cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Why is knowledge updating after task experience incomplete? Contributions of encoding experience, scaling artifact, and inferential deficit

Knowledge updating occurs when people learn about the impacts of variables on memory after experiencing their effects. For instance, judgments of learning (JOLs) for encoding strategies (e.g., imagery and repetition) show no difference during a first study–test trial; however, during a second trial, JOLs better reflect the benefits of the more effective strategy. Although this outcome indicates some knowledge updating, JOLs on a second trial rarely update to reflect the full impact of a given variable. We investigated several explanations for this incomplete updating. Evidence using prestudy JOLs from Experiments 1 and 2 disconfirmed the encoding-disrupts-updating (EDU) hypothesis, which is that the experience of encoding items on the second trial disrupts the use of new knowledge in making JOLs. In Experiment 3, we used binary JOLs to evaluate whether the lack of updating is an artifact of people not wanting to use extreme ratings, which accounted for some—but not all—of the incomplete updating. Finally, in Experiment 4, immediately after the test on the initial trial, participants received feedback about how many items they had recalled for each level of the focal variable, and their JOLs on the second trial still showed incomplete updating. Taken together, the evidence suggests that incomplete knowledge updating on JOLs arises from multiple factors, including a scaling artifact and the deficient use of accurate knowledge when making JOLs.
Applications of arena in industry

During this presentation the Arena Product and Consulting team will present brief case studies on how Arena has been applied across various industries over the past year. The presentation will include specific features of Arena that were beneficial to each project, and common methodologies practiced by our team.
States of (in)security: : Corporeal geographies and the elsewhere war

This paper examines embodied representations of state (in)security within three broad thematic categories: biometrics, prosthetics, and military biopower. This analysis elucidates the ways in which gender and race are put to work through representational framings of US state security. These framings, while diverse, offer similar taxonomies of inclusion—exclusion, security—insecurity, and violence against or care for certain bodies. This critical examination explicates how security is succinctly situated by autonomous state actors, ‘life politics’, and manipulations of the global—intimate through the lens of mimetic gendered and raced bodies. I argue that these various visual representations aid in reinforcing to the mainstream/white US citizen-subject that he or she remains secure within the immediate US homeland by way of the displacement of contemporary war violence elsewhere—rather than such violence circulating ‘everywhere’. A visual and discursive representation of security—insecurity illustrates a p...
Is Coccidiosis Gaining Resistance to Drugs

(1955). Is Coccidiosis Gaining Resistance to Drugs? World's Poultry Science Journal: Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 223-224.
A medical tactile sensor for measuring tissue hardness in robotic surgical tools

We report a hardness sensor for non-intrusive characterization of tissue hardness in robotic surgical systems. The MEMS-based hardness sensor we developed is able to measure within a hardness range of 0.3 – 360psi based on normal contact, realizing excellent ability to distinguish certain biological samples. To our knowledge, such wide dynamic range and capability of bio-tissue recognition have not been experimentally demonstrated in the past. The ‘tandem spring’ design of the sensor is implemented using a novel direct silicon-PCB packaging scheme recently developed by our group. We also discovered that two underlying control parameters (θ and σ r ) determine the sensor's performance. Further, we developed a 2-phase measurement scheme to achieve both wide range and high sensitivity for various hardness samples.
Lipid droplet breakdown requires dynamin 2 for vesiculation of autolysosomal tubules in hepatocytes.

Lipid droplets (LDs) are lipid storage organelles that in hepatocytes may be catabolized by autophagy for use as an energy source, but the membrane-trafficking machinery regulating such a process is poorly characterized. We hypothesized that the large GTPase Dynamin 2 (Dyn2), well known for its involvement in membrane deformation and cellular protein trafficking, could orchestrate autophagy-mediated LD breakdown. Accordingly, depletion or pharmacologic inhibition of Dyn2 led to a substantial accumulation of LDs in hepatocytes. Strikingly, the targeted disruption of Dyn2 induced a dramatic four- to fivefold increase in the size of autolysosomes. Chronic or acute Dyn2 inhibition combined with nutrient deprivation stimulated the excessive tubulation of these autolysosomal compartments. Importantly, Dyn2 associated with these tubules along their length, and the tubules vesiculated and fragmented in the presence of functional Dyn2. These findings provide new evidence for the participation of the autolysosome in LD metabolism and demonstrate a novel role for dynamin in the function and maturation of an autophagic compartment.
The Hydrogen Atom

Hydrogen, the simplest of all the elements, has been investigated most extensively both experimentally and theoretically. The knowledge obtained from this study has acted as a guide to the study of more complex elements. In this chapter we limit our considerations to hydrogen; in the next two chapters we discuss more complicated elements.
Treatment of a Borderline Child with Developmental Delays: A Play Therapy Case Revisited After Thirty Years

“Analysts have always been proud of the distinction that there is a causal therapy, aiming at he conflicts and stresses which are hidden in the patient's personality and underlie their psychopathology.” (Anna Freud, 1970, p. 19)
Parasitism of the Apple Blotch Leafminer, Phyllonorycter crataegella, on Sprayed and Unsprayed Apple Trees in Connecticut

Parasitism of the apple blotch leafminer, Phyllonorycter crataegella (Clemens), was investigated over nine generations (3 years) at two sites in Connecticut. Twelve species of parasitoids, three of them recorded for the first time, attacked P. crataegella immatures, their primary parasitoids, or both in commercial apple orchards. Eulophid Sympiesis marylandensis Girault, a primary ectoparasitoid, dominated in 14/16 (87.5%) of samples reared from different areas or generations. Emergence of S. marylandensis and P. crataegella adults was synchronous; however, that of S. marylandensis preceded the appearance of hosts, 4th- and 5th-instar larvae of P. crataegella , by ca. one month. Number of species and abundance of adult parasitoids varied considerably between leafminer generations, although they usually rose sharply from second to third generation in sprayed orchards. In 1978 and 1979 percent parasitism was lowest in the second and highest in the third (last) generation during each year. In the third generation of 1977 and 1979, percent parasitism was higher at the edge than at the center of commercial orchards. Percent parasitism was higher on unsprayed than sprayed trees at Southington during the first generation of 1978–1980 and during the second generation of 1978–1979. Overall percent parasitism may have been influenced negatively by insecticides and positively by immigration of parasitoids and increased developmental period of hosts (i.e., longer exposure to parasitoids).
Rationalist Approaches to Conflict Prevention and Resolution

An emerging literature on civil and international conflict management is developing and testing insights from formal theories of conflict. Third parties may attempt to prevent or resolve conflict by providing material incentives or by providing or filtering information. Material incentives are the province of states, for the most part, while weaker third parties can provide information. There is considerable debate over whether threats of third-party intervention actually deter conflict, provoke conflict, have no effect, or have nonmonotonic effects on the likelihood of conflict. Providing information via mediation is seen as effective in preventing conflict, but questions remain about precisely how it works and about the appropriate characteristics of the mediator, such as whether mediators should be biased or unbiased.
Baroclinic Instability Localized by Dissipation

Abstract A two-layer baroclinic flow on an f plane is rendered locally stable by sufficiently strong Ekman-layer friction except in an interval of length 2a in the downstream direction in which the friction is reduced. The localized marginally stable modes are found by matching the solutions found separately in each region where the friction is uniform. It is shown that localized baroclinic instabilities, anchored to the local unstable zone, are possible as long as the interval length exceeds a critical value on the order of the Rossby deformation radius. The most unstable perturbation modes consist of two coupled vortices in each layer squeezed toward the downstream edge of the unstable zone. Slightly supercritical states will lead to growth. The growth rate remains substantial until the interval length becomes small with respect to a deformation radius.
Testing the waters: local users, sea level rise, and the productive usability of interactive geovisualizations

This paper explores the potential for technical communicators to employ usability research with risk-based interactive geovisualization technologies as a method of cultivating "critical rhetorics of risk communication" for local communities. Through integrating theories from usability studies and risk communication, I offer some new directions for thinking about the productive usability of online, participatory technologies that promote citizen engagement in science. I argue that the key tenets of productive usability afford technical communicators the opportunity to build localized knowledge of risk in real, local users, which in turn improves the capacity for a community and its stakeholders to more effectively communicate risk.
Identifying classes of conjoint alcohol and marijuana use in entering freshmen

The current study identified classes of conjoint marijuana and alcohol use in entering college freshmen using latent profile analysis (N = 772; 53% male, 60% White; Mage = 18). RESULTS yielded 4 distinct groups: Class 1 (moderate drinking with recent marijuana use: 22% of sample), Class 2 (moderate drinking with no recent marijuana use: 25%), Class 3 (light drinking with no recent marijuana use: 40%) and Class 4 (heavy drinking with recent marijuana use: 14%). Separate pairwise contrasts examined cross-class differences in demographics and drinking behaviors, comparing differences in drinking when current marijuana use was controlled (Class 1 vs. 4) and differences in marijuana use when drinking was held relatively constant (Class 1 vs. 2). Among moderate drinkers, recent marijuana users were more likely to drink more than intended, drink to get drunk, and had more problems (including higher rates of blackouts, physical injury, and DUI) relative to peers who refrained from marijuana. No cross-class differences were found for alcohol expectancies or behavioral motives. FINDINGS from these analyses show the presence of distinct groups of conjoint users with different drinking behaviors and consequence profiles, and suggest that conjoint alcohol-marijuana use may be more problematic overall than single substance involvement and highlight the need for developing campus prevention and intervention programs that address the increased risk from polysubstance involvement. (PsycINFO Database Record Language: en
Decision Makinq: A Psychological Analysis of Conflict, Choice, and Commitment

The article reviews the book “Decision Making: A Psychological Analysis of Conflict, Choice, and Commitment,” by Irving L. Janis and Leon Mann.
Utility of the shock index and other risk-scoring tools in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding

Patients with upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding frequently require hospitalization and have a mortality rate that ranges from 6% to 14%. These patients need rapid clinical assessment to determine the urgency of endoscopy and the need for endoscopic treatment. Risk-scoring tools, such as the Rockall score and the Glasgow-Blatchford score, are commonly used in this assessment. These tools clearly help identify high-risk patients but do not necessarily have good predictive value in identifying important outcomes. Their diagnostic accuracy in identifying rebleeding and mortality ranges from poor to fair. The shock index (heart rate divided by systolic blood pressure) provides an integrated assessment of the cardiovascular status. It can be easily calculated during the initial evaluation of patients and monitoring after treatment. The shock index has been used in a few studies in patients with acute GI bleeding, including studies to determine which patients need emergency endoscopy, to predict complications after corrosive ingestions, to identify delayed hemorrhage following pancreatic surgery, and to evaluate the utility of angiograms to identify sites of GI bleeding. Not all studies have found the shock index to be useful in patients with GI bleeding, however. This may reflect the unpredictable natural history of various etiologies of GI bleeding, comorbidity that may influence blood pressure and/or heart rate, and inadequate data acquisition. The shock index needs more formal study in patients with GI bleeding admitted to medical intensive care units. Important considerations include the initial response to resuscitation, persistent bleeding following initial treatment, and rebleeding following a period of stabilization. In addition, it needs correlation with other risk-scoring tools.
Abstract 2087: Estrogen receptor beta sensitizes breast cancer cells to endoplasmic reticulum stress-regulated apoptosis

Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) as estrogen-regulated transcription factor is involved in the development of the normal mammary gland and affects the progression and the anti-estrogen resistance of breast cancer. Recent data connect this resistance with the activation of survival mechanisms including the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR assists the cells to cope with the stress induced upon accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) named ER stress. Although estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) has been shown to alter the resistance of breast cancer cells to anti-estrogens by modulating the levels of ER stress, the role of ERβ in the regulation of the UPR has not been elucidated. Here we show that ERβ decreases the resistance of breast cancer cells to chemically-induced ER stress by altering the inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (IRE-1) pathway of the UPR. In particular, we found that induction in the expression of ERβ enhances apoptosis and upregulates the ER stress-regulated pro-apoptotic CHOP/GADD153 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in response to treatment with the ER stressor thapsigargin. ERβ induces apoptosis under ER stress by inhibiting the unconventional mRNA splicing of X-box binding protein-1 (XBP-1), and thus, attenuating the upregulation of the active transcription factor which reduces the load of unfolded proteins in the ER. These results suggest ERβ as a potential modulator of the resistance of breast cancer cells to ER stressors through regulating the UPR. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2087. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2087
The polyunsaturated fatty acid and cholesterol concentrations of plasma and aorta and their relationship to avian atherosclerosis

Growing cockerels were fed diets varying in level of protein and cholesterol and in the type of fat. Their plasma and aortas were examined for cholesterol, polynsaturated fatty acids, and atherosclerotic involvement.
Multivariate Logistic Regression of Factors Influencing Diagnosis and Treatment Behavior of Clinicians

[Objective]To investigate the effect of patient factors on diagnosis and treatment behavior of clinicians.[Methods]310 clinicians were randomly selected from different hospitals in Jiaxiang county.The effect of patient factors,such as economic status and self-prescription,on diagnosis and treatment behavior of clinicians was studied.[Results]The self-prescription and concealing medical history of patients,and bad doctor-patient relationship have the negative effect on diagnosis and treatment behavior of clinicians.The feedback evaluation,medical insurance and economic status of patients are helpful to standardize the diagnosis and treatment behavior of clinicians.[Conclusion]According to the effect of patient factors on diagnosis and treatment behavior of clinicians,the measures should be adopted to limit the negative effect of patient factors,and regulations of diagnosis and treatment should be implemented based on the positive effect of patient factors,so as to improve the standardization of diagnosis and treatment behavior.
Reining in Private Agents

Major segments of Western social and political thought hold the private sector to be the realm of freedom, and the government to be a coercive power that must be constrained. This article demonstrates that in three major areas — the collection of personal information, policing, and military interventions overseas — private actors allow the government to circumvent such restrictions. Various remedies have been suggested to reduce if not prevent this development. After reviewing them, we suggest a need for a profound rethinking of the basic normative and legal principles at issue.
Spinal Cord Schistosomiasis

A seven year old girl with Schistosoma mansoni infection of the spinal cord mimicking cord neoplasm is reported from the Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
One-class extreme learning machines for gas turbine combustor anomaly detection

Gas turbine combustor anomaly detection plays a critical role in reducing operation and maintenance costs in power plant operations. One-class classification, to learn a model that properly describes the normal samples, is one of many anomaly detection approaches that have shown promising performance in real-world applications. Extreme learning machines (ELMs), a recent developed machine learning technique, have outperformed SVMs and other machine learning methods for many machine learning problems. ELMs have been originally used for binary or multiclass classification and regression as well. Using ELM for one-class classification has emerged very recently, but has not been widely explored for real world applications. In this paper, we adopt ELMs to a new application domain - industrial machine condition monitoring. More specifically, we apply one-class ELMs for more accurate anomaly detection of gas turbine combustors. We evaluate different one-class ELMs and compare them against other one-class classifiers. Using a real-world gas turbine combustor anomaly detection as the case study, we demonstrate that one-class ELMs can be more effective than other one-class classification algorithms in early detecting gas turbine combustor anomalies.
Community Functioning That Fosters Sustainable Social Well-Being

Sustainability has been predominantly associated with ecological integrity. The concept suggests built-in or internal mechanisms that perpetuate or maintain a system, perhaps indefinitely. Thus we should not be surprised when non-ecological organizations, and their well-being are said to be ‘sustainable.’ This study asks the question: what conditions of community lead to sustainable well-being, especially social well-being? The underlying premise is that attention to the essence of community will lead both to more sustainability and greater social well-being. The answer offered is that for sustainable well-being, communities need caring capital, which is a structure in which mutual caring maintains social well-being within a community. This premise is illustrated with exemplary Ecovillage communities.
Randomized control trial evaluation of a modified Paleolithic dietary intervention in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a pilot study.

Background/objective A Paleolithic diet may improve fatigue and quality of life in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, but past research has evaluated the effects of this dietary intervention in combination with other treatments such as exercise. Thus, the purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate a modified Paleolithic dietary intervention (MPDI) in the treatment of fatigue and other symptoms in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). Methods We measured the effects of a MPDI in 17 individuals with RRMS. Of 34 subjects randomly assigned to control (maintain usual diet) and intervention (MPDI) groups, nine subjects (one man) completed the control group and eight subjects (one man) completed the MPDI. Results Significant improvements were seen in Fatigue Severity Scale score and also in Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 and time to complete (dominant hand) 9-Hole Peg Test from baseline in MPDI subjects compared to controls. Increased vitamin K serum levels were also observed in MPDI subjects postprotocol compared to controls. Conclusion A Paleolithic diet may be useful in the treatment and management of MS, by reducing perceived fatigue, increasing mental and physical quality of life, increasing exercise capacity, and improving hand and leg function. By increasing vitamin K serum levels, the MPDI may also reduce inflammation.
Identification and Biological Characteristics of Ryegrass (Lolium spp.) Accessions in Arkansas

Italian ryegrass is a major weed problem in wheat production worldwide. Field studies were conducted at Fayetteville, AR, to assess morphological characteristics of ryegrass accessions from Arkansas and differences among other Lolium spp.: Italian, rigid, poison, and perennial ryegrass. Plant height, plant growth habit, plant stem color, and node color were recorded every 2 wk until maturity. The number of tillers per plant, spikes per plant, and seeds per plant were recorded at maturity. All ryegrass accessions from Arkansas were identified as Italian ryegrass, which had erect to prostrate growth habit, green to red stem color, green to red nodes, glume (10 mm) shorter than spikelet (19 mm), and medium seed size (5 to 7 mm) with 1 to 3mm awns. However, significant variability in morphological characteristics was found among Arkansas ryegrass accessions. When Lolium species at the seedling stage (1- to 2-wk-old plants) were compared, poison ryegrass was characterized as having a large main-stem diameter and wide droopy leaves, whereas perennial ryegrass exhibited a short and a very narrow leaf blade. These two can be distinguished from Italian and rigid ryegrass, which have leaf blades wider than perennial ryegrass but narrower than poison ryegrass. Italian and rigid ryegrass are difficult to distinguish at the seedling stage but are distinct at the reproductive stage. At maturity, Italian ryegrass and poison ryegrass seeds are awned, but perennial and rigid ryegrass seeds are awnless. Poison ryegrass awns were at least 4-fold longer than Italian ryegrass awns. Perennial ryegrass flowered 3 wk later than the other species. Poison ryegrass glumes were longer than the spikelets, whereas Italian ryegrass glumes were shorter than the spikelets. Morphological traits indicate that some Italian ryegrass populations are potentially more competitive and more fecund than others.Nomenclature: Italian ryegrass, Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot.; perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne L.; poison ryegrass Lolium temulentum L.; rigid ryegrass, Lolium rigidum Gaudin; wheat, Triticum aestivum L.
The Epidemiology of Mycorrhizal Fungal Infection During Succession

Mycorrhizae are essential symbioses regulating the trajectory of succession following severe perturbation of a site (E.B. Allen and M.F. Allen 1990). As Pickett and McDonnell (1989) noted, succession is probably the single law of ecology. However, the course of succession is not a predetermined one; rather, it depends on the composition of residuals surviving a disturbance (a function of the degree and type of perturbation), the activity of vectors, and the changing chemical/physical environment (E.B. Allen 1988). Because a mycorrhiza is a symbiosis of fungus and plant, conceptual models that describe mycorrhizal development and the effects of mycorrhizae on ecosystems require an understanding of the ecology of both organisms independently, together with information on their interactions.
Döblin's destiny: The author of Schicksalsreise as Christian, Jew and German

This manuscript offers an interpretation of Doblin's Schicksalsreise in regard to authorial identity. Schicksalsreise appeared in 1949, but long suffered from critical neglect. Now a few analyses of the work exist and effectively explicate its "confession" or "conversion" theme. The problem with this analytical approach is that by overemphasizing the confessional narrative, it misses other features of the book. Schicksalsreise reveals a complex author – not only a Christian convert, but a "former" Jew who has not turned his back altogether on Jewish political concerns and, also, a German who is drawn back to postwar Berlin and whose diction betrays the excitement of hearing his native language spoken on native soil. Important as religio is to Schicksalsreise, the work does not invite an interpretation that reduces these other elements to religious terms. The manuscript relies on a recent study by Roland Dollinger, who has represented Doblin as an "epic" writer constructing his works out of "fragments" – a perspective that is suited to Schicksalsreise and its "fragmentary" author. It is suggested that "exile" supplies a frame of reference in which to view the ambivalence of Doblin's identity.
Panic in Children and Adolescents

Recent literature investigating the prevalence and nature of panic in children and adolescents has suggested that separation anxiety and/or experiences of separation from significant attachment figures in childhood may play an important role in the development of panic (Alessi & Magen, 1988, Biederman, 1987; Bradley & Hood, 1993, Faravelli, Webb, Ambonetti, Fonnesu, & Sessarego, 1985; Hayward, Killen, and Taylor, 1989; Moreau, Weissman, & Warner, 1989; Warren & Zgourides, 1988). The purpose of this chapter is to explore a pathway through which separation in early childhood, conceptualized as a possible source of stress within Barlow’s (1988) model of panic disorder, may lead to the development of panic in later childhood and adolescence. Specifically, variables related to temperament, attachment, and the relationship of these two constructs to the onset of panic disorder will be explored. It will be suggested that such variables may mediate the effects of separation, affecting the likelihood that components of panic etiology, as defined in Barlow’s (1988) model, will develop.
Abstract 159: Intralipid Rescue of Bupivacaine-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats is Abolished by Glibenclamide, an ATP Potassium Channel Blocker

Introduction: Lipid emulsion (intralipid) is effective in resuscitating bupivacaine-induced cardiac toxicity. It has been shown that in ischemic preconditioning, ATP-sensitive K+ channels play a role as myocardial preconditioning failed to protect the heart in the presence of KATP channel antagonist glibenclamide. We investigated the role of KATP channel in lipid rescue of bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity. Methods: Young male Sprague-Dawley rats (300-350 g) were anesthetized intraperitoneally with a mixture of ketamine (80 mg/kg) and xylazine (8 mg/kg), and ventilated with a ventilator. M-mode echocardiography were acquired throughout the experiment. Rats were pretreated with glibenclamide (1 mg/kg, IV) or PBS (control group). Asystole was induced 30 min later by a single injection of bupivacaine (10mg/kg over 20 seconds, intravenously) and resuscitation with Intralipid 20% (5ml/kg bolus, and 0.5ml/kg/min maintenance) along with chest compression was started immediately. HR and EF means were compared using a two way repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) model. Values are mean ± SEM, n=5 rats/group, p Results: Glibenclamide had no effect on the HR and cardiac function as there were no significant differences between the HR and EF before (HR=286±15beats/min, EF=82±2.5%) and 30 min after (HR=275±19beats/min, EF=82±2.2%) administration of glibenclamide. Administration of bupivacaine resulted in asystole in both groups and intralipid therapy improved the HR and cardiac function of rats pretreated with PBS gradually within 10 min (HR (beats/min) =86±13 at 1min (27% recovery), 216±10 at 5 min (67% recovery), and 228±14 at 10 min (71% recovery)). The left ventricular systolic function in control group fully recovered within 5 min of intralipid treatment as EF and FS were similar to their baseline values (EF=72±5%, FS=42±4%). Pre-treatment with glibenclamide, however, prevented the lipid-induced rescue of bupivacaine overdose, as there was no recovery of cardiac function within 10 min of lipid therapy. Conclusions: Our data highlights the role of mithochondrial KATP channels in lipid rescue of bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity.
The Glass Temperature and the Specific Heat of Apiezon N and T Greases

The frequent use of Apiezon grease as a thermal bonding agent at cryogenic temperatures has led to interest in its physical properties [1]. Westrum, Chou, Osborne, and Flotow [2] have carried out heat-capacity measurements on a 32.54-g sample of Apiezon T grease. Their results reveal a broad anomaly in the temperature range 205 to 320°K. In a recent note on the specific heat of Apiezon N grease, Bunting, Ashworth, and Steeple [3] have also reported a broad anomalous region (see Fig. 1). Their results disclose a foothill extending from 200 to 260°K and a peak which has a maximum value at about 296°K. It is the purpose of this paper to comment on the specific-heat anomalies and to present evidence that the upturn in the specific heat of Apiezon N and T greases is associated with the glass transition [4] temperature T g.
Letter to the Editor: EMDR, ADCs, NDEs, and the Resolution of Loss

Letter Brice J. Horacek to the editor of the Journal of Near-Death Studies on the topic "EMDR, ADCs, NDEs, and the Resolution of Loss."
Prostate Artery Embolization for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Results From a Prospective FDA-Approved Investigational Device Exemption Study.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of prostate artery embolization (PAE) for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods A prospective, single-center, open-label FDA-approved study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PAE for LUTS secondary to BPH. We enrolled men ≥ 45, prostate volume > 40 g, International prostate symptom score (IPSS) > 13, peak flow rate (Qmax) ≤ 12 mL/s, and voided volume ≥ 125 mL. Patients were evaluated with questionnaires (IPSS, quality-of-life [QoL], International index of erectile function, and male sexual health questionnaire for ejaculatory dysfunction) and clinical measures (postvoid residual volume and Qmax at baseline 1, 3, and 12 months) after PAE. Baseline and 6-month total prostate (TV) and central gland (CG) volumes were obtained. Results 45 patients (mean volume: 99 cc, range: 30-214 g) were treated over the course of the 3-year study. At 1 month, there were improvements in IPSS (23.6 ± 6.1 to 12.0 ± 5.9, P Conclusion This prospective clinical trial demonstrates that PAE is safe and efficacious for BPH, with significant improvement in LUTS and reduction in TV and CG volumes.
ALS mutations of FUS suppress protein translation and disrupt the regulation of nonsense-mediated decay.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease characterized by preferential motor neuron death. Approximately 15% of ALS cases are familial, and mutations in the fused in sarcoma (FUS) gene contribute to a subset of familial ALS cases. FUS is a multifunctional protein participating in many RNA metabolism pathways. ALS-linked mutations cause a liquid–liquid phase separation of FUS protein in vitro, inducing the formation of cytoplasmic granules and inclusions. However, it remains elusive what other proteins are sequestered into the inclusions and how such a process leads to neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. In this study, we developed a protocol to isolate the dynamic mutant FUS-positive cytoplasmic granules. Proteomic identification of the protein composition and subsequent pathway analysis led us to hypothesize that mutant FUS can interfere with protein translation. We demonstrated that the ALS mutations in FUS indeed suppressed protein translation in N2a cells expressing mutant FUS and fibroblast cells derived from FUS ALS cases. In addition, the nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathway, which is closely related to protein translation, was altered by mutant FUS. Specifically, NMD-promoting factors UPF1 and UPF3b increased, whereas a negative NMD regulator, UPF3a, decreased, leading to the disruption of NMD autoregulation and the hyperactivation of NMD. Alterations in NMD factors and elevated activity were also observed in the fibroblast cells of FUS ALS cases. We conclude that mutant FUS suppresses protein biosynthesis and disrupts NMD regulation, both of which likely contribute to motor neuron death.
Statistically Analyzing Power System Network

Compared with other man-made or natural networks, electric power system network exhibits distinctive statistical properties in terms of its topology and electrical parameters. Examination of these unique properties may help understand the inherent interconnection of this critical energy-delivery infrastructure and provide useful guidelines for system design and grid modeling development, e.g. the emerged synthetic grid modeling as a solution for the lack of high-quality publicly available power grid test cases to the research community. This paper introduces a MATLAB GUI-based toolkit that is able to complete a set of comprehensive statistical analysis on a grid network with convenient interactive user interface. The toolkit is developed with four main group of functions: a) Topology properties, b) Grid statistics, c) Voltage interdependence and d) Scaling properties. This allows the user to study a grid network based on selected metrics and compare their statistics with a number of reference or real grids. It may also provide guidelines for generating random topology test cases with accurate topological and electrical parameters.
Child Prodigies Exploring the World: How Homeschooled Students Narrate their Literacy in the Digital Archive of Literacy Narratives

Approximately 1.8 million students in the United States are homeschooled, according to 2012 data from the National Center for Education Statistics (Redford et al.). However, researchers have only begun to examine how these homeschooled students reflect on their own literacy development, especially once they have entered college. Using the Digital Archive of Literacy Narratives (DALN), I gather and analyze eighteen literacy narratives of currently and formerly homeschooled students, exploring how these students reflect on their own developing literacies, especially as they contrast their experiences with those of their traditionally-schooled classmates. The results of this study reveal, first, that these homeschoolers participate in a wide variety of literacy practices that both respond to and redefine those of the “traditional” classroom. Second, many of the narratives tend to embrace the “child prodigy” literacy structure, as identified and defined by Kara Alexander (2011) and Stephanie Paterson (2001). Third, four narratives reveal problems that can occur in homeschooling: namely, a parent-educator’s perceived lack of authority, and, in two cases, a tendency to trap students in unhealthy family environments. Despite these exceptions, most narratives reveal their family network as a place of vibrant literary sponsorship; and a few students narrate the “pedagogic violence” that may occur when they transition from this warm family environment into traditional secondary schools (Worsham 121). Overall, I argue that as participants in a non-dominant mode of education, these homeschoolers feel the need either to justify or to repudiate their literacy acquisition process against the dominant group. More quantitative research is needed to understand whether these experiences represent trends across the homeschooling movement.
Solidarity in STEM: How Gender Composition Affects Women’s Experience in Work Teams

The relationships among the percentage of women in a team and women’s sense of team identification and collective efficacy as well as team performance was examined. We explored these relationships in a sample of student teams conducting a semester-long social science research project within the context of science and technology-focused university. Findings with 95 U.S. college students (43 women) show that women experience higher team identification and collective efficacy as the percent of women teammates increases. Additionally, women’s team identification and collective efficacy mediate the relationship between the percentage of women on the team and overall team performance. Interestingly, the number of men on the team did not influence men’s sense of team identification, collective efficacy, or team performance. This research has implications for team composition. Specifically, when navigating diversity in teams, managers and leaders should aim to build teams that are composed of multiple women versus an approach that divides women up among various teams. In doing so, managers can better secure conditions for the development of positive teamwork experiences and, ultimately, performance.
New York City fourth graders who receive a climate change curriculum with hydroponic gardening have higher science achievement scores

We compared 2014–15 New York State Science Assessment scores of fourth grade students who received the New York Sun Works (NYSW) Program (n = 638) with two comparison groups: students who received ...
3D NoCs with active interposer for multi-die systems

Advances in interconnect technologies for system-in-package manufacturing have re-introduced multi-chip module (MCM) architectures as an alternative to the current monolithic approach. MCMs or multi-die systems implement multiple smaller chiplets in a single package. These MCMs are connected through various package interconnect technologies, such as current industry solutions in AMD's Infinity Fabric, Intel's Foveros active interposer, and Marvell's Mochi Interconnect. Although MCMs improve manufacturing yields and are cost-effective, additional challenges on the Network-on-Chip (NoC) within a single chiplet and across multiple chiplets need to be addressed. These challenges include routing, scalability performance, and resource allocation. This work introduces a scalable MCM 3D interconnect infrastructure called "MCM-3D-NoC" with multiple 3D chiplets connected through an active interposer. System-level simulations of MCM-3D-NoC are performed to validate the proposed architecture and provide performance evaluation of network latency, throughput, and EDP.
Teacher Education for Justice and Equity: 40 Years of Advocacy

Consistent with the anniversary theme of this special issue of ATE, this article offers an overview of 40 years of advocacy for social justice- and equity-centered teacher preparation through three...
Presentation, Treatment, and Outcome of Survivors of In-Hospital Versus Out-of-Hospital Sudden Cardiac Arrest.

We examined the baseline characteristics, rates of implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation, and long-term all-cause mortality for survivors of in-hospital (IHSCA) versus out-of-hospital (OHSCA) sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). A total of 1,433 SCA survivors (807 IHSCA and 626 OHSCA) from 2002 to 2012 were followed through February 2017. Baseline characteristics and potential triggers of SCA, including significant electrolyte and metabolic abnormalities and acute myocardial infarction and ischemia, were collected. Adjusted survival analyses were performed using a multivariate Cox model. The presence of SCA triggers was similar between IHSCA and OHSCA patients (39% vs 35%, p = 0.3), but OHSCA was more likely associated with cardiac ischemia and drug abuse, whereas IHSCA was more associated with new antiarrhythmic drugs (p
"Intermediate" Cell Types and Mixed Cell Proliferation in Multiple Myeloma: Electron Microscopic Observations

Bone marrow studies of multiple myeloma revealed, in some cases, a conspicuous proliferation of "lymphoid" cells, virtually indistinguishable by light microscopy from those seen in lympho-proliferative disorders. Electron microscopy demonstrated a variety of cells ranging from typical lymphocytes to cells with plasmocytoid features. Between these two types of elements there were cells with intermediate characteristics. In addition, in several cases of myeloma the presence of fixed reticuloendothelial cells and "reticular" plasma cells (or reticulum cells with plasmocytic features) was frequently noted. The presence of reticulum cells and lymphocytes and of cells apparently "intermediate" between these cellular elements and plasma cells, as judged from electron microscopic observations, is suggestive morphologic evidence of a phenomenon of cell transformation and evidence of a mixed cell proliferation in certain cases of multiple myeloma.
mm-Wave Mixer-First Receiver with Passive Elliptic Low-pass Filter

Passive mixer-first receivers have gained interest for their superior linearity, lower power consumption, and smaller footprint. Traditionally, the load of these mixers is a passive or active RC filter. This paper demonstrates a passive mixer-first receiver where the mixer load is a third-order passive elliptic filter realized using on-chip capacitors and spiral inductors so that wide bandwidth and high selectivity are concurrently achieved. The 65nm CMOS prototype covers a tunable frequency between 21 and 29 GHz and achieves 0.5 GHz instantaneous baseband bandwidth, >49 dB stopband to passband rejection, an in-band ICP -1dB of -6 dBm and out-of-band B -1dB >3.4 dBm.
Chemical Kinetics Modeling and Analysis of Monomethylamine for Power Plants Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) Systems

A study was performed to investigate monomethylamine (MMA) as an alternative or supplementary reagent for selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) of nitrogen oxides (NOx) for power plants especially the coal-fired type. A detailed chemical kinetics mechanism for MMA, related to the SNCR NOx reduction process, was modeled using a simplified plug flow reactor (PFR) approach using the CHEMKIN software. Model validation results were in line with reported experimental results. A model sensitivity analysis showed that the normalized MMA/NO stoichiometric ratio (NSR) and the initial NOx concentration are the most critical parameters that significantly affect MMA-based process performance. Additionally, a reduced reaction mechanism and its mechanism tree for this particular process are proposed, consisting of only 18 reactions and 21 species. Simulation comparisons with three other reagents (ammonia, urea, and cyanuric acid), under similar process conditions, indicate that MMA-based SNCR NOx reduction process has a superior performance at much lower temperatures (under 800 K) than conventional SNCR processes, with the added benefit that it does not suffer from ammonia slip problems. The MMA-based SNCR NOx removal system could be applied in cascade mode with other post-combustion NOx removal approaches to extend NOx control to lower temperatures and eliminate the temperature window limitation and potential ammonia slip of conventional SNCR systems. The cascade design is a perfect solution for coal power plants especially at partial load modes of operation which provides more flexibility in performance for such plants. The results of the simulations in this study show that the potential of MMA for SNCR NOx reduction systems at full-scale power plants has significant merit.
Defining and deconstructing girl child marriage and applications to global public health.

An estimated 650 million girls and women alive today married before their 18th birthday. Referred to as girl child marriage, the formal or informal union of the girl-child before age 18, the practice is increasingly recognized as a key roadblock to global health, development, and gender equality. Although more research than ever has focused on girl child marriage, an important gap remains in deconstructing the construct. Through an extensive review of primary and secondary sources, including legal documents, peer-reviewed articles, books, and grey literature across disciplines, we explore what the term “girl child marriage” means and why it more accurately captures current global efforts than other terms like early, teenage, or adolescent marriage. To do this, we dive into different framings on marriage, children, and gender. We find that there has been historical change in the understanding of girl child marriage in published literature since the late 1800s, and that it is a political, sociocultural, and value-laden term that serves a purpose in different contexts at different moments in time. The lack of harmonized terminology, particularly in the global public health, prevents alignment amongst different stakeholders in understanding what the problem is in order to determine how to measure it and create solutions on how to address it. Our intent is to encourage more intentional use of language in global public health research.