cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Twist1 function in endocardial cushion cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation during heart valve development

Twist1 is a bHLH transcription factor that regulates cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation in embryonic progenitor cell populations and transformed tumor cells. While much is known about Twist1's function in a variety of mesenchymal cell types, the role of Twist1 in endocardial cushion cells is unknown. Twist1 gain and loss of function experiments were performed in primary chicken endocardial cushion cells in order to elucidate its role in endocardial cushion development. These studies indicate that Twist1 can induce endocardial cushion cell proliferation as well as promote endocardial cushion cell migration. Furthermore, Twist1 is subject to BMP regulation and can induce expression of cell migration marker genes including Periostin, Cadherin 11, and Mmp2 while repressing markers of valve cell differentiation including Aggrecan. Previously, Tbx20 has been implicated in endocardial cushion cell proliferation and differentiation, and in the current study, Tbx20 also promotes cushion cell migration. Twist1 can induce Tbx20 expression, while Tbx20 does not affect Twist1 expression. Taken together, these data indicate a role for Twist1 upstream of Tbx20 in promoting cell proliferation and migration and repressing differentiation in endocardial cushion cells during embryonic development.
Management of spontaneous pneumothorax.

Abstract Recurrence is the most common complication of spontaneous pneumothorax. Open thoracotomy with resection or obliteration of blebs and parietal pleurectomy provides the best protection against recurrence. Twenty-seven consecutive patients underwent open thoracotomy for recurrent pneumothorax with no mortality and minimum morbidity and have remained free from recurrence. We believe that thoracotomy should be more widely used in the treatment of what is called spontaneous pneumothorax, since this treatment may remove the real cause of the disease.
Assessing genetic contributions to phenotypic differences among 'racial' and 'ethnic' groups

Descriptions of human genetic variation given thirty years ago have held up well, considering the substantial accrual of DNA sequence data in the interim. Most importantly, estimates of between-group genetic variation have remained relatively low. Despite the low average level of between-group variation, clusters recently inferred from multilocus genetic data coincide closely with groups defined by self-identified race or continental ancestry. This correspondence implies that genetic factors might contribute to unexplained between-group phenotypic variation. Current understanding of the contribution of genes to variation in most complex traits is limited, however. Under these circumstances, assumptions about genetic contributions to group differences are unfounded. In the absence of detailed understanding, 'racial' and 'ethnic' categories will remain useful in biomedical research. Further, we suggest approaches and guidelines for assessing the contribution of genetic factors to between-group phenotypic differences, including studies of candidate genes and analyses of recently admixed populations.
Gene-gene interaction between FGF20 and MAOB in Parkinson disease.

Summary The fibroblast growth factor 20 (FGF20) and monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) genes are associated with Parkinson Disease (PD) risk and both are in the dopamine bio-pathway. Therefore, we investigated the joint effect between polymorphisms in the FGF20 and MAOB genes for evidence of interaction contributing to PD risk. Fourteen polymorphisms (eight for FGF20, six for MAOB) were genotyped in 736 families and analyzed using conditional logistic regression (CLR). Significant two-locus interactions were found in females between the polymorphisms rs1721100 of FGF20 and rs1799836 of MAOB, and between the polymorphisms rs1721082 of FGF20 and rs1799836 of MAOB. The risk alleles for each SNP identified from CLR, rs1721100 C, rs1721082 T and rs1799836 A, are consistent with previous reports. Using indicator variables for the SNP genotypes, rs1721100 GC with rs1799836 AA showed significant interaction (P = 0.021), compared with the reference group rs1721100 GG with rs1799836 GG. Using an allele-dose model for the risk alleles, rs1721100 and rs1799836 showed significant interaction (P = 0.019). We found similar interaction results between rs1721082 and rs1799836. In conclusion, variants in FGF20 and MAOB show evidence of statistical interactions, which emphasizes the importance of considering them jointly in genetic analysis of PD and illustrates potential patterns of biological interaction contributing to PD risk.
ORION: an advanced accelerator facility at SLAC

Extending the center-of-mass energy frontier for high-energy physics depends on the research and development that is conducted now in the area of advanced accelerator physics and technology. In this article, we present the design and beam dynamics simulations for the emittance-compensated, RF photoinjector of the ORION Facility.
COMMENTS ON RABIES CONTROL

The possible effect of a change in habitat on the number of foxes and hence on rabies has been examined by comparing the areas of abandoned farms and the number of cases of rabies in foxes for Georgia from 1930-1969. The relation was postulated from the observed abundance of foxes in recently abandoned farms in Georgia. Abandoned farmland in Georgia increased greatly around 1945-50, and an epidemic of rabies occurred in foxes. This correlation suggests that trends in use of land should be considered among the factors influencing future epidemics of rabies in wildlife.
Compositions of skeletal muscle lipids of rats fed diets containing various oils.

The requirement for vitamin E in ani mals (Briggs et al., '56; Century et al., '59; Century and Horwitt, '59, '60; Machlin and Gordon, '60) and in man (Horwitt, '60; Horwitt et al., '61) has been related to the polyunsaturated fatty acids either ingested or accumulated in tissues or both. Nutritional dystrophy and concomitant increases in urinary creatine excretion were most rapidly and readily produced in rats by feeding tocopherol-deficient diets containing high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) â€”containing lipids, such as those from 7% of cod liver oil, 7% of Unseed oil, or 15% of corn oil. Diets containing these oils, from which most of the tocopherols had been removed, produced an elevated creatinuria in 9 to 15 weeks, whereas similar diets contain ing 15% of coconut oil or 0.2% of corn oil produced no signs of tocopherol de ficiency up to 29 weeks (Century and Horwitt, '60). It was therefore pertinent to examine the effects of the ingestion of various oils upon the fatty acid compo sitions of rat skeletal muscle lipids. Ac cordingly, diets containing oils of widely differing compositions were fed to rats receiving adequate supplements of vita min E, in order to evaluate the role of incorporation and storage of various fatty acids into normal skeletal muscle as a factor in determining the potential sensi tivity of muscle tissue to tocopherol dep rivation. EXPERIMENTAL Male weanling Sprague - Dawley rats were supplied with synthetic diets con taining 0.2% of corn oil, 15% of coconut oil, 15% of corn oil, or 7% of cod liver oil (table 1). These were representative
Nitric Oxide in Hypertension: Relationship With Renal Injury and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

Hypertension is accompanied by architectural changes in the kidney, heart, and vessels that are often maladaptive and can eventually contribute to end-organ disease such as renal failure, heart failure, and coronary disease. Nitric oxide, an endogenous vasodilator and antithrombotic agent synthesized in the endothelium by a constitutive nitric oxide synthase, inhibits growth-related responses to injury in vascular cells. Specifically, in the presence of hypertension, nitric oxide may work in the kidney by inhibiting both mesangial cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia as well as synthesis of extracellular matrix and in the heart and systemic vessels by modulating smooth muscle cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia. The effects of nitric oxide are antagonistic of the effects of angiotensin II. Shear stress and cyclic strain, physical forces known to operate in hypertension, are accompanied by increases in endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression, nitric oxide synthase protein, and nitric oxide synthase activity in endothelial cells. Experimental studies using genetic models of hypertension show a variation in hypertension-modulated vascular nitric oxide synthase activity in different strains of rats. These studies suggest that upregulation of vascular nitric oxide synthase activity is a homeostatic adaptation to increased hemodynamic workload in hypertension and that this may help prevent end-organ damage. If these findings apply to humans, differences in end-organ disease seen in patients with similar degrees of hypertension may be due in part to genetic differences in vascular nitric oxide synthase activity in response to hypertension.
Gas transport properties of polycarbonates and polysulfones with aromatic substitutions on the bisphenol connector group

The effect that substitution of aromatic groups on the bisphenol connector unit of bisphenol-A based polycarbonate and polysulfone materials has on their gas transport properties was assessed. Replacement of a methyl group by a phenyl ring (bisphenol acetophenone polycarbonate, PC-AP, and bisphenol acetophenone polysulfone, PSF-AP) gives a small increase in permeability coefficients with similar or slightly higher selectivity for all gases compared to bisphenol-A polycarbonate, PC, or polysulfone, PSF. Substitution of two locked phenyl rings (fluorene bisophenol polycarbonate, FBPC, and fluorene bisphenol polysulfone, FBPSF) in place of the methyl groups in the connector unit leads to permeability and solubility coeffcients that are about twice those observed for PC or PSF. Increases in permeability for the polycarbonate and polycarbonate and polysulfone materials with aromatic substitutions are related to their larger fractional free volume. FBPC and FBPSF have the largest fractional free volume and the largest permeability coefficients. Thermal measurements show that the fluorene based polycarbonate and polysulfone materials have the highest thermal and oxidative stability. Such aromatic substitutions can be useful for developing gas separation membranes to be used in harsh thermal or oxidative environments. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Everyone Is Still on Welfare: The Role of Redistribution in Social Policy

Most people have an inaccurate assessment of who is "on welfare." Two decades have passed since Social Work published the original version of this article, which applied Titmuss's framework of a three-tiered social welfare system and showed that nearly "everyone is on welfare." Based on new data and a more in-depth analysis, this article re-examines who benefits from and who pays for social, fiscal, and corporate welfare and concludes that all three welfare systems continue to serve and to favor the middle class, wealthy households, and large corporations. Social workers can work to transform the system from one that rewards power and privilege to one that ensures distributive justice for all.
Terahertz micromachined on-wafer probes: Repeatability and robustness

Summary form only given, as follows. Although progress has been made in the development of submillimeter-wave monolithic integrated circuits, the evaluation of these circuits still relies on test fixtures, which makes testing expensive and time consuming. Based on a W-band prototype, a micromachined on-wafer probe covering frequencies 500–750 GHz is built to simplify submillimeter-wave integrated circuits testing. This paper demonstrates the repeatability and the robustness of this terahertz micromachined on-wafer probe.
Superconducting Magnet System for the AGS High Energy Unseparated Beam

A beam line to the Multi-Particle Spectrometer capable of handling 30 GeV/c secondary beams will consist of four large identical superconducting dipoles and a number of room temperature quadrupoles. The total bending angle is 20°, 5° per magnet, and the room temperature aperture required in the dipoles is 20 cm. The four dipoles will be of the cos ? type and will have an overall length of 2.5 m and nominal maximum field of 4.0 T at 2800 A. The conductor will be a thin, wide metal-impregnated braid. The circular aperture is surrounded by coils which are a six-block approximation to a single-layer cos ? current sheet, and a coaxial cylinder of laminated iron at helium temperature. Each magnet will weigh about 10 tons. The design of the dewar including its heat load is discussed. The system is planned to be operational in Fall 1975.
Intelligent control of power wheelchairs

Power wheelchair controllers become more sophisticated as motor control and human/machine interaction research progresses. The result of this increasing sophistication is that more people are provided with independent mobility. The challenge for engineering is to provide safe and effective mobility in a dynamic environment. Fortunately, many of the control methods outlined in here make that goal attainable. Tuneable controllers have had a significant impact, but they only allude to the possibilities for improved mobility. Shared control proves promising for expanding the number and variety of power wheelchair users. Integrated control will increase the independence of power wheelchair users in all realms of assistive technology. Fault-tolerant control can guide one towards safer and more reliable power wheelchairs. Fault-tolerant controllers may also be a cost effective solution to many electromagnetic interference related issues. Through thoughtful research and design, power wheelchair control will progress along safe and effective pathways towards providing users independent and self-guided mobility. >
Productivity and disability: the need to modify work standards

About 14% of the adult population in the USA is disabled (either partially or totally). There is a continuous influx of partially disabled population into the workforce. This results in a growing need to rehabilitate and provide better working conditions for the disabled individuals at the work place. This has not only necessitated a change in approach but also the need to investigate and analyse the economic implications on the functioning of the business model. Productivity measurement is a key element in understanding the social and economic well-being. This paper reviews the need to understand the relationship between productivity and the disabled individual. The goal here is to understand how the disability has a direct impact on the productivity of the organisation and the creation of accurate work standards can help determine this productivity-disability relationship.
Comments on "An Analysis of Polyphase Envelope Detection"

A true envelope detector is presented and compared with the polyphase envelope detector. It theoretically has no carrier feedthrough.
2D and 3D high frame rate imaging with limited diffraction beams

A new 2D (two-dimensional) and 3D (three-dimensional) pulse-echo imaging method (Fourier method) has been developed with limited diffraction beams. In this method, a plane wave pulse (broadband) is used to transmit and limited diffraction beams of different parameters are used to receive. Signals received are processed to obtain spatial Fourier transform of object functions and images are constructed with an inverse Fourier transform. Because only one transmission is required to construct images, this method may achieve a high frame rate (up to 3750 frames/s for biological soft tissues at a depth of 200 mm). To demonstrate the efficacy of the method, both 2D C-mode and 3D images have been simulated using conditions that are typical for medical ultrasound. Results show that images of high resolutions (about 6 wavelengths at 200 mm) and low sidelobes (around -60 dB) can be constructed over a large depth of interest (30 to 200 mm) with a 50 mm diameter aperture. Experiments with the new method have also been carried out. 2D B-mode images have been constructed with conventional linear arrays. In the experiment, an ATS 539 tissue-equivalent phantom and two linear arrays were used. The first array had a center frequency of 2.25 MHz, dimension of 18.288 mm/spl times//spl times/12.192 mm, and 48 elements. The second had a center frequency of 2.5 MHz, 38.4 mm/spl times/10 mm in dimension, and 64 elements. Images of different fields of views were constructed from RF data acquired with these arrays using both the new and conventional dynamic focusing (delay-and-sum) methods. Results show that qualities of images constructed are almost identical with the two methods in terms of sidelobes, contrast, and lateral and axial resolutions. Phase aberration has also been assessed for the two methods, and results show that its influence is about the same on both methods. In addition, a practical imaging system to implement the new method is suggested and potential applications of the method are discussed.
New low power current memory circuits

A simple and compact scheme to improve accuracy of dynamic current memory cells operating with very low reference currents (in the few nA range) is introduced. High accuracy and insensitivity to charge injection is achieved by storing an amplified replica of the reference current.
Preliminary evaluation of a semisolid agar antifungal susceptibility test for yeasts and molds.

This report presents a semisolid agar antifungal susceptibility (SAAS) method for the rapid susceptibility screening of yeasts and molds. The reproducibility and accuracy of the SAAS method were assessed by comparing the MICs of amphotericin B and fluconazole obtained for 10 candidate quality control (QC) American Type Culture Collection yeast strains in ≥15 replicates with those found by six independent laboratories using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) M27-P broth macrodilution method (M. A. Pfaller et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:1104–1107, 1995). Overall, 96% of MICs for both drugs fell within 1 log2 dilution of the modal MIC for each strain. The MICs for amphotericin B showed 99% agreement with the NCCLS proposed QC ranges within 1 log2 dilution. Likewise, the MICs for fluconazole at ≥75% growth reduction showed 99% agreement for seven strains. Three strains, Candida albicans ATCC 24333 and ATCC 76615 and Candida tropicalis ATCC 750, showed a less sharp fluconazole endpoint at ≥75% growth reduction, but at >50% growth reduction, the agreement was 98% within 1 log2 dilution of the proposed range. The MIC agreement within the proposed range for the suggested QC strains Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 and Candida krusei ATCC 6258 was 100% for fluconazole and 100% within 1 log2 dilution of the proposed range for amphotericin B. The SAAS method demonstrated the susceptibility or resistance of 25 clinical isolates of filamentous fungi such as Aspergillus fumigatus to amphotericin B, itraconazole, and fluconazole, usually within 48 h. Although the results are preliminary, this SAAS method is promising as a rapid and cost-effective screen and is worthy of concerted investigation.
Induction of Uteroglobin-Related Protein 2 (Ugrp2) Gene Expression by the Th2 Cytokines IL-4 and IL-13

Uteroglobin-related proteins 1 and 2 (UGRP1 and -2) are thought to play important roles in inflammation and immunologic responses in the lung. In this study we demonstrate that IL-4 and IL-13 enhance Ugrp2 gene expression in the mouse transformed Clara cell line, mtCC, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Addition of actinomycin D abrogated the IL-4- and IL-13-induced increase of Ugrp2 expression, demonstrating that this increase occurs at the transcriptional level. When mtCC cells were pretreated with IFN-γ before the addition of IL-4 or IL-13, IL-4- and 13-induced Ugrp2 mRNA increase was markedly decreased. IL-4 and IL-13 induced phosphorylation of STAT6 in mtCC cells, which binds to the proximal STAT-binding element (SBE) in the Ugrp2 gene promoter, leading to transcriptional activation of this gene. Mutations of the proximal SBE abrogated the binding of activated STAT6 to this site and the IL-4-induced increase in Ugrp2 gene promoter activity. IFN-γ-activated STAT1 binds to the same SBE in the Ugrp2 gene promoter to which STAT6 binds and decreases the binding of STAT6 to this site. Furthermore, an IL-4-induced increase in Ugrp2 expression was not observed in primary cultures of lung cells derived from STAT6-deficient mice. These results indicate that Ugrp2 expression is enhanced by IL-4 and IL-13 through STAT6 binding to the proximal SBE located in the Ugrp2 gene promoter.
Islamic History as World History: Marshall Hodgson, ‘The Venture of Islam’

At a time when orientalism is under attack both from within and without the profession, the publication of Marshall G. S. Hodgson's three-volume work, The Venture of Islam: Conscience and History in a World Civilization1 is an event of major importance. So rich is its subject, so complex and ambitious its analytic scheme and serious its moral purpose that it is difficult in brief compass to give an idea of the book. In the following pages, I discuss those aspects of the work that seem to me most important for an understanding of its achievement and significance. In the end, I shall argue, The Venture of Islam must be seen as the most ambitious and successful effort to salvage the orientalist tradition to date.
New and emerging therapies for advanced or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma

Soft tissue sarcomas include a rare variety of tumors, which require a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. Patients with advanced or metastatic disease are typically treated with anthracycline-based therapy, but these chemotherapy regimens are associated with poor response rates and average survival duration of one year. Much attention has been turned toward overexpressed gene pathways, and utilizing targeted therapies to inhibit tumor growth. Many new and approved targeted therapies and chemotherapy agents are currently in clinical and preclinical studies for soft tissue sarcoma. As the results of these studies are reported, we hope to see improved response rates and less toxicity, both in the frontline setting and for patients with advanced disease. This article will review the available data for some of the more promising therapies for advanced or metastatic soft tissue sarcomas.
Parenteral Nutrition in the Newborn: A Practical Guide

Since the first employment of total parenteral nutrition to support an infant with an anomalous gastrointestinal tract, parenteral nutrition has been resorted to regularly in treating a number of conditions encountered in pediatric practice. This article offers guidelines on the parenteral administration of nutrients, electrolytes, vitamins, and minerals to infants whose clinical conditions prevent enteral feeding. Special consideration is given to the complications of parenteral nutrition and how best to avoid or prevent them.
Strong topological metal material with multiple Dirac cones

We report a new, cleavable, strong topological metal, ${\mathrm{Zr}}_{2}{\mathrm{Te}}_{2}\mathrm{P}$, which has the same tetradymite-type crystal structure as the topological insulator $\mathrm{B}{\mathrm{i}}_{2}\mathrm{T}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}\mathrm{Se}$. Instead of being a semiconductor, however, ${\mathrm{Zr}}_{2}{\mathrm{Te}}_{2}\mathrm{P}$ is metallic with a pseudogap between 0.2 and 0.7 eV above the Fermi energy $({E}_{F})$. Inside this pseudogap, two Dirac dispersions are predicted: one is a surface-originated Dirac cone protected by time-reversal symmetry (TRS), while the other is a bulk-originated and slightly gapped Dirac cone with a largely linear dispersion over a 2 eV energy range. A third surface TRS-protected Dirac cone is predicted, and observed using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, making ${\mathrm{Zr}}_{2}{\mathrm{Te}}_{2}\mathrm{P}$ the first system, to our knowledge, to realize TRS-protected Dirac cones at $\overline{M}$ points. The high anisotropy of this Dirac cone is similar to the one in the hypothetical Dirac semimetal $\mathrm{Bi}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$. We propose that if ${E}_{F}$ can be tuned into the pseudogap where the Dirac dispersions exist, it may be possible to observe ultrahigh carrier mobility and large magnetoresistance in this material.
Rolling off the Tongue into the Top-of-the-Head: Explaining Language Effects on Public Opinion

Growing evidence shows that mass opinion varies by interview language, yet modest theory exists to explain this result. I propose a framework where language impacts survey response by making some political concepts more mentally accessible. I claim that concepts vary by how associated they are with certain languages, which means people are more likely to acquire a construct when it is tied to the tongue one speaks. Hence, recalling concepts from memory should be easier when the language a construct is linked to matches the tongue one interviews in, thereby intensifying people’s opinions. I test my theory by manipulating the interview language in two U.S. surveys of English/Spanish bilingual Latino adults. I generally find that language influences the accessibility of concepts. For example, subjects report higher opinion levels for concepts that are tied more to their interview language, such as American identity among English interviewees. Subjects who interview in English are also less likely to refuse completing items measuring knowledge about U.S. politics, and more likely to answer them quickly. Items reflecting constructs that are highly labile (e.g. anti-Obama affect) or very crystallized (e.g., partisanship) do not display these patterns. I then rule out that language effects are mostly mediated by a heightened sense of anxiety, anger, pride or efficacy that emerges when bilingual subjects interview in one of their languages.
The Response of Fat Deficient Laying Hens to Corn Oil Supplementation

Abstract SINCE the early work of Cruickshank (1934) showing the effect of dietary fat on the degree of unsaturation of egg fat, reports have appeared in the literature enlarging upon and clarifying this concept. Reiser (1950), Fisher and Leveille (1957), Feigenbaum and Fisher (1959), and Wheeler et al. (1959) have presented data showing that the fatty acid pattern of egg yolks may be markedly influenced by type and/or level of supplementary dietary fat. Egg lipid components other than fatty acids have also been studied. Reiser (1951) reported that the amounts of neutral fat, phospholipids and cholesterol in the egg are not altered by the type or amount of dietary fatty acids. However, Wheeler et al. (1959) noted that the phospholipid content of egg fat was significantly raised by the addition of very high levels (20 or 30 percent) of fat to the hens diet. Fisher and Leveille (1957) found the cholesterol …
A very unusual cause of mechanical left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

Figure 1: Transoesophageal echocardiography revealed a moderate degree of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction that was managed medically for 4 years. The latest echocardiogram (A) demonstrated apical displacement of a papillary muscle with attachment into the anterior aspect of the mitral annulus (B) resulting in a fixed LVOT obstruction (C) with the resting and stress gradients of up to 197 and 243 mmHg, respectively (D).
Gangliosides regulate tumor cell adhesion to collagen.

The ability of tumor cells to adhere to extracellular matrix proteins is critical for migration and invasion. The factors that regulate tumor cell adhesion are poorly characterized. Gangliosides promote platelet adhesion and may also play a role in the adhesion of other cell types. We hypothesized that pharmacological depletion of membrane gangliosides from adherent cells would abrogate adhesion to collagen and promote migration and invasion. To test these hypotheses, LA-N1 neuroblastoma cells, which avidly adhere to collagen and are rich with membrane gangliosides (43.69 nmol/108 cells), were cultured in the presence of d-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol-HCl. Endogenous gangliosides were reduced by 98% (0.76 nmol/108 cells) and adhesion to collagen decreased by 67%. There were no changes in cell morphology, viability, proliferation rate or apoptosis. Pre-incubation of ganglioside-depleted cells in conditioned medium from control cells restored adhesion to collagen (0.45±0.002), comparable to that of control cells (0.49±0.035). Similarly, pre-incubation of ganglioside-depleted cells with purified GD2 completely restored adhesion in a concentration-dependent manner. When LA-N1 cells were cultured with retinoic acid, a biological response modifier known to increase endogenous gangliosides, adhesion to collagen increased. Next, we questioned whether changes in adhesion would be reflected as changes in migration and invasion. Cells depleted of endogenous cellular gangliosides migrated more than control cells. Finally, control cells replete with their endogenous gangliosides demonstrated less invasive potential than control cells. The data demonstrate that endogenous tumor gangliosides increase neuroblastoma cell adhesion to collagen and reduce migration and invasion in vitro.
Investigations of the gelation adsorption rules of profile control agent in the formation of Xinmu oil field

This paper describes experimental investigations of the rul e of gelation in the formation of Xinmu oil field in Jilin. Two kinds of gels ar e introduced into measurements of static and dynamic adsorptions. We also examin ed the effect of mass concentration pH value and salinity on adsorptions. Some c onclusions drawn from the result are that the adsorption increase with those fac tors increasing and the level of dynamic adsorption is lower than that of static adsorption under the same condition; for the reasons of static and dynamic adso rptions, the gel time was delayed and gel strength was weakened. Therefore the a dsorption loss should be considered when the gelation is applied for water shut off treatments in matrix formation.
The Compulsive Online Shopping Scale (COSS): Development and Validation Using Panel Data

The Internet is one of the most influential forms of mass media having revolutionized human behavior, with people spending more and more time online. However, excessive Internet use, which is also termed as “Internet Addiction”, can have negative consequences for an individual as well as the society in which they reside. This type of addiction is classified as behavioral addiction (DSM-5, American Psychiatric Association 2013). However, a group of American Psychiatric Association (APA) working members deemed insufficient research to consider additional behavioral addictions (e.g., compulsive buying) to be included in psychiatric nosology. Henceforth, one of the goals of this study is to shed light on what is considered “compulsive online shopping” to further support future DSM behavioral addiction classification modifications. The second goal of this study was to develop a compulsive online shopping scale (COSS) that is consistent with addiction criteria established in the DSM-5. And finally, we explored a few characteristic features related to compulsive online shoppers; both demographically and psychologically.
The Analysis of the Abnormalities of the Inner Cooling Water Quality Lead by Leakage of Hydrogen in Generator

Based on the analysis and solution,this paper provided the CO2 in the hydrogen in generator which leaked into the inner cooling water is the cause lead to the abnormalities of inner cooling water quality.
The adolescent basketball player

Adolescent basketball players can be viewed in two ways, as a unique population requiring special attention for their unique problems or as a similar group sharing the same problems as their adult counterparts. Attention should be paid to issues related to adolescence in general including changes in body size, growth of the musculoskeletal system, and hormonal changes that contribute to changes in behavior, emotions, and maturity. Attention to the particular needs of the adolescent basketball player may help prevent problems or lead to early recognition and intervention.
A Functional Protein Microarray Approach to Characterizing Posttranslational Modifications on Lysine Residues

Functional protein microarrays offer a versatile platform to address diverse biological questions. Printing individually purified proteins in a spatially addressable format makes it straightforward to investigating binary interactions. To connect substrates to their upstream modifying enzymes, such as kinases, ubiqutin (Ub) ligases, SUMOylation E3 ligases, and acetyltransferases, is an especially daunting task using traditional methodologies. In recent years, regulation via various types of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) on lysine residues is emerging as an important mechanism(s) underlining diverse biological -processes. Our group has been developing and applying functional protein microarrays constructed for different model organisms to globally identify enzyme-substrate interactions with a focus on lysine PTMs. In particular, we have characterized the pleiotropic functions of a ubiquitin E3 ligase, Rsp5, via identification of its downstream substrates using a yeast proteome chip. Also, we have identified nonhistone substrates of the acetyltransferase NuA4 complex in yeast, and revealed that reversible acetylation on a metabolic enzyme affects a glucose metabolism and contributes to life span. In this chapter, we will provide detailed protocols for the investigation of ubiquitylation and acetylation. These protocols are generally applicable for different organisms.
Effects of naloxone in normal, manic, and schizophrenic patients: evidence for alleviation of manic symptoms

Considerable attention has focused recently on the possibility that endogenous peptides with opioid-like activity (endorphins) may have a role in the regulation of normal and abnormal human behavior. Animal studies support the possibility that endorphins may have behavioral effects, apart from their known analgesic properties. Bloom et al. (1976) and Segal et al. (1977) noted that centrally administered s-endorphin induces rigidity and immobility in rats, and Bloom et al. (1976) noted that i.v.t. s-endorphin induces a ‘catatonic-like state, reminiscent of some aspects of schizophrenia, reversible with the relatively pure narcotic antagonist naloxone’. In addition, naloxone has been reported to inhibit apomorphine-induced stereotyped behavior in the rat (Cox et al. 1976); to enhance chlorpromazine’s effects on schedule-controlled behavior in pigeons (McMillan, 1971); to inhibit d-amphetamine-induced increases in locomotor activity (Holtzman, 1974; Segal et al. this volume) and continuous avoidance responding in rats (Holtzman, 1974); and to reverse the effect of morphine and d-amphetamine on intracranial self-stimulation in rats (Holtzman, 1974).
An outcome evaluation of the Methodist Home for Children’s value-based therapeutic environment model

This study presents an outcome evaluation of the Value-Based Therapeutic Environment model, a multipurpose, cognitive–behavioral treatment approach for juvenile offenders. Using a quasi-experimental design, the impact of VBTE treatment on recidivism is assessed for 258 youths, relative to a matched subsample of 258 comparison subjects. Results indicate that VBTE treatment is an effective intervention for reducing violent recidivism but has no significant effect on property, drug, or public order offenses. Consistent with past research, offender type moderates the impact of treatment. Specifically, 72.8 % of high-risk/need youth in the comparison group had reoffended within a 16-month follow-up period, compared to only 57.5 % of high-risk/need MHC youth, yet there were no significant differences between the treatment and comparison groups among low- and medium-risk/need juveniles. Moreover, the odds of a new violent charge were 49 % lower for high-risk/need MHC youth during the 12 months following MHC-discharge. Supplementary analysis indicates that VBTE participants also showed improvements on value- and skills-based behaviors related to self-image, goal orientation, honesty, empathy, decision-making, and personal development. Findings of this study suggest that the VBTE model is a promising approach for the treatment of violent behavior among high-risk youth. Implications of the findings are discussed with regard to alternative treatment approaches for juvenile offenders.
Investigation of aerogel, saturated foam, and foil for thermal neutron detection

A recent shortage in 3He for neutron detection has caused an increase in research efforts for a viable replacement. Three materials, borosilicate aerogel, 6LiF saturated foam, and natural lithium foil, have been investigated as neutron detection materials. The materials of focus are designed in such a way that allow both reaction products from the 6Li(n,α)3H and 10B(n,α)7Li interactions to escape the absorber and enter a detector volume simultaneously. This attribute dramatically increases the neutron detection efficiency of the detector. The neutron response pulse-height spectra of borosilicate aerogel, 4.5 percent saturated 6LiF foam, and 10 layers of 30, 50, and 75 µm thick Li foil are presented. The theoretical neutron detection efficiencies of saturated foam and Li foils of different thicknesses are presented and compared to experimentally obtained values.
XAFS spectroscopic study of Ti coordination in garnet

Titanium can be incorporated either tetrahedrally ( IV Ti) or octahedrally ( VI Ti) in most silicate minerals. Ti K -edge X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy enables observation of Ti coordination in minerals and melts. In this study, XAFS is used to determine the coordination of Ti in synthetic and natural garnets. Garnets grown synthetically at eclogite- and granulite-facies conditions can contain several wt% TiO 2 , most of which is incorporated as VI Ti. This observation aligns with major element trends in these garnets. In natural garnets grown at lower temperatures and pressures, on the other hand, Ti is observed to occupy both the octahedral and tetrahedral sites in garnet—in some cases Ti is almost entirely fourfold coordinated. Combined with previous research (see Ackerson et al. 2017, this issue) on substitution mechanisms for VI Ti, the results of this study demonstrate that Ti is incorporated on two crystallographic sites in garnet by at least three primary substitution mechanisms. In both natural and synthetic garnets, there is a discernible increase in VI Ti content in garnet with increasing temperature and pressure, suggesting a significant role for these two parameters in determining Ti solubility. However, a continuous increase in VI Ti with increasing grossular content also suggests that the Ca content of the garnet plays a critical role.
Between Land and Sea: Mangroves and Mollusks along Brazil’s Mangal Coast

Westerners have long viewed mangroves as forbidding, pestilential landscapes. While modern medicine transformed their deadly reputation, the perception lingered of an environment that was little more than a tropical wasteland. The 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro profoundly changed this view by drawing attention to the ecosystem as a habitat crucial to the life cycles of many species and endangered fauna yet increasingly at risk from deforestation. Conservation initiatives in the years since the Rio Summit, however, seldom recognize mangroves as a habitat that has also long supported human life. This is evident in the shell middens found along mangrove coasts and in the historical record of shellfish harvested for dietary protein. With a focus on Brazil, this article examines the shellfish that sustained Amerindians, enslaved Africans, and their descendants along the mangal coast since pre-Columbian times. The discussion contends that Brazil’s mangrove forests cannot be separated from the history of the tropical peoples who have successively lived in and managed this ecosystem from ancient times to the present. Finally, the article concludes that a research focus on shellfish suggests broader linkages to South Atlantic history.
Associations between period 3 gene polymorphisms and sleep- /chronotype-related variables in patients with late-life insomnia.

ABSTRACTA variable number tandem repeat polymorphism (VNTR) in the period 3 (PER3) gene has been associated with heritable sleep and circadian variables, including self-rated chronotypes, polysomnographic (PSG) variables, insomnia and circadian sleep-wake disorders. This report describes novel molecular and clinical analyses of PER3 VNTR polymorphisms to better define their functional consequences. As the PER3 VNTR is located in the exonic (protein coding) region of PER3, we initially investigated whether both alleles (variants) are transcribed into messenger RNA in human fibroblasts. The VNTR showed bi-allelic gene expression. We next investigated genetic associations in relation to clinical variables in 274 older adult Caucasian individuals. Independent variables included genotypes for the PER3 VNTR as well as a representative set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that tag common variants at the PER3 locus (linkage disequilibrium (LD) between genetic variants < 0.5). In order to comprehensively ...
Efficient simulations of large-scale structure in modified gravity cosmologies with comoving Lagrangian acceleration

We implement an adaptation of the cola approach, a hybrid scheme that combines Lagrangian perturbation theory with an N-body approach, to model nonlinear collapse in chameleon and symmetron modified gravity models. Gravitational screening is modeled effectively through the attachment of a suppression factor to the linearized Klein-Gordon equations. The adapted cola approach is benchmarked, with respect to an N-body code both for the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ cold dark matter ($\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$) scenario and for the modified gravity theories. It is found to perform well in the estimation of the dark matter power spectra, with consistency of 1% to $k\ensuremath{\sim}2.5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{h}/\mathrm{Mpc}$. Redshift space distortions are shown to be effectively modeled through a Lorentzian parametrization with a velocity dispersion fit to the data. We find that cola performs less well in predicting the halo mass functions but has consistency, within $1\ensuremath{\sigma}$ uncertainties of our simulations, in the relative changes to the mass function induced by the modified gravity models relative to $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$. The results demonstrate that cola, proposed to enable accurate and efficient, nonlinear predictions for $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$, can be effectively applied to a wider set of cosmological scenarios, with intriguing properties, for which clustering behavior needs to be understood for upcoming surveys such as LSST, DESI, Euclid, and WFIRST.
Theory Culture & Society Vol. 23 (Book Review)

Classification is of interest to many disciplines. It is a fascinating phenomenon, though it might not be obvious to researchers in classification theory and knowledge organization with our intimate association meetings, however many groups are interested in it. For everyone who comes to it, classification is a profoundly abstract and complex process, riddled with problems of contradictions, universality, semantics, and provincialism - heady and important topics for social science. In the first 50 pages of the May 2006 issue of Theory, Culture, & Society, a journal of cultural sociology, theory, and interdisciplinary social science (Sage 2006) - the contributors address questions of definition and scope of classification. This is only part of a larger 616-page project called the New Encyclopedia project.
A luminescent 2,2′-bipyridyl tricarbonyl rhenium(I) complex containing a non-bridging dicyanamide ligand

Abstract fac -(bpy)Re(CO) 3 CF 3 SO 3 reacts with sodium dicyanamide in THF/MeOH/H 2 O to give fac -(bpy)Re(CO) 3 N(CN) 2 ( 1 ) in 81% yield. Complex 1 was characterized spectroscopically and electrochemically using NMR, IR, UV–Vis, fluorescence and cyclic voltammetry. Complex 1 crystallizes in the P2 1 /c space group with a = 7.2004(3) A, b = 12.9547(5) A, c = 16.8523(6) A, β = 101.989(1) °, and Z = 4. Photophysical measurements indicate the π-acceptor ability of N(CN) 2 − as equivalent to that of the 4- N , N -dimethylaminopyridine ligand. Strong luminescence is observed in solution at room temperature and in 4:1 ethanol:methanol matrices at 77 K attributed to the 3 MLCT state.
Time-dependent effects of prognostic biomarkers of systemic inflammation in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

The goal of this study was to examine time-dependent effects of prognostic biomarkers of systemic inflammation in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Retrospective chart reviews were con...
On the Solution of Inverse Obstacle Acoustic Scattering Problems with a Limited Aperture

We present a computational methodology for retrieving the shape of a rigid obstacle from the knowledge of some acoustic far-field patterns. This methodology is based on the well-known regularized Newton algorithm, but distinguishes itself from similar optimization procedures by using (a) the far field pattern in a limited aperture, (b) a sensitivity-based and frequency-aware multi-stage solution strategy, (c) a computationally efficient usage of the exact sensitivities of the far-field pattern to the specified shape parameters, and (d) a numerically scalable domain decomposition method for the fast solution in a frequency band of direct acoustic scattering problems.
Keeping Residents in the Dark: Do Night-Float Rotations Provide a Valuable Educational Experience?

Objective To qualify and characterize resident overnight activity. Design A prospective 3-phase study was conducted of surgical residents with attention to activities performed on the overnight rotation: needs assessment, direct observation of activities, and feedback. Setting This study was conducted at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. This is both a tertiary referral center and the only American College of Surgeons (ACS) verified level 1 trauma center in the state. Participants This study included current surgical residents within the residency program. Results During the study period, 270 pages were individually recorded, with 60% of these pages defined as time-sensitive activities. In addition, most of the pages involved pressing patient-care issues irrespective of postgraduate year level. Analyses revealed that residents spend most of their time performing educational activities (62%). On feedback, residents reported overall satisfaction with the learning opportunities during night-shift (6.4/7.0) and indicated their perceptions of an adequate balance of service and education on night float (6.6/7.0). This correlates with our annual rotation assessment where residents identify night-float as an overall positive experience which provides educational benefit. Conclusions Work-hour restrictions induce residency programs to adapt to new training models. Our results report a breakdown of resident activities while on night-float and demonstrate that overnight shifts continue to provide important educational opportunities during training.
Whole building system fault detection based on weather pattern matching and PCA method

Multivariate statistical process analysis (MSPA) methods have been widely employed for component level fault detection in buildings. An MSPA method named as weather pattern matching (PM) and principal component analysis (PCA) method is proposed for whole building system fault detection. This method is modified from a component level fault detection method which is proved effective in detecting faults in air handling unit (AHU) and variable air volume (VAV) terminal. In the proposed method, Symbolic Aggregate approximation (SAX) method is employed to find similar weather pattern in historical database to accurately generate dynamic baseline dataset for PCA model to detect system faults. One real building data is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method.