cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Graduate Medical Education as a Lever for Collaborative Change: One Institution's Experience with a Campuswide Patient Safety Initiative

Background: The 2013 closure of a public hospital in Baton Rouge, LA transformed graduate medical education (GME) at Our Lady of the Lake Regional Medical Center (OLOL). Administrators were tasked with incorporating residents into patient safety and quality improvement initiatives to fulfill regulatory obligations. This report outlines our experiences as we built these patient safety and quality improvement initiatives in a rapidly expanding independent academic medical center. Methods: We joined the Alliance of Independent Academic Medical Centers (AIAMC) to meet and learn from national peers. To fulfill the scholarly activity requirement of the AIAMC9s National Initiative IV, we formed a multidisciplinary team to develop a patient safety education project. Prioritized monthly team meetings allowed for project successes to be celebrated and circulated within the organization. Results: The public-private partnership that more than quadrupled the historic size of GME at OLOL has, in the past 2 years, led to the development of an interdisciplinary team. This team has expanded to accommodate residency program leadership from across the campus. Our National Initiative IV project won a national award and inspired several follow-up initiatives. In addition, this work led to the formation of a Patient Safety and Clinical Quality Improvement fellowship that matched its first fellow in 2015. Conclusion: Through the commitment and support of hospital and medical education leaders, as well as a focus on promoting cultural change through scholarly activity, we were able to greatly expand patient safety and quality improvement efforts in our institution.
FLOW LAW ON STRATIFIED LAMINAR FLOW IN PIPE

In the paper, two-phase stratified laminar flow law in pipe was established with fluid mechanics N-S equations. The coupling conditions of the two phase interface was set up the fluid mechanics analysis of the two phase laminar interaction and the mathematics equations of the two phase stratified flow and the flow law was obtained the transportation of hight viscidity fluid easily comes true by the application of the stratified flow principle.
Constitutions Un-Entrenched: Toward an Alternative Theory of Constitutional Design

This Article highlights a gap between a great deal of constitutional theory and a great deal of the practice of democratic constitution-making. Drawing on data from democratic national and state constitutions, we challenge the consensus among constitutional theorists that a central purpose of constitutionalism is the entrenchment (the fortification against future change) of broad principles. The empirical reality is that the majority of democratic constitutions today are subject to frequent revision, and are therefore ill-equipped to facilitate the entrenchment of their contents. To explore the logic of these un-entrenched documents, we identify the historical periods in which different geographic regions moved away from highly entrenched constitutions, and we examine the political contexts of these transformations. We find that, in each context, constitution-makers were attempting to limit the discretion of constitutional interpreters and implementers by drafting highly specific texts and by updating them in response to continually changing circumstances.
The Potentially Direct Role of Intracellular Calcium Overload in the Electrophysiology of Cardiac Ischemia

Sudden cardiac arrest in patients with coronary artery disease is responsible for approximately half of the 400,000 cardiovascular deaths that occur annually in the United States. A substantial fraction of these deaths result from immediate effects of ischemia on the electrophysiological properties of ventricular myocardium. Within the first minute after coronary occlusion, there is a reduction in the resting potential of ischemic cells, together with shortening of the action potential plateau. These changes in action potential characteristics lead to the flow of “injury” current across the ischemic border, which may produce the initiating beat of ventricular fibrillation (1,2). Moreover, early depolarization of ischemic myocardium causes slowing of conduction, which could, in turn, produce arrhythmias by permitting re-entrant conduction within or around the infarct zone.
The Role Of PRDM1 and Its Interacting Proteins In The Pathogenesis Of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) represents the most common adult leukemia in western countries, affecting approximately 10,000 individuals every year in United States of America. In order to develop effective therapeutic strategies there is a need to understand the precise molecular events associated with CLL development and progression. In an attempt to understand the process we performed transcriptome analysis of CLL cells from peripheral blood (PB) of 7 good prognosis and 8 poor prognosis patients. Additionally to validate the results further, we have utilized gene expression profiling data of CLL cells from 77 good or poor prognosis patients. Using transcriptome and gene expression profiling, we identified PR Domain Zinc Finger Protein1 (PRDM1) as one of the candidate tumor suppressor genes in CLL. PRDM1/BLIMP1 is a transcriptional repressor which is crucial for terminal differentiation of mature B cells into plasma cells. PRDM1 has been shown to promote differentiation by repressing genes essential for B cell receptor signaling and cellular proliferation. Our results demonstrated that PRDM1 expression was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in CLL cells from poor prognosis compared to good prognosis CLL cases ([Figure 1][1]). In addition, to determine the clinical significance, the expression levels of PRDM1 were found to correlate with time to treatment in CLL patients ([Figure 2][2]). Lower expression of PRDM1 was associated (p=0.001) with shorter time to treatment in CLL (n = 40). Furthermore, using IPA analyses we identified PRDM1 interacting partners. Among those, there was increased expression of BCL2, PAX5, EHMT2, SPIB and decreased expression of BCL6, IRF4, BCR, CASP3, pFOS, TP53 and HDAC2 in CLL cells from poor prognosis patients in comparison with good prognosis. Also we have observed the differential expression of TLE1, a co-repressor molecule associated with PRDM1 and member of the Groucho family of proteins. ![Figure1][3] Figure1 Transcript levels of PRDM1 in Good Prognosis and Poor Prognosis. ![Figure2][3] Figure2 Clinical correlation of PRDM1 expression with time to treatment. Together these results are suggestive of a role for PRDM1 as a negative regulator of CLL aggressiveness and progression. These studies warranted additional investigation to elucidate the mechanism of PRDM1 mediated CLL progression and to identify a therapeutic target. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare. [1]: #F1 [2]: #F2 [3]: pending:yes
Safety of Local Intracutaneous Lidocaine Anesthesia Used by Dermatologic Surgeons for Skin Cancer Excision and Postcancer Reconstruction: Quantification of Standard Injection Volumes and Adverse Event Rates

Background Intracutaneous lidocaine is used for anesthesia in dermatologic surgery for skin cancer excision and repair with exceedingly low incidence of reported adverse events. Objective To measure (1) the quantity of lidocaine typically used for facial skin cancer excision and reconstruction; and (2) the frequency and character of associated adverse events. Methods Survey study of dermatologic surgeons with longitudinal reporting. Reported practice during 10 business days: (1) mean volume of 1% lidocaine per skin cancer excision; (2) maximum per excision; (3) mean per reconstruction; and (4) maximum per reconstruction. Results A total of 437 of 1,175 subjects contacted (37.2%) responded. Mean per excision was 3.44 mL (SD: 2.97), and reconstruction 11.70 mL (10.14). Maximum per excision was 6.54 mL (4.23), and reconstruction was 15.85 mL (10.39). No cases of lidocaine toxicity were reported, diagnosed, or treated. Incidence of adverse events possibly anesthesia related was >0.15%, with most (0.13%) being mild cases of dizziness, drowsiness, or lightheadedness from epinephrine tachycardia. Conclusion Toxicity associated with local anesthesia other than lidocaine was not studied. Volumes of lidocaine in skin cancer excision and repair are modest and within safe limits. Lidocaine toxicity is exceedingly rare to entirely absent. For comparable indications, lidocaine is safer than conscious sedation or general anesthesia.
Development of a game-design workshop to promote young girls' interest towards computing through identity exploration

Despite recent improvements, women remain underrepresented in Computer Science (CS) in both industry and higher education. Self-perception and identity play an important role in young women's opinions of careers in CS. We believe that by presenting software programming in a way that facilitates identity exploration early on, young girls will be more likely to consider careers in CS later in life. In partnership with an organization that focuses on technology education for middle school girls we developed a game design workshop in an effort to change young girls' perception of CS by increasing their knowledge of programming and empowering them to develop their own identities as computer scientists. This paper presents the results of a case study with 21 participants that was carried out to evaluate the workshop's short-term influence on young girls' attitudes towards CS. The study employed a mixed methods design, including a pre and post application of a validated survey instrument, focus-group interviews, and content analysis of games developed by the students. The pre and post surveys focused on how students' attitudes towards computing may have been influenced by their participation in the workshop; the focus-group interviews aimed to gain further insight into their workshop experience; and the content analysis of games focused on the learning outcomes of our workshop. The findings suggest that the workshop resulted in improvements in both young girls' attitudes towards CS as well as in their self-reported confidence and competence with computers. These results highlight the importance of providing positive identity exploration opportunities in shaping female students' attitudes towards CS. We investigated the impact of a game-design workshop on girls' attitudes towards computing.The workshop was designed according to the identity exploration framework.The activity included scaffolded use of professional-grade game development tools.Pre-post surveys, focus group interviews, and game content analysis were conducted for the evaluation.The results revealed that the workshop had positive influence on girls' attitudes towards computing.
ST segment elevation not associated with myocardial infarction

Case: Michael Moore is a 72-year-old man with a long-standing history of hypertension and diabetes. He came to the office with vague complaints of “I do not feel well” but specifically denies chest pain. His ECG is shown in Figure 1.
High rate of event-free survival at 24 months with everolimus/RCHOP for untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: updated results from NCCTG N1085 (Alliance).

High rate of event-free survival at 24 months with everolimus/RCHOP for untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: updated results from NCCTG N1085 (Alliance)
User Navigation in Large-Scale Distributed Digital Libraries: The Case of the Digital Public Library of America

ABSTRACTThis article presents the findings of a case study that examined user navigation in a large-scale digital library in the context of academic use. Using the Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) as a case, the study explored user navigation and understanding of a distributed model of large-scale digital libraries. The DPLA model involves two- or three-step navigation pathways. Most study participants could navigate the DPLA distributed, multilayered system effectively. This study found some confusion among the participants when they must move through a three-step process to locate digital objects provided by a metadata aggregator service hub. The study participants also pointed out the advantages of a distributed model in collocating digital resources and connecting users to a wide range of digital libraries.
Sediment–Water Surface Area Along Rivers: Water Column Versus Benthic

Aquatic ecosystems have two distinct zones: the water column and benthic zone. Although the benthic zone has received considerable attention, recent studies have found the water column capable of accounting for a majority of whole ecosystem processes in rivers. The relative role of these zones inevitably varies across a size continuum of rivers, from headwaters to large transcontinental systems. A fundamental question in aquatic science is where along this size continuum do ecosystem processes potentially shift from occurring largely in the benthic zone to largely in the water column? Sediment structures the physical template of the benthic and water column zones of rivers and the contact area between water and sediment mediates ecological, geochemical, and physical processes. High concentrations of suspended sediments are hypothesized to cause a shift from benthic to water column dominance in rivers. We developed an analytical model for the contact area between surface water and all sediment particles in benthic and water column volumes. The model was implemented with empirical data along the main stem of major US rivers. The ratio of water column to benthic sediment contact area scaled as a power function of watershed area. There was more sediment–water contact area in the water column than the benthic zone in rivers equal to or greater than 5th to 9th order depending on the river basin. This suggests material processing could be occurring largely in the water column in rivers greater than 5th order. However, dams and variation in discharge caused rivers to oscillate between water column and benthic dominance over time and space.
Linear Systems of Integral Equations

A system of integral equationsis a set of two or more integral equations in two or more unknown functions. Usually, all of the equations belonging to a system are of the same type, but this need not be the case. Since linear systems of Fredholm, Volterra, or singular integral equations occur very commonly in practice, they are the subjects of this chapter.
An approach to optimal classification

Classification of many objects is a problem which occurs both in industry and in the military. In complex industrial processes such as making plastic materials in a chemical factory, manufacturing electronics, building sensors for robots which are to be installed on the assembly line, or running nuclear plants, one is faced with an occasional failure. In order to correct it one must be able to identify a faulty component (or several) among the large number of components, by observing, often indirectly, the way the various components function. Similarly in military situations one is required to identify specific objects (e.g. ships or airplanes) among a large population of moving or still objects.
Indole-3-carbinol Inhibits Lipid Peroxidation in Cell-Free Systems

Free radicals mediate toxicological and carcinogenic responses of tissues to many chemicals. Cellular defenses against radical mediated damage utilize endogenous substances such as tocopherol, ascorbate and GSH.Here we report a new antioxidant, indole-3-carbinol (I-3-C), a natural constituent of human diet.In chlorobenzene containing soy phospholipids, lipid oxidation was initiated with azobisisobutyronitrile; I-3-C inhibited formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive material in a dose-dependent manner. Similar results were obtained in an aqueous system containing phospholipid vesicles initiated by Fe/ascorbate. For both systems I-3-C was less effective than tocopherol or BHT as antioxidant. To assess these antioxidant effects in vivo, mice were treated with I-3-C by gavage. A hepatic post-mitochondrial supernatant fraction isolated 2 hours after treatment showed dose-dependent decreases in NADPH-mediated lipid oxidation which correlated with decreases in 14C-nitrosodimethylamine covalent binding to protein. Although hepato-toxicity may not involve lipid oxidation per se, it does indicate that free radical damage had occurred. Inhibition of damage by I-3-C suggests that this dietary component has the potential to ameliorate radical mediated chemical toxicity.
Estimation for strength of ground ceramics at ambient and elevated temperature

An equation for the strength of ground ceramics has been proposed. The equation is the function of the maximum grain depth of cut g and the fracture toughness of the workpiece material, assuming that the nucleation of median crack during grinding is the same way as that in Vickers indentation test. Experimental results of the flexural strength of sintered silicon carbide ceramics ground with different kinds of grit diamond wheels under various setting conditions showed good agreement with the calculated ones. Assuming that temperature increase does not affect the size and shape of the crack, the strength of ground ceramics at elevated temperature is obtained.
Use of State Surface Approach to Explain the Barcelona Basic Model

State surface approach is becoming much less popular nowadays since many elasto-plastic modellers consider though it is useful as a simplified method in some practical problems, it can not be used to explain complex stress path dependency for unsaturated soils. Consequently, nearly all researchers used “normal compression lines at different suction levels” to develop their elasto-plastic models. In this paper, state surface approach is used to duplicate the examples given in the BBM model. All the examples under isotropic conditions can be reproduced without any programming. It is found that state surface approach, when used correctly, can bring greater convenience in explaining unsaturated soil behavior and generate better understanding of unsaturated soil behavior including stress path dependency.
Infections Related to Development of Head and Neck Cancers

Worldwide, over 550,000 new cases of head and neck cancer are diagnosed each year. Of those, approximately 119,000 are diagnosed in the United States. Head and neck cancers are predominately squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, pharynx and larynx but they can also be other types of cancers that arise within the nasal cavity, sinuses, lips, mouth, thyroid gland, skin, salivary glands and ears. These cancers often present at an advanced stage (III or IV) and require multimodal therapy with a combination of surgery, radiation and/or chemotherapy. Alcohol and smoking are established risk factors for these cancers that increase risk independently (with tobacco exposure conveying a higher risk) and synergistically. Other important causes of head and neck cancers are infectious microbes, including but not limited to human papilloma virus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Merkel Cell Polyomavirus. The majority of this chapter will cover HPV and its implication for the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), especially within the oropharynx.
Langmuir's Theory of Adsorption: A Centennial Review.

The 100th anniversary of Langmuir’s theory of adsorption is a significant landmark for the physical chemistry and chemical engineering communities. Despite its simplicity, the Langmuir adsorption model captures the key physics of molecular interactions at interfaces and laid the foundation for further progress in understanding interfacial phenomena, developing new adsorbent materials, and designing engineering processes. The Langmuir model has had an exceptional impact on diverse fields within the chemical sciences (ranging from chemical biology to materials science), an impact that became clearer with the development of modified adsorption theories and continues to be relevant today.
Effect of variable porosity on laminar convection in a uniformly heated vertical porous channel

Die vorliegende Untersuchung befast sich mit einer voll entwickelten Mischkonvektionsstromung in einem vertikalen Kanal. Die seitlichen Anderungen der Porositat und der Temperaturleitfahigkeit in dem Bett in Wandnahe werden durch Exponentialfunktion angenahert. Die Beziehung zwischen Permeabilitat und Porositat sind durch eine Kozney-Carman Approximation aufgestellt. Die eindimensionale Impulsgleichung fur niedrige Geschwindigkeiten mit gemitteltem Volumen nach Vafai wird fur die Analyse des Problems herangezogen. Ergebnisse werden fur stetiges Heizen des aufsteigenden kalten Fluids und fur stetiges Kuhlen des aufsteigenden heisen Fluids erhalten. Fur die oben genannten physikalischen Vorgange wird festgestellt, das die Warmeubertragungsrate und der Reibbeiwert mit dem Ansteigen des PorositatsParameters zunehmen, wohingegen die Stoffubertragungsrate mit Ansteigen des Porositats-Parameters sinkt. Die Geschwindigkeitsprofile zeigen hydrodynamische Kanalbildung auf und die Maximalgeschwindigkeit verschiebt sich in Richtung der Wand fur einen groseren Porositats-Parameter. Mit zunehmender Rayleigh-Zahl bei stetigem Heizen des aufsteigenden kalten Fluids steigen die Warmeubertragungs- und Stoffubertragungsraten an, wahrend der Reibbeiwert sinkt. Eine entgegengesetzte Tendenz wird fur den Fall des stetigen Kuhlens des aufsteigenden heisen Fluids festgestellt.
Antibacterial effect of N‐acetylcysteine in combination with antimicrobials on common canine otitis externa bacterial isolates

Background Approved treatments for canine otitis externa are limited in variety and may contain ototoxic ingredients. With bacterial resistance an ongoing concern, it would be ideal if non-ototoxic agents combined with antibiotics resulted in a synergistic effect, requiring lower antibiotic concentrations to treat infections. Evidence of synergism and antagonism between N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and various antibiotic classes has been reported; the present research group was interested in examining these interactions. Hypothesis/objectives To determine if NAC, an otoprotective and antimicrobial compound, has synergistic activity when combined with enrofloxacin or gentamicin in vitro against bacterial isolates causing canine otitis externa. Animals Twenty-two isolates from canine clinical cases of otitis externa were identified and tested, including seven Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, 12 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and three Corynebacterium spp. isolates. Methods and materials Each isolate was grown on blood agar for 24 h and transferred to Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB), with a final concentration of 5 × 105 cfu/mL. Each well was inoculated with 50 μL of bacterial suspension. N-acetylcysteine was diluted in MHB to a starting concentration of 160 mg/mL. Enrofloxacin and gentamicin were diluted to 64 μg/mL. Individual and checkerboard serial microdilution assays were performed in triplicate with negative controls for all isolates tested. Results Interactions observed for NAC and enrofloxacin were synergistic (4.5%), indifferent (77.3%) or antagonistic (18.2%). Interactions observed for NAC and gentamicin were synergistic (4.5%), indifferent (45.5%) or antagonistic (50%). Conclusions and clinical relevance Most interactions between NAC and enrofloxacin or gentamicin were indifferent or antagonistic at the concentrations tested in vitro.
Standardized Environment for Monitoring Heterogeneous Architectures

Increasingly diverse architectures and operating systems continue to emerge in the HPC industry. As such, HPC centers are becoming more heterogeneous which introduces a variety of challenges for system administrators. Monitoring a wide array of different platforms by itself is difficult, but the problem compounds in an environment where new platforms are frequently added. Creating a standard monitoring environment across these platforms that allows for simple administration with minimal setup becomes necessary in such situations.This paper presents the solutions introduced in the HPC Development department at Sandia National Laboratories to meet these challenges. This includes our adoption of a multi-stage data-collection pipeline across our clusters that is implemented from the ground up with our Golden Image. We also discuss our infrastructure to support a heterogeneous environment and activities in progress to improve our center. These advances simplify system standup and make monitoring integration easier and faster for new systems which is necessary for our center’s domain.
Differences in Tonsillectomy Use by Race/Ethnicity and Type of Health Insurance Before and After the 2011 Tonsillectomy Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Objective To evaluate whether differences in pediatric tonsillectomy use by race/ethnicity and type of insurance were impacted by the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery's 2011 tonsillectomy clinical practice guidelines. Study design We included children aged Results The average annual tonsillectomy rate was greater among non-Hispanic white children (66 procedures per 10 000 children) than non-Hispanic black (38 procedures per 10 000 children) or Hispanic children (41 procedures per 10 000 children) (P Conclusions Tonsillectomy use is greatest among white and publicly insured children. However, the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery's 2011 clinical practice guideline statement was associated with an immediate decrease and change in use trends in these groups, narrowing differences in utilization by race/ethnicity and type of insurance.
Irredentist Propaganda “Baedeker Style:” Anna Franchi’s and Willy Dias’ Nationalist Geographical Fantasy

This article analyzes how Anna Franchi and Willy Dias (Fortuna Morpurgo) utilized the language of tourism in their irredentist writings during the first two years of World War I. I look at how they adopted specific features of travel guidebooks to create a nationalistic geographical fantasy. I argue that the two authors’ similar approaches have the same two-fold goal: to teach about the geography, history, and even the existence of the contended areas; to induce their readers to “imagine” the nation (in Benedict Anderson’s terms) as a community ideally united, within and beyond the state’s borders, by a common cultural, linguistic, geographical and ethnic heritage. Inspired by Risorgimento ideology and by irredentist historians, Dias and Franchi rooted such heritage in Greek and Roman history and myth and in the Venetian identity of the contended lands. I show how, through discursive strategies of inclusion/exclusion, Dias and Franchi represented the Mediterranean civilization as antithetic to German and Slavic “barbarism.” Drawing upon the work of historians of the Adriatic Littoral, I place Dias’ and Franchi’s works in the broader context of the history of the representation of the contended provinces in irredentist discourse. Through the lens of the Sociology of Tourism, and the Semiotics of Tourism I look at how the two authors produced an ideologized vision of landscape.
‘Green-gional’ anesthesia: further considerations

We would like to thank Drs. Ozelsel, Ip, and Sondekoppam for their interest[1][1] in our manuscript (“Green-gional” anesthesia: the non-polluting benefits of regional anesthesia to decrease greenhouse gases and attenuate climate change).[2][2] We appreciate their work in this area[3 4][3] and
Transposición congénitamente corregida de grandes arterias en adultos asintomáticos diagnosticada circunstancialmente por ecocardiografía. Casos clínicos

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries is a rare congenital anomaly that can remain asymptomatic until adulthood, especially when there are no other associated congenital anomalies. We report two patients in their sixth decade of life with corrected transposition of the great arteries incidentally diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography in a preventive medical check-up. The complementary use of cardiac computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis.
The Litigation Landscape of Fraternity and Sorority Hazing: Defenses, Evidence, and Damages

In this article, we explore the various approaches to litigation defense that may be employed—e.g., the role of the insurance industry, arbitration and its pitfalls, assumption of risk, comparative fault, contributory negligence, and consent. We also explore evidentiary matters—e.g., poems and songs, signs and symbols, social media, organizational culture, how discovery devices may be used, and the role of expert witnesses. Lastly, we explore damages—general, actual, punitive, and the difficulty of collecting them.
FIVE DEBRIS DISKS NEWLY REVEALED IN SCATTERED LIGHT FROM THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE NICMOS ARCHIVE

We have spatially resolved five debris disks (HD 30447, HD 35841, HD 141943, HD 191089, and HD 202917) for the first time in near-infrared scattered light by reanalyzing archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/NICMOS coronagraphic images obtained between 1999 and 2006. One of these disks (HD 202917) was previously resolved at visible wavelengths using the HST/Advanced Camera for Surveys. To obtain these new disk images, we performed advanced point-spread function subtraction based on the Karhunen-Lo?ve Image Projection algorithm on recently reprocessed NICMOS data with improved detector artifact removal (Legacy Archive PSF Library And Circumstellar Environments (LAPLACE) Legacy program). Three of the disks (HD 30447, HD 35841, and HD 141943) appear edge-on, while the other two (HD 191089 and HD 202917) appear inclined. The inclined disks have been sculpted into rings; in particular, the disk around HD 202917 exhibits strong asymmetries. All five host stars are young (8-40 Myr), nearby (40-100?pc) F and G stars, and one (HD 141943) is a close analog to the young Sun during the epoch of terrestrial planet formation. Our discoveries increase the number of debris disks resolved in scattered light from 19 to 23 (a 21% increase). Given their youth, proximity, and brightness (V = 7.2-8.5), these targets are excellent candidates for follow-up investigations of planet formation at visible wavelengths using the HST/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph coronagraph, at near-infrared wavelengths with the Gemini Planet Imager and Very Large Telescope/SPHERE, and at thermal infrared wavelengths with the James Webb Space Telescope NIRCam and MIRI coronagraphs.
[CME: Rare Clinical Presentation of Bacterial Meningitis].

Zusammenfassung. Wir berichten uber die Diagnose und den klinischen Verlauf bei einer 59-jahrigen Patientin mit seit drei Tagen bestehender wasseriger Rhinorrho, leichtem Husten und neu aufgetreten...
Student Performance In A Quantitative Methods Course Under Online And Face-To-Face Delivery

In a study conducted at a large public university, the authors assessed, for an upper-division quantitative methods business core course, the impact of delivery method (online versus face-toface) on the success rate (percentage of enrolled students earning a grade of A, B, or C in the course). The success rate of the 161 online students was 55.3%, significantly lower (p = .000) than that (72.6%) of the 212 face-to-face students. Both students with a strong (A or B) grade in the lower-division statistics prerequisite and students with a weak (C or D) grade in the prerequisite had a significantly lower (by approximately 17 percentage points) success rate under online delivery than under face-to-face delivery. The study is contrasted with prior studies on the relative effectiveness of different modes of course delivery. Implications of the study’s findings are discussed.
Curriculum learning for language modeling.

Language Models like ELMo and BERT have provided robust representations of natural language, which serve as the language understanding component for a diverse range of downstream tasks.Curriculum learning is a method that employs a structured training regime instead, which has been leveraged in computer vision and machine translation to improve model training speed and model performance. While language models have proven transformational for the natural language processing community, these models have proven expensive, energy-intensive, and challenging to train. In this work, we explore the effect of curriculum learning on language model pretraining using various linguistically motivated curricula and evaluate transfer performance on the GLUE Benchmark. Despite a broad variety of training methodologies and experiments we do not find compelling evidence that curriculum learning methods improve language model training.
Heritable shifts in redox metabolites during mitochondrial quiescence reprogramme progeny metabolism.

Changes in maternal diet and metabolic defects in mothers can profoundly affect health and disease in their progeny. However, the biochemical mechanisms that induce the initial reprogramming events at the cellular level have remained largely unknown owing to limitations in obtaining pure populations of quiescent oocytes. Here, we show that the precocious onset of mitochondrial respiratory quiescence causes a reprogramming of progeny metabolic state. The premature onset of mitochondrial respiratory quiescence drives the lowering of Drosophila oocyte NAD+ levels. NAD+ depletion in the oocyte leads to reduced methionine cycle production of the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine in embryos and lower levels of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation, resulting in enhanced intestinal lipid metabolism in progeny. In addition, we show that triggering cellular quiescence in mammalian cells and chemotherapy-resistant human cancer cell models induces cellular reprogramming events identical to those seen in Drosophila, suggesting a conserved metabolic mechanism in systems reliant on quiescent cells. Hocaoglu et al. find a conserved shift in redox metabolites in fly oocytes and mammalian cells in response to mitochondrial respiratory quiescence that leads to reprogramming of progeny metabolism.
The School FOIA Project: Uncovering Racial Disparities in School Discipline and How to Respond

Since 1984, Illinois has had a Freedom of Information Act law on the books that allows anyone—including educational advocates—to request public records. This creates a useful avenue to access and review records for any public entity, including public school districts. This Article proposes that FOIA creates a powerful pathway for educational advocates to request information from school districts that can be tailored to drive reforms. This Article uses a case study focused on racial disparities in school disciplinary actions to illustrate how any educational advocate could use FOIA to obtain the relevant information to create data-driven arguments to advocate for change. This Article offers a blueprint for other advocates, examining what information is accessible, how to access it, and what to do once the information is received. Ultimately, this Article aims to inspire other advocates to recognize the tool that is the Illinois FOIA law and to enable those advocates to add FOIA to their toolkits for educational change.
Triplet State Properties from Phosphorescence Microwave Double Resonance Studies

The production of the state of spin alignment of molecules in the lowest triplet state at low temperatures is discussed. The conditions under which microwave, radiation of resonance frequencies with the zerofield (zf) transitions of these molecules would result in an observed change in the phosphorescence intensity are specified. The basic equations relating these intensity changes to unimolecular rate constants are derived. The application of phosphorescence-microwave double resonance (PMDR) spectroscopy to determine the different properties of the triplet state is summarized. A new and convenient magnetic axis system for discussing the zf levels of π, π* triplet states is introduced. The more recent applications of PMDR in determining triplet state geometry as well as the mechanisms of inter- and intramolecular energy transfer processes are discussed in detail.
Computer Control of Multiple Loads

This paper reviews briefly some history of the control of voltage, current and power in alternating current circuits as applied to industrial equipment and processes. The technique of phase angle firing of thyristors (SCR's) is shown and some non-linearities are discussed. The evolution of digital techniques and their entry into the analog world of industrial processes is reviewed. A specific controller is described in some detail and shown to be accurate, versatile and robust. Finally it is sbown that an auxillary computer can be used to control multiple outputs by time sharing basic command functions.
Effort instrumentation and management in service delivery environments

Driving productivity transformations in services organizations must be a data-driven exercise. We develop a methodology that exploits effort-data analysis in order to drive productivity optimization initiatives with solid business cases and action plans. A services factory model is applied to a service provider organization to monitor where and how time is spent by the service staff. The results are used to identify and rank productivity optimizing initiatives. We illustrate how our methodology is applied to a real IT service delivery environment.
Disciplining the Ethical Couponer: A Foucauldian Analysis of Online Interactions

As the internet becomes increasingly important in establishing identities and social networks, it becomes a mechanism for social control. We apply the components of Foucault’s means of corrective training — hierarchical observation , normalizing judgment , and examination —to the comments section of a popular couponing blog to analyze tactics participants use to discipline each other’s couponing behaviors. We find Foucault’s framework applicable with some modification. Participants use discursive techniques to establish hierarchical surveillance however hierarchies are not upheld throughout the interactions, making lateral surveillance more applicable. Participants engage in normalizing judgment by critiquing and correcting “deviant” behavior and positively reinforcing “good” behavior. The blog itself mirrors the examination; as the blog master describes activities, participants try them, and return to the site to report their results, which can then be compared to others. These findings illustrate online interactions as a mechanism of informal social surveillance and control.
Removal of Acetaldehyde from the Body

The reduction of acetaldehyde back to ethanol via NAD-linked alcohol dehydrogenase is an important mechanism for keeping acetaldehyde levels low following ethanol ingestion. However, this does not remove acetaldehyde from the body, but just delays its eventual removal. Acetaldehyde is removed from the body primarily by oxidation to acetate via a number of NAD-linked aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzymes. There are nineteen known ALDHs in humans, but only a few of them appear to be involved in acetaldehyde oxidation. There are many analogous enzymes in other organisms. Genetic polymorphisms of several ALDHs have been identified in humans that are responsible for several hereditary defects in the metabolism of normal endogenous substrates. The best known ALDH genetic polymorphism is in ALDH2 gene, which encodes a mitochondrial enzyme primarily responsible for the oxidation of the ethanol-derived acetaldehyde. This common polymorphism is known to dominantly inhibit its enzymatic activity resulting in reduced ability to clear acetaldehyde in both homozygote and heterozygote individuals. These individuals are generally protected against alcohol abuse but are susceptible to oesophageal cancer. For those enzymes that are capable of reacting with acetaldehyde, they may do so at the expense of their normal substrates, resulting in abnormal accumulation of these substrates. Examples of this are the aldehydes of the biogenic amines, dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, serotonin and long chain lipid aldehydes such as nonenal. Not all of these enzymes are capable of efficient oxidation of acetaldehyde; however, it is possible that acetaldehyde may function as an inhibitor of these enzymes as well. The aldehydes whose metabolism is interfered with may also serve as inhibitors of ALDHs as well. However, this aspect of aldehyde function has not been extensively studied. A number of other mechanisms for the removal of acetaldehyde exist. For example, reaction of acetaldehyde with protein or nucleic acids is responsible for the disappearance of a small amount of acetaldehyde, but may be responsible for some pathological effects of acetaldehyde. There are a few other enzymes such as aldehyde oxidase, xanthine oxidase, cytochrome P450 oxidase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase that are capable of oxidizing acetaldehyde. However, these enzymes account for only a small fraction of the total activity.
Two-photon Fluorescence Light Microscopy

Two-photon fluorescence microscopy allows three-dimensional imaging of biological specimens in vivo. Compared with confocal microscopy, it offers the advantages of deeper tissue penetration and less photodamage but has the disadvantage of slightly lower resolution. Keywords: two-photon; microscopy; tissue optics; fluorescence
Uses of Websites for Effective Real Estate Marketing

Executive Summary. The Internet is quickly becoming the place where customers first look to buy products and services. The real estate brokerage industry is no exception. Whether relocating across ...
Thermodynamic properties in the liquid state of high melting polymers containing phenylene and naphthylene groups

High melting polymers of three different types of crystallization behavior were analyzed as to their thermal properties. The heat capacity at constant pressure of liquid poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) from 490 to 540 K was measured by scanning calorimetry. Combining with prior measured liquid heat capacity data of poly(oxy-1,4-phenylene) (PO) (358 – 620 K), poly-(thio-1,4-phenylene) (PPS) (540 – 600 K), poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate) (PEN) (400 – 450 K, 530 – 600 K), an addition scheme for liquid heat capacities was constructed. In addition, the thermodynamic functions H and S have been calculated for those five polymers. The absolute, molar, residual entropy for the glassy state at zero kelvin is estimated to be 6,6,15,2, 7,48, 5,70, and 19,9 J/(K · mol) for PPS, PEN, PPO, PO, and PBT, respectively. Another two polymers with similar structure, poly(1,4-oxybenzoic acid) (POB) and poly(2,6-oxynaphthoic acid) (PON), were also studied in their high temperature mesophase states. A test of the addition scheme has been made to predict their heat capacities.
Effects of aquatic exposure to the insecticide carbaryl are species-specific across life stages and mediated by heterospecific competitors in anurans

Summary 1. Understanding the direct and indirect mechanisms by which anthropogenic stressors interact with species and communities is central to understanding ecology in a modern world. Pesticides have been implicated in amphibian declines worldwide, but no mechanism has yet been identified. 2. We tested the hypotheses that exposure to the insecticide carbaryl (2 mg/L) would mediate competitive outcomes between larvae of two anuran species (Bufo americanus, American toads and Rana pipiens, northern leopard frogs), and that post-exposure effects would carry over to affect juveniles in the terrestrial environment. 3. These hypotheses were tested in controlled mesocosm experiments. Toad survival decreased with insecticide exposure and presence of heterospecific competitors, relative to low-density controls. However, when exposed to the insecticide, toads experienced the greatest survival when leopard frogs were present. Larval period of toads was lengthened by carbaryl exposure and high density of conspecifics. Leopard frog survival was reduced only by high conspecific density, and larval period was shortened by carbaryl exposure. There were no significant effects of the insecticide on periphyton abundance, although phytoplankton abundance increased and zooplankton abundance decreased after exposure. 4. A subset of metamorphs of each species from each aquatic treatment was added to 2 × 2 m terrestrial enclosures to evaluate larval treatment effects on overwinter survival and growth. Despite differences in initial mass of this subset of metamorphs, mass at spring emergence was not significantly affected by any aquatic treatment for either species. However, leopard frog survival to and mass at spring emergence benefited from larger mass at metamorphosis, while toads appeared unaffected. 5. These results suggest that while tadpoles sharing a habitat may experience reduced survival from competition, the presence of multiple amphibian species may ameliorate the effects of pesticide exposure. 6. More generally, maintaining diversity may benefit ecological communities by reducing the impacts of anthropogenic threats to certain taxa.
Migration costs, commuting costs and intercity population sorting

Abstract We study the effects of reducing intercity commuting time on urbanization process — from Suburb to Metropolis — that is driven by a technological advantage held by the Metropolis. In each period, a new generation of workers that are heterogeneous with respect to ability is born. Workers can migrate and commute to work between the cities at given migration cost, commuting costs, and commuting time. In equilibrium migration is unidirectional, where the migrants are the most able workers of the Suburb. Suburb workers with moderate ability commute to work in the Metropolis and the least able work in the Suburb. We show that reducing commuting time can moderate, stop, or reverse the migration process. In the latter case the economy switches from a growing to a declining path of aggregate and per-capita output. Yet, for low commuting cost, reducing commuting time always increases long-term total production. Nevertheless, workers who reside and work in the Suburb suffer from commuting-time reduction due to increase in the Suburb's housing price, while all other workers in the economy gain.
Anomalous angular distributions and the unique structure of the l=1 transition amplitude

The anomalous l=1 angular distributions found in heavy-ion-induced single-particle transfer reactions have been studied. The existence of a simple but special form of the l=1 transition amplitude is pointed out. The sensitivity of this transition amplitude to the geometry of the exist-channel distorting potential is demonstrated and a possible explanation of the observed anomalies in terms of this sensitivity is discussed. (AIP)
Mapping cyborg bodies, shifting identities, and national anxieties in Cyber Wars

AbstractCyber Wars (2004) is Singapore's first science fiction feature film and one of the very few science fiction films to emerge from Southeast Asia. Set in Sintawan, a dystopic Asian city-state, the film showcases humans who have access to a range of technologies that can alter identity, restructure the organic body, or produce a virtual body. In twenty-first century Sintawan, all communication and financial data transactions are recorded by the Cyberlink, a virtual system that also serves as a repository for the identities of all legalized citizens. I argue that Cyber Wars, through its shifting cyborg bodies and its Chinese-infused Cyberlink, examines a key socio-cultural dilemma confronting contemporary Singapore. Namely, that the rise of China within the global marketplace raises uncomfortable questions of Singapore's own, very ambivalent, transnational Chinese identity in Southeast Asia.
Detecting the Malingering of Cognitive Deficits: An Update

There has recently been a dramatic increase of empirical studies that investigate methods for detecting malingering of cognitive deficits. The present review focuses on a comparison of simulated and suspected malingerers in the malingering literature, and critiques the numerous approaches to the detection of malingering. The approaches that are reviewed include detection of floor effects, discrepancies of information, response bias, neuropsychological tests and batteries, symptom validity testing, and anomalous performance on memory tests. The latter approach has only recently been proposed by researchers and may show the most promise.