cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Metametaphysics and Substance: Two Case Studies

This paper examines an often-ignored aspect of the evaluation of metaphysical analyses, namely, their ontological commitments. Such evaluations are part of metaphysical methodology, and reflection on this methodology is itself part of metametaphysics. I will develop a theory for assessing what these commitments are, and then I will apply it to an important historical and an important contemporary metaphysical analysis of the concept of an individual substance (i.e., an object, or thing). I claim that in evaluating metaphysical analyses, we should not only rule out counterexamples, but also compare them with respect to their ontological commitments, and we should hold that if they are comparable in other respects, then an analysis with fewer such commitments is preferable to one with more (There is, of course, a connection between counterexamples and ontological commitments. If the existence or possible existence of something one is committed to the existence or possible existence of is incompatible with an analysis, then one should reject that analysis as inadequate to the data. On the other hand, if one is uncertain about the existence or possible existence of something that is incompatible with an analysis, then while this does not refute the analysis for one, it raises doubts about it. The fewer such doubts are raised by an analysis, the better it is.).
Analytical applications of mixed ligand extraction equilibria Nickel-ditbizone-phenanthroline complex.

Abstract The mixed ligand nickel-dithizone-phenanthroline complex provides a sensitive method for determination of nickel and also permits evaluation of the extraction constant for nickel dithizonate. The value log K ex = −0.7 was obtained, in agreement with a value of −0.2 obtained by others, and in contrast to an earlier value of −2.9. The addition of phenanthroline substantially increases the rate of extraction.
New oral antithrombotic agents for the prevention of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in orthopedic surgery.

As the population ages and medical care, along with a functional life style, continues to improve the health of this group, the number of joint replacement surgeries will continue to rise each year in the United States. This growing volume carries with it the risk of venous thromboembolism associated with joint replacement surgery. The American College of Chest Physicians and the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgery have provided guidelines for preventing this complication with the use of warfarin, low molecular weight heparins, pentasaccharides, and aspirin. These agents have had variable efficacy and safety preventing postoperative and out-of - hospital venous thromboembolism. New classes of oral agents, which inhibit Factor II or Factor X, have been shown to be an effective and safe class of anticoagulants that do not require monitoring or have food and drug interactions. This paper will review the current data on the new oral anticoagulants in joint replacement surgery.
Survey of Experimental Data for Fixed Geometry Hydrodynamic Journal Bearings

An extensive survey of the experimental research on the static and/or dynamic characteristics of fixed geometry, hydrodynamic journal bearings, available in English, in the open literature is presented. The type(s) of bearing, size of bearing(s) and range of parameters measured in each work are reported for slightly over 100 published experimental works. In addition, some general observations about the available experimental data sets are made. This annotated survey is intended to help the analytical community by providing an extensive list of sources of experimental data for use in analysis verification. It is intended to help the experimental community by highlighting the shortcomings of the available literature, as well as by providing a list of sources for appropriate data to help with current and future test rig debugging.
Intellectual development and its relationship to maturation during the college years

Abstract This study examines whether differences in the development of critical reasoning abilities among undergraduates can be attributed to factors other than college attendance, and specifically to differences in chronological maturation. Eight males and eight females were randomly selected and matched on ACT composite scores from each of four groups: 18-year-old freshmen; 22-year-old freshmen; 22-year-old seniors; and 26-year-old seniors. Theses 64 subjects were arranged within a non-assignable three factor design by age (adult and traditional), class level (freshman and senior), and sex. Subjects were administered the Reflective Judgment Interview, a structured interview format designed to measure the way individuals reason about intellectual problems. Two significant main effects were observed, with seniors scoring higher than freshman (p
Visual-vestibular convergence in the vestibular nuclei of the cat

Responses from neurons of the vestibular nuclei were recorded in N2O-anaesthetized cats. Most neurons in the rostral parts of the nuclei responded to bimodal visual-vestibular stimulation, following a trapezoidal velocity profile. Both combinations of the two stimuli were tested: rotation of the animal with stationary visual field and rotation with overtaking visual field, i.e. the visual pattern running in the same direction as the turntable with twice the velocity. Some correlation of physiological data with results in corresponding psychophysical experiments were found. As a possible biological function of visual-vestibular convergence a phylogenetic solution for discrimination of body and outer world movement is discussed.
Identification of Ubiquitin as an Immunophilin

We have identified an 8.4 kDa minor immunophilin from calf thymus and Jurkat T cells as ubiquitin. It binds tacrolimus and sirolimus with K(d)'s of 0.8 and 0.08 nM, respectively. The binding of this protein to cyclosporin A is negligible. Binding of tacrolimus to two commercial sources of ubiquitin, a bovine product, and a recombinant human ubiquitin, was also demonstrated after HPLC purification of the purchased preparations.
Promotion of Colonization and Virulence by Cholera Toxin Is Dependent on Neutrophils

The innate immune response to Vibrio cholerae infection is poorly understood, but this knowledge is critical for the design of safe, effective vaccines. Using an adult mouse intestinal infection model, this study examines the contribution of neutrophils to host immunity, as well as the effect of cholera toxin and other secreted factors on this response. Depletion of neutrophils from mice with anti-Ly6G IA8 monoclonal antibody led to similar survival rates of mice infected with low or moderate doses of toxigenic V. cholerae El Tor O1. At a high dose, neutropenic mice showed increased rates of survival compared to neutrophil-replete animals. Expression of cholera toxin was found to be protective to the neutropenic host, and this phenotype can be replicated by the administration of purified toxin. Neutrophils do not effectively clear colonizing bacteria from the small intestine, nor do they alter induction of early immune-modulating signals. In both neutropenic and neutrophil-replete animals, the local response to infection is characterized by expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-10, and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 alpha (MIP-2). Overall, these data indicate that the innate immune response to toxigenic V. cholerae infection differs dramatically from the host response to nontoxigenic infection or vaccination, where neutrophils are protective to the host. In the absence of neutrophils, cholera toxin induces immunomodulatory effects that increase host survival. In cholera toxin-producing strains, similar to nontoxigenic infection, accessory toxins are critical to virulence, indicating that cholera toxin and the other secreted toxins modulate the host response by different mechanisms, with both contributing to bacterial persistence and virulence.
Pattern processing and slow waves in visual cortex of visually deprived cats

The slow-wave response recorded from electrodes within the visual cortex of the awake cat has been shown to reflect the pattern processing activities of the visual cortex. In a cat deprived of pattern vision by monocular lid closure, the response evoked from the non-deprived eye by patterned and diffuse stimuli show differences similar to those found in a normal cat. However, when these same stimuli are presented to the deprived eye, the differences are not present. These slow-wave data confirm previous data from single unit recordings in showing that pattern processing is altered by deprivation.
Characterization of bovine glucose transporter 1 kinetics and substrate specificities in Xenopus oocytes

Glucose is an essential substrate for lactose synthesis and an important energy source in milk production. Glucose uptake in the mammary gland, therefore, plays a critical role in milk synthesis. Facilitative glucose transporters (GLUT) mediate glucose uptake in the mammary gland. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) is the major facilitative glucose transporter expressed in the bovine mammary gland and has been shown to localize to the basolateral membrane of mammary epithelial cells. Glucose transporter 1 is, therefore, thought to play a major role in glucose uptake during lactation. The objective of this study was to determine the transport kinetic properties and substrate specificity of bovine GLUT1 using the Xenopus oocyte model. Bovine GLUT1 (bGLUT1) was expressed in Xenopus oocytes by microinjection of in vitro transcribed cRNA and was found to be localized to the plasma membrane, which resulted in increased glucose uptake. This bGLUT1-mediated glucose uptake was dramatically inhibited by specific facilitative glucose transport inhibitors, cytochalasin B, and phloretin. Kinetic analysis of bovine and human GLUT1 was conducted under zero-trans conditions using radio-labeled 2-deoxy-D-glucose and the principles of Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Bovine GLUT1 exhibited a Michaelis constant (K(m)) of 9.8 ± 3.0mM for 2-deoxy-d-glucose, similar to 11.7 ± 3.7 mM for human GLUT1. Transport by bGLUT1 was inhibited by mannose and galactose, but not fructose, indicating that bGLUT1 may also be able to transport mannose and galactose. Our data provides functional insight into the transport properties of bGLUT1 in taking up glucose across mammary epithelial cells for milk synthesis.
The Beta2-spline: A Special Case of the Beta-spline Curve and Surface Representation

Simpler equations and computationally more efficient algorithms make the Beta2-spline technique easier to understand and useful to the designer.
The relation between results obtainable with raw and corrected correlation coefficients in multiple factor analysis

This paper presents three theorems concerning the relation between results with obtained and corrected correlation coefficients in the Thurstone method of multiple factor analysis. (1) The rank of the correlational matrix, and thus the number of factors involved, is unaffected by correcting the obtained coefficients for attenuation. (2) The communality of a variable when the obtained coefficients have been corrected for attenuation is equal to the communality with obtained coefficients divided by the reliability coefficient of the variable. (3) The relationship is shown between the factorial matrix of a correlational matrix of raw correlation coefficients and the factorial matrix of a correlational matrix of corrected correlation coefficients, and a method of obtaining either of these factorial matrices from the other is indicated.
Infection levels of Coelomomyces punctatus, an aquatic fungus parasite, in a natural population of the common malaria mosquito, Anopheles quadrimaculatus.

Abstract Data on the levels of infection of a natural population of the common malaria mosquito, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, by the aquatic fungus pathogen, Coelomomyces punctatus, were gathered during three growing seasons of the host in University Lake, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. A downward trend in annual levels of infection was noted. Of the larvae taken in 1966, 36.5% were infected; in 1967, 26.2% contained the fungus; and 10.4% were diseased in 1968. During 1968, the total number of larvae was slightly higher and occurred much earlier in the season than in the two previous years. Less control of the mosquito population by the fungus in 1968 was apparent. More larvae were produced at the study site in July than in August throughout the 3 years, but a higher level of infection was noted in samples taken in August than in July. Fourth-instar larvae were infected at a higher percentage than were all the lesser instars combined. It is possible that the longer period of time in which many diseased larvae remain in the fourth instar before death or pupation contributed to the higher incidence of the disease in this late larval stage. Coelomomyces may contribute to the control of mosquito populations by causing mortality of the insects and also by causing infected insects to remain in larval stages for extended periods, thereby subjecting the larvae to more chances for destruction by forces other than the fungus.
Analytical Solutions of TCE Transport with Convergent Reactions, Transport in Porous Media 51, 211–225, 2003

In our previously published paper (Lu et al., 2003) we failed to point the reader to a previously published paper in which the matrix diagonalization method similar to that presented in Lu et al. (2003) was presented (Clement, 2001). The authors regret this oversight, and would encourage those who read Lu et al. (2003) to also consider the mathematical treatment developed in Clement (2001). In Clement (2001), a convergent reaction is envisioned; a specific analytical solution of TCE transport with convergent reactions is derived in Lu et al. (2003).
The Effects of Exposure to Community Violence on Aspects of Adolescent Identity Development

PROBLEM: A gap exists in our understanding of the impact of exposure to community violence on identity development. The purpose of this study was to explore how exposure to community violence affects adolescents' identity development. Data were collected to describe the perceptions, interpretations, and meanings adolescents ascribe to their experiences with community violence. METHODS: Male and female inner-city adolescents (13-18 years) were invited to share their personal stories about exposure to community violence. A constant comparative approach was employed to analyze data from personal narratives. RESULTS: All adolescents in this study reported exposure to violence and shared stories about living and coping with the prevalence of violence. Aspects of identity development that emerged in the data included self-perceptions, coping patterns, efficacy, and a moral self. Some stories revealed psychological distress that had potential for long-term developmental consequences. Personal strengths and positive attributes of the participants were also evident in the data. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to community violence affected the identity development of these adolescents. When working with adolescents, it is important for nurses to assess for community violence exposure and promote coping strategies that reduce distress and foster healthy intimacy. Language: en
An Analysis of Methods for Deriving the Constituent Insolation Components From Multipyranometer Array Measurements

A multipyranometer array (MPA) is a static platform of solar sensors designed to untangle the beam, diffuse and reflected portions of the total solar radiation. Over the past four years, a series of weather stations located throughout Colorado has used MPA's to record insolation. This paper compares the beam radiation derived from an MPA with that measured by a nearby tracking pyrheliometer. Three different diffuse sky models as well as uniform and specular foreground reflectance models are used in the analysis. The ability of each model to predict the actual beam radiation is tabulated. Finally, two novel methods for deriving the beam component without the use of sky models are presented, along with a comparison with the conventional models.
The minimum p-envy location problem: a new model for equitable distribution of emergency resources

Equity is an important consideration in public services such as Emergency Medical Service (EMS) systems. In such systems not only equitability but also performance depends on the spatial distribution of facilities and resources. This paper proposes the minimum p-envy facility location model which aims to find optimal locations for facilities in order to balance customers’ perceptions of equity in receiving service. The model is developed and evaluated through the lens of EMS systems, where ambulances are located at facilities (stations) with the objective of minimizing the sum of “envy” among all demand zones (customer points) with respect to an ordered set of p operating stations weighted by the proportion of demand in each zone. The problem is formulated as an integer program, with priority weights assigned according the probability that an ambulance is available, which is estimated using the hypercube model. Because of the computational effort required to obtain solutions using commercially available s...
Quasi steady‐state method of catalyst evaluation for air pollution control

The focus of this publication is on the methods used and evaluations applied for testing oxidation catalysts for air pollution control. The mathematical basis is first discussed then the effect of assumptions is evaluated, potential errors examined, finally possible manpower, and expense-saving methods will be shown all on actual experimental results. The results of the examples are important, only to illustrate the techniques applied. Finally the use of a simple mathematical process will be presented to predict the performance of the catalyst to reach various commercial performance requirements. The presented method will benefit both who test catalyst in the laboratory and those who use the results to design pollution control units. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog 26:43–49, 2007.
Sediment waves on the Moroccan continental rise

Abstract A nearly continuous zone of sediment waves is present on the lower continental rise off western Morocco which parallels the regional bathymetric trends. The individual sediment waves within the zone migrate upslope with time and, in general, also trend parallel to the regional bathymetric contours. These observations suggest that geostrophic contour currents are responsible for the formation of sediment waves. Physical oceanographic measurements and sea-floor photographs indicate only a very weak bottom circulation in this region. This suggests either that strong bottom currents are not essential for the formation of sediment waves or that relatively stronger bottom currents flowed along the continental margin of Morocco in the recent past. Turbidity flows may also influence the distribution of these sediment waves.
Theoretical method for lumping multicomponent secondary organic aerosol mixtures.

Atmospheric organic aerosol mixtures are composed of hundreds of individual semivolatile organic components, each with its own partitioning properties. In most atmospheric models, these components ...
Spin-flip exchange scattering of low-energy electrons in ferromagnetic iron

We present a theory of spin-flip exchange scattering of low-energy electrons, directed at the ferromagnetic transition metals, with application to Fe. The model used employs a tight-binding description of the paramagnetic spd bands. Ferromagnetic exchange splitting of the bands is achieved by including on-site Coulomb repulsion between electrons in 3d orbitals, which is treated in a mean-field approximation. The low-energy electron interacts with the metal electrons via the Coulomb interaction, and the magnetic excitations in the metal are treated within the random-phase approximation. Both spin waves and Stoner excitations contribute to the energy loss of the low-energy electron. We show that the relative importance of these two loss mechanisms is influenced very importantly by the degree of localization of the 3d orbital. We also present results based on the use of accurate wave functions. These show that spin-wave loss peaks should be prominent features in spin-polarized electron energy-loss spectra. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}
MPS: An algorithm and data base for metabolic pathway synthesis

MPS is a software package for synthesizing metabolic pathways. Based on the concepts of artificial intelligence, it is designed to find the possible pathways to transform a given metabolite to a given target metabolite. MPS can be used to predict on a qualitative basis the effects of adding or deleting enzymatic activity from the cellular environment and to classify pathways with respect to cellular objectives.
the rural-urban migrant network in Kenya: some general implications

Rural-urban migration patterns in many settings involve extensive contacts between the city and the country. Such contacts are conceptualized as a rural-urban network of kin who share resources and who visit frequently. Neither setting can be viewed independently of the other. Six antecedent conditions are suggested that should encourage the formation of rural-urban network migration systems. The Influence of the rural-urban network in Kenya is illustrated with data on family and household organization and by patterns of visiting and sociability between city and country residents. Familial ties remain stable within the network; rural contacts are positively associated with urban success and longevity, and social ties Include rural and urban kin. The data come from broadly-based survey Information as well as from a more intensive ethnographic study of one such rural-urban familial network. Findings from both these approaches mutually support the rural-urban network model.
Quantitative differences in proline tRNA content of rat liver and granulation tissue

Abstract The relative amount of proline tRNA in tRNA extracted from rat granulation tissue is shown to be significantly greater than in tRNA similarly prepared from rat liver. Chromatography on methylated albumin-Kieselguhr revealed no qualitative differences between proline tRNAs from the two sources. These findings are considered in terms of a possible coupling between the synthesis of specific tRNAs and the relative rates of incorporation of the related amino acids into proteins.
Cutaneous giant cell hyalin angiopathy

Giant cell hyalin angiopathy (GCHA) is an unusual histologic finding associated with inflammation. The lesion has previously only been reported intraorally and is usually preceded by trauma. We report the first case of cutaneous GCHA. The eosinophilic, amorphous material (so-called "hyalin") stained for light chain products, suggesting that their deposition resulted from a reactive process associated with inflammation.
Activating transcription factor 2 targets c‐Fos, but not c‐Jun, in growth plate chondrocytes

Activating transcription factor 2 (ATF-2), c-Fos, and c-Jun belong to the bZIP family of transcription factors. Promoters of c-Fos, c-Jun, cyclin D1, and cyclin A are targets of ATF-2 in primary mouse chondrocytes. An ATF-2 expression vector was co-transfected with either c-Fos or c-Jun promoters in mutant ATF-2 chondrocytes in order to show by luciferase assay that ATF-2 increased promoter activity of c-Fos, but not c-Jun. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays revealed that ATF-2 bound with the c-Fos promoter at the -294 cyclic AMP response element (CRE) site, but did not bind to the TPA responsive element (TRE) or activating protein-1 (AP1) sites of the c-Jun promoter. Dominant-negative (dn) c-Fos inhibited cyclin D1 promoter activity. However, dn c-Jun had minimal effect on this same promoter activity. c-Fos was capable of interactions with both the cyclin D1 CRE and AP1 sites, while c-Jun co-operated specifically with the cyclin D1 CRE site. Neither c-Fos nor c-Jun had any effect on cyclin A promoter activity. c-Fos was unable to bind to the cyclin A AP1 or CRE sites. In contrast c-Jun was competent in interactions with cyclin A AP1-2 as well as the CRE.
Platelets and Factor VIII as Functions of Blood Collection Time

Plasma and platelet concentrates were prepared from whole blood collected in less than eight minutes, and from blood collected in 8 to 12 minutes. Comparison was made between the two collection groups, of Factor VIII activity in fresh plasma, and of Factor VIII activity in fresh frozen plasma. Using the rank sum test, no significant difference was found between Factor VIII activities in either fresh or fresh frozen plasma. The number of platelets in concentrates prepared from blood collected in less than eight minutes were compared with those in concentrates from blood collected in 8 to 12 minutes. Mean numbers of platelets were 6.89 × 1010 and 7.12 × 1010, respectively. No significant difference was found between the two groups when compared by the rank sum test, or the “t” test. Current guidelines recommending maximum eight-minute collection times for component preparation may be inappropriately restrictive.
Smoothing transforms for wavelet approximation of piecewise smooth functions

Multi-resolution analysis with high vanishing moment wavelets provides a framework to efficiently approximate smooth functions. However, it is a well-known fact that wavelet approximation usually cannot achieve the same order of approximation in the vicinity of discontinuous points of functions as that in the smooth regions. Ringing artefacts in the reconstructed functions inevitably appear around discontinuous points. To reduce these artefacts, the authors propose to locally smooth piecewise smooth functions at the discontinuous points, prior to applying the wavelet transform, via a smoothing transform. The numerical experiments for one- and two-dimensional signals show the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Expression, purification and preliminary crystallization study of RpaC protein from Synechocystis sp. PCC6803

State transitions in cyanobacteria are physiological adaptation mechanisms that change the interaction of the phycobilisomes with the photosystem I and photosystem II core complexes. This mechanism is essential for cyanobacteria at low light intensities. Previous studies of cyanobacteria have identified a gene named rpaC, which appears to be specifically required for state transitions. The gene product of rpaC is very probably a transmembrane protein that is a structural component of the phycobilisome-photosystem II supercomplex. However, the physiological role of RpaC protein is unclear. Here we report the construction of an expression system that enables high production of fusion protein TrxHisTagSTag-RpaC, and describe suitable conditions for purification of this insoluble protein at a yield of 3 mg per 1 dm3 of bacterial culture. Cleavage with HRV 3C protease to remove the TrxHisTagSTag portion resulted in low yields of RpaC-protein (∼ 30 µg/dm3 of bacterial culture), therefore the applicability to structural studies was tested for the fusion protein only. Several preliminary conditions for crystallization of TrxHisTagSTag-RpaC were set up under which microcrystals were obtained. This set of conditions will be a good starting point for optimization in future crystallization experiments. TrxHisTagSTag-RpaC protein may prove useful in biochemical studies where the small size of RpaC protein is limiting the investigation of interactions with significantly larger parts of the photosynthetic apparatus. Furthermore, the purification procedure described here might also be applied to the production and purification of other small membrane proteins for biochemical and structural studies.
Absorption Bands of Rubidium due to the Presence of Foreign Gases

In the presence of heavy foreign gases, such as Kr and Xe, diffused absorption bands were observed at both the short wavelength and the long wavelength side of the first four absorption doublets of the Rb principal series. The red bands were observable when the Rb vapor pressure in the absorption tube was relatively low (10−3 to 10−2 mm Hg). The violet bands were not intense enough until the Rb vapor pressure was increased to 0.1–1 mm Hg. With other lighter gases (H2, He, Ne, A, N2) only violet bands were observed. The positions and the absorption contours of the bands in relation to the member of the absorption series and to the nature of the foreign gases are discussed.
Status of CIE color appearance models

In meetings just prior to the 1997 AIC Congress in Kyoto, CIE TC1-37, chaired by M. Fairchild, established the CIE 1997 Interim Colour appearance Model (Simple Version), known as CIECAM97s. CIECAM97s was formally published in 1998 in CIE publication 131. CIE TC1-37 was dissolved shortly after publication of CIECAM97s at which time, a reportership, R1- 24 held by M. Fairchild, was established to monitor ongoing developments in color appearance modeling and notify CIE Division 1 if it became necessary to form a new TC to consider revision or replacement of CIECAM97s. In the four years between AIC Congresses, there has been much activity, both by individual researchers and within the CIE, aimed at furthering our understanding of color appearance models and deriving improved models for consideration. The aim of this paper is to summarize these activities, report on the current status of CIE efforts on color appearance models, and suggest what the future might hold for CIE color appearance models.
Localization of a coronary artery fistula using contrast transesophageal echocardiography

Abstract With the increasing use of transesophageal and other cardiac imaging, coronary fistulas are being discovered more often. The clinical significance of these communications is unclear. Microbubble echo-contrast has been used to enhance endocardial definition, myocardial perfusion, and augment Doppler signals. This case describes the use of microbubbles to enhance the color Doppler signals to better define location and extent of a coronary artery fistula communicating with the left ventricle. (J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2002;15:839-40.)
GUSTO: An automatic generation and optimization tool for matrix inversion architectures

Matrix inversion is a common function found in many algorithms used in wireless communication systems. As FPGAs become an increasingly attractive platform for wireless communication, it is important to understand the trade-offs in designing a matrix inversion core on an FPGA. This article describes a matrix inversion core generator tool, GUSTO, that we developed to ease the design space exploration across different matrix inversion architectures. GUSTO is the first tool of its kind to provide automatic generation of a variety of general-purpose matrix inversion architectures with different parameterization options. GUSTO also provides an optimized application-specific architecture with an average of 59p area decrease and 3X throughput increase over its general-purpose architecture. The optimized architectures generated by GUSTO provide comparable results to published matrix inversion architecture implementations, but offer the advantage of providing the designer the ability to study the trade-offs between architectures with different design parameters.
A Study of Steroid‐Induced Granulocytosis in a Patient with Chronic Benign Neutropenia of Childhood

Summary. An infant with chronic benign neutropenia of childhood was found to respond to a sudden, transient, stress-induced rise in plasma corticoid level with a pronounced rise in peripheral neutrophil count. Neutrophil survival studies were performed following this stress-induced neutrophilia and during and following hydrocortisone stimulation. Measurement of the decline in total neutrophil-associated radioactivity showed that neurophils were removed from the circulation at a normal rate while measurement of neutrophil specific activity indicated that the observed steroid-induced granulocytosis was a result of marrow released of neurtrophils.
3D Simulations for Testing and Validating Robotic-Driven Applications for Exploring Lunar Poles

Due to the embodied nature of a robotic system, it is difficult to test the high level control software without the use of the physical robotic hardware. However, the availability of prototype robotic hardware and representative environments for software testing is often limited. This is particularly acute when the robot is to be deployed in remote planetary environments. The ability is needed to test and validate robotic control software within the design cycle, without requiring the time and effort of full field deployments. Currently, no single simulation system exists which provides both a high quality rendering environment and a means of constructing complex objects and environments. Presented here is a case study of developing a simulation system for testing an arctic robotic sensor node of possible use in the exploration of the lunar poles. In this work we focus on methods for developing visually faithful environments and local hazards, with emphasis on the resulting performance of vision-based robotic algorithms.
A cryptographic solution to implement access control in a hierarchy and more

The need for access control in a hierarchy arises in several different contexts. One such context is managing the information of an organization where the users are divided into different security classes depending on who has access to what. Several cryptographic solutions have been proposed to address this problem --- the solutions are based on generating cryptographic keys for each security class such that the key for a lower level security class depends on the key for the security class that is higher up in the hierarchy. Most solutions use complex cryptographic techniques: integrating these into existing systems may not be trivial. Others have impractical requirement: if a user at a security level wants to access data at lower levels, then all intermediate nodes must be traversed. Moreover, if there is an access control policy that does not conform to the hierarchical structure, such policy cannot be handled by existing solutions. We propose a new solution that overcomes the above mentioned shortcomings. Our solution not only addresses the problem of access control in a hierarchy but also can be used for general cases. It is a scheme similar to the RSA cryptosystem and can be easily incorporated in existing systems.
On the Construct Validity of Integrity Tests: Individual and Situational Factors as Predictors of Test Performance

Although integrity tests are widely applied in screening job applicants, there is a need for research for examining the construct validity of these tests. In the present study, a theoretical model examining the causes of destructive behavior in organizational settings was used to develop background data measures of individual and situational variables that might be related to integrity test scores. Subsequently, 692 undergraduates were asked to complete these background data scales along with (a) two overt integrity tests – the Reid Report and the Personnel Selection Inventory, and (b) two personality-based measures – the delinquency and socialization scales of the California Psychological Inventory. When scores of these measures were correlated with and regressed on the background data scales, it was found that relevant individual variables, such as narcissism and power motives, and relevant situational variables, such as alienation and exposure to negative peer groups, were related to scores on both types of integrity tests. However, a stronger pattern of validity evidence was obtained for the personality-based measures and, in all cases, situational variables were found to be better predictors than individual variables. The implications of these findings for the validity of inferences drawn from overt and personality-based integrity tests are discussed.
Label Retention Identifies a Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Like Population in the Postnatal Thymus

Thymic microenvironments are essential for the proper development and selection of T cells critical for a functional and self-tolerant adaptive immune response. While significant turnover occurs, it is unclear whether populations of adult stem cells contribute to the maintenance of postnatal thymic epithelial microenvironments. Here, the slow cycling characteristic of stem cells and their property of label-retention were used to identify a K5-expressing thymic stromal cell population capable of generating clonal cell lines that retain the capacity to differentiate into a number of mesenchymal lineages including adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteoblasts suggesting a mesenchymal stem cell-like phenotype. Using cell surface analysis both culture expanded LRCs and clonal thymic mesenchymal cell lines were found to express Sca1, PDGFRα, PDGFRβ,CD29, CD44, CD49F, and CD90 similar to MSCs. Sorted GFP-expressing stroma, that give rise to TMSC lines, contribute to thymic architecture when reaggregated with fetal stroma and transplanted under the kidney capsule of nude mice. Together these results show that the postnatal thymus contains a population of mesenchymal stem cells that can be maintained in culture and suggests they may contribute to the maintenance of functional thymic microenvironments.
FISH BIOACOUSTICS: SERENDIPITY IN RESEARCH

(1996). FISH BIOACOUSTICS: SERENDIPITY IN RESEARCH. Bioacoustics: Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 143-150.
Part VI: How Should Reputations be Managed in Good Times and Bad Times?: Corporate reputation and its effect on organizational actions: How reputations are managed

Reputations rise and fall. In this Part of the Corporate Reputation Review attention focusses on companies whose star is waning. The presentations made at the Stern School of Business conference and now published below comprise a distillation of the insights gained by a senior crisis-management practitioner, as well as three case studies and three more empirically-oriented crisis communication studies. Included in panelists' presenta- tions are theoretical frameworks which seek to explain the behavior of managers and opponents during crisis situations.
Yellow giants in young clusters. I: photometric observations

Etude des proprietes d'etoiles jaunes lumineuses a partir d'une liste de 84 etoiles semblant etre dans la region appropriee dans les diagrammes couleur-magnitude de 41 jeunes amas
Endovascular repair of para-anastomotic aneurysms of the aorta and iliac arteries: preferred treatment for a complex problem.

Abstract Purpose: Standard surgical repair of para-anastamotic aneurysms (PAAs) of the abdominal and thoracic aorta and the iliac arteries has been associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. We reviewed our continuing experience with endovascular repair of these lesions to determine whether this approach is favorable and durable. Methods: All patients with PAAs of the aorta or iliac arteries who underwent endovascular treatment of their lesions between August 1993 and July 1999 were prospectively followed up, and data on age, previous aortic pathology and surgery, size of PAA, time to diagnosis, and symptoms at presentation were recorded. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative imaging studies were analyzed. All patients had endovascular stent-grafts placed under digital fluoroscopic guidance in the operating room. Data on intraoperative and postoperative complications, mortality, and endoleaks were reviewed. Results: From August 1993 to July 1999, 28 patients (20 men, 8 women) had 35 PAAs of the aorta or iliac arteries. There were 5 thoracic aortic, 12 abdominal aortic, and 18 iliac artery PAAs. Three patients had a contained rupture of their PAA. All patients who had originally undergone reconstruction for occlusive disease had lesions consistent with false aneurysms, whereas 73% of the aortic or iliac PAAs in patients originally treated for aneurysm disease appeared to be true aneurysms. Thirty-four of 35 PAAs were successfully excluded with stent-grafts (97%). There was one death at 30 days (3.6%) in a patient who was successfully treated endovascularly for a contained rupture of a thoracic PAA. There were four major postoperative complications (14.2%) in the 28 patients who were treated. One patient had continued perfusion of a thoracic aortic PAA (type I endoleak). The in-hospital length of stay after endovascular repair of PAA was 4 days (range, 1-18 days). The mean follow-up period was 21 months (range, 1-68 months). Conclusion: Endovascular repair of aortic and iliac artery PAAs is technically feasible and provides a high rate of lesion exclusion. Morbidity and mortality rates appear lower than those reported for open surgical repair. These patients can typically be discharged by the second postoperative day. Endovascular therapy for stable ruptured PAAs can be successfully performed and should be considered as an option only when appropriate devices and expertise are available. For uncomplicated PAAs of the aorta and iliac arteries, endovascular therapy may be more favorable than surgical repair. (J Vasc Surg 2001;33:503-12.)
The effects of high intensity white noise on the sleep pattern of the rat

EEG’s were recorded from 5 rats during 24 hr. of continuous high intensity white noise following a 24 hr. baseline period, to determine the effect of this treatment upon the sleep pattern. It was found that the treatment reduced the amount of paradoxical sleep (PS) although there was no recovery during post treatment recording as reported by Khazan & Sawyer (1963) for the rabbit. Total amounts of sleep did not change, although significant changes in mean length and frequency of the sleep episode were found. It is thought that the observed PS decrement was secondary to the reduction in sleep episode length.
Temporal Patterns in Bacterial Communities in Three Temperate Lakes of Different Trophic Status

Despite considerable attention in recent years, the composition and dynamics of lake bacterial communities over annual time scales are poorly understood. This study used automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA) to explore the patterns of change in lake bacterial communities in three temperate lakes over 2 consecutive years. The study lakes included a humic lake, an oligotrophic lake, and a eutrophic lake, and the epilimnetic bacterial communities were sampled every 2 weeks. The patterns of change in bacterial communities indicated that seasonal forces were important in structuring the behavior of the bacterial communities in each lake. All three lakes had relatively stable community composition in spring and fall, but summer changes were dramatic. Summertime variability was often characterized by recurrent drops in bacterial diversity. Specific ARISA fragments derived from these lakes were not constant among lakes or from year to year, and those fragments that did recur in lakes in different years did not exhibit the same seasonal pattern of recurrence. Nonetheless, seasonal patterns observed in 2000 were fairly successful predictors of the rate of change in bacterial communities and in the degree of autocorrelation of bacterial communities in 2001. Thus, seasonal forces may be important structuring elements of these systems as a whole even if they are uncoupled from the dynamics of the individual system components.
Carbon Monoxide Oxidation over Au/Pd(100) Model Alloy Catalysts†

The oxidation of carbon monoxide is studied on a series of Au/Pd(100) alloys with various compositions that are formed by adsorbing four monolayers of gold onto a Pd(100) surface and by heating to form the alloy. The composition of the alloy surface is measured using Auger and low-energy ion scattering spectroscopies and the surface chemistry followed by temperature-programmed desorption and reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy. Carbon monoxide oxidized rapidly on Au/Pd(100) model alloy surfaces. Oxygen is found to dissociatively adsorb on alloy surfaces for gold coverages below ∼0.6 ML and relatively stable molecular oxygen species were found on the surface at gold coverages between ∼0.2 and 0.6 ML, but did not contribute to CO oxidation on these Au/Pd(100) alloys. Carbon monoxide oxidation and desorption were found to occur at almost identical temperatures, implying that the activation energies for these processes are almost identical. This suggests that the activation energy for CO oxidation is ...
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Metadata Workflow at Oregon State University Libraries

In July 2005, the Oregon State University Libraries began accepting electronic versions of student theses and dissertations into ScholarsArchive@OSU, the library's institutional repository. By January 2007, all Oregon State University graduate students were required to deposit their final research. This article compares past processes and workflows for print theses and dissertations with the present workflow for electronic. We provide the rationale for changes and review the cost- and time-savings produced. We describe the changing roles of students, technicians, and librarians in the metadata process as well as the value of students describing their own work.
Motor Responses and Weight Gaining in Neonates through Use of Two Methods of Earmuff and Receiving Silence in NICU

Background and Aims. With technological advances in NICUs the survival rate of preterm infants has been increased. Because NICU environment is a potent source of stress for infants, its modification is an essential measure to decrease infants' morbidity. The purposes of this study were to compare the effects of wearing earmuff and provision silence for infants on their motor responses and gaining weight. Methods. In a randomized clinical trial 96 preterm infants were enrolled. Their motor responses were evaluated for two consecutive days in the morning and afternoon shifts, in the groups of earmuff and silence, and at similar time points in the control group. Also their weight was measured at days 1 and 10. Results. In the two intervention groups, means of motor responses in infants were significantly less than in the control group, and weight gain of infants was more than the control group. However weight gain was more pronounced in the earmuff group. Conclusion. Both interventions led to decreasing number of motor responses and improvement of weight gain pattern, but these effects were more pronounced in earmuff group; thus because implementation of silence in NICUs has many barriers, it is suggested to use earmuff for preterm infants in these units. This trial obtained IRCT registration number IRCT2012092010812N2.
Medical simulation training initiative (MSTI)

Now that we are in the 21st century, military medicine struggles with critical issues. One of the most important is how we train in peace for the realities of conflict. Training 100,000 active duty military medical personnel is becoming insurmountable. A more effective solution may be training through computer simulation. Success requires a strategic plan and coordination among experts in their own fields, e.g., medical personnel, engineers, to ensure useful, valuable products. Research and development in fundamental sciences is required to permit realistic representations of anatomy and medical procedures. Enabling technologies are required, e.g., tissue modeling, haptics, physiological representations, systems architecture, learning systems. Medical Simulation Training Initiative (MSTI) is a visionary military program to develop a multi- functional simulation platform based on a personal computer, with 3-D imaging of anatomic compartments or body structures. Interfaces will likely be an exoskeletal robotic device, haptic gloves, and other interactive devices. MSTI will provide risk-free, realistic learning environments for the spectrum of medical skills training. This will enhance hands-on training opportunities and revolutionize how we train medically. High fidelity modeling will permit manufacturers to prototype new devices. Engineering designers can then test devices in varieties of simulated anatomical representations, permitting them to practice medicine.© (2000) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.