cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
INCEPTION: incentivizing privacy-preserving data aggregation for mobile crowd sensing systems

The recent proliferation of human-carried mobile devices has given rise to mobile crowd sensing (MCS) systems that outsource the collection of sensory data to the public crowd equipped with various mobile devices. A fundamental issue in such systems is to effectively incentivize worker participation. However, instead of being an isolated module, the incentive mechanism usually interacts with other components which may affect its performance, such as data aggregation component that aggregates workers' data and data perturbation component that protects workers' privacy. Therefore, different from past literature, we capture such interactive effect, and propose INCEPTION, a novel MCS system framework that integrates an incentive, a data aggregation, and a data perturbation mechanism. Specifically, its incentive mechanism selects workers who are more likely to provide reliable data, and compensates their costs for both sensing and privacy leakage. Its data aggregation mechanism also incorporates workers' reliability to generate highly accurate aggregated results, and its data perturbation mechanism ensures satisfactory protection for workers' privacy and desirable accuracy for the final perturbed results. We validate the desirable properties of INCEPTION through theoretical analysis, as well as extensive simulations.
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems

Locational and land use studies rely heavily on the availability of data. While one can argue that data are never complete enough to perform analyses, there is also a tendency to collect too much information (or at least collect irrelevant information). Data collection has been facilitated greatly by remote sensing devices such as satellites and computer-based data organization tools such as geographic information systems. With the technological advances in remote sensing and geographic information systems, the data collection effort can theoretically be streamlined. But they also underline a more urgent need to match data against information requirements, such that the relevant data are collected and that they are in the correct format and in sufficient quantity. In this chapter, we wish to review the data base that is required in facility location and land use, mainly from the angle of matching data with analysis requirements. Also included is the processing of such data to bring out the information in as useful a form as pos-sible for application-oriented purposes.
TCT-214 Pharmacodynamic Effects of Ticagrelor and Eptifibatide Bolus-Only vs. Ticagrelor and Eptifibatide Bolus plus 2 h Infusion in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes Trial (PLATO trial) demonstrated that aspirin and ticagrelor were superior to aspirin and clopidogrel in reducing thrombotic complications. Continuous infusion of IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI) was used in 40% of patients with ticagrelor in the PLATO trial.
Duration of Pupal Diapause in the Tobacco Hornworm is Determined by Number of Short Days Received by the Larva

1. 1. Daylength monitored by the embryos and larvae of the tobacco horn-worm, Manduca sexta , is used to program both the incidence and duration of pupal diapause. 2. 2. Short daylength throughout embryonic and larval development yields a high diapause incidence, but a diapause of short duration. Hornworms transferred from long- to short-day conditions at later stages of larval development enter diapause at a lower rate, but the resulting diapause is of greater duration. 3. 3. The number of short-day cycles the hornworms receive can be varied by partial starvation and the use of different rearing temperatures. Such manipulations consistently support a model in which diapause duration is inversely related to the number of short-day cycles received. 4. 4. Observations with field-reared hornworms are consistent with the model: September hornworms receive more short-day cycles than August hornworms and thus have a shorter diapause. This mechanism apparently functions in synchronizing the initiation of adult development among individuals that pupate at different times. 5. 5. The diapause duration is programmed by the brain and can readily be transferred to other pupae by brain transplantation.
Quest for the Happy Ending to Mass Effect 3: The Challenges of Cocreation with Consumers in a Post-Certeauian Age

AbstractThe controversy surrounding the ending of Mass Effect 3 serves as a case study of a company’s rejection of co-creation with customers. The game designers and players battled for control of the aesthetic space of the game. The company failed to resolve their conflict effectively, allowing players to use social media to transform tactical action into strategic action. This case study has implications for technical communicators who increasingly are collaborating with users in co-creative relationships.
High grade invasive ureteral transitional cell carcinoma with a congenital solitary kidney: long-term survival after ureterectomy and radiation therapy.

AbstractThe circumstances surrounding the treatment of a primary high grade invasive transitional cell carcinoma occurring in the ureter of a solitary kidney indicate that the combination of surgery and radiation therapy occasionally may be markedly effective for controlling this generally lethal disease.
An Introduction to the Cognitive Calculus: A Calculus of the Human Mind.

The Cognitive Calculus is the result of decades of work in artificial intelligence, psychology, linguistics, and systems engineering. It is a notation we use to model human cogni-tion and to guide our development of a Cognitive Database (CDB), our evolving computer model of human cognition. The Cognitive Calculus acknowledges human memory (labeled as Total Memory, TM) as the central component of human intelligence. TM is composed of all memory subsystems including: short term memory (STM – our working memory), episodic memory (EM – our life history), and abstracted memory (AM – our mental models). The Cognitive Calculus defines the basic element of TM as a memory node (MemNo) along with a set of operations intrinsic to the creation, retrieval, update, and deletion of MemNos. All content in all of TM is a sensory input, an effector activity, a cognitive activity, an abstracted set (T) or an abstracted sequence (Q). This paper describes how a human cognitive system takes the experiences of life in as inputs to STM, passes those inputs through STM into EM, finds patterns in EM for creating abstractions in AM, and then uses those abstractions of the past to comprehend its current experience. The paper ends with guidance concerning the things that must be in a Cognitive Database so that a computer can better model human cognition.
A Program to Evaluate the Run Length Distribution of a Shewhart Control Chart with Supplementary Runs Rules

A FORTRAN program is given for evaluating the properties of the run length distribution of a Shewhart quality control chart with supplementary runs rules. The program has two parts. The first part (Part 1) of the program determines the minimal set of st..
A note on a conservative finite volume approach to address numerical stiffness in polar meshes

A polar coordinate system introduces a singularity at the pole, r=0, where terms with a factor 1/r can be ill-defined. While there are several approaches to eliminate this pole singularity in finite difference methods, finite volume methods largely bypass this issue by not storing or computing data at the pole. However, all methods face a very restrictive time step when using an explicit time advancement scheme in the azimuthal direction, where cell sizes are of the order O(r(r)). We use a conservative finite volume approach of merging cells on a structured O-mesh to remove this time step limit imposed by the CFL condition. The cell-merging procedure is implemented as a corrector step and incurs no changes to the underlying data structure for a structured grid. This short note describes the procedure and presents the validation and application of the algorithm to various problems. The algorithm is shown to be inexpensive and scalable. In addition, the cell-merging procedure is easily coupled with a line implicit scheme in the radial direction.
The Road to Engagement

The fundamental premise of our research is that dealing with the resilient nature of low employee engagement requires a comprehensive approach that addresses the problem systematically. We developed and tested such a model in a series of field studies. In Chapters 3–8, we discussed the various subsets of our model. In this chapter, we return to our model and discuss the results holistically. We summarize the implications for practice that emerge from this research. We also recognize the limitations of our research and provide a set of propositions that are intended to provide guidance for future research.
Client Interview Training: A Reflection on the 'Quantum Shift' in Legal Education

In 2014, the American Bar Association revolutionized law school accreditation standards in what has been described as a “quantum shift” in legal education. This article illustrates the impact of these changes on one discrete aspect of legal skills training: client interviewing. In this context, the author hopes to share practical information that may be helpful to new attorneys and the practitioners who mentor them and to spark discourse regarding best practices. Open dialogue, in fact, can be mutually beneficial as law schools heed the ABA’s mandate and delve deeper into practical skills training.
KRYPTON: integrating terminology and assertion

The demands placed on a knowledge representation scheme by a knowledge-based system are generally not all met by any of today's candidates. Representation languages based on frames or semantic networks have intuitive appeal for forming descriptions but tend to have severely limited assertional power, and are often fraught with ambiguous readings. Those based on first-order logic are less limited assertionally, but are restricted to primitive, unrelated terms. We have attempted to overcome these limitations in a new, hybrid knowledge representation system, called "KRYPTON". KRYPTON has two representation languages, a frame-based one for forming domain-specific descriptive terms and a logic-based one for making statements about the world. We here summarize the two languages, a functional interface to the system, and an implementation in terms of a taxonomy of frames and its interaction with a first-order theorem prover.
Systems and Tools for CIS

In this chapter, we will review several tools, some new and some old, that help achieve CIS goals. We will start out the chapter reviewing some of the fundamental challenges of designing CIS systems. Then we will divide up our discussion on CIS systems into two categories: system-mediated collaboration, and user-mediated collaboration. Under the former category, we will review Cerchiamo and Querium, and under the latter category, we will review Ariadne, SearchTogether, and Coagmento. We will also walk through designing, developing, and deploying Coagmento system through formative evaluation process as a case study.
Changes in Payment Policies: Impact on Physicians' Office Testing

Recent changes in payment policies include powerful pecuniary incentives to move care from expensive hospital settings to cheaper outpatient sites. Physicians face competition from a growing number of alternative providers in the diagnostic testing marketplace. Given that a concurrent trend involves aggressive utilization review with stiff penalties for noncompliance, physicians are challenged to practice appropriate restraint in ordering and performing tests.
Nonlinear Differential Equations

Traditionally all the macroscopic phenomena observed in nature have been studied via solutions of differential equations which are described by smooth and continuous curves. This approach works very well for a class of problem like the planetary motion where the orbits are regular geometric objects (namely, ellipsi). However, there is a class of problems like the fluid turbulence which involves growth of objects of irregular shape and cannot be studied via smooth solutions of differential equations.
Mixed metabolic response on PET/CT in patients with metastatic breast cancer as an early predictor of disease progression.

e11522 Background: It has been observed that patients undergoing systemic therapy for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) may demonstrate a mixed metabolic treatment response on FDG PET (MMTR) while maintaining stable disease on CT (SDCT). The purpose of this study is to determine (1) the clinical outcome of MBC patients demonstrating MMTR+SDCT who were maintained on the same treatment regimen and (2) the behavior of oncologists when faced with a report of MMTR+SDCT. Methods: All FDG PET/CT scan reports performed at one institution between 2006-2011 were searched and studies describing a MMTR also containing the term “breast cancer” were identified. MBC patients without other active malignancies were extracted from the search and scans were re-analyzed. MMTR was defined as a PET/CT scan demonstrating a minimum of 2 lesions with a SUVmax change of +25% or more combined with at least 2 lesions demonstrating a SUVmax change of -25% or more. The subset of patients with MMTR+SDCT (by anatomical RECIST criteria) who...
TCT-456 Association of Immediate Improvement in Renal function after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement and Post-operative Outcomes in Patients with Renal Dysfunction

When untreated, Aortic stenosis (AS) patients with renal dysfunction report dismal prognosis. The study aims to investigate operative outcomes in renal dysfunction patients who had transcatheter aortic valve replacement. (TAVR) TAVR patients with ≥ moderately reduced renal function [estimated
Outcomes, Registries and Medical Marijuana: Towards Establishing Dispensary Monitoring and Reporting Standards.

The acceptance by a large number of state governments of medical marijuana dispensaries and the regulatory framework to support their licensing has put to one side the issue of monitoring and reporting outcomes. This is a major oversight. It is an untenable situation given the limited evidence base for the clinical benefits and risks associated with dispensed botanical marijuana. The purpose of this commentary is to propose that, as a condition of licensing, marijuana dispensaries should be required to establish a registry to support ongoing monitoring of patient response associated with botanical cannabis formulations. Patients should be monitored over the course of their treatment to assess, in the case of severe non-cancer pain as an example, pain intensity and functional status by pain location. The dispensary, in meeting required audit standards, should be in a position to report on patient response over baseline to the provider who has recommended botanical cannabis. As well, registries should be in a position to report to state licensing agencies response to therapy by target patient groups. Establishing site-specific registries should go some way to meeting the present evidence deficit for botanical marijuana, reducing barriers to its acceptance by providers, patients and health agencies. Article Type: Commentary
Programmable Non-Volatile Memory Design Featuring Reconfigurable In-Memory Operations

With data volume growing exponentially in today's era, modern computing systems are increasingly bottlenecked and consistently burdened by the costs of data movement. Driven by the development of emerging non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies and by the increasing demand for high throughput in big data applications, considerable research effort has gone into embedding computing in memory and exploiting parallelism in data-intensive workloads to address the “memory wall” bottleneck. In this work, we propose a non-volatile memory design which leverages run-time reconfigurability of peripheral circuits to perform various in-memory computations like that of a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). Our architecture allows this intelligent storage system to operate as both a main memory and an accelerator for memory-intensive applications such as matrix multiplication, database query and artificial neural networks.
Targeting Noninducible Clinical Ventricular Tachycardias in Patients With Prior Myocardial Infarctions Based on Stored Electrograms.

Background: Ablation of postinfarction ventricular tachycardia (VT) has been shown to reduce VT recurrence and decrease mortality. However, VT recurrence can occur despite extensive ablation proced...
Optimal Solution for Torque Capability of Control Moment Gyroscopes

This paper improves the generality and performance of constraint-based steering laws for control moment gyroscopes (CMGs). Specifically, the paper provides analytical, closed-form gimbal-angle constraint functions that maximize the torque capability for arrays with parallel gimbal axes. The analytical solutions define an optimal gimbal-angle set for a given angular-momentum state for any planar array with four or more CMGs. Proofs verify the global optimality of the provided gimbal-angle set constraints for nearly all angular-momentum states. For angular-momentum states where an analytical proof is not provided, a numerical assessment provides evidence of global optimality. The solutions can be applied to planar and non-planar arrays consisting of planar segments of CMGs, such as roof arrays and box arrays. The gimbal-angle constraint functions also enable fault-tolerant steering laws because the constraint functions apply to any number of planar CMGs greater than four. Thus, if one or more CMGs fail, the resulting steering law can still perform optimally. The gimbal-angle constraint functions are broadly applicable to aerospace and robotics problems. In their more general form, these constraints optimize velocity-tracking capability of planar serial manipulators, which benefits tasks requiring large velocities of the end effector, such as rapid mobile manipulation and intercepting fast-moving objects. Due to their generality, the constraint functions are applicable to hyper-redundant multi-degree-of-freedom systems, including elephant trunks and snakelike robots. Simulations comparing the performance of this approach to that of existing constraint-based methods illustrate the improvements.
Safety-Critical Adaptive Control with Nonlinear Reference Model Systems

In this paper, a model reference adaptive control architecture is proposed for uncertain nonlinear systems to achieve prescribed performance guarantees. Specifically, a general nonlinear reference model system is considered that captures an ideal and safe system behavior. An adaptive control architecture is then proposed to suppress the effects of system uncertainties without any prior knowledge of their magnitude and rate upper bounds. More importantly, the proposed control architecture enforces the system state trajectories to evolve within a user-specified prescribed distance from the reference system trajectories, satisfying the safety constraints. This eliminates the ad-hoc tuning process for the adaptation rate that is conventionally required in model reference adaptive control to ensure safety. The efficacy of the proposed control architecture is also demonstrated through an illustrative numerical example.
Miniature 3D Fluorescence Microscope Using Random Microlenses

We propose a single-shot 3D Miniscope, implemented by replacing the tube lens with random microlenses in the pupil. Compared to miniature light-field microscopes, we improve resolution and depth range in a more compact, lightweight package.
What Can We Learn About Drug Safety and Other Effects in the Era of Electronic Health Records and Big Data That We Would Not Be Able to Learn From Classic Epidemiology

Abstract As more and more health systems have converted to the use of electronic health records, the amount of searchable and analyzable data is exploding. This includes not just provider or laboratory created data but also data collected by instruments, personal devices, and patients themselves, among others. This has led to more attention being paid to the analysis of these data to answer previously unaddressed questions. This is especially important given the number of therapies previously found to be beneficial in clinical trials that are currently being re-scrutinized. Because there are orders of magnitude more information contained in these data sets, a fundamentally different approach needs to be taken to their processing and analysis and the generation of knowledge. Health care and medicine are drivers of this phenomenon and will ultimately be the main beneficiaries. Concurrently, many different types of questions can now be asked using these data sets. Research groups have become increasingly active in mining large data sets, including nationwide health care databases, to learn about associations of medication use and various unrelated diseases such as cancer. Given the recent increase in research activity in this area, its promise to radically change clinical research, and the relative lack of widespread knowledge about its potential and advances, we surveyed the available literature to understand the strengths and limitations of these new tools. We also outline new databases and techniques that are available to researchers worldwide, with special focus on work pertaining to the broad and rapid monitoring of drug safety and secondary effects.
Digital storytelling: a computer science approach: tutorial presentation

The current generation of college students is intrigued by digital tools that allow them to create interesting digital video and audio media. A digital storytelling course is a new approach to introducing non-majors to the computer science discipline, and can be tailored to meet general education requirements at many institutions. Such a course can be taught emphasizing algorithmic processes and other essential computer science concepts. By grounding the course in the computer science discipline, students are introduced to problem solving and computer science in an interesting and relevant way.
The DASH Dietary Pattern

The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is an evidence-based dietary pattern that is effective in lowering blood pressure, improving lipids, and achieving weight control among individuals with hypertension. The blood pressure-lowering benefit of the DASH dietary pattern has been confirmed in many follow-up studies and a large meta-analysis. In addition, observational studies strongly suggest benefits of following the DASH diet in individuals with different health conditions including chronic kidney disease, prediabetes, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and even cancer. Thus, this dietary pattern has been recommended for blood pressure management by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and as a dietary guideline for all Americans 2 years and older by the National Academy of Sciences. Despite the strong evidence and governmental endorsement, implementation of the DASH dietary pattern in the United States has been challenging. This chapter summarizes evidence of health effects and challenges and potential strategies for implementation.
Mechanism of proton transfer in class A β-lactamase catalysis and inhibition by avibactam.

Gram-negative bacteria expressing class A β-lactamases pose a serious health threat due to their ability to inactivate all β-lactam antibiotics. The acyl-enzyme intermediate is a central milestone in the hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by these enzymes. However, the protonation states of the catalytic residues in this complex have never been fully analyzed experimentally due to inherent difficulties. To help unravel the ambiguity surrounding class A β-lactamase catalysis, we have used ultrahigh-resolution X-ray crystallography and the recently approved β-lactamase inhibitor avibactam to trap the acyl-enzyme complex of class A β-lactamase CTX-M-14 at varying pHs. A 0.83-A-resolution CTX-M-14 complex structure at pH 7.9 revealed a neutral state for both Lys73 and Glu166. Furthermore, the avibactam hydroxylamine-O-sulfonate group conformation varied according to pH, and this conformational switch appeared to correspond to a change in the Lys73 protonation state at low pH. In conjunction with computational analyses, our structures suggest that Lys73 has a perturbed acid dissociation constant (pKa) compared with acyl-enzyme complexes with β-lactams, hindering its function to deprotonate Glu166 and the initiation of the deacylation reaction. Further NMR analysis demonstrated Lys73 pKa to be ∼5.2 to 5.6. Together with previous ultrahigh-resolution crystal structures, these findings enable us to follow the proton transfer process of the entire acylation reaction and reveal the critical role of Lys73. They also shed light on the stability and reversibility of the avibactam carbamoyl acyl-enzyme complex, highlighting the effect of substrate functional groups in influencing the protonation states of catalytic residues and subsequently the progression of the reaction.
Robotic Inguinal vs Transabdominal Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair: The RIVAL Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance Despite rapid adoption of the robotic platform for inguinal hernia repair in the US, to date, no level I trials have ever compared robotic inguinal hernia repair to laparoscopic repair. This multicenter randomized clinical trial is the first to compare the robotic platform to laparoscopic approach for minimally invasive inguinal hernia repair. Objective To determine whether the robotic approach to inguinal hernia repair results in improved postoperative outcomes compared with traditional laparoscopic inguinal hernia repairs. Design, Setting, and Participants This multicenter, single-blinded, prospective randomized clinical pilot study was conducted from April 2016 to April 2019, with a follow-up duration of 30 days in 6 academic and academic-affiliated sites. Enrolled in this study were 113 patients with a unilateral primary or recurrent inguinal hernia. After exclusions 102 remained for analysis. Interventions Standard laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair or robotic transabdominal preperitoneal repair. Main Outcomes and Measures Main outcomes included postoperative pain, health-related quality of life, mobility, wound morbidity, and cosmesis. Secondary outcomes included cost, surgeon ergonomics, and surgeon mental workload. A primary outcome was not selected because this study was designed as a pilot study. The hypothesis was formulated prior to data collection. Results A total of 102 patients were included in the study (54 in the laparoscopic group, mean [SD] age, 57.2 [13.3] years and 48 [88.9%] male; 48 in the robotic group, mean [SD] age, 56.1 [14.1] years and 44 [91.6%] male). There were no differences at the preoperative, 1-week, or 30-day points between the groups in terms of wound events, readmissions, pain as measured by the Visual Analog Scale, or quality of life as measured by the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. Compared with traditional laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, robotic transabdominal preperitoneal repair was associated with longer median (interquartile range) operative times (75.5 [59.0-93.8] minutes vs 40.5 [29.2-63.8] minutes, respectively;P Conclusions and Relevance Results of this study showed no clinical benefit to the robotic approach to straightforward inguinal hernia repair compared with the laparoscopic approach. The robotic approach incurred higher costs and more operative time compared with the laparoscopic approach, with added surgeon frustration and no ergonomic benefit to surgeons. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT02816658
Productivity spillovers and human capital: A semiparametric varying coefficient approach

Abstract This paper examines whether there are productivity spillover effects among clustered firms and, if so, whether a firm’s human capital affects its absorption of spillovers. To analyze these questions, we use a semiparametric spatial autoregressive production function in which the coefficients are smooth unknown functions of firms’ human capital. The varying coefficients not only allow flexible interactions between human capital and other inputs, but also permit heterogeneous spatial dependence and spillover effects among firms. Although the commonly used spatial matrix captures the possible learning opportunities among firms, we hypothesize that a firm with more human capital is better at seizing these opportunities. We address the simultaneity issue arising from the endogeneity of inputs by using the proxy variable method. Finally, we apply the model to analyze the productivity spillovers and the human capital effect of China’s computer and peripheral equipment industry from 1998 to 2007.
Isocyanate- and solvent-free synthesis of melt processible polyurea elastomers derived from urea as a monomer

Polyurea elastomers are utilized for a myriad of applications ranging from coatings and foams to dielectric materials for capacitors and actuators. However, current synthetic methods for polyureas rely on highly reactive isocyanates, solvents, and catalysts, which collectively pose serious safety considerations. This report details the synthesis and characterization of melt processible, poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTMO)-based segmented polyurea elastomers utilizing an isocyanate-, solvent-, and catalyst-free approach. Dynamic mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry suggested microphase separation between the hard and soft segments. Tensile analysis revealed high strain at break for all segmented copolymers between 340 and 770%, and tunable modulus between 0.76 and 29.5 MPa. Dielectric spectroscopy revealed that the composition containing 20 wt% hard segment offered the highest permittivity at 10.6 (1 kHz, 300 K) of the segmented copolymers, indicating potential as a dielectric elastomer.
Human mitochondrial DNA repair

Abstract Human diseases caused by inherited mutations in the mitochondrial genome demonstrate the importance of maintaining mitochondrial DNA with high fidelity. Although the mitochondrial genome encodes few genes, relative to the nuclear genome, functional copies of these genes are essential to the viability of humans. Many repair proteins are shared between nuclei and mitochondria, but the mechanisms of their action and the regulation of their subcellular localization are not well understood. While some pathways of mitochondrial DNA repair have been studied for decades, a comprehensive picture of the suite of proteins that ensure maintenance of the mitochondrial genome is still developing. The results of recent studies suggest a robust and complex network of repair pathways that maintain the integrity of this organellar genome.
Long-Term Results of Treating With Ethanol Ablation 15 Adult Patients With cT1aN0 Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma.

Background Currently acceptable management options for patients with adult papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (APTM) range from immediate surgery, either unilateral lobectomy or bilateral lobar resection, to active surveillance (AS). An alternative minimally invasive approach, originally employed for eliminating neck nodal metastases, may be ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol ablation (EA). Here we present our experience of definitively treating with EA 15 patients with APTM. Patients and methods During 2010 through 2017, the 15 cT1aN0M0 patients selected for EA were aged 36 to 86 years (median, 45 years). Tumor volumes (n = 17), assessed by sonography, ranged from 25 to 375 mm3 (median, 109 mm3). Fourteen of 15 patients had 2 ethanol injections on successive days; total volume injected ranged from 0.45 to 1.80 cc (median, 1.1 cc). All ablated patients were followed with sonography and underwent recalculation of tumor volume and reassessment of tumor perfusion at each follow-up visit. Results The ablated patients have now been followed for 10 to 100 months (median, 64 months). There were no complications and no ablated patient developed postprocedure recurrent laryngeal nerve dysfunction. All 17 ablated tumors shrank (median 93%) and Doppler flow eliminated. Median tumor volume reduction in 9 identifiable avascular foci was 82% (range, 26%-93%). After EA, 8 tumors (47%) disappeared on sonography after a median of 10 months. During follow-up no new PTM foci and no nodal metastases have been identified. Conclusions Definitive treatment of APTM by EA is effective, safe, and inexpensive. Our results suggest that, for APTM patients who do not wish neck surgery and are uncomfortable with AS, EA represents a well-tolerated and minimally invasive outpatient management option.
Prospective teachers’ noticing: A literature review of methodological approaches to support and analyze noticing

Abstract This systematic literature review highlights consistencies and differences in methodological processes of research focused on prospective teacher noticing. Six-hundred-eleven articles were initially identified; 43 of those were analyzed in depth. Of the anaylzed articles, researchers primarily used one of two frameworks for noticing (i.e. Professional Noticing or Learning to Notice). Despite some methodological similarities, researchers used different time durations for learning experiences and measured noticing at different intervals. Analysis of study results indicate that many researchers found mixed or neutral participant outcomes for developing noticing. Researchers using the Learning to Notice Framework reported positive results more often than researchers using the Professional Noticing Framework.
Global Risks and Collective Action Failures : What Can the International Community Do?

Abstract What do climate change, global financial crises, pandemics, and fragility and conflict have in common? They are all examples of global risks that can cross geographical and generational boundaries and whose mismanagement can reverse gains in development and jeopardize the well-being of generations. Managing risks such as these becomes a global public good, whose benefits also cross boundaries, providing a rationale for collective action facilitated by the international community. Yet, as many public goods, provision of global public goods suffer from collective action failures that undermine international coordination. This paper discusses the obstacles to addresing these global risks effectively, highlighting their implications for the current juncture. It claims that remaining gaps in information, resources, and capacity hamper accumulation and use of knowledge to triger appropriate action, but diverging national interests remain the key impediment to cooperation and effectiveness of global efforts, even when knowledge on the risks and their consequences are well understood. The paper argues that managing global risks requires a cohesive international community that enables its stakeholders to work collectively around common goals by facilitating sharing of knowledge, devoting resources to capacity building, and protecting the vulnerable. When some countries fail to cooperate, the international community can still forge cooperation, including by realigning incentives and demonstrating benefit from incremental steps toward full cooperation.
Leveraging Co-Followership Patterns on Social Media to Identify Brand Alliance Opportunities

The use of co-branding and brand extension strategies, as a way to gain access to new markets and improve overall brand salience, has grown tremendously in the past few decades. Despite the continued success of alliances between brands belonging to diverse categories, there is surprisingly little research on identifying broader cross-category effects using current digital approaches. In our work, we introduce a new, scalable approach for inferring cross-category branding insights using implicit brand networks on social media. Unlike traditional social networks that involve explicit interaction between the entities, links within a brand network are implicit and arise due to common followership between brands on Twitter. Asymmetry among brand pairs is taken into account to calculate the transcendence of brands onto new categories. Transcendence of a brand along any given category is defined as the extent to which its followers overlap with other brands from that category. Asymmetry is also leveraged to show which brands will benefit more from a cobranding alliance. Overall, the analysis is conducted at different time periods to track shifts in brand transcendence and investigate its impact on co-branding opportunities. All findings are validated against external survey ratings and extensive robustness checks are conducted.
Machine Fault Diagnosis of Fused Filament Fabrication Process with Physics-Constrained Dictionary Learning

Abstract Sensors have been widely applied in modern manufacturing systems to monitor the processes and machine health conditions in order to control product quality. Processing a large amount of sensor data becomes a new challenge on the efficiency of diagnosis. In this paper, a novel physics-constrained dictionary learning approach is proposed to simultaneously improve the efficiency of data collection with compressed sensing (CS) and perform diagnosis with the classification of sensor data. Two-stage optimization is performed. At the first stage, measurement matrix is optimized to determine the time stamps of collected data points with a fixed basis matrix. This is solved based on a constrained FrameSense algorithm. At the second stage, the basis and classification matrices are optimized with the fixed measurement matrix based on the K-SVD algorithm. The above two optimization steps are repeated until the optimal measurement, classification, and basis matrices converge without further improvement. The recovered signals can be classified more accurately based on the learned classification matrix for specific data. The proposed approach for machine fault diagnosis is demonstrated with acoustic emission signals collected in the fused filament fabrication process.
The Process of Learning Mindfulness and Acceptance through the Use of a Mobile App Based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: A Grounded Theory Analysis.

This study aimed to explore the process of how college student military veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms learn mindfulness and acceptance through the use of a mobile app ...
INTERNET USE AND MENTAL HEALTH IN AFRICA AND INDIA

Prior research has shown that mental health in urban slums is associated with the a share number of older individuals in personal networks. This presentation will examine the extent to which that association is mediated through Internet and social media use. We conducted face to face interviews with residents (minimum 18 years) in two high density, low income areas of Accra (West Africa) and Trivandrum (Kerala, India), where local teams have conducted repeated studies of personal networks since 1994. Our preliminary results show that mobile phones are primary way in which respondents communicate with members of their core networks. Further preliminary results show that while research in high income areas has generally shown the importance of larger networks for positive mental health, our analysis of urban slums reveals a different pattern. First, there is no general association of larger networks with reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression. Second, one particular group of relationships is strongly associated with depression and anxiety: ties with older individuals. The questions we explore are: (1) To what extent are indicators of mental health related to indicators of Internet and social media usage? (2) To what extent are indicators of mental health related to indicators of social network size and composition? (3) To what extent are indicators of Internet and social media usage related to indicators of indicators of social network size and composition?
EEG source localization comparing low-density EEG including subtemporal coverage with high density EEG (P4.5-004)

Objective: To evaluate high density (HD) and low density (LD) EEG source localization imaging of interictal and ictal activity at 50% and 75% of spike amplitude. Background: EEG source localization using HD-EEG is a useful noninvasive tool to localize seizure onset and interictal discharges. Minimum number of electrodes needed and the point of measurement on the spike for optimal localization are still unclear. Design/Methods: A total of 37 interictal and 10 ictal analyses from 33 medically intractable epilepsy patients were performed. HD-EEG recording was performed using the 10–10 system with 76 electrodes. LD-EEG including subtemporal electrodes was simulated by subtracting the 10–10 leads. EEG analysis used Curry 8.0 software. Interictal spikes were averaged and dipole and sLORETA solutions generated at both 50% and 75% of peak amplitude in the rising phase of the spike. The distance between the HD and LD dipoles and sLORETA peak intensities were measured and were considered concordant if the distance of 0–10 mm, partially concordant if 10–50 mm, and discordant if > 50 mm or in a different lobe. Results: The median distance between HD-EEG and LD-EEG interictal dipoles at 50% of peak was 8.5 mm, and 5.3 mm at 75%. The median distance between sLORETA for HD-EEG and LD-EEG was 3.4 mm at 50% and 1.7 mm at 75% thresholds. Median distance between 50% and 75% measurements for HD-EEG was 6.1 mm and for LD-EEG 6.1 mm. For 50% and 75% thresholds, the concordance rates for dipole analysis were 56% and 72% (p Conclusions: LD-EEG including the sub-temporal chain is comparable to HD-EEG for EEG source imaging. Concordance between LD-EEG and HD-EEG were higher in dipole analyses at 75% of peak compared to 50% but sLORETTA concordance was higher for 50% than 75% analysis. Disclosure: Dr. Danoun has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cox has nothing to disclose. Dr. Brinkmann has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wong-Kisiel has nothing to disclose.
Postsecondary and Employment Expectations of Families and Students with Intellectual Disability

A survey was administered to assess overall expectations of administrators, teachers, families, and students with mild, moderate, and severe intellectual disabilities (ID) ranging in age from 14 to 21. Survey questions assessed expectations regarding paid jobs after school, wages, obtaining a regular high school diploma, getting a driverâs license, living away from home, and attending postsecondary education. The survey was completed online or returned by mail. A total of 2,015 surveys were sent to four school districts with a 33.6% (n=677) response rate. This survey analysis focused more specifically on student and family expectations. Major findings indicated student expectations were higher than family expectations especially in postsecondary education.
The Internet World of Fan Fiction

THE INTERNET WORLD OF FAN FICTION By Melissa J. Herzing, M.A. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2005. Major Director: Dr. Elizabeth Hodges, Associate Professor, Department of English Fan fiction, the most popular creative outlet for fans, allows the amateur writer an opportunity to be published and receive immediate feedback from peers. As educators, we can learn from the fan communities as they participate in online activities, especially fan fiction. Students are more likely to embrace entertaining and creative assignments. And since much of the world is linked to the Internet in one way or another, we can allow students an opportunity to not only improve their writing skills, but also enhance their knowledge of the Internet and its capabilities. My study included online interviews with fan fiction writers and readers as well as the examination of fan fiction texts and websites. By exploring this relatively unknown genre of writing and reading, I believe teachers of composition can use fan fiction to their advantage by encouraging students to write creatively using subject matter that interests them in some way.
Differential Geometry on Hopf Algebras and Quantum Groups (Ph.D. Thesis)

The differential geometry on a Hopf algebra is constructed, by using the basic axioms of Hopf algebras and noncommutative differential geometry. The space of generalized derivations on a Hopf algebra of functions is presented via the smash product, and used to define and discuss quantum Lie algebras and their properties. The Cartan calculus of the exterior derivative, Lie derivative, and inner derivation is found for both the universal and general differential calculi of an arbitrary Hopf algebra, and, by restricting to the quasitriangular case and using the numerical R-matrix formalism, the aforementioned structures for quantum groups are determined.
Gender Inequality within the U.S. Land-Grant Agricultural Sciences Professoriate

This paper focuses on gender inequality in the agricultural sciences in colleges of agriculture at U.S. land-grant universities. We ask two questions: (1) What degree of gender inequality exists in the agricultural sciences? (2) Can gender inequality be attributed to differences in human capital, professional networking, means of scientific production, and/or research productivity? Drawing on data from a 2005 nationwide survey of land-grant agricultural scientists, we find evidence of significant gender inequality despite few gender differences in scientists' human capital, professional networking, means of scientific production, and research productivity. Our most robust finding relates to gender differences in scientists' linkages with private industry. We conclude with thoughts on other possible explanations for gender inequality within the land-grant agricultural sciences professoriate.
BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE AND PSYCHIATRY: A DIALOGUE

The current lively interest in the relationship between behavioral interactions and virtually all aspects of health and disease reflects the strong empirical and conceptual influence of experimental laboratory science. The historical roots of an extensive and expanding research literature in this behavioral medicine field can be traced to the early studies of Pavlov and Sherrington, before the turn of the century, whose work focused upon the central role of behavioral interactions in the physiological adaptations and adjustments of the internal environment (Pavlov, 1927, 1928; Sherrington, 1906). Of at least as great import, however, was the foundation provided by these early investigations, as well as by those of Beckterev (1932) in the Soviet Union and Thorndike (1898) in the United States, for conceptualizing the behavioral interactions between organism and environment within the framework of an orderly and systematic body of scientific knowledge based upon observation and experiment.
Far‐Infrared Spectroscopy

The far-infrared spectral region is defined and transitions that absorb radiation in this region are discussed. The intramolecular vibrations of small organic and inorganic compounds that absorb in the far-infrared region include stretching modes involving heavy atoms, skeletal bending modes, and torsional and ring-puckering vibrations. Intermolecular vibrations of small molecules that absorb in the far infrared include hydrogen bonds and liquid lattice bands. The phonon bands of inorganic solids are briefly discussed. Intramolecular vibrations of polymers that absorb in the far-infrared polymers can be due to localized torsions of individual functional groups and modes that are more delocalized along the chain. Intermolecular vibrations of polymers that are observed in the far infrared include rotatory and translatory motions of the chains. Absorption may also be induced by disorder and by the presence of impurities that have been either deliberately or accidentally introduced. Finally, the rotational transitions of small molecules in the vapor-phase that absorb far-infrared radiation are discussed. Keywords: far-infrared; heavy atoms; skeletal vibrations; torsional vibrations; ring-puckering vibrations; hydrogen bonds; liquid lattice bands; phonon bands; far-infrared polymer absorption bands; impurity-induced absorption; pure rotation spectra