cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Prenatal cocaine exposure and cardiometabolic disease risk factors in 18- to 20-year-old African Americans

Objective: The long-term effects of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) on physical health are largely unknown. No human studies support or refute a relationship between PCE and the long-term risk for cardiovascu­lar and/or metabolic disease. We investi­gated the association of PCE on primary car­diometabolic disease risk factors in African Americans (AA) aged 18 to 20 years. Design: Cohort, longitudinal, prospective. Setting: Miami-Dade County, Florida, and the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Jackson Memorial Medical Center. Participants: Healthy full-term inner-city AA adolescents (aged 18 to 20 years, N =350) previously enrolled at birth from 1990-1993. Main Outcome Measures: Fasting serum insulin, glucose, lipids, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; systolic and diastolic blood pressures; and the components and prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. Results: There were no PCE-associated differences in cardiometabolic disease risk factors including the metabolic syndrome and its individual components in AAs aged 18 to 20 years. Conclusions: The results of our study do not support an association between PCE and increased cardiometabolic disease risk in AAs aged 18 to 20 years. Whether PCE is associated with cardiovascular or metabolic disease in adulthood would require further investigation. Ethn Dis. 2015;25(4):419- 426; doi:10.18865/ed.25.4.419
Effect of pregnenolone, progesterone, and derived metabolites on mammary gland growth in rats.

SummaryCompounds in a steroidogenetic pathway (pregnenolone → progesterone (P) → 17α-hydroxyprogesterone → androstenedione → testosterone propionate) were tested to determine their mammogenic effectiveness (as determined by desoxyribosenucleic (DNA) measurement) in ovariectomized rat when injected with estradiol benzoate (EB). Results indicated that EB plus P produced greatest total mammary gland DNA. EB plus pregnenolone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione or testosterone propionate produced 29.0%, 26.5%, 35.8%, and 33.0% of DNA produced by EB plus P over that produced by injection of EB alone.
A Stochastic Scheduler for Integrated Arrival, Departure, and Surface Operations in Los Angeles

In terminal airspace, integrating arrivals, departures, and surface operations with competing resources provides the potential of improving operational efficiency by removing barriers between different operations. This work develops a centralized stochastic scheduler for operations in a terminal area including airborne and surface operations using Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm and Monte Carlo simulations. The scheduler handles completing resources between different flows, such as runway allocations, runway crossing, departure fixes, and other interaction way points between arrivals and departures. Meanwhile, the scheduler also takes time-varied uncertainties into account when optimizing schedules. The scheduler is run sequentially to identify the best and robust schedule for the next planning window. Resulting schedules decide the routes, speed or delays, and runway assignments with separation constraints at mergingdiverging waypoints in the air and crossing and separations on runways. The Los Angels terminal area was used as an example. The implementation of this stochastic scheduler for integrated arrival, departure and surface operations is completed. And several preliminary runs are finished for over 1,200 flights in LAX in a typical day. Sensitivity studies on various planning window sizes are presented, which shows that trade-off exits between planning window size and achievable minimum delay. Preliminary results on runway usage are also presented in this abstract. Because arrivals on the outer runways have to be followed by crossings on the inner runways, algorithmic runway allocation prefers inner runways for arrivals and outer runways for departures. More results will be presented in the final paper. And current terminal arrival and departure procedures based on first-come-first-serve procedure will also be set up and used as a baseline for comparison.
Differential Effects of Three College Instructional Approaches on Personality Traits of Beginning Elementary Teachers

THE PURPOSE of this study was to determine whether either of two experimental m et hod s of in structing elementary teachers during part of their college training, as contrasted to a traditional in structional method, tend to produce certain differ ential personality changes in these teachers0 The assumption was made2 that the methods of teaching experienced by prospective elementary teachers while they were in college would influence their sub sequent classroom communication behavior. As a peripheral investigation associated with the major study, it was hypothesized that this influence would be reflected also by basic personality changes in these elementary teachers.
Presidential War Power in the Deliberative Moment - An Empirical Study of Congressional Constitutional Deliberation and Balance of War Power

This paper examines how congressional deliberation over the constitutionality of a use of force affects the war power relationship between the president and Congress. In particular, it presents empirical data on whether and how Congress exerts its attempts to control presidential war power through deliberation, on the limits of congressional ability to regulate a war, on historical patterns of the presidential unilateral use of force, and on the institutional conditions for good congressional deliberation. My main argument is that congressional deliberation over the constitutionality of a use of force is a primary influence on Congress’s ability to exert its will through the passage of legislation to check the president’s use of force. I focus on congressional floor debates recorded in the Congressional Record (1989-2009) over different use of force events occurring from 1989 to 2003. These incidents are collected from the Correlates of War Project Dataset. I cluster 229 congressional deliberations on the constitutionality of the use of force and bills thereof into 14 military events according to the war timeline depicted by the Correlates of War Project Dataset. In response to the main research question, I present three empirical models. The first empirical model demonstrates that a higher level of congressional deliberation over a use of force influences Congress to impose a higher level of control over presidential war power. The second model demonstrates that as long as Congress imposes control over a military deployment, the president systematically resists that control. Although the second model demonstrates that congressional attempts to check presidential war power cannot prevent the president from taking unilateral military action, I argue that this result suggests that it is even more important for Congress to have better deliberation and to try to impose a check on the president, which can create an unequivocal legal and political accountability for the president. Therefore, I present the third empirical model to demonstrate that congressional rule-setting, including referral of a bill to committee, an adoption of open-rule floor debate, and deliberation over a non-annual budget bill, is the primary factor determining the quality of congressional deliberation.
Effects of Y on Microstructure and Properties of As-Extruded Mg-5Li Alloys

With the protection of surface covering agents and argon protection,the M g-5Li-x Y( x = 0,1,2,3,4) alloys were prepared by conventional casting methods. The effects of rare earth on microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-extruded alloys were investigated. The results showed that the RE compound M g24Y5 generated after adding Y into the M g-5Li alloy. The dynamic recrystallization arose during the hot extrusion process,leading to a large number of equiaxed grains appeared. The dispersive distribution of M g24Y5 phase hindered the grow th of the grains during the dynamic recrystallization,which led to the grain refinement. The as-extruded M g-5Li-3Y alloy achieved the best mechanical property : the tensile strength and elongation reached up to 231. 63 M Pa and 9. 35%,respectively. The fracture mode of the alloy is mainly ductile fracture.
Is There a Research Design Role for Sensitivity Analysis (SA) in Archaeological Modeling

The absence of sensitivity analysis (SA) in archaeological predictive modeling, and indeed in contemporary archaeological research design generally, places the discipline in stark contrast to other disciplines routinely employing such approaches. The lack of routinized use of SA diminishes credibility of model outcomes, and without it, loci of model uncertainty remain undetermined—whether attributable to parameterization or other model elements. This essay explores the nature of archaeological modeling goals, the constraints of archaeological data and the impact on uncertainty, and, finally, the potential position and role of SA in archaeological research design. In particular, issues of the tandem application of environmental and sociobehavioral modeling are addressed. It is argued that simplification of both models and expectations may well result in enhanced ability to effectively employ SA in archaeological modeling enterprises, and bolster outcome confidence.
Dynamic balance of excitation and inhibition rapidly modulates spike probability and precision in feed-forward hippocampal circuits

Feed-forward inhibitory (FFI) circuits are important for many information-processing functions, yet how dynamic changes in excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance during spike bursts influence FFI circ...
Perioperative Risk in Patients With Epilepsy Undergoing Total Joint Arthroplasty

Abstract Background Epilepsies is a spectrum of brain disorders ranging from severe, life threatening, and disabling to more benign, but little is known about its impact in the perioperative arthroplasty setting. We sought to determine whether epileptic patients undergoing elective total joint arthroplasty (TJA) would be at increased risk for in-hospital complications and death, prolonged stay, and nonroutine discharge. Methods Using discharge records from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2002-2011), we identified 6,054,344 patients undergoing elective primary TJA, of whom 31,865 (0.5%) were identified as having epilepsy. Comparisons of perioperative outcomes were performed by multivariable logistic regression modeling. Results Patients with epilepsy were associated with increased in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.57-2.62) and morbidity, including (in decreasing order of magnitude of effect estimate): mechanical ventilation (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.56-1.94), induced mental disorder (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.56-1.85), stroke (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.23-2.15), pneumonia (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.21-1.49), and ileus or gastrointestinal events (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.12-1.42). Epilepsy was associated with higher risk for blood transfusion (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.27-1.33), prolonged hospital stay (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.11-1.17), and nonroutine discharge (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.50-1.58). We found no association with inpatient thromboembolic events, acute renal failure, and myocardial infarction. Conclusion Patients with epilepsy are at increased risk for early postoperative complications (especially mechanical ventilation, induced mental disorder, and stroke) and resource utilization after elective joint arthroplasty. Greater awareness of epilepsy and its health consequences may contribute to improvements in the perioperative management of TJA patients.
Facial bone reconstruction with prefabricated vascularized calvarium flaps in children and young adults: Advantages and long-term results.

Abstract Introduction Reconstruction of facial bone defects in children is challenging. The use of well-vascularized bone is mandatory to obtain stable lasting results. This study reports our experience of facial bone reconstruction using prefabricated vascularized calvarium flaps. Methods Retrospective case series of 50 patients who underwent 52 maxillary, malar, and mandibular reconstructions between 1988 and 2014 using prefabricated vascularized calvarium flaps. Forty-nine patients suffered from noma sequels; one patient had craniofacial cleft Tessier 3–11. Surgery consisted of a two-step procedure beginning with flap delay and prelamination with skin grafting on the galea. Flap harvest followed at least 2 weeks later (range, 2–16 weeks), including a full-thickness calvarium fragment, which was set into the facial defect. Results Early complications concerned wound healing and infections requiring surgical revision in six patients at the recipient and six at the donor site. There was one flap loss. Clinical long-term assessment at 15-year median follow-up (range, 1–27 years) showed good results, assuring facial height and contour. Radiological long-term results demonstrated excellent integration of the flap to the adjacent facial skeleton of the growing child. Conclusions Prefabricated vascularized calvarium flaps are an effective, safe and lasting method for reconstruction of facial bone defects in children.
Endoscopic management of congenital cholesteatoma

Congenital cholesteatomas are epithelial cell rests found within the middle ear or mastoid that are present behind an intact tympanic membrane. Typically found early in life, these expansile skin cysts can result in conductive hearing loss by impeding or eroding the ossicular chain. If left unaddressed, congenital cholesteatoma can result in erosion of the bony labyrinth, tegmen, or facial nerve resulting in significant patient morbidity. Surgical removal of congenital cholesteatoma is recommended, preferably when the lesions are small. When considering a surgical approach for the removal of congenital cholesteatoma, surgeons should consider the size and location of the lesion as well as the extent of expected reconstruction. Transcanal endoscopic ear surgery can successfully be used to manage congenital cholesteatoma limited to the tympanic cavity. Patient features that favor an endoscopic approach include a circumscribed, unruptured congenital cholesteatoma, intact external auditory canal wall, and absence of secondary complications such as labyrinthine fistula, middle fossa extension, or facial nerve paresis. We describe our endoscopic operative approach to remove congenital cholesteatoma and also highlight effective methods of tympanic reconstruction.
Beyond the Sandwich: From Feedback to Clinical Coaching for Residents as Teachers

Introduction Senior trainees (residents) are poised to be unique effectors of clinical feedback. While several curricula are available to teach residents to give or elicit feedback, our curriculum ...
Encouraging Participation in Face-to-Face Lectures: The Index Card Technique.

Courses: This activity will work in any face-to-face communication lecture course.Objectives: By the end of the semester in a face-to-face lecture class, every student will have engaged in verbal discussion.
On the substrate contribution to the back action trapping of plasmonic nanoparticles on resonant near-field traps in plasmonic films.

Nanoparticles trapped on resonant near-field apertures/engravings carved in plasmonic films experience optical forces due to the steep intensity gradient field of the aperture/engraving as well as the image like interaction with the substrate. For non-resonant nanoparticles the contribution of the substrate interaction to the trapping force in the vicinity of the trap (aperture/engraving) mode is negligible. But, in the case of plasmonic nanoparticles, the contribution of the substrate interaction to the low frequency stable trapping mode of the coupled particle-trap system increases as their resonance is tuned to the trap resonance. The strength of the substrate interaction depends on the height of the nanoparticle above the substrate. As a result, a difference in back action mechanism arises for nanoparticle displacements perpendicular to the substrate and along it. For nanoparticle displacements perpendicular to the substrate, the self induced back action component of the trap force arises due to changing interaction with the substrate as well as the trap. On the other hand, for displacements along the substrate, it arises solely due to the changing interaction with the trap. This additional contribution of the substrate leads to more pronounced back action. Numerical simulation results are presented to illustrate these effects using a bowtie engraving as the near-field trap and a nanorod as the trapped plasmonic nanoparticle. The substrate’s role may be important in manipulation of plasmonic nanoparticles between successive traps of on-chip optical conveyor belts, because they have to traverse over regions of bare substrate while being handed off between these traps.
Use of electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy in robotic pulmonary resection

Robotic resection of pulmonary lesions has become a more common approach in the field of thoracic surgery. The greatest drawback of robotic resection is the lack of tactile feedback as compared to open approaches, making identification of intrapulmonary lesion difficult. Electromagnetic navigational bronchoscopy (navibronch) enables pre-incisional marking of pulmonary lesions for intraoperative identification. We sought to determine how effective navibronch was in our institution’s robotic cases. Thirty-one patients underwent robotically assisted resection of 35 lesions with the assistance of navibronch from 7/2014 to 9/2015. Retrospective demographic and operative data were collected on these patients, and statistical analysis was conducted using ANOVA means testing, Chi-square, and non-parametric tests. The average age in this patient population was 63.7 ± 13.5 years. Eight patients (25.8%) were male. Twenty-five (80.6%) of the patients had pathology involving one lobe, with six (19.4%) in two lobes. 34 of the resections (97.1%) resulted in dye being localized to the first specimen; 34 (97.1%) were found to have the target pathology in the initial specimen. Further resection was carried out in 22 (62.9%) cases, with the final resection resulting in a segment in 2 (5.7%) and a lobe in 14 (40.0%). The mean number of lung specimens collected was 1.94 ± 0.13. The mean number of tumors in each target resection was 1.46 ± 0.66 in final pathology. Malignancy was found in 19 (54.3%) of final specimens. There were no complications related to navibronch. Navibronch is an effective technique in the identification and localization of pulmonary lesions in robotically assisted lung resections.
Aspirin use is associated with decreased radiologically-determined thrombus sac volume in abdominal aortic aneurysms

Introduction Formation and renewal of intramural thrombus is associated with inflammation, and contributes to the complexity of aneurysm repair. Current cardiovascular pharmacotherapy includes several inflammatory modulators such as aspirin, statins, clopidogrel, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of these inflammatory modulators on radiographically-determined thrombus sac volume. Methods Pre-operative computed tomography scans were reviewed in patients who underwent elective infrarenal aortic aneurysm repair. Thrombus sac volume was obtained using a Hounsfield unit restricted region growth algorithm. Co-morbid conditions such as diabetes mellitus and post-operative complications were evaluated compared to thrombus sac volume. Receiver-operator characteristic curves were generated for thrombus sac volume and patients on the various cardiovascular pharmacotherapies. Results A total of 266 patients (mean age = 72.6 ± 0.6 years; mean thrombus sac volume = 58.7 (34.4-89.0) cm3) were identified. Acetylsalicylic acid use was associated with a decreased thrombus sac volume ≤50 cm3 (AUC = 0.616, p = 0.013) whereas statins ( p = 0.26), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors ( p = 0.46), and clopidogrel ( p = 0.62) had no correlation to thrombus sac volume. Diabetes mellitus was not associated with thrombus sac volume ( p = 0.31). Conclusion Acetylsalicylic acid use is associated with decreased thrombus sac volume in a patient population undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysms repair. The effect of acetylsalicylic acid over other anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet agents is possibly attributable to its distinct mechanism of cyclooxygenase-1 inhibition. Diabetes mellitus, a known correlate of aneurysm incidence, is not associated with thrombus burden. The potential to alter aneurysm thrombus volume, thereby affecting aneurysm morphology, may yield a more favorable aneurysmal repair.
Vertical Sculpted Pillar Reduction Mammoplasty

The vertical sculpted pillar technique evolved from incorporating different maneuvers that collectively result in a stable breast cone fashioned from carefully tailored breast tissue. The key concept is to visualize and shape the volume of the breast tissue that one leaves behind, not the tissue that is taken away. To determine the best pedicle, a simple preoperative maneuver is performed. If the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) easily glides upward to its new position, then the superior pedicle popularized by Lassus [1, 2] via a vertical approach is used. Otherwise, if the NAC cannot be manipulated in this manner, then we convert to the superomedial pedicle popularized by Hall-Findlay [3, 4]. The other rule of thumb is that if the NAC is below the “the mosque dome” portion of the keyhole, then we begin to think in terms of a superomedial pedicle as opposed to a strictly vertical one. The sculpting of the medial and lateral pillars is modified from the technique of Chiari [5]. Other unique features of this technique include the shaping sutures in the superior pole of the breast, originally described by Marchac [6, 7], and the lateral shaping suture, described in an unpublished communication with Alex de Souza, a Brazilian plastic surgeon. Lastly, the reflected inframammary fold (the “A-point” of Pitanguy) becomes the superior-most point of attachment of the new areola, not the nipple.
Social Psychology of Gender and Race

In this chapter, we review social psychological literature on gender and race. We provide an overview of how three key social psychological theories – social exchange, social cognition, and symbolic interaction – have addressed gender, race, and their intersections. We then discuss prevailing social psychological methodological techniques and their implications for research on the dynamics of gender and race. We argue that the methods social psychologists employ may advance and/or constrain the questions about gender and race that can be explored. We conclude by locating research on gender and race in current and possible future trends shaping the field of social psychology. We argue that the future social psychology of gender and race will reflect cultural and demographic shifts in these systems, the continuing destabilization of the categories of gender and race, and technological advances that facilitate new methodological and theoretical approaches to gender and race, as well as other systems of societal inequalities.
Reference Point Group Mobility

The reference point group mobility model that organizes mobile hosts into groups according to their logical relationships is described. It is shown that the input parameters of the RPGM model allow the flexibility to implement the column, nomadic community, and pursue group mobility models. The performance results of RPGM and other group mobility models are also analyzed. The mathematical model of the exponential correlated random group mobility is also annunciated.
Treatment of Kyphosis and Lumbar Stenosis in Achondroplasia

Kyphosis is fairly common in achondroplasia; 30 percent of the early thoracolumbar kyphoses persist. A third of these or approximately 10 percent of achondroplasts have a progressive kyphosis. Some control of the kyphosis early is possible orthotically using an underarm orthosis or TLSO (thoraco-lumbo-sacral-orthosis). This improves the clinical appearance and may have some impact on the lumbosacral hyperlordosis. There are no long term longitudinal studies as yet to document stabilization of the spine in the corrected position. The important question is whether there is a decrease in the 30 percent residual kyphoses or 10 percent progressive kyphoses in adulthood in treated patients. Of additional concern is the respiratory effects of some of these restrictive devices on the pulmonary function in children with small thoraces and thus pre-existing potential respiratory dysfunction.
Perspective on opportunities for genetic engineering applications in industrial pollution control.

Biological systems have been employed successfully for many years in both industrial and domestic pollution control. Such systems, while “engineered” to the extent of the operational conditions imposed (hydraulic residence time, population growth rate, etc.), are essentially chemostatic in nature, with populations consisting of those species which can either survive or thrive under the conditions of wastewater characteristics and process operational parameters. Table 1 presents characteristics of existing biological processes utilized in pollution control.
Overlooked Ethical Questions in Acquisitions and Mergers: A Look at Some Legal, Economic and Philosophical Issues

Practically every article that has ever been written about the economic, legal or ethical aspects of acquisitions and mergers has proceeded to discuss the topic from the viewpoint of the initiators, the predators, to use a pejorative term. Very little has been written about the individuals who try to prevent an acquisition or a merger. Still less has been written about the ethical issues involved in attempting to prevent an acquisition or merger. This article attempts to fill that gap in the literature. The author looks at attempts to prevent consenting adults from entering into an acquisition or merger from both the utilitarian and rights perspectives and concludes that individuals who attempt to prevent consensual activity in the area of acquisitions and mergers engage in unethical conduct, whether viewed from the utilitarian ethical perspective or the perspective of property and contract rights.
Efficacy of surgeon-performed, ultrasound-guided lymph node fine needle aspiration in patients with thyroid pathologic conditions

Abstract Background Although the concept of surgeon-performed fine needle aspiration of thyroid nodules is established, experience with surgeon-performed lymph node fine needle aspiration is scant. We aimed to study the efficacy of surgeon-performed lymph node fine needle aspiration in patients with thyroid pathologic conditions. Methods This is an institutional review board–approved study of patients with thyroid pathologic conditions who underwent surgeon-performed lymph node fine needle aspiration between 2002 and 2017. Efficacy and utility were analyzed. Results A total of 201 patients with benign nodular goiter ( n = 30) and thyroid cancer ( n = 200) underwent 230 lymph node fine needle aspirations (89 during preoperative workup, 141 at postoperative follow-up). Insufficient aspiration rate was 6% and indeterminate cytologic results 3%. In 91% of patients with suspicious lymph nodes, definite diagnosis could be obtained by fine needle aspiration; 51% ( n = 118) of fine needle aspirations indicated metastasis from thyroid cancer and 40% ( n = 91) benign findings. Sensitivity and specificity of lymph node fine needle aspiration in diagnosing nodal metastasis were 92% and 89%, respectively. Cytologic testing and thyroglobulin washout indicated 95% concordance. On logistic regression, spherical shape, microcalcifications, cystic appearance, and loss of hilum on ultrasound independently predicted lymph node metastasis. Conclusion Our data indicate that an adequate surgeon-performed lymph node fine needle aspiration is highly accurate in diagnosing nodal status in thyroid pathologic conditions. We recommend adoption of this technique, when feasible, to develop an efficient, comprehensive thyroid practice.
Rethinking Boundaries: Ethical Dilemmas in the Social Worker-Client Relationship

Many factors influence concerns about boundaries in social workerclient relationships, including personal and professional ethics and values, legal regulations, theories of practice, and litigation. In response to these concerns, social work has embraced structures of professional relationships that may disempower our clients. In this article, we discuss the historical and theoretical origins of the concept of boundaries and review factors leading to current concerns about boundary violations. We then examine boundaries in the context of the patriarchal “distance model” of social workerclient relationships (Greenspan, 1995), contrasting it with a feminist “relational” model. We conclude with two brief case illustrations and issues for further reflection.
State fragility as a multi-dimensional construct for international entrepreneurship research and practice

While the international entrepreneurship literature has begun to expand its scope to include the world’s poorest and least-developed countries, it has not yet reached a consensus about how to conceptualize and measure the relevant cross-national differences that shape the wide range of entrepreneurial activities across the developing world. To address this gap, we explore the potential contribution of the multi-dimensional construct of “state fragility,” as developed in related fields, as an orienting framework for developing-country entrepreneurship research. Instead of viewing all developing country states as universally weak, the state fragility construct provides a conceptual framework to identify which types of capabilities are weak, to which degree, and in what configuration, thus advancing efforts to systematically compare and contrast the wide diversity of entrepreneurial processes and outcomes found across the developing world.
IT Project Communication: An Investigation of Its Dimensions and Relationship to Project Success

The critical nature of information flow as a precursor to project success has been affirmed by both scholars and project management professionals. The data analyzed in this study represent the perceptions of 91 IT project professionals regarding the importance of 18 different aspects of project communication to project success. The relationship of these data vis-a-vis project manager demographics and project/organizational characteristics is explored. Despite a relatively high level of agreement across the respondents regarding which communications are perceived critical to project success, there are clear project and stakeholder circumstances that warrant consideration. The data reveal both statistical and practical dimensions of communication that attribute importance to project success differently for internal as compared to external communication. Furthermore, the emergence of average project duration as a consistently strong correlate of perceived importance of communication to project success is an area of research deserving greater attention.
Genetic regulation of a constitutive operon in E. coliBr

Abstract Complementation analysis, using a regulatory mutant in the constitutive d-ribose operon of E. coli B r , have shown that the genetic regulation of constitutive operon may follow a truly positive control mechanism whereby the expression of the operon requires an active constitutive initiation protein to allow the synthesis of the structural genes products.
Multi-Cell IDMA NOMA Performance in NR Deployment

Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) is being considered for the Fifth Generation (5G) of mobile communications systems, also known as New Radio (NR). Schemes based on low code rate implementation, such as Interleave Division Multiple Access (IDMA) are among the studied schemes for NOMA transmission in NR. It has been shown that NOMA schemes based on low code rate implementation are poised to offer a robust performance in highly interfered scenarios. The performance of NOMA in single cell deployment has been well studied; however, most studies on NOMA have not considered the performance in a practical multi-cell NR deployment. In this paper, we present our system-level performance evaluation results of an IDMA-based NOMA transmission in a typical NR deployment intended for use in massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) scenarios. In our evaluation, we evaluate the packet dropping rate of the system to demonstrate the multiplexing capability of NOMA in the presence of multi-cell interference.
Amyloid localized to tenosynovium at carpal tunnel release. Natural history of 124 cases.

The carpal tunnel syndrome results from entrapment of the median nerve from a variety of systemic diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, myxedema, systemic lupus erythematosus, acromegaly, diabetes, and amyloidosis as well as dislocation or fracture of the carpal bones or osteophytes. The carpal tunnel syndrome is present in about one-fourth of patients at the time of diagnosis of primary systemic amyloidosis (AL) (Kyle and Greipp, 1983). The incidence of amyloid deposits in the flexor synovialis or the transverse carpal ligament of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome is low—7% in one report (Yamaguchi et al, 1965) and 1% in another (Bastian, 1974). The clinical significance of amyloid in the tenosynovium or carpal ligament in the absence of systemic amyloidosis is unknown. This prompted us to review our experience.
Cost savings associated with video directly observed therapy for treatment of tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE: To calculate the per-session and annual direct program costs to implement directly observed therapy (DOT) for tuberculosis treatment and to conduct a cost attribution analysis under varying proportions of DOT utilization for four DOT types.DESIGN: Program data covering the study period from September 2014 to August 2015 in New York City (NYC) were used to conduct a retrospective bottom-up micro-costing economic evaluation. For each DOT type, potential per-session and annual program savings were estimated as the cost averted by adopting a uniform distribution of DOT alternatives. Sensitivity analyses explored aggregate cost impacts of unequal distributions.RESULTS: There was a total of 38 035 unique DOT visits, of which 12 002 (32%) were clinic-based (CDOT); 15 483 (41%) were field-based (FDOT); 7185 (19%) were live-video (LVDOT); and 3365 (9%) were recorded-video (RVDOT). The per-session direct costs (in 2016 $US) for DOT services delivered during the study period were $8.46 for CDOT; $19.83 for FDOT; $6.54 for LVDOT; and $5.35 for RVDOT. Sensitivity analyses supported the main findings.CONCLUSIONS: Significant cost savings were estimated with increased utilization of VDOT. Assuming equivalent treatment adherence, duration, completion, and adverse events across DOT types, RVDOT was the modality that most minimized cost.
The Role of Reason for Firearm Ownership in Beliefs about Firearms and Suicide, Openness to Means Safety, and Current Firearm Storage.

Objective Firearm means safety strategies, such as safe storage, are effective in reducing suicide rates but are not widely implemented in the United States. This study examined the association between reason for firearm ownership, beliefs about firearm ownership and storage and suicide risk, willingness to engage in means safety, and current firearm storage practices. Method A sample of 300 American firearm owners (53.0% male; 82.3% White; Mage = 36.11, age range = 20-69) completed an online survey via Amazon's Mechanical Turk (mTurk) program. Results Firearm owners who own a firearm for protection, compared to owning a firearm for other reasons, (1) endorsed decreased belief in the relationship between firearm ownership and storage and suicide risk, (2) were less willing to engage in the means safety measures of storing firearms safely and allowing a trusted individual to temporarily remove firearms from the home, and (3) were more likely to store their firearms loaded. Conclusions Reason for firearm ownership influences views regarding firearms and suicide, willingness to engage in firearm means safety, and firearm storage practices. It is essential to understand how differences in reason for firearm ownership impact these outcomes so appropriate, efficacious messaging can be developed and implemented.
Time Dependent Variational Principle with Ancillary Krylov Subspace

We propose an improved scheme to do the time-dependent variational principle (TDVP) in finite matrix product states (MPSs) for two-dimensional systems or one-dimensional systems with long-range interactions. We present a method to represent the time-evolving state in a MPS with its basis enriched by state averaging with global Krylov vectors. We show that the projection error is significantly reduced so precise time evolution can still be obtained even if a larger time step is used. Combined with the one-site TDVP, our approach provides a way to dynamically increase the bond dimension while still preserving unitarity for real-time evolution. Our method can be more accurate and exhibit slower bond dimension growth than the conventional two-site TDVP.
Memory in a fractional-order cardiomyocyte model alters voltage- and calcium-mediated instabilities

Abstract Cardiac myocyte electrical activity is traditionally approximated with ideal resistor-capacitor circuit networks. However, non-ideal circuit components may provide a more realistic approximation of excitable cell behavior. Such non-ideal circuit components are governed by fractional-order dynamics and contribute capacitive memory effects to the excitable cell system. Our prior work has detailed the effects of cell membrane-derived capacitive memory in a minimal cardiac model driven by voltage instabilities, and capacitive memory has been shown to shorten the action potential duration (APD) and suppress a beat-to-beat alternation in the APD known as alternans. In this study, we investigate the effects of memory in a biophysically detailed cardiac model that accounts for detailed representations of intracellular calcium cycling and transmembrane voltage dynamics. We perform simulations of varying fractional-order and pacing cycle length and investigate conditions in which alternans is driven by either voltage- or calcium-mediated instabilities. We found that capacitive memory suppresses alternans when calcium-mediated. Interestingly, when mediated by voltage-driven instabilities, memory effects induced a calcium instability that in turn promoted alternans under most conditions. In summary, capacitive memory due to fractional-order dynamics alters electrical signaling in cardiac cells in a manner than may either promote or suppress instabilities.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Pediatric Graduate Medical Education.

* Abbreviation: COVID-19 — : coronavirus disease 2019 The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the landscape of pediatric graduate medical education. We anticipate that pediatric residents and fellows will acquire new skills to carry with them as practicing pediatricians of the future. Here, we present the collective observations of a resident, fellow, and hospitalist, with the intention of highlighting the challenges and opportunities in trainee education during this unusual and unpredictable time. ### Direct Interaction With Patients A central tenet in medical education is that spending time at the bedside is best: examine your patients and then examine them again. As Osler observed, “Medicine is learned by the bedside and not in the classroom,”1 and “We miss more by not seeing than we do by not knowing.”2 In a time when the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is releasing guidelines to conserve personal protective equipment3 and the public is being asked to distance themselves both socially and physically, thoughtful decisions are being made as to who should examine the patient and how often. In this environment, direct patient interaction is limited, and this central tenet of medical education must be reexamined. Although encounters with inpatients are modified, live outpatient encounters conducted by trainees are near nonexistent. Although some trainees are participating in virtual visits, this … Address correspondence to Laura Chiel, MD, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, 333 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115. E-mail: laura.chiel{at}childrens.harvard.edu
Werkgruppe X: Kantaten (Huldigungsmusiken, Gelegenheitswerke)

Kantate zum Neuen Jahr 1796 (»Da steigt es in majestatischem Glanze«) fur Soprano solo, Chor (S/A/T/B), 2 Floten, 2 Oboen, 2 Fagotte, 2 Horner, 2 Trompeten, Pauken, 2 Violinen, Viola, Bass.
Multiplexed proteomic profiling of cysteine reactivity and ligandability in human T cells.

Summary Differential amino acid reactivity with chemical probes can provide valuable information on the functionality and ligandability of proteins in native biological systems. Here, we present a quantitative, multiplexed chemical proteomic protocol for in-depth reactivity and ligandability profiling of cysteines in proteins in quiescent and stimulated T cells. This protocol illuminates dynamic immune state-dependent alterations in cysteine reactivity, revealing chemoselective and stereoselective small-molecule interactions with cysteines in structurally and functionally diverse proteins that lack chemical probes. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Vinogradova et al. (2020) .
Micro-dissection and integration of long and short reads to create a robust catalog of kidney compartment-specific isoforms

Abstract Studying isoform expression at the microscopic level has always been a challenging task. A classical example is kidney, where glomerular and tubulo-insterstitial compartments carry out drastically different physiological functions and thus presumably their isoform expression also differs. We aim at developing an experimental and computational pipeline for identifying isoforms at microscopic structure-level. We microdissed glomerular and tubulo-interstitial compartments from healthy human kidney tissues from two cohorts. The two compartments were separately sequenced with the PacBio RS II platform. These transcripts were then validated using transcripts of the same samples by the traditional Illumina RNA-Seq protocol, distinct Illumina RNA-Seq short reads from European Renal cDNA Bank (ERCB) samples, and annotated GENCODE transcript list, thus identifying novel transcripts. We identified 14,739 and 14,259 annotated transcripts, and 17,268 and 13,118 potentially novel transcripts in the glomerular and tubulo-interstitial compartments, respectively. Of note, relying solely on either short or long reads would have resulted in many erroneous identifications. We identified distinct pathways involved in glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartments at the isoform level.We demonstrated the possibility of micro-dissecting a tissue, incorporating both long- and short-read sequencing to identify isoforms for each compartment.
The g factor: psychometrics and biology

General ability, defined as psychometric g, arises from the empirical fact that scores on various cognitive tests are positively correlated in the population. The g factor is highly stable across different factor analytic algorithms, across different test batteries and across different populations. Because all cognitive tests, from the simplest to the most complex, regardless of their informational content, are g-loaded to varying degrees, g cannot be described in terms of the tests' content, or even in psychological terms. It is actually a property of the brain. The loadings of various tests on g, from tests of sensory discrimination and reaction time to those of highly complex problem solving, predict those tests' degree of correlation with a number of non-psychometric variables: the test's heritability, inbreeding depression, coefficient of assortative mating, brain size, reaction time, brain nerve conduction velocity, brain glucose metabolic rate and features of brain evoked potentials. Although some of the brain's cognitive functions are modular, the g factor reflects the all-positive correlations among virtually all cognitive functions that show individual differences. I hypothesize that the brain contains no module for general problem solving. Correlations between individuals' performances in various cognitive tasks result from quantitative individual differences in physiological conditions that do not constitute the brain's modular and other neural design features but do influence their speed and efficiency of information processing.
Enhanced PLL Based Filter for Time-Varying Harmonic Decomposition

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Digital filter banks Multirate processing Proposed structure Simulation results Conclusions References ]]>
GLOBAL FORCES AND LATINO POPULATION GROWTH IN THE MIDWEST: A REGIONAL AND SUBREGIONAL ANALYSIS

The last decade has seen a significant growth of the Latino population in the Midwest, particularly in rural communities. We discuss the forces that have stimulated the growth of the Latino popula­ tion in the region. We use data from the Current Population Surveys (1988-1997) to assess the demographic and employment growth of the Latino population in the Midwest. Because of the limitations of second­ ary data, we also illustrate the growth of the Latino population with evidence from Nebraska and a selected area of the state. Data analysis suggests that population estimates of the Latino population generated by the US Bureau of the Census do not accurately reflect the magnitude of the Latino population growth in the region. We conclude with a discus­ sion of the implications of Latino population growth to midwestern communities.
Dwarf Content of Old Galaxy Populations

Scanner observations of five galaxies in the region near 9910 A showed that the strength of the dwarf-sensitive Wing-Ford band is below the level of detection. This result is at variance with the predictions of strongly dwarf-enriched population models and in accord with the evidence for giant-dominated radiation at 2.3µ reported by Baldwin et al. (1973) on the basis of the strong CO band found in three galaxies. In the absence of any evidence for a power-law mass function, the consequences of a rounded function are examined.