cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Business Process Reengineering

Business process reengineering (BPR) in Chapter 10 was specifically discussed in relation to legacy applications. This chapter provides further methods on actually replacing legacy systems as part of the redesign for a new system. That is, rather than create legacy links, replace the old application with the new system altogether. This approach can often be an attractive alternative because a packaged solution might indeed contain many of the features and functions of the legacy. The object-oriented (OO) paradigm is again the way to accomplish this analysis, particularly using the essential components that were outlined in Chapter 10. The essential components first require the establishment of the core business requirements and then the mapping of the functionality of the organization or business unit to these components.
When Sleeping Giants Awaken: Chicano Theatre in the 1960s

The term “Chicano” is as politically charged today as it was in the 1960s, when contemporary Chicano Theatre was born. No one can trace the etymology of the term, which is neither Spanish nor English, but it was adopted as a self-identifier by mostly urban, politicized Americans of Mexican descent during the period. To call oneself “Chicano” meant that you were neither Mexican nor “American” but, rather, someone who recognized the various forms of oppression your communities were suffering. Then, as now, Chicanos scorned people who identified themselves as “Mexican Americans,” dismissing them as middle-class conservatives who were more comfortable “blending in.” On the other hand, Mexican Americans shunned “those Chicanos” as rabble-rousers and troublemakers with undue grievances. There was a class distinction at play in which working-class Chicanos criticized middle-class Mexican Americans as “sell-outs.”
Canonical MDM pipelined IIR digital filters

In this paper, we perform a thorough performance comparison between existing recursive digital filter pipelining methods and the canonical Minimum Denominator-Multiplier (MDM) pipelining technique that permits hybrid pipelined solutions between the clustered look-ahead and scattered look-ahead techniques introduced by Parhi and Messerschmitt. The new MDM technique makes use of asymmetrical scattering in addition to symmetrical scattering in order to achieve substantially fewer added multipliers than the minimum order augmentation technique of Lim and Liu. The MDM technique always results in a stable pipelined filter, and provides a unifying approach to pipelining recursive digital filters.
The two-dimensional wave pattern produced by a disturbance moving in an arbitrary direction in a density stratified liquid

The two-dimensional internal wave pattern produced by a small disturbance moving with constant velocity along a line of arbitrary inclination in an inviscid, density stratified liquid is studied. It is shown how the far field wave pattern evolves as the inclination changes from the extreme of horizontal motion to that of vertical motion. It is found that, in general, waves propagate ahead of the disturbance.
Localization in elastic and inelastic scattering

The degree of information localization in elastic and inelastic scattering is examined in the context of imaging zone axis crystals in the aberration corrected STEM. We show that detector geometry is a critical factor in determining the localization, and compare a number of different geometries. Experimental core loss line traces demonstrate strong EELS localization at the titanium L-edge, even in the presence of dynamical elastic scattering.
MusicStory: a personalized music video creator

In this paper, we describe MusicStory, a system that automatically creates videos to accompany music with lyrics. MusicStory uses common search engines, photo-sharing websites, and simple analysis of the dynamics and tempo of the music to create personalized photo-narratives. Video pacing and content is based on the content of the song and structure of the image repositories selected. The image associations MusicStory presents amplify the emotional experience by externalizing the imagery in song lyrics with the content found within a social network. The resulting work juxtaposes the meanings inherent in the social network with those in the song.
Subchapter K, Gateway Drugs, and Tax Reform

In this report, Monroe considers the rules that govern the treatment of partnership distributions, focusing on two sources of discord within this system — the general nonrecognition rule grounding partnership distributions and the legal craft values that animate the rules’ design. She argues that legal craft functions as a restraint on meaningful tax reform, prioritizing perfection over progress. Monroe thus proposes a recognition-based approach to partnership distributions, one that strikes a more practical balance between legal craft, rule complexity, and taxpayer accessibility.
The Microstructure of Fe7C3 Formed at 300°C by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD)

Thin iron carbide films were prepared by introducing iron penta carbonyl (FeCO5) and hydrogen (H2) into a glow discharge. The films are of potential interest in corrosion and wear resistant applications. X-ray diffraction data of films (≈ 7000 A thick) deposited on glass at 300°C evidenced only Fe7C3. Thinner films were required for examination by analytical and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. Therefore, two sets of films (“thin” < 200 A and “thick” ≈ 800 A) were plasma-deposited on carbon or holey carbon films supported on copper grids. The thin TEM specimens exhibited a fine texture and gave rise to ring diffraction patterns, whereas the thick TEM specimens evidenced two types of structure: (i) half-micron sized grains separated from one another by 1–2 microns on the support, although sometimes interconnected by single crystal platelets and (ii) 300 A grape¬like clumps of 100–200 A crystals, each individually surrounded by a 50 A non-crystalline coating. The latter structure may result from a post-formation oxidation process which expels carbon from the iron phase into grain boundaries.
Mechanisms of VUV damage in BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+

We have studied vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)-induced damage processes in BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ using a unique accelerated life-testing device. Emission, excitation, and reflectance spectra of doped and undoped samples before and after VUV damage reveal two independent mechanisms of degradation. The observed color shift in damaged materials is due to the migration of Eu2+ ions to metastable sites in the lattice. The observed loss of brightness is due in part to the formation of color centers in the spinel layer that act as energy traps and also absorb the exciton emission of the host lattice, thus interrupting the transfer of energy from the host to the activator. Several modes of energy transfer to Eu2+ are available depending on the excitation energy.
Integrating Compositional and Decompositional Analyses to Represent the Intervening Role of Perceptions in Evaluative Judgments

In the study of preference formation, compositional methods (e.g., linear compensatory attitude models) and decompositional techniques (e.g., conjoint analysis) have developed along relatively sepa...
Toward Interpreting Failure in Sintered-Silver Interconnection Systems†

Abstract The mechanical strength and subsequent reliability of a sintered-silver interconnection “system” is a function of numerous independent parameters, and that “system” is still undergoing process development. Most of those parameters (e.g., choice of plating) are arguably and unfortunately often taken for granted and are independent of the silver's cohesive strength. To explore such effects, shear strength testing and failure analyses were completed on a simple, mock sintered-silver interconnection system consisting of bonding two DBC ceramic substrates. Silver and gold platings were part of the test matrix, as were drying strategies, and the consideration of stencil-printing vs. screen-printing. Shear strength of sintered-silver interconnect systems was found to be insensitive to the choice of plating, drying practice, and printing method provided careful and consistent processing of the sintered-silver are practiced. Lastly, with the examined interconnection systems, it was observed that a maximum...
5-Fluorouracil with cytosine arabinoside in metastatic gastrointestinal cancer

A 2-drug combination chemotherapy regimen of 5-fluorouracil (FU) and cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) was used in 23 patients with gastrointestinal cancer. The drugs were administered as a mixture by daily continuous infusion for 5 days at 4-wk intervals. Dosages for each drug were: FU, 1.1 gm/m2/day and ara-C, 50 mg/m2/day. The incidence of leukopenia (WBC, less than 3,500/mm3) was 36% and of thrombocytopenia (platelets, less than 125,000/mm3), 18% during 33 courses administered at full doses. No clinical antitumor effects were observed in 18 patients evaluable for therapeutic response. The addition of ara-C to a nonmyelosuppressive dose schedule of FU results in potentiated marrow suppression, and the antitumor effect for the combination is less than would have been predicted for either drug alone.
Hemangioblastomas of the Sellar and Suprasellar Region

Hemangioblastoma of the pituitary and parasellar region is a rare diagnosis. Within the central nervous system, they are typically confined to the cerebellum and spinal cord.
Agencies Discover the Liberal Workplace Constitution

The NLRB: “... a little FEPC”? Clarence Mitchell In 1941, George Benjamin became the first African American vice president of the Tobacco Workers International Union, an American Federation of Labor affiliate. For decades the Tobacco Workers had mostly ignored black workers. In 1930, only 100 of its 3,000 members nationwide were black. By the early 1940s, however, the union was scrambling to improve those numbers. The National Labor Relations Board had initially let unions define the group of workers they wanted to represent. Recently, however, it had required that the “bargaining units” have an economic justification, not merely a racial one, ending the Tobacco Workers’ practice of targeting a plant’s white workers only. Meanwhile, rival Congress of Industrial Organizations unions had steadily organized black workers at tobacco processing plants around Richmond, Virginia, getting a head start on winning their allegiance. Benjamin was a skilled and tested organizer, adept at operating within the constraints of Jim Crow. The Tobacco Workers’ new president wanted Benjamin to help the union organize “at least 90% of the colored workers” in Richmond. Unfortunately, it was “still in the minds of some of the people that our international don’t want the Negro,” Benjamin warned. Richmond’s Larus & Brother tobacco plant became the testing ground for the Tobacco Workers’ new strategy. Instead of the racial exclusion so common among the railway brotherhoods, the Tobacco Workers organized African Americans into segregated locals. “I am not telling you that [Tobacco Workers] Local 219 will not bargain for you,” Benjamin informed Larus & Brother’s African American workers. “But ... my experience in the labor movement [is] that it would be better ... to be in a local union to [your]selves.” With the CIO promising them an interracial union, Larus & Brother’s black workers had to weigh the merits of segregated versus interracial membership.
Two-Photon Excitation for Bone Imaging: A New Application for Lanthanide Luminescence

In this issue of Chem , Gunnlaugsson and colleagues show that using a luminescent Eu III cyclen complex with a sensitizer capable of two-photon excitation leads to unprecedented in-depth high-resolution imaging of microcracks in bone at a 750 nm excitation wavelength.
Reflections on Chinese governance

AbstractA modern political system consists of three sets of institutions: a modern, impersonal state, rule of law, and mechanisms for democratic accountability. China developed the modern state more than two millennia ago, but has yet to achieve a real rule of law limiting state power, and has no democratic accountability. Current Chinese government under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party replicates many features of dynastic rule, including top-down organization and upward, rather than downward, accountability. The system is unbalanced, with insufficient constraints on executive power, risking emergence of the ‘bad Emperor’ problem. The current anti-corruption campaign is unsustainable in the absence of a true rule of law. Transition to a more fully modern political system should sequence rule of law before democratic accountability, placing real constitutional limits on state power and only gradually opening up the system to greater political pluralism.
Health Care Professionals' Knowledge of Occupational Therapy

Date Presented 4/7/2016The purpose of this study was to examine medical professionals’ understanding of occupational therapy. The results demonstrate that health care professionals may not fully understand the specific interventions that occupational therapists can provide.Primary Author and Speaker
Olivine-melt relationships and syneruptive redox variations in the 1959 eruption of Kīlauea Volcano as revealed by XANES

The 1959 summit eruption of Kīlauea Volcano exhibited high lava fountains of gas-rich, primitive magma, containing olivine + chromian spinel in highly vesicular brown glass. Microprobe analysis of these samples shows that euhedral rims on olivine phenocrysts, in direct contact with glass, vary significantly in forsterite (Fo) content, at constant major-element melt composition, as do unzoned groundmass olivine crystals. Ferric/total iron (Fe^(+3)/Fe^T)ratios for matrix and interstitial glasses, plus olivine-hosted glass inclusions in eight 1959 scoria samples have been determined by micro X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (μ-XANES). These data show that much of the variation in Fo content reflects variation in oxidation state of iron in the melt, which varies with sulfur concentration in the glass and (locally) with proximity to scoria edges in contact with air. Data for 24 olivine-melt pairs in the better-equilibrated samples from later in the eruption show K_D averaging 0.280 ± 0.03 for the exchange of Fe and Mg between olivine and melt, somewhat displaced from the value of 0.30 ± 0.03 given by Roeder and Emslie (1970). This may reflect the low SiO_2 content of the 1959 magmas, which is lower than that in most Kīlauea tholeiites. More broadly, we show the potential of μ-XANES and electron microprobe to revisit and refine the value of K_D in natural systems. The observed variations of Fe^(+3)/Fe^T ratios in the glasses reflect two distinct processes. The main process, sulfur degassing, produces steady decrease of the Fe^(+3)/Fe^T ratio. Melt inclusions in olivine are high in sulfur (1060–1500 ppm S), with Fe^(+3)/Fe^T = 0.160–0.175. Matrix glasses are degassed (mostly S < 200 ppm) with generally lower Fe^(+3)/Fe^T (0.114–0.135). Interstitial glasses within clumps of olivine crystals locally show intermediate levels of sulfur and Fe^(+3)/Fe^T ratio. The correlation suggests that (1) the 1959 magma was significantly reduced by sulfur degassing during the eruption and (2) the melts originally had Fe^(+3)/Fe^T ≥ 0.175, consistent with oxygen fugacity (fO_2) at least 0.4 log units above the fayalite-magnetite-quartz (FMQ) buffer at 1 atm and magmatic temperature of 1200 °C. The second process is interaction between the melts and atmospheric oxygen, which results in higher Fe^(+3)/Fe^T ratios. Detailed μ-XANES traverses show gradients in Fe^(+3)/Fe^T of 0.145 to 0.628 over distances of 100–150 μm in thin, visibly reddened matrix glass bordering some scoriae, presumably caused by contact with air. This process was extremely rapid, giving insight into how fast the Fe^(+3)/Fe_T ratio can change in response to changes in external conditions.
Maternal serum screening for fetal down syndrome in women less than 35 years of age using alpha-fetoprotein, hCG, and unconjugated estriol: A prospective 2-year study

Objective To evaluate prospectively maternal serum screening with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), hCG, and unconjugated estriol (uE3) as a screen for fetal Down syndrome. Methods Women less than 35 years of age were offered screening between 15-20 weeks' gestation. Screening results calculated by an algorithm to be equal to or greater than 1:274 (the risk of a 35-year-old for fetal Down syndrome at the second trimester) were considered positive. If gestational age was confirmed by ultrasonography, genetic counseling and amniocentesis were offered. Results In the first 2 years of our program, 9530 women were screened, of which 686 (7.2%) were found to be screen-positive. Ultrasonographic examination explained the abnormal values in 379 (4.0%). The remaining 307 (3.2%) received genetic counseling and 214 (2.2%) elected amniocentesis or CVS. Four cases of fetal Down syndrome and one de novo chromosomal marker were detected. In three additional cases of fetal Down syndrome, triple-analyte screening failed to identify the pregnancies to be at increased risk. None of the seven cases of fetal Down syndrome would have been detected through screening with maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) and age alone. Conclusions Measurement of MSAFP, hCG, and uE3 in women less than 35 years old is an effective screening test for fetal Down syndrome, with a sensitivity of 57% in our study and an amniocentesis rate (false-positive rate) of 3.2%.
The Pedagogical And Institutional Impact Of Disruptive Innovations In Distance Business Education

The use of distance learning methods by universities has experienced significant growth over the past two decades. While this growth has been witnessed nearly equally across the various academic disciplines, it represents unique opportunities in business education. In this article we will profile how technological innovations in distance learning have historically caused disruptive changes in business education. The article then profiles three specific distance learning technologies that are emerging as revolutionary forces in changing business education. The impact of these technologies will be examined from both a pedagogical perspective and an institutional perspective. The influence of these educational technologies in addressing the unique needs of business students will also be discussed.
"Dopamine, Serotonin, and Oxytocin - Three Neurotransmitters for Sustainable Employee Engagement"

Dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin are three important neurotransmitters that contribute to employee engagement. In anticipation of a reward, dopamine creates a short-term feeling of excitement, ant...
Urinary NT-proBNP levels and echocardiographic parameters for patent ductus arteriosus.

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is common in preterm infants and is associated with significant morbidities. B type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is synthesized in the ventricles secondary to volume overload and excreted as urinary N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). We report an observational prospective study of 64 preterm infants with birth weight ⩽1000 g. Echocardiographic parameters were obtained from clinical echocardiograms performed in the first week of life. Urinary NT-proBNP/creatinine ratios (pg mg−1) were measured on the same day of the echocardiograms. Infants with medium to large PDA (n=39) had significantly higher NT-proBNP/creatinine levels compared with infants with small PDA (n=10) (median (IQ range): 2333 (792–6166) vs 714 (271–1632) pg mg−1, P=0.01) and compared with infants with no PDA (n=15) (2333 (792–6166) vs 390 (134–1085) pg mg−1, P=0.0003). Urinary NT-proBNP/creatinine ratios were significantly lower post treatment if PDA closed (n=17), P=0.001 or if PDA became smaller after treatment (n=9), P=0.004. Urinary NT-proBNP/creatinine levels correlated with ductal diameter (P⩽0.0001), but not with LA/Ao ratio (P=0.69) or blood flow velocity through the ductus (P=0.06). Our findings indicate that there is a positive correlation between ductal diameter and urinary NT-proBNP in preterm infants.
P-XRF compositional analysis of obsidian from O Block Cave, New Mexico

Abstract In 1952 Paul Sidney Martin and John Beach Rinaldo conducted excavations in O Block Cave located in west-central New Mexico. For the last 65 years, the collections from that expedition have been housed at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago. The focus of this study is to examine the obsidian artifacts collected during the O Block Cave investigation with a Niton Goldd+ portable x-ray fluorescence (p-XRF) device and determine geological origins. We contextualize the compositional results and the changes in obsidian exploitation patterns in the context of shifting regional social practices during the cave's 1100 years of intermittent use and occupation. These findings illustrate the utility and new insights gained when materials from extant museum collections are re-examined using new technologies.
Pre-operative chemotherapy (ctx) in plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (PUC).

522Background: PUC is characterized by E-cadherin loss, diffuse growth pattern and aggressive natural history. Management of this entity is controversial. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the impact of PUC histology on clinical outcomes with ctx compared to UC-NOS. Methods: Consecutive cases of nonmetastatic PUC were identified as either (1) localized disease (LD: cT2-3 cN0) or (2) locally-advanced (LA: fixed bladder or radiographic nodal disease). All cases were reviewed by a GU pathologist to confirm PUC histology per WHO classification (2016). A separate cohort of neoadjuvant(NAC)-treated UC-NOS (Tully et al, ASCO GU 2014) served as comparator for clinical outcomes. Kaplan-Meier estimates and logrank test were used for analysis of recurrence free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) defined from date of cystectomy (RC). Results: Between 2000 and 2017, eighty one PUC were identified, with median age of 65 years (range: 22 - 84) and 65% male. Thirty patients (pts) had up-front RC; 51 pts had ctx. In ...
Take CHARGE! A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Social Problem-Solving Curriculum to Support Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders:

Using a pre–post randomized controlled trial, the purpose of this study was to determine whether a social problem-solving curriculum, Take CHARGE!, based on a cognitive-behavioral approach, could i...
Engaging Holism: Exploring Multispecies Approaches in Ethnoprimatology

Studying the human–alloprimate interface requires researchers to simultaneously examine multiple axes in the lives of organisms across zones of interaction. Such a multiscalar interface creates challenges for ethnoprimatological researchers who must situate their work within ecological, social, or anthropological paradigms. We argue that more explicit incorporation of multispecies ethnography and attention to the distinct practices of Japanese primatology help to realize and promote the potential of ethnoprimatology among a broader peer group of primatologists. Despite the utility of multispecies ethnography, the challenge is not in making multispecies theory applicable to our studies; it is in operationalizing it and making it more accessible by reframing how we view human–alloprimate entanglements. Current examinations of human–alloprimate inter-actions are limited in their ability to bring to bear the relational histories and futures of organisms in shared landscapes. Inter-actions draw attention to momentary encounters rather than to the extended entanglements and holistic properties that emerge from intra-actions within a multispecies assemblage. Using primate hunting in the Central African Republic as a locus of intra-action, we advocate for the expanded promise and future of an ethnoprimatology that can better address human–alloprimate entanglements, improve conservation efforts, and further anthropology’s growing attention to more than human worlds. This is a future that draws heavily from the complexity of the ethnographic moment to more broadly examine the nuanced, intersubjective relationships among those present at the human–alloprimate interface.
Vancomycin-Loaded Polymethylmethacrylate Spacers Fail to Eradicate Periprosthetic Joint Infection in a Clinically Representative Mouse Model.

BACKGROUND Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a devastating complication following total joint arthroplasty. Current animal models of PJI do not effectively recreate the clinical condition and thus provide limited help in understanding why treatments fail. We developed a mouse model of the first-stage surgery of a 2-stage revision for PJI involving a 3-dimensionally printed Ti-6Al-4V implant and a mouse-sized cement spacer that elutes vancomycin. METHODS Vancomycin was mixed with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement and inserted into custom-made mouse-sized spacer molds. Twenty C57BL/6 mice received a proximal tibial implant and an intra-articular injection of 3 × 10 colony-forming units of Staphylococcus aureus Xen36. At 2 weeks, 9 mice underwent irrigation and debridement of the leg with revision of the implant to an articulating vancomycin-loaded PMMA spacer. Postoperatively, mice underwent radiography and serum inflammatory-marker measurements. Following euthanasia of the mice at 6 weeks, bone and soft tissues were homogenized to quantify bacteria within periprosthetic tissues. Implants and articulating spacers were either sonicated to quantify adherent bacteria or examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to characterize the biofilm. RESULTS Vancomycin-loaded PMMA spacers eluted vancomycin for ≤144 hours and retained antimicrobial activity. Control mice had elevated levels of inflammatory markers, radiographic evidence of septic loosening of the implant, and osseous destruction. Mice treated with a vancomycin-loaded PMMA spacer had significantly lower levels of inflammatory markers (p < 0.01), preserved tibial bone, and no intra-articular purulence. Retrieved vancomycin-loaded spacers exhibited significantly lower bacterial counts compared with implants (p < 0.001). However, bacterial counts in periprosthetic tissue did not significantly differ between the groups. SEM identified S. aureus encased within biofilm on control implants, while vancomycin-loaded spacers contained no bacteria. CONCLUSIONS This animal model is a clinically representative model of PJI treatment. The results suggest that the antimicrobial effects of PMMA spacers are tightly confined to the articular space and must be utilized in conjunction with thorough tissue debridement and systemic antibiotics. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These data provide what we believe to be the first insight into the effect of antibiotic-loaded cement spacers in a clinically relevant animal model and justify the adjunctive use of intravenous antibiotics when performing a 2-stage revision for PJI.
Fallout from the War on Terror – Part I

Washington's war on terror may be quietly taking a toll on unsuspecting quarters – its universities. To understand the effects of anti-terror policies on the US academic sector, it helps to spend time on university campuses in Australia, Singapore, the United Kingdom, or other countries. From Melbourne to Edinburgh, those institutions are now filled with foreign students, many of whom would have come to the US, had they not been deterred by restrictive visa policies.
Developmental Disorders: Colobomas of the Retina and Choroid

Colobomas of the retina and choroid (0.14% incidence) represent a developmental abnormality usually involving the closure of the fetal fissure during embryonic development. Colobmas can involve the optic nervehead, retina, choroid, ciliary body, lens, and iris tissue. The mechanism of coloboma formation is still not well understood, but has been associated, in some cases, with chromosomal defects such as trisomy 13 and trisomy 18, as well as with use of toxic drugs such as thalidomide.
Changes in and predictors of driving after drug use and involvement in traffic crashes because of drugs, 1992–2005

This paper explores whether the proportions of U.S. adults who report driving after drug use and independent predictors of being in motor vehicle crashes under the influence of drugs have changed since 1991–1992. The National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey (NLAES) and National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) involved face-to-face interviews with, respectively, 42 862 and 43 092 adults ages 18 and older in 1991–1992 and 2001–2002.
Widening for Control-Flow

We present a parameterized widening operator that determines the control-flow sensitivity of an analysis, i.e., its flow-sensitivity, context-sensitivity, and path-sensitivity. By instantiating the operator's parameter in different ways, the analysis can be tuned to arbitrary sensitivities without changing the abstract semantics of the analysis itself. Similarly, the analysis can be implemented so that its sensitivity can be tuned without changing the analysis implementation. Thus, the sensitivity is an independent concern, allowing the analysis designer to design and implement the analysis without worrying about its sensitivity and then easily experiment with different sensitivities after the fact. Additionally, we show that the space of control-flow sensitivities induced by this widening operator forms a lattice. The lattice meet and join operators are the product and sum of sensitivities, respectively. They can be used to automatically create new sensitivities from existing ones without manual effort. The sum operation in particular is a novel construction, which creates a new sensitivity less precise than either of its operands but containing elements of both.
Roughness effects of diatomaceous slime fouling on turbulent boundary layer hydrodynamics.

Biofilm fouling significantly impacts ship performance. Here, the impact of biofilm on boundary layer structure at a ship-relevant, low Reynolds number was investigated. Boundary layer measurements...
L(R) with determinacy satisfies the Suslin hypothesis

Abstract The Suslin hypothesis states that there are no nonseparable complete dense linear orderings without endpoints which have the countable chain condition. ZF + A D + + V = L ( P ( R ) ) proves the Suslin hypothesis. In particular, if L ( R ) ⊨ AD , then L ( R ) satisfies the Suslin hypothesis, which answers a question of Foreman.
In Vivo Efficacy of WCK 5222 (Cefepime-Zidebactam) against Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Neutropenic Murine Thigh Infection Model.

We describe the in vivo efficacy of human-simulated WCK 5222 (cefepime-zidebactam) exposure against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (meropenem MICs 8 to >256 μg/ml) in a neutropenic murine thigh infection model. WCK 5222 MICs ranged from 4 to 32 μg/ml. Substantial in vivo WCK 5222 activity was observed against all isolates, further enhancing the efficacy of zidebactam alone in 11/16 isolates (WCK 5222 mean reduction, -1.62 ± 0.58 log10 CFU/thigh), and a lack of activity was observed with cefepime monotherapy.
How Einstein Created Relativity out of Physics and Astronomy

Part I: Genesis: Riding a Beam of Light.- Part II: Special Relativity.- Part III: General Relativity.- Part IV: Cosmology.- Part V: Exodus: Quest for a Unified Field Theory.
Improving UAVSAR Results with GPS, Radiometry, and QUAKES Topographic Imager

UAVSAR is NASA's airborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) platform. The instrument has been used to detect deformation from earthquakes, volcanoes, oil pumping, landslides, water withdrawal, landfill compaction, and glaciers. It has been used to detect scars from wildfires and damage from debris flows. The instrument performs well for large changes or for local small changes. Determining subtle changes over large areas requires improved instrumentation and processing. We are working to improve the utility of UAVSAR by including GPS station position results in the processing chain, and adding a topographic imager to improve estimates of topography, 3D change, and damage. We are also exploring the benefit of microwave radiometry to mitigating error from water vapor path delay. A goal is to determine 3D tectonic deformation to millimeters per year at ~100 km plate boundary scales and to understand surface processes in areas of decorrelated radar imagery.
Clinical and Procedural Effects of Transitioning to Contact Force Guided Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation.

Background A major innovation in atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation has been the introduction of contact force (CF) sensing catheters. Objective To evaluate procedural and clinical effects of transitioning to CF-guided AF ablation. Methods Consecutive AF ablation patients were studiedduring the period of time of transitioning from a non-CF to CF sensing catheter. Procedural data recorded was total radiofrequency time, time to isolate the left pulmonary veins (LPVs), and time to isolate the right pulmonary veins (RPVs). Clinically, the 3 and 12-month maintenance of sinus rhythm was noted and compared by: paroxysmal vs. persistent AF; CT scan LA volume more or less than 150 cc; CHA2DS2VASC more or less than 2; and LVEF more or less than 55%. Safety data was recorded as well. Results Total ablation times were shorter (113 vs.146 min, p=0.011)when using the CF catheters compared to non-CF ablations. This was driven by a decrease in both LPV (46 vs.72 min, p<0.001) and RPV time (54 vs. 75 min, p=0.002).The use of CF catheter did not change the overall percentage of patients in sinus rhythm at 3 and 12-months of follow up. However, sinus rhythm was more frequent at 12 months with CF ablation inpatients with an LA volume of more than 150 cc when compared to non-CF ablation (84.6% and 52.4%, p=0.03). There was no difference in outcomes with stratification by CHA2DS2VASC score or LVEF. No significant difference in complications was noted. Conclusions For AF ablation, the initial use of CF-sensing technology reduced procedure times with similar overall sinus rhythm maintenance at 3 and 12 months. CF improved 12-month outcomes in patients with an enlarged LA.
Construct Validity of the Early Clinical Assessment of Balance in Toddlers with Cerebral Palsy: Brief Report

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to investigate differences in Early Clinical Assessment of Balance (ECAB) scores within children with cerebral palsy (CP) with different Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels and between children with CP and typical development (TD) who are under three years of age.Methods: The ECAB was administered to fifty children (13 with TD, 16 with GMFCS level II, 11 with GMFCS level III, 10 with GMFCS level III).Results: The group of children of TD had significantly higher scores than all groups of children with CP. There were significant differences in ECAB within the groups of children with CP with different GMFCS levels.Conclusion: The results of this study support the construct validity of the ECAB as a measure of postural control in children under three years of age with CP.
HRQoL in Barth Syndrome: Agreement between Child Self-reports and Parent Proxy-reports and Its Relationship to Parental HRQoL.

Purpose Barth syndrome is an X-linked rare disorder that typically affects only males. This study investigates 1) agreement between child self-reports and parent proxy-reports of HRQoL in boys with Barth syndrome and 2) relationship between parental HRQoL and parent proxy-reports of HRQoL for the child. Materials and methods Twenty-eight boys with Barth syndrome and their parents participated in this study. The PedsQL™ 4.0 and the PedsQL™ Family Impact Module were used to measure HRQoL of the boys, and the parents' HRQoL, respectively. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient was used to test agreement between the child self-reports and parent proxy-reports of HRQoL. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to test the relationship between parental HRQoL and parent proxy-reports of HRQoL for the child. Results The agreement between the child self-reports and the parent proxy-reports showed moderate-to-good agreement. Higher parental HRQoL was significantly related to higher ratings of the parents on their children's HRQoL (p < .05). Conclusions This study broadens understanding of HRQoL of boys with Barth syndrome using both child self-reports and parent proxy-reports. The findings indicate that the parent proxy-report of HRQoL should be used in conjunction with the child self-report when making client-centered health decisions.
Partisan Gerrymandering, Clustering, or Both? A New Approach to a Persistent Question

It has long been noted that electing members of the U.S. House of Representatives in single-member, mutually exclusive districts often leads to discrepancies between the partisanship of the elector...
Integrative East–West Medicine Intervention for Chronic Daily Headache: A Case Report and Care Perspective:

Chronic daily headache is a group of headache syndromes including most commonly chronic migraine and chronic tension-type headache, which often overlap, are complicated by medication overuse and are disabling, costly, and variable responsive to western pharmacotherapeutic interventions. There is growing research and awareness of integrative health approaches and therapies to address patients with chronic headache, yet limited examples of how to deliver this approach. This article reviews a commonly seen challenging case of a patient with overlapping chronic migraine and chronic tension-type headache complicated by medication overuse managed with an integrative east-west medicine intervention. This included person-centered biopsychosocial history taking, traditional Chinese medicine informed acupuncture, trigger point injections, and contributing factors modifications. A narrative review of the literature is presented to demonstrate an evidence-informed rationale for incorporating nonpharmacologic approaches to effectively help reduce the symptom burden of this patient population.
eBP: FREQUENT AND COMFORTABLE BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING FROM INSIDE HUMAN'S EARS

Diagnosing hypertension or hemodialysis requires patients to carry a blood pressure (BP) monitoring device for 24 hours. Th erefore, wearing the wrist/arm-based BP monitoring device, in this case, has a signifi cant impact on users' daily activities. To address the problem, we developed eBP, an ear-worn device that measures blood pressure from inside the ear. Th rough the evaluation of 35 subjects, eBP can achieve the average error of 1.8 mmHg for systolic BP and -3.1 mmHg for diastolic BP with the standard deviation error of 7.2 mmHg and 7.9 mmHg, respectively.
Judicial Policy and Quantitative Research: Indiana's Statute of Limitations for Medical Practitioners

This article contributes to the current debate over Indiana's malpractice statute of limitations, now on appeal to the state's highest court. This statute, most recently reformed during the mid 1970s "crisis" in liability coverage, is unusually stringent in seeking to bar late-discovered injuries. We blend a literature search and legal reasoning with new empirical analysis of pre-reform claims. The data suggest that such stringency probably does bar a significant number of potential claimants, disproportionately those with severe injuries, although available information does not permit precise conclusions. However, not all late-discovered injuries are equally likely to require "stale" evidence and hence risk unjust results. Factual claims (e.g., foreign body retained after surgery) are less troublesome than cases that crucially rely on accurate recollection of contemporary medical expertise (e.g., "failure to diagnose" cases). Finally, we argue that judicial record keeping should be improved, to maintain more detailed data on lawsuits, so as to inform future decisions involving the effect of legal rules on litigants and courts.
Effects of WBG Devices in Medium-voltage Inverters on Induction Machine Stator Insulation

Wide bandgap (WBG) power semiconductor devices, such as SiC and GaN, have broadened the applications of motor drives in medium- and high-voltage regimes by pushing the limits of voltage, frequency, and power. These advantages of WBG inverters are being leveraged in aircraft and ship industries as they move towards next generation more- and all-electric designs. While the superiority of WBG technology in terms of faster switching, greater voltage breakdown strength, and short recovery time are known, its effect on the motor drive insulation is relatively unknown. This paper focuses on high-voltage high-frequency WBG inverters and analyses their effect on medium-voltage machine insulation. Specifically, analysis of dielectric stress and leakage current density is carried out on a 3-phase medium voltage motor's stator ground-wall insulation excited by a 2 level hex-bridge WBG inverter and a 3 level multilevel inverter in Ansys Maxwell and the results are presented.
Understanding and supporting human information seeking

What would constitute “intelligent” information retrieval is a question which has had a variety of answers over the twenty or so years that the concept has been extant. This paper reviews some of the approaches to intelligent information retrieval that have been suggested. Most of these suggestions have shared the assumption that the “intelligence” resides solely in the built system. More recent work in information retrieval has begun to concentrate on the interaction between the user and the other components of the system, and this work leads to an alternative assumption: that the user is an integral part of the information retrieval system, and that intelligence in the system resides in appropriate distribution of tasks between the user and the built system. We review some of this newer work, and propose an approach to the design of information retrieval systems starting from this new assumption. The approach is based upon three principles: that information retrieval is a process in support of the user’s more general domain and task environment; that people engage in a variety of information seeking strategies, all of which should be supported by the information retrieval system; and, that information retrieval is an inherently interactive process among user, knowledge resources, and intermediary mechanisms. These principles lead to prescriptions for domain, work and task analysis, for study of information seeking strategies and their relationships to underlying tasks, and for system design to support cooperative interaction among the participants.
Multicultural Education Policy in South Korea: Current Struggles and Hopeful Vision

AbstractThe global immigration of people has increased the call by governments for multicultural education. Across the globe, in country after country, multicultural education have come to represent the theory and practice to teach majority and minority citizens and immigrants and to explore issues of policy and practice as it relates to: ethnicity, religion, gender, immigration, language and race. This article is concerned with the approach to multicultural education that the South Korean government has employed to meet the needs of its people and those of immigrants and South Korean citizens. Using framework of “politics of difference” and five different approaches of multicultural education discussed by Grant and Sleeter, the article examines how South Korea’s multicultural education policy treats new comers as ”different.” This article argues the significance of movement from a discourse about cultural difference to multicultural social justice education that challenge oppression and structural inequa...
Challenges for Social Sciences: Institutions and Economic Development

Why some countries are much poorer than others is one of the oldest questions in social science. It will also be one of the most challenging and important questions in the next several decades. This is for several reasons. First, despite spectacular growth in per capita incomes in much of the world during the 20th century, the gaps between rich and poor countries, rather than abating, have expanded. This pattern is challenging to most of our theories because many of the barriers to the spread of prosperity have disappeared: ideas travel around the world almost instantaneously, and any nation should today be able to easily copy any economic or social practice that it wishes; various impediments to trade in goods and to financial flows and foreign direct investments have largely disappeared. But the wide gaps in incomes and living standards remain. Second, these gaps have meant that while the rich world has become richer, poverty, disease and social injustice are still widespread in many parts of the world, notably in much of sub-Saharan Africa, in parts of South Asia and in various pockets of poverty in the Caribbean and Central America.Challenging though these issues may be, we are now much better equipped to understand, and perhaps work towards redressing, the causes of these widespread disparities. Much of the progress on this issue has been made in economics (see Acemoglu, 2009, for an overview), but the next step will require us to combine the insights and tools developed in economics with perspectives from other social sciences.
Choice and Selection of Treatment Modalities for Cardiac Patients: An Interventional Cardiology Perspective

Cardiovascular disease represents a leading cause of death in the United States and is responsible for 17% of national healthcare expenditures.[1][1]–[2][2] The field of cardiology, especially interventional cardiology, has witnessed significant advancement with several innovations in the last
Blood Respiratory Properties and the Effect of Swimming on Blood Gas Transport in the Leopard Shark Triakis Semifasciata

Changes in vascular pressures, blood respiratory properties and blood gas transport induced by swimming were investigated in the leopard shark Triakis semifasciata (Girard). In resting sharks, the mean ventral and dorsal aortic pressures (systolic/diastolic) were 6.8/5.6 kPa and 4.5/3.9 kPa, respectively, and only the former were increased significantly during swimming. Swimming also caused a significant decline in venous Po2 (1.6 to 0.9kPa), O2 content (0.9 to 0.4mmoill−1) and percentage O2 saturation {SO2, 39 to 18%) but the arterial variables were not affected. A significant decline in venous pH and an increase in venous Po2 also occurred during swimming but lactate concentration did not increase during or after swimming. An in vivo dissociation curve compiled from blood Po2 and So2 data for sharks in the resting, swimming and post-swimming recovery phases shows a mean P50 of 2.04 kPa, as determined by Hill transformation. The pH-bicarbonate plot for this fish shows a weak blood buffer capacity of 9.3mmoll−11pHunit−1 and during swimming the average blood pH and bicarbonateconcentration follow the buffer line which was not compensated in recovery. Neither oxygenated nor deoxygenated blood pH values were affected by CO2 equilibration, suggesting the absence of a Haldane effect. Thus, at the expense of respiratory acidosis, Triakis can aerobically sustain long (up to 60min) and moderately intense (0.45 Ls−1, where L is body length) periods of swimming by increasing cardiac output and tapping its venous reserve. Introduction Most vertebrate circulatory
Pengaruh Terpaan Kampanye Sosial dan Role Model Pendidikan

IKIP PGRI Semarang dipercaya oleh Dirjen DIKTI sebagai contoh perguruan tinggi yang menerapkan pendidikan karakter. Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui pengaruh terpaan kampanye sosial dan role model pendidikan karakter terhadap perilaku akademik mahasiswa-mahasisswi IKIP PGRI Semarang angkatan 2012. Metode penelitian adalah kuantittaif secara eksplanatif dengan menggunakan paradigma positivistik. Banyaknya sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 339 yang terbagi secara proporsional dari 10 program studi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh yang ditimbulkan oleh terpaan kampanye sosial dan role model pendidikan karakter terhadap perilaku akademik mahasiswa-mahasiswi IKIP PGRI Semarang angkatan 2012 adalah 53,5%. Artinya masih ada 46,5% variabel lain yang mempengaruhi perilaku mahasiswa-mahasiswi IKIP PGRI Semarang angkatan 2012.