cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Multiphysical Modeling of Energy Dynamics for Multirotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Energy performance, e.g. flight time and range, is currently a major challenge limiting the electric multirotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Improving UAV energy performance through design, control, and planning has received increasing attention lately. The basis for these efforts is an in-depth understanding of the underlying governing dynamics, which involves the aerodynamics of the rotor-propeller assembly, electro-mechanical dynamics of the motor and motor controller, electrical dynamics of the battery, and the rigid body dynamics of UAV. A system-level model incorporating all these dynamics, and more importantly, their coupling is missing in current literature. The goal of this paper is to fill this critical gap in the state of art. We first develop sub-models for each sub-system dynamics based on first principles, and then integrate them based on input-output coupling to formulate a system-level model. The model is capable of predicting the response of critical system variables and their mutual impact during the UAV flight operation. One key observation is that battery voltage can drop by $\sim 16$% due to the energy consumed by propulsion, which in turn causes $\sim 14$% decrease in rotor speed and $\sim 24$% decline in torque and thrust (under the same actuation command) over the course of flight.
Would a Privacy Fundamentalist Sell Their DNA for $1000...If Nothing Bad Happened as a Result? The Westin Categories, Behavioral Intentions, and Consequences

Allison Woodruff Google 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy Mountain View, CA 94043 woodruff@acm.org Vasyl Pihur Google 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy Mountain View, CA 94043 vpihur@google.com Sunny Consolvo Google 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy Mountain View, CA 94043 sconsolvo@google.com Lauren Schmidt Google 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy Mountain View, CA 94043 schmidtl@google.com Laura Brandimarte Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Av. HBH 2105C Pittsburgh, PA 15213 lbrandim@andrew.cmu.edu Alessandro Acquisti Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Av. HBH 2105C Pittsburgh, PA 15213 acquisti@andrew.cmu.edu
Abstract B47: Systems-level dissection of tumor-macrophage crosstalk in ovarian cancer resistance to MEK inhibition

Several subtypes of ovarian cancer are associated with dysregulated MAPK signaling, including low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSOC), yet targeted inhibitors of the MAPK pathway have shown relatively limited success in clinical trials for gynecologic malignancies. Here, we investigated whether this could be explained in part by crosstalk between ovarian cancer cells and neighboring tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) within the tumor microenvironment. Using in vitro models, human ovarian cancer cell lines were mildly protected against MEK inhibitor-induced cell killing by transwell co-culture with alternatively activated (IL-4 stimulated), but not classically activated (LPS and IFN-gamma stimulated), primary monocyte-derived macrophages. We employed multiplexed bead-based immunoassays to acquire a compendium of over 1,200 phosphoprotein, cytokine, and growth factor measurements across combinations of 3 ovarian cancer cell lines and macrophages derived from 4 healthy peripheral mononuclear blood cell (PBMC) donors. Principal components analysis (PCA) and partial least squares regression (PLSR) revealed that compensatory receptor tyrosine kinase signaling occurs in tumor cells upon MEK inhibitor treatment, and that this is amplified upon co-culture with alternatively activated macrophages. Further work will determine if targeting these tumor-intrinsic and crosstalk effects in combination with MEK inhibition represents a potential therapeutic strategy. Citation Format: Stephanie J. Wang, Miles A. Miller, Douglas A. Lauffenburger. Systems-level dissection of tumor-macrophage crosstalk in ovarian cancer resistance to MEK inhibition [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Targeting RAS-Driven Cancers; 2018 Dec 9-12; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2020;18(5_Suppl):Abstract nr B47.
Velocity Field and Scalar Field Measurements of Turbulent Buoyant Round Jets in a Two-Layer Stratified Environment

Results reported in the literature have shown that the turbulence models currently implemented in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) commercial codes (e.g., ANSYS-CFX, STAR-CCM+, and FLUENT) have a...
Effects of fetal lung development and the expression of Wnt7b after exposure to prenatal dexamethasone in rat model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Objective To explore the effects of antenatal administration of dexamethasone (Dex) on fetal lung development and the expression of Wnt7b in rat model of nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and elucidate the possible mechanism of prenatal dexamethasone in improving pulmonary hypoplasia associated with CDH.Methods A total of 12 pregnant rats were randomly divided into CDH + Dex,CDH and control groups.CDH was induced in pregnant rats after a dose of 100 mg nitrofen at Day 9.5 of gestation (term,22 days).Dex (0.4 mg/kg) was given by an intraperitoneal injection at Days 18.5 and 19.5 of gestation.Cesarean section was performed at Day 21 of gestation.The fetuses were divided into 3 group of A,control; B,nitrofeninduced CDH; C,nitrofen-induced CDH with antenatal Dex treatment.The histological structures of fetal rat lungs were observed microscopically.The parameters of area of alveolar space,thickness of alveolar septum,number of pulmonary artery and diameter of pulmonary artery were compared to examine the lung development.The expression of Wnt7b mRNA in fetal lungs was detected by realtime quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).And the expression of Wnt7b protein was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results Histological detection showed that prenatal Dex dosing improved lung development in CDH rats.The alveolar space of control,CDH and CDH + Dex groups was (1 443.37 ± 285.94),(332.83 ± 72.19) and (929.36 ± 110.31) μm2 respectively,the thickness of alveolar septum (6.17 ± 1.54),(9.72 ± 2.18)and (7.01 ± 1.32)μm,the number of pulmonary artery (7.20 ± 0.91),(3.68 ± 1.03) and (6.84 ± 0.78) and diameter of pulmonary artery (38.74 ± 4.94) ％,(15.76±4.87)％ and (37.12 ± 7.03)％.At Day 21,Wnt7b relative mRNA expression in CDH and CDH + Dex groups was 1.58 ± 0.19 and 0.72 ± 0.15 compared to control group.The Wnt7b expression in CDH group was significantly higher than that in control group.And it decreased significantly after prenatal Dex.Immunohistochemistry showed that Wnt7b protein was expressed predominantly in airway epithelium.Conclusions Prenatal Dex administration improves pulmonary hypoplasia associated with CDH and down-regulates the expression of Wnt7b rnRNA in fetal lung of CDH rats.It is hypothesized that prenatal Dex may improve pulmonary hypoplasia in CDH by regulating the expression of Wnt7b. Key words: Hernia, diaphragmatic ; Bronchopulmonary dysplasia ; Dexamethasone
Droplet and Aerosol Generation With Endonasal Surgery: Methods to Mitigate Risk During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

ObjectiveTo define the aerosol and droplet risks associated with endonasal drilling and to identify mitigation strategies.Study DesignSimulation series with fluorescent 3-dimensional (3D) printed s...
Transitioning from trainee to breast radiologist: A guide for a successful first year.

Abstract The transition from trainee to newly minted breast radiologist is exciting and daunting in equal measure. The early years in practice are pivotal to long-term success in breast imaging whether entering academic or nonacademic practice. Yet a paucity of literature exists to guide junior radiologists in their early career transition. New breast radiologists can successfully navigate the start of a prosperous and enriching career by implementing strategies adapted from the business world and collective wisdom from the radiology world. This article provides an outline of tips and habits for new radiologists to incorporate in their work lives as attendings to ensure that they will thrive in breast imaging for years to come.
Thermal transport in superconductors with coexisting spin density wave order

We study thermal transport in a two-dimensional system with coexisting $s$- or $d$-wave superconducting (SC) and spin density wave (SDW) orders. We analyze the nature of coexistence phase in a tight-binding square lattice with $\mathbf{Q}=(\ensuremath{\pi},\ensuremath{\pi})$ SDW ordering. The electronic thermal conductivity is computed within the framework of the Boltzmann kinetic theory, using Born approximation for the impurity scattering collision integral. We describe the influence of the Fermi surface (FS) topology, the competition between the SC and SDW order parameters, and the presence or absence of zero energy excitations in the coexistence phase, on the low temperature behavior of thermal conductivity of the various pairing states. We present qualitative analytical and fully numerical results that show that the heat transport signatures of various SC states emerging from collinear SDW order are quite distinct and depend on the symmetry properties of the SC order parameter under translation by the SDW nesting vector $\mathbf{Q}$. A combination of $(\ensuremath{\pi},\ensuremath{\pi})$-SDW and the ${d}_{{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{y}^{2}}$ pairing state results in fully gapped excitations, whereas $(\ensuremath{\pi},\ensuremath{\pi})$-SDW coexisting with either ${d}_{xy}$ or $s$-wave pairing states may always have gapless excitations. There appear special stable Dirac nodal points that are not gapped by the SC order in the coexistence phase, resulting in finite residual heat conductivity.
Investigating How Self‐Esteem Moderates Grandiose Narcissism’s Interpersonal Orientation

Objective Most previous research has treated grandiose narcissism and self-esteem as additive predictors of outcomes, but some theory and evidence suggests they may sometimes interact to predict outcomes. Unfortunately, the nature of this interaction is unclear; we suggest a framework to conceptualize the interaction and test it vis-a-vis the interpersonal circumplex framework. Method Participants (N = 598; Mage = 38.39; 327 females; 72.1% White) reported their levels of grandiose narcissism and self-esteem and completed interpersonal circumplex measures of efficacies, values, problems, and sensitivities. Results As self-esteem decreased, grandiose narcissism related (a) more negatively to communal efficacies and values and (b) more positively to sensitivity to others' communal behaviors. Also as self-esteem decreased, unexpectedly, grandiose narcissism related (a) more positively to agentic efficacies and problems and (b) more negatively to sensitivity to others' agentic behaviors. Conclusion Overall, the present findings generally support using interaction models over additive models of grandiose narcissism and self-esteem in interpersonal contexts, suggesting that grandiose narcissism becomes generally less communal, more agentic, and more interpersonally problematic as self-esteem decreases.
Physics-constrained deep learning for data assimilation of subsurface transport

Abstract Data assimilation of subsurface transport is important in many energy and environmental applications, but its solution is typically challenging. In this work, we build physics-constrained deep learning models to predict the full-scale hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic head, and concentration fields in porous media from sparse measurement of these observables. The model is developed based on convolutional neural networks with the encoding-decoding process. The model is trained by minimizing a loss function that incorporates residuals of governing equations of subsurface transport instead of using labeled data. Once trained, the model predicts the unknown conductivity, hydraulic head, and concentration fields with an average relative error
The King Who Did Not Reign: The League of Nations and the Slavonic Josephus

This chapter looks at Robert Eisler’s first foray into the field of research on the historical Jesus, contained in a massive two-volume German work, published in English as The Messiah Jesus and John the Baptist According to Flavius Josephus’ Recently Rediscovered ‘Capture of Jerusalem’ and Other Jewish and Christian Sources. Based on his own “reconstruction” of Slavonic manuscripts of the first century Roman historian Flavius Josephus’s The Jewish War, Eisler argues that Jesus was a political messiah who wanted to overthrow the Romans and produces a very controversial physical description of Jesus. The chapter also examines the responses to Eisler’s work on Jesus and John the Baptist and his aborted diplomatic career at the International Institute of Intellectual Cooperation in Paris.
Peripheral retinal arteriolar leakage in giant cell arteritis: a case report

A 76-year old African American female with a history of arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) secondary to biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA) presented with unilateral vision loss in her contralateral eye despite high-dose oral steroid treatment. Dilated fundus examination revealed three cotton wool spots. Fluorescein angiography showed slowed arteriolar filling with late staining of small peripheral arteries, consistent with small vessel arteritis. Laboratory tests for alternative vasculitides were negative. Review of her temporal artery biopsy specimen confirmed lymphoplasmacytic inflammation around small adventitial vessels with no destructive granulomatous or leukocytoclastic small vessel vasculitis, consistent with GCA. Our unique case demonstrates peripheral small vessel retinal arteriolar leakage in GCA, which is a rare finding. This association is of interest because GCA is commonly associated with medium to large vessel pathology without small vessel involvement.
Getting started with Team-Based Learning (TBL): An introduction

Instructors of active-learning classes in economics face the challenges of motivating students to prepare before class and engaging fully in class activities. Team-based learning (TBL) pedagogy mee...
Reply to Zhuang et al.: Potential side effects of positive allosteric modulators of the mu-opioid receptor.

I appreciate the recent comments by Zhuang et al. (1) on our report. The aim of our work (2) was to establish proof of concept that a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) affords antinociception in mice by amplifying the activity of opioid peptides acting at MOR. For the PAM to be active, endogenous opioid peptide release is required. We also show that in naive animals the PAM does not cause constipation or a conditioned place preference, indicating a lack of rewarding properties, and only inhibits respiration minimally compared to an equivalent dose of morphine. In their letter, Zhuang et al. point out … [↵][1]1Email: jtraynor{at}umich.edu. [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1
Analysis of Various Techniques for Solving the Problem of Big Data Classification

The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of various algorithms for big data classification, namely, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), NaiveBayes (NBC) and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) based on the Hadoop MapReduce approach. The effectiveness of the approaches is compared to the classification of big data sets of average shot lengths (CSV). It has been shown that in accordance with the data set size, the PLS-DA classification accuracy increases and reaches 82%, and the computation time goes up to 45 seconds. The analysis of various classifiers showed that high accuracy rates for the PLS-DA classifier are ensured by a high percentage of positive and negative cases properly classified, and lower accuracy for KNN and NaiveBayes is justified by a high percentage of false-positive and false-negative indicators. It is concluded that the optimal classifier is the PLS-DA method, which allows one to classify a large amount data with high accuracy in a short time.
Contextual polarity and influence mining in online social networks

Crowdsourcing is an emerging tool for collaboration and innovation platforms. Recently, crowdsourcing platforms have become a vital tool for firms to generate new ideas, especially large firms such as Dell, Microsoft, and Starbucks, Crowdsourcing provides firms with multiple advantages, notably, rapid solutions, cost savings, and a variety of novel ideas that represent the diversity inherent within a crowd. The literature on crowdsourcing is limited to empirical evidence of the advantage of crowdsourcing for businesses as an innovation strategy. In this study, Starbucks’ crowdsourcing platform, Ideas Starbucks, is examined, with three objectives: first, to determine crowdsourcing participants’ perception of the company by crowdsourcing participants when generating ideas on the platform. The second objective is to map users into a community structure to identify those more likely to produce ideas; the most promising users are grouped into the communities more likely to generate the best ideas. The third is to study the relationship between the users’ ideas’ sentiment scores and the frequency of discussions among crowdsourcing users. The results indicate that sentiment and emotion scores can be used to visualize the social interaction narrative over time. They also suggest that the fast greedy algorithm is the one best suited for community structure with a modularity on agreeable ideas of 0.53 and 8 significant communities using sentiment scores as edge weights. For disagreeable ideas, the modularity is 0.47 with 8 significant communities without edge weights. There is also a statistically significant quadratic relationship between the sentiments scores and the number of conversations between users.
The Impact of Multimorbidity on Sexual Function in Middle‐Aged and Older Women: Beyond the Single Disease Perspective

Introduction Little is known about sexual activity and function in women with multiple chronic health conditions.
Artificial vision by electrical stimulation of the retina

A retinal prosthesis to treat retinal blindness is being evaluated in clinical trials. This is a prototype device that can provide only rudimentary visual sensation, but does show improvement over total blindness. Artificial vision of higher quality will be require a more advanced system. This paper reviews the state of the art of technology for retinal and neural prostheses. Areas that are reviewed include image acquisition and processing, microelectronics, and microelectrode arrays.
Hypercoagulability panel testing predicts thrombosis in neonates undergoing cardiac surgery

Thrombosis contributes to morbidity and mortality in neonates following cardiac surgery. Alterations in hemostatic factors following cardiac surgery have been described, but there is no data correlating these changes with risk of thrombosis in neonates. The aim of this study is to predict thrombosis in neonates undergoing cardiac surgery by assessment of a panel of hypercoagulability markers. Neonates undergoing cardiac surgery were enrolled preoperatively and prospectively followed. Preoperative hypercoagulability panel testing included thrombin generation assay (TGA), immunoassays for antithrombin III, protein C, protein S, factor VIII, thrombin-activatable fibrinolytic inhibitor (TAFI), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and cardiolipin antibody. Postoperative thrombosis was defined by clinical events (shunt thrombosis, limb ischemia, and stroke) or imaging (intravascular or intracardiac thrombus). Risk factors for thrombosis were assessed. One hundred neonates were enrolled in the study over a two-year period. The incidence of postoperative in-hospital thrombosis was 20%. The only significant clinical risk factor associated with thrombosis was the single ventricle physiology. Hypercoagulability factors associated with increased risk of thrombosis by univariate analysis were elevated PAI-1, TAFI, and TGA, and presence of anticardiolipin antibodies. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that elevated PAI-1 (P = 0.015), TAFI (P = 0.028), and TGA (P = 0.007) were independent predictors of thrombosis. Hypercoagulability panel testing may help identify neonates at high risk for thrombosis following cardiac surgery. Future studies are warranted to determine if high risk patients benefit from targeted anticoagulation therapies.
An analysis of the stock price reaction to sudden executive deaths. Implications for the managerial labor market

Abstract Certain characteristics of managerial employment arrangements and of the managerial labor market make shareholder wealth dependent on an executive's continued employment. These wealth effects are investigated by examining the common stock price reaction to unexpected deaths of senior corporate executives. Abnormal stock price changes are documented for a sample of fifty-three events. These abnormal stock price changes are associated with the executive's status as a corporate founder and with measures of the executive's ‘talents’ and decision-making responsibility, and of the transaction costs associated with renegotiating or terminating the employment agreement.
Section 1: The Social Space

The people participating in the media space have the greatest influence on the ways in which it will be used. The ways of working that people bring to a media space and create in that space can vary greatly. However, characteristics of the setting and the technology are also important in how a media space is used and what it becomes. We consider the setting to include the individuals using the technology, the relationships among these individuals, and their activities.
Ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide for neuroblastoma: a high-dose salvage regimen and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: The authors report a retrospective analysis of high-dose ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (HD-ICE) for patients with refractory or relapsed neuroblastoma (NB). A major reason for using this regimen was the long time since patients received previous treatment with a platinum compound. The authors also summarized the published experience on ICE in patients with NB. METHODS: Treatment comprised ifosfamide (2000 mg/m2 daily for 5 days), carboplatin (500 mg/m2 daily for 2 days), and etoposide (100 mg/m2 daily for 5 days). Patients who had poor hematologic reserve (platelet count <100,000/μL) from previous therapy received peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) after HD-ICE. Disease status before and after HD-ICE was defined according to International Neuroblastoma Response Criteria (expanded to include 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine findings). Publications that were informative about ICE for NB were reviewed. RESULTS: Seventy-four patients received 92 cycles of ICE, including 37 patients who received PBSC rescue. Grade 3 toxicities were rare: 1–3 patients had encephalopathy, mucositis, or gastroenteritis. Bacteremia was documented in 24 of 92 cycles (26%). The absolute neutrophil count reached 500/μL on day 17–30 (median, day 22) in patients who had satisfactory hematologic reserve. Disease regressions (major and minor responses) were achieved by 14 of 17 patients (82%) with a new relapse, 13 of 26 patients (50%) with refractory NB, and 12 of 34 patients (35%) who were treated for progressive disease during chemotherapy (P = .005). In the literature, patients received ICE at lower dosages and achieved major response rates >36% in phase 1 and 2 studies (in which less comprehensive staging evaluations were used) that involved resistant NB and >70% in induction for newly diagnosed NB. CONCLUSIONS: HD-ICE is appealing as salvage treatment or consolidative therapy because of its anti-NB activity and the low risk of major nonhematologic toxicity. PBSC support is unnecessary for patients who had intact hematologic reserve. Cancer 2013. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Film: Walking the edge at Sundance

Society and technology collide at this year's leading independent film festival, finds Jascha Hoffman.
Questioning Assumptions about the Role of Education in American Society: A Review of Schooling in Capitalist America

According to many scholars, classrooms in America are overwhelmingly authoritarian and undemocratic. They focus on fragmented knowledge that is disconnected from the students’ lives. Proven reforms are resisted at all levels, and systematic progressive change is non‐existent nearly a century after the progressive movement. Why is this so? The standard liberal outlook is that the schools are ‘broken’ and ‘neglected’, but that they have the potential, with reform, to be a major progressive force in society. This paper questions these assumptions through a review of the seminal educational‐economic work by Bowles and Gintis: Schooling in Capitalist America. The major claim of this text is that our educational system’s primary role is to mirror, support, stabilize, and reproduce the fundamentally hierarchical and undemocratic social relationships that exist in the majority of American workplaces. The major arguments and evidence of this text are reviewed, and implications for PER will be briefly mentioned.
Interactions of the sponge-derived antimitotic tripeptide hemiasterlin with tubulin: comparison with dolastatin 10 and cryptophycin 1.

The sponge-derived antimitotic tripeptide hemiasterlin was previously shown to inhibit tubulin polymerization. We have now demonstrated that hemiasterlin resembles most other antimitotic peptides in noncompetitively inhibiting the binding of vinblastine to tubulin (apparent Ki value, 7.0 μM), competitively inhibiting the binding of dolastatin 10 to tubulin (apparent Ki value, 2.0 μM), stabilizing the colchicine binding activity of tubulin, inhibiting nucleotide exchange on β-tubulin, and inducing the formation of tubulin oligomers that are stable to gel filtration in the absence of free drug, even at low drug concentrations. The tubulin oligomerization reaction induced by hemiasterlin was compared to the reactions induced by dolastatin 10 and cryptophycin 1. Like dolastatin 10, hemiasterlin induced formation of a tubulin aggregate that had the morphological appearance primarily of ring-like structures with a diameter of about 40 nm, while the morphology of the cryptophycin 1 aggregate consisted primarily ...
On some queueing models of time division multiple access communication system

Abstract In this paper we consider a general queueing model for a time division multiple access communication channel and establish the relationship between the steady-state probability distribution of the number of packets in the buffer at various observation epochs. These results are derived using the theory of embedded Markov chain and discrete state level crossing analysis. We also provide a table describing the relationship between the results given here and the results available in the literature.
An integral index for measuring aversion to large‐scale risks

Purpose – Conventional measures of risk aversion based on first and second derivatives of utility are strictly local instruments, valid only for infinitesimally small changes in wealth. This paper to develop a global index suitable for assessing attitudes toward large‐scale risks.Design/methodology/approach – Integral calculus is used to measure the geometric area between an individual's actual utility function and a linear function displaying risk neutrality, over the entire range of potential wealth outcomes for a given risk. The area is then converted to an index number.Findings – Local and global measures of risk aversion yield similar interpersonal comparisons only for small risks; with larger risks, local measures distort interpersonal differences. The analysis also shows that individuals having exponential utility functions evaluate risk exclusively on the basis of wealth dispersion, whereas those with logarithmic or square‐root utilities consider both the mean and variance of wealth.Research/limit...
Evaluating reactivity to ecological momentary assessment during smoking cessation.

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) consists of assessing phenomena in real time in thenatural environment. EMA allows for more Þne-grained analyses of addictive behavior andminimizes threats to internal validity, such as recall biases and errors. However, because ofthe intensive monitoring involved in EMA, measurement reactivity is a concern. To testwhether EMA with palmtop personal computers induces reactivity, the authors comparedsmoking-related outcomes between smokers using EMA and those not using EMA during aquit attempt. The use of no-EMA control groups has been rare in reactivity investigations todate. The EMA protocol included event-contingent assessments (smoking episodes, urgeepisodes)andrandomassessments.OutcomesincludedbiologicallyconÞrmedabstinenceandself-report measures of withdrawal, self-efÞcacy, motivation, affect, and temptations. Partic-ipants were smokers motivated to quit ( N 96). They were randomized to 1 of 3 groups:EMA for the week preceding a planned quit date, EMA for the week following the quit date,and no EMA. Abstinence rates did not differ between the groups at Day 7 or at Day 28postcessation. For the 20 subscales assessed at each of 3 assessment times, there weresigniÞcantdifferencesbetweenparticipantswithandwithoutEMAexperiencefor3subscalesat the 1st of 3 assessment times, and signiÞcant differences for 3 different subscales at the 3rdassessment time. These differences suggest some reactivity to EMA, although the inconsis-tent pattern across time indicates that further research is needed to deÞnitively conclude thatEMA induces reactivity.Keywords: smoking cessation, data collection, handheld computers, bias, health behavior
Automating residence hall internet signups

As colleges and universities are moving into the realm of providing Internet connections to the residence dormitories (ResNet), the local help desk is becoming the focal point for registration and problem resolution. The University of Northern Iowa (UNI) was faced with an avalanche of 3000-4500 possible contacts for Resnet account setups in a very short time frame at the beginning of fall term. The problem was how best to automate this signup activity while providing the customer timely and reliable service. Another challenge was how to best provide the staff and students (and, if necessary, parents) with some type of reporting methods that would be accessible to all who needed the information. UNI has used a combination of web-based applications, email, and reporting software to solve these problems. The web-based applications automate submittal of a request via email to initiate entry into our HEAT (Help Expert Automated Tools from Goldmine Software) call tracking central database. The HEAT system subsequently provides reports that are generated giving both the current status of the request and where it lies in the work queue. Additional steps are taken in order to ensure the individual request is serviced in a timely manner. Monitoring software with predefined filters is applied to the applications and notifications are automatically delivered to the appropriate managers when applications fall behind the predetermined time intervals. Additionally, as applications are completed, distributed support personnel are able to close out the work requests by using a web page application. The audience for this paper is intended to be support personnel whose university provides Residence Hall Internet access and a central Help Desk positioned as the hub for all computer related activity. Institutions working with limited financial and human resources would also be targeted.
The performance of the Gamma-Ray Energy Tracking In-beam Nuclear Array GRETINA

Abstract The Gamma-Ray Energy Tracking In-beam Nuclear Array (GRETINA) is a new generation high-resolution γ - ray spectrometer consisting of electrically segmented high-purity germanium crystals. GRETINA is capable of reconstructing the energy and position of each γ - ray interaction point inside the crystal with high resolution. This enables γ - ray energy tracking which in turn provides an array with large photopeak efficiency, high resolution and good peak-to-total ratio. GRETINA is used for nuclear structure studies with demanding γ - ray detection requirements and it is suitable for experiments with radioactive-ion beams with high recoil velocities. The GRETINA array has a 1 π solid angle coverage and constitutes the first stage towards the full 4 π array GRETA. We present in this paper the main parts and the performance of the GRETINA system.
Handling, ACTH, ACTH1−24, and naloxone effects on preening behavior in domestic chickens

Abstract Excessive grooming behavior has been well documented in various animals as a result of stress or intraventricularly administered ACTH and ACTH 1−24 . In the present study, handling, ACTH, and ACTH 1−24 were associated with significant increases in preening of domestic chickens when compared to saline-treated controls. Naloxone-treated birds showed preening levels similar to those of unhandled and saline-treated birds.
Serum testosterone suppression and potential for agonistic stimulation during chronic treatment with monthly and 3-month depot formulations of leuprolide acetate for advanced prostate cancer.

ABSTRACTPurpose: The pattern of serum testosterone suppression as well as the potential for agonistic stimulation of serum testosterone during chronic treatment was compared in patients with prostate cancer randomized to receive 4 depot injections of either the monthly or 3-month depot formulations of leuprolide acetate in an open label study.Materials and Methods: A total of 71 patients were enrolled in a randomized prospective study comparing the pattern of serum testosterone suppression and the potential for agonistic stimulation of serum testosterone following reinjection (“acute-on-chronic” effect) during treatment of advanced stage prostate cancer with monthly (7.5 mg.) and 3-month (22.5 mg.) depot formulations of leuprolide acetate.Results: The 2 formulations produced nearly identical patterns of testosterone suppression which included uniform suppression throughout the duration of the dosing intervals. A transient minor “escape” from suppression (defined as a single testosterone value greater than...
Combination Therapy Using Monoclonal Antibodies against Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) G Glycoprotein Protects from RSV Disease in BALB/c Mice

Therapeutic options to control respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are limited, thus development of new therapeutics is high priority. Previous studies with a monoclonal antibody (mAb) reactive to an epitope proximal to the central conserved region (CCR) of RSV G protein (mAb 131-2G) showed therapeutic efficacy for reducing pulmonary inflammation RSV infection in BALB/c mice. Here, we show a protective effect in RSV-infected mice therapeutically treated with a mAb (130-6D) reactive to an epitope within the CCR of G protein, while treatment with a mAb specific for a carboxyl G protein epitope had no effect. Combined treatment with mAbs 130-6D and 131-2G significantly decreased RSV-associated pulmonary inflammation compared to either antibody alone. The results suggest that anti-RSV G protein mAbs that react at or near the CCR and can block RSV G protein-mediated activities are effective at preventing RSV disease and may be an effective strategy for RSV therapeutic treatment.
The persistence of chronically accumulated hydrocarbons in the hard shell clam Mercenaria mercenaria

Hard shell clams, Mercenaria mercenaria, from the chronically polluted environment of the Providence River, USA, were transferred to a clean laboratory system located in lower Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. The hydrocarbon contents of these transplanted clams were monitored for 120 days after transfer. After this period only slight depuration had occurred. A 41.9 μg g wet weight-1 average initial hydrocarbon burden decreased to 29.3 μg g-1, a decrease that became statistically significant (P<0.1) only after 120 days. At most, only 30% of the clams' hydrocarbons were lost. These findings indicate that the duration of the exposure period and the chemical nature of the source hydrocarbons are both instrumental in determining the persistence of these compounds in filter-feeding bivalves. Chronically accumulated petroleum hydrocarbons are strongly retained by the organisms and are only very slowly depurated.
Toward a theory of relaxation in correlated systems: diffusion in the phase space of a chaotic Hamiltonian

Abstract Relaxation in correlated systems such as interacting ions, entangled polymer chains or viscous liquids requires a time-dependent relaxation rate for a full accounting of the observed phenomena. This has been demonstrated by the coupling scheme for relaxations in correlated systems. A fundamental theory of these necessarily involves non-integrable interactions or constraints which are known to produce chaos in Hamiltonian models. Van Kampen has shown that the transition rates in the master equation for a relaxing Hamiltonian system can be interpreted in terms of diffusion in phase space. In this paper, this approach is generalized to include chaotic Hamiltonian. It is demonstrated that general results from anomalous diffusion in fractals produce all the properties of the time-dependent relaxation rate required to explain the experiments. This leads to a conjecture on the non-Euclidean and possibly fractal phase sphase structure of relaxing chaotic Hamiltonians which would allow a basic understanding of the central results of the coupling scheme.
First report of a leaf blight and bulb decay of onion by Pantoea ananitas in Colorado.

Sweet Spanish onion (Allium cepa L.) cultivars grown in southern Colorado displayed symptoms of foliar blight and bulb rotting after bulb initiation in early July of 1997, 1998, and 1999. This disease appears identical to that reported from infected onions in Georgia in 1997 (1). Leaf blighting began as whitish to tan lesions, which rapidly coalesced, causing a general wilt, discoloration, and death of affected foliage. A yellow-cream to light orange discoloration progressed into bulbs, resulting in the rotting of neck tissue and between scales. Infection of more than 70% of onion plants exposed to heavy rain and storm damage after bulb initiation occurred in scattered fields in Otero County. Gram negative, rod-shaped, yellow-colored bacteria were consistently recovered from infected foliar and bulb tissues on nutrient agar during this 3-year period. Physiological tests showed that the bacteria utilized glucose in an oxidative and fermentative manner and were catalase positive and oxidase negative. Two strains recovered during 1997 were identified by Microbe Inotech Laboratories (St. Louis, MO) as Pantoea ananas by gas-chromatography fatty acid methyl ester analysis, with similarity indices of 0.70 and 0.79. A literature search determined that the accepted classification is now Pantoea ananatis Serrano (2). To confirm pathogenicity, a 0.5- to 1.0-ml suspension of bacteria (108 CFU/ml sdw) of one of the strains was injected into firm onion bulbs (7.5 to 10.0 cm diameter). After incubation for 14 days at 22°C in enclosed plastic bags in the dark, bulbs were cut in half and scored for visual evidence of yellow to tan discoloration and initial dry rotting prior to reisolation of the pathogen from five of eight inoculated bulbs. No discoloration or disease developed on eight control bulbs injected with water. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. ananatis from onion grown in Colorado and the western United States. References: (1) R. D. Gitaitis and J. D. Gay. Plant Dis. 81:1096, 1997. (2) H. G. Truper and L. de Clari. Int. J. System. Bacteriol. 47:908, 1997.
Recent Advances in Nanomaterial Plasmonics : Fundamental Studies and Applications

The unusual optical properties of noble metal nanoparticles were employed long before scientists could even conceive of nanoscale objects. The Lycurgus Cup, which is part of a collection at the British Museum and was likely made in the 4th century in Rome, is a prime example. The glass portion of this vessel contains both colloidal Au and Ag and, thus, has the unusual property of appearing green when illuminated externally and red when illuminated internally. Similarly, many stained glass windows dating from the Medieval period contain red panels colored by Au colloids and yellow panels colored by Ag colloids, and Cu and Ag colloids were included in ceramic glazes used during the Renaissance period to give art objects an iridescent or metallic sheen. In each of these cases, the artists were capitalizing on the size-dependent optical properties of the noble metal nanoparticles without knowing it. It was Michael Faraday who first recognized that the intensely colored solutions were attributable to ‘‘highly divided’’, or colloidal, Au.1 The phenomenon responsible for the unusual scattering and absorption (extinction) properties of noble metal nanoparticles is the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR); excitation of the LSPR is achieved when the appropriate wavelength of light excites a collective oscillation of the conduction band electrons within a nanostructure. In 1908, Gustav Mie presented an analytical solution to Maxwell’s Equations for the extinction of electromagnetic radiation by a metallic sphere.2 The energy that initiates the LSPR is highly sensitive to the nanostructure’s composition, size, shape, dielectric environment, and spacing as well as the electronwithdrawing or electron-donating character of any chemisorbed species. These dependencies are apparent in Eq. 1, which Mie derived, assuming that the excitation wavelength is large compared to the nanostructure in the electrostatic dipole limit:
Abstract LB-302: Activity of PF-04691502, A dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor in breast cancer cell lines and models discriminates between ER, PR and HER2 positive and negative segments

Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC The PI3K pathway plays a role in key cellular functions that include regulation of cell growth, proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and motility. PI3K/AKT pathway aberrations are common in cancer comprising PTEN loss of function through mutations, deletion, and methylation events and gain of function at the PIK3CA locus including mutations and amplification events resulting in deregulation of this pathway. Thus, pharmacological intervention of this pathway should impact cellular functions central to survival of cancer cells. PIK3CA mutations/amplification and PTEN loss of heterozygosity have been reported to occur in approximately 35-40% and 20% of breast cancer, respectively and suggest this patient population could benefit from treatment using a small molecule inhibitor that targets the PI3K pathway. PF-04691502 which is a potent inhibitor of all PI3K isoforms and mTOR (TORC1 and TORC2) presently in Phase 1 trials was evaluated for its growth inhibitory or cytoreductive activity over a panel of 30 breast cancer cell lines. PF-04691502 had robust <300nM (IC50%) antiproliferative activity across the panel of breast cell lines. We observed a trend whereby cell lines that were hormone receptor (ER and/or PR) and HER2 negative (triple negative) were least sensitive and cell lines that were HER2(+) and/or hormone receptor positive (ER and/or PR) were more sensitive to PF-04691502. These studies were extended in vivo with PF-04691502 as a single agent and in combination in a HER2, ER and PR positive xenograft model with robust tumor growth inhibition in combination with docetaxel or with the pan-HER inhibitor, PF-00299804. In a xenograft that was triple negative, administration of single agent PF-4691502 at the MTD resulted in 60% tumor growth inhibition. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the ER/PR and/or HER2 positive breast cancer segment may particularly benefit from PI3K/mTOR inhibitor based treatment regimens. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-302.
Primary bacterial infections of the skin and soft tissues changes in epidemiology and management

Children com-monly present to the emergency department with some form of skin infection. Over the last decade, the emergence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has forced emergency physicians to rethink our approach to cutaneous infections. These types of infections appear to be increasing. Knowledge of community patterns of antibiotic sensitivity is imperative in management.
Jagged1 (JAG1) mutations in Alagille syndrome: increasing the mutation detection rate

Alagille syndrome (AGS) is caused by heterozygous mutations in JAG1, and mutations have been previously reported in about 70% of patients who meet clinical diagnostic criteria. We studied a cohort of 247 clinically well-defined patients, and using an aggressive and sequential screening approach we identified JAG1 mutations in 94% of individuals. Mutations were found in 232 out of 247 patients studied and 83 of the mutations were novel. This increase in the mutation rate was accomplished by combining rigorous clinical phenotyping, with a combination of mutation detection techniques, including fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), genomic and cDNA sequencing, and quantitative PCR. This higher rate of mutation identification has implications for clinical practice, facilitating genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis, and evaluation of living-related liver transplant donors. Our results suggest that more aggressive screening may similarly increase the rate of mutation detection in other dominant and recessive disorders.
Images of the U.S.-Mexico Border: Voices from a Rancho in Jalisco

Abstract There are heterogeneous images of the U.S.‐Mexican border among residents of a rancho in Jalisco I interviewed in the 1989 to 1990 period. These images reflect not only the history of a community with high rates of outmigration to the United States, but personal experiences of crossing the border, or being the wife and mother of recurrent immigrants, most of whom are undocumented. Some of the images are conditioned by representations beamed to the rancho via television, and some are embedded in the history of Mexico and the United States.
Interactive physical design tuning

In the last decade, automated physical design tuning became a relevant area of research. The process of tuning a workload became more flexible but also more complex, and getting the best design upfront became difficult. We propose a paradigm shift for physical design tuning, in which sessions are highly interactive, allowing DBAs to quickly try different options, identify problems, and obtain physical designs in an agile manner.
Potato breeding technique

The most satisfactory way of extracting seed from potato seed balls is to grind them in a seproseive food grinder which separates the coarse parts of the fruit from the pulp. Add tepid water to the pulp and stir vigorously. The pulp will separate from the seed immediately. The seed can then be spread out to dry. In this experiment new potato seed took longer to germinate than seed 1 year old and did not have as high total percentage of germination. Tubers large enough to produce good plants in the field were obtained by planting the seed early in the fall and growing the plants to maturity in pots in the greenhouse. Further tests of chemical treatments to break the rest period of small tubers grown in pots in the greenhouse will have to be made before definite conclusions can be drawn. Tubers left at room temperature for six weeks before planting produced normal, vigorous plants in the field at Presque Isle, Me.