cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A method to generalize stream flowlines in small-scale maps by a variable flow-based pruning threshold

The aim of this paper is to explore and describe a method of automated generalization designed to produce a map which strikes a balance between cartographic and hydrologic representations. Followin...
Adjunctive use of beta-adrenergic blockers, calcium antagonists and other therapies in coronary thrombolysis.

Abstract The availability of thrombdytic agents for use in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction is an important step in the management of a common, often debilitating, and potentially lethal disorder. However, despite the proven benefits of coronary thrombolysis, the importance of adjunctive treatment modalities is being increasingly recognized. β-adrenergic blockers, calcium antagonists, nitrates, magnesium, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors each exert favorable cardiovascular properties that may offer additional benefits. Clinical trials combining thrombolytic and adjunctive pharmacologic agents offer hope for further advances in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction.
Restriction of Mesendoderm to a Single Blastomere by the Combined Action of SKN-1 and a GSK-3β Homolog Is Mediated by MED-1 and -2 in C. elegans

The endoderm and much of the mesoderm arise from the EMS cell in the four-cell C. elegans embryo. We report that the MED-1 and -2 GATA factors specify the entire fate of EMS, which otherwise produces two C-like mesectodermal progenitors. The meds are direct targets of the maternal SKN-1 transcription factor; however, their forced expression can direct SKN-1-independent reprogramming of non-EMS cells into mesendodermal progenitors. We find that SGG-1/GSK-3beta kinase acts both as a Wnt-dependent activator of endoderm in EMS and an apparently Wnt-independent repressor of the meds in the C lineage, indicating a dual role for this kinase in mesendoderm development. Our results suggest that a broad tissue territory, mesendoderm, in vertebrates has been confined to a single cell in nematodes through a common gene regulatory network.
A Longitudinal Predictive Validity Investigation of the Sb:Fe and K-Abc With At-Risk Children:

The predictive validity of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale: Fourth Edition (SB:FE) and Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC) was investigated by testing a sample of African-American and White children from impoverished families over an 8-year period. The cognitive tests were administered at ages 4, 6, and 9, and the Metropolitan Achievement Test was administered each year from kinder garten through sixth grade. Predictive validity coefficients for both tests were moderately strong and quite consistent over time. The cor relations between the cognitive and achieve ment measures were adequate for the youngest group of children and improved when the pre dictors were administered at later ages. The K-ABC Achievement scale was found to be the best predictor of academic achievement, par ticularly for the school-aged children. Each test predicted academic performance of both African-American and White children equally well.
Assessing Activation without Source Monitoring in the DRM False Memory Paradigm.

Abstract Four experiments examined whether studying a single Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) list produces semantic priming for nonstudied critical items (CIs) and semantic + repetition priming for studied associates. After 30 s of mental arithmetic that followed the study of a DRM list, priming was assessed in a lexical decision task when the nonwords were either pronounceable (Experiment 1) or pseudohomophones (Experiments 2–4). Priming was measured relative to a baseline containing exactly the same CIs and associates that had not been primed by their related DRM lists. Significant CI semantic priming effects occurred in all four experiments, whether or not there was within-test priming from a related associate preceding the CI by 3–7 items. To our knowledge, these are the first experiments using standard DRM study procedures to provide a convincing demonstration of a genuine CI semantic priming effect in a delayed indirect memory test that should be free of intentional retrieval strategies. Discussion focuses on measuring long-term semantic activation effects without the influence of source monitoring in a lexical decision task.
NOBAI: a web server for character coding of geometrical and statistical features in RNA structure

The Numeration of Objects in Biology: Alignment Inferences (NOBAI) web server provides a web interface to the applications in the NOBAI software package. This software codes topological and thermodynamic information related to the secondary structure of RNA molecules as multi-state phylogenetic characters, builds character matrices directly in NEXUS format and provides sequence randomization options. The web server is an effective tool that facilitates the search for evolutionary history embedded in the structure of functional RNA molecules. The NOBAI web server is accessible at ‘http://www.manet.uiuc.edu/nobai/nobai.php’. This web site is free and open to all users and there is no login requirement.
New biomaterials by carbocationic processes

Well-defined macromolecular composites have been prepared by living carbocationic polymerization of isobutylene in combination with other conventional techniques. The products were designed for biomedical uses as 1) intervertebral disc replacement, 2) improved impact- and fatigue- resistant bone cements, 3) delayed drug release reservoirs, and 4) small diameter nonthrombogenic vascular grafts. The syntheses are out-lined, and the novelty, main characteristics and properties of these unique materials are summarized. The era of designed biomaterials is upon us.
Melanocyte developmental genetics: Biphasic control of dopa oxidase activity by the E locus of the fowl

Aliquots of developing feather papillae isolates were measured for oxygen consumption before and after incubation in the substrate, L-dopa. Net oxidation (dopa minus basal) indicated the amount of L-dopa oxidized by melanocytes. The albino-like mutant ey/eyc/c showed minimal net oxidation when compared to its counterpart ey/ey +C/+C. This shows that the c mutation severely restricts dopa oxidase activity. The eumelanic genotype (E/E) had high net oxidation at stage 34 which regressed to a low value by stage 38. The pheomelanic-producing genotype (ey/ey) had a low net oxidation at stage 34 which progressed to a high value by stage 38. Dopa oxidase activity in the eumelanin and pheomelanin producing genotype (standard; +E/ +E) was biphasic. Cells from these embryos had high net oxidation at both stages 34 and 38 and a low value at stage 36. High net oxidation at stage 34 in E/E and +E/+E seem associated with eumelanogenesis, while the high net oxidation at stage 38 in +E/+E and ey/ey is thought to be related to pheomelanogenesis. L-dopa substrate utilization values were also completed for the heterozygote E/ey to determine if differences were detectable between this genotype and its respective homozygotes. The heterozygote net oxidation resembled E/E in pattern but at about one-half the E/E values. The data are discussed in terms of the E locus as a possible control gene locus which determines whether eumelanin or pheomelanin is synthesized.
Advancement of dentistry through Army research

A new theory of occlusion that challenges current concepts is considered a major breakthrough in Army dental research. Other studies are directed toward a material and technic for rapid and permanent restorations, new casting procedures, an intraoral fluoroscope system, and laser welding. Success of a preventive dentistry program will make possible greater concentration on accumulated oral disease conditions of men entering army service.
Julius Bab's first critique of the theatre—III

(1947). Julius Bab's first critique of the theatre—III. Quarterly Journal of Speech: Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 53-60.
In vitro binding of Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM 20082 to mucosal glycoproteins and hemagglutinating activity

Adhesive properties ofBifidobacterium bifidum strain DSM 20082 were studied by the hemagglutination test and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).B. bifidum caused agglutination of human A, B, and O erythrocytes and rabbit erythrocytes, but the interactions were not specific of blood group antigens. The hemagglutination was inhibited by porcine gastric mucin and rat intestinal and colonic mucin.B. bidifum was shown to adhere to different immobilized mucosal glycoproteins and to glycophorin A, a specific erythrocyte membrane glycoprotein. The data obtained with many glycosylated components indicated thatB. bifidum receptors involved in the hemagglutination test were not the same as those that adhere to mucus glycoproteins. The results suggest that the mucosal preparations contain receptors for specific bacterial adhesins, but their structures remain to be determined.
Aggression, anxiety and vocalizations in animals: GABAA and 5-HT anxiolytics

A continuing challenge for preclinical research on anxiolytic drugs is to capture the affective dimension that characterizes anxiety and aggression, either in their adaptive forms or when they become of clinical concern. Experimental protocols for the preclinical study of anxiolytic drugs typically involve the suppression of conditioned or unconditioned social and exploratory behavior (e.g., punished drinking or social interactions) and demonstrate the reversal of this behavioral suppression by drugs acting on the benzodiazepine-GABAA complex. Less frequently, aversive events engender increases in conditioned or unconditioned behavior that are reversed by anxiolytic drugs (e.g., fear-potentiated startle). More recently, putative anxiolytics which target 5-HT receptor subtypes produced effects in these traditional protocols that often are not systematic and robust. We propose ethological studies of vocal expressions in rodents and primates during social confrontations, separation from social companions, or exposure to aversive environmental events as promising sources of information on the affective features of behavior. This approach focuses on vocal and other display behavior with clear functional validity and homology. Drugs with anxiolytic effects that act on the benzodiazepine-GABAA receptor complex and on 5-HT1A receptors systematically and potently alter specific vocalizations in rodents and primates in a pharmacologically reversible manner; the specificity of these effects on vocalizations is evident due to the effectiveness of low doses that do not compromise other physiological and behavioral processes. Antagonists at the benzodiazepine receptor reverse the effects of full agonists on vocalizations, particularly when these occur in threatening, startling and distressing contexts. With the development of antagonists at 5-HT receptor subtypes, it can be anticipated that similar receptor-specificity can be established for the effects of 5-HT anxiolytics.
High-throughput genotyping assay approaches

High-throughput genotyping approaches are being developed to meet the demands of pharmacogenomics, where numerous individuals are studied with thousands of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. All non-gel-based genotyping approaches achieve allelic discrimination by one of four mechanisms: allele-specific hybridisation, allele-specific primer extension, allele-specific oligonucleotide ligation and allele-specific cleavage of a flap probe. By combining one of these allelic discrimination mechanisms with either a homogeneous or solid-phase reaction format and a detection method such as fluorescence intensity, fluorescence polarisation or mass spectrometry, a number of viable high-throughput genotyping methods have been developed and are being readied for routine use. With the biochemistry for robust genotyping in place, good engineering solutions are needed to make high-throughput genotyping a reality.
The Singapore Party System

During the past decade, Singapore has been characterized by a relatively open and competitive party system, thus setting this nation apart from a number of her Southeast Asian neighbors. However, the travails experienced by the system as it has evolved are no less in evidence today than they have been heretofore.
Ultrasonic Characterization of Titanium 6211 Weldments

The use of ultrasonic testing for the inspection of thick section weldments in titanium alloys requires careful acoustic characterization of the materials and weldments in question. In the present work ultrasonic wave velocity measurements were performed on a series of test specimens of titanium alloy weldments and base plate material. Data provided by x-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy were correlated with the ultrasonic results.
Hot topics in aging research: protein translation, 2009

Summary In the last few years, links between regulation of mRNA translation and aging have been firmly established in invertebrate model organisms. This year, a possible relationship between mRNA translation and aging in mammals has been established with the report that rapamycin increases lifespan in mice. Other significant findings have connected translation control with other known longevity pathways and provided fodder for mechanistic hypotheses. Here, we summarize advances in this emerging field and raise questions for future studies.
Origins of submovements in movements of elderly adults

Background Slowness is a well-recognized feature of movements in aging. One of the possible reasons for slowness suggested by previous research is production of corrective submovements that compensate for shortened primary submovement to the target. Here, we re-examine this traditional interpretation and argue that the majority of submovements in older adults may be a consequence rather than the cause of slowness.
Finite Mixture of Heteroscedastic Single-Index Models

In many applications a heterogeneous population consists of several subpopulations. When each subpopulation can be adequately modeled by a heteroscedastic single-index model, the whole population is characterized by a finite mixture of heteroscedastic single-index models. In this article, we propose an estimation algorithm for fitting this model, and discuss the implementation in detail. Simulation studies are used to demonstrate the performance of the algorithm, and a real example is used to illustrate the application of the model.
What Ever Happened to the “Cool” Kids? Long‐Term Sequelae of Early Adolescent Pseudomature Behavior

Pseudomature behavior—ranging from minor delinquency to precocious romantic involvement—is widely viewed as a nearly normative feature of adolescence. When such behavior occurs early in adolescence, however, it was hypothesized to reflect a misguided overemphasis upon impressing peers and was considered likely to predict long-term adjustment problems. In a multimethod, multireporter study following a community sample of 184 adolescents from ages 13 to 23, early adolescent pseudomature behavior was linked cross-sectionally to a heightened desire for peer popularity and to short-term success with peers. Longitudinal results, however, supported the study's central hypothesis: Early adolescent pseudomature behavior predicted long-term difficulties in close relationships, as well as significant problems with alcohol and substance use, and elevated levels of criminal behavior.
CardioGxE, a catalog of gene-environment interactions for cardiometabolic traits

Genetic understanding of complex traits has developed immensely over the past decade but remains hampered by incomplete descriptions of contribution to phenotypic variance. Gene-environment (GxE) interactions are one of these contributors and in the guise of diet and physical activity are important modulators of cardiometabolic phenotypes and ensuing diseases. We mined the scientific literature to collect GxE interactions from 386 publications for blood lipids, glycemic traits, obesity anthropometrics, vascular measures, inflammation and metabolic syndrome, and introduce CardioGxE, a gene-environment interaction resource. We then analyzed the genes and SNPs supporting cardiometabolic GxEs in order to demonstrate utility of GxE SNPs and to discern characteristics of these important genetic variants. We were able to draw many observations from our extensive analysis of GxEs. 1) The CardioGxE SNPs showed little overlap with variants identified by main effect GWAS, indicating the importance of environmental interactions with genetic factors on cardiometabolic traits. 2) These GxE SNPs were enriched in adaptation to climatic and geographical features, with implications on energy homeostasis and response to physical activity. 3) Comparison to gene networks responding to plasma cholesterol-lowering or regression of atherosclerotic plaques showed that GxE genes have a greater role in those responses, particularly through high-energy diets and fat intake, than do GWAS-identified genes for the same traits. Other aspects of the CardioGxE dataset were explored. Overall, we demonstrate that SNPs supporting cardiometabolic GxE interactions often exhibit transcriptional effects or are under positive selection. Still, not all such SNPs can be assigned potential functional or regulatory roles often because data are lacking in specific cell types or from treatments that approximate the environmental factor of the GxE. With research on metabolic related complex disease risk embarking on genome-wide GxE interaction tests, CardioGxE will be a useful resource.
Evaluate simulation design alternatives for large scale manufacturing systems

Distributed simulation promises to achieve significant parallelism in computation, which is essential in modeling wafer fabs in sufficient detail to support fab design or operational policy decision making. The high level architecture (HLA) is used to synchronize the simulation computations on networked computers. In designing a research and development testbed called the high fidelity virtual environment for 300 mm wafer fab (HiFiVE), we considered alternative different ways to distribute computational tasks to computers. This paper proposes an evaluation approach to select promising alternatives for further detailed development. Computational results show that properly distributed computational tasks can lead to substantial improvements
Petrography of the Paradise (No. 12), Baker (No. 13), and Coiltown (No. 14) coals of the lower portion of the Sturgis Formation (Pennsylvanian) in western Kentucky

Coal rank (based on vitrinite reflectance) and maceral composition were determined for 50 channel and borehole samples of the Paradise (No. 12), Baker (No. 13), and Coiltown (No. 14) coals in the Western Kentucky Coal Field. The three coal beds are in the lower part of the Pennsylvanian Sturgis Formation (Desmoinesian). Coal rank trends for the three coals vary across structural provinces in a similar and predictable manner. Coals in the Moorman syncline in the southeast are predominantly of high volatile C bituminous rank but approach high volatile B bituminous rank within the Pennyrile and Central fault systems that border the Moorman syncline. Westward, across the Central faults, rank of coals is high volatile B bituminous in the Webster syncline but increases to high volatile A bituminous northward, within the Rough Creek fault system. Coal rank in the Henderson basin north of the Rough Creek faults decreases to high volatile C bituminous. The Paradise, Baker, and Coiltown coals have consistently high percentages of total vitrinite (vitrinite and pseudovitrinite) (88% for the Paradise coal; 87% for the Baker coal; 85% for the Coiltown coal) and concomitant uniform low percentages of inertinites (less than 10% for each coal) (dry, mineral-matter-free basis). Total reactives (total vitrinite and liptinites) constitute 91% of the Paradise and Baker coals, and 90% of the Coiltown coal. Comparison of the three coals with stratigraphically lower coals in the Pennsylvanian of western Kentucky indicates that rank trends and maceral composition continue to be predictable, not only across the Western Kentucky Coal Field, but also within a large portion of the Pennsylvanian stratigraphic section.
Dynamics of the self-assembly of nanovoids and nanobubbles in solids

Experiments show that vacancies in solids may coalesce into voids and self-organize into a superlattice. The voids have diameters around 10 nm and spacing of tens of nanometers. This paper develops a phase-field model to study this behavior, which incorporates the free energy of mixing, interfacial energy and elastic energy. Vacancy diffusion is described by a Cahn–Hilliard type nonlinear diffusion equation, which couples the vacancy distribution field and the stress field. The reduction of the mixing energy drives spinodal decomposition. The reduction of the interfacial energy drives void coarsening. The long-range elastic interaction and elastic anisotropy significantly affect superlattice formation and may essentially limit void coarsening.
A synthetic library of RNA control modules for predictable tuning of gene expression in yeast

Advances in synthetic biology have resulted in the development of genetic tools that support the design of complex biological systems encoding desired functions. The majority of efforts have focused on the development of regulatory tools in bacteria, whereas fewer tools exist for the tuning of expression levels in eukaryotic organisms. Here, we describe a novel class of RNA-based control modules that provide predictable tuning of expression levels in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A library of synthetic control modules that act through posttranscriptional RNase cleavage mechanisms was generated through an in vivo screen, in which structural engineering methods were applied to enhance the insulation and modularity of the resulting components. This new class of control elements can be combined with any promoter to support titration of regulatory strategies encoded in transcriptional regulators and thus more sophisticated control schemes. We applied these synthetic controllers to the systematic titration of flux through the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, providing insight into endogenous control strategies and highlighting the utility of this control module library for manipulating and probing biological systems.
NONLINEAR MECHANICS OF SINGLE-ATOMIC-LAYER GRAPHENE SHEETS

The unique lattice structure and properties of graphene have drawn tremendous interests recently. By combining continuum and atomistic approaches, this paper investigates the mechanical properties of single-atomic-layer graphene sheets. A theoretical framework of nonlinear continuum mechanics is developed for graphene under both in-plane and bending deformation. Atomistic simulations are carried out to deduce the effective mechanical properties. It is found that graphene becomes highly nonlinear and anisotropic under finite-strain uniaxial stretch, and coupling between stretch and shear occurs except for stretching in the zigzag and armchair directions. The theoretical strength (fracture strain and fracture stress) of perfect graphene lattice also varies with the chiral direction of uniaxial stretch. By rolling graphene sheets into cylindrical tubes of various radii, the bending modulus of graphene is obtained. Buckling of graphene ribbons under uniaxial compression is simulated and the critical strain for the onset of buckling is compared to a linear buckling analysis.
Ethylbenzene Pyrolysis: Benzyl CC or CH Bond Homolysis

The thermal unimolecular decomposition of ethylbenzene has been studied by both the very-low-pressure pyrolysis and heated single-pulse shock tube methods in an attempt to resolve a recent controversy as to whether the initial dissociation channel is benzyl C - C, or benzyl C-H homolysis, Observed decomposition products and mass balance studies lead to the conclusion that up tc 1288K the predominant decomposition channel is benzyl C-C homolysis. Additional support of this conclusion is provided by a study of isopropylbenzene decomposition by these same methods. Arguments are given which strongly suggest that benzyl C-H homolysis cannot be the major reaction channel even at temperatures as high as 1600K.
Petterssen's “Type B”Cyclogenesis in Terms of Discrete, Neutral Eady Modes

Abstract We investigate B. Farrell's hypothesis that the development of a surface cyclone with the passage of an upper trough, as observed by S. Pettessen and coworkers, may be understood in terms of an initial-value problem on the Eady model. We consider the response of the Eady model to perturbations whose horizontal wavelengths are short enough to ensure their stability, and whose perturbation potential vorticity is zero. We depart from Farrell with the latter condition as it eliminates the continuous spectrum and allows the evolution of the perturbation to be understood solely in terms of the two normal modes of the Eady model—one with maximum amplitude at the upper lid, which propagates eastward with respect to the midlevel flow, and one westward propagating, with maximum amplitude at the lower surface. Imagine an initial upper-level disturbance with no surface perturbation; this is represented by the two Eady modes in combination such that the initial surface perturbation pressure is zero. As the fl...
Scheffler on Morality and Ideals of the Person

Scheffler's paper divides into two parts. In the first, he argues that Parfifs argument from the complex view of personal identity neither can, nor is intended to, establish any moral theory; in particular, it cannot establish utilitarianism. Rather, Parfifs aim must have been simply to weaken our attachment to non-utilitarian theories. In discovering that the only philosophically respectable view of personal identity holds it to consist simply in bodily or psychological continuities and connections, we come to see that the distinctness of persons is a less deep fact than we naively supposed that it was. And this weakens the attraction of moral theories which take the distinctness of persons as fundamental and reject utilitarianism on that account. Scheffler points out that Parfifs argument cannot establish, nor can it be extended to establish, anything stronger than this. For the complex view can only rule out nonutilitarian theories if it simply denies that in any sense persons exist over time. But this view rules out not only non-utilitarian moral theories, but every moral theory. If persons did not perdure, but were simply a series of events, then it is not at all clear how they could be subject to any moral demand or be guided by any moral consideration, since it is not at all clear how they could be moral agents.
Effect of Temperature and Photoperiod on Orius tristicolor Feeding on Tetranychus pacificus

Studies were conducted on the predation of Orius tristicolor White feeding on the Pacific spider mite, Tetranychus pacificus McGregor, at various conditions of temperature and photoperiod. The 4th and 5th instars of O. tristicolor consumed more adult and immature mites and generally more mite eggs than the earlier instars at 70, 78, and 92°F in the absence of light and at photo-periods of 4, 12, and 16 hours of light. At 78°F, there was no significant difference in the number of adult and immature mites consumed by the combined O. tristicolor nymph and adult stages in the absence of light in comparison to a 12-hr light regime. About 750 mite eggs were consumed per Orius individual (nymph plus adult stage) at 78°F and 12 hours of light in comparison to about 303 mite eggs consumed per Orius individual at 78°F in the absence of light. Nymphs of O. tristicolor attained the adult stage at 92°F without plant moisture when an abundance of mites was available as a source of food as well as moisture.
On the Zeros of a Cubic Recurrence

where P, Q, R are real numbers. We shall assume that the roots u, v, w of f(z) =0, where f(Z) = Z3 PZ2 + Qz R is the companion of (T), are nonzero, real, and have distinct absolute values. If Tk=O, we call k a zero of (T). If r>O is fixed and (T') is defined by Tn'= Tn+r, we call (T') a translate of (T). Every translate of (T) has the same companion as (T). We shall also assume that (T)0 (0, 0, 0, * * * ) which holds (1) if and only if no three consecutive Tn are zero, or (2) if and only if it holds for every translate of (T). Then we may show that there are real numbers (U, V, W) $ (0, 0, 0) and such that Tn= Uun+ Vvn+Wwn (n=O,1, 2,*l * ).
Control Law Design for Improving UAV Performance Using Wind Turbulence

Birds and insects frequently use the energy present in the atmosphere to conserve energy. Energy in the form of thermal updrafts is routinely used successfully by pilots of full-scale and model sailplanes. The energy present in atmospheric turbulence, however, has not been utilized to its full potential. This paper deals with the design of simple control laws to extract energy from atmospheric turbulence. A point mass model is used to simulate glider ∞ights through realistic gusts based on the Dryden power spectral density function, and an optimization procedure to design control laws under a stochastic environment is presented. The results show that, for small UAVs, signiflcant energy savings are possible using active control laws. Factors afiecting energy extraction are outlined and issues arising in gust modeling, stochastic optimization, and realistic constraints are addressed.
Norepinephrine (NE) Increases Production of Superoxide (O2• -) in Cultured Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) and Splenocytes Isolated from Rats

Physiological/pathophysiological states with increased sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) are associated with oxidative stress. It is known that increased O2• - in specific brain regions results in increased efferent SNA. Recently we found that NE increased intracellular O2• - production (Dihydroethidium, DHE) and mRNA for NADPH oxidase (NOX-2) subunits in cultured PBMCs from humans suggesting elevated SNA may increase systemic O2• - production. Current experiments tested whether the rat is a good experimental model of humans to further study the interaction between sympathoexcitation and PBMC-derived O2• -. Primary PBMCs and splenocytes were isolated from male rats and incubated at 37°C for 36 hr with either vehicle (Veh), 50 pcg/ml, 50 ng/ml, or 50 µg/ml NE. Similar to human PBMCs, relative to Veh, NE increased intracellular O2• - production in rat PBMCs (50 µg/ml NE = 11± 5 fold; P< 0.05) and tended to increase mRNA for NOX-2 subunits (50 ng/ml NE: gp 91phox = 1.8 ± 0.4; p22phox = 1.6± 0.5). NE also incr...
Properties of Bovine Anti-Hemophilic Factor

SummaryThe anti-hemophilic factor (AHF) of human plasma is unstable to storage, and shows great loss with attempts at fractionation. Bovine AHF is stable to storage, and protein fractions can be obtained which show a good yield of AHF. Beef “AHF fraction” was prepared as an almost pure β2 globulin, and had about 70 times the AHF activity of fresh human plasma per mg of protein.
Recent advances in high-power phase-locked diode-laser arrays and large aperture coherent sources

High-power (>0.5W) coherent diode lasers are required for a plethora of applications: parallel optical-signal processing; blue-light generation via harmonic conversion; high-speed, high-resolution laser printing; free-space optical communications; optical interconnects; and any other areas for which diode lasers could replace single-mode solid-state or gas lasers. For the last 15 years, significant efforts have been made toward the development of high-power diode lasers operating in the 0.8 – 1.0µm wavelength range. Conventional narrow-stripe (3-4μm wide) single-mode lasers provide, at most, 100 mW reliably, as limited by the optical power density at the laser facet. For reliable operation at watt-range power levels large-aperture (>100μm) sources are necessary. Thus, the challenge has been to maintain a single spatial mode, from large-aperture devices, to high power levels. For this reason, large-aperture coherent sources have been under study since 19781 as a means of obtaining mode-stabilized devices operating reliably at powers in the 0.5- to 1.0-W range.
Effects of common groundwater ions on chromate removal by magnetite: importance of chromate adsorption

Background Reductive precipitation of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) with magnetite is a well-known Cr(VI) remediation method to improve water quality. The rapid (<a few hr) reduction of soluble Cr(VI) to insoluble Cr(III) species by Fe(II) in magnetite has been the primary focus of the Cr(VI) removal process in the past. However, the contribution of simultaneous Cr(VI) adsorption processes in aged magnetite has been largely ignored, leaving uncertainties in evaluating the application of in situ Cr remediation technologies for aqueous systems. In this study, effects of common groundwater ions (i.e., nitrate and sulfate) on Cr(VI) sorption to magnetite were investigated using batch geochemical experiments in conjunction with X-ray absorption spectroscopy.
Preparation of the Cordyceps polysaccharide gels and investigation of the restoration effect of the rabbit skin suffered deep II°scald

OBJECTIVE To prepare the different concentration Cordyceps polysaccharide gels and to investigate the restoration effect of the rabbit skin suffered deep Ⅱ° scald.METHODS After irradiating the depilation of healthy rabbit skin 15 s with 250 W infrared lamp to make the deep Ⅱ° scalded model,we cured them after the certain time by using the different concentration Cordyceps polysaccharide gels as the experiment group,compared with Shirun Shaoshang Gao(Meibao) as the positive group,then observed the contracted circumstance and calculated the average value in diameter of the scalded skin.RESULTS The deep Ⅱ° scalded models were bid smeared over Meibao and 0.1%,1%,5% Cordyceps polysaccharide gels.Among them,the 5% Cordyceps polysaccharide gels were more smooth and neat,and smaller than Meibao and the blank medicine glycerin gelatin base,the results had prominent difference(P0.05).CONCLUSION 1%,5% Cordyceps polysaccharide gels and Meibao all have the restoration effect to the deep Ⅱ° scalded model in skin of the rabbits,but 5% Cordyceps polysaccharide gels have more prominent effect than Shirun Shaoshang Gao(Meibao).
Building a Better Mousetrap: How Design-Based Research was Used to Improve Homemade PowerPoint Games

This paper is a review of a three-cycle, design-based research study that explored the relationship between the pedagogical research and the actual implementation of a game design project using Microsoft PowerPoint. Much of the initial literature on using homemade PowerPoint games showed no significant improvement in test scores when students created these low-tech games, despite the fact that the game project was grounded in sound pedagogical strategies. After each iteration changes were made to better reflect the recommendations from the literature, and at the end of the study, students creating games were performing statistically higher on tests than their counterparts who did not create games. Limitations of the study are discussed, as well as ideas for future research in the area of student-generated games as an instructional approach.
Texting While Driving among Teens: Exploring User Perceptions to Identify Policy Recommendations

Texting while driving has emerged as a significant threat to citizen safety. In this study, we utilize general deterrence theory (GDT), protection motivation theory and personality traits to evaluate texting while driving (TWD) compliance intentions among teenage drivers. This paper presents the results of our pilot study. We administered an online survey to 105 teenage and young adult drivers. The potential implications for research and practice and policy are discussed.
Hematology: Automated White Blood Cell Differential Counting by Flow-Analysis

Technology assessments performed in conjunction with the development and introduction of flow-analysis automated white blood cell differential counters emphasize that methods comparisons in laboratory medicine are difficult when there are marked differences in analytical precision between methods and when the sources of methodologic errors are incompletely understood or inadequately measured and controlled. However, automation of the white blood cell differential count provides a useful example of how careful assessment of an existing laboratory test methodology and consideration of unmet clinical needs assist in defining performance objectives as well as delineating probable performance limits for new and evolving technologies.
Stop FEMA Now: Social media, activism and the sacrificed citizen

Abstract In an era of late capitalism and climate crisis, an expanding, heterogeneous network of people find themselves precariously positioned at the edge of disaster. This paper explores how Stop FEMA Now, a coalition of U.S. flood disaster survivors and other coastal homeowners, used social media to challenge neoliberal policies that produced – and then privatized – environmental risk. I find that social media played a crucial and sometimes unexpected role in enabling activists to organize across difference and cohere around an identity that emphasized their multiple layers of vulnerability and responsibilization. Through images that reembedded natural disasters in their political and economic contexts, activists exposed their historic and ongoing abandonment by neoliberal policies and state failures. Ultimately, such abandonments forfeited coastal homeowners to a future marked by fiscal and climate crisis, constituting them as sacrificed citizens. And yet, I also propose that the struggles of sacrificed citizens offer new possibilities for coalitions and pluralisms.
Seismotectonic and Related Maps of the Central Mississippi Valley and Environs

A planned map folio will show geological and geophysical information and societal features at risk in nested map areas centered on the New Madrid seismic zone. We are using digital data and the ARC/INFO[*][1] geographic information system (GIS) to aid analysis, speed distribution of data and maps to others, and let us make special-purpose maps. The smallest-scale, largest-area map is already in draft form, and shows mainly large urban areas and dominant lifelines. Most future maps will show geologic and geophysical information needed to determine crustal structure, understand the causes and characteristics of seismicity, and assess the hazard from shaking, liquefaction, strong-motion amplification, and ground failure. [1]: #fn-1
Ecdysteroids in nemerteans : further characterization and identification

Ecdysteroids are a class of steroidal hormones thatare important in molting and reproduction inarthropods. These hormones have been recentlydetected in non-arthropodan groups, such assoft-bodied worms. To continue our efforts todetermine the presence of ecdysteroids in nemerteans,this study further documents the identification of20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), in Paranemertesperegrina, by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS). After C18 Sep-Pak extraction,radioimmunoassay of the 40% and 80% methanolicfractions from an extract of 1000 worms indicated 98and 156 ng of ecdysteroids, respectively. Ecdysteroids of these two samples, as well as the 20Eand ecdysone standards, were N-trimethylsilyimidazole(TMSI)-derivatized before GC/MS analysis. Themethanolic samples contained a large number ofcompounds but only small, insignificant peaks in thearea where ecdysteroid standards eluted. However, thereconstruction ion current (RIC) chromatograms for m/z561 indicated the presence of 20E at the correctretention time of 12.48 min in the 40% methanolicfraction. Reanalysis of the samples under selectedion monitoring mode demonstrated the presence of 20Ein both the 40% and 80% fractions. These resultsdemonstrate conclusively the presence of an activeecdysteroid in the phylum Nemertea.
Mothers, Toxicity, and the School-to-Prison Pipeline

While incarcerated at FCI Marianna for a drug crime, Tina Rosser considered herself lucky because she was able to “land” in one of the lucky spots in the electronic waste (e-waste) recycling program. She felt fortunate to be able to work a job that paid more than the others and that promised to help her once she left prison. “They were hyping it up like it was something you could take home, work at a company, and get a job like that” (Cusac 2009).
Deterministic skill of ENSO predictions from the North American Multimodel Ensemble.

Hindcasts and real-time predictions of the east-central tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) from the North American Multimodel Ensemble (NMME) system are verified for 1982–2015. Skill is examined using two deterministic verification measures: mean squared error skill score (MSESS) and anomaly correlation. Verification of eight individual models shows somewhat differing skills among them, with some models consistently producing more successful predictions than others. The skill levels of MME predictions are approximately the same as the two best performing individual models, and sometimes exceed both of them. A decomposition of the MSESS indicates the presence of calibration errors in some of the models. In particular, the amplitudes of some model predictions are too high when predictability is limited by the northern spring ENSO predictability barrier and/or when the interannual variability of the SST is near its seasonal minimum. The skill of the NMME system is compared to that of the MME from the IRI/CPC ENSO prediction plume, both for a comparable hindcast period and also for a set of real-time predictions spanning 2002–2011. Comparisons are made both between the MME predictions of each model group, and between the average of the skills of the respective individual models in each group. Acknowledging a hindcast versus real-time inconcsistency in the 2002–2012 skill comparison, the skill of the NMME is slightly higher than that of the prediction plume models in all cases. This result reflects well on the NMME system, with its large total ensemble size and opportunity for possible complementary contributions to skill.
Heavy Ion Results from ATLAS

These proceedings provide an overview of the new results obtained with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, which were presented in the Quark Matter 2017 conference. These results were covered by twelve parallel talks, one flash talk and eleven posters. These proceedings group these results into five areas: initial state, jet quenching, quarkonium production, longitudinal flow dynamics, and collectivity in small systems.
Ecos de la lírica política de Rubén Darío en algunos poemas de Juan Felipe Toruño

Este articulo pone sobre la palestra los hechos historicos como un continuum inspirando la creacion literaria. La autora leyendo la vida de Ruben Dario, constata que la guerra hispanoamericana de 1898 conmovio profundamente a este celebre literato. En sus articulos de El tiempo, Dario censuro acremente a los Estados Unidos: “No, no puedo, no quiero estar de parte de esos bufalos de dientes de plata. Son enemigos mios, son los aborrecedores de la sangre latina.”
The role of the ionization of defects in causing systematic differences in the semiconductor properties of undoped compounds

Abstract Undoped compounds often show either n - or p -type conduction, a variation of the activity of the lattice constituents causing a variation in the concentration of donor or acceptors, but not a change of the conductivity type. Only in a few cases can a transition from n - to p -type be achieved. It is shown that the degree of ionization of the imperfections acting as donors or acceptors is an important factor in deciding the type of atomic imperfection that is predominately formed. The insight gained is used to explain some observed trends in the semiconductor properties of the II–VI and IV–VI compounds.
Paper 19. Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Flapped Rudders

Water-tunnel experiments were performed to determine the free-stream characteristics of a series of 12 rudders with systematic variations in the amount of flap area and flap balance. The results include lift, drag, rudder moment and flap moment coefficients for a range of angles of attack and flap deflections. A comparison is made of the effectiveness of all-movable rudders, rudders with a fixed skeg and movable flap, and rudders with movable skegs and flaps. The latter were found to be by far the most effective. Rudders with fixed skegs are inferior to all-movable rudders unless the proportion of flap is very large. Flap balance does not appear desirable. Maximum flap moments, even with zero balance, are generally less than or comparable to the maximum moment of an ideally balanced all-movable rudder.
Evaluation of (E)-1,2-di(furan-2-yl)ethene as building unit in diketopyrrolopyrrole alternating copolymers for transistors

Alternating copolymers, poly(2,5-bis(2-decyltetradecyl)-3,6-di(furan-2-yl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione-b-(E)-1,2-di(furan-2-yl)ethene) (P(FDPP-FVF)) and poly(2,5-bis(2-decyltetradecyl)-3,6-di(thiophen-2-yl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione-b-(E)-1,2-di(furan-2-yl)ethene) (P(ThDPP-FVF)), composed of (E)-1,2-di(furan-2-yl)ethene and diketopyrrolopyrrole, were synthesized and studied for solution-processable organic field effect transistors (OFETs). Highest hole mobilities of 0.45 and 0.24 cm2 V−1 s−1 were measured for P(FDPP-FVF) and P(ThDPP-FVF), respectively, in bottom gate-bottom contact transistor devices. Atomic force microscopy and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction experiments were employed to investigate the crystallinity and morphology for the spin-cast polymer films. It is noteworthy that the thermally annealed P(FDPP-FVF) film exhibited higher crystallinity and small π-stacking distance of 3.47 A. Moreover, considering the easy synthesis from renewable furfural and better performance of P(FDPP-FVF), our results provide an alternative design strategy for the synthesis of solution-based semiconducting polymers from renewable furan derivatives for OFETs.
High-resolution computer-aided moire

This paper presents a high resolution computer assisted moire technique for the measurement of displacements and strains at the microscopic level. The detection of micro-displacements using a moire grid and the problem associated with the recovery of displacement field from the sampled values of the grid intensity are discussed. A two dimensional Fourier transform method for the extraction of displacements from the image of the moire grid is outlined. An example of application of the technique to the measurement of strains and stresses in the vicinity of the crack tip in a compact tension specimen is given.
Photocatalytic decomposition of acetic acid on TiO2

During room‐temperature transient experiments, acetic acid decomposes photocatalytically on TiO2 in an inert atmosphere by two parallel pathways. One pathway forms CO2 and C2H6 in a 2:1 ratio, and H2O forms with lattice oxygen that was extracted from the surface. The other pathway forms CO2 and CH4 in a 1:1 ratio.
Infinite Processes: Background to Analysis. By A. Gardiner

(1983). Infinite Processes: Background to Analysis. By A. Gardiner. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 90, No. 9, pp. 651-653.