cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Critical Race Theory, Transborder Theory, and Code Switching in the Trump Years

The national decline in the humanities suggests not only a systemic shift but also a cultural shift that can be addressed locally in the classroom. Since the presidential election of 2016, there has been a rise in race-based hate speech. First-year writing students are very interested in this. In this environment, then, teaching with Critical Race Theory as a toolset to unpack the Serial podcast, with Walter Benjamin and Terry Eagleton when addressing the cost of education, and with Latinx theory in conjunction with The Hand That Feeds and A Better Life, for example, provides students with an introduction to the critical capabilities the humanities offers. Furthermore, it addresses the national spike in hate groups and the rise in racism, and can be applied to readings of popular culture the students consume. In this chapter, a pedagogical model is outlined in which students write in response to these topics and the corresponding theoretical approaches through rhetorical analysis, persuasive writing, and personal writing reflecting on privilege.
Influenza Virus and Reye’s Syndrome

In 1963, in Australia, Reye, Morgan and Baral reported 21 cases of a newly recognized clinical and pathologic entity (1). In the children they studied, a mild prodromal illness of malaise, cough, sore throat, ear ache, and rhinorrhea usually occurred. One to three days later severe vomiting, convulsions and profoundly disturbed consciousness developed. Seventeen children died. At autopsy, all had cerebral edema and fatty metamorphosis of the viscera. That same year in the United States, Johnson et al. reported 16 children with a similar illness (2). These investigators noted that the peak incidence of the cases coincided with an influenza B virus epidemic that was present in North Carolina. The association of Reye’s syndrome with influenza virus dates back to the original pair of observations. This chapter will review the clinical, biochemical, pathologic and experimental studies that focus on the association between influenza virus and Reye’s syndrome.
AFFECTIONATE PHYSICAL TOUCH MITIGATES PAIN AND EMOTIONAL DISTRESS IN OLDER ADULTS

Although research suggests that social interactions can decrease pain and emotional distress, it is unclear what produces these salubrious effects. We examined whether older adults experienced lower pain and emotional distress after two types of social interactions (affectionate physical contact and non-physical pleasant interactions) using data from the Einstein Aging Study (N=193, age=70-92). Participants completed a 14-day ecological momentary assessment protocol via which they reported the quality of recent social interaction, types of physical touch, levels of current stress, negative affect, and pain intensity five times a day. Multilevel models indicated that, following affectionate physical contact, individuals reported low levels of current pain intensity, negative affect, and stress (ps<.05). Following a pleasant non-physical interaction, individuals reported low negative affect (p<.05); pleasant interactions did not predict current pain or stress. Results highlight the potential unique utility of affectionate physical contact versus mere pleasant social interactions in older adults’ daily lives.
With the Veil Removed: Women's Public Nudity in the Early Roman Empire

This paper explores the dynamics of women9s public nudity in the early Roman empire, centering particularly on two festival occasions—the rites of Venus Verticordia and Fortuna Virilis on April 1, and the Floralia in late April—and on the respective social and spatial contexts of those festivals: the baths and the theater. In the early empire, these two social spaces regularly remove or complicate some of the markers that divide Roman women by sociosexual status. The festivals and the ritual nudity within them focus attention on the negotiations of social boundaries within these spaces, and the occasions for cross-class identification among women they provide.
Analysis and compensation of circulating currents errors in modular multilevel converters in low-frequency operation

Errors in the injected high-frequency circulating currents are originally investigated for modular multilevel converters (MMCs) in low-speed drive operation. The mathematical analysis reveals that the magnitude and phase errors in the injected circulating currents cause serious energy imbalance in the MMC arms, resulting in large voltage fluctuations in the submodules. Furthermore, these fluctuations get larger when the circulating currents are injected at higher frequencies, which reduces the drive system stability and damages the submodule capacitors. A remedy approach is proposed to minimise the error effects by adjusting the circulating current command. A full-scale system comprising a 1 MVA MMC and a 1 MW induction machine is simulated to verify the theoretical analysis. The experimental investigation of a down-scale MMC feeding an inductor is also conducted to validate the theoretical results.
Designing Scalable and High-Performance MPI Libraries on Amazon Elastic Fabric Adapter

Amazon has recently announced a new network interface named Elastic Fabric Adapter (EFA) targeted towards tightly coupled HPC workloads. In this paper, we characterize the features, capabilities and performance of the adapter. We also explore how its transport models such as UD and SRD (Scalable Reliable Datagram) impact the design of high-performance MPI libraries. Our evaluations show that hardware level reliability provided by SRD can significantly improve the performance of MPI communication. We also propose a new zero-copy transfer mechanism over unreliable and orderless channels that can reduce the communication latency of large messages. The proposed design also shows significant improvement in collective and application performance against the vendor provided MPI library.
Interchange Formats for Visualization: LIF and MMIF

Promoting interoperrable computational linguistics (CL) and natural language processing (NLP) application platforms and interchange-able data formats have contributed improving discoverabilty and accessbility of the openly available NLP software. In this paper, wediscuss the enhanced data visualization capabilities that are also enabled by inter-operating NLP pipelines and interchange formats.For adding openly available visualization tools and graphical annotation tools to the Language Applications Grid (LAPPS Grid) andComputational Linguistics Applications for Multimedia Services (CLAMS) toolboxes, we have developed interchange formats that cancarry annotations and metadata for text and audiovisual source data. We descibe those data formats and present case studies where wesuccessfully adopt open-source visualization tools and combine them with CL tools.
Decision making in the absence of successful fact finding: theory and experimental evidence on adversarial versus inquisitorial systems of adjudication

Abstract In this paper, we use experimental data to test theoretical predictions concerning the differences in decisional treatment between adversarial and inquisitorial systems where the proceedings fail to achieve explicit revelation of decisive facts, and suggest new directions for future research. In particular, we use our data: (1) to test the hypothesis of Shin [RAND J. Econ. 26 (2) (1998) 378] that adversarial versus inquisitorial decision systems will differ in their reaction to the case of non-revelation in a predictably systematic manner and (2) to test the predictions of Dewatripont and Tirole [J. Politic. Econ. 107 (1) (1999) 1] concerning the types of errors that are likely to result from both procedures. We find that our experimental subjects’ decision-making pattern does not follow the inferential process postulated by Shin. However, it does appear, as predicted by Dewatripont and Tirole, that our adversarial decision makers had a stronger tendency than inquisitorial decision makers toward an equal division of a contested stake, where revelation fails and formal burdens of proof are suppressed. Our results support the argument that formal burdens of proof, which provide default rules of decision where procedures fail to achieve revelation of decisive facts, are important to the efficient functioning of adversarial systems of adjudication.
Real Men Read – A library led reading initiative program

The goal of the Real Men Read initiative was to provide Pre-K-6 students, especially boys, the opportunity to meet male mentors from the William Paterson University community who have a love of rea...
Electrical And Structural Characterization Of Gaas Vertical-sidewall Layers Grown By Atomic Layer Epitaxy

Electrical and structural measurements have been performed on novel test structures incorporatingp-type GaAs epilayers grown by organometallic vapor phase atomic layer epitaxy on the vertical sidewalls of semi-insulating GaAs rods formed by ion-beam-assisted etching. Preliminary results indicate that the vertical-sidewall epilayers have excellent crystal quality and sufficient electrical quality to support a sidewall-epitaxy device technology. Some examples of candidate electronic, electrooptic, and photonic devices for vertical-sidewall fabrication are FETs, resistors, waveguides, modulators, and quantum-wire and quantum-dot lasers.
The Experience of Teleworking with Dogs and Cats in the United States during COVID-19

In Spring of 2020, the novel coronavirus (SAR-CoV-2) prompted an unprecedented number of individuals across the United States to begin working from home. Prior research has identified both positive and negative impacts of teleworking on employee well-being, and this study built on that research to explore perceptions regarding how companion animals factor into the teleworking experience. Individuals who had experience working from home and from their employer's office completed an online survey about those experiences. Participants reported spending more quality time with their companion animals and family members when they worked from home. Furthermore, when working from home, individuals with dogs were more likely than those without dogs to report they socialized with other people, got a healthy amount of physical activity, and took at least one 15-min walk during the workday. Some participants, particularly those in households containing both dogs and cats, indicated that their pets created distractions during the workday. Future studies can build on this research by investigating whether the findings persist once the novel coronavirus is no longer a threat, and by paying close attention to the characteristics of pets, owners, and household dynamics that may influence the effects of pet ownership on the teleworking experience.
The effect of strain-hardening on the morphology and mechanical and dielectric properties of multi-layered PP foam/PP film

Abstract Polypropylene (PP) foams are important in various industrial applications due to their unique mechanical and electrical properties. However, fabrication of microcellular PP foams is still limited because of polymer's rheological properties. In this work, the influence of rheological properties and the layer confinement effect on the microcellular morphology of foam/film structure and the mechanical and dielectric properties were investigated. Two types of long chain branched polypropylenes (BPPs) were used and named as BPP1 and BPP2, respectively. Talc micro-particles were used as a nucleating agent for crystallization. In uniaxial extensional flow, both BPPs exhibited strong strain-hardening behavior with the Trouton ratios well above 3 at all extensional rates, regardless of the talc content; however, BPP2 exhibited more strain-hardening than BPP1. 16 and 32 layered foam/film structures were then fabricated with BPP2 and 32 layered foam/film was fabricated with BPP1. The lower strain-hardening of BPP1 caused cell collapse and showed very little evidence of film layers separating the foam layers, while the stronger strain-hardening of BPP2 resulted in stable cell layers near the surface of the sheet and a non-coalesced cell structure. Mechanical properties in compression showed large differences in compressive strain due to the difference in cell structures. Dielectric property measurement on biaxially oriented 32-layer BPP2 foam/film, the one that showed the best cell structure and mechanical properties, showed much higher apparent dielectric constant (6–7) and higher release and stored energy densities than those of neat biaxially oriented polypropylene films.
An Impressive Anthology of Microbiology Modeling [Book review]

Kalyani Nair reviews "Multiscale Modeling in Biomechanics and Mechanobiology", edited by S. De, W. Hwang, and E. Kuhl, declaring it useful for anyone looking to get a quick overview of the field over a broad spectrum of areas.
Nonfunctional Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle and the Mechanism of Glutamate Biosynthesis in Acetobacter suboxydans

Acetobacter suboxydans does not contain an active tricarboxylic acid cycle, yet two pathways have been suggested for glutamate synthesis from acetate catalyzed by cell extracts: a partial tricarboxylic acid cycle following an initial condensation of oxalacetate and acetyl coenzyme A. and the citramalate-mesaconate pathway following an initial condensation of pyruvate and acetyl coenzyme A. To determine which pathway functions in growing cells, acetate-1-14C was added to a culture growing in minimal medium. After growth had ceased, cells were recovered and fractionated. Radioactive glutamate was isolated from the cellular protein fraction, and the position of the radioactive label was determined. Decarboxylation of the C5 carbon removed 100% of the radioactivity found in the purified glutamate fraction. These experiments establish that growing cells synthesize glutamate via a partial tricarboxylic acid cycle. Aspartate isolated from these hydrolysates was not radioactive, thus providing further evidence for the lack of a complete tricarboxylic acid cycle. When cell extracts were analyzed, activity of all tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes, except succinate dehydrogenase, was demonstrated.
Global Bribery: The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act

Written for a European publication focusing on internal investigations, this piece seeks to introduce the reader to the fundamental elements of the American FCPA, including discussion of available defenses under the statute. Further, this piece discusses some of the collateral considerations that must be made during the investigation of an FCPA matter, particularly given the existence of overlapping anti-bribery provisions in various countries throughout the world and the likelihood of concurrent parallel proceedings both in the United States and abroad during the pendency of any international bribery matter. Finally, this piece offers some thoughts regarding FCPA compliance programs.
New millennium ST6 autonomous rendezvous experiment (ARX)

This paper presents an overview of the new millennium Space Technology 6 (ST6) Autonomous Rendezvous Experiment (ARX) mission and system. ARX is to be hosted as a payload on a United States Air Force research spacecraft. Launch is currently planned for the fall of 2004. The objective of the ARX experiment is to demonstrate and characterize an autonomous rendezvous system that autonomously locates and rendezvous with a passive object. For this experiment, the object is a sphere of approximately 20 cm diameter and simulates the current concept of the Mars sample return mission's Orbiting Sample (OS) canister. The spacecraft will carry the OS into orbit, and deploy it at the start of the experiment. The rendezvous system is centered on a light-weight, low-power scanning Laser Mapper (LAMP) sensor, providing high accuracy angle and range information, and a set of rendezvous guidance, navigation and control algorithms that autonomously guide the spacecraft to the desired state with respect to the OS. The experiment will execute a host of different transfer maneuvers, approach profiles and fly-around of the OS. The demonstrated rendezvous technology is applicable to all future planetary sample return missions, including the Mars sample return mission planned for the next decade. The operational experience gained from this experiment will benefit the design of future autonomous rendezvous and sample capture missions and systems where little or no 'ground-in-the-loop' control may be possible.
Equilibrium temperatures in a boundary-layer flow over a flat plate of absorbing-emitting gas.

Radiation transfer effect on equilibrium temperature for laminar boundary layer flow of absorbing-emitting gas over flat plate
Averting Apocalypse at Rajneeshpuram

From 1981 to 1986, most outsiders foretold bloodshed at Rajneeshpuram, the communal city in central Oregon that was built around an Indian charismatic leader, Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh (later known as Osho). However, violence never escalated to the point of mass murder, suicides, or large, collective attacks. The Rajneesh case provides a fruitful context to explore the question: How is large-scale collective violence in new religions averted? The case of Rajneeshpuram foregrounds three factors that were most important to relatively peaceful resolution of a situation fraught with danger: life-embracing doctrine, devotees' continued contact with networks outside Rajneeshpuram, and law enforcement committed to due process. Each of these influenced outcomes at different stages of tension between the group and the surrounding community. Close consideration of this case provides a framework to examine other alternative religious groups that have exploded in large-scale collective violence or appear to have the potential to do so.
The Influence of Reserpine on Late Growth of Turkeys

Abstract RESERPINE, a tranquilizing drug for humans, has been used in turkeys to reduce the effects of stress, and more specifically to prevent “aortic rupture.” Medication periods are usually measured in weeks. A review of the literature indicates wide variation in the effects of reserpine on growth rate and feed efficiency of turkeys. Burger (1959) observed a significant increase in growth of poults when fed 0.1 ppm. reserpine from 1 to 5.5 weeks of age. Ringer (1959) obtained increased body weights in poults fed 0.1 and 0.2 ppm. from 5 to 9 weeks of age. Growth tended to be suppressed by 0.3 and 0.4 ppm., and definitely depressed by 1.0 and 4.0 ppm. in the diet. Patrias (1960) depressed growth of poults by feeding 0.33 ppm. reserpine from 3 to 16 weeks of age. The same level fed from 16 to 22 weeks of age gave a significant increase in growth, …
Use of liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of pentoxifylline and lisofylline in plasma

A method was developed for the quantitation of pentoxifylline [1-(5-oxohexyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine] and a primary active metabolite, lisofylline [1-(5-hydroxyhexyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine], using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)–tandem mass spectrometry. This method was developed in order to overcome problems encountered with HPLC–ultraviolet detection. The operating parameters of the electrospray interface (PE SCIEX, TurboIon Spray) and lens voltages of the triple-quadrupole detector (PE SCIEX 365) were optimized in positive ion mode to obtain the best sensitivity of the analytes. Collision-induced dissociation was used to produce fragment ions, and multiple reaction monitoring was used to quantitate pentoxifylline (m/z 279/181) and lisofylline (m/z 263/181). Dichloromethane was used to extract the drug, metabolite, and the internal standard (3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine) from plasma. A reverse-phase C8(2) 150 × 1.0 mm HPLC column was used to resolve all three compounds in less than 6 min. Calibration curves were generated using peak area and were linear from 1 to 1000 ng/mL (R2 > 0.99). The small sample volume, ease of extraction, and sensitivity provide advantages over more conventional methods of quantitation. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supercritical fluid chromatography of glycosphingolipids

Abstract Glucose polymers and three classes of glycosphingolipids were permethylated and studied by supercritical fluid chromatography using a DB-5 coated capillary columns and carbon dioxide as the mobile phase. Column restrictors were fabricated at each column tip as described by E. J. Guthrie and H. E. Schwartz (1986, J. Chromatogr. Sci. 24 , 236). Sample elution was facilitated by a programmed increase in density and detection was by flame ionization. Compounds up to 3000 Da showed excellent resolution for structural variations in carbohydrate moieties and in alkane chain heterogeneity caused by the sphingoid or N -acyl alkane chain residues.
The Impact of an Ambulatory Firm System on Quality and Continuity of Care

The author assessed the effects on quality and continuity of care at a Veterans Affairs hospital as a result of its conversion to an interdisciplinary firm system. Before the firm system was implemented, ambulatory care at the hospital was provided in two medicine clinic areas and in one unscheduled "walk-in" clinic. Care for intercurrent illnesses was frequently not coordinated. The staff from eight clinical services were involved in restructuring into three, interdisciplinary firm teams. These firm teams were created without the addition of new staff. Quality was defined by patient satisfaction, staff satisfaction, re-admissions within 10 days of a hospital discharge, and length of visit. Continuity was defined by percentage of visits to the primary care team (defined as the physician or the physician paired with midlevel practitioner if applicable). Patient satisfaction increased from 4.43 to 4.84 (5-point Likert scale, P < .001). Staff satisfaction increased from 4.3 to 6.24 (7-point Likert scale, P < .001). Re-admissions within 10 days of hospital discharge decreased by 28% (P < .01). Length of visit decreased by 9.5% (P < .0001). Continuity improved from 47% to 69% of visits to the primary care team (P < .002). These results more than justified the staff time needed to convert to a firm system.
Differential roles of KLF4 in the development and differentiation of CD8+ T cells

The transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) can activate or repress gene expression in a cell-context dependent manner. We have previously shown that KLF4 inhibits the proliferation of naive CD8(+) T cells in vitro downstream of the transcription factor ELF4. In this work, we describe a novel role of KLF4 in the differentiation of CD8(+) T cells upon infection. Loss of KLF4 had minimal effect on thymic T cell development and distribution of mature T cells in the spleen, blood, and lymph nodes. KLF4-deficient naive CD8(+) T cells also displayed normal homeostatic proliferation upon adoptive transfer into lymphopenic hosts. However, activation of KLF4-deficient naive CD8(+) T cells by in vitro TCR crosslink and co-stimulation resulted in increased proliferation. Furthermore, naive KLF4-deficient OT-I CD8(+) T cells generated increased numbers of functional memory CD8(+) T cells compared to wild type OT-I CD8(+) T cells co-injected in the same recipient in both primary and recall responses to Listeria monocytogenes-OVA. Collectively, our data demonstrate that KLF4 regulates differentiation of functional memory CD8(+) T cells while sparing development and homeostasis of naive CD8(+) T cells.
GPCRs as potential therapeutic targets in preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is an important obstetric complication that arises in 5% of women after the 20th week of gestation, for which there is no specific therapy and no cure. Although much of the recent investigation in this field has focused on soluble forms of the angiogenic membrane receptor tyrosine kinase Flt1 and the transforming growth factor β co-receptor Endoglin, there is significant clinical potential for several GPCR targets and their agonists or antagonists in preeclampsia. In this review, we discuss several of the most promising candidates in this category, including calcitonin receptor-like receptor/receptor activity modifying protein 1 complexes, the angiotensin AT1, 2 and Mas receptors, and the relaxin receptor RXFP1. We also address some of the controversies surrounding the roles and therapeutic potential of these GPCRs and their (ant)agonists in preeclampsia.
Coupled diffusion of two species in a slab with an eroding boundary

Abstract The diffusion of two interchangeable species in a medium with an eroding boundary is analyzed by modeling the problem as the solution of two diffusion equations coupled at the source term for a slab with a moving boundary. Formal solutions are developed for the concentration of the two species as a function of time and position in the slab for arbitrary initial distributions of the diffusing species, arbitrary sources within the medium and boundary conditions of the third kind at the bounding surfaces. It is shown with an illustrative example, that the resulting coupled integral equations for the species can be solved very efficiently by an approach employing both a lower- and upper-bound starting function for the concentrations.
Long length ion-beam-assisted deposition template films for Y-123 coated conductors

Abstract Scale-up matters for ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) method was surveyed on biaxially textured yttria-stabilized-zirconia (YSZ) buffer layer by using 66 cm ×6 cm square-shaped RF-discharged ion source. Textured YSZ films with the in-plane mosaic spread ( Δφ ) of 9–15 were obtained in the growth area of 60×8 cm 2 by optimizing the beam collimation for the assisting Ar ions. 5.5 m long YSZ textured template layers were formed with 0.1 m/h by IBAD on Ni–Cr alloy tapes with the Δφ of 12–13° in whole length. The Δφ of 10.8° was obtained in a short tape moved with 0.3 m/h. Y-123 films were deposited by PLD on the YSZ templates with tape shifting speed of 1.0 m/h. I c of 84.0 A and J c of 0.76 MA/cm 2 were obtained at 77 K, 0 T in the length of 1.0 m with Δφ for the Y-123 film was 7°.
Towards multi-design of situated service-oriented systems

This paper discusses ongoing changes to the boundaries and roles of design and run time in the software lifecycle. Specifically, it focuses on changes caused by the emergence of situated systems in open pervasive computing environments. Clearly, such changes have a direct repercussion on the roles and tasks of system developers, stakeholders, and users.The paper proposes extensions to current software design notations, concerning (a) service discovery and ways to scope it to user-defined physical locations, and (b) the ability to incorporate and shed features and behaviors at run time, depending on which users are present and on their goals, and including the ability to resolve conflicts between such goals. Five small but illustrative example systems demonstrate the benefits of these extensions.
Familial Atrial Septal Defect with Prolonged Atrioventricular Conduction A Syndrome Showing the Autosomal Dominant Pattern of Inheritance

Atrial septal defect (ASD) of the fossa ovalis type was found in 16 members of one family and confirmed in 15 members at autopsy or surgery or by cardiac catheterization. Sinus rhythm was present in 12 affected members, 11 of whom had electrocardiographic evidence of prolonged atrioventricular (A-V) conduction. Five other family members without ASD also had prolonged A-V conduction. The pedigree chart suggests that the syndrome ASD with prolonged A-V conduction is the manifestation of a single mutant autosomal gene with dominant effect, a high degree of penetrance, and some variation in expressivity. Earlier reports of familial ASD showing the autosomal-dominant pattern of inheritance reveal a similar frequency of prolonged A-V conduction among affected persons. The great majority of cases of ASD are sporadic, with little likelihood of recurrence in subsequent sibs or children. We suggest, however, that when ASD of the fossa ovalis type is accompanied by prolonged A-V conduction, the genetic prognosis may...
Melting of Pb nanocrystals

The size-dependent melting and surface melting of Pb nanocrystals is demonstrated by x-ray powder diffraction in ultrahigh vacuum. Whereas some prior studies have measured the size-dependent melting temperature via the diffraction intensity, it is shown here that crystallite reorientation makes the diffraction intensity an unreliable indicator of melting. Instead of the diffraction intensity, the diffraction peak shape reveals the size-dependent melting via changes in the crystallite size distribution. Measurements showed that the melting temperature varies inversely with the crystallite size and quantitatively favors the liquid-skin melting model over the homogeneous melting model. Surface melting is demonstrated via the reversible growth of a 0.5 nm liquid skin on 50 nm crystallites just below the size-dependent melting temperature.
Impact of atrial fibrillation on long-term clinical outcomes in heart failure outpatients

Purpose: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia in patients with heart failure (HF). Recently, several reports revealed that AF was not associated with adverse long-term clinical outcomes of hospitalized HF patients. However, the impact of AF in unselected HF outpatients on long-term clinical outcomes remained unclear. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the impact of AF on clinical outcomes among Japanese HF outpatients in real-world clinical practice. Methods: With a single hospital-based cohort in the Shinken Database 2004-2011, comprising all the new patients (n=17517) visiting the Cardiovascular Institute Hospital, we followed 2024 outpatients who were diagnosed as having symptomatic HF at the initial visit. Results: AF was observed in 310 patients (15%). Patients with AF were older, and more likely to be female, more likely to have a lower rate of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, whereas, had a higher rate of anemia, chronic kidney disease, valvular heart disease, dilated cardiomyopathy and prior history of stroke. Averaged BNP in patients with AF was significantly higher than that in patients without AF. AF group had a lower prevalence of NYHA II, whereas a higher prevalence of NYHA III and IV heart failure than Non-AF group. Patients using beta-blockers, renin-angiotensin-system inhibitors, diuretics, digitalis, anti-arrhythmic drugs, and warfarin were more common in patients with AF. Left ventricular ejection fraction was lower in patients with AF than those without. Cox regression analysis showed that AF was associated with higher incidence of all-cause death (p=0.015, hazard ratio (HR) 1.631, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.099-2.420), cardiovascular death (p=0.009, HR 2.022, 95% CI 1.196-3.420), and HF admission (p<0.001, HR 3.107, 95% CI 2.286-4.224). The Cox regression model used in the analysis adjusted for the covariates showed that patients with AF had a comparable risk for all-cause death (p=0.115, HR 0.573, 95% CI 0.286-1.146), HF death (p=0.608, HR 0.690, 95% CI 0.167-2.844), and cardiovascular death (p=0.564, HR 0.772, 95% CI 0.320-1.861), whereas had significantly higher risk for HF admission (p=0.007, HR 1.781, 95% CI 1.172-2.704). Sub analysis showed that the clinical impact of AF on HF outpatients might be stronger in patients with female, younger age, ischemic etiology, preserved EF, and mild HF symptom. Conclusions; Among unselected HF outpatients, AF was commonly observed. AF was not associated with long-term mortality, but independently associated with HF admission in HF outpatients.
Microcomputers: a successful approach to teaching business courses

Abstract The article integrates the theory and practice of adding microcomputers into an accounting curriculum. Support for cognitive theories of intellectual development is developed by referencing learning theory articles and texts. The paper encourages use of micro computers in accounting education and cautions of “pitfalls” and “potholes” along the road to successful implementation.
Quieting Substation Equipment

With the aid of sound measurements made with an analyzing type of sound meter, it has been possible to ascertain the principal sources of noise in an electric power substation in a residential district and to reduce the noise to an unobjectionable level. The principal sources of noise were found to be an outdoor 6,000-kva transformer and the voltage regulators inside building; by replacig the noisy transformer with a quieter one and replacing the ventilating louvers in the regulator rooms with steel plates the noise on neighboring properties was reduced to about 4 per cent of its original loudness.
Pumping out platelets

Platelets play a vital role in hemostasis. Until recently, there was no means to increase platelet production in order to treat or prevent bleeding. In this issue of Blood , Jenkins and colleagues describe the results of a phase 1 clinical trial in healthy adults with eltrombopag, a first-in-class
Associations between first use of substances and change in internalizing symptoms among girls: differences by symptom trajectory and substance use type.

This study examined how girls' initial use of alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana related to changes in depressive, generalized anxiety, and social anxiety symptoms, and whether these changes varied based on which internalizing symptom trajectories the girls were on. Data came from the Pittsburgh Girls Study, a community-based study of girls assessed at ages 5 to 8 and followed for 6 years. Growth mixture modeling was used to identify trajectory groups. The results indicated that for girls on a “high depressive symptom” trajectory, initial use of marijuana was related to further increases in depressive symptoms. Initial uses of alcohol and cigarettes were associated with overall increases in depressive symptoms, and the initial use of cigarettes was associated with an overall increase in generalized anxiety symptoms. Initial use of all substances was related to change in social anxiety, but the direction of change varied by trajectory group and substance. Links between initial use and internalizing symptom...
Working memory capacity predicts language comprehension in schizophrenic patients

The association between language comprehension and working memory capacity was evaluated in 25 male DSM-III-R schizophrenic patients (14 inpatients; 11 outpatients), and in 11 male normal controls (no lifetime DSM-III-R disorder). Patients and controls did not differ significantly on age and education. Language comprehension was examined as a function of two types of processing demand: grammatical complexity (complex versus simple sentences) and presentation rate (accelerated versus conversational). Schizophrenic patients showed significantly reduced language comprehension and decreased working memory capacity for language, compared with controls. Patients showed general difficulty in comprehending accurately, rather than exhibiting problems with specific grammatical structures. Subject groups were highly accurate and did not differ in their ability to perceive the individual words in sentences presented at the accelerated rate (intelligibility). Presentation rate and grammatical complexity affected comprehension accuracy in all groups, however, with increases in rate and complexity producing decreases in understanding. Of most importance, theoretically, is the finding that working memory capacity predicted language comprehension accuracy in both schizophrenic patients and normal controls. Results suggest that language comprehension deficits in schizophrenic patients may involve a general dysfunction that is associated with working memory capacity for language.
Perception of wave surge motion by hatchling sea turtles

At the beginning of their offshore migration, hatchling loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta L.) enter the ocean and establish offshore headings while swimming near the substratum. In the shallow water of coastal areas, waves approaching the beach induce water near the ocean floor to move toward and away from shore in a rhythmic, horizontal motion known as wave surge. To determine whether hatchlings can detect wave surge and use it as a cue in orientation, we constructed a surge simulator that produced movements closely resembling those that small, oceanic waves generate near the substratum. Hatchlings suspended in air and subjected to simulated surge approaching from their right or left sides spent significantly more time attempting to turn than did turtles aligned parallel with the surge axis. These results demonstrate that turtles can indeed detect surge motion and orient along its axis. Such a response may play a brief but important role in enabling turtles to maintain offshore headings as they swim through shallow water to the open ocean.
Regulation of thymic epithelium by keratinocyte growth factor

Here we demonstrate that keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and FGFR2IIIb signaling can affect development and function of thymic epithelium (TE) and that αβ-lineage thymocytes contribute to intrathymic levels of KGF. Thymocyte expression of KGF is developmentally regulated, being undetectable in CD3−4−8− thymocytes and expressed at highest levels by mature CD4 or CD8 thymocytes. Exposure of thymocyte-depleted fetal thymic lobes to KGF resulted in reduced thymic epithelial expression of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC), invariant chain (Ii), and cathepsin L (CatL) molecules involved in thymocyte-positive selection and also stimulated expression of the cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6) and thymic stromal-derived lymphopoietin (TSLP), while having little effect on IL-7 or stem cell factor expression. Within intact fetal thymic organ culture (FTOC), exogenous KGF impairs the generation of CD4 thymocytes. Two lines of evidence point to responsiveness of the medullary TE compartment to KGF and FGFR2IIIb signaling. First, the medullary compartment is expanded in intact FTOC exposed to KGF in vitro. Second, in the RAG-deficient thymus, where the thymocytes do not express detectable levels of KGF message, the hypoplastic medullary TE compartment can be expanded by administration of recombinant KGF in vivo. This expansion is accompanied by restoration of the normal profile of medullary TE–associated chemokine expression in the RAG2−/−thymus. Collectively, these findings point to a role for KGF and FGFR signaling in the development and function of thymic epithelium.
Stark spectroscopy of the Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction center heterodimer mutant.

Abstract The effect of an electric field has been measured on the absorption spectrum (Stark effect) of the heterodimer mutant (M)H202L of Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction centers, where the primary electron donor consists of one bacteriochlorophyll alpha and one bacteriopheophytin alpha. The electronic absorption spectrum of the heterodimer mutant from 820-950 nm is relatively featureless in a poly(vinyl alcohol) film, but it exhibits some structure in a glycerol/water glass at 77 K. A feature is seen in the Stark effect spectrum of the heterodimer at 77 K centered at 927 and 936 nm in poly(vinyl alcohol) and a glycerol/water glass, respectively. This feature has approximately the same shape and width as the Stark effect for the primary electron donor of the wild type, which consists of a pair of bacteriochlorophyll alpha molecules. The angle zeta A between the transition moment at the frequency of absorption and the difference dipole delta muA is 36 +/- 2 degrees in the wild type and 32 +/- 2 degrees for that feature in the heterodimer. A range of values for [delta muA] = (13-17)/f Debye units (where f is the local field correction) is obtained for the 936-nm feature in glycerol/water, depending on analysis method. This feature is interpreted as arising from a transition to the lower exciton state of the heterodimer, which is more strongly mixed with a low-lying charge transfer transition than in the wild type.
Hydrodynamics of the Double-Wave Structure of Insect Spermatozoa

The locomotion of microorganism plays important roles in many biological processes including reproduction. Many microorganisms propel themselves by propagating traveling waves along their flagella. Depending on the species, propagation of planar waves (e.g. Ceratium and helical waves (e.g. Trichomonas) were observed in eukaryotic flagellar motion, and hydrodynamic models for both were proposed in the past. However, the motility of insect spermatozoa remains largely unexplored. An interesting morphological feature of such cells, first observed in Tenebrio molitor and Bacillus rossius, is the double helical deformation pattern along the flagella, which is characterized by the presence of two superimposed helical flagellar waves (one with a large amplitude and low frequency, and the other with a small amplitude and high frequency). Here we present the first hydrodynamic investigation of the locomotion of insect spermatozoa. Resolving hydrodynamic interactions with a non-local slender body theory, we predict the swimming dynamics of these superhelical swimmers based on experimentally collected geometric and kinematic data. We then compare our theoretical predictions with experimental measurements, and explore the dependence of the swimming performance on the geometric and dynamical parameters. Counter-intuitive results are revealed, particularly for the case when the minor and major helical structures are of opposing chirality.
Is the SEC Registration Status of Hedge Fund Advisers Associated with Superior Performance

In this study the differences between the return performance of the funds whose advisors have voluntarily registered with the SEC versus those that are unregistered are examined. Evidence shows that registered funds in several important categories outperform their unregistered counterparts, however, this phenomenon does not appear to be due to the registration event.
Biological growth and spread modeled by systems of recursions. II. biological theory

The mathematical theory developed in Part I is applied to a selection-migration model in population genetics with sex-linked locus and to the host-vector or venereal disease epidemic model. In both models, a constant c*(xi) is found for each unit vector xi. The mathematical results imply that under certain initial conditions, the frequency of the advantageous gene in the male and female gametic outputs or the epidemic will spread at a speed c*(xi) in the direction xi as time goes to infinity. Time is measured in discrete nonoverlapping generations. In most cases, we can find a formula for c*(xi).
Digital Enhancement of Solar X-Ray Space Photography

Digital enhancement techniques are applied to digitized solar X-ray photography. Two-dimensional Fourier filtering, intensity thresholding, and histogram equalization techniques are described, and their effects on the X-ray image are compared and analyzed. Possible applications of these digital techniques to solar photography interpretation are suggested.
The Oregon State University Insect Collection

The entomological collection of the Oregon State University contains an estimated 600,000 specimens. It is particularly rich in Coleoptera, aculeate and tenthredinoid Hymenoptera, Heteroptera, Lepidoptera of the superfamily Papilionoidea, and a few families of Diptera. There are also substantial holdings in most other taxa, and the representation of the auchenorrhynchous Homoptera is rapidly being improved. Except for the bees, which are housed in Room A432, the collections of all groups are in Room 419 Cordley Hall, a fireproof building on the OSC campus. The collection of mites, consisting of about 8000 slides and 1000 vials of specimens, is in the care of (G W. Krantz in the Acarology Laboratory, in Cordley Hall.
The substrate binding interface of alkylpurine DNA glycosylase AlkD.

Abstract Tandem helical repeats have emerged as an important DNA binding architecture. DNA glycosylase AlkD, which excises N 3- and N 7-alkylated nucleobases, uses repeating helical motifs to bind duplex DNA and to selectively pause at non-Watson–Crick base pairs. Remodeling of the DNA backbone promotes nucleotide flipping of the lesion and the complementary base into the solvent and toward the protein surface, respectively. The important features of this new DNA binding architecture that allow AlkD to distinguish between damaged and normal DNA without contacting the lesion are poorly understood. Here, we show through extensive mutational analysis that DNA binding and N 3-methyladenine (3mA) and N 7-methylguanine (7mG) excision are dependent upon each residue lining the DNA binding interface. Disrupting electrostatic or hydrophobic interactions with the DNA backbone substantially reduced binding affinity and catalytic activity. These results demonstrate that residues seemingly only involved in general DNA binding are important for catalytic activity and imply that base excision is driven by binding energy provided by the entire substrate interface of this novel DNA binding architecture.
Predictors of In-Treatment Relapse in Perinatal Substance Abusers and Impact on Treatment Retention: A Prospective Study

Abstract This prospective study investigated in-treatment relapse in a sample of perinatal substance abusers in intensive outpatient treatment. Sixty-four female first-time admissions to a perinatal treatment program completed comprehensive psychological and psychosocial assessment before beginning treatment. Relapse was detected by urine toxicology screening and self-report. A regression analysis resulted in variable reduction, then survival analysis identified the impact of in-treatment relapse and other predictors on treatment length. Fifty-five percent of the subjects were classified as relapsers. Two risk factors for and six protective factors from in-treatment relapse were identified. The survival curves for relapsers and nonrelapsers did not differ until covariates were considered. Subjects with more severe consequences of drug use and less social exposure to drug use during treatment tended not to relapse during treatment, perhaps in order to prevent deterioration such as loss of children or incar...
A fresh look

The study of speech-gesture-thought co-production serves multiple purposes, providing deep insight into many areas of investigation that go from psycholinguistics and cognitive linguistics to discourse analysis, and to the neuroscience of motor action and language. In this piece, building on my previous work (with George Lakoff) on the cognitive science of mathematics (Lakoff & Nunez, 1997, 2000; Nunez & Lakoff, 1998, 2005), I focus on the study of gesture production in order to address the question of the nature of mathematics and its foundations. I analyze (gestural) convergent evidence of the psychological reality of fundamental conceptual metaphors that we claim make infinitesimal calculus possible (in particular, what concerns limits and continuity). These conceptual metaphors, which are analyzed in detail in Where mathematics comes from (Lakoff & Nunez, 2000), emerge from fundamental mechanisms of everyday human imagination, language, and cognition, and structure the inferential organization of mathematical concepts and ideas. In this chapter, I show how the study of the gesture production of professional mathematicians turns out to be crucial in characterizing (in real-time) fundamental metaphorical contents that, while making the very mathematical ideas possible, are not captured by the standard well-accepted formalisms that are taken to “define” what mathematical concepts really are.
Carbon cycle conundrums

What will control future rates of climate change? The carbon cycle is the largest contributor to anthropogenic climate change, yet despite decades of research (1), significant mysteries about its behavior remain. Global analyses show that the Earth system absorbs approximately half of anthropogenic fossil fuel emissions. This uptake is partitioned between absorption by the oceans and storage in terrestrial ecosystems. Uptake by the Earth system reduces the climate effects of emitted CO2 to approximately half of what would occur without sinks. Models tend to project sinks, particularly terrestrial sinks, into the future based on assumptions about the behavior of mechanisms derived from small plot or laboratory studies.