cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
THE FUNCTION OF FIBROCARTILAGINOUS FRACTURE CALLUS. OBSERVATIONS ON TRANSPLANTS LABELLED WITH TRITIATED THYMIDINE.

1. Autografts, isografts and homografts of fibrocartilaginous callus were observed in the anterior chamber of the eye in rats. Proliferation of cartilage ceased, endochondral ossification followed, and the end-product was a new and complete ossicle with a cortex and a marrow cavity. The size and shape of the ossicle was determined by the size and shape of the sample of callus. Thus the callus in the eye performed the function of a cartilage model like that of the developing epiphysis or a healing fracture of a long bone. 2. Fibrocartilaginous callus, heavily labelled with 3 H-thymidine, was transplanted to the eye twenty-four hours after the last injection, when there was little if any radioactive thymidine circulating in the blood. A few small chondrocytes with labelled nuclei persisted in the cores of new bone trabeculae, but the largest part of the labelled callus was resorbed and replaced by unlabelled new bone. 3. Homografts of labelled callus produced the same results as autografts at twenty-five days, but between twenty-five and forty-five days the donor cells were destroyed by the immune response of the host. 4. Isogenous transplants in host rats treated with 3 H-thymidine between nine and thirteen days, when the callus was invaded by new blood vessels, produced many osteogenetic cells with labelled nuclei and made it possible to trace the origin of the new bone. The label appeared in the progenitor cells within twenty-four hours. While remaining thereafter in progenitor cells, it appeared also in osteoclasts (or chondroclasts) and osteoblasts in forty-eight to seventy-two hours, and in osteocytes in ninety-six to 120 hours. Chondrocytes did not proliferate and were not labelled in the eye. 5. Homogenous transplants in host rats treated with 3 H-thymidine between five and one days before the operation also produced new bone, but contained no labelled osteoprogenitor or bone cells after twenty-five days in the eye. At forty-five days the donor tissue had been destroyed by the immune response of the host. 6. Devitalised callus was encapsulated in inflammatory connective tissue and scar. When the dead callus was absorbed by the capillaries of the host new bone formation by induction produced a scanty deposit as a delayed event in a few instances. 7. Irrespective of whether it originated in the donor or the host, a connective-tissue cell type that proliferated rapidly and became labelled with 3 H-thymidine was identified as a progenitor cell. Differentiation and specialisation as osteoprogenitor cells occurred after the growth of blood vessels into the interior of the callus, and developed inside of excavation chambers in cartilage. Except that the interaction of the donor tissue and host cells leading to new bone formation by induction takes place in the interior of the excavation chamber, the biophysico-chemical mechanism is unknown.
Trapping guests within a nanoporous metal-organic framework through pressure-induced amorphization.

The release of guest species from within a nanoporous metal–organic framework (MOF) has been inhibited by amorphization of the guest-loaded framework structure under applied pressure. Thermogravimetric analyses have shown that by amorphizing ZIF-8 following sorption of molecular I2, a hazardous radiological byproduct of nuclear energy production, the pore apertures in the framework are sufficiently distorted to kinetically trap I2 and improve I2 retention. Pair distribution function (PDF) analysis indicates that the local structure of the captive I2 remains essentially unchanged upon amorphization of the framework, with the amorphization occurring under the same conditions for the vacant and guest-loaded framework. The low, accessible pressure range needed to effect this change in desorption is much lower than in tradition sorbents such as zeolites, opening the possibility for new molecular capture, interim storage, or controlled release applications.
Research on the Remote Analysis System for Machine Tools' Components Based on Web and ANSYS

The architectureof remote analysis system based on web for machine tools' components was introduced in this article. The realization and components of the architecture were discussed in detail. At last,an instance was given to illustrate the function of the system.
Crystal structure of 3-bromo­pyridine N-oxide

In the title compound, C5H4BrNO, there are two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit that are related by a pseudo-inversion center. The two independent mol­ecules are approximately planar, with an observed (ring–ring) angle of 5.49 (13)°. The crystal structure exhibits a herringbone pattern with the zigzag running along the b-axis direction. The least-squares plane containing the rings of both asymmetric molecules and the plane containing the symmetrically related mol­ecules make a plane–plane angle of 66.69 (10)°, which makes the bend of the herringbone pattern. The bromo group on one mol­ecule points to the bromo group on the neighboring mol­ecule, with a Br⋯Br inter­molecular distance of 4.0408 (16) A. The herringbone layer-to-layer distance is 3.431 (4) A with a shift of 1.742 (7) A. There are no short contacts, hydrogen bonds, or π–π inter­actions.
Vitamin preparations: proper use in medical practice.

The nutrition standards known as the RDA have been designed to maintain good nutrition in practically all healthy persons. They do not cover special needs arising from prolonged illness or deficiencies of specific nutrients. They are, however, useful guides when the prescription of vitamin preparations is indicated.
Links between Join Processing and Convex Geometry.

This talk will survey some results on join processing that use inequalities from convex geometry. Recently, Ngo, Porat, Rudra, and Re (NPRR) discovered the first relational join algorithm with worst-case optimal running time [8]. Since the seminal System R project [12], the dominant database optimizer paradigm optimizes a join query by examining each pair of joins and then combining these estimates using dynamic programming. In contrast, NPRR examines all relations at the same time. This change to the “one-join-at-a-time” dogma is important for performance: there are classes of queries for which any join-project plan is destined to be slower than the best possible run time by a polynomial factor in size of the data. NPRR’s analysis makes a link from database theory to a pair of beautiful inequalities: one due to Atserias, Grohe, and Marx from computer science [2] and one due to Bollobas and Thomason from geometry [4, Theorem 2]. In a recent survey with Ngo and Rudra [9], we simplified the algorithms and the arguments for such worst-case optimal join algorithms, and I plan to present these simplified results. Additionally, I plan to describe the LeapFrog TrieJoin, a worst-case optimizer from LogicBlox [14]. Similar inequalities also underpin recent efforts to optimize join algorithms on parallel infrastructures like MapReduce [1, 3].
The efficacy of photoscreening for amblyopiagenic factors in a high risk population.

BACKGROUND: Amblyopia is the leading cause of monocular "legal" blindness in children and young adults, affecting 3% to 5% of the population. Factors producing amblyopia can be detected through a complete eye examination. Although it is important to treat children at risk for amblyopia as early as possible, appropriate screening methods for severely impaired individuals are lacking. The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of a photoscreening camera to detect amblyopiagenic factors (strabismus, unequal refractive error, and media opacities) in a group of disabled children, who were currently unscreenable with standard methodology. METHODS: Fifty-four high risk individuals, 6-20 years in age, were evaluated for amblyopiagenic factors using the MTI photoscreening camera, pre- and post-cycloplegia. The "gold standard" for comparison was a concurrent complete eye examination, including ocular health, visual acuity estimation, motility, ophthalmoscopy and clinical cycloplegic refractive error determination. Criteria for a "failure" on the clinical examination included myopia greater than -1.00 diopters (D), hyperopia greater than +3.00 D (2-6 years) and greater than +2 D (over 6 years), astigmatism greater than 1.5 D, unequal refractive error greater than 1.5 D, any strabismus, or any media opacity. RESULTS: Fifty- four individuals with disabilities, deemed untestable by standard vision screenings, were evaluated. The number of children with amblyopiagenic factors by complete cycloplegic ophthalmologic examination was 30 (55%) and by photoscreening was 25 (46%). Using the MTI photoscreener, the sensitivity was determined to be 83% with a specificity of 79%. The positive and negative predictive values of photoscreening were 83% and 79% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The MTI photoscreener can detect such amblyopiagenic factors as high refractive error, strabismus, unequal refractive error, and significant media opacity. Photoscreening is an excellent way of obtaining valid vision screening with limited patient cooperation. Using photoscreening data, proper referrals can be made and prioritized for disabled individuals.
Monitorability of stochastic dynamical systems

Monitoring is an important run time correctness checking mechanism. This paper introduces the notions of monitorability and strong monitorability for partially observable stochastic systems, and gives necessary and sufficient conditions characterizing them. It also presents important decidability and complexity results for checking these properties for finite state systems. Furthermore, it presents general monitoring techniques for the case when systems are modeled as quantized probabilistic hybrid automata, and the properties are specified as safety or liveness automata. Experimental results showing the effectiveness of the methods are given.
Political legitimacy and economic development: The role of agriculture in Costa Rica

This article argues that rapid agricultural growth, the benefits of which are broadly diffused, promotes structural change and economic development via a process which has, for the most part, gone unrecognized. Specifically, broad-based agricultural growth produces legitimacy for the political elite and this allows them to restructure the coalition upon which they depend. Thus, the influence on policy of the agrarian and/or merchant based elites can be reduced while that of manufacturing and export manufacturing based elites increased. Government policy can then be successfully reoriented to promote growth in manufacturing via structural change. The experience of Costa Rica is used to illustrate these ideas.
Correlation of WNT/β-catenin pathway activation with immune exclusion across most human cancers.

3004Background: The presence of intra-tumoral CD8+T cells has been associated with clinical benefit to immunotherapy and patients can be categorized based on the presence or absence of a T cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment. Molecular mechanisms underpinning the absence of a T cell response are beginning to be understood with identification of the WNT/β-catenin pathway playing a major role in melanoma. Methods: Gene expression data from TCGA was segregated using a T cell-inflamed gene expression signature to identify patient samples by immune phenotype. Within the subset of each tumor histology lacking the T cell signature, exomic sequencing data was interrogated for mutations and pathway analysis was performed to identify gene expression changes predicted to activate the β-catenin signaling pathway. Immunohistochemistry was performed on human primary and metastatic specimens of multiple tumor histologies to correlate the presence of nuclear β-catenin with the lack of a T cell infiltrate. Results: Predi...
Abstract 4420: Heparan sulfate proteoglycans mediate SW13 oncogenic potential and response to granulin

The SW13 adrenal adenocarcinoma cell line exists as two epigenetically and phenotypically distinct subtypes. One is a highly proliferative epithelial subtype lacking the expression of key tumor suppressor proteins, Brm and Brg1, the intermediate filament protein vimentin, and the cell cycle check point protein CD44 (SW13-), while the other is a slow growing, mesenchymal-like subtype which expresses all of these proteins (SW13+). Evidence strongly suggests that subtype determination is epigenetic in nature, as HDAC inhibitors can induce an SW13- to SW13+ subtype switch, but the cellular and environmental factors that regulate cellular phenotype have yet to be characterized. We performed a comprehensive microarray analysis and identified heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) binding as a primary pathway affected between these two subtypes. HSPGs are glycoproteins present in the extracellular matrix that can have tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressing activities depending on the number and sulfation status of attached sugar chains known as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Quantitative RT-PCR was then used to confirm the increased expression of the HSPGs, serglycin and glypican-3, as well as the HSPG-binding growth factors granulin and fibroblast growth factors-1 and -2 in SW13+ cells. Furthermore, HDAC inhibition was also shown to increase the expression of these genes in a time-dependent manner. As granulin over-production is associated with cancer progression in a number of human cancers, we were interested in examining the role of this HSPG binding growth factor further. A pro-granulin ELISA showed that SW13+ cells secrete significantly more granulin than SW13- cells. Intriguingly however, treatment with exogenous granulin increases growth rates in the already highly proliferative SW13- subtype, but had no effect on SW13+ growth. We hypothesized that the pleiotropic response of SW13 cells to growth factor treatment may be the result of HSPG post-translational modifications, so we assessed total GAG sulfation was by dimethylmethylene blue assay, and indeed the SW13+ cells were found to have significantly higher levels of total GAG sulfation than SW13- cells. Thus, transcriptional and post-translational modifications of HSPGs may contribute to SW13 phenotype control, and ultimately may affect tumorigenesis. Citation Format: McKale Davis, Elizabeth Hull. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans mediate SW13 oncogenic potential and response to granulin. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4420.
Cross-cultural issues in consumer behavior

O ne of the most difficult choices that multinational corporations face is deciding whether to run the same marketing campaign globally or to customize it to the local taste in different countries. In many cases, companies develop their marketing strategy in one country and then do "disaster checking" as they launch the same strategy in other countries instead of trying to discover what would work best in each market (Clegg, 2005). This often leads to ineffective marketing campaigns and damaged reputations. As new global markets emerge, and existing markets become increasingly segmented along ethnic or subcultural lines, the need to market effectively to consumers who have different cultural values has never been more important. Thus, it is no surprise that in the last decade or so, culture has rapidly emerged as a central focus of research in consumer behavior.
Cancer screening compliance in an underserved population

A112 Introduction: Cancer screening has been shown to be effective in prevention and early detection of certain cancers. However, one of the barriers to the effectiveness of screening programs is low compliance with the recommended frequency of screening. This study was undertaken to investigate factors that affect compliance with cancer screening recommendations in a historically underserved population. Methods: 7362 individuals age 40 and over screened for breast, cervical, colon or prostate cancer in Northwestern Louisiana since 1999 were used for study. For this study, screening compliance is defined as average return to screening clinic between 300 to 540 days since initial screening. Factors studied include age, sex, race, marital status, smoking history, personal history of cancer, family history of cancer, chronic disease status, income, physical activity and alcohol ingestion history. Chronic disease status is defined as self-reported ever had any following diseases: heart disease, heart attack, stroke, diabetes, and blood clot and polyps of colon. All p-values $20,000 per year, physically active and female were more likely to comply with screening recommendations suggesting that special attention be given to the other subpopulations.
THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF A RABBIT RESPIRATORY INFECTION : I. INTRODUCTION.

100 adult rabbits taken at random from The Rockefeller Institute animal house were examined clinically, anatomically, and bacteriologically for evidence of respiratory infection. 58 of these rabbits proved to have snuffles; 42 were free of the disease. Bacterium lepisepticum was the predominating organism in the nasal flora of 55 of the 58 rabbits showing snuffles. This organism was also cultured from the nasal passages of eight normal rabbits. Bacillus bronchisepticus was associated with Bacterium lepisepticum in the nasal flora of eight rabbits with snuffles. It was also cultured from the nares of twenty-two normal rabbits. Fifteen normal rabbits showed neither Bacterium lepisepticum nor Bacillus bronchisepticus .
Engineering at the Microorganism Scale

Publisher Summary This chapter highlights engineering at the microorganism scale. The size range of microbial cells, microbial aggregates, and gas bubbles is reasonable for considering micro effects. Eddies in fermentation fluids are roughly of these dimensions and there would be little to gain from a smaller scale of reference. Although certain aspects of surface activity are understood on a molecular level, the microorganism scale seems more appropriate for advancing the status of practical processes. On a practical level, consideration of microscopic effects lends insight to mixing and aeration. Mixing is important because it creates velocity gradients so that cells can migrate away from fluid elements that they have depleted of oxygen and nutrients. Gentle mixing has little effect because the gradients are weak. Creating velocity gradients should be an aim of fermentation engineers, but excessive mixing is costly and may damage cells. Size, strength, and type of aggregation of cells must not be ignored and may be improved by biologists to better suit the needs of engineers. The traditional concept that mass transfer rate is dependent on area, a driving force, and diffusion constants is not of much value on a microscopic scale, where there are abrupt changes in cell dimensions and there are variations in concentrations of nutrients and dissolved gases. Aggregation, orientation in respect to fluid streamlines, and location of cells can play important roles in establishing rates of mass transfer. While there are formidable challenges in developing a coherent and integrated frame of reference, pointing out the complexities of mass transfer at the cellular level should be a stimulus to research.
Abstract IA13: Ribosome stalling and disease

La Jolla, CA. Protein synthesis is vital for cell function and disturbances in translation are associated with cancer, neurological disorders and other diseases. Although regulation of translation is thought to largely occur at initiation, elongation, the reiterative addition of amino acids by the ribosome, is emerging as a translational phase that is also highly regulated. Transfer RNAs, the adaptor molecules essential for elongation are encoded by several hundreds of nuclear genes in higher eukaryotes suggesting great functional redundancy. Our work has defined epistatic interactions between mutations in a mammalian tRNA gene and a novel ribosome rescue factor, defining the importance of individual tRNA genes in translation and the pathologies that can arise from disruptions in this process. Citation Format: Susan L. Ackerman. Ribosome stalling and disease. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Translational Control of Cancer: A New Frontier in Cancer Biology and Therapy; 2016 Oct 27-30; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(6 Suppl):Abstract nr IA13.
Experimental evaluation of angularly variable fiber geometry for targeting depth-resolved reflectance from layered epithelial tissue phantoms

The aim of the present study focuses on experimentally demonstrating the efficacy of using angularly-variable fiber geometry to achieve the desired tissue-layer selection and probing depths with the further objective of enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of spectral diagnosis in stratified architectures that resemble human cervical epithelia. The morphological and biochemical features of epithelial tissue vary in accordance with tissue depths; consequently, the accuracy of spectroscopic diagnosis of epithelial dysplasia may be enhanced by probing the optical properties of this tissue. When correlated to cellular dysplasia, layer-specific changes in tissue optical properties may be deciphered by reflectance spectroscopy coupled with angularly-variable fiber geometry. This study addresses the utility of using such angularly-variable fiber geometry for resolving spatially-specific spectral signatures of tissue pathology. This is accomplished by interpreting and analyzing the reflectance spectra of increasingly dysplastic epithelial tissue in two-layer epithelial phantoms. Spectral sensitivity to tissue abnormalities in the epithelial layer is significantly improved as the obliquity of the collection fibers increases from 0 to 40 degrees. Conversely, conventionally orthogonal fibers are found to be more sensitive to changes in stromal tissue properties.
Reflective polarization volume gratings for high efficiency waveguide-coupling augmented reality displays

We demonstrate a reflective liquid-crystal polarization volume grating with high efficiency for augmented reality displays. The coupling efficiency was measured to be 90% at 650 nm and 50° deflection angle. The angular dependence of reflection band agrees well with Bragg condition, and the transmittance of environment light is high with negligible scattering. The bandwidth can be tailored by controlling the layer periodicity, allowing versatile applications and design freedom not only for augmented realities but also for other photonic devices.
Case 3: Infant with Stridor

A 3.74-kg term male infant is delivered at an outlying hospital via primary cesarean section because of a maternal history of hip surgery after prolonged rupture of membranes. The mother is a 26-year-old gravida 3, para 0, blood type A positive woman who is rubella equivocal, hepatitis B antibody negative, group B Streptococcus negative, Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae negative, rapid plasma reagin nonreactive, and human immunodeficiency virus negative. Rupture of membranes is unknown, but occurred at least 1 day before arrival. Significant finding at delivery includes thick, meconium-stained amniotic fluid. The infant’s 1-minute Apgar score is 5. He has stridor and respiratory distress. The DeLee suction is used on the stomach, and continuous positive airway pressure is initiated. His 5-minute Apgar score improves to 7, and he makes a successful transition to oxygen by nasal cannula. Due to the prolonged rupture of membranes, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and persistence of respiratory distress, a blood culture specimen is obtained and he starts empiric treatment with ampicillin and gentamicin. He is transferred to the special care nursery, where he continues to have stridor at rest. The stridor worsens with agitation. Chest radiography shows pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax. Over the next few days he continues to require intermittent oxygen via nasal cannula to maintain his saturations above 90%. A dose of racemic epinephrine and then albuterol do not improve the stridor. He is able to feed up to 47 mL of breast milk or formula every 3 hours. Blood cultures remain negative, and he …
Carcinogenicity assessment of baricitinib in Tg.rasH2 mice and Sprague-Dawley (Crl:CD) rats.

Abstract Baricitinib is a potent and selective Janus kinase (JAK)1 and JAK2 inhibitor, and is approved for the treatment of moderately to severely active RA in adults in Europe, Japan, and other countries. This study evaluated the carcinogenic potential of baricitinib in Tg. rasH2 mice and Sprague-Dawley (Crl:CD) rats. Baricitinib was administered daily by oral gavage to Crl:CD rats for up to 94 weeks (dose levels of 0, 1, 3, or 8 mg/kg for males and 0, 3, 8, or 25 mg/kg for females) and to Tg. rasH2 mice for 26 weeks (dose levels of 0, 15, 40, or 300 mg/kg for males and 0, 10, 30, or 150 mg/kg for females). Baricitinib was well tolerated with no incidence of compound-related neoplasms at any dose levels in rats and mice. In mice, non-neoplastic events observed were bone marrow hypocellularity and increased adipocytes. In rats, baricitinib administration was associated with a dose-dependent increase in survival, with a decreased incidence of neoplasm (hematopoietic and mammary), potentially secondary to drug-related decreased weight gain. The incidence of proliferative changes such as neoplastic and hyperplastic lesions in the mammary glands of females and in the livers of males and females also decreased. In conclusion, baricitinib is not considered to be carcinogenic.
Equity and Social Exchange in Human Relationships

Publisher Summary Equity is used to define a set of organizational rules and procedures by which authority is legitimatized in bureaucracies. It is conceptualized in more abstract and functional terms by sociologists, anthropologists, and political scientists. Dealing with equity and social exchange is far-ranging in scope. This chapter examines the current status of the theorizing in equity and social exchange in human relationships and point the way to future developments. A number of theorists have attempted to apply equity and social exchange conceptions to a wide variety of areas, including social interactions, close relationships, helpfulness, and work and pay in economic settings. It maintains that humans frequently consider fairness in their calculation of costs and benefits in their encounters with others. Human behavior reflects a moral order and cannot have a truly adequate social psychology unless one know what rules govern the judgments of fairness and the way these judgments affect social conduct. The theories of fairness apply only to the simplest form of human interdependence––the unilateral allocation of outcome. The overall structure and the ongoing processes that characterize human interdependence and exchange are also determined in the chapter.
Efficacy and Safety of Appetite-Stimulating Medications in the Inpatient Setting.

Background: Hospitalized patients are subject to acute illness and stress which may impact appetite or weight. Loss of appetite may lead to increased morbidity or mortality. Medications such as dro...
Beneficiation of Dolomitic Idaho Phosphate Rock by the TVA Diphosphonic Acid Depressant Process

Bench scale beneficiation studies were made on Idaho dolomitic phosphate rock using the TVA carbonate flotation process. The process used diphosphonic acid as a phosphate mineral depressant and fatty acid as a carbonate mineral collector. Silica was subsequently rejected as float using an amine collector, with phosphate product recovered as the sink fraction. Two samples of prepared flotation feed from commercial operation were used. One contained 21% P2O5 and 3.2% MgO. The other contained 26% P2O5 and 1.8% MgO. The results indicate that concentrates containing 31% to 33% P2O5 and 1% or less MgO can be obtained, with about 80% P2O5 recovery.
Effectiveness of Technologically Enhanced Peer Support in Improving Glycemic Management Among Predominantly African American, Low-Income Adults With Diabetes:

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to examine whether a peer coaching intervention is more effective in improving clinical outcomes in diabetes when enhanced with e-health educational tools than p...
EDITORIAL: Human Computer Interaction and Emerging Learning Technologies

When we design learning environments that incorporate new technologies, we need to consider many issues. One of these is human computer interaction (HCI). HCI has evolving into an interdisciplinary field that includes computer science, learning science, psychology, graphic design and media design, as well as several others. Devising effective HCI in highly immersive and participatory environments is the future work of learning technologists and instructional designers.
Neuroanatomical predictors of L-DOPA response in older adults with psychomotor slowing and depression: A pilot study.

Abstract Background Declining function in dopamine circuits is implicated in normal aging and late-life depression (LLD). Dopamine augmentation recently has shown therapeutic promise, but predictors of response are unknown. Methods Depressed elders with slowed gait underwent baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and [11C]raclopride positron emission tomography (PET). Subjects then received open treatment with carbidopa/levodopa (L-DOPA) for three weeks. Linear regressions examined relationships between baseline MRI measures, [11C]raclopride binding, and behavioral outcomes. Results Among N = 16 participants aged 72.5 ± 6.8 years, higher left superior temporal gyrus volume was associated with higher processing speed at baseline, while cortical thinning in a processing speed network was associated with greater improvement following L-DOPA. Greater volume and cortical thickness in brain regions associated with mobility were associated with higher baseline gait speed. Higher baseline white matter hyperintensity volume predicted less post-L-DOPA improvement on dual task gait speed and IDS-SR scores. Higher [11C]raclopride binding in the associative striatum was associated with cortical thickness in some, but not all, processing speed brain regions, while higher binding in sensorimotor striatum was significantly associated with left caudate volume. Limitations Limiting the conclusions drawn from this pilot study are the small sample size and open administration of L-DOPA. Conclusions Greater baseline brain volumes and cortical thickness in regions supporting cognition and gait were associated with higher behavioral performance, while lower structural integrity was associated with increased responsivity to L-DOPA. If substantiated in larger studies, these findings could facilitate the targeting of dopaminergic treatments to those LLD patients most likely to respond.
Effects of salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder in combination with montelukast on pulmonary function and serum inflammatory cytokines in children with cough variant asthma

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder(seretide) in combination with montelukast on children with cough variant asthma(CVA), and its effect on pulmonary function and serum inflammatory cytokines. Methods 200 patients with CVA were enrolled, and they were randomly divided into two groups according to the random number table, 100 cases in each group. The control group was treated with seretide, while the observation group was treated with seretide and montelukast sodium, both two groups were treated for 3 months. The clinical efficacy, pulmonary function and serum inflammatory cytokines were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the observation group(88.3%) was significantly higher than that of the control group(70.3%; χ2=9.146, P 0.05). After treatment, the levels of FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF were all significantly higher than those before treatment [(2.11±0.34)L, (73.71±11.44)%, (86.34±7.85)%, t=18.149, 7.664, 19.196, all P<0.05; (1.82±0.35)L, (69.36±10.79)%, (81.66±8.03)%, t=9.312, 5.418, 13.627, all P<0.05], and IgE, TNF-α, IL-17 levels were significantly decreased [(141.3±38.2)ng/L, (624.7±213.2)ng/L, (6.1±2.1)ng/L, t=15.200, 13.708, 15.881, all P<0.05; (191.5±41.9) ng/L, (835.5±326.3)ng/L, (9.4±2.7)ng/L, t=6.784, 6.206, 8.550, all P<0.05]. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t=5.717, 2.659, 4.008, 8.521, 4.842, 9.296, all P<0.05). Conclusion Salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder in combination with montelukast sodium has excellent clinical effect in the treatment of children with CVA, which can improve the pulmonary function and reduce inflammatory cytokines. Key words: Salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder; Montelukast; Asthma; Cough; Child; Respiratory function tests; Chemokines
Supporting Middle School Language Arts Teachers Through Professional Development

In this study, language arts teachers in one middle school participated in ongoing professional development. As part of this professional development, participants engaged in face-to-face professio...
Photodegradable Hydrogels for Rapid Screening, Isolation, and Genetic Characterization of Bacteria with Rare Phenotypes.

Screening mutant libraries (ML) of bacteria for strains with specific phenotypes is often a slow and laborious process that requires assessment of tens of thousands of individual cell colonies afte...
Miscible Polyether/Poly(ether-acetal) Electrolyte Blends.

This study shows that it is possible to obtain homogeneous mixtures of two chemically distinct polymers with a lithium salt for electrolytic applications. This approach is motivated by the success ...
Respiratory Therapist Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Palliative and Hospice Care

Background: Current Respiratory Therapy programs incorporate minimal palliative and hospice care education in their curriculum; palliative and hospice care is not included in the respiratory care department orientation process; participation in the Main Line Health (MLH) Palliative Care Fellowship highlighted the need to determine baseline RT knowledge and attitudes towards Palliative and Hospice Care and evaluate potential education and engagement opportunities. Literature Review: Much of the literature obtained focused on terminal extubation and end of life care in the critical care setting; Michaud-Young (2009) noted that patients with chronic lung disease require care by clinicians who will be in a position to support them as they approach end of life; an editorial in the September 2017 Lancet journal remarked that palliative care in chronic lung disease is an important and often neglected part of clinical practice. Methods: Respiratory therapists at MLH were invited via email and department posted flyers to participate in a palliative and hospice care pre/post education survey; all RTs who completed the pre survey were sent a link to view a short palliative and hospice care video in-service; as well as, complete a post survey. Results: 44 of 126 RTs (35%) invited to participate completed the pre-survey, while 32 of 44 RTs (73%) who completed the pre-survey viewed the video in-service and completed the post survey; 91% (40/44) of RTs believe there was not adequate Palliative and Hospice Care education provided during their student training; 98% (43/44) of RTs believe palliative and hospice care should be part of the department orientation process. Post survey/in-service data displayed in chart below. Conclusions: Simple education initiatives related to palliative and hospice care may address RT knowledge gaps; as well as, positively impact attitudes related to this topic; incorporating palliative and hospice care into our department orientation process is warranted; with an aging chronic lung disease population there is opportunity for Respiratory Therapists to increase engagement in MLH Palliative and Hospice Care initiatives. Disclosures: None
A historical review of the traditional methods and the internal state variable theory for modeling composite materials

A review of the development and the usages of traditional non-internal state variable (ISV) models and ISV theory for modeling behaviors of composite materials are presented in this paper. The hist...
DETECTING NUCLEAR MATERIALS IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS USING MOBILE SENSOR NETWORKS

Radiation detectors installed at major ports of entry are a key component of the overall strategy to protect countries from nuclear terrorism. While the goal of deploying these systems is to intercept special nuclear material as it enters the country, no detector system is fool proof. Mobile, distributed sensors have been proposed to detect nuclear materials in transit should portal monitors fail to prevent their entry in the first place. In large metropolitan areas a mobile distributed sensor network could be deployed using vehicle platforms such as taxis, Ubers and Lyfts which are already connected to communications infrastructure. However, the potential geographic coverage that could be achieved using a network of sensors mounted on commercial passenger vehicles has not been established. Here we evaluate how a mobile sensor network could perform in New York City using a combination of radiation transport and Geographic Information Systems. The Geographic Information System QGIS is used in conjunction with OpenStreetMap data to isolate roads and construct a grid over the streets. Vehicle paths are built using pickup and drop off data from Uber, and data from the New York State Department of Transportation.
Inhibition of Cdc20 suppresses the metastasis in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC)

Cdc20 is a crucial activator of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C) and is known to be essential in mitosis regulation. Abnormally high expression of Cdc20 has been reported in several malignancies. We aimed to study the Cdc20 expression in human breast cancer tissues, focusing specifically on Cdc20 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). The expression of mitotic regulators mRNA in three TNBC cell lines or three other breast cancer cell lines was determined by the RNA-sequencing database. 14,713 human breast cancer patient samples included in Breast Cancer-GenExminer v4.5 were used to analyze whether cell division cycle 20 (Cdc20) expression was related to TNBC. To find whether Cdc20 expression impacted prognosis in TNBC, we used 2,249 TNBC patients database. The loss of Cdc20 by RNA interference (shRNA) and several mitotic inhibitors including Apcin, ZM447439, BI 2536, and VX-680 on the capacities of proliferation, migration, invasion were evaluated by colony-forming, wound-healing, transwell assay, and western blot, respectively. We studied the mitosis-related genes and proteins that are closely related to TNBC through the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. We found that Cdc20, one of the central mitotic regulators, is significantly upregulated in human TNBC, and its expression level is positively correlated with metastasis-free and relapse-free patient survival. We also found Cdc20 is highly conserved in TNBC in comparison to other breast cancer subtype cell lines. Cdc20 deficiency results in a decrease in cell growth and migration in four TNBC cell lines. Also, several mitotic inhibitors, such as Apcin, VX-680, ZM447439, and BI 2536, blocked cancer cell growth and invasion. These results suggest an essential role of Cdc20 in tumor formation and metastasis of TNBC, which might be a potential target therapy for TNBC treatment.
Internet of Things based Smart Parking System using ESP8266

As of late, the idea of smart urban communities has picked up grind prominence. On account of the development of Internet of things, a smart city presently is by all accounts attainable. Reliable endeavors are being made in the field of IoT to expand the efficiency and unwavering quality of the urban framework. For example, issues such as traffic clog, local vehicle parking offices, and street well-being are being tended to by IoT. In this paper, we present an IoT based cloud incorporated smart parking system. The proposed Smart Parking system comprises an on-location sending of an IoT module that is utilized to screen and signalize the accessibility of each parking space. A portable application is also given that permits an end client to check the parking space's accessibility and book a parking space likewise. The paper similarly portrays a significant level perspective on the system design. Towards the end, the report talks about the working of the system in the structure of a utilization case that demonstrates the proposed model's rightness.
Part I: A Study of the Underlying Factor(s) Effecting the Change of Point of Zero Charge With Decreasing Particle Size

The general consensus in multiple fields is that changes in the average primary particle size of metal-oxides and -hydroxides affects their Point of Zero Charge (PZC). In the course of this study on anatase titania, a method was developed to minimize the effect of all known variables affecting the material’s pHPZC, save particle size. This led to the discovery of two regions for point of zero charge. Above the average spherical particle diameter ≅ 29, (Region I) pHPZC remains constant demonstrating particle size has no effect on this value . Below a diameter ≅ 29 nm (Region II), pHPZC values decrease in an almost linear manner.
Bootstrapping More QM Systems

We test the bootstrap approach for determining the spectrum of one dimensional Hamiltonians. In this paper we focus on problems that have a two parameter search space in the bootstrap approach: the double well and a periodic potential associated to the Mathieu equation. For the double well, we compare the energies with contributions from perturbative and non-perturbative results, finding good agreement. For the periodic potentials, we notice that the bootstrap approach gives the band structure of the periodic potential, but it has trouble finding the quasi-momentum of the system. To make further progress on the dispersion relation of the bands, new techniques are needed.
A theory of surface tension of binary solutions

Abstract A theory of surface tension of binary solutions is developed, and an equation is derived which relates the surface tension of the solution with the compositions, the surface tensions of the pure components, the thickness of the surface region, and the molecular area of the capillary-active component. The application of the equation to seventeen binary liquid mixtures is considered, and the evaluation of molecular orientation in the surface layer for some of the mixtures is shown.
Investigation of Cathode Behavior of Model Thin-Film SrTi1 − xFexO3 − δ (x = 0.35 and 0.5) Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conducting Electrodes

SrTi 1-x Fe x O 3-δ (STF) model cathodes, with compositions x = 0.35 and 0.5, prepared as dense films with a well-defined area and thickness on top of a single-crystal yttria stabilized zirconia substrate by pulsed layer deposition at 700°C were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as a function of electrode geometry, temperature, and oxygen partial pressure. The STF cathode was observed to exhibit typical mixed ionic-electronic behavior with the electrode reaction occurring over the full electrode surface area rather than being limited to the triple-phase boundary. The electrode impedance was observed to be independent of electrode thickness and inversely proportional to the square of the electrode diameter pointing to surface exchange limited kinetics. Furthermore, a Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 2-δ interlayer was found to have no effect on the electrode impedance. Values for the surface exchange coefficient, k, were calculated and found to be comparable in magnitude to those exhibited by other popular mixed ionic-electronic conductors, such as (La,Sr)(Co,Fe)Ο 3 , thereby, confirming the suitability of STF as a model-mixed conducting cathode material. The observed trends are discussed in relation to the known defect and transport properties of STF.
“All the Money in the World …” Patient Perspectives Regarding the Influence of Financial Incentives

Objective. To analyze patient perspectives of the use of financial incentives in a hypertension intervention. Study Setting. Twelve Veterans Affairs primary care clinics over a 9-month period. Study Design. Qualitative semistructured interviews conducted with 54 hypertensive veterans participating in an intervention to promote guideline-consistent therapy. Intervention components included an intervention letter requesting patients talk with their providers, an offer of U.S.$20 to bring in the letter to their provider, and a health educator phone call. Data Collection Methods. Semistructured interviews were conducted. Transcripts were coded for thematic content. The financial incentive theme was then subcoded for more detailed analysis. Principle Findings. Most participants (n=48; 88.9 percent) stated the incentive had (or would have) no effect on their decision to initiate a discussion with their provider. Some participants articulated reservations about the effectiveness and/or appropriateness of financial incentives in health care decisions; however, a few expressed the opinion that there may be some potential benefits to the use of financial incentives if they encourage patients to be active in their health care. Conclusion. The findings of this study raise questions about the appropriateness and unintended consequences of employing patient-directed financial incentives in health care settings.
Structure and metrology for a single-wire analog testability bus

A structure for testing the interconnect faults and measurement of discrete components on mixed-signal boards is proposed. The structure requires one analog pin in addition to the IEEE 1149.1 pins on each mixed-signal IC. Simulation results are provided to show the accuracy of the metrology.
Lymphocyte-Mediated Activation of Fibroblast Proliferation and Collagen Production

Among the many activities of antigen-triggered lymphocytes may be the control of fibroblast function. Thymus-dependent lymphocytes challenged with the specific antigen, dinitrophenylated ovalbumin or tetanus toxoid produced a nondialyzable factor(s) capable of causing dermal fibroblasts to undergo DNA synthesis. These fibroblasts, which exhibit basal proliferative levels in the absence of serum, responded to the lymphocyte factor with maximal thymidine incorporation at 48 to 72 hr. In addition, these activated fibroblasts significantly increased their production of protein of both the collagenous and noncollagenous types. This increase in protein synthesis preceded maximal proliferation. Thus, the fibroplasia consisting of increased numbers of fibroblasts and of increased collagen deposition associated with chronic inflammatory diseases may be the direct consequence of a specific antigenic challenge.
Poverty and health sector inequalities

Poverty and ill-health are intertwined. Poor countries tend to have worse health outcomes than better-off countries. Within countries, poor people have worse health outcomes than better-off people. This association reflects causality running in both directions: poverty breeds ill-health, and ill-health keeps poor people poor. The evidence on inequalities in health between the poor and non-poor and on the consequences for impoverishment and income inequality associated with health care expenses is discussed in this article. An outline is given of what is known about the causes of inequalities and about the effectiveness of policies intended to combat them. It is argued that too little is known about the impacts of such policies, notwithstanding a wealth of measurement techniques and considerable evidence on the extent and causes of inequalities.
Discovery of potent and orally bioavailable heterocycle-based β3-adrenergic receptor agonists, potential therapeutics for the treatment of obesity

A novel series of heterocycle-based analogs were prepared and evaluated for their in vitro and in vivo biological activity as human beta(3)-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonists. Several analogs demonstrated potent agonist activity at the beta(3)-AR, functional selectivity against beta(1)- and beta(2)-ARs, and favorable pharmacokinetic profiles in vivo. Compound 17 increased oxygen consumption in rats, a measure of energy expenditure, with an ED(20%) of 2mg/kg.