cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Lee waves in stratified flows with simple harmonic time dependence

The process of internal gravity wave generation by the simple harmonic flow (U = U0, cos ω0t) of a stably stratified fluid (Brunt–Vaisala frequency N) over an obstacle is investigated in some detail. Attention is primarily directed to the behaviour of the solution in various limiting cases, and to estimating the flux of energy into the internal wave field. In general, waves are generated not only at the fundamental frequency ω0, but also at all of its harmonics. But, for values of ω0/N greater than about one half, the waves of fundamental frequency are dominant. For values of ω0/N, less than about one half, the quasi-static approximation, in which the problem is considered as a slowly-varying version of the classical lee wave problem, is found to provide a viable estimate for the wave field. The general solution is found to compare favourably with the limited available experimental data.
Discourse and occupational perspective: A comparison of nurse practitioners and physician assistants

There are two occupations which currently prepare workers for the mid‐level provider role: the occupation of nursing (nurse practitioners) and the occupation of physician assistant. Through training, these occupations provide their members with specialized health care knowledge which is used to manage patients and their problems. Nursing claims to provide its members with a perspective toward health care that is very distinct from the perspective shared by the profession of medicine and physician assistants. Using field observations and recordings of interactions between two physician assistants and one nurse practitioner and patients in a health maintenance organization, this paper examines the manner and extent to which these differences in perspective actually affect the interactive strategies used in patient encounters. This study shows how the macro issue of differences in occupational perspective can be incorporated into micro studies of the form and content of talk used in social interaction.
Landing zone determination using video rate point cloud data

LADAR technology is used in remote sensing to monitor many parameters like particles and gases suspended in the atmosphere, measure velocity, 3-D mapping, etc. Its application for 3-D mapping is of great interest in the geospatial community. A LADAR system is capable of scanning the surface of an object by forming thousands or millions of points in the 3-D space. New advances in LADAR technology have been pushing towards 4-D data (x, y, z, and time). These systems are capable of operating in the same way as a video camera up to 30 frames per second. Sampling a scene in the 4-D domain is very attractive for military and civilian applications. This work presents an algorithm capable of using the 4-D measurements recorded by a LADAR system to generate a 3-D video. The algorithm provides a feature extraction tool that is used to identify and rank safe landing zones within the 3-D video point cloud dataset. We use parameters such as terrain irregularities, terrain slope or gradients, and distances from vertical obstructions to identify and rank safe landing zones. Other additional mission specific requirements can be included to further filter and rank safe landing zones.
Synthesis of Cyclopentadienyl Borate Ligands and Their Reactivity with Cp*Zr(CH3)3

This paper describes the synthesis of the new anionic cyclopentadienyl ligands Li[1,3-(CH3)3SiC5H4B(C6F5)3] (3) and Li[C5H5B(C6F5)3] (4), in which the tris(perfluorophenyl)boron moiety has been lin...
SU‐GG‐T‐123: The Study of Clinical Application of GEUD‐Based Optimization in IMRT Treatment Planning for Lung Cancer Patients

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to reveal if biologically generalized equivalent uniform dose (gEUD)‐based optimization in intensity‐modulated radiotherapy(IMRT)treatment planning is practical in clinic for lungcancer patients. Method and Materials: gEUD‐based optimization was investigated in IMRTtreatment planning for 15 lungcancer patients using Pinnacle treatment planning system. The optimized results were compared to those obtained under the same conditions except the objective functions in the clinical approved dose‐volume (DV)‐based optimized IMRT plans in terms of DVH, dose distribution, mean dose, and tumor control probability (TCP)/normal tissue complication probability (NTCP). Statistical analysis was done using a statistical software. Results: In average for all 15 lungcancer patients, TCP was increased by 7.09% and NTCP was decreased by 7.00% in the gEUD optimized plans compared to that in the clinical approved plans. Meanwhile, the mean dose of PTV was increased by 3.22%, and the mean doses of total lung, esophagus, heart, and spinal cord were decreased by 7.46%, 5.52%, 5.97%, and 5.05%, respectively. Both gEUD plan and DV plan had similar prescribed dose coverage for PTV. The volume received dose of at least 5 Gy (V5) for total lung was decreased by 4.35%, V10 by 6.57%, V20 by 8.73% and V30 by 10.61%. V40 for the heart was decreased by 9.81%. V55 for the esophagus was decreased by 10.96%. The maximum dose of spinal cord was decreased by 2.82%. The gEUD‐based optimization could result in a better dose profile. The improvement was proved to be statistically significant. Conclusion: gEUD‐based optimization could lead to better tumor cell kill and better critical structure sparing than DV‐based optimization, which is the currently used in IMRTtreatment planning in clinic. We believe that biologically gEUD optimized radiotherapy should be practical in clinic.
An Analysis of Articles by College Librarians

College librarians recognize research and publication as important components of professional growth and communication. Yet, compared to their counterparts in universities, they author fewer articles in the professional literature. This paper examines articles published by college librarians in College & Research Libraries and Journal of Academic Librarianship from 1986 to 1996 to provide a profile of college librarian authors and to identify factors that contributed to their success in publishing.
Chemical Genetics Reveals a Role for Mps1 Kinase in Kinetochore Attachment during Mitosis

Accurate chromosome segregation depends on proper assembly and function of the kinetochore and the mitotic spindle. In the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the highly conserved protein kinase Mps1 has well-characterized roles in spindle pole body (SPB, yeast centrosome equivalent) duplication and the mitotic checkpoint [1]. However, an additional role for Mps1 is suggested by phenotypes of MPS1 mutations that include genetic interactions with kinetochore mutations and meiotic chromosome segregation defects [1] and also by the localization of Mps1 at the kinetochore, the latter being independent of checkpoint activation [2]. We have developed a new MPS1 allele, mps1-as1, that renders the kinase specifically sensitive to a cell-permeable ATP analog inhibitor, allowing us to perform high-resolution execution point experiments that identify a novel role for Mps1 subsequent to SPB duplication. We demonstrate, by using both fixed- and live-cell fluoresence techniques, that cells lacking Mps1 function show severe defects in mitotic spindle formation, sister kinetochore positioning at metaphase, and chromosome segregation during anaphase. Taken together, our experiments are consistent with an important role for Mps1 at the kinetochore in mitotic spindle assembly and function.
45Ca Efflux and Agonist Induced Changes in Force in a Model of Thrombin Activated Platelets

(45)Ca(2+) and (3)H sorbitol were loaded by incubation into a model of thrombin activated, irreversibly aggregated platelets. Total Ca, measured by atomic absorption, was approximately 4.0 nmoles/mg wet weight. 55% of the total Ca(2+) was exchangeable with (45)Ca(2+), 14% was extracellular and 42% cellular, either surface or intracellular. Changes in the efflux of the marker into a buffer containing Mg-EGTA were correlated with the contractile responses of the preparation after addition of agonists. For the contracting agonists tested individually (ADP, epinephrine, and the endoperoxide analogue, U46619) the fractional efflux rate increased in phases, the descending component stabilizing at a rate higher than the basal. When agonists of different classes were added sequentially in supramaximal amounts, the increases in the stable component of the efflux were also additive and correlated well with the increases in the force of contraction. Washout of the agonist returned the efflux to the baseline. Agents increasing cyclic AMP, like prostaglandin E(1), produced a small decrease in the basal level of the efflux of (45)Ca. When contracting agonists were added to the pretreated preparation, a simultaneous decrease in efflux and force generated were found. The inhibition was dose dependent on the relaxing agonist.
Automated hexahedral mesh generation from biomedical image data: applications in limb prosthetics

A general method to generate hexahedral meshes for finite element analysis of residual limbs and similar biomedical geometries is presented. The method utilizes skeleton-based subdivision of cross-sectional domains to produce simple subdomains in which structured meshes are easily generated. Application to a below-knee residual limb and external prosthetic socket is described. The residual limb was modeled as consisting of bones, soft tissue, and skin. The prosthetic socket model comprised a socket wall with an inner liner. The geometries of these structures were defined using axial cross-sectional contour data from X-ray computed tomography, optical scanning, and mechanical surface digitization. A tubular surface representation, using B-splines to define the directrix and generator, is shown to be convenient for definition of the structure geometries. Conversion of cross-sectional data to the compact tubular surface representation is direct, and the analytical representation simplifies geometric querying and numerical optimization within the mesh generation algorithms. The element meshes remain geometrically accurate since boundary nodes are constrained to lie on the tubular surfaces. Several element meshes of increasing mesh density were generated for two residual limbs and prosthetic sockets, Convergence testing demonstrated that approximately 19 elements are required along a circumference of the residual limb surface for a simple linear elastic model. A model with the fibula absent compared with the same geometry with the fibula present showed differences suggesting higher distal stresses in the absence of the fibula. Automated hexahedral mesh generation algorithms for sliced data represent an advancement in prosthetic stress analysis since they allow rapid modeling of any given residual limb and optimization of mesh parameters.
The Numerical Results of Diverse Systems of Breeding, with Respect to Two Pairs of Characters, Linked or Independent, with Special Relation to the Effects of Linkage

Page 99, fifth line of footnote, for "Sewell Wright", read "Sewall Wright". Page 99, last line of footnote, for "B n F n -1 G n -1" read "B n -F n -1-G n -1". Page 117, interchange lines 18 and 19, placing "in sections (12), (13) and (14)" above the preceding line. Page 144, fourth line from
Influences on the Political Participation of People With Disabilities The Role of Individual and Elite Factors in 1984 and 1986

While Americans with disabilities comprise the largest minority group in American politics, we know very little about the individual level determinants of political activity among this neglected part of the American polity In this analysis, we use data collected by Louis Harris and Associates during the 1984 and 1986 elections to begin to understand more fully the determinants of political participation among people with disabilities. We find that the political activity of people with disabilities not only depends on demographic and psychological factors, but also appears to depend as much on candidate behavior and governmental performance. This evidence suggests that the political involvement of people with disabilities may greatly depend on the extent to which political elites attempt to address their political concerns.
Magnetic moment quantifications of small spherical objects in MRI

Purpose The purpose of this work is to develop a method for accurately quantifying effective magnetic moments of spherical-like small objects from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A standard 3D gradient echo sequence with only one echo time is intended for our approach to measure the effective magnetic moment of a given object of interest.
PTEN Functions by Recruitment to Cytoplasmic Vesicles

PTEN is proposed to function at the plasma membrane, where receptor tyrosine kinases are activated. However, the majority of PTEN is located throughout the cytoplasm. Here, we show that cytoplasmic PTEN is distributed along microtubules, tethered to vesicles via phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P), the signature lipid of endosomes. We demonstrate that the non-catalytic C2 domain of PTEN specifically binds PI(3)P through the CBR3 loop. Mutations render this loop incapable of PI(3)P binding and abrogate PTEN-mediated inhibition of PI 3-kinase/AKT signaling. This loss of function is rescued by fusion of the loop mutant PTEN to FYVE, the canonical PI(3)P binding domain, demonstrating the functional importance of targeting PTEN to endosomal membranes. Beyond revealing an upstream activation mechanism of PTEN, our data introduce the concept of PI 3-kinase signal activation on the vast plasma membrane that is contrasted by PTEN-mediated signal termination on the small, discrete surfaces of internalized vesicles.
Introduction: Great Basin tectonics and metallogeny

The Great Basin physiographic province in western North America chronicles a protracted tectonic history punctuated by events that pro-duced a wide range of structures, basins, magmas, and ﬂ uids, leading to the formation of a diverse assortment of small to world-class metallic ore deposits for several important commodities. These ore deposits have been mined in several “boom-and-bust” cycles over the past 150 years. The Great Basin region is currently the world’s second leading producer of gold. It also contains large silver and base metal (Cu, Zn, Pb) deposits, a variety of other important metallic (Fe, Ni, Mo, W, Be, REE, Hg, PGE, Ga) and industrial mineral (diatomite, barite, perlite, kaolinite) resources, and signiﬁ cant petroleum, geothermal energy, and groundwater resources. With the current high demand for metals in the United States and the increasing need for metals in developing coun-tries around the world, the Great Basin is likely to remain an important exploration and mining area for many years to come.Nearly all of the metallic ore deposits in the Great Basin formed in the Phanerozoic in a number of different environments, in response to tectonic events, at sites where both new and preexisting geologic features controlled hydro-thermal ﬂ uid movement and chemistry. Most of these hydrothermal systems operated in the upper crust and were inﬂ uenced by paleogeogra-phy and climate. Hence, the age and attributes of ore deposits in the Great Basin place important constraints on ancient geologic climatic envi-ronments. Subsequent burial/exhumation histo-ries controlled the preservation or modiﬁ cation of ore deposits and determined their positions relative to the present ground surface. Conse-quently, information on a wide variety of top-ics is of great interest to geologists involved in exploration and mineral resource assessments in important metallogenic provinces such as this. Such knowledge also facilitates the develop-ment of improved models that relate deposit formation to speciﬁ c environments and styles of tectonism that are applicable to other areas of the globe.This preface and the paper that follows it mark the beginning of a series of articles devoted to Great Basin tectonics and metallogeny. These papers will be published in the order in which they are accepted and will then be linked together to form a special volume. They are an outgrowth of a ﬁ ve-year U.S. Geological Survey project (Hofstra and Wallace, 2006) that spon-sored sessions at the 2005 Geological Society of America Annual Meeting in Salt Lake City, Utah, titled “Great Basin Tectonics and Metal-logeny.” The meeting included presenters from the Survey, academia, and industry (
Assertiveness of Male Anglo and Mexican-American College Students

Summary The effect of cultural background on reported assertiveness was investigated in two samples of male college students matched on age and education level. The Anglo sample (n = 34) scored significantly higher on a paper/pencil measure than the Mexican-American sample (n = 34) on overall level of assertiveness with significant differences being found for assertiveness with parents, same-sexed peers, and business relations. These lower assertiveness scores were explained in terms of the situationally tied assertive behavior as a function of the needs and cultural experience of Mexican-Americans.
Quantifying the deep-sea rock and fossil record bias using coccolithophores

While many studies show a correlation between observed taxonomic richness and various measures of geological sampling, all have been based on the same record of terrestrial and marine sediments collected from the land. Here we present the first analyses of how rock and fossil records vary in the deep-sea. We have developed a novel database of species occurrences of coccolithophores sampled during major drilling programs of the North Atlantic, including the Mediterranean and Caribbean. Our sampling proxy, the number of deep-sea sites sampled - perhaps the most direct measure of sampling used so far - shows an exponential rise towards the Recent. Over the same period species-richness has grown in an approximately linear fashion, but genus-level richness shows a sharp initial increase followed by a much slower decline. However, correlations between both richness measures and sampling are extremely strong and a model assuming true diversity to be constant accurately predicts much of observed richness. We conclude that the deep-sea fossil record, like its land-based counterpart, bears a rock record bias. © The Geological Society of London 2011.
Cognitive Appraisals of Specialty Mental Health Services and Their Relation to Mental Health Service Utilization in the Rural Population

Purpose: Rural individuals utilize specialty mental health services (eg, psychiatrists, psychologists, counselors, and social workers) at lower rates than their urban counterparts. This study explores whether cognitive appraisals (ie, individual perceptions of need for services, outcome expectancies, and value of a positive therapeutic outcome) of help-seeking for depression symptoms are related to the utilization of specialty mental health services in a rural sample. Methods: Demographic and environmental characteristics, cultural barriers, cognitive appraisals, and depression symptoms were assessed in one model predicting specialty mental health service utilization (MHSU) in a rural sample. Three hypotheses were proposed: (1) a higher number of environmental barriers (eg, lack of insurance or transportation) would predict lower specialty mental health service utilization; (2) an increase in cultural barriers (stigma, stoicism, and lack of anonymity) would predict lower specialty mental health utilization; and (3) higher cognitive appraisals of mental health services would predict specialty mental health care utilization beyond the predictive capacities of psychiatric symptoms, demographic variables, environmental barriers, and cultural barriers. Findings: Current depression symptoms significantly predicted lifetime specialty mental health service utilization. Hypotheses 1 and 2 were not supported: more environmental barriers predicted higher levels of specialty MHSU while cultural barriers did not predict specialty mental health service utilization. Hypothesis 3 was supported: cognitive appraisals significantly predicted specialty mental health service utilization. Conclusions: It will be important to target perceptions and attitudes about mental health services to reduce disparities in specialty MHSU for the rural population.
Who is Afraid of the T-word? Labeling Terror in the Media Coverage of Political Violence Before and After 9/11

Several studies conducted after 9/11 found that American journalists have largely embraced the government's official frame of the “War on Terror.” Drawing from the claim of an ideological bond, this study investigates how American news media covered politically violent organizations that are not linked to Al Qaeda or the events of 9/11. More specifically, the article examines whether the media's inconsistent use of the word “terror” changed as a consequence of 9/11 by comparing the coverage of these organizations before and after 9/11. A quantitative content analysis of American media indicates that overall the coverage of political violence did not change after 9/11. Moreover, journalists remained vigilant about using the word “terror” when covering politically violent organization.
Chemical Composition of Inks of Diverse Marine Molluscs Suggests Convergent Chemical Defenses

Some marine molluscs, notably sea hares, cuttlefish, squid, and octopus, release ink when attacked by predators. The sea hare Aplysia californica releases secretions from the ink gland and opaline gland that protect individuals from injury or death from predatory spiny lobsters through a combination of mechanisms that include chemical deterrence, sensory disruption, and phagomimicry. The latter two mechanisms are facilitated by millimolar concentrations of free amino acids (FAA) in sea hare ink and opaline, which stimulate the chemosensory systems of predators, ultimately leading to escape by sea hares. We hypothesize that other inking molluscs use sensory disruption and/or phagomimicry as a chemical defense. To investigate this, we examined concentrations of 21 FAA and ammonium in the defensive secretions of nine species of inking molluscs: three sea hares (Aplysia californica, Aplysia dactylomela, Aplysia juliana) and six cephalopods (cuttlefish: Sepia officinalis; squid: Loligo pealei, Lolliguncula brevis, Dosidicus gigas; octopus: Octopus vulgaris, Octopus bimaculoides). We found millimolar levels of total FAA and ammonium in these secretions, and the FAA in highest concentration were taurine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, and lysine. Crustaceans and fish, which are major predators of these molluscs, have specific receptor systems for these FAA. Our chemical analysis supports the hypothesis that inking molluscs have the potential to use sensory disruption and/or phagomimicry as a chemical defense.
Radiation effects in five volt and advanced lower voltage DRAMs

This work examines the effects of ionizing radiation on highly scaled DRAMs. Several 4 Mb and 16 Mb DRAMs with 5.0, 3.6, and 3.3 volt memory arrays are compared. A novel approach using memory cell retention time is introduced and applied that allows insight into the effects of radiation on individual devices within a DRAM array. Data from this new application of retention time exhibits significant changes due to ionizing radiation, even at low levels where other device parameters do not change significantly. The parameter, /spl tau/ (50%), is introduced that helps classify DRAM radiation response. Data are presented showing that there are two different damage mechanisms that affect DRAM radiation response. Finally, a relationship between threshold voltage and retention time is shown for several DRAMs. >
Reflector/feed(s) synthesis challenges for satellite contour beam applications

A newly developed generalized reflector/feed(s) diffraction synthesis methodology that is capable of synthesizing various antenna configurations effectively is presented. Based on this synthesis method, the feasibility of several CBRA (contour beam reflector antenna) configurations, such as a paraboloidal reflector fed by a large array, a shaped reflector illuminated by a single feed, and a shaped reflector fed by a small, array, are properly assessed for a representative application in a unified fashion. Numerical examples are given to illustrate CBRA synthesis for a challenging and difficult contour coverage-the US Eastern Time Zone. >
Kinetic and magnetic measurements on the radical decomposition of a cobalt oxygen carrier

Paramagnetic complexes of Co(II) acetate with amine ligands absorb irreversibly molecular oxygen. The adducts are diamagnetic and decompose thermally, via a radical mechanism, to paramagnetic Co(II) species. Oxygen absorption can be repeated after addition of fresh amine. The time dependence of the magnetic susceptibility and the kinetics of free radical polymerization of styrene, initiated by the radicals, permit an insight into the mechanistic features of the decomposition. Paramagnetische Komplexe von Co(II)-acetat mit Amin-Liganden absorbieren irreversibel molekularen Sauerstoff. Die Addukte sind diamagnetisch und zersetzen sich thermisch zu paramagnetischen Co(II) Spezies, wobei Radikale entstehen. Nach Zugabe von frischem Amin kann wieder Sauerstoff absorbiert werden. Hinwise auf den Mechanismus der Zersetzung werden aus der Zeitabhangigkeit der magnetischen Suszeptibilitat, sowie aus der Kinetik der durch die Radikale initiierten Polymerisation von Styrol erhalten.
Rapid replication of polymeric and metallic high aspect ratio microstructures using PDMS and LIGA technology

This paper present a method of rapid replication of polymeric high aspect ratio microstructures (HARMs) and a method of rapid reproduction of metallic micromold inserts for HARMs using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) casting and standard LIGA processes. A high aspect ratio (HAR) metallic micromold insert, featuring a variety of test microstructures made of electroplated nickel with 15:1 height-to-width ratio for 300 μm microstructures, was fabricated by the standard LIGA process using deep X-ray lithography (DXRL). A 10:1 mixture of pre-polymer PDMS and a curing agent were cast onto the HAR metallic micromold insert, cured and peeled off to create reverse images of the HAR metallic micromold insert in PDMS. In addition to the replication of polymeric HARMs, replicated PDMS HARMS were coated with a metallic sacrificial layer and electroplated in nickel to reproduce another metallic micromold insert. This method can be used to rapidly and massively reproduce HAR metallic micromold inserts in low cost mass production manner without further using DXRL.
Animal Assisted Activity with Older Adult Retirement Facility Residents: The PAWSitive Visits Program

Animal assisted activity (AAA) programs offer widespread physiological, social, and emotional benefits to recipient populations, particularly older adults. While AAA is common in nursing homes, it is less common in retirement residences where individuals are often suffering from the stress of relocating and transitioning to a more dependent lifestyle. PAWSitive Visits (PV) is a weekly AAA visitation program conducted in a group-setting at a Midwestern retirement residence that brings an array of domestic and exotic animal species for the residents to interact with. PV strives to provide educational opportunities for the residents, facilitating their social engagement, eliciting memories of previously owned pets, and offering intergenerational activities. It also provides meaningful learning experiences for students (e.g., nursing and veterinary medical students) who affiliate with the program. The conceptual model for PV is the threefold notion of attachment, reciprocity, and unconditional acceptance that...
Corpus Expansion for Statistical Machine Translation with Semantic Role Label Substitution Rules

We present an approach of expanding parallel corpora for machine translation. By utilizing Semantic role labeling (SRL) on one side of the language pair, we extract SRL substitution rules from existing parallel corpus. The rules are then used for generating new sentence pairs. An SVM classifier is built to filter the generated sentence pairs. The filtered corpus is used for training phrase-based translation models, which can be used directly in translation tasks or combined with baseline models. Experimental results on Chinese-English machine translation tasks show an average improvement of 0.45 BLEU and 1.22 TER points across 5 different NIST test sets.
Historical and Chemical Traces of an Ozark Cemetery for Enslaved African-Americans: A Study of Silhouette Burials in Benton County, Arkansas:

The identification of human graves in situations where there is little or no evidence of skeletal material or coffins has been a problem for archaeologists. In the spring of 1998, the Arkansas Archaeological Survey was hired to find the location of the lost Anderson family slave cemetery on property slated for a new airport. Field methods included front end loader blading and hand excavated units. The location of the slave cemetery on a low knoll in an agricultural floodplain was only identifiable by three features of disturbed soil thought to be grave-fill and the chemical remains of human burials. One feature contained a light colored stain identified as the archaeological phenomenon referred to variously as a ghost, silhouette, shadow, or degraded burial. In an attempt to confirm human burial by soil analysis, chemical tests were run on a limited number of samples for total digestion and exchangeable levels of elements present in human bodies. This study examines several elements that previous investigators have suggested as reliable indicators for silhouette burials. Because of frequent inundation and the addition of phosphorus to the field as a fertilizer, only the ratio of Zn/Cu is indicative of possible human burial. Zn/Cu ratios show clearly elevated levels at burial depth in the suspected cemetery features relative to control samples.
Determining Harmonic Power Flow Direction of Nonlinear Load in Power Network

The direction of harmonic power flow should be understood and the position of harmonic source can be determined according to the direction of harmonic power while harmonics exist in power network. Stating from the simplest nonlinear circuit and by means of comparing the calculation results of conventional circuit and analysis results in frequency domain, the features of forming harmonic power by nonlinear load are summarized, the method to determine the direction of harmonic power is proposed and electric energy metering of nonlinear power loads is dissertated. These works provide foundation for further improvement of electric energy metering in engineering.
Analysis of Li Er-qu's Concept of“Shiyong”Based on Noumenon

Li Er-qu抯 thoughts of Shiyong is on the basis of noumenon(Xinxing-Benti). The presupposition of the function of noumenon is the establishment and fulfillment of noumenon in the course of cultivation; the manifestation of the function of noumenon is reflected in its guidance as a supreme standard of morality in the cause of external participation of the Confucian in society. Only through the combination of the function of noumenon and knowledge and capability, can it be carried out in the practical activities of human beings. The supreme world of the function of noumenon refers to a return to noumenon itself.
Control of Migration during Intrathymic T Cell Development

The thymus is a specialized environment that promotes maturation of polyclonal, self-MHC restricted, and self-tolerant T cells. Developing thymocytes migrate through distinct thymic microenvironments, where they interact with heterogeneous stromal cells that provide signals critical for sequential stages of T cell differentiation. Immature thymic progenitors reside in the thymic cortex, where they integrate signals promoting T-lineage commitment, survival, proliferation, and differentiation. At later stages of development, thymocytes translocate to the medulla, where they encounter antigen-presenting cells that induce tolerance of thymocytes expressing autoreactive T cell receptors. Thymocyte tolerance can be accomplished through multiple mechanisms: the cells can undergo apoptosis, become anergic, or differentiate into the regulatory T cell lineage. Here, we will first review the coordination of thymocyte development with intrathymic localization, and the critical signals thymocytes receive in different thymic microenvironments. We will then focus on migratory cues governing intrathymic localization of developing T cells and thymic stromal cells, with an emphasis on signals important for the induction of central tolerance.
Individual case photogrammetric calibration of the Hirschberg Ratio (HR) for corneal light reflection test strabometry.

Purpose The HR (prism diopters [PD] per mm of corneal light reflection test [CLRT] asymmetry for strabometry) varies in humans from 14 to 24 PD/mm, but is totally unpredictable. Photo(grammetric) HR calibration in (of) each case facilitates acceptable strabometry precision and accuracy. Method Take 3 flash photos of the patient with both the preferred eye and then the deviating eye fixating straight ahead and then again with the deviation eye fixing at (+/-5-10 PD) the strabismic angle on a metric rule (stick) one meter away from the camera lens (where 1 cm = 1 PD). Results On these 3 photos, make four precise measurements of the position of the CLR with reference to the limbus: In the deviating eye fixing straight ahead and fixating at the angle of deviation. Divide the mm difference in location into the change in the angle of fixation to determine the HR for this patient at this angle. Then determine the CLR position in both the deviating eye and the fixing eye in the straight ahead primary position picture. Apply the calculated calibrated HR to the asymmetry of the CLRs in primary position to determine the true strabismic deviation. Conclusions This imaging method insures accurate Hirschberg CLRT strabometry in each case, determining the deviation in "free space", under conditions of normal binocular viewing, uncontaminated by the artifacts or inaccuracies of other conventional strabometric methods or devices. So performed, the Hirschberg CLRT is the gold standard of strabometry.
Labeling of the Amphiuma erythrocyte K+/H+ exchanger with H2DIDS.

Subsequent to swelling, the Amphiuma red blood cells lose K+, Cl-, and water until normal cell volume is restored. Net solute loss is the result of K+/H+ and Cl-/HCO3- exchangers functionally coupled through changes in pH and therefore HCO3-. Whereas the Cl-/HCO3- exchanger is constitutively active, K+/H+ actively is induced by cell swelling. The constitutive Cl-/HCO3- exchanger is inhibited by low concentrations ( 25 microM irreversibly modifies the K+/H+ exchanger in swollen cells. We exploited the volume-dependent irreversible low-affinity reaction between H2DIDS and the K+/H+ to identify the protein(s) associated with K+/H+ exchange activity. Labeling of the membrane proteins of intact cells with 3H2DIDS results in high-affinity labeling of a broad 100-kDa band, thought to be the anion exchanger. Additional swelling-dependent low-affinity labeling at 110 kDa suggests the possibility of a volume-induced population of anion exchangers. Finally, the correlation between volume-sensitive K+/H+ modification and low-affinity labeling suggests that transport activity is associated with a protein of approximately 85 kDa. Although a 55-kDa protein is also labeled, it is a less likely candidate, since label incorporation and transport modification are less well correlated than that of the 85- and 110-kDa proteins.
Inhibition of Prostaglandin Production in Malignant Tumors: Implications to Radiotherapy

It is a predominant view that prostaglandins (PGs) stimulate tumor growth and spread, and that they do this through their immunosuppressive actions (1). Treatment of tumor hosts with PG-inhibiting agents, such as indomethacin (INDO), has frequently been reported to result in tumor growth retardation and inhibition of tumor spread. This activity of PG-inhibiting agents has commonly been attributed to the increased antitumor immune resistance due to inhibition of immunosuppressive PGs. Tumor response to INDO treatment is variable, with only a fraction of tumors showing a good response, evidenced usually as retardation of tumor growth. Hence, the therapeutic potential of INDO and other PG-inhibiting agents can be expected to be achieved only when these agents are combined with other treatment modalities.
From The Ancient Constitution to Barbarism and Religion; The Machiavellian Moment, the history of political thought and the history of historiography

Since writing the introductory chapter of The Ancient Constitution and the Feudal Law (ACFL),1 I have been concerned with the two kinds of intellectual history named in the above title. ‘Political ...
Relevant social and spatial contexts for elementary school children: An examination of multiple scales

This study examined direct area-level effects of 4 common child well-being outcomes across multiple scales of residential and school neighborhoods to identify relevant contexts for measuring neighborhood effects on elementary school children. Results from growth curve models indicate that neighborhoods operationalized as residential and school census tracts exerted similar effect sizes while neighborhoods operationalized as school attendance zones showed attenuated effects. These results suggest that it may be reasonable to interchange residential and school census tracts when examining contextual effects on child well-being. In addition, results suggest that school attendance zones represent conservative, theoretically sound neighborhoods for elementary school children.
Derivatives of Self-intersection Local Times

We show that the renormalized self-intersection local time \(\gamma_t(x)\) for both the Brownian motion and symmetric stable process in R1 is differentiable in the spatial variable and that \(\gamma'_t(0)\) can be characterized as the continuous process of zero quadratic variation in the decomposition of a natural Dirichlet process. This Dirichlet process is the potential of a random Schwartz distribution. Analogous results for fractional derivatives of self-intersection local times in R1 and R2 are also discussed.
The F 420 -Reducing Hydrogenase of Methanospirillum hungatei Srain GPl

The F420-reducing hydrogenase (H2ase) of Methanospirillum hungatei was isolated from spheroplast lysates by sedimentation, followed by either sucrose gradients or nickel-affinity chromatography, and gel filtration. Most of the enzyme was free of the cytoplasmic membrane, although isolated membranes retained ca. 15% of the F420-reducing H2ase activity. The brown H2ase protein had an absorption spectrum characteristic of a nonheme iron protein. In electron micrographs it was a coin-shaped, multisubunit protein of 15.9 nm diameter with a central depression on one surface. During chromatography on phenyl Sepharose the H2ase exhibited hydrophobic properties. Labeling with the isoprenoid precursor, [14C]-mevalonate, and lipid analysis of the H2ase CHCl3/MeOH extracts, established that lipid was associated with the enzyme. This association appears to result from membrane contamination of the hydrophobic enzyme. The holoenzyme was about 720 kDa and contained 6–7 Ni2+ atoms. H2-dependent reduction of F420 activity was readily, but transiently, reactivated by anaerobic conditions following exposure of the enzyme to air. Mg2+ or Ca2+ were stimulatory. The holoenzyme was composed of α-subunits of 51 kDa, and 30–31 kDa β and γ subunits of nearly identical mass. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the first 20–25 residues were very similar in β and γ subunits. Comparisons made to sequences known for other H2ases, established that the M. hungatei H2ase was quite different. Antibody raised against the purified hydrogenase of strain GP1 gave negative reactions with extracts of nine other methanogens, and a reaction of identity with M. hungatei strain JF1 and Methanosarcina barkeri strain MS.
Cholinergic signaling in myelination

There is a long history of research on acetylcholine (ACh) function in myelinating glia, but a resurgence of interest recently as a result of the therapeutic potential of manipulating ACh signaling to promote remyelination, and the broader interest in neurotransmitter signaling in activity-dependent myelination. Myelinating glia express all the major types of muscarinic and nicotinic ACh receptors at different stages of development, and acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase are highly expressed in white matter. This review traces the history of research on ACh signaling in Schwann cells, oligodendrocytes, and in the myelin sheath, and summarizes current knowledge on the intracellular signaling and functional consequences of ACh signaling in myelinating glia. Implications of ACh in diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and white matter toxicity caused by pesticides are considered, together with an outline of major questions for future research. GLIA 2017;65:687-698.
Cadmium Bis(phenyldithiocarbamate) as a Nanocrystal Shell-Growth Precursor

Cadmium bis(phenyldithiocarbamate) [Cd(PTC)2] is prepared and structurally characterized. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n. A one-dimensional polymeric structure is adopted in the solid state, having bridging PTC ligands and 6-coordinate pseudo-octahedral Cd atoms. The compound is soluble in DMSO, THF, and DMF and insoluble in EtOH, MeOH, CHCl3, CH2Cl2, and toluene. {CdSe[n-octylamine]0.53} quantum belts and Cd(PTC)2 react to deposit epitaxial CdS shells on the nanocrystals. With an excess of Cd(PTC)2, the resulting thick shells contain spiny CdS nodules grown in the Stranski–Krastanov mode. Stoichiometric control affords smooth, monolayer CdS shells. A base-catalyzed reaction pathway is elucidated for the conversion of Cd(PTC)2 to CdS, which includes phenylisothiocyanate and aniline as intermediates, and 1,3-diphenylthiourea as a final product.
Essential design steps to ensure that autonomous vehicles meet EMC requirements

Complying with automotive EMC requirements is not difficult. If a product is non-compliant, there is a good chance that the designer failed to do one of the following things.
Monocyte DPP4 Expression in Human Atherosclerosis Is Associated With Obesity and Dyslipidemia.

Studies including ours indicate that systemic inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), an ubiquitously expressed peptidase, by pharmaceutical inhibitors improved atherosclerosis (1,2). However, the role of immune cell–derived DPP4 is not well defined in atherosclerosis. Our previous work demonstrated that DPP4 expression on monocytes/macrophages was increased in obesity and associated with the degree of insulin resistance (3). To test if the obesity-related increase of monocyte DPP4 plays a role in vascular disease, we investigated the relationship of monocyte DPP4 expression with human aortic atherosclerosis, obesity, and lipid metabolism. A total of 14 control volunteers and 27 atherosclerotic patients without diagnosed heart, lung, or liver diseases and without prescription drugs (except ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers) were selected from Aliskiren Effect on Aortic Plaque Progression (ALPINE), a phase 4 clinical trial (clinical trial reg. no. NCT01417104, clinicaltrials.gov). Presence of aortic atherosclerotic plaque (Fig. 1 A ) was confirmed by high-resolution three-dimensional MRI. Figure 1 A : High-resolution three-dimensional dark-blood MRI was used to confirm the aortic atherosclerotic plaque in patients with atherosclerotic disease. Arrows indicate the thickening of the aortic wall. Scale bars, 10 mm. B and C : DPP4 expression on circulating immune cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from healthy volunteers, and CD11b+ monocyte and CD3+ T cells were gated for …
Rechargeable Zinc-Aqueous Polysulfide Battery with a Mediator-Ion Solid Electrolyte

Large-scale energy storage for the electric grid will require low-cost and high-energy-density solutions. We demonstrate in this letter a rechargeable zinc-aqueous polysulfide battery in which a metallic zinc anode is separated from a liquid aqueous polysulfide catholyte by an alkali-metal-ion solid-state electrolyte, wherein the alkali metal ion is Na+ or Li+. The solid-state electrolyte effectively separates the anode from the reactive polysulfide catholyte, preventing the crossover of the polysulfide species and maintaining good electrochemical performance with a reversible discharge capacity of 822 mA h g–1 with nearly 100% Coulombic efficiency.
Using simulation with interprofessional team training to improve RRT/code performance

Abstract Early recognition of and response to changes in patients' conditions are a National Patient Safety Goal. Rapid Response Teams (RRTs) are one safety strategy aimed at early recognition of signs and symptoms of clinical deterioration and reduction in rates of cardiopulmonary arrest and death in hospitalized patients. Mock codes and RRTs are another strategy for improving outcomes.The Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center(CMCVAMC) used data from the American Heart Association National Registry of Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation to create an interprofessional, collaborative program using simulation. The program included: review of emergency responses and hands-on sessions with crash cart equipment, airway management, and BLS skills, followed by a mock RRT and Code with debriefing. Participants in this quality improvement initiative were nurses, physicians, anesthetists, pharmacists, and respiratory therapists. They evaluated the simulation as a positive learning experience. Staff and patient outcomes were improved after the program. The program engaged staff and promoted interprofessional collaboration that may ultimately improve the quality of patient care.
Capturing the everyday magic of play

Although technology is evolving to connect people in new and exciting ways, it still falls short of truly embracing the power of human connection. And for kids, that gap is all too evident. It is time to take a step back and let children inspire us to create technology that supports truly magical experiences. Designing "for" kids will disrupt the trajectory of telepresence and help us create environments that embody new forms of copresence. This talk with reflect on my years of research examining children playing together with technology. This work started with supporting children's play through multiple mice on a desktop computer, and evolved to include shared experiences with a plethora of telepresence prototypes. Although the insights gained from this work have been enlightening, I am still disappointed with the current offerings we have to support children's remote play. Not only do our kids deserve better, I believe they can inspire new evolutions in this space, if we make them a priority in our design.
Mechanistic Studies of CO Oxidation on Highly Dispersed Gold Catalysts for Use in Room-Temperature Air Purification

Abstract Among gold catalysts supported on Co3O4, α-Fe2O3, and TiO2, turnover frequencies for CO oxidation based on surface gold atoms were almost independent of the catalytic activity of support oxides but significantly dependent on the diameter of gold particles. The rate of CO oxidation is independent or only slightly dependent on the concentration of CO and O2. A mechanism is proposed in which CO adsorbed on gold migrates toward the support oxide and there reacts with adsorbed O2− to form bidentate carbonate species.