cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Physical and Structural Evolution of Sol-Gel Derived TiO2-SiO2 Glasses

A method for producing large TiO2-SiO2 gel-glass monoliths using the sol-gel method has been developed. The gel-glasses are prepared by a pre-hydrolysis method using tetramethylorthosilicate and titanium isopropoxide as precursors. The microhardness, specific surface area and pore radius of the gel-glasses do not change significantly below 600°C. Above 600°C, these properties increase rapidly with densification temperature. At lower TiO2concentration, the glasses obtained by heating to 900°C for 15 hours were not crystallized, while for 15 wt % TiO2 glass, anatase precipitated.
Editorial: The Cultural Formulation

The Outline for Cultural Formulation, developed for DSM-IV by the Group on Culture and Diagnosis of the National Institute of Mental Health (Mezzich, 1995; Lewis-Fernandez, 1996), represents the most substantive cultural contribution to the DSM series. It provides instructions for conducting a cultural formulation, a systematic assessment of the patient’s cultural identity, illness representations, perceived causation, treatment expectations, cultural context of stressors and supports, and other relevant cultural factors that can be carried out with a patient from any cultural background during a mental health evaluation. The information obtained on these aspects of the patients’ socio-cultural context is intended to improve diagnostic validity as well as to help align clinicians’ recommendations with the patient’s and family’s illness understandings and help-seeking expectations in order to enhance treatment satisfaction, adherence, and response (Lewis-Fernandez & Diaz, 2002). Since the publication of DSM-IV in 1994, the Cultural Formulation has become a primary component of cultural mental health training in psychiatric and family medicine residency programs and graduate schools both in the US and abroad. However, it remains underutilized in actual clinical practice, likely due to limited dissemination efforts towards practicing clinicians and because of the time required for its implementation. In addition, the last 15 years have revealed areas of the Cultural Formulation in need of improvement, such as its conceptualization of illness models,
Structurally Homogeneous Nanosheets from Self‐Assembly of a Collagen‐Mimetic Peptide

A collagen-mimetic peptide, NSIII, has been designed with three sequential blocks having positive, neutral, and negative charges, respectively. The non-canonical imino acid, (2S,4S)-4-aminoproline (amp), was used to specify the positive charges at the Xaa positions of (Xaa-Yaa-Gly) triads in the N-terminal domain of NSIII. Peptide NSIII underwent self-assembly from aqueous solution to form a highly homogeneous population of nanosheets. Two-dimensional crystalline sheets formed in which the length of the peptide defined the height of the sheets. These results contrasted with prior results on a similar multi-domain collagen-mimetic polypeptides in which the sheets had highly polydisperse distribution of sizes in the (x/y)- and (z)-dimensions. The structural differences between the two nanosheet assemblies were interpreted in terms of the relative stereoelectronic effects of the different aminoproline derivatives on the local triple helical conformation of the peptides.
American dialect identification using phonotactic and prosodic features

This work is concerned with employing both prosodic and phonotactic information in developing an automatic dialect identification system. Prosodic information is considered an important part of speech from which one can infer a speaker's affiliation, age, gender, emotion, and of course dialect. Prosodic information serves both linguistic and extra-linguistic functions. The linguistic functions deal with the lexical and post-lexical properties, while the extra-linguistic functions deal with age, gender, and attitude. We are interested in the extra-linguistic features, and believe that modeling the prosodic information together with the phonotactic information will help in providing a robust identification system. In this paper, the impact of employing prosodic features on the automatic dialect identification process was studied. Results show that prosodic features improve identification accuracy over using standalone phonotactic solutions.
Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Analysis of the Peridium of Mutinus Caninus

the ground. At 2-wk intervals from 6 November 1978 to 27 March 1979, leaf discs were brought into the laboratory and subjected to various temperature and moisture treatments. In dry treatments, leaf discs were allowed to air-dry prior to incubation; in wet treatments, leaf discs were soaked in distilled water until they became pliable and were incubated on moist laboratory towels. At the end of each 2-wk incubation period, leaf discs were fixed in a mixture of 5% propionic acid, 5% formaldehyde, 45% 2-propanol, and 45% water. Leaves were dehydrated, embedded in Tissue Prep (Fisher Scientific Co., Fair Lawn, New Jersey) (MP = 65.5 C), sectioned at 12 um, and stained using a modified Conant's staining schedule (Johansen, 1940). During incubation periods from 20 February to 15 May, pseudothecia which developed two ostioles were observed. Pseudoparaphyses developed from either end of the pseudothecium, two hymenial layers formed, and ascospores ejected from ostioles which protruded from the upper and lower sides of the apple leaf (FIG. 1). Such development was noted in less than 1% of the pseudothecia sampled and was observed in all stages of pseudothecial development following pseudoparaphysis initiation. Although these pseudothecia were not observed until pseudoparaphysis initiation, their course of development was probably determined at an earlier stage when ascogonia developed. Such a response may be geotropic, allowing the fungus to reorient itself in wind-blown apple leaves, so that ascospores, if ejected, might be caught by wind currents.
Ultrasound-guided central venous catheter placement increases success rates in pediatric patients: a meta-analysis

Ultrasound-guided central venous catheter placement increases success rates in pediatric patients: a meta-analysis
Fertilization limitation of Diadema antillarum on coral reefs in the Florida Keys

Mass mortality of the sea urchin Diadema antillarum due to disease outbreaks in 1983 and 1991 decimated populations in the Florida Keys, and they have yet to recover. Here, we use a coupled advection-diffusion and fertilization-kinetics model to test the hypothesis that these populations are fertilization limited. We found that fertilization success was ≥ 96% prior to the first disease outbreak, decreased substantially following recurrent disease to 3%, and has since remained low. By investigating the combined effects of physical factors (population spatial extent and current velocity) and sea urchin behavior (aggregation) on density-dependent fertilization success, we show that fertilization success at a given density increases with increasing population spatial extent and decreasing current velocity, and is greater under simulated aggregation behavior of D. antillarum. However, at present population densities, the increase in fertilization success due to aggregation is < 1%, even under the most favorable physical conditions. These results indicate that populations are severely fertilization limited, and that Allee effects at low population density will continue to limit recovery. Our results can serve as a practical guide to managers in the development of coral reef restoration strategies, including the design of a D. antillarum restocking program to obtain reproductively viable populations.
Similarity of arterial and intravenous vasopressin on portal and systemic hemodynamics.

The effects of superior mesenteric arterial and intravenous infusions of vasopressin and low and high dose intravenous infusions of vasopressin on splanchnic and systemic hemodynamics were compared in 20 anesthetized dogs. The following parameters were evaluated: flow in the superior mesenteric artery and portal vein, portal and systemic blood pressure, and cardiac output. In the comparison of selective arterial and intravenous infusions, no statistically significant difference was found between the degree of changes in portal flow, portal and systemic blood pressure, and cardiac output. Only the superior mesenteric artery flow showed a greater decrease with the selective arterial injection. In a comparison of intravenous high dose (corresponding to that used clinically) and low dose (one-fifth) infusions of vasopressin, a relatively high splanchnic and low systemic effectiveness of the low dose was found. It resulted in only a 15 to 20% smaller effect on flow in the superior mesenteric artery and portal vein and portal pressure; however, about 40% lesser systemic effect on arterial blood pressure and cardiac output than the high dose. The results of this experimental work warrant exploration in clinical practice, preferably by a controlled study. If clinical success in controlling hemorrhage confirms these hemodynamic results, an intravenous, low dose infusion of vasopressin would appear to be the method of choice in the vasoconstrictive therapy of gastrointestinal bleeding from varices.
Medicare Facility Diagnosis-Related Groups Have Outpaced Individual Physician Payment.

Background We set out to compare the rates of Medicare reimbursement to physicians versus hospitals for several major vascular procedures over a period of 5 years. Methods We queried the Wolters Kluwer MediRegs database to collect Medicare reimbursement data from fiscal years 2011 to 2015. We surveyed reimbursements for carotid endarterectomy, carotid angioplasty and stenting, femoropopliteal bypass, and lower extremity fem-pop revascularization with stenting. Based on data availability, we surveyed physician reimbursement data on the national level and in both medically overserved and underserved areas. Hospital reimbursement rates were examined on a national level and by hospitals' teaching and wage index statuses. Results We found that for all 4 vascular procedures, Medicare reimbursements to hospitals increased by a greater percentage than to physicians. By region, underserved areas had lower physician reimbursements than the national average, while the opposite was true for overserved areas. Additionally, for hospital Medicare reimbursements, location in a high wage index accounted for a significant increase in reimbursement over the national average, with teaching status contributing to this increase in a smaller extent. Conclusions These data on Medicare reimbursements indicate that payments to hospitals are increasing more significantly than to physicians. This disparity in pay changes affects both independent and academic vascular surgeons. Medicare should consider pay increases to independent providers in accordance to the hospital pay increase.
An approach to cooperation in general-sum normal form games

My primary research interest is social behavior for software agents to achieve cooperation in general-sum normal form games. An agent can easily be programmed to constantly cooperate in a normal form game, but such an agent is not suitable for environments with potentially hostile opponents. For a rational agent, the main reason to cooperate is to induce reciprocation; to reciprocate it is necessary to determine which moves are cooperative. In constant-sum games cooperation is impossible because any gain by one agent is a loss by the other agent. In other games (such as Prisoner's Dilemma) it is easy to identify cooperative moves because the opponent's payoffs for that move strictly dominate the other moves of the agent. In general it is not easy to identify cooperative strategies in arbitrary general-sum games.
The History of the Cytoplasmic Elements During Vitellogenesis in Drosophila Melanogaster

1. At least two kinds of yolk are developed in the eggs of Drosophila melanogaster . The origin of the proteid yolk has been traced to precursors sent into the oocyte by the nurse cells, while the minute fatty yolk granules are transformed chondriomites also contributed by the nurses. The behaviour and morphology of Golgi material in the nurses indicate that it may be responsible for a third type of yolk. 2. A yolk nucleus has been found in oocytes of an age when the germinal disk has been pushed to one side. So long as such a structure exists, all the proteid yolk precursors are concentrated and matured within its confine. Soon this structure disintegrates and disappears. But after its disappearance, yolk precursors continue to be sent by the nurses into the oocyte, and there they develop into mature granules apparently without the benefit of a yolk nucleus. On the basis of facts thus far obtained, it is, therefore, difficult to say just what role the so-called yolk nucleus plays in vitellogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster . 3. Golgi material in the nurse cells has been observed to undergo two distinct proliferations. In young nurses, Golgi material occurs in a few discrete bits which, as the nurses grow in size, proliferate into a large number of intertwining threads so arranged as to suggest a net. Then follows a period in which only very few minute granules of Golgi material can be seen. This is definitely a period of scarcity. After this, a second proliferation takes place. This one is carried to such an extreme extent that the cytoplasm of the cells is just black with Golgi material. The Golgi threads, arranged more or less in a parallel fashion and very closely together, present the appearance of pieces of Golgi ‘tissue’. Next, the pieces of ‘tissue’ loosen up into separate threads from which individual Golgi granules arise. These granules enlarge to become vesicles. 4. In the course of development of the nurse cells, the mitochondria also undergo a proliferation. Finally, the chondrioconts break up into granules which enlarge and eventually all transform into droplets of unsaturated fat. 5. My observations point to the conclusion that the oocyte depends upon its nurses for the production of fatty yolk. Proteid yolk granules, however, are developed within the oocyte, though from precursors sent in also by the nurse cells. The follicular cells do not appear to contribute anything to vitellogenesis in Drosophila . 6. An idiosome-like granule has been observed in oogonia, and also in oocytes up to a certain stage of development. For reasons stated elsewhere, it cannot be regarded as an idiosome nor as a centrosome. This structure has not been observed in nurse cells.
The Potential Role of an Endotoxin Tolerance-Like Mechanism for the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Spirulina platensis Organic Extract in Macrophages

Abstract Endotoxin tolerance is a phenomenon where exposure of innate immune cells to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces a refractory state to subsequent endotoxin exposures. The goal of this study was to investigate if Spirulina platensis organic extract (SPE) induces an endotoxin tolerance-like state. We used splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat/high-sucrose (HF/HS) control or a HF/HS diet containing 0.25% (w/w) SPE for 16 weeks for ex vivo LPS stimulation and endotoxin-tolerant (ET) macrophages to evaluate the effects of SPE on endotoxin tolerance. Cells from SPE-fed mice displayed significantly less expression of proinflammatory genes than those from control mice. ET macrophages were produced in vitro by incubating RAW 264.7 macrophages with low-dose LPS to determine the energy phenotype of naive, SPE-treated, and ET macrophages. Compared to naive macrophages exposed to a high-dose LPS (100 ng/mL) for the first time, ET macrophages showed significantly less proinflamm...
The Tax Day Trade: An Efficient Market Anomaly

We present the "Tax Day Trade," a one day trade that gains an average of 1/2%. The trade was developed using the "Strategic Analysis of Markets Method (SAMM)" described in the two volume series "The Strategic Analysis of Financial Markets" (forthcoming from World Scientific). Detective work reveals the dynamics behind its success, and behavioral analysis indicates that its impact won't diminish without significant countervailing arbitrage. This is a clear-cut efficient markets "anomaly'' whose origins are known, and which has not been arbitraged away.
The functional MDM2 SNP309 polymorphism is associated with an earlier age of diagnosis in women with lung cancer

10550 Background: MDM2 protein is a key negative regulator of p53 protein by targeting its destruction through the ubiquitin pathway. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP309 T→G) has been identifi...
Evaluation After EA Repair: Endoscopy, Ultrasound, and Function

In this chapter, we discuss the technique for upper endoscopy in small children and how we have adapted instruments and methodology to apply to infants with long-gap EA. We use endoscopy from the initial assessment of these patients and then throughout the repair process as well as during follow-up. We also discuss the potential luminal pathologies in this patient group and how endoscopy can be used for this purpose.
Commenting on “Atmospheric affect … gaining share of customer”

AbstractIn the year 2000, the Journal of Business Research (JBR) published “Atmospheric affect as a tool for creating value and gaining share of customer” by Babin and Attaway. Along with the help of reviewers and the audience at a prestigious retailing symposium hosted by Jean-Charles Chebat in Montreal a year or so earlier, the authors put together a contribution that appears to have stood the test of time. Through the past five years, the article continues to see nearly 100 citations annually. The comments presented here try to offer some thoughts on what makes this particular JBR article successful.
Pancreatic Cancer Epidemiology and Environmental Risk Factors

Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. It is currently the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women in the United States and has a less than 10% 5-year survival rate for all stages combined.
Enhanced CD103 Expression and Reduced Frequencies of Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells Among Airway Lymphocytes After Influenza Vaccination of Mice Deficient in Vitamins A + D.

Abstract Previous research has evaluated antibody responses toward an influenza virus vaccine in the context of deficiencies for vitamins A and D (VAD+VDD). Results showed that antibodies and antib...
Acid-enhanced conformation changes of yeast cytochrome c coated onto gold nanoparticles, a FT-IR spectroscopic analysis

Under conditions with or without linker molecules, the effects of acidic pH on the conformation of yeast iso-1-cytochrome c coated onto gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in correlation with color changes of a Cyt c-coated AuNPs solution/suspension were examined by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and correlated to color change. The results of detailed secondary structural analysis revealed that although the color changes coincide with acid-induced conformational changes in Cyt c coated onto AuNPs, the pH-related conformational unfolding of Cyt c coated onto AuNPs differed dramatically from that of its counterpart in solution. For Cyt c free in solution, the acid-induced unfolding did not occur until the pH was below 3.0, whereas for Cyt c coated onto AuNPs via C102 coordination near the C-terminal, a partial unfolding was observed even at near neutral pH which continuously intensified as pH decreased. Insertion of a short alkanethiol (3-mercaptoproprionic acid, 3-MPA) molecule between Cyt c and AuNP, which changes the interaction mode from a thiol coordination between Cyt c and AuNP to an electrostatic interaction between Cyt c and 3-MPA, which stabilized the conformation of Cyt c significantly, but did not prevent the acid-induced aggregation of Cyt c-3MPA-AuNPs.
A Prostate Cancer Composite Score to Identify High Burden Neighborhoods.

Abstract This study presents a novel geo-based metric to identify neighborhoods with high burdens of prostate cancer, and compares this metric to other methods to prioritize neighborhoods for prostate cancer interventions. We geocoded prostate cancer patient data ( n = 10,750) from the Pennsylvania cancer registry from 2005 to 2014 by Philadelphia census tract (CT) to create standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), mortality ratios (SMRs), and mean prostate cancer aggressiveness. We created a prostate cancer composite (PCa composite) variable to describe CTs by mean-centering and standard deviation-scaling the SMR, SIR, and mean aggressiveness variables and summing them. We mapped CTs with the 25 highest PCa composite scores and compared these neighborhoods to CTs with the 25 highest percent African American residents and the 25 lowest median household incomes. The mean PCa composite score among the 25 highest CTs was 4.65. Only seven CTs in Philadelphia had both one of the highest PCa composite scores and the highest percent African American residents. Only five CTs had both the highest PCa composites and the lowest median incomes. Mean PCa composite scores among CTs with the highest percent African American residents and lowest median incomes were 2.08 and 1.19, respectively. The PCa composite score is an accurate metric for prioritizing neighborhoods based on burden. If neighborhoods were prioritized based on percent African American or median income, priority neighborhoods would have been very different and not based on PCa burden. These methods can be utilized by public health decision-makers when tasked to prioritize and select neighborhoods for cancer interventions.
Vagal innervation of guinea pig bronchial smooth muscle

We isolated the guinea pig right bronchus with the vagus nerves intact and evaluated the changes in isometric tension of the smooth muscle in response to nerve stimulation. Brief (10-s) trains of electrical field stimulation or vagus nerve stimulation caused a biphasic contraction: the "first phase" sensitive to atropine and the "second phase" sensitive to capsaicin. The two phases could be dissociated by adjusting the stimulus intensity; greater stimulus intensities (pulse durations or voltage) were required to evoke the capsaicin-sensitive phase. When stimulated at 30-min intervals, the magnitude of both phases of the contractions declined over a 2-h period of repeated stimulation; however, this was prevented by indomethacin. Stimulation of the left vagus nerve resulted in a monophasic contraction of the right bronchus, with little evidence of a capsaicin-sensitive phase. Blocking neurotransmission through the bronchial ganglion, as monitored by intracellular recording techniques, abolished the first-phase contraction but had no effect on the capsaicin-sensitive phase. Selective blockade of muscarinic M1 receptors had no effect on vagus nerve-mediated contractions. The results demonstrate that the left and right vagus nerves carry preganglionic fibers to the right bronchial ganglion. The right but not the left vagus nerve also carries capsaicin-sensitive afferent fibers that, when stimulated, result in a persistent contraction of the right bronchus. Finally, we provide functional and electrophysiological evidence supporting the hypothesis that capsaicin-sensitive afferent neurons communicate with postganglionic motoneurons within the bronchus.
LONGINUS' ON THE SUBLIME AND THE ROLE OF THE CREATIVE IMAGINATION

The Neoclassical battle over the importance of the ancients or the moderns is well over, but our awareness of the influence of Aristotle’s Poetics as still the most quoted authoritative source in critical theoretizing on literature is unfailing. To invoke Aristotle is to invoke the main classical document concerning the ever-present questions of literary genres, values or imitative qualities of a text. Moreover, to quote any other classical texts of literary criticism usually means still staying within the mainstream of largely Aristotelian thinking. An exception to this rule is the treatise On the Sublime by Longinus, written in the first century A.D. However, it is rather rare to quote Longinus now, even though his work was popularized by Neoclassical critics and poets (for example, Pope) and then elevated in the nineteenth century as a “source of authoritative encouragement” (Bate 62) for the European romantic writers, who stressed new critical methods and values.
mClass: Cancer Type Classification with Somatic Point Mutation Data

Cancer is a complex disease associated with abnormal DNA mutations. Not all tumors are cancerous and not all cancers are the same. Correct cancer type diagnosis can indicate the most effective drug therapy and increase survival rate. At the molecular level, it has been shown that cancer type classification can be carried out from the analysis of somatic point mutation. However, the high dimensionality and sparsity of genomic mutation data, coupled with its small sample size has been a hindrance in accurate classification of cancer. We address these problems by introducing a novel classification method called mClass that accounts for the sparsity of the data. mClass is a feature selection method that ranks genes based on their similarity across samples and employs their normalized mutual information to determine the set of genes that provide optimal classification accuracy. Experimental results on TCGA datasets show that mClass significantly improves testing accuracy compared to DeepGene, which is the state-of-the-art in cancer-type classification based on somatic mutation data. In addition, when compared with other cancer gene prediction tools, the set of genes selected by mClass contains the highest number of genes in top 100 genes listed in the Cancer Gene Census. mClass is available at https://github.com/mdahasan/mClass.
Phase-sensitive lock-in detection for high-contrast mid-infrared photothermal imaging with sub-diffraction limited resolution

Imaging of the phase output of a lock-in amplifier in mid-infrared photothermal vibrational microscopy is demonstrated for the first time in combination with nonlinear demodulation. In general, thermal blurring and heat transport phenomena contribute to the resolution and sensitivity of mid-infrared photothermal imaging. For heterogeneous samples with multiple absorbing features, if imaged in a spectral regime of comparable absorption with their embedding medium, it is demonstrated that differentiation with high contrast is achieved in complementary imaging of the phase signal obtained from a lock-in amplifier compared to standard imaging of the photothermal amplitude signal. Specifically, by investigating the relative contribution of the out-of-phase lock-in signal, information based on changes in the rate of heat transport can be extracted, and inhomogeneities in the thermal diffusion properties across the sample plane can be mapped with high sensitivity and sub-diffraction limited resolution. Under these imaging conditions, wavenumber regimes can be identified in which the thermal diffusion contributions are minimized and an enhancement of the spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limited spot size of the probe beam in the corresponding phase images is achieved. By combining relative diffusive phase imaging with nonlinear demodulation at the second harmonic, it is demonstrated that 1-μm-size melamine beads embedded in a thin layer of 4-octyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl (8CB) liquid crystal can be detected with a 1.3-μm spatial full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) resolution. Thus, imaging with a resolving power that exceeds the probe diffraction limited spot size by a factor of 2.5 is presented, which paves the route towards super-resolution, label-free imaging in the mid-infrared.
Positive surgical margins after radical nephrectomy for localized kidney cancer: Impact on survival.

676Background: Impact of positive surgical margins (PSM) in patients undergoing radical nephrectomy (RN) in localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is poorly understood. We sought to understand the im...
Infographics as a Business Communication Tool: An Empirical Investigation of User Preference, Comprehension & Efficiency

Infographics are being touted as an up and coming business communication tool that can express ideas quickly and efficiently while being visually appealing and engaging. The purpose of this study was to test whether information conveyed through infographics provided superior outcomes compared to a text format in terms of user preferences, comprehension, and reader efficiency. An international sample of 895 respondents from three generational groups were administered an online survey that incorporated an experimental design. Using a between-subjects design, respondents were randomly assigned to read an article as an infographic or its text equivalent. ANOVA tests indicated that infographics may enhance communication with some age groups. Millennials were more likely to say they would read the article and recommend it to others if they received the infographic version than if they received the text version. However, Baby Boomers attained better comprehension when they received the text version compared to the infographic version. Findings indicate that infographics and traditional text approaches are needed to reach a multi-generational workforce, although infographics will likely grow in popularity in the next decade as more Millennials enter the workforce and Baby Boomers continue to exit it.
Variations in Surgical Safety According to Affiliation Status With a Top-Ranked Cancer Hospital.

This database study analyzes the association between hospital affiliation with top-ranked cancer hospitals and surgical safety at affiliate hospitals.
Axillary Pathologic Complete Response in Inflammatory Breast Cancer Patients: Implications for SLNB?

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is increasingly utilized after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in responsive adenopathy, particularly with placement of a marking clip in the involved node(s). This may allow a subset of patients to avoid axillary lymph node dissection. SLNB is still discouraged in inflammatory breast cancer (IBC). The purpose of this study is to examine the axillary pathologic complete response (AXpCR) in IBC patients with clinical adenopathy. There may be an implication to approach a subset of IBC patients for SLNB after NAC. A single-institution institutional review board-approved database was reviewed. Inclusion criteria were clinicopathologic diagnosis of IBC and age ≥ 18 years. Stage IV disease was excluded. We collected data on demographics, tumor characteristics including histology and subtype, axillary status, and treatment effect details. Sixty-six patients fulfilled criteria. Mean follow-up was 4.1 years. The AXpCR was 6% for luminal A and luminal B [human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2 −] subtypes, and 24% for basal subtype. The AXpCR rate was 64% for HER2-enriched and luminal B (HER2 +) patients. Achievement of AXpCR among these HER2-positive patients was statistically significant (p = 0.0001). There was minimal difference in achieving AXpCR in HER2-overexpressing patients regardless of hormone receptor status (p = 1.000). Understanding the best patients to select for use of SLNB or targeted lymph node dissection after treatment is evolving. This unique series identified and described the axillary pathologic characteristics of IBC patients following NAC. Further research is needed to confirm that the approach, axillary node clip placement prior to treatment, is feasible and accurate in IBC.
Successful and Reproducible Post-Operative Pain Control Using Multidisciplinary Opioid-Sparing Regimen in Patients Undergoing Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation

Introduction Cardiac surgery is associated with significant acute pain. A proportion of patients will eventually transition to chronic pain, with possible ongoing use of opioids. Prescribers play consequential roles in achieving a balance between effective pain management and a patient's access to prolonged opioids. We developed an opioid-specific standards, an educational tool, and a patient agreement form. Mid-level providers completed a pain management course focused on the use of opioid alternatives. Hypothesis The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a multidisciplinary Opioid-Sparing Medical Regimen (OSMR) on pain levels and rate of opioid prescriptions upon discharge in patients undergoing left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. Methods A retrospective chart review of all patients receiving LVAD implant from January 1, 2014 to December 30, 2017 was performed. The study sample was limited to patients ≥18 years of age who underwent LVAD implantation. The intervention group consisted of subjects undergoing LVAD implantation, who received postoperative pain management using an OSMR after June 1, 2016. The comparison group consisted of subjects who received LVAD implant prior to OSMR implementation. The pain intensity was independently reported by patients to nursing staff and documented in the electronic medical record. The 11-point Numeric Rating Scale was utilized. Results A total of 194 patients met inclusion criteria. Comparison and OSMR groups represented 97 patients each. There was a reduction in the number of patients requiring opioid prescriptions at the time of hospital discharge following the implementation of an OSMR. Total opioid prescriptions upon discharge decreased from a quarterly average of 67% to 16%. Additionally, at 18 months following implementation of an OSMR, no opioid prescriptions were required at hospital discharge for the management of acute postoperative pain (Figure 1). There was no overall difference in reported pain scores between the 2 cohorts (Figure 2). No statistically significant difference was found on daily reported scores from the time of transfer out of the ICU to day 15. Conclusions OSMR implementation for acute post-operative pain control in LVAD patients is effective and reproducible, with pain scores comparable to an opioid based medication regimen. OSMR was shown to minimize the need for discharge opioid prescriptions potentially reducing the risk of new persistent opioid use.
Multiple lines of genetic inquiry reveal effects of local and landscape factors on an amphibian metapopulation

A central tenet of landscape ecology is that both characteristics of patches and the matrix between them influence functional connectivity. Landscape genetics seeks to evaluate functional connectivity by determining the role of spatial processes in the distribution of genetic diversity on the landscape. However, landscape genetics studies often consider only the landscape matrix, ignoring patch-level characteristics, and possibly missing significant drivers of functional connectivity. (1) Evaluate drivers of functional connectivity for an amphibian metapopulation, and (2) determine whether local characteristics are as important as landscape features to functional connectivity of this species. We used gravity models to evaluate the evidence for hypothesized drivers of functional connectivity for Dryophytes wrightorum that included both local and landscape attributes and a novel combination of methods of genetic inquiry: landscape genetics and environmental DNA (eDNA). Hypothesized drivers of connectivity included effects of hydrology, canopy cover, and species interactions. Evidence weights indicated that stream networks were the most likely driver of functional connectivity, and connectivity along stream networks was positively correlated with gene flow. We also found a strong correlation between abundance of D. wrightorum from eDNA data and effective population size estimates from microsatellite data. We found evidence that functional connectivity of D. wrightorum was strongly driven by stream networks, despite considering multiple local and landscape processes. This suggests that management of this species focused on landscape hydrologic connectivity as gene flow corridors while maintaining current local management action is likely to have a positive effect on species conservation.
Genetic compensation in a stable slc25a46 mutant zebrafish: A case for using F0 CRISPR mutagenesis to study phenotypes caused by inherited disease

A phenomenon of genetic compensation is commonly observed when an organism with a disease-bearing mutation shows incomplete penetrance of the disease phenotype. Such incomplete phenotypic penetrance, or genetic compensation, is more commonly found in stable knockout models, rather than transient knockdown models. As such, these incidents present a challenge for the disease modeling field, although a deeper understanding of genetic compensation may also hold the key for novel therapeutic interventions. In our study we created a knockout model of slc25a46 gene, which is a recently discovered important player in mitochondrial dynamics, and deleterious mutations in which are known to cause peripheral neuropathy, optic atrophy and cerebellar ataxia. We report a case of genetic compensation in a stable slc25a46 homozygous zebrafish mutant (hereafter referred as "mutant"), in contrast to a penetrant disease phenotype in the first generation (F0) slc25a46 mosaic mutant (hereafter referred as "crispant"), generated with CRISPR/Cas-9 technology. We show that the crispant phenotype is specific and rescuable. By performing mRNA sequencing, we define significant changes in slc25a46 mutant's gene expression profile, which are largely absent in crispants. We find that among the most significantly altered mRNAs, anxa6 gene stands out as a functionally relevant player in mitochondrial dynamics. We also find that our genetic compensation case does not arise from mechanisms driven by mutant mRNA decay. Our study contributes to the growing evidence of the genetic compensation phenomenon and presents novel insights about Slc25a46 function. Furthermore, our study provides the evidence for the efficiency of F0 CRISPR screens for disease candidate genes, which may be used to advance the field of functional genetics.
MRI-Guided In-Bore and MRI-Targeted US (Fusion) Biopsy

Multiparametric MRI has revolutionized the imaging in the diagnostic pathway of prostate cancer. Multiparametric MRI followed by MR-targeted biopsy of suspicious lesions may preclude biopsy in at least a quarter of at-risk men. Over the past 10 years, various strategies have been developed for performing MR-targeted biopsy of prostate. A direct in-bore MR-guided biopsy allows real-time MR imaging and prostate sampling while patient is lying inside MR gantry, while MR-ultrasound fusion-targeted biopsy registers previously acquired MRI data with the real-time ultrasound images at the day of biopsy to simulate an MR-targeted approach. MR-ultrasound fusion-targeted biopsy and in-bore MR-guided biopsy have been shown to be safe and outperform traditional systematic 12-core transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsy, with significantly higher detection of clinically significant prostate cancer and lower detection of clinically insignificant cancer. Cost-effectiveness assessments have shown both MR-based approaches to have higher quality-adjusted life-year benefits. This chapter reviews the technical aspects, the current literature, and future directions for MR-ultrasound fusion and in-bore MR-guided biopsy of prostate. While there is no consensus on the preferred MR-targeted approach for sampling prostate, each MR-targeted biopsy technique provides its advantages and disadvantages. The selection of the preferred method needs to be tailored per patient basis and considering the availability of the technique and expertise of the center.
Analysis of Missed Sepsis Patients in a Pediatric Emergency Department With a Vital Sign-Based Electronic Sepsis Alert

Objective To characterize the cohort of missed sepsis patients since implementation of an electronic sepsis alert in a pediatric emergency department (ED). Methods Retrospective cohort study in a tertiary care children's hospital ED from July 1, 2014, to June 30, 2017. Missed patients met international consensus criteria for severe sepsis requiring intensive care unit admission within 24 hours of ED stay but were not treated with the sepsis pathway/order set in the ED. We evaluated characteristics of missed patients compared with sepsis pathway patients including alert positivity, prior intensive care unit admission, and laboratory testing via medical record review. Outcomes included timeliness of antibiotic therapy and need for vasoactive medications. Results There were 919 sepsis pathway patients and 53 (5%) missed patients during the study period. Of the missed patients, 41 (77%) had vital signs that flagged the sepsis alert. Of these 41 patients, 13 (32%) had a documented sepsis huddle where the team determined that the sepsis pathway was not indicated and 28 (68%) had no sepsis alert-related documentation. Missed patients were less likely to receive timely antibiotics (relative risk, 0.4; 95% confidence interval, 0.3-0.7) and more likely to require vasoactive medications (relative risk, 4.3; 95% confidence interval, 2.9-6.5) compared with sepsis patients. Conclusions In an ED with an electronic sepsis alert, missed patients often had positive sepsis alerts but were not treated for sepsis. Missed patients were more likely than sepsis pathway patients to require escalation of care after admission and less likely to receive timely antibiotics.
Disclosure Descriptors: Helping Investors Process Complex Accounting Estimates by Using Short Identical Descriptors

Companies can use either identical or different descriptors to refer to the same item within their disclosures, and such descriptors can vary in length. We conduct three experiments in the setting of complex accounting estimate disclosures (i.e., for Level 3 fair value estimates and for pensions) to examine how descriptor length and descriptor identicalness affect investor judgments. We manipulate descriptor length (short versus long) in Experiment 1 and descriptor identicalness (identical versus non-identical) in Experiments 2 and 3. We also manipulate, in all experiments, whether managers’ estimate choices are consistent or inconsistent with their strategic incentives to boost reported earnings. We predict and find that only with short and identical descriptors, do investors assess lower credibility and indicate lower investment willingness when managers make estimate choices that are incentive consistent versus inconsistent. Our study provides important insights to regulators as they continue working on improving the clarity of financial disclosures and to researchers regarding the effect of descriptor attributes on investors’ information processing and judgments.
Place meanings and national parks: A rhetorical analysis of social media texts

Abstract Many national parks now use social media to communicate their special qualities of place and guide visitors’ experiences. But, how do they actually construct effective social media messages that resonate with their audiences? To answer this, we used rhetorical discourse analysis to examine a one-year sample of texts from the Facebook posts of three large U.S. national parks. Rhetorical discourses are persuasive; their contents, forms and styles of organization can be studied to understand how social and cultural practices of meaning-making are enacted by communicators in an effort to influence audiences. In this study, we applied Aristotle’s three modes of argumentation (ethos, logos, and pathos) to guide the rhetorical analysis. Results show that agencies primarily provided emotion-laden and informational materials for social media followers in making claims about place and about visitor experiences. Four rhetorical themes about the uniqueness of park places, the management of people, parks and significant life moments, and time and timelessness, were identified. These contributed to an overall discourse about parks and spirituality that seemed intended to reaffirm the perspectives of existing audiences of park visitors. Understanding the rhetorical-discursive qualities of social media messages, however, can help agencies adjust their communication strategies to reach more diverse audiences while deploying a wider range of rhetorical approaches. Management implications For park managers the following aspects are of high relevance. - Social media presentations can extend and enhance a national park’s relationship with publics. - Park management agencies use emotion, logic and organizational credibility to construct social media claims. - Parks’ social media texts are rhetorical (persuasive), relying primarily on emotional claims and information dissemination. - Visitor-generated stories re-posted on a park’s social media site can expand both park’s and audiences’ social and cultural perspectives. - Study parks’ social media texts presented rhetorical discourses of spirituality that reinforced traditional place relationships and ways of engaging with national parks. - Social media postings are often directed to people who already visit the park; wider use of rhetorical ideas for more diverse audiences are needed.
Raising awareness: African American faculty perceptions of the interview process.

Abstract Background The American Association of Colleges of Nursing [AACN] and the National League for Nursing [NLN) recognize the importance of increasing the number of African American nursing faculty in collegiate nursing education. In other words, not hiring African American nurse faculty removes the African American perspective in advancing the tripartite mission of teaching, research, and service in academic nursing. Purpose The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of the interview process of African American faculty who sought employment in academic nursing. Method This qualitative study, guided by Critical Race Theory (CRT), used face-to-face, semi-structured interviews to explore the feelings and perceptions of nine African American female nursing educators who sought employment in academic nursing. Results Major themes that emerged from their stories associated with the interview process were the lack of clarity, lack of job security, lack of diversity within the nursing academy, and racism. Their stories provided a deeper understanding of the challenges, issues, and complexities experienced when navigating the interview process as they attempted to gain access to employment opportunities. Conclusion Through examining the lived experience of the African American nurse faculty hiring process, the CRT's framework illuminated how academic nursing institutions intentionally or unintentionally confirm the notion that nursing primarily wants to remain an ‘all-white profession.’
Cyclopentenone Prostaglandins: Biologically Active Lipid Mediators Targeting Inflammation.

Cyclopentenone prostaglandins (cyPGs) are biologically active lipid mediators, including PGA2, PGA1, and PGJ2. cyPGs are important regulators of inflammation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, cell migration, stem cell activity. cyPGs biologically act on multiple cellular targets, including transcription factors and signal transduction pathways. cyPGs regulate the inflammatory response by interfering with NF-κB, AP-1, MAPK, and JAK/STAT signaling pathways via both a group of nuclear receptor proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) dependent and PPAR-γ independent mechanisms. cyPGs have been studied in the context of chronic inflammation that is a causative factor in various cancers, also in the case of host-pathogen (bacterial, viral, parasitic) interaction mediated inflammation. Their anti-proliferation, pro-apoptosis, cytoprotective stress response, antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic activities allow them to interfere with tumor and cancer development to infections or other factors. cyPGs exhibit potent effects on viral infections by repressing viral protein synthesis, altering viral protein glycosylation, inhibiting virus transmission, and reducing virus-induced inflammation. Because of these activities, cyPGs have significant therapeutic value, especially in resolving inflammation and could be used in adjunct with other existing therapies.
Comparing Entrepreneurial Spirit in job descriptions seeking business undergraduates and graduates

Employers hiring candidates with a Master of Business Administration (MBA) indicate that the Entrepreneurial Spirit (ES) concepts of teamwork, creativity, innovation and adaptability are important....