cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Probability of prostate cancer detection based on results of a multicenter study using the AxSYM free PSA and total PSA assays.

Abstract Objectives. The determination of the percentage of free prostate-specific antigen (%fPSA) enhances the specificity of prostate cancer (CaP) detection. This study was undertaken to assess the performance of %fPSA in differentiating benign prostate disease from CaP and to determine the CaP probability estimates using the AxSYM Free PSA and AxSYM Total PSA assays. Methods. In this prospective study, 297 men, 50 years old or older, with a total PSA level between 4 and 10 ng/mL and a nonsuspicious digital rectal examination were enrolled at 10 clinical sites. All subjects underwent at least sextant prostate biopsies to establish the diagnosis. fPSA and total PSA (tPSA) levels were determined using the AxSYM Free PSA and AxSYM Total PSA assays. Percent fPSA values were compared with tPSA values to determine the appropriate cutoffs for prostate biopsy and to calculate the CaP probability estimates. Results. The strongest predictor of CaP in a logistic regression model was %fPSA (odds ratio 2.29), which contributed significantly more than age or tPSA to the predictive model. In this study population, a %fPSA cutoff of 26.4% would have detected 96% of subjects with CaP (sensitivity) and would have eliminated 27.4% of unnecessary biopsies (specificity). CaP probability estimates ranged from 9% to 69% and increased as the %fPSA value decreased. Men with a %fPSA level of 10% or lower had a 69% probability of CaP, and men with a %fPSA level of greater than 26% had a 9% probability of CaP. Conclusions. Percent fPSA values can help differentiate CaP from benign prostate disease and reduce unnecessary biopsies in 27% of men 50 years old or older whose digital rectal examination was normal and whose tPSA level was between 4 and 10 ng/mL. A %fPSA result can assist the physician and patient in determining the probability of CaP and assessing the need for prostate biopsy.
Electronic effects in multibridged cyclophanes as viewed by the indices of excitation

Abstract [2.2]Paracyclophane and its multibridged analogs containing 3 to 6 bridges [3(1,2,3), 3(1,2,4), 3(1,3,5), 4(1,2,3,4), 4(1,2,3,5), 4(1,2,4,5), 5 and 6] were characterized by the indices of excitation expressed as localization of excitation numbers and charge transfer numbers based on the analysis of the transition density matrix. The MO theory, in supermolecule approximation, was applied together with the PPP CI-1 method. The σ-π orbitals interactions between bridges and rings were also considered. With regard to the first UV absorption band at 33000 ± 1000 cm −1 , the relatively low transition energies for 3(1,3,5) and 4(1,2,4,5) resulted from the lowest degree of localization of excitation on the aromatic rings and the highest transannular interaction. For 3(1,2,3) and 4(1,2,3,4), the opposite conclusion was reached. The 3(1,3,5) cyclophane was distinguished not only by neglecting the linear correlation between the transition energies E ( S 0 → S 2 ) and the localization numbers that are valid for other cyclophanes, but also by the stronger transannular interaction appearing in the 2 1 A ' state connected with the third absorption band.
Gauge invariance of the scalar-vector mass ratio in the Coleman-Weinberg model

The scalar-meson to vector-meson mass ratio, due to spontaneous symmetry breakdown, is calculated in the two-loop approximation of massless scalar quantum electrodynamics. Although the effective potential is gauge-dependent, this mass ratio is found to be gauge-independent. This strongly supports the interpretation given by Coleman and Weinberg that the radiative corrections drive the spontaneous symmetry breakdown in this theory. The mass ratio is found to be $\frac{{{m}_{S}}^{2}}{{{m}_{V}}^{2}}=\frac{\frac{3}{2}{e}^{2}}{4{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{2}}\ensuremath{-}\frac{61}{48}{(\frac{{e}^{2}}{4{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{2}})}^{2}$, where ${e}^{2}$ is the physical coupling constant.
Do Voters Reward and Punish Governments for Changes in Income Taxes

Abstract This article examines whether governments experience electoral sanctions for changes in income tax rates. The article asks two questions. First, do governments gain votes after lowering taxes and lose votes after raising taxes? Second, is this effect conditional upon the ideology of the government, with right‐wing governments being particularly sensitive to changes in tax rates? An analysis of national elections between 1990 and 2006 in 19 countries finds evidence that governing parties that raise (lower) taxes lose (gain) votes in subsequent elections. Further analyses are suggestive that right‐wing incumbents are more strongly affected by changes in basic income tax levels than left‐wing and centrist governing parties. However, these findings hold only when measuring changes in income tax brackets that broadly affect the electorate, suggesting a certain degree of economic rationality.
A closed form solution for average heat transfer coefficient during force vapour flow condensation on inclined surfaces

Abstract Heat transfer during condensation of a flowing vapour on an isothermal plate of arbitrary inclination is investigated analytically. The analysis is based on a previously reported perturbation solution of the film stability problem. A closed form expression is obtained for the dimensionless average heat transfer coefficient which is compared with available solutions valid for the special cases of condensation on horizontal and vertical surfaces.
Monkey tests for random number generators

This article describes some very simple, as well as some quite sophisticated, tests that shed light on the suitability of certain random number generators.
Fertility decline, girls' well-being, and gender gaps in children's well-being in poor countries.

The influences of recent dramatic declines in fertility on girls’ and boys’ well-being in poorer countries are understudied. In panels of 67–75 poorer countries, using 152–185 Demographic and Health Surveys spanning 1985–2008, we examined how declining total fertility and women’s increasing median age at first birth were associated with changes in girls’ well-being and gender gaps in children’s well-being, as reflected in their survival, nutrition, and access to preventive healthcare. In adjusted random-effects models, these changes in fertility were associated with gains in girls’ survival at ages 1–4 years, vaccination coverage at ages 12–23 months, and nutrition at 0–36 months (for women’s later first childbearing). Declining total fertility was associated with similar gains for boys and girls with respect to vaccination coverage but intensified gender gaps in mortality at ages 1–4 years and malnutrition at ages 0–36 months, especially in higher-son-preference populations. Later increases in women’s median age at first birth—reflecting more equitable gender norms—were associated with declines in these gaps. Promoting equitable investments in children through family planning programs in higher-fertility societies is warranted.
Digestibility and Effects of Three Forms of Mostly Saturated Fatty Acids

Four nonlactating Holstein cows fitted with ruminal cannulas were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design with 14-d periods. Treatments were 1) control, no added fat; 2) 5.0% prilled fatty acids (iodine value = 14); 3) 5.6% prilled hydrogenated tallow (iodine value = 8); and 4) 5.0% flaked fatty acids (iodine value = 14). Diets consisted of alfalfa haylage, corn silage, and concentrate (40:20:40, DM basis). Intake of the TMR (16.4% CP and 25.4% ADF) was restricted to 1.5% of BW so that DMI was similar among diets (9.2 kg/d). Total fatty acid intakes averaged 293, 749, 747, and 686 g/d for treatments 1 to 4, respectively. Digestibilities of total C16, total C18, and total fatty acids were greater for prilled fatty acids than for prilled hydrogenated tallow. Total tract apparent digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, ADF, and NDF did not differ among treatments. Treatments did not affect concentration of total VFA or acetate:propionate ratio in ruminal fluid. Concentration of cholesterol in plasma was lowest when cows were fed the control diet and was greater when cows were fed prilled fatty acids than when they were fed prilled hydrogenated tallow or flaked fatty acids. The three forms of saturated fatty acids did not affect nutrient digestibilities or ruminal fermentation characteristics, but the digestibility of fatty acids in prilled hydrogenated tallow was lower than in prilled fatty acids. Digestibilities of fatty acids and other nutrient fractions and characteristics of ruminal fluid generally were similar between flaked and prilled fatty acids, despite the larger particle size of flaked fatty acids.
Haruki Murakami and the Ethics of Translation

In his paper, "Haruki Murakami and the Ethics of Translation," Will Slocombe argues that despite the fact that Murakami has gained world-wide popularity recently, there has been little critical attention to his works outside of the comparatively narrow area of Japanese studies. Slocombe proposes that Murakami is too important an author to be limited in this way because of his definition of "translation." For Murakami, translation delineates an operative ethics between Self and Other, a dialogue that is not only between different languages and cultures, but also between the private and political spheres, and between different individuals. Slocombe discusses Murakami's works not as translations from the Japanese but presents an analysis of the theme of translation and its significance in terms of national and global identity in the context of comparative cultural studies. Translation is presented as Murakami's method of defending against hegemonic systems, whether global capitalism, political authoritarianism, or prevailing literary trends. Will Slocombe, "Haruki Murakami and the Ethics of Translation" page 2 of 11 CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture 6.2 (2004):
Transitional care issues influencing access to health care: employability and insurability

Addressing the issues of employability and insurability remains a challenge for young adults with CHD, their parents, and health care professionals who care for this patient group. Because of their chronic condition, these young persons require ongoing access to health care, throughout their adult lives. Because most individuals obtain insurance through their place of employment (unless it is obtained under a spouse's policy), adolescents with CHD should begin to look carefully at career options that are compatible with their interests and their physical abilities. If it is more appropriate, assistance with referral to vocational rehabilitation programs may be given. Finally, guidance should include how to avoid issues of discrimination during a job interview and when working at one's place of employment. Legislation now supports many workers as long as they can carry out the job for which they were hired. With the continuing rise in cost of health care and health insurance coverage, young persons with CHD must understand the high importance of maintaining health care coverage for their chronic health condition, usually through a group plan in their place of employment. Current legislation supports supplemental coverage and portability of coverage when changing jobs, which minimizes or eliminates waiting periods for pre-existing conditions. Suggestions for ongoing health care are included not only for care by a cardiologist but noncardiac care, including a primary care practitioner, dental care, and obstetric-gynecologic care. With the size and life expectancy of this patient group growing each year, the issues of employability and insurability must continually be addressed by health care professionals in conjunction with government policy makers and insurance representatives. As additional long-term survival data become available on the natural history of CHD, it is hoped that insurance requirements will be modified to afford this group the insurance coverage needed to obtain adequate medical and financial security, with facilitated access to appropriate, high quality, and affordable health care.
Choledochal Cyst Disease in Children and Adults: A 30-Year Single-Institution Experience

Background The reported incidence of choledochal cyst (CC) disease varies greatly based on geography. Most large series on CC originate from East Asia. So our understanding of the presentation and natural history of CC disease in western societies is less well characterized. Recognition and surgical treatment are important because of the significant longterm risks of developing cholangiocarcinoma. We report here the largest single-institution western experience with CC disease. Study Design Ninety-two patients with CC disease who were seen at our institution between 1976 and 2006 were included in this study. Potential differences between children and adults (defined as 16 years old or older) were specifically evaluated. Results There were 19 children and 73 adults; 90% were girls/women with type I cysts. Adults were more likely to present with abdominal pain (97% versus 63%, p Conclusions Western CC disease has a similar demographic profile as that seen in Asia. CCs are more frequently found in adults and girls/women and are associated with a longterm risk of developing cholangiocarcinoma. Presentation differs between adults and children. After complete cyst excision, no patients developed cholangiocarcinoma.
Immunization and Bell’s Palsy in Children: A Case-Centered Analysis

Bell’s palsy (BP) is an acute and idiopathic paralysis of the facial nerve, with an estimated incidence ranging from 11.5 per 100,000 person-years to 53.3 per 100,000 person-years in different populations. BP has been reported following immunization with inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine. Epidemiologic studies examining this association among children are lacking. From 2001 through 2006, all children aged � 18 years diagnosed with BP within the Kaiser Permanente Northern California population were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, code 351.0. All electronically identified cases were reviewed and adjudicated by an otolaryngologist (n ¼ 233). Using a case-centered approach, the authors examined the risk of BP during 3 risk intervals. Immunization with TIV (odds ratio (OR) ¼ 0.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.2, 2.8), HBV vaccine (OR ¼ 0.8, 95% CI: 0.2, 2.4), or any vaccine (treating all vaccines combined; OR ¼ 0.9, 95% CI: 0.6, 1.4) was not associated with increased risk of BP 1–28 days after immunization. Similarly, no association was found between vaccines and BP during the periods 1–14 and 29–56 days following immunization. Results of this study suggest that there is no association between immunization and BP in children. Bell’s palsy; child; immunization; vaccines
Mapping Pavlovian Conditioning Effects on the Brain: Blocking, Contiguity, and Excitatory Effects

Pavlovian conditioning effects on the brain were investigated by mapping rat brain activity with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) autoradiography. The goal was to map the effects of the same tone after blo...
Current trends in chaperone use by plastic and reconstructive surgeons.

PURPOSE: There is a paucity of literature regarding the use of chaperones by surgeons when examining patients. Use of a chaperone not only makes the patient comfortable but also potentially protects the surgeon from perceived misconduct. This is especially true for plastic surgeons who examine sensitive areas commonly. The purpose of this study was to determine the current trends in chaperone use by plastic surgeons when examining patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 23-question online survey was sent to all members of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Data collected online were analyzed using Student t test and Pearson χ test. A P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Of the 4990 surgeons polled, 830 (16.6%) responded to some or all of the questions (707 [85%] male; 117 [14%] female). The overall chaperone use by plastic surgeons during all examinations of patients was 30%. This rate increased up to 60% while examining sensitive areas. Male surgeons reported a higher frequency of chaperone use than female surgeons (P < 0.001). Cosmetic surgeons had a higher rate of chaperone use compared to reconstructive surgeons (P = 0.001). Similarly, surgeons who had been in practice for more than 20 years reported a higher rate of chaperone use compared to surgeons in practice for less than 20 years (P = 0.032). Sixty-one (7.6%; 56 male and 5 female) surgeons reported being accused of inappropriate behavior by patients, of whom 49 (80%) did not have a chaperone present. There was no significant difference among male and female surgeons in rates of being accused of inappropriate behavior (7.9% vs 4.2%, P = 0.19). CONCLUSIONS: There was a higher rate of chaperone use by male plastic surgeons, surgeons with more than 20 years experience, and cosmetic surgeons. Despite the difference in chaperone use between the sexes, both had similar rates of being accused of inappropriate behavior during examinations by patients, and although these incidents were quite low, most had no chaperone present during those examinations.
FoxO1, the transcriptional chief of staff of energy metabolism

FoxO1, one of the four FoxO isoforms of Forkhead transcription factors, is highly expressed in insulin-responsive tissues, including pancreas, liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, as well as in the skeleton. In all these tissues FoxO1 orchestrates the transcriptional cascades regulating glucose metabolism. Indeed, FoxO1 is a major target of insulin which inhibits its transcriptional activity via nuclear exclusion. In the pancreas, FoxO1 regulates β-cell formation and function by a balanced dual mode of action that suppresses β-cell proliferation but promotes survival. Hepatic glucose production is promoted and lipid metabolism is regulated by FoxO1 such that under insulin resistance they lead to hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, two features of type 2 diabetes. In skeletal muscle FoxO1 maintains energy homeostasis during fasting and provides energy supply through breakdown of carbohydrates, a process that leads to atrophy and underlies glycemic control in insulin resistance. In a dual function, FoxO1 regulates energy and nutrient homeostasis through energy storage in white adipose tissue, but promotes energy expenditure in brown adipose tissue. In its most recently discovered novel role, FoxO1 acts as a transcriptional link between the skeleton and pancreas as well as other insulin target tissues to regulate energy homeostasis. Through its expression in osteoblasts it controls glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and energy expenditure. In a feedback mode of regulation, FoxO1 is also a target of insulin signaling in osteoblasts. Insulin suppresses activity of osteoblastic FoxO1 thus promoting beneficial effects of osteoblasts on glucose metabolism. The multiple actions of FoxO1 in all glucose-regulating organs, along with clinical studies suggesting that its glycemic properties are conserved in humans, establish this transcription factor as a master regulator of energy metabolism across species.
TimeLine: Visualizing Integrated Patient Records

An increasing amount of data is now accrued in medical information systems; however, the organization of this data is still primarily driven by data source, and does not support the cognitive processes of physicians. As such, new methods to visualize patient medical records are becoming imperative in order to assist physicians with clinical tasks and medical decision-making. The TimeLine system is a problem-centric temporal visualization for medical data: information contained with medical records is reorganized around medical disease entities and conditions. Automatic construction of the TimeLine display from existing clinical repositories occurs in three steps: 1. data access, which uses an extensible Markup Language (XML) data representation to handle distributed, heterogeneous medical databases; 2. data mapping and reorganization, reformulating data into hierarchical, problem-centric views; and 3. data visualization, which renders the display to a target presentation platform. Leveraging past work, we describe the latter two components of the TimeLine system in this paper, and the issues surrounding the creation of medical problems lists and temporal visualization of medical data. A driving factor in the development of TimeLine was creating a foundation upon which new data types and the visualization metaphors could be readily incorporated.
Relation of gender to physician use of test results and to the prognostic value of stress technetium 99m sestamibi myocardial single-photon emission computed tomography scintigraphy

Abstract We analyzed potential gender differences in the use and prognostic value of stress technetium 99m sestamibi tomography, image results, and cardiac event rates over a period of 15 ± 8 months in 1226 men and 1151 women. Men had more abnormal tomographic images, but referral for catheterization and revascularization similarly increased in relation to the number of defects. Men and women with abnormal images had similar event rates, 19.6% and 18.2%, respectively, although men more often had myocardial infarction or cardiac death (7.6% vs 4.1%, p p
Awake Craniotomy in Arteriovenous Malformation Surgery: The Usefulness of Cortical and Subcortical Mapping of Language Function in Selected Patients

Objective Awake craniotomy for removal of intra-axial lesions is a well-established procedure. Few studies, however, have investigated the usefulness of this approach for resection of arteriovenous malformations adjacent to eloquent language areas. We demonstrate our experience by using cortical stimulation mapping and report for the first time on the usefulness of subcortical stimulation with interrogation of language function during resection of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) located near language zones. Methods Patients undergoing awake craniotomy for AVMs located in language zones and at least 5 mm away from the closest functional magnetic resonance imaging activation were analyzed. During surgery, cortical bipolar stimulation at 50 Hz, with an intensity of 2 mA, increased to a maximum of 10 mA was performed in the region around the AVM before claiming it negative for language function. In positive language site, the area was restimulated 3 times to confirm the functional deficit. The AVM resection was started based on cortical mapping findings. Further subcortical stimulation performed in concert with speech interrogation by the neuropsychologist continued at key points throughout the resection as feasible. The usefulness of cortical and subcortical stimulation in addition to patient outcomes was analyzed. Results Between March 2009 and September 2014, 42 brain AVM resections were performed. Four patients with left-sided language zone AVMs underwent awake craniotomy. The AVM locations were fronto-opercular in 2 patients and posterior temporal in 2. The AVM Spetzler-Martin grades were II (2 patients) and III (2 patients). In 1 patient, complete speech arrest was noticed during mapping of the peri-malformation zone, which was not breached during resection. In a second patient who initially demonstrated negative cortical mapping, a speech deficit was noticed during resection and subcortical stimulation. This guided the approach to protect and avoid the sensitive zone. This patient experienced mild postoperative expressive dysphasia that improved to normal within 6 weeks. Complete resection was achieved in all 4 patients. There were no other complications and no permanent neurological morbidity, resulting in good outcome in all 4 patients. Conclusions Language mapping, both cortical and subcortical during AVM resection, may be valuable in a very select group of AVMs in language zones. Defining safe margins and feedback to the surgeon may provide the highest chances of a surgical cure while minimizing the risk of incurring a language deficit.
Origin of the En Echelon Faults in North-Central Oklahoma

That lateral slipping movements along buried faults, as postulated by Fath and accepted, with modifications, by others, are in reality the explanation of the en echelon faults of north-central Oklahoma seems improbable. It is difficult to accept the Ouachita thrust as the source of the stress necessary to cause such movements. Other sources of stress may be assumed, but the lack of continuity of the surface fault zones and the manner in which their trend swings with the strike of the Pennsylvanian formations make it difficult to believe that all of them follow pre-Pennsylvanian buried faults. Torsion, augmented by a slight uplift, will give such en echelon faults, and by this combination of stresses such faults were formed experimentally. The field relations in north-central Oklahoma show that these stresses were active in a considerable part of the faulted area.
The Gate-Controlled Diode, High-Frequency, and Quasi-Static $C$ – $V$ Techniques for Characterizing Advanced Vertical Trenched Power MOSFETs

Gate-controlled diode (GCD), also called ldquoMOS-gated diode,rdquo is an effective and feasible technique to characterize the MOSFET critical parameters. However, the GCD current, from thermal generation, is often too low to be measurable with accuracy. We have successfully fabricated and characterized the GCD for an n-channel advanced vertical trenched power MOSFET. For a typical high-power MOSFET, the channel length is in the submicrometer range, and the transistor width is several ldquometersrdquo (packed into a tiny area). The GCD current can be detected with such extended transistor dimensions for a power MOSFET. The effects of epi doping concentration and thermal cycles are discussed. The high-frequency and quasi-static C -Vs measured from the power MOSFETs are analyzed and compared with the GCD data in this brief.
Role of mechanical ventilation in the airborne transmission of infectious agents in buildings

Infectious disease outbreaks and epidemics such as those due to SARS, influenza, measles, tuberculosis, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus have raised concern about the airborne transmission of pathogens in indoor environments. Significant gaps in knowledge still exist regarding the role of mechanical ventilation in airborne pathogen transmission. This review, prepared by a multidisciplinary group of researchers, focuses on summarizing the strengths and limitations of epidemiologic studies that specifically addressed the association of at least one heating, ventilating and/or air-conditioning (HVAC) system-related parameter with airborne disease transmission in buildings. The purpose of this literature review was to assess the quality and quantity of available data and to identify research needs. This review suggests that there is a need for well-designed observational and intervention studies in buildings with better HVAC system characterization and measurements of both airborne exposures and disease outcomes. Studies should also be designed so that they may be used in future quantitative meta-analyses.
Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/Fourier transform infrared/flame ionization detection studies of particle size fractions of woody peat☆

Abstract Peat types are categorized by botanical composition and degree of degradation. The more decomposed, or sapric peats, contain a higher percentage of finer particles than the least decomposed, or fibric peats. These finer particles represent the degradative remains of larger plant particles and, hence, possess a chemical composition indicative of increasing humification. Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/Fourier transform infrared/flame ionization detection (FID) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry studies have been conducted on woody peats from a deposit near Jambi, Sumatra, Indonesia, in an attempt to correlate particle size fractions to chemical composition. Fifty-seven compounds, classified according to their origins (e.g., eugenol, which is derived from guaiacyl type lignins), are quantitatively monitored by normalizing the FID response to 1 for each particle size fraction for each sample. The relative concentrations for each compound are then plotted versus three particle size fractions, and a classification scheme developed based upon those plots. The schemes classify the compounds as being either more concentrated in the finer size fractions, coarse size fractions, or as having no discernible particle size fraction trend. The fate of individual compounds and classes of compounds (e.g., hexoses) are presented, and the chemical composition of the various peat types are reconstructed from these data.
Cancer Center Website Rankings in the USA: Expanding Benchmarks and Standards for Effective Public Outreach and Education

The 68 National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated comprehensive and cancer centers have been tasked with leading the campaign in the fight against cancer, as well as providing education and outreach to the public. Therefore, it is important for these organizations to have an effective online presence to disseminate information and engage patients. The purpose of this study was to assess both the functionality and usability of cancer centers’ websites. The 68 center web domains were evaluated using two separate but complementary approaches. First, a webcrawler was used to score each website on five dimensions: accessibility, content, marketing, technology, and usability. Rankings on each dimension and an average ranking were calculated for all 68 centers. Second, a three-reader system was used to determine a list of all functionalities present on the websites. Both webcrawler scores and functionality prevalence were compared across center type. No differences were observed in webcrawler scores between comprehensive and cancer centers. Mean scores on all dimensions ranged between 5.47 and 7.09. For the functionality assessment, 64 unique functions were determined and categorized into 12 domains, with the average center possessing less than 50 % of the functions. This census assessment of NCI centers’ websites suggests the need for improvement to capitalize on new dissemination platforms available online. Progress in development of this technology can help achieve the goals of public education and outreach to a broad audience. This paper presents performance guidelines evaluated against best-demonstrated practice to facilitate social media use improvement.
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in clinically suspected cardiac amyloidosis: diagnostic value of a typical pattern of late gadolinium enhancement.

Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is a tool for noninvasive evaluation of myocardial viability that has the advantage over other imaging techniques of being able to directly visualize nonviable myocardium with excellent contrast and spatial resolution
The RNA-binding protein Musashi 1 stabilizes the oncotachykinin 1 mRNA in breast cancer cells to promote cell growth

Substance P and its truncated receptor exert oncogenic effects. The high production of substance P in breast cancer cells (BCCs) is caused by the enhancement of tachykinin (TAC)1 translation by cytosolic factor. In vitro translational studies and mRNA stabilization analyses indicate that BCCs contain the factor needed to increase TAC1 translation and to stabilize the mRNA. Prediction of protein folding, RNA-shift analysis, and proteomic analysis identified a 40 kDa molecule that interacts with the noncoding exon 7. Western blot analysis and RNA supershift identified Musashi 1 (Msi1) as the binding protein. Ectopic expression of TAC1 in nontumorigenic breast cells (BCs) indicates that TAC1 regulates its stability by increasing Msi1. Using a reporter gene system, we showed that Msi1 competes with microRNA (miR)130a and -206 for the 3' UTR of exon 7/TAC1. In the absence of Msi1 and miR130a and -206, reporter gene activity decreased, indicating that Msi1 expression limits TAC1 expression. Tumor growth was significantly decreased when nude BALB/c mice were injected with Msi1-knockdown BCCs. In summary, the RNA-binding protein Msi1 competes with miR130a and -206 for interaction with TAC1 mRNA, to stabilize and increase its translation. Consequently, these interactions increase tumor growth.
Abstract 20594: Variation of Radiation Usage and Current Practice in the Pediatric Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory - A Multicenter Study by the CCISC (Congenital Cardiovascular Interventional Study Consortium)

Introduction: Reduction of radiation dosage is an important task of quality improvement in pediatric cardiac catheterization laboratories. Comparison of data with a benchmark allows intra and inter-institutional comparisons to be made. To date, institutional variation of catheterization practices focusing on radiation dosage has not been well described. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that radiation dosage significantly vary between institutions and there may be significant effect of frame rate on radiation dosage. Methods: This was a multicenter observational study of children undergoing catheterizations in pediatric laboratories. Utilizing normalized air Kerma area product (P KA ) by body weight (P KA /BW, μGym 2 /kg) as a standardized measure, institutional variation and trend of radiation dosage from 2009 to 2013 were analyzed. Cases were broken down into interventional, diagnostic, and transplant right ventricular transplant biopsy. These cases were further categorized into high (30 frame/sec for cine and 15 for fluoroscopy) and low (15 and 7.5, respectively) frame rate groups and the effect of frame rate on radiation dosage was assessed. Results: Among 8267 procedures from 16 institutions, P KA /BW was significantly variable between institutions ( p KA /BW of diagnostic and interventional procedures over 5 years, despite no significant change in fluoroscopic time. High frame rate group had significantly higher P KA /BW ( p Conclusions: P KA /BW appeared to be a useful standardized measure of radiation dose to compare between institutions. Significant variation of radiation dosage suggests a need of quality control in this field. Use of lower frame rates significantly lowered radiation dosages for similar procedural types. A concerted effort should be made to lower the frame rates in labs with consistently higher radiation usage.
Self-Assembly and Visualization of Poly(3-hexyl-thiophene) Chain Alignment along Boron Nitride Nanotubes

Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) were noncovalently functionalized with poly(3-hexyl-thiophene) (P3HT) to produce stable suspensions. The conjugated polymer and BNNTs interact via π–π stacking, and the resulting self-assembly of regiorandom P3HT on the BNNT surface is immediately evident through a color change and the appearance of a partially resolved absorption band. By employing polarized excitation fluorescence microscopy, we directly visualized the polymer-functionalized BNNTs and determined the conformation of the polymer on BNNT surfaces. Variation of fluorescence intensity with linear polarization direction showed conclusively that the P3HT chains were always aligned parallel to the BNNT long axis.
A Closer Look at the Overqualification-Outcomes Relationships: Examining Moderators and Mediators

The current symposium presents four empirical, field studies that explored both negative and positive work outcomes of overqualification as well as boundary conditions and processes underlying thes...
AUTOANTIBODIES RESULTING FROM IMMUNIZATION WITH KIDNEY.

SummaryRabbits were immunized with a rabbit kidney suspension incorporated into complete Freund adjuvants; guinea pigs were immunized similarly with guinea pig kidney. The rabbits formed 2 types of autoantibodies, one kidney-specific and the other devoid of organ specificity. The guinea pigs formed only antibodies of the second type. The possible role of the 2 corresponding antigens in eliciting experimental autoimmune nephrosis was discussed.
The Impact of EDP Systems on Office Employees: Some Empirical Conclusions

The article presents a study of the concerns of employees as companies increasingly move to electronic data publishing (EDP) systems. Employee questions and concerns have tended to focus on technol...
Light-weight cement slurry system in complex hole condition.

A stabilizer SSD and an early strength activator TSN were developed in lab for high W/C furnace slag slurry system, aimed at removing the deficiencies in previous low density furnace slag cement slurry. With the two agents added in the slurry, the slurry property is stable, the density is conditional between 1.30～1.45 g/cm 3, the compressive strength of cement stone is high and certain volume expansion does occur. Stabilizer SSD uses kinsite, which is a fibrous material of large specific surface area, as a main component. When it is used in the slurry, the fibers cross link on the water-cement particle interact to improve the cement stone pressure strength and to provide the volume certain thixotropic property. Experiments established that with SSD in, the bleeding of the slurry was lowered substantially to ensure the slurry stability in high W/C condition. Due to the existence of SiO 2 and MgO in SSD, it made consolidation between the casing and the formation in good condition. The cementing quality will also be improved.
Controlling the rectification properties of molecular junctions through molecule-electrode coupling.

The development of molecular components functioning as switches, rectifiers or amplifiers is a great challenge in molecular electronics. A desirable property of such components is functional robustness, meaning that the intrinsic functionality of components must be preserved regardless of the strategy used to integrate them into the final assemblies. Here, this issue is investigated for molecular diodes based on N-phenylbenzamide (NPBA) backbones. The transport properties of molecular junctions derived from NPBA are characterized while varying the nature of the functional groups interfacing the backbone and the gold electrodes required for break-junction measurements. Combining experimental and theoretical methods, it is shown that at low bias (<0.85 V) transport is determined by the same frontier molecular orbital originating from the NPBA core, regardless of the anchoring group employed. The magnitude of rectification, however, is strongly dependent on the strength of the electronic coupling at the gold–NPBA interface and on the spatial distribution of the local density of states of the dominant transport channel of the molecular junction.
In vitro metabolism and interaction studies with celecoxib and lovastatin.

2122 There is considerable interest in the development of COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) and HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A) reductase inhibitors as potential chemopreventive agents. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that celecoxib (COX-2 inhibitor) and lovastatin (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor) are promising candidates for chemoprevention and/or adjuvant chemotherapy. The current study was performed to investigate the in vitro metabolism of celecoxib and lovastatin when used as single agents or in combination. In addition, the potential for interactions with other concomitant drugs was investigated by evaluating the effect of celecoxib and lovastatin on standard probe substrate assays. Incubation and HPLC assay conditions were optimized for the formation and quantitation of the major metabolites of celecoxib (hydroxy celecoxib) and lovastatin (6′β-hydroxy lovastatin) in human liver microsomes. The formation of hydroxy celecoxib and 6′β-hydroxy lovastatin by human liver microsomes best fit to the Hill equation, with Km values of 10 and 31 μM, respectively. A screen of 19 individual cDNA expressed CYP isoforms (CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C18, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP3A7, CYP4A11, CYP4F2, CYP4F3A, CYP4F3B, and CYP 19) indicated that CYP2C9, CYP2D6 and CYP1A1 were predominantly responsible for celecoxib hydroxylation and CYP3A4, CYP3A5 and CYP3A7 played a significant role in lovastatin metabolism. Co-incubation of celecoxib and lovastatin in human liver microsomes resulted in inhibition of the metabolism of each drug at high concentrations. Lovastatin inhibited the formation of hydroxy celecoxib in a concentration-dependent manner at three different concentrations (3, 7.5 and 15 μM) of celecoxib, with a mean IC 50 ∼ 100 μM. Celecoxib was capable of inhibiting the formation of 6′s-hydroxy lovastatin at three concentrations (25, 50 and 75 μM) of lovastatin with a mean IC 50 ∼ 100 μM. Evaluation of the effect of celecoxib on the metabolism of probe substrates of CYP2C9 (diclofenac), CYP2D6 (bufuralol), CYP1A1 (7-ethoxy resorufin) and CYP3A4 (testosterone) indicated a significant inhibitory effect of celecoxib on diclofenac (IC 50 ∼ 10 μM) and bufuralol (IC 50 ∼ 2 μM) hydroxylation. Celecoxib did not affect CYP3A4 and CYP1A1 activities. Lovastatin significantly inhibited testosterone hydroxylation, with an average IC 50 ∼ 25 μM. These results indicate that celecoxib can potentially interfere with the metabolism of concomitantly administered drugs or dietary components that are CYP2C9 and CYP2D6 substrates. Similar interaction can be expected between lovastatin and CYP3A4 substrates. Supported by NCI Contract N01-CN-35126.
A general-purpose microcontroller-based framework for integrating oceanographic sensors, instruments, and peripherals

AbstractSensors and instruments for basic oceanographic properties are becoming increasingly sophisticated, which both simplifies and complicates their use in field studies. This increased sophistication disproportionately affects smaller-scale observational efforts that are less likely to be well supported technically but which need to integrate instruments, sensors, and commonly needed peripheral devices in ways not envisioned by their manufacturers. A general-purpose hardware and software framework was developed around a widely used family of low-power microcontrollers to lessen the technical expertise and customization required to integrate sensors, instruments, and peripherals, and thus simplify such integration scenarios. Both the hardware and associated firmware development tools provide a range of features often required in such scenarios: serial data interfaces, analog inputs and outputs, logic lines and power-switching capability, nonvolatile storage of data and parameters for sampling or config...
CONSUMPTION AND INDUSTRIAL DEMAND FOR FRUIT JUICES AND CONCENTRATES

The market of food products in the EU there is great competition. Consumers significantly “dictated” by changes in products and innovative solutions. The trend of healthy lifestyles, increasing consumer interest in exotic flavors and an attractive organic food, are the main reasons for the observed increase in fruit juice market. Manufacturing companies in the EU also have a demand for fruit juices and concentrates, the more you require a guaranteed product quality continuously/safe products and safe delivery of fresh products. Producers in developing countries have great opportunities for marketing their products in the markets of developed countries, if they meet certification requirements, which is often complicated, and for many producers/exporters is very expensive. Certified producers and exporters will have access to much of the market. Producers in developing countries should explore possibilities for placement of products in each EU country, as some member countries/trading partners can be attractive for certain products.
Sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and fracture risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta‐analysis

Background Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors could potentially alter calcium and phosphate homeostasis and may increase the risk of bone fracture. Methods The current meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the fracture risk among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with SGLT2 inhibitors. Randomized controlled trials that compared the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors to placebo were identified. The risk ratios of fracture among patients who received SGLT2 inhibitors versus placebo were extracted from each study. Pooled risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a random-effect, Mantel-Haenszel analysis. Results A total of 20 studies with 8286 patients treated with SGLT2 inhibitors were included. The pooled risk ratio of bone fracture in patients receiving SGLT2 inhibitors versus placebo was 0.67 (95% confidence interval, 0.42-1.07). The pooled risk ratio for canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin was 0.66 (95% confidence interval, 0.37-1.19), 0.84 (95% confidence interval, 0.22-3.18), and 0.57 (95% confidence interval, 0.20-1.59), respectively. Conclusions Increased risk of bone fracture among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with SGLT2 inhibitors compared with placebo was not observed in this meta-analysis. However, the results were limited by short duration of treatment/follow-up and low incidence of the event of interest.
A longitudinal examination of perceived racial/ethnic discrimination, public ethnic regard, and depressive symptoms in Latino youth

This longitudinal study examined the role of perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and public ethnic regard on depressive symptoms in an adolescent Latino sample (n = 141) living in an emerging immigrant community. Using a cross lagged model, this study found that Time 1 (T1) discrimination did not predict T2 depressive symptoms, nor did depressive symptoms predict T2 discrimination. However, public ethnic regard served as a significant moderator of the longitudinal association of discrimination. For youth who reported high public ethnic regard and high racial/ethnic discrimination at T1, they reported greater discrimination at T2 compared to those who reported low public ethnic regard. These findings suggest that an internalized positive perception of the public's view of one's ethnic group is a potential vulnerability factor that needs to be better understood. These findings imply the need for additional research on the unique role of public ethnic regard in emerging immigrant communities.
Can the Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressure be Used Reliably as a Surrogate for the Left Atrial Mean Pressure in Pre-Fontan Evaluation?

The correlation between mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) and left atrial mean pressure (LAMP) has been poorly studied in patients with single ventricle (SV) physiology (Bernstein et al. in Pediatr Cardiol 33: 15–20 2012). The aim of this study is to determine if the PAWP can be used safely as a surrogate to the LAMP to calculate the pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) during the pre-Fontan evaluation. Also, we aimed to understand if the presence of significant systemic-to-pulmonary collaterals (SPCs) is a confounding factor for accurate estimation of the LAMP. From February 2007 to February 2017, forty-one patients were eligible for inclusion in the study. These patients were varied in terms of underlying cardiac malformation. Sex distribution was equal with 20 males and 21 females. Median weight was 11.8 kg, median body surface area was 0.51 m2, median age at catheterization was 2 years, and the median age at Glenn surgery was 5 months. We found the left and right PAWP and LAMP correlated strongly and the differences in the measurements were negligible. Similar findings were observed when calculating PVRs using PAWP and LAMP. These findings were more pronounced in the absence of significant SPCs. PAWP and LAMP correlation was still valid in the presence of significant SPCs; however, the correlation among the calculated PVRs was more attenuated.
Bone and Connective Tissue

An 11-year-old boy with achondroplasia presents for an Ilizarov leg lengthening procedure. His admission vital signs are: HR = 92 bpm, BP = 110/80 mmHg, RR = 16/min, Hct = 34%. There is no prior history of surgery.