cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Military force structure and realignment: “sharpening the edge” through dynamic simulation

A unique approach is developed for analyzing force structures of the armed forces of the United States. With this approach new ways of measuring combat readiness are available to ensure that the armed forces remain ready to fight during the defense drawdown of the 1990s. As part of the approach, a symbolic network representative language was developed which combines the continuous variable features of system dynamics and the discrete event features of conventional simulation techniques. This network representative language, referred to as Dynamic Simulation (DYNASIM), is built to integrate with the network SLAMSYSTEM environment. The contribution of this research is a prescribed method for the strategic analyst to develop an influence diagram which can be used to analyze force structures within the combat logistics domain. DYNASIM's format structure enables the user to focus attention on the development of the model, rather than the computational aspects of simulation.
Formulation of the coupled electrochemical–mechanical boundary-value problem, with applications to transport of multiple charged species

Abstract A framework is presented that treats the combined effects of nonlinear elastic deformation, lattice constraints, and electrochemical potentials. The electro-chemo-mechanical diffusion potential is derived, and the particular case where ionic species are subject to a crystal lattice constraint is also derived. By combining energy balance and local entropy production, the framework provides a consistent method to treat the evolution of charged species which also carry anelastic deformations in a crystal lattice. The framework is used to derive a finite element formulation that applies to general cases of interest for diffusion of active species in battery electrodes and in fuel cells. We demonstrate the application of the finite element formulation with two cases: ambipolar diffusion and kinetic demixing. The predicted system response demonstrates how mechanical effects cannot be disregarded, even in the presence of dominant electrostatic forces acting on ion transport. A cation rich surface layer is predicted when elastic forces, due to Vegard's stress, participate in the migration of defects in a multicomponent oxides. Simulations show how stress plays a central role in the cation segregation to interfaces, a phenomenon regarded as critical to power and durability of solid oxide fuel cells.
Magnetic characteristics of CeAl3, and CeAl4

Abstract The magnetic properties of hexagonal CeAl3 and orthorhombic CeAl4 between 2.2 and 300°K are reported and discussed in detail. Both of these compounds exhibited deviations from Curie-Weiss behavior at low temperatures. These deviations are attributed to a combination of crystal field and exchange interactions. Detailed crystal field calculations are presented for CeAl3 which indicate an overall splitting of 280°K. These calculations take into account the compressed nature of the hexagonal lattice in CeAl3, a feature which introduces a second order term into the crystalline potential. Using this model and making suitable allowances for exchange interactions, it is possible to compute the susceptibility from Van Vleck's equation. The computed and experimental curves agree within 1 per cent over the entire temperature range. Detailed calculations for CeAl4 are not possible at present because of uncertainties in the crystal symmetry; however, the saturation moment of this compound can be attributed to a large crystal field interaction which leaves only the low lying Kramer's appreciably populated below the transition temperature.
Long-term Survival Based on the Surgical Approach to Lobectomy For Clinical Stage I Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer: Comparison of Robotic, Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery, and Thoracotomy Lobectomy.

Objective:To compare the long-term outcomes among robotic, video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS), and open lobectomy in stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Background:Survival comparisons between robotic, VATS, and open lobectomy in NSCLC have not yet been reported. Some studies have suggeste
COMPARISON OF DISPERSION CURVES ACQUIRED USING MULTICHANNEL ANALYSIS OF SURFACE WAVES WITH VARIOUS STRIKER PLATE CONFIGURATIONS

Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) was utilized to determine the onedimensional (1D) shear wave velocity profile at a site in the Philadelphia metropolitan area. During data acquisition, we utilized a number of striker plate configurations, including a 25.4 mm (1.0 in) aluminum plate, a 25.4 mm (1.0 in) aluminum plate over additional rubber mats of various thicknesses, and multiple ultra-high-molecular-weight (UHMW) polyethylene plates of various thicknesses. The purpose of this testing was to examine the performance of each configuration, particularly at the low frequency range of the dispersion results. Aluminum plates are routinely used in a large number of MASW studies. UHMW polyethylene is often recommended to increase low frequency energy of the surface wave relative to aluminum. However, UHMW polyethylene is more prone to wear. An aluminum plate resting on rubber matting would increase resistance to wear and could potentially offer similar low frequency performance, as examined in this study. This paper presents the site conditions, hardware configurations, and testing procedures, followed by a discussion of data analysis and interpretation.
A Source of Error in Phenylketonuria Screening

The escalating number of blood specimens from late-fed premature or very sick newborns greatly increases the risk of missing the diagnosis of phenylketonuria (PKU). Babies receiving antibiotics have uninterpretable "clear-zone" results with the traditional Guthrie bacteriologic inhibition assay (BIA). For the past year the authors have reexamined the blood phenylalanine level on specimens giving the "clear-zone" effect by BIA by use of the McCaman-Robins chemical-fluorescent assay (CFA). Spuriously high blood phenylalanine levels occurred in four babies who were receiving ampicillin and whose specimens were collected on filter paper and autoclaved in preparation for the BIA. None of the babies proved to have PKU. The fluorescent interference caused by ampicillin resulted from the heat of autoclaving the specimen. The authors recommend that the blood specimen should not be autoclaved before analysis by either BIA or CFA.
Assessment of Microwave Permittivity for Detecting Fruit Maturity

Permittivity measurements from 0.2 to 20 GHz were taken on fresh peaches of three varieties at three stages of maturity during the growing season to determine whether dielectric properties might be correlated with maturity. Other physical properties of the peach tissue, such as density, moisture content, firmness, and total soluble solids content, were also determined. Two indices, based on dielectric constant and loss factor values at 0.2 and 10 GHz were found to correlate with stage of maturity, but they were dependent on the variety, and further study is necessary to determine their practical usefulness.
Intervention by Invitation

States have frequently justified interventions in internal armed conflicts by claiming they were invited to assist one of the belligerent parties. In most cases the invitation is said to come from the government. Much less frequently states rely on an invitation from a rebel group fighting against the government. As a general matter, invitations from governments provide a lawful basis for intervention and invitations by rebel groups do not. The ICJ affirmed this dichotomous view of intervention by invitation in its 1986 Nicaragua opinion and has not been contradicted by any leading authority since.But the Nicaragua formulation is rife with problems. Some are of long-standing. In a situation where rebels control a substantial portion of national territory, can the government still issue an invitation on behalf of the state? The traditional effective control principle is of little help in that situation. Are the two sides then equivalent to two states at war, meaning third parties can give assistance to either? Or must third parties abstain from aiding either side on the theory that neither can legitimately speak for the state?More recently, the question has arisen whether there should be a qualitative evaluation of the party issuing the invitation. This follows on the rise of democratic legitimacy principles in disputes over recognition of governments. Should an invitation by a government or rebel group be judged, at least in part, by the democratic bona fides of the issuing party? The Security Council’s experiences with invitations in the Haiti, Sierra Leone, Cote D’Ivoire and Malawi suggest that such qualitative determinations are entering international law for the first time. But the precedents have important limitations, notably the presence of the Security Council at virtually every stage. Invitations untethered from collective determinations about the merits of the requesting party carry a real danger of rampant unilateralism, especially if they come from rebel forces. This is perhaps the reason the Nicaragua opinion set out a rule devoid of any nuance. As the Court warned, “it is difficult to see what would remain of the principle of non-intervention in international law if intervention, which is already allowable at the request of the government of a state, were also to be allowed at the request of the opposition. This would permit any state to intervene at any moment in the internal affairs of another state.”
Consumer markets for remanufactured and refurbished products

Consumer product returns in the United States are approaching three-hundred billion dollars annually. In the majority of cases, the returned products are perfectly functional convenience returns. Managers have a multi-billion dollar profit opportunity to reuse the products by strategically employing remanufacturing. Yet, remanufacturing has multiple barriers that must be understood and addressed. This article addresses several key managerial issues regarding remanufactured consumer products. First, will consumers buy remanufactured products? Second, will the green consumer segment desire remanufactured products? Third, will remanufactured product sales cannibalize new product sales? Finally, this article provides guidance regarding pricing and cannibalization mitigation strategies.
Idiopathic Granulomatous Hypophysitis Masquerading as a Pituitary Adenoma: Are There Reliable Diagnostic Criteria?

To review the clinical presentation of granulomatous hypophysitis (GrH) masquerading as a pituitary macroadenoma. To discuss the differential diagnosis of hypophysitis. To understand treatment options for GrH at initial presentation and recommendations for long-term management.
Activation of Group III mGluRs Inhibits GABAergic and Glutamatergic Transmission in the Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata

The GABAergic projection neurons of the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) exert an important influence on the initiation and control of movement. The SNr is a primary output nucleus of the bas...
Prevention of the Post-Thrombotic Syndrome

Post-thrombotic syndrome frequently affects patients following deep vein thrombosis. The clinical signs and symptoms of post-thrombotic syndrome reflect the underlying pathophysiology of venous obstruction, venous reflux as well as acute and chronic inflammation. Patients with post-thrombotic syndrome are at risk for long-term consequences including decreased quality of life, lost work productivity, and increased health expenditures. Unfortunately, despite recognition of pathophysiology and the clinical, physical, and economic impact of PTS, there have been few advances in prevention. PTS continues to be a frustrating condition to both prevent and manage. Preventing post-thrombotic syndrome begins with preventing deep vein thrombosis. In the setting of acute deep vein thrombosis—using available medical therapies to prevent the development of post-thrombotic syndrome is imperative. Patients should be provided optimal medical therapy with anticoagulation, maintaining therapeutic anticoagulation as much of the time as possible. Use of compression stockings, while contentious, are a low risk intervention which may provide benefit and are unlikely to be associated with harm. In the appropriate patient, considering endovenous procedures to decrease the thrombus burden and provide optimal preservation of venous valve function may be warranted.
Production of Monoclonal Antibodies Directed Against Developmentally-Regulated Protoplast Antigens

The transfer of protoplasts prepared from photoautotrophic tissues into growth media results in the development of a heterotrophic growth mode. This mode is characterized by the synthesis of a new spectrum of proteins and enzymatic activities required for this major shift in metabolic activity. These include the resynthe-sis of a cell wall (2), which requires the presence of enzymes responsible for polysaccharide biosynthesis, the initiation of the cell cycle (1,3) which requires fundamental changes in cellular metabolism coordinated with the various phases of the cycle and finally the precisely-controlled disappearance of intact chloroplasts and of chlorophyll, which requires the coordination of mechanisms of intracellular degradation.
Noninfectious Inflammatory and Systemic Diseases Affecting the Stomach

Like the rest of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the stomach is affected by a variety of inflammatory and systemic diseases that may or may not have primary manifestations elsewhere in the body. Some of these, like autoimmune atrophic gastritis, involve relatively specific changes in the stomach, while others, like lymphocytic gastritis, are a single morphologic manifestation that can be caused by a variety of different conditions. Thus, this chapter presents a bit of a potpourri of diseases and histological patterns that provide interesting (and sometimes striking) microscopic appearances but which do not fit well into any of the other chapters in this section.
Effects of Goats on Understory Vegetation and Fire Hazard Reduction in a Coastal Forest in California

Les effets du pâturage des chevres sur l'utilisation du sous-etage et la reduction des risques d'incendies ont ete etudies sur une surface de 1 ha de foret a Pinus radiata et a Eucalyptus camuldulensis et sur 1 ha de Pare-feu adjacent. La repartition et la consommation du fourrage par les chevres sont etudiees en fonction de la hauteur
On the malware propagation in heterogeneous networks

The paper presents results of a study of malware spreading in heterogeneous networks using epidemiological modeling framework. The model is one of the first to incorporate heterogeneity among the three components of the network: software, hardware and network type. This model also allows for both cyber and non-cyber-related impact on the mission. The unified approach taken in this study aggregates and extends models of malware spreading that either do not account for network heterogeneity or allow for heterogeneity within one component, e.g. software. A system of ordinary differential equations is solved numerically to identify temporal dependence of the number of vulnerable and compromised devices of different types. Parametrization of the model assumes multiple factors, including infection rate depending on number of common devices, software to execute common types of shared files, and frequency of synchronization. We conducted sensitivity analysis to identify the range of parameters critical to behavior of the system. The paper concludes with a discussion of future extension of the model allowing for incorporation of human factors, uncertainty, and spatial and temporal components describing dynamic changes during an active mission (e.g. network size, reconfiguration).
On identity and sport conduct of student-athletes: Considering athletic and academic contexts

Abstract Objectives Academics and athletics constitute two important and dominant social contexts that shape and develop student-athletes’ motivation, achievement, and conduct. The current study considered the academic and athletic contexts within which student-athletes live, achieve, and thrive to examine whether identity predicted sport conduct directly and indirectly through achievement goals. Design : A cross-sectional design was used. Method : Undergraduate varsity student-athletes ( N = 1151, 55.8% males) from nine NCAA Division I institutions completed questionnaires assessing academic and athletic identity, athletic task and ego orientation, academic mastery and performance goals, and the three dimensions of sport conduct (sportspersonship, gamesmanship, and instrumental aggression). Results : Multilevel structural equation modeling indicated the following: Athletic identity negatively predicted sportspersonship and positively predicted instrumental aggression. Task goal orientation enhanced the magnitude of the negative relationship between athletic identity and sportspersonship (played a role of suppressor). Positive indirect relationships through ego goal and mastery goal were found between athletic identity and gamesmanship. Opposing indirect relationships through task and ego, and mastery goals were found between athletic identity and instrumental aggression. Academic identity positively predicted sportspersonship and negatively predicted gamesmanship. Negative indirect relationships through mastery goal emerged between academic identity and gamesmanship, and between academic identity and instrumental aggression. Conclusions : Academic and athletic identity can predict sport conduct, and achievement goals partially explain these predictions. The findings highlight that academic context may play a salient role in regulating ethical sport conduct of student-athletes.
PW-class Laser Operation at 3.3 Hz and High Contrast Ultra-intense λ=400 nm Beamline

We demonstrated 0.85PW, 30fs pulses at a repetition rate of 3.3Hz from a Ti:Sapphire laser. Ultra-high contrast λ=400 nm fs pulses were generated with > 40% efficiency and focused to an intensity of 6.5×1021W/cm2.
Income and Self-Rated Mental Health: Diminished Returns for High Income Black Americans.

Background: The minorities’ diminished return theory suggests that socioeconomic position (SEP) generates smaller health gains for racial/ethnic minorities compared to Whites. The current study was a Black–White comparison of the association between household income and self-rated mental health (SRMH). Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the 2017 State of the State Survey (SOSS). With representative sampling, the SOSS generates results that are generalizable to the state of Michigan. This study included 881 adults, (n = 92) Black and (n = 782) White. The independent variable was household income. The dependent variable was SRMH, measured using a single item. Age, gender, and participation in the labor force were covariates. Race/ethnicity was the focal moderator. Logistic regression models were used for data analysis. Results: Overall, higher household income was associated with better SRMH, net of covariates. An interaction was found between race/ethnicity and household income on SRMH, suggesting a smaller, or nonexistent, protective effect for Blacks compared to Whites. In race/ethnicity-stratified models, higher household income was associated with better SRMH for Whites but not Blacks. Conclusion: Supporting the minorities’ diminished return theory, our study documents differential effects for income on SRHM for Blacks and Whites, where Whites but not Blacks appear to benefit from their income. Given this, researchers and policy makers are cautioned against making assumptions that racial groups benefit equally from similar economic resources.
Enhancing Literacy Instruction for Fluent Readers in the Early Elementary Grades

Local school districts are under pressure to have elementary reading teachers understand how phonics, during teacher-led small group literacy instruction, can help students who read below grade level. Elementary teachers need research-based strategies regarding which reading instructions of letter-sound components are necessary to help students with daily reading. This study was grounded in social-cognitive theory. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to examine why students who are already grade level readers need to receive this additional literacy instruction. The primary research question focused on whether or not elementary students reading at grade level should continue to receive teacher-led small group literacy instruction, including phonics, throughout the school year. Data were collected from 12 elementary teachers, who completed a survey regarding their views towards literacy instruction, from 4 of those teachers who participated in semi-structured face-to-face interviews and classroom observations, and documents. Themes were developed using qualitative case study analysis. Findings revealed that instruction in reading fluency and letter or sound development improved students’ reading fluency. Teachers and school administrators at the data site and teacher organizations may benefit from having an awareness of the benefits of additional letter-sound instruction for grade 2 students. The awareness of the benefits of additional letter-sound instruction has implications for positive social change by increasing grade 2 students’ reading fluency.
Integration of Phase Distribution from Gamma-Ray Tomography Technique with Monolith Reactor Scale Modeling

Abstract In this work, a monolith reactor model was developed to study the effect of phase distribution on the performance of the monolith reactors by integrating phase distribution data from the experiments. To obtain the phase distribution at the reactions conditions, gamma ray computed tomography (CT) was used. Effect of gas density, surface tension of liquid and operating conditions on the phase distribution were studied using gamma-ray computed tomography. Experiments were conducted in Taylor flow regime. With the increase in gas density, uniformity increases. Surface tension has little effect on the distribution in the investigated conditions. Liquid with lower surface tension and gas with lower density has higher cross-sectional liquid saturation. Further, the monolith reactor model with uniform phase distribution and actual distribution were compared. It was found that at higher velocities both gives the same reactor performance irrespective of the maldistribution, however at low velocities, they differ significantly due to the maldistribution. If the maldistribution is present at both low and high velocities, catalyst utilization plays a major role, thus it is recommended to operate at higher velocities where catalyst utilization is high due to high mass transfer.
The RNA binding protein HuR influences skeletal muscle metabolic flexibility in rodents and humans.

Background Metabolic flexibility can be assessed by changes in respiratory exchange ratio (RER) following feeding. Though metabolic flexibility (difference in RER between fasted and fed state) is often impaired in individuals with obesity or type 2 diabetes, the cellular processes contributing to this impairment are unclear. Materials and methods From several clinical studies we identified the 16 most and 14 least metabolically flexible male and female subjects out of >100 participants based on differences between 24-hour and sleep RER measured in a whole-room indirect calorimeter. Global skeletal muscle gene expression profiles revealed that, in metabolically flexible subjects, transcripts regulated by the RNA binding protein, HuR, are enriched. We generated and characterized mice with a skeletal muscle-specific knockout of the HuR encoding gene, Elavl1 (HuRm-/-). Results Male, but not female, HuRm-/- mice exhibit metabolic inflexibility, with mild obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fat oxidation and decreased in vitro palmitate oxidation compared to HuRfl/fl littermates. Expression levels of genes involved in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation are decreased in both mouse and human muscle when HuR is inhibited. Conclusions HuR inhibition results in impaired metabolic flexibility and decreased lipid oxidation, suggesting a role for HuR as an important regulator of skeletal muscle metabolism.
Impact of Malnutrition on Outcomes Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (from a National Cohort).

Malnutrition is associated with increased mortality in open cardiac surgery, but its impact on transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is unknown. This study utilized the National Readmissions Database to evaluate the impact of malnutrition on mortality, complications, length of stay (LOS), 30-day readmission, and total charges following TAVI. Adult patients undergoing isolated TAVI for severe aortic stenosis were identified using the 2011 to 2016 National Readmissions Database, which accounts for 56.6% of all US hospitalizations. The malnourished cohort included patients with nutritional neglect, cachexia, protein calorie malnutrition, postsurgical nonabsorption, weight loss, and underweight status. Multivariable models were utilized to evaluate the impact of malnutrition on selected outcomes. Of 105,603 patients, 5,280 (5%) were malnourished. Malnourished patients experienced greater mortality (10.4% vs 2.2%, p
Skeletides: A Modular, Simplified Physical Model of Protein Secondary Structure

Three-dimensional (3D) models are essential for visualization and conceptual understanding of complex architectures such as protein structure. Although there is a plethora of software platforms tha...
Histones and histone modifications of retina conditions and disorders

Retina conditions and disorders, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and retinal or choroidal tumors, are relevant diseases to retinal neurons and vasculatures. Although genetic factors such as gene mutation and single nucleotide polymorphisms cause changes of gene expression and involve in the pathogenesis of certain retinal diseases, the alteration of gene expression can be observed without changing the genome sequences under the external or internal stimuli. This epigenetic role, especially histones and its modification, has been considered as a part of mechanisms of those diseases described above. Current advances have drawn our attentions to this field in both pathological and therapeutical challenges of retinal diseases. Key words: Histones; Histone modification; Histone methylation; Histone acetylation; Retinal diseases
Who Dreams of Badges? Gendered Self-Concept and Policing Career Aspirations:

National Institute of Justice’s Policing Research Plan (2017–2022) highlights the need to understand factors that attract diverse candidates. We explored whether college students had ever considere...
You've Met Your Match: Using Culturally Relevant Pairing to Cultivate Mentoring Relationships during the Early Practicum Experience of Community College Preservice Teachers.

This work explores mentoring triad relationships between pre-service teachers, school-based cooperating teachers, and professors at a community college. Using cultural historical activity theory, w...
Three-nucleon transfer to mirror states in 17 O and 17 F

The highly selective reactions $^{14}\mathrm{N}$($^{6}\mathrm{Li}$, $^{3}\mathrm{He}$)$^{17}\mathrm{O}$ and $^{14}\mathrm{N}(^{16}\mathrm{Li},t)^{17}\mathrm{F}$ have been used to populate mirror states below 7 MeV in $^{17}\mathrm{O}$ and $^{17}\mathrm{F}$. Negative-parity states are populated much more strongly than positive-parity states. The strongest state observed in $^{17}\mathrm{F}$ is a new state at ${E}_{x}=5.220\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.01$ MeV, which is identified as the mirror of the 5.217-MeV state in $^{17}\mathrm{O}$.
Thrift Television in South Korea: The Long Recession and the Financial Makeover of Female Consumers in Homo Economicus (EBS):

This article explores South Korean “thrift” television by examining Homo Economicus (EBS), a reality TV show that challenged participants to save ten thousand dollars in six months with guidance fr...
Factors Associated with the Type of Cesarean Section in Greece and Their Correlation with International Guidelines.

Background Cesarean section (CS) rates have been increasing worldwide with different effects on maternal and neonatal health. Factors responsible for the growing trend of CSs, include maternal characteristics, medical insurance and convenient scheduling or financial incentives. Effective interventions and guidelines are required to reduce CS rates. Objective The aim of this research was to investigate the factors contributing to CS rate increase and their correlation with international guidelines. Methods The performed analysis included the available socio-demographic and medical information retrieved from the medical records and a related questionnaire in both emergency and elective CSs. Results Out of the included 633 births, the cesarean delivery rate was 58%. Women with a previous CS showed higher percentages for Elective CS (66.1%) compared to Emergency CSs for the same reasons (8.9%). Furthermore, 23% of the patients underwent an Emergency CS because of failure of labor to progress while 18% of CSs were due to maternal desire. Conclusion The high rates of CS in Greece demonstrate the lack of use of international obstetric protocols, national strategies, Cesarean Section audits and a significant shortage of midwives. A decrease in iatrogenic and non-iatrogenic factors leading to the primary CS will decrease CS rates.
581 The Effects of the COVID Pandemic on Burn Clinic

Introduction The COVID19 pandemic has led to anxiety and fears for the general public People were concerned about coming to a medical facility where the virus might be transmitted Furthermore, stay-at-home orders that were implemented during the pandemic did not apply to clinic visits but contributed to people staying at home even for medical care We hypothesized that there were delays in burn care due to the pandemic Methods We queried our clinic data for number of clinic visits and new burn evaluations by month Patients referred to our clinic from March 15, 2020 to Sept 15, 2020 were reviewed for time of presentation after injury Days from injury date to clinic referral date and days from clinic referral date to appointment date were calculated Patients who were referred but did not show and were not seen in our ED were not included because injury date could not be determined Univariate analysis was performed Results As seen in Figure 1, our in-person clinic volume decreased in April and May 2020 but rebounded in June 2020 as compared to the number of clinic visits for the same months last year Similarly, in Figure 2, our new burn evaluations decreased in April and May 2020 compared to our new burn volume from 2019 However, our video telehealth visits increased in March and April then decreased in June-August Conclusions Our burn clinic remained open to see patients with burn injury throughout the pandemic, however, clinic visits were delayed early in the pandemic While we had an increase in video telehealth, it does not account for the decrease in clinic visits This may be due to low enrollment in the electronic medical record encrypted communication platform and/or limited knowledge/access to the technology Additional care may have been informally given via telephone but not well captured Furthermore, burn care was delivered in the following months Additional investigation is necessary to see if the incidence of burn injury decreased
Changes in Rates of Inpatient Postpartum Long-Acting Reversible Contraception and Sterilization in the USA, 2012-2016.

To examine recent rates of long-acting and permanent methods (LAPM) of contraception use during delivery hospitalization and correlates of their use. A retrospective cohort study utilizing the 2012–2016 National Inpatient Sample of hospitalizations in the United States of America. The International Classification of Diseases, 9th and 10th Revision, Clinical Modification codes were used to identify deliveries, inpatient long-acting reversible contraception (IPP LARC), and postpartum tubal ligation (PPTL). We conducted univariable and multivariable logistic regression to examine associations between demographic, clinical, hospital and geographical characteristics with likelihood of LAPM including IPP LARC and PPTL. Our sample included 3,642,328 unweighted deliveries. The rate of IPP LARC increased from 34.6 to 54.9 per 10,000 deliveries (58.7%), while the rate of PPTL utilization decreased from 719.5 to 671.8 per 10,000 deliveries (6.6%) over the study period. In multivariable analysis of LAPM utilization versus neither, cesarean delivery (aOR 7.25, 95% CI 7.08–7.43) was associated with greater utilization. Native American (aOR 4.01, 95% CI 2.91–5.53) race was associated with increased use of IPP LARC compared to a non-long-acting method of contraception. Age between 18 and 29 years (aOR 6.21, 95% CI 5.42–7.11) was associated with greater use of IPP LARC versus PPTL. Delivering in a rural hospital ((aOR 0.09, 95% CI 0.06–0.12) and cesarean delivery (aOR 0.09, 95% CI 0.06–0.12) were associated with greater use PPTL versus IPP LARC. The IPP LARC rate remains at less than 10% the PPTL rates in our study timeframe. The demonstrated variation in uptake of highly effective methods of contraception inpatient after delivery offer possible opportunities for better understanding and improvement in access.
The clientele effect around the turn of the year: evidence from the bond markets

Studying the returns of US Treasury, corporate, and municipal (muni) bonds at the index level over 2004-2020, I find a strong turn-of-the-year effect – low December returns and high January returns – in the high-yield muni index. The investment-grade muni index exhibits a similar but weaker effect. High-yield munis is the only class whose December returns are negatively correlated with year-to-date yield changes. Dominance of highly tax-sensitive households who engage in tax-loss selling, combined with opaqueness, low liquidity, and a small role of ETFs in munis make it difficult to arbitrage away the December price decreases. The investment-grade and high-yield corporate bond indices have abnormally high December returns in years with capital losses. The high-yield corporate index also has abnormally high December returns even in years without capital losses. It represents a change from the findings of prior research and suggests that corporate bond investors exhibit contrarian tendencies in December.
Evaluation of a high-throughput deorphanization strategy to identify cytochrome p450s important for odor degradation in Drosophila

Abstract Members of the cytochrome p450 (CYP) enzyme family are abundantly expressed in insect olfactory tissues, where they are thought to act as Odorant Degrading Enzymes (ODEs). However, their contribution to olfactory signaling in vivo is poorly understood. This is due in part to the challenge of identifying which of the dozens of antennal-expressed CYPs might inactivate a given odorant. Here, we tested a high-throughput deorphanization strategy in Drosophila to identify CYPs that are transcriptionally induced by exposure to a plant volatile. We discovered three CYPs selectively upregulated by the odorant using transcriptional profiling. Although these CYPs are shown to be broadly expressed in the antenna in non-neuronal cells, electrophysiological recordings from CYP mutants did not reveal any changes in olfactory neuron responses to the odorant. Neurons were desensitized by pre-exposing flies to the odorant, but this effect was similar in CYP mutants. Together, our data suggest that this transcriptomic approach may not be useful for identifying CYPs that contribute to olfactory signaling. We go on to show that some CYPs have highly restricted expression patterns in the antenna, and suggest that such CYPs may be useful candidates for further studies on olfactory CYP function.
Partial reset: An inexpensive design for testability approach

A design for testability (DFT) method called partial reset is studied. Reset lines are added to a subset of the flip-flops. partial reset improves the fault coverage of sequential circuit, on the average, by 15% over the fault coverage of the original circuit. This approach has lower overhead in terms of test application time and hardware area when compared to scan techniques. This method has been tested on the 1989 ISCAS sequential benchmark circuits and favorable results have been obtained. >
Chapter 16 The Study of Dynamically Averaged Vibrational Spectroscopy of Atmospherically Relevant Clusters Using Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics in Conjunction with Quantum Wavepackets

Abstract The ab initio atom-centered density matrix propagation (ADMP) and the quantum wavepacket ab initio molecular dynamics (QWAIMD) computational methods are briefly described. Studies on vibrational and electronic properties obtained utilizing these methods are highlighted.
A versatile 60 GHz CMOS phased-array transmitter chipset for broadband radio-over-fiber systems

A versatile 60-GHz phased-array transmitter chipset is developed in a 90-nm CMOS technology for broadband radio-over-fiber (RoF) applications. The chipset consists of a 60-GHz transmitter and a 60-GHz RF beamformer. The optical part of the system is implemented using commercial components. The up conversion of the 60-GHz RoF can be processed using all-optical approach with the beamformer to provide the phased-array function. It can also be realized with an optical/electrical hybrid approach, which a digital baseband signal is carried via the fiber and up converted by the 60-GHz transmitter, and the beamformer can still be applied for the optional phased-array function. This 60-GHz transmitter chipset is well-suited for millimeter-wave RoF communication systems.
Djuna Barnes's Nightwood and Decadent Style

In this article, I treat the question of Djuna Barnes's debt to decadent aesthetics. Reviewing and synthesizing critical engagement with Barnesian decadence from the 30s through the present, I suggest that decadent style for Barnes should be understood as primarily a function of her ornate similes, which sever tenor from vehicle. Furthermore, I read Barnes's stylistic archaisms – her masterful plundering of past idioms, from Chaucer to Donne to Burton – in terms of decadent and aestheticist fascination with the rhythms of the past. Taking my cue from Carolyn Williams on Pater, I dub Barnes's method “decadent historicism.” Finally, reviewing some of the more recent scholarship on Barnes, I look at Nightwood's animal imagery and its link to degeneration theory, decadence's scientistic shadow.
Fidelity and Fairness: Mulieris Dignitatem’s Wisdom Relating to Marital Commitments, Covenants, Contractual Relationships and the Roman Catholic Church

In secular terms, a contract is a “promise, or set of promises, for breach of which the law gives a remedy, or the performance of which the law in some way recognizes as a duty.” In a spiritual context, the contract of marriage is both a covenant and a sacrament between a man and a woman, with inherent obligations of fidelity – the commitment to promise keeping – and to fairness – the commitment to giving from one spouse to the other their due and to equitably allocate the marital resources. With other covenants and contractual relationships guided by faith and reason, there too exists a similar commitment to fidelity and fairness.This note will illuminate the clarity, wisdom, and beauty expressed in the Roman Catholic Church’s magisterium relating to marital commitments, covenants, and contractual relationships, so inspirationally expressed by His Holiness Pope John Paul II in his Apostolic Letter – Mulieris Dignitatem – On The Dignity And Vocation Of Women. In so doing, the Supreme Pontiff acted in his capacity of magister, or teacher, fulfilling a duty towards the people of God to enlighten them, so they might serve each other, and serve the Word itself, especially in relations between men and women.
Multiple target tracking with symmetric measurement equations using unscented Kalman and particle filters

The symmetric measurement equation approach to multiple target tracking is revisited using unscented Kalman and particle filters. The characteristics and performance of these filters are compared to the original symmetric measurement equation implementation relying upon an extended Kalman filter. Counter-intuitive results are presented and explained for two sets of symmetric measurement equations, including a previously unknown limitation of the unscented Kalman filter. The point is made that the performance of the SME approach is dependent on the interaction of the set of SME equations and the filter used.
GAP management status and regional indicators of threats to biodiversity

Conservation assessment requires quantitative criteria for evaluating the relative degree of threat faced by species or ecological communities. Identifying appropriate criteria for communities is complicated because the species inhabiting them can have many different responses to land uses and other forms of environmental stress. The Gap Analysis Program (GAP) uses summary data on the proportion of the community that is protected as an estimate of its vulnerability. Management status from a gap analysis of California was compared with three ecological indicators (permitted land uses, human population growth, and the spatial extent of road effects) that more directly represent impacts on biodiversity. The classification of management status appears to provide a crude first approximation of these three indicators. Public and private lands that are not formally protected were susceptible to extensive land use conversion or resource extraction in both rural and urban settings. Some plant community types are more susceptible to future infringement by human population increases that were not well predicted by management status alone. Other community types have a high road density despite being moderately well protected. It is suggested that indicators such as future growth and current road effects could complement status in rating the potential vulnerability of plant communities and setting conservation priorities. The choice of indicators will depend on the threatening processes in a given region and the availability of spatial data to map or model them.
Linear systems toolbox: system analysis and control design in the matlab environment

The software package linear system toolbox in Matlab is described. The Linear Systems Toolbox is aimed at providing some commonly used system analysis functions which are either not available or not reliable in other software packages. This tool box contains about 50 functions. It includes, among other functions, the computation of geometric subspaces and the invariant zeros, the inner-outer factorization of a linear system, the determination of the infinite zero structures, Morse's and Saberi's indices and strong stability, and the solutions to the decoupling and squaring down problems. Some examples are included to demonstrate the use of the tool box. >
Electrochemical study of nanoporous gold revealing anti-biofouling properties

Nanoporous gold (NPG) has remarkable catalytic activity and biocompatibility and could potentially be used in biomedical devices. Herein, we have assessed the long term effects of biofouling on NPG interface. Nanoporoes (25 nm) in gold electrode are fabricated using a de-alloying treatment resulting in an 18 fold increase in surface area as compared to the planar gold. The effects of biofouling on the planar gold interface were evidenced by the rapid decrease in faradaic current to 55% in just eight minutes of incubation in 2 mg ml−1 of bovine serum albumin (BSA). On the other hand NPG showed barely any decline in the peak current when incubated in a similar biofouling solution. NPG upon incubation in a solution of higher concentration of BSA showed immediate peak current degradation which was subsequently recovered when the electrode was left idle in the biofouling solution. For instance, the peak current regenerated from (60% to 80%) when left idle for 60 minutes in 16 mg ml−1 of BSA solution. The regeneration mechanism indicated that even after long term incubation in the biofouling solution, the accumulated organic layer on its interface is not impervious and allows the diffusion of small analytes molecules. Thereby, NPG could be used in biomedical devices such as biosensor or drug reservoir.
1-Cyclo-hexyl-2-(3-fur-yl)-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C18H18N2O3, contains two mol­ecules. The fused rings of both mol­ecules are almost planar, with dihedral angles of 3.1 (1) and 2.8 (2)° between the fused rings. The furan rings are rotated by 43.85 (15) and −21.07 (9)° with respect to the planes of the attached bnzimidazole systems. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into infinite chains by inter­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds.
Efficacy and safety of transulnar coronary angiography and interventions—A single center experience

Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and long-term safety of transulnar approach in complex coronary interventions. Background The success rate of transulnar approach in complex coronary interventions and its long-term safety remains to be proven. Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients undergoing transulnar coronary angiography and interventions at our institution from January 2004 through July 2009. Primary endpoint of the study was the success rate of the procedure. Secondary endpoints were major bleeding, local vascular and neurological complications, cerebrovascular accident (CVA)/transient ischemic attack (TIA), myocardial infarction (MI), all-cause mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) rate that was a composite of MI, CVA/TIA, and all-cause mortality. Results Of 81 patients undergoing transulnar approach, 41 (50.6%) patients underwent intervention on 65 lesions. Twelve percent of the interventions were performed on coronary bypass grafts and 9.2% on the left main coronary artery. Success rates for transulnar access, coronary angiography, and coronary/bypass graft interventions were 93.8%, 100%, and 92.6%, respectively. Follow-up data was available on 71 patients at short term (30 days) and 58 patients at long term (1 year). At 30-day follow-up, vascular complication rate was 2.8 %. At 1-year follow-up, there were no residual deficits from vascular or neurological complications associated with the index procedure and the overall MACE rate was 3.4%. Conclusion In this first study evaluating long-term safety and feasibility of transulnar coronary angiography and complex coronary interventions, we conclude that transulnar approach appears to be safe and effective. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Distinguishing between Unorganized and Organized Convection When Examining Land–Atmosphere Relationships

In this study, the robustness of a previously developed classification system that categorizes convective thunderstorm events initiated during various synoptic and dynamic conditions is analyzed. This classification system was used to distinguish between organized and unorganized convection and then used to determine whether unorganized convection occurs preferentially over wet or dry soils. The focus is on 12 events that occurred in synoptically benign (SB) environments where the Great Plains low-level jet was not present (noLLJ), and whether these events were accurately classified as unorganized convection is evaluated. Althoughthereis asmallsamplesize,the resultsshowthatthe classification systemfails todifferentiatebetween local unorganized convection and large-scale organized convection under SB‐noLLJ conditions. The authors conclude that past studies that have used this classification to study how soil moisture influences unorganized convection should be revisited. Additional variables and/or alternative precipitation datasets should be employed to enhance the robustness of the classification system.