cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Breeding of the D-type Indica CMS Line Jingfu 6A with Early Maturing Effect and Fine Grain Quality

Jingfu 6A,a new D-type CMS line,was developed from the cross D297A/Jingfu 6B by the Rice Research Institute of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences through successive backcrossing to Jingfu 6B,which is derived from D297B/Siqing. It is characteristic of stable and complete male sterility (100% of sterile plants and 99.995% of pollen sterility),large panicles,high combining ability and good grain quality (meeting the national standards of the 2nd class of fine quality rice on GB/T 17891-1999) with aromatic grains. Especially,it has a marked early maturing effect on its F1 hybrids. In September,2005,it was technically identified and registered in Fujian Province.
Forensic DNA Profiles: Database Expansion, Familial Search, and a Radical Solution

This paper outlines the substantial privacy risks posed by the human genome, and explains how sensitive information is omitted from FBI DNA profiles. It then details the quiet expansion of law enforcement DNA databases, including the controversial technique of “familial DNA search,” and argues for a population-wide, universal DNA database.
Factors Influencing Medication Compliance among Hypertensive Older African American Adults

OBJECTIVE: The purpose was to gain an indepth understanding of the factors influencing hypertension medication compliance among hypertensive older African Americans. DESIGN: Qualitative descriptive. In depth semistructured interviews were conducted with 28 patients. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by the Colaizzi-style method. SETTING: Patients at a cardiovascular clinic in the Southeast. PATIENTS: 28 African American males and females aged > or = 55 with controlled and uncontrolled hypertension were recruited and interviewed. RESULTS: Stroke Heart Attack and Prevention Program (SHAPP) patients reported self-efficacy, patient-provider communication, and social support contributed to their hypertension regimen compliance. Patients reported higher self-efficacy contributed to their hypertension control. Patients also reported that open communication with the SHAPP nurses and social support from their family, friends, and coworkers provided emotional support, information and guidance to assist them in being compliant with their hypertension management regimen. CONCLUSIONS: Our results can inform SHAPP providers and staff about patients' hypertension medication compliance, can improve patient-provider communication in other SHAPP clinics, and can aid in future patient hypertension management. Our results also suggest the importance of self-efficacy, patient-provider communication, and social support in hypertension regimen compliance.
Observation of cross-ionization is Gd3Sc2Al3O12 : Ce3+

Abstract A cross-relaxation process has been observed in Gd3Sc2Al3O12 : Ce3+ between Gd3+ and Ce3+ ions that results in a promotion of Ce3+ electrons into the host conduction band. Energy transfer between the Gd3+ and Ce3+ ions is evident in the Ce3+ excitation spectrum, which shows sharp features coinciding with Gd3+ transition, in addition to the broad Ce3+ 5d bands. To demonstrate the presence of a “cross-ionization” process we conducted photoconductive studies of the garnet. Photoconductivity is a direct way to detect electron transfer processes—in our case photoconductive studies confirm the promotion of an impurity electron into the host conduction band via energy transfer.
Review of Politics in Popular Movies: Rhetorical Takes on Horror, War, Thriller, and Sci-Fi Films

John S. Nelson of the University of Iowa has produced a very useful book for anyone who might want to consider integrating contemporary films into any kind of political science class. Nelson’s book...
Solution Dispersible Metal Nanorings: Independent Control of Architectural Parameters and Materials Generality

Advances in lithographic and synthetic techniques have enabled the fabrication of a variety of complex structures on the nanoscale. In particular, the synthesis of metal nanoparticles has remained a major field of research in the last few decades since such particles show extraordinary optical properties compared to their bulk counterparts. Here, we present the use of coaxial lithography methodology to prepare metal nanorings with high precision in all three architectural parameters (with diameters ranging from 25 to 400 nm), as well as the compatibility of this technique with a variety of different single composition metals (including Au, Ag, Pt).
Biology and Pathobiology of TDP-43 and Emergent Therapeutic Strategies

Cytoplasmic TDP-43 mislocalization and aggregation is a pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. TDP-43 is an RNA-binding protein (RBP) with a prion-like domain (PrLD) that promotes TDP-43 misfolding. PrLDs possess compositional similarity to canonical prion domains of various yeast proteins, including Sup35. Strikingly, disease-causing TDP-43 mutations reside almost exclusively in the PrLD and can enhance TDP-43 misfolding and toxicity. Another ∼70 human RBPs harbor PrLDs, including FUS, TAF15, EWSR1, hnRNPA1, and hnRNPA2, which have surfaced in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Importantly, PrLDs enable RBP function and mediate phase transitions that partition functional ribonucleoprotein compartments. This PrLD activity, however, renders RBPs prone to populating deleterious oligomers or self-templating fibrils that might spread disease, and disease-linked PrLD mutations can exacerbate this risk. Several strategies have emerged to counter TDP-43 proteinopathies, including engineering enhanced protein disaggregases based on Hsp104.
METALS, PESTICIDES AND PCBs: TOXICITIES TO SHRIMP SINGLY AND IN COMBINATION

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess potential deleterious effects of certain toxicants, singly and in combination, to penaeid shrimp. In nature, these shrimp are exposed to combinations of toxicants from industrial and municipal outfalls, from agricultural runoff or from dredge-and-fill operations. The combined toxicities of methoxychlor and cadmium to penaeid shrimp, Penaeus duorarum, were either independent or additive, and varied with the method(s) of bioassay. Conclusions were based on the results of 10-, 25- and 30-day bioassays conducted with the toxicants added singly or in combination to flowing water of constant salinity and temperature. Cadmium, but not methoxychlor, was accumulated by shrimp and methoxychlor appears to influence the processes of accumulation or loss of cadmium from tissues of shrimp.
HIV eradication: a status report from the 17th International AIDS Conference.

The 17th International AIDS conference was held this year from August 3 to 8 in Mexico City. Almost 25000 people from 200 countries attended. This article reviews just a few of the many presentations from the International AIDS Conference that have some relevance to patient care today. One of the highlights was a discussion of the current status of HIV eradication. While we are not there yet there is encouraging news for patients. Other topics discussed here include patient retention in care hepatitis coinfections and the continuing discussion of safer sex for men who have sex with men (MSM).
Functioning Just Fine: The Unappreciated Value of the Supreme Court Confirmation Process

Scholars, politicians, and legal commentators from across the ideological spectrum seem to agree that the U.S. Supreme Court confirmation process is broken and needs to be fixed. Reform proposals vary, but share a common assumption that if we do not do something the legitimacy of the Court will be at risk.This Article presents an alternative view, arguing that the confirmation process is in fact functioning just fine. The way we confirm Supreme Court nominees today is not perfect, but nor is it all that bad. If there is a crisis facing the high Court today, it lies not in the rigors of the confirmation process, but in the growing gap between how scholars understand the role of the Constitution and the Supreme Court, and the rhetoric that defines that role during confirmation hearings. Closing that gap, rather than changing the confirmation process, may be the best way to preserve support for judicial independence in an increasingly diverse and-at the moment-sharply divided nation.We argue that the current confirmation process does three important and underappreciated things, each of which could, if better understood, contribute to a deeper understanding of the role the process plays in our governing system: it provides democratic validation of previously contested constitutional choices made by the Supreme Court; it provides a public forum in which electorally accountable actors argue about what should and should not be considered part of our constitutional consensus; and it provides an opportunity for dialogue between the Court, the Senate, and the public.Each of these features of the current system work to ensure that the long-term constitutional preferences of the people are, over time, embraced by the Court as part of our core constitutional understanding. Moreover, each does so in ways that are distinct from ordinary politics. A better understanding of these features may thus help nudge confirmation discourse past the stale dichotomy of "umpires" and "activists" and toward a better understanding of the value of the Court and the Constitution we actually have.
Relaxation Models for Cuprate NMR

From beginning of cuprate NMR studies, it was clear that understanding the relaxation properties for all sites with nuclear spin species would be one of the major challenges for the theorist and experimentalist alike. In Chap. 3 the Mila-Rice-Shastry model [118, 146] was presented, including the quantum-chemical basis for transferred HF couplings and the spin Hamiltonian treatment of local spin and orbital HF effects on the Cu\(^{2+}\) sites. With the latter formulation a complete characterization of the NMR shift tensors for YBCO7 and YBCO6.63 has been presented in Chaps. 3 and 4. Then, using general expressions for \(1/T_1\), Mila and Rice discussed \(T_1\) anisotropy for \(^{63}\)Cu(2) in YBCO7 (Sect. 3.3.4). A simplified model given in Sect. 4.1.2 offered an interpretation of \(T_1\) anisotropies and spin correlation effects for the \(^{89}\)Y and \(^{17}\)O(2,3) sites. These developments set the stage for the most serious challenge, which is the locally-varying, overall temperature dependences of the \(T_1\) processes in these compounds. Such a panorama of complex relaxation behavior was never encountered before the cuprates were discovered.
On the tractability of restricted disjunctive temporal problems

In this paper, we provide a polynomial-time deterministic algorithm, and an even simpler randomized algorithm, for solving a restricted (but very expressive) class of disjunctive temporal problems (DTPs). The general form of a DTP is as follows. We are given a set of events Χ = {X0, X1 ... XN} (X0 is the "beginning of the world" node and is set to 0 by convention), and a set of constraints C. A constraint ci ∈ C is a disjunction of the form s(i,1) V s(i,2) . . . s(i,Ti). Here, s(i,j) (1 ≤ j ≤ Ti) is a simple temporal constraint of the form L(i,j) ≤ Xb(i,j) - Xa(i,j) ≤ U(i,j) for 0 ≤ a(i,j),b(i,j) ≤ N. We will first provide a pseudo-polynomial-time randomized algorithm for solving the following restricted class of DTPs (which we will refer to as RDTPs (restricted DTPs)): Any ci ∈ C is of one of the following types: (Type 1) (L ≤ Xb - Xa ≤ U). (Type 2) (L1 ≤ Xa ≤ U1) V (L2 ≤ Xa ≤ U2) . . . (LTi ≤ Xa ≤ UTi), (Type 3) (L1 ≤ Xa ≤ U1) V (L2 ≤ Xb ≤ U2). We will then provide a strongly polynomial-time deterministic algorithm for solving the same problem, and extend the ideas further to provide an even simpler randomized algorithm— the expected running time of which is much less than that of the deterministic algorithm. Our polynomial-time algorithms for solving RDTPs bear important implications on not only being able to handle limited (but very useful) forms of disjunctions in metric temporal reasoning (that would otherwise require an exponential search space), but also in pruning large parts of the search spaces associated with general DTPs.
Recent National Trends and Outcomes in Total Ankle Arthroplasty in the United States.

Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) is an evolving option for treating ankle arthritis. We assessed the national trends in usage and perioperative outcomes of TAA in the United States. International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision (ICD-9), codes were used to search the National Hospital Discharge Survey database for TAA from 1997 to 2010. Patient demographics, comorbidities, hospitalization length, discharge disposition, blood transfusion, lower extremity deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and mortality data were gathered. Trends were evaluated using linear regression with Pearson's correlation coefficient, and statistical comparisons were performed using Student's t test and z-test for proportions with significance at p = .05. We identified 120 patients with TAA. TAA demonstrated a positive correlation with time (r = 0.57), significantly increasing from 2.4 cases per 100,000 admissions from 1997 to 2003 to 3.5 cases per 100,000 from 2004 to 2010 (p = .04). The mean age was 57.8 (range 19 to 83) years. The mean number of comorbidities was 4.5 (range 1 to ≥7). Although patient age remained stable (p = .21), the mean number of comorbidities significantly increased from 4.0 from 1997 to 2003 to 4.8 from 2004 to 2010 (p = .02); 8 patients (6.7%) had diabetes, 71 (59.2%) had primary osteoarthritis, and 35 (29.2%) had posttraumatic arthropathy. The mean length of stay significantly decreased from 3.1 to 2.3 days (p = .03). Three patients (2.5%) required a blood transfusion. No deep vein thrombosis or PE was diagnosed. No patients died during the operative admission; 95 patients (87%) were discharged home and 14 (13%) required a skilled rehabilitation facility. Discharge patterns showed no significant change with time (p = .59). Usage of TAA in the United States has increased nearly 50% over the past 14 years. TAA was associated with shorter hospitalization, infrequent rehabilitation facility requirements, and few perioperative complications.
Surface Views of the Ferret Brain

A citation for Figs 1–3 were inserted here so that figure citations are in sequential order.
Big data for smart safety: applying engineering control analytics to predictive safety

Traditional health, safety and environment (HSE) reporting communicates the ‘what’ but not the ‘why’ of safety events. Organisations’ operations-data footprints are growing in volume and velocity but data are often siloed and can be of poor quality. This results in an inability to connect the dots and see through the ‘noise’, to identify patterns of high risk behaviour and root causes of high risk incidents to fully realise the true value of available data and deliver well informed decision making. Deloitte has been working with large organisations across the energy and resources industry, connecting traditional HSE data with contextual data, including employees, contractors, rosters, timesheets, training, and environmental and operational data to surface insights that would otherwise be hidden. By applying exploratory machine learning techniques to these datasets, the sector can gain new insights that were previously ‘hidden’ in data siloes. Drawing on lessons learnt, the paper explains how predictive analytical techniques can enable organisations to identify groups of employees at the highest risk of incidents and, critically, what differentiates these groups, to design tailored interventions and optimally allocate finite resources to manage HSE risk. The paper also describes key factors found to be driving high severity or repeat incidents and details how data conventionally used for asset management and operations optimisation can be analysed alongside HSE data to characterise potential control failures. The outcome is a framework that can be applied to provide continuous controls monitoring of material risks and critical assets.
What Types of Brokerage Bridge the Research-Practice Gap? The Case of Public School Educators.

Abstract The presence of a research-practice gap is recognized across multiple fields including education, psychology, and public health. In this paper, we examine which of five structural types of brokerage are most and least effective in bridging this research-practice gap in the context of education. Using a small world survey design, we tracked how a statewide random sample of 247 K-12 principals and superintendents in Michigan seek information about social skills programs from brokering individuals and organizations. We find that some triadic brokerage structures are more effective than others in closing the communication gap between practitioners and researchers. Specifically, educators relying on itinerant brokerage, which circulates information between members of the same community, were five times less likely to obtain information from a researcher. In contrast, educators relying on representative or liaison brokerage, which facilitate information transfer between members of different communities, were more than twice as likely to obtain information from a researcher. We conclude by discussing implications for the development of interventions designed to facilitate information sharing between practitioners and researchers.
L’univers fragile dans Bonjour Tristesse De Françoise Sagan The fragile world In Hi, Sadness Of Françoise Sagan

كانت الفيلا رائعة و الصيف حار، و البحر الابيض المتوسط قريب جدا. كانت سيسيل مع أبيها يعيشان بسعادة و بدون الحاجة لأي شخص آخر، لكن زيارة امرأة هادئة و ذكية قد أحدثت انقلابا في هذه الفوضى اللذيذة . كيف السبيل لمنع هذا التهديد؟ إن هذه الروايه تقدم للقاريء دراسة ثريه للنفس البشريه قد تم الاشارة اليها بصورة ضمنية، مسنودة و مدعومة بجمل قصيرة و مجسدة من خلال شخصيات يعيشون بطريقة رهيبة في حين انه تم وصفهم جسديا بجمل مقتضبة. و هكذا فقد تأججت مخيلة فرانسواز ساغان و تجسد التصوير الاخلاقي بابهى صوره في رواية مرحبا ايها الحزن.
A commentary on “Parent coaching of music interventions for children with ASD: A conceptual framework” written by Eugenia Hernandez-Ruiz

Research ideas develop from a need to explore everyday behavior, expand knowledge from previous studies, challenge hypotheses that arise from observations, or test emerging theories (Beins, 2019). ...
Crystal-phase and surface-structure engineering of ruthenium nanocrystals

Metal nanocrystals with controlled shapes or surface structures have received increasing attention, owing to their desirable properties for applications ranging from catalysis to photonics, energy and biomedicine. Most studies, however, have been limited to nanocrystals with the same crystal phase as the bulk material. Engineering the phase of metal nanocrystals while simultaneously attaining shape-controlled synthesis has recently emerged as a new frontier of research. Here, we use Ru as an example to evaluate recent progress in the synthesis of metal nanocrystals featuring different crystal phases and well-controlled shapes. We first discuss synthetic strategies for controlling the crystal phase and shape of Ru nanocrystals, with a focus on new mechanistic insights. We then highlight the major factors that affect the packing of Ru atoms and, thus, the crystal phase, followed by an examination of the thermal stability of Ru nanocrystals in terms of both crystal phase and shape. Next, we showcase the successful implementation of these Ru nanocrystals in various catalytic applications. Finally, we end with a discussion of the challenges and opportunities in the field, including leveraging the lessons learned from Ru to engineer the crystal phase and surface structure of other metals. Engineering the phase of metal nanocrystals while simultaneously achieving shape-controlled synthesis can enable new and desirable properties. This Review highlights the synthetic strategies for generating Ru nanocrystals with different crystal phases and surface structures, and outlines their implementation in catalytic applications.
Randomized Graph Cluster Randomization.

The global average treatment effect (GATE) is a primary quantity of interest in the study of causal inference under network interference. With a correctly specified exposure model of the interference, the Horvitz-Thompson (HT) and Hajek estimators of the GATE are unbiased and consistent, respectively, yet known to exhibit extreme variance under many designs and in many settings of interest. With a fixed clustering of the interference graph, graph cluster randomization (GCR) designs have been shown to greatly reduce variance compared to node-level random assignment, but even so the variance is still often prohibitively large. In this work we propose a randomized version of the GCR design, descriptively named randomized graph cluster randomization (RGCR), which uses a random clustering rather than a single fixed clustering. By considering an ensemble of many different cluster assignments, this design avoids a key problem with GCR where a given node is sometimes "lucky" or "unlucky" in a given clustering. We propose two randomized graph decomposition algorithms for use with RGCR, randomized 3-net and 1-hop-max, adapted from prior work on multiway graph cut problems. When integrating over their own randomness, these algorithms furnish network exposure probabilities that can be estimated efficiently. We develop upper bounds on the variance of the HT estimator of the GATE under assumptions on the metric structure of the interference graph. Where the best known variance upper bound for the HT estimator under a GCR design is exponential in the parameters of the metric structure, we give a comparable variance upper bound under RGCR that is instead polynomial in the same parameters. We provide extensive simulations comparing RGCR and GCR designs, observing substantial reductions in the mean squared error for both HT and Hajek estimators of the GATE in a variety of settings.
Marginalism: By Bert Mosselmans, Newcastle upon Tyne, Agenda Publishing, 2018, 192 pp., £50.00 (hardback), £15.00 (paperback), ISBN 9781911116660 (hardback); 9781911116677 (paperback)

This title is a short but concise book covering the emergence and development of marginalism, defined in very general terms as “a branch of economic theory that investigates what goes on at the mar...
Proteomic Profiling of MIS-C Patients Reveals Heterogeneity Relating to Interferon Gamma Dysregulation and Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction

Multi-system Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a major complication of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in pediatric patients. Weeks after an often mild or asymptomatic initial infection with SARS-CoV-2 children may present with a severe shock-like picture and marked inflammation. Children with MIS-C present with varying degrees of cardiovascular and hyperinflammatory symptoms. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the plasma proteome of more than 1400 proteins in children with SARS-CoV-2. We hypothesized that the proteome would reflect heterogeneity in hyperinflammation and vascular injury, and further identify pathogenic mediators of disease. Protein signatures demonstrated overlap between MIS-C, and the inflammatory syndromes macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). We demonstrate that PLA2G2A is a key marker of MIS-C that associates with TMA. We found that IFNγ responses are dysregulated in MIS-C patients, and that IFNγ levels delineate clinical heterogeneity.
Overall and COVID-19-specific citation impact of highly visible COVID-19 media experts: bibliometric analysis.

Objective To evaluate whether the COVID-19 experts who appear most frequently in media have high citation impact for their research overall, and for their COVID-19 peer-reviewed publications in particular and to examine the representation of women among such experts. Design Cross-linking of data sets of most highly visible COVID-19 media experts with citation data on the impact of their published work (career-long publication record and COVID-19-specific work). Setting Cable news appearance in prime-time programming or overall media appearances. Participants Most highly visible COVID-19 media experts in the USA, Switzerland, Greece and Denmark. Interventions None. Outcome measures Citation data from Scopus along with discipline-specific ranks of overall career-long and COVID-19-specific impact based on a previously validated composite citation indicator. Results We assessed 76 COVID-19 experts who were highly visible in US prime-time cable news, and 50, 12 and 2 highly visible experts in media in Denmark, Greece and Switzerland, respectively. Of those, 23/76, 10/50, 2/12 and 0/2 were among the top 2% of overall citation impact among scientists in the same discipline worldwide. Moreover, 37/76, 15/50, 7/12 and 2/2 had published anything on COVID-19 that was indexed in Scopus as of 30 August 2021. Only 18/76, 6/50, 2/12 and 0/2 of the highly visible COVID-19 media experts were women. 55 scientists in the USA, 5 in Denmark, 64 in Greece and 56 in Switzerland had a higher citation impact for their COVID-19 work than any of the evaluated highly visible media COVID-19 experts in the respective country; 10/55, 2/5, 22/64 and 14/56 of them were women. Conclusions Despite notable exceptions, there is a worrisome disconnect between COVID-19 claimed media expertise and scholarship. Highly cited women COVID-19 experts are rarely included among highly visible media experts.
Fast Computation of Perturbed Normal Modes

This paper presents an operations count and a convergence theorem for modeling sound fields in the ocean using a special algorithm for computing perturbed normal modes. We convert the perturbed normal mode problem to an infinite algebraic eigenproblem, truncate this to finite size, and estimate its operations count to be of the order of n2 log(n).
Violence prevention in the schools: Implications for occupational therapy

The prevalence of violence in the United States has begun to take its toll on the youth in schools. As children spend the majority of their waking hours in school, it is there that programs to prevent violence should be implemented. Various factors compiled from the literature including traits of children "at risk", lack of adult supervision, and architectural barriers, are identified as contributing to on-campus crime. Skills training for educators, school officials, parents, and children, in addition to reduction of architectural barriers, are discussed as methods to promote awareness and prevention. Implications for occupational therapy practitioners are discussed.
Easy proofs of Riemann’s functional equation for () and of Lipschitz summation

We present a new, simple proof, based upon Poisson summation, of the Lipschitz summation formula. A conceptually easy corollary is the functional relation for the Hurwitz zeta function. As a direct consequence we obtain a short, motivated proof of Riemann's functional equation for ((s). INTRODUCTION We present a short and motivated proof of Riemann's functional equation for Riemann's zeta function ((s) = EZ l ' initially defined in the half plane Re(s) > 1. In fact we prove the slightly more general functional relation for the Hurwitz zeta function
Selective deacylation of arachidonate-containing ethanolamine-linked phosphoglycerides in stimulated human neutrophils.

Abstract The involvement of the ethanolamine-linked phosphoglyceride fraction (PE) in neutrophil signal transduction is suggested by the stimulus-induced release of arachidonic acid from PE (Chilton, F. H., and Connell, T. R. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 5260-5265) and by the synthesis of acetylated PE species, predominantly 1-O-alk-1'-enyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (alkenylacetyl-GPE; Tessner, T. G., and Wykle, R. L. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 12660-12664) in stimulated cells. In the studies reported here, we investigated the relationship between arachidonic acid release from PE and generation of the lysophospholipid precursor required in the biosynthesis of alkenylacetyl-GPE. In order to follow these reactions, we prelabeled neutrophils with 1-O-[3H]alk-1'-enyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (alkenyl-acyl-GPE). We also followed the hydrolysis of endogenous PE by analysis as the dinitrophenyl derivative using a high pressure liquid chromatography method we developed. Our results coupled with those of Chilton et al. (Chilton, F. H., Ellis, J. M., Olson, S. C., and Wykle, R. L. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 12014-12019) indicate that in human neutrophils the metabolism of alkenylacyl-GPE and alkylacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (GPC) are strikingly similar with regard to arachidonate metabolism. When added to neutrophils, both 1-O-[3H]alkenyl-2-lyso-GPE and 1-O-[3H]alkyl-2-lyso-GPC are acylated predominantly with arachidonic acid, and the resulting arachidonoyl-containing phospholipids are extensively deacylated upon stimulation. However, hydrolysis of PE in the neutrophil differs from hydrolysis of choline-containing phosphoglycerides in that stimulation leads to a greater accumulation of the ethanolamine-linked lysophospholipid. A comparison of the molecular species of endogenous PE (based on molar concentrations measured as the dinitrophenyl derivative) from resting and stimulated neutrophils indicated that only those species which contain arachidonate are significantly hydrolyzed.
Hugo Riemann and the birth of modern musical thought

1. Riemann's moonshine experiment 2. The responsibilities of nineteenth-century music theory 3. Riemann's musical logic and the 'as if' 4. Musical syntax, nationhood and universality 5. Beethoven's deafness and tone imaginations Epilogue Glossary: Riemann's key terms as explained in the Musik-Lexikon (5th edn, 1900).
The Performance of Juvenile Offenders on the Test of Memory Malingering

The Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM; Tombaugh, 1996) is a widely used measure of response style and effort. Although it has been shown to be a helpful measure in a variety of adult samples, there are no norms based on the performance of children and adolescents. The present study investigated the TOMM performance of adolescents who are involved in the juvenile court system. Their performance was compared against adult normative data and analyzed by levels of intellectual functioning. Overall, the adolescents performed at levels that have been found in adult community samples, thus indicating that adult norms for the TOMM can be used with adolescents of a wide range of intellectual functioning.
Glutaminase of Escherichia coli I. PURIFICATION AND GENERAL CATALYTIC PROPERTIES

Abstract A glutaminase has been isolated from Escherichia coli in apparently homogeneous form. Two active sites per molecule are revealed by titration of the active sites with the specific analogue inhibitor, 6-14C-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine, and estimation of molecular weight by gel filtration (mol wt 110,000). The pure enzyme has a specific activity, at pH 5.0 and 25°, of 1,520 µmoles per min per mg of protein, or a turnover number (kcat) per active site of 1,265 sec-1 when glutamine is the substrate. Km and kcat values are reported for the known substrates, which include amides, esters, and thioesters of glutamic acid. From studies with a large number of structurally related compounds it is concluded that the enzyme will bind only substances having an unsubstituted l-glutamyl acyl portion and a substituent in the γ position no larger than 2-hydroxyethylamino or 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, and will hydrolyze only those in which the substituent is no larger than methylamino or ethoxy. Transfer of the acyl moiety to hydroxylamine or methanol occurs, but at a relatively low rate. It is concluded that the enzyme has a "water site." Heavy metals inhibit the enzyme, but iodoacetate, iodoacetamide, N-ethylmaleimide, diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate, ethylenediaminetetraacetate, o-phenanthroline, and hydrogen peroxide do not. These observations suggest that this enzyme is not related to other well known enzymes with similar catalytic action, such as the serine esterases, thiol acylases, or metal-dependent acylases.
Selecting agents for narrative roles

We present ongoing work on a system that accommodates player agency in a digital narrative with an external plot. We focus on key events that should occur in that storyline for dramatic effect, but do not explicitly specify the characters that should fill the roles needed for those events. Instead, we define them abstractly, with characteristics that the selected characters should have (including previous events they should have completed for eligibility), and rely on a Director construct to populate those roles from agents in the selection pool that fit those criteria. Agents begin as largely homogeneous, primordial entities that accumulate data and narrative value from the events in which they participate. This creates an environment that differentiates characters by the actions they perform, conferring worth onto characters that become important to the player based on their direct involvement in the plot. The focus, then, is on defining a priori the what of the narrative, while leaving it to the Director construct to decide at runtime exactly who among a distributed pool of agents carries it out.
Understory plant species composition in remnant stands along an urban-to-rural land-use gradient

We examined the understory species composition of 24 remnant forest stands along an urban-to-rural gradient in the metropolitan Milwaukee, Wisconsin region to determine the relationships between plant community composition, human disturbance, and contrasting types of land use along a gradient of urbanization. A significant difference was found in shrub species community composition among three contrasting land-use categories but no significant difference was found in herbaceous community composition. Significant differences in human activity existed among rural, urban, and urbanizing land-use categories, but this index of disturbance was not significantly correlated to gradients in species composition. All stands in this study had been subjected to various types of human activity and environmental disturbances in the past. Our data suggest that differences in the relative importance of understory species exist among stands but these differences may not be caused by the impacts of urbanization alone. Changes in the natural disturbance regime of this landscape, along with the impacts associated with urbanization, have led to an individualistic response in the compositional dynamics of forest stands.
A tri-space visualization interface for analyzing time-varying multivariate volume data

The dataset generated by a large-scale numerical simulation may include thousands of timesteps and hundreds of variables describing different aspects of the modeled physical phenomena. In order to analyze and understand such data, scientists need the capability to explore simultaneously in the temporal, spatial, and variable domains of the data. Such capability, however, is not generally provided by conventional visualization tools. This paper presents a new visualization interface addressing this problem. The interface consists of three components which abstracts the complexity of exploring in temporal, variable, and spatial domain, respectively. The first component displays time histograms of the data, helps the user identify timesteps of interest, and also helps specify time-varying features. The second component displays correlations between variables in parallel coordinates and enables the user to verify those correlations and possibly identity unanticipated ones. The third component allows the user to more closely explore and validate the data in spatial domain while rendering multiple variables into a single visualization in a user controllable fashion. Each of these three components is not only an interface but is also the visualization itself, thus enabling efficient screen-space usage. The three components are tightly linked to facilitate tri-space data exploration, which offers scientists new power to study their time-varying, multivariate volume data.
Use of human engineering standards in design

Results are presented for a research study intended to assess the impact of present human engineering standards on product design. The approach consisted of three basic steps: a comparison of two display panels to determine if, in fact, products designed to the same standards are truly standardized; a review of two existing standards to determine how well their information can be used to solve design problems; and a survey of human factors specialists to assess their opinions about standards. It is shown that standards have less than the desired influence on product design. This is evidenced by a lack of standardization between hardware designed under common standards, by deficiencies within the standards that detract from their usefulness and encourage users to ignore them, and by the respondents of the survey who consider standards less valuable than other reference sources for design implementation. Recommendations aimed at enhancing the use of standards are set forth.
An improved, explosively actuated closing switch for pulsed power applications

An improved, explosively actuated closing switch has been developed for the Pegasus II capacitor bank. The new switch design uses an annular metal jet as the switch contact. It has lower resistance and inductance at early time than the original design. A parallel array of 24 switches on Pegasus II has a resistance of less than 10 [mu][Omega] after 300 ns. Measured time behaviors include an intrinsic jitter of 50 ns and a switching delay that depends inversely on the applied voltage.
Moho interface beneath Yakutat terrane, southern Alaska

[1] We use air gun shots recorded by ocean-bottom and land seismometers to constrain a 3-D velocity structure and a Moho interface depth for the Yakutat terrane in southern Alaska. We use a tomographic inversion of ~61,000 first-arrival picks from 64 receivers to create a 3-D velocity model. The average velocity-depth function north of the coastline has velocities at the surface of ~4–5 km/s, increasing to velocities of >6 km/s at ~12–13 km below the surface. Average velocities at the surface are slower near the coast (3.8 km/s) than under the highest topography (4.7 km/s). We carry out an interface inversion of ~19,000 PmP reflection picks from 50 receivers to constrain a 2-D Moho interface model. The average Moho depth of the Yakutat terrane in the marine portion of our study area is ~30 km, but depth rapidly increases onshore to 40–45 km beneath the high topography of the Chugach-St. Elias Mountains. Moho depths are consistent with Airy isostasy beneath the orogen. Our data set supports a continuous Moho at the base of the Yakutat terrane, with no evidence for Pacific oceanic crust underthrusting the Yakutat terrane. We present several geologic models for crustal thickening beneath the Chugach-St. Elias orogen that are consistent with the seismic observations and surface geology and compare these models with geologic mapping in the region. We argue that crustal thickening and topography at the Chugach-St. Elias Mountains is obtained via a duplex system that produces a vertically growing antiformal stack of sedimentary and metasedimentary material.
Automated forecasting of volcanic ash dispersion utilizing Virtual Globes

There are over 100 active volcanoes in the North Pacific (NOPAC) region, most of which are located in sparsely populated areas. Dispersion models play an important role in forecasting the movement of volcanic ash clouds by complementing both remote sensing data and visual observations from the ground and aircraft. Puff is a three-dimensional dispersion model, primarily designed for forecasting volcanic ash dispersion, used by the Alaska Volcano Observatory and other agencies. Since early 2007, the model is in an automated mode to predict the movement of airborne volcanic ash at multiple elevated alert status volcanoes worldwide to provide immediate information when an eruption occurs. Twelve of the predictions are within the NOPAC region, nine more within the southern section of the Pacific ring of fire and the others are in Europe and the Caribbean. Model forecasts are made for initial ash plumes ranging from 4 to 20 km altitude above sea level and for a 24-h forecast period. This information is made available via the Puff model website. Model results can be displayed in Virtual Globes for three-dimensional visualization. Here, we show operational Puff predictions in two and three-dimensions in Google Earth®, both as iso-surfaces and particles, and study past eruptions to illustrate the capabilities that the Virtual Globes can provide. In addition, we show the opportunity that Google Maps® provides in displaying Puff operational predictions via an application programming web interface and how radiosonde data (vertical soundings) and numerical weather prediction vertical profiles can be displayed in Virtual Globes for assisting in estimating ash cloud heights.
Microspectrophotometry of the visual pigment of the spider crab Libinia emarginata

Isolated dark-adapted rhabdoms from the spider crab Libinia emarginata were examined by microspectrophotometry to determine the visual pigments present and their light-sensitive characteristics. The rhabdoms contain a single pigment with λmax=493 nm. Upon one minute irradiation with bright orange light this pigment forms a light-stable photoproduct with nearly the same λmax as the parent pigment but with slightly greater absorption to the long wavelength side of the absorption peak. On exposure to orange or yellow light in the presence of 5% glutaraldehyde, however, the pigment of Libinia rhabdoms bleaches slowly. The photosensitive pigment of properly oriented, transversely illuminated rhabdoms shows isotropic and dichroic regions, corresponding to layers of the rhabdom in which the microvilli are respectively parallel and perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the measuring beam. The maximum dichroic ratio is about 2, with most absorption when the plane of polarization is parallel to the microvillar axes.
Comparison of Histopathologic Features, Clinical Symptoms, and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rates in Biopsy-Positive Temporal Arteritis

Purpose To compare the histopathologic stage of temporal arteritis observed in biopsy-positive specimens with clinical symptoms and erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR). Also, to compare the degree of involvement of biopsies from the right versus left side in patients receiving bilateral biopsies. Design Retrospective case series. Participants Thirty-seven patients, 30 of whom received unilateral biopsies and 7 of whom had bilateral biopsies. Methods Biopsy specimens were reviewed and assigned a severity score on the basis of the presence of histopathologic features known to be associated with temporal arteritis. The charts for these patients were then reviewed, and patients' clinical symptoms were classified by use of an ordinal scale of severity. The first level of severity entailed headache or superficial pain without any other symptoms. The second level included constitutional symptoms such as weight loss, anorexia, fever, and fatigue. The third level of severity included the presence of visual manifestations. The ESR values were also recorded from patients' charts and examined as a continuous variable. Results There is a statistically significant correlation between histopathologic stage of disease observed in biopsy specimens and clinical presentation. ( P P = 0.09). There was significant variation of ESR values among the 3 levels of clinical severity (analysis of variance test yielded P = 0.04). By use of the independent samples t test, we found that mean ESR values from patients with constitutional symptoms and visual symptoms were not statistically different ( P nonsignificant), yet patients with only headache/superficial tenderness had significantly lower ESR values than the rest of our patient population ( P = 0.009). Last, we found that the mean difference in biopsy severity was significantly above zero ( P Conclusions Because of the strong correlation between biopsy severity and clinical presentation, this study supports the use of temporal artery biopsy to identify patients' risk for complications caused by temporal arteritis. Furthermore, this study indicates that ESR may be more elevated in patients with constitutional or visual symptoms than in patients with headache or scalp pain. Finally, the pathologic grade of the disease may differ significantly from 1 side to the contralateral side.
Mental colors, conceptual overlap, and discriminating knowledge of particulars☆

Abstract I respond to the separate commentaries by Jacob Berger, Charlie Pelling, and David Pereplyotchik on my paper, “Color-Consciousness Conceptualism.” I resist Berger’s suggestion that mental colors ever enter consciousness without accompaniment by deployments of concepts of their extra-mental counterparts. I express concerns about Pelling’s proposal that a more uniform conceptualist treatment of phenomenal sorites can be gained by a simple appeal to the partial overlap of the extensions of some concepts. I question the relevance to perceptual consciousness of the arguments for demonstrative concepts that Pereplyotchik attacks.
“Taste Of Health”: National Nutrition Month Activity for Western Indiana District Dietetic Association and American Heart Association, Lafayette Affiliate

Abstract LEARNING OUTCOME: To examine a successful public education activity which was conducted in collaboration with the local AHA affiliate and members of WIDDA. In Spring 1996, Dietitians from the District Dietetic Association collaborated with the local affiliate, American Heart Association (AHA) to hold the "Taste of Health" based on the ‘96 NNM Theme "Enjoy the variety of Food Choices". Twenty restaurants were recruited through letters describing the activity followed up by telephone contacts. After initial contact, a Registered Dietitian was assigned to work with each restaurant to determine "Heart Healthy" menu items that would be appropriate for the "Taste". Each restaurant identified one entree and an additional item, e.g. soup, bread, vegetable, dessert. Registered Dietitians assisted in analysis of recipes to determine compliance to heart healthy guidelines based on a daily allowance for 2000 kcalories with 30% fat, 10% saturated fat, 300mg cholesterol and 3000mg sodium. For the current project, the dinner meal was considered to be 2/3 of the daily total. In addition to restaurant recruitment, Registered Dietitians worked with AHA members arranging entertainment, decorations, advertising and ticket sales. A successful event was the result of members of both groups working together to bring a first class nutrition education activity to the public.