cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
SPARQLent: A SPARQL Based Intelligent Agent Performing Service Matchmaking

This chapter describes the experimental results of SPARQLent, a SPARQL-based intelligent agent that performs exact and approximate service matchmaking. We give an introduction describing (1) how SPARQL can be used as expression language to describe the preconditions/effects of services, as well as the goals of agents, and (2) how SPARQL query evaluation supports computation of effects, and checking of preconditions/goal satisfiability. We describe experimental results in a real world application where our approach has been used to automate the selection of assistance services for citizens. We also present a comparative evaluation based on the standard test collection OWLS-TC. Finally, we conclude with some lessons learned, and some suggestions for future work.
Ultrasound-guided “short” midline catheters for difficult venous access in the emergency department: a retrospective analysis

Acutely ill patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) constantly require at least one fast and reliable peripheral intravenous (PIV) access. In many conditions (morbid obesity, underweight state, chronic diseases, intravenous drug abuse, adverse local conditions, etc.), PIV placement may be challenging. Ultrasound guidance is a useful tool for obtaining a peripheral intravenous access in the emergency department, particularly when superficial veins are difficult to identify by palpation and direct visualization, though standard peripheral intravenous cannulas are not ideal for this technique of insertion and may have limited duration. Long polyurethane catheters inserted with ultrasound guidance and direct Seldinger technique appear to have several advantages over short cannulas in terms of success of insertion and of duration. A retrospective analysis was conducted on all the ultrasound-guided peripheral venous accesses obtained by insertion of long polyurethane catheters in patients admitted to the emergency department of our university hospital during 1 year. The main indication to the procedure was the urgent need of a peripheral venous access in patients with superficial veins difficult to palpate and/or visualize. All relevant data concerning the insertion and the maintenance of these peripheral lines were collected from the chart. Seventy-six patients were included in this review. The success rate of insertion was 100 %, with an average of 1.57 punctures per each successful cannulation. The mean time needed for the complete procedure was 9.5 min. In 73 % of patients, the catheter was used for more than 1 week; a minority of catheters were removed prematurely for end of use. No major infective or thrombotic complication was reported. In our experience, 8- to 10-cm-long polyurethane catheters may offer a fast and reliable peripheral venous access in the emergency department, if placed by ultrasound guidance and with the Seldinger technique. Further studies with prospective, randomized, and controlled design are warranted to confirm our results.
Experimental constraints on mantle sulfide melting up to 8 GPa

We present high-pressure experiments up to 8 GPa that constrain the solidus and liquidus of a composition, Fe 0.69 Ni 0.23 Cu 0.01 S 1.00 , typical of upper mantle sulfide. Solidus and liquidus brackets of this monosulfide are parameterized according to a relation similar to the Simon-Glatzel equation, yielding, respectively, T (°C) = 1015.1 [ P (GPa)/1.88 + 1] 0.206 and T (°C) = 1067.3 [ P (GPa)/1.19 + 1] 0.149 (1 ≤ P ≤ 8). The solidus fit is accurate within ±15 °C over the pressure intervals 1–3.5 GPa and within ±30 °C over the pressure intervals 3.5–8.0 GPa. The solidus of the material examined is cooler than the geotherm for convecting mantle, but hotter than typical continental geotherms, suggesting that sulfide is molten or partially molten through much of the convecting upper mantle, but potentially solid in the continental mantle. However, the material examined is one of the more refractory among the spectrum of natural mantle sulfide compositions. This, together with the solidus-lowering effects of O and C not constrained by the present experiments, indicates that the experimentally derived melting curves are upper bounds on sulfide melting in the Earth’s upper mantle and that the regions where sulfide is molten are likely extensive in both the convecting upper mantle and, potentially, the deeper parts of the oceanic and continental lithosphere, including common source regions of many diamonds.
Double-layer solder for tissue welding

Two solder films were pressed utilizing a parallel plate vice to form a single double-layer (DL) film. One solder layer (white layer) contained 72% ± 2% Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and distilled water (by weight).
Online detection of steady-state operation using a multiple-change-point model and exact Bayesian inference

ABSTRACTThe detection of steady-state operation is critical in system/process performance assessment, optimization, fault detection, and process automation and control. In this article, we propose a new robust and computationally efficient online steady-state detection method using multiple change-point models and exact Bayesian inference. An average run length approximation is derived that can provide insight and guidance in the application of the proposed algorithm. An extensive numerical analysis shows that the proposed method is much more accurate and robust than currently available methods.
ED-06BRAINSTEM GLIOMAS IN ADULTS: DO ADULT DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMAS EXIST?

BACKGROUND: The majority of brainstem tumors in children are diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG), and are diagnosed in middle childhood. Recent data suggests DIPG is a disease of development. Relatively little information is available for adult brainstem gliomas (BSG). We reviewed clinical and radiographic information from adults with BSG referred to our institution. METHODS: Patients were enrolled on IRB-approved protocols. Clinical data was obtained from patient charts and electronic records. Radiographic data was reviewed on a Picture Archiving and Communications System (PACS) and assessed for primary tumor location, enhancement, intensity on T1, invasion of surrounding anatomical structures, and presence of CNS disease outside of the brainstem. RESULTS: 18 patients diagnosed with BSG were identified; diagnostic MRI was available for review on 15. M:F was 16:2; median age 29.5 (range 16-71) years at diagnosis. Presenting symptoms included long tract signs (61%), diplopia (50%), other visual changes (22%), imbalance (44%), headache (33%) and nausea/vomiting (33%). Primary tumor location varied: 27% were located in the pons only, 33% in pons with extension to medulla, 13% in pons with extension to midbrain, and 20% in pons with extension to midbrain and medulla. 80% showed contrast enhancement, with the majority (58%) of these enhanced diffusely. Other radiographic findings included encasement of the basilar artery (20%) and evidence of CNS disease outside of the brainstem (20%) at diagnosis (cerebellum and parietal lobe). The majority (88%) received radiation treatment; 56% received concurrent chemotherapy and 44% received adjuvant chemotherapy. Median time to first progression (defined radiographically and clinically) was 22 months (range 3-192 months). CONCLUSIONS: Although adults with brainstem tumors involving the pons have similar presentation as children with DIPG, imaging findings and clinical outcome differ significantly. Investigation into the biology of the adult lesions, including H3.3 mutations, may help define these as more distinct entities.
A fish way out of water: case report of a unique airway foreign body.

Background:Since the time of Chevalier Jackson, innumerable unique foreign bodies have been documented and removed. Advances in endoscopic airway management have revolutionized the types of foreign...
Policy popularity: The Arizona immigration law

As a maker of policy, a president or a governor invites public approval or disapproval for policy decisions. Public reaction is likely to occur for issues of great salience and clear candidate positions. We focus on immigration policy. Illegal immigration has become a hot issue in recent years, especially in Arizona. The state's governor took a clear stance in 2010 by signing a law that gives police sweeping powers to deal with illegal immigration (Arizona SB 1070). Using an aggregate time-series model, we find that this action affected gubernatorial approval ratings. Indeed the gain in approval proved enduring enough to turn a losing race for re-election into a victory for Governor Brewer. Using individual-level survey data, we find that presidential approval also was affected by reactions to the Arizona Law among residents of the state. When elected officials take clear stances on a salient issue - Governor Brewer for, President Obama against the law-policy moves approval.
Database Performance Monitoring for the Photovoltaic Systems

The Database Performance Monitoring (DPM) software (copyright in processes) is being developed at Sandia National Laboratories to perform quality control analysis on time series data. The software loads time indexed databases (currently csv format), performs a series of quality control tests defined by the user, and creates reports which include summary statistics, tables, and graphics. DPM can be setup to run on an automated schedule defined by the user. For example, the software can be run once per day to analyze data collected on the previous day. HTML formatted reports can be sent via email or hosted on a website. To compare performance of several databases, summary statistics and graphics can be gathered in a dashboard view which links to detailed reporting information for each database. The software can be customized for specific applications.
Bruce Banner Can Be an Asshole

In primary school, when we first begin to write creatively and make up stories of our own, one of the rules authority figures often impress upon us is not to copy or imitate too closely what others have created before us. Mimesis as a teaching technique was not in vogue. Whether it’s fixing holes in a plot from a book or television show or inserting ourselves as a bright-eyed “Mary Sue” or “Marty Sam” among the characters we love in a movie franchise, young writers who “borrow too much” are usually discouraged by writing teachers, scoffed at by snobby peers, or are told by the academy to avoid using what is “not yours” or face academic discipline for plagiarizing or maybe even a cease and desist order from an author.
Fracking and environmental protection: An analysis of U.S. state policies

Abstract This paper examines the correlates of state policies designed to mitigate prospective environmental impacts associated with U.S. oil and gas drilling (fracking operations). I found that policy decisions are especially influenced by political factors such as the partisan orientations of the statewide electorate and the ideological makeup of state voters as well as economic resource variables such as the generation of revenue from severance taxes. Less important in accounting for variation in state fracking policies are socioeconomic characteristics such as median educational attainment and per capita income and general indicators of a state's prior receptivity to the enactment of environmental programs.
Designing efficient nitrous oxide sampling strategies in agroecosystems using simulation models

Abstract Annual cumulative soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions calculated from discrete chamber-based flux measurements have unknown uncertainty. We used outputs from simulations obtained with an agroecosystem model to design sampling strategies that yield accurate cumulative N2O flux estimates with a known uncertainty level. Daily soil N2O fluxes were simulated for Ames, IA (corn-soybean rotation), College Station, TX (corn-vetch rotation), Fort Collins, CO (irrigated corn), and Pullman, WA (winter wheat), representing diverse agro-ecoregions of the United States. Fertilization source, rate, and timing were site-specific. These simulated fluxes surrogated daily measurements in the analysis. We “sampled” the fluxes using a fixed interval (1–32 days) or a rule-based (decision tree-based) sampling method. Two types of decision trees were built: a high-input tree (HI) that included soil inorganic nitrogen (SIN) as a predictor variable, and a low-input tree (LI) that excluded SIN. Other predictor variables were identified with Random Forest. The decision trees were inverted to be used as rules for sampling a representative number of members from each terminal node. The uncertainty of the annual N2O flux estimation increased along with the fixed interval length. A 4- and 8-day fixed sampling interval was required at College Station and Ames, respectively, to yield ±20% accuracy in the flux estimate; a 12-day interval rendered the same accuracy at Fort Collins and Pullman. Both the HI and the LI rule-based methods provided the same accuracy as that of fixed interval method with up to a 60% reduction in sampling events, particularly at locations with greater temporal flux variability. For instance, at Ames, the HI rule-based and the fixed interval methods required 16 and 91 sampling events, respectively, to achieve the same absolute bias of 0.2 kg N ha−1 yr−1 in estimating cumulative N2O flux. These results suggest that using simulation models along with decision trees can reduce the cost and improve the accuracy of the estimations of cumulative N2O fluxes using the discrete chamber-based method.
V for Voice: Strategies for Bolstering Communication Skills in Statistics

ABSTRACTWith the ease and automation of data collection and plummeting storage costs, organizations are faced with massive amounts of data that present two pressing challenges: technical analysis of the data themselves and communication of the analytics process and its products. Although a plethora of academic and practitioner literature have focused on the former call, the latter challenge has received less attention. Here, we present strategies that we have found effective for bolstering communication skills of both undergraduate students and masters candidates at a business school. These approaches are based on the case studies that provide ample opportunity for oral communication among students with strong backgrounds in mathematics and introductory statistics, and solid training in written communication among student populations with less homogeneous preparation. We provide detailed discussions motivated by concrete examples executed across three courses.
Femtosecond optical response of MgB2 superconducting thin films

The recent discovery of superconductivity at 39 K in magnesium diboride, MgB2, [1] stimulated extensive research of this material's physical properties and future applications in superconducting electronics and optoelectronics. We report here our studies on optical photoresponse of superconducting MgB2 thin films using the femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy [2,3]. In pump-probe experiments, the output of an ultrafast laser is divided into two beams. One beam is used to excite the sample. Since the pulse duration is only -100 fs, it acts as a delta-function-type excitation. The second beam probes the changes induced by the excitation, usually either as the relative change of reflectivity or transmissivity by as a function of the relative time delay to the pump beam. The probe beam is much weaker than the pump beam to ensure that the changes in the material are induced only by the pump beam. With femtosecond spectroscopy, we are able to study the dynamics of electrons and the electron-phonon interaction with subpicosecond resolution. In our experiments, a commercial Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser with 76 MHz repetition rate is used to generate 100-fs-wide, 800-nm-wavelength optical pulses.
Helicons in uniform fields. I. Wave diagnostics with hodograms

The wave equation for whistler waves is well known and has been solved in Cartesian and cylindrical coordinates, yielding plane waves and cylindrical waves. In space plasmas, waves are usually assumed to be plane waves; in small laboratory plasmas, they are often assumed to be cylindrical “helicon” eigenmodes. Experimental observations fall in between both models. Real waves are usually bounded and may rotate like helicons. Such helicons are studied experimentally in a large laboratory plasma which is essentially a uniform, unbounded plasma. The waves are excited by loop antennas whose properties determine the field rotation and transverse dimensions. Both m = 0 and m = 1 helicon modes are produced and analyzed by measuring the wave magnetic field in three dimensional space and time. From Ampere's law and Ohm's law, the current density and electric field vectors are obtained. Hodograms for these vectors are produced. The sign ambiguity of the hodogram normal with respect to the direction of wave propagati...
Improving Student Attitudes Toward Psychiatry: The Role of the Clerkship

To assess whether a positive clerkship experience can improve medical students’ views of psychiatry, 109 third-year students were administered an Attitude toward Psychiatry Questionnaire on the first and last days of the clerkship. A Clerkship Evaluation Questionnaire was also administered after the rotation. Analyses indicated that students who reported a positive experience showed favorable attitudinal change, and that this improvement was attributable almost entirely to the opportunity to perform clinical service with a psychiatrist in an apprentice relationship. The results suggest that psychiatrists need to do more direct modeling of professional behavior.
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda: A Metabolic Human Blistering Disease

Porphyria cutanea tarda is the result of an inborn error or an acquired defect in the metabolism of porphyria. Clear understanding of the abnormalities seen in this disease requires some familiarity with the normal process of heme synthesis. This is reviewed briefly and is followed by a discussion of the cause, pathogenesis, clinical and laboratory features, and treatment of the disease.
The role of IT policies in the CS/IS curricula

A firm's IT, Information Technology, policies provide guidance for legal and ethical decisions related to the use of information stored in computer systems. IT policies will impact our graduates, so we need to make a proactive effort to assure that any CS/IS curriculum will prepare our students to meet the standards of professionalism and competency demanded by these policies. We give examples of some IT policies suitable to use in a general education CIS course, the business MIS course, and in several typical courses found in a CS or IS curriculum.
Will Illinois Hold a Constitutional Convention

This paper describes the importance of the November 4, 2008, referendum on whether to call an Illinois Constitutional Convention; summarizes the history of Illinois constitutional revision; analyzes the forces operating for and against constitutional change in Illinois and the principal issues regarding the Illinois Constitution; and places the Illinois experience within the broader field of state constitutions and state government.
Multivariable Robust Control of a Power Plant Drum Level

A three element PID controller is currently widely used to control the drum level of power plants. The authors’ experience with this compensation technique showed the existence of large overshoot in the system response and the difficulties in tuning the PID parameters. Any attempts to reduce the overshoot leads to unacceptable slow response.
8.11 – Sedimentary Diagenesis, Depositional Environments, and Benthic Fluxes

Sediment diagenesis is a critical component of the global sedimentary rock cycle. Sedimentary deposits behave as open systems, and sediment–water exchange has major influences on biogeochemical processes in the ocean and on elemental balances in seawater. Diagenetic transport–reaction conditions, sediment–water fluxes, and the eventual storage of material are determined by properties of the depositional environment, including water column oxygenation, particle size distributions, bulk geotechnical properties, sedimentation rates, sedimentary transport dynamics, and benthic biological communities. Reactions associated with thermodynamically unstable biogenic debris dominate early diagenetic processes. These include redox reactions coupled to organic matter decomposition and preservation, carbonate dissolution, opaline silica dissolution and alteration, and authigenic mineral formation (carbonates, sulfides, and silicates). This chapter reviews diagenetic processes and is patterned after the earlier contribution by Emerson and Hedges in the first edition of the Treatise, which stands on its own. It has been extended in some alternative directions, however, as it places greater emphasis on deltaic and shallow water depositional systems and unsteady diagenesis, and it incorporates more recent data obtained through technical advances, such as planar optodes and eddy correlation. It does this in part at the expense of more detailed coverage of deep-sea processes and organic geochemistry.
IP and Ethnography: A Qualitative Research Approach

This short chapter describes the processes of and justifications for qualitative empirical research in intellectual property as compared to other research methods, such as quantitative empirical approaches and theoretical economic analyses of law. It provides examples of these research methods, explains the reasons for pursuing a qualitative approach, and details a qualitative research agenda in the context of intellectual property law, as well as a step-by-step method of data collection and data analysis.
Weight Control and Exercise

Obesity in the United States can truly be called a national epidemic. The associated health risks and diseases present a tremendous drain to the economy. The most effective program to lose and maintain a desirable body weight incorporates a combination of restriction in caloric intake with an increase in caloric expenditure through exercise. A gradual approach of losing 1 or 2 pounds per week has proved to be the most effective. Men should strive to maintain approximately 15% body fat and women 25% body fat. Weight-reduction programs that demonstrate phenomenal weight loss in a short period will not work over the long term and may represent a significant health risk. The ability to lose fat and maintain a desirable body weight is not easy but can be attained through a firm commitment to a healthy life style.
Structural Challenges Facing International Organizations: Re-assessing the League of Nations

This article reflects upon the lessons which might be learned from the League of Nations. It highlights a number of the key differences between the League of Nations and the United Nations, with consideration given to the characteristics which shaped both institutions, and the impact which those aspects have had on their ability to fulfil their respective mandates. The article addresses issues including the composition of the institutions’ memberships, the role of sanctions, the roles of the respective Secretariats, and concludes with reflections on broader lessons which might be learned, drawing on the purposes and principles of the respective institutions. The importance of Article 2(4) of the Charter of the United Nations is emphasised, with recognition given to its central role in securing a peaceful society in which the Organization’s goal of bringing about social progress and better standards of life might be secured.
Effect of the Interface in Plasmon-enhanced Second Harmonic Generation from Nonlinear Optical Thin Films

The second order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of two different ionic self-assembled multilayer (ISAM) films combined with Ag nanoparticles have been investigated. The plasmon resonances in the Ag particles concentrate the incident light, markedly increasing in the NLO efficiencies of the films. We find that the efficiency enhancement is significantly larger in conventional ISAM films compared to films made using a hybrid covalent ISAM technique (HCISAM), even though the intrinsic bulk second order non-linear susceptibility (Χ(2)) is much larger for HCISAM films. We attribute this to the interfaces in HCISAM films being much easier to disrupt by external perturbations such as the metal deposition by which the nanoparticles are fabricated. We conclude that because the plasmon decay length is very short, the plasmonic enhancement of NLO effects primarily occurs at and near the film-particle interface. To discern the importance of the interfaces, we surrounded thin ISAM and HCISAM films with NLO-inactive buffer layers, which confirmed this hypothesis, particularly in the case of HCISAM films.
Morphological determinants in O2-transfer across the human and Rhesus hemochorial placenta.

The transfer of gases across the membranes of the hemochorial placenta is accomplished by simple diffusion and therefore, ought to be a simple process. In fact, however, the determination of rate, time, sites, efficiency and mode of transfer are extremely difficult to assess because of the iarge number of variables involved in this process and because of technical obstacles.
Distinguishing Encephaloclastic Lesions Resulting From Primary or Secondary Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Deficiency From Other Neonatal or Infantile Cavitary Brain Lesions

The central nervous system (CNS) is a highly complex and energy-dependent organ that is subject to a wide variety of metabolic, hypoxic-ischemic, and infectious insults that result in cystic changes. Diagnosis of metabolic defects causing extensive cystic changes is particularly challenging for the pediatric pathologist, due to the rarity of these conditions. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) deficiency is one of the most common etiologies of congenital lactic acidosis, caused by mutations in subunits of the large mitochondrial matrix complex, and characterized by periventricular cysts, although few detailed reports focusing on neuropathologic findings exist. In addition, rare defects in other mitochondrial enzymes such as short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase (SCEH, encoded by ECHS1 gene) can cause secondary PDH deficiency and present with neonatal lactic acidosis, but neuropathological findings have never been reported. Nonmetabolic conditions can also produce CNS cystic lesions, primarily in newborns. The pathologist must therefore distinguish between these etiologically disparate conditions which can produce CNS cavitary lesions. Here, we compare and contrast the gross and microscopic findings of cysts associated with cases of PDH and SCEH deficiencies with other neonatal cystic brain diseases including periventricular leukomalacia, neonatal Alexander disease, Canavan disease, and a case of cysts associated with a vascular abnormality. Our studies show that PDH and SCEH deficiencies are not grossly or histologically distinguishable from each other and both are associated with smooth-walled cysts largely limited to the telencephalic germinal matrix. Both show an absence of prominent hemosiderin deposits, Rosenthal fibers, vacuolization of the white matter, and gliosis or axonal damage in the surrounding parenchyma. These features can help distinguish PDH/SCEH deficiency from other pediatric/neonatal cystic CNS disorders, especially those produced by hypoxic ischemic conditions. Cysts, usually bilateral, confined to the telencephalic germinal matrix should elicit metabolic and genetic testing to appropriately diagnose PDH and SCEH and distinguish them from each other.
Fluorescence microscopy of calcium and synaptic vesicle dynamics during synapse formation in tissue culture

The signal transduction process involved in the development of the nerve terminal is an intriguing question in developmental neurobiology. During the formation of the neuromuscular junction, presynaptic development is induced by growth cone's contact with the target muscle cell. Fluorescence microscopy with specific markers has made it possible to follow signalling events during this process. By using fluorescent calcium indicators, such as fura-2 and fluo-3, we found that a rise in intracellular calcium is elicited in the growth cone upon its contact with a target, and this calcium signal can also be elicited by local application of basic fibroblast growth factor. To monitor the clustering of synaptic vesicles in response to target contact, the fluorescent vesicular probe FMl-43 was used. With this probe, we observed that packets of synaptic vesicle are already present along the length of naive neurite, which has not encountered its synaptic target. The activity-dependent loading of FMl-43 indicates that these packets can undergo exocytosis and endocytosis upon depolarization. Time-lapse recording showed that these packets are quite mobile. Upon target contact, synaptic vesicles become clustered and immobilized at the contact site. The methodology and instrumentation used in these studies are described in this article. 1998 © Chapman & Hall
Un-Warren-Ted: Or, How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love My Transgressive Fandom

Joss Whedon’s work is nothing if not attuned to other instances of popular culture. This recognition of media defines Whedon’s patois, transcending reference into popular culture as a language of its own. Whedon’s voracious appetite for popular culture not only informed his dialogue, but it affected his plotting as well. Twists and turns subvert the cliche in Whedon’s work. Not only does this influence Whedon’s work, but the way we feel about his work. Recognition of dialogue and reference become a uniting principle for the fandom. This unity comes with a price for Whedon, though, as fandom communities grow so powerful that they assume control over the narrative.
The Birdcage: Gender Inequity in Academic Jewish Studies

This article reviews existing research on the particular conditions of gender inequity, how it is formed, and what sustains it in academic contexts, and connects those studies to the context of Jewish Studies. It also discusses what we still need to know in order to try to address gender inequity thoroughly in Jewish Studies. Ambient and direct sexual and gender-based harassment, lack of senior women mentors, exclusion from collaboration opportunities, gender stereotyping concerning personality and maternal duties, poor institutional policies, and lack of enforcement of existing nondiscrimination and anti-harassment policies all contribute to a leaking pipeline, that is, a dearth of women in senior academic positions compared to the number who enter academia. Academic Jewish Studies is unique in its overlap with Jewish religious and communal organizations; reform in one area must go hand-in-hand with the others. Areas for further research are suggested.
Ultrasound-Based Post-Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) Monitoring Device

A diverse set of stimulators, transducers and data transceivers can be integrated into medically implantable devices using ultrasonic power. An application for such a device is postoperative monitoring of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Endoleaks are a potentially serious, but correctible, complication of aorta repair. A miniscule ultrasonic powered device incorporated into the stent-graft for endovascular delivery could provide on demand diagnostic information about the presence of endoleak by monitoring the dimensions of the aneurysm sack in real time. To power this device, a wireless ultrasonic power recovery scheme is demonstrated in oil using a single-element capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer, and a circuit made with commercially available discrete components. The 2-mm diameter element, a diode rectifier bridge and inductor-based boost circuit form the power conversion circuit delivering over 1 mW to the load. Other aspects of the implantable device are a pulse echo measurement of the diameter of the vessel lumen, and a data transmission method that encodes clock, data and transmission framing information in biphasic ultrasonic pulses and takes advantage of the wideband characteristics of the CMUT. This proof of concept is guiding the design of an integrated circuit implementing the key elements of the implantable device.
Going “Rogue”: National Parks, Discourses of American Identity and Resistance on Twitter

This chapter examines three ‘alternative’ national parks Twitter accounts created in response to censorship about climate change imposed by the Trump administration in 2017. Drawing on Critical Discourse Analysis and theory by Fairclough (Language and power. Longman, London, 1989), Tracy and Robles (Everyday talk: Building and reflecting identities. The Guilford Press, New York, 2013) and Foucault (The archaeology of knowledge. Pantheon, New York, 1972), this chapter finds that the tweets call upon ideas of US national identity through the use of themes like pristine wilderness, historic legacy and wisdom by past American leaders. The authors identify Twitter as a platform that allows a space for protest and collective resistance. The tweets engendered civic participation around a perspective counter to the official line, and in doing so, foregrounded a romanticized sense of national identity.
A Novel Labeling Strategy Reveals That Myosin Va and Myosin Vb Bind the Same Dendritically Polarized Vesicle Population.

Neurons are specialized cells with a polarized geometry and several distinct subdomains that require specific complements of proteins. Delivery of transmembrane proteins requires vesicle transport, which is mediated by molecular motor proteins. The myosin V family of motor proteins mediates transport to the barbed end of actin filaments, and little is known about the vesicles bound by myosin V in neurons. We developed a novel strategy to visualize myosin V-labeled vesicles in cultured hippocampal neurons and systematically characterized the vesicle populations labeled by myosin Va and Vb. We find that both myosins bind vesicles that are polarized to the somatodendritic domain where they undergo bidirectional long-range transport. A series of two-color imaging experiments showed that myosin V specifically colocalized with two different vesicle populations: vesicles labeled with the transferrin receptor and vesicles labeled by low-density lipoprotein receptor. Finally, coexpression with Kinesin-3 family members found that myosin V binds vesicles concurrently with KIF13A or KIF13B, supporting the hypothesis that coregulation of kinesins and myosin V on vesicles is likely to play an important role in neuronal vesicle transport. We anticipate that this new assay will be applicable in a broad range of cell types to determine the function of myosin V motor proteins.
Barriers to Gender-affirming Surgery Consultations in a Sample of Transmasculine Patients in Boston, Mass.

Gender diverse people are increasingly pursuing gender-affirming surgery, but little is known about their experiences on accessing care. As part of the baseline assessment for an ongoing longitudinal study, we examined the types of barriers and self-reported out-of-pocket costs associated with gender-affirming surgery most commonly endorsed by transmasculine chest (top) and genital (bottom) surgery patients at their initial surgical consultation. Methods A brief survey was administered to a clinical sample of transmasculine patients (n = 160; age ≥15 years) seeking a gender-affirming surgery at the Center for Gender Surgery in Boston, Mass. from April 2018 to February 2020. Results The barriers most commonly endorsed by top surgery patients were insurance coverage and age. For bottom surgery patients, the most commonly endorsed barriers were getting mental health letters and readiness for surgery. Bottom surgery patients were also more likely to report barriers of readiness for surgery and cost of/access to hair removal, than top surgery patients (Ps < 0.05). Bottom surgery patients were more likely to report out-of-pocket costs related to hair removal, surgical consultation, and surgery (Ps < 0.05), whereas top surgery patients were more likely to report hormone treatment costs (P = 0.01). Average out-of-pocket costs were high (mean = 2148.31) and significantly higher for bottom surgery patients (b = 4140.30; β = 0.64; 95% confidence interval, 3064.6-5216.0). Conclusions Transmasculine patients experience a variety of barriers when seeking gender-affirming surgery. Presurgical requirements, insurance access, and high out-of-pocket costs may hinder access to care for many transmasculine people seeking bottom surgery.
Community attachment: perceptions of context matter

Social bonds have been a focus in understanding community attachment. Community context is also critical to fostering community attachment. While community context assessed by objective measures su...
Studying Chinese Christianity

This introduction presents the context in which this study took place and the current state of the anthropology of Christianity. Arguing that the field has emerged without questioning systematically the ways it characterizes and circumscribes its object of inquiry, Christianity, I apply methodological and theoretical insights from Actor-Network Theory in order to investigate the variety and diversity of Chinese Christians evolving in contemporary Nanping, a small city of southern China. In addition to key notions of the study, this chapter also provides a brief introduction to the various churches operating in Nanping and a summary of the main findings of the study.
Low-Level Tolerance to Antibiotic Trimethoprim in QAC-Adapted Subpopulations of Listeria monocytogenes

Between January and July 2021, there were as many as 30 recalls in the U.S. due to potential Listeria monocytogenes contamination from a variety of food products including muffins, kimchi, chicken salad, ready-to-eat chicken, smoked fish, mushrooms, queso fresco cheese, ice cream, turkey sandwiches, squash, and other foods. A contaminated food chain can serve as a potential vehicle for transmitting antibiotic resistant bacteria since there is a slow emergence of multi-drug antibiotic resistance in L. monocytogenes. Biocides are essential for safe food processing, but they may also induce unintended selective pressure at sublethal doses for the expression of antibiotic resistance in L. monocytogenes. To better understand the sources of such slow emergence of antibiotic resistance through biocide residues present in the food environments, we are working on the role of sublethal doses of commonly used biocides in defined broth and water models for understanding L. monocytogenes adaptation. We recently published the development of low-level tolerance to fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin in quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) adapted subpopulations of L. monocytogenes (Microorganisms 9, 1052). Of the six different antibiotics tested to determine heterologous stress adaptation in eight strains of L. monocytogenes, trimethoprim was the second one that exhibited low-level tolerance development after continuous exposure (by three approaches) to sublethal concentrations of QAC against actively growing planktonic cells of L. monocytogenes. When adapted to daily cycles of fixed or gradually increasing sublethal concentrations of QAC, we observed three main findings in eight L. monocytogenes strains against trimethoprim: (a) 3 of the 8 strains exhibited significant increase in short-range minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of trimethoprim by 1.7 to 2.5 fold in QAC-adapted subpopulations compared to non-adapted cells (p < 0.05); (b) 2 of the 8 strains exhibited significant increase in growth rate in trimethoprim (optical density (OD) by 600 nm at 12 h) by 1.4 to 4.8 fold in QAC-adapted subpopulations compared to non-adapted cells (p < 0.05); and (c) 5 of the 8 strains yielded significantly higher survival by 1.3-to-3.1 log CFU/mL in trimethoprim in QAC-adapted subpopulations compared to the non-adapted control (p < 0.05). However, for 3/8 strains of L. monocytogenes, there was no increase in the survival of QAC-adapted subpopulations compared to non-adapted control in trimethoprim. These findings suggest the potential formation of low-level trimethoprim tolerant subpopulations in some L. monocytogenes strains where QAC may be used widely. These experimental models are useful in developing early detection methods for tracking the slow emergence of antibiotic tolerant strains through food chain. Also, these findings are useful in understanding the predisposing conditions leading to slow emergence of antibiotic resistant strains of L. monocytogenes in various food production and food processing environments.
Parameterization of Monovalent Ions for the OPC3, OPC, TIP3P-FB, and TIP4P-FB Water Models.

Monovalent ions play significant roles in various biological and material systems. Recently, four new water models (OPC3, OPC, TIP3P-FB, and TIP4P-FB), with significantly improved descriptions of condensed phase water, have been developed. The pairwise interaction between the metal ion and water necessitates the development of ion parameters specifically for these water models. Herein, we parameterized the 12-6 and the 12-6-4 nonbonded models for 12 monovalent ions with the respective four new water models. These monovalent ions contain eight cations including alkali metal ions (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+), transition-metal ions (Cu+ and Ag+), and Tl+ from the boron family, along with four halide anions (F-, Cl-, Br-, I-). Our parameters were designed to reproduce the target hydration free energies (the 12-6 hydration free energy (HFE) set), the ion-oxygen distances (the 12-6 ion-oxygen distance (IOD) set), or both of them (the 12-6-4 set). The 12-6-4 parameter set provides highly accurate structural features overcoming the limitations of the routinely used 12-6 nonbonded model for ions. Specifically, we note that the 12-6-4 parameter set is able to reproduce experimental hydration free energies within 1 kcal/mol and experimental ion-oxygen distances within 0.01 A simultaneously. We further reproduced the experimentally determined activity derivatives for salt solutions, validating the ion parameters for simulations of ion pairs. The improved performance of the present water models over our previous parameter sets for the TIP3P, TIP4P, and SPC/E water models (Li, P. et al J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2015 11 1645 1657) highlights the importance of the choice of water model in conjunction with the metal ion parameter set.
A New Breed: The Cat as Scapegoat in Edenic and Utopian Imagery

This chapter demonstrates the opposing narratives of wild and tame toward cats in Genesis and The Book of Revelation. The notion of “wildness” slandered both large and small cats in the works of late Medieval and early Renaissance religious depictions of Eden. Cats were represented in a myriad of symbolic postures and gestures as duplicitous in myth, biblical narrative and contemporary thought. Beliefs regarding Eve’s sexual transgressions were gleaned from scriptural and dogmatic sources that influenced these artistic choices. The strategies artists employed unwittingly fettered the “cat” as an emblem of misogyny, informing cultural attitudes toward both women and cats. So much so, that the use of cats’ bodies, skins, and hides, became emblematic conventions for human depravity. Conversely, in opposition to the Genesis narratives, cats were viewed as peaceful through a humanist lens in eschatological Christian apologetics.
Effects of an expert-modeled attentional focus cue structure on skilled jump rope performance and learning.

Abstract Instructions that direct attention externally have been shown to enhance motor performance. However, research on skilled performers and on learning effects has produced some distinct findings. Further, many studies have presented an overly simplistic view of attention and learning, such that all-internal focus protocols are contrasted with all-external focus protocols. Contrary to this approach, skilled performers have reported adopting combined focus strategies, revealing the need to test more realistic instructional protocols. The current study provided an experimental test of focus instructions that were modeled after the strategies of elite jump rope athletes. Four groups of skilled jump rope athletes practiced novel skills under various focus instructions. The internal focus (IF) and external focus (EF) groups were given traditional internal and external focus instructions, respectively. The expert modeled (EM) group was given a set of instructions that were based on experts' reported focus strategies. The expert modeled-autonomous (EM-A) group was allowed to choose how they used each of the expert-modeled instructions. All groups completed a baseline assessment, four practice sessions, and a learning assessment. Results of a chi-square test of independence revealed no relationship between group assignment and performance during baseline or practice. There was a significant relationship between group assignment and performance during the learning assessment (p
Paper or plastic? Simulation based evaluation of two versions of a cognitive aid for managing pediatric peri-operative critical events by anesthesia trainees: evaluation of the society for pediatric anesthesia emergency checklist

Cognitive aids (CA), including emergency manuals and checklists, are tools designed to assist users in prioritizing and performing complex tasks during time sensitive, high stress situations (Marshall in Anesth Analgesia 117(5):1162–1171, 2013; Marshall and Mehra in Anaesthesia 69(7):669–677, 2014). The society for pediatric anesthesia (SPA) has developed a series of emergency checklists tailored for use by pediatric perioperative teams that cover a wide range of intraoperative critical events (Shaffner et al. in Anesth Analgesia 117(4):960–979, 2013). In this study, we evaluated user preferences for a CA (SPA checklist) using two different presentation formats, paper and electronic, during management of simulated critical events. Anesthesia trainees managed the simulated critical events under one of three randomized conditions: (1) memory alone, (2) with a paper version of the CA, (3) with an electronic version of the CA. Following participation in the simulated critical events, participants were asked to complete a survey regarding their experience using the different versions of the CA. The percentage of favorable responses for each format of the CA was compared using a mixed effects proportional odds model. There were 143 simulated events managed by 89 anesthesia trainees. Approximately one out of three trainees (electronic 29 %, paper 30 %) assigned to use the CA chose not to use it and completed the scenario from memory alone. The survey was completed by 68 % of participants, 58 % of trainees preferred the paper version and 35 % preferred the electronic version. All survey responses that reached statistical significance favored the paper version. In this study, anesthesia trainees had a favorable opinion of the content and perceived clinical relevance of both versions of the CA. In both quantitative and qualitative analysis, the paper version of the CA was preferred over the electronic version by participants. Despite overall favorable responses to the CA, a sizeable number of participants chose not to use either version the CA during the crisis.
Factors affecting the solubility of ionic compounds

Abstract In order to provide a more robust understanding for the general solubility rules provided in most chemistry introductions, the charge densities for common ionic cations and anions are computed via quantum chemical methods. It is shown that low charge densities on either the cation or, especially, the anion promote solubility. The lowest anion charge densities produced correspond to chlorate, perchlorate, and acetate which are known always to be soluble for the analyzed cations. Silver has the lowest charge density of the cations examined, but is rarely soluble, only with these three singly-charged polyatomic anions and the related nitrate anion. The silver chloride bond is 8 kcal/mol stronger than silver chlorate and 12 kcal/mol stronger than silver nitrate. Sodium chloride is 6 kcal/mol weaker than silver chlorate with potassium chlorate 8 kcal/mol weaker. Hence, silver monomer salts are shown here to produce high bond energies to atomic anions showcasing why charge density alone cannot explain aqueous solubility, even though it is a good marker in a general sense.