cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Repositioning Basic Residues in the M Domain of the Rous Sarcoma Virus Gag Protein

The first 86 residues of the Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) Gag protein form a membrane-binding (M) domain that directs Gag to the plasma membrane during budding. Unlike other retroviral Gag proteins, RSV Gag is not myristylated; however, the RSV M domain does contain 11 basic residues that could potentially interact with acidic phospholipids in the plasma membrane. To investigate this possibility, we analyzed mutants in which basic residues in the M domain were replaced with asparagines or glutamines. The data show that neutralizing as few as two basic residues in the M domain blocked particle release and prevented Gag from localizing to the plasma membrane. Though not as severe, single neutralizations also diminished budding and, when expressed in the context of proviral clones, reduced the ability of RSV to spread in cell cultures. To further explore the role of basic residues in particle production, we added lysines to new positions in the M domain. Using this approach, we found that the budding efficiency of RSV Gag can be improved by adding pairs of lysines and that the basic residues in the M domain can be repositioned without affecting particle release. These data provide the first gain-of-function evidence for the importance of basic residues in a retroviral M domain and support a model in which RSV Gag binds to the plasma membrane via electrostatic interactions.
Minimal cost clock synchronization using a sender-receiver protocol in Wireless Sensornets

Recent years have seen a tremendous growth in the development of small sensing devices capable of data processing and wireless communication through their embedded processors and radios. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are ad hoc networks consisting of such devices gaining importance due to their emerging applications. In WSNs, there is a need for a common notion of time among the wireless sensor nodes to accomplish major tasks such as data fusion. For the inactive nodes listening to a sender-receiver two-way timing message exchange between two nodes in an exponential link delay model, this paper derives the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) for the clock offsets of such silent nodes. Since no data transmission is involved on the part of the inactive nodes, this clock synchronization is very attractive for the low power demanding WSN scenario due to reduced power consumption.
First record and phylogenetic significance of a Jurassic diadematacean sea urchin from California

Although diadematacean sea urchins (diadematids, aspidodiadematids, and micropygids) likely diverged sometime during the Jurassic, the lack of fossils representing this group has greatly hampered progress in understanding their evolution. No unequivocal Jurassic diademataceans have been described previously from North America. We describe a new genus and species, Sierradiadema kristini, from a single fossil from the Middle Jurassic (Callovian) Colfax sequence of the Mariposa Formation exposed in the Middle Fork American River drainage of the northern Sierra Nevada, California. The specimen, although not complete, reveals details of the spination and tooth morphology often lacking in Jurassic diademataceans, along with test architecture that yields information concerning the relative timing of important events in the origins of the diadematids in particular. We explore this evolution with a phylogenetic analysis of relevant clades with Jurassic times of divergence, finding not only that Sierradiadema n. gen. is the earliest known member of a clade containing the extant Diadematidae, but that it will stimulate ongoing discussion of the putative Jurassic origins of all the diadematacean groups.
Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Campylobacter Species and the Withdrawal of Fluoroquinolones from Use in Poultry: A Public Health Success Story

Campylobacter species cause 1.4 million infections each year in the United States. Fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin) are commonly used in adults with Campylobacter infection and other infections. Fluoroquinolones (e.g., enrofloxacin) are also used in veterinary medicine. Human infections with fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter species have become increasingly common and are associated with consumption of poultry. These findings, along with other data, prompted the US Food and Drug Administration to propose the withdrawal of fluoroquinolone use in poultry in 2000. A lengthy legal hearing concluded with an order to withdraw enrofloxacin from use in poultry (effective in September 2005). Clinicians are likely to continue to encounter patients with fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter infection and other enteric infection because of the continued circulation of fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter species in poultry flocks and in persons returning from foreign travel who have acquired a fluoroquinolone-resistant enteric infection while abroad. Judicious use of fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobial agents in human and veterinary medicine is essential to preserve the efficacy of these important chemotherapeutic agents.
Labor Costs in Regulated Industries: Policy Options

This chapter discusses the workings of the adversary process in regulatory proceedings and the politics of the regulatory process. It describes the specific standard adopted by the PSC as to what wage levels are to be considered just and reasonable. It is concluded with a discussion of some alternatives that state utility commissions face in the area of labor costs, including an ignore the problem strategy, commission reviews and statistical studies of the type I conducted, formal comparability surveys, and the establishment of incentives for management to keep costs down. One way for commissions to reduce the probability that strike activity would increase is to base their variants of tax-based incomes policies on wage cost increases that are adjusted for productivity growth. Such a policy would allow for explicit or implicit productivity bargaining between utilities and the unions representing their employees. However, the relevant productivity concept is total factor productivity, not labor productivity per se. Alternatively, commissions could base their plans on all input costs, as the executive incentive compensation plans are based.
Review of the Economic Legislation in August 2015

In July, the following main amendments were introduced into the legislation: the periods of re-issuing of the license to carry out educational activities and the certificate of state accreditation have been extended; resources of funds for support of scientific, RD a law on activities of credit rating agencies was approved in Russia.
Failure to Launch? The Independent Payment Advisory Board's Uncertain Prospects

Because the growth in Medicare spending has moderated, the Independent Payment Advisory Board will not be as important as either its supporters or its detractors have claimed. Indeed, the IPAB's ability to move forward at all is in doubt.
An Experimental Evaluation of Input Field and Cursor Combinations

Combinations of cursors and display input field indicators were evaluated using three simulated operator tasks. Input fields were indicated by column separators, reverse image, underscoring, or bra...
The waters of consumptive sustainability

Current fresh water consumption is unsustainable worldwide. This discussion focuses on the world view of 'over-consumption,' often functioning as a 'religion' which provides meaning and motivation for action. This world view and consequent actions lead to such unsustainable activities as the drawdown of reservoirs beyond recharge, the pollution of water beyond use and other unsustainable practices. These realities require new ways of thinking about the earth's fresh water resources both in terms of transformations of consciousness and the patterns of restraint in the usage of water. Such revisions involve religious dimensions and a new water ethic. After a description of the many crises of fresh waters; the author examines new interpretations of the Christian teachings, a 'green' Christianity, the development of fresh explorations of the 'rights' of water and indicates how the principles of Catholic Social Teachings can provide a new water ethic.
Managerial functions of college and university foodservice managers.

This study examined managerial roles in college and university foodservice at three organizational levels. The study population included foodservice managers at National Association of College and University Food Services (NACUFS) member schools with a minimum annual budget of $3 million. The 999 managers from 80 colleges and universities who participated were categorized into three groups: assistant, associate, or director of foodservice; unit manager; and manager reporting to unit manager. They rated 51 activity statements on importance and time demand. Maintaining standards of quality was rated most important and most time demanding by all three groups of managers. Perceived importance and time demand of activities increased as managerial level increased. Activity statements were categorized into Mintzberg’s 10 managerial roles. Significant differences in importance and time demand ratings among the three managerial groups were indicated for all 10 roles. However, perceived importance and time demand of roles increased as managerial level increased with two exceptions. Disturbance handler and leader roles were rated more time consuming by lower level managers. J Am Diet Assoc 89:924-928, 1989.
A statistical mechanical treatment of error in the annealing biostep of DNA computation

The relaxation of an ensemble of ss-DNA oligonucleotides to an equilibrium of annealed, or hybridized, double-stranded molecules has been harnessed for massively parallel computation. The annealing reactions, however, have the potential to produce error. Various heuristic methods for generating sets of single-stranded DNA (encodings) with minimal potential for hybridization error have emerged. Nevertheless, an adequate model of error demands not only implementation details that minimize the impact of physical uncertainties on the computational process, but also an unambiguous, quantitative measure of confidence with which to associate computational results. In this study, the principles of equilibrium statistical mechanics are used to derive an expression for the ensemble average equilibrium probability of an error hybridization per annealing event, given a specified set of planned hybridizations, a set of encodings, and a reaction temperature.
Integrated Raman Intensity in 4He

This seminar will explain a ground state calculation of the integrated Raman intensity in 4He. This integrated intensity is related to a static correlation function which can be calculated from a new integral equation. The emphasis of this talk is placed on deriving this integral equation. The resulting correlation function is then used to calculate the integrated Raman intensity. In contrast to previous calculation1,2, the excluded volume condition3 is satisfied. The calculated intensity is 50% larger than the experimental result.4
Chapter 4 – Transcriptional Control of Cardiogenesis

The development of the four-chambered heart is dependent on the maturation and coordinated function of diverse lineages of cardiomyocytes. Likewise cardiac morphogenesis, including formation of the atria, ventricles, septa, and outflow tract, must be tightly regulated through temporally and spatially controlled changes in gene expression. Defective development of specific cardiac lineages or structures results in congenital heart malformations and is a leading cause of neonatal death in humans. Extensive research efforts over the past 20 years have defined specific transcription factors responsible for normal heart development, and many of these factors are associated with heritable human congenital heart malformations. Multiple members of Nkx, GATA, T-box, MEF2, SRF, bHLH, Iroquois, and Forkhead transcription factor families are required in cardiomyocytes for normal heart formation. In many cases, these factors act together to coordinately regulate gene expression in specific cardiac muscle lineages. This chapter reviews the transcriptional regulatory hierarchies that control morphogenesis, septation, conduction system specialization, and cell proliferation in the developing heart.
Pulmonary function among Latino thoroughbred horse farmworkers.

Background Latino thoroughbred workers may be at risk for developing abnormal pulmonary function related to occupational exposures. Methods Eighty worker participants were recruited via community-based purposive sampling. Questionnaires and spirometry tests were administered by trained lay health promoters. Demographic and occupational factors were assessed for associations with respiratory outcomes via multivariable logistic regression. Results Twenty-seven percent of participants exhibited abnormal pulmonary function (primarily restrictive), 79% reported any respiratory symptoms, and 94% infrequently used dust masks. Shorter duration of both current horse farm employment (≤5 years) and time living in the United States (≤10 years) increased the odds of abnormal pulmonary function. Shorter time living in the United States increased the odds of upper respiratory symptoms and shorter duration of current horse farm employment increased the odds of lower respiratory symptoms. Conclusions Abnormal pulmonary function was high among this vulnerable worker group, suggesting the need for increased dust mask usage and further exposure assessment. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:35–44, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Performance analysis of a grid-tied inverter for renewable energy applications

This paper presents a three phase grid connected DC/AC inverter with active and reactive power (VAR) control for medium size renewable and distributed DC energy sources. The inverter, based on a voltage sourced inverter (VSI) configuration, allows the local residential energy generation to actively supply reactive power to the utility grid, at the same time, this topology allows to work this installation in stand-alone (grid disconnected) mode maintaining nominal and clean voltage at nominal power. A low complexity grid synchronization method was introduced to generate direct and quadrature components of the grid voltage in a simple and computationally efficient manner in order to generate a synchronized current reference for the current loop control. Simulations were performed on Matlab/Simulink platform and a prototype was also developed in the lab to prove the effectiveness of the designed filter, controllers and grid synchronization method. The dSPACE hardware in the loop (HTL) was used, providing a good solution for laboratory implementation.
Targeting a CAR to the TRAC locus with CRISPR/Cas9 enhances tumour rejection

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are synthetic receptors that redirect and reprogram T cells to mediate tumour rejection. The most successful CARs used to date are those targeting CD19 (ref. 2), which offer the prospect of complete remission in patients with chemorefractory or relapsed B-cell malignancies. CARs are typically transduced into the T cells of a patient using γ-retroviral vectors or other randomly integrating vectors, which may result in clonal expansion, oncogenic transformation, variegated transgene expression and transcriptional silencing. Recent advances in genome editing enable efficient sequence-specific interventions in human cells, including targeted gene delivery to the CCR5 and AAVS1 loci. Here we show that directing a CD19-specific CAR to the T-cell receptor α constant (TRAC) locus not only results in uniform CAR expression in human peripheral blood T cells, but also enhances T-cell potency, with edited cells vastly outperforming conventionally generated CAR T cells in a mouse model of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. We further demonstrate that targeting the CAR to the TRAC locus averts tonic CAR signalling and establishes effective internalization and re-expression of the CAR following single or repeated exposure to antigen, delaying effector T-cell differentiation and exhaustion. These findings uncover facets of CAR immunobiology and underscore the potential of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to advance immunotherapies.
Exploring the Interaction of Global and Local in Teacher Education: Circulating Notions of What Preparing a Good Teacher Entails

In this chapter, I explore the current moment of global discourse and its challenges for teacher education. I begin by making the case that, at an ideational level, there is indeed a global conversation of teacher education, one supported by cross-national studies, the role of national scholars and policymakers, and the emergence of global consulting (perhaps a new player in a new role). I then examine, through analysis of curriculum and teacher education student learning, how the practices of teacher education, when viewed comparatively, suggest a far more local, or regional, conversation. Finally, I consider the role of research in supporting what I see as an interaction of global and local discourses. Throughout, I am drawing on ideas of externalization (Schriewer 2000; Steiner-Khamsi 2004) and an understanding of teacher education as existing in both discursive and structural levels.
Software convergence of test program parameters

The convergence concept presented in this paper is a software controlled auto-calibration of test program voltage and timing parameters under actual product test. The convergence program utilizes accurate measurement hardware to adjust the test program parameters and significantly increase the effective accuracy of the tester hardware.
Field Trials of Genetically Modified Mosquitoes and Public Health Ethics

Lisa Lee's (2017) target article “A Bridge Back to the Future: Public Health Ethics, Bioethics, and Environmental Ethics” presents a compelling case for using a public health ethics framework for r...
Leading-edge serrations for performance improvement on a vertical-axis wind turbine at low tip-speed-ratios

Abstract The performance of vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) are substantially affected by the phenomenon of dynamic stall which is induced by the variations of angle of attack of rotating blades, especially at low tip-speed-ratios (TSRs). Large and sudden torque fluctuations are observed to take place when the dynamic stall vortices, formed near the blade leading-edge, are transported downstream. At low TSRs (λTSR
Benefits and Costs of Social Media in Adolescence

In 2015, American adolescents aged 13 to 18 years reported using social media 1 hour and 11 minutes a day, 7 days a week. Social media are used for a variety of activities, including sharing information, interacting with peers, and developing a coherent identity. In this review of the research, we examine how social media are intertwined with adolescent development and assess both the costs and benefits of adolescent social media use. We include suggestions for further research and recommendations for clinicians, policy makers, and educators.
The Principal and Nurse Perspective on Gaps in Asthma Care and Barriers to Physical Activity in New York City Schools: A Qualitative Study.

Background. School officials and nurses play an important role in facilitating asthma management in schools. Little is known about their perspectives on in-school asthma management and barriers to ...
Hairy and Enhancer of Split 6 Prevents Hepatic Lipid Accumulation Through Inhibition of Pparg2 Expression

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a master regulator for white adipocyte differentiation and lipid storage. The increased level of hepatic PPARγ2 isoform reprograms liver for lipid storage and causes abnormal fat accumulation in certain pathophysiologic conditions. The current study aimed to investigate a role of transcriptional repressor hairy and enhancer of split 6 (HES6) in the regulation of Pparg2 expression and hepatic steatosis induced by diet. Liver-specific overexpression of Hes6 using adenovirus reduced Pparg2 messenger RNA levels by 90% and hepatic triglyceride accumulation by 22% compared to the levels in mice injected with an adenoviral empty vector with Western diet feeding. In sharp contrast, silencing Hes6 gene expression using short hairpin RNA increased hepatic lipid accumulation and Pparg2 messenger RNA levels by 70% and 4-fold, respectively. To locate hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) binding site(s), through which repressional activity of HES6 is mediated, a 2.5-kb Pparg2 promoter-driven luciferase reporter was constructed for transient transfection assays. Subsequently, chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assays were performed. An HNF4α binding consensus sequence was identified at 903 base pairs upstream from the transcription start site of Pparg2. Deletion or point mutation of the sequence in a luciferase reporter containing the Pparg2 promoter abolished HNF4α-mediated activation in HeLa cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assays further confirmed direct recruitment and binding of HNF4α to the site. Gene expression analysis with liver samples from subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis suggested that the axis of the Hes6-Hnf4a-Pparg2 transcriptional cascade is also responsible for hepatic fat accumulation in humans. Conclusion: HES6 represses Pparg2 gene expression, thereby preventing hepatic lipid accumulation induced by chronic Western diet feeding or pathophysiologic conditions. (Hepatology Communications 2017;1:1085-1098).
Academic capitalism and the entrepreneurial university: some perspectives from the Americas

Since the Worldwide Financial Crisis of 2008, higher education institutions around the world have been forced to change their financial practices to focus on the bottom line. One such approach is academic capitalism, the heart of which is the entrepreneurial university which views faculty members as producers of capital (not educators), students as consumers (not learners), and business/industry, accreditors, and NGOs as valued business partners. This article defines academic capitalism, reviews the research literature, presents perspectives of academic capitalism in the Americas and discusses the implications of academic capitalism for Latin America. The article ends using anthropophagi to assess what is useful about academic capitalism for Brazil.
Midlife, Multigenerational Bonds, and Caregiving

The dramatic increases in life expectancy that have occurred throughout the twentieth century have had a profound impact on both individuals and families. In 1900, the average life expectancy was 47 years and people over 65 years of age accounted for approximately only 4 % of the U.S. population—or less than one in 25 persons. Today, life expectancy at birth has risen to 72.5 years for men and 79.3 years for women and people over the age of 65 represent 12.8 % of the total U.S. population (U.S. Census Bureau, 2000). The democratization of the aging experience or the longevity revolution has led to a life course revolution (Skolnick, 1991). The changes in mortality have greatly influenced the concepts of young, middle, and older adulthood. Moreover, as a result of longer life expectancy, many of today’s families are multigenerational. Indeed, the modal family structure for American adults aged 50–54 is a three-generation family of adults who have one or more parents or parents-in-law and one or more children.
Perioperative do-not-resuscitate orders.

Although there are valid reasons to suspend do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders during surgery, the decision to do so should be discussed with patients and should take into account their goals and objectives.
Automated generation of graphic sketches by example

Hand-crafting effective visual presentations is time-consuming and requires design skills. Here we present a case-based graphic sketch generation algorithm, which uses a database of existing graphic examples (cases) to automatically create a sketch of a presentation for a new user request. As the first case-based learning approach to graphics generation, our work offers three unique contributions. First, we augment a similarity metric with a set of adequacy evaluation criteria to retrieve a case that is most similar to the request and is also usable in sketch synthesis. To facilitate the retrieval of case fragments, we develop a systematic approach to case/request decomposition when a usable case cannot be found. Second, we improve case retrieval speed by organizing cases into hierarchical clusters based on their similarity distances and by using dynamically selected cluster representatives. Third, we develop a general case composition method to synthesize a new sketch from multiple retrieved cases. Furthermore, we have implemented our casebased sketch generation algorithm in a user-system cooperative graphics design system called IMPROVISE, which helps users to generate creative and tailored presentations.
River Basin Development

While river basins have been important sites of human activity for thousands of years, it was not until the early twentieth century that development began to transform basin ecosystems and spur regional development. Supported by technological and engineering advances and underpinned by an unquestioned faith in humankind's right to control nature for its own benefit, river basin development was carried forth with little recognition of the ecological, social, economic, and cultural benefits of free-flowing rivers. As a consequence, river basins around the world suffer from significant environmental degradation. Large-scale, multipurpose basin development was pioneered in the Global North (in the US in particular), where, in the 1930s, basins such the Tennessee, Columbia, and Colorado underwent massive transformations. In the post-World War II era, this model was imposed on and adopted by the countries of the Global South. In both cases, river basin development facilitated commercialization of agriculture, settlement in floodplains, and industrialization. In other words, basin development promoted modernization and regional development. In the latter decades of the twentieth century and the early years of the twenty-first century, concern for the ecological and social impacts of river basin development have grown. As a result, basin development schemes and management plans – and the narrow vision of modernization upon which they are often based – tend to be more politicized and contested than was the case in the early and mid-twentieth century. Today, in response to critiques, sustainable development and integrated river basin management are key concepts guiding river basin–society relations. While advances in sustainable management have been significant, many challenges remain. This is especially the case in transboundary river basins, where the disjunction between sovereign states and ecosystems complicates the sharing and management of natural resources.
Toward the Evaluation of an Implementation Against Side-Channel Attacks

In this chapter, we propose a formal practice-oriented model for the analysis of cryptographic primitives against side-channel attacks was introduced as a specialization of Micali and Reyzin’s “physically observable cryptography” paradigm [MR04] introduced in [SMY06].
Protein Kinase C-Delta (PKCδ) Tyrosine Phosphorylation is a Critical Regulator of Neutrophil-Endothelial Cell Interaction in Inflammation.

Background Neutrophil dysfunction plays an important role in inflammation-induced tissue injury. Previously, we identified protein kinase C-δ (PKCδ) as a critical controller of neutrophil activation and trafficking but how PKCδ is regulated in inflammation has not been delineated. PKCδ activity is regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation on multiple sites. Tyrosine155 is a key regulator of apoptosis and gene expression, but its role in proinflammatory signaling is not known. Methods In-vitro studies - superoxide anion (O2) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were measured in bone marrow neutrophils (BMN) isolated from wild type (WT) and PKCδY155F knock-in mice (PKCδ tyrosine 155 → phenylalanine). Our novel 3D biomimetic microfluidic assay (bMFA) was used to delineate PKCδ-mediated regulation of individual steps in neutrophil adhesion and migration using WT and PKCδY155F BMN and mouse lung microvascular endothelial cells (MLMVEC). In-vivo studies - WT and PKCδY155F knock-in mice underwent sham or cecal ligation and puncture surgery and the lungs harvested 24 h post-surgery. Results In vitro - PKCδY155F BMN had significantly reduced O2 and NETs release compared with WT. WT BMN, but not PKCδY155F BMN, demonstrated significant adhesion and migration across tumor necrosis factor-activated MLMVEC in bMFA. PKCδ inhibition significantly reduced WT BMN adhesion and migration under low shear and near bifurcations, but had no effect on PKCδY155F BMN. In vivo - mutation of PKCδ tyrosine 155 significantly decreased neutrophil migration into the lungs of septic mice. Conclusions PKCδ tyrosine 155 is a key phosphorylation site controlling proinflammatory signaling and neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions. These studies provide mechanistic insights into PKCδ regulation during inflammation.
Barriers and Facilitators to HIV Testing Among Women.

Aim The purpose of this secondary analysis was to analyze for barriers and facilitators to HIV testing in women attending community health clinics. Introduction The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), reported that all women account for 20% or 1 in 5 of new HIV cases (CDC, 2012). Of those new cases in heterosexual women, 5,300 were Black, 1,300 were White, and 1,200 were Hispanic/Latina. The CDC estimated that in 2012 there were 9,268 individuals living with a diagnosis of HIV or AIDS, of which 19% were women. Results The existing de-identified data consisted of thirty individual interviews conducted using a semi-structured interview guide was collected as the initial phase of the parent study, "HIV Testing and Women's Attitudes on HIV Vaccine Trials". This secondary analysis addressed the identification of key obstacles to HIV testing and only those related portions of the transcripts were analyzed. The major themes identified were familiarity with testing, stigma, fear, perceived risks, and access to care. Conclusion The themes implicated the need to further assess women for barriers and facilitators to testing, tailor community based interventions that have the ability to decrease fear and stigma, increase trust in testing methods and offer counseling to positive results.
Craniectomy Effects on Resting State Functional Connectivity and Cognitive Performance in Immature Rats

Experimental models have been proven to be valuable tools to understand downstream cellular mechanisms of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). The models allow for reduction of confounding variables and tighter control of varying parameters. It has been recently reported that craniectomy induces pro-inflammatory responses, which therefore needs to be properly addressed given the fact that craniectomy is often considered a control procedure for experimental TBI models. The current study aims to determine whether a craniectomy induces alterations in Resting State Network (RSN) in a developmental rodent model. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data-driven RSN show clusters of peak differences (left caudate putamen, somatosensory cortex, amygdala and piriform cortex) between craniectomy and control group, four days post-craniectomy. In addition, the Novel Object Recognition (NOR) task revealed impaired working memory in the craniectomy group. This evidence supports craniectomy-induced neurological changes which need to be carefully addressed, considering the frequent use of craniectomy as a control procedure for experimental models of TBI.
Cross-validation of incidental learning tasks from the WAIS-IV as a measure of memory.

Although incidental learning (IL) routinely occurs in everyday life, it is infrequently assessed during neuropsychological evaluations. This study aimed to further examine the concurrent validity o...
Art of prevention: The importance of measles recognition and vaccination.

Abstract Measles is a viral infection that has a characteristic pattern of prodromal symptoms followed by a rash. Previously considered an inevitable childhood condition, measles is known as the “first” classic childhood exanthem. For most children, measles was a one-time, short-term illness; however, some children developed complications that led to severe sequelae and death. The introduction of the measles vaccine dramatically decreased the number of cases, but the current trend against vaccination has caused outbreaks of the condition. We propose the implementation of the AAA approach (assume, advise, and answer) as a way for providers to directly encourage the administration of the vaccine and prevent future cases of measles.
Revisiting Waco and the Branch Davidian Tragedy

Twenty-five years ago, the deadliest standoff in US law enforcement history began on the outskirts of Waco, Texas. The confrontation between the Branch Davidians (an offshoot of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church) and the US Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF) at the Davidians’ Mount Carmel Center lasted fifty-one days and took the lives of seventy-six people. When the standoff came to its fiery end on April 19, 1993 media reports were quick to label the Branch Davidians a “cult” and their leader David Koresh a “madman.” The name “Waco” became synonymous with the standoff in the public imagination, a connection that city officials have actively worked to shed.
Small animal PET imaging of GRP78 receptor expression with 18F-Mut42 in human pancreatic cancer xenografts

1610 Objectives: The glucose-regulated protein (GRP) overexpression is closely associated with aggressive growth and invasive properties of many human cancers. In this study, we developed a 18F labeled Mut42 peptide for small animal positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of pancreatic tumor by targeting GRP78 overexpression. Methods: GRP78-targeting peptide Mut42 was first conjugated with a macrocyclic chelator, 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA), and the resulted bioconjugate NOTA-Mut42 was then 18F-labeled to synthesize 18F-AlF-NOTA-Mut42. The disassociation constant of 18F-AlF-NOTA-Mut42 for Panc-1 tumor cell line was measured through Scatchard plot. The tumor targeting efficacy and in vivo profile of 18F-AlF-NOTA-Mut42 were further evaluated in a subcutaneous Panc-1 pancreatic cancer xenograft model by microPET and biodistribution study. Results: NOTA-Mut42 was successfully 18F-fluorinated with good yield within 40 min using the Al18F intermediate. The Kd of 18F-AlF-NOTA-Mut42 was determined to be 3.55 ± 0.72 nM by Saturation binding assay. Serum stability of 18F-AlF-NOTA-Mut42 demonstrated its excellent in vitro stability up to 2-hour incubation at 37 °C. MicroPET quantitation of tumor and major organs was realized by pixel analysis of regions of interest. Uptake in Panc-1 tumors, liver, kidney, and muscle at 60 min. post injection was calculated to be 2.24 ± 0.34, 1.24 ± 0.13, 6.55 ± 0.91, and 0.20 ± 0.02 %ID/g, respectively. When coinjected with 5 µg/g body weight of Mut42, the tracer uptake in the Panc-1 tumor dropped from 4.27 ± 0.43 %ID/g to 2.13 ± 0.21 %ID/g at 10 min p.i. and from 2.24 ± 0.34%ID/g to 0.90 ± 0.11%ID/g at 60 min p.i., which demonstrate GRP78 receptor specific binding for 18F-AlF-NOTA-Mut42. In the biodistribution study, the tumor/pancreas ratios of 18F-AlF-NOTA-Mut42 at 60 min p.i. was 10.96 ± 0.21, which makes 18F-AlF-NOTA-Mut42 a potential PET probe to detect malignant lesions in pancreas with minimum background uptake. The bone uptake of 18F-AlF-NOTA-Mut42 was only 0.10 ± 0.01 %ID/g at 1 h p.i., which proves the good stability of 18F-AlF-NOTA in vivo against the 18F-deflourination. Taken together, 18F-AlF-NOTA-Mut42 showed good stability, high tumor uptake, fast clearance from the body, and good tumor to normal organ uptake ratios. Conclusions: NOTA-Mut42 bioconjugate has been successfully prepared and labeled with Al18F in one single step of radiosynthesis. The favorable in vivo performance and the short radiosynthetic route of 18F-AlF-NOTA-Mut42 warrant further optimization of the probe and the radiofluorination strategy to accelerate the clinical translation of 18F-labeled Mut42 peptide for GRP78 receptor quantification.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Accounting Function—A Revisit and a New Perspective for Developing Framework

In this paper, we evaluate the current ability of the accounting function to accommodate the introduction of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the organization. This topic has been widely discussed i...
Accessibility Information Needs in the Enterprise

We describe the questions asked about accessibility, both through information searches and direct queries, within a large multinational corporation over a period of two years, finding an emphasis on topics covering enterprise requirements for testing, recording, and reporting compliance. Our analysis finds that up to 66% of these questions may be answerable by an accessibility ontology, but only 26% of the terms in the questions are concepts found in existing available accessibility ontologies. To fill this gap, we introduce the Enterprise Accessibility Conformance Ontology, which extends previous ontologies to include the relevant concepts. We demonstrate the use of the ontology to provide a unifying model of the accessibility domain that contributed to a 22% performance improvement for a question-answering accessibility conformance chatbot.
Lana Chimpanzee Learns to Count by “Numath”: A Summary of a Videotaped Experimental Report

Computerized training programs whereby an adult female chimpanzee learned to use a joystick to remove from a screen the number of boxes appropriate to the value of a randomly selected Arabic numeral 1, 2, or 3, are studied. Initial training provided a variety of cues, both numeric and otherwise, to support correct performance. In the final test, the ape was correct on over 80 percent of trials in which there was no residual feedback of intratrial events and where only her memory of those events could provide the cue to indicate that she had removed boxes in accordance with the value of the target numbers and should terminate the trial.
Sociometry, Psychodrama, and Experiential Teaching in Social Work Education and Supervision

This chapter is devoted to the use of Moreno’s methods within education and supervision contexts to prepare the next generation of competent social work practitioners. The history and current state of Moreno’s methods in US and international academia is outlined, along with limitations to embedding psychodrama within university settings. Social work education’s history of experiential education is described with its relevance to sociometry and psychodrama as experiential teaching tools. Research on the effectiveness of experiential teaching and role-play in the classroom is offered and the importance of supervision in social work and psychodrama is highlighted. Examples and structured prompts are provided with a focus on using experiential sociometry processes (spectrograms, locograms, floor checks, step-in sociometry, hands-on-shoulder sociograms, and the circle of strengths) to enhance the learning experience of social work students, interns, and supervisees in various settings. Vignettes are also included which depict the use of written sociometric processes and psychodramatic role-plays within supervision or mentorship contexts.
Animal drug use considerations of the bovine practitioner

The following paper is solely a personal opinion, not official policy of the A.A.B.P. We need to educate the public and especially the press that we have the most wholesome and the least expensive food supply in the world. To be able to accomplish this, I call on the Pharmaceutical Industry, the Center for Veterinary Medicine, all facets of veterinary medicine and animal industries to work together to provide food animal practitioners with new and better products for treatment of their patients so we do not have to use “extra label” treatments. If we do not, we may go back to the time when treatment of choice was whiskey and tender, loving care, but we will not be able to use whiskey, because it will be off label. I hope I have enlightened you to the problems that face the dairy practitioner when it comes to proper drug usage. The “dollar and sense” to the dairy practitioner amounts to the fact that “extra label” is the rule, not the exception when using antibiotics, tranquilizers and anesthetics, because we do not have effective or approved drugs in these groups.
Book Review: Local News from Someplace Else

Local News from Someplace Else. By Maijorie Maddox. Eugene, Ore.: Wipf & Stock, 2013. xii + 92 pp. $14.00 (paper).It is now a commonplace that modem poets tend to embrace, well, the commonplace. They don't compose epics about journeys to the underworld; they don't rhyme about major historical battles; they avoid supernatural tales. They instead write insightful poems about simple things or everyday objects. Spiral notebooks. Ferns. Wheelbarrows. These are a few of their favorite things.The virtue of this interest in the everyday is that it helps us recognize the value and significance of things we otherwise take for granted. From a religious perspective, this technique reminds us of God's place in the quotidian. But sometimes such poems can make the reader yearn for a bigger subject, one with a broader significance and stronger emotional impact.Marjorie Maddox's fourth book of poetry, Local News from Someplace Else, gives us poems about the commonplace that also satisfy this desire for something more. On the one hand, she writes about events that most of us have never been through: terrorist attacks, deadly storms, armed robberies, plane crashes, school shootings, kidnappings, unsolved deaths, murdered children, hunting accidents, cancer. But these are events that we hear about all too often, if not every day, and Maddox explores how we try to understand pain in distant places.Maddox, a professor of English at Lock Haven University, recognizes that her subjects carry an inherent emotional weight and so avoids melodrama and hyperbole. She uses subtlety and restraint when imagining the thoughts of those directly involved with tragedy. "The Good Mother Hides from Photographers" (p. 14) uses metaphors of photography to depict a mothers grief and shame when her daughter commits a crime; "Pennsylvania September: The Witnesses," (p. 17) uses the distinct voices of three different people to recall the crash of United flight 93.Other poems take a more personal (but never solipsistic) approach by meditating on the effects that terrible events have on distant observers. In "Reoccurring Storms" (p. 59), Maddox recounts several weather-related tragedies, including a deadly tornado in Oklahoma from which a family hid in a bathtub. Two boys were killed; the father, daughter, and pregnant mother survived. Maddox's moving final stanzas lead us into the mind of the daughter before casting us back into "the ordinary":And in Oklahoma, five-year-old Cathleen,who, amidst the hurricane's howl,recognized hope in the heartbeatof her unborn sibling:that faint hum in the ear;or that sudden surge toward possibilityinto what one day even you and I-after a particularly hard day of the ordinary-might discuss as casuallyas weather, as someone else's life. …
Discrete-time LQR techniques in the control of modern canals

This chapter discusses that the operation of modem canals is quite complex—a hierarchical control system is typically employed to minimize operational expenses and to schedule and regulate the flow of water. It addresses three major issues faced in the application of the linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) theory to the regulation of large flow transitions in multi-pool canal systems. These are: the development of an accurate yet simple linear model of the flow dynamics, a physically meaningful method of performance index selection, and the selection of reference inputs which allow control over transient wave magnitude. The model develops the regulation algorithm as a time and space discretized approximation of the St. Venant Eqs. The dynamic response of the wave equation, which is easily developed analytically, is used as a guideline for developing the penalty function coefficients. The wave equation develops reference inputs for large flow transitions so that transient wave magnitudes are controlled. A simulation of a low order linear regulator controlling a much higher order nonlinear model of the flow dynamics demonstrates the performance and robustness of the design.
Empirical study on Communities of Practice and E-commerce: influence of community of practice on pricing on eBay

Virtual communities as well as e-commerce have gained on importance in people daily life. The percentage of e-commerce sales in US retails has increase from 0.8 percent in 1 quarter of 2000 to 2.2 percent of total retail sales in 1 quarter of 2005. Most notably, eBay has become the largest person-to-person online market. At the same time increasing number of people, based on their shared interests, participate voluntarily in various virtual communities of practice. However, empirical studies regarding influences of those COPs toward e-commerce are still rare. For this reason, the purpose of our study is to find out how COP could influence e-commerce. We particularly look at empirical evidence of COP’s influence on pricing on eBay. At the end we discuss how COPs could be helpful for those who involve in e-commerce.
Implementing Group Medical Visits for Older Adults at Group Health Cooperative

In a pair of randomized controlled trials in the Kaiser Permanente delivery system in Colorado in the 1990s, group visits for older adults (monthly non-disease-specific group medical appointments for a cohort of patients led by primary care teams) were proven to reduce costs, decrease hospitalizations, and improve patient and provider satisfaction. As part of a translational effort, this group visit intervention was replicated in a delivery system in Seattle, Washington, and the log of total healthcare costs was measured in the first year of the intervention. Utilization and patient and physician satisfaction were secondary outcomes. For the cost and utilization analysis, a retrospective case-control design compared 221 case patients aged 65 and older with high outpatient usage in the previous 18 months with 1,015 control patients selected randomly from clinics not participating in the intervention. Controls were matched to cases on the number of primary care visits in the prior 18 months. Total costs were not statistically different for intervention patients and controls ($8,845 vs $10,288, P=.11), nor were there statistically significant differences in utilization, including hospital admissions and outpatient visits, but patient and provider satisfaction with the intervention was high. This translational effort did not demonstrate the cost savings of the original efficacy trials. Possible explanations for these divergent results may have to do with differences between those who participated and differences between the two delivery systems.