cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
SU-D-BRD-04: A Logical Organizational Approach to Clinical Information Management

Purpose: To develop a clinical information management system (CIMS) that collects, organizes physician inputs logically and supports analysis functionality. Methods: In a conventional electronic medical record system (EMR), the document manager component stores data in a pool of standalone .docx or .pdf files. The lack of a content-based logical organization makes cross-checking, reference or automatic inheritance of information challenging. We have developed an information-oriented clinical record system that addresses this shortcoming. In CIMS, a parent library predefines a set of available questions along with the data types of their expected answers. The creation of a questionnaire template is achieved by selecting questions from this parent library to form a virtual group. Instances of the same data field in different documents are linked by their question identifier. This design allows for flexible data sharing and inheritance among various forms using a longitudinal lineage of data indexed according to the modification time stamps of the documents. CIMS is designed with a web portal to facilitate querying, data entry and modification, aggregate report generation, and data adjudication. The current implementation addresses diagnostic data, medical history, vital signs, and various quantities in consult note and treatment summaries. Results: CIMS is currently storing treatment summary information of over 1,000 patients who have received treatment at UCLA Radiation Oncology between March 1, 2013 and January 31, 2014. We are in the process of incorporating a DICOM-RT dosimetry parser and patient reporting applications into CIMS, as well as continuing to define document templates to support additional forms. Conclusion: We are able to devise an alternative storage paradigm which results in an improvement in the accuracy and organizational structure of clinical information.
Detection of methylated sequences in eukaryotic DNA with the restriction endonucleases Smai and Xmai.

Abstract The restriction endonuclease Xma I cleaves eukaryotic DNA whether or not its recognition sequence (C ↓ -C-C-G-G-G) contains 5-methylcytosine in the CpG dinucleotide. This is in contrast to its isoschizomer, endo R Sma I, which does not cleave DNA if the CpG of its recognition sequence (C-C-C ↓ G-G-G) is methylated. Thus, this isoschizomer pair will be useful in the study of eukaryotic DNA methylation.
Review of laxative utilization in a skilled nursing facility.

: Laxatives are the most frequently prescribed drugs in long-term care facilities. Of all nursing home patients, 58 percent receive laxatives—often more than one, and usually on a “prn” basis. This pattern of dosage is probably used in an effort to prevent constipation. Selection of a laxative should be based on careful evaluation of the cause of constipation, with due consideration being given to differences in drug effectiveness and the incidence of side effects. A review of laxative utilization among 73 elderly patients in a large metropolitan skilled nursing facility showed a rational use of these drugs. However, more attention should have been paid to the dietary management of constipation.
Pulmonary “twinning” procedures: Use of lungs from one donor for single-lung transplantation in two recipients

Abstract Since the introduction of lung transplantation as an option for patients with end-stage respiratory disease in the early 1980s, there have been substantial advances made in the technical aspects of transplantation as well as the early clinical results. With an ever-increasing number of patients being designated suitable candidates for transplantation, the volume of transplants in the foreseeable future will be limited more on the basis of donor lung supply than any other single factor. Pulmonary "twinning" provides an important step in ensuring that all suitable and available donor lungs are utilized whenever feasible. This report reviews the results of 20 single-lung transplantations carried out in five separate transplantation centers using organs retrieved from ten donors. The overall mortality rate in this group of patients was 5%, which compares very favorably with historical controls. No serious problem was noted with respect to increased perioperative morbidity or increased ischemic times in this group of patients. We suggest that this process should be considered and, wherever possible, adopted by all major lung transplant centers.
Ideology: Its Resurgence in Social, Personality, and Political Psychology:

We trace the rise, fall, and resurgence of political ideology as a topic of research in social, personality, and political psychology. For over 200 years, political belief systems have been classified usefully according to a single left-right (or liberal-conservative) dimension that, we believe, possesses two core aspects: (a) advocating versus resisting social change and (b) rejecting versus accepting inequality. There have been many skeptics of the notion that most people are ideologically inclined, but recent psychological evidence suggests that left-right differences are pronounced in many life domains. Implicit as well as explicit preferences for tradition, conformity, order, stability, traditional values, and hierarchy-versus those for progress, rebelliousness, chaos, flexibility, feminism, and equality-are associated with conservatism and liberalism, respectively. Conservatives score consistently higher than liberals on measures of system justification. Furthermore, there are personality and lifestyle differences between liberals and conservatives as well as situational variables that induce either liberal or conservative shifts in political opinions. Our thesis is that ideological belief systems may be structured according to a left-right dimension for largely psychological reasons linked to variability in the needs to reduce uncertainty and threat.
Nonlinear Meissner effect in a d -wave superconductor: Extension to all orders of the vector potential

The analysis of the intrinsic nonlinear Meissner effect in a $d$-wave superconductor is extended here to include all vector-potential orders. This is a continuation of the previously published analysis [D. Agassi and D. E. Oates, Phys Rev. B 72, 014538 (2005)] that was carried out to third order of the vector potential. The extended analysis now agrees qualitatively with the experimentally determined power dependence. This new analysis also predicts the power level at which the nonlinear response changes from an intrinsic pair-breaking nonlinearity to one where possibly vortex motion dominates.
Case study: topographical brain mapping in hostility following mild closed head injury.

Previous research suggests that right frontal and temporal lobe arousal may inhibit and elicit hostility, respectively. For example, emotional lability (including rage) has resulted from lesion of the bulbar motor nuclei, and neocortical upper motor neurons in particular (Lieberman & Benson, 1977). Ablation of hypothalamic sites has resulted in sham rage (Flynn, Cummings & Tomiyasu, 1988; Sachdev, Smith, Matheson & Last, 1992; Tonkonogy & Geller, 1992) suggesting that these frontal pathways may inhibit hostility. In the present study, a patient with hostility management problems secondary to closed head injury from a motor vehicle accident was evaluated using topographical brain mapping and quantitative electroencephalograph (QEEG) techniques. Comparisons of beta magnitude were performed between frontal and temporal sites at the right and left cerebrums. The results support the contention of an oppositional anterior to posterior mediation of hostility. The present electroencephalagraphic research supports...
24.2 A power-efficient switched-capacitor stimulating system for electrical/optical deep-brain stimulation

A power-efficient wireless switched-capacitor based stimulating (SCS) system for electrical/optical deep brain stimulation (DBS) is presented. The SCS system efficiently charges storage capacitors directly from an inductive link and delivers accurately balanced charge to the tissue, improving the overall stimulator efficiency. In addition, the decaying exponential stimulus pulses generated by SCS can be more effective than conventional rectangular and ramp stimuli in activating neural tissue when consuming the same amount of energy, leading to higher stimulus efficacy. A 4-channel wireless SCS system in 0.35 µm CMOS process achieves stimulator efficiency of 80.4% with capacitor pairs charged to ±2V, while the decaying exponential stimulus requires equal or less stimulus energy and injected charge than other stimuli depending on pulse width to activate the same tissue area. The SCS system has also been utilized for power-efficient wireless optogenetic stimulation by periodically discharging capacitors into high-current micro-LED arrays. Results from acute in vivo experiments have verified the utility of the SCS system prototype in both electrical and optical stimulation.
A Prevalence Study of the Clinical Signs Associated with Mandibular Dysfunction

The fact that a large percentage of patients have palpable TMJ irregularities raises important, yet unanswered, questions.
Arthroscopic treatment of anterior disc displacement: A preliminary report

A new suturing technique for stabilizing anteriorly displaced discs that have been reduced arthroscopically after removal of adhesions, lateral pterygoid release, and stretching the lateral capsule is presented. This procedure has provided successful results, although the evaluation is only short-term. No complications have occurred using this suturing technique.
Pharmacokinetically-Guided Lead Optimization of Nitrofuranylamide Anti-Tuberculosis Agents

In an effort to develop novel and more potent therapies to treat tuberculosis, a new class of chemical agents, nitrofuranylamides, is being developed. The present study examines biopharmaceutic properties and preclinical pharmacokinetics of nitrofuranylamides at early stages of drug discovery to accelerate the optimization of leads into development candidates. The first tested compound, Lee 562, had high anti-tuberculosis activity in vitro, but exhibited poor metabolic stability resulting in a high systemic clearance, a short elimination half-life and low oral bioavailability in vivo in rats. Thus, two follow-up compounds were designed and tested that included structural modifications for increased metabolic stability. Both compounds showed improved metabolic stability compared to Lee 562, with Lee 878 being much more stable than Lee 952. As a consequence, the oral bioavailability of Lee 878 reached ~27% compared to 16% for the other two compounds. This observation prompted us to select compounds based on metabolic stability screening and a new set of nine compounds with high in vitro activity were tested for metabolic stability. The most stable compound in the assay, Lee 1106 was selected for further pharmacokinetic evaluation in rats. Surprisingly, Lee 1106 exhibited poor oral bioavailability, 4.6%. Biopharmaceutic evaluation of the compound showed that the compound has poor aqueous solubility and a high clogP. Based on these results, a screening paradigm was developed for optimization of the nitrofuranylamide lead compounds in a timely and cost-effective manner that might also be applicable to other classes of anti-infective drugs.
A multi-radio unification protocol for IEEE 802.11 wireless networks

We present a link layer protocol called the multi-radio unification protocol or MUP. On a single node, MUP coordinates the operation of multiple wireless network cards tuned to non-overlapping frequency channels. The goal of MUP is to optimize local spectrum usage via intelligent channel selection in a multihop wireless network. MUP works with standard-compliant IEEE 802.11 hardware, does not require changes to applications or higher-level protocols, and can be deployed incrementally. The primary usage scenario for MUP is a multihop community wireless mesh network, where cost of the radios and battery consumption are not limiting factors. We describe the design and implementation of MUP, and analyze its performance using both simulations and measurements based on our implementation. Our results show that under dynamic traffic patterns with realistic topologies, MUP significantly improves both TCP throughput and user perceived latency for realistic workloads.
Error Analysis of Scheduling Sleeping Nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks

The sleeping technique is one of the most popular ways to save energy of battery powered sensor nodes. Many existing researches on sleeping technique are based on the pre-knowledge of sensor nodes deployment, e.g., a known probability distribution of sensor nodes in the target sensing field. Thus, whether or not a scheduling sleeping scheme has a good performance mostly depend upon the pre-knowledge of sensor nodes deployment. In this paper, we show the discrepancy of scheme performances including energy consumption and network lifetime based on inaccurate pre-knowledge of sensor deployment. Through the analytical studies, we conclude that the discrepancy is very large and can not be neglected. We hence propose a distribution-free approach to study energy consumption. In our approach, no assumption of probability distribution of sensor node deployment is needed. The proposed approach has yielded good estimation of network energy consumption.
The modified radical vulvectomy with groin dissection: An eight-year experience

Fifty-one patients were admitted to a single practice at St. Joseph's Hospital between April 1, 1978, and April 1, 1986 with a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva >1 mm in depth. Five advanced lesions were treated with combinations of radiation and surgery. Four patients had recurrent squamous cell carcinoma. Of 42 patients treated surgically with intention of cure, 14 were treated with complete radical vulvectomy and bilateral inguinofemoral lymphadenectomies, and 28 patients were treated in 26 instances with bilateral inguinofemoral lymphadenectomies in one of five different excision patterns individualized to the site of primary tumor. None of the 28 patients have had a recurrence. Five had positive nodes. Eight have died of unrelated causes. Lesions in 25 cases were stage I or II and in three cases they were stage III. Modified radical vulvectomy and bilateral groin dissection is a safe approach for most patients with stage I or II and occasionally even stage III lesions.
Marking Methods and Field Experiments to Estimate Aster Leafhopper (Macrosteles quadrilineaus) Dispersal Rates

Abstract Four mark-release-recapture experiments were conducted from May to September 2000, to construct a 3D dispersal model for aster leafhopper (Macrosteles quadrilineatus Forbes). In the laboratory, flight mills and an optical sensor were used to measure the effects of fluorescent dust and rabbit protein marking on flight activity of aster leafhopper. No significant differences in proportion of leafhoppers flying, distance flown, average flight speed, or wing-beat frequencies were observed among marked leafhoppers versus unmarked controls. Leafhoppers were sampled in a grid pattern around a central release point of marked leafhoppers to estimate the patterns of leafhopper abundance and the distribution of dispersal distances. Geostatistical analysis of numbers of aster leafhopper adults captured by vacuum sampling in the grid pattern around a central release point was used to examine differences in dispersal pattern among crops. The spatial correlation range was ≈200 m for lettuce but only ≈35 m for e...
The geometry of the articulatory region that produces a speech sound

It is known that some speech sounds are produced by more than a single vocal tract shape. Here, we study to what extent individual articulators (e.g. the tongue tip) are constrained by a given acoustic frame. We use parametric and nonparametric methods for articulatory inversion and quantify the error incurred by inversion methods, and the dimensionality and multimodality of the inverse region in articulatory space that corresponds to a speech sound.
Modeling and analysis of dynamic decision making in sequential two-choice tasks

We present the construction and analysis of a dynamical system model for human decision making in sequential two-choice tasks, in which a human subject makes a series of interrelated decisions between two choices in order to obtain the maximum reward. For a nominal decision making policy inspired by behavioral aspects of humans, we show asymptotic behavior of such decision making process in sequential two-choice tasks for various types of reward structures. Our work gives a control theory oriented perspective to the experiments carried out by cognitive scientists.
Mineral chemistry and the origin of enstatite in unequilibrated enstatite chondrites

Abstract A comprehensive study of the petrography, cathodoluminescence (CL), rare earth element (REE) abundances, and magnesium and silicon isotopic compositions of enstatite, the major mineral in unequilibrated enstatite chondrites (UECs), is reported. For comparison, observations were also made in equilibrated enstatite chondrites (EECs) and aubrites. In UECs, there are no REE patterns or abundances that uniquely characterize the CL color and intensity, grain size, or occurrence of enstatite. Red enstatite is dominant in UECs and blue enstatite in EECs. Three REE patterns represent the diversity observed in UEC enstatite; many grains are depleted in one or more of the three most volatile REEs under reducing conditions (i.e., Yb, Eu, and Sm). All REE patterns are compatible with the fractional crystallization (during chondrule formation) of melts whose precursors either had flat REE patterns or were depleted in the most volatile REEs. No evidence was found to suggest that enstatite grains require nebular condensation or multiple reservoirs, as suggested by others. Magnesium and silicon isotopic ratios are normal, therefore excluding the role of evaporation in separating the REEs. This fractionation was most likely accomplished during condensation of the chondrule precursors. Our data, combined with synthetic experiments, support the idea that coexisting red and blue CL enstatites formed by crystallization from a single melt. Most of the red enstatite was converted to blue by diffusion and recrystallization to form the more equilibrated E chondrites. It is not clear why enstatite is depleted in the most volatile REEs while oldhamite, a highly refractory mineral which is the major carrier of REE in E chondrites, commonly has enrichments of these elements.
Representation, generation, and analysis of mechanical assembly sequences with k-ary operations

A new methodology is presented to generate all of the assembly sequences for a production system configured as a N-station assembly line with kn (n = 1, 2,…, N) parts or subassemblies to be assembled at stations 1, 2,…, N, respectively. This expands current approaches in sequence generation applicable for binary assembly process to a k-ary assembly process by including: (i) nonbinary state between two parts, i.e., multiple joints between two parts or subassemblies, is taken into consideration, and (ii) simultaneous assembly of Y (Y3) parts or subassemblies. The methodology is based upon proposed k-piece graph and k-piece mixed graph approaches for the assemblies without and with assembly precedence relationship, respectively. Compared with the currently used liaisons graph (or datum flow chain) representation which shows part-to-part assembly relations, the k-piece graph (or k-piece mixed graph) shows all of the feasible subassemblies and their constituent parts and joints (pairs of mating features). Based upon the k-piece graph or k-piece mixed-graph approach, all of the feasible subassemblies for a predetermined assembly line configuration are identified, and all of the sequences for a k-ary assembly process are generated. Case studies are presented to illustrate the advantages of the presented methodology over the state-of-the-art research in assembly sequence generation.
Method for verifying the air kerma strength of I-125 plaques for the treatment of ocular melanoma

The purpose of this work was to develop a method for easily verifying that the activity or air kerma strength of pre-assembled eye plaques, used in the treatment of ocular melanomas, agrees with the activity or air kerma strength called for in the treatment plan. A Capintec CRC-7 Dose Calibrator with its standard vial/syringe sample holder was used to measure the activity of pre-assembled COMS and Eye Physics EP917 eye plaques using IsoAid Advantage I-125 seeds. Plaque activity measurements were made by placing the plaque face up in the center of a 5 cm tall Styrofoam insert in the source holder. Activity measurements were made with the source holder rotated to four angles (0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°). The average of these four values was converted to air kerma strength and divided by the assay air kerma strength, from the NIST traceable source calibration, and decayed to the plaque measurement date, to determine a plaque calibration factor. The average of the calibration factors for each plaque type was used to establish a calibration factor for each plaque type. Several partially loaded plaque configurations were included in this study and different methods were used to determine the effects of partial loading. This verification method is easy to implement with commonly available equipment and is effective in identifying possible errors. During this two-year study, the air kerma strength of 115 eye plaques was checked and 11 possible errors were identified.
Levels of Organization in the Song of the Bobolink (Icteridae: Dolichonyginae)

and Summary By comparison with other icterids, the bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) sings an unusually long and complex song. The songs of four male bobolinks were analysed in terms of units at four different levels of analysis: the figure, the figure-sequence, the song-pattern, and the song. The different levels of analysis show different degrees of stereotypy and variation. Individual males in the study area differed in the frequency of use of the different song-patterns and in the way they assembled them into songs. Immediate repetition of song patterns within a song was unusual. Songs sung from fixed perches were shorter than songs sung in flight. The results suggest that the length of bobolink song is in part a consequence of its use of the song as a part of an elaborate flight display, and that the unit we called the “song-pattern” was closest to the unit designated “song” in most other species.
Creative collaboration Using the library to promote scholarship

Article describing the collaborative exhibition program at the University of Kansas Libraries.
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 DNA Polymerase Requires the Mammalian Chaperone Hsp90 for Proper Localization to the Nucleus

Many viruses and bacteriophage utilize chaperone systems for DNA replication and viral morphogenesis. We have previously shown that in the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-infected cell nucleus, foci enriched in the Hsp70/Hsp40 chaperone machinery are formed adjacent to viral replication compartments (A. D. Burch and S. K. Weller, J. Virol. 78:7175-7185, 2004). These foci have now been named virus-induced chaperone-enriched (VICE) foci. Since the Hsp90 chaperone machinery is known to engage the Hsp70/Hsp40 system in eukaryotes, the subcellular localization of Hsp90 in HSV-1-infected cells was analyzed. Hsp90 is found within viral replication compartments as well as in the Hsp70/Hsp40-enriched foci. Geldanamycin, an inhibitor of Hsp90, results in decreased HSV-1 yields and blocks viral DNA synthesis. Furthermore, we have found that the viral DNA polymerase is mislocalized to the cytoplasm in both infected and transfected cells in the presence of geldanamycin. Additionally, in the presence of an Hsp90 inhibitor, proteasome-dependent degradation of the viral polymerase was detected by Western blot analysis. These data identify the HSV-1 polymerase as a putative client protein of the Hsp90 chaperone system. Perturbations in this association appear to result in degradation, aberrant folding, and/or intracellular localization of the viral polymerase.
Vertical instability at IPNS RCS

The rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) of the intense pulsed neutron source (IPNS) at ANL accelerates > 3.0 times 1012 protons from 50 MeV to 450 MeV with 30-Hz repetition frequency. During the acceleration cycle, the rf frequency varies from 2.21 MHz to 5.14 MHz. Presently, the beam current is limited by a vertical instability. By analyzing turn-by-turn beam position monitor (BPM) data, large- amplitude mode 0 and mode 1 vertical beam centroid oscillations were observed in the later part of the acceleration cycle. The oscillations start in the tail of the bunch, build up, and remain localized in the tail half of the bunch. This vertical instability was compared with a head-tail instability that was intentionally induced in the RCS by adjusting the trim sextupoles. It appears that our vertical instability is not a classical head-tail instability [1]. More data analysis and experiments were performed to characterize the instability.
Adjustment of Stratified Flow over a Sloping Bottom

Abstract The evolution of a steady stratified along-isobath current flowing cyclonically (shallower water on the right looking downstream) over a sloping frictional bottom is examined using an idealized model. The flow is assumed to consist of an inviscid vertically uniform geostrophic interior above a bottom boundary layer in which density is vertically well mixed. Within the bottom boundary layer, vertical shear in the horizontal velocities is assumed to result only from horizontal density gradients. Density advection is included in the model, but momentum advection is not. The downstream evolution of the current is described by two coupled nonlinear partial differential equations for surface pressure and boundary layer thickness, each of which is first order in the along-isobath coordinate and can be easily integrated numerically. An initially narrow along-isobath current over a uniformly sloping bottom spreads and slows rapidly owing to the effects of bottom friction, much like the unstratified case. ...
Bootstrapping Dependency Grammar Inducers from Incomplete Sentence Fragments via Austere Models

Modern grammar induction systems often employ curriculum learning strategies that begin by training on a subset of all available input that is considered simpler than the full data. Traditionally, filtering has been at granularities of whole input units, e.g., discarding entire sentences with too many words or punctuation marks. We propose instead viewing interpunctuation fragments as atoms, initially, thus making some simple phrases and clauses of complex sentences available to training sooner. Splitting input text at punctuation in this way improved our state-of-the-art grammar induction pipeline. We observe that resulting partial data, i.e., mostly incomplete sentence fragments, can be analyzed using reduced parsing models which, we show, can be easier to bootstrap than more nuanced grammars. Starting with a new, bare dependency-and-boundary model (DBM-0), our grammar inducer attained 61.2% directed dependency accuracy on Section 23 (all sentences) of the Wall Street Journal corpus: more than 2% higher than previous published results for this task.
Long-term landscape changes in a subalpine spruce-fir forest in central Utah, USA

In Western North America, increasing wildfire and outbreaks of native bark beetles have been mediated by warming climate conditions. Bioclimatic models forecast the loss of key high elevation species throughout the region. This study uses retrospective vegetation and fire history data to reconstruct the drivers of past disturbance and environmental change. Understanding the relationship among climate, antecedent disturbances, and the legacy effects of settlement-era logging can help identify the patterns and processes that create landscapes susceptible to bark beetle epidemics. Our analysis uses data from lake sediment cores, stand inventories, and historical records. Sediment cores were dated with radiometric techniques (14C and 210Pb/137Cs) and subsampled for pollen and charcoal to maximize the temporal resolution during the historical period (1800 CE to present) and to provide environmental baseline data (last 10,500 years). Pollen data for spruce were calibrated to carbon biomass (C t/ha) using standard allometric equations and a transfer function. Charcoal samples were analyzed with statistical models to facilitate peak detection and determine fire recurrence intervals. The Wasatch Plateau has been dominated by Engelmann spruce forests for the last ~10,500 years, with subalpine fir becoming more prominent since 6000 years ago. This landscape has experienced a dynamic fire regime, where burning events are more frequent and of higher magnitude during the last 3000 years. Two important disturbances have impacted Engelmann spruce in the historical period: 1) high-grade logging during the late 19th century; and (2) a high severity spruce beetle outbreak in the late 20th century that killed >90 % of mature spruce (>10 cm dbh). Our study shows that spruce-dominated forests in this region are resilient to a range of climate and disturbance regimes. Several lines of evidence suggest that 19th century logging promoted a legacy of simplified stand structure and composition such that, when climate became favorable for accelerated beetle population growth, the result was a landscape-scale spruce beetle outbreak. The lasting impacts of settlement-era landscape history from the Wasatch Plateau, UT may be relevant for other areas of western North America and Europe where sufficient host carrying capacity is important in managing for resistance and resilience to outbreaks.
An experimental approach to a simplified model of human birth

This study presents a simplified experimental model of labor for the study of fetal lie and amniotic fluid properties. It mimics a ventouse (vacuum extraction) delivery to study the effect of amniotic fluid properties on force transfer to a passive fetus. The simplified vacuum delivery consists of a solid ovate spheroid being pulled from a passive, flexible spherical elastic shell filled with fluid. We compare the force necessary to remove the ovate fetus in fluids of varying properties. Additionally, the fetal lie-angular deviation from maternal/fetal spinal alignment-is changed by 5° intervals and the pullout force is measured. In both the concentric ovate experiments, the force to remove the fetus changes with the properties of the fluid occupying the space between the fetus and the uterus. Increasing the fluid viscosity by 35% decreases the maximum fetal removal force by up to 52.5%. Furthermore, while the force is dominated by the elastic force of the latex uterus, the properties of the amniotic fluid can significantly decrease the total removal force. This study demonstrates that the fluid components of a birth model can significantly alter the forces associated with fetus removal. This suggests that complete studies of human parturition should be designed to include both the material and fluid systems.
Promoting Breastfeeding-Friendly Hospital Practices A Washington State Learning Collaborative Case Study

Background:Hospital breastfeeding support practices can affect breastfeeding outcomes. Learning collaboratives are an increasingly common strategy to improve practices in health care and have been ...
Occult ovarian cancers at the time of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in a prospective cohort of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers

1508 Background: Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) is widely used for cancer risk reduction in women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) mutations. Occult ovarian cancers (OOC) detected at the t...
Mapping and Wavenumber Resolution of Line-Integral Data for Observations of Low-Mode Internal Tides

Abstract Techniques are developed for using line-integral tomography data to estimate the spectra, maps, and energy of low-mode internal-tide radiation; the extension of these techniques to other phenomena is obvious. Sparse arrays of line integrals over paths 300–1000 km long can generally determine the direction of propagation of semidiurnal radiation well, but the magnitude of the wavenumbers is ambiguous because of sidelobes in the spectrum. Both wavenumber magnitude and direction can generally be determined for diurnal internal-tide radiation. Spectra for the semidiurnal and diurnal internal tides are estimated for the region of the Atlantic Ocean between Puerto Rico and Bermuda using data obtained during the Acoustic Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (AMODE) in 1991–92. Simulations of semidiurnal internal-tide radiation, consisting of wave packets or highly irregular wave crests, are used to show that the line-integral data provide better mapping resolution than point data, but the best results are, of ...
The paradox of active users

Twitter users vary widely in their level of activity. Active Twitter users not only tweet more often than others but they also tend to mention other users with higher frequency and the set of time stamped global positioning system (GPS) locations in their tweets are more complete. The time, location
Trellis shaping

The author discusses trellis shaping, a method of selecting a minimum-weight sequence from an equivalence class of possible transmitted sequences by a search through the trellis diagram of a shaping convolutional code C/sub s/. Shaping gains on the order of 1 dB may be obtained with simple four-state shaping codes and with moderate constellation expansion. The shaping gains obtained with more complicated codes approach the ultimate shaping gain of 1.53 dB. With a feedback-free syndrome-former for C/sub s/, transmitted data can be recovered without catastrophic error propagation. Constellation expansion and peak-to-average energy ratio may be effectively limited by peak constraints. With lattice-theoretic constellations, the shaping operation may be characterized as a decoding of an initial sequence in a channel trellis code by a minimum-distance decoder for a shaping trellis code based on the shaping convolutional code, and the set of possible transmitted sequences is then the set of code sequences in the channel trellis code that lie in the Voronoi region of the trellis shaping code. >
The Ranges of Six Species of Pine Sawflies in Illinois

The patterns of occurrence and importance of insects change as the prevalence of their hosts change. Prior to land clearing in Illinois and the introduction of exotic trees, pine sawflies were probably rare due to the scarcity of hosts. Only 2 pine species were a part of the original forest. Short leaf pine, Pinus echinata Mill., ranged N into the S tip of Illinois, and E white pine, Pinus strobus L., occupied a small acreage in the extreme NW part of the State. All other pine species have been introduced. Pines have been planted for landscape enhancement for many years, and within the last 40 years extensive areas have been planted for timber and Christmas tree production. These plantings now provide suitable environments for 6 sawfly species.
HIM and Employee Psychological Strain

Both positive and negative employee consequences have been found to result from high performance work system (HPWS) use, and we expect that these differing employee-level effects depend on which practices are included in the HPWS bundled. The current study explores increased job demands and subsequent psychological strain as potential outcomes of high involvement practices. The relationship was supported in a sample of 21,312 employees across 1,913 workplaces, and the use of additional practices (personality-based selection, competency-based selection, and communication practices) were shown to moderate the effect. Limitations, implications, and directions for future research are discussed.
Applying policy circle analysis to develop control policy in China

Based on literature review,experts interview and applied policy circle analysis with diagnosis tree analysis,for the purposes explores the key issues which existing in the area of tobacco controlling in the areas of supply,circulation and consumption.It had analyzed the reasons which caused those problems and proposed some suggestions for effective tobacco control strategies.
Peritoneal dialysis: An increasingly popular option

Vascular surgeons well versed in peritoneal dialysis applications understand the importance of this modality among the limited options afforded to patients in renal failure. Peritoneal and hemodialysis strategies are interdependent and should be considered in concert. Careful assessment often shows that patients with diminishing vascular access have been overlooked as viable peritoneal dialysis candidates. This chapter summarizes peritoneal dialysis in terms of its history, physiological principles, indications, contraindications, catheter placement, types of administration, and the identification and management of complications.
Soft Biological and Composite Nanomaterials

The goal of the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT) is to plays a leadership role in integration of nanostructured materials to enable novel capabilities and applications through its function as a Department of Energy/Office of Science Nanoscale Science Research Center (NSRC) national user facility. By coupling open access to unique and world-class capabilities and scientific expertise to an active user community, CINT supports high-impact research that no other single institution could achieve – the whole of CINT including its user community is greater than the sum of its parts.
The dynamics of a stabilised Wien bridge oscillator

We present for the first time analytic solutions for the nonlinear dynamics of a Wien bridge oscillator stabilised by three common methods: an incandescent lamp, signal diodes, and the field effect transistor. The results can be used to optimise oscillator design, and agree well with measurements. The effect of operational amplifier marginal nonlinearity on oscillator performance at high frequencies is clarified. The oscillator circuits and their analysis can be used to demonstrate nonlinear dynamics in the undergraduate laboratory.
A brief review of Doppler sonar development at Scripps

Abstract Development of acoustic techniques for the remote sensing of ocean velocity has been ongoing at Scripps for the past 42 years. While many scientifically productive systems have been created, there have also been technical surprises and dead-ends. Here the development of both pulse-to-pulse coherent and incoherent backscatter systems at SIO is reviewed, with an emphasis on the real-world problems encountered.
MAVEN transition-to-science maneuvers and Comet Siding Spring

After the September 2014 arrival of the Mars Atmosphere Volatile Evolution mission (MAVEN) at Mars, the spacecraft was to perform five maneuvers to reduce the orbit period from 35 to 4.5 hours, and lower the periapsis altitude into the target in-situ science density corridor. While in route, however, the potential threat — and science opportunity — from Comet C/2013 Siding Spring crystallized, and the plan had to be modified to shield the spacecraft behind Mars and support new observations. This paper describes the plan modifications, Monte Carlo analyses necessary to ensure success, and results of executing the modified plan.
Multimodal weighted dictionary learning

Classical dictionary learning algorithms that rely on a single source of information have been successfully used for the discriminative tasks. However, exploiting multiple sources has demonstrated its effectiveness in solving challenging real-world situations. We propose a new framework for feature fusion to achieve better classification performance as compared to the case where individual sources are utilized. In the context of multimodal data analysis, the modality configuration induces a strong group/coupling structure. The proposed method models the coupling between different modalities in space of sparse codes while at the same time within each modality a discriminative dictionary is learned in an all-vs-all scheme whose class-specific sub-parts are non-correlated. The proposed dictionary learning scheme is referred to as the multimodal weighted dictionary learning (MWDL). We demonstrate that MWDL outperforms state-of-the-art dictionary learning approaches in various experiments.
Prioritizing Adverse Drug Reaction and Drug Repositioning Candidates Generated by Literature-Based Discovery

Literature based discovery (LBD) is a well-known paradigm to discover hidden knowledge in scientific literature. By identifying and utilizing reported findings in literature, LBD hypothesizes novel discoveries. Most often, LBD systems generate a long list of potential discoveries and it would be time consuming and expensive to validate all of those discoveries. Preliminary validation or prioritization of the discoveries can improve the significance of LBD systems. In this study, we proposed a method utilizing information surrounding causal findings to prioritize discoveries generated by LBD systems. As a case study, we focused on discovering drug-disease relations, which have potential to identify drug repositioning candidates or adverse drug reactions. Our LBD system used drug-gene and gene-disease semantic predication in SemMedDB as causal findings and Swanson's ABC model to generate potential drug-disease relations. Using sentences, which causal findings extracted from, our ranking method trained a binary classifier to classify generated drug-disease relations into desired classes. We trained and tested our classifier for three different purposes: a) drug repositioning b) adverse drug events c) drug-disease relation detection. The classifier obtained 0.78, 0.86, and 0.83 f-measure respectively for these tasks. The number of causal findings of each hypothesis, which were classified as positive by the classifier, is the main metric for ranking the hypotheses in the proposed method. To evaluate the ranking method, we counted and compared the number of true relations in the top 100 pairs, which were ranked by our method and one of previous methods. Out of 181 true relations in the test dataset, the proposed method ranked 20 of them in top 100 relations while this number was 13 for the other method.
A Prospective Study of Bortezomib in Combination with Melphalan and Prednisone for Patients with Previously Untreated Multiple Myeloma.

The standard induction chemotherapy for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) is a dexamethasone based regimen including dexamethasone alone, VAD, thalidomide+dexamethasone and other combinations. Currently the overall response rate achieved with these regimens is ≤70% and the complete remission (CR) rate is
Three-Dimensional Mitral Valve Morphology and Age-Related Trends in Children and Young Adults with Structurally Normal Hearts Using Transthoracic Echocardiography.

Background The mitral valve has a complex three-dimensional (3D) morphology that is incompletely described by two-dimensional echocardiography (echo). Three-dimensional echo provides a more robust tool to analyze the mitral valve. The shape of the mitral annulus and leaflets, and differences with age, have not been described by 3D echo in normal children. Our objective was to characterize and quantify the 3D mitral valve morphology in children with normal transthoracic echocardiograms over a broad spectrum of age and to identify differences in valve shape with age. Methods Three-dimensional midsystolic mitral valve models were constructed in 100 children and young adults with normal echocardiograms using 3D transthoracic images. Annular and leaflet metrics were quantified and regression equations were prepared. Interuser and intrauser variability was measured. Results Two hundred fifty patients, from neonate to young adult, were retrospectively reviewed to obtain 100 evaluable patients (40% evaluable). The annular height to commissural width ratio of the mitral valve ("saddle shape") was preserved across age (median 24.3, IQR 21.8–28.1). Three-dimensional mitral valve area, length, and volume parameters were linearly related to body surface area ( P P = .0004 and .002, respectively) suggesting posterior movement of the coaptation line. Two-dimensional lateral annular diameter underestimated 3D lateral annular metrics ( P R > 0.87, P Conclusions Assessment of 3D mitral valve morphology in children is possible in a modern clinical pediatric echocardiography laboratory using transthoracic images, although further optimization of imaging is needed. The saddle shape of the mitral annulus was preserved across age and size. Most mitral valve parameters increased linearly with patient size. Further investigation is warranted to explore changes in valve morphology in the pediatric population in health and with disease.
Collision and composite tumors; radiologic and pathologic correlation

The terms composite and collision tumors have been used interchangeably throughout radiological literature. Both composite and collision tumors involve two morphologically and immunohistochemically distinct neoplasms coexisting within a single organ. However, collision tumors lack the histological cellular intermingling seen in composite tumors. Composite tumors often arise from a common driver mutation that induces a divergent histology from a common neoplastic source while collision tumors may arise from coincidental neoplastic change. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of abdominal composite and collision tumors by discussing hallmark radiographic and pathological presentations of rare hepatic, renal, and adrenal case studies. A better understanding of the presentation of each lesion is imperative for proper recognition, diagnosis, and management of these unique tumor presentations.
Measurement and Surface Complexation Modeling of U(VI) Adsorption to Engineered Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

Surface-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles have high capacity for U(VI) adsorption and can be easily separated from the aqueous phase by applying a magnetic field. A surface-engineered bilayer structure enables the stabilization of nanoparticles in aqueous solution. Functional groups in stearic acid (SA), oleic acid (OA), and octadecylphosphonic acid (ODP) coatings led to different adsorption extents (SA≈ OA > ODP) under the same conditions. The impact of water chemistry (initial loading of U(VI), pH, and the presence of carbonate) has been systematically examined for U(VI) adsorption to OA-coated nanoparticles. A diffuse double layer surface complexation model was developed for surface-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles that could simulate both the measured surface charge and the U(VI) adsorption behavior at the same time. With a small set of adsorption reactions for uranyl hydroxide and uranyl carbonate complexes to surface sites, the model can successfully simulate the entire adsorption data se...
Achieving Social Sustainability in a Non-profit Community Hospital

Healthcare organizations by their very nature are socially oriented and involved in meeting broad-based community needs. Sustainability research focuses on economic and environmental issues, with m...
Quantitative Magnetization Transfer MRI Measurements of the Anterior Spinal Cord Region are Associated With Clinical Outcomes in Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy.

Study Design.A case-control study.Objective.The aim of this study was to understand the role of magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) in identifying patients with clinically significant myelopathy and disability.Summary of Background Data.MTR is a quantitative measure that correlates with myelin loss a