cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Distinction between Sex and Compatibility in Ceratocystis ulmi, as Shown by Unisexual Male Cultures

Of 10 isolates of Ceratocystis ulmi collected in September, 1970, from eight trees of Ulmus X hollandica cl. 'Belgica' and two trees of U. X hollandica cl. 'Commelin,' seven were of compatibility type B and three, type A. Peeled, split, autoclaved elm twigs, dipped for 10 sec into a 3-da-old liquid shake-culture (Tchernoff medium) of a B isolate and, 3 da later, into a similar culture of an A, were compared in December, 1970, with similar twigs dipped first into A and 3 da later into B. Abundant, fertile perithecia formed in all but seven of the 42 possible combinations: an A isolate from Doorwerth, Netherlands, formed perithecia with each of the seven B isolates only if it was the second inoculum. It thus acted as a male: able to serve as effector but not as receptor. These tests were made with 3-mo-old isolates. Reisolation from the same branch of the original tree in April, 1971, again yielded type A, but hermaphroditic rather than male. Passage of the male culture through elms yielded symptoms typical of Dutch elm disease but did not change its unisexual nature. Of two aggressive cultures received from England (both compatibility type B), one reacted as hermaphrodite and the other as male in more limited tests.
Predictions of depth-to-ice on asteroids based on an asynchronous model of temperature, impact stirring, and ice loss

Abstract Water ice near the surface of main belt asteroids is gradually lost to space. A mantle of low thermal conductivity causes large surface temperature amplitudes, and thus increased cooling by thermal re-radiation, lowering temperatures well below the fast-rotator limit. A computational barrier for modeling this ice loss is the multi-scale character of the problem: accurate temperatures require many time steps within a solar day, but ice retreats slowly over billions of years. This barrier is overcome with asynchronous coupling: Models of temperature, ice loss, and impact stirring each use their own time steps and are coupled with one another. The model is applied to 1 Ceres and 7968 Elst-Pizarro. On Ceres, ice can be expected in the top half meter poleward of 60° latitude on both hemispheres, even if excursions of the axis tilt took place, and even in the presence of impact gardening. At the poles, ice can be expected within a centimeter of the surface. The retreating ice crust leads to emission of water from the surface, mainly at the equator; the gradually retreating ice supplies a water exosphere less dense than has been observed by the Herschel telescope. For Main Belt Comet Elst-Pizarro, depths to ice depend on the properties of the surface mantle. For a dust mantle estimated depths are on the order of a decimeter; for a rocky surface the depth at the pole is on the order of one meter. Hence, it could have been activated by a small impact that exposed buried ice.
Inhibition of trans-synaptically increased tyrosine hydroxylase activity by cycloheximide and actinomycin D.

Reserpine produces a neurally mediated increase in tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the adrenal medullae and sympathetic ganglia of the rat. This increase in enzyme activity can be prevented by the administration of actinomycin D or cycloheximide. These results suggest that the synthesis of tyrosine hydroxylase is regulated either by changes in the release or turnover of catecholamines, or by the direct effect of a neurotransmitter. Reserpine increases the incorporation of 3 H-leucine into hepatic and adrenal protein, and this incorporation is inhibited by a dose of cycloheximide that prevents the reserpine-initiated increase in tyrosine hydroxylase activity.
Hypnotic efficacy of zaleplon for daytime sleep in rested individuals.

Study Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to determine whether zaleplon (10 mg) effectively promoted sleep during the daytime in well-rested individuals when compared to placebo. A secondary objective was to see if, while not expected, the use of zaleplon impacted the performance of well-rested individuals upon awakening. Design: Repeated measures with 2 within-subject factors: drug (placebo/zaleplon) and trial (hourly testing during waking hours). Polysomnographic variables were recorded during a 3.5-hour nap following drug administration. Performance measures and subjective reports were collected during every waking trial of each session. Setting: The study was conducted at the Chronobiology and Sleep Laboratory located at Brooks Air Force Base. Participants: Twelve participants, 6 men and 6 women. Interventions: 10-mg zaleplon or placebo capsules, single afternoon dose. Drug administration was counterbalanced and double-blinded. Measurements and Results: Zaleplon allowed participants to obtain significantly more slow-wave sleep than under placebo. There was also a trend for participants under zaleplon to accomplish a greater amount of sleep than under placebo. Performance was not adversely impacted following a 3.5-hour daytime sleep under zaleplon, nor were any undesirable symptoms induced. Conclusions: Zaleplon improves sleep quality when used by rested individuals to accomplish daytime sleep.
Source mechanisms for Wilmington Oil Field, California, subsidence earthquakes

An unusual set of man-made “earthquakes” was generated in the Wilmington Oil Field, California, during the exploitation of this field. The Wilmington Oil Field was the classic example of an elliptically shaped subsidence bowl produced by the extensive withdrawal of the underlying oil. This surface subsidence produced horizontal shear stresses relieved several times by damaging sudden horizontal movements on very shallow slippage planes. Damaging shocks occurred in 1947, 1949, 1951, 1954, 1955, and 1961. These shocks produced seismograms, primarily composed of surface waves, which present an interesting opportunity to study seismic source mechanisms inasmuch as the focal depth, amount of slip, and source dimensions are known. Rayleigh-wave amplitude spectra for these events reveal seismic moments ranging from 5 × 1022 to 1.7 × 1023 dyne-cm, in good agreement with moments inferred from field observations. A key feature of the subsidence shocks is that very low rupture velocities (0.1 to 0.3 km/sec) were involved. The inferred stress drops indicate that the subsidence shocks must have involved a significant fraction of the available strain energy.
Measurable, malleable, and contributory: Toward a motivational framework for reducing risk of HIV/AIDS

ABSTRACTThis article models key motivational factors that contribute to youth effort and future intentions to resist risk behaviors for HIV/AIDS. Quantitative questionnaire data were collected from 6,816 youth ages 10–24, in high-risk communities in Kenya and Tanzania. Lisrel 9.1 analysis tested a best-fitting model for individual and environmental predictors of youth effort and intentions to resist HIV/AIDS risk. It yielded 12 statistically significant paths that explained 46–65% of variance in abstinence effort and self-efficacy, future intentions, and success expectations. It represents a relatively comprehensive motivational framework to date for predicting youth resistance to HIV/AIDS risk.
Identification of MIMO Continuous-Time Models Using Simultaneous Step Inputs

A new approach for identification of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) continuous-time transfer function models using simultaneous step input signals is proposed. MIMO processes exhibit directionality which implies that the output gains depend on the input magnitudes as well as the ratios of the inputs. Due to this directionality issue, MIMO models estimated by sequentially changing one input at a time often do not result in satisfactory tracking performance when used for model based control. In the proposed methodology all of the inputs are changed simultaneously to resemble controlled conditions. While the identification tests remain multi-input in its true sense, the parameter estimation steps involve estimation of the parameters of a single transfer function at a time. Moreover, the time delays are estimated in the same way as the coefficients in the model. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the robustness of the methodology and its applicability to processes with high input–output dimensio...
Characterization of the occult nature of injury for frequently occurring motor vehicle crash injuries

Abstract Background Occult injuries are not easily detected and can be potentially life-threatening. The purpose of this study was to quantify the perceived occultness of the most frequent motor vehicle crash injuries according to emergency medical services (EMS) professionals. Study design An electronic survey was distributed to 1,125 EMS professionals who were asked to quantify the likelihood that first responders would miss symptoms related to a particular injury on a 5-point Likert scale. The Occult Score for each injury was computed from the average of all the survey responses and normalized to be a continuous metric ranging from 0 to 1 where 0 is a non-occult (highly apparent on initial presentation) injury and 1 is an occult (unapparent on initial presentation) injury. Results Overall, 110,671 survey responses were collected. The Occult Score ranged from 0 to 1 with a mean, median, and standard deviation of 0.443, 0.450, and 0.233, respectively. When comparing the Occult Score of an injury to its corresponding AIS severity, there was no relationship between the metrics. When stratifying by body region, injury type, and AIS severity, it was evident that AIS 2–4 abdominal injuries with lacerations, hemorrhage, or contusions were perceived as the most occult injuries. Conclusions Timely triage is key to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with occult injuries. The Occult Score developed in this study to describe the predictability of an injury in a motor vehicle crash will be used as part of a larger effort, including incorporation into an advanced automatic crash notification (AACN) algorithm to detect crash conditions associated with a patient’s need for prompt treatment at a trauma center.
Classification of mitral insufficiency according to leaflet mobility

The classification selected here is mainly oriented towards the extent of leaflet mobility. Leaflet motion may be normal, excessive, or restrictive and this ought be determined before surgery, on the basis of transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) investigations [11]–[14] (Figs. 1, 2).
Acute on Chronic Pancreatitis as the Initial Manifestation of Extensive Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Acute on Chronic Pancreatitis as the Initial Manifestation of Extensive Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
An evaluation of health-related quality of life in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus using PROMIS and Neuro-QoL

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-organ chronic autoimmune disease that can negatively affect patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study evaluated HRQOL of SLE patients using questionnaires from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QoL). Individuals with SLE completed an online survey consisting of the PROMIS-29 health profile, PROMIS Psychosocial Illness Impact-Negative, and Neuro-QoL Applied Cognition. PROMIS and Neuro-QoL scores have a mean of 50 in the US general population. Patients self-rated SLE disease severity as negligible, mild, moderate, or severe. Of the 333 participants (mean age 45 years; 92% female; 26% Black; mean SLE disease duration 12 years, 56% with SLE disease severity as moderate or severe), mean HRQOL scores were worse than those of the general population by ≥0.5 SD with the greatest deficits observed in the domains of fatigue, applied cognition, psychosocial illness impact-negative, pain interference, and physical function. Greater SLE disease severity was associated with worse mean HRQOL scores (all p < 0.05). Pain severity was also associated with worse HRQOL scores on all domains (p < 0.05) except for satisfaction with social role. Test-retest reliability exceeded 0.70 for all PROMIS and Neuro-QoL scores. PROMIS-29 and Neuro-QoL are valid tools to assess HRQOL in patients with SLE. These patients reported substantial deficits that correlated with their SLE disease severity, with pain being an important independent contributor. These deficits should be monitored in SLE patients during their routine clinical care and evaluated when investigating new therapies.
Comparing Hispanic-To-White Co-Cultural Communication at Four-Year, Public Hispanic Serving and Predominately White Institutions

This study explores two relatively untapped areas of instructional communication scholarship: Hispanic students’ communicative behaviors and the influence of context in student-to-student communication. Specifically, we utilize Co-Cultural Theory (CCT) to explore what, if any, differences exist in Hispanic students’ reports of their co-cultural communication when interacting with White students based on their enrollment in either a 4-year, public Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) or 4-year, public Predominately White Institution (PWI). We found that Hispanic students’ communicative approaches did not differ based on their institutional context. However, Hispanic students in the PWI group scored higher on accommodation as their preferred outcome than their Hispanic HSI counterparts. We argue the findings highlight both theoretical and pedagogical implications for researchers and instructors.
ULTRASOUND TISSUE CHARACTERIZATION USING DIFFERENTIAL SPECTRAL ESTIMATES

Diagnostic ultrasound images are limited in their ability to detect subtle changes in disease processes and to differentiate between certain diffuse liver diseases. The slope of the acoustic attenuation coefficient with frequency, denoted by s, has been observed to vary with the condition of liver tissue. A signal processing approach is described which estimates the value of β for in vivo livers from reflected ultrasound signals. Preliminary clinical results indicate that fatty infiltrated livers produce s values that are correlated to the amount of fat present.
Reasoning the Need: Graduate Education and Basic Writing.

While college composition theory/pedagogy courses are standard offerings in composition and rhetoric graduate programs, specialized basic writing graduate courses lag behind. At the same time, there is a pressing need for highly qualified teachers of nontraditional adult students, especially in community college and adult literacy education programs. This need has recently been articulated in two official statements from the Two-Year College Association of NCTE. It is also being realized by the efforts of individual professors who have collectively offered at least nineteen such courses in recent years. A second argument for offering more BW graduate courses is the extensive BW scholarship revealed by such publications as The Bedford Guide for Teachers of Basic Writing, 2nd ed. (Adler-Kassner and Glau) and Teaching Developmental Writing: Background Readings, 3rd ed. (Bernstein). This essay argues that graduate programs should augment current commitments to preparing graduate students to teach, research, and administer programs for nontraditional adult students by regularly offering courses on basic writing theory, research, and pedagogy.
Defining Guerrilla Warfare

Over the course of history human societies have made use of both regular and irregular warfare. Under certain circumstances irregular combat developed into guerrilla warfare. By looking at historical instances of unconventional warfare, we can develop a concept of guerrilla tactics and guerrilla warfare that will enable us to analyze the true nature of Rafael Carrera’s approach to war during the insurrection of 1837. The study of historical models of guerrilla war will show the strategic limitations of such an approach to combat and will explain why Carrera’s hybrid approach offered an alternative for success.
Evaluation of the use of shock index in identifying acute blood loss in healthy blood donor dogs

Objective To determine if shock index (SI) would increase following blood donation and if it would be a more sensitive assessment of acute blood loss as compared with heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and plasma lactate. Design Prospective study. Setting University teaching hospital. Animals Twenty client-owned clinically normal dogs. Interventions Peripheral venous blood measurements and blood donation. Measurements and Main Results Data were collected at 3 time points: prior to donation (Tpre), immediately after donation (T0), and 10 minutes following completion of donation (T10). HR and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were recorded and used to calculate SI at time points Tpre, T0, and T10. Packed cell volume (PCV), total plasma protein (TPP), and plasma lactate were evaluated from a peripheral venous blood sample at Tpre and T10. The mean SI was significantly increased at both time points following blood donation as compared to baseline (SIpre = 0.88 ± 0.19 vs SI0 = 1.17 ± 0.21 vs SI10 = 1.12 ± 0.25 (P = 0.0002 and 0.0003, respectively). Following blood donation, the mean SBP was significantly lower (SBPpre = 149 ± 24 mm Hg, SBP0 = 118 ± 20 mm Hg; P = 0.0001, SBP10 = 133 ± 21 mm Hg; P = 0.011). The mean HR was not significantly different at T0 but was significantly increased at T10 (HRpre = 128 ± 21/min, HR0 = 136 ± 25/min, P = 0.193; HR10 = 146 ± 29/min, P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in mean PCV (PCVpre = 50 ± 4%, PCV10 = 48 ± 4%, P = 0.08). The mean TPP and plasma lactate were significantly different following donation but still within the reference interval (TPPpre = 6.8 ± 0.4 g/dL, TPP10 = 6.4 ± 0.4 g/dL, P = 0.0014; Lacpre = 1.7 ± 0.7mmol/L, Lac10 = 1.9 ± 0.8 mmol/L, P = 0.04). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis comparing area under the curve (AUC) for SI, HR, and SBP at T0 and T10 compared to Tpre found that SI (AUC at T0: 0.858, CI: 0.730, 0.984 AUC at T10: 0.769 CI: 0.617, 0.921) was a better indicator of blood loss than SBP at both T0 (AUC 0.165, CI: 0.0384, 0.292, P < 0.0001) and T10 (AUC 0.288, CI: 0.124, 0.451, P < 0.001) and better than HR at T0 (AUC 0.574, CI: 0.392, 0.756, P < 0.001). An SI cut-off of 1.064 was 80% specific and 85% sensitive at T0 for detecting blood loss. Conclusions An SI > 1.0 is a sensitive and specific tool for detecting acute small volume blood loss in healthy dogs.
Triple-pulse integrated path differential absorption lidar for carbon dioxide measurement — Novel lidar technologies and techniques with path to space

The societal benefits of understanding climate change through identification of global carbon dioxide sources and sinks led to the desired NASA's active sensing of carbon dioxide emissions over nights, days, and seasons (ASCENDS) space-based missions of global carbon dioxide measurements. For more than 15 years, NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) have developed several carbon dioxide active remote sensors using the differential absorption lidar (DIAL) technique operating at the two-micron wavelength. Currently, an airborne two-micron triple-pulse integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) lidar is under development. This IPDA lidar measures carbon dioxide as well as water vapor, the dominant interfering molecule on carbon dioxide remote sensing. Advancement of this triple-pulse IPDA lidar development is presented.
From the Sacred to the Holy in the World’s Religions: Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism

Mimetic theory’s fundamental elements of imitative desire, rivalry, and resolution through scapegoating have strong resonances in the religions of the world. Each tradition articulates in its own way the humans struggle to discern falsehood from truth, illusion from reality, and the sacred from the holy. What follows is by no means exhaustive; rather, brief examples offer a glimpse of insights that can come from viewing the world religions from the perspective of mimetic theory.
Young Adults' Ethical Reasoning Concerning Fast Fashion Retailers

The purpose of this research was to identify the ethical perspectives that young adult consumers are using to evaluate fast fashion retailers. A total of 111 U.S. undergraduates responded to an open-ended question about why they believed fast fashion retailers were behaving ethically or unethically. Participants' responses were content-analyzed to identify on which ethical perspectives they were basing their assessments of fast fashion retailers. More than half of the participants believed that fast fashion retailers were behaving ethically. U.S. young adults based their decisions on the fairness approach, shareholder perspective, and common good approach.
Microplastic Abundance and Composition in Western Lake Superior As Determined via Microscopy, Pyr-GC/MS, and FTIR.

While plastic pollution in marine and freshwater systems is an active area of research, there is not yet an in-depth understanding of the distributions, chemical compositions, and fates of plastics in aquatic environments. In this study, the magnitude, distribution, and common polymers of microplastic pollution in surface waters in western Lake Superior are determined. Analytical methodology, including estimates of ambient contamination during sample collection and processing, are described and employed. Microscopy, pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to quantify and identify microplastic particles. In surface waters, fibers were the most frequently observed morphology, and, based upon PyGC/MS analysis, polyvinyl chloride was the most frequently observed polymer, followed by polypropylene and polyethylene. The most common polymer identified by FTIR was polyethylene. Despite the low human population in Lake Superior’s wat...
From Robbins to Friedman and Beyond

In the early 1950s, Milton Friedman canonized neoclassical economics for his era of economists by accepting Robbins’ concept of scarcity as a core disciplinary concern and insisting that economists’ main concern was with “positive economics,” solely concerned with “what is,” not with what “ought to be” (the domain of “normative economics). He argued that economists’ empirical research must be guided by simplified models that need not, and could not, pass the test of descriptive reality. Indeed, he argued that no theory could be fully descriptive. Accordingly, “perfect rationality” and “perfect competition,” while lacking egregiously, in descriptiveness, were acceptable devices for analyses, especially if they eased analyses and if the predictions drawn from the models past repeated empirical tests. Neither Robbins nor Friedman made the economy within the human brain a central issue.
Energy dissipation during subglacial abrasion at Nisqually Glacier, Washington, U.S.A

This study examines the effect of subglacial abrasion on the basal sliding term of the gravitational energy balance of the dynamic, temperate Nisqually Glacier on Mount Rainier, Washington, U.S.A. Subglacial water flux is estimated as 3 × 107 m3 a–1 and suspended sediment flux as 3 × 107 kg a–1. Suspended-sediment flux is assumed to represent, within an order of magnitude, the annual mass eroded by subglacial abrasion. Subglacial abrasion involves both brittle fracture and plastic deformation. Field observations of bas-relief and grooved depression striations appear to have exact counterparts in rock mechanics experiments approximating subglacial velocities and normal stresses. Boulton's ([Cl974]) abrasion model and a new attritivity model proposed herein are shown to predict subglacial abrasion-rates within the limits of natural variability and the error range of measurements. The first crude gravitational energy balance for lower Nisqually Glacier (1.96 km2) is attempted and probably has only order-of-magnitude accuracy. The importance of subglacial abrasion in dissipating basal sliding energy at Nisqually Glacier is confirmed.
Vibrational imaging of metabolic dynamics in animals by DO-SRS (Conference Presentation)

Metabolic dynamics is essential to unraveling the mechanistic basis of many biological processes, and cannot be imaged in vivo by using traditional methods. Here we developed a new method that combines D2O probing and SRS (DO-SRS) to visualize metabolic dynamics in live animals. The enzymatic incorporation of D2O-derived deuterium (D) into biomolecules will generate carbon-deuterium (C-D) bonds in macromolecules. We developed spectral unmixing methods to obtain C-D signals with macromolecular selectivity, and applied DO-SRS to reveal metabolic dynamics in C. elegans, zebrafish, and mice, to study developmental biology, aging, and tissue homeostasis, and to visualize tumor boundaries and metabolic heterogeneity.
Chemotherapy Costs and 21-Gene Recurrence Score Genomic Testing Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Early-Stage Breast Cancer, 2005 to 2011.

Background This study examined whether associations between 21-gene recurrence score (RS) genomic testing and lower costs among patients with early-stage, estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer are observable in real-world data from the Medicare population. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using SEER-Medicare data for a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed from 2005 through 2011. The main outcomes were associations between RS testing and overall and chemotherapy-specific costs. The primary analysis was restricted to patients aged 66 to 75 years. Results The primary analysis comprised 30,058 patients. Mean costs 1 year after diagnosis were $35,940 [SD, $28,894] overall, $51,127 [33,386] for clinically high-risk disease, $33,225 [$27,711] for intermediate-risk disease, and $26,695 [$19,532] for low-risk disease. Chemotherapy-specific costs followed similar trends. In multivariable analyses, RS testing was associated with significantly lower costs among high-risk patients in terms of both relative costs (cost ratio, 0.88; 99% CI, 0.82-0.94) and absolute costs ($6,606; 99% CI, $39,223-$9,290). Higher costs among low-risk and intermediate-risk patients were mainly caused by higher noncancer costs. In sensitivity analyses that included all patients aged ≥66 years (N=64,996), associations between RS testing and costs among high-risk patients were similar but less pronounced because of lower overall use of chemotherapy. Conclusions RS testing was associated with lower overall and chemotherapy-related costs in patients with high-risk disease, consistent with lower chemotherapy use among these patients. Higher overall costs for patients with intermediate-risk and low-risk disease were driven largely by non-treatment-related costs.
The Design Theory of Contemporary “Chinese” Fashion

This paper examines the basic design theories underpinning contemporary Chinese fashion by exploring a fundamental question: are there any common features that can be summarized about Chinese fashi...
Towards Quality Higher Education: Barriers and Enablers

Quality higher education requires attention to character, context, and curriculum. A recently completed large-scale empirical study of ten diverse institutions of higher learning in the United States delineates barriers to such excellence. Two barriers are internal: increasing mental health problems and growing feelings of alienation among students. Two barriers are external: the high costs of higher education and heightened antipathy toward elite institutions and non-vocational tracts. The authors describe approaches and policies designed to alleviate these barriers.
Viscoplastic drop impact on thin films

We quantitatively test a dimensionless group (Blackwell et al., Phys. Fluids, vol. 27, 2015, 043101) for predicting the onset of splash behaviour for drop impacts of yield-stress fluids on horizontal surfaces pre-coated with the same fluid. Two classes of complex fluid are considered, with different chemistry and material microstructure: ‘gel’ suspensions of attractive hard colloidal clay particles (Laponite RD), and ‘glassy’ suspensions of crowded soft polymeric particles (Carbopol 940). High-speed imaging identifies drop impact regimes as a function of material composition, drop diameter, velocity and coating thickness. The high-dimensional parameter space collapses into the single dimensionless group, which we find successfully separates the impact results into distinct regimes. Moreover, it gives a constant critical value for the regime boundary as a function of dimensionless coating thickness, and remarkably this critical value is only a factor of 2 larger for Carbopol when compared to Laponite at several different concentrations. The results demonstrate insight that depends on macroscopic dynamic conditions and rheological properties largely independent of chemistry and material microstructure within the range of conditions studied.
Health-Related Quality of Life After Lobectomy for Lung Cancer: Conceptual Framework and Measurement

Background Lung cancer surgery has a significant impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). In prior studies of HRQOL after lung cancer surgery, researchers selected the HRQOL domains of interest. To increase the patient-centeredness of these studies, we conducted a qualitative study to ascertain which aspects of HRQOL are most relevant to them postoperatively and to identify Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System measures most germane to patients undergoing lobectomy for lung cancer. Methods We conducted in-depth semistructured interviews with 25 patients after lobectomy for lung cancer to solicit input regarding the physical, social, and emotional HRQOL domains relevant after surgery. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and a thematic content analysis to identify HRQOL themes was performed. Themes were integrated to create a conceptual framework to guide outcome measurement selection. Results Qualitative analysis indicated that within the physical health domain, patients were most concerned about general physical function (100% of participants), pain (96%), fatigue (96%), and dyspnea (76%). Neuropathic pain was reported by 28% of participants. Instrumental (100%) and emotional social support (88%) and positive emotions/relief/hope (96%) were also important. Two cross-cutting themes were the desire to maintain independence (32%) and preparing for surgery/expectations (92%). Conclusions Our results indicate that a number of physical, social, and emotional HRQOL domains are relevant after lobectomy for lung cancer. These domains are currently represented by Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System measures and can be readily assessed for clinical or research purposes.
Management of Post-Traumatic Orbital Zygomaticomaxillary Deformities and Secondary Reconstruction

Management of post-traumatic midface deformity is very challenging and requires careful planning prior to surgery. Assessment of the visual acuity, diplopia, and extraocular muscle is important prior to any secondary orbital reconstruction. The use of virtual surgical planning will help in surgical planning and the anticipation of difficulties before surgery. Bone grafts are mostly required in post-traumatic deformity cases. Understanding the sequence of the osteotomies and fixation techniques is important to achieve the best outcomes.
Self-Regenerating Hybrid Anion Exchange Process for Removing Radium, Barium, and Strontium from Marcellus-Produced Wastewater Using Only Acid Mine Drainage

The advent of horizontal hydraulic fracturing and its implementation for unconventional shale gas development in the Marcellus Shale region in the northeastern United States have created a uniquely...
Static and Dynamic Monte Carlo Simulations of Br Electrodeposition on Ag(100)

We study the static and dynamic properties of bromine electrosorption onto single-crystal silver (100) electrodes by Monte Carlo simulation. At room temperature the system displays a second-order phase transition between a low-coverage disordered phase at more negative electrode potentials and a c(2×2) ordered phase with bromine coverage 1/2 at more positive potentials. We explore the phase diagram and demonstrate that the broad shoulder observed in room-temperature cyclic voltammograms is due to local fluctuations resembling ordered phases with coverage 1/4 which exist in the model at much lower temperatures. We construct a dynamic Monte Carlo algorithm using a thermally activated stochastic barrier-hopping model for the microscopic dynamics. We use this algorithm to study the phase ordering and disordering processes following sudden potential steps between the disordered phase and the c(2×2) phase and to study the sweep-rate dependence in simulated cyclic-voltammetry experiments.
Living with (Manic) Depression as a Racialized Woman: Women’s Memoirs about Invisible Dis/abilities

In her memoir, Haldol and Hyacinths: A Bipolar Life (2013), Melody Moezzi describes herself during a manic episode as “Tigger on crack.” By mixing humor with social critique, Moezzi compares the discrimination she experiences as a Muslim woman of Iranian descent and as a woman living with bipolar disorder in the U.S. Gayathri Ramprasad’s Shadows in the Sun: Healing from Depression and Finding the Light Within (2014) offers insights into the author’s childhood marked by depression in India and her approaches to managing her mental illness that combine Hindu culture and Western medicine after migrating to the U.S. Both authors expose and criticize exclusionary practices that dehumanize and isolate people with invisible disabilities. This article investigates how women with mental health issues use memoir to discuss the negative ideological notions that patriarchal society has historically attached to disability, femininity, and non-whiteness. My comparative reading—informed by life-writing theory, feminist concepts, and critical race studies—offers an intersectional perspective on how society perpetuates the oppression of women of color with a mental disability based on their bodies, gender, race, ethnicity, nationality, and religion. The women whose memoirs I analyze are not interested in declaring their lives unique. Their aim is to emphasize how common mental disabilities are among women. My case studies push for social justice as they challenge autobiography’s supposed reliance on a stable sense of self to convey the ‘truth’ and connect discourse about disability with other layers of domination.
Gel composite electrolyte – an effective way to utilize ceramic fillers in lithium batteries

Achieving synergy between ion-conducting polymers and ceramics in a composite electrolyte has been proven to be difficult as the complicated ceramic/polymer interface presents challenges to understand and control. In this work, we report a strategy to utilize discrete ceramic fillers to form a gel composite electrolyte with enhanced transport properties for lithium metal batteries. The matrix of the composite membrane is crosslinked poly(ethylene oxide) with bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt (LiTFSI). The membrane is plasticized with tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME). The incorporation of doped-lithium aluminum titanium phosphate particles (LICGC™) into the membrane greatly improves the membrane's cycling characteristics against the lithium electrode, exhibiting lower interfacial impedance, lower overpotential and higher rate capability. The underpinnings of the superior performance of the gel composite electrolyte are discussed in depth. LICGC™ can immobilize the TFSI− anions in the polymer matrix and simultaneously promote Li+ transport by increasing the plasticizer to Li+ ratio. Further, the transport enhancement is achieved without sacrificing mechanical properties. The composite membrane shows significantly improved handleability and processability. This work sheds light on the design strategy for a safe electrolyte towards stable Li metal batteries.
A Case of Rapid Decline in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease.

This case demonstrates a rapid clinical decline in a patient with acute‐on‐chronic liver failure affecting the liver, kidneys, and brain. 1 Our patient presented with decompensated alcohol‐associated cirrhosis with accumulation of ascitic fluid and had a variceal bleed on presentation to the emergency department with superimposed ischemic hepatopathy in the setting of hypotension and rapid development of grade IV hepatic encephalopathy, which was unable to be reversed, with eventual development of multiorgan failure. This case highlights the importance of rapid recognition and response to complications of decompensated liver disease, including hepatic encephalopathy. Role of Ammonia According to the most recent American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases practice guidelines, a diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy requires an evaluation for precipitating factors, which are listed in Table ​Table22. 2 High blood ammonia alone does not add any diagnostic value; however, a normal ammonia level may suggest alternative causes of encephalopathy. 2 Extremely high ammonia level may be associated with cerebral edema even in patients with cirrhosis. 3 Brain imaging is typically indicated for first‐time hepatic encephalopathy given the high risk for intracerebral hemorrhage, estimated at nearly a 5‐fold increased risk for those diagnosed with alcohol‐associated liver disease and cirrhosis. 4 However, brain imaging may not always consistently detect early cerebral edema. New evidence also indicates a prognostic role in ammonia levels, with lack of improvement of ammonia levels within 5 days being associated with higher mortality and multiorgan failure. 5 TABLE 2 Precipitating Factors for Hepatic Encephalopathy
IL-2/IL-2R Antibody Complex Enhances Treg-Induced Neuroprotection by Dampening TNF-α Inflammation in an In Vitro Stroke Model

The present in vitro study showed that IL-2/IL-2R antibody complex facilitates Treg-induced neuroprotection in the oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model of stroke. First, we examined the role of IL-2/IL-2R-treated Tregs in OGD/R-exposed rat primary cortical cells (PCCs), which represent the cell type of the ischemic gray matter in the stroke brain. Here, OGD/R induced cell death, which was attenuated by Tregs and more robustly by IL-2/IL-2R-treated Tregs, but not by IL-2/IL-2R treatment alone. Second, we next assessed IL-2/IL-2R effects in OGD/R-exposed human oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), which correspond to the white matter injury after stroke. Results revealed that a similar pattern neuroprotection as seen in the gray matter, in that OGD/R triggered cell death, which was ameliorated by Tregs and more effectively by IL-2/IL-2R-treated Tregs, but IL-2/IL-2R treatment alone was not therapeutic. Third, as we begin to understand the mechanism underlying IL-2/IL-2R engagement of Tregs, we investigated the inflammatory response in OGD/R-exposed human neural progenitor cells (NPCs), which recapitulate both ischemic gray and white matter damage in stroke. Similar to PCCs and OPCs, OGD/R produced cell death and was blocked by Tregs and more efficiently by IL-2/IL-2R-treated Tregs, whereas IL-2/IL-2R treatment alone did not alter the ischemic insult. Moreover, the inflammatory marker, TNF-α, was upregulated after OGD/R, dampened by both Tregs and more efficiently by IL-2/IL-2R-treated Tregs but more pronounced in the latter, and not affected by IL-2/IL-2R treatment alone, suggesting IL-2/IL-2R-Treg-mediated modulation of inflammatory response in stroke. Altogether, these observations support the use of IL-2/IL-2R treatment in enhancing the anti-inflammatory effects of Tregs in stroke.
Coherence-induced entanglement

Several examples that show the relationship between atomic coherence and entanglement productions have been discussed in this paper. The first example shows how atomic coherence can lead to entanglement between two thermal fields at a temperature T ; In the second example, we demonstrate how a cascade correlated spontaneous emission laser can be used as an entanglement amplifier; The last example illustrates how an arbitrary entangled state of two cavity fields can be prepared through atomic coherence. All these examples seem indicate that the two different quantum effects-coherence and entanglement-are closely related.
Management of Hypertension in Athletes

Hypertension is a prevalent condition worldwide with important considerations for athletes. The proper diagnosis and management of hypertension depend on appropriate screening as well as proper technique for blood pressure measurement. The diagnostic workup for hypertension should be thorough and include evaluation for possible underlying etiologies of hypertension as well as identifying high-risk features that may suggest an increased cardiovascular disease risk. How to treat hypertension, including lifestyle modification and antihypertensive therapy, is an important decision that should be made collaboratively with both the clinician and the patient and must be tailored to the patient to improve long-term health outcomes. For many athletes, special consideration must also be given to allow for continued training, maintenance of peak performance, and avoid disqualification from competitive sport.
Bibliography of Current Scholarship in Dispute Resolution

This is a bibliography of current scholarship in the field of dispute resolution. The bibliography is cumulative annually and is updated quarterly. Contents includes domestic and international books and monographs; and scholarly articles organized along subject lines: Arbitration; Commercial; Community and Racial; Construction; Corporate; Courts; Criminal Justice; Employment; Environmental; Family and Domestic; Health Care; Intellectual Property; International and Comparative; Mediation; Negotiation; Neutrals; Public Policy and Collaborative Government; Sports and Entertainment; Tax; and Training.
Atmospheric River Representation in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) Version 1.0

Abstract. The Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) Project is an ongoing, state-of-the-science Earth system modeling, simulation, and prediction project developed by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). With an emphasis on supporting DOE's energy mission, understanding and quantifying how well the model simulates water cycle processes is of particular importance. Here, we evaluate E3SM version v1.0 for its ability to represent atmospheric rivers (ARs), which play significant roles in water vapor transport and precipitation. The characteristics and precipitation associated with global ARs in E3SM at standard resolution (1° × 1°) are compared to the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA2). Global pattern of AR frequencies in E3SM show high degrees of correlation (>= 0.97) with MERRA2 and low mean absolute errors (
Ford Engineers Australia Mileage Marathon Vehicle

For the past 7 years, shell Australia has held a competition to stimulate the design of fuel efficient vehicles. In each of these years a team of engineers who work at ford Australia's product engineering office at geelong have entered a vehicle. This paper outlines the teams rationale in the design and development of a series of mileage marathon vehicles which have achieved a number of world records (a).
Pyloroplasty for Refractory Gastroparesis.

Abstract Gastroparesis is a chronic gastric motility disorder in which the pathophysiology mimics a postvagotomy state. Pyloroplasty is beginning to emerge as a successful drainage procedure for refractory gastroparesis. Here we report our experience using pyloroplasty in the surgical management of diabetic and nondiabetic gastroparesis. A retrospective study was performed of 46 patients undergoing pyloroplasty for refractory gastroparesis from January 2010 through December 2013. Gastric emptying scintigraphy and the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index were assessed pre- and postoperatively. Laparoscopic pyloroplasty was performed in 42 patients, open pyloroplasty in three, and one patient was converted from laparoscopic to open pyloroplasty. Studies were repeated during the six to 12 month postoperative interval. The postoperative gastric emptying scintigraphy improved in 90 per cent of patients and normalized in 60 per cent. Postoperative T½ was significantly reduced (P = 0.001) as was four-hour retention (P < 0.001). The Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index showed statistically significant reduction in symptom severity for all nine categories (P < 0.0005) as well as total symptom score (P < 0.005). No patients developed dumping syndrome. Pyloroplasty is a highly effective therapy for refractory gastroparesis, offering significant reduction in symptom severity, improvement in quality of life, and acceleration of gastric emptying.
Understanding the Drivers of Forest, Residential, and Agricultural Land Values in Yamhill County Using Hedonic Models

Hedonic modeling is commonly used in land and property value estimations in an attempt to identify the impact that various attributes have on the market value of that property. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors contributing to land value of agricultural, forest, and residential properties in Yamhill County, as part of the Spatial Ecosystem Services Analysis, Modeling, and Evaluation (SESAME, http://www.pdx.edu/ecosystem-services/) project. This paper discusses the process and preliminary results of the development of hedonic models that will be utilized for predicting land value changes under future land conversion scenarios. Applying the models to future scenarios will provide insight into the effect that land conversion will have on market value of land in Yamhill County, in order to elucidate one component of the total land value in the area. Numerous studies have performed hedonic modeling in order to provide greater understanding of the non-market ecosystem service values that are contributing to land values, and it is necessary to have baseline information on the value of environmental attributes in order to identify potential policy and planning activities that can preserve these values. Current methods for assessing the value of non-market ecosystem services are mostly in development stages, with few widely-accepted approaches. Utilizing hedonic modeling and other revealed preference techniques may provide valuable insight into the contribution of nonmarket goods and services, in order to ensure they are adequately accounted for in planning and management decisions. UNDERSTANDING THE DRIVERS OF LAND VALUE ii
Chapter 3. Mental Health Care of Hispanic Immigrant Children

Abstract This chapter addresses the mental health care of Hispanic immigrant children within a school-based context. The school system is presented as a natural support agent that is psychologically, culturally and geographically accessible for the delivery of culturally competent mental health services. The development of a multifaceted New York City public school-based program created, by the first author of this chapter, in response to the psychosocial needs of Hispanic immigrant children is discussed as a viable approach that may be used in the provision of ethnic-sensitive mental health care.