cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Projections of primary and revision hip and knee arthroplasty in the United States from 2005 to 2030.

Background: Over the past decade, there has been an increase in the number of revision total hip and knee arthroplasties performed in the United States. The purpose of this study was to formulate projections for the number of primary and revision total hip and knee arthroplasties that will be performed in the United States through 2030. Methods: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample (1990 to 2003) was used in conjunction with United States Census Bureau data to quantify primary and revision arthroplasty rates as a function of age, gender, race and/or ethnicity, and census region. Projections were performed with use of Poisson regression on historical procedure rates in combination with population projections from 2005 to 2030. Results: By 2030, the demand for primary total hip arthroplasties is estimated to grow by 174% to 572,000. The demand for primary total knee arthroplasties is projected to grow by 673% to 3.48 million procedures. The demand for hip revision procedures is projected to double by the year 2026, while the demand for knee revisions is expected to double by 2015. Although hip revisions are currently more frequently performed than knee revisions, the demand for knee revisions is expected to surpass the demand for hip revisions after 2007. Overall, total hip and total knee revisions are projected to grow by 137% and 601%, respectively, between 2005 and 2030. Conclusions: These large projected increases in demand for total hip and knee arthroplasties provide a quantitative basis for future policy decisions related to the numbers of orthopaedic surgeons needed to perform these procedures and the deployment of appropriate resources to serve this need.
A mixed observational survey method

For several years, geodesists have debated the proper role of electronic distances in modern geodetic surveys. The role must be defined on an individual basis as a function of the desired accuracy and ultimate purpose of the survey. This paper proposes a mixed mode of observations for the types of surveys currently being observed following conventional first-order triangulation techniques. The mixed observational procedure requires only a portion of the survey control stations be instrument-occupied, and directions and electro-optical distances be observed to the remainder of the stations. The method allows the substitution of truck-or trailer-mounted portable towers, equipped with targets and reflectors, for a portion of the Bilby towers which are presently required to provide theodolite observations from all primary control stations in a conventional triangulation network. For the example considered, the mixed observational method provided more accurate position determinations than were obtained using conventional triangulation.
Caffeine and alcohol intakes have no association with risk of multiple sclerosis

Background:The association between alcohol and caffeine intakes and risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) is unclear; no prospective studies have examined this relationship.Objective:We examined intakes of alcohol and caffeine in relation to risk of multiple sclerosis.Methods:Intakes of alcohol and caffeine were examined in relation to the risk of MS in two large cohorts of women, the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS; 92,275 women followed from 1980 to 2004) and Nurses’ Health Study II (NHS II; 95,051 women followed from 1991 to 2005). Their diet was assessed at baseline and every four years thereafter. During the follow-up, 282 cases of MS were confirmed with onset of symptoms after baseline. Twenty-four cases were missing information on alcohol intake, leaving a total of 258 cases for the alcohol analyses.Results:Neither total alcohol consumption, nor consumption of beer, wine, or liquor was related to MS risk. The multivariable-adjusted pooled relative risk (RR) found by comparing categories of alcohol intake to 0 ...
Out-of-plane deflections of metallic and composite pin-loaded coupons

The projection shadow moire technique was employed to determine an out-of-plane contouring history of aluminum, [(+45/−45)]3S, [(0/903,0] S and [(0/90/+45/−45)]2S fiberglass epoxy pin-loaded specimens experimentally. The contouring interval was limited to 0.0254 mm by experimental concerns. Qualification of the projection shadow moire optical arrangement was initially accomplished by the out-of-plane contouring of a clamped, centrally loaded, circular aluminum plate. Experimental results indicate significant out-of-plane displacements in the bearing region of the coupon at load levels well below ultimate. Effects of material anisotropy could be seen in the fiber-oriented shape of the displacement contours. Comparisons with three-dimensional finite-element results indicate that experimental out-of-plane contours were significantly larger than their finite-element counterparts in the region above the pin for the [(+45/−45)]3S, [(0/90)3, 0] S laminates. These deviations increased with increasing pin-load level. These variations could be attributed to linear-elastic through-thickness moduli assumptions as well as through-thickness finite-element mesh coarseness.
Frequency dependent dielectric constant and conductivity for a medium containing impurities

A formula is derived for the effective complex dielectric constant of a dielectric medium containing a cubical array of dielectric or metallic impurities. The formula is given to two levels of approximation; one based on the Clausius-Mosotti equation which assumes zero contribution to the polarization from dipoles within the Lorentz sphere. The second is a generalization of a more accurate calculation of Rayleigh. Specific expressions are given for the real dielectric constant and the effective conductivity (and loss tangent) both as a function of frequency and impurity content. Formulas are valid for wavelengths large compared with the dimensions of the impurities. Results are compared with experimental values of Kharadly and Jackson. The complex dielectric constant is also obtained from the more accurate dc formula for a uniform array of spheres embedded in a uniform dielectric as derived by Zuzovsky and Brenner and again from the dc formula of a random array as derived by Felderhof.
Chaos and a quantum-classical correspondence in the kicked top.

The problem ``what is the quantum signature of a classically chaotic system'' is studied for the periodically kicked top. We find that the quantum variances initially grow exponentially if the corresponding classical description is chaotic. The rate of growth is connected to the corresponding classical Jacobi matrix and, thereby, to the local, classical, transient expansion rate. These connections were recently established in an analysis of the kicked pendulum for the correspondence between quantum Husimi-O'Connell-Wigner distributions and classical Gaussian ensembles. Here, we present closely related results for the kicked top by using generalized coherent states. An explanation is given for why this quantum signature of classical chaos was missed in earlier studies of the kicked top.
Structure–activity comparison of YZ-069, a novel σ ligand, and four analogs in receptor binding and behavioral studies

Abstract Earlier studies show that antagonism of σ receptors using high to moderate affinity compounds or antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeting the σ 1 subtype significantly attenuates the behavioral effects of cocaine in mice. In this study, the novel σ receptor ligand YZ-069 [ N -phenylpropyl- N ′-(3,4-dichlorophenethyl)piperazine] and four analogs (representing nitrophenyl and methoxyphenyl derivatives) were evaluated in receptor binding and behavioral studies to further delineate structural features that convey favorable anticocaine actions. In receptor binding studies, all of the compounds had low nanomolar affinities for σ 1 and σ 2 receptors but only micromolar affinities for monoamine transporters. Consistent with the favorable affinities of the compounds for σ receptors, they also significantly attenuated cocaine-induced convulsions in mice. The compounds with the 3,4-dichlorophenyl and methoxyphenyl substitutions provided better protection against cocaine-induced convulsions than the nitrophenyl derivative. This is consistent with the reduced lipophilicity of the nitro substitution, which would reduce its ability to cross the blood–brain barrier. The position of the substituent on the phenyl ring had no significant effect on binding affinity or behavioral protective actions. Together with earlier studies, the data suggest that favorable features of σ receptor ligands with anticocaine actions include high affinity for brain σ receptors, antagonistic actions at the receptor, and lipophilicity to facilitate crossing the blood–brain barrier.
A simple, versatile, nondisruptive method for the isolation of morphologically and chemically pure basement membranes from several tissues.

Abstract A simple procedure has been developed for the isolation of ultrastructurally pure, intact basement membranes from bovine retinal and brain blood vessels, rabbit renal tubules and rat renal glomeruli. By this procedure, cell membranes and intracellular materials are selectively solubilized with 4% sodium deoxycholate to yield morphologically and chemically intact basement membrane preparations. Therefore, this method appears to be a versatile, nondisruptive procedure for the isolation and characterization of basement membranes from a variety of tissues. Its applicability has been demonstrated by the preparation for the first time of isolated basement membranes from non-renal mammalian blood vessels.
Detection of trace levels of mercury in aqueous systems via a fiber optic probe

Currently there is a great deal of interest in the development and use of fiber optic chemical sensors for characterization of contaminated waste sites. Development of remote, in-situ sensors for rapid determination of the presence, and concentration of hazardous materials will significantly reduce site remediation costs. The state-of-the-art technology for assessing site contamination is the cone penetrometer system. This system consists of a 2-1/2 ton truck, a hydraulic ram, and a steel tube. The steel tube, which is generally 1-3/4 inches OD and 1 inch ID, has a sharp tip on one end. To begin site characterization the penetrometer tube is placed into the hydraulic ram then the tube is pushed into the ground. Sensors are mounted in the penetrometer tube to measure contaminants in the surrounding soil and ground water. This system has several distinct advantages over conventional drilling techniques. Additionally, site characterization can be performed much quicker than standard drilling techniques. Fiber optic chemical sensors are readily applicable towards use in cone penetrometer systems since they are small in size and can report real time, in-situ results. Some fiber optic chemical sensors have been deployed and tested in the cone penetrometer system.
Stories of AIDS: The use of narrative as an approach to understanding in an AIDS support group

This paper shows how the co-creation and telling of narratives helped members of an AIDS support group transform their unique and separate experiences of suffering into shared insights, intense connections and comfort. Examples of narratives are drawn from the author's experience as a co-leader of a support group for gay men living with AIDS. Current literature on group work with persons living with AIDS is embedded in a modernist orientation in which the therapist is the scientist/expert, the client has the problem and the therapist helps the client's through exploring and interpreting the client's story according to a superseding theory (Gergen and Kaye, 1992). This approach emphasizes the need for leaders to maintain objectivity and emotional distance to avoid burnout (Gabriel, 1991; Grossman and Silverstein, 1993; Tunnell, 1991). In contrast, in a post-modern therapeutic approach, there is no privileging of the therapist's narrative and the traditional hierarchical relationship is replaced by a mutual effort as therapist and client together develop stories that translate and transcend experience. Using the AIDS work as illustration, this paper offers a post-modern, narrative approach to group work and shows how persons living with AIDS can use narrative to move beyond finite structures and the limits of life.
Atoxoplasma Associated with an Isosporan Oocyst in Canaries

SYNOPSIS Coccidia-free and mite-free domestic canaries Serinus canarius given sporulated Isospora oocysts of canary origin and autopsied at intervals thereafter had numerous organisms in cells of the macrophage system structurally similar to organisms called Atoxoplasma. Judging from the sequence of intensity of infection, the mucosa of the upper intestine was parasitized first and the organisms spread from there down the intestine and to the internal organs. The prepatent period of 10 days for the Isospora infection could be started in one bird by oocyst administration and completed by transfer of infected liver cells from this bird to a 2nd bird. Isospara oocysts from sparrows were not infective for a canary.
Ultrastructural Changes in Psoriatic Epidermis Following Anthralin Treatment

The epidermal ultrastructure of psoriatic plaques in 20 adult patients was studied before and after 1 and 3 months of anthralin treatment. A comparison with the epidermis of uninvolved skin in the same patients and with the epidermis of normal skin was made. Ultrastructural changes elicited by anthralin include a reduction in size of the intercellular spaces, a decrease in ribosomes and mitochondria, an increase in tonofilaments and an accumulation of chromatin in the nuclear periphery. Despite these changes, the cells do not attain a completely normal appearance. Knowledge acquired in this investigation has provided a useful basis for similar future studies involving other topical agents.
Learning minimal latent directed information trees

THIS PAPER IS ELIGIBLE FOR THE STUDENT PAPER AWARD — We propose a framework for learning the structure of a minimal latent tree with an associated discrepancy measure. Specifically, we apply this algorithm to recover the minimal latent directed information tree on a mixture of set of observed and unobserved random processes. Directed information trees are a new type of probabilistic graphical model based on directed information that represent the casual dynamics among random processes in a stochastic systems. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first approach that recovers these type of latent graphical models where samples are available only from a subset of processes.
The X-ray spectrum of the Bl Lacertae object PKS 0548-322.

X-ray observations of H0548-322 = PKS 0548-322 at energies from 0.15 keV to 24 keV with the HEAO A-2 experiment are reported. The spectrum shows a distinct break in slope near 2 keV, with the indices of power-law energy spectra of 2.2 below and 0.3 above this break. A synchrotron self-Compton model is consistent with radio, optical, and all X-ray data, although a modified synchrotron self-Compton model with added thermal origin for the low-energy X-ray spectrum is also plausible.
Impact of Ranolazine on Clinical Outcomes and Healthcare Resource Utilization in Patients with Refractory Angina Pectoris

Background Ranolazine is a novel antianginal medication approved for the treatment of chronic angina. There are only limited data concerning the efficacy of ranolazine in reducing healthcare resource utilization in patients with refractory angina pectoris.
Balance of Payments and Domestic Flow of Income and Expenditures

Looked at from the point of view of national income accounting, the problem is fairly simple. The best approach is to study the generation of income by various types of expenditure. Income-creating expenditures can be classified under three major headings: domestic private consumption, domestic private net investment, and domestic government expenditures on goods and services. Part of each of these, however, is a payment for indirect taxation which does not create income for factors of production at home, and therefore has to be deducted from the total. On the other hand, government subsidies, which enable goods and services to be purchased at less than factor cost, should be added to total expenditure; for they too form part of the incomes of factors of production. A part of each category of expenditure may also be spent on goods and services supplied by foreign countries and thus fail to generate income at home. This too should be deducted. On the other hand, foreign residents' and government expenditures on goods and services produced at home contribute to the creation of incomes of domestic factors of production, and hence should be added to the domestic income-creating expenditures. The national income, as earned by the domestic factors of production in their participation in the productive process, may therefore be said to equal the sum of domestic private consumption plus domestic private net investment plus domestic government expenditures on goods and services minus indirect taxation plus subsidies minus imports plus ex-
Increased physical activity may be more protective for metabolic syndrome than reduced caloric intake. An analysis of estimated energy balance in U.S. adults: 2007–2010 NHANES

Abstract Background and aim The purpose of this study was to examine the association between physical activity (PA), caloric intake, and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in a representative sample of the United States population. Methods and results Data for 4327 adults from 2007 to 2010 NHANES were analyzed. MetS was defined using both ATPIII and AHA/NHLBI criteria. Weekly moderate and vigorous physical activity (PA) minutes from work, leisure-time, and transportation PA were used to estimate Total Energy Expenditure (TEE) from Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) using the Harris-Benedict equation. Average total calories (KCAL) from two 24-h dietary recalls were used to compare energy intake and expenditure between subjects with and without MetS. An alpha of 0.05 was used to determine statistical differences. The age adjusted prevalence of MetS was 21.9% (95% CI 20.1–23.6) and 36.8% (34.7–39.0) using ATPIII and AHA/NHLBI criteria, respectively. The estimated population mean for KCAL/TEE was 0.83 (95% CI 0.82–0.84), and the mean for KCAL/BMR was 1.25 (95% CI 1.23–1.27). Subjects without MetS (MetS−) reported 36 ± 13 (ATPIII) and 45 ± 18 (AHA/NHLBI) more daily moderate PA minutes than subjects with MetS (MetS+). At each level of PA, MetS− consumed more calories relative to BMR and TEE than MetS+. For both normal and overweight adults, KCAL/BMR was higher for MetS− than MetS+. For all BMI groups, there were no differences between MetS− and MetS+ with respect to KCAL/TEE. Though MetS+ adults in either MetS criteria were generally less physically active, MetS− adults maintained a higher caloric intake relative to estimated energy needs. Conclusions These results suggest energy needs may be distorted in Metabolic Syndrome and increased physical activity may be more protective than reduced caloric intake.
Cobalt-catalyzed arylation and alkenylation of alpha-bromo eneformamides and enecarbamates by cross-coupling with organic bromides: Application to the synthesis of functionalized piperidines and azepanes

Abstract The synthesis of α-arylated and alkenylated piperidine and azepane derivatives has been accomplished through cross-coupling of α-bromo eneformamides or enecarbamates with feedstock organic halides such as aryl and vinyl bromides, under cobalt catalysis. The coupling products, which themselves are synthetic intermediates for accessing other functionalized piperidines and azepanes are obtained in good to excellent yields.
Discriminating nuclear threats from benign sources in gamma-ray spectra using a spectral comparison ratio method

This manuscript presents a method for categorizing gamma-ray spectra as indicative of benign or threat sources. Reported here is a method of spectral comparison ratios (SCR), which is useful in the targeted detection of specific gamma-ray signature classes. SCRs discriminate between benign and target sources by comparing counts in broad energy bins that are pre-determined using statistical discrimination criteria. The integral component of the SCR method is the location and interdependence of the energy bins, and this work discusses the statistical methods used for choosing their locations along with decision criteria that maximally separate targets from benign sources.
Thermal performance of metamorphic double heterojunction bipolar transistors with InP and InAlP buffer layers

InP-based double heterojunction bipolar transistors (DHBT) are a key technology for high-speed optical fiber transmission. InP substrates are expensive and are not available in as large sizes as GaAs substrates. Moreover, InP substrates are fragile and are easily broken in fabrication. This motivates development of metamorphic InP DHBT (MDHBT) on GaAs. Thermal performance is of critical importance, as high speed DHBTs must operate at emitter power densities exceeding 250 kW/cm/sup 2/. In the case of MDHBTs, thermal resistance is dominated by the poor thermal conductivity of the thick (1-1.5 μm) metamorphic buffer layer lying immediately below the collector. Here we compare the thermal characteristics of MDHBTs grown on InP and InAlP buffer layers to those of lattice-matched devices. In the case of InP buffer layers and narrow emitter geometries, MDHBT thermal resistance is comparable to that of lattice-matched HBTs. A low 32 °C junction-ambient temperature rise is obtained in a device operating at 235 kW/cm/sup 2/.
Motion segmentation based on motion/brightness integration and oscillatory correlation

A segmentation method based on the integration of motion and brightness is proposed for image sequences. The method is composed of two parallel pathways that process motion and brightness, respectively, Inspired by the visual system, the motion pathway has two stages. The first stage estimates local motion at locations with reliable information. The second stage performs segmentation based on local motion estimates. In the brightness pathway, the input scene is segmented into regions based on brightness distribution. Subsequently, segmentation results from the two pathways are integrated to refine motion estimates. The final segmentation is performed in the motion network based on refined estimates. For segmentation, locally excitatory globally inhibitory oscillator network (LEGION) architecture is employed whereby the oscillators corresponding to a region of similar motion/brightness oscillate in synchrony and different regions attain different phases. Results on synthetic and real image sequences are provided, and comparisons with other methods are made.
Implementation and validation of a planar detector module for SimSET

The authors have developed a Monte Carlo planar detector module for their "Simulation System for Emission Tomography" (SimSET) package. The module tracks gamma rays through multiple-layer rectangular detectors. Each layer of the detector can be designated as active (scintillating) or inactive, allowing detector assembly elements and/or graded absorbers to be simulated in addition to scintillation crystal. For each gamma ray, the module outputs either a list of gamma ray interactions, giving location and energy deposited, or total energy deposited and an energy-weighted centroid over the active layers. The module can be used with or without collimation. Without collimation, using two detector heads, dual head coincidence imaging can be simulated. The binning module has been extended to support binning for the 3DRP, SSRB, and MSRB PVI reconstruction algorithms. The module has been tested extensively to validate the algorithms and implementation. The authors present the module design along with the validation work and performance characteristics.
Laparoscopic Marsupialization of the Painful Polycystic Kidney

AbstractAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease patients may present with intractable cyst pain. Common practice has been to attempt percutaneous drainage of the affected cyst and, if unsuccessful, to offer open surgical decortication. We report laparoscopic renal cyst marsupialization for painful autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease among 6 patients who failed prior percutaneous drainage. Mean surgical and anesthesia times were 3 hours and 3 hours 35 minutes, respectively. Mean blood loss was 140 cc. Median intervals to ambulation, oral intake and hospital discharge were 1.5, 1.5 and 3 days, respectively. All 6 patients reported pain relief with followup of 6 to 40 months. These results suggest that laparoscopic marsupialization of painful autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is technically feasible and safe, and the laparoscopic approach may offer a palliative option for patients in whom prior percutaneous management failed.
Spatially Dependent Mechanical Properties Of Rat Whiskers For Tactile Sensing

A new generation of sensors based on biologically inspired whisking action will help determine the presence and location of solid objects and fluid vortices similar to mechanisms used by whisker bearing animals such as rats and seals. By using nanoindentation, we demonstrate that mechanical properties are essentially uniform by cross section, but vary longitudinally from the whisker base (a 3.9 GPa elastic modulus) to the tip (a 3.1 GPa elastic modulus). Several recent studies show propagation of high frequency information through whiskers that are tuned by their physical properties. In order to fully understand and model these properties, this study demonstrates a more complex whisker structure than previously assumed.
Modeling the network processor and package for power delivery analysis

The method of power delivery analysis on a network processor and package design is presented. A current profile was developed from the processor design and validated by the measurements. Distributed current sources were used to model the transient current drawn by the silicon. To model the package correctly, distributed circuit elements were used. The sensitivity of the voltage droop to the current stimulus was studied in order to design the appropriate current ramping steps. Two current profiles were studied with measurements to improve the processor design for power integrity.
Highly enantioselective phenylacetylene additions to both aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes.

The readily available and inexpensive BINOL in combination with Ti(OiPr)4 is found to catalyze the reaction of an alkynylzinc reagent with various types of aldehydes including aliphatic aldehydes, aromatic aldehydes, and other α,β-unsaturated aldehydes to generate chiral propargyl alcohols with 91−99% ee at room temperature. No previous chiral catalysts have exhibited such a broad scope of enantioselectivity with respect to the type of aldehydes for this reaction.
Functioning of the Drosophila orb gene in gurken mRNA localization and translation.

The orb gene encodes an RNA recognition motif (RRM)-type RNA-binding protein that is a member of the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein (CPEB) family of translational regulators. Early in oogenesis, orb is required for the formation and initial differentiation of the egg chamber, while later in oogenesis it functions in the determination of the dorsoventral (DV) and anteroposterior axes of egg and embryo. In the studies reported here, we have examined the role of the orb gene in the gurken ( grk )- Drosophila epidermal growth factor receptor ( DER ) signaling pathway. During the previtellogenic stages of oogenesis, the grk-DER signaling pathway defines the posterior pole of the oocyte by specifying posterior follicle cell identity. This is accomplished through the localized expression of Grk at the very posterior of the oocyte. Later in oogenesis, the grk-DER pathway is used to establish the DV axis. Grk protein synthesized at the dorsal anterior corner of the oocyte signals dorsal fate to the overlying follicle cell epithelium. We show that orb functions in both the early and late grk-DER signaling pathways, and in each case is required for the localized expression of Grk protein. We have found that orb is also required to promote the synthesis of a key component of the DV polarity pathway, K(10). Finally, we present evidence that Orb protein expression during the mid- to late stages of oogenesis is, in turn, negatively regulated by K(10) .
Conducting family meetings in palliative care: themes, techniques, and preliminary evaluation of a communication skills module.

Objective:To develop a communication skills training module for health care professionals about how to conduct a family meeting in palliative care and to evaluate the module in terms of participant self-efficacy and satisfaction.Methods:Forty multispecialty health care professionals from the New York metropolitan area attended a communication skills training module at a Comprehensive Cancer Center about how to conduct a family meeting in oncology. The modular content was based on the Comskil model and current literature in the field.Results:Based on a retrospective pre–post measure, participants reported a significant increase in self-efficacy about their ability to conduct a family meeting. Furthermore, at least 93% of participants expressed their satisfaction with various aspects of the module by agreeing or strongly agreeing with statements on the course evaluation form.Significance of results:Family meetings play a significant role in the palliative care setting, where family support for planning and continuing care is vital to optimize patient care. Although these meetings can be challenging, this communication skills module is effective in increasing the confidence of participants in conducting a family meeting.
Measuring Immunization Coverage among Preschool Children: Past, Present, and Future Opportunities

Control of vaccine-preventable diseases depends on maintaining high levels of immunization coverage. Immunization coverage among preschool children remains suboptimal in some areas and sociodemographic subgroups, as well as for more recently introduced vaccines, leaving susceptible young children vulnerable to complications from vaccine-preventable diseases. This paper reviews approaches historically used to measure immunization coverage among preschool children in the United States. The strengths and weaknesses of various approaches to measuring immunization coverage among preschool children are explored, with emphasis on the current means to measure national immunization coverage—the National Immunization Survey. Methods for measuring immunization coverage among preschool children at local and state levels are also evaluated. Future opportunities and challenges for measuring immunization coverage at the local, state, and national levels are explored. child health services; child, preschool; communicable disease control; comparative study; immunization programs; immunization schedule; vaccination
Warfarin-induced iliopsoas hemorrhage with subsequent femoral nerve palsy

We present the case of a 28-year-old man on chronic warfarin therapy who sustained a minor muscle tear and developed increasing pain and a flexure contracture of the right hip. Surgical exploration revealed an iliopsoas hematoma and femoral nerve entrapment, resulting in a femoral nerve palsy and partial loss of quadriceps functions. Anticoagulant-induced femoral nerve palsy represents the most common form of warfarin-induced peripheral neuropathy; it is characterized by severe pain in the inguinal region, varying degrees of motor and sensory impairment, and flexure contracture of the involved extremity.
Substance K-, Substance P-, and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide-Immunoreactive Nerves in Female Reproductive Organs

Nerves in the female rat reproductive tract contain a number of neuropeptides in addition to catecholamines and acetylcholine; e.g., neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), substance P (SP) [1] and calcitonin generelated peptide (CGRP) [2]. Peptidecontaining nerves are perivascular, near the epithelium and in nonvascular smooth muscle. All of these substances are vasoactive and can influence nonvascular smooth musecle; some, such as SF, are in primary afferent nerves. Thus, these peptide-containing nerves could have important functions in the female reproductive system. In our continuing studies of the peripheral nervous system’s influence on reproductive tract function.we examined primary afferent nerves for other peptides besides SP; these include CGRP, cholecystokininoctapeptide (CCK-8), and substance K (SK, neurokinin A; hereafter referred to as NKA). We also examined the sensitivity of these nerves to capsaicin, a neurotoxin for primary sensory neurons.
Autologous blood transfusion and intraoperative cell salvage in a patient with homozygous sickle cell disease.

BACKGROUND Autologous transfusion can eliminate the need for homologous transfusions. In addition, hypotensive anesthesia and devices that salvage red blood cells for return to the patient can reduce operative blood loss. However, blood from patients with sickle cell disease is difficult to store. SUMMARY A 16-year-old black girl with homozygous sickle cell disease needed surgery for progressive scoliosis. Her family’s religious convictions precluded homologous transfusions. During surgery, 400 mL of autologous blood that had been successfully stored was transfused, as was 800 mL of blood salvaged using a cell-saving device, and 3800 mL of nonblood plasma expanders. Intravenous agents were used to maintain hypotension. However, following a rise in the patient’s prothrombin and thromboplastin times, four units of homologous packed red cells were transfused with the permission of the patient’s parents. CONCLUSIONS Patients with sickle cell disease can be given hypotensive anesthesia and autologous transfusions of blood donated before surgery and blood salvaged during surgery using a cell-saving device.
Integrated Neurophotonics: Toward Massively-Parallel Mapping of Brain Activity

I describe a new paradigm for functional imaging that surmounts limitations of free-space optics - based on integrated nanophotonics, to distribute an ultraminiaturized imager within the brain; and optogenetics, to transduce neural signals into the optical domain
Parasitization and Timing of Diapause in Virginia Microplitis croceipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): Implications for Biocontrol of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Soybean

Field surveys and field-cage studies were conducted to evaluate the parasitoid Microplitis croceipes (Cresson) as a biological control candidate for release against corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), in Virginia soybeans, and to gain knowledge of its diapause behavior. Corn earworm larvae were collected in 1990 and 1991 from corn and soybean fields to monitor parasitization of native H. zea and to provide host material for cage experiments. Of 609 H. zea collected from corn, only one was parasitized (by Campoletis sp.) indicating that field corn is not an early-season reservoir for H. zea parasitoids. Incidence of natural M. croceipes parasitism of H. zea in soybean also was very low (only 10 of 717 larvae collected were parasitized). In total, 1,960 laboratory-reared and 1,060 field-collected H. zea larvae were released with laboratory-reared M. croceipes adult females into field cages weekly from August to October in 1990 and 1991. An average of 65% (1,975) of H. zea larvae (over all cage releases) were recovered. Of these, 990 (50%) were parasitized by M. croceipes. M. croceipes effectively parasitized wild H. zea as efficiently as laboratory-reared hosts. In total, 816 (82%) M. croceipes successfully spun cocoons that were recovered and maintained outdoors. Adult wasps emerged from 83% (676) of the cocoons, most within 2—3 wk. The remaining 123 (15%) cocoons entered hibernal diapause. Percentages of recovered cocoons that entered diapause increased with later cage-release dates (<20% before early September to 50% by early October).
Energetics of direct and water-mediated proton-coupled electron transfer.

Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) is an elementary chemical reaction crucial for biological oxidoreduction. We perform quantum chemical calculations to study the direct and water-mediated PCET between two stacked tyrosines, TyrO• + TyrOH → TyrOH + TyrO•, to mimic a key step in the catalytic reaction of class Ia ribonucleotide reductase (RNR). The energy surfaces of electronic ground and excited states are separated by a large gap of ∼20 kcal mol–1, indicative of an electronically adiabatic transfer mechanism. In response to chemical substitutions of the proton donor, the energy of the transition state for direct PCET shifts by exactly half of the change in energetic driving force, resulting in a linear free energy relation with a Bronsted slope of 1/2. In contrast, for water-mediated PCET, we observe integer Bronsted slopes of 1 and 0 for proton acceptor and donor modifications, respectively. Our calculations suggest that the π-stacking of the tyrosine dimer in RNR results in strong electronic coupl...
Quantitative analysis of the emerging multi-core workload memory behavior

Workload characterization is a key leading job for the design of last-level caches(LLCs) on multi-core processors.This paper analyzes the memory behavior of emerging RMS(recognition,mining,and synthesis) workloads for future multi-core processors,including the working set sizes,data sharing behavior,and spatial data locality,which shows that these RMS workloads are memory intensive,with large working-set sizes,a significant amount of data sharing,and strong strided access patterns.The LLC design space was then explored for multi-threaded RMS workloads and the potential architectural choices were discussed for future multi-core cache design based on the observations.The experimental results show that large DRAM caches can effectively satisfy the cache requirement caused by large working sets with a 128 MB DRAM cache significantly reducing the average L1 miss penalty by 18%;that the shared cache provides better performance than the private cache at the LLC level with a 8 MB shared cache improving the cache performance by 25% compared with a private cache with the same size in total;and that stride based hardware prefetching mechanism provides significant performance improvement by 25%.Consequently,a memory hierarchy is given with a 128 MB DRAM cache,an 8 MB on-die SRAM shared cache,and an 8-entry stride prefetcher for the RMS workloads.
Click Addition of a DNA Thread to the N-Termini of Peptides for Their Translocation through Solid-State Nanopores.

Foremost among the challenges facing single molecule sequencing of proteins by nanopores is the lack of a universal method for driving proteins or peptides into nanopores. In contrast to nucleic acids, the backbones of which are uniformly negatively charged nucleotides, proteins carry positive, negative and neutral side chains that are randomly distributed. Recombinant proteins carrying a negatively charged oligonucleotide or polypeptide at the C-termini can be translocated through a α-hemolysin (α-HL) nanopore, but the required genetic engineering limits the generality of these approaches. In this present study, we have developed a chemical approach for addition of a charged oligomer to peptides so that they can be translocated through nanopores. As an example, an oligonucleotide PolyT20 was tethered to peptides through first selectively functionalizing their N-termini with azide followed by a click reaction. The data show that the peptide-PolyT20 conjugates translocated through nanopores, whereas the un...
Characterization of Ecosystem Structure within Transplanted and Natural Eelgrass (Zostera marina) Beds

Seagrass ecosystems are some of the most productive coastal habitats in the world. Eelgrass (Zostera marina) is an ecosystem engineer that provides important ecosystem functions and services. In 2010, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) began construction of their Marine Operations Center-Pacific (MOC-P) in Yaquina Bay, Oregon; coupled with this were unavoidable habitat damages, and mitigation included the creation of a transplanted eelgrass bed. The purpose of this project was to assess the recovery of ecosystem structure and function within this transplanted bed using an ecosystem-based approach. Ecological indicators (e.g., eelgrass percent cover, faunal richness and abundance) and environmental variables (e.g., sediment and water quality parameters) were monitored over 12 months at the transplanted mitigation site and two reference sites. Each bed was observed to be unique in structure, predominately driven by physical setting. Eelgrass cover at the mitigation site remained unchanged and significantly lower than at reference sites; however, most faunal indicators within the transplanted eelgrass bed were comparable to those of existing eelgrass beds. During the first year post-transplant, the eelgrass bed within the NOAA MOC-P mitigation site remained stable and was observed to be adequately performing the functions associated with eelgrass ecosystems in the Pacific Northwest. Characterizing the transplanted bed with an ecosystem-based approach allowed us to accurately assess the site's progress toward mitigation goals and provide information important to management of the NOAA MOC-P mitigation site and future eelgrass mitigation efforts.
Abstract B20: Self-reported memory problems in adult-onset cancer survivors in the United States: Effects of cardiac complications, short sleep duration, and general health

Background: Memory impairments are debilitating adverse effects of malignant tumors and their various treatments. Factors such as cardiac complications and sleep loss/impairment can exacerbate memory problems for cancer patients and survivors. We examined the relationships among history of cardiac complications, short sleep duration, and self-reported memory problems (SRMP) in adult-onset cancer survivors. Methods: We included data from middle-aged (41 to 64 years) participants who completed the 2007-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative, stratified, multistage probability sample of the civilian, non-institutionalized population of the United States. We excluded participants with a history of brain cancer or stroke since these conditions are expected to cause cognitive problems because of direct insults to the brain. Using binary a logistic regression, we determined the prevalence of SRMP in cancer survivors relative to cardiac complications and short sleep duration ( Results: The sample included 2,289 adults (49% female). There were 46% Whites, 20% Blacks, 29% Hispanics, and 4% Asian/other. A total of 9% of the sample were cancer survivors. Cardiac complications (Odds ratio (OR), 6.97, p 0.05). Conclusion: The likelihood of SRMP is higher in cancer survivors with a history of cardiac complications or short sleep duration. Future studies are needed to systematically delineate the cardiac-sleep-memory relationships, which could inform the development of reliable assessment and intervention to mitigate memory impairments and sleep problems for cancer survivors. Citation Format: Pascal Jean-Pierre, Michael Grandner, Elizabeth Henry. Self-reported memory problems in adult-onset cancer survivors in the United States: Effects of cardiac complications, short sleep duration, and general health. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research; 2013 Oct 27-30; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Can Prev Res 2013;6(11 Suppl): Abstract nr B20.
HBO in the Management of Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy is a chronic neurological disorder that can be due to several causes of brain damage in utero, in the perinatal period, or postnatally. Hyperbaric oxygen has been shown to be useful in treating children with cerebral palsy. This topic is discussed under the following headings.
Dynamics of Peptides and Proteins

An essential question in any attempt to understand the biological function of peptides and proteins concerns the dynamics of their structural fluctuations and conformational changes. The motions that occur range from small local atom displacements, sidechain reorientations and main chain fluctuations, through almost rigid body movements of domains and subunits to the folding and unfolding transition involving the entire polypeptide chain. It is important to know how these motions take place and what the time scales of the motions are.
Asymptotic Stabilization of Relative Equilibria with Application to the Heavy 1

Abstract This paper investigates the asymptotic stabilization of relative equilibria when motion is restricted to invariant manifolds. The motivating example is the heavy top. Three forms of feedback control laws are investigated. The first can be identified with double bracket dissipation, the second preserves energy but changes the momentum, and the third corresponds to a magnetic term in the closed loop equations. All three methods are derived and subsequently discussed. Numerical simulations are used to illustrate their performance.
The therapeutic potential of resveratrol: a review of clinical trials.

Resveratrol is a nutraceutical with several therapeutic effects. It has been shown to mimic effects of caloric restriction, exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, and affect the initiation and progression of many diseases through several mechanisms. While there is a wealth of in vitro and in vivo evidence that resveratrol could be a promising therapeutic agent, clinical trials must confirm its potential. In this work, we reviewed the current clinical data available regarding the pharmacological action of resveratrol. Most of the clinical trials of resveratrol have focused on cancer, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and obesity. We found that for neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, the current clinical trials show that resveratrol was well tolerated and beneficially influenced disease biomarkers. However resveratrol had ambiguous and sometimes even detrimental effects in certain types of cancers and in NAFLD. In most of the clinical trials, the major obstacle presented was resveratrol’s poor bioavailability. Thus, this work provides useful considerations for the planning and design of future pre-clinical and clinical research on resveratrol.
A Breathing Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization: Fully Oxygen-Tolerant Polymerization Inspired by Aerobic Respiration of Cells.

The first well-controlled aqueous atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) conducted in the open air is reported. This air-tolerant ATRP was enabled by the continuous conversion of oxygen to carbon dioxide catalyzed by glucose oxidase (GOx), in the presence of glucose and sodium pyruvate as sequential sacrificial substrates. Controlled polymerization using initiators for continuous activator regeneration (ICAR) ATRP of oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate (OEOMA, Mn =500) yielded polymers with low dispersity (1.09≤Đ≤1.29) and molecular weights (MWs) close to theoretical values in the presence of pyruvate. Without added pyruvates, lower MWs were observed due to generation of new chains by H2 O2 formed by reaction of O2 with GOx. Successful chain extension of POEOMA500 macroinitiator with OEOMA300 (Đ≤1.3) and Bovine Serum Albumin bioconjugates (Đ≤1.22) confirmed a well-controlled polymerization. The reactions in the open air in larger scale (25 mL) were also successful.