cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Association of extraesophageal reflux disease and sinonasal symptoms: prevalence and impact on quality of life.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of extraesophageal reflux disease symptoms and their association with sinonasal disorders within a general sample of adults in our community and to determine how these conditions affect perception of general health, sinus-related quality of life (QOL), and perception of reflux and digestive function. Study Design/Methods: A community-dwelling sample of 1,878 adults completed symptom and QOL surveys in a two-stage prospective design: an initial screening questionnaire (n = 1,878) and disease-specific (sinus and reflux/digestion) and general health-related QOL instruments (n = 1,073). Demographic and response data were summarized and analyzed for prevalence and correlations among data sets. Results: Sinonasal symptoms were reported in 71% of subjects who completed the initial screening questionnaire, and reflux-related symptoms were reported by 59% of respondents. The co-occurrence of sinonasal and reflux symptoms was reported by 45% of respondents. Subjects with both sinonasal and reflux symptoms scored significantly worse on the disease-specific and general physical and mental QOL scales than subjects with only reflux or sinonasal symptoms or no symptoms. Conclusions: Symptoms associated with inflammatory sinonasal disorders and gastroesophageal reflux disease are common in the general U.S. adult population and co-occur in the same individuals to a greater degree than can be attributed to chance alone. Co-occurrence was found to be associated with significant declines in both disease-specific and general physical and mental QOL. This finding has implications with regard to pathogenesis and treatment of these disorders.
Voting Radical Right in Western Europe and Radical Right: Voters and Parties in the Electoral Market

Voting Radical Right in Western Europe. By Terri E. Givens. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005. 188p. $65.00. Radical Right: Voters and Parties in the Electoral Market. By Pippa Norris. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005. 366p. $70.00 cloth, $24.99 paper. Among the most distressing features of contemporary politics within many older and nascent democracies is the surge of popular and/or electoral support for radical right political parties (RRPs). Oftentimes referred to as the “new right,” “extreme right,” “neopopulist right,” or other similar labels, these illiberal agents have proliferated especially across Western Europe since the 1980s, precipitating considerable consternation among mainstream political parties and elites wherever they have taken root. Although none are on the threshold of achieving a major electoral breakthrough, RRPs currently exercise influence over public political discourse and/or the policy agenda in most of the major immigrant-receiving countries within the region.
Domestic violence, emotion coaching, and child adjustment

This article addresses the question of whether parents in domestically violent homes have difficulty talking to and helping their children manage their emotions-what has been referred to as emotion coaching. Emotion coaching as a moderator in the relationship between domestic violence (DV) and children's behavior problems was also examined. Results indicated that DV was not associated with a general deficit in emotion coaching but that DV was associated with less coaching of anger and fear depending on whether the parent was the perpetrator or victim of DV. Emotion coaching also moderated the relationship between DV and children's behavior problems. Implications for the development of an intervention program to improve parental coaching of emotion in domestically violent homes is discussed.
Optimized energy storage system design for a fuel cell vehicle using a novel phase shift and duty cycle control

This paper presented an optimized energy storage system (ESS) design for fuel cell (FC) vehicle system to interface battery unit (BU) and ultracapacitor (UC). A one-side asymmetrical phase shift and duty cycle control was developed for a current-fed three-port bidirectional dc/dc converter to achieve a wide range soft switching operation under varied input voltages. The proposed phase shift and duty cycle control is then integrated into the maximum fuel economy-oriented power management control strategy to optimize the ESS and system performance in a dynamic environment. The design was compared with other phase shift and duty cycle control in terms of system dynamic performance and power loss analysis. The simulation results from Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) and the experimental results from an emulated system test bed were provided to verify the optimized design.
Sustainable water management in the southwestern United States: reality or rhetoric?

Background: While freshwater sustainability is generally defined as the provisioning of water for both people and the environment, in practice it is largely focused only on supplying water to furnish human population growth. Symptomatic of this is the state of Arizona, where rapid growth outside of the metropolitan Phoenix-Tucson corridor relies on the same groundwater that supplies year-round flow in rivers. Using Arizona as a case study, we present the first study in the southwestern United States that evaluates the potential impact of future population growth and water demand on streamflow depletion across multiple watersheds. Methodology/Principal Findings: We modeled population growth and water demand through 2050 and used four scenarios to explore the potential effects of alternative growth and water management strategies on river flows. Under the base population projection, we found that rivers in seven of the 18 study watersheds could be dewatered due to municipal demand. Implementing alternative growth and water management strategies, however, could prevent four of these rivers from being dewatered. Conclusions/Significance: The window of opportunity to implement water management strategies is narrowing. Because impacts from groundwater extraction are cumulative and cannot be immediately reversed, proactive water management strategies should be implemented where groundwater will be used to support new municipal demand. Our approach provides a low-cost method to identify where alternative water and growth management strategies may have the most impact, and demonstrates that such strategies can maintain a continued water supply for both people and the environment.
Growth and biomass of Populus irrigated with landfill leachate

Resource managers are challenged with waste disposal and leachate produced from its degradation. Poplar (Populus spp.) trees offer an opportunity for ecological leachate disposal as an irrigation source for managed tree systems. Our objective was to irrigate Populus trees with municipal solid waste landfill leachate or fertilized well water (control) (N, P, K) during the 2005 and 2006 growing seasons and test for differences in tree height, diameter, volume, and biomass of leaves, stems, branches, and roots. The trees were grown at the Oneida County Landfill located 6 km west of Rhinelander, Wisconsin, USA (45.68N, 89.48W). Eight clones belonging to four genomic groups were tested: NC13460, NC14018 ((Populus trichocarpa Torr. & GrayPopulus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh) � P. deltoides 'BC1'); NC14104, NC14106, DM115 (P. deltoi- desPopulus maximowiczii A. Henry 'DM'); DN5 (P. deltoidesPopulus nigra L. 'DN'); NM2, NM6 (P. nigraP. maximowiczii 'NM'). The survival rate for each of the irrigation treatments was 78%. The total aboveground biomass ranged from 0.51 to 2.50 Mg ha � 1 , with a mean of 1.57 Mg ha � 1 . The treatmentclone interaction was not significant for tree diameter, total volume, dry mass of the stump or basal roots, or root mass fraction (P > 0.05). However, the treatmentclone interaction was significant for height, total tree dry mass, aboveground dry mass, belowground dry mass,and dry massof the leaves, stems + branches (woody), and lateralroots(P < 0.05).Therewas broad clonalvariation within the BC1 and DM genomic groups, with genotypes performing differently for treatments. In contrast, the performance of the NM and DN genomic groupswasrelativelystableacrosstreatments,withclonalresponsetoirrigationbeingsimilarregardlessof treatment.Nevertheless, selectionatthe clone level also was important. For example, NC14104 consistently performed better when irrigated with leachate compared with water, while NC14018 responded better to water than leachate. Overall, these data will serve as a basis for researchers and resource managers making decisions about future leachate remediation projects. Published by Elsevier B.V.
The Impact of Puck Possession and Location on Ice Hockey Strategy

I create a state space within the game of ice hockey by noting which team has possession, and in what location of the rink the puck is located. This space is used to model the game as a semi-Markov process, as data from a series of games in 2004-2005 NCAA play suggest that the system cannot be modeled as a continuous time Markov process. The model is then used to determine the average number of goals scored by a team as a function of the starting state. These scoring probabilities are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of several commonly used tactics.
The concurrent maturation of mouse and human thymocytes in human fetal thymus implanted in NIH-beige-nude-xid mice is associated with the reconstitution of the murine immune system.

To determine whether the human thymus provides an environment for the maturation of murine T cells, human fetal thymus and liver (hu-thy/liv) were implanted into congenitally athymic NIH-beige-nude-xid (BNX) mice or C.B-17 scid/scid (SCID) mice. 3 mo after implantation, in contrast to the hu-thy/liv implant in SCID mice, which was populated only with human CD4/CD8 single- and double-positive thymocytes, the hu-thy/liv implant in BNX mice contained a chimeric population of human and mouse CD4/CD8 single- and double-positive thymocytes. Immunohistochemical staining of the hu-thy/liv implant in BNX mice indicated that the population of double-positive mouse thymocytes was localized to discrete areas of the human fetal thymus. Quantitative improvements in mouse T cell and immunoglobulin (Ig) G parameters were observed after grafting of the human fetal thymus and liver tissue into BNX mice. In addition, in contrast to the nonimplanted BNX mice, the implanted BNX mice were capable of mounting a keyhole limpet hemocyanin-specific IgG response and their peripheral T cells were responsive to stimulation with mitogens and antibodies directed to the T cell receptor. Furthermore, after in vivo priming, T cells present in lymph nodes of the implanted BNX mice were capable of mounting an antigen-induced in vitro T cell-dependent proliferative response. Thus, concurrent with the continued maturation of human T cells, murine T cells differentiated within the human fetal thymus implanted in the BNX mice and mediated the phenotypic and functional reconstitution of the murine immune system. Mice with a reconstituted immune system that contain a human thymic implant that is infectible with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) should prove useful in the investigation of T cell maturation in the thymus and in the evaluation of potential HIV vaccines.
Upregulation of Forces and Morphogenic Asymmetries in Dorsal Closure during Drosophila Development

Tissue dynamics during dorsal closure, a stage of Drosophila development, provide a model system for cell sheet morphogenesis and wound healing. Dorsal closure is characterized by complex cell sheet movements, driven by multiple tissue specific forces, which are coordinated in space, synchronized in time, and resilient to UV-laser perturbations. The mechanisms responsible for these attributes are not fully understood. We measured spatial, kinematic, and dynamic antero-posterior asymmetries to biophysically characterize both resiliency to laser perturbations and failure of closure in mutant embryos and compared them to natural asymmetries in unperturbed, wild-type closure. We quantified and mathematically modeled two processes that are upregulated to provide resiliency—contractility of the amnioserosa and formation of a seam between advancing epidermal sheets, i.e., zipping. Both processes are spatially removed from the laser-targeted site, indicating they are not a local response to laser-induced wounding and suggesting mechanosensitive and/or chemosensitive mechanisms for upregulation. In mutant embryos, tissue junctions initially fail at the anterior end indicating inhomogeneous mechanical stresses attributable to head involution, another developmental process that occurs concomitant with the end stages of closure. Asymmetries in these mutants are reversed compared to wild-type, and inhomogeneous stresses may cause asymmetries in wild-type closure.
An analysis of supply risk assessment techniques

Purchasing organizations are exposed to risk in their interactions with suppliers, whether it is recognized and managed, addressed in a cursory manner, or altogether ignored. In order to understand the supply risk that exists, purchasing organizations can proactively assess the probability and impact of supply risk in advance, or reactively discover risk after a detrimental event occurs. The purpose of this study is to explore, analyze, and derive common themes on supply risk assessment techniques. Findings from this research indicate that purchasing organizations can assess supply risk with techniques that focus on addressing supplier quality issues, improving supplier processes, and reducing the likelihood of supply disruptions. From an agency theory perspective, these risk assessment techniques facilitate the obtaining of information by purchasing organizations to verify supplier behaviors, promoting goal congruence between buying and selling firms, and reducing outcome uncertainty associated with inbound supply.
Power efficient mobile video streaming using HTTP/2 server push

This paper proposes a power efficient video streaming mechanism on mobile devices over cellular networks. We first develop an analytical model to identify and quantify the power inefficiency in mobile video streaming, due to the mismatch between HTTP request schedule and the radio resource control schedule. Based on the analytical model, we develop a low power video streaming mechanism by employing the server push technology available in the HTTP/2 protocol. We implemented the server push-based low power streaming mechanism in an HTTP DASH video streaming prototype involving mobile devices and the 4G/LTE cellular network. Our experiments show significant battery power savings on mobile devices using our server push strategy.
How Do Patent Laws Influence Innovation

Studies of innovation have focused on the effects of patent laws on the number of innovations but ignored effects on the direction of technological change. This paper introduces a new data set of close to fifteen thousand innovations at the Crystal Palace World's Fair in 1851 and at the Centennial Exhibition in 1876 to examine the effects of patent laws on the direction of innovation. The paper tests the following argument: if innovative activity is motivated by expected profits, and if the effectiveness of patent protection varies across industries, then innovation in countries without patent laws should focus on industries where alternative mechanisms to protect intellectual property are effective. Analyses of exhibition data for twelve countries in 1851 and ten countries in 1876 indicate that inventors in countries without patent laws focus on a small set of industries where patents were less important, while innovation in countries with patent laws appears to be much more diversified. These findings suggest that patents help to determine the direction of technical change and that the adoption of patent laws in countries without such laws may alter existing patterns of comparative advantage across countries.
Evaluation and management of first seizures in adults.

Patients who have experienced an isolated afebrile seizure often present to a primary care physician. A detailed history and carefully performed physical examination aid the physician in determining whether the event was actually a seizure and whether it was the patient's first seizure. Because the decision to treat "labels" the patient, alters the patient's life and subjects him or her to potentially toxic drug side effects, this decision should be considered carefully by both the physician and the patient. Studies assessing the risks of recurrence, remission and relapse, as well as treatment strategies, provide objective data on which the primary care physician and the patient can base treatment decisions. Language: en
Resolution in the Projection Data

In practice, projection data only contains a finite amount of information. For this reason experimenters have introduced a notion of resolution in any type of observational data.
The Ebauche of Germinal

For those interested in exploring the mysteries of artistic creation, the long section of Zola's manuscript notes for Germinal entitled the Ebauche can be an illuminating, yet, at the same time, tantalizing document. As we turn its pages, written in Zola's firm hand, it is tempting to succumb to the illusion that we are following the genesis of this great novel much as it actually took shape in Zola's mind. And, as we shall see, no other part of the notes can, in fact, tell so much about his method of composition, his objectives, his way of reasoning with himself on paper. Yet in the final analysis we shall also see that the Ebauche, instructive as it may be in these respects, reveals only a fraction of his thoughts during the period of creation. We shall be struck by the contrast between what the Ebauche shows about the novelist's methodical planning and what it fails to show of his creative genius.
Determination of anionic surfactants in drinking water by flow injection on-line distillation

Objective:To establish an efficient,accurate and rapid method for the determination of anionic surfactants in drinking water.Methods: Flow injection analysis Quikchen8500 was used to test the content of anionic surfactants in water.Results: This method had a good relativity(r=0.9995).The RSD% of samples was less than 3.7%,the detection limit was 0.0012 mg/L,and the recovery rate of range was 96.6%~104%.Conclusion: The method was rapid,accurate,easy operation,it is a good way of detection.
Application of nucleic acid sequence-based amplification( NASBA) in noroviruses fast detection

Objective To develop a new nucleic acid sequence-based amplification( NASBA) method for the fast detection of noroviruses and assistant diagnosis. Methods NASBA for the detection of noroviruses was established using primers specific to RdRp. The sensitivity,repetition and specificity of the method were evaluated respectively. Fecal samples from 108 cases of patients with viral diarrhea were detected by constructed method. Results The method could detect noroviruses with high specificity and stability as well as no interactions with other diarrhea virus such as rotavirus. The lowest detecting limit of noroviruses was 20 pg / μl nucleic acid,and the testing cycle was short. On condition of 42 ℃ and within 90 min,detection of noroviruses could be completed in 3-4 hours. Conclusion The new NASBA method is convenient,fast,sensitive and specific for noroviruses detection which could be applied for regular surveillance and urgent investigation of outbreaks of noroviruses in the near future.
Follow-up study for measles maternal antibodies and seroconversion after measles vaccination.

Seventy-two children were included in this study which examined measles maternal antibodies in children at the ages of six and nine months. The seroconversion after the first measles vaccination at...
Correction: Evaluating the role of energetic disorder and thermal activation in exciton transport

Correction for ‘Evaluating the role of energetic disorder and thermal activation in exciton transport’ by S. Matthew Menke et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2016, 4, 3437–3442.
Age–period–cohort analyses of obesity prevalence in US adults

Abstract Objectives Age–period–cohort analysis is a stream of methodologies that decompose the temporal trends for disease risk into three time scales—age, calendar year (period) and year of birth (cohort). This study conducted age–period–cohort analyses of obesity prevalence in US adults. Study design Retrospective data analysis. Methods We constructed regression models based on anthropometric data from the 1999–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to correct for the self-reported height/weight in the 1984–2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). We estimated fixed-effects age–period–cohort models based on the BRFSS data for the overall adult sample (n = 6,093,293) and by sex and race/ethnicity, adjusting for individual characteristics and the BRFSS survey design. Results An inverted U-shaped age effect on obesity and a positive period effect characterized by over-time increase in obesity risk independent of age and cohort influences were identified in the overall sample and subgroups by sex and race/ethnicity. From 1984 to 2014, the adjusted obesity prevalence increased by 21.1 percentage points among US adults, and 20.9, 21.6, 21.0, 26.4 and 20.1 percentage points in men, women, non-Hispanic whites, African Americans and Hispanics, respectively. In contrast, no consistent evidence was found in support of the cohort effect—the adjusted obesity risk was comparable across birth cohorts after accounting for the age and period effects. Conclusions Shifts in the age distribution and nationwide secular changes may have fuelled the obesity epidemic in the USA over the past decades. Reversing the obesity epidemic may require understanding of the nationwide changes over time that affect weight gain across all population subgroups and promoting universal changes to diet, physical activity and the obesogenic environment.
Instructor Influence on Student Intercultural Learning During instructor-led, Short-Term Study Abroad

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. May 2016. Major: Organizational Leadership, Policy, and Development. Advisor: Gerald Fry. 1 computer file (PDF); vii, 207 pages.
Pediatric Isolated Sinonasal Schwannoma: A New Case Report and Literature Review

Schwannomas of the paranasal sinus are uncommon. Less than 4% of schwannomas involve the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, even less in the pediatric age group. A case of schwannoma arising in maxillary sinus in a 2.5-year-old Chinese boy is reported. The basis for discussion of this case is the exceptional rarity of sinonasal schwannoma in pediatric patients.
Measuring safety of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma

Abstract Background Despite evidence demonstrating generally excellent therapeutic ratios for inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) in asthma treatment, many clinicians and patients have ongoing concerns regarding their safety. To frame discussions of ICS safety, it is important to understand how safety is measured. Objective To discuss how ICS safety is and should be measured. Methods Discussion is augmented by relevant articles from the literature. Results The therapeutic value of corticosteroids depends on the activation and repression of thousands of genes. However, it is not fully known which genes cause the desirable, therapeutic effects and which cause the adverse effects. The drug development process attempts to elucidate the clinically significant therapeutic effects and adverse effects of a candidate molecule and then compare them to those of currently available corticosteroids. Approaches to monitoring safety include clinical trials, retrospective comparison to historical efficacy and safety data, surrogate markers, animal models, and in vitro assays. Both preclinical and clinical data are used to compare safety among corticosteroids; however, no specific pathway or model that can robustly predict therapeutic ratios has been identified. Furthermore, variation in adverse effects is influenced by isoforms of the glucocorticoid receptor, differences in corticosteroid characteristics, differences among patients, and environmental variation. Conclusion Although some preclinical and patient-based metrics have predictive value, there is a clear need for improved biomarkers of corticosteroid adverse effects. Integrated analysis of preclinical and clinical data, including long-term safety data, could be used to address this important unmet need.
FDI location choice: the role of locational ambidexterity

Purpose This paper proposes locational ambidexterity as a location-specific factor based on an operation flexibility perspective, and explores why and how multinational corporations (MNCs) proactively deal with uncertainty by valuing locational ambidexterity in making location decisions. Design/methodology/approach Location choice data for foreign direct investment (FDI) at a sub-national level in China is used to test the role of locational ambidexterity. Findings We find that FDI generally prefers locations with high ambidexterity. Moreover, investments from a heterogeneous country context are more sensitive to locational ambidexterity than those from a similar country context. However, there is no significant evidence that wholly owned investments favor locational ambidexterity more than do international joint ventures. Research limitations/implications An alternative operationalization of locational ambidexterity may be needed. Future research could explore the sources of locational ambidexterity, identify other firm- and industry-level factors that could alter the value of ambidexterity, investigate how MNCs integrate locational ambidexterity into organization-specific option creation strategies and test the ambidexterity perspective with micro-level location choice data. Practical implications Locational ambidexterity may reduce the overall risk and adjustment cost of future changes. FDI may choose a location with high ambidexterity, i.e. a balanced portfolio of location-specific determinants, under uncertainty about the future. Originality/value Drawing on the notion of location flexibility from Buckley and Casson (1998), this study identifies a new location character, locational ambidexterity, and proposes that MNCs address uncertainty by choosing ambidextrous locations that offer more flexibility for MNCs to change or respond to potential volatility. Selecting locations with high ambidexterity is thus an alternative and complement to the organization-specific flexibility creation strategies suggested by the literature on real option and flexibility.
The contemporary utility of intraoperative frozen sections in thyroid surgery.

Abstract Purpose To determine the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section analysis on thyroidectomy specimens stratified by the Bethesda classification scheme and its utility for intraoperative decision-making. Study design Retrospective chart review. Methods A retrospective review was performed on all patients who underwent thyroidectomy or thyroid lobectomy with intraoperative frozen sections at a tertiary care academic center from 2009 to 2015. Results There were 74 total patients who underwent partial or total thyroidectomy with intraoperative frozen section analysis of a thyroid nodule whom had previously undergone a thyroid fine needle aspiration of the nodule. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for a thyroid frozen section with respect to its prediction for malignancy was 81%, 95%, 98%, and 66%, respectively, with a diagnostic accuracy of 85%. For 37 patients with an indeterminate cytologic diagnosis on fine needle aspiration (Bethesda categories III–V), the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for a thyroid frozen section was 81%, 91%, 95%, and 67%, respectively, with a diagnostic accuracy of 84%. False positives and false negatives resulted in 1 completion thyroidectomy for benign pathology and 3 reoperations for malignancy not discovered on frozen section. Conclusion While intraoperative frozen sections on thyroid specimens may be helpful if positive, the false negative rate remains high. There appears to be limited value in routine frozen sections to guide clinical management and decision-making in the era of the Bethesda system.
Service at the Intersection of Journalism, Language, and the Global Imaginary: Indonesia’s English-language press

Drawing on interviews with journalists who work in Indonesia’s locally owned-and-operated English-language press (ELP), we argue English’s status as the language of global and regional imaginaries informs how ELP journalists negotiate their understandings of public service. This study contributes to research on the contextual negotiation of professional ideologies of journalism by considering how publication language—here, English in a country where it is a foreign language—shapes the ways journalists conceive service to their various publics.
'The laws of the rites and of the priests': Varro and late republican Roman sacral jurisprudence

Starting from Cicero's famous panegyric on Varro's Antiquitates and attempting to look past the image of the book provided by Augustine, this article proposes a new reading of that work and its place in late Republican intellectual culture. Cicero's specific claim that Varro opened up ‘the laws of the rites and of the priests’ for his readers allows us to contextualize the Antiquitates within a contemporary jurisprudence. The rise of Roman legal studies in general in the first century bc extended to the laws of the priestly colleges: there are signs of lively debate over their nature and the production of texts on the details of these iura. By re-reading the fragments from the Antiquitates alongside the evidence for this sacral-legal turn, we can gain both a new appreciation for the place of law (ius) in Varro's textualization of Roman religion and a fuller understanding of Republican legal thinking.
Impact of Solar Reflectance Attenuation and Roof Cleaning on a Cool Roof: Assessing Return on Investment for Facility Management

ABSTRACT Research has shown roofing systems with high solar reflectance and thermal emissivity lead to less heat absorption, a consequential reduction in cooling load demand, and a resultant reduction on energy expenditure. Studies on energy savings from cool roof coatings have been conducted for decades and when compared to more traditional roofing systems have demonstrated energy savings ranging from 2-40%, with average savings estimated at 20%. The 20% average is widely used by cool roof industry professionals, designers, and contractors to market and sell the technology in the commercial sector to owners and owner representatives researching new roofs. While the 20% energy savings is a documented average, unfortunately there is no average roof. Each roof is unique considering size, materials, and location to name a few. In addition, the ability of the cool roof to maintain the original solar reflectance is integral to realizing energy savings. The case study calculated project payback for a 20-year co...
LGBTQ issues in education: Advancing a research agenda: , edited by George L. Wimberly. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association, 2015. 275pp., ISBN 978-0-935-30249-3.

LGBTQ Issues in Education: Advancing a Research Agenda, edited by George L. Wimberly, who is also a contributing author of several of chapters, serves to succinctly contextualize and moderately his...
The description-experience gap in the effect of warning reliability on user trust and performance in a phishing-detection context

Abstract How the human user trusts and interacts with an automation system is influenced by how well the system capabilities are conveyed to the user. When interacting with the automation system, the user can obtain the system reliability information through an explicit description of the reliability or through experiencing the system over time. The term description-experience gap illustrates the difference between description-based and experience-based human decisions. In the current study, we investigated how this description-experience gap applies to human-automation interaction with a phishing-detection task in the cyber domain. In two experiments, participants’ performance in detecting phishing emails and their trust in the phishing detection system were measured when system reliability, description, and experience (i.e., feedback) were varied systematically in easy and difficult phishing detection tasks. The results suggested that system reliability had a profound influence on human performance in the system, but the benefits of having a more reliable system may depend on task difficulty. Also, providing feedback increased trust calibration in terms of both objective and subjective trust measures, yet providing description of system reliability increased only subjective trust. This result pattern not only shows the gap in the effects of feedback and description, but it also extends the description-experience gap concept from rare events to common events.
Chromatic Expansions and the Bargmann Transform

Chromatic series expansions of bandlimited functions have recently been introduced in signal processing with promising results. Chromatic series share similar properties with Taylor series insofar as the coefficients of the expansions, which are called chromatic derivatives, are based on the ordinary derivatives of the function, but unlike Taylor series, chromatic series have more practical applications.The Bargmann transform was introduced in 1961 by V. Bargmann who showed, among other things, that the Bargmann transform is a unitary transformation from L 2(I​​R n ) onto the Bargmann–Segal–Foch space \(\mathfrak{F}\) on which Foch’s operator solutions to some equations in quantum mechanics are realized.The goal of this article is to survey results on chromatic derivatives and explore the connection between chromatic derivatives and series on the one hand and the Bargmann transform and the Bargmann–Segal–Foch space on the other hand.
Discrete-Space Volterra Series Representations with Truncation Bounds

We give a Volterra-series representation theorem for discrete-space input-output maps that are analytic. The theorem provides a bound on the error in approximating the series with its first p + 1 terms. Examples are given to illustrate how the theorem can be used.
Pulmonary Rehabilitation: Future Directions

Pulmonary rehabilitation is now an established standard of care for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although pulmonary rehabilitation has no appreciable direct effect on static measurements of lung function, it arguably provides the greatest benefit of any available therapy across multiple outcome areas important to the patient with respiratory disease, including dyspnea, exercise performance, and health-related quality of life. It also appears to be a potent intervention that reduces COPD hospitalizations, especially when given in the periexacerbation period. The role of pulmonary rehabilitation within the larger schema of integrated care represents a fruitful area for further research.
Impaired interleukin-4 signalling promotes establishment of Haemonchus contortus in sheep.

Reduced worm burden in St. Croix (STC) sheep during Haemonchus contortus (Hc) infection is predicated on rapid interleukin-4 (IL-4) signalling and T helper type 2 immune (Th2) response. The aim of these studies was to further elucidate differences in Th2 responses by STC and Suffolk (SUF) sheep. Ten days after challenge Hc infection, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected and cultured with larval (HcLA) and adult worm (HcWA) antigen. STC PBMC produced nearly twice as much IL-4 as SUF (823.57 pg/mL vs 454.28 pg/mL) at 6 hours of HcLA culture despite no difference in IL-4 gene expression and the IL-4 receptor (IL4Rα) was upregulated in STC PBMC but was undetectable in SUF. Expression of other Th2-type genes were increased in STC PBMC including IL13, IL5 and MRC1. IL-4 supplementation to HcLA culture was insufficient to achieve upregulation of Th2 genes in SUF PBMC. Production of IL-4 did not occur in SUF PBMC until 24 hours after culture with HcLA, and expression of IL4 in the abomasum was similarly delayed until 10 days after challenge infection, which was associated with significantly higher larval burden (530 vs 16). These data demonstrate delayed upregulation of Th2 genes in SUF sheep contributes to susceptibility to Hc.
The British Welfare Revolution, 1906–14. By John Cooper. (London, UK: Bloomsbury Academic, 2017. Pp. vi, 362. $114.00.)

John Cooper examines in great detail the political negotiations around the passage of the Liberal welfare reforms between 1906–1913, concentrating on the old‐age pension and unemployment and health...
Smart Home Security Application Enabled by IoT

Recent advances in smartphones and affordable open-source hardware platforms have enabled the development of low-cost architectures for IoT-enabled home automation and security systems. These systems usually consist of a sensing and actuating layer that is made up of sensors such as PIR (Passive Infra-red) sensors, also known as motion sensors; temperature sensors; smoke sensors, and web cameras for security surveillance. These sensors, smart electrical appliances and other IoT devices connect to the Internet through a home gateway. This paper lays out architecture for a cost effective “smart” door sensor that will inform a user through an Android application, of door open events in a house or office environment. The proposed architecture uses an Arduino-compatible Elegoo Mega 2560 microcontroller (MCU) board along with the Raspberry Pi 2 board for communicating with a web server that implements a RESTful API. Several programming languages are used in the implementation and further applications of the door sensor are discussed as well as some of its shortcomings such as possible interference from other RF (Radio Frequency) devices.
Paramodular forms coming from elliptic curves

Abstract There is a lifting from a non-CM elliptic curve E / Q to a paramodular form f of degree 2 and weight 3 given by the symmetric cube map. We find the level of f in terms of the coefficients of the Weierstrass equation of E. In order to compute the paramodular level, we use the available description of the local representations of GL ( 2 , Q p ) attached to E for p ≥ 5 and determine the local representation of GL ( 2 , Q 3 ) attached to E.
Stimulation of circulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP) due to administration of a combined trenbolone acetate and estradiol implant in feedlot cattle

Objectives of this study were to analyze alterations in circulating IGF-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) concentrations due to administration of a combined trenbolone acetate (TBA) and estradiol (E2) implant. This study was part of a larger serial slaughter study in which 64 large-framed (394.1 kg) crossbred steers were randomly assigned to one of four pens. Pens were assigned to one of two treatments: implanted (120 mg of TBA and 24 mg of E2) and nonimplanted. After d 2, 24 steers/treatment remained on the study. These steers were assigned to one of three serial slaughter dates (d 40, 115, and 143). Blood samples were obtained on d 0, 2, 21, 40, 115, and 143 from remaining steers. Serum was harvested and analyzed for IGF-I, IGFBP, and mitogenic activity. Glycyl-glycine (GG) extraction of serum was performed to reduce IGFBP interference in the IGF-I RIA. Implantation with TBA+E2 interference in the IGF-I RIA. Implantation with TBA+E2 increased (P < .001) circulating IGF-I concentrations during the period from d 0 to d 40. On d 21 and 40, steers implanted with TBA+E2 had 16 and 22%, respectively, greater (P < .001) circulating IGF-I concentrations than nonimplanted steers. For steers in the study for at least 115 d, TBA+E2 increased (P < .05) IGF-I concentrations 9, 13, and 19% on d 21, 40, and 115, respectively, compared with nonimplanted steers. Implantation with TBA+E2 resulted in greater (P < .05) serum concentration of a 49/39-kDa IGFBP (IGFBP-3) on d 21 and 40 after implantation. Sera from steers implanted with TBA+E2 stimulated proliferation of cultured muscle satellite cells to a greater extent (P < .05) than did sera from nonimplanted steers on d 21, 40, 115, and 143 after implantation. In summary, TBA+E2 increased serum concentrations of both IGF-I and IGFBP-3. Additionally, implantation increased mitogenic activity of sera from implanted as compared to nonimplanted steers. These alterations may be partially responsible for the positive effects of TBA+E2 implants on feedlot performance and rate of protein accretion in steers.
Does Conservative Stock Option Accounting Lead to Aggressive Cash Flow Reporting

In this paper, we examine whether recognizing higher option-based compensation expense leads to lower quality operating cash flows when options are exercised. FAS 123(R) changes the classification of the tax benefit from employee stock options in the statement of cash flows by splitting it into two parts: one reported in the operating section and the other in the financing section. Moreover, the proportion reported in the operating section increases with the amount of compensation expense previously recognized. We show that the tax benefit differs from other items of operating cash flows because it has no reliable association with future earnings. We also show that the predictive ability of current period earnings components declines when the tax benefit is classified as an operating cash flow. Finally, we find evidence that investors overprice the tax benefit, suggesting investors do not distinguish it from other operating cash flows. Taken together, our results suggest that the revised treatment of the tax benefit under FAS 123(R) gives rise to a curious situation where more conservative reporting at the grant date increases the proportion of future tax benefits that is included in the operating section, thereby lowering the quality of future reported cash flows.
Prediction of esterification rate constants for secondary alkan-2-ols based on one- and two-parameter Taft equations:

Equilibrium constants and reaction rate constants for the esterification of secondary alkan-2-ols with acetic acid were measured at 60°C in 1,4-dioxane. Taft coefficients, as single parameter (with...
Expanded Helicenes as Synthons for Chiral Macrocyclic Nanocarbons

Expanded helicenes are large, structurally flexible π-frameworks that can be viewed as building blocks for more complex chiral nanocarbons. Here we report a gram-scale synthesis of an alkyne-functionalized expanded [11]helicene and its single-step transformation into two structurally and functionally distinct types of macrocyclic derivatives: (1) a figure-eight dimer via alkyne metathesis (also gram scale) and (2) two arylene-bridged expanded helicenes via Zr-mediated, formal [2+2+n] cycloadditions. The phenylene-bridged helicene displays a substantially higher enantiomerization barrier (22.1 kcal/mol) than its helicene precursor (<11.9 kcal/mol), which makes this a promising strategy to access configurationally stable expanded helicenes. In contrast, the topologically distinct figure-eight retains the configurational lability of the helicene precursor. Despite its lability in solution, this compound forms homochiral single crystals. Here, the configuration is stabilized by an intricate network of two distinct yet interconnected helical superstructures. The enantiomerization mechanisms for all new compounds were probed using density functional theory, providing insight into the flexibility of the figure-eight and guidance for future synthetic modifications in pursuit of non-racemic macrocycles.
Davidson's Debt to Anscombe

Robert Myers’ interpretation of Donald Davidson's practical philosophy gets Davidson right in many fundamental respects. Myers rightly argues that Davidson avoids inconsistencies among internalism, ethical objectivity, and the belief-desire theory by modifying central elements of the Humean belief-desire theory, and that Davidson's alternative legitimizes the extension of his interpretation and triangulation arguments into the practical sphere. But at a crucial fork in the interpretive road Myers loses his way. Davidson follows G.E.M. Anscombe down a different path, one that takes individual desires to be constituted in part by evaluative judgements.
How Students’ Intellectual Orientations and Cognitive Reasoning Abilities and May Shape Their Perceptions of Good Teaching Practices

Recent research has uncovered significant concerns about the validity of some types of college student self-reports. This study examines the extent to which student reports about a critical type of college experience—good teaching practices—may be biased as a function of students’ intellectual orientations and cognitive reasoning abilities. Perceptions of instruction and instructional practices are especially important in higher education, given their increasing use for institutional quality assurance, as well as faculty rehiring and promotion processes. Using a large, multi-institutional, longitudinal dataset of first-year students, this study shows that several cognitive indicators predict perceptions of six different sets of good teaching practices and that these relationships do not seem to be explained by actual differences in students’ experiences. Additional analyses indicate that halo effects, in which global evaluations of instructor quality and institutional satisfaction affect students’ perceptions of their engagement with good practices, may partially explain these findings. The results provide important implications for practice and research related to college student survey data, including ways that these biases can be reduced or eliminated to more accurately capture students’ engagement in good practices and the factors that may contribute to students’ perceptions of their environment.
The Predictive Utility of the Wisconsin Risk Needs Assessment Instrument in a Sample of Successfully Released Texas Probationers

Predictive actuarial risk needs assessment research has focused on probation completion. This research examines the predictive utility of the Wisconsin Risk Needs Assessment instrument as used with Texas probationers. The purpose of the research reported in this article is threefold: (1) to determine the rate of rearrest for successfully released probationers; (2) to examine the predictive utility of the Wisconsin Risk Needs Assessment instrument in a sample of successfully released probationers; and (3) to determine if the assessment tool correctly classifies probationers according to their risk of rearrest. The Wisconsin instrument predictive utility appears to be 12.5% better than chance. Several recommendations for future research of released probationers are proposed.
A Prime Testing Algorithm from Leonhard Euler

In 1749, Leonhard Euler solved a longstanding open problem in number theory, proving Fermat’s 1640 conjecture that any prime number of the form 4m+1 can be written as the sum of two squares. This a...