cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Validation of a glaucoma knowledge assessment in glaucoma patients

SUMMARY To develop metrics to identify knowledge deficits and barriers to learning in glaucoma patients, this study seeks to validate a glaucoma knowledge assessment to use in the evaluation of knowledge in glaucoma patients. PURPOSE Glaucoma treatment adherence appears to improve when patients demonstrate a greater knowledge of the disease and its treatment. This study seeks to validate a glaucoma knowledge assessment in a glaucoma patient population to assist in patient educational assessments and interventions. PATIENTS AND METHODS The National Eye Health Education Program's (NEHEP) glaucoma knowledge assessment has previously been suggested as a useful measure to assess glaucoma patient's knowledge. This questionnaire was administered in glaucoma patients along with a more comprehensive 49-question examination. Demographic data and health literacy were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the validity of the assessments. RESULTS A total of 12 glaucoma patients completed the knowledge assessments. The mean ± standard deviation age of the patients was 69±14 years, and the duration of glaucoma was 14±13 years. The participants' mean score on the NEHEP assessment was 7.3±0.8 (of 10, 73% correct) vs 29.3±7.3 (of 49, 60% correct) on the comprehensive assessment. The value of coefficient α was 0.592 for NEHEP and 0.872 for the cumulative assessment. The P-value (proportion of examinees answering correctly) ranged from 0 to 1 for individual questions. Item point-biserial correlation values for each question ranged from -0.402 to 0.813. DISCUSSION The NEHEP quiz may be a good starting point for the development of a reliable knowledge assessment tool to measure and monitor glaucoma knowledge, due to its concise nature and reasonable level of difficulty. This study suggests that questions included in the currently available questionnaires vary widely in difficulty and ability to differentiate knowledge level, which may ultimately compromise reliability and utility of existing examinations. Further examination of individual questions and teaching points included in the current assessments may help to construct increasingly reliable and useful knowledge assessments in the future.
Federal policy and the teacher labor market: exploring the effects of NCLB school accountability on teacher turnover

ABSTRACTThe media suggest that accountability pressure increases teacher stress and drives teachers away from teaching, resulting in teachers leaving disadvantaged schools that serve larger proportions of poor and minority students. However, no prior work has systematically examined the changes in the national trends of teacher turnover in response to No Child Left Behind (NCLB) school accountability. Drawing on nationally representative samples of schools and teachers from the Schools and Staffing Surveys and Teacher Follow-Up Surveys from 1993–2009, this study applied difference-in-differences approaches to examine the effects of NCLB on teacher turnover. We found a weak increase in the average rate of teachers transferring involuntarily to other schools following school-initiated separations, particularly in disadvantaged schools that served larger proportions of poor and minority students. We also observed that NCLB reduced the involuntary attrition rates of teachers. Importantly, the policy effect is...
Symptom overlap on the srs-2 adult self-report between adults with asd and adults with high anxiety.

Many people diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) also experience significant symptoms of anxiety, while many people with anxiety disorders likewise experience social difficulties. These concerns can be difficult to tease apart in general clinical settings. The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) is one of the most frequently used measures of dimensional ASD symptoms. In order to investigate the overlap of autism and anxiety on the SRS, we compared three groups of adults (an ASD group, n = 40; a high anxious group, n = 56; and a typical comparison group, n = 29) using the new Adult Self Report version of the SRS-2nd Edition (SRS-2-ASR) alongside a battery of anxiety questionnaires. Based on previous research with children from the parent-report SRS (first edition), we hypothesized that the SRS-2-ASR would have difficulty discriminating between the ASD and high anxious groups. Results showed that both these clinical groups scored significantly higher on the SRS than a typical control group. Discriminant validity was poor, including sensitivity of 0.65 when including all participants and 0.48 when only the two clinical groups were included. In particular, the Social Motivation subscale of the SRS-ASR failed to distinguish between ASD and anxiety groups. As recommended in the SRS-2 manual, we highlight the need for caution when using the SRS-2-ASR to support diagnostic decision making, especially in clinical settings involving anxiety, ADHD, or other concerns that can affect reciprocal social communication and/or behavioral flexibility. Autism Res 2017. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1215-1220. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cooperative multi-robot information acquisition based on distributed robust model predictive control

In this paper, we propose a distributed multi-robot control system working in dynamic and uncertain environments. Robust model predictive control (robust MPC) enables robots to deal with uncertainties. However, the performance of the robust MPC is dependent on the amount of uncertainty that derives from noisy measurements, communication disturbance, etc. The proposed system includes multiple observation robots that gather information cooperatively as well as a main robot controlled by robust MPC. Therefore, the system works for not only treating the uncertainty but also decreasing it. A simulation result of a collision avoidance shows that the information acquisition by the observation robots enables the main robot to move efficiently and arrive at the goal faster than a case without the observation robots. We also focus on a problem that a large number of observation robots will increase the frequency of inter-robot collision avoidances, and thus negatively affect to the performance of the main robot. Simulation results under various conditions on a disturbance level and a measurement range of sensors clarifies an adequate number of observation robots as well as the design guideline about sensors and networks.
Contextual utility affects the perceived quality of explanations

Are explanations of different kinds (formal, mechanistic, teleological) judged differently depending on their contextual utility, defined as the extent to which they support the kinds of inferences required for a given task? We report three studies demonstrating that the perceived “goodness” of an explanation depends on the evaluator’s current task: Explanations receive a relative boost when they support task-relevant inferences, even when all three explanation types are warranted. For example, mechanistic explanations receive higher ratings when participants anticipate making further inferences on the basis of proximate causes than when they anticipate making further inferences on the basis of category membership or functions. These findings shed light on the functions of explanation and support pragmatic and pluralist approaches to explanation.
Abstract AP14: THERAPEUTIC TARGETING USING TUMOR SPECIFIC PEPTIDES INHIBITS LONG NON–CODING RNA HOTAIR ONCOGENIC ACTIVITY IN OVARIAN CANCER

PURPOSE: Most women diagnosed with advanced-stage ovarian cancer develop chemo-resistant tumor recurrence, which is uniformly fatal. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play key roles in human diseases, including cancer. Functional studies of the lncRNA HOTAIR (HOX transcript antisense RNA) provide compelling evidence for therapeutic targeting of HOTAIR in ovarian cancer to impact chemoresistance, but targeting lncRNAs in vivo has proven to be difficult. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In the current study, we describe a peptide nucleic acids (PNA)-based approach to effectively block the ability of HOTAIR to interact with EZH2 and subsequently inhibit oncogenic HOTAIR-EZH2 activity. In order to deliver the anti-lncRNA to the acidic (pH approximately 6) microenvironment of solid tumors in vivo, PNAs were conjugated to pH-low insertion peptide (pHLIP). RESULTS: Treatment of HOTAIR-overexpressing ovarian cancer cell lines with PNAs decreased cancer cell invasion and increased chemotherapy sensitivity. The mechanism of action of the anti-lncRNA agent correlated with reduced nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) activation and decreased expression of key NF-κB target genes including matrix metalloprotease 9 and interleukin 6. PNA treatment of ALDH1A1 positive/ovarian tumor initiating cells overexpressing HOTAIR markedly decreased ALDH1A1 activity and reduced the ovarian cancer stem cell population. In mice harboring ovarian tumor xerographs and treated with pHLIP-PNA constructs, HOTAIR oncogenic activity was suppressed, ovarian tumors were resensitized to platinum, and a significant (64%) survival improvement was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Toward developing new therapeutic approaches against chemoresistant ovarian cancer, we designed a PNA-targeting strategy for HOTAIR that effectively blocks the ability of HOTAIR to interact with EZH2 and inhibits oncogenic HOTAIR-EZH2. This first report on pHLIP-PNA targeting HOTAIR in vivo offer pre-clinical proof-of-concept and represents a possible treatment alternative for chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Ali R. Ozes, Yinu Wang, Fang Fang, and Kenneth P. Nephew. THERAPEUTIC TARGETING USING TUMOR SPECIFIC PEPTIDES INHIBITS LONG NON–CODING RNA HOTAIR ONCOGENIC ACTIVITY IN OVARIAN CANCER [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Biennial Ovarian Cancer Research Symposium; Sep 12-13, 2016; Seattle, WA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2017;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr AP14.
Cognitive task complexity and L2 written syntactic complexity, accuracy, lexical complexity, and fluency: A research synthesis and meta-analysis

Abstract This study, a research synthesis and quantitative meta-analysis, contributes to recent L2 writing research on task complexity and its impact on the syntactic complexity, accuracy, lexical complexity, and fluency (CALF) of written L2 production. Through a systematic analysis of task-based L2 writing research from 1998 to the present, the study aimed to better understand (a) how task complexity has been manipulated in previous research, (b) the range of metrics used in previous research to quantify L2 written CALF, and (c) the specific effects of task complexity manipulation on L2 written CALF. The results of the research synthesis indicate that a handful of task complexity features have received a great deal of attention compared to other, less studied task complexity features. Further, the results of the research synthesis suggest that many studies rely on relatively few metrics of CALF, often focusing on metrics of syntactic complexity associated with complex forms more typical of oral language production (Biber, 1988; Biber & Conrad, 2009; Biber & Gray, 2010; Biber, Gray, & Poonpon, 2011, 2013). The results of the quantitative meta-analysis indicate significant effects of increased resource-directing and resource-dispersing features of task complexity on the CALF of written L2 production. The results offer no clear support for the cognition hypothesis (Robinson, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2011), but rather suggest that features of task complexity may promote attention to the formulation and monitoring systems of the writing process (Kellogg, 1996; Kellogg, Whiteford, Turner, Cahill, & Mertens, 2013).
Dynamic Virtual Measurement Function scheduling in software-oriented measurement environment

Network function virtualization (NFV) allows software-oriented network functions executed on general-purpose servers or virtual machines (VMs) instead of dedicated hardware, greatly improving the flexibility and scalability of network services. Consequently, NFV would facilitate versatile and dynamic network measurement services to meet the increasingly diversified measurement demands. However, it is challenging to provision the measurement services in a virtualized environment due to the stochastic nature in measurement demand and the special requirements of measurement functions such as location constraint and execution time. In this paper, we compose a measurement service chain as a Virtual Measurement Function (VMF) graph, and then propose a dynamic VMF scheduling algorithm for a software-oriented measurement system using Lyapunov optimization technique to maximize the revenue of the system while guaranteeing the Quality of Service (QoS). The scheduling algorithm decides whether to accept a measurement service request and which measurement nodes (MNs) instantiate the VMF graph. Finally, the performance of our proposed algorithm is verified through theoretical analysis and numerical evaluation. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can increase the total avenue by up to 10%, reduce the service average queue delay by 24%, and decrease the service reject rate by up to 10%, comparing with a heuristic algorithm.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Youth on Dialysis

This case examines the role of the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) analysis in the case of an 18-year-old girl who is doing poorly on chronic hemodialysis owing to her ongoing nonadherence, the minimal involvement of her parent, and staff perception that she is uninterested in her medical care. Communication between the patient and her medical team is deteriorating, prompting some team members to recommend transfer to an adult dialysis program. Others are concerned that the transfer of care may place the patient at increased risk for medical complications. A series of evaluation tools paint a picture of poor emotional, social, and adaptive functioning. Further analysis identifies the HRQOL-related challenges of the emotional, social, and physical burden of chronic kidney disease and its impact on daily functioning as the likely source of the difficulties. The author focuses on a series of pragmatic clinical questions: (1) How does the status of this young adult’s health-related quality of life (HRQOL) functioning compare to that of other young adults with ESRD who are on dialysis? (2) What should one consider in the assessment of HRQOL functioning in older youth on dialysis? (3) How can intervention planning be helpful in improving HRQOL functioning in older youth on dialysis? (4) How can the dialysis team be involved in better supporting HRQOL functioning in older youth on dialysis?
Special Functions and Representations of su(2)

Here we present a general approach to integrating representations of a Lie algebra that are explicitly presented acting on quotients of the universal enveloping algebra (or as equivalent induced representations). The idea is to think of “group elements” as “non-commutative generating functions” for the representations. One can then shift from non-commutative elements acting on non-commutative elements to non-commutative operators acting on (functions of) commutative variables. The representation so transformed is thus typically presented in terms of differential operators and the usual boson operator calculus can be applied for performing computations.
Neural Mechanisms of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms

This chapter describes the characteristics of mechanisms mediating sleep and arousal, their neurological substrates, and the cellular, neurochemical, and network properties of those substrates, with special emphasis on development from birth through puberty. Humans have three sleep and arousal states: waking, asleep (resting or slow-wave sleep), and asleep and dreaming (paradoxical, active, or rapid eye movement sleep). These states can be explained according to the firing properties of neurons based on their intrinsic membrane properties, their synaptic and neurochemical connectivity, and their responsiveness to sensory inputs.
Let Us In, Let Us In: A Study of Legislative Representation In Post-Communist Europe

There is no dispute that women are grossly under-represented in the world's legislatures. However, there are several explanations for this under-representation and for the variation that exists between regions and between countries. The prevailing literature points to institutional, developmental, and cultural variables. This study uses the postcommunist context in order to control for culture. Given the common experience of state socialism and the re-traditionalization of social values associated with a backlash against directive emancipation, culture cannot be the main factor in determining the wide variation in levels of female legislative representation in the new democracies of Eastern Europe. In testing for both institutional variations and levels of modernity, this study suggests that sociooeconomic development explains variation across the region while institutions explain variations within countries over time. Furthermore, low sociooeconomic development may place a ceiling on the extent to which "woman-friendly" institutions can increase fern ale representation. This article is available in Res Publica Journal of Undergraduate Research: http://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/respublica/vol6/iss1/9 Let Us In, Let Us In: A Study of Legislative Representation In Post-Communist Europe
MRI of prolapsed polypoid adenomyoma: Expanding the differential diagnosis for the broccoli sign.

Abstract We report a 44 year old previously healthy premenopausal woman who presented with a three month history of vaginal bleeding and a 5 cm vaginal mass obscuring the cervix on physical examination. Ultrasound evaluation was non diagnostic. Pelvic MRI demonstrated a 6 cm soft tissue mass in the vagina prolapsed from the uterine cavity with a visible connecting stalk, which is termed the broccoli sign. The initial radiological differential diagnosis included prolapsed uterine malignancy or leiomyoma. Surgical pathology revealed a polypoid adenomyoma. We conclude polypoid adenomyoma should be included in the differential diagnosis for prolapsed uterine tumor demonstrating the broccoli sign.
Usability testing with teens: Adapting human-centered design and UX methods

Teens are a unique population with needs and communication styles that differ from adults and children. Methods in human-centered design were initially conceptualized with adults in mind, but these methods should be reexamined to include the needs of teens. In this experience report, we reflect on a project introducing teens to human-centered design and methods. As part of the project, our team created a website and series of videos. We conducted a usability evaluation on the videos and an accompanying website with teens to understand what worked well and how to make improvements. In this report, we discuss how we modified traditional usability methods and tailored them for a teen audience. We share takeaways including keep methods and tools lightweight and facilitation styles engaging and casual. We assert that modifying methods is a key consideration for conducting usability testing with any unique group of users.
A novel lipid-polymer system with unique properties has potential in drug delivery and biotechnology applications

Abstract The utility of detergent micelle and bicelle systems has been demonstrated to be a valuable tool for the study of membrane protein interactions and in structural studies. Bicelles are distinguished from micelles in that they contain a lipid bilayer that mimics the plasma membrane of cells making it more native-like than its detergent micelle counter-part. Bicelles are typically comprised of a long-chain phospholipid such as 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and either a short-chain phospholipid, typically 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DHPC), or a bile-salt derivative such as CHAPS or CHAPSO. In solution DMPC and DHPC bicelles assume a discoidal structure comprised of a heterogeneous arrangement where the short-chain lipids gather around the rim of the disk and the long-chain lipids form the flat, bilayer region of the bicelle. Aside from DHPC, CHAPS and CHAPSO few other detergents have reportedly been investigated for their ability to form bicelles with DMPC. In this study, the detergent, C8E5, was used to prepare mixtures with DMPC to determine if it adopts properties similar to DMPC-DHPC bicelles. Mixtures were evaluated using sedimentation equilibrium, 31P-phosphorus NMR, and light scattering and compared to DMPC-DHPC bicelles. Interestingly, mixtures of DMPC and C8E5 assumed a spherical-shaped micellar structure, not the predicted discoidal shape. DMPC-C8E5 mixtures retain interesting properties rendering them particularly advantageous in studies of membrane protein interactions and hold promise as vehicles for drug delivery.
Associations between distress tolerance and asthma symptoms and quality of life

Objective: Given the robust associations between anxiety and asthma, the purpose of the current study was to explore associations between asthma outcomes and tolerance for negative affective states...
Injection of Urethral Bulking Agents

Abstract Urethral injection is a safe and minimally invasive method of treating female stress urinary incontinence with multiple bulking agents currently commercially available. Although there are numerous studies that demonstrate efficacy, long-term success is not yet proven. This article aims to describe the mechanism of action and properties of various agents, patient selection factors, available techniques for injection, outcomes of urethral injections, and complications associated with the procedure.
Kimmel, M. (2018). Healing From Hate: How Young Men Get Into–And Out Of–Violent Extremism. Oakland: University of California Press, 2018. 255 pp. $29.95 (hardcover). ISBN-13: 978-05-20966086.

In Healing From Hate: How Young Men Get Into—And Out Of—Violent Extremism, Michael Kimmel examines the international world of violent extremism to theorize why some men join these movements and rem...
The deeply depleted graphene-insulator-semiconductor junction: a versatile approach towards light sensing across the electromagnetic spectrum (Conference Presentation)

The deeply depleted graphene-insulator-semiconductor (D2GOS) junction has been shown to be a promising device structure for photon detection, due to its high responsivity, signal to noise ratio and ability for direct readout of individual pixels. One of the unique advantages of this architecture is its ease of exchangeability to other semiconductor absorber material, with the major caveat of realizing a functional device is to be able to deplete the semiconductor in the graphene-insulator-semiconductor (GOS) stack. This allows the opportunity to design GOS junctions to selective absorption cutoffs by choosing bulk semiconductors with the appropriate bandgaps. In this work, recent progress in demonstrating the D2GOS detectors across the mid-Infrared to gamma ray spectrum is discussed, using a variety of semiconductor absorbers (InSb, InAs, InGaAs, Si, and CdZnTe), along with the challenges associated with working with each absorber type. It is shown that the semiconductor/insulator interface defect density and graphene mobility are the two critical determinants in improving the D2GOS junction’s integration lifetime, responsivity and signal to noise ratio. Reduction of defects the semiconductor/insulator interface are demonstrated by employing surface passivation of the semiconductor through the deposition of a thin high-quality oxide, specific to each semiconductor. This is shown to dramatically reduce the dark charge generation in the device, resulting in improvements in integration lifetime, responsivity and signal to noise ratio. Finally, the device performance between 77 K and 300 K are compared, demonstrating an increase in performance at lower temperatures, due to further reduction of dark charge generation. Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525.
The Performance of “Antiracism” Curricula

The Performance of “Antiracism” Curricula We have seen medical institutions being compelled to deliver statements on diversity and inclusion, with subsequent mandatory training on cultural competen...
PCNA promotes context-specific sister chromatid cohesion establishment separate from that of chromatin condensation

Cellular genomes undergo various structural changes that include cis tethering (the tethering together of two loci within a single DNA molecule), which promotes chromosome condensation and transcriptional activation, and trans tethering (the tethering together of two DNA molecules), which promotes sister chromatid cohesion and DNA repair. The protein complex termed cohesin promotes both cis and trans forms of DNA tethering, but the extent to which these cohesin functions occur in temporally or spatially defined contexts remains largely unknown. Prior studies indicate that DNA polymerase sliding clamp PCNA recruits cohesin acetyltransferase Eco1, suggesting that sister chromatid cohesion is established in the context of the DNA replication fork. In support of this model, elevated levels of PCNA rescue the temperature growth and cohesion defects exhibited by eco1 mutant cells. Here, we test whether Eco1-dependent chromatin condensation is also promoted in the context of this DNA replication fork component. Our results reveal that overexpressed PCNA does not promote DNA condensation in eco1 mutant cells, even though Smc3 acetylation levels are increased. We further provide evidence that replication fork-associated E3 ligase impacts on Eco1 are more complex that previously described. In combination, the data suggests that Eco1 acetylates Smc3 and thus promotes sister chromatid cohesion in context of the DNA replication fork, whereas a distinct cohesin population participates in chromatin condensation outside the context of the DNA replication fork.
Variations in the Temporal Structure of Sociability across American Cities

Though sociologists have been interested in how temporal patterns of sociability vary in urban contexts, the study of city-level dynamics at short timescales has been challenging historically. Soci...
Resilience factors in youth transitioning out of foster care: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE Youth who emancipate from the foster care system often experience poor outcomes during their transition into independent living (e.g., criminal justice involvement and homelessness). Yet, some youth are resilient and achieve positive outcomes. The purpose of this study is to review the resilience factors identified in the literature for youth transitioning out of care. METHOD A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PsycINFO, PubMed, and EMBASE databases. A total of 12 studies met our inclusion criteria. RESULTS A total of 38 different resilience factors were identified across the studies reviewed. From these resilience factors, 18 were statistically significant, including four assets and 14 resources. CONCLUSION Understanding the assets and resources that promote resilience can aid clinicians in assessing and capitalizing on youths' strengths and can help researchers develop effective interventions and target gaps in the literature. Further, it can assist policymakers in generating legislation to improve outcomes for foster youth transitioning out of care. To assist in this process, we systematically reviewed studies to provide a summary of resilience factors currently identified in the literature. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
The Legal Domain: Article Nine

The main source of examples for the theory of argumentation developed in this book will be Article Nine of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) of the United States, covering “Secured Transactions”. Although quite complex in its entirety, Article Nine is relatively self-contained, so that I hope to be able to explain the code in sufficient depth for our purposes here within a few pages. The goal is to provide just enough information about Article Nine to allow non-lawyers to understand and appreciate the legal arguments we will be using as examples.1
Standard enthalpies of formation of selected XYZ half-Heusler compounds

Abstract The standard enthalpies of formation of selected ternary half-Heusler type compositions XYZ (X = Au, Co, Fe, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru; Y = Hf, Mn, Ti, Zr; Z = Ga, Sn) were measured using high temperature direct reaction calorimetry. The measured standard enthalpies of formation (in kJ/mole of atoms) of the half-Heusler compounds (prototype MgAgAs, Pearson symbol cF12, space group F-43m) are, IrMnSn (−29.4 ± 1.8); NiTiSn (−52.6 ± 2.4); PtHfSn (−98.8 ± 3.4); PtMnSn (−55.8 ± 2.6); PtTiSn (−93.6 ± 3.3); PtZrSn (−104.9 ± 3.8); for the B2 compound (prototype CsCl, Pearson symbol cP2, space group Pm-3m), RuMnGa (−26.9 ± 1.7); for the C1 structured (prototype CaF2, Pearson symbol cF12, space group Pm-3m) or the C1b structured compound IrMnGa (−40.9 ± 1.7). Indicative standard enthalpies of formation of the following compounds were obtained, half-Heusler compounds AuMnSn, CoTiSn, IrZrSn, NiHfSn, NiZrSn, PdHfSn, PdZrSn, RhTiSn; Heusler compound (prototype Cu2MnAl, Pearson symbol cF16, space group Fm-3m) RhMnSn; hexagonal compound (prototype BeZrSi, Pearson symbol hP6, space group P63/mmc) PtMnGa and another type of hexagonal compound (prototype RhHfSn, Pearson symbol hP18, space group P-62c) RhHfSn, IrZrsn, RhZrSn. Values were compared with ab initio calculations from AFLOW and OQMD. Lattice parameters of these compounds were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Microstructures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Selected alloys were further annealed to investigate phase transformations and phase relationships.
Ballet for Visually Handicapped Students

(1981). Ballet for Visually Handicapped Students. Journal of Physical Education and Recreation: Vol. 52, Including Leisure Today, pp. 25-29.
Global transport of passive tracers in conventional and superparameterized climate models: Evaluation of multi‐scale methods

[1] The global transport of the surface-emitted short-lived passive tracers radon and methyl iodide is simulated in a cloud-resolving Global Climate Model (GCM) for the first time and compared against simulations with a conventional GCM in which cloud processes are not resolved. Both models are operated in chemical transport mode in which the large scale flow is set to observationally derived dynamic and thermodynamic fields from a meteorological reanalysis. Simulated vertical profiles of tracers concentrations from both models are compared with profiles observed in situ. The comparisons suggest that the cloud-resolving GCM is, to a small degree, better than the conventional GCM in reproducing the vertical gradients and hence the convective entrainment and detrainment of passive tracers. Contrasting only simulated climatological maps of tracers concentrations from the two models, we find consistent and appreciable relative differences that create a quadrupole pattern in the vertical direction. Relative to the conventional GCM, the tracer concentrations from the cloud-resolving GCM results are depleted from the surface to 1 km and from 4 to 12 Km and enriched from 1 to 4 km and above 12 km. This might have important implications for climate and atmospheric chemistry simulations but require further investigations.
Rare adverse event monitoring of medical devices with the use of an automated surveillance tool.

Prospective outcomes surveillance using population level data allows for statistical methodologies and confounder adjustment not supported by the FDA’s current monitoring system. We explored propensity score matching integrated into an automated surveillance tool as a method for confounder adjustment in an observational cohort. The application analyzed all patients undergoing PCI via femoral access route from 2002–2006. The rare outcome of interest was retroperitoneal hemorrhage (RPH) and the device was a vascular closure device (VCD). A propensity score model was developed to match VCD and non-VCD match patients. Our tool was able to detect sustained elevations in RPH among those patients who received a VCD. A root cause analysis revealed an association between high femoral access and RPH which prompted an educational program to modify clinical practice. Our results suggest use of propensity score matching can play a useful role in computer-based surveillance of rare events in a prospective cohort.
The Enlightenment and its discontents: Antinomies of Christianity, Islam and the calculative sciences

Capitalism, religion and science (including calculative sciences such as accounting) have a long and turbulent relationship that, today, is manifest in the “War on Terror”. As social ideologies, religion and science have played a sometimes decisive influence in the history of capitalism. What can one learn from these past encounters to better understand their relationship today? This paper explores the historical origins of this relationship as a struggle over the ideals of the Enlightenment: – as decline of the modern and the rise of the postmodern. The paper begins by tracing the evolution of Christianities and their different potentials in both resisting and accommodating the extant social order. Islam, in contrast, has,until recently, enjoyed a relatively sheltered existence from capitalism, and today, some factions present a militant stance against the market and the liberal democratic state. Overall, the Enlightenment and modernist projects are judged to be jeopardy – a condition fostered by orthodox economics and accounting ideology, where it is now de rigueur to divide the secular from the non‐secular, the normative from the positive, and the ethical from the pragmatic or realist. Finally, the mechanisms behind this Enlightenment regression are examined here using literary analysis, as a modest prelude to developing a new politics for a progressive accounting; one that seeks to restore the integrity and probity of the Enlightenment Ideal.
Correlated substitution in paramagnetic Mn 2 + -doped ZnO epitaxial films

Epitaxial films of ${\text{Mn}}^{2+}$-doped ZnO were deposited by pulsed laser deposition on $\ensuremath{\alpha}{\text{-Al}}_{2}{\text{O}}_{3}(0001)$ using targets created from ${\text{Mn}}^{2+}$-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Using x-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism, Mn(II) was found to substitute for Zn(II) in the w\"urtzite ZnO lattice with only a paramagnetic dichroic component from the Mn and no magnetic component from either the O or Zn. The dichroism reveals that, while substitutional, the ${\text{Mn}}^{2+}$ distribution in the ZnO lattice is not stochastic. Rather, ${\text{Mn}}^{2+}$ has a tendency to substitute with higher effective local concentrations than anticipated from a stochastic doping model.
Abstract 4212: ADAM10/Kuzbanian is upregulated during neuroendocrine prostate carcinogenesis

Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA Prostate cancer (CaP) is the second leading cause of cancer death in men. Advanced prostate tumors often contain neuroendocrine differentiation, which correlates with androgen-independent progression and poor prognosis. Currently, androgen deprivation is the first line of therapy for metastatic CaP. However, CaP often progresses to an androgen-independent bone-metastatic stage, at which point chemotherapy and radiotherapy become the primary therapeutic options. Despite recent advances in therapeutic strategies, many cancers still develop resistance to radiation and therapies, making the identification of new therapies essential to improve the lives and survival rates of patients. We have studied neuroendocrine cancer progression in the cryptdin-2 SV40-TAg (CR2-TAg) mouse model of CaP. Since these cancers do not express androgen receptor, they are refractory to androgen therapy. Therefore, we sought new potential targets. We previously found that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are capable of degrading many extracellular matrix proteins and cell surface receptors, are upregulated during CR2-Tag tumor progression. In the present study, we examined expression of a family of a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs) that is actively involved in these signaling pathways due to their role in releasing the extracellular domain of transmembrane proteins. ADAMs contain features of both adhesive proteins and proteinases. ADAM10 activates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and NOTCH signaling systems controlling cell growth, invasion, and metastasis. We found that ADAM10 expression increased during tumor progression and was highly penetrant. We are quantifying the expression levels and localization patterns of ADAM10 in these samples over time. Since MMPs, like ADAMs, are capable of degrading many extracellular matrix proteins and cell surface receptors, we determined if MMPs (MMP 2, 7, and 9) contribute to ADAM10 expression or localization in aggressive hormone refractory CaP. We have stained for ADAM10 in tissue sections from the CR2-TAg mice that are each missing expression of MMPs to determine if that particular MMP contributes to ADAM10 expression or localization. Our research using ADAM10 localization as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target has potential clinical value to identify aggressive CaP earlier in patients. Our study of MMPs and their role in ADAM10 expression will offer insight into the mechanisms of advanced prostate tumor progression. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Brian D. Shannon, Laurie E. Littlepage. ADAM10/Kuzbanian is upregulated during neuroendocrine prostate carcinogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4212. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4212
Derivatization of Free Natural Glycans for Incorporation onto Glycan Arrays: Derivatizing Glycans on the Microscale for Microarray and Other Applications

Nature possesses an unlimited number and source of biologically-relevant natural glycans, many of which are too complicated to synthesize in the laboratory. To capitalize on the naturally-occurring plethora of glycans, we have developed a method to fluorescently tag the isolated free glycans, which maintains the closed-ring structure. After purification of the labeled glycans, they can be printed on a glass surface to create a natural glycan microarray, available for interrogation with potential glycan-binding proteins. The derivatization of these natural glycans has vastly expanded the number of glycans for functional studies.
Rapid response teams in teaching hospitals: Aligning efforts to improve medical education and quality

The use of RRTs in teaching hospitals raises impor-tant concerns. The ability of nurses and other profes-sionals to activate the RRT without need for priorapproval from a physician could potentially under-mine resident physician autonomy. Residents may feelthat their clinical judgment has been usurped or sec-ond guessed. Whether nurse led or physician led,RRTs always introduce new members to the careteam.
Filtering the Stochastic Skeleton Model for the Madden–Julian Oscillation

AbstractThe filtering and prediction of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and relevant tropical waves is a contemporary issue with significant implications for extended range forecasting. This paper examines the process of filtering the stochastic skeleton model for the MJO with noisy partial observations. A nonlinear filter, which captures the inherent nonlinearity of the system, is developed and judicious model error is included. Despite its nonlinearity, the special structure of this filter allows closed analytical formulas for updating the posterior states and is thus computationally efficient. A novel strategy for adding nonlinear observational noise to the envelope of convective activity is designed to guarantee its nonnegative property. Systematic calibration based on a cheap single-column version of the stochastic skeleton model provides a practical guideline for choosing the parameters in the full spatially extended system. With these column-tuned parameters, the full filter has a high overall ...
Utility of a brief screening tool to identify physicians in distress.

BACKGROUND Despite a high prevalence of distress, few physicians seek help. Earlier identification of physicians in distress has been hampered by the lack of a brief screening instrument to assess the common forms of distress.
Parenting and Adolescent Self-Esteem in Latino Intact Families, Stepfather Families, and Single-Mother Families

Abstract This study examined the relationships between perceived parenting behaviors (i.e., support, monitoring, punitiveness, and psychological control) and youth self-esteem in Latinos from three different types of family structures. S elf-report data were collected from 807 Latino youth from three high schools in Los Angeles. Correlations, multiple regressions, and dominance analyses were used, and separate analyses were conducted for both the mothers' and fathers' behaviors across the three family forms (i.e., intact, single-mother families, and stepfather families). Three primary findings emerged. First, parental psychological control and support contributed more to Latino youth self-esteem than monitoring and punitiveness in all three family forms. Next, the perceived parenting behaviors accounted for more variance in self-esteem in the intact families than the single-mother or stepfather families. And third, the parenting behaviors by the stepfather accounted for the least amount of variance in sel...
Banks grass mite (Oligonychus pratensis) abundance on sorghum cultivars with different levels of nitrogen use and metabolism efficiency

Banks grass mite (Oligonychus pratensis (Banks)), abundance was recorded for three years on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) cultivars with different levels of nitrogen (N) use and metabolism efficiency. The cultivars included 77CS1, SC630-11E, R6956, and SC325-12. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied to plots containing each cultivar at 0,45, and 180 kg Na ha−1. Significantly more mites were on plants at 180 kg N ha−1 than at 0 or 45 kg N ha−1. The lowest mite densities were recorded on SC325-12, the N-use-inefficient and N-metabolism-efficient cultivar. In July,O. pratensis abundance was statistically equivalent on SC325-12 and on R6956, the other N-metabolism-efficient cultivar. In August, mite densities on R6956 were as high as on 77CS1 and SC630-11E, which are N-metabolism-ineficient cultivars. Mite densities were lower on N-use-inefficient and N-metabolism-efficient sorghum cultivars than on their respective efficiency counterparts. Physiological differences in N-use and metabolism-inefficient cultivars may influence the amount of leaf N plus the amount and form of amino acids and other N-based chemicals in sorghum leaves. These plant chemicals have been shown to influence mite abundance on several hosts, and may have been key to influencing the results of these experiments.
Layout-Aware Switching Activity Localization to Enhance Hardware Trojan Detection

Government agencies and the semiconductor industry have raised serious concerns about malicious modifications to the integrated circuits. The added functionality known as hardware Trojan poses major detection and isolation challenges. This paper presents a new hardware trust architecture to magnify functional Trojans activity. Trojan detection resolution depends on Trojan activity directly and circuit activity reversely. The proposed architecture reorders scan cells based on their placement during physical design to reduce circuit switching activity by limiting it into a specific region. This helps magnify Trojan contribution to the total circuit transient power by increasing Trojan-to-circuit switching activity (TCA) and Trojan-to-circuit power consumption (TCP). The proposed technique aims to improve the efficiency of power-based side-channel signal analysis techniques for detecting hardware Trojans. Our simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the method in significantly increasing TCA and TCP.
Imputation of microsatellite alleles from dense SNP genotypes for parental verification.

Microsatellite (MS) markers have recently been used for parental verification and are still the international standard despite higher cost, error rate, and turnaround time compared with Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP)-based assays. Despite domestic and international interest from producers and research communities, no viable means currently exist to verify parentage for an individual unless all familial connections were analyzed using the same DNA marker type (MS or SNP). A simple and cost-effective method was devised to impute MS alleles from SNP haplotypes within breeds. For some MS, imputation results may allow inference across breeds. A total of 347 dairy cattle representing 4 dairy breeds (Brown Swiss, Guernsey, Holstein, and Jersey) were used to generate reference haplotypes. This approach has been verified (>98% accurate) for imputing the International Society of Animal Genetics (ISAG) recommended panel of 12 MS for cattle parentage verification across a validation set of 1,307 dairy animals.. Implementation of this method will allow producers and breed associations to transition to SNP-based parentage verification utilizing MS genotypes from historical data on parents where SNP genotypes are missing. This approach may be applicable to additional cattle breeds and other species that wish to migrate from MS- to SNP- based parental verification.
An automated system for use in collecting volatile chemicals released from plants.

A system is described for the collection of volatiles produced by plants that minimizes stress on the plant in an environment that is free from chemical impurities. Air entering a volatile collection chamber containing a plant is purified using a nonwoven fabric media infused with charcoal. A multitasking, computer-automated system is described that can simultaneously collect volatilized chemicals from plants as well as monitor and record environmental conditions associated with those collections. Collection of up to 16 samples can be made in varying sampling order, flow rates, and user-specified time periods, without disturbing the sampling environment. During the same time period, this system is capable of simultaneously monitoring up to eight environmental parameters using any type of sensor with electrical signal outputs. A multiport base assembly was designed to fit around the base of the plant permitting air samples to be collected at the bottom of the chamber. The chamber can pass ambient light so the plant may follow its natural photocycles. The entire system can be configured for continuous laboratory duty or portable field use by utilizing components that run on DC voltages. For the purpose of testing the system's performance, we determined the periodicity of the release of volatiles from red and yellow flowering four o'clock plants,Mirabilis jalaba (Nyctaginaceae). The major chemical released from four o'clocks was identified as ocimene. The onset of release occurred between 1400 and 1600 hr and increased with time with maximum amount of ocimene released during 1800–2000 hr, followed by a decrease in emission. No ocimene was detected after 2400 hr. Determination of the amount of ocimene released per flower was calculated for the 1800- to 2000-hr time period. Based on the number of open flowers during the 1800- to 2000-hr period, yellow four o'clock's released 80.9 (±7.3 SD) ng/hr/flower, while the red flowers released 51.9 (±7.0 SD) ng/hr/flower.