cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Autoionization and the photoelectron spectra of oxygen

Abstract The photoelectron spectra of oxygen between 800 and 850 A have been recorded to probe the Rydberg series that converges to the a4Πu state of O2. These data were coupled with the theoretical work of Smith (see A. L. Smith, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 10 (1970) 1129) and demonstrate that the approach of Smith gives satisfactory calculated photoelectron peak intensities compared to the experimental ones in the presence of autoionization. Application of the calculated and experimental photoelectron spectra indicate that the v = 0 level of this Rydberg series should be 860.7 A instead of 853.2 A as previously assigned. At 736 A Smith's theory cannot be used to predict the correct peak intensities, because of an overlapping of autoionization levels at this energy.
6.3: Impact of CVD Film Deposition on Pitch Change

Thin films deposited on the substrate during deposition processes such as CVD create stress in the film and in the glass substrate. This film stress alters the size and shape of the substrate, causing a pitch change. Variation in the deposition process causes pitch variation. A method is presented to calculate the pitch change using the film stress and thickness parameter. Comments are made with regard to pitch variation on the substrate.
From Voyageurs to Bush Pilots Resonance and Resistance to the “Cowboy” Motif in Canada’s NorthWest Territories

From Britain’s establishment of the first Hudson’s Bay Company charter in 1670 that laid open the Canadian wilderness to the European fur trade, through the post–World War II (WWII) explosion of American hunting and fishing tourism that laid waste to Aboriginal lands, peoples, and habitats, Canada’s colonial history reveals its own “cowboy” mythos of frontiersmen–heroes and the practice of killing and selling animals for profit. This autoethnography explores themes of resonance and resistance to the American cowboy mythos through Canadian icons of entrepreneurial frontiersmenship and their dominion over indigenous life, both human and animal. By interlocking autobiographical, dramaturgical, and cultural/fokloric narratives, I weave a critical historiography of growing up in a small Ontario bush town where “cowboys and Indians” carried unique geopolitical implications.
The Beginnings of Modern Hebrew Literature: Perspectives On “Modernity”

The traditional opening statements in the debate concerning the beginnings of modern Hebrew literature usually assume the form of claims or accusations of paternity. Claims–if the child is legitimate; accusations–if it is not. I wish to avoid the paternity issue because, as I shall argue, it is essentially groundless and precludes consideration of other perspectives. My strategy shall therefore be an oblique attack from an unexpected quarter using traditional camouflage, I begin with a prooftext.
Biochemical characterization of the Caenorhabditis elegans FBF.CPB-1 translational regulation complex identifies conserved protein interaction hotspots.

Abstract Caenorhabditis elegans CPB-1 (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein homolog-1) and FBF (fem-3 mRNA binding factor) are evolutionary conserved regulators of mRNA translation that belong to the CPEB (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding) and PUF (Pumilio and FBF) protein families, respectively. In hermaphrodite worms, CPB-1 and FBF control key steps during germline development, including stem cell maintenance and sex determination. While CPB-1 and FBF are known to interact, the molecular basis and function of the CPB-1 ⋅ FBF complex are not known. The surface of CPB-1 that interacts with FBF was localized using in vivo and in vitro methods to a 10-residue region at the N-terminus of the protein and these residues are present in the FBF-binding protein GLD-3 (germline development defective-3). PUF proteins are characterized by the presence of eight α-helical repeats (PUF repeats) arranged side by side in an elongated structure. Critical residues for CPB-1 binding are found in the extended loop that connects PUF repeats 7 and 8. The same FBF residues also mediate binding to GLD-3, indicating a conserved binding mode between different protein partners. CPB-1 binding was competitive with GLD-3, suggestive of mutual exclusivity in vivo. RNA binding measurements demonstrated that CPB-1 alters the affinity of FBF for specific RNA sequences, implying a functional model where the coregulatory protein CPB-1 modulates FBF target selection.
Raman Spectra of Molybednum Phosphate Glasses and Some Crystalline Analogues

The Raman spectra of a series of glasses in the system MoO3-P2O5 and the polyerystalline compounds molybdenum metaphosphate (MoO2(P03)2) and molybdenum pyrophosphate ((MoO2)2P2O2) are reported. The spectra indicate that traces of P=O and phosphate chains are present only in glasses having less than 50 mol% MoO3. Comparison of the glass spectra with spectra of crystalline molybdenum phosphates indicates the presence of metaphosphate and orthophosphate structural groups of MoO3 concentrations of about 50 mol% or less. As the MoO3 concentration is increased, the bands characteristic of pyrophosphate groups appear in the spectra and become the dominant feature at 76 mol% MoO3 concentration. Metaphosphate groups are present in the glass even at the highest MoO3 concentrations measured.
What Do We Know About Taper Corrosion in Total Hip Arthroplasty

Mechanically assisted crevice corrosion (MACC) at metal/metal modular junctions in which at least one of the components is fabricated from cobalt-chromium alloy, has reemerged as a potential clinically significant complication in total hip arthroplasty. The clinical manifestation of MACC may include the development of an adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR), similar to what has been described in association with metal-on-metal bearing total hip and resurfacing arthroplasty. The clinical presentation of MACC-associated ALTRs may include pain and possibly late recurrent dislocations. Abnormal metal artifact reduction sequence magnetic resonance images and elevated serum metal levels (cobalt elevations out of proportion to chromium elevations) can be helpful in the diagnosis of these MACC-associated ALTRs.
Episodic memory for musical prosody.

Abstract Prosodic cues are often informative in speech perception; similar acoustic features distinguish music performances. Three experiments addressed the role of prosodic cues in memory for music. In Experiment 1, musically trained and untrained listeners were familiarized with performances of short musical excerpts and later heard the familiarized performances as well as novel performances of the same music. All listeners identified correctly the familiarized performances. In Experiment 2, 10-month-old infants were familiarized with the same performances. In a head-turn preference procedure, infants oriented longer to the familiarized performances than to the novel performances. In Experiment 3, musically experienced listeners identified familiarized excerpts placed in different melodic contexts; identification was more accurate for excerpts whose prosodic cues (intensity and articulation) conflicted with the structure of the melodic context. These findings support episodic memory for music that incorporates stimulus-specific acoustic features as well as abstract structural features.
Elder Abuse and Neglect: A Relationship to Health Characteristics

Elder abuse is a complex problem that has received increasing attention in the social science literature and the media during the past 10 years. This descriptive study addresses the relationship between the type of abuse experienced and the demographic and health characteristics of elderly, abused individuals living in the community. Demographic data from this retrospective case review identify the most common victim of abuse as an elderly, widowed woman with some degree of chronic illness. The results also indicate that dependency needs of the individuals, including such health problems as mental confusion, immobility, and need for assistance with hygiene, are most often associated with neglect, a common form of maltreatment of the elderly. The recognition of risk factors for elder abuse or neglect can assist nurse practitioners in developing appropriate interventions for this serious health problem.
Empathic Design for Early-Stage Problem Identification

This paper promotes a user-centered design approach known as empathic design in which special emphasis is placed on observation of the affective nature of user-product relationships. Through empathic observation in real-world contexts, designers can come to understand end users’ emotional reactions to a product on multiple cognitive levels, including the customer’s true latent goals and desires. From these observations, there is an opportunity to better interpret how the design problem arises from actual user experiences. In this paper, we begin construction of a systematic framework for empathic design, and propose the development of a methodological toolbox for use within the scope of traditional design processes. Problem identification is reframed to aid in identification of hidden and latent customer needs through awareness of distinct levels of implicit and explicit cognitive processing and evaluation. This approach is meant to help designers better understand the root cause of user behavior and affective response to a product. Additionally, a number of types of supporting design tools are identified, and promising areas of future development are discussed.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
Neuronal chromatin dynamics of imprinting in development and disease

Epigenetic mechanisms play essential roles in mammalian neurodevelopment and genetic mutations or chromosomal deletions or duplications of epigenetically regulated loci or pathways result in several important human neurodevelopmental disorders. Postnatal mammalian neurons have among the most structured and dynamic nuclear organization of any cell type. Human chromosome 15q11-13 is an imprinted locus required for normal neurodevelopment and is regulated by a plethora of epigenetic mechanisms in neurons, including multiple noncoding RNAs, parentally imprinted transcription and histone modifications, large-scale chromatin decondensation, and homologous pairing in mature neurons of the mammalian brain. Here, we describe the multiple epigenetic layers regulating 15q11-13 gene expression and chromatin dynamics in neurons and propose a model of how noncoding RNAs may influence the unusual neuronal chromatin structure and dynamics at this locus. We also discuss the need for improved neuronal cell culture systems that model human 15q11-13 and other neurodevelopmental disorders with epigenetic bases in order to test the mechanisms of chromatin dynamics and nuclear organization in neurons. Induced pluripotent stem cells and other stem cell technologies hold promise for improved understanding of and therapeutic interventions for multiple human neurodevelopmental disorders.
Losing a Grip on the Notion of β-Cell Specificity for Immune Responses in Type 1 Diabetes: Can We Handle the Truth?

You can’t handle the truth!— Jack Nicholson, A Few Good Men Research utilizing human pancreata to define a role for the immune response in the pathogenesis of what we now term type 1 diabetes (T1D) has come a long way since 1902 when Schmidt, a German pathologist, noted a small cellular peri-islet infiltrate upon microscopic evaluation of the pancreas obtained from a 10-year-old child with diabetes (1). Efforts by Shields Warren in the 1920s drew attention to the relationship between this infiltrate and the age of diabetes onset (2), while the term “insulitis” was not coined until 1940 by the famous liver pathologist Hanns von Meyenburg (3). Subsequent work led by Gepts (4), LeCompte (5), Foulis (6), and others in ensuing decades (7,8) taught us much regarding this inflammatory lesion. We gained insight into its relative infrequency in older individuals diagnosed with the disease, the association with reduction in β-cell mass, identification of “pseudo-atrophic” islets (i.e., islets devoid of insulin-containing cells), the preferential targeting of insulitis for β-cells containing insulin, upregulation of class I MHC, and many other seminal findings. Taken collectively, these efforts not only formed an “intellectual cornerstone” upon which much of the research enterprise in T1D over the last 40 years has been built but also led to the oft-cited notion that T1D results from an autoimmune destruction of the insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells. As a community of researchers, we built our models regarding the natural history of T1D around this …
Handling the problems and opportunities posed by multiple on-chip memory controllers

Modern processors such as Tilera's Tile64, Intel's Nehalem, and AMD's Opteron are migrating memory controllers (MCs) on-chip, while maintaining a large, flat memory address space. This trend to utilize multiple MC's will likely continue and a core or socket will consequently need to route memory requests to the appropriate MC via an inter- or intra-socket interconnect fabric similar to AMD's HyperTransport(TM), or Intel's Quick-Path Interconnect(TM). Such systems are therefore subject to non-uniform memory access (NUMA) latencies because of the time spent traveling to remote MCs. Each MC will act as the gateway to a particular piece of the physical memory. Data placement will therefore become increasingly critical in minimizing memory access latencies.To date, no prior work has examined the effects of data placement among multiple MCs in such systems. Future chip-multiprocessors are likely to comprise multiple MCs and an even larger number of cores. This trend will increase the memory access latency variation in these systems. Proper allocation of workload data to the appropriate MC will be important in reducing the latency of memory service requests. The allocation strategy will need to be aware of queuing delays, on-chip latencies, and row-buffer hit-rates for each MC. In this paper, we propose dynamic mechanisms that take these factors into account when placing data in appropriate slices of the physical memory. We introduce adaptive first-touch page-placement, and dynamic page-migration mechanisms to reduce DRAM access delays for multi-MC systems. These policies yield average performance improvements of 17% for adaptive first-touch page-placement, and 35% for a dynamic page-migration policy.
Studies on Sciatic Stimulated Rat Brain Sulfhydryl Levels

Rat brain nonprotein sulfhydryl levels were increased by electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve. Pretreatment with morphine sulfate, meperidine hydrochloride, chlorpromazine hydrochloride, or meprobamate blocked the rise in cerebral levels of nonprotein sulfhydryl. The compounds had no effect on nonstimulated cerebral nonprotein sulfhydryl.
An Analysis of Efficient Multi-Core Global Power Management Policies: Maximizing Performance for a Given Power Budget

Chip-level power and thermal implications will continue to rule as one of the primary design constraints and performance limiters. The gap between average and peak power actually widens with increased levels of core integration. As such, if per-core control of power levels (modes) is possible, a global power manager should be able to dynamically set the modes suitably. This would be done in tune with the workload characteristics, in order to always maintain a chip-level power that is below the specified budget. Furthermore, this should be possible without significant degradation of chip-level throughput performance. We analyze and validate this concept in detail in this paper. We assume a per-core DVFS (dynamic voltage and frequency scaling) knob to be available to such a conceptual global power manager. We evaluate several different policies for global multi-core power management. In this analysis, we consider various different objectives such as prioritization and optimized throughput. Overall, our results show that in the context of a workload comprised of SPEC benchmark threads, our best architected policies can come within 1% of the performance of an ideal oracle, while meeting a given chip-level power budget. Furthermore, we show that these global dynamic management policies perform significantly better than static management, even if static scheduling is given oracular knowledge.
DNA-binding specificity of rice mariner-like transposases and interactions with Stowaway MITEs

Mariner-like elements (MLEs) are DNA transposons found throughout the plant and animal kingdoms. A previous computational survey of the rice (Oryza sativa) genome sequence revealed 34 full length MLEs (Osmars) belonging to 25 distinct families. This survey, which also identified sequence similarities between the Osmar elements and the Stowaway superfamily of MITEs, led to the formulation of a hypothesis whereby Stowaways are mobilized by OSMAR transposases. Here we investigate the DNA-binding activities and specificities of two OSMAR transposases, OSMAR5 and OSMAR10. Like other mariner-like transposases, the OSMARs bind specifically to the terminal inverted repeat (TIR) sequences of their encoding transposons. OSMAR5 binds DNA through a bipartite N-terminal domain containing two functionally separable helix-turn-helix motifs, resembling the paired domain of Tc1-like transposases and PAX transcription factors in metazoans. Furthermore, binding of the OSMARs is not limited to their own TIRs; OSMAR5 transposase can also interact in vitro with TIRs from closely related Osmar elements and with consensus TIRs of several Stowaway families mined from the rice genome sequence. These results provide the first biochemical evidence for a functional relationship between Osmar elements and Stowaway MITEs and lead us to suggest that there is extensive cross-talk among related but distinct transposon families co-existing in a single eukaryote genome.
Gray Area Ethical Leadership in the NCAA: The Ethics of Doing the Wrong Things Right

The NCAA’s operating manuals provide member institutions with hundreds of pages of bylaws that outline how member institutions should operate their athletic programs. Interpretations of these rules can lead to sanctions for student-athletes, coaches, athletic administrators and institutions. Such rule-based systems can potentially lead to the belief that simply following the rules as written equates to right or ethical behavior. In this commentary, we used an ethical leadership framework primarily built on the leadership and management thoughts of Bennis and Nanus (1985) to propose the College Athletics Ethical Leadership Continuum which can be used to assess the behaviors, rules, and decisions made by NCAA membership. Fundamental principles of this conceptual model include holding the student-athlete as the primary stakeholder of college sports activities, and that a critical analysis of the present is necessary to provide leadership for the future. Based on a distinction between doing things right and d...
Fine-mapping of candidate region in Amish and Ashkenazi families confirms linkage of refractive error to a QTL on 1p34-p36

Departments of Ophthalmology and Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PAPurpose: A previous genome-wide study in Orthodox Ashkenazi Jewish pedigrees showed significant linkage of ocularrefraction to a Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) on 1p34-36.1. We carried out a fine-mapping study of this region inOrthodox Ashkenazi Jewish (ASHK) and Old Order Amish (OOA) families to confirm linkage and narrow the candidateregion.Methods: Families were recruited from ASHK and OOA American communities. The samples included: 402 individualsin 53 OOA families; and 596 members in 68 ASHK families. Families were ascertained to contain multiple myopicindividuals. Genotyping of 1,367 SNPs was carried out within a 35cM (~23.9 Mb) candidate QTL region on 1p34-36.Multipoint variance components (VC) and regression-based (REG) linkage analyses were carried out separately in OOAand ASHK groups, and in a combined analysis that included all families.Results: Evidence of linkage of refractive error was found in both OOA (VC LOD=3.45, REG LOD=3.38 at ~59 cM)and ASHK families (VC LOD=3.12, REG LOD=4.263 at ~66 cM). Combined analyses showed three highly significantlinkage peaks, separated by ~11cM (or 10 Mb), within the candidate region.Conclusion: In a fine-mapping linkage study of OOA and ASHK families, we have confirmed linkage of refractive errorto a QTL on 1p. The area of linkage has been narrowed down to a gene-rich region at 1p34.2-35.1 containing ~124 genes.
On Harnack’s Inequality for the Linearized Parabolic Monge-Ampère Equation

It is shown that the parabolic Harnack property stands as an intrinsic feature of the Monge-Ampere quasi-metric structure by proving Harnack’s inequality for non-negative solutions to the linearized parabolic Monge-Ampere equation under minimal geometric assumptions.
Nanostructure-based WO3 photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting

Nanostructured WO3 has been developed as a promising water-splitting material due to its ability of capturing parts of the visible light and high stability in aqueous solutions under acidic conditions. In this review, the fabrication, photocatalytic performance and operating principles of photoelectrochemical cells (PECs) for water splitting based on WO3 photoanodes, with an emphasis on the last decade, are discussed. The morphology, dimension, crystallinity, grain boundaries, defect and separation, transport of photogenerated charges will also be mentioned as the impact factors on photocatalytic performance.
Confronting Many-Many Problems: Attention and Agentive Control

I argue that when perception plays a guiding role in intentional bodily action, it is a necessary part of that action. The argument begins with a challenge that necessarily arises for embodied agents, what I call the Many-Many Problem. The Problem is named after its most common case where agents face too many perceptual inputs and too many possible behavioral outputs. Action requires a solution to the Many-Many Problem by selection of a specific linkage between input and output. In bodily action the agent perceptually selects, and in this way perceptually attends to, relevant information so as to guide the execution of specific movements. Since perceptual attention is a necessary part of solving the Many-Many Problem, it is a necessary part of bodily action. Indeed, the process of implementing a solution to the Many-Many Problem, as constrained by the agent's motivational state, just is the agent's performing an intentional bodily action in the relevant way.
The Human Genome Project: a player's perspective.

The Human Genome Project was a natural culmination of one of the great scientific triumphs of the 20th century—the elucidation of the means by which biological organisms store, replicate, and process information. Specifically, the discovery at mid-century that biological information is stored as a linear, digital code led directly to the concept of a genome sequence. Technical advances in DNA analysis during the second half of the 20th century made the determination of genome sequences a practical goal. The achievement of this goal, at the end of the century, occurred during an extraordinary confluence of rapid scientific progress, rampant technological optimism, and exuberant entrepreneurial capitalism. The resultant strains on basic scientific values are exemplified by the public‐ private competition that arose during the sequencing of the human genome. While this competition accelerated initial availability of the genome sequence, it did so at considerable cost to the health of the interface between science and society. Analysis of this episode may reveal important lessons since the human future will continue to be shaped by the same forces that were at play during the endgame of the Human Genome Project. There are two stories of the Human Genome Project. One describes a century of scientific progress that began with the rediscovery of Mendel’s laws in 1900 and ended in a frenzy of genome sequencing. The other is a story about contemporary societal values—particularly, those that framed the project’s endgame and continue to shape public perceptions toward this defining event of our time. Both stories deserve attention. The first will help counter the illusion that the Human Genome Project was a sudden inspiration of the 1990s, while the second offers a sobering look at the forces that shape the current interface between science and society. We should pay attention to the ethic of this frontier since—like that of the American West—its influence will linger long after the present exuberance has faded. I will start with the scientific story of the first triumphant century of genetics. In this narrative, the Human Genome Project will emerge as a natural step in the scientific quest to understand one of nature’s deepest mysteries: How can a fertilized egg cell, an object too small to see with the unaided eye, contain all the information required to guide
miR-23a, a Critical Regulator of “migR”ation and Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer

Jahid and colleagues have shown that miR-23a promotes the transition from indolent to invasive colorectal cancer through inhibition of the MTSS1 tumor suppressor. This study reveals a novel role of miR-23a in the acceleration of colorectal cancer progression.
Reexamination of the Effect of Mozart's Music on Spatial-Task Performance

Abstract The spatial reasoning of 22 college undergraduates who had listened to a presentation of Mozart's music was examined under carefully controlled experimental conditions. Each participant performed a pencil-and-paper maze task after a 10-min presentation of each of three listening conditions: a piano concerto by Mozart, repetitive relaxation music, and silence. Mazes varied in complexity of solution and size. Limited support for the previously obtained enhancing effect of listening to Mozart's music was revealed in measures of performance accuracy on this spatial task, whereas no effect was found for either the number of maze recursions or the overall quality of maze solutions. These findings are discussed in relation to the need for further replication of the effect before strong claims of generalizability may be made.
Island Biogeography of Populations: An Introduced Species Transforms Survival Patterns

Population phenomena, which provide much of the underlying basis for the theoretical structure of island biogeography, have received little direct study. We determined a key population trait-survival-in the Bahamian lizard Anolis sagrei on islands with an experimentally introduced predatory lizard and on neighboring unmanipulated islands. On unmanipulated islands, survival declined with several variables, most notably vegetation height: The island with the shortest vegetation had nearly the highest survival recorded for any lizard. On islands with the introduced predator, which forages mostly on the ground, A. sagrei shifted to taller vegetation; unlike on unmanipulated islands, its survival was very low on islands with the shortest vegetation but was higher on the others. Thus, species introduction radically changed a resident species' relation of survival to a key island-biogeographical variable.
Late survival in abdominal aortic aneurysm patients: the role of selective myocardial revascularization on the basis of clinical symptoms.

Abstract Coronary artery disease is recognized as the major cause of perioperative and late death after abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. Routine coronary angiography and prophylactic myocardial revascularization for all significant lesions, regardless of symptoms, have been recommended as a means of reducing this mortality risk. We have advocated a more selective approach in which coronary angiography and myocardial revascularization are performed on the basis of cardiac symptoms. Studies have shown that this selective approach is just as effective as the prophylactic approach in reducing perioperative deaths. To evaluate the effect on late survival of selective myocardial revascularization on the basis of symptoms, we reviewed the preoperative coronary status and course of 485 patients who successfully underwent AAA repair between 1980 and 1985. Late survival was evaluated by means of the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with life expectancy of an age- and sex-matched population. Late survival of the entire group of patients was no different from that of the matched population. Patients with no preoperative evidence of coronary artery disease did significantly better than expected (p = 0.05), whereas those patients with uncorrected or previously bypassed coronary disease had survival no different from that expected. When age was considered as a variable, patients in their 50s and 60s had survival significantly worse than the matched population (p
Effects of Chemical Kinetics and Heat Loss on Near-LBO Combustion Dynamics - Stability Analysis

*† Both the linearized and the nonlinear WSR (well-stirred-reactor) models are employed to examine the effects of chemical kinetics and heat loss on near-LBO (lean blowout) combustion dynamics. Please note that, in the present paper, the combustion dynamics simply refers to the temporal evolution of pressure or the heat release rate (quantified by OH* chemiluminescence), instead of the combustion instability. This study is mainly motivated by LBO prediction and control in DLE combustion systems. Eigenvalues analysis of the linearized third-order WSR models shows that, with decreasing equivalence ratios, a complex conjugate pair of eigenvalues emerges from three negative real ones, moves left towards the right half phase plane, and finally crosses the imaginary axis. A pair of complex eigenvalues corresponds to an oscillating mode, whose damping ratio consistently decreases at the approach of LBO. A lower preheat temperature, a higher percentage of incomplete combustion, and more heat loss exacerbate near-LBO combustion stability. The predicted near-LBO oscillating frequency is typically below 25 Hz, and decreases with incomplete combustion and increases with heat loss. Model predictions qualitatively and even quantitatively agree with the experiments. Numerical simulation of the normalized, nonlinear, unsteady WSR models is performed to examine the combustor’s responses to large external disturbances. “Triggered instability” is observed, i.e. the combustor may remain stable in the presence of small external disturbances, but may undergo subcritical bifurcations to flame quenching when the external disturbances exceed certain thresholds. A higher equivalence ratio, a higher preheat temperature, less heat loss, and a smaller percentage of incomplete combustion are very effective in strengthening the flame’s robustness to external disturbances. It is numerically demonstrated that that zero-mean small-amplitude fuel modulations, based on the modern feedback control principles, can be very useful in enhancing the lean combustion stability without exacerbating the overall emissions.
An examination of community practice social workers as social intrapreneurs or social entrepreneurs

Social entrepreneurs and social intrapreneurs are characterised as being socially innovative, proactive and willing to take calculated risks. Evidenced by their practices and behaviours, community practice social workers engage in social change in ways similar to those of social entrepreneurs and social intrapreneurs. This article describes the findings of an explorative study that used survey design methodology to understand the level of social entrepreneurship or social intrapreneurship behaviours of 27 communities practice social workers in a Midwestern state. These findings have implications for training and educating community practice social workers as social entrepreneurs and social intrapreneurs, as they attempt to address complex and dynamic social problems in a global context.
The Path Forward

This is the final chapter of DevOps on the Microsoft stack. In this chapter you'll look back at what you've learned. The chapter also covers the order in which I normally try to introduce all the different components of DevOps to a company. This chapter will help you come up with a plan that fits your situation.
The Effect of Stress on the Microwave Dielectric Properties of Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 TiO 3 Thin Films

Single phase, (1 0 0) epitaxial Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (BST) films have been deposited onto (1 0 0) LaAlO3 and MgO substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The capacitance and dielectric losses of as-deposited and annealed films have been measured from 1–20 GHz as a function of electric field (0–80 kV/cm) at room temperature. The dielectric properties are strongly affected by the substrate type, post-deposition annealing time (≤6 h) and temperature (≤1200°C). For epitaxial BST films deposited onto MgO, it is observed that, after a post-deposition anneal the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss decreases. For epitaxial BST films deposited onto LAO, a post-deposition anneal (≤1000°C) results in an increase in the dielectric constant and an increase in the dielectric loss. The dc electric field induced change in the dielectric constant tends to increase with the dielectric constant and is largest for as-deposited films on MgO and post-deposited annealed films on LAO. In general, for epitaxial BST films, a large electric field effect is observed in films that have a large dielectric loss and a small electric field effect in films that have a low dielectric loss. High resolution X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that deposited film exhibit a significant tetragonal distortion which is strongly affected by a by a post deposition anneal. The observed differences in dielectric properties of the epitaxial BST films on MgO and LAO are attributed to the differences in film stress which arise as a consequence of the lattice mismatch between the film and the substrate and the differences in the thermal coefficient of expansion between the film and the substrate. A thin amorphous buffer layer of BST has been used to relieve stress induced by the lattice mismatch between the film and the substrate. Unlike epitaxial films, stress relieved films do not show an inverse relationship between dielectric tuning and Q (1/tanδ) and may be superior materials for tunable microwave devices.
Natural Pozzolan-based geopolymers for sustainable construction

The study presented herein evaluates effects of alkaline activator (sodium hydroxide) concentration, solution (sodium hydroxide solution)-to-binder ratio (S/B), and curing condition on properties of alkali-activated natural Pozzolan mortars (geopolymers). To this end, several mixtures were made having natural Pozzolan as their binder with different concentrations of alkaline activator solution including 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 12.5 molar (M) at various S/B of 0.50, 0.54, and 0.58. The produced mortars were cured at 80 °C under three different conditions of exposed (dry), sealed (wrapped), and moist until testing at ages of 1, 3, and 7 days. Multiple tests were conducted on the alkali-activated natural Pozzolan mortars including flow spread, compressive strength, flexural strength, PH measurement, absorption, and rapid chloride migration. Test results showed the sealed curing condition to be most conducive to strength gain, whereas the exposed curing condition caused dehydration and/or carbonation within the samples and the moist curing condition did not allow for full removal of excess water resulting in reduced bond formations. The moist oven-cured mortars produced higher strength than the exposed cured mortars when alkaline activator with lower molarities was used. The opposite trend was observed for the higher molarities mortars. The compressive and flexural strengths, absorption, and depth of penetrated chloride improved when NaOH concentration increased and S/B decreased.
Ratio of sickle-cell anemia hemoglobin to normal hemoglobin in sicklemics.

It has been observed that all of the erythrocytes of individuals with sickle-cell trait undergo sickling and that a greater reduction in partial pressure of oxygen is required to produce complete sickling in sickle-cell trait erythrocytes than in those of sickle-cell anemics (1). These observations indicate that each sicklemia erythrocyte contains both normal hemoglobin and sickle-cell anemia hemoglobin. In a pooled sample of blood from five sicklemic individuals the ratio of t,he abnormal to the normal hemoglobin was found to be 39:61 (7). In the light of this knowledge it was considered pertinent to ascertain the extent of the variation of the ratio of sickle-cell anemia hemoglobin (SCA hemoglobin) to normal hemoglobin in sicklemic individuals and the effect of various factors on this ratio. Such information not only would increase the knowledge of sickle-cell disease but also might shed some light on the general problem of the control of hemoglobin anabolism.
MOF-177/graphene composite as a selective sensor for nitro aromatic compounds

A zinc-based metal-organic framework, MOF-177, was synthesized on the surface of benzoic acid functionalized reduced graphene oxide (BFG). Large amount of BFG (30wt %) slightly improved the stability of the MOF on the graphene surface, decreased the porosity of the composite, and resulted in 1mm long and 50µm wide microrods of MOF-177/BFG composites which act as a selective sensor for trinitrophenol compared to trinitrotoluene.
Association between weight gain during adjuvant chemotherapy (CTx) for early-stage breast cancer (BC) and survival outcomes.

e12057Background: Obese and overweight women have an increased risk of BC and worse outcomes at the time of diagnosis compared to those at normal weight. Studies suggest that women tend to gain wei...
Discourse and Power Relations in Community Tourism

Adopting a mixed method of ethnographic fieldwork approach and critical discourse analysis, we explored the implicit power relations between a private company and local residents in Chongdu Valley,...
Silibinin enhances UVB-induced MAPK/Erk1/2 activation, p53-ser 15 phosphorylation and accumulation in mouse epidermal JB6 cells: Possible role in protection against photocarcinogenesis

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004 1389 Ultraviolet B (UVB, 280-320 nm) from sunlight is the major etiologic factor in the development of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). In addition to tumor initiating effect, several recent studies have shown that tumor promoting effect of UVB that involves both mitogenic and survival signaling. These findings suggest that agents which modulate UVB-induced signaling pathways may be effective against NMSC. Several studies by us in recent years have shown the anti-cancer effects of silibinin, isolated from milk thistle plant, in UVB-induced tumor promotion and complete carcinogenesis. In our studies we employed well-established and studied JB6 mouse epithelial cell model in order to assess whether skin cancer preventive efficacy of silibinin involves alterations of UVB-signaling. JB6 cells under normal serum conditions were exposed to UVB (100 mJ/cm2) with or without silibinin (100 μM) pre-treatment for 24 h and harvested 3-72 h after exposure. UVB treatment resulted in a moderate activation of Erk1/2 at 24 h post-exposure which reached its peak at 48 h and returned to basal level at 72 h; whereas silibinin pre-treatment resulted in a stronger activation of Erk1/2 as early as 3-6 h post-irradiation, which was sustained till 72 h after UVB exposure. Concomitantly, kinase activity of Erk1/2, as observed by substrate phosphorylation of Elk-1 was also markedly increased by silibinin. UVB-induced serine-15 phosphorylation and accumulation of p53 was observed as early as 6 h after UVB irradiation, which started diminishing after 48 h of exposure. Silibinin pre-treatment resulted in a slower but stronger p53 phosphorylation that peaked at 24 h and remained activated till 72 h after UVB exposure. Further, silibinin (100 μM) pre-treatment resulted in a time-dependent increase in UVB-induced apoptosis. Analysis of Annexin V-PI-stained cells showed that while UVB exposure resulted in 8, 50 and 72% apoptosis at 24, 48 and 72 h after UVB exposure, silibinin treatment enhanced the number of apoptotic cells to 27, 63 and 80% (P<0.01-0.001), respectively. In other studies, pre-treatment of cells with MEK1 inhibitor PD98059 partially reversed (40% in silibinin plus UVB vs 13% in PD98059 pre-treatment) silibinin-induced increase in apoptosis and p53 ser15 phosphorylation. These results suggest that Erk1/2 activation, p53 stabilization and apoptosis induction are at least in part involved in the protective effect of silibinin against UVB-caused skin tumor promotion and/or complete carcinogenesis.
Differential Expression of SOS Genes in an E. Coli Mutant Producing Unstable LexA Protein Enhances Excision Repair But Inhibits Mutagenesis

The lexA41 mutant of E. coli is a UV-resistant derivative of another mutant, lexA3, which produces a repressor that is not cleaved following inducing treatments, lexA41 carried an additional mutation which changed amino acid 132 in the LexA protein from Ala to Thr. The resultant protein was unstable and was degraded both before and after an inducing treatment. This instability was. greater at 42° than at 30°. The protein was more stable in Lon” mutants at both temperatures. lac operon fusions to most of the genes in the SOS regulon were used to show that the various damageinducible genes were derepressed to different extents. uvrA, B, and D were almost fully derepressed. Consistant with this finding, the rate of removal of T4 endonuclease V-sensitive sites was more rapid in the UV-irradiated lexA4l mutant than in normal cells, suggesting a more active excision repair system.
CXC Chemokines in Cancer Angiogenesis

Chemokines were first described for their ability to recruit leukocytes, but their biological role has now been recognized in many other biological processes. Angiogenesis, or the process of new blood vessel growth, is critical to many physiologic and pathologic processes, including tumorigenesis. In this chapter, we review the role of chemokines in cancer angiogenesis and angiostasis.
What If Well-Being Measurements Are Non-Linear?

ABSTRACTWell-being measurements are frequently used to support conclusions about a range of philosophically important issues. This is a problem, because we know too little about the intervals of the relevant scales. I argue that it is plausible that well-being measurements are non-linear, and that common beliefs that they are linear are not truth-tracking, so we are not justified in believing that well-being scales are linear. I then argue that this undermines common appeals to both hypothetical and actual well-being measurements; I first focus on the philosophical literature on prioritarianism and then discuss Kahneman's Peak-End Rule as a systematic bias. Finally, I discuss general implications for research on well-being, and suggest a better way of representing scales.
Blue is in the Eye of the Beholder: a Cross Cultural Study on Color Perception and Memory

The linguistic relativity hypothesis states that the language one speaks affects how one thinks. Color categorization across languages has often been studied in order to examine the hypothesis. However, those studies often rely on uniform color stimuli or focus on one aspect of cognition. In experiment one, we examined how Russian- and English-speaking participants rated the color of blue/grey eyes perceptually and from memory. Russian-speakers are more likely to describe such eyes as grey, whereas English-speakers are more likely to describe them as blue. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions. In the first condition (perception), participants saw the color scale and an eye picture simultaneously and then chose the color that best matched the picture. In the second condition (memory), participants matched the color of an eye to the color scale from memory. The third condition (label) was similar to the second, except participants labeled the eye orally before matching the color from memory. A Bayesian analysis showed that Russian-speakers rated the eyes greyer than did English-speakers in the memory and label conditions, but not perception conditions. In experiment two, we examined how short-term linguistic memory traces are related to color memory. Overall, results find nuanced support for the linguistic relativity hypothesis: language affects color memory more than color perception.
Posterior Circulation Aneurysms

Since 1969, 218 aneurysms of the posterior circulation have been operated upon in our department. Of this group, 131 were saccular (size less than 15 mm), 47 were globular (15–25 mm), and 40 were giant aneurysms (greater than 25 mm). Aneurysms were seen at all the usual sites. Timing of operation was determined by the patient’s clinical condition and there was a trend toward operation after the 1st week following subarachnoid hemorrhage. All saccular and globular aneurysms were treated by direct clipping. Most of the giant aneurysms could be directly clipped, often only with the use of a “booster” clip. Those giant aneurysms which could not be directly clipped were treated by proximal ligation of the parent artery with or without bypass. The overall results show 165 of 218 patients (75.6%) having an excellent or good outcome; 20 patients (9.2%) had a poor outcome from their illness and/or treatment; 33 patients (15.2%) died. The results are discussed with respect to aneurysm location, aneurysm size, patient preoperative grade, and timing of surgery.
Charge Transfer in Atomic Systems

In considering the topic of collisions between atomic and molecular particles, one must pay particular attention to the processes that involve the transfer of an electron from one of the colliding partners to the other, since frequently this is one of the most probable processes. This process plays a predominant role in a considerable body of physical phenomena. For instance, in the charge balance in the ionosphere, 1 as well as in laboratory plasmas, the charge-transfer process is an important and often dominant intermediate step. The process has also been experimentally useful for obtaining neutral beams with known distributions of states which can be used then to study other phenomena.2 Here we are also interested in charge transfer both as a means for obtaining certain atomic spectra and for understanding interatomic forces. We are concerned in this chapter with events in which the participants in the collisions are atomic systems, i.e., atoms and ions, and in which a single electron is transferred. The following equations indicate the events to be considered: A+ + B ➙ A + B+ A2+ + B ➙ A+ + B+ (1.1)