cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Further developments in the design and performance of high-voltage terminal boxes

Since the publication in 1962 of a paper on the basic dielectric and safety requirements of terminal boxes, considerable successful experience has been gained in the former respect, and further developments have taken place in the latter respect. A method has been found, and proved by test, to obviate the explosion danger of compound-filled sealing boxes used in conjunction with terminal boxes, one of the few problems left over from the previous investigation. The design of phase-segregated connector-type terminal boxes with containment up to 10 kA reduces the occurrence of flame exhaust to the case of severe multiple faults for impedance-earthed systems. The ultimate complete elimination of any exhaust from a terminal box under any fault condition, as well as from the apparatus served by the terminal box, requires the use of fuses in order to limit the fault energy to a manageable value. The paper describes tests up to 750 MVA, 11 kV on phase-insulated and phase-segregated connector-type terminal boxes with pressure-relief. The same terminal boxes without pressure relief were completely successfully tested with fuse protection suitable for a 3000 hp heavy-duty squirrel-cage motor with a 250 MVA, 3.3 kV and a 750 MVA, 11 kV supply.
Connectivity–splitting models for survivable network design

The survivable network design lSNDr problem seeks a minimum-cost robust network configuration that provides a specified number of alternate ledge-disjointr paths between nodes of the network. For this problem, we present a family of new mixed-integer programming formulations whose associated linear programming relaxations can be tighter than that of the usual cutset formulation. The new formulations, called connectivity-splitting models, strengthen the cutset formulation by splitting the connectivity requirements across critical cutsets lwith crossing requirements of at least twor into two separate requirements and strengthening the connectivity constraints across regular cutsets lwith crossing requirements of oner. As special cases of this broad modeling approach, we obtain three intuitive versions of the model. A connectivity-peeling version peels off the lowest connectivity level, a connectivity-dividing version divides the connectivity requirements for all critical cutsets, and an access-completion version separates the design decisions for critical cutsets from those for regular cutsets. These stronger formulations motivate several SND combinatorial heuristics and facilitate the analysis of their worst-case performance. Our bounds on the heuristic costs relative to the optimal values of the integer program and the linear programming relaxation of our tighter formulation are stronger than some previously known performance bounds for combinatorial heuristics. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Heart failure therapy: drugs, genes or stem cells?

Professor Sian Harding talks to Caroline Telfer, Assistant Commissioning Editor. Professor Sian Harding obtained her PhD in Pharmacology from King’s College, London (UK) in 1981. She became Professor of Cardiac Pharmacology at the National Heart and Lung Institute, a division of the Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, in 2002. Her work has been funded by the British Heart Foundation, the Wellcome Trust, the Medical Research Council, the Biochemical and Biophysical Research Council, the The National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research, Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline and SmithKline Beecham. Harding is former president of the European Section of the International Society for Heart Research and has organized international cardiovascular science meetings for this society, as well as for the European Society of Cardiology. She is the principal investigator for the first UK gene therapy trial aimed at improving cardiac contractility, organized jointly at Harefield and Papworth ...
Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force

This review examined the diagnostic accuracy of brief cognitive screening instruments and the benefits and harms of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions for early cognitive impairment. ...
High Temperature Functionalization and Surface Modification of Nanodiamond Powders

High temperature annealing in vacuum, air, hydrogen, chlorine, and ammonia are described as a means to change surface chemistry and phase composition of nanodiamond powders of three different grades, which have different sp2/sp3 carbon ratios. The changes in surface chemistry and phase composition of the powders are analyzed using Raman spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectroscopy. Advantages and limitation of high-temperature treatment techniques as well as potential applications of the gas-treated nanodiamond powders are discussed.
Modulation of virtual arm trajectories via microstimulation in a spiking model of sensorimotor cortex.

Electrical microstimulation can be used to drive neural responses to match meaningful spiking patterns corresponding to natural sensory stimuli or motor behaviors. Optimizing microstimulation sequences requires repeatedly stimulating the neural system to obtain sufficient probing data to construct an inverse model. This is challenging in the real brain where probing time may be limited and plasticity may be induced. Biologically realistic models allow
A parallel Monte Carlo simulation for gaseous electronics on a dynamically reconfigurable multiprocessor system

Abstract The Parallel Monte Carlo method implemented on a dynamically reconfigurable multiprocessor system is presented for simulating the evolution of an assembly of electrons interacting with a background gas under the influence of an electric field. The number of electrons keep increasing due to the electron impact ionization process. Since each electron can be traced independently, the simulation is inherently parallel. However, the Monte Carlo simulation is prohibitively expensive when a significantly large number of particles are needed to achieve satisfactory statistics. Hence, a low-cost multiprocessor system is constructed by grouping a number of Inmos T800 Transputers with a dynamically reconfigurable interconnection network implemented with an Inmos C004 crossbar switch. Both the hardware and software are discussed in detail. The performance of the Monte Carlo simulation on the multiprocessor system shows that this special reconfigurable system is cost-effective for investigations of gaseous-electronics problems which requires a considerable amount of computer time.
Diagnostic accuracy and effectiveness of automated electronic sepsis alert systems: A systematic review

Background Although timely treatment of sepsis improves outcomes, delays in administering evidence-based therapies are common.
Diffusion and solution of gases in thermally softened or molten polymers: Part I. Development of technique and determination of data

A technique has been developed that determines simultaneously solubilities and diffusivities of gases in molten or thermally softened polymers. Henry's law was found to hold up to 20 atm. In addition it was found that pressure had no appreciable effect on diffusion coefficients up to 20 atm. Solubilities and diffusivities were determined for systems involving nitrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, and argon in polyethylene, polyisobutylene, and polypropylene. In addition, solubilities were also determined for the preceding gases in polystyrene and polymethylmethacrylate. Other data were also obtained for neon, krypton, and monochlorodiflouromethane in various polymers.
THE DETERMINATION OF EPITETRACYCLINE AND TETRACYCLINE BY ION-EXCHANGE PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY AND ITS APPLICATION TO HUMAN URINE AND SERUM

A simple quantitative chromatographic method is described for the separation of epitetracycline and tetracycline in pharmaceutical preparations. The method is applicable qualitatively to human serum and quantitatively to the biological determination of tetracycline in urine. Whatman's modified cellulose phosphate cation-exchange paper is developed by the descending technique using 0·1 per cent w/v ammonium chloride solution. The spots are located as yellow fluorescent spots under ultra-violet light and ammonia vapour, eluted in 10 per cent w/v ammonium chloride, and the extinction determined at 356 mμ. The method is not suitable for the separation of chlortetracycline or oxytetracycline from tetracycline.
Psychopathy and Physiological Response to Emotionally Evocative Sounds.

Despite considerable evidence that psychopathic criminals are deviant in their emotional reactions, few studies have examined responses to both pleasurable and aversive stimuli or assessed the role of different facets of psychopathy in affective deviations. This study investigated physiological reactions to emotional sounds in prisoners selected according to scores on the 2 factors of Hare’s Psychopathy Checklist—Revised (PCL–R; R. D. Hare, 1991). Offenders high on the PCL-R emotional–interpersonal factor, regardless of scores on the social deviance factor, showed diminished skin conductance responses to both pleasant and unpleasant sounds, suggesting a deficit in the action mobilization component of emotional response. Offenders who scored high only on the social deviance factor showed a delay in heart rate differentiation between affective and neutral sounds. These findings indicate abnormal reactivity to both positive and negative emotional stimuli in psychopathic individuals, and suggest differing roles for the 2 facets of psychopathy in affective processing deviations. Cleckley (1976) characterized psychopathy as a “mask of sanity” in which overtly normal intelligence and verbal presentation disguise a severe underlying pathology. Cleckley theorized that the disjunction between the psychopath’s surface demeanor and his or her self-defeating actions and disturbed interpersonal relations reflected a fundamental disconnection between cognition and affect. Research to date has provided considerable support for this conceptualization, including findings of reduced electrodermal reactivity to cues signaling noxious stimulation (cf. Arnett, 1997; Hare, 1978; Siddle & Trasler, 1981), reduced electrocortical discrimination between affective and neutral words (e.g., Kiehl, Hare, McDonald, & Brink, 1999; Williamson, Harpur, & Hare, 1991), and diminished potentiation of the defensive startle reflex during exposure to aversive emotional pictures or warning cues (Levenston, Patrick, Bradley, & Lang, 2000; Patrick, 1994; Patrick, Bradley, & Lang, 1993). A limitation of this existing literature is that most published studies have assessed reactivity to unpleasant emotional cues only, typically in the context of conditioning or quasi-conditioning (stressor anticipation) paradigms. Only a few studies have examined responses to appetitive as well as aversive stimuli, and all of these have used visual affective stimuli. The current study extended the existing literature by investigating physiological reactions to both pleasurable and aversive acoustic stimuli in psychopathic individuals.
Associations Between Perfectionism and Generalized Anxiety: Examining Cognitive Schemas and Gender

In the current study, we extended previous research verifying significant associations between perfectionism dimensions and psychopathological outcomes. Specifically, we examined the links between perfectionism dimensions and generalized anxiety symptoms through both the context of threat and control schemas and gender. A sample of 262 university students (131 women and 131 men) completed a series of self-report questionnaires online. Univariate correlations indicated that socially prescribed perfectionism was the only dimension related to generalized anxiety symptoms. In addition, gender-specific findings emerged from the path analytic procedures implemented. Most notably, the stability in the direct effect between socially prescribed perfectionism and generalized anxiety symptoms varied by gender. For women, results revealed both significant direct and indirect effects with threat and control schemas partially mediating the socially prescribed perfectionism–anxiety symptoms link. Alternatively, the direct effect between socially prescribed perfectionism and generalized anxiety was not significant for men. These results support the position that perfectionism dimensions operate differently for women and men in the prediction of psychopathological outcomes. Gender-specific implications for mental health counselors are discussed.
Face recognition under varying pose

Researchers in computer vision and pattern recognition have worked on automatic techniques for recognizing human faces for the last 20 years. While some systems, especially template-based ones, have been quite successful on expressionless, frontal views of faces with controlled lighting, not much work has taken face recognizers beyond these narrow imaging conditions. Our goal is to build a face recognizer that works under varying pose, the difficult part of which is to handle face relations in depth. Building on successful template-based systems, our basic approach is to represent faces with templates from multiple model views that cover different poses from the viewing sphere. To recognize a novel view, the recognizer locates the eyes and nose features, uses these locations to geometrically register the input with model views, and then uses correlation on model templates to find the best match in the data base of people. Our system has achieved a recognition rate of 98% on a data base of 62 people containing 10 testing and 15 modeling views per person. >
Performance analysis of an asymptotically quantum-limited optical DPSK receiver

An optical, direct-detection differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) receiver whose error probability is quantum-limited as the transmitting laser linewidth vanishes is analyzed. The receiver design is based on a binary equiprobable hypothesis test with doubly stochastic point process observations, the conditional random rates of which depend on the transmitting laser phase noise, which is modeled as a Brownian motion. The receiver structure consists of a simple delay-and-sum optical preprocessor followed by a photoelectric converter and an integrate-and-dump circuit. Upper and lower bounds on the receiver bit error rate are derived by developing bounds on the conditional rates of the point process, and it is shown that the error probability bounds converge to the true value as the transmitting laser linewidth decreases. Bounds on the power penalty are computed for parameters corresponding to existing semiconductor injection lasers, and are seen to be less than the limiting power penalty for the balanced DPSK receiver. >
Organic electro-optics: Understanding material structure/function relationships and device fabrication issues

Realization of large electro-optic (EO) activity for dipolar organic chromophore-containing materials requires the simultaneous optimization of chromophore first hyperpolarizability (β), acentric order , and number density (N). As these parameters are inter-related, correlated quantum and statistical mechanical calculations are required to understand the dependence of macroscopic electro-optic activity upon chromophore structure and intermolecular electrostatic interactions. Correlated time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) and pseudo-atomistic Monte Carlo (PAMC) calculations are used in an attempt to understand the dependence of linear and nonlinear optical properties on dielectric permittivity, optical frequency, and a variety of spatially-anisotropic interactions that can be nano-engineered into the macroscopic material structure. Structure/function relationships are considered for three classes of organic electro-optic materials: (1) Chromophore/polymer composite materials; (2) chromophores covalently incorporated into passive organic host materials; (3) chromophores incorporated into chromophore-containing host materials—a new class of materials referred to as binary chromophore organic glasses (BCOGs). Issues associated with processing these materials into device structures, including those relevant to the integration with silicon photonics, are discussed. The purpose of this article is to address issues critical to ascertaining the viability of organic electro-optic (OEO) materials for next generation telecommunications, computing, and sensing applications.
Spin excitations in 3D molecular magnets probed by neutron scattering

The emerging field of molecular magnetism constitutes a new branch of materials science that deals with the magnetic properties of molecules, or assemblies of molecules, that contain magnetic centers. The growing interest in understanding the origin of the magnetic ordering in these materials is to obtain novel multiproperty molecular magnetic materials with high transition temperatures. Molecules based on the dicyanamide ion [N≡C–N–C≡N], abbreviated (dca), such as M(dca)2 [M=Mn, Ni], have shown interesting bulk properties that prompted our inelastic neutron scattering (INS) studies. While the Mn2+ ion is isotropic because of its L=0 configuration, the isostructural Ni analog has S=1 and demonstrates marked single-ion anisotropy. Mn(dca)2 is a canted antiferromagnet below 16 K, while Ni(dca)2 is a ferromagnet below 21 K. INS has been used to investigate the magnetic excitations in Mn(dca)2 and Ni(dca)2. For Mn(dca)2, a Heisenberg model gives good correspondence with the experimental results.
Patterns of habitat affinity and Austral/Holarctic parallelism in dictynoid spiders (Araneae:Entelegynae)

The ability to survive in a terrestrial environment was a major evolutionary hurdle for animals that, once passed, allowed the diversification of most arthropod and vertebrate lineages. Return to a truly aquatic lifestyle has occurred only rarely among terrestrial lineages, and is generally associated with modifications of the respiratory system to conserve oxygen and allow extended periods of apnea. Among chelicerates, in particular spiders, where the circulatory system also serves as a hydrostatic skeleton, very few taxa have exploited aquatic environments, though these environments are abundant and range from freshwater ponds to the marine intertidal and relictual (salt) lakes. The traditional systematic positions of the taxa inhabiting these environments are controversial. Partitioned Bayesian analysis using a doublet model for stems in the nearly complete 18S rRNA gene (~1800 nt) and in the D2 and D3 regions of the 28S rRNA gene (~690 nt), and standard models for loops and full protein-coding histone H3 (349 nt) partitions (totalling 3133 bp when aligned) of dictynoid spiders and related lineages revealed that the only truly aquatic spider species, Argyroneta aquatica (Clerck, 1767) (Cybaeidae Banks, 1892), belongs in a clade containing other taxa with unusual habitat affinities related to an aquatic existence, including occupation of semi-aquatic (intertidal) areas (Desidae Pocock, 1985: Paratheuma spp.) and highly alkaline salt-crusts (Dictynidae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871: Saltonia incerta (Banks, 1898)). In a contrasting pattern, other spiders that also occupy intertidal zones, including some other members of the family Desidae (Desis spp., Badumna longinqua (L. Koch, 1867)), are an independently derived clade found primarily in the southern hemisphere. Use of the doublet model reduced some branch-support values in the single-gene trees for rRNA data, but resulted in a robust combined-data phylogeny from 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and histone H3. This combination of results – reduction in support in single-gene trees and gain in support in combined-data trees –is consistent with use of the doublet model reducing problematic signal from non-independent base pairs in individual data partitions, resulting in improved resolution in the combined-data analyses.
Flight Mechanics of Ascending Satellite Vehicles

The types of satel l ite orbits and types of ascending trajectories to achieve these orbits are discussed. Both analog and digital computor techniques for trajectory c o m p u tations are briefly described. A solution of the o p t i m u m vacuum stage thrust axis pitch program is presented for a satellite using cont inuous thrust all the way from ground to orbit. The procedure is explained for opt imizing the trajectory to min imize propellant consumpt ion for a vehicle using a power-off coast up to the orbit.
Use of esmolol to control bleeding and heart rate during electroconvulsive therapy in a patient with an intracranial aneurysm.

Abstract Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a commonly used treatment modality for patients with major affective disorders that are unresponsive to pharmacological therapy. While ECT has been shown to be a very safe treatment, it is associated with transient hemodynamic alterations, including hypertension, which are associated with increased risk of rupture of an intracranial aneurysm. We describe our use of the ultrashort acting betablacker, esmolol, for blood-pressure control in a woman with known cerebral aneurysmal disease who required ECT for treatment of recurrent major depression.
An Intervention That Delays Institutionalization of Alzheimer's Disease Patients: Treatment of Spouse-Caregivers

Spouse-caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients were randomly assigned to either a treatment group (individual and family counseling, support group participation, and ad hoc consultation) or a control group (only routine support). In the first year after intake, the treatment group had less than half as many nursing home placements as the control group. This suggests that a comprehensive counseling program can reduce the socioeconomic impact of Alzheimer's disease. Nursing home placement also was affected by the patient's need for assistance with activities of daily living, patient income, and the age of the patients and caregivers.
The Impacts of Video Games on Cognition (and How the Government Can Guide the Industry)

Video game play has become a pervasive part of American culture. The dramatic increase in the popularity of video games has resulted in significant interest in the effects that video gaming may have on the brain and behavior. The scientific research to date indicates that some, but not all, commercial video games do indeed have the potential to cause large-scale changes in a wide variety of aspects of human behavior, including the focus of this review—cognitive abilities. More recent years have seen the rise of a separate form of video games, the so-called “brain games,” or games designed with the explicit goal of enhancing cognitive abilities. Although research on such brain games is still in its infancy, and the results have definitely not been uniformly positive, there is nonetheless reason for continued optimism that custom games can be developed that make a lasting and positive impact on human cognitive skills. Here, we discuss the current state of the scientific literature surrounding video games an...
Shaping the ‘Public Sphere’ in Second Life: Architectures of the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election

The built environments of immersive worlds have generated a great many publications on construction technologies; much has also been written on the uses of virtual buildings for commercial and educational purposes. Remarkably little research has, however, been devoted to the appearance and effect of digital architectures, the traditional questions asked by architectural historians. This article offers a modest investigation of sites in Second Life that functioned as campaign venues during the 2008 United States presidential election. In the course of describing the symptomatic differences between the sites of the Republicans and Democrats, the author offers observations on buildings’ contribution to the creation of a “public sphere”—that discursive space broadly considered vital to a successful democracy. Though the architectures of the actual and virtual worlds are in some ways utterly divergent, they are, in others, remarkably similar. One of those ways, the author argues, is their agency. In virtual, as in actual settings, architecture manipulates the actions of its users. Buildings, it is posited, condition the movements of avatars and the thoughts of humans, often without their conscious realization.
Dynamic Behavior of a Flexible Robotic Manipulator

The problem of modelling a revolute-joint robotic manipulator with either open or closed chain and flexibility in both the links and the joints is discussed. A kinematic formulation utilizing the Denavit-Hartenberg formalism, modal representation of the link flexible motion and infinitesimal elastically restrained joint rigid motion is developed and used to obtain the dynamic model by the Lagrangian approach. Details of the formulation are shown for a one-link structure. A direct scheme for the control of the motion of the end effector in Cartesian space based on nonlinear inversion of the system is developed. As this scheme requires simulation of the left inverse system, it has to be implemented off-line and to be supplemented by regulator terms to ensure convergence to the desired trajectory in the presence of disturbances and uncertainties.
Making Exceptions: Rethinking Success through the Lives of the Siamese Twins

Chang and Eng Bunker, the original “Siamese Twins,” led extremely successful lives in the U.S. despite their vivid racial and bodily difference. Scholars in Asian American Studies and Disability Studies have interrogated their anomalous status, but the content and function of the twins’ “success” remains underanalyzed. This article argues that the twins were produced as exceptions whose provisional success necessitated continuous performances of normalcy and acquiescence to a violent social order of exceptional nationalism that targeted “abnormal” people. Thus, “success stories” like the twins are never mere anomalies, but must be examined in relation to structural forces of devaluation.
Introduction: visual cultures of pentecostalism

(2005). Introduction: visual cultures of pentecostalism. Material Religion: Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 308-312.
The Experimental Method in Biology: T. H. Morgan and the Theory of the Gene

What part can the history of biology play in the development of the philosophy of biology? Does that history offer any particularly valuable evidence for the solution or restructuring of problems familiar to the philosopher of biology? Typically, methodological questions concerning biology are raised in the context of a general theory of science or the logic of science in order to test a thesis about the unity or diversity of scientific methods or theories. Such questions should not be settled in abstraction from the literature of biology itself. The key issues of the philosophy of biology may very well be given a different formulation when they are articulated in the interests of an abstract, ahistorical distinction of physics and biology, on the one hand, and of an attempt to capture the methodological preoccupation of major figures in the history of biology, on the other. Morton Beckner's The Biological Way of Thought provides an extremely detailed account of diverse contexts of biological inquiry; its use of bio logical examples is expert and wide ranging. Nevertheless, the problem atic of this book tends to distinguish biologists into just two camps: the organismic, for whom evolution theory, the investigation of goal directed systems, historical narratives, etc., provide biology with a distinctive conceptual system; and those biologists or philosophers who argue that insofar as the areas mentioned are open to scientific investigation, the methods of physics and chemistry suffice. Beckner has subjected the claims of organismic biologists to a careful critique, reformulating them to indi cate the extent to which they are compatible with the Hempel-Oppenheim model of scientific explanation, and the extent to which their significance for science eludes expression in terms of that model. It is impossible to
Photophysics of platinum tetrayne oligomers: delocalization of triplet exciton.

A series of platinum tetrayne oligomers, all-trans-Cl–Pt(P2)–[(C≡C)4–Pt(P2)]n–Cl, where P = tri(p-tolyl)phosphine and n = 1–3, was subjected to a detailed photophysical investigation. The photoluminescence of each oligomer at low temperature (T < 140 K) in a 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (Me-THF) glass features an intense and narrow 0–0 phosphorescence band accompanied by a vibronic progression of sub-bands separated by ca. 2100 cm–1. The emission arises from a 3π,π* triplet state concentrated on the (C≡C)4 carbon chain and the vibronic progression originates from coupling of the excitation to the ν(C≡C) stretch. All of the experimental data including ambient temperature absorption, low-temperature photoluminescence, and ambient temperature transient absorption spectroscopy provide clear evidence that the triplet state is localized on a chromophore consisting of approximately two −[(C≡C)4–Pt(P2)]– repeat units. Density functional theory calculations support the hypothesis that the triplet–triplet absorption ari...
Soap Spray: An Alternative to a Conventional Acaricide for Controlling the Twospotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Greenhouses

Safer Agro-Chem’s insecticidal soap (6.2 or 12.4 g (AI)/liter) was as effective as dienochlor (0.3 g (AI)/liter) for controlling twospotted spider mites Tetranychus urticae Koch infesting Brassaia actinophylla grown in the greenhouse. Residues of soap on treated plants reduced the number of mites that became established. Significant phytotoxicity was observed on Cissus rhombifolia and Hedera helix when soap was applied using 12.4 g/liter, but phytotoxicity was not observed on Brassaia actinophylla, Chamaedorea elegans, Codiaeum variegatum, Dieffenbachia maculata, Dizygotheca elegantissima, and Dracaena marginata.
Processing and functionalization of conductive substoichiometric TiO 2 catalyst supports for PEM fuel cell applications

The development of substoichiometric TiO2-based nanostructured materials with high aspect ratios for future proton exchange membrane fuel cells is investigated. Nanostructures were manufactured using atomic layer deposition of TiO2 over both anodic aluminum oxide templates and silicon nanowires. It was observed in this work that nanostructures with aspect ratios of 100:1 can be fabricated using both methods. The conductivity of TiO2 films was enhanced following a postdeposition reducing anneal (at 450 °C in H2). Liquid phase-deposited Pt and plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of Pt were both found to be appropriate suited for metallization of TiO2 structures.
Parent perceptions of music therapy in an on-campus clinic for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder:

Although researchers have investigated parent perceptions of family-based group music therapy sessions for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), no researcher has examined parent perception...
The Transcending Orthodoxy: Revealed Truth Authenticating Academic Freedom in the Catholic University

What is the relationship in a Catholic University between academic freedom and revealed truth? Are they mutually exclusive, as received academic opinion would suppose? Does one have to vanquish the other in a conflictual relationship? Hutter argues against this opinion and claims revealed truth authenticates true academic freedom. Only through an understanding of the idea of a university, especially a Catholic university, can we understand the relationship between divine revelation and academic freedom. He poses four questions: First, what is a university, specifically, a Catholic university? Second, what is authentic academic freedom? Third, what is revealed truth? And fourth, what is the relationship between revealed truth and authentic academic freedom? Based on these four questions, he formulates three theses that summarize his central argument.
Variants in ACPP are associated with cerebrospinal fluid Prostatic Acid Phosphatase levels

Background Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (PAP) is an enzyme that is produced primarily in the prostate and functions as a cell growth regulator and potential tumor suppressor. Understanding the genetic regulation of this enzyme is important because PAP plays an important role in prostate cancer and is expressed in other tissues such as the brain.
Regulation of protein phosphorylation in ocular ciliary epithelial cells by A, C and Ca2+calmodulin-dependent protein kinases

We have studied protein phosphorylation events in a cell line (8-SVHCE) derived from the human ocular ciliary epithelium after transformation within Simian Virus-40. We have investigated the time-course and identification of intracellular phosphorylated protein substrates in response to isoproterenol, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), and ionophore A23187, which are activators of protein kinase A, C and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, respectively. Five major endogenous phosphoproteins were readily identified by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with the following molecular weights: 80, 57, 24 and 19 kDa. Tryptic peptide analysis and phosphoaminoacid composition were utilized to aid the identification of the phosphoproteins. From these studies we have observed the following: (a) the most prominent phosphorylation of the 80-kDa protein occurs rapidly (1 min) in response to PMA treatment and is potentiated by isoproterenol, (b) the phosphorylation of the 57-kDa substrate (vimentin) occurs preferentially with isoproterenol treatment and increases gradually from 1 to 30 min, (c) late phosphorylation (60 min) of the 80-kDa protein by PMA is potentiated by isoproterenol, and (d) late phosphorylation of 19-kDa and 24-kDa substrates occurs with PMA treatment and is potentiated by A21387. The desensitization of adenylate cyclase activity by PMA or isoproterenol in 8-SVHCE cells results in altered adenylate cyclase activity, which appears to be correlated with similar alterations in the phosphorylation of the 57-kDa substrate (vimentin).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Meeting the Needs of Sexual and Gender Minority Youth: Formative Research on Potential Digital Health Interventions

Abstract Purpose Sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) have unique risk factors and worse health outcomes than their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts. SGMY's significant online activity represents an opportunity for digital interventions. To help meet the sex education and health needs of SGMY and to understand what they consider important, formative research was conducted to guide and inform the development of new digital health interventions. Methods Semistructured interviews, in-person focus groups, and online focus groups were conducted with 92 youths (aged 15–19 years) who self-identify as nonheterosexual, noncisgender, questioning, and/or have engaged in same-sex sexual behavior. Data were coded and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Results Thematic analysis revealed that SGMYs are often driven online by experiences of isolation, stigmatization, and lack of information and are looking for a supportive, validating community and relevant, accurate information. Gender minority youths felt that they faced a larger number of and more extreme incidences of discrimination than sexual minority youths. Most youths described interpersonal discrimination as having substantial negative effects on their mental health. Conclusions Any digital intervention for SGMY should focus on mental health and well-being holistically rather than solely on risk behaviors, such as preventing HIV. Interventions should include opportunities for interpersonal connection, foster a sense of belonging, and provide accurate information about sexuality and gender to help facilitate positive identity development. Content and delivery of digital interventions should appeal to diverse sexualities, genders, and other intersecting identities held by SGMY to avoid further alienation.
Fecal Impaction With Multisystem Organ Involvement.

Author(s): Pepe, Joseph; Murphy, Melissa M; O'Connell, Kevin P; Zabbo, Christopher P | Abstract: Fecal impactions are a common complaint in the emergency department population. The potential for significant derangement in physiologic processes of other organ systems is often underappreciated.A 19 year-old male, previously healthy, presented to the emergency department at our institution with complaint of abdominal pain which was found to be secondary to severe fecal impaction. In the search for alternative diagnoses, imaging was performed which revealed effects on multiple other organ systems.This case illustrates the secondary effects of a severe fecal impaction. The emergency physician must be aware of these consequences, as the opportunity to review labs and imaging is not often provided in the standard workup of these patients.
Case 18-2017 — An 11-Year-Old Girl with Difficulty Eating after a Choking Incident

An 11-year-old girl presented with difficulty eating and weight loss after a choking incident that had occurred 14 days earlier. She had always been a selective eater, but fear of choking led her to consume only a liquid diet. A diagnosis and management decisions were made.
On the linkage between the k−5/3 spectral and k−7/3 cospectral scaling in high-Reynolds number turbulent boundary layers

Connections between the “−5/3” spectral and “−7/3” cospectral scaling exponents characterizing the inertial subranges of the wall-normal energy spectrum and the turbulent momentum flux cospectrum are explored in the equilibrium layer of high-Reynolds number turbulent boundary layers. Previous laboratory experiments and field measurements featured here in the atmospheric boundary layer show that the “−7/3” scaling in the momentum flux cospectrum Fuw(k) commences at lower wavenumbers (around kz = 3) than the “−5/3” scaling in the wall-normal energy spectrum Eww(k) (around kz = 6), where k is the streamwise wavenumber and z is the distance from the surface. A satisfactory explanation as to why Fuw(k) attains its “−7/3” inertial subrange scaling earlier than Eww(k) in wavenumber space remains elusive. A cospectral budget (CSB) model subject to several simplifications and closure schemes offers one viewpoint. In its simplest form, the CSB model assumes a balance at all k between the production term and a Rotta...
RNA interference-mediated knockdown of SIRT1 and/or SIRT2 in melanoma: Identification of downstream targets by large-scale proteomics analysis

Abstract Melanoma is the most notorious and fatal of all skin cancers and the existing treatment options have not been proven to effectively manage this neoplasm, especially the metastatic disease. Sirtuin (SIRT) proteins have been shown to be differentially expressed in melanoma. We have shown that SIRTs 1 and 2 were overexpressed in melanoma and inhibition of SIRT1 imparts anti-proliferative responses in human melanoma cells. To elucidate the impact of SIRT 1 and/or 2 in melanoma, we created stable knockdowns of SIRTs 1, 2, and their combination using shRNA mediated RNA interference in A375 human melanoma cells. We found that SIRT1 and SIRT1&2 combination knockdown caused a decreased cellular proliferation in melanoma cells. Further, the knockdown of SIRT 1 and/or 2 resulted in a decreased colony formation in melanoma cells. To explore the downstream targets of SIRTs 1 and/or 2, we employed a label-free quantitative nano-LC-MS/MS proteomics analysis using the stable lines. We found aberrant levels of proteins involved in many vital cellular processes, including cytoskeletal organization, ribosomal activity, oxidative stress response, and angiogenesis. These findings provide clear evidence of cellular systems undergoing alterations in response to sirtuin inhibition, and have unveiled several excellent candidates for future study. Significance Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, due to its aggressive nature, metastatic potential, and a lack of sufficient treatment options for advanced disease. Therefore, detailed investigations into the molecular mechanisms of melanoma growth and progression are needed. In the search for candidate genes to serve as therapeutic targets, the sirtuins show promise as they have been found to be upregulated in melanoma and they regulate a large number of proteins involved in cellular processes known to affect tumor growth, such as DNA damage repair, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. In this study, we used a large-scale label-free comparative proteomics system to identify novel protein targets that are affected following knockdown of SIRT1 and/or 2 in A375 metastatic melanoma cell line. Our study offers important insight into the potential downstream targets of SIRTs 1 and/or 2. This may unravel new potential areas of exploration in melanoma research.
Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields and Tissue Engineering of the Joints.

Background: Bone and joint formation, maintenance, and regeneration are regulated by both chemical and physical signals. Among the physical signals there is an increasing realization of the role of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) in the treatment of nonunions of bone fractures. The discovery of the piezoelectric properties of bone by Fukada and Yasuda in 1953 in Japan established the foundation of this field. Pioneering research by Bassett and Brighton and their teams resulted in the approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the use of PEMF in the treatment of fracture healing. Although PEMF has potential applications in joint regeneration in osteoarthritis (OA), this evolving field is still in its infancy and offers novel opportunities. Methods: We have systematically reviewed the literature on the influence of PEMF in joints, including articular cartilage, tendons, and ligaments, of publications from 2000 to 2016. Conclusions: PEMF stimulated chondrocyte proliferation, differentiation, ...
Person-centered approaches in the study of personality disorders

Existing categorical models of personality disorder diagnoses capture heterogeneous populations in terms of symptom presentation and etiological influences on personality pathology. Though several well-validated alternative dimensional trait models (i.e., variable-centered approaches) of personality disorders have been developed, person-centered approaches can provide important additional information on both the phenotypic expression and etiology of personality pathology. We discuss the utility and necessary attributes of person-centered or subtype models of personality disorders and briefly review statistical approaches and other methodological considerations, drawing specific examples from the psychopathy literature. We conclude by advocating a utilitarian approach whereby person-centered and variable-centered methods complement each other to better understand personality disorders. (PsycINFO Database Record
Ultrasonic Imaging of Disbonds in Adhesively Bonded Cylinderical Layers

Adhesively bonded structures are increasingly being used for marine applications. One such application involves the use of adhesively bonded cylinders of polyethylene—rubber—steel. Steel forms the inner-most cylindrical lamina and polyethylene forms the outermost layer of this component. The adhesively sandwiched lamina, rubber, is subjected to axial shear loads—tangential to the curved surfaces. For this component to perform well under load it is necessary that the adhesive bonds at the polyethylene-rubber and steel-rubber interfaces be strong and free of any deleterious delaminations. Any surface areas which are devoid of adhesive, have trapped gas, are not chemically bonded by the adhesive or are simply in mechanical contact, form areas of delaminations detrimental to the performance of these components.
Ergebnisse der Umfrage: «Status quo: Kundennutzen durch digitale Transformation?»

Welchen Beitrag leistet das Prozessmanagement fur die Maximierung des Kundennutzens? Wie lassen Unternehmen die Kundenperspektive in die Prozessgestaltung einfliessen? In welcher Auspragung setzen Unternehmen Kunden‐ und Prozessdaten ein, um Kundenerlebnisse zu individualisieren? Ist dabei Transparenz und Datenherrschaft fur Kunden sichergestellt? Erheben Unternehmen systematisch Digitalisierungspotenzial in ihren Prozessen? Wie steht es um die Durchgangigkeit der Prozesse und welche Formen der Prozessdigitalisierung kommen dabei zum Einsatz? Diese und weitere Fragen standen im Mittelpunkt der Online‐Befragung, die im Rahmen der vorliegenden Studie im Mai 2016 durchgefuhrt wurde.
DD67: Banken verbaseln alles (Juni 2008)

Die so genannten Basel-II-Regeln verlangen von Banken, dass sie die Risiken vermeiden und managen. Tatsachlich aber werden die Risiken erhoht. Das sehen wir ja jetzt. Die Banken haben das Geld nicht sorgsam gehutet, sondern verbaselt. Wie geht das? Ich versuche, Ihnen eine Idee von Risikomanagement zu geben.
Evaluation of a novel cryoablation system: in vitro testing of heat capacity and freezing temperatures.

OBJECTIVE Cryoablation has been used to ablate cardiac tissue for decades and has been shown to be able to replace incisions in the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. This in vitro study evaluates the performance of a novel cryoprobe and compares it with existing commercially available devices. METHODS A new malleable 10-cm aluminum cryoprobe was compared with a rigid 3.5-cm copper linear probe using in vitro testing to evaluate performances under different thermal loads and with different tissue thicknesses. Radial dimensions of ice formation were measured in each water bath by a high-precision laser 2 minutes after the onset of cooling. Probe-surface temperatures were recorded by thermocouples. Tissue temperature was measured at depths of 4 mm and 5 mm from the probe-tissue interface. Time to reach a tissue temperature of -20°C was recorded. RESULTS Ice formation increased significantly with lower water-bath temperatures (P < 0.001). Width and depth of ice formation were significantly less for the rigid linear probe (P < 0.012 and P < 0.001, respectively). There was no difference between the probes in the maximal negative temperature reached under different thermal loads or at different tissue depths. The malleable probe achieved significantly lower temperatures at the proximal compared with the distal end (-61.7°C vs -55.0°C, respectively; P < 0.001). A tissue temperature of -20°C was reached earlier at 4 mm than at 5 mm (P < 0.001) and was achieved significantly faster with the 3011 Maze Linear probe (P < 0.021). CONCLUSIONS The new malleable probe achieved rapid freezing to clinically relevant levels in up to 5-mm-thick tissue. Both probes maintained their performance under a wide range of thermal loads.
Accelerating coupled finite element-kinetic Monte Carlo models: 200 $$\times $$ speedup of shear transformation zone dynamics simulations

Shear transformation zone dynamics models of metallic glass deformation access experimentally-relevant time scales by using the kinetic Monte Carlo method to simulate small, fast, often discrete events, while the finite element method calculates macroscopic shape change and continuum-level interactions within samples. The most time-consuming portion of these models is the finite element method calculation on each step. However, in cases where the finite element mesh geometry and element elastic properties do not change from step to step, the finite element stiffness matrix (and its Cholesky factors) from previous steps can be reused. This strategy improves the asymptotic complexity of these models and in practice accelerates their execution by nearly 200 $$\times $$ . This enables simulation of larger samples in more reasonable time. A set of three-dimensional shear transformation zone dynamics simulations, with larger length scales than any currently in the literature, illustrates the utility of this approach.