cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
How do cancer patients navigate the public information environment? Understanding patterns and motivations for movement among information sources.

Little is known about how patients move among information sources to fulfill unmet needs. We interviewed 43 breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer patients. Using a grounded theory approach, we identified patterns and motivations for movement among information sources. Overall, patients reported using one source (e.g., newspaper) followed by the use of another source (e.g., Internet), and five key motivations for such cross-source movement emerged. Patients’ social networks often played a central role in this movement. Understanding how patients navigate an increasingly complex information environment may help clinicians and educators to guide patients to appropriate, high-quality sources.
Immunological responses of mice and cattle to baculovirus-expressed F and H proteins of rinderpest virus: lack of protection in the presence of neutralizing antibody.

Abstract Rinderpest is a highly contagious viral disease of ruminants and has greater than 95% morbidity and mortality. The etiological agent, rinderpest virus (RPV), is a member of the family Paramyxoviridae and the genus Morbillivirus. Immune responses to both the hemagglutinin (H) and the fusion (F) antigens of morbilliviruses play an important role in the prevention of infection, and only attenuated live vaccines have been shown to provide protective immunity against the group. The lack of protection with inactivated vaccines has been attributed to the denaturation of the F glycoprotein of the virus. Our previous study, however, demonstrated complete protection of cattle vaccinated with infectious vaccinia virus recombinants expressing the H (vRVH) or F (vRVF) protein alone, even in the presence of only 4 U of serum-neutralizing (SN) antibody to RPV (T. Yilma, D. Hsu, L. Jones, S. Owens, M. Grubman, C. Mebus, M. Yamanaka, and B. Dale, Science 242:1058-1061, 1988). We have constructed recombinant baculoviruses that express the F (Fb) and H (Hb) glycoproteins of RPV. Furthermore, we have analyzed the immune responses of mice and cattle to these antigens. Cattle vaccinated with Fb or Hb or a mixture of both antigens were not protected from challenge inoculation with RPV, even when the SN titer was greater than in cattle vaccinated with vRVF alone. This lack of protection, in the presence of SN antibody, would indicate that live attenuated and recombinant vaccines induce immune responses necessary for protection (e.g., cell-mediated immunity) that are not generated by subunit or inactivated whole-virus vaccines.
Ubiquitous transcription factors display structural plasticity and diverse functions: NusG proteins - Shifting shapes and paradigms.

Numerous accessory factors modulate RNA polymerase response to regulatory signals and cellular cues and establish communications with co-transcriptional RNA processing. Transcription regulators are astonishingly diverse, with similar mechanisms arising via convergent evolution. NusG/Spt5 elongation factors comprise the only universally conserved and ancient family of regulators. They bind to the conserved clamp helices domain of RNA polymerase, which also interacts with non-homologous initiation factors in all domains of life, and reach across the DNA channel to form processivity clamps that enable uninterrupted RNA chain synthesis. In addition to this ubiquitous function, NusG homologs exert diverse, and sometimes opposite, effects on gene expression by competing with each other and other regulators for binding to the clamp helices and by recruiting auxiliary factors that facilitate termination, antitermination, splicing, translation, etc. This surprisingly diverse range of activities and the underlying unprecedented structural changes make studies of these “transformer” proteins both challenging and rewarding.
Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers: a long road from bench to bedside.

In Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Vol. 24, No. 4, Stefan, Uys, and Wessels [1], report on using a hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC) as a bridge in a 2-year-old child with sickle cell diseas...
Ureteral reimplantation before bladder neck plasty in the reconstruction of bladder exstrophy: indications and outcomes

Abstract Objectives After initial closure, all exstrophy patients have vesicoureteral reflux. This reflux is usually managed with antimicrobial prophylaxis, surveillance, and ureteral reimplantation concurrent with bladder neck plasty. Patients with recurrent urinary tract infections or worsening hydronephrosis may require earlier correction of reflux. This subset of patients was reviewed to determine the ability to correct reflux adequately, the difficulty with subsequent bladder neck plasty, and the long-term continence results. Methods We reviewed an exstrophy database of more than 700 patients and identified 19 who underwent ureteral reimplantation independent of bladder neck plasty. All had undergone bladder closure in infancy. Eleven had since undergone modified Young-Dees-Leadbetter bladder neck plasty. Five patients were awaiting bladder neck reconstruction, 2 girls were continent without bladder neck plasty, and one had undergone augmentation. Results Indications for early ureteral reimplant were recurrent febrile infections despite adequate prophylaxis (n = 15) or worsening hydronephrosis on follow-up (n = 4). In the 11 patients who had undergone subsequent bladder neck repair, prior reimplantation did not increase the operative difficulty or complications. The continence results among these 11 were comparable with those in patients without prior reimplantation. In 1 patient, reflux recurred and was corrected at the time of bladder neck plasty. None had further urinary tract infections, and hydronephrosis improved in three and stabilized in one. Conclusions In patients who present with recurrent infections or worsening hydronephrosis after initial exstrophy closure, early reimplantation can be undertaken. If performed with later bladder neck plasty in mind, the surgical treatment of incontinence is not compromised and recurrent infections and upper tract changes will be abated.
The Role of Cognitive Development in Mezirow’s Transformational Learning Theory

The link between development and learning is explicit in Mezirow’s theory of transformational learning. Indeed, numerous studies have documented that growth and development are outcomes of transfor...
Patient Safety Across Disciplines: Radiation Oncology Incident Learning System

The Radiation Oncology Incident Learning System is a national error reporting system that is voluntary and confidential. Participants collect and analyze their data, then institute corrective actions so that true incident learning takes place.
Aberrant Vimentin Methylation Is Characteristic of Upper Gastrointestinal Pathologies

Background: We have previously established aberrant DNA methylation of vimentin exon-1 (VIM methylation) as a common epigenetic event in colon cancer and as a biomarker for detecting colon neoplasia. We now examine vimentin methylation in neoplasia of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Methods: Using a quantitative real-time methylation-specific PCR assay, we tested for vimentin methylation in archival specimens of esophageal and gastric neoplasia. Results: We find that acquisition of aberrant vimentin methylation is highly common in these neoplasms, but largely absent in controls. The highest frequency of vimentin methylation was detected in lesions of the distal esophagus, including 91% of Barrett's esophagus ( n = 11), 100% of high-grade dysplasia (HGD, n = 5), and 81% of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC, n = 26) but absent in controls ( n = 9). Vimentin methylation similarly was detected in 87% of signet ring ( n = 15) and 53% of intestinal type gastric cancers ( n = 17). Moreover, in tests of cytology brushings vimentin methylation proved detectable in 100% of Barrett's esophagus cases ( n = 7), 100% of HGD cases ( n = 4), and 83% of EAC cases ( n = 18) but was absent in all controls ( n = 5). Conclusions: These findings establish aberrant vimentin methylation as a highly common epigenetic alteration in neoplasia of the upper gastrointestinal tract and show that Barrett's esophagus, even without dysplasia, already contains epigenetic alterations characteristic of adenocarcinoma. Impact: These findings suggest vimentin methylation as a biomarker of upper gastrointestinal neoplasia with potential for development as molecular cytology in esophageal screening. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(4); 594–600. ©2012 AACR . This article is featured in Highlights of This Issue, [p. 569][1] [1]: /lookup/volpage/21/569?iss=4
Novel molecular descriptor for structure—property studies

Abstract We report on a novel molecular descriptor for the study of structure—property relationships which appears to complement existing molecular descriptors. The descriptor is derived from a matrix associated with molecular graph, the entries of which are related to the Wiener number. Use of the novel descriptor is illustrated in a correlation with the molecular surface areas in heptane isomers.
Inter-domain adaptive traffic engineering for IP differentiated services MPLS-based networks

With the dramatic increase of the capacity of the Internet core, it has become an inherently challenging task to provide strict delay bound guarantees to applications such as multimedia, voice over IP, interactive distance learning, and interactive distribution simulations such as those based on distributed interactive virtual environments. The provision of a seamless integration of these applications into the broadband networks has been a subject of intensive research for the last few years. In addition, with the globalization of the telecommunications markets, service providers are deemed to inter-operate, cooperate, and possibly compete to ensure that over all performance metrics are met. We propose an intelligent traffic engineering approach in a differentiated services model for end-to-end packet delay assurance in an interdomain environment assuming an underlying multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) network infrastructure.
Crisis Management: Challenge and Controversy in Forest Service History

Crisis management: challenge and controversy in Forest Service history. DOI:10.2458/azu_rangelands_v27i3_miller
Interpretation of Transverse Profiles to Determine the Source of Rutting Within an Asphalt Pavement System

The transverse profilograph has been recognized as one of the most accurate devices for the measurement of rut depth. However, interpretation of surface transverse profile measurements poses a major challenge in determining the contributions of the different layers to rutting. A literature review has shown that the actual rutting mechanism can be estimated from a surface transverse profile for determination of the relative contribution of the layers to rutting. Unfortunately, much of the research yielded no verification or data. In addition, some techniques presented cannot be used if the rut depth is not well pronounced. Other techniques may be costly and time-consuming. The present research developed an approach that integrates (a) falling weight deflectometer and core data along with 3.6-m transverse profile measurements to assess the contributions of different pavement layers to rutting and (b) identifies the presence (or absence) of instability within the asphalt surface layer. This approach can be used regardless of the magnitude of the rut depth. On the basis of the analysis conducted, absolute rut depth should not be used to interpret the performance of the asphalt mixture. In addition, continued instability may not result in an increase in rut depth because the rutted basin broadens as traffic wander compacts or moves the dilated portion of the mixture. The approach developed appears to provide a reasonable way to distinguish between different sources of rutting. The conclusions drawn from analysis of the approach agreed well with observations from the trench cuts taken from four sections.
Longitudinal Plasmonic Detection of Glucose Using Gold Nanorods

Gold nanorod-based affinity sensors were developed utilizing concanavalin-A/dextran/glucose chemistry to detect glucose. The gold nanorods, synthesized using the seed-mediated method, were first coated with dextran sulfate. The dextran sulfate coating changed the local refractive index, which was observed as a red shift in the longitudinal plasmon band. After the addition of 8 μM concanavalin-A, gold nanorod aggregates were formed as shown by TEM analysis. The corresponding UV-Vis spectrum peak wavelength showed a red shift from 701 nm of dextran sulfate coated gold nanorods to 718 nm of concanavalin-A promoted gold nanorod aggregates. The gold nanorod aggregates were dissociated when 12 mM glucose was introduced, as illustrated by TEM images. The longitudinal plasmon resonance of the UV-Vis spectrum also showed a blue shift from 718 nm of dextran sulfate-coated gold nanorods associated by concanavalin-A to 714 nm of dissociated dextran sulfate-coated gold nanorods. The degree of the spectrum peak wavelen...
Common Sonographic Findings in the Painful Hip After Hip Arthroplasty

Diagnosing the cause of hip pain in patients with hip arthroplasty can be challenging because of the numerous possible causes of pain and artifacts caused by the prosthetic components on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Sonography plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of these patients because the soft tissues surrounding the prosthetic joint are not obscured by artifacts and because sonography enables hands-on examination of the painful site, dynamic evaluation of moving structures, and comparison with the opposite side. Another advantage of sonography is the ability to perform sonographically guided diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. In this pictorial essay, we highlight commonly encountered sonographic findings in patients with hip pain after hip arthroplasty.
Disturbance-Adaptive Stochastic Optimal Control of Energy Harvesters, with Application to Ocean Wave Energy Conversion

Abstract This paper proposes a technique for optimizing the power generated from stationary stochastic vibratory disturbances, using a resonant energy harvester. Although the theory is general, the target application of the paper concerns ocean wave energy harvesting. The control technique involves the use of a causal discrete-time feedback algorithm to dynamically optimize the power extracted from the waves. The theory assumes that the input impedance of the harvester is known precisely, but that a priori models are unavailable for the characterization of the stochastic behavior of the incident waves as well as the transfer functions characterizing their hydrodynamic excitation of the system. For these assumptions, we develop an adaptive control technique, which adapts the feedback law at each time step based on updated estimates for the stochastic disturbance model, obtained through a subspace-based system identification algorithm. The technique is demonstrated on a simulation example pertaining to a cylindrical surface-floating wave energy converter in heave.
Effect of certain compounds on in vitro degradation of serotonin by ceruloplasmin.

SummaryIn an in vitro test system at pH 7.4 it was found that degradation of serotonin by ceruloplasmin was markedly inhibited by sodium metabisulfite, ascorbic acid, glutathione, BAL, isoniazid, iproniazid, hydralazine, an analog of hydralazine (Ba-20523), isocarboxazid, thiocarbohydrazide, hydrazine hydrate, syrosingopine (Su-3118) and its isomer, Su-5171. Lesser effects were produced by reserpine, tetraethylammonium chloride, and a thiazide diuretic (Su-7075). A number of other sulfhydryl containing, chelating, anti-hypertension, and psychopharmacologic agents were without effect in the test system employed. It was not possible to correlate reaction inhibition with simple presence of sulfhydryl groups, the hydrazine nucleus, or with monoamine oxidase and diamine oxidase inhibition.The authors wish to express their appreciation to Mrs. Claire Graff and Miss Faye Baldwin for technical assistance during these studies.
Compressed natural gas as a feasible replacement fuel for U.S. transportation

There has been much attention for many years on reducing U.S. fuel imports in order to improve energy independence. The transportation sector is one of the most important components with its share of 28% of total U.S. energy consumption. In this research, compressed natural gas (CNG) is examined as an alternative fuel for the U.S. transportation sector. To be able to answer this question it is essential to understand both the supply and demand sides of the problem. This research aims to exhibit the availability and adequacy of CNG as a full or partial fuel replacement for U.S. transportation sector needs, the factors that prevent CNG from being a widely used transportation fuel, the cost–benefit of using CNG as a vehicle fuel, and feasible changes to make CNG more cost effective. In conjunction with putting forth this information for consideration, the best short- and long-term scenarios for CNG use in the transportation sector, provided through the application of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), is prop...
Getting Started with Zoltan: a Short Tutorial ?

The Zoltan library is a toolkit of parallel combinatorial algorithms for unstructured and/or adaptive computations. In this paper, we briefly describe the most significant tools in Zoltan: dynamic partitioning, graph coloring and ordering. We also describe how to obtain, build, and use Zoltan in parallel applications.
Technology and the Arts: Educational Encounters of the Third Kind

This review of integrative technology-arts education discusses STEM versus STEAM; the push for teaching kids to code; and how various tools, programs, and initiatives are introducing a new generation of students to a 21st century liberal arts education.
Statistically Applied Non-Uniformity Correction (SANUC)

Photo-detector arrays have imperfections that cause response differences between pixels, incurring a need for Non- Uniformity Correction (NUC) to be normalized. Static Scene Statistical Non-Uniformity Correction (S3NUC) was developed as method that takes advantage of higher order statistical moments to achieve NUC without the use of dedicated calibration hardware, and without sacrificing accuracy. Data in a photo-detector array is modeled as a Poisson random process that is changed by a system gain, bias, and readout noise. While successful, the first iteration of this method relied on higher order moments to reach an overdetermined system of equations that allows the noise to be recovered. Because the third moment is relied upon for a solution, a very large data set with high calculation time is required. By treating the statistics of one Poisson data set as proportional to the integration time, the number of variables can be reduced and allow for a perfectly determined system that relies only on the mean and variance of the data. This assumption is particularly well suited for space object detection, where the scene is stationary enough for two data sets to be collected which vary only by controlled integration time. This new algorithm is tested against the S3NUC algorithm in simulated data to find the errors in noise recovery with respect to the size of the data set. This new SANUC algorithm will be compared in speed in calculation and error in the recovered gain, bias, and readout noise.
A route for a strong increase of critical current in nanostrained iron-based superconductors.

The critical temperature Tc and the critical current density Jc determine the limits to large-scale superconductor applications. Superconductivity emerges at Tc. The practical current-carrying capability, measured by Jc, is the ability of defects in superconductors to pin the magnetic vortices, and that may reduce Tc. Simultaneous increase of Tc and Jc in superconductors is desirable but very difficult to realize. Here we demonstrate a route to raise both Tc and Jc together in iron-based superconductors. By using low-energy proton irradiation, we create cascade defects in FeSe0.5Te0.5 films. Tc is enhanced due to the nanoscale compressive strain and proximity effect, whereas Jc is doubled under zero field at 4.2 K through strong vortex pinning by the cascade defects and surrounding nanoscale strain. At 12 K and above 15 T, one order of magnitude of Jc enhancement is achieved in both parallel and perpendicular magnetic fields to the film surface. Simultaneous increase of critical temperature and critical current in superconductors is desirable for application purpose, but very difficult to realize. Here, Ozaki et al. report a simultaneous enhancement of Tc and Jc in FeSe0.5Te0.5films with cascade defects produced by low-energy proton irradiation.
Speaker independent diarization for child language environment analysis using deep neural networks

Large-scale monitoring of the child language environment through measuring the amount of speech directed to the child by other children and adults during a vocal communication is an important task. Using the audio extracted from a recording unit worn by a child within a childcare center, at each point in time our proposed diarization system can determine the content of the child's language environment, by categorizing the audio content into one of the four major categories, namely (1) speech initiated by the child wearing the recording unit, speech originated by other (2) children or (3) adults and directed at the primary child, and (4) non-speech contents. In this study, we exploit complex Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) with multiple states to model the temporal dependencies between different sources of acoustic variability and estimate the HMM state output probabilities using deep neural networks as a discriminative modeling approach. The proposed system is robust against common diarization errors caused by rapid turn takings, between class similarities, and background noise without the need to prior clustering techniques. The experimental results confirm that this approach outperforms the state-of-the-art Gaussian mixture model based diarization without the need for bottom-up clustering and leads to 22.24% relative error reduction.
Improving prediction of compound function from chemical structure using chemical-genetic networks

The drug discovery process can be significantly improved through understanding how the structure of chemical compounds relates to their function. A common paradigm that has been used to filter and prioritize compounds is ligand-based virtual screening, where large libraries of compounds are queried for high structural similarity to a target molecule, with the assumption that structural similarity is predictive of similar biological activity. Although the chemical informatics community has already proposed a wide range of structure descriptors and similarity coefficients, a major challenge has been the lack of systematic and unbiased benchmarks for biological activity that covers a broad range of targets to definitively assess the performance of the alternative approaches. We leveraged a large set of chemical-genetic interaction data from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that our labs have recently generated, covering more than 13,000 compounds from the RIKEN NPDepo and several NCI, NIH, and GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) compound collections. Supportive of the idea that chemical-genetic interaction data provide an unbiased proxy for biological functions, we found that many commonly used structural similarity measures were able to predict the compounds that exhibited similar chemical-genetic interaction profiles, although these measures did exhibit significant differences in performance. Using the chemical-genetic interaction profiles as a basis for our evaluation, we performed a systematic benchmarking of 10 different structure descriptors, each combined with 12 different similarity coefficients. We found that the All-Shortest Path (ASP) structure descriptor paired with the Braun-Blanquet similarity coefficient provided superior performance that was robust across several different compound collections. We further describe a machine learning approach that improves the ability of the ASP metric to capture biological activity. We used the ASP fingerprints as input for several supervised machine learning models and the chemical-genetic interaction profiles as the standard for learning. We found that the predictive power of the ASP fingerprints (as well as several other descriptors) could be substantially improved by using support vector machines. For example, on held-out data, we measured a 5-fold improvement in the recall of biologically similar compounds at a precision of 50% based upon the ASP fingerprints. Our results generally suggest that using high-dimensional chemical-genetic data as a basis for refining chemical structure descriptors can be a powerful approach to improving prediction of biological function from structure. Keywords: chemical-genetic network, chemical structure, molecular descriptor, structural similarity, virtual screening, and machine learning
SMG-1 kinase attenuates mitochondrial ROS production but not cell respiration deficits during hyperoxia.

Purpose: Supplemental oxygen (hyperoxia) used to treat individuals in respiratory distress causes cell injury by enhancing the production of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibiting mitoc...
Parallel Preconditioners for KKT Systems Arising in Optimal Control of Viscous Incompressible Flows

This chapter proposes a preconditioner for the “Karush-Kuhn-Tucker” (KKT) system based on a reduced space quasi-Newton algorithm. Battermann and Heinkenschloss have also suggested a preconditioner that is motivated by reduced methods. As in reduced quasi-Newton algorithms, the new preconditioner requires just two linearized flow solves per iteration, but permits the fast convergence associated with full Newton methods. Furthermore, the two flow solves can be approximate, for example using any appropriate flow preconditioner. Finally, the resulting full space sequential quadratic programming (SQP) parallelizes and scales as well as the flow solver itself. The method presented in this chapter is inspired by the domain-decomposed Schur complement algorithms. In these techniques, reduction onto the interface space requires exact subdomain solves, so one often prefers to iterate within the full space while using a preconditioner based on approximate subdomain solution. Here, decomposition is performed into states and controls, as opposed to subdomain and interface spaces.
Genomic regions associated with host response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome vaccination and co-infection in nursery pigs.

The WUR1000125 (WUR) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) can be used as a genetic marker for host response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), PRRS vaccination, and co-infection with porcine circovirus type 2b (PCV2b). Objectives of this study were to identify genomic regions other than WUR associated with host response to PRRS vaccination and PRRSV/PCV2b co-infection and regions with a different effect on host response to co-infection, depending on previous vaccination for PRRS. Commercial crossbred nursery pigs were pre-selected for WUR genotype (n = 171 AA and 198 AB pigs) where B is the dominant and favorable allele. Half of the pigs were vaccinated for PRRS and 4 weeks later, all pigs were co-infected with PRRS virus and PCV2b. Average daily gain (ADG) and viral load (VL) were quantified post vaccination (Post Vx) and post co-infection (Post Co-X). Single-SNP genome-wide association analyses were then conducted to identify genomic regions associated with response to vaccination and co-infection. Multiple SNPs near the major histocompatibility complex were significantly associated with PCV2b VL (−log 10 P ≥ 5.5), regardless of prior vaccination for PRRS. Several SNPs were also significantly associated with ADG Post Vx and Post Co-X. SNPs with a different effect on ADG, depending on prior vaccination for PRRS, were identified Post Vx (−log 10 P = 5.6) and Post Co-X (−log 10 P = 5.5). No SNPs were significantly associated with vaccination VL (−log10 P ≤ 4.7) or PRRS VL (−log10 P ≤ 4.3). Genes near SNPs associated with vaccination VL, PRRS VL, and PCV2b VL were enriched (P ≤ 0.01) for immune-related pathways and genes near SNPs associated with ADG were enriched for metabolism pathways (P ≤ 0.04). SNPs associated with vaccination VL, PRRS VL, and PCV2b VL showed overrepresentation of health QTL identified in previous studies and SNPs associated with ADG Post Vx of Non-Vx pigs showed overrepresentation of growth QTL. Multiple genomic regions were associated with PCV2b VL and ADG Post Vx and Post Co-X. Different SNPs were associated with ADG, depending on previous vaccination for PRRS. Results of functional annotation analyses and novel approaches of using previously-reported QTL support the identified regions.
The Look in Ruins: Naipaul's Enigma of Arrival and the Dialectics of Seeing

(2005). The Look in Ruins: Naipaul's Enigma of Arrival and the Dialectics of Seeing. South Asian Review: Vol. 26, 'V.S Naipaul: His ideas, work and art'. Guest Edited by P. A. Chauhan, pp. 338-357.
COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN COST SENSITIVE GLASS PACKAGING INDUSTRY THROUGH OUTBOUND LOGISTICS

Achieving and maintaining a long-term competitiveness is one of the key prerequisites of a sustainable business. Companies put a lot of effort into enhancing different value chain activities in order to achieve it. Initially, manufacturing companies were focused inwardly on increasing efficiency of tightly controlled logistics activities. When those opportunities were exhausted, the focus expanded beyond the firm boundaries through establishing trust-based relationships with specialized logistics service provider (LSP) companies. The aim of this paper is to analyse a case of innovative outbound logistics practice within mature glass packaging industry. Due to relatively high weight and low utilisation of freight space, glass packaging is considered as unsuitable for long-distance transportation. With incrementally small developments in improvement of freight space utilisation, high transportation cost remains as one of the most restrictive industry level success factors. Based on a series of in-depth interviews with management personnel of a European mid-sized glass packaging producer, innovative approaches in its outbound logistics practices has been evaluated. Paper analyses the process of close cooperation between the manufacturer, customer and LSP which resulted in an innovative solution and optimisation improvements within the outbound logistics activities. As the findings suggest, close cooperation between stakeholders and customer co-creation contribute to the company’s competitive advantage. Keywords: outbound 3PL, customer value, value co-creation, glass packaging industry
Interfacial aspects of carbon composites

Carbon-based composites bring great promise for various practical applications ranging from aviation industry to advanced biomedical sensors. The interface chemistry and the ultimate conductivity o...
Effect of Climate Change on Hurricane Damage and Loss for Residential Buildings in Miami-Dade County

AbstractThis paper investigates the potential effect of climate change on future hurricanes and the corresponding losses in residential buildings. Four climate change scenarios projected by the Uni...
Systems Thinking: Three System Archetypes Every Manager Should Know

This paper gives a brief introduction to systems thinking and practical insights project managers and business leaders can use in day-to-day interactions. We describe three common systems archetypes: limits-to-growth, fixes-that-fail, and drifting-goals. We illustrate each structure with a description of how system structure drives system behavior in the context of a project-based organization trying to resolve delays. We provide examples of the archetype in other contexts as well as simple suggestions on how to use systems thinking to improve these scenarios. Further reading is suggested with additional sources.
Stratospheric Temperatures after Volcanic Eruptions

The relative impact on stratospheric temperature of the volcanic eruptions of Agung, El Chichon, and Pinatubo is estimated using 9-season averages of temperature to minimize the QBO influence. The low-stratospheric warming following the 3 eruptions tends to be greatest in the tropics and decrease poleward, but on average there is a twofold greater warming in the Southern Hemisphere than in the Northern Hemisphere. The warming following the 3 eruptions is essentially the same in the Northern Hemisphere, but in the Southern Hemisphere the warming is half again as great following Pinatubo, mostly due to a much greater warming in south temperate and south polar zones. The tropical stratospheric warming following El Chichon exceeds that following Agung to a height of 30 km, the difference in warming increasing with height. The warming following Pinatubo slightly exceeds that following El Chichon to a height of 24 km, but at greater heights the warming following Pinatubo is indicated to be much less, an unexpected finding in view of satellite evidence that Pinatubo aerosols rose to nearly the 40 km level.
Mechanisms of the Carbon Monoxide Oxidation and Nitric Oxide Reduction Reactions over Single Crystal and Supported Rhodium Catalysts: High Pressure Rates Explained Using Ultrahigh Vacuum Surface Science

The demonstration that surface parameters obtained in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) experiments are applicable to high pressure catalytic reactions has long been a goal of catalytic surface science studies. This report summarizes a set of work which has successfully shown, for carbon monoxide oxidation and nitric oxide reduction over rhodium, that high pressure rates can be predicted quantitatively using parameters determined solely under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. One implication of this work is that, for this important class of reactions, the strongly-bound surface species present under the conditions of UHV studies are the same species reacting at high pressures.
Double Down or Switch It Up: Should Low-Income Children Stay in Head Start for 2 Years or Switch Programs?

Background:Recent growth in subsidized preschool opportunities in the United States for low-income 4-year-old children has allowed federal Head Start programs to fund more slots for 3-year-old chil...
Treatment of Muscle Injuries with Platelet-Rich Plasma: a Review of the Literature

This review discusses the current literature regarding the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of muscle strain injuries. Case series as well as experimental trials for both human and animal models are covered. Multiple studies have examined outcomes for the use of PRP in the treatment of muscle strain injuries. PRP has been shown to promote muscle recovery via anabolic growth factors released from activated platelets, and in doing so, potentially reduces pain, swelling, and time for return to play. In vitro studies support the regenerative potential of PRP for acute soft tissue injuries. Multiple clinical case series for PRP injections in the setting of muscle strains demonstrate imaging evidence for faster healing, less swelling, which can decrease time for return to play. These studies, however, are retrospective in nature, and few randomized controlled studies exist to demonstrate a clear clinical benefit. Additionally, there is tremendous heterogeneity regarding the injectant preparation, optimum platelet concentration, presence of leukocytes, and volume of PRP which should be administered as well as number of and timing of treatments.
Cyberattack-Resilient Hybrid Controller Design with Application to UAS

With the widespread use of cyber-physical systems (CPS), the resilience of CPS control against cyberattacks is critical for such systems to operate securely and safely. In this research, safety and performance implications of the CPS subject to cyberattacks are investigated from a control systems perspective. Due to the unpredictable nature of cyberattacks, existing controller designs have been limited to assume some specific attack strategies at the risk of degrading control performance if the actual attack is not so. To design an attack-resilient controller while not making it excessively conservative, this work proposes a hybrid control framework containing multiple sub-controllers that can adapt to various cyberattacks by switching sub-controllers. Further, the robustness of the controller is achieved by the switching logic which determines the safest sub-controller whose future performance under attack is the least bad. The developed hybrid controller is analytically verified for the finite time horizon case, and further extended to the infinite time horizon case. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the performance and applicability of the proposed controller design to an unmanned aircraft system subject to cyberattacks.
Paper 3D Printing to Supplement Rural Healthcare Supplies — What Do Healthcare Facilities Want?

For the last two years a team of researchers have been testing the feasibility of supplementing Kenyan rural health care supply chains using localized, plastic filament, low cost, FDM 3D printing. In this paper, we explore which parts are the most likely candidates for such manufacturing. A 2014 study of Kenyan health care facilities showed that they carried, on average, only 77% of the equipment that the World Health Organization lists as necessary. However, this number drops even lower to 60% when examining Kenyan dispensaries (the designated first point of contact for Kenyans with medical needs and typically the only option in the most rural settings) with some dispensaries carrying as little as 23% of the necessary medical equipment (Institute for Health Metrics, 2014). Much of the drive for this problem comes from the long, expensive, or nonexistent supply chains for these health care facilities. Based upon data from eight rural hospitals of varying sizes in Kisumu, Kenya, researchers identified four classes of products across four categories of use that can benefit to varying degrees from low-volume, localized manufacturing using 3D printing. 3D printing can be used for innovative, low volume specialty parts; bridging the gap when traditionally supplied parts experience a shortage between deliveries; making replacement parts for broken or worn out components; and customizing products, especially to human fit. These types of parts were most requested for fixing existing medical equipment, especially equipment beyond its service life; products that see single use or temporal use; anatomical models for teaching or surgical preparation; and occupational or physical therapy. This paper goes on to detail and identify factors for desirable and viable parts in low resource health care settings.
Engaging Students in Large Classes

What strategies help faculty engage their large-class students? Presenters will share their approaches to designing lectures and creating assignments that support student learning.
The Pan-STARRS data archive - a treasure trove of moving object observations

Pan-STARRS1 has been observing the night sky since 2010, and has amassed an archive comprising over 1 million science images comprising approximately 2.5 Petabytes of raw data. The vast majority of Pan-STARRS observations were carried out in a manner well-suited to detection of moving objects - most observations were taken as a sequence of four observations spaced over approximately one hour. Most of the remainder were taken as pairs of observations separated by approximately 20 minutes. Since 2014, the primary purpose of Pan-STARRS has been a search for Near-Earth Objects. During the past 5 years, Pan-STARRS has developed into one of the most powerful surveys of our Solar System, and continues to be one of the leading Near-Earth Object discovery telescopes. Due to the nature of the Pan-STARRS detectors, and the very large area of the focal plane, it has been difficult to find all moving objects, and a large number of moving object detections remain unreported from the 8+ years of surveying the sky north of −50°declination. The Pan-STARRS telescopes and cameras are explained. Examples of how archival observations have improved orbits of important Near-Earth Objects are provided. The performance of the current CCDs is described, and a proposed design for a replacement camera with larger, better performing CCDs is presented. Given the importance of finding hazardous Near-Earth Objects, we believe that Pan-STARRS could be much more successful if funding for a replacement camera could be secured.
The place-making potential of citizen science: Creating social-ecological connections in an urbanized world

Abstract A major challenge among urban planners and environmental organizations centers on how to maintain, strengthen, and create connections between humans and their natural environments. Public participation in scientific research (hereby referred to as citizen science) is often touted as a way to help people get to know, connect with, and care for an ecological place. But there is a lack of empirical evidence about if and how this works. This paper explores how citizen science can connect people more closely with place, create new understandings of what those places mean, and encourage people to participate more fully in being stewards of those places. We evaluated the motivations and experiences of citizen scientists working with the Billion Oyster Project (BOP), a nonprofit organization working to restore oysters to New York City (NYC) waters, to better understand the links between citizen science and sense of place with regard to urban waterfronts. We conducted semi-structured interviews with BOP participants and field site visits of volunteer-run oyster research stations along waterfront areas in NYC. We found that place-based citizen science can strengthen attachment to the personal, social, and environmental dimensions of place, and additionally has the potential to enhance both individual and collective social-ecological meanings of place through active processes of place -making. If urban sustainability movements are going to succeed in their mission to reconnect people to nature, there needs to be a broadened understanding of what this looks like beyond individualized constructs of connection.
The interplay between capsid dynamics and pathogenesis in tripartite bromoviruses.

Infectious virus capsids or virions are considered static structures and undergo various conformational transitions to replicate and infect a wide range of eukaryotic cells. Therefore, virus capsids must be stable enough to overcome the physicochemical environment and flexible enough to reorganize their biologically relevant surface peptides for optimal interaction with the host machinery. Although viral capsid fluctuations, referred to as dynamics or breathing, have been well studied in RNA viruses pathogenic to animals, such information is limited among plant viruses. However, more recent attempts have been made in characterizing the capsid dynamics in the plant virus genus bromovirus characterized by having a tripartite, positive-sense RNA genome. Using the available research data on the genus bromovirus members, this review is focused on updating the readers on the interrelationships between the viral capsid dynamics and host–pathogen interactions.
Effectiveness and Safety of Magseed-localization for Excision of Breast Lesions: A Prospective, Phase IV Trial.

Objective A prospective, phase IV study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of Magseed to localize breast lesions requiring surgical excision. Background Since FDA approval in 2016, Magseed has been increasingly used to localize non-palpable lesions due to advantages over wires or radioactive seeds. This is the first prospective, post marketing trial of Magseed. Methods From 1/2017-2/2018, 107 women with lesions requiring localization were enrolled at a single institution. Primary endpoint was Magseed retrieval rate. Secondary endpoints were adverse events, accuracy of placement, surgery duration and positive margin rate. Clinicians were surveyed for ease of use using a Likert scale. Descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact test were performed to assess univariable associations with positive margins. Results There were 124 Magseeds placed including one marker in 93 subjects, 2 markers in 11 and 3 markers in 3. The majority of lesions were masses (63%) followed by calcifications (24%). All 124 Magseeds were placed within 10mm of the target lesion and surgically retrieved with median operative time of 15min (range 4-47). No device-related adverse events occurred. Of the 98 malignant lesions, 9 had positive margins and 7 of them underwent a second surgery for additional margins. On univariable analysis, age ≤ 50 (25.0% vs 6.4%, p=0.04), lesion histology (p = 0.03), and pathologic T-stage (p = 0.04) were significantly associated with positive margins. Clinicians rated the Magseed very or fairly easy to use in most cases. Conclusions The Magseed system for localization of non-palpable lesions was effective and safe; all markers were successfully retrieved with margin-negative resections in 91%. This study supports use of Magseed for localization of breast lesions.
Photoimmunotherapy: a confluence of multiple biophotonics treatments

The photobiological destruction via direct photothermal (light alone) or indirect photodynamic (light and dye) action that have been noted to evoke a subjacent biological response. The inherently destructive nature of these approaches generates antigenic determinants that evoke a host immune response. In contrast, the use of low dose light treatments to induce a therapeutic host immune response is attributed to Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy. The utility of PBM to shore up the immune system as potent vaccine adjuvants and induce antimicrobial peptides have been reported. This presentation will highlight Photoimmunotherapy as a novel application using multiple treatments that are primarily focused on therapeutically enhancing the host immune responses.
High Sensitivity Long-Wave Infrared Detector Design Based on Integrated Plasmonic Absorber and VO₂ Nanobeam

We report a novel design for bolometric infrared detector operating at the long-wave infrared (LWIR) range for high-resolution human body temperature sensing and monitoring. We propose to incorporate efficient plasmonic absorber and high-responsivity VO2 nanobeam biased at transition temperature in our design to facilitate improvement in both aspects – thermal resolution and spatial resolution. The integration of plasmonic absorber allows efficient and selective radiation absorption. The use of a transducing nanobeam placed in close proximity to the plasmonic local heaters allows the radiation energy to be electronically readable. The use of nanobeam instead of a film in the detector allows over two-orders of magnitude improvement in responsivity owing to the large length to cross-sectional area ratio. Additionally, the use of nanobeam reduces the thermal mass and improves the bandwidth. Our calculation suggests a responsivity of as high as 700 kV/W at 100 Hz for a detector of only $12\,\,\mu \text{m}\,\,\times 12\,\,\mu \text{m}$ pixel size. Also, the theoretical noise equivalent temperature difference is calculated to be as low as 3.67 mK which is almost an order of improvement than the state-of-the-art bolometric LWIR detectors with larger pixel dimensions.