cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Structural design of a probe system for a high-temperature pressurized fluidized-bed combustor:

AbstractA lack of information about the operating characteristics of a jetting pressurized fluidized-bed combustor (PFBC) can be attributed to the environment (1227 K and 2.93 MPa) in the bed. To gain information about a PFBC's operation, a pressure and temperature probe has been designed to measure the small pressure fluctuations and bulk fluid temperature in the feed jet area. This research concentrates on the structural design and analysis of a multi-tier dual-static-pressure and temperature probe system. Each tier contains two branches placed one above the other in the axial direction; they are arranged to measure the differential pressure and temperature at a given radial and axial location in the feed jet. Each branch is a structural tube member, of 6.35 mm outside diameter, with a smaller tube, of 1.07 mm inside diameter, placed inside for the pressure measurement. A thermocouple is placed on the upper branch of each tier for the temperature measurement. Inconel 600 alloy is selected for the struct...
Synthesis of glycine-containing complexes in impacts of comets on early Earth

Delivery of prebiotic compounds to early Earth from an impacting comet is thought to be an unlikely mechanism for the origins of life because of unfavourable chemical conditions on the planet and the high heat from impact. In contrast, we find that impact-induced shock compression of cometary ices followed by expansion to ambient conditions can produce complexes that resemble the amino acid glycine. Our ab initio molecular dynamics simulations show that shock waves drive the synthesis of transient C–N bonded oligomers at extreme pressures and temperatures. On post impact quenching to lower pressures, the oligomers break apart to form a metastable glycine-containing complex. We show that impact from cometary ice could possibly yield amino acids by a synthetic route independent of the pre-existing atmospheric conditions and materials on the planet.
Osteoporosis in men: a review of endogenous sex hormones and testosterone replacement therapy

The prevalence of osteoporosis is estimated to be 18% in men, but 30% of all fractures occur in men. With age, men experience a gradual decline in testosterone production and bone density. The rate of trabecular bone loss in the lumbar spine in men over age 50 can be double the rate of loss in men under age 50. Endogenous testosterone, estradiol, and their metabolites play a role in maintaining bone health, but their specific effects on bone turnover have been difficult to elucidate. Recently, large cohort studies have provided more detailed information confirming estrogen's associations and further characterizing the effect of endogenous testosterone and its metabolites on bone mineral density and fractures. Very few clinical trials have assessed the impact of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on bone density and fractures in men. The few studies that have been conducted are generally small and not robust enough to show the true treatment effect of TRT and adequately determine its safety. In the absence of data on patient outcomes, it is important for pharmacists to understand the impact of drug therapy on biomarkers and surrogate markers of disease for optimal pharmacotherapy selection and monitoring.
The Effect of National Mood on Mexican American Political Opinion

In 1996, there was a pervasive anti-immigrant, anti-Latino mood in the country, caused by passage of Proposition 187 in California and national welfare reform and immigration reform bills. But a few years later attitudes toward Latinos had shifted; laws were reversed and both major political parties were pursuing Latino votes. Substantial research on the general public has demonstrated that events influence public opinion; correspondingly, this shift in the public mood influenced the political concerns of Chicago Mexican Americans. In reaction to the anti-Latino atmosphere, Mexican Americans became more concerned about racism and discrimination. When the anti-Latino mood abated, Chicago Mexican Americans responded by shifting their agenda from an issue that focused on their ethnic identity to issues shared by people of all races and ethnicities: crime, gangs, and drugs. A similar shift is found among noncitizens of Mexican descent.
Resistance of Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts to the Cytolethal Distending Toxin of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

Background: The cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a typical member of this Gram-negative bacterium holotoxin family that targets a wide spectrum of eukarytotic cells, typically causing cell cycle arrest at either the G 1 or G 2 /M phase of the cell cycle. In view of the possible role of the CDT as a prominent A. actinomycetemcomitans virulence factor in periodontal diseases, we have examined the effects of the toxin on primary cultures of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLF). Methods: HPLF and an immortalized human gingival epithelial cell line, GMSM-K, were exposed to recombinant A. actinomycetemcomitans CDT. Effects of the toxin on cell proliferation and cell cycle were assessed by a cell viability assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Double-strand DNA damage was detected by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Binding of the toxin and its individual subunits to HPLF was examined by immunofluorescence microscopy. Results: Viability of HPLF was not reduced following prolonged exposure to the CDT. There was no indication of cell cycle arrest or double-strand DNA damage. GMSM-K cells exhibited morphological alterations and a rapid decrease in cell viability within 6 and 12 hours, respectively, following exposure to the toxin for 5 minutes. These effects were dependent on toxin dose and age of the cultures and occurred more rapidly compared to CDT-treated HeLa cells. CDT-treated GMSM-K cells displayed cell cycle arrest at the S phase of growth and double-strand DNA damage was observed by 6 hours post-intoxication. Holotoxin and the CdtA subunit were detected on the surface of both HPLF and epithelial cells. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that HPLF are resistant to the cytotoxic effects of the A. actinomycetemcomitans CDT. The mechanism of resistance is not known but may be related to the inability of the toxin to cause DNA damage. The difference in sensitivities of HPLF and oral epithelial cells to the CDT has important implications for the role of this putative microbial virulence factor in periodontal pathogenesis. J Periodontol 2005;76:1189-1201.
Occlusion-aware multi-view reconstruction of articulated objects for manipulation

We present an algorithm called Procrustes-Lo-RANSAC (PLR) to recover complete 3D models of articulated objects. Structure-from-motion techniques are used to capture 3D point cloud models of an object in two different configurations. Procrustes analysis, combined with a locally optimized RANSAC sampling strategy, facilitates a straightforward geometric approach to recovering the joint axes, as well as classifying them automatically as either revolute or prismatic. With the resulting articulated model, a robotic system is then able to manipulate the object along its joint axes at a specified grasp point in order to exercise its degrees of freedom. Because the models capture all sides of the object, they are occlusion-aware, meaning that the robot has knowledge of parts of the object that are not visible in the current view. Our algorithm does not require prior knowledge of the object, nor does it make any assumptions about the planarity of the object or scene. Experiments with a PUMA 500 robotic arm demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach on a variety of real-world objects containing both revolute and prismatic joints.
Energy separation in signal modulations with application to speech analysis

An efficient solution to the fundamental problem of estimating the time-varying amplitude envelope and instantaneous frequency of a real-valued signal that has both an AM and FM structure is provided. Nonlinear combinations of instantaneous signal outputs from the energy operator are used to separate its output energy product into its AM and FM components. The theoretical analysis is done first for continuous-time signals. Then several efficient algorithms are developed and compared for estimating the amplitude envelope and instantaneous frequency of discrete-time AM-FM signals. These energy separation algorithms are used to search for modulations in speech resonances, which are modeled using AM-FM signals to account for time-varying amplitude envelopes and instantaneous frequencies. The experimental results provide evidence that bandpass-filtered speech signals around speech formants contain amplitude and frequency modulations within a pitch period. >
Communication Proficiency and Future Training Needs of the Female Professional: Self-Assessment vs. Supervisors' Evaluations

This research investigates the perceptions supervisors have of their female employees' communication proficiency, assuming, as has been repeatedly discussed in the literature, that communication skills are a critical component of organizational effectiveness and promotability. In particular, comparisons were made between evaluations of supervisors on a variety of communication competencies and female employees' self-evaluations. Similar comparisons were made between the supervisors' assessment of the importance of future training in each skill and the females' own assessment of their need for future training. While this research is exploratory in nature, the results demonstrate striking and potentially important differences between the perceptions of female professionals and their supervisors.
A Longitudinal Study of Anteroposterior Growth Changes in the Palatine Rugae

Palatine rugae have been used as internal dental cast reference points for quantification of tooth migration. Some, but not all, investigators have reported the medial rugal region to be stable or to show predictable change. The purpose of this study was to use the longitudinal data base of the Child Research Council of Denver to examine the anteroposterior stability of the medial rugal region.Dental casts of 20 females and 21 males with untreated normal Angle Class I occlusions were selected. Time intervals measured were: T1 — primary teeth erupted, T2 — earliest cast with permanent first molars erupted, T3 - earliest cast with canines and pre-molars erupted, and T4 — ages 16 to 22. Distinctive left and right anterior and posterior rugae which appeared on all four casts were identified, the medial ends marked, and the anteroposterior distances measured. The data were evaluated with the paired t test, repeated-measures AN-OVA, and Tukey's multiple comparison procedure.From T1 - T4, the medial rugal region...
Study of bulk and elementary screw dislocation assisted reverse breakdown in low-voltage (<250 V) 4H-SiC p/sup +/-n junction diodes. II. Dynamic breakdown properties

For Part I see ibid., vol.46, no.3, pp.478-84 (Mar. 1999). This paper outlines the dynamic reverse-breakdown characteristics of low-voltage ( 1 kV) pn junction and Schottky rectifiers, and bipolar gain devices (thyristors, ICBT's, etc.) remains to be investigated.
Cost-effective control of chronic viral diseases: Finding the optimal level of screening and contact tracing

Chronic viral diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) afflict millions of people worldwide. A key public health challenge in managing such diseases is identifying infected, asymptomatic individuals so that they can receive antiviral treatment. Such treatment can benefit both the treated individual (by improving quality and length of life) and the population as a whole (through reduced transmission). We develop a compartmental model of a chronic, treatable infectious disease and use it to evaluate the cost and effectiveness of different levels of screening and contact tracing. We show that: (1) the optimal strategy is to get infected individuals into treatment at the maximal rate until the incremental health benefits balance the incremental cost of controlling the disease; (2) as one reduces the disease prevalence by moving people into treatment (which decreases the chance that they will infect others), one should increase the level of contact tracing to compensate for the decreased effectiveness of screening; (3) as the disease becomes less prevalent, it is optimal to spend more per case identified; and (4) the relative mix of screening and contact tracing at any level of disease prevalence is such that the marginal efficiency of contact tracing (cost per infected person found) equals that of screening if possible (e.g., when capacity limitations are not binding). We also show how to determine the cost-effective equilibrium level of disease prevalence (among untreated individuals), and we develop an approximation of the path of the optimal prevalence over time. Using this, one can obtain a close approximation of the optimal solution without having to solve an optimal control problem. We apply our methods to an example of hepatitis B virus.
A system-on-a-chip lock cache with task preemption support

Intertask/interprocess synchronization overheads may be significant in a multiprocessor-shared memory System-on-a-Chip implementation. These overheads are observed in terms of lock latency, lock delay and memory bandwidth consumption in the system. It has been shown that a hardware solution brings a much better performance improvement than the synchronization algorithms developed in software [3]. Our previous work presented a SoC Lock Cache (SoCLC) hardware mechanism which resolves the Critical Section (CS) interactions among multiple processors and improves the performance criteria in terms of lock latency, lock delay and bandwidth consumption in a shared memory multi-processor SoC for short CSes [1]. This paper extends our previous work to support long CSes as well. This combined support involves modifications both in the RTOS kernel level facilities (such as support for preemptive versus non-preemptive synchronization, interrupt handling and RTOS initialization) and in the hardware mechanism. The worst-case simulation results of a database application model with client-server pair of tasks on a four-processor system showed that our mechanism achieved a 57% improvement in lock latency, 14% speed up in lock delay and a 35% overall speedup in total execution time.
Anatomical models for space radiation applications: an overview.

Abstract Extremely detailed computerized anatomical male (CAM) and female (CAF) models that have been developed for use in space radiation analyses are discussed and reviewed. Recognizing that the level of detail may currently be inadequate for certain radiological applications, one of the purposes of this paper is to elicit specific model improvements or requirements from the scientific user-community. Methods and rationale are presented which describe the approach used in the Space Shuttle program to extrapolate dosimetry measurements (skin doses) to realistic astronaut body organ doses. Several mission scenarios are presented which demonstrate the utility of the anatomical models for obtaining specific body organ exposure estimates and can be used for establishing cancer morbidity and mortality risk assessments. These exposure estimates are based on the trapped Van Allen belt and galactic cosmic radiation environment models and data from the major historical solar particle events.
MITOCHONDRIA IN THE FLIGHT MUSCLES OF INSECTS : II. EFFECTS OF THE MEDIUM ON THE SIZE, FORM, AND ORGANIZATION OF ISOLATED SARCOSOMES

1. The sarcosomes of Drosophila and the blowfly, Phormia, are dense, spherical, homogeneous bodies when isolated from flight muscle and promptly examined under the phase contrast, oil immersion objective. 2. Their average diameter in newly emerged flies is about 1 micro. This value increases rapidly during the 1st week of adult life and then becomes constant at approximately 2.5 micro. At each age the variation in sarcosome diameter conforms approximately to a normal distribution. 3. The degree to which isolated sarcosomes retain their initial size and organization is remarkably conditioned by the composition and the hydrogen ion concentration of the medium in which they are teased and suspended. In suboptimal media three major categories of change were encountered: (1) swelling, with or without compaction of the contents (as in distilled water and salt solutions); (2) shrinkage to rod-like, pleomorphic forms (as in blood serum); and (3) fuzzy degeneration (as in sugar solutions). 4. The membrane that surrounds each sarcosome becomes plainly visible in swollen sarcosomes. A continuation of swelling is accompanied by the escape of the sarcosomal contents, the vacated membrane persisting as a spherical, optically empty ghost. 5. Sarcosomes appear to behave like osmometers when suspended in various aqueous solutions. Solutes which penetrate the membrane show only transient effects in preventing the osmotic entry of water. 6. Under this analysis we find the membrane to be more or less freely permeable to the ions of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and phosphate, to non-electrolytes smaller than hexoses, to phosphorylated hexoses, and to several intermediates of the citric acid cycle. 7. The sarcosomal membrane appears to be less permeable to non-electrolytes larger than pentoses, provided that such molecules are not phosphorylated. 8. The membrane shows a higher permeability to ATP than to ADP. The significance of this observation is considered with respect to the ADP-ATP shuttle between sarcosomes and muscle fibrils. 9. Simple solutions of electrolytes or non-electrolytes cause more or less conspicuous changes in the microscopic appearance of sarcosomes. Prolonged preservation was achieved only in more complicated media containing protein. It is concluded that the Donnan equilibrium is the source of the principal osmotic forces regulating the movement of water through the sarcosomal membrane. 10. The optimal medium for the preservation of isolated sarcosomes was an intracellular Ringer solution containing 2.5 per cent crystalline bovine albumin in 0.16 M potassium phosphate buffer at pH 7.0.
Middle School Students' Leisure Activity Engagement: Implications for Park and Recreation Administrators

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Physical activity participation has been found to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease, anxiety, and depression (Strong et al., 2005); yet it declines drastically throughout adolescence (Caspersen, Pereira, & Curran, 2000). Therefore, it is important to develop and establish programs that encourage physical activity participation for youth. Several programs endorsing physical activity have been grounded in the ecological model (McLeroy, Bibeau, Steckler, & Glanz, 1988; Sallis et al., 2006), which suggests that intrapersonal, interpersonal/cultural, organizational, physical environmental, and policy factors influence physical activity. Understanding the ecological model and in which activities adolescents engage will guide organizations in providing programs that support youth participation in the recommended levels of physical activity. The purpose of this study was to identify the most prevalent leisure activities of adolescents and describe relationships between demographic variables and leisure activity engagement. Middle-school participants (n=851) from a county in the Southeastern United States reported their leisure activities. Results indicated that these adolescents engaged most often in sedentary leisure activities; however, the most frequently cited physical activities were playing sports with friends, walking/jogging/running, and organized sports. While gender, socioeconomic status, and school type were significant contributors to adolescent physical activity, gender was the most influential demographic variable on all types of leisure. Based upon previous research and findings from this study, to promote leisure-time physical activity in this population, park and recreation departments should: (a) consider active video games; (b) assimilate peers into leisure events (e.g., social support); (c) continue providing a variety of intramural programs for all ages; and (d) offer multiple locations for youth to play sports or other active games (e.g., environmental factors). In addition, organizations should promote physical activity through incentive programs, social events, and trainings for leaders. Findings from this study support the ecological model because intrapersonal factors (e.g., gender, Socioeconomic Status) influenced participation in select physical activities, high percentages of participants were engaged in activities with friends (e.g.,
Eight Views of Instructional Design and What They Should Mean to Instructional Designers

Eight different views of the design process are described with the purpose of broadening the practitioner’s concept of instructional design. Views both internal and external to instructional design are considered, so that instructional designers can see the traditions of their field in the context of design activity in other professional fields. Examples are drawn from architecture, digital design, team dynamics, organizational behavior, and design studies. Traditional instructional design theories and practices are placed within the context of this expanded panorama of design so that their value is enhanced but also so that the designer understands the source and limits of their value within the context of professional practice. Designers are encouraged to incorporate new terms into their professional language of designing. They are also asked to consider design as an act pursued at different levels of detail. Design at each level is influenced by principles that pertain to that level but which must be folded harmoniously into a completed design.
Lower facial reanimation techniques following cancer resection and free flap reconstruction

Objectives/Hypothesis Evaluate outcomes of the standard static sling and orthodromic temporalis tendon transfer reanimation for facial nerve paralysis. Study Design Retrospective case series at a tertiary care hospital of head and neck cancer patients with facial nerve palsy secondary to malignancy or resection. Methods From 2004 to 2014, patients undergoing resection of malignancy that involved facial nerve palsy requiring facial reanimation were identified. All procedures were performed by the senior author (e.l.r.). Demographics, methods, revision rates, combination with other procedures, and complications were evaluated. Results A total of 77 patients underwent 92 procedures, with two patients requiring more than one revision, for a total of 20 revisions. Average time to revision was 9 months. Age, sex, race, side of repair, paralysis prior to procedure, sling type or method, timing of procedure, and radiation therapy were not significantly different between those requiring revision and those who did not. There was no difference in complications between patients who received radiation and those who did not (P = .5), nor between static versus orthodromic temporalis muscle transfer (P = .5). Complication rate was low at 5.4%. Conclusions Sling procedures can be successfully performed in patients with facial nerve palsy secondary to cancer resection with radiation therapy, with a low revision rate and few complications. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 2015
Can Health Law Truly Become Patient-Centered?

This essay addresses the potential influence of the patient-centered care movement on the legal structures and rules that govern the provision of health care in the United States. Simply put, can our system of health law truly become patient-centered? The sad truth is that many of our efforts to protect patient interests have fallen far short of the goal. The complexities of the legal system offer a highly imperfect mechanism for achieving ethical ideals. Law by necessity relies on practical rules of general applicability - rules that themselves may become barriers to reaching the very goals they are designed to achieve. Experience has shown us that ethical precepts tend to translate into limited legal rules that at best protect only a small subset of patients, and at worst co-opt the language of patient-centeredness for other agendas entirely. This does not mean, of course, that we should not expect health law to do more. But we must be mindful of these problems, lest our renewed efforts to achieve patient-centeredness suffer a similar fate.
A Switched-Line Phase Shifter Fabricated with Additive Manufacturing

Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, has proven to be advantageous compared to conventional planar methods when utilizing the volume of a structure to miniaturize the design. The use of additive manufacturing can allow for high frequency circuitry to be conformed to an arbitrary shape while maintaining or enhancing performance. Recent advancements in low loss materials applicable to additive manufacturing have pushed performance levels even further. Utilizing additive manufacturing to build a three dimensional structure can improve factors such as reliability and repeatability by making the structure one solid piece as opposed to assembling multiple planar objects into the 3D shape. This allows the circuitry to be built around the structure. With this design approach other considerations, such as stability and strength, can be concentrated on during the structure design to realize new shapes. The purpose of this work is to investigate a 3D printed material, ULTEM, for radio frequency use and...
FURTHER GENETIC ANALYSES OF A HYBRID ZONE BETWEEN LEOPARD FROGS (RANA PIPIENS COMPLEX) IN CENTRAL TEXAS.

Additional animals were collected from a previously described hybrid zone between two species of leopard frogs. The material now includes 1,054 specimens collected over a five-year period. The new and the original data were reanalyzed using two multilocus techniques: an analysis of linkage disequilibrium (Hill, 1975); and an analysis of the variance of the distribution of individual heterozygosities (Brown et al., 1980). An analysis of cline shape (Barton and Hewitt, 1983) also was performed. The zone appears to be stable in position. There are major year-to-year changes in allele frequencies, but these do not show concordant patterns between localities. This is probably the result of local stochastic factors. The shapes and position of clines at five loci are similar. Multilocus analysis shows the greatest disequilibrium values in the center of the zone. The ratio of observed to expected variance of individual heterozygosity is also largest in the central localities. Analysis of a single cohort during a three-month period that included both the larval and post-metamorphic stages shows a strong shift in genotypes. The froglet population had more animals with parental genotypes and fewer hybrid combinations. This probably is a result of differential mortality due to developmental incompatibilities when hybrids begin to metamorphose. We compare the usefulness of the two multilocus analytical techniques and make recommendations about collecting procedures for future studies of hybrid zones.
How lasers are used in radiography: From light to charged particles

For many applications, it is necessary to "see" into dense materials, and often to resolve, with high resolution in both time and space, the details of the material. This talk reviews the latest technologies of Radiography, using not only short pulses of x-rays, but of charged particles as well.
Small-angle X-ray scattering of pig thyroglobulin in solution.

Small-angle X-ray scattering measurements on native pig thyroglobulin in phosphate buffer, pH6.9, yield a radius of gyration of 6.4nm (64A), a particle volume of approx. 1.5×103nm3 (1.5×106A3), an axial ratio of 2.2:1 (assuming an ellipsoidal shape), and a solvation of 0.63g of solvent/g of protein.
Care Coordination Associated with Improved Timing of Newborn Primary Care Visits

Objective Despite practice recommendations that all newborns be examined within 3–5 days after discharge, many are not seen within this timeframe. Our objective was to determine the association between care coordination and timing of newborn follow-up. Methods This retrospective study evaluated 6251 newborns from eight maternity hospitals who scheduled a primary care appointment at one of two academic pediatric practices over 3.5 years. Two programs were sequentially implemented: (1) newborn discharge coordination, and (2) primary care intake coordination. Primary outcome was days between discharge and follow-up, dichotomized as ≤ or >5 days. Number of rescheduled appointments and loss to follow-up were also assessed. Adjusted relative risks (RR) and odds ratios (OR) were determined by piecewise generalized linear and logistic regression. Results Among 5943 newborns with a completed visit, 52.9 % were seen within 5 days of discharge (mean 6.7 days). After multivariable adjustment, the pre-exposure period (8 months) demonstrated a downward monthly trend in completing early follow-up (RR 0.93, p < 0.001). After initial program implementation, we observed a 3 % monthly increase (RR 1.03, p < 0.001 for test of slope change from pre-exposure to post-exposure), such that likelihood of recommended follow-up increased by roughly 72 % after discharge coordinator implementation and roughly 33 % after primary care coordinator implementation. The latter was also associated with a 13 % monthly decrease in odds of loss to follow-up (OR 0.87, p < 0.001). Conclusions for Practice Care coordination increases adherence among low income families to recommended newborn follow-up after birth hospitalization.
Functionalized Biopolymer Particles Enhance Performance of a Tissue-Protective Peptide under Proteolytic and Thermal Stress

Cutaneous burns are often exacerbated by poor perfusion and subsequent necrosis of the microvasculature surrounding the primary injury. Preservation of these vessels can reduce necrotic tissue expansion and increase success rates of skin graft procedures. Recent work has identified a peptide derived from erythropoietin, ARA290, with the ability to mediate tissue protection in a variety of cell types. Here we demonstrate the advantages of fusing ARA290 to an elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) to salvage microvascular endothelial cells in harsh proteolytic conditions following thermal shock. These fusion proteins were expressed recombinantly in bacterial hosts and rapidly purified by inverse transition cycling. They were shown to spontaneously aggregate into particles at subphysiological temperatures. The bifunctional submicron particles were resistant to digestion in enzymes upregulated after burn injury. Furthermore, the data strongly suggest these ARA290-functionalized particles were superior to treatment wi...
Couple-based interventions in the treatment of adult anorexia nervosa: A brief case example of UCAN

Adult anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious and often fatal illness that significantly erodes quality of life for both the patient and loved ones. Treatment of adults with AN has focused largely on individual therapy, with recent findings suggesting that improvement is limited and dropout rates are high. In an effort to improve treatment response, we developed a couple-based intervention, Uniting Couples in the treatment of Anorexia Nervosa (UCAN) as an adjunct treatment to standard multidisciplinary care. UCAN leverages the support of a partner and the relationship in treatment by decreasing avoidance around AN, teaching the couple how to effectively address the eating disorder, and helping to foster a more satisfying relationship. This paper presents a case study of a couple who completed UCAN, "Laura and Steve," including their experiences in treatment and outcome measures at pretest, posttest, and 3-month follow-up. Laura showed clinically significant change on the Restraint subscale of the Eating Disorders Examination at follow-up, and both partners showed clinically significant improvements in relationship satisfaction, as well as on self-reported and observed communication. Both partners reported very high satisfaction with the treatment. A discussion of therapists' experiences in delivering UCAN is provided, including common challenges for therapists with primarily a couple therapy or an individual CBT for eating disorders background, as well as important factors for therapists to consider in order to optimally leverage the benefits of including partners in treatment for AN. (PsycINFO Database Record
Resection of a leiomyoma of the inferior vena cava that produced tricuspid valvular obstruction.

A 52-year-old woman with a history of polycythemia, cyanosis, and episodes of cerebral ischemia presented with physical findings of tricuspid stenosis. Complete evaluation preoperatively indicated right atrial myxoma. At operation, the right atrial tumor was found to originate from the inferior vena cava near its junction with the right atrium. Histologically, it proved to be a leiomyoma. This is the first report of a successfully treated patient with a leiomyoma in this location.
Tracking Online Data with YouTube's Insight Tracking Tool.

YouTube users have access to the powerful data collection tool, Insight. Insight allows YouTube content producers to collect data about the number of online views, geographic location of viewers by country, the demographics of the viewers, how a video was discovered, and the attention span of the viewer while watching the video. This article reports on the viral capacity of a video over a 24month period. Reaching the Target Audience Online enhanced or video podcasts provide opportunities for Extension educators to disseminate information to consumers. Online video podcasts often provide an opportunity for educators to share information (Case & Hino, 2010) and expand the reach of their programmatic efforts to a global community, including consumers, educators, and the general population around the world. This article describes the potential of data accumulation and tracking tools using YouTube's Insight data-collection tool.
OR11: THE IMPORTANCE OF SURROGATE CROSSMATCHING IN ASSIGNMENT OF HLD-DQ ANTIBODIES

Although generalities can be made relative to antibodies against all MHC loci, for simplicity we have limited this study to anti-DQ antibodies. Since assignment of even one unacceptable DQ antibody can severely limit access to donors, our program instituted a policy of surrogate donor crossmatching to supplement single antigen testing. Surrogate donor testing by 3 color flow cytometry (our final crossmatch of choice) was performed when the assignment by single antigen testing was questionable. Questionable assignments were determined most often by MFI values below our threshold, but where there other indications (e.g.“stacking” of specificities and/or discrepancies between vendors) for the presence of antibody. Serum was analyzed by all Luminex-based products and follow-up occurred by 3 color flow cytometry on appropriate HLA-typed donors, using pronase treated cells. 103 patients were included in the surrogate crossmatch analysis. Two-thirds of the patients (69/103 = 67%) were negative in the B flow crossmatch. MFI values for this set ranged from 1518–8533. The remaining 34 patients had antibodies to DQ confirmed by positive flow crossmatches with MFI values ranging from 250 to >10,000. This data suggests that the correlation between MFI data and crossmatch outcome is poor, at least within the broad MFI range of this group of patients and demonstrates that additional testing (like surrogate crossmatching) is fully warranted in the assignment of unacceptable specificities. Failure to identify these “false” antibodies by crossmatch can hinder the ability of an individual to be given an opportunity for an organ offer.
The Philosophical and Moral Effects of the Artificial Disturbance of the Natural Process of Sedimentation

(1969). The Philosophical and Moral Effects of the Artificial Disturbance of the Natural Process of Sedimentation. Rocks & Minerals: Vol. 44, No. 9-10, pp. 732-732.
Messages to the Future

This book is certainly a message about the future. It is a prediction about the future development of artificial minds, and a call to action to ensure they are a benefit to human society. It is intended to help inform people about this prediction and to stimulate debate. It is also a message to the humans and the artificial minds of the future.
Oral immunotherapy for food allergy : guest review

The IgE-mediated food allergy associated with risk for fatal anaphylaxis has been the subject of multiple immunotherapy studies in the past decade. The growing body of evidence suggests that for IgE-mediated food allergy immunomodulation through food immunotherapy is possible; however, the extent of protection provided by such treatment is highly variable. The capacity for food immunotherapy to restore permanent oral tolerance to food has not been demonstrated conclusively. In this review we discuss the most relevant studies of food oral immunotherapy.
“We Can't Be Dependent on Anybody”: The rhetoric of “Energy Independence” and the legitimation of fracking in Pennsylvania

Abstract Recent advances in hydraulic fracturing technology have reduced US dependence on oil imports, inspiring claims that “energy independence” is within reach. In this article we contest the construction of space that undergirds this notion of energy independence. Specifically, we find that the discourse of “energy independence” constructs the world as a struggle between territorial states. The geographical worldview of the energy independence script is made of territorial states as containers of bounded, exclusive, sovereignty, referred to by Agnew as the “territorial trap”. This obscures how international networks of commerce and investment rest on a basis of binding links of interdependence, cooperation and coproduction (1994). Using a mix of qualitative and quantitative evidence from Pennsylvania, we show how elites used notions of struggles between territorial powers to legitimate the infusion of international circuits of capital into local extractive zones. We find that the global network of investment that settled in Pennsylvania, with the goal of exporting gas as LNG, directly contradicted the spatial assumptions made by energy independence rhetoric. In making our argument we draw on evidence from interviews with elites within the fracking debate in Pennsylvania.
Alterations in cellular pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of elvitegravir in response to ethanol exposure in HIV-1 infected monocytic (U1) cells

Ethanol consumption is negatively associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and general health in HIV positive individuals. Previously, we demonstrated ethanol-mediated alterations to metabolism of elvitegravir (EVG) in human liver microsomes. In the current study, we investigated ethanol influence on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of EVG in HIV infected monocytic (U1) cells. U1 cells were treated with 5 μM EVG, 2 μM Cobicistat (COBI), a booster drug, and 20 mM ethanol for up to 24 hours. EVG, HIV p24 levels, alterations in cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4, MRP1, and MDR1 protein expressions were measured. Presence of ethanol demonstrated a significant effect on the total exposures of both EVG and EVG in combination with COBI. Ethanol also increased the HIV replication despite the presence of drugs and this elevated HIV replication was reduced in the presence of MRP1 and MDR1 inhibitors. Consequently, a slight increase in EVG concentration was observed in the presence of MRP1 inhibitor but not with MDR1 inhibitor. Furthermore, CYP3A4, MRP1 and MDR1 protein levels were significantly induced in treatment groups which included ethanol compared to those with no treatment. In summary, these findings suggest that Ethanol reduces intra cellular EVG exposure by modifying drug metabolism and transporter protein expression. This study provides valuable evidence for further investigation of ethanol effects on the intracellular concentration of EVG in ex vivo or in vivo studies.
EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISON OF THREE METHODS OF PROCESSING EVOKED POTENTIALS

Publisher Summary This chapter presents experimental comparison of three methods of processing evoked potentials. The most common method of processing stimulus evoked brain potentials is by averaging a large number of repeated measurements. The basic assumptions in this type of processing are that the electrical response to the stimulus is time locked to the stimulus application and that the ongoing electroencephalographic (EEG) activity or noise is additive and uncorrelated with the signal. Under these assumptions, the improvement in signal-to-noise (power) ratio is directly proportional to the number of responses that are averaged together. This type of averaging is not an optimum procedure when the data does not satisfy the above assumptions. The chapter describes the Woody crosscorrelation averaging technique. In this method, an initial approximation to the signal is crosscorrelated with each single evoked response and the latency difference for which the crosscorrelation function is a maximum is determined. Each response is then shifted, the appropriate direction in time by the measured latency difference recorded above. The average of all the shifted responses is then computed and used as the template for the next iteration of the technique. In addition to providing a better representation of the signal, the Woody crosscorrelation averaging technique can provide an approximation to the mean and standard deviation of the signal latency for each iteration.
The Impact of Rate Regulation in U.S. Property-Liability Insurance Markets: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Individual Firm Loss Ratios

Rates in the competitively structured United States property-liability insurance market are subject to some form of prior approval law in about one half of the states. These laws generally prohibit rate changes by insurers unless active regulatory approval is given or a waiting period has expired at which time rates are "deemed" to be approved. The remaining states have competitive rating laws that allow insurers pricing freedom. Most competitive rating laws have been enacted to replace prior approval laws since the late 1960s.
Benefits of and Barriers to Pharmacogenomics-Guided Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder

Antidepressants have reduced the symptom burden for many Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients, but drug-related side effects and treatment resistance continue to present major challenges. Pharmacogenomics represents one approach to enhance antidepressant efficacy and avoid adverse reactions, but concerns remain with regard to the overall "value equation," and several barriers must be overcome to achieve the full potential of MDD pharmacogenomics.
In Situ Measurements of Spectral Emissivity of Materials for Very High Temperature Reactors

AbstractAn experimental facility for in situ measurements of high-temperature spectral emissivity of materials in environments of interest to the gas-cooled very high temperature reactor (VHTR) has been developed. The facility is capable of measuring emissivities of seven materials in a single experiment, thereby enhancing the accuracy in measurements due to even minor systemic variations in temperatures and environments. The system consists of a cylindrical silicon carbide (SiC) block with seven sample cavities and a deep blackbody cavity, a detailed optical system, and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The reliability of the facility has been confirmed by comparing measured spectral emissivities of SiC, boron nitride, and alumina (Al2O3) at 600°C against those reported in literature. The spectral emissivities of two candidate alloys for VHTR, INCONEL® alloy 617 (INCONEL is a registered trademark of the Special Metals Corporation group of companies) and SA508 steel, in air environment at 700°C w...
Projects and pedagogical expectations: Inside P. J. Marperger's ‘golden clover leaf’ (Trifolium), 1700–1730

Many eighteenth-century projectors believed in the potential of pedagogy, including its ability to improve lives and to radically reconfigure the structure of society. Despite an obvious inability to predict how effective their projects would be if implemented, those who managed to gain the support of state leaders very frequently peddled educational reform schemes they expected would generate real improvements, including heightened abilities to apprehend the quality of usefulness. This paper considers the relationship between pedagogy and expectations in a three-part reform project put forward by an early commercial advisor and projector named Paul Jacob Marperger (1656–1730). Keenly aware of the pedagogical dimensions of ongoing efforts to both generate useful knowledge and to cultivate skilled observers and makers of it, Marperger used his project to showcase his commitment to the incremental improvement of society via the creation of new training regimens for young people and adults. The paper studies how he linked his expectations to existing institutions, technologies and ongoing reform efforts, including new teaching methods and materials.
TIPP: parallel Delaunay triangulation for large-scale datasets

Because of the importance of Delaunay Triangulation in science and engineering, researchers have devoted extensive attention to parallelizing this fundamental algorithm. However, generating unstructured meshes for extremely large point sets remains a barrier for scientists working with large scale or high resolution datasets.In this paper, we introduce a novel algorithm - Triangulation of Independent Partitions in Parallel which divides the domain into many independent partitions that can be triangulated in parallel. In contrast to stitching methods, merging our partition triangulations into a single result is easily done, and satisfies the Delaunay criteria.We use C/C++ and MPI (Message Passing Interface) to implement and evaluate our algorithm on a cluster. Experimental results show that our parallel implementation outperforms our serial implementation by roughly 27x for 1 billion triangles. Lastly, we believe we have generated the largest Delaunay mesh to-date, at 16 billion triangles.
Advancing broadening participation research at RESPECT

Understanding how to apply fundamental computer science problem solving skills is quickly becoming a required competency. It is critical to address issues of equity and inclusion so that we can engage all people in learning key concepts in computing. The Conference for Research on Equity and Sustained Participation in Engineering, Computing, and Technology (RESPECT) is intended to address these needs, serving to build a strong community, theory, and foundation for research on broadening participation.
GeneLab: Omics Database for Spaceflight Experiments

Motivation - To curate and organize expensive spaceflight experiments conducted aboard space stations and maximize the scientific return of investment, while democratizing access to vast amounts of spaceflight related omics data generated from several model organisms. Results - The GeneLab Data System (GLDS) is an open access database containing fully coordinated and curated "omics" (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) data, detailed metadata and radiation dosimetry for a variety of model organisms. GLDS is supported by an integrated data system allowing federated search across several public bioinformatics repositories. Archived datasets can be queried using full-text search (e.g., keywords, Boolean and wildcards) and results can be sorted in multifactorial manner using assistive filters. GLDS also provides a collaborative platform built on GenomeSpace for sharing files and analyses with collaborators. It currently houses 172 datasets and supports standard guidelines for submission of datasets, MIAME (for microarray), ENCODE Consortium Guidelines (for RNA-seq) and MIAPE Guidelines (for proteomics).