cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the “paradox of the active user”: Determinants of individuals’ innovation with it-based work routines

As individuals become more experienced with information technologies (ITs), they become limited by well-learned behavioral routines for using an IT, which act to inhibit innovation. This “paradox of the active user” can prove problematic for organizations, which derive benefits when organizational ITs are used to their fullest potential. Thus, to advance research on individual differences and post-adoption use behaviors, this research-in-progress develops a research model examining the relationships among habit, IT mindfulness, and embeddedness of an IT-based routine on individuals’ innovation with IT. Identifying factors that foster or inhibit individuals’ attempts to innovate with ITs can provide actionable guidelines for designing managerial interventions to manage and maintain desired levels of user-initiated innovation in the post-adoptive context.
High SPDEF may identify patients who will have a prolonged response to androgen deprivation therapy

BACKGROUND Due to the indolent nature of prostate cancer, new prognostic measures are needed to identify patients with life threatening disease. SAM pointed domain-containing Ets transcription factor (SPDEF) has been associated with good prognosis and demonstrates an intimate relationship with the androgen receptor (AR), however its role in prostate cancer progression remains unclear. METHODS A tissue microarray constructed from cores of 713 consecutive radical prostatectomy specimens were immunohistochemically stained for SPDEF and correlated with progression free and metastatic free survival. In vitro studies assessed growth rate, migration, and sensitivity to bicalutamide to explore mechanisms behind the tissue microarray observations. RESULTS Patients with high SPDEF demonstrate longer metastases free survival after receiving the standard of care (HR = 9.80, P = 0.006). SPDEF expression corresponded with bicalutamide growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in all cell lines studied. In addition, a feedforward loop of AR-SPEF expression regulation is observed. CONCLUSIONS SPDEF may be clinically useful to identify patients who will have extended benefits from androgen deprivation therapy. In vitro observations suggest SPDEF mediates initial sensitivity to androgen deprivation therapy through both AR regulation and downstream events. Prostate 74:509–519, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Device therapy for atrial septal defects in a multicenter cohort: acute outcomes and adverse events.

Background: Secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) closure devices were granted approval based on industry-sponsored, prospective, nonrandomized, single device studies, demonstrating acceptable efficacy and safety in selected patients. We sought to report community practice and outcomes. Methods and Results: Procedure specific data was collected on cases considered for ASD closure in the congenital cardiac catheterization project on outcomes (C3PO) between February 1, 2007 and June 31, 2010. Eight centers contributed data during this time period. All adverse events (AE) were independently reviewed and classified by a five level severity scale. In 40 months (2/07–6/10), 653 of 688 ASDs were occluded with a single device using an AMPLATZER® Septal Occluder (ASO) in 566 (87%), GORE® HELEX® Septal Occluder (HSO) in 33 (5%), and a CardioSEAL® or STARFlex™ device (CSD) in 54 (8%). Most patients had an isolated ASD (93%). 85% were >2 years of age. The ASD median diameter was 12 mm [8,16] for ASO, with smaller diameters in HSO 8 mm [7,10] and CSD 8 mm [5,10] (P < 0.001). AE (n = 82) were recorded in 76 cases, 11.5% (95% CI 9.2%, 14.1%) and classified as high severity in 4.7% (95% CI 3.2%, 6.5%), with no mortality. A new conduction abnormality was detected during 15 cases and did not resolve in one. Transcatheter device retrieval was possible in 7 of 10 device embolizations. Device erosion occurred in 3 of 566, 0.5% (95% CI 0.1%, 1.5%), ASO implants. Conclusion: Although device closure of ASDs is associated with low morbidity and rare mortality, ongoing assessment of device safety profiles are warranted, and registries offer opportunities to facilitate the required surveillance. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An MC68000 processor controlled telephone interface for low cost systems

An alternative approach to the communications interface of microprocessor-controlled remote units aimed to minimize cost and complexity is suggested for systems requiring short, unscheduled interactions. The hardware design of the proposed interface, as implemented for an MC68000 assembler code and flow-chart form, is discussed. A point-of-scale application for the interface is introduced and its limitations are pointed out. >
Investigation of the role of the base in the synthesis of [18F]FLT.

Abstract The role of the base in the synthesis of 3′-deoxy-3′-[18F]fluorothymidine, [18F]FLT, via nucleophilic substitution of the nosyl group with [18F]fluoride was investigated. The rate of 18F-incorporation into the molecule dramatically changed as a function of the precursor-to-base ratio. In the presence of excess base, the precursor was consumed by elimination before substitution was complete. When the precursor-to-base ratio was optimal, an overall [18F]FLT yield of 30–40% was achieved even if the precursor amount was as small as 8–13 mg.
Two New Approaches for Patterning Polymer Films Using Templates Prepared by Microcontact Printing

Two new methods for preparing micron-scale patterns of hyperbranched polymer films are reported. Both approaches rely on passivation of a reactive surface by microcontact printing (μ-CP) followed by polymer grafting to unpassivated regions of the surface. The first method involves patterning of a hyperbranched polymer composite film containing poly(amidoamine) dendrimers and Gantrez (an active anhydride copolymer) onto Au. These structures are prepared by partial passivation of an Au surface with an n-hexadecanethiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM) using μ-CP, followed by multiple covalent grafting iterations of the dendrimer/Gantrez polymer film onto the unpassivated regions. The second patterning method involves partial passivation of an activated mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) SAM, followed by modification of the unpassivated SAM with a layered poly(acrylic acid)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PAA/PEG) nanocomposite. The approach for fabricating these structures consists of formation of an activated MUA SAM, μ-C...
Gaseous-conduction phenomena and their application in electrical engineering

Devices using gaseous-conduction phenomena in their operation play an important part in the field of electrical engineering. More than $500,000,000 worth of this type of equipment is being manufactured yearly, and it is being used for various purposes from Geiger counters and ionization gauges to fluorescent lamps and arc furnaces.
Analytical modeling of residual stresses in multilayered superconductor systems

Residual stresses-induced damages in multilayered films grown on technical substrates present a reliability issue for the fabrication and applications of multilayered superconductor systems. Using closed-form solutions for residual stresses in multilayered systems, specific results were calculated for residual stresses induced by the lattice and the thermal mismatches in the system of YBCO/CeO2/YSZ/Y2O3 films on a Ni-5 W substrate. It was concluded that lattice mismatch-induced residual stresses must be relaxed by forming interfacial defects. Studies of residual thermal stresses showed the following. When the thickness of a film is negligible compared to the substrate, the changes of its properties modify the residual stresses in this film layer but have negligible effects on the residual stresses in other layers in the system. On the other hand, when the thickness of certain film layer is not negligible compared to the substrate, residual stresses in each layer can be controlled by adjusting the properties and thickness of this film layer. Finally, the effects of buffer layers on thermal stresses in YBa2Cu3O7–x (YBCO) were addressed by using YBCO/LaMnO3/homo-epi MgO/IBAD MgO/Y2O3/Al2O3 films on Hastelloy substrate as an example.
The SAGA unfolds: convergence of transcription regulators in chromatin-modifying complexes

Several previously characterized transcriptional adaptors and coactivators are now known to be histone acetyltransferases (HATs). Recent studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae indicate that the Gcn5p HAT exists in large complexes containing several phenotypic classes of transcription factors. Genetic and biochemical studies of these transcription factors and their functions within HAT complexes suggest that acetylation of histones is one function of an integrated system of modular activities. These activities include interaction with activators, histone acetylation and interaction with basal factors. Coordination of these functions may well be an important component of gene activation in vivo.
ERADICATION OF INVASIVE TAMARIX RAMOSISSIMA ALONG A DESERT STREAM INCREASES NATIVE FISH DENSITY

Spring ecosystems of the western United States have high conservation value, particularly because of the highly endemic, and often endangered, fauna that they support. Refuges now protect these habitats from many of the human impacts that once threatened them, but invasive species often persist. Invasive saltcedar is ubiquitous along streams, rivers, and spring ecosystems of the western United States, yet the impact of saltcedar invasion on these ecosystems, or ecosystem response to its removal, have rarely been quantified. Along Jackrabbit Spring, a springbrook in Nevada that supports populations of two endangered fish (Ash Meadows pupfish and Ash Meadows speckled dace) as well as several exotic aquatic consumers, we quantified the response of aquatic consumers to large-scale saltcedar removal and identified the mechanism underlying consumer response to the removal. Clearing saltcedar from the riparian zone increased densities of native pupfish and exotic screw snails, but decreased the density of exotic...
Assessing the quality of teachers’ teaching practices

This study assessed the extent to which nine elementary physical education teachers implemented the quality of teaching practices. Thirty physical education lessons taught by the nine teachers to their students in grades K-5 were videotaped. Four investigators coded the taped lessons using the Assessing Quality Teaching Rubric (AQTR) designed and validated by Chen, Hendricks, and Archibald (Educational Research and Evaluation 17: 13–32, 2011) with the Dartfish 5.5 ProSuite. The results of the descriptive statistics and the percentage requirement indicated that across the 30 taped lessons the teachers fully demonstrated the quality of Task Design and Management, mostly implemented the quality of Task Presentation, and partially provided the quality of Instructional Response to students’ task engagement. The MANOVA and the follow-up ANOVA revealed that there were significant differences of the mean scores on the Task Presentation, Management, and Instructional Response sub-scales and the Overall Teaching total scale of the AQTR, but not on the Task Design sub-scale among each teacher’s teaching. Each of the nine teachers demonstrated different quality levels in terms of the four essential dimensions of the teaching practices.
Guidance and Control of Airplanes Under Actuator Failures and Severe Structural Damage

This paper presents control algorithms for guidance and control of airplanes under actuator failures and severe structural damage. The presented control and guidance algorithms are validated through experimentation on the Georgia Institute of Technology Twinstar twin engine, fixed-wing, unmanned aerial system. Damage scenarios executed include sudden loss of all aerodynamic actuators resulting in propulsion-only flight, 25% of the left wing missing, sudden loss of 50% of the right wing and aileron in-flight, and injected actuator time delay. A state-dependent guidance logic is described that ensures the aircraft tracks feasible commands in the presence of faults. The commands are used by an outer-loop linear controller to generate feasible attitude commands. The inner-loop attitude control can be achieved by using either a linear attitude controller or a neural network-based model reference adaptive controller. The results indicate the possibility of using control methods to ensure safe autonomous flight ...
A multifaceted approach to evaluating expert systems

A multifaceted approach to evaluating expert systems is overviewed. This approach has three facets: a technical facet, for “looking inside the black box”; an empirical facet, for assessing the system’s impact on performance; and a subjective facet, for obtaining users’ judgments about the system. Such an approach is required to test the system against the different types of criteria of interest to sponsors and users and is consistent with evolving lifecycle paradigms. Moreover, such an approach leads to the application of different evaluation methods to answer different types of evaluation questions. Different evaluation methods for each facet are overviewed.
Dynamic Analysis of Web Objects

Various reports show that web browsers are known for being insecure, with growing amount of flaws that make them vulnerable to various attacks. Such attacks can be used to execute arbitrary procedures on the victims' computer and silently install malicious software, turning them into bots. In addition, browsers are complex and typically incorporate third-party libraries installed on-demand. This makes it very difficult for security experts to analyze the causes of such flaws or devise countermeasures. In this paper, we present an approach to detect and prevent attacks against a browser by intercepting the interactions between its core libraries and the underlying operating system. We then build mathematical models that capture the behavior of the browser during the rendering of web objects. Finally, we show that such models can be leveraged to automatically classify web objects as malicious or benign using real-world malicious websites.
The Importance of Phosphate in Regulating Plasma 1,25-(OH)2-Vitamin D Levels in Humans: Studies in Healthy Subjects, in Calcium-Stone Formers and in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism*

We observed that plasma 1,25-(OH)2-D concentrations average 87 +/- 30 SD pmol/l in 48 healthy adults without a personal or family history of kidney stones. Plasma 1,25-(OH)2-D concentrations were significantly elevated among 26 patients with recurrent calcium-containing renal stones and hypophosphatemia: 150 +/- 74 pmol/l; P less than 0.001, and among 9 patients with proven parathyroid adenoma and hypophosphatemia: 200 +/- 54 pmol/l; P less than 0.001. Plasma 1,25-(OH)2-D levels in these 3 groups were inversely correlated with serum phosphate concentration: plasma 1,25-(OH)2-D, pmol/l = 282 - 141 X serum PO4, mmol/l; r = 0.51; P less than 0.001. During dietary PO4 deprivation lasting 11 to 16 days in 10 healthy women, serum PO4 fell and plasma 1,25-(OH)2-D concentrations rose whereas in 8 healthy men neither serum PO4 nor 1,25-(OH)2-D concentrations changed. The change from control in plasma 1,25-(OH)2-D levels were correlated with the change from control in serum PO4 concentrations: delta1,25-(OH)2-D, pmol/l = 1 - 82 X delta serum PO4 mmol/l; r = 0.59; P less than 0.01. We conclude that reductions in serum PO4 concentrations, either directly or indirectly, stimulate renal synthesis of 1,25-(OH)2-D in humans.
Phosphorylation of histone H3 at serine 10 is correlated with chromosome condensation during mitosis and meiosis in Tetrahymena

H3 phosphorylation has been correlated with mitosis temporally in mammalian cells and spatially in ciliated protozoa. In logarithmically growing Tetrahymena thermophila cells, for example, H3 phosphorylation can be detected in germline micronuclei that divide mitotically but not in somatic macronuclei that divide amitotically. Here, we demonstrate that micronuclear H3 phosphorylation occurs at a single site (Ser-10) in the amino-terminal domain of histone H3, the same site phosphorylated during mitosis in mammalian cells. Using an antibody specific for Ser-10 phosphorylated H3, we show that, in Tetrahymena, this modification is correlated with mitotic and meiotic divisions of micronuclei in a fashion that closely coincides with chromosome condensation. Our data suggest that H3 phosphorylation at Ser-10 is a highly conserved event among eukaryotes and is likely involved in both mitotic and meiotic chromosome condensation.
Sounding the Latin transatlantic: music, integration, and ambivalent ethnogenesis in Spain.

This article uses commentary on and consumption of popular music as a lens to explore how Peruvian immigrants in Spain experience new notions of belonging and alterity as they tack between official Spanish discourses about difference and otherness and distinct notions of unity and sameness that circulate within the country's wider Latin American community. I examine the uneven, tentative emergence of a local Latino identity, and how this formation compares to the tenets that accrue to the formation found in the United States. I explain how the naturalization of this new and alien way of organizing national difference, in concert with native Spanish ideas about European modernity and the need to suppress ethnicity tout court , tends to marginalize distinctive experiences valued by indigenous and mestizo Peruvians from the country's Andean region. I show how they evade the homogenizing tendencies of Latino discourse, bypass native Spanish opposition to the very notion of deep difference, and seek out spaces for asserting difference. Considered also are challenges faced by a country that has undergone rapid and recent multicultural change, even as it seeks to become part of a European project that citizens view widely as an effort to transcend divisive particularity.
Nonlinear dynamics of microcantilevers in tapping mode atomic force microscopy: A comparison between theory and experiment

The nonlinear dynamic response of atomic force microscopy cantilevers tapping on a sample is discussed through theoretical, computational, and experimental analysis. Experimental measurements are presented for the frequency response of a specific microcantilever-sample system to demonstrate the nonlinear features, including multiple jump phenomena leading to reproducible hysteresis. We show that a comprehensive analysis using modern continuation tools for computational nonlinear dynamics and bifurcation problems reproduces all essential features of the data. A close connection is established between the features of the interaction potential well and the nonlinear forced tip response. In particular, the effects of the nonlinear van der Waals forces, the nanoscale contact nonlinearities, and microcantilever damping, as well as the effects of forced and parametric excitation on the bifurcations and instabilities of forced periodic motions of the microcantilever system, are discussed in detail. The results indicate that nonlinear system identification methods could be used as effective tools to extract detailed information about the tip‐surface interaction potential.
The Possible Impact of the Geopressure Resource on Conventional Oil and Gas Exploration

A calculated technique was developed to evaluate the economic potential of a geopressured aquifer for numerous conditions that could allow the exploitation of this unconventional gas resource. This technique allows for the consideration of both wells drilled with the sole intent of producing the geopressured resource and unsuccessful conventional hydrocarbon wells completed in geopressured intervals. THe calculation technique allows also for the consideration of different water disposal methods and different taxation schemes. The net present value of a prospect is used as the parameter to measure economic potential. Net present value is calculated as a function of gas price. Monte Carlo simulation is used to account for the uncertainty of the many parameters necessary to calculate net present value. The calculation technique was applied to a typical Gulf Coast geopressured aquifer. 11 refs.
Effect of sodium taurocholate and ethanol on hydrogen ion absorption in rabbit esophagus.

The effect of sodium taurocholate (NaTC) (5 mM) and ethanol (5%) on H+ absorption by the esophagus was studied duringin vivo perfusion of rabbit esophagus with solutions of graded concentration of H+ containing either one of these agents. Net ion and volume fluxes, changes in osmolality and PD, histological change, absorption of NaTC or ethanol, were correlated with concentration of acid in the perfusate. There was linear correlation between H+ efflux and luminal H+ concentration except for experiments with NaTC at H+ concentrations higher than 100 mM. Both NaTC and ethanol caused greatly increased rate of removal of H+ from the lumen (accompanied by fall in PD), increased transport of other ions in the direction of their chemical gradients, and much structural disintegration. These changes were more severe with NaTC than with ethanol. In neutral solutions NaTC did not cause changes in PD or net ion fluxes, while ethanol depressed PD and increased net ion fluxes to a lesser extent than when acid was present. NaTC was not absorbed in a neutral solution but absorption increased with acidity. Acidity did not affect ethanol absorption. These data suggest that increased permeability of the esophageal mucosa is the basic mechanism underlying esophagitis. Increased permeability is related to absorption of NaTC or ethanol. The synergistic action of bile or alcohol and acid on the esophageal mucosa is compared to that of aspirin/acid on the gastric mucosa.
Identification of volatile products and determination of thermal degradation mechanisms of polybenzoxazine model oligomers by GC–MS

The polybenzoxazine model trimer and tetramer were utilized to extend the use of model compounds for the decomposition study of polybenzoxazines. The use of polybenzoxazine model dimers was proven to be effective in our previous study. The study of the decomposition of the benzoxazine dimers makes the interpretation for the oligomers as well as that of the polymers simpler. The use of the benzoxazine oligomers shows a good agreement with those of the dimers, and at the same time confirms the mechanisms previously proposed. The fragments containing methyl-substituted at ortho position, such as those at both end groups, make no contribution to char formation. The fragments without methyl-substituted at the ortho position, such as those in the repeating unit in the main chain, contribute considerably to the formation of char residues.
Crystal structure of human arginase I complexed with thiosemicarbazide reveals an unusual thiocarbonyl mu-sulfide ligand in the binuclear manganese cluster.

The crystal structure of the human arginase I−thiosemicarbazide complex reveals an unusual thiocarbonyl μ-sulfide ligand in the binuclear manganese cluster. The CS moiety of thiosemicarbazide bridges Mn2+A and Mn2+B with coordination distances of 2.6 and 2.4 A, respectively. Otherwise, the binding of thiosemicarbazide to human arginase I does not cause any significant structural changes in the active site. The crystal structure of the unliganded enzyme reveals a hydrogen-bonded water molecule that could support proton transfer between a μ-water molecule and H141 to regenerate the nucleophilic μ-hydroxide ion in the final step of catalysis.
Transition Confidence and Modified Mean Values: Confidence Measures for Hypotheses of Character State Transition between Nodes and Ancestral State Optimizations

A measure is introduced to quantify the reliability of character state transitions and character state stasis (lack of character state change between nodes). The mean value of a character state at an internal node is altered to obtain a measure termed the modified mean. Modified mean values at connecting nodes are employed to determine the support for hypotheses of character state transition/stasis between the nodes. The lowest of the two neighboring modified mean values implied by an hypothesis of character state transition/stasis is used as a direct measure of support for that hypotheses of character state transformation or stasis between the respective nodes.
Effect of immune-mediated erythrocyte agglutination on analysis of canine blood using a multichannel blood cell counting system.

Summary Blood from six dogs with in vitro immune-mediated erythrocyte agglutination resulted in analytical errors in directly measured counting and sizing functions on a multichannel blood analysis system with histogram capability. Errors in the directly measured values, mean cell volume (MCV), and erythrocyte count were attributed to agglutinated erythrocyte particles that persisted during the relatively short reagent contact time of the analysis. Agglutinated particles less than 240 fl were visible on erythrocyte histograms and resulted in a false low erythrocyte count and false high MCV. Agglutinated cell particles greater than 240 fl were not present on the histogram scale. Because these latter particles exceeded the upper threshold, they did not influence determination of MCV, but resulted in a further decrease in the erythrocyte count. As a result, the other dependent erythrocyte indices were in error. These included false low hematocrit and false high mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), when compared to corrected reference blood values. Similar errors occurred when analyzing blood samples that were agglutinated in vitro by incubating erythrocytes with incompatible plasma. The counting and sizing errors observed with electronic counting techniques were eliminated or greatly reduced by incubating blood in cell counting diluent for 10 minutes followed by analysis on a single channel counter with attached particle size analyzer. Error in erythrocyte measurement on a multichannel system may be anticipated if there is overt erythrocyte agglutination in a blood sample, an abnormally high MCHC is reported by the system, or subpopulations of large volume (agglutinated cells) are observed on a volume distribution histogram.
Changing times: the role of academe in health reform.

What is the role of nursing educators in the politics surrounding health reform? This critical question is posed, and exemplars of how nurse faculty can and should become more involved in the political arena are shared. The authors issue a call to action for every nurse educator in the country to become actively engaged in health reform discussions to bring this all-important perspective to the table. Recognizing and overcoming traditional roles and barriers for nurse faculty on university campuses are essential parts of the political activism that must be assumed. Opening the doors for increased patient access will result in higher utilization of health care providers, and if the nursing shortage is not abated, then bottlenecking of qualified students in programs with critical faculty shortages will create immense pressure in an overloaded care delivery system. The full impact of legislated health reform changes on academe may not be fully realized until after the fact—and as often experienced in the past, this may come too late for policy makers to adequately address questions that should have been raised by the faculty corps beforehand. The time to get involved is now.
Using detection dogs to conduct simultaneous surveys of northern spotted (Strix occidentalis caurina) and barred owls (Strix varia).

State and federal actions to conserve northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) habitat are largely initiated by establishing habitat occupancy. Northern spotted owl occupancy is typically assessed by eliciting their response to simulated conspecific vocalizations. However, proximity of barred owls (Strix varia)–a significant threat to northern spotted owls–can suppress northern spotted owl responsiveness to vocalization surveys and hence their probability of detection. We developed a survey method to simultaneously detect both species that does not require vocalization. Detection dogs (Canis familiaris) located owl pellets accumulated under roost sites, within search areas selected using habitat association maps. We compared success of detection dog surveys to vocalization surveys slightly modified from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Draft 2010 Survey Protocol. Seventeen 2 km ×2 km polygons were each surveyed multiple times in an area where northern spotted owls were known to nest prior to 1997 and barred owl density was thought to be low. Mitochondrial DNA was used to confirm species from pellets detected by dogs. Spotted owl and barred owl detection probabilities were significantly higher for dog than vocalization surveys. For spotted owls, this difference increased with number of site visits. Cumulative detection probabilities of northern spotted owls were 29% after session 1, 62% after session 2, and 87% after session 3 for dog surveys, compared to 25% after session 1, increasing to 59% by session 6 for vocalization surveys. Mean detection probability for barred owls was 20.1% for dog surveys and 7.3% for vocal surveys. Results suggest that detection dog surveys can complement vocalization surveys by providing a reliable method for establishing occupancy of both northern spotted and barred owl without requiring owl vocalization. This helps meet objectives of Recovery Actions 24 and 25 of the Revised Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl.
A duality theorem for complex quadratic programming

A duality theory for complex quadratic programming over polyhedral cones is developed, following Dorn, by using linear duality theory.
Gender, Belief in the Sexual Double Standard, and Sexual Talk in Heterosexual Dating Relationships

This study was focused on the extent to which sex, gender, and attitudes toward sexuality influenced the amount and quality of sexual communication within 698 heterosexual dating couples. Women reported more dyadic sexual negotiation but less sexual negotiation efficacy than their male partners, and individuals with less traditional attitudes toward gender roles and sexuality indicated that they discussed more sexual issues and disclosed more sexual information with their partners. Couples with more dyadic sexual communication and sexual assertiveness (but lesser negotiation efficacy) reported increased relational satisfaction. We frame the findings from a script perspective, and our results suggest that individuals who self-disclose important information about sexual issues contribute to the effectiveness of sexual communication in a dating relationship.
Beta-normal distribution in dose-response modeling and risk assessment for quantitative responses

To establish allowable daily intakes for humans from animal bioassay experiments, benchmark doses corresponding to low levels of risk have been proposed to replace the no-observed-adverse-effect level for non-cancer endpoints. When the experimental outcomes are quantal, each animal can be classified with or without the disease. The proportion of affected animals is observed as a function of dose and calculation of the benchmark dose is relatively simple. For quantitative responses, on the other hand, one method is to convert the continuous data to quantal data and proceed with benchmark dose estimation. Another method which has found more popularity (Crump, Risk Anal 15:79–89; 1995) is to fit an appropriate dose–response model to the continuous data, and directly estimate the risk and benchmark doses. The normal distribution has often been used in the past as a dose–response model. However, for non-symmetric data, the normal distribution can lead to erroneous results. Here, we propose the use of the class of beta-normal distribution and demonstrate its application in risk assessment for quantitative responses. The most important feature of this class of distributions is its generality, encompassing a wide range of distributional shapes including the normal distribution as a special case. The properties of the model are briefly discussed and risk estimates are derived based on the asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimates. An example is used for illustration.
Making the history of psychology clinically and philosophically relevant.

The author discusses ways to make the history of psychology course relevant for a clinical psychology doctoral program within a multidenominational Protestant theological seminary. She uses a personalist orientation to emphasize the need to integrate psychology, philosophy, and theology. She differentiates among the intrapersonal, interpersonal, impersonal, and transpersonal dimensions of experience. She illustrates the rich multidisciplinary historical roots of contemporary psychology by tracing the the history of the term psychology and examining its meanings in the existential psychology of Soren Kierkegaard and in the 19th-century novel. She includes brief histories of the "new psychology" and of the unconscious. She describes how she uses the field of psychotheological integration to illustrate principles of historiography and summarizes resources used to supplement traditional textbooks.
Preparation and spectra of some cobaltic complexes of meso-tetra-p-tolylporphin

Abstract A series of cobaltic complexes of meso -tetra- p -tolylporphin have been synthesized as potential vitamin B 12 analog and/or antagonists. Their near u.v., visible and i.r. absorption spectral data have been studied.
Influences of gender, amount of food, and speed of eating on external raters' perceptions of binge eating.

Abstract Traditional methods for examining binge-eating (e.g. food diaries, laboratory binges), primarily employing clinical samples, have a number of limitations. This paper details three studies utilizing a new methodology to examine perceptions of binge eating: standard videotapes of male and female models consuming doughnuts. College students (n=459) viewed one of nine videotapes and were asked if the eating behavior of the model was a binge or not. Variables manipulated include gender of the model, number of doughnuts, rate of eating and social (vs. solitary) eating. The number of doughnuts eaten by a female model was sufficient for female subjects to label it as a binge. In order for a male to have binged, females responded to the amount; males required both speed and amount. Results are discussed in terms of their relevance for understanding perception of binge eating in normal and clinical populations.
Optical testing of MISR lenses and cameras

A unique, highly automated thermal-vacuum facility for optical testing of lenses and cameras is described. In particular, measurements of MTF, boresight, and geometric image distortion over a large parameter space including wavelength, field of view and temperature will be discussed. Unique aspects of the facility include a 'virtual nodal bench' opto-mechanical metrology system and fiber-optic illumination of mechanical reference features.
Quantitative computed tomography-based finite element analysis predictions of femoral strength and stiffness depend on computed tomography settings

The aim of the present study was to compare proximal femur strength and stiffness obtained experimentally with estimations from Finite Element Analysis (FEA) models derived from Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) scans acquired at two different scanner settings. QCT/FEA models could potentially aid in diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis but several drawbacks still limit their predictive ability. One potential reason is that the models are still sensitive to scanner settings which could lead to changes in assigned material properties, thus limiting their results accuracy and clinical effectiveness. To find the mechanical properties we fracture tested 44 proximal femora in a sideways fall-on-the-hip configuration. Before testing, we CT scanned all femora twice, first at high resolution scanner settings, and second at low resolution scanner settings and built 88 QCT/FEA models of femoral strength and stiffness. The femoral set neck bone mineral density, as measured by DXA, uniformly covered the range from osteoporotic to normal. This study showed that the femoral strength and stiffness values predicted from high and low resolution scans were significantly different (p<0.0001). Strength estimated from high resolution QCT scans was larger for osteoporotic, but smaller for normal and osteopenic femora when compared to low resolution scans. In addition, stiffness estimated from high resolution scans was consistently larger than stiffness obtained from low resolution scans over the entire femoral dataset. While QCT/FEA techniques hold promise for use in clinical settings we provided evidence that further improvements are required to increase robustness in their predictive power under different scanner settings and modeling assumptions.
Super-Storm Sandy and the Human Element

I never expected that I would have a lesson in disaster medicine or be thrust into a resource-limited setting in midtown Manhattan, but on 29 October 2012, Super-Storm Sandy came to New York City, ...
Photoacoustic thermography of tissue

Photoacoustic (PA) techniques can measure temperature in biological tissues because PA signal amplitude is sensitive to tissue temperature. So far, temperature-measuring PA techniques have focused on sensing of temperature changes at a single position. In this work, we photoacoustically measured spatial dis- tribution of temperature in deep tissue. By monitoring the temperature at a single position using a thermocouple, the relationship between the PA signal amplitude and the actual temperature was determined. The relationship was then used to translate a PA image into a temperature map. This study showed that it is possible to calibrate the system for the temperature range of hyperthermia using single-point measurements over a smaller temper- ature range. Our experimental results showed a precision of −0.8 � 0.4°C (meanstandard error) in temper- ature measurement, and a spatial resolution as fine as 1.0 mm. PA techniques can be potentially applied to monitor temperature distribution deep in tissue during hyperthermia treatment of cancer. © 2014 Society of Photo-
Activation energy for skeletal aragonite deposited by the hermatypic coral Platygyra spp.

Average radial growth rates of the hemispherical aragonite colonies deposited by the Indo-Pacific scleractinian reef coral Platygyra spp. were determined by measuring the thickness of density variations in the skeleton that are revealed by X-radiography. Ninety-one specimens from 21 localities were examined, but only 54 of these exhibited well-defined growth-banding. The apparent temperature dependence of growth rate is linear over the range 23.9° to 29.3°C, averaging 5.4±0.94 mm/year at 24°C, 8.0±0.42 mm/year at 27°C, and 9.7 ±0.58 mm/year at 29°C (90% confidence limits). Expression of the influence of temperature on growth rate in terms of the Arrhenius equation yields an activation energy of 20,680 cal/mole, which is comparable to values for typical biological reactions, but is only half that reported for skeletogenesis in another reef coral, Pocillopora damicornis, on the basis of controlled incubation studies involving 45Ca uptake.
The purification of Helium Gas by physical adsorption at 76°K

Helium, once a laboratory curiosity, is now an important industrial gas. Helium usage was 948 MMcf in 1966, and commercial consumption is expected to grow at about 15% per yr in the future. The facilities that produce high purity helium use a physical adsorption process at liquid nitrogen temperature for removal of the last quantities of nitrogen or hydrocarbon impurities. The physical adsorption isotherms for 3 methane-helium mixtures, 2 nitrogen-helium mixtures, and 1 methane- nitrogen-helium mixture were measured at 76/sup 0/K and pressures of 2 to 65 atm on a coconut shell charcoal. The adsorption isotherms of the pure components (nitrogen, methane, and helium) were determined also over the appropriate pressure ranges. Methods for predicting the mixing adsorption isotherms by using only the pure component isotherms are discussed and are shown to be adequate for these systems. The concentration vs. time or breakthrough curves were measured also for both the binary and ternary mixtures at a number of different flow rates. Mass transfer coefficients for both the gas phase and the adsorbed phase were obtained from these breakthrough curves. (17 refs.)
Reexamination of the fundamental interactions of water with uranium

Interactions of D2O with uranium metal at 85 and 300 K have been examined using surface specific techniques of thermal desorption mass spectroscopy (TDMS), ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and static secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SSIMS). At low temperatures (85 K), D2O adsorbs dissociatively at low exposures (⩽0.5 L) forming a mixture of surface-bound OD, O and D species while at higher exposures both molecular and dissociative adsorption is observed. The OD species are relatively stable up to ∼200 K, above this temperature their concentration rapidly decreases (undetectable at T⩾400 K). Three D2 desorption states are observed upon annealing a D2O layer(s) on uranium prepared at 85 K: deuterium atoms recombining directly from dissociating OD/D2O groups between 120 and 300 K; recombination of deuterium adsorbed directly on the metal surface at ∼395 K (⩽1.2 L); and deuterium atoms that interact with the metal and recombine and desorb in the presence of an oxygen layer at ∼435 K (⩾1.2 L). At 300 K, adsorption is primarily dissociative with the formation of OD groups at higher exposures (⩾3.0 L). Similar to the 85 K adsorption, three D2 desorption states are observed in the TDMS spectra when D2O is adsorbed at 300 K. The origin of these peaks is the same as for the 85 K except that the desorption temperature for the last peak is notably higher. This difference in Tmax for the high-temperature peak when dosing at 300 K is attributed to thicker oxide/oxygen layer obtained when exposing the surface to D2O at 300 K.
A Novel Role of Sprouty 2 in Regulating Cellular Apoptosis

Sprouty (SPRY) proteins modulate receptor-tyrosine kinase signaling and, thereby, regulate cell migration and proliferation. Here, we have examined the role of endogenous human SPRY2 (hSPRY2) in the regulation of cellular apoptosis. Small inhibitory RNA-mediated silencing of hSPRY2 abolished the anti-apoptotic action of serum in adrenal cortex adenocarcinoma (SW13) cells. Silencing of hSPRY2 decreased serum- or epidermal growth factor (EGF)-elicited activation of AKT and ERK1/2 and reduced the levels of EGF receptor. Silencing of hSPRY2 also inhibited serum-induced activation of p90RSK and decreased phosphorylation of pro-apoptotic protein BAD (BCL2-antagonist of cell death) by p90RSK. Inhibiting both the ERK1/2 and AKT pathways abolished the ability of serum to protect against apoptosis, mimicking the effects of silencing hSPRY2. Serum transactivated the EGF receptor (EGFR), and inhibition of the EGFR by a neutralizing antibody attenuated the anti-apoptotic actions of serum. Consistent with the role of EGFR and perhaps other growth factor receptors in the anti-apoptotic actions of serum, the tyrosine kinase binding domain of c-Cbl (Cbl-TKB) protected against down-regulation of the growth factor receptors such as EGFR and preserved the anti-apoptotic actions of serum when hSpry2 was silenced. Additionally, silencing of Spry2 in c-Cbl null cells did not alter the ability of serum to promote cell survival. Moreover, reintroduction of wild type hSPRY2, but not its mutants that do not bind c-Cbl or CIN85 into SW13 cells after endogenous hSPRY2 had been silenced, restored the anti-apoptotic actions of serum. Overall, we conclude that endogenous hSPRY2-mediated regulation of apoptosis requires c-Cbl and is manifested by the ability of hSPRY2 to sequester c-Cbl and thereby augment signaling via growth factor receptors.
Differences between Calculated and Measured Long-Term Deflections in a Prestressed Concrete Girder Bridge

The monitoring of five precast, prestressed bridge girders during fabrication and service provided the opportunity to observe changes in camber over time. These camber variations were compared with corresponding strain and temperature measurements. Each of the girders was cast outside during the winter. As a result, the cold ground acted as a heat sink, and a significant temperature gradient existed during curing of each of the instrumented girders. These temperature gradients are believed to have caused the wide range in the short- and long-term cambers. A procedure to calculate the effect that curing temperatures have on girder camber is presented. In addition, the measured camber values are compared with predicted values using the multiplier method, improved multiplier method, and a detailed time-step method. It was found for the long-span girders that the measured camber values were on average within 10% of the predicted values using the detailed time-step method, but ranged from 22% lower to 27% higher for the simpler methods.
Absolute Measurement of Radioactivity

The accuracy of radioactivity measurements is discussed in the context of current efforts to achieve reproducible results among standards laboratories. This is considered essentially a problem of selecting an absolute method of measurement and defining the experimental requirements in sufficient detail for general use. A further analysis of coincidence counting is made in an attempt to define more clearly the conditions under which this method may provide acceptable accuracy.
SenseGlass: using google glass to sense daily emotions

For over a century, scientists have studied human emotions in laboratory settings. However, these emotions have been largely contrived -- elicited by movies or fake "lab" stimuli, which tend not to matter to the participants in the studies, at least not compared with events in their real life. This work explores the utility of Google Glass, a head-mounted wearable device, to enable fundamental advances in the creation of affect-based user interfaces in natural settings.
Adolescents from Divorced and Intact Families

Four hundred-forty adolescents (N = 123 adolescents from divorced families) were given a set of scales on relationships (intimacy with parents .and social support, faqily responsibil- ity-taking) and psychological variables (happiness, self-esteem, de- pression and risk-taking) to determine the effects of divorce on these variables. The adolescents from divorced families differed very liltle from those of intact families. As might be expected, they perceived less intimacy with their fathers as well as less social support, and they assumed more family responsibilities.
History, narrative and responsibility: Speech acts in Henry James's ‘The Aspern Papers’

Abstract Speech act theory, as inaugurated by J. L. Austin's How to Do Things with Words (1962), has generated two distinct traditions of such theorizing. One is associated with John Searle and analytic philosophy. The other is represented by Paul de Man and Jacques Derrida, both in their literary studies and in their reflections about politics and society. A Searlean speech act is rational, predictable, bound by rules and conventions. It leaves intact the rules and conventions that enable and authorize it. For de Man and Derrida, in somewhat different ways, each performative, even though it may repeat forms of words used innumerable times before, is singular and inaugural. It changes the rules and institutions themselves, indeed all the surrounding context, rather than simply depending on them to get something efficiently done. Henry James's ‘The Aspern Papers’ would seem to have little to do with such distinctions. The story appears, as its preface suggests, primarily to have to do with history and, mor...