cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
An Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Turbine Rotation Directions on the Wake Interference of Wind Turbines

An experimental study was conducted to investigate on the effects of the relative rotation directions of two tandwm wind turbines on the power production performance and flow characteristics in the wakes of two wind turbines in tandem. The experimental study was performed in a large-scale Aerodynamics/tmospheric Boundary Layer (AABL) Wind Tunnel located at the Aerospace Engineering Department of Iowa State University. While the oncoming Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) wind was kept in constant during the experiments, the turbine power outputs, the dynamic wind loads (i.e., aerodynamic forces) acting on the wind turbines, and the flow characteristics in the wakes the wind turbines were measured and compared quantitatively with the turbines operating in either co-rotating (i.e., the downstream wind turbine has the same rotation direction as the upstream turbine) and counter-rotating configurations (i.e., the downstream wind turbine has an opposite rotation direction in relation to the upstream wind turbine). It was found that an obvious azimuthal flow velocity component, i.e., so-called “pre-rotating” effect, would be generated in the wake flow of the upstream turbine. When the downstream turbine operates in the co-rotating configuration, due to the effects of the “pre-rotating” azimuthal flow velocity, the effective angle of attack of the oncoming ABL wind approaching to the second wind turbine would be decreased, thereby, a smaller lift to drive the rotor of the downstream turbine. However, when the downstream turbine operated in the counter-rotating configuration, the “prerotating” azimuthal flow velocity would result in a greater effective angle of attack for the oncoming wind to approach the second wind turbine, thereby a larger lift to drive the rotor of the downstream turbine. As a result, the downstream wind turbine was found to be able to harvest more wind energy when it was operated in counter-rotating configuration (up to 17% more power output were achieved based according to the measurement results of the present study), compared with that in counter-rotating configuration. The benefits of the counter-rotating configuration in power production were found to decrease gradually as the distance between the two wind turbines increases.
Metoclopramide does not influence the frequency of propofol-induced spontaneous movements.

Abstract Study Objective To evaluate the effects of metoclopramide on the frequency and severity of propofol-induced movements. Design Randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial. Setting Veterans Administration Medical Center. Patients One hundred thirty-seven consenting adults scheduled to receive general anesthesia with propofol induction. Interventions Patients were randomized to receive either metoclopramide 10 mg intravenously (IV) or placebo (saline) 3 min before induction of general anesthesia. All patients received midazolam 1 to 2 mg IV, fentanyl 50 to 150 μ g IV, and lidocaine 50 to 80 mg IV before induction of anesthesia. Measurements Occurrence of spontaneous movements and severity during the observation period were recorded after propofol induction by observing movement in the hands/arms and feet/legs, as well as presence of a hiccup. The dosage of anesthetic medications administered was also recorded for each patient. Main Results No differences were noted in the frequency and severity of spontaneous movement in the patients who had received metoclopramide and placebo. However, compared with the patients who did not move, patients who experienced movements received a significantly higher dose of propofol ( P = 0.025) and a lower dose of fentanyl ( P = 0.049). Conclusions Metoclopramide does not affect the frequency of propofol-induced movements, but propofol and fentanyl doses influence the frequency of movements during propofol induction.
Vibration reduction in electric machine by magnet interlacing

A principal source of vibration in permanent magnet motors and generators is the traveling attractive forces from the rotating permanent magnets acting on the stator. This magnetic force is calculated from the flux density by finite-element methods and the Maxwell stress tensor, and the characteristics of the frequency components are investigated by means of a Fourier decomposition of the traveling magnetic force. Various parameters are investigated for their effect on this forcing function. It is concluded that the amplitudes of the driving frequencies increase as the pole separation increases. Radial magnetization produces a more uniform radial flux density along the permanent magnet, which reduces not only the torque ripple but also the amplitudes of the driving frequencies. This effect can be greatly enhanced by an interlacing of higher energy magnets and a changing of the magnetic orientation at the pole transitions. >
Implementing a Perinatal HIV Testing and Treatment Program

Childbearing Poster Presentation Purpose for the Program Perinatal transmission of HIV is the most common route of HIV transmission in children. Infection can occur late in the pregnancy, during delivery, or through breastfeeding. Nearly one in four women who are infected with HIV are unaware of their HIV status. Many cases of perinatal HIV infection involve women who were not tested early enough in pregnancy or who did not receive prevention services. This presentation describes the development of a comprehensive HIV testing and treatment program for pregnant women in a community hospital. Proposed Change Our maternal and child health department experienced a missed opportunity regarding an HIV‐positive woman, an all too frequent event nationwide. The patient came to the hospital with incomplete laboratory test results. Subsequent tests for a high‐risk patient were conducted after the infant showed signs of illness, which indicated a preliminary maternal positive‐HIV test result. Despite the test result, notes indicate the infant breastfed during the postpartum period. This event exposed gaps in the department's management of high‐risk obstetric patients. A task force was convened to develop a comprehensive HIV management plan. Working with the Department of Community Health to ensure the plan incorporated state recommendations and statutory requirements, a new interdisciplinary plan was developed, which addressed areas of inadequate maternal assessment, poor data gathering and documentation, and delayed treatment options. Implementation, Outcomes, and Evaluation A new policy, HIV Testing and Treatment, was written to address the revision of documentation and legal consent issues regarding HIV testing. To reduce procedural errors, an algorithm, Hospital Responsibilities for HIV Testing and Treatment, was developed and all department personnel attended in‐services on the algorithm. After the implementation of the policy, audits were conducted to evaluate compliance with the protocol. Initial review indicated 100% compliance with HIV documentation on the labor and delivery summary sheets. Other areas of documentation were between 75% and 90% compliance. To address areas of lower compliance, ongoing education regarding HIV testing, treatment, and documentation is currently included in the department's mandatory education program for all staff and continued audits are ongoing. Implications for Nursing Practice The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that 100 to 200 infants in the United States are infected with HIV annually. Given that the most common route of transmission in infants is through the mother, it is imperative that hospitals comply with state guidelines for testing and treatment of all pregnant women. Maternity nurses must be aware of the importance of early HIV status identification for all pregnant women and follow‐up with appropriate care for mother and infant.
Skew scheduling and clock routing for improved tolerance to process variations

The synthesis of clock network in the presence of process variation is becoming a vital design issue towards the performance of digital circuits. In this paper, we propose a clock tree design algorithm which is driven by the tolerance towards process variations. We consider tolerance to process variation in various stages of clock tree synthesis which include clock skew scheduling, abstract tree generation and layout embedding. The primary objective of this work is to minimize the maximum skew violation and a layout embedding technique specifically targeting this objective is detailed. Experimental results indicate that our proposed procedure leads to significant reduction in maximum skew violation due to process variation with negligible change in wire length.
Optimal allocation and binding in high-level synthesis

The authors present an integer linear program (ILP) formulation for the allocation and binding problem in high-level synthesis. Given a behavioral specification and a time-step schedule of operations, the formulation minimizes wiring and multiplexer areas. An ILP model for minimizing multiplexer and wiring areas has been mathematically formulated and optimally solved. The model handles chaining, multi-cycle operations, pipelined modules, conditional branches and trades off wiring area with resource area. >
Treatment of dementia in community-dwelling and institutionalized medicare beneficiaries.

OBJECTIVES: To establish nationally representative estimates of the use of agents to treat Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRDs) and related behavioral symptoms in Medicare beneficiaries and to describe medication use according to residential status and other patient characteristics. DESIGN: Cross-sectional prevalence study. SETTING: Community and various long-term care (LTC) settings. PARTICIPANTS: Twelve thousand six hundred ninety-seven beneficiaries from the 2002 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS), of whom 11,593 were community dwelling and 1,104 resided in various LTC settings. MEASUREMENTS: ADRDs were identified according to International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes in Medicare claims and self- and proxy reports. Medication use was derived from self-reports (community) and extracts of facility medication administration records (LTC). RESULTS: In 2002, an estimated 3.4 million Medicare beneficiaries were diagnosed with ADRDs (8.1%), of whom 58.9% resided in the community (prevalence rate=5.1%) and 41.1% resided in LTC facilities (prevalence rate=57.2%). Use of antidementia drugs was similar across settings, with 24.7% of subjects with dementia in the community and 26.3% of those in LTC receiving prescriptions for donepezil, galantamine, or rivastigmine. Use of haloperidol was comparable (and low) in both settings. Use of atypical antipsychotics, especially risperidone, olanzapine, and quetiapine, was much higher in LTC residents (21.0%, 11.9%, and 7.1%, respectively) than in the community (5.1%, 4.0%, and 2.3%). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ADRDs in LTC settings is much larger than in the community, but there is little difference in the proportions receiving antidementia drugs, although LTC residents are more likely to be treated with atypical antipsychotics (risperidone, olanzapine, and quetiapine), presumably for behavioral symptoms.
The role of voltage-gated potassium channels in the regulation of mouse uterine contractility

Uterine smooth muscle cells exhibit ionic currents that appear to be important in the control of uterine contractility, but how these currents might produce the changes in contractile activity seen in pregnant myometrium has not been established. There are conflicting reports concerning the role of voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels and large-conductance, calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels in the regulation of uterine contractility. In this study we provide molecular and functional evidence for a role for Kv channels in the regulation of spontaneous contractile activity in mouse myometrium, and also demonstrate a change in Kv channel regulation of contractility in pregnant mouse myometrium. Functional assays which evaluated the effects of channel blockers and various contractile agonists were accomplished by quantifying contractility of isolated uterine smooth muscle obtained from nonpregnant mice as well as mice at various stages of pregnancy. Expression of Kv channel proteins in isolated uterine smooth muscle was evaluated by Western blots. The Kv channel blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) caused contractions in nonpregnant mouse myometrium (EC50 = 54 micromolar, maximal effect at 300 micromolar) but this effect disappeared in pregnant mice; similarly, the Kv4.2/Kv4.3 blocker phrixotoxin-2 caused contractions in nonpregnant, but not pregnant, myometrium. Contractile responses to 4-AP were not dependent upon nerves, as neither tetrodotoxin nor storage of tissues at room temperature significantly altered these responses, nor were responses dependent upon the presence of the endometrium. Spontaneous contractions and contractions in response to 4-AP did not appear to be mediated by BK, as the BK channel-selective blockers iberiotoxin, verruculogen, or tetraethylammonium failed to affect either spontaneous contractions or 4-AP-elicited responses. A number of different Kv channel alpha subunit proteins were found in isolated myometrium from both nonpregnant and term-pregnant mice, and one of these proteins – Kv4.3 – was found to disappear in term-pregnant tissues. These findings suggest a role for Kv channels in the regulation of uterine contractility, and that changes in the expression and/or function of specific Kv channels may account for the functional changes seen in pregnant myometrium.
Assessment of morbidity due to Schistosoma japonicum infection in China

This paper presents a historical assessment of morbidity due to the Schistosoma japonicum infection in China. Due to the socio-economic situation, which did not allow for a control program to be implemented until the early 1950s, morbidity was serious and mortality was high before this. Based on a few investigations and published papers, it can be said that the disease caused millions of deaths, and destroyed numerous families and villages. Since the 1950s, there has been a national control program, intensive control and prevention work has been carried out, and consequently the disease is being controlled. At present, both the prevalence and the morbidity of the disease have been decreasing substantially. The morbidity of the three phases of the disease is outlined in this paper. Comparatively higher morbidity is seen in the acute and advanced phases of the disease. The four major forms of advanced schistosomiasis i.e., ascites, megalosplenia, dwarfism, and colonic tumoroid proliferation, are outlined with their characteristic clinical presentations; their proportions are different during various periods of the national control program. Ectopic schistosomiasis and the relationship between the S. japonicum infection and colorectal cancer are also discussed. Post-transmission schistosomiasis is briefly discussed (which can happen even if the disease reaches the criteria of elimination, and the infection and transmission have stopped, but yet it still develops). The problem of mammalian reservoir hosts of S. japonicum makes the epidemiology and control of schistosomiasis in China even more complicated and arduous, and the control progress in animal reservoirs is briefly presented.
The Efficacy of Utilizing the P300 as a Measure of Auditory Deprivation in Monaurally Aided Profoundly Hearing-impaired Children

Auditory event-related responses have been successfully used to differentiate the effects of auditory deprivation in laboratory animals and could provide an alternative and less subjective method of testing auditory deprivation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of using the P300 response to measure auditory deprivation in monaurally aided children with hearing impairment. Seventeen children (8 female, 9 male) aged 9 to 18 years (M = 13.1 years) participated in the study. Ten subjects with bilateral congenital severe to profound sensorineural hearing losses (M = 87 dB) were recruited from a residential school for the deaf. All had worn monaural amplification for at least 8 years. Seven children with normal hearing sensitivity were matched for age effects. A two-tone auditory oddball paradigm was utilized to elicit the P300 responses. Statistical analysis revealed that the P300 amplitude was significantly greater in the aided ear compared to the unaided ear of the hearing-impaired g...
Incurious motives to seek information about potential threats

In Study 1, 20 incurious worry reduction motive (IWRM) items were administered to 280 participants along with curiosity and worry scales. With factor analysis, two six–item scales were developed: f...
Options for Improving the Energy Efficiency of Intermodal Freight Trains

Intermodal trains are typically the fastest trains operated by North American freight railroads. Ironically, these trains tend to have the poorest aerodynamic characteristics. Because of constraints imposed by equipment design and diversity, intermodal trains incur greater aerodynamic penalties and increased fuel consumption than other trains. Improving the loading patterns of intermodal trains has the potential to improve aerodynamic characteristics and thus fuel efficiency. Train aerodynamics and resistance analyses were conducted on several alternative intermodal train-loading configurations. Matching intermodal loads with cars of an appropriate length reduces the gap length between loads and thereby improves airflow. Filling empty slots with empty containers or trailers also reduces aerodynamic resistance and improves energy efficiency, despite the additional weight penalty and consequent increase in bearing and rolling resistance. Depending on the particular train configuration, train resistance can be lowered by as much as 27% and fuel savings by 1 gal/mi per train.
On the Optimality of Spatial Attention for Object Detection

Studies on visual attention traditionally focus on its physiological and psychophysical nature [16,18,19], or its algorithmic applications [1,9,21]. We here develop a simple, formal mathematical model of the advantage of spatial attention for object detection, in which spatial attention is defined as processing a subset of the visual input, and detection is an abstraction with certain failure characteristics. We demonstrate that it is suboptimal to process the entire visual input given prior information about target locations, which in practice is almost always available in a video setting due to tracking, motion, or saliency. This argues for an attentional strategy independent of computational savings: no matter how much computational power is available, it is in principle better to dedicate it preferentially to selected portions of the scene. This suggests, anecdotally, a form of environmental pressure for the evolution of foveated photoreceptor densities in the retina. It also offers a general justification for the use of spatial attention in machine vision.
Optoelectronic packaging using silicon surface-micromachined alignment mirrors

We describe a batch-assembled optoelectronic packaging technology based on silicon surface-micromachined alignment mirrors and demonstrate that these mechanical structures have the functionality, stability and accuracy required for active semiconductor laser-to-filter (single mode) coupling. In initial experiments, we measure an open-loop position accuracy of 0.2 /spl mu/m, and we achieve repeatable 45% coupling efficiency with good mechanical stability. >
Remote Relative Wind Velocity Estimation using Airborne Doppler Radar and Spectrum Analysis

This study addresses the impacts of a three-dimensional wind field on the weather hazard sensing and the engineering tradeoffs for the remote sensing of wind fields with a single-channel airborne Doppler radar. It is shown that the radial component of relative air speed in a hazardous weather cell can be retrieved through Doppler analysis. Under the forward-looking conditions, a micro-Doppler frequency component is observed from the cross-correlation of received signals with time separations, and can be used to estimate the tangential air speeds. It is also presented that multiple parameters have a significant impact on the wind-estimation performance, including the coherent observation time (COT), turbulence, and uncorrelated random noise. Monte-Carlo simulations for airborne wind hazard estimations are performed, and the results are discussed based on 1) a single radar resolution volume with arbitrary wind-vector, and 2) realistic weather model output generated from the advanced regional prediction system (ARPS). The relative air speed estimation techniques are also verified with flight test data obtained from an X-band airborne pulsed Doppler radar.
Functional Fecal Incontinence

Involuntary and inappropriate loss of feces after the age of 4 years (fecal incontinence) is inconvenient and frustrating for the child and can have a big impact on the other family members. Fecal incontinence (FI) is a common symptom in children, prevalence numbers change with age and vary in different studies. A recent study showed a prevalence of fecal incontinence in 4.1 % in a 5- to 6-year-old age group and 1.6 % in an 11- to 12-year-old age group, with a 1.5-fold higher prevalence in boys. Over 90 % of children with FI are considered to have a functional defecation disorder, in only a minority an organic cause is found. Medical history and a thorough physical examination are essential to differentiate between functional and organic causes. Given the accompanied shame and distress, an accurate diagnostic and treatment approach is essential in children with fecal incontinence.
Face repetition detection and social interest: An ERP study in adults with and without Williams syndrome

The present study examined possible neural mechanisms underlying increased social interest in persons with Williams syndrome (WS). Visual event-related potentials (ERPs) during passive viewing were used to compare incidental memory traces for repeated vs. single presentations of previously unfamiliar social (faces) and nonsocial (houses) images in 26 adults with WS and 26 typical adults. Results indicated that participants with WS developed familiarity with the repeated faces and houses (frontal N400 response), but only typical adults evidenced the parietal old/new effect (previously associated with stimulus recollection) for the repeated faces. There was also no evidence of exceptional salience of social information in WS, as ERP markers of memory for repeated faces vs. houses were not significantly different. Thus, while persons with WS exhibit behavioral evidence of increased social interest, their processing of social information in the absence of specific instructions may be relatively superficial. The ERP evidence of face repetition detection in WS was independent of IQ and the earlier perceptual differentiation of social vs. nonsocial stimuli. Large individual differences in ERPs of participants with WS may provide valuable information for understanding the WS phenotype and have relevance for educational and treatment purposes.
Off Contract Harms: The Real Effect of Liberal Rescission Rights on Contract Price

In their recent article in The Yale Law Journal, Professors Richard R.W. Brooks and Alexander Stremitzer make the case for a liberal allowance of rescission and restitution — an “off the contract” remedy that allows a party to a contract to rescind following breach by a counterparty and to receive back the contract price. This Essay argues that Brooks and Stremitzer’s recommendations are based on an incomplete analysis of the effects of rescission rights on the marketplace and are ultimately misplaced.
High expression of myoferlin is associated with poor outcome in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients and is inversely associated with HPV-status

// Bhavna Kumar 1, 2 , Nicole V. Brown 3 , Benjamin J. Swanson 4 , Alessandra C. Schmitt 4, 5 , Matthew Old 1, 2 , Enver Ozer 1, 2 , Amit Agrawal 1, 2 , David E. Schuller 1, 2 , Theodoros N. Teknos 1, 2 , Pawan Kumar 1, 2 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA 2 Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA 3 Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA 4 Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA 5 Current affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA Correspondence to: Pawan Kumar, e-mail: Pawan.Kumar@osumc.edu Keywords: myoferlin, OPSCC, HPV, IL-6, nanog Received: December 22, 2015 Accepted: February 11, 2016 Published: February 23, 2016 ABSTRACT Myoferlin (MYOF) is a member of ferlin family of membrane proteins that was originally discovered as a muscle specific protein. Recent studies have shown that myoferlin is also expressed in other cell types including endothelial cells and cancer cells. However, very little is known about the expression and biological role of myoferlin in head and neck cancer. In this study, we examined expression profile of myoferlin in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and assessed its correlation with disease progression and patient outcome. In univariate analyses, nuclear MYOF was associated with poor overall survival (p<0.001) and these patients had 5.5 times increased hazard of death (95% Cl 3.4-8.8). Nuclear myoferlin expression was also directly associated with tumor recurrence (p<0.001), perineural invasion (p=0.008), extracapsular spread (p=0.009), higher T-stage (p=0.0015) and distant metastasis (p<0.001). In addition, nuclear MYOF expression was directly associated with IL-6 (p<0.001) and inversely with HPV status (p=0.0014). In a subgroup survival analysis, MYOF nuclear+/IL-6+ group had worst survival (84.6% mortality), whereas MYOF nuclear-/IL-6- had the best survival. Similarly, patients with HPV-negative/MYOF-positive tumors had worse survival compared to HPV-positive/MYOF-negative. Taken together, our results demonstrate for the first time that nuclear myoferlin expression independently predicts poor clinical outcome in OPSCC patients.
Saline Solutions for Maintaining the Isolated Heart of the House Fly, Musca domestica L.

The pH of the hemolymph of larval, pupal, and adult house Hies was determined electrometrically and found to lie 6.78, d.()4 and 6.17, respectively. Osmotic pressures, obtained by a micro-freezing point method, were 6.68, 7.75 and 9.36 atmospheres, respectively. The concentrations of sodium, potassium, and calcium ions were measured spectrophotometrically. Values for sodium in larval, pupal, and adult hemolymph were 57.6, 61.9, and 43.4 milliequivalents per liter, respectively. Corresponding values for potassium were 4.8, 25.4, and 5.4; and for calcium 7.0, 5.3, and 5.8, respectively. Sodium was found to be the least toxic, followed by calcium and then potassium for the isolated hearts of all stages. The most favorable Xa/K ion ratios for maintaining larval, pupal, and adult hearts were 7.1, 30, and 30, respectively. Corresponding K/Ca ion ratios were 1.3, 4.0, and 1.8. Pupal hearts required a higher osmotic pressure than that of the hemolymph. Suitable solutions for maintaining the heats of the larval heart for 24 hours contain 8.54 g. NaCl, 0.36 g. KC1, and 0.39 g. CaCl2 per liter. Corresponding values for the heart of the pupa are 12.84, 0.33, and 0.12; and for the heart of the adult, 14.52, 0.30, and 0.29, respectively. Pupal and adult hearts require 2.5 g. dextrose and 25 ml. 0.04 M phosphate buffer at pH 7.0 per liter.
Numerical Prediction of Roll Damping and Magnus Dynamic Derivatives for Finned Projectiles at Angle of Attack

The roll damping and Magnus dynamic derivatives, as well as total aerodynamic coefficients, were numerically predicted for two basic fin-stabilized projectiles at a supersonic Mach number of 2.49 for angles of attack ranging from -5 to 90 degrees. The aerodynamic coefficients were computed via time-accurate Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes numerical methods, and were compared with archival wind tunnel data. Fair to excellent comparisons with experiment were obtained for the total and dynamic coefficients for the full angle of attack range, except for axial force which was overpredicted. Numerical modeling parameter studies were conducted to include dependence on spin rate, grid resolution, temporal resolution and other numerical convergence parameters.
Selective Sharing and the Polarization of Information on Social Networks

Online social networks are well known to be politically polarized; regardless of how you map online users – by friends, followers, re-posts or messages – ideologues tend to cluster with co-ideologues. These ideologically polarized networks are likewise believed to be polarized in the information they share – that is, distinct sets of information circulate among different ideological subnetworks. What is not fully understood, however, are the mechanisms that lead to polarized information. Polarization of political information on social networks could, theoretically, be a function purely of “selective exposure;” if users predominantly chose to “follow” or “friend” co-partisans we would expect to likewise see political polarization of information. It is possible, however, that “selectively sharing” – the choices individuals make on what information to forward (re-post, retweet, etc) to their friends – would also influence the degree of polarization, particularly if users share more information that comes from fellow ideologues. This project examines the presence and impact of “selective sharing” in two ways. First, using mathematical and agent based models, I examine the potential magnitude of selective sharing’s effect on information polarization in infinite and complex networks. I also take a preliminary dip into Twitter data to see whether subsequent waves of tweets lead to more or less concentration in one ideological group. The models and brief data foray present contrasting results. Simulating the flow of information in complex networks and likewise computing equilibria distributions of information in infinite networks both indicate that selective sharing results in diminished levels of polarization than would be expected with selective exposure operating on its own. In observing waves of retweets from @FoxNews and @nprnews, however, we see that as tweets get retweeted polarization is either amplified or remains unchanged. The paper ends with a discussion of potential features of social networks – other than selective sharing – that may lead to the observed amplified polarization of information.
Botulinum Toxin Injection Techniques: Minimizing Bruising and Discomfort

The goal of botulinum toxin injection is to deliver an appropriate intramuscular drug dose while minimizing bruising and pain. Ecchymosis is easily visible in the thin skin when it arises from the orbicularis oculi muscle.
Clinical Validation of a Next-Generation Sequencing Genomic Oncology Panel via Cross-Platform Benchmarking against Established Amplicon Sequencing Assays

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) genomic oncology profiling assays have emerged as key drivers of personalized cancer care and translational research. However, validation of these assays to meet strict clinical standards has been historically problematic because of both significant assay complexity and a scarcity of optimal validation samples. Herein, we present the clinical validation of 76 genes from a novel 1212-gene large-scale hybrid capture cancer sequencing assay (University of Chicago Medicine OncoPlus) using full-data comparisons against multiple clinical NGS amplicon-based assays to yield dramatic increases in per-sample data comparison efficiency compared with previously published validations. Using a sample set of 104 normal, solid tumor, and hematopoietic malignancy specimens, head-to-head NGS data analyses allowed for 6.8 million individual clinical base call comparisons, including 2729 previously confirmed variants, with 100% sensitivity and specificity. University of Chicago Medicine OncoPlus showed excellent performance for detection of single-nucleotide variants, insertions/deletions up to 52 bp, and FLT3 internal tandem duplications of up to 102 bp or larger. Highly concordant copy number variant and ALK/RET/ROS1 gene fusion detection were also observed. In addition to underlining the efficiency of NGS validation via full-data benchmarking against existing clinical NGS assays, this study also highlights the degree of performance similarity between hybrid capture and amplicon assays that is attainable with the application of strict quality control parameters and optimized computational analytics.
Assessing and Treating Asian Americans: Recent Advances

Publisher Summary This chapter provides a selective, up-to-date review of relevant resources on Asian American mental health. It presents the salient issues in understanding the phenomenology of distress among Asian Americans, highlighting the latest research findings and pointing to some useful resources. Then, some key concepts that serve as necessary background knowledge are delineated, followed by guidelines for assessment and treatment. Because of the relative paucity of research on the use of standard tools of personality and cognitive assessment with Asian Americans, the present guidelines do not focuses on specific instruments but on strategies for conducting cultural assessment of Asian American clients. There exists an enormous diversity within the Asian American population with respect to nationality, language, and generational status. Accordingly, there is no one clinical approach that works for all, or even most, Asian Americans. In the process of educating oneself regarding the diverse demography of Asian Americans, the clinician may begin to wonder if it makes sense to continue discussing Asian Americans as one entity. Although one inevitably runs the risk of overgeneralizing and thus stereotyping the clinical picture of Asian Americans by discussing them in a general terms, there are two good reasons for doing so: there are common experiences of being a visible racial minority shared by many Asian Americans, which are potential sources of stress and distress, and there are common cultural characteristics, which influences the expression of distress among Asian Americans.
Modeling and analysis of simultaneous information and energy transfer in Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) will allow unprecedented connectivity among devices and is predicted to make our world smarter. However, due to battery constraints, energy efficiency of IoT with numerous smart devices is a key challenge. Simultaneous information and energy transfer (SIET) is a promising method to provide green energy for energy-constrained wireless networks. This paper, for the first time, investigates the modeling and analysis of SIET in a network where IoT nodes are powered via IoT gateways. Specifically, a Ginibre point process that captures the repulsion between spatially distributed nodes is used to model the IoT gateway network. The goal of our work is to uncover a strategy to balance the trade-off between power outage probability and transmission outage probability by a careful design of the power split ratio of SIET. To achieve that, we derive closed-form expressions for these 2 probabilities in IoT for a practical case. The simulation results verify our theoretical results and illustrate the effects of different network parameters (eg, transmit power and density of gateways and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio threshold) on SIET.
Theory of Series

Fourier series and general ‘Orthogonal function expansions’ are important in the study of heat flow and wave propagation as well as in pure mathematics. The reason that these series are important is that sines and cosines satisfy the ‘heat equation’ or ‘wave equation’ or ‘Laplace's equation’ for certain geometries of the domain. A general solution of these partial differential equations can sometimes be approximated by a series of the simple solutions by using superposition. We begin the background on series with this topic, because Fourier series provide many interesting examples of delicately converging series.
Treating Localized Pancreatic Cancer: When and How?

Surgical resection offers the only potential cure for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Unfortunately, while perioperative outcomes have improved dramatically in recent years, few patients present with tumors that are amenable to resection, and even after resection of apparently localized disease, long-term survival is poor.
Academic Family Tree of Hector-Neri Castañeda

The following “academic family tree”, listing Hector-Neri Castaneda’s Ph.D. students, their students (i.e., Castaneda’s “grandstudents”), etc., is, no doubt, an incomplete and inaccurate list. Anyone reading this document is encouraged to send corrections and/or additional information to the compiler.
Clinical endophenotypes for bipolar disorder.

Although twin, family, and adoption studies demonstrate that bipolar disorder (BPD) is substantially heritable, the molecular genetic basis for this illness remains elusive. Given evidence that genes predisposing to BPD may be transmitted without expression of the clinical phenotype, interest has arisen in developing endophenotypes – indicators of processes mediating between genotype and phenotype. Patients with BPD have subtle neuropsychological abnormalities, even during periods of symptom remission. Some of these neurocognitive deficits are present in unaffected family members of probands with BPD, suggesting that these measures may be quantitative endophenotypes for the disorder. Similarly, BPD is associated with specific personality traits (e.g., reduced inhibition, increased risk-taking) that have been observed in both affected individuals and their family members. In this chapter, we review the evidence for candidate neurocognitive and personality endophenotypes for BPD. We conclude that neurocognitive and personality traits appear to be appropriate endophenotypes for BPD, suggesting that these measures share some genetic factors with the illness.
Deliberative Pedagogy in the Community: Connecting Deliberative Dialogue, Community Engagement, and Democratic Education

This essay offer insights into civic education programs and practices which attempt to bridge pedagogical divides by offering an approach to deliberative dialogue that goes beyond the classroom and into the community. This more collaborative model draws upon historical and contemporary examples of what I have termed “deliberative education in the community,” and offers the promise of a different kind of politics, model of engagement, and style of education in higher education. The essay concludes with a call for a more collaborative approach to engaged teaching and learning.
Abstract 1719: Superior efficacy of neoadjuvant compared to adjuvant immune checkpoint blockade in non-small cell lung cancer

Introduction: Blockade of immune checkpoints has improved clinical outcomes for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its role in the perioperative setting for early-stage disease is unclear. We generated preclinical models of resectable NSCLC expressing an antigen that permits quantitative assessment of the immune response and compared survival, tumor recurrence, and immune response after neoadjuvant or adjuvant immunotherapy. Experimental Procedures: We transfected murine 344SQ NSCLC cells with an ovalbumin-expression plasmid to generate OVA+ cells that can be identified with an antibody against the peptide SIINFEKL bound to H-2Kb of MHC-I. We implanted 344SQ-OVA+ cells in the flank of syngeneic mice and then randomized mice with established tumors to either 3 doses of neoadjuvant IgG, anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1+anti-CTLA-4, or to observation. Primary tumors were resected in all mice 2 days after mice in the neoadjuvant group had received their last dose of therapy. Two days post-surgery, mice in the observation group were treated with 3 doses of adjuvant IgG, anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1+anti-CTLA-4. Mice were euthanized 4 weeks after injection or when moribund and their survival recorded and lung metastases counted. We determined the composition of CD3+CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) with flow cytometry using tetramers against SIINFEKL-specific T cell receptors and immunohistochemical staining of tumors. Results: Single agent and combined immunotherapy significantly prolonged survival compared to controls in both neoadjuvant and adjuvant groups (p Conclusions: Neoadjuvant combined immune checkpoint blockade is superior to adjuvant immunotherapy at prolonging survival, reducing distal recurrence and inducing anti-tumor immunity in preclinical models of resectable NSCLC. Citation Format: Tina Cascone, Haifa Hamdi, Fahao Zhang, Alissa Poteete, Lerong Li, Courtney W. Hudgens, Leila J. Williams, Qiuyu Wu, Jayanthi Gudikote, Weiyi Peng, Patrick Hwu, Jing Wang, Michael Tetzlaff, William N. William, John V. Heymach. Superior efficacy of neoadjuvant compared to adjuvant immune checkpoint blockade in non-small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1719.
Lower Extremity Arterial Reconstruction in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Principles of Treatment

In patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), optimizing the chances for successful revascularization requires careful consideration of several preoperative factors. PAD should be appropriately staged and any concurrent foot infection should be managed to obtain source control. Evaluation of fitness for revascularization can be assessed in a number of ways, focusing on frailty, cardiac disease, and renal insufficiency. Preoperative imaging may include CTA or MRA; however, diagnostic angiography is the most detailed, and is therefore essential in determining whether a patient is appropriate for any revascularization attempt. Angiography also guides the choice between open or endovascular approaches. The presence of an adequate autologous bypass conduit, determined by preoperative vein mapping, is also important in deciding which revascularization technique to pursue initially.
Using the DRyIron™ process to produce value-added iron units

World demand for metallized iron continues to increase, keeping pace with steelmaking requirements for lower-cost hot metal. Virgin iron ore and in-plant oxide fines can be reduced to direct reduced iron (DRI) and hot-briquetted iron (HBI). Maumee Research & Engineering Inc. (MR&E) developed an improved coal-based process for the cost-effective production of either DRI or HBI. Starting with dry compaction, the process combines the latest technology for material preparation, rotary hearth furnace construction and environmental control. Coarse iron ore fines are blended with pulverized nonmetallurgical coal to produce a highly metallized (>90%) product. This paper presents production and installation cost data based on operating and under-construction iron oxide reduction facilities.
Mesothelin expression as a predictive biomarker of breast cancer outcomes.

11119 Background: Mesothelin, previously-shown to be expressed in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumors, is a potential therapeutic target and prognostic marker in breast cancer. Methods: We ...
A deep learning approach for diagnosing schizophrenic patients

In this article, the investigators present a new method using a deep learning approach to diagnose schizophrenia. In the experiment presented, the investigators used a secondary dataset provided by...
On construction of constant block-sum partially balanced incomplete block designs

Constant block-sum designs are of interest in repeated measures experimentation where the treatments levels are quantitative and it is desired that at the end of the experiments, all units have bee...
High Efficiency non-toxic CuSbS 2 -based Heterojunction Solar Cell with TiO 2 Electron Transport Layer

We report on the design and photovoltaic characteristics of a thin-film solar cell using non-toxic CuSbS 2 photoabsorber. The optimized device had a structure of Mo/p-CuSbS 2 /n-TiO 2 /ZnO:Al/ITO. Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS-1D) was used for all simulations in this study. The champion device exhibited a high open-circuit voltage (V oc ) of 1.07 V, a short-circuit current density (J sc ) of 29.93 mA/cm2, a fill factor (FF) of 87.7% leading to an efficiency of 28.06% with 3 μm thick absorber layer. Our results clearly indicate the high potential of p-type CuSbS 2 as an alternative photoabsorber material for thin film heterojunction solar cells.
Fantasy sports' outcomes as controversial issues from a gender perspective

The purpose of this paper is to explore and test certain assumptions concerning the fantasy sports industry as an enabler for quick, accurate, and descriptive information to its fan from a gender perspective. However, there are distinct disadvantages that seriously active user may have on sports fantasy gambling addiction and excessive wagering may have on society in general and this study should help provide a base line for future studies. It was found that those male professionals who were intensely engaged fantasy sports respondents and who spent considerable amount of money on fantasy leagues, found fantasy guides, expert opinions, and related information helpful in changing rosters, and were intensive users of mobile technology for personal use were significant and negatively related to the dependent variables, with significant gender differences. Such respondents did not perceive there was a global concern for fantasy gambling activities, although a considerable portion of the sample felt otherwise.
Off-Hour ECLS Initiation Does Not Influence Mortality in Adults

Purpose Time of day, day of the week, and holidays have been shown to affect patient outcomes in some clinical contexts. The purpose of this study was to assess a relationship between mortality following extracorporeal life support (ECLS) initiation Methods A retrospective review of patients requiring ECLS for any indication between July 2013 and December 2017 at our tertiary referral center was conducted. Offhour times included nights (ECLS initiation between 19:01 and 06:59 hours), holidays (United States Federal holidays and weekends) or weekends alone. Regular working hours encompass all other times. Additionally, the influence of time of year by month was also investigated. Mortality was defined as death on ECLS and all-cause mortality 30 days after decannulation. Chi-square test for categorical variables was used to compare the groups Results 407 patients underwent 415 ECLS events during the study period. There were no significant differences in mortality when ECLS was initiated during offhour periods as compared to regular working hours. Sixty nine patients (45.1%) who were started on ECLS support at night died, as compared to 118 (45.0%) during daytime hours (p=0.49). Fifty patients (45.5%) in whom ECLS was commenced during a holiday died, as compared to 137 (44.9%) during nonholidays (p=0.46). Forty-five patients (45.5%) who were initiated on ECLS support during a weekend died, compared to 142 (44.9%) who were cannulated during a weekday (p=0.46). The month of the year also did not influence mortality (p=0.27) Conclusion No significant differences in mortality were observed among patients in whom ECLS support was initiated during off-hours compared to regular working hours, nor was it influenced by month of year. Our results support the notion that year-round availability of ECLS trained staff may guard against mortality during off-hours events