cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Tissue-specific analogues of erythrocyte protein 4.1 retain functional domains.

Analogues of the human erythroid membrane skeletal component protein 4.1 have been identified in perfused rat tissues and human T and B lymphocyte cell lines, olyclonal antibodies were used which are specific for all domains of protein 4.1, the spectrin-actin-promoting 8-Kd peptide, the membrane-binding 30-Kd domain, and the 50-Kd domain. Antibody reactivity, by Western blotting of tissue homogenates, shows reactivity with proteins varying in molecular weight from 175 Kd to 30 Kd. Further, these protein 4.1 analogues appear to be expressed in a tissue-specific fashion. Of the analogues detected there appear to be at least three classes: analogues containing all erythroid protein 4.1 domains, analogues containing all domains but with modified antigenic epitopes, and analogues containing only some domains. Chemical cleavage at cysteine linkages indicates that in analogues containing the 30-Kd region the location of cysteine is highly conserved. This datum suggests that in nonerythroid 4.1 isoforms of higher molecular weight the additional protein mass is added to the amino terminal end (30 Kd end).
Singlet-triplet energy gaps for diradicals from fractional-spin density-functional theory.

Open-shell singlet diradicals are difficult to model accurately within conventional Kohn−Sham (KS) density-functional theory (DFT). These methods are hampered by spin contamination because the KS determinant wave function is neither a pure spin state nor an eigenfunction of the S2 operator. Here we present a theoretical foray for using single-reference closed-shell ground states to describe diradicals by fractional-spin DFT (FS-DFT). This approach allows direct, self-consistent calculation of electronic properties using the electron density corresponding to the proper spin eigenfunction. The resulting FS-DFT approach is benchmarked against diradical singlet−triplet gaps for atoms and small molecules. We have also applied FS-DFT to the singlet−triplet gaps of hydrocarbon polyacenes.
Determining the Elasticity of Short DNA Fragments using Optical Tweezers and Protein-Mediated DNA Loop Formation Assays

In the light of the recent controversy over whether DNA on short length scales becomes more elastic or not, we contribute two additional measurements that take sequence effects into account: We have directly stretched short DNA molecules of varying AT / CG content with optical tweezers to determine their persistence length. Scaling the result for known end-point entropic effects, we find a persistence length of 44±2nm and 59±3nm for the AT and CG rich constructs, respectively, but no appreciable overall softening, in line with our previous measurements that found no softening in DNA molecules as short as 250 bp. Secondly, we have used tethered particle motion (TPM) microscopy to observe protein-mediated DNA loop formation in the lactose repressor system with the same DNA constructs between the operators. While an absolute determination of the persistence length of the DNA from such kinetic measurements is notoriously difficult, as ongoing discussions of ring cyclization experiments by various groups suggest, we can unequivocally state that any sequence effect in these measurements is much smaller than what we found in the stretching experiments with the optical tweezers. This suggests two distinct response regimes of DNA to force: one for low curvatures commensurate with thermal forces, in which elastic-rod descriptions for the DNA hold and sequence effects are observed, and a second non-linear high curvature region in which elasticity is not sequence-dependent and likely dominated by the conformation of the phosphate backbone.
HYPEREOSINOPHILIC SYNDROME (HES) WITH CHROMOSOME 14 MARKER AND BONE MARROW LYMPHOBLASTS

The HES is characterized by persistent eosinophilia and significant organ damage and is likely of diverse etiology. The relationship of HES to leukemic disorders has been particularly difficult to clarify. We report a case of HES presenting with an eosinophil count in excess of 100,000/mm3, congestive heart failure and bone marrow - but not peripheral blood - lymphoblasts. Parasitic and isohemagglutinin titers were not elevated; IgE was normal. Bone marrow blasts were separated from eosinophils by density gradient and tested for cytologic, immunologic and chromosomal markers. Lymphoblasts possessing neither T nor B cell markers were identified. Quinacrine band fluorescence preparations disclosed that 86% of the metaphases from the bone marrow lymphoblasts contained an extra C group chromosome and a marker chromosome 14 (14 q+). Stimulated and unstimulated peripheral blood chromosomes were normal. Eosinophils and lymphoblasts disappeared under Vincristine, prednisone and 1-asp induction therapy. Chromosome 14 anomalies have been associated with other lymphoproliferative disorders, such as Burkitt's lymphoma, ataxia-telangiectasia and lymphosarcoma, but not myelo-proliferative states. Our results suggest that a “null cell” ALL-llke lymphoproliferative disorder with chromosome 14 marker can induce the HES.
Particle emission and related morphological changes occurring during the sublimation of graphitic carbons

Abstract The mechanism of particle emission from hot graphitic carbons was studied by the means of several heating and detection methods and by analysis of the emitted particles. The carbons studied are ATJS, Graph-I-Tite G, POCO-9Q, spectrographic rod, pyrolytic graphite and glassy carbon. All showed particulate mass loss in the range of 60–90% of the total mass loss. Generally, the results of this research are in accord with the conclusions of other investigators in that the mechanism of particulate mass loss for two-phase carbons is due mainly to preferential vaporization of the binder and the bursting of closed pores by entrapped gas. For single-phase carbons, the mechanism appears to involve undercutting resulting from inhomogenetities and the bursting of closed pores. Some of the graphitic material was transformed into linear carbon polymorphs, i.e. chaoite, carbon VI and α + β carbyne, and was emitted along with the graphitic particles. Data are cited that indicate that at ~3750°K particulate mass loss changes to mass loss as a result of the formation of liquid carbon.
Secondary production and energetics of the shrimp Caridina nilotica in Lake Victoria, East Africa: Model development and application

Measurements of body mass, carbon content, respiration, growth, and egestion are combined in a model of secondary production by the tropical freshwater shrimp Caridina. The model is developed to permit its direct application to empirical data for abundances and size frequency distributions of field populations. Model calculations combined with population data for offshore Lake Victoria over a period of two years indicate that Caridina consume the equivalent of 2.2% of annual lake primary production. Present net annual secondary production by the shrimp is an order of magnitude greater than the present fishery yield of the lake. Detritus-fed experimental organisms evidently had assimilation efficiencies as low as 10% by model calculation.
Evaluation of pediatric VCUG at an academic children’s hospital: is the radiographic scout image necessary?

There is heterogeneity in how pediatric voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) is performed. Some institutions, including our own, obtain a radiographic scout image prior to contrast agent instillation. To demonstrate that the radiographic scout image does not augment VCUG interpretation or contribute management-changing information but nonetheless carries a non-negligible effective dose. We evaluated 181 children who underwent VCUG in 2012, with an age breakdown of less than 1 year (56 children), 1–5 years (66 children), 6–10 years (43 children) and 11–18 years (16 children), with a mean age of 4.0 years. We investigated patient demographics, clinical indication for the examination, scout image findings and estimated effective radiation dose, as well as overall exam findings and impression. No clinically significant or management-changing findings were present on scout images, and no radiopaque urinary tract calculi or concerning incidental finding was identified. Scout image estimated effective radiation dose averaged 0.09 mSv in children younger than 1 y, 0.09 mSv in children age 1–5, 0.13 mSv in children age 6–10 and 0.18 mSv in children age 11–18. Total fluoroscopy time per examination averaged 36.7 s (range 34.8-39.6 s for all age group averages). Evaluation of known or suspected vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and urinary tract infection (UTI) were the most common clinical indications, stated in 40.9% and 37.0% of exams, respectively. Although the estimated effective dose is low for VCUG radiographic scout images, this step did not augment VCUG interpretation or contribute management-changing information. This step should be omitted or substituted to further reduce dose in pediatric VCUG.
Harmonic generation from ions in underdense aluminum and lithium–fluorine plasmas

High harmonic generation from laser interactions with preformed underdense plasmas was observed with subpicosecond ultraviolet laser pulses focused to intensities up to 1018 W/cm2. The generation of seventh and ninth harmonics from aluminum plasmas was measured as well as harmonics to the nineteenth order from lithium–fluorine plasmas. The harmonic generation efficiency measured in these experiments is less than that from previous experiments that used neutral gases.
Free-space optics supporting multi-user communications for wireless mesh networks

For free space optics to support multi user communications, multi-access schemes need to be incorporated. Conventional asynchronous optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) using optical orthogonal codes (OOCs) cannot deliver the required performance due to code interference, which sets a lower bound on the achievable bit error rate. Thus we introduce the use of complementary Walsh Hadamard codes as a promising solution to support synchronous OCDMA, capable of achieving required performance due to inherent interference cancellation, in addition to supporting a higher number of users while maintaining short code lengths, and alleviating some of the stringent requirements on the receiver hardware.
The Codes of Recognition

This paper is divided into two parts. Part I focuses on the manner in which the components of the face recognition system work together so that a perceiver, within several hundred milliseconds after seeing a familiar face, is able to both identify the face of the perceived and recall elements of the history of past encounters with the perceived. Face recognition plays a crucial role in enabling both human and nonhuman primates to interact in collaborative social groups. This critical function is accomplished through the unidirectional coded transfer of informational elements from one component to another. Although these informational elements themselves are not meaningful to the perceiving agent, they do nevertheless contain essential bits of information that are necessary for the final formation of the meaningful message. The structural components of the system are identified and the manner in which informational elements are coded and transferred sequentially from component to component in the brain of the perceiver is described. The independent, physically separated components in the face recognition system are bridged by an additional component, an “adaptor”, that mediates the transfer of informational elements from one component to another. The nature of the independent systems, and the manner by which the bridging or adaptor apparatus enables coded information transfer from one system to another is discussed. Part II focuses on the analysis of recognition in human-designed sign systems such as Braille and Morse code. Recognition in human-designed sign systems is notable for the stability of the link between sign and meaning. Face recognition is characterized as being subjective, indicating that the meaning of a sign (face) to a perceiver is variable and dependent on context, whereas human-devised sign recognition is characterized as being objective, indicating that the meaning of a sign is context independent and invariant. Human-designed sign systems require the presence in brain of a referent world. An example of a referent world is the set of letters of the alphabet. Representations of this set are installed in the brain through social mediated learning. Human-designed sets of signs (e.g., Braille, and written text) are created to correspond, via a code enabling adaptor structure, to referent worlds in the brain. Human-designed sign systems are the foundations for literacy, a capability only found in humans.
New Hedge Fund Indices That Have Entered the Marketplace

The websites of several hedge fund indices that have recently entered the marketplace are featured in this review.
Indole metabolites ofPenicillium cyclopium NRRL 6093

The indoles penitrem A and B and roquefortine were isolated from fungal cultures ofPenicillium cyclopium grown on Czapek-Dox medium at 25°C for 2 weeks.
Solvating additives drive solution-mediated electrochemistry and enhance toroid growth in non-aqueous Li–O2 batteries

Given their high theoretical specific energy, lithium-oxygen batteries have received enormous attention as possible alternatives to current state-of-the-art rechargeable Li-ion batteries. However, the maximum discharge capacity in non-aqueous lithium-oxygen batteries is limited to a small fraction of its theoretical value due to the build-up of insulating lithium peroxide (Li₂O₂), the battery's primary discharge product. The discharge capacity can be increased if Li₂O₂ forms as large toroidal particles rather than as a thin conformal layer. Here, we show that trace amounts of electrolyte additives, such as H₂O, enhance the formation of Li₂O₂ toroids and result in significant improvements in capacity. Our experimental observations and a growth model show that the solvating properties of the additives prompt a solution-based mechanism that is responsible for the growth of Li₂O₂ toroids. We present a general formalism describing an additive's tendency to trigger the solution process, providing a rational design route for electrolytes that afford larger lithium-oxygen battery capacities.
Nanopores: A journey towards DNA sequencing

Much more than ever, nucleic acids are recognized as key building blocks in many of life's processes, and the science of studying these molecular wonders at the single-molecule level is thriving. A new method of doing so has been introduced in the mid 1990's. This method is exceedingly simple: a nanoscale pore that spans across an impermeable thin membrane is placed between two chambers that contain an electrolyte, and voltage is applied across the membrane using two electrodes. These conditions lead to a steady stream of ion flow across the pore. Nucleic acid molecules in solution can be driven through the pore, and structural features of the biomolecules are observed as measurable changes in the trans-membrane ion current. In essence, a nanopore is a high-throughput ion microscope and a single-molecule force apparatus. Nanopores are taking center stage as a tool that promises to read a DNA sequence, and this promise has resulted in overwhelming academic, industrial, and national interest. Regardless of the fate of future nanopore applications, in the process of this 16-year-long exploration, many studies have validated the indispensability of nanopores in the toolkit of single-molecule biophysics. This review surveys past and current studies related to nucleic acid biophysics, and will hopefully provoke a discussion of immediate and future prospects for the field.
Coronary capillary permeability and tissue volumes for sucrose and water in dogs: a comparison of bolus and constant infusion multiple-indicator methods.

This study was undertaken to determine the accuracy with which heart interstitial and water volumes could be determined from multiple-indicator dilution experiments on the coronary circulation in open-chest dog preparations. Sucrose permeability by extraction calculations was found to average 0.26± 0.02 cm3·(min.g tissue)−1. The extravascular sucrose volume averaged 0.15 cm3·g−1 tissue by both multiple-indicator and post-mortem methods. Indicator-dilution tritiated water curves labelled 85% of the post-mortem water content.
The pathogenesis of the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is an iatrogenic complication of ovulation-induction therapy. In its most severe form, this syndrome involves massive ovarian enlargement and the formation of ...
The fracture characteristics of bone substance

Abstract The strength characteristics and composition of bone substance are discussed in relation to its fracture characteristics. Procedures for estimating the toughness and fracture energy in directions parallel to and transverse to the direction of fibreing are introduced. Results are given for bovine, canine and anthropoid (rhesus monkey and human) bone, and are compared with other work where possible. Based on both light microscope and electron microscope examinations, a mode of fracture is propsed. The fracture of bone is also compared to the fracture of yet another directionally fibred substance-wood.
Cytokinin action: Two receptors better than one?

Cytokinins are ubiquitous plant hormones that have dramatic effects on growth and development, but almost nothing is known of their molecular mode of action. Recently, evidence has emerged that cytokinin action may involve a G-protein-coupled receptor and/or a two-component signaling pathway.
Molecular identification and characterization of the dog motilin receptor

Motilin, a 22-amino acid peptide hormone secreted by endocrine cells of the intestinal mucosa, plays an important role in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility. The actions of motilin agonists have been extensively investigated in dogs due to physiological similarities between the dog and human alimentary tracts. The amino acid sequence of the dog motilin receptor, however, was previously unknown. We have cloned a cDNA from dog stomach corresponding to the motilin receptor. The deduced protein shared 71% and 72% sequence identity with the human and rabbit motilin receptors, respectively. Expression of the dog motilin receptor in CHO cells promoted the typical cellular responses to the agonists, motilin and erythromycin. The rank order of potency determined for these agonists was similar to that found for the human motilin receptor, with motilin being more potent than erythromycin. Immunohistochemistry of the dog stomach revealed that the motilin receptor was localized in neuronal cell bodies and fibers. This is the first study detailing the cloning, expression, and functional characterization of the dog motilin receptor. Determination of the full sequence and functional properties of the dog motilin receptor will provide useful information enabling us to interpret previous and future studies of motilin agonists in dogs.
Effects of inescapable shock on maze performance as a function of age in mice.

Abstract The hypothesis was investigated that aged animals receiving an experimental treatment of inescapable shock would suffer greater deficits in swim T-maze performance than either their younger shocked counterparts or their age-matched nonshocked controls. Three age groups of male C57BL/6J mice were studied: (a) young-mature (8-9 mo); (b) middle-aged (15-16 mo); and (c) aged (26-27 mo). Equal numbers (n = 16) from each age group were assigned to either a treatment group, which received 3 days of inescapable shock (6 sec, 200 μmlA) during a 60-min session on a variable time schedule (VI-60 sec), or a control group, which was placed inside the apparatus for an equal amount of time. Beginning 24 hr after the last shock session, swim maze training consisted of 10 daily trials over 5 consecutive sessions. The hypothesis was partially confirmed with respect to the latency to swim to the choice-point of the T-maze. Only the aged treatment group demonstrated significantly impaired performance. With respect t...
Direct Interferon-γ Signaling Dramatically Enhances CD4+ and CD8+ T Cell Memory

Studies in IFN-γ-deficient mice suggest that the delivery of IFN-γ to CD8+ T cells early in virus infection programs their eventual contraction, thereby reducing the abundance of CD8+ memory T cells. In this study, we show that such mice fail to completely eliminate virus infection and that, when evaluated without the confounding factor of persisting Ag, both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells undergo profound contraction when they are unable to receive IFN-γ signals. Furthermore, the abundance of CD4+ and CD8+ memory cells that express the IFN-γ receptor is ∼100-fold higher than cells lacking this molecule. Thus, direct IFN-γ signaling is not required for T cell contraction during virus infection, and it enhances, rather than suppresses, the development of virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell memory.
What else is hiding behind superior mesenteric artery syndrome

The superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) is an uncommon condition in children. We describe a case of a 7-year-old boy with SMAS that occurred 3 years after a Deloyers' procedure for subtotal colonic Hirschsprung who was admitted for bilious vomit, abdominal pain and diarrhea due to unrecognized celiac disease. This case emphasize that SMAS in children needs a close medical and surgical follow-up to avoid an underestimation of early clinical signs unrelated to surgery.
Vein Assemblages and Metamorphism in Dutchess County, New York

Mineral assemblages of fissure veins in pelitic rocks are a consistent function of metamorphic grade within a 1,700 km 2 area in and near Dutchess County, New York. The following vein assemblages are cb-served with increasing grade: quartz and quartz-calcite up to just above the staurolite isograd, with limited occurrence of quarrz-albite below the biotite isograd; quartz and quartz-plagioclase (An 20 to An 50 ) from the staurolite isograde up to the sillimanite-orthoclase isograd; and quartz, quartz-plagioclase, and quartz-plagioclase-orthoclase above the sillimanite-orthoclase isograd. Extreme deformation makes relative crosscutting relations of veins difficult to determine; however, late quartz veins are fairly common, and late quartz-calcite veins are seen in high-grade rocks near marble contacts. A tentative conclusion is that quartz and quartz-calcite, quartz-plagioclase, and quartz-plagioclase-orthoclase veins form in pelitic rocks at successively higher metamorphic grades from material derived from the surrounding matrix. This may happen during prograde and retrograde metamorphism and during successive metamorphic events.
Lake Superior Zooplankton Biomass: Alternate Estimates from a Probability-Based Net Survey and Spatially Extensive LOPC Surveys

Abstract We conducted a probability-based net tow sampling of Lake Superior in 2006 and compared the zooplankton biomass estimate with an estimate from laser optical plankton counter (LOPC) surveys. The net survey consisted of 52 sites stratified across three depth zones (0–30, 30–150, > 150 m). The LOPC tow surveys were extensive and spatially covered much of Lake Superior (> 1300 km of towing). The LOPC was field calibrated to Lake Superior zooplankton samples collected across the years of 2004 to 2006. The volume-weighted lake-wide zooplankton biomass determined by traditional net tows to 100-m sample depth was 20.1 (± 7.8 SD n = 52) mg dry-weight m − 3 . The estimates varied by depth zones within the lake, where nearshore (0–30 m) estimates were highest and highly variable. Net sites for the LOPC field calibration were removed to allow for LOPC validation with independent nets; the resulting net-based estimate 20.0 (± 9.3 SD n = 38) mg dry-weight m − 3 and LOPC lake-wide estimate 19.1 (± 3.3 SD) mg dry-weight m − 3 agreed well. Consistency across survey methods for lake-wide estimates suggested that LOPC survey data provides a comparable assessment tool to traditional nets for collecting zooplankton biomass data. We briefly compare our results with some observed historical patterns. Onshore–offshore trends in zooplankton biomass concentrations were similar to the last major lake-wide survey in 1973. The LOPC provided high resolution data on zooplankton biomass distribution. Using simultaneously collected in situ sensor data, the LOPC zooplankton biomass distributions over horizontal and vertical space can be modeled as a function of temperature and fluorescence.
Assessing Joint Distributions with Isoprobability Contours

We present a new method for constructing joint probability distributions of continuous random variables using isoprobability contours---sets of points with the same joint cumulative probability. This approach reduces the joint probability assessment into a one-dimensional cumulative probability assessment using a sequence of binary choices between various combinations of the variables of interest. The approach eliminates the need to assess directly the dependence, or association, between the variables. We discuss properties of isoprobability contours and methods for their assessment in practice. We also report results of a study in which subjects assessed the 50th percentile isoprobability contour of the joint distribution of weight and height. We use the data to show how to use the assessed contours to construct the joint distribution and to infer (indirectly) the dependence between the variables.
Adsorption of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Ni to titanium dioxide nanoparticles: effect of particle size, solid concentration, and exhaustion

Adsorption of metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn) to TiO2 nanoparticles and bulk particles was examined for use as a contaminant removal substrate as a function of particle size, sorbent concentration, and exhaustion. Adsorption experiments were conducted with 0.01, 0.1, and 0.5 g/L nanoparticles in a pH 8 solution and in spiked San Antonio tap water. When results were normalized by mass, nanoparticles adsorbed more than the bulk particles but when results were surface-area normalized, the opposite was observed. The adsorption data shows the ability of the TiO2 nanoparticles to remove Pb, Cd, and Ni from solution with similar adsorption at 0.1 and 0.5 g/L. Adsorption kinetics for all metals tested was described by a modified first order rate equation with the nanoparticles having a faster rate of adsorption than the bulk particles. The nanoparticles were able to simultaneously removal multiple metals (Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu) from both pH 8 solution and spiked San Antonio tap water. Exhaustion experiments showed that both the nanoparticles and bulk particles were exhausted at pH 6 but at pH 8, exhaustion did not occur for the nanoparticles. Comparison of K d, distribution coefficient, with other literature showed that the nanoparticles were better sorbents than other metal oxide nanoparticles and a commercial activated carbon.
Inherited thyroxine-binding globulin abnormalities in man.

Introduction and Historic Background IN 1959, Beierwaltes and Robbins (1) reported a family with T4-binding globulin (TBG) excess thus recognizing for the first time the existence of inherited TBG abnormalities in man. Subsequently, the occurrence of inherited complete (2–4) and partial (5–7) TBG deficiencies were described. These three forms of TBG abnormalities (complete deficiency, partial deficiency, and excess) followed, in general, an X-chromosome-linked inheritance pattern (7–9). Because earlier studies of these subjects failed to show physical or chemical changes of their TBG (7, 10), nor circulating substances interfering with hormone binding to the molecule (4, 11), and because labeled normal TBG tracer had normal survival time when given to the affected subjects (12), it was postulated that inherited TBG defects represent either mutations of a gene controlling TBG synthesis (12) or mutations at the promoter site of the TBG gene proper (13). In the 1980s, two new inherited TBG types were describ...
On the re-connexion of magnetic field lines in conducting fluids

Magnetic field lines reconnection in steady incompressible hydromagnetic two dimensional flow, formulating governing equations with cylindrical polar coordinates
The Relationship among Young Adult College Students’ Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Demographics, Life Satisfaction, and Coping Styles

Recent research indicates that young adult college students experience increased levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. It is less clear what strategies college health care providers might use to assist students in decreasing these mental health concerns. In this paper, we examine the relative importance of coping style, life satisfaction, and selected demographics in predicting undergraduates’ depression, anxiety, and stress. A total of 508 full-time undergraduate students aged 18–24 years completed the study measures and a short demographics information questionnaire. Coping strategies and life satisfaction were assessed using the Brief COPE Inventory and an adapted version of the Brief Students’ Multidimensional Life Satisfaction Scale. Depression, anxiety, and stress were measured using the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the relative influence of each of the independent variables on depression, anxiety, and stress. Maladaptive co...
Understanding the Student-Faculty Mentoring Process: Its Effects on At-Risk University Students:

The purpose of this investigation was to understand the student-faculty mentoring process and how mentoring relationships facilitate at-risk students' adjustment to college. The sample consisted of 65 college students who were involved in a Faculty Mentoring Program (FMP) at a four-year institution. A conceptual model was tested relating ethnic homogeneity in student-mentor backgrounds and frequency of student-mentor contact to perceived mentor supportiveness, students' attitudinal adjustment to college, students' academic performance, and level of satisfaction with the FMP. Results of the path analysis revealed that students with mentors of the same ethnicity met more frequently with their faculty mentors and, in turn, viewed mentors as being more supportive in furthering their career and personal development and expressed greater satisfaction with their participation in the FMP. Likewise, student-mentor ethnic homogeneity and frequency of student-mentor contact directly influenced students' attitudinal ...
MAGNETIC RECORDING RETROSPECTIVE AND PROGNOSIS

Consistent advances in magnetic recording products and applications over several decades have resulted from increases in recording density and bandwidth using the same basic design of recording components. Now, new components and recording methods are receiving major development emphasis and are candidates to extend performance beyond today's product achievements. The key winning and losing magnetic recording components and techniques are reviewed and the new challenging designs are considered for future applications Magnetic heads, media, and recording methods have evolved in different ways to extend recording performance and density for data storage, and for consumer video and audio recording applications. In particular, the development of new components for consumer recording systems may provide lower cost technology for data storage applications. Some examples of successful application of components to different recording systems will be described.
Association between Culturable Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) in Semen and HIV-1 RNA Levels in Semen and Blood: Evidence for Compartmentalization of HIV-1 between Semen and Blood

Both qualitative and quantitative virologic measurements were compared between blood and genital compartments for 128 men infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to address several controversial issues concerning HIV-1 shedding in semen and to obtain further information about the distribution of virus between these two compartments. Evidence for viral compartmentalization was suggested by earlier studies that noted the poor correlation between blood and seminal virus load, phenotype, and genotype. Further support for this viral compartmentalization was based on the following observations between semen and blood: lack of association between culturability of virus in semen and viral RNA level in blood, discordant distribution of viral phenotypes, discordant viral RNA levels, a weak correlation between viral RNA level in semen and CD4 cell count in blood, differences in the biologic variability of viral RNA levels, and differences in the virus load response to antiretroviral therapy.
Electrically Induced Hydrolysis of Adenosine -5’ Triphosphate

ATP hydrolysis may be induced by passage of a direct current through a solution of CaATP. That the electric current exhibits “ATPase” activity, may provide a research rationale upon which to base further studies of the mechanism of bridging bony non-unions through electrical means.
The effect of crystallinity of HfO 2 on the resistive memory switching reliability

We measured direct physical evidence that can explain different switching behaviors for HfO 2 based ReRAM structure for the first time. The switching behavior depends on the degree of crystallinity of HfO 2 . We observed crystallized HfO 2 which is grown under higher temperature with High Resolution Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS), which prevents creating enough oxygen vacancies to start electric switching under low forming voltage. However, non-stoichiometric structure region of HfO 2 which has amorphous phase provides enough oxygen vacancies which are the electrical paths. Therefore, non-stoichiometric structure of amorphous HfO 2 during fabricating process is crucial to obtain reliable switching characteristics.
Planetary-Scale Thermal Waves in Saturn's Upper Troposphere

Abstract We have used temperatures retrieved from the Voyager IRIS (Infrared Interferometer Spectrometer) data at pressures of 130 and 270 mbar to search for waves in the upper troposphere of Saturn. The data are from three global mapping sequences taken by Voyagers 1 and 2, which together provide coverage between 60°S and 80°N latitudes. To analyze the temperatures, we grouped them within 10° wide latitude bins and applied a periodogram analysis of their zonal variance. Since the data for each map were taken over periods of 12 to 18 hours, the phase velocity of any spectral component identified is ambiguous. We estimated the phase velocity of these components by varying the assumed phase velocity to maximize the amplitude of the periodogram response at integer zonal wavenumbers. The results are dominated by zonal wavenumber 2 at 130 mbar in northern midlatitudes. In the Voyager 1 data this component is statistically significant at the 99% confidence level over latitudes 20°N to 40°N; the zonal phase of the wave is roughly constant over this latitude range. Estimates of the phase velocity using the combined Voyager 1 inbound and outbound maps allow a solution for the midlatitude zonal wavenumber 2 wave that is quasi-stationary in the reference frame defined by the rotation period of Saturn's magnetic field. Raytracing models suggest that the midlatitude waves are quasi-stationary Rossby waves. The waves are confined meridionally by meridional variations of the zonal mean winds, and confined vertically by variations in the static stability of Saturn's atmosphere. The meridional structure of these features suggests that they may be excited by overreflection of waves incident on a critical surface at midlatitudes, and that the low phase velocities are a consequence of the gradient in potential vorticity vanishing where the zonal winds are small. The waves can leak into the upper stratosphere, saturating or “breaking” at pressure levels ∼10−2–10−1mbar. The viscous damping times are ∼10 years, comparable to the radiative damping time in the tropopause region and in the stratosphere.
Depression, Biology, Aggression: Introduction to Gut Feminism (Duke University Press, 2015)

This is an excerpt from Elizabeth A. Wilson's book, Gut Feminism , which was published in August, 2015. The excerpt is copyrighted by Duke University Press .
IN SITU ULTRATRACE GAS DETECTION BY PHOTOTHERMAL SPECTROSCOPY: AN OVERVIEW

Two photothermal detection schemes, photoacoustic and photothermal deflection, are reviewed in the context of in situ ultrance detection of atomspheric constituents.
Conformational Control of Energy Transfer: A Mechanism for Biocompatible Nanocrystal-Based Sensors

Fold-up fluorophore: A new paradigm for designing self-referencing fluorescent nanosensors is demonstrated by interfacing a pH-triggered molecular conformational switch with quantum dots. Analytedependent, large-amplitude conformational motion controls the distance between the nanocrystal energy donor and an organic FRET acceptor. The result is a fluorescence signal capable of reporting pH values from individual endosomes in living cells.
The prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae) and the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis (Rickettsiaceae: Ehrlichieae) in Ixodes scapularis (Acari:Ixodidae) Collected During 1998 and 1999 from Minnesota

We tested 103 adult Ixodes scapularis Say from 12 counties in Minnesota for the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi and the causative agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE), using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 17 ticks (16.5%) was positive for B. burgdorferi using nested PCR for the flagellin gene, or both PCR for the ospA gene and nested PCR for the flagellin gene. A total of four ticks (3.8%) was positive for the agent of HGE using nested PCR for 16S rDNA. Counties in Minnesota with established and recently reported populations of I. scapularis both had ticks infected with B. burgdorferi. The agent of HGE was only detected in counties with established I. scapularis populations.
Using live data and social amplification to drive fan engagement

2014 was IBM’s 25th year sponsoring the Wimbledon Tennis Championships. As the technology partner to the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, IBM wanted to support the Club’s ambition to extend the visitor experience across digital channels. This case study examines how a small group of marketers and sales and agency staff were convened in ‘The Punnet’ to create visitor personas, map the customer journey and support that journey end-to-end by applying real-time sports analytics data to deliver benchmark-beating results.
PO-0886 Picu In The Future; Needs And Expectations Of Nurses

Introduction The aim of this study was to understand the present nursing roles at the PICU and the changes nurses want to be accounted for or are seen as a valuable addition to their nursing profession. Methods A qualitative study. Data were collected by face-to-face focus groups. Results After three focus-group meetings, seventeen themes were identified. Major specific nursing roles were 1) nurse led weaning from the ventilator was identified by nurses as well as physicians. 2) case management to improve PICU care and transition of the long stay patient, identified by nurses as well as physicians. 3) More effective painmanagement when the nurse was responsible for titration. 4) the role of a consultative nurse. This role was mentioned by nurses only. In the subthemes main subjects were the need for appropriate care for the long stay patient and the need of ongoing education. Discussion Both, nurses and physicians recognised a need for change in nursing care for the long stay patient at the PICU. This suits with the changing PICU environment. Nurses could have a role in bedside procedures such as pain and sedation management and weaning from the ventilator. This will enhance the area of nursing autonomy, control and responsibility and from literature we know satisfaction in the workplace also will grow. The deployment of a consultative nurse may improve the satisfaction of patients and parents after discharge from the PICU and will unburden the growing responsibility of the nurses on the paediatric ward.
Combination of Argentophilic and Perfluorophenyl-Perfluorophenyl Interactions Supports a Head-to-Head [2 + 2] Photodimerization in the Solid State

Face-to-face perfluorophenyl–perfluorophenyl interactions (C6F5···C6F5) are achieved in a disilver metal–organic complex. The C6F5···C6F5 interactions along with argentophilic forces support trans-pentafluorostilbazole to undergo a head-to-head [2 + 2] photodimerization to form a cyclobutane that sustains a fluorinated two-dimensional metal–organic framework.
Bayesian Hierarchical Kernelized Probabilistic Matrix Factorization

We present a Bayesian analysis framework for matrix-variate normal data with dependency structures induced by rows and columns. This framework of matrix normal models includes prior specifications, posterior computation using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, evaluation of prediction uncertainty, model structure search, and extensions to multidimensional arrays. Compared with Bayesian probabilistic matrix factorization, which integrates a Gaussian prior for single row of the data matrix, our proposed model, namely Bayesian hierarchical kernelized probabilistic matrix factorization, imposes Gaussian Process priors over multiple rows of the matrix. Hence, the learned model explicitly captures the underlying correlation among the rows and the columns. In addition, our method requires no specific assumptions like independence of latent factors for rows and columns, which obtains more flexibility for modeling real data compared to existing works. Finally, the proposed framework can be adapted to a wide range o...
Signals of Willingness to Make Firm-Specific Investments: Implications for Individuals and Firms

Prevailing human capital theory suggests that individuals may be reluctant to make firm-specific investments because they may hinder an individual's career opportunities (mobility). This paper posi...
Vitamin D3 accelerates PTH-dependent calcium transport in distal convoluted tubule cells.

This study examined the interaction of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] and parathyroid hormone (PTH) on Ca2+ uptake, intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and membrane voltage in transformed mo...
Multivariate and structural equation models for family data.

The asymptotic distribution of the multivariate variance component linkage analysis likelihood ratio test has provoked some contradictory accounts in the literature. In this paper we confirm that some previous results are not correct by deriving the asymptotic distribution in one special case. It is shown that this special case is a good approximation to the distribution in many situations. We also introduce a new approach to simulating from the asymptotic distribution of the likelihood ratio test in constrained testing problems. It is shown that this method is very efficient for small p-values, and is applicable even when the constraints are not convex. The method is related to a multivariate integration problem. We illustrate how the approach can be applied to multivariate linkage analysis in a simulation study. Some more philosophical issues relating to one-sided tests in variance component linkage analysis are discussed.
Overview of Simulation Techniques

Simulation plays a major role in the process of designing an integrated electronic circuit. By using a simulator, the circuit designer can evaluate the performance of the design before going into the expensive and time-consuming manufacturing process. There are two basic approaches to simulating an integrated electronic circuit. The first, and more traditional, approach is to treat the circuit as a continuous dynamical system and obtain a set of nonlinear algebraic-differential equations with electrical variables such as voltage, current, and charge to describe its behavior. The objective of an analog simulator is to solve this set of equations, numerically, and obtain the detailed waveforms at various nodes in the circuit.
Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulate Molecular Markers of Inflammation in Dogs with Cruciate Ligament Rupture

Mid-substance rupture of the canine cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CR) and associated stifle osteoarthritis (OA) is an important veterinary health problem. CR causes stifle joint instability and contralateral CR often develops. The dog is an important model for human anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, where rupture of graft repair or the contralateral ACL is also common. This suggests that both genetic and environmental factors may increase ligament rupture risk. We investigated use of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) to reduce systemic and stifle joint inflammatory responses in dogs with CR. Twelve dogs with unilateral CR and contralateral stable partial CR were enrolled prospectively. BM-MSCs were collected during surgical treatment of the unstable CR stifle and culture-expanded. BM-MSCs were subsequently injected at a dose of 2x106 BM-MSCs/kg intravenously and 5x106 BM-MSCs by intra-articular injection of the partial CR stifle. Blood (entry, 4 and 8 weeks) and stifle synovial fluid (entry and 8 weeks) were obtained after BM-MSC injection. No adverse events after BM-MSC treatment were detected. Circulating CD8+ T lymphocytes were lower after BM-MSC injection. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) was decreased at 4 weeks and serum CXCL8 was increased at 8 weeks. Synovial CRP in the complete CR stifle was decreased at 8 weeks. Synovial IFNγ was also lower in both stifles after BM-MSC injection. Synovial/serum CRP ratio at diagnosis in the partial CR stifle was significantly correlated with development of a second CR. Systemic and intra-articular injection of autologous BM-MSCs in dogs with partial CR suppresses systemic and stifle joint inflammation, including CRP concentrations. Intra-articular injection of autologous BM-MSCs had profound effects on the correlation and conditional dependencies of cytokines using causal networks. Such treatment effects could ameliorate risk of a second CR by modifying the stifle joint inflammatory response associated with cranial cruciate ligament matrix degeneration or damage.
Hemivertebra Excision—Posterior-Only Approach With 3-Rod Technique

Posterior-only hemivertebra (HV) excision (PHVE) is an effective treatment for isolated hemivertebrae that cause significant local deformity. Multiple balanced hemivertebrae or global structural deformity is probably not appropriate for PHVE. PHVE works well in cervicothoracic, thoracolumbar, lumbar, and lumbosacral locations, with varying degrees of technical difficulty, while midthoracic PHVE seems less effective. Associated segmental kyphotic deformity is most easily treated, whereas segmental lordosis can be problematic with a posterior-only approach. Careful preoperative anatomical assessment and attention to operative detail can accomplish complete segmental correction without injuring or involving adjacent motion segments. Surgeon skillset for this procedure should include pedicle screw placement in small children and manipulation of the dura dural and control of epidural bleeding.