cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The far C-terminus of MCAK regulates its conformation and spindle pole focusing

To ensure proper spindle assembly, microtubule (MT) dynamics needs to be spatially regulated within the cell. The kinesin-13 MCAK is a potent MT depolymerase with a complex subcellular localization, yet how MCAK spatial regulation contributes to spindle assembly is not understood. Here we show that the far C-terminus of MCAK plays a critical role in regulating MCAK conformation, subspindle localization, and spindle assembly in Xenopus egg extracts. Alteration of MCAK conformation by the point mutation E715A/E716A in the far C-terminus increased MCAK targeting to the poles and reduced MT lifetimes, which induced spindles with unfocused poles. These effects were phenocopied by the Aurora A phosphomimetic mutation, S719E. Furthermore, addition of the kinesin-14 XCTK2 to spindle assembly reactions rescued the unfocused-pole phenotype. Collectively our work shows how the regional targeting of MCAK regulates MT dynamics, highlighting the idea that multiple phosphorylation pathways of MCAK cooperate to spatially control MT dynamics to maintain spindle architecture.
Performance predictions for the adaptive optics system at LCRD's Ground Station 1

NASA's LCRD mission will lay the foundation for future laser communication systems. We show the design of the Table Mountain ground station's AO system and time series of predicted coupling efficiency.
Control of morphology of Zn2SiO4 by hydrothermal preparation

Pure and Mn-doped willemite, Zn2SiO4 of different morphologies and particle sizes were prepared with and without NH4OH under different hydrothermal conditions. Pure willemite was synthesized at a temperature as low as 165 °C using autogeneous pressure. The nature of the anion, silica source and the NH4OH∶Zn2+ ratio played an important role in the size and morphology of the willemite phase. The presence of SO 4 2− anions resulted in mainly equiaxed grains. Such powders are expected to be good for consolidation and in the processing of phosphors.
HPLC simultaneous determination of levofloxacin hydrochloride and dyclonine hydrochloride in Minning liniment

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for determination of levofloxacin hydrochloride and dyclonine hydrochloride in Minning liniment.Methods:Zorbax SB-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) column was adopted,the mobile phase consisted of methanol-pH 2.5,0.02 mol·L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate(70∶30) at the flow rate of 0.6 mL·min-1,the column temperature was 30 ℃,and the detection wavelength was set at 300 nm.Results:The linear ranges of levofloxacin hydrochloride and dyclonine hydrochloride were 0.016-0.131 μg(r=1.000) and 0.071-0.592 μg(r=1.000),and the average recovery was 99.3%-99.8% with RSD0.6%.Conclusion:The methed is simple,rapid and accurate,and can be used for the quality control of compound Minning liniment.
The problem of nasal obstruction.

The physiologie, anatomie, pathologie, and clinical aspects of nasal obstruction are discussed in this review.
Altered luteinizing hormone pulse frequency in early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle with luteal phase defect patients in women

Objective To delineate the relationship between the pulsatile gonadotropin inputs in early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and the P secretions by the corpus luteum in women. Design For measuring pulsatile release of gonadotropin, blood samples were drawn every 15 minutes for 24 hours in the early follicular phase. Daily blood samples were drawn for LH, FSH, E 2 , and P. Setting The reproductive endocrine unit of a university hospital. Patients Fourteen patients with luteal phase defect (LPD) and 12 normally cycling women. Results The length of follicular phase in LPD was significantly shorter than that of women with normal cycles. There were significant differences in LH pulsatile secretions and amplitudes in LPD patients when compared with those of women with normal cycles. Basal E 2 , PRL, and preovulatory E 2 concentrations were not different between the two groups whereas the peak of P secretions in luteal phase was significantly decreased in LPD. Conclusions These data suggest that LPD may result from the altered LH pulse frequency in early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Whether this increased LH pulse frequency results from an intrinsic disease of the pulse oscillator or to some event in the preceding cycle remains unknown. It is tempting to speculate that an increased LH pulsatile secretion in the early follicular phase of menstrual cycles in patients with LPD may down-regulate the LH secretion at midcycle, thereby lowering the LH surge, which in turn reduces the P secretion in luteal phase.
Reversal of Dabigatran with Idarucizumab

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The use of novel oral anticoagulants such as dabigatran has been increasing over the last five years. Indicated for use in the prevention of thromboembolic complications from non-valvular atrial fibrillation and for the treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolic disease, dabigatran is increasingly encountered clinically. Lack of an efficacious reversal agent has been a challenge for increased clinical 10 adoption, and for management of patients with bleeding complications while taking dabigatran, or those requiring urgent procedures while taking dabigatran. Idarucizumab, a monoclonal antibody fragment, has recently been approved for use to reverse anticoagulation with dabigatran in patients with serious bleeding.Areas covered: Herein we discuss the development and early clinical data evaluating the use of idarucizumab for dabigatran reversal.Expert commentary: Idarucizumab has been shown to be an efficacious reversal agent for patients receiving dabigatran. The drug provides a...
Future Directions in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Continuing Perspective

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) will increasingly come under better control as the current approaches to therapy are more broadly employed and as new therapies are deployed against recently elucidated molecular
Recombinant interleukin-2 infusions and decreased IgG2 subclass concentrations.

The administration of low doses of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) in vivo to patients with malignant neoplasms has been demonstrated to selectively increase the number of circulating natural killer (NK) cells in these patients. Recent evidence from SCID mouse models suggests that IgG subclass levels can be influenced by the presence and activity of NK cells. Therefore, we sought to examine the effect of rIL- 2 infusions on human serum IgG subclass concentrations. We determined serum IgG subclass concentrations in 27 cancer patients receiving low- dose rIL-2 by daily continuous intravenous infusion. Eleven of these patients had active, metastatic, nonhematologic tumors; 16 patients had received IL-2 when they were in a minimal residual disease state after autologous or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Samples obtained before beginning IL-2 therapy and 8 to 10 weeks into therapy were tested. Treatment with IL-2 resulted in an increase in the percentage of CD56+ NK cells from 18% to 54% (P = .0001). A significant decrease in geometric mean IgG2 concentration from 2,017 micrograms/mL to 1,655 micrograms/mL was noted over this time interval (P = .03). Furthermore, the geometric mean IgG2 concentration after treatment was significantly lower than that of healthy controls (P = .026). In contrast, no significant changes in serum IgG1, IgG3, or IgG4 were noted during r- IL2 infusions. Our data suggest that rIL-2 treatment selectively decreases serum IgG2 concentrations. We speculate that increased NK cells mediate downregulation of human serum IgG2.
Characterizing the Dynamics of Systems Incorporating Surrogate Energetic Materials

It is hypothesized that by understanding the mechanical behavior of explosive materials it may be possible to use an object’s mechanical response to distinguish between objects that contain explosive materials and those that do not. While the materials will typically be embedded in a system and the system behavior will play a role in the response, the focus here is on the identification of mechanical material properties and behavior of surrogate explosive materials. Base excitation swept sine tests were conducted to characterize the uniaxial dynamic response of a mass-surrogate material system. The tests were conducted to gain an understanding of the dynamic behavior near resonance, repeatability of measured responses, and how these change over long periods of time. Linear and nonlinear viscoelastic models were fitted to the data and changes to material parameter estimates were examined as excitation levels changed and also as the composition of the surrogate materials changed. Recommendations for future development of the model structure are given.
Epidemiologic Research on the Relationship of Nicotine Dependence to Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders

Abstract Adults with psychiatric and substance use disorders demonstrate higher rates of smoking, disproportionate negative consequences from smoking, and greater difficulty sustaining abstinence from smoking than adults without psychiatric and substance use disorders. The purpose of this chapter is to review epidemiologic studies on nicotine dependence in adults with psychiatric and substance use disorders. Population-based investigations have demonstrated a significant relationship of nicotine dependence, especially current nicotine dependence, to a wide range of mood, anxiety, personality, eating, alcohol use, and substance use disorders. Nicotine dependence is associated with higher rates of a range of disorders while, inversely, diagnoses of a range of disorders are associated with higher rates of nicotine dependence. Remission of nicotine dependence appears to reduce the association; however, more research is needed. Research is also needed to examine nicotine dependence in samples outside of the United States and to examine potential mediators and moderators of the relationship between nicotine dependence and disorders (eg, demographics, symptom severity).
Neural Tube Defects and Chromosome Deletions

Patients with neural tube defects (NTDs) complicated by congenital heart defects, facial anomalies, thymic hypoplasia, cleft lip or palate, or hypocalcemia and a family history of NTDs and other anomalies were tested for 22qll deletions at the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Genetics, Oregon Health Sciences University, Eugene, Oregon.
Giant pulmonary artery aneurysm and surgical repair

We present a 70-year old patient who had congenital quadricuspid pulmonary valve and a giant 8.2-cm pulmonary artery (PA) aneurysm who underwent successful surgical repair under normothermic, beating heart cardiopulmonary bypass. We utilize computed axial tomography with three-dimensional reconstructions to diagnose and follow these patients. This case highlights our perioperative management and technique of repairing giant PA aneurysms.
Big Heads on Stems - What Have We Learned?

Background Large diameter chrome cobalt modular heads in hip replacement surgery have caused one of the biggest challenges to face orthopaedic surgeons, manufacturers and regulators in a generation. Increasing numbers of retrieved implants offer the opportunity to look in detail at the modes of failure of these devices. Methods We have examined the mechanical behaviour of the head taper/trunnion using a variety of techniques including: 1.mechanical testing in a custom-made jig 2.3D nano-precision form profilometry (RedLux) 3.optical 3D microscopy with focus variation technology 4.electro-chemical testing. Results Our findings show that there is micro-movement between the taper and trunnion. This results in damage to the taper surface, causiing corrosion. The susceptibility to corrosion increases in proportion to the torsional load at this interface. We have also observed that taper corrosion occurs in both metal on metal, and metal on polyethylene bearing hip replacements. In addition, we have found evidence of significant material loss and corrosion at the stem/cement interface in retrieved chrome/cobalt femoral implants. This interface is therefore likely to contribute to the generation of chrome/cobalt particles and corrosion products within the effective joint space. The clinical implications of this will be discussed.
Coping profiles and health outcomes among individuals with systemic sclerosis: A latent profile analysis approach:

Background:Systemic sclerosis has negative implications for quality of life, and coping is a mechanism by which individuals can adapt more successfully to illness. This study (1) identified coping ...
Clinical Training and Practice Patterns of Medical Family Therapists: A National Survey

Medical family therapy (MedFT) has gained momentum as a framework in healthcare for individuals and families. However, little is known about what background training and clinical experiences Medical Family Therapists (MedFTs) have in everyday practice. This study investigated the clinical training of MedFTs and their practices in a variety of care settings. A survey was completed by 80 participants who use a MedFT framework in practice, with descriptive data on curriculum, clinical training, and treatment characteristics. Results reflect that many MedFTs lack formal coursework in key content areas of their graduate training and work primarily with psychological and relational concerns. Future research is needed to explore how MedFTs practice around specific mental health and chronic health conditions.
Indolence and Illness: Scurvy, the Irish, and Early Australia

Irish men and women made up more than a quarter of the approximately one hundred and sixty thousand convicts transported from the British Isles to Australia in the period 1787-1868. They feature, in major accounts of early New South Wales, as irredeemably shiftless, and prone to escapism. And in the medical literature of convict transportation, this characterization sometimes intersects with another, specifically pathological, impression: the Irish, on account of their “habits” and “character,” appeared uniquely predisposed to scurvy. This essay explains how this intersection was established, by ships' surgeons and others, via reference to theories of constitution, which had their roots in Hippocratic thought but were revitalized and revised in eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century maritime and colonial contexts. In the literature of colonial Australia, indolence, illness, and Irishness often appear as conjoined energies, suggesting the importance of pathology and its sources—apparent or actual—for the constitution of New South Wales.
Skin manifestations of systemic disease

Abstract Skin changes can be the first sign of an underlying medical condition, and thus the skin can act as a window to a patient's general health and guide practitioners to identifying a diagnosis. Other patients may already have a pre-existing diagnosis and go on to develop skin changes as part of multisystem disease.
High Oxygen Concentrations Adversely Affect the Performance of Pulmonary Surfactant.

BACKGROUND: Although effective in the neonatal population, exogenous pulmonary surfactant has not demonstrated a benefit in pediatric and adult subjects with hypoxic lung injury despite a sound physiologic rationale. Importantly, neonatal surfactant replacement therapy is administered in conjunction with low fractional FIO2 while pediatric/adult therapy is administered with high FIO2. We suspected a connection between FIO2 and surfactant performance. Therefore, we sought to assess a possible mechanism by which the activity of pulmonary surfactant is adversely affected by direct oxygen exposure in in vitro experiments. METHODS: The mechanical performance of pulmonary surfactant was evaluated using 2 methods. First, Langmuir-Wilhelmy balance was utilized to study the reduction in surface area (δA) of surfactant to achieve a low bound value of surface tension after repeated compression and expansion cycles. Second, dynamic light scattering was utilized to measure the size of pulmonary surfactant particles in aqueous suspension. For both experiments, comparisons were made between surfactant exposed to 21% and 100% oxygen. RESULTS: The δA of surfactant was 21.1 ± 2.0% and 35.8 ± 2.0% during exposure to 21% and 100% oxygen, respectively (P = .02). Furthermore, dynamic light-scattering experiments revealed a micelle diameter of 336.0 ± 12.5 μm and 280.2 ± 11.0 μm in 21% and 100% oxygen, respectively (P CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of pulmonary surfactant were adversely affected by short-term exposure to oxygen. Specifically, surface tension studies revealed that short-term exposure of surfactant film to high concentrations of oxygen expedited the frangibility of pulmonary surfactant, as shown with the δA. This suggests that reductions in pulmonary compliance and associated adverse effects could begin to take effect in a very short period of time. If these findings can be demonstrated in vivo, a role for reduced FIO2 during exogenous surfactant delivery may have a clinical benefit.
Properties of Repairable Systems

The previous pages focus uniquely on the single functioning state A f which runs until the first failure and overlook the state assumed by S when A f stops.
The Influence of Pesticide Use on Amphibian Chytrid Fungal Infections Varies with Host Life Stage

Aim: Pesticides are widespread and may alter host-pathogen interactions, ultimately influencing pathogen distributions across landscapes. Previous laboratory research supports two hypotheses regarding the effects of pesticides on interactions between amphibians and the predominately aquatic fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd): 1) pesticides can be directly toxic to Bd reducing infection risk of aquatic larval amphibians, and 2) exposure to pesticides at formative stages of amphibian development can have long-term consequences on defenses, increasing disease risk after metamorphosis. It remains equivocal whether these laboratory patterns are consistent across amphibian species and occur in the field across broad spatial scales. The aim of this research is to address this research gap on the impact of pesticides on Bd distributions. Location: Contiguous United States. Time Period: 1998-2009. Major Taxa Studied: Amphibian hosts and Bd. Methods: Our data included 3,946 individuals evaluated for Bd infection across 49 amphibian species, at 126 locations, which resulted in 199 estimates of Bd prevalence in populations. We used species distribution models and multimodel inference to assess the influence of 1) total pesticide use, 2) pesticide use by type (herbicide, insecticide, fungicide), and 3) the most commonly used pesticide compounds on Bd infection prevalence in amphibian populations across life stages, controlling for several factors previously documented to affect the distribution of Bd. Results: Consistent with laboratory findings, our results indicate that exposure to multiple herbicide compounds is associated with lowered infection risk in the aquatic larval stage but higher risk in the terrestrial post-metamorphic stage. Main Conclusions: Our study highlights the complex nature of the effects that pesticides can have on disease distributions and suggests that pesticides should be strongly considered at broad scales and across host species, especially in environments in which exposure is widespread. Accurate predictions of disease distributions may lead to more effective management strategies to limit disease spread.
Environmental enrichment and drug value: a behavioral economic analysis in male rats.

Rats raised in an enriched condition (EC) show decreased stimulant self-administration relative to rats reared in an isolated condition (IC). However, few studies have examined the behavioral mechanisms underlying this environment-induced difference in self-administration. Because economic demand for drugs of abuse predicts addiction-like behavior in both humans and animals, we applied a behavioral economic analysis to cocaine self-administration data in EC and IC rats. During cocaine self-administration, the dose decreased across blocks of trials (0.75-0.003 mg/kg/inf), which allowed for a determination of demand intensity and demand elasticity. Demand intensity did not differ between EC and IC rats; however, cocaine was more elastic in EC rats relative to IC rats (i.e. EC rats were less willing to respond for cocaine as the unit price increased). When EC rats were placed in an isolated condition, demand elasticity decreased, whereas elasticity increased for IC rats placed in an enriched condition. Additionally, we applied behavioral economic analyses to previously published self-administration data and found that our results replicate past findings with cocaine and methylphenidate. To determine if differences in demand elasticity are specific to drug reinforcement, a separate group of rats was tested in sucrose or saccharin self-administration. Results showed that sucrose and saccharin were more elastic in EC rats relative to IC rats, and demand intensity was lower for saccharin in EC rats relative to IC rats. Overall, drug and nondrug reinforcers are more elastic in EC rats, which may account for the protective effects of environmental enrichment against stimulant self-administration.
On the zeros of subrange Jacobi polynomials

All positive zeros of subrange Jacobi polynomials, orthogonal on [−c, c], 0 < c < 1, with respect to the weight function w(x) = (1 − x) α (1 + x) β , α > − 1, β > − 1, are shown in the ultraspherical case α = β, and partly conjectured in the general case α < β, to be monotonically increasing as functions of c.
“You Don’t Know What You’ve Got Till It’s Gone:” Rejoinder to Aaron Wachhaus’s Article, “Platform Governance”

Thinking about Aaron Wachhaus’s article and what to say in response, it dawned on me that certain key assumptions people held as recently as the 1980s and 1990s (let alone in the sixth century BCE....
Modeling of Steel Beams Strengthened with CFRP Strips Including Bond-Slip Properties

This paper presents a modeling approach to predict the flexural behavior of steel beams strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips. The beams, W150×18, are simply supported and monotonically loaded until failure occurs. To examine the effect of CFRP-strengthening, selected beams are intentionally damaged by creating a notch at the tension flange. A three-dimensional finite element analysis is conducted, including bond-slip properties at the CFRP-steel interface. The CFRP-strengthening results in im-proved load-carrying capacity of the damaged beam and reduces strain localization near the damage.
An Ultrafast Diffusion-Driven Detector

Numerous fast semiconductor photodetectors have been developed in the last decade. These devices have used short carrier lifetimes [1,2] or large electric fields and small geometries [3,4] to produce fast impulse responses. In contrast to these methods of making fast photodetectors, we describe a photovoltaic device whose operating speed is due to the diffusion of carriers. This device involves interfering light waves to form a grating of photoexcited carriers with a cos K x dependence. Such a distribution will decay with a time-constant of (D a K 2)−1 where D a is the material’s ambipolar diffusion constant. Because K can be made very large, the response time can be made very short. For example, if the grating is formed in silicon, with optical beams of 1 μm wavelength having antiparal lel k-vectors, then the diffusion-driven detector response time will be 0.27 psec.
MULTI-POINT INTERFEROMETER FOR MONITORING TWO DIMENSIONAL WAVE MOTION

An interferometer system is described for monitoring, simultaneously, the motion at four points on the rear surface of a plate impact target. The interferometer is designed for applications in which the motion of the rear surface is not uniform over the surface, but depends on one in-plane coordinate. The performance of the system is demonstrated by applying it to the case of the diffraction of a plane tensile pulse by a semi-infinite crack under conditions of plane strain.
Persistence Decisions: It’s Not Just About the Money:

Drawing on threshold theory, we examine the effects of attributes of alternative opportunities on persistence decisions of family business entrepreneurs. The results of our conjoint experiment show...
E-112 A single center comparison of stroke treatment times: impact of a mobile stroke unit

Background Stroke is the 5th leading cause of death in the United States today according to the American Stroke Association (2014). Acute stroke treatment is time sensitive in nature and the faster symptoms are identified and treated the lower the likelihood of disability. The stroke treatment efficacy improves when initiated in the golden hour (Saver et al., 2010). The ongoing issue has been getting patients to present earlier for treatment. The Mobile Stroke Unit (MSU) brings evaluation and treatment to the patients leading to potential decrease in treatment times. Methods The mobile stroke unit responded to a six-town area within the hospital’s Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system, combined population of 7 71 606. Data from mobile stroke unit patients was compared to data from stroke patients brought to the Emergency Department by conventional EMS and patients who walked into the Emergency Department (ED) from January 2017-January 2018. The MSU was dispatched for patients deemed as potential strokes by the centralized 911 dispatch. The patient was then evaluated by a specially-trained crew consisting of a critical care paramedic and a critical care nurse. Neurology evaluation occurred via telemedicine. The mobile stroke unit is equipped with IV alteplase and computerized tomography (CT). Data was collected using EMS EMR and imported to stroke database. Inclusion criteria included: 18 years or older, receive treatment in mobile stroke unit or emergency department, treated with IV alteplase. Results Analysis of last known well to CT complete demonstrated patients treated on the MSU (73 min, n=18) received a non-contrast head CT 30 min faster compared to EMS patients (103 min, n=17) arriving at the ED. The CT scans were resulted 31 min faster in the MSU patient population (79 min, n=18) compared to EMS patients (110 min, n=17). Overall, a 39 min decrease in time to treatment was seen for patients treated by the MSU (97 min, n=18) compared to patients arrived to the ED via EMS (136 min, n=17). Of patients who received IV alteplase, 27% of from MSU were treated within 60 min of last known well compared to 6% coming to the ED via EMS. Conclusions Patients treated in the mobile stroke unit demonstrate a decrease in time to treatment. This is most significant in treating patients within 60 min of the last known well, the golden hour of stroke treatment. Data is not statistically significant at this time due to small sample size; however, the data is encouraging and should continue to be studied. In conclusion, the use of a mobile stroke unit provides a time to treatment benefit. Disclosures H. Shownkeen: None. M. Mohajer-Esfahani: None. H. Crumlett: None. A. Lindstrom: None.
UPDATE ON GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY MAINTENANCE OF CERTIFICATION PROGRAM: Session 409

Abstract Maintenance of Certification is a program required for continued board certification in geriatric psychiatry by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology. This symposium will provide AAGP meeting attendees with an update from a Psychiatry Director of the ABPN about its Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program (including recent changes in response to revised requirements issued by the American Board of Medical Specialties), information about how the AAGP can help support its members to maintain subspecialty certification, and an opportunity for participants to discuss issues related to maintaining ABPN subspecialty certification.
“Mining is in the belly”: The pursuit of individual wealth in Rwanda

Abstract This paper examines the socio-economic conditions under which Rwandan men moved into artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM), and highlights the personal progress made possible through their labour. In the face of an unforgiving rural environment and an economy limiting in labour opportunity, young men leave their family homesteads in search of off-farm employment. Though these men never associate their labour migration with poverty, their stories are laden with reference to the “better life” they have achieved by working in the mines. Their stories show how mining is an over-looked solution to the long-held puzzle confounding underemployment and bleak non-farm opportunities in rural Rwanda.
2769 Laparoscopic Round Ligament Suspension for Dyspareunia in a Retroverted Uterus

Video Objective This video shows the steps of laparoscopic round ligament suspension used to neutralize the position of a retroverted uterus in order to relieve deep dyspareunia. Setting A 35 year-old nulliparous patient presented for gynecologic care due to dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia refractory to medical treatment. She was found to have a retroverted uterus and pain was reproduced with palpation of the fundus with an otherwise normal exam. After discussion of options for management she desired diagnostic laparoscopy with possible round ligament suspension to address her retroverted uterus. Interventions During laparoscopic survey significant retroversion of the uterus was confirmed with no other etiology for her pain identified. Laparoscopic round ligament suspension was completely in order to neutralize the angle of her uterus. There were no complications, the uterus was noted to remain axial at time of post-operative exam, and her dyspareunia was significantly improved. Conclusion Laparoscopic suspension of the round ligament is a simple, straightforward procedure that should be considered for patients with dyspareunia due to a retroverted uterus.
Accurate and Fast Thickness Measurement Technique of MAPbI 3 Thin Film

In this work, we report the process of building an accurate ellipsometry model from scratch for benchmark hybrid perovskite MAPbI 3 . This model can be effectively utilized for a wide range of film thickness measurement. Optical constants from UV to infrared and bandgap of the film were extracted to implement the model. As developed models were evaluated by comparing the measured thicknesses using other direct measurement techniques such as profilometer, cross sectional SEM and AFM. Considering the level of complexity, time required for the measurement, area under measurement, sample preparation and accuracy, a comparison has been presented among different thickness measurement techniques. The process of ellipsometry model building can be used for other noble film with unknown pattern of optical constant with wavelength.
Implementing data-driven parametric building design with a flexible toolbox

Abstract Designers in architecture and engineering are increasingly employing parametric models linked to performance simulations to assist in early building design decisions. This context presents a clear opportunity to integrate advanced functionality for engaging with quantitative design objectives directly into computational design environments. This paper presents a toolbox for data-driven design, which draws from data science and optimization methods to enable customized workflows for early design space exploration. It then applies these approaches to a multi-objective conceptual design problem involving structural and energy performance for a long span roof with complex geometry and considerable design freedom. The case study moves from initial brainstorming through design refinement while demonstrating the advantages of flexible workflows for managing design data. Through investigation of a realistic early design prompt, this paper reveals strengths, limitations, potential pitfalls, and future opportunities for data-driven parametric design.
Defense Strategy Against Load Redistribution Attacks on Power Systems Considering Insider Threats

In recent years, cybersecurity is emerging as one of the most critical problems to the normal operation of power systems. Meanwhile, insider threats are considered as a strategic and serious challenge in the cybersecurity research and have attracted increasing attention. In this article, the detailed model of load redistribution (LR) attacks against the power systems considering the presence of insider threats is developed. The LR attack problem is formulated with a security resource allocation game model. Information leakage of the system operator’s defense strategy by the insider to the external attacker is considered in the proposed game model. The optimal strategies of both the system operator and attacker in the presence of the insider are calculated to maximize their own payoffs. In so doing, the impacts of the insider in the LR attacks can be investigated with the proposed security resource allocation game model. Case studies based on the IEEE 39-bus and IEEE 118-bus test systems were conducted to validate the proposed model. The results of the case studies show that the information leakage by the insider will increase the payoff of the attacker in the LR attacks. The damage on the grid can be considerable even if the information leakage probability is small. The proposed defense strategy is able to reduce the expected operation cost of the system under the LR attacks with the information leakage due to the insider threats.
Metabolome profiling of the developing murine lens.

Abstract Metabolomics is a study of the entire repertoire of metabolites in a cell at a particular time point. Here, we investigate the mouse lens at multiple embryonic and postnatal time points to establish the metabolome profile during early lens development. The lenses were isolated at six time points including embryonic day 15 (E15) and E18 and postnatal day 0 (P0), P3, P6, and P9. A total of four biological replicates of each time point, each consisting of 25 mg of lens tissue were preserved. Sample preparation was performed by protein precipitation followed by centrifugation to remove proteins and recover metabolites. The resulting extract was subjected to reverse phase/ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Metabolome profiling identified a total of 353 metabolites in mouse lens, marked with an abundance of collagen, antioxidant, glycosaminoglycans, lipid, amino acid, and energy-related metabolites. A comparative metabolome analysis identified >200 metabolites exhibiting increased levels (p
Strategies for problem list implementation in a complex clinical enterprise.

Abstract Although the Institute of Medicine states that a patient problem list should have a prominent place in the computer-based patient record, the design and function of the problem list is not a matter of universal agreement. Developer experience with implementation has been inconsistent, in part because of confusion on data standards, uncertain user acceptance of data entry, and minimal rewards for the clinician. I propose that necessary features of the problem list include: 1) clinical focus, 2) codification of problems, 3) support for problem resolution, 4) historicity of problems, 5) support for multiple clinical views, 6) integration of maintenance functions with workflow, 7) support for administrative reporting, and 8) integration with useful clinical tools. I describe the strategies that we employed to meet these goals while implementing the problem list in a computerized patient record serving a large, complex clinical enterprise. I further report the successful achievement of those goals based upon audits six months after implementation.
Effect of age on brain metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 measured with [18F]FPEB PET.

Abstract Objective Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) is integral to the brain glutamatergic system and cognitive function. This study investigated whether aging is associated with decreased brain mGluR5 availability. Methods Cognitively normal participants (n = 45), aged 18 to 84 years, underwent [18F]FPEB positron emission tomography scans to quantify brain mGluR5. Distribution volume (VT) was computed using a venous or arterial input function and equilibrium modeling from 90 to 120 minutes. In the primary analysis, the association between age and VT in the hippocampus and association cortex was evaluated using a linear mixed model. Exploratory analyses assessed the association between age and VT in multiple brain regions. The contribution of gray matter tissue alterations and partial volume effects to associations with age was also examined. Results In the primary analysis, older age was associated with lower [18F]FPEB binding to mGluR5 (P = 0.026), whereas this association was not significant after gray matter masking or partial volume correction to account for age-related tissue loss. Post hoc analyses revealed an age-related decline in mGluR5 availability in the hippocampus of 4.5% per decade (P = 0.007) and a non-significant trend in the association cortex (P = 0.085). An exploratory analysis of multiple brain regions revealed broader inverse associations of age with mGluR5 availability, but not after partial volume correction. Conclusion Reductions in mGluR5 availability with age appear to be largely mediated by tissue loss. Quantification of [18F]FPEB binding to mGluR5 may expand our understanding of age-related molecular changes and the relationship with brain tissue loss.
Effects of Dietary Fat Intake on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome During Antiretroviral Therapy

Many effects of certain amounts of dietary fat intake are well known, and it is possible that it can play a major role in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIDS is the final stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which causes extreme damage to the immune system. There is no cure for HIV/AIDS, and the most common and most effective form of treatment is known as active antiretroviral therapy (ART). This therapy combines two or three different drugs and aims to reduce the viral load by lowering the number of active viruses. Specifically, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is the most common treatment because it combines more types of drugs for a better approach. Although this treatment can be very effective, it can have some side effects such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and altered fat distribution. Dyslipidemia, which tends to be the worst problem, is characterized by an abnormal amount of lipids in blood. Hyperlipidemia, or an elevation of lipids in blood, is the usual side effect of HAART. Diet can help reduce the lipid levels in people with HAART-related hyperlipidemia and can help make HAART more effective and thus increase the chance that the patient will be cured of HIV/AIDS.
Bureau competition and inefficiency

Abstract This paper evaluates the claim that an increase in bureau competition will improve efficiency in the public supply of services. It gives explicit consideration to the property rights characteristics of a public sector market and to the role of legislators as active demanders of bureau output, rather than as passive monitors of bureau production. The analysis demonstrates that bureau managers prefer nonprice competition to price competition. A major prediction of the paper is that greater bureau competition may increase bureau output, costs and budgets.
Automatic generation of tuners for intel Concurrent Collections programs

Tuners of Concurrent Collections programs (CnC) are essential for the scalable performance. But writing correct codes for tuners of CnC programs is difficult, as it requires programmers to do accurate data flow analysis of the applications. In this paper, we present a template tuner for generating tuners for linear algebra CnC programs automatically. Programmers only need to write a trace function to pass to the template tuner and do not need to write any codes for the tuner callback functions. The instantiated tuner does the data flow analysis during its construction and provides all the callback functions. Performance evaluation shows that the automatically generated tuners are as efficient as hand-coded tuners.
Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Chlorine RF Glow Discharges I . Theoretical

A comprehensive model of chlorine plasma etching of polysilicon in a parallel plate reactor was developed. The Boltzmann transport equation and a bulk plasma model were used to calculate the rate coefficients of electron impact reactions. These coefficients were then used in a transport and reaction model to calculate the atomic chlorine concentration distribution. The same methodology may be applied to other plasma systems as well. Theoretical results for an empty reactor (no polysilicon film) are presented in this paper. Unified plots were developed which relate the electron density, self‐sustained electric field, and electron impact coefficients in the bulk plasma to pressure, power, and reactor geometry. The calculated atomic chlorine concentration showed similar dependence on pressure and electrode spacing for either first or second order surface recombination kinetics. Experimental verification of the model predictions is presented in the accompanying paper.
A team support network for process improvement

Organizations are moving towards team-based structures in order to improve their software development processes. It is important to develop a team support network (TSN) for sharing best and worst practices, monitoring process adherence and providing for process improvement. Based on project experience, a TSN is proposed as an interface for linking team layers in an organization.
On the renewal theorem in higher dimensions

Abstract Renewal theory has been treated by many pure and applied mathematicians. Among the former we may mention Feller, Tack-lind and Doob. The principal limit theorem (for one-dimensional, positive, lattice random variables) was however proved earlier by Kolmogorov in 1936 as the ergodic theorem for denumerable Markov chains. A partial result for the non-lattice case was first proved by Doob using the theory of Markov processes, and the complete result by Blackwell. The extension of the renewal theorem to random variables taking both positive and negative values was first given by Wolfowitz and the author [1], for the lattice case. A partial result for the non-lattice case, using a purely analytical approach, was obtained by Pollard and the author [3].* For the literature see [1].
Plant Sterol Methyltransferases: Phytosterolomic Analysis, Enzymology, and Bioengineering Strategies

So far as is known, the biosynthesis of phytosterols is a ubiquitous property of plants and microbes, whereas insects fail to synthesize the sterol nucleus. All of them require phytosterols to grow and mature. In recent years, the availability of stable isotopes, modern instrumentation such as high‐field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and molecular biology have offered new insights into the evolutionary development of sterol structure–enzyme function relationships, pathway sequencing, chemical ecology, and in the case of bioengineering provides a mechanism to generate value‐added traits. Here we describe results obtained with these techniques in relation to the critical enzyme that controls the pattern of C‐24 side‐chain diversity, the (S)‐adenosyl‐L‐methionine: Δ24‐sterol methyltransferase (SMT).
Adaptive Resource Scheduling for Network Services

Recently, there has been considerable interest in providing high performance codes as network services. In particular, high performance network services provide improved performance by executing complex and time-consuming applications (or part of an application) on remote high performance resources. However, since service providers resources are limited, without effective resource scheduling, end-users will not experience performance improvement. In this paper, we propose adaptive resource harvesting algorithms to schedule multiple concurrent service requests within network services. The preliminary results show that our approach can achieve service time improvement up to 40% for a prototypical parallel service.
FAIoT: Towards Building a Forensics Aware Eco System for the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) involves numerous connected smart things with different technologies and communication standards. While IoT opens new opportunities in various fields, it introduces new challenges in the field of digital forensics investigations. The existing tools and procedures of digital forensics cannot meet the highly distributed and heterogeneous infrastructure of the IoT. Forensics investigators will face challenges while identifying necessary pieces of evidence from the IoT environment, and collecting and analyzing those evidence. In this article, we propose the first working definition of IoT forensics and systematically analyze the IoT forensics domain to explore the challenges and issues in this special branch of digital forensics. We propose a Forensics-aware IoT (FAIoT) model for supporting reliable forensics investigations in the IoT environment.
Calculation of reference frames along a space curve

Three-dimensional space curves can represent the path of an object or the boundary of a surface patch. They can also participate in various free-form geometric constructions. For example, the generalized cylinder (a cylinder with arbitrary cross-sections along a central, space curve axis) is used in Computer Graphics to good effect. Establishing reference frames for the cross-sections of a generalized cylinder, or for any other geometric use, is the subject of this article.
The Influence of Chinese Master Taixu on Buddhism in Vietnam

From the 1920s, Vietnamese Buddhist reformers revitalized their religion, inspired in great part by the Chinese monk Taixu’s blueprint to modernize and systematize sangha education and temple administration, and by his idea of renjian fojiao , “Buddhism for this world,” emphasizing the centrality of education, modern publishing, social work, and Buddhist lay groups to Buddhism’s future in the modern world. This article first discusses the Chinese Buddhist revival, then the activities of Buddhist reformers in Vietnam 1920s–60s, and the flows of Buddhist personnel and materials between Vietnam and China. This article explores how renjian fojiao was interpreted and realized in Vietnam, especially its influence upon Thich Nhat Hanh as he developed his ideas on “Engaged Buddhism.”
Application of Laser Raman Scattering to the Study of Turbulence

C t = proportionality constant C2 — proportionality constant CN2 = concentration of nitrogen D = turbulent diffusion coefficient D0 = normalizing diffusion coefficient ^N2,He = turbulent diffusion coefficient for N2 jet into He k = turbulent wavenumber p = pressure Pr = receiver pressure Ps = source pressure Pr. = initial receiver pressure r = radial coordinate t = time T = time from valve opening until achievement of uniform mixture V. — jet velocity v = kinematic viscosity p = density