cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of Cross-linking Temperature on Decay Behavior of XLPE Charge Accumulation

Cross-linked polyethylene(XLPE) films were employed as test samples to investigate the charge decay behavior by means of surface potential decay.The samples were cross-linked by adding dicumyl peroxide(DCP) as cross-linking agent into low density polyethylene with temperature ranged from 150°C to 180°C.Surface potential was measured by electrostatic probe after corona was charged for 5 minutes.The results show that charge decay behaves non-linearly.With the increase of the temperature,the decay rate decreases initially then tends to increase.It is suggested that space charge behavior depends upon the concentration of cross-linking byproducts which is varied as a function of the temperature.
Autoradiography of Gels Containing 32 P

Autoradiography of gels containing a (32)P label is used to detect and quantitate the radioactive label in a particular band or spot. Since (32)P is a high energy β-emitting isotope, no fluor is required in the gel (as in fluorography) to increase the efficiency of detection. However, since most of the radiation of high energy emitters (e.g., (32)P or (125)I) passes through the film without being absorbed, it is common to employ an intensifying screen (e.g., calcium tungstate), where the radiation from the isotope is absorbed by a fluorescent compound that reemits the energy as light. The intensifying screen is placed against the film on the opposite side from the radioactive source. Any radiation that passes right through the film is then absorbed by the screen, where light is emitted back onto the film. In this way, much more of the emitted radiation is used and the film is exposed by a combination of direct and indirect autoradiography. The time needed to obtain an autoradiography is therefore reduced when an intensifying screen is used. If a small amount of label is present, it is also advisable to use an intensifying screen in the cassette to decrease the time of exposure required.
Economizing Behavior and the Concept of “Curation”

Stone tool curation is a concept employed to explain certain aspects of prehistoric hunter-gatherer behavior, and its effect on lithic assemblages can be similar to that of responses to lithic raw material scarcity. These two concepts are examined here with respect to their validity and viability, and are applied to lithic data from the Lower Illinois Valley. Because of operational difficulties, only two of the five most commonly employed components of curation could be applied to the Illinois data, and the results of these two have led to different conclusions. Definitional ambiguities suggest that the term “curation” should not be employed without specifying its precise meaning, and should probably be restricted to those definitions emphasizing settlement and mobility organization. In comparing the effects on lithic collections of curation and scarcity-induced economizing behavior, certain variables in the Illinois Valley data were found to be useful in distinguishing either of these from the other.
Ippolita’s Wager

In the first days of January 1698, Ippolita Ludovisi (1663–1733) penned a gloomy but appreciative letter to her brother-in-law, Cardinal Giacomo Boncompagni (1652–1731). The cardinal had sent her a gift to add to her glass cabinet of treasures, a keepsake in honor of the birth of her seventh child, Lavinia, born at the end of December 1697. A humiliated Ippolita expressed her gratitude for the gift but confessed the unworthiness she felt as a recipient: If it were not for fact that it has pleased you to remember me, I would certainly not have had the heart to place these lines before you, since I have just reached a number [of girls sufficient] for a convent of nuns, [and] especially considering that it is only on my account that the casa has received this great harm …1
Oxidative damage to DNA and proteins.

PL01-02 The inflammatory response generates a constellation of reactive oxidants, electrophiles, lipid mediators, cytokines, etc. These species contribute to pathogen killing as well as activation and resolution of inflammation. Collateral damage to adjacent cell types contributes to tissue injury. A broad spectrum of damage is induced in DNA as a result of direct oxidation or nitration of DNA bases or the deoxyribosyl backbone. Damage also results from coupling to reactive electrophiles generated as products of lipid oxidation. The genotoxicity and mutagenicity of many of these types of DNA damage have been evaluated in site-specific experiments utilizing vectors that contain a single adduct at a defined position. For example, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-29-deoxyguanosine is the most abundant product of DNA oxidation but it is weakly mutagenic when compared to some minor products derived from it. A survey of the biological activities of oxidant-induced lesions will be presented. The other important target of oxidation is protein but much less is known about the chemistry and biology of protein modification compared to DNA modification. This situation is being rectified rapidly because of the power of mass spectrometry-based proteomics, increasingly sophisticated protein sequence databases, and the development of novel chemistry with which to identify modified proteins. Analysis of the biological responses cells exhibit toward oxidants and electrophiles indicate that discrete signaling pathways are triggered as a result of protein modification. Some protein modification, especially at low oxidant/electrophile concentrations, activates signaling designed to protect the cell from further damage. Comprehensive genomic and proteomic analysis suggests that multiple signaling pathways are engaged following oxidant/electrophile exposure including heat shock, antioxidant response, endoplasmic reticulum stress, etc. The chemistry and biological consequences of protein modification will be considered.
Papillary ovarian tumors. II. Endometrioid cancers and mesonephroma ovarii.

Abstract A clinicopathologic study of 923 cases of primary papillary ovarian tumor treated definitively at the Mayo Clinic including 56 of endometrial-like cancer of the ovary and 39 of mesonephroma ovarii indicates that endometrial-like cancers of the ovary do not seem to be as aggressive in their effects upon their hosts as do the serous and mucinous papillary ovarian tumors. But metastasis seems to occur late. The disease responds well to combined surgical and radiation therapy. Our findings show that independent primary ovarian and endometrial adenoacanthomas can occur. The group of 39 cases of mesonephroma of the ovary included hypernephroid tumors described by Saphir and Lackner8 as well as Schiller's7 mesonephroma, and also lesions with admixtures of epithelial-like and clear cells. This broadened scope was based on current embryologic principles. No typical symptom complex was found. The treatment of choice for the mesonephroma is similar to that for other ovarian malignancies: complete removal of the internal organs of reproduction and—according to circumstances—postoperative external radiation therapy. The survival of 21 of 39 patients for 5 years correlated closely with both stage and grade of the malignancy as determined at laparotomy.
INTRODUCTION TO THE FIRST ISSUE Why We Need a Journal with the Title Evolutionary Studies in Imaginative Culture

"The greatest enterprise of the mind has always been and always will be the attempted linkage of the sciences and humanities. The ongoing fragmentation of knowledge and resulting chaos in philosophy are not reflections of the real world but artifacts of scholarship. . . . Consilience is the key to unification. . . . Its surest test will be its effectiveness in the social sciences and humanities. The strongest appeal of consilience is in the prospect of intellectual adventure and, given even modest success, the value of understanding the human condition with a higher degree of certainty." —Edward O. Wilson, Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge (1998, 8–9) "Given the recent convergence of evolutionary psychology and human behavioral ecology-sociobiology, one might expect that the next generation of researchers will rapidly untangle all the major mysteries of human behavior and cognition. Unfortunately, I do not think that this will happen quickly. The main reason is that no branch of the evolutionary social sciences has an adequate understanding of human culture. Culture is a product of evolved cognitive mechanisms, but its existence may significantly alter behavioral patterns from those normally expected (from non-cultural organisms), and its emergence has probably uniquely shaped evolved human cognition and emotion." —Kim Hill , “Evolutionary Biology, Cognitive Adaptations, and Human Culture” (2007, 351)
Affect and Intention in Rhetoric and Poetics

Contemporary affect theory has challenged traditional assumptions about human reason. Since Plato, Western culture has seen human behavior according to a sharp Reason/Emotion binary. Reason promises a pure efficacy to determine action. Affect, in contrast, disables reason’s competence. Challenges to Plato’s binary argue that reason is not primary, in human action and thought, but secondary. Affective systems operating usually below consciousness determine in advance what comes to be claimed as “reason.” Aristotle’s attention to this question led him to develop, in place of a Reason/Emotion binary, a “phantasia/belief” alternative, one in which affect plays a role in phantasia , or the “animal, ” “emotion” side of the dyad, governed by affectively attuned non-linguistic cognition, and also a role on the “reason,” “belief,” or “human” side, where linguistically mediated beliefs shape human cognition. Reason and emotion, rather than being separate, overlap on Aristotle’s account. Moreover, his understanding of this overlap can be seen in his analysis of narrative production in the Poetics and in his account of persuasive discourse in the Rhetoric .
Correction to: Beat-the-wave evacuation mapping for tsunami hazards in Seaside, Oregon, USA

Due to a procedural error in construction of Figs. 8 and 9, listed minimum speeds to beat the tsunami wave in areas of Seaside seaward of Neawanna Creek are too high. The two figures should be replaced by the new figures below.
“God is the creator of all life and the energy of this world”: German intersex Christians’ reflection on the image of God and being created in God’s image

ABSTRACTIntersex individuals are often told they are not human beings because they do not neatly fit into the categories of “female” and “male.” Many are made to feel like monsters. Christianity en...
Effects of a mask rim leak on AC airflow measurement

Studies in airflow during speech production typically use a pneumotachographic mask system to measure expired airflows. Accurate measures of airflow using the Glottal Enterprises MSIF-2 aerodynamic system require a complete seal of the mask rim to the face. Literature frequently cites mask rim leaks as causing flow measure inaccuracies, but quantitative studies of inaccuracies are needed. Prior work (May & Scherer, in press) provided a general empirical equation relating mask rim leak flow, the cross sectional area of the rim leak, and upstream airflow. The current empirical bench research extends this DC flow work to an AC flow situation as in the case of vibrato and/or tremor using 3 and 6 Hz, 2 leak areas, 50 and 200 cm3/s peak-to-peak variations, and an upstream flow of 200 cm3/s. Results: smaller leak area, higher AC frequency, and higher AC airflow extent resulted in the lowest mask rim leak airflow.Studies in airflow during speech production typically use a pneumotachographic mask system to measure expired airflows. Accurate measures of airflow using the Glottal Enterprises MSIF-2 aerodynamic system require a complete seal of the mask rim to the face. Literature frequently cites mask rim leaks as causing flow measure inaccuracies, but quantitative studies of inaccuracies are needed. Prior work (May & Scherer, in press) provided a general empirical equation relating mask rim leak flow, the cross sectional area of the rim leak, and upstream airflow. The current empirical bench research extends this DC flow work to an AC flow situation as in the case of vibrato and/or tremor using 3 and 6 Hz, 2 leak areas, 50 and 200 cm3/s peak-to-peak variations, and an upstream flow of 200 cm3/s. Results: smaller leak area, higher AC frequency, and higher AC airflow extent resulted in the lowest mask rim leak airflow.
Exit the ‘Great Man’: On James Crossley’s Jesus and the Chaos of History

In Jesus and the Chaos of History ( JCH ), James G. Crossley invites us to ‘rethink some of the ways we approach the historical Jesus.’ The result of many years of critical engagement in Jesus Research, JCH is a helpful overview of the current state of the field and a programmatic set of essays seeking to ‘redirect’ Jesus Research by finding new ways to account for the social, economic, and political factors inherent and implicit in ‘historical change.’ In this review, I would like to engage and think with four of Crossley’s proposals: (1) the concept of an ‘Earliest Palestinian Tradition’; (2) the construction of Jesus as a ‘Great Man’; (3) the Jewish Jesus’ Torah observance; and (4) Jesus’ relationship to politico-military revolution and ‘(non)violence’.
Growing Public Concern Over Pesticides in Food and Water

Public concern about pesticides in food and water has increased dramatically in the last decade. Food-safety and water-quality issues have received increased attention by consumers and interest groups. The growth of the environmental movement and Green politics have heightened public awareness and influenced policies relating to food and water quality. At the same time that the general public and public-interest groups are more concerned with pesticides in food and water, confidence in science and government regulatory processes has eroded. Thus, a number of public-interest groups are pressing for stricter government regulation of pesticides and development of alternatives to pesticides. But chemical companies, food industries, and farmers are arguing that consumers are overreacting to the dangers of pesticides and suggesting that consumers need more education about how food is grown, why pesticides are applied, and the minimal danger pesticides pose to their health and safety. This paper documents the level of public concern about pesticide use, discusses the public’s confidence in government regulatory activity, explores the relation between science and public policy, and finally raises ethical issues relating to consumer concerns and public policy.
Sensitivity of clinical BRCA1 testing compared with linkage analysis.

1506 Background: Specific clinical interventions in BRCA mutation carriers reduces the risk of breast and ovarian cancers and may improve survival; thus,identification of mutation carriers is important. The sensitivity of current BRCA mutation testing is unclear as a “gold standard” test is lacking. We assessed the BRCA1 mutation detection rate with current comprehensive clinical testing using linkage analysis as the comparator. Methods: 26 families with linkage analyses results available were included in this analysis. BRCAPRO, BOADICEA, and other risk estimation models were applied. Maximum-likelihood linkage analyses were performed to compute two-point and multipoint LOD scores using previously described BRCA1 –linked genetic markers; scores were classified as linked, not linked, or suggestive. At least one individual from each family underwent comprehensive testing. Results: Of 26 families analyzed, 9 demonstrated linkage and 4 demonstrated suggestive linkage to BRCA1. Of these 13 families, 12 were fo...
An Approach for Measurement of Passenger Comfort: Real-Time Classification based on In-Cabin and Exterior Data

The comfort level of passengers is an important factor in measuring user experience in any form of transportation, including in autonomous vehicles. One of the main factors that determines user acceptance of autonomous vehicles is the passenger's level of discomfort in a ‘control- and authority-less’ experience. In this paper, we propose an approach for formulating discomfort through ‘on-the-road’ field studies, with human driven vehicles, while the passenger provides real-time explicit feedback on discomfort via a potentiometer. While previous studies focused on the association between vehicle dynamics and passenger discomfort, we demonstrate here how we can improve the classification ability of passenger discomfort by employing a multi-dimensional model that also takes into account the external scenario (contextual information). This is achieved by processing image data (e.g. distance from nearest bicycle) recorded through an outward looking camera in addition to location/route data obtained from other sensors like GPS. As such, the focus of this paper is on classification of external information.
More evidence on the limited impact of state oral oncology parity laws.

Most states have enacted legislation cancer parity laws in order to ensure that copayments are similar for cancer drugs whether the drug is administered orally or intravenously. However, the parity laws have had a limited impact, often only lower copayment for those that already had low copayments.
Carrier reduction studies of type-II superlattice materials for very long wavelength infrared sensing

There are continuing efforts to develop type-II superlattice (SL) materials for very long wavelength infrared (VLWIR) detector applications. However, the SLs have high residual electron background doping densities that depend on SL growth conditions, which lead to shorter minority carrier lifetime and lower performance parameters than theoretically predicted. In this study, the authors compare the technical advantages of using InAs/GaInSb over InAs/GaSb SL with respect to reducing the electron doping levels. Our temperature-dependent electrical transport measurements show that the InAs/GaInSb SL design has a lower electron density than the InAs/GaSb SL with the same bandgap and have electron densities (mobilities) on the order of the mid 1011 cm−2 (25 000 cm2/V s). Since small period InAs/GaInSb SLs also produce greater Auger recombination suppression for a given VLWIR gap than the large period InAs/GaSb SL, the InAs/GaInSb SL appears to be a better candidate for long lifetime IR materials for future very long wavelength infrared devices.
Estimating the cost of quality of errors in the analytical phase.

Abstract Background Cost of quality (COQ) can be defined as the difference between the current cost of providing laboratory services and the cost that would be incurred if there were no errors in the measurement process. Errors due to analytical imprecision and bias are not traditionally included in COQ. The objective of this study was to develop methods to estimate the COQ due to errors in the analytical phase. Methods We consider 2 types of error events: errors in patient results and run failures due to violation of a quality control (QC) rule. We provide a general and a simplified model for estimating the cost of analytical errors in patient results and a separate model for estimating costs due to QC failures. Results An example calculation is provided. The COQ for 12 mass spectrometry assays using the simplified cost model for estimating analytical errors and the cost model for run failures is presented. Conclusions The models provide a way to estimate COQ associated with analytical error, which have not been previously incorporated into clinical laboratory standards or published literature. Estimating COQ and using those data to prioritize improvement efforts can be challenging for laboratories but are important for value-driven patient care.
Antibiotic Treatments and Patient Outcomes in Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Objective This study aimed to examine the impact of different antibiotic treatments on necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) outcomes. Study Design Patient outcomes, including total parenteral nutrition and hospitalization durations, abdominal surgeries, intestinal strictures, and mortality data, were analyzed and compared by various antibiotic groups and treatment durations for 160 NEC patients managed at the Women and Children's Hospital of Buffalo between 2008 and 2016. Results Fourteen different antibiotics were used for NEC, most commonly ampicillin, gentamicin, and metronidazole (AGM). Medical (vs. surgical) NEC patients more likely received AGM (37 vs. 6%, p Conclusion Antibiotic use for NEC varies substantially without definite outcome differences. Particularly with medical NEC, AGM for ≤10 days had comparable outcomes to other treatments. In light of growing concern for short and longer term adverse effects with early-life antibiotic exposure, narrow-spectrum and shorter course NEC treatment may be preferred.
Strength and Efficiency Aspects of Plate Structures

Developments in design of thin-gage metal structures; compressive-strength analysis of long flat plates after elastic buckling occurs; plates have various boundary conditions along unloaded edges; test data apply to various forms of composite box-beam structures; also design of composite stiffened plate structures subject to instability; principles of minimum-weight design; efficient forms of limit-design structures.
A unit selection text-to-speech-and-singing synthesis framework from neutral speech: proof of concept

Text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis systems have been widely used in general-purpose applications based on the generation of speech. Nonetheless, there are some domains, such as storytelling or voice output aid devices, which may also require singing. To enable a corpus-based TTS system to sing, a supplementary singing database should be recorded. This solution, however, might be too costly for eventual singing needs, or even unfeasible if the original speaker is unavailable or unable to sing properly. This work introduces a unit selection-based text-to-speech-and-singing (US-TTS&S) synthesis framework, which integrates speech-to-singing (STS) conversion to enable the generation of both speech and singing from an input text and a score, respectively, using the same neutral speech corpus. The viability of the proposal is evaluated considering three vocal ranges and two tempos on a proof-of-concept implementation using a 2.6-h Spanish neutral speech corpus. The experiments show that challenging STS transformation factors are required to sing beyond the corpus vocal range and/or with notes longer than 150 ms. While score-driven US configurations allow the reduction of pitch-scale factors, time-scale factors are not reduced due to the short length of the spoken vowels. Moreover, in the MUSHRA test, text-driven and score-driven US configurations obtain similar naturalness rates of around 40 for all the analysed scenarios. Although these naturalness scores are far from those of vocaloid, the singing scores of around 60 which were obtained validate that the framework could reasonably address eventual singing needs.
Improving Learners' Comfort With Cesarean Sections Through the Use of High-Fidelity, Low-Cost Simulation.

Introduction Several studies have demonstrated effective simulation-based training for laparoscopic procedures in OB/GYN, but limited simulation curricula exist for abdominal procedures, particular...
Porphyrin-based metal-organic framework and polyvinylchloride composites for fluorescence sensing of divalent cadmium ions in water

Abstract Toxic metal contamination of Earth’s scarce fresh water sources creates a persistent necessity for the development of new materials and techniques to detect metal ions in water. Cadmium in particular is released into the environment by ubiquitous phosphate fertilizers, and chronic cadmium exposure can lead to internal organ damage and bone weakening. The present study shows that NU-902, a water stable zirconium porphyrin-based metal-organic framework (MOF), is fluorescent and undergoes a detectable change in photoluminescent emission properties in the presence of divalent cadmium ions. The MOF displays detectable fluorescence quenching in the presence of cadmium at levels of 0.3 ppb, far below concentrations deemed acceptable by most regulatory agencies, indicating its potential as a fast, reliable chemosensor for cadmium in drinking water. After establishing the fluorescent properties of the powder MOF, it was immobilized within plasticized polyvinylchloride (PVC) to create a membrane with potential for easy in field use as a sensor. The MOF-PVC composite displayed fluorescence quenching within five minutes of exposure to an aqueous cadmium solution. This study shows the potential use of a water stable porphyrin-based MOF for fast, sensitive detection of metal ion contamination in water in powder form, as well as in a polymer composite.
Longer Time Intervals from Diagnosis to Surgical Treatment in Breast Cancer: Associated Factors and Survival Impact.

Time interval (TI) from breast cancer diagnosis to definitive surgery is increasing, but the impact on outcomes is not well understood. TI longer than 30 days is associated with a greater chance of delay of chemotherapy, which may impact survival. We sought to identify factors associated with longer TI and the influence on outcome measures. Methods We examined TI for stage 0-III breast cancer patients treated between 2006 and 2015 at a university-based cancer center. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to study factors associated with TI 60 days. Kaplan-Meier plots were used to examine the effect of different TI on overall survival, disease-specific survival, and recurrence-free survival. Results 1589 patients were included with a median follow-up of 47 months. Median TI was 32 days. Median TI increased in patients from 2011 to 2015 compared with those from 2006 to 2010 (35 vs 30 days, P 30 days . There were no significant differences in overall survival, disease-specific survival, or recurrence-free survival. There was no association between TI >30 days and a subsequent delay >60 days to adjuvant chemotherapy (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.72-1.52). Conclusions TI has increased in the last five years. Patient characteristics, tumor biology, and stage do not influence TI, whereas age, mastectomy, and MRI use were all associated with longer TI. Longer TI does not appear to significantly delay adjuvant chemotherapy or influence short-term outcomes.
Oxidative Stress Mediated by Reactive Intermediates

Reactive intermediates generated from activation metabolism are associated with inflammation and carcinogenesis. Oxidative stress occurs as the productions of reactive oxygen species, free radicals, or other reactive intermediates are not balanced by the capability of body’s defense systems. Oxidative stress-mediated cellular damages play a crucial role in the pathogenesis processes that can attribute to cardiovascular disorder, neurodegeneration, pulmonary injury, and cancers. An elevated level of chemically reactive intermediates requires an overwhelming response from detoxification enzymes and endogenous antioxidants. An imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants is the underlying basis of oxidative stress.
Association of Both High and Low Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction With Increased Risk After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Background While reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is a known risk factor for complications after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), the relevance of higher LVEF values has not been established. Currently, most risk stratification tools consider LVEF values above a certain point as normal. However, since this does not account for insufficient ventricular filling or increased adrenergic tone, higher values may have clinical significance. To improve our understanding of this situation, we investigated the relationship of preoperative LVEF values with short- and long-term outcomes after CABG using a strategy that allowed for the identification of nonlinear relationships. We hypothesised that both higher and lower values are independently associated with increased postoperative complications and death in this population. Methods We performed a single-centre retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing isolated CABG surgery. All patients had a preoperative measurement of their LVEF. Surgery involving mitral valve repair was excluded in order to eliminate the impact of mitral regurgitation. The primary outcome was long-term mortality; secondary outcomes included atrial fibrillation, operative mortality, and a composite outcome including any postoperative adverse event. Fractional polynomial equations were used to model the relationship between LVEF and outcomes so we could account for nonlinear relationships if present. Adjustments for confounders were made using multivariable logistic regression and Cox models. Results A total of 7,932 subjects were included in the study. After adjusting for patient and surgical characteristics, LVEF remained associated with the primary outcome as well as the composite outcome of any postoperative adverse event. Both these relationships were best described by a J-shaped curve given that higher LVEF values were associated with increased risk, albeit not as high has lower values. Regarding long-term mortality, individuals with a preoperative LVEF of 60% demonstrated the longest survival. A statistically significant relationship was not found between LVEF and operative mortality or atrial fibrillation after adjustment for confounders. Conclusions Higher preoperative LVEF values may be associated with increased risk for patients undergoing CABG surgery. Future studies are needed to better characterise this phenotype.
The Estimation of Consumer Surplus Benefits from a City Owned Multipurpose Coliseum Complex

Coliseums can create consumer surplus benefits by providing types of entertainment to local residents that would otherwise not be available to them. This paper estimates consumer surplus for a major city owned entertainment/convention facility, the Greensboro Coliseum Complex (GCC). A novel aspect of this paper is that it estimates the distribution of consumer surplus across households of different income levels, as well as aggregate consumer surplus. It is estimated that aggregate consumer surplus from the GCC in 1999 exceeded the public subsidy for this complex, but a disproportionate amount of the consumer surplus benefits go to higher income households.
Investigating the prevalence and risk of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy among cancer patients.

12078Background: Neuropathy is a common side effect of some chemotherapies. Clinical and other factors may confer neuropathy risk, but rates and risk factors across neuropathy-causing chemotherapie...
Investigating the Impact of Computing vs Pedagogy Experience in Novices Creation of Computing-Infused Curricula

We compare subject area block-based programming lessons made by two participant groups new to creating K-12 computing curricula. The first group consists of 29 high school interns with prior programming experience but not formal pedagogical training. The second group consists of 86 teachers who attended an infusing computing professional development, with formal pedagogical training but no background in programming. We examine a total of 113 lessons for their use of scaffolding, teacher accessibility, equity, and computing and subject area content. Our analysis extends prior work showing novice-student creator strength in conveying content knowledge and difficulty in incorporating equity into coding lessons. Compared to lessons created by the teacher group (less coding, more pedagogical experience), our results show that teachers also struggle with including equitable practices and opportunity for culturally responsive and identify affirming activities. However, they were much stronger in including assessment focused items. Furthermore, teachers were able to provide adequate support for coding and content knowledge. Our exploration of scaffolding included in these lessons shows that scaffolding included differs by creator and that projects involving worked examples were more often correlated to more evidence of equitable practices. Through this research, we gain insight into what additional knowledge and training are needed to help creators make higher quality and more accessible computing lessons for non-computer science courses.
Intestinal Autotransplantation and In-Situ Resection of Recurrent Pancreatic Head Intraductal Tubulopapillary Neoplasm with Portal Cavernoma: A Case Report.

ABSTRACT Background Intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm (ITPN) is a new entity of a rare premalignant pancreatic neoplasia, and a radical curative resection is indicated. As with other tumors of the root of the mesentery, the proximity of the lesion to large splanchnic vessels, abdominal aorta, and inferior vena cava poses major risks of a massive hemorrhage and visceral ischemia using conventional surgical techniques. At times, these lesions are amenable for resection using novel techniques developed from organ transplantation. Multivisceral (allo-) transplantation should be considered when radical resection of a benign tumor is likely to compromise portal flow and possibly precipitate acute liver failure, but it may be associated with a long waitlist time and tumor progression. Autotransplantation offers a safe and curative resection of otherwise inoperable tumors in a bloodless field, an excellent exposure, and prevention of warm ischemic injury to the affected viscera, which are then autotransplanted. Methods We describe the en bloc resection of a large and recurrent ITPN of the pancreas, distal stomach, proximal duodenum, transverse colon, superior mesenteric vein, and portal cavernoma, followed by intestinal autotransplantation. Results A complete tumor resection was achieved with negative margins, adequate cold preservation of the reimplanted intestine, and without significant hemorrhage. The patient was discharged from the hospital 10 days later. The histopathologic examination revealed free-margin resection of ITPN with an associated invasive carcinoma. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy with folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin and remains disease-free 20 months after surgery. Conclusions Autotransplantation offers curative resection of otherwise unresectable lesions of the root of the mesentery.
Strategic Management: Value Creation, Sustainability and Performance, 4th Edition

This revised and updated 4th edition establishes a critical foundation of strategic management theory and frameworks. But it also has a very applied approach, providing practical guidance on putting frameworks to use. Developed exclusively in the digital environment and not tied to print production leadtimes or assets, the 4th edition illustrates strategy using the most up-to-date examples from companies and industries. For faculty concerned over escalating textbook prices from legacy publishers, it also means it is competitively priced direct-to-students.
A new one-site coarse-grained model for water: Bottom-up many-body projected water (BUMPer). I. General theory and model

Water is undoubtedly one of the most important molecules for a variety of chemical and physical systems, and constructing precise yet effective coarse-grained (CG) water models has been a high priority for computer simulations. To recapitulate important local correlations in the CG water model, explicit higher-order interactions are often included. However, the advantages of coarse-graining may then be offset by the larger computational cost in the model parameterization and simulation execution. To leverage both the computational efficiency of the CG simulation and the inclusion of higher-order interactions, we propose a new statistical mechanical theory that effectively projects many-body interactions onto pairwise basis sets. The many-body projection theory presented in this work shares similar physics from liquid state theory, providing an efficient approach to account for higher-order interactions within the reduced model. We apply this theory to project the widely used Stillinger-Weber three-body interaction onto a pairwise (two-body) interaction for water. Based on the projected interaction with the correct long-range behavior, we denote the new CG water model as the Bottom-Up Many-Body Projected Water (BUMPer) model, where the resultant CG interaction corresponds to a prior model, the iteratively force-matched model. Unlike other pairwise CG models, BUMPer provides high-fidelity recapitulation of pair correlation functions and three-body distributions, as well as N-body correlation functions. BUMPer extensively improves upon the existing bottom-up CG water models by extending the accuracy and applicability of such models while maintaining a reduced computational cost.
An Unplanned Extubation Bundle in a Pediatric Cardiac Center to Reduce Unplanned Extubations

Background: Unplanned extubations (UE) affect respiratory gas exchange, length of stay (LOS), and ventilator days (VD) unfavorably. UEs in children contribute to consequential morbidity and mortality, with an arbitrary benchmark target of less than 1 UE per 100 VD. Age, gender, increased salivary secretions, intubation duration, nursing attentiveness, endotracheal tube fixation method, and sedation are all contributing factors referenced in the literature. After reviewing our practices in 2018 with a rising UE rate of 0.20/100 VD and in 2019 with a UE rate of 0.22/100 VD, we created a multidisciplinary team to reduce UE in the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU). We focused our efforts on standardizing a process for preventing UE in the CICU using a UE prevention bundle that included multidisciplinary elements. A secondary target was to maintain the decrease in UE rates through continuous improvement processes. Methods: In an IRB approved retrospective analysis, data was analyzed from 1/1/2018 to 4/30/2021 for number of UEs per 100 VD. After review in 11/2019, a UE bundle was implemented in 2/1/2020. We placed emphasis on patients ≤ 5 kg, as their UE rate was higher than the unit average (0.44/100 VD). An identification system for high-risk patients was created and included patients with oral endotracheal tubes, Results: UE rate from 2018 and 2019 was compared to 2020 and 2021 (Table 1). The UE rate for 2018 and 2019 was 0.21/100 VD. In 2020, the CICU UE rate was 0.00/100 VD. The current CICU UE rate (1/1–4/30) for 2021 is 0.037/100 VD. Conclusions: By utilizing a multi-disciplinary work group and UE bundle in the CICU, UE rate decreased 82.38% (2018/2019 vs. 2020/2021). We continue to use a continuous improvement process to enhance our UE bundle to maintain a goal UE rate of 0.00/100 VD. Further studies must be done to evaluate the effectiveness of these types of interventions in other patient populations.
Natural Variants of the KPC-2 Carbapenemase have Evolved Increased Catalytic Efficiency for Ceftazidime Hydrolysis at the Cost of Enzyme Stability.

The spread of β-lactamases that hydrolyze penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenems among Gram-negative bacteria has limited options for treating bacterial infections. Initially, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2 (KPC-2) emerged as a widespread carbapenem hydrolyzing β-lactamase that also hydrolyzes penicillins and cephalosporins but not cephamycins and ceftazidime. In recent years, single and double amino acid substitution variants of KPC-2 have emerged among clinical isolates that show increased resistance to ceftazidime. Because it confers multi-drug resistance, KPC β-lactamase is a threat to public health. In this study, the evolution of KPC-2 function was determined in nine clinically isolated variants by examining the effects of the substitutions on enzyme kinetic parameters, protein stability and antibiotic resistance profile. The results indicate that the amino acid substitutions associated with KPC-2 natural variants lead to increased catalytic efficiency for ceftazidime hydrolysis and a consequent increase in ceftazidime resistance. Single substitutions lead to modest increases in catalytic activity while the double mutants exhibit significantly increased ceftazidime hydrolysis and resistance levels. The P104R, V240G and H274Y substitutions in single and double mutant combinations lead to the largest increases in ceftazidime hydrolysis and resistance. Molecular modeling suggests that the P104R and H274Y mutations could facilitate ceftazidime hydrolysis through increased hydrogen bonding interactions with the substrate while the V240G substitution may enhance backbone flexibility so that larger substrates might be accommodated in the active site. Additionally, we observed a strong correlation between gain of catalytic function for ceftazidime hydrolysis and loss of enzyme stability, which is in agreement with the ‘stability-function tradeoff’ phenomenon. The high Tm of KPC-2 (66.5°C) provides an evolutionary advantage as compared to other class A enzymes such as TEM (51.5°C) and CTX-M (51°C) in that it can acquire multiple destabilizing substitutions without losing the ability to fold into a functional enzyme.
Abstract #2342: Tumor suppression and drug response in MMTV Wnt transgenic mice harboring p53 point mutations

The MMTV Wnt transgenic mouse expresses the Wnt ligand in mammary tissue and succumbs to breast tumors with near complete penetrance. Previous studies have shown that a homozygous p53 null background could accelerate mammary tumorigenesis in the MMTV Wnt mouse, but a single null allele was unable to. While these data demonstrate a role for p53 in this breast tumor model, the majority of mutations found in human breast cancers are not null mutations, but point mutations. In this study, we have bred the MMTV Wnt mice to mice carrying the p53 R172H hotspot mutation that has gain of function activity and the p53 R172P mutation that can mediate growth arrest but not apoptosis. We found that MMTV Wnt mice heterozygous for either point mutation and mice heterozygous null did not differ in mammary tumor onset from MMTV Wnt mice in a wild type p53 background. Interestingly, though, mice carrying the p53R172H mutation had an increased rate of gross pulmonary metastases, similar to spontaneously arising sarcomas in the p53R172H background. In addition to its known role in tumor suppression, p53 can also mediate response to chemotherapy drugs. Five tumor bearing, MMTV Wnt mice in each of the p53 backgrounds were treated for 5 days with the chemotherapy agent doxorubicin, tumors were harvested 24 hours following the final treatment, and the p53 response was compared to tumors from 5 untreated mice. Mammary tumors in p53 wild type background exhibited a robust p53 response at the molecular level, with statistically significant increases in mRNA of p53 targets such as p21, Ccng1, Noxa and Puma, as well as increased levels of the marker of cellular senescence Dcr2. MMTV Wnt tumors from mice in the p53 R172P background also showed similar increases in p53 targets following doxorubicin treatment, not entirely surprising since this mutant retains some DNA binding and transactivation potential. What was not expected, however, was the response observed in MMTV Wnt tumors from mice in the p53 R172H background. This mutation in the DNA binding domain disrupts the protein structure and is thought to be a dominant negative that inactivates the wild type protein. Here we found statistically significant increases in p53 target gene mRNA levels following treatment. These data show that tumors with a mutated p53, even a DNA binding domain mutant that exhibits dominant negative activity in vitro, can still generate a robust molecular response to DNA damaging agents in vivo. Ongoing experiments are determining long term tumor response and survival following treatment. Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 2342.
Sex without Love

How do they do it, the ones who make love without love? Beautiful as dancers, they glide over each other like ice skaters over the ice, fingers hooked inside each other's bodies, faces red as steak, wine, wet as the children at birth whose mothers are going to give them away. How do they come to the come to the come to the god come to the still waters, and not love the one who came there with them, light rising slowly like steam off their joined skin? These are the true religious, the purists, the pros, the ones who will not accept a false Messiah, love the priest instead of the God. They don't mistake the lover for their own pleasure, they are like great runners ?they know it is a matter of the road surface, the cold, the wind, the fit of their shoes, their overall cardio vascular health?just factors, like the partner in the bed, and not the truth, which is the single body alone in the universe against its own best time.
Computer based harmonic simulation and testing for directional distance relay

The effect of harmonics on the operations of a directional distance relay (OHM unit only) is addressed. The testing facility consists of a computer-based three-phase harmonic source, programmable three-phase voltage and current amplifiers, and a digital-to-analog interface board. The software generates the harmonics and detects any trip action by the relay. Extensive experiments are performed in which the relays are subject to a matrix of distortion frequencies, magnitudes, and phases. The results of these experiments are discussed, and suggestions on the applications of the relay are given. >
Optimal tire force allocation for trajectory tracking with an over-actuated vehicle

As more actuators are implemented, vehicles are becoming over-actuated and obtaining more authority to control individual tire forces. This paper presents a method that utilizes this abundant actuating capability to allocate tire forces optimally with a convex optimization formulation. The basic objective of this optimal allocation is to keep the usage of total tire friction capability equal over the four wheels. Achieving this goal has the advantage of preventing some tires from reaching saturation before other tires do. This algorithm for optimal tire force allocation can be combined with trajectory tracking near the limits of handling to follow the desired speed, heading, and lateral position of a vehicle. Experimental results demonstrate the performance of the method for successful tracking of all three desired trajectory states simultaneously while achieving equal friction usage among the tires.
Neurotrophins in the dentate gyrus

Since the discovery of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the 1950s and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the 1980s, a great deal of evidence has mounted for the roles of neurotrophins (NGF; BDNF; neurotrophin-3, NT-3; and neurotrophin-4/5, NT-4/5) in development, physiology, and pathology. BDNF in particular has important roles in neural development and cell survival, as well as appearing essential to molecular mechanisms of synaptic plasticity and larger scale structural rearrangements of axons and dendrites. Basic activity-related changes in the central nervous system (CNS) are thought to depend on BDNF modulation of synaptic transmission. Pathologic levels of BDNF-dependent synaptic plasticity may contribute to conditions such as epilepsy and chronic pain sensitization, whereas application of the trophic properties of BDNF may lead to novel therapeutic options in neurodegenerative diseases and perhaps even in neuropsychiatric disorders. In this chapter, I review neurotrophin structure, signal transduction mechanisms, localization and regulation within the nervous system, and various potential roles in disease. Modulation of neurotrophin action holds significant potential for novel therapies for a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders.