cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Modeling performance and energy for applications offloaded to Intel Xeon Phi

Accelerators are adopted to increase performance, reduce time-to-solution, and minimize energy-to-solution. However, employing them efficiently, given system and application characteristics, is often a daunting task. A goal of this work is to propose a general model that predicts performance and power requirements for an application, computational portions of which are offloaded to an accelerator. Intel Xeon Phi is the only accelerator type investigated here, and only in offload execution mode. This mode is also employed by other accelerator types, such as GPU; thus the proposed model is applicable directly. The predictive capabilities of the model are demonstrated by determining the best hardware-software configuration instances with respect to the minimum energy consumption for the CoMD proxy application executed on single or multiple nodes. For the CoMD problem sizes investigated here, the best modeled configuration was relatively close to the best measured configuration with relative error under 5% of the energy consumed for most configurations. Initial model validation also confirmed the model accuracy for a variety of model parameters, such as host computation time and power consumption on the host and accelerator. The model also provides estimates of the total data movement and computational throughput as well as of some key metrics, such as FLOPs-per-joule and bytes-per-joule, which are commonly used to study the energy-performance trade-offs.
Development and implementation of an asynchronous emergency medicine residency curriculum using a web-based platform

The Residency Review Committee in Emergency Medicine requires residency programs to deliver at least 5 hours of weekly didactics. Achieving at least a 70 % average attendance rate per resident is required for residency program accreditation, and is used as a benchmark for residency graduation in our program. We developed a web-based, asynchronous curriculum to replace 1 hour of synchronous didactics, and hypothesized that the curriculum would be feasible to implement, well received by learners, and improve conference participation. This paper describes the feasibility and learner acceptability of a longitudinal asynchronous curriculum, and describes its impact on postgraduate year-1(PGY-1) resident conference participation and annual in-training examination scores. Using formal curriculum design methods, we developed modules and paired assessment exercises to replace 1 hour of weekly didactics. We measured feasibility (development and implementation time and costs) and learner acceptability (measured on an anonymous survey). We compared pre- and post-intervention conference participation and in-service training examination scores using a two sample t test. The asynchronous curriculum proved feasible to develop and implement. PGY-1 resident conference participation improved compared to the pre-intervention year (85.6 vs. 62 %; 95 % CI 0.295-0.177; p < 0.001). We are unable to detect a difference between in-training examination results in either the PGY-1 group or across all residents by the introduction of this intervention. 18/31 (58 %) residents completed the post-intervention survey. 83 % reported satisfaction with curriculum changes. Strengths of the curriculum included clarity and timeliness of assignments. Weaknesses included technical difficulties with the online platform. Our curriculum is feasible to develop and implement. Despite technical difficulties, residents report high satisfaction with this new curriculum. Among PGY-1 residents there is improved conference participation compared to the prior year.
Mercury Levels in US Children and Women

Data are presented from the 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) on the distribution of blood mercury levels and association with fish consumption in a representative sample of young children and women of reproductive age.
Factors Affecting Acid α-Naphthyl Acetate Esterase Activity in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

Pre-staining conditions that affect alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity in peripheral blood lymphocytes have been evaluated. The effects of different fixatives, pH of fixation, pre-fixation storage time and length of fixation have been compared with regard to maximal preservation of ANAE activity in peripheral T-cells.
Method for Translation of In-Use Fuel Consumption and NOX Emissions Between Different Heavy-Duty Vehicle Routes

Portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) are used to perform in-use measurements for emissions inventory and regulatory applications. PEMS data represent real world conditions more accurately than chassis dynamometer or engine dynamometer testing, arguably being the most realistic method of determining exhaust emissions over a certain driving route. However, measured emissions and fuel consumption depend strongly on both the route followed and the traffic situation that the vehicle encounters. A tool for translation of emissions and fuel consumption between diverse types of vehicle activity is required. The purpose of this paper is to assess the possibility of using route-averaged properties (kinematic parameters) for translation of fuel consumption and NOx emissions for a set of eighteen heavy-duty vehicles operating over up to eight different driving routes. A linear model developed for heavy-duty vehicle chassis dynamometer data modeling has been extended to in-use heavy-duty vehicle data. Two approaches were implemented; the first approach mimicked the prior chassis dynamometer work by incorporating average vehicle speed and average positive acceleration and the second approach incorporated road grade in a characteristic power parameter. The end result is a simple method which was shown to be accurate for estimation of fuel consumption (within 5% relative error) and NOx emissions (within 12% relative error) for over-the-road vehicles over “unseen” roads or traffic situations, without the need to perform additional over-the-road tests.Copyright © 2011 by ASME
The didymosporous dimeriaceous fungi reported on leaves of Rubiaceae

The didymosporous dimeriaceous fungi reported from Rubiaceae are described and discussed. Eumela is compared with Eudimeriolum, Lasiostemma, and Episphaerella. Dimerosporium pannosum is transferred to Eumela. Dimerosporium psilostomatis and D. subpilosum are recombined in Balladyna. Dimerosporium crustaceum and Balladyna chiococcae are merged with Balladyna subpilosa. A few other species are mentioned briefly. Zukalia inermis, a hyperparasite, has two-celled ascospores and is transferred to Dimerium. Earlier papers treating didymosporous dimeriaceous taxa on Pinaceae, Poaceae, and Asteraceae are updated. The Dimerosporium tsugae species complex is transferred to Eudimeriolum. Di? merosporium saxegotheae is recombined as Phaeocryptopus saxegotheae. Epipolaeum sydowii, Dimerosporina arundinariae, D. dinochloae, and Dimeriella dendrocalami on Poaceae are treated briefly. Additional synonyms are listed for Lasiostemma melioloides on Astera? ceae.
Notes on Cantharelloid Fungi. VIII. A New Species of Gomphus

(1976). Notes on Cantharelloid Fungi. VIII. A New Species of Gomphus. Mycologia: Vol. 68, No. 2, pp. 429-432.
Magnetization transfer imaging of the head and neck: Normative data

PURPOSE To determine magnetization transfer ratios for normal head and neck structures so that evaluation of disease will be possible. METHODS Two-dimensional magnetization transfer imaging was performed in 12 healthy volunteers and 20 patients. We used a repetition time of 500, echo time of 12, 20 degrees flip angle, and a magnetization transfer pulse offset from the resonance frequency of water by 2000 Hz (pulse duration 19 milliseconds, waveform area approximately 10 times greater than that of a 90 degree pulse). Magnetization transfer ratios (1 - [intensity after suppression/intensity before suppression]) were calculated for normal structures. RESULTS The magnetization transfer ratio of facial muscles (0.54) was equivalent to that of tongue muscles (0.54). These values exceeded those of parotid (0.39) and submandibular glands (0.41). Fat (0.07) and cerebrospinal fluid (0.05) had negligible transfer. CONCLUSION Magnetization transfer imaging is a simple and effective means of studying the contribution of macromolecular protons to the MR image. Normal neck structures show a wide range of magnetization transfer rates, maximal for muscle and minimal for cerebrospinal fluid and fat.
Fine's Fragmentalist Interpretation of Special Relativity

In “Tense and Reality”, Kit Fine (2005) proposed a novel way to think about realism about tense in the metaphysics of time. In particular, he explored two non-standard forms of realism about tense (“external relativism” and “fragmentalism”), arguing that they are to be preferred over standard forms of realism. In the process of defending his own preferred view, fragmentalism, he proposed a fragmentalist interpretation of the special theory of relativity (STR), which will be our focus in this paper. After presenting Fine's position, we will raise a problem for his fragmentalist interpretation of STR. We will argue that Fine's view is in tension with the proper explanation of why various facts (such as the Lorentz transformations) obtain. We will then consider whether similar considerations also speak against fragmentalism in domains other than STR, notably fragmentalism about tense.
Representations of p-Groups in Characteristic p and the Radical

The study of representations of a group over a field whose characteristic divides the group order is more delicate than the case of ordinary representation theory. Modules no longer need be semisimple, and we have to do more than count multiplicities of simple direct summands to determine their isomorphism type. In this chapter, we begin the task of assembling techniques specifically aimed at dealing with this. As a first step, we focus on representations of p -groups in characteristic p . Specific things may be said about them with very little background preparation, and they have impact on representations of all groups. In subsequent chapters, we will gradually fill in the rest of the picture. We start by describing completely the representations of cyclic p -groups. We show that p -groups have only one simple module in characteristic p . We introduce the radical and socle series of modules and deduce that the regular representation is indecomposable, identifying its radical as the augmentation ideal. We conclude with a discussion of Jennings's Theorem on the radical series of the group algebra of a p -group in characteristic p . Cyclic p -Groups We describe all representations of cyclic p -groups over a field of characteristic p using elementary methods. In the first proposition, we reduce their study to that of modules for a principal ideal domain. When G is cyclic of order N , we have already made use of an isomorphism between kG and k [ X ] / ( X N − 1) in Exercise 11 from Chapter 2. When N is a power of p , we can express this slightly differently. Proposition 6.1.1. Let k be a field of characteristic p and let be cyclic of order p n . Then there is a ring isomorphism kG ≅ k , where k [ X ] is the polynomial ring in an indeterminate X . Proof . We define a mapping Since this mapping is a group homomorphism to the unit group of, and hence it extends to a linear map that is an algebra homomorphism. Since g s is sent to X s plus terms of lower degree, the images of 1, …, g p n −1 form a basis of.
Charles Lyell's Geological Imagination

In his Principles of Geology (1830–33), Charles Lyell seeks to explain the processes by which the great geological monuments of the world – from mountains to river valleys – came to be as they are. Through his theory of uniformitarianism, which states that geological phenomena must be explained according to known and observable causes, Lyell develops in his Principles a narrative explaining the laws governing such phenomena. But because the processes of geological flux he seeks to describe cannot be observed in their totality, Lyell frequently appeals to the imagination to ford the many gaps in physical evidence. This article explores how Lyell's theory of uniformitarianism is built upon an original act of imaginative retrieval in which the geologist exercises mastery over the past through his imaginative reconstruction of prehistory, where “history” is understood to mean “belonging to human time.” I argue that in his careful delineation of the means by which the mind may come to know what is not necessarily verifiable, Lyell appeals to a principle of the imagination that closely resembles Samuel Taylor Coleridge's concept of the vital and generative power of the secondary imagination. Furthermore, I highlight Coleridge's own failure, in his reading of Lyell, to recognize this resemblance between the geologist's imaginative act and his own – a failure that led him to privilege the catastrophist theories that Lyell set out to (and indeed did) supplant.
Transfer: progress and prospects

The Transfer Code of Practice is a Recommended Practice of the National Information Standards Organization (NISO). It seeks to address the issues that can arise when journals change publishers, and its administration is governed by NISO’s Transfer Standing Committee. This article will discuss Transfer’s progress and prospects, with topics including the initiative’s history, elements of the Recommended Practice, the initiative’s move from UKSG to NISO, recent developments, and benefits to libraries, publishers and scholarly societies. Finally, we will discuss what is next for Transfer.
CDC42-related genes are upregulated in helper T cells from obese asthmatic children

Background Pediatric obesity-related asthma is more severe and less responsive to medications than asthma in normal-weight children. Obese asthmatic children have nonatopic T H 1-polarized systemic inflammation that correlates with pulmonary function deficits, but the pathways underlying T H 1-polarized inflammation are not well understood. Objective We compared the CD4 + T-cell transcriptome in obese children with asthma with that in normal-weight children with asthma to identify key differentially expressed genes associated with T H 1-polarized inflammation. Methods CD4 + T-cell transcriptome–wide differential gene expression was compared between 21 obese and 21 normal-weight children by using directional RNA sequencing. High-confidence differentially expressed genes were verified in the first cohort and validated in a second cohort of 20 children (10 obese and 10 normal-weight children) by using quantitative RT-PCR. Results Transcriptome-wide differential gene expression among obese asthmatic children was enriched for genes, including VAV2 , DOCK5 , PAK3 , PLD1 , CDC42EP4 , and CDC42PBB , which are associated with CDC42, a small guanosine triphosphate protein linked to T-cell activation. Upregulation of MLK3 and PLD1 , genes downstream of CDC42 in the mitogen-activated protein kinase and mammalian target of rapamycin pathways and the inverse correlation of CDC42EP4 and DOCK5 transcript counts with FEV 1 /FVC ratio together support a role of CDC42 in the T H 1 polarization and pulmonary function deficits found in patients with obesity-related asthma. Conclusions Our study identifies the CDC42 pathway as a novel target that is upregulated in T H cells of obese asthmatic children, suggesting its role in nonatopic T H 1-polarized systemic inflammation and pulmonary function deficits found in patients with pediatric obesity-related asthma.
Air lasing through femtosecond filamentation (Conference Presentation)

Air lasing is a concept that is based on the utilization of the constituents of air as a gain medium in a standoff, impulsive, laser-like optical source. While both forward-propagating and backward-propagating laser emissions could be generated, the backward-propagating emission is of the most practical significance for its potential to enable single-ended remote sensing schemes. I will review recent results on air lasing from singly ionized nitrogen molecular ions N2+, pumped through femtosecond laser filamentation in air. So far, lasing has been demonstrated only in the forward direction, and the mechanisms that enable population inversion have been highly controversial.
Diet-Induced Ketosis Protects Against Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mouse.

Over the past decade we have consistently shown that ketosis is neuroprotective against ischemic insults in rats. We reported that diet-induced ketotic rats had a significant reduction in infarct volume when subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and improved survival and recovery after cardiac arrest and resuscitation. The neuroprotective mechanisms of ketosis (via ketogenic diet; KG) include (i) ketones are alternate energy substrates that can restore energy balance when glucose metabolism is deficient and (ii) ketones modulate cell-signalling pathways that are cytoprotective. We investigated the effects of diet-induced ketosis following transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice. The correlation between levels of ketosis and hypoxic inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α), AKT (also known as protein kinase B or PKB) and 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) were determined. Mice were fed with KG diet or standard lab-chow (STD) diet for 4 weeks. For the MCAO group, mice underwent 60 min of MCAO and total brain infarct volumes were evaluated 48 h after reperfusion. In a separate group of mice, brain tissue metabolites, levels of HIF-1α, phosphorylated AKT (pAKT), and AMPK were measured. After feeding a KG diet, levels of blood ketone bodies (beta-hydroxyburyrate, BHB) were increased. There was a proportional decrease in infarct volumes with increased blood BHB levels (KG vs STD; 4.2 ± 0.6 vs 7.8 ± 2.2 mm3, mean ± SEM). A positive correlation was also observed with HIF-1α and pAKT relative to blood BHB levels. Our results showed that chronic ketosis can be induced in mice by KG diet and was neuroprotective against focal cerebral ischemia in a concentration dependent manner. Potential mechanisms include upregulation of cytoprotective pathways such as those associated with HIF-1α, pAKT and AMPK.
Spatial Autonomy and Desistance in Penal Settings. Case Study: The Barlinnie Special Unit (1973–1994)

In post-war Scotland the institutional response to persistently violent and disruptive prisoners was the establishment of a unique network of specialist units providing a number of alternative custody arrangements outside the prison mainstream. This chapter considers the case of the Barlinnie Special Unit (BSU) (1973–1994), arguably the most innovate, anomalous and controversial of these units. It also proved to be the most effective at enabling desistance from prison-based offending. Drawing on prisoners’ autobiographical accounts, the argument presented here reasserts the centrality of individual autonomy in processes of personal change. More specifically, this chapter considers the desistance-promoting effects of granting prisoners ‘spatial autonomy’ over the design, function and aesthetics of their carceral environments. In essence, what the BSU demonstrated is that it was more not less autonomy afforded to prisoners who were considered the most problematic which produced the most profound and authentic behavioural shifts and, moreover, it was less not more institutional control that facilitated this.
Unbecoming Standards Through Ojibwe Immersion: The Wolf Meets Ma’iingan

In this chapter Hermes and Haskins closely investigate examples from Haskins’ teaching at an Ojibwe immersion school to show the way the Ojibwe language itself brings the institutional racism of the state standards to the surface. As educational standards are becoming less local and more uniform at a national level, they are promoted as being universal and, in fact, an equalizing factor for minority students. In this chapter, we show clearly how these standards are in fact not universal but very culturally specific when understood in relation to the enactment of an Ojibwe language-centered curriculum.
Fighting to Cooperate: Litigation, Collaboration, and Water Management in the Upper Deschutes River Basin, Oregon

Water management systems in the western United States prioritize historical economic uses of water, but are being tasked with addressing growing populations, unmet ecosystem needs, and climatic changes. Collaborative governance scholars posit that collaborative processes generate solutions better suited to resolving wicked natural resource problems than traditional regulatory approaches. However, scholars dispute how collaboration and regulatory enforcement in the form of litigation interact: does litigation destroy collaborative efforts or does litigation facilitate collaboration? In the Upper Deschutes River Basin in central Oregon, stakeholders engaged two collaborative processes to lay the foundation for a new water management regime. However, a participant in these processes was concerned that they were not progressing and filed a lawsuit under the Endangered Species Act. This research finds that litigation, strategically applied under specific conditions, can facilitate collaboration.
Commotio Cordis: Practical Aspects in Sports

Commotio cordis has achieved markedly increased attention because of the increased awareness of sudden death that occurs during sports in the playing field[1, 2]. The rising popularity of lacrosse and the widespread media attention to several prominent lacrosse deaths due to commotio cordis have also put this phenomenon in the forefront of sports safety.
Influence of Steel Factor on Hemoglobin Synthesis in Sickle Cell Disease

A new hematopoietic growth factor (Steel factor) has been identified which stimulates erythroid proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. We evaluated the influence of recombinant Steel factor on hemoglobin synthesis in peripheral blood (PB) BFU-E-derived cells from normal donors by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and compared it with stimulation with GM-CSF and interleukin-3 (IL-3). Only Steel factor stimulated a significant increase in BFU-E-derived colony size and a significant increase in fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in BFU-E-derived erythroblasts from 0.49% +/- 0.27% to 6.33% +/- 1.11% in serum-deprived media and from 1.88% +/- 0.24% to 11.17% +/- 0.91% in serum. To determine whether this influence on hemoglobinization also occurred in sickle cell disease, we studied 13 patients with sickle cell disease. In serum-deprived conditions, there was a significant increase in the number and size of BFU-E-derived colonies with Steel factor that was dose-dependent. In addition, the proportion of HbF in progenitor-derived cells increased by 66% from 4.1% +/- 0.6% to 6.8% +/- 1.2% with Steel factor. In serum- containing conditions studied in 12 patients, the increase in percentage of HbF was even greater, from 10.7% +/- 0.9% in control cultures to 22.5% +/- 2.6% with Steel factor. These increases in percentage of HbF were significant and dose-dependent. An increase in percentage of HbF was observed in erythroblasts harvested on day 11, 14, and 18 of culture. A decrease in mean picograms of total Hb per cell after coculture with Steel factor was noted, suggesting that growth kinetics influenced complete hemoglobinization. In serum- deprived conditions, picograms of HbF per cell was not affected by Steel factor, and in serum-containing conditions that augment in vitro HbF production it was enhanced. Thus, Steel factor stimulated a significant increase in percentage of HbF in erythroid cells from normal donors and patients with SCA in vitro.
Ethical Issues in Early Intervention

Professionals who provide early intervention services for children with autism (and related conditions) are expected to adhere to the code of ethics promulgated by their discipline. These codes set forth the principles of conduct governing an individual or a group. For example, ethical professional practices for Board Certified Behavior Analysts are outlined in the Behavior Analyst Certification Board Guidelines for Responsible Conduct (BACB Guidelines 2010). These guidelines, like those of other organizations that provide clinical services, such as the American Psychological Association (Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct, 2010) and the American Medical Association (AMA’s code of medical ethics, 2012), provide general information about the kinds of actions by professionals and interactions between professionals and clients that are appropriate and, at least as importantly, those that are inappropriate. The former are “ethical,” the latter “unethical,” and some behavior analysts (e.g., Bailey and Burch, Ethics for behavior analysts, 2011) base their consideration of ethical issues entirely on the code of ethics of their profession, specifically the BACB Guidelines. Such an approach is certainly practical and the book by Bailey and Burch is an excellent introduction to ethical issues likely to pertain to early interventions for children with autism. We believe, however, that focusing only on the BACB Guidelines, or the codes of conducts of other organizations, fails to address adequately some important ethical issues. Therefore, we cast a wider net in the present chapter.
Singular Terms and Intuitions in Kant’s Epistemology

As Kant explains his concept of intuition, it seems clear that a representation must satisfy two conditions in order to be an intuition: it must be singular and it must relate immediately to its object. Charles Parsons has referred to these as “the singularity condition” and “the immediacy condition,” and has doubts that within Kant’s philosophy they boil down to the same thing.1 Jaakko Hintikka, on the contrary, maintains that in Kant the immediacy condition is only the singularity condition stated in another way, so that “Kant’s notion of intuition is not very far from what we would call a singular term.”2 Both Parsons and Hintikka focus their attention primarily on Kant’s philosophy of mathematics, and Parsons holds that “Hintikka’s theory really stands or falls on the interpretation of the role of intuition in mathematics” (p. 46). In this paper I want to emphasize Kant’s treatment of empirical judgments and the role that intuition plays in them, as I believe (and will try to show in the course of my discussion) that this context was the primary one for Kant.
The association between restless legs syndrome and premotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease.

Abstract Background Previous studies regarding the association between restless legs syndrome (RLS) and Parkinson's disease (PD) have produced contradictory results. However, the time frame between them has varied across these studies, and also, the longitudinal trajectroy of RLS symptoms has not been considered. Objective To investigate if transient or continuous/recurrent RLS identified by questionnaire are associated with the premotor symptoms of PD. Methods The study population comprised 16,636 men in the Health Professional Follow-Up Study, who answered questions regarding RLS symptoms in both 2002 and 2008, and were not diagnosed with PD. Outcomes were self-reported constipation, possible REM sleep behavior disorder (pRBD) in 2012 and smell identification test score in 2014. Results RLS was associated with increased odds of constipation, but only continuous/recurrent RLS status was associated with higher odds of having pRBD. RLS was not significantly associated with olfactory scores. Conclusion In this large-scale longitudinal study, we found moderate associations between the presence of RLS and increased odds of having constipation and pRBD.
Social-Class Disparities in Higher Education and Professional Workplaces: The Role of Cultural Mismatch:

Differences in structural resources and individual skills contribute to social-class disparities in both U.S. gateway institutions of higher education and professional workplaces. People from worki...
Research within physical oceanography and submarine geology at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography during April, 1943, to April, 1944

Again there is little to report to the American Geophysical Union because nearly all the activity in physical oceanography at the Scripps Institution has been in connection with special war projects and results can not as yet be discussed. G. F. McEWEN has critically reviewed manuscripts and earlier publications in order to indicate appropriate corrections and revisions. For example, extensions of his work on evaporation and mixing, published in 1929, require a computation of the preliminary mathematical tables in the appendix of that work with the aid of newly developed formulas.and the extensive fundamental tables recently prepared by the Federal Works Agency (Mathematical Tables Project). This computing is more than 95 per cent completed and the tables may be of use in other researches.
Three New Cs for CRISPR: Collateral, Communicate, Cooperate

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) loci and their associated (cas) genes provide protection against invading phages and plasmids in prokaryotes. Typically, short sequences are captured from the genome of the invader, integrated into the CRISPR locus, and transcribed into short RNAs that direct RNA-guided Cas nucleases to the nucleic acids of the invader for their degradation. Recent work in the field has revealed unexpected features of the CRISPR-Cas mechanism: (i) collateral, nonspecific, cleavage of host nucleic acids; (ii) secondary messengers that amplify the immune response; and (iii) immunosuppression of CRISPR targeting by phage-encoded inhibitors. Here, we review these new and exciting findings.
First-Year Students and the Framework: Using Topic Modeling to Analyze Student Understanding of the Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education

Abstract Objective – The Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education has generated a significant amount of discussion among academic librarians; however, few have discussed the potential impact on learning when students interact directly with the Framework itself. At the University of Notre Dame, over 1,900 first-year students completed an information literacy assignment in their required first-year experience course. Students read a condensed version of the Framework, then wrote a response discussing how a frame of their choosing was reflected in an assigned reading. The goal of this exploratory study was to determine if the students demonstrated an understanding of the themes and concepts in the Framework based on this assignment. Methods – Topic modeling, a method for discovering topics contained in a corpus of text, was used to explore the themes that emerged in the students’ responses to this assignment and assess the degree to which they connect to frames in the Framework. The model receives no information about the Framework prior to the analysis; it only uses the students’ words to form topics. Results – The responses formed several topics that are recognizable as related to the frames from the Framework, suggesting that students were able to engage effectively and meaningfully with the language of the Framework. Because the topic model does not know anything about the Framework, the fact that the responses formed topics that are recognizable as frames suggests that students internalized the concepts in the Framework well enough to express them in their own writing. Conclusion – This research provides insight regarding the impact that the Framework may have on student understanding of information literacy concepts.
Fast Suboptimal Multi-Layer Detection Scheme for Demodulation in Diffusion-Based Molecular Communications

When designing fast and reliable molecular communication (MC) systems, some important constraints must be taken into consideration, including their power consumption, space, and ability to perform complex computational operations. Accordingly, there is a need for fast and suboptimal detection schemes to identify received bits under noise and inter-symbol-interference (ISI) distortions. In this paper, we propose and investigate a novel detection scheme that achieves a low uncoded bit error rate (BER) via a multi-layered approach in which we utilize entropy-based discrimination followed by small-size (N bits) low-complexity correlation operations. As shown by our simulation evaluation results, we have been able to achieve a low level of BER as 10−5 versus a low level of the signal to noise ratio (SNR) as low as 8.5 dB without using error-correcting coding, compared with the traditional Fixed-Threshold Detection (FTD) approach.
Soft Drugs 19. Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism and Excretion of a Novel Soft Corticosteroid, Loteprednol Etabonate, in Rats

Purpose. Pharmacokinetics, metabolism and excretion of loteprednol etabonate (LE) were investigated in rats.
Selfcoelum lamothei n. sp. (Digenea: Cyclocoelidae: Cyclocoelinae) from the air sacs of the long-billed curlew, Numenius americanus (Scolopacidae), from the Galveston, Texas area, USA

Fourteen specimens of a new species of cyclocoelid, Selfcoelum lamothei n. sp. (Digenea: Cyclocoelidae: Cyclocoelinae), from the air sacs of a long-billed curlew, Numenius americanus Bechstein (Scolopacidae), collected from the Galveston area, Galveston County, Texas, USA, were examined. The new species has an intertesticular ovary that forms a triangle with the testes, placing it in Cyclocoelinae Stossich, 1902. The new species is most similar to Selfcoelum capellum (Khan, 1935) n. comb., but differs from this species by lacking an oral sucker and by having a somewhat larger ovary, larger testes, a smaller posttesticular space, a larger cirrus sac, larger eggs, and the vitelline follicles of S. lamothei n. sp. are more bulky making the vitelline fi elds more laterally extensive, and more anteriorly distributed (reaching anteriorly to the level of the pharynx compared to the level of the cecal bifurcation) than those of S. capellum. The new species can be distinguished from the 2 species currently assigned to Selfcoelum Dronen, Gardner and Jimenez, 2006, S. brasilianum (Stossich, 1902) and S. limnodromi Dronen, Gardner and Jimenez, 2006, by having an intercecal uterus rather than having uterine loops that overreach the ceca laterally. The genus Selfcoelum should be emended to include those species where the uterus is either intercecal or where the uterine loops overreach the ceca laterally and those species with or without an oral sucker.
Effectiveness of integrative medicine group visits in chronic pain and depressive symptoms: A randomized controlled trial.

Background Current treatment options for chronic pain and depression are largely medication-based, which may cause adverse side effects. Integrative Medical Group Visits (IMGV) combines mindfulness techniques, evidence based integrative medicine, and medical group visits, and is a promising adjunct to medications, especially for diverse underserved patients who have limited access to non-pharmacological therapies. Objective Determine the effectiveness of IMGV compared to a Primary Care Provider (PCP) visit in patients with chronic pain and depression. Design 9-week single-blind randomized control trial with a 12-week maintenance phase (intervention—medical groups; control—primary care provider visit) Setting Academic tertiary safety-net hospital and 2 affiliated federally-qualified community health centers. Participants 159 predominantly low income racially diverse adults with nonspecific chronic pain and depressive symptoms. Interventions IMGV intervention– 9 weekly 2.5 hour in person IMGV sessions, 12 weeks on-line platform access followed by a final IMGV at 21 weeks. Measurements Data collected at baseline, 9, and 21 weeks included primary outcomes depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire 9), pain (Brief Pain Inventory). Secondary outcomes included pain medication use and utilization. Results There were no differences in pain or depression at any time point. At 9 weeks, the IMGV group had fewer emergency department visits (RR 0.32, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.83) compared to controls. At 21 weeks, the IMGV group reported reduction in pain medication use (Odds Ratio: 0.42, CI: 0.18–0.98) compared to controls. Limitations Absence of treatment assignment concealment for patients and disproportionate group attendance in IMGV. Conclusion Results demonstrate that low-income racially diverse patients will attend medical group visits that focus on non-pharmacological techniques, however, in the attention to treat analysis there was no difference in average pain levels between the intervention and the control group. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov NCT02262377.
An Interesting Case of Acquired Hemophilia A in an Elderly Patient Presenting with Hematuria.

A 90-year-old male with a past medical history of hypertension, chronic kidney disease stage II, and hyperlipidemia presented with complaints of intermittent hematuria. He had no prior history of hematuria or mucosal bleeds and denied having any trauma. His activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was found to be mildly prolonged at 48.4 seconds and his factor VIII level was found to be very low at less than 3%.
Anterior uveitis secondary to intraocular fiber from a hair enhancement product.

Abstract Purpose To report a case of anterior uveitis caused by migration of cosmetic “hair-building fibers” into the anterior chamber and discuss previous literature describing ocular disease caused by small foreign fibers. Observations A 73 year old male presented with his first episode of acute anterior uveitis. He was found to have a white fiber penetrating through the cornea into the anterior chamber. This foreign body was removed. The patient identified the material as a being from the cosmetic hair-building fiber product he had been using called Toppik. He was treated with topical steroids and antibiotic drops. The uveitis resolved without recurrence by six weeks after his initial presentation. Conclusions Small synthetic and non-synthetic fibers represent sources of both superficial and intraocular injury. Careful examination of the anterior chamber is critical in patients with new acute uveitis to identify possible foreign fibers that can migrate through the cornea. While medical therapy with topical steroids may suffice for treatment in many cases, intraocular persistence of these materials can result in recurrent inflammation, ocular hypertension, or further migration into the posterior chamber which may require surgical intervention.
The Enduring Effects of Interest Rates at Mortgage Origination

Modest differences in the interest rate at home purchase can have long-lasting effects on mortgagors. We use within-year variation in average interest rates at loan origination to instrument for contracted mortgage rates. For homeowners with negative equity, a 50bp increase in the national rate at origination leads to an increase in defaults of 10-20% of the sample average, but the instrument is not correlated with worse credit. Consistent with liquidity constraints, the magnitude is constant across many different levels of negative equity. During the boom, lower interest rates result in increased consumption of non-durables and services, while total expenditure is unchanged.
A customized 3D implant to target laser interstitial thermal therapy ablation of a posterior fossa mass.

Abstract Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive neurosurgical technique that has been demonstrated to successfully ablate intracranial tumors. While LITT for supratentorial lesions can often be straightforward, ablation of infratentorial lesions can be difficult with current targeting technologies and instrumentation. The anatomical difficulty of targeting posterior fossa masses can be further complicated in patients who have had a prior craniectomy or other procedure that removed the bone that is required to set the surgical trajectory. This article describes use of a three-dimensional (3D)–printed customized surgical implant to improve and enable targeting of posterior fossa lesions using LITT, particularly in the setting of prior craniectomy. A 3D-printed implant was customized for a patient with a history of metastatic lung cancer and prior posterior fossa craniectomy who presented for treatment of a progressively enlarging contrast-enhancing lesion in the right cerebellar hemisphere. The device included a built-in bolt trajectory for LITT ablation. The temporary implant was successfully fabricated for use with laser ablation of a right cerebellar mass. Three potential trajectories for the LITT bolt were incorporated into the temporary implant, but only the primary trajectory was utilized. Laser ablation was performed with the implant and a SideFire laser probe. Customized 3D-printed implants can enable the use of LITT for patients who would not otherwise be candidates.
Nationally Representative Evidence on the Association Between Preschool and Executive Function Skills Throughout Elementary School

Executive function skills are a set of cognitive processes that help individuals to engage in goal-directed behavior and have been linked to benefits in academic achievement and other learning-rela...
StreamMiner: a classifier ensemble-based engine to mine concept-drifting data streams

We demonstrate StreamMiner, a random decision-tree ensemble based engine to mine data streams. A fundamental challenge in data stream mining applications (e.g., credit card transaction authorization, security buy-sell transaction, and phone call records, etc) is concept-drift or the discrepancy between the previously learned model and the true model in the new data. The basic problem is the ability to judiciously select data and adapt the old model to accurately match the changed concept of the data stream. StreamMiner uses several techniques to support mining over data streams with possible concept-drifts. We demonstrate the following two key functionalities of StreamMiner: 1. Detecting possible concept-drift on the fly when the trained streaming model is used to classify incoming data streams without knowing the ground truth. 2. Systematic data selection of old data and new data chunks to compute the optimal model that best fits on the changing data streams.
Scheduling algorithm tracking-oriented based on GDF

Target tracking is one of important applications in wireless sensor networks that highly depend on sensor coordination because each sensor node can carry limited power in that all the sensor nodes should be scheduled in collaborative manner to balance the information contribution and resource consumption. In this paper, we propose sensor scheduling algorithm tracking-oriented based on GDF. When the target occurs in the sensor network, cluster and duty cycling algorithm is executed to schedule sensor node to perform taking task. The Gaussian particle filter is employed to estimate trajectory of target. With the target moving, only some nodes are active, the others go to sleep for conserving energy. Using dynamic cluster and duty cycling technology can assign effectively tasks and significantly reduce energy consumption.
High-resolution physical map for chromosome 16q12.1-q13, the Blau syndrome locus

The Blau syndrome (MIM 186580), an autosomal dominant granulomatous disease, was previously mapped to chromosome 16p12-q21. However, inconsistent physical maps of the region and consequently an unknown order of microsatellite markers, hampered us from further refining the genetic locus for the Blau syndrome. To address this problem, we constructed our own high-resolution physical map for the Blau susceptibility region. We generated a high-resolution physical map that provides more than 90% coverage of a refined Blau susceptibility region. The map consists of four contigs of sequence tagged site-based bacterial artificial chromosomes with a total of 124 bacterial artificial chromosomes, and spans approximately 7.5 Mbp; however, three gaps still exist in this map with sizes of 425, 530 and 375 kbp, respectively, estimated from radiation hybrid mapping. Our high-resolution map will assist genetic studies of loci in the interval from D16S3080, near D16S409, and D16S408 (16q12.1 to 16q13).
Use of a Portland Cement Accelerator with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate

USE OF A PORTLAND CEMENT ACCELERATOR WITH MINERAL TRIOXIDE AGGREGATE. By M. Scott Monts, D.D.S. A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2004 Major Director: B. Ellen Byrne, D.D.S., M.S., Ph.D. Interim Chairman and Professor, Department of Endodontics The use of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is gaining popularity among clinicians. Despite the many ideal qualities it possesses, it is often difficult to manipulate and often requires a second appointment for placement of a restoration to allow for setting. If the time to set of MTA can be accelerated to a single appointment time frame without significantly altering its properties, then MTA may gain even wider acceptance. The purpose of this study is to identify the percentage of a Portland Cement Accelerator (PCA), that when added to MTA, will decrease the time to set of MTA towards a single appointment time frame. Ten Teflon sample molds were prepared to hold 20 standardized
Sinuous flow in metals

Annealed metals are surprisingly difficult to cut, involving high forces and an unusually thick “chip.” This anomaly has long been explained, based on ex situ observations, using a model of smooth plastic flow with uniform shear to describe material removal by chip formation. Here we show that this phenomenon is actually the result of a fundamentally different collective deformation mode—sinuous flow. Using in situ imaging, we find that chip formation occurs via large-amplitude folding, triggered by surface undulations of a characteristic size. The resulting fold patterns resemble those observed in geophysics and complex fluids. Our observations establish sinuous flow as another mesoscopic deformation mode, alongside mechanisms such as kinking and shear banding. Additionally, by suppressing the triggering surface undulations, sinuous flow can be eliminated, resulting in a drastic reduction of cutting forces. We demonstrate this suppression quite simply by the application of common marking ink on the free surface of the workpiece material before the cutting. Alternatively, prehardening a thin surface layer of the workpiece material shows similar results. Besides obvious implications to industrial machining and surface generation processes, our results also help unify a number of disparate observations in the cutting of metals, including the so-called Rehbinder effect.
A Lagrangian–Lagrangian Framework for the Simulation of Rigid and Deformable Bodies in Fluid

We present a Lagrangian–Lagrangian approach for the simulation of fully resolved Fluid Solid/Structure Interaction (FSI) problems. In the proposed approach, the method of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is used to simulate the fluid dynamics in a Lagrangian framework. The solid phase is a general multibody dynamics system composed of a collection of interacting rigid and deformable objects. While the motion of arbitrarily shaped rigid objects is approached in a classical 3D rigid body dynamics framework, the Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation (ANCF) is used to model the deformable components, thus enabling the investigation of compliant elements that experience large deformations with entangling and self-contact. The dynamics of the two phases, fluid and solid, are coupled with the help of Lagrangian markers, referred to as Boundary Condition Enforcing (BCE) markers which are used to impose no-slip and impenetrability conditions. Such BCE markers are associated both with the solid suspended particles and with any confining boundary walls and are distributed in a narrow layer on and below the surface of solid objects. The ensuing fluid–solid interaction forces are mapped into generalized forces on the rigid and flexible bodies and subsequently used to update the dynamics of the solid objects according to rigid body motion or ANCF method. The robustness and performance of the simulation algorithm is demonstrated through several numerical simulation studies.