cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cervicofacial rhytidectomy after head and neck tumor removal.

Objective: To compare intraoperative and postoperative complication rates of cervicofacial rhytidectomy after head and neck tumor removal with complication rates of rhytidectomy in the normal patient population. Study Design: Retrospective chart review and literature review. Methods: A sample of 11 patients treated by a single surgeon (D.A.S.) at an academic referral center who met the inclusion criteria was reviewed for previous head and neck surgical history, medical history, and surgical results and subsequent complications of the facial esthetic procedure. These rates were compared with the complication rates for cervicofacial rhytidectomy in normal patients as quoted in the general medical literature. Results: Patients ranged in age from 48 to 75 years (mean age, 58 y). Of the 11, no patient experienced a major complication of rhytidectomy, and two experienced a minor postoperative complication. Both patients had received postoperative radiation for the treatment of their previous tumor, and both noted a small (<1.5 cm) area of wound dehiscence before postoperative day 10, which required no revision and healed without sequelae. No other intraoperative or postoperative complications were found. Conclusion: Cervicofacial rhytidectomy may be safely and effectively performed on postoperative patients with head and neck tumors without increased incidence of major complications when compared with patients without a surgical tumor history. The increased incidence of minor wound dehiscence experienced by 2 of the 3 patients who received postoperative radiation in this study may indicate that small areas of skin incision dehiscence are more likely in patients who have been radiated. Surgeons performing rhytidectomy on patients with head and neck tumors who were previously radiated should consider more meticulous subdermal closure to avoid such dehiscence. Patients should be informed of the slightly higher risk of dehiscence before surgery.
The synaptic organization of the cortical projection to the pulvinar of the squirrel monkey

The synaptic morphology of the pulvinar has been examined following cortical lesions in peristriate, posterior temporal and posterior parietal areas. Light-microscopic stains demonstrate orthograde degeneration in p. lateralis, p. inferior, and the posterior nucleus, with a convergent input to the medial one-half of p. inferior and the posterior nucleus. Electron microscopic examination shows that parts of two different populations of synaptic terminals degenerate as a result of the cortical lesions: the RS terminal, which rapidly becomes electron-dense and later is phagocytosed, and the RL terminal, which initially exhibits signs of neurofilamentous hyperplasia and later becomes electron-dense. Comparisons are made between the pulvinar and other thalamic nuclei with respect to synaptic organization and the origin of extrinsic synaptic terminals. It is pointed out that while the overall arrangements within the pulvinar are equivalent to those in VB, MGB or dLGN, the fact that two different populations of synaptic terminals originate in the cortex suggests functional differences between the pulvinar and other parts of the thalamus examined thus far. The possible phylogenetic origins of different parts of the pulvinar are also discussed.
What's needed to build team players? (Extended abstract for an invited talk)

In this talk, I will briefly review the major features of one model of collaborative planning, SharedPlans. The model provides a framework in which to raise and address fundamental questions about collaboration and the construction of collaboration-capable agents. I will discuss recent approaches to three plan management processes - assessment of alternatives, commitment management, and group decision-making for recipe selection and task allocation - and will raise several challenges for future research.
African Primate Assemblages Exhibit a Latitudinal Gradient in Dispersal Limitation

Recent studies have demonstrated that dispersal limitation, which refers to the limited ability of individuals to reach distant geographic areas, is an important influence on the species that are found in primate assemblages. In this study, we investigate the relative influences of dispersal limitation and environmental filtering in 131 African primate assemblages in 9 biogeographic regions throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Specifically, we evaluate the dispersal-ecological specialization hypothesis, which posits that there are trade-offs between dispersal ability and ecological specialization that are influenced by climatic variation along latitudinal gradients. The hypothesis predicts that species in assemblages near the equator, where climatic conditions are more stable, will exhibit stronger dispersal limitation and greater ecological specialization than species within assemblages located further from the equator, where climate is more variable. In contrast, assemblages located at higher latitudes are expected to be influenced more strongly by environmental filtering than dispersal limitation. We used hierarchical cluster analysis to identify regions, conducted partial Mantel tests to evaluate the contributions of dispersal limitation and environmental filtering in each region, and evaluated predictors of those contributions with linear regression. In all regions, dispersal limitation was a stronger predictor of community similarity than was environmental filtering, yet the strength of dispersal limitation varied. Dispersal limitation was greatest at low latitudes and declined with increasing absolute latitude. Thus, primate assemblages exhibited a significant latitudinal gradient in dispersal limitation, but not in environmental filtering. These results support aspects of the dispersal-ecological specialization hypothesis and call for future mechanistic studies to address this broad-scale pattern.
Structure, function, self-assembly, and applications of bottlebrush copolymers

Bottlebrush polymers are a type of branched or graft polymer with polymeric side-chains attached to a linear backbone, and the unusual architectures of bottlebrushes provide a number of unique and potentially useful properties. These include a high entanglement molecular weight, enabling rapid self-assembly of bottlebrush block copolymers into large domain structures, the self-assembly of bottlebrush block copolymer micelles in a selective solvent even at very low dilutions, and the functionalization of bottlebrush side-chains for recognition, imaging, or drug delivery in aqueous environments. This review article focuses on recent developments in the field of bottlebrush polymers with an emphasis on applications of bottlebrush copolymers. Bottlebrush copolymers contain two (or more) different types of polymeric side-chains. Recent work has explored the diverse properties and functions of bottlebrush polymers and copolymers in solutions, films, and melts, and applications explored include photonic materials, bottlebrush films for lithographic patterning, drug delivery, and tumor detection and imaging. We provide a brief introduction to bottlebrush synthesis and physical properties and then discuss work related to: (i) bottlebrush self-assembly in melts and bulk thin films, (ii) bottlebrushes for photonics and lithography, (iii) bottlebrushes for small molecule encapsulation and delivery in solution, and (iv) bottlebrush micelles and assemblies in solution. We briefly discuss three potential areas for future research, including developing a more quantitative model of bottlebrush self-assembly in the bulk, studying the properties of bottlebrushes at interfaces, and investigating the solution assembly of bottlebrush copolymers.
Identification of Bona Fide Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines

Most investigators using human tumor cell lines have not initiated the tumor cell lines, but rather obtained them from colleagues or repositories. Although the latter source would seem to offer some security regarding the authenticity of the cell lines, investigators bear the burden of assuring that the cell lines selected are appropriate to the research and maintained in a way that preserves their identity. In this issue of the Journal, Boonstra et al. ( 1 ) report a survey of available esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) tumor cell lines. They show that three very widely used cell lines are, in fact, derived from other tumor types and concluded that the use of these cell lines “threatens the development of treatment strategies for esophageal adenocarcinoma.” Certainly, it is important for this information to be available to the research community and, to the extent that EAC cell lines may refl ect important aspects of biology unique to therapeutic targeting of that tumor type, their conclusion is valid. Misidentifi cation, cross-contamination, and confusion regarding tumor cell lines is not a new problem. Beginning in the 1970s, evidence of widespread contamination by HeLa cells was recognized by Nelson-Rees et al. ( 2 ) based on cytogenetic analyses. This fi nding led to the development of some early recommendations for quality control of cell lines, which also included analysis of isoenzyme expression patterns ( 3 ). Although state-of-the-art at the time, these methods were time consuming and required a high level of expertise. The identifi cation of HeLa marker chromosomes or derivatives by G-banding in highly aneuploid metaphases with many chromosomal rearrangements is no easy task. The advent of spectral karyotyping has added objectivity and resolution to the process and supported identifi cation of instances of contamination in tumor cell lines with extremely abnormal karyotypes ( 4 ). The development of molecular biological techniques, such as DNA fi ngerprinting, has provided for a quantum increase in resolution. Masters et al. ( 5 ) have advocated the use of short terminal repeat (STR) fi ngerprinting, a straightforward standardized method that has gained wide acceptance. Forensic applications of this technology have generated a large commercial market for DNA fi ngerprinting. This, in turn, has led to the marketing of affordably priced kits for STR fi ngerprinting. Moreover, large publicly accessible databases with STR fi ngerprint results provide a useful reference against which investigators can compare data. Boonstra et al. have made a substantial contribution with STR characterization of the available EAC tumor cell lines.
A continuous, analytic drain-current model for DG MOSFETs

This letter presents a continuous analytic current-voltage (I-V) model for double-gate (DG) MOSFETs. It is derived from closed-form solutions of Poisson's equation, and current continuity equation without the charge-sheet approximation. The entire I/sub ds/(V/sub g/,V/sub ds/) characteristics for all regions of MOSFET operation: linear, saturation, and subthreshold, are covered under one continuous function, making it ideally suited for compact modeling. By preserving the proper physics, this model readily depicts "volume inversion" in symmetric DG MOSFETs-a distinctively noncharge-sheet phenomenon that cannot be reproduced by standard charge-sheet based I-V models. It is shown that the I-V curves generated by the analytic model are in complete agreement with two-dimensional numerical simulation results for all ranges of gate and drain voltages.
Majoritarian Morality and Parental Rights

This article addresses the implications of the Supreme Court’s constitutional doctrines on sexual privacy, equal protection, and family and parental rights for the adjudication of custody and visitation cases in which the parents’ sexual behavior offends the prevailing morality or their community. The Supreme Court has recognized a right of privacy that protects personal autonomy in certain decisions relating to reproduction, but has also noted that states may enact law to advance a majority view of sexual morality.In order to address these implications, the article examines the disjunction between the Court’s decision in Bowers v. Hardwick and the Court’s equal protection and substantive due process jurisprudence on family and parental rights.
Effect of tension on lysis of collagen.

Summary and ConclusionsThe isolated perfused cirrhotic rat liver which is the site of mesenchymal cell proliferation incorporates 3 times as much C14 lysine into serum gamma globulin as the normal liver from litter mate controls. This data is interpreted as further evidence that hypergammaglobulinemia in active cirrhosis results partly from persistent increase of gamma globulin producing mesenchymal cells in the liver.
Coordination and reductive chemistry of tetraphenylborate complexes of trivalent rare earth metallocene cations, [(C5Me5)2Ln][(μ-Ph)2BPh2].

The reactivity of the tetraphenylborate salts of the rare earth metallocene cations [(C5Me5)2Ln][(μ-Ph)2BPh2] (Ln = Y, 1; Sm, 2) has been investigated with substrates that undergo reduction with f element complexes to probe metal-substrate interactions prior to reduction. Results with NaN3, 1-adamantyl azide, acetone, benzophenone, phenanthroline, pyridine, azobenzene, and phenazine are described. Not only were coordination complexes isolated, but substrate reduction by (BPh4)− was also observed. Complex 1 reacts with NaN3 to form the azide [(C5Me5)2YN3]x, 3, which crystallizes as [(C5Me5)2Y(μ-N3)]3, 4, when obtained from 1 and 1-adamantyl azide. The samarium analogue [(C5Me5)2SmN3]x, 5, can be produced similarly from 2 and NaN3 and crystallized from MeCN as [(C5Me5)2Sm(NCMe)(μ-N3)]3, 6, and {[(C5Me5)2Sm(μ-N3)][(C5Me5)2Sm(NCMe)(μ-N3)]}n, 7. Complexes 1 and 2 react with stoichiometric amounts of acetone and benzophenone to form the ketone adducts [(C5Me5)2Ln(OCMe2)2][BPh4] (Ln = Y, 8; Sm, 9) and [(C5Me5)2L...
E. coli Agglutinating Activity of Ulcerative Colitis Sera

SummarySera from patients with chronic ulcerative colitis have low agglutination titers against a pathogenic strain of E. coli, due wholly or in part to a decreased content of 19S antibodies.
Inhibition of LH Release as Influenced by LRF Infusion

Four ovariectomized ewes were infused with LRF (10 mug/hr for 20 hr. Jugular vein blood samples were taken at 30 min intervals. After 16 hr of LRF infusion each animal was given a 1 mg iv injection of LRF. At the end of the 20 hr infusion period, the animals were sacrificed and the pituitary removed. Pituitary and plasma samples were analyzed for LH. Plasma LH concentration reached a peak level of 73 ng/ml, 1.5 hr after starting the LRF infusion. A rapid decline in LH concentration occured for the next 3 hr. The plasma LH concentration declined slowly to preinfusion levels over the next 15.5 hr. A small insigificant rise in plasma LH concentration occured when the animals were given 1 mg of LRF after 16 hr of LRF infusion. At the end of the treatment period pituitary LH concentration varied from 369 to 1360 ng/mg. Two of the four ewes had pituitary LH concentrations similar to untreated ovariectomized ewes. The pituitarys' refractoriness to LRF apparently is not due to depletion of pituitary LH.
Amorphous Phase Formation in Solid State Reactions of Layered Nickel Zirconium Films

Formation of an amorphous zirconium-nickel phase by solid state reaction of a layered crystalline structure has been studied by in-situ resistivity, x-ray diffraction, and Auger depth profiling. The reaction was studied as a function of layer thickness and reaction temperature. Samples with a layer thickness of less than 4 atomic planes had x-ray diffraction spectra with one broad maximum characteristic of amorphous material. As the layer thickness increased, the maximum broadened and separated into two resolved peaks corresponding to crystalline nickel and zirconium. These structures were transformed to an amorphous nickel-zirconium alloy by an anneal at temperatures below the crystallization temperature of the amorphous phase. The reaction occured by a layer growth process, where the thickness of the layer evolved linearly with the square root of time.
Comparative patterns of occupancy by decapod crustaceans in seagrass, oyster, and marsh-edge habitats in a Northeast Gulf of Mexico estuary

Decapod crustaceans occupying seagrass, salt marsh edge, and oyster habitats within the St. Martins Aquatic Preserve along the central Gulf coast of Florida were quantitatively sampled using a 1-m2 throw trap during July–August 1999 and March–April 2000. Relative abundance and biomass were used as the primary measures to compare patterns of occupancy among the three habitat types. Representative assemblages of abundant and common species from each habitat were compared using Schoener's Percent Similarity Index (PSI). In all, 17,985 decapods were sampled, representing 14 families and 28 species. In the summer sampling period, mean decapod density did not differ between oyster and seagrass habitats, which both held greater densities of decapods than marsh-edge. In the spring sampling period oyster reef habitat supported greater mean decapod density than both seagrass and marsh-edge, which had similar densities of decapods. Habitat-specific comparisons of decapod density between the two sampling periods indicated no clear seasonal effect. In summer 1999, when seagrasses were well established, decapod biomass among the three habitats was not significantly different. During spring 2000, decapod biomass in oyster (41.40 gm−2) was greater than in marshedge (4.20 gm−2), but did not differ from that of seagrass (9.73 g m−2). There was no significant difference in decapod biomas between seagrass and marsh-edge habitats during the spring 2000 sampling period. The assemblage analysis using Schoener's PSI indicated that decapod assemblages associated with oyster were distinct from seagrass and marshedge habitats (which were similar). The results of this study suggest that in comparison to seagrass and marsh-edge habitats, oyster reef habitats and the distinct assemblage of decapod crustaceans that they support represent an ecologically important component of this estuarine system.
Simplified working equipment for broach in lathe of USA

A kind of Simplified equipment and clamp for broach in lathe, used in small size mechanical assembling factory in USA, is introduced in this paper.
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PRESCHOOL OBESITY.

This longitudinal study of children from six months to six years of age showed differences by age, sex, and race in dietary intakes, eating patterns, and anthropometric measurements. Except for calories and iron at all ages and calcium between two and four years, most children consumed at least two-thirds of the Recommended Dietary Allowances. Dietary protein was consistently high at all ages. There was no apparent relationship between the use and need for vitamin or mineral supplements. At six years of age, most children ate five meals or snacks per day. Television commercials, children accompanying mothers to grocery stores, and the publicized relationships of dietary fat and cholesterol to coronary disease influenced food practices of families. Anthropometric measurements revealed that boys were consistently taller and heavier than girls. However, at all ages, even at six months, girls had higher skinfold values than boys. These data on dietary intakes, eating practices, and anthropometric measurements will be correlated with obesity indexes at each age in subsequent papers.
Activation of epithelial Na+ channels by protein kinase A requires actin filaments.

We have recently demonstrated a novel role for "short" actin filaments, a distinct species of polymerized actin different from either monomeric (G-actin) or long actin filaments (F-actin), in the a...
Probabilities of Promotion

In the first and third part of this book, the supervisory role of rank holders is essential. In this part, however, it does not matter how the rank structure was arrived at. In fact, some organizations may choose to have a finer rank structure with more levels than others, and there need not exist any supervision proper between successive ranks. In the end a method will be developed to compare any rank in one organization with a rank in another organization.
Leopold von Ranke

Herkunft aus lutherischer Pastorenfamilie; 1809–1814 Besuch der Furstenschule Pforta; 1814–1818 Studium der Theologie und Klassischen Philologie in Leipzig; 1818–1825 Oberlehrer am Friedrichsgymnasium in Frankfurt/Oder; 1825 auserordentlicher, 1834 bis 1871 ordentlicher Professor der Geschichte in Berlin; 1827–1831 Archivreise; 1832–1836 Herausgabe der Historisch-politischen Zeitschrift; 1858 Prasident der Historischen Kommission bei der Munchener Akademie der Wissenschaften; 1841 Historiograph des preusischen Staates, 1855 Mitglied des Ordens Pour le merite; 1865 Erhebung in den preusischen Adelsstand.
Curved Beam Element for Arch Buckling Analysis

A finite element model is presented for a beam initially curved in one plane but deformable in the three dimensional space. Geometric nonlinearities are included in the analysis and eigenproblems are formulated to calculate the bifurcation buckling loads of arches. Numerical results obtained for some problems indicated that —n2? had only negligible effect on the buckling load and that the rotation terms in —n1? should be deleted. Results thus obtained with the modified —n1? matrix and with only a few elements to represent the arch structure indicated very good agreement with known analytical solutions and available experimental data.
A STUDY OF THE HEVNER ADJECTIVE LIST

tive list.' 2 While originally intended for work in music it has been borrowed for research in other sensory areas.3 Its 67 words, which are arranged in eight clusters, describe a variety of moods. The moodal quale expressed by the adjectives within any one cluster has been assumed to be almost identical. Hence, it has become customary to describe musical phrases, objects of art, or other items of aesthetic interest in terms of the list's eight clusters rather than its 67 adjectives. Since these adjective clusters have received so much attention it seemed to the writer important to put them through certain tests, primarily to learn whether or not the members of any given cluster were describing the roughly similar moods Hevner had intended. A check was also planned on the idea that the clusters formed a sort of clock dial or circle with the mood described by the adjectives of cluster 2 most similar to moods characterized by clusters 1 and 3, that described by 5 most like those represented by 4 and 6, etc. The plan of the research was to present to two hundred subjects some 56 musical phrases, each of which kept reasonably well to a single mood. The Hevner adjectives would be given to the subjects along with each musical phrase. The directive would be to check as many adjectives as seemed appropriate or to add others not in the list if additions seemed needed.4 The plan called for the counting of the adjectives checked for each musical phrase and for an assessment of the phrase in terms of the 67 (actually only 66) adjectives. Thus, the phrase receiving most checks for "sentimental" would obtain the rank of 1 for that adjective, or, conversely, "sentimental" would receive a 1 for that phrase. Every adjective, then, would possess a series of ranks from 1 through 56, made from the checks it received while the 56 musical phrases were being played. These rank orders could then be correlated to show the tally resemblances, the degrees to which the adjectives had similar moodal meanings. During the autumn of 1951 and the winter of 1952 two hundred students were drawn from Stanford University's courses in elementary psychology to serve as subjects. Required to take part in five researches, they had chosen this * This paper was presented in part before the 1953 meetings of the Esthetics Division of the American Psychological Association. The study was partially financed by Stanford's Committee on Supplementary Research Grants. 'Hevner, K., Experimental studies of the elements of expression in music, Amer. J. Psychol., 48 (1936), 246-268. 2 Hevner, K., Expression in music: a discussion of experimental studies and theories, Psychol. Rev., 47 (1935), 186-204. 3 Ross, R. T., Studies in the psychology of the theatre, Psychol. Rec., 2 (1938), 127-190. 4 Since the subjects added very few new adjectives, only those of the standard list are considered in this paper.
A phase II study of neoadjuvant therapy with cisplatin, docetaxel, panitumumab plus radiation therapy followed by surgery in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus (ACOSOG Z4051).

4062 Background: Multiple clinical trials have incorporated preoperative chemotherapy and radiation (RT) in an attempt to improve local tumor control, distant disease failure and overall survival r...
Informed operators: speeding up genetic-algorithm-based design optimization using reduced models

In this paper we describe a method for improving genetic-algorithm-based optimization using informed genetic operators. The idea is to make the genetic operators such as mutation and crossover more informed using reduced models. In every place where a random choice is made, for example when a point is mutated, instead of generating just one random mutation we generate several, rank them using a reduced model, then take the best to be the result of the mutation. The proposed method is particularly suitable for search spaces with expensive evaluation functions, such as arise in engineering design. Empirical results in several engineering design domains demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly speed up the GA optimizer.
Constrained by Duality: Third-Party Master Narratives in the 2016 Presidential Election:

The 2016 presidential election saw the rise and fall of third-party candidates Jill Stein and Gary Johnson. This essay proposes that such third-party candidates are challenged in navigating the dic...
50. What can be expected of quality controls performed by analysing the dynamic LOG files produced by “traditional” external radiotherapy treatment machines (Linacs)?

Introduction The dynamic LOG files contain the radiation parameters of the beam delivered at a higher or lower frequency and, in the best of cases, the identity of the patient who was treated and of the beam. They can hopefully provide the means for a convenient quality control of the treated beam integrated into patient treatment workflow. However all dynamic LOG files are not of equal quality, therefore their respective structures must be thoroughly examined to be able to correctly interpret the results of the quality controls performed using these files and to be able to set the tolerances around these results in a pertinent manner. And finally, dynamic LOG files do not always reflect the reality of the irradiation conditions. It is therefore important to be familiar with these artefacts and with what must be implemented in order to minimise their consequences for patients. Methods The treatment machines produce different types of dynamic LOG files: • VARIAN machines: DynaLogs by the Clinac and TrajectoryLogs by the Truebeam. • ELEKTA machines: 2 types in service mode (.xml and.prf), 1 type in clinical mode (.dat), however ELEKTA only authorises the Icom-VX path to retrieve the radiation parameters in clinical mode. Several recent articles in relevant scientific journals describe the shortcomings in the capability of dynamic LOG files to always accurately reflect the actual radiation. Results The author presents: • A comparison of the different types of dynamic LOG files. • Two ways in which to use these files, the respective pros and cons for each, emphasising the importance of never over-interpreting statistical data. • A few revealing examples of the value of analysing dynamic LOG files to perform a Linac quality control integrated in the patient treatment workflow. • The articles written that have defeated the data contained in the dynamic LOG files. Conclusions The author again underlines the power of the Linac quality controls performed using the dynamic LOG files which they generate, but also stresses the precautions that need to be taken to ensure that this methodology remains pertinent.
Survival of adult Steller sea lions in Alaska: senescence, annual variation and covariation with male reproductive success

Population dynamics of long-lived vertebrates depend critically on adult survival, yet factors affecting survival and covariation between survival and other vital rates in adults remain poorly examined for many taxonomic groups of long-lived mammals (e.g. actuarial senescence has been examined for only 9 of 34 extant pinniped species using longitudinal data). We used mark–recapture models and data from 2795 Steller sea lion ( Eumetopias jubatus ) pups individually marked at four of five rookeries in southeastern Alaska (SEAK) and resighted for 21 years to examine senescence, annual variability and covariation among life-history traits in this long-lived, sexually dimorphic pinniped. Sexes differed in age of onset (approx. 16–17 and approx. 8–9 years for females and males, respectively), but not rate (−0.047 and −0.046/year of age for females and males) of senescence. Survival of adult males from northern SEAK had greatest annual variability (approx. ±0.30 among years), whereas survival of adult females ranged approximately ±0.10 annually. Positive covariation between male survival and reproductive success was observed. Survival of territorial males was 0.20 higher than that of non-territorial males, resulting in the majority of males alive at oldest ages being territorial.
Cycloaddition Reactions of Dicarbonyl(η5-cyclopentadienyl)(η1-indenyl)iron

[3 + 2]-Cycloaddition reactions of the title compound with maleic anhydride and tetracyanoethylene form benzonorbornene derivatives. Dimethyl fumarate, dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, and diethyl ...
Attorney Liability for Tortious Interference: Interference with Contractual Relations or Interference with the Practice of Law?

Allowing individuals to bring tortious interference claims against opposing attorneys for conduct occurring during the representation of a client and that lies close to the core of what it means to practice law presents courts with particularly challenging policy choices. The defendant-attorney's conduct in such cases may involve the filing of a lawsuit, pre-trial settlement strategy, the use of the rules regarding conflicts of interest to disqualify opposing counsel, and questionable trial tactics. The primary concern with permitting interference claims in this context is the potential for such claims to chill legitimate advocacy. However, if properly defined, interference claims, and tort law more generally, can serve an important role in maintaining professionalism among attorneys and preserving other important societal values. Accordingly, courts should move toward a more context-specific approach in formulating rules for determining when a defendant-attorney has interfered improperly with the relationship of another during the course of litigation.
Characterization of a large-area iQID imager for safeguards applications

Abstract Environmental sampling and sample analyses by the International Atomic Energy Agency is a key method for verifying declarations in international safeguards agreements. Quantitative Digital Autoradiography for Environmental Samples is a system developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory to examine environmental swipe samples (ESS) prior to subsequent, destructive analysis. This approach is passive and noninvasive for imaging beta and gamma emissions, which transmit through the plastic bags containing the ESS. Alpha particle imaging is also possible with different ESS containers. This technology is based on a portable, real-time, event-counting, high spatial resolution system called iQID (ionizing-radiation Quantum Imaging Detector), which is made from commercial, off-the-shelf components. This includes a scintillator in direct contact with a micro-channel plate image intensifier and a lens for imaging the intensified scintillation events onto a CCD/CMOS camera. The QDARES large-area iQID includes a fiber-optic taper coupled to the image intensifier which increases the imaging area to a ∼ 100 cm square with a 105 mm x 105 mm taper. In this paper, we describe new characterization results, including spatial resolution, energy response, minimum detectable activity for several isotopes, detector uniformity, and count-rate capability.
Pyramid Structured Optical Flow Learning with Motion Cues

After the introduction of FlowNet and the large scale synthetic dataset Flying Chairs, we witnessed a rapid growth of deep learning based optical flow estimation algorithms. However, most of these algorithms rely on a very deep network to learn both large and small motions, making them less efficient. They also process each frame individually for the video dataset like MPI Sintel without using temporally correlated information across frames. This paper presents a pyramid structured network that estimates the optical flow from coarse to fine. We use a much shallower subnetwork at each pyramid level to predict an incremental flow, which contains relatively small motions, based on higher level's prediction. For video dataset, the network utilizes motion cues from previous frames' estimations for assistance. Evaluations show that the proposed network outperforms FlowNet on multiple benchmarks and has a slight edge on other similar pyramid structure networks. The shallow network design shrinks the parameter size by 88% comparing to FlowNet, allowing it to reach almost 100 frames per second prediction speed.
Differential Effects of Yeast NADH Dehydrogenase (Ndi1) Expression on Mitochondrial Function and Inclusion Formation in a Cell Culture Model of Sporadic Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that exhibits aberrant protein aggregation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Ndi1, the yeast mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase (complex I) enzyme, is a single subunit, internal matrix-facing protein. Previous studies have shown that Ndi1 expression leads to improved mitochondrial function in models of complex I-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. The trans-mitochondrial cybrid cell model of PD was created by fusing mitochondrial DNA-depleted SH-SY5Y cells with platelets from a sporadic PD patient. PD cybrid cells reproduce the mitochondrial dysfunction observed in a patient’s brain and periphery and form intracellular, cybrid Lewy bodies comparable to Lewy bodies in PD brain. To improve mitochondrial function and alter the formation of protein aggregates, Ndi1 was expressed in PD cybrid cells and parent SH-SY5Y cells. We observed a dramatic increase in mitochondrial respiration, increased mitochondrial gene expression, and increased PGC-1α gene expression in PD cybrid cells expressing Ndi1. Total cellular aggregated protein content was decreased but Ndi1 expression was insufficient to prevent cybrid Lewy body formation. Ndi1 expression leads to improved mitochondrial function and biogenesis signaling, both processes that could improve neuron survival during disease. However, other aspects of PD pathology such as cybrid Lewy body formation were not reduced. Consequently, resolution of mitochondrial dysfunction alone may not be sufficient to overcome other aspects of PD-related cellular pathology.
AOH-Map: A Mind Mapping System for Supporting Collaborative Cyber Security Analysis

Cyber Security Operations Centers (CSOCs) have been widely built in organizations for intrusion detection and incident response. Cyber security analysts play a critical role in CSOCs as they continuously monitor network activities to achieve cyber situational awareness. These analysts are tasked with poring over massive network monitoring data collected by various cyber defense technologies, such as Intrusion Detection System (IDS) alerts and firewall logs. To achieve awareness of the potential attacks and to have an effective real-time response, cyber security analysts need to work in teams and must be able to quickly exchange their findings and divide tasks among each other. Currently the information sharing and task division are done inefficiently which negatively impacts the response and decision-making time. To this end, we propose a collaborative analysis support system that can record, represent and reveal the analytical reasoning process of analysts. The system consists of tracing modules, a trace parser and an interactive visual map, named “AOH-Map”. This map integrates all the captured traces of analysts’ analytical reasoning process, and analysts can directly interact with the AOH-Map to review past analysis, share their findings and divide tasks in a timely manner. The system has been implemented and evaluated in a two-phase human subject experiment. The results show that the proposed system is effective in supporting collaboration among cyber analysts in terms of information sharing and task division.
A-spiro: Towards continuous respiration monitoring

Abstract This paper introduces A-spiro, a single-point wearable sensing technique to estimate respiratory flow and volume, in addition to respiratory rate. We show that when coupled with an inertial measurement unit, our system can accurately measure breathing parameters, even when the user is ambulatory. A-spiro can model lung hysteresis to separately predict increasing and decreasing trends of breathing flow. Existing techniques either monitor breathing rate only, or estimate volume and flow when the user is immobile, for example, sleeping. We validate our system for 20 users of different age, weight, height, and ethnicity, and capture breathing data across 6 different activities. For a total of 578 min of data, we show that A-spiro’s generalized model for flow has an accuracy of 93% across 6 activities when compared to a spirometer. The estimated minute ventilation has an accuracy of 94.4%, while the estimated respiratory rate has a mean accuracy of 96% across all activities when compared to ground truth. We also compare A-spiro to a state-of-the-art system available commercially.
Ab Initio/GIAO-CCSD(T) investigation of 11B–13C NMR chemical shift relationships in trifluoro- and trihydridoborate anions and their isoelectronic neutral alkane derivatives

Abstract Trivalent boron-carbenium ion continuum was extended to include trifluoro-, F 3 BX − (X = H 1a , CH 3 3a , F 5a , CF 3 7a , CN 9a , NO 2 11a , HCC 13a , H 2 CCH 15a ) and trihydridoborate, H 3 BX − (X = H 2a , CH 3 4a , F 6a , CF 3 8a , CN 10a , NO 2 12a , HCC 14a , H 2 CCH 16a ) anions and their corresponding isoelectronic neutral trifluoro-, F 3 CX and trihydridoalkanes, H 3 CX. The 11 B NMR chemical shifts of a series of trifluoro- and trihydridoborate anions and the 13 C NMR chemical shifts of the corresponding isoelectronic neutral trifluoro- and and trihydridoalkanes were calculated by GIAO-CCSD(T) method. The data show good linear correlation between 11 B and 13 C NMR chemical shifts, which indicates that the same factors that determine the chemical shifts of the boron nuclei also govern the chemical shifts of the carbon nuclei within these trifluoro- and trihydrido compounds.
Progress in Innate Immunity

Recently,there are tremendous progresses in the stuay of innate immunity,particularly in the identification and characterization of the pattem recognition receptors (PRRs) which recognize the pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).It has been well accepted that innate immunity not only provides the first line to protect host avoiding infection but also plsys an essential role to activate adaptive immunity.Without innate immunity,the adaptive immunity is feeble.Toll-like receptors are the key molecular sensor of innate immunity and the well-churacterized PRRs.The activated TLR signaling rapidly induces the expression of a variety of genes involved in the inflammatory and immune responses.All these new insights into TLRs and TLR signaling have been changing our understanding and treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases. Key words: Toll-like receptor; Innate immunity; TLR signaling; Infection
An early Miocene extinction in pelagic sharks

Shark populations have been decimated in recent decades because of overfishing and other anthropogenic stressors; however, the long-term impacts of such changes in marine predator abundance and diversity are poorly constrained. We present evidence for a previously unknown major extinction event in sharks that occurred in the early Miocene, ~19 million years ago. During this interval, sharks virtually disappeared from open-ocean sediments, declining in abundance by >90% and morphological diversity by >70%, an event from which they never recovered. This abrupt extinction occurred independently from any known global climate event and ~2 million to 5 million years before diversifications in the highly migratory, large-bodied predators that dominate pelagic ecosystems today, indicating that the early Miocene was a period of rapid, transformative change for open-ocean ecosystems.
Detector and Mixer Technology for Millimeter Waves

During the past years, a great deal of work has gone into developing low noise mixers and detectors for millimeter and submillimeter waves [1 - 9]. This paper is not intended to provide a comprehensive review of millimeter detector and mixer technology but rather is intended to point out some research areas of current interest. In the following paragraphs, a few comments on the status of Schottky-barrier diodes are made, including recent data [10] on a beam leaded configuration utilized in hybrid integrated circuits. Efforts to increase the burnout capacity of Schottky-barrier diodes and to use of other types of diodes such as TUNNETT and BARITT diodes as high burnout mixers are described. This discussion is followed by consideration of detectors and mixers which operate at cryogenic temperatures - devices based on Josephson and quasi-particle tunneling (SIS) junctions, super-Schottky-barriers and hot electron effects. Some work underway on cryogenic refrigeration is described also.
Data Quality Assurance Begins Before Data Collection and Never Ends: What Marketing Researchers Absolutely Need to Remember

Data quality has become an area of increasing concern in marketing research. Methods of collecting data, types of data analyzed, and data analytics techniques have changed substantially in recent y...
A bidomain model of the ECG: Time integrals and the inverse problem

With use of a bisyncitial model of the heart, it is shown that time integrals of QRS and QSR-T are related to the amplitude (A), area (µ), and activation time (τ) of the cellular action potential (AP) on the closed surface surrounding the ventricles. For the normal heart, solution of the inverse problem would give µ and τ on the heart surface, and by interpolation in the myocardium, allowing reconstruction of the AP. In the case of ischemia and infarction, µ and A τ would be available, which, while not defining the AP, might provide valuable information. Necrosis introduces an unknown perturbation.
Principles of Quantum Mechanics: As Applied to Chemistry and Chemical Physics

This text presents a rigorous mathematical account of the principles of quantum mechanics, in particular as applied to chemistry and chemical physics. Applications are used as illustrations of the basic theory. The first two chapters serve as an introduction to quantum theory, although it is assumed that the reader has been exposed to elementary quantum mechanics as part of an undergraduate physical chemistry or atomic physics course. Following a discussion of wave motion leading to Schrodinger's wave mechanics, the postulates of quantum mechanics are presented along with essential mathematical concepts and techniques. The postulates are rigorously applied to the harmonic oscillator, angular momentum, the hydrogen atom, the variation method, perturbation theory, and nuclear motion. Modern theoretical concepts such as hermitian operators, Hilbert space, Dirac notation, and ladder operators are introduced and used throughout. This text is appropriate for beginning graduate students in chemistry, chemical physics, molecular physics and materials science.
Technology Candidates for Air-to-Air and Air-to-Ground Data Exchange: An overview of three NASA NRAs

Identify and characterize long-term technology candidates for air-to-air and air-to-ground data exchange for the National Air Transportation System, and investigate how the communications candidates will serve evolving airspace applications over a National Airspace modernization time horizon of 50 years  Develop Report: Data Communications Technology Candidates Develop Report: Identify Infrastructure and Architecture Needs of Candidate Technologies
North Carolina State University Department of Statistics

In the late 1930s, the US Department of Agriculture was moving to advanced statistical methods for the collection and analysis of data. By chance, early in 1940 a leading USDA statistician, W. F. Callander, was traveling on the same train as the President of the Consolidated University of North Carolina, Frank Porter Graham. During their conversation, Callander described the need to establish a statistical center in the south. Graham, who had always been supportive of the College of Agriculture at NC State College, responded “We’ll do it at North Carolina State College”.
A Framework for Tracking Memory Accesses in Scientific Applications

Profiling is of great assistance in understanding and optimizing applications' behavior. Today's profiling techniques help developers focus on the pieces of code leading to the highest penalties according to a given performance metric. In this paper we describe a pair of tools we have extended to complement the traditional algorithm-oriented analysis. Our extended tools provide new object-differentiated profiling capabilities that help software developers and hardware designers (1) understand access patterns, (2) identify unexpected access patterns, and (3) determine whether a particular memory object is consistently featuring a troublesome access pattern. Memory objects found in this way may have gone unnoticed with the traditional profiling approach. This additional view may lead developers to think of different ways of storing data, leveraging different algorithms, or employing different memory subsystems in future heterogeneous memory systems.