cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Precise half-life measurement of the superallowed β + emitter 46 V

The half-life of ${}^{46}$V has been measured to be 422.66(6) ms, which is a factor of two more precise than the best previous measurement. Our result is also consistent with the previous measurements, with no repeat of the disagreement recently encountered with ${Q}_{\mathrm{EC}}$ values measured for the same transition. The $\mathcal{F}t$ value for the ${}^{46}$V superallowed transition, incorporating all world data, is determined to be 3074.1(26) s, a result consistent with the average $\overline{\mathcal{F}t}$ value of 3072.08(79) s established from the 13 best-known superallowed transitions.
Serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT3 receptors in an impulsive-aggressive phenotype.

In adult male hamsters, individual differences in offensive aggression are correlated with differences in impulsive choice and decreased serotonin (5-HT) innervation. As serotonin 1A (5-HT 1A ) receptors participate in the inhibition of aggression, whereas 5-HT 3 receptor activation facilitates aggression, the authors hypothesized that differences in their expression are associated with differences in behavior. The authors confirmed previous behavioral associations, using a delay-discounting paradigm with various delays, as high-aggression (H-Agg) hamsters preferred the immediate-reward lever over the delayed-reward lever under most delays, compared with low-aggression (L-Agg) hamsters. Although the authors observed a greater density of 5-HT 1A receptor immunoreactivity in H-Agg hamsters within several areas, it appears to be related to a lack of serotonin release, as supported by further observations of decreased immunoreactive perikarya and 5-HT 1A receptors in fluoxetine-treated hamsters. Also, 5-HT 3 receptor density was greater in H-Agg hamsters within select areas. The data indicate a convergence of impulsive and aggressive characteristics to one phenotype that is associated with various aspects of serotonin function, such as serotonin release and differential expression of 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 3 receptors.
The past and future of psychiatry and mental treatment in Japan from the standpoint of clinical psychiatry

In the early 1950s, there was a serious shortage of hospital beds for mentally ill subjects in Japan, i.e., 30,000 in number as compared to 570,000 in the USA. Plans to supply sufficient beds achieved the goal of providing 280,000 beds in 1975. There were, however, a number of hospitals that fell short of medical and ethical standards, and invited severe criticism. To reconcile the situation, new laws and regulations were introduced to promote many projects for treating patients in the community through social welfare service. Day care institutions and outpatient mental clinics have increased markedly in recent years. Therapeutic measures for mental patients have changed dramatically in the last half of the 20th century, since the discovery of the anti-psychotic effect of chlorpromazine. A great number of psychotropic drugs, some produced in Japan, have been used routinely in psychiatric practice. In the same period of time, many kinds of psychotherapies, some originating in Japan such as the Morita and naikan therapies, have been developed for the relief of various psychological distresses. The diagnosis and classification of mental illnesses have long suffered from uncertainty and discrepancy, even among eminent psychiatrists. The publication of DSM-III in 1980, followed by DSM-III-R and IV and ICD-10, provided professional staff with practical manuals for making diagnoses of mental disorders, and for classifying them using common technical terms. These diagnostic criteria contributed greatly to the development of clinical and basic research in psychiatry. However, it should be noted that no manuals can replace textbooks and writings made available by elaborate studies.
Dance/Teaching/Research: The Practice of Living (2015)

In her transition from a long professional career in dance education and research to an unknown future, the author questions, “How do we create what we will become out of what we have been?” She finds that the significant life roles in her past have not so much been abandoned but rather transformed into the person she is becoming in the next phase of her life. In this essay, she shares reflections on how her life in dance became part of her teaching, how both became incorporated into her understanding of research, and how all are related to the larger project of living.
Image Data Compression and Noisy Channel Error Correction Using Deep Neural Network

Abstract Everyday an enormous amount of information is stored, processed and transmitted digitally around the world. Neural Networks have been rapidly developed and researched as a solution to image processing tasks and channel error correction control. This paper presents a deep neural network (DNN) for gray image compression and a fault-tolerant transmission system with channel error-correction capabilities. First, a DNN implemented with the Levenberg-Marguardt learning algorithm is proposed for image compression. We demonstrate experimentally that our DNN not only provides better quality reconstructed images but also less computational capacity compared to DCT Zonal coding, DCT Threshold coding, Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) and Gaussian Pyramid. Secondly, a DNN with improved channel error-correction rate is proposed. The experimental results indicate that our implemented network provides a superior error-correction ability by transmitting binary images over the noisy channel using Hamming and Repeat-Accumulate coding. Meanwhile, the network's storage requirement is 64 times less than the Hamming coding and 62 times less than the Repeat-Accumulate coding.
Anesthetic Concerns in the MR Environment

Magnetic resonance (MR) is used increasingly for therapeutic procedures as well as diagnostic scans. There is also a parallel increase in the use of anesthesia for these procedures and the scans. Static, gradient, and radiofrequency fields pose several challenges when providing anesthetic support in the MR environment. Training in and knowledge of these effects are necessary to provide safe anesthetic care. This is of utmost importance when an emergent clinical situation develops, where the patient needs to be taken care of, and where the potential harmful effects of MR must be avoided.
Physical Education Teacher Change: Initial Validation of the Teacher Change Questionnaire-Physical Education

ABSTRACTProgram satisfaction, self-efficacy to change, and willingness to change, are dispositions that influence physical education teacher change. The study purpose was to validate an instrument measuring program satisfaction, self-efficacy to change, and willingness to change relative to teachers’ likelihood to change. A 15-item Teacher Change Questionnaire-Physical Education was completed by 2,233 physical educators (50.2% female, 16.98 years experience ± 10.10). Exploratory factor analysis indicated a three factor structure of the Teacher Change Questionnaire-Physical Education (program satisfaction [= 5.4, = 0.82], self-efficacy to change [= 1.8, = 0.85], willingness to change [= 1.3, = 0.70]), and a fourth factor, related to likelihood to change (= 3.9, = 0.85). Confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling affirmed factor structure, instrument validity, and evaluated the hypothesis that decreases in program satisfaction and increases in self-efficacy to change and willingness to c...
Down-regulation of Pdcd4 is sufficient to promote colon tumor cell invasion

2163 Progression of benign tumor into invasive carcinoma is a major cause of death in the cancer patients. Understanding the mechanism of colorectal cancer invasion/metastasis will improve the treatment for colon cancer patients. Programmedcell death 4 (Pdcd4) is a novel tumor suppressor, which inhibits TPA-induced transformation and tumor phenotype in mouse epidermal JB6 cells. Recently, overexpression of pdcd4 cDNA in invasive colon tumor cell, RKO cell, significantly reduces invasion ability in Matrigel invasion assays and intravasation ability in chicken embryo metastasis assays. In addition, Pdcd4 transgenic mice that overexpress Pdcd4 in the epidermis show significant reductions in DMBA/TPA induced skin papilloma formation, carcinoma incidence, and papilloma-carcinoma conversion frequency. These findings suggest that Pdcd4 suppresses carcinogenesis not only at an early stage (tumor promotion) but also at a late stage (tumor progression) in both cultured cells and transgenic mice. Pdcd4 expression is down-regulated in several types of human cancer including lung, liver, pancreas, and ovary cancers. Most importantly, a higher pdcd4 protein level correlates with a good prognosis in lung cancer patients, suggesting that elevating the expression of Pdcd4 may prolong the survival of patients. However, it is unknown whether down-regulation of Pdcd4 expression is sufficient to promote tumor development. In this study, we analyzed 86 colon tumor and adjacent normal tissues and found that Pdcd4 expression in colon tumor tissues is down-regulated. In addition, the Pdcd4 protein level in the invasive colon tumor cells is lower than that in the non-invasive colon tumor cells. These findings suggest that Pdcd4 regulates colon tumor progression. To test the role of Pdcd4 in colon tumor progression, we knocked down Pdcd4 expression in non-invasive colon tumor cells by Lentiviral system delivered shRNA. We found that Pdcd4 knock-down triggered fibroblast-like morphological changes and induced cell migration. Moreover, Pdcd4 knock-down cells show increased invasion by Matrigel invasion assay. To investigate the molecular events involved in the down-regulation of Pdcd4 in colon tumor cells, we performed a series of Western blot, immunofluorescent staining and transient transfections analyses. We found that knock-down Pdcd4 expression stimulates the translocation of β-catenin into nuclei and activates β-catenin dependent transcription. These results indicate that knock-down Pdcd4 expression activates Wnt signal pathway. These findings provide an underlying mechanism by which Pdcd4 functions in colorectal tumor invasion, since deregulation of Wnt signaling pathway has been found in the majority of colorectal cancer patients.
Sensorimotor and executive function slowing in anesthesiology residents after overnight shifts.

Abstract Study objective Medical residents working overnight call shifts experience sleep deprivation and circadian clock disruption. This leads to deficits in sensorimotor function and increases in workplace accidents. Using quick tablet-based tasks, we investigate whether measureable executive function differences exist following a single overnight call versus routine shift, and whether factors like stress, rest and caffeine affect these measures. Design A prospective, observational, longitudinal, comparison study was conducted. Setting An academic tertiary hospital's main operating room suite staffed by attending anesthesiologists, anesthesiology residents, anesthesiologist assistants and nurse anesthetists. Patients Subjects were 30 anesthesiology residents working daytime shifts and 30 peers working overnight call shifts from the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. Interventions Before and after their respective work shifts, residents completed the Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) and the ProPoint and AntiPoint tablet-based tasks. These latter tasks are designed to measure sensorimotor and executive functions, respectively. Measurements The SSS is a self-reported measure of sleepiness. Response times (RTs) are measured in the pointing tasks. Main results Call residents exhibited increased RTs across their shifts (post–pre) on both ProPoint ( p =0.002) and AntiPoint ( p p =0.007), but with greater increases in sleepiness for Call residents ( p p Conclusions These results indicate that (1) overnight Call residents demonstrate both sensorimotor and cognitive slowing compared to routine daytime shift residents, (2) sensorimotor slowing is greater in overnight Call residents who drink caffeine habitually, and (3) increased stress during a shift reduces (improves) cognitive RTs during routine daytime but not overnight call shifts.
Transit network models with rectangular service zone revisit

AbstractTransit network design problem is an important issue for a metropolitan to operate his public bus system. Traffic models with a rectangular service zone can be useful for the first step, design of routes and the second step, setting of frequencies for a public transit planning process. Our improvement for solution approaches for three recently published papers, Yang et al. (2014), Tung et al. (2015) and Hung and Julianne (2015) will help researchers derive the optimal solution.
Safety and Efficacy of Fecal Microbiota Transplant for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection in Patients With Cancer Treated With Cytotoxic Chemotherapy: A Single-Institution Retrospective Case Series

Abstract Objective To study the safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in patients with cancer treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy in a single-institution retrospective case series. Patients and Methods Twenty-three consecutive patients with underlying hematologic (n=13) or solid (n=10) malignancies who underwent FMT for recurrent CDI from August 1, 2012, through June 30, 2016, were studied. Results All the patients had received cytotoxic chemotherapy a median of 12 months (range, 1-340 months) before FMT. Patients had experienced a median of 4 (range, 2-9) CDI episodes and had been treated with a median of 106 days (range, 42-495 days) of vancomycin, metronidazole, or fidaxomicin before FMT. Twelve patients (52%) had severe/severe-complicated CDI at some stage. Eight patients (35%) had active cancer and 5 (22%) had received chemotherapy within 12 weeks of FMT. Diarrhea resolved without recurrence within 60 days of FMT in all but 3 patients (13%) (all had negative C difficile results). Of the 22 patients who were alive 60 days or more after FMT, 11 (48%) underwent further chemotherapy and 10 (43%) received more antibiotics. Two patients (9%) developed recurrent CDI 14 and 22 months after FMT. One death occurred 5 days after FMT as a result of cardiac arrest unrelated to FMT. There were no other severe adverse events and no infectious complications directly attributable to FMT. Conclusion This series demonstrates that FMT is a highly effective and safe therapeutic option for multiply recurrent CDI in patients with cancer treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy.
A modified bow-tie antenna for contact-based heartbeats detection applications

In this communication, a modified bow-tie antenna is proposed and its impedance characteristics are investigated both numerically and experimentally for body-contact heartbeat detection applications. The proposed antenna consists of a bow-tie structure, a pair of T-shaped loading and stubs. The antenna parameters and body effects on the impedance bandwidth of the antenna are presented and discussed. The antenna has a bandwidth of 92% for voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) less than 2. By considering the electrical properties of the human tissue, the antenna bandwidth is highly enhanced because the penetration electromagnetic wave is absorbed by the human body. Such a wide band antenna can be used in body-contact radar for heartbeat detection to improve the microwave imaging resolution.
de Haas–van Alphen and Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations in R AgSb 2 ( R = Y , La-Nd, Sm)

de Haas--van Alphen and Shubnikov--de Haas oscillations have been used to study the Fermi surface of the simple tetragonal $R{\mathrm{AgSb}}_{2}$ series of compounds with $R=\mathrm{Y},$ La-Nd, and Sm. The high quality of the flux-grown single crystals, coupled with very small extremal cross sections of Fermi surface, allow the observation of quantum oscillations at modest fields $(Hl30\mathrm{kG})$ and high temperatures (up to 25 K in ${\mathrm{SmAgSb}}_{2}$). For $H\ensuremath{\parallel}c,$ the effective masses, determined from the temperature dependence of the amplitudes, are quite small, typically between 0.07 and ${0.5m}_{0}.$ The topology of the Fermi surface was determined from the angular dependence of the frequencies for $R=\mathrm{Y},$ La, and Sm. In ${\mathrm{SmAgSb}}_{2},$ antiferromagnetic ordering below 8.8 K is shown to dramatically alter the Fermi surface. For ${\mathrm{LaAgSb}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{CeAgSb}}_{2},$ the effect of applied hydrostatic pressure on the frequencies was also studied. Finally, the experimental data were compared to the Fermi surface calculated within the tight-binding linear muffin-tin orbital approximation. Overall, the calculated electronic structure was found to be consistent with the experimental data.
Release Criteria and Other Radiation Safety Considerations for Radionuclide Therapy

Historically, nuclear medicine has been largely a diagnostic specialty, utilizing relatively low administered activities to obtain important diagnostic information whose benefits far outweigh the small potential risk associated with the attendant low normal-tissue radiation doses to the patient. Doses and risks to members of the patient’s household and other individuals encountering the patient are, of course, far lower—to the point that medical confinement of and other regulatory restrictions on diagnostic nuclear medicine patients are entirely unnecessary. However, by incorporation of appropriate radionuclides in appropriately large amounts into target tissue-avid radiopharmaceuticals, a sufficiently high radiation dose may be delivered to produce a therapeutic response in tumor or other target tissues. And radionuclide therapy—most notably, radioiodine treatment of thyroid diseases such as hyperthyroidism and differentiated thyroid cancer—has long proven to be effective and safe for patients and for individuals around the patient. With the approval of the Texas State Department of Health, for example, Allen and Zelenski prospectively treated 430 home-bound outpatients over 30 years with 30–400 mCi of iodine-131 and reported that there was no demonstrable health hazard to family members or the general public [1]. Nonetheless, concerns persist regarding stochastic radiogenic risks (i.e., carcinogenesis and germ cell mutagenesis) to individuals incidentally irradiated by radionuclide-treated patients. Such concerns have led governmental authorities worldwide to establish regulatory criteria for the release of radionuclide therapy patients from medical confinement, until 1997 1,110 MBq (30 mCi) of iodine-131 (131I) in the United States but as low as 74 MBq (2 mCi) in some European countries [2–7]. To optimize clinical efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and accessibility to 131I and other radionuclide therapies and their benefits, such regulations must be based on sound dosimetric and radiobiologic principles and available relevant data. In the 1990s, major regulatory changes were implemented in the United States by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) regarding release from medical confinement of patients who have received therapeutic amounts of radioactivity [6, 7]. Most notably, release may now be based on the projected effective dose equivalent to individuals exposed to radioactive patients rather than retained activity, thus allowing consideration of patient-specific kinetic and dosimetric data and other patient-specific factors.
Orientation Studies of Polyurethane Block Polymers

Recent results from orientation studies on polyurethane block polymers are presented. Birefringence measurements are of limited value in the study of multiphase systems because of the importance of non-orientational sources of birefringence. However, both conventional and differential infrared dichroism are very useful methods. The application of these techniques in the study of orientation mechanisms, orientation hysteresis, and time dependent orientation processes are discussed and illustrated with pertinent results.
Restructuring Local School Wellness Policies: Amending the Kids Act to Fight Childhood Obesity

Childhood obesity is a major problem plaguing the United States. Over one-third of children are overweight, and there is little indication that this trend will reverse in the near future. The federal government has attempted to combat childhood obesity through the National School Lunch Act, which regulates the quality of foods federally subsidized schools may serve to children, and provides broad goals for physical activity. These basic goals leave extensive room for states to implement different standards, and they are not sufficient to effectively confront the childhood obesity problem. This Note proposes amendments to the National School Lunch Act that increase the requirements for physical activity for schools participating in the National School Lunch Program. By raising the standards and forcing schools to increase actual physical activity among children, the United States can begin to take strides in the right direction to combat childhood obesity.
Multiweek Prediction Skill Assessment of Arctic Sea Ice Variability in the CFSv2

AbstractSkillful Arctic Sea ice prediction is becoming increasingly important because of its societal, industrial, and economic impacts over the polar regions and potential influence on lower-latit...
Abstract WP225: Similar Outcomes for Patients Treated With Off-Label vs On-Label Tissue Plasminogen Activator via Telestroke

Introduction: As acute ischemic stroke (AIS) management via Telestroke (TS) increases and the inclusion criteria for tPA expands, it is crucial to evaluate the long term outcomes of patients treate...
Diffusion tractography of the rat knee at microscopic resolution.

Purpose To evaluate whole knee joint tractography, including articular cartilage, ligaments, meniscus, and growth plate using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) at microscopic resolution. Methods Three rat knee joints were scanned using a modified 3D diffusion-weighted spin echo pulse sequence with 90- and 45-μm isotropic spatial resolution at 9.4T. The b values varied from 250 to 1250 s/mm2 with 4 times undersampling in phase directions. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were compared at different spatial resolution and b values. Tractography was evaluated at multiple b values and angular resolutions in different connective tissues, and compared with conventional histology. The mean tract length and tract volume in various types of tissues were also quantified. Results DTI metrics (FA and MD) showed consistent quantitative results at 90- and 45-μm isotropic spatial resolutions. Tractography of various connective tissues was found to be sensitive to the spatial resolution, angular resolution, and diffusion weightings. Higher spatial resolution (45 μm) supported tracking the cartilage collagen fiber tracts from the superficial zone to the deep zone, in a continuous and smooth progression in the transitional zone. Fiber length and fiber volume in the growth plate were strongly dependent on angular resolution and b values, whereas tractography in ligaments was found to be less dependent on spatial resolution. Conclusion High spatial and angular resolution DTI and diffusion tractography can be valuable for knee joint research because of its visualization capacity for collagen fiber orientations and quantitative evaluation of tissue's microscopic properties.
Hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma in a patient with situs inversus totalis.

Abstract Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is a rare condition with left-right mirror imaging of both abdominal and thoracic organs. While this configuration is rarely of medical importance, an understanding of this unique anatomy is essential in the setting of surgical intervention. Here we review a case of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the setting of SIT. The patient underwent a hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. Pathology revealed pT3aNxMx Fuhrman Grade 2 clear cell RCC.
A new Lagrange multiplier approach for gradient flows

Abstract We propose a new Lagrange multiplier approach to design unconditional energy stable schemes for gradient flows. The new approach leads to unconditionally energy stable schemes that are as accurate and efficient as the recently proposed SAV approach (Shen, Xu, and Yang 2018), but enjoys two additional advantages: (i) schemes based on the new approach dissipate the original energy, as opposed to a modified energy in the recently proposed SAV approach (Shen, Xu, and Yang 2018);and (ii) they do not require the nonlinear part of the free energy to be bounded from below as is required in the SAV approach. The price we pay for these advantages is that a nonlinear algebraic equation has to be solved to determine the Lagrange multiplier. We present ample numerical results to validate the new approach, and, as a particular example of challenging applications, we consider a block copolymer (BCP)/coupled Cahn–Hilliard model, and carry out new and nontrivial simulations which are consistent with experiment results.
Landmark Technique vs Ultrasound-Guided Approach for Posterior Tibial Nerve Block in Cadaver Models

The use of ultrasound for peripheral nerve blocks has proven extremely useful for improving the accuracy and efficacy of many regional anesthetic techniques. There remain a few nerve blocks which have lagged behind in employing the assistance of ultrasound consistently, one of which is the ankle block. This block is commonly utilized for either surgical anesthesia or post-operative analgesia for a variety of foot and ankle procedures. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of traditional anatomical landmark-guided technique with an ultrasound-guided approach for ankle block by assessing the spread of injectate along the posterior tibial nerve (PTN) in cadaver models. Ten below-knee cadaver specimens were used for this study. Five were randomly chosen to undergo anatomical landmark-guided PTN blocks, and five were selected for ultrasound-guided PTN blocks. The anatomical landmark technique was performed by identifying the medial malleolus and Achilles tendon and inserting the needle (4 cm long, 21G Braun® Stimuplex) at the midpoint of the two structures, aiming toward the medial malleolus and advancing until bone was contacted. The ultrasound technique was performed with a linear probe identifying the medial malleolus and the PTN, with the needle subsequently advanced in-plane with a posterior to anterior trajectory until the tip was adjacent to the nerve. Each specimen was injected with 2 mL of acrylic dye. All the specimens were dissected following injection to determine which nerves had been successfully coated with dye. The PTN was successfully coated with dye in all five (100%) ultrasound-guided blocks. In the anatomical landmark group, two (40%) PTN were successfully coated with dye. Of the three unsuccessful attempts, two specimens were noted to have dye injected posterior to the PTN; dye was injected into the flexor digitorum longus tendon in one. The base of evidence has dramatically increased in recent years in support of the use of ultrasound in regional anesthesia. This study substantiates the superiority of ultrasound guidance for ankle block by demonstrating a 100% success rate of delivering a simulated nerve block to the correct anatomic location.
Synthesis of electrophilic N-heterocyclic carbenes based on azahelicene

Abstract Helical-chiral analogues of imidazopyridine-2-yilidene were synthesized from 2-aza[6]helicene. The energies of their frontier orbitals were analyzed by the density functional theory calculations. The exceedingly large extension of NHC’s π system by helicene annelation significantly enhanced the π electron-accepting properties of the carbene center while the strong σ electron-donating properties of imidazopyridine-2-yilidenes were retained.
Sum of squares conjecture: the monomial case in $$\mathbb {C}^3$$ C 3

The goal of this article is to prove the Sum of Squares Conjecture for real polynomials $$r(z,\bar{z})$$ on $$\mathbb {C}^3$$ with diagonal coefficient matrix. This conjecture describes the possible values for the rank of $$r(z,\bar{z}) \left\Vert {z} \right\Vert ^2$$ under the hypothesis that $$r(z,\bar{z})\left\Vert {z} \right\Vert ^2=\left\Vert {h(z)} \right\Vert ^2$$ for some holomorphic polynomial mapping h. Our approach is to connect this problem to the degree estimates problem for proper holomorphic monomial mappings from the unit ball in $$\mathbb {C}^2$$ to the unit ball in $$\mathbb {C}^k$$ . D’Angelo, Kos, and Riehl proved the sharp degree estimates theorem in this setting, and we give a new proof using techniques from commutative algebra. We then complete the proof of the Sum of Squares Conjecture in this case using similar algebraic techniques.
Benefits of delivering research podium presentations by students enrolled in pharmacy programs: A descriptive study.

Abstract Introduction Objectives include (1) To create an opportunity for students enrolled in pharmacy programs to enhance their presentation skills by delivering research podium presentations at a regional conference; (2) To probe students' experience about podium presentations at the inaugural American Association for the Advancement of Science Pacific Division (AAAS PD) – American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Students' Symposium; and (3) To introduce student pharmacists to science-oriented research. Methods The student presenters were asked to anonymously answer 15 questions before and after the symposium. Question topics included factual information about students' background and favorability perceptions about symposia. Scores were compared between pharmacy students and non-pharmacy students, and favorability ratings were compared before and after the symposium. Results Thirteen students delivered their podium presentations at the symposium entitled “Pharmaceutical Research and Development: From Bench to Patient-Centered Care” that was held in Pomona, California at the 99th Annual Meeting of the AAAS PD in 2018. Pharmacy and non-pharmacy students provided similar responses on favorability perceptions. Post-symposium perceptions were more favorable towards symposia compared to pre-symposium scores. Conclusions Favorability scores revealed a positive perception of the event and what it offered in terms of scientific benefits, networking opportunities, and enhancing soft skills. Participating students had the chance to (1) prepare and independently deliver a podium presentation on pharmacy-related research topics at a regional meeting; (2) network and learn from each other and professionals in the audience about pharmacy research; and (3) practice soft skills such as communication, time-management, teamwork, scientific writing, and presentation skills.
Methoxyl stable isotopic constraints on the origins and limits of coal-bed methane.

Microbial coal-bed methane is an important economic resource and source of a potent greenhouse gas, but controls on its formation are poorly understood. To test whether the microbial degradability ...
Game programming using the Allegro libraries

There are several different graphics libraries that can be used in developing a computer game. Allegro is one of these graphics libraries and is open-source and free to distribute along with programs that use it. The objective was to create games using this library. This library provides simple functions to draw basic shapes, text, and bitmap images. It also supports keyboard and mouse input and basic sound playing capability.
WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM SCHOOL-BASED EMOTIONAL DISTURBANCE ASSESSMENT PRACTICES? IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE AND PREPARATION IN SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY

The federal definition of emotional disturbance (ED) provides limited guidance to educational professionals charged with making Individuals with Disabilities in Education Improvement Act eligibility determinations. Despite calls to revise the definition, the ED category remains largely unchanged nearly four decades after being codified into federal law. To navigate the vague, ambiguous, and outdated eligibility criteria, school psychologists must adhere to comprehensive assessment strategies whenever an ED placement is considered. In this study, we examined the ED assessment practices of 214 school psychologists. The results indicated that respondents all too frequently relied on only select sources of data (e.g., behavior rating scales), rather than taking a multimethod, multisource approach, when evaluating children referred for emotional and behavioral concerns. Implications for both the practice and preparation of school psychologists are discussed.
Understanding missile autopilot design using the H/sub /spl infin// loop shaping design procedure

This paper presents different controller topologies for a missile autopilot. The controllers are based on a loop shaping design procedure due to McFarlane and Glover. The nature of the controllers obtained is discussed and a novel procedure for the selection of weights is given.
Effect of ozone on cell membrane protein fluorescence. I. In vitro studies utilizing the red cell membrane

Abstract Exposure of human red cell membranes to ozone results in a decrease in native protein fluorescence. The sensitivity of this parameter compares favorably with other known indicators of the red cell membrane effects of ozone. Native protein fluorescence is predominantly due to cell membrane tryptophan content. However, levels of ozone that produce a 50–70% decline in native protein fluorescence result in the oxidation of, at most, 10% of cell membrane tryptophan as determined chemically. Studies to evaluate the mechanism of the loss in native protein fluorescence failed to demonstrate the formation of an ozone-induced diffusible quenching compound. Nor does either the formation of disulfide bonds or the oxidation of a small population of highly fluorescent tryptophan molecules appear to be the sole basis for this finding. Evaluation of energy transfer from protein fluorescence to the hydrophobic fluorescent probe 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid revealed that this parameter was not as greatly affected by ozone exposure as was protein fluorescence itself. The latter finding suggests that ozone has a predilection for more hydrophilically located tryptophan molecules.
Location Models: Solid Waste Collection Example

The paper in the Journal of Urban Planning and Development Division, by Marks, ReVelle, and Liebman, presented a review of location models for the private and public sector. The material herein deals with the application of one of these models to a particular application, the location of transfer stations for solid waste collection. Using preliminary, readily available data, the question of feasibility of building such facilities and the sensitivity of their location to changes in parameters and alternatives are investigated. The analysis indicated important areas of future investigation and added greatly to a basic knowledge of the system. A basic analysis of the management problem in solid wastes is included.
How Globalization Drives Institutional Diversity: The Japanese Electronics Industry's Response to Value Chain Modularity

The failure of Japanese electronics firms to participate fully in the Internet-fueled growth of the global electronics industry during the late 1990s triggered a period of questioning among top executives. This article examines Japanese managerial responses to the organizational model “value chain modularity,” which was deployed by the US electronics firms driving the creation of the Internet. While there were partial but significant steps taken in the direction of this new US model—increased specialization, outsourcing of low-end products, and shared factory investments in Japan—wholesale restructuring was resisted. This evidence is consistent with larger patterns of gradual institutional change in Japan. I argue that the result of this process will likely be increased, not diminished, institutional diversity over time. While globalization has accelerated the pace of change by opening new avenues for organizational experimentation and institutional layering, the drag on organizational change exerted by existing institutions slows the process enough to allow institutional and organizational innovations to develop into coherent systems with distinct characteristics. The result, inevitably, will be a uniquely Japanese approach to the challenges posed by globalization.
Persistence in a Distributed Object Server

In the context of a large object store, we define persistenceto require that objects be shared — both between sites and between different sessions at a single site — and reliable in the face of site and network failures. We are developing a fully distributed object server, called PORTLANDIA, that will function as the lowest level in the implementation of an object-oriented programming system. We begin by describing PORTLANDIA’s model of persistence, as seen by users of the shared object space PORTLANDIA provides. Then, we describe the implementation of persistence in PORTLANDIA, giving emphasis to the details of object paging and the network protocol.
Fibroma of Tendon Sheath as a Cause of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

This report describes a 28-year-old male with a fibrovascular tumour of the left midpalm, extending into the carpal tunnel. It compressed the median nerve, producing carpal tunnel syndrome. Upon carpal tunnel decompression and local excision, the symptoms were relieved. Histopathological study of the tumour revealed characteristics suggestive of fibroma of tendon sheath, an uncommon tumour of the hand and rare cause of carpal tunnel syndrome.
Test Method to Evaluate the Effect of Interface Bond Conditions on Top-Down and Reflective Cracking

A composite specimen interface-cracking (CSIC) test was developed to evaluate the effect of the characteristics of the interface between asphalt layers on resistance to top-down and reflective cracking. The system involves repeated tensile loading and monitoring of the rate of damage development (reduction in stiffness) on composite specimens specifically designed for this purpose. Top-down cracking tests were performed on open-graded friction course (OGFC) mixtures placed on dense-graded mixtures using both a conventional tack coat and a polymer-modified asphalt emulsion (PMAE) at a higher application rate. Reflective cracking tests were performed on dense-graded mixtures. Results clearly indicated that use of polymer-modified bonding material significantly reduced the rate of damage development for both top-down and reflective cracking. The testing and interpretation methods developed can be used to optimize bonding materials and application rates for enhanced cracking performance. The methods may also provide a suitable specification test for bonded systems.
On the social reappropriation of nature

Ecological economics is based on a principle of incommensurability. No economic, ecological or technological instrument can establish the real value of Nature in the economy: heterogeneous physical, biological, economic, and cultural processes are involved in the comparative evaluation of economic, energy, and environmental rationalities. The value of Nature grows beyond the ecological costs of development. The ecological costs are imposed to the economic system by means of social resistance to the capitalization of Nature, giving rise to new democratic values and cultural rights that reflect how different social groups, in different ecological and social contexts, re-signify and value Nature. Radical environmentalism is constructing and grounding a new concept of environment as the potential for alternative development and a principle of bio-cultural diversity and ecological difference.
Neurocognition as a determinant of employment status in schizophrenia.

Chronic unemployment is a major problem faced by many persons with schizophrenia. In this article, the author first reviews reasons why employment is an important goal for patients with schizophrenia. Employment appears to improve the clinical symptoms of schizophrenia. Employment also reduces the e
High-temperature superconductivity: Alive and kicking

The discovery of iron-based pnictide superconductors may have reinvigorated the field of high-temperature superconductivity, but the cuprate superconductors are still in the game.
Surveillance of respirable crystalline silica dust using OSHA compliance data (1979–1995)

Background The objective of this work was to estimate the percentage of workers by industry that are exposed to defined concentrations of respirable crystalline silica dust. Methods An algorithm was used to estimate the percentage of total workers exposed to crystalline silica in 1993 at concentrations of at least 1, 2, 5, and 10 times the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL) of 0.05 mg/m3. Respirable crystalline silica air sampling data from regulatory compliance inspections performed by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), for the years 1979–1995, and recorded in the Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) were used to estimate exposures. Therefore, this work does not include industries such as mining and agriculture that are not covered by OSHA. The estimates are stratified by Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes. Results This work found that some of the highest respirable crystalline silica dust concentrations occurred in construction (masonry, heavy construction, and painting), iron and steel foundries (casting), and in metal services (sandblasting, grinding, or buffing of metal parts). It was found that 1.8% (13,800 workers) of the workers in SIC 174—Masonry, Stonework, Tile Setting, and Plastering—were exposed to at least 10 times the NIOSH REL. For SIC 162—Heavy Construction, Except Highway and Street Construction—this number is 1.3% (6,300 workers). SIC 172—Painting and Paper Hanging—which includes construction workers involved in sandblasting was found to have 1.9% (3,000 workers) exposed to at least 10 times the NIOSH REL. The industry that was found to have the highest percentage of workers (6%) exposed to at least the NIOSH REL was the cut stone and stone products industry. Conclusion Not enough is being done to control exposure to respirable crystalline silica. Engineering controls should be instituted in the industries indicated by this work. Am. J. Ind. Med. 34:547–558, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Rapid effects of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 on signal transduction systems in colonic cells.

Abstract Previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that 1,25(OH)2D3 rapidly stimulated hydrolysis of membrane polyphosphoinositides (PI) in rat colonocytes and in Caco-2 cells, generating the second messengers DAG and IP3. [Ca2+]i subsequently increased due to IP3-mediated release of intracellular Ca2+ stores, and to Ca2+ influx through a receptor-mediated Ca channel. Studies examining purified antipodal plasma membranes and experiments using Caco-2 cell monolayers found that 1,25(OH)2D3 influenced PI turnover only in the basolateral (BLM) and not brush border (BBM) membranes. Vitamin D analogues with poor affinity for the vitamin D receptor were found to effectively stimulate PI turnover, suggesting the presence of a unique vitamin D receptor in the BLM. Studies from our laboratory have demonstrated saturable, reversible binding of 1,25(OH)2 D3 to colonocyte BLM. Recently, we found that 1,25(OH)2D3 activated the tyrosine kinase c-src in colonocyte BLM by a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein)-dependent mechanism, with subsequent phosphorylation, translocation to the BLM, and activation of PI-specific phospholipase C gamma. Due to the rise in [Ca2+]i and DAG, two isoforms of protein kinase C (PKCα and PKCβ2), but not other isoforms were activated by 1,25(OH)2D3 in rat colonocytes. Recent studies demonstrated that the seco-steroid translocated the β2 isoform to the BLM, but not the BBM. In contrast, the alpha isoform did not translocate to either antipodal plasma membrane, but modulated IP3-mediated Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum. Preliminary studies have shown that 1,25(OH)2D3 also activated phosphatidylcholine phospholipase D (PLD) in Caco-2 cells, generating phosphatidic acid and contributing to the sustained rise in DAG. PLD stimulation occurred by both PKC-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Inhibitors of G-proteins, c-src, and PKC blunted the seco-steroid–mediated activation of PLD. Cells stably transfected with sense PKCα showed increased 1,25(OH)2D3-stimulated PLD activation, whereas transfectants with antisense PKCα had an attenuated response. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 also regulated PLD by activating the monomeric G-protein rho A by a mechanism independent of the G-protein/c-src/PKC pathway.
Hydrodynamics of gas‐liquid‐solid annular fluidization

In a strict sense, operation of the three-phase ebullated bed reactor used in the H-Oil process is not characterized by conventional three-phase fluidization, but by annular three-phase fluidization. In annular three-phase fluidized beds differences in the hydrodynamic behavior over that found in conventional beds occur through changes in the bubble behavior. The addition of a concentrically located inner column in a gas-liquid-solid fluidized bed promotes bubble coalescence. This increase in coalescence can be observed either through changes in the liquid velocity of transition from the coalesced bubble regime to the dispersed bubble flow regime or through changes in holdup behavior. A hydraulic diameter defined for the annulus region proves suitable when comparing different annular systems having the same outside column diameter, but unsuitable when comparing systems having different outside column diameters.
Shunt capacitors in large transmission networks

IT IS WELL KNOWN that the most efficient operation of a power distribution network is obtained when the power factor of the load throughout the network is approximately 100 per cent. Transmission lines, however, when operated at the loads and voltage levels of maximum economy, require large amounts of reactive kilovolt-amperes (kvar), particularly at the load ends. The generator-end component of this reactive usually can be supplied most economically by the generators.
Assignments of autoionization states of O2

Abstract Autoionization states of O2 leading to the b 4Σg-, B 2Σg- and c 4Σu- states of O+2 have been well established, while those leading to the a 4∏u and A 2∏u are not certain. Further, some of the assignments of the autoionization states and the determinations of effective quantum numbers and quantum defects are open to questions. In view of a recent study of isotopic oxygen molecules, the vibrational assignments for the autoionization states leading to the a 4∏u and A 2∏ucan be unamiguosly assigned. We have systematically examined the known Rydberg series and have suggested new assignments and interpretations for several autoionization states leading to the various states of O2+.
Considerations for selection of parenteral histamine (H2)-receptor antagonists

Abstract Parenteral histamine (H 2 )-receptor antagonists are safe and effective therapy for the prophylaxis of stress-related erosive syndrome. Of the three agents available, parenteral cimetidine is the most widely studied; parenteral formulations of ranitidine and famotidine have not been investigated as extensively. Parenteral cimetidine appears to be effective in reducing incidence and complications associated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by stress-related erosive syndrome, although its effects on bleeding that has already begun are not clear. Antacids are also effective in decreasing the incidence of stress-related gastrointestinal hemorrhage, but they are inconvenient and expensive to administer. Primed continuous infusions of cimetidine may be the most useful regimen for prophylaxis of stress-related erosive syndrome in critically ill patients; the evidence available on the efficacy of continuous infusions of ranitidine is inconsistent, and very few data are available on the value of famotidine. Direct comparative clinical trials are needed to assess definitively the efficacy of primed continuous infusions of cimetidine or other H 2 -receptor antagonists versus that of antacid therapy.