cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Characterization of nuclear matrices prepared without salt extraction.

Abstract The structure and composition of the nuclear matrices prepared from a mouse mammary adenocarcinoma cell (line 66) by digestion with DNase I and several proteases (PRT-matrices) were characterized by protein and DNA gel electrophoresis, flow cytometry, and scanning electron microscopy. The characteristics of these PRT-matrices were compared with the characteristics of conventionally prepared nuclear matrices that employ a high salt extraction step (HS-matrices) in order to select a preparation that can be used in biochemical and/or biophysical studies where salt extraction compromises either the analysis or the interpretation of the data. Of the characterized PRT-matrices, only those prepared with Type XIV protease (pronase) had most of the characteristics of HS-matrices. They, (i) maintained their structural integrity, (ii) had ⩽5% of their nuclear DNA associated with the matrix, (iii) had no evidence of higher-order chromatin structure, and (iv) had a DNA size distribution in the range of 400–1100 bp. The major difference between the PRT-matrices and the HS-matrices was a decrease in the protein content of the PRT-matrices. Although the PRT-matrices may not be appropriate for studying the unique nuclear matrix associated proteins that are involved in functions such as replication, transcription, and differentiation, they are clearly suitable for studying the properties of the nuclear matrix associated DNA.
Cognitive assessment of social anxiety: Affective and behavioral correlates.

Issues in the cognitive assessment of extreme social anxiety in adults were explored, with a major focus on the relationship between and utility of structured questionnaire and protocol analysis methods. The assessment of underlying cognitive factors associated with concerns over evaluation by others was also of interest, as were the affective and behavioral correlates of cognitive variables. Reports of negative thoughts on a thought listing prior to an actual conversation were found to be related to negative self-statements on a structured questionnaire (Social Interaction Self-Statement Test) filled out after the interaction, and both measures showed an asymmetric preponderance of negative over positive thoughts. Thoughts on the SISST were related to irrational beliefs and fear of negative evaluation, social anxiety, and global behavioral ratings of the interaction made by both partners and judges. The lack of significant correlations between thoughts on the SISST and microbehavior ratings, and between thought listings and other cognitive, affective, and behavioral measures, underscores the utility of structured self-statement measures and global behavioral assessment strategies.
Cardiac surgery in patients with chronic renal disease

Abstract The combination of chronic renal failure and cardiovascular disease is identified frequently and results in high morbidity and mortality without appropriate medical and surgical therapy. Experience during the last eighteen years has shown that cardiac operations can be undertaken in this high-risk group with acceptable morbidity and mortality and with reasonable expectation of symptomatic improvement. In a six-year period, 17 patients with chronic renal disease underwent cardiac procedures at the Vanderbilt University Affiliated Hospitals. Ten patients were on long-term hemodialysis, and 7 had a functioning renal transplant. Thirteen patients had a coronary artery bypass procedure alone, 1 had a bypass procedure plus aortic valve replacement, 1 had a bypass procedure plus repair of the mitral valve, 1 had a bypass procedure and resection of a left ventricular aneurysm, and 1 had aortic valve and mitral valve replacement for endocarditis. Sixteen patients survived and were discharged. The hospital stay was shorter for patients with a renal transplant than for those on hemodialysis (mean, 11 days versus 22 days, respectively), and perioperative complications were less frequent in the transplant group. There has been 1 late death unrelated to the operative procedure. Fifteen long-term survivors have been followed a mean of 26 months (range 7 to 108 months). All have achieved symptomatic improvement and are in New York Heart Association Functional Class I or II. These results in this high-risk patient group provide a basis for cautious optimism and for a continued aggressive approach in patients with chronic renal disease who require cardiac operation.
Thermal Expansion and Other Anharmonic Properties of Crystals

The temperature dependences of the thermodynamic functions, as derived from lattice dynamics, are examined for the limit of low temperature and also for high temperatures (those above a high characteristic temperature). Particular attention is given to the effects of anharmonic terms in the lattice potential energy. Detailed calculations are reported for central-potential models for fcc, bcc, and hcp lattices. In particular, the normal-mode frequencies and Gr\"uneisen parameters were calculated for a large number of points in the Brillouin zone as a function of volume; and the specific heat, compressibility, thermal-expansion coefficient, and macroscopic Gr\"uneisen parameter were calculated as functions of temperature and volume. At fixed volume the isothermal compressibility shows little temperature dependence and the explicit anharmonic contribution is small; at zero pressure the compressibility increases with increasing temperature and the explicit anharmonic contribution is again small. The thermal-expansion coefficient exhibits similar behavior at high temperatures. The anharmonic specific heat is proportional to temperature at high temperatures, and also depends strongly on the volume. The effective Debye temperatures and the macroscopic Gr\"uneisen parameters exhibit a wide variety of temperature and volume dependences. Approximations are developed for quantities which determine the behavior of thermodynamic functions at low and high temperatures, and approximate relations between several anharmonic properties are found. These approximations are tested by comparison with accurate calculations for the central-potential models.
Electroencephalographic sleep in late-life neuropsychiatric disorders.

Late-life depression and dementia of the Alzheimer's type both have profound, although different, effects on electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep patterns. Thus, while depression is associated with REM sleep disinhibition and extreme sleep fragmentation (e.g., sleep onset REM periods and early morning awakenings), Alzheimer's disease is associated with deficits in the production of phasic activity during sleep (e.g., rapid eye movements and K-complexes) and with increased rates of sleep-disordered breathing. These differences have been shown to be reliable in large numbers of patients during the past five years and appear to extend to differences in sleep between depressive pseudodementia and dementia with secondary depression. Preliminary data also suggest that pretreatment sleep onset REM periods may be associated with enhanced vulnerability to recurrent depression. In summary, sleep physiological measures provide useful diagnostic and prognostic indexes in late-life neuropsychiatric disorders.
Physiologic Effects of the Position of the Body in Experimental Unilateral Emphysema

The functional residual capacity (FRC), static compliance (Cst) of use respiratory system, minute ventilation, and arterial blood gas levels were studied in the prone, the supine, and the right and left lateral decubitus positions in dogs with papain-induced emphysema of the right lung alone and were compared with control values. The FRC and Cst of the respiratory system were significantly increased in experimental animals in all four positions, as compared with controls. This was due entirely to increases in FRC and Cst for the right lung alone; for the unexposed left rang the FRC and Cst were significantly reduced, as compared to controls. The mean arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) was decreased in all positions, except the right lateral decubitus position, in which the mean PaO2 was not different from controls. This model demonstrates that in unilaterally distributed, experimentally induced emphysema, alterations in the position of the body alone may significantly alter the FRC, Cst, and gas exchange either favorably or unfavorably, depending upon the position.
Transhiatal esophagectomy for carcinoma of the esophagus

One hundred thirty-one patients (107 men and 24 women) underwent transhiatal esophagectomy for carcinoma of the esophagus. Median age was 65.3 years (range, 30 to 89 years). Signs and symptoms were present in 130 patients, which included dysphagia in 96 (73.3%) and weight loss (median, 7.7 kg) in 52 (39.7%). The cancer involved the gastroesophageal junction in 94 patients, the lower half of the intrathoracic esophagus in 25, the upper half in 10, and multiple sites in 2. An adenocarcinoma was present in 101 patients (77.1%), squamous cell carcinoma in 29 (22.1%), and adenosquamous cell in 1 (0.8%). The cancer was classified as stage 0 in 4 patients, stage I in 16, stage IIA in 26, stage IIB in 18, stage III in 65, and stage IV in 1. The stomach was used to replace the esophagus in all patients. Operative mortality was 2.3%. Anastomotic leak developed in 32 patients; 6 leaks were not clinically significant, 12 healed with drainage alone, and 14 required further surgical intervention. Follow-up ranged from 1 month to 6.7 years (median, 1.4 years). Currently, 42 patients are alive, 34 without evidence of recurrence. Overall 5-year survival was 20.8% and varied according to stage. Five-year survival was 47.5% for patients with stage I disease compared with 37.7% for patients in stage II and only 5.8% 4-year survival for patients in stage III. Cell type also influenced survival. Five-year survival for patients with adenocarcinoma was 27.1% compared with zero for patients with squamous cell carcinoma (p < 0.03).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
OC117: Are double pulsations in the umbilical vein equivalent to a-wave reversal in the ductus venosus in the management of IUGR?

Objectives: Doppler waveforms of the Ductus Venosus (DV) demonstrate two periods of decreased blood velocity. These occur during isovolumetric relaxation at the end of ventricular systole and during atrial contraction at the end of ventricular diastole (a wave). In IUGR fetuses, both the isovolumetric relaxation velocity (IRV) and the end-diastolic velocity (EDV) may become abnormal. The hypothesis of this study is that in severely premature IUGR fetuses, Doppler assessment of both the IRV and the EDV allows a more accurate prediction of fetal outcome than A/REDF alone. Methods: DV Doppler was serially studied in 49 severely premature IUGR fetuses from diagnosis until demise or delivery. DV waveforms were assessed quantitatively for peak systolic velocity (PSV), IRV, and EDV and qualitatively for forward or A/REDF. The SIA Index [PSV/(IRV+EDV)] was calculated for each fetus and compared to fetal/neonatal outcomes. Data was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Mann-Whitney U test. Results: There were 8 fetal demises (FD), 9 neonatal demises (ND), and 32 neonates survived (NS) at the time of hospital discharge. An ROC curve for the SIA Index in all cases showed less than −1.25 correlated with FD and greater than −1.25 correlated with live birth with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. A second ROC curve of live births showed less than 2.07 correlated with NS and greater than 2.07 correlated with ND with a sensitivity of 67% and a specificity of 94%. DV A/REDF correlated with FD and ND with sensitivities of 88% and 78%, respectively, and with NS 32%. Of the 32 NS, 11 (34%) possessed A/REDF at some time, with a median of 11 days before delivery. Conclusions: The SIA Index is a novel Doppler parameter in the assessment of severely premature IUGR fetuses that allows a much more accurate prediction of fetal outcome compared to A/REDF alone. Assessment of the SIA Index should therefore be considered part of the evaluation of IUGR fetuses.
An approach to the problem of psychopathic personality

1. Psychopathic personality is a community problem which merits attention and study on the part of the State hospital psychiatrist. 2. The generally accepted concept of psychopathic personality has been reviewed. 3. The activities of the mendicancy service in the New York City magistrates' courts have been outlined and its limitations and advantages noted. 4. A plea is made for an approach to the problem of the psychopathic personality similar to that used in other problems in medicine, namely, a comprehensive research program.
Optical production systems using neural networks and symbolic substitution

Two optical implementations of production systems are advanced. The production systems operate on a knowledge base where facts and rules are encoded as formulas in propositional calculus. The first implementation is a binary neural network. An analog neural network is used to include reasoning with uncertainties. The second implementation uses a new optical symbolic substitution correlator. This implementation is useful when a set of similar situations has to be handled in parallel on one processor.
Biochemical composition of rat costal cartilage prior to and during calcification.

SummaryThe ash, calcium and phosphorus contents of rat costal cartilage began to increase subsequent to 20, 16 and 18 days of age, respectively. However, at termination of the experiment (49 days of age), the quantities of the above 3 substances in costal cartilage were still much less than in rib bone. The amounts of collagen, hexosamine and uronic acid in rat costal cartilage had different relationships to animal age. No consistent relationships were observed among changes in the quantities of organic and inorganic cartilage components.
Sarcoidosis or Fungal Disease

A review of 650 cases of pulmonary fungal disease observed at the Mayo Clinic during a ten-year period revealed that the thoracic roentgenogram in pulmonary fungal disease was readily distinguishable from that in classic sarcoidosis. Nevertheless, in order to exclude a mycologic cause, appropriate microbiologic and serologic studies should be performed in every case in which sarcoidosis is suspected or even seems to be established.
An adaptive FEA method to predict surface quality in hard machining

Abstract A significant problem of studying surface integrity using FEA simulation is the severe element distortions on the machined surface. The severe distortions raise significant numerical problems in performing a simulation and analyzing surface integrity. In this study, adaptive meshing techniques of initial angle control (IAC) and mesh constraint control (MCC) were exploited to improve mesh quality of the machined surface. Simulations with and without adaptive meshing and different adaptive techniques were conducted and compared to evaluate their effectiveness on surface mesh quality. The simulation results have shown that the use of adaptive mesh in metal cutting simulations improves the stability of saw-tooth chip formation. Adaptive mesh can significantly mitigate element distortions, stresses, strains, and temperatures in the subsurface and therefore improve mesh quality. IAC and MCC adaptive meshing at high frequency give similar results which are consistent with experimental observations, while a low adaptive frequency tends to give deviated results. The importance of using adaptive mesh has been demonstrated if surface integrity is considered.
Extraction of HReO4, HClO4 and HAuCl4 by trioctylphosphine oxide in benzene, 1,3,5-triethylbenzene and chloroform

Abstract The extractions of HReO4, HClO4, and HAuCl4 into dilute solutions of trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) in benzene, chloroform and 1,3,5-triethylbenzene have been studied. In both aromatic diluent systems over the range of concentrations studied, the extracting species for HReO4 and HClO4 was an ion pair, and when the stoichiometric ratio of TOPO/HX > 2, there were two TOPO molecules per acid in the extracted complex. This was also true for HAuCl4 at concentrations 2. These CHCl3 systems also indicated anion (ReO4− > AuCl4−) stabilization of the one-TOPO complex. Small amounts of water coextracted with the two-TOPO acid-complex, but the amounts were always significantly less than would be needed for the formation of a hydronium ion in the organic phase: [ H 2 O ] 0 /[ H X] 0 1 2 . It is concluded that the extraction complex is a di-(mono-) TOPO solvate of a proton. Extraction of acid was poorest into TOPO-CHCl3, due to extensive complexing of TOPO by chloroform.
Foreigner Talk and the Origins of Pidgin Portuguese

In this study it is argued that what Naro (1978) calls the Reconnaissance Language (RL) was not a pidgin language but simply an instance of foreigner talk (FT). Historical evidence is presented from which it can be reasonably inferred that Portuguese FT must have existed before the RL was purportedly formed. Moreover, it is claimed that if the Portuguese in fact taught African captives simplified Portuguese, which is not entirely supported by the facts, the strategies and patterns from which they would have drawn, to simplify their language and teach it to the Africans, arguably stem from FT strategies that already existed in Portuguese. By simply assuming that Portuguese FT strategies existed at the time of the Portuguese seaborne expansion, all the features of Naro's RL are accounted for. Consequently, positing something like an RL, i.e., a code consciously developed by the Portuguese court to teach to African captives who were prospective interpreters, becomes unnecessary.
A simulation-optimisation approach for reconfigurable inventory space planning in remanufacturing facilities

Although remanufacturing facilities are becoming increasingly vital components in some supply chains, significant variability over time in returned product volumes, reusable part yields, and refurbished item demand can result in significant variability in storage requirements over time. In response, manufacturers can implement reconfigurable inventory systems to accommodate off-setting swings in storage needs between types of components and processing activities, including temporary external storage. A Monte Carlo (MC) simulation-optimisation approach has first been developed to emulate a generalised remanufacturing facility with random receiving patterns, component yields, and refurbished demand. Then, a multi-dimensional golden section search algorithm is implemented to identify optimal storage capacities and reconfiguration decisions in each time period that minimise long-term expected total cost. In pilot applications, improvements over non-reconfigurable systems range from 9% to 33% reductions in tot...
Paul's Fictive Kinship Movement

This examination of Paul's kinship terminology focuses on Paul's perception of Jesus as Son and of those baptized into his death, thereby sharing in the fruits of his resurrection as adopted sons of God. In the fictive kinship model of God's bonds with those "in Christ," Paul eschews the notion of a kind of political messiahship that the Gospel accounts perceive for Jesus. Moreover, Paul opens his fictive family to gentiles in a way not so promoted in the Gospels. Thus, Paul's model of Jesus, based on rebirth as Son, carries with it a complex of implications that issue in the renewal of a more traditional kinship system for an extended family of Abraham. Adding gentiles to this kinship group creates in effect a movement, many of whose components continue even today.
Dynamic visual performance: Comparison between helmet-mounted CRTs and LCDs

— A methodology is demonstrated for evaluating dynamic visual performance by comparing a helmet-mounted cathode-ray-tube (CRT) display with a liquid-crystal display (LCD). The miniature CRT contained in the Integrated Helmet and Display Sighting System (IHADSS) used in the AH-64 Apache helicopter was compared to a head-mounted active-matrix LCD (AMLCD) currently under development. Dynamic visual performance was assessed by measuring flicker detection, target recognition vs. duration, and target recognition vs. velocity in five subjects tested with each display (two-way repeated measures design). At low-to-moderate rates of stimulus presentation, there was no significant difference in dynamic visual performance between displays. However, at higher rates of presentation (flicker frequency greater than 4 Hz, target velocity greater than 4 deg/s, target duration less than 250 ms), dynamic visual performance was significantly reduced when using an LCD compared to a CRT (p < 0.01). These visual-performance differences, which were not explicable by display differences in luminance, color, or spatial resolution, reflect differences in the capacity of each system to generate imagery of sufficient contrast at high rates of presentation. Implications for selection and development of visual displays for use in aviation and related fields are considered.
Heat transfer in simulated boiling

An experimental study was undertaken to determine the variations of heat-transfer coefficient on a submerged heating surface while air bubbles were injected into the liquid through an orifice in the plate. The results indicated that heat transfer is most intensive during the time that the bubble detaches from the surface. This casts doubts on boiling heat-transfer correlations based on bubble growth or rising phase considerations. In conclusion, it is suggested that the “agitation” and “latent heat” views of boiling heat transfer may be combined in a unified model.
Intrinsic reflection asymmetry in odd-A nuclei

Abstract A theoretical description is formulated for odd-A nuclei whose intrinsic shape is axially elongated and statically or dynamically reflection asymmetric. It is used to evaluate data in the Ra-Ac-Th-Pa region on energy levels, decoupling factors, α-transitions and electromagnetic M1, E1 and E3 matrix elements. The results provide firm empirical evidence for a predicted transition from octupole vibrations above A ∼ 229 to more or less stable octupole deformation in lighter isotopes. Some parity-mixed Nilsson orbitals resulting from strong coupling to the intrinsic reflection asymmetry can be identified.
Differential effects of acute alcohol on EEG and sedative responses in adolescent and adult Wistar rats

Age-related developmental differences in sensitivity to the acute effects of alcohol may play an important role in the development of alcoholism. The present study was designed to evaluate the acute effects of alcohol on cortical electroencephalogram (EEG) in adolescent (P36) and adult (P78) Wistar rats. Five minutes of EEG was recorded after administration of 0, 0.75 or 1.5 g/kg alcohol. The righting reflex was performed to measure the sedative effects of alcohol (3.5 g/kg) and total sleeping time for each rat. Our results showed that alcohol (1.5 g/kg) increased power in the 1–2 Hz band and decreased the power in the 32–50 Hz band in the parietal cortical region of adolescent rats. Alcohol (1.5 g/kg) also increased stability of the EEG power in the slow-wave frequency bands (2–4 Hz, 4–6 Hz, and 6–8 Hz) of adolescent rats. In the frontal cortex of adult rats, but not in adolescent rats, alcohol (1.5 or 0.75 g/kg) decreased the power in the 16–32 Hz frequency band. Alcohol (1.5 g/kg) differentially increased power in a multiple of slow-wave frequency bands (2–4 Hz and 4–6 Hz) in the parietal cortex of adult rats as compared to adolescent rats. Adolescent rats were shown significantly shorter sleeping time and higher blood alcohol levels after regaining reflex than adult rats. Our results provide additional evidence of age-related differences in the effects of acute alcohol on cortical EEG, sedation and tolerance.
Supercurrent flow through a semiconductor: the transport properties of superconductor–semiconductor hybrid structures

Abstract When heavily modulation-doped InAs quantum wells are contacted by a pair of closely spaced superconducting electrodes, the electrical resistance through the structure gradually vanishes when the temperature is dropped below the critical temperature of the electrodes. The I–V characteristics eventually become qualitatively similar to those of more conventional Josephson junctions and weak links. Quantitatively, though, major differences exist, believed to be a consequence of electrode separations that are large compared to those in more conventional SNS weak links. The underlying physics is that of ballistic electron transport in the semiconductor, combined with Andreev reflections at the superconducting electrodes.
Enhancement of refractive index in Ti:LiTaO/sub 3/ optical waveguides by Zn vapor diffusion

A double diffusion technique to enhance the effective mode index of optical waveguides in LiTaO/sub 3/ is discussed. It consists of Zn diffusion from the vapor phase at relatively low temperatures (750-800 degrees C), into waveguides initially produced by Ti indiffusion at higher temperature (1150-1200 degrees C). Both X- and Z-cut substrates are investigated. A model combines profiles of both diffusions is formulated to calculate the expected effective index values for planar waveguides. Good agreement is found between experimental results and model predictions which assume that the initial Ti profile is not affected by the lower-temperature Zn diffusion. Effective index enhancements as high as 0.005 and 0.003 are obtained by this method for the fundamental extraordinary and ordinary modes, respectively. >
Oxalate regulation by two brown rot fungi decaying oxalate- amended and non-amended wood

Oxalic acid secretion by brown rot wood-degrading fungi has been proposed to function in pH control and nonenzymatic biodegradation. Although oxalate production in liquid cultures of brown rot fungi commonly correlates with glucose oxidation, excess oxalate accumulation in wood during oxidative decay could impede Fe 3q reduction by fungal-derived chelators and thus inhibit brown rot. In this study, we pre-treated spruce wood with various oxalate concentrations and subjected it to brown rot decay by Fomitopsis pinicola and Meruliporia incrassata in agar- and soil-block trials. In agar-block microcosms containing wood pre-treated with 0, 1, 10 or 100 mM sodium oxalate, test fungi equalized wood oxalate and pH at week 12 of decay by either increasing or reducing wood oxalate, depending on the pre-treatment. Oxalate reductions in wood were not accompanied by increases in agar oxalate. During soil-block decay of wood pretreated with 0 or 50 mM oxalate, oxalate and pH regulation were time-dependent and more variable. Wood oxalate levels did not increase with increasing fungal biomass (per ergosterol); however, decreases in oxalate were not explained by enhanced oxalate catabolism activity, Ca 2q import, or translocation of oxalate into the soil. Our results suggest that brown rot fungi may optimize extracellular oxalate during wood decay, and that soil characteristics may influence this dynamic.
Chicken interferon-mediated induction of major histocompatibility complex Class II antigens on peripheral blood monocytes

Abstract Conditioned medium containing immune interferon (IFN) activity was prepared by stimulating spleen lymphocytes obtained from inbred SC chickens with 10 μg concanavalin A (Con A) for 48 h. Pretreatment of spleen cells with monoclonal antibody against CD4, but not CD8, abrogated IFN production suggesting that CD4+ lymphocytes are responsible for immune IFN production. Immune IFN was purified 25-fold from Con A conditioned medium using controlled-pore glass column chromatography resulting in an increase in specific antiviral activity from 7 to 3290 units mg−1. Partially purified immune IFN retained antiviral and macrophage-activating factor (MAF)-like activities. Normal peripheral blood macrophages, when cultured in the presence of partially purified immune IFN, showed a dose-dependent increase in cell surface major histocompatibility complex Class II antigen expression by flow cytometry. Northern blot analysis of mRNA obtained from IFN-treated macrophages showed a concomitant increase in Class II gene expression. This effect was more obvious in cells induced for 48 h than in those induced for 24 h. These results strongly suggest the existence of an avian homologue of the MAF-like activity.
Writing correct parallel programs

This paper explores the questions: Is writing correct parallel programs harder than writing correct sequential programs? If so, why? What can be done to help in developing reliable parallel programs?. >
Ovarian surface epitheliectomy in the non-human primate: continued cyclic ovarian function and limited epithelial replacement

background: The fifth leading cause of cancer deaths among women is ovarian cancer (OC), which originates primarily in the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) that surrounds the ovary. Permanent removal of the OSE could provide a novel strategy to substantially reduce OC risk, while retaining the benefits of ovarian function, including gameto- and steroidogenesis. It must be determined whether ovarian surface epitheliectomy (OSEx) carries deleterious side effects, including loss of menstrual cyclicity, infertility or scarring (e.g. adhesions), prior to any clinical application of this strategy. To achieve this, we selected the non-human primate, rhesus macaque, for long-term (12 month) studies on the effects of OSEx. methods: Rhesus macaque females underwent OSEx by detergent treatment and were then monitored for menstrual cyclicity (menstruation, steroidogenesis and follicle development) and adverse side effects (tissue scarring or adhesions). Ovaries were collected at 6 or 12 months and examined for evidence of tissue damage, follicle rupture and regression of the corpus luteum. The ovarian surface was examined immunohistologically for signs of epithelial replacement, using markers for OSE and fimbrial epithelium (FE), a possible alternative source of pelvic tumors diagnosed as OC. results: After OSEx, menstrual cycle length, estrogen and progesterone production, follicle rupture and luteal regression appeared normal. No evidence of adhesions was seen. At 6 and 12 months post-OSEx, the ovarian surface was sparsely populated by cells expressing OSE and FE markers. Proliferative activity in this population was notably low. conclusions: OSEx may provide a novel method to reduce the risk of OC, without sacrificing ovarian function, although the effects on fertility remain to be tested. The absence of epithelial replacement via enhanced proliferation suggests OSEx does not increase malignant potential. Complete and permanent OSEx may be feasible.
Consistent occupational preferences, vocational maturity, and academic achievement

Abstract This study explored the differences in vocational maturity, academic aptitude, and achievement variables among female sorority students who made congruent, incongruent, and undecided occupational choices. The variables were operationally defined by the Career Maturity Inventory, the American College Test Battery, and a self-report questionnaire. Congruent, incongruent, and undecided current occupational choice groups were defined operationally using the Self-Directed Search. The analysis of variance revealed the main effect of groups to be significant for two variables. The findings suggest that students in the congruent female group tend to be more vocationally mature than students in the incongruent and undecided groups.
Flow Anomaly Detection in Firewalled Networks

Most contemporary intrusion detection systems rely upon comprehensive signature databases containing the characteristics of known attacks, leaving them unable to detect novel attacks. In this paper, we propose the Flow Anomaly Detection System (FADS), an anomaly detection system based upon the analysis of network flow data in controlled environments. We show that the standard deviation and interquartile range techniques produce a manageable number of alerts when applied to this data and demonstrate the effectiveness of the system through analysis of case studies. We also demonstrate that FADS? performance is sufficient to facilitate implementation as an anomaly detection system.
Sub-micro-gravity capacitive SOI microaccelerometers

The implementation and preliminary characterization of a new in-plane capacitive microaccelerometer with sub-micro-gravity resolution ( 15pF/g) is presented. The accelerometers are fabricated in thick (>100 /spl mu/m) silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates using a 2-mask fully-dry-release process that provides large seismic mass (>10 mg), reduced capacitive gaps, and reduced in-plane stiffness. The fabricated devices were interfaced to a high resolution switched-capacitor CMOS IC that eliminates the need for area-consuming reference capacitors. The measured sensitivity is 83 mV/mg (17 pF/g) and the output noise floor is -91 dBm/Hz at 10 Hz (corresponding to an acceleration resolution of 170 ng//spl radic/Hz). The IC consumes 6 mW power and measures 0.65 mm/sup 2/ core area.
Self-Efficacy: Implications for Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management

Self-efficacy (one's belief in one's capability to perform a task) affects task effort, persistence, expressed interest, and the level of goal difficulty selected for performance. Despite this, lit...
Affective disorder and personality change in a patient with traumatic brain injury.

Received January 4, 2006; revised February 10, 2006; accepted March 20, 2006. From the Division of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neuropsychiatry, Dept. of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, and the Brain Injury Clinic, Community Psychiatry Program, Dept. of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD. Send correspondence and reprint requests to Vani Rao, M.D., Assistant Professor, Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neuropsychiatry, 550 N. Broadway, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21205. e-mail: vrao@jhmi.edu Copyright 2007 The Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem in the United States. The medical and psychiatric consequences of TBI are often dire, and these consequences permeate the patient’s life at all levels. Although medical disabilities usually stabilize after rehabilitation, psychiatric consequences can cause chronic handicaps that often do not receive appropriate attention and treatment. Common post-TBI psychiatric comorbidities include affective, cognitive, and behavioral disorders. The prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses in these patients is much higher than in the general population, and up to 44% of patients suffer from more than one psychiatric disorder. Unfortunately, the symptoms of psychiatric conditions are often accepted as “normal” reactions to a devastating event. Without a diagnosis, TBI patients are deprived of appropriate treatment for prolonged periods. During this critical period, symptoms worsen and the consequences are compounded. A comprehensive evaluation to determine the presence of psychiatric disorders is essential for TBI patients. The detection of psychiatric phenomena affects crucial decisions that will set the pace for treatment and increase the likelihood of successful rehabilitation. We present a case that demonstrates how one patient suffered from several psychiatric conditions after a TBI. As each problem arose, reevaluation and reformulation were essential in order to institute an appropriate and effective treatment plan. Furthermore, close follow-up was important so as to ensure that that his progress in rehabilitation would be sustained. Despite their characterization as a group with poor prognosis, TBI patients not only benefit from treatment but also can return to meaningful and productive lives. Our case represents this expectation of optimism and is an example of our wider clinical experience.
Retail Strategies for Extended Warranty Sales and Impact on Manufacturer Base Warranties

Consider two competing manufacturers selling their products through the same retailer. If this retailer derives profits from extended warranty sales, the manufacturers face a dilemma in setting their base warranties. Although they have incentive to increase their warranties to make their products attractive to consumers, the retailer might prefer selling lower-warranty products to enhance extended warranties sales. We develop a stylized model to determine and analyze optimal manufacturer and retailer strategies in this setting. Consistent with the ongoing decline in warranties for products that are sold through independent retailers, we show that these interactions exert downward pressure on manufacturer warranties. Rather than pitching the extended warranty at the checkout after customers have selected a certain product, we find that retailers can often benefit from inducing simultaneous consideration of product and extended warranty characteristics, for example by posting extended warranty information right on the product shelf.
Carbonate Facies of Sierra Gomez, Chihuahua, Mexico: ABSTRACT

Sierra Gomez, approximately 20 km east of Aldama, Mexico, consists of approximately 500 m of folded and thrusted middle Cretaceous massive to thin-bedded mudstones and wackestones. Thin-bedded units are generally laminated and show local soft-sediment deformation. The laminated carbonates are dark-gray, with some bedded, black chert and contain gastropods, oysters, and the bivalve Corbula. Massive units are generally dark-gray to tan, with chert nodules and stylolites, and contain rudists, oysters, corals, and gastropods. The silicified megafauna includes abundant bivalves such as radiolitid and toucasid rudists, Ostrea sp., Corbula sp., Granocardium sp., and several other genera. At least five species of gastropods have been found that include at least two species of Turritella and Heliocryptus planorbis. Abundant corals as well as worm encrustations and sponge borings (Clinos) are also recorded. These limestones have been described as basinal facies of the Aurora Limestone. A significant portion of the megafauna has apparently not been transported. Shallow-water deposition is also indicated by the presence of rudists in apparent growth position. Normal marine conditions are established by the presence of the stenohaline coelenterates. End_of_Article - Last_Page 766------------
Hybrid GBAR/Nonlinear Time-Series Method for Generation of Synthetic VBR Video Traffic

Linear analysis of a data set examines any evident structure in the data through linear correlations and implicitly assumes that any dynamics of the system are modeled linearly, where small perturbations of initial conditions lead to small changes in the unfolding dynamics. Linear analysis attributes all irregular behavior of the system to stochastic external excitation of the system. However, stochastic excitation of linear equations is not the only source of irregularity in the output of a system. For nonlinear chaotic systems, irregular outputs can be produced from deterministic equations of motion in an autonomous manner; that is with time-independent inputs. We use methods from nonlinear time series to generate synthetic VBR video data. We propose a hybrid algorithm which combines methods from nonlinear time-series analysis to produce downsampled VBR data at the relevant time scale and interpolates between this downsampled data by using the GBAR model for synthetic VBR video data. We contrast this hybrid method with the purely stochastic GBAR method and with a purely deterministic nonlinear time-series method, using both H.263 and MPEG4 data. We compare pdfs and autocorrelation functions of the synthetic and true data. For MPEG4 data the characterisitc autocorrelation structure, present due to GOP coding, is reproduced well by the nonlinear deterministic algorithm. Such synthetic VBR video data are useful in many different aspects of performance evaluation and resource allocation for networks.
Interaction between nitric oxide signaling and gap junctions: effects on vascular function

Nitric oxide signaling, through eNOS (or possibly nNOS), and gap junction communication are essential for normal vascular function. While each component controls specific aspects of vascular function, there is substantial evidence for cross-talk between nitric oxide signaling and the gap junction proteins (connexins), and more recently, protein-protein association between eNOS and connexins. This review will examine the evidence for interaction between these pathways in normal and diseased arteries, highlight the questions that remain about the mechanisms of their interaction, and explore the possible interaction between nitric oxide signaling and the newly discovered pannexin channels. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The Communicating junctions, composition, structure and characteristics.
The effects of physical attractiveness on gaining access to alcohol: when social policy meets social decision making

Despite numerous legal interventions, minors continue to purchase and consume alcohol. Prior research had suggested that the decision to request identification to prove legal age was susceptible to various judgement and decision heuristics. This research examined whether the physical attractiveness of the potential consumer and the presence or absence of others were significant predictors of alcohol accessibility. Bartenders (n = 130) rated a target individual who was either high or low in attractiveness. Results indicated that attractiveness was a significant predictor of proofing likelihood. High levels of attractiveness were associated with a decrease in the likelihood of being asked to provide proof of legal age for the purchase of alcohol. Individuals presented alone were seen as significantly older than when grouped with others. Implications of these findings for the restriction of alcohol availability among minors are considered.
Effects of nonlinear gain on mode-hopping in semiconductor laser diodes

A systematic and comprehensive analysis of longitudinal mode-hopping, due to nonlinear gain, and its influence on the design criteria of transverse-mode-controlled semiconductor laser diodes are presented. An existing nonlinear model, which was derived using a density matrix formalism, has been extended in this paper to generate the nonlinear gain coefficient matrix. Properties of the nonlinear gain coefficient matrix, which describes the interaction among cavity modes, are discussed. Using the new nonlinear gain in the steady-state multimode rate equations, conventional Fabry-Perot (FP) and short cavity Fabry-Perot (SFP) semiconductor laser diodes have been numerically simulated. Design issues such as cavity length, cavity volume, facet reflectivity, spontaneous emission factor, mode wavelength, intraband relaxation time, linewidth enhancement factor, and laser structure are also discussed. It is shown that increasing the injection current causes the lasing mode to jump to longer wavelengths. Furthermore, increasing the spontaneous emission factor reduces the dynamic range of laser operation without mode-hopping, and vice versa for short cavity. It has been also shown that the carrier density in the active region shifts to higher values (i.e., experiences a kink) at the onset of mode-hopping. Finally, the total modal gain (linear and nonlinear) competes as the injection current increases. >
Private crises/public reponses: A nascent model

Private crises, by their very nature, pressure individuals to manage the uncontrollable on their own. Public responses devolve from multiple layers of organizational responsibility and, often antithetical, values. Information engagements weave through and across the resultant unstructured relationships. Using a critical theory lens and an intimate partner violence context, this paper posits a situational model of the dynamics information engagements within private crises and public responses.
Monitoring wading bird exposure to agricultural chemicals using serum cholinesterase activity

Oganophosphorus (OP) and carbamate (CB) insecticidesare widely used and havea variety of lethal and sublethal effects on nontarget wildlife, primarily through cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition. To assess possible exposure to anti-ChE compounds in wading birds, we monitored breeding colonies in northeast U.S. estuaries (Boston Harbor, MA; New York Harbor, NY; Nantucket Sound, MA; Delaware Bay, DE; and Rehoboth Bay, DE) from 1991 to 1996. We documented serum ChE activities in black-crowned night-heron (Nycticorax nyticorax), cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis), snowy egret (Egretta thula), little blue heron (E. caerulea), and glossy ibis (Plegadis falcinellus), and we investigated factors known to affect ChE, including age, nutritional and immune status, location of the colony (estuary), and exposure to ChE-inhibiting compounds. Exposure to anti-ChE compounds in all species was supported by at least one of the following: positive pyridine-2-aldoxime methochloride (2-PAM; OP) and/or spontaneous (CB) ChE reactivations, negative or nonsignificant age correlations in most species, or regional land-use patterns. We observed negative or nonsignificant relationships between ChE and age in most species. Only glossy ibis showed the age-related patterns of ChE activity observed in other altricial species. Of the remaining potential explanatory factors, location (estuary) but not nutritional or immune status was the only one having a significant relationship with ChE activity (p < 0.024). Significant differences among colonies were consistent with surrounding land uses, specifically active agriculture. We conclude that extensive monitoring of serum ChE in wildlife can identify locations of exposure and provide reference data for wildlife pesticide-risk assessment.
An Institutional Approach to Interventional Strategies for Complete Vascular Occlusions

Complete vascular occlusions are rare but potentially lethal. Reports on transcatheter therapy are limited to solitary case reports. The study was conducted as a single-center retrospective chart review. Between January 2003 and December 2009, 26 patients underwent cardiac catheterizations for either a known complete thoracic vascular occlusion or for incidental complete vascular occlusion that was noted during cardiac catheterization. Procedural technique, risk factors, and outcomes are reviewed. Median age at the time of diagnosis was 13.3 years (range 2 months to 54 years). In 6 of 26 (23%) patients, the vascular occlusion was of acute onset. Ninety-two percent of patients had at least 1 known risk factor for vascular occlusion, whereas 54% of patients had ≥2 risk factors. Successful rehabilitation was achieved in 19 patients, with direct catheter and/or wire manipulation being used to cross the occluded vessel in 15 (75%) patients, radiofrequency (RF) perforation in 3 patients, and perforation with Brockenbrough needle in 1 patient. Subsequent techniques included AngioJet (n = 2), balloon angioplasty and/or stent implantation (n = 18), and adjuvant local administration of recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (n = 3). Reinterventions were required in 5 patients, and 8 patients died during the study period from causes unrelated to the catheterization procedure(s). Median follow-up of patients after successful recanalization was 12.6 months (range 1 day to 64 months), and the median duration of survival free from reintervention was 11.8 months (range 1 day to 64 months). In most patients, risk factors can be identified that are associated with the occurrence of a complete vascular occlusion. Different treatment strategies are used in patients having chronic compared with acute occlusions. Residual vascular lesions (hypoplasia or stenosis) are often associated with occurrence of reobstructions and should therefore be treated to prevent such an occurrence. Postprocedural anticoagulation is important in maintaining vascular patency.