cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
PS-346 Improving The Standard Of Invasive Procedures In Paediatrics - A Teaching Intervention To Align Current Practice To British Psychological Society Guidelines

Background/aims Invasive procedures (eg intravenous cannulation) remain a leading cause of distress in children. They are performed daily yet rarely taught formally, leading to variation in practice. The British Psychological Society (BPS) created guidelines in 2010, although these have yet to be implemented in a formal teaching programme. Our teaching intervention aimed to align practice to BPS guidelines and improve professional confidence. Methods Teaching sessions were delivered to professionals involved in cannulation at two South London hospitals by a senior play specialist and a paediatrician. Sessions covered assessment, preparation, teamwork, implementation and post-procedural care. A poster containing a flowchart was used for teaching and departmental reference. Results Thirteen professionals involved in cannulation (9 medical, 4 nursing) reported their previous teaching experiences. 5 reported never receiving training in paediatric invasive procedures, 6 informal teaching and only 2 receiving formal teaching (1 medical, 1 nursing). Pre-intervention confidence was 5.7/10 (n = 13) [range 0–8]. This improved to 7.3/10 [range 4–9] post intervention. The intervention usefulness was rated 8.3/10 (n = 12, range 5–10]. When self-reporting practical considerations for cannulation, 8/12 mentioned local anaesthetic creams but only 6/12 mentioned using distraction or a play specialist. Conclusions This intervention aimed to address the lack of formal teaching available in Paediatric invasive procedures. It highlighted areas of BPS guidance that remain underappreciated despite their greater efficacy (eg the importance of distraction vs anaesthetic cream). Initial levels of confidence showed improvement post-intervention. We recommend this teaching intervention to be used regularly throughout Paediatric departments and undergraduate medical programmes.
Arcwise Connectedness and the Persistance of Errors

(1984). Arcwise Connectedness and the Persistance of Errors. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 91, No. 7, pp. 431-433.
Analysis of hygienic detection in public places in Urumqi City,2011

Objectives To understand major hygiene problems in public places in Urumqi City,so as to improve hygienic quality in public places.Methods According to Technological Specification for Hygiene Monitoring in Public Place,204 public places in Urumqi were detected.Results The lowest qualified rate of air hygiene quality of different public places was shopping centers(77.83%),followed by restaurants(80.28%) and hotels(82.60%).Unqualified projects concentrated on the temperature,relative humidity,noise and formaldehyde mainly.Qualified rate of total bacterial number on articles from guest room was 94.95%,with qualifled rate of E.coli of 98.39%and qualified rate of Staphylococcus aureus of 95.64%. Qualified rate of total bacterial number on haircut and cosmetology tools was 70.77%,with qualified rate of E.coli of 92.63% and qualified rate of Staphylococcus aureus of 100.00%.Conclusions There are problems of hygienic quality in public places in Urumqi.More attention should be paid and corresponding control measures should be taken.
Congenital midline sinus of the upper lip

A congenital lip sinus is a rare condition that has been reported to occur in both the upper and lower lips, either in isolation or in association with congenital deformities such as a cleft lip and palate in Van der Woude syndrome. The prevalence of lower lip sinuses has been estimated to be about 0.00001% of the white population. Upper lip sinuses are even more uncommon. To date, there have been several case reports of upper lip sinuses and fistulas, but no similar cases have been described in Singapore. We herein report a case of congenital upper lip sinus presenting as a recurring upper lip abscess and review the current literature on this condition.
Everyday Moral Economies: Food, Politics, and Scale in Cuba

Everyday Moral Economies examines everyday food provisioning practices in Cuba, focusing on the spatio-temporal dimensions of values (material and social) to understand how ordinary Cubans articula...
Abstract 520: The role of the calpain pathway in early response and acquired resistance to radiation in glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive, malignant brain tumor that is highly heterogeneous and often develops resistance to conventional chemotherapy and radiation treatments. The median survival time of GBM patients is 12-15 months despite aggressive treatment modalities, and there is an urgent need for the development of novel treatment strategies. The goal of this study is to identify novel mechanisms of radioresistance in GBM through mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomic profiling, with the objective that more effective therapies can be rationally developed in the future. We and others have previously reported that GBMs are characterized by deregulated signaling pathways that control critical cellular processes including survival, migration, and proliferation. Very little is known about acquired resistance mechanisms to radiation, specifically how radiation alters protein phosphorylation patterns in tumors on a global level, or how radiation-induced changes in protein phosphorylation contribute to treatment resistance. In order to identify radiation-induced changes in protein phosphorylation, we performed phosphoproteomic profiling of 6 GBM cell lines and 1 normal human astrocyte cell line both before and after radiation treatment in 3 independent experiments. Specifically, cells were collected before treatment and at 2 time-points following a 10 Gy radiation treatment. Following protein isolation and phosphopeptide enrichment, global phosphoproteomic analysis was performed by mass spectrometry. Relative quantitation and statistical analysis were performed to determine fold changes in phosphorylation at both post-radiation time-points. An average of 3,971 phosphopeptides mapping to 1,649 phosphoproteins were quantified for each independent experiment, and a total of 621 phosphoproteins were quantified across all 3 datasets. We identified a major component of the calpain signaling pathway that consistently shows an increase in phosphorylation following radiation treatment in GBM cell lines. The post-radiation increase in phosphorylation was confirmed in 2 independent experiments and observed across all 6 GBM cell lines. This is the first study linking the calpain signaling pathway to radiation response in GBM. Mechanistic studies using phosphomimetic and nonphosphorylatable mutants of the protein of interest will determine the effect of phosphorylation on calpain activity and radiation resistance. Results of this work will contribute to our understanding of how GBM tumors become resistant to radiation therapy, and may identify a novel target to overcome radiation resistance in GBM. Citation Format: Emily A. Bassett, Arnab Chakravarti. The role of the calpain pathway in early response and acquired resistance to radiation in glioblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 520.
Harmonic capabilities of the Nova Laser Fusion Facility

The Nova Laser Fusion Research Facility recently constructed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory can provide researchers with powerful laser beams at 1.05, 5.53, and 0.35 μm for the study of inertial confinement fusion (ICF), laser plasma interactions, and other high-energy density phenomena of interest to the scientific arid defense communities. The Nove laser system uses Nd:phosphate glass as the active material and master oscillator power amplifier architecture with ten parallel large-diameter (74-cm) beams.
Synthesis and evaluation of C9 alkoxy analogues of (-)-stepholidine as dopamine receptor ligands.

Tetrahydroprotoberberine alkaloids have shown interesting polypharmacological actions at dopamine receptors and are a unique template from which to mine novel molecules with dual selective actions at D1 and D3 receptors. Such compounds will be valuable to evaluate as anti-cocaine therapeutics. Towards that eventual goal, we engaged an SAR study in which a series of C9 alkoxy analogues of the D1/D2/D3 ligand (-)-stepholidine that possessed or lacked a C12 bromo functionality, were synthesized and evaluated for affinity at dopamine D1, D2 and D3 receptors. We found that the analogues are generally selective for the D1 receptor. Small n-alkoxy substituents (up to 4 carbons in length) were generally well tolerated for high D1 affinity but such groups reduced D3 affinity. In the case of C12 brominated analogues, C9 alkoxylation also had little effect on D1 affinity for the smaller alkoxy groups, but reduced D2 and D3 affinities significantly. C12 bromination tends to increase D1 receptor selectivity. A number of compounds were identified that retain affinity for D1 and D3 receptors but lack D2 receptor affinity. Among them, compound 22a was found to be a selective D1/D3 dual antagonist (Ki = 5.3 and 106 nM at D1 and D3 receptors). Docking studies performed on the analogues at the D3 receptor revealed a number of interactions that are important for affinity including a critical N - Asp110 salt bridge motif, H-bonds to Ser192 and Cys181 and hydrophobic interactions between the aryl rings and Phe106 and Phe345. The analogues adopt an orientation in which ring A is located in the orthosteric binding site while the C9 alkoxy substituents attached to ring D project into the secondary binding pocket of the D3 receptor.
SHANK3 Deficiency Impairs Heat Hyperalgesia and TRPV1 Signaling in Primary Sensory Neurons

Abnormal pain sensitivity is commonly associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and affects the life quality of ASD individuals. SHANK3 deficiency was implicated in ASD and pain dysregulation. Here, we report functional expression of SHANK3 in mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons and spinal cord presynaptic terminals. Homozygous and heterozygous Shank3 complete knockout (Δe4-22) results in impaired heat hyperalgesia in inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Specific deletion of Shank3 in Nav1.8-expressing sensory neurons also impairs heat hyperalgesia in homozygous and heterozygous mice. SHANK3 interacts with transient receptor potential subtype V1 (TRPV1) via Proline-rich region and regulates TRPV1 surface expression. Furthermore, capsaicin-induced spontaneous pain, inward currents in DRG neurons, and synaptic currents in spinal cord neurons are all reduced after Shank3 haploinsufficiency. Finally, partial knockdown of SHANK3 expression in human DRG neurons abrogates TRPV1 function. Our findings reveal a peripheral mechanism of SHANK3, which may underlie pain deficits in SHANK3-related ASDs.
How First-Generation College Students Adjust to College:

This study explored the perceived barriers and supports related to college adjustment for first-generation college students at a large public university in the southeastern United States. Using soc...
Initial Preoperative Management of Geriatric Hip Fractures

Hip fractures are a common emergency among the geriatric population and often requires immediate hospitalization for proper assessment. More than 90% of the time, hip fractures are suffered by individuals older than 65 and are usually precipitated predominantly by falls. Current studies show that the average individual over 65 years falls at least once a year, and roughly 1 out of every 4 of these individuals succumb to their injuries just 12 months following surgical treatment. Moreover, timely treatment and management of these hip fractures have shown to decrease mortality by reducing cardiopulmonary and venous thromboembolic complications that often accompany hip surgeries. As a result, an emphasis on initial preoperative assessment is important to help identify the presence of ancillary factors such as preexisting comorbidities, which can impact the course of treatment. Delaying surgical management of hip fractures has been linked to decreased functional outcomes and increased mortality rates. Time, rather than technique, appears to be a recurring factor that can impact the long-term survival of these patients. The initial preoperative assessment, therefore, presents a window of opportunity where possible interventions can be made in an effort to reduce the delay of surgery, minimize postsurgical complications, and ultimately improve mortality rate among patients with hip fracture.
Walchian conifers from the Mid-Late Pennsylvanian Conemaugh Group in the Appalachian Basin: Stratigraphic and depositional context, and paleoclimatic significance

Abstract Walchian conifers are indicators of seasonally dry habitats of the Euramerican subtropics and tropics and are of considerable value in tracking both short term and long term Pennsylvanian-Permian paleoclimatic changes in central Pangea. Walchian conifer macrofossils first appeared in North America during the Middle Pennsylvanian, but are rare in central Pangean coal basins until the Permian. An abrupt climate change occurred near the Desmoinesian-Missourian boundary that was characterized by global warming, stronger seasonality, and shorter wet phases. This change coincided with the regional extinction of most tree lycopsids and the appearance of widespread, high chroma, calcic vertisols and aridisols. Only four occurrences of Walchia have been reported from the Pennsylvanian of the Appalachian Basin: 1) 7-11 Mine of eastern Ohio, 2) Rennersville in southwest Pennsylvania, and 3) Charleston and 4) Cedar Run, both in southern West Virginia. This paper uses recently acquired outcrop data to more fully document and reevaluate the depositional and stratigraphic context of the West Virginia assemblages and their paleoclimatic and paleogeographic implications. The Cedar Run Walchia assemblage occurs in olive mudshale of an abandoned fluvial channel-fill 15.8–16.9 m above the base of the Ames Limestone, indicating an early Virgilian age. It consists of compressions and impressions of branches and branchlets of Walchia, Lepidophylloides, Cordaites, and rare neuropteroid pinnules. The channel-fill at this location is a component of the Grafton Sandstone incised valley-fill previously described from the study area. Correlation of paleosol-bounded, marine-cored cyclothems in the study area with their nonmarine cyclothem equivalents at Charleston, West Virginia indicates the Walchia previously reported at the Mahoning coal horizon, occurs between the Brush Creek and Bakerstown coals, and is therefore Missourian, not late Desmoinesian, and similar to the revised age for the 7-11 Mine Walchia reported from eastern Ohio. Late Pennsylvanian, upland (or dryland) conifer communities were comprised of Walchia, Cordaites, and Sigillaria which produced a forest with seed ferns as an understory. The Cedar Run assemblage was probably transported into the valley from adjacent, well-drained coastal plain uplands formed during valley incision, and deposited within the early transgressive systems tract. It is also possible that Walchia expanded into the valleys when drainage became ephemeral during more arid climatic phases. The revised correlations of Appalachian Basin Walchia horizons indicate their appearance closely followed, rather than predated the abrupt climate change and extinctions at the Desmoinesian-Missourian boundary.
Child Welfare Social Workers and Open Adoption Myths

ABSTRACTOpen adoption can have positive effects on the psychological well-being of adopted children. This study's purpose was to explore child welfare social workers' open adoption attitudes and their agreement with open adoption myths in predicting the relationship with their levels of openness toward open adoption. This study showed that open adoption attitudes, open adoption myths, and area of practice have an association with the levels of openness toward open adoption in a group of child welfare social workers. This information could be beneficial to policy makers and professionals who may be interested in increasing the facilitation of open adoption.
Missed Fractures in Infants Presenting to the Emergency Department With Fussiness

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate incidence of prior fussy emergency visits in infants with subsequently diagnosed fractures suggestive of abuse. Methods This was a retrospective chart review of infants younger than 6 months who presented to the pediatric emergency department (ED) between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2011. Inclusion criteria included age 0 to 6 months, discharge diagnosis including "fracture," "broken" (or break), or "trauma" or any child abuse diagnosis or chief complaint of "fussy" or "crying" as documented in the electronic medical record by the triage nurse. Results Three thousand seven hundred thirty-two charts were reviewed, and 279 infants with fractures were identified. Eighteen (6.5%) of 279 infants had a prior ED visit for fussiness without an obvious source. Of these, 2 had a witnessed event causing their fracture, and therefore the fracture was not considered concerning for abuse. The remaining 16 had fractures concerning for abuse. Mean age was 2.5 (SD, 1.2) months. Fifteen (83%) of 18 infants were 3 months or younger at the time of the fussy visit. The mean interval between the first and second ED visits was 27 days (median, 20 days). Thirty-nine percent were evaluated by a pediatric emergency medicine-trained physician during their initial fussy visit, whereas 78% were evaluated by pediatric emergency medicine-trained physician during their subsequent visit. Most common injuries were multiple types of fractures followed by extremity and rib fractures. Conclusions Fractures concerning for child abuse are an important cause of unexplained fussiness in infants presenting to the pediatric ED. A high index of suspicion is essential for prompt diagnosis and likely prevention of other abuse.
A review on the growing concern and potential management strategies of waste lithium-ion batteries

Abstract This review paper discusses the available literature on end-of-life lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) from a waste management standpoint. The amount of LIBs entering the waste stream has increased in recent years because of their growing prevalence in electronic devices and vehicles. The electric vehicle (EV) industry, in particular, is expected to create a high demand for LIBs and this paper has identified them as a major contributor to the LIB waste stream in the near future. Waste LIBs exhibit many hazardous characteristics, such as the ability to spontaneously ignite and/or release hazardous chemicals under landfill conditions. The authors review the current findings with regards to their hazardous properties and present potential solutions to help mitigate these problems. One major solution is to manage LIBs as a hazardous or universal waste, which would entail special regulations for this waste stream. While lead-acid and nickel-cadmium batteries are often regulated as a hazardous or universal waste, most countries, such as the U.S., currently manage LIBs as a general solid waste. However, it may be plausible to consider these types of batteries as a hazardous or universal waste because they have frequently exceeded federal and state regulatory thresholds for certain metals, such as lead. This paper also identifies recycling as another major solution for end-of-life LIB management. Based on life cycle impact assessment studies, recycling certain types of LIBs results in a lower resource depletion potential and less air emissions than a cradle-to-grave management scenario.
The Structural Crisis of the Neocolonial World-System

This chapter provides an analysis of the sustained structural crisis of the world-system, which showed its first symptoms in the 1970s, and which has resulted from the fact that the world-system has reached the geographical limits of the earth. It notes the symptoms of the crisis: the elimination of the gold standard; the US double deficit; neoliberal economic policies; factory relocation; escalating financial speculation; and new wars of aggression by the core powers, led by the USA. This chapter also observes the relative economic decline of the USA and its increasing reliance on military action. It maintains that the US economic and military attacks on the Third World violate the rules of neocolonial domination, which it developed during the period 1933 to 1965.
Models for integrating toxicology concepts into chemistry courses and programs

ABSTRACTToxicology and related concepts are being taught within chemistry education programs to enable students to (1) develop an awareness of toxicological principles and concepts that are otherwise absent from the chemistry curriculum for undergraduates and (2) design chemical products and processes that have reduced health and environmental hazards. This manuscript presents three model courses from different higher education institutions, presenting different approaches for introducing toxicology concepts to students. The models are presented not as prescriptive approaches, but as inspirational models for others to use to generate their own unique approaches to integrating and teaching toxicology concepts.
Teaching Rural Students with Learning Disabilities: A Paraphrasing Strategy to Increase Comprehension of Main Ideas.

The study compared the effects of repeated readings versus paraphrasing cognitive strategy instruction. Main idea comprehension skills of rural fifth, sixth, and seventh grade learning disabled students with moderate levels of decoding fluency (100 words per minute), and high levels of decoding accuracy (97%) were used. The study also investigated the relative power of combining the two procedures. Results indicated that paraphrasing instruction was superior to the repeated readings procedures. Pairing repeated readings with the paraphrasing strategy was no more effective than teaching the paraphrasing strategy alone. Instructional implications are discussed.
The Progression of Autonomic Dysfunction in Chronic Disease

Normally, when we are born, we are born with as healthy an ANS as we will have: our resting response is in the middle of the gray area on the baseline response plot. When we are no longer breathing, there is no power in either ANS branch: our resting response is at the bottom left corner of the baseline response plot. The middle diagonal line connecting the two points, the perfect balance line, turns out to be the slowest path from birth to death. This means that the ANS will decline, even if we live a “perfectly healthy life.” As will be demonstrated, chronic disease accelerates this decline. Fortunately, as has been demonstrated in the previous chapter, establishing and maintaining proper balance for the individual can return the patient to a “normal” decline, slowing the progression of autonomic dysfunction as much as possible, minimizing morbidity and mortality risk. Note that the progression plots are not from numbers of patients followed from birth; they are composite plots from large populations of subjects covering the ages. Albeit balance has become the key to promoting and maintaining health and minimizing morbidity and mortality risk. These plots demonstrate the difference between normal aging balance and disease balance.
Projected Behavioral Impacts of Global Climate Change

The projected behavioral impacts of global climate change emanate from environmental changes including temperature elevation, extreme weather events, and rising air pollution. Negative affect, interpersonal and intergroup conflict, and possibly psychological distress increase with rising temperature. Droughts, floods, and severe storms diminish quality of life, elevate stress, produce psychological distress, and may elevate interpersonal and intergroup conflict. Recreational opportunities are compromised by extreme weather, and children may suffer delayed cognitive development. Elevated pollutants concern citizens and may accentuate psychological distress. Outdoor recreational activity is curtailed by ambient pollutants. Limitations and issues in need of further investigation include the following: lack of data on direct experience with climate change rather than indirect assessments related to projected changes; poor spatial resolution in environmental exposures and behavioral assessments; few rigorous quasi-experimental studies; overreliance on self-reports of behavioral outcomes; little consideration of moderator effects; and scant investigation of underlying psychosocial processes to explain projected behavioral impacts.
Structural Changes in Hemerythrin and Error Analysis

Results are presented on the structure of the active site of hemerythrins as determined by EXAFS measurements. The µ-oxo bridge between the two Fe atoms in the oxy- form is converted to a µ-OH bridge as O2 is released, forming deoxyhemerythrin. In order to draw such a conclusion the uncertainties in the structure parameters must be small enough. A careful analysis of the sources of errors indicates that the major source is from the nontransferability of amplitude and phase of the backscatters between the standards and the unknown. This source is usually neglected. A new function is presented that should be minimized to obtain the best fit between assumed models and the experimental data. Using this new function a definite prescription is given to obtain the errors in the fitting parameters.
Fibrous dysplasia for radiologists: beyond ground glass bone matrix

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a congenital disorder arising from sporadic mutation of the α-subunit of the Gs stimulatory protein. Osseous changes are characterised by the replacement and distortion of normal bone with poorly organised, structurally unsound, fibrous tissue. The disease process may be localised to a single or multiple bones. In McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS), fibrous dysplasia is associated with hyperfunction of endocrine organs and overproduction of melanin in the skin, while Mazabraud syndrome FD is associated with intramuscular myxomas. In radiology, FD is very often automatically associated with the term “ground glass matrix”. However, FD is a complex disease, and knowledge of its unique pathogenesis and course are crucial to understanding imaging findings and potential complications. This article aims to not only summarise the spectrum of radiological findings of osseous and extra-osseous abnormalities associated with FD but also to highlight the pathological base of the disease evolution, corresponding imaging changes and complications based on the disease distribution. We also have provided current recommendations for clinical management and follow-up of patients with FD. • FD is often a part of complex disease, involving not only bone but also multiple other organs. • FD lesions are characterised by age-related histological, radiographical and clinical transformations. • Radiologists play a crucial role in the identification of osseous complications associated with FD. • The craniofacial form of the disease is the most common type of FD and the most difficult form to manage. • Patients with McCune-Albright syndrome may have different extra-skeletal abnormalities, which often require follow-up.
Other Functions and Relations

This chapter describes mathematics that are specifically applicable to relaxation phenomena but not restricted to the frequency domain. In particular Sect. 3.7 gives fundamental derivations of relations between frequency domain functions and relaxation time distributions.
Try a Complement.

If you're looking for an enrichment topic that is easy to grasp and guaranteed to arouse interest, try a complement. If you have an inquisitive student who has a rudi mentary knowledge of basic algebra and who is interested in independently explor ing a mathematical topic, try a com plement. As defined below, complements provide a simple but intriguing algorithm for multiplying natural numbers. Your stu dents will be impressed by the quickness and ease with which many multiplication problems can be solved by using this al gorithm. If they are encouraged to take the time to analyze the algorithm, to see if it can be generalized, and to look for its strengths and weaknesses, some of them will discover that it can be both enjoyable and intellectually stimulating to explore new ways to solve old problems. A few examples will illustrate the beauty and the simplicity of the algorithm. Let's start by showing how to obtain 168 as the product of 14 and 12. Let a be any natural number and let the complement of a be de noted by ?, where a = a ? 10. Then 14 = 4 and 12 = 2. Add the complement of 14 to 12, namely, 4 + 12 = 16. Add the com plement of 12 to 14, 2 + 14 = 16. You should obtain 16 in both cases. Using 16 as a prefix and 8 (the product of the com plements) as a suffix, we have the answer 168. The algorithm is displayed schemati cally with several examples below. Note in examples 1 and 2 that when the suffix S is a one-digit number, the product can be quickly written in decimal notation as PS, where represents the prefix; when S is a two-digit number, (examples 3 and 4), the tens digit of S must be added to the prefix in order to express the number in decimal notation.
Relevance Judgments of Actual Users and Secondary Judges: A Comparative Study.

This exploratory study sought to examine judgments of relevance of document representations to query statements made by people other than the originators of the queries. A small group of graduate students in the School of Information and Library Studies and undergraduates at the University of Michigan judged sets of documents that had been retrieved for and judged by real users for a previous study. The secondary judges' assessments of relevance were analyzed by themselves and in comparison to the users' assessments. The judges performed reasonably well, but some important differences were identified. Secondary judges use the various fields of document records differently than users, and they have a higher threshold of relevance. There are other interesting differences and similarities between the groups. Implications of these findings for designing and testing document retrieval systems are discussed.
Children’s Technology Time in Two US Cohorts

Over the last two decades, technologies available to children have accelerated with the advent of wireless internet and increasing portability and affordability of electronic devices. Children’s technology use is a rapidly evolving challenge for families, organizing their everyday lives and potentially resulting in social disparities in technology use and displacement of healthy behaviors. This study examined time spent on technology use, physical activity, play, and sleep by US children across early (ages 2–5) and middle (ages 6–11) childhood in two cohorts using time diary data with a focus on variation by class and race. Data came from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics Child Development Supplement in 1997 (N = 2193) and 2014–2016 (N = 1009). Multivariate regression models estimated total time spent engaged in technology use, physical activity, unstructured play, and sleep. Total time spent engaged with technology increased 32% since 1997 in early childhood and 23% in middle childhood. Technology use was lowest for children with the most highly educated parents. In the more recent cohort, technology use was associated with displacement of physical activity in middle childhood but with increased play in early childhood and increased sleep in middle childhood. Results suggest that changes over time in technology use have restructured children’s everyday lives in ways that may be consequential for health and development, but co-occurring declines in physical activity and unstructured play cannot be attributed solely to technology time.
Implementation of an educational program to improve precepting skills.

Background Educating health care providers is dependent on developing high-quality clinical preceptors, yet preceptors face widespread challenges to precepting, such as time constraints and lack of formal preceptor training. Local problem Our college of nursing conducted a needs assessment survey of our preceptors to better understand the barriers to and incentives for precepting. Formal preceptor training was identified as an intervention to support preceptors. Methods Based on survey responses and a literature review of best practices, a preceptor training program was developed and delivered to local health care partners. Posttraining surveys were used to measure the effectiveness of the training. Intervention We developed a one-hour formal preceptor training program. The main components included 1) orienting a student, 2) applying the Recorder/Reporter-Interpreter-Manager-Educator (RIME) framework for clinical evaluation, 3) One-Minute Preceptor (OMP) methodology for clinical teaching, 4) strategies for giving students feedback, and 5) communicating with the university. Results Preceptor training was delivered to health care providers (N = 58) at eight clinics and one nurse practitioner (NP) professional group. Most participants (86%) had never received training in the RIME framework or OMP method (80%). The participants rated the following aspects of training as very useful or moderately useful: Orientation checklist (100%), RIME framework (96%), and OMP (100%). Conclusions We found that training preceptors on evidence-based, time-efficient strategies for precepting is feasible and valuable. If continued and expanded, this training may positively affect retention and recruitment of preceptors for our university's NP students. This training may be transferable to other geographical settings.
Rapastinel, a novel glutamatergic agent with ketamine-like antidepressant actions: Convergent mechanisms.

Abstract Conventional antidepressant medications, which act on monoaminergic systems, have significant limitations, including a time lag of weeks to months and low rates of therapeutic efficacy. Recently, clinical findings demonstrate that ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic that blocks N-methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) receptor channel activity, causes rapid (within hours) and long-lasting (7 to 10 days) antidepressant effects. Rapastinel is a novel glutamatergic compound that acts as an NMDAR postive allosteric modulator and produces rapid antidepressant actions in depressed patients and in preclinical rodent models. In addition, rapastinel has no ketamine-like side effect such as cognitive impairment and psychotomimetic symptoms. Despite recent negative clinical trials, it remains possible that rapastinel could prove effective as an alternative rapid agent with reduced side effects. In this review, we discuss the pharmacological profile of rapastinel and the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the rapid and sustained antidepressant actions of this novel agent.
Zoning additive manufacturing process histories using unsupervised machine learning

Abstract Metal additive manufacturing (AM) is currently a highly active area of research within the materials processing and manufacturing community, owing to the promises of lower lead time, increased design flexibility, and location-specific process control. These benefits are balanced by a typically complex processing space, resulting in difficulties when attempting to generalize process-structure relationships across different component geometries. We develop a procedure for reducing the overall complexity of a representation of the AM processing space using techniques from time series analysis and dimensionality reduction. This procedure is highly generic and applicable to a variety of time sequenced signals. We then utilize this reduced feature space as input to a cluster analysis, producing zoned maps of process history. We apply the approach to several canonical geometries, describe its overall utility, and discuss the implications of the resulting zonings in terms of the underlying digital process.
Aβ Puts the Alpha in Synuclein

Neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are characterized pathologically by aberrant protein accumulation, such as Aβ or α-synuclein deposition. In this issue of Neuron, Bassil et al. (2020) observed an exacerbation of α-syn pathology in the presence of Aβ plaques in vivo, with comorbid pathologies associated with greater neurodegeneration.
Point Measure Correlation

Many Rasch analysis programs include a point measure correlation computation. In this chapter, we focus on how this correlation can be used to quickly spot errors in answer keys, as well in the presence of survey items that were not flipped, but should have been flipped. This chapter provides an added technique by which researchers can identify issues that can impact the quality of data used for an analysis of a test or a survey. Also, we link this chapter to our “What Tables to Use” of Rasch Analysis in the Human Sciences.
Brief of Amici Curiae Professors of Patent and Administrative Law in Support of Respondent, Thryv, Inc. v. Click-To-Call Technologies, LP, No. 18–916 (Sup. Ct., Nov. 4, 2019)

This case implicates a significant balance in the patent system between the competing powers of the federal courts and the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Patent Trial and Appeal Board (“PTAB”) to review patent validity. Congress allocated those powers through several provisions of the America Invents Act, including the one-year time bar of 35 U.S.C. § 315(b). The Federal Circuit, starting with its en banc decision in Wi-Fi One, LLC v. Broadcom Corp., 878 F.3d 1364 (Fed. Cir. 2018), has been taking proper account of that balance of power by exercising judicial review over the PTAB’s application of the one-year bar. Judicial review of § 315(b) time-bar determinations is foundational to safeguarding the court-agency balance of patent powers, whose scope and impact extend well beyond the PTAB and into the courts. Accordingly, the Federal Circuit’s conclusion that such review is available correctly applies this Court’s guidance in Cuozzo Speed Techs., LLC v. Lee, 136 S. Ct. 2131 (2016), and is strengthened even further by this Court’s subsequent decision in SAS Institute Inc. v. Iancu, 138 S. Ct. 1348 (2018). Moreover, detailed empirical evidence reveals that litigants use the PTAB to a significant extent as a strategic substitute for courts in reevaluating patent validity. Strategic substitution is subject to important statutory constraints, especially the one-year bar of § 315(b). These constraints promote repose for litigants, conservation of both court and agency resources, and inter-branch respect for the judgments of competing tribunals. Accordingly, in evaluating the reviewability of the PTAB’s timeliness determinations under § 315(b), this Court should take careful account of the significant scope and impact that § 315(b) has beyond the inter partes review setting in preserving the balance of power that Congress has allocated to the PTAB and to the courts.
Stability of a Subcritical Fluid Model for Fair Bandwidth Sharing with General File Size Distributions

This work concerns the asymptotic behavior of solutions to a (strictly) subcritical fluid model for a data communication network, where file sizes are generally distributed and the network operates...
Engineering improved measurement and actuation for nanoscale biophysics.

This commentary profiles the research interests of my recently established research group at The University of Chicago, as well as my own research trajectory and contributions to the field of nanoscale biophysics. I describe here certain open challenges of interest that drive my group’s current research efforts, along with my past efforts that have impacted these areas.
Enlaces Por La Salud: A Personal Health Navigator Intervention Grounded in the Transnational Framework

Despite the disproportionate burden of HIV among Latinxs, there is a paucity of culturally appropriate interventions that have shown efficacy at increasing their engagement and retention in HIV care. We describe the development and implementation of Enlaces, a six-session, individual-level intervention, guided by the transnational framework, to improve HIV care outcomes for newly diagnosed and out-of-care Mexican men and transgender women (TW). Descriptive statistics summarizing baseline data and implementation outcomes are provided. 91 participants enrolled between October 2014 and August 2017. Intervention engagement and satisfaction was high; 81.3% completed all six sessions and 100% were very satisfied/satisfied with their experience. Successful implementation of the ENLACES intervention was the result of establishing client trust and maintaining a flexible, supportive approach to intervention delivery. Use of the transnational framework provided a contextualized approach to engaging with Mexican men and TW living with HIV that can be adapted to other Latino populations.
Interaction of Task-Contingent Conscientiousness and Supervisor Support to Promote Training Transfer

Research on training has accumulated knowledge of factors influencing transfer of training. However, little is known about how these factors may interact to impact training activity level and train...
Natural history of metastatic melanoma patients with CNS metastases

8054 Background: Melanoma has a high rate of CNS metastasis (mets). The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of melanoma patients (pts) who develop CNS mets. Met...
SU-E-J-157: Comparison Between Internal Respiratory Signal and External Respiratory Signal in 4D CT

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of using a Fourier transformbased internal respiratory signal (IRS) to sort four-dimensional (4D) CT images, compared to images sorted using the external respiratory signal from the real-time position management (RPM) system. Methods: 80 patients with abdominal or thoracic cancers were retrospectively selected for this study. The IRS were computed using an algorithm previously described by our group. 4D images were then sorted using the end inspiration times calculated from the IRS. We compared the IRS to the RPM signals by assessing their similarities using the normalized cross correlation (NCC), and the end inspiration times identified from the respective signals. The IRS-sorted 4D images were also compared to the RPM-sorted clinical images using a correlation-based metric to compare their image qualities. Results: In 90% of the data sets, the IRS matched with the RPM signal with NCC >= 0.5. In this cohort of matching signals, the average difference between end inspiration times from the IRS and RPM signal was 0.11 s. In the remaining 10% of the data sets, the IRS did not match the RPM signal in at least one couch position (NCC < 0.5). The average difference between end inspiration times was 0.73 s in the non-matching couch positions. The correlation-based metric indicated poorer matching of neighboring couch positions in the RPM-sorted images. This implied that, when the IRS did not match the RPM signal, the images sorted using the IRS showed fewer artifacts than the clinical images sorted using the RPM signal. Conclusion: The IRS is in good agreement with the RPM signal in most cases. In some cases, the IRS provides better sorting than the RPM signal, especially when the RPM system fails. The IRS can therefore be a viable complementary tool or even a replacement for the RPM system.
Cultivating Public Leadership Among Theological Students: The Role of Faith and the City of Columbia Theological Seminary

The case study examines the Faith and the City Program at Columbia Theological Seminary as it attempts to respond to the Association of Theological Schools' requirement to prepare students for public leadership. The program uses a multi-faceted approach to this task that includes student-led activities and an infusion of the curriculum through elective courses and guest lectures on the role of the pastor as a public leader. Special emphasis is placed on a joint seminar on "Power, Faith, and Civic Leadership" conducted for students and faculty from Columbia, the Interdenominational Theological Center, and Georgia State University. Elements of the case may be useful to other institutions seeking to cultivate public leadership among theological students.
Geography in an Age of Extremes: A Blueprint for a Geography of Justice

The AAG was baptized into and came of age during a century of extreme violence. Total war marked the organization's tenth and fortieth birthdays, genocide its fortieth and ninetieth. On the AAG's t...
The electronic baseball scorer

The Electronic Baseball Scorer is designed to allow a disabled person to participate in the sport. This scorer includes a voltage supply, LCD display screen, and a microcontroller. The device operates by updating the score each time an input button is pressed. The display screen posts the score on an image identical to a paper score sheet.
Natal dispersal and gene flow in white-tailed deer in northeastern Minnesota

I documented natal dispersal and gene flow in 79 yearling white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) in northeastern Minnesota during 1974–1988. Sixty-four percent ( n = 28) of 44 males and 20% ( n = 7) of 35 females dispersed from their natal home ranges when 1.0–1.5-years old. Eighty-six percent and 95%, of all yearlings including nondispersers, dispersed ≤26 and ≤38 km, respectively. Minimum gene flow was estimated to be 40 deer per generation, based on a circular subpopulation defined by a 26-km radius. Gene flow estimated from allele frequencies for five polymorphic loci averaged 15 deer per generation among five subpopulations. These values of gene flow were concomitant with significant allelefrequency heterogeneity at the subpopulation level.
Spin-Extended Wave Functions for First-Row Atoms

An extension of Brillouin's theorem, stating that matrix elements of $H\ensuremath{-}EI$ between the spin-extended Hartree-Fock (SEHF) function and the projected singly-excited functions derived from it vanish, is used to calculate the SEHF function itself. Functions are reported for C, N, O, and F, using two basis sets for each atom. Results are compared with earlier calculations for other first-row atoms. Appreciable energy reductions with respect to the restricted Hartree-Fock results were obtained only for the closed-shell atoms He and Be, and a spin density in good agreement with experiment was obtained only for Li. It is suggested that larger basis sets may be required to span the SEHF functions.
Simulation of plunging wave impact on a vertical wall

We present a numerical study of the impact of a two-dimensional plunging wave on a rigid vertical wall in the context of potential flow. The plunging wave impinging the wall is generated using a mixed-Eulerian-Lagrangian (MEL) boundary-integral scheme. The initial stage of the impact is characterized by an oblique impact of a liquid wedge on the wall and is solved using a similarity solution. Following the initial impact, the MEL simulation is continued to capture the transient impact process. The effect of an air cushion trapped between the plunger and the wall is considered. In addition to details such as temporal evolutions and surface profiles, the main interests are the maximum impact pressure on the wall and its rise time. To arrive at appropriate scaling laws for these, simulations are performed and correlations are explored for a broad range of local plunging wave kinematic and geometric parameters. To assess the present results, direct comparisons are made with the experiment of Chan & Melville (1988). Reasonable quantitative agreement is obtained and likely sources for discrepancies are identified and discussed.