cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Intralesional and intravenous treatment of cutaneous B-cell lymphomas with the monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody rituximab : report and follow-up of eight cases

Summary Background Rituximab (MabThera®; Roche, Basel, Switzerland; an anti-CD20 chimeric monoclonal antibody) has been shown to have significant activity in nodal B-cell lymphomas, with few associated adverse effects. Its efficacy and safety were first demonstrated in the treatment of systemic B-cell lymphomas. Intravenous and subsequently intralesional administration of rituximab have also been reported to be effective and well tolerated in cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (CBCL). The comparative efficacy of intravenous vs. intralesional rituximab in CBCL is not known. Objectives To evaluate the objective response rate, relapse rate, time to progression, and tolerance in patients with CBCL treated with intravenous or intralesional rituximab. Methods Eight patients with multiple primary CBCL (four follicle centre lymphoma and four marginal zone lymphoma) were treated with intralesional rituximab (six patients; 10–30 mg per lesion, three times weekly for one or two cycles at a 4-week interval) or intravenous rituximab (two patients; 375 mg m−2 once weekly for four consecutive weeks). Results Complete clinical remission was obtained in all cases. The two patients treated intravenously did not relapse during a follow-up period of 18–24 months. Four of six patients treated intralesionally presented a relapse of new lesions at another site within a mean of 6 months after treatment. The injected lesions did not, however, recur. New lesions also responded to another cycle of intralesional rituximab. Tolerance to treatment was very good in both treatment groups. Conclusions Rituximab therapy of CBCL appears to have a potential advantage in cases where lesions are localized in sites that are difficult to treat with radiotherapy or surgery and in which secondary scarring or alopecia is likely. Intralesional injections of rituximab allow the use of considerably smaller doses compared with intravenous treatment, with similar response rates and tolerance. However, within a 12-month follow-up period, relapse of CBCL with new lesions at distinct sites was frequently observed after intralesional treatment.
Effect of transcription-factor concentrations on leukemic stem cells

Increasing evidence suggests that leukemias are sustained by leukemic stem cells. However, the molecular pathways underlying the transformation of normal cells into leukemic stem cells are still poorly understood. The involvement of a small group of key transcription factors into this process was suggested by their frequent mutation or down-regulation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Recent findings in mice with hypomorphic transcription-factor genes demonstrated that leukemic stem-cell formation in AML could directly be caused by reduced transcription-factor activity beyond a critical threshold. Most interestingly, those experimental models and the paucity of biallelic null mutations or deletions in transcription-factor genes in patients suggest that AML is generally associated with graded down-regulation rather than complete disruption of transcription factors. Here, we discuss the effects of transcription-factor concentrations on hematopoiesis and leukemia, with a focus on the regulation of transcription-factor gene expression as a major mechanism that alters critical threshold levels during blood development and cancer.
Advances in the Control of Wine Spoilage by Zygosaccharomyces and Dekkera/Brettanomyces

Understanding the characteristics of yeast spoilage, as well as the available control technologies, is vital to producing consistent, high-quality wine. Zygosaccharomyces bailii contamination may result in refermentation and CO2 production in sweet wines or grape juice concentrate, whereas Brettanomyces bruxellensis spoilage often contributes off-odors and flavors to red wines. Early detection of these yeasts by selective/differential media or genetic methods is important to minimize potential spoilage. More established methods of microbial control include sulfur dioxide, dimethyl dicarbonate, and filtration. Current research is focused on the use of chitosan, pulsed electric fields, low electric current, and ultrasonics as means to protect wine quality.
Integrating Patient-Centered Care and Clinical Ethics Into Nutrition Practice

The purpose of this article is to present the application of patient-centered care and clinical ethics into nutrition practice, illustrate the process in a case study, and promote change in the current healthcare clinical ethics model. Nutrition support clinicians have an opportunity to add another dimension to their practice with the incorporation of patient-centered care and clinical ethics. This represents a culture change for healthcare professionals, including nutrition support clinicians, patients and their family. All of these individuals are stakeholders in the process and have the ability to modify the current healthcare system to improve communication and facilitate a change by humanizing nutrition support practice. Nutrition support is a medical, life-sustaining treatment, and the use of this therapy requires knowledge by the nutrition support clinician of patient-centered care concepts, preventive clinical ethics, religion/spirituality and cultural diversity, palliative care team role, and advance care planning. Integrating these into the practice of nutrition support is an innovative approach and results in new knowledge that requires a change in the culture of care and engagement and empowerment of the patient and their family in the process. This is more than a healthcare issue; it involves a social/family conversation movement that will be enhanced by the nutrition support clinician’s participation.(Nutr Clin Pract. 2013;28:543-555)
Competence and Just War

This article argues that the Just War tradition would do well to consider the importance of competence � and that doing so would invigorate debates about the use of organized violence. The article defends this argument through several moves. First, inspired by Aristotle�s thoughts on phronesis and chance, we view competence as a practice among those who, as a matter of course, engage in practical reasoning that takes into account the contingency of political action. Second, following from Arendt, competence can be considered that which foregrounds means over ends. Third, because competence is a continuous and more vigilant consideration of justice within war, it extends through both jus ad bellum and jus in bello principles, including the �proper authority� and �reasonable chance for success� conditions of the former, and the �double effect� doctrine discussed in the latter. The article concludes by acknowledging the challenges presented by an overemphasis on competence, before ultimately restating its purchase for Just War debates in the twenty-first century.
Mechanics of Motor Proteins and the Cytoskeleton

Preface - Introduction - PART I: PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES - Mechanical Forces - Mass, Stiffness, and Damping of Proteins - Thermal Forces and Diffusion - Chemical Forces - Polymer Mechanics - PART II: CYTOSKELETON - Structures of Cytoskeletal Filaments - Mechanics of the Cytoskeleton - Polymerization of Cytoskeletal Filaments - Force Generation by Cytoskeletal Filaments - Active Polymerization - PART III: MOTOR PROTEINS - Structures of Motor Proteins - Speeds of Motors - ATP Hydrolysis - Steps and Forces - Motility Models: From Crossbridges to Motion - Afterword - Appendix - Bibliography - Index
The surgical hospitalist: a new model for emergency surgical care.

Background Quality of acute surgical care in the US is threatened by a shortage of surgeons performing emergency procedures because of rising costs of uncompensated care, liability concerns, declining reimbursement, and lifestyle considerations. In July 2005, we restructured the general surgery service at our medical center into a hospitalist model to improve patient access to surgical care. Study Design We hypothesized that a surgical hospitalist program could improve timeliness of care, emergency department (ED) efficiency and physician satisfaction, resident supervision, continuity of care, and revenue generation. We reviewed our program after 1 year, including patient demographics, diagnosis, and time to consult. Results Three surgical hospitalists cared for 853 patients during 1 year. Patients ranged from 17 to 100 years of age and presented with abdominal pain (66%), infection (18%), malignancy (6%), hernia (4%), and trauma (3%). Fifty-seven percent of consults originated from the ED; 8% came from other surgeons. Mean time to consult was 20 minutes. A survey of ED physicians reported shorter ED length of stay, better patient satisfaction, improved professionalism and resident supervision, and better overall quality of care. Average waiting time for patients with acute appendicitis to undergo operation was reduced from 16 ± 10 hours to 8 ± 4 hours (p Conclusions The surgical hospitalist model provides a cost-effective way for general surgeons to provide timely and high-quality emergency surgical care and enhance patient and referring provider satisfaction.
Oxidative Stress in Aging in the C57B16/J Mouse Cochlea

Presbycusis is a complex of high frequency hearing loss and disproportionate loss of speech discrimination that is seen concomitantly with physical signs of aging. Among the most extensively characterized strains of mice that show an early hearing loss is the C57B16/J strain, a strain that shows early onset of high frequency hearing loss at age 6 months and complete hearing loss by 1 year of age. The histopathology of this strain consists of loss of hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons in the basal turn, with a progression of loss of hair cells and ganglion neurons towards the apical portion of the cochlea as the animal ages. The process of aging has been extensively studied and although details differ in various organisms the consensus today is that oxidative stress, i.e. free radical-mediated tissue damage, is one of the core mechanisms of aging. Aerobic metabolism results in the creation of hydrogen peroxide and reactive oxygen species. These are normally detoxified by a variety of enzymes and free r...
Neutrophil-specific antigen HNA-2a, NB1 glycoprotein, and CD177.

Purpose of reviewSeveral advances have been made in characterization of the molecule that carries human neutrophil antigen (HNA)-2a, NB1 glycoprotein, the gene that encodes NB1 glycoprotein, CD177, and the role of antibodies to HNA-2a in transfusion reactions.Recent findingsNB1 glycoprotein binds to
Performance-based funding: State policy influences on small rural community colleges

ABSTRACTPerformance-based funding (PBF) models intend to increase efficiency and productivity of the institution, thereby influencing organizational change. This change may be structural, programmatic, or procedural, and it may affect institutional practice and/or policy. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to understand the organizational impacts of a state performance-based funding policy on four small rural community colleges, as described by the leadership teams. Findings include direct impacts of the PBF policy on the college operations, programming, improvement efforts, and on perceptions of the college itself.
In Vivo Streptococcus pyogenes C5a Peptidase Activity: Analysis Using Transposon- and Nitrosoguanidine-Induced Mutants

The streptococcal C5a peptidase removes a six-amino-acid fragment from human C5a and thereby inactivates this chemotaxin. We used transposon and chemical mutagenesis to generate mutants of Streptococcus pyogenes that did not produce C5a peptidase. These mutants showed no alteration in expression of capsule, M protein, streptolysins O and S, or pyrogenic exotoxin C. Serial passage of a peptidase-producing strain in vivo resulted in a 100-fold increase in production of C5a peptidase. The presence of C5a peptidase delayed the accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) in the peritoneal cavities of mice after intraperitoneal challenge. However, there was no difference in virulence (as evaluated by LD50) between strains that produced and those that lacked C5a peptidase. Although C5a peptidase is expressed on the cell surface, antibody to this enzyme did not opsonize streptococci for phagocytosis in vitro. These studies show that C5a peptidase alters the normal host inflammatory response by delaying the accumulation of PMNLs at the foci of streptococcal infection.
Imported Fire Ants: Eradication Trials with Mirex Bait12

Largp-scale trials were conducted to evaluate mirex bait for cradication of imported fire ants. Two sites in Georgia-South Carolina and Florida infested with the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis inriela Buren, and a 3rd site in Mississippi, infested with the black imported fire ant, S. richteri Forel, were used as test areas. Three applications of bait at 1¼-2½ lb/acre eliminated all pretreatment colonies except in 2 instances. One surviving colony was found in a large assembly building in the city of Savannah, Georgia, and several colonies were found in the Florida test area near television transmission antennae that had interfered with electronic guidance signals for application aircraft. Aside from the colony in the assembly plant, no colonies, incipient or mature, were found in the central portion of the Savannah test area during the 2 years of posttreatment surveys. Incipient colonies were found 3-6 months the 3rd application of bait on the periphery of the Savannah and Florida areas and throughout the Mississippi area. It was impossible to determine with certainty whether these incipient colonies had arisen from flights from colonies within or from outside the trial areas. However, the patterns of reinfestation definitely suggested that they resulted from mating flights originating in colonies outside the areas. These data offer the 1st proof that queens can disperse up to 12 miles during nuptial flights. The results demonstrated a very high degree of effectiveness of mirex bait but did not con elusively prove that it can be used to eradicate the red and black imported fire ants. Nevertheless, these were the first fullscale attempts to totally eliminate ants from given areas. Since no insurmountable technical problems were detected, total elimination from large isolated areas may be technically feasible.
Analysis of the Relationship between the Severity of Burns and the Concentration of Serum Calcium in Children

Objective: To study the relationship between the severity of burns and the concentration of serum calcium in children. Methods:According to the severity of bums, the patients were divided at random into 3 groups: mild,moderate and severe. There were 26 patients in the mild group, 32 in the moderate group and 37 in the severe group . On admission, blood was taken to determine the serum calcium in all the patients. Results:The mean concentration of serum calcium is 8.22±1.05mg/dl in all the patients, 8.59±1.00mg/dl in the mild group , 8.45±0.90mg/dl in the moderate group ,and 7.75±0.97mg/dl in the severe group . There was significant difference between the mild, the moderate and the severe group. Conclusion: Some of the burned children had hypocalcemia. The more severe the bums, the more obvious the hypocalcemia. It is suggested that the concentration of serum calcium can be used as an index to evaluate the severity of burns in children.
Application of the IPSO Algorithm in Analysing the Shock Resistance of the Equipment Used on Naval Ships

A new improved particle swarm optimization(IPSO) algorithm,which guarantees to converge to the global optimization solution with probability one is proposed.During the running time,the mutation probability for the current particle is determined by the variance of the individual's concentration and convergence function.The ability of IPSO to break away from the local optimum is greatly improved by the mutation.The concept of adaptive acceleration factor is introduced to the IPSO.In this manner,the global and local search capability can be coordinated to make for locating the global optimum quickly.Finally,IPSO is applied to optimizing several test functions and shock resistance of equipment research.Test results show that IPSO has great advantage of the convergence property,and the shock resistance of equipment research shows that IPSO is effective.
Results Analysis on Microbial Detection of Drinking Water in Shenyang Railway Area

[Objective]To learn the sanitary condition of drinking water in all stations and depots of Shenyang railway area,so as to ensure the drinking water safety of railway workers.[Methods]The microbial detection was conducted in 338 water samples.[Results]The total qualified rate was 90.8%,the qualified rate of total bacteria counts was 90.8%,and that of total coliform group and thermotolerant coliform bacteria was 93.5%.The quality of drinking water in first and fourth quarter was better than that in second and third quarter.There was significant difference in qualified rates of all water samples between the secondary pressure water and finished water(χ2=5.82,P0.05),and the difference between the finished water and dispersed supply water was significant(χ2=5.57,P0.05).[Conclusion]The pollution of drinking water in this area is severe,especially dispersed water supply.The drinking water safety of railway workers needs to be solved urgently.
Cognitive Dissonance and “The Will to Believe”

That we shape our beliefs to align with our actions should be of interest within philosophy of religion and philosophy generally. Cognitive dissonance, a psychological state in which an individual’s beliefs and actions do not conform with each other, presents just such a situation. The idea that cognitive dissonance, by strict evidentialist standards, compromises our epistemic integrity since cognitive dissonance causes us to hold beliefs for which we do not have evidence, recalls the exchange between William Clifford and William James in which they discuss evidentialism, the idea that we should hold no beliefs for which we do not have evidence. In this paper I draw upon extant published research concerning cognitive dissonance theory and religion. I also survey the Clifford–James debate, applying considerations from their exchange to cognitive dissonance and (religious) belief. I conclude by showing how cognitive dissonance can have ambiguous results as concerns the justification of beliefs and that philosophy could benefit from attending to factors impacting empirical aspects of belief formation such as cognitive dissonance.
Gastric adenocarcinoma and low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa- associated lymphoid tissue

ABSTRACT:We describe the synchronous occurrence of gastric signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma and low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in a patient with chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. Histologic features of the mucosal inflammation, a follicular gastritis, were s
Mitotic Pattern in the Chick Pronephric Duct

By means of a variety of ingenious experiments it has been shown that the pronephric duct originates anteriorly and grows caudally to join the cloaca (for review, see Burns, 1955). It has been concluded on the basis of histological study (Lillie, 1919), and from operative experiments in which the pronephric duct path was blocked by grafts (Waddington, 1938), that in the chick the pronephric duct extends posteriorly by proliferation of its own cells. In the present study, the proliferative pattern in the outgrowing duct of the chick has been examined in normal and in colchicine-treated embryos. Results indicate that proliferation is particularly marked towards the posterior duct tip. It was also noted that tensions of the blastoderm (see Spratt, 1956) which are disrupted by colchicine treatment appear to play some part in maintenance of normal diameter and posterior elongation of the duct.
Disaster Planning and Response with and for People with Disabilities

Individuals with disabilities require special planning for, and support during, disasters, but that planning and support cannot occur in isolation. Emergency management policy regarding individuals with disabilities has evolved into the concept of “whole community.” Whole community informs how families, clinicians, and public health can play a vital role in disaster planning for individuals with disabilities. This planning includes special considerations for communication and notification, evacuation and emergency transportation, sheltering, medication supplies and equipment, and service animals.
The Brain on Stress: The Good and the Bad

Stress is a universal human experience and the word “stress” has many connotations and meanings. This review is intended to give a balanced overview of the good and bad sides of the response to stressful experiences. The brain is the central organ of stress and adaptations and has the capacity for considerable structural and functional plasticity which, though diminishing over the lifecourse, is nevertheless present in the adult brain. The brain not only perceives what is stressful but it determines the behavioral and physiological responses of neuroendocrine and autonomic systems that directly and indirectly regulate the metabolic and immune systems. The brain is also the target of circulating hormones and mediators of immune and metabolic systems. Glucocorticoids play a key role in most, if not all, of these actions and their positive, as well as negative effects will be discussed. As a way of avoiding ambiguity of the word “stress,” the concepts of allostasis and allostatic load and overload will be introduced to provide biological basis for understanding the interactions of brain and body and influences of stressful experiences and resulting “lifestyle” on both brain and body. Early life experiences have lasting effects on brain and body and emerging evidence suggest that the reactivation of plasticity mechanisms in the brain may be useful in modifying and even reversing effects of experiences in early life, as well as in adult life.
Strategies and Agents of Community Well-Being

Teaching and learning about community requires knowledge of the strategies and agents which contribute to the process of building, maintaining, and transforming communities. This chapter describes these strategies and agents, with a focus on their unique strengths and limitations, and some examples of how they interact with one another. The strategies range from one-on-one individual relationships through service, to community-based strategies via community development and organizing, to the use of research and advocacy expertise, to citizen participation in the political process. Major agents include government, the for-profit and non-profit sectors, individual and collective leadership, and the media.
Fighting for recognition: Online abuse of women bloggers in Germany, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States:

Women who blog about politics or identify as feminist in Germany, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States face great risks of online abuse. In-depth interviews with 109 bloggers who ...
Therapeutic regulation of the complement system in acute injury states.

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on therapeutic regulation of the complement system in acute injury states. The complement serum proteins have been isolated and characterized from complex mixtures of labile factors. Investigators using the tools of molecular biology have discovered the unexpectedly diverse repertoire of membrane proteins that interact with the serum components. The study of the intrinsic regulation of complement has uncovered a broad array of proteins with differing specificities and physicochemical properties. This allows application of these proteins, native or modified, to the problem of controlling inflammation. The availability of soluble complement receptor 1 (sCR1), as the first such agent, has permitted further definition of those adverse clinical situations that are complement-dependent. The use of sCRl as a drug might be anticipated in situations of thermal injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, and ischemia/reperfusion injury, such as myocardial infarction after thrombolytic therapy. sCRl may also serve as the tool to unravel and possibly treat xenograft rejection.
Derivation and Validation of a Novel Physiological Emergency Surgery Acuity Score (PESAS).

We present a novel and abbreviated Physiological Emergency Surgery Acuity Score (PESAS) that assesses the severity of disease at presentation in patients undergoing Emergency Surgery (ES). Using the 2011 ACS-NSQIP database, we identified all patients who underwent “emergent” surgery. The following methodology was designed: (1) identification of independent predictors of 30-day mortality that are markers of acuity; (2) derivation of PESAS based on the relative impact (i.e., odds ratio) of each predictor; and (3) measurement of the c-statistic. The PESAS was validated using the 2012 ACS-NSQIP database. From 24,702 ES cases, a 15-point score was derived. This included 10 components with a range of 0 and 15 points. Its c-statistic was 0.80. Mortality gradually increased from 1.7 to 40.6 to 100% at scores of 0, 8, and 15, respectively. In the validation phase, PESAS c-statistic remained stable. PESAS is a novel score that assesses the acuity of disease at presentation in ES patients and strongly correlates with postoperative mortality risk. PESAS could prove useful for preoperative counseling and for risk-adjusted benchmarking.
Medical Consequences of Obesity and Benefits of Weight Loss

Overweight and obesity have become epidemic in the United States and worldwide (1). Data from the National Center for Health Statistics indicate that the prevalence of obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or more, increased from 12.8%in the years from 1976 to 1980, to 22.5% in the 1988 to1994 interval, to 30% in the 1999 and 2000 interval. Approximately 31% of US adults, about 59 million people, are considered obese, and more than 64% meet the criterion for overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) (2).
Molecular Aspects of Cancer Prevention by Green Tea: An Overview

Epidemiological studies suggest that dietary consumption of fruits, vegetables, and spices could prevent the development or progression of cancers and thus protect millions of lives worldwide. Among many dietary agents, green tea, one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide, has drawn much attention following the demonstration of its potential chemopreventive effects in epidemiological, preclinical and clinical studies. Green tea contains four major polyphenols, of which EGCG is the most abundant and accounts for much of the chemopreventive action. Green tea polyphenols modulate multiple signaling molecules and pathways at various cellular levels from receptor binding to transcription factors and protein expression to exert their chemopreventive functions. This article briefly describes our current knowledge of the molecular targets of EGCG that are critical for the chemopreventive action of green tea.
Characterization of the operator cognitive state using response times during semiautonomous weapon task assignment

The increase in autonomy of unmanned systems is projected to continue in the foreseeable future. As a result, a single operator may be expected to monitor and control several unmanned systems. The US Air Force’s Warfighter Interface Division conducted a simulation and testing with human in the loop. Their objective was to examine target acquisition performance for unaided human operators with that of an automated cooperative controller in accomplishing a complex task involving the prosecution of ground-based targets with wide area search munitions (WASMs). Their experiments provided empirical data on a humans ability to manage multiple tasks with varying mental task difficulty. The concept of the response time (RT) is often used by psychologists and neuroscientists to better understand cognitive and corresponding neural processes. Recently, the RTs have been shown to be correlated with the cognitive task difficulty. Based on these findings, a new approach for assigning task difficulty during multitasking experiments is introduced. The approach constructs a monotonously increasing mapping of the operator’s RT data into the corresponding task difficulty levels with a continuous range of values.
Technologically Mediated Therapy: A Critique:

Computer technology is being introduced into social service programs to perform a variety of tasks, including therapy. Many practitioners question its effectiveness, primarily because technological...
Increasing Sales by Managing Congestion in Self-Service Environments: Evidence from a Field Experiment

Managing congestion in a self-service environment such as fitting rooms in apparel retailers is vital as retailers increasingly rely on their customers to perform many tasks independently. In this paper, we examine the impact of congestion in fitting rooms on the store performance for a retailer. Using point-of-sale (POS), traffic, and labor data from a retailer, we demonstrate an inverted-U relationship between fitting room traffic and sales; this shows that managing congestion in fitting rooms is critical for store performance. In addition, we find that a co-production environment, where associates help customers to complete their activities, is more effective in driving sales compared to self-service setting. We delve into plausible mechanisms to explain the observed inverted-U shape relationship using different queueing models. Finding that traditional models with passive or limited strategic consumer behavior (i.e., balking and reneging) do not explain the inverted-U shape relationship, we propose two alternate queueing models that are consistent with our data. Finally, we use a field experiment to show that increasing fitting room labor by one person to relieve congestion increases sales per hour by 15.98%. Our solution was adopted in a retail chain with around 100 stores.
Subjectivity and the Scope of Clinical Judgment

Subjectivity is a topic of interest to any philosopher, including myself. But qua philosopher I am likely to address only a certain group of issues falling under this general heading, relegating others to those of other disciplines. I believe that, for the most part, the questions and claims addressed by Eric Cassell in his ‘The Subjective in Clinical Judgment’ [1] are not philosophical in nature. Rather, they take the form of a general essay in psychology; and so my comments on Dr. Cassell’s discussion of them will be from one in the position of an outsider looking in.
Insect Repellents: An Updated Review for the Clinician.

Malaria, Zika virus, West Nile virus, Dengue fever, and Lyme disease are common causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. While arthropod bites may cause local inflammation and discomfort, a greater concern is the potential to develop deadly systemic infection. The use of insect repellents (IR) to prevent systemic infections constitutes a fundamental public health effort. Cost-effectiveness, availability, and high-efficacy against arthropod vectors are key characteristics of an ideal IR. Currently, numerous IRs are available on the market, with DEET (N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) being the most widely used. DEET has an excellent safety profile and remarkable protection against mosquitoes and various other arthropods. Other EPA-registered IR ingredients (permethrin, picaridin, IR3535, oil of lemon eucalyptus, oil of citronella, catnip oil, and 2-undecanone) are alternative IRs of great interest due to some having efficacies comparable to that of DEET. These alternative IRs possess low toxicity and favorable customer experiences in utilization (e.g., cosmetically pleasant, naturally occurring). This review summarizes currently available EPA-registered IRs: the origins, mechanisms of action, side effect profiles, and available formulations will be discussed. This review will enable the clinician to select the best IR option to meet patients' needs and provide the greatest protection from arthropod bites and sequelae.
Measuring and managing dust and nanoparticulates in pyrometallurgical processing

Combustion processes, comminution and materials handling can generate airborne particulates. Regulation of these particulates by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) is becoming progressively more stringent, and regulations will soon include “nanoparticulates,” which are particles finer than 100 nanometers (0.1 µm). Nanoparticulates are believed to have significant negative health effects due to their high surface area and reactivity. Although it was argued that nano particulate concerns were only important for combustion, studies at Michigan Technological University have shown that materials handling and comminution release significant quantities of nanop articles into the air. Laboratory studies have shown that the use of sodium metasilicate reduced airborne particles finer than 10 µm (PM10) by 86% and particles finer than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) by 80% for iron ore. Additional studies were conducted that revealed that nanop articulate emissions were present in the types of operations conducted at pyrometallurgical facilities.
Beyond 100% doping efficiency.

A single dopant molecule can exchange more than one charge with the hosting polymer semiconductor, doubling the maximum doping efficiency achievable.
Medication Prescription Patterns for Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: More Questions than Answers.

Clinical practice patterns provide a real world view of how clinicians deal with the uncertainty of evidence and play an important role in determining outcomes. Study of practice patterns can identify areas for improvement and help design interventions to improve quality of care. For example, a
Auditory information-integration category learning in young children and adults.

Abstract Adults outperform children on category learning that requires selective attention to individual dimensions (rule-based categories) due to their more highly developed working memory abilities, but much less is known about developmental differences in learning categories that require integration across multiple dimensions (information-integration categories). The current study investigated auditory information-integration category learning in 5- to 7-year-old children (n = 34) and 18- to 25-year-old adults (n = 35). Adults generally outperformed children during learning. However, some children learned the categories well and used strategies similar to those of adults, as assessed through decision-bound computational models. The results demonstrate that information-integration learning ability continues to develop throughout at least middle childhood. These results have implications for the development of mechanisms that contribute to speech category learning.
Homelessness Immersion: Bridging the Gap between Experience and Analysis

A number of years ago, educators at Molloy College were looking for a way to educate students about poverty that not only would provide theoretical information about the economic and social issues ...
Hand-Eye Coordination: Automating the Annotation of Physician-Patient Interactions

The widespread adoption of electronic health records within clinical settings has renewed interest in understanding physician-patient interactions. Previous work analyzing clinical interactions has mostly coupled patient surveys with manually annotated video interactions provided by human coders. Physician gaze is among the components of the non-verbal interaction which has been found to impact patient outcomes. The work described in this paper illustrates an automated system for video labeling of patient-physician interactions and shows that image features (such as areas and positioning of physicians' hands) can provide important visual aids for learning physician gaze with over 90% accuracy. While our approach focuses on physician gaze, it can be extended to capture other clinical human-human and human-technology interactions as well as connect these interactions to patient ratings of clinical interactions.
Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing findings in individuals with Zenker's diverticulum and cricopharyngeal bar.

To assess fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) findings in individuals with cricopharyngeal bar (CPB) and Zenker’s diverticulum (ZD). In this retrospective chart review spanning from 2010–2018, individuals diagnosed with CPB or ZD and undergoing FEES were identified. Patient demographics, radiographic studies, and treatments were recorded, and findings were compared between CPB, ZD of < 3 cm, and ZD ≥ 3 cm. Sixty-one individuals consisting of 48 patients with ZD and 13 patients with CPB met inclusion criteria. Post-swallow hypopharyngeal reflux (PSHR) of undigested food bolus, present with or without Valsalva maneuver, was noted in 23%, 84%, and 75% of patients with CPB, ZD < 3 cm, and ZD ≥ 3 cm, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the finding for those with ZD were 81% and 83%, respectively. Of patients with ZD, reflux resolved in all but six individuals after surgery. Four of these patients underwent revision surgery with the reflux subsequently resolving, and two patients with persistent reflux were asymptomatic and did not desire further treatment. PSHR is a good tool to identify the presence of a ZD and is less helpful to identify a CPB. Elimination of PSHR is a good tool to determine treatment success in patients with ZD and CPB. IV.
2.18 – Transit GIS

This article provides a comprehensive review of public transit geographic information system (GIS). It starts with an overview of the transit system status quo and highlights difficulties in transit development. It also includes a general discussion on GIS for transportation. Then, it describes GIS techniques for transit planning, including data representations, analytical and modeling approaches, and applications. The data representations describe the design of transit data models. The analytical and modeling approaches include visualization and editing, the examination of transit system performance, the measurement of transit accessibility, the support of transit modeling, and Internet and big data for smart transit planning, etc. Next, the article illustrates three empirical cases to demonstrate the applications of GIS in transit planning, including the examination of the impacts of the Urban Train in San Juan, Puerto Rico on job accessibility, the measurement of the effects of rail transit on residential property values in Houston, Texas, and the use of transit smart card data for transit network studies in Shenzhen, China. Finally, it concludes that geographic techniques in GIS can be used to meet the challenges faced by planners and service providers.
Work in Progress: Pilot Study for the Effect of a Simulated Laboratories on the Motivation of Biological Engineering Students

The main challenge for biological engineering educators is that BE is a relatively new and broad discipline that integrates a diverse array of knowledge from the basic sciences and engineering sciences towards application in the biological and medicinal fields. Due to variety of possible career outcomes and limited department resources (money, laboratory space, etc.), it is not possible to create a single undergraduate curriculum that will cover all of the technical skills spanning the entire biological engineering field in a hands-on setting. As laboratory sections have been shown to provide a variety of educational benefits, it is imperative that university engineering departments seek alternative methods to deliver real-life application of classroom concepts.
Community resilience in a rural food system: documenting pathways to nutrition solutions.

Abstract Objective To describe and determine the barriers and facilitators to food-related health behaviors of residents in a rural Mississippi Delta community. Study design Descriptive study of qualitative interviews. Methods A non-random sample of 34 low-income, food-insecure adults residing in a rural Mississippi Delta community were interviewed using fuzzy cognitive mapping, a mixed methods approach. Results Participants strongly emphasized the time restraints they faced in both procuring and preparing foods, due to substantial travel time required to procure groceries. Participants also identified key facilitators to healthy eating behaviors, including seasonal produce stands, foraging, fishing, home provisioning, and access to the local food pantry. These barriers and facilitators are highly interconnected with other influential factors including poverty, lack of health care, unemployment, and faith-based support systems. Conclusions While the connection between low food access and poor eating habits is well researched, this novel mixed-method approach details two important elements missing from the literature: (1) other factors often overlooked that mitigate or exacerbate this relationship and (2) the dynamic nature of the relationships between these factors, poor eating habits, and health. Additionally, this research examines these relationships in an underrepresented rural minority population where resources needed to mitigate poor health are often much more limited. Findings from this study are critical to health and food policy in Mississippi and more generally, rural communities.
Pathology Trainee Redeployment and Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Institutional Experience

Pathology training programs throughout the United States have endured unprecedented challenges dealing with the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. At Houston Methodist Hospital, the Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine planned and executed a trainee-oriented, stepwise emergency response. The focus was on optimizing workflows among areas of both clinical and anatomic pathology, maintaining an excellent educational experience, and minimizing trainee exposure to coronavirus disease 2019. During the first phase of the response, trainees were divided into 2 groups: one working on-site and the other working remotely. With the progression of the pandemic, all trainees were called back on-site and further redeployed within our department to meet the significantly increased workload demands of our clinical laboratory services. Adjustments to trainee educational activities included, among others, the organization of a daily coronavirus disease 2019 virtual seminar series. This series served to facilitate communication between faculty, laboratory managers, and trainees. Moreover, it became a forum for trainees to provide updates on individual service workflows and volumes, ongoing projects and research, as well as literature reviews on coronavirus disease 2019-related topics. From our program's experience, redeploying pathology trainees within our department during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic resulted in optimization of patient care while ensuring trainee safety, and importantly, helped to maintain continuous high-quality education through active involvement in unique learning opportunities.
Familie und Partnerschaft

In der wissenschaftlichen Beschaftigung mit dem Thema Familie/Partnerschaft im Zusammenhang mit der Perspektive Behinderung steht man vor einem doppelten und vergleichbaren Begriffsproblem: In der genaueren Beschreibung, was unter Familie/Partnerschaft einerseits und Behinderung andererseits zu verstehen ist, kann entweder auf ein vorwissenschaftliches, implizites Wissen zuruckgegriffen werden oder die Begriffe werden erst seitens des Forschungszugangs im Sinne einer Normaldefinition hervorgebracht (vgl. Lenz 2013). Beide Themenfelder werden zudem von verschiedenen wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen bearbeitet, welche gemas ihren jeweiligen Erkenntnisinteressen die Lebenssituationen von Familie/Partnerschaft und Behinderung unterschiedlich bestimmen. Dabei werden beide Begriffsfelder auch immer in einem gesellschaftlichen Spannungsfeld zwischen normativen Leitbildern und sozialpolitischer Bearbeitung ausgedeutet.
Coniston Corp v. Village of Hoffman Hills: How to Make Procedural Due Process Disappear

It is an honor to join so many distinguished colleagues in the grand celebration of Richard A. Posner’s twenty-five years as a judge on the Seventh Circuit. His broad intellect, economical style, and tremendous productivity from the bench—not to mention his Herculean achievements as a scholar—make him the most influential appellate court judge of our generation. As befits this occasion, however, I see no reason to examine one of his many opinions with which I agree. Rather, as befits our relationship of now thirty-five years, I choose to write about a highly influential Posner opinion with which I and, I expect, many others disagree: Coniston Corp v Village of Hoffman Estates. 1 That case offers more latitude to local government officials on land use decisions than is commonly found in most courts, and it is in my view all too sympathetic to the claims of expertise and discretion advanced on behalf of land planners. To set the stage, here are the simple facts of the underlying dispute. Coniston had acquired several hundred acres of undeveloped land near the Village of Hoffman Estates, which were then annexed to the Village by mutual agreement. The parties took the unusual step of incorporating the Village’s land use ordinance into that annexation agreement. The agreement did not set out specific procedures for reviewing any application to develop that parcel, but it did require Coniston to develop a general plan for the entire tract, which it did, and to prepare more specific site plans for each section of the entire plot prior to its development. The master agreement first sent each particular plan to a Village Plan Commission whose recommendations were passed on to the Village Board of Trustees for its approval or disapproval. 2
Changing minds with clinical hypnosis: Narratives and discourses for a new health care paradigm: by L. I. Sugarman, J. H. Linden, & L. W. Brooks, New York, NY, Routledge, 2020, 334 pp., $42.36 (paperback), ISBN: 97803672519556

Wow – Thank You! Once in a while, a book of great significance is written. Changing Minds with Clinical Hypnosis is such a book and subsequently the authors are known affectionately and reverently ...