cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 and phorbol ester mediate the expression of alkaline phosphatase in NB4 acute promyelocytic leukemia cells

Both 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1alpha,25(OH)2D3] and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate [PMA] are cytodifferentiation agents regulating myeloid cell line differentiation along the monocyte/macrophage pathway. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity has been reported to be absent or present at low levels in monocytes/macrophages. In the present study, the acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line (NB4) was found to undergo monocyte/macrophage differentiation and strongly express ALP activity after exposure to the combination of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 and PMA treatment. The ALP stimulation was both dose- and time-dependent with the ED50 doses for 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 and PMA at 2 x 10(-10) M and 4 x 10(-11) M, respectively. Assessment of the cell morphology via cell adherence, phagocytosis and ALP staining confirmed that NB4 cells treated by 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 plus PMA showed macrophage characteristics, but were also strongly stained with ALP. The present study is the first report that NB4 cells express ALP activity as a consequence of combination treatment with 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 and PMA.
Pheromone emission and blend percentages inEoreuma loftini determined by two methods.

Calling behavior and pheromone emission by virgin femaleE. loftini moths were investigated in laboratory experiments. Calling peaked during the last three hours of the night. Three-day-old moths called more than older or younger moths and began calling earlier in the night than younger moths. Female emissions were collected in flasks without airflow and cylinders with airflow. Control tests indicated that the pheromone components (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (HDA) and (Z)-13-octadecenylacetate (ODA) were 69 and 54% adsorbed on moths, respectively, and the component (Z)-13-octadecenal (ODL) was 92–99% adsorbed depending on its concentration, when put into flasks with noncalling females for 4 hr. Pheromone exposed to moths for less than 4 hr was adsorbed less. After correction for adsorption, the pheromone blend from females calling in flasks was 9:42:49% of HDA/ODL/ODA with an overall emission rate of 58 ng/female/4 hr. Three-day-old females emitted more pheromone than 0- to 2- or 4- to 5-day-old moths, in flasks. Little or no pheromone put into cylinders either downwind or upwind from a male moth was adsorbed by the moth. The pheromone blends from females calling in cylinders, corrected using downwind and upwind control test results, respectively, were 15:35:50 and 13:40:48% of HDA/ODL/ODA with overall emission rates of 32 and 35 ng/female/night.
Engaging the Orisa: An Exploration of the Yoruba Concepts of Ibeji and Olokun as Theoretical Principles in Black Theology

AbstractThe author contends in this essay that the thematic scope of Black theology can be significantly broadened through a consideration of tensive aspects and mysterious elements in African Diasporic religions. These motifs are explored through a theoretical examination of Ibeji and Olokun, two Yoruba principles encompassing tensionality, mystery, and a superabundance of meaning. The study counteracts a form of positivism found in James Cone's articulation of liberation and in the works of other Black theologians who embrace his formulation. This feature of Black theology is problematic, for it functions to distort and downplay the great complexity of Black religious experience. If Black Theology is to maximize its relevance, meaning, and impact in the Black Atlantic Diaspora, then it must identify and develop new discursive trajectories such as the one offered herein. The author's approach adds to those utilized by Charles Long, George Thomas, Josiah Young, Dianne Stewart, and others.
Symbolic time series analysis for anomaly detection: a comparative evaluation

Recent literature has reported a novel method for anomaly detection in complex dynamical systems, which relies on symbolic time series analysis and is built upon the principles of automata theory and pattern recognition. This paper compares the performance of this symbolic-dynamics-based method with that of other existing pattern recognition techniques from the perspectives of early detection of small anomalies. Time series data of observed process variables on the fast time-scale of dynamical systems are analyzed at slow time-scale epochs of (possible) anomalies. The results are derived from experiments on a nonlinear electronic system with a slowly varying dissipation parameter.
Long-term outcomes of adults with features of VACTERL association

VACTERL association involves the presence of specific congenital, multi-organ malformations that tend to co-occur. Clinical and research efforts typically center on pediatric patients, and there is a scarcity of information in the literature regarding VACTERL-related issues and outcomes in adulthood. We describe here 11 adults with features of VACTERL association ascertained through our research study on the condition. In our cohort of adult patients, approximately 25% of medically significant malformations that are component features of VACTERL association, including 40% of vertebral, 50% of cardiac, and 50% of renal anomalies, were not identified during childhood. Additionally, medical sequelae of many of the primary malformations identified in infancy or early childhood persist or are first reported in adulthood. These sequelae can involve challenging medical and surgical management in adulthood. As most adults with VACTERL association are not specifically followed for VACTERL-related issues, a more uniform diagnostic work-up and a low threshold for investigation of medical sequelae of the primary disorder may enhance the quality of clinical management in these patients.
A system dynamics evaluation model and methodology for instructional technology support

The purpose of the study was to develop a dynamic model through which to understand the variables that are important determinants of the success or failure of implementing technology-enhanced learning environments within higher education. A system dynamics approach was uniquely suited for this study because it provides a means to investigate complex and dynamic situations. Existing research and program history was used to determine the model architecture and determinant variables. Data from different support efforts will be needed to validate and calibrate the resulting model.
Osteopathic manipulative treatment for postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is associated with many symptoms including orthostatic intolerance, fatigue, palpitations, and cognitive dysfunction. Treatment, which typically consists of exercise, increased dietary sodium and fluids, compression garments, and medications for orthostatic intolerance, frequently produces unsatisfactory results. The authors report the case of a 26-year-old woman who presented with a 6-year history of severe fatigue, orthostatic intolerance, heat intolerance, cognitive dysfunction, and diffuse pain. She had previously injured her jaw on an obstacle course. Results of a standing test were consistent with POTS. After standard medical therapy was unsuccessful, the patient was referred for osteopathic manipulative treatment. At her 18-month follow-up, the patient's symptoms had improved dramatically. Physicians should consider osteopathic evaluation and manipulative treatment when caring for patients with POTS.
Pre‐emption and paradox

The series of events leading up to the US invasion of Iraq on 19 March 2003 is examined from the perspective of theoretical and practical rationality and in the light of The National Security Strategy of the United States of America, the Charter of the United Nations (1945) and elements of just war theory. Strikingly, even without assuming the authority of the Charter of the United Nations and the validity of just war theory, the decision to wage war pre‐emptively and outside the bounds of international law proves to be equally unjustifiable on pragmatic grounds alone.
Four Trends Leading to Java Runtime Bloat

Today, programmers work in an environment of rapid global development of large-scale applications that have become increasingly interconnected. These drivers are the backdrop for four important software engineering trends: the wide adoption of object-oriented principles, the pervasive use of abstractions, system and data integration, and the increasing need for software flexibility. Programmers no longer write monolithic applications; they assemble code from a sea of reuseable libraries and frameworks. Many programmers believe that improved productivity always outweighs any resulting loss in performance, but experience with large Java applications doesn't support this belief.
Increased Negative Superhelical Density in Vivo Enhances the Genetic Instability of Triplet Repeat Sequences

The influence of negative superhelical density on the genetic instabilities of long GAA·TTC, CGG·CCG, and CTG·CAG repeat sequences was studied in vivo in topologically constrained plasmids in Escherichia coli. These repeat tracts are involved in the etiologies of Friedreich ataxia, fragile X syndrome, and myotonic dystrophy type 1, respectively. The capacity of these DNA tracts to undergo deletions-expansions was explored with three genetic-biochemical approaches including first, the utilization of topoisomerase I and/or DNA gyrase mutants, second, the specific inhibition of DNA gyrase by novobiocin, and third, the genetic removal of the HU protein, thus lowering the negative supercoil density (–σ). All three strategies revealed that higher –σ in vivo enhanced the formation of deleted repeat sequences. The effects were most pronounced for the Friedreich ataxia and the fragile X triplet repeat sequences. Higher levels of –σ stabilize non-B DNA conformations (i.e. triplexes, sticky DNA, flexible and writhed DNA, slipped structures) at appropriate repeat tracts; also, numerous prior genetic instability investigations invoke a role for these structures in promoting the slippage of the DNA complementary strands. Thus, we propose that the in vivo modulation of the DNA structure, localized to the repeat tracts, is responsible for these behaviors. Presuming that these interrelationships are also found in humans, dynamic alterations in the chromosomal nuclear matrix may modulate the –σ of certain DNA regions and, thus, stabilize/destabilize certain non-B conformations which regulate the genetic expansions-deletions responsible for the diseases.
An economic lot-sizing echnique: II mathematical analysis of the part-period algorithm

The Part Period Algorithm discussed in Part I is compared with optimal solutions, determining the maximum deviations possible. Optimality of the algorithm is established for the case of constant demand. Performance characteristics are compared with those of the Least Unit Cost algorithm.
Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitor Angioedema Requiring Admission to an Intensive Care Unit

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to review consecutive cases of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor angioedema admitted to an intensive care unit. Methods Fifty subjects with ACE-inhibitor angioedema admitted from 1998-2011 were reviewed. Results All 50 subjects were men, 62.8 ± 8.4 years of age, 76% African Americans. Fifteen (30%) required ventilatory support and 2 (4%) required tracheostomy. Over half (56%) had taken ACE inhibitors for over a year. Logistic regression identified dyspnea and tongue involvement with the need for ventilatory support ( P 2 = 45.2 ± 6.7; P = 0.046) also identified patients needing ventilatory support. Conclusions Ventilatory support was provided for about one-third of those with ACE inhibitor-associated angioedema. Angioedema can occur even after extended use. Dyspnea and tongue involvement identified patients requiring ventilatory support.
Fine-Grained Energy-Efficient Sorting on a Many-Core Processor Array

Data centers require significant and growing amounts of power to operate, and with increasing numbers of data centers worldwide, power consumption for enterprise workloads is a significant concern. Sorting is a key computational kernel in large database systems, and the development of energy efficient sorting capabilities would therefore significantly reduce data center power usage. We propose highly parallel sorting algorithms and mappings using a modular design for a fine-grained many-core system that greatly decreases the amount of energy consumed to perform sorts of arbitrarily large data sets. The memory, computational, and nearest-neighbor inter-processor communication hardware of the many-core processor array require relatively small die area. We present the design and implementation of several sorting variants that perform the first phase of an external sort. They are built using program kernels operating on independent processors in a many-core array with 256 bytes of data memory and fewer than 128 instructions per processor. The algorithms employed are simple and the vast majority of processors contain identical programs. Compared to a quicksort implementation on an Intel Core 2 Duo T9600 the highest throughput design achieves up to 27× higher throughput per chip area, and the most energy efficient sort yields a 330× reduction in energy dissipated per sorted block. Compared to a radix sort implementation on a GPU, the highest throughput design achieves up to 22× higher throughput per chip area, and the most energy efficient sort yields a 750× reduction in energy dissipated per sorted block.
Residual stresses in continuous-tungsten-fibre-reinforced Kanthal-matrix composites

Residual stresses were measured in four Kanthal matrix-continuous-tungsten-fibre composites (with different tungsten fibre volume fractions V f = 10, 20, 30 and 70 vol.%) using neutron diffraction. Parallel to the fibres the stress in the Kanthal ranged from 40 MPa ( V f = 10 vol.%) to 1100 MPa ( V f = 70 vol.%) compared with m1877 MPa ( V f = 10 vol.%) to m400 MPa ( V f = 70 vol.%) for the tungsten. Perpendicular to the fibres the stress ranged from m52 MPa ( V f = 10 vol.%) to 620 MPa ( V f = 70 vol.%) in the Kanthal compared with m778 MPa ( V f = 10vol.%) to m195 MPa ( V f = 70 vol.%) in the tungsten. Assuming that the measured residual stresses were solely thermal in origin, predictions were made using concentric cylinder and finite-element models. In the absence of hardening data the assumed material behaviour was elastic-perfectly plastic and the predictions underestimated the measured stresses for all volume fractions. Nevertheless the model results were consistent with the experimental measurement...
The arterial baroreflex: functional organization and involvement in neurologic disease.

ABP = arterial blood pressure; ASIC = acid-sensing channels; AVP = arginine vasopressin; CVL = caudal ventrolateral medulla; DBH = dopamine-β-hydroxylase; DegENa = degenerin/epithelial sodium channels; DOPS = dihydroxyphenylserine; GABA = γ-aminobutyric acid; HSANIII = hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III; MSA = multiple system atrophy; NA = nucleus ambiguus; nAChR = nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; NMDA = N-methyl-d-aspartate; NO = nitric oxide; NTS = nucleus of the solitary tract; OH = orthostatic hypotension; PAF = pure autonomic failure; PVN = paraventricular nuclei; RVLM = rostral ventrolateral medulla; SON = supraoptic nuclei; TRP = transient receptor potential. The arterial baroreceptor reflex, or baroreflex, is the most important mechanism for moment-to-moment control of arterial blood pressure (ABP). The baroreflex buffers acute fluctuations of ABP that occur during changes in posture, exercise, emotion, and other conditions. Neurologic disorders affecting central or peripheral baroreflex mechanisms may manifest with paroxysmal hypertension, reflex syncope, or neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (OH). Recent insights into the transduction mechanisms, central pathways, and effectors of the baroreflex provide the basis for new pharmacologic approaches to these disorders. Regulation of ABP and tissue blood flow, both at rest and in response to changes in metabolic activity, posture, exercise, emotional stress, or hypoxia, depends on two groups of mechanisms. Feed-forward or “central command” mechanisms evoke cardiovascular changes that are part of generalized adaptive physiologic responses in situations such as stress and exercise. Feedback or reflex mechanisms allow a moment-to-moment control of ABP in response to inputs from peripheral cardiovascular, respiratory, vestibular, and other receptors. The arterial baroreflex is a critical cardiovascular reflex that provides a continuous buffering of acute fluctuations of ABP in situations such as changes in posture, exercise, and emotion. The baroreflex controls the two variables that determine ABP, cardiac output and total peripheral resistance. Activation of the baroreceptors in …
Natural resources, national income, and economic growth in Africa

Abstract Because standard measures of aggregate income such as gross domestic product (GDP) do not account for natural resource depletion, their use as gauges of economic performance tends to exaggerate the benefits of resource extraction. Accounting for natural resource depletion in 18 African countries indicates different patterns of growth than those suggested by GDP figures. Use of the revised measures in analyses of the link between exports and growth suggests that export expansion may generate increases in measured GDP without stimulating increased production. In contrast, real exchange rate alignment is correlated with growth in both conventional GDP and the revised accounts.
A structured connectionist unification algorithm

A connectionist unification algorithm is presented. It utilizes the fact that the most general unifier of two terms corresponds to a finest valid equivalence relation defined on a occurrence-label representation of the unification problem. The algorithm exploits the maximal parallelism inherent in the computation of such a finest valid equivalence relation while using only computational features of connectionism. It can easily be restricted to solve special forms of the unification problem such as the word problem, the matching problem, or the unification problem over infinite trees.
Indirect Experimental Evidence for the Existence of Hall and Pedersen Currents in the Auroral E Region

THE conductivity of the ionosphere can be expressed as a tensor containing three components—σ0, σ1 and σ2 representing, respectively, conductivity along the magnetic field (“longitudinal”), along an applied electric field itself perpendicular to the magnetic field (“transverse” or “Pedersen”1), and perpendicular to both the electric and magnetic fields (“Hall”2,3). A sample computation of Hall and Pedersen conductivities based on an electron density profile taken during auroral activity4 is shown in Fig. 1. For a given applied electric field independent of height the resultant current is obviously a function of height and can be computed from the geometry. It now seems that afternoon radio aurorae are basically reflexions from ion acoustic waves generated by a two-stream instability set up when electrons flow through the ions with a relative velocity some factor greater than the ion acoustic speed5–9. The auroral echoes are received only when the radial from the radar is perpendicular to the magnetic field, and most favourable circumstances occur when the electric current flows along this direction also.
Weak IR Modes as Structural Reporters via Dual-Frequency 2D IR Spectroscopy

Interactions of CN mode with CO and CC stretching modes in 2-cyanocoumarin were measured via dual-frequency 2D spectroscopy. Long-lived vibrational states were detected allowing a new 2D IR strategy which takes advantage of vibrational relaxation.
‘Class work’: producing privilege and social mobility in elite US secondary schools

Drawing upon two ethnographic studies of affluent and elite co-educational secondary schools in the United States, Weis and Cipollone spotlight the explicit ‘class work’ of a now highly insecure middle/upper middle class, as they attempt to maintain advantage via entrance to particularly located post-secondary destinations. Affirming the notion that class position must now be ‘won’ at both the individual and collective level, rather than constituting the ‘manner to which one is born,’ the authors track and theorize intensified preparation for and application to particular kinds of post-secondary destinations in an increasingly segmented national and international marketplace for higher education. Although the US media have taken note of such ‘application frenzy,’ little scholarly work tracks and theorizes this ‘frenzy’ as a distinctly ‘class process,’ one that represents intensified ‘class work’ at one and the same time as class ‘winners’ and ‘losers’ become ever more apparent in the larger global arena.
Modeling and testing the Gekko microprocessor, an IBM PowerPC derivative for Nintendo

This paper describes the approach used to model the memory circuits contained in the Gekko microprocessor and the delay testing that was done at functional speeds using these models. The combination of accurate memory models and good delay testing has produced a tenfold reduction in customer returns for this chip compared with prior PowerPC programs.
A General Concept of Dynamic Materials

Dynamic materials (DM) are defined as structures with parameters variable in space and time. Equivalent definition introduces DM as a union of material framework and the mass/momentum/energy fluxes between it and the environment. It is a thermodynamically open system supported by a non-stop exchange of said quantities.
Ethics and the future of preimplantation genetic diagnosis

The future growth of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) will depend on refinements in genetic knowledge and genetic analysis of blastomeres. Equally important, however, is an acceptance of the ethical legitimacy of parents using technologies to select genetic traits of offspring. Objections based on embryo status, the giftedness of reproduction, eugenics, and protecting the child's welfare are not convincing grounds to oppose most uses of PGD. Whether PGD should be accepted for new medical or non-medical uses should depend upon a careful assessment of the proposed use's importance to the person or couple requesting it, and the harmful effects, if any, which it might cause. Such an approach leads to the conclusion that most new medical uses of PGD and some non-medical uses should be permitted.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PHOSPHORUS - REDUCING TECHNOLOGIES IN PORK PRODUCTION

Soil phosphorus levels have increased as pork production has become concentrated. Phosphorus-based manure management regulations for land application have been proposed by policy makers. The objective of this study is to determine benefits/costs of adopting two alternatives for reducing phosphorus: synthetic amino acids or phytase. An optimization model is constructed to determine optimal excreted nitrogen and phosphorus from alternative feed ingredients. Results are derived using different manure storage and application systems. While the two alternatives are not least-cost ingredients, they become profitable when producers are constrained by land. An important result is that the net cost of manure is negative.
A dual-wavelength source with monolithically integrated electroabsorption modulators and Y-junction coupler by selective-area MOCVD

Three-step selective-area metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) is used to fabricate a dual wavelength InGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs quantum well laser source with integrated electroabsorption modulators and a passive Y-junction coupler. Threshold current values of 9.5 and 10.1 mA are obtained for two distinct wavelength sources operating continuous-wave (CW) coupled into the same output waveguide.
Developments in Trading Patterns in the Common Market and EFTA

Abstract The European Economic Community (EEC) was created in January, 1958. The European Free Trade Association (EFTA) was organized two years later with the intent to “catch up” within six months. These markets provide instances of two major types of discrimination, namely a customs union and a free-trade area. They have now functioned long enough to permit useful examination of the trading patterns that have developed in the wake of discrimination. The purpose of this article is to examine the trading relations of these two markets between 1960 and 1967 using a particular measure of trading intensity. The concern is changes in trading patterns and their causes rather than the welfare implications of such changes.
A comparison of health-related quality of life between older adults with heart failure and healthy older adults.

Background Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in older adults with heart failure may be affected by a variety of variables including aging. It is important to determine the unique impact of heart failure to more effectively improve HRQOL in this population. Objective The purpose of this study was to compare HRQOL and physical, psychologic, clinical, and sociodemographic status in older adults with and without heart failure. Methods The HRQOL of 90 older adults with heart failure and 116 healthy older adults was compared. The factors best associated with HRQOL in each group were determined using multiple regression model. Results HRQOL was substantially worse among older adults with heart failure than among healthy older adults. Older adults with heart failure had more severe physical and emotional symptoms, poorer functional status, and worse health perceptions. Physical symptom status was the strongest predictor of HRQOL in both groups. In addition, in older adults with heart failure, physical symptom status, age, and anxiety were related to HRQOL. Conclusion The poor HRQOL seen in patients with heart failure is not just a reflection of aging. Comprehensive interventions targeted toward the factors that specifically negatively impact HRQOL are essential in older adults with heart failure.
An RNS discrete Fourier transform implementation

A novel discrete Fourier transform (DFT) implementation is described. It is based on the union of number theoretic transforms, modular arithmetic, and distributed arithmetic. In order to achieve megahertz-class transform rates with a limited amount of hardware, several new technologies are integrated. To accelerate complex arithmetic speed, a new body of knowledge called the quadratic residue number system (QRNS) is employed. To overcome the overflow management problem introduced by the QRNS, a finite impulse response form of the DFT, known as the prime factor transform (PFT), is used. In order to implement the PFT and the required QRNS overflow scaling units, a fast and compact distributed arithmetic filter (DAF) and number system converter is designed. The integrated system is developed and analyzed in the context of existing semiconductor technology. The resulting machine is shown to potentially possess megahertz-class performance, over a 16- to 24-bit data dynamic range, in a limited amount of hardware. >
Exploration of epitaxial quantum dots within wide band gap metamorphic host materials for intermediate band solar cells

The use of metamorphic (lattice-mismatched) host materials for the growth of Stranski-Krastanov type epitaxial quantum dots (QDs) is explored. Two alloys that provide access to wide band gaps (up to and above 2.0 eV), GaAsP and InGaP, are considered and compared to their lattice-matched analogs. InGaAs/GaAsP QD/host structures are found to yield smaller and denser QDs, with a stronger photoluminescence (PL) blue-shift, than the equally-strained lattice-matched InGaAs/GaAs system. Metamorphic InP/InGaP QDs are found to appear nearly identical to the lattice-matched analogs, but do exhibit a slightly larger PL blue-shift. Results indicate the potential for using metamorphic substrates to provide additional tailoring of QD properties, in addition to providing access to QD/host materials combinations that are more consistent with intermediate band solar cell design requirements.
Pedagogical embodied conversational agent

A virtual reality instructor that autonomously trains a human learner in network virtual environments, respond to multi-modal input across computer networks, and applies proven pedagogical techniques during instruction has the potential to improve human learning performance anytime, anywhere, and at any pace. Building virtual instructors, however, have challenged researchers because of multidisciplinary expertise required in areas such as education, cognitive science, sociology, artificial intelligence, 3D computer graphics, linguistics, and more. This paper discusses a model for building human computer interactive virtual instructor systems using an innovative, system/software architecture.
Pinch Analysis for Energy Optimization

This article describes several methods in pinch analysis for energy and process integrated optimization. First, the energy targeting method is illustrated, which is a very powerful tool for identifying energy-saving opportunities. Second, the network pinch method is discussed, which is used for determining cost-effective HEN modifications. Finally, the process integration method for identifying process changes is explained. It has been demonstrated through many applications that integrated energy and process improvements can achieve much more significant benefits than doing energy modifications alone. Keywords: Pinch analysis; energy management; process integration; composite curves; CO2 emission
Splitter Theorems for Cubic Graphs

Let $\Gamma_{k,g}$ be the class of $k$-connected cubic graphs of girth at least $g$. For several choices of $k$ and $g$, we determine a set ${\cal O}_{k,g}$ of graph operations, for which, if $G$ and $H$ are graphs in $\Gamma_{k,g}$, $G\not\cong H$, and $G$ contains $H$ topologically, then some operation in ${\cal O}_{k,g}$ can be applied to $G$ to result in a smaller graph $G'$ in $\Gamma_{k,g}$ such that, on one hand, $G'$ is contained in $G$ topologically, and on the other hand, $G'$ contains $H$ topologically.
The Role of Identity in the Link between Relationship Thinking and Relationship Satisfaction

The link between a partner's thinking about the relationship and relationship satisfaction has been shown to be stronger for women than men. The main goal of this study was to examine the extent to which one's identity (rather than biological sex) moderates that link. In a survey of 238 couples (90 unmarried and 148 married), results indicated that, for unmarried couples, a general relational identity, or the tendency to see oneself in relation to others in general, moderated the association between positive relationship thinking and satisfaction. For married couples, a couple identity, or the tendency to see oneself as part of the specific relationship, moderated this association. These results were generally the same for both men and women, indicating that one's identity may be more important than biological sex in determining concurrent associations between relationship thinking and relationship satisfaction. However, longitudinal findings suggest that long-term outcomes of positive relationship thinki...
Comparison of Bacillus thuringiensis Corn Hybrids and Insecticide-Treated Isolines Exposed to Bivoltine European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in South Dakota

The performances of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn hybrids and permethrin-treated isolines were evaluated in South Dakota from 1997 to 1999. The corn hybrids were exposed to natural seasonal fluctuations of a bivoltine ecotype European corn borer population. Larval injury parameters, grain yields, and gross incomes were quantified during the 3-yr study. The use of either Bt hybrids or whorl-applied permethrin granules resulted in significant yield advantages in only 1 out of 3 yr of performance testing. Under high corn borer pressure in 1997, the performances of the Bt corn hybrids and permethrin-treated isolines were similar, and significantly better than the untreated isolines. However, injury-free corn did not necessarily translate into higher yields in some of the hybrid groups. Grain moisture at harvest, which can result in moisture penalty or dockage, was significantly higher in some Bt corn hybrids. Neither the Bt hybrids nor the permethrin-treated isolines produced significant advantages in yields in 1998 and 1999 when infestations of first-generation corn borer were almost nonexistent and infestations of second-generation European corn borers were moderate.
Comprehensive ex vivo transposon mutagenesis identifies genes that promote growth factor independence and leukemogenesis

Aberrant signaling through cytokine receptors and their downstream signaling pathways is a major oncogenic mechanism underlying hematopoietic malignancies. To better understand how these pathways become pathologically activated and to potentially identify new drivers of hematopoietic cancers, we developed a high-throughput functional screening approach using ex vivo mutagenesis with the Sleeping Beauty transposon. We analyzed over 1,100 transposon-mutagenized pools of Ba/F3 cells, an IL3-dependent pro-B-cell line, which acquired cytokine independence and tumor-forming ability. Recurrent transposon insertions could be mapped to genes in the JAK/STAT and MAPK pathways, confirming the ability of this strategy to identify known oncogenic components of cytokine signaling pathways. In addition, recurrent insertions were identified in a large set of genes that have been found to be mutated in leukemia or associated with survival, but were not previously linked to the JAK/STAT or MAPK pathways nor shown to functionally contribute to leukemogenesis. Forced expression of these novel genes resulted in IL3-independent growth in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo, validating this mutagenesis-based approach for identifying new genes that promote cytokine signaling and leukemogenesis. Therefore, our findings provide a broadly applicable approach for classifying functionally relevant genes in diverse malignancies and offer new insights into the impact of cytokine signaling on leukemia development.
Psychotherapeutic and Cognitive Remediation Approaches

As the medical management of epilepsy advanced, it became evident that a considerable number of patients with epilepsy (PWE), including those with well-controlled seizures, have psychological and cognitive problems and are in need of further support. The lifetime prevalence of depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and suicidal thoughts is all significantly higher in PWE than in the general public (Hermann, Seidenberg, & Jones, 2008). There are numerous psychosocial consequences associated with epilepsy, including stigmatization and social isolation (Morrell, 2002), which contribute to distress and poor coping with the disease. Cognitive impairment, particularly memory dysfunction, is experienced by many epilepsy patients, and these deficits negatively impact their functional and social independence. While ictal and postictal cognitive and behavioral disturbances have been long recognized and targeted in treatment, interictal disturbances in cognition and mood remain largely unaddressed, although in some individuals these problems may be more disabling than the seizures themselves.
The Capital Structure Decisions of Nascent Entrepreneurs

The capital financing resources used by nascententrepreneurs are examined. The two goals of the study are: (1) to discover hownascent entrepreneurs fund themselves, and (2) to explain the funding choicesthey make. Financial exchanges between small firms and funding sources areinefficient, marred by informational problems typical of small firm capitalmarkets and features of small firms and their owners. Hypotheses relating to capital sources utilized and their number, growthexpectations of nascent entrepreneurs, and teams of capital structure areexplored. To test the hypotheses, the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics(PSED) was used to identify 698 nascent entrepreneurs, and the finance-relatedvariables were derived and analyzed. Principal hypotheses confirmed include thefollowing: Because of the problems in the exchange between the startupentrepreneur and the private capital market, most nascent entrepreneurs usedinternal funding. Use of external funding is avoided by startups reportinglower levels of initial funding, compared to firms with higher levels ofinitial funding. To start their firms, nascent entrepreneurs will use few ofthe resources available to them. Also found that level of initial wealth is notpositively related to expectations of rapid growth, and that "solo"nascent entrepreneurs will not avoid debt financing, compared with team-basedstartups. Overall, concludes that entrepreneurs will use financial capital sourcesthat are responsive to their situation. In general, they will avoid externalfunding in preference to internal, close, relations-basedfunding.(TNM)
Race, Empire, and the Idea of Human Development: From modernism to messianism: reflections on the state of “development”

Following World War II, many of the same developmental themes that had dominated the theory and practice of imperialism in the nineteenth century reappeared. Of course, there were also important differences. For one thing, the growing differentiation and institutionalization of the social sciences in the intervening years meant that those themes were now articulated and elaborated within specialized academic disciplines. For another, the main field on which developmental theory and practice were deployed was no longer British – or, more broadly, European – imperialism but American neoimperialism. At the close of the war, the United States was not only the major military, economic, and political power left standing; it was also less implicated than European states in colonial domination abroad. The depletion of the colonial powers and the imminent breakup of their empires left it in a singular position to lead the reshaping of the postwar world. And it sought to do so in its own image and likeness, for it saw itself as the exemplar and apostle of a fully developed modernity. In this respect it was, in some ways, reiterating the self-understanding and self-regard of the classical imperial powers of the modern period. But, in other ways America's civilizing mission was marked by the exceptionalist strain in its political history and culture, which was given an influential formulation by Louis Hartz some fifty years ago. Picking up on Alexis de Tocqueville's observation that Americans were “born equal,” Hartz elaborated upon the uniqueness of their political experience as follows.
Hypertension as a risk factor for cardiac events--epidemiologic results of long-term studies.

Hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease, which imparts a threefold increased risk over that of normotensive persons the same age. It accelerates atherogenesis-promoting premature coronary disease, now its most common sequela. The effect of elevated blood pressure on cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality in general and on coronary disease incidence in particular is independent of the influence of other predisposing atherogenic cofactors but is greatly affected by them. Elevated blood pressure is more often than usual associated with hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, excessive weight, elevated fibrinogen, and electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, which enhance its impact
Transistors Built With ZrO2 And HfO2 Deposited From Nitratos

The electrical performance of transistors built using thin films of the column IVB metal oxides ZrO2 and HfO2 deposited from their respective anhydrous metal nitrate precursors is presented. In contrast to earlier work on TiO2, which is thermodynamically unstable on silicon, ZrO2 and HfO2 form well-defined oxynitride interfacial layers and have a good interface with silicon with much less fixed charge. The inversion layer mobility for an HfO2 / SiOxNy / Si stack is comparable to that of a conventional SiOxNy/Si interface.
93 STANDARDIZATION OF OXYGEN DISCHARGE CRITERIA IMPROVES OUTCOMES AT AN ACADEMIC HOSPITAL.

Purpose Several studies have been unable to demonstrate a positive impact of practice guidelines on health care outcomes. We report the effect on hospital length of stay (LOS), costs, and 30-day readmission rates following the implementation of evidence-based (EB) guideline for oxygen (O2) discharge in infants Methods We developed an EB guideline for infants Results There were 1,683 pre- and 2,553 postintervention admissions for bronchiolitis during the study period. The two groups were similar with respect to important clinical factors including severity of illness. Following the implementation of the guideline, the average LOS decreased significantly: 72.3 hours pre- versus 69.5 hours postintervention (p Conclusions The implementation of an EB O2 discharge guideline coupled with feeding back compliance data to physicians resulted in a significant decreased LOS with no change in costs or readmission rates. Standardization of care provided by hospitalists can lead to efficient use of hospital resources and improvement in outcomes.
Feeding microalgae meal (All-G Rich; CCAP 4087/2) to beef heifers. I: Effects on longissimus lumborum steak color and palatibility.

The objective of this study was to examine effects of 4 levels of microalgae meal (All-G Rich, CCAP 4087/2; Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY) supplementation to the diet of finishing heifers on longissimus lumborum (LL) steak PUFA content, beef palatability, and color stability. Crossbred heifers ( = 288; 452 ± 23 kg initial BW) were allocated to pens (36 pens and 8 heifers/pen), stratified by initial pen BW (3,612 ± 177 kg), and randomly assigned within strata to 1 of 4 treatments: 0, 50, 100, and 150 g·heifer·d of microalgae meal. After 89 d of feeding, cattle were harvested and LL were collected for determination of fatty acid composition and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), trained sensory panel evaluation, and 7-d retail color stability and lipid oxidation analyses. Feeding microalgae meal to heifers increased (quadratic, 0.25) but tended ( = 0.10) to increase total PUFA in a quadratic manner ( = 0.03). Total omega-6 PUFA decreased (linear, = 0.01) and total omega-3 PUFA increased (quadratic, 0.16); however, off-flavor intensity increased with increasing concentration of microalgae meal in the diet (quadratic, 0.19); therefore, the negative effects of microalgae on color stability were not due to fiber metabolism differences. Feeding microalgae meal to finishing heifers improves PUFA content of beef within the LL, but there are adverse effects on flavor and color stability.
Usual Clinical Parameters Underestimate the Incidence and Significance of Erythropoietin Deficiency as a Risk Factor for Death in Sickle Cell Disease.

Abstract A robust reticulocytosis is necessary to maintain hemoglobin levels compatible with life in patients with sickle cell disease. Relative reticulocytopenia, defined as a absolute reticulocyte count less than 250 x 109/L despite hemoglobin
Blind Photographers and VizSnap: A Long-Term Study

This paper describes a long term user study in which 13 blind participants were asked to use a blind friendly iPhone app, VizSnap -- an app designed to assist blind people in organizing and browsing a photo library without sight -- for a total of two months. VizSnap records audio while the user is aiming the camera, and allows an optional voice memo to be recorded, to allow the user to give custom information to accompany the photo, as well as capturing time, date, and location the photo was taken. All this information is available to the user when browsing through VizSnap's photo library. The participants met with us every two weeks, in which we discuss general VizSnap usage, conduct a short user study with their photos, as well as upload all data that was gathered using VizSnap. The user study aims to determine whether accompanying audio, time, date, and location metadata assists in memory retrieval of photos by blind people. We found that in general, both ambient audio and voice memo are considered most helpful for memory retrieval.
Experiences with Authentic Assessment Techniques in an Introductory Statistics Course

In an effort to align evaluation with new instructional goals, authentic assessment techniques (see, e.g., Archbald and Newmann 1988, Crowley 1993, and Garfield 1994) have recently been introduced ...
A near one-dimensional indirectly driven implosion at convergence ratio 30

Inertial confinement fusion cryogenic-layered implosions at the National Ignition Facility, while successfully demonstrating self-heating due to alpha-particle deposition, have fallen short of the performance predicted by one-dimensional (1D) multi-physics implosion simulations. The current understanding, from experimental evidence as well as simulations, suggests that engineering features such as the capsule tent and fill tube, as well as time-dependent low-mode asymmetry, are to blame for the lack of agreement. A short series of experiments designed specifically to avoid these degradations to the implosion are described here in order to understand if, once they are removed, a high-convergence cryogenic-layered deuterium-tritium implosion can achieve the 1D simulated performance. The result is a cryogenic layered implosion, round at stagnation, that matches closely the performance predicted by 1D simulations. This agreement can then be exploited to examine the sensitivity of approximations in the model t...
Ethical Issues in Prenatal Therapies

We survey the growing list of procedures under development and in practice for diagnosing and treating human diseases and disorders prenatally, together with the small but growing literature addressing various concerns over the ethical propriety of both the development of prenatal diagnostic and therapeutic practices and the incorporation of them into medicine’s technological armamentarium. Certain of these concerns turn on calculations of harm/benefit ratios, others on questions of justice, still others on the difficult area of ascribing or denying personhood or humanhood to human fetuses. Part of our considerations focus on contributions from a subdiscipline of philosophy proper―semantic theory―which we believe promises illuminating perspectives that may inform perceptions of and concerns about these practices.
Exploring Best Practices for Online STEM Courses: Active Learning, Interaction & Assessment Design

The purpose of this study was to examine effective design practices for online courses in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields at a large four-year public university in southeastern United States. Our research questions addressed the influence of online design practices on students’ perception of learning and learning satisfaction. An online survey was completed by 537 students from 15 online STEM courses in spring 2016. The survey results indicated that effective online STEM courses integrated active learning activities, interactive engagement strategies, and robust assessments. In particular, assessment design significantly impacted students’ self-perceived learning and learning satisfaction for students of all populations. The findings inform instructors and instructional designers on how to design effective, inclusive, and engaging online STEM curriculum. Online STEM instructors are strongly encouraged to utilize the Universal Design for Learning principles in course design, which benefit all students including students with disabilities.