cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Low-energy electron scattering from CO. II. Ab initio study using the frame-transformation theory

The Wigner-Eisenbud R matrix method has been combined with the frame transformation theory to study electron scattering from molecular systems. The R matrix, calculated at the boundary point of the molecular core radius, has been transformed to the space frame in order to continue the solution of the scattering equations in the outer region where rotational motion of the nuclei is taken into account. This procedure has been applied to a model calculation of thermal energy electron scattering from CO.
High-Speed Nano Electromechanical Optoelectronic Tunable VCSEL

We present a nano-electromechanical optoelectronic tunable VCSEL utilizing a mobile and super-thin single-layer high-index-contrast subwavelength grating. Ultra-low threshold and single mode emission laser with continuous wavelength tuning range ~18 nm and ultra-fast tuning speed ~150 ns was experimentally obtained.
Systems biology approach for subtyping asthma; where do we stand now?

Purpose of review The purpose of this review is to discuss the present systems biology approach to asthma and how it is helping to define asthma subtypes. Although the general concept of systems biology will be discussed, the article will focus on recent developments in the field related to asthma. Recent findings The most recent work in systems biology and asthma has occurred in the area of genomics (e.g., pharmacogenomics and gene-environment interactions), protein interaction networks [e.g., interleukin (IL)-33/IL-1 receptor-like 1 signaling], cluster analysis of asthma patients (e.g., application of severe asthma research program clusters to a general urban asthma population), and multiscale approaches to asthma encompassing data from the molecule to whole organ (e.g., modeling of airways hyperresponsiveness). Summary The results of recent work in this area have led to new insight into gene-cytokine and protein-protein networks involved in asthma, a better determination of key clinical factors associated with asthma subtypes, and the beginning of sophisticated multiscale approaches to modeling, understanding and predicting the behavior of the asthmatic lung.
Revamping the Weak, Protecting the Strong, and Managing Privatization: Governing Globalization in the Spanish Takeoff

Conventional wisdom holds that liberal economic policy and a hasty integration into the European Union is the central feature of Spain’s successful adaptation to the globalizationwave. This study argues that a set of illiberal and protectionist policies are crucial to understanding the Spanish transformation. Spain’s reorganization of its economy displayed three broad components: the revamping of industrial sectors from above; the targeted protection granted to the energy, banking, and telecommunications sectors; and a defined strategy of privatization that prevented any major international player from taking part in a given business. The author argues that this statist model of market transition in Spain was decisively shaped by two concrete features of the Spanish political economy as it unfolded under the import substitution industrialization model: the organizational and economic weakness of the domestic industrial bourgeoisie and the comparatively entrenched position of financial capital and its ener...
Scalable Bayesian Reduced-Order Models for Simulating High-Dimensional Multiscale Dynamical Systems

While existing mathematical descriptions can accurately account for phenomena at microscopic scales (e.g., molecular dynamics), these are often high-dimensional, stochastic, and their applicability over macroscopic time scales of physical interest is computationally infeasible or impractical. In complex systems, with limited physical insight on the coherent behavior of their constituents, the only available information is data obtained from simulations of the trajectories of huge numbers of degrees of freedom over microscopic time scales. The analysis of these large amounts of data hinges upon the ability to efficiently extract meaningful latent properties and to discover reduced, predictive descriptions. This paper discusses a Bayesian approach to deriving probabilistic coarse-grained models that simultaneously addresses the problems of identifying appropriate reduced coordinates and the effective dynamics in this lower-dimensional representation. At the core of the models proposed lie simple, low-dimens...
The design of a domain-specified visualization modeling language for warfare simulation based on meta-model

According to the theory of MDA, the domain meta-models for the Warfare Simulation System (WSS) are derived from the basic concepts and elements in the warfare simulation domain. Basing on these domain meta-models, a visualization domain-specified modeling language MT-CSML and its matching modeling toolkit CSMLDev are presented to diminish the negative influences of factors which exist in the traditional modeling process. The CSMLDev toolkit has four perspectives, which can give a detailed unified description about the static and dynamic features of the WSS. With MT-CSML and its modeling toolkit's help, the modeling engineers can focus on the key business logic derived from the warfare domain knowledge and establish the components, entities and interaction relationships of the WSM conveniently. MT-CSML's model is stored in readable XML format and the meta-models are compatible with MOF and BOM, which makes the further processing, transformation and extension possible. It is concluded from the practice that the MT-CSML is an intuitive visualization domain-specified modeling language, which has the multi-perspective describing capability to enable fewer cognitive-bias and more productivity in the domain modeling process.
Effect of an applied magnetic field on the charge-density-wave carrier concentration in NbSe3.

We report measurements of the resistance and narrow-band noise (NBN) in ${\mathrm{NbSe}}_{3}$ for magnetic fields from 0 to 9.6 T and temperatures from 24 to 55 K. We have observed that the magnetic field has a very small effect on the charge-density-wave (CDW) carrier concentration in the lower temperature range 24T38 K. Above T\ensuremath{\approxeq}40 K, the application of a magnetic field has essentially no discernible effect on ${\mathit{n}}_{\mathrm{CDW}}$. We have analyzed the data in such a way as to investigate any influence Joule heating might have on the data, especially in the lower-temperature range. We find that for T38 K an applied magnetic field of 9.6 T changes the CDW carrier concentration obtained from the slope of the CDW current versus NBN frequency curves by approximately \ensuremath{\le}5--6 %.
The therapeutic and experimental uses of oxygen at increased pressures

The relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen in inspired air, either at normal or increased pressures, to the oxygen tension of alveolar air and arterial blood, has been reviewed. The oxygen content of the plasma is a function of alveolar oxygen tension. It is possible to increase the oxygen tension of the inspired air by different methods, and if it is raised to 2.5 or 3 atmospheres in an hyperbaric chamber, sufficient oxygen will be present in the plasma, alone to meet the metabolic needs of the body at rest.
Piping Response to Steam-Generated Water Hammer

Theoretical estimates are presented for the impulse generated by the collapse of a steam bubble trapped by a column of subcooled liquid in a pipe. Predictions are compared with experimental results obtained in a laboratory scale test system. The excitation of pipe responses by the transmission of the water hammer impulse through pipe bends is discussed and predictions are presented for two simple piping configurations. Experimentally measured pipe deflections excited by a steam-generated water hammer are compared with the predictions.
Efficacy of tonsillectomy for recurrent throat infection in adults

Objective/Hypothesis: Sore throats result in health care visits, use of oral antibiotics, and days off work or school for many patients who do not meet American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) guidelines for tonsillectomy. We sought to determine whether tonsillectomy would benefit this group. Study Design: Retrospective analysis of the medical records of all patients aged 16 years or older who had tonsillectomy at our institution between 1988 and 1993. Methods: Number of clinic visits, number of throat cultures positive for streptococci, and number of prescriptions for oral antibiotics recorded for 147 patients during the 2-year periods before and after tonsillectomy were tabulated. Statistical comparisons were made using the Student's t test. Mean number of clinic visits and oral antibiotics prescribed for throat infection before tonsillectomy were significantly higher than after tonsillectomy. Results : Patients who had throat cultures positive for streptococci had more preoperative clinic visits and use of oral antibiotics than patients whose throat cultures were not positive for streptococci. When surveyed by telephone, most (>87%) of the respondents reported that they had fewer and less severe sore throats, required fewer days off work or school, and would recommend the procedure. Conclusions: Our results suggest that early tonsillectomy in patients with recurrent throat infection may result in improved patient satisfaction, better health, and improved utilization of medical resources.
Sorbitol dehydrogenase from horse liver: Purification, characterization and comparative properties

Abstract 1. 1. The identity of horse liver sorbitol dehydrogenase ( l -iditol: NAD oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.14) has been established following affinity gel purification on Blue Sepharose 6B. 2. 2. The enzyme was found to retain 80% of its activity after seven days (20°C) in contact with its gel ligand. 3. 3. The preparation shows similar molecular weight, pH-activity profile, substrate specificity and kinetic constants to the rabbit, rat and sheep liver enzyme. 4. 4. Extended exposure to denaturing solvents revealed the presence of a 26,000 mol. wt subunit. Comparable treatment of the sheep liver enzyme gave rise to a similar size (25,700) subunit not previously reported.
A Comparison of Explanations of Competition for Gubernatorial and Senatorial Nomination: 1954-1974:

rT nHE NOMINATING process holds a special fascination for students of political power in the United States. Competition for nominations is studied as both a measure of organizational effectiveness and as an indicator of intraparty democracy. Although a laundry list of independent variables has been proposed as explanation of competition for nominations, little attempt has been made to analyze either the relative or combined impact of these variables on competition for nominations. This paper examines the conventional hypotheses about competition for nominations using data from all gubernatorial and senatorial nominations made in the United States between 1954 and 1974.
The Meshing Organization as a Catalyst for Municipal Coordination

The concept of a meshing organization is defined. A meshing organization brings about coordination between political and bureaucratic entities without threatening their autonomy. Differences between meshing organizations and other coordinative structures are explored. The strategies are interpreted in terms of the resource-dependence model of interorganizational relations. Nine strategies through which the meshing organization can strengthen itself bureaucratically while increasing the degree of intergovernmental coordination are discussed. Examples of an active meshing organization in a conservative, metropolitan county.
A coupled nonlinear hyperbolic-parabolic system

Abstract A boundary initial value problem for a quasi-linear hyperbolic system in one space variable is coupled to a boundary initial value problem for a quasi-linear parabolic equation in two space variables. The coupling occurs through one of the boundary conditions for the hyperbolic system and the source term in the parabolic equation. Such a coupling can arise in the consideration of gas flowing in a porous medium and out of that medium via a pipe. A local existence and uniqueness theorem is demonstrated. The proof involves the method of characteristics, Bernstein's estimates for parabolic partial differential equations, and the contracting mapping theorem.
Do caged-Ca2+ compounds mimic the physiological stimulus for secretion?

Abstract We measured the exocytotic response induced by a rapid and global increase in the concentration of Ca 2+ or GTPγS (achieved by flash photolysis of caged compounds) in mast cells and chromaffin cells. Secretion was measured by following both cell membrane capacitance and amperometry. When Ca 2+ was used to trigger secretion, we observed an immediate increase in capacitance, however, the first amperometric spike observed was delayed with respect to the change in capacitance (∼5 s in mast cells and ∼0.6 s in chromaffin cells). In contrast, when GTPγS was used to trigger secretion no such discrepancy was seen, both measurements reported a secretory response that was similarly delayed with respect to the stimulus. These data suggest that the capacitance increase, when triggered by a large Ca 2+ step, reports events that do not result in the fusion of vesicles containing oxidizable substances. These results contrast with the smaller secretory responses evoked by the transient opening of Ca 2+ channels. Under these more physiological conditions, pulsed-laser imaging studies revealed that the Ca 2+ influx was localized to discrete areas at the plasma membrane. Thus the Ca 2+ stimulus triggered by DM-nitrophen fails to reproduce the small localized changes seen during a physiological stimulation and creates an artifactual non-secretory capacitive response.
Chemical ecology ofReticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) andR. virginicus (Banks) (Rhinotermitidae) : Chemistry of the soldier cephalic secretions.

Reticulitermes flavipes andR. virginicus have been examined for the presence and possible defense functions of soldiers specific secretions. The cephalic extracts for soldiers of both species contained the identical two major sesquiterpenes which were absent from other castes. The sesquiterpenes have been identified as γ1-cadinene (I) and the corresponding aldehyde (II) by high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry using homonuclear proton decoupling and by high-resolution mass spectrometry. When groups of termite soldiers were exposed to foraging parties of the sympatric native fire ant,Solenopsis geminata, the termites utilized only mechanical defenses. No evidence was obtained to indicate that the ants had been sprayed or coated with either an irritant or toxicant, and there was no evidence that an alarm had been promulgated.
A new methodology for detecting source number

Current methods for detecting source number in magnetic source image (MSI) have some shortcomings: i) they are somewhat subjective, ii) various MSIs employ different indexes, and iii) the number of the potential sources in MSI via Beamforming may be underestimated. The new approach extracts a principal component from each trial which serves as a (one) representative virtual channel for that trial. Principal components from all trials are combined to form a (one) synthesized trial. The information criterion is applied to this synthesized trial to select an optimal estimate of the source number. PCA reduces noise and captures the greatest variability in each trial, the synthesized trial reduces data fluctuations among trials and also reduces the dimensions of the covariance matrix. The approach is entirely data-driven and is suitable for detecting seizures and interictal spikes in epilepsy patients.
Cystic Fibrosis: a disease of ion channels?

Abstract Cystic fibrosis is of interest to neuroscientists because it appears to be a disease of ion channels. It is not the conduction properties of ion channels that are affected, but rather their gating by chemical agonists. These conductance pathways appear to be unique to epithelial cells in which salt and water transport rates are governed by cAMP- and Ca 2+ -dependent regulatory processes.
Reappraisal of digitalis. Part VIII. Digitalis dosage

Abstract In long-term digitalis therapy, it is important to assess the dose regularly and to adjust it on the basis of clinical observation. Increasing symptoms and signs of heart failure are always indications for a trial of an increased dose of the cardiac glycoside rather than for the immediate institution of diuretic therapy.
Tissue levels of doxycycline in the human lung and pleura.

Antibiotic concentrations in the human lung and pleural tissue were measured following intravenous administration of doxycycline. The average serum levels were 9.3, 7.0 and 3.0 µg/ml at 1, 2, and 3 hours; correspondingly, the lung tissue levels were 6.8, 3.5 and 23 µg/g. The pleural tissue antibiotic concentrations at the same time intervals were 2.5, 1.5, and 1.5 µg/g. This suggests that doxycycline is retained well by the lung and the pleura, well above the minimal inhibitory concentration of most of the common bacterial pathogens of the lung, and may be used in the treatment of lung infections caused by susceptible organisms.
Cataloging electronic journals: learning to weave the Web

Abstract Once the decision was made to catalog electronic serials (electronic journals or e-journals) at the University of Pennsylvania, it was up to the serials catalogers to decide how much information would be provided in the record, as well as to develop a “standard” form. Even though the cataloging would come from two separate units (the main University Library and the Biomedical Library), the records would be part of the same OPAC. As very few other libraries were cataloging Internet resources at the time and national standards were still under discussion, it was necessary to “learn by doing.” The authors describe the process of creating cataloging records for the more than 1550 Internet serial resources and the progression from brief, basic records on the library's gopher to full-level cataloging of Internet titles for these items. Examples of problems unique to this format are supplied; discussion of foreign and domestic online newspapers and established publisher-and/or vendor-generated scholarly...
Achieving Efficiency and Equity in Sugar Factories and Sugar‐Cropping Patterns Under Climate Change in Upper and Middle Egypt

Drought as a natural phenomenon, due to variability of meteorological conditions, strikes worldwide but the severity of its impact depends on the vulnerabilities of water supply systems and economical and sectors as well as on the effectiveness of the adopted mitigation measures. The aim of this paper is to study achieving efficiency and equity in sugar factories and sugar-cropping patterns in Upper and Middle Egypt by focusing on the Strategic Water Shortage Preparedness Plan, introduction methodologies, and specific action to fight drought within the general water-planning framework. The Linear Programming Model was applied to calculate the sugar crops, sugar cane and sugar beet acreage, production, and income of both Upper and Middle Egypt. As a result of an optimal cropping pattern, the cultivation season would lose acreage by 7.260%, farm income increase by 1.774%, water uses decrease by 18.511%, and CO2 emission and energy reduced by 14.96%. Overall, as a result of an optimal sugar-cropping pattern, Egyptian sugar exports would decrease by $130.086 million US. [EconLit classification: Q130 and Q000].
Therapeutic plasma exchange for fulminant hepatic failure secondary to Wilson's disease

Wilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal-recessive disorder of impaired copper metabolism resulting in accumulation of copper primarily in the liver but ultimately in many organs and tissues. A small number of patients with WD initially present with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), hypercupremia, and intravascular hemolysis. The therapeutic goals for these patients include quickly removing the copper and preparing the patient for liver transplantation. Here, we report on a 6-year-old male with WD in FHF with anemia, renal insufficiency, and coagulopathy. The patient received a series of therapeutic plasma exchanges (TPE) as adjunctive therapy to remove copper and stabilize his coagulopathy and anemia until a transplant was possible. A total of five single plasma volume (1500 mL) TPE were performed over the course of 11 days with plasma as the replacement fluid. Laboratory results demonstrated temporary improvement after each procedure. Liver transplantation was performed 12 days after beginning TPE and 35 days after admission to the hospital. TPE was a successful adjunctive therapy to bridge this patient with WD to transplantation.
A Test of the Social Facilitation Theories of Cottrell and Zajonc in a Coaction Situation

Zajonc' theory that the presence of a coactor is suffi cient to facilitate a dominant response was compared with Cot rell's theory that facilitation does not occur unless coactors compete. During 150 baseline trials 80 males individually predic ted the occurrence of two stimuli on a PDP-12 computer screen. For 150 test trials subjects were divided among alone-noncompetition, alone-competition, dyad-noncompetition, and dyad-competition con ditions. In addition, an alone-incentive group was paid 1c per correct prediction in order to assess the effects of drive on the dominant prediction. The results supported Cottrell: only the alone-incentive and dyad-competition groups showed facilitation of the dominant prediction from baseline to test session.
Longitudinal investigation of interpersonal trauma exposure and alcohol use trajectories

BACKGROUND: The current longitudinal study examined associations between interpersonal potentially traumatic events (PTEs; i.e., sexual or physical assault) and changes in alcohol consumption among incoming college students. METHODS: 1197 students (68% female) participating in a university-wide research study were included in analyses. Assessments were administered at three time-points and included measures of alcohol use, PTEs (Life Events Checklist), and a screener for possible PTSD symptoms (abbreviated Primary Care PTSD Screen). Linear growth curve models were fit to the three repeated measures of alcohol quantity and frequency to determine the role of pre-college and college-onset interpersonal PTEs and possible PTSD symptoms on patterns of alcohol use. RESULTS: Pre-college interpersonal PTE was associated with greater baseline alcohol use for female but not male students. College-onset interpersonal PTE predicted greater alcohol use at concurrent and future assessments for women but not men, beyond the effects of pre-college PTE. Pre-college possible PTSD symptoms did not predict baseline or change in alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS: There may be a stronger and longer-lasting impact of interpersonal PTE for college women compared to men on alcohol phenotypes, although replication in studies oversampling men endorsing interpersonal PTE is needed. Language: en
What can fruit flies teach us about karate

Understanding the logic behind how a fruit fly's brain tells it to groom its body parts in a stereotyped order might help us understand other behaviours that also involve a series of actions.
Cluster Approach to First-Principles Thermodynamics of Crystals

Total energy density-functional methods have made it possible to calculate, from first principles, such important properties as cohesive energies, lattice constants and elastic moduli for elemental crystals and perfectly ordered compounds. Real solids are imperfect, however, so that lattice vibrations and compositional disorder lead to entropy contributions, vibrational and configurational. When these effects are included in an appropriate manner, properties of real crystals can be computed ab initio as a function of temperature and concentration. Consequently, it is possible to obtain, virtually from the knowledge of atomic numbers alone, such basic thermodynamic properties as free energies, entropies, heats of formation, and lattice parameters for stable and metastable phases, leading, for example, to the successful computation of certain classes of phase diagrams
Nondiscrimination Clauses in Vertical Contracts

In their seminal article on multilateral vertical contracting, McAfee and Schwartz (1994) argue that nondiscrimination clauses may be ineffective in curbing opportunism and may thus have no bite. This begs the question why nondiscrimination clauses are commonly observed in intermediate-goods markets. In this note, we show that nondiscrimination clauses alter the monopolist’s incentives and thus affect equilibrium payoffs even if they do not support equilibria in which all firms are offered the joint-profit-maximizing contract.
Suprathreshold contrast perception across differences in mean luminance: effects of stimulus size, dichoptic presentation, and length of adaptation

Contrast constancy across changes in mean luminance was reported to hold over a wide range of luminances in a few studies and to be limited to approximately 1 log unit in another. The studies reporting contrast constancy over a wide luminance range used extended grating stimuli presented dichoptically (bright stimulus to one eye and dim stimulus to the other) with long adaptation periods. The study reporting only limited constancy used narrow (1-octave-wide) Gabor patches presented side by side to both eyes with only a short (up to 5 s) period of adaptation. The current study was designed to determine whether differences in stimulus bandwidth, presentation format, or adaptation time could account for the different results reported. It was found that increasing stimulus size had no effect on the results. Dichoptic presentation with either a filter in front of one eye or calibrated screen luminance could account for the differences between the studies. When dichoptic presentation was combined with short adaptation periods (of a few seconds) an intermediate deviation from constancy was demonstrated. This effect suggests that the deviations from constancy demonstrated under free viewing are due to a lack of fast local adaptation and not to long-distance interactions across the retina.
Database research opportunities in computer games

In this paper, we outline several ways in which the database community can contribute to the development of technology for computer games. We outline the architecture of different types of computer games, and show how database technology plays a role in their design. From this, we identify several new research directions to improve the utilization of this technology in computer games.
A Mathematical Model of Oxide/Carbon Composite Electrode for Supercapacitors

A pseudo two-dimensional model is developed for the general application of supercapacitors consisting of an oxide/carbon composite electrode. The model takes into account the diffusion of protons in the oxide particle by employing the method of superposition. RuO 2 /carbon system is modeled as a specific example. From the simulation data, it is found that the oxide particle size and proton diffusion coefficient have an enormous effect on the performance at high discharge rate due to the limitation of proton transport into RuO 2 particles. With increasing carbon ratio, the porosity of electrode increases, which causes the potential drop in solution phase to decrease. However, excess of carbon lowers the total capacitance because the pseudocapacitance from RuO 2 decreases. Finally, the present model successfully provides a methodology to optimize cell configurations and operating conditions.
A fast Gray-to-binary code conversion

A fast parallel method for Gray-to-binary code conversion based on the "divide and conquer" principle is presented. Basic implementation schemes with ROM modules are given and their performances are discussed.
Computer-assisted Learning, Computer-based Guidance and the Teaching of Educational Research Methods

The microcomputer has made a considerable impact on the teaching of social research methods—through its capacity to save repetitive labour and its flexibility as a vehicle for computer‐assisted learning. This paper begins by describing some of these more conventional uses of the microcomputer, with reference to the teaching of educational research methods. It goes on to outline a new role for the computer as educational catalyst; a role which arises from a recognition that many of the forms of interaction which occur between man and computer can be characterised as processes of learning. By focusing on research as learning, and on the potential of computer‐based aids to research and learning, a powerful reflexive approach to the teaching of educational research method can be adopted.
The genetic architecture of coordinately evolving male wing pigmentation and courtship behavior in Drosophila elegans and Drosophila gunungcola

Many adaptive phenotypes consist of combinations of simpler traits that act synergistically, such as morphological traits and the behaviors that use those traits. Genetic correlations between components of such combinatorial traits, in the form of pleiotropic or tightly linked genes, can in principle promote the evolution and maintenance of these traits. In the Oriental Drosophila melanogaster species group, male wing pigmentation shows phylogenetic correlations with male courtship behavior; species with male-specific apical wing melanin spots also exhibit male visual wing displays, whereas species lacking these spots generally lack the displays. In this study, we investigated the quantitative genetic basis of divergence in male wing spots and displays between D. elegans, which possesses both traits, and its sibling species D. gunungcola, which lacks them. We found that divergence in wing spot size is determined by at least three quantitative trait loci (QTL) and divergence in courtship score is determined by at least four QTL. On the autosomes, QTL locations for pigmentation and behavior were generally separate, but on the X chromosome two clusters of QTL were found affecting both wing pigmentation and courtship behavior. We also examined the genetic basis of divergence in three components of male courtship, wing display, circling, and body shaking. Each of these showed a distinct genetic architecture, with some QTL mapping to similar positions as QTL for overall courtship score. Pairwise tests for interactions between marker loci revealed evidence of epistasis between putative QTL for wing pigmentation but not those for courtship behavior. The clustering of X-linked QTL for male pigmentation and behavior is consistent with the concerted evolution of these traits and motivates fine-scale mapping studies to elucidate the nature of the contributing genetic factors in these intervals.
Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of MnO

We calculate the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of MnO from first principles, using the full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave method, with both local-density and generalized-gradient approximations to exchange and correlation. We find the ground state to be of rhombohedrally distorted $B1$ structure with compression along the $[111]$ direction, antiferromagnetic with type-II ordering, and insulating, consistent with experiment. We show that the distortion can be understood in terms of a Heisenberg model with distance dependent nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor interactions determined from first principles. Finally, we show that magnetic ordering can induce significant charge anisotropy, and give predictions for electric-field gradients in the observed rhombohedrally distorted structure.
1141154113 Expression of natural cytotoxicity receptors in peripheral blood NK cell subsets of women with recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA) or implantation failures

Problem: Natural Cytotoxicity Receptors (NCRs) are unique markers of NK cells and regulate NK cell cytotoxicity and cytokine production. a2V-ATPase is expressed in the cell membrane and can regulate the pH of the extracellular environment, which might facilitate NK cell killing or cytokine secretion. In this preliminary study we evaluated the expression of NCRs and a2V-ATPase in peripheral blood NK cells of women with RSA or implantation (IVF-ET) failures. Method of Study: Peripheral blood was obtained from women with RSA (n = 10), or IVF-ET failures (n = 9). CD56dim and CD56bright NK cells were analyzed for the expression of NCRs (NKp46, NKp44 and NKp30) and a2V-ATPase using flow cytometry. Results: For women with RSA, there were significant differences in the expression of NKp46 between CD56dim (36.9 ± 30.2) and CD56bright (76.0 ± 27.5) (P < 0.01), of NKp30 between CD56dim (30.9 ± 25.7) and CD56bright (55.8 ± 29.5) (P < 0.01), and of a2V-ATPase between CD56dim (1.0 ± 0.9) and CD56bright (23.2 ± 15.1) (P < 0.01) NK cells. For women with IVF-ET failures, there were significant differences in the expression of NKp46 between CD56dim (39.5 ± 21.5) and CD56bright (78.8 ± 26.0) (P < 0.01), of NKp30 between CD56dim (27.2 ± 17.9) and CD56bright (45.2 ± 29.8) (P < 0.05), and of a2V-ATPase between CD56dim (1.6 ± 1.4) and CD56bright (21.2 ± 16.5) (P < 0.01) NK cells. Conclusions: The differential expression of NCRs and a2V-ATPase in NK cell subsets of women with RSA and IVF-ET failures may have an effect in cytotoxicity and cytokine production. Additional studies are currently in effect to evaluate these activities. We suggest that the analysis of NCRs and a2V-ATPase expression in peripheral blood NK cell subsets may contribute to a better understanding in the biology of NK cells in women with RSA or IVF-ET failures.
Septal perforator arteries: from angiographic-morphologic characteristics to related revascularization options.

The interventricular septum, a structure that plays an essential role in left and right ventricular function,l contains important elements of the conduction system and is considered the most densely vascularized area of the heart.2 Significant obstructions of the septal arteries can cause ischemia, arrhythmias, angina, depression of ventricular function, and jeopardy of a large mass of myocardium.3 As septal arteries differ from the major epicardial coronary arteries in their size and intramural course, a direct surgical bypass of a diseased septal artery is rarely considered a realistic means of revascularization. The purpose of this communication is to delineate the unique morphologic characteristics and angiographic features of the septal perforator arteries and to discuss emerging options for their revascularization. Anatomy and morphology Anterior septal perforator arteries. The anterior septal arteries are tributaries of the left anterior descending artery, supplying two thirds of the upper portion of the interventricular septum and perfusing almost the entire inferior third of the septum. Varying in number (usually from 4 to 13) with an average of eight branches,4 these vessels arise at a right angle to the epicardium, penetrate perpendicularly into the septal tissue, and traverse caudally in the septum from its anterior toward its posterior portion. Septal branches arising from the proximal segments of the left anterior descending artery are of greater caliber and length, move little during arteriography, and as a result are angiographically better demonstrated (in
Equitable colorings of outerplanar graphs

Abstract A proper vertex coloring of a graph is equitable if the sizes of color classes differ by at most 1. In this note, we prove the conjecture of Yap and Zhang that every outerplanar graph with maximum degree at most Δ admits an equitable k -coloring for every k ⩾1+ Δ /2. This restriction on k cannot be weakened.
Factions, regionalism, and national assembly nominations in South Korea, 1948-2008

Reidhead, Jacob.June, 2015.Factions, regionalism, and national assembly nominations in South Korea, 1948-2008,Reports,[Stanford, U.S.]Stanford University,58
PDTB-style Discourse Annotation of Chinese Text

We describe a discourse annotation scheme for Chinese and report on the preliminary results. Our scheme, inspired by the Penn Discourse TreeBank (PDTB), adopts the lexically grounded approach; at the same time, it makes adaptations based on the linguistic and statistical characteristics of Chinese text. Annotation results show that these adaptations work well in practice. Our scheme, taken together with other PDTB-style schemes (e.g. for English, Turkish, Hindi, and Czech), affords a broader perspective on how the generalized lexically grounded approach can flesh itself out in the context of cross-linguistic annotation of discourse relations.
Coma and Altered Mental Status

Coma is a neurologic state that is described as loss of wakefulness and decreased awareness of one’s surroundings. It is caused by multiple etiologies and is a medical emergency that must be rapidly evaluated and treated. Treatable causes (meningitis and intracranial hypertension) and emergently required interventions (neurosurgical procedures) should be addressed after evaluation of airway, breathing, and circulation. Further investigation into etiology should be performed systematically, taking into account age, history and physical exam findings. Thorough neurologic examination, laboratory evaluation and imaging can help derive the etiology of coma. Patients may fully recover, remain in a minimally conscious state or persistent vegetative state, or progress to brain death. Recovery is dependent on the underlying coma etiology. Prognostication of outcome can be performed using multimodal neurologic monitoring modalities including repeated neurologic examination, evoked potentials, electroencephalography, neuroimaging, and natural history of disease. Clinician experience, prognostics data, and familial values together can impact the long term outcomes of the patients.
La epistemología y metodología de la investigación exploratoria en ciencias sociales: cruzando Popper con Marcuse

Karl Popper demuestra que la induccion no lleva a la verdad y sugiere la deduccion como unica forma de llegar a propuestas cientificas. Al mismo tiempo deja claro que teorias y hipoteses son modelos mentales que no pueden ser probadas con evidencia empirica. Por consequencia, la deduccion, al igual a la induccion, no es capaz de producir “la verdad.” Con esto, y tomando en cuenta los avanzes en epistemologia feminista sobre “standpoints” y los trabajos recientes sobre estudios de caso, vale la pena re-evaluar la induccion y los estudios heuristicos-explorativos. Este artigo elabora los criterios bajo las cuales la investigacion explorativa puede ser efectuada de forma rigorosa y sistematica. Los resultados de una investigacion explorativa ejecutada de forma transparente, auto-reflexiva, y honesta pueden ser objectivos – mismo que parciales. En esto, la dialectica ofrece una forma de aproximarse a la realidad frutifera, porque apunta para contradicciones como puntos de entrada para la investigacion empirica.
(Dis)locating nations in the World Cup: football fandom and the global geopolitics of affect

ABSTRACTThe World Cup, as a tournament that pits national teams against one another, initially seems to be a site where support for sports is tied to nations. However, situating this sporting event at the intersection of discourses of globalization, transnational circulation of capital and populations, and theories of fandom, our examination of diasporic populations found that the choice is not a simple one between ‘origin nation’ and ‘residence nation.’ Instead, the decision of which team to support relies much more on an attenuated, complex notion that we call transnational affinity. We examine this concept in relation to the context of transnational flow of players, media, spectators, and capital, contending that locating nations or national preference in the World Cup requires understanding the contemporary de- or trans-nationalization of not only sports but identity itself beyond the binary of national and global.
Sensitive Test for Detection of Early Viral Myocarditis in Mice

SummaryThe electrocardiogram was used to study the myocardial effects of viral infection in mice. Thirty-seven adult mice were infected with a cardiotropic Coxsackie B1 virus. The tracings of the infected animals were not unlike those obtained from uninfected controls, however, following the infusion of glucose and insulin, the virus infected animals exhibited significant prolongation in the P-R interval as compared with that of 38 uninfected controls (p < 0.005). The calculated P-R index 60 min after infusion was greater than 1.30 (mean P-R index: 1.01 ± 0.128 SD) in more than 60% of the virus-infected mice as compared to less than 15% in the uninfected controls. The difference observed was probably due to cell membrane damage related to viral infection which was exaggerated by the glucose-insulin infusion.
History of the Athens Canadian Random Bred and the Athens Random Bred control populations

The University of Georgia maintains two meat-type chicken control strains: the Athens Random Bred (ARB) and the Athens Canadian Random Bred (ACRB). The Athens Random Bred was developed from colored plumage commercial meat chicken strains in 1956. The ACRB is a replicate population of the Ottawa Meat Control strain which was developed in 1955 from white plumage commercial meat-type chickens. These genetic lines have been extremely valuable research resources and have been used extensively to provide comparative context to modern meat-type strains. The ACRB may be the oldest pedigreed control commercial meat-type chicken still in existence today. This paper reviews the history of the breed backgrounds for both control populations and reviews research utilizing the ACRB.
Probabilistic Sea-Level Rise Hazard Analysis

This paper proposes a framework termed Probabilistic Sea-Level Rise Hazard Analysis (PSLRHA), to integrate the sea-level rise knowledge of current climate change scientific communities for informed engineering and policy decisions that affect coastal infrastructure, populations, and ecosystems. PSLRHA combines probabilities of all emission scenarios with predictions of the resulting sea-level rise over time, in order to compute sea-level rise hazard. PSLRHA also incorporates uncertainties in those sea-level rise predictions, by considering multiple Sea-Level Rise Prediction Models (SLRPMs). The output of the PSLRHA framework could be a Global Sea-Level Rise Hazard Map (GSLRHM) that can be used for PerformanceBased Sea-Level Rise Engineering (PBSLRE).
A dominant-negative form of Serrate acts as a general antagonist of Notch activation

Specification of the dorsal-ventral compartment boundary in the developing Drosophila wing disc requires activation of NOTCH from its dorsal ligand SERRATE and its ventral ligand DELTA. Both NOTCH ligands are required in this process and one cannot be substituted for the other. In the wing disc, expression of a dominant-negative, truncated form of SERRATE called BD(G), is capable of inhibiting NOTCH activation in the ventral but not the dorsal compartments. We demonstrate that BD(G) can act as a general antagonist of both SERRATE and DELTA mediated NOTCH interactions, however, BD(G) retains the SERRATE protein domain targeted by FRINGE, hence its antagonistic effects are restricted in the dorsal wing disc. Our findings suggest a model in which ligand binding to NOTCH is a necessary but insufficient step toward NOTCH activation.
Structure and Estimation of Shipboard German Cockroach ( Blattella germanica ) Populations

The removal method of population estimation was applied to populations of Blattella germanica (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) aboard two ships. A preponderance of adult females was collected from both ships. A low frequency of females with oothecae indicated that many were senescent or were delaying reproduction. Instar determination was made by head capsule measurements. Female nymphs appeared to have six instars, whereas males had only five. Structure of the two ships' populations indicated that cockroaches were at near carrying capacity on the larger vessel, whereas the population on the smaller ship was less dense. Calculation of the removal method estimators for the two populations indicated that adult females are more resistant to capture than nymphs or adult males. Significant bias in estimation of population size resulted if this factor was not accounted for. Both precollection and residual population size was estimated with coefficients of variation of 3 to 13%.
Aggregation and Colloidal Stability of Commercially Available Al₂O₃ Nanoparticles in Aqueous Environments.

The aggregation and colloidal stability of three, commercially-available, gamma-aluminum oxide nanoparticles (γ-Al2O3 NPs) (nominally 5, 10, and 20–30 nm) were systematically examined as a function of pH, ionic strength, humic acid (HA) or clay minerals (e.g., montmorillonite) concentration using dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy techniques. NPs possess pH-dependent surface charges, with a point of zero charge (PZC) of pH 7.5 to 8. When pH PZC. Even when pH approximates PZC, NPs became stable at a HA concentration of 1 mg·L−1. The magnitude of interactions and dominant sites of interaction (basal planes versus edge sites) are significantly dependent on pH because both NPs and montmorillonite have pH-dependent (conditional) surface charges. Thus, solution pH, ionic strength, and the presence of natural colloids greatly modify the surface conditions of commercial γ-Al2O3 NPs, affecting aggregation and colloidal stability significantly in the aqueous environment.
The Application of Enhanced Spectrum-reprocessing to the Duration Estimation of the PN Sequence of DS/SS Signal

An enhanced spectrum reprocessing method is presented to estimate the duration of the pseudo noise (PN) sequence of direct spread spectrum sequence (DS/SS) signal. The new method is based on the spectrum reprocessing method. The local statistic analysis is used to enhance the special line of the spectrum-reprocessing of DS/SS signal. The presented method can compress noise with time stationary distribution. Practically, the new method can estimate the duration of the PN sequence of DS/SS signal precisely under the condition of very low signal to noise ratio without prior knowledge.