cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Solvent effects in liquid-phase reactions II. Kinetic modeling for citral hydrogenation

Abstract The initial liquid-phase reaction to hydrogenate any of the three unsaturated bonds in the citral molecule can be described by a Langmuir–Hinshelwood (LH) mechanism that assumes that molecular citral and H atoms are the two most abundant reaction intermediates. It was applicable with each of the eight solvents studied; however, a wide range of values was obtained for the two adsorption equilibrium constants contained in the optimized rate equation, K cit and K H 2 . Regarding the rate of overall citral disappearance, four possible solvent effects—mass transfer limitations, liquid-phase H 2 solubility, liquid-phase nonideality, and competitive solvent adsorption—were evaluated in detail to see whether one of them could account for the 3-fold variation in turnover frequency and possibly decrease the variation in adsorption equilibrium constants. Using the Weisz–Prater criterion established the absence of mass transfer limitations, using H 2 concentration provided no benefit, and including thermodynamic activity coefficients for citral gave only minimal benefit. However, introducing solvent adsorption into the site balance equation revealed that a narrow range exists for a single apparent rate constant that is applicable for all of the solvents, makes the K H 2 values essentially invariant, and reduces the range of K cit values to a factor of 7. Kinetic studies at three temperatures gave adsorption equilibrium constants that provided consistent, meaningful values for the enthalpy and entropy of adsorption for citral, H 2 , and the solvent. Consequently, this is the best single explanation for the observed kinetic behavior. Finally, individual rates of formation were calculated for the unsaturated alcohol (geraniol and nerol) versus the partially saturated aldehyde (citronellal) and the proposed LH model, either including or excluding competitive solvent adsorption, was able to describe each rate simultaneously using the same optimized adsorption equilibrium constants. Including the solvent in the rate expression again showed that a single set of apparent rate constants can exist that simultaneously describe the three reactions. Thermodynamic consistency of the adsorption equilibrium constants for citral, H 2 , and the solvent was obtained in all cases.
Use of the Medical Research Council muscle strength grading system in the upper extremity.

P N u t i a b t b r M s a t m i s t c o w e e e T M m c i t o M l t t istory of Muscle Strength Grading he Medical Research Council of Great Britain MRC) system is the best known and most comonly used muscle strength grading system for manal muscle testing (MMT) worldwide. Dyck et al race the development of the MRC system to the reatment of war injuries and poliomyelitis. S.W. itchell, a Civil War surgeon, recognized nerve amage as a cause of muscle weakness in 1872. itchell and M.J. Lewis were later responsible for he first known effort to grade neuromuscular signs hen they classified ataxic gait in 1886. In 1917, .W. Lovett, a Boston orthopedist, published the uscle scoring system later adapted by the MRC ased on his experience treating poliomyelitis; he redited W. Wright, a physical therapist, with develping the muscle testing methods. As a result of heir experiences treating World War II injuries, 12 urgeons formed the Nerve Injuries Committee of the ritish Army (G. Riddoch [Chair], W.R. Bristow, .W.B. Cairns, E.A. Carmichael, M. Critchley, J.G. reenfield, J.R. Learmonth, H. Platt, H.J. Seddon, .P. Symonds, J.Z. Young, F.J.C. Herrald) and deeloped the classic handbook Aids to the Investigaion of Peripheral Nerve Injuries. This manual ilustrates the major actions of limb muscles and how hey should be tested; defines the concepts of prime overs, synergists, and antagonists; and includes the uscle grading scale familiar to all orthopedic sureons (Table 1). A modified version of this manual, ids to the Examination of the Peripheral Nervous ystem, fourth edition, was published in 2000. Beause the MRC system was intended to be used to rade recovery from paralysis (grade 0) attributable o nerve repair, the greatest emphasis is placed on evere degrees of weakness (grades 1, 2, 3); although his system is ordinal, the difference in strength beween different grades was not assumed to be contant. In general, the intertester and intratester relig
Some Benchmark Searches for Testing Search Capabilities and Medical Coverage of Internet Discovery Tools

The past few years have seen a proliferation of search engines for the World Wide Web (WWW), as well as a growing number of specialized subject directories geared to the needs of health care professionals. Yet documentation on scope, coverage, and search features is often uneven at best; and even documented search features may not perform as advertised. This paper will present a group of sample searches to assist users in gauging database size, determining default search operators, and testing for the presence of advanced search features such as case sensitivity, stemming, and concept mapping for medical topics on English-language web sites.
Peripheral vascular disease severity impacts health outcomes and health-related quality of life in maintenance hemodialysis patients in the HEMO Study

Background. In patients with end-stage renal disease, peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is prevalent. We assessed the extent to which severity of PVD predicts mortality, hospitalizations and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in hemodialysis (HD) patients enrolled in the Hemodialysis (HEMO) Study. Methods. We performed a subanalysis of the HEMO Study, a randomized controlled trial. Adjusted predictors of PVD were analyzed through a multivariable stepwise ordinal logistic model. Relationships between PVD severity and mortality and hospitalizations were determined with Cox proportional hazards models. Relationships between PVD severity and HRQOL were modeled via linear regression and generalized estimating equations. Results. Older age, diabetes, non-African-American race, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and longer transplant wait time were associated with more severe PVD. Patients with severe PVD were more likely to suffer from all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.77, 95% confidence interval 1.30– 2.40, P < 0.001], cardiac death [HR 1.89 (95% confidence interval 1.15–3.11), P = 0.001] and infectious death [HR 1.75 (95% confidence interval 1.30–2.34), P < 0.001]. Increasing PVD severity was also associated with first cardiac hospitalization or all-cause mortality (P = 0.05) and first cardiac hospitalization or cardiac death (P = 0.03). HRQOL scores were lower for patients with increasingly severe PVD. Conclusions. These findings underscore the burden of clinically symptomatic PVD in HD patients and its impact on morbidity and mortality. Whether early detection of PVD and prompt initiation of therapy to prevent its progression in the HD population would improve HRQOL and survival outcomes remain to be proven.
Childbirth at home--a family-centered affair.

The author shares the experiences and feelings associated with her planned home delivery. Although primarily a subjective, descriptive article written from the mother's point of view, it also includes an evaluation of home birth from the perspective of other family members, a description of the special situation that led to opting for home delivery, and the attending physician's prerequisites and precautions for home delivery.
Response to Kadri Vihvelin’s “counterfactuals and dispositions”

1. As far as I can understand what an x-complete cause is, the analysis is mistaken in claiming that a dispositions stimulus and its causal basis would jointly be an x-complete cause of its manifestation. 2. The analysis is mistaken if it assumes that dispositions necessarily have distinct causal bases. 3. The analysis is mistaken in assuming that the causal basis of a disposition must be an intrinsic property of the disposed obje
Research in School Shootings

Studies of school shootings have been conducted in a variety of disciplines, including sociology, psychology, and media studies. However, to date there is no unified body of knowledge about such events. In an effort to synthesize past studies, and to orient future studies in school shootings, this article (i) offers a typology for understanding the varieties of school shooting incidents, including rampages, mass murders, terrorist attacks, targeted attacks, and government shootings; (ii) examines the mass media dynamic of school shootings; and (iii) presents a synthesis of the multilevel causes suggested in the research, including those on the individual, community, and social levels. Suggestions for future studies in school shootings are explored.
Logic synthesis for CPLDs and FPGAs with PLA-style logic blocks

PLA-style logic blocks can be used as the storage elements found in FPGAs and CPLDs. PLA-style logic blocks were originally deployed in the early PLDs. Due to recent research developments in the FPGA community, PLA-style logic blocks are becoming an effective storage alternative in modern FPGAs. We propose an integrated approach with structural clustering and functional decomposition to implement the circuit using the minimum number of PLA-style logic blocks. The structural clustering method is based on the concepts of Maximum Fanout Free Cone and Maximum Fanout Free Subgraph. In order to effectively use PLA-style logic blocks in large clusters, single-output and multiple-output functional decompositions are used to decompose large clusters so that the encoding functions and base functions can be mapped into PLA-blocks. Furthermore, implicit representation of the crucial steps in the functional decomposition is used to consider (1) number of inputs; (2) number of product terms; (3) number of outputs required for the PLA-block synthesis. Our approach also considers multiple PLA-blocks for individual large cluster so that better area reduction can be obtained. We have developed an algorithm called PLA Syn that can be used in the logic synthesis flow for CPLDs and FPGAs with PLA-blocks. MCNC benchmarks are used to test PLA Syn and the experimental results are compared with TEMPLA. PLA Syn shows 10.24% improvements over TEMPLA, in terms of the number of PLA-blocks needed to implement the circuit.
Optimal Algorithms for the Single and Multiple Vertex Updating Problems of a Minimum Spanning Tree

The vertex updating problem for a minimum spanning tree (MST) is defined as follows: Given a graphG=(V, EG) and an MSTT forG, find a new MST forG to which a new vertexz has been added along with weighted edges that connectz with the vertices ofG. We present a set of rules that produce simple optimal parallel algorithms that run inO(lgn) time usingn/lgn EREW PRAM processors, wheren=¦V¦. These algorithms employ any valid tree-contraction schedule that can be produced within the stated resource bounds. These rules can also be used to derive simple linear-time sequential algorithms for the same problem. The previously best-known parallel result was a rather complicated algorithm that usedn processors in the more powerful CREW PRAM model. Furthermore, we show how our solution can be used to solve the multiple vertex updating problem: Update a given MST whenk new vertices are introduced simultaneously. This problem is solved inO(lgk·lgn) parallel time using (k·n)/(lgk·lgn) EREW PRAM processors. This is optimal for graphs having Ω (kn) edges.
BACTERIA INDUCED POLYMORPHISM IN AN AXENIC LABORATORY STRAIN OF ULVA LACTUCA (CHLOROPHYCEAE)1

A laboratory culture of Ulva lactuca L. purified with antibiotics in 1958 can assume different morphologies. In synthetic media of the ASP type it grows as a pin-cushion composed of uniseriate branching filaments. Only occasionally some finger-like germlings appear which, after a few millimeters growth, disintegrate and originate the branched uniseriate filaments. Many strains of marine bacteria, isolated from Ulva and other seaweeds collected in nature or from laboratory cultures, when grown together with this axenic Ulva, induced growth of long thin Enteromorpha-like tubes (active bacteria). Other bacterial strains have no visible morphological effect on the Ulva (inactive). Combinations of several active and inactive bacterial strains result in flat ribbons which can be wide or narrow and with distromatic portions intercalated between tubular portions. No combination has so far induced the axenic Ulva to produce the typical expanded foliose thallus. Bacterial filtrates are inactive; syntrophic growth seems indispensable. The bacterial strains lose the ability to induce morphogenic effects on the axenic Ulva when grown for several transfers in organic marine media and regain it by growing with Ulva for several transfers in synthetic mineral media. Each partner appears therefore to be dependent on the metabolites produced by the other. The perpetuation of a wide morphological versatility of this laboratory strain of Ulva after 15 yr maintenance under under artificial conditions emphasizes the phylogenetic importance of this versatility.
Leadership and Neuroscience: Can We Revolutionize the Way That Inspirational Leaders Are Identified and Developed?

Executive Overview Recent advances in the field of neuroscience can significantly add to our understanding of leadership and its development. Specifically, we are interested in what neuroscience can tell us about inspirational leadership. Based on our findings, we discuss how future research in leadership can be combined with neuroscience, as well as potential neurofeedback interventions for the purpose of leadership development. We also consider ethical implications and applications to management-related areas beyond leadership.
Deuterium passivation of interface traps in MOS devices

The mechanism for deuterium passivation of interface traps in MOS devices is studied. Normal channel hot electron (CHE) stress was performed on hydrogen-passivated devices to locally desorb hydrogen from the interface at the drain region. The stressed devices were annealed in deuterium at 400/spl deg/C, resulting in a full recovery of device characteristics. These devices were then subjected to CHE stress again in two modes. Some of them were stressed in the normal mode while others were stressed in the reverse mode in which the source and drain were interchanged. Compared with hydrogenated devices, these deuterated devices under the normal stress exhibit a significant reduction in interface trap generation and threshold voltage shift. In contrast, insignificant reliability improvement was observed for the reverse stress case. The asymmetric degradation behaviors on these deuterated devices suggest that the effectiveness of implementing deuterium to improve device reliability is limited by its replacement of pre-existing hydrogen at the oxide/silicon interface.
Counseling to prevent unintended pregnancies: measuring its value.

The ranking of prevention services for the US population conducted by the US Preventive Services Task Force has omitted the ranking for counseling about pregnancy prevention. The underestimation of value judgment of the benefits of preventing unplanned pregnancy seems odd considering the scope and impact of unintended pregnancy. Moreover an underestimation of the impact of obstetric morbidity on public health measured in Quality- Adjusted Life Year has been noted. Quantifying the benefits of family planning (FP) counseling is complicated by health economic and social consequences of unintended pregnancy. Despite such difficulty in quantifying the impact of FP its benefits are clear and incontrovertible indicating that the prevention of unintended pregnancy will save lives avoid suffering and yield economic benefits. Hence the inefficiency of the method used in the ranking of prevention services implies its limitations as health policy evaluation tools.
Aqueous extraction of β-glucuronidase from transgenic canola: Kinetics and microstructure

Aqueous extraction kinetics of recombinant beta-glucuronidase (rGUS) from transgenic canola (Brassica napus) was investigated in terms of the particle size and microstructural characteristics resulting from canola seed processing. The canola had been transformed to express recombinant GUS intracellulary in the seed, and electron microscopy showed that the cells are distributed among (1) disrupted cells in a thin layer at or adjacent to the particle surface, (2) disrupted cells within the interior, and (3) intact cells within the interior. A simple compartmental model containing two extractable pools and a third nonextractable pool fitted the batch extraction results very well. Comparing the rate constants from the model to estimates of expected transport rates from the observed cell fractions showed that the two extractable pools roughly correspond to the two disrupted cell fractions. Both flaking, causing more extensive cell wall damage throughout the seed, and grinding, increasing the total surface area, increase the size of the first pool and, therefore, the extraction yield. Mass transfer from the same type of pool from two types of processed seed behaved similarly. GUS extraction from the first extractable pool is 10-20 times faster (<1 min) than from the second extractable pool.
Criteria for Software Tools Evaluation in the Development of Safety-Critical Real-Time Systems

The paper presents various views of the criteria to be selected for evaluation of software tools used in the development of safety-critical real-time systems. It focuses on the avionics application area and derives a model for tool evaluation based on the process described in RTCA/DO-178B guidelines. The taxonomy of the tools is presented and four views of the criteria are applied to it, with an ultimate purpose to provide guidelines for the tool certification process. Data are presented from an initial experiment serving as a test-bed supporting the tool assessment methodology.
Dynamic load balancing in multi-agent spatial simulation

This paper presents dynamic load balancing in a parallelizing library for multi-agent spatial simulation (named MASS). Our load-balancing algorithms calculate per-thread CPU load right after every function call and adjust a data size to be passed to each thread for the next function call. We implemented three different thread-based load-balancing algorithms, each using (1) an entire history, (2) a recent time window and (3) a slope of the CPU loads. The paper presents our implementation of these three algorithms in MASS as well as performance evaluation with two multithreaded applications: Wave2D and SugarScape. Furthermore, to demonstrate the slope-based algorithm's superiority to the other two, we compared them over a cluster of computing nodes.
The effect of amino acid excess on utilization by the rat of the limiting amino acid―lysine and threonine at equalized food intakes

The effect of excess amino acids on utilization of the most limiting amino acid was investigated via restricted feeding. Lysine- and threonine-deficient amino acid mixtures were incorporated into diets for young growing rats to provide 75 or 85% of the NRC requirement of the limiting amino acid in combination with zero or 50% of relative excess of the nonlimiting amino acids. The amount of food offered was equalized within treatment groups and increased according to the intake of the group with the lowest rate of consumption. Because of differences in the amount of diet refused, total food intakes were not identical. At equal percentage of the NRC requirement, threonine- and lysine-deficient amino acid mixtures supported equal body weight, dry matter, lipid and ash gains. However, crude protein retention was greater when the threonine-deficient amino acid mixture was fed. The maximum depression in performance due to 50% of amino acid excess with restricted feeding was much less than the maximum decrease previously observed in the ad libitum feeding situation. This supports the conclusion that changes in voluntary food intake are the major effectors of depressed growth due to excess amino acids. These results raise serious concern over the usefulness of amino acid requirements and the applicability of the current system of chemical scores to evaluate protein quality.
Reactive molecular dynamics study of the pH-dependent dynamic structure of α-helix.

We have studied the α-helix to random coil transition using ReaxFF reactive molecular dynamics as a function of pH. Urea binding to peptides and associated interference with backbone H-bonds and charged side chains interactions, which can both denature the helices, have been studied previously using nonreactive force fields (Topol, I. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 6054−6060). This study reveals new proton-transfer mechanisms related to the denaturation of α-helical structures, which cannot be captured by nonreactive molecular dynamics. In addition, we show that proton transfer between the solution and the peptide can break the α-helix hydrogen bonds, and consequently, at extreme pHs, a significant amount of helix will unravel. We also compare the effects of temperature in the denaturation mechanism. The ReaxFF findings are in significantly better agreement with ab initio calculations than previous nonreactive force field results, indicating the relevance of the reactive component on helical loss.
Bisexual Mating Behavior in a Diploid of SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE: Evidence for Genetically Controlled Non-Random Chromosome Loss during Vegetative Growth

A diploid strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been isolated which exhabits bisexual mating behavior. The strain mates with either a or alpha strains with a relative mating efficiency of 1 to 2%. The efficiency of mating is correlated with the frequency with which subclones of this strain revert to a single mating type. Crosses of the bisexual diploid with a/a or alpha/alpha diploids yield bisexual segregants with a frequency of approximately 3%. Analysis of the segregation of the mating type alleles and other markers on chromosome III indicates that the primary event which leads to the bisexual phenotype is the loss of one homolog of chromosome III during vegetative growth to produce a monosomic (2n-1) diploid. Evidence is presented that the loss of chromosome III and possibly of other chromosomes during vegetative growth is affected by a recessive nuclear gene-her (hermaphrodite)-which is not closely linked to the mating type locus.
The interplay of infection and genetics in acute necrotizing encephalopathy.

Purpose of reviewAcute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) presents with fulminant encephalopathy and characteristic brain lesions following viral infection. The rarity and unpredictability of the disorder have significantly impaired its study. Growing recognition of ANE and the discovery of causative
Bridging the Gaps in Obstetric Care: Perspectives of Service Delivery Providers on Challenges and Core Components of Care in Rural Georgia.

Objectives In 2011, a workforce assessment conducted by the Georgia Maternal and Infant Health Research Group found that 52 % of Primary Care Service Areas outside metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, had an overburdened or complete lack of obstetric care services. In response to that finding, this study’s aim was twofold: to describe challenges faced by providers who currently deliver or formerly delivered obstetric care in these areas, and to identify essential core components that can be integrated into alternative models of care in order to alleviate the burden placed on the remaining obstetric providers. Methods We conducted 46 qualitative in-depth interviews with obstetricians, maternal-fetal medicine specialists, certified nurse midwives, and maternal and infant health leaders in Georgia. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, uploaded into MAXQDA software, and analyzed using a Grounded Theory Approach. Results Providers faced significant financial barriers in service delivery, including low Medicaid reimbursement, high proportions of self-pay patients, and high cost of medical malpractice insurance. Further challenges in provision of obstetric care in this region were related to patient’s late initiation of prenatal care and lacking collaboration between obstetric providers. Essential components of effective models of care included continuity, efficient use of resources, and risk-appropriate services. Conclusion Our analysis revealed core components of improved models of care that are more cost effective and would expand coverage. These components include closer collaboration among stakeholder populations, decentralization of services with effective use of each type of clinical provider, improved continuity of care, and system-wide changes to increase Medicaid benefits.
The Optimization of Distribution Network ReconfigurationBased on Hybrid Genetic Algorithm

An optimization model of distribution network reconfiguration is established, in which the minimum network loss is taken as objective function, the restrictions to the voltage, current and the capacity of power source are taken as constraint conditions. Through the outer penalty function method, the problem is transformed to nonrestraint optimization problem. Aiming at the limitation of genetic algorithm, the fitness function is adjusted, the optimized reserved strategy is used, the cross and mutation method are improved, and simulated annealing algorithm is combined with, then the hybrid genetic algorithm is formed. It can improve the speed of convergence and avoid premature convergence. Based on the features of distribution network, the hybrid genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem, so the computational efficiency is improved. Reconfiguration results show that the algorithm is efficient and practical.
A Hybrid Prescriptive-/Performance-Based Approach to Automated Building Code Checking

In design standards and building codes such as the Uniform Building Code (UBC) (ICBO94) or the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) (ADAAG97), introductory provisions state the design intent or performance issues of a section, and subsequent prescriptive statements (provisions) outlining the methods to satisfy the design intent. Currently, prescriptive provisions are necessary to explicitly define a standard method to measure the design intent of a section of a design standard. As the provision statement becomes more prescriptive, the design intent is often lost or not fully captured. Consequently, ambiguity and inconsistency arise, thus making the design standard difficult to parse not only by computers, but for humans as well. This paper examines a design-intent approach to design standards processing to alleviate some of the difficulties and complexities of the code due to its prescriptive nature. By focusing on the design intent, it is possible to negate the problems of indeterminacy and conflicting provisions in a building code. There are two major aspects to our design intent approach to design standards processing. First, capture the design intent per each section of the code. Second, formulate and model an adequate performance test of the design intent. The approach is to model the building code’s prescriptive statements where there is no indeterminacy and conflict, whereas when such problems surface, a performance-based approach is adapted. This work focuses on disabled access building code issues. 1 Graduate Student, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, csh@galerkin.stanford.edu 2 Senior Research Associate, Center for Integrated Facility Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, kunz@cive.stanford.edu 3 Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, law@cive.stanford.edu
Autologous Stem Cell Mobilization with Cytokines and in-Vivo Alemtuzumab in Patients with T-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (T-NHL).

Abstract 3213 Poster Board III-150 Background The use of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody during stem cell collection has significantly improved transplant outcomes in b-cell NHL. The CD52 antigen is expressed on T-NHL, making it a suitable target for immunotherapy programs, given the availability of the anti-CD52 alemtuzumab. Methods In this prospective trial, alemtuzumab was given at 3,10, 30 mg IV (days 1-3) and then 30 mg IV, 7 days later. G-CSF (10mcg/kg) and GM-CSF 250 mcg/m2 were provided daily, 5 days after starting alemtuzumab, and until a target of at least 2×106 CD34+ cells/kg was collected. Patients (pts) then underwent conditioning with standard BEAM. Results Sixteen pts [Peripheral T-cell (n=6); angioimmunoblatic (n=2); anaplastic large cell (n=4); hepatoslenic (n=2); NK/T (n=2)] were enrolled. Pts were required to have adequate counts (platelets >100K, ANC >1.5). Median age was 44 (range, 22-62) years. Median prior treatments was 1 (range,1-7). At study entry (SE), 8 pts (50%) were in first remission, 7 (44%) had chemosensitive relapse, and one pt had chemorefractory disease. Median IPI at SE, was 0 (range 0-1) and median marrow cellularity was 40% (ranged, 10%-90%). Five of 15 pts tested (33%) had marrow involvement at any time, and 3 of 8 tested (37.5%) had evidence of clonal T-cell by PCR at the time of SE. Eight pts (50%) failed to mobilize an adequate number of stem cells; a rate that is comparable to our historical control with cytokine mobilization alone in b-cell malignancies with rituximab (Am J Hematol 2009;84:335). The median time to start apheresis in the pts who were able to mobilize successfully was 4.5 (range, 2-7) days after initiation of cytokine administration. The median number of CD34×106/Kg collected was 5.9 (range, 4-13.5). The median number of collection days was 4(range, 2-6). Three of the failures underwent successful mobilization with chemotherapy, and 2 underwent marrow harvest. There was a trend for a higher risk of failure in pts who had received more > one chemotherapy regimen, those who had been exposed to Hyper-CVAD (4 of 5 failed), and those with bone marrow cellularity Conclusions The use alemtuzumab with cytokines is safe and feasible during autologous stem cell collection. In order to decrease the risk of stem cell mobilization failures, futures trials incorporating either chemotherapy or plerixafor with the alemtuzumab are warranted Disclosures Khouri:Bayer Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding.
An algorithm for transferring parallel-jaw grasps between 3D mesh subsegments

In this paper, we present an algorithm that improves the rate of successful grasp transfer between 3D mesh models by breaking each mesh into functional subsegments and transferring grasps between similar subsegments rather than between full models. This algorithm combines prior research on grasp transfer with mesh segmentation techniques from computer graphics to successfully transfer contact points more often while potentially preserving task-specific knowledge across transfers. The algorithm extracts subsegments from each mesh model with a customized segmentation algorithm designed for speed and then groups similar subsegments with D2 shape descriptors and Gaussian mixture models (GMMs). Grasps are then transferred by aligning similar subsegments with Super4PCS, a global point cloud registration algorithm. We experimentally evaluated this algorithm against a non-segmenting baseline on over 20,000 grasp transfers across a set of 80 objects and found that the segmentation-based algorithm improved the success rate for finding a transferred grasp from 82% to 98%. Additionally, grasps transferred with our algorithm were only 8.7% less robust on average than the original grasps without any local re-planning.
The Opportunity for Telehealth to Support Neurological Healthcare.

Abstract Neurological conditions affect one-third of Americans and are some of the most prevalent health issues in the country. Many sufferers have difficulty accessing treatment, however, advances in technology may be able to support availability, affordability, and convenience of care through telehealth services. This review outlines the current state of telemedicine in neurological healthcare, highlighting evidence-based research and use cases for digital services. Details on expenses associated with managing certain well-known conditions are included to shed light on the financial burden of disease and how telehealth can contribute to cost savings for patients and providers. Finally, a discussion of current telehealth legislature gives additional perspective on regulatory dynamics experienced by different stakeholders in the field. Research supports telemedicine as a solution to enhance current care models given its many benefits, including efficient and clinically useful service delivery. This moveme...
Circulation and flow: Immanent metaphors in the financial debates of Northern Song China (960–1127 CE):

The Song Empire (960-1279 CE) had a larger population, a higher agricultural output, a more efficient infrastructure, and a more extensive monetary system than any previous empire in Chinese history. As local jurisdictions during the eleventh century became entangled in empire-wide economic relations and trans-regional commercial litigation, imperial officials sought to reduce the bewildering movement of people, goods, and money to an immanent cosmic pattern. They reasoned that because money and commerce brought to imperial subjects the goods they required to survive, money and commerce must be beneficent, and because they were beneficent, they must conform to the immanent pattern of the moral cosmos, as did everything else that was enduringly sustaining of life and wellbeing. And because money and commerce conformed to the moral cosmos, officials attempted to understand their workings by analogy with other phenomena that sustained human life, such as the flow of water and the circulation of vital essences through the human body. During the 1030s and 1040s, officials and scholars believed that knowledge of the cosmic pattern lay within their grasp, and that this knowledge would allow them to align culture with nature, and the present with hallowed antiquity. By the 1080s, however, this intellectual optimism had been defeated by irreconcilable disagreements about financial and economic policy. The failure of the attempt to understand finance by natural analogy draws attention to the underlying ideological insistence on moral learning as the basis for political power, and to the very limited range of economic discourse that has been preserved in eleventh-century texts.
Evaluation of Inflow Turbulence Methods in Large-Eddy Simulations of a Supersonic Boundary Layer

In the context of Large- Eddy Simulations (LES), Boundary-layer inflow turbulence is simulated using both the Synthetic Eddy Model (SEM) and Digital Filtering (DF). The effects of the projection error are investigated. The effect of the prescribed length scales on the adjustment region was found to be negligible for length scales less than one-tenth of the boundary-layer thickness. While it was conjectured that one method of the two might be more robust than the other, our results show that both the Digital Filtering Method and the Synthetic Eddy Method accurately replicate the boundary layer while successfully accounting for inflow turbulence.
Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP): Impact on the Integration of Textile and Apparel Supply Chain in the Asia-Pacific Region

The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is an ambitious free trade agreement (FTA) currently under negotiation between ten member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and other six large economies in the Asia-Pacific region. This study intends to quantitatively evaluate how the implementation of the RCEP will affect the integration of T&A supply chain in the Asia-Pacific region. By adopting the GTAP computable general equilibrium model based on the GTAP9 database, the study finds that: first, the trade creation effect of the RCEP will significantly encourage its members to source more textile and apparel from within the RCEP area and form an ever more integrated regional T&A supply chain. Second, the trade diversion effect of the RCEP will affect textile exports from non-RCEP members, particularly the USA and the EU, to RCEP members negatively. Third, apparel exports from RCEP members would benefit from a more integrated regional T&A supply chain facilitated by the RCEP and demonstrate more competitiveness in the world’s leading apparel import markets. Findings of this study augment our understanding of the T&A-specific sectoral impact of the RCEP and provide valuable inputs that could support the T&A sectoral negotiation under the RCEP and related policy making in response to the implementation of the agreement.
Bright spots, physical activity investments that work-Gators in Motion: a holistic approach to sport-based youth development.

### Programme card Across the USA, disparities closely linked with race and socioeconomic status (SES) exist such that physical, health and educational outcomes associated with youth development are negatively impacted for children and adolescents from underserved, marginalised communities. For instance, regular physical activity has been found to increase physical …
Feminism, Violence, and the State

This chapter critiques a recent defense of the anti-rape movement by Carrie N. Baker and Maria Bevacqua that is symptomatic of white feminism’s understanding of violence and the state. I critique Baker and Bevacqua’s piece for its “knowing, loving ignorance,” as defined by Marianna Ortega. I reach this diagnosis by examining how Baker and Bevacqua use the work of women of color to substantiate their own narrative of the anti-rape movement while distorting the critical and constructive work done by the very people and organizations they cite. I conclude that until there is an ongoing practice of accountability for the history of anti-violence movement collusion with state violence, white feminists should not take leadership roles in policy decisions.
Swampy sugar lands: irrigation dams and the rise and fall of malaria in Puerto Rico, 1898-1962.

espanolDos proyectos de reingenieria medioambiental chocaron en el sudeste de Puerto Rico a principios del siglo XX. Entre 1910 y 1914 el Servicio de Irrigacion de Puerto Rico construyo tres grandes presas para irrigar canaverales pertenecientes a companias azucareras estadounidenses. Los nuevos canales y sus estanques crearon un terreno ideal para la reproduccion de mosquitos portadores de malaria y la demanda de trabajadores alentaron a un mayor numero de portorriquenos a trabajar y vivir cerca de los enjambres de estos insectos. El resultado fue un gran incremento de la malaria. Mientras tanto, funcionarios de salud publica trataron de controlar la malaria, pero sus esfuerzos fracasaron especialmente cuando una irrigacion eficiente se hizo mas prioritaria que todo lo demas. No fue sino hasta los anos 1940s y 1950s que los funcionarios de salud controlaron y luego eliminaron la malaria. En Puerto Rico, la malaria se incremento con el compromiso de irrigar los canaverales y se mantuvo muy arraigada hasta que las exigencias en tiempos de guerra inspiraron esfuerzos por un mayor control, el DDT estuvo disponible, y aun mas importante, las manufacturas eclipsaron al azucar como la actividad economica dominante de la isla. EnglishTwo environmental re-engineering projects clashed in south-eastern Puerto Rico in the early twentieth century. Between 1910 and 1914 the Puerto Rican Irrigation Service built three large dams to water canefields owned by US sugar companies. The new canals and holding ponds created ideal breeding grounds for malaria-carrying mosquitoes, and demand for fieldworkers encouraged greater numbers of Puerto Ricans to work and live near these mosquito swarms. Malaria rates soared as a result. Meanwhile, public health officials tried to control malaria, but their efforts faltered, especially when efficient irrigation was prioritised above all else. It was not until the 1940s and 1950s that health officials controlled and then eliminated malaria. In Puerto Rico, malaria rose with the commitment to irrigated canefields and remained tenacious until wartime exigencies inspired greater control efforts, DDT became available and, most importantly, manufacturing eclipsed sugar production as the island’s dominant economic activity
Transcriptome analysis after PPARγ activation in human meibomian gland epithelial cells (hMGEC).

Abstract Purpose PPARγ plays a critical role in the maturation of immortalized human meibomian gland epithelial cells (hMGEC). To further understand the molecular changes associated with meibocyte differentiation, we analyzed transcriptome profiles from hMGEC after PPARγ activation. Methods Three sets of cultivated hMGEC with or without exposure to PPARγ agonist, rosiglitazone were used for RNA-seq analysis. RNA was isolated and processed to generate 6 libraries. The libraries were then sequenced and mapped to the human reference genome, and the expression results were gathered as reads per length of transcript in kilobases per million mapped reads (RPKM) values. Differential gene expression analyses were performed using DESeq2 and NOISeq. Gene ontology enrichment analysis (GOEA) was performed on gene sets that were upregulated or downregulated after rosiglitazone treatment. Five genes were selected for validation and differential expression was confirmed using quantitative PCR. The Differential expression of CK5 was evaluated using Western blotting. Results Expression data indicated that about 58,000 genes are expressed in hMGEC. DESeq2 and NOISeq indicated that 296 and 3436 genes were upregulated and 258 and 3592 genes were down regulated after rosiglitazone treatment, respectively. Of genes showing significant differences > 2 fold, GOEA indicated that cellular and metabolic processes were highly represented. Expression of ANGPTL4, PLIN2, SQSTM1, and DDIT3 were significantly upregulated and HHIP was downregulated by rosiglitazone. CK5 was downregulated by rosiglitazone. Conclusions The RNA-seq data suggested that PPARγ activation induced alterations in cell differentiation and metabolic process and affected multiple signaling pathways such as PPAR, autophagy, WNT, and Hedgehog.
Abstract 469: Transient Introduction of miR-294 in the Heart Promotes Cardiomyocyte Cell Reentry After Injury

Rationale: Embryonic heart is characteristic of rapidly dividing cardiomyocytes required to build a working myocardium. Cardiomyocytes retain some proliferative capacity in the neonates but lose mo...
ROLE OF CARDIOPULMONARY TEST PERFORMANCE IN POST-AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT PATIENTS, RELATIONSHIP WITH ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS, AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES

Aortic valve replacement (AVR) in patients with severe aortic valve disease is the only effective treatment to relieve symptoms and improve survival. We sought to describe clinical and echocardiographic (echo) correlates of exercise performance and outcomes following AVR We retrospectively
Effects of Sex Differences in the Pharmacokinetics of Drugs and Their Impact on the Safety of Medicines in Women

Inclusion of women in clinical trials and analysis of clinical trial data for sex/gender effects have been an integral component of the US FDA’s consideration for approval of pharmaceutical products since the mid-1980s (1993). The study of sex differences is now a routine component of drug development because of existing data in drug exposure and response differences between men and women and the need to understand such differences for proper dosing. The resulting expanding knowledge of sex differences in the exposure and responses to drugs has led to a better understanding of the mechanisms contributing to these differences and improved pharmacotherapy for men and women.
Conditional estimates on small distances between ordinates of zeros of ζ(s) and ζ′(s) ☆

Abstract Let β ′ + i γ ′ be a zero of ζ ′ ( s ) . In [3] Garaev and Yildirim proved that there is a zero β + i γ of ζ ( s ) with γ ′ − γ ≪ | β ′ − 1 / 2 | . Assuming RH, we improve this bound by saving a factor log ⁡ log ⁡ γ ′ .
Precise Placement of Single Monomer Units in Living Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization

Summary Precise control of the location and sequence of monomers in a narrow-disperse polymer chain remains a significant challenge. Our strategy uses selective and quantitative single additions of cyclopropene (CPE) derivatives to precisely place functional moieties at desired locations along a polymer chain during the living ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of norbornenes (NBEs). In order to completely reinitiate the chain end after single addition of a CPE, we lowered the reaction temperature and added a labile ligand. Under our optimized conditions, we demonstrated the exclusive placement of single moieties at pre-determined locations along a polynorbornene (PNBE) homo or block co-polymer while maintaining narrow MW distributions and controlled MWs. Some polymers were used to synthesize precisely controlled branched architectures. The ability to control the location and number of individual functional groups in a polymer chain opens exciting opportunities for the precise synthesis and manipulation of polymer structures, architectures, assemblies, and properties.
Traveling Ionosphere Disturbance Signatures on Ground-Based Observations of the O( 1 D) Nightglow Inferred From 1-D Modeling

This paper reports our simulations of the volume emission rate (VER) of the O($^1D$) redline nightglow perturbed by waves traveling across the thermosphere at around 250 km altitude. Waves perturb ...
The design of the Galileo scan platform control

The design of the scan platform control for the Galileo spacecraft is described. Emphasis is given to the inertial pointing of the scan platform when the spacecraft is in the dual-spin configuration. The various methods of operation used in Galileo scan pointing are outlined. Important design considerations, such as spacecraft flexibility and the separation of the actuator and sensor by a flexible structure, are discussed. An explanation is given of the pointing requirements imposed on the scan platform control. Also given is a high level description of the relevant scan pointing algorithms. The performance of the design is demonstrated by means of a sample slew test case. The simulation program used in the test includes models of the flexibility of the stator structure, the friction in the clock and cone actuators, the gyro sensor characteristics, and the system time delays.
The Effect of External Perturbations on Ecological Oscillators

Population interactions cause oscillations across a variety of ecological systems. These ecological population oscillators are subject to external forces including climatic effects and migration. One way of understanding the impact of these perturbations is to study their effect on the phase of the oscillations. We introduce tools commonly used to describe the phase of oscillating phenomena in cardiac dynamics, circadian rhythms, firing neurons, and more recently, coupled predator–prey dynamics. We walk the reader through the applications of these methods to several common ecological models and present research opportunities to extend these techniques to other models to address specific ecological issues and phenomena.
Signalling capacity and crisis diplomacy: Explaining the failure of ‘maximum pressure’ in the 2017 U.S.-North Korea nuclear crisis

In the 2017 U.S.-North Korea nuclear crisis, the Trump administration’s ‘maximum pressure’ strategy failed to achieve its objectives of the complete, irreversible, verifiable denuclearization (CVID...