cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Further Studies on the Mechanism by Which Chlorpropamide Alters the Action of Vasopressin

The injection of chlorpropamide into Brattleboro homozygous rats (di/di) has previously been shown to result in enhanced activation of renal medullary adenylate cyclase activity and increased renal medullary content of cAMP in response to l-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (dDAVP). In contrast, in vivo chlorpropamide did not alter GTP, guanylylimidodiphosphate, or fluoride-stimulated adenylate cyclase activities in these renal membranes. We have now found that the effect of in vivo chlorpropamide in enhancing dDAVP-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity involves lowering the Km for ATP. We have also found that dDAVP increases urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) excretion, and treatment with chlorpropamide causes an even greater PGE2 response to dDAVP. In contrast, in vivo chlorpropamide treatment did not increase vascular responses to arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the perfused kidney preparation and, in fact, inhibited the AVP-induced decrease in the glomerular filtration rate. Chlorpropamide, therefore, enha...
Criterion for the Locality of a Manipulator Arm with Respect to an Operating Point

Criteria for determining an optimum locality of a manipulator arm are developed. In many cases, in a manufacturing environment, the tools, fixtures and targets that a manipulator has to deal with cannot be relocated. Thus, the choice of the manipulator locality is important. The method presented in this paper uses the notion of a service sphere to determine required orientability at an operating point. The boundary surfaces to the wrist-accessible output set is determined and positioned such that the service sphere is inside the wrist-accessible output set.To determine boundary surfaces of the wrist-accessible output set, manipulator singularities (internal boundary, and higher order) are computed and substituted into the constraint equation to parameterize singular surfaces. Part of these surfaces may lie internal to the boundary while other parts are a subset of the boundary. Singular surfaces are then intersected to determine second-order singularities. Second-order singularities partition surfaces int...
A broad cortical reserve accelerates response to cognitive enhancement therapy in early course schizophrenia.

Abstract Objectives Cognitive rehabilitation can improve cognition in schizophrenia and prevent disability. It is unknown, however, whether a greater neurobiologic reserve, as measured by cortical volumes, will predict a favorable response to rehabilitation. We investigated this question in early course schizophrenia patients treated with Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET). Methods Outpatients in the early course of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were randomly assigned to CET (n = 29) or an Enriched Supportive Therapy control (n = 21) and treated for two years. Cortical surface area and gray matter volume data were collected before treatment using structural magnetic resonance imaging. Neurocognition and social cognition were assessed before, and after one and two years of treatment. Moderator analyses examined the impact of pre-treatment cortical surface area and gray matter volume on differential neurocognitive and social-cognitive response to CET. Results Pre-treatment, whole brain cortical surface area and gray matter volume significantly moderated the effects of CET on social cognition, but not neurocognition. Greater neurobiologic reserve predicted a rapid social-cognitive response to CET in the first year of treatment; patients with less neurobiologic reserve achieved a comparable social-cognitive response by the second year. While nearly every regional measurement significantly contributed to this accelerated social-cognitive treatment response, effects were the strongest in the temporal cortex. Conclusions A broad cortical surface area and gray matter reserve is associated with an accelerated social-cognitive response to CET in early schizophrenia, yet the benefits of cognitive rehabilitation are achieved in those with less initial cognitive resources after a longer duration of treatment.
The promise of Mechanical Turk: How online labor markets can help theorists run behavioral experiments

Combining evolutionary models with behavioral experiments can generate powerful insights into the evolution of human behavior. The emergence of online labor markets such as Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT) allows theorists to conduct behavioral experiments very quickly and cheaply. The process occurs entirely over the computer, and the experience is quite similar to performing a set of computer simulations. Thus AMT opens the world of experimentation to evolutionary theorists. In this paper, I review previous work combining theory and experiments, and I introduce online labor markets as a tool for behavioral experimentation. I review numerous replication studies indicating that AMT data is reliable. I also present two new experiments on the reliability of self-reported demographics. In the first, I use IP address logging to verify AMT subjects' self-reported country of residence, and find that 97% of responses are accurate. In the second, I compare the consistency of a range of demographic variables reported by the same subjects across two different studies, and find between 81% and 98% agreement, depending on the variable. Finally, I discuss limitations of AMT and point out potential pitfalls. I hope this paper will encourage evolutionary modelers to enter the world of experimentation, and help to strengthen the bond between theoretical and empirical analyses of the evolution of human behavior.
Lipid composition of rat mammary carcinomas, mammary glands, and related tissues: endocrine influences.

The lipids of mammary glands and mammary carcinomas from rats in various hormonal states were studied and compared with each other, with adipose tissue, and with a new transplantable sarcoma derived from cultured mammary carcinoma cells. When large doses of estradiol-17Β were administered to the host, cells of a few carcinomas became engorged with triglyceride containing an increased proportion of C10-C14 fatty acids—a characteristic of milk fat. Cancers capable of fatty transformation must retain in latent form the enzyme system for fatty acid synthesis possessed by mammary epithelium; estradiol-17Β apparently activates this system. The lipid composition of retroperitoneal adipose tissue resembled that of the mammary tissue of virgin rats; this indicates similarity between retroperitoneal fat and the adipose component of mammary gland. Relative to the dry nonfat material present, the phospholipid content of adipose tissue was greater than that of the other tissues. Generally, differences in lipid composition between tissues were in amounts of triglyceride present and proportions of fatty acids in the triglyceride fraction. The ratios of cholesterol and cholesterol ester to phospholipid were similar in normal and neoplastic tissues. The amounts of free fatty acid, monoglyceride, and diglyceride were roughly proportional to the amount of triglyceride present.
Modulation of the myogenic mechanism: concordant effects of NO synthesis inhibition and O2− dismutation on renal autoregulation in the time and frequency domains

Renal blood flow autoregulation was investigated in anesthetized C57Bl6 mice using time- and frequency-domain analyses. Autoregulation was reestablished by 15 s in two stages after a 25-mmHg step i...
Understanding Compassion Practices: Managing Workplace Suffering through Structure

Human suffering is prevalent in healthcare organizations (HCOs). When caregivers struggle with personal and work- related losses and setbacks, these struggles can negatively impact both caregivers ...
Cocrystallization of (μ-S2)2– and (μ-S)2– and Formation of an [η2-S3N(SiMe3)2] Ligand from Chalcogen Reduction by (N2)2– in a Bimetallic Yttrium Amide Complex

The reactivity of the (N2)2– complex {[(Me3Si)2N]2Y(THF)}2(μ-η2:η2-N2) (1) with sulfur and selenium has been studied to explore the special reductive chemistry of this complex and to expand the variety of bimetallic rare-earth amide complexes. Complex 1 reacts with elemental sulfur to form a mixture of compounds, 2, that is the first example of cocrystallized complexes of (S2)2– and S2– ligands. The crystals of 2 contain both the (μ-S2)2– complex {[(Me3Si)2N]2Y(THF)}2(μ-η2:η2-S2) (3) and the (μ-S)2– complex {[(Me3Si)2N]2Y(THF)}2(μ-S) (4), respectively. Modeling of the crystal data of 2 shows a 9:1 ratio of 3:4 in the crystals of 2 obtained from solutions that have 1:1 to 4:1 ratios of 3/4 by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The addition of KC8 to samples of 2 allows for the isolation of single crystals of 4. The [S3N(SiMe3)2]− ligand was isolated for the first time in crystals of [(Me3Si)2N]2Y[η2-S3N(SiMe3)2](THF) (5), obtained from the mother liquor of 2. In contrast to the sulfur chemistry, the (μ-Se2)2– analogue o...
Characteristics of patients with and without gonadotropin surges during follicular recruitment in an in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer program

Fifteen ovulatory patients undergoing ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate-human menopausal gonadotropin-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) for in vitro fertilization were studied. All 15 attained peak estradiol (E 2 ) levels of > 600 pg/ml. Eight patients had an endogenous luteinizing hormone (LH) surge before the administration of hCG. The characteristics of these "surge" patients were compared with those of the remaining seven "nonsurge" patients. There was no significant difference in the peak morning E 2 achieved before hCG or the endogenous LH surge, nor in the peak absolute increase in E 2 over a 24-hour period in these two groups. The surge group had significantly higher E 2 levels per follicle ≥ 15 mm, measured by ultrasound on the morning of the day of administration of hCG or the LH surge ( P ≤ 0.005). In addition, nonsurge patients had a greater number of follicles ≥ 15 mm, compared with surge patients ( P ≤ 0.05). It is hypothesized that greater quantities of nonsteroidal hormones, such as inhibin, produced by a greater number of preovulatory follicles in nonsurge patients, may block the pituitary response to hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the face of high and rising E 2 levels
Titania Composites with 2 D Transition Metal Carbides as Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Production under Visible‐Light Irradiation

MXenes, a family of two-dimensional transition-metal carbides, were successfully demonstrated as co-catalysts with rutile TiO2 for visible-light-induced solar hydrogen production from water splitting. The physicochemical properties of Ti3C2Tx MXene coupled with TiO2 were investigated by a variety of characterization techniques. The effect of the Ti3C2Tx loading on the photocatalytic performance of the TiO2/Ti3C2Tx composites was elucidated. With an optimized Ti3C2Tx content of 5 wt %, the TiO2/Ti3C2Tx composite shows a 400 % enhancement in the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction compared with that of pure rutile TiO2. We also expanded our exploration to other MXenes (Nb2CTx and Ti2CTx) as co-catalysts coupled with TiO2, and these materials also exhibited enhanced hydrogen production. These results manifest the generality of MXenes as effective co-catalysts for solar hydrogen production.
Effect of supplemental niacin on sow reproduction and sow and litter performance.

In this study the effects of supplemental crystalline niacin on sow reproduction and sow and litter performance were evaluated using 240 litters produced by 67 sows. A basal 12.80% CP corn-soybean meal-oat diet was supplemented with 0 or 33 mg of crystalline niacin/kg during gestation and lactation. The sows were grouped to equalize initial BW and parity among the two treatment groups. Each sow was fed 2.0 kg/d during gestation and 1.8 kg plus .45 kg per nursing pig during lactation. Sows not culled due to reproductive or structural problems remained on the experiment for five parities (average 3.6). Supplemental niacin did not improve (P > .20) any of the sow reproductive or sow and litter performance variables evaluated, including the subjective scores for sow lameness, toe cracks, and hair and skin condition. In conclusion, these results suggest that a 12.80% CP corn-soybean meal-oat diet provides adequate niacin during gestation and lactation without supplementation with crystalline niacin.
The Bloating of the Constitution: Equality and the US Establishment Clause

The US Establishment Clause is in disorder. There are currently at least six different approaches to interpreting the ‘establishment’ component of the First Amendment injunction that “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof… ” (US Constitution, Amendment 1). Tests of church-state separation, non-coercion, secularity, historical practice, non-endorsement and neutrality all have been used by the Supreme Court at one time or another across a broad panoply of cases. Sometimes two or more of these tests have been squeezed together within a single case, with implied reassurances that the result does not really depend upon the test anyway. At levels below the Supreme Court, this sort of doctrinal bricolage is often only prudent self-protective practice by judges compelled by the Court’s opacity to hedge their bets.
Famiglia, etica, consenso informato e questioni medico-legali

Il vento sta fischiando attraverso le fessure della finestra della vostra stanza quando ricevete una chiamata dal Pronto Soccorso ed improwisamente vi ritrovate nel vortice, con un gruppetto di sconosciuti estremamente agitati a cui dovete spiegare che, per salvare la vita del loro caro, e necessario intervenire immediatamente. La sala operatoria e pronta. Per ottenere il consenso informato e necessario combinare in maniera pratica abilita di vendita, capacita di risolvere problemi etici e convincimento psicologico. Equivale a fare del marketing rapido delle vostre capacita e del piano terapeutico che volete proporre ed e necessario che rendiate il paziente e i suoi familiari vostri alleati nel processo decisionale. Tuttavia, piu che una esigenza legale, il consenso informato e un impegno etico verso il paziente, i vostri colleghi e voi stessi.
Building Self-control to Prevent Crime

Rather than following the current criminal justice practice of punishing individuals after they have committed a crime, this chapter suggests an alternative approach to the crime problem. To prevent crime before it occurs, we need national programs to build self-control in early childhood. Self-control is one of the dominant theories in criminology that has generated a great deal of research and support. In essence, the theory is that individuals who develop self-control as children, through supervision of their behaviors and appropriate discipline, will be less likely to engage in crime and deviance throughout their lives. This chapter discusses the theory in more depth and reviews two early childhood programs that have elements consistent with the development of self-control in children. We recommend national early preschool programs that focus on building attachments between children and adults, including teachers and parents, in order to provide consistent monitoring and discipline in both school and home settings.
Changes in glycemia, insulin and gut hormone responses to a slowly ingested solid low-carbohydrate mixed meal after laparoscopic gastric bypass or band surgery

Changes in glycemia, insulin and gut hormone responses to a slowly ingested solid low-carbohydrate mixed meal after laparoscopic gastric bypass or band surgery
Electrophysiological Endophenotypes and the Error-Related Negativity (ERN) in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Family Study

We examined the error-related negativity (ERN) as an endophenotype of ASD by comparing the ERN in families of ASD probands to control families. We hypothesized that ASD probands and families would display reduced-amplitude ERN relative to controls. Participants included 148 individuals within 39 families consisting of a mother, father, sibling, and proband. Robust ANOVAs revealed non-significant differences in ERN amplitude and behavioral performance among ASD probands relative to control youth. In subsequent multiple regression analyses group and kinship (proband, sibling, mother, father) did not significantly predict ΔERN (error minus correct ERN) or behavioral performance. Results do not provide evidence for the ERN as an endophenotype of ASD. Future research is needed to examine state- or trait-related factors influencing ERN amplitudes in ASD.
A comparison of the college experience for students with and without disabilities

Students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) have joined the ranks of college students in pursuit of personal independence, community integration, and employment. To achieve these aims, there is a need for a strong understanding of the college experience for students with IDD, including identification of the academic, social, and personal challenges they face as well as the supports that are available to address those challenges. This research provides preliminary insights into the college experience for students with IDD by comparing the perceptions, attitudes, and activities of students with IDD to those of students without disabilities and students with mild learning disabilities (MLD). Our data suggest a number of similarities in the college experience for students with and without disabilities such as similar influences from family and teachers with respect to attending college. In addition, some surprising advantages expressed by students with IDD were found, such as reporting greater ease in developing close friendships than students with MLD. Considerations and discussion on the ways in which students with IDD benefit from the additional supports and services provided to them are also discussed.
The importance of controlling genetic variation - remarks on 'Appropriate rearing density in domesticated zebrafish to avoid masculinization: links with the stress response'.

[Ribas et al. (2017)][1] claim that the sex of zebrafish Danio rerio is influenced by stocking density. The authors describe a series of experiments in which four breeding pairs were reproduced, and the resulting larvae were stocked at four different densities and then raised to maturity. At the two
Integrating simulation and signal processing in tracking complex social systems

Data that continuously track the dynamics of large populations have the potential to revolutionize how we study complex social systems. However, coping with massive, noisy, unstructured, and disparate data streams is not easy. In this paper, we describe a particle filter algorithm that integrates signal processing and simulation modeling to study complex social systems using massive, noisy, unstructured data. This integration enables researchers to specify and track the dynamics of real-world complex social systems by building a simulation model. To show the effectiveness of this algorithm, we infer city-scale traffic dynamics from the observed trajectories of a small number of probe vehicles uniformly sampled from the system. The results show that our model can not only track and predict human mobility, but also explain how traffic is generated through the movements of individual vehicles. The algorithm and its application point to a new way of bringing together modelers and data miners to turn the real world into a living lab.
Outpatient esophageal variceal sclerotherapy: safe and cost-effective. A prospective study

A study to determine the safety and cost-effectiveness of outpatient esophageal variceal sclerotherapy (EVS) was undertaken between May 1983 and April 1984. A total of 117 EVS treatments were performed on 34 patients. Complications were minor and no patients required immediate hospitalization following treatment. A cost benefit was realized with outpatient EVS compared to inpatient EVS.
Fracture Mechanics in Structure Design

The main methods available for the structural analysis of cracked structures are examined from elastic behaviour to general yielding with the particular point of view of the part through cracks in pressure vessel walls.
Power-dependent impedance of high temperature superconductor thin films: Relation to harmonic generation

We present measurements of the power-dependent microwave surface impedance of YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films, performed using patterned coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonators at 5.87 GHz and 76 K. We compare these resonator measurements with third-harmonic generation measurements performed on CPW transmission lines of the same geometry patterned onto the same thin-film sample at the same frequency and temperature. We find that the power-dependent surface reactance Xs(Prf) is directly related to the magnitude of the generated third-harmonic signal, indicating a common origin for both of these manifestations of nonlinearity in high temperature superconductor (HTS) devices. These results are consistent with the nonlinear response generated by a current-dependent penetration depth λ(J), which provides a material limitation on the linearity that can be achieved in any practical HTS microwave device.
Effects of Reward and Task Constraint

One of the most fascinating and frustrating aspects of creativity is that, in some ways, it defies effort. Unlike most desirable behaviors that psychologists study, creative behavior cannot be achieved simply by trying. Even individuals who have previously distinguished themselves for outstanding creativity often fail to produce creative work, despite their best efforts. Indeed, these individuals— for example, writers suffering “writer’ s block”— often complain that the harder they try, the more meager their success. Recall the excerpt from Dostoevsky’ s letter that was presented in Chapter 1. There, he described the extreme difficulty he encountered in writing a commissioned novel: “I believe you have never written to order, by the yard, and have never experienced that hellish torture” (Allen, 1948, p. 231). These difficulties often seem to arise when people attempt to meet the demands of others— in other words, when they try for the wrong reasons.
Quality of HIV Websites With Information About Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis or Treatment as Prevention for Men Who Have Sex With Men: Systematic Evaluation.

Background Knowledge and uptake of high-efficacy HIV prevention strategies such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and treatment as prevention (TasP) remain low among men who have sex with men (MSM) who are at the highest risk for HIV infection in the United States. Electronic health (eHealth) interventions are promising tools for disseminating information about these critical yet underutilized strategies and addressing key barriers to uptake among target populations. However, existing HIV prevention websites are understudied and unevaluated. Objective This study aimed to systematically review and evaluate existing HIV websites that include information about PrEP or TasP for MSM. Methods From March 2018 to May 2018, 2 trained research assistants (RAs) entered relevant key words and phrases into 3 commonly used search engines and applied exclusion criteria to all returned results to identify 31 websites included in this review. RAs independently scored each website for authority, usability, interactivity, and PrEP/TasP-related content based on a standardized rating scale and then averaged the results. Results No website received a perfect score in any of the 4 categories, and the average website score was 62% (37/60). Less than a quarter of the websites (23%, 7/31) received a score of more than 75% (7.5/10) for content. Approximately two-thirds of the websites (65%, 20/31) received a score of 50% (5/10) or lower for interactivity. The average score in usability was 68% (6.8/10) and in authority was 69% (6.9/10). Other deficiencies observed included difficulty locating relevant content and lack of information targeting audiences with the highest likelihood of HIV infection. Conclusions Existing HIV prevention websites with information about PrEP or TasP for MSM fail to provide adequate content as well as present that content to users in an interactive and audience-conscious way. Future eHealth interventions should attempt to rectify these deficiencies to successfully engage and educate MSM at high risk for HIV regarding prevention strategies.
Machine Learning With K-Means Dimensional Reduction for Predicting Survival Outcomes in Patients With Breast Cancer:

Objective:Despite existing prognostic markers, breast cancer prognosis remains a difficult subject due to the complex relationships between many contributing factors and survival. This study seeks ...
A simple method to monitor hepatic gluconeogenesis and triglyceride synthesis following oral sugar tolerance test in obese adolescents

Hepatic energy metabolism is a key element in many metabolic diseases. Hepatic anaplerosis provides carbons for gluconeogenesis (GNG) and triglyceride (TG) synthesis. We aimed to optimize a protoco...
Different techniques of administering FDG for clinical PET imaging

2609 Objectives To administer FDG to patients undergoing clinical PET exams in such a way that is appropriate to the patient and does not negatively impact the overall quality of the study. Methods In our years of acquiring PET studies we have found that the administration of FDG must sometimes be altered to accomodate patient situations. Each of the unique situations comes with its own set of problems, and artifacts which must be taken into consideration before deciding to use that technique. The most common and accepted way of administering FDG is intravenously through a patent established upper extremity arm vein. This involves an i.v. established with normal saline running for 5-10 minutes before the injection of FDG. Alternative methods we use include a temporary small gauge butterfly needle, administration of FDG through an indwelling catheter (Port, Hickman etc) and oral administration of FDG. Results The following problems and possible artificats should be taken into consideration for each of the our techniques: Standard i.v.: infiltrated dose which can affect SUV values and injection site in the field of view resulting in a hot spot on the images. Temporary butterfly injection: infiltrated dose, tracking or sticking of the FDG in the superficial vein often caused by not being able to follow injection with significant flush, size of the vein and poor circulation. Indwelling catheters: FDG adhering to the catheter, introduction of clots at time of injection, and infiltrated dose. Oral administration of FDG changes the biodistribution pattern of the FDG, SUV values for this adminstration technique are not established, care should be taken to avoid this technique in known or suspected cases of head and neck, abdominal and pelvic disease. Conclusions Having multiple techniques available for the administration of FDG can allow a site to tailor the study to the patient9s needs and still provide a high quality, diagnostic exam to the referring physicain
Metals coprecipitation with barite: Nano-XRF observation of enhanced strontium incorporation

Coprecipitation can be an effective treatment method for the removal of environmentally relevant metals from industrial wastewaters such as produced waters from the oil and gas industry. The precipitation of barite, BaSO4, through the addition of sulfate removes barium while coprecipitating strontium and other alkaline earth metals even when these are present at concentrations below their solubility limit. Among other analytical methods, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) nanospectroscopy at the Hard X-ray Nanoprobe (HXN) beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) was used to quantify Sr incorporation into barite. Thermodynamic modeling of (Ba,Sr)SO4 solid solutions was done using solid solution-aqueous solution (SS-AS) theory. The quantitative, high-resolution nano-XRF data show clearly that the Sr content in (Ba,Sr)SO4 solid solutions varies widely among particles and even within a single particle. We observed substantial Sr incorporation that is far larger than thermodynamic models predict, likely indicating the formation of metastable solid solutions. We also observed that increasing barite supersaturation of the aqueous phase led to increased Sr incorporation, as predicted by available kinetic models. These results suggest that coprecipitation offers significant potential for designing treatment systems for aqueous metals' removal in desired metastable compositions. Solution conditions may be optimized to enhance the incorporation of Sr by increasing sulfate addition such that the barite saturation index remains above ∼3 or by increasing the aqueous Sr to Ba ratio.
CP- DSSS: A Novel Waveform for Multiple Access in IoT

Cyclic prefix direct sequence spread spectrum (CP-DSSS) is a novel waveform that positions itself well as a secondary network to relieve the congested wireless spectrum. The underlying structure of CP-DSSS allows for efficient and effective multiaccess capabilities through frequency and time division schemes. The sum-rate capacity of the system is maximized when the spectrum is divided and allocated to users with the best signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio for the given channel slice. We propose an algorithm for dividing and allocating portions of the spectrum to multiple users with the final goal of maximizing the sum-rate capacity of the network. We also propose and develop a precoding/equalization technique that reduces the length of the channel impulse response. This, when used along with a matched filter detector, leads to a noticeable improvement in the sum-rate capacity of the network.
Solving the ME/CFS criteria and name conundrum: the aftermath of IOM

In 2015, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) proposed a new name and set of clinical criteria for what had previously been referred to as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). Th...
Validity of patient-reported outcomes to describe the symptom experience of patients enrolled on phase I clinical trials.

12107Background: Symptoms are common among patients enrolled in phase I trials. To integrate the patient perspective, the National Cancer Institute developed a patient-reported outcomes version of ...
Determining the optimal group rate in the hotel industry

This paper aims to develop an analytical model that prescribes the optimal group rate for hotel group business. Theoretically, this paper fills two gaps in the literature by proposing a model that determines the optimal, not minimum, group rates while considering competing bids. The simulation results show that the optimal group rate is positively affected by the forecasted transient rate and the effect is contingent on the forecasted transient demand. Furthermore, the optimal rate is moderated by group size with respect to both internal (expected transient demand and transient rate) and external (competition) factors respectively.
Abstract 17211: Targeting Mitogen-Activated Kinase Alleviates Free Heme-Induced Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction and Vascular Leakage in Lungs

Introduction: Several studies confirm that free heme in circulation due to hemolysis causes endothelial barrier dysfunction. We recently demonstrated that hemolysis-induced vascular leakage with ba...
1343. Clinical Outcome of Penicillin Skin Testing as an Antimicrobial Stewardship Initiative in the pre-surgical clinic in a community hospital

Background Penicillin (PCN) allergy is a serious adverse reaction that prevents use of first line therapy. 10% of the population reports a PCN allergy, however less than 1% is truly allergic. Elimination of false allergies significantly impacts patient’s lives and decreases antimicrobial resistance and cost. Penicillin Skin Testing (PST) is a tool to support antimicrobial stewardship (ASP) and to optimize allergy de-labeling. The goal of this pilot study was to implement a pharmacy-nurse driven PST service in the outpatient pre-surgical clinic in a community hospital and to assess the impact of PST on the usage of vancomycin as the pre-op prophylaxis agent.
Surface osteosarcoma: Predictors of outcomes

Background and objectives The subtypes of surface osteosarcomas include well-differentiated, low-grade parosteal osteosarcoma (POS), intermediate-grade periosteal osteosarcoma (PerOS), high-grade surface osteosarcoma (HGSO), and high-grade, dedifferentiated POS (dPOS). We aimed to determine disease progression, defined as local recurrence and metastatic disease, and overall (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). We identify outcome predictive factors and report functional results. Methods This retrospective study evaluated patients with primary surface osteosarcoma at our hospital from 1992 to 2019. Fifty-one patients had a median follow-up of 6.1 years (range: 0.1-25.2). Histologic subtypes included 32 POS, 11 PerOS, 4 HGSO, and 3 dPOS. Bone and soft tissue margins were classified using the American Joint Committee on Cancer residual tumor classification (Rx = Not evaluable; R0 = negative margin; R1 = microscopic positive margin; and R2 = macroscopic positive margin) and the modified R classification (mRx = not evaluable; mR0 = negative margin >1 mm; mR1 = negative margin ≤1 mm; mR1-dir: Positive microscopic margin locally; mR2a: Positive macroscopic margin locally; mR2b: positive macroscopic margin distally; and mR2C: positive macroscopic margin locally and distally). Forty-one patients had functional outcomes. Results Three POS patients developed recurrence: two had R0 margins and one an intralesional resection. Five patients developed lung metastases (POS: 3, dPOS: 2). Four patients died. The only significant disease progression predictor was age. OS at 10 years was 97%. 48 patients had negative bone margins (R0 or mR0 and mR1) and 47 patients had negative soft-tissue margins (R0 or mR0 and mR1). The average MSTS score was 88.43 (range: 34.29-100). Conclusions We advocate surgery for POS and believe R0 (mR0 and mR1 resections) or planned R1 (mR1-dir) to preserve function are acceptable. We favor chemotherapy and surgery for PerOS, though a chemotherapeutic response is highly variable. High-grade tumors are the most infrequent subtype, but HGSO and dPOS seem to portend a poorer prognosis. Good function can be obtained.
A Unique Mechanism of Acute Ischemic Stroke in a Patient Presenting with Pseudo-Pseudo Meigs’ Syndrome Secondary to Systemic Lupus Erythematous (4573)

Objective: To advance knowledge about a unique mechanism of stroke in patients with systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). Background: SLE is a known risk factor for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. Several mechanisms are proposed for the pathophysiology of lupus-related ischemic strokes, including accelerated atherosclerosis, immune complex-mediated endothelial injury and vasculopathy, and thrombogenicity related to presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. We present a patient with a rare protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) and pseudo-pseudo Meigs’ syndrome (PPMS) with an elevated CA-125 level, ascites, pericardial and pleural effusions secondary to SLE. The severe protein loss results in a coagulopathic protein deficiency and subsequent ischemic stroke. Design/Methods: 62-year-old lady with relevant past medical history of breast cancer status post lumpectomy, radiation, and chemotherapy on anastrozole for chronic suppression and SLE, presented with worsening confusion and aphasia. She was found having an acute left middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke with a large amount of territory at risk, in the setting of a left common carotid artery thrombus. She underwent an endovascular thrombectomy. Extensive stroke workup ensued which revealed a CSF protein of 830.3 and evidence of an acute lupus flare. After ruling out other stroke etiologies and hypercoagulable states, the likely etiology was determined to be secondary to her rare condition of PLE and PPMS with resultant coagulopathic protein deficiency. Over the course of 11 days, patient’s condition improved. Secondary stroke prevention was maintained by treating the underlying SLE. Results: N/A Conclusions: Here we present a case of clinical Meigs’ syndrome without having an underlying pelvic malignancy and PLE secondary to lupus. There have only been few case reports in literature with association of SLE and PPMS. Equally uncommon is presentation of an adult with PLE secondary to lupus. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first case report of a unique mechanism of ischemic stroke in patients with lupus. Disclosure: Dr. Patel has nothing to disclose. Dr. Shepherd has nothing to disclose.
Gerontological nursing competencies: a crosswalk with the 4Ms framework of the age-friendly initiative.

The Age-friendly Health Systems Initiative is a current multidisciplinary movement driving quality improvement across all health care settings. The 4Ms framework (What Matters, Medication, Mobility, and Mentation) provides a common evidence-based language and system of care that can be utilized by all health care providers. Faculty of one nursing program were interested in knowing whether the principles and language of the 4Ms framework align well with the current competencies used to guide undergraduate and beginning level practice for nurses. To answer this question, a crosswalk of curricular and competency guidelines for gerontological nursing was completed to identify how well the competencies aligned with the key concepts of the evidence-based 4Ms framework. Key findings of this crosswalk are being shared with educators for the purpose of describing a systematic way to ensure that the 4Ms are integrated into gerontological curricula and course design. The steps taken to complete the crosswalk are described to guide educators across all disciplines interested in creating curricula that will adequately prepare students to be collaborative partners and leaders in Age-friendly Health Systems.
Analysis of COVID-19 Infection and Mortality Among Patients With Psychiatric Disorders, 2020.

Importance People with major psychiatric disorders are more likely to have comorbidities associated with worse outcomes of COVID-19. This fact alone could determine greater vulnerability of people with major psychiatric disorders to COVID-19. Objective To assess the odds of testing positive for and mortality from COVID-19 among and between patients with schizophrenia, mood disorders, anxiety disorders and a reference group in a large national database. Design, setting, and participants This cross-sectional study used an electronic health record data set aggregated from many national sources in the United States and licensed from Optum with current and historical data on patients tested for COVID-19 in 2020. Three psychiatric cohorts (patients with schizophrenia, mood disorders, or anxiety disorders) were compared with a reference group with no major psychiatric conditions. Statistical analysis was performed from March to April 2021. Exposure The exposures observed include lab-confirmed positivity for COVID-19 and mortality. Main outcomes and measures The odds of testing positive for COVID-19 in 2020 and the odds of death from COVID-19 were measured. Results The population studied included 2 535 098 unique persons, 3350 with schizophrenia, 26 610 with mood disorders, and 18 550 with anxiety disorders. The mean (SD) age was 44 (23) years; 233 519 were non-Hispanic African American, 1 583 440 were non-Hispanic Caucasian; and 1 580 703 (62%) were female. The schizophrenia cohort (positivity rate: 9.86%; adjusted OR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.84-0.97]) and the mood disorder cohort (positivity rate: 9.86%; adjusted OR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.87-0.99]) had a significantly lower rate of positivity than the anxiety disorder cohort (positivity rate: 11.17%; adjusted OR, 1.05 [95% CI, 0.98-1.12) which was closer to the reference group (11.91%). After fully adjusting for demographic factors and comorbid conditions, patients with schizophrenia were nearly 4 times more likely to die from the disease than the reference group (OR, 3.74; 95% CI, 2.66-5.24). The mood disorders COVID-19 cohort had a 2.76 times greater odds of mortality than the reference group (OR, 2.76; 95% CI, 2.00-3.81), and the anxiety disorders cohort had a 2.39 times greater odds of mortality than the reference group (OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.68-3.27). Conclusions and relevance By examining a large database while controlling for multiple confounding factors such as age, race and ethnicity, and comorbid medical conditions, the present study found that patients with schizophrenia had much increased odds of mortality by COVID-19.
Treatment of the Prostate in the Presence of Metastases: Lessons from Other Solid Tumors

[1_TD$DIFF]Any intelligent oncologist will readily admit that the mainstay of curative treatment for virtually all of the solid tumors when they are not metastatic is surgery. With a few exceptions, the medical and radiation oncologists generally provide adjunctive treatments to improve the local control or cure rates—not unimportant functions but still not central roles in the cure of the cancer patient. In contrast, when patients present with metastatic disease or when recurrenceoccursandcure isno longerpossible, the surgeons pass the patient along to the medical and radiation oncologists and have limited roles in disease management thereafter. Except in a few solid tumors for which randomized trials have demonstrated survival benefits for surgery despite presentation with metastatic disease, we intuitively do not expect long-term benefit from surgical management of the primary tumor when metastases are already present. There are a few noteworthy exceptions. Surgical removal of the primary lesion despite the presence of metastatic disease has long-term benefits for patients with renal cell carcinoma: Two randomized trials demonstrated that radical nephrectomy improves survival in patients treated initiallywith interferon formetastatic disease [1,2]. Survival of patients with stage III ovarian cancer is improved by maximal tumor debulking, leaving only small-diameter tumor nodules for chemotherapy [3]. Roughly 70% of patients who present with stage IV colorectal cancer undergo primary tumor resection; this is not based on randomized trials or other observational evidence but nonetheless is common clinical practice. Although metastasectomy for cure in colorectal cancer is
Potential Mass Reduction and Material Cost Penalties of Body Panels with Alternate Materials

This paper describes alternate material designs of body panels for a front-wheel drive compact car. The results identify the potential mass savings and the corresponding material cost penalties for all the body panels when composite materials suitable for high-volume production (glass-SMC and carbon-SMC) and aluminum are substituted for mild steel.
Effect of irradiation mode on the microstructure of self-ion irradiated ferritic-martensitic alloys

Abstract The microstructures of ferritic-martensitic alloys HT9 and T91 were characterized following 5 MeV Fe ++ ion irradiation to 140 displacements per atom (dpa) at 440 °C with either a raster-scanned or defocused beam. Alloys were pre-implanted with 0–100 appm He and then subjected to either a raster-scanned beam or a defocused beam. Relative to the defocused beam, a raster-scanned beam suppressed microstructural evolution, evidenced by decreased diameter and number densities of voids, loop and precipitates, which lead to decreased void swelling, precipitate volume fraction and total dislocation loop line density. These results were consistent with the Fully Dynamic Rate Theory (FDRT) model which predicts that raster-scanning should lead to a decrease in defect population and suppression of nucleation and growth processes.
Superfluid Thermodynamic Transport Limits for Liquid Helium II

Recent advances in liquid He II technology pose questions concerning the utilization of “superphenomena.” In particular, it is useful to know the transport conditions that separate classical flow (with large flow resistances) from nonclassical phenomena (with small or entirely negligible resistances). The purpose of the present investigation, therefore, is a thermodynamic evaluation of the critical flow rates at the initiation of observable flow resistance (upper stability limit at which superfluidity becomes thermodynamically unstable). The critical flow rate is evaluated on the basis of the modified (Gorter-Casimir) two-fluid model [1] and the extended theory of second-order phase transitions [2,3] The comparison with experiment shows that in general the thermodynamic critical rate is an upper bound to experimental data which approach the limit closely when T → T λ. Good agreement also is obtained for specific geometries in a limited temperature range below the λ-point
Abnormalities of sexual development; observations from 75 cases.

A series of 75 patients with abnormalities of sexual development is presented and summarized. Twenty-eight of these patients had manifestations based on a hormonal disturbance, the adreno-genital syndrome. In the remaining 47, there was no evidence of a hormonal imbalance. A classification is given which we have found useful. While the various abnormalities might seem to present a wide variety of deformities, we have felt that placing subjects into rather well-defined groups gives a clearer picture of the methods of therapy which are available for each of them. Of the 75 children, 6 were true hermaphrodites and were proved to have gonads of both sexes. The remaining 69 have been called "pseudohermaphrodites" to indicate that while some parts of the sexual apparatus simulated those of the opposite sex in reality the gonads in each individual were of only 1 sex. From the experience gained in dealing with these 75 children, it has become quite clear that cases of sexual abnormality are handled with the greatest facility and with least disturbance to child and family if the investigations are made in infancy. Then the best plan for handling the case thereafter can be formulated promptly and most intelligently. Adequate study of sexual abnormalities, excepting those in which there is a definite and readily identifiable adrenogenital syndrome, requires pelvic laparotomy to acquire the necessary information. Exploration under general anesthesia can be carried out even in the early days of life with safety and satisfaction. Methods for treating and managing cases in the various groups are briefly outlined.
Messy learning environments: busy hands and less engaged minds

In an environment where learners are engrossed in highly interactive and fun hands-on activities, how do we get their minds as engaged as their hands? We have found that busy hands help sustain learners' motivation and interest but can distract their minds from doing the necessary reflection on their actions. This paper and the accompanying poster describe conditions and affordances of media and prompts that focus and encourage distracted learners reflection.
Mechanism of canavanine death in Escherichia coli: II. Membrane-bound canavanyl-protein and nuclear disruption

Abstract Electron microscopy of canavanine-grown Escherichia coli demonstrates two profound changes in intracellular organization. First, two to eight large electrondense bodies are found attached to the cell membrane. These canavanineinduced bodies have been isolated from the cells and shown to have an irregular, amorphous structure with pieces of cell membrane attached to them. Second, extensive physical disruption of the nuclear region is observed in cells grown with canavanine under conditions that produce death. More than 70% of the canavanyl-protein formed is attached to the heavy cell fraction containing the canavanine-induced bodies; they are largely protein in nature, and their amino acid composition is similar to that of total E. coli protein except that canavanine replaces most of the arginine. A canavanine-resistant mutant of an arginine auxotroph of E. coli is described. This mutant incorporates canavanine into protein but it remains viable in the presence of 1 mg/ml. of l -canavanine, and can subsequently produce bacteriophage upon T4 infection. Electron micrographs of this mutant show the presence of the canavanine-induced bodies, but the nuclear region remains intact. Our results suggest that the lethal action of l -canavanine involves incorporation of this analog into membrane-bound protein(s) that interrupts the normal organization and functioning of the E. coli genome.