cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Kernel Least-Mean-Square Algorithm

The combination of the famed kernel trick and the least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm provides an interesting sample-by-sample update for an adaptive filter in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS), which is named in this paper the KLMS. Unlike the accepted view in kernel methods, this paper shows that in the finite training data case, the KLMS algorithm is well posed in RKHS without the addition of an extra regularization term to penalize solution norms as was suggested by Kivinen [Kivinen, Smola and Williamson, ldquoOnline Learning With Kernels,rdquo IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 52, no. 8, pp. 2165-2176, Aug. 2004] and Smale [Smale and Yao, ldquoOnline Learning Algorithms,rdquo Foundations in Computational Mathematics, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 145-176, 2006]. This result is the main contribution of the paper and enhances the present understanding of the LMS algorithm with a machine learning perspective. The effect of the KLMS step size is also studied from the viewpoint of regularization. Two experiments are presented to support our conclusion that with finite data the KLMS algorithm can be readily used in high dimensional spaces and particularly in RKHS to derive nonlinear, stable algorithms with comparable performance to batch, regularized solutions.
Synthesis of photoreactive phosphatidylethanolamine and its interaction with phospholipase A2

A photoreactive derivative of phosphatidylethanolamine, N-(4-azidobenzoyl)phosphatidylethanolamine (AB-PE), was synthesized by acylation of phosphatidylethanolamine with an N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of 4-azidobenzoic acid. The substantial photosensitivity exhibited by AB-PE correlated with a marked decrease in the absorption spectra of the compound. The compound proved sensitive to lipase and phospholipase A2 hydrolysis but resistant to phospholipase C and D activities. Photolysis of a sonicated dispersion of AB-PE containing phospholipase A2 resulted in irreversible inhibition of the enzyme. Addition of natural phosphatidylethanolamine provided protection against photoinactivation.
The Importance of Being Positive: The Nature and Function of Judicial Review

This lecture advances a positive theory of judicial review. Most legal theory about judicial review is normative: it envisions judicial review as posing either a hope for, or a threat to, democracy. The hope is that courts will protect rights; the threat is that judicial review will undermine popular governance. Depending on which position a scholar believes is correct, there follows prescription about how judges should behave. The lecture relies upon learning from the social sciences - primarily history and political economy - to undermine the central assumption of both the hope and threat stories. At the heart of both hope and threat theories is an essentially empirical assumption: that the judiciary can impose its will in the face of contrary political sentiment. Evidence and theory from the social sciences, however, suggests courts are unlikely to be able to play the heroic role, and that in fact they have not acted contrary to popular will for an extended period of time. If both hope and threat are overstated because judicial decisions cannot run into the face of popular will, what is the function of judicial review? Turning from critique, the lecture examines what we know about how judicial review operates, to build a positive theory of judicial review. The primary reaction to contested judicial decisions is backlash, followed by a period of engagement in which political forces seek to overturn unpopular decisions. Evidence shows that over time judicial decisions come into line with longstanding popular will. In light of the actual process of judicial review, it is best understood as promoting dialogue in society about fundamental constitutional values. Courts foment debate over contested constitutional issues, and ultimately bring the Constitution into line with dominant views on those issues. There are normative reasons to applaud this role. But whether they are persuasive or not, as a positive matter this is what judicial review does.
Neurogenic Dysphagia Frequency, Progression, and Outcome in Adults Following Head Injury

A retrospective chart review was conducted to determine the frequency, progression, and outcome of neurogenic dysphagia in head-injured adults admitted to a rehabilitation facility. Approximately 25 percent of the sample demonstrated swallowing or oral motor problems on admission. Ninety-four percent of this group ultimately became successful oral feeders. The majority of these patients participated in a feeding program planned and implemented by the physical therapist. The average time from injury for the nonoral feeders to successful completion of their first oral meal was about three months. A concomitant resolution of cognitive problems, primitive oral motor reflexes, and neurogenic dysphagia occurred.
Effects of external limb compression on bone blood flow in rabbits.

In New Zealand rabbits pulses of pressure (seventy millimeters of mercury at two-second intervals) applied by a pneumatic tourniquet placed about the leg and connected to an animal respirator consistently increased femoral nutrient vein blood flow 16 to 150 per cent when the pulses were superimposed on an ambient pressure of five millimeters of mercury, while the same pulses superimposed on an ambient pressure of twenty millimeters of mercury consistently reduced blood flow 25 to 59 per cent.
Stormwater Management in a Time of Climate Change: Insights from a Series of Scenario-Building Dialogues

AbstractNumerous decision support tools have been developed to assist stormwater managers to understand future scenarios and devise management strategies. This paper presents one such tool, the Vulnerability, Consequences, and Adaptation Planning Scenarios (VCAPS) process, and reports on experiences from its deployment in 10 coastal communities on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts. VCAPS helps to elucidate local complexities, couplings, and contextual nuance through dialogue among technical experts and those with detailed contextual knowledge of a community. Participants in the process develop qualitative scenarios of climate change impacts and how different management strategies may prevent or mitigate undesirable consequences. The scenarios help stormwater managers diagnose potential problems that may emerge from climate change and variability, which can then be subject to further detailed analysis. The authors describe five challenges faced by stormwater managers and how insights that emerge from scenario-b...
A Multi-Shock Inverse Design Method for Low-Boom Supersonic Aircraft

Traditionally, aircraft shaping to minimize sonic boom has been done using methods 1,2 that generate equivalent area distributions which produce two-shock ground signals. The aircraft is then designed to meet this target equivalent area distribution. Although the area distributions produced by these methods achieve reduced ground signature overpressures compared to the traditional N-wave, the drag of the corresponding aircraft may be large. Additionally, these methods are restricted to finding area distributions that result in ground signals with only two shocks. We propose a method that addresses both issues. First, increased flexibility in the shape of the area distribution permits trade off between ground signal noise and aircraft performance for a specific signal shape. Second, this new method is capable of finding equivalent area distributions that result in ground signals containing more than two shocks, and is also able to eliminate the aft shock. We conclude by demonstrating the multi-shock inverse design method on several ground signals: a simple two-shock ground signal, ground signals containing five and nine shocks, and a two-shock ground signal with no aft shock.
Historic Districts and Urban Design

During the past decade, preservation has become a viable force in halting innercity decay. A survey by the Urban Land Institute showed that in 1975, "significant" private-market renovation occurred in 70% of American cities with a population of 250,000, and that 60 separate neighborhoods in 20 of the largest cities were undergoing major revitalization. In addition, the success of such places as Ghirardhelli Square in San Francisco and Quincy Market in Boston inspired the nationwide renovation of old warehouses, factories, wharves, and train stations for commercial use. There is an emerging consensus that historic districts can greatly benefit cities. However a great deal of confusion still exists concerning proper criteria for designating "historic" district and procedures for delineating appropriately sized and shaped urban areas. The National Trust for Historic Preservation published a book A Guide to Delineating Edges of Historic Districts which summarizes standard criteria. Most historic districts are quite small and focus upon concentrations of architectural and historic important landmarks. Edges are defined by obvious and convenient criteria such as topography, land use, major streets, and building type. Geographers are identifying and delineating various types of regions or districts in center city. Studies defining the CBD (Central Business District) and land use changes in the Transition Zone have estabished procedures for identifying functional arrangements and spatial patterns. Other studies, such as "The Industrial Revolution and the Emergence of Boston's Central Business District" have explored such functional arrangements in the distant and recent past. Geography, has a long history of interest in spatial pattern and landscape and their interactions. The establishement of historic districts, because of their popularity and potential impact on city structure, would seem a likely focal point for merging spatial and landscape traditions. To be effective, historic district designation must consider the design of cities as well as the design of buildings.
Grain sorghums in laying hen diets.

Abstract THE economic advantages of the grain sorghums over corn in the Southwest and West have led to the extensive use of these grains in poultry rations in these sections of the country. In recent years, the nutritional value of the grain sorghums (compared with corn) has become the subject of studies with both chicks and laying hens. Some of these studies tend to indicate that inferior performance may be encountered under some conditions with grain sorghum diets; while other reports show the grains to be of equal value for poultry. Holst and Newton (1927), Payne (1926), Sherwood (1926) and Hammond (1942), all agreed that grain sorghum could be substituted in part for white or yellow corn in diets for laying hens. Adolph and Grau (1956) and Berry (1958) observed no significant differences between the two grains when compared in laying hen diets. In the last few years, some workers have …
How We Treat Cutaneous Candidiasis

Cutaneous candidiasis (moniliasis) is treated by counteracting inflammation, preventing further multiplication, and altering predisposing factors.
Awareness status of AIDS and related factors among floating population in the development zone of Nantong

Objective To investigate the awareness status of AIDS and to provide the evidence for AIDS publicity and education among floating population in the development zone of Nantong. Methods Between February and June in 2013, floating population in the development zone of Nantong were investigated by anonymous self-administered questionnaires. All data were entered by software Epidata3.1 and analyzed by software SPSS18.0. Results A total of 812 floating population were recruited and surveyed, the awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge was 61.1%(496/812). Gender, age, marital status, occupation and educational level were related with the awareness of knowledge about AIDS by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion The awareness rate of AIDS was low in the development zone of Nantong where floating population concentrate, effective efforts should be taken to strengthen the health education of AIDS in floating population.
Parallel Lasso Screening for Big Data Optimization

Lasso regression is a widely used technique in data mining for model selection and feature extraction. In many applications, it remains challenging to apply the regression model to large-scale problems that have massive data samples with high-dimensional features. One popular and promising strategy is to solve the Lasso problem in parallel. Parallel solvers run multiple cores in parallel on a shared memory system to speedup the computation, while the practical usage is limited by the huge dimension in the feature space. Screening is a promising method to solve the problem of high dimensionality by discarding the inactive features and removing them from optimization. However, when integrating screening methods with parallel solvers, most of solvers cannot guarantee the convergence on the reduced feature matrix. In this paper, we propose a novel parallel framework by parallelizing screening methods and integrating it with our proposed parallel solver. We propose two parallel screening algorithms: Parallel Strong Rule (PSR) and Parallel Dual Polytope Projection (PDPP). For the parallel solver, we proposed an Asynchronous Grouped Coordinate Descent method (AGCD) to optimize the regression problem in parallel on the reduced feature matrix. AGCD is based on a grouped selection strategy to select the coordinate that has the maximum descent for the objective function in a group of candidates. Empirical studies on the real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed parallel framework has a superior performance compared to the state-of-the-art parallel solvers.
Becoming-American: Experiencing the nation through LGBT fabulation in a ninth grade U.S. history class

Abstract This article considers “safe spaces” for students—in particular LGBT students—as a worthy goal for educators, but ultimately a vision for learning that can shelter and limit the kinds of ethical encounters that provide opportunities for students to engage with contested narratives, histories, and perspectives on LGBT issues. As an alternative, the article explores “spaces of becoming” that work beyond safe spaces to be more inclusive of competing and contentious perspectives on LGBT issues. To examine how spaces of becoming work, two concepts from educational theory informed by the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze—becoming and fabulation—are put to use in analyzing data from a qualitative study of a high school social studies teacher׳s unit on LGBT history in the United States. Examples of fabulation are highlighted to suggest how the narration of LGBT histories in two lessons of the teacher׳s ninth grade U.S. History course work both for and against a space of what the author terms “becoming-American” in this social studies classroom. Some implications from this study are drawn for social studies educators, namely how social studies education can push beyond awareness and visibility for LGBT persons for more radical curricular possibilities.
Strengthening Causal Inference in Developmental Research

Demonstrating causal effects in developmental studies is important if results are to guide programs and policies that improve the lives of children and families. Yet, human development is complex and dynamic, and researchers are often limited to correlational data to answer their questions, which challenges the establishment of causal relations. In this article, we summarize potential threats to internal validity researchers encounter when analyzing correlational data and present several methods to strengthen internal validity. We suggest that developmental scientists consider using these methods in their studies to strengthen causal inferences and enhance the impact of their research.
Teaching NeuroImages: Acute neurologic deficits due to surfer's myelopathy

A previously healthy 32-year-old man developed acute onset of lower extremity weakness (American Spinal Injury Association [ASIA]–motor L2-S1, grade 2/5), T8 sensory level, and loss of bowel and bladder control (ASIA Impairment Scale [AIS] C) while surfing. The patient was a novice surfer and recalled a prolonged period in prone hyperextension. MRI spine was consistent with surfer's myelopathy, a rare nontraumatic cause of myelopathy found in novice surfers (figure).1,2 The etiology is postulated to be due to dynamic compression of the artery of Adamkiewicz. The patient recovered full function with conservative management over 3 days. Full recovery is expected in patients with AIS B or better, as opposed to patients with AIS A, who typically do not recover.1
Superconvergence of the local discontinuous Galerkin method for the sine-Gordon equation on Cartesian grids

In this paper, we investigate the superconvergence properties of the local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) method applied to the two-dimensional sine-Gordon nonlinear hyperbolic equation on Cartesian grids. We perform a local error analysis and show that the actual error can be split into an O ( h p + 1 ) leading component and a higher-order component, when tensor product polynomials of degree at most p are used. We further prove that the leading term of the LDG error is spanned by two ( p + 1 ) -degree Radau polynomials in the x and y directions, respectively. Thus, the LDG solution is O ( h p + 2 ) superconvergent at Radau points obtained as a tensor product of the roots of ( p + 1 ) -degree right Radau polynomial. Computational results indicate that our superconvergence results hold globally. We use these results to construct simple, efficient, and asymptotically exact a posteriori LDG error estimates. The proposed error estimates are computationally simple and are obtained by solving local steady problems with no boundary conditions on each element. Finally, we present several numerical examples to validate the superconvergence results and the asymptotic exactness of our a posteriori error estimates under mesh refinement.
Caveat Fractal: Dissecting the Body of Indexing Theory, Uncovering Complexity, and Moving Toward Performativity

How does our understanding of indexing as a complex act inform design and evaluation approaches?
The Hy Effect on Ra in Widely Variable Circumstances

The relationships of Hy and R (whether Rr, Rc, or Ra) to each other and to age are well described by a simple equation that applies under a remarkably wide range of circumstances. The details suggest a causal pattern, x1 → Hy → R ← x2, where the symbols x1 and x2 are used to designate two hypothetical separate and independent groups of unknown multifactorial causes.
The plight of protamine for heparin reversal in sensitized individuals

Abstract Introduction Anaphylaxis to protamine is a rare and potentially fatal complication. Risk factors for protamine reaction may include history of prior cardiac surgery (with intraoperative protamine exposure), true fish allergy (as protamine is commonly derived from salmon sperm), history of vasectomy (due to formation of anti-sperm antibodies), insulin-dependent diabetes (due to exposure to neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) and other protamine containing forms of insulin), as well as excessively rapid administration of protamine. Aim To report a case of anaphylaxis to protamine, increase awareness of protamine anaphylaxis and its treatments. Case study Our patient had several risk factors not identified preoperatively and experienced a type 1 allergic reaction with anaphylaxis upon protamine administration. The patient was appropriately treated and made a full recovery from this potentially catastrophic event. Results and discussion We present this case of a known drug reaction to remind our colleagues of the importance of screening for risk factors for protamine reaction, which include: shellfish allergy, insulin-dependent diabetes, prior protamine exposure, and vasectomy. The patient presented in this case had risk factors for allergic reaction to protamine including prior protamine exposure and vasectomy. The risks and benefits of protamine administration in a patient with multiple risk factors for protamine reaction are discussed, as is the controversy surrounding the clinical utility (or lack thereof) for protamine administration in elective peripheral vascular procedures. Conclusions Identification of patient risk factors prior to protamine administration could result in (1) avoidance of protamine administration or (2) improved preparation for potential anaphylaxis.
Limits of location privacy under anonymization and obfuscation

The prevalence of mobile devices and location-based services (LBS) has generated great concerns regarding the LBS users' privacy, which can be compromised by statistical analysis of their movement patterns. A number of algorithms have been proposed to protect the privacy of users in such systems, but the fundamental underpinnings of such remain unexplored. Recently, the concept of perfect location privacy was introduced and its achievability was studied for anonymization-based LBS systems, where user identifiers are permuted at regular intervals to prevent identification based on statistical analysis of long time sequences. In this paper, we significantly extend that investigation by incorporating the other major tool commonly employed to obtain location privacy: obfuscation, where user locations are purposely obscured to protect their privacy. Since anonymization and obfuscation reduce user utility in LBS systems, we investigate how location privacy varies with the degree to which each of these two methods is employed. We provide: (1) achievability results for the case where the location of each user is governed by an i.i.d. process; (2) converse results for the i.i.d. case as well as the more general Markov Chain model. We show that, as the number of users in the network grows, the obfuscation-anonymization plane can be divided into two regions: in the first region, all users have perfect location privacy; and, in the second region, no user has location privacy.
Pulmonary Embolism Associated with Dialysis Access Procedure

Pulmonary emboli (PE) are a common occurrence in dialysis patients, especially in association with a thrombectomy procedure performed on a dialysis vascular access. The consequence of these emboli range from those that are small and cause no recognizable immediate effect to those that can have fatal consequences. It is important for the interventional nephrologists to be able to recognize situations in which a serious PE is possible and avoid it to the degree possible. It is also important that a clinically significant PE be recognized in a timely manner and managed appropriately in order to decrease morbidity and mortality. In this chapter, these issues are discussed.
Do estrogens enhance activation of brown and beiging of adipose tissues

Obesity and its associated co-morbidities are worldwide public health concerns. Obesity is characterized by excessive adipose tissue accumulation; however, it is important to recognize that human and rodent adipose tissues are made up of several distinct adipose tissue sub-types. White adipose tissue (WAT) is considered the prototypical fat cell, due to its capacity and capability to store large amounts of lipid. In contrast, brown adipose tissue (BAT) oxidizes substrates to generate heat. BAT contains more mitochondria than WAT and express uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1), which mediates BAT thermogenesis. A third sub-type of adipose tissue, Brown-in-white (BRITE)/beige adipocytes arise from WAT upon adrenergic stimulation and resembles BAT functionally. The energy burning feature of BAT/beige cells, combined with evidence of an inverse-correlation between BAT/beige adipose tissue and obesity have given rise to the hypothesis that obesity may be linked to BAT/beige 'malfunction'. Females have more BAT and perhaps an enhanced capacity to beige their adipose tissue when compared to males. Multiple signal pathways are capable of activating BAT thermogenesis and beiging of WAT; here, we discuss the potential role of estrogens in enhancing and mediating these factors to enhance adipose tissue thermogenesis.
Group Identity and Social Comparisons

Most studies of minority identity have utilized black American children. Drawing on the diverse traditions of this research, four summary conclusions are advanced. Particularly relevant investigations of minority identity conducted on other groups are also reviewed, and they suggest two further conclusions about the generalization of these black American results. Implications are drawn for future research and social policy. To understand better how social policy shapes minority identity, a systematic program of cross-national studies of guestworkers in Western Europe is especially urged.
Boid swarms: nifty assignment

Graphics programs can be used to spark student interest and enthusiasm, and if they are interactive, even better. By supplying skeleton programs (with sliders) to CS I students, they are able to write such programs by mid-semester. CS II students add further event driven programming by utilizing mouse clicks.
FEWER DEATHS OR HOSPITALIZATIONS FOR HEART FAILURE USING HYDRALAZINE-ISOSORBIDE MONONITRATE COMPARED TO HYDRALAZINE-ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTOLIC HEART FAILURE

Hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate (H-ISDN) carries an indication for treating systolic heart failure (HF). Hydralazine-isosorbide mononitrate (H-ISMN) does not carry this indication, but is used nonetheless as ISMN is once a day, while ISDN is three times a day. How effective H-ISMN is compared to H-
Chapter 2 – History

Publisher Summary Sulfur has been known for 1000 of years; the first reference to it being found is in the Old Testament. For the alchemists, sulfur was one of the four basic ingredients of chemistry. Everything combustible was believed to contain sulfur and new substances were assumed to constitute new forms of sulfur compounds. As early as 3000 years ago, natural and melted sulphur was distinguished. The milk of sulfur was prepared from the flowers of sulfur around 1500. The two crystalline forms of sulphur were discovered in 1823, which were called alpha and beta sulfur. The properties of the dark brown sulfur vapor were early recognized to be peculiar. The book Tractatus de Sulphure started a tradition of sulfur research, which is at present again alive in modern Poland. A dramatic increase in sulfuric acid production began in 1864 with the manufacture of superphosphate. Ever since, sulfuric acid has been the leading industrial chemical.
B Physics at PEP and SLC

In the coming year or two initial data from the SLC and the luminosity upgraded PEP machine should provide reasonably large numbers of B decays. We look below at the prospects of addressing some of the physics issues of the B system with the expected data.
Resistance of diabetic rat electroretinogram to hypoxemia.

PURPOSE To investigate the mechanisms of the known electroretinographic abnormalities of diabetic rats and to explore effects of hypoxemia. METHODS Subretinal and vitreal microelectrodes were used to isolate the retinal and retinal pigment epithelial components of the electroretinogram. Normoxic and hypoxemic recordings were taken from nine normal and six streptozotocin-diabetic, anesthetized, paralyzed, and ventilated pigmented rats. RESULTS When inspired O2 was reduced the retinal pigment epithelial c-wave component of most of the normal rats diminished, whereas those of the diabetic rats, though initially smaller, were more resistant to the episode of hypoxemia (P = 0.0061). A similar trend was seen in other components. CONCLUSION It is proposed that the reduced sensitivity of the diabetic electroretinogram to hypoxemia results from a reduced dependency of the diabetic retina on oxygen. This reduced dependence may follow from a shift in adenosine triphosphate production whereby oxidative phosphorylation is reduced by the high level of retinal intracellular glucose (Crabtree effect). A reduced oxygen demand would cause a transient increase in retinal PO2, leading to a reduction in retinal blood flow. The resulting chronic hypoperfusion of the retinal circulation may deprive the retina of vital, non-energy-related substances.
Motor Learning by Charge Placement with Self-organizing Maps

Adaptively learned sensory-motor mappings are useful for describing fixed or slowly varying characteristics of a motor task. If interactions with variable objects are important, a more flexible representation scheme is needed. In this contribution we suggest to combine the “method of charges” with adaptive networks, such as self-organizing maps, to provide a flexible and powerful approach to tasks of motor learning. As an example, we discuss this approach for the task of learning grasp movements for planar objects of variable shape and report simulation results using a self-organizing map learning the proper placement of the charges.
Introduction: A place in science

Have you ever tried to find a place that you know exists – but didn’t have a map? Maybe you tried this road and that road and came closer and closer and finally found the place you were looking for.
Survival outcomes in plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma: Results with contemporary systemic therapy.

e16525Background: Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (PUC) is a rare variant histology where malignant cells resemble those of plasmacytoma. Majority of the patients (pts) are upstaged at the time o...
A Strategy for Risk-adjusted Ranking of Surgeons and Practices Based on Patient-reported Outcomes After Elective Lumbar Surgery

Study Design.This study retrospectively analyzes prospectively collected data.Objective.The primary aim of this study is to present a scheme for patient-reported outcome (PRO)-based, risk-adjusted rankings of spine surgeons and sites that perform elective lumbar surgery, using the Quality and Outcom
The Organic Intellectual and English Studies in India

The paper discusses the importance of incorporating the study of oral literature in the syllabi of English literature across the country in order to know the Lokāyata tradition. It also connects this with the growth of organic intellectuals who can inspire radical change by understanding the evolution of the cultural roots of the country with a direct involvement of the masses. The paper illustrates this through a comparative study of Macaulay and Grierson, the two British officers, and their approaches to the issue. The former advocated the study of British literature, whereas the latter emphasised the readings of oral tradition. The paper advocates an overall internal change in the syllabi through the inclusion of the Indian oral tradition for the benefit of its masses.
“Waiting for the Other Shoe to Drop:” Distress and Coping During and After Treatment for Breast Cancer

This study explored distress and coping strategies during and after breast cancer treatment. Open ended interview questions were used to explore stress and coping across the illness trajectory and during continuing care. With permission, 49 of the 50 interviews were audiotaped. Interviews also involved the use of the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R), the Ways of Coping (WAYS) and the Lubben Social Support Network Scale (LSNS-6). Data analysis involved a sequential quantitative (dominant)-qualitative (non-dominant) design.A mean-split procedure was used to compare lower and higher distress. The overall IES-R score as well as the Avoidance, Intrusions, and Hyperarousal subscales were all statistically significant between the higher-lower distress groups. Fourteen of the 22 individual IES-R items were significantly different between groups.WAYS subscale scores were not significantly different but 21% of the individual items were. Stress involves (1) physical stressors and(2) psychosocial stressors: (fear of recurrence and family-focused concerns). Coping involves (1) activity-based strategies, (2) cognitive strategies, and (3) spiritual strategies. Breast cancer survivors experience persistent concern about recurrence and uncertainty about the future. Understanding the nature of distress and how women cope during and after treatment are key to improved care for women who have breast cancer.
Managing Opioid Use Disorder in the Setting of a Terminal Disease: Opportunities and Challenges.

Opioids have long been a mainstay of symptom management in palliative care (PC), allowing patients with terminal illnesses to have an improved quality of life. Unfortunately, these same medications...
Home Visits for Children and Adolescents with Uncontrolled Type 1 Diabetes

Background: Home-based video visits were provided over one year as a supplement to in-person care for pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients with suboptimal glycemic control. We hypothesized that...
Life Review and Development of Thyratron in Linac Coherent Light Source

Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at SLAC has been running since April, 2009 and is driven by eighty-four klystrons. Each klystron is powered by a line-type modulator with a high power thyratron as a switch. The thyratron life has become an important concern. In this report, we will review thyratron life data in LCLS as well as thyratron development.
Use of Impedance Planimetry (Endoflip) in Foregut Surgery Practice: Experience of More than 400 Cases

Background We provide a comprehensive report of our institution’s experience with the endoluminal functional lumen imaging probe (Endoflip) impedance planimetry system, a device that can be used intraoperatively to objectively evaluate the distensibility of any sphincter of the gastrointestinal tract. We aim to describe the variety of ways in which the Endoflip can be used in a foregut surgeon’s practice. Study Design This is a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained quality database of all patients in which the functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) system was used between February 2013 and June 2019. Results During the study period, 402 FLIP cases were performed: 226 fundoplications, 94 peroral endoscopic myotomies, 15 peroral pyloromyotomies, 12 antireflux mucosectomies, 11 magnetic sphincter augmentations, 9 laparoscopic Heller myotomies, 8 pre-esophagectomy esophagogastroduodenoscopies (EGDs), 4 diagnostic EGDs, 8 endoscopic Zenker’s diverticulotomies, 5 post-peroral endoscopic myotomy EGDs, 8 EGDs with dilations, and 2 transoral incisional fundoplications. Conclusions Within a foregut surgeon’s practice, the FLIP can be used to measure the upper esophageal sphincter, lower esophageal sphincter, and pylorus in a variety of clinical scenarios and settings.
Sobre un sistema paraconsistente

This paper summarizes the preliminary results of the A.'s systcmatic study of modal and deontic systems with a paraconsistent basis. Some considerations on the meaning of "non-triviality" and its differences with the concept of consistency are expounded. The A. argues in favour of the reasons why paraconsistent basis is the most natural one for deontic and other similar logics.
Treatment of open injury of foot and ankle in children

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,treatment methods,and clinical outcomes of open injury of foot and ankle in children.Methods From February 2004 to June 2010,35 children with open injury of foot and ankle were treated,including 22 males and 13 females,aged from 3 years to 14 years (average,8.4 years).Twenty-eight cases resulted from traffic accidents; 7 cases occurred from sharp instruments and machine-related crush injuries.Thirty cases were associated with bone fractures,and according to the Gustilo classification of open fractures,five cases were Type Ⅰ injuries,eight cases were Type Ⅱ injuries and 22 cases were Type Ⅲ.Twenty three cases (type Ⅰ,type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ) underwent surgical debridement and/or internal fixation with skin flap grafting.Twelve type Ⅲ cases underwent debridement,temporary Kirschner wire or plaster fixation and VSD in the first stage of treatment.In the second stage of treatment,fracture reduction and internal fixation (with or without bone graft) + skin flap grafting was performed in all 12 cases.Results Thirty patients (85.7％) were followed-up for an average of 38.7months (range,6-89 months).Skin grafting was performed in two Type Ⅱ cases that developed necrosis in parts of the wound.Wound healing time was an average of 8.3 weeks (range,3-15 weeks).One Type Ⅲ case suffered chronic osteomyelitis with the formation of a sinus tract.Two cases suffered from club foot ab normalities 3 years postoperatively.All three patients above mentioned healed after treatment.In 12 type Ⅲpatients with staged treatment,the flap survived,and its color and elasticity were good.Healing time ranged from 3 to 8 weeks (average,6.8 weeks).According to the Maryland standard,17 cases were excellent,9good,3 fair,and 1 bad; the excellent and good rate was 86.7％.Conclusion Traffic accidents are the major causes of open foot and ankle trauma in children.A good surgical outcome can be achieved when patients receive staged treatment that is appropriate to injury severity. Key words: Child; Foot; Ankle; Fractures,open; Soft tissue injuries
Who Survived Titanic? A Logistic Regression Analysis:

Titanic --based upon passenger characteristics. The main finding is that underneath the strong overt preference afforded in the rescue by the authorities to women and children over men, there was a complex class determination of survival rates among men, on the one hand, and women and children, on the other. We hypothesize that the statistical interactions of gender and class are explained by two crucial decisions made by the ship’s authorities: 1. to encourage, and perhaps direct, some three to four hundred 3rd Class men quartered in the lower decks at the forward end back to the afterend of the stern; 2. to restrict the access of men at the after - end of the ship to the lifeboats launched from the after Boat and Promenade Decks.
Correlates of hospice use in elders with cancer

9579 Background: Use of hospice has remained relatively low. We aim to identify correlates of hospice in elders with cancer, hypothesizing that the presence of functional limitations and geriatric ...
Building a framework for inclusion in health services research: Development of and pre-implementation faculty and staff attitudes toward the Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) plan at Mayo Clinic.

Objective: To mitigate the impact of racism, sexism, and other systemic biases, it is essential for organizations to develop strategies to address their diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) climates. The objective of this formative evaluation was to assess Mayo Clinic Department of Health Sciences Research (HSR) faculty and staff perceptions toward a proposed departmental DEI plan and to explore findings by diversity and professional subgroups. Materials and methods: Key plan components include recruitment and support for diverse individuals; training for all HSR employees and leaders; and a review system to capture diversity and inclusion feedback for leaders. Additional activities include building inclusion “nudges” into existing performance reviews. To assess pre-implementation beliefs about specific plan components, we polled attendees at a departmental staff meeting in July 2020. Results: Overall, respondents (n = 162) commonly endorsed a blinded promotion review process and DEI training for all staff and leaders as most important. In contrast, respondents expressed less support for plan activities related to “nudges.” However, attitudes among certain diversity or professional groups toward specific plan activities diverged from their non-diversity group counterparts. Qualitative feedback indicated awareness of the need to address DEI issues. Discussion: Overall, HSR faculty and staff respondents conveyed support for the plan. However, some specific plan activities were perceived differently by members of certain diversity or professional subgroups. Conclusion: These findings present a DEI framework on which other institutions can build and point to future directions for how DEI activities may be differentially perceived by impacted faculty and staff.
Allylamine cardiotoxicity: metabolism and mechanism.

Allylamine (CH2=CH-CH2NH2) is an unsaturated aliphatic amine which is used in the production of drugs, antiseptics, and plastics. Although many investigators have studied the potent and relatively specific cardiovascular toxicity of allylamine, the mechanism of its toxic action remains obscure.
Distribution and vulnerability of transcriptional outputs across the genome in Myc-amplified medulloblastoma cells

Myc plays a central role in tumorigenesis by orchestrating the expression of genes essential to numerous cellular processes1-4. While it is well established that Myc functions by binding to its target genes to regulate their transcription5, the distribution of the transcriptional output across the human genome in Myc-amplified cancer cells, and the susceptibility of such transcriptional outputs to therapeutic interferences remain to be fully elucidated. Here, we analyze the distribution of transcriptional outputs in Myc-amplified medulloblastoma (MB) cells by profiling nascent total RNAs within a temporal context. This profiling reveals that a major portion of transcriptional action in these cells was directed at the genes fundamental to cellular infrastructure, including rRNAs and particularly those in the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA). Notably, even when Myc protein was depleted by as much as 80%, the impact on transcriptional outputs across the genome was limited, with notable reduction mostly only in genes involved in ribosomal biosynthesis, genes residing in mtDNA or encoding mitochondria-localized proteins, and those encoding histones. In contrast to the limited direct impact of Myc depletion, we found that the global transcriptional outputs were highly dependent on the activity of Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenases (IMPDHs), rate limiting enzymes for de novo guanine nucleotide synthesis and whose expression in tumor cells was positively correlated with Myc expression. Blockage of IMPDHs attenuated the global transcriptional outputs with a particularly strong inhibitory effect on infrastructure genes, which was accompanied by the abrogation of MB cells proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Together, our findings reveal a real time action of Myc as a transcriptional factor in tumor cells, provide new insight into the pathogenic mechanism underlying Myc-driven tumorigenesis, and support IMPDHs as a therapeutic vulnerability in cancer cells empowered by a high level of Myc oncoprotein.
Experimental techniques to gain mechanistic insight into fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass: A state-of-the-art review

Abstract This review focuses on identifying recent advances in experimental techniques used to probe gas-phase reactive/stable intermediates in fast pyrolysis (FP). Potential spectroscopic tools are discussed that can be employed to gain molecular level understanding of the surface adspecies in catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of lignocellulosic biomass. Isotopic labeling studies coupled with advanced analytical systems, such as dopant-assisted atmospheric pressure chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (dAPCI-TOFMS) and synchrotron-based vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectroscopy (SVUV-PIMS), are specifically noted. These methods have rejected certain reaction pathways proposed by density functional theory (DFT) based studies, which has promoted new alternative mechanisms to be proposed. The discussion includes similarities in the hydrocarbon pool species (HCP) formed during methanol-to-olefins (MTO) process and CFP of biomass along with the spectroscopic studies used to characterize the HCP species in MTO process on zeolite-based catalysts. While numerous reviews regarding pyrolysis reactors, intrinsic reaction mechanisms, and advanced analytical techniques to characterize bio-oil components are available in the open literature, the primary focus of this review is to identify the experimental studies that provide molecular-level mechanistic information on FP and CFP of biomass. Finally, future perspectives and key challenges are discussed.
Her Majesty's Attorney General - v - Akhter & Ors.: Islamic Marriage and Divorce in English Law

This brief considers the February 2020 judgment of the Court of Appeal of England & Wales in Akhter - v - Khan, an appeal brought by the Attorney General against the decision at first-instance to grant the petitioner wife, Akhter, a decree nisi, or provisional decree of divorce. The decision of the Court of Appeal was against the backdrop of the Law Commission holding a public consultation into the status at law of certain 'religious-only' marriages (including Islamic weddings) and whether, absent a contemporaneous or succeeding civil marriage, they are to be regarded as void (entitling petitioners to ancillary relief, such as spousal support) or 'non-marriages'.
The Psychiatrist as Leader-Teacher: Promoting Learning Beyond Residency.

In today’s fast-paced, data-saturated, zero-tolerance practice environment, psychiatrists and other health care providers are expected to maintain clinical, fiscal, and administrative competence. The authors present a unique type of psychiatric leader—the leader-teacher—who incorporates teaching of these elements into day-to-day practice, enhancing lifelong learning for credentialed staff and increasing their confidence in managing complex clinical and administrative issues. Particular emphasis is placed on leader-teachers working in military environments. The article discusses the primary characteristics of this type of leader, including their tendency to (1) seek clarification, (2) distill information, (3) communicate guidance, and (4) catalogue products. The authors also address the advantages and disadvantages of being a leader-teacher and present several illustrative cases.
Product differentiation via corporate social responsibility: consumer priorities and the mediating role of food labels

This article examines quantitatively the determinants of purchase decisions based on corporate social responsibility (CSR), adopting a hierarchical conceptual model of decision making where the key factors are personal concern, information availability and financial considerations. We use best–worst methods to assess consumer priorities (personal concern) for CSR activities in milk production; and elicit consumer interpretation of four labels (organic, Validus, Colorado Proud and rBST free) in terms of CSR and other outcomes (information availability). We then elicit willingness to pay (WTP) for the labels (financial considerations), and estimate regression models to determine how predictive each label perceptual profile is of WTP for milk. Animal welfare and sustainable agricultural practices are the most important activities, and milk labels do convey CSR-related messages. With the exception of the pair animal welfare-Validus, the link between CSR messages and WTP is tenuous. The discussion emphasizes the central role of each label’s perceptual profile in triggering product differentiation among consumers.