cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Word Finding Deficits in Normal Aging

The incidence and pattern of word finding deficits was investigated in a group of 50 non-neurologically-impaired older adults, ranging in age from 54 to 75. The Test of Adolescent/Adult Word Finding (TAWF; German, 1990) was administered to all individuals. Overall, 28% of the adults exhibited abnormal word finding standard scores on the TAWF. Specifically, 3 word finding profiles were observed: (1) normal psychometric scores and normal word retrieval performance across all subtests; (2) normal psychometric performance with selective impairment on picture naming of nouns, and (3) abnormal word finding standard scores with impaired performance on more than 1 subtest, which included picture naming of nouns as well as category naming. The most frequently occurring error type on picture naming of nouns was productions that were semantically related to the target. The results are discussed relative to the representation of information in semantic memory and its interaction with the lexicon.
A Rapid, Sensitive Assay for Cocaine and Its Metabolites in Biological Fluids using Solid-Phase Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

An improved method for the simultaneous determination of cocaine and its metabolites, benzoylecgonine (BE), norcocaine, and ecgoninemethylester (EME), in rat plasma and urine is described. Following derivatization of EME to p-fluorococaine, chromatography was performed on two high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) columns in series (5-microm spheric C8 and 5-microm cyanopropyl) using a mobile phase containing acetonitrile/HPLC water/trifluoroacetic acid (28:72:0.1) with bupivacaine as an internal standard. Quantitation limits were 25 ng/mL for cocaine, BE, and norcocaine and 50 ng/mL for EME using 300-500 microL rat plasma and 500 microL of rat urine. The assay was linear from the limit of quantitation to 2000 ng/mL for cocaine and its metabolites in both plasma and urine samples. Because this method uses a small amount of sample (300 microL plasma or 500 microL of urine), it is applicable to study of the pharmacokinetics and disposition of cocaine and its major metabolites.
Managing the Hazard of Marine Oil Pollution in Alaska

This study examines the development of safeguards against marine oil pollution in Alaska since the 1989 Exxon Valdez disaster, in which oil spilled from the tanker Exxon Valdez polluted more than 2,000 kilometers of Alaskan coastline. Since 1989, a series of enduring institutional reforms have contributed to major enhancements in the safeguards against the continuing hazard of marine oil pollution in Alaska. This study is the first to comprehensively examine these new institutions and safeguards in two regions of Alaska with marine oil transportation systems. The major oil production streams of Alaska are transported through these two regions. In comparing the development of oil pollution safeguards in these two regions, this study finds a pattern of enduring yet unequal policy reforms.
Surgical Management of Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors After Treatment With Targeted Systemic Therapy Using Kinase Inhibitors

Purpose While targeted inhibitors of tyrosine kinase activity demonstrate dramatic efficacy in the majority of patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), cure remains elusive and resistance to systemic therapy is a challenge. To assess the role of surgery in multimodality management of GISTs, we studied postoperative outcomes in patients treated with targeted kinase inhibitors for advanced GIST. Methods We evaluated outcomes in a single institution series of 69 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for advanced GISTs while receiving kinase inhibitors. Patients were categorized based on extent of disease before surgery (stable disease, limited disease progression, generalized disease progression) and surgical result (no evidence of disease, minimal residual disease, bulky residual disease). Results Disease status before surgery was associated with surgical result (P < .0001; median follow-up, 14.6 months). After surgery, there was no evidence of disease in 78%, 25%, and 7% of pati...
Articulating Subtype Differences in Self and Relational Experience Among Alcoholic Men Using Structural Analysis of Social Behavior

L. Benjamin's (1984) structural analysis of social behavior (SASB) system was used as the organizing framework within which to characterize the phenomenology of self and other relationship experience among subtypes of alcoholic men. Within the context of a community-based study of psychopathology, groups of antisocial alcoholic (A AL), nonantisocial alcoholic (NAAL), and nonalcoholic (control) men completed ratings of their introject (self-concept) and spousal experience. Group differences in demography and psychopathology provided strong support for subtype variations among alcoholic men that could not be attributed to global differences in adaptive functioning. SASB data showed consistency in circumplex ordering across the groups in ratings of self-experien ce and in ratings of the spousal relationship. AAL men were the most self-neglecting, blaming, and least trusting, and control men were the most relationally connected, with NAAL men falling in between. Despite the importance of the subtyping distinction, in some areas, alcoholism, regardless of subtype, was the core differentiating factor. In this article, we make use of Benjamin's (1984, 1993) structural analysis of social behavior (SASB) methods and technology to characterize the phenomenology of self and other intimate relationship experiences among alcoholic men.1 Of special interest is the sensitivity of this method to articulate experiential variations within the alcoholic diagnostic entity, given the substantial literature that now supports the existence of at least two symptomatically and etiologically distinct types of alcoholism (Babor& Lauerman, 1986; Zucker, Fitzgerald, & Moses, 1995). Before turning to the empirical work, we briefly summarize the literature on phenomenology among alcoholic individuals focusing on self-concept research, the relationship of self-experience to interpersonal experience, and the subtype literature that forms the background for the study.
CORPORATE DISTRESS PREDICTION MODELS IN A TURBULENT ECONOMIC AND BASEL II ENVIRONMENT

This paper discusses two of the primary motivating influences on the recent development/revisions of credit scoring models - the important implications of Basel II's proposed capital requirements on credit assets and the enormous amounts and rates of defaults and bankruptcies in the United States in 2001-2002. Two of the more prominent credit scoring techniques, our Z-Score and KMV's EDF models, are reviewed. Both models are assessed with respect to default probabilities in general and in particular to the infamous Enron and WorldCom debacles in particular. In order to be effective, these and other credit risk models should be utilized by firms with a sincere credit risk culture, observant of the fact that they are best used as an additional tool, not the sole decision making criteria, in the credit and security analyst process.
Acute effects of PEEP on tidal volume and respiratory center output during synchronized ventilation in preterm infants.

Background Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) is routinely used in mechanically ventilated preterm infants to maintain lung volume. An acute increase in PEEP can affect lung mechanics and tidal volume, but it is unknown if these effects elicit compensatory changes in respiratory center output. Objectives To investigate the acute effects of changes in PEEP on tidal volume (VT), lung compliance (CL), and respiratory center output (RCO) during synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) in preterm infants at different levels of basal respiratory drive. Methods Preterm infants were studied during SIMV at three levels of PEEP (2, 4, and 6 cm H2O for 2–3 min each) and at two levels of inspired CO2. Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) was adjusted to maintain the same delta pressure at the airway. RCO was assessed by measuring total diaphragmatic electrical activity. The level of inspired CO2 was adjusted by modifying the instrumental dead space. Results Sixteen preterm infants GA: 25 ± 2 weeks, BW: 786 ± 242 g, age: 18 ± 15 days, SIMV: rate 14 ± 3 b/min, Ti: 0.35 ± 0.01 s, PIP: 16 ± 1 cm H2O, and FiO2: 0.31 ± 0.06 were studied. At both levels of inspired CO2, CL, VT, and V′E from spontaneous and mechanical breaths decreased significantly with higher PEEP. RCO did not change, but at lower respiratory drive, there was a trend towards an increase in RCO with higher PEEP. Conclusion Higher PEEP levels can have acute negative effects on lung mechanics and ventilation in preterm infants without a sufficient compensatory increase in RCO. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2006; 41: 759–764. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Testing a Passive Revegetation Approach for Restoring Coastal Plain Depression Wetlands

Restoration of coastal plain depressions, a biologically significant and threatened wetland type of the southeastern United States, has received little systematic research. Within the context of an experimental project designed to evaluate several restoration approaches, we tested whether successful revegetation can be achieved by passive methods (recruitment from seed banks or seed dispersal) that allow for wetland ‘‘self-design’’ in response to hydrologic recovery. For 16 forested depressions that historically had been drained and altered, drainage ditches were plugged to reestablish natural ponding regimes, and the successional forest was harvested to open the sites and promote establishment of emergent wetland vegetation. We sampled seed bank and vegetation composition 1 year before restoration and monitored vegetation response for 3 years after. Following forest removal and ditch plugging, the restored wetlands quickly developed a dense cover of herbaceous plant species, of which roughly half were wetland species. Seed banks were a major source of wetland species for early revegetation. However, hydrologic recovery was slowed by a prolonged drought, which allowed nonwetland plant species to establish from seed banks and dispersal or to regrow after site harvest. Some nonwetland species were later suppressed by ponded conditions in the third year, but resprouting woody plants persisted and could alter the future trajectory of revegetation. Some characteristic wetland species were largely absent in the restored sites, indicating that passive methods may not fully replicate the composition of reference systems. Passive revegetation was partially successful, but regional droughts present inherent challenges to restoring depressional wetlands whose hydrologic regimes are strongly controlled by rainfall variability.
Government regulatory influences on opioid prescribing and their impact on the treatment of pain of nonmalignant origin.

Abstract Interpretation of regulations establishing standards for prescribing opioids by government regulatory boards and drug-enforcement agencies is more restrictive for treatment of nonmalignant pain than for malignant pain. Authority to regulate opioids is provided by health practice acts enacted by state governments, and controlled substances acts, enacted by both state and federal governments. The methods used by boards/agencies to determine standards of practice for opioid use result in interpreting the language in these regulations based on myths, prejudices, and misinformation about opioids, and the unexamined belief that mere exposure of patients to these drugs causes psychological dependence (addiction) on them to all patients in all instances. Interpretation is also strongly influenced by a failure of regulatory and enforcement bodies to recognize their coequal obligation of making opioids readily available to those who need them for legitimate medical purposes, while simultaneously policing their diversion to illegitimate uses. Emphasis on the police function of preventing diversion is paramount. Disciplining practitioners using standards based on myths, prejudices, etc., reinforces physicians' fears of prescribing opioids for nonmalignant pain. Patients with nonmalignant pain who are not relieved tf opioids are not provided will continue to suffer until regulatory boards/drug enforcement agencies define the standards of practice for opioid use for nonmalignant pain in dear and unequivocal terms. It is unlikely these standards will be developed until there is a consensus among pain specialists about opioid use for nonmalignant pain because boards/agencies have no consistent, reliable source of expert information: Pain specialists should initiate efforts to develop this consensus.
A Kashmiri Equation

"The issue of the Kashmiri question is the longest dispute as of today going back to the formation of the United Nations in 1947. There have been many solutions put forward to find a solution which has been suggested involving all five stakeholders in this complex equation; The Republic of India, The Islamic Republ ic of Pakistan, The People’s Republic of China, Azad Kashmir, and independence o rganizations with each having its own claim to a part of this region. In addition, th e newly formed BJP led government of India would like to have a debate on Article 370 of the Constitution of India and possibly abrogate it since it gives autonomy and special ter ritory status to the Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir. Questions such as are what are the legal repercussions of removing the article for the Indian side of the border consi dering Indian national legislation such as The Delhi Accord (1952) or 1974 Indira-Sheikh Ac cord? Is there any future for the current bi-lateral treaties (ex: The Simla Agreemen t (1972) or Washington Accord (1999)) between India and Pakistan to play a role ifinal status of Kashmir taking into account The Vienna Law of Treaties (1969) unde r international law? Will the Jammu & Kashmir of Indiaas we have known it be left without any link to the Union if Article 370 is abrogated, therefore, liberating it? Or will it default to the Union like an automatic resulting trust would when there is no ce rtainty on the subject matter are valid and good questions to ask. The Pakistani side of th e border of the once Kingdom of Jammu K namely Gilgit-Baltistan’s (aka form erly known as “Northern Areas”) relationship with Pakistan is also examined and how that will factor into a political equation considering the political parties operatin g there and local aspirations. Will separatist movements gain anything by sustaining or abrogating Article 370 or executing the bi-lateral treaties to find a political solution? To what extent does China’s role extend to with its claim to Aksai Chin in the context of a n entire political solution? We will examine the legal implications of abrogating Articl e 370 first including the validity of bilateral treaties and second, examine a political so lution which was endorsed by proIndian Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah, the Indian state oK namely a “condominium” based on the principles of “joint sovereignty” under inte rnational law with considerations to a “coregency” as well.”
Frontal release signs among patients with schizophrenia, their first-degree biological relatives, and non-psychiatric controls.

Abstract Background Frontal release signs (FRS) are a subset of neurological soft signs that are overrepresented among patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected relatives and may be correlated with neuropsychological functioning and chronicity of illness. This study sought to explore FRS and their associations with verbal memory and symptoms of schizophrenia in an African American sample of patients, and FRS and their associations with verbal memory and schizotypal features among first-degree relatives and non-psychiatric controls. Method FRS, verbal memory, schizophrenia symptoms (in patients), and schizotypal features (in relatives and controls) were assessed in 63 patients with schizophrenia and related disorders, 33 of their unaffected first-degree relatives, and 51 controls. Results Patients and their relatives displayed greater FRS than controls. Among relatives and controls, greater FRS were related to greater self-reported disorganized and interpersonal features of schizotypal personality disorder. FRS were not associated with patients' schizophrenia symptoms in the expected direction. In the entire sample, greater FRS were associated with poorer verbal working memory. Conclusions Because they are easy to assess, may be correlated with neuropsychological functioning, and appear to covary with level of genetic diathesis for schizophrenia, the study of FRS may shed light on the neurodevelopmental processes that underlie schizophrenia.
Delay of the Proestrous Ovulatory Surge of LH in the Hamster by Pentobarbital or Ether

Female hamsters maintained on a 14:10 light-dark schedule with the lights on from 0500 to 1900 were employed to investigate the effects of general anesthetics on the proestrous release of pituitary LH. Ovulation is not blocked in the hamster as in the rat by treatment with pentobarbital (PB) during the critical period. Phenobarbital (Phen) does block ovulation in the hamster if administered at the beginning of the critical period (1300) but fails to block if given two hr later (1500). Neither PB nor ether anesthesia for 2–5 hr blocked ovulation, but did delay the neural stimulus for the ovulatory surge of LH. Ovulation was blocked with Phen administered at 1700 following PB or ether anesthesia from 1300–1700. Deep anesthesia could be maintained for five hr (1300–1800) without blocking ovulation, but six hr under PB or ether prevented ovulation. If the hamsters were allowed to recover for one hr after PB anesthesia from 1300–1500, Phen was ineffective in blocking ovulation. With ether anesthesia from 1300–...
Rendezvous Search on the Labeled Line

The rendezvous search problem is the problem of finding optimal search strategies for two people who are placed randomly on a known search region and want to meet each other in minimal expected time. We focus on initial location distributions that are centrally symmetric and nonincreasing as one moves away from the center, including the discretized and/or truncated Gaussian densities. When the search region is a discrete or a continuous interval, and the interval is labeled so that the searchers know their own location at all times, we prove that the optimal strategy for both searchers is to go directly to the center and wait there. The same result also holds for rendezvous search on the infinite line.
Overview of the military orthopaedic surgery residency application and selection process.

ABSTRACTThe military offers eight Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited orthopaedic surgery programs with 33 total positions. The Army has 19 orthopedic surgery residency positions and averaged 1.47 applicants per position from 2007 to 2011. Applicants most commonly become eligible for military orthopaedic surgery residency through attendance of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences or participation in the Health Professions Scholarship Program. The Military Operational Data System begins registration on July 1st of the preceding year and is used to match all applicants. The ranking and selection of applicants from medical school is based 50% upon objective criteria regarding the applicant's medical school performance and 50% on the applicant's potential for successful practice as an orthopaedic surgeon. Medical school performance data examined include medical school transcript, Dean's letter, and United States Medical Licensing Examination steps I and II/Compr...
Language ID-based training of multilingual stacked bottleneck features.

In this paper, we explore multilingual feature-level data sharing via Deep Neural Network (DNN) stacked bottleneck features. Given a set of available source languages, we apply language identification to pick the language most similar to the target language, for more efficient use of multilingual resources. Our experiments with IARPA-Babel languages show that bottleneck features trained on the most similar source language perform better than those trained on all available source languages. Further analysis suggests that only data similar to the target language is useful for multilingual training. Index Terms: Multilingual, Bottleneck features, DNN
Estrogen differentially alters the activity of male rats in plain and enhanced environments

To enable investigation of the short latency effects of estradiol, locomotor activity was monitored during a single 10-min session in adult male rats (n=71) that were either naive or adapted to the experimental testing procedures. All animals were administered either oil or 50 μg/kg estradiol benzoate (EB) 30 min before the session and were tested in an environment that was either plain or enhanced with four odorants (ethanol, ammonia, cedar oil, and female rat urine). Compared with activity of control animals, the activity of naive rats was decreased both by EB treatment and by odor enhancement of the environment, but activity was not reduced in naive animals by the combination of EB treatment and odor enhancement. In contrast to the activity of naive animals, the activity of adapted animals was not affected by EB treatment, odor enhancement, or a combination of both. The behavior of naive rats during locomotor activity testing suggested that a short-latency, presumably nongenomic, effect of EB altered the animals#’ reactions to odors in the novel environment.
The Teaching of the Concept of Cross Elasticity of Supply in Universities and in Law Schools

This article examines the use of the cross elasticity of supply as a relevant criterion in the process of defining relevant product markets. It provides a brief review of the emergence of the concept in the economics profession and traces its gradual acceptance as a criterion for defining relevant markets in the federal court system. Further, the author examines the degree to which the concept of cross elasticity of supply is taught in economics courses at the university level in the U. S. and Canada, as well as in antitrust law texts used in American law schools. He finds that although the concept is seldom discussed in economics texts used in the aforementioned universities, it is more consistently dealt with in antitrust law texts used in U. S. law schools.
Stimulation of renin release by hyperkalemia in the nonfiltering kidney

This study was designed to analyze the acute effects of hyperkalemia on renin release in the normal filtering kidney and the nonfiltering kidney. Plasma K was increased by acute intravenous KCl infusion. In the normal filtering kidney experiment plasma K was 5.7 vs. 3.5 meq/l. Hyperkalemia resulted in a 45% increase in renal blood flow (RBF) and a 35% increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at the 120-mmHg pressure level. Renin release was significantly greater in the hyperkalemic group than in the control group (P less than 0.01) with the greatest effect over the lower pressure range. In the nonfiltering kidney experiment plasma K was 6.09 vs. 3.5 meq/l. RBF was 33% greater in the hyperkalemic than in the normokalemic group at the 130-mmHg pressure level. Renin release was also greater in the hyperkalemic group than in the normokalemic group (P less than 0.01). However, unlike the normal filtering kidney experiments, in the nonfiltering kidneys the difference in renin release was most prominent at the highest level of renal perfusion pressure. These experiments demonstrate that acute hyperkalemia can cause renal vasodilation and stimulate renin release in both filtering and nonfiltering kidney preparations and that potassium may affect renin release both through a direct effect on the juxtaglomerular cells and indirectly by affecting delivery of fluid and/or NaCl to the macula densa.
Microsurgical vasovasostomy: immunologic consequences and subsequent fertility

Fifty-five men have undergone microsurgical vasovasostomy with at least a 1 -year follow-up. Serum samples from these men were obtained in the preoperative and postoperative periods, and titers of agglutinating and immobilizing antibodies were measured and evaluated in relationship to subsequent fertility. Of the 35 patients in whom adequate serum and semen samples were obtained over a period of 1year, 17 men proved their fertility and 18 patients in the allotted time span had not yet fathered any children. No statistically significant difference in the level of antibody titers could be found between the fertile group and the infertile group. Seminal antibody titers were determined in 25 men. Five of these men have thus far impregnated their wives. Only a small number of men were found to have positive titers for agglutinating and/or immobilizing antibodies in their semen. The presence or absence of spermagglutinating and/or sperm-immobilizing antibodies in the sera of men who have undergone vasectomy reversal does not seem to interfere with subsequent fertility.
Detached Eddy Rotor/Stator Interaction Conjugate Simulations of Film-Cooled Turbine Sections

A conjugate detached-eddy rotor/stator interaction simulation of a single-stage, filmcooled high-pressure turbine mid-span section is presented. In regions where the local grid spacing is less than the turbulent mixing length, the detached-eddy turbulence model of Bush and Mani is used to predict the turbulent viscosity. Outside of those regions, the Wilcox two-equation k-ω turbulence model is used. Time-averaged and instantaneous results from the detached-eddy simulation (DES) are compared to results from a similar unsteady, film-cooled Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulation, a detachededdy uncooled, adiabatic wall simulation, as well as experimental data. The numerical techniques used in the procedure are described along with details of the turbine stage flow and thermal fields.
Adolescent Perspectives on Addressing Youth Violence in the Primary Care Setting.

BACKGROUND: Youth violence is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among adolescents, yet rarely discussed during preventative care visits. The aim of this study was to understand the perspectives of adolescents on youth violence and health, and to determine facilitators and barriers to discussion in the primary care setting. METHODS: We conducted 5 structured focus groups with adolescents from a local community organization. Each focus group was made up of 3-10 male and female participants ranging from ages 12-24. Transcripts were analyzed for recurrent themes. RESULTS: All participants had personal experience with violence or close contacts affected by violence, though few had discussed violence with their primary care physician. Themes included (1) violence plays a large role in youth's health, well-being, and behavior choices; (2) youth do not inherently trust physicians; (3) physicians do not ask about violence; and (4) youth have mixed feelings on how physicians could help them with the violence in their lives. CONCLUSIONS: Barriers to youth violence discussions include youths' discomfort, mistrust, and discordant expectations of their providers, and lack of physician inquiry about violence in the primary care setting. [Full article available at http://rimed.org/rimedicaljournal-2016-05.asp, free with no login]. Language: en
Dynamic Reliability Sensitivity Design of Forestry Mechanical Structures

Based on random load and strength degradation,a dynamic reliability function equation model is established using stochastic process and sequence statistical theory.By combining reliability design theory with sensibility analysis method,the calculation method of the sensibility design of dynamic reliability is put forward and the change law of the sensitivity of each parameter is presented,with the effect of the change in design parameters on the reliability of forestry machinery analyzed.
The Impact of Marital and Socioeconomic Status on Outcomes of Patients with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

Background: Marital status, social support, and socioeconomic status (SES) have been long identified as factors that have a role in outcomes in patient care and health. In patients with solid malignancies, both marital status and socioeconomic status influence the timing and stage of disease presentation. In such malignancies, late presentations are often consistent with incurable metastatic disease. In contrast, patients with hematological malignancies are often considered to have curable disease independent of their stage or timing of presentation. Given this discrepancy, we set out to determine the impact of marital status and SES on outcomes in patients with highly curable hematological malignancies such as acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML). Methods: We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program to identify patients diagnosed with APML between 1999 and 2010. Linkage of SEER to Area Health Resources Files (AHRF) allowed county-level evaluation of socioeconomic factors. The association of individual patient factors on both 30-day mortality and long-term survival were analyzed to evaluate for differing influence on early-versus-delayed APML mortality. Results: A total of 2,635 individuals had baseline and follow-up information available for multivariable logistic regression and Cox regression analysis. The models included a standardized socioeconomic status (SES) index along with measures of county-level uninsurance rates and urban-rural stratification. In addition to increased early mortality with rising age, the likelihood of death during the first 30 days was higher in men (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.01-1.44; p = 0.04). Marital status was not a significant predictor of death at 30 days, but there was a 2% increase in the odds of early death with every 1% increase of county-level uninsurance (p = 0.02). Conversely, gender and census-level uninsurance rates did not predict survival beyond the first 30 days, however, marriage and SES index above the median were associated with improved long-term survival (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.57-0.81; OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.46 – 0.84 respectively, p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: The impact of marital status, gender, and socioeconomic factors on clinical outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed APML appears to differ between the early acute and late clinical settings. Male sex and uninsurance rates were associated with early APML mortality and may suggest delay in seeking acute medical care. Marital and SES status appear to have greater influence on late survival of patients with APML and may be related to improvements in long-term medical adherence. Overall, our analysis suggests marital status, insurance coverage, and SES factors affect the outcomes of patients with APML, a highly curable malignancy. Future studies investigating the impact of social support on outcomes of other highly curable hematological malignancies may allow identification of important patient factors that affect clinical course. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Neck pain part 2: optimizing treatment and rehabilitation.

Most nontraumatic conditions brief that produce neck pain can be managed by primary care physicians, with physical therapy to augment rehabilitation. One key role the physician can often play is to reassure the patient that the injury is not serious. After that, the goal of immediate treatment is to minimize pain and inflammation with nonsteroidal medication and icing. Other options can include brief bed rest, narcotic analgesics, a cervical collar, and, depending on the condition, corticosteroids, local injections, acetaminophen, and moist heat. Rehabilitation to recover lost function should address the entire kinetic chain and include an aerobic component. Return to play must be gradual. Some injured or aging patients may have to cut back on activity or cross-train to maintain an active lifestyle.
Reexamining the influence of large clients on office-level auditor reporting decisions: A replication study

Purpose – This paper revisits the Reynolds and Francis’ (2001) study via the use of a more current dataset, incorporation of improvements into the accrual model and the use of actual fee data vs estimates. Using the improved analyses, the purpose of this paper is to examine whether more conservative auditors’ reports on larger clients are still evident. Design/methodology/approach – The paper follows Reynolds and Francis (2001) in using a regression model with White-adjusted t-statistics for the discretionary accrual model and a logistic model for going concern analysis. The most current discretionary accrual model is used to improve the original model, use actual fee data (not available previously), and add analyses using the two components of total fees (i.e. audit and non-audit fees). Findings – As opposed to Reynolds and Francis (2001), the results show that the Big Five auditors are less conservative with higher-paying clients as they allow their clients to have more discretionary accruals. While Rey...
The Impact of Popular Media on Infant/Toddler Language Development: Research-based Recommendations for Working with Families

The rapid growth of television programs and DVDs marketed to infants and toddlers has changed the context of early learning experiences. Many of these products make educational claims that attract families with the intent of using the content to increase their child’s language development. Social development theory explains the importance of a child’s interactions with other adults and children in order to gain knowledge about their world. Current research on young children’s language development and media usage provides a variety of research-based conclusions that are contingent upon the child’s age and the content of the program. Early education professionals are in a position to inform families about current research findings on the dangers of passive screen media usage before the age of 2 as well as the potential benefits of later viewing. Recommendations for infant-centered early language experiences and media usage are provided to assist families in making age-appropriate choices for their young child’s early language experiences.
1. ESQUEMAS CONCEPTUALES ASOCIADOS A DEFINICIONES MATEMÁTICAS. CASO EL ESTUDIANTE UNO

The present manuscript is part of a wider research in Didactics of Mathematics which consists of analyzing previous conceptual schemata associated to the definition of Integral calculation and their evolution in students from a deanery at the University Centroocidental Lisandro Alvarado. The research was conceptually framed under the cognitive theory of Advanced Mathematical Thinking (AMT) and methodologically framed under the qualitative approach in the modality of case study. Among the findings it is possible to mention: (a) most of the students recognize the definitions; however, they present ideas associated to algorithmic processes; (b) at the end of the course, those schemata evolved as the students were in touch with formal theory. Nevertheless, a student (case one) started with formal ideas and finished with a formal knowledge by using formal, informal and mixed learning routes for its construction.
Application of an Optimization Model for the Sustainable Water Resource Management of River Basins

An optimization model for the sustainable water resource management that maximizes sustainable net economic benefit over a long-term planning horizon is applied to the Prescott Active Management Area (Prescott AMA), a management area in north-central Arizona experiencing rapid population growth and limited water resources. Population growth in the Prescott AMA has stressed available water resources and a plan has been proposed to pump and transport ground-water from a remote location. Studies have suggested that pumping water at the proposed location will impact flows on the Verde River. Four scenarios were evaluated for purposes of validating the developed model, to gage the model viability, and to provide examples of potential application. This paper serves to illustrate the modeling capabilities available in the optimization model.
Living with Earthquakes and Angry Deities at the Himalayan Borderlands

The Indian Himalayan Region, a climate change hotspot, is witnessing a massive surge in hydropower development alongside a dramatic rise in natural hazard events. This article explores indigenous p...
Nature and Nurture: It Matters for Stem Cells, Too.

The field of regenerative medicine using cell-based therapies has entered a new phase, integrating bio-compatible materials to support transplanted cells in vivo. Early studies in regenerative medicine found that simply injecting cells into the myocardium in animal models regenerated damaged muscle
A self correcting low jitter non-sequential phase detector

This paper describes a novel technique of phase detection using only non-sequential elements that can be used in clock and data recovery (CDR) circuits. CDR circuits typically employ a phase locked loop (PLL) or a delay locked loop (DLL) when a reference clock is available at exactly the same frequency of the transmitted data. CDR circuits using a PLL use either a linear phase detector or a non-linear phase detector depending on design parameters like jitter tolerance and data transmission speeds. Most linear and non-linear phase detectors in CDR circuits are implemented by using sequential elements and latches that easily fall into the metastable region at high speeds thereby increasing the jitter in locked conditions. In this paper a novel linear phase detector is presented which uses only non sequential elements and delays to achieve lock.
The JLab IR upgrade FEL facility

A new THz/IR/UV photon source at Jefferson Lab is the first of a new generation of light sources based on an energy-recovered, (superconducting) Linac (ERL). The source is based on coherent collective radiation from electrons via magnetic bends or in lasing of a pair of free electron lasers. We present a description of the system and its application.
CATTLE DIP AND SHARK LIVER OIL IN A TECHNO-CHEMICAL COLONIAL STATE: THE POISONING AT MALANGALI SCHOOL, TANGANYIKA, 1934*

In October 1934, a group of schoolgirls at Malangali School in Iringa Province, Tanganyika received doses of what the school headmistress thought was shark liver oil. Many girls began to spit and vomit the medicine, while others attempted to leave the school grounds to return home. Within three hours, several pupils had died and within three days, another 32 girls succumbed to the toxic draught. This article examines this little known and poorly understood tragedy through the lens of the scientific and social experimentation that occurred at Malangali School. As one of two government- run schools that enrolled girls, Malangali provided the colonial state with an opportunity to conduct a variety of experiments upon a captive audience. This article argues that the ‘discovery of colonial malnutrition’ in the interwar period not only depoliticized hunger but its emphasis on techno-chemical approaches to social and material problems led to tragedy.
Psychosocial outcomes of siblings of pediatric stem cell transplant survivors.

9528 Background: In addition to associated morbidity and mortality of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for the recipient, one of the consequences is the impact of the HSCT experience on the family. Our aim was to describe the psychosocial health of siblings of HSCT survivors and to identify factors with adverse psychosocial health. Methods: A multi-institutional cross-sectional study design was utilized to assess parent-reported sibling psychosocial health, as measured by the Short Form (SF)-10 Health Survey for Children and the Pediatric Symptom Checklist 17 (PSC-17). Parent physical / emotional health was assessed using the SF-12. Family impact was assessed using the Impact on Family Scale. HSCT and demographic data were collected. Summary statistics were calculated and compared to norms. Associations between sibling psychosocial health and parent physical / emotional health as well as family impact were assessed using correlations and regression. Results: Eighty-nine siblings (53% males) ...
Harnessing the power of digital droplet PCR to conduct real-world microbial competitions.

The budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has a long and storied history as a model organism for genetic, cellular and molecular biological research. More recently, researchers have sought to understand the ecology and evolution of its sister species, Saccharomyces paradoxus, in part to put our vast knowledge of the model yeast into its natural context (Replansky et al. ). However, the research tools have been limited, and most investigations into natural populations have either been descriptions of patterns of biogeography or taken the organism back into the laboratory for mating, growth and competition assays (Kuehne et al. ; Miller & Greig ; Murphy & Zeyl ; Samani et al. ). The link between what occurs out in the real world and what is measured in the laboratory has not yet been made, as so much is still unknown about the natural history of these yeasts. In this issue of Molecular Ecology Resources, Boynton et al. () take a major step towards bridging laboratory studies with field ecological research. By isolating a panel of S. paradoxus strains from a wooded area, culturing them in the laboratory, reintroducing pairs back into their habitat on natural substrate and monitoring the frequency of individual strains using digital droplet PCR, the researchers were able to use the framework of laboratory-based microbial competitions, but conduct them in a natural setting. While there is still more to learn about how to optimize this approach, it represents an exciting step in microbial ecological research and should prove an important tool for other species and numerous ecological questions.
Engaging Latino fathers into early head start: A review of the literature

Abstract In the United States (U.S.), Early Head Start programs provide important services and resources that can benefit children and families. While additional benefits occur when these programs engage fathers, Early Head Start has historically experienced challenges engaging fathers, generally, and Latino fathers in particular. Identifying practices that successfully engage Latino fathers is particularly important as Latinas/os account for more than half of the U.S. population growth since 2000. We reviewed the relevant research and evaluation literature, identifying 23 engagement practices with some degree of empirical support. These practices highlight the roles of organizational change and of cultural responsiveness in engaging U.S. Latino fathers. Our discussion focuses on the implications of these findings for research and practice.
In Vivo Optical Detection and Spectral Triangulation of Carbon Nanotubes.

In the first in vivo demonstration of spectral triangulation, biocompatible composites of single-walled carbon nanotubes in Matrigel have been surgically implanted into mouse ovaries and then noninvasively detected and located. This optical method deduces the three-dimensional position of a short-wave IR emission source from the wavelength-dependent attenuation of fluorescence in tissues. Measurements were performed with a second-generation optical scanner that uses a light-emitting diode matrix emitting at 736 nm for diffuse specimen excitation. The intrinsic short-wave IR fluorescence of the nanotubes was collected at various positions on the specimen surface, spectrally filtered, and detected by a photon-counting InGaAs avalanche photodiode. Sensitivity studies showed a detection limit of ∼120 pg of nanotubes located beneath ∼3 mm of tissue. In addition, the mass and location of implanted nanotubes could be deduced through spectral triangulation with sub-millimeter accuracy, as validated with the aid o...
Cimaterol-induced muscle hypertrophy and altered endocrine status in lambs.

The objectives of this study were 1) to determine how cellular growth of skeletal muscle is altered by the repartitioning agent cimaterol and 2) to determine if cimaterol alters endocrine status in association with its repartitioning effects. Thirty Dorset wether lambs were randomly assigned to a pre-treatment baseline group or received 0 or 10 ppm cimaterol in a complete, mixed, high-concentrate diet for 7 or 12 wk. Weights of biceps femoris (BF), semimembranosus (SM) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles were 32.8, 27.1 and 31.5% greater, respectively, in treated lambs at 7 wk, and were 22 to 24% greater at 12 wk. Longissimus (LD) cross-sectional area was 26 and 32% greater at these treatment intervals. Percent type I fibers declined significantly over the course of the experiment in ST, SM and LD, and cimaterol caused a small but significant reduction in percent type I fibers in the ST at 7 and 12 wk. Muscles from lambs fed cimaterol contained 50 and 75% more fibers that exhibited negative staining for phosphorylase activity. Mean cross-sectional area of type I and type II fibers in the combined portions of the ST were 30.4 and 29.3% greater, respectively, in cimaterol-fed lambs after 12 wk, while type I and type II fiber areas in the longissimus were only 13 and 15% greater, respectively. Cimaterol-induced hypertrophy of the ST resulted in both protein and RNA content being 30 to 35% greater (P<.01) at 7 and 12 wk, while DNA concentration was 22% less (P<.O1) at 7 wk. DNA concentration returned to normal by 12 wk. These results indicate that cimaterol elicits a rapid increase in muscle RNA and protein accretion without concurrent incorporation of satellite cell nuclei. Plasma insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations were 55 and 34% lower, respectively, in cimaterol-fed lambs. Plasma somatotropin concentration and area under the curve were 2.3 times greater (P<.01) in lambs fed cimaterol for 6 wk, while plasma cortisol, prolactin and glucose concentration were unaffected at 6 or 12 wk. The significant changes in endocrine status may be important in the mechanism(s) of cimaterol in altering muscle accretion.
Fully Integrated Wearable Impedance Cytometry Platform on Flexible Circuit Board With Online Smartphone Readout

We present a wearable microfluidic impedance cytometer implemented on a flexible circuit wristband with on-line smartphone readout for portable biomarker counting and analysis. The platform contains a standard polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic channel integrated on a wristband, and the circuitry on the wristband is composed of a custom analog lock-in amplification system, a microcontroller with an 8-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and a Bluetooth module wirelessly paired with a smartphone. The lock-in amplification (LIA) system is implemented with a novel architecture which consists of the lock-in amplifier followed by a high-pass filter stage with DC offset subtraction, and a post-subtraction high gain stage enabling detection of particles as small as 2.8 μm using the 8-bit ADC. The Android smartphone application was used to initiate the system and for offline data-plotting and peak counting, and supports online data readout, analysis, and file management. The data is exportable to researchers and medical professionals for in-depth analysis and remote health monitoring. The system, including the microfluidic sensor, microcontroller, and Bluetooth module all fit on the wristband with a footprint of less than 80 cm2. We demonstrate the ability of the system to obtain generalized blood cell counts; however the system can be applied to a wide variety of biomarkers by interchanging the standard microfluidic channel with microfluidic channels designed for biomarker isolation.
Cross Sectional Imaging of the Ear and Temporal Bone

CT and MR imaging are essential cross-sectional imaging modalities for assessment of temporal bone anatomy and pathology. The choice of CT versus MR depends on the structures and the disease processes that require assessment, delineation, and characterization. A thorough knowledge of the two imaging modalities’ capabilities and of temporal bone anatomy greatly facilitates imaging interpretation of pathologic conditions.