cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Far Ultraviolet Spectra of υ Cyg and µ Cen

The spectra of the ‘pole-on’ Be stars υ Cyg and μ Cen have been observed in the region λλ 1000–1450 A with the Princeton Ultraviolet Spectrometer on board the Copernicus satellite. The data include scans of intermediate resolution (0.2 A) with U2 and high resolution scans (0.05 A) of selected suspected shell lines with U 1. The spectra of υ Cyg and μ Cen are compared with a complete intermediate resolution Copernicus scan of the equator-on Be star Φ Per. The ultraviolet spectra of υ Cyg and μ Cen appear to be identical to those observed in non-Be stars of comparable ground-based spectral type. Neither emission nor shell features are observed. However, numerous strong shell features are seen in Φ Per. An upper limit on the column density of hydrogen in our line of sight is computed for υ Cyg from the observed strength of a weak feature at λ 1130.4 A identified as an Fe in shell line. Estimates for the dimensions of the circumstellar envelope are then obtained. Some implications of the strengths of the Fe 111 shell lines at λ 1130 A observed in υ Cyg, μ Cen, Φ Per, and other Be stars are discussed.
Developmental Expression of Heat Shock Proteins in Higher Plants

We are interested in determining the functions of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in higher plants. The most abundant HSPs produced by plants are a complex group of low molecular weight (LMW) proteins (15–30 kDa) which have significant homology to LMW HSPs in other eukaryotes (Gurleyet al., 1985; Nagaoet al., 1985; Nagaoet al., 1986. In contrast to other eukaryotes which synthesize very few LMW HSPs, plants produce 10–30 LMW HSPs. We would like to know not only how these HSPs function during stress, but also whether these proteins play a role in normal plant growth and development.
Teaching Ourselves and Our Students to Embrace Challenge: A Review of Mindset: The New Psychology of Success

This article discusses how Carol Dweck's research in developmental psychology can be used to teach our students to approach feedback and roadblocks as exciting opportunities for growth rather than as pronouncements about their innate intellectual abilities. Dweck's extensive research links a growth-oriented mindset as critical to academic and career success and confirms that the mindset is teachable.
Ultra-processed food consumption and exposure to phthalates and bisphenols in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2014.

Abstract Background Ultra-processed food has low nutritional quality, is associated with development of chronic diseases, and may increase exposure to chemicals used in food packaging and production. Objectives To assess associations of ultra-processed food consumption with exposure to phthalates and bisphenols, including newer replacements, in the general U.S. population. Methods Among 2212 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2014 participants (≥6 years), we classified items reported in a 24-h dietary recall according to the NOVA food processing classification system and calculated energy intake from ultra-processed food. Urinary concentrations of mono-benzyl (MBzP), mono-(3-carboxypropyl) (MCPP), mono-(carboxyisononyl) (MCNP), mono-(carboxyisoctyl) (MCOP), and four metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) (∑DEHP) phthalates and bisphenols A, F, and S were measured in spot urine samples. We estimated percent changes in natural log creatinine-standardized concentrations per 10% higher energy from ultra-processed food in covariate-adjusted multivariable linear regression models. We examined effect measure modification by age group, race/ethnicity, and poverty:income ratio and assessed associations with minimally processed food intake. Results In adjusted models, higher energy from ultra-processed food was associated with higher urinary concentrations of MCPP, MCNP, and MCOP but not MBzP, ∑DEHP, or bisphenols. Each 10% higher energy from ultra-processed food was associated with 8.0% (95% CI: 5.6%, 10.3%) higher urinary MCOP concentrations, with a stronger association among children than adolescents or adults. Ultra-processed sandwiches/hamburgers, French fries/other potato products, and ice cream/pops were associated with higher concentrations of multiple chemicals. Higher energy from minimally processed food was associated with lower concentrations of MCPP, MCNP, MCOP, and bisphenols A and F. Discussion Ultra-processed food consumption may increase exposure to currently used phthalates. Additional research is needed to determine whether minimally processed food diets or changes in food production practices can reduce phthalate and bisphenol exposures and related health effects, particularly among children who are more vulnerable to toxicants and tend to consume more ultra-processed food than adults.
The protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP1 is downregulated with disease progression in Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and effect not mediated by DNA methylation

4436 CML is molecularly defined by the presence of the BCR-ABL oncoprotein. This protein has unregulated protein tyrosine kinase activity that results in uncontrolled proliferation by altering main signal transduction networks that regulate proliferation and apoptosis. Clinically, CML is divided into three different phases: initial phase known as chronic (CP), that is followed by an accelerated phase (AP), and a final fatal phase known as blastic (BP). SHP1 (also known as PTPN6, HCP, SH-PTP1) is a SH2 containing non-receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase that modulates multiple signal transduction cascades, and has been shown to negatively regulate BCR-ABL kinase activity. Here, we studied the levels of SHP1 in patients with CML in different phases of the disease. Thirty patients (10 with CP, 10 with AP, and 10 with BP) were studied. As controls, we studied 6 bone marrows from healthy volunteers, 3 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and 11 leukemia derived cell lines. The levels of SHP1, GAPDH, and c-ABL were studied using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Mean value, standard deviation (SD) and two sided p values are presented on table. Overall, the values of SHP1 were significantly higher in patients with CP than in those with AP, BP, cell lines, and normal healthy volunteers. To study the mechanisms of gene silencing, we then analyzed the frequency of SHP1 DNA methylation in cell lines and clinical samples. Methylation of a cluster of CpG sites near the proximal SHP1 promoter has been recently shown to occur in leukemias, including CML (Oka et al. Cancer Res 2002;62:6390-6394). SHP1 methylation was analyzed using the combined bisulfite restriction assay (COBRA). Nine out of 11 cell lines including K562 were methylated (range 11% to 47%), but, interestingly, in the imatinib resistant cell line K562R was not methylated. Subsequently, SHP1 methylation was analyzed in 106 patients: 78 with CP Ph + CML, 4 AP Ph+ CML, 4 BP Ph+ CML, 9 Ph negative CML, 9 ALL, 2 acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and 1 normal. SHP1 methylation using COBRA was found in 5 (6%) pts with CP CML, 1 AP, 1 BP, and in 0 pts with Ph negative CML, AML, or ALL. These data indicates that, in contrast to cell line data, SHP1 methylation is an infrequent event. In summary, SHP1 levels are low in healthy volunteers and that they are up-regulated in patients with chronic phase disease and decrease as CML transitions into the accelerated and blastic phases. This implies that escape into accelerated phase is partially mediated by SHP1 an effect not mediated by aberrant DNA methylation in clinical samples.
Laparoscopic-Assisted Hysteroscopic Resection of Cesarean Scar Ectopic

Video Objective In this video, we attempted to mitigate the risk of hemorrhage during a hysteroscopic resection of a cesarean scar ectopic through temporary laparoscopic ligation of the uterine pedicles and utero-ovarian arteries. Setting The patient is a 28 y/o G4P2011 at 5 weeks gestation with history of a prior cesarean delivery who presented to the emergency department with vaginal bleeding. Transvaginal ultrasound findings showed an empty endometrial canal, however, a gestational sac and yolk sac were seen implanted within the myometrium at the lower uterine segment. These findings were consistent with a cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy, for which the patient received combined medical and surgical management. Interventions Diagnostic and operative laparoscopy were performed to obtain temporary occlusion of the uterine and utero-ovarian arteries, followed by operative hysteroscopy to resect the cesarean scar pregnancy tissue. Conclusion Temporary occlusion of the uterine and utero-ovarian arteries seems to be an effective and safe technique in reducing blood loss and should be strongly considered prior to operative management of cesarean scar pregnancies.
All-hazards dataset mined from the US National Incident Management System 1999–2014

This paper describes a new dataset mined from the public archive (1999–2014) of the U.S. National Incident Management System/Incident Command System Incident Status Summary Form (a total of 124,411 reports for 25,083 incidents, including 24,608 wildfires). This system captures detailed information on incident management costs, personnel, hazard characteristics, values at risk, fatalities, and structural damage. Most (98.5%) of the reports are fire-related, followed in decreasing order by other, hurricane, hazardous materials, flood, tornado, search and rescue, civil unrest, and winter storms. The archive, although publicly available, has been difficult to use due to multiple record formats, inconsistent free-form fields, and no bridge between individual reports and high-level incident analysis. Here, we describe this improved dataset and the open, reproducible methods used, including merging records across three versions of the system, cleaning and aligning with the current system, smoothing values across reports, and supporting incident-level analysis. This integrated record offers the opportunity to explore the daily progression of the most costly, damaging, and deadly events in the U.S., particularly for wildfires. Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.11663076
Bone marrow time-activity curves of [68Ga]-tilmanocept exhibit molar dose-dependency

1421 Objectives To determine if Ga-68-labeled tilmanocept (DTPA-mannosyl-dextran), which has a sub-nanomolar affinity for CD206 (a receptor on macrophage surfaces), exhibits molar dose-dependent uptake by bone marrow on dynamic and whole body PET. Kinetic sensitivity to molar dose implies receptor-mediated uptake. Methods Eight pigs (11.5 - 16.5 kg) were positioned for dynamic imaging of the pelvis and proximal tibias on a PET/CT. A low (0.045 umol, n=4) or a high (1.5 umol, n=4) molar dose of Ga-68-labeled tilmanocept (0.73 - 1.2 mCi) was injected into to an ear vein and dynamic imaging (15 min, 0.5 min/fr) was immediately started followed by a 5-bed whole body scan (3 min/bed). Time-SUV curves of the proximal tibia were used to calculate the time required to reach 90% of the peak SUV value (T90). The maximum SUVs (SUVmax) for various tissues were calculated from the whole body scan. Results Radiolabeling was complete within 15 min with a radiolabeling yield in excess of 98% and stable for at least 2 hrs. The dynamic images showed, the mean T90 of 1.52 ± 0.19 min for the high molar group, which was significantly (P=0.0096) higher than the T90 for the low dose group (1.10 ± 0.13 min). The whole body image showed mean SUVmaxes of 1.43 ± 0.31, 1.47 ± 0.26, 1.36 ± 0.44, 0.15 ± 0.10, 17.9 ± 2.1 and 0.62 ± 0.32 for the tibia, femur, lumbar vertebrae, muscle, liver and lung, respectively the low molar group, For the high molar group, the mean SUVmaxs were higher at 2.32 ± 0.80, 2.04 ± 0.62, 1.77 ± 0.74, 0.30 ± 0.14, 12.4 ± 4.1 and 1.01 ± 0.37 for tibia, femur, lumbar vertebrae, muscle, liver, and lung, respectively, but not statistically significant different (P=0.1352-0.3949). Conclusions Ga-68-labeled tilmanocept exhibited molar dose-dependent pharmacokinetics in bone marrow and is more apparent using the T90 from the kinetic data as compared to SUV measurements on static imaging.
Increased Levels of Renal Lysophosphatidic Acid in Rodent Models with Renal Disease.

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid mediator that has been implicated in the pathophysiology of kidney disease. However, few studies have attempted to measure changes in the levels of various LPA species in the kidney following the development of renal disease. The present study measured the renal LPA levels during the development of kidney disease in rat models of hypertension, diabetes, and obstructive nephropathy, using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). LPA levels (sum of 16:0, 18:0, 18:1, 18:2, and 20:4 LPA) were higher in the renal cortex of hypertensive Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl S) rats fed a high salt diet than in normotensive rats fed a low salt diet (296.6 {plus minus} 22.9 versus 196.3 {plus minus} 8.5 nmol/g protein). LPA levels were elevated in the outer medulla of the kidney of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic Dahl S rats compared with control rats (624.6 {plus minus} 129.5 versus 318.8 {plus minus} 17.1 nmol/g protein). LPA levels were also higher in the renal cortex of 18-month-old, type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) rats with more severe renal injury than in 6-month-old T2DN rats (184.9 {plus minus} 20.9 versus 116.9 {plus minus} 6.0 nmol/g protein). LPA levels also paralleled the progression of renal fibrosis in the renal cortex of SD rats following unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Administration of a LPA receptor antagonist, Ki16425, reduced the degree of renal fibrosis in UUO rats. These results suggest that the production of renal LPA increases during the development of renal injury and contribute to renal fibrosis. Significance Statement The present study reveals that the LPA levels increase in the kidney in rat models of hypertension, diabetes, and obstructive nephropathy and administration of a LPA receptor antagonist attenuates renal fibrosis. Therapeutic approaches that target the formation or actions of renal LPA might be renoprotective and have therapeutic potential.
The effect of overexpression of Lrp5 on orthodontic tooth movement.

Objective To analyse the effect of gain-of-function mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (Lrp5) on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Setting and sample population A split-mouth study design was utilized. Thirty-two male Lrp5-high bone mass (HBM) knock-in mice including A214V and G171V mutants (n = 16/group) and sixteen C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice were included in the study. Materials and methods A mouse model of OTM was used for mesial movement of the maxillary first molar using a closed-coil nickel titanium (NiTi) spring attached between the molar and the incisors. After 21 days, the dissected maxillae were scanned for micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analyses and embedded in methyl methacrylate and paraffin for histological staining and imaging. Histological analyses included immunohistochemistry for sclerostin (Sost), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining for osteoclasts and fluorescent imaging. Results OTM in the A214V and G171V groups was significantly less than the WT group. Bone volume (BV), per cent bone volume (BV/TV) and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) were significantly increased in both A241V and G171V animals compared to the WT animals. On the compression side, decreased osteoclast activity was seen in both A214V and G171V groups compared to the WT group. Fluorescent labelling demonstrated that the pattern of bone deposition in the A214V animals was periosteal whereas the G171V animals added bone endocortically. Conclusion Gain-of-function mutations of Lrp5 decrease orthodontic tooth movement by increasing alveolar bone mass and reducing osteoclast-mediated bone resorption.
Recent Advances in the Analysis, Measurement, and Properties of Composite Metal Foams

Composite metal foam (CMF) is a novel lightweight metal matrix composite material with lightweight, high strength to density ratio and high energy absorption capabilities. The material can be made out of many different metals, alloys, and combinations, e.g. aluminum, steel, titanium, etc. For example, it can be made 100% out of steel, but, due to its porosities, it will weigh as light as aluminum. CMF is made of closely packed metallic hollow spheres with a metallic matrix that fills the empty spaces in between spheres. In every combination of the spheres and matrix materials, the final product weight will be ~30–35% of the weight of the parent material; the rest would be the air trapped inside its porosities. In this study, a scaled-down version of the torch fire experiments specified in 49 Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) Part 179, Appendix B was developed to provide initial data on evaluating the thermal protection performance of steel-steel composite metal foam (S-S CMF) in the torch fire conditions. S-S CMF panels of 30 × 30 cm dimensions are manufactured and tested to evaluate their survivability when exposed to a 30-minute torch fire condition of high velocity jet fire with a gas temperature of 1204°C in accordance with 49 CFR Part 179. Testing was performed to characterize the jet burner gas temperature and velocity flow field, and a calibration fire test was conducted using steel only as required by the test specification. The assembly was tested in duplicate in two consecutive simulated torch fire exposures as specified in 49 CFR Part 179, Appendix B. Based on the experimental results, a 15 mm thick steel-steel composite metal foam tested as novel insulation system met the acceptance criteria for the simulated torch fire testing and is expected to pass when tested at a full size of 122 × 122 cm dimensions. The main factor for fire resistance and thermal protection performance of S-S CMF is attributed to the large air content in the material.
Logic and science: science and logic

According to Ole Hjortland, Timothy Williamson, Graham Priest, and others, anti-exceptionalism about logic is the view that logic “isn’t special”, but is continuous with the sciences. Logic is revisable, and its truths are neither analytic nor a priori. And logical theories are revised on the same grounds as scientific theories are. What isn’t special, we argue, is anti-exceptionalism about logic. Anti-exceptionalists disagree with one another regarding what logic and, indeed, anti-exceptionalism are, and they are at odds with naturalist philosophers of logic, who may have seemed like natural allies. Moreover, those internal battles concern well-trodden philosophical issues, and there is no hint as to how they are to be resolved on broadly scientific grounds. We close by looking at three of the founders of logic who may have seemed like obvious enemies of anti-exceptionalism—Aristotle, Frege, and Carnap—and conclude that none of their positions is clearly at odds with at least some of the main themes of anti-exceptionalism. We submit that, at least at present, anti-exceptionalism is too vague or underspecified to characterize a coherent conception of logic, one that stands opposed to more traditional approaches.
PPE Training and the Effectiveness of Universal Masking in Preventing Exposures: The Importance of the Relationship Between Anesthesia and Infection Prevention.

Early in the pandemic, infection prevention (IP), in collaboration with our local anesthesia leadership, took the approach of ensuring all members of the Anesthesia Department understood the importance of universal masking, were individually trained on the use of the Controlled Air Purifier Respirator, as well the appropriate method for donning/doffing N95 respirators. Multiple providers in the department tested positive for COVID, resulting in the IP Department to conduct the routine contact tracing investigation. During the investigation, it was determined that all persons who met the CDC (Centers for Disease Control & Prevention) contact exposure guidelines would undergo COVID testing, which consequently was 109 team members due to the exposure risk identified in the break room space. IP worked with the Anesthesia Preoperative Clinic to test all team members identified over a 3-day period (approximately 5-7 days postexposure). Out of the 109 team members who were tested postexposure, there were 0 conversions. The department attributes this to the consistency in personal protective equipment training, support and collaboration between anesthesia and IP which led to successful care for COVID patients with a limited provider infection rate.
Statistical Comparisons Of Chromosomal Shape Populations

This paper develops statistical tools for testing differences in shapes of chromosomes resulting from certain gene knockouts (KO), specifically RIF1 gene KO (RKO) and the cohesin subunit RAD21 gene KO (CKO). It utilizes a two-sample test for comparing shapes of KO chromosomes with wild type (WT) at two levels: (1) Coarse shape analysis, where one compares shapes of full or large parts of chromosomes, and (2) Fine shape analysis, where chromosomes are first segmented into (TAD-based) pieces and then the corresponding pieces are compared across populations. The shape comparisons – coarse and fine – are based on an elastic shape metric for comparing shapes of 3D curves. The experiments show that the KO populations, RKO and CKO, have statistically significant differences from WT at both coarse and fine levels. Furthermore, this framework highlights local regions where these differences are most prominent.
Blood Pressure Change After Celery Juice Ingestion in a Hypertensive Elderly Male

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to describe the response to the inclusion of celery juice in the diet of an elderly hypertensive patient with neck pain. Clinical Features A 74-year-old man presented with neck pain and a history of hypertension as diagnosed by his primary care provider. He had attempted different medications for his hypertension, but he reported that they gave him the side effect of chest discomfort. His initial physical examination blood pressure measurement was 150/80 mmHg. Intervention and Outcome Interventions included daily intake of celery juice over 6 months, which was approved by his medical doctor's nurse. For his neck pain, chiropractic grade mobilization to the restricted segments of the cervical spine was given over 14 in-office visits. There were no weight changes, addition of exercise, or other lifestyle changes reported. At the end of his care, his blood pressure measured 118/82 mmHg. Conclusion This elderly patient responded positively to the inclusion of celery juice and chiropractic care after 6 months.
Leading the charge toward a world without depression: perinatal depression can be prevented

This manuscript is based on a keynote address presented at the 2020 Marce Society’s Conference celebrating the Society’s 40th anniversary. The address described a 50-year perspective on prevention research, current evidence that perinatal depression can be prevented, and how digital tools could be used to disseminate perinatal depression prevention interventions throughout the world. We utilized the Mothers and Babies Course as a case study to illustrate these goals. The article reviews the gradual progress of depression prevention research, from the time when the state of the science was such that it was believed that the onset of major depressive episodes could not be prevented until the present day. In addition, the article recounts the three consensus reports on prevention of mental disorders published by the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine, culminating in the 2019 report, which calls on the field to implement known interventions for the prevention of depression and other mental disorders, and to scale up their administration to reduce the prevalence of these disorders in the general population. The paper presents the 2019 recommendations of the US Preventive Services Task Force, which instructs the health system to provide routine referrals to perinatal depression prevention interventions (e.g., the Mothers and Babies Course) to perinatal persons at risk for depression. We now have the knowledge to prevent approximately half of episodes of perinatal depression. It is time to implement this knowledge and begin to do research on how to prevent the remaining half.
Desde el arrianismo a la ortodoxia: el papel de los ritos de iniciación en la unificación del reino visigodo

Baptism played a key role in Visigothic Spain. Jamie Wood has argued that this was the result of attempts by religious and secular authorities to navigate the transition from Arianism to orthodoxy, and to forge a common Spanish identity. This article places Wood in dialogue with Christian McConnell, whose work has reframed our understanding of initiation in Visigothic Spain. This article argues that the blessing of chrism was the central symbol by which Visigothic bishops asserted their authority in order to stabilize the Church and in turn the Visigothic State.
Determinants of minority employment in american municipal police agencies

Abstract This paper attempts to identify and empirically test the important factors broadly assumed to be associated with the noteworthy increase in African American officers in U.S. municipal police agencies. Using data collected on a representative sample of police departments serving populations of 25,000+ residents across the country ( N = 281), a path analysis statistical method was employed in order to assess both the direct and indirect influences of these hypothesized explanatory variables. The primary finding is that the size of the African American population is the predominant contributor to a statistical model accounting for substantial variation in the representation of African American officers in U.S. cities. Other hypothesized factors are far less important than generally believed.
Turbulence in the Wake of a Thin Airfoil at Low Speeds

Experiments have been made to determine the nature of turbulence in the wake of a two-dimensional airfoil at low speeds. The experiments were motivated by the need for data which can be used for analysis of the tail-buffeting problem in aircraft design. Turbulent intensity and power spectra of the velocity fluctuations were measured at a Reynolds number of 1.6 x 10(exp 5) for several angles of attack. Total-head measurements were also obtained in an attempt to relate steady and fluctuating wake properties. Mean-square downwash was found to have nearly the same dependence on vertical position in the wake as that shown by total-head loss. For this particular wing, turbulent intensity, integrated across the wake, increased roughly as the 3/2 power of the drag coefficient. Power-spectrum measurements indicated a decrease in frequency as wing angle of attack was increased. The average frequency in the wake was proportional to the ratio of mean wake velocity to wake width.
Severe Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: Tackling the conundrum of drug resistance

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections are a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Treatment of these infections is complicated by the intrinsic and acquired resistance of this bacterium to many commonly used antimicrobial agents. In this article, Drs Hauser and Sriram argue that careful consideration of the mechanisms by which P. aeruginosa resists the activity of antimicrobial agents is essential for optimal treatment decisions. Although many aspects of treatment of severe P. aeruginosa infections remain controversial, the authors suggest specific treatment options for patients both before and after susceptibilities are known.
Capture-Recapture Methodology†

Capture-recapture methods were initially developed to estimate human population abundance, but since that time have seen widespread use for fish and wildlife populations to estimate and model various parameters of population, metapopulation, and disease dynamics. Repeated sampling of marked animals provides information for estimating abundance and tracking the fate of individuals in the face of imperfect detection. Mark types have evolved from clipping or tagging to use of noninvasive methods such as photography of natural markings and DNA collection from feces. Survival estimation has been emphasized more recently as have transition probabilities between life history states and/or geographical locations, even where some states are unobservable or uncertain. Sophisticated software has been developed to handle highly parameterized models, including environmental and individual covariates, to conduct model selection, and to employ various estimation approaches such as maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches. With these user-friendly tools, complex statistical models for studying population dynamics have been made available to ecologists. The future will include a continuing trend toward integrating data types, both for tagged and untagged individuals, to produce more precise and robust population models. Keywords: abundance; closed population; detection; heterogeneity; marks; models; open population; robust; survival
Heat removal factor for a flat-plate solar collector with a serpentine tube

Abstract The performance of a flat-plate solar collector is investigated. The collector is of the sheet-and tube design and the tube is bonded to the absorbing plate in a serpentine fashion. Equations describing the variation of the fluid temperature in the different segments of the serpentine are derived. These equations are then used to determine the heat removal factor F R for the collector. It is shown that for the general case of an N -bend serpentine, the heat removal factor depends on three non-dimensional groups containing the different operational and design variables of the collector. A generalized chart for estimating F R for collectors with serpentines of arbitrary geometry and number of bends is presented.
New Localities in Ohio for Five Vascular Plant Species

Author Institution: Dept. of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, OH
Distributed constraint satisfaction and optimization with privacy enforcement

Several naturally distributed negotiation/cooperation problems with privacy requirements can be modeled within the distributed constraint satisfaction framework, where the constraints are secrets of the participants. Most of the existing techniques aim at various tradeoffs between complexity and privacy guarantees, while others aim to maximize privacy first, according to Yokoo et al. (2002), Silaghi (2003), Faltings (2003), Liu et al. (2002) and Wallace and Silaghi (2004). In Silaghi (2003) we introduced a first technique allowing agents to solve distributed constraint problems (DisCSPs), without revealing anything and without trusting each other or some server. The technique we propose now is a dm times improvement for m variables of domain size d. On the negative side, the fastest versions of the technique require storing of O(d/sup m/) big integers. From a practical point of view, we improve the privacy with which these problems can be solved, and improve the efficiency with which /spl lfloor/n-1/2/spl rfloor/-privacy can be achieved, while it remains inapplicable for larger problems. The technique of Silaghi (2003) has a simple extension to optimization for distributed weighted CSPs. However, that obvious extension leaks to everybody sensitive information concerning the quality of the computed solution. We found a way to avoid this leak, which constitutes another contribution of This work.
Expanding a humanities digital library: musical references in Cervantes’ works

Digital libraries focused on developing humanities resources for both scholarly and popular audiences face the challenge of bringing together digital resources built by scholars from different disciplines and subsequently integrating and presenting them. This challenge becomes more acute as libraries grow, both in terms of size and organizational complexity, making the traditional humanities practice of intensive, manual annotation and markup infeasible. In this paper we describe an approach we have taken in adding a music collection to the Cervantes Project. We use metadata and the organization of the various documents in the collection to facilitate automatic integration of new documents—establishing connection from existing resources to new documents as well as from the new documents to existing material.
MITOCHONDRIAL MYOPATHY WITH DYSTROPHIC FEATURES DUE TO A NOVEL MUTATION IN THE MTTM GENE

Introduction A 61-year-old woman with a five-year history of progressive muscle weakness and atrophy had a muscle biopsy characterized by a combination of dystrophic features (necrotic fibers and endomysial fibrosis) and mitochondrial alterations [ragged-red cytochrome c oxidase (COX)-negative fibers].
Factors Affecting the Results of Serum Cholesterol Determinations: An Interlaboratory Evaluation

We present results of an interlaboratory survey of cholesterol assays in which methodology, standardization technique, type of standard, reagent source, and control sera used are considered. Each of these factors is evaluated, on both clear and icteric sera, with respect to accuracy, interlaboratory precision, and associated random error. We find that most participants use direct techniques, that these laboratories do not use correction procedures where these are needed, and that not all extractants effectively prevent bilirubin interference. Our data illustrate that precision on clear sera is best by direct procedures, but not in the presence of bilirubin. Participants uniformly exhibit better intralaboratory precision than interlaboratory agreement, regardless of the variable being studied. It is appropriate to consider the interactions of variables if a technique is to be properly evaluated.
Metrication at Water and Power Resources Service

The Water and Power Resources Service, formerly the Bureau of Reclamation, has begun construction of a number of major projects using International System (SI) metric units. Experiences of both contractor and government forces are related. Brief training courses in SI metric units were used, and a metric manual was developed to allay the fears of employees who were reluctant to use SI metric units because of their lack of familiarity. Few problems developed, although suppliers did create a problem due to their reluctance to furnish items in SI metric units. Cost increases due to metrication are included.
Self-Esteem and Racial Identity in Transracial and Inracial Adoptees.

Transracial adoption-, adoption of underlying this practice are: Can a children of one racial background by family from one racial background help families of another racial background, a child from a different racial back has become increasingly controversial ground develop positive self-esteem during the past decade.1 Day estimated and an appropriate racial identity? How in 1979 that over fifteen thousand black do transracial adoptees perceive them children had been placed with white selves? In what ways do the self adoptive families.2 Major questions esteem and racial identity of black chil ~~ ~~ ~~ rll dren raised in white families differ from Ruth G. McRoy, Ph.D., is Assistant that of b,ack chjldren rajsed m b]ack Professor, Louis A. Zurcher, Ph.D., is c ... „ , . , , , , , , Professor, and Michael L.Lauderdale, famlhes Is other the black or the Ph.D., is Associate Professor, School wh,te adoPt,ve settin8 better than the of Social Work, The University of other in this regard? Texas at Austin. Rosalie N. Anderson, Symbolic interaction theory postu M.Ed., is Project Director, Resource lates that a person's self-concept, in Center on Child Abuse and Adoption, eluding self-esteem, arises out of the School of Social Work, The University social experience of interaction with of Texas at Austin. The research on other people. Major influences on the which this article is based was sup development of self-concept include (1) ported by the Children's Bureau Grant ... ,. c . Number 90-CO-1979 to the Region VI communication directly from other Adoption Resource Center at The UniP60^ about the self' ® comparison of versity of Texas at Austin, by the Danself with others in the immediate forth Foundation, and by Black environment, and (3) the role assigned Analysis, Inc. to the individual by the community.3 The social situation of children in both transracial and inracial adoptive set tings is obviously complex. (The term "inracial" refers to situations in which
Carbon CP-MASS NMR and X-ray crystal structure of paramagnetic lanthanide acetates

The X-ray crystal structures of praseodymium(III) acetate monohydrate and europium(III) acetate trihydrate have been solved and cross-polarization carbon-13 NMR spectra obtained in the polycrystalline solids. The static and magic angle spinning spectra are compared with diamagnetic acetate spectra. The shifts in the paramagnetic compounds are large, permitting sample heterogeniety to be readily detected. THE CP-MASS carbon spectra are assigned by using both relaxation times and dipolar interactions as a guide.
2X II 10-Megajoule Ignitron Crowbar

A 10-MJ Ignitron Crowbar Array for the 2X II fusion machine has been installed, and is now in operation. It is designed to handle about three times the energy of the previous array used with the 2X machine, which has been supplanted by the 2X II. In addition, this array is expected to be considerably more reliable than previous designs. Furthermore, the floor utilization of the assembly is considerably improved, access to all components is better, and the overall cost per kilojoule is substantially reduced. Two insulated identical main pulse coils are incorporated in the 2XII machine. Similarly, the crowbar array is split into two equal parts, with each connected permanently across its pulse coil. The crowbar array is expected to handle 10 MJ at 40 kV. However, because of reliability limitations of the capacitor banks above 30 kV, operation above this value is not planned except for possible special tests. With the present coils, the decay time constant of current to I/? of its peak value will be about 7 msec. A mechanical switch, actuated by exploding a copper foil against one electrode, has been built and installed within a foot of the coil terminals. It has not yet been perfected adequately for use, but calculations indicate that it could extend the time constant above 20 msec.
Time-resolved photoluminescence of lithographically defined quantum dots fabricated by electron beam lithography and wet chemical etching

We measure the time-resolved photoluminescence characteristics of a novel type of lithographically patterned quantum dot fabricated by electron beam lithography, wet chemical etching, and overgrowth of the barrier layers by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition.We find that the quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence exhibits a bi-exponential decay that we explain in terms of the fast capture of carriers by defect states followed by a slower radiative relaxation process. We also perform a systematic investigation of the rise time and decay time as a function of the QD density, size, and temperature. These measurements indicate that the carrier capture process in this type of QD is limited by carrier drift within the GaAs barrier material.
Birth and Breastfeeding Dynamics in a Modernizing Indigenous Community

Background:Changes in health care access and birthing practices may pose barriers to optimal breastfeeding in modernizing rural populations.Objectives:We evaluated temporal and maternal age-related...
Microsomal epoxidation of aldrin in lepidopterous larvae.

Abstract Epoxidation of aldrin occurred in microsomal preparations from a number of species of lepidopterous larvae. The epoxidation process required NADPH and oxygen and was inhibited by carbon monoxide and 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2,2-diphenyl-valerate hydrochloride (SKF-525-A). The presence of the hemoprotein P-450 in larval microsomes was determined by difference spectra, and the characteristic peak at 450 run that was produced by the addition of carbon monoxide to the reduced microsomal preparation appears to arise from a substance that is present in the reduced microsomes having an absorbance at 407 nm.
Weak antiferromagnetism of monolayers and multilayers of V on Au films.

Weak localization and the anomalous Hall effect are used to study the magnetic properties of submonolayers, monolayers, and multilayers of vanadium on the surface of Au films. Dilute V atoms possess a strong magnetic moment. For a monolayer the magnetic scattering is reduced by a factor of about 40. This suggests a strongly reduced moment of the V compared with the dilute V coverage. From the anomalous Hall effect we conclude that the magnetic structure is antiferromagnetic. For multilayers the moment per V atom progressively diminishes but is still finite for 16 atomic layers of V.
Alternative planar SOFC sealing concepts

Abstract One of the challenges in manufacturing planar solid oxide fuel cells (pSOFCs) is in hermetically sealing the ceramic and metallic components such that the resulting joint remains rugged and stable over the lifetime of the stack. Traditionally, glass joining or compressive sealing has been used. While short-term success has been achieved with these techniques, it is apparent that to meet the long-term operational needs of stack designers, alternative sealing concepts will need to be conceived. At Pacific Northwest National Laboratory we have been developing two such alternatives, air brazing and bonded compliant sealing, the details of which are outlined here.
Colloidal Processing for Improved Piezoelectric Properties of Flexible 0–3 Ceramic–Polymer Composites

Ceramic-polymer composites with 0–3 connectivity were prepared from (Pb0.5, Bi0.5) (Ti0.5, (Fe1-xMnx)0.5)O3 (x= 0.00 to 0.02) ceramic powder and epoxy polymer. Epoxy was dissolved in a methanol solution and the ceramic powder was added to form a suspension. Powder-polymer coacervates were precipitated from the suspension by the addition of water. Colloidal filtration followed by cold-pressing consolidated the coacervates to form composites with uniform microstructure. Composites fabricated in this manner could be poled with higher electric fields than could be sustained by the conventionally prepared composites. The values of piezoelectric coefficients, d33, dh, and gh were as high as 65, 41 pC/N, and 145 mV · m/N, respectively.
Synthesis in vitro of infectious RNA copies of the virulent satellite of turnip crinkle virus.

RNA copies, synthesized in vitro, of the virulent satellite (RNA C) of turnip crinkle virus (TCV) infect plants when coinoculated with helper virus RNA. RNA C is a small linear RNA of about 355 bases which intensifies TCV symptoms in infected plants. Full-length cDNA copies of the satellite were inserted in an expression vector (for RNA synthesis in vitro) in such a way that RNA synthesized in vitro had the same 5′-end as the native satellite. Plus-strand RNA copies of the satellite in near-monomer and multimer form infected plants, while minus-strand RNA copies and DNA copies of the satellite RNA did not do so under the conditions tested. When plants were inoculated with RNAs synthesized in vitro from two independently cloned satellite cDNAs with base sequence and length differences, the products of infection corresponded in sequence to the different cRNAs used in the inocula. Satellite RNAs synthesized in vitro from either cDNA produced the same symptoms as the native satellite RNA.
Luminescent CdSe Quantum Dot Doped Stabilized Micelles

A general method was developed to prepare siloxane surfactant C16H33−N+(Me)2−CH2CH2CH2−Si(OMe)3 Cl- micelles doped with highly luminescent lipophilic semiconductor CdSe quantum dots (QDs). Encapsulated green emission CdSe QDs with an emission maximum at 525 nm and red emission QDs with an emission maximum at 650 nm show absorption and emission spectra similar to free CdSe QDs capped by trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO). Transmission electron microscopy images reveal that the luminescent micelles range from 50 nm to 130 nm in diameter. Each micelle contains over 100 QDs, which significantly increases the emission signal of the composite nanostructure compared to individual QDs. This signal increase enables quantitative luminescence measurements of the QDs using conventional fluorescence microscopes and nonintensified CCD imaging systems, thus making the QD-doped micelles valuable tools in cellular imaging applications. Hydrolysis of the organosilane headgroup of the surfactant forms a silica layer on the surf...
EFFECT OF SURFACE SHEAR ON BUCKLING OF CYLINDRICAL SHELLS

Surface shear effect on buckling of cylindrical shells, noting similarity of equations derived from thermoelastic problems of thin cylindrical shells
A differential approach to U.S. import demand

Abstract We apply the differential production theory approach to U.S. import data (1921-70) without imposing restrictions on Divisia elasticities. The estimates of these elasticities are 0.58 for the imports of foods, 0.95 for those of crude materials, 1.34 for semi-manufactures, and 1.16 for finished manufactures.
The Value of Queueing Theory--A Rejoinder

Professor Jack Byrd, in his article entitled “The Value of Queueing Theory,” expresses his belief that queueing theory has little value to the OR/MS professional. By the illustrations he has provided, it is a convincing case. It is as convincing as the case built by a prosecutor before the defense presents its side of the case. The prosecutor is supposed to present a one sided case. But an academician is supposed to look at all sides and work with a broader horizon. In this case, I submit, the problem is not with queueing theory, but with the vision used in making a case against it. An example is the assumption that the problems given as illustrations in the article are representative of situations where queueing theory is applicable.
Development of an ATCA based data acquisition system for high speed, direct detection X-ray pixel sensors

Large format X-ray pixel sensors operating at frame rates higher than 100 frames per second have driven the need to develop data acquisition systems capable of handling large volumes of acquired data using ultra-fast communication links operating at 10 Gigabit/s rates. The new generation 1 Megapixel X-Ray cameras currently being developed at LBNL, operating at readout speeds of up to 200 frames per second, are capable of producing greater than 400 Megabytes of image data per second. Because these sensors are used in continuous source applications with long acquisition periods (e.g., at synchrotron radiation light sources), the acquired data must be reliably processed and stored in real-time to minimize exposure dead time or data loss that could compromise the integrity of the data and thus limit the scientific reach of the experiment. This work describes the development and performance of an Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA) based data acquisition system used for high speed, direct detection X-ray pixel sensors, focusing on the technical challenges and solutions of moving large data volumes through digital signal processing algorithms and to storage arrays in real-time.
PHYSICIAN PREVENTABLE NEONATAL PULMONARY DISEASE IN NEW HAMPSHIRE - 1976

Physician preventable neonatal pulmonary disease was reviewed in all 250 infants admitted to the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center in calendar year 1976. Data were obtained from the delivering hospital's perinatal records, the neonatal course, and a monthly transport conference case review. All cases of Respiratory Distress Syndrome or Meconium Aspiration Syndrome were screened for inadequate fetal maturity or gestational age evaluation prior to delivery. Clinical, x-ray, and laboratory findings were used for diagnosis. All cases this year were transported, not inborn. Cost analysis comparing neonatal intensive care expense versus projected fetal maturity study expense for all New Hampshire pregnancies at risk supports performing the studies. The conclusion that approximately 10% of tertiary neonatal intensive care admissions in New Hampshire can be eliminated through adequate fetal gestational age evaluation is being presented to the New Hampshire Medical Society upon request.