cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography of catecholamines and their congeners with simple acids as ion-paring reagents

Abstract We have investigated the value of various common acids as ion-pairing reagents for high-efficiency separations of catecholamines and their metabolites in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The retention of norepinephrine, α-methylnorepinephrine, dopamine, α-methyldopamine, l -dopa, α-methyldopa, dihydroxybenzylamine, epinephrine, carbidopa and DOPAC was measured in mobile phases composed of nitric, sulfuric, acetic and trichloroacetic acids at pH 2–5 and anion concentrations ranging from 5–500 m M . The solute capacity ratios were dependent on the hydrophobicity and concentration of the ion-pairing reagent and the pH of the mobile phase. Good retention, peak symmetry and high efficiency (3000 theoretical plates for 300 mm) was found for mobile phases composed of the strong inorganic acids and trichloroacetic acid. Chromatography was compared to that seen using the detergent sodium octylsulfate. Trichloroacetic acid gave retention and efficiency similar to sodium octylsulfate. These experiments show that simple acids can replace alkylsulfates as ion-pairing reagents for the separation of the catecholamines and their metabolites.
Bis[μ‐diphenyl(2‐pyridylmethyl)phosphine‐κ2N,P]bis[nitratosilver(I)](Ag—Ag)

In the title mol­ecular structure, [Ag2(NO3)2(C18H16NP)2], the AgI atoms are held in close proximity by the chelating effect of the diphen­yl(2-pyridylmeth­yl)phosphine ligand, with an Ag—Ag bond distance of 2.9171 (7) A. The angles around the metal centers describe a distorted tetra­hedral geometry, with the NO3− ions bound to the AgI atoms in a monodentate fashion. The molecule is centrosymmetric.
Training Psychiatry Residents as Consultants in Primary Care Settings

Patients seen in primary care medical settings often have psychiatric disorders that often go undetected by their primary care physicians. It is important that psychiatry residents be trained in the specific skills necessary to work as consultants in primary care settings. The authors describe 2 years of primary care consultation-liaison rotation experience for 4th-year psychiatry residents (16 rotations, one-half day per week for 12 months or 1 day per week for 6 months). Residents’ evaluations of their experience were generally positive. The presence of a supervising attending psychiatrist who worked in the same clinic resulted in higher satisfaction and effectiveness ratings. Other issues identified by residents included need for specific preparation for working in such settings, frequent misunderstanding of the psychiatry resident’s role by primary care providers, and the difficulty of establishing relationships and communicating with multiple clinic providers. Authors discuss modifications of this rotation and recommendations for the establishment of similar rotations elsewhere.
Electrochemical oxidation of 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol

Abstract The electrochemical oxidation of 2,4,6-tri- tert -butylphenol as well as the phenoxide and phenoxy radical derived from it has been investigated in acetonitrile and ethanol+water. The ease of oxidation decreases in the order phenoxide, phenoxy radical, phenol with the separation between potentials for phenoxide oxidation and phenoxy radical oxidation being 1.2 V in acetonitrile. The phenoxide is oxidized to the stable phenoxy radical in a highly reversible reaction in acetonitrile and alkaline ethanol+water. Oxidation of the radical produces a phenoxonium ion which is attacked by water giving 2,4,6-tri- tert -butyl-4-hydroxy-2,5-cyclohexadienone. This two electron product is also formed upon oxidation of the phenol in either solvent. However, in acidic media the hydroxydienone dealkylates give 2,6-di- tert -butylhydroquinone which is oxidized to the final product 2,6-di- tert -butyl-1,4-benzoquinone. The dealkylation is quite rapid in anhydrous acetonitrile but the rate is depressed by the addition of water. A novel double potential step experiment was used to characterize the oxidation of the phenoxy radical. A step to a potential where the phenoxide is oxidized to the phenoxy radical is followed by a step to a potential where the phenoxy radical is oxidized. The current during the second step is unusually small because protons produced by the oxidation of the radical deactivate the phenoxide. The current-time curve was found to agree with that predicted by digital simulation.
Preliminary report on the physiological status of striped bass in the carquinez strait die-off

Abstract We have conducted an analysis of tissue and blood samples from moribund striped bass ( Morone saxatilis ) collected during the course of the summer 1985 die-off in the Carquinez Strait. Despite the small number of specimens that were available for this study, the differences between moribund fish and controls were striking and were consistent enough to establish the basis for this preliminary report. After comparing the results of serum and tissue analyses from three moribund samples with those of four relatively healthy controls, it became apparent that liver dysfunction is an important aspect of the pathology of fish in this die-off. This conclusion was based on data of several sorts: histological indications of hepatic lesions and inflammation, hormone imbalances and accumulations of uric acid, bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase in the plasma. Abnormal variation in plasma glucose levels, at both high and low extremes, may reflect severe disruption of carbohydrate metabolism in the moribund fish. The cause or causes of this liver damage have not yet been identified. Plasma proteins, ions (Na + , K + , Ca 2+ , and Cl −1 ) and osmolality were at virtually identical levels in the two groups, suggesting that osmoregulatory mechanisms still permitted responses to the salinity changes encountered by these fish in and around the Carquinez Strait. Although salinity changes may contribute to the problems of fish migrating through this region, simple osmoregulatory failure is not indicated.
MEDIA CONSTRUCTION OF CARJACKING: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF NEWSPAPER ARTICLES FROM 1993–2002

Studies addressing media coverage of crime have concluded that newspapers devote inordinate attention to sensational crime events. This style of reporting has been attributed to the creation of mor...
Optimal resource extraction and uncertainty about new technology

Abstract The optimal extraction policy of a known resource stock in an economy which has imperfect information about existence of a new technology is discussed. The optimal program is shown to depend on the remaining stock and the current information about existence of the new technology (which is updated every period). For two special forms of social welfare function, the optimal extraction policy is shown to be more conservative than in the situation of perfect information. The effects of improved information and greater availability of the known stock on the optimal extraction policy are also investigated.
Multiple-Surrogate Approach to Helicopter Rotor Blade Vibration Reduction

The advantages of using multiple surrogates for approximation andreduction of helicopter vibration are studied. Multiple approximation methods, including a weighted-average approach, are considered so that pitfalls associated with only using a single best surrogate for the rotor blade vibration-reduction problem are avoided. A vibration objective function corresponding to a flight condition in which blade–vortex interaction causes high levels of vibration is considered. The design variables consist of cross-sectional dimensions of the structural member of the blade and nonstructural masses. The optimized designs are compared with a baseline design resembling a Messerschmitt–Bolkow–Blohm BO-105 blade. The results indicate that at relatively little additional cost compared with optimizing a single surrogate, multiple surrogates can be used to locate various reduced-vibration designs that wouldbeoverlookedifonly asingleapproximationmethodwasemployed,andthemostaccurate surrogatemaynot lead to the best design.
A Robust Calibration Technique for Acoustic Emission Systems Based on Momentum Transfer from a Ball Drop

We describe a technique to estimate the seismic moment of acoustic emissions and other extremely small seismic events. Unlike previous calibration tech- niques, it does not require modeling of the wave propagation, sensor response, or signal conditioning. Rather, this technique calibrates the recording system as a whole and uses a ball impact as a reference source or empirical Green's function. To correctly apply this technique, we develop mathematical expressions that link the seismic mo- ment M0 of internal seismic sources (i.e., earthquakes and acoustic emissions) to the impulse, or change in momentum Δp, of externally applied seismic sources (i.e., me- teor impacts or, in this case, ball impact). We find that, at low frequencies, moment and impulse are linked by a constant, which we call the force-moment-rate scale factor C F _ MM0=Δp. This constant is equal to twice the speed of sound in the material from which the seismic sources were generated. Next, we demonstrate the calibration technique on two different experimental rock mechanics facilities. The first example is a saw-cut cylindrical granite sample that is loaded in a triaxial apparatus at 40 MPa confining pressure. The second example is a 2 m long fault cut in a granite sample and deformed in a large biaxial apparatus at lower stress levels. Using the empirical cali- bration technique, we are able to determine absolute source parameters including the seismic moment, corner frequency, stress drop, and radiated energy of these magnitude −2:5 to −7 seismic events.
Austrian Economics in America: The Migration of a Tradition

Preface Acknowledgements 1. Introduction 2. Carl Menger and the foundations of Austrian economics 3. Economic calculation and the rediscovery of Mengerian themes 4. Ludwig von Mises: Austrian economics in America 5. The Austrian revival 6. Defining the Austrian paradigm 7. Market process: the problem of order in Austrian economics 8. Austrian economics: which way forward References Index.
The Atrial Baffle Operation for Transposition of the Great Arteries: A Review of 591 Reported Cases

Abstract A survey of the literature on 591 atrial baffle operations for transposition of the great arteries was undertaken, and it was found that the underlying anatomical type strongly influences the results of operation. The overall mortality when an atrial septal defect was present alone was less than 20%. In the presence of a ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis, the prognosis was less favorable. The most immediate postoperative complication was dysrhythmia, followed by ventilation problems necessitating tracheostomy. Long-term complications occurred in 30% of the patients. These included venous obstruction from the baffle itself, dysrhythmia, and tricuspid insufficiency. The 1-month mortality rate with the atrial baffle operation was 23%; at 5 years it was 38%. The long-term results suggest that a new approach should be considered in the surgical management of transposition. The goal remains direct anatomical repair.
Torsional-flexural buckling of locally buckled columns

Abstract An investigation dealing with the interaction of local and overall buckling of thin-walled columns is described. Due to weakening effects of local buckling, overall buckling (flexural, torsional, or torsionalflexural) takes place at a lower load than the column would carry in the absence of local buckling. A solution scheme based on the finite element method is presented. The stiffness matrices presented by Barsoum and Gallagher are used in this study. The concept of effective width is used to account for the post-buckling strength of the locally buckled component plates. The post-buckling behavior and the use of effective width concept introduce nonlinearity into the problem. An interative solution procedure is employed in the solution scheme. A computer program has been prepared for the IBM 370/165 computer. The effects of local buckling on the column buckling strength are examined. Torsional—flexural buckling behavior of columns in the post-local-buckling range is discussed. Interaction of buckling modes is also discussed. Results on typical doubly and singly symmetric columns are presented.
Visual adaptation to an altered correlation between eye movement and head movement

A visual target was mloved left and right in exact synchrony with vertical movements of the head. A few minutes' exposure to this novel head-movement feedback led to a change in the visual discrimlination of head movement from object movement. The critical factor in the adaptation is the novel correlation of eye and head movement elicited during the period of exposure.
Solvothermal synthesis and characterization of two high-nuclearity mixed-valent manganese phosphonate clusters.

Two novel mixed-valent manganese (MnII/MnIII) cluster compounds were synthesized in solvothermal reactions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, bond valence sum calculations, IR spectra, elemental analysis, and magnetic measurements. Compound 1 is a Mn19 cluster with a cylindrical core structure. Compound 2 possess a Mn16 core where all of the manganese sites have unique ligation environments. The magnetic measurements on both compounds indicate dominant antiferromagnetic interactions between the metal centers.
Diurnal and seasonal variation of the nighttime OH (8‐3) emission at low latitudes

Nighttime morphological maps of the hydroxyl emission (8-3 band) measured by the Visible Airglow Experiment on board the Atmosphere Explorer E satellite are presented for solstice and equinox conditions. The volume emission rate profile of the emission was determined by inverting satellite perigee observations. This profile was later used to convert limb measurements into zenith intensities of the emission. A theoretical model has been used to correct twilight observations for the presence of the thermospheric O(+)(2P) emission at 7320-7330 A. The derived morphology agrees well with ground based measurements and theoretical simulations.
A Study of the Acid Phosphatase of Treponema denticola

Summary This study describes some of the properties of the acid phosphatase of the potential periodontopathogen Treponema denticola . The highest enzyme activity was found in 87 h old cells. Two optimum pHs for enzyme activity were detected, one at pH 4.8 and another at pH 6.2. Divalent cations did not influence the acid phosphatase of T. denticola . The anion F - added in the form of NaF and at a level greater than 20 μg/ml F - diminished the activity of the acid phosphatase of intact cells of T. denticola . The addition of 1 0 μg/ml F - as SnF2 induced a statistically significant reduction of acid phosphatase activity. The apparent K m for the acid phosphatase was 7.3 mM with p-nitrophenyl phosphate as substrate. Fluoride appeared to be a noncompetitive inhibitor of the enzyme with an apparent K i of 0.3 mM. Acid phosphatase may be released partially in osmotic shock fluids. Also, 7-diazonium-1, 3-naphthalene disulfonate, which is incapable of penetrating the bacterial permeability barrier and is known to inactivate enzymes found in the bacterial periplasmic place, suppressed the activity of the acid phosphatase in intact cells of T. denticola .
On Lagrangian drift in shallow-water waves on moderate shear

The Lagrangian drift in an O(∈) monochromatic wave field on a shear flow, whose characteristic velocity is O(∈) smaller than the phase velocity of the waves, is considered. It is found that although shear has only a minor influence on drift in deep-water waves, its influence becomes increasingly important as the depth decreases, to the point that it plays a significant role in shallow-water waves. Details of the shear flow likewise affect the drift. Because of this, two temporal cases common in coastal waters are studied, viz. stress-induced shear, as would arise were the boundary layer wind-driven, and a current-driven shear, as would arise from coastal currents. In the former, the magnitude of the drift (maximum minus minimum) in shallow-water waves is increased significantly above its counterpart, viz. the Stokes drift, in like waves in otherwise quiescent surroundings. In the latter, on the other hand, the magnitude decreases. However, while the drift at the free surface is always oriented in the direction of wave propagation in stress-driven shear, this is not always the case in current-driven shear, especially in long waves as the boundary layer grows to fill the layer. This latter finding is of particular interest vis-a-vis Langmuir circulations, which arise through an instability that requires differential drift and shear of the same sign. This means that while Langmuir circulations form near the surface and grow downwards (top down), perhaps to fill the layer, in stress-driven shear, their counterparts in current-driven flows grow from the sea floor upwards (bottom up) but can never fill the layer.
Effects of block copolymer polydispersity and χN on pattern line edge roughness and line width roughness from directed self-assembly of diblock copolymers

This paper addresses two fundamental issues: (1) the connection between block copolymer polydispersity (as measured by a polydisperisty index (PDI)) and pattern LER/ LWR limits and (2) the connection between block copolymer χN value and pattern LER/LWR limits. In this work, we have used coarse grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of BCP DSA to study the effect of block copolymer PDI on DSA properties including LER/LWR and patterning capability. It is observed that as PDI increases from 1 to values of ~1.3, there is little effect on pattern LER/LWR, and as PDI increases above ~1.3 the LER/LWR increases slowly with increasing PDI. This suggests that LER/LWR concerns are not a major determinant in terms of specifying block copolymer PDI requirements for DSA processes. Concerning χN and LER/LWR, there is a sharp increase in roughness for χN<30. Because of the sharp increase at such low χN values, it is unlikely that BCP DSA processes for semiconductor manufacturing will be able to operate at low χN values even though microphase separation still occurs at these low χN values.
The intercellular proline cycle

Abstract The interconversions of proline and pyrroline-5-carboxylate between erythrocytes and hepatocytes form an intercellular metabolic cycle. In hepatocytes, proline is oxidized to pyrroline-5-carboxylate by mitochondrial proline oxidase with concurrent oxidative phosphorylation. Pyrroline-5-carboxylate is transferred into erythrocytes and converted back to proline by pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase with concomitant oxidation of NADPH and activation of the hexosemonophosphate-pentose pathway.
Theory of the pulsed molecular nitrogen laser.

It is shown that laser action at 3371 A terminates in times t < (τ32−1 + Y3)−1, where τ32 is the lifetime of the transition of C3πu → B3πg and Y3 is the electron depopulation rate of the upper laser level. Following Gerry but including electron impact mixing of laser levels, rate equations, coupled to the circuit equation, were solved under saturation approximations. Assuming a Seaton excitation cross section between laser levels, with an effective Gaunt factor of 0.25, power and pulse width were in good agreement with Shipman’s values. The rate equations were also solved without recourse to the saturation approximation yielding excellent agreement with the saturation method during most of the pulse and indicating the existence of an early oscillation which is not predicted by the saturation approximation method. Finally, the inclusion of the electron impact ionization of the nitrogen molecule from the excited state C3πu brings the pulse width to still better agreement with Shipman’s values.
Self-efficacy and political skill as comparative predictors of task and contextual performance: A two-study constructive replication.

Task and contextual performance are distinct and critical components of job performance. However, empirical studies of antecedents have tended to focus on one or the other type of performance, but not both. Furthermore, sound theoretical rationale has not always been provided for the prediction of different dimensions of job performance. Two studies were conducted to address these issues. In Study 1, as hypothesized, we found self-efficacy to be more strongly related to task than to contextual performance, and political skill to be more strongly related to contextual than to task performance. In addition, and as expected, results indicated self-efficacy to be a better predictor of task performance than political skill, and political skill to be a better predictor of contextual performance than self-efficacy. These results were constructively replicated (Lykken, 1968) in Study 2, thus providing strong support for the validity of the hypothesized and obtained empirical results. Implications of these results...
Rifling Through the Terrorists’ Arsenal: Exploring Groups’ Weapon Choices and Technology Strategies

In terrorist operations, weapons technologies are the tools groups use to pursue their violent ends. Because of differences in what they can do, different weapons are useful for different types of operations. Using a random sample of terrorist incidents from the RAND-MIPT Terrorism Incident Database, this article explores (1) how terrorists in general used particular weapons technologies and (2) the variation in the technology choices of individual terrorist groups. The results demonstrate significant differences in the ways different weapons are used, in the versatility of individual technologies, and among the technology strategies of different terrorist organizations.
Getting it through your thick skull

Neural activity up to 3 mm deep in mouse brain can now be inhibited optogenetically through the intact cranium with a red-shifted opsin called Jaws.
Variation in polychlorinated biphenyl levels in common carp from a primarily agricultural drainage

Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in common carp, Cyprinus carpio, from the Des Moines River, Iowa, were assessed for variability related to sampling location, sampling period, fish age, and fat content. Concentrations were highest at a location near the City of Des Moines; they were substantially lower in 1981 than in 1980. Age and fat content had little influence on PCB concentrations in carp. Overall concentrations were some of the lowest recorded in the United States and Canada in recent times.
Christopher Atkinson and the Victualling Board, 1775–82

This article is a study of a grain merchant in the City of London and corrupt contracting with the Victualling Board during the American War,1775ndash;82.
Unstable matter and the 1-0 MeV gamma-ray background

The spectrum of photons produced by an unstable particle which decayed while the universe was young is calculated. This spectrum is compared to that of the 1-10 MeV shoulder, a feature of the high-energy, extragalactic gamma-ray background, whose origin has not yet been determined. The calculated spectrum contains two parameters which are adjusted to obtain a maximal fit to the observed spectrum; the fit thus obtained is accurate to the 99 percent confidence level. The implications for the mass, lifetime, initial abundance, and branching ratio of the unstable particle are discussed.
Smart Growth—Creating Real Long-term Value

Most U.S. business leaders appear to believe that all businesses either “grow or die”—and many act as if they believed that all growth is good, and that public companies should grow in a linear, continuous manner as reflected in ever-increasing quarterly earnings. But if these tenets of “the U.S. Growth Model” inform the short-term business view that prevails in many C-suites and boardrooms, there has been surprisingly little analysis of the extent to which the pursuit of continuous growth translates into longer-run success. In this article, the author reports finding no theoretical or empirical support in the fields of economics, finance, strategy, organizational design (or biology) for the idea that continuous growth is either a realistic possibility or a useful corporate objective. In business organizations, the pursuit of continuous growth can drive bad corporate behavior and inhibit real growth and innovation. Based on extensive research, the author suggests a new model of “smart growth”—one in which companies grow successfully by building internal comprehensive systems designed to encourage growth through specific kinds of culture, leadership, and processes. Smart-growth companies use experimental learning processes designed to test growth ideas and build diversified “growth portfolios” while also attempting to limit the risks associated with the pursuit of growth.
New A system allele of red cell alloantigens in Paso Fino horses.

Summary. Family data from Paso Fino horses support the existence of a new allele (Aabdf) in the A system of red cell alloantigens. Considering breeds throughout the world, the A system now consists of 13 alleles defined by reagents which serologically detect seven factors.
Increasing access to engineering

Based on research, constructing a program to increase accessibility for students with financial need, and diversity of students graduating with engineering baccalaureate degrees requires multiple components and partnerships to recruit, retain and graduate students. This paper describes how a program at Texas A&M University was initially constructed, how it has evolved, and what influences on student success have been observed.
Lipids, clotting factors, and diabetes: Endogenous risk factors for cardiovascular disease

Theories of intimal injury leading to plaque formation include platelet adhesion and production of growth factors, hypercholesterolemia, smooth muscle cell proliferation, macrophage activity, defective utilization of low-density lipoproteins via deficient receptors, and deficiency in cellular lysosomal enzymes. High levels of low-density lipoproteins and intermediate-density lipoproteins, as well as their apoproteins, are strong risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The lowering of the cholesterol level has been shown to produce significant regression of atherosclerotic lesions. Data also suggest an interaction between lipids and platelets, although the role of coagulation disorders as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis is difficult to assess. Although much of the data are controversial, there is evidence that platelet survival time is a strong predictor of severe vessel damage. In addition, some studies have reported decreased activity of antithrombin III with coronary artery disease, and there appears to be a direct correlation between fibrinogen and cholesterol levels. Finally, diabetes mellitus (both types I and II) is a significant independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. The risk is not related to the severity or duration of diabetes, and it appears to be greater in women than in men.
Variability in the bulk composition and abundance of dissolved organic matter in the lower Mississippi and Pearl rivers

[1] In this study, we examined the temporal and spatial variability of dissolved organic matter (DOM) abundance and composition in the lower Mississippi and Pearl rivers and effects of human and natural influences. In particular, we looked at bulk C/N ratio, stable isotopes (δ15N and δ13C) and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry of high molecular weight (HMW; 0.2 μm to 1 kDa) DOM. Monthly water samples were collected at one station in each river from August 2001 to 2003. Surveys of spatial variability of total dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) were also conducted in June 2003, from 390 km downstream in the Mississippi River and from Jackson to Stennis Space Center in the Pearl River. Higher DOC (336−1170 μM), C/N ratio,% aromaticity, and more depleted δ15N (0.76−2.1‰) were observed in the Pearl than in the lower Mississippi River (223−380 μM, 4.7−11.5‰, respectively). DOC, C/N ratio, δ13C, δ15N, and % aromaticity of Pearl River HMW DOM were correlated with water discharge, which indicated a coupling between local soil inputs and regional precipitation events. Conversely, seasonal variability in the lower Mississippi River was more controlled by spatial variability of a larger integrative signal from the watershed as well as in situ DOM processing. Spatially, very little change occurred in total DOC in the downstream survey of the lower Mississippi River, compared to a decrease of 24% in the Pearl River. Differences in DOM between these two rivers were reflective of the Mississippi River having more extensive river processing of terrestrial DOM, more phytoplankton inputs, and greater anthropogenic perturbation than the Pearl River.
Information fusion for robust 'context and driver aware' active vehicle safety systems

Although there is currently significant development in active vehicle safety (AVS) systems, the number of accidents, injury severity levels and fatalities has not reduced. In fact, human error, low performance, drowsiness and distraction may account for a majority in all the accident causation. Active safety systems are unaware of the context and driver status, so these systems cannot improve these figures. Therefore, this study proposes a 'context and driver aware' (CDA) AVS system structure as a first step in realizing robust, human-centric and intelligent active safety systems. This work develops, evaluates and combines three sub-modules all employing a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM)/Universal Background Model (UBM) and likelihood maximization learning scheme: biometric driver identification, maneuver recognition, and distraction detection. The resultant combined system contributes in three areas: (1) robust identification: a speaker recognition system is developed in an audio modality to identify the driver in-vehicle conditions requiring robust operation; (2) narrow the available information space for fusion: maneuver recognition system uses estimated driver identification to prune the selection of models and further restrict search space in a novel distraction detection system; (3) response time and performance: the system quickly produces a prediction of driver's distracted behaviour for possible use in accident prevention/avoidance. Overall system performance of the combined system is evaluated on the UTDrive Corpus, confirming the suitability of the proposed system for critical imminent accident cases with narrow time windows.
A note on the premium market of the paris stock exchange

The purpose of this note is to use the option valuation model developed by Black and Scholes (1973) to model the conditional forward market, also known as the premium market (‘marche `a primes’), on the Paris Stock Exchange. The main result is a rational derivation of the premium scale (‘echelle des primes’) describing the relationship between the exercise price of the conditional forward contract and the amount of the premium.
Simultaneous optimization of work and buffer space in unpaced production lines with random processing times

Much of the previous research on unpaced production lines with variable processing times has addressed either the issue of the allocation of work to the stations or the allocation of storage space to the buffers between stations. Our focus is instead on the simultaneous optimization of the workload allocation and the buffer allocation. We use a basic cost-based model that includes both revenue per unit of throughput and cost per unit of buffer space. Using both exponential and Erlang processing times, exact numerical results are obtained for the underlying Markov chain for cases where the number of states range up to over 2000 000. We investigate how the bowl phenomenon for workload allocation and the storage bowl phenomenon for buffer allocation interact when performing both allocations simultaneously. We also find counterexamples to a conjecture previously published in the literature that a balanced buffer allocation is optimal when the total number of buffer spaces is an integer multiple of the number ...
Strategies in cross-modality matching.

Subjects were tested on cross-and within-modality matching conditions with either a 5-sec or a 20-sec delay imposed between standard and comparison stimuli. Half the subjects were informed before the trial of what the comparison modality would be, while the others were not. There was a strong effect of instructions on the cross-modality conditions, but little on the within-modality conditions. The informed subjects showed better performance in the haptic-visual condition, while for the uninformed subjects, visual-haptic performance was better. The results suggest the importance of subjects’ processing strategies in cross-modality performance.
Inherited and Predisposing Factors in the Development of Gastric Dilatation Volvulus in Dogs

This review article summarizes what is known as well as what is undetermined concerning the inherited and environmental pathogenesis of gastric dilatation volvulus in dogs. The disorder primarily affects large and giant, deep-chested breeds. A concise description of a typical dog affected with gastric dilatation volvulus is presented.
THE SEX DETERMINATION TEST OF DORN AND SUGARMAN REPORT OF 51 EXPERIMENTS

Dorn and Sugarman, in a recent report (1), described a method for the prediction of the sex in the unborn. By injecting rabbits fully 3 months old, whose testicles were in the inguinal canal, with urine of women 5 months or more pregnant, they were able to prognosticate the sex of the unborn child in 80 (94 per cent) of 85 cases. The basis for their prognosis was the microscopic changes in the testicle of the rabbit noted 48 hours after injection. The testes of the rabbits injected with urine from women carrying an unborn female child were developed precociously, whereas those of animals injected with urine from women carrying an unborn male child were not so stimulated. In a repetition of the work, Curphey and Romer (2) were unable to confirm the findings of Dorn and Sugarman. The present observations were also carried out for the purpose of testing the validity of the Dorn and Sugarman conclusions.
Isonicotinyl hydrazones from D‐mannuronolactone and D‐mannuronic acid

D‐Mannuronolactone isonicotinyl hydrazone and D‐mannuronic acid isonicotinyl hydrazone, two new compounds highly active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, have been prepared from alginic acid as the starting material.
The photolysis of ccl4 in the presence of o2 or o3 at 213.9 nm, And the reaction of o(1d) with ccl4

Abstract When CCl4 is photolyzed at 25°C with 213.9 nm radiation in either the presence of O2 or O3 the products are CCl2O, Cl2, and an unidentified compound. At low total pressure, φ{CCl2O} = 2.0, but this value drops to 1.0 for [CCl4] ∼ 50 Torr and [O2] or [N2] = 700 Tort. φ{Cl2} is reasonably invariant to pressure at ∼ 1.3 – 1.4. The results are interpreted in terms of an excited molecule mechanism which proceeds entirely by: at low pressures, with singlet CCl2 being produced. At higher pressures CCl4★ is quenched and CCl2 production is inhibited, though it may (and probably is) replaced by production of CCl3 + Cl. The O(1D) reaction with CCl4 at 25°C gives CCl2O and Cl2 as the exclusive products. The O(1D) was produced from O3 photolysis at 253.7 nm. The quantum yields are invariant to reaction conditions and are φ{CCl2O} = 0.87 ± 0.2 and φ{Cl2} = 1.1 ± 0.2. The O3 consumption is the same, or slightly higher than in the absence of CCl4. The three possible reaction paths are: Reaction (13a) was shown to be an important, and possibly the exclusive path, whereas reaction (13c) is unimportant and proceeds
Scaling of folded electrothermal actuators

Scaling of folded electrothermal actuators for optical applications in arrays from 1 mm to 50 µm pitch is presented. A 1-D model of a folded electrothermal actuator is presented to demonstrate the inverse scaling law for power with array pitch and linear scaling for rotational scan range. Metal/oxide bimorph actuators with discrete heaters are shown to have up to 26% higher thermal sensitivity than metal/oxide/polySi multimorphs with distributed heating.
The control of IgM expression in a murine B cell lymphoma

The regulation of IgM expression was studied in clones derived from a murine B lymphocyte cell line, WEHI279.1. During normal B cell development IgM heavy chain synthesis increases concomitantly with heightened IgM secretion and reduced cell-surface IgM. However, in these subclones, the levels of membrane-bound and secreted IgM were regulated independently of one another. The amount of IgM secreted by the cells was tightly coupled to the amount of heavy chain synthesis, suggesting that the major control of secretion is pretranslational. Surface IgM exhibited a more complex regulation, with both pre- and posttranslational components. Variation in the expression of both forms of IgM occurred at high frequency. Although IgM expression follows a unidirectional pathway in nontransformed cells, the variability in these tumor cells was reversible and cellautonomous. High levels of phenotypic variability may be important in the ability of transformed cells to escape the immune response.
Ambient air audits of the National crop loss assessment network (1981–1986)

Since 1981 the Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory (EMSL) of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) at Research Triangle Park, North Carolina has been conducting performance audits of the ambient air analyzers used in the National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN). These audits provided the NCLAN researchers the means to assess the quality of the data gathered by their respective air-monitoring projects. The paper summarizes and reviews the results for all the audits from July 1981 through August 1986. Approximately 288 analyzers were audited and only 9 were found to be outside the NCLAN's acceptable goal of + or - 15%. Approximately 185 ozone, 81 sulfur dioxide, 18 oxides of nitrogen, and 4 carbon dioxide monitors were audited.
DEAF1 binds unmethylated and variably spaced CpG dinucleotide motifs.

DEAF1 is a transcriptional regulator associated with autoimmune and neurological disorders and is known to bind TTCG motifs. To further ascertain preferred DEAF1 DNA ligands, we screened a random oligonucleotide library containing an “anchored” CpG motif. We identified a binding consensus that generally conformed to a repeated TTCGGG motif, with the two invariant CpG dinucleotides separated by 6–11 nucleotides. Alteration of the consensus surrounding the dual CpG dinucleotides, or cytosine methylation of a single CpG half-site, eliminated DEAF1 binding. A sequence within the Htr1a promoter that resembles the binding consensus but contains a single CpG motif was confirmed to have low affinity binding with DEAF1. A DEAF1 binding consensus was identified in the EIF4G3 promoter and ChIP assay showed endogenous DEAF1 was bound to the region. We conclude that DEAF1 preferentially binds variably spaced and unmethylated CpG-containing half-sites when they occur within an appropriate consensus.
Cortisol-induced inhibition of ACTH secretion in adult sheep

Abstract Previous results from this laboratory have demonstrated that in preterm fetal sheep (117–131 days gestation), stimulated ACTH secretion is highly sensitive and that in term fetal sheep (129–143 days), stimulated ACTH secretion is insensitive to the negative feedback effects of cortisol. The purpose of this study was to quantitate cortisol negative feedback inhibition of stimulated ACTH secretion in adult sheep. Adult, conscious, nonpregnant ewes, chronically prepared with carotid arterial loops, were infused intravenously with vehicle or cortisol at 4 different rates (denoted Groups I, II, III, and IV) for 5 hours. These infusions increased total and unbound plasma cortisol concentrations within the range observed after stimulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. One hour after termination of the cortisol or vehicle infusions, ACTH secretion was stimulated by intravenous infusion of sodium nitroprusside for 10 min at a rate of 20 μg/kg.min. Cortisol infusions suppressed ACTH responses to nitroprusside in a dose-related manner. After vehicle infusion, nitroprusside increased plasma ACTH to 735 ± 229 pg/ml. After cortisol infusions, nitroprusside increased plasma ACTH to 292 ± 63, 101 ± 30, 73 ± 12, and 67 ± 24 in Groups I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Overall, there was a significant negative exponential relationship between plateau plasma cortisol concentration during the cortisol or vehicle infusion and the peak plasma ACTH concentration during the response to nitroprusside infusion (r = .0.81). The highest rate of cortisol infusion increased total and unbound plasma cortisol concentrations to 40.1 ± 5.7 and 19.5 ± 5.9 ng/ml and completely suppressed the subsequent ACTH response to nitroprusside.
Creation of interdisciplinary programs in computational science (abstract only)

We present the components of model undergraduate and graduate programs in computational science that have been developed as part of the XSEDE Education Program. The models serve as a template to assist institutions in creating formal programs in computational science that span multiple disciplines including the sciences and engineering, mathematics, computer science, and, more recently, social sciences. The aim of the services is to encourage more institutions to consider computational science as a part of their core curriculum and to reduce the time it takes to integrate new materials and programs. The services provided include campus visits to explore program creation in the context of the interests of the current faculty conducting research and instruction that includes computational modeling. XSEDE also sponsors professional development workshops for faculty and students. These include one day to full week workshops focusing on computational science education in various disciplinary areas as well as technical training that focusing on a variety of computational tools and methods. XSEDE has also created an index to sharable instructional materials focused on building a virtual community interested in computational science education. The index will allow faculty and students to find reviewed examples of models, exercises, and instructions that can be incorporated into current and future courses.
Dynamic buckling estimates.

Dynamic buckling of imperfection sensitive models, specifically cylindrical shells under axial compression
The Transition of Closely Opposed Lesions to Double-Strand Breaks during Long-Patch Base Excision Repair Is Prevented by the Coordinated Action of DNA Polymerase δ and Rad27/Fen1

DNA double-strand breaks can result from closely opposed breaks induced directly in complementary strands. Alternatively, double-strand breaks could be generated during repair of clustered damage, where the repair of closely opposed lesions has to be well coordinated. Using single and multiple mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) that impede the interaction of DNA polymerase δ and the 5′-flap endonuclease Rad27/Fen1 with the PCNA sliding clamp, we show that the lack of coordination between these components during long-patch base excision repair of alkylation damage can result in many double-strand breaks within the chromosomes of nondividing haploid cells. This contrasts with the efficient repair of nonclustered methyl methanesulfonate-induced lesions, as measured by quantitative PCR and S1 nuclease cleavage of single-strand break sites. We conclude that closely opposed single-strand lesions are a unique threat to the genome and that repair of closely opposed strand damage requires greater spatial and temporal coordination between the participating proteins than does widely spaced damage in order to prevent the development of double-strand breaks.
The Employment Interview Context: Social and Situational Influences on Interviewer Decisions1

The employment interview context is broad and multifaceted, and it includes a number of social, situational, and affective influences which generate from the interviewee, interviewer, nature of the job in question, and interactions among these factors. The employment interview is proposed to be influenced by nonverbal and self-promotion behaviors of the applicant, interviewer training, and the requirements of the job. These variables then influence the intermediate variables of applicant similarity to the interviewer, perceived competence of the applicant, and interviewer affect toward the applicant. The intermediate variables then influence the perceived job suitability of the applicant. The present study tested and found support for modeling the employment interview context and how it affects interviewer decisions. The contributions and limitations of the present study are discussed, in addition to directions for future research.
Vector quantizer design for the coding of LSF parameters

Techniques for vector quantization of the line spectrum frequency (LSF) representation of speech spectra are described. Applications for spectral vector quantization include very low rate (300 to 1200 bits/s) speech coders, the half rate digital cellular speech coders, and many other linear prediction-based speech coders. Some of the techniques and tradeoffs for the quantization of LSF speech spectra for low data rate coding with minimal distortion are examined. The most important of these is the overlaying of binary trees on split-vector vector quantizing code books. The ultimate goal of this work is the implementation of speech coders on single-chip digital-signal-processing (DSP) architectures for real-time devices. >
Sex ratio of registered live births in the united states, 1942–63

This study explores the relation of the human sex ratio at birth to four selected variables: calendar-year, color, maternal age, and parity of mother. In the analysis of variance, the sex ratio at birth is found to differ significantly by color, age of mother, and birth order of child. No effect of the interaction among these variables is found to be significant, however, and further analyses of the birth data indicate that no generalized effect of the age of mother on the sex ratio can be drawn. The sex ratio of white births was consistently higher than that for nonwhite births—a finding which is consistent with earlier studies. Part of the racial differences can perhaps be explained by differences in socioeconomic environment. For the moment, the differential white-nonwhite sex ratio points to further exploration of causality between different patterns of fertility. Further, the analysis of variance indicated an inverse relation of sex ratios to maternal age. In fact, the downward slopes of the sex ratios become steeper with advancing age of mother. The regressions are curved because the parabolic comparisons are significant. Finally, the order of birth of children is found to be inversely associated with the sex ratio at birth. Moreover, the higher the proportion of first-born children in a given year, the higher were the verall sex ratios. This finding is consistent with previous studies that have shown that birth order ohas a definite effect on the sex ratio at birth, regardless of the age of the mother.