cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Dse1 may control cross talk between the pheromone and filamentation pathways in yeast.

The filamentous/invasive growth pathway is activated by nutrient limitation in the haploid form of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, whereas exposure to mating-pheromone causes cells to differentiate into gametes. Although these two pathways respond to very different stimuli and generate very different responses, they utilize many of the same signaling components. This implies the need for robust mechanisms to maintain signal fidelity. Dse1 was identified in an allele-specific suppressor screen for proteins that interact with the pheromone-responsive Gβγ, and found to bind both to a Gβγ-affinity column, and to the shared MEKK, Ste11. Although overexpression of Dse1 stimulated invasive growth and transcription of both filamentation and mating-specific transcriptional reporters, deletion of DSE1 had no effect on these outputs. In contrast, pheromone hyper-induced transcription of the filamentation reporter in cells lacking Dse1 and in cells expressing a mutant form of Gβ that exhibits diminished interaction with Dse1. Thus, the interaction of Dse1 with both Gβ and Ste11 may be designed to control cross talk between the pheromone and filamentation pathways.
On the Richness of the Set of p’s in Krivine’s Theorem

We give examples of two Banach spaces. One Banach space has no spreading model which contains l p (1 ≤ p < ∞) or c o. The other space has an unconditional basis for which l p (1 ≥ p < ∞) and c o are block finitely represented in all block bases.
Effect of Tracheal Gas Insufflation During Weaning From Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation: A Preliminary Study

• BACKGROUND: Tracheal gas insufflation reduces inspired tidal volume and minute ventilation in spontaneously breathing patients and may facilitate weaning from mechanical ventilation. • OBJECTIVE: To determine if tracheal gas insufflation can reduce ventilatory demand during weaning trials in patients who require prolonged mechanical ventilation. • METHODS: A reduction in ventilatory demand was defined as a relative decrease in tidal volume, minute ventilation, and mean inspiratory flow during trials with tracheal gas insufflation compared with the values during trials without this therapy. A total of 14 subjects underwent T-piece trials with and without insufflation (flow rate 6 L/min) on 2 consecutive days; the order of insufflation was randomized. Tidal volume, minute ventilation, and mean inspiratory flow were measured at baseline (without insufflation) and 2 hours later. • RESULTS: Differences in ventilatory demand were not significant when comparisons were made for condition (tracheal gas insufflation vs no flow) or time (baseline vs 2 hours) for the total group (P=.48). Subjects were classified post hoc as responders (n=9) or nonresponders (n=5). Comparisons between responders and nonresponders indicated a significant (P=.02) 3-way multivariate interaction for group (responder vs nonresponder), condition (tracheal gas insufflation vs no flow), and time (baseline vs 2 hours) for ventilatory demand variables. • CONCLUSION: Tracheal gas insufflation can reduce ventilatory demand during weaning trials in some patients who require mechanical ventilation.
Motion noise cancellation in seismocardiographic monitoring of moving subjects

This paper presents a novel method of extracting seismocardiographic data from moving adult subjects using chest-worn wireless MEMS accelerometers. A DSP system including a normalized LMS adaptive filter is designed and tested in MATLAB. Data results from 11 subjects indicate a detection rate of 97.33% and a high correlation between SCG and ECG signals simultaneously acquired. The results suggest that adaptive filtering could be a relevant technique for this purpose.
The Losing Case for Special Access Regulation

In 1999, the FCC largely deregulated middle-mile or "special access" enterprise communications services, resulting in explosive growth of new competitors using new technologies, including cable, fiber-optics, and high-speed Ethernet loops. But in recent years the agency has expressed increased interest in re-regulating not only the legacy carriers but the new entrants as well. A multi-year data collection effort to evaluate competitive conditions in the market has stalled, further demonstrating the poor match between the FCC's pace and that of the market. This paper argues that the agency's blundering has had the unintended consequence of interfering with the healthy evolution of special access -- precisely the opposite result desired by all parties involved.
Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders

The International Classification of Sleep Disorders Third Edition (ICSD-3) lists five major types of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs), including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) disorders, central sleep apnea (CSA) syndromes, sleep-related hypoventilation (SRHV) disorders, sleep-related hypoxemia (SRHO) disorders, and isolated symptoms and normal variants. Positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment-emergent CSA, also known as complex sleep apnea, has been classified under CSA syndromes while mixed sleep apnea (both obstructive and central apneas occurring during the diagnostic study) has not yet been listed in the ICSD-3. Although excessive daytime sleepiness is a well-known consequence of SRBDs, insomnia occurs in 40–60 % of patients with OSA syndrome. Although there are no population-based estimates of the prevalence of the different subtypes of SRBDs, the vast majority (>90 %) of cases seen in clinical practice are due to OSA syndrome. Although habitual snoring and catathrenia (sleep groaning) can be disruptive to other household members’ sleep, these isolated symptoms, in the absence of neurocognitive symptoms and polysomnographically diagnosed sleep apnea, are not associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
From circumstance to mechanism in pediatrics during the Hopkins century

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was The Johns Hopkins. In the beginning, like Janus, the Roman God of thresholds, the new medicine was double-faced,1 the one visage gazing inward at the mechanisms of disease, the other outward at the social circumstances in which disease occurs. With time, the very success of the search for mechanisms displaced the concern for circumstances. Is it hyperbole to aver that Hopkins was the Word for the education of American physicians in the scientific practice of medicine? This University began formal graduate education in the United States2; this Hospital introduced the graduated system of clinical instruction for house officers incorporated in a teaching hospital in place of preceptorships with specialist practitioners3-5; this Medical School inaugurated the full-time system in clinical departments, chose its faculty for competence in research as well as patient care, and became the prototype for academic excellence.4 Harvard9s president, Charles W. Eliot, acknowledged this University9s seminal role when he wrote2(p105): The example of Johns Hopkins forced our faculty to put their strength into the development of education for graduates. . . . What was true of Harvard was true of every other university in the land. Nor was Eliot6(p93) reticent in assessing the state of medical education B.H. (before Hopkins): The ignorance and general incompetency of the average graduate of American medical schools at a time when he [sic] receives a degree which turns him loose upon the community, is something horrible to contemplate, considering the nature of the physician9s functions and responsibilities.
Geschachteltes multidimensionales Datenmodell

Dieses Kapitel umfast die Beschreibung des in der CubeStar-Methodologie eingesetzten ‘Nested Multidimensional Data Model’ ([Lehn98a]), gegliedert in die bereits in Kapitel 4 eingefuhrte Aufteilung der Darstellung des Datenorganisationskonzeptes, des Datenstrukturkonzeptes und der auf diesen Datenstrukturen im Rahmen des Datenmanipulationskonzeptes anwendbaren Operatoren. Ziel ist die Vermittlung der grundlegenden Modellierungsidee von geschachtelten multidimensionalen Datenwurfeln, formal reprasentiert durch das Konzept der ‘Multidimensionalen Objekte’. Weiterhin werden die auf multidimensionalen Objekten definierten Operatoren, wie Navigations-, Aggregations- und Verbundoperatoren erlautert. Die Beschreibung des Datenorganisations- und Datenstrukturkonzeptes wird begleitet durch die korrespondierenden Sprachkonstrukte der im Rahmen des CubeStar-Projektes entwickelten ‘CubeQueryLanguage’ (CQL, [BaLe97]).
Stochastic Canonical Equation K45 for Normalized Spectral Functions of Random Matrices Pencil

In the same manner as in the previous chapters, we consider n.s.f. of the roots of the characteristic equation det {ΞΞ* - zHH*} = 0, where Ξ and H are some random matrices of the same dimension. Under appropriate conditions, the system of stochastic canonical equations K 45 for the limit of the n.s.f. of the matrix ΞΞ*(HH)−1 is found.
Comment on ``Correlation between Compact Radio Quasars and Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays''

A Comment on the Letter by Glennys R. Farrar and Peter L. Biermann, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 3579 (1998). The authors of the Letter offer a Reply.
A Study of the Absorption Properties of Maximally Path Entangled Number States

We characterize the absorption of realistic maximally path entangled number states. Specifically we investigate the result of down conversion, filters and a beam splitter. Our goal is maximal absorption. Applications include quantum lithography and metrology.
Temperature sensitivity of vinblastine-induced tubulin polymerization in the presence of microtubule-associated proteins.

The antitumor drug vinblastine has been a useful probe for examining the interaction of tubulin with the microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), specifically with τ and MAP 2. Although τ and MAP 2 can stimulate microtubule assemblyin vitro, their specific interactions with tubulin are known to differ. For example, in the presence of vinblastine, both τ and MAP 2 cause tubulin to form spirals, but τ causes formation of clustered spirals of high turbidity, while MAP 2 causes formation of loose spirals of low turbidity [Luduenaet al., J. Biol. Chem. 259, 12890–12898 (1984)]. Although cold temperatures can inhibit microtubule assembly, cold has no effect on vinblastine-induced tubulin spiral formation. Consequently, we used the vinblastine-tubulin system to examine the interactions of τ and MAP 2 with tubulin at low temperatures. We found that τ-tubulin-vinblastine complexes form about as well at 0°C as at 37°C. In contrast, MAP 2-tubulin-vinblastine complexes form much less well at 0°C than at 37°C. We find, however, that MAP 2, at 0°C, will strongly inhibit, and even reverse, formation of the τ-tubulin-vinblastine complex. This suggests that the temperature-sensitive factor is the MAP 2-stimulated tubulin-tubulin interaction rather than the MAP 2-tubulin interactionper se; this raises the possibility that the tubulin-tubulin interactions stimulated by τ differ in their temperature sensitivity from those stimulated by MAP 2.
Some Counting Problems Involving the Multinomial Expansion

(1991). Some Counting Problems Involving the Multinomial Expansion. Mathematics Magazine: Vol. 64, No. 2, pp. 115-122.
Evaluation of Mobile Learning: Current Research and Implications for Instructional Designers

As mobile devices infiltrate our personal lives, they also are becoming increasingly embedded in formal educational environments. The emergence of laptops, tablets, and smartphones has diversified access to hardware and software for anytime/anywhere access. This influences learning theories and evaluation methodologies specifically aligned to mobile learning. Using an adapted conceptual framework, which combines the Framework for the Rational Analysis of Mobile Education (FRAME) and Transactional Distance Theory (TDT), this paper recommends instructional designers focus on using themes in evaluation of mobile learning research to inform design. Design principles in the literature have focused on usability, access to content, and alignment with pedagogical theories.
Testing results on quality of drinking water in Weinan City from 2009-2011

[Objective]To understand the sanitary condition of drinking water in Weinan City,to explore the main factors affecting the water quality and safety,and provide the scientific basis for relevant departments to develop improvement measures.[Methods] Test was based on " Standard Test Methods for Drinking Water"(GB / T 5750-2006),and the results were evaluated according to " Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water "(GB / T 5749-2006).[Results]A total of 618 water samples were tested during 3 years,and 210 were qualified.The qualified rate was 34.0%.The qualified rate of microbiological index was lowest(36.0%).The qualified rates from 2009-2011 were 26.6%,32.1% and 42.8%,respectively,with significant difference(χ2 = 12.28,P 0.01).[Conclusion]The qualified rate of drinking water is low and microbial contamination is serious in Weinan City.It is necessary to strengthen the sanitary protection of drinking water sources,to enhance water precipitation,purification and disinfection,so as to ensure the safety of drinking water for the residents.
Abstract B1-45: Chr3q26 amplification and associated pathways is the key driver in squamous cell carcinoma

The large scale characterization of molecular aberrations in cancer through efforts such as TCGA is resulting in better disease understanding as well as rational development of cancer therapies. Recently, in the pan-cancer analysis of TCGA data, Chr3q26 amplification was identified as the most frequent copy number amplification in over 5,000 samples across 12 cancer types (Ciriello et al. 2013). This aberration is more commonly seen in solid tumors of the squamous cells. In this study, we analyze three types of squamous cell carcinomas, Lung (N=494), HeadN Feb 8-11 2015; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(22 Suppl 2):Abstract nr B1-45.
Perigeal Modes of Eternal Life and Issues

We will begin this chapter by considering the possibility that some, perhaps many, eternal lives may be found within what are otherwise quite ordinary lives. In fact, we have already encountered this possibility. In this chapter’s second section, we will pursue it further. Also in this chapter, we will take up the issue of what is and what is not a mode of eternal life. In the third section, approximations and similitudes of modes of eternal life, as well as preparations, will be distinguished and discussed. Some of these may be part of or interdigitate with modes of eternal life, but all, it will be argued, are appropriately distinguished from eternal life in the understanding that we have developed. The chapter’s fourth section will focus on interiority and consciousness as the sine qua non and the sufficient condition of eternal life and its modes, and in it, we will explore certain subtleties in its presence or absence. In the final section of this chapter, eternal life in this life will be related to the religious virtue of detachment.
Implicit and Explicit Communal Coping in Couples with Recently Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes.

When an individual in a close relationship is diagnosed with a chronic illness, coping can be the responsibility of the patient or couple members can cope communally. Communal coping reflects a shared appraisal of a stressor (our problem instead of my problem) and collaborative efforts to address the stressor. The current study examined whether patients’ and partners’ communal coping levels were associated with relational and health functioning among 70 couples in which one member was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. We assessed explicit communal coping with self-reported “inclusion of the other in the self” in regard to diabetes management and implicit communal coping with first-person plural pronoun usage during a diabetes discussion. We also assessed patient reports of support received from partners, patient and partner psychological distress, and patient self-care behavior. Results showed that patient explicit communal coping was related to better patient relationship quality and greater suppo...
Implementing a resident acute care surgery service: Improving resident education and patient care

Background To simulate the duties and responsibilities of an attending surgeon and allow senior residents more intraoperative and perioperative autonomy, our program created a new resident acute care surgery consult service. Methods We structured resident acute care surgery as a new admitting and inpatient consult service managed by chief and senior residents with attending supervision. When appropriate, the chief resident served as a teaching assistant in the operation. Outcomes were recorded prospectively and reviewed at weekly quality improvement conferences. The following information was collected: (1) teaching assistant case logs for senior residents preimplentation (n = 10) and postimplementation (n = 5) of the resident acute care surgery service; (2) data on the proportion of each case performed independently by residents; (3) resident evaluations of the resident acute care surgery versus other general operative services; (4) consult time for the first 12 months of the service (June 2014 to June 2015). Results During the first year after implementation, the number of total teaching assistant cases logged among graduating chief residents increased from a mean of 13.4 ± 13.0 (range 4–44) for preresident acute care surgery residents to 30.8 ± 8.8 (range 27–36) for postresident acute care surgery residents (P < .01). Of 323 operative cases, the residents performed an average of 82% of the case independently. There was a significant increase in the satisfaction with the variety of cases (mean 5.08 vs 4.52, P < .01 on a 6-point Likert scale) and complexity of cases (mean 5.35 vs 4.94, P < .01) on service evaluations of resident acute care surgery (n = 27) in comparison with other general operative services (n = 127). In addition, creation of a 1-team consult service resulted in a more streamlined consult process with average consult time of 22 minutes for operative consults and 25 minutes for nonoperative consults (range 5–90 minutes). Conclusion The implementation of a resident acute care surgery service has increased resident autonomy, teaching assistant cases, and satisfaction with operative case variety, as well as the efficiency of operative consultation at our institution.
Quantum Energies for Central Potentials

The central potential is defined herein as a potential that has rotation and inversion symmetry operations. The particular systems examined herein are a constant potential within confined limits (one, two, and three dimensional boxes), a Hookean symmetric potential (harmonic oscillator), reciprocal distance potentials (Coulomb and gravitation), and zero potential everywhere (free rotation of diatomic). The structure of the nucleus is introduced through a simple shell model, followed by discussions on radioactive decay and nuclear reactions.
PD1 and PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Gastrointestinal Cancer

Gastrointestinal cancers are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cancers of the oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, gallbladder, liver, colon and rectum account for 29 % of new cancer cases and 37 % of cancer deaths [1]. The majority of these cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage and outcomes remain poor. Systemic therapy for gastrointestinal tumours primarily relies on cytotoxic chemotherapy, with very few molecularly targeted agents incorporated in the treatment of these diseases. Recent advances have included the addition of trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody against HER2, to cytotoxic chemotherapy in advanced HER2 amplified gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma, the addition of the monoclonal antibodies against EGFR, cetuximab or panitumumab, in advanced KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer, and the angiogenesis inhibitors bevacizumab, ramucirumab and sorafenib in advanced colorectal, gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, respectively [2–8]. Although these therapies have improved clinical outcomes, their benefit is modest due to the development of acquired resistance. Therefore, more effective therapies leading to durable responses are needed for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.
Mode-evolution based coupler for Ge-on-Si photodetectors

We demonstrate a mode-evolution based coupler for Ge-on-Si photodetectors achieving uniform power absorption in germanium leading to an 88% increase in photocurrent generation under 29mW illumination. We also measure a 7.4mA/cm2 dark current density at −1V, 1550nm responsivity of 1.01A/W and 40GHz 3-dB electro-optic bandwidth.
Potential role of the epidermal growth factor receptor in human pancreatic cancer.

The epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor is a transmembrane protein that has tyrosine kinase activity. It is activated by both EGF and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-α). Human pancreatic cancer cells overexpress the EGF receptor and exhibit a parallel increase in EGF receptor mRNA without a detectable increase in the number of gene copies coding for the receptor. These cells also produce TGF-α and are capable of binding exogenous TGF-α. They often recycle EGF, but markedly and rapidly degrade TGF-α. However, TGF-α is 10–100-fold more potent than EGF in enhancing their anchorage-independent growth. Both growth factors induce EGF receptor down-regulation, but EGF is more efficient than TGF-α in this regard. The concomitant overexpression of the EGF receptor and production of TGF-α, the recycling of EGF, and the attenuated ability of TGF-α to down-regulate the EGF receptor may combine to provide a distinct growth advantage to human pancreatic cancer cells.
Expanding Self-Efficacy of Nursing Faculty with Improved Orientation

The constraints of limited and qualified nursing faculty members is astounding and the effects are nationwide. Crocetti (2014) discusses that on frequent occasions, the newly-hired adjunct faculty members are inexperienced in their new role as an educator and deficiencies are noted in preparing the instructors on how to educate nursing students for the complex healthcare system they will encounter upon graduation. Research reveals that in order to retain the clinicians and increase a successful transition to academia, guidance and support are needed for the new educators through improved orientation and mentoring programs (Cranford, 2013; Danna, Schaubhut, & Jones, 2010; Grassley & Lambe, 2015). The current research is a retrospective analysis of data from an enhanced orientation to compare teaching self-efficacy before and after completing an orientation. The research question is the following: Will there be a difference in adjunct faculty’s teaching self-efficacy after receiving an online orientation as measured by pretest and post-test? The research from this pilot study revealed statistical significance through an increase of teaching self-efficacy scores following completion of the orientation course at the local university, Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test z = -2.52, p < 0.05, with a large effect size (r = -0.63). The study findings support the theory that acclimating nursing faculty to their role as an educator will increase teaching self-efficacy. If the faculty is cultured to their role, they may choose to stay in education, which may assist to combat the nationwide nursing and nurse faculty shortages.
Data-Driven Localization Mappings in Filtering the Monsoon–Hadley Multicloud Convective Flows

AbstractThis paper demonstrates the efficacy of data-driven localization mappings for assimilating satellite-like observations in a dynamical system of intermediate complexity. In particular, a spa...
High temperature microstructural stability and recrystallization mechanisms in 14YWT alloys

Abstract In-situ neutron diffraction experiments were performed on room temperature compressed 14YWT nanostructured ferritic alloys at 1100 °C and 1150 °C to understand their thermally activated static recrystallization mechanisms. Existence of a high density of Y-Ti-O rich nano-oxides ( and {112} texture components during annealing, in contrast to the conventional recrystallization textures in body centered cubic alloys. Furthermore, nano-oxide size, shape, density and distribution are considerably different in unrecrystallized and abnormally grown grains. Transmission electron microscopy analysis shows that oxide particles having a size between 5 and 30 nm play a critical role for recrystallization mechanisms in 14YWT nanostructured ferritic alloys.
Hypothyroidism During Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy Is Associated with Longer Survival in Patients with Advanced Nonthyroidal Cancers.

Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-induced thyroid dysfunction is recognized as a common adverse effect of treatment, but the importance of incident hypothyroidism during TKI therapy remai...
Some Multivariate Developments in Nonparametric Statistics

The growing popularity of nonparametric statistics (Lehmann, 1975) is attested to by the proliferation of new techniques in the last couple of decades. Whereas early formulations of nonparametric statistics concentrated on uni- and bivariate techniques—a shortcoming that was identified by Siegel (1956)—in the last 20 years there has been a clear accent on their development for multivariate application. Although the multivariate implementation of nonparametric statistics is of central concern in this chapter, in order to provide a basis for an evaluation of these procedures it is necessary to deal first with some basic problems. Specifically, in this section two fundamental issues will be addressed: (1) the meaning of the term nonparametric and (2) its relation to the term distribution free, which is often used synonymously. Before beginning the discussion of nonparametric techniques, a brief overview of such critical terms as multivariate and nonparametric will be given.
Damage to DNA Caused by Hydrolysis

The covalent structure of DNA is unstable in aqueous solution. It tends to hydrolyze to its monomeric components, and they themselves are subject to various hydrolytic reactions. These processes are slow, when compared to most familiar chemical reactions. However, a reaction that is slow by these standards may still have great biological significance, if it occurs within the genetic material of an organism. A single base transformation within a DNA molecule may be sufficient to cause a mutation, or inactivate the DNA. Consider a reaction, for example, with a rate constant of 10−10 sec−1 at pH 7.4, 37°; it will have a half life of 220 years. Assume that, within a DNA, it affects two of the four bases. It will take place once every three hours per million base pairs of DNA, and thus be a significant source of damage.
Reproductive Failure in Domestic Mammals

The reproductive cycle consists of a chain of well-synchronized reactions—follicle maturation, estrus, ovulation, sperm transport, sperm capacitation, fertilization, egg transport, endometrial progestation, blastocyst explansion, denudation of zona pellucida, implantation, placental formation, embryonic differentiation, fetal development, parturition, and lactation. The intricate interactions among the releasing factors from the hypothalamus, the gonadotropic hormones and the gonadal hormones control these reproductive processes. Lack of integrations of any phase of the hormonal sequences will result in reproductive failure. Genetic, anatomical, environmental, nutritional, metabolic, immunological and pathological factors also contribute to such failure. The different syndromes of infertility may occur at five major stages of the reproductive cycle: (a) structural and functional development of the sexual organs, (b) prefertilization, (c) preimplantation, (d) postimplantation, and (e) perinatal and neonatal (Fig. 1).
Transplacental effects of ethylnitrosourea precursors ethylurea and sodium nitrite in hamsters

Four simultaneous dosages of the ethylnitrosourea precursors, ethylurea and sodium nitrite, were administered intragastrically to pregnant hamsters at 100 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg respectively, from the 12–15th days of pregnancy. The treatment induced multiple neurogenic tumors of the peripheral nervous system in the offspring.
Bullet retrieval from the right hepatic vein using a controlled endovascular and transhepatic approach.

Abstract Venous bullet embolism is a rare complication of trauma. We describe a patient who sustained a gunshot wound. Computed tomography revealed antegrade embolization of the bullet to the right hepatic vein (RHV). The risk of not retrieving the bullet embolus and subsequent embolization to the pulmonary circulation includes pulmonary artery thrombosis, bleeding, or abscess formation. The bullet was retrieved through right internal jugular vein access; assisted by percutaneous transhepatic repositioning and endovascular balloon-immobilization of the bullet. The balloon served to "isolate" the bullet within the RHV to avoid the risk of endovascular migration to the pulmonary circulation. Transhepatic access allowed repositioning of the bullet within the RHV leading to successful snare retrieval. This technique demonstrates advantages of percutaneous and endovascular accesses, that repositioned and immobilized the bullet in the RHV to accomplish controlled endovascular retrieval.
Experimental realization of a long-lived striped Bose-Einstein condensate induced by momentum-space hopping

The search for supersolidlike phases has attracted great attention in the fields of condensed matter and ultracold atom physics. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a route for realizing a superfluid stripe phase in a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate by employing a weak optical lattice to induce momentum-space hopping between two spin-orbit band minima. We characterize the striped ground state as a function of lattice coupling strength and spin-orbit detuning and find good agreement with mean-field simulations. We observe coherent Rabi oscillations in momentum space between two band minima and demonstrate a long lifetime of the ground state. Our work offers an exciting and stable experimental platform for exploring superfluid stripe phases and their exotic excitations, which may shed light on the properties of supersolidlike states.
Molecular Dynamics Calculations of Grain Boundary Mobility in CdTe

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been applied to study mobilities of Σ3, Σ7 and Σ11 grain boundaries in CdTe. First, an existing MD approach to drive the motion of grain boundaries in face-centered-cubic and body-centered-cubic crystals was generalized for arbitrary crystals. MD simulations were next performed to calculate grain boundary velocities in CdTe crystals at different temperatures, driving forces, and grain boundary terminations. Here a grain boundary is said to be Te-terminated if its migration encounters sequentially C d · T e − C d · T e … planes, where “·” and “−” represent short and long spacing respectively. Likewise, a grain boundary is said to be Cd-terminated if its migration encounters sequentially T e · C d − T e · C d … planes. Grain boundary mobility laws, suitable for engineering time and length scales, were then obtained by fitting the MD results to Arrhenius equation. These studies indicated that the Σ3 grain boundary has significantly lower mobility than the Σ7 and Σ11 grain boundaries. The Σ7 Te-terminated grain boundary has lower mobility than the Σ7 Cd-terminated grain boundary, and that the Σ11 Cd-terminated grain boundary has lower mobility than the Σ11 Te-terminated grain boundary.
Artificial Intelligence-Enabled ECG Big Data Mining for Pervasive Heart Health Monitoring

The ECG signal is a gold standard physiological signal to reflect heart health and has been studied for many decades. It can not only be leveraged to generate real-time emergency alarms before a heart attack but also be mined in a long-term manner for risk pattern discovery. ECG signal has specific characteristics in multiple domain, such as the temporal, frequency, statistical, and phase domains, each of which can reveal some interesting medical hints related to the mechanical and electrical behaviors of the heart. Traditionally, ECG signals are acquired in clinics or hospitals, where very high signal quality can be guaranteed. However, along with the advance of wearable computers and mobile computing platforms, there are many emerging ECG-based heart disease management possibilities, i.e., possibly, we can monitor the ECG signal in our daily lives and effectively track our heart health without going to medical facilities. However, it is very challenging to deal with motion artifacts during people’s physical activates. Many researchers have proposed a large number of ECG signal processing algorithms and studied a bunch of potential applications. We have introduced artificial intelligence into wearable ECG-based heart rate monitoring during severe human activities, which greatly outperform previous studies. We have also studied novel ECG applications, which can capture single-arm-ECG for 24-hour heart disease monitoring. The goal in this work is to eliminate the uncomfortableness and inconvenience induced by traditional ECG configurations, i.e., the 12-lead ECG placement methods. Especially, previously, people put the ECG electrodes on the chest, which requires a chest strap to fix the electrodes. Leveraging advanced signal sensing and artificial intelligence algorithms, we have successfully demonstrated the potential of this highly wearable arm-worn heart rate monitor. This chapter will systematically introduce the current advancement of ECG signal processing algorithms and applications, including previous works and our research progress. The readers from both academia and industry can benefit from the chapter by understanding the advancement, challenges, and future opportunities from this chapter.
A distributionally robust optimization approach for outpatient colonoscopy scheduling

Abstract We consider the outpatient colonoscopy scheduling problem, recognizing the impact of pre-procedure bowel preparation (prep) quality on the variability in colonoscopy duration. Data from a large academic medical center indicates that colonoscopy durations are bimodal, i.e., depending on the prep quality they can follow two different probability distributions, one for those with adequate prep and the other for those with inadequate prep. We therefore define a distributionally robust outpatient colonoscopy scheduling (DROCS) problem that seeks optimal appointment sequence and schedule to minimize the worst-case weighted expected sum of patient waiting, provider idling, and provider overtime, where the worst-case is taken over an ambiguity set (a family of distributions) characterized through the known mean and support of the prep quality and durations. We derive an equivalent mixed-integer linear programming formulation to solve DROCS. Finally, we present a case study based on extensive numerical experiments in which we draw several managerial insights into colonoscopy scheduling.
Demography and democracy: transitions in the Middle East and North Africa

Modernization theory has been studied in various contexts, arguing that socio-economic modernization is a prerequisite for democratization. Modernization would lead to the decline of religious infl...
Role of tolerance in the transnational companies’ management system

The relevance of the research topic is explained by the rapid development of integration processes, the formation of a global economic space, which led to the intensive development of multinational companies. In these conditions, the issue of the role of tolerance in the management system of multinational companies is becoming relevant. Formulation of the problem. New opportunities associated with the formation of the main aspects of tolerance in the management system of multinational companies and draw certain conclusions. Analysis of recent research and publications. The study of certain aspects regarding the functioning and development of multinational companies was covered in the works of such authors as Krivov'yazyuk I., Mekshun P., Melnichuk V., Mikaelyan S., Penska I., Skavronsky I., Terekhov E., Chumak N. and others. A great contribution to the study of issues on tolerance was made by such scientists as Y. Arabchuk, O. Orlovskaya, M. Pirenn and others. Highlighting unexplored parts of a common problem. In favorable conditions for the formation and development of multinational companies, the issue of tolerance in the management system of companies, which is most conducive to resolving a number of conflicts, remains unaddressed. Problem statement, research objectives. The aim of the study is to study the main aspects of tolerance in the management system of multinational companies and draw certain conclusions. The method or methodology of the study. In the work, general scientific methods were used: dialectic, system-structural analysis and synthesis, statistical and economic methods, generalization. Statement of the main material (results of work). The article indicates the role of transnational companies in modern conditions and determines that in the formation and development of these companies, tolerance acquires special meaning in the management system. The main directions of the problems of interethnic relations are systematized and their solutions are recommended by regulating the professional activities of employees of transnational companies. The significance of the “tolerance corridor” in the management system of multinational companies is determined. Scope of the results. The conclusions and results of the article can be used in the educational process of the economic faculties of higher educational institutions. At the same time, the results of the work can be used in the formation of the management system in multinational companies and in the process of professional training of company employees. Conclusions are consistent with the article. Based on the study of the role of tolerance in the management system of multinational companies in the modern conditions of development of Ukraine, the result is that tolerance should be based on professional training of company employees, which is formed on the basis of the tolerance corridor.
Clinical management of tendinopathy: A systematic review of systematic reviews evaluating the effectiveness of tendinopathy treatments

While the pathoetiology is disputed, a wide array of treatments is available to treat tendinopathy. The most common treatments found in the literature include therapeutic modalities, exercise protocols, and surgical interventions; however, their effectiveness remains ambiguous. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of systematic reviews to determine the ability of therapeutic interventions to improve pain and dysfunction in patients with tendinopathy regardless of type or location. Five databases were searched for systematic reviews containing only randomized control trials to determine the effectiveness of treatments for tendinopathies based on pain and patient-reported outcomes. Systematic reviews were assessed via the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) for methodological quality. From the database search, 3,295 articles were found, 107 passed the initial inclusion criteria. After further review, 25 systematic reviews were included in the final qualitative analysis. The AMSTAR scores were relatively high (8.8 ± 1.0) across the 25 systematic reviews. Eccentric exercises were the most common and consistently effective treatment for tendinopathy across systematic reviews. Low-level laser therapy and extracorporeal shockwave therapy demonstrated moderate effectiveness, while platelet-rich plasma injections demonstrated inconclusive evidence on their ability to decrease tendinopathy-related pain and improve function. Corticosteroids also showed some effectiveness for short-term pain, but for the long-term use deemed ineffective and at times contraindicated. Regarding surgical options, minimally invasive procedures were more effective compared to open surgical interventions. When treating tendinopathy regardless of location, eccentric exercises were the best treatment option to improve tendinopathy-related pain and improve self-reported function.
The Effects of Early Mobilization on Patients Requiring Extended Mechanical Ventilation Across Multiple ICUs

Objectives 1) To successfully implement early mobilization of individuals with prolonged mechanical ventilation in multiple ICUs at a tertiary care hospital and 2) to reduce length of stay and improve quality of care to individuals in the ICUs. Design Comparative effectiveness cohort study based on a quality improvement project. Setting Five ICUs at a tertiary care hospital. Patients A total of 541 mechanically ventilated patients over a 2-year period (2014-2015): 280 and 261, respectively. Age ranged from 19 to 94 years (mean, 63.84; sd, 14.96). Interventions A hospital-based initiative spurred development of a multidisciplinary team, tasked with establishing early mobilization in ICUs. Measurements and main results Early mobilization in the ICUs was evaluated by the number of physical therapy consults, length of stay, individual treatment sessions utilizing functional outcomes, and follow-up visits. Implementation of an early mobilization protocol across all ICUs led to a significant increase in the number of physical therapy consults, a significant decrease in ICU and overall lengths of stay, significantly shorter days to implement physical therapy, and a significantly higher physical therapy follow-up rate. Conclusions Mobilizing individuals in an intensive care setting decreases length of stay and hospital costs. With an interdisciplinary team to plan, implement, and evaluate stages of the program, a successful early mobilization program can be implemented across all ICUs simultaneously and affect change in patients who will require prolonged mechanical ventilation.
Autistic Moral Agency and Integrative Neuroethics

This chapter explores three models (mutual independence, limited collaboration, and constructive integration) of interdisciplinary interaction between neuroscience and ethics and specifies three possible ways (solving ethical issues in specific contexts, developing normative standards that can be used to regulate and evaluate the behaviors of a group of individuals with particular cognitive abilities or disabilities, and identifying and correcting faulty moral intuitions) neuroscience can contribute to normative discourse of ethics. Among the three models, the author discusses and analyzes constructive integration wherein neuroscience can contribute to the development of a normative standard that refers to a group of individuals under particular psychological conditions. By surveying and analyzing recent studies of neuroscience, specifically neuroimaging studies on cognitive empathy and emotional empathy, the author argues that neuroscience can be integrated with ethics in developing a normative standard for autistic moral agency. The author also argues that, in developing and justifying a normative standard, its psychological relevance should be considered. Since a normative standard relates to a group of individuals, consideration of their cognitive and emotional abilities is critically important. In this regard, integration of neuroscience and ethics can be understood as the theoretical effort to bring neuroscience to the discussion of normative rules and standards that can be practiced by a particular group of individuals.
The Remarkable Curvature of the Mind of Abdias do Nascimento

Nascimento transcended the country of his birth and established himself in the minds and hearts of Africans everywhere as a combatant against racism and classism. Abdias do Nascimento was to Brazil...
Rethinking Home-School Partnerships: Lessons Learned from Latinx Parents of Young Children During the COVID-19 Era.

The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted families from low-income backgrounds. The shift to remote learning has required parents with preschool-age children to adapt to new ways of collaborating with teachers. Given the longstanding inequities in the education of children from economically disadvantaged backgrounds, exacerbated by the pandemic, it is critical to learn about the challenges that parents encountered and how they supported their children’s learning. This knowledge will help to identify ways to better serve these communities during times of crisis and beyond. This study examined how Latinx parents from low-income backgrounds engaged in their children’s early education during the COVID-19 crisis. The term Latinx is used in an effort to be gender inclusive when referring to people of Latin American descent. We explored: 1) How do Latinx parents perceive and apply teachers’ suggested activities to support children’s learning during the early childhood education program closure? 2) What parent and child-initiated learning opportunities do parents report? 3) What challenges with remote learning do parents encounter? Twenty parents of preschoolers in a mountain state metropolitan area participated in a 30–45 min. phone interview. All parents spoke Spanish at home to a different degree. Findings revealed the emergence of more authentic parent-teacher partnerships and parents’ extensive engagement in teacher-suggested activities. Importantly, families created a variety of practices to support children’s learning and well-being. Yet, a vast majority of parents expressed feeling stressed with the demands of remote education, particularly keeping their child interested in remote learning. Implications for home-school partnerships are discussed.
Coasean markets

Coase’s work emphasized the economic importance of very small markets and made a new, more marginalist form of economic “institutionalism” acceptable within mainstream economics. A Coasean market is an association of persons with competing claims on a legal entitlement that can be traded. The boundaries of both Coasean markets and Coasean firms are determined by measuring not only the costs of bargaining but also the absolute costs of moving resources from one place to another. The boundaries of a Coasean market, just as those of the Coasean business firm, are defined by the line where the marginal cost of reaching a value-maximizing bargain by trading inside just equals the marginal cost of going outside. This focus on very small markets is a defining characteristic of modern Transaction Cost Economics. In analyzing such markets Coase ignored the eclectic, historical and behaviorist approach of the old institutionalists and applied the greater formalism and of marginal analysis. In the process, however, Coase assumed away important issues that the first generation of institutionalists were trying to address and created some new ones, such as how equilibrium is attained in Coasean as opposed to neoclassical markets. The most important difference between the two is that a Coasean market requires the unanimous consent of all participants before a trade can be made—a condition imposed by Coase’s own requirement of reciprocity, developed in The Problem of Social Cost (J Law Econ 3:1, 1960). The equilibrium problem is substantial but its significance has not been sufficiently developed. As a result, Coasean analysis of the business firm has made much more progress than has Cosean analysis of markets for legal entitlements. Further, the superiority of private governance over legislation, an important attribute of Coase’s argument, loses much of its force as the number of participants in Coasean markets increases beyond two. Research on the management of commons resources has contributed greatly to our understanding of when private resource allocation decisions by larger groups of owners succeed and when they fail. While not all common resources markets are of the kind contemplated by Coase they share many relevant characteristics. Further, the economic literature on private governance arrangements for the commons has found it necessary to step beyond the strict marginalist methodologies of Coasean economics and look more broadly to the historical, biological and social motivations for human cooperation.