cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Itinerant Passions of Protestant Pastors: Ministerial Elopement Scandals in the Gilded Age and Progressive Era Press

Between 1870 and 1914, at least 266 Protestant ministers abandoned their posts, left their homes and families, and eloped with women who were not their wives. As critics of religion used these elopement scandals to discredit American Protestantism, those sympathetic to religion's hold on American morality attempted to dissuade the press from indulging in the sensational. Though initially hesitant to report on Protestant pastors' immoralities in this period, the press eventually came to an almost universal acceptance of scandal as a legitimate journalistic genre. As the public wondered what the proliferation of sex scandals among the Protestant elites might mean for religion in America, the press used the genre of ministerial elopement as an entree into larger cultural debates about religion, marriage, and romantic love in the Gilded Age and Progressive Era.
The WebID Protocol Enhanced with Biometrics and a Federated Enrollment Protocol

We are seamlessly integrating biometrics into the WebID decentralized authentication protocol. This involves constructing a method of user verification that allows for simple, easy, and safe access. WebIDs provide such things when compared to the traditional username and password user authentication. However, with the use of WebIDs, important information can be stolen if an attacker either gains direct access to the user’s computer. This possibility can be blocked with the inclusion of biometrics to the authentication process since biometric data (e.g., fingerprints, iris scan) is unique and not easily duplicated. We first created an enrollment protocol that verifies whether a user has a WebID while attempting to access a server. If they do, we permit the use to have access to the server, and if they do not, we register the user by accessing their own server. Implementing these features in the WebID protocol would significantly improve the security of user authentication.
A preliminary investigation of universal mental health screening practices in schools

Abstract Many school-aged children possessing or displaying characteristics of a mental health disorder go unidentified and untreated (Flisher et al., 1997; Merikangas et al., 2010; Ringel & Sturm, 2001). One supported approach, within an educational setting, to improve identification of children presenting mental health concerns is universal mental health screening (UMHS; Glover & Albers, 2007). Using survey methodology, the current study sought to build upon previous research by investigating the proportion of schools currently conducting UMHS and exploring barriers and other factors influencing the conducting of UMHS within schools. Despite its widespread support, nearly every Indiana school principal in the current study (n = 245) reported that their school does not conduct UMHS. A lack of access to and funding for mental health screeners were the two most commonly reported reasons why principals sampled suggested that their school does not conduct UMHS. Without the increased adoption and implementation of preventative, proactive practices, such as the conducting of UMHS in schools, significant improvements in the identification and subsequent intervention or treatment of children and adolescents demonstrating mental health concerns may remain unrealized.
Biomimetic strategy to stabilize the mechanical properties of caries-affected dentin matrix: A 12-month in vitro study.

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of dentin biomodification on the long-term strength of sound and caries-affected (CA) dentin as a strategy to stabilize the dentin matrix. The biomodification strategy utilized a naturally occurring proanthocyanidin-rich Vitis vinifera grape seeds (Vv), and compared with glutaraldehyde (GD). METHODS Dentin from sound and carious human molars were sectioned from mid-coronal dentin. The temperature denaturation (Td) was assessed using differential scanning calorimetry in sealed pans. The inhibitory effect of the agents on the activity of recombinant MMP-2 and -9 were assessed using colorimetric assay. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of demineralized dentin were determined 24 hours after treatment and after 12 months storage in simulated body fluid. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and post-hoc tests ( α= 0.05). RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in the Td between sound and CA dentin (P= 0.140); however, Vv and GD significantly increased the Td of both substrates (P< 0.001), indicating formation of collagen cross-linking. The activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were reduced by Vv and GD in a concentration dependent manner. The UTS of dentin matrix was significantly affected by treatments and storage times (P< 0.001). After a 12-month period, a significant decrease in UTS was observed for sound and CA, with complete solubilization of the CA dentin matrix. Vv and GD stabilized the UTS of both dentin substrates (P< 0.05). Sound and CA dentin matrix were susceptible to degradation after the 12-month period. Degradation of dentin matrix due to endogenous proteases activity was more pronounced in CA dentin. Dentin biomodification strategies increased the thermal stability and enhanced the long-term mechanical properties of both sound and CA dentin matrix. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Carious dentin matrix is more susceptible to breakdown over time than sound dentin; however, the degradation process can be impaired by dentin biomodification. This biomimetic strategy increases the long-term tensile strength of the dentin matrix. Reinforcement of caries-affected dentin may increase longevity of adhesive interfaces.
Pervious concrete mixture optimization, physical, and mechanical properties and pavement design: A review

Abstract Pervious concrete has made a comeback as a green infrastructure solution for urban areas. The fast adoption of the permeable pavement practice by many cities worldwide warrants an urgent response from researchers to address the lack of standards for mixture optimization, pavement design, and characterization methods, which results in field placements with insufficient strength and durability. These critical issues are the topic of this review paper. Laboratory test results relevant to the mechanical and hydrological performance of pervious concrete, e.g., compressive and flexural strength, impact and abrasion resistance, porosity and permeability, and their interrelationships are discussed in great detail. The use of additives, alternative binders, fillers, and fibers from natural sources and waste streams and their impact on pervious concrete performance parameters is reviewed. Efforts in computational modeling of mechanical, structural, and hydrological behavior of pervious concrete materials and pervious concrete pavements are also presented. Based on this extensive review of state of the art on these important matters, the areas of need for future research are identified.
A meta-analysis of the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stroke care & the Houston Experience.

Objective To review the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on stroke care-metrics and report data from a health system in Houston. Methods We performed a meta-analysis of the published literature reporting stroke admissions, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) cases, number of thrombolysis (tPA) and thrombectomy (MT) cases, and time metrics (door to needle, DTN; and door to groin time, DTG) during the pandemic compared to prepandemic period. Within our hospital system, between January-June 2019 and January-June 2020, we compared the proportion of stroke admissions and door to tPA and MT times. Results A total of 32,640 stroke admissions from 29 studies were assessed. Compared to prepandemic period, the mean ratio of stroke admissions during the pandemic was 70.78% [95% CI, 65.02%, 76.54%], ICH cases was 83.10% [95% CI, 71.01%, 95.17%], tPA cases was 81.74% [95% CI, 72.33%, 91.16%], and MT cases was 88.63% [95% CI, 74.12%, 103.13%], whereas DTN time was 104.48% [95% CI, 95.52%, 113.44%] and DTG was 104.30% [95% CI, 81.99%, 126.61%]. In Houston, a total of 4808 cases were assessed. There was an initial drop of ~30% in cases at the pandemic onset. Compared to 2019, there was a significant reduction in mild strokes (NIHSS 1-5) [N (%), 891 (43) vs 635 (40), P = 0.02]. There were similar mean (SD) (mins) DTN [44 (17) vs 42 (17), P = 0.14] but significantly prolonged DTG times [94 (15) vs 85 (20), P = 0.005] in 2020. Interpretation The COVID-19 pandemic led to a global reduction in stroke admissions and treatment interventions and prolonged treatment time metrics.
Superconductivity in magnetically doped SrTiO3

Doped SrTiO3 is a superconductor whose pairing mechanism is still not fully understood. The response of a superconductor to impurities has long been used to obtain insights into the nature of the superconducting state. Here, the superconductivity of SrTiO3 films that are doped or alloyed with different rare earth ions, which carry a magnetic moment, is investigated. It is shown that large concentrations (up to a few percent) of rare earth ions with unpaired f-electrons, such as Sm and Eu, do not reduce the superconducting critical temperature and critical fields. The finding is independent of whether the rare earth ion acts as a dopant or is an isovalent impurity. The interactions between the superconducting condensate and the magnetic dopants that could result in the observed insensitivity to magnetic impurities are discussed.
Are All "Basic Emotions" Emotions? A Problem for the (Basic) Emotions Construct.

Despite decades of challenges to the idea that a small number of emotions enjoys the special status of “basic emotions,” the idea continues to have considerable influence in psychology and beyond. ...
Structural analysis of steel structures with non-symmetric members

Abstract Cold-formed steel components exist in a variety of structural systems including wall, floor, and roofing systems. A common feature of these cross sections is that they are often open and singly symmetric or point symmetric. While design requirements for these cross-sections account for the relevant effects resulting from their lack of symmetry, structural analysis programs do not always consider these effects. Engineers will use structural analysis programs to calculate the appropriate load sharing among members in the structural system. Accounting for the appropriate stiffness of each member and the related deformations is a vital component to determining the final distribution of bending moment, forces, and displacements. Many common structural analysis programs treat all sections as doubly symmetric without warping. Removing this assumption causes non-symmetric cross sections to exhibit nonplanar displacements and complicates the stability limits. The analysis of two structural systems composed of non-symmetric members was completed with varying member modeling assumptions utilizing multiple finite element software programs. A single channel portal frame was investigated that was subjected to simulated gravity load and wind loading with varying bracing support. Additionally, a roofing system with Z-section or channel purlins and channel bracing was investigated. The finite element analysis results were compared among the various modeling assumptions and existing experiments where available. It was observed that good agreement between the doubly symmetric and the more complex analyses was obtained in some instances, particularly when the members were loaded to low levels and highly constrained. However when loading is closer to the elastic limits and members can more freely move out-of-plane, the inclusion of non-symmetric section properties becomes a critical factor in determining an accurate response for both internal forces and displacements. The variations between these different analysis methods were found to be difficult to predict due to the cumulative effect of the competing mechanical behaviors that could result in either conservative or unconservative responses when ignoring non-symmetric behavior.
Dimensions of uncertainty: a spatiotemporal review of five COVID-19 datasets

COVID-19 surveillance across the United States is essential to tracking and mitigating the pandemic, but data representing cases and deaths may be impacted by attribute, spatial, and temporal uncer...
Allosteric Regulation of Human Plastins

Plastins/fimbrins are conserved actin-bundling proteins contributing to motility, cytokinesis, and other cellular processes by organizing actin assemblies of strikingly different geometries as in aligned bundles and branched networks. We propose that this unique ability stems from an allosteric communication between the two actin-binding domains (ABD1/2) engaged in a tight spatial association. We found that although ABD1 binds actin first, ABD2 can bind to actin three orders of magnitude stronger if not inhibited by an equally strong allosteric engagement with ABD1. Binding of ABD1 to actin lessened the inhibition, enabling weak bundling within aligned bundles. A mutation mimicking physiologically relevant phosphorylation at the ABD1-ABD2 interface strongly reduced their association, dramatically potentiating actin cross-linking. Cryo-EM reconstruction revealed the ABD1-actin interface and enabled modeling of the plastin bridge to confirm domain separation in parallel bundles. The characteristic domain organization with a strong allosteric inhibition imposed by ABD1 on ABD2 allows plastins to tune cross-linking, contributing to the assembly and remodeling of actin assemblies with different morphological and functional properties defining the unique place of plastins in actin organization.
Habitat Fragmentation and Burying Beetle Abundance and Success

Four species of burying beetle (Nicrophorus marginatus F., N. tomentosus Weber, N. orbicollis Say and N. defodiens Mannerheim) are attracted to small, fresh mouse carcasses in northern Michigan. The number of burying beetles and their success (burial of a carcass) were greater in woodlands than in edge or field habitats. Species diversity was least in open fields as assessed by two different indices of diversity. Nicrophorus marginatus was the only species captured in large fields ( 5 ha) suggesting that a minimum habitat size might be necessary to maintain local populations. In contrast to previous studies which employed pitfall traps baited with a large quantity of carrion, N. tomentosus was caught exclusively in woodlands at single mouse carcasses. In Connecticut woodlands, burying beetle success, assayed as the proportion of carcasses buried and held for 7 days, was significantly greater in larger as compared to smaller woodlands. The limited success of burying beetles in smaller woodlands was due, in part, to a higher rate of scavenging by vertebrates.
Dynamic traffic information from remote video monitors

Real-time video of traffic scenes contain a wealth of information not available from conventional point detectors. In addition to the instantaneous, wide-area coverage provided by image data, image sequences capture the dynamic aspects of the traffic. Initially, researchers concentrated on minimizing hardware complexity, and thus cost, at the expense of sophisticated algorithms that could more fully exploit the information inherent in image data. If image data could be processed in real-time to produce a track file for each object of interest, then the traffic flow through the scene would be fully characterized for traffic management purposes. This paper presents the status of work in process at the Environmental Research Institute of Michigan (ERIM) to develop real-time image processing algorithms for detecting and tracking vehicles in actual traffic settings. The image processing techniques for detecting and tracking will be illustrated, the corresponding computational resources will be described, and preliminary results on typical video sequences will be presented.
Abstract 19659: Early Detection of Right Ventricular Dysfunction Using Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Systemic Sclerosis Patients

Background: Cardiac involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc) adversely affects long-term prognosis, remaining undetectable despite frequent echocardiographic monitoring. Speckle tracking derived strain of the RV free wall was utilized to detect early changes in regional and global contractility in SSc patients. Methods: 138 SSc patients who had technically adequate, clinically indicated 2D echocardiograms were studied, and compared with a cohort of 40 age-matched non-scleroderma controls (C). Conventional 2D and off-line strain analysis were performed using commercially available software. RV longitudinal systolic strain (RVLSS) was assessed in the basal, mid and apical free wall. RVLSS in each segment was compared between SSc and C using a Student’s t test. We modeled RVLSS as a function of segment and disease group (SSc vs. C). T-test was used to compare the group difference, and GEE to account for clustering of RV strain values across the 3 RV segments. Results: Global RVLSS was diminished in SSc compared to C (β 1.5, p=0.045). Regional differences in RVLSS were also noted: decreased in the apex (SSc -8.5 vs C -17.2, p<0.0001) and mid (SSc -12.4 vs. -17.8, p<0.0001) segments and increased in the base (SSc -32.2 vs. C -22.5, p<0.0001) in SSc vs C. Among C, regional differences in RVLSS were detected in the basal segment relative to the apex (base-apex β -5.4; p<0.0001) but not in the mid-apex comparison. In contrast, SSc had significant regional differences throughout (base-apex β -23.6, mid-apex β -3.9, both p<0.0001), especially when comparing the basal to apical segments. The base-apex difference was significantly greater in SSc compared to C (p<0.0001 for interaction). While SSc had a higher mean PASP than C (SSc 31.4 vs C 22.7 mmHg, p=0.0001), the differences observed in regional strain between SSc and C were unchanged when restricting our analyses to those with a PASP<35 mmHg. Conclusion: In SSc patients, basal segments of the RV free wall had increased RVLSS, in comparison to mid and apical segments, and the base-apex difference with significantly higher than that seen in non-scleroderma controls. This heterogenous pattern of regional strain in SSc patients, regardless of PASP, suggests regional remodeling of the RV prior to the onset of overt RV dysfunction.
Complications of percutaneous liver biopsy in children

To determine the frequency and nature of complications after liver biopsy and whether risk factors could be identified to predict these complications, the medical records of all patients (age, 1 week to 28 years) who underwent a percutaneous liver biopsy at Children's Hospital over a 6-year period (1981-1986) were reviewed. Data were collected from 469 (97%) of 483 eligible charts. Twenty-one patients (4.5%) experienced major complications including bile leak (n = 3, 0.6%), prolonged drainage of ascitic fluid (n = 1, 0.2%), pneumothorax (n = 1, 0.2%), bleeding requiring transfusion (n = 13, 2.8%), and death (n = 3, 0.6%). A subgroup of patients (n = 37) with cancer or bone marrow transplantation was found to be at a nearly fivefold greater risk for transfusion than patients with other diagnoses (P = 0.02). All three deaths in previously stable patients occurred in this same high-risk group of patients with cancer or bone marrow transplantation (P less than 0.001). Two deaths resulted from disseminated intravascular coagulation and one from bleeding. Diagnosis, age, number of percutaneous passes, and prebiopsy coagulation studies were not predictive of subsequent complications. It is concluded that bleeding that requires transfusion is the most common liver biopsy complication and that it occurs more frequently in children than previously reported. Children with cancer or those who have undergone bone marrow transplantation are at a greater risk for bleeding and death following percutaneous liver biopsy.
Proteins of chromatin in template restriction: II. Specificity of RNA synthesis

Abstract Selective dissociation of histones from rat thymus chromatin resulted in a gradual loss of the specificity of DNA template restriction as shown by rate studies of the in vitro RNA synthesis and by DNA-RNA hybridization. Removal of the very lysine-rich histones F1 did not change the templating properties of chromatin. Dissociation of either the moderately lysine-rich histone F2b or the arginine-rich fractions F2a and F3 derepressed the DNA only partially. Even after the removal of practically all histones and of a part (approx. 20 %) of the nonhistone proteins, significant template restriction was retained in the treated chromatin.
Mesoscale and large‐scale variability in high‐latitude ionospheric convection: Dominant modes and spatial/temporal coherence

[1] Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, a variant of principle component analysis, is applied to 20 months of plasma drift data from the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network radars in the high-latitude region of the Northern Hemisphere. Dominant modes of ionospheric electric field variability are identified and the spatial and temporal coherence of this variability is quantified. The first three modes of variability, which, together with the mean, account for ∼50% of the observed squared electric field (E2), are characterized by global spatial scales and long time scales (∼1 h). The first and second modes of variability represent the strengthening/weakening of the global convection pattern and the shaping of the convection pattern into asymmetrical round- and crescent-shaped cells. These two modes are correlated with the Bz and By components of the interplanetary magnetic field. The third mode represents the expansion/contraction of the convection pattern and is weakly correlated with the solar wind velocity. For EOFs beyond EOF 3, the power contained in the modes falls off rapidly, the characteristic spatial and temporal scales decrease, and weak correlations with external driving parameters are observed. These higher-order EOFs likely capture more random behavior of the electric field variability. The notable exception to this trend is EOF 11, which captures midlatitude variations on the duskside and is enhanced during subauroral polarization stream events. The EOF technique described in this paper is applied in a companion paper to characterize the covariance of ionospheric electric fields for use in an assimilative mapping procedure.
The Role of Social Work in HIV/AIDS Clinical Trials

ABSTRACT The social worker can facilitate screening, retention and patient adherence in HIV/AIDS clinical trials. This paper introduces the process and its key vocabulary, and uses three case studies to demonstrate how social workers can assist clients who may wish to participate in, or are already enrolled in a clinical trial. After examining five major issues that affect the client in a clinical trial (informed consent; treatment vs. research; risks and side effects; altruism; the role of family members; and gender, race and class issues), the authors elaborate on interventions at the screening level, and concrete services and psycho-social interventions for study participants.
Comparing evolutionary computation techniques via their representation

In the current paper a rigorous mathematical language for comparing evolutionary computation techniques via their representation is developed. A binary semi-genetic algorithm is introduced, and it is proved that in a certain sense any reasonable evolutionary search algorithm can be re-encoded by a binary semi-genetic algorithm (see corollaries 15 and 16). Moreover, an explicit bijection between the set of all such re-encodings and the collection of certain n-tuples of invariant subsets is constructed (see theorem 14). Finally, all possible re-encodings of a given heuristic search algorithm by a classical genetic algorithm are entirely classified in terms of invariant subsets of the search space in connection with Radcliffe's forma (see [9] and theorem 20).
Local Venturing as Compassion Organizing in the Aftermath of a Natural Disaster: The Role of Localness and Community in Reducing Suffering

In contrast to models of compassion within existing organizations, this grounded theory study examines how ventures emerge relying on localness and community in direct response to �opportunities� to alleviate suffering in the aftermath of a natural disaster. While a natural disaster is a surprising disruptive event devastating a local community, that local community is nested within a broader community, which can be a source of abundant resources. Ventures created in the aftermath of a natural disaster, given local knowledge and unencumbered by pre-existing systems, procedures, and capabilities, are highly effective at connecting the broader community with the local community through customizing resources to meet victims' needs and to quickly delivering these resources to alleviate suffering.
Kinetic constrained optimization of the golf swing hub path

This study details an optimization of the golf swing, where the hand path and club angular trajectories are manipulated. The optimization goal was to maximize club head velocity at impact within the interaction kinetic limitations (force, torque, work, and power) of the golfer as determined through the analysis of a typical swing using a two-dimensional dynamic model. The study was applied to four subjects with diverse swing capabilities and styles. It was determined that it is possible for all subjects to increase their club head velocity at impact within their respective kinetic limitations through combined modifications to their respective hand path and club angular trajectories. The manner of the modifications, the degree of velocity improvement, the amount of kinetic reduction, and the associated kinetic limitation quantities were subject dependent. By artificially minimizing selected kinetic inputs within the optimization algorithm, it was possible to identify swing trajectory characteristics that indicated relative kinetic weaknesses of a subject. Practical implications are offered based upon the findings of the study. Key PointsThe hand path trajectory is an important characteristic of the golf swing and greatly affects club head velocity and golfer/club energy transfer.It is possible to increase the energy transfer from the golfer to the club by modifying the hand path and swing trajectories without increasing the kinetic output demands on the golfer.It is possible to identify relative kinetic output strengths and weakness of a golfer through assessment of the hand path and swing trajectories.Increasing any one of the kinetic outputs of the golfer can potentially increase the club head velocity at impact.The hand path trajectory has important influences over the club swing trajectory.
Measurement and alienation: making a world of ecosystem services

The development of markets in water quality, biodiversity and carbon sequestration signals a new intensification and financialisation in the encounter between nature and late capitalism. Following Neil Smith’s observations on this transformation, I argue that the commodification of such ‘ecosystem services’ is not merely an expansion of capital toward the acquisition or industrialisation of new resources, but the making of a new social world comparable to the transformation by which individual human labours became social labour under capitalism. Technologies of measurement developed by ecosystem scientists describe nature as exchange values, as something always already encountered in the commodity form. Examining these developments through specific cases in US water policy, I propose that examining this transformation can provide political ecology and the study of ‘neoliberal natures’ with a thematic unity that has been absent. I understand capital’s encounter with nature as a process of creating socially-necessary abstractions that are adequate to bear value in capitalist circulation. Such an argument supersedes the issue of nature’s materiality and points toward a common language for the analysis of both humans and nature as two participants in the labour process. Political ecologists struggling with the commodification of nature have tended to overlook the social constitution of nature’s value in favour of explicit or implicit physical theories of value, often as more-or-less latent realisms. I suggest that critical approaches to nature must retain and elaborate a critical value theory, to understand both the imperatives and the silences in the current campaign to define the world as an immense collection of service commodities.
Project summary: linguistic knowledge sources for spoken language understanding

The objective of the Unisys Spoken Language Systems effort is to develop and demonstrate technology for the understanding of goal-directed spontaneous speech input. The Unisys spoken language architecture couples a speech recognition system (the MIT Summit system) with the Unisys discourse understanding system Pundit. Pundit is a broad-coverage language understanding system used in a variety of message understanding applications and extended to handle spoken language input. Its power comes from the integration of syntax, semantics and pragmatics (context), the ability to port rapidly to new task domains, and from an open, modular architecture. Pundit is unique in its ability to handle connected discourse; it includes a reference resolution module that tracks "discourse entities" and distinguishes references to previously mentioned entities from the introduction of new entities. The Pundit front-end supports turn-taking dialogue and permits the system to include both questions and answers in building an integrated discourse context, required for the handling of interactive communication. Pundit has been interfaced to speech recognition systems (both Summit and the ITT continuous speech recogniser) to perform applications on direction-finding assistance (Voyager), air travel planning (ATIS), and air traffic control (flight strip updating).
The Mechanism of Enzyme Action

FOR a long time two viewpoints regarding the mechanism of enzymatic activity have profoundly influenced our conceptions in this field. To Oscar Loew is due the credit for the original suggestion that the enzymes possessing atomic groups with kinetic lability are able, even at a comparatively low temperature, to perform chemical action. This suggestion was later abandoned more and more, and we now generally assume that, as in the case of heterogeneous reactions, the reactants arc adsorbed by the enzyme in order that reaction may ensue. In accordance with this we believe with Bayliss that the reaction velocity is determined by the concentration of adsorption complex, that is, reactant—enzyme, present in the system. The possibility of carrying out such reactions depends doubtlessly on certain conditions of the surface, which are also profoundly influenced by the hydrogen ion concentration.
Getting started with high performance computing for humanities, arts, and social science

This abstract and presentation addresses the question of "Why would someone in humanities, arts, or social science be interested in high performance computing?", and discusses the resources and assistance that are available to humanists, artists, and social scientists who are interested in high performance computing. The Extreme Science And Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) provides a network of high performance computing resources that are available to researchers. In this talk I will discuss the resources that are available, who is eligible for these resources, and assistance that is available to help you use those resources. My role within XSEDE is to help you get started on XSEDE as well as to help you after you get resources allocated. In this talk I will walk you through the process of applying for an XSEDE startup account and let you know what to expect as you begin using the resources. I will also discuss some of the different types of projects that have been done by humanities, arts, and social science researchers which range from large scale analysis of texts, images and videos, network analysis (including social media), map based problems, simulations, and others. Finally, I will address some of the lessons I have learned from working with humanities, arts, and social science researchers who are using XSEDE resources. Whether you need computational power, storage, assistance with analysis of large datasets, or are just curious of what these types of resources can do for you, this talk will provide answers that you are looking for.
"Perceived Differences, Team Empowerment and Shared Leadership in Virtual Teams"

Information and communication technologies (ICT) have facilitated the use of virtual teams. The use of virtual teams allows organizations to assemble individuals with different backgrounds and expe...
C3.SW-Soaa heterozygous congenic taster mice.

Sensitivity to the bitter acetylated sugar sucrose octaacetate (SOA) is mediated by a single-locus system with three alleles in mice. Inbred strains are classified according to SOA phenotype as tasters, nontasters, or demitasters (intermediate sensitivity). A congenic quartet created from taster and nontaster strains has been used to investigate the effect of theSoa locus on non-SOA aspects of taste sensitivity. In this study, we created a third congenic set, C3.SW-Soaa, from taster (SWR/J) and demitaster (C3HeB/FeJ) strains. After 11 lineal backcross generations these C3.SW mice carry the tasting allele on a 99% C3 demitaster background. After testing a total of 938 mice, taster-demitaster proportions across 12 generations were consistent with expectations from a monogenic model. The resultant three-strain congenic series will allow further examination of the mechanisms of taste.
Actions of bis(guanylhydrazones) on isolated rat liver mitochondria

Abstract The effects of the anticancer bis(guanylhydrazones), methylglyoxal-bis(guanylhydrazone) (MGBG) and 4,4'-diacetyldiphenylurea-bis(guanylhydrazone) (DDUG), on parameters related to the bioenergetic function of isolated rat liver mitochondria were investigated. At concentrations comparable to those attained intracellularly, both bis(guanylhydrazones) significantly inhibited state 4 respiration but had less of an inhibitory effect on state 3 or uncoupled respiration. DDUG was more effective than MGBG, requiring 0.34mM to achieve a 25 per cent inhibition of respiration as compared to 6.0mM for MGBG. The inhibition was prevented by potassium cations and was enhanced in mitochondria “de-energized” with valinomycin, a potassium cationophore. This suggested drug competition for potassium-binding sites, possibly membrane phospholipids. Addition of 1.25 mM MGBM or 0.025 mM DDUG to suspended mitochondria caused a rapid aggregation of organelles and an increase in the optical density of the suspension. Pretreatment with either bis(guanylhydrazone) protected mitochondria against non-specific swelling action of 0.0015% Triton X-100, suggesting membrane binding. By electron microscopy, MGBG- or DDUG-treated mitochondria appeared swollen and the spaces between cristae membranes or inner and outer membranes were collapsed, obliterating the outer mitochondrial compartment. The activity of monoamine oxidase A, an outer membrane marker enzyme, was reduced considerably by 4 mM MGBG or 0.075 mM DDUG. Mobility of mitochondria toward the anode in an electrophoretic field was slowed 50 per cent by 2.5 mM MGBG or 0.1 mM DDUG. These data suggest that positively charged bis(guanylhydrazones) neutralize the net negative surface potential of rat liver mitochondria by binding to sites (possibly phospholipids) at the inner mitochondrial membrane. Subsequent interference with cation binding and/or transport results in inhibition of bioenergetic functions.
As time goes by: Sixth graders remember a kindergarten experience

In this research we compared kindergarten children's immediate recall of a class field trip to a museum of archaeology on the same day of the trip to their recall 6 weeks later, 1 year later and 6 years later. Not surprisingly, children remembered less about this event over time. However, what children did recall was recalled as accurately and in as much detail 6 years after the trip as immediately after the trip. Most striking were the effects of cueing on memory over time. Without specific cues the event was forgotten by almost all of the children after 1 year, but with cues, 87 per cent of the children could recall details of the event even after 6 years. The set of ‘core’ activities which all children tended to recall on all recall trials were those activities that made this particular event distinctive. However, with increasing time since experiencing the event, children's recall tended to become more reconstructive and inferential. Thus, forgetting in autobiographic memory seems to involve three processes: decreases in amount recalled, changes in accessibility, and changes in memory content.
Simultaneous inversion of full data bandwidth by tomographic full-waveform inversion

ABSTRACTThe convergence of full-waveform inversion can be improved by extending the velocity model along either the subsurface-offset axis or the time-lag axis. The extension of the velocity model along the time-lag axis enables us to linearly model large time shifts caused by velocity perturbations. This linear modeling was based on a new linearization of the scalar wave equation in which perturbation of the extended slowness squared was convolved in time with the second time derivative of the background wavefield. The linearization was accurate for reflected events and transmitted events. We determined that it can effectively model conventional reflection data as well as modern long-offset data containing diving waves. It also enabled the simultaneous inversion of reflections and diving waves, even when the starting velocity model was far from being accurate. We solved the optimization problem related to the inversion with a nested algorithm. The inner iterations were based on the proposed linearization...
Mechanisms of magmatic assimilation at a marble contact, northern Haiti

The unusually large Meme-Casseus and Bassin assimilation zones surround marble blocks in the 66 m.y.-old, epizonal Terre-Neuve quartz monzonite of northern Haiti. The Meme-Casseus zone, which contains syenodiorite, granodiorite, and minor nepheline syenite, occupies more volume than did the marble block. Therefore, dispersal, as well as addition, of material was required to form the contaminated zones. Mechanisms of addition of material to a magma can include congruent or incongruent melting of wall rock at normal or depressed melting points followed by solution of the melted material, or solution of solid rock by the magma. At the Meme-Casseus zone, minor melting may have occurred, but solution of solid marble was the dominant addition mechanism. Dispersal can take place by diffusion, crystal sinking, or convection, and at Meme-Casseus dispersal was caused largely by convection. The relation of addition to dispersal at the Meme-Casseus assimilation zone suggests that the formation of large assimilation zones is controlled by the mechanism of dispersal of material.
The Effects of Dual-Language Support on the Language Skills of Bilingual Children With Hearing Loss Who Use Listening Devices Relative to Their Monolingual Peers

Purpose The present study investigated the effects of supporting both English and Spanish on language outcomes in bilingual children with hearing loss (HL) who used listening devices (cochlear implants and hearing aids). The English language skills of bilingual children with HL were compared to those of their monolingual English-speaking peers' with HL. The Spanish and English language skills of the bilingual participants were also compared. Method The language skills of 40 children with HL (20 bilingual Spanish–English-speaking and 20 monolingual English-speaking) were examined using the Auditory Comprehension, Expressive Communication, and total language scores from the Preschool Language Scale, Fourth Edition (Zimmerman, Steiner, & Pond, 2002a, 2002b). Results The English language skills of the bilingual participants were commensurate with those of their monolingual English-speaking peers on all 3 measures. The Spanish and English total language scores of the bilingual group were also comparable and hi...
Benchmarking of the one-dimensional one-group interfacial area transport equation for reduced-gravity bubbly flows

In order to properly design and safely operate two-phase flow systems, especially those deployed on future space missions, it is necessary to have accurate predictive capabilities. The application of a novel predictive method, the interfacial area transport equation (IATE), to dynamically predict the change of interfacial area concentration for reduced-gravity two-phase flows is described in this paper. Fluid particle interaction mechanisms such as coalescence and breakup that are present in reduced-gravity two-phase flows have been studied experimentally as reported in a previous paper by the current authors [Vasavada et al., 2007]. These mechanisms represent the source and sink terms in the IATE and their mechanistic models are benchmarked using experimental data obtained in a 25 mm inner diameter ground-based test section wherein reduced-gravity conditions were simulated. The comparison of the predictions from the model against experimental data shows good agreement. It has been found that, in contrast to the hypothesis extended in the literature, the wake entrainment based coalescence mechanism is present in reduced-gravity two-phase flows and in some cases is more important than coalescence due to random collision. Physics based arguments are extended to support this conclusion.
Scientific computing with Java and Cpp: a case study using functional magnetic resonance neuroimages

Modern systems for the analysis of image-based biomedical data, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging lfMRIr, require fast computational techniques and rapid, robust development. Object-oriented programming languages such as Java and Cpp provide the foundations for the development of complex data analysis applications. This case study explores the advantages and disadvantages of using these two programming environments for scientific computation as typified in the analysis of fMRI datasets. Cpp is well suited for computational and memory optimization while Java is more compliant to the object-oriented paradigm, supports cross-platform development and has a rich set of application programming interface lAPIr classes. The same data model and algorithms were implemented in Cpp and Java, and a user interface was developed with the Java API. Comparisons were made with respect to computational performance and ease of development. Benchmarks show that Cpp generally outperforms Java, while Java is easier to use, leading to more robust code and shorter development times. However, with the advent of newer just-in-time compilers, Java performance is at times comparable to Cpp. The latest Java virtual machine technology is closing the gap and eventually Java should be a good compromise between efficient algorithm performance and effective application development. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
“Holding Back”: Negotiating a Glass Ceiling on Women's Muscular Strength

Researchers have highlighted how numerous women in male-dominated occupations face a glass ceiling. Using ethnography and interview work, I argue that this ceiling is also useful to understanding women in fitness. That is, women in fitness—particularly those who seek muscular strength in the weight room—may find their bodily agency limited not by biology but by ideologies of emphasized femininity that structure the upper limit on women's “success.” Results show that nonlifters and moderate lifters uniquely negotiate the glass ceiling by avoiding, holding back on, or adjusting weight workouts. I consider what forces aid women in forging new definitions of emphasized femininity that push upward on a glass ceiling on muscularity over time. As women increasingly flock to fitness sites, daring to cross into the previously male-only territory of the weight room, we must ask whether a contained and “held back” musculature for women is now the (heterosexy) standard that simultaneously creates “new” womanhood as i...
Calcium-selective electrodes based on noncyclic polyether diamides

Abstract Calcium-selective neutral carriers based on o-phenylene derivatives are described. Aliphatic substituents of intermediate chain length (n-C8H17) on the amide nitrogen favor calcium selectivity. Structure/selectivity relatioships and the effects of different plasticizers and polymeric supports are reported.
Analysis of Random Neutron Sensor Fluctuations for Surveillance of Nuclear Instrumentation Channels in Nuclear Power Plant Protection Systems

The analysis of the random fluctuations from nuetron sensors operating in the current mode has been shown to be a feasible method for monitoring the dynamic state of neutron measurement channels. A laboratory evaluation of both boron-lined and uranium-lined neutron sensors with simulated sensor and signal cable degradation was completed. The experimental evaluation, supported by a theoretical analysis, has demonstrated the potential for using the power spectral density of the random fluctuations on the detection process as an indicator of change in transient response of a neutron measurement channel.
Holding plastic embedded specimens during dissection: two improvements.

Sectioning of tissue specimens of aligned cells (e.g., muscle, cochlea, retina) for micrographs, often requires the capsule containing the tissue to be positioned at a precise angle during sectioning. The correct angle can be set by trial and error, but the process can be shortened if the gross anatomy of the cell system is used as a guide to orient the embedded sections as closely as possible in the optimal plane. Thick sections are then cut in this plane with a razor blade, and these sections are re-embedded in preparation for thin sectioning. This technique eliminates the large angles of the capsule in the microtome which occur when the gross tissue is poorly aligned in the first embedding.
Computer Simulations of Electrokinetic Transport in Microfabricated Channel Structures

A mathematical model describing electrokinetically driven mass transport phenomena in microfabricated chip devices is presented in this paper. The model accounts for principal material transport mechanisms such as electrokinetic migration (electrophoresis and electroosmosis) and diffusion. A computer code that implements the model is capable of simulating transport of materials during electrokinetic manipulation in 2-D channel structures. The computer code allows arbitrary channel geometries with various boundary conditions for the electric field and the sample concentration. Two fundamental microfluidic chip elements, a cross and a mixing tee, are of particular interest. An electrokinetic focusing experiment using a cross structure and mixing in a tee structure are simulated. Simulations revealed an optimum focusing voltage for which the ratio of sample concentration to sample width is maximized. They also verified that the mixing tee provides very accurate dilution/mixing characteristics for both charge...