cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Rapid augmentation of prolactin cell number and secretory capacity by an estrogen-induced factor released from the neurointermediate lobe.

17β-Estradiol (E2) has been shown to exert an acute stimulatory effect on PRL secretion via an indirect action involving the neurointermediate lobe (NIL). In the present study we used a reverse hemolytic plaque assay to determine whether this effect was manifested as an augmentation of the number of PRL secretors and/or an increase in the amount of hormone released per PRL cell. Cultures of anterior pituitary (AP) and NIL cells from ovariectomized rats were cultured overnight, exposed to the treatment (E2 or vehicle) for 3 h, and then subjected to a reverse hemolytic plaque assay that was carried out in the presence or absence of TRH. Concurrent exposure of AP cells to E2 and NIL cells evoked an 11–12% increase in the overall proportion of PRL-secreting cells. This was true when the AP and NIL cells were incubated as a mixed culture and when the two cell types were maintained in the same petri dish but on separate plastic supports, and TRH did not significantly influence this response. The effect of E2 on...
Honeycomb Mirrors of Borosilicate Glass; Current Results and Plans for 7–8m Diameter

The case for making large mirrors for astronomy with borosilicate glass honeycomb structure has been made in an earlier paper (Angel and Hill, 1981). Honeycomb structure gives rigidity in a lightweight mirror as well as low thermal inertia. Mirrors which are in thermal equilibrium with the air hold the promise of better images, since convection at the mirror is eliminated. Thermal expansion of borosilicate glass is problematical in thick mirrors which are likely to be out of thermal equilibrium and hence distorted. This will not be a problem in honeycomb mirrors with thermal time constants of only a few minutes. We believe a single casting technique holds the greatest promise of making borosilicate honeycomb mirror blanks up to 7 meters in diameter. Our work to develop the technique now involves casting test blanks 60cm in diameter but which have the full thickness (33cm), cell size (15cm) and faceplate thickness (2.5cm) needed for a 1.8m mirror.
Police Officer Receptivity to Research and Evidence-Based Policing Examining Variability Within and Across Agencies

Recent calls for police to focus more on integrating research into practice require paying closer attention to how receptive frontline practitioners are to using research. Officers in four U.S. municipal agencies (n = 992) were surveyed to assess their exposure to research, knowledge about the evidence base, view of science, and willingness to evaluate interventions. Multivariate results show that officer awareness of evidence-based policing and willingness to work with researchers are influenced by education and prior research exposure. These factors strongly predict more specific indicators of receptivity. Results also suggest substantial variation in attitudes across agencies, emphasizing the importance of organizational context. The most receptive officers in our sample vary significantly from all others on multiple experience variables.
Detecting Tunnels and Underground Facilities Using Diffracted P-Waves

Numerous near surface geophysical techniques have been applied to the tunnel detection problem. Thus far, successful techniques require differentiating tunnel signature from noise, or a priori knowledge of tunnel location for optimized data acquisition and processing.
Treatment of newly diagnosed AML, RAEB-t or RAEB with lisofylline or placebo in addition to chemotherapy.

Treatment of newly diagnosed AML, RAEB-t or RAEB with lisofylline or placebo in addition to chemotherapy
Effects of the aromatic substitution pattern in cation-π sandwich complexes.

A computational study investigating the effects of the aromatic substitution pattern on the structure and binding energies of cation−π sandwich complexes is reported. The correlation between the binding energies (Ebind) and Hammett substituent constants is approximately the same as what is observed for cation−π half-sandwich complexes. For cation−π sandwich complexes where both aromatics contain substituents the issue of relative conformation is a possible factor in the strength of the binding; however, the work presented here shows the Ebind values are approximately the same regardless of the relative conformation of the two substituted aromatics. Finally, recent computational work has shown conflicting results on whether cation−π sandwich Ebind values (Ebind,S) are approximately equal to twice the respective half-sandwich Ebind values (Ebind,HS), or if cation−π sandwich Ebind,S values are less than double the respective half-sandwich Ebind,HS values. The work presented here shows that for cation−π sandw...
Processing Grain Amaranth for Use in Broiler Diets

Abstract Two experiments were conducted in which grain amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) was processed by autoclaving or extrusion and incorporated into broiler diets at 20 or 40%. In Experiment 1, grain was autoclaved for either 30, 60, or 90 min. Body weight gains and feed efficiencies were similar for the diet containing 20% grain amaranth autoclaved for 60 min and the corn-soybean meal control diet. At 40% inclusion, grain amaranth depressed growth significantly compared with the control diet regardless of autoclaving length. In Experiment 2, grain amaranth was processed by autoclaving and extruding. Only one of the feed efficiencies differed significantly from that of the control diet. Autoclaved amaranth, at 20% of the diet, produced body weight gains similar to the control diet regardless of processing length. When autoclaved amaranth was included into the diets at 40%, gains similar to those of chickens fed the control diet were obtained with processing lengths of either 30 or 45 min. Extruded amaranth, which was included only at 40%, produced body weight gains similar to those of chickens fed the control diet when extrusion was either “dry” or “normal”. These studies indicate that broilers can utilize up to 40% grain amaranth in their rations if the amaranth is properly processed by either autoclaving or by extrusion. At present, there is no sufficient assay to determine if the toxic or feed refusal factor(s) present in amaranth have been sufficiently processed without resorting to chick feeding trials. Further studies are needed to identify these factors in grain amaranth.
Insertable, implantable and wearable micro-optical devices for the early detection of cancer

The emerging combinations of instruments and molecular probe strategies will reveal disease states in finer detail and provide greater information to clinicians for more informed, and directed therapies.
Information Fluency: Not Information Literacy 2.0

Abstract This paper distinguishes information fluency from information literacy as concepts in and approaches to higher education. A review of information fluency literature reveals emphases on defining it, and the importance of collaboration. In addition to distinguishing it from information literacy, this paper identifies two necessary components to information fluency: collaboration and commitment. A table and checklist for assessing these components, along with an exceptionally effective institutional example of information fluency is provided.
Study on the Key Elements Determining Internationally Successful Recreational Agro-tourism

The indicator system for evaluating recreational agro-tourism with international standards were set up and the administration strategy towards Taiwan recreational agro-ecotourism was studied by means of Fuzzy Hierarchy Analysis methodology,so as to provide reference to promoting the international competence of the agro-ecotourism in Taiwan.
A Comparison of Stone Damage Caused by Different Modes of Shock Wave Generation

A standard stone phantom was used to compare stone damage after extracorporeal shock wave administration from electrohydraulic, electromagnetic and piezoelectric lithotripters. For each machine, a low and high shock wave intensity setting was chosen: 18 & 24 kV for electrohydraulic; 16 & 19 kV for electromagnetic; power levels 1 and 4 for piezoelectric. The shock wave was focused either at the front (surface facing the wave source) or back surface of the stone and 50, 100, 200 or 400 shocks were delivered to different stone groups. Effects of varying physical properties in the stone phantom were also investigated. Stone damage was described in terms of volume loss and both depth and width of the resulting damage crater. At the lower intensity settings, all three machines produced stone volume loss which was linearly related to the number of shock delivered. At higher intensity settings, volume loss increased rapidly as the number of shocks increased. With the same number of shocks, stone volume loss was greatest with the electrohydraulic machine, followed by electromagnetic and piezoelectric lithotripters for both low and high intensity settings. Damage craters from the piezoelectric device were narrow and deep; those from the electromagnetic machine were of the shape of a right angle circular cone; whereas those from the electrohydraulic lithotripter were shallow and wide. At the high intensity settings, damage from the piezoelectric and electrohydraulic lithotripters appeared to depend upon the position of the focal point with a higher volume loss when the shock waves were targeted at the front surface of the stone. For the electromagnetic device, a higher volume loss was found when we positioned the focal point at the back surface of the stone phantom. Stone phantoms with lower mechanical strength and acoustic impedance were more easily damaged than those with higher values. Finally, a computer regression model was developed to express volume loss in terms of the intensity setting, focal position and number of shocks for each lithotripter.
Indigenous African Conflict Management Schemes: Analyses and References

The objective of this study is to present notes and references on the indigenous African conflict management systems. I am convinced that the understanding of the indigenous conflict management sys...
Deployment-Related Benefit Finding and Postdeployment Marital Satisfaction in Military Couples.

Extensive research has evaluated potential negative effects of military deployments on romantic relationships. Comparatively few studies have examined potential positive effects of such deployments. In stressful situations, benefit finding (BF) has been found to be linked with better functioning on both individual and interpersonal levels. This study reports on deployment-related BF in a sample of 67 male service members (SMs) who deployed at least once since 9/11/2001 and their wives. Couples completed measures of marital satisfaction at baseline (an average of 1 year postdeployment) and follow-up 4–6 months later. At follow-up, SMs also provided data on symptoms of posttraumatic stress, and both partners provided reports of deployment-related BF. Multivariate path analysis controlling for SMs' PTSD symptom severity revealed that wives' BF was positively associated with increases in SMs' relationship satisfaction. These findings suggest that wives' responses to deployment may be more influential than SMs' responses to deployment on military couples' relationships. This pattern indicates that support for spouses during deployments is essential; furthermore, such support should include an emphasis on trying to facilitate personal growth in spouses.
Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis with Elevated Acetone in a Patient Taking a Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitor.

Abstract Background Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor medications are a class of antihyperglycemic agents that increase urinary glucose excretion by interfering with the reabsorption of glucose in the proximal renal tubules. In May of 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration released a warning concerning a potential increased risk of ketoacidosis and ketosis in patients taking these medications. Case Report We present a case of a 57-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus taking a combination of canagliflozin and metformin who presented with progressive altered mental status over the previous 2 days. Her work-up demonstrated a metabolic acidosis with an anion gap of 38 and a venous serum pH of 7.08. The serum glucose was 168 mg/dL. The urinalysis showed glucose > 500 mg/dL and ketones of 80 mg/dL. Further evaluation demonstrated an elevated serum osmolality of 319 mOsm/kg and an acetone concentration of 93 mg/dL. She was treated with intravenous insulin and fluids, and the metabolic abnormalities and her altered mental status resolved within 36 h. This was the first episode of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) for this patient. Why Should an Emergency Physician Be Aware of This? Diabetic patients on SGLT2 inhibitor medications are at risk for ketoacidosis. Due to the renal glucose-wasting properties of these drugs, they may present with ketoacidosis with only mild elevations in serum glucose, potentially complicating the diagnosis. Acetone is one of the three main ketone bodies formed during DKA and it may be present at considerable concentrations, contributing to the serum osmolality.
Extended Pleurectomy-Decortication–Based Treatment for Advanced Stage Epithelial Mesothelioma Yielding a Median Survival of Nearly Three Years

Background The purpose of this study was to assess survival for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), epithelial subtype, utilizing extended pleurectomy-decortication combined with intraoperative photodynamic therapy (PDT) and adjuvant pemetrexed-based chemotherapy. Methods From 2005 to 2013, 90 patients underwent lung-sparing surgery and PDT for MPM. All patients had a preoperative diagnosis of epithelial subtype, of which 17 proved to be of mixed histology. The remaining 73 patients with pure epithelial subtype were analyzed. All patients received lung-sparing surgery and PDT; 92% also received chemotherapy. The median follow-up was 5.3 years for living patients. Results Macroscopic complete resection was achieved in all 73 patients. Thirty-day mortality was 3% and 90-day mortality was 4%. For all 73 patients (89% American Joint Commission on Cancer stage III/IV, 69% N2 disease, median tumor volume 550 mL), the median overall and disease-free survivals were 3 years and 1.2 years, respectively. For the 19 patients without lymph node metastases (74% stage III/IV, median tumor volume 325 mL), the median overall and disease-free survivals were 7.3 years and 2.3 years, respectively. Conclusions This is a mature dataset for MPM that demonstrates the ability to safely execute a complex treatment plan that included a surgical technique that consistently permitted achieving a macroscopic complete resection while preserving the lung. The role for lung-sparing surgery is unclear but this series demonstrates that it is an option, even for advanced cases. The overall survival of 7.3 years for the node negative subset of patients, still of advanced stage, is encouraging. Of particular interest is the overall survival being approximately triple the disease-free survival, perhaps PDT related. The impact of PDT is unclear, but it is hoped that it will be established by an ongoing randomized trial.
Nanoporous Hybrid Electrolytes for High‐Energy Batteries Based on Reactive Metal Anodes

Successful strategies for stabilizing electrodeposition of reactive metals, including lithium, sodium, and aluminum are a requirement for safe, high-energy electrochemical storage technologies that utilize these metals as anodes. Unstable deposition produces high-surface area dendritic structures at the anode/electrolyte interface, which causes premature cell failure by complex physical and chemical processes that have presented formidable barriers to progress. Here, it is reported that hybrid electrolytes created by infusing conventional liquid electrolytes into nanoporous membranes provide exceptional ability to stabilize Li. Electrochemical cells based on γ-Al2O3 ceramics with pore diameters below a cut-off value above 200 nm exhibit long-term stability even at a current density of 3 mA cm−2. The effect is not limited to ceramics; similar large enhancements in stability are observed for polypropylene membranes with less monodisperse pores below 450 nm. These findings are critically assessed using theories for ion rectification and electrodeposition reactions in porous solids and show that the source of stable electrodeposition in nanoporous electrolytes is fundamental.
Exploring intergenerational continuity in gang membership

Little is known regarding intergenerational continuity in gang membership. Qualitative literature is suggestive of intergenerational parallelism yet no known research examines the causal mechanisms associated with this cycle, if it even exists. Prospective, longitudinal data from the Rochester Youth Development Study (RYDS) and the Rochester Intergenerational Study (RIGS) assess intergenerational continuity in gang membership among 371 parent-child dyads in a series of logistic regressions accounting for moderating influences of parent sex, child sex, parent-child sex combinations, and level of contact. Path analyses reported herein explore whether parenting behaviors mediate the relationship between parent and child gang membership among fathers and mothers, respectively. Three key findings emerge. First, intergenerational continuity in gang membership exists between mothers and daughters and, conditional on contact, between fathers and sons. Second, maltreatment mediates some of this relationship among father-son dyads. Third, no pathways to daughter gang membership were identified among mothers. In sum, this study provides evidence of intergenerational continuity in gang membership and further highlights the importance of parent sex, child sex, and level of contact in intergenerational research. Future research should further explore the causal pathways between parent and child gang membership.
Neutron scattering measurement of water content and chemical composition of alkali-glass powder reacted gel

Abstract Recent studies demonstrated that the added glass powder with high-alumina content could significantly reduce Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) damage in cement concrete. This paper aims to investigate the gel water content, chemical composition and expansion behavior of the alkali-glass powder reacted gel by using neutron scattering and other characterization techniques. Three types of samples were prepared with glass powder, sodium oxide and deuteroxide/hydrogen water with different molar ratios. The swelling potential of this alkali-glass powder reacted gel was much lower than that of the reported alkali-silica reacted gel. The gel water content and chemical compositions were characterized with small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) technique, supported by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), prompt-gamma ray neutron activation analysis (PGAA) measurement. The SAXS test results showed the close scattering intensities, and thus similar internal microstructures among these samples. The elemental molar ratios of gels were obtained from the PGAA test results. Then the gel water molar ratio and mass density were determined by neutron scattering contrast calculation. The determined gel water content from neutron scattering analysis was validated with zero contrast analysis and TGA experimental measurement. Overall, this paper demonstrated the feasibility of using SANS technique to determine the water content of alkali-glass powder reacted gel.
Overcoming Digital Distance: The Challenge of Developing Relational Disciples in the Internet Age:

Jesus' model for discipleship (John 15:1–16) is grounded within a context of human and divine relationships: abiding in Christ, fellowshipping with other disciples, and ministering to needs of othe...
The Effects of Exposure to Negative Social Reactions and Participant Gender on Attitudes and Behavior Toward a Rape Victim

Research has shown that judgments of a rape victim could be influenced by exposure to negative social reactions: students indicated less willingness to provide sympathy and support to a hypothetical rape victim when they learned she had been blamed and stigmatized. The current study, which utilized a sample of 100 college students, replicated and extended these results and showed that men were affected by others' negative social reactions in their hypothetical judgments and in their behavioral responses to a rape victim (sitting farther away). This study demonstrates the potentially far-reaching detrimental influence of negative social reactions.
A Curriculum for Junior Faculty Development

Despite the reality that junior faculty development programs can serve to increase departmental morale, few such programs exist. No existing literature in this area has been previously reported. This paper attempts to elucidate further the need for and obstacles to junior faculty development programs. A model in form and content for curriculum design is reported. This model may serve as a foundation for program developments in this neglected area.
Life, Disease, and Death: A Metaphysical Viewpoint

In our ordinary language and attitudes we tend to preserve a distinction between living and nonliving things. Unless we are speaking to a very young child we do not say the car cannot go because it is sick. We say a wrist watch needs repair but a wrist needs to be healed, an automobile is damaged but a person is injured. Although the crude reductive mechanism of an earlier era is past its high tide, a new mechanistic biology puts forward the claim that a living creature and a machine can be a model for one another ([11], p. 253). Where the old mechanism barred a thinking of purposiveness in nature, the new mechanism looks to cybernetics for a notion of purposiveness applicable equally to organism and machine.1 Man-made machines are termed “self-regulating” insofar as they gather, store, and process information, monitor their own operations, and adjust their performance to a set goal. Is there any reason then why such machines should not be said to sense, remember, learn, adapt? A self-regulating machine performs like an organism. Why should not health be defined as successful performance, sickness as malfunction and death as irreparable breakdown of performance?
Hardly Queer, or Very Queer Indeed? Concluding Thoughts about the Handbook of LGBT Communities, Crime, and Justice

In this chapter, the Handbook editors reflect on the main goals of the volume by revisiting an earlier critique of research with LGBT populations. They synthesize the work in the volume to illustrate how the chapters build on previous work, but expand and clarify central themes within this body of research. They also provide suggestions for the future of queer criminological research.
World Urbanization: Destiny and Reconceptualization

For most of human history, only small populations lived in cities. This changed dramatically about 200 years ago with the Industrial Revolution that involved the development of large-scale manufacturing as the key means of producing goods. Now, cities are rapidly becoming the dominant form of settlement in the world. The great majority is destined to live in population concentrations, and agriculturalists should be a small percentage of the workforce by the end of the century. As I will argue, these patterns are an almost inevitable consequence of striking changes in human technology and the social organization of societies. The story of world urbanization involves much more than staggering growth in numbers. In the early stages of the Industrial Revolution, cities were usually discrete entities with fairly clear demarcation of the boundary between urban and rural. In addition, urbanites typically lived at very high densities by the standards of recent years. Historically, political, social, and geographic boundaries of urban communities were typically coterminous. Now, urban populations live at increasingly low densities, and agglomerations spread out at long distance from their centers in spider-like patterns with ambiguous boundaries between urban and rural. The largest urban centers exert influences on the social character of their hinterlands, even hundreds of miles away. Major urban centers around the globe link with each other in complex patterns of exchange in ideas, goods, and services. The change in the importance and nature of urbanization will have important consequences for rural communities. Using conventional definitions, the proportion of rural populations (especially agricultural workers) will decline. But as the geographic distinction between urban and rural becomes increasingly ambiguous, the terms urban and rural may take on new definitions in relationship to each other. Indeed, the simple distinction between urban and rural may require a reconceptualization that involves the development of new categories.
Morphology and Plate Tectonics: The Modern Polar Oceans

The sea bed morphology of both the Arctic Ocean and the circumpolar Antarctic Seas are poorly known due to their geographic remoteness, harsh climate, and the cover of sea ice in the Arctic and extensive ice shelves in the Antarctic. This paper summarizes the present state knowledge. The future use of aero-gravimetric and satellite altimeter sensors will help to remedy this situation. Both oceanic areas are vital to paleo- and present climate as they are the source of the deep waters of the world’s oceans.
Bang-Bang Free Boundary Control of a Stefan Problem for Metallurgical Length Maintenance

In continuous casting of steel, metallurgical length (ML) is the distance between the exit from the mold and the point of full solidification of a steel slab. This work explores the potential of using the open-loop spray-cooling control to minimize ML deviations from the desired location during casting speed changes under spray flow rate constraints. This objective essentially reduces to motion planning, i.e. apriori generation of spray flow rate commands, which when applied to the process make the latter execute the motion that reduces ML deviations from the setpoint in the shortest time possible. The existence and uniqueness of the solution of the single-phase one-dimensional (1D) Stefan solidification model and its two-dimensional (2D) extension representing the solidifying slab cross-section under bounded bang-bang control and some simplifying but practically justified assumptions are proved. The general synthesis setting for bang-bang control of the single-phase 1D Stefan problem and its 2D extension under boundary flux input constraints is formulated. Then, the bang-bang control for the minimization of the ML deviation from the desired value after the casting speed increase is heuristically found for the 2D slab model through trial-and-error. The simulation results of bang-bang ML control are provided.
Post-traumatic ocular lymphoma in three rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Abstract This report describes post-traumatic ocular lymphoma in 3 companion rabbits; 2 rabbits with unilateral disease and 1 with bilateral disease. Historical findings suggestive of a traumatic event included either external unilateral ocular trauma or bilateral phacoemulsification. Severe corneal changes, presence of an anterior chamber mass(es), low intraocular pressures, and ocular discomfort were noted on ophthalmic examinations. All eyes were treated for variable courses with standard ophthalmic topical medications (antibiotic, anti-inflammatories, and steroid) and systemic anti-inflammatories. Based upon progression of disease, all affected eyes were ultimately enucleated; lenticular capsular rupture and a round cell neoplasm effacing normal structures with variable mitotic indices were noted on histopathology. Neoplastic lymphocytes strongly expressed CD79a via immunohistochemistry and lacked expression for CD3, indicating B lymphocyte lineage and not of T cell lineage. A single animal had evidence of local metastasis to a regional lymph node. Post-traumatic sarcomas have been reported in this species previously, however, these cases are the first reports of this novel round cell variant, named post-traumatic ocular lymphoma due to the B cell lineage confirmed through immunohistochemistry. Clinicians should be aware of this clinical presentation and the possibility of metastasis when evaluating ocular pathology in this species.
New Electrolytic Devices Produce Ammonia with Exceptional Selectivity

Electrolytic ammonia production provides an attractive route for converting renewable energy into chemical energy. Challenges of increasing the ammonia selectivity over the kinetically favored hydrogen evolution reaction are being intensively researched. In recent work, Zheng et al. (2019) reported a hydrophilic-hydrophobic heterostructured Si-based photocathode that achieves 37.8% ammonia selectivity. In another report, Hawtof et al. (2019) claimed 100% ammonia selectivity in a plasma electrolytic system. While both of these exciting works represent two distinct approaches to selectively produce ammonia, both still suffer from poor energy conversion efficiencies.
MME-FaaS Cloud-Native Control for Mobile Networks

The control plane for mobile wireless (eg. cellular) networks faces challenges with respect to scaling, robustness, and handling of bursty traffic. In this paper, we take a cloud-native approach to building a mobile control plane, employing a design that maps transitions of device state to serverless functions. Using a prototype of the LTE/EPC Mobility Management Entity (MME), we demonstrate how to architect a mobile control plane using serverless computing primitives. We demonstrate the practicality of this approach, which differs significantly from designs based on traditional telecom infrastructure.
High Viewership of Videos About Teenage Suicide on YouTube.

The recent rise in suicide rate of teenagers has coincided with their increasing use of social media sites. YouTube is the social media platform most commonly used by teenagers. Recent research studies and news reports have highlighted serious concerns about the nature of information available on YouTube and its potential impact. Owing to such concerns, the aim of our study was to analyze videos about teenage suicide on YouTube and viewers' engagement with them. We conducted a comprehensive search and analyzed unique videos in the English language with ≥1,000 views. The videos were categorized and compared based on their source. The tone of top 10 comments, based on viewer engagement, was analyzed as well. Statistical analysis, including Kruskal-Wallis tests to compare the videos, was conducted. The final analysis included 413 videos, with cumulative 482,736,217 views. Close to half (48.6%) of the videos were educational, and almost a third (29.3%) were about awareness/prevention of teenage suicide. Only 8.2% of videos were from academic sources. Among the 2,500 comments analyzed, 29.5% had a positive tone, and 7.5% expressed frank suicidal ideation or explicitly sought help against such thoughts. In conclusion, the extremely high viewership of videos on teenage suicide, which overwhelmingly convey a positive message, speaks to the demand for such content online and therefore reflects an online cry for help by teenagers. On the same note, this high demand also provides us a great opportunity to engage teenagers for suicide prevention through YouTube.
An interview based approach to the anorectal portion of the International Standards of Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury Exam (I-A-ISNCSCI): a pilot study.

Prospective, single-blinded study. To design and evaluate the use of an interview based version of the anorectal portion of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) exam in the acute inpatient rehabilitation (AIR) setting. AIR unit. Participants admitted to AIR underwent standard ISNCSCI exams (S-ISNCSCI) as part of routine inpatient care within 3 days of being administered an interview version of the anorectal portion of the ISNCSCI (I-A-ISNCSCI). Agreement between the anorectal portion of the S-ISNCSCI (S-A-ISNCSCI) and the I-A-ISNCSCI was evaluated. Forty of forty-five enrolled participants completed the assessments. Agreement between the I-A-ISNCSCI and S-A-ISNCSCI was substantial for anorectal sensation to light touch (k = 0.71, 95% CI 0.52–0.90, N = 36), pin prick (k = 0.68, 95% CI 0.48–0.87, N = 38), deep anal pressure (k = 0.77, 95% CI 0.53–1.00, N = 37), and completeness of injury based on combined sacral sensory criteria (k = 0.72, 95% CI 0.47–0.97, N = 40); and fair for voluntary anal contraction (k = 0.29, 95% CI −0.01 to 0.59, N = 36). Responses of “I don’t know” were excluded from agreement analyses. This pilot study was a first step in developing interview based tools such as the I-A-ISNCSCI in an AIR setting providing convenient access to individuals with SCI and their direct feedback. The study design introduces potential recall bias and may not match true clinical situations such as remote follow-up of neurological changes for chronic patients. The use of interview based tools for assessing individuals with SCI remains worthy of further study.
Low-Volume and High-Volume Readers of Neurological and Musculoskeletal MRI: Achieving Subspecialization in Radiology.

Author(s): Trinh, Brian; Calabrese, Evan; Vu, Thienkhai; Forman, Howard P; Haas, Brian M | Abstract: ObjectiveDifferentiate high- versus low-volume radiologists who interpret neurological (Neuro) MRI or musculoskeletal (MSK) MRI and measure the proportion of Neuro and MSK MRIs read by low-volume radiologists.MethodsWe queried the 2015 Medicare Physician and Other Supplier Public Use File for radiologists who submitted claims for Neuro or MSK MRIs. Radiologists were classified as high-volume versus low-volume based on their work relative value units (wRVUs) focus or volume of studies interpreted using three different methodologies: Method 1, percentage of wRVUs in Neuro or MSK MRI; Method 2, absolute number of Neuro or MSK MRIs interpreted; and Method 3, both percentage and absolute number. Multiple thresholds with each methodology were tested, and the percentage of Neuro or MSK MRIs interpreted by low-volume radiologists was calculated for each threshold.ResultsWith Method 1, 33% of Neuro MRI and 50% of MSK MRI studies were interpreted by a radiologist whose wRVUs in Neuro or MSK MRI were less than 20% (Method 1). With Method 2, 22% of Neuro MRIs and 37% of MSK MRIs were interpreted by radiologists who read fewer than the mean number of Neuro or MSK MRIs interpreted by an "average full-time radiologist" whose wRVUs in Neuro or MSK MRI were approximately 20%. With Method 3, 38% of Neuro MRIs and 57% of MSK MRIs were interpreted by "low-volume" radiologists. If instead a 50% wRVU threshold is used for Methods One, Two, and Three, then 70%, 58%, and 77% of Neuro MRIs and 86%, 80%, and 90% of MSK MRIs are read by low-volume radiologists.DiscussionA large number of radiologists read a low volume of Neuro or MSK MRIs; these low-volume Neuro or MSK MRI radiologistsnread a substantial portion of Neuro or MSK MRIs. It is unknown which of the methods for distinguishing low-volume radiologists, combined with which threshold, may best correlate with high-performing or low-performing radiologists.
Rapping About Rap: Parental Mediation of Gender-Stereotyped Media Content

This article examines adolescent reports of parental mediation of hip-hop music videos, a medium that has been celebrated for its artistry and empowering youth, yet criticized for stereotyped portr...
Artificial intelligence-driven structurization of diagnostic information in free-text pathology reports

Background: Free-text sections of pathology reports contain the most important information from a diagnostic standpoint. However, this information is largely underutilized for computer-based analytics. The vast majority of NLP-based methods lack a capacity to accurately extract complex diagnostic entities and relationships among them as well as to provide an adequate knowledge representation for downstream data-mining applications. Methods: In this paper, we introduce a novel informatics pipeline that extends open information extraction (openIE) techniques with artificial intelligence (AI) based modeling to extract and transform complex diagnostic entities and relationships among them into Knowledge Graphs (KGs) of relational triples (RTs). Results: Evaluation studies have demonstrated that the pipeline's output significantly differs from a random process. The semantic similarity with original reports is high (Mean Weighted Overlap of 0.83). The precision and recall of extracted RTs based on experts' assessment were 0.925 and 0.841 respectively (P
Annals On Call - Impact of Estrogens After Hysterectomy

In this episode of Annals On Call, Dr. Centor discusses use of estrogen therapy in women who have had hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with Dr. JoAnn E. Manson.
Evaluation of multiple factors for comparison of SUV in F18-FDG PET studies

2135 Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate multiple factors for comparison of Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) in F18 FDG PET tumor imaging. The factors evaluated were definition of regions of interest, image reconstruction and image processing. Methods : Twenty patients with single pulmonary nodules and five with multiple nodules were evaluated for this study. Whole body scanning was performed 45 minute post injection of 15 mCi (+/- 10%) of F18 FDG on a dedicated PET scanner (Siemens-CTI eCat Exact). Camera setup: EM 7 min/TX 3 min per section at 30% energy window centered at 511 keV, 128 x 128 matrixes. The studies were processed on CTI workstation using the Applauncher software. OS-EM reconstruction was employed with 2 iterations and Gaussian filter. Reconstructed images were then transferred to a Siemens eSoft workstation for image display and analysis. Using the eSoft ROI tool, regions of interest were adjusted around the hot nodules in the pulmonary area. The eSoft software automatically defines the ROI by iso-contour and calculates activity in Bq/ml, lesion volume and average SUV within the region. Calculations of the SUV and other parameters were repeated by adjusting iso-contour threshold to 10%, 25%, 35%, and 50% respectively. Additional ROI’s were obtained for hand drawn region of interest traced very close to the same pulmonary nodules Results : Average lesion size was 3.9 cm3 at 50% iso-contour and increased to 5.9 cm3 when the iso-contour was 10%. Following table listed average SUV, tumor uptake of radioactivity and volume as well for one patient. Conclusions : Manually adjusting the iso-contour to fit the lesion based on visual inspection on PET images demonstrated significant difference between a pre-set threshold and image guided iso-contour on the lesion size, activity uptake and the average SUV. Further evaluation should include quantitative image analysis and phantom test.
New Methods and Novel Framework for Hypersurface Curvature Determination and Analysis

New methods for hypersurface (that is, 3-dimensional manifold) curvature determination in volumetric data areintroduced. One method is convolution-based. Another method is spline-based. Method accuracy is also analyzed,with that analysis involving comparison of the methods with each other as well as against two existing convolution-based methods. The accuracy analysis utilizes a novel framework that enables curvature determination methodaccuracy analysis via dynamically generated synthetic test datasets formed from continuous trivariate functions.Such functions enable accuracy analysis versus ground truth. The framework is also described here.
Open-Source Software-Defined Radio Receiver Platform for Harmonic Radar Applications to Track Airborne Insects

We report on the development and integration of a cost-effective, open-source software-defined radio (SDR) receiver into a harmonic radar system to study the movement patterns of insect pollinators. A Raspberry Pi along with the SDR collects data to process it and subsequently transfers it wirelessly via an ad-hoc WiFi network to a host computer. This remote access receiver was programmed fully using Python. We describe the SDR system along with preliminary testing of the radar receiver in a laboratory setting.
Inference in Two-Step Panel Data Models with Time-Invariant Regressors: Bootstrap Versus Analytic Estimators

The primary advantage of panel data is the ability they afford to control for unobserved heterogeneity. The fixed-effects (FE) estimator is by far the most popular technique for exploiting this advantage, but it eliminates any time-invariant regressors in the model along with the unobserved effects. Their partial effects can be easily recovered in a second-step regression of residuals constructed from the FE estimator and the group means of the time-invariant variables. In this paper, we reconsider such a two-step estimation procedure, derive its correct asymptotic covariance matrix, and compare conventional inference based on the asymptotic formula to bootstrap alternatives. Bootstrapping has a natural appeal, because of the complications associated with estimating the asymptotic covariance matrix and the inherent finite-sample bias of the resulting standard errors. We adapt the pairs and wild bootstrap to our two-step panel-data setup and show that both procedures are unbiased. Using Monte Carlo methods, we compare the error in rejection probability (ERP) of t-tests, measured as the difference between their actual and nominal size, and the power of such tests for the asymptotic and bootstrap estimators. Bootstrap estimators show small ERPs, even with a small number of cross-sectional observations, N, and clearly dominate the asymptotic method based on ERP and power. Bootstrap ERPs drop to nearly zero with N = 250, while those of the asymptotic methods are still substantial. This dominance diminishes but continues until N = 1, 000 and the number of time-series observations equals 20, so that inference with smaller samples is problematic using the asymptotic formula.
Translating Property: The Maxwell Land Grant and the Conflict over Land in the American West, 1840-1900

List of Illustrations Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Contested Boundaries 2. Regulating Land, Labor, and Bodies: Mexican Married Women, Peones, and the Remains of Feudalism 3. From Hacienda to Colony 4. Prejudice, Confrontation, and Resistance: Taking Control of the Grant 5. The Law of the Land: U.S. v. Maxwell Land Grant Company 6. The Legacy of Land Grants in the American West Notes Bibliography Index
A Comparison of Professional Development Practices in Rural and Urban High School

Because standards-based reform emphasizes improved teaching as the best path to increased learning and improved student performance, one would expect high performing schools to be implementing effective professional development practices. This study examines professional development practices in high performing urban and persistently low achieving rural high schools in Kentucky. Findings from the non-experimental descriptive study suggest similarities in professional development practices between the two groups. Differences existed in how well leadership addresses teacher professional development needs and in sufficient training to utilize instructional technology. Characteristics of effective professional development are not being fully implemented in either group of schools.
Purpose-Driven navigation

Navigation in the context of GIS (Geographic Information Systems) is associated with a sequence of pan and zoom operations that lead to a specific destination. Navigation, in this context, leads a user to an a priori desired destination. There are cases, however, when users may not have a clear idea of a single destination. In this work, we propose richer navigational schemes by augmenting the concept of navigation to be broader than the goal of arriving at a single destination. This is achieved by identifying typical patterns of map use and the purposes behind such patterns, and defining corresponding navigational schemes. The proposed technique enables what we call purpose-driven navigation of maps, e.g., “scan region” or “explore neighborhood”. We present example scenarios that demonstrate the benefit of purpose-driven navigation.
Globalization…When is it Right for a Small American Company?

Today’s companies are instantly evolving and developing. As a company grows, so does its appetite for profit. Most believe that off shore-outsourcing is a quick solution to reduce costs and therefore increase profit. Though there may be occasions where this may be the answer, there is more to consider when introducing your company to an increased risk of failure. Globalization may not be the answer your company is currently looking for; however, acknowledging this issue can save your company time and money. Timing is also an important factor on how it can change your outcome of failure to success. The globalization process needs to be set and followed so that goals are met and continue to be met in the new market. This is why it is important to really consider the market you are entering and why you choose it. This research study will consider how the globalizations process can lead to success or failure. The role of an entrepreneur in a society is a difficult one. Entrepreneurs in second or third world countries face obstacles that entrepreneurs in the United States could not even dream of. In Mexico for instance the decision to open a restaurant will most likely involve illegal payments to the inspector and licensing board. In countries like Kenya and Guatemala there is a total lack of basic infrastructure like health care, sanitation, transportation and basic institutions such as stable political party’s neighborhood and legal systems free of corruption, that entrepreneurs in the United States often take for granted. The decision to sell your product in a second or third world country must take into account all that is lacking in terms political economic, social and legal institutions that as of already stated, entrepreneurs take for granted.
‘Holy Entrepreneur’: Agilbert, a Merovingian Bishop between Ireland, England and Francia

Agilbert born in 610 into a Neustrian family influenced by Columbanus, went to southern Ireland where he studied scripture and was ordained bishop. He was a missionary bishop in Wessex c.648-60, when he returned to Francia. He headed the Roman delegation at the synod of Whitby in 664 and ordained Wilfrid priest. Before becoming bishop of Paris in 668, he was also instrumental in Wilfrid’s consecration as bishop, and may have been responsible for Wilfrid’s involvement in the return of the Merovingian royal, Dagobert II, from Ireland to Francia in 676. This paper gives a context for Agilbert’s reported activities and associations in Ireland, England and Francia and concludes that these are plausible within the pluralistic christianity of the seventh century.
Blurring the Boundaries or Muddying the Waters

This paper outlines reflections by two tutors in Initial Teacher Education on ways design and technology (D&T) has been included in cross-curricular modules at our institution. These modules were a new addition to our courses in response to a conviction by tutors that crosscurricular teaching and learning in primary schools is important for children’s education and well being. We felt that this approach would support a move towards a more creative curriculum. Often we found that students were unfamiliar with cross-curricular teaching and learning and we discuss how we have been developing strategies and pedagogies to support their understanding of this approach. We are convinced that, in order to raise the status of D&T there is a need to provide exciting and relevant contexts for learning subject specific knowledge and skills, as well as those which cross curricular boundaries.