cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Midcourse Space Experiment Data Certification and Technology Transfer

The University of Alabama in Huntsville contributes to the Technical Management of the Midcourse Space Experiment Program, to the Certification of the Level 2 data produced by the Midcourse Space Experiment's suite of in-orbit imaging radiometers, imaging spectro-radiometers and an interferometer and to the Transfer of the Midcourse Space Experiment Technology to other Government Programs. The Technical Management of the Midcourse Space Experiment Program is expected to continue through out the spacecraft's useful life time. The Transfer of Midcourse Space Experiment Technology to other government elements is expected to be on a demand basis by the United States Government and other organizations. The University, of Alabama Huntsville' contribution specifically supports the Principal Investigator's Executive Committee, the Deputy Principal Investigator for Data Certification and Technology Transfer team, the nine Ultraviolet Visible Imagers and Spectrographic Imagers (UVISI) and the Pointing and Alignment of all eleven of the science instruments. The science instruments effectively cover the 0.1 to 28 micron spectral region. The Midcourse Space Experiment spacecraft, launched April 24, 1996, is expected to have a 5 year useful lifetime. The cryogenically cooled IR sensor, SPIRIT III, performed through February, 1997 when its cryogen expired. A pre-launch, ground based calibration of the instruments provided a basis for the pre-launch certification of the Level 2 data base these instruments produce. With the spacecraft in-orbit the certification of the instrument's Level 2 data base was extended to the in-orbit environment.
Adsorption/Desorption of toluene on clay minerals

Abstract Adsorption/desorption of toluene on montmorillonite, illite, and kaolinite was studied using the batch equilibrium method. The isotherms measured fit the Freundlich equation (r2 >0.95). Montmorillonite adsorbed more toluene than illite or kaolinite; the adsorption of toluene on illite and kaolinite was not significantly different. Adsorption of toluene by montmorillonite showed an exponential increase as the ratio of toluene to clay was increased from 5 to 100. The rate studies showed that 62% of the adsorption was completed within 6 h. A rapid desorption was observed initially, followed by slow desorption after 1 h. The desorption rate decreased as the time of adsorption was increased. Almost all of the adsorbed toluene was extracted with water from the clay when the adsorption time was 0.1 h, but only 61% of the toluene could be desorbed when the adsorption time was 24 h.
New Assay Procedure for Separation of Mycoplasmas from Virus Pools and Tissue Culture Systems

Abstract Presence of mycoplasma organisms in tissue culture systems and virus pools was detected by titration of the contaminated material on agarose-suspended BHK21/13S cells. The use of this method permitted isolation of mycoplasmas which could not be detected by standard assay methods. Mycoplasma colonies at concentrations ranging from 104 to 106 colony-forming units/ml in agarose-BHK21/13S media could be distinguished from virus plaques, and the two populations of microorganisms could be easily disassociated either by electron microscopy or by biological methods. All isolated mycoplasmas were identified in growth inhibition tests as belonging to the GDL group. The growth inhibition test on agarose-BHK21/13S cell suspension plates could also be applied directly to those strains which could not be isolated by standard assay procedures.
Systematics of Large-Scale Radio Jets

ZRadio jets occur in sources with a wide range of radio luminosities, and in 70% to 80% of nearby radio galaxies. There may be two basic types of large-scale (>1 kpc) jet — B // -dominated one-sided jets in sources with luminous radio cores, and B / -dominated two-sided jets in sources with weak radio cores. The large-scale jets that have been observed at high linear resolution are well collimated within a few kpc of their cores, then flare and recollimate further out. Their brightness-radius evolution is often “subadiabatic”.
Use of a Continuous External Tissue Expander in Total Ankle Arthroplasty: A Novel Augment to Wound Closure.

Despite major improvements in surgical technique and implant designs in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA), wound healing complications are still commonly encountered. Not only do these problems delay postoperative recovery and threaten functional outcomes, they also carry an increased risk of progression to deep wound infection, which can jeopardize ultimate retention of the implant. In an effort to reduce the high frequency of wound-related complications after TAA, we have incorporated the use of continuous external tissue expansion (CETE) to augment our closures of the anterior ankle incision. CETE is an innovative technique that is currently being used to aid in the rapid closure of acute and chronic full thickness soft tissue defects, including fasciotomy wounds, high grade open fractures, and chronic foot ulcers. By exploiting the viscoelastic properties of the skin, this technique not only facilitates wound edge approximation of full thickness defects, it also helps take tension off tenuous incisions, ...
Supports and barriers to higher education and employment for individuals diagnosed with mental illness

OBJECTIVE: This study examined supports and barriers to higher education and employment based on quantitative and qualitative reports of individuals diagnosed with mental illness who were enrolled in a program that addressed higher education and employment goals. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-eight adult participants with various mental health diagnoses. METHODS: A one-group posttest quantitative survey design and qualitative focus groups were used. RESULTS: The mean number of supports for higher education was 9.8 and for employment was 6.2. Quantitative supports with the highest endorsement rates reflected a combination of supports internal and external to the individual. The qualitative data reflected supports primarily external to the individual. The mean number of barriers for higher education was 4.8 and for employment was 4.25. Barriers common to both higher education and employment in the quantitative and qualitative data reflected internal barriers such as fears and anxieties, lost motivation and inability to concentrate. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative and qualitative results demonstrate that substantial internal and external supports and barriers exist for individuals diagnosed with mental illness with goals of higher education and employment. Individuals would benefit from an approach that is customized and includes an evaluation of supports and barriers and internal and external resources to address them.
Global Networks and Domestic Policy Convergence: A Network Explanation of Policy Changes

National economies are embedded in complex networks such as trade, capital flows, and intergovernmental organizations (igo s). These globalization forces impose differential impacts on national economies depending on a country’s network positions. This article addresses the policy convergence-divergence debate by focusing on how networks at the international level affect domestic fiscal, monetary, and regulatory policies. The author presents two hypotheses: first, similarity in network positions induces convergence in domestic economic policies as a result of peer competitive pressure. Second, proximity in network positions facilitates policy learning and emulation, which result in policy convergence. The empirical analysis applies a latent-space model for relational/dyadic data and indicates that position similarity in the network of exports induces convergence in fiscal and regulatory policies; position similarity in the network of transnational portfolio investments induces convergence in fiscal policies; and position proximity in igo networks is consistently associated with policy convergence in fiscal, monetary, and regulatory policies.
1456 SHORT-LATENCY SENSORY-MEDIATED EFFECTS ON CARDIAC CYCLE TIME IN NEWBORNS

In adults, there is an inverse relationship between the onset of a simple tone relative to the beginning of a cardiac cycle and the duration of the associated interbeat interval. This effect of interest because it reflects the activity of brain areas impinging upon vagal motoneurones independent of baroreceptor reflexes. In an investigation of the effects of auditory stimulation upon HR response in healthy newborns, we randomly presented 1-sec, 75 dB-A, 250 Hz squarewave tones to 28 infants. Analysis of interbeat interval as a function of the quintile of the cardiac cycle in which the onset of the tone occurred, demonstrated that, like adults, the newborn exhibits a longer interbeat interval when tone onset occurs early in the cardiac cycle (non-parametric linear trend test p < .05). This short-latency, sensory-mediated effect on cardiac cycle in newborns, which parallels adult effects, is promising as a technique for assessing maturation of intra-cranial mechanisms of cardiac control. Investigations with adults have demonstrated that cardiac cycle time effects are sensitive to cognitive manipulations. The existence of these effects in the newborn implies that neural pathways involved in processing external information may by assessed early in life with this simple, non-invasive procedure.
Effects of genotype, culture medium and embryo developmental stage on the in vitro responses from ovule cultures of interspecific hybrids of Alstroemeria

An ovule culture procedure to rescue hybrid embryos from incompatible interspecific crosses of Alstroemeria was developed. Genotype, the developmental stage of embryo and the culture medium were found to have essential roles in the success of ovule culture. Ovules from 10 interspecific crosses showed different in vitro responses in the percentages of embryo germination, callus production and/or shoot development from the germinated embryos. Responsive genotypes with greater than 15% embryo germination were identified. Ovules collected at 7 days after pollination resulted in 53.3% embryo germination after 10 weeks of culture on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 146 mg/l glutamine, 30 g/l sucrose and pH 5.5. This was significantly higher than those from 4 and 10 DAP, which had a germination rate of 14.2 and 12.5%, respectively. Ovules cultured on MS basal medium had a significantly higher embryo germination rate of 33.3% than those cultured on B5 basal medium which averaged 10%. The addition of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and benzyladenine reduced the rate of embryo germination and shoot development.
3H-uridine incorporation by regenerating retinal ganglion cells of goldfish

Abstract Tritiated uridine incorporation and RNA synthesis was compared using radioautographic methods in retinal ganglion cells of intact goldfish and of goldfish whose optic tracts had been sectioned 2–90 days previously. At 3 days postoperatively, the radioautographic reaction over the retinal ganglion cells abruptly increased and remained elevated throughout the period of regeneration (28 days). Grain counts returned to normal levels at 90 days. There was little indication of change in turnover rates of RNA within the regenerating cells. It is suggested that the increase in incorporation of RNA precursors may represent a primary event in the initiation of the axon regeneration in goldfish.
Minimum area, the flux tube, and Thomas precession

Quark confinement in Buchm\"{u}ller's picture of a rotating flux tube is reconsidered in the context of a minimum area evaluation of the Wilson loop. The question is asked whether resulting spin independent dynamics are consistent with Thomas precessional spin dependence leading from electric confinement. The answer appears to be in the negative; self-consistency of the picture found in the literature is examined and explained in simple classical terms, with illustrations.
Effects of systemic morphine on responses of primates to first or second pain sensations

Despite evidence that systemic morphine preferentially attenuates second pain sensations that are presumed to result from activation of unmyelinated (C) nociceptors, most animal models of nociception elicit sensations that result from or are dominated by activation of myelinated (A-delta) nociceptors. Therefore, methods were developed to directly compare the effects of morphine on late (second) pain sensations and early onset (first) pain sensations in an animal model. In order to establish appropriate stimulus parameters, human psychophysical experiments compared characteristics of sensations evoked by brief (pulsed) thermal stimulation and ramp-and-hold thermal stimulation. Brief (500 msec) contact of a pre-heated thermode with the skin produced late pain sensations with peripheral conduction velocities in the range of C afferents, as estimated by latencies from stimulation of proximal and distal sites on the leg. The sensations evoked by brief contact increased with successive contacts (pulses) at 0.4 Hz, demonstrating temporal summation of sensation intensity. Pretreatment of the skin with capsaicin enhanced the late pain sensations from pulsed stimulation. In contrast, peak sensations evoked by ramp-and-hold thermal stimulation were evoked at similar latencies from disparate sites on the leg, and capsaicin pretreatment of the skin did not increase the magnitude of these sensations. The pulsed and ramp-and-hold forms of stimulation were used in a paradigm designed to test for differential effects of systemic morphine on operant responses of non-human primates. Low doses of morphine reduced operant responding to pulsed thermal contact, while higher doses were required to affect responses to ramp-and-hold thermal stimulation. The low doses of morphine did not suppress non-nociceptive (intertrial) motor responses, indicating that motor inhibition was not responsible for the effects on escape responses to pulsed stimulation. Measurements of skin temperature 10 cm from the site of stimulation showed that morphine had no effect on baseline temperature but attenuated changes in skin temperature that were elicited by pulsed and by ramp-and-hold stimulation. This effect of morphine on skin temperature responses could not account for the reduction of operant responsivity to thermal stimulation. These results support previous findings that systemic morphine preferentially attenuates second pain sensations, and a new animal model of morphine-sensitive thermal nociception is established. These findings demonstrate the importance of defining the sources of afferent input and the response measures in experiments which attempt to measure antinociceptive effects of pharmacological agents.
Toward real-time performance benchmarks for Ada

Benchmarks are developed to measure the Ada notion of time, the Ada features believed important to real-time performance, and other time-related features that are not part of the language, but are part of the run-time system; these benchmarks are then applied to the language and run-time system, and the results evaluated.
Anisotropic Iron Motion in Nitrosyl Iron Porphyrinates: Natural and Synthetic Hemes

The vibrational spectra of two five-coordinate nitrosyl iron porphyrinates, [Fe(OEP)(NO)] (OEP = dianion of 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethylporphyrin) and [Fe(DPIX)(NO)] (DPIX = deuteroporphyrin IX), have been studied by oriented single-crystal nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy. Single crystals (both are in the triclinic crystal system) were oriented to give vibrational spectra perpendicular to the porphyrin plane. Additionally, two orthogonal in-plane measurements that were also either perpendicular or parallel to the projection of the FeNO plane onto the porphyrin plane yield the complete set of vibrations with iron motion. In addition to cleanly enabling the assignment of the FeNO bending and stretching modes, the measurements reveal that the two in-plane spectra from the parallel and perpendicular in-plane directions for both compounds have substantial differences. The assignment of these in-plane vibrations were aided by density functional theory predictions. The differences in the two in-plane...
Surgery for valvar and supravalvar aortic stenosis

Abstract Valvar aortic stenosis is the most common cause of congenital left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Patients may present as neonates with congestive heart failue from critical aortic stenosis or as children with minimal symptoms or an asymptomatic murmur. Surgical repair is indicated for severe symptoms and for transvalvar pressure gradients >50 mm Hg. Open surgical valvotomy is the procedure of choice, although repeat valvotomy or valve replacement may be required subsequently. Supravalvar aortic stenosis is an unusual form of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction with focal or diffuse narrowing of the aorta above the sinuses of Valsalva. Indications for surgery are the same as for valvar aortic stenosis, and the techniques of aortoplasty are described.
Improved chest recoil using an adhesive glove device for active compression-decompression CPR in a pediatric manikin model.

Objective We developed an adhesive glove device (AGD) to perform ACD-CPR in pediatric manikins, hypothesizing that AGD-ACD-CPR provides better chest decompression compared to standard (S)-CPR.
High-Field Iron Core Magnets

Compact, highly saturated iron window frame dipoles and quadrupoles have been computed with computer programs. Systematic and random aberrations in relation with the saturation have been studied.
Stochastic models for chemical reactions: II. The unimolecular rate constant

Based on the author's stochastic treatment of the unimolecular reaction which contains a mathematical rationale for considering random fluctuations inherent in the reaction mechanism (Bartholomay, 1958,Bull. Math. Biophysics,20, 175-90), a new and simple formula is derived for calculating the rate constants of such reactions. This formula is then applied to data from the literature and the results compared with estimates obtained alternatively using current methods which attribute all irregularities about the usually expected smooth, decaying exponential curve to extraneous causes unrelated to reaction mechanism. Both estimates are seen to be almost identical despite the opposing assumptions about the origin of the random component of the kinetic data of such reactions.
An expert system for evaluating Siberian Huskies

The ideal physical structures of purebred dogs are defined in the American Kennel Club (AKC) standards for their breeds. One of these breeds is the Siberian Husky, a medium-sized working dog first bred in Siberia to pull dog-sleds. A rule-based prototype expert system evaluates Siberian Huskies with respect to their standard. The system's knowledge base is derived from the AKC standard for Siberian Huskies, the literature on measuring and evaluating dogs, and interviews with two experts. Given a collection of measurements and observations of a Siberian, the system generates a report that notes any of the dog's features that deviate from the standard. In tests on 22 Siberian Huskies, the system's evaluations closely matched those of the two experts and, in two cases, clarified problems that the experts had been unable to articulate.
Quartz fiber calorimetry for LHC experiments

Abstract Particle detection in the very forward region is one of the most crucial and at the same time one of the most difficult tasks in experiments at the future Large Hadron Collider. So far, survival of the detector in the intense radiation levels that characterize this region has been the (only) guiding principle in proposals for very forward calorimeters. In this paper, we discuss a type of detector that is not only adequate in radiation hardness, but also optimized with respect to the very specific requirements that a very forward calorimeter in an LHC experiment has to fulfill in order to be useful for the study of the physics for which it is intended. The detector consists of a large number of quartz fibers embedded in a copper (or iron) matrix and is based on the detection of Cherenkov light produced by relativistic shower particles in the fibers. We discuss the arguments for the choice of quartz, copper/iron and the fiber structure and the unique calorimeter properties that result from this choice. We present Monte Carlo simulations assessing the characteristics and the expected performance of this calorimeter.
A NEW GRAPHICAL TARGETING METHOD FOR WATER MINIMISATION

Abstract This paper presents a new graphical method for targeting fresh water and wastewater minimisation. The new approach is based upon a new representation of water composite curves and the concept of water surplus. This is used to construct a water surplus diagram, which is similar to the grand composite curve in heat pinch analysis. The method has several advantages over existing techniques, such as being able to deal with a wider range of water-using operations as well as having more convenient and familiar representations. Also, the targets are unique and are not dependent on any assumed mixing arrangement. The paper briefly discusses network design and also considers two areas (process modifications and water regeneration) where the insights obtained from the graphical tools are most valuable.
Hazards and the built environment: attaining built-in resilience

Hazards and the built environment: attaining built-in resilience, edited by Lee Bosher, Routledge, 2008, 382 pp., US$68.95 (Paperback), ISBN 978-0-415-42730-2 This is an ambitious book well edited ...
Dynamic rerouting of guaranteed Quality-of-Service connections

To support the widespread demands for integrated services various solutions have been proposed to provide guaranteed Quality-of-Service (QoS) services in packetswitched networks. These solutions usually require fixed route selection and resource reservation on a per connection basis. The routing and reservation decisions, combined with load fluctuations, introduce the problems of network unavailability and loss of network management flexibility. We believe that these problems can be alleviated by transparently rerouting connections to properly balance the network load. In this paper, we present a solution that supportstransparent route modification ofguaranteed QoS connections during the life time of the connections. As the emphasis of this work is to support transparency we must ensure that during and after the rerouting, the QoS guarantees made to the client are preserved, and the interface instances at both the sender and receiver are unaltered. Our solution includes the mechanisms that support the transparent rerouting of connections, and a routing algorithm that is based on the traffic characteristics, the delay, and the jitter requirements of a connection. This routing algorithm can also use various administrative constraints and facilitate the reuse of resources currently reserved by the connection. To optimize the solution, additional mechanisms have been introduced to reduce the time needed to reroute a connection and to support rerouting of segments of a connection. The solution has been implemented in the context of the Tenet scheme and route changes can be observed and controlled by using the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv 1). Simulation experiments and some initial measurements of the implementation demonstrate that such a scheme is useful, practical, and can be achieved with load overhead.
Technology and plasma-materials interaction processes of tokamak disruptions

Report on the Workshop held at the 10th PSI Conference, Monterey, California, United States of America, 3 April 1992.
1002 MECONIUM STAINED (MS) AMNIOTIC FLUID - A USEFUL ANTENATAL INDEX OF FETAL MATURITY AND RISK TO HMD

A negative implication is commonly associated with MS amniotic fluid. Most frequently, it is indicative of fetal distress or asphyxia. We report that the finding of MS amniotic fluid has a positive, clinical usefulness. It is a highly accurate antenatal index of fetal maturity and the risk of the infant to HMD. From 1973-1976, we reviewed the maturity and incidence of HMD among 1165 MS infants. Gestational age in LBW infants was assessed by the Dubowitz score. Of the total 1165 infants, 909 (78%) were mature; 170 (15%) were postmature and 77 (7%) were premature. Among the premature infants, 82% were ≥35 wks; 10% were 34 wks; 7% were 32-33 wks and 1% was <32 wks. Since asphyxia is a potent stimulus to the fetal passage of meconium, we determined the incidence of MS amniotic fluid in a group of infants with 1 minute Apgar ≥6 (N=555). Of the 555 infants, 36.3% of the full-term and 68.2% of the postmature passed meconium, as compared to only 2.6% of the prematures (p<0.01). The exception was noted in infants of drug dependent mothers (IDDM). Out of 56 premature IDDM with low Apgar, 20% had MS amniotic fluid. The incidence of HMD among MS infants was very low (0.5%). Thus, the finding of MS fluid surpasses the predictability of many antenatal tests of fetal lung maturity including the L/S ratio. The incidence of HMD among premature MS infants was 8% as compared to 17% in our general premature population (p<0.05). This difference is related to the large percentage (82%) of premature MS infants being ≥35 wks gestation. CONCLUSION: MS amniotic fluid correlates highly to fetal maturity. Only in 7% will the infants be premature and most (82%) will be ≥35 wks. The only exception is with the IDDM, because of the association of MS with fetal drug withdrawal. The incidence of HMD among MS infants is 0.5%. Thus MS amniotic fluid can be an accurate indicator of fetal lung maturity.
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Mobile Terrestrial Laser Scanning Applications for Highway Infrastructure

This paper presents a cost-benefit analysis of mobile terrestrial laser scanning (MTLS), specifically in highway infrastructure (HI) applications using data and requirements from the western United States. MTLS can be used for rapid data collection in a digital point-cloud format. This data can then be analyzed for mapping and feature inventory in several applications including asset management, preservation, maintenance, and operational planning performed by State Department of Transportation agencies. In this paper, data and requirements related to some of the operations of Washington State Department of Transportation and the California Department of Transportation are used as the basis for this cost-benefit analysis.
THE EFFECT OF PRACTICE SESSIONS ON THE USE OF SEPARATE ANSWER SHEETS BY FIRST AND SECOND GRADERS

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of formal practice sessions on the ability of first and second graders to use separate answer sheets on the California Test of Mental Maturity. The Ss were all 79 pupils enrolled in these grades at one elementary school. Academically, these Ss were above average. Through the use of a counterbalanced design, the CTMM was administered twice to all Ss; once employing the usual answer marking format contained in the test booklet and once employing a separate answer sheet preceded by a formal practice session. Significant mean raw score differences between formats of 10.30 and 7.19 were obtained for Ss in grades one and two respectively in favor of the booklet format. Accuracy scores, which removed the effect of speed from raw score performances, were also analyzed and the results confirmed the superiority of the booklet format. It was concluded that even with prior practice sessions, above average pupils in grades one and two are unable to utilize separate answer sheets in an effective manner. The use of machine scoreable test booklets with standardized tests has become more or less common practice in many of the primary grades. Implicit in this mode of operation is the assumption that primary age children cannot effectively use separate answer sheets. Cashen and Ramseyer (1969), however, have presented evidence that would partially refute this assumption. Although significant differences in performance on the California Test of Mental Maturity (CTMM) were found for pupils in grades one and two in favor of the test booklet format over the separate answer sheet format, at grade three no significant difference was found between the same two formats. Research by Hieronymous (1961) and McKee (1967) also lend support to this latter finding among third graders.
Reactive Ion Etching Damage to Shallow Junctions

The damage of reactive ion etching to shallow junctions is an important consideration in advanced technology.In this paper, the damage incurred during contact etch is studied, with emphasis on those defects responsible for junction leakage of shallow junctions.Shallow p+/n and n+/p junctions have been prepared with depths of 160 nm.Junction leakage measurements have been made for various amounts of silicon loss up to within 20 nm of the junctions by using a CHF3 + CO2 plasma.The degree of chemical and structural damage has been characterized by using photoluminescence, SIMS, and spreading carrier profiling. The leakage current density was found to depend strongly on contact area and increase rapidly with junction etch depth after the etched surface has extended to within 80 nm of the junction boundary.The concentration and depth of damage increases with increasing plasma exposure until saturation.Etching induced defects are observed in photoluminescence, and one such defect is identified as a carbon interstitialcy.Enhanced diffusion effects were observed for both chemical contamination from the etch gas and the junction dopants.The spatial distribution of the chemical and structural damage has been found to correlate with the junction leakages.The annealing behavior of damage has also been investigated.
Sex differences in social influence: Social learning

Sex differences in social influenceability were notable for their absence in 28 social learning experiments in which sex difference data were previously unreported or unreviewed. Competition, altruism, and dyadic communication were the three substantive research areas examined. Analysis emphasized the role of repeated social influence attempts, of novel conceptions and manipulations of motivation and reward, and of realms of experimental law in which the underlying simplicity is integral and the integration is theoretical.
Dependence of Aldosterone Stimulation in Adrenal Glomerulosa Cells on Calcium Uptake: Effects of Lanthanum and Verapamil

The calcium dependence of steroidogenic responses to angiotensin II, potassium, and ACTH was analyzed in isolated adrenal glomerulosa cells incubated with inhibitors of calcium uptake. Both lanthanum and verapamil reduced the stimulation of aldosterone production by each regulator in a dose-dependent manner, with only a moderate decrease in basal steroid production. The stimulation of aldosterone and cAMP production by ACTH was blocked by both antagonists, and the degree of inhibition was dependent on the concentration of ACTH employed. Increasing concentrations of verapamil caused an increase in th ACTH concentration required for half-maximal stimulation as well as a reduction in the maximum production of aldosterone. Aldosterone production by glomerulosa cells in response to angiotensin II or potassium was also decreased by lanthanum and verapamil, with no change in the concentration of angiotensin II required for half-maximal stimulation of steroidogenesis. Stimulation of pregnenolone synthesis by angiotensin II was also inhibited by verapamil, indicating that calcium is required for the action of angiotensin II at an early step in the steroidogenic pathway. The inhibitory action of verapamil upon angiotensin-stimulated aldosterone production was overcome by increasing concentrations of calcium. Neither of the calcium antagonists affected the binding of angiotensin II to glomerulosa cells, placing the calcium requirement for the action of angiotensin II at a postreceptor locus. These results provide further evidence that angiotensin II and potassium increase aldosterone production in adrenal glomerulosa cells through a calcium-dependent mechanism, and indicate that calcium uptake is an essential requirement for the stimulation of aldosterone production by these two effectors.
I love me, i love me not: Schizophrenic behavior among acquisitions/collection development librarians

Cet article traite du conflit qui existe aux Etats Unis entre les bibliothecaires specialises dans les acquisitions et ceux specialises dans le developpement des collections. Les roles professionnels de ces bibliothecaires sont compares dans deux bibliotheques universitaires. Apres une presentation de cet article, une analyse schysophrenique du comportement des biblitohecaires est proposee
High-performance liquid chromatographic method for quantitation of free acids, mono-, di- and triglycerides using an infrared detector

Abstract Methyl ester, mono-, di- and triglyceride classes were separated and quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography. Baseline separations were achieved on an amino-, cyano-bonded Partisil column with a gradient from hexane-chloroform (60:65) to hexane-chloroform-acetonitrile (25:65:35). The eluate was monitored by an infrared detector set at 5.72 μm, and peak areas were determined by computer integration. Methyl 9,10-dihydroxystearate was used as an internal standard. The total run time and recycling time was 35 min. A precision of 10% or better was obtained for all components, even at the 1% (w/w) level.
Mineralogy of meteorite groups

Approximately 275 mineral species have been identified in meteorites, reflecting diverse redox environments, and, in some cases, unusual nebular formation conditions. Anhydrous ordinary, carbonaceous and R chondrites contain major olivine, pyroxene and plagioclase; major opaque phases include metallic Fe-Ni, troilite and chromite. Primitive achondrites are mineralogically similar. The highly reduced enstatite chondrites and achondrites contain major enstatite, plagioclase, free silica and kamacite as well as nitrides, a silicide and Ca-, Mg-, Mn-, Na-, Cr-, K- and Ti-rich sulfides. Aqueously altered carbonaceous chondrites contain major amounts of hydrous phyllosilicates, complex organic compounds, magnetite, various sulfates and sulfides, and carbonates. In addition to kamacite and taenite, iron meteorites contain carbides, elemental C, nitrides, phosphates, phosphides, chromite and sulfides. Silicate inclusions in IAB/IIICD and lIE iron meteorites consist of mafic silicates, plagioclase and various sulfides, oxides and phosphates. Eucrites, howardites and diogenites have basaltic to orthopyroxenitic compositions and consist of major pyroxene and calcic plagioclase and several accessory oxides. Ureilttes .are made up mainly of calcic, chromian olivine and low-Ca clinopyroxene embedded in a carbonaceous matrix; accessory phases include the C polymorphs graphite, diamond, lonsdaleite and chaoite as well as metallic Fe-Ni, troilite and halides. Angrites are achondrites rich in fassaitic pyroxene (i.e. , AI-Ti diopside); minor olivine with included magnesian kirschsteinite is also present. Martian meteorites comprise basalts, Iherzolites, a dunite and an orthopyroxenite. Major phases include various pyroxenes and olivine; minor to accessory phases include various sulfides, magnetite, chromite and Ca-phosphates. Lunar meteorites comprise mare basalts with major augite and calcic plagioclase and anorthositic breccias with major calcic plagioclase. Several meteoritic phases were formed by shock metamorphism. Martensite (a2-fe,Ni) has a distorted body-centered-cubic structure and formed by a shear transformation from taenite during shock reheating and rapid cooling. The C polymorphs diamond, lonsdaleite and chaoite formed by shock from graphite. Suessite formed in the North Haig ureilite by reduction of Fe and Si (possibly from olivine) via reaction with carbonaceous matrix material. Ringwoodite, the spinel form of (Mg,Fe)2Si04, and majorite, a polymorph of (Mg,Fe)Si03 with the garnet structure, formed inside shock veins in highly shocked ordinary chondrites. Secondary minerals in meteorite finds that formed during terrestrial weathering include oxides and hy-. droxides formed directly from metallic Fe-Ni by oxidation, phosphates formed by the alteration of schreibersite, and sulfates formed by alteration of troilite.
The AAS electronic resource

Abstract Recent experience is helping to sharpen our understanding of how the electronic world differs from the centuries-old, paper-based communication methods. The electronic future is highly interlinked, with all different types of information being included in the web of available resources. The enhanced ability to interchange information electronically improves the effectiveness of communication. At this time the author community does not make full use of the new capabilities. Most astronomers writing for electronic distribution have been slow to adopt new styles of presentation which exploit the new capabilities inherent in the electronic environment. By working together and sharing the burden, the community's resources can be multiplied. A coordinated distributed effort can yield a much more valuable product than any single person or group. Long term archiving and site maintenance are important responsibilities for publishers of electronic scholarly information. Ensuring access to electronic information into the foreseeable future takes planning from the beginning, and requires cooperation between the publishers, libraries, and other scholarly institutions.
Probes of spin conservation in heavy metal reactions: Experimental and theoretical studies of the reactions of Re+ with H2, D2, and HD

A guided ion beam tandem mass spectrometer is used to examine the kinetic energy dependence of reactions of the third-row transition metal cation, Re(+), with molecular hydrogen and its isotopologues. A flow tube ion source produces Re(+) in its (7)S(3) electronic ground state. Reaction with H(2), D(2), and HD forms Re H(+)(Re D(+)) in endothermic processes. Modeling of the endothermic reaction cross sections yields the 0 K bond dissociation energy of D(0)(Re(+)-H)=2.29+/-0.07 eV (221+/-6 kJ/mol). The experimental thermochemistry is consistent with ab initio calculations, performed here and in the literature. Theory also provides the electronic structures of these species and is used to examine the reactive potential energy surfaces. Results from reactions with HD provide insight into the reaction mechanisms and indicate that the late metal ion, Re(+), reacts largely via a statistical mechanism. This is consistent with the potential energy surfaces which locate a stable Re H(2) (+)((5)B(2)) complex. Results for this third-row transition metal system are compared with the first-row congener (Mn(+)) and found to have much higher reactivity towards dihydrogen and stronger M(+)-H bonds. These differences can be attributed to efficient coupling among surfaces of different spin along with lanthanide contraction and relativistic effects.
The effect of airline pilot characteristics on perceptions of job safety risks

In a large cross-sectional sample, commercial airline pilots in the United States were asked for their perceptions of job safety hazards. Regression techniques are employed to investigate the relationship between these perceptions and both the length of tenure of pilots and their specific employer within the industry. The latter is found to have a far more significant impact on risk perception. No evidence is found for a learning curve of job risk with respect to experience. Pilots' assessments of inadequacies in training and aircraft maintenance are found to be significantly related to the financial health of their employer.
Reduced basal CAMKII levels in hippocampal CA1 region: Possible cause of stress-induced impairment of LTP in chronically stressed rats

Chronic psychosocial stress markedly reduces the expression of high-frequency stimulation (HFS)-evoked early long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of anesthetized rats. Immunoblotting was performed to determine changes in molecular levels of key signaling proteins that might be responsible for this inhibitory effect. Western blot analysis of the CA1 region demonstrates that chronic psychosocial stress decreases basal levels of calcium calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII), phosphorylated (P)-CaMKII, calmodulin, and protein kinase C (PKCgamma) while markedly increasing protein phosphatase 2B (calcineurin) levels. The decrease of basal levels of P-CaMKII may be triggered primarily by excessive dephosphorylation resulting from enhanced basal levels of calcineurin. The decline in the basal levels of the upstream molecules, PKCgamma and calmodulin may be a consequence of the diminished basal P-CaMKII levels. Analysis of signaling molecules in CA1 region of chronically stressed rat subjected to HFS in vivo showed only one difference compared to similarly stimulated control rats; no increase in P-CaMKII levels. Our results suggest that decreased P-CaMKII levels may be primarily responsible for the stress-induced reduction in LTP expression.
Widespread Alaska glacier retreat likely not due to climate change

Alaska's Columbia Glacier, which has shed half its mass since 1957, is a dramatic example of how quickly glaciers can shrink. Yet while Columbia has shown a huge decline, a new analysis by McNabb and Hock has found that other glaciers in the region have retreated far less, or even advanced, over the past 6 decades.
Implantable Ventricular Assist Device Use in the Immunosuppressed Patient

Purpose A shortcoming of ventricular assist device (VAD) therapy is risk of driveline, pocket, or device infection. It is not uncommon for heart replacement therapy candidates to be on immunosuppressants. However, a VAD may not be offered, due to a theoretical infection risk. This study examined outcomes of patients with implantable VADs on immunosuppressants. Methods and Materials All patients on immunosuppressants receiving an implantable VAD between January 1996 and October 2012 were reviewed. All implantable pulsatile and non-pulsatile devices were included. Peripherally inserted VADs were excluded. Results Twenty-four patients were identified. Eight (33%) were on multiple immunosuppressants for prior transplant: 5 heart, 3 renal. The 16 remaining were on prednisone for thyrotoxicosis (n=6), myocarditis (n=3), sarcoidosis (n=3), pulmonary fibrosis (n=2), lupus erythematosis, and steroid abuse (n=1, each). Mean age was 44±19 years, with 88% male. Devices included 18 LVADs (4 pulsatile and 14 continuous-flow), and 6 BiVADs. Two LVAD patients received subsequent peripheral RVADs. All prior heart transplants required biventricular support. Overall, 92% of indications were bridge to transplant, with 73% transplanted, and 2 patients lost to follow-up. During a median 123 days on device (range 33-1102), 33% developed device-related infections: 4 driveline, 5 pocket, and one device. There was no 30-day mortality, with 87% 1-year survival. [ figure 1 ][ figure 1 ] Death resultant from sepsis occurred in 3 patients. Conclusions It is reasonable to utilize implantable VADs for heart replacement therapy in immunosuppressed patients. Prior transplant confers no additional infectious risk. VAD usage is successful as a bridge to transplant.
Parental Behavior and the Value of Children's Health: A Health Production Approach

Data on individual children and on sibling pairs are used to examine how family resource allocations affect children's health and to estimate willingness to pay for reduced acute illness in children. Results highlight the importance of accounting for the endogeneity of child health and suggest that children with greater stocks of health capital whose parents invest in preventive and remedial medical care experience fewer days of illness. Estimated willingness to pay to avoid one day of illness-induced school loss is about $100 to $150, a range broadly consistent with limited prior evidence but sub stantially more than unit values applied in recent policy analyses. All else equal, willingness to pay is higher among single parents and for uninsured children, and the estimated income elasticity is only 0.14. Implied aggregate benefits of reductions in children's sick time associated with air pollution control may be substantial.
The dental aspect of esthetics

Abstract Esthetics is relative as it is evaluated from various perspectives and under different conditions. The dentist may be able to assist the surgeon in attaining a more satisfactory result for a patient undergoing corrective or reconstructive procedures. However, factors inherent in the dental environment and techniques may exert a limiting influence upon the degree of esthetics gained. Therefore, a team approach to the problem produces the best result.
Local Strain Measurement by Geometrical Phase Analysis in the Transmission Electron Microscope Applied to Strain-Engineered CMOS Devices

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2008 in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, August 3 – August 7, 2008
Age and Drug Use by Rural and Urban Adolescents.

This is a survey undertaken to assess the importance of age in determining the use of both conventional (licit) and deviant (illicit) drugs among junior and high school students in the Brazos Valley, Texas, in 1976. In addition the age-drug use relationships were examined in terms of the age, sex, and residence of the respondents. The results show that the use of conventional drugs (e.g., tobacco and alcohol) increases with age, but no such relationship obtains for deviant drugs. Curvilinear relationships are evidenced in the deviant drug-age relationships. Patterns of drug use appear to be characteristic by specific sex, racial, and residential subgroups. Black females, especially those from rural areas use deviant drugs such as hallucinogens, heroin, cocaine, and solvents at rates which equal or exceed the rates of other subgroups, but are 30 per cent less likely to use beer than urban white females.
Saphenous nerve entrapment: A cause of medial knee pain

Saphenous nerve entrapment is a seldom recognized cause of pain along the medial side of the knee and proximal calf. We are reporting our experience with 15 saphenous nerve entrapments in 14 patients between 1978 and 1981.
Value Orientations, Awareness of Consequences, and Participation in a Whale Watching Education Program in Oregon

Whale watching is a popular and economically important tourism activity that generates at least $1 billion in annual revenue worldwide (e.g., tours, accommodation, souvenirs) (Hoyt, 2001). Each yea...
Dynamic modeling of stepwise internal transport barrier formation in DIII-D negative-central-shear discharges.

The GLF23 transport model is used to dynamically follow bifurcations in the energy and toroidal momentum confinement in DIII-D discharges with an internal transport barrier. The temperatures and toroidal velocity profiles are evolved while self-consistently computing the effects of $\mathbf{E}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathbf{B}$ shear stabilization during the formation and expansion of internal transport barriers. The barrier is predicted to form in a stepwise fashion through a series of sudden jumps in the core-electron and ion temperatures and toroidal rotation velocity. These results are consistent with experimental observations. In the simulations, the step transitions are a direct result of local $\mathbf{E}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathbf{B}$ driven transport bifurcations.