cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Parasitic databases: an investigation

A parasitic database combines the fundamental principles of parasitic storage with those of database theory to create a distributed data storage strategy that provides basic database functionality in a design intended to maintain high data security. This approach is inspired by parasitic network storage in which information is stored across many machines, usually unbeknownst to their owners, in network traffic using a communication protocol such as Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) or Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). The basis for parasitic data storage is that user data is "stored" by being continually transferred between various network nodes. For this investigation, a XML database design is used rather than the traditional RDMBS approach because the structure of XML is more suited to this kind of deployment. Data is "stored" in database data packets across multiple network nodes by splitting and distributing it in the "Data" fields of ICMP packets. To be successful, various issues need to be addressed, including: the implementation of traditional database DDL and DML functionality; maintaining data integrity and providing ACID; calculating and handling sufficient network redundancy; and the implementation of security features, such as encryption and the use of salt, to prevent the data from being viewed by unauthorized parties.
PG25, a pineal-specific cDNA, cloned by differential display PCR (DDPCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE)

Synthesis of melatonin in the mammalian pineal gland is regulated by the rhythmic expression of acetyl-CoA: serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT) and other unknown factors. To screen for pineal-specific mRNAs potentially involved in melatonin synthesis and/or regulation, differential display PCR (DDPCR) was employed. We used 80 primer pairs and examined 40 bands of interest. One of the pineal specific clones (relative to brain and eye), PG25, was studied further. Hybridization histochemical and Northern analyses confirmed its tissue specificity. The size of the corresponding mRNA is 2.4 kb. A cDNA (2 kb) containing the coding region was obtained using a long-template PCR-based RACE technique. A data base search indicates that PG25 is highly homologous to a recently identified human lung endothelial cell-specific gene, ESM-1. Interestingly, not only the amino acid sequences but also the cDNA sequences, including the long 3' untranslated regions, are highly similar. This suggests that the conserved 3' untranslated region may carry information to regulate its own expression. Northern analysis revealed that PG25 is also expressed in the rat lung, but at a much lower (10%) level compared to the pineal. Finally, our work shows the feasibility of a fast, integrated PCR-based cloning method for obtaining long, potentially full-length cDNAs with restricted expression in anatomically complex regions of the brain. This protocol combining several existing methodologies is suitable for use with limited tissue sources and uses minimal amounts of isotopes.
The Dynamics of Prices and Market Shares Over the Product Life Cycle

We analyze a duopoly through a differential game, in which the players set prices as functions of time. Under reasonable assumptions, we find that prices first decline, then increase. The market share of the biggest firm grows initially but decreases later. It is demonstrated that a firm may growth maximize early, but never late, in the product life cycle. Finally we show that only the low price firm will pay for informative advertising, whereas both firms will pay for persuasive advertising, though less if their market shares are very different.
Red Discoloration of Fully Cooked Chicken Products

SUMMARY Internal red discoloration of fully cooked, bone-in chicken products is considered a quality defect because consumers perceive that the meat is undercooked and unsafe for consumption. Sporadic occurrences of discoloration seem to be widespread within the industry, but no data are availabletoadequatelyassesstheincidenceorseverityofthisproblem.Therefore,productstypically available to the consumer either directly from the supermarket or indirectly through a wholesaler were evaluated to determine the relative occurrence and severity of internal red discoloration. Commercially fully cooked breasts, thighs, and drums were objectively and subjectively evaluated for internal red discoloration with the following product types: fried chicken from a supermarket deli, rotisserie chicken from a supermarket deli, frozen fried chicken from a supermarket freezer case, and, frozen fried chicken available wholesale as a commodity item. Overall, 11% of products sampled would likely generate consumer complaints or rejection, as 10.6 and 0.4% were scored as extensively or severely discolored, respectively. Of the remaining products, 60.5% had little or no discoloration, and 28.5% showed slight to moderate discoloration. The fried deli product seemed to have less discoloration than the other products tested. Objectively, breasts were less discolored than thighs or drums, and discoloration in the thigh was redder than breast or drum discoloration. The discolored areas in each piece were both darker and redder than nondiscolored (normal) areas within each piece. Red discoloration seems to be a persistent problem at a relatively low level and varies among product types.
A general chemical synthesis platform for crosslinking multivalent single chain variable fragments

Multivalent single chain variable fragments (scFv) show increased affinity to tumor-associated antigens compared to monovalent scFv and intact monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Multivalent constructs can be derived from self-associating or covalent scFv with covalent constructs offering improved in vivo and in vitro stability. Covalent attachment of scFv can be achieved using genetically engineered expression vectors that afford scFv with site specific cysteine functionality. Expression vectors for di-scFv-C wherein the cysteine is located in the center of two scFv have also been developed for attaching chemically reactive linkers. In the example illustrated here, the di-scFv-C is derived from a mAb directed against the MUC1 epitope, which is presented on cancer cells. To achieve multivalency, a chemical crosslinking strategy utilizing various azide and multi-alkyne functionalized polyethylene glycol (PEG) linkers was implemented. Conjugation was achieved by attachment of these linkers to the scFv thiol functionality. Chemoselective ligation was employed to covalently link different protein conjugates via copper(I) catalyzed azide alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC) chemistry. Ligations were achieved in >70% yield using a specific set of linkers as determined by SDS-PAGE and densitometry. ELISA showed increased tumor binding of a tetravalent scFv providing a versatile chemical crosslinking strategy for construction of multivalent and bi-specific immunoconjugates that retain biological activity and have potential application in pre-targeted radioimmunotherapy and imaging.
Instability, Laxity, and Physical Function in Patients With Medial Knee Osteoarthritis

Background and Purpose: Studies have identified factors that contribute to functional limitations in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA), including quadriceps femoris muscle weakness, joint laxity, and reports of knee instability. However, little is known about the relationship among these factors or their relative influence on function. The purpose of this study was to investigate self-reported knee instability and its relationships with knee laxity and function in people with medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). Participants: Fifty-two individuals with medial knee OA participated in the study. Methods: Each participant was classified into 1 of 3 groups based on reports of knee instability. Limb alignment, knee laxity, and quadriceps femoris muscle strength (force-generating capacity) were assessed. Function was measured with the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and a stair-climbing test (SCT). Group differences were detected with one-way analyses of variance, and relationships among variables were assessed with the Eta2 statistic and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: There were no differences in alignment, laxity, or strength among the 3 groups. Self-reported knee instability did not correlate with medial laxity, limb alignment, or quadriceps femoris muscle strength. Individuals reporting worse knee instability scored worse on all subsets of the KOOS. Self-reported knee instability scores significantly contributed to the prediction of all measures of function above that explained by quadriceps femoris muscle force, knee laxity, and alignment. Neither laxity nor alignment contributed to any measure of function. Discussion and Conclusion: Self-reported knee instability is a factor that is not directly associated with knee laxity and contributes to worse function. Further research is necessary to delineate the factors that contribute to self-reported knee instability and reduced function in this population.
Genomic changes associated with antigenic variation of visna virus. II. Common nucleotide sequence changes detected in variants from independent isolations.

Abstract Naturally occurring antigenic variants of visna virus isolated from two persistently infected sheep have been compared using RNAase T 1 fingerprint analysis of the viral RNAs. All the viruses examined have oligonucleotide changes in the 3′-terminal region of the viral genome and many of the alterations are common among the variants of both sheep. There is progressive accumulation of point mutations in the 3′-terminal region of antigenically altered viruses isolated from persistently infected animals. In addition, antigenic variants isolated independently from another sheep contain the same altered oligonucleotides; the nucleotide sequences of these oligonucleotides are identical. These data strongly suggest that the alterations observed in the nucleotide sequence of the variants are related to the change in their antigenic character.
IMPa-4, an Arabidopsis Importin α Isoform, Is Preferentially Involved in Agrobacterium-Mediated Plant Transformation

Successful transformation of plants by Agrobacterium tumefaciens requires that the bacterial T-complex actively escorts T-DNA into the host's nucleus. VirD2 and VirE2 are virulence proteins on the T-complex that have plant-functional nuclear localization signal sequences that may recruit importin alpha proteins of the plant for nuclear import. In this study, we evaluated the involvement of seven of the nine members of the Arabidopsis thaliana importin alpha family in Agrobacterium transformation. Yeast two-hybrid, plant bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and in vitro protein-protein interaction assays demonstrated that all tested Arabidopsis importin alpha members can interact with VirD2 and VirE2. However, only disruption of the importin IMPa-4 inhibited transformation and produced the rat (resistant to Agrobacterium transformation) phenotype. Overexpression of six importin alpha members, including IMPa-4, rescued the rat phenotype in the impa-4 mutant background. Roots of wild-type and impa-4 Arabidopsis plants expressing yellow fluorescent protein-VirD2 displayed nuclear localization of the fusion protein, indicating that nuclear import of VirD2 is not affected in the impa-4 mutant. Somewhat surprisingly, VirE2-yellow fluorescent protein mainly localized to the cytoplasm of both wild-type and impa-4 Arabidopsis cells and to the cytoplasm of wild-type tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cells. However, bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays indicated that VirE2 could localize to the nucleus when IMPa-4, but not when IMPa-1, was overexpressed.
Functional analysis of finger contact locations during grasping

In this paper we present a method for studying human selection of fingertip contact point locations during grasping and manipulation. Our aim is to perform a functional analysis, looking at how a particular choice of contact point distribution affects the subjects' ability to resist external forces applied to the grasped object. We rely on grasp quality metrics derived from the Grasp Wrench Space, a method traditionally used for quantifying robotic grasps. We illustrate this approach by studying human grasps of a spherical object under a number of different disturbances. Our results indicate that the quality metrics we use can help explain the subjects' choice of contact points, although other possible grasping strategies may exist.
THE SPECIFICITY OF ALLERGIC REACTIONS III. CONTACT HYPERSENSITIVITY

Intradermal injection of a simple hapten (e.g., 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene) in water-in-oil emulsion results in contact hypersensitivity to surface application of the homologous hapten and, after appearance of circulating antibody, in Arthus type hypersensitivity to a conjugate of homologous hapten with guinea pig serum. Intradermal administration of this conjugate induces delayed and subsequently Arthus hypersensitivity to the conjugate, but no evidence of a contact reaction to the hapten alone. When a conjugate of hapten plus solubilized guinea pig skin is used as the sensitizing antigen, both contact hypersensitivity to the hapten and delayed and/or Arthus reactions to the conjugate develop. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that the specificity of contact sensitivity is directed toward some particular protein of the skin which has been modified by combination with hapten.
A technique for relating long-range base pairing on single-stranded DNA and eukaryotic RNA processing

Abstract Our previous results have shown that after photochemical crosslinking with psoralens in solutions of different concentrations of NaCl, short (100–300 base pairs) hairpins can be stabilized on denatured Simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA for electron microscope visualization. Six major hairpins were mapped. This study has been extended by crosslinking single stranded SV40 linear molecules, EcoRI-SV40 and Bgl I-SV40, in the presence of magnesium ions. After the reaction, in addition to the hairpins detected before, seven DNA hairpins, and hairpin loops with sizes from 300 to nearly 2000 nucleotides are observed. These loops are located at specific regions on the SV40 genome; at the EcoRI map positions (0.16 ± 0.02)/(0.26 ± 0.03), (0.33 ± 0.03)/(0.39 ± 0.03), (0.51 ± 0.03)/(0.57 ± 0.03), (0.72 ± 0.03)/(0.78 ± 0.04), (0.74 ± 0.03)/(0.85 ± 0.03), (0.77 ± 0.05)/(0.94 ± 0.03), and at (0.74 ± 0.04)/(0.09 ± 0.07). At least three of these loops are found in regions thought to be involved in splicing of the early and late SV40 transcripts: (0.51 ± 0.03)/(0.57 ± 0.03), (0.72 ± 0.03)/(0.78 ± 0.04), (0.77 ± 0.05)/(0.94 ± 0.03). These loop structures are most likely to arise from base pairing between distant regions of the single-stranded DNA, RNA transcribed from the double-stranded DNA template is expected to behave in a similar way, possibly providing recognition sites for processing (splicing) enzymes.
DETAILED ANALYSIS OF THE 1962 COLUMBUS DAY WINDSTORM IN OREGON AND WASHINGTON

Abstract The most destructive windstorm of recorded history in the Pacific Northwest occurred on October 12, 1962. With a method between that of mesoanalysis and ordinary synoptic analysis, detailed reanalysis was made of the structure of the storm over Oregon and Washington, including isobaric patterns and frontal positions at I-hr. intervals. The significant features of the storm are described. Comparison is made with other notable windstorms in the region. The pressure pattern is used to determine location and magnitude of maximum winds.
Long-term continence outcomes in men undergoing radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer.

Background: Urinary incontinence is a common short-term complication of radical prostatectomy (RP). Little is known about the long-term impact of RP on continence. Objective: To elucidate the long-term progression of continence after RP. Design, setting, and participants: From October 2000 through September 2012, 1788 men undergoing open RP for clinically localized prostate cancer by a single surgeon at an urban tertiary care center prospectively signed consent to be followed before RP and at 3, 6, 12, 24, 96, and 120 mo after RP. A consecutive sampling method was used and all men were included in this study. Intervention: Men underwent open RP.
Efficient unidirectional error codes for block memories

Unidirectional error-correcting (UEC) codes are presented that are suitable for memory systems in which data are stored in blocks consisting of tracks. UEC codes are proposed that can correct any error pattern consisting of unidirectional errors confined to a single track. For two or more information tracks, a code exists for any given nontrivial length. It is shown that the codes can be constructed for any large track length and codes can have significantly higher information rates than other such UEC codes. >
Adaptive selective kernel learning algorithms

This paper studies kernel regression problems. The focus is on studying kernel algorithms that use the least squares criterion and developing methods so that the solution in the dual observation space intelligently chooses training examples. The least squares-support vector machine (LS-SVM) and variants have attracted researchers as the solution to nonlinear problems can be formulated as an optimization problem that involves finding a solution to a set of linear equations in the primal or dual spaces. A drawback of using the LS-SVM is that the solution is not sparse, but involves a solution to a set of linear equations in the dual space that is dependent on the number of observations. This paper discusses an on-line algorithm that selectively chooses to add and delete training observations. Through examples we show that this algorithm can outperform LS-SVM solutions that use a larger window of randomly trained examples.
GT3F: An Implicit Finite-Difference Computer Code for Transient Three-Dimensional Three-Phase Flow. Part I. Governing Equations and Solution Scheme.

This article describes the modeling bases and numerics of the computer code GT3F. Vie code has been developed for the numerical solution of transient, three-dimensional, continuum-mechanical conservation equations for a three-phase flow composed of a liquid phase, a gas phase, and a third dispersed solid or liquid phase. Separate mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations for each phase are included. The numerical solution scheme is based on the implicit, Eulerian finite-difference technique, and utilizes a point-relaxation Gauss-Seidel iteration method for solving the system of coupled, nonlinear equations resulting from the finite differencing. The continuum mechanical conservation equations, and the method used for their numerical solution, are described in this part. In Part II, the numerical scheme is applied to a stream explosion transient.
A Comparison of Complementary and Kalman Filtering

A technique used in the flight control industry for estimation when combining measurements is the complementary filter. This filter is usually designed without any reference to Wiener or Kalman filters, although it is related to them. This paper, which is mainly tutorial, reviews complementary filtering and shows its relationship to Kalman and Wiener filtering.
The use of hypertext in the writing of group papers

The Virtual Constructing Tool (VCT) was developed at the Nijmegen School of Management in 1998. The VCT is intended to facilitate the process of writing group papers through the use of construction and communication tools and is based completely on the Internet. The VCT allows a paper to be structured by means of hyperlinking and cooperation between students. Students are allowed to divide tasks, but they are held responsible for the quality of the arguments in the paper as a whole. They are invited to spend time in dealing with validity claims and in building a valid train of thought. Producing a group paper includes four interrelated working processes: exploring the subject, exchanging information, arguing and discussing and editing. Hyperlinking offers a contribution in each of these processes which varies from associative linking of pieces of information to strengthening linear structuring. Therefore, a different perspective has been taken to that of those authors who consider hyperlinking as a tool par excellence for the nonlinear production of information.
Polarization Effect on Optical xor Performance Based on Four-Wave Mixing

Polarization sensitivity of an optical exclusive or (XOR) gate based on four-wave mixing (FWM) in highly nonlinear fiber is investigated. FWM is a polarization-sensitive process, and the optical XOR gate can be built using this polarization-sensitive characteristic. The FWM-based optical XOR does not require the input signals to have narrow pulsewidths, and works well for nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) signals. We experimentally demonstrate the XOR of two NRZ polarization-modulated (PolM) signals using a 35-cm highly nonlinear bismuth oxide fiber, and analyze the effect of polarization mismatch on the XOR output. The bit-error rate is measured with different polarization settings between the two inputs, and a power penalty of only 0.5 dB results from 10° of polarization misalignment. The polarization modulation depth accuracy of the optical XOR inputs are found to be important to avoid uncertainty in the XOR logic levels. The difference in the XOR logic level cannot prevent the XOR input logic being visible from the output, which is not favorable in certain XOR applications.
Color, Form, and Motion: Dimensions of a Musical Art of Light

Lumia are an art form that permits visual artists to play images in the way that musicians play with sounds. Though the idea of creating lumia has a long historical tradition, modern graphically-based computers make it possible to design instruments for creating lumia that are more flexible and easier to play than at any previous time in the history of art. In designing and playing lumia, three principal dimensions require attention: color, form, and motion. By organizing the design of lumia and instruments for creating them along these dimensions, it is possible to learn a great deal from art theory and history, as guidelines have been devised for the effective use of each of these dimensions.
Wireless Web Services using Mobile Agents and Ontologies

We discuss the integration of two contemporary service technologies: Web services and mobile agents. We exploit the capabilities offered by mobile agents to query and invoke semantically enriched Web services without the need for simultaneous, online presence of the service requestor. Such service setting is ideal for wireless/mobile computing, where user terminals are not necessarily online during their entire session. To improve the capabilities of service registries met in the Web services reference architecture, we exploit the advantages of the semantic Web framework. Specifically, we use enhanced registries enriched with semantic information that provide semantic matching to service queries and published service descriptions
A kidney gone astray under pressure.

A 58-year-old man underwent elective repair of a type 2 thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. On post-operative day 10, he developed acute onset of dyspnoea and abdominal pain. He was hypotensive and oliguric, with a rigid and distended abdomen. Laboratories showed acute renal failure (ARF) with a rise in the serum creatinine to 2.7 mg/dL from a baseline of 1.4 mg/dL. Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) measured via intravesical cannulation was 47 mmHg, consistent with grade 4 intra-abdominal hypertension [1]. A diagnosis of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) was made. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a massive retroperitoneal fluid collection (asterisk) displacing the left kidney (solid arrow) from its normal position into the right upper quadrant (Figure ​(Figure1).1). The spleen (arrowhead) and bowel were also shifted, while the right kidney (hollow arrow) remained in the right retroperitoneum. Emergent decompressive laparotomy was performed with evacuation of 10 L of fluid and placement of a retroperitoneal drain. IAP decreased to 8 mmHg with resolution of the ARF. During his convalescence, the patient had persistently high drain outputs of 4–5 L a day suspicious for a chyle leak. After post-pyloric administration of heavy cream, the retroperitoneal fluid triglyceride level increased from 16 mg/dL to 477 mg/dL consistent with chylous fluid. The retroperitoneum was explored and multiple chyle leaks were seen along the aortic aortomy in the aneurysm sac and were ligated. The patient made a full recovery, and a subsequent CT angiogram to evaluate the aneurysm repair demonstrated return of the left kidney (solid arrow) to its normal position (Figure ​(Figure22). Fig. 1 Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis. The abdominal contents, including the left kidney (solid arrow) and spleen (arrowhead), are displaced into the right upper quadrant by a large retroperitoneal fluid collection (asterisk). ... Fig. 2 Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis performed 2 months after abdominal decompression. The retroperitoneal fluid collection is no longer present and the left (solid arrow) and right (hollow arrow) kidneys are back to their normal ... ACS is common in critically ill patients after abdominal trauma or surgery or aggressive volume resuscitation with the development of ascites. Renal injury is thought to be due to decreased renal perfusion from extrinsic compression of the kidneys and low cardiac output from impaired venous return [2]. Abdominal decompression is the hallmark of treatment in severe cases. Although ACS is an infrequent complication of aortic surgery, vigilance should be maintained as this case illustrates. Conflict of interest statement. None declared.
Oscillatory convection in a rotating layer

Abstract The stability of travelling and standing rolls in oscillatory rotating convection is considered from the point of view of equivariant bifurcation theory. To study stability with respect to oblique perturbations the problem is formulated on a rotating rhombic lattice. All primary solution branches with maximal isotropy are determined together with their stability properties using a truncation of the most general equivariant vector field at third order. In addition as many as seven branches of temporally periodic or quasiperiodic solutions with submaximal isotropy may be present. Instabilities analogous to the Kuppers-Lortz instability of steady rolls in rotating convection are uncovered for both travelling rolls and for standing rolls. These instabilities are triggered by the formation of a heteroclinic orbit connecting two travelling roll states or two sets of standing rolls with different wave vectors. Conditions are given for the formation and asymptotic stability of a structurally stable heteroclinic cycle connecting four travelling roll states. The results are compared with recent studies of oscillatory patterns on a rotating square lattice and on a nonrotating rhombic lattice.
Successes and snags of a sustainability course in higher education

By means of an action-research methodological approach, this paper analyses the accomplishments and challenges of a university-wide course that offers sustainability theory and practice to help students adopt pro-sustainability behaviours and analyse public policies that seek to transform urban areas into truly sustainable places. Through the lens of the four pillars of sustainability - environmental, social, economic, and cultural - the course explores various topics related to sustainability (e.g., energy and water conservation; housing design and construction; transportation; social and biological diversity; and war and peace) but pays particular attention to the themes of education; food production; and intentional communities. Despite the popularity of the course, it has encountered various ideological and logistical challenges that at times have imposed significant constraints on the course's trajectory. The paper examines ways of overcoming these obstacles.
Improved storage of platelets for transfusion in a new container.

The storage of platelet concentrates (PC) at 22°C in Polyvinylchloride containers has been limited to 3 days. Even within this time interval, fall in pH to 6.0 or less with associated loss of viability occurs in a substantial number of PC. Previous work demonstrated that the fall in pH resulted from increased production of lactic acid due to hypoxic conditions within the container and could be prevented by storage in a container constructed from material that was more permeable to oxygen than conventional Polyvinylchloride plastic, PL-146. We have now studied PC storage in a new polyolefin plastic, PL-732. This material has increased permeability to oxygen, and pH fall to less than 6.0 does not occur during 5 days of storage. In autologous studies using chromium-51 labeling, mean in vivo recovery and survival T1/2 were 51% and 3.1 days, respectively, after 5 days of storage. After the same storage interval, mean corrected platelet increments in thrombocytopenic patients were 15.7, 11.1, and 6.9 × 103/cu mm/sq m/1011 platelets infused at 1-3,4-6, and 24 hr after infusion. In paired studies in the same patient, PC stored for 5 days in PL-732 were consistently superior to PC stored for 3 days in PL-146. At 4-6 and 24 hr after infusion, bleeding times were shortened appropriately for the elevation of the platelet count achieved. These good results were achieved by agitating PC (50 ml) on a flat-bed agitator at 70 cycles per minute. Inconsistent results were observed in autologous studies with two other forms of agitation. We conclude that the use of PL-732 will permit the satisfactory storage of PC for 5 days at 22°C. Storage of PC at 4°C has not been evaluated in this container.
Transition of Care

All adolescent patients require a high-quality, comprehensive, patient-centered and developmentally appropriate care plan that effects a seamless transition of care into adulthood. The following seven critical steps are adapted with modification from the AAP/AAFP/ACP document “A Consensus Statement on Health Care Transitions for Young Adults With Special Health Care Needs.” Indeed these apply to the care of all patients.
Public Land Banking and Mount Laurel II — Can There Be a Symbiotic Relationship?

The story behind the litigation that produced two decisions in Southern Burlington County NAACP v. Township of Mount Laurel may accurately be told in terms of plans having gone awry. The New Jersey Supreme Court invalidated the two attempts by Mount Laurel to regulate land through the implementation of fiscal zoning ordinances. In its most recent decision, Mount Laurel II, the court imposed upon communities a state constitutional obligation to provide adequate housing opportunities for low- and moderate-income families. Mount Laurel II thus defines the constitutional limitations on a municipality's power to regulate land. It also establishes a supporting corollary: in order to fulfill this constitutional obligation, a municipality must plan for the growth of its low- and moderate-income population by providing adequate housing opportunities for this population This Article presents an alternative land use regulation, a municipal land bank, as a means to aid municipalities in planning for and providing housing opportunities for its low- and moderate-income families. Municipal land banks acquire, manage, and dispose of land according to legislatively authorized policies and objectives, and can help ensure that sufficient land is available to provide for a municipality's supply of fair share housing. In addition, a municipal land bank would shift the responsibility of designing affirmative measures to attack exclusionary zoning practices from the judiciary to the legislature. The Article presents a policy overview of legislation and planning regulations necessary for the establishment of land banks, as well as the interrelationship between the local governmental body an the state and regional agencies that will oversee the operation. Part II focuses on the Mount Laurel doctrine through an examination of Mount Laurel I and Mount Laurel II. The section concludes that the establishment of a municipal land bank would better serve the Mount Laurel doctrine than the remedy proposed by the court in Mount Laurel II. Part III introduces the concept of land banking, and provides a description of its operation and its implementation in foreign countries. The American Law Institute's study of land banking is also considered. Part IV discusses the legal issues surrounding the land banking concept: the constitutionality of the acquisition of property, the requirement that the land banking objectives benefit the general welfare of the public, and judicial review of land dispositions. Finally, Part V considers issues related to the operation of the land bank, including the legislation necessary to establish entities to oversee the land bank, as well as local development plans.
CodeSnaps: Block-Based Robotic Programming for the Low-Budget Classroom

Robotics and block-based languages have been growing in popularity as a way to introduce computer science topics to young audiences. This approach focuses on capturing interests by reducing the complexity required to learn to program. Unfortunately, many K-12 classrooms do not have the budgets necessary to provide each student with the technologies required by these approaches. As a solution, we developed CodeSnaps, a tool that provides an engaging coding experience for an entire classroom with minimal technology requirements. CodeSnaps brings the interest and simplicity of block-based robotic programming to any student in a classroom with at least one iPad and one Sphero Robot (www.sphero.com). With CodeSnaps, students can program at their desks independently or in groups using printable paper coding blocks similar to Blockly (developers.google.com/blockly). When their program is ready, students can "snap" their code (i.e., take a picture) with the iPad. The CodeSnaps app then translates their work to a digital version that is finally executed by Sphero. The CodeSnaps environment will also be freely available with the goal of reaching as many budding computer scientists as possible.
Primary Lymphoma of Bone Complicating Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Unexpected Mode of Prosthesis Failure

Case: Primary lymphoma of bone is a rare musculoskeletal malignancy that typically arises in long bones. Few cases of bone lymphoma occurring alongside orthopaedic implants have been reported in the literature. We describe the complex case of a seventy-eight-year-old woman who developed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the proximal part of the tibia five years after a successful total knee arthroplasty. Conclusion: Several studies have suggested a link between orthopaedic implants and genomic instability, although true carcinogenesis remains questionable. Lymphoma complicating joint arthroplasty poses a unique problem for orthopaedic physicians due to diagnostic challenges and the unique implications of disease and treatment-related complications.
Symbiotic growth of pleuropneumonia-like organisms with bacterial colonies.

SummaryNine of 14 strains of PPLO of human origin and one strain of rat origin were observed to grow on beef heart infusion agar without ascitic fluid or serum only in symbiosis with Staphylococcus albus and all 15 strains grew in symbiosis with Proteus vulgaris.
Structural Health Monitoring of a Nonlinear Aeroelastic System Based on Attractor Analysis

The dynamic response of a thermo-shielding panel forced by unsteady aerodynamic loads and a archetypal Duffing oscillator are investigated to detect structural damage. A nonlinear aeroelastic model is obtained for the panel by using third order piston theory to model the unsteady supersonic flow which interacts with the panel. To identify damage, we analyze the shape of the attractor of the dynamics of the aeroelastic system and the Duffing oscillator. Measurements are obtained by simulation at only one location along the panel. Damages of various locations, extents and levels are shown to be revealed by the attractor-based analysis. For the panel, the type of damage considered is a local reduction in the bending stiffness. For the Duffing oscillator, variations in the linear and nonlinear stiffnesses and damping are considered as damage. Most of the current studies of such problems are based on linear theories. In contrast, the results presented are obtained using nonlinear dynamics, and have the advantage of an increased accuracy and sensitivity.© 2004 ASME
SINOPEC's coal-bed methane development potential

Large amount of coalbed methane(CBM)is produced in the US,Canada,and Australia.From the development of CBM industry at home and abroad,we can see that 1)the development of CBM industry is a long and rough road;2)favorable policies will help to promote the development of CBM industry;3)rapid development of CBM industry needs the involvement of big oil companies.SINOPEC has more than 8 trillion cubic meters of CBM resources.Analysis of geology and block screening reveal that the Heshun block in the Qinshui basin,the southern margin and the northern part of Ordos Basin and the eastern Yunnan-western Guizhou region are the key areas for developing CBM in the near term.We suggest Sinopec see CBM as important as conventional oil/gas and adopt positive investment strategies.First,get access to as many as CBM resources both at home and abroad through block leasing,acquisition and cooperation with other companies.Second,treat existing blocks differently.For the Yanchuannan,Heshun and Zhijin blocks which have already found CBM,pilot production and further appraisal should be conducted in order to realize commercial production.For blocks in the northern part and the southern margin of Ordos Basin and in the eastern Yunnan-western Guizhou region,exploration should be deepened in order to make a breakthrough.For blocks in southern North China Basin and Northwest China,exploratory work should be carried out in order to appraise their CBM potential.Third,intensify investment in RD and build an integrated team of management,production and scientific research to ensure the fast and healthy development of SINOPEC's CBM exploration and production.
Velocity structure near IODP Hole U1309D, Atlantis Massif from waveform inversion of streamer data and borehole measurements

Seismic full waveform inversion (FWI) is a promising method for determining the detailed velocity structure of the igneous oceanic crust, especially for locations such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge with significant lateral heterogeneity and seafloor topography. We examine the accuracy of FWI by inverting, after downward continuation to datum just above the seafloor, a multichannel seismic (MCS) profile from Atlantis Massif oceanic core complex at 30°N that passes close to Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Hole U1309D and comparing the results against borehole measurements and existing on-bottom refraction data. The comparisons include the results of IODP Expedition 340T, which extended the sonic logging and vertical seismic profiling to the bottom of the borehole at 1400 m below seafloor. Compared to travel time tomography, the refinement in velocity and velocity gradient produced by FWI significantly improves the overall match to the borehole measurements, and allows the multilevel pattern of deformation and alteration of the detachment footwall seen in Hole U1309D to be extrapolated across the Central Dome. Prestack depth migration of the profile using the FWI velocities reveals the top and edges of the high-velocity, gabbroic core of the massif. It also indicates that the comparatively uniform gabbroic rocks drilled at Hole U1309D extend to ∼2.5 km below seafloor but overlie an extended, ∼2 km thick, mantle transition zone.
Serum protein changes in myelogenous and lymphocytic leukemias and Hodgkin's disease.

1. Using a methyl alcohol fractionation technic, the albumin, globulin, and total protein levels were determined in a series of normal adults and compared with cases of myelogenous and lymphocytic leukemias and Hodgkin’s disease. 2. Statistically significant decreases in albumin and increases in globulin were found in the cases of Hodgkin’s disease and myelogenous leukemia, but without significant changes in total protein. Globulin levels above the highest normal value were found in 23 per cent of the former and 33 per cent of the latter group. 3. No apparent relationship was noted between the levels of the serum protein fractions and (1) the hemoglobin level, (2) the erythrocyte count, (3) the peripheral white blood cell picture, and (4) the bone marrow smears. The authors wish to express their appreciation to Professor Ovid O. Meyer, Department of Medicine, for making available the clinical material in this study and for valuable suggestions. The authors are also indebted to Professor J. A. E. Eyster, Department of Physiology, for suggestions as to statistical treatment of the data.
Architecture agnostic energy model for GPU-based design

Since 3D graphic applications have reached mobile devices and known a tremendous expansion, graphic processors' power consumption has become a major challenge in mobile SoC design. We propose a high-level hardware agnostic model endorsed by GPU energy consumption measurements under specific 3D graphic applications running. The modeling method comprises of two phases where the first phase is GPU hardware dependent, whereas the second phase takes graphics API trace information only per a target application. Our model shows an average relative error as small as −5.43% in a run-time of 2 seconds for the well-known benchmark glmark2.
Early Interactions and Leader-Specific Reputations for Resolve

How do leaders develop reputations for resolve across repeated interactions? While scholars have considered whether leaders or states acquire these reputations and find that leaders can develop their own reputations for resolve, researchers know relatively little about the process by which these leader-specific reputations develop over time. This article examines the conditions affecting leader-specific reputation development. More specifically, this article presents three key hypotheses regarding these leader-specific reputations. First, statements will be more influential early during a leader’s tenure. Second, statements will create expectations of future behavior. Third, early perceptions of resolve will significantly condition later assessments. Through a series of process tracing experimental surveys, this study finds that reputations for resolve are path dependent, as early perceptions of resolve significantly influence later perceptions. Furthermore, statements do create expectations of future behavior, and it is by meeting or defying these expectations that a leader’s reputation is improved or injured. However, statements remain significant throughout the experiment, indicating verbal commitments signal resolve in a variety of contexts. These results remain robust even when controlling for intervening factors. The implications of these findings for both scholars and policymakers are discussed, and this study concludes that temporal considerations are an important conditioning factor to leader-specific reputation development. The results of this study confirm that leaders can develop reputations and illustrate how individual leaders develop these reputations for resolve over time.
Social Media and Outbound Ticket Sales: Examining Social Media Strategies Among Top-Performing Salespeople

This paper examines current implementation of social media strategies by ticket salespeople. A sample of 126 ticket sales professionals across professional, collegiate, and minor league sport responded to a survey measuring social media usage rates across a variety of platforms, social media use throughout the sales process, and sales performance. Results indicate that overall ticket salespeople are not incorporating social media into their regular sales initiatives. However, top-performing sales professionals do tend to use social media more regularly than baseline ticket sales representatives when approaching and discovering the needs of their customers. Given the rise of social media as a business-to-business communication medium, ticket sales managers should consider incorporating more training and empowering their salesforces to leverage social media to facilitate greater sales success.
The struggle for schizophrenia treatment: A case study

Abstract Individual of legal age with schizophrenia presenting anosognosia was abandoned, as a result of a court decision. Close family members were not allowed to provide medical follow-up, treatment, protection regarding his vulnerability, and preserve the dignity of their loved one. The issue was the court's prioritization of the autonomy of the individual over his mental health status. The purpose of this case study was to identify the pitfalls of a court case seeking medical follow-up and treatment for a family member with schizophrenia and anosognosia. The method was qualitative and the design was descriptive and instrumental, linking the law to the life experience resulting from the procedures for its implementation. This study examined the difference between clinical and medical–legal evaluation of the examinee. The application of the Therapeutic Jurisprudence principles to the high number of schizophrenia cases with anosognosia, the abandonment of the mentally ill, and family crisis call healthcare providers and the Judiciary for an improvement action of the process of guardianship.
Design of a compact and high performance 263 GHz SB-TWT circuit

A compact, high performance staggered double grating (SDG) slow wave structure (SWS) circuit has been designed for a 263 GHz sheet beam traveling wave tube amplifier (SB-TWTA) for use in an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer system being developed at UC Davis under National Science Foundation (NSF) Multidisciplinary Research Initiative (MRI) funding. By adopting a phase matching choke, the input/output structure exhibits superior low frequency band edge transmission characteristics. A compact sever is employed to broaden the bandwidth and reduce the overall circuit length thereby benefiting the S-parameters and the electron optical system design. The circuit was fabricated using Nano-CNC milling technology and the transmission and reflection parameters of the circuit were measured prior to diffusion bonding. In order to extend the operating bandwidth of the device, a hybrid mode transmission pill-box CVD window is employed. The Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio (MWS) results indicate the maximum reflection losses (S 11 ) for the circuit over 245–285 GHz are −15 dB, while the transmission coefficient (S21) exceeds −0.5 dB. The maximum VSWR for the pill-box window within a 36 GHz bandwidth is less than 1.25.
Do tort reforms impact the incidence of birth by cesarean section? A reassessment

Investigations into the existence and impact of defensive medicine in obstetrics have produced mixed and often conflicting implications. The most widely-cited and accepted results in this literature find that less severe malpractice environments cause an increase in the use of cesarean section. This has been interpreted as "offensive medicine"; taking advantage of lenient malpractice environments by providing unnecessary services in order to raise revenue. In this article we show that an assumption concerning births with an unknown method of delivery, which is not explicitly stated in the literature, is pivotal in obtaining these results. Using data on tort reforms and birth outcomes from 1989 to 2001 in 24 US states, we show that for the 98.4% of births with a confirmed method of delivery, the estimated effects of tort reform on C-section rates are insignificant. Therefore, without this assumption, there is little evidence to support an interpretation of offensive medicine.