cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) inhibits retinoblastoma gene expression but not pRB phosphorylation in TGF-β1-growth stimulated colon carcinoma cells

The response of the retinoblastoma (RB) gene and its product (pRB) to transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) was studied in three types of colon carcinoma cells derived from the same parental line. TGF-beta 1 was a growth inhibitor for two enterocytic-differentiated lines, a growth stimulator for two undifferentiated lines, and had no effect on two goblet cell-differentiated lines. TGF-beta 1 treatment for 3 days decreased RB gene expression and pRB level two- to threefold in each responsive line. When treated with TGF-beta 1 beginning in early G1, enterocytic cells were arrested in G1 and pRB remained under-phosphorylated and in low abundance. Neither goblet cell line exhibited these responses to TGF-beta 1 because they were shown to lack TGF-beta 1 type I and II receptors. Thus during colonocyte differentiation goblet cells lose responsiveness to TGF-beta 1 by down-regulating TGF-beta 1 receptors, while enterocytic cells retain and exhibit responsiveness to TGF-beta 1 through modulations of pRB. Both of the undifferentiated lines exhibited mixed responses to TGF-beta 1: a decrease in total amount of RB mRNA and pRB protein yet an increase in pRB phosphorylation consistent with increased cell cycling. Therefore, TGF-beta 1 controls RB function by two separable mechanisms, the regulation of pRB phosphorylation and the control of RB mRNA and protein level.
The Effects of the Real Oil Price on Regional Wage Dispersion

We find that oil supply shocks decrease average real wages, particularly skilled wages, and increase wage dispersion across regions, particularly unskilled wage dispersion. In a model with spatial energy intensity differences and nontradables, labor demand shifts, while explaining the response of average wages to oil supply shocks, have counterfactual implications for the response of wage dispersion. Only an additional response in labor supply can explain this latter fact highlighting the importance of general equilibrium effects in a spatial context. We provide additional empirical evidence of regionally directed worker reallocation and housing prices consistent with our spatial model. Finally, we show that a calibrated version of our model can quantitatively match the estimated effects of oil supply shocks.
Pediatric HIV infection--a growing challenge for home care

The physical, psychological, and social impact of HIV infection in children places enormous demands and stresses on their families. Home care programs can help coordinate the services for these families.
Propagation of highly scattered radiation in tissue

An increasing number of biomedical technologies for sensor applications and photodynamic therapy are based on the propagation of highly scattered radiation in tissue. A simple example of a sensor is the Pulse Oximeter where light from a Light-Emitting Diode (LED) is directed onto a finger (see Figure 12.1), and the measured attenuation determines whether the blood is oxygen rich or oxygen poor.
Impact of genomic profiling on the treatment and outcomes of patients with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies

The impact of genomic profiling on the outcomes of patients with advanced gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies remains unknown. The primary objectives of the study were to investigate the clinical benefit of genomic-guided therapy, defined as complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or stable disease (SD) at 3 months, and its impact on progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with advanced GI malignancies. Clinical and genomic data of all consecutive GI tumor samples from April, 2013 to April, 2016 sequenced by FoundationOne were obtained and analyzed. A total of 101 samples from 97 patients were analyzed. Ninety-eight samples from 95 patients could be amplified making this approach feasible in 97% of the samples. After removing duplicates, 95 samples from 95 patients were included in the further analysis. Median time from specimen collection to reporting was 11 days. Genomic alteration-guided treatment recommendations were considered new and clinically relevant in 38% (36/95) of the patients. Rapid decline in functional status was noted in 25% (9/36) of these patients who could therefore not receive genomic-guided therapy. Genomic-guided therapy was utilized in 13 patients (13.7%) and 7 patients (7.4%) experienced clinical benefit (6 PR and 1 SD). Among these seven patients, median PFS was 10 months with some ongoing durable responses. Genomic profiling-guided therapy can lead to clinical benefit in a subset of patients with advanced GI malignancies. Attempting genomic profiling earlier in the course of treatment prior to functional decline may allow more patients to benefit from these therapies.
Analytical modeling of the thermal aspects of metalworking fluids in the milling process

Heat generated in the cutting zone during metal cutting has an undeniable controlling influence on the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece and tool life. The heat dissipation process in the cutting zone is critical to the type of metalworking fluid (MWF) used and the way it is delivered to the cutting zone. Although extended studies have analyzed the thermal aspect of the machining process, few, if any, have incorporated the influence of the delivery method (application) of the MWF on the convective heat transfer process. In this paper, a comprehensive approach analysis was taken to assess the heat generation in the cutting process. Analytical models were developed to estimate the amount of heat generated in the shear zone and the heat partition in the shear plane during the milling process. In addition, the heat transfer coefficients of metalworking fluids during flooding, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and through-spindle cooling (TSC) strategies were evaluated. Regarding MQL, the determination of heat transfer coefficients of metalworking fluids involves the use of a homogeneous single-phase flow assumption of the two fluids (air and lubricant). Next, the average temperature change in the workpiece was estimated by considering the conductive and convective heat transfer coefficients of the workpiece and fluids. Finally, the analytical models of the temperature change in the workpiece were experimentally validated against workpiece-embedded thermocouple measurements. It was found that the results of the models show good agreement with the experimental results.
The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM–5 (CAPS-5): Development and initial psychometric evaluation in military veterans.

The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) is an extensively validated and widely used structured diagnostic interview for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The CAPS was recently revised to correspond with PTSD criteria in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). This article describes the development of the CAPS for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) and presents the results of an initial psychometric evaluation of CAPS-5 scores in 2 samples of military veterans (Ns = 165 and 207). CAPS-5 diagnosis demonstrated strong interrater reliability (к = .78 to 1.00, depending on the scoring rule) and test-retest reliability (к = .83), as well as strong correspondence with a diagnosis based on the CAPS for DSM-IV (CAPS-IV; к = .84 when optimally calibrated). CAPS-5 total severity score demonstrated high internal consistency (α = .88) and interrater reliability (ICC = .91) and good test-retest reliability (ICC = .78). It also demonstrated good convergent validity with total severity score on the CAPS-IV (r = .83) and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (r = .66) and good discriminant validity with measures of anxiety, depression, somatization, functional impairment, psychopathy, and alcohol abuse (rs = .02 to .54). Overall, these results indicate that the CAPS-5 is a psychometrically sound measure of DSM-5 PTSD diagnosis and symptom severity. Importantly, the CAPS-5 strongly corresponds with the CAPS-IV, which suggests that backward compatibility with the CAPS-IV was maintained and that the CAPS-5 provides continuity in evidence-based assessment of PTSD in the transition from DSM-IV to DSM-5 criteria. (PsycINFO Database Record
Writing for Algorithmic Audiences

Abstract This article examines the role that algorithms may play as audiences when teaching writing on the World Wide Web. It argues that introducing the provisional term “algorithmic audience” reflects three prior conceptions of audience, including concrete situations, discourse community, and participatory audiences. It then offers a three-part classroom approach: identifying the biases of those who design algorithms, managing metadata, and anticipating audience response. I argue that the term “algorithmic audience” may help students to write for audiences beyond the instructor from within the confines of the classroom.
The Effects of Residential Mobility on the Education Outcomes of Urban Middle School Students and the Moderating Potential of Civic Engagement

Residential mobility is associated with negative education outcomes for urban students, but there is little empirical evidence for school factors that may ameliorate these effects. One such factor ...
Successful use of uridine triacetate (Vistogard) three weeks after capecitabine in a patient with homozygous dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase mutation: A case report and review of the literature:

5-fluorouracil and capecitabine are chemotherapeutic agents commonly used to treat solid malignancies. Increased susceptibility to 5-fluorouracil or capecitabine, caused by impaired clearance, dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency, or other genetic mutations in the enzymes that metabolize 5-fluorouracil can lead to severe life-threatening toxicities and are typically manifested by an early onset of symptoms. We report and discuss the management and outcome of capecitabine toxicity with the recently FDA approved antidote, uridine triacetate (Vistogard), in a 57-year-old female breast cancer patient with homozygous dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency who received treatment beyond the recommended 96 h window from the last dose of capecitabine.
A Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Human DNA Polymerase η Potentiates the Effects of Cisplatin in Tumor Cells

Translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) performed by human DNA polymerase eta (hpol η) allows tolerance of damage from cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP or cisplatin). We have developed hpol η inhibitors derived from N-aryl-substituted indole barbituric acid (IBA), indole thiobarbituric acid (ITBA), and indole quinuclidine scaffolds and identified 5-((5-chloro-1-(naphthalen-2-ylmethyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione (PNR-7-02), an ITBA derivative that inhibited hpol η activity with an IC50 value of 8 μM and exhibited 5–10-fold specificity for hpol η over replicative pols. We conclude from kinetic analyses, chemical footprinting assays, and molecular docking that PNR-7-02 binds to a site on the little finger domain and interferes with the proper orientation of template DNA to inhibit hpol η. A synergistic increase in CDDP toxicity was observed in hpol η-proficient cells co-treated with PNR-7-02 (combination index values = 0.4–0.6). Increased γH2AX formation accompanied tre...
The Interpretation of the Human Way of Being and Its Political Implications

One would be hard-pressed to maintain that one's view of politics, with its possibilities and requirements, is conceptually independent of one's interpretation of what it is to be human. At the very least, “ought” implies “can.”.
177-P: UNACCEPTABLE ANTIGEN DILEMMA FOR LUNG PATIENT

Aim As an example of the challenges faced when using Luminex Single Antigen (LSA) with multiple serum treatments to determine unacceptable donor antigens, we present the case of an adult male lung recipient. Methods HLA Ab screening by LabScreen SA beads. Serum was tested untreated, 1:25, heat 63° (HI), DTT treated, and using C1q assay. T and B cells crossmatched (XM) by CDC AHG, DTT CDC AHG and Flow Cytometry. Results Six sera were screened: three pre transplant, date of transplant, and two post transplant. HLA C locus Abs, with MFIs 2091-8631, were detected only after DTT treatment. Anti HLA C∗06:02 was detected in 3 of 3 DTT treated pre sera with MFIs of 4045, 8089, and 8631. Sera XM’d against a known surrogate C ∗ 06:02 cell, resulted in T and B cell negative XMs. Patient was transplanted with lungs to which two DSAs were identified. DSA to DRB3 ∗ 02:02(MFI 2110) and C∗12(MFI 3204) were detected in date of transplant serum. The C1q assay did not identify Ab to donor. Final XMs were T and B cell negative. Patient was initially treated with plasma pheresis and IVIg. He maintains the lungs 11 wks post op [ Table 1 ]. Conclusions Although the virtual XM was positive, donor specific XMs were negative. Weak positive LSA may not be a barrier to transplant. Lymphocytotoxicity crossmatching is critical. More extensive evaluation of serum pretreatment results needs to be performed to determine clinically relevant transplant antibodies.
Deep Brain Stimulation for Chronic Cluster Headache: A Review.

OBJECTIVES Cluster headaches are a set of episodic and chronic pain syndromes that are sources of significant morbidity for patients. The standard of care for cluster headaches remains medication therapy, however a minority of patients will remain refractory to treatment despite changes to dosage and therapeutic combinations. In these patients, functional neuromodulation using Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) presents the opportunity to alleviate the significant pain that is experienced by targeting the neurophysiological substrates that mediate pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS We review the literature on chronic cluster headache, including the growing number of DBS case reports and series that describe the alleviation of pain in a majority of patients through conventional or endoventricular targeting of the posterior hypothalamus and ventral tegmental area, with a minimal side effect profile. RESULTS In this review, the history and outcomes of DBS use for medication-refractory cluster headaches are examined, with discussion on future directions for improving this novel treatment modality and providing efficacious, longer-lasting pain relief in headache patients. CONCLUSION In patients with chronic cluster headache, functional neuromodulation using DBS presents the opportunity to alleviate the significant pain that is experienced by targeting the neurophysiological substrates that mediate pain.
On the role of composition and processing parameters on the microstructure evolution of Ti-xMo alloys.

Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS™) was used to produce a compositionally graded Ti-xMo (0 ≤ x ≤ 12 wt %) specimen and nine Ti-15Mo (fixed composition) specimens at different energy densities to understand the composition–processing–microstructure relationships operating using additive manufacturing. The gradient was used to evaluate the effect of composition on the prior-beta grain size. The specimens deposited using different energy densities were used to assess the processing parameters influence the microstructure evolutions. The gradient specimen did not show beta grain size reduction with the Mo content. The analysis from the perspective of the two grain refinement mechanisms based on a model known as the Easton & St. John, which was originally developed for aluminum and magnesium alloys shows the lower bound in prior-beta grain refinement with the Ti–Mo system. The low growth restriction factor for the Ti-Mo system of Q = 6,5C0 explains the unsuccessful refinement from the solute-based mechanism. The energy density and the grain size are proportional according to the results of the nine fixed composition specimens at different energy densities. More energy absorption from the material represents bigger molten pools, which in turn relates to lower cooling rates.
A text-mining approach to obtain detailed treatment information from free-text fields in population-based cancer registries: A study of non-small cell lung cancer in California

Author(s): Maguire, Frances B; Morris, Cyllene R; Parikh-Patel, Arti; Cress, Rosemary D; Keegan, Theresa H M; Li, Chin-Shang; Lin, Patrick S; Kizer, Kenneth W | Abstract: Population-based cancer registries have treatment information for all patients making them an excellent resource for population-level monitoring. However, specific treatment details, such as drug names, are contained in a free-text format that is difficult to process and summarize. We assessed the accuracy and efficiency of a text-mining algorithm to identify systemic treatments for lung cancer from free-text fields in the California Cancer Registry.The algorithm used Perl regular expressions in SAS 9.4 to search for treatments in 24,845 free-text records associated with 17,310 patients in California diagnosed with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer between 2012 and 2014. Our algorithm categorized treatments into six groups that align with National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. We compared results to a manual review (gold standard) of the same records.Percent agreement ranged from 91.1% to 99.4%. Ranges for other measures were 0.71-0.92 (Kappa), 74.3%-97.3% (sensitivity), 92.4%-99.8% (specificity), 60.4%-96.4% (positive predictive value), and 92.9%-99.9% (negative predictive value). The text-mining algorithm used one-sixth of the time required for manual review.SAS-based text mining of free-text data can accurately detect systemic treatments administered to patients and save considerable time compared to manual review, maximizing the utility of the extant information in population-based cancer registries for comparative effectiveness research.
A phase II trial of everolimus (E) and bevacizumab (B) in advanced non-clear cell renal cell cancer (ncRCC) to show efficacy in patients (pts) with papillary features.

4522 Background: VEGF- and mTOR-directed therapies achieve inferior outcomes in pts with advanced ncRCC compared to clear cell RCC. Limited benefit from monotherapy supports study of combination re...
On the Gravitational Inverse Problem

We discuss some mathematical aspects of the problem of inverting gravitational field data to extract the underlying mass distribution. While the forward problem of computing the gravity field from a given mass distribution is mathematically straightforward, the inverse of this forward map has some interesting features that make inversion a difficult problem. In particular, the forward map has an infinite-dimensional kernel which makes the inversion fundamentally non-unique. We characterize completely the kernels of two gravitational forward maps, one map
The impact of Coriolis approximations on the environmental sensitivity of idealized extratropical cyclones

The precise influence of climate change on extratropical cyclone genesis and evolution is an important (but as yet unsolved) problem, given their physical and economic impact on a large portion of the planet’s population. However, extratropical cyclones are also affected by the competing influences of forcing mechanisms at a wide range of spatial scales, complicating the problem. While the advent of idealized numerical modeling has allowed great strides in addressing these complications and achieving some qualitative consensus in the literature, there is still some quantitative disagreement about response magnitude and where local maxima and minima in the response may be located. Thus, the advantages inherent in the variety of idealized numerical modeling methods used to address this problem are also a drawback, as it can be difficult to draw one-to-one comparisons across experiments. Although the effects of particular model architecture choices such as microphysical and cumulus schemes are well-documented, others are less understood. In this study, we examine the role of Coriolis approximations by comparing a new set of ETC sensitivity experiments using a linear β-plane approximation to an existing set of extratropical sensitivity experiments using a constant f-plane approximation. ETCs within the new β-plane experiment are found to generally decrease in strength with temperature, as measured by both minimum sea level pressure and maximum eddy kinetic energy (EKE). A small increase in EKE is observed at the warmest temperatures, likely due to diabatic influences disrupting flow within the warm conveyor belt. While seemingly contradictory to the previous f-plane results, the two experiments are instead found to be qualitatively similar upon further inspection, with an offset of approximately 8 K. This offset is primarily due to the Coriolis approximations, although the initial stability profile (affected by the Coriolis approximation) has a marginal influence.
Back in the Day: Nostalgia Frames Rural Residents' Perspectives on Diet and Physical Activity

Abstract Objective To observe and interpret cultural influences on health behaviors in a rural area with a high prevalence of obesity. Design Descriptive, qualitative study. Setting Lenoir County, NC, US. Participants Four focus groups (n = 33) were conducted. Participants were 76% African American and with an average of 25 years of county residence. Phenomenon Of Interest Diet, physical activity, environment Analysis Content analysis and thematic data analysis to identify key themes using qualitative analysis software. Results Participants frequently evoked nostalgia to frame recurrent themes including decreased opportunities for physical activity and changing food access and preparation in the community, contrasting with memories of enjoying local produce and safe outdoor recreation. They interpreted present health behaviors in the context of these past losses. Conclusions and Implications Nostalgia is an important element in our participants’ cultural repertoires, revealing elements of place-based culture. Nostalgic narratives may foster a sense of reduced options for healthy eating and exercise by over-emphasizing loss. The incorporation of place-specific obesogenic cultural factors, including the way residents juxtapose past and present, may improve obesity interventions in rural settings.
Computing in the arts: the algorithm is the medium

Algorithms have existed for at least 2,000 years (e.g., Euclid's algorithm). In music and art, algorithms appear as early as Guido d'Arezzo (ca. 1000 A.D.), and in compositions by Bach, Mozart, John Cage, Iannis Xenakis, among others. Modern examples include data sonification for scientific or aesthetic purposes, such as sonifying biosignals, images, orbits of planets, and human movement (e.g., dance), among others. This talk will focus on Computing in the Arts (CITA), an NSF-funded model curriculum, which combines creativity, problem solving, and computer programming to prepare students for graduate school and careers in technology and arts industries of the 21st century. CITA is part of the new movement to combine art and design with science, technology, engineering and math (STEM + Art = STEAM). Several examples will be presented, including: • SoundMorpheus (an innovative interface for positioning sounds via arm movements); • Diving into Infinity (a motion-based system which explores depictions of infinity in M.C. Escher's works); and • JythonMusic (a programming environment for developing interactive music experiences and systems). Bill Manaris is Professor of Computer Science, and Director of the Computing in the Arts program at the College of Charleston. His areas of expertise include computer music, human-computer interaction and artificial intelligence. He explores interaction design, modeling of aesthetics and creativity, sound spatialization, and telematics. As an undergraduate, he studied computer science and music at the University of New Orleans, and holds M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Computer Science from the University of Louisiana. He also studied classical and jazz guitar. Recently, he published a textbook in Computer Music and Creative Programming. His research has been supported by the National Science Foundation, Google, IBM, the Louisiana Board of Regents, and the Stavros Niarchos Foundation.
Robotic Posterior Component Separation

The open transversus abdominis release (TAR) has been described as a lateral extension of the Rives-Stoppa retromuscular repair to provide a tension-free closure of the hernia defect, place the mesh in the retrorectus space, and avoid the creation of large subcutaneous flaps needed for performing anterior component separation. Our robotic approach is essentially a replica of the open technique with the added advantage of shorter hospital stay and lower wound morbidity when compared with the open approach.
Sleep medicine exposure offered by United States residency training programs

Study Objectives:To understand the sleep medicine educational exposure among parent specialties of sleep medicine fellowships, we conducted an online survey among Accreditation Council of Graduate ...
Meiotic Cas9 expression mediates genotype conversion in the male and female mouse germline

Abstract Highly efficient genotype conversion systems have potential to facilitate the study of complex genetic traits using laboratory mice and to limit loss of biodiversity and disease transmission caused by wild rodent populations. We previously showed that such a system of genotype conversion from heterozygous to homozygous after a sequence targeted CRISPR/Cas9 double strand DNA break is feasible in the female mouse germline. In the male germline, however, all double strand breaks were instead repaired by end joining mechanisms to form an ‘insertion/deletion’ (indel) mutation. These observations suggested that timing Cas9 expression to coincide with meiosis I is critical to favor conditions when homologous chromosomes are aligned and interchromosomal homology directed repair (HDR) mechanisms predominate. Here, using a Cas9 knock-in allele at the Spo11 locus, we show that meiotic expression of Cas9 does indeed mediate genotype conversion in the male as well as in the female germline. However, the low frequency of both HDR and indel mutation in both male and female germlines suggests that Cas9 may be expressed from the Spo11 locus at levels too low for efficient double strand DNA break formation. We suggest that more robust Cas9 expression initiated during early meiosis I may improve the efficiency of genotype conversion and further increase the rate of ‘super-Mendelian’ inheritance from both male and female mice.
Needle aspiration of lateral neck abscess in children: A simple and effective treatment.

Abstract Background Cervical abscesses frequently occurred in pediatric patients. Surgical drainage is currently recommended in the cases not responding to medical therapy. Needle aspiration may represent a simple, effective and minimally invasive treatment for acute neck suppuration in selected cases. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of needle aspiration in the treatment of cervical abscesses in pediatric age as an alternative to surgical drainage. Methods From November 2013 to November 2019, at the ENT Department of the “Bambino Gesu" Pediatric Hospital, Rome, we treated 47 children with cervical abscess by performing aspiration with a 19 G needle in wakefulness after applying local anesthetic. Parenteral antibiotic treatment was associated with all patients both before and after treatment. Results Complete regression of the abscess occurred in 46 children with no evidence of recurrence in the follow-up period. Surgical drainage was required in only one patient due to the lack of resolution of the abscess episode. No complications such as hematomas or hypertrophic scars were found in any patient. Conclusions Our results confirm the effectiveness of needle aspiration in the treatment of cervical abscesses in children as an alternative to surgical drainage.
Aluminum diffusion in zircon

Abstract Al diffusion under anhydrous 1-atm conditions has been measured in natural zircon. Experiments used a source consisting of AlPO4-ZrSiO4 powder mixtures. Experiments were run in air in crimped Pt capsules. Al profiles were measured with Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) using the reaction 27Al(p, γ)28Si. For diffusion parallel to c, the following Arrhenius relation is determined: D = 6.24 × 103 exp.(−774 ± 34 kJ mol−1 /RT) m2s−1 Diffusivities normal and parallel to c are similar, indicating little anisotropy of diffusion of Al. Al diffuses more rapidly than tetravalent cations that substitute on the Si site in zircon, but more slowly than trivalent cations substituting on the Zr site. These slow diffusivities indicate that Al chemical signatures will be quite resistant to diffusional alteration. For example, Al compositions at the center of 50 μm radius zircon grains would be preserved over times greater than the age of the earth at temperatures in excess of 1000 °C.
Using Crime Data to Assess Longitudinal Relationships Between Community Violent Crime and Aggressive Behavior Among At-Risk Youth:

The goal of this study was to assess longitudinal, predictive relationships between community violent crime and reactive and proactive aggression. Community violent crime data were gathered from lo...
Measuring circulating triglycerides in free-living birds: evaluation of a field-usable point-of-care analyzer for American woodcock

Plasma metabolites such as triglyceride (TRIG) can be useful indicators of when birds are in a state of fattening or fasting, although the challenges of processing, storing, and analyzing field-collected plasma samples may limit its use by field ornithologists. We evaluated the use of a field-usable point-of-care (POC) analyzer (CardioChek PA analyzer) for measuring TRIG concentrations in the plasma of male American Woodcock (Scolopax minor) captured during their spring courtship period and compared those measures to those from standard laboratory analyses of the same plasma samples. Plasma TRIG measured in the field with the POC analyzer was highly repeatable and precise, but not accurate compared to lab-measured values. The inaccuracy of the POC analyzer may be due to the effects of environmental conditions on the analyzer’s function or to specific problems associated with analyzing woodcock blood. We conclude that the field-usable POC analyzer does not provide an accurate alternative method for measuring circulating TRIG in woodcock during cold springs in northern breeding areas. Given the analyzer has proven accurate for estimating circulating TRIG in some other bird species, we outline a two-phase pilot study that field ornithologists can use to understand the operating limits of this analyzer for their target species prior to field use.
Applications of Specific Detectors in Microanalysis by Gas Chromatography

Although the high sensitivity of the detectors is largely responsible for the wide applicability of gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) in biological studies, it is not the only characteristic to consider when choosing a detector for a given analytical problem. The specificity of the detector often plays a more important part in determining whether the desired information will be obtained in a given analysis and how reliable that information will be. In this paper, several examples of applications of highly specific detection systems that demonstrate the contribution these devices can make will be described.
“The Memory of Beauty” Survives Alzheimer's Disease (but Cannot Help Memory)

The aesthetic experience, in particular the experience of beauty in the visual arts, should have neural correlates in the human brain. Neuroesthetics is principally implemented by functional studies in normal subjects, but the neuropsychology of the aesthetic experience, that is, the impact of brain damage on the appreciation of works of art, is a neglected field. Here, 16 mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease patients and 15 caregivers expressed their preference on 16 works of art (eight representational and eight abstract) during programmed visits to an art gallery. A week later, all subjects expressed a preference rate on reproductions of the same works presented in the gallery. Both patients and caregivers were consistent in assigning preference ratings, and in patients consistency was independent of the ability to recognize the works on which the preference rate had been given in an explicit memory task. Caregivers performed at ceiling in the memory task. Both patients and caregivers assigned higher preference ratings for representational than for abstract works and preference consistency was comparable in representational and abstract works. Furthermore, in the memory task, patients did not recognize better artworks they had assigned higher preference ratings to, suggesting that emotional stimuli (as presumably visual works of art are) cannot enhance declarative memory in this pathology. Our data, which were gathered in an ecological context and with real-world stimuli, confirm previous findings on the stability of aesthetic preference in patients with Alzheimer's disease and on the independence of aesthetic preference from cognitive abilities such as memory.
Theoretical top quark cross section at the Fermilab Tevatron and the CERN LHC

We present results for the top quark pair cross section at the Tevatron and the LHC. We use the resummed double differential cross section, employing the fully kinematics-dependent soft-anomalous-dimension matrices, to calculate the soft-gluon contributions at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO). We improve and update our previous estimates by refining our methods, including further subleading terms, and employing the most recent parton distribution function sets. The NNLO soft corrections significantly enhance the NLO cross section while considerably reducing the scale dependence. We provide a detailed discussion of all theoretical uncertainties in our calculation, including kinematics, scale, and parton distribution uncertainties, and clarify the differences between our work and other approaches in the literature.
Considerations in Representing Myths, Legends, and Folktales

Narrative originates in forms common to oral cultures. The body of work examining and analyzing myths, legends, and folklore, provides a foundation and support for a greater psychologically resonant experience. Surveyed work includes: the characteristics of oral narrative sketched by Ong, the structural interpretation of myth described by Levi-Strauss, the psychological types outlined by Jung, and Propp’s morphology
Detecting link failures in complex network processes using remote monitoring

We study whether local structural changes in a complex network can be distinguished from passive remote time-course measurements of the network's dynamics. Specifically the detection of link failures in a network synchronization process from noisy measurements at a single network component is considered. By phrasing the detection task as a Maximum A Posteriori Probability hypothesis testing problem, we are able to obtain conditions under which the detection is 1) improved over the a priori and 2) asymptotically perfect, in terms of the network spectrum and graph. We find that, in the case where the detector has knowledge of the network's state, perfect detection is possible under general connectivity conditions regardless of the measurement location. When the detector does not have state knowledge, a remote signature permits improved but not perfect detection, under the same connectivity conditions. At its essence, detectability is achieved because of the close connection between a network's topology, its eigenvalues and local response characteristics.
Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Attraction to Stressed or Baited Ash Trees

Emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), has killed millions of ash (Fraxinus sp.) trees in North America since its discovery in Michigan in 2002. Efficient methods to detect low-density A. planipennis populations remain a critical priority for regulatory and resource management agencies. We compared the density of adult A. planipennis captured on sticky bands and larval density among ash trees that were girdled for 1 or 2 yr, wounded, exposed to the stress-elicitor methyl jasmonate, baited with Manuka oil lures, or left untreated. Studies were conducted at four sites in 2006 and 2007, where A. planipennis densities on untreated trees ranged from very low to moderate. In 2006, 1-yr girdled trees captured significantly more adult A. planipennis and had higher larval densities than untreated control trees or trees treated with methyl jasmonate or Manuka oil. Open-grown trees captured significantly more A. planipennis beetles than partially or fully shaded trees. In 2007, A. planipennis population levels and captures of adult A. planipennis were substantially higher than in 2006. The density of adults captured on sticky bands did not differ significantly among canopy exposure classes or treatments in 2007. Larval density was significantly higher in untreated, wounded, and 1-yr girdled trees (girdled in 2007) than in 2-yr girdled trees (girdled in 2006), where most phloem was consumed by A. planipennis larvae the previous year. A total of 36 trees (32 in 2006, 4 in 2007) caught no beetles, but 16 of those trees (13 in 2006, 3 in 2007) had A. planipennis larvae. In 2006, there was a positive linear relationship between the density of adults captured on sticky bands and larval density in trees. Our results show that freshly girdled and open grown trees were most attractive to A. planipennis, especially at low-density sites. If girdled trees are used for A. planipennis detection or survey, debarking trees to locate larval galleries is crucial.
DOMINANCE MODIFIERS IN NEUROSPORA CRASSA: PHENOCOPY SELECTION AND INFLUENCE ON CERTAIN ASCUS MUTANTS

When homozygous in zygotes, mutant alleles at the peak locus in linkage group V of Neurospora crassa initiate aberrant asci that are nonlinear, in contrast to the linear asci characteristic of wild type. Most mutant alleles are recessive, inasmuch as crosses of the mutant strains with wild type give linear asci. However, five different mutant alleles, when heterozygous with the wild-type allele, act in varying degrees as zygote dominants, initiating both linear and nonlinear asci, the relative proportions depending on the allele. Five modifiers that act on the dominance relationships of at least one of the five possible heterozygotes of a dominant peak and its wild-type allele have been characterized, four of them having been obtained by selection directed against a phenocopy of these mutants induced by treatment of wild type with l-sorbose. The pattern of modifier specificity observed among the various dominant peak heterozygotes indicates that the phenotypic effects are produced by a complex relationship between the modifiers and the dominant peak alleles in relation to their wild-type allele. In all but two cases the direction of modification, where present, is towards decreasing the dominance of the mutant allele in the heterozygote, evidenced by an increase in the percentage of linear asci when compared with control data. The modifiers exert their maximum modification when they themselves are heterozygous with their wild-type alleles and when the dominant peak allele is heterozygous with its wild-type allele. No modification occurs when heterozygous modifiers are included in zygotes homozygous for a dominant peak allele, reinforcing the notion that the modifiers act on the dominance relationship existent between a dominant peak allele and its wild-type allele, rather than influencing some activity of the mutant allele itself. The modifiers have no detectable effect of their own on ascus morphology, since homozygous modifier zygotes initiate entirely linear asci when only wild-type alleles of peak are present in the zygotes. Their only detectable effect, other than dominance modification, appears to be in conferring sorbose resistance to the mycelium. The modifiers are unlinked to the peak locus, and, except for two of them, they are nonallelic.
Traitement multimodal de l’agressivité et de la violence chez des personnes souffrant de psychose

Dans cet article, les auteurs decrivent les traitements non pharmacologiques qui ont fait preuve d’efficacite pour reduire l’agressivite et la violence chez les personnes souffrant de psychose. Ils presentent ensuite une approche de formulation/planification du traitement qui aborde les influences etiologiques complexes, et les facteurs multiples qui jouent sur le maintien du comportement agressif chez ces patients. Finalement, ils presentent en exemple un cas ou l’on se sert de cette approche.
ISOLATION OF NORMAL T CELLS IN CHRONIC LYMPHATIC LEUKÆMIA

Abstract Lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphatic leukaemia (C.L.L.) show a poor response to mitogens. Lymphocytes from these patients and from healthy patients were separated into two populations. One population, very rich in T cells, showed the same type of response for both the controls and patients. In contrast, the population poor in T cells derived from C.L.L. lymphocytes did not respond at all to mitogens. Recombination experiments indicate that the response can be restored by the addition of T cells. These findings demonstrate the presence of a normally reactive T-cell population in patients with C.L.L. It seems that the lack of responsiveness in C.L.L. is due to the dilution of normally responding cells.
Space Carbon--Neutral Pathways?

Complex chemistry takes place in interstellar matter, aided by the energetic photons of ultraviolet radiation that ionize molecules and induce reactions. In their Perspective, Heath and Saykally discuss results published in the same issue by Kaiser et al. (p. 1508) that reveal the importance of neutral species in interstellar chemistry. Such reactions explain the reaction-product branching ratios in such different objects as the TMC-1 molecular cloud and the carbon star IRC+10216.
Theoretical study of relaxation at the (110) Ge-GaAs interface

Abstract A simple relaxation of the Ge-GaAs (110) interface is studied theoretically using self-consistent pseudopotentials. The relaxation is one in which the distance between the Ge and GaAs atomic planes at the interface is increased by 20%. Band edge discontinuities are found to be insensitive to this type of relaxation in spite of large distortions of the electronic charge density.
Tennessee Williams: The Uses of Declarative Memory in the Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams called his first great work, The Glass Menagerie, his “memory play.” The situation in which Williams found himself when he began writing the play is explored, as are the ways in which he used the declarative memory of his protagonist, Tom Wingfield, to express and deal with his own painful conflicts. Williams's use of stage directions, lighting, and music to evoke memory and render it three-dimensional is described. Through a close study of The Glass Menagerie, the many uses of memory for the purposes of wish fulfillment, conflict resolution, and resilience are examined.
In vitro synthesis of A 2.1 × 106 dalton DNA in the endogenous retrovirus reverse transcriptase reaction

Abstract A discrete, homogeneous population of single-stranded DNA molecules complementary to virion RNA has been synthesized in a modified RNA directed DNA polymerase reaction involving the endogenous retrovirus produced by the mouse cell line JLS V-6. A molecular weight of 2.1 × 10 6 dalton for the DNA was assigned from the sedimentation coeffecient in alkaline sucrose gradients, the electrophoretic mobility in formamide gels, and the lengths of the molecules in electron micrographs.
Physical Mechanisms of Glaze Ice Scallop Formations on Swept Wings

An experiment was conducted to understand the physical mechanisms that lead to the formation of scallops on swept wings. Icing runs were performed on a NACA 0012 swept wing tip at 45 deg, 30 deg, and 15 deg sweep angles. A baseline case was chosen and direct measurements of scallop height and spacing, castings, video data and close-up photographic data were obtained. The results showed the scallops are made of glaze ice feathers that grow from roughness elements that have reached a minimum height and are located beyond a given distance from the attachment line. This distance depends on tunnel conditions and sweep angle, and is the critical parameter in the formation of scallops. It determines if complete scallops, incomplete scallops or no scallops are going to be formed. The mechanisms of growth for complete and incomplete scallops were identified. The effect of velocity, temperature and LWC on scallop formation was studied. The possibility that cross flow instability may be the physical mechanism that triggers the growth of roughness elements into glaze ice feathers is examined.
Coupling of Prostate and Thyroid Cancer Diagnoses in the United States

Prostate and thyroid cancers represent two of the most overdiagnosed tumors in the US. Hypothesizing that patients diagnosed with one of these malignancies were more likely to be diagnosed with the other, we examined the coupling of diagnoses of prostate and thyroid cancer in a large US administrative dataset. The surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database was used to identify men diagnosed with clinically localized prostate cancer (CaP) or thyroid cancer between 1995 and 2010. SEER*stat software was used to estimate multivariable-adjusted standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and investigate the rates of subsequent malignancy diagnosis. Additional non-urologic cancer sites were added as control groups. Patients with thyroid cancer were much more likely to be diagnosed with CaP than patients in the SEER control group (SIR 1.28 [95 % CI 1.1–1.5]; p < 0.05). Similarly, the observed incidence of thyroid cancer was significantly higher in patients with CaP when compared with SEER controls (SIR 1.30 [95 % CI 1.2–1.4]; p < 0.05). When stratified by follow-up interval, the observed thyroid cancer diagnosis rate among men with CaP was significantly higher than expected at 2–11 (SIR 1.83 [95 % CI 1.4–2.4]), 12–59 (SIR 1.24 [95 % CI 1.0–1.5]), and 60–119 (SIR 1.25 [95 % CI 1.0–1.5]) months of follow-up. There was no increased risk of CaP or thyroid cancer diagnosis among patients with non-urologic malignancies. There is a significant association of diagnoses with prostate and thyroid cancer in the US. In the absence of a known biological link between these tumors, these data suggest that diagnosis patterns for prostate and thyroid malignancies are linked.
Adenosquamous carcinoma of the oral cavity: An unusual epithelial malignancy. A report of two cases and review of literature ☆

Abstract Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is a rare and somewhat controversial variant of squamous cell carcinoma. The WHO classification of tumors of the head and neck in 2005 defined this entity as “a malignant tumor with histological features of both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.” ASC is associated with an aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. A thorough search of the literature yielded 35 oral cases predominantly affecting middle aged to elderly males. We aim to add two cases of ASC arising in the oral mucosa. Both cases demonstrated the glandular malignant neoplasm in the deeper aspects of the specimen and squamous carcinoma toward the superficial aspects. Both patients were treated with combined surgery and/or chemoradiotherapy; however, one of the patients died of disease after multiple recurrences. In addition, we review and discuss the published cases of ASC in the literature with special emphasis on the diagnosis, treatment and prognostic pattern. It is imperative that ASC be distinguished from routine adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas including the variants due to its recurrence potential and poorer outcome. Further reporting and longitudinal studies may be beneficial in understanding this disease and its long term impact in improving patient morbidity and mortality.