cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Model formalism of liquid 3He-B at equilibrium

The approximate formal treatment of the nuclear spin system of normal liquid /sup 3/He given some time ago is extended to the ordered /sup 3/He phase. The formalism leads to the prediction of normal thermal behavior of /sup 3/He-B at lower pressures and at temperatures approaching its phase-boundary temperatures. In contrast to the disordered normal liquid phase, which is thermally anomalous, the entropy of the /sup 3/He-B decreases on isothermal compression, or its isobaric volume expansion coefficient is positive. The equilibrium thermal behavior of ordered /sup 3/He-B is thus qualitatively different from that of disordered liquid /sup 3/He. Experimental control of these aspects of the liquid /sup 3/He phase transformation is lacking at the present time. Both early and new /sup 3/He-B paramagnetic susceptibility data, extended recently over a wide reduced-temperature range, disclose a fundamental competition between the spontaneous ordering mechanism responsible for the existence of /sup 3/He-B and the specific ordering process imposed upon this phase on application of an external constant and uniform magnetic field. As a consequence, magnetized /sup 3/He-B will be shown to increase its entropy on isothermal magnetization and to cool on adiabatic magnetization. The magnetocaloric effect is, however, only moderate. The competition of themore » ordering process leads to the delay or possibly even to the suppression of the formation of the ordered phase, a state of affairs foreseen in our earlier work. At low or moderate magnetic field strengths, the zero-field phase-boundary temperatures are shown to shift toward lower temperatures while, simultaneously, the order of the phase change decreases, from second order, in the absence of the field, to first order. Although of model-theoretic character, involving limitations of various types, the rich physical content of /sup 3/He-B at equilibrium clearly emerges in the present work.« less
Investigation of propylene oligomerization catalyzed by novel post-transition metal nickel complex/methylaluminoxane catalyst

A new post-transition metal complex [ArN=C(R)C(R)=NAr]NiCl2 (R,R=1,8-naphth-diyl,Ar=x-C6H4,x=p-CH3) was designed and synthesized. The propylene oligomerization catalyzed by this complex with MAO as cocatalyst was studied. The effects of reaction temperature,Al/Ni molar ratio,reaction pressure on the catalytic activity and oligomer distribution were investigated. The results indicated that novel catalyst system had high activity for propylene oligomerization. The products were mainly tetramer and pentamer.
Re-sampling detection in information forensics

A digital image generated by re-sampling is the combination of the original image signal and periodical signal. Through the analysis of the two original signals by using EM algorithm, the traces of re-sampling could be detected. Through the modification of the present model, the uniform distribution was supplanted by the original image distribution and a priori probability updating was added in order to approach the realistic distribution. The possible singular points during the EM iterations were avoided by adding a small threshold. Experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the modified model in detecting image re-sampling. Furthermore, it can detect re-sampling traces on uncompressed bmp or tiff images, and it even can detect whether an image is JPEG compressed accurately.
Fretting and Corrosion Changes in Modular Total Hip Arthroplasty

Introduction Modularity is being increasingly used throughout the world for both primary and revision total hip arthroplasty. Recently there have been concerns of increased corrosion and fretting at the modular junctions. In the SROM® modular hip system, two modular junctions are the head-neck taper junction and the stem-sleeve taper junction. The aim of this study was to investigate corrosion at these junctions with the use of different bearing materials. Methods Between 1994 and 2012, fourty-two patients were revised with SROM® stems. Reasons for revision included aseptic loosening of the cup or stem (11), periprosthetic fracture (2), osteolysis (8), dislocation (13) and other reasons (7). One was revised for stem breakage, and this was excluded from this study. We examined 41 retrieved S-ROM® comprised of 6 metal-on-metal (MOM), 12 metal-on-polyethylene (MOP), 7 ceramic-on-polyethylene (COP) and 16 ceramic-on-ceramic (COC). The orientation for all components was marked at the time of revision surgery. Both the proximal sleeve/stem and the femoral head-neck modular junctions were examined under 10X magnification, and graded by two independent observers. The head tapers were divided into 4 regions, and graded using a previously published 3 point scoring system for fretting and corrosion damage (Goldberg et al, Kop et al), for a total corrosion damage score of 12. The SROM stems were also assessed at the sleeve/stem taper junction. Each stem was divided into 8 quadrants, and graded for corrosion and fretting using the same system as the taper. In addition to severity, we also quantified area of corrosion damage of the stem at the sleeve-stem junction from 0–3, which was multiplied by the severity of damage, to give a score out of 9 for each quadrant (maximum total score of 72 for the stem). The bearing type was unknown to the investigators, so the grading was done in a blinded fashion. Corrosion scores were divided by time to account for differences in time to revision. Results Corrosion at the head-neck taper junction was higher for 17 stems with metal heads compared to 23 stems with ceramic heads (p=0.008). The average corrosion rate at the stem-sleeve taper junction in hips with hard-on-hard bearings (COC and MOM) was higher than polyethylene (MOP and COP) bearings, but this was not significant (p=0.07). Conclusions Corrosion at the head-neck modular junction of hips with metal heads was greater than ceramic heads, likely due to galvanic corrosion in a mixed-metal system. Greater corrosion was found at the stem-sleeve taper junction in stems with hard-on-hard bearings. This may be related to friction in the bearings.
Uncertainty and Trading Strategies of Institutional Investors

We present evidence that uncertainty affects trading strategies of institutional investors. Using 20 years of holdings data of U.S. institutional investors, we document that institutional investors hold high uncertainty stocks for shorter periods and they earn lower profits from trading these stocks. Furthermore, we find that investors tend to sell winner stocks with high uncertainty quicker. This trading pattern, however, does not hold for loser stocks. The aggregate effect of this asymmetry is that the disposition effect intensifies as uncertainty increases. We argue that these effects are consistent with the hypothesis that institutional investors exhibit stronger behavioral biases when trading stocks with high uncertainty.
Robotic-assisted real-time MRI-guided TAVR: from system deployment to in vivo experiment in swine model.

Purpose Real-time magnetic resonance imaging (rtMRI) guidance provides significant advantages during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) as it provides superior real-time visualization and accurate device delivery tracking. However, performing a TAVR within an MRI scanner remains difficult due to a constrained procedural environment. To address these concerns, a magnetic resonance (MR)-compatible robotic system to assist in TAVR deployments was developed. This study evaluates the technical design and interface considerations of an MR-compatible robotic-assisted TAVR system with the purpose of demonstrating that such a system can be developed and executed safely and precisely in a preclinical model.
Variation in primary site resection practices for advanced colon cancer: a study using the National Cancer Data Base.

Abstract Background Treatment of metastatic colon cancer may be driven as much by practice patterns as by features of disease. To optimize management, there is a need to better understand what is determining primary site resection use. Methods We evaluated all patients with stage IV cancers in the National Cancer Data Base from 2002 to 2012 (50,791 patients, 1,230 hospitals). We first identified patient characteristics associated with primary tumor resection. Then, we assessed nationwide variation in hospital resection rates. Results Overall, 27,387 (53.9%) patients underwent primary site resection. Factors associated with resection included younger age, having less than 2 major comorbidities, and white race ( P Conclusions There is statistically significant variation in hospital rates of primary site resection. This demonstrates inconsistent adherence to guidelines in the presence of conflicting evidence regarding resection benefit.
Cadmium Oxysulfide Cd(S,O) as Novel High Transmittance Buffer Layer Formed by Surfactant Mediated Chemical Bath Deposition for Thin-Film Heterojunction Solar Cells

Polycrystalline 85% optical transmittance over 550-1000 nm region compared to 70% transmission in CdS films. Cd(S,O) film formed with highly conformal coverage showed as direct optical band gap of 2.19-2.09 eV depending on the CdO fraction in the film. The CBD growth of CdS is via controlled release of S2- and Cd2+ ions in an alkaline medium through complexing to prevent CdS or Cd(OH)2 as colloids in the solution phase. In the present method, by altering the substrate conditions we carried out controlled Cd(OH)2 deprotonation reaction to form CdO over the substrate concurrently with CdS to deposit Cd(S,O) films. These films are polycrystalline having wurtzite structure identified by (002), (110) and (112) x-ray diffractions. Formation of Cd(S,O) phase is confirmed by Raman spectra which besides the characteristic CdS 1LO and 2LO modes at 300 and 600 cm-1, also showed Raman lines from CdO at 1094 cm-1 and 943 cm-1 assigned as overtone of 2LO phonon modes at the L or Γ points of the Brillouin zone of CdO.
Does Suffering Serve Indiscernible Ends

Assume now — what I shall argue for in 9.3 — that both versions of the free-will defence are dubious. Then, if it is none the less likely that suffering would not have existed unless it were connected with some valuable ends, those ends are not discernible by us. We know, of course, that some suffering — for example, the pain that a child feels when she touches a hot stove — is causally necessary for discernible valuable ends. But God, in his omnipotence, is not bound by causal necessity: he could bring about ends for which suffering is causally necessary without causing or permitting the suffering. And, as for valuable ends with which suffering is non-causally connected, I do not know of any philosophers, other than free-will defenders, who have given even a speciously plausible specification of discernible valuable ends. The free-will defence involves the thesis that, though suffering per se is not logically necessary for valuable ends, it is the by-product of a valuable end — namely, the power of free choice. But, as we shall see, we can construct a plausible indiscernible-ends defence against the argument from suffering if we start by examining the claim that suffering per se is logically necessary for indiscernible, valuable ends.
A model for estimating SCM audit effort with key characteristic sensitivity analysis

Software Configuration Management auditing is the fourth of four sub processes recommended by the IEEE and the ACM in the area of SCM. Little guidance is offered in the area of estimation. This paper proposes an initial model for estimating overall system Configuration Items size and effort that might be required to execute the audit. The model is built from formulae and other input from other studies of Empirical Software Engineering and is therefore theoretical. A second part of the study tests the sensitivity to the parameters of white box/structural testing, organizational competence in CMMi level 3 and above and usage of automation in SCM auditing. It is an initial study aimed at discovering the extent of potential impact of certain environment characteristics on the level of effort required to execute the audit.
Tinkering toward departure: The limits of improvisation in rural Ethiopian biomedical practices.

Abstract This paper explores Ethiopian physicians’ responses to tensions produced by gaps between ideals of biomedicine and realities of clinical practice in two rural Ethiopian hospitals. Physicians engage in creativity and improvisation, including relying on informal networks and practices and tinkering within diagnoses and procedures, to overcome constraints of lack of resources and limited opportunities to engage in “good medicine.” These courageous, but often unsuccessful attempts to mitigate professional and personal conflicts within their medical practices represent improvisation in impossible circumstances. This paper results from ethnographic research conducted in 2013–2014 and includes participant observations and qualitative interviews in two hospitals within the same community. The inherent conflicts among globalized standards, unpredictable transnational medical networks, and innovative practices produce tenuous clinical spaces and practices that rely on a mosaic of techniques and ad hoc connections. Tinkering and improvisation often fail to mediate these conflicts, contributing to physician disenchantment and departure from the community.
Structure-Function Relationships of Temporomandibular Retrodiscal Tissue.

It is estimated that 2% to 4% of the US population will seek treatment for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) symptoms, typically occurring with anterior disc displacement. The temporomandibular retrodiscal tissue (RDT) has been postulated to restrict pathologic disc displacement. To elucidate RDT function, understanding regional RDT biomechanics and ultrastructure is required. No prior biomechanical analysis has determined regional variations in RDT properties or associated biomechanical outcomes with regional variations in collagen and elastin organization. The purpose of this study was to determine direction- and region-dependent tensile biomechanical characteristics and regional fibrillar arrangement of porcine RDT. Incremental stress relaxation experiments were performed on 20 porcine RDT specimens, with strain increments from 5% to 50%, a ramp-strain rate of 2% per second, and relaxation periods of 2.5 min. Tensile characteristics were determined between temporal and condylar regions and anteroposterior and mediolateral directions. RDT preparations were imaged using second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy for both collagen and elastin. Young’s modulus showed significant differences by region (P < 0.001) and strain (P < 0.001). Young’s modulus was <1 MPa from 5% to 20% strain, before increasing from 20% to 50% strain to a maximum of 2.9 MPa. Young’s modulus trended higher in the temporal region and mediolateral direction. Instantaneous and relaxed moduli showed no significant difference by region or direction. Collagen arrangement was most organized near the disc boundary, with disorganization increasing posteriorly. Elastin was present at the disc boundary and RDT mid-body. Porcine RDT demonstrated region- and strain-dependent variations in tensile moduli, associated with regional differences in collagen and elastin. The small tensile moduli suggest that the RDT is not resistive to pathologic disc displacement. Further biomechanical analysis of the RDT is required to fully define RDT functional roles. Understanding regional variations in tissue stiffness and ultrastructure for TMJ components is critical to understanding joint function and for the long-term goal of improving TMJ disorder treatment strategies.
Microfluidic-integrated patterned ITO immunosensor for rapid detection of prostate-specific membrane antigen biomarker in prostate cancer

An optically transparent patterned indium tin oxide (ITO) three-electrode sensor integrated with a microfluidic channel was designed for label-free immunosensing of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a prostate cancer (PCa) biomarker, expressed on prostate tissue and circulating tumor cells but also found in serum. The sensor relies on cysteamine capped gold nanoparticles (N-AuNPs) covalently linked with anti-PSMA antibody (Ab) for target specificity. A polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic channel is used to efficiently and reproducibly introduce sample containing soluble proteins/cells to the sensor. The PSMA is detected and quantified by measuring the change in differential pulse voltammetry signal of a redox probe ([Fe(CN)6]3-/[Fe(CN)6]4-) that is altered upon binding of PSMA with PSMA-Ab immobilized on N-AuNPs/ITO. Detection of PSMA expressing cells and soluble PSMA was tested. The limit of detection (LOD) of the sensor for PSMA-based PCa cells is 6/40µL (i.e., 150 cells/mL) (n=3) with a linear range of 15-400 cells/40µL (i.e., 375-10,000 cells/mL), and for the soluble PSMA is 0.499ng/40µL (i.e., 12.5ng/mL) (n=3) with the linear range of 0.75-250ng/40µL (i.e., 19-6250ng/mL), both with an incubation time of 10min. The results indicate that the sensor has a suitable sensitivity and dynamic range for routine detection of PCa circulating tumor cells and can be adapted to detect other biomarkers/cancer cells.
An Orientation to Mammoth Cave and This Volume

Mammoth Cave is the longest known cave system in the world. The total surveyed length is currently 405 miles, and exploration will continue for many decades before the cave is fully mapped. This cave is famous also for prehistoric artifacts left by Indian cavers up to 5000 years ago and for its role in American history during the War of 1812. Mammoth Cave has diverse cave-adapted wildlife, so much so that it is considered a global biodiversity hot spot. It is part of the most studied karst landscape in the world; the cave and the water that formed it have been extensively researched. In both wet and dry passages, minerals have been deposited by percolating groundwater. Some of these are quite beautiful. The seemingly endless passages and interesting features have drawn people to visit Mammoth Cave for about 200 years. Tourism is still strong with roughly 500,000 people visiting Mammoth Cave National Park each year. This chapter introduces the reader to the Mammoth Cave System via an extensive set of maps and also provides an overview directing the reader to the following 17 chapters on important aspects of the cultural and natural history of the cave.
Abstract 85: Interactions Between Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein C and Actin Contribute to the Regulation of Cardiac Contraction

Cardiac myosin binding protein C (cMyBP-C) is a regulatory muscle protein that is essential for proper cardiac contraction, and mutations in cMyBP-C are commonly associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. cMyBP-C not only interacts with myosin, but with actin as well. In vitro studies have demonstrated that multiple functions of cMyBP-C could readily be explained by an interaction between cMyBP-C and actin, but the in vivo significance of cMyBP-C binding to either myosin or actin is not well understood. Here we created transgenic mice with a single point mutation (L348P) in a key binding domain of cMyBP-C that enhances the binding affinity of cMyBP-C for actin in vitro (Bezold et al , JBC 2013) to gain insights into the relevance of cMyBP-C binding to actin in working hearts. Echocardiograms from 3 month old male L348P-Tg mice (N=23) and non-transgenic (nTg, N=17) controls were used to assess systolic and diastolic function. Results showed significantly prolonged isovolumetric relaxation time (L348P-Tg: 18.5±0.6 vs nTg: 10.2±0.3 ms) and slower movement of the mitral valve annulus (E’: -17.2±1.5 vs -32.2±1.6 and A’: -9.1±1.7 vs -17.6±1.0 mm/s, p
CLINICAL APPROACH TO COLORECTAL PAIN

Chronic abdominal pain (>3 months) is a common symptom of functional colonic disease occurring in more than 20% of the population (1). Most often the pain presents in the left lower quadrant, but it also occurs in the right lower quadrant. However, the abdominal pain can be over any part of the anatomic location of the colon. The prevalence of abdominal pain associated with functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and visceral hypersensitivity is between 20% and 30% of otherwise healthy people (1).
Study of M4,5-Level Soft X-Ray Appearance Potential Spectra of Selected Rare Earths

Soft x-ray appearance potential spectroscopy (SXAPS) is recognized as an important technique for the study of core electron binding energies and the density of unoccupied states above the Fermi level.1 The purpose of this paper is to show a comparative study of the M4,5-level SXAPS spectra of the rare earth metals Ce58, Pr59, Tb65, Dy66, Ho67, Er68, Tm69, and Yb70. We have attempted to compare the spectra in terms of total x-ray fluorescence, width and height of positive peaks and the fine structural features, and to correlate the findings with increasing Z. The spectrometer used for the measurements, has been described in detail elsewhere. In each case, the samples were high purity polycrystalline metal foils which were argon ion sputtered and annealed in an attempt to obtain a clean surface for examination.
Another Look at Accuracy and Confidence in Social Judgments

This study examined the relationship between accuracy and confidence on the Interpersonal Perception Task (IPT-15). This version of the IPT contains 15 brief, real-life scenes on videotape for which there are objectively correct answers to questions about status, intimacy, kinship, competition, and deception. A total of 241 participants were run in a 2 (high vs. low cognitive demand) × 2 (first impression vs. nonverbal cues strategy) × 2 (sex of participant) design. Overall, no significant relationship was found when accuracy scores were correlated with two between-participant measures of confidence. There was, however, a significant relationship within-participants between accuracy and confidence. Thus, participants' rated confidence for each of the 15 scenes did predict accuracy in judgments about the scenes. In addition, a 2 × 2 × 2 ANOVA on participants' transformed accuracy-confidence correlations revealed a small, significant effect of strategy. Specifically, the accuracy-confidence correlations were higher when participants were instructed to attend to specific nonverbal cues in making their judgments than when they were told to rely on their first impressions. Although there were no differences between men and women in either their accuracy or their accuracy-confidence correlations, men rated their confidence significantly higher than did women. The factors affecting the accuracy-confidence relationship and their role in automatic judgments are discussed.
Barrett's esophagus: a comprehensive review and update

Abstract Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a known precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma. In the United States, a prevalence of up to 25% is reported in high risk populations and it is identified in about 5% of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The diagnosis of BE requires endoscopically identifying columnar (“salmon colored”) mucosa, taking biopsies from targeted areas and then confirming histologically. The American College of Gastroenterologists updated its criteria in 2016, introducing a length requirement. This brief review addresses diagnosis of BE and its various associated challenges; identifying dysplasia, grading it, and management.
Forests of Illinois, 2016

This update provides an overview of forest resources in Illinois following an inventory by the U.S. Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis program, Northern Research Station. Estimates are derived from field data collected using an annualized sample design and are updated yearly. Estimates of current variables such as area, volume, and biomass are based on 5,991 plots measured in 2011-2016. Change variables such as net growth, removals, and mortality are based on 5,915 plots measured in 2006-2011 and resampled in 2011-2016. See Bechtold and Patterson (2005), O'Connell et al. (2014), Gormanson et al. (2017) for more details.
Determining resident clinical performance: getting beyond the noise.

BACKGROUND Valid and reliable (dependable) assessment of resident clinical skills is essential for learning, promotion, and remediation. Competency is defined as what a physician can do, whereas performance is what a physician does in everyday practice. There is an ongoing need for valid and reliable measures of resident clinical performance. METHODS Anesthesia residents were evaluated confidentially on a weekly basis by faculty members who supervised them. The electronic evaluation form had five sections, including a rating section for absolute and relative-to-peers performance under each of the six Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education core competencies, clinical competency committee questions, rater confidence in having the resident perform cases of increasing difficulty, and comment sections. Residents and their faculty mentors were provided with the resident's formative comments on a biweekly basis. RESULTS From July 2008 to June 2010, 140 faculty members returned 14,469 evaluations on 108 residents. Faculty scores were pervasively positively biased and affected by idiosyncratic score range usage. These effects were eliminated by normalizing each performance score to the unique scoring characteristics of each faculty member (Z-scores). Individual Z-scores had low amounts of performance information, but signal averaging allowed determination of reliable performance scores. Average Z-scores were stable over time, related to external measures of medical knowledge, identified residents referred to the clinical competency committee, and increased when performance improved because of an intervention. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates a reliable and valid clinical performance assessment system for residents at all levels of training.
An examination of the coverage of the SNOMED CT coded nursing problem list subset.

Objective The purpose of this article is to describe the current nursing problem list subset of Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (NPLS) coverage of the American Nurses Association (ANA) recognized standardized nursing terminologies (SNTs) and to identify potential ways to expand and enhance the utility of this list. Materials and methods The study is a cross-sectional exploratory design. We mapped the content of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International (NANDA-I) (2018-2020), International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP) (2017 AB), Clinical Care Classification (CCC) (2018 AA), and Omaha System (2007AC) terminologies with each other and into NPLS (August 2017 edition) using Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) (release 2018AA) as the intermediary. Results We identified a total of 1470 unique nursing diagnosis concepts across SNTs in UMLS, including 175 in CCC, 840 in ICNP, 244 in NANDA-I, 418 in Omaha System, and 631 in NPLS. The NPLS covers approximately 43% of the 1470 concepts-coverage for SNT content is 90% for CCC, 47% for ICNP, 59% for NANDA-I, and 32% for the Omaha System. Discussion/recommendations The NPLS version 2017 coverage of SNT nursing diagnoses included in the UMLS is incomplete and equivocal. Recommendations: (1) ensure all SNT concepts in the UMLS are represented by SNOMED CT terms, (2) devise a formal strategy of partial matching to further enhance interoperability, (3) add a classification structure to the NPLS to enhance the ease of use and utility of the list, and (4) minimize redundancy within NPLS.
A Journey Through Entrepreneurship

After 9 years of post-secondary education in sociology and a decade of studying workforce trends, chapter author Mary Walshok began her journey of integrating the fields of innovation and entrepreneurship into her discipline. As a young dean at a new, aggressive research university, Walshok already had much on her plate when she began to interact with David and his body of research. In this chapter the author describes how David’s work gave her a framework that not only has shaped her research career but has allowed her to be a resource to civic leaders and policy influencers as they try to renew regional economies.
Utility of Iodine Density Perfusion Maps From Dual-Energy Spectral Detector CT in Evaluating Cardiothoracic Conditions: A Primer for the Radiologist

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article is to outline the utility of iodine density maps for evaluating cardiothoracic disease and abnormalities. Multiple studies have shown that the variety of images generated from dual-energy spectral detector CT (SDCT) improve identification of cardiothoracic conditions. CONCLUSION. Understanding the technique of SDCT and being familiar with the features of different cardiothoracic conditions on iodine density map images help the radiologist make a better diagnosis.
Perspectives on the FESAC transformative enabling capabilities: Priorities, plans, and Status

Abstract In early 2017, the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee (FESAC), an advisory committee to the United States Department of Energy, was charged with identifying transformative enabling capabilities (TECs) “that could promote efficient advance toward fusion energy, building on burning plasma science and technology.” A subcommittee with broad expertise was formed and sought feedback from scientific experts, including experts from outside the fusion community. Three workshops were conducted, and a report was approved by FESAC in 2018 that identified four of the “most promising” TECs: advanced algorithms, high-critical-temperature superconductors, advanced materials and manufacturing, and novel technologies for tritium fuel cycle control. In addition, one “promising” TEC was identified: fast flowing liquid metal plasma-facing components. This paper will give details on the promising TECs and an overview on considerations of these TECs in the United States since the publication of the report.
We need negative metrics too

Article discussing different ways to indicate the impact of a researcher's scholarly activities.
Novel strategies for rapid identification and susceptibility testing of MRSA.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes and increased morbidity, mortality, length of hospital stay, and health-care costs. Rapid diagnosis o...
Laparoscopic Lich-Gregoir procedure for bilateral primary vesicoureteral reflux in children

Objective We reviewed the results of laparoscopic Lich-Gregoir procedure in children with bilateral primary vesicoureteral reflux(VUR). Methods Between September 2007 and September 2009, 4 children with bilateral primary VUR underwent laparoscopic extravesical reimplantation (Lich-Gregoir technique). The clinical data was retrospectively analyzed. Results All patients were referred to our clinic for recurrent urinary tract infection. The mean age of the patients was 6.5 years ( ranging from 5 to 8 years ), and there were 1 boy and 3 girls. Bilateral primary vesicoureteral reflux was confirmed by voiding cystourethrography (VCUG), including 2 sides with grade Ⅴ, 3 with grade Ⅳ and 3 with grade Ⅲ. Renal scars were assessed with dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scans.Four patients underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic Lich-Gregoir operations. All procedures were successfully completed laparoscopically. The mean operative time was 200 minutes ( ranging from 140 to 300 min). The blood loss was minimal. The mean hospital stay was 6 days (ranging from 5 to 7 days). The average follow-up period was 18.5 months ( ranging form 6 to 30 months). The disappearance of VUR was confirmed in all patients with VCUG 6 months post-operatively. There was no febrile urinary tract infections or new renal scarring post-operatively. There was transient urinary retention in 1 patient, but the symptom disappeared after catheterization for one week. Conclusions Laparoscopic transperitoneal Lich-Gregoir reimplantation for vesicoureteral reflux is a safe and effective approach. Key words: Laparoscopic surgical procedures; Vesicoureteral reflux; Eimplantation
Discriminative Ability and Reliability of Transesophageal Echocardiography in Characterizing Cases of Cardiac Device Lead Vegetations Versus Noninfectious Echodensities.

Background. Approximately one-third of cases of cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infection present as CIED lead infection. The precise transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) definition and characterization of “vegetation” associated with CIED lead infection remain unclear. Methods. We identified a sample of 25 consecutive cases of CIED lead infection managed at our institution between January 2010 and December 2017. Cases of CIED lead infection were classified using standardized definitions. Similarly, a sample of 25 noninfected patients who underwent TEE that showed a defined lead echodensity during the study period was included as a control group. TEEs were reviewed by 2 independent echocardiologists who were blinded to all linked patient demographic, clinical, and microbiological information. Reported echocardiographic variables of the infected vs noninfected cases were compared, and the overall diagnostic performance was analyzed. Results. Descriptions of lead echodensities were variable and there were no significant differences in median echodensity diameter or mobility between infected vs noninfected groups. Among infected cases, blinded echocardiogram reports by either reviewer correctly made a prediction of infection in 6 of 25 (24%). Interechocardiologist agreement was 68%. Sensitivity of blinded TEEs ranged from 31.5% to 37.5%. Conclusions. Infectious vs noninfectious lead echodensities could not be reliably distinguished on the basis of size, mobility, and general shape descriptors obtained from a retrospective blinded TEE examination without knowledge of clinical and microbiological parameters. Therefore, a reanalysis of criteria used to support a diagnosis of CIED lead infection may be warranted. Keywords. transesophageal echocardiography; cardiac implantable electronic device–associated lead infection; echodensities; vegetation; noninfectious.
Climacturia After Radical Prostatectomy: MRI-Based Predictors.

Abstract Background After radical prostatectomy (RP), climacturia is a prevalent and distressing problem. To date, no specific predictors have been identified. Aim In this analysis, we sought to find associated pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters. Methods We identified all men in our departmental database who (i) had climacturia post-RP, ≥3 episodes; (ii) underwent a pre-RP endorectal MRI; (iii) had no radiation or androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Soft tissue and bony dimensions were measured by 2 raters blinded to clinical and pathological data. Outcomes MRI parameters included the following: maximum height, width, and depth of prostate, prostate volume, urethral width and length, lower conjugate of pelvis, bony femoral width, outer and inner levator distances and thickness. Point-biserial correlations were run on univariate associations. Logistic regression was used for the multivariable model. Results 194 consecutive pre-RP MRI studies were reviewed (56 men with and 138 without climacturia). Mean age was 60 ± 7 years, average time post-RP at assessment, 7 ± 7 months. Of MRI parameters, urethral width (r = 0.13, P = .03) and lower conjugate (r = 0.12, P = .05) were associated with presence of persistent climacturia. 2 others met criteria for multivariable analysis, prostate depth and outer levator distance. Of the non-MRI parameters, none were significantly related to climacturia and only body mass index (BMI) met criteria for multivariable analysis. On multivariable analysis, only urethral width was associated with climacturia (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.01–1.49, P = .04); the wider the urethra, greater the chance of climacturia. Clinical Implications Improved ability to predict the occurrence of orgasm-associated incontinence in the preoperative setting. Strengths and Limitations Limitations include the fact that the MRI endorectal probe may have distorted pelvic tissues during imaging and that our study population size was small. However, prospective data collection, blinded measurements by 2 trained readers, and rigorous statistical analysis should be considered strengths. Conclusion By identifying preoperative risk factors, such as urethral width on MRI, we may be able to better understand the pathophysiology of this condition and furthermore may permit us to better counsel men regarding this postoperative outcome. Sullivan JF, Ortega Y, Matsushita K, et al. Climacturia After Radical Prostatectomy: MRI-Based Predictors. J Sex Med 2020;17:1723–1728.
Temperature Dependence of the Water Infrared Spectrum: Driving Forces, Isosbestic Points, and Predictions.

The temperature derivative of the infrared (IR) spectrum of HOD/D2O is directly calculated from simulations at a single temperature using a fluctuation theory approach. It is demonstrated, on the b...
Changing the Church: An African Theological Reflection

This essay argues for changes in the Church with a particular focus on the Church in Africa. I will highlight some of the challenges facing the Roman Catholic Church in Africa, with regard to implementing those needed changes which could bring about a truly African Church in her structures, priorities, liturgies, laws, pastoral priorities, and practices and in her overall mission. The chapter concludes by proposing the nature and task of the kind of theology that should accompany a changing church in the changed context of World Christianity.
Advances in Crystallographic Image Processing for Scanning Probe Microscopy

This book chapter reviews progress in crystallographic image processing (CIP) for scanning probe microscopy (SPM) that has occurred since our description of the technique was first put into open access in this book series in the year 2010. The signal to noise ratio in all kinds of experimental images of more or less regular 2D periodic arrays is significantly enhanced by CIP and the technique is independent of the type of recording device. In the SPM imaging context, CIP can be understood as an a posteriori sharpening of the effective experimental scanning probe tip by computational means. It is now possible to remove multiple scanning probe mini-tip effects in images from 2D periodic arrays of physical objects that either self-assembled or were created artificially. Accepted within the scientific community is by now also the fact that SPM tips can change their shape and fine structure during the operation of a microscope and, thereby, obfuscate the recorded images in systematic ways. CIP restores much of the smeared out information in such images. The adaptation of a geometric Akaike Information Criterion from the robotics and computer vision community to the unambiguous detection of 2D translation symmetries enabled much of our recent progress. In the main body of this book chapter, we discuss this adaptation and briefly illustrate its utility on an example.
Modified Microvascular Plug as a Flow Restrictor in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome with Dysplastic Tricuspid and Pulmonary Valves.

While the Norwood operation is the most common palliative surgery for neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), initial hybrid strategy aiming to restrict pulmonary blood flow and maintain systemic output is necessary when Norwood is contraindicated or at high risk. The traditional mainstay of initial hybrid palliation is surgical pulmonary artery branch banding (PABB) plus interventional ductal stenting. We present a case of a transcatheter approach for pulmonary flow restriction (PFR) that was accomplished by modifying a Medtronic microvascular plug (MVP)™. The patient is a 2.4 kg neonate diagnosed with HLHS, dysplastic tricuspid and pulmonary valves with pulmonary stenosis, tricuspid stenosis, and regurgitation. He was not considered a candidate for surgical intervention. He started developing sequelae of unbalanced pulmonary and systemic blood flow; therefore, he underwent placement of transcatheter PFR as alternative to PABB. He underwent successful orthotopic heart transplant 104 days after index procedure. This case demonstrates the significant complexity that can occur in patients with HLHS and abnormal right sided valves. Additionally, it is another example that transcatheter branch pulmonary artery flow restriction can be a safe and feasible alternative to PABB as initial palliation strategy. It may benefit patients in whom primary Norwood procedure would have increased risks or who will undergo primary transplant.
Incremental benefit of interdisciplinary care in resource identification in an adolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology care model.

228Background: Conventional health care models inadequately address the complex needs of adolescents and young adults (AYAs, defined as patients aged 15-39) with cancer, thus necessitating AYA prog...
A Possible Solution

12.1 The Possibility of an Account. Though he acknowledged no need to provide any account of truth for sentential quantifications, Prior’s text yet suggests a conception of quantification which coheres with the claim that sentential quantification is neither objectual (and thus certainly not referential) nor substitutional, and which may lend itself to an account of truth for such quantification.
Avoidance Drawings Evolved Using Virtual Drawing Robots

We introduce a generative system for “avoidance drawings”, drawings made by virtual drawing robots executing a random walk while simultaneously avoiding the paths of other robots. The random walk method is unique and is based on a curvature controlling scheme initially introduced by Chappell. We design a fitness function for evaluating avoidance drawings and an evolutionary framework for evolving them. This requires us to follow principles we elucidate for simulated evolution where the generative system is highly stochastic in nature. Examples document the evolutionary system’s efficacy and success.
Fluorescent Metal-Ruhemann's Purple Coordination Compounds: Applications to Latent Fingerprint Detection

Ruhemann's Purple (RP), the reaction product of ninhydrin with amino acids, forms coordination compounds with many metals. However, only a few of them fluoresce. A model for the structural and photophysical features that underlie the formation of fluorescent metal-RP compounds has been developed to establish guidelines for the design of optimized ninhydrin analogs and metal-RP complexes. The application of such complexes to the detection of latent fingerprints, a special surface analytical chemistry problem, is discussed.
Localization and characterization of melatonin receptors in rodent brain by in vitro autoradiography.

Little is known of the neural sites of action for the pineal hormone, melatonin. Thus, we developed an in vitro autoradiographic method using 125I-labeled melatonin (I-MEL) to study putative melatonin receptors in rodent brain. We first determined optimal in vitro labeling conditions for autoradiographic detection of I-MEL binding sites in rat median eminence, the most intensely labeled area in the rat brain. We then assessed the pharmacologic and kinetic properties of I-MEL binding sites in rat median eminence by quantitative autoradiography. These sites have high affinity for I-MEL (equilibrium dissociation constant = 43 pM). I-MEL binding was inhibited by nanomolar concentrations of melatonin or 6-chloromelatonin, but was not inhibited by serotonin, dopamine, or norepinephrine (100 microM). These results suggest that I- MEL binding sites identified by in vitro autoradiography represent specific, high-affinity melatonin receptors. Studies of the distribution of I-MEL binding in rat, Syrian hamster, and Djungarian hamster brain confirm that the median eminence and suprachiasmatic nucleus are major sites of I-MEL binding in rodent brain; other brain areas labeled in one or more of these species were the thalamus (paraventricular, anteroventral, and reuniens nuclei, nucleus of the stria medullaris, and medial part of the lateral habenular nucleus), hypothalamus (dorsomedial nucleus), subiculum, and area postrema. The presence of putative melatonin receptors in the suprachiasmatic nuclei and median eminence of these rodent species suggests that these brain regions are important loci for melatonin effects on circadian rhythms and reproduction.
Compartmentation and topology of glucosylceramide synthesis

Evidence is presented supporting a model for glucosylceramide formation on the apoplastic side of the plasma membrane in plants. Glucosylceramide synthase and sterol glucosyltransferase were both localized to the plasma membrane. Whereas sterol glucosylation was sensitive to proteolytic enzymes, ceramide glucosylation was not. These results are consistent with our model in which steryl glucoside is synthesized on the cytosolic side of the membrane and then translocated across the membrane where it donates glucose to ceramide.
Tracheoesophageal fistula following button battery ingestion: Successful non-operative management

The incidence of devastating complications from button battery ingestions is increasing. Battery impactions may result in erosive esophagitis, tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), esophageal strictures, spondylodiscitis, vocal cord paralysis due to paralysis of recurrent laryngeal nerve(s), and aortoesophageal fistulas with significant morbidity and mortality. We present a case of a 15 month old boy who developed an acquired TEF secondary to ingestion of a 20 mm button battery lodged at the level of the carina. The clinical course and imaging findings are reviewed. Serial limited CT imaging with 3-D reconstruction was helpful in noninvasive assessment of healing and clinical decision making. Of special interest are the negative initial esophagram and the healing of the fistula without the need for surgical intervention.
METALLURGICAL STUDY OF CAST IRON FOR GLASS MOLDS

Research data are reported on the susceptibility of cast iron to cracking when it is used in molds for processing glassware. An accelerated test was run to produce cracking in a shorter time than would occur in the production of glassware. The results from this test indicate that sand-cast iron is more resistant to cracking than chill-cast iron of the same composition. The alloyed chill-cast irons, however, cracked less severely than the unalloyed iron. An annealing heat-treatment of these irons increased resistance to cracking, whereas a spheroidizing heat-treatment reduced resistance. A maximum resistance to cracking together with the ability of the iron to take a high polish apparently may be obtained by using an annealed, chill-cast alloy iron containing chromium, nickel, and molybdenum. Such iron is more susceptible to cracking than a sand-cast iron of the same composition, but the latter type is incapable of a sufficiently high polish and usually has an open, porous structure.
Competition or catastrophe: Insurance for psychiatric care

Abstract On January 5, 1981, Blue Cross/Blue Shield, Federal Employees Program (FEP) of the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (FEHBP) reduced its psychiatric benefits by raising the co-payment for outpatient mental health treatment from 20 to 30 percent. This was only a first step in a major reduction which took place on January 1, 1982. On that date an annual limit of 50 outpatient visits and 60 inpatient days was introduced. FEP had been widely recognized as the broadest and best insurance coverage for mental disorders in the United States. This series of reductions may be part of an overall trend to reduce mental health benefit programs under insurance systems. This paper will review these changes in a context of ongoing problems for mental health coverage under insurance and various approaches to paying for psychiatric care through third party payments. These approaches include a market or “competitive” approach, a traditional insurance or “catastrophic” approach, and a public health approach.