cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial DNA Genetic Diversity of the Drywood Termites Incisitermes minor and I. snyderi (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae)

ABSTRACT The western drywood termite, Incisitermes minor (Hagen) and the light southern drywood termite I. snyderi (Light) are common drywood termites in southwestern and the southern United States, respectively. Despite the economic importance of these 2 species, no information exists on the mitochondrial genetic diversity of I. minor and I. snyderi. A molecular genetics study involving DNA sequencing of a portion of the mitochondrial DNA 16S rRNA gene was undertaken to determine the extent of genetic variation in I. minor and I. snyderi. A total of 12 haplotypes were observed for I. minor collected from Florida, Oregon, Arizona, Texas, Utah, and California. For I. snyderi, a total of 10 haplotypes were observed from the Bahamas, Florida, Georgia, and Texas. Genetic variation among I. minor haplotypes ranged from 0.7 to 3.7% and variation for I. snyderi ranged from 0.7 to 2.4%. Maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analysis revealed 3 distinct clades for I. snyderi, whereas, I. minor had 2 distinct cl...
Flying a toy plane

The availability of powerful computing and inexpensive cameras is engendering a new era of real-time consumer-grade computer vision. We have devised a vision system for cheap, unencumbered user input with six degrees of freedom and have applied it to virtual flight on a typical consumer platform. Sitting before a monitor-mounted camera, a user can intuitively pilot a flight simulator by relative position (X, Y and Z) and orientation (roll, pitch, and yaw) of a specially-marked toy plane held in the hand. This paper describes the design, acquisition, tracking, and pose estimation of our object model. We have achieved a robust scheme capable of operating in a demanding environment with unpredictable lights, backgrounds, and camera properties. The success of our approach relies heavily on tracking. We allow multiple hypotheses and benefit from the intensity invariance and fast, semiglobal trackability of the cliff feature, which we introduce as a useful feature abstraction. While this work demonstrates an integrated approach for solving a specific problem, the ideas can be applied elsewhere.
Wavelet based analysis of physiological signals for prediction of severity of hemorrhagic shock

Rapid detection and treatment of hemorrhagic injuries are important factors in decreasing mortality in the battlefield and civilian trauma settings. In this study, novel features based on discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) were used to analyze physiological signals for prediction of central hypovolemia severity in humans. These features were defined based on approximate and detailed DWT coefficients extracted from physiological signals such as the electrocardiogram (ECG), arterial blood pressure (ABP), and thoracic impedance (IZT and DZT) signals, collected on healthy humans exposed to a hemorrhage model called lower body negative pressure (LBNP). The LBNP protocol consisted of applying 0, -15, -30, -45, -60, -70 mm Hg pressure to the lower half of the body, for 5 minutes at each stage. These LBNP levels were divided into three classes: mild, moderate, and severe. Machine learning algorithms were applied to predict the severity of blood loss based on the features extracted from the physiological signals. One of the objectives of this study was to compare the utility of using multiple physiological signals in prediction of the severity of hypovolemia as opposed to only using ECG. The classification results indicate that SVM has the highest accuracy at 82%. SVM's average precision and recall for all three classes are 79.2% and 79.8%, respectively. This shows that the wavelet-based method using multiple signals has the ability of rapidly determining the degree of volume loss, providing a potential tool for real-time remote triage and decision making in victims of trauma.
Undergraduate Psychology Students' Knowledge and Exposure to School Psychology: Suggestions for Diversifying the Field.

Trainers within school psychology have struggled to recruit racial/ethnic minority graduate students, with a recent demographic survey suggesting that racial/ethnic minorities comprise 9.3 % of school-based practitioners (Curtis, Castillo, & Gelley, 2012). Furthermore, research has suggested that school psychology training programs have also lagged behind counseling and clinical psychology in the recruitment of minority students (Fiegener, 2009). In the current study, 782 junior and senior undergraduate psychology students, representing the four regions of the USA, were included in an online study. Students’ knowledge and exposure were compared across school, counseling, and clinical psychology. Students’ intentions for applying to a school psychology program were also assessed. Results suggest that students have less knowledge and exposure to school psychology compared to counseling or clinical psychology and that students with greater knowledge or exposure for school psychology have stronger intentions of applying to a school psychology graduate program. No significant difference was found between minority and non-minority students’ knowledge or exposure to school psychology. Implications for minority and non-minority recruitment are discussed.
Vision-based Target Tracking with Adaptive Target State Estimator

This paper presents an approach to vision-based target tracking with a neural network (NN) augmented Kalman filter as the adaptive target state estimator. The vision sensor onboard the follower (tracker) aircraft is a single camera. Real-time image processing implemented in the onboard flight computer is used to derive measurements of relative bearing (azimuth and elevation angles) and the maximum angle subtended by the target aircraft on the image plane. These measurements are used to update the NN augmented Kalman filter. This filter generates estimates of the target aircraft position, velocity and acceleration in inertial 3D space that are used in the guidance and flight control law to guide the follower aircraft relative to the target aircraft. Applications of the presented approach include vision-based autonomous formation flight, pursuit and autonomous aerial refueling. The NN augmenting the Kalman filter estimates the target acceleration and hence provides for robust state estimation in the presence of unmodeled target maneuvers. Vision-in-theloop simulation results obtained in a 6DOF real-time simulation of vision-based autonomous formation flight are presented to illustrate the efficacy of the adaptive target state estimator design.
Shared Stories of Successful Graduates of Juvenile Residential Programs

This phenomenological study explored stories of successful graduates of residential programs regarding their experiences while in treatment. Participants were purposefully selected. Data were collected through audio-taped interviews and analyzed for themes. Shared stories indicated the impact of counselors, negative and positive aspects of programs, and peer relationships.
Growth of MBE-Codeposited IrSi3 on Si(111) and Si(100)

We have used Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) to successfully grow films that are predominantly IrSi3 on both Si(111) and Si(100) substrates by codeposition of Si and Ir in a 3:1 ratio. Bragg-Brentano and Seemann-Bohlin x-ray diffraction reveal that polycrystalline IrSi3 films form as low as 450 °C. This is the lowest temperature yet reported for growth of this iridium silicide phase. These x-ray diffraction techniques, along with Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) diffraction and in situ Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED), show that at higher deposition temperatures codeposition can form IrSi3 films on Si(111) that consist predominantly of a single epitaxial growth orientation. Ion beam channeling and x-ray rocking curves show that the epitaxial quality of IrSi3 films deposited on Si(111) is superior to that of IrSi3 films deposited on Si(100). We also present evidence for several new epitaxial IrSi3 growth modes on Si(111) and Si(100).
A 34-year-old woman with odynophagia and weight loss.

On the basis of the clinical picture and laboratory data, what is the most likely diagnosis?
Pyrogenic remobilization of historic industrial lead depositions.

Relatively high levels (4.3 to 51 μg/g) of labile lead (Pb) in ash from the 2009 Jesusita Fire in Santa Barbara County, California attest to the pyrogenic remobilization of historic industrial lead depositions in this relatively pristine area in Southern California, USA. The primarily industrial origin of that lead was evidenced by its poor correlations (simple linear regressions) with lithogenic aluminum (r = 0.18, p = 0.354, n = 30) and iron (r = 0.21, p = 0.270, n = 30) concentrations and by its associated enrichment factors (EFs): EF using aluminum as conservative element (f-Al) vs lead concentration [Pb] (r = 0.79, p < 0.001, n = 30), and EF using iron as conservative element (f-Fe) vs [Pb] (r = 0.83, p < 0.001, n = 30). The industrial origins of much of that lead were corroborated by its isotopic compositions (206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/207Pb), which fell between those of natural lead in the Santa Barbara Basin and previous leaded gasoline emissions in Southern California. This apparent pyrogenic remobil...
Validation of Informant-Based Cognitive Assessment for Use in Autopsy

Currently, there are no proven animal models of Alzheimer disease (AD) (Karczmar, 1991). Human tissue must be used for studies that require fresh or optimally fixed tissue. Moreover, if an animal model were proposed, it would require validation with human tissue.
Teaching Document Management System Design

Along with teaching document in Universities has become increasingly demanding storage,management for teaching document is on the agenda.This article from the teaching document management system requirements analysis,we propose the system's functional requirements,and design the system.
A New Class of Unsafe Primes.

In this paper, a new special-purpose factorization algorithm is presented, which finds a prime factor p of an integer n in polynomial time, if 4p− 1 has the form db2 where d ∈ {3, 11, 19, 43, 67, 163} and b is an integer. Hence such primes should be avoided when we select the RSA secret keys. Some generalizations of the algorithm are discussed in the paper as well.
Effect of melphalan 140 mg/m(2) vs 200 mg/m(2) on toxicities and outcomes in multiple myeloma patients undergoing single autologous stem cell transplantation-a single center experience.

Although melphalan at a dose of 140 mg/m(2) (MEL140) is an acceptable conditioning regimen for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients, very few studies compared it to the most commonly used dose of 200 mg/m(2) (MEL200). A retrospective review of records of MM patients (2001-2010) identified 33 patients who received MEL140 and 96 patients who received MEL200. As expected, significantly higher percentage of patients in the MEL140 arm were >65 years or had cardiac ejection fraction 2 at the time of ASCT (P≤.01). There were no significant differences in incidence of treatment related mortality and morbidity. At a median follow-up of 74 months from ASCT, there were no significant differences in relapse free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) between the two groups. Similar proportion had myeloma status improve to ≥VGPR at 3 months post-ASCT. Usage of post-ASCT maintenance was similar. In multivariate cox proportional hazards model, only disease status of ≥VGPR at the time of ASCT significantly improved RFS (P=.024), but not OS (P=.104). In conclusion, MM patients who received MEL140 had similar long-term outcomes to MEL200 patients despite their older age and co-morbidities.
The enigmatic conservation of enzyme dynamics in evolution

Summary Examination of the chemical step catalysed by dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) suggested preservation of an “ideal” transition state as the enzyme evolves from bacteria to human. This observation is enigmatic: since evolutionary pressure is most effective on enzymes’ second order rate constant (kcat/KM) and since the chemistry is not rate limiting on that kinetic parameter, why is the nature of the chemical step preserved? Studies addressing this question were presented in the 2015 Beilstein ESCEC Symposium and are summarized below.
615. Characterizing the Endogenous MTM1 Promoter

X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is caused by a deficiency in the phosphatase myotubularin 1 (MTM1), and affects 1 in 50,000 males. Dysregulation of MTM1 expression and function directly affects the myocyte morphology as noted by centrally located nuclei of skeletal muscle fibers. Clinically, patients present with severe hypotonia, leading to respiratory failure by one year of age and those who survive have a high risk of developing hepatis peliosis in early adolescence. Currently patients with XLMTM receive palliative care, as there is no FDA approved treatment. Initial studies have already demonstrated great promise using adeno-associated (AAV)-based gene therapy strategies in treating MTM1 deficiency. However, toxicity in cardiac muscle after delivery of AAV-DESPro-Mtm1 has been observed in mice, possibly related to the level of Mtm1 expression. Here, we characterized a region of the endogenous MIM1 promoter (MTMPro) using a Luciferase Reporter Assay in vitro and in vivo, in order to regulate the expression of MTM1 associated with toxicity.A 1.3kb region of DNA upstream of the human MIM1 gene was analyzed and confirmed to contain promoter elements. The DNA sequence was examined using TFSEARCH and results indicate the presence of both ubiquitous and muscle-specific transcription factorbinding sites. MTMPro was cloned in front of a luciferase reporter gene and its activity was first verified in HEK293 cells, murine myoblasts, and HepG2 cells, in which we found expression of the two promoters to be cell type specific. C57BL/6 mice were administered by an intravenous injection of rAAV2/9 vectors containing DESPro-Luc and MTMPro-Luc. Bioluminescent scanning and tissue analysis was completed one month post-injection. Preliminary results indicate that MTMPro expresses at a higher level than DESPro in most tissues. The luciferase gene was then swapped out for a codon optimized human MIM1 transgene. These vectors were first administered locally to the Tibialis Anterior of wt mice. Myotubularin 1 was observed via western blot and shown to be functionally active from the rAAV2/9-DESPro-hMIM1 samples. Levels of hMTM1 were below detection in the rAAV2/9-MTMPro-hMTM1 samples. The cause of the discrepancy between the reporter and therapeutic vectors will be further investigated. We believe that systemically delivering a vector containing either the MTMPro or a lower dose of DESPro to drive MTM1 expression in an AAV9 vector will result in therapeutic levels of gene expression without causing cellular toxicity in a mouse model of XLMTM.
Impact of Providing Eldercare on Employee Perceptions and Outcomes: A Matter of Stereotype Violation

A scenario-based study was conducted to investigate how providing eldercare affects perceptions of employees and their employment outcomes. This study used a 2 (Employee sex) x 2 (Clarity of competence) x 2 (Eldercare provision) mixed factorial design. Employee sex was a within subjects variable. Participants evaluated both a male and female employee in a strongly male-typed job. In addition, employees’ job performance (clearly competent or unspecified) and whether each employee provided care to an elderly parent were manipulated. Both were between subjects variables. Participants read a brief description of a clearly male-typed job and accompanying profiles of one female, one male, and one filler employee (male) who occupied this position. Participants then provided their perceptions of and employment recommendations for these employees. We expected fewer positive outcomes for employees perceived to be in violation of both gender (prescriptive) and job (descriptive) relevant stereotypes. Results revealed...
Effects of Several Newer Insecticides and Kaolin on Oviposition and Adult Mortality in Western Cherry Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Effects of newer insecticides and kaolin-based particle film (Surround[registered trademark] WP Crop Protectant) on oviposition and mortality in the western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran, were determined. In a no-choice experiment, azinphos-methyl sprayed on cherries reduced oviposition by 98.5% compared with the control, whereas spinosad bait, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam reduced it by 74.4% to 91.8% and indoxacarb reduced it by 61.7%. Despite reducing oviposition to similar levels, imidacloprid did not cause as much mortality as spinosad bait, spinosad, or thiamethoxam. Imidacloprid reduced oviposition more than indoxacarb, even though the two caused similar mortality. In a choice experiment, there were no differences in oviposition in untreated and insecticide-treated cherries, except fewer eggs were laid in spinosad-bait treated than untreated cherries. In a no-choice experiment using kaolin, flies laid up to 36 times more eggs in control than treated cherries. In a choice experiment, flies laid 10 times more eggs in untreated than kaolin-treated cherries. Results show oviposition by R. indifferens can be reduced to similar levels by materials with significantly different toxicities, and that none except spinosad bait is an oviposition deterrent. The high levels of oviposition reduction indicate these insecticides (except indoxacarb) can protect fruit from mature flies, but more work is needed to modify or improve them so that they can reduce oviposition as much as azinphosmethyl. In residential trees where none of these insecticides is desirable, kaolin may be useful in reducing oviposition and preventing buildup of R. indifferens populations.
Posttraumatic stress disorder and tobacco use: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and tobacco use are prevalent conditions that co-occur at striking rates in the US. Previous reviews examined prevalence and factors associated with cigarette smoking among individuals with PTSD but have not been summarized since 2007. Moreover, none explored rates and factors associated with the use of other tobacco products. This study aimed to systematically review the most recent literature examining the comorbidity of PTSD and tobacco use to provide prevalence rates, as well as summarize the literature exploring other factors associated with tobacco use among individuals with PTSD. Studies were identified using a systematic search of keywords related to tobacco use and PTSD within the following databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Knowledge, CINAHL, PsycARTICLES, and Cochrane Clinical Trials Library. The studies included in this review (N = 66) showed that the prevalence of current use of tobacco products in individuals with PTSD was 24.0% and the rate of PTSD among users of tobacco products was 20.2%. Additionally, results demonstrated that individuals with PTSD present with high levels of nicotine dependence and heavy use of tobacco products, as well as underscore the importance of negative emotional states as a contributing factor to tobacco use among individuals with PTSD. It is imperative that future studies continue monitoring tobacco use among individuals with PTSD while also assessing factors identified as having a prominent role in tobacco use among individuals with PTSD. These findings also demonstrate the need for more innovative approaches to reduce the pervasive tobacco use among individuals with PTSD.
Effects of Substance P on the Binding of Ligands to Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors on Torpedo Electroplaque Membranes

Substance P has been shown to noncompetitively inhibit nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) responses in a number of experimental systems. These include among others, spinal Renshaw cells [1,2], adrenal chromaffin cells [3,4], a neuronal cell line (PCl2) [5,6], and a muscle-like cell line (BC3HI) [6]. The effect of substance P has been shown to be specific for the nAChR; substance P fails to alter excitation responses by glutamate, aspartate, or muscarinic agoinsts [1,2], and fails to block secretion induced by depolarization by high potassium or veratridine [3,4]. It has recently been shown that the site through which substance P exerts this effect is probably different from sites previously described for the peptide [6].
Accelerated Eutrophication in the Mekong River Watershed: Hydropower Development, Climate Change, and Waterborne Disease

Accelerated eutrophication poses a major threat to global water quality and represents a particular concern in Southeast Asia. The riparian countries of the Mekong River watershed are currently under threat from major episodes of accelerated eutrophication catalyzed by the combined effects of hydropower development and emerging climate change factors that can interact and profoundly affect ecosystem structure and function. Eleven dams are planned for the lower Mekong mainstream with scores more on its tributaries. Dams in the Mekong River watershed will interrupt the natural flow regime and alter the critical stoichiometric relationship of nutrients and other physical, chemical, and biological factors regulating biodiversity in the region. Imbalances in microbial communities can result and contribute to a trophic cascade that can lead to seriously degraded water quality, frequent occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms with lethal cyanotoxins, Trihalomethane (THM) precursors, taste and odor compounds, and changes in aquatic habitat that favor increased waterborne disease transmission including schistosomiasis, fasciolopsis, malaria, and dengue fever.
Tweeting the Black travel experience: social media counter-narrative stories as innovative insight on #TravelingWhileBlack.

African-Americans in the United States have long since been confronted with harassment and discrimination while traveling because of segregated lodging, restaurants, and other leisure activities. H...
“Transparency” as Mask? The EPA’s Proposed Rule on Scientific Data

“Transparency” as Mask? The Environmental Protection Agency proposes excluding from consideration in setting environmental standards any studies whose raw, individual-level data are not publicly available. Its actions seem to be an attack on the use of science in environmental policy.
Pyr-GC/MS analysis of microplastics extracted from the stomach content of benthivore fish from the Texas Gulf Coast.

Abstract Fish ingestion of microplastic has been widely documented throughout freshwater, marine, and estuarine species. While numerous studies have quantified and characterized microplastic particles, analytical methods for polymer identification are limited. This study investigated the applicability of pyr-GC/MS for polymer identification of microplastics extracted from the stomach content of marine fish from the Texas Gulf Coast. A total of 43 microplastic particles were analyzed, inclusive of 30 fibers, 3 fragments, and 10 spheres. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were the most commonly identified polymers (44.1%), followed by nylon (9.3%), silicone (2.3%), and epoxy resin (2.3%). Approximately 42% of samples could not be classified into a specific polymer class, due to a limited formation of pyrolytic products, low product abundance, or a lack of comparative standards. Diethyl phthalate, a known plasticizer, was found in 16.3% of the total sample, including PVC (14.3%), silicone (14.3%), nylon (14.3%), and sample unknowns (57.2%).
Imaging Carrier Inhomogeneities in Ambipolar Tellurene Field Effect Transistors

The development of van der Waals (vdW) homojunction devices requires materials with narrow bandgaps and simultaneously high hole and electron mobilities for bipolar transport, as well as methods to image and study spatial variations in carrier type and associated conductivity with nanometer spatial resolution. Here, we demonstrate the general capability of near-field scanning microwave microscopy (SMM) to image and study the local carrier type and associated conductivity in operando by studying ambiploar field-effect transistors (FETs) of the 1D vdW material tellurium in 2D form. To quantitatively understand electronic variations across the device, we produce nanometer-resolved maps of the local carrier equivalence backgate voltage. We show that the global device conductivity minimum determined from transport measurements does not arise from uniform carrier neutrality but rather from the continued coexistence of p-type regions at the device edge and n-type regions in the interior of our micrometer-scale devices. This work both underscores and addresses the need to image and understand spatial variations in the electronic properties of nanoscale devices.
Out-of-body Locomotion: Vectionless Navigation with a Continuous Avatar Representation

Teleportation is a popular and low risk means of navigating in VR. Because teleportation discontinuously translates the user’s viewpoint, no optical flow is generated that could lead to vection-induced VR sickness. However, instant viewpoint translations and resulting discontinuous avatar representation is not only detrimental to presence and spatial awareness but also presents a challenge for gameplay design–particularly for multiplayer games. We compare out-of-body locomotion, a hybrid viewpoint technique that lets users seamlessly switch between a first-person and third-person avatar view, to traditional pointer-based teleportation. While in third-person, if the user doesn’t move, the camera remains stationary to avoid any optical flow generation. Third-person also lets users precisely and continuously navigate their avatar without risk of getting VR sick. The viewpoint automatically switches back to first-person as soon the users breaks line of sight with their avatar or the user requests to rejoin the avatar with a button press. A user study compares out-of-body locomotion to teleportation with participants (n=22) traversing an obstacle course. Results show that out-of-body locomotion requires significantly fewer (67%) viewpoint transitions than teleportation while there was no significant difference in performance. In addition to being able to offer a continuous avatar representation, participants also deemed out-of-body locomotion to be faster.
Speaking Up at Work: The Role of Perceived Organizational Support in Explaining the Relationship Between Perceptions of Organizational Politics and Voice Behavior:

Voice is a risky and more challenging type of organizational citizenship behavior in that it is designed to bring about change. Using conservation of resources and social exchange theories, we inve...
General Principles of Reconstruction

Complex anatomy in the hindfoot permits normal gait and function. In the aftermath of calcaneus and talus fractures, every effort should be made to restore length, alignment, and rotation of osteoarticular structures. Subtle misalignment after fracture can result in joint incongruity and altered loading. This can result in impaired gait and loss of function. A careful examination and knowledge of norms in limb alignment is necessary for reconstructive efforts.
1.07 – Geospatial Semantics

Geospatial semantics is a broad field that involves a variety of research areas. The term semantics refers to the meaning of things and is in contrast with the term syntactics. Accordingly, studies on geospatial semantics usually focus on understanding the meaning of geographic entities as well as their counterparts in the cognitive and digital world, such as cognitive geographic concepts and digital gazetteers. geospatial semantics can facilitate the design of geographic information systems by enhancing the interoperability of distributed systems and developing more intelligent interfaces for user interactions. During the past years, a lot of research has been conducted, approaching geospatial semantics from different perspectives, using a variety of methods, and targeting different problems. Meanwhile, the arrival of big geo data, especially the large amount of unstructured text data on the Web, and the fast development of natural language processing methods enable new research directions in geospatial semantics. This article, therefore, provides a systematic review on the existing geospatial semantic research. Six major research areas are identified and discussed, including semantic interoperability, digital gazetteers, geographic information retrieval, geospatial Semantic Web, place semantics, and cognitive geographic concepts.
Immunohistochemical Study of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Entry Factors in the Cornea and Ocular Surface.

PURPOSE: To confirm the ocular tropism of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by evaluating the expression of viral entry factors in human ocular tissues using immunohistochemistry. METHODS: Fresh donor corneas and primary explant cultures of corneal, limbal, and conjunctival epithelial cells were evaluated for the expression of viral entry factors. Using immunohistochemistry, the samples were tested for the expression of angiotension-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), dendritic cell-specific intracellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), DC-SIGN-related protein (DC-SIGNR), and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). RESULTS: In total, 5 donor corneas were evaluated for the expression of viral entry factors. In all specimens, both ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were expressed throughout the surface epithelium (corneal, limbal, and conjunctival) and corneal endothelium. In corneal stromal cells, ACE2 was sporadically expressed, whereas TMPRSS2 was absent. DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR expression varied between donor specimens. Four specimens expressed DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR in a similar distribution to ACE2, but 1 specimen from a young donor showed no expression of DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR. ACE2, TMPRSS2, and DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR were all expressed in the cultured corneal, limbal, and conjunctival epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: Both corneal and conjunctival epithelia express ACE2, DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR, and TMPRSS2, suggesting that the ocular surface is a potential route for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The risk of viral transmission with corneal transplantation cannot be ruled out, given the presence of ACE2 in corneal epithelium and endothelium. Cultured corneal, limbal, and conjunctival epithelial cells mimic the expression of viral entry factors in fresh donor tissue and may be useful for future in vitro SARS-CoV-2 infection studies.
Primary Care Social Work Practice with Older Adult Veterans During the Covid-19 Pandemic: An Application of Ecological Systems Theory

In March 2020, The state of New York became the American epicenter of the Covid-19 pandemic with the most vulnerable of populations including older adults being affected. As a result of the Government shut-down to slow the spread of Covid-19, many primary care social workers, including this writer pivoted to remote telework detail on short notice. While utilizing an ecological systems theoretical framework, this article will explore how primary care social workers in the Veterans Health Administration worked through the Covid-19 pandemic to effectively provide social work services and case management to older adult Veterans.
482. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychosocial and Clinical Factors among people with and without HIV living in Miami

Background: As the COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to unfold, drastic changes in daily life pose significant challenges on mental and clinical health While public health interventions such as national lockdowns and social distancing are enforced to reduce the spread of COVID-19, the psychosocial and physical consequences have yet to be determined that may disproportionately affect people living with HIV (PLWH) Methods: To evaluate the impact of COVID-related stress on mental and clinical health, we conducted a 20-minute questionnaire eliciting sociodemographic information, clinical and psychological factors from people living in Miami, Fl All individuals >18 years with or without a history of COVID-19 were included Participating PLWH were recruited from an existing HIV registry and HIV uninfected participants from community flyers and word of mouth Results: A total of 135 participants were recruited from 05/2020-06/2020 The mean age was 50 years old, 73/135 (54%) were female, and 102/135 (75%) were PLWH Among participating PLWH, 60/102 (58 8%) self-identified as African American, and 9/102 (8 8%) were positive for COVID-19 by a commercially approved test Among HIV-negative participants, 15/33 (45 5%) self-identified as White and 11/33 (33%) were positive for COVID-19 Both PLWH and HIVnegative participants described significant disruptions in health care access (47%), difficulty paying basic needs (41%), and feelings of anxiety and depression (48%);there was no statistically significant difference by HIV status However, HIV negative participants were less likely to experience job loss and income disruption compared to PLWH during the pandemic (70% for HIV-negative vs 48% for PLWH;OR 0 40, p=0 03) Conclusion: The impact of COVID-19 on emotional and clinical health is significant in both PLWH and HIV-negative groups These findings highlight the need for providing mental and physical health care during the pandemic, especially for coping with stress and anxiety during these difficult times and ensuring adequate access to health care
A Hybrid-Loop Structure and Interleaved Noise-Shaped Quantizer for a Robust 100-MHz BW and 69-dB DR DSM

A continuous-Time delta-sigma modulator (CT-DSM) excels at high-bandwidth (BW), high-dynamic-range analog-to-digital conversion. However, CT-DSMs suffer from PVT variation, high sensitivity to timing errors, and are restricted in sampling rate. This work proposes a hybrid-loop (HL) DSM architecture to mitigate the disadvantages of CT-DSM while providing similar performance. This work also introduces a bandpass time-interleaved noise-shaping (TINS) successive-approximation (SAR) architecture, which increases the sampling rate of TINS SAR. A prototype HL-DSM with bandpass TINS-SAR quantizer is built in 28-nm CMOS and occupies a die area of 0.09 mm². The measured peak SNDR is 67.5 dB for a 100-MHz BW. The total power consumption is 13.4 mW at a sampling rate of 1.6 GS/s. The resulting Schreier FoM of 166.2 dB is comparable to state-of-the-art CT-DSM converters.
Diffuse Nebulae, Wind-Blown Shells, and Planetaries

In preceding chapters we have reviewed physical processes associated with thermal excitation of spectra of various types of gaseous nebulae, H II regions, planetaries and supernova remnants. We must now examine more carefully some of the distinctive characteristics of these objects. We consider first certain of the classical diffuse galactic nebulae, properties of shells blown by stellar winds, and finally basic statistics, structures, and internal kinematics of planetary nebulae. In Chapter 12 we return to these latter objects in the context of stellar evolution; here we shall be concerned with some fundamental empirical data.
A Simple Asset Pricing Model Featuring Representativeness

This chapter describes a very simple complete market asset pricing model to illustrate the impact of representativeness described in Grether's experiment. It develops a model to identify the channel through which representativeness operates. The discussion proceeds in two stages. In the first stage, a non-signal-based framework is presented and equilibrium asset prices derived. In the second stage, the framework is reinterpreted to bring out the signal-based features. The impact of representativeness on equilibrium prices in a simple asset pricing model is illustrated. In the model, state prices are proportional to subjective probability beliefs. Therefore, errors in probability beliefs are directly transmitted to equilibrium prices. Bayesian-based beliefs are error-free. Therefore, state prices associated with Bayesian-based beliefs can be viewed as corresponding to fundamental value. The discussion in this chapter demonstrates how representativeness can lead prices to deviate from fundamental values and a simple model is also described that provides a foretaste of the key ideas. Here, the log-ratio probability columns describe the percentage probability errors induced by representativeness relative to the Bayesian case. Technically, these log-ratio probabilities constitute a log-change of measure. In behavioral finance, errors in judgment associated with market outcomes are called “sentiment.” The Bayesian-based model represents the situation when information is processed efficiently. As a result, the state prices associated with the Bayesian-based model can be termed efficient. In contrast, the state prices associated with the representativeness-based model can be termed inefficient.
Development of the FOSQ-10: a short version of the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire.

PROBLEMS WITH SLEEP AND SLEEP DISORDERS RESULTING IN EXCESSIVE DAYTIME SLEEPINESS HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO HAVE AN IMPACT ON DAILY ACTIVITIES affecting quality of life. The Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ)1 is the gold-standard, disease-specific instrument designed to assess the impact of sleepiness on the ability to conduct daily activities, conceptually defined as functional status, a component of quality of life. The 30-item FOSQ has proven validity and reliability, performing well as an outcome measure in clinical trials.2–12 However, it may be too long to easily employ in large-scale studies and monitoring efforts13 as well as clinical practice. A shortened version may facilitate the assessment of functional impairments consequential to excessive daytime sleepiness as well as the evaluation of treatment-associated outcomes. The purpose of this study was to develop a short version of the FOSQ (FOSQ-10) that (1) could explain at least 90% of the variance in the long version; (2) have psychometric properties and generate scores that were comparable to the original FOSQ (FOSQ-30); (3) be able to show comparable change with treatment, demonstrated by effect sizes, with the FOSQ-30.
Diuretic radionuclide assessment of obstruction in the infant: guidelines for successful interpretation.

AbstractDiuretic renography frequently is used to assess obstruction in hydronephrosis of infancy but it is invalidated by poor renal function, which occurs frequently in this age group. In an attempt to establish a guideline to determine when renal function is too poor in infancy to rely on diuretic renography for an accurate diagnosis we analyzed the slope of the diuretic renographic washout curve of the normal, nonaffected kidney in 33 infants with unilateral hydronephrosis. When the TV2 time in the normal, nonaffected kidney was greater than 9 minutes, as occurred in 68 per cent of the infants less than 1 month old, it defined a significant renal functional impairment in both kidneys that interfered with diuretic renographic test interpretation. With time renal function improved and after 4 months of age the TV2 time in all nonaffected kidneys became normal and the diuretic renographic diagnosis of obstruction became accurate. Our study indicates that nonaffected kidney TV2 time provides a qualitative...
Biomass Transportation Model for Intermodal Network

Biomass transportation suffers from higher transportation costs and insufficient competition in terms of supply chain providers. The transportation network optimization is somewhat absent in biomass transportation and hence this sector is still subsidized in many states. Biomass transportation industry can be benefitted from utilizing intermodal facilities and various transportation modes. Availability of several modes introduces flexibility of routing and intermodal facility enables using several modes throughout the routes. Transportation network consisting intermodal facility connected with various modes along with various shipment options (direct shipment, transshipment, cross docking, consolidation etc.) among different stages of biomass transportation offer more alternative choices for consideration. Some of the alternative choices induce less cost with prolonged service time, some choices provide expedite delivery with higher cost, some choices maintain similar service level and on time delivery at a reasonable or moderate cost. Proper analysis of various routing options should be done in order to choose the most efficient one. In most of the cases, minimization of time leads toward a costly transportation, on the other hand cost saving routes requires more time to ship the order. This research endeavors to develop a methodology so that both of the objectives (i.e. minimization of transportation time and minimization of transportation cost) can be satisfied together to find out an optimal transportation solution. This paper considers the supply chain of cellulosic bio-diesel. This supply chain consists of harvesters, hub or storage facilities, preprocessing facilities and bio-refinery plant. Several modes of transportations and intermodal facilities are available in the supply chain. There are direct shipment and transshipment options too. This paper tried to develop a generic mathematical model to find out the optimal solution for both minimization of transportation cost and time. In this paper, excel solver is used to calculate the numbers of unit loads to be transported through various routes. Finally, it compares three solutions, out of which, one gives the minimum cost, another gives the minimum time and last one is the modification of second solution that costs less than the second one. The modification is done by choosing alternative cost saving routes without affecting the critical time. The recommended solution considers the trade-off between time and cost. It is expected, that this research will assist the decision maker of biomass industry to make smart choice in route and mode selection process.
Pelican DHCP Automated Self-Registration System: Distributed Registration and Centralized Management

Pelican is an automated DHCP client self-registration tool. Unlike other popular self-registration tools, the Pelican registration system runs on an independent server with no access to the DHCP daemon's lease data or configuration files. It derives MAC addresses by SNMP-querying network devices and periodically generating and pushing updated configuration files to all participating DHCP servers. This allows Pelican to scale more effectively than most other existing automated registration systems. Pelican also tracks lease allocation on participating DHCP servers, providing administrators with a central repository of data for simplified administration and troubleshooting.
The neural and behavioral correlates of target checking in prospective memory

Prospective memory represents the realization of a delayed intention at the appropriate time or in the appropriate environmental context. Strategic monitoring of the environment is one process believed to be important for successful prospective remembering. Guynn (2003) posited that strategic monitoring is comprised of retrieval mode and target checking. Ample evidence has supported the existence of retrieval mode but less is known about the nature of target checking. Using event related potentials (ERPs), this dissertation examined the neural correlates of target checking in a lexical decision task. Experiment 1 was designed to elucidate the physiological correlates of target checking. The physiological data revealed two ERP components that were associated with target checking: the posterior negativity (300-400ms) and the late positive component (600-1000ms). Both components were present during word and nonword trials, but there were differences in how participants engaged the neural processes associated with the posterior negativity and late positive component for the stimulus types. In Experiment 2, the late positive component was hypothesized to be associated with retrieval processes and this hypothesis was examined by varying the number of prospective memory cues. In Experiment 3, the posterior negativity was hypothesized to reflect neural processes associated with the underlying representation of a stimulus so the wordiness of the nonword stimuli was varied to create stimuli that could activate a lexical but not semantic representation. Based on the findings of the three experiments reported herein, target checking appears to involve an early process involving the representation of a stimulus and a late process involving retrieval of representations from memory.
MUC4 overexpression is associated with invasion and metastasis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells

3522 MUC4 is a large, heavily glycosylated trans-membrane mucin, which is overexpressed in various cancers. Since MUC4 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and not expressed in the normal pancreas, it is critical to explore its role in this malignancy. MUC4 is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, which may be cleaved to generate two subunits: a larger size mucin type-subunit, MUC4α (secreted) and a growth factor like-trans-membrane subunit, MUC4β. Due to its large size and the presence of various sialyl-lewis epitopes on the MUC4α subunit, MUC4 is hypothesized to confer anti-adhesive (by steric hindrance) and adhesive (by sialyl-selectin mediated mechanism) properties to the cancer cells. The MUC4β-subunit contains EGF-like domains and has been shown to interact and activate ErbB2/HER2, a receptor tyrosine kinase, which can promote the process of oncogenesis. In order to understand the function of MUC4 in pancreatic cancer progression, we first established a cell line model by repeated orthotopic implantations of SW1990, a human pancreatic cancer cell line, and generated new sub-cell lines (SW1990-Ln1 and SW1990-Ln2) by metastatic selection. These cell lines, derived from lymph node metastatic lesions, were more tumorigenic and displayed greater metastatic index in comparison to the parental cell line SW1990. Interestingly, in this model, MUC4 expression correlated with the tumorigenicity and metastatic potential of the cell lines. To further study the role of MUC4, its expression was inhibited in SW1990-Ln2, the highest generation metastatic cell line, by using the siRNA technology. The MUC4-downregulated clones were characterized by Western blot, real time-PCR and confocal microscopy, and used for in vitro and in vivo assays. MUC4 knockdown clones showed a five-fold decrease in cell motility and a three-fold decrease in invasiveness in vitro . A significant decrease in tumor growth and metastatic potential was observed in MUC4 knockdown cells in comparison to the controls, when transplanted orthotopically into immunodeficient nude mice. The cDNA-microarray analysis showed differential expression of many metastasis and motility-associated genes. One of these genes, LI-cadherin, is known to be involved in lymph node metastasis. Since SW1990-Ln2 cells were derived from lymph nodes, a transient inhibition of LI-cadherin in these cells showed a noteworthy decrease in invasiveness of cells without significantly affecting the motility. These results provide evidence for the functional role of MUC4 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and indicate that MUC4 can be a useful target in the development of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.