cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Thermokarst Lakes on the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska: Geomorphic Controls on Bathymetry

Detailed bathymetric data were collected for 28 thermokarst lakes across the Arctic Coastal Plain (ACP) of northern Alaska from areas with distinctly different surficial sediments and topography. Lakes found in the low-relief coastal area have developed in marine silts that are ice-rich in the upper 6–10 m. The lakes tend to be shallow (~ 2 m), of uniform depth and lack prominent littoral shelves. Further inland on the ACP, lakes have formed in relatively ice-poor aeolian sand deposits. In this hilly terrain, average lake depth is less (~ 1 m) despite deeper (3–5 m) central pools. This bathymetry reflects the influence of broad, shallow littoral shelves where sand, eroded from bluffs at the lake margin, is deposited concurrently with deep penetration of the talik beneath the basin centre. Lakes in the ACP-Arctic Foothills transition zone to the south have developed in loess uplands. These yedoma deposits are extremely ice-rich, and residual lakes found inside old lake basins (alases) are generally 2–4 m deep, reflecting continued talik development and ground subsidence following drainage of the original lake. However, where the expanding lake encroaches on the flanks of the upland at actively eroding bluffs, near-shore pools develop that can be 6–9 m deep. It appears that thawing of ice-rich permafrost during lake expansion causes ground subsidence and formation of deep pools above ablating ice wedges. These data suggest that thermokarst lake morphometry largely depends on the characteristics of the substrate beneath the lake and the availability of sediments eroded at the lake margin. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transient response of rod outer segment cGMP phosphodiesterase to actinic light pulses: II. Detailed quantitative kinetic model

Abstract In the accompanying article (Schmidt, J.A., and Yguerabide, J. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 19790-19803), we presented a minimal quantitative kinetic model with one rate-limiting step for the transient response of rod outer segment (ROS) phosphodiesterase (PDE) to stimulating light pulses of low fractional bleach (linear response range) and showed that the model was in excellent quantitative agreement with experimental results. The model characterizes the PDE response in terms of the specific rate constant of the rate-limiting step, kL, the lifetime of photoactivated rhodopsin, tau R, and the lifetime of activated PDE, tau P, but makes no predictions on how these kinetic parameters should depend on the concentrations of the various reactive species involved in the PDE response to light and does not reveal the nature of the rate-limiting step. However, we established by curve fitting experimental data to theoretical expressions from the model that kL increases hyperbolically with [GTP], tau R decreases with [GTP], and tau P is independent of GTP. In this report we present three detailed kinetic models which make specific quantitative predictions on how the kinetic parameters of the minimal model should depend on nucleotide and G protein concentrations and test the models against experimental data. Each model consists of one rate-limiting step. The first detailed model postulates that the rate-limiting step is the dissociation of R*GT into R* and GT (T stands for GTP). The second model postulates that the rate-limiting step is the binding of GTP to R*G, and the third model postulates that the rate-limiting step is the encounter rate of R* and G on the ROS disc membrane. We find that only the first detailed model is consistent with the experimental results as characterized by the minimal model. Using this detailed model we (a) define kL and tau R in terms of more fundamental equilibrium and rate parameters, (b) develop a theory for the systematic evaluation of amplification or gain of the PDE light response from light-stimulated GTP-binding data as well as v(t) versus t graphs, and (c) clarify methods which have been used in the past to evaluate gain experimentally.
Delamination detection of composite plates using fiber optic sensors

An experimental study is conducted to evaluate the performance of surface-mounted fiber optic strain sensors for delamination damage detection in eight-layer symmetric cross-ply Graphite/Epoxy composite plates. Teflon film and waxed paper inserts were embedded to model delamination experimentally. Extrinsic Fabry-Perot fiber optic sensors were used to detect such pre-existing delaminations. A fringe-order identification computer program for interferometric optical fiber strain sensors is used for automated strain detection. The responses of surface mounted Fabry-Perot optical fiber sensors due to real-time low velocity impact of rigid spheres with the delaminated and healthy composites were analyzed with respect to the first impact strain peak. The data was validated by measurements of out-of-plane acceleration using conventional piezo accelerometers.
On ensuring safety and liveness properties of concurrent models in SystemC [student course applications]

Potential for reuse and performance improvement have motivated multi-threaded, multi-core applications on current SoCs (system on a chip). Concurrency has thus surfaced as a major challenge in SoC. Traditional design and verification approaches are not cost-effective in exposing concurrency failures; this inability can lead to significantly increased time to market and field failures. To test for concurrency problems early on, one would have to develop abstract concurrency models and do exhaustive analysis on these models. We discuss in this paper a graduate course on concurrency modeling where we used such abstract concurrency models prior to coding. For use in software-hardware co-design, we integrated this modeling methodology with SystemC. We have documented the results with several examples.
PP2A activation in vivo is sufficient to disrupt interactions among vascular Akt-Hsp90-eNOS (1013.16)

We have shown in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) treated with palmitate (P) and in arteries from obese mice that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) associates directly with eNOS. When PP2A co-lo...
A New MRI-Based Model of Heart Function with Coupled Hemodynamics and Application to Normal and Diseased Canine Left Ventricles.

A methodology for the simulation of heart function that combines an MRI-based model of cardiac electromechanics (CE) with a Navier-Stokes based hemodynamics (NSH) model is presented. The cardiac electromechanics model consists of two coupled components that simulate the electrical and the mechanical functions of the heart. Accurate representations of ventricular geometry and fiber orientations are constructed from the structural magnetic resonance and the diffusion tensor MR images, respectively. The deformation of the ventricle obtained from the electromechanical model serves as input to the hemodynamics model in this one-way coupled approach via imposed kinematic wall-velocity boundary conditions and at the same time, governs the blood flow into and out of the ventricular volume. The time-dependent endocardial surfaces are registered using a diffeomorphic mapping algorithm while the intraventricular blood flow patterns are simulated using a sharp-interface immersed boundary method based flow solver. The utility of the combined heart function model is demonstrated by comparing the hemodynamic characteristics of a normal canine heart beating in sinus rhythm (SR) against that of the dyssynchronously-beating failing heart. We also discuss the potential of coupled cardiac electromechanics and hemodynamics models for various clinical applications.
RECTANGULAR WORLD MAPS—NO!

(1990). RECTANGULAR WORLD MAPS—NO! The Professional Geographer: Vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 101-104.
Lightweight inflatable shadow shields for cryogenic space vehicles.

Lightweight inflatable shadow shields for cryogenic space vehicles and performance in conjunction with superinsulation
Growth rates of manganese-rich nodules at MANOP Site H (Eastern North Pacific)

Abstract Estimates of the growth rates of ferromanganese nodules at MANOP Site H (6°33′N, 92°49′W) lie between 7 and 1200 mm/my. The most probable range (estimated from nodule size distributions, nodule chemistry, accumulation rates of authigenic elements and U-series modeling) is 30–300 mm/my. Such rates are much faster than measured values for most pelagic nodules. The distributions of U-series and stable elements suggest that a typical nodule consists of two compositionally distinct non-detrital components, one rich in Mn, U and Sb, and the other in Fe, Co, REE, Ni, Cu and Th. When the uncorrected U-series data, which do not show simple decay patterns with depth, are normalized to the relative proportion of the Fe-rich component, the data yield well-constrained growth rates of 55 mm/my for a nodule top and 200 mm/my for its bottom. The component enriched in Mn, which is most abundant on nodule bottoms, appears to accrete much faster than the component enriched in Fe.
Risks of bilateral internal mammary artery bypass grafting

Although use of one internal mammary artery (IMA) for coronary artery bypass grafting does not appear to be associated with increased risk, the results with both IMAs are less certain; the potential for a higher incidence of sternal wound infection as a result of devascularization of the sternum is a major concern. During a 42-month interval ending July 1988, 1,566 patients had coronary artery bypass grafting alone or in combination with other procedures: 633 received only vein grafts, 687 had unilateral IMA grafting, and 246 had bilateral IMA grafting. The IMA patients were younger, were more often male, had better cardiac function, and underwent fewer emergent, urgent, or combined procedures than the patients receiving vein grafts (p less than 0.05). Thirty-day mortality was lower among the IMA patients (unilateral IMA group, 2.8%; bilateral IMA group, 3.7%; and vein graft group, 7.9%; p = 0.001). With the exception of sternal wound problems, occurrence rates for postoperative complications among the IMA patients did not differ significantly from or were lower (p less than 0.05) than those among the patients with vein grafts. Sternal infections occurred with greater frequency among the bilateral IMA patients (6.9%) than among the unilateral IMA (1.9%) or vein graft (1.3%) patients (p = 0.001). By univariate analysis, obesity, diabetes, bilateral IMA grafting, and need for prolonged (greater than 48 hours) mechanical ventilation were associated with a significantly higher incidence of sternal infection (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
SU-E-T-602: Comparison of Treatment Techniques for Pelvic Node Irradiation: Intensity-Modulated Photons versus Protons.

Purpose:Radiotherapy planning for iliac pelvic nodes can be challenging due to the close proximity of sensitive healthy tissues such as the bowel and rectum. Modern treatment techniques like photon intensity‐modulated radiotherapy(IMRT) and intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT) offer improved healthy tissue sparing for similar target coverage. In this study we compare IMRT and IMPT plans for six post‐cystectomy patients. Methods: A dose of 50.4 Gy was prescribed to the planning target volume (PTV), which for IMRT is the clinical target volume (CTV) plus a 5 mm expansion for geometric uncertainties due to CTV and patient positioning errors, and for proton beams is the CTV plus the lateral 5 mm margin plus an additional longitudinal margin to allow for the proton range uncertainty. The optimization objectives are: 98% of the PTV receive at least 95% of the prescription, target maximum dose = 107% of prescription, rectum V[40Gy] < 30% and max = 105%, and bowel V[45Gy] < 125 cc and max = 107%. All IMRT and IMPT plans are made to achieve the target coverage objective. Results: Using IMPT, the rectum would receive a mean dose of 9.0 Gy with an average (over the six patients) maximum dose of 38.1 Gy. Using IMRT, the rectum would receive a mean dose of 13.0 Gy and an average maximum dose of 37.6 Gy. The IMPT plans give a mean dose of 17.9 Gy and a maximum dose of 53.4 Gy for the bowel, whereas the IMRT plans give a mean dose of 23.8 Gy and a maximum dose of 53.2 Gy. Both the rectum and bowel show slightly lower mean doses for IMPT. Conclusions: Our results indicate that IMPT plans improve normal tissue sparing as compared to IMRT plans and provide adequate dose coverage of the target volume.
Taste Responsiveness to Sweeteners Is Resistant to Elevations in Plasma Leptin

There is uncertainty about the relationship between plasma leptin and sweet taste in mice. Whereas 2 studies have reported that elevations in plasma leptin diminish responsiveness to sweeteners, another found that they enhanced responsiveness to sucrose. We evaluated the impact of plasma leptin on sweet taste in C57BL/6J (B6) and leptin-deficient ob/ob mice. Although mice expressed the long-form leptin receptor (LepRb) selectively in Type 2 taste cells, leptin failed to activate a critical leptin-signaling protein, STAT3, in taste cells. Similarly, we did not observe any impact of intraperitoneal (i.p.) leptin treatment on chorda tympani nerve responses to sweeteners in B6 or ob/ob mice. Finally, there was no effect of leptin treatment on initial licking responses to several sucrose concentrations in B6 mice. We confirmed that basal plasma leptin levels did not exceed 10ng/mL, regardless of time of day, physiological state, or body weight, suggesting that taste cell LepRb were not desensitized to leptin in our studies. Furthermore, i.p. leptin injections produced plasma leptin levels that exceeded those previously reported to exert taste effects. We conclude that any effect of plasma leptin on taste responsiveness to sweeteners is subtle and manifests itself only under specific experimental conditions.
Influences of parameter uncertainties within the ICRP 66 respiratory tract model: particle deposition.

Quantifying radiological risk following the inhalation of radioactive aerosols entails not only an assessment of particle deposition within respiratory tract regions but a full accounting of clearance mechanisms whereby particles may be translocated to adjacent respiratory tissue regions, absorbed to blood, or released to the gastrointestinal tract. The model outlined in ICRP Publication 66 represents to date one of the most complete overall descriptions of particle deposition and clearance, as well as localized radiation dosimetry, within the respiratory tract. In this study, a previous review of the ICRP-66 deposition model is extended to the study of the subsequent clearance model. A systematic review of the clearance component within the ICRP 66 respiratory tract model was conducted in which probability density functions were assigned to all input parameters for both 239PuO2 and 238UO2/238U3O8. These distributions were subsequently incorporated within a computer code LUDUC (Lung Dose Uncertainty Code) in which Latin hypercube sampling techniques are used to generate multiple (e.g., 1,000) sets of input vectors (i.e., trials) for all model parameters needed to assess mechanical clearance and particle dissolution/absorption. Integral numbers of nuclear disintegrations, U(s), in various lung regions were shown to be well-described by lognormal probability distributions. Of the four extrathoracic clearance compartments of the respiratory tract, uncertainties in U(s), expressed as the ratio of its 95% to 5% confidence levels, were highest within the LN(ET) tissues for 239PuO2 (ratio of 50 to 130) and within the ET(seq) tissues for 238UO2/238U3O8 (ratio of 12 to 50). Peak uncertainties in U(s) in these respiratory regions occurred at particle sizes of approximately 0.5-0.6 microm where uncertainties in ET2 particle deposition fractions accounted for only approximately 10% of the total U(s) uncertainty for 239PuO2, and only approximately 30% of the total U(s) uncertainty for 238UO2/238U3O8 (the remainder is attributed to the clearance model alone). Of the eight clearance compartments within the thoracic regions of the respiratory tract, and for particle sizes below approximately 5 microm, uncertainties in U(s) were highest within the LN(TH) tissues for 239PuO2 (ratio of 60 to 80) and within the BB(seq) tissues for 238UO2/238U3O8 (ratio of 20 and 60). At particle sizes exceeding approximately 5 microm in aerodynamic diameter, peak uncertainties in U(s) are noted for the AI, bb(seq), and bb1 clearance compartments. As the particle size approaches 10 microm in size, uncertainties in U(s) within these three thoracic tissue regions approach a factor of 1,000 and are dominated by corresponding uncertainties in particle deposition.
The Role of Testosterone in Cyclosporine‐Induced Osteopenia

Our laboratory has demonstrated that the immunosuppressants Cyclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus (FK506), in vivo in the rat, produce a high-turnover osteopenia. CsA is known to decrease serum testosterone (Test) levels both in the rat and in human transplant patients. Less is known of FK506's effect on androgens. CsA-induced hypogonadism may contribute to the aforementioned bone loss because hypogonadism itself is a risk factor for osteoporosis and fracture. The aim of this study was to assess serum androgen levels following CsA and FK506 therapy and to see whether Test replacement therapy, in the form of 28-day controlled release subcutaneous pellet implants, could prevent CsA-induced osteopenia. Two experiments were conducted. In experiment I, four groups of 6-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats received the following: (A) CsA vehicle and placebo pellet, (B) Test 15 mg pellet and CsA vehicle, (C) CsA 10 mg/kg and placebo pellet, (D) Test 15 mg pellet and CsA 10 mg/kg. In experiment II, two groups of rats received (E) FK506 vehicle and (F) FK506 4 mg/kg. CsA, FK506, and vehicles were given for 28 days by daily oral gavage. The rats were weighed and bled on days 0, 14, and 28. All rats received double fluorescent labeling, and on day 28 the tibiae were removed for histomorphometry. Whole blood was assayed for CsA and FK506 levels. Serum was assayed for total and free Test as well as for osteocalcin (BGP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and calcium. Whole blood monoclonal CsA levels measured by fluorescent immunoassay were in the therapeutic range, while a drug concentration profile showed good absorption of FK506. Those rats receiving Test and FK506 lost weight, while those receiving CsA remained constant. BUN was only marginally elevated in the CsA-treated groups on day 28 (p < 0.05), while creatinine was unchanged. On day 28, total and free Test was significantly reduced in the CsA-treated rats versus control (p < 0.05), while Test replacement therapy maintained total Test levels above vehicle (p < 0.01) and free Test levels similar to vehicle on day 28. FK506 did not lower total or free Test levels. BGP levels were significantly increased in the CsA (p < 0.01) and FK506 (p < 0.001) groups on day 28. BGP in the groups receiving Test alone and in combination with CsA remained similar to vehicle. Histomorphometry confirmed CsA- and FK506-induced high-turnover osteopenia. The Test alone group marginally increased bone formation. Test replacement failed to prevent the CsA-induced bone loss. In conclusion, immunosuppressive doses of CsA, but not FK506, lowers serum total and free Test. Hypoandrogenemia does not seem to be a major factor in CsA-induced osteopenia because bone loss occurs despite Test replacement.
Energy-level systematics of odd-mass lanthanum isotopes; a new coupling scheme

Abstract Heavy-ion reactions have been used to populate states in the odd-A La nuclei (A = 125 → 137). The γ-ray spectra indicate strong population of a band based on the 11 2 − state of each isotope. The character of this band indicates a new type of coupling, and can only be explained if the state has a prolate deformation. This is in contrast to earlier suggestions of oblate shapes for these nuclei.
Sorption of uranyl cations onto inactivated cells of alfalfa biomass investigated using chemical modification, ICP-OES, and XAS.

Studies have shown that biomaterials have the capacity to adsorb heavy metals and metal oxo-cations from aqueous solution. In addition, previous studies have shown that biomaterials have the abilit...
Anthropology and Occupational Therapy in Community-based Practice

Anthropology and occupational therapy concepts can be successfully integrated in the practical application of services within a community-based program for low-income residents, primarily immigrants and refugees, living in a large urban apartment complex. As this article will highlight, there are advantages inherent in this collaborative interdisciplinary approach. Occupational therapy benefits from anthropology's broad view of systems, power, meaning, and cultural norms and conversely, anthropology can benefit from occupational therapy's drive to have an impact on the daily lives of individuals.
Analysis of growth rate in Mya arenaria using the Von Bertalanffy equation

Field studies were conducted in Gloucester, Massachusetts, USA, to determine linear shell growth rates for Mya arenaria. These rates were then compared with those reported for the same species from other locations. Most shell deposition occurred from March through November of each year. Winter interruptions in growth were not as marked in the small clams as in the larger ones (>60.0 mm). Annual variations in growth were slight during the period 1973–1974. Growth of mature clams (>35.0 mm) slowed during the spawning season. No significant sexual dimorphism in mean annual growth rates was detected. Winter rings were shown to be a reliable method for determining age in clams from Gloucester. Age-size relationships, based on two independent measures of annual growth, winter rings and tagging experiments, were computed using the Von Bertalanffy growth equation. No well-defined latitudinal patcerns in growth could be established for M. arenaria.
Coefficients of Determination for Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis

Abstract Coefficients of determination for continuous predicted values (R 2 analogs) in logistic regression are examined for their conceptual and mathematical similarity to the familiar R 2 statistic from ordinary least squares regression, and compared to coefficients of determination for discrete predicted values (indexes of predictive efficiency). An example motivated by substantive concerns and using empirical data from a national household probability sample is presented to illustrate the behavior of the different coefficients of determination in the evaluation of models including dependent variables with different base rates—that is, different proportions of cases or observations with “positive” outcomes. One R 2 analog appears to be preferable to the others both in terms of conceptual similarity to the ordinary least squares coefficient of determination, and in terms of its relative independence from the base rate. In addition, base rate should also be considered when selecting an index of predictiv...
Creep of UHPC in tension and compression: Effect of thermal treatment

Abstract Steel fiber-reinforced ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is of increasing interest for use in precast prestressed concrete highway bridge girders due to its superior durability and the potential for reducing or eliminating shear reinforcement, due to the presence of steel fibers. However, the contributions of creep, and especially tensile creep, to long-term performance must be better understood to develop appropriate design specifications. Due to practical considerations, it is also of interest to investigate the influence of varying thermal treatment, including temperatures lower than those recommended by the manufacturer (i.e. 90 °C), on the creep of UHPC. In this 1-year study, the effects of three different thermal treatment regimes on tensile and compressive creep performance of UHPC are examined, with complementary characterization by nanoindentation and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that UHPC creeps phenomenologically differently in tension and compression. Both thermal treatments examined resulted in similar tensile creep behavior, suggesting that a lower temperature applied over a longer period could effectively cure UHPC. For the non-thermally cured UHPC, a 10 μm wide region observed at the fiber/matrix interface was characterized by reductions in elastic modulus as well as greater porosity and microcracking than the bulk paste. It is suggested that the quality of the fiber/matrix interface is a major contributor to the measured increased creep of non-thermally treated UHPC as compared to UHPC treated at 60 °C or 90 °C.
The professional evaluation of depression

Endogenous depression overwhelms the individual without a known or external causal event; the authors suggest that it is both constitutionally and biochemically based. They utilize a case to demonstrate the evaluation of such depression and identify a wide range of symptoms as characteristic of it. They describe professional responsibility and discuss several modes of relating to and caring for depressed people. The pastor's work with depressed persons emphasizes the effects of the systems in which such people work as potential assets and liabilities and involves the proper direction and use of the pastor's compassion.
THE LANGUAGE OF TIME: TOWARD A SEMIOTICS OF TEMPORALITY

This article examines temporality from a semiotic perspective, as a quasi-linguistic system of signification, shedding light on the rudimentary elements of the “language' of time and the way both i...
Interconversion of theophylline and caffeine in newborn infants

17. Giacoia G, Jusko WJ, Meuke J, and Komp JR: Theophylline pharmacokinetics in premature infants with apnea, J PEDIATR 89:829, 1976. 18. Neese AL, and Soyka LF: Development of a radioimmunoassay for theophylline, Clin Pharmacol Ther 21:633, 1977. 19. Cottancin G, Baltassat P, Bory C, et al: Pharmacocinetique de la theophylline chez le nouveau n6 de petit poids de naissance, Pediatrie 32:677, 1977. 20. Aranda JV, Gorman W, Bergsteinsson H, et al: Efficacy of caffeine in treatment of apnea in the low-birth-weight infant, J PEDIATR 90:467, 1977. 21. Aranda JV, Gorman W, Outerbridge EW, et al: Pharmacokinetic disposition of caffeine in premature neonates with apnea, Pediatr Res 11:254A, 1977. 22. Homing MG, Butler CM, Nowlin J, et al: Drug metabolism in the human neonate, Life Sci 16:651, 1975. 23. Aranda JV, McLeod SM, Renton KW, and Eade NR: Hepatic microsomal drug oxidation and electron transport in newborn infants, J PEDIATR 85:534, 1974. 24. Thomas PE, Lu AYH, Ryan D, West SB, Kawalek J, and Levin W: Multiple forms of rat liver cytochrome P-450. Immunochemical evidence with antibody against cytochrome P-448, J Biol Chem 251:1385, 1976. 25. Gluck L, Kulovich MU, Eidelman AI, et al: Biochemical development of surface activity in mammalian lung. IV. Pulmonary lecithin synthesis in the human fetus and newborn and etiology of the respiratory distress syndrome, Pediatr Res 6:81, 1972. 26. Gluck L, Kulovich MU, Borer RC, et al: Diagnosis of the respiratory distress syndrome by aminocentesis, Am J Obstet Gynecol 109:440, 1971. 27. Stern L, Lees MH, and Leduc J: Environmental temperature, oxygen consumption and catecholamine excretion in newborn infants, Pediatrics 36:367, 1965. 28. Soyka LF, and Neese AL: Perinatal exposure to methylxanthines. Possible effects on pregnancy outcome, Clin Pharmacol Ther 23:130, 1978. 29. Boutroy M J: Etude de la pharmacologie de la 1-3 dimethylxanthine chez le pr6matur6, M.D. Thesis, University of Nancy, May, 1978. 30. Robertson D, Frolich JC, Carr K J, et al: Effects of caffeine on plasma renin activity, catecholamines and blood pressure, N Engl J Med 298:181, 1978. 31. Turmen T. Zinman R. and Aranda JV: Relationship of dose and plasma concentrations of caffeine and ventilation in neonatal apnea. Clin Res 26:838A. 1978. 32. Aranda JV: Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of caffeine in the newborn infant with apnea. Proceedings of the 3rd Ross Conference on Safe Drugs for Canadian Children (in press).
Atanarjuat, The Fast Runner: Culture, History, and Politics in Inuit Media

L'A. propose quelques reflexions a propos du film de Zacharias Kunuk Atanarjuat, The Fast Runner (Atanarjuat, la legende de l'homme rapide), centrant notamment son analyse sur le recit culturel du film du point de vue des revendications recentes des Inuit pour la souverainete territoriale au Canada. Atanarjuat fait partie d'un ensemble de productions mediatiques, artistiques et culturelles inuit qui, depuis les annees 1970, ont ete consciemment engagees dans les projets interrelies de l'activisme politique, de la formation nationale, et de la reconceptualisation de l'identite culturelle en reponse au changement social. Interprete dans ce contexte, le film met en lumiere la relation integrale entre les medias et la politique inuit et, plus generalement, le role complexe de la culture dans le processus de colonisation et de resistance dans l'Arctique canadien. A partir de l'appropriation d'une technologie occidentale, les Inuit ont reconfigure l'histoire, la culture et l'identite inuit de maniere a soutenir leur projet d'autodetermination.
Burial and scour around short cylinder under progressive shoaling waves

Abstract The results of a laboratory experimental program aimed at better understanding the scour around and burial of heavy cylindrical objects under oscillating flow on a sandy bed are described. This study was motivated by its application to the dynamics of isolated cobbles/mines on a sandy floor under nonlinear progressive waves, such as that occur in shallow coastal waters beyond the wave-breaking region. In the experiments, nonlinear progressive waves were generated in a long wave tank of rectangular cross-section with a bottom slope. Model mines (short cylinders) were placed on the sandy bottom and the temporal evolution of the bed profile and the velocity field in the near field of the object were observed. Experiments were conducted at relatively high Reynolds numbers for a range of flow conditions, which can be characterized by the Keulegan–Carpenter number and Shields parameter. Depending on the values of these parameters, four different scour regimes around the cylinder including periodical burial of cylinder under migrating sand ripples were observed; they were classified as: (i) no scour/burial, (ii) initial scour, (iii) expanded scour, and (iv) periodic burial cases. A scour regime diagram was developed and the demarcation criteria between different regimes were deduced. Semi-empirical formulae that permit estimation of the scour depth with time, the equilibrium maximum scour depth and length, and conditions necessary for the burial of the cylinder as a function of main external parameters are also proposed.
P300, global probability, and stimulus sequence effects in children

The effects of global target stimulus probability and stimulus sequence effects on the amplitude and latency of the P300 event‐related brain potential (ERP) were studied in three groups of children who varied in age (8 to 11, 12 to 15, and 16 to 19 years). ERPs were elicited with an auditory stimulus discrimination paradigm in which subjects were presented with standard (1,000 Hz) and target (2,000 Hz) stimulus tones and instructed to indicate with a finger movement when a target was presented. Two separate paradigms were employed: (a) target stimulus global probability was varied in different conditions at .20, .50, and .80 and (b) target (T) and standard (S) tone presentation sequences were varied by presenting one of four sequence patterns, SS, TS, TT, or ST on each trial. The results demonstrated that increases in target stimulus probability produced a decrease for P300 amplitude and that amplitude sequence effects were quite similar for all three age groups. P300 latency decreased with increases in s...
Specific inhibition of hepatic fatty acid synthesis exerted by dietary linoleate and linolenate in essential fatty acid adequate rats.

Dietary linoleate and linolenate were investigated for their ability to specifically inhibit liver and adipose tissue lipogenesis in meal-fed (access to food 900-1,200 hr), essential fatty acid (EFA) adequate rats. Supplementing a high carbohydrate diet containing 2.5% safflower oil with 3% palmitate 16∶0, oleate 18∶1, or linoleate 18∶2 did not affect in vivo liver or adipose tissue fatty acid synthesis. However, 18∶2 addition to the basal diet did result in a significant (P<0.05) decline of liver fatty acid synthetase (FAS) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activities. When the safflower oil content of the basal diet was reduced to 1%, the addition of 3% 18∶2 or linolenate 18∶3 significantly (P<0.05) depressed hepatic FAS, G6PD, and in vivo fatty acid synthesis by 50%. Addition of 18∶1 caused no depression in hepatic FAS activity but did result in a significant (P<0.05) decline in liver G6PD activity and fatty acid synthesis which was intermediate between basal and basal +18∶2-or+18∶3-fed animals. Adipose tissue rates of lipogenesis were completely unaffected by dietary fatty acid supplementation. Similarly, the addition of 3 or 5% 18∶3 to a basal diet for only one meal resulted in no change in lipogenesis relative to that in animals fed the basal diet. The data indicate that, like rats fed EFA-deficient diets, dietary 18∶2 and 18∶3 exert a specific capacity to depress rat liver FAS and G6PD activities and rate of fatty acid synthesis.
A virtual learning application of the schoolwide enrichment model and high-end learning theory:

Remarkable advances in instructional communication technology (ICT) have now made it possible to provide high levels of enrichment services to students online. This paper describes an Internet-base...
Turn residues in beta-hairpin peptides as points for covalent modification.

β-Turns are important sites for protein−protein and protein−peptide interactions, but little research has explored synthetic modifications of turn residue side-chains in a β-hairpin peptide. To this end, β-hairpin peptides were synthesized containing the type I‘ turn sequence Val-Asn-Gly-Lys with modifications at Asn and Lys. We found that these variations impose a small penalty, demonstrating that β-turns are capable of displaying a range of functionality, which may be exploited for biomolecular recognition and medicinal applications.
Incorporation of 35S into mammalian 4-S RNA.

Abstract 1. 1. When mouse lymphoma cells (L-5178Y) are grown in tissue culture in the presence of [35S]cystine, 35S is incorporated into 4-S RNA. Neither cystine nor cysteine is incorporated into 4-S RNA, but only the sulfur moiety is. Sulfur incorporation cannot be detected in any other RNA species. 2. 2. The data presented indicate that approximately two thirds of the sulfur present in L-5178Y 4-S RNA originated from exogenous cysteine and one third from methionine. It is estimated that the sulfur concentration in mouse lymphoma 4-S RNA is about 1 mole of sulfur per 12 or 13 moles of RNA. 3. 3. Upon alkaline hydrolysis of mouse lymphoma 4-S RNA, three 35S peaks are recovered from a urea-DEAE-cellulose column. None of these peaks is 4-thioUMP. The 35S elution pattern differs from the thionucleotide patterns obtained with Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli 4-S RNA. 4. 4. 35S incorporation into 4-S RNA can also be observed in other mammalian cells, in a completely different type of mouse line (3T3-4E) as well as cells of other species: human ( D 98 AH 2 ), monkey (BS-C-1), and hamster (BHK).
Quasi-genera of quadratic forms

Abstract Let f be a quadratic form in n variables ( n > 1) with nonzero determinant d . A prime p is said to be exceptional with respect to f if every automorph of f with rational elements, determinant ±1 and denominator prime to 2 d has a denominator which is a quadratic residue of p . (Throughout, slight modifications must be made if p = 2.) Except for certain binary forms, each exceptional prime induces a splitting of the genus into two quasi-genera. Building on previous results, necessary and sufficient conditions are given that a prime p be exceptional for n = 2 and n = 3 and necessary conditions for n > 3. It is proved that there are no exceptional primes for n > 4 and only possibly in special cases for n = 4. A connection is shown between representations of integers by certain ternary forms and the existence of quasi-genera. Possible connections with spinor genera are mentioned and a few unanswered questions are posed.
Subharmonic energy-gap structure in superconducting constrictions

A Boltzmann-equation approach for the calculation of the $I\ensuremath{-}V$ characteristics of superconducting constrictions is presented. This technique allows for the inclusion of normal scattering as well as Andreev reflection processes in the constriction. The computed $I\ensuremath{-}V$ characteristics exhibit subharmonic gap structure which varies strongly with scattering strength and temperature. For even small scattering strengths, the structure is found to persist to $T=0$, and its temperature dependence agrees qualitatively with experimental observations. In the limit of zero scattering, the technique is shown to be equivalent to the trajectory technique of Klapwijk, Blonder, and Tinkham.
Modeling diurnal land temperature cycles over Los Angeles using downscaled GOES imagery

Abstract Land surface temperature is a key parameter for monitoring urban heat islands, assessing heat related risks, and estimating building energy consumption. These environmental issues are characterized by high temporal variability. A possible solution from the remote sensing perspective is to utilize geostationary satellites images, for instance, images from Geostationary Operational Environmental System (GOES) and Meteosat Second Generation (MSG). These satellite systems, however, with coarse spatial but high temporal resolution (sub-hourly imagery at 3–10 km resolution), often limit their usage to meteorological forecasting and global climate modeling. Therefore, how to develop efficient and effective methods to disaggregate these coarse resolution images to a proper scale suitable for regional and local studies need be explored. In this study, we propose a least square support vector machine (LSSVM) method to achieve the goal of downscaling of GOES image data to half-hourly 1-km LSTs by fusing it with MODIS data products and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) digital elevation data. The result of downscaling suggests that the proposed method successfully disaggregated GOES images to half-hourly 1-km LSTs with accuracy of approximately 2.5 K when validated against with MODIS LSTs at the same over-passing time. The synthetic LST datasets were further explored for monitoring of surface urban heat island (UHI) in the Los Angeles region by extracting key diurnal temperature cycle (DTC) parameters. It is found that the datasets and DTC derived parameters were more suitable for monitoring of daytime- other than nighttime-UHI. With the downscaled GOES 1-km LSTs, the diurnal temperature variations can well be characterized. An accuracy of about 2.5 K was achieved in terms of the fitted results at both 1 km and 5 km resolutions.
A normal vibrational analysis of benzene

Abstract The normal modes of benzene are recalculated to include the data from 13C-isotopes. An improved valence force field has been determined by inclusion of all CC stretch CCH bending interactions. The addition of these force constants is justified on theoretical grounds and by the data.
Reproducibility of Doppler measures of ventricular function during maximal upright cycling

Echocardiographic measures of ventricular function during exercise may prove useful in assessing myocardial health. This study examined test-retest reproducibility of measurements of Doppler mitral flow velocity (E-wave) and myocardial tissue Doppler imaging (E'-, S-waves) during a progressive maximal upright cycle test in 12 healthy lean adolescent males. Measurements were taken as subjects pedalled to exhaustion with 35 watt work increments in two separate trials. We observed no significant differences in mean values at rest, submaximal (70 watts) exercise, or maximal exercise for all three variables. Coefficients of variation at maximal exercise were 5.3%, 7.4%, and 8.1% for mitral E, tissue Doppler-S, and tissue Doppler-E', respectively. These findings indicated acceptable levels of reproducibility of Doppler ultrasound techniques for assessing ventricular systolic and diastolic functional response to maximal exercise in young lean male subjects.
Pregnant women exaggerate cautious gait patterns during the transition between level and hill surfaces

Falls are the leading cause of nonfatal injury across all age groups and a common incident for pregnant women. Thus, there is a critical demand for research to evaluate if walking strategies in pregnant women change throughout pregnancy in order to effectively intervene and minimize the incidence rate. The aim of the present study was to analyze modifications in temporal–spatial parameters as well as muscle activity during hill walking transitions in pregnant women between gestational week 20 and 32. Based upon previous literature, we hypothesized that in comparison to level walking, the transition strides of pregnant women would be distinct between trimesters in order to accommodate the physical changes within twelve weeks. Thirteen pregnant women completed a series of randomly assigned walking conditions on level and hill surfaces during gestational week 20 and 32. Our results demonstrated that pregnant women modulated their gait patterns throughout pregnancy with additional joint flexion as well as muscle activity at the ankle, knee and hip. In summary, pregnant women exaggerate cautious gait patterns by walking slower and wider with greater joint flexion and muscle activity in order to safely transition between level and hill surfaces.
Scheduling and process migration in partitioned multiprocessors

A partitioned multiprocessor (PM) has a shared global bus and nonshared local memories. This paper studies a process scheduler, called the two-tier scheduler (TTS), for a PM. In a PM local scheduling amortizes the cost of loading processes in local memory. Global scheduling migrates processes to balance load. A tunable time quantum is adjusted so the average process completes execution on the processor on which it is first scheduled, and only relatively long lived processes are rescheduled globally.
CRYSTALLIZATION OF POLYETHYLENE AT HIGH PRESSURE: A KINETIC VIEW.

A model for the crystallization kinetics of polymers is outlined and is used to interpret observations of the crystallization of polyethylene at high pressures. This model introduces a distinction between σe the lamellar surface energy which controls the lamellar thickness, and σe′, the surface nucleus surface energy which controls the growth rate. Differential scanning calorimetry and electron microscopy data for several polyethylenes crystallized at pressures of up to 8 kb are presented. From the dependence of lamellar thickness on the crystallization undercooling at 5 kb, it is found that σe increases markedly with pressure leading to the formation of very thick crystals at high pressures. The magnitude of the increase in σe is in agreement with σe values calculated from the dependence of melting temperatures on pressure. The nucleus surface energy σe′ is not expected to vary significantly with pressure, and estimates of growth rates of 5 kb which indicate that the growth rate does not vary significantly with pressure at constant under-cooling confirm this. Fractionation effects and the differences in behavior between different polyethylenes are also discussed.
Nucleon-nucleon Hamiltonian from Skyrmions.

We derive a Hamiltonian for two interacting nucleons starting directly from the Skyrme Lagrangian. Apart from the order-${N}_{c}$ (number of colors) "adiabatic" potential, we find a term of order $\sqrt{{N}_{c}}$ due to the fact that the static two-soliton configuration is not a solution to Hamilton's equations. Using a double expansion in ${{N}_{c}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and the range of the interaction, we show that this term leads to attraction at intermediate range in the scalar channel. The expansion provides a systematic framework for discussing the nucleon-nucleon interaction using solitons. A comparison is made between the soliton approach and the conventional approach based on multipion exchange.
Wigner phase space distribution and coherence tomography

We demonstrate the measurement of path-length-resolved optical phase space distributions as a new framework for exploring the evolution of optical coherence in a turbid medium. This method measures joint transverse position and momentum (i.e., angle) distributions of the optical field, resolved by optical path length in the medium. The measured distributions are related to the Wigner phase space distribution function of the optical field, and can provide complete characterization of the optical coherence in multiple scattering media. Optical phase space distributions are obtained as contour plots which enable a visual as well as quantitative method of characterizing the spatial coherence properties and wavefront curvature of the input and scattered fields. By using a broad-band source in a heterodyne detection scheme, we observe transmission and backscatter resolved by path length in the random medium, effectively providing timing resolution. New two-window heterodyne detection methods permit independent control of position and momentum resolution with a variance product that surpasses the uncertainty limit associated with Fourier transform pairs. Hence, high position and angular resolution can be simultaneously achieved. These techniques may provide new venues for using optical coherence in medical imaging.
History of Japan–U.S./High Pressure Mineral Physics Seminars: 1976 to 2012

Abstract Under the auspices of the U.S.–Japan Cooperative Science Program between the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, the first U.S.–Japan joint seminar on High Pressure Research Applications in Geophysics was held in Honolulu, Hawaii, 5–8 July 1976 and was attended by 47 scientists. Originated as bilateral U.S.–Japan seminars on high-pressure research applications in geophysics by Murli Manghnani and Syun-iti Akimoto, this series continued at 5-year intervals under those auspices from 1976 to 1996 [1981 in Hakone, Japan 1986 in Turtle Bay, Hawaii, 1991 in Ise, Japan, and 1996 in Maui, Hawaii], with venues alternating between Hawaii and Japan. In the 21st century, as a result of growing international interest in high-pressure mineral physics, the seminar series was re-envisioned with a broader focus “more international” focus than the original U.S.–Japan bilateral series. The first of the new meetings entitled “High Pressure Mineral Physics Seminars” [HPMP-6] took place in Verbania, Italy on August 26–31, 2002. More than 84 scientists from Asia, Australia, the Americas and Europe attended. HPMPS-7 took place in Matsushima, Japan on May 8–12, 2007 and was attended by 134 scientists from throughout the world. In this paper, we review this history culminating with the HPMPS-8 at Lake Tahoe, California in July 2012, which was held jointly with the Annual Meeting of COMPRES: Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth Sciences.
Value of Information

Bulk of the research in MANETS is dedicated to maximizing the spectrum efficiency of a network, which is to maximize bits per second per Hertz using Physical, Link and Network Layer technologies. This paper is focused on the use of scarce network resources to maximize the total value of information transported in a MANET.