cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Keyword Search on Large-Scale Structured, Semi-Structured, and Unstructured Data

As our world is now in its information era, huge amounts of structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data are accumulated everyday. A real universal challenge nowadays is to retrieve interesting and meaningful information from these large collections of data with the purpose of capturing users’ information needs. Keyword search is a type of search that looks for matching objects which contain one or more keywords specified by a user. Keyword search provides a simple but relatively powerful solution for millions of users to search information from large-scale data. Due to the high demands of managing and processing large collections of structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data in various emerging applications, keyword search has become an important technique. In the past decade, many efficient and effective techniques for keyword search have been developed. In this chapter, we survey several representative techniques in the literature. These techniques have several desirable characteristics which are very useful in different application scenarios.
Oral Antiplatelet Therapy for Secondary Prevention of Acute Coronary Syndrome

Patients surviving an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remain at increased risk of ischemic events long term. This paper reviews current evidence and guidelines for oral antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention following ACS, with respect to decreased risk of ischemic events versus bleeding risk according to individual patient characteristics and risk factors. Specifically, data are reviewed from clinical studies of clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor and vorapaxar, as well as the results of systematic reviews and meta-analyses looking at the benefits and risks of oral antiplatelet therapy, and the relative merits of shorter versus longer duration of dual antiplatelet therapy, in different patient groups.
Preparing Workers and Students for the New Workplace

Research has provided us with a good deal of information about literacy demands in the workplace. Researchers (Sticht, 1982; Mikulecky, 1982) have consistently found the vast majority of prose material (i.e., memos, manuals, trouble-shooting directions, new product information) in the workplace to be of high school to college level difficulty. These high school to college difficulty levels are comparable to the difficulty levels of most newspapers and magazines (Wheat, Lindberg, and Nauman, 1977). The number of workers being called upon to use print materials is also being influenced by technological and organizational changes in the workplace. As workplaces restructure to become more productive, workers in many manufacturing and service occupations are being called upon to monitor quality by gathering information from charts, graphs, and computer screens, taking measurements, calculating averages, graphing information, entering information onto various forms, and writing brief shift reports indicating problems and attempted solutions. Others must gather information from print to effectively participate in quality assurance groups and to play active roles in improving productivity (Chisman, 1992; Faison et al., 1992).
Improving peace and well-being among Syrian refugee youth through a higher education initiative in Jordan.

Forced migration affects overall health, especially when it happens at a young age. Focus group discussions and the Peace Evaluation Across Cultures and Environments (PEACE) survey were used to com...
The Role of Pharmacogenomics in Diabetes

Abstract Diabetes mellitus has emerged as a major public health epidemic in the 21st century. Type 2 diabetes is the most prevalent form of diabetes in adults, accounting for 90%–95% of cases worldwide. A large pharmacologic treatment arsenal exists for diabetes, but it is difficult to predict which patients will derive the best efficacy or be predisposed to toxicity for a given antidiabetic medication. As such, the potential of pharmacogenomics to aid in the selection of antidiabetic drug therapy has garnered considerable attention in the early 21st century. This chapter will review major antidiabetic drug classes (biguanides, sulfonylureas, and thiazolidinediones) for which a moderate amount of pharmacogenomics research exists. Within this framework, the most clinically relevant findings from candidate gene studies and/or genome-wide association studies will be highlighted for each drug class. In addition, the challenges and opportunities associated with the potential translation of pharmacogenomics information to the clinical management of diabetes will be described.
Protein Family Classification with Multi-Layer Graph Convolutional Networks

Next-generation sequencing techniques provide us with an opportunity for generating sequenced proteins and identifying the biological families and functions of the proteins. However, compared with identified proteins, uncharacterized proteins consist of a notable percentage of the predicted proteins in bioinformatics research field. However, previous clustering based algorithms heavily relying on large data samples are not accurate enough to assign protein families given a small amount of family annotated proteins. Therefore, considering limited protein data with annotated protein families, a more accurate and faster protein family prediction method is required. In this paper, we apply the Multi-layer Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) architecture on a Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network with limited characterized proteins to explore the performance of protein family classification by taking into account both of the network topology and physicochemical protein amino acid features.
Exploring perceptions of multicommunicator texting during meetings

Abstract Research on groups and technology often focuses on differences between face-to-face groups and computer-mediated groups. However, technology can also be utilized in face-to-face meetings, and can impact outcomes in a variety of ways. Multicommunication is the use of technology during face-to-face interactions. This exploratory study focused on how individuals perceive multicommunication (texting) occurring during a decision-making meeting. Results showed women viewed multicommunicators more negatively than men, and multicommunicators were viewed more negatively than non-multicommunicators. However, the gender of the multicommunicator did not play a role in perceptions. Suggested theoretical implications, along with directions for further research are provided.
Utility of chromosomal microarray for diagnosis in cases of nonimmune hydrops fetalis

Purpose Chromosomal microarray (CMA) is recommended in the diagnostic evaluation of cases with fetal structural anomalies when invasive testing is pursued. However, the utility of CMA for nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) specifically is not well known. Our objective was to describe the overall yield of CMA in the diagnostic evaluation of NIHF, comparing isolated cases to those with concurrent structural anomalies. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of all prenatally diagnosed NIHF cases evaluated at the University of California, San Francisco from 2008 to 2018. NIHF due to twin-twin transfusion syndrome was excluded. Results There were 131 cases of prenatally diagnosed NIHF. In 43/44 cases with a CMA performed, results were categorized as normal or likely benign. One case was found on CMA to have a large pathogenic duplication of 21p11.2q22.3, which could have been detected by karyotype and was consistent with a diagnosis of Down syndrome. There was no incremental yield demonstrated for CMA over karyotype. Conclusions Among a cohort of prenatally diagnosed NIHF cases, CMA did not identify any copy number variants beyond those detectable by karyotype, and the vast majority of CMAs were normal. These results suggest that CMA has low diagnostic utility for NIHF.
Psychiatric Emergencies: Self-Harm, Suicidal, Homicidal Behavior, Addiction, and Substance use

This chapter will address cross-cutting issues relevant to the work of psychologists in medical settings. One The focus will be on diagnostic assessment and differentials for psychiatric emergencies and on using a biopsychosocial formulation as well as cultural and developmental perspectives as the foundation for the management of acute safety concerns (e.g., agitation, homicidal/violent behaviors) and other psychiatric emergencies (e.g., suicidality, self-harm, substance abuse, and addictions). The chapter also addresses intervention strategies that psychologists can employ in managing psychiatric emergencies in medical settings (both inpatient units and outpatient specialty and primary care clinics), tips for engaging youth in crisis and their families, strategies for behavioral and environmental interventions, as well as tools to further assess and inform care. The final focus of the chapter is on multidisciplinary collaboration within the medical setting and on the available resources in the medical setting and in the community that psychologists can access when creating treatment recommendations.
Chapter 29 – Pediatric Radiation

When craniopharyngioma is diagnosed in a child, the risks of side effects are higher than in an adult. The management of craniopharyngioma remains one of the most controversial in the field of pediatric brain tumors, and potential neurocognitive, neuroendocrine, visual, and vascular complications may need to be addressed into adulthood. Complete surgical removal of the tumor can be curative, but this may be at the expense of unacceptable morbidity. Limited surgery and radiation is also curative, but for very young children, late radiation side effects can lead to substantial morbidity. Immobilization and reproducibility are critical to proper radiation delivery, but immobilization can be a challenge for young children, as they have greater difficulty staying still or the immobilization device may be uncomfortable, as most were manufactured for adults and later adapted for use in children. For young children or those unable to tolerate treatment without sedation, anesthesia is necessary. Advances in diagnostic imaging, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have led to major improvements in radiation treatment planning, leading to markedly improved coverage of target volumes with avoidance of nearby structures. New modalities, such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT), and proton radiation are also hoped to improve outcomes for pediatric patients.
False-positive levorphanol (opioid) due to dextromethorphan on urine drug screen by time-of-flight MS

Abstract A case of a false-positive levorphanol on an LC–QTOF urine drug screen due to the presence of dextromethorphan is described. Levorphanol is a stereoisomer of dextrorphan, the main metabolite of dextromethorphan. Dextromethorphan does not produce the same analgesic and sedative effects as opioids, which exhibit nervous system and respiratory depression. LC–MS assays are not able to distinguish between stereoisomers, and thus dextrorphan in the sample will be recognized as levorphanol. Only enantiomeric chiral LC–MS/MS analysis can help differentiate the two compounds. The primary caregiver was notified that with dextromethorphan present, the detected levorphanol was most likely the metabolite dextrorphan.
Fast Polyhedral Adaptive Conjoint Estimation

Web-based customer panels and web-based multimedia capabilities offer the potential to get information from customers rapidly and iteratively based on virtual product profiles. However, web-based respondents are impatient and wear out more quickly. At the same time, in commercial applications, conjoint analysis is being used to screen large numbers of product features. Both of these trends are leading to a demand for conjoint analysis methods that provide reasonable estimates with fewer questions in problems involving many parameters. In this paper we propose and test new adaptive conjoint analysis methods that attempt to reduce respondent burden while simultaneously improving accuracy. We draw on recent "interior-point" developments in mathematical programming which enable us to quickly select those questions that narrow the range of feasible partworths as fast as possible. We then use recent centrality concepts (the analytic center) to estimate partworths. These methods are efficient, run with no noticeable delay in web-based questionnaires, and have the potential to provide estimates of the partworths with fewer questions than extant methods. After introducing these "polyhedral algorithms" we implement one such algorithm and test it with Monte Carlo simulation against benchmarks such as efficient (fixed) designs and Adaptive Conjoint Analysis (ACA). While no method dominates in all situations, the polyhedral algorithm appears to hold significant potential when (a) profile comparisons are more accurate than the self-explicated importance measures used in ACA, (b) when respondent wear out is a concern, and (c) when the product development and marketing teams wish to screen many features quickly. We also test a hybrid method that combines polyhedral question selection with ACA estimation and show that it, too, has the potential to improve predictions in many contexts. The algorithm we test helps to illustrate how polyhedral methods can be combined effectively and synergistically with the wide variety of existing conjoint analysis methods. We close with suggestions on how polyhedral algorithms can be used in other preference measurement contexts (e.g., choice-based conjoint analysis) and other marketing problems.
Metabolic profiling of historical and modern wheat cultivars using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

To determine changes in the grain components between historical and modern wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, wholemeal flours from 19 wheat cultivars and 2 landraces released or introduced between 1870 and 2013 and grown over two crop years were extracted using hydroalcoholic solution and analyzed using one dimensional 1H NMR spectral profiling. Grain yield, grain volume weight (GVW), and grain protein concentration were also measured. Grain yield increased while protein concentration decreased by release year (p < 0.001). Increasing trends (p < 0.01) were observed for tryptophan, sum of the measured amino acids, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and sum of the measured phenolic acids. Grain yield, phenolic acids, and tryptophan were mainly associated with modern cultivars, whereas grain protein concentration and GVW were associated with historical cultivars. The findings from this study showed changes in concentration of grain components over a century of breeding that may have implications for grain quality and human health.
Transfer learning framework for cell segmentation with incorporation of geometric features

With recent advances in multiplexed imaging and spatial transcriptomic and proteomic technologies, cell segmentation is becoming a crucial step in biomedical image analysis. In recent years, Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN) have achieved great success in nuclei segmentation in in vitro imaging. Nevertheless, it remains challenging to perform similar tasks on in situ tissue images with more cluttered cells of diverse shapes. To address this issue, we propose a novel transfer learning, cell segmentation framework incorporating shape-aware features in a deep learning model, with multi-level watershed and morphological post-processing steps. Our results show that incorporation of geometric features improves generalizability to segmenting cells in in situ tissue images, using solely in vitro images as training data.
Patient and family perceptions of telehealth as part of the cystic fibrosis care model during COVID-19.

Abstract Background Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a chronic multi-system disease best cared for at Care centers with routine monitoring by interdisciplinary teams. Previously, remote home monitoring technology has been explored to augment in-person care. During the COVID-19 pandemic, traditional in-person care was limited and CF centers rapidly adapted to a telehealth delivery model. The purpose of this study was to understand how people with CF (PwCF) and families of PwCF experienced the shift to telehealthcare delivery. Methods This was a cross-sectional survey-based study conducted in 11 CF Centers. Two surveys were designed (one for adult PwCF and one for parents/guardians of PwCF) by participating CF center members with patient and family partner input. Surveys were disseminated electronically via email/text to all patients who completed a telehealth visit, and data were collected on secure Google Forms. Results Respondents rated their telehealth experiences as positive. Most were highly satisfied with their telehealth visit (77% adult, 72% pediatric) and found the visits to be highly convenient (85% for all surveyed). A majority of patients reported they had adequate time during the visit and had all questions and concerns addressed. Importantly, we also identified concerns regarding lack of in-person assessments including pulmonary function testing (PFT) and throat/sputum culture. Conclusion Telehealth was a feasible and well-accepted mechanism for delivering care in a chronic CF care model during the COVID-19 pandemic and may be useful in the post-pandemic era. Further work is needed to understand the impact of telehealth on patient outcomes, healthcare utilization and associated cost.
Embedded emerging memory technologies for neuromorphic computing: temperature instability and reliability

For the first time, the impact of temperature instability of resistive memory switching on potential neuromorphic computing applications has been extensively studied using eNVM-R and eNVM-M technologies developed on Intel 22FFL process. The reliability risk assessment shows that the effects of ambient temperature (e.g. resistance or conductance shifting with varying temperature) can lead to potential degradation of the neural network accuracy. Our results provide additional insight into device-level physical models and circuit-level design guidance for potential AI hardware applications.
Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Underweight Hospitalized Patients

There is limited evidence about optimal anticoagulant dosing for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in underweight patients. The purpose of this study was to characterize dosing strategies used in underweight patients and compare the incidence of bleeding and VTE to patients receiving a standard dose. This multi-center retrospective study evaluated medicine patients who weighed 45 kilograms or less and received VTE prophylaxis with unfractionated heparin or enoxaparin. We categorized subjects into groups as either standard or reduced dose and compared the incidence of bleeding and VTE between groups. Of the 300 patients included in the outcome analysis, 40.7% received a reduced dose regimen, most often enoxaparin 30 mg daily. Standard dose was associated with major bleeding compared with reduced dose, when adjusted for age, gender and admission hemoglobin (odds ratio 4.73, 95% confidence interval 1.05 to 21.34). Incidence of clinically relevant non-major bleeding (2.4% vs. 1.1%) and VTE (0.6% vs. 0%) were similar between groups. Anticoagulant dose reduction for VTE prophylaxis in underweight hospitalized medicine patients is common practice and associated with less major bleeding.
Soybean cyst nematode resistance QTL cqSCN-006 alters the expression of a ɣ-SNAP protein.

Soybean cyst nematode is the most economically damaging pathogen of soybean and host resistance is a core management strategy. The SCN resistance QTL cqSCN-006, introgressed from the wild relative Glycine soja, provides intermediate resistance against nematode populations including those with increased virulence on the heavily used rhg1-b resistance locus. cqSCN-006 was previously fine-mapped to a genome interval on chromosome 15. The present study determined that Glyma.15G191200 at cqSCN-006, encoding a ɣ-SNAP (gamma-SNAP), contributes to SCN resistance. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated disruption of the cqSCN-006 allele reduced SCN resistance in transgenic roots. There are no encoded amino acid polymorphisms between resistant and susceptible alleles. However, other cqSCN-006-specific DNA polymorphisms in the Glyma.15G191200 promoter and gene body were identified, and we observed differing induction of ɣ-SNAP protein abundance at SCN infection sites between resistant and susceptible roots. We identified alternative RNA splice forms transcribed from the Glyma.15G191200 ɣ-SNAP gene and observed differential expression of the splice forms two days after SCN infection. Heterologous overexpression of ɣ-SNAPs in plant leaves caused moderate necrosis, suggesting that careful regulation of this protein is required for cellular homeostasis. Apparently, certain G. soja evolved quantitative SCN resistance through altered regulation of ɣ-SNAP. Previous work has demonstrated SCN resistance impacts of the soybean α-SNAP proteins encoded by Glyma.18G022500 (Rhg1) and Glyma.11G234500. The present study shows that a different type of SNAP protein can also impact SCN resistance. Little is known about ɣ-SNAPs in any system, but the present work suggests a role for ɣ-SNAPs during susceptible responses to cyst nematodes.
What Really Motivates You? A Data-Driven Exercise and Discussion:

Why do I work? Despite instructors’ best efforts, students struggle to understand how different people answer this question differently. This exercise enables students to explore what motivates the...
Gender differences in the information systems managerial ranks: an assessment of potential discriminatory practices

This paper examines the extent to which gender discrimination is a force affecting the senior managerial ranks of the information systems (IS) occupation. While the employment trends of women in the IS occupation is encouraging, data are presented that suggest that IS may not be immune to the problems of gender discrimination. Analyzing data gathered by the Society for Information Management (SIM), a problem suggestive of discriminatory practices was found. Women receive lower salaries than men even when job level, age, education, and work experience are controlled.
Viscosity Measurement Using a Brookfield Viscometer

Whether working in product development, quality control, or process design and scale-up, rheology plays an integral role in the manufacture of the best products. Rheology is a science based on the fundamental physical relationships concerned with how all materials respond to applied forces or deformations.
DECISION‐MAKING IN THE CRIMINAL COURTS:

This article attempts an analysis of the relationship between the guilty-plea bargaining process and presentence investigation reports. It is argued that because plea-bargaining has increasingly come to involve bargaining over sentence. probation officers, as a consequence, have increasingly come to experience encroachment upon their decision-making autonomy. In this predicament they have found little support from judges, who, committed to norms of managerial efficiency will reassert the primacy of the plea-bargain when probation officers refuse to ratify previously negotiated sentence agreements. The policy implications of this for the criminal justice system are discussed.
An Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase-Independent Mechanism of Secondary VH Gene Rearrangement in Preimmune Human B Cells

VH replacement is a form of IgH chain receptor editing that is believed to be mediated by recombinase cleavage at cryptic recombination signal sequences (cRSS) embedded in VH genes. Whereas there are several reports of VH replacement in primary and transformed human B cells and murine models, it remains unclear whether VH replacement contributes to the normal human B cell repertoire. We identified VH→VH(D)JH compound rearrangements from fetal liver, fetal bone marrow, and naive peripheral blood, all of which involved invading and recipient VH4 genes that contain a cryptic heptamer, a 13-bp spacer, and nonamer in the 5′ portion of framework region 3. Surprisingly, all pseudohybrid joins lacked the molecular processing associated with typical VH(D)JH recombination or nonhomologous end joining. Although inefficient compared with a canonical recombination signal sequences, the VH4 cRSS was a significantly better substrate for in vitro RAG-mediated cleavage than the VH3 cRSS. It has been suggested that activation-induced cytidine deamination (AICDA) may contribute to VH replacement. However, we found similar secondary rearrangements using VH4 genes in AICDA-deficient human B cells. The data suggest that VH4 replacement in preimmune human B cells is mediated by an AICDA-independent mechanism resulting from inefficient but selective RAG activity.
Fabrication optimization of polypropylene composites reinforced with steam-exploded wood flour by wet process

To take advantage of the unique characteristics of the wood flour by combining them with plastic in conventional panel pressing methods, a wet process was developed to make composites using polypropylene and steam-exploded (SE) flour from small-diameter loblolly pine. Wet-laid wood flour/polymer composites were fabricated using a standard TAPPI handsheet method followed by compression molding. The variables that may affect the product properties were investigated using an orthogonal test design. The results revealed that the modulus of elasticity (MOE) of composites increased, while modulus of rupture (MOR) decreased with increasing SE wood flour content. Both MOE and MOR of the composites increased with maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene content. Dynamic mechanical analyzer and differential scanning calorimetry measurement gave insight into the structure of these composites, and scanning electron microscope was used to characterize the interfacial adhesion.
The Perceived Prestige of Professional Journals, 1995: A Replication of the Kohl-Davis Study.

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the perceived prestige of professional journals held by the deans/directors of ALA accredited schools of library and information studies and the directors of ARL libraries. The results suggest that the two survey populations hold very different views of these professional journals. This divergence of perceptions raises further questions regarding the relationship of library/information science faculty and the leadership of major library/information centers.
Tutorial: constructing animated images for classroom instruction

Computer animation has provided educators with a new outlet for expression of complex theoretical ideas to students. Constructing animated images for the purpose of expressing theoretical concepts need not be a complicated project. Indeed, it has been our experience that a significant amount of information can be provided through out the use of the simplest animations. The basics of computer animation construction, however, can be somewhat intimidating to those unfamiliar with the techniques required. In this tutorial, we plan to demonstrate and teach some of the simpler techniques for constructing animated images. As an outcome of having attended this tutorial, participants will be able to generate basic computer animations for their own courses even without significant backgrounds in computer programming.We will use some very basic programs in this tutorial, such as Excel and Paintbrush to produce images that will then be rendered. The software that will be used to produce this rendering is a very user friendly program from Gamani, namely Gamani GIF Movie Gear®. During this tutorial, participants will be led through the construction of several simple gif animations, from start to finish. We will also show how data extracted from spreadsheets can be easily converted into an animated product.
The Sky is Not Falling: The Effect of a Performance Right on the Radio Market

“For decades, a symbiotic relationship has existed between the radio and recording industries.” 1 Yet, for two industries that are so closely linked, they just cannot seem to get along. For the better part of the past century, the two have been treating each other like parasites rather than symbiotes, while arguments about what is and is not “fair” have whirled through courtrooms, law journals, and Congress. 2 Due to a loophole in U.S. copyright law, terrestrial broadcast radio stations—those that are picked up by AM or FM tuners, excluding any satellite or Internet radio—have never paid the recording artist or recording companies for the songs that they play while the original composer or songwriter is paid a royalty for every play. 3
Tyrosine phosphorylation of IFITM3 blocks an endocytic motif necessary for its complete influenza virus restriction (INM8P.438)

Influenza viruses are a major health concern, with seasonal influenza afflicting an average of 5% to 20% of the US population annually. Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) is important for the inhibition of influenza infection by blocking entry of endocytosed viruses into the cytoplasm. However, the exact mechanisms of IFITM3 regulation and antiviral activity are not clearly defined. Tyrosine phosphorylation by Fyn kinase at the N-terminus of IFITM3 has been previously identified, but the effects of this modification are unknown. We observe IFITM3 cell surface retention for phosphorylation-deficient mutants, minimal cell surface localization in Fyn-deficient cells, and cell surface retention as result of Fyn kinase overexpression. These findings are reproduced for both mouse and human IFITM3, and suggest that phosphorylation of tyrosine 20 in both species blocks an endocytosis motif. Accordingly, tyrosine 20 mutants lose anti-influenza virus activity, confirming the role of endosomal localization in the antiviral function of IFITM3. Our findings classify phosphorylation as a negative regulator of IFITM3, and provide important insights towards delineating the mechanisms by which IFITM3 traffics and restricts viral infection.
Brand Extensions and Flanker Brands

Brandextensions are one of the most popular strategies for the introduction of a new product, used by companies that already have well-established strong brands in the market. Brand extensions utilize the well-established brand name for a new-product offering when a company introduces a new product either in a totally different product category or in the same product category for a new market segment. In contrast, flanker brands (also called fighting brands) are the newcomers launched in the market by a company with an established brand in the same product category. They are designed to fight a competitor with a value offer or unique position, shielding the flagship brand from diluting its brand premium. The role and business objectives of brand extensions are very different from those of flanker brands. Each of them is rooted in a different branding strategy in a company's brand architecture and portfolio. However, they are equally important in terms of protecting the brand equity that the company has achieved by bringing out greater customer share on the condition that they are well designed and implemented. Keywords: parent brand; category extension; line extension; vertical extension; fit; brand association; flagship brand; flanker branding; fighter brand
Biosensors Based on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Near-Infrared Fluorescence

Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) possess unique optical properties that render them excellent materials for biosensing. SWNTs photoluminesce at near-infrared wavelengths, where scattering and absorption from tissue, whole blood, and water is low; and cell autofluorescence is minimal. Furthermore all of the SWNT atoms are on the surface, making them sensitive to local events. This chapter discusses the use of SWNT photoluminescence for bionsensors. One class of sensors utilizes the modulation of photoluminescence intensity to detect molecules such as glucose. A decrease in the intensity is caused by the reaction of glucose oxidase with glucose, coupled to another mediating reaction. Another type of sensor detects events through a shift in the photoluminescence energy. In one scheme DNA hybridizes on the nanotube, resulting in an increased surface coverage of the nanotube after hybridization, causing a photoluminescence energy increase. In another system, divalent ions induce a structural change in DNA strands that are wrapped around SWNTs causing an energy decrease in the nanotube photoluminescence. This sensor is capable of detecting ions even in highly scattering media such as blood, and inside cells. SWNTs represent a new class of materials that have the potential to be widely utilized in various biosensing applications. Keywords: carbon nanotubes; photoluminescence; fluorescence; solution phase detection; glucose; DNA
Report from SIOP: Current industrial/organizational psychology perspectives of women in organizations

Purpose – The current report is intended to provide a narrow, brief summery of research presented at the annual conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology regarding women in organizations.Design/methodology/approach – The conference, which broadly seeks to inform the science and practice of human well‐being and performance in organizations and draws thousands of participants from academic, consulting, and government agencies, included over 35 symposia, posters, and meetings related to diversity in organizations.Findings – Research presented provided empirical evidence that women continue to face subtle forms of discrimination and that there are consequences for such women and their employing organizations.Research limitations/implications – More multidisciplinary theory and research is needed to identify and develop effective strategies for the reduction of gender discrimination and the achievement of equal opportunities for men and women.Originality/value – In summary, the SIO...
Abstract 2747: EWS-FLI1 reduces RNA Helicase A activity.

Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC Background: EWS-FLI1 requires the protein binding of RNA Helicase A (RHA) to enable oncogenic transformation. RHA is a DExH box RNA helicase family member. RHA has critical roles modulating transcription, splicing and translation. RHA also functions as a scaffolding protein in multi-protein complexes including BRCA1, DICER, EGFR, POL2R, TOPO2. Our previous work demonstrated that YK-4-279 inhibited the protein-protein interaction of RHA, with EWS-FLI1 and led to cellular apoptosis. The biochemical mechanism remained cryptic, so we investigated the effect of EWS-FLI1 upon the helicase activity of RHA. Methods: Full-length purified recombinant RHA from insect cells. Infrared-labeled double stranded RNA was used as a substrate to measure helicase activity of RHA. We included full-length recombinant EWS-FLI1 in to the helicase reaction to test the effect of EWS-FLI1. Results: RHA unwinds double stranded RNA in the presence of ATP with Km value of 5.322 nM. We also showed that RHA manifests reannealing activity of single stranded RNA to double stranded RNA in the absence of ATP. Unlike ADP, ATP and additionally the non-hyrolysable gamma-S-ATP prevent reannealing activity of RHA. A molecular modeling of RHA structure predicted the surface exposure of the region (between 823-832aa), which EWS-FLI1 interacts with. The function of this region is not well described but presumed to support helicase activity. EWS-FLI1 interferes RNA helicase activity of RHA in a dose dependent manner. Moreover, the reduction of RHA protein level exerted cytotoxic effect on Ewing Sarcoma cells. Decreased RHA protein level changed EWS-FLI1 and its target gene expression profile. IGFBP3, GRK5, p21, and PRR3 gene expression levels increased massively. RPLA1 and NR0B1 mRNA levels were also increased by moderately in these cells. The change in the profile may contribute to apoptosis. Conclusions: The purified recombinant RHA is very active in vitro helicase assays. We demonstrated that RHA's helicase activity might depend on ATP binding but not ATP hydrolysis. The protein partnering as well as posttranslational modification of RHA might modulate the helicase and/or reannealing activity of RHA, which may augment oncogenesis of EWS-FLI1. This is the first time that a protein partner reduces the helicase activity of RHA. Further experiments are ongoing that investigate whether YK-4-279 blocking of EWS-FLI1 binding to RHA will restore the helicase activity of RHA as part of it contribution to cell death. Citation Format: Hayriye Verda Erkizan, Kamal Sajwan, Maksymilian Chruszcz, Jeffrey Schneider, Sarah E. Gamble, Aykut Uren, Wladek Minor, Radhakrishnan Padmanabhan, Jeffrey Toretsky. EWS-FLI1 reduces RNA Helicase A activity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2747. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2747
Modeling and simulation of large-scale, linear, multiport systems

A large number of physical and engineering systems may be represented directly in terms of component energy characteristics and their power interactions. When the system elements are modeled as energetic multiports, and their interconnections by power bonds, then the bond graph language is a natural one for describing the entire system. Bond graphs may be written for dynamic systems involving various energy types, such as electrical, mechanical, fluid and thermal; all energy types may be coexistent. Useful modeling elements include multiport storages, dissipators, and junction elements and transducers, as well as sources. Bond graph models of linear multiport systems may be transformed to state-space form by a powerful algorithm based upon operational causality. From the state-space equations, dynamic responses may be obtained by the matrix exponential technique, thereby allowing the direct digital simulation of linear multiport models. The ENPORT program is a realization of the bond graph reduction algorithm. It is a principal purpose of this paper to describe the procedure upon which ENPORT is based, and to present some results. Important features of ENPORT are its choice of physically significant state variables, its use of operational causality to obtain an orderly formulation of system equations, and its ability to handle systems containing static storage subfields.
Argentation high performance liquid chromatography of methyl esters

The technique of argentation chromatography with silver ion on a macroreticular exchange resin has been applied to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to separate fatty methyl esters and their isomers. Elution of methyl linolenate from the column and more rapid separation of dienes are made possible by programming column temperature from 25 to 70 C. Samples from ca. 0.025 μ to 8 μl can be analyzed on a 2-mm id x 61-cm column. Two 7-mm id x 61-cm columns in series have been used to separate 100-μl samples into fractions for further analysis by capillary gas chromatography. Various forms of argentation chromatography have been widely used for analysis and for separation of compounds from oils and fats including hydrogenated soybean oil. This paper describes the application of argentation procedures to modern HPLC to obtain faster, more efficient separations. It also describes the application of temperature programming to give more rapid separations and to extend our previous method to include methyl linolenate and its isomers.
Cycles of risk: Associations between menstrual cycle and suicidal ideation among women

Abstract The current study examined associations between cyclic variation in hormone levels and perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness – two determinants of suicidal ideation. Nineteen participants who experienced suicidal ideation and had normal menstrual cycles were selected out of 1482 college students and completed a series of on-line questionnaires every other day for 1 month. Menstrual cycle status, depressive symptoms, and feelings of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness were assessed. Hormone levels were estimated based on standardized actuarial data. Lower levels of progesterone were associated with greater feelings of burdensomeness. Perceived burdensomeness was also greater during the follicular phase than the luteal phase. Additionally, lower levels of prolactin were associated with both increased feelings of burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness; however, these associations were not significant after controlling for depression. Results suggest that hormonal variation is associated with the determinants of suicidal ideation and provide further explanation for associations found between the menstrual cycle and suicide risk.
Requirements for immortalization of primary mouse embryo fibroblasts probed with mutants bearing deletions in the 3' end of SV40 gene A.

The influence of specific contiguous stretches of amino acids predominantly in the carboxy terminal third of the SV40 large T antigen on the immortalization of cells in culture was investigated. Mutants that bear either small in-phase or frameshift deletions in the large T antigen coding sequence were transfected into primary mouse embryo fibroblasts of C57Bl/6 origin (B6/MEF). The frequency of immortalization was determined as the number of colonies that developed from cells escaping senescence. The results indicated that the terminal 81 amino acids of large T antigen are not needed for efficient immortalization or tumorigenicity. In contrast removal of as few as three amino acids encoded in the vicinity of the Dde-1 site at 0.234 map units (m.u.) severely restricted immortalization, suggesting that this region of the coding sequence either structurally or functionally is essential to at least one parameter of the transformed cell phenotype. The T antigen produced by dlA2433 which bears a deletion of nine nucleotides at 0.234 m.u. fails to associate stably with the cellular protein p53. The results showed that the addition of long stretches of amino acids (96 or 97 residues) from the open reading frame at the 3' end of the early region inactivated immortalizing functions, although the addition of as many as 18 amino acids from other reading frames was not detrimental. The evidence presented also confirmed that wild-type levels of ATPase activity are not necessary for immortalization or tumorigenicity of B6/MEF. Finally, we show that one of the mutants that immortalized primary cells did not produce dense foci on a cell monolayer. This last result indicated that independent functions are required for these two parameters of the transformed cell phenotype.
The Making Of Social Movements In Latin America: Identity, Strategy, And Democracy

* Introduction: Theory and Protest in Latin America Today Arturo Escobar and Sonia E. Alvarez. Conceptualizing Social Movements In Contemporary Latin America * Social Movements: Actors, Theories, Expectations Fernando Caldern, Alejandro Piscitelli, and Jos Luis Reyna. * Marxism, Feminism, and the Struggle for Democracy in Latin America Norma Stoltz Chinchilla. * The Study of New Social Movements in Latin America and the Question of Autonomy Judith Adler Hellman. * Culture, Economics, and Politics in Latin American Social Movements Theory and Research A. Escobar. The Making Of Collective Identities * "I Dreamed of Foxes and Hawks'': Reflections on Peasant Protest, New Social Movements, and the Rondas Campesinas of Northern Peru Orin Starn. * From Resistance to Social Movement: The Indigenous Authorities Movement in Colombia Mara Teresa Findji. * Power, Gender, and Development: Popular Women's Organizations and the Politics of Needs in Ecuador Amy Conger Lind. * The Venezuelan Ecology Movement: Symbolic Effectiveness, Social Practices, and Political Strategies Mara Pilar Garca. * Rethinking the Study of Social Movements: The Case of Christian Base Communities in Urban Brazil John Burdick. * Homosexual Identities in Transitional Brazilian Politics Edward MacRae. Articulating Strategies And Democratizing Democracy * Feminisms in Latin America: From Bogot to San Bernardo Nancy Saporta Sternbach, Marysa Navarro-Aranguren, Patricia Chuchryk, and S. E. Alvarez. * The Evolution of Urban Popular Movements in Mexico Between 1968 and 1988 Vivienne Bennett. * Radical Opposition Parties and Squatters Movements in Pinochet's Chile Cathy Schneider. * Democratization and the Decline of Urban Social Movements in Uruguay: A Political-Institutional Account Eduardo Canel. * Popular Movements in the Context of the Consolidation of Democracy in Brazil Ruth Corra Leite Cardoso. * Social Movements and Political Power in Latin America Orlando Fals Borda. * Conclusion: Theoretical and Political Horizons of Change in Contemporary Latin American Social Movements S. E. Alvarez and A. Escobar. *
Applying Mixed Estimation in Econometric Research

The validity of the Theil-Goldberger mixed estimation procedure for incorporating prior information into the estimation of econometric models has recently been questioned in the literature. In this article, a set of accepted statistical principles are used both to rationalize past and future applications of mixed estimation through the introduction of a modified mixed estimator and to provide an explicit rationale for the abandonment of the Theil-Goldberger procedure. A previous application of mixed estimation in this Journal is reexamined to illustrate the issues involved.
RAPTOR Observations of Delayed Explosive Activity in the High-Redshift Gamma-Ray Burst GRB 060206

The Rapid Telescopes for Optical Response (RAPTOR) system at Los Alamos National Laboratory observed GRB 060206 starting 48.1 minutes after γ-ray emission triggered the Burst Alert Telescope on board the Swift satellite. The afterglow light curve measured by RAPTOR shows a spectacular rebrightening by ~1 mag about 1 hr after the trigger and peaks at R ~ 16.4 mag. Shortly after the onset of the explosive rebrightening, the optical transient doubled its flux on a timescale of about 4 minutes. The total R-band fluence received from GRB 060206 during this episode is 2.3 × 10-9 ergs cm-2. In the rest frame of the burst (z = 4.045), this yields an isotropic equivalent energy release of Eiso ~ 0.7 × 1050 ergs in just a narrow UV band, λ 130 ± 22 nm. We discuss the implications of RAPTOR observations for untriggered searches for fast optical transients and studies of GRB environments at high redshift.
Effective diffusivities in catalyst pellets: new model porous structures and transport simulation techniques

Abstract Compressed and sintered porous solids are simulated by random-loose aggregates of spheres that are distributed in size and partially overlapped to achieve the required porosity. The resulting porous networks closely capture the morphological details of diffusing channels within granular materials commonly used as catalyst supports. Effective diffusivities in these model solids are calculated by Monte Carlo techniques that allow the probing of representative regions of the void space throughout the Knudsen, transition, and molecular diffusion regimes. Simulated diffusivities and tortuosity factors are in excellent agreement with experimental observations. These simulations also allow the calculation of accurate pore-size distributions and of transition-region diffusivities, previously estimated by simple geometric arguments and by the Bosanquet approximation, respectively. Mean pore radii calculated from surface area (S) and porosity (Г) data (rp = 2ГA/S) closely resemble the exact values obtained in our simulations for compressed solids but less so for sintered materials. Our simulations show that tortuosity factors, when properly defined and calculated, are intrinsic properties of porous solids, and identical in the Knudsen and molecular diffusion regimes.