cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Auto complete using graph mining: A different approach

Autocomplete feature is widely used in search interfaces to assist users in their search. Autocomplete helps users by giving list of options based on characters entered in the search field. Significant amount of work has been done in this field, but the techniques used are not efficient or relevant when it comes to search within specific content like a text file, a document or a web page. This calls for different approaches such as ours. Our proposed method is based on preprocessing, graph mining, and hashing for generating the suggestion list. The suggestion list provided by our proposed method is more relevant because the list is document specific. Test results from our proposed method show that our proposed method significantly outperforms existing document specific autocomple search techniques.
Bilingual Semantic Organization A Multidimensional Analysis

To investigate the semantic organization of French-English bilinguals multidimensional scaling (MDS) was applied to a series of direct pair-comparisons among a group of symbols from both of the bilinguals' languages. The terms dealt with the mass media. The results indicate that semantic content, rather than language, is the primary determinant of the bilingual's semantic structure. A two-dimensional solution was produced. The first dimension may be labeled electronic-print and the second, entertainment-information. They account for 75.1% of the variance in the space. The results of a multiple regression indicate that while language can be accounted for in the space it is not explained by the first two dimensions. Thus, language may be considered only a secondary determinant of semantic organization of bilinguals.
Game Theory, Political Economy, and the Evolving Study of War and Peace

James Russell and Quincy Wright suggested in the Review in 1933 that the danger of conflict could be diminished by looking within states to discern what contributes to the risk of war. Revolutions in game theory technology and political economy modeling are helping to advance those goals. The combinationofnon-cooperativegametheoryasananalytictoolandtheassumptionsofpoliticaleconomy models about leaders’ domestic interests and incentives offer a different explanation of international relations from that suggested by realist theories and other state-centric viewpoints. Together with more macro-leveltheorizingwegaininsightsintowhatmakessomepolitiesmorepronetointernationalconflict than others. By adding the micro-level, game theoretic investigation of domestic factors to the analytic repertoire we have now supplemented the aspects of received wisdom that are consistent with the record of history with explanations for puzzling facts about conflict that no longer seem anomalous.
Strategic planning for MIS

Abstract This article report on a study of the strategic decision to develop computerized management information systems (MIS) in 32 business organizations. THe findings suggest that this decision is a complex policy decision which involves protracted environmental negotiations, a high and escalating commitment of organizational resources, and extensive organizational preparation. Eleven organizational and environmental factors which influence the decision are identified through a literature review. The influence of these factors on the success of the decision is examined and recommendations are made for managing the decision-making process to insure improved decision outcomes.
How caregivers and workers fared in Cash and Counseling.

In light of evidence that Cash and Counseling improved beneficiary satisfaction and quality of life, this paper examines how the model worked for two other important groups: (1) the family and friends providing the most unpaid assistance to beneficiaries when those beneficiaries enrolled in the demonstration; and (2) the workers hired directly by beneficiaries who were randomly assigned to the demonstration treatment group. There are good reasons to study these groups. Most Medicaid beneficiaries who have disabilities rely on informal (unpaid) caregivers for most of their assistance with personal care, and society relies on unpaid caregivers to help beneficiaries live in the home or community as long as possible. Medicaid supplements informal assistance with paid supportive services. However, if paid services are unsatisfactory or too inflexible to meet beneficiaries' needs, the burden to compensate usually falls on informal caregivers, potentially causing them emotional, financial, and physical strain. Furthermore, although beneficiaries in the demonstration treatment group continued to receive informal care while enrolled in Cash and Counseling, a key feature of program participation was being able to hire workers of one's choosing, train and supervise them, and determine their wages, schedule, and tasks. Although consumer empowerment is the primary objective of Cash and Counseling, the viability of the model hinges on the willingness of family, friends, and others to work for self-directing consumers. Thus, understanding the rewards and hardships of consumers' directly hired workers is also important. We used telephone survey data to (1) estimate the impacts of Cash and Counseling on the well-being of caregivers who were beneficiaries' primary informal caregivers at baseline, and (2) describe the experiences and job conditions of the workers who were hired by treatment group consumers and were their primary paid workers at follow-up. Both groups of caregivers were interviewed about 10 months after beneficiaries enrolled in the demonstration.
A research demonstration of code bubbles

Today's integrated development environments (IDEs) are hampered by their dependence on files and file-based editing. We propose a novel user interface that is based on collections of lightweight editable fragments, called bubbles, which when grouped together form concurrently visible working sets. We describe the design of a prototype IDE user interface for Java based on working sets.
Decreased Skp2 Expression Is Necessary but Not Sufficient for Therapy-Induced Senescence in Prostate Cancer

Therapy-induced senescence (TIS), a cytostatic stress response in cancer cells, is induced inefficiently by current anticancer agents and radiation. The mechanisms that mediate TIS in cancer cells are not well defined. Herein, we characterize a robust senescence response both in vitro and in vivo to the quinone diaziquone (AZQ), previously identified in a high-throughput senescence-induction small-molecule screen. Using AZQ and several other agents that induce senescence, we screened a series of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors and found that p27Kip1 was induced in all investigated prostate cancer cell lines. The ubiquitin-ligase Skp2 negatively regulates p27Kip1 and, during TIS, is translocated to the cytoplasm before its expression is decreased in senescent cells. Overexpression of Skp2 blocks the effects of AZQ on senescence and p27Kip1 induction. We also find that stable long-term short hairpin RNA knockdown of Skp2 decreases proliferation but does not generate the complete senescence phenotype. We conclude that Skp2 participates in regulating TIS but, alone, is insufficient to induce senescence in cancer cells.
Twig query processing over graph-structured XML data

XML and semi-structured data is usually modeled using graph structures. Structural summaries, which have been proposed to speedup XML query processing have graph forms as well. The existent approaches for evaluating queries over tree structured data (i.e. data whose underlying structure is a tree) are not directly applicable when the data is modeled as a random graph. Moreover, they cannot be applied when structural summaries are employed and, to the best of our knowledge, no analogous techniques have been reported for this case either. As a result, the potential of structural summaries is not fully exploited.In this paper, we investigate query evaluation techniques applicable to graph-structured data. We propose efficient algorithms for the case of directed acyclic graphs, which appear in many real world situations. We then tailor our approaches to handle other directed graphs as well. Our experimental evaluation reveals the advantages of our solutions over existing methods for graph-structured data.
TARP: A Trust-Aware Routing Protocol for Sensor-Actuator Networks

Most routing protocols for sensor-actuator networks (SANETs) are built under the assumption that nodes normally cooperate in forwarding each other's messages. In practice, this assumption is not realistic; SANETs are environments where nodes may or may not cooperate. For several reasons, a node may fail to operate as planned at deployment time. As a result, when actually deployed, protocols and applications may not be as efficient as expected. In this paper, we present TARP (Trust-Aware Routing Protocol), a routing protocol for sensor-actuator networks that exploits past nodes' routing behavior and links' quality to determine efficient paths. We implemented TARP in a TinyOS-based SANET and conducted several experiments to evaluate its performance. The obtained results confirmed that TARP achieves substantial improvements in terms of energy consumption and scalability.
Impact of Age on Associations between Weight and Mortality

The effect of age on the weight associated with the lowest mortality and the effect of age on the mortality risk associated with obesity are issues fraught with methodologic complexities. Current evidence supports the notion that the body mass index associated with the lowest mortality falls within the range of 18.5 to 24.9 in men and women between the ages of 30 and 74. The impact of age on the mortality risk associated with obesity changes with age, however, and the direction of the trend depends upon the measure used.
Topological Analysis of Criminal Activity Networks: Enhancing Transportation Security

The security of border and transportation systems is a critical component of the national strategy for homeland security. The security concerns at the border are not independent of law enforcement in border-area jurisdictions because the information known by local law enforcement agencies may provide valuable leads that are useful for securing the border and transportation infrastructure. The combined analysis of law enforcement information and data generated by vehicle license plate readers at international borders can be used to identify suspicious vehicles and people at ports of entry. This not only generates better quality leads for border protection agents but may also serve to reduce wait times for commerce, vehicles, and people as they cross the border. This paper explores the use of criminal activity networks (CANs) to analyze information from law enforcement and other sources to provide value for transportation and border security. We analyze the topological characteristics of CAN of individuals and vehicles in a multiple jurisdiction scenario. The advantages of exploring the relationships of individuals and vehicles are shown. We find that large narcotic networks are small world with short average path lengths ranging from 4.5 to 8.5 and have scale-free degree distributions with power law exponents of 0.85-1.3. In addition, we find that utilizing information from multiple jurisdictions provides higher quality leads by reducing the average shortest-path lengths. The inclusion of vehicular relationships and border-crossing information generates more investigative leads that can aid in securing the border and transportation infrastructure.
InAlAs/InGaAs Interband Tunnel Diodes for SRAM

The dependence of doping and alloy composition in InGaAs/InAlAs double-quantum-well resonant interband tunnel diodes (TDs) for static random access memory (SRAM) applications is explored. The peak current density is shown to vary by 5 orders of magnitude as the effective doping density is varied by a factor of 5. The reasons for this dependence are determined by characterization and analysis of current-voltage-temperature and capacitance-voltage measurements. This paper demonstrates a low-current bistable TD pair for SRAM with peak current density of 4 nA/μm2, peak-to-valley current ratio of 14, and peak voltage of 0.05 V enabling static binary storage at a supply voltage as low as 0.25 V.
Preliminary examination of the effects of relative humidity on the fracture morphology of cotton flat bundles

A preliminary examination of the effects of relative humidity (RH) of three testing conditions on cotton fiber fracture morphology is presented herein. In addition, measurements of fiber moisture content, stelometer cotton flat bundle strength and elongation were collected at the three testing conditions. A general trend is observed for moisture content, strength and elongations measurements; testing in conditions with higher RH generally resulted in a progressive increase in moisture content, strength and elongation values. The morphology of broken fibers was also affected by the testing conditions. Fibers broken at high RH (i.e. 70 ± 2°F and 80 ± 2% RH) showed a more frayed fracture where microfibril separation, a fracture pattern that suggests independent microfibril failure, was evident. In contrast, at standard conditions (i.e. 70 ± 2°F and 65 ± 2%), fiber fractures were more granular (clean fractures), a reflection of a more unilateral breaking action. At low RH (i.e. 70 ± 2°F and 50 ± 2%), fiber fr...
Implicitly synchronized abstract data types: data structures for modular parallel programming

Programmers use abstract data types to control the complexity of developing serial programs. Abstract data types promote modular programming by encapsulating state and operations on that state. In parallel environments abstract data types must also encapsulate the concurrency generation and synchronization code required for their correct use and present interfaces that require no information about the global concurrency pattern. An abstract data type is said to be implicitly synchronized if it meets these requirements. Implicitly synchronized abstract data types promote modular parallel software and help programmers manage the complexity of developing parallel programs. This paper defines the concept of implicitly synchronized abstract data types and shows how the implicitly parallel language Jade supports their development and use.
The nature and management of aggressive incidents in a medium secure unit

The study describes and analyses incident reports over a three-year period in a medium secure unit. A low threshold of reporting was encouraged and substantial numbers of `minor' incidents were reported. The frequency of incidents peaked in the evenings. The use of seclusion and manual restraint is reported and these were used more frequently where staff were the target of aggression.
Intelligent Mobility Aids

Independent mobility is a critical component of a person's quality of life. Although many persons with mobility impairments can be accommodated by traditional mobility aids (e.g., canes, wheelchairs, scooters, and walkers), a segment of the disabled community exists who find it difficult or impossible to use traditional mobility aids independently. This population includes, but is not limited to, persons with low vision, visual field neglect, spasticity, tremors, and cognitive deficits. To accommodate this population, researchers have used technologies originally developed for mobile robots to create intelligent mobility aids. These devices typically consist of either a traditional mobility aid to which a computer and a collection of sensors have been added or a mobile robot base to which a seat and/or handlebars have been attached. In this article, we summarize research that has been conducted to date on intelligent mobility aids based on power wheelchairs and wheeled walkers (i.e., rollators). Keywords: robotics; smart wheelchair; smart walker; mobility
Microcin C: biosynthesis and mechanisms of bacterial resistance

Nonhydrolyzable aminoacyl-adenylates that inhibit protein synthesis provide a promising route towards the development of novel antibiotics whose mechanism of action limits the appearance of bacterial drug resistance. The ‘Trojan horse’ antibiotic microcin C (McC) consists of a nonhydrolyzable aspartyl–adenylate that is efficiently imported into bacterial cells owing to a covalently attached peptide carrier. Once inside the cell, the carrier is removed by proteolytic processing to release a potent aspartyl tRNA synthetase inhibitor. The focus of this article is on the mechanism of biosynthesis of McC. We also examine the strategies utilized by McC-producing strains to overcome toxicity due to unwanted, premature processing of the drug. This article will discuss how McC biosynthesis can be systematically manipulated for the development of derivatives that will target the entire battery of aminoacyl tRNA synthetases in various bacteria.
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage monitored in situ in apoptotic cells

During apoptosis, the activation of a family of cysteine proteases, or caspases, results in proteolytic cleavage of numerous substrates. Antibody probes specific for neoepitopes on protein fragments generated by caspase cleavage provide a means to monitor caspase activity at the level of the individual cell. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a nuclear enzyme involved in DNA repair, is a well-known substrate for caspase-3 cleavage during apoptosis. Its cleavage is considered to be a hallmark of apoptosis. Here, we demonstrate that an affinity-purified polyclonal antibody to the p85 fragment of PARP is specific for apoptotic cells. Western blots show that the antibody recognizes the 85-kDa (p85) fragment of PARP but not full-length PARP. We demonstrate a time course of PARP cleavage and DNA fragmentation in situ using the PARP p85 fragment antibody and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) in Jurkat cells treated with anti-Fas. Furthermore, our results indicate that the p85 fragment of PARP resulting from caspase cleavage during apoptosis is rapidly localized outside the condensed chromatin but not in the cytoplasm.
Metamorphosis behavior of flies.

Metamorphosis produces dramatic structural changes in holometabolous insects. Yet these are not the only changes mediated by the insect's brain and endocrine centers. Successful metamorphosis requires specific behavioral acts that must be performed correctly at precise moments during this transition. Many of these activities, such as pupation or adult eclosion, are performed only once during the insect's life. Such behavior frequently relies on coordinated neuromuscular activities not seen at other times and is often accompanied by switches in spatial orientation and changes in responsiveness to specific environmental stimuli. It is this suite of activity seen only during metamorphosis that we refer to as metamorphosis behavior. In this review we focus on metamorphosis behavior of the higher flies, the cyclorraphous Diptera, because metamorphosis is most extreme in this group. Unlike other insect orders, flies rely almost exclusively on imaginal discs and histoblasts for the development of imaginal tissues. The fly larva (or maggot), devoid of legs, and even lacking the conspicuous body divisions of head, thorax and abdomen, bears little resemblance to the adult. Larval development in flies is characteristically rapid and is completed in only three instars. Metamorphosis is complicated in this phylogenetically ad­ vanced group by the addition of an extra metamorphic event, pupariation 243
Biological pathways as features for microarray data classification

Classification using microarray gene expression data is an important task in bioinformatics. Due to the high dimensionality and small sample size that characterizes microarray data, there has recently been a drive to incorporate any available information in addition to the expression data in the classification process. As a result, much work has begun on selecting biological pathways that are closely related to a clinical outcome of interest using the gene expression data, and incorporating this pathway information opens up new avenues for classification. As opposed to previous approaches that consider individual genes as features, we propose a new approach that treats biological pathways as features. Each pathway found to be significantly related to an outcome of interest is treated as a feature, and is mapped to a feature value. We define several methods for mapping pathways to features, and compare the performance of several classifiers using our feature transformations to that of the classifiers using individual genes as features for different feature selection methods.
Angular velocity observer for velocity-free attitude tracking control on SO(3)

This paper studies a rigid body attitude tracking control problem with attitude measurements only, when angular velocity measurements are not available. An angular velocity observer is constructed such that the estimated angular velocity is guaranteed to converge to the true angular velocity asymptotically from almost all initial estimates. As it is developed directly on the special orthogonal group, it completely avoids singularities, complexities, or discontinuities caused by minimal attitude representations or quaternions. Then, the presented observer is integrated with a proportional-derivative attitude tracking controller to show a separation type property, where exponential stability is guaranteed for the combined observer and attitude control system.
FINE SCALE ENDEMISM ON CORAL REEFS: ARCHIPELAGIC DIFFERENTIATION IN TURBINID GASTROPODS

The perceived wide geographic range of organisms in the sea, facilitated by ready dispersal of waterborne dispersal stages, is a challenge for hypotheses of marine speciation but a boon to efforts of marine conservation. Wide species ranges are especially striking in the reef-rich Indo-west Pacific, the largest and most diverse marine biogeographic region, extending across half the planet. The insular marine biota of the tropical Pacific is characterized by wide-ranging species and provides the most striking examples of long distance dispersal, with endemism largely confined to the most remote island groups. Here we show that the gastropod Astralium “rhodostomum” has developed endemic clades on almost every Pacific archipelago sampled, a pattern unprecedented in marine biogeography, and reminiscent of the terrestrial biota of oceanic islands. Mitochondrial DNA sequences indicate that this species-complex is comprised of at least 30 geographically isolated clades, separated by as little as 180 km. Evidence suggests that such fine scale endemism and high diversity is not exceptional, but likely characterizes a substantial fraction of the reef biota. These results imply that (1) marine speciation can regularly occur over much finer spatial scales than generally accepted, (2) the diversity of coral reefs is even higher than suggested by morphology-based estimates, and (3) conservation efforts need to focus at the archipelagic level in the sea as on land.
Optogenetic Technology and Its In Vivo Applications

Optogenetics is a novel technology with the widely acknowledged potential to revolutionize cell biology and neuroscience. Essentially, optogenetic methods integrate optical and genetic tools to control the activity of whole cells or subcellular events. In recent years, optogenetics has been used to activate and to inhibit genetically defined neuronal populations within neural circuits. As such, it has been used to show the sufficiency or the necessity of specific neuronal cell types in generating behaviors across a number of animal species. When employed in rodent models of human neurological and psychiatric disorders, optogenetics has provided clinically relevant insights into the function of pathologic neural circuits. Recent progress in the in vivo applications of this methodology is reviewed in this article, with particular focus on behavioral applications in nematodes, fish, rodents, and nonhuman primates.
Quantitative Visualization of Human Cortical Bone Mechanical Response: Studies on the Anisotropic Compressive Response and Fracture Behavior as a Function of Loading Rate

Blast and impact events regularly cause damage to human tissues. Efforts to improve protective gear are made through numerical simulation of these events where human tissues are exposed to high-rate loading conditions. Accurate simulation results can only be obtained if constitutive models are used that are based on precisely carried out experimental studies. Experimental studies on bone are challenging because of the relatively brittle nature of bone as well as the importance of the bone being in a hydrated state prior to experiments to avoid changing the mechanical properties. Past studies have utilized strain gages which require a period of drying time to bond strain gages to the surface of the bone. In this study, rate dependent fracture and compressive responses of wet human femur bone are investigated with in situ quantitative visualization. The fracture properties of cortical bone are studied transverse to the longitudinal axis of the bone up to high stress intensity factor rates, and the rate dependent compressive response is investigated in both longitudinal and transverse directions. The rate dependent nature of the fracture response, and the compressive behavior of human cortical bone over a range of rates from 0.001–1000 s-1 is discussed with the aid of quantitative visualization.
Dietary Boron is a Physiological Regulator of the Normal Inflammatory Response

Various diverse research findings have been summarized to develop the boron-inflammation regulation hypothesis that boron reduces the risk for inflammatory disease by serving as a suppressive signal that down-regulates enzymatic activities typically elevated during the normal inflammatory process. There is in vivo evidence for an immunomodulatory effect of physiologic amounts of dietary boron. Specifically, boron helps control the normal inflammatory process by modulating the response of key immune cells to antigens by an undefined mechanism. Boron may act to regulate the normal inflammatory process by serving as a signal suppressor that down-regulates the activities of specific enzymes involved in the inflammatory process and thus may play a role in modulating the development of inflammatory disease. Suppression, but not elimination, of activities of these enzymes is hypothesized to reduce the incidence and severity of the symptoms of inflammatory disease.
Sensitivity stability of a 16 slices PET/CT scanner operating in 3-D mode

2521 Objectives In cancerous patients, SUV’s obtained from different scans acquired over the span of the disease are often compared and used for disease evaluation and particularly in response to therapy. Because SUV’s are directly proportional to the scanner sensitivity and fluctuations of this parameter are reflected on the SUV’s, the sensitivity stability of the scanner should be checked regularly and maintained within the manufacturer recommended range. In this work we evaluated the sensitivity stability of a 16 slices PET/CT scanner Methods The scanner normalization, well counter, daily QA and periodic maintenance were performed according the manufacturer recommendations. Over a period of 16 months, 19 scans of a 20 cm cylindrical phantom with 18F activity concentrations of 3.3 ± 1.3 kBq/mL were obtained on random days on a GE Discovery STE 16 slices PET/CT scanner. All data were acquired for 5 min. in 3-D mode and reconstructed according to our whole body patients’ protocol with a single bed-position. The scanner sensitivity values (kBq/mL) were obtained from circular regions of interest drawn on the reconstructed images. These values were then compared to the true phantom activity concentrations after they were decay corrected to the start of emission scans. Results The highest scanner sensitivity error observed over the 16 months period was 5.0%. The scanner over-estimated and underestimated the phantom concentration with an average percent error sensitivity of (mean ± SD) 2.1% ± 1.3% and 2.2% ±1.1%, respectively. Conclusions The results of this study show that, with the manufacturer recommended scheduled maintenance observed, the GE STE 16 slices PET/CT scanner maintains stability of its sensitivity. The experiment conducted here can easily be duplicated by the nuclear medicine technologists to ensure proper performance of their scanners.
Routine prophylaxis with proton pump inhibitors and post‐transplant complications in kidney transplant recipients undergoing early corticosteroid withdrawal

Surgical stress, corticosteroids, and mycophenolate may contribute to gastrointestinal ulcers/bleeding after kidney transplantation. Prophylactic acid suppression with H2RAs or PPIs is often utilized after transplantation, although unclear if truly indicated after early corticosteroid withdrawal (CSWD). PPIs have been associated with increased risks of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), pneumonia, and acute rejection. This retrospective cohort study investigated benefits and risks of prolonged PPI use following kidney transplantation and included 286 kidney recipients undergoing CSWD within five d of transplant who were maintained on tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil/sodium. Patients on PPI before transplant, H2RA before/after transplant, and/or those with pre-transplant GI complications were excluded. A total of 171 patients received PPI>30 d, mean duration 287 ± 120 d (PPI group); 115 patients were not maintained on acid suppression (No-PPI group). GI ulceration and bleeding events were rare in PPI group (1.2% and 2.3%, respectively) and not observed in No-PPI group (p = NS). The incidence of infectious or hematological complications was not significantly different between groups. The PPI group experienced more biopsy-proven acute rejection (9.4% vs. 2.6%, p = 0.03). No direct benefit was observed with PPI in reducing the incidence of GI ulcers and bleeding events in kidney transplant recipients undergoing early CSWD. Further studies are needed to investigate the association of PPI and acute rejection.
Temperature measurements of shocked silica aerogel foam.

We present recent results of equation-of-state (EOS) measurements of shocked silica (${\mathrm{SiO}}_{2}$) aerogel foam at the OMEGA laser facility. Silica aerogel is an important low-density pressure standard used in many high energy density experiments, including the novel technique of shock and release. Due to its many applications, it has been a heavily studied material and has a well-known Hugoniot curve. This work then complements the velocity and pressure measurements with additional temperature data providing the full EOS information within the warm dense matter regime for the temperature interval of 1--15 eV and shock velocities between 10 and 40 km/s corresponding to shock pressures of 0.3--2 Mbar. The experimental results were compared with hydrodynamic simulations and EOS models. We found that the measured temperature was systematically lower than suggested by theoretical calculations. Simulations provide a possible explanation that the emission measured by optical pyrometry comes from a radiative precursor rather than from the shock front, which could have important implications for such measurements.
Postmodern Revelation: Placing Levinas And Derrida In Line With Transcendental Methodology

How should a philosopher of religion from the continental tradition respond when someone like Žižek asks “do you believe in some form of the divine or not?”For the phenomenologist, this question can be answered with a yes only if it is possible for human experience to receive real revelation. This essay argues that the work of Levinas and Derrida, together, fall in line with Husserl’s late notion of transcendental methodology in such a way that human beings are shown to be structured in their intentional experience in such a way that revelation of the absolute is possible.
The therapeutic effect of the new formulation of K-CoxB-JN compound of myocardial injury in mice infected with CVB_3

Objective The therapeutic effect of the new formulation of K-CoxB-JN compound of myocardial injury in mice infected with CVB3.Methods Balb/c mice infected with CVB3 caused by viral myocarditis model,Respectively to the the new formulation of K-CoxB-JN compound compound extracts high,medium and low dose,Ribavirin and pure water gavage fourteen days.Mice were observed for general status,the number of recorded deaths,seventh days each randomly selected mouse 10 mouse label and weighed;Took blood measuring AST,CK activity,took heart,spleen,thymus weighing,calculation viscera index;Take heart in 10% formaldehyde fixed,myocardial pathological changes were observed by HE staining,pathological score record;Fourteenth days to rest of the mouse label and weighed,took blood measuring AST,CK activity,took heart,spleen,thymus weighing,Calculation viscera index;Take heart in 10% formaldehyde fixed,myocardial pathological changes were observed by HE staining,pathological score record.Results K-Cox-B-JN compound extract can reduce the mortality of mice with viral myocarditis and serum CK,AST content,Administered group and model control group compared P 0.05,and reduce the heart,spleen,thymus index and cardiac pathology in integral.Conclusion K CoxBJN compound extract on CVB3 infected mice have therapeutic action.
The Performance of Fertility Awareness-based Method Apps Marketed to Avoid Pregnancy

Introduction: In recent years there has been an explosion in the development of medical apps, with more than 40,000 apps now available. Nearly 100 apps allow women to track their fertility and menstrual cycles and can be used to avoid or achieve pregnancy. Apps offer a convenient way to track fertility biomarkers. However, only some use evidence-based fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs), which with ideal use have rates of effectiveness similar to those of commonly used forms of hormonal birth control. Since having a baby or preventing a pregnancy are important responsibilities, it is critical that women and couples have access to reliable, evidence-based apps that allow them to accurately track their fertility. Methods: We developed a tool to evaluate and rate fertility apps. This tool is specifically designed to help couples avoid pregnancy. Results: Results showed that the majority of fertility apps are not based on evidence-based FABMs or include a disclaimer discouraging use for avoiding pregnancy. However, at least 1 app in each FABM category (except symptohormonal methods) had a perfect score on accuracy. Conclusion: Relying solely on an app to use an FABM, without appropriate training in the method, may not be sufficient to prevent pregnancy. (J Am Board Fam Med 2016;29:508‐511.)
Consciousness, Spirituality and Right Decision/Negotiation in Purposeful Complex Adaptive Systems

Both cybernetic and self-organizing, purposeful complex adaptive systems (PCAS) express purpose by solving problems defined by choosing and delivering values to participants as operational goals through decision making. Individuals, groups, organizations, and economies are PCAS. Here we focus on indviduals and groups. Evolutionary Systems Design (ESD) is a universal (culture independent) general problem solving, formal modeling/design framework for PCAS that can be computer implemented in same time/same place or telework modes. Formally, in ESD sets of elements and their relations modeling a PCAS evolve through cybernetics/self organization. Spirituality and the concept of right decision/negotiation in PCAS are discussed in relation to consciousness. Rightness comes from spirituality, i.e., consciousness experiencing oneness. Oneness is integrally bound with love; hence the term oneness/love. Through right decision/negotiation PCAS try to realize their ultimate purpose to live Two (the relative, the process of all there is) as One (the absolute, all there is). Oneness/love, connectedness to One, promotes problem solving and negotiation - expressed formally in the ESD problem representation - that is at the same time right. Simply put, right problem solving requires oneness/love and delivers oneness/love. Computer and receiver modes of consciousness are discussed in relation to oneness/love and its absence experienced as separateness/fear. Ways to transit from the latter to the former are considered. P.L. Yu's Habitual Domain (HD) framework is introduced and discussed in relation to ESD. Evolutionary heuristics for evolution of an ESD right problem representation through cybernetics/self-organization are presented based on combined HD and ESD concepts. Then operational procedures for defining and validating a right problem for an individual or group and associated right decision/negotiation outcome are considered. Thus, the work contributes to procedural rationality - how decisions should be or are made - in purposeful complex adaptive systems. The paper suggests that for humans to live fully (awake) is to live in our love-based spirituality, in the moment, consciousness experiencing oneness/love at the edge of chaos, challenged in our purpose to live Two as One by spiritual or right decision/negotiation through cybernetics/self-organization, i.e., problem solving under oneness. Artificial agents in PCAS may participate in right decision/negotiation. They may in principle have consciousness but the nature of the subjective experience is unclear.
Serine 32 and serine 36 of IkappaBalpha are directly phosphorylated by protein kinase CKII in vitro.

IkappaBalpha is an inherently unstable protein which binds to and retains the ubiquitous transcription factor NFkappaB in the cytoplasm of resting cells. A continuous low level translocation of NFkappaB to the nucleus, secondary to the basal turnover of IkappaBalpha, is hypothesized to be necessary for cellular maturation, survival and, potentially, transformation. In response to cellular stimulation by inflammatory cytokines or mitogens, IkappaBalpha is rapidly degraded allowing larger pools of NFkappaB to translocate to the nucleus. Phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha at serine 32 (S32) and serine 36 (S36) is necessary for this stimuli-induced degradation. IKKalpha/beta kinases and p90(rsk1)are involved in stimuli-induced targeting of one or both of these IkappaBalpha sites. Whether other kinases phosphorylate S32 and S36 directly, and if so, what function they serve in NFkappaB activation remains unknown. Here we present evidence of a direct phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha at both S32 and S36 by purified or immunoprecipitated protein kinase CKII (PK-CKII) and a specific in vivo association between IkappaBalpha and PK-CKII. This PK-CKII-specific kinase activity is not found within the IKKalpha/beta-containing signalsome complex and is biochemically distinct from that of the IKKalpha/beta kinases. The identification of an additional N-terminal IkappaBalpha kinase which is constitutively active and not significantly inducible raises numerous possibilities as to its role in cellular function.
Correct parallel status assignment for the reason maintenance system

This paper represents a beginning development of a parallel truth maintenance system to interact with a parallel inference engine. We present a solution which performs status assignments in parallel to belief nodes in the Reason Maintenance System (RMS) presented by [Doyle, 1979], [Doyle, 1983]. We examine a previously described algorithm by [Petrie, 1986] which fails to correctly detect termination of the status assignments. Under Petrie's algorithm, termination may go undetected and in certain circumstances (namely the existence of an unsatisfiable circularity) a false detection may occur. We present an algorithm that corrects these problems.
Biomimicry, Biofabrication, and Biohybrid Systems: The Emergence and Evolution of Biological Design

The discipline of biological design has a relatively short history, but has undergone very rapid expansion and development over that time. This Progress Report outlines the evolution of this field from biomimicry to biofabrication to biohybrid systems' design, showcasing how each subfield incorporates bioinspired dynamic adaptation into engineered systems. Ethical implications of biological design are discussed, with an emphasis on establishing responsible practices for engineering non-natural or hypernatural functional behaviors in biohybrid systems. This report concludes with recommendations for implementing biological design into educational curricula, ensuring effective and responsible practices for the next generation of engineers and scientists.
Conduct Unbecoming a Federal Litigant: Conduct-Derived Waivers of the Right to Remove to and of the Right to Obtain Remand from Federal Court

The law governing removal and remand has increasingly been codified. Lawyers and judges look first to the statutes. But what conduct will waive the right to remove and the right to obtain remand of a case are among the shrinking number of issues that remain governed by common law. The absence of statutory provisions governing conduct-based waivers raises the question whether courts unilaterally should be recognizing such waivers at all, as a matter of separation of powers, and if so, under what circumstances waiver should be found. This Articles addresses those questions. It also takes on the underlying policy questions whether the law should make it easy for defendants to waive their right to remove (favoring plaintiffs' choice of the state court forum) or difficult (favoring defendants and the movement of cases to federal court), and whether the law should make it easy for plaintiffs to waive their right to remand (favoring defendants and the retention of jurisdiction by federal courts) or difficult (favoring plaintiffs and the reinstatement of their choice of state court as the forum to resolve their dispute). On close examination, I found that the doctrines that the courts have molded in these domains are not even-handed. Defendants are held to have waived their right to remove far less frequently than plaintiffs are held to have waived their right to remand. The historic preference for state courts reflected in the basic tenets that the removal statutes should be strictly construed and all doubts resolved in favor of remand, bolstered by the increasing degree to which federal courts are not hospitable fora for plaintiffs, argue for an adjustment of the common law of waiver that will, at a minimum, make the standards for waiver equivalent for plaintiffs and defendants, and at the maximum, reverse the imbalance in favor of plaintiffs' choice of forum. Because the courts are unlikely to change what they have been doing without a push from Congress and because Congress, as presently constituted, is highly unlikely to take a strong pro-plaintiff stance, this Article proposes statutory language that Congress could enact that would guide the courts to level the playing field. That change would be desirable as a matter of policy. In addition, such an enactment would aid attorneys and litigants by providing a spur to courts to re-think and clarify the circumstances under which they will find waiver of the rights to remove or to obtain remand. Judges and lawyers still would have to dig into case law but the statute would direct them there so they would no longer be in the dark as to whether judge-made waiver doctrines even exist concerning removal and the right to remand, and the body of case law that they would find ideally would be more coherent and defensible.
Tissue transport affects how treatment scheduling increases the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs.

Abstract A method to predict the effect of tissue transport on the scheduling of chemotherapeutic treatment could increase efficacy. Many drugs with desirable pharmacokinetic properties fail in vivo due to poor transport through tissue. To predict the effect of treatment schedule on drug efficacy we developed an in silico method that integrates diffusion through tissue and cell binding into a pharmacokinetic model. The model was evaluated with an array of theoretical drugs that had different rates of diffusivity, binding, and clearance. The efficacy of each drug, quantified as the fraction of cells killed, was calculated for twenty dosage schedules. Simulations showed that efficacy strongly depended on tissue transport, with a range of 0.00 to 99.99%, despite each drug having equal plasma areas under the curve (AUC). For most drugs, schedules that increased exposure also increased efficacy. Drugs with fast clearance benefited the most from increasing the number of doses and this was most effective for those with intermediary binding. All drugs with slow diffusivity were ineffective. For a subset of drugs, increasing the number of doses decreased efficacy. This phenomenon was unexpected because, when considering uptake into tissue, sustained plasma levels from multiple doses are generally assumed to be more effective. This counterintuitive decrease in efficacy was caused by drug retention within tumor tissue. These results established a set of rules that suggests how transport parameters affect the efficacy of drugs at different schedules. The two most predominant rules are (1) multiple doses improve efficacy for drugs with fast clearance, fast diffusivity and low to intermediate cell binding; and (2) one dose is most effective for drugs with slow clearance, slow diffusivity or strong cell binding. Understanding the role of tissue transport when determining drug treatment schedules would improve the outcome of preclinical animal experiments and early clinical trials.
Assessment of treatment factors and clinical outcomes in cervical cancer in older women compared to women under 65 years old.

Abstract Objective This study aims to understand the treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of older women with cervical cancer compared to younger women. Methods Women undergoing care for cervical cancer between 2000 and 2013 at two academic institutions were identified. The cohort of older patients was defined as >65 years old at diagnosis. Patient charts were retrospectively reviewed, and clinical variables were extracted. Fisher's exact tests, logistic regression, and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed. Results From 2000 to 2013 1119 women with cervical cancer were identified. Of these, 191 (17.0%) were >65 years old at the time of diagnosis. Older women were more likely to present with higher stage disease (p 65 (HR 1.76, 95%CI 1.30–2.40), stage (HR 2.77, 95%CI 2.40–3.21), and ever undergoing surgery (HR 0.60, 95%CI 0.44–0.82) as independently associated with overall survival. Conclusions Women over age 65 with cervical cancer are less likely to undergo surgical management and were observed to have a decreased overall survival, even when controlling for use of surgery and stage of disease.