cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Anticipating the Anthropocene

There is an important precedent in the history of ideas for the Anthropocene proposal. This is not found in the precursors that have been proposed to the formal scientific concept, but rather in the work of the eighteenth-century social theorist Jean-Jacques Rousseau. I argue that Rousseau's speculative account of the development of human society models a way of viewing the condition of the physical environment as an expression of the social and economic institutions that support human beings' way of life.
Method for determining amount of product released into a time sensitive operation

In manufacturing environments, there are potential requirements for a manufacturing step to be performed within a specific amount of time; failure to do so could result in product being defective or scrapped. This paper will show how a simulation model was used to define which factors are of utmost importance when determining the amount of product that can be released into one of these time sensitive steps.
Toward a ‘harmonious society’ through corporate social responsibility

The objective of this paper is to examine how corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices of foreign multinational enterprises in China contribute to China's national priorities, by discussing the relationships between CSR and the building of a ‘harmonious society’ in China. This paper is based on personal reflections, extensive literature review, and 8 years of experiential field work in China by the author. Many CSR programs are found to superficially complement China's harmonious society policy. Only four exemplars out of 20 multinational enterprises surveyed are committed to fostering green growth, improving livelihood, developing outwardly into the west, and promoting a general integration of Chinese business into global markets through social innovations and collaborative projects. The paper posits that it is possible to use CSR as a change agent in China when enlightened public concerns are brought back to business operations through the involvement of non-government organizations, local government, and local citizens and a greater degree of transparency of information. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression of Patients’ and Providers’ Identities During the Medical Interview

We apply the Communication Theory of Identity to investigate how patients display their ethnic identities during intercultural patient—provider interactions. Ethnic identity displays play a large part in reflecting patients’ and providers’ assumptions about the other, as well as their communicative needs. We collected paper-and-pencil responses from a convenience sample of providers and their patients, and conducted a constant comparative analysis of their open-ended reports of a recent intercultural medical interview. The results revealed how both parties viewed their roles in intercultural medical encounters and how they looked for accommodative behaviors from the other party. We draw implications for new applications and future developments of the Communication Theory of Identity and Communication Accommodation Theory.
Consistent and inconsistent career preferences and personality

Abstract This investigation explored the differences reported on personality variables between freshmen students who made congruent and incongruent college major choices. The personality variables were operationally defined by the California Psychological Inventory. Congruent and incongruent college major choice groups were defined operationally using the Vocational Preference Inventory. The analysis of variance of the personality scale scores did not reveal the main effect of congruence to be significant. The test for the main effect of sex and the test for interaction were each found to be significant on six different personality scales, with one exception. Findings suggest that subjects in the congruent female group tend to have more stable college major choices than subjects in the congruent male group.
A Simple Model Study of ENSO Suppression by External Periodic Forcing

Abstract The study of a forced delayed oscillator ENSO model suggests that the intensity of ENSO can be suppressed significantly by an external periodic forcing due to the nonlinear mechanism of frequency entrainment. This suppression of ENSO is most effective for ENSOs in the regime of unstable self-exciting oscillation and for forcing of frequencies close to that of ENSO. In particular, an annual cycle forcing can suppress ENSO substantially. This ENSO suppression effect by an external annual cycle is in contrast to the effect of the seasonal change of the coupled instability: the latter predominantly generates the seasonal phase locking of ENSO but has little effect on the amplitude of ENSO. Potential implications are also discussed for the evolution of ENSO in the Holocene and the observed monsoon–ENSO relationship.
Differentially Expressed Genes and Signature Pathways of Human Prostate Cancer

Genomic technologies including microarrays and next-generation sequencing have enabled the generation of molecular signatures of prostate cancer. Lists of differentially expressed genes between malignant and non-malignant states are thought to be fertile sources of putative prostate cancer biomarkers. However such lists of differentially expressed genes can be highly variable for multiple reasons. As such, looking at differential expression in the context of gene sets and pathways has been more robust. Using next-generation genome sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, differential gene expression between age- and stage- matched human prostate tumors and non-malignant samples was assessed and used to craft a pathway signature of prostate cancer. Up- and down-regulated genes were assigned to pathways composed of curated groups of related genes from multiple databases. The significance of these pathways was then evaluated according to the number of differentially expressed genes found in the pathway and their position within the pathway using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and Signaling Pathway Impact Analysis. The "transforming growth factor-beta signaling" and "Ran regulation of mitotic spindle formation" pathways were strongly associated with prostate cancer. Several other significant pathways confirm reported findings from microarray data that suggest actin cytoskeleton regulation, cell cycle, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, and calcium signaling are also altered in prostate cancer. Thus we have demonstrated feasibility of pathway analysis and identified an underexplored area (Ran) for investigation in prostate cancer pathogenesis.
Photoprotective Effects of Pistachio Antioxidants in a 3-Dimensional Human Skin Equivalent Tissue Model

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated principally by irradiation from ultraviolet light (UV) exposure mediate many pathways leading to skin damage and skin aging. Antioxidants provide protection ...
Ecco!: a linked open data service for collaborative named entity resolution

This demo proposal presents Ecco!, a Linked Open Data (LOD) application for entity resolution. Specifically, Ecco! is designed to disambiguate and reconcile named entities with URIs from authoritative sources. Technically, Ecco! creates a wrapper around LOD APIs of suitable datasets such as VIAF and Freebase to retrieve data useful for supporting entity matching. The system automatically ranks and groups the results into different clusters according to various confidence levels -- from exact matches to one to many or no matches. The quality of the data output can be further refined through human disambiguation consisting of validating a match or identifying the correct URI when multiple matches are possible. Ecco! is designed to enable users to quickly and easily contribute to this curation process. The system provides an intuitive user interface that supports a collaborative workflow where a community can work together in a distributed and incremental way. The combination of automated matching plus human curation has the potential to produce a superior quality of data, not currently achievable through traditional methods. This application works alongside existing legacy systems and data sources through an import and export workflow. Extracts generated from a legacy system or data source are enriched through Ecco! and then looped back to update the originating source. Ecco! intends to address the well-known "bucket names" problem that occurs when legacy data has accumulated and contains a mix of heterogeneous names derived from different authorities (e.g., LC/NAF, ULAN, etc.) as well as locally defined terms. Ecco! is a node.js application that anyone can download and run on their local system. There is no need for a server installation, but it could be installed on a server to allow for the collaboration of an unlimited number of participants. Ecco! has the capacity to work with LOD APIs in a modular way. While the demo version will specifically leverage VIAF and Freebase, any API plugin could be virtually written for it. Also, while in the current release the application will be centered on persons and organizations, other types of entities including geographic locations, events, topics, etc. could be also handled by the system. Even though Ecco! was developed as part of the Linked Jazz project,1 it is domain-agnostic and thus not tied to any specific context of use. The demonstration includes different scenarios showing a series of use cases. Results from a first round of testing will also be shared. Data quality poses a daunting challenge in Linked Open Data development and requires the creation and adoption of new methods and tools to promote accuracy and consistency of data. Ecco! includes a series of innovative features that make it uniquely flexibility and easy to use. Most notably, this system lowers the barrier for non-programmers who want to actively contribute to the production of high quality linked data through a user-friendly and collaborative platform.
the case for english

English’s role as political science’s lingua franca should inspire reflection but not alarm. Greater multilingualism would undercut academic exchange and provide only a mirage of linguistic equality. The profession should nonetheless recognize and work to mitigate advantages held by native speakers.
Unique approach for B lymphoma therapy

Genetic engineering has substantially improved antibodies used in the treatment of cancer and related diseases, initially by providing more compatible reagents (chimeric, humanized, human) for patients but more recently by improving their clinical efficacy.[1][1] In this issue of Blood , Gupta et al
Orientation of Clamshells as a Velocity Indicator in a Canal

Orientation of isolated shells of Corbicula fluminea on the surface of clam-bearing sediments in the Delta-Mendota Canal indicates that water velocities within the “boundary zone” at the surface of the sediments are lower on the inside radius of canal bends as compared with water velocities on the outside radius of the bends or on tangents. In both cases, however, velocities are strong enough to overturn a notable percentage of half shells on a soft substrate into a “stable” (concave downward) position. Hence, the study indicates the existence of the near-bottom currents capable of moving particles as large as clam shells. Most of canal bottom sediments are composed of much smaller particles. Deposition of such sediments is therefore not a simple mechanical process, but involves filter feeding of Corbicula.
International Subsystems A Submacro Approach to International Studies

Foreign policy analysis of individual nation-states (micro) and the study of the global international system (macro) represent one important analytic division in the field of international relations, The purpose of this special issue is to explore an area of inquiry between these two foci, which we might usefully term "submacro."' There is nothing original about this level of analysis if we include the notion of regions and integration, although there is some controversy over the term "region." The debate between the traditionalists and behavioralists often obscures another division-that between the area specialists and the theorists-generalists (the latter usually possessing greater or lesser expertise in "Western" affairs). The importance of bridging the differences between the two has been emphasized by Leonard Binder and Michael Brecher,2 who were similarly concerned with the need to stress what they have called "subordinate systems." In each case, however, their concern has been with one particular region (the Middle East and Southern Asia) and solely in the contemporary setting. To this perspective we have initially added the vertical and
Estimating the effective steric impact of PtBu2Me, PiPr3, and PCy3

Enthalpies of reaction of Ru(CO)(2)L(2) (L = (PPr3)-Pr-i, P(t)Bu(2)Me, and PCy(3)) with MeNC, PhC=CPh (both addition reactions) and PhCC-H (C-H oxidative addition) in toluene ape exothermic in the range 10-25 kcal/mol and are interpreted in terms of P(t)Bu(2)Me being more bulky than (PPr3)-Pr-i or PCy(3). Enthalpy comparisons show that the larger cone angle of PCy(3) than of (PPr3)-Pr-i can be overcome by the greater donor power of PCy(3); the origin of the greater donor power of PCy(3) is discussed.
Direct mechanical dispersion and in vitro culture of fusiform rust fungus single basidiospores

Single basidiospores of Cronartium quer- cuum f. sp. fusiforme were cast from telia suspended over a solidified nutritional medium affixed to an op- erating orbital shaker. Spores thus mechanically dis- persed and isolated, germinated to develop single-
Kinetics of Oxidation of Cychlohexanol by N-Chloronicotinamide in Aqueous Acetic Acid Medium

Kinetics of oxidation o Cyclohexanol by N-Chloronicotinamide(NCN) in 50% V/V aqueous acetic acid mixture has been investigated in the presence of HCIO4 and NaCl. The observed rate of oxidation is first-order with respect to oxidation (NCN) and fractional-order with respect to cyclohexanol. A decrease in dielectric constant of the medium increases the rate. Addition of nicotinamide (NA), the reduction product of NCN, has a retarding effect an the rate of oxidation. Arrhenius and activation parameters are calculated. Kinetics of bromination1 and oxidation2,3 of saturated organic compounds by N-bromosuccinimide(NBS) have been received considerable attention. Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of amino acids by NCN has been reported in aqueous acetic acid medium, we report herein the result of similar studies on the oxidation of cyclohexanol with NCN in aqueous acetic acid medium.
The Social Causes and Political Consequences of Group Empathy

Recent scholarship has discovered significant racial/ethnic group variation in response to political threats such as immigration and terrorism. Surprisingly, minority groups often simultaneously perceive themselves to be at greater risk from such threats and yet still prefer more open immigration policies and civil liberties protections. We suggest a group-level empathy process may explain this puzzle: Due to their higher levels of empathy for other disadvantaged groups, many minority group members support protections for others even when their own interests are threatened. Little is known, however, about the unique properties of group empathy or its role in policy opinion formation. In this study, we examine the reliability and validity of our new measure of group empathy, the Group Empathy Index (GEI), demonstrating that it is distinct from other social and political predispositions such as ethnocentrism, social dominance orientation, authoritarianism, ideology, and partisanship. We then propose a theory about the development of group empathy in reaction to life experiences based on one's race/ethnicity, gender, age, and education. Finally, we examine the power of group empathy to predict policy attitudes and political behavior.
Design of control system for X-ray industrial computed tomography (CT) generation-II scanning motion

Two motion control schemes are proposed to realize the generation-Ⅱ scanning by analyzing the characteristics of X-ray industrial computerized tomography (CT), and two scanning schemes are suggested to improve the scanning efficiency by analyzing and comparing the scanning motion with rotation of the generation-Ⅱ scanning method. The distributed control system consisting of upper and lower computers is then designed together with control circuits and computer software, and experimental results have been obtained as expected.
Imaging Features of Congenital Facial Anomalies

A variety of congenital facial anomalies occur in children.CT and MRI are useful in determining the nature and extent of dysplasia,thereby facilitating treatment planning.A classification system has been developed,which groups these anomalies into two categories based on the embryogenesis and anatomic location.These categories comprise anomalies that are related to the midline and peri-midline structures,the lower and lateral facial structures.CT is the imaging modality of choice in children with bony structure deformities.MR imaging is the modality of choice in patients with congenital midface masses.For some cases,both CT and MR imaging are required to evaluate midface anomalies.Several facial anomalies which can be diagnosed by CT and MRI were introduced in this article,and the recognition of the characteristic imaging features was emphasized.
Analysis on the Influence of Adding Porcelain Insulator Element to the Electric Field of 330 kV Tension Composite Insulator String

In order to improve the insulation level of composite insulator used for 330 kV tension string,the electric field distribution under five conditions are calculated:(1)String without grading ring;(2)String with grading ring;(3)String with grading and shielding ring;(4)String with both grading ring and grading and shielding ring;(5)String with one xp-100 porcelain insulator at the bottom of it.Calculating results indicate that the grading and shielding ring can obviously reduce the field gradient of connection zone of insulator,link fittings,grading ring and conductor,but the field gradient of itself can not be reduced.Add a porcelain insulator at the bottom of the composite insulator can effectively reduce the field gradient of the grading and shielding ring,therefore can improve the insulation level of the tension string.
Abstract IA26: Identifying metabolic liabilities in obesity-associated pancreatic cancer

Obesity is a rising pandemic that is increasingly being recognized for its striking correlation with the incidence of/mortality from cancers of different tissues, particularly that of the pancreas. Ranking as the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal, insidious malignancy whose poor prognosis is reflected in a 5-year survival rate of only 5%. In an obese state characterized by elevated circulating levels of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), metabolic signaling pathways, including PI3K/Akt might be aberrantly regulated, altering tumor cell metabolism and driving the maintenance of PDAC. Recognized as a hallmark of cancer formation, altered cellular metabolism is evident in Kras-driven PDAC tumors. However, the specific metabolic impact of obesity and increased insulin and IGF-1 levels on PDAC tumors has not been thoroughly investigated. We performed a large orthotopic xenograft experiment involving the injection of human pancreatic cancer cells modified to either express constitutively active, myristoylated Akt, or a control fluorescent protein (CFP) into the pancreata of lean or diet-induced obese immunodeficient mice. We find that control CFP-tumors grown in obese mice and all Akt-tumors, independent of obesity, are significantly larger than CFP-tumors grown in lean mice. Gene expression and metabolomics analyses demonstrate a striking representation of distinct metabolic pathways, including the nitrogen/arginine or urea cycle pathway in pancreatic tumors grown in obese versus lean mice. This pathway enrichment partially overlaps with that observed in the Akt-driven tumors, independent of obesity. Here we describe the validation of these results by altering urea cycle gene expression in the human PDAC cells and assessing their effect on PDAC cell proliferation, survival, metabolism, and response to arginine deprivation both in tissue culture in vitro and as orthotopic xenografts in the pancreata of lean or diet-induced obese mice in vivo. These studies will help identify metabolic dependencies in Akt-driven or non-Akt-driven pancreatic tumors grown under either obese/hyperinsulinemic or lean states, that could be targeted therapeutically in PDAC patients. Citation Format: Tamara Zaytouni, Cory Dubois, Daniel Hitchcock, Nicholas Stylopoulos, Clary Clish, Nada Kalaany. Identifying metabolic liabilities in obesity-associated pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Metabolism and Cancer; Jun 7-10, 2015; Bellevue, WA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2016;14(1_Suppl):Abstract nr IA26.
The Development of Content Knowledge Through Teaching Practice

Research on the unique nature of teachers' subject matter knowledge and how this knowledge interacts with other domains of the knowledge base for teaching has been an extremely productive field of inquiry since the mid 1980's. In particular, Shulman's (1987) construct of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) has been taken up by researchers to describe the subject specific knowledge of teachers in a variety of disciplines. Yet while this concept has been widely applied to describe expert teachers' knowledge, much less research has examined how PCK develops in and through teaching practice. To address this need, the present study examines how one teacher's understanding of a pedagogical genre developed through her first semester of teaching a post-secondary second language (L2) writing class. Drawing on a sociocultural theoretical (SCT) perspective, this study traces the development of a single subject matter concept, points of analysis,as it emerges in teaching activity, is mediated by the teacher's interactions with her students and the researcher, and is eventually incorporated into her knowledge of the analytic essay genre and how to teach it.
Using cell deformation and motion to predict forces and collective behavior in morphogenesis

In multi-cellular organisms, morphogenesis translates processes at the cellular scale into tissue deformation at the scale of organs and organisms. To understand how biochemical signaling regulates tissue form and function, we must understand the mechanical forces that shape cells and tissues. Recent progress in developing mechanical models for tissues has led to quantitative predictions for how cell shape changes and polarized cell motility generate forces and collective behavior on the tissue scale. In particular, much insight has been gained by thinking about biological tissues as physical materials composed of cells. Here we review these advances and discuss how they might help shape future experiments in developmental biology.
On Our Way to a Better Understanding of CD8 T Cell Differentiation and Memory T Cell Development.

Abstract As certain acute viral or bacterial infections resolve, two types of effector CD8 T cells are formed that differ in their longevity and memory T-cell potential. These cell types can be distinguished from one another by surface markers, namely IL-7R and KLRG1. Memory precursor effector cells are enriched in the IL-7Rhi KLRG1lo cell population, and short-lived effector cells are enriched in the KLRGhi IL-7Rlo population. These two populations become discernible during the peak of clonal expansion. Upon expression of KLRG1, the effector cells are committed to becoming short-lived. Our recent progress toward identifying the signals and genetic pathways that control the formation of these different types of effector T cells will be discussed.
Ganglioside GM3: An anti-angiogenic molecule with therapeutic potential

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 12-16, 2008; San Diego, CA 1115 Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids that have long been associated with tumor malignancy and metastasis. Mounting evidence suggests that gangliosides also modulate tumor angiogenesis. Tumor cells shed gangliosides into the microenvironment, which then produce both autocrine and paracrine effects on tumor cells and tumor associated host cells (Liu et al., Cancer Res., 66: 10408-14, 2006; and Abate et al., J Neurochem, 98:1973-84, 2006). We previously showed that genetic changes in the ratio of the simple monosialo-ganglioside, GM3, to the complex disialo-ganglioside, GD1a, modulated angiogenesis in mouse brain tumors. In this study, we show that GM3 counteracts the pro-angiogenic effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and GD1a. GM3 significantly inhibited the action of VEGF and GD1a on the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), and inhibited the migration of HUVEC towards VEGF as a chemoattractant. Enrichment of added GM3 in the HUVEC membrane also reduced phosphorylation of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) and downstream Akt. Moreover, GM3 significantly reduced the pro-angiogenic effects of GD1a in the in vivo Matrigel plug assay. Inhibition of GM3 biosynthesis with glucosyl transferase inhibitor, N-butyldeoxynojirimycin (NB-DNJ), significantly increased HUVEC proliferation and VEGFR-2 and Akt phosphorylation suggesting that endogenous GM3 influences angiogenic signaling. Addition of GM3 reversed the effects of NB-DNJ in HUVEC. We conclude that GM3 has anti-angiogenic action and could have therapeutic potential for reducing tumor angiogenesis. (The research was supported from NIH grants (NS 055195 and CA102135), and the Boston College research expense fund).
A Visual Representation of Three Dimensional Learning: A Model for Understanding the Power of the Framework and the NGSS

A Framework for K-12 Science Education [the Framework] (NRC, 2012) and the resulting Next Generation Science Standards [NGSS] (NGSS Lead States, 2013) are based upon current research about teaching and learning science. Thus, they provide a structure that science classrooms can use to change from places where students learn about science to places were students “do” science. This “doing” of science resides in the effective blending of the three dimensions, the Disciplinary Core Ideas, Crosscutting Concepts, and Scientific and Engineering Practices, within instructional design and practice. It is critical that while K-12 educators and administrators are working on understanding three-dimensional science learning, that tools are developed to help with this process. This is one such tool. This conceptual visual model is presented as an explanatory tool to demonstrate the power of the Framework and the NGSS to varied audiences, including K-12 teachers and administrators, community members, legislators, school board members, and university academics. Beginning with the known, by using specific examples from the NGSS and traditional school-science culture, the article provides examples of the dimensions singularly, in tandem, and finally all together. Understanding how the three dimensions interact is a critical first step for schools, districts, and states considering the Framework and NGSS for full or partial adoption, as it helps to illuminate where we are coming from and where we need to go.
Cognitive Effects of Anticholinergics in the Geriatric Patient Population: Safety and Treatment Considerations

Purpose of Review Anticholinergics are one of the mainstay medications for treatment of overactive bladder syndrome. This review is an assessment of the most current literature describing the cognitive adverse effects related to anticholinergic medication use in the elderly population.
Directly embroidered microtubes for fluid transport in wearable applications

We demonstrate, for the first time, a facile and low-cost approach for integrating highly flexible and stretchable microfluidic channels into textile-based substrates. The integration of the microfluidics is accomplished by means of directly embroidering surface-functionalized micro-tubing in a zigzag/meander pattern and subsequently coating it with an elastomer for irreversible bonding. We show the utility of the embroidered micro-tubing by developing robust and stretchable drug-delivery and electronic devices. Controlled drug-delivery platforms with sustained release are achieved through selected laser ablated openings. We further demonstrate a wearable wireless resonant displacement sensor capable of detecting strains ranging from 0 to 60% with an average sensitivity of 45 kHz per % strain by filling the embroidered tubing with a liquid metal alloy, creating stretchable conductive microfluidics with <0.4 Ω resistance variations at their maximum stretchability (100%). The interconnects can withstand 1500 repeated stretch-and-release cycles at 30% strain with a less than 0.1 Ω change in resistance.
Abstract 1579: Bicalutamide-induced expression of T-type Ca2+channels in prostate cancer cells undergoing neuroendocrine differentiationin vitro

The growth of prostate cancer cells depends on the activation of androgen receptors. Anti-androgen therapies that inhibit androgen synthesis or receptor activation are effective in limiting tumor growth. However, prolonged treatment with anti-androgen therapies result in the transition of prostate cancers into an androgen refractory state. Neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) has been associated with the progression of prostate cancers to an androgen resistant phenotype. In this work we investigated the effect of the androgen receptor blocker bicalutamide in promoting NED of LNCaP cells and whether it is accompanied by increased T-type Ca2+ channel expression. The ability of bicalutamide to evoke morphological and biochemical changes associated with NED was assessed by PCR, western blot and immuno-histochemical analysis. Changes in the Cav3.2 T-type Ca2+ channel subunit expression was studied using PCR analysis, western blot and whole cell recordings. The role of T-type Ca2+ channels in promoting the differentiation of LNCaP cells was assessed by a cell viability assay and changes in cell morphology, specifically the development of neurite-like processes. PCR analysis of bicalutamide-stimulated cells indicates no significant changes in Cav3.2 mRNA, yet results in Cav3.2 protein expression and functional channels. Western blot and immuno-histochemical analysis of LNCaP cells simulated with bicalutamide for 4-10 day reveals biochemical changes consistent with NED including the expression of tubulin IIIbeta and neuron-specific enolase. Pharmacological inhibition of T-type Ca2+ channel function with nickel ions and NNC 33-0936 disrupts the morphological differentiation and cell viability of LNCaP cells treated with bicalutamide. These results suggest that bicalutamide treatment of LNCaP cells evokes significant morphological and biochemical changes associated with NED and results in increased expression of T-type Ca2+ channels, which can significantly alter Ca2+ homeostasis. Citation Format: Miguel Martin-Caraballo, Megan Hall, Bryan Todd, Yoon Jung Kwon, Vu Nguyen, Jennifer L. Hearne. Bicalutamide-induced expression of T-type Ca2+ channels in prostate cancer cells undergoing neuroendocrine differentiation in vitro [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1579. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1579
Aberrant Cellular Pathways in PKD

Cystic kidney diseases are a heterogeneous group of genetic, developmental, and acquired disorders characterized by dilated or cystic tubular segments caused by dysregulation of tubular morphology. Several pathologic hallmarks have been identified to explain the abnormal cellular phenotypes associated with cystic epithelium. These include enhanced proliferation, increased apoptosis, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, a secretory phenotype, dysregulated metabolism, and an inability to maintain planar cell polarity. Extensive work over the last few decades has identified many of the genes responsible for inherited forms of cystic kidney disease. This has provided an entry into the identification of cystogenic pathways that underlie the pathologic hallmarks that have been described. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of some of the key signaling pathways that are disrupted in the most common form of renal cystic disease, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD).
Evaluating School Psychologists and School Psychological Services

Without question, the practice of evaluating school psychologists is in its infancy. In spite of the fact that a number of articles have appeared on the subject (Bennett, 1980; Fairchild, 1980; Zins, 1984), there is no set methodology or approach to the evaluation of school psychologists that is widespread in the field, that has withstood the test of normal measurement standards, or that even has withstood the test of time in that it has been in use for more than a decade in a particular location. Perhaps this state of affairs exists because the practice of psychology generally is difficult to evaluate. Nevertheless, strides have been made in other fields as are reflected in the other chapters in this volume.
Electrical Characterization of Human Biological Tissue for Irreversible Electroporation Treatments

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a cancer therapy that uses short, high-voltage electrical pulses to treat tumors. Due to its predominantly non-thermal mechanism and ability to ablate unresectable tumors, IRE has gained popularity in clinical treatments of both liver and pancreatic cancers. Existing computational models use electrical properties of animal tissue that are quantified a priori to predict the area of treatment in three dimensions. However, the changes in the electrical properties of human tissue during IRE treatment are so far unexplored. This work aims to improve models by characterizing the dynamic electrical behavior of human liver and pancreatic tissue. Fresh patient samples of each tissue type, both normal and tumor, were collected and IRE pulses were applied between two parallel metal plates at various voltages. The electrical conductivity was determined from the resistance using simple relations applicable to cylindrical samples. The results indicate that the percent change in conductivity during IRE treatments varies significantly with increasing electric field magnitudes. This percent change versus applied electric field behavior can be fit to a sigmoidal curve, as proposed in prior studies. The generic conductivity data from human patients from this work can be input to computational software using patient-specific geometry, giving clinicians a more accurate and personalized prediction of a given IRE treatment.
Decisional burden among parents of children with cancer

BACKGROUND Despite growing evidence and support for shared decision making, little is known about the experiences of parents who hold more active roles than they wish. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study of 372 parents of children with cancer and their oncologists at 2 academic pediatric hospitals. Parents were surveyed within 12 weeks of the diagnosis, and they were assessed for associated factors and outcomes of holding a more active decision-making role than they preferred. Parents were asked about their preferred and actual roles in decision making. Oncologists were asked to estimate parental preferences. RESULTS Most parents preferred to share decision making with the oncologist (64% [236 of 372]); however, 13% (49 of 372) preferred oncologist-led decision making. Most parents fulfilled their ideal decision-making role (66% [244 of 372]), but a notable minority were either more involved (14% [52 of 372]) or less involved than they preferred (20% [76 of 372]; P < .0001 [McNemar test]). Oncologists recognized parents' preferred roles in 49% of cases (167 of 341); 24% (82 of 341) of parents preferred more active roles than the oncologist recognized, and 27% (92 of 341) preferred less active roles than recognized. No parent or communication characteristics were found that were associated with parents' holding a more active role than desired in decision making. Parents who held more active roles in decision making than they wished had higher odds of decisional regret (odds ratio, 3.75; 95% confidence interval, 2.07-6.80; P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Although many parents fulfill their desired roles in decision making about their child's cancer, some are asked to take on more active roles than they wish. Holding a more active role than desired may lead to increased decisional regret.
Contemporary Approach to Chronic Total Occlusion Interventions

Chronic total occlusion (CTO) poses one of the greatest technical challenges to interventional cardiologists. Despite recent advancements in techniques and clinical trials showing significant benefits of CTO percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), the proportion of patients with untreated CTOs remains high. We therefore aim to perform a comprehensive review of the various techniques available, recent advancements, benefits, and complications associated with CTO PCI. Three randomized clinical trials examining the benefits of CTO PCI have recently been presented. Scoring systems have been developed to facilitate pre-procedural estimation of success and complications of CTO PCI. Technological enhancements in coronary wires and other interventional equipment along with dedicated training for CTO operators have improved the likelihood of successful recanalization of CTOs. CTO PCI has been shown to improve patient symptoms and quality of life. It is therefore important to have an in-depth knowledge of the various CTO techniques, appropriate equipment, and complications when performing these complex procedures. Clinicians should weigh the risks and benefits and choose the appropriate patient population who may benefit from revascularization.
What's in a Name? Provider Perception of Injured John Doe Patients.

Abstract Background We previously demonstrated that unidentified aliased patients, John Doe's (DOEs), are one of the highest risk and most medically fragile populations of injured patients. Aliasing can result in misplaced information and confusion that must be overcome by health care professionals. DOE alias use is institutionally dependent and not uniform, which may lead to significant variation in perception of confusion and error. We sought to determine if health care practitioners experience confusion that may result in compromised care when caring for injured DOE patients. Methods After obtaining institutional review board approval, we surveyed critical care nurses, nurse practitioners, resident physicians, and surgeons who care for DOE patients at two academic level I trauma centers with separate DOE alias practices. Surveys asked whether caring for DOE patients created possible or actual confusion and possible or actual patient care errors. In one institution (Selective DOE), only unidentified patients were given an alias that was reconciled when information became available. At the other institution (All DOE), all trauma patients were admitted with an alias that was reconciled within 24 h. Respondents were invited to complete an anonymous questionnaire regarding the care for DOE patients. Results were analyzed with Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and significance was assessed at a level of 0.05. Results Of 176 total respondents, 120 (68.2%) reported from Selective DOE and 56 (31.8%) from All DOE. Overall 53.1% reported that DOE use can cause serious confusion. Specifically, 31.3% reported experiencing actual confusion, although only 4% reported actual errors. Nurses had significantly higher perceived risk of confusion in the system of All DOE versus Selective DOE assignment (17.9% versus 4.2%, P Conclusions Our study sheds light on clinical consequences of EMR use and aliases for end users. We show that nurses perceive that there are greater potential complications associated with DOE aliases use, and this varies depending on the system used for managing unidentified patients. Minimizing DOE alias use may help to minimize provider confusion, risk for error, and patient safety.
Upwind relaxation methods for the Navier-Stokes equations using inner iterations

A supersonic and subsonic test problem is solved using an upwind line relaxation algorithm for the Navier-Stokes equations which employs inner iterations. In the supersonic test case, the inner iteration method was found to require only about 65 percent of the CPU time which was required by the most efficient line relaxation method without inner iterations. In the subsonic test case, poor matrix conditioning resulted in less efficiency than line relaxation methods employing a more conventional CPU-saving strategy.
Implementation and Process of a COVID-19 Contact Tracing Initiative: Leveraging Health Professional Students to Extend the Workforce During a Pandemic.

Background The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends aggressive contact tracing to control the COVID-19 pandemic. In this work, we (1) describe the development of a COVID-19 contact tracing initiative that includes medical, nursing, and public health students, and is led by clinicians and infectious disease epidemiologists within our health system, and, (2) articulate process steps for contact tracing including workflows and telephone scripts, and, (3) highlight the key challenges and strategies to overcome these challenges. Methods A single academic institution-based contact tracing initiative was rapidly scaled to 110 health professional students, four physicians, two epidemiologists, and a research team. Following training, students called patients who were COVID-19 positive and the individuals they were in contact with to ensure proper isolation and quarantine measures. Students also assisted those who faced barriers to quarantine. Implications In total, between March 24 and May 28 – this initiative completed contact tracing for 536 confirmed cases, which resulted in the identification of 953 contacts. We aim to disseminate this process, including telephone scripts and workflow, to other health systems for use in their initiatives to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic and future public health emergencies.
Primary pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma: Cyto-histologic correlation and review of the literature.

Abstract Preoperative fine needle aspiration diagnosis and cyto-histologic correlation of primary pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma have rarely been described in detail in the literature. A 26-year old male presented at our institution with cough, bloody sputum, and a 4.3 cm left lower lobe lung mass. He was accurately diagnosed with pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma on preoperative aspiration cytology. The patient subsequently proceeded to left lower lobectomy, confirming the diagnosis. In this article, we present a detailed report of primary pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma describing the cytologic and histologic morphologic features, its differential diagnosis with review of the literature.
Active Estimation From Multimodal Data

The paper considers the problem of estimating a covariate parameter shared by multiple statistical models. Under the objective of estimating the parameter with target reliability with the fewest number of samples from these models, a fundamental question is how to glean samples from the statistical models. This question is especially important when the models are not equally descriptive or informative about the parameter, each being the most informative only for a specific regime of the parameter. This paper provides 1) an active sampling framework that specifies how the samples should be collected from different models over time in a data-adaptive fashion; 2) a stopping criterion specifying when the collected data is informative enough to form a reliable estimate for the covariate parameter; and 3) a terminal estimation rule. These rules, collectively, are shown to admit certain optimality guarantees. Numerical evaluations are provided to compare the performance with relevant existing approaches.
Using an animated video to promote an informed discussion on SUDEP with adolescents.

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to create and test an animated video to teach adolescent patients about Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP). Method Thirty-nine patients and thirteen parents watched the SUDEP video and completed at least one survey. Patients with epilepsy aged 14+ and their parents were recruited to watch the video during neurology clinic visits. Parents of minors provided verbal permission for their child to view the video. Participants were asked to complete pre- and post-video surveys. Data analysis included Fischer’s exact tests for comparative data and percentages for categorical variables. Results After watching the SUDEP video, 100% of parents and patients agreed that the video provided helpful knowledge, and 100% of parents and 96% of patients agreed that patients with epilepsy should know about SUDEP. Half of the parents surveyed, and 20% of patients, felt increased concerns after watching the video. Patients rated their understanding of SUDEP significantly higher after watching the video (p Conclusion Participants in this study thought that it was important for patients with epilepsy to know about SUDEP, and all agreed that the animated SUDEP video provided helpful knowledge. While some parents endorsed increased concerns after watching the video, the majority of parents still agreed to allow their child to watch the video. Adolescent education on SUDEP using a family-centered approach may be an important method of encouraging harm-reducing behaviors that can be lifesaving for patients with epilepsy. The standard of practice for SUDEP disclosure should continue to be face-to-face discussion with providers, and we propose this video as a tool to elevate and inform those discussions.
IT Project Success w\7120 and 7123 NPRs to Achieve Project Success

This slide presentation reviews management techniques to assure information technology development project success. Details include the work products, the work breakdown structure (WBS), system integration, verification and validation (IV&V), and deployment and operations. An example, the NASA Consolidated Active Directory (NCAD), is reviewed.
A Model for Flux Pinning in Superconductors

In order to describe some of the important aspects of the interaction of fluxoids with surfaces and large defects in type II superconductors, we consider here an idealized flux-pinning model which treats bulk pinning as arising from a sequence of surface pinning events. To develop this model, we first discuss surface pinning in some detail. We then introduce the model, derive an expression for the critical current density, and, finally, discuss some of its implications.
Isolation and characterization of a yeast strain carrying a mutation in the mitochondrial promoter for COX2.

Abstract Subunit II of cytochrome c oxidase is a mitochondrially encoded protein required for cellular respiration. A respiration-deficient yeast strain has been isolated and shown genetically to carry a mutation in the subunit II structural gene COX2. The respiration-deficient strain produces no subunit II polypeptide and is missing two major transcripts of the subunit II gene. The mutation, first mapped by rho- recombinational rescue to the 5' end of the gene, has been localized precisely, by DNA sequencing, 58 nucleotides upstream of the COX2 ATG initiation codon. The mutant strain carries a single nucleotide change (A to T) relative to the wild type sequence. This mutation occurs in a sequence with substantial homology to a previously identified yeast mitochondrial promoter consensus sequence. These results provide the first in vivo evidence for the importance of the consensus sequence for promoter function.