cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
DYNAMIC MODULUS TESTING OF ASPHALT CONCRETE IN INDIRECT TENSION MODE

This study presents the results from an analytical and experimental study on the dynamic modulus testing of hot-mix asphalt using the indirect tension (IDT) mode. An analytical solution for the dynamic modulus in the IDT mode was developed with the use of linear viscoelasticity. To verify the analytical solution, temperature and frequency sweep tests were conducted on 12 asphalt mixtures commonly used in North Carolina; both axial compression and IDT test methods were used. A modified dynamic modulus test protocol is introduced to reduce the required testing time by using more frequencies and fewer temperatures on the basis of the time-temperature superposition principle. A comparison of results from the axial compression and IDT test methods shows that the dynamic modulus master curves and shift factors derived from the two methods are in good agreement. It also was found that Poisson's ratio was a weak function of the loading frequency; its effect on the phase angle master curve is discussed.
17-dB-gain CMOS power amplifier at 60GHz

A 60 GHz power amplifier with 17dB small signal gain is designed and measured using standard 90nm CMOS process technology. Simulation predicted accurate performances. The 3-dB bandwidth exceeding 57 to 65 GHz is achieved. This power amplifier delivers +5.1dBm output P1dB with a maximum gain of 17dB at 61 GHz for 54mW total DC consumption, achieving 5.8% PAE and a saturated output power of +8.4dBm at 60GHz. This is the highest gain CMOS power amplifier operating in the 60 GHz unlicensed band reported till date. The first temperature dependent output power characteristics of 60GHz CMOS power amplifier shows very stable operation over the entire temperature range between 0°C and +80°C.
Regeneration and soma size changes following axotomy of the trochlear nerve

The effects of CNS and PNS axotomy of the IVth nerve on cell death, soma size, axon size, and axon number were investigated. In adult cats, the IVth nerve was axotomised by using four surgical paradigms: (1) peripheral IVth nerve crush, (2) peripheral IVth nerve cut, (3) peripheral IVth nerve resection, and (4) a CNS IVth nerve cut in the velum. The extent of cell death resulting from each surgical paradigm was determined. Following axotomy distal to the decussation of the IVth nerves, cell death was least after nerve crush, intermediate after nerve cut, and maximal after resection of 5–7 mm of the nerve. Following axotomy at the decussation—a CNS lesion—most cells died but some successful regeneration was observed. Soma size measurements following a short-term survival (3 days to 4 weeks) before the regenerating axons reached their target muscle revealed that somas of axotomised cells underwent hypotrophy within 1 week of axotomy and then gradually increased in size. They re-attained normal size by 4 weeks postoperative when regenerating axons first reach their target. Following a long-term survival (>2 months), somas were significantly hypertrophied, and the degree of hypertrophy was inversely related to the extent of cell survival up to a limit of 40% soma size increase. Counts and measurements of axons revealed that mean axon diameter of regenerated axons was much smaller than normal 3 months after axotomy, increased during the third to sixth postoperative months, but then showed no subsequent increase and remained below normal. In animals with cell death varying from 10% to 70%, the number of axons in the nerve was maintained constant at approximately 1,000. These data indicate that there is a mechanism for the production and maintenance of the appropriate number of regenerative axonal branches following axotomy. In animals in which cell death exceeded 70%, the number of axons was controlled by a maximum ratio of 3 to 4 axon branches per surviving cell. The results suggest that axon number is strongly influenced by the target muscle and that hypertrophy of regenerated cells is related to the number of axonal sprouts each cell has to produce and support in order to re-establish the preoperative number of axons in the regenerated trochlear nerve.
Asymmetric Cost Sharing Mechanisms

We describe the construction and analysis of asymmetric Cost Sharing mechanisms, in which a variety of axioms are applied to subsets of the agents/goods. We show that the analysis can be quite subtle as apparently similar axiomatizations lead to significantly different results; in particular, combinations of symmetric mechanisms can be extremely asymmetric and biased. In addition, we characterize some interesting mixed mechanisms.
Exhaustive search for over-represented DNA sequence motifs with cisfinder

We present CisFinder software, which generates a comprehensive list of motifs enriched in a set of DNA sequences and describes them with position frequency matrices (PFMs). A new algorithm was designed to estimate PFMs directly from counts of n-mer words with and without gaps; then PFMs are extended over gaps and flanking regions and clustered to generate non-redundant sets of motifs. The algorithm successfully identified binding motifs for 12 transcription factors (TFs) in embryonic stem cells based on published chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data. Furthermore, CisFinder successfully identified alternative binding motifs of TFs (e.g. POU5F1, ESRRB, and CTCF) and motifs for known and unknown co-factors of genes associated with the pluripotent state of ES cells. CisFinder also showed robust performance in the identification of motifs that were only slightly enriched in a set of DNA sequences.
Pectoralis muscle force and power output during flight in the starling

Force recordings of the pectoralis muscle of European starlings have been made in vivo during level flight in a wind tunnel, based on bone strain recordings at the muscle9s attachment site on the humerus (deltopectoral crest). This represents the first direct measurement of muscle force during activity in a live animal based on calibrated bone strain recordings. Our force measurements confirm earlier electromyographic data and show that the pectoralis begins to develop force during the final one-third of the upstroke, reaches a maximal level halfway through the downstroke, and sustains force throughout the downstroke. Peak forces generated by the pectoralis during level flight at a speed estimated to be 13.7ms −1 averaged 6.4N (28% of maximal isometric force), generating a mean mass-specific muscle power output of 104 W kg −1 . Combining our data for the power output of the pectoralis muscle with data for the metabolic power of starlings flying at a similar speed yields an overall flight efficiency of 13 %. The force recordings and length changes of the muscle, based on angular displacements of the humerus, indicate that the pectoralis muscle undergoes a lengthening--shortening contraction sequence during its activation and that, in addition to lift and thrust generation, overcoming wing inertia is probably an important function of this muscle in flapping flight.
Young Adults in a Wireless World

Settersten (Chap. 1) describes three hallmarks of young adulthood: the need to manage uncertainty, the need for fluid self-definitions, and the need for interdependence. We discuss the implications that rapidly developing technologies such as cell phones and social networking might have in these three areas. The Internet provides constant access to information but requires skills in use and evaluation that young adults may not have. Social media provide the possibility of niche-seeking, which could increase opportunities or stifle exploration. Cell phones and the Internet offer interdependence after leaving the family of origin, but may also hinder autonomy. Students use social networking to facilitate group behavior with real-world implications, as we show with an example of a student-constructed drinking holiday. Social technologies also have implications for family formation (e.g., meeting partners, establishing intimacy, and maintaining long-distance relationships). These technologies have the potential to widen or narrow the gap between individuals from different backgrounds. Finally, we suggest future research directions, including understanding whether (1) rapidly developing technologies lead to qualitatively new sociodevelopmental phenomena, or simply new forms of well-understood phenomena, (2) existing theories of development and family relationships can accommodate behaviors arising from new forms of social technology, and (3) technology brings with it new relationship forms, and what these forms might mean for development in young adulthood.
Combining Visual and Textual Features for Information Extraction from Online Flyers

Information in visually rich formats such as PDF and HTML is often conveyed by a combination of textual and visual features. In particular, genres such as marketing flyers and info-graphics often augment textual information by its color, size, positioning, etc. As a result, traditional text-based approaches to information extraction (IE) could underperform. In this study, we present a supervised machine learning approach to IE from online commercial real estate flyers. We evaluated the performance of SVM classifiers on the task of identifying 12 types of named entities using a combination of textual and visual features. Results show that the addition of visual features such as color, size, and positioning significantly increased classifier performance.
Cyber Dads: What Are Fathers Doing Online?

Based on fathers’ responses to an online survey (N = 253), the comparison of the frequency of fathers’ general online activities and online activities for parenting, and the associations between fathers’ demographics and their online parenting activities were investigated. Furthermore, fathers’ attitudes towards online parenting resources, and the purpose for being involved in online parenting activities were explored. Results revealed that fathers engaged in each online activity significantly more frequently for general than for parenting purposes. Fathers’ age, race, education, income and residential area influenced their online parenting behaviors. Furthermore, despite fathers being comfortable using computers, they did not have a positive attitude toward online parenting resources. Implications for parenting education and family professionals are discussed.
Corticosteroid use as adjunct therapy for respiratory syncytial virus infection in adult allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients.

Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection causes significant morbidity and mortality in allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT) recipients. Although ribavirin and immunoglobulins are common components of therapy, the role of adjunct corticosteroids is not established. Objectives We sought to evaluate corticosteroid utilization in the setting of post-allo-SCT RSV infection in our center and assess post-transplant outcomes including pulmonary function decline. Methods Patients with a history of RSV infection from 2008 to 2014 seen at our institution were identified. Treatment and outcome data were retrospectively collected. Forced expiratory volume at 1 s (FEV1) and carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (DLCO) were collected pre- and post-RSV infection. Results During the observation period, RSV was isolated in 53 of 552 patients undergoing allo-SCT (10%) and 45 had evaluable therapy data. RSV-related mortality in this cohort was 4/45 (9%). Twenty-one (47%) were on corticosteroids prior to RSV diagnosis, of whom 11 (24%) had a dose increase post symptom onset. Eight (18%) patients were started on corticosteroids at the time of RSV infection. Corticosteroid therapy at symptom onset was associated with a higher rate of upper respiratory infection (URTI) to lower respiratory infection (LRTI) progression risk ratio (RR) 2.49 (1.21–5.13; P = 0.016), hospital admission RR 2.05 (1.24–3.37; P = 0.005), or intensive care unit admission RR 2.91 (1.89–5.01; P = 0.002). No significant difference was seen with FEV1 and DLCO decline (P = 0.3 and 0.24, respectively) or mortality (P = 0.26). Conclusion Adjunct corticosteroid use in the setting of RSV infection did not improve RSV-related outcomes including long-term pulmonary function. Our results do not support the routine use of corticosteroids; however, this finding does need to be verified in a larger cohort of patients.
Quality Control in SPECT

This is the second in a series of continuing education articles on SPECT. After studying this article, the reader should be able to: (1) describe quality assurance procedures; (2) discuss the importance of each procedure and time interval of performance; and (3) describe the pitfalls in QA failure.
A Model of Multiattribute Judgments under Attribute Uncertainty and Informational Constraint

A multiattribute judgment model is advanced which is purported to characterize how consumers form evaluations of products when information about products’ attributes is limited and variability or u...
Abstract 425: Fractionated radiation-induced tumor suppressor microRNAs in human prostate carcinoma cells.

To understand the role of microRNAs (miRNA) in regulation of radiation-induced gene expression and to help define potential radiation-inducible targets, miRNA expression was studied in wild type p53 LNCaP and p53-mutated PC3 and DU145 cells. We have previously investigated the changes in the molecular profiles of tumor cells that were exposed to single dose (SD) versus fractionated radiation (MF) in vitro, and identified immune and stress response pathways that were induced by fractionated but not single dose radiation. Methods: Cells were exposed to 5Gy and 10Gy either as SD or MF radiation radiation. Microarray analyses were done using human Agilent miRNA Microarray Kit (V2). Data were analyzed using Gene Spring software. Validation of the miRNA expression and gene expression of miRNA targets was evaluated by real-time RT-PCR analysis. Target filter analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs (>1.5 fold change and p value 1.5fold change, p This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NCI, CCR. Citation Format: C. Norman Coleman, Molykutty John-Aryankalayil, Adeola Y. Makinde, Sanjeewani T. Palayoor. Fractionated radiation-induced tumor suppressor microRNAs in human prostate carcinoma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 425. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-425
Mesophyll-feeding by the potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae): results from electronic monitoring and thin-layer chromatography

The probing behaviors of the potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris), were studied using an AC electronic monitoring system. Observations on two artificial media (water-sucrose solution and agar-sucrose solution) and two host plants (alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., and broad bean, Vicia faba L.) revealed three waveforms correlated with probing behaviors: Ia, representing multiple-cell laceration feeding, the dominant waveform on both hosts; Ib, representing Single-cell puncture-feeding, ingestion of the contents of individual mesophyll cells; and Ic, ingestion with the insect's stylets held motionless. These results plus those from thin-layer chromatography of the host plants and insects show that the potato leafhopper, like many of its typhlocybine relatives, does not ingest strictly from the phloem but also from the mesophyll. However, the potato leafhopper uses a feeding strategy that does not produce leaf stippling; this strategy differs from that of other leafhoppers that ingest from mesophyll.
The Sex Bureaucracy

We are living in a new sex bureaucracy. Saliently decriminalized in the past decades, sex has at the same time become accountable to bureaucracy. In this Article, we focus on higher education to tell the story of the sex bureaucracy. The story is about the steady expansion of regulatory concepts of sex discrimination and sexual violence to the point that the regulated area comes to encompass ordinary sex. The mark of bureaucracy is procedure and organizational form. Over time, federal prohibitions against sex discrimination and sexual violence have been interpreted to require educational institutions to adopt particular procedures to respond, prevent, research, survey, inform, investigate, adjudicate, and train. The federal bureaucracy essentially required nongovernmental institutions to create mini-bureaucracies, and to develop policies and procedures that are subject to federal oversight. That oversight is not merely, as currently assumed, of sexual harassment and sexual violence, but also of sex itself. We call this “bureaucratic sex creep” — the enlargement of bureaucratic regulation of sexual conduct that is voluntary, non-harassing, nonviolent, and does not harm others. At a moment when it is politically difficult to criticize any undertaking against sexual assault, we are writing about the bureaucratic leveraging of sexual violence and harassment policy to regulate ordinary sex. An object of our critique is the bureaucratic tendency to merge sexual violence and sexual harassment with ordinary sex, and thus to trivialize a very serious problem. We worry that the sex bureaucracy is counterproductive to the goal of actually addressing the harms of rape, sexual assault, and sexual harassment. Our purpose is to guide the reader through the landscape of the sex bureaucracy so that its development and workings can be known and debated.
Pathogen surveilliance and analysis on acute flaccid paralysis cases in Jiangsu Province

Objective To understand about serotypes of polio and non-polio enteroviruses and poliovirus(PV)genotype,to confirm whether the ridge of virus wild strains or vaccine strain so as to provide basis on maintaining polio-free status.Methods Surveilliance data were analyzed for reported acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)cases from 2005 to 2013in Jiangsu Province.And strains of all polio virus type were identified by national polio laboratory.Results From 2005 to 2013,a total of 2 413 polio AFP cases stool specimens,252 cases of AFP cases contact stool specimens were received by polio laboratory of Jiangsu Province.AFP cases isolated poliovirus(PV)86cases,with an average annual rate of 3.56%separation;163cases of non-polio enteroviruses isolated(NPEV),an annual separation rate was 6.76%;AFP cases stool specimens contacts PV isolated 12 cases,the average separation rate was 4.76%,isolated NPEV 22 cases,with an average annual rate of 8.73%separation.No wild poliovirus and vaccine-derived poliovirus(VDPV)were found.Conclusion Jiangsu Polio Laboratory qualified by the World Health Organization(WHO)and national polio laboratory on proficiency testing samples,blind samples and site certification assessment,the sensitivity of cell lines also meet WHO requirements.The surveilliance data can provide virology evidence for maintaining polio-free status.
Validation of a pediatric bedside tool to predict time to death after withdrawal of life support.

Validation of a pediatric bedside tool to predict time to death after withdrawal of life support
The Value of Urodynamic Testing in the Management of Neonates with Myelodysplasia: A Prospective Study

AbstractWe report the results of a prospective study conducted to identify neonates with myelomeningocele at risk for changes in the upper urinary tract. Thirty newborns underwent full urological evaluation and were followed for a mean period of 18.2 months. The initial studies included voiding cystourethrography, excretory urography and urodynamic tests. Followup consisted of periodic radiographic studies and repeat urodynamic testing if any changes were observed.According to urodynamic findings the patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 consisted of 9 neonates (30 per cent) with detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia and high pressure, decreased-compliance bladders, and group 2 consisted of 21 children (70 per cent) with atonic bladders and low pressure, reduced-compliance bladders without dyssynergia. In group 1, 55 per cent of the patients had initially abnormal radiographic findings in contrast with 28.5 per cent in group 2. Anticholinergic drugs and clean intermittent catheterization or vesicostomy re...
Privacy-Preserving Power Injection Over a Hybrid AMI/LTE Smart Grid Network

The future smart grid will enable homes to have energy storage units that can store the excess power generated from renewable energy sources and sell it to the grid during the peak hours. Realization of this process, however, requires the utility company to be able to communicate with the storage units whenever needed. Nonetheless, the security and the privacy of this communication is essential to not only ensure a fair energy selling market but also eliminate any privacy concerns of the users due to potential exposure of their energy levels. In this paper, we propose a secure and privacy-preserving power injection querying scheme by exploiting the already available advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) and long-term evolution (LTE) cellular networks. The idea is based on collecting power injection bids from storage units and sending their aggregated value to the utility rather than the individual bids in order to preserve user privacy. We also develop a bilinear pairing-based technique to enable the utility company to ensure the integrity and authenticity of the aggregated bid without accessing the individual bids. In this way, no party will have access to the storage units’ individual bids and use them to achieve unfair financial gains. We implemented the proposed scheme in an integrated AMI/LTE network using the ns-3 network simulator. Our evaluations have demonstrated that the proposed scheme is secure and can protect user privacy with acceptable communication and computation overhead.
Elemental Source-Receptor Techniques for Precipitation and Aerosol: Recent Experiences from Narragansett, Rhode Island

This article describes the University of Rhode Island’s regional elemental tracer system and how it is being used to determine sources of precipitation and aerosol in southern Rhode Island. Tracer elements are measured by neutron activation. In eastern North America, at least five distinct regional signatures exist. In aerosol or precipitation of mixed origin, the tracer elements are apportioned by least-squares procedures; sulfate and nitrate are apportioned by regressing their concentrations against regional coefficients in suites of samples from a given site. In precipitation at Narragansett, summer/winter concentration ratios of (fine-particle) pollution elements are greater than in aerosol, whereas summer/winter ratios for (coarse-particle) natural elements are greater in winter. Snow resembles winter aerosol more than winter rain does, probably because snow is formed at lower altitudes. In apportioning sulfate, summer samples must be treated separately from winter samples; snow must also be kept separate from winter rain. The tracer elements are less northeastern (local) in winter rain than in summer rain, but much more northeastern in snow. Sulfate, however, becomes progressively more northeastern from the warmest to the coldest precipitation; annually, sulfate is 25±3% northeastern. Elements in aerosol are systematically more local than in precipitation, with annual sulfate being 51±2% northeastern. For one year of measurements, nitrate was 13% more northeastern than sulfate. Total deposition of acidity at Narragansett (wet + dry) appears to be about 50% local in origin and 50% distant.
Social Norms, Behavioral Payment Programs, and Cooperative Behaviors: Toward a Theory of Financial Incentives in Normative Systems

Descriptive and injunctive social norms communicated among groups are known to influence behavior, yet little is known about how they evolve over time and how financial incentives influence norms. This article tests hypotheses about the ways in which monetary incentives can disrupt normative impact while facilitating cooperative behavior. The results of a public goods experiment indicate that the presence of a financial incentive for behavior can reduce the impact of perceived descriptive norms on behavior, and this reduction continues once the incentive is removed. The findings show that group identification enhances the effects of perceived descriptive norms on contribution behavior. The study results form the basis for theory building on the role of financial incentives in normative systems (FINS).
Teaching STAMP: High Level Communication Design Concerns for a Domestic Robot

Abstract This past semester, I taught Software Safety at the University of Houston Clear Lake using STAMP as the framework of understanding safety. The students were expected to address the safety design concerns of a research domestic robot our department is developing. This is a general software engineering degree, and as such, the students’ knowledge of the domestic robot domain was virtually non-existent. In a nutshell, what follows are the lessons learned. • After a general description and simple demo of a prototype robot, the students were told of an “accident” involving the domestic robot. The students were to interview the teacher and teaching assistant as eyewitnesses to the accident as accident investigators. • After learning the details of the accident, the students performed a CAST analysis of the accident. Although rudimentary, the students delivered a mini-accident investigation presentation and report. • Following the accident investigation, the students changed hats and became safety designers, using STPA as the tool to describe a high level design of the robot communication system. Presented here are their conclusions and commentary on the academic drill.
Attitude Towards Social Research: Role of Personality and Assessment

This study aims at investigating student attitudinal change towards social research during a semester of five months as a result of participation in the social research course. Sample of this study was comprised of 11 students of the MS Career Counselling & Education Program at the National University of Sciences and Technology and data was solicited at four different stages. Information related to student attitude towards social research was collected through a repeated design and information on personality characteristics was collected once. Though the assessment sought from a group of students does not show statistically significant findings, analyses of individual cases shows meaningful findings. Comparison of personality characteristics and academic performance of the students who scored high versus low on Attitude towards Social Research Scale indicate the importance of conscientiousness, extraversion and openness. Factors such as instructional quality, student personality characteristics, expectations and educational background were found as crucial for further in-depth exploration in this area. This study provides initial paradigm for the epistemology of attitudinal change towards social research.
A Bloody Mess

A 15-year-old girl presented with a unilateral sixth nerve palsy and papilledema after a severe headache. Magnetic resonance imaging showed thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus and proximal right transverse sinus that were attributed to oral contraceptive use after a coagulation workup was negative. Systemic anticoagulation caused a hemorrhagic papillopathy in both eyes, raising the question as to whether anticoagulation should be discontinued. Diagnostic and management issues regarding cerebral venous sinus thrombosis with secondary intracranial hypertension are discussed.
Anxiety Contributes to Poorer Asthma Outcomes in Inner-City Black Adolescents

Background The factors associated with poor asthma control, exacerbations, and health care utilization in black adolescents are complex and not well understood. Although psychological comorbidities such as anxiety are common in patients with asthma, these have not been studied in this population. Objective This study characterized anxiety and associated asthma features in a cohort of black inner-city adolescents with persistent asthma and determined the association between anxiety symptoms, persistent uncontrolled asthma, and prospective health care utilization over 1 year. Methods Eighty-six black adolescents were enrolled, phenotyped, and screened for anxiety symptoms with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale anxiety subscale (HADS-A). Participants were telephoned every 2 months and a second study visit was completed at 1 year. Primary outcomes included persistent uncontrolled asthma, asthma exacerbations requiring systemic corticosteroids, and unscheduled health care utilization during the 1-year study period. Results A total of 31% (n = 27) of adolescents had probable anxiety (ie, HADS-A score >7) and 27% (n = 23) had possible anxiety (ie, HADS-A score 5-7) at the baseline visit. Anxiety symptoms were associated with poorer asthma control, more impaired quality of life, and more insomnia symptoms. Adolescents with probable anxiety disorders also had increased odds of persistent uncontrolled asthma and emergency department utilization, with no differences in physician visits or systemic corticosteroid receipt. Conclusions Inner-city black adolescents with persistent asthma have a high prevalence of anxiety symptoms associated with poorer asthma control, impaired quality of life, insomnia, and increased prospective emergency department utilization for asthma. Routine screening for anxiety disorders may be useful in the clinical management of adolescents with asthma.
Comparison and Fusion of Methods and Future Research

In this chapter, we first compare General Line Coordinates with other visualization methods that were not analyzed in the previous chapters yet.﻿ Then we summarize some comparisons that were presented in other chapters. Next, the hybrid approach that fuses General Line Coordinates with other methods is summarized along with the outline of the future research.﻿﻿
Strategies for Governing: Reinventing Public Administration for a Dangerous Century

Excerpt from book. Leaders of modern-day states face an extraordinary challenge. They must devise a strategy for leading their countries toward security, order, prosperity, well-being and justice. They must design and build institutions that will put their strategy into practice. And they must deal with the vicissitudes of time and chance, adapting strategies and institutions in response to altered circumstances and unexpected events. To do this well, leaders need advice about the machinery of government -- how it should be designed and built, how it ought to be run, and how it can be disassembled and reconstructed. Researchers who work in the academic discipline of public administration should be expert in providing this sort of advice. And at one time, they did aspire to provide that sort of expertise. But the field of public administration took a wrong turn forty years ago, and slowly moved away from large and important questions about the governance of modern-day states. The purpose of this book is to map a way back to the main road.
Granulomatous Invasive Aspergillus flavus Infection Involving the Nasal Sinuses and Brain

Invasive fungal infections are commonly associated with some form of immunosuppression. On the nasal epithelial surface, Aspergillus flavus, under favorable conditions, can aggressively breach multiple cell lines invading the local tissues. We present the case of a 35-year-old woman with granulomatous invasive Aspergillus flavus infection involving the nasal sinuses and the brain. Antifungal agents administered in the previous episodes contained the infection; however, the infected site evolved over time surrounded with calcified tissues in the left maxillary sinus. The current infection involved the other side of the maxillary sinus and extended to the orbital cavity eroding the parts of the skull and retro-orbital structures and was treated with a long course of isavuconazole therapy.
Central Nervous System Involvement in Multiple Myeloma Patients in the Era of Novel Therapies (P07.005)

OBJECTIVE: The presentation, risk factors, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with central nervous system myelomatosis (CNS-MM) in the era of novel medical therapies. BACKGROUND: CNS-MM is very rare and historically has been associated with a poor prognosis. However, nearly all published reports of CNS-MM are before the widespread use of proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory agents. These novel therapies improved the myeloma treatment landscape; increasing overall survival (OS) by 50% and making myeloma a chronic disease for some. DESIGN/METHODS: From February 1998 to June 2012, we retrospectively identified 9 CNS-MM cases in our tertiary care center. Diagnosis required neuroimaging findings of parenchymal brain lesions, cranial nerve or leptomeningeal enhancement or diagnostic cerebrospinal fluid. RESULTS: All but one patient received thalidomide or lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone prior to the diagnosis of CNS-MM. Seven underwent stem cell transplantation. Four had cytogenetic abnormalities indicative of poor prognosis including chromosome 1q gain and translocation (4;14). CNS-MM disease detection occurred a median of 19 months (range 5-58) after myeloma diagnosis. Common neurological symptoms included paresthesia (n=6), vision changes (n=5), confusion (n=3), and seizure (n=2). CNS directed therapies included intrathecal chemotherapy (n=4), whole brain radiation (n=3), involved field radiation (n=3), and high dose methotrexate therapy (n=1). Three patients received multiple therapies. Median OS was 3 months (range 1-12) after CNS-MM diagnosis. Four patients remain alive after 24.5 months of follow up. CONCLUSIONS: This represents the largest case series of CNS-MM in the era of novel therapies, where patients with high risk molecular findings are at increased risk of developing CNS involvement. Molecular findings of adverse prognosis were seen in 4/9 of patients. The prognosis of patients with CNS-MM remains dismal and highlights the need for more research to improve these outcomes. Disclosure: Dr. Majd has nothing to disclose. Dr. Demopoulos has received personal compensation for activities with Schering Plough and Enzon. Dr. Demopoulos has received personal compensation for activities with UpToDate. Dr. Chari received personal compensation from Celgene for consulting services.
Economically Efficient and Politically Sustainable Economic Contraction

If the 1960s were known as the era of economic growth, it is likely that the 1970s and 1980s will be known as the era of economic contraction. Major universities are already facing this problem and the fiscal crisis of our cities is forcing more and more people to come to grips with it.
Paradoxes in Law Enforcement

Ernest F. Roberts is Professor of Law at Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania. He also teaches a course on Criminal Law and Procedure in the police program at The Community College of Temple University, which program was introduced in the Fall of 1960. This article was presented originally to the Professional Police Organization of the Delaware Valley, and because of its thought provoking quality, we are privileged in being able to present it to our readers.-EDITOR.
Vectorial Hankel Operators

In this chapter we study Hankel operators on spaces of vector functions. We prove in §2 a generalization of the Nehari theorem which describes the bounded block Hankel matrices of the form \( {\left\{ {{\Omega _{j}}_{{ + k}}} \right\}_{{j,k}}} \geqslant 0\), where the Ωj are bounded linear operators from a Hilbert space H to another Hilbert space K. The proof is based on a more general result on completing matrix contractions. This result is obtained in §1. Namely, we obtain in §1 a necessary and sufficient condition on Hilbert space operators A, B, and C for the ex- istence a Hilbert space operator Z such that the block matrix \( \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} A & B \\ C & Z \\\end{array} } \right)\) is a contraction (i.e., has norm at most 1). Moreover, we describe in §1 all solutions of this completion problem. Note that the results of §2 will be used in Chapter 5 to parametrize all solutions of the Nehari problem.
Lipid Modification of Proteins: Targeting to Membranes

Lipid modification encompasses the covalent linkage of three major classes of hydrophobic groups to proteins: fatty acids (myristate and/or palmitate), isoprenoids (farnesyl or geranylgeranyl), and glycosylphosphatidyl inositol (GPI) anchors. Attachment of each of these moieties regulates protein structure, intracellular localization, and function. Membrane interactions are essential for the function of many lipid-modified proteins. The nature of the modifying group determines the strength and specificity of membrane association. Proteins that are modified by myristate or farnesyl require a second signal, either a polybasic region or palmitate, to bind tightly to a membrane, whereas attachment of geranylgeranyl or a GPI anchor is sufficient for stable attachment to a lipid bilayer. Multiple types of mechanisms exist to allow lipid-modified proteins to undergo reversible membrane binding. Cycles of palmitoylation/depalmitoylation are operative for palmitoylated proteins, while myristoylated or farnesylated proteins use a switch mechanism to sequester the lipid group and promote release from the membrane. Lipid modification is also responsible for regulating protein trafficking throughout the cell and targeting proteins to specific subcellular organelles. Given the involvement of lipid-modified proteins in cancer and other disorders, drugs that inhibit lipid modification have the potential to be efficacious for treatment of human diseases.
Realism and Idealism: Evolutionary Epistemology

The conclusion of the preceding chapter is likely to produce a variety of reactions. In particular, it is likely to reopen the question of realism and idealism. The idealist has been patiently biding his time since the conclusion of Chapter III. There, you will recall, I completed the argument, begun with the exploration of Realist Cores in Chapter II, that, for the kinds of beings which we are — for apperceptive, temporally discursive intelligences — idealism (“from within”) is not a possible metaphysics. Now, however, since I have divorced the concept of correctness entirely from the correspondences posited by the Criteriological Realist, since I have, in this way, “divided through by the world”, our idealist comes to life again. He begins by reminding us of another Kantian distinction. In establishing that idealism is not a possible metaphysics for us “from within”, he claims, what I have shown is that we must be Empirical Realists. But now I have gone on, as he suspected, to secure the balance of the Kantian picture. Kant, he reminds us, was an Empirical Realist — but he was also a Transcendental Idealist. Idealism may not be a possible metaphysics “from within” — but it is the only possible metaphysics “from outside”!
Anthropogenic and soil environmental drivers of arbuscular mycorrhizal community composition differ between grassland ecosystems

Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plants are sensitive to a myriad of underlying factors, including soil chemistry and land-use disturbances. Here we address how two grass...
Social baseline theory and the social regulation of emotion.

Social relationships are powerfully associated with human health and wellbeing. Those who are socially isolated suffer a host of difficulties, from emotional pain to increased risk for illness and even death (House, Landis, & Umberson, 1988). By contrast, those who are embedded in a rich social network-and particularly those who inhabit satisfying close relationships-enjoy attenuated stress-related autonomic and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity (Eisenberger, Taylor, Gable, Hilmert, & Lieberman, 2007; Flinn & England, 1997; Lewis & Ramsay, 1999) and lower risk for both physical and psychological maladies (Moak & Agrawal, 2010). Although many things may contribute to the salubrious effects of social relationships, there is increasing awareness that a major factor is the provision of perceived security that regulates negative emotion and physiological reactivity (Coan, 2008). We think of this as the social regulation of emotion and believe further that the emotion-regulatory effects of social relationships represent a major human adaptation-one that forms part of the foundation of the human ecology, which can itself be found, more than any specific terrestrial environment or diet, in the company of other humans.
Big Data-Infused Service Encounters: Augmenting Emotional Labor and Improving Organizational Outcomes: An Abstract

Combining emotional regulation and role/script theories, this conceptual paper proposes a model that explores how firms can harness insights from big data to augment emotional labor, optimize the service encounter, and thus provide positive outcomes for the firm. Specifically, emotional regulation theory suggests that surface acting decreases and deep acting increases the customer’s perceived customer orientation (PCO), resulting in increased positive word of mouth (WOM). Role/script theory proposes that big data analytics provide firms with information that can be used to shield FLEs from emotional dissonance and depletion, moderating the relationships between the strategies used by employees to regulate their emotions and PCO. The paper furthermore argues that the benefits streaming from big data analytics are largely determined by firms’ data verification ability. Therefore, managers are urged to effectively leverage big data techniques in managing emotional labor in the service dyad while strengthening their data verification capabilities. Empirical research to quantify the effects of firms’ verification ability on successful deployment of big data analytics in the service encounter is encouraged.
Layered and Truncated Conductors

The subject of this chapter is the eddy-current inspection of test-pieces that are coated, layered, or truncated. It is presumed that various surfaces of the test-piece significantly perturb the induced eddy currents and that the effect of those surfaces must be taken into account to properly interpret the observed eddy-current probe coil impedance. The discussion includes a description of impedance-plane diagrams for surface coils, encircling coils, and bobbin coils in relation to coated, layered, or truncated test-pieces with planar or cylindrical surfaces. The effect of the test-piece edge on the observed probe coil impedance is also described.
Parental restrictive feeding with Latinx adolescents: Examining the role of adolescent effortful control

Abstract The objective of this study was to test if youth effortful control, a general process of self-regulation that is rooted in temperament, uniquely predicts maternal restrictive feeding with Latinx adolescents above and beyond demographic/contextual factors, prior use of restrictive feeding, and common markers of obesity-proneness. The study sample consisted of Latinx fifth and sixth graders and their mothers residing in the Midwestern U.S. (N = 97 dyads). Effortful control, maternal restrictive feeding, demographic/contextual factors, and markers of obesity proneness were measured across two waves of data collection approximately one year apart. Results demonstrated an inverse relation between effortful control and maternal restrictive feeding after controlling for Time 1 demographic/contextual factors, maternal BMI, maternal restrictive feeding, youth BMI z-score, and perceived youth weight. Future directions include testing for the presence of an ironic feedback process such that Latinx mothers' attempts to overcome deficits in their children's self-regulation skills through restrictive feeding may be inadvertently maintaining the problem.
We’re Missing Someone: The Lack of Black Leaders in Maryland Church Schools

AbstractThis qualitative study explored perceptions of leadership within the Maryland Association of Christian Schools (MACS) concerning the lack of Black administrators—specifically, the perceptio...
Complementary, Surgical, and Experimental Modalities for Management of Premature Ejaculation

Research on the prevalence and management of premature ejaculation (PE) has historically been hampered by lack of clarity regarding what constitutes early ejaculation of clinical relevance; thus, inclusion criteria for studies on PE have often been heterogeneous. There has been a recent movement towards subclassification of early ejaculation into four separate conditions: (i) lifelong (or primary) PE, (ii)acquired (or secondary) PE, (iii)PE-like disorder (ejaculation-related distress in a patient whose ejaculatory latency is within the population-based reference range), and (iv) natural variable PE (occasional short ejaculatory latency in men who otherwise have normal ejaculatory function).The majority of clinical research to date has focused on the condition now most clearly understood as lifelong PE.
Current State of DIII-D Plasma Control System

Abstract The DIII-D Plasma Control System (PCS) is a comprehensive software and hardware system used in real-time data acquisition and feedback control of numerous actuators on the DIII-D tokamak. It regulates many plasma characteristics including shape, position, divertor function, and core performance. The custom software developed at DIII-D provides an expandable platform from which new control algorithms can be incorporated. PCS has been expanding with the needs of the DIII-D research program, national, and international institutions that have adapted the PCS for use on their devices. The DIII-D PCS group in collaboration with many national and international groups have been instrumental in steadily improving the effectiveness and capability of the system. Enhancements on two key areas have been made: computer infrastructure upgrades and real time diagnostics control.
Differentiating between First Offenses and Repeat Offenses

I present a model where a regulator monitors compliance with a policy by a population of individuals, some of whom repeatedly prefer to violate the policy while others occasionally want to experiment. I show that the regulator can use sanctions, contingent on past violations of the policy, to differentiate between the agents and improve welfare. As a result, a regulator prefers investing in enforcement rather than use maximal sanctions.
The minimum wage and seasonal employment: Evidence from the US agricultural sector

Nearly 40% of agricultural workers in the United States earn an hourly wage that is within 10% of the prevailing state‐level minimum wage. We evaluate the impact of the minimum wage on farm employment using county‐level data from the United States Census of Agriculture. We employ long‐differences specifications and find evidence of a dynamic, negative effect of the minimum wage on seasonal agricultural employment, but no effect on year‐round agricultural employment. We estimate a long‐run elasticity of total agricultural employment with respect to the minimum wage of about −0.40, which is both statistically and economically significant. Employers’ total expenditures on hired agricultural workers are not affected by the minimum wage. Finally, our analysis suggests that increases in minimum wages may lead to higher capital investment as well as the consolidation of farming operations in the agricultural sector.
Documenting the Black Lives Matter Movement in Baltimore through Contemporary Collecting: An Initiative of the National Museum of African American History and Culture:

Immediately following the social unrest in Baltimore, Maryland, in 2015, the Smithsonian’s National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC) in Washington, D.C., began acquiring arti...
The Intellectual as a Contemporary Phenomenon

A reading of Spinoza and Negri in order to rethink the terms of intellectual contemporaneity in liberatory rather than merely historical terms.