cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Motor programming is not the only process which can influence RT: some thoughts on the Marteniuk and MacKenzie analysis.

The current status of research on the memory drum theory is evaluated with emphasis on the issues raised by Marteniuk and MacKenzie (1981). A general theme emerging from this review is that response programming is not the only process which can influence RT and that distinguishing programming from non-programming effects clarifies rather than “clouds„ the issues.
Skeletal muscle fiber size and capillarity.

SummaryThe ATPase technique following preincubation in an acid medium (pH 3.8–4.0) was used to visualize capillaries. After preincubation at a pH of 4.5, in combination with the DPNH tetrazolium reductase, it was used to identify fiber types. A positive correlation has been demonstrated between fiber cross sectional area and C:F, indicating that large fibers are surrounded by more capillaries. The increase in fiber size may or may not be associated with changes in capillary density.
Renal Transplant Obstruction by B Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder: Case Report and Review of the Literature

AbstractWe report a case of renal transplant ureteral obstruction caused by a cyclosporine-associated B cell lymphoproliferative disorder. The interaction of cyclosporine with Epstein-Barr virus infections and the predisposition towards B cell lymphoproliferative disorders are reviewed. The characterization of these tumors by deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization studies and a review of the clinical experience treating these disorders also are presented.
Modeling and stability analysis in multi-converter systems including positive feedforward control

A positive feedforward control technique is proposed to improve phase margin in multi-converter applications without physical hardware modification and with little reduction of system bandwidth. The positive feedforward control is realized by combining it with the conventional negative feedback control. The positive feedforward controller acts like an active filter presenting an impedance with positive real part at high frequencies while at low frequencies the negative feedback controller provides tight output voltage control. To provide controller design criteria, small-signal models by g-parameter representation are presented. Stability of the whole system with interactions between subsystems is analyzed based on the impedance criterion. As an illustrative example, the stability improvement by the positive feedforward control of a buck converter with an input filter is demonstrated by simulation in frequency domain. Experimental results including a constant power load connected in parallel to the input filter are also presented.
Independence: The Tangled Roots of the American Revolution. By Thomas P. Slaughter. (New York, NY: Hill & Wang, 2014. Pp. xix, 487. $35.00.)

Invoking the question of how the concept of independence became an idea that launched the first successful revolution of a colonial people, the author of this new book traces the origins of the reb...
Using process mapping to understand engineering students' conceptions of innovation processes

This work in progress continues an ongoing project to understand and document engineering students' innovation identities. Prior studies have reported on how students separate their engineering and creative identities, on demographic differences in students' ideation processes, and on students' description of barriers that prevent them from practicing engineering more innovatively. Using process maps drawn by 32 undergraduate engineering students, we perform an inductive qualitative analysis of students' innovation process maps. We look specifically at features and characteristics that are common and different across the process map artifacts produced by students. The result is a coding protocol that researchers can use to characterize process maps or explanations of the innovation process. Future work will extend the coding protocol as a tool for assessing students' conception of innovation.
Rutherford's rare records

Rutherford's 1931 lecture in Gottingen was reproduced and issued as eight discs in an album by the Gramophone Co in 1938. As part of a research effort to document this recording and understand various mysteries concerning the production and exact composition of the set, I would be grateful if anyone holding this album who I have not contacted could get in touch with me. I will glad to be share the results of the research.
Real-Time Fall Risk Assessment Using Functional Reach Test

Falls are common and dangerous for survivors of stroke at all stages of recovery. The widespread need to assess fall risk in real time for individuals after stroke has generated emerging requests for a reliable, inexpensive, quantifiable, and remote clinical measure/tool. In order to meet these requests, we explore the Functional Reach Test (FRT) for real-time fall risk assessment and implement the FRT function in mStroke, a real-time and automatic mobile health system for poststroke recovery and rehabilitation. mStroke is designed, developed, and delivered as an Application (App) running on a hardware platform consisting of an iPad and one or two wireless body motion sensors based on different mobile health functions. The FRT function in mStroke is extensively tested on healthy human subjects to verify its concept and feasibility. Preliminary performance will be presented to justify the further exploration of the FRT function in mStroke through clinical trials on individuals after stroke, which may guide its ubiquitous exploitation in the near future.
Using reputation stable analysis patterns as model based software reuse

Reputation is the opinion (more technically, a social evaluation) of the public towards a person, a group of people, or an organization. In other words, reputation is the general estimation that the public has for a person or an institution. It is an important factor in many fields, like business, online communities or social status. It is also a subject of study in social, management and technological sciences. Its influence may range from competitive settings like markets to cooperative ones like firms, organizations, institutions and communities. Furthermore, reputation also acts on different levels of agency, individual and supra-individual. At the supra-individual level, it concerns groups, communities, collectives and abstract social entities (such as firms, corporations, organizations, countries, cultures and even civilizations). It affects phenomena of different scale, from everyday life to relationships between nations. Reputation is a fundamental instrument of social order, based upon distributed, spontaneous social control. As can be seen, there is nothing different in the way reputation is handled in any of those areas of application. In fact, reputation is the same in all of them. Therefore, the reason for the analysis of this concept, with the sole purpose of extracting its core knowledge, it is a worthwhile reason, especially if you are planning to reuse it in numerous applications, while still maintaining a cost effective nature.
A Pilot Study of an Acceptance-based Behavioral Treatment for Binge Eating Disorder.

While existing treatments produce remission in a relatively large percentage of individuals with binge eating disorder (BED), room for improvement remains. Interventions designed to increase emotion regulation skills and clarify one's chosen values may be well-suited to address factors known to maintain BED. The current study examined the preliminary efficacy of a group-based treatment, Acceptance-based Behavioral Therapy (ABBT), in a small open trial (n=19), as well as the relationship between changes in hypothesized mechanisms of action and outcomes. ABBT includes the behavioral components of cognitive behavioral treatment for BED and emotion-focused strategies from acceptance and commitment therapy and dialectical behavioral therapy. Results from generalized linear multilevel modeling revealed significant fixed linear effects of time on depression, quality of life, global eating pathology, and binge frequency (all ps<.05). Global eating disorder symptoms appeared to improve rapidly from pre- to mid-treatment, and continued to improve toward post-treatment and follow-up, but at a slower rate. Binge frequency decreased rapidly from pre- to mid-treatment, followed by a slight increase at post-treatment and a reduction again by follow-up. Improvements in experiential acceptance were strongly and consistently related to decreases in overall eating pathology across several measures (rs=.35–.54). Additionally, greater access to emotion regulation strategies was strongly related to decreases in overall eating pathology (r=.67). Preliminary results support the efficacy of this novel treatment approach and indicate that additional research on ABBT for BED is warranted.
Changing Punishments for Property Offenses, To Change the Lives of Women in Need

This year the Supreme Court denied certiorari to Cecelia Cathleen Rodriguez, a 61- year old woman from Oklahoma sentenced to life in prison. Her crime was theft of two purses from a department store. Ms. Rodriguez hoped that the Supreme Court would see fit to upend her conviction or declare her sentence excessive. Ms. Rodriguez's family reported to the state court that she has struggled with heroin addiction since the 1960s, leading to numerous arrests on petty charges. The majority of her extensive record was composed of petty thefts, drug possession, and other nonviolent offenses. The stolen bags in this, her ultimate case, totaled less than $700 in value. Ms. Rodriguez was sentenced under Oklahoma's grand larceny statute, which applies to thefts over $500. Like many schemes around the country, the sentencing guidelines for the offense mandated a habitual offender enhancement. The mandatory minimum for an individual with Ms. Rodriguez's record is four years. The law allows up to life in prison for the theft offense. In the past year, many states revisited disproportionately high sentencing schemes for low-level property offenses. Voters in states across the country rallied in favor of reductions in penalties for low-level, nonviolent property offenses, such as theft, check fraud, and larceny. Bipartisan efforts to ease the financial burden of incarceration have lead to criminal justice reforms in states like California, Oregon, and Mississippi. Advocates for women in the criminal justice system have embarked on campaigns to frame reforms as not just a cost-cutting measure, but a moral imperative. For many women, primarily women with little money, relatively low-value property offense convictions can lead to devastatingly disproportionate consequences, such as the trauma of incarceration and the marginalization that follows a serious criminal record. The tremendous sanctions that currently exist for low-level nonviolent property offenses have sparked a call amongst advocates for policy change. Women-centered campaigns argue for greater nuance in the justice system's response to women charged with property offenses.
Learning From Experts’ Experience: Toward Automated Cyber Security Data Triage

Security operations centers (SOCs) employ various cyber defend measures to monitor network events. Apart from these measures, SOCs also have to resort to human analysts to make sense of the collected data for incident detection and response. However, with the oncoming network data collected and accumulated at a rapid speed, analysts are usually overwhelmed by tedious and repeated data triage tasks so that they can hardly concentrate on in-depth analysis to create timely and quality incident reports. This paper aims to reduce the analysts’ workloads by developing data triage automatons. We have developed a computer-aided tracing method for capturing analysts’ operations while they are performing a task. This paper proposes a graph-based trace mining approach for constructing useful patterns for data triage from the operation traces. Finite state machines can be constructed based on the rules to automate data triage. A human-in-the-loop case study is conducted to evaluate our approach, in which 30 professional analysts were recruited and asked to complete a cyber-analysis task with their operations being traced. State machines were constructed based on the traces and then the effectiveness of developing state machines and the performance of state machines are evaluated. The result shows that it is feasible to conduct automated data triage by leveraging analysts’ traces. The state machines are able to complete processing a large amount of data within minutes. Comparing the performance of automated data triage with the ground truth, we found that a satisfactory false positive rate can be achieved.
Finitely Stable Rings

A commutative ring R is finitely stable provided every finitely generated regular ideal of R is projective as a module over its ring of endomorphisms. This class of rings includes the Prufer rings, as well as the one-dimensional local Cohen-Macaulay rings of multiplicity at most 2. Building on work of Rush, we show that R is finitely stable if and only if its integral closure \(\overline{R}\) is a Prufer ring, every R-submodule of \(\overline{R}\) containing R is a ring and every regular maximal ideal of R has at most 2 maximal ideals in \(\overline{R}\) lying over it. This characterization is deduced from a more general theorem regarding what, motivated by work of Knebusch and Zhang, we term a finitely stable subring R of a ring between R and its complete ring of quotients.
Relative Risk of Paraplegia between Open, Hybrid, and Endovascular Procedures

All reconstructive approaches to abdominal, thoracic and thoraco-abdominal aneurysms repair carry some risk for SCI and subsequent paraplegia or paraparesis. Attention to anatomic and physiologic risk factors, proven surgical adjuncts, and familiarity with a wide variety of operative reconstructive approaches tailored to individual risks represent the most effective means of reducing the risk for, and sequelae of, these devastating complications.
Reassessing the electrophysiological evidence for categorical perception of Mandarin lexical tone: ERP evidence from native and naïve non-native Mandarin listeners

Some studies have argued that native speakers of tonal languages have been shown to perceive lexical tone continua in a more categorical manner than speakers of non-tonal languages. Among these, Zhang and colleagues (NeuroReport 23 (1): 35-9) conducted an event-related potential (ERP) study using an oddball paradigm showing that native Mandarin speakers exhibit different sensitivity to deviant tones that cross category boundaries compared to deviants that belong to the same category as the standard. Other recent ERP findings examining consonant voicing categories question whether perception is truly categorical. The current study investigated these discrepant findings by replicating and extending the Zhang et al. study. Native Mandarin speakers and naive English speakers performed an auditory oddball detection test while ERPs were recorded. Naive English speakers were included to test for language experience effects. We found that Mandarin speakers and English speakers demonstrated qualitatively similar responses, in that both groups showed a larger N2 to the across-category deviant and a larger P3 to the within-category deviant. The N2/P3 pattern also did not differ in scalp topography for the within- versus across-category deviants, as was reported by Zhang et al. Cross-language differences surfaced in behavioral results, where Mandarin speakers showed better discrimination for the across-category deviant, but English speakers showed better discrimination for within-category deviants, though all results were near-ceiling. Our results therefore support models suggesting that listeners remain sensitive to gradient acoustic differences in speech even when they have learned phonological categories along an acoustic dimension.
Radiation resistance of normal human astrocytes: the role of non-homologous end joining DNA repair activity

Radiotherapy is a common modality for treatment of brain cancers, but it can induce long-term physiological and cognitive deficits. The responses of normal human brain cells to radiation is not well understood. Astrocytes have been shown to have a variety of protective mechanisms against oxidative stress and have been shown to protect neurons. We investigated the response of cultured normal human astrocytes (NHAs) to X-ray irradiation. Following exposure to 10 Gy X-irradiation, NHAs exhibited DNA damage as indicated by the formation of γ-H2AX foci. Western blotting showed that NHAs displayed a robust increase in expression of non-homologous end joining DNA repair enzymes within 15 min post-irradiation and increased expression of homologous recombination DNA repair enzymes ~2 h post-irradiation. The cell cycle checkpoint protein p21/waf1 was upregulated from 6-24 h, and then returned to baseline. Levels of DNA repair enzymes returned to basal ~48 h post-irradiation. NHAs re-entered the cell cycle and proliferation was observed at 6 days. In contrast, normal human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) failed to upregulate DNA repair enzymes and instead displayed sustained upregulation of p21/waf1, a cell cycle checkpoint marker for senescence. Ectopic overexpression of Ku70 was sufficient to protect MSCs from sustained upregulation of p21/waf1 induced by 10 Gy X-rays. These findings suggest that increased expression of Ku70 may be a key mechanism for the radioresistance of NHAs, preventing their accelerated senescence from high-dose radiation. These results may have implications for the development of novel targets for radiation countermeasure development.
Autism, Advocacy Organizations, and Past Injustice

Fruitful connections can be made between Disability Studies and post-conflict transitional justice, two areas of scholarship concerned with human rights and the impacts of violence that have rarely been brought into critical dialogue with one another. For over a decade, one of the world's largest and best-known autism organizations, the US-based Autism Speaks, has been subject to criticisms and boycotts by autistic self-advocates and their allies. This article describes the forms of harm attributed to the organization, arguing that these harms can be viewed through the lens of what transitional justice scholar Jill Stauffer calls "ethical loneliness": "the experience of being abandoned by humanity compounded by the experience of not being heard" (2015b, 1). I argue that Autism Speaks's recent reforms and responses to criticism, in focusing largely on present-day organizational policies and structures, fail to grasp the full temporal dimensions of ethical loneliness or the importance of addressing past injustice.
Phase II study of nivolumab and ipilimumab for advanced bladder cancer of variant histologies (BCVH).

4518Background: Patients with BCVH have poor outcomes and data regarding the management of this heterogeneous group of patients is limited. Nivolumab and ipilimumab has demonstrated safety and effi...
Evaluating tradeoffs between energy efficiency and color rendition

Color rendition and energy efficiency have long been considered characteristics of light sources that cannot be maximized simultaneously. The tradeoff has been studied extensively, but usually considering only average color fidelity. This work examines the color rendition versus energy efficiency tradeoff in the context of ANSI/IES TM-30-18, Method for Evaluating Light Source Color Rendition, which provides numerous measures beyond average color fidelity. The analysis demonstrates that color rendition criteria based on combinations of ANSI/IES TM-30-18 values can be used to improve color quality with less of an effect on luminous efficacy of radiation than increasing CIE Ra alone.
PARP Inhibition Suppresses GR-MYCN-CDK5-RB1-E2F1 Signaling and Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: In this study, we addressed the underlying mechanisms for the association between enzalutamide (ENZ) treatment and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), and the critical involvement of MYCN, and loss of RB1 function in neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) of prostatic epithelial cells, and the development of NEPC. We further sought to determine whether PARP inhibition could suppress NEPC, and to identify molecular determinants of this therapeutic activity. Experimental Design: We used a novel prostate cancer patient–derived xenograft (PDX) treatment model, prostatic adenocarcinoma and NEPC cell lines, an NEPC organoid line, and NEPC xenograft models to address the mechanistic basis of ENZ-induced NED, and to analyze suppression of NED and NEPC growth by PARP inhibition. Results: We identified an ENZ treatment–associated glucocorticoid receptor (GR)–MYCN–CDK5–RB1–E2F1 signaling pathway that drives NED in prostatic adenocarcinoma PDX and cell line models. Mechanistically, long-term ENZ treatment transcriptionally upregulates signaling of the GR–MYCN axis, leading to CDK5R1 and CDK5R2 upregulation, Rb1 phosphorylation, and N-Myc–mediated and E2F1-mediated NED gene expression. Importantly, olaparib (OLA) or talazoparib (TALA) suppressed these activities, and the combination of OLA and dinaciclib (DINA), an inhibitor of CDK2 and CDK5, which also inhibits Rb1 phosphorylation, suppressed NED and significantly improved therapeutic efficiency in NEPC cells in vitro and in NEPC tumors in vivo. Conclusions: The results of our study indicate an important role of GR–MYCN–CDK5R1/2–RB1–NED signaling in ENZ-induced and PARP inhibitor–suppressed NEPC. We also demonstrated efficacy for OLA+DINA combination therapy in NEPC xenograft models.
Effect of Allicin in Reducing the Cytotoxicity of Cyclophosphamide on Reproductive System of Wister Male Rats

The aim of the present study is to investigate the positive role of Allicin in reducing the side effects induced by cyclophosphamide drug in reproductive system of male rats. In this experiment, fifty adult male Wister rats were used, about four month old, with average weight about (162.5±13gm). They were divided randomly into five equal groups (10 animals for each group) and drenched for 60 consecutive days as follows: The results of this study revealed significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) represented by increasing in concentration of testosterone, SSH and ICSH hormones in T1 group as compared with other groups, while there was a significant decrease in T2 group as compared with other groups. Also, there was a significant difference represented by increasing levels of these hormones in T3 and T4 groups as compared with T2 group ,and there was a significant difference in concentration of testosterone, SSH and ICSH between T3 and T4 groups represented by increasing the concentration of these hormones in T4 group as compared with T3 group. It is concluded that allicin has in dose of 50 mg/kg/B. W. both a preventive and a therapeutic role in ameliorating cyclophosphamide toxicity in adult Wister male rats. The use of allicin as a therapeutic agent showed more amelioration in cyclophosphamide toxicity than a preventive agent.
Outcomes of obese patients undergoing less invasive LVAD implantation.

BACKGROUND Obesity and heart failure rates continue to rise, confronting heart failure centers with challenging left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantations. Although less invasive approaches to implantation have been successfully implemented by many centers, this surgical approach has not yet been well evaluated in the obese population. Therefore, we sought to describe our experience with less invasive device implantation in this patient cohort. METHODS All implants of centrifugal ventricular assist devices were retrospectively reviewed. Patients implanted with a less invasive approach via a left thoracotomy and upper hemisternotomy were included. Patients were stratified by body mass index (<30 vs ≥30 kg/m2 ). Perioperative and short-term outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS Forty-two patients implanted with the less invasive approach (BMI <30: 27 vs. BMI ≥30 kg/m2 : 15) were identified. The obese cohort was significantly younger (58.5 vs 46.1 years, P = .022), while other preoperative demographics were similar. Postoperative mechanical ventilator time was longer in the obese cohort (22.9 vs 46.1 hour, P = .045). However, other perioperative and short-term outcomes were comparable. Wound dehiscence occurred in one obese patient. Six-month survival was also comparable between cohorts (96.3% vs 86.7%, P = .264). CONCLUSIONS In this limited patient series, outcomes appear to be comparable in nonobese and obese patients undergoing less invasive LVAD implantation. Therefore, obesity should perhaps not be viewed as a lone contraindication to the application of this surgical approach.
Salivary proteomic profile of patients with renal cell carcinoma.

622Background: We aimed to explore the salivary proteomic profile (SPP) of patients undergoing surgery for suspected renal cell carcinoma (RCC), then evaluate any significant findings in a validati...
I Have Learned to Hate Science

Every semester, during the first week of my non-science-majors biology class, I asked students to tell me what they were excited and nervous about that term, and if there was anything that they believed I needed to know about them. The quote that serves as the title of this commentary was among the most memorable responses I received. Sadly, this student was not an outlier. Many students shared their distaste for science or their nervousness about the class because, as they had come to believe, they were “not good at science.” Lukewarm attitudes like these were common at the inception of multiple semesters. For the majority of these students, this was their last formal science class – their final opportunity to build positive associations with the content of biology and to generate the confidence needed to engage with society's biology-related questions. That's a big, and important, responsibility for an educator. The negative comments led me to ask some important questions. Where do these attitudes and beliefs come from? How might we, as biology educators, address them? Why do some students have a disinterest in, and a lack of …
Importance Ratings of Socially Supportive Behaviors by Children and Adolescents

The frequency of students' social support has been investigated in the literature, but little research has examined the social validity or social importance of supportive behaviors for children and...
Chapter 9 – Threshold Assessments

A threshold assessment (TA) is an investigative report that reviews the initial physical evidence of the behavior, forensic victimology, and crime scene characteristics for a particular case, or a series of related cases, in order to provide immediate direction. It is not informed by complete access to all crime scene documentation, victim information, or the full analysis and interpretation of physical evidence by the necessary forensic scientists. Though it may contain preliminary inferences about the offender, a TA is not to be confused with, or presented as, a fully refined criminal profile.
Benign Hematopoietic Disorders of the Lung

The lung is an organ constantly exposed to antigens and pathogens that frequently induce local inflammation. This inflammation produces hyperplasia of the bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) that can result in exuberant reactive lymphoid proliferations either as interstitial infiltrates or mass-forming lesions (Koss, Semin Diagn Pathol 12:158–171, 1995). Similarly, immune dysregulation or autoimmune disorders can also induce hyperplastic proliferation of the BALT. Reactive pulmonary lymphoid hyperplasia includes follicular bronchiolitis and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia, whereas diffuse lymphoid hyperplasia (lymphoid interstitial pneumonia) is a lesion that some authors believe forms part of the spectrum of lymphoproliferative disorders that may progress to pulmonary marginal zone lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (pulmonary MALT lymphoma). Although distinction of these lesions is straightforward in a surgical resection, the diagnosis may be challenging in small biopsies or specimens with crush artifact. In this situation, the use of ancillary studies is helpful to arrive to the diagnosis. IgG4-related lung disease is also discussed in this chapter.
A mapping tool to identify causal mutations from forward genetic screens

A forward genetic screen is one of the best methods for revealing the regulatory functions of genes. In plants, this technique is highly efficient since it is relatively easy to grow and screen the phenotypes of hundreds or thousands of individuals. The cost-efficiency and ease of data production afforded by next-generation sequencing techniques have created new opportunities for mapping induced mutations. The principles of genetic mapping remain the same. However, the details have changed, which allows for rapid mapping of causal mutations. Current mapping tools are often not user-friendly and complicated or require extensive preparation steps. To simplify the process of mapping new mutations, we developed a pipeline that takes next generation sequencing fastq files as input, calls on several well-established and freely available genome-analysis tools, and outputs the most likely causal DNA change(s). The pipeline has been validated in Arabidopsis and can be readily applied to other species.
Myelodysplastic syndromes with ring sideroblasts (MDS-RS) and MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasm with RS and thrombocytosis (MDS/MPN-RS-T) - "2021 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management".

DISEASE OVERVIEW Ring sideroblasts (RS) are erythroid precursors with abnormal perinuclear mitochondrial iron accumulation. Two myeloid neoplasms defined by the presence of RS, include myelodysplastic syndromes with RS (MDS-RS) and MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasm with RS and thrombocytosis (MDS/MPN-RS-T). DIAGNOSIS MDS-RS is a lower risk MDS, with single or multilineage dysplasia (MDS-RS-SLD/MLD), <5% bone marrow (BM) blasts, <1% peripheral blood blasts and ≥15% BM RS (≥5% in the presence of SF3B1 mutations). MDS/MPN-RS-T, now a formal entity in the MDS/MPN overlap syndromes, has diagnostic features of MDS-RS-SLD, along with a platelet count ≥450 × 109 /L and large atypical megakaryocytes. MUTATIONS AND KARYOTYPE Mutations in SF3B1 are seen in ≥80% of patients with MDS-RS-SLD and MDS/MPN-RS-T, and strongly correlate with the presence of BM RS; MDS/MPN-RS-T patients also demonstrate JAK2V617F (50%), DNMT3A, TET2 and ASXL1 mutations. Cytogenetic abnormalities are uncommon in both. RISK STRATIFICATION Most patients with MDS-RS-SLD are stratified into lower risk groups by the revised-IPSS. Disease outcome in MDS/MPN-RS-T is better than that of MDS-RS-SLD, but worse than that of essential thrombocythemia (MPN). Both diseases are associated with a low risk of leukemic transformation. TREATMENT Anemia and iron overload are complications seen in both and are managed similar to lower risk MDS and MPN. Luspatercept, a first-in-class erythroid maturation agent is now approved for the management of anemia in patients with MDS-RS and MDS/MPN-RS-T. Aspirin therapy is reasonable in MDS/MPN-RS-T, especially in the presence of JAK2V617F, but the value of platelet-lowering drugs remains to be defined.
Expertise Integration and Creativity in Information Systems Development

This paper addresses the understudied issue of how individually-held expertise in information systems development (ISD) teams results in creativity at the team level during the development process. We develop the idea that team creativity results primarily from integration of individually-held expertise of team members at the team level. We further propose the quality of intra-team relationships and knowledge complementarities that align the work of individual team members at the project level influence creativity primarily through the process of expertise integration. We use data from a field study of 142 participants in 42 ISD projects to test the proposed model. The paper makes three new contributions to the IS literature. The key contribution of the paper lies in developing an expertise integration view of team creativity. We demonstrate the centrality of integrating individually-held tacit and explicit knowledge about the problem domain and the technology at the team level in achieving team creativity. The use of a process-focused conceptualization of team creativity is especially noteworthy here. The second contribution of the paper lies in conceptually developing and operationalizing the concept of expertise integration, a mechanism by which individually-held knowledge is integratively applied at the project level. Although the importance of knowledge in the ISD process is widely recognized in prior research, this is the first study to develop the concept in a operationally meaningful way. The third key contribution lies in showing that the compositional and relational attributes of ISD project teamsdiverse specialized knowledge in a team, the quality of intra-team working relationships, and members' cross-domain absorptive capacitydo not engender creativity by themselves; they do so primarily because they enhance integration of individual knowledge at the project level. We offer empirical evidence for such full mediation. These findings have important theoretical and practical implications, which are discussed in the paper.
3,5-Di­bromo-4-carbamoyl­benzoic acid 2-propanol monosolvate

In the title solvated crystal, C8H5Br2NO3·C3H8O, the acid mol­ecules form inversion dimers by pairwise N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between carbamoyl groups and the carboxyl and carbamoyl groups link to form head-to-tail inversion dimers. The 2-propanol hydroxyl group inter­poses between adjacent head-tail pairs, resulting in C33(10) chains of hydrogen bonds propagating along [100]. The mol­ecules of 2-propanol are disordered over two sets of sites in a 0.598 (8):0.402 (8) ratio. The best-fit planes of the carbamoyl group and benzene ring are inclined by 88.26 (11)°. This is a greater inclination than was previously reported with CH3, Cl, F or H in place of the Br atoms, although those analogues did not have a para carboxyl group.
Attenuation and Blockage of Lg in Eurasia

Eurasia is a mosaic of ancient continental blocks which merged over a long period of time during the Paleozoic era. The largest blocks, the east European and the Siberian (or Angara) cratons completed their merger near the end of that era, but much of Eurasia appears to have formed from the union of many microplates over much of Paleozoic time. The European and Siberian cratons themselves are composed of older terrains which collided and joined in the Proterozoic era before formation of the Eurasian plate [1]. More recently, during the Cenozoic era, Africa, the Arabian peninsula, and India collided with Eurasia forming complex mountain belts such as the Alps and the Himalayas. In addition, most of the older cratonic regions have been covered by younger sediments which, in some regions, such as the Peri-Caspian basin, may reach thicknesses as great as 20 km [2]. Some aspects of the complex geology and tectonics of Eurasia appear on the tectonic sketch map in Figure 1.
Energy and throughput efficient transactional memory for embedded multicore systems

We propose a new design for an energy-efficient hardware transactional memory (HTM) system for power-aware embedded devices. Prior hardware transactional memory designs proposed a small, fully-associative transactional cache at the same level as the L1 cache. We propose an alternative design that unifies the transactional and L1 caches, and provides a small victim cache to reduce effects of capacity and conflict evictions. We evaluate our new HTM scheme on a variety of benchmarks, both in terms of energy and performance. We show that the victim cache scheme can provide up to a 4X improvement in energy-delay product, compared to a traditional HTM scheme that uses a separate transactional cache.
Defining and applying a functionality approach to intellectual disability

Background The current functional models of disability do not adequately incorporate significant changes of the last three decades in our understanding of human functioning, and how the human functioning construct can be applied to clinical functions, professional practices and outcomes evaluation. Methods The authors synthesise current literature on human functioning dimensions, systems of supports and approaches to outcomes evaluation for persons with intellectual disability (ID), and propose a functionality approach that encompasses a systems perspective towards understanding human functioning in ID. The approach includes human functioning dimensions, interactive systems of supports and human functioning outcomes. Results Based on this functionality approach the authors: (1) describe how such an approach can be applied to clinical functions related to defining ID, assessment, classification, supports planning and outcomes evaluation; and (2) discuss the impact of a functionality approach on professional practices in the field of ID. Conclusions A functionality approach can increase focus on the integrative nature of human functioning, provide unified language, align clinical functions and encourage evidence-based practices. The approach incorporates a holistic view of human beings and their lives, and can positively affect supports provision and evaluation.
Preparation and assay of RNA polymerase II elongation factors elongin and ELL.

Publisher Summary This chapter describes methods for preparing recombinant Elongin and ELL, and for assaying their activities in promoting rapid and efficient elongation by RNA polymerase II. Based on varied evidence from biochemical studies, Elongin and ELL appear to function similarly to increase the overall rate of transcript elongation by RNA polymerase II by a mechanism that involves suppression of transient pausing by polymerase at many sites along the DNA template. Both Elongin and ELL appear to suppress RNA polymerase II, pausing through direct interactions with polymerase by decreasing the time the enzyme spends in inactive conformations. Elongin and ELL can both stimulate the rate of elongation by purified RNA polymerase II in vitro. Two approaches for assaying Elongin and ELL transcription activities have proven successful. First, Elongin and ELL have both been shown to be capable of stimulating the rate of elongation by RNA polymerase II that has initiated transcription from a promoter in the presence of the general initiation factors TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, and TFIIH. Second, Elongin and ELL have both been shown to be capable of stimulating the rate of elongation by RNA polymerase II on oligo (dC)-tailed DNA templates in the absence of auxillary transcription factors.
Control of plant enzyme activity by reversible protein phosphorylation

Publisher Summary Protein phosphorylation is considered one of the most studied posttranslational-modification mechanisms affecting protein structure and function. This chapter reviews the regulation of plant enzymes by protein phosphorylation. It focuses on plant enzymes known to be regulated by reversible phosphorylation and explores how this mechanism of post-translational modification may serve to coordinate flux through major metabolic pathways. Most of the enzymes known to be phosphorylated are leaf proteins and the phosphorylation status of many of the phosphoproteins is altered in response to light. Phosphorylation of numerous chloroplast stromal proteins can be observed when intact spinach chloroplasts are provided [32P]Pi in the light or when stromal extracts are given [γ-32P] in vitro. One chloroplast stromal enzyme that undergoes reversible phosphorylation is pyruvate Pi dikinase (PPDK). This enzyme is found in highest activities in leaves of C4 species and in certain crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants, where it plays an important role in photosynthesis by catalyzing the regeneration of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), which is the primary CO2 acceptor. The light or dark modulation of PPDK activity in leaves can be mimicked in vitro by an ADP-dependent inactivation and a Pi-dependent activation.
The Pass-Fail Option and Physical Education.

(1971). The Pass-Fail Option and Physical Education. Journal of Health, Physical Education, Recreation: Vol. 42, No. 5, pp. 19-20.
Statistical Review for Medical Journals, Guidelines for Authors

Various individuals and groups have suggested guidelines for authors, governing the format and content of statistical reporting in medical articles. The present article presents guidelines for clinical trials, based closely on those of the CONSORT group. The headings are as follows: Introduction; Methods, Protocol Design; Methods, Treatment Assignment; Methods, Treatment Blinding; Methods, Quality Control; Results, Follow-up Schedule, and Loss to Follow-up; Results, Analysis; and Comment. Keywords: clinical trials; CONSORT; protocol; assignment; blinding; quality control; follow-up
Criminalizing Revenge Porn: Frequently Asked Questions

The term “revenge porn,” though frequently used, is somewhat misleading. Many perpetrators are not motivated by revenge or by any personal feelings toward the victim. A more accurate term is nonconsensual pornography, defined as the distribution of sexually graphic images of individuals without their consent. This includes both images originally obtained without consent (e.g. by using hidden cameras, hacking phones, or recording sexual assaults) as well as images consensually obtained within the context of an intimate relationship. Nonconsensual pornography transforms unwilling individuals into sexual entertainment for strangers. A vengeful ex-partner or opportunistic hacker can upload an explicit image of a victim to a website where thousands of people can view it and hundreds of other websites can share it. In a matter of days, that image can dominate the first several pages of “hits” on the victim’s name in a search engine, as well as being emailed or otherwise exhibited to the victim’s family, employers, co-workers, and peers.This short document provides answers to some of the most frequently asked questions about criminalizing revenge porn and other forms of nonconsensual pornography.
Transfer of Tn5385, a Composite, Multiresistance Chromosomal Element from Enterococcus faecalis

Tn5385 is a ca. 65-kb element integrated into the chromosomes of clinical Enterococcus faecalis strains CH19 and CH116. It confers resistance to erythromycin, gentamicin, mercuric chloride, streptomycin, tetracycline-minocycline, and penicillin via beta-lactamase production. Tn5385 is a composite structure containing regions previously found in staphylococcal and enterococcal plasmids. Several transposons and transposon-like elements within Tn5385 have been identified, including conjugative transposon Tn5381, composite transposon Tn5384, and elements indistinguishable from staphylococcal transposons Tn4001 and Tn552. The divergent regions of Tn5385 are linked by a series of insertion sequence (IS) elements (IS256, IS257, and IS1216) of staphylococcal and enterococcal origin. The ends of Tn5385 consist of directly repeated copies of enterococcal IS1216. Within the chromosomes of strains CH19 and CH116, Tn5385 has interrupted an open reading frame with substantial homology to previously described alkyl hydrogen peroxide reductase genes. Segments of this open reading frame in both CH19 and CH116 have been deleted, but the amount of deleted DNA differs for the two insertions. Transfer of Tn5385 from both donors into E. faecalis recipients occurs at a low frequency. Two types of transconjugants have been identified. In one type, the target alkyl hydrogen peroxide reductase open reading frame has been deleted, and sequences flanking Tn5385 in the respective donors are carried over to the transconjugants. These data suggest that the mechanism of Tn5385 insertion into the recipient chromosome in these transconjugants was recombination across flanking regions in the donors and homologous sequences in the recipients. The second type of transconjugant appears to have resulted from excision of Tn5385 from the CH19 chromosome by recombination across the terminal IS1216 elements and insertion into the recipient chromosome by recombination across Tn5381 (within Tn5385) and a previously transferred Tn5381 copy in the recipient chromosome. These data confirm that Tn5385 is a composite structure with genetic material from diverse genera and suggest that it is a functional transposon. They also suggest that chromosomal recombination is a mechanism of genetic exchange in enterococci.
Contemporary diagnosis and management of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis.

What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Penile cancer is a rare malignancy with limited evidence to support most treatment recommendations. No randomised controlled trials have been published and few recommendations are available for guiding management. However, evidence-based guidelines are currently available through the European Association of Urology. This review provides the reader with the most up-to-date information on diagnosis and management of all stages of squamous cell carcinoma of the penis. It provides a rapid review and study guide for this rare disease. • To review the current literature available on squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis and provide a contemporary management algorithm for treatment based on the best evidence available. • A complete review of the current English language literature was performed via PubMed and all available guidelines were reviewed. • Large randomised controlled trials are lacking in penile SCC due to the fortunately rare occurrence of the disease. • Treatment recommendations for the primary lesion, lymph nodes, and follow-up in this review are based on the best current available literature. • Early diagnosis and aggressive organ-sparing treatment remains the mainstay of therapy for penile SCC. • Variable institutional expertise currently makes treatment decisions difficult and unstandardised. • A multidisciplinary approach should be used in attempt to improve outcomes in this mutilating disease.
Old ligands with new coordination chemistry: A Mn17Na cluster bearing triethanolamine and azide groups and exhibiting slow magnetization relaxation

Abstract The combination of azide, carboxylate and triethanolamine ligands in higher oxidation state Mn cluster chemistry has yielded a new heptadecanuclear, mixed-valence (II, III, IV) compound with fairly large S and D values, and frequency-dependent out-of-phase ( χ M ″ ) signals, characteristics of the superparamagnetic-like slow relaxation of an SMM.
The serum lipids in schizophrenia

The serum lipid levels of 85 schizophrenic patients have been investigated under conditions designed to control variations due to differencces of sex, chronological age, and duration of hospital stay. These patients were divided into groups of “excited” and “calm,” and compared with 42 normal subjects. Although the absolute lipid levels were higher for women than for men in both the schizophrenic and the normal groups, the relative differences were maintained irrespective of sex.
Influence of sample history on ionomer properties

Les polysulfonates peuvent exister en plusieurs conformations qui ne peuvent s'equilibrer rapidement