tissues examined showed no change. Cell density decreased with age in the palate; cell size increased wiih age in the ear and footpad. No statistically-significant differences in labelling index or minimum transit time were observed between young and old animals in any of the tissues. Thus, there is no single age-associated change in epithelial structure or renewal common to all epithelia.
Rearing a Leaf Miner, Liriomyza munda

An agromyzid leaf miner, Liriomyza munda Frick, was reared in large numbers at Beltsville, Md., by a relatively simple method that proved to be equally effective with a population obtained in 1967 from the Campbell Institute for Agricultural Research, Davis, Calif., and with a population obtained in 1966 from F. P. Cuthbert of this Division at Charleston, S. C. The method used is reported here.
Updates in biliary endoscopy 2006.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is reserved primarily for therapeutic reasons. Recent literature continues to support therapeutic uses of the technique. This review addresses the literature in the field of biliary endoscopy for the year 2006 and is intended to assist gastroenterologists and gastrointestinal surgeons in everyday practice. RECENT FINDINGS Endoscopic management of choledocholithiasis in gallstone pancreatitis, a newer approach in the endoscopic management of malignant biliary strictures, the broadening therapeutic indications including the use of gallbladder stenting and the performance of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass are discussed. Safety of the technique continues to be addressed. The risks of pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography as well as morbidity in the elderly are addressed. SUMMARY Major updates in the management of biliary tract disease using biliary endoscopy are discussed over a broad range of biliary tract diseases. The literature emphasizes the broadening therapeutic role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography as well as improvements in our understanding of risk factors for complications and the potential for their prevention.
Clinical Interviewing With Trauma Victims Managing Interviewer Risk

During the past decade, research methodology in the area of child and adult violence has increasingly utilized a clinical interview methodology. Although this methodology promises a more reliable and clinically rich set of data, it also carries higher degree of risk of emotional distress to the interview participants. Thus far, most of the focus on risk has been directed toward the respondent or subject; however, this article describes differing aspects of risk for the interviewer and presents clinical examples. Approaches to minimizing and managing emotional distress on the part of the interviewer are presented, with an emphasis on recruitment of research personnel, initial and ongoing training, and structuring regular interviewer team meetings. It is proposed that the safety and emotional health of both the respondent and the interviewer should always take priority over data collection.
Water Reclamation and Unrestricted Nonpotable Reuse: A New Tool in Urban Water Management

Growing urbanization accompanying growing population is increasing the demand for water supply in communities throughout the world. Water resources for many cities are already proving inadequate. Additional water resources are inherently more costly and are often not available because other communities and/or land owners have the water rights. Although conservation, particularly through demand management, may delay the need for additional sources for a short period, the need is inevitable. One approach that has been found to provide substantial additional water for communities is the reclamation of wastewaters produced by the communities themselves for unrestricted nonpotable purposes, such as for landscape and market crop irrigation, industry, cooling towers, air conditioning, toilet flushing, construction, vehicle washing, and environmental enhancement. This is done by providing dual distribution systems. Nonpotable reuse is already widely practiced despite the fact that the reclaimed water distribution systems needed to be installed in existing communities. Inasmuch as additional water is needed for growing populations, the costs would be substantially reduced if the two systems were to be built at the same time in the newly developing areas. Reuse of reclaimed water for potable purposes may be feasible, but it imposes added public health risks that need to be accepted only as a last resort.
Marital Quality as a Function of Conservative Religious Identification in a Sample of Protestant and Catholic Wives from the Midwest

Chi and Houseknecht in 1985 reported a negative relationship between fundamentalism and marital adjustment when only one spouse was a fundamentalist and no relationship when both were fundamentalis...
Control Structure in Project-Based Asynchronous Collaborative Learning

Although project-based, collaborative learning (PBCL) activities have been established as effective learning experiences, they have been shown to be difficult to implement, especially in an asynchronous, distributed environment. Students and faculty alike have shown resistance to team-based exercises, citing numerous management concerns such as equitably distributing the work, assessing the performance of the individuals comprising the team, and resolving conflicts within the team. One major issue has been how to establish control within the team. Control structure refers to the manner in which responsibility for executing the tasks associated with the role is assigned. Control structure within a (PBCL) assignment can vary on a continuum from an entirely democratic model to an autocratic model. The goal of this study was to examine the impact of the type of control structure on team functioning by comparing both performance in and attitude toward PBCL in democratically and autocratically controlled teams
A RIFFLE STABILITY INDEX TO EVALUATE SEDIMENT LOADING TO STREAMS

ABSTRACT: Riffles in moderately entrenched stream reaches with gradients of 2 percent to 4 percent that have received excessive sediment from upstream have a distinctly different and higher proportion of smaller mobile particles than riffles in systems that are in dynamic equilibrium. The mobile fraction on the riffle can be estimated by comparing the relative abundance of various particle sizes present on the riffle with the dominant large particles on an adjacent bar. Riffle particles smaller than the dominant large particles on the bar are interpreted as mobile. The mobile percentile of particles on the riffle is termed “Riffle Stability Index” (RSI) and provides a useful estimate of the degree of increased sediment supply to riffles in mountain streams. The RSI addresses situations in which increases in gravel bedload from headwaters activities is depositing material on riffles and filling pools, and it reflects qualitative differences between reference and managed watersheds. The RSI correlates well with other measures of stream channel physical condition, such as V and the results of fish habitat surveys. Thus, it can be used as an indicator of stream reach and watershed condition and also of aquatic habitat quality.
Maternal hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection and neonatal neurological outcomes

To examine the associations between maternal hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infection status and selected infant neurological outcomes diagnosed at birth, we conducted a population-based, retrospective cohort study on singleton live births in Florida from 1998 to 2009. Primary exposures included maternal HBV and HCV monoinfection. The neurological outcomes included brachial plexus injury, cephalhematoma, foetal distress, feeding difficulties, intraventricular h aemorrhage and neonatal seizures. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to generate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) that were adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics, risky behaviours, pregnancy complications and pre-existing medical conditions, and timing of delivery. The risk of an adverse neurological outcome was higher in infants born to mothers with hepatitis viral infection (7.2% for HCV, 5.0% for HBV), compared with infants of hepatitis virus-free mothers (4.2%). After adjusting for potential confounders, women with HBV were twice as likely to have infants who suffered from brachial plexus injury (OR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.15-3.60), while those with HCV had an elevated odds of having an infant with feeding difficulties (OR: 1.32, 95% CI = 1.06-1.64) and a borderline increased likelihood for neonatal seizures (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 0.98-3.10). Additionally, HCV+ mothers had a 22% increased odds of having an infant with some type of adverse neurological outcome (OR: 1.22, 95% CI = 1.03-1.44). Our findings add to current understanding of the association between maternal HBV/HCV infections and infant neurological outcomes. Further research evaluating the role of maternal HBV and HCV infections (including viraemia, treatment) on pregnancy outcomes is warranted.
Terror, territoriality and the struggle for indigeneity and citizenship in northern Nigeria

The struggle of the minority ethnic groups against the majority Hausa-Fulani ethnic-amalgam in the north of Nigeria has persisted. As a result of the twentieth-century jihad and politico-cultural and economic factors, Fulani (Muslims) are found in many parts of the minority areas of the geographical north. Many of the minority ethnic groups often claim to be ‘indigenous’ to the areas and regard the Fulani – and Hausa – as ‘settlers’. The struggle for political, economic and social values and rights in these communities often produce violent clashes between these indigenous groups and the settler Hausa-Fulani. This paper uses the territorial claims and counter-claims over indigeneity in the Yelwa area between the Tarok/other ethnic (Christian) groups and the Fulani/other ethnic (Muslim) groups which degenerated into serial blood-letting in 2004 to interrogate the citizen-deficit in Nigeria, and the contradictions of reconciling indigenous rights with citizenship rights in a typical multi-ethnic postcolonia...
Distress risk premia in stock and bond returns

Prior studies find that shareholders’ strategic actions over debtholders are significant for stock prices but not for bond prices. I find that for firms with private and public debt, strategic default has no significant effect on distress risk premia in expected stock or bond returns, suggesting that the dispersion of bondholders greatly weakens the shareholder advantage effect. The shareholder advantage effect on stock prices is only significant for firms with only private debt and, to some degree, affected by the dispersion of stockholders and complexity in capital structure. Overall, renegotiation friction helps explain the cross-sectional implications of strategic default for stock and bond prices.
Safety first: protecting the heart, then the head.

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) have become standard therapy for life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. The clinical research on mortality outcomes has been compelling.1,2 Successful secondary prevention strategies have been augmented with data in support of primary prevention implantation, and ICD prevalence has risen accordingly. With more devices in place and a broader range of patients receiving devices, interest in the neuropsychiatric consequences of devices and quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes of ICD recipients has grown. Article see p 170 Although the causes and mitigating factors associated with neuropsychiatric disorders in patients with ICDs are complex, there are 2 primary, nonconflicting hypotheses that can clarify and simplify the discussion. One hypothesis suggests that the presence of the device itself may have a long-term impact on patients. The implication of life-threatening disease, the experience of shocks (both appropriate and inappropriate), the risk of device failure or manufacturer’s recall, and other psychological concerns may change mood and QoL. The second hypothesis is that episodes of cardiac fibrillation and low output with insufficient cerebral perfusion may have cognitive and psychiatric consequences. These episodes occur at discrete times: during clinical presentation and evaluation, during implantation, and with subsequent appropriate shocks. The first hypothesis implies that the patient’s underlying medical condition and experience with their device, along with their awareness of its indications and consequences, has an impact on neuropsychiatric outcomes. Early work suggested that there was deterioration in QoL that …
Catalytic site identification—a web server to identify catalytic site structural matches throughout PDB

The catalytic site identification web server provides the innovative capability to find structural matches to a user-specified catalytic site among all Protein Data Bank proteins rapidly (in less than a minute). The server also can examine a user-specified protein structure or model to identify structural matches to a library of catalytic sites. Finally, the server provides a database of pre-calculated matches between all Protein Data Bank proteins and the library of catalytic sites. The database has been used to derive a set of hypothesized novel enzymatic function annotations. In all cases, matches and putative binding sites (protein structure and surfaces) can be visualized interactively online. The website can be accessed at http://catsid.llnl. gov.
Satellite telemetry reveals long-distance migration in the Asian great bustard Otis tarda dybowskii

The range of the great bustard stretches 10 000 km across Eurasia, one of the largest ranges of any threatened species. While movement patterns of the western subspecies of great bustard are relatively well-understood, this is the first research to monitor the movements of the more endangered Asian subspecies of great bustard through telemetry and to link a breeding population of Asian great bustards to their wintering grounds. Using Argos/GPS platform transmitter terminals, we identified the annual movement patterns of three female great bustards captured at their breeding sites in northern Mongolia. The 4000 km round-trip migration we have recorded terminated at wintering grounds in Shaanxi, China. This route is twice as long as has previously been reported for great bustards, which are among the heaviest flying birds. The journey was accomplished in approximately two months each way, at ground velocities of 48–98 km h21, and incorporated multiple and variable stopover sites. On their wintering grounds these birds moved itinerantly across relatively large home ranges. Our findings confirm that migratory behavior in this species varies longitudinally. This variation may be attributable to longitudinal gradients in seasonality and severity of winter across Eurasia. The distance and duration of the migratory route taken by great bustards breeding in Mongolia, the crossing of an international border, the incorporation of many stopovers, and the use of a large wintering territory present challenges to the conservation of the Asian subspecies of great bustard in this rapidly changing part of the world.
Hall-Petch and Multiple Linear Regression Equations for the Prediction of Mechanical Properties in Gamma-Based Titanium Aluminides

In a recent paper, Mercer and Soboyejo demonstrated the Hall-Petch dependence of basic room- and elevated-temperature (815 C) mechanical properties (0.2% offset strength, ultimate tensile strength, plastic elongation to failure and fracture toughness) on the average equiaxed/lamellar grain size. Simple Hall-Petch behavior was shown to occur in a wide range of extruded duplex {alpha}{sub 2}+{gamma} alloys (Ti-48Al, Ti-48Al-1.4Mn Ti-48Al-2Mn and Ti-48Al-1.5Cr). As in steels and other materials, simple Hall-Petch equations were derived for the above properties. However, the Hall-Petch equations did not include the effect of other variables that can affect the basic mechanical properties of gamma alloys. Multiple linear regression equations for the prediction of the combined effects of several (alloying, microstructure and temperature) variables on basic mechanical properties temperature are presented in this paper.
Pathologic Features of Naturally Occurring Juvenile Polyarteritis in Beagle Dogs

Eighteen young Beagle dogs (eight males and 10 females), ages 6-40 months, with canine juvenile polyarteritis syndrome (CJPS), a naturally occurring vasculitis and perivasculitis of unknown etiology, were necropsied, and their tissues were examined by histopathologic and histochemical methods. The condition is characterized by recurring episodes of an acute onset of fever (> 40 C) and neck pain that persist for 3-7 days. The major histopathologic alterations were a systemic vasculitis and perivasculitis. During the febrile, painful period of CJPS, the vascular lesions ranged from a histiocytic-lymphocytic periarterial infiltration to transmural arterial inflammation with concomitant fibrinoid necrosis and vascular thrombosis. Massive periarterial accumulations of inflammatory cells were common and often extended into adjacent tissues. The small- to medium-sized muscular arteries of the heart, cranial mediastinum, and cervical spinal meninges were consistently involved. Vasculitis occasionally occurred in other organ systems. The vascular lesions in dogs examined during clinically normal periods consisted of intimal and medial fibrosis, ruptured elastic laminae, and mild perivasculitis; these lesions were probably related to previous episodes of vasculitis. Eight dogs that had experienced repeated acute episodes also developed splenic, hepatic, and renal amyloidosis. The clinical signs, laboratory abnormalities, and the vascular lesions suggest that the condition may be immune-system mediated. CJPS may serve as a naturally occurring animal model of human immune-system-mediated vasculitides such as polyarteritis nodosa, infantile polyarteritis, and Kawasaki disease.
Hardware and software development and integration in an FPGA embedded processor based control system module for the ALS

The emergence of field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) with embedded processors and significant progress in their development tools have contributed to the realization of system-on-a-chip networked front-end systems [1]. Embedded processors are capable of running full-fledged real-time operating systems (RTOSs) and serving channels via Ethernet while high speed hardware functions, such as digital signal processing and high performance interfaces, run simultaneously in the FPGA logic [2]. Despite significant advantages of the system-on-a-chip implementation, engineers have shied away from designing such systems due to the perceived daunting task of integrating software to run a RTOS with custom hardware. However, advances in embedded development tools considerably reduce the effort required for software/hardware integration. This paper will describe the implementation and integration of software and hardware in an FPGA embedded processor system as illustrated by the design of a new control system module for the advanced light source (ALS) at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (LBNL).
Growing through attachment: The interplay of attachment and exploration in adulthood

In this paper we discuss the advancement of theory and research regarding relationship influences on exploration in adulthood. First, we describe and extend attachment theory’s concept of a secure base and discuss the need for continued theoretical development in this area. Second, we describe an innovative program of research (involving the use of a variety of research methods) that tests some of these theoretical extensions in the context of adult close relationships. In doing so, we show that attachment relationships are important contributors to exploration and growth in adulthood and across the lifespan. Third, we discuss directions for future work and implications of the idea that individuals of all ages grow through attachment.
Using IT to Open Previously Unprofitable Markets

It is now widely accepted that Information Technology can make firms more efficient and has created a host of new markets. Yet IT could also open up previously unprofitable markets. In this paper, we look at this phenomenon. We begin with a traditional economic production model and identify when firms will not enter a market. Specifically, we focus on the problem of high fixed costs and limited market size. Then we introduce technology into the model to identify cases where IT could make it profitable to enter the market. Although IT doesnt always translate into potential profitability, we find that IT may help firms enter previously unprofitable markets when compared to non-IT enabled firms.
Cellular, Biochemical, and Molecular Analysis of Maturation Related Characteristics in Hedera Helix

Regulation of maturation-related root initiation potential and anthocyanin accumulation in Hedera helix are discussed. Evidence is presented for regulation of these characteristics at the level of gene expression. In the case of anthocyanin, m-RNA for the enzyme dihydroquercetin-4-reductase accumulates in juvenile leaf discs during sucrose induced anthocyanin accumulation, but not in sucrose-treated mature leaf discs that do not accumulate anthocyanin. These results suggests that regulation of gene expression for this maturation-related enzyme is at the transcriptional level. A wound inducible cDNA clone is a highly expressed in mature but not juvenile petioles and may be related to maturation-related reduced rootability.
Princess Picture Books: Content and Messages

ABSTRACTBecause many girls develop their understanding of what it means to be a girl from books about princesses, the researchers coded the messages and content in 58 princess books (picture, fairy tales, and fractured fairy tales). Results indicate that gender stereotypes are present in the books—the princesses were more likely to be nurturing, in distress, naive, and homemakers than the princes. Most princesses were valued for their beauty, gave up their lives for the princes, and did not gain status from the intimate relationships, which progressed quickly without an initial friendship. All books had prosocial content and had negative content. Although few books were generally positive, educational, appropriate for the intended audience, or realistic in problem resolution, books with a child princess received higher overall evaluations and lower negative content scores. The Disney books were not worse than the other books that included nonchild princess characters; however, they were more problematic b...
The Class Interview: student engagement in courses covering sensitive topics

Given the range of sensitive topics covered in many psychology courses, building community among students may encourage participation and impact student learning. This study investigated student responses to an interview activity used within several diversity courses in psychology. During the class interview, the instructor gathered information about students' backgrounds, concerns, and fears associated with the course, and their needs for successful learning. The second phase of the interview gave students the opportunity to interview the instructor. In a post-activity survey, students (N = 131) reported their approval of the exercise with recommendations that faculty use it in more courses. Participants also indicated that the interview process encouraged student participation in class discussions, created a more comfortable classroom environment, and clarified course expectations. Several students specifically credited the interview exercise with promoting ‘collaboration with peers’ and creating a ‘sen...
High- and Mid-Valent Tantalum and Mono(peralkylcyclopentadienyl)tantalum Complexes of the Bicyclic Guanidinate Hexahydropyrimidopyrimidinate

Ta(hpp)Cl4, Ta(hpp)2Cl3, and (η-C5Me4R)Ta(hpp)Cl3 (R = Me, Et; hpp = anion of 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-pyrimido[1,2-a]pyrimidine, hppH) are readily formed in good to excellent yields by addition of (hpp)SiMe3 to TaCl5, Ta(hpp)Cl4, or (η-C5Me4R)TaCl4, respectively, in dichloromethane. Ta(hpp)Cl4 in solution exhibits three CH2 multiplets in the proton NMR spectrum, consistent with a mirror plane that bisects the hpp ligand. The six-coordinate, yellow Ta(hpp)Cl4 possesses a distorted octahedral solid-state structure with chelating hpp and Ta–N distances of 2.038(1) and 2.059(1) A. Ta(hpp)2Cl3 is fluxional in solution by proton NMR spectroscopy, with three CH2 multiplets at room temperature that split into additional multiplets at −50 °C, consistent with the six multiplets expected from the solid-state structure. In the solid state, bright yellow Ta(hpp)2Cl3 has an approximately pentagonal bipyramidal structure with both hpp chelates coordinated in the pentagonal plane. Ta–N distances are 2.114(3) and 2.110(3...
Powder-Extrusion of Rapidly-Solidified Aluminum Alloy Powder and The Applications

P/M aluminium alloy made from incorporating the rapidly-solidified aluminium alloy powders and hot working, for example, extrusion or forging, possesses excellent properties such as low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent wear resistance, and high strength. Therefore, in Japan, the technologies on powder-extrusion and powderforging of aluminium alloy powders are developed for ten years, and applied to many components, such as rotors and vanes of compressors for car air conditioners, orbital scrolls of compressors for room air conditioners, cylinder liners of motor cycle engines, and so on. In this report, the applications such as rotors and vanes are presented, and the industrial technologies on near-net-shape extrusion with good dimensional accuracy and without cracks or defects are described. Moreover, cylinder liners made of particle-dispersed composites with fine alumina and graphite, which are recently manufactured in mass production, are in detail mentioned.
The effect of laser machined pockets on the lubrication of piston ring prototypes

Abstract Surface texturing has emerged as a promising method to reduce friction loss at the piston ring/cylinder liner contact. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential for a new design of lasered oil pockets to improve the lubrication of piston rings. These pockets are fabricated at the inlet and outlet of a piston ring and can work as tiny step bearings to generate hydrodynamic lift. A series of bench tests are conducted to investigate the frictional performance of flat piston ring prototype (PRP) with various pockets. The results show that the pocket area ratio (AR) and depth have a major influence on the tribological behavior and significant friction reduction can be achieved by using pockets with appropriate geometric parameters (AR=25%, depth=5 μm). In addition, a preliminary theoretical model that implements the mass-conservative cavitation algorithm was used to analyze the influence of pocket geometric parameters on the PRP lubrication. The simulation results showed good agreement with the trends observed in the experiments.
Diagnosis for Vibration Trouble Caused by Contacting in 300MW Steam Turbine Tip

The vibration climbed slowly with speed of 2100r/min during warming up while a unit began to(debug) in the first period of construction,but the unit had to be tripped when the vibration gone up rapidly after 15(minutes).By testing and analyzing,it was confirmed that the vibration was caused by the rubbing of movable sealed oil blocking.After sealed oil blocking was removed later,the vibration trouble was completely(disappeared),the unit was coming to operation smoothly when restarted again.
Association Between Infertility and Sexual Dysfunction in Men and Women.

Abstract Introduction The relation between infertility and sexual dysfunction can be reciprocal. Causes of sexual dysfunction that affect fertility include erectile dysfunction, Peyronie's disease (abnormal penile curvature), low libido, ejaculatory disorders in men, and genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder (GPPPD) and low sexual desire in women. Aim To review the association between infertility and sexual dysfunction and discuss current management strategies to address sexual disorders in couples with infertility. Methods Peer-reviewed publications from PubMed published from 1980 through February 2016 were identified that related to sexual dysfunction and infertility in men and women. Main Outcome Measures Pathophysiology and management approach of erectile dysfunction, Peyronie's disease, low libido, ejaculatory disorders in men, and GPPPD and low sexual desire in women and how each etiology contributes to sexual dysfunction and infertility in the couple. Results Treating the infertile couple with sexual dysfunction involves addressing underlying conditions such as psychogenic erectile dysfunction, low testosterone, Peyronie's disease in men, and GPPPD and low sexual desire in women. Psychogenic erectile dysfunction can be successfully treated with phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Low testosterone is often identified in men with infertility, but testosterone therapy is contraindicated in men attempting conception. Men with Peyronie's disease have a new treatment option to address their penile curvature—collagenase Clostridium histolyticum injection directly into the penile plaque. GPPPD is a broad disorder that includes vulvodynia and vaginismus and can be treated with topical lubricants and moisturizers. We must address psychosocial factors in women with low sexual desire. Flibanserin and transdermal testosterone (off-label) are novel therapies for women with low sexual desire. Conclusion Sexual dysfunction in a couple with infertility is a complex issue. Management of infertility and sexual dysfunction should involve appropriate medical therapy and addressing the psychosocial concerns of the couple.
Pyruvate kinase Greensboro. A four-generation study of a high K0.5s (phosphoenolpyruvate) variant [published erratum appears in Blood 1988 Dec;72(6):2082]

The proband with lifelong hemolytic anemia has a high K0.5s phosphoenolypyruvate (PEP) erythrocyte pyruvate kinase (PK) variant substantially but incompletely normalized by the allosteric modifier fructose-1,6-diphosphate (F-1,6-P2) with conversion of sigmoidal to hyperbolic kinetics. Heterozygotes in four generations express qualitatively identical but less severely abnormal kinetics and lack overt hemolysis. Kinetic abnormalities are closely mimicked by sulfhydryl modification of normal PK. Three distinct clinical and metabolic phenotypes characterize the proband and two sisters: variant PK and hemolytic anemia, variant PK without clinical manifestations or hemolysis, and complete normality. Their mother, whose red cell PK is entirely normal except for a questionably slightly low Vmax, is postulated to express the gene products of nonidentical alleles, one encoding a product with mildly less favorable catalytic characteristics. At low PEP concentrations, the proband and heterozygotes for the PK mutant express only a very small fraction of normal PK activity despite apparent inheritance of one normal allele in the latter. Evidence suggests that disproportionately lowered PK activity may be a property of a heterotetrameric PK. Illusory abnormalities in nucleotide specificity are artifacts of diminished substrate affinity characterizing the mutant PK.
Transit Signal Priority Experiment in a Connected Vehicle Technology Environment

AbstractConnected vehicle (CV) technology allows developing next-generation transit signal priority (TSP) that is based on cooperation between signals (change signal timing) and buses (alter speed)...
Toward an assessment of the US Small Business Innovation Research Program at the National Institutes of Health

The Small Business Innovation Development Act of 1982, which established the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program, is arguably the hallmark policy initiative in USA to support technology development and commercialization in small firms. While scholars have studied this program in detail, there has yet to be a systematic assessment of how well it is meeting its legislated goals of stimulating technological innovation and increasing private sector commercialization. We use a unique set of data on projects funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) SBIR program to assess the extent to which these program goals are being met. We find that, relative to a counterfactual control group, NIH can be characterized as supporting, on average, the development of high commercialization risk technologies, and we suggest that this finding aligns with the goals of the SBIR program and may in fact be for the common weal.
Cryptanalysis of a key exchange protocol based on the ring $$E_p^{(m)}$$

An extension of Bergman’s ring (Israel J Math 18:257–277, 1974) was introduced by Climent et al. (Appl Algebra Eng Commun Comput 23:347–361, 2014). For this ring called \(E_p^{(m)}\), they established that only a negligible fraction of elements are invertible, and then proposed a key exchange protocol based on this property. Shortly afterwards, they constructed another key agreement protocol for multicast over this ring (WIT Trans Inf Commun Technol 45:13–24, 2013). In this paper, we introduce a polynomial-time attack to these two protocols without using invertible elements.
Differences in neural crest sensitivity to ethanol account for the infrequency of anterior segment defects in the eye compared with craniofacial anomalies in a zebrafish model of fetal alcohol syndrome

Background Ethanol (ETOH) exposure during pregnancy is associated with craniofacial and neurologic abnormalities, but infrequently disrupts the anterior segment of the eye. In these studies, we used zebrafish to investigate differences in the teratogenic effect of ETOH on craniofacial, periocular, and ocular neural crest. Methods Zebrafish eye and neural crest development was analyzed by means of live imaging, TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling) assay, immunostaining, detection of reactive oxygen species, and in situ hybridization. Results Our studies demonstrated that foxd3-positive neural crest cells in the periocular mesenchyme and developing eye were less sensitive to ETOH than sox10-positive craniofacial neural crest cells that form the pharyngeal arches and jaw. ETOH increased apoptosis in the retina, but did not affect survival of periocular and ocular neural crest cells. ETOH also did not increase reactive oxygen species within the eye. In contrast, ETOH increased ventral neural crest apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production in the facial mesenchyme. In the eye and craniofacial region, sod2 showed high levels of expression in the anterior segment and in the setting of Sod2 knockdown, low levels of ETOH decreased migration of foxd3-positive neural crest cells into the developing eye. However, ETOH had minimal effect on the periocular and ocular expression of transcription factors (pitx2 and foxc1) that regulate anterior segment development. Conclusion Neural crest cells contributing to the anterior segment of the eye exhibit increased ability to withstand ETOH-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. These studies explain the rarity of anterior segment dysgenesis despite the frequent craniofacial abnormalities in fetal alcohol syndrome. Birth Defects Research, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.