cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Individual and Neighborhood Determinants of Late HIV Diagnosis Among Latinos, Florida, 2007–2011

The objective of this study was to examine individual and neighborhood determinants of late HIV diagnosis by gender and birthplace among Latinos. Florida HIV surveillance data for 2007–2011 were merged with American Community Survey data to estimate the odds of late HIV diagnosis (AIDS within 3 months of HIV diagnosis). Of 5522 HIV-positive Latinos, 26.5 % were diagnosed late. The odds ratio (OR) for late diagnosis was 1.39 times higher for males than females [95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.14–1.69]. Neighborhood-level factors associated with late diagnosis included residing in the 3 highest quartiles of neighborhood unemployment for males. The OR was 1.22 times higher for foreign- than US-born Latinos (95 % CI 1.07–1.40). Among foreign-born, residing in areas in the 2nd and 3rd quartiles of unemployment, in rural areas, and areas with <25 % Hispanic/Latino population were associated with late diagnosis. Population-based HIV testing campaigns may require tailoring to ensure that they effectively reach male Latinos in areas with high unemployment and foreign-born Latinos in rural and predominantly non-Latino areas.
The Short-term Effect of Recombinant Human Brain Natriuretic Peptide and Meglumine Adenosine Cyclophosphate on Acute Heart Failure

Objective To explore the short-term effect of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide(rhBNP) and meglumine adenosine cyclophosphate on acute heart failure. Methods 62 patients with acute heart failure were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group. Both groups were treated with meglumine adenosine cyclophosphate. In addition, the observation group was given rhBNP. The improvement of respiratory symptoms, left ventricular function, plasma biochemical parameters and the adverse reactions of two groups before and after treatment were analyzed. Results The improvement rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(80.65% vs. 54.84%, P0.05); the left ventricular function and plasma biochemical indicators were superior to those of the control group(P0.05). Conclusion The short-term effect of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide and meglumine adenosine cyclophosphate on acute heart failure was better and which was tolerable.
Changes in Student Performance and Confidence with a Standardized Patient and Standardized Colleague Interprofessional Activity.

Objective. To assess the impact of a standardized patient and standardized colleague interprofessional activity on student performance and perceived confidence in communicating with patients and physicians. Methods. Students in the third professional year were presented with a practice and final activity including a standardized patient interaction, SOAP note preparation, and standardized colleague interaction. Student performance was measured by assessment rubrics on practice and final activities. Students’ perceived confidence was measured via presurvey and postsurvey. Results. Students performed significantly better from the practice to the final activity with regard to communicating with patients, SOAP note, and the overall activity with a mean difference (95% CI) of 9.2 (6.9-11.5), 3.6 (1.3-5.8), and 3.9 (2.0-5.7), respectively. There was a positive significant change from presurvey to postsurvey in students’ confidence talking to patients and physicians on majority of questions. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that active learning and integrated assessments improve overall student performance. Integration of interprofessional education also has positive effects on students’ perceived confidence.
Concentration Dependent Specific Rotations of Chiral Surfactants: Experimental and Computational Studies.

Recent experimental studies have shown unexpected chiroptical response from some chiral surfactant molecules, where the specific rotations changed significantly as a function of concentration. To establish a theoretical understanding of this experimentally observed phenomena, a novel methodology for studying chiral surfactants via combined molecular dynamics (MD) and quantum mechanical (QM) calculations is presented. MD simulations on the +10 000 atom surfactant systems have been performed using MD and QM/molecular mechanics (MM) approaches. QM calculations performed on MD snapshots coupled with extensive analysis on lauryl ester of phenylalanine (LEP) surfactant system indicate that the experimentally observed variation of specific rotation with concentration may be due to the conformational differences of the surfactant monomers in the aggregates. Though traditional MM simulations did not show significant differences in the conformer populations, QM/MM simulations using the forces derived from the PM6 m...
Writing Up the Intake Interview

The ability to write up a clear, comprehensive, and professional intake evaluation report is a top skill for seasoned mental health professionals. However, this task often seems overwhelming to the beginning clinician, who also is facing the challenges of learning other basic interviewing and therapy skills. But imagine a clinician who conducts a whole course of treatment without formally documenting anything about why clients came for services, what problems they initially had, and what treatment recommendations and goals were established. How could this practitioner justify the type of treatment provided and gauge whether or not treatment was successful? Indeed, practices with limited documentation cannot survive in today's climate of managed health care organizations, professional accountability, and client rights. No matter what clinical specialty or type of setting in which therapists work, they most likely will be responsible for writing at least some form of an intake report. Historically, however, many psychology training programs have not provided formalized classroom training in professional report writing. Rather, students learned to write intake reports through informal means: studying old intake reports in their clients' charts or borrowing "model" reports from more experienced students or teachers. This chapter assists therapists in report writing, and offers practical and explicit guidelines to help them prepare well-written and thorough intake reports.
‘It was about claiming space’: exposure to Asian American studies, ethnic organization participation, and the negotiation of self among southeast Asian Americans

AbstractDespite the growing number of Asian American Studies (AAS) programs and Asian ethnic organizations across colleges and universities since the 1970s, surprisingly little empirical research examines the role of these aspects of higher education on Asian American identity. How do the roles of AAS curriculum and Asian American student organizations (Asian American activities) influence southeast Asian American college students’ ethnic and panethnic identity formation? Drawing on 50 in-depth interviews of 1.5 and second-generation college-educated Asian Americans, this study finds that the exposure to Asian American activities shapes respondents’ racial and ethnic identity construction. Specifically, the exposure to Asian American activities: (1) evokes an informed assertion of a contextual panethnic identity; (2) serves to trigger an assertion of a hyphenated American identity; and lastly, (3) plays a direct, but differing, instrumental role on identity construction among different Asian American sub-...
Modified ideal observer model (MIOM) for high-contrast and high-spatial resolution CT imaging tasks.

Purpose Although a variety of mathematical observer models have been developed to predict human observer performance for low contrast lesion detection tasks, their predictive power for high contrast and high spatial resolution discrimination imaging tasks, including those in CT bone imaging, could be limited. The purpose of this work was to develop a modified observer model that has improved correlation with human observer performance for these tasks. Methods The proposed observer model, referred to as the modified ideal observer model (MIOM), uses a weight function to penalize components in the task function that have less contribution to the actual human observer performance for high contrast and high spatial resolution discrimination tasks. To validate MIOM, both human observer and observer model studies were performed, each using exactly the same CT imaging task [discrimination of a connected component in a high contrast (1000 HU) high spatial resolution bone fracture model (0.3 mm)] and experimental CT image data. For the human observer studies, three physicist observers rated the connectivity of the fracture model using a five-point Likert scale; for the observer model studies, a total of five observer models, including both conventional models and the proposed MIOM, were used to calculate the discrimination capability of the CT images in resolving the connected component. Images used in the studies encompassed 9 different reconstruction kernels. Correlation between human and observer model performance for these kernels were quantified using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (ρ). After the validation study, an example application of MIOM was presented, in which the observer model was used to select the optimal reconstruction kernel for a High-Resolution (Hi-Res, GE Healthcare) CT scan technique. Results The performance of the proposed MIOM correlated well with that of the human observers with a Spearman rank correlation coefficient ρ of 0.88 (p = 0.003). In comparison, the value of ρ was 0.05 (p = 0.904) for the ideal observer, 0.05 (p = 0.904) for the non-prewhitening observer, -0.18 (p = 0.634) for the non-prewhitening observer with eye filter and internal noise, and 0.30 (p = 0.427) for the prewhitening observer with eye filter and internal noise. Using the validated MIOM, the optimal reconstruction kernel for the Hi-Res mode to perform high spatial resolution and high contrast discrimination imaging tasks was determined to be the HD Ultra kernel at the center of the scan field of view (SFOV), or the Lung kernel at the peripheral region of the SFOV. This result was consistent with visual observations of nasal CT images of an in vivo canine subject. Conclusions Compared with other observer models, the proposed modified ideal observer model provides significantly improved correlation with human observers for high contrast and high spatial resolution CT imaging tasks. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Impact of Quality Management on Hospital Performance: An Empirical Examination

Prior research is ambiguous on the impact of quality management practices on health care performance. This research helps clarify the definition of quality management by splitting it into two components: quality process and quality context. Analysis sho..
How structural elements evolving from bacterial to human SLC6 transporters enabled new functional properties

Much of the structure-based mechanistic understandings of the function of SLC6A neurotransmitter transporters emerged from the study of their bacterial LeuT-fold homologs. It has become evident, however, that structural differences such as the long N- and C-termini of the eukaryotic neurotransmitter transporters are involved in an expanded set of functional properties to the eukaryotic transporters. These functional properties are not shared by the bacterial homologs, which lack the structural elements that appeared later in evolution. However, mechanistic insights into some of the measured functional properties of the eukaryotic transporters that have been suggested to involve these structural elements are sparse or merely descriptive. To learn how the structural elements added in evolution enable mechanisms of the eukaryotic transporters in ways not shared with their bacterial LeuT-like homologs, we focused on the human dopamine transporter (hDAT) as a prototype. We present the results of a study employing large-scale molecular dynamics simulations and comparative Markov state model analysis of experimentally determined properties of the wild-type and mutant hDAT constructs. These offer a quantitative outline of mechanisms in which a rich spectrum of interactions of the hDAT N-terminus and C-terminus contribute to the regulation of transporter function (e.g., by phosphorylation) and/or to entirely new phenotypes (e.g., reverse uptake (efflux)) that were added in evolution. The findings are consistent with the proposal that the size of eukaryotic neurotransmitter transporter termini increased during evolution to enable more functions (e.g., efflux) not shared with the bacterial homologs. The mechanistic explanations for the experimental findings about the modulation of function in DAT, the serotonin transporter, and other eukaryotic transporters reveal separate roles for the distal and proximal segments of the much larger N-terminus in eukaryotic transporters compared to the bacterial ones. The involvement of the proximal and distal segments — such as the role of the proximal segment in sustaining transport in phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-depleted membranes and of the distal segment in modulating efflux — may represent an evolutionary adaptation required for the function of eukaryotic transporters expressed in various cell types of the same organism that differ in the lipid composition and protein complement of their membrane environment.
Modernizing Training on Social Determinants of Health: A Virtual Neighborhood Tour is Noninferior to an in-Person Experience.

What's New? Using innovative technology to teach about social determinants of health might address current training barriers related to standardization, sustainability, and scalability. A virtual tour of an impoverished neighborhood that used 360° videos was noninferior to the previous in-person experience.
Comparison of Serial Blood Collection by Facial Vein and Retrobulbar Methods in C57BL/6 Mice

Many biomedical research protocols for mouse models involve serial blood collection and analysis. Two common techniques for serial blood collection in this species are the retrobulbar (RB, also called retroorbital) and facial vein (FV) methods. However, previous studies comparing these methods typically evaluated collection at a maximum of 2 time points. Here we compared hematologic values, adverse clinical effects, and histopathologic lesions in mice bled either once or serially (6 times) by using the FV or RB method. Mice (n = 48) were divided into 4 groups: single FV, single RB, serial FV and serial RB. Mice in the single-collection groups underwent a single blood collection by the indicated method, whereas those in the serial-collection groups were sampled once weekly for 6 consecutive weeks. All animals were euthanized and necropsied 2 wk after their last blood collection. Compared with all other groups, the serial FV group experienced more serious clinical adverse events, including 33% mortality, convulsions, head tilt, and hemorrhage from the ear canal and nares. In addition, mice in the FV groups had a significantly greater acute body weight loss compared with mice in the RB groups. Histologically, mice in both serial-collection groups had an increased incidence of tissue lesions compared with their respective single-collection groups. Importantly, only mice in the serial FV group had life-threatening histopathologic lesions, including cerebral hemorrhage or ischemia. Given these data, we conclude that serial blood collection in mice causes increased incidence of tissue damage compared with single sampling, and serial blood collection by the FV method causes substantial morbidity and mortality compared with the RB method.
Detrusor Function with Lesions of the Conus Medullaris

AbstractConventional urodynamic evaluation is unable to distinguish between a pure conus lesion and one with concomitant cauda equina involvement. Lumbosacral evoked potentials to tibial nerve stimulation assesses the sensory root and dorsal horn interneurons of the L5 to S2 spinal cord segments. This allows for the diagnosis of a pure lesion of the conus medullaris with preservation of the sensory root response (R wave) with absence of the dorsal horn gray matter response (S wave). Urodynamic evaluation in 5 patients with a conus lesion showed a variety of detrusor responses ranging from hyperreflexia through areflexia with decreased compliance to areflexia with normal compliance. The ability to diagnose a pure conus lesion may have prognostic significance as newer modalities of treatment emerge, all of which require intact gray matter of the spinal cord.
Hosting mega events: Modeling Locals’ Support

Abstract This study develops and tests a structural model to assess key factors on residents’ perceptions of the impacts of the 2002 Winter Olympics as a mega tourism event and how these perceptions affect their support. The model is based on previous literature and uses data collected during the event. Community backing for mega events is affected directly and/or indirectly by five determinants of support: the level of community concern, ecocentric values, community attachment, perceived benefits, and perceived costs. There are interactions between costs and benefit factors, and support relies heavily on perceived benefits rather than costs. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Severe neonatal Marfan syndrome resulting from a de novo 3-bp insertion into the fibrillin gene on chromosome 15

Severe neonatal Marfan syndrome has features of the Marfan syndrome and congenital contractural arachnodactyly present at birth, along with unique features such as loose, redundant skin and pulmonary emphysema. Since the Marfan syndrome and congenital contractural arachnodactyly are due to mutations in different genes, it has been uncertain whether neonatal Marfan syndrome is due to mutations in the fibrillin gene on chromosome 15 or in another gene. The authors studied an infant with severe neonatal Marfan syndrome. Dermal fibroblasts were metabolically labeled and found to secrete fibrillin inefficiently when compared with control cells. Reverse transcription and amplification of the proband's fibroblast RNA was used to identify a 3-bp insertion between nucleotides 480-481 or 481-482 of the fibrillin cDNA. The insertion maintains the reading frame of the protein and inserts a cysteine between amino acids 160 and 161 in an epidermal growth-factor-like motif of fibrillin. This 3-bp insertion was not found in the fibrillin gene in 70 unrelated, unaffected individuals and 11 unrelated individuals with the Maran syndrome. The authors conclude that neonatal Marfan syndrome is the result of mutations in the fibrillin gene on chromosome 15 and is part of the Marfan syndrome spectrum. 32 refs., 3 figs.
PMBCL: a molecular diagnosis?

In this issue of Blood, Mottok et al1 demonstrate the utility of a molecular assay that assesses the expression of 58 genes to distinguish primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by using routinely available formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPET) biopsies. The results could improve diagnostic accuracy for patients with PMBCL and may have important implications for clinical trial selection and interpretation of clinical outcomes for patients with this rare form of lymphoma.
Student perceptions of low-tech active learning and mastery of introductory biomechanics concepts.

This study documented student perceptions of five low-tech active learning exercises, their epistemology of learning, and examined the association between these variables and mastery of biomechanic...
Anticoagulation Strategies in Patients With Cancer: JACC Review Topic of the Week

AbstractPatients with active cancer are at an increased risk of arterial and venous thromboembolism (VTE) and bleeding events. Historically, in patients with cancer, low molecular weight heparins h...
Towards an information centric flood ontology for information management and communication

Advancements and new techniques in information technologies are making it possible to manage, analyze and present large-scale environmental modeling results and spatial data acquired from various sources. However, it is a major challenge to make this data accessible because of its unstructured, incomplete and varied nature. Extracting information and making accurate inferences from various data sources rapidly is critical for natural disaster preparedness and response. Critical information about disasters needs to be provided in a structured and easily accessible way in a context-specific manner. This paper introduces a group of information-centric ontologies that encompass the flood domain and describes how they can be benefited to access, analyze, and visualize flood-related data with natural language queries. The presented methodology enables the easy integration of domain knowledge into expert systems and voice-enabled intelligent applications that can be accessed through web-based information platforms, instant messaging apps, automated workflow systems, home automation devices, and augmented and virtual reality platforms. A case study is described to demonstrate the usage of presented ontologies in such intelligent systems.
Perspective: white space networking with wi-fi like connectivity

This paper, titled White Space Networking with Wi-Fi like Connectivity [8], received the best paper award at ACM SIGCOMM 2009. Since then, it has led to new research, a new IEEE standard, new governmental regulations, and a new industry. The work also laid the foundation for new rural connectivity initiatives, connecting rural schools, hospitals, and libraries in Africa, Asia, and America.
The well-evolved pathogen.

Stan Falkow looked at the world with his eyes peering from the outer membrane of a gram-negative bacterium. It was a great vantage point from which to dream about the possible superpowers these organisms might have. He mused about these dreams with his trainees who sometimes found through rigorous scientific exploration that the superpowers really were there! Stan also realized that bacterial pathogenesis by definition was a two-way street, and that masterful understanding of bacterial virulence factors also required a masterful understanding of host cell processes against which the virulence factors were deployed. In my own scientific journey, I have sought to explore bacterial-host interactions that result in subtle alterations of the host’s adaptive immune response. Here, as an example, I describe an interaction between Chlamydia trachomatis and host T cells that may contribute to the establishment of persistent infection.
“Teledermatopathology: A Review”

In this review, we will cover definitions of relevant terms, present need, technologic requirements, regulation, validation, and current and emerging applications of teledermatopathology. Numerous studies have found no significant diagnostic discordance between teledermatopathology and glass microscopy in evaluation of melanocytic, non-melanocytic, and inflammatory diagnoses. Teledermatopathology has led to a significant difference in patient management in low-resource settings. Furthermore, studies using static images acquired using smartphones and microscope adapters have high diagnostic concordance with conventional glass slide review. Teledermatopathology is a new method to address healthcare disparity in access to dermatopathology services on a local and international level, reduce costs, and further physician education. Adoption of teledermatopathology remains limited by regulatory and remuneration barriers and high cost and storage requirements of initiation.
In well-differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells, TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 induce expression of furin

The COVID-19 pandemic is an ongoing threat to public health. Since the identification of COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, no drugs have been developed to specifically target SARS-CoV-2. ...
Response of the mode Grüneisen parameters with anisotropic compression: A pressure and temperature dependent Raman study of β -Sn

The lattice dynamic response of body-centered tetragonal $\ensuremath{\beta}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Sn}$ $(I{4}_{1}/amd)$ under high-pressure and -temperature conditions is determined using experimental optical vibration modes. Raman scattering is used to map the phase stability region of $\ensuremath{\beta}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Sn}$ to perform mode Gr\"uneisen analysis, and we demonstrate the necessity of an optical intensity calibration for Raman thermometry. The Gr\"uneisen tensor is evaluated along a set of isotherms to address shortcomings of single-mode Gr\"uneisen parameters with respect to anisotropic deformations of this tetragonal structured soft metal. The changes observed here in the Gr\"uneisen tensor as a function of temperature are related to anharmonicity and denote potential criteria for the onset of premelting.
Results of surgical resection of carotid body tumors: A twenty-year experience.

This study examines whether surgical resection of carotid body tumors (CBTs) is acceptable in light of potential significant neurologic complications. This IRB-approved retrospective study analyzed...
Characterization of Erwinia tracheiphila bacteriophage FBB1 isolated from spotted cucumber beetles that vector E. tracheiphila

Erwinia tracheiphila, the causal pathogen of bacterial wilt of cucurbit crops, is disseminated by cucumber beetles. A bacteriophage, designated FBB1, was isolated from spotted cucumber beetles (Diabrotica undecimpunctata) that were collected from a field where E. tracheiphila is endemic. FBB1 was classified into the Myoviridae family based on its morphology, which includes an elongated icosahedral head (106 × 82 nm) and a putatively contractile tail (120 nm). FBB1 infected all 62 E. tracheiphila strains examined and also three Pantoea spp. strains. FBB1 virions were stable at 55°C for 1 h and tolerated a pH range from 3 to 12. FBB1 has a genome of 175,994 bp with 316 predicted coding sequences and a GC content of 36.5%. The genome contains genes for a major bacterial outer-membrane protein, a putative exopolysaccharide depolymerase, and 22 predicted tRNAs. The morphology and genome indicate that FBB1 is a T4-like virus and thus in the Tevenvirinae subfamily. FBB1 is the first virulent phage of E. tracheiphila to be reported, and to date, is one of only two bacteriophages to be isolated from insect vectors of phytopathogens. Collectively, the results support FBB1 as a promising candidate for biocontrol of E. tracheiphila based on its virulent (lytic) rather than lysogenic lifestyle, its infection of all E. tracheiphila strains examined to date, and its infection of a few non-pathogenic bacteria that could be used to support phage populations when pathogen numbers are low.
Resort Real Estate: Does Supply Prevent Appreciation?

This paper examines the behavior of ski resort property in a major New England market over the last 25 years. A constructed property price series reveals that nominal prices are quite volatile and ...
Optimal CPU Frequency Scaling Policies for Sustainable Edge Computing

Sustainable edge computing (SEC) is a promising technology that can reduce energy consumption and computing latency for the mobile Internet of things (IoT). By collecting solar or wind energy from the environment, an SEC cloudlet outside the electric grid can provide powerful computing capabilities for resource-constrained mobile IoT devices. Considering significant density variation of sustainable energy over time, the SEC cloudlet needs to dynamically adjust the clock frequency of the central processing unit (CPU) to balance energy consumption and computing power. In this paper, we consider the limited energy storage of the cloudlet and develop an offline optimal CPU frequency scaling policy to maximize the overall computing power of the cloudlet within a certain period of time. The tightest string policy that gives a graphical viewpoint of the optimal CPU frequency scaling is found.
Periodic Motions in a Periodically Forced Oscillator Moving on the Oscillating Belt With Dry Friction

In this paper, periodic motion in an oscillator moving on a periodically vibrating belt with dry-friction is investigated. The conditions of stick and non-stick motions for such an oscillator are obtained in the relative motion frame, and the grazing and stick (or sliding) bifurcations are presented as well. The periodic motions are predicted analytically and numerically, and the analytical prediction is based on the appropriate mapping structures. The eigenvalue analysis of such periodic motions is carried out. The periodic motions are illustrated through the displacement, velocity and force responses in the absolute and relative frames. This investigation provides an efficient method to predict periodic motions of such an oscillator involving dry-friction. The significance of this investigation lies in controlling motion of such friction-induced oscillator in industry.© 2005 ASME
Reading and the History of Race in the Renaissance

Introduction: print culture, the humoral reader, and the racialized body 1. Genealogy and race in post-Constantinople Romance: from The King of Tars to Tirant lo Blanc and Amadis de Gaula 2. The form and matter of race: Heliodorus' Aethiopika, hylomorphism, and neo-Aristotelian readers 3. The conversion of the reader: Ariosto, Herberay, Munday, and Cervantes 4. Pamphilia's black humor: reading and racial melancholy in the Urania.
Surgical Outcomes for Minimally Invasive vs Open Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND Minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF)-or MI-TLIF-has been increasing in prevalence compared with open TLIF (O-TLIF) procedures. The use of MI-TLIF is an evolving technique with conflicting reports in the literature about outcomes. OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of MI-TLIF in comparison with O-TLIF for early and late outcomes by using the Visual Analog Scale for back pain (VAS-back) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Secondary end points include blood loss, operative time, radiation exposure, length of stay, fusion rates, and complications between the 2 procedures. METHODS During August 2014, a systematic literature search was performed identifying 987 articles. Of these, 30 met inclusion criteria. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed by using both pooled and subset analyses based on study type. RESULTS Our meta-analysis demonstrated that MI-TLIF reduced blood loss (P < .001), length of stay (P < .001), and complications (P = .001) but increased radiation exposure (P < .001). No differences were found in fusion rate (P = .61) and operative time (P = .34). A decrease in late VAS-back scores was demonstrated for MI TLIF (P < .001), but no differences were found in early VAS-back, early ODI, and late ODI. CONCLUSION MI-TLIF is associated with reduced blood loss, decreased length of stay, decreased complication rates, and increased radiation exposure. The rates of fusion and operative time are similar between MI-TLIF and O-TLIF. Differences in long-term outcomes in MI-TLIF vs O-TLIF are inconclusive and require more research, particularly in the form of large, multi-institutional prospective randomized controlled trials. ABBREVIATIONS CI, confidence intervalMCID, minimal clinically important differenceMI-TLIF, minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusionODI, Oswestry Disability IndexO-TLIF, open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusionVAS, Visual Analog Scale.
SU-E-T-705: Skin Dosimetry Comparisons of CyberKnife and Tomotherapy for Head-And-Neck Stereotatic Body Radiotherapy

Purpose: To perform a comparative evaluation of the skin dose in CyberKnife and Tomotherapy to predict an accurate dose in head-and-neck SBRT. Methods: Arbitrarily-defined planning target volume (PTV) near the skin was drawn on planning CT acquired from an anthropomorphic head-and-neck phantom that is used to perform the end-to-end test in CyberKnife. Calculation doses were obtained from Multiplan treatment planning system (TPS) using ray-tracing and monte-carlo (MC) algorithms for CyberKnife. For Tomotherapy, the skin dose was estimated with convolution superposition (CS) algorithm from Volo TPS. We selected 90% coverage of PTV in 3Gy prescription dose. We compared skin doses near target and at 5 cm far from the target. Optically-stimulated luminescent dosimeter (OSLD) measurements of radiation dose to the skin over the head-and-neck were made during PTV delivery in CyberKnife and Tomotherapy. Individually-calibrated OSLDs were placed on the surface of the phantom at a number of test positions. The measurement doses were compared with surface doses calculated from ray-tracing, MC and CS algorithms. Results: The calculated skin doses near target were estimated to be 78∼93% in ray-tracing, 50∼68% in MC and 78∼97% in CS. Skin doses near target were measured to be 54∼81% of the prescription dose in CyberKnife and to be 89∼104% of the target dose in Tomotherapy. The averaging differences between calculation and measurement values at the skin near target and at 5cm far from the target were 4.7%, 3.3%, and 4.8% in ray-tracing, MC, and CS, respectively. Conclusion: We verified the skin dose comparisons based on three algorithms used in Cyberknife and Tomotherapy. By the measurement values using OSLD, we found that skin dose could be minimized in CyberKnife compared to using Tomotherapy, which lead to a lower skin dose in head-and-neck SBRT. In the aspect of correlation between measured and calculated doses, MC was superior to ray-tracing and CS
Psoriasis associated with anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: a new series and a review of 120 cases from the literature.

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34: 1318–1327 Summary Background Anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) antibodies are used to treat both psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease. The seemingly paradoxical occurrence of psoriasis in patients treated with anti-TNF antibodies is increasingly recognised, but the distinct features associated with inflammatory bowel disease have been incompletely characterised. Aim To identify inflammatory bowel disease patients who developed psoriasis while receiving an anti-TNF antibody at two academic medical centres between 2000 and 2009 and review all published cases of this phenomenon in inflammatory bowel disease. Methods We identified retrospectively all cases of anti-TNF-induced psoriasis in inflammatory bowel disease patients attending two North American healthcare centres. We analysed these cases alongside the published reports of anti-TNF-induced psoriasis. Results We identified 30 subjects who developed a psoriatic rash while receiving anti-TNF therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. Forty-seven per cent (14/30) responded to topical therapy and 23% (7/30) ultimately discontinued the anti-TNF. The new data were combined with those from 120 published cases of anti-TNF-induced psoriasis in inflammatory bowel disease. Anti-TNF-induced psoriasis in inflammatory bowel disease was more common in women (70%). The most common distributions were palmoplantar (43%) and scalp (42%). Complete follow-up in 148 cases showed that 41% responded to topical therapy but 43% required definitive withdrawal of anti-TNF therapy due to the rash. A second anti-TNF was tried in 27 cases with recurrence or persistence of the rash in 14 (52%). Conclusions In this analysis, psoriasiform lesions related to anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease occurred most commonly in women. Approximately 41% of those who developed psoriasis while on anti-TNFs responded to topical therapy and were able to continue the drug, while 52% of those treated with an alternate anti-TNF had recurrence of the rash.
McWilliams v. Lungren, or Federal Government v. State Government: A Look at the Jurisdiction of Both

I will mediate both sides of the question of jurisdiction between the states and the federal government. I will cite specific cases in which this issue is directly, or indirectly, a factor. I will discuss in length the specific case of Peter McWilliams v. Dan Lungren, in which jurisdiction of federal law directly challenges the jurisdiction of state law.
Why do I Teach Restorative Justice to Law Students

As a former general jurisdiction trial court judge and Wisconsin Supreme Court Justice, I observed how lawyers who were good empathetic listeners and creative problem solvers best represented their clients’ interests by guiding them to peaceful resolutions of their disputes. While sitting in criminal court for nine years, I experienced both the successes of our criminal justice system as well as its failures in bringing restoration to victims and communities harmed by crime. I see the practice of restorative justice processes as a means to address those failures through the guidance of professionals who understand how best to address the needs of those who have been harmed. As a legal educator, I know that the best way for future lawyers to learn about serving their clients, particularly the disadvantaged, is for them to listen to and to collaborate with others in working toward creating processes and programs that truly address issues of justice and equality through addressing peoples’ interests and needs. As Professor Umbreit points out in his article, over the last thirty years the restorative justice movement has grown to become an integral part of many American criminal justice systems. Additionally, restorative processes are increasingly being utilized to address more than everyday criminal law issues. Around the world, countries are turning to similar techniques to address those political, religious, and cultural conflicts that harm both individuals and communities. In many different contexts, leaders are revisiting very old peacemaking and restorative practices used by indigenous people to increase respectful
Gabe’s Stories: Intersecting Spirituality with Speech-Related (Dis)ability

This one-year multicultural feminist critical narrative inquiry focuses on how one Puerto Rican/Black working class male draws on his spirituality to negotiate his speech-related (dis)ability. By utilizing multiple qualitative methods, the researcher and child-co-researcher illuminate how he draws on his agencies and intersecting identities to negotiate teaching people lessons, teasing, and language differences. This paper highlights the abilities of children to name their spiritualities and to tell stories that clearly illustrate the intersections of spiritualities and (dis)abilities. It serves to expand constructions of children as knowledge producers, agents, teachers, justice seekers, and shapers of learning environments. Understanding children’s negotiations of interpersonal school structures has the potential to create more equitable structures that affirm the identities, increase academic success, and support the agencies of children who are marginalized across the intersecting identities. Key Words: Speech-Related Disabilities, Urban, Spirituality, Education, Narrative Inquiry
Conceptual design of the BPX instrumentation and control system

Attention is given to the Burning Plasma Experiment (BPX) instrumentation and control system, which provides supervision, remote control, monitoring, data acquisition, and data handling for BPX subsystems. Researchers located at the BPX site and other universities/laboratories will have access to the facility in support of the remote operation, physics planning, analysis, and coordination of experimental objectives for BPX. BPX instrumentation and control (I&C) must support two types of subsystems: engineering-like secure systems and physics-like flexible systems. Consideration is given to the BPX I&C system requirements and system design, and to future plans. >
Explaining object-based deficits in unilateral neglect without object-based frames of reference.

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the object-based attentional effects that can be obtained without object-based frames of reference. Determining which reference frame or frames are used by the brain to encode visual features is a key step to understanding the mechanisms of visual cognition, most importantly object recognition. The chapter discusses the behavioral experiments that have been designed to dissociate various reference frames and determine the contribution of each to neglect. In several experiments, patients show a deficit in attentional allocation that depends not merely on the location of an object with respect to the viewer, but on the extent, shape or movement of the object itself. From this finding of object-based attentional effects, the inference is often made that, attentional allocation operates in an object-based frame of reference, and consequently, object-based representations are key to visual information processing. It is concluded that this inference is not logically necessary, object-based attentional effects can be obtained without object based reference frames.
Aqueous humor in primary open-angle glaucoma contains an increased level of CD44S.

PURPOSE. To determine whether the cell adhesion molecule CD44, the principal receptor of hyaluronan, is altered in the aqueous humor and the anterior segment of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS. The trabecular meshwork (TM), iris, ciliary body, and sclera of POAG and age-matched control eyes preserved in ethanol were microdissected and subjected to 1% Triton X-100 solubilization at 4°C. Western blot analysis was performed using monoclonal antibodies that recognize either CD44H (hematopoietic; extracellular domain) or CD44S (soluble ectodomain). The concentration of soluble CD44S in aqueous and microdissected tissues was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS. ELISA of soluble CD44S of aqueous from eyes of patients with POAG indicated that the concentration of soluble CD44S is increased in comparison with that of aqueous from normal eyes (P , 0.0003). Western blot analysis and densitometry of POAG iris and ciliary body revealed a statistically significant increase in the Triton X-100 extraction of CD44H. The predominant increases were in the 180-kDa (P , 0.001) and the 85-kDa (P , 0.001) forms. ELISA of soluble CD44S indicated that the concentration is statistically decreased in iris (P , 0.05), ciliary body (P , 0.001), and TM (P , 0.005) of POAG eyes. CONCLUSIONS. Increased amounts of soluble CD44S in POAG aqueous and Triton X-100 ‐solubilized CD44H characterized POAG in the iris and ciliary body. These soluble CD44 isoforms may influence the activity of the transmembrane CD44H by acting as inhibitors of CD44H and, thereby, adversely influence the cell survival of TM and retinal ganglion cells in POAG. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002;43:133‐139)
A Supervenient Trinity: An Alternative to Latin and Social Trinitarian Theories†

The Latin Trinity (LT) and the Social Trinity (ST) represent the two dominant approaches for interpreting the doctrine of the Trinity in contemporary philosophical theology. Both approaches have consequences for Christian theology, however, and I believe that neither sufficiently overcomes the charges of modalism or tritheism, respectively. Moreover, the charge of the overall logical incoherency of the doctrine of the Trinity remains a viable criticism. In order to defend the doctrine of the Trinity against charges of incoherency, while avoiding the modalistic and tritheistic leanings of the LT and ST models, I argue that the unitary nature of God-as-three-hypostases is best understood in terms of a relationship of supervenience between the revelation of (1) Deut. 6:4 and (2) the Gospel of John. The Hypostases of the Trinity supervene on the unitary identity of God insofar as to be ‘God’ is to entail the perichoretic relationship of unbegottenness, begottenness, and spiratation (procession). The Supervenient Trinity (SvT), as an analogical model, provides a way to understand God as (1) and (2) that better avoids the modalist and tritheistic difficulties raised by the LT and the ST approaches.
The legacy of crossdressing in tanci: On A Histoire of Heroic Women and Men

This essay studies a tanci work, A Histoire of Heroic Women and Men (1905), as a case which reflects the intersecting themes of crossdressing, gender representation and the literary form of tanci. Written tanci, appropriated and redeveloped by educated women to tell stories of female crossdressers, scholars, and military leaders, offers a meaningful intervention in the dominant social and cultural discourses of womanhood in late imperial China. In the fictional realm, women’s acts of crossdressing transcend the Confucian ideological prescriptions of feminine identity, displaying their heroic efforts to pursue autonomy in a patriarchal culture. This essay will analyze how these examples of crossdressing interact with and modify current critical accounts of gender and sexuality. A Histoire, in particular, holds a place of prominence in late imperial Chinese literature because of its revelation of the troubled relationship between gender construction, narrative agency, and women’s identity. The text manifestly destabilizes conventional attitudes toward gendered identity, yet simultaneously exposes the social and practical challenges of such temporary and often imagined transgressions, which are exercised by incarcerating the feminine and borrowing the male subjective position through transvestite performance.
The Supreme Intercostal Artery in its Most Rudimentary Form Does Not Branch Off Any Intercostal Arteries

An article recently published in the Anatomical Record clarified the morphology of the supreme intercostal artery (SIA), validating in particular the intersegmental artery (ISA) nomenclature proposed by Dorcas Padget’s in 1954 (Padget, 1954; Gailloud, 2014). While it is generally believed that the SIA is formed by the first thoracic ISA (T1) and, in most instances, the second one (T2) as well, that article emphasized that the fundamental component of the SIA was in fact the last cervical ISA (C7). The author even suggested that, in its simplest form, the SIA should only include the last cervical ISA, admitting, however, having never encountered this hypothetical configuration (Gailloud, 2014). The purpose of this
Nigral Dopamine Neurons: Intracellular Recording and Identification with L-Dopa Injection and Histofluorescence

Intracellular recordings in vivo were obtained from dopamine-containing neurons of the rat substantia nigra. These neurons were identified electrophysiologically by antidromic activation and histochemically by L-dopa injection and subsequent fluorescence histochemistry. Extracellular spikes and antidromic conduction velocity of the neurons were identical to those previously described for putative dopaminergic neurons. Spontaneous intracellular fast potentials, slow depolarizations during burst firing, and spike prepotentials were observed.
Social Integration and Mental Health of the Aged

This research examines the effects of social integration along with health, age, marital status, and SES on mental health among 1727 urban elderly. Utilizing a path model these variables accounted for 38% of the variance in mental health. In addition to physical health, which had a strong independent effect, both the availability of social resources and their perceived adequacy made significant independent contributions. Social interaction, however, was found to make an insignificant contribution to the explanation of mental health.
Human and Organization Factors (HOF) in Design, Construction, and Operation of Offshore Platforms

Experience has amply demonstrated that Human and Organization Factors (HOF) play important roles in determining the quality and reliability of marine structures. This paper addresses HOF in the contexts of approaches, assessments, and general guides that are intended to help improve the quality, safety, and reliability of offshore platforms. These elements are intended to primarily address potentially critical situations involving HOF that can lead to major degradations in the quality of offshore platforms.