cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Operating a UAV mesh & internet backhaul network using temporospatial SDN

In this paper we describe an application of Tem-porospatial Software Defined Networking (TS-SDN) to UAV networks. Airborne platforms (airplanes, balloons, airships) can be used to carry wireless communication nodes to provide direct-to-user as well as backhaul connections. Such networks also include ground nodes typically equipped with highly directional steerable transceivers. The physics of flight as well as state of the atmosphere lead to time-dynamic link metrics and availability. As nodes move around, the network topology and routing need to adjust to maintain connectivity. Further, mechanical aspects of the system, such as time required to mechanically steer antennas, makes the reactive repair approach more costly than in terrestrial applications. Instead, TS-SDN incorporates reasoning about physical evolution of the system to proactively adjust the network topology in anticipation of future changes. Using airborne networks under development at Google as an example, we discuss the benefits of the TS-SDN approach compared to reactive repair in terms of network availability. We also identify additional constraints one needs to account for when computing the network topology, such as noninterference with other stationary and moving sources. Existing SDN standards do not support scheduled updates necessary in a TS-SDN. We describe our extensions to control messages and software implementation used in field tests.
Multiple giant mid-thoracic esophageal diverticula in a teenager

Abstract Esophageal diverticula in the pediatric population are rare. The etiologies and presentations can vary widely which can make it difficult to diagnose without imaging or direct visualization. We are reporting a case of a 14-year-old male with history of asthma, anorexia, weight loss, and chest discomfort. CXR findings of mediastinal widening prompted a more extensive evaluation. He was found to have two esophageal diverticula, phlegmonous changes, and osteomyelitis of the T5 and T6 vertebra. He was initially treated with IV antibiotic therapy, bypassing the affected area with nasogastric enteric tube feedings, and a cervical thoracic orthosis brace for spine stability. He regained his lost weight and became asymptomatic, returning to a regular diet. The family has declined to pursue surgical intervention at present.
Switching-Converter Dynamic Analysis with Fast Analytical Techniques: Overview and Applications

If mesh-node analysis lends itself well to solving transfer functions of electrical circuits, obtaining a meaningful symbolic formula at once is often impossible and requires extra efforts to get it. Applying classical analysis techniques to obtain a so-called low-entropy expression-implying the factored form in which you distinguish gains, poles, and zeros-can often lead to algebraic paralysis, as R.D. Middlebrook commented in his foundational papers [1], [2]. This is where the fast analytic circuits techniques (FACTs) can help you build on what you learned during your years at university and extend the reach to drastically simplify analyses. By using FACTs, you not only gain in execution speed, but the final result appears in a wellordered polynomial form, often without the need of further factoring efforts [3], [4].
Is instrument-free molecular detection possible?

Molecular detection determines the presence and quantity of selected nucleic acids associated with pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites, as well as a host’s mutant alleles in clinica...
An investigation of high school social studies teachers' understandings of vocabulary teaching and learning

This qualitative study focused on high school social studies teachers' understandings of and perspectives about vocabulary acquisition and instruction. The research questions were the following: (1) What do high school social studies teachers understand about vocabulary instruction? and (2) How do high school social studies teachers support vocabulary learning? Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 25 high school social studies teachers. Findings indicate that external factors shaped instructional decision-making for teaching vocabulary, teachers' belief systems guided instructional choices, and the diverse needs of students called for differentiated instruction not only for English language learners but also for all students given the unique nature of the language of social studies.
The new exact solitary and multi-soliton solutions for the (2+1)-dimensional Zakharov–Kuznetsov equation

Abstract In this paper, by employing two different simplest equation methods, the (2 + 1)-dimensional Zakharov–Kuznetsov (ZK) equation derived for describing weakly nonlinear ion-acoustic waves in the plasma is investigated. With the aid of the Bernoulli equation and the coupled Burgers’ equations, the electric field potential of ZK equation are formally obtained, which are presented as the new solitary and multi-soliton solutions. Meanwhile, the electric field and magnetic field can be accordingly obtained. In addition, the significant features of the variable coefficient and parameter are discovered. The results show that the solitary and multi-soliton solutions are precisely obtained and the efficiency of the methods is demonstrated. These new exact solutions will extend previous results and help to explain the features of nonlinear ion-acoustic waves in the plasma.
Alison Cullingford. The Special Collections Handbook , Second Edition.

Alison Cullingford’s The Special Collections Handbook provides information specialists with a timely guide to managing the rapid and continuous changes buffeting today’s libraries, archives, and museums. First published in 2011 during the global recession, the book focuses on all aspects of special collections work. The work is informed by the ongoing political and economic uncertainties caused by budget cuts and austerity policies in the cultural heritage and education sectors. Since the book’s initial publication, information specialists have recognized the need to “tell their story” and demonstrate their value to parent organizations, donors, and community members. Advocacy and community engagement are now seen as being critical business functions. Indeed, Cullingford argues that librarians and archivists must adopt a new “mind-set” (along with skills and tools) if they are to be successful in the digital era. The revised and greatly expanded 2017 second edition of The Special Collections Handbook examines this new mentality and professional shift in priorities. According to the author, special collections specialists must embrace innovation, entrepreneurialism, and marketing to navigate the current turbulent information environment.
Perceived impacts of medical tourism development on community wellbeing

Abstract Community leaders and tourism authorities in Las Vegas have suggested the promotion and development of medical tourism to improve the economy and quality of life for residents. The present study uses social exchange theory with spillover theory as the conceptual framework to examine factors of economic performance of medical tourism, overall community satisfaction, health care satisfaction and attitudes toward medical tourism; these factors influence on residents' perceptions of medical tourism's impact on community wellbeing, which in turn affects willingness to pay higher taxes and support for medical tourism development. The findings revealed that the greater the economic performance of medical tourism, the more positive the impact of medical tourism to community wellbeing was perceived. Similarly, attitudes toward medical tourism and overall community satisfaction positively influenced the perceived impact of medical tourism on community wellbeing. Finally, community wellbeing positively influenced residents' willingness to pay higher taxes and support medical tourism development.
The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Trabecular Meshwork

Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between oxidant generation and antioxidant cellular defenses. Increasing evidence supports the concept that oxidative stress plays a significant role in the process of aging and many age-related pathologies. Although it has been hypothesized that oxidative stress may contribute to the pathogenesis of glaucoma, there is relatively little information about the extent of its effects in the physiology of the outflow pathway. This article summarizes the current evidence about the existence of oxidative stress in the trabecular meshwork and its potential role in the alterations of this tissue in aging and glaucoma.
LYMPHOCYTES AND IDIOTYPES WORKSHOP SUMMARY

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the different aspects of lymphocytes and idiotypes. Data showing the genetic control of idiotypic specificity of antibodies against synthetic and natural antigens, the presence of idiotypic determinants of receptors of alloreactive T cells, and the regulation of the immune response by anti-idiotypic antibodies is presented in the chapter. In an experiment described in the chapter, anti-idiotypic antibodies were obtained in guinea pigs immunized with C3H.W anti (T,G)-A-L. Cross-reactive and individual idiotypes of 104E, J-558 and UPC-102 α l-3 dextran myeloma protein were found on μ and γ anti-dextran antibodies produced in Balb/c and Ig lb to e strains. Autoanti-idiotypic antibodies rose in Balb/c mice against 104E idiotype, showing an increased graft resistance for 104E myeloma cells but not J-558 tumor cells. The data suggested that anti-idiotype antibodies might control the expression of both neoplastic and normal B cell clones.
Reduced heart rate variability and lower cerebral blood flow associated with poor cognition during recovery following concussion.

Abstract Although physiological deficits such as altered cerebral blood flow (CBF), and autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation have been reported following a concussion, the relationship between CBF and ANS with functional outcome post-injury remains unclear. Our present study was designed to examine heart-rate variability (HRV) using percentage of successive NN intervals (pNN50) and CBF on day-3 (T1), day-21 (T2), and day-90 (T3) following a concussion in collegiate athletes (N = 31) in comparison to non-injured controls (N = 31). Continuous RR-interval (3-lead electrocardiogram), middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAV; transcranial Doppler ultrasonography), mean arterial pressure (MAP; finger photoplethysmography) were obtained at rest. Cerebrovascular conductance index (CVCi) was estimated as a ratio of MCAV to MAP. Cognition was evaluated with standard assessment of concussion (SAC), and Trails A & B. Compared to the controls, lower HRV (43 ± 15 vs. 27 ± 20%; p
Heterotrimetallic Mixed‐Valent Molecular Precursors Containing Periodic Table Neighbors: Assignment of Metal Positions and Oxidation States

A known trinuclear structure was used to design the heterobimetallic mixed-valent, mixed-ligand molecule [CoII (hfac)3 -Na-CoIII (acac)3 ] (1). This was used as a template structure to develop heterotrimetallic molecules [CoII (hfac)3 -Na-FeIII (acac)3 ] (2) and [NiII (hfac)3 -Na-CoIII (acac)3 ] (3) via isovalent site-specific substitution at either of the cobalt positions. Diffraction methods, synchrotron resonant diffraction, and multiple-wavelength anomalous diffraction were applied beyond simple structural investigation to provide an unambiguous assignment of the positions and oxidation states for the periodic table neighbors in the heterometallic assemblies. Molecules of 2 and 3 are true heterotrimetallic rather than a statistical mixture of two heterobimetallic counterparts. Trinuclear platform 1 exhibits flexibility in accommodating a variety of di- and trivalent metals, which can be further utilized in the design of molecular precursors for the NaMM'O4 functional oxide materials.
Read in or check out: A four-year analysis of circulation and in-house use of print books

Abstract As libraries offer more multi-dimensional study areas and online resources, it is important to understand how print books are being used. The reported decline in print book circulation has largely been based on books checked out of the library without recording in-house use (books used in the library but not checked out). Including in-house use gives a more accurate representation of book circulation, helping to demonstrate the value of the physical library and print collections, and informing collection development. To better understand how our print collections are being used, we analyze holdings, checkout data, and in-house use data by subject, as well as circulation in regard to patron group, library gate count and student enrollment. Our findings show declining use of all print collections with the steepest decline in reference books. The majority of books used in house were not checked out, affirming the need to include in-house use data to provide an accurate picture of print book use and inform collection development. We use our findings to inform the redesign of our reference collection and suggest ways to integrate print and digital formats and promote the value of books and reading.
Public Theology: Characteristics from the Multireligious Neighborhood

Given the multireligious neighborhood as its context, Lucinda Allen Mosher argues that Christian public theology is characteristically multidisciplinary, incarnational, cognizant of other faiths an...
Microbiota Accelerates Age-Related CpG Island Methylation in Colonic Mucosa

Abstract DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark that is altered in cancer and aging tissues. The effects of extrinsic factors on DNA methylation remain incompletely understood. Microbial dysbiosis is a hallmark of colorectal cancer, and infections have been linked to aberrant DNA methylation in cancers of the GI tract. To determine the microbiota’s impact on DNA methylation, we studied the methylomes of colorectal mucosa in germ-free (no microbiota) and specific-pathogen-free (controlled microbiota) mice, as well as in Il-10 KO mice (Il10−/−) which are prone to inflammation and tumorigenesis in the presence of microbiota. The presence of microbiota was associated with changes in 5% of the methylome and Il10−/− mice showed alterations in 4.1% of the methylome. These changes were slightly more often hypo than hypermethylation and affected preferentially CpG sites located in gene bodies and intergenic regions. Mice with both Il-10 KO and microbiota showed much more pronounced alterations, affecting 18% of the methylome. When looking specifically at CpG island methylation alterations, a hallmark of aging and cancer, 0.4% were changed by the microbiota, 0.4% were changed by Il10−/−, while 4% were changed by both simultaneously. These effects are comparable to what is typically seen when comparing colon cancer to normal. We next compared these methylation changes to those seen in aging, and after exposure to the colon carcinogen Azoxymethane (AOM). Aging was associated with alterations in 18% of the methylome, and aging changes were accelerated in the Il10−/− /SPF mice. By contrast, AOM induced profound hypomethylation that was distinct from the effects of aging or of the microbiota. CpG sites modified by the microbiota were over-represented among DNA methylation changes in colorectal cancer. Thus, the microbiota affects the DNA methylome of colorectal mucosa in patterns reminiscent of what is observed in aging and in colorectal cancer.
Probing hybrid stars with gravitational waves via interfacial modes

One of the uncertainties in nuclear physics is whether a phase transition between hadronic matter to quark matter exists in supranuclear equations of state. Such a feature can be probed via gravitational-wave signals from binary neutron star inspirals that contain information of the induced tides. The dynamical part of the tides is caused by the resonance of pulsation modes of stars, which causes a shift in the gravitational-wave phase. In this paper, we investigate the dynamical tides of the interfacial mode ($i$-mode) of spherical degree $l=2$, a nonradial mode caused by an interface associated with a quark-hadron phase transition inside a hybrid star. In particular, we focus on hybrid stars with a crystalline quark matter core and a fluid hadronic envelope. We employ a hybrid method which consists of a general relativistic calculation of the stellar structure, together with Newtonian formulations of tidal couplings and mode excitations. We find that the resonant frequency of such $i$-modes typically ranges from 300 Hz to 1500 Hz, and the frequency increases as the shear modulus of the quark core increases. We next estimate the detectability of such a mode with existing and future gravitational-wave events from the inspiral waveform with a Fisher analysis. We find that GW170817 and GW190425 have the potential to detect the $i$-mode if the quark-hadron phase transition occurs at a sufficiently low pressure and the shear modulus of the quark matter phase is large enough. We also find that the third-generation gravitational-wave detectors can further probe the $i$-mode with intermediate transition pressure. Finally, we check our hybrid method against a fully-Newtonian analysis and find that the two results can be off by a factor of a few. Thus, the results presented here should be valid as an order-of-magnitude estimate and provide a new, interesting direction for probing the existence of quark core inside a neutron star using the $i$-mode. A full general relativistic formalism, however, needs to be pursued for further analysis.
Knuckles that buckle: compliant underactuated limbs with joint hysteresis enable minimalist terrestrial robots

Underactuated designs of robot limbs can enable these systems to passively adapt their joint configuration in response to external forces. Passive adaptation and reconfiguration can be extremely beneficial in situations where manipulation or locomotion with complex substrates is required. A common design for underactuated systems often involves a single tendon that actuates multiple rotational joints, each with a torsional elastic spring resisting bending. However, a challenge of using those joints for legged locomotion is that limbs typically need to follow a cyclical trajectory so that feet can alternately be engaged in stance and swing phases. Such trajectories present challenges for linearly elastic underactuated limbs. In this paper, we present a new method of underactuated limb design which incorporates hysteretic joints that change their torque response during loading and unloading. A double-jointed underactuated limb with both linear and hysteretic joints can thus be tuned to create a variety of looped trajectories. We fabricate these joints inside a flexible legged robot using a modified laminate based 3D printing method, and the result shows that with passive compliance and a mechanically determined joint sequence, a 2-legged minimalist robot can successfully walk through a confined channel over uneven substrates.
New mouse models for high resolution and live imaging of planar cell polarity proteins in vivo.

The collective polarization of cellular structures and behaviors across a tissue plane is a near universal feature of epithelia known as planar cell polarity (PCP). This property is controlled by the core PCP pathway, which is comprised of highly conserved membrane-associated protein complexes that localize asymmetrically at cell junctions. Here we introduce three new mouse models for investigating the localization and dynamics of transmembrane PCP proteins Celsr1, Fz6, and Vangl2. Using the skin epidermis as a model, we characterize and verify the expression, localization and function of endogenously-tagged Celsr1-3xGFP, Fz6-3xGFP and tdTomato-Vangl2 fusion proteins. Live imaging of Fz6-3xGFP in basal epidermal progenitors reveals that the polarity of the tissue is not fixed through time. Rather asymmetry dynamically shifts during cell rearrangements and divisions, while global, average polarity of the tissue is preserved. We show using super-resolution STED imaging that Fz6-3xGFP and tdTomato-Vangl2 can be resolved, enabling us to observe their complex localization along junctions. We further explore PCP fusion protein localization in the trachea and neural tube, and discover new patterns of PCP expression and localization throughout the mouse embryo.
Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Navigating Institutional Barriers as a Graduate Student with a Criminal Record:

Much of the research on college students with criminal records focuses on their undergraduate experiences in traditional higher education settings. In this study, attention is given to graduate stu...
Inhibitor of apoptosis protein hILP undergoes caspase-mediated cleavage during T lymphocyte apoptosis.

Several endogenous or viral inhibitors of apoptosis, including Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, FLIP, p35, and CrmA, have been shown to be cleaved by caspases during apoptosis. In this study, we demonstrate that the endogenous inhibitor of apoptosis, hILP/XIAP, is also cleaved in apoptotic T lymphocytes, generating at least one prominent fragment of 29 kDa. This p29 cleaved fragment was detected in Jurkat cells induced to apoptose by anti-Fas antibody, staurosporin, or VP-16. The cleavage of hILP appears to be caspase mediated because the production of the p29 protein was inhibited by the pan-caspase peptide inhibitor, Z-VAD.FMK. In Jurkat cells engineered to overexpress CrmA, cleavage of hILP in response to anti-Fas antibody or staurosporin was inhibited, whereas overexpression of Bcl-2 abrogated the cleavage in response to VP-16. Cleavage of hILP was also observed in cell-free reactions using in vitro translated hILP and recombinant caspase-3 or -7. Moreover, we found that the p29 hILP fragment retained the ability to bind caspase-3 and -7, as shown previously for full-length or BIR-2 hILP. The p29 cleavage product was also detected during T-cell receptor-mediated apoptosis in peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal donors. Furthermore, tumor-associated T lymphocytes purified from ascites of patients with ovarian cancer expressed fragmented hILP, which was not detected in control T cells purified from peripheral blood of normal donors. Our results suggest that the cleavage of hILP represents an important event in apoptosis of T lymphocytes in both normal and pathological in vivo settings.
The Natural Enemy Component in Natural Control and the Theory of Biological Control

The theory of natural control of animal abundance has had an extended and sometimes heated history. The role played by natural enemies has likewise been subject to debate. We hope here to cast light on both questions, and to place the action of enemies, both endemic and introduced ones, as discussed at length in other chapters of this book, in perspective relative to natural control as a general phenomenon. We first deal with the concept of natural control itself, with the classification of the components of the process, with the two principal theories or viewpoints, with the various expressions of the density-related mechanism, and lastly, with the role of natural enemies, (a) in the process of regulation, (b) in control as distinct from regulation, and (c) with the damping processes either inherent or extrinsic to enemy action but required as supplemental feature(s) in maintaining stability. The role of natural enemies is also discussed relative to recent challenges and indictments of the supposed theory and practices of biological control practitioners.
Practical bit loading for DMT

In a previous work by Campello (see International Symposium on Information Theory, p.193, p.12-16, 1998), necessary and sufficient conditions for a discrete bit assignment to be the solution to the discrete bit loading problems were derived. In the present work, we make use of these results to derive fast algorithms that can be efficiently implemented in practice.
Of Moral Right and Moral Righteousness

After a somewhat chaotic process of attempting to find an American analogue of the European construct of droit moral (“moral right”), Congress enacted the Visual Artists Rights Act, a sort of moral right “light” that itself engendered controversy. This article explores the attempt to fit the long-standing civil law construct, predicating on one set of cultural norms, into the American property-based copyright law.
Intervention with Communities

This chapter analyzes various models, conceptual frameworks, and theories of community intervention and explores their implications for contemporary social work practice. Beginning with the 19th century, it traces the history of community intervention in the United States by examining the impact of the political, social, intellectual, and cultural forces that have influenced it. It presents and critiques current evidence-based scholarship on community intervention around such issues as the role of groups and coalitions in community change; the identification and mobilization of community assets; the effects of social capital on community building; strategies to encourage and sustain civic participation; the effectiveness of new models of community development, planning, and social action; alternative forms of community leadership; and the impact of demographic differences on community intervention. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the future of community intervention in a rapidly changing political-economic and demographic environment. Keywords: community development; community planning; social action; empowerment; social capital
Diffused Solute-Solvent Interface with Poisson--Boltzmann Electrostatics: Free-Energy Variation and Sharp-Interface Limit

A phase-field free-energy functional for the solvation of charged molecules (e.g., proteins) in aqueous solvent (i.e., water or salted water) is constructed. The functional consists of the solute volumetric and solute-solvent interfacial energies, the solute-solvent van der Waals interaction energy, and the continuum electrostatic free energy described by the Poisson--Boltzmann theory. All these are expressed in terms of phase fields that, for low free-energy conformations, are close to one value in the solute phase and another in the solvent phase. A key property of the model is that the phase-field interpolation of dielectric coefficient has the vanishing derivative at both the solute and the solvent phases. The first variation of such an effective free-energy functional is derived. Matched asymptotic analysis is carried out for the resulting relaxation dynamics of the diffused solute-solvent interface. It is shown that the sharp-interface limit is exactly the variational implicit-solvent model that has...
Primary isolation of Mycoplasma organisms (PPLO) from mammalian sources.

Barber, T. L. (Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.) and J. Fabricant. Primary isolation of Mycoplasma organisms (PPLO) from mammalian sources. J. Bacteriol. 83: 1268–1273. 1962.— Mycoplasma (PPLO) were isolated from cattle, pigs, sheep, rats, and dogs. A total of 39 isolates was obtained from 307 samples from 166 animals. Of these, 24 isolates were from semen of bulls in an artificial breeding establishment; the other 15 were from various tissues of the animals mentioned. Variations of two basal media together with chicken embryos were used in primary isolation attempts. PPLO enrichment broth (Difco) was supplemented with either horse or swine serum. The broth was used as overlay with a horse blood agar slant. Viande foie (VF) medium was usually enriched with horse or swine serum and was used both with and without 1% yeast hydrolyzate. Chicken embryos (5 days old) were inoculated via the yolk sac. Of the 39 isolations made, 22 were obtained on a single variation of one basal medium or only after a passage through chicken embryos. The 22 were isolated as follows: 4 in modified PPLO enrichment broth; 13 in variations of VF medium; and 5 were found only after growth in chicken embryos. The other 17 isolates grew, on primary culture, in a combination of media. Only three of these grew in all media and in embryos. Eight grew in two variations of VF basal, two in both VF and PPLO enrichment broths, one in embryos and PPLO enrichment broth, and three in embryos, and VF basal medium. If either basal medium or chicken embryos had been omitted from the trial, many isolations would not have been made.
Bridged Ferrocenes: IV. The crystal and molecular structure of 1,1′,2,2′,3,3′,4,5,4′,5′-pentakis(trimethylene)ferrocene

The title compound (molecular formula C 25 H 30 Fe) forms prismatic crystals from hexane which belong to the monoclinic space group P 2 1 / n with lattice constants a 9.486(2), b 12.134(2), c 16.024(2)A, β 93.12(1)°, and Z = 4. The structure was solved by the heavy atom method and refined by full-matrix least squares against 3839 F 2 terms to yield R = 0.08 and R w = 0.12. The Fe to cyclopentadienyl ring-carbon distances range from 1.985(3) to 2.042(4)A. The two cyclopentadienyl rings are eclipsed, they are slightly non-planar, and the angle between their least-squares planes is 12.5°.
(Pea)nuts and bolts of visual narrative: structure and meaning in sequential image comprehension

Just as syntax differentiates coherent sentences from scrambled word strings, the comprehension of sequential images must also use a cognitive system to distinguish coherent narrative sequences from random strings of images. We conducted experiments analogous to two classic studies of language processing to examine the contributions of narrative structure and semantic relatedness to processing sequential images. We compared four types of comic strips: (1) Normal sequences with both structure and meaning, (2) Semantic Only sequences (in which the panels were related to a common semantic theme, but had no narrative structure), (3) Structural Only sequences (narrative structure but no semantic relatedness), and (4) Scrambled sequences of randomly-ordered panels. In Experiment 1, participants monitored for target panels in sequences presented panel-by-panel. Reaction times were slowest to panels in Scrambled sequences, intermediate in both Structural Only and Semantic Only sequences, and fastest in Normal sequences. This suggests that both semantic relatedness and narrative structure offer advantages to processing. Experiment 2 measured ERPs to all panels across the whole sequence. The N300/N400 was largest to panels in both the Scrambled and Structural Only sequences, intermediate in Semantic Only sequences and smallest in the Normal sequences. This implies that a combination of narrative structure and semantic relatedness can facilitate semantic processing of upcoming panels (as reflected by the N300/N400). Also, panels in the Scrambled sequences evoked a larger left-lateralized anterior negativity than panels in the Structural Only sequences. This localized effect was distinct from the N300/N400, and appeared despite the fact that these two sequence types were matched on local semantic relatedness between individual panels. These findings suggest that sequential image comprehension uses a narrative structure that may be independent of semantic relatedness. Altogether, we argue that the comprehension of visual narrative is guided by an interaction between structure and meaning.
Understanding consumer perceived value of casual sportswear: An empirical study

Abstract Value creation is the key for business to achieve a long-term success. Using a consumer perceived value (CPV) model consisting of four constructs— price value, quality value, social value, and emotional value , this study empirically assessed the CPV of casual sportswear in the U.S. market. Based on the primary data gathered by a nationwide survey, through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the model was proven valid and the four constructs accounted for the most variance of CPV. Compared to social and emotional values, price showed the most influential impact on the overall CPV, while quality was also perceived as very important.
Soybean and linseed oil-based composites reinforced with wood flour and wood fibers

Composites consisting of a conjugated linseed or soybean oil-based thermoset reinforced with wood flour and wood fibers have been prepared by free radical polymerization. The thermoset resin consists of a copolymer of conjugated linseed oil (CLO) or conjugated soybean oil (CSO), n-butyl methacrylate (BMA), divinylbenzene (DVB), and maleic anhydride (MA). The composites were cured at 180°C and 600 psi and postcured for 2 h at 200°C under atmospheric pressure. The effect of varying filler load, time of cure, filler particle size, origin of the fillers, and resin composition has been assessed by means of tensile tests, DMA, TGA, Soxhlet extraction followed by 1H-NMR spectroscopic analysis of the extracts, and DSC. The best processing conditions have been established for the pine wood flour composites. It has been observed that the addition of MA to the resin composition improves the filler-resin interaction. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Zinc biosensing with multiphoton excitation using carbonic anhydrase and improved fluorophores

Previously, we had shown that the zinc-dependent binding of certain fluorescent aryl sulfonamide inhibitors could be used with apocarbonic anhydrase II to transduce the level of free zinc as a change in the fluorescence of the inhibitor. While inhibitors such as dansylamide, ABD-M, and ABD-N made possible quantitation of free zinc in the picomolar range with high selectivity, they have only mod- est absorbance which limits their utility. We describe here the synthe- sis and properties of two new probes, Dapoxyl™ sulfonamide and BTCS, and their use in zinc biosensing. Dapoxyl sulfonamide exhibits a dramatic increase and blue shift in its emission upon binding to holocarbonic anhydrase II, as well as a 20-fold increase in lifetime: it is thus well suited for quantitating free Zn(II) down to picomolar ranges. The anisotropy of BTCS increases fivefold upon binding to the holoprotein, making this probe well suited for anisotropy-based deter- mination of zinc. BTCS and ABD-N are efficiently excited with two photon excitation using 1.5 ps pulses from a titanium sapphire laser, and exhibit the increased zinc-dependent anisotropy response antici- pated on the basis of photoselection. © 2000 Society of Photo-Optical Instru- mentation Engineers. (S1083-3668(00)00201-X)
Expression of the mannose receptor CD206 in HIV and SIV encephalitis: a phenotypic switch of brain perivascular macrophages with virus infection.

We examined the expression of the mannose receptor CD206 by perivascular macrophages (PVM) in normal human and monkey brains and in brains of HIV-infected humans and of monkeys infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Depletion of brain PVM in SIV-infected monkeys by intrathecal injection of liposome-encapsulated bisphosphonates eliminated CD206-expressing cells in the brain, confirming their perivascular location and phagocytic capacity. In vivo labeling with bromodeoxyuridine in normal uninfected and SIV-infected macaques in combination with CD206 immunostaining revealed a CD206+-to-CD206– shift within pre-existing PVM during SIV brain infection and neuroinflammation. These findings identify CD206 as a unique marker of human and macaque PVM, and underscore the utility of this marker in studying the origin, turnover and functions of these cells in AIDS.
A Semianalytical Solution of One‐Dimensional Advective‐Dispersive Solute Transport Under an Arbitrary Concentration Boundary Condition

By employing the principle of superposition, we offer a semianalytical solution for a one-dimensional advective-dispersive solute transport equation under an arbitrary concentration boundary condition. The technique is applicable to many other existing analytical solutions of solute transport problems.
The Rapan Theory of Conception

People in Rapa, French Polynesia, attempt to limit their families by abstaining from intercourse during the time they think the woman is most likely to conceive. They have little success with this method of contraception, largely because they believe conception occurs during the three or four days immediately following menstruation. This placement of the fertile period is based on a theory of reproduction quite different from that currently prevailing in the West. The Rapan theory is explained, and other societies holding similar ideas concerning the fertile period are indicated.
Variability-aware memory management for nanoscale computing

As the semiconductor industry continues to push the limits of sub-micron technology, the ITRS expects hardware (e.g., die-to-die, wafer-to-wafer, and chip-to-chip) variations to continue increasing over the next few decades. As a result, it is imperative for designers to build variation-aware software stacks that may adapt and opportunistically exploit said variations to increase system performance/responsiveness as well as minimize power consumption. The memory subsystem is one of the largest components in today's computing system, a main contributor to the overall power consumption of the system, and therefore one of the most vulnerable components to the effects of variations (e.g., power). This paper discusses the concept of variability-aware memory management for nanoscale computing systems. We show how to opportunistically exploit the hardware variations in on-chip and off-chip memory at the system level through the deployment of variation-aware software stacks.
Monte Carlo simulations of the four-dimensional XY spin glass at low temperatures

We report on the results for simulations of the four-dimensional $\mathrm{XY}$ spin glass using the parallel tempering Monte Carlo method at low temperatures for moderate sizes. Our results are qualitatively consistent with earlier work on the three-dimensional gauge glass as well as three- and four-dimensional Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass. An extrapolation of our results would indicate that large-scale excitations cost only a finite amount of energy in the thermodynamic limit. The surface of these excitations may be fractal, although we cannot rule out a scenario compatible with replica symmetry breaking in which the surface of low-energy large-scale excitations is space filling.
Age at First Drink Relates to Behavioral Measures of Impulsivity: The Immediate and Delayed Memory Tasks

: Background: This study examined the relationship between laboratory-measured impulsivity and age at first drink. Methods: Using a laboratory behavioral measure of impulsivity [Immediate (IMT) and Delayed Memory Tasks (DMT)], we compared two groups of women differing in their self-reported age at first drink (early-onset drinking, age <18 years, n= 40; late-onset drinking, age ≥21 years, n= 23). It was expected that those who first consumed alcohol before the legal drinking age (i.e., early onset) would perform in a more impulsive manner on the laboratory behavioral measure than the late-onset drinkers. Results: The main finding was that the early-onset group (IMT: mean, 28.7%; DMT: mean, 30.4%) had increased commission error rates compared with the late-onset group (IMT: mean, 21.2%; DMT: mean, 15.5%) during both the IMT [ANOVA:F (1,61) = 4.30; p= 0.042; f= 0.27] and DMT [F (1,61) = 10.76; p= 0.002; f= 0.42]. Age at first drink was significantly correlated with DMT commission errors (r=−0.23; p= 0.037), although this was only at the trend level for IMT commission errors (r=−0.20; p= 0.062); these correlations are likely to be underestimates because of range restriction of the age variable. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that differences in impulsive behavioral responding are distinguishable even between groups of alcohol drinkers who are not experiencing clinically significant problems with alcohol.
Endovascular Treatment of Shunt-Induced Carotid Pseudoaneurysm: Less Invasive but Still a Big Risk

Objective: Carotid artery pseudoaneurysm (PSA) is a challenging complication of carotid endarterectomy (CEA). We present a case and literature review of post-CEA PSAs successfully treated percutaneously with a covered stent. Methods: A 57-year-old woman underwent a CEA of the left internal carotid artery using patch closure and selective shunting using a Pruitt-Inahara shunt. She was found to have a 3-cm incidental carotid artery PSA 3 months later distal to the endarterectomized portion of the artery, the injury likely resulting from the clamp or the balloon portion of the shunt. A percutaneous 5-mm 25-mm Viabhan (Gore, Flagstaff, Ariz) covered stent was deployed to successfully exclude the PSA. The patient suffered no complications. Follow-up duplex imaging at 3 and 6 months and at 1 year confirmed PSA sealing and patency of the internal carotid artery. Results: A PubMed search of the topic found 15 patients (Table) with post-CEA PSA treated with a covered stent. The results revealed the procedure is technically feasible with acceptable patency rates, the longest being 9 years. The procedure, however, caries a significant rate of periprocedural complications: one (7%) bleeding complication, four strokes (26%) and two deaths (13%). Conclusions: Endovascular repair of carotid PSA with a covered stent can be successfully performed; however, high complication rates should be considered before undertaking the procedure. Review of literature on results of endovascular treatment of postoperative carotid artery pseudoaneurysm using covered stents
Does the Scope of Practice for Surgery Define the Once and Future Leadership of Medicine

WRITING FOR the 75th anniversary of one of the premier surgical journals in the world is surely an intimidating assignment, but a most suitable subject is the reemergence of the scope of practice as an issue for all surgeons, especially general surgeons, in this era of expanding technology and lurching health system reform. In fact, the scope of practice of surgery has changed enormously during the life of the Archives of Surgery . Surgery has spun off a variety of subspecialties, most of which it can be proud of, and has experienced a remarkable and profound series of technological achievements. Virtually none of the specialties of surgery that are now so well recognized and entrenched existed when theArchiveswas founded. On balance, most of these specialties have progressed to the point where they have a reasonably sound basis, both through the science of surgical inquiry and through the honest practice
A robust and low power dual data rate (DDR) flip-flop using c-elements

To maintain the performance of digital systems, while reducing the energy consumption, implementation of dual edge flip flops has recently become the focus of many researchers. This paper presents a new robust and low power dual edge flip-flop using c-elements. Unlike the existing dual data rate (DDR) flip flops [1–4], the proposed circuit uses the direct clock pulses to latch the data, without a need for additional pulse generator circuitry for the clock signal, which lowers the clock dynamic power consumption by factor of 2x. Moreover, because of its simplicity with very low transistor count, it provides a more robust solution for DDR flip-flops. In comparison with ep-DSFF (explicit-pulsed static hybrid flop) [1] at 45nm CMOS process, the proposed DDR-FF consumes 32% less power, with 12% less C2Q delay. The power-delay product of the proposed DDR-FF is 41% better than its counterpart, ep-DSFF. The proposed DDR-FF uses only 24 transistors and can easily be implemented into the cell libraries for high performance and low power ASIC design flow.
Verbal Terrain in the Novels of Margaret Atwood

(1980). Verbal Terrain in the Novels of Margaret Atwood. Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction: Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 85-93.
Superconductivity in zirconium-rhodium alloys

Metallographic studies and transition temperature measurements were made with isothermally annealed and water-quenched zirconium-rhodium alloys. The results clarify both the solid-state phase relations at the Zr-rich end of the Zr-Rh alloy system and the influence upon the superconducting transition temperature of structure and composition.
Physiological Concentrations of Growth Hormone Exert Insulin-Like and Insulin Antagonistic Effects on Both Hepatic and Extrahepatic Tissues in Man

To determine whether increments in circulating GH concentrations within the physiological range would exert insulin-like as well as insulin-antagonistic actions in man and, if so, whether both actions would occur in hepatic and extrahepatic tissues, normal volunteers (n = 6) were infused with human GH (hGH; 100 ng/kg . min) for 6 h along with somatostatin (100 micrograms/h) to suppress insulin, glucagon, and hGH secretion and also with sufficient insulin (100 microU/kg . min) to maintain a constant plasma insulin level. During the final 2 h, glucose (2 mg/kg . min) was infused. In control studies, saline was infused instead of hGH. Infusion of hGH increased plasma hGH to 35 ng/ml. Plasma glucose decreased to 60 +/- 2 mg/dl compared to 67 +/- 1 mg/dl observed in control studies (P less than 0.05); this greater hypoglycemia was due to both greater suppression of hepatic glucose production (P less than 0.05) and greater augmentation of glucose clearance (P less than 0.05). These insulin-like effects of hGH were no longer evident after 2 h. Subsequently, when glucose was infused, plasma glucose increased to 133 +/- 4 mg/dl compared to the 104 +/- 6 mg/dl observed in control studies (P less than 0.01). This greater hyperglycemia was due to both impaired suppression of hepatic glucose production (P less than 0.001) and decreased glucose clearance (P less than 0.01). These results indicate that physiological increments in plasma hGH cause both insulin-like and insulin-antagonistic effects in man and that these actions occur in hepatic as well as extrahepatic tissues. The insulin-like actions of hGH are transient.
Primary and secondary safety endpoints from IMPACT II

Glycoprotein (GP) IIb-IIIa receptor inhibitors have recently emerged as potentially valuable new agents for the prevention of the acute ischemic complications of coronary angioplasty. The potent antiplatelet activity of these agents may not only reduce the rate of ischemic events but also increase bleeding risk. A rapidly reversible peptide inhibitor of the GP IIb-IIIa receptor, eptifibatide (INTEGRILIN), has been recently evaluated in the pivotal Integrilin to Minimize Platelet Aggregation and Coronary Thrombosis (IMPACT II) phase III trial, which demonstrated a favorable adverse effects profile for this agent. Patients undergoing elective, urgent, or emergency percutaneous coronary intervention who were treated with eptifibatide were not at increased risk for major hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia, or the need for transfusions of red blood cells or platelets, compared with a placebo-treated group. The incidence of minor bleeding events in patients treated with eptifibatide was slightly increased. Additionally, administration of eptifibatide did not lead to the development of anti-eptifibatide antibodies. The lack of increased risk of major bleeding and other adverse effects, combined with encouraging efficacy results, indicates that treatment with eptifibatide may safely provide clinical benefit to all patients scheduled to undergo coronary angioplasty.
Detailed kinetic modeling of 1,3‐butadiene oxidation at high temperatures

The high-temperature kinetics of 1,3-butadiene oxidation was examined with detailed kinetic modeling. To facilitate model validation, flow reactor experiments were carried out for 1,3-butadiene pyrolysis and oxidation over the temperature range 1035–1185 K and at atmospheric pressure, extending similar experiments found in the literature to a wider range of equivalence ratio and temperature. The kinetic model was compiled on the basis of an extensive review of literature data and thermochemical considerations. The model was critically validated against a range of experimental data. It is shown that the kinetic model compiled in this study is capable of closely predicting a wide range of high-temperature oxidation and combustion responses. Based on this model, three separate pathways were identified for 1,3-butadiene oxidation, with the chemically activated reaction of H· and 1,3-butadiene to produce ethylene and the vinyl radical being the most important channel over all experimental conditions. The remaining uncertainty in the butadiene chemistry is also discussed. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 32: 589–614, 2000