cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Internet marketing strategies for music companies: understanding the demographics of an emerging customer segment

The focus for this paper is how the music industry can market to the internet generation, specifically current college students. This paper addresses whether college students represent the emerging customer demographic that can bring about a disruption to the traditional music industry. This empirical study examines the demographic characteristics of college students compared to non-college students, what value propositions they regard, and why. Results indicate that college students are more likely to download from home, to download at traditional music stores, and to value convenience and speed, whereas, non-college students are more likely to frequent traditional music stores and to value full customer service. Implications are discussed.
Development of a specific immunological assay for tropoelastin and its application to tissue culture studies.

Abstract A specific antisera was developed against chick tropoelastin which was used as a quantitative measure of tropoelastin production in aortic tissue cultures by radial immunodiffusion. The antibody produced was shown to be phylum specific but not tissue specific.
Characterization of the nucleolus for a class of n‐person games

An inductive procedure is given for finding the nucleolus of an n-person game in which all coalitions with less than n-1 players are totally defeated. It is shown that, for such a game, one of three things may occur: (a) all players receive the same amount; (b) each player receives his quota, plus a certain constant (which may be positive, nerative, or zero); (c) the weakest player receives one half his quota, and the other players divide the remaining profit according to the nucleolus of a similar (n-1)-person game. It is also shown that the nucleolus of such a game yields directly the nucleolus of each derived game. An example is worked out in detail.
Did 'renalism' skew the results of a negative study?

Retrospective data analysis suggests that revascularization provides no benefit over medical treatment in patients with severe kidney disease who experience non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. But are these results the consequence of treatment bias and/or a failure to address poorly understood risk factors?
Alterations in Membrane Fatty Acid Unsaturation and Chain Length in Hypertension as Observed by 1H NMR Spectroscopy

Abstract Alterations in fatty acids of membrane phospholipids in essential hypertension may account for altered membrane ion transport, elasticity, and contractility properties of hypertensive tissues. To investigate the abnormalities in membrane fatty acids in essential hypertension, the degree of fatty acid unsaturation ([–CHCH–]/[–CH 3 ]), the average carbon chain length, ratio of glycerol to fatty acyl chains, ratio of phosphatidylcholine to fatty acyl chains, and the ratio of free and acylated cholesterol to fatty acyl chains in fatty acid fractions of membrane phospholipids of aorta, kidney, and heart were determined in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The degrees of fatty acid unsaturation in the aorta and the kidney membranes were significantly lower in SHR than in WKY rats (aorta, 0.53 ± 0.01 v 0.63 ± 0.01, n = 5, P = .01; kidney, 0.70 ± 0.01 v 0.84 ± 0.03, n = 10, P = .01). No significant difference could be detected in fatty acid unsaturation in heart membranes between these two strains. For aorta, kidney, and heart membranes, the average carbon chain lengths of fatty acid fractions of membrane phospholipids were significantly shorter for SHR than for WKY rats (aorta, 15.1 ± 0.2 v 18.3 ± 0.7, n = 5, P = .02; kidney, 14.5 ± 0.2 v 16.4 ± 0.4, n = 10, P = .01; heart, 17.3 ± 0.5 v 18.8 ± 0.6, n = 10, P = .05). The lower unsaturated fatty acid content in membrane phospholipids of the aorta and the kidney, with concomitant reduction in average chain length, may arise from increased oxidation of fatty acid double bonds in hypertensive tissues and may account, in part, for the increased aortic stiffness and abnormal kidney function associated with essential hypertension. Whether the lower unsaturated fatty acid content and decreased carbon chain length of phospholipid membranes in the aorta and the kidney are a cause or a consequence of the high blood pressure, however, remains unknown.
Increased duration of postinspiratory inspiratory activity during augmented breaths in cats.

Abstract The duration of diaphragm electrical activity in augmented breaths during early expiration (postinspiratory inspiratory activity, PIIA) was assessed in 12 pentobarbital-anesthetized cats. There were significant prolongations of expiratory time (P
Planar Chromatography In the Life Sciences.

Abstract The rapid technological advances in gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography often seem to overshadow the considerable endeavors being made in other areas of chromatography. Thus it is of more than passing interest when a new volume on planar chromatography appears (the thin layer of yesteryear‒remember?).
Mother's identification of their infant's odors

Abstract Human mothers can identify their infants by smell alone at 6 hours post partum after a single exposure to their babies. This ability persists to 48 hours post partum with no improvement with additional experience. Fathers were not able to make the same discrimination.
Border row effect on corn grain response to sidedressed nitrogen fertilizer

Abstract Nitrogen (N) fertilizer recommendations for corn (Zea mays L.) are normally developed from field experiments that determine yield response to applied N. The objective of this study was to examine the severity of border row competition with the harvest rows for sidedressed N in field experiments measuring grain yield. This study was conducted in 1993 and 1994 on a Sharpsburg silty clay loam (fine, montmorillonitic, mixed, mesic argiudoll). Ammonium nitrate was broadcast to the center two rows of a four row plot, all four rows of a four row plot and all six rows of a six row plot. Results showed that grain yield from four and six row plots were similar and indicated that while grain yields were much less in 1993 than 1994 (7.36 versus 12.06 Mg ha‐1, respectively), corn yield response to N was similar regardless of the number of rows fertilized. Thus, there is little reason for plots larger than four rows. The results also lend credibility to sidedressing only harvest rows for soil test calibration ...
Plasticity of hippocampal stem/progenitor cells to enhance neurogenesis in response to kainate-induced injury is lost by middle age

A remarkable up-regulation of neurogenesis through increased proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs) is a well-known plasticity displayed by the young dentate gyrus (DG) following brain injury. To ascertain whether this plasticity is preserved during aging, we quantified DG neurogenesis in the young adult, middle-aged and aged F344 rats after kainic acid induced hippocampal injury. Measurement of new cells that are added to the dentate granule cell layer (GCL) between post-injury days 4 and 15 using 5'-bromodeoxyuridine labeling revealed an increased addition of new cells in the young DG but not in the middle-aged and aged DG. Quantification of newly born neurons using doublecortin immunostaining also demonstrated a similar trend. Furthermore, the extent of ectopic migration of new neurons into the dentate hilus was dramatically increased in the young DG but was unaltered in the middle-aged and aged DG. However, there was no change in neuronal fate-choice decision of newly born cells following injury in all age groups. Similarly, comparable fractions of new cells that are added to the GCL after injury exhibited 5-month survival and expressed the mature neuronal marker NeuN, regardless of age or injury at the time of their birth. Thus, hippocampal injury does not adequately stimulate NSCs in the middle-aged and aged DG, resulting in no changes in neurogenesis after injury. Interestingly, rates of both neuronal fate-choice decision and long-term survival of newly born cells remain stable with injury in all age groups. These results underscore that the ability of the DG to increase neurogenesis after injury is lost as early as middle age.
Chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Allogeneic marrow transplantation is an increasingly utilized treatment for life-threatening hematologic disorders. As results improve, the number of transplant centers has expanded to more than 200 institutions [1,2]. Utilization will continue to increase as the number of available marrow donors increases through selection of suitable HLA-nonidentical family or unrelated marrow donors [3–5].
Functional Family Therapy: A Life Cycle Perspective.

Abstract The functional family therapy model assesses family behavior from a two-pronged perspective of interactional process and functional payoffs for the individual family members. This paper will attempt to show that functional needs change as a result of development, and that by including a family life cycle perspective in the assessment process, clinicians will get a clearer picture of the family and be better able to tailor interventions to fit their changing needs.
Assertive Behavior and Cognitive Performance in Preschool Children

Summary Assertive behaviors, as measured by teachers, observers, and an experimental task, were related to each other and to Stanford-Binet intelligence scores. All measures of assertion were correlated with each other and with total IQ. Subsequent item analysis of the Binet showed that the more assertive children did better on certain items: comprehension, verbal, and discrimination. These results are discussed as are possible reasons for non-responsiveness of 20% of the sample and the implications of this for future research.
Severe pediatric ocular injury due to explosion of a firecracker inside a soda bottle

This case report describes a penetrating ocular injury, followed by endophthalmitis, in a four-year-old girl, resulting from explosion of a small K0201 match-cracker inside a soda bottle. The patient presented with two corneal lacerations, ruptured crystalline lens, multiple intraocular foreign bodies, and hyphema of the right eye, for which immediate surgical exploration and repair was performed. The patient developed aggressive endophthalmitis that led to atrophy of the eye within a few weeks. Severe ocular injuries can result from small, relatively "safe" firecrackers. Therefore, this type of firework should not be used, especially by minors.
Determination of subtalar joint axis location by restriction of talocrural joint motion

The location of the subtalar joint axis is an important determinant of the mechanical function of the foot. The moments of muscle forces and of the ground reaction force about the subtalar joint are dependent upon the location of this joint axis. There is substantial variation in subtalar axis location across subjects, but current methods for determining its location are often invasive or involve expensive imaging protocols. A novel technique for location of the subtalar axis is presented in which the talocrural joint is passively immobilized so that motion of the tibia relative to the calcaneus can be used to estimate the subtalar axis. This paper presents results of cadaver testing in which accuracy of the technique was assessed by comparing helical axes computed from calcaneus-tibia bone motions to axes computed from calcaneus-talus bone motions. Only small motions at the talocrural joint were observed, and good estimates of the subtalar axis (errors less than 15° and 2 mm) were achieved in four of six specimens.
The relationship between beliefs about men's and women's roles in society and views on male sexual dysfunction in 135 women.

This paper describes, for a sample of 135 women, the relationships between beliefs about men's and women's roles in society and attitudes toward a partner's sexual dysfunction. Beliefs about men's and women's gender roles were gauged by scores on the BAERS (Beliefs About Equal Rights Scale), a series of 28 true/false questions. Beliefs about male and female roles in society, as measured by the BAERS, were associated with activity in women's rights groups, with self-identification as a feminist, with perceptions of the etiology of male sexual dysfunction, attitudes toward sex therapy, behavioral and emotional responses to male dysfunction, and levels of experience with dysfunction. Alternate explanations of findings and their implications for future research are considered.
17.1: A new model for the mechanism of operation of scandate and refractory oxide cathodes

The experimental evidence that lead to a new model for the scandate cathode is discussed followed by a description of the model itself. In the full paper the equations governing this model will be derived and used to provide quantitative estimates for the semiconductor and surface properties of a top layer scandate cathode using experimental data and the lattice parameters of scandia. The model is applicable to other metal oxides.
“So You Can See How the Other Half Lives” MTV “Cribs”' Use of “the Other” in Framing Successful Athletic Masculinities

MTV's popular television series “Cribs” displays the homes of famous athletes and entertainers. “Cribs” presents these male athletes and their households as exemplars of “making it.” This article examines the representation of male athletes and how various types of “successful” masculinity are conflated with race and class. We found two dominant models of successful masculinity, James Bond and Cool Pose. “Cribs” clearly demarcates between Black and White athletes, which essentializes race. Simultaneously, “Cribs” presents race as performative styles providing the audience with opportunities to consume “the other.” We argue that this paradoxical dynamic is utilized to sell the cool lifestyle and has multiple implications, including depoliticizing race, class, and gender.
Primary brain tumors treated with steroids and radiotherapy: Low CD4 counts and risk of infection

Purpose: Patients with primary brain tumors are often treated with high doses of corticosteroids for prolonged periods to reduce intracranial swelling and alleviate symptoms such as headaches. This treatment may lead to immunosuppression, placing the patient at risk of life-threatening opportunistic infections, such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The risk of contracting some types of infection may be reduced with prophylactic antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of low CD4 counts and whether monitoring CD4 counts during and after radiotherapy (RT) is warranted. Methods and Materials: CD4 counts were measured during RT in 70 of 76 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed Grade III and IV astrocytoma and anaplastic oligodendroglioma treated with corticosteroids and seen at the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Weekly CD4 measurements were taken in the most recent 25 patients. Prophylactic trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (160 mg/800 mg p.o. every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) or dapsone (100 mg p.o. daily) in those with sulfa allergy was prescribed only if patients developed a low CD4 count. Carmustine chemotherapy wafers were placed at surgery in 23% of patients, evenly distributed between the groups. No patient received any other chemotherapy concurrent with RT. Results: CD4 counts decreased to 3 in 17 (24%) of 70 patients. For the 25 patients with weekly CD4 counts, all CD4 counts were >450/mm 3 before RT, but 6 (24%) of 25 fell to 3 during RT. Patients with counts 3 were significantly more likely to be hospitalized (41% vs. 9%, p p Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. No patients developed a serious adverse reaction to antibiotic therapy. The mean dose of steroids, mean minimal white blood cell count, and number of patients treated with Gliadel wafers were not significantly different between the groups. Conclusion: The results of this study have confirmed the clinical impression that the use of high-dose corticosteroids and RT in patients with primary brain cancer is sufficient to result in severe immunosuppression and place these patients at risk of life-threatening opportunistic infections. A protocol of prophylactic antibiotics for those at risk may help prevent a potentially fatal side effect of treatment. A prospective study is underway to determine the frequency, depth, and prognostic implications of this finding.
A new route to dual fluorescence: Spectroscopic properties of the valence tautomers of a 3-(2H)-isoquinolinone derivative

Abstract The isoquinolinone derivative 2-methyl-1,4-diphenylbenzo[g]isoquinolin-3(2 H )-one (MDP-BIQ) shows dual fluorescence emission with band positions and intensities that depend sensitively on the solvent. We show that this behavior arises from the fact that MDP-BIQ has two valence tautomers, one aromatic and one conjugated but non-aromatic, each of which are separately fluorescent. The aromatic tautomer, which has significant zwitterionic character, is stabilized by trace amounts of hydrogen-bond donors or Lewis acids. The relatively high fluorescence quantum yield of the aromatic tautomer (0.127 versus 2.4 × 10 −3 for the non-aromatic tautomer) makes this and similar molecules outstanding candidates for use in sensors and other optoelectronic applications.
Outcomes and perception of lung surgery with implementation of a patient video education module: a prospective cohort study.

Background Although surgeons are constantly making efforts to improve efficiency of care, it is important to also optimize the patients' understanding and satisfaction with their surgical experience. We investigated the effect of a preoperative educational video on patient outcomes and perception of surgery. Study Design An educational video was developed outlining preoperative, operative, and postoperative expectations for patients undergoing pulmonary resection. A prospective study was conducted with 150 patients undergoing surgery with routine preoperative discussion (control group, January 2008 to June 2009) and 150 patients who were provided a supplemental video module (video or study group, September 2009 to October 2010) in addition to routine discussion. Demographics and outcomes data were recorded. Patients completed a pain survey (McGill Questionnaire) and a standardized patient satisfaction survey at discharge and within 1 month of operation. Results The groups were similar in sex, age, comorbidities, and forced expiratory volume, 1 second, % predicted. Length of hospital stay (5.19 ± 7.4 days vs 4.31 ± 4.3 days; p=0.2) and hospital readmission rates (12 of 134 [9%] vs 5 of 103 [4.9%]; p=0.3) were similar for the 2 groups. At discharge, patients in the study group reported less pain at rest (0.98 ± 0.09) vs controls (1.39 ± 0.11) (p = 0.01) with no difference in pain with lifting or coughing. Patients in the study group reported better overall satisfaction with their operation (2.14 ± 0.07 vs 1.85 ± 0.07; p=0.02), believed they were better prepared (2.01 ± 0.07 vs 1.70 ± 0.06; p=0.006), and reported less anxiety about the surgical experience (2.79 ± 0.10 vs 2.24 ± 0.09; p=0.0001). Conclusions Implementation of a pulmonary resection education module improves patient preparedness, relieves anxiety, and improves pain perception. Additional development and dissemination of a comprehensive education program can improve patients' experience with lung surgery and impact outcomes.
Proton Radiation Testing of Laser Optical Components for NASA Jupiter Europa Orbiter Mission

The Jupiter Europa Orbiter (JEO) is NASA's element of the joint Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). Based on current trajectories, the spacecraft will spend a significant amount of time in the Jovian radiation belts. Therefore, research endeavors are underway to study the radiation effects on the various parts and components needed to implement the instruments. Data from these studies will be used for component selection and system design to ensure reliable operation throughout the mission duration. The radiation environment en route to Jupiter is nothing new for NASA designed systems, however, the long durations orbiting Jupiter and Europa present new challenges for radiation exposure. High-energy trapped electrons and protons at Jupiter dominate the expected radiation environment. Therefore, most of the initial component level radiation testing is being conducted with proton exposure. In this paper we will present in-situ monitoring of the optical transmission of various laser optical components during proton irradiation. Radiation induced optical attenuation of some components is less than would be expected, based on the authors experiences, and is attributed to the interaction of the protons with the materials. The results are an encouraging first step in screening these optical materials for spaceflight in a high radiation environment.
Procedural Entrepreneurship: Enacting Alternative Channels to Administrative Effectiveness

What do administrators do when established procedures get in the way of getting work done? They change the procedures. Because procedures, however, may have been originally installed to impose cont...
An adaptive control scheme for load-frequency control of multiarea power systems Part I. Identification and functional design

Abstract An adaptive hierarchical control scheme for the load-frequency control (LFC) of a multiarea power system is presented. The strategy decomposes a given control problem into multilevel-multilayer hierarchical subproblems, and uses the minimum variance stochastic model to represent each subproblem. The key control parameters are monitored on a real-time basis and are used to compute the local control signals adaptively. The actual subsystem control signal at each level is obtained as the algebraic sum of its local and global control signals. The control strategy can handle unpredictable load changes of random magnitude and duration. The technique presented in this paper provides for real-time parallel processing that can use only locally available measurements for each entity controller. A companion paper (A. Rubaai and V. Udo, Electr. Power Syst. Res., 24 (1992) 189–197) discusses and illustrates the practical implementation of the proposed control strategy.
Effects of acute ethanol or amphetamine administration on the acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in adolescent and adult rats

Rationale Adolescents differ from adults in their sensitivity to a variety of psychoactive drugs. For example, adolescent rats are less sensitive to locomotor stimulant and stereotypic effects of amphetamine as well as to motor-impairing and hypnotic effects of ethanol while more sensitive to ethanol-induced disruption of brain plasticity.
The Percus-Yevick-II equations for a binary mixture of fluids

Abstract We present the Percus-Yevick-II integral equations for the pair correlation functions for a binary mixture of fluids. We also obtain certain simplified approximate forms of these equations by use of the superposition approximation.
Effect of 15(R),15-methyl prostaglandin E2 and indomethacin on pancreatic secretion in man.

In addition to gastric mucosal cytoprotective and antisecretory effects, prostaglandin E2 has a beneficial effect on experimental pancreatitis in some animal models, while prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors such as indomethacin and salicylates may induce pancreatitis at maximal doses. However, their effect on human pancreas is unclear. For this reason we considered it necessary to delineate their actions on human pancreatic secretion. Six healthy volunteers were studied on six separate days. On day 1, against a background of 1 pmol/kg/hr secretin, increasing doses of CCK were infused intravenously. On day 2, increasing doses of an amino acid mixture were infused intraduodenally and both studies were repeated on two occasions, following 100 μg 15(R), 15-methyl prostaglandin E2per os on one and following indomethacin 50 mg orally 12 and 1 hr prior to the study on the other. Both indomethacin and PGE2 had no significant effect on pancreatic secretion in response to graded doses of CCK. 15(R), 15-Methyl prostaglandin E2 and indomethacin caused a reduction of amylase output in response to the higher doses of intraduodenal amino acids. The prostaglandin E2 derivative also elicited a significant increase in basal bicarbonate output. In conclusion: the acute effects of 15(R), 15-methyl prostaglandin E2 and indomethacin on human pancreatic secretion do not seem to offer an explanation for the mechanisms of protection against experimental acute pancreatitis or an association with pancreatitis, respectively.
Regulation of dikaryon-expressed genes by FRT1 in the basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune.

Abstract The geneFRT1has previously been shown to induce homokaryotic fruiting in transformation recipients of the basidiomyceteSchizophyllum commune.In this paper, we demonstrate by gene disruption experiments thatFRT1is dispensable for dikaryotic fruiting. Nonfruiting homokaryoticFRT1disruptant strains exhibited enhanced aerial growth of mycelia compared to wild type. Introduction of a functionalFRT1allele into the disruptant restored the wild-type colony morphology. Transcript abundance of the dikaryon-expressedSC1andSC4hydrophobin genes and theSC7gene were greatly elevated in homokaryoticFRT1disruptant strains. Growth of the disruptant strains under continuous light was found to inhibit the elevation ofSC1andSC4transcript levels, but not ofSC7mRNA. These data suggest that the role ofFRT1in vegetatively growing homokaryons is to act as a negative regulator of dikaryon-expressed genes.
μ- and δ-opioid receptor binding peaks and κ-homogeneity in the molecular layers of rat hippocampal formation

The sublaminar binding profiles of (D-Ala-NMe-Phe-Gly-ol)-enkephalin (DAGO), (2-D-penicillamine), 5-D-penicillamine)-enkephalin (DPDPE), and dynorphin A(1-8) (DYN) were studied in the CA1 subfield and dentate gyrus of rat hippocampal formation. Binding was assayed on cryomicrotome sections using coverslip autoradiographic and single grain counting techniques. DAGO, an agonist for mu-sites, had peak binding in the stratum pyramidale with a secondary peak in the distal part of the stratum radiatum. Binding of DAGO in the dentate gyrus was homogeneous. DPDPE, a delta-site agonist, also had peak binding in the stratum pyramidale, but there was no secondary peak in the molecular layer of the hippocampus. In the dentate gyrus, DPDPE binding was highest in the inner one-third of the molecular layer immediately adjacent to the granular cell layer. The endogenous opioid DYN had a laminar binding profile that mimicked that of DAGO. However, when tritiated DYN was coincubated with unlabeled DAGO and DPDPE, as much as 90% of DYN binding was blocked and remaining binding was homogenous though a small peak remained in the stratum pyramidale. The secondary peak of DAGO binding in the stratum radiatum corresponds to an area previously determined to contain processes immunoreactive for enkephalin and gamma aminobutyric acid. This correspondence suggests that opioid compounds may mediate disinhibition of the distal dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons. In addition, DYN binding patterns indicate that its action in rat hippocampus is likely by both mu- and delta-receptors.
Implementing Effective Hypertension Quality Improvement Strategies : Barriers and Potential Solutions

Many quality improvement strategies have focused on improving blood pressure control, and these strategies can target the patient, the provider, and/or the system. Strategies that seem to have the biggest effect on blood pressure outcomes are team change, patient education, facilitated relay of clinical information, and promotion of self-management. Barriers to effective blood pressure control can affect the patient, the physician, the system, and/or "cues to action."We review the barriers to achieving blood pressure control and describe current and potential creative strategies for optimizing blood pressure control. These include home-based disease management, combined patient and provider education, and automatic decision support systems. Future research must address which components of quality improvement interventions are most successful in achieving blood pressure control.
Heart Rate Variability Anatomy and Physiology

Heart rate variability (HRV) is generated by the interaction of multiple regulatory mechanisms that operate on different time scales. This article examines the regulation of the heart, the meaning of HRV, Thayer and Lane's neurovisceral integration model, the sources of HRV, HRV frequency and time domain measurements, Porges's polyvagal theory, and resonance frequency breathing. The medical implications of HRV biofeedback for cardiovascular rehabilitation and inflammatory disorders are considered.
Mothering style and methylation

Frequent licking and grooming by rat mothers increases the number of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors in their pups, leading to tighter regulation of stress hormone levels. A study in this issue shows that this treatment alters DNA methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene and acetylation of histones early in life, providing a mechanism for these permanent changes in stress responses.
ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS OF BISMUTH, LEAD, THALLIUM, AND MERCURY FROM MINI r‐PROCESSING

The yields of stable isotopes of Bi, Pb, Tl and Hg as well as yields of Pb-205 are calculated with a parametrized model for 'mini r-processing' in the Ne, O, C-rich zones of explosive burning in massive stars. The Pb isotopic compositions stand out by their comparatively low Pb-207 yields and by the fact that this r-process variant yields Pb-204 quite abundantly. The average Pb-205/Pb-204 yield ratio of 6.1 is the same order of magnitude as yield ratios deduced for s-processing. The Hg from this mini r-process looks like normal solar-system mercury, but with Hg-196 missing and the light s-isotopes A = 198, 199, 200 and 201 depleted (especially the odd-A species).
Treatment of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism with low molecular weight heparin in the geriatric patient population

Low-molecular-weight heparins have provided a new approach to treating DVT-PE. These anticoagulants have better bioavailability, a longer half-life, and a more predictable antithrombotic effect than UFH. In the studies reviewed, LMWHs were shown to be safe and effective in preventing recurrent thrombotic events when compared with the more precise UFH dosing schedules. There has been no evidence of an increased incidence of major bleeding or recurrent thromboembolic events based on age in these trials. With these findings LMWHs given subcutaneously, without laboratory monitoring, in a dose determined by actual body weight allows clinicians involved in the care of the elderly to manage these patients with DVT with or without PE in the nursing home setting, skilled nursing care facilities, rehabilitation units, acute care hospital setting, or as described in this article at home. These patients can continue their physical therapy programs because intravenous infusion lines and the necessity to be maintained at bedrest do not encumber them.
Further studies of myometrial bradykinin receptor-like binding

Abstract [ 125 I-Tyr 1 ] Kallidin (T1K), a bradykinin (BK) analog with biological potency comparable to BK, was used as a probe for BK receptor-like binding from bovine uterine myometrium. BK binding exhibited a high affinity, K dissoc = 1.65 × 10 −10 M. The specificity of T1K binding was examined with forty-four BK analogs. Comparison of the binding inhibitory potencies with the relative biological potencies of these analogs on isolated rat uterus resulted in a good correlation, r = 0.87. BK binding activity was solubilized with CHAPS, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate, a zwitterionic detergent. The solubilized binding activity exhibited a BK binding affinity, K dissoc = 2.25 × 10 −10 M, and a specificity for three 125 I-labeled kinins similar to those of the particulate BK receptor-like binding activity.
Delayed appearance of a circulating myocardial depressant factor in burn patients

Fourteen burn patients and four normal controls were studied for the plasma activity of a myocardial depressant factor (MDF). The mean age of the burn patients was 40.4 years and the burn area was 61.9% of body surface. MDF activities were 28 ± 3 units in the burn patients on day 1 and 56 ± 4 units on days 4 and 5. This compares with 23 ± 3 units for the control patients. Despite maintenance of high cardiac output by fluid therapy, only three of the 14 patients (21%) survived. Our data show the presence in burn patients of MDF, which may contribute to high mortality rates in these patients.
Mineralogical characterization of a lignite gasification ash from a low-BTU fixed-bed gasifier I. X-ray phase analysis

Abstract A lignite coal ash produced in a low-Btu atmospheric pressure gasifier has been studied by X-ray diffraction. The ash was dominantly crystalline and consisted of CaOMgONa 2 O-silicates (melilite, merwinite, Ca 2 SiO 4 -bredigite, nepheline/carnegieite), oxides (ferrite spinel, quartz, periclase, hematite), phases formed by reaction with water or precipitation from solutions used in ash handling (calcite, portlandite, brucite, thenardite, ettringite, gypsum, goethite) and several additional trace phases (plagioclase, pyroxene, cristobalite, serpentine and talc).
Load-rate dependency of ultimate tensile strength in ceramic matrix composites at elevated temperatures

Abstract Ultimate tensile strength of three continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites, including SiCf/CAS-II (1D), SiCf/MAS-5 (2D) and SiCf/SiC (2D), was determined as a function of load (test) rate in air at 1100–1200 °C. All three composites exhibited a significant dependency of ultimate tensile strength on test rate. The application of the preload technique as well as the prediction of life from one loading configuration (constant stress-rate) to another (constant stress) suggested that the overall phenomenological macroscopic failure mechanism of the composites would be a power-law type of slow crack growth or damage evolution/accumulation. It was further found that constant stress-rate testing could be used as an alternative to life prediction test methodology for ceramic matrix composites, at least for a short range of lifetimes and when ultimate tensile strength is used as a failure criterion.
Radio Tracking of Homing Bats

Neotropical bats, Phyllostomas hastatus, were released 10 kilometers from their home roost, and their homeward flights were tracked by radio. Flights of bats with unimpeded vision were strongly oriented in the homeward direction, while the flights of blindfolded bats did not show this marked orientation.
Facilitative Effects of Labeling on Preschool Children's Copying of Simple Geometric Forms:

A total of 150 children between 2.5 and 5 yr. of age were tested on one of three conditions (one experimental and two control) of a copying task adapted from the 1982 Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration of Beery. In the experimental condition, the geometric forms were labeled with the names of familiar objects. Analysis of scores indicated that introduction of verbal labels on the copying task facilitated preschool children's ability to reproduce geometric forms. The effect was consistent across the ages tested but was limited in that facilitation was observed only for those forms just beyond the child's demonstrated level of mastery. These results suggested that the verbal labels evoked a representational context which provided children with additional information necessary for accurate reproduction of the forms. Two alternative interpretations of this finding are discussed.
Composition and structural features of cell wall polysaccharides from tomato fruits

Cell wall material was isolated from the pericarp of unripe and ripe tomatoes, free from intracellular compounds and active wall degrading enzymes. The wall preparations were sequentially extracted with cyclohexane- trans-1,2-diaminetetra-acetate (CDTA) at 20", 0.05 M Na,CO, at lo, 0.05 M Na,CO, at 20", and 0.5, 1 and 4 M KOH at 20" to leave the cc-cellulose residue, which contained a significant amount of pectic material. The polysaccharides isolated from the extracts were fractionated by anion-exchange chromatography and selected fractions were subjected to methylation analysis. The CDTA-soluble pectic polysaccharides had slightly-branched rhamnogalacturonan back-bones compared with the sodium carbonate-soluble pectic polysaccharides. The side chains of the pectic polysaccharides were mainly composed of j-( 1+4)-linked galactopyranosyl and c+( 1+5)-linked arabinofuranosyl residues, and the evidence for this was obtained by both methylation analysis and "CNMR spectroscopy. The major hemicelhtlosic polysaccharide was a xyloglucomannan and there was evidence for the occurrence of a small amount of a xylan-pectic complex. The ripe fruit contained much less pectic galactans compared with the unripe fruit, and there was a significant decrease in the content of galactan side-chains of the ripe fruit. The hemicelluloses of the unripe and ripe fruit, however, showed negligible difference in composition.
Isolation and characterization of a CH2 domain fragment of human IgG.

Abstract A fragment corresponding to the C H 2 domain of IgG was isolated and chemically characterized. This C H 2 domain fragment was isolated by gel filtration of the reduced and alkylated IgG fragment which was obtained by the high-temperature peptic digestion of myeloma IgG. An amino-terminal amino acid sequence study revealed that the amino acid sequence of the C H 2 domain fragment corresponds to that of a γ-chain segment which begins with isoleucine 253. The mol. wt of the fragment was estimated by gel filtration in the presence of 6 M guanidine-HCl to be 8800.
Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction: justification for a more definitive repair in the neonate?

In the current issue of EJCTS, Aszyk et al. present their excellent experience with the Konno-Ross operation in 16 infants, primarily having complex left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) [1]. Five patients were below 1 month of age. There was no operative mortality, although some early morbidity was noted. Importantly, the authors documented an extremely gratifying outcome at a median follow-up of 6.2 years, especially for infants with no structural abnormality of the mitral valve. Aortic regurgitation was absent or trivial in all cases, with complete and sustained resolution of LVOTO, as well as preservation of ventricular function. This outcome is concordant with my personal Konno-Ross operation experience in neonates and infants operated over the past 15 years in the USA and Australia. My impression is that the experience (published and unpublished) of other groups would largely support the data presented herein [2–7]. There are a few comments and observations that I would like to offer regarding the Konno-Ross operation in infancy:
Feedback Circuits Monitor and Adjust Basal Lck-Dependent Events in T Cell Receptor Signaling

The Src family kinase Lck is crucial for the initiation of TCR signaling. The activity of Lck is tightly controlled to prevent erroneous immune activation, yet it enables rapid cellular responses over a range of sensitivities to antigens. Here, in experiments with an analog-sensitive variant of the tyrosine kinase Csk, we report that Lck in T cells is dynamically controlled by an equilibrium between Csk and the tyrosine phosphatase CD45. By rapidly inhibiting Csk, we showed that changes in this equilibrium were sufficient to activate canonical TCR signaling pathways independently of ligand binding to the TCR. The activated signaling pathways showed sustained and enhanced phosphorylation compared to that in TCR-stimulated cells, revealing a feedback circuit that was sensitive to the basal signaling machinery. We identified the inhibitory adaptor molecule Dok-1 (downstream of kinase 1) as a candidate that may respond to alterations in basal signaling activity. Our results also suggest a role for Csk in the termination or dampening of TCR signals.
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG THE GEOSITTA MINERS (FURNARIIDAE) AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC IMPLICATIONS FOR AVIAN SPECIATION IN FUEGO-PATAGONIA

Abstract Pleistocene glacial cycles have often been hypothesized to provide vicariant mechanisms leading to allopatric speciation in a wide range of southern South American (Fuegian and Patagonian) avian taxa. Few of those biogeographic hypotheses, however, have been rigorously tested using phylogenetic analysis. We examined sequence variation in three mitochondrial gene fragments (cytochrome b, ND2, and ND3) to construct a molecular phylogeny for the South American genus Geositta (Furnariidae) and to test the interrelated hypotheses that Geositta cunicularia and G. antarctica are sister species that originated from a common ancestor while isolated in glacial refugia during Pleistocene glacial events in Fuego-Patagonia. Sequence data were obtained for all 10 currently recognized species of Geositta as well as Geobates poecilopterus and two outgroup taxa (Upucerthia ruficauda and Aphrastura spinicauda). We found levels of sequence divergence among Geositta species to be high, ranging from 7.4% to 16.3%. Ou...
Recognizing and Managing Complications in Blepharoplasty

The goal of this article is to enhance the surgical precision and accuracy of surgeons performing upper and lower eyelid blepharoplasty. The most common blepharoplasty complications are described and how to avoid them is discussed in detail. Complications range from mild to severe and for each, preoperative measures to prevent, perioperative measures to avoid, and postoperative measures to minimize complications are detailed. After reading this article the surgeon should have a greater understanding of blepharoplasty complications and how to best manage and avoid them.
The natural background levels of 50/60 Hz radio noise

Measurements of the natural background levels of 50- and 60-Hz radio noise by ELF/VLF (extremely low frequency/very low frequency) radiometers located at various sites around the world are reported. The measurements are made on the magnetic fields of the noise using loop antennas, and they cover the first three harmonics of the power line frequencies (frequencies in the range 50-180 Hz). Due to the likelihood of contamination from local electrical power systems, or even from nonlocal systems, the measurements at each power line frequency were made at adjacent frequencies and the desired noise amplitudes obtained by interpolation. It is shown that the magnetic spectral densities of the natural noise typically lie in the range 20-600 fT/ square root Hz or, taking the 50/60-Hz frequencies specifically, in the range 150-600 fT/ square root Hz. These ranges should be typical for most locations on the Earth's surface and for most seasons. >
Regulation of protochlorophyll(ide) levels in dark-grown non-dividing Euglena. I: Control by light

— Dark-grown cells of Euglena gracilis var. bacillaris contain low levels of protochlorophyll(ide) [Pchl(ide)] which absorbs at 635 nm in vivo. When growing cells are placed on a resting medium, cell division ceases after 3 days and the levels of total extractable and phototransformable Pchl(ide) decrease, reaching a new plateau at one-half the original concentration by 7 days of resting. Phototransformable Pchl(ide) can be induced to regenerate to the original levels found in dark-grown cells by treatment with light. The optimum conditions are 40 min of white light (0.2–0.3 W/m2) followed by 1 h of darkness. Although reciprocity between fluence rate and duration of illumination was not observed in this system, it was possible to determine the effectiveness of various spectral regions for the regeneration of phototransformable Pchl(ide) as a function of fluence rate. Blue light (400–510 nm) was most effective followed closely by green (490–590 nm); red light (610–720 nm) was relatively ineffective. The results suggest that phototransformable Pchl(ide) is regulated to achieve the levels ordinarily found in dark-grown cells and that the blue photoreceptor system, rather than Pchl(ide) itself, is probably the light receptor for Pchl(ide) regeneration.
Bias Adjustment of Satellite Precipitation Estimation Using Ground-Based Measurement: A Case Study Evaluation over the Southwestern United States

Abstract Reliable precipitation measurement is a crucial component in hydrologic studies. Although satellite-based observation is able to provide spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation, the measurements tend to show systematic bias. This paper introduces a grid-based precipitation merging procedure in which satellite estimates from the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks–Cloud Classification System (PERSIANN–CCS) are adjusted based on the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) daily rain gauge analysis. To remove the bias, the hourly CCS estimates were spatially and temporally accumulated to the daily 1° × 1° scale, the resolution of CPC rain gauge analysis. The daily CCS bias was then downscaled to the hourly temporal scale to correct hourly CCS estimates. The bias corrected CCS estimates are called the adjusted CCS (CCSA) product. With the adjustment from the gauge measurement, CCSA data have been generated to provide more reliable high tempora...
Abstract P5-05-13: Obesity confers chemotherapy resistance in triple negative breast cancer cells

Introduction: Obesity is associated with a more aggressive breast cancer and a worse outcome following chemotherapy treatment. Triple negative breast cancer is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer characterized by the absence of estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2) receptors. This subtype has also been correlated with a worse prognosis. This study aims to investigate the impact of obesity on triple negative breast cancer cells’ response to chemotherapy treatment and elucidate potential therapeutic options to improve response. Methods: Sera was collected from breast cancer patients at the Cancer Therapy and Research Center at The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA) and pooled according to body mass index (BMI) category (Control:18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2; Obese:≥30 kg/m2). MDA-MB-231 cells, a triple negative breast cancer cell line, were grown in serum-free media supplemented with 2% obese or control patient sera to create an in vitro model of obesity. The effects of docetaxel, a chemotherapeutic agent, on cell viability in the presence of obese versus control sera were examined by MTT. Modulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were evaluated as possible mechanisms for obesity-induced chemotherapy resistance. Results: The obese sera significantly reduced sensitivity of the MDA-MB-231 cells to docetaxel. In fact, there was no variance in the viability level of cells grown in obese patient sera for 96 hours with and without docetaxel treatment. The mechanism for resistance does not appear to involve Bcl-2 or COX-2, previously implicated in docetaxel resistance. Intriguingly, suppression of mTOR did provide significant benefit, in agreement with our previous in vivo studies investigating obesity and aromatase inhibitor (AI) response. The role of the mTOR pathway in modulating therapeutic response is still being investigated. Conclusion: Exposure to obesity-associated circulating factors confers chemotherapy resistance in triple negative breast cancer cells. Further research will be conducted to determine the mechanism by which obesity promotes chemotherapy resistance and whether modulation of the mTOR pathway will provide significant benefit. Citation Format: Victoria R Lehrmann, Laura W Bowers, Andrew J Brenner, Linda A deGraffenried. Obesity confers chemotherapy resistance in triple negative breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-05-13.