cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
1464 Medical Radiation Exposure in Children Diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia From 1995–2010: A Single Institution Study

Objective This retrospective study examines a cohort of children diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, examining exposure to medical radiation pre-conception, pre-natal or in early childhood. Exposure is documented through family interview. The study encompasses children diagnosed with A.L.L. and treated at the Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh over a fifteen year period. Background Early exposure to medical radiation is one of the identified risks for childhood leukemias but documentation is difficult and mostly lacking in the United States experience. The author of this study developed a questionnaire that examines radiation exposures in either parent of to the child later diagnosed. Methods Each family who was consented to be interviewed completed a five page questionnaire at clinic visit, through phone or mail. Whenever possible both parents were interviewed. Results To date the author has been able to interview about 70% of children diagnosed from 2005–2010 however the interview rate for the period 1990–2005 is approximately at 5%. Among the families interviewed at least one exposure was commonly documented. Conclusions Exposure to medical radiation for a child later diagnosed with A.L.L. may at occur at several critical junctures. Chest or sinus x-rays or CT of a parent pre-conception, particularly repeated scans have the possibility of DNA damage. Early childhood exposure through the diagnostic process (ruling out infection or trauma) may well contribute to this “perfect storm” in the still elusive causes of childhood A.L.L.
Airborne formaldehyde measurements during TexAQS 2006 using a difference frequency laser based absorption spectrometer

We present the airborne application of a difference frequency laser based absorption spectrometer, discuss important instrument functions and requirements, present examples of airborne measurements and its preliminary interpretation toward understanding the pollution over Houston, Texas.
Jealousy and Romantic Love: A Longitudinal Study:

In this study subjects' 1978 Interpersonal Jealousy Scale scores predicted whether they had married their 1978 dating partners by 1985. Jealousy apparently preserves and promotes love.
Musical intervention enhances infants' neural processing of temporal structure in music and speech

Individuals with music training in early childhood show enhanced processing of musical sounds, an effect that generalizes to speech processing. However, the conclusions drawn from previous studies are limited due to the possible confounds of predisposition and other factors affecting musicians and nonmusicians. We used a randomized design to test the effects of a laboratory-controlled music intervention on young infants' neural processing of music and speech. Nine-month-old infants were randomly assigned to music (intervention) or play (control) activities for 12 sessions. The intervention targeted temporal structure learning using triple meter in music (e.g., waltz), which is difficult for infants, and it incorporated key characteristics of typical infant music classes to maximize learning (e.g., multimodal, social, and repetitive experiences). Controls had similar multimodal, social, repetitive play, but without music. Upon completion, infants' neural processing of temporal structure was tested in both music (tones in triple meter) and speech (foreign syllable structure). Infants' neural processing was quantified by the mismatch response (MMR) measured with a traditional oddball paradigm using magnetoencephalography (MEG). The intervention group exhibited significantly larger MMRs in response to music temporal structure violations in both auditory and prefrontal cortical regions. Identical results were obtained for temporal structure changes in speech. The intervention thus enhanced temporal structure processing not only in music, but also in speech, at 9 mo of age. We argue that the intervention enhanced infants' ability to extract temporal structure information and to predict future events in time, a skill affecting both music and speech processing.
Risk Factors and Timing of Early Stricture Recurrence After Urethroplasty

Objective To compare recurrence after urethroplasty, identifying associated risk factors for early recurrence. Materials and Methods Among 262 urethroplasties (2001-2010) with ≥6 months of follow-up, we identified 65 patients (24.8%) with recurrence (defined by obstruction in the area of repair on cystoscopy). Results Median stricture length was 4.5 cm (range 1-24 cm). Median follow-up was 85.2 (6.7-160.1) months, with median time to recurrence of 8.0 (0.5-88.0) months. Substitution urethroplasty was the most frequent repair (70.8%), followed by excision and primary anastomosis (23.1%). When graft was used, buccal was most common (66.0%), followed by abdominal wall skin (AWS) (24.5%). Twenty-one percent of recurrences presented within 3 months, 40.0% by 6 months, 55.4% by 1 year, whereas 9.2% recurred more than 5 years later. Recurrences ≤6 months were significantly longer strictures (median 5.5 cm vs 4.0 cm, P = .009). Strictures ≤4 cm, ≤3 cm, and ≤2 cm recurred at a median of 10.6, 18.2, and 30.3 months, respectively ( P = .08). Most lichen sclerosis (LS)-related recurrences occurred within 6 months (62%). Patients recurring within 6 months were older, had history of LS, or more likely had AWS. Forty percent suffered from multiple recurrences at a median of 12 months and were associated with longer stricture, prior instrumentation, substitution urethroplasty, AWS, and LS. Conclusion Half of recurrences following urethroplasty present within one year, with most declaring within 6 months. Early recurrence is associated with older age, LS, AWS and longer strictures. The duration and intensity of surveillance protocols following urethroplasty should be individualized in order to account for these characteristics.
Association between Mismatch Repair Gene Expression and Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Huaian

BACKGROUND AND AIM:To determine whether the mRNA expressions of hMLH1 and hMSH2 genes involved in mismatch repair are associated with the risk of ESCC.MATERIALS AND METHODS:112 patients with newly diagnosed,untreated ESCC were recruited in Huai'an county.Esophageal cancer tissues and tissues adjacent to the tumors were collected to determine the mRNA levels of hMLH1 and hMSH2 genes by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR using SYBR Green I with β-actin as an internal control.t-test and logistical regression analysis were used to test the differences of gene expression between cancer tissues and tissues adjacent to the tumors.RESULTS:Compared with tissues adjacent to the tumors,the relative expression level of hMSH2 was significantly lower in esophageal cancer tissues(P=0.010,t-test).The conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the increased risk for esophageal cancer was significantly associated with decreased expression of hMSH2(OR=1.311,95% CI:1.075～1.599).CONCLUSION:Reduced expression of hMSH2 was significantly associated with risk for ESCC,suggesting this might be important for the early progression of ESCC in Huaian of China.
Forms and Themes

Virginia Woolf’s speculations about a ‘woman’s sentence’ or Helene Cixous’s descriptions of l’ecriture feminine constitute only one area of enquiry into the possible specificity of women’s novels. The use of distinctly feminine themes is another obvious possibility. The mixing of traditional types of novel as they have been defined by a predominantly male literary theory is still another. Could comments about female/male perception of time (linear or cyclical), or about a vision/touch dichotomy be relevant to the structure, the imagery, the narrative point of view, the characterisations of the woman’s novel, if such a thing exists? If the theoretical writing of most French feminist critics has tended to explore style, English-language critics have more often studied questions of theme and form.1
β-blocker dosage and outcomes after acute coronary syndrome.

Background Although β-blockers increase survival in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, the doses used in trials were higher than doses used in practice, and recent data do not support an advantage of higher doses. We hypothesized that rates of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and stroke are equivalent for patients on low-dose and high-dose β-blocker. Methods Patients admitted to Intermountain Healthcare with ACS and diagnosed with ≥70% coronary stenosis between 1994 and 2013 were studied (N = 7,834). We classified low dose as ≤25% and high dose as ≥50% of an equivalent daily dose of 200 mg of metoprolol. Multivariate analyses were used to test association between low-dose versus high-dose β-blocker dosage and MACE at 0-6 months and 6-24 months. Results A total of 5,287 ACS subjects were discharged on β-blockers (87% low dose, 12% high dose, and 1% intermediate dose). The 6-month MACE outcomes rates for the β-blocker dosage (low versus high) were not equivalent ( P = .18) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.52-1.10). However, subjects on low-dose β-blocker therapy did have a significantly decreased risk of myocardial infarction for 0-6 months (HR = 0.53; 95% CI, 0.33-0.86). The rates of MACE events during the 6-24 months after presentation with ACS were equivalent for the 2 doses ( P = .009; HR=1.03 [95% CI, 0.70-1.50]). Conclusions In ACS patients, rates of MACE for high-dose and low-dose β-blocker doses are similar. These findings question the importance of achieving a high dose of β-blocker in ACS patients and highlight the need for further investigation of this clinical question.
Does drug‐induced sleep endoscopy predict surgical success in transoral robotic multilevel surgery in obstructive sleep apnea?

Objectives/Hypothesis The aim of this study was to determine if drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) was predictive of success for patients undergoing transoral robotic surgery (TORS) and multilevel procedures for sleep apnea. Study Design Retrospective case series of patients who underwent TORS surgery for sleep apnea Methods Before and after polysomnograms were analyzed to assess improvement, success, and cure. Improvement was defined as any decrease in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), success as an AHI 50%, and cure as an AHI <5. DISE videos were scored using the NOHL (nose, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx) and VOTE (velum, oropharynx, tongue, epiglottis) classification systems. Results One hundred one patients were available for analysis. Eighty-seven percent of patients had an improvement in their AHI. Fifty-one percent met criteria for success, whereas 17% were cured. The degree of collapse at individual NOHL and VOTE subsites as well as total additive scores did not predict improvement, success, or cure. Patients with no oropharyngeal lateral collapse in the VOTE classification system were more likely to improve following surgery (P = .001); however, this effect did not hold for success or cure. Multivariate analysis of DISE variables was not predictive of success. Conclusions In obstructive sleep apnea patients, there is a 51% success rate and a 17% cure rate. DISE, as scored by the NOHL and VOTE system, did not readily identify patients who would benefit most from surgery. Patients with lateral oropharyngeal collapse may be poorer candidates. Prospective, larger studies are required to further evaluate the use of DISE in predicting success following TORS. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 2016
Rare copy number variants in a population-based investigation of hypoplastic right heart syndrome

Background Hypoplastic right heart syndrome (HRHS) is a rare congenital defect characterized by underdevelopment of the right heart structures commonly accompanied by an atrial septal defect. Familial HRHS reports suggest genetic factor involvement. We examined the role of copy number variants (CNVs) in HRHS. Methods We genotyped 32 HRHS cases identified from all New York State live births (1998–2005) using Illumina HumanOmni2.5 microarrays. CNVs were called with PennCNV and prioritized if they were ≥20 Kb, contained ≥10 SNPs and had minimal overlap with CNVs from in-house controls, the Database of Genomic Variants, HapMap3, and Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia database. Results We identified 28 CNVs in 17 cases; several encompassed genes important for right heart development. One case had a 2p16-2p23 duplication spanning LBH, a limb and heart development transcription factor. Lbh mis-expression results in right ventricular hypoplasia and pulmonary valve defects. This duplication also encompassed SOS1, a factor associated with pulmonary valve stenosis in Noonan syndrome. Sos1−/− mice display thin and poorly trabeculated ventricles. In another case, we identified a 1.5 Mb deletion associated with Williams-Beuren syndrome, a disorder that includes valvular malformations. A third case had a 24 Kb deletion upstream of the TGFβ ligand ITGB8. Embryos genetically null for Itgb8, and its intracellular interactant Band 4.1B, display lethal cardiac phenotypes. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study of CNVs in HRHS. We identified several rare CNVs that overlap genes related to right ventricular wall and valve development, suggesting that genetics plays a role in HRHS and providing clues for further investigation. Birth Defects Research 109:16–26, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Estimating the Efficiency of Therapy Groups in a College Counseling Center

ABSTRACTCollege counseling centers are facing rapidly increasing demands for services and are tasked to find efficient ways of providing adequate services while managing limited space. The use of therapy groups has been proposed as a method of managing demand. This brief report examines the clinical time savings of a traditional group therapy program in a college counseling center. The savings were mixed from semester to semester, ranging from 5 individual therapy spots lost to 10 individual therapy spots gained depending on the estimation. Considerations are offered for the use of therapy groups to manage clinical demand based on this report.
Hearing their voices: Asian American college students’ perspectives on sport and physical education

Although Asian Americans are the fastest growing minority in the USA with over 18 million in population, and have a long history, they remain underrepresented in sport and physical education. As we...
Development of regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces for motor control of neuroprosthetic devices

Traumatic peripheral nerve injuries suffered during amputation commonly results in debilitating neuropathic pain in the affected limb. Modern prosthetic technologies allow for intuitive, simultaneous control of multiple degrees of freedom. However, these state-of-the-art devices require separate, independent control signals for each degree of freedom, which is currently not possible. As a result, amputees reject up to 75% of myoelectric devices preferring instead to use body-powered artificial limbs which offer subtle sensory feedback. Without meaningful and intuitive sensory feedback, even the most advanced myoelectric prostheses remain insensate, burdensome, and are associated with enormous cognitive demand and mental fatigue. The ideal prosthetic device is one which is capable of providing intuitive somatosensory feedback essential for interaction with the environment. Critical to the design of such a bioprosthetic device is the development of a reliable biologic interface between human and machine. This ideal patient-prosthetic interface allows for transmission of both afferent somatosensory information and efferent motor signals for a closed-loop feedback system of neural control. Our lab has developed the Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface (RPNI) as a biologic nerve interface designed for stable integration of a prosthetic device with transected peripheral nerves in a residual limb. The RPNI is constructed by surgically implanting the distal end of a transected peripheral nerve into an autogenous muscle graft. Animal experiments in our lab have shown recording of motor signals from RPNI’s implanted into both rodents and monkeys. Here, we achieve high amplitude EMG signals with a high signal to noise (SNR) ratio.
The Use of Stochastic Concepts in Modelling Fracture Flow

In recent years, quite a number of discrete fracture network models have been developed to represent fracture flow. In general, the dimension, orientation, and flow properties of each fracture are treated randomly and, through Monte Carlo simulations, realizations of a possible portion of the fractured medium with the same statistical properties as the observed ones are generated and analyzed.
Convergence analysis for second‐order accurate schemes for the periodic nonlocal Allen‐Cahn and Cahn‐Hilliard equations

In this paper, we provide a detailed convergence analysis for fully discrete second-order (in both time and space) numerical schemes for nonlocal Allen-Cahn and nonlocal Cahn-Hilliard equations. The unconditional unique solvability and energy stability ensures l4 stability. The convergence analysis for the nonlocal Allen-Cahn equation follows the standard procedure of consistency and stability estimate for the numerical error function. For the nonlocal Cahn-Hilliard equation, because of the complicated form of the nonlinear term, a careful expansion of its discrete gradient is undertaken, and an H−1 inner-product estimate of this nonlinear numerical error is derived to establish convergence. In addition, an a priori W1,∞ bound of the numerical solution at the discrete level is needed in the error estimate. Such a bound can be obtained by performing a higher order consistency analysis by using asymptotic expansions for the numerical solution. Following the technique originally proposed by Strang (eg, 1964), instead of the standard comparison between the exact and numerical solutions, an error estimate between the numerical solution and the constructed approximate solution yields an O(s3+h4) convergence in l∞(0,T;l2) norm, in which s and h denote the time step and spatial mesh sizes, respectively. This in turn leads to the necessary bound under a standard constraint s≤Ch. Here, we also prove convergence of the scheme in the maximum norm under the same constraint.
Probability as a Pragmatic Necessity: Subjective or Personal Probability

The relative-frequency, complexity, classical, and logical interpretations of probability are primarily concerned with knowledge and inference. None of these interpretations lend themselves to a ready justification for the use of probability to guide behavior or to facilitate decision making. Nor are these interpretations sufficient to direct the use of probability in decision-making; they require extensive supplementation by ad hoc statistical principles. The necessity for a concept of probability in some forms of rational decision making does not by itself interpret probability. This chapter presents some approaches that show that the interpretation of probability is related to the interpretation presumed for a preference pattern between decisions. The chapter also provides an overview of the fundamentals of utility theory that serve to introduce several approaches to rational decision making and subjective probability.
Trap Nesting Wasps and Bees in Agriculture: A Comparison of Sown Wildflower and Fallow Plots in Florida

Wildflower strip plantings in intensive agricultural systems have become a widespread tool for promoting pollination services and biological conservation because of their use by wasps and bees. Many of the trap-nesting wasps are important predators of common crop pests, and cavity-nesting bees that utilize trap-nests are important pollinators for native plants and many crops. The impact of wildflower strips on the nesting frequency of trap-nesting wasps or bees within localized areas has not been thoroughly investigated. Trap-nests made of bamboo reeds (Bambusa sp.) were placed adjacent to eight 0.1 ha wildflower plots and paired fallow areas (control plots) to determine if wildflower strips encourage the nesting of wasps and bees. From August 2014 to November 2015, occupied reeds were gathered and adults were collected as they emerged from the trap-nests. Treatment (wildflower or fallow plots) did not impact the number of occupied reeds or species richness of trap-nesting wasps using the occupied reeds. The wasps Pachodynerus erynnis, Euodynerus megaera, Parancistrocerus pedestris, and Isodontia spp. were the most common trap-nesting species collected. Less than 2% of the occupied reeds contained bees, and all were from the genus Megachile. The nesting wasp and bee species demonstrated preferences for reeds with certain inside diameters (IDs). The narrow range of ID preferences exhibited by each bee/wasp may provide opportunities to take advantage of their natural histories for biological control and/or pollination purposes.
Glass light pipes for solar concentration

Glass waveguides are fabricated using laser processing techniques that have low optical loss with >90% optical throughput. Advanced light pipes are demonstrated, including angled facets for turning mirrors used for lens-to-light pipe coupling, tapers that increase the concentration, and couplers for combining the outputs from multiple lens array elements. Because they are fabricated from glass, these light pipes can support large optical concentrations and propagate broadband solar over long distances with minimal loss and degradation compared to polymer waveguides. Applications include waveguiding solar concentrators using multi-junction PV cells, solar thermal applications and remoting solar energy, such as for daylighting. Ray trace simulations are used to estimate the surface smoothness required to achieve low loss. Optical measurements for fabricated light pipes are reported for use in waveguiding solar concentrator architectures.
Surgical Treatment of Posteromedial Talus Fractures: Technique Description and Results of 10 Cases.

Background: The aim of this study is to describe a surgical technique for successful treatment of posteromedial talar body fractures and establish treatment recommendations for fractures of the posterior aspect of the talus. Materials and Methods: Ten patients treated operatively for a posteromedial talar body fractures entering both the subtalar and ankle articulations with a minimum of 1-year followup were identified from a trauma database. Age, mechanism of injury, associated injuries, time to surgery, complications, the range of motion, secondary procedures, and need for arthrodesis were evaluated. Results: Followup averaged 4.8 years (1–10). Eight of ten patients had high-energy mechanisms of injury. Six patients had associated medial subtalar dislocations with two open. Associated injuries were common. No surgical complications occurred. The range of motion was present but decreased. No arthrodesis procedures were performed. Conclusions: Operative fixation of posteromedial talus fractures with the described surgical technique resulted in acceptable outcomes in this series of patients with improved outcomes when compared to prior reports in the literature.
Cross sectional association of arsenic and seroprevalence of hepatitis B infection in the United States (NHANES 2003-2014).

Abstract Background Arsenic alters immunological parameters including antibody formation and antigen-driven T-cell proliferation. Objective We evaluated the cross-sectional relationship between urinary arsenic and the seroprevalence of hepatitis B (HBV) infection in the United States using data from six pooled cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003–2014, N = 12,447). Methods Using serological data, participants were classified as susceptible, immune due to vaccination, or immune due to past natural infection. We used multinomial logistic regression to evaluate the association between urinary DMA and HBV classification. A sensitivity analysis using total urinary arsenic (TUA) was also conducted. Both DMA and TUA were adjusted for arsenobetaine using a residual regression method Results A 1-unit increase in the natural logarithm (ln) of DMA was associated with 40% greater adjusted odds of having immunity due to natural infection compared to being susceptible (Odds Ratio [aOR]: 1.40, 95% Confidence Intervals [CI] 1.15, 1.69), 65% greater odds of having immunity due to a natural infection (aOR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.04) and 18% greater odds of being susceptible (aOR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.33) compared to being immune due to vaccination after adjusting for creatinine, age, sex, race, income, country of birth, BMI, survey cycle, serum cotinine, recent seafood intake, and self-reported HBV immunization status. Conclusion In the U.S. general public, higher urinary arsenic levels were associated with a greater odds of having a serological classification consistent with a past natural hepatitis B infection after adjusting for other risk factors. Additionally, higher urinary arsenic levels were linked to a greater odds of not receiving hepatitis B vaccinations. Given the cross-sectional nature of this analysis, more research is needed to test the hypothesis that environmentally relevant exposure to arsenic modulates host susceptibility to hepatitis B virus.
The Cube Duplication by Abū Ja c far in the Manner of Nicomedes

The text of the cube duplication by Abū Jacfar (here denoted as F) is taken from Bibl. nat. ms. arab. (Slane) 2457, no. 47 (f. 198v–199r). As the author asserts, the construction in its opening section is based on the method of Nicomedes, as reported by Eutocius; the latter had already been rendered into Arabic by Thabit ibn Qurra, as part of his translation of Archimedes’ Sphere and Cylinder and Eutocius’ commentary on that work. For comparison’s sake, I insert after this section of Abū Jacfar’s text the analogous portions of Eutocius’ text, first in the version of Thābit (taken from Escorial ms. 960, f. 30r–31r; denoted here as F2), then directly from the Greek (Arehimedis Opera, ed. Heiberg, III, pp. 104–106; denoted as F3). In the following section of his text, Abū Jacfar shows how a method via hyperbola effects the neusis that Nicomedes works out via the conchoid; this may be compared with the auxiliary conic construction introduced in the angle trisections by Pappus and Thābit (see chaps. B and C). Abū Jacfar closes with the demonstration of the cube duplication; I here display this in parallel with the comparable portion of the Arabic version of Eutocius (F2), differing in only trivial respects from the Greek (F3).
High-throughput transient thermal interface testing method using time-domain thermal response

Abstract In the field of thermal interface testing, the one-dimensional (1D) reference bar method has been the most popular and trusted among many available techniques. However, this steady-state method has several drawbacks, including low test speed and inability to capture dynamic response. In this paper, we report a high-throughput transient method that can be used in concert with the traditional 1D reference bar setup without hardware modifications. Instead of waiting for steady-state conditions, the method requires only an arbitrary segment of the transient thermal response in the time domain. The transient thermal model and data fitting algorithm are presented. Radiation heat loss and temperature-dependent thermophysical properties are incorporated in the model to improve high-temperature accuracy. The measurement uncertainty is quantified numerically, and the criteria for choosing the input segment are discussed. The effects of the TIM (thermal interface material) heat capacity are also investigated, and reveal that in most practical cases, the measurement result is not sensitive to the heat capacity of the TIM. In the end, we demonstrate this method on a commercial TIM sample over a wide temperature range (room temperature to 400 °C) and show that the results are comparable to those obtained from a steady-state method but with drastically reduced testing time.
Bayesian Discriminant Analysis Using a High Dimensional Predictor

We consider the problem of Bayesian discriminant analysis using a high dimensional predictor. In this setting, the underlying precision matrices can be estimated with reasonable accuracy only if some appropriate additional structure like sparsity is assumed. We induce a prior on the precision matrix through a sparse prior on its Cholesky decomposition. For computational ease, we use shrinkage priors to induce sparsity on the off-diagonal entries of the Cholesky decomposition matrix and exploit certain conditional conjugacy structure. We obtain the contraction rate of the posterior distribution for the mean and the precision matrix respectively using the Euclidean and the Frobenius distance, and show that under some milder restriction on the growth of the dimension, the misclassification probability of the Bayesian classification procedure converges to that of the oracle classifier for both linear and quadratic discriminant analysis. Extensive simulations show that the proposed Bayesian methods perform very well. An application to identify cancerous breast tumorbased on image data obtained using find needle aspirate is considered.
Supporting collegiate foster youth and alumni: A mixed-method planning approach for higher education.

Abstract Despite the proliferation, of on-campus academic support programs for foster youth and alumni (e.g., those formerly in foster care), few conceptual frameworks for developing these programs exist. This study employed Group Concept Mapping (GCM) methodology to delineate a conceptual framework, from the perspective of foster youth and alumni (N = 51), for the development of on-campus support initiatives. GCM is an integrated mixed-method research method that uses non-metric multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analyses, to analyze qualitative data (e.g., statement form) collected during brainstorming sessions. This research was guided by two separate queries: (1) How do foster youth/alumni conceptualize support programs to support foster youth/alumni through to degree completion; and, (2) Is there a difference in priority areas of this conceptualization between current college students, and those who have dropped out of college within the last 18 months? Analyses revealed that participants conceptualized on-campus support programs via an eight-cluster solution, including Campus Awareness, Advocacy, Data Tracking, Pre-College Supports, Fostering Family Connections, Academic Financing, Campus Life, and Peer/Mentor Supports clusters. Additionally, analyses revealed significant priority ratings between areas of this conceptualization. In terms of Importance to academic success, current students rated statements in the Academic Financing and Peer/Mentor Supports clusters significantly lower than did non-students. For Feasibility, current students viewed statements in the Data Tracking, Campus Life, and Peer/Mentor Supports clusters as significantly more feasible than non-students. Pragmatic implications derived from these findings include fostering inclusive campus environments for foster youth/alumni and advocacy undertakings by institutions, on behalf of this population.
Understanding temporal structure for video captioning

Recent research in convolutional and recurrent neural networks has fueled incredible advances in video understanding. We propose a video captioning framework that achieves the performance and quality necessary to be deployed in distributed surveillance systems. Our method combines an efficient hierarchical architecture with novel attention mechanisms at both the local and global levels. By shifting focus to different spatiotemporal locations, attention mechanisms correlate sequential outputs with activation maps, offering a clever way to adaptively combine multiple frames and locations of video. As soft attention mixing weights are solved via back-propagation, the number of weights or input frames needs to be known in advance. To remove this restriction, our video understanding framework combines continuous attention mechanisms over a family of Gaussian distributions. Our efficient multistream hierarchical model combines a recurrent architecture with a soft hierarchy layer using both equally spaced and dynamically localized boundary cuts. As opposed to costly volumetric attention approaches, we use video attributes to steer temporal attention. Our fully learnable end-to-end approach helps predict salient temporal regions of action/objects in the video. We demonstrate state-of-the-art captioning results on the popular MSVD, MSR-VTT and M-VAD video datasets and compare several variants of the algorithm suitable for real-time applications. By adjusting the frame rate, we show a single computer can generate effective video captions for 100 simultaneous cameras. We additionally perform studies to show how bit rate compression modifies captioning results.
Patterns of Daily Fantasy Sport Play: Tackling the Issues

Daily fantasy sports (DFS), a rapidly growing industry, allows players to create fantasy teams of real-life players and potentially win cash prizes, derived from entry fees. Some stakeholders have expressed concern that DFS’s accelerated nature and other features might promote excessive play and related harm. We conducted the first descriptive summary of actual DFS play using records from a cohort of subscribers to a dominant operator, DraftKings. Participants (N = 10,385) initially entered paid National Football League (NFL) contests. Across all participants, players entered a median of two contests per entry day and typically submitted a single entry for each contest they entered. Players paid a median of $87 in entry fees throughout the 2014 NFL season and experienced an overall median net loss of $30.7. However, we identified heavily involved sub-groups of players based on number of contests entered, total entry fees, and net loss. These top 1% groups were less likely to restrict themselves to NFL games, exhibited greater time involvement, but also won a greater percentage of the contests they entered than typical players. Our observations of typical and heavily involved players tend to mirror those generated in previous Internet sports gambling research.
Heterogeneous Integration of Light-Emitting Transistors on Silicon for Hybrid Electronic-Photonic Logic Circuitry

An array of heterogeneously integrated light-emitting transistors is fabricated after an epitaxial transfer process bonds and interconnects active III-V photonic material onto a CMOS-compatible host wafer for the purposes of establishing a photonic logic network.
Location-Aware QoE-Driven Wireless Relay Deployment for Energy Efficient Multimedia Communications

In order to support the future quickly deployable wireless multimedia services around mmWave frequency band, a location-aware multimedia relay node deployment (MRND) scheme is proposed in this paper. The self-organized MRND is capable of deploying the multimedia relay Base Station (BS) at the optimal locations in the network and apply optimal resource allocation strategy, to bridge the connections between the multimedia users and the internet gateway. The main contribution of this paper includes two folds. First, a Quality of Experience (QoE)-driven location-aware optimization algorithm of autonomous relay BS deployment scheme is proposed to achieve maximized system level QoE under energy constraints. Second, an adaptive resource allocation strategy is applied to adjust transmission data rate in conjunction to deployment optimization algorithm. Extensive simulation results in terms of the energy utilization and system QoE performance reveal the potential of the proposed self-positioning and rate allocation strategy in the MRNDs as a candidate for future multimedia communications in mmWave band.
The Epidemiology of Operative Pediatric Hand Trauma: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Background: Hand injuries are common in the pediatric population with a wide spectrum of morbidity that can occur. Simple injuries are distinguished from complex injuries by the number of fingers/s...
Level Degeneracy of the Generalized N-Particle Dual Amplitude with Satellites

We show that the level degeneracy at $\ensuremath{\alpha}(s)=n$ for the general $N$-point function with satellites is ${d}_{n}\ensuremath{\sim}{e}^{n\ensuremath{\gamma}}$ as $n\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}$ where $\ensuremath{\gamma}=1\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{(2k+1)}$, $k=1,2,\dots{}$. The form of the single loop constructed from such amplitudes is briefly discussed.
Judicial Authority under the First Step Act What Congress Conferred through Section 404

The First Step Act of 2018 promised relief to inmates serving disproportionately long sentences for cocaine base distribution. Section 404, the focus of this article, seemed straight-forward. But in the spring and summer of 2019, district judges began reviewing § 404 cases and reaching dissonant results. Appeals followed, focused on four questions of judicial authority: (1) Who may judges resentence?; (2) May judges engage in plenary resentencing or merely sentence reduction?; (3) May judges resentence all concurrent criminal convictions or only crack cocaine convictions?; and (4) Must judges adopt the operative drug quantity from the original sentencing? Today, the law of § 404 remains incomplete in every circuit. This article reviews the legislative history, text, and legal context of § 404. It finds that Congress intended broad judicial authority in § 404 resentencings.
Covid-19 and the Necroeconomy of Palestinian Labor in Israel

The situation of West Bank Palestinians working in Israel has highlighted a number of parallels with the conditions of global labor employed in essential sectors during the Covid-19 pandemic. Under...
Welfare-Maximizing Assignment of Agents to Hierarchical Positions

We consider an environment where agents must be allocated to one of three kinds of hierarchical positions with limited capacities. No monetary transfers are allowed. We assume that agents' payoffs for being assigned to medium positions are their private information, and we consider bayesian incentive-compatible direct mechanisms. We solve for utilitarian and Rawlsian welfare-maximizing rules. Interestingly, the two optimal mechanisms are implemented by Hylland and Zeckhauser (1979)'s pseudomarket mechanism with equal budgets (PM) and the Boston mechanism without priorities (BM), for a variety of cases. When the market is tough (i.e., when medium positions are overdemanded), then utilitarian optimal, Rawlsian optimal, PM, and BM assignments coincide. Otherwise, when the market is mild, PM and BM differ, and each one implements the two optimal mechanisms under different assumptions on the curvature of the payoff distribution of the medium positions. When we allow medium positions to be the favorite for some agent types, PM and BM may still be optimal in tough markets, and a bias in favor of BM rather than PM appears in mild markets.
Tobacco Product Warnings in the Mist of Vaping

Warning labels have been mandated for cigarette packages under US federal law since the mid-1960s. While the nature and specificity of warnings has evolved, there is a long-standing skepticism about the effectiveness of textual warning labels, which has spurred the global use of pictorial warnings as a deterrent mechanism. Due to commercial speech challenges, the USFDA has delayed adoption of graphic cigarette labels, and the impact of pending, newly revised graphic warnings remains a matter of uncertainty. Like other matters of smoking abatement, public health anti-tobacco initiatives are compounded by the rapid increase in e-cigarette use where currently, mandatory warnings are tepid, mirroring both lack of knowledge and regulatory inertia. This paper explores the trajectory of cigarette warning labels, using the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act of 1969 as a jumping off point for tracing the evolution of package warnings from their origin to the present. Particular consideration centers on how warning labels can be strengthened in the context of e-cigarettes through revisions to the current tobacco regulatory process.
Development of a Prone Team and Exploration of Staff Perceptions During COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: As intensive care unit bed capacity doubled because of COVID-19 cases, nursing leaders created a prone team to support labor-intensive prone positioning of patients with COVID-related acute respiratory distress syndrome. The goal of the prone team was to reduce workload on intensive care teams, standardize the proning process, mitigate pressure injuries and turning-related adverse events, and ensure prone team safety. METHODS: Staff were trained using a hybrid learning model focused on prone-positioning techniques, pressure injury prevention, and turning-related adverse events. RESULTS: No adverse events occurred to patients or members of the prone team. The prone team mitigated pressure injuries using prevention strategies. The prone team and intensive care unit staff were highly satisfied with their experience. CONCLUSION: The prone team provided support for critically ill patients, and team members reported feeling supported and empowered. Intensive care unit staff were highly satisfied with the prone team.
Dermatologic adverse events of brentuximab vedotin: Characteristics, management, and their relationship with dose regimen.

3049Background: Owing to its high efficacy and tolerability, brentuximab vedotin (BV) is increasingly being favored over other aggressive systemic therapies for the treatment of various CD30+ Hodgk...
The Strategy-Performance Relationship Revisited: The Blessing and the Curse of the Combination Strategy

This study considers the viability of the combination strategy with regard to the Porter and Miles & Snow generic strategy typologies. Within each framework, it is possible to pursue a “combination strategy,” whereby dimensions of two or more pure strategies are incorporated simultaneously. The present study presents findings from a recent assessment of perceptions of 415 American and Mexican managers regarding their firms’ strategies and levels of performance. Data suggests that combination strategies can be associated with either inferior or superior performance. This paper also suggests that additional research should consider the I/O versus resource-based schism and seek to integrate the two schools of thought into a broader consensus.
Down the Iron Path: Mitochondrial Iron Homeostasis and Beyond

Cellular iron homeostasis and mitochondrial iron homeostasis are interdependent. Mitochondria must import iron to form iron-sulfur clusters and heme, and to incorporate these cofactors along with iron ions into mitochondrial proteins that support essential functions, including cellular respiration. In turn, mitochondria supply the cell with heme and enable the biogenesis of cytosolic and nuclear proteins containing iron-sulfur clusters. Impairment in cellular or mitochondrial iron homeostasis is deleterious and can result in numerous human diseases. Due to its reactivity, iron is stored and trafficked through the body, intracellularly, and within mitochondria via carefully orchestrated processes. Here, we focus on describing the processes of and components involved in mitochondrial iron trafficking and storage, as well as mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis and heme biosynthesis. Recent findings and the most pressing topics for future research are highlighted.
A Simulation-Based Grasp Planner for Enabling Robotic Grasping during Composite Sheet Layup

Composites are increasingly becoming a material of choice in the aerospace and automotive industries. Currently, many composite parts are produced by manually laying up sheets on complex molds. Composite sheet layup requires executing two main tasks: (1) grasping a sheet and (2) draping it on the mold. Automating the layup process requires automation of these two tasks. This paper is focused on the automation of the grasping task using robots. This requires an automated generation of grasp plans to enable robots to hold the sheet during the draping process. We present a simulation-based approach for determining robot grasp locations on the composite sheets. We also present an intervention controller that uses a real-time sheet tracking system during plan execution and can prevent failures. We demonstrate the performance of the developed system using a large complex part.
An intersectional feminist food studies praxis: Activism and care in the COVID-19 context

The COVID-19 pandemic has laid bare global structural inequalities, including those involving food. Although feminist frameworks have been applied to the study of food, we have much to learn about activism and environmental education (EE). In this article, I thus develop a nascent intersectional feminist food studies praxis for the field to animate important conversations about “new” ways of thinking and doing EE research for a post-pandemic future. To begin, I describe the places where I work in eastern Los Angeles County, California. Then, I provide a brief overview of intersectionality, highlighting key components informing my work. Drawing on two and a half years of feminist participatory research focused on the activist-scholar nexus, I elucidate an intersectional feminist food studies praxis that elevates the politics of knowledge, is attuned to the affective domain, and supports transformation. To conclude, I specifically highlight how these insights can influence EE research and practice.
Specific Informational and Thermodynamical Characteristics of Homogeneous Random Fields

In this section we use the following notations: G is a countable group with the identity element e; (X, X, µ) is a σ-finite measure space; Ω A (A ⊂ G) coincides with the space X A of all X-valued functions (“configurations”) on A; Ω = Ω G ; ω A is the restriction of ω ∈ Ω to A; χAζB (A, B ⊂ G, A ∩ B = O, η, ζ ∈ Ω) is the configuration ω A∪B (∈ Ω A∪B ) with ω A = η A , ω B = ζ B ; F A is the σ-algebra in Ω generated by the cylindrical sets {ω: ω(g) ∈ B},g ∈ A, B ∈ X; F ∈ F G ; we write φ(ω A ) instead of φ (ω) if φ is F A -measurable. R 9 (g ∈ G) is the right shift (or translation) in Ω by the element g: (R g ω) = ω(fg); P is the set of all probability measures on F; P 0 is the set of all probability measures P on F which are invariant under all translations R g , i.e. satisfy the relations P(R g Λ) = P(Λ), Λ ∈ F,g ∈ G.
The Professional Obligations of Securities Brokers Under Federal Law: An Antidote for Bubbles?

The federal securities laws have professionalized the securities brokerage industry. The professional standards imposed pursuant to federal regime should operate to hold stockbrokers liable for professional malpractice similar to virtually every other profession ranging from law and medicine to landscapers and karate instructors. The efforts by courts to insulate brokers from liability create perverse incentives and will continue to destabilize financial markets.
The mapping of the Lyn kinase binding site of the common beta subunit of IL-3/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor/IL-5 receptor.

It has been shown that a membrane-proximal region within common β (βc) receptor of IL-3/granulocyte-macrophage CSF/IL-5 (amino acids 450–517) is important for Lyn binding. We have shown previously that Lyn kinase is physically associated with the IL-5R βc subunit in unstimulated cells. The result suggests that this association involves binding modules that are not activation or phosphorylation dependent. The objective of this study was to map the exact Lyn binding site on βc. Using overlapping and/or sequential peptides derived from βc 450–517, we narrowed down the Lyn binding site to nine amino acid residues, βc 457–465. The P→A mutation in this region abrogated the binding to Lyn, indicating a critical role of proline residues. We created a cell-permeable Lyn-binding peptide by N-stearation. This cell-permeable peptide blocked the association of Lyn, but not Jak2 with βc in situ. We also investigated the βc binding site of Lyn kinase. Our results suggest that the N-terminal unique domain of Lyn kinase is important for binding to βc receptor. To our knowledge, this is the first molecular identification of the Lyn binding site of βc receptor. This finding may help develop specific inhibitors of Lyn-coupled signaling pathways.