cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Rhetorical Education for the Nineteenth-Century Pulpit: Austin Phelps and the Influence of Christian Transcendentalism at Andover Theological Seminary

This archival study examines the rhetorical theory and writing pedagogy of Austin Phelps, an accomplished nineteenth-century preacher and professor of sacred rhetoric at Andover Theological Seminary. In disclosing Phelps's contributions to nineteenth-century rhetorical theory and pedagogy at the first graduate seminary in the United States, this article highlights the ways that Phelps's melding of American transcendentalist thought and Christian orthodoxy enabled him to adapt nineteenth-century rhetorical theory and pedagogy in important ways. By demonstrating the extent to which Phelps's discussions of practical rhetorical wisdom and experiential preaching complicate documented trends in rhetorical education at American colleges during the nineteenth century, this research aims to bring out a layer of the curriculum that other histories of writing instruction during the nineteenth century have not thoroughly investigated.
Gut glutathione metabolism and changes with 7,12-DMBA and glutamine.

Abstract Introduction The mechanism by which oral glutamine (GLN) prevents 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer is unknown. While GLN triples the negative extraction of gut glutathione (GSH) in rats, DMBA significantly disrupts it. Actual gut GSH flux has not been reported. We hypothesized that the gut is a producer of GSH; DMBA blocks gut GSH production and supplemental oral GLN antagonizes this effect. Materials and methods Eighty Sprague–Dawley rats were randomized to four groups ( n = 20/group): DMBA + GLN, DMBA + FA, OIL + GLN, OIL + FA. Rats (age 50 days) were gavaged with a one-time dose of 100 mg/kg DMBA or oil. Rats were gavaged with AES-14 as GLN (1 gm/kg/day) or an isonitrogenous amount of Freamine (FA) from 1 week before till sacrifice at 1 week after DMBA (greatest effect on gut GSH extraction). Arterial and portal blood was taken for GLN and GSH levels, and blood flow was measured using 14 C-PAH. Gut GLN and GSH fluxes (uptake or production) were calculated. Results DMBA abrogated the normal GSH production (negative flux) in OIL + FA while not affecting GLN metabolism. GLN maintained GSH production in DMBA + GLN. Conclusions Oral GLN restores to normal GSH production in DMBA-treated animals suggesting one of the mechanism(s) by which GLN prevents breast cancer in this model. Unchanged uptake of GLN in the DMBA-treated animals may indicate a block in GSH transport rather than actual intracellular production.
Experimental Investigation of Dynamic Response of RF-MEMS Switches

Ohmic and capacitive switches constitute an important segment of radio frequency microelectromechanical systems (RF-MEMS) components. The main function of these switches is to provide very rapid opening and closing of electrical contacts. To fulfill this requirement, the structural dynamics and coupled-physics response of candidate switch designs must be thoroughly understood. This paper presents a set of dynamic experimentation of two RF-MEMS ohmic switches with different geometries to determine their natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping characteristics at pressures spanning from vacuum to atmospheric. The experimental facility used for the tests is also described in detail.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
On the Budget of Angular Momentum in the Zone between Equator and 30° N

A complete budget of angular momentum in the atmosphere is possible only by considering both the eddy transfer of angular momentum and the transport due to “mean meridional circulations”. An attempt has been made in the present paper to achieve such a complete budget for the zone 20–30°N using the data available. The mean mass transport in the tropical circulation cell accumulates high relative momentum (W wind) in the upper atmosphere of this belt, whereas the eddy transport distributes it northwards and downwards from this subtropical jet. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1952.tb01020.x
Biomedical microdevices and nanotechnology.

Abstract The Cambridge Healthtech Institute's BioMEMS and Biomedical Nanotechnology World 2000 conference was held in Columbus, OH, USA, 23–26 September 2000.
The production and release to the atmosphere of CCl3F and CCl2F2 (chlorofluorocarbons CFC 11 and CFC 12)

Abstract In order to understand the present concentration distribution of CCl3F and CCl2F2 in the atmosphere and their atmospheric lifetimes, accurate data on the global production and release of these materials are needed. This paper reports improvements in the understanding of certain production and use categories which increase the accuracy of the estimates of these releases. However, lack of recent production data from certain sources prevents the total world production, and hence release, estimates from reflecting similar accuracy.
Langley hypersonic aerodynamic/aerothermodynamic testing capabilities - Present and future

The Langley Hypersonic Facilities Complex consists of nine hypersonic, blowdown-to-vacuum wind tunnels that complement one another to provide a range of Mach number from 6 to 22, with Reynolds number from 0.03 to 40 million per foot and, most importantly for blunt configurations, a normal shock density ratio from 4 to 12. Presently, most of these facilities are receiving modifications and upgrades to hardware components and instrumentation to increase their capability, reliability, and productivity. Descriptions and capabilities of these facilities are presented along with measurement techniques routinely used. Future facility plans are discussed, with the focus on an Advanced Hypervelocity Aerophysics Facility being proposed for construction in the mid-1990s.
Why we compete in DARPA's Urban Challenge autonomous robot race

The robots will have to find their own way, sensing and predicting their whereabouts through automated perception, planning, and control.
Diagnostics of flow tube techniques for ion/molecule reactions

Abstract An in-depth study of the dependence of reaction rate coefficients on system parameters in a selected ion flow tube (SIFT) has been performed. The effects due to differing flow tube diameters, lengths, and reactant gas inlet designs, have been quantified for the thermal reaction Ar+ + O2 → O2+ + Ar. Four different reactant gas inlets in three flow tubes of different size have been compared. The trend is toward a consistent rate constant for all inlets at longer residence times and larger flow tube diameters. Results from the premixing of the O2 in the helium buffer flow substantiate these observations.
Agreement of umbilical cord drug and cotinine levels with maternal self-report of drug use and smoking during pregnancy

Agreement of umbilical cord drug and cotinine levels with maternal self-report of drug use and smoking during pregnancy
Columnar cell carcinoma of the thyroid: Report of three additional cases

Columnar cell carcinoma is a recently described variant of thyroid carcinoma that has been associated with an aggressive clinical course. The authors describe three new cases of columnar cell carcinoma occurring in two women and one man aged 62, 46, and 46 years, respectively. The tumors ranged in size from 1 to 7.5 cm, and two of the tumors were associated with distant metastases. One patient died of disease 39 months after presentation. Another patient is alive with distant metastases 27 months after diagnosis. One patient appears to be a long-term survivor with no evidence of metastasis after follow-up of 22 years. This patient had a tumor that was small (1 cm) and encapsulated. DNA ploidy analysis in two tumors showed diploid DNA content, and there was no elevated S phase. All tumors were positive for thyroglobulin and negative for calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). These findings support the original observation that columnar cell variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma are usually aggressive neoplasms. There does not appear to be an increased incidence of DNA aneuploidy in columnar cell carcinomas to account for their more aggressive behavior. These tumors occur over a wide age range, can metastasize widely, and are not usually responsive to radioactive iodine or chemotherapy.
The Politics of Social and Environmental Impact Statements: Case of the Mount Wachusett Control Struggle

This article follows the 14th national STS meeting in Baltimore. The original paper was a Major Qualifying Project, equivalent to a senior thesis, at Worcester Polytechnic Institute titled “Control of Mount Wachusett.” The conclusions of the case study of a rather local event have implications in policy, ethics, the environment, and education that are more far-reaching than one might expect.
Malpractice prevention through the sharing of uncertainty. Informed consent and the therapeutic alliance.

Uncertainty presents a commonly acknowledged threat to the doctor–patient alliance1; anxious patients seeking doctors also seek the reassurance of medical certainty. Hut anxiety about undiscovered ...
Songs of mobility in West Pokot

Expert witnesses and scholars have been unable to locate the wellsprings of the postwar millennial ardor of the Pokot, an East African cattle-keeping people seemingly untouched by modernity and colonial rule. In this article I provide a revisionist reading of Pokot religious enthusiasm and the social terrain in which it took shape. Drawing primarily on new ethnographic data about the activities and aspirations of Pokot adherents of the proscribed Dini ya Msambwa movement, I argue that the lure of an earthly Zion in a Kenyan colonial backwater bespeaks a crisis of mobility in the spiritual and material worlds. More generally, I show how millennialism in colonial settings may remake modernity by relocating its iconographies and technologies of power and worth.
Fast ion loss in a ‘sea-of-TAE’

Super-thermal fast ions provide a source of free energy to excite instabilities, which in turn can enhance the loss of fast ions. It has been proposed that when multiple modes with resonances closely spaced in phase space reach sufficient amplitude so that the fast ion trajectories overlap, very rapid non-linear growth can occur. The modification of the fast ion distribution by this loss may in turn excite additional, otherwise stable, modes, leading to an 'avalanche' effect greatly enhancing the transport of fast ions (Berk H.L., Breizman B.N., Fitzpatrick J. and Wong H.V. 1995 Nucl. Fusion 35 1661). It has been proposed that in ITER (ITER Physics Basis Editors et al 1999 Nucl. Fusion 39 2137), the transport of fast ions will be through a similar interaction of many modes. In NSTX (Ono M. et al 2000 Nucl. Fusion 40 557) bursts of multiple TAE-like instabilities are correlated with fast ion losses in a manner which qualitatively resembles avalanche behaviour.
Social facilitation of eating behavior in young opossums: I. Group vs. solitary feeding

A litter of eight young opossums was fed, under both group and solitary conditions, once a day for twenty days. Food intake under the group feeding condition significantly exceeded that under the individual feeding condition (p<.001). The amount of food taken in during each feeding session was found to increase more rapidly under the group feeding condition than under the individual feeding condition. The latter finding is of particular interest in the case of this mammal, which while living in a group while young, becomes increasingly more solitary in its living habits as it gets older.
The repeatability and uniformity of 3D fluidized beds

Abstract Hydrodynamic characterization of fluidized beds is vital to many industrial processes, including the production of biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and numerous petroleum products. Local time-average phase fractions can be quantified in these multiphase three-dimensional systems using X-ray computed tomography (CT). This paper describes repeatability and uniformity measurements in a 3D 15.2 cm diameter cold flow fluidized bed using CT imaging to quantify gas holdup. Two different bed materials and a range of superficial gas velocities are investigated. Five tests over different days are completed to show repeatability for each test condition. Highly repeatable local time-average gas holdup is recorded at various locations within the bed for each material over all flow conditions. Uniformity is determined by analyzing the local time-average gas holdup at 12 azimuthal locations for both materials and various flow conditions. Uniform axi-symmetric fluidization is observed for each material and U g when the bed height is greater than h = 0.25D, where the effects of individual aeration holes dissipate.
New marine science organization formed

A new international organization, the North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES) will be established to promote and coordinate marine scientific research in the northern North Pacific Ocean and the Berlin Sea. This was decided in Ottawa on December 12, 1990, when a draft convention was approved by representatives of Canada, China, Japan, the United States, and the Soviet Union. PICES will focus on research on the ocean environment and its interactions with land and atmosphere, its role and response to global weather and climate change, its flora, fauna and ecosystems, its uses and resources, and impacts upon it from human activities. Such studies relate not only to the effects of fishing and environmental change on fish stocks but also to such issues as the impacts of oil spills and other forms of pollution and the eventual consequences of climate change for uses of the ocean and its resources.
CORTICAL PATTERNS AND GRADIENTS IN VASCULAR PLANTS

fruiting body of Lycoperdon gemnmathrm. Amer. Jour. Bot. 20:204-215. . 1935. Cavity-development and spore-formation in Pisolithus tinctoris. Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 51: 173-181. MAIRE, R. 1900. Sur la cytologie des Gasteromycetes. Compt. Rend. 131: 1246-1248. RABINOWITSCH, LYDIA. 1894. Beitrige zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der Fruchtkorper einiger Gastromyceten. Flora 79:385-418. REHSTrEINER, H. 1892. BeitrAige zuir Entwickelungsgeschichte der Fruchtkiirper einiger Gastromyceten. Bot. Zeit. 50: 761-878. SASS, J. 1934. The presence of a Nebenkern and Golgi material in Copritnius sterquilinum,s. Cellule 43:343348. SWARTZ, D. 1933. Some developmental characters of species of Lycoperdaceae. Amer. Jour. Bot. 20: 440-46a. . 1936. The development of Lycoperdon pedicellatam Pk. (Bovisttella pedicellata (Pk.) Lloyd). Amer. Joiur. Bot. 2.3:4-7.
Evaluating Family Needs Surveys: Do Standard Measures of Reliability and Validity Tell us What we Want to Know?

The search for psychometrically sound instruments that can help determine family needs, concerns, and priorities has been accompanied by an equally significant search for effective methods that can evaluate the usefulness of these types of instruments. While standard techniques provide some indication of psychometric efficacy, it is only through less conventional methods of assessing validity and reliability that the true effectiveness of family needs surveys can be determined. In this paper, we review standard methods for assessing the utility of family needs surveys, suggest alternative strategies, and discuss the specific questions of utility that alternative strategies address.
Dynamic pulse buckling of single curvature composite shells under external blast

Abstract Dynamic pulse buckling of a single curvature composite shell under external pressure was examined using Lagrange's equation of motion and the Budiansky–Roth criterion. The predicted transient shell response compared very well with results from ABAQUS Implicit, and the predicted buckling loads also agreed with experiments on steel arches. Load duration determined whether the buckling was impulsive, dynamic or quasi-dynamic. Thicker composite shells were more likely to fail by first-ply failure rather than buckling. It was shown that the composite lay-up could be adjusted to increase the buckling resistance of the shell.
Irritant Exudation from a Centipede

MR. E. BURTT'S experience1 with the East African millipede Spirobolus reminds me of an incident with the Melanesian centipede, Scolopendra, in the Solomon Islands.
Probing the Dynamics and Conformations of Free and Ligand-bound Gamma-synuclein

The synucleins are a family of natively unstructured, soluble proteins consisting of α-, β-, and γ -synuclein. They are primarily expressed in neurons, though they differ in their localization. Relatively little is known about the physiological roles of any of the synucleins, although the most studied of the group, α-synuclein, has been linked to Parkinson's disease. γ-synuclein was first identified in breast cancer cells, and was later found to be overly expressed in several other types of cancer, including ovarian cancer and retinoblastoma. Furthermore, subsequent studies found that γ-synuclein overexpression in breast carcinomas interferes with the activity of commonly used chemotherapeutic drugs, such as taxol and nocodazole. In the current study, we use a combination of single molecule Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) to examine the conformations and dynamics of γ-synuclein alone and bound to potential ligands. Our findings will not only help understand the structural properties of a disordered protein, but will also lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms through which γ-synuclein alters the efficacy of antitumor drugs.
Mesospheric metal abundances and meteoric dust: analyses of surviving meteoroids

Abstract Looking at the supply side of mesospheric metals using compositions of surviving meteoroids, the average element abundances are not uniformly chondritic with Fe, S, Na and K depletions. The calculated mesospheric C/Si ratio is due to micrometeorites. The volatile element, e.g., C and Na, supplies show intra-annual variations. Yet, it may not affect their annual average abundances or correlate with observed seasonable variations in the mesospheric alkali element abundances. Condensed meteoric dust is scarce, except perhaps for nanometer size Fe-oxides or Fe-oxyhydroxide.
Sensitivity Analysis of a Drainage Simulation Model

: A sensitivity analysis of a computer model, simulating major water and nitrogen processes of a soil-water-plant-climatic system on an annual basis, was conducted to determine how the model reacts to the variations in selected hydrologic and nitrogen parameters. Two major output variables (namely, total subsurface drain volume and cumulative nitrate loss with subsurface drain water) were selected for the sensitivity analysis. Model sensitivity analysis shows that the model is most sensitive to hydrologic parameters. The model is very sensitive to variations in the initial water content in the soil profile.
Analysis of site-specific glycosylation in recombinant human follistatin expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells

Follistatin (FS), a glycoprotein, plays an important role in cell growth and differentiation through the neutralization of the biological activities of activins. In this study, we analyzed the glycosylation of recombinant human FS (rhFS) produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The results of SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF MS revealed the presence of both non-glycosylated and glycosylated forms. FS contains two potential N-glycosylation sites, Asn95 and Asn259. Using mass spectrometric peptide/glycopeptide mapping and precursor-ion scanning, we found that both N-glycosylation sites were partially glycosylated. Monosaccharide composition analyses suggested the linkages of fucosylated bi- and triantennary complex-type oligosaccharides on rhFS. This finding was supported by mass spectrometric oligosaccharide profiling, in which the m/z values and elution times of some of the oligosaccharides from rhFS were in good agreement with those of standard oligosaccharides. Site-specific glycosylation was deduced on the basis of the mass spectra of the glycopeptides. It was suggested that biantennary oligosaccharides are major oligosaccharides located at both Asn95 and Asn259, whereas the triantennary structures are present mainly at Asn95.
Regarding the functional equivalence of response-independent events and extinction

Rats were trained to press a lever for food according to a variable-interval (VI) 60-sec schedule of reinforcement. They were then divided into four groups and received 10 sessions of either extinction or response-independent pellets delivered according to a variable-time (VT) 30-, 60-, or 120-sec schedule. Leverpressing was reduced at approximately the same rate for subjects receiving extinction, VT 30- and VT 120-sec pellet deliveries. Relative to thse groups, the VT 60-sec group exhibited slower reductions in responding. Subjects in the three VT groups were most frequently observed to contact the food magazine, whereas, subjects in the extinction group typically faced away from the magazine and appeared to be sleeping.
Effect of Osmotic Agents and Concentration on Fruit Quality

Osmotic syrups can be reconcentrated and reused for osmotic water removal through at least five complete cycles without adversely affecting the fruit being concentrated, even though the properties of the osmotic medium do change. Syrup penetration rate into a fruit piece was faster with high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) than sucrose. Taste panel evaluation indicated that overall, sucrose was preferred as an osmotic medium over HFCS.
OTTER: Optimal Termination of Transmission lines Excluding Radiation

The design automation of high-speed digital system interconnects is a challenging problem which requires controlling reflections from discontinuities and noise due to crosstalk. On-chip interconnect design automation is well defined since the objective is to minimize R and C to minimize delay. In contrast, for boards and packaging interconnect, the design objective is much more difficult to specify in terms of a metric. This paper presents a generalized approach for RLC interconnect design automation. A new metric is defined that specifies the optimal design as a function of input signal rise-time, loading conditions on the line, parasitic resistance in the circuit and discontinuities in the interconnect. The approach is based on the recognition of the relation between moments of the responses and critical damping of the circuit. The metric is evaluated without any time-domain simulations to obtain the optimal termination. No simplifying assumptions are required for combinations of lumped and distributed lossy lines, with nonideal terminations.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN READING IMPROVEMENT AND TEN SELECTED VARIABLES.

In 1962 30 children were administered Form W of the California Reading Test during their first day at a reading clinic. Form X was administered on the final day of the clinic. Ten additional variables were correlated with the improvement noted. Significant relationships were noted between reading improvement and total percentile on the Mental Health Analysis (r = .46, p = .01) and WISC Verbal IQ (r = .44, p = .05). With these results in mind, a greater emphasis was placed on utilizing non-verbal abilities and upon improving mental health in the 1963 clinic. This time the only significant variable was WISC Performance IQ (r = .33, p = .05).
The metabolic anatomy of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration.

Eleven patients with acquired cerebellar degeneration (10 of whom had paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration [PCD]) were evaluated using neuropsychological tests and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose/positron emission tomography to (1) quantify motor, cognitive, and metabolic abnormalities; (2) determine if characteristic alterations in the regional cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (rCMRGlc) are associated with PCD; and (3) correlate behavioral and metabolic measures of disease severity. Eighteen volunteer subjects served as normal controls. Although some PCD neuropsychological test scores were abnormal, these results could not, in general, be dissociated from the effects of dysarthria and ataxia. rCMRGlc was reduced in patients with PCD (versus normal control subjects) in all regions except the brainstem. Analysis of patient and control rCMRGlc data using a mathematical model of regional metabolic interactions revealed two metabolic pattern descriptors, SSF1 and SSF2, which distinguished patients with PCD from normal control subjects; SSF2, which described a metabolic coupling between cerebellum, cuneus, and posterior temporal, lateral frontal, and paracentral cortex, correlated with quantitative indices of cerebellar dysfunction. Our inability to document substantial intellectual impairment in 7 of 10 patients with PCD contrasts with the 50% incidence of dementia in PCD reported by previous investigators. Widespread reductions in PCD rCMRGlc may result from the loss of cerebellar efferents to thalamus and forebrain structures, a "reverse cerebellar diaschisis."
Preschoolers mistrust ignorant and inaccurate speakers.

Being able to evaluate the accuracy of an informant is essential to communication. Three experiments explored preschoolers’ (N5119) understanding that, in cases of conflict, information from reliable informants is preferable to information from unreliable informants. In Experiment 1, children were presented with previously accurate and inaccurate informants who presented conflicting names for novel objects. 4-year-olds but not 3- year-olds predicted whether an informant would be accurate in the future, sought, and endorsed information from the accurate over the inaccurate informant. In Experiment 2, both age groups displayed trust in knowledgeable over ignorant speakers. In Experiment 3, children extended selective trust when learning both verbal and nonverbal information. These experiments demonstrate that preschoolers have a key strategy for assessing the reliability of information.
Hierarchical Ensemble Clustering

Ensemble clustering has emerged as an important elaboration of the classical clustering problems. Ensemble clustering refers to the situation in which a number of different (input) clusterings have been obtained for a particular dataset and it is desired to find a single (consensus) clustering which is a better fit in some sense than the existing clusterings. Many approaches have been developed to solve ensemble clustering problems over the last few years. However, most of these ensemble techniques are designed for partitional clustering methods. Few research efforts have been reported for ensemble hierarchical clustering methods. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical ensemble clustering framework which can naturally combine both partitional clustering and hierarchical clustering results. We notice the importance of ultra-metric distance for hierarchical clustering and propose a novel method for learning the ultra-metric distance from the aggregated distance matrices and generating final hierarchical clustering with enhanced cluster separation. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approaches.
The Debate over African American Reparations

This article offers an overview of the debate over reparations for African Americans in the United States. We state the point in this way because there is little consensus about the cause of action for which reparations are sought, whether for slavery or segregation; for that matter, there is little agreement on the type of remedy reparations might effect. This raises the question of political mobilization for and popular views of reparations for African Americans. It is well known that whites and African Americans have very different perspectives on this issue. We seek to address the underlying reasons for and significance of this dissensus, stressing peculiarities of American political culture. Less discussed, however, have been the consequences for the reparations debate of recent historical developments in the United States—in particular, the election of Barack Obama as president of the United States. In addition to assessing the significance of these developments for the debate over reparations, we p...
Rank one phase error estimation for range-Doppler imaging

A range-Doppler image is corrupted when each pulse in the corresponding range-time array contains a single time-dependent phase error. A previously devised algorithm, the rank one phase estimation (ROPE) technique developed by F. Dyson, et al. (1992), estimates the phase errors, which are then removed so that range-Doppler imaging can proceed in the usual manner. The iterative algorithm works homogeneously across the two-dimensional range-time array (no bright scatterers are necessary for focusing). The estimation technique is model based, but image recovery is successful for many images that do not fit the model. Extensions of both theory and application of the previously devised algorithm are presented. Theoretical insights pertaining to convergence, initialization, optimality, and recovery for images that do not fit the model are presented. Several examples, drawn from simulations, postmission corrupted field data, and field data that are intrinsically corrupted, are also contained herein.
Antihydrogen and fundamental symmetries

The prospects for testing CPT invariance and the weak equivalence principle (WEP) for antimatter with spectroscopic measurements on antihydrogen are discussed. The potential precisions of these tests are compared with those from other measurements.
Correlates of restraint use in an institutional population: a replication

Background Reducing inappropriate restraint is an important mission of services for people with intellectual disabilities (IDs). Methods In this study, 52 clients who had been restrained were compared with 52 other clients, individually matched on age, gender and level of IDs. Participants were mostly adults with severe and profound IDs in an institutional setting. Results The two groups differed on six Diagnostic Assessment for the Severely Handicapped-II (DASH-II) and three Aberrant Behaviour Checklist (ABC) scales. However, discriminant functional analysis demonstrated that only DASH-II Impulse control disorder and ABC Irritability and Elimination disorder scores predicted group membership but only moderately. Conclusions Individual differences in maladaptive behaviours were only moderately predictive of restraint use.
Introduction to computer theory

From the Publisher: This text strikes a good balance between rigor and an intuitive approach to computer theory. Covers all the topics needed by computer scientists with a sometimes humorous approach that reviewers found "refreshing". It is easy to read and the coverage of mathematics is fairly simple so readers do not have to worry about proving theorems.
Results From Development of Model Specifications for Multifamily Energy Retrofits

Specifications, modeled after CSI MasterFormat, provide the trade contractors and builders with requirements and recommendations on specific building materials, components and industry practices that comply with the expectations and intent of the requirements within the various funding programs associated with a project. The goal is to create a greater level of consistency in execution of energy efficiency retrofits measures across the multiple regions a developer may work. IBACOS and Mercy Housing developed sample model specifications based on a common building construction type that Mercy Housing encounters.
Homogeneous expression of the P(BAD) promoter in Escherichia coli by constitutive expression of the low-affinity high-capacity AraE transporter.

Genes placed under the control of the arabinose-inducible araBAD promoter (PBAD) of Escherichia coli are expressed in an all-or-none fashion, in which the percentage of induced cells in the population, rather than the degree of induction in individual cells, varies with the concentration of arabinose in the culture medium. Previous work showed that all-or-none gene expression from PBAD was due to the arabinose-dependent expression of the gene encoding the low-affinity high-capacity transporter (araE), and that expression of heterologous genes from PBAD in individual cells could be regulated by placing the araE gene under control of an arabinose-independent promoter. Based on these results, two expression systems were developed to allow regulatable control of genes under control of PBAD. In one system, the native araE promoter on the chromosome was replaced by constitutive promoters of different strengths. In the second system, the araE gene under control of the same constitutive promoters was placed on a medium-copy plasmid. Both systems allow regulatable expression of a plasmid-borne PBAD-controlled heterologous gene and a homogeneous population of cells over a wide range of arabinose concentrations. While the degree of induction varied slightly with the strength of the constitutive promoter, expression was affected most by the arabinose concentration.
Evaluating Placement and Developmental Studies Programs at a Technical Institute: Using ACT's Underprepared Student Follow-up Report

Many two-year institutions use the ASSET-a student success system developed by the American College Testing Program (ACT) for community college student advising, placement, and retention. The autho...
Temperature dependency of force loss and Ca2+homeostasis in mouse EDL muscle after eccentric contractions

The goals of this study were first to determine the effect of temperature on the force loss that results from eccentric contractions in mouse extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles and then to eva...
Noncoherent decision feedback multiuser detection: optimality, performance bounds, and rules for ordering users

An analytical framework for noncoherent decision feedback detection is introduced while considering nonorthogonal binary modulation (NBM) over the synchronous Gaussian K-user channel. Following the key idea of noncoherent decorrelating decision feedback detection (NC-DDFD) proposed previously, a K-parameter class of NC-DDFDs is defined. The symmetric energy measure is defined as the worst-case (over users) asymptotic effective energy for noncoherent detection. Without making any simplifying assumption about error propagation, the NC-DDFD that optimizes symmetric energy among the K parameter class of detectors is derived. Since the NC-DDFD based on the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) belongs to the K-parameter class of NC-DDFDs, the optimum NC-DDFD outperforms the GLRT based NC-DDFD in symmetric energy. Like the latter detector, the optimum NC-DDFD does not require the knowledge of the energies or phases of any of the users' transmissions. Exact expressions for symmetric energy and upper and lower bounds for symbol error rate (SER) and asymptotic effective energies are obtained for the optimum NC-DDFD. Rules for ordering users are obtained that guarantee that the optimum NC-DDFD can user-wise outperform a parallel bank of post-decorrelative GLRT detectors.
Caregiving tasks and training interest of family caregivers of medically ill homebound older adults.

Objectives: This study assessed the caregiving activities and training interests of family caregivers of medically ill older adults without dementia who receive home health care. Methods: Participa...
Influence of clearcut logging, flow duration, and season on emergent aquatic insects in headwater streams of the Central Oregon Coast Range

We measured the effects of timber-harvest condition (clearcut and forested) and flow duration (perennial and intermittent) on emergent aquatic insect assemblages at 20 headwater streams in the Central Oregon Coast Range. Clearcut streams had been logged to the stream banks within 2 y prior to the start of our study. Adult aquatic insects were sampled from a 40-m reach at each study stream in 3 seasons: summer, autumn, and spring. Emergent insects were strong indicators of harvest condition and, regardless of flow duration or season, more aquatic insects emerged from streams in clearcut catchments than in forested catchments. Plecoptera had higher emergence rates from intermittent streams than from perennial streams in spring. Functional feeding group composition was not apparently affected by harvest condition or flow duration. Taxon richness was slightly higher at clearcut than at forested streams, primarily because of the occurrence of rare taxa at clearcut streams. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMS) ordination of emergent aquatic insect assemblages showed community patterns that varied by season and harvest condition, but little by flow duration. Stream canopy % cover, stand age, logging debris (% slash), and substrate composition differed between clearcut and forested streams and were strongly correlated with NMS axes. Taxa that responded to conditions created by logging, such as % slash or canopy opening, contributed to differences in assemblages between headwater streams flowing through clearcut and forested catchments.
Perceptions of companion dog benefits on well-being of US military veterans with HIV/AIDS.

Objectives Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) frequently experience psychosocial complications in addition to physical illness. Conflicting data on the value of companion dog ownership in minimizing psychosocial distress suggest the need for more research in this field. This study helps to clarify and expand upon previous research on perceived well-being among patients with HIV/AIDS, specifically as it relates to how owning dogs influences the well-being of US military veterans living with HIV/AIDS. Methods Twenty-nine male veterans with a mean age of 52 years who reported having owned a dog since being diagnosed as having HIV/AIDS completed semistructured interviews regarding pet ownership and perceived well-being. Participants also completed a brief survey describing their pets and rating scales that assessed symptoms of depression (nine-question Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and the extent of attachment to their pets (Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale). Descriptive statistics were completed and interview responses were transcribed and examined qualitatively for key themes. Results The mean Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score of 8.9 (median score of 6) was consistent with mild depressive symptoms, and the mean Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale score was 83.2, indicative of high attachment to one's dog. Veterans reported walking their dogs a mean of 49 minutes/day. Qualitative analysis of the interviews showed that having HIV/AIDS interfered with well-being in three main ways (emotional burden, physical condition, and social isolation). Owning dogs enhanced perceived well-being in four ways (physical activity, companionship, responsibility, and stress reduction). Conclusions Twenty-eight of the 29 participants (97%) reported that owning dogs was a positive experience. Overall, this study suggests that veterans with HIV/AIDS who own companion dogs believe that it improves their well-being.
Countable models of ℵ1-categorical theories

Countable models of ℵ1-categorical theories are classified. It is shown that such a theory has only a countable number of nonisomorphic countable models.
Practical resilient cases for FA-MPI, a transactional fault-tolerant MPI

MPI is insufficient when confronting failures. FA-MPI (Fault-Aware MPI) provides extensions to the MPI standard designed to enable data-parallel applications to achieve resilience without sacrificing scalability. FA-MPI introduces transactions as a novel extension to the MPI message-passing model. Transactions support failure detection, isolation, mitigation, and recovery via application-driven policies. To achieve maximum achievable performance of modern machines, overlapping communication and I/O with computation through non-blocking operations is of growing importance. Therefore, we emphasize fault-tolerant, non-blocking communication operations plus a set of nestable lightweight transactional TryBlock API extensions able to exploit system and application hierarchy. This strategy enables applications to run to completion with higher probability than nominally. We modified two proxy applications---MiniFE and LULESH---by adding FA-MPI semantics to them. Finally we present performance and overhead results for 1K MPI processes.
Plasma blob generation due to cooperative elliptic instability.

Using fast-camera measurements the generation mechanism of plasma blobs is investigated in the linear device CSDX. During the ejection of plasma blobs the plasma is dominated by an $m=1$ mode, which is a counterrotating vortex pair. These flows are known to be subject to the cooperative elliptic instability, which is characterized by a cooperative disturbance of the vortex cores and results in a three-dimensional breakdown of two-dimensional flows. The first experimental evidence of a cooperative elliptic instability preceding the blob-ejection is provided in terms of the qualitative evolution of the vortex geometries and internal wave patterns.
Education at the Edge of Empire: Negotiating Pueblo Identity in New Mexico’s Indian Boarding Schools . By John R. Gram.

Education at the Edge of Empire: Negotiating Pueblo Identity in New Mexico’s Indian Boarding Schools . Indigenous Confluences Series. By John R. Gram. Foreword by Theodore Jojola. (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2015. xviii + 242 pp. Illustrations, tables, appendix, notes, bibliography, index. $45.00.) This is not your typical book about Indian schools. John R. Gram uses newly available primary source materials and the very best of the existing literature on American Indian schools to show the importance of thinking—at least in New Mexico—about how these schools and their students exist, persist, and thrive on the edge of the American empire. This work situates the Indian schools in Albuquerque (AIS) and Santa Fe (SFIS) in the historical context of changes in the region. Gram’s study looks at … Brian.collier{at}nd.edu
Attitude Monitoring System for High Voltage Electric Power Live Line Working Manipulator

In order to solve problems of posture monitoring for high-voltage electric power live line working manipulator, we presented a posture monitoring system and an algorithm based on quaternion. Firstly, the posture monitoring units including accelerometer, gyroscope, geomagnetism and Zigbee wireless communication unit, are installed on an arbitrary space of each joints of high-voltage electric power live line working manipulator, relying on the quaternion algorithm, the space angles of each joints can be measured accurately and transmitted to monitoring terminal through Zigbee concurrently. Then, only following simple trigonometric function and iterative analysis, the real-time position analysis of each joints could be obtained and displayed in real time. Finally, taking the Grips manipulator for example, which is made by Kraft Corp, we established a dynamic model based on the quaternion and achieved the simulation. Simulation results verify that the measuring accuracy of the system and algorithm is as high as 0.05°, and the computation time is shortened to 1 ms. Simulation results verify the validity and high efficiency of the system and the algorithm.
CDE: run any Linux application on-demand without installation

There is a huge ecosystem of free software for Linux, but since each Linux distribution (distro) contains a different set of pre-installed shared libraries, filesystem layout conventions, and other environmental state, it is difficult to create and distribute software that works without hassle across all distros. Online forums and mailing lists are filled with discussions of users' troubles with compiling, installing, and configuring Linux software and their myriad of dependencies. To address this ubiquitous problem, we have created an open-source tool called CDE that automatically packages up the Code, Data, and Environment required to run a set of ×86-Linux programs on other ×86-Linux machines. Creating a CDE package is as simple as running the target application under CDE's monitoring, and executing a CDE package requires no installation, configuration, or root permissions. CDE enables Linux users to instantly run any application on-demand without encountering "dependency hell".
Analytical Electron-Microscopy Study of the Breakdown of α-Al2O3 Scales Formed on Oxide Dispersion-Strengthened Alloys

Alumina scales formed during cyclic oxidation at 1200°C on three Y2O3–Al2O3-dispersed alloys: Ni3Al, β-NiAl, and FeCrAl (Inco alloy MA956) were characterized. In each case, the Y2O3 dispersion improved the α-Al2O3 scale adhesion, but in the case of Ni3Al, an external Ni-rich oxide spalled and regrew, indicating a less-adherent scale. A scanning-transmission electron microscope (STEM) analysis of the scale near the metal–scale interface revealed that the scale formed an ODS FeCrAl showed no base metal-oxide formation. However, the scale formed on ODS Ni3Al showed evidence of cracking and Ni-rich oxides were observed. The microstructures and mechanisms discussed may be relevant to a thermal-barrier coating with an Al-depleted aluminide bond coat nearing failure.
Disconnections and other defects associated with twin interfaces

Abstract The general topological model for interfacial defects is reviewed and expanded, and the role of these defects in the coupled shear - migration of interfaces is explored. We focus on twinning in hexagonal metals for many defect examples. The definition of shuffles within the topological model is presented. The concept of partitioning of the rotational component of elastic distortions at a grain boundary or interphase interface has recently been elucidated. This work shows that rotational coherency has an important role in twinning. The role of disconnections in type II twins is presented.
Scaling-up in the Country Program Strategies of International Aid Agencies An Assessment of the African Development Bank’s Country Strategy Papers

Scaling up the impact of interventions for maximum sustained development results should be a primary objective of international aid organizations. This article reports on a review of the African Development Bank’s (AfDB) country strategy papers (CSPs) from a scaling-up perspective. It concludes, based on a sample of strategy and supporting documents, that the AfDB’s CSPs do not focus systematically on scaling up the impact of the projects and programs that this multilateral development bank supports. This is not surprising, since the AfDB’s corporate strategy, policies, and processes do not explicitly focus on scaling up. However, the review also concludes that key elements of a scaling-up approach are found in the AfDB’s CSPs. If they were systematically applied across the board, AfDB could readily turn its CSPs into effective scaling-up strategies.
Aponeurotic Ptosis Repair under Local Anesthesia: Prediction of Results from Operative Lid Height

The unpredictability of acquired ptosis repair is a difficult problem. Aponeurotic ptosis repair may be performed under local anesthesia, and past reports have suggested that operative lid position may be used to predict the final result. The authors prospectively studied 20 aponeurotic repairs under local anesthesia for patients with acquired ptosis and normal levator function. Photographs were taken during surgery, 1 week after surgery, and 3 months after surgery. Statistical analysis of vertical lid fissure measurements demonstrated a linear relationship between operative lid position and the 3-month result. When operative lid height was significantly greater than 10 mm, then a slight postoperative rise was observed, but when operative lid height was significantly less than 10 mm, then a slight postoperative fall was observed. Lid position at 1 week proved to be an excellent predictor of the 3-month result, establishing a reasonable basis for intervention in cases of overcorrection or undercorrection.