cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Results of treatment of patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia referred to the Brewer Trophoblastic Disease Center after failure of treatment elsewhere (1979-2006).

OBJECTIVE: To review treatment results of patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) whose care was transferred to the Brewer Trophoblastic Disease Center after failure of treatment elsewhere from 1979-2006. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty-seven (6.6%) of 408 patients with GTN treated at the Brewer Center from 1979-2006 had received unsuccessful treatment at other institutions prior to transfer to our center. Outcomes were analyzed and compared with 37 patients who received secondary therapy at the Brewer Center from 1962-1978. RESULTS: Overall survival was 93% (25 of 27) in patients treated at the Brewer Center (1979-2006) after failed treatment elsewhere. The most common causes of treatment failure prompting referral to the Brewer Center were (1) use of a single-agent chemotherapy protocol to treat high-risk disease in 11 patients (41%), (2) inappropriate use of weekly methotrexate chemotherapy in 9 patients (33%), (3) failed sequential single-agent chemotherapy in 4 patients (15%), (4) use of the wrong multiagent chemotherapy for high-risk disease in 1 patient (4%) and (5) relapse from remission in 2 patients ( 7%) . CONCLUSION: Successful secondary treatment of GTN improved from 59% during 1962-1978 to 93% during 1979-2006 as a result of better chemotherapy protocols and experience treating the disease.
Oscillatory Burner-Attached Diffusion Flame in a Viscous Vortex

A method for mathematically solving the oscillatory infinite reaction rate diffusion flame is extended to the case where the oscillating convective coflow is either inside of, or adjacent to, a vis...
A Study of Some of the Meteorological Effects on Radio Propagation at 96.3 Mc between Richmond, Va. and Washington, D. C.

This study was made to investigate the relationship of surface meteorological data and corresponding surface refractive indices to radio field strengths in the FM frequency band. For meteorological...
The Last Battle: Victory, Defeat, and the End of World War I. By Peter Hart. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2018. Pp. x, 453. $34.95.)

Peter Hart's The Last Battle gives voice to the soldiers who fought in the final battles of World War I: the Fifth Battle of Ypres, the Battles of the Sambre, the Selle, and the Meuse‐Argonne. It w...
Translating CUDA to OpenCL for hardware generation using neural machine translation

Hardware generation from high-level languages like C/C++ has been one of the dreams of software and hardware engineers for decades. Several high-level synthesis (HLS) or domain-specific languages (DSLs) have been developed to reduce the gap between high-level languages and hardware descriptive languages. However, each language tends to target some specific applications or there is a big learning curve in learning DSLs, which ends up having many program languages and tool chains. To address these challenges, we propose the use of a source-to-source translation to pick and choose which framework to use so that the hardware designer chooses the best target HLS/DSL that can be synthesized to the best performing hardware. In this work, we present source-to-source translation between CUDA to OpenCL using NMT, which we call PLNMT. The contribution of our work is that it develops techniques to generate training inputs. To generate a training dataset, we extract CUDA API usages from CUDA examples and write corresponding OpenCL API usages. With a pair of API usages acquired, we construct API usage trees that helps users find unseen usages from new samples and easily add them to a training input. Our initial results show that we can translate many applications from benchmarks such as CUDA SDK, polybench-gpu, and Rodinia. Furthermore, we show that translated kernel code from CUDA applications can be run in the OpenCL FPGA framework, which implies a new direction of HLS.
Syntheses of vinylindoles via a Brønsted acid catalyzed highly regio- and stereoselective cis-hydroarylation of ynamides ☆

Abstract A highly regio- and stereoselective Bronsted acid-catalyzed coupling of ynamides and indoles is described. This process is the equivalent of hydroarylation of ynamides and leads to the efficient syntheses of vinylindoles. Diels–Alder reaction between the vinylindoles and DMAD afforded carbazole derivatives in good yields.
Black flags and social movements: a sociological analysis of movement anarchism

Dana M. Williams most recent book: Black Flags and Social Movements: A Sociological Analysis of Movement Anarchism (2017) shines a light on the neglect of anarchist movements within sociological an...
Accuracy of Non-Electrocardiographically Gated Thoracic CT Angiography for Right Atrial and Right Ventricular Enlargement.

Right ventricular enlargement and right atrial enlargement can be identified using non–electrocardiographically gated CT angiography.
Three-dimensional contact point determination and contour reconstruction during active whisking behavior of the awake rat

The rodent vibrissal (whisker) system has been studied for decades as a model of active touch sensing. There are no sensors along the length of a whisker; all sensing occurs at the whisker base. Therefore, a large open question in many neuroscience studies is how an animal could estimate the three-dimensional location at which a whisker makes contact with an object. In the present work we simulated the exact shape of a real rat whisker to demonstrate the existence of a unique mapping from triplets of mechanical signals at the whisker base to the three-dimensional whisker-object contact point. We then used high speed video to record whisker deflections as an awake rat whisked against a peg and used the mechanics resulting from those deflections to extract the contact points along the peg surface. A video shows the contour of the peg gradually emerging during active whisking behavior.
Implementing the ICE Estimator in Multilayer Perceptron Classifiers.

This paper describes the techniques used to implement the ICE estimator for a multilayer perceptron model, and reviews the performance of the resulting models. The ICE estimator is implemented in the Apache Spark MultilayerPerceptronClassifier, and shown in cross-validation to outperform the stock MultilayerPerceptronClassifier that uses unadjusted MLE (cross-entropy) loss. The resulting models have identical runtime performance, and similar fitting performance to the stock MLP implementations. Additionally, this approach requires no hyper-parameters, and is therefore viable as a drop-in replacement for cross-entropy optimizing multilayer perceptron classifiers wherever overfitting may be a concern.
Transcriptome profiling and weighted gene co-expression network analysis of early floral development in Aquilegia coerulea

The earliest phases of floral development include a number of crucial processes that lay the foundation for the subsequent morphogenesis of floral organs and success in reproduction. Currently, key transcriptional changes during this developmental window have been characterized in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana, but little is known about how transcriptional dynamics change over the course of these developmental processes in other plant systems. Here, we have conducted the first in-depth transcriptome profiling of early floral development in Aquilegia at four finely dissected developmental stages, with eight biological replicates per stage. Using differential gene expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we identified both crucial genes whose expression changes mark the transitions between developmental stages and hub genes in co-expression modules. Our results support the potential functional conservation of key genes in early floral development that have been identified in other systems, but also reveal a number of previously unknown or overlooked loci that are worthy of further investigation. In addition, our results highlight not only the dynamics of transcriptional regulation during early floral development, but also the potential involvement of the complex, essential networks of small RNA and post-translational regulation to these developmental stages.
Demise of Unruh radiation

Unruh radiation has attracted much interest, particularly because of its relationship to Hawking radiation. But its existence has been challenged by a variety of authors, including ourselves [Phys....
High-resolution x-ray radiography with Fresnel zone plates on the University of Rochester’s OMEGA Laser Systems

Experiments performed at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics with a continuous-wave (cw) x-ray source and on the OMEGA and OMEGA EP Laser Systems [Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997) and Waxer et al., Opt. Photonics News 16, 30 (2005)] have utilized a Fresnel zone plate (FZP) to obtain x-ray images with a spatial resolution as small as ∼1.5 μm. Such FZP images were obtained with a charge-coupled device or a framing camera at energies ranging from 4.5 keV to 6.7 keV using x-ray line emission from both the cw source and high-intensity, laser-beam–illuminated metal foils. In all cases, the resolution test results are determined from patterns and grids backlit by these sources. The resolutions obtained are shown to be due to a combination of the spectral content of the x-ray sources and detector resolution limited by the magnification of the images (14× to 22×). High-speed framing cameras were used to obtain FZP images with frame times as short as ∼30 ps. Double-shell implosions on OMEGA were backlit by laser-irradiated Fe foils, thus obtaining a framing-camera–limited, FZP-image resolution of ∼3 μm–4 μm.
A statistics-based model for cavitating polydisperse bubble clouds and their two-way-flow coupling

Phase-averaged bubbly flow models require statistical moments of the evolving bubble dynamics distributions. Under step forcing, these moments reach a statistical equilibrium in finite time. However, actual flows entail time-dependent pressure forcing and equilibrium is generally not reached. In such cases, the statistics of the evolving bubble population must be represented and evolved. Since phase-averaged models compute these moments point-wise, a low-cost algorithm for this evolution is of particular significance for large-scale simulations. We present a population-balance-based method for this purpose. The bubble dynamic coordinates are treated via a quadrature moment method and conditioned on the equilibrium bubble size. Statistics in the equilibrium bubble size coordinate are computed using a fixed quadrature rule and averaged over the period of bubble oscillation. Results show that two quadrature points in each of the bubble dynamic coordinates are sufficient to quantitatively reproduce key statistics. Further, averaging is shown to remove oscillatory behaviors that do not contribute to the moments. Together, this results in a method capable of tracking the bubble population statistics with significantly less computational expense than Monte Carlo approaches. The generality introduced by including statistics in the bubble dynamics coordinates is explored via acoustically excited bubble screen problems.
Sexting with Romantic Partners During College: Who Does It, Who Doesn’t and Who Wants To

Using data from 2069 romantically involved, randomly sampled, college students (53.8% female; mean age = 20.29; 74.6% White non-Hispanic; 83.0% heterosexual) we examined the prevalence of sexting and sexting interest with current romantic partners. Most students sexted with their current partners (55.3%), 8.9% did not sext but wanted to, 1.9% did not sext but believed their partners wanted to, and 33.8% did not sext and did not want to. Using multinomial logistic regression, we identified demographic and relationship characteristics associated with sexting and sexting interest. Sexting was positively associated with relationship length, stayovers per month, being in long-distance relationships, and sexual attraction to partners. Asian students were less likely to be sexting with their romantic partners. Not sexting but wanting to was positively associated with being in a long-distance relationship, sexual attraction to partners, and being multiracial or another race/ethnicity not listed. Not sexting, but believing one’s partner wanted to, was negatively associated with sexual attraction to partners.
Multi-Modal Image Captioning for the Visually Impaired.

One of the ways blind people understand their surroundings is by clicking images and relying on descriptions generated by image-captioning systems. Current work on captioning images for the visually impaired do not use the textual data present in the image when generating captions. This problem is critical as many visual scenes contain text, and 21% of the questions asked by blind people about the images they click pertain to the text present in them. In this work, we propose altering AoANet, a state-of-the-art image-captioning system, to leverage text detected in the image as an input feature. In addition, we use a pointer-generator network to copy detected text to the caption when tokens need to be reproduced accurately. Our model outperforms AoANet on the benchmark dataset VizWiz, giving a 35% and 16.2% performance improvement on CIDEr and SPICE scores, respectively.
Gulag translations and Cold War antinomies: Notes for a reflexive Translation Studies

This article examines the phenomenon of Gulag translations, or translations done by incarcerated political prisoners in the Soviet Union, and the discourse surrounding it in order to think past the traditional binary of official/dissident that has dominated western scholarship on communist culture for decades. Understanding the discursive overlap of official and non-official or intelligentsia discourse regarding Gulag translations suggests shared values and shared views on translation as noble, self-sacrificing work. This is not to say that the intelligentsia were necessarily mimicking official rhetoric but, more probably, that both official and intelligentsia discourse fed from a common discursive repertoire developed in the nineteenth century. The article highlights the need to evaluate translations and translation thinking within the specific socio-cultural context that produced it and in which it circulates.
Determinants of weight status for the residents of the northwest arctic borough of Alaska

While the consumption of a market-based diet is increasing, subsistence food still forms a part of caloric intake for Northwest Arctic Borough of Alaska residents. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of consumption of a market-based diet compared to a subsistence diet on the body mass index (BMI) of the people living in this region. For this, 82 adult participants were recruited, and their weight and height were measured to calculate the Body Mass Index (BMI). The participants were asked to complete a questionnaire that included questions about their family background, lifestyle, physical fitness and dietary patterns. Linear regression models were used to examine BMI's association with variables of diet and physical activity, followed by correlational analysis between BMI and these variables. No significant correlation was identified between BMI and how often people ate a subsistence-based diet. A strong positive correlation was found between BMI and how often people eat food prepared in a restaurant or ate fast food and junk food. A strong negative correlation was found between BMI and frequency of exercise by the participants. Physical activity and consumption of a western diet rather than a subsistence diet are more significant determinants of BMI among Northwest Arctic Borough of Alaska residents. These results can be used as a baseline for further studies linking diet and health outcomes among this region's residents.
Faster shipping or lower prices? Gender difference in online shipping

Customers prefer not only lower product prices but also faster product delivery when shopping online. Using transaction-level data provided by JD.com, we estimate customer preferences in regards to product price and promised delivery time based on the discrete choice framework. We find indeed that promised delivery time, as well as product price, has a significant impact on customers' purchasing choice, despite the fact that most orders from the data set were delivered within two days. In addition, we find that female customers are more sensitive to product price while male customers are more sensitive to delivery time. The gender difference in the delivery time preference continues to exist even after we control for shoppers' purchase power and shopping behavior. The average willingness-to-pay (WTP) for one-day-faster shipping is less than 7 (Chinese) Yuan for female customers but close to 11 Yuan for male customers, or 63% more to be extra. These results indicate a commonly missed opportunity for online retailers who should be considering more personalized delivery strategies based on customers' genders. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first empirical work that estimates online shoppers' WTP for promised delivery time from individual level data.
Performance Benefits of Extending the AFOV of PET Scanners

Long axial field-of-view (AFOV) PET scanners have valuable benefits for both clinical and research applications. Thus far, two of these scanners are currently operational in the US: the 194-cm uExplorer at UC Davis and the PennPET Explorer at the University of Pennsylvania. We had previously reported performance metrics and human imaging studies on the 64-cm PennPET Explorer and have recently completed extending the AFOV of the scanner to a 5-ring, 112-cm system. We extended the NEMA metrics to scanners longer than 65-cm and performed sensitivity, count rate, spatial resolution, and contrast recovery measurements on the 5-ring system. The sensitivity of the system was 104 kcps/MBq; the peak NEC measured with a 20×70 cm count rate phantom was 1.6 Mcps @ 39 kBq/cc; the axial spatial resolution degraded slightly for the 62° acceptance angle; and the contrast recovery did not degrade as a function of increased axial acceptance angle. Therefore, extending the axial length of the PennPET Explorer from 64 cm to 112 cm, while expanding the acceptance angle, resulted in gains in sensitivity and count rate with minimal degradations in spatial resolution and no degradation of contrast recovery.
Relating genome completeness to functional predictions

Genome and transcriptome assemblies vary in their quality in terms of the connectedness of the assemblies and the amount of biological information captured. Interpreting de novo assemblies from new, poorly characterized, organisms in the context of complex traits can be challenging because, in the absence of a reference, it is difficult to know how much information is enough to claim the presence or absence of a trait. This study uses randomly downsampled proteome files to compare a genome completeness metric, BUSCO, to functional predictions of the complex trait of phagocytosis in known phagocytotic organisms broadly across the eukaryotic tree of life. We find that as additional proteins are added, BUSCO scores increase incrementally, while the phagocytosis prediction follows a sigmoidal curve. Generalizing our findings, we suggest a threshold of the number of BUSCOs detected above which one would expect an accurate prediction, positive or negative, of the complex trait of phagocytosis. While these findings are specific to a single trait, the methods can be extended to consider additional functional traits and predictive frameworks.
Chapter 43 – Ethical Challenges of the Global AIDS Epidemic

This chapter analyzes the ethical and policy issues that emerged in the U.S. as it confronted the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic. These issues are commonly addressed in other economically advanced nations bounded by the liberal tradition, even when the resolution of the controversies that surfaced may have taken divergent forms. Nevertheless, as the ethics of public health took shape in the context of the AIDS epidemic, the critical importance of individual rights—claims of privacy, bodily integrity, and freedom from unwarranted restraints—became clear. Only in later stages of the epidemic, when therapeutic advances made access to care a critical matter, did questions of justice take on greater salience. Finally, the chapter concludes with a discussion of the profound moral challenge posed by the AIDS epidemic in the poorest nations, focusing on the question of access to care, which bore the brunt of the global epidemic that set the stage for vital questions about the moral duties of the world's richest nations to the poorest.
You Too?! Mixed-Initiative LDA Story Matching to Help Teens in Distress

Adolescent cyber-bullying on social networks is a phenomenon that has received widespread attention. Recent work by sociologists has examined this phenomenon under the larger context of teenage drama and it's manifestations on social networks. Tackling cyber-bullying involves two key components – automatic detection of possible cases, and interaction strategies that encourage reflection and emotional support. Key is showing distressed teenagers that they are not alone in their plight. Conventional topic spotting and document classification into labels like "dating" or "sports" are not enough to effectively match stories for this task. In this work, we examine a corpus of 5500 stories from distressed teenagers from a major youth social network. We combine Latent Dirichlet Allocation and human interpretation of its output using principles from sociolinguistics to extract high-level themes in the stories and use them to match new stories to similar ones. A user evaluation of the story matching shows that theme-based retrieval does a better job of finding relevant and effective stories for this application than conventional approaches.
Regulation of the activity of matriptase on epithelial cell surfaces by a blood-derived factor

Matriptase is an epithelial-derived, integral membrane, trypsin-like serine protease. We have shown previously that matriptase exists both in complexed and noncomplexed forms. We now show that the complexed matriptase is an activated, two-chain form, which is inhibited in an acid-sensitive, reversible manner through binding to its cognate, Kunitz-type inhibitor, HAI-1 (hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1). Conversely, the majority of the noncomplexed matriptase is a single-chain zymogen, which lacks binding affinity to HAI-1, suggesting that matriptase, similar to most other serine proteases, is activated by proteolytic cleavage at a canonical activation motif. We have now generated mAbs specific for the conformational changes associated with the proteolytic activation of matriptase. Using these mAbs, which specifically recognize the two-chain form of matriptase, we demonstrate that matriptase is transiently activated on 184A1N4 human mammary epithelial cell surfaces following their exposure to serum. The ability of serum to activate matriptase is highly conserved across reptilian, avian, and mammalian species. This serum-dependent activation of matriptase on epithelial cell surfaces is followed by ectodomain shedding of both matriptase and its Kunitz-type inhibitor.
Abstract PD1-7: Differential expression of innate and adaptive immune responses in TNBC outcome

Introduction: Clinical management of patients with triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) presents a significant challenge. TNBCs tend to relapse early and exhibit poor prognosis compared to other breast cancer subtypes. Recent studies emphasize the influence of the immune system in prognosis of TNBCs. In particular, the percentage of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is associated with breast cancer prognosis and outcomes after conventional therapy in triple negative tumors. However, the biology underlying this immune response is unclear. Methods: To identify differential expression of key immune response markers in TNBC with clinical outcome, we have performed a three-step approach as follows: 1) quantitative LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis using 16 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) triple negative tumors with prognostic outcome and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) performed to determine the biological processes and networks, 2) in silico analysis of prognostic value (10 year- DFMS) with the expression levels of 96 immune response genes using large cohorts of publicly available gene expression datasets (11 Affymetrix datasets), and 3) integrating the quantitative LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis with the in silico analysis to further understand the relation between the type of immune response including innate and adaptive immune responses. Results: LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis identified and quantified a total of 1,560 proteins of which 254 were differentially expressed in TNBC tumors with poor prognosis compared to good prognosis (P≤0.05). IPA analysis revealed inflammatory response and immunological processes as top differentially regulated biological functions in these tumors [P ranging between 7.41E-10 - 8.05E-03 (53 proteins) and 2.59E-09 - 5.80E-03 (69 proteins), respectively)]. The top altered immunologic networks included "Immune cell trafficking" and "cell-mediated immune response". Among the differentially regulated markers from both analyses, osteopontin (OPN or SPP1), STAT1, and MX1 remained highly significant in both proteomic and in silico analyses (P Conclusion: Integrated in silico and proteomic analysis provides clues regarding the relative importance of immune pathways associated with response in breast cancer. This will enable targeting of immune therapies to improve the functionality of the pathways and ultimately in choosing the right patient TNBC subgroup for potential therapeutics, thereby improving the clinical outcome. Citation Format: Yesim Gokmen-Polar, Xianyin Lai, Sunil Badve. Differential expression of innate and adaptive immune responses in TNBC outcome [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PD1-7.
Neural Fuzzy Agents for Database Search

A neural fuzzy system can help learn an agent profile of a user. The fuzzy system uses if-then rules to store and compress the agent's knowledge of the user's likes and dislikes. A neural system uses training data to form and tune the rules. The profile is a preference map or a bumpy utility surface over the space of search objects. Rules define fuzzy patches that cover the bumps as learning unfolds and as the fuzzy agent system gives a finer approximation of the profile. The agent system searches for preferred objects with the learned profile and a new fuzzy measure of similarity. We derive a new supervised learning law that tunes this matching measure with new sample data. Then we test the fuzzy agent profile system on object spaces of flowers and sunsets and test the fuzzy agent matching system on an object space of sunset images.
Consumption of cow's milk as a cause of iron deficiency in infants and toddlers

Consumption of cow's milk (CM) by infants and toddlers has adverse effects on their iron stores, a finding that has been well documented in many localities. Several mechanisms have been identified that may contribute to iron deficiency in this young population group. The most important of these is probably the low iron content of CM, which makes it difficult for infants to obtain the amounts of iron needed for growth. A second mechanism is the occult intestinal blood loss associated with CM consumption during infancy, a condition that affects about 40% of otherwise healthy infants. Loss of iron in the form of blood diminishes with age and ceases after the age of 1 year. A third mechanism is the inhibition of non-heme iron absorption by calcium and casein, both of which are present in high amounts in CM. Fortification of CM with iron, as practiced in some countries, can protect infants and toddlers against CM's negative effects on iron status. Consumption of CM produces a high renal solute load, which leads to a higher urine solute concentration than consumption of breast milk or formula, thereby narrowing the margin of safety during dehydrating events, such as diarrhea. The high protein intake from CM may also place infants at increased risk of obesity in later childhood. It is thus recommended that unmodified, unfortified CM not be fed to infants and that it be fed to toddlers in modest amounts only.
Textiles, dress, and fashion museum website development: strategies and practices

Abstract Museums' use of the Internet, including social networking sites, blogs, and virtual exhibits, can provide new and customized learning opportunities for regular and infrequent visitors. These technologies have the potential to assist museums in making their collections more accessible online, increasing public awareness, and broadening the museums' audiences. To better understand the strategies and practices of textiles, dress, and fashion museum website development, 11 museum professionals were interviewed to understand how websites benefited their museums. Challenges and solutions to creating and maintaining online presence, as well as recommendations for textiles, dress, and fashion museum professionals to consider when making their museum and collection information accessible online, are provided.
Centralized nurse scheduling to simultaneously improve schedule cost and nurse satisfaction

Abstract Nursing managers are faced with rising turnover and shortages of qualified nursing staff. At the same time they are under increased pressure to simultaneously increase patient care and satisfaction while reducing costs. In this study, we examine the impact of centralizing scheduling decisions across departments in a hospital. By pooling nurses from multiple units and scheduling them in one model, improved costs and reduced overtime result. Reduced overtime improves schedules for nurses. Improved satisfaction levels can positively impact turnover rates among nurses. Our results show that by using a centralized model, nursing managers in hospitals can improve the desirability of nurse schedules by approximately 34% and reduce overtime by approximately 80% while simultaneously reducing costs by just under 11%.
Experiments on homing in the limpet Siphonaria normalis

Summary o 1. Individuals of the pulmonate limpet, Siphonaria normalis , found intertidally on Coconut Island, Oahu, Hawaii, were most active as the tide rose and fell past their rocks; consistent homing to scars in the rocks occurred. 2. Rock rotation experiments eliminated the possibility that distant clues (polarized light, sun or moon position, coastal landmarks, sky brightness, gravity) are involved in homing. Experimental animals were able to return home when the rocks were rotated 90 degrees in the horizontal plane or 180 degrees in the vertical plane while the limpets were away from home. 3. A series of displacement experiments eliminated dead-reckoning as a mechanism in homing and confirm that it is not necessary for animals to return home along their outgoing trails. When animals were displaced to various positions around their homes, those snails which were placed in areas over which they had been observed moving on previous occasions returned home directly. Limpets failed to home when placed in areas in which they had not been previously seen. Of the latter several were transplanted a second time onto areas where they had been observed before and returned home directly. 4. Detection of chemical information laid down on the rock during homing excursions and topographic memory remain as possible mechanisms involved in homing.
Modified Brans-Dicke gravitational theory with nonzero divergence of the energy-momentum tensor

The Brans-Dicke theory of gravitation is modified by assuming that the divergence of the energy-momentum tensor is proportional to the covariant derivative of the scalar curvature. No ad hoc additions to the usual Brans-Dicke field equations are required as in Rastall's modification of the Einstein theory or as in the steady-state theories, of which this is a natural possibility. Three parameters emerge from the theory - namely, the unnormalized gravitational constant, the usual Brans-Dicke parameter, and the proportionality constant. In the post-Newtonian approximation, these parameters can be fixed by experiment. However, there exists a certain choice of the parameters for which the theory reduces to an Einstein theory with constant scalar curvature.
READING INDIA'S BANDIT QUEEN : A TRANS/NATIONAL FEMINIST PERSPECTIVE ON THE DISCREPANCIES OF REPRESENTATION

n recent years the question of difference has posed a critical dilemma for research that has engaged in cross-cultural or transnational modes of analysis. On the one hand, feminist research has interrogated the naturalized reproduction of a hegemonic unitary Western subject of feminism (Alarc6n 1990; Butler 1990) and has provided an impetus for the inclusion of differences of race, class, and nation in arenas such as university curricula, academic anthologies, and research agendas. On the other hand, recent research has begun to question the deployment of difference as the "other" once again becomes the site for the production and consumption of a modernist authenticity and purity within a decentered, fragmented age ofpostmodernity (Trinh 1989, 1991; hooks 1990; Chow 1993a). This dilemma, which rests on the link between the desire for and the commodification of difference, has been particularly marked in relation to the question of the representation of the "Third World subaltern woman." Feminist scholars within postcolonial studies have analyzed the processes of re/colonization, which unfold through the production of a homogenized "Third World woman" who is depicted either as a silent victim of (Mohanty 1991) or as a speaking subaltern responding to (Spivak 1988) various structures of oppression.1 The problematic of the power/representation relationship (Foucault 1980) raises the task of confronting the (un)translatability of difference,2 particularly when the boundaries of difference are marked by the figure of the "Third World woman." Gayatri Spivak's now classic essay "Can the Subaltern Speak?" presented feminist scholars with an incisive argument
Compute for mobile devices: performance-focused hands-on tutorial

For modern SoCs used in mobile devices, it is vital to focus on the processing efficiency through leveraging a heterogeneous potential of the architecture. In this tutorial, we offer a hands-on experience with existing APIs for accelerating compute-intensive portions of a mobile application. Specifically, as a first step we introduce the essentials of the most popular general Compute APIs available in the mobile domain, including RenderScript*, OpenCL*, GLES pixel and recently compute shaders (plus quick comparison to more vendor-specific APIs like CUDA* and Metal*). We continue with medium-complexity topics like example API-specific performance tricks in action. Finally, we touch advanced aspects like tools-assisted performance analysis. General focus is on the changes required for the typical user code to leverage good GPU acceleration.
Studies on the mechanism of enhancement of butylated hydroxytoluene-induced mouse lung toxicity by butylated hydroxyanisole.

Abstract The studies described in this report were designed to probe possible mechanisms whereby butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) is able to enhance butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)-induced mouse lung toxicity. In experiments with mouse lung slices, BHA enhanced the covalent binding of BHT to protein, indicating that the interaction between BHA and BHT takes place in the lung. Subcutaneous administration of either BHA (250 mg/kg) or diethyl maleate (DEM, 1 ml/kg) to male CD-1 mice produced a similar enhancement of BHT-induced lung toxicity. In contrast to DEM, the administration of BHA (250 or 1500 mg/kg) did not decrease mouse lung glutathione levels, suggesting that the effect of BHA is not due to the depletion of glutathione levels. We previously observed that in the presence of model peroxidases a unique interaction occurs between BHA and BHT, resulting in the increased metabolic activation of BHT. Upon the addition of hydrogen peroxide or various hydroperoxides to mouse lung microsomes. BHA significantly increased the covalent binding of BHT to protein. BHA also stimulated the rate of formation of hydrogen peroxide by 4.7-fold in mouse lung microsomes. Likewise, hydrogen peroxide resulting from the NADPH cytochrome P -450 ( c ) reductase-catalyzed redox cycling of tert -butylhydroquinone, a microsomal metabolite of BHA, supported the peroxidase-dependent BHA-enhanced formation of BHT-quinone methide. These results suggest that BHA could facilitate the activation of BHT in the lung as a result of both the increased formation of hydrogen peroxide and the subsequent peroxidase-dependent formation of BHT-quinone methide from the direct interaction of BHA with BHT.
Analysis of a latent thermocline storage system with encapsulated phase change materials for concentrating solar power

Storing sun’s energy in the form of latent thermal energy of a phase change material (PCM) offers high volumetric energy storage density resulting in low capital cost. The objective of this paper is to analyze the dynamic behavior of a packed bed thermal energy storage system with encapsulated PCMs, subjected to partial charging and discharging cycles, and constraints on charge and discharge temperatures as encountered in a concentrating solar power (CSP) plant operation. A transient, numerical analysis of a molten salt, single tank latent thermocline energy storage system (LTES) is performed for repeated charging and discharging cycles to investigate its dynamic response. The influence of the design configuration and operating parameters on the dynamic storage and delivery performance of the system is studied to identify configurations that maximize utilization of the storage system. Based on the parametric studies, guidelines are derived for designing a packed bed PCM based storage system for CSP plant operating conditions.
Compressive sensing imaging with randomized lattice sampling: Applications to fast 3D MRI

Fast MRI makes it possible to visualize dynamic biological phenomena and can potentially reduce the cost of diagnostic imaging. Constrained imaging methods such as compressive sense (CS) and optimal lattice sampling (OLS) have proven to be effective for speeding up MRI. In doing so, CS takes advantage of the image sparsity or compressibility and OLS utilizes the known signal/spectrum support. Interestingly, while CS requires sampling to be “randomized” to obtain incoherent artifacts which is critical for reconstruction, OLS mandates sampling to be on a structured lattice. In this paper, we proposed a method to integrate CS with OLS so that both the sparsity and support constraints can be used simultaneously. The method randomizes the sampling on the lattice and minimizes a convex cost function with sparsity constraint and data fidelity terms. Computer simulations in 3D MRI show that the proposed method allows greater accelerations with minimal degradation of the image quality.
Moral internalization, parental power, and the nature of parent-child interaction.

The following arguments are offered for the view that the frequent correlation between discipline and internalization reflects parental influence: (a) Since parental discipline exerts more constraint on the child than the child exerts on the parent, child attributes like internalization that probably derived from behaviors and inner states associated with compliance are more apt to be consequents than antecedents of discipline. (b) Congenital and other factors that may affect discipline do not negate its effects on internalization. It is also hypothesized that discipline is important because it gives children the experience, necessary for internalization, of achieving balance between expressing and controlling desires. The parent-child relation is conceptualized so as to fit the facts of both everyday interaction and long-term effects, especially on the child. (42 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)
Text summarization using Wikipedia

Abstract Automatic text summarization has been an active field of research for many years. Several approaches have been proposed, ranging from simple position and word-frequency methods, to learning and graph based algorithms. The advent of human-generated knowledge bases like Wikipedia offer a further possibility in text summarization – they can be used to understand the input text in terms of salient concepts from the knowledge base. In this paper, we study a novel approach that leverages Wikipedia in conjunction with graph-based ranking. Our approach is to first construct a bipartite sentence–concept graph, and then rank the input sentences using iterative updates on this graph. We consider several models for the bipartite graph, and derive convergence properties under each model. Then, we take up personalized and query-focused summarization, where the sentence ranks additionally depend on user interests and queries, respectively. Finally, we present a Wikipedia-based multi-document summarization algorithm. An important feature of the proposed algorithms is that they enable real-time incremental summarization – users can first view an initial summary, and then request additional content if interested. We evaluate the performance of our proposed summarizer using the ROUGE metric, and the results show that leveraging Wikipedia can significantly improve summary quality. We also present results from a user study, which suggests that using incremental summarization can help in better understanding news articles.
The polyamine diaminodecane (DA-10) produces a voltage-dependent flickery block of single NMDA receptor channels.

Abstract Receptor binding assays have shown that diaminodecane (DA-10) reduced binding of open channel blockers to the N- methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) subtype of postsynaptic glutamate receptor through an interaction with the polyamine regulatory site. Because the action of DA-10 was opposite to that of the polyamine agonist spermine and was reversed by polyamine antagonists, DA-10 has been classified as an inverse agonist at the polyamine site. Using whole-cell voltage-clamp and single-channel recordings from cultured rat cortical neurons, we show that at negative holding potentials DA-10 (1–300 μM) reduced NMDA receptor whole cell current (IC50 = 34 μM) and produced a flickery block of NMDA single-channel currents. The flickery block of NMDA single channels was voltage-dependent and not reversed by the polyamine antagonist diethylenetriamine (DET). Potential mechanisms for the flickery block of NMDA single channel currents are discussed.
Hidden negative spatial autocorrelation

Mostly lip service treatments of negative spatial autocorrelation (NSA) appear in the literature, although spatial scientists confront it in practice. NSA was detected serendipitously in recalcitrant empirical analyses containing a sizeable amount of global positive spatial autocorrelation (PSA) unaccounted for by standard spatial statistical models, and labeled hidden because conventional spatial statistical tools detected only PSA while giving absolutely not hint of NSA existing. The meaning of this phenomenon is explored empirically, with findings including: a better understanding of NSA, spatial filter model construction guidelines, effective illustrations of NSA, and how hidden NSA furnishes a diagnostic for model misspecification.
The influence of foam surfaces on biomechanical variables contributing to postural control

Abstract The individual receptor systems of the somatosensory system include the muscle receptors, joint receptors and mechanoreceptors. This study was intended to investigate how standing on foam surfaces would change the multiple biomechanical variables associated with the functions of each of these individual receptor systems in the foot. Mechanical inputs to these receptors, including the changes in plantar pressures, ankle joint rotation and velocity, as well as postural responses from the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles, were measured during an abrupt toes-up movement of the supporting base. These measurements were compared for three different surface conditions (i.e. hard surface, 1″, and 2″ foams, respectively). A group of 15 healthy, young male subjects participated in the study. The results showed that standing on foam (or soft surface) would affect the inputs to both joint receptors and cutaneous mechanoreceptors in the foot, but not the muscle receptors in the early phase of the platform movement. Furthermore, the medium and long latency responses in the leg muscles appeared to be delayed significantly when standing on foam, while the short latency response in the gastrocnemius muscle was unchanged.
Synthesis and characterization of the sorption properties of oxygen-binding cobalt complexes immobilized in nanoporous materials

Cobalt(II) bis(3-fluorosalicylaldehyde)ethylenediamine (Co(fluomine)), an organometallic complex of known oxygen-binding capacity, has been synthesized in such a way as to anchor this material on t...
Requiem for "Schizophrenia".

In this article a brief overview of the treatment of chronic psychosis for the last two centuries is covered, with particular emphasis on many scientifically demonstrated causes of chronic organic psychosis and their medically successful treatment, including recent neurotransmitter manipulations. With respect for the important contributions of Bleuler, the term “schizophrenic” is considered as an unscientific and unprovable nosological construct, which has hampered the successful resolution of chronic psychosis and has outlived its usefulness in the lexicon of modern psychiatry.
Commentary on “Bloodroot: Life Stories of Nurse Practitioners in Rural Appalachia”

Caldwell (2007) presents us with powerful narrative research, weaving the life stories of nurse practitioners in rural Appalachia with the culture of those who call these ancient mountains home. Moustakas? heuristic phenomenology is used to describe nurse practitioners? experiences of rural nursing in a small Appalachian community. Caldwell uses the metaphor of the bloodroot, a medicinal self-perpetuating wildflower native to Appalachia to symbolize the interconnection between culture and interrelationships of her participants. The participants? stories are illuminated through this metaphor by the process of incubation, which Moustakas calls “a process in which a seed has been planted; the seed undergoes silent nourishment, support, and care that produces a creative awareness of some dimension of a phenomenon or creative integra-tion of its parts or qualities” (Moustakas, 1990, p. 28).
Acculturation and advertising communication strategies: A cross‐cultural study of Chinese and Americans

The development of a world economy produces more and more marketing efforts that cross cultural boundaries. Sometimes these boundaries are a function of nationality; other times they are defined by culture in a broader sense. In any case, marketers and advertisers are becoming increasingly aware of the need to be culturally conscious in their efforts to communicate with people of various cultural origins. Effective communication depends, to a large extent, on the understanding of the dynamics of culture. Acculturation therefore describes the changes in attitudes, values, and behaviors of members of one cultural group toward the norms of the other cultural group. This article examines the relationship between levels of acculturation and consumer attitudes toward advertising-related variables in a cross-cultural empirical study. Based on the discussion of acculturation and empirical results, useful managerial implications are also provided. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.