cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil extracellular traps exhibit no bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P1255)

In CF lungs, PMN are the dominant cell responding to bacterial infection in the lungs. However, PMNs are incapable of preventing chronic colonization and contribute to host damage by excessive release of granule contents and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) predominantly composed of DNA. It is currently unclear whether NETs serve to trap bacterial pathogens and, hence, facilitate bacterial colonization, or whether they have weak bactericidal activities. We investigated the kinetics, composition, and functional consequences of NET release in response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the most frequent bacterial colonizer of Cystic Fibrosis patients. We found that both non-mucoid and mucoid strains of P. aeruginosa were not sensitive to NET-mediated killing. This was not due to the inability of P. aeruginosa to induce NET formation by PMNs as NETs, released in response to P. aeruginosa, exhibited the typical NET composition. Overstimulation of NET release by PMA treatment prior to infection also failed to reduce the ability of P. aeruginosa to survive. Importantly, the presence of NETs hindered the bactericidal activity of complement. These findings suggest that targeting NETosis could provide an effective therapy for CF. To this end, we identified a host factor, termed, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, which facilitated PMN’s ability to NETose. Therefore, inhibiting MIF in this setting may be a significant innovation in therapy of CF lung disease.
Plaque attack: one hundred years of atherosclerosis in The American Journal of Pathology

Research articles on atherosclerosis have been well represented in The American Journal of Pathology (AJP), with more than 500 articles published since 1925. An initial focus on descriptive studies led to the proposal that atherosclerosis occurs as a response to vascular injury. With time, this view was modified by a greater understanding of the roles played by lipids and integrity of the vessel wall's constituent cells and matrix. AJP has been a major contributor to the field, publishing numerous seminal research papers and review articles on the latest advances in atherosclerosis. This Centennial Review highlights these myriad contributions.
A case for histologic verification of the diagnosis of atypical psoriasis before systemic therapy.

Psoriasis is largely a clinical diagnosis, and treatment can be initiated without histologic proof of diagnosis. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors revolutionized the treatment of recalcitrant and widespread psoriasis.1 TNF-α inhibitors are generally well tolerated but are not without potential treatment associated risks. Among these risks is an increased incidence of secondary malignancies during and after TNF-α inhibitor therapy, which is well documented in recent literature.2 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is the most common cutaneous lymphoma, but inflammatory skin diseases far exceed the prevalence of CTCL. The clinical features of mycosis fungoides (the most common variant of CTCL) can often resemble more common inflammatory dermatoses, and diagnosis can be delayed because of overlapping features.3, 4 Although the clinical course of early mycosis fungoides is generally indolent, some patients will experience systemic progression and life-threatening disease.5 Few cases of TNF-α inhibitor–induced, accentuated CTCL are known.6, 7, 8, 9 Here we present the unique case of adalimumab-induced rapid systemic progression of CTCL. This report highlights the importance of histologic confirmation in the diagnosis of atypical psoriasis before initiation of systemic immunosuppressive therapy.
Monomicrobial necrotizing fasciitis complicating pregnancy and puerperium.

Background : Necrotizing fasciitis is an uncommon, rapidly progressive, life-threatening infection involving the subcutaneous tissue and fascia. Usually, it is a synergistic polymicrobic infection that occurs in patients with coexisting factors predisposing them to bacterial inoculation and the spread of infection. Cases : We report a monomicrobial variant of necrotizing fasciitis affecting three otherwise healthy pregnant or postpartum women. The necrotizing fasciitis involved either the lower extremity or the abdominal wall. The causative bacteria were Streptococcus pyogenes (two cases) and Staphylococcus aureus (one). All patients presented with an acute fulminant infection, including one woman who died from overwhelming sepsis. Conclusion : These cases raise a question about the possible role of increased bacterial virulence and the immunologic changes of pregnancy as potential predisposing factors in the development of necrotizing fasciitis.
QUARK MODELS OF THE NUCLEAR FORCE

Quark models of the two-nucleon interaction are reviewed with particular emphasis on calculations in the MIT bag model.
The Effect of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes on the Neuroendocrine-Male Reproductive Tract Axis of the Adult Rat

Abstract Studies in the streptozotocin rat model for diabetes mellitus suggest that sexual dysfunction in these animals may result from diabetes-induced alterations of the neuroendocrine-reproductive tract axis. Our investigation was performed to better define the effects of diabetes on the neuroendocrine sex accessory organ axis in the male rat. Rats were rendered diabetic, and were either left untreated or treated with insulin, testosterone or both. Diabetes resulted in decreased body and reproductive organ weights, as well as diminished sperm counts and motility and prostatic acid phosphatase. Seminal fructose was increased. A significant decrease in serum LH, FSH and testosterone was noted. Insulin treatment of the diabetic rats restored serum gonadotropins, reproductive organ weight, sperm counts and motility, and seminal fructose to control levels. Prostatic weight and prostatic acid phosphatase levels remained abnormal. Testosterone restored the above mentioned parameters to control levels, with the exception of LH. Treatment with insulin and testosterone had a synergistic effect on spermatogenesis. A GnRH stimulation test demonstrated that pituitaries of diabetic animals had a blunted response, with diminished LH and FSH secretion. In the diabetic animal, there are both pituitary and testicular abnormalities which may be responsible for reproductive dysfunction.
FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE CONTROL OF GELATINOUS CURD DEFECTS OF COTTAGE CHEESE

Fruitiness, caused by growth of Pseudomonas fragi, was the defect that most commonly limited the storage life of commercial cottage cheese. Cultures of Pseudomonas fragi, Pseudomonas viscosa, and Alcaligenes metalcaligenes produced typical defects in cottage cheese at initial pH values as low as 4.6 and at temperatures as low as 3.5° C. Low temperature was very effective as a means of retarding the development of defects. Of the species studied, P. fragi was retarded least by low temperature. Violet red bile agar was found satisfactory for enumeration of the three species of bacteria.
From reliable weather forecasts to skilful climate response: A dynamical systems approach

While weather forecasting models can be tested by performing and evaluating many hindcasts, the limited observational record restricts the degree to which climate projections can be evaluated. Therefore a question of interest is: to what degree can we evaluate the potential skill of a climate model's response to forcing by assessing the reliability of short‐range weather and seasonal forecasts produced by the same model? We address this question using a dynamical systems framework. We use linear response theory to provide the mean climate response of a general dynamical system to a small external forcing. We relate this response to the reliability of initial value forecasts. We find that, in order to capture the mean climate response, the forecast model must correctly represent the slowest evolving modes of variability in the system. The reliability of forecasts on seasonal and longer time‐scales, which is sensitive to the representation of these slow modes, could therefore indicate if the forecast model has the correct climate sensitivity and so will respond correctly to an applied external forcing. In this way, the skill of initialized forecasts could act as an ‘emergent constraint’ on climate sensitivity. However, we also highlight that unreliable seasonal forecasts do not necessarily indicate an incorrect climate projection. This is because correctly representing rapidly evolving modes is also necessary for reliable seasonal forecasts.
A 40nm Low-Power Logic Compatible Phase Change Memory Technology

An embedded phase change memory technology in 40nm low-power logic platform is demonstrated with minimal added process complexity - two non-critical additional masks over standard logic. Specially designed hard mask and etching process was used to achieve 50% shrinkage of the memory cell bottom electrode dimension with same lithography tooling as the 40nm logic platform. Bottom electrode CD shrinkage along with optimization of the electrode materials in terms of electrical and thermal conductivity enabled significant (∼4x) write current reduction attaining competitive levels of $\sim 300\ \mu\mathrm{A}$ at 40nm BE CD. Embedded PCM cells reported in this work demonstrated over 100x memory window - (RESET/SET resistance switching ratio), over 200k cycling endurance with extrapolated 10 year retention at 120 °C. In this work not only large switching resistance ratios but also highly-controllable resistance values that are almost independent of the PCM starting resistance state are presented along with the corresponding programing pulse requirements. The switching resistance ratio and resistance value controllability are key features for neural network and compute-in-memory applications. In this work, their benefits on design margins for energy efficient high-density binary neural network for inference applications aiming accuracy levels of well over 90% is asserted over an MNIST dataset.
Examination of the factorial structure of the positive youth development Program Quality Competency Questionnaire using responses from youth development professionals across the U.S.

This study established a research instrument, Program Quality Competency Questionnaire (PQCQ), to measure the perceptions of youth development professionals about program theory, program management...
Experimental Results in Acoustic Communications Under Shore-Fast Greenland Ice

A small experimental network of ocean sensors linked by acoustic communications was tested in March-April of 2017 in shore-fast ice near Thule Air Base in northern Greenland. The objective was to simultaneously test a real-time communications system for linking together under-ice sensors, and also to gather synoptic oceanographic and acoustic data to be used for improving under-ice propagation modeling. The acoustics portion of the experiment included tests at ranges from 3 to 35 km at a carrier frequency of 3.5 kHz at data rates from approximately 120-1200 bits per second. Initial results from the Micro-Modem real-time hardware used in the Thule test showed reliable links at 20-25 km at most data rates, and moderate connectivity from 25-35 km, depending on the specific path and data rate. The communications performance is governed by several factors including: the relative depth of source and receiver, the location within the fiords and proximity to glacial fronts with varying sound-speed profiles, pinniped (seal) vocalizations, pier-side machinery noise and occasional random impulsive noise events attributed to iceberg movement. The results show good link stability despite a spatially-variant sound speed field resulting from mixing of glacial and ocean waters.
Profundo Carmesí: Blood Weddings in Contemporary Mexico

Blood, clearly associated with death, can also function as a means of dramatizing Mexican bodies and sensibilities that are in a state of continuous construction and revision. These bodies form problematic unions with those whose entry into the Mexican imaginary is prohibited. As the history of death in Mexico has been thoroughly studied, I instead chart the history of blood in Mexico through an analysis of contemporary cultural artifacts in which blood plays a crucial role. I read scenes from film (specifically the Arturo Ripstein’s Principio y Fin and Profundo Carmesi), journalism, literature, and television, in which blood constitutes a material—not just a metaphorical element. That is, in these examples blood marks, signals, and even bathes Mexico’s bodies, contested alliances, taboos, and contradictions. I am particularly interested in the female body, as it is the most vulnerable to contemporary violence. While some of these appropriations of blood mark or denounce the disposability of bodies, others banalize and, worse, disarticulate and even decorporealize the female body. Blood has become a favorite material for staging Mexico’s bodily politics and, as I will demonstrate, the smallest unit of contemporary citizenship.
Effect of antibiotic use prior to or concurrent with immune checkpoint inhibitors on outcomes in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma.

8030Background: There is growing interest in the identification of modifiable patient-specific factors that may predict response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in classical Hodgkin lymphoma...
Analysis of Beneficial Bacterial Populations from Chinese Longbeans

Chinese Longbean (Vigna unguiculate (L.) Walp. Ssp. Sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc.) is a crop plant that originated in the southern Asia region from domestication of Cowpea. Longbeans are now grown in Asia, Europe, and North America as a food source and for ornamental applications. Longbean pods, leaves, and stems are edible and the violet-blue flowers with draping pods are a useful ornamental. Despite their popularity, little information is known about the beneficial bacteria associated with this productive alternative food crop. The objectives of this project were to detect, enumerate, and identify beneficial Methylobacterium spp. on the leaves and symbiotic rhizobia spp. in the root nodules. The long-term goal is to develop natural agricultural biologicals that support the growth of crop plants. For this study, longbean plants were divided into two groups and cultivated in a garden setting (summer 2018) and a greenhouse setting (fall 2018). For Methylobacterium detection, macerated leaves were plated on selective agar containing methanol and incubated for seven days at 25oC. Pink colonies typical for Methylobacterium spp. were counted and identified using cultural, microscopic, and molecular identification. Leaf samples were also plated on Plate Count Agar to determine total bacterial count. For rhizobia detection, root nodules were surface sterilized, crushed, plated on Congo Red Yeast Extract Mannitol Agar (CRYMA), and incubated for fourteen days at 25oC. Suspected rhizobia colonies were counted and identified using cultural, microscopic, and molecular identification. Interestingly, Root-nodule rhizobia were identified as Bradyrhizobium spp. Two types of Bradyrhizobium spp. were isolated from nodules but only one sp. type per nodule. The typical Bradyrhizobium sp. (elkanii) was found in a majority of nodules. The atypical Bradyrhizobium sp. (japonicum) was found in an occasional nodule. Heterotrophic bacterial counts for greenhouse longbeans were slightly higher (43 CFU /g leaf x 106) versus the garden setting (36 CFU /g leaf x 106). The Methylobacterium counts for greenhouse-grown longbeans (8.7 CFU /g leaf x 104) were much lower versus the garden longbean plants 1230 CFU /g leaf x 104). The root-nodule rhizobia bacterial count for greenhouse longbeans was slightly lower (9.8 CFU / nodule x 106) than the garden longbeans plants (16.0 CFU/ nodule x 106). Although none of the bacterial count comparisons were statistically significant due to variability, there was clearly a trend that growth conditions impact Methylobacterium counts on longbeans. This is the first report on detection and identification of beneficial Methylobacterium and Bradyrhizobium spp. associated with the productive alternative food crop Chinese Longbeans. It is also unusual to find two different rhizobia species form a symbiosis with the same crop plant. The beneficial bacterial species isolated from productive longbeans can be used to develop natural microbial inoculants that support the growth of other crop plants.
Global simulations of tidal disruption event disc formation via stream injection in GRRMHD

We use the general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamics code \verb=KORAL= to simulate the early stages of accretion disk formation resulting from the tidal disruption of a solar mass star around a super massive black hole (BH) of mass $10^6\,M_\odot$. We simulate the disruption of artificially more bound stars with orbital eccentricity $e\leq0.99$ (compared to the more realistic case of parabolic orbits with $e=1$) on close orbits with impact parameter $\beta\geq3$. We use a novel method of injecting the tidal stream into the domain. For two simulations, we choose $e=0.99$ and inject mass at a rate that is similar to realistic TDEs. We find that the disk only becomes mildly circularized with eccentricity $e\approx0.6$ within the $3.5$ days that we simulate. The rate of circularization is faster for pericenter radii that come closer to the BH. The emitted radiation is mildly super-Eddington with $L_{\rm{bol}}\approx3-5\,L_{\rm{Edd}}$ and the photosphere is highly asymmetric with the photosphere being significantly closer to the inner accretion disk for viewing angles near pericenter. We find that soft X-ray radiation with $T_{\rm{rad}} \approx 3-5\times 10^5$ K may be visible for chance viewing angles. Our simulations predict that TDEs should be radiatively inefficient with $\eta\approx0.009-0.014$. These are the first simulations which simultaneously capture the stream, disk formation, and emitted radiation.
Efficacy of a Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention to Promote HIV Risk Reduction Behaviors Among Young Adults Experiencing Homelessness: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: People experiencing homelessness have higher rates of HIV than those who are stably housed. Mental health needs, substance use problems, and issues unique to homelessness such as lack of shelter and transiency need to be considered with regard to HIV prevention. To date, HIV prevention interventions for young adults experiencing homelessness have not specifically addressed modifiable real-time factors such as stress, sexual or drug use urge, or substance use, or been delivered at the time of heightened risk. Real-time, personalized HIV prevention messages may reduce HIV risk behaviors. Objective: This pilot study tested the initial efficacy of an innovative, smartphone-based, just-in-time adaptive intervention that assessed predictors of HIV risk behaviors in real time and automatically provided behavioral feedback and goal attainment information. Methods: A randomized attention control design was used among young adults experiencing homelessness, aged 18-25 years, recruited from shelters and drop-in centers in May 2019. Participants were randomized to either a control or an intervention group. The intervention (called MY-RID [Motivating Youth to Reduce Infection and Disconnection]) consisted of brief messages delivered via smartphone over 6 weeks in response to preidentified predictors that were assessed using ecological momentary assessments. Bayesian hierarchical regression models were used to assess intervention effects on sexual activity, drug use, alcohol use, and their corresponding urges. Results: Participants (N=97) were predominantly youth (mean age 21.2, SD 2.1 years) who identified as heterosexual (n=51, 52%), male (n=56, 57%), and African American (n=56, 57%). Reports of sexual activity, drug use, alcohol use, stress, and all urges (ie, sexual, drug, alcohol) reduced over time in both groups. Daily drug use reduced by a factor of 13.8 times over 6 weeks in the intervention group relative to the control group (Multimedia Appendix 4). Lower urges for sex were found in the intervention group relative to the control group over the duration of the study. Finally, there was a statistically significant reduction in reports of feeling stressed the day before between the intervention and control conditions (P=.03). Conclusions: Findings indicate promising intervention effects on drug use, stress, and urges for sex in a hard-to-reach, high-risk population. The MY-RID intervention should be further tested in a larger randomized controlled trial to further investigate its efficacy and impact on sexual risk behaviors. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03911024; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03911024
Making waves: Pathogen inactivation by electric field treatment: From liquid food to drinking water

Abstract Conventional water disinfection with chlorine is limited by the inconvenience of their transportation and storage and by the production of potentially harmful disinfection by-products (DBPs). Electric field treatment (EFT), formally studied for food processing, inactivates pathogens by damaging cell membranes through irreversible electroporation. Electroporation is a physical phenomenon, which potentially avoids the use of chemical disinfectants and the formation of DBPs. Nevertheless, EFT has rarely been considered to disinfect water, let alone large-scale industrial applications. In this article, we aim to discuss the feasibility of EFT as an alternative drinking water disinfection technology. We briefly summarize the recent advances of EFT for pathogen inactivation with a focus on industrial applications in food processing. Subsequently, we introduce the basics of EFT and analyze its feasibility to be implemented in water disinfection. We believe that EFT has the potential to become a competitive candidate in the technology toolbox of water disinfection. High energy consumption is identified as the major barrier, which can potentially be overcome by reducing the distance between the electrodes or applying a locally enhanced electric field. Lastly, we discuss the research needs and call for actions of researchers in different disciplines to promote the implementation of EFT in water disinfection.
Fauna from the Hulme Site and Comments on Central Plains Tradition Subsistence Variability

The Hulme site is a Central Plains tradition (Upper Republican phase) homestead on the upland divide between the Platte and Loup River basins in Central Nebraska. The identified vertebrate sample varies from those recovered at similar sites in that it contains a high proportion ofpronghom antelope and deer with only a small fraction assigned to bison. The balance is a diverse collection offish, reptile, bird, and small mammal remains. The sample may represent one solution to dryer conditions of the Pacific climatic episode. Evidently poorer forage resulted in reduction or displacement of locally avail able bison herds and an increase in pronghom in some portions of central Nebraska. Hulme residents positioned themselves in a topographic setting amenable to procurement of upland pronghom herds as well as stream terrace deer and other fauna. The abundance of scapula digging tools with little other bison remains, indicates residents were hunting bison but at a great distance from the site, or that they were acquiring scapulae via trade. Consideration of Hulme with contemporaneous faunas suggests the meat portion of the Central Plains tradition diet was quite diverse and variable.
A Probabilistic Approach to Fuzzy Engineering Economic Analysis

Techniques for ranking simple fuzzy numbers are abundant in the literature. However, we lack efficient methods for comparing complex fuzzy numbers that are generated by fuzzy engineering economic analyses. In this chapter a probabilistic approach is taken instead of the usual fuzzy set manipulations. The Mellin transform is introduced to compute the mean and the variance of a complex fuzzy number. The fuzzy number with the higher mean is to be ranked higher. Two fuzzy cash flow analyses and a fuzzy multiple attribute decision analysis are illustrated in order to demonstrate the suitability of the probabilistic approach. A real beauty of the approach is that it can accommodate all types of fuzzy numbers such as uniform, triangular, or trapezoidal simultaneously, and all computations are easily calculated in the spreadsheet.
Nursing organizational structures in acute care hospital settings

Contingency theory of organizational design (Lawrence and Lorsch, 1967) proposes that organizations are influenced by the environment in which they exist. The purpose of this study was to utilize the contingency theory as a theoretical framework in examining the structure, environment and quality of care variables. The research methodology implemented was developed by the Aston Group (Pugh et al., 1968, 1969). Concepts in organizational design were utilized to describe the nursing organizational structures currently implemented by nursing directors. Variables perceived by nursing directors about nursing organizational structures were identified. Nursing organizational environment and structures were examined. Lastly, the relationship between the RN/patient ratio and nursing organizational structure was examined. It was also found that the RN/patient ratio had no relationship to the degree of centralization, specialization and formalization. It was hypothesized that the inverse relationships between size and centralization and specialization were associated with the high percent of professional staff in nursing departments. Because of the professional identity of the personnel, less centralization may have been needed and limited division of labor occurred. Further research is needed to support or refute these notions. It was hypothesized that rural nursing departments had higher degrees of specialization most likely due to the fewer number and diversity of professional staff available to the rural hospitals. Further research needs to carried out to explore this notion
Long-Term Care Medicine: A Pocket Guide, edited by Pamela Fenstemacher and Peter Winn

Long-Term Care Medicine: A Pocket Guide is a compilation of works edited by Pamela Fenstemacher and Peter Winn, written as a clinical practice guide for the physician in the long-term care setting....
Chapter 29 Price Bubbles in Large Financial Asset Markets

Publisher Summary This chapter documents some open-book call asset markets that have a very large number of traders relative to traditional laboratory markets. The markets were conducted as out-of-class fully computerized extra-credit exercises in microeconomic theory classes at Indiana University. Students could access the market software at a time of their own choosing and as often as they wanted during each trading round in order to view the market bid and ask arrays, the tentative market price and volume, and edit their personal bid or ask. All traders in a particular market received the same initial endowment of asset shares and cash. A common dividend was declared at the end of each round and all traders in the market had the same rectangular dividend distribution. Performance-based extra-credit points were awarded using a rank-order tournament focusing on the traders' final cash holdings.
Mobile Communication and Society: A Global Perspective

Castells, M., Fernandez-Ardevol, M., Qiu, J. L., & Sey, A. (2007). Mobile communication and society: A global perspective. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. This theoretically hybrid, statistically sig...
A combination tranquilizer-mechanical restraining procedure facilitating experimental studies in the rabbit

Abstract A simply -designed tie-down board was used after chemical tranquilization to facilitate knee radiography in rabbits. A consistent planar relationship between both hind limbs was achieved that was essential to the particular study. See-through Plexiglas material was ideal for construction of the board as it permitted easy positioning of the part to be X-rayed over the film. It could also be easily cleaned and disinfected. Rabbits were readily immobilized without discomfort and the risk of general anesthesia.
Bond Graph Based Approach to Passive Teleoperation of a Hydraulic Backhoe

Human operated, hydraulic actuated machines are widely used in many high-power applications. Improving productivity, safety and task quality (e.g., haptic feedback in a teleoperated scenario) has been the focus of past research. For robotic systems that interact with the physical environments, passivity is a useful property for ensuring safety and interaction stability. While passivity is a well utilized concept in electromechanical robotic systems, investigation of electrohydraulic control systems that enforce this passivity property are rare. This paper proposes and experimentally demonstrates a teleoperation control algorithm that renders a hydraulic backhoe/force feedback joystick system as a two-port, coordinated, passive machine. By fully accounting for the fluid compressibility, inertia dynamics and nonlinearity, coordination performance is much improved over a previous scheme in which the coordination control approximates the hydraulic system by its kinematic behavior. This is accomplished by a novel bond graph based three step design methodology: (1) energetically invariant transformation of the system into a pair of “shape” and “locked” subsystems; (2) inversion of the shape system bond graph to derive the coordination control law; (3) use of the locked system bond graph to derive an appropriate control law to achieve a target locked system dynamics while ensuring the passivity property of the coordinated system. The proposed passive control law has been experimentally verified for its bilateral energy transfer ability and performance enhancements.
Hydrochlorothiazide-induced angioedema in a patient allergic to sulfonamide antibiotics: evidence from a case report and a review of the literature.

Abstract Background: Hypersensitivity reactions in patients receiving sulfonamide antibiotics have been frequently documented in the literature, but cross-reactivity with sulfonamide nonantibiotics rarely has been reported. Case summary: An 82-year-old woman with a history of hypersensitivity reactions to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim resulting in angioedema and rash presented to the emergency department (ED) with angioedema and severe dysphagia, shortness of breath, and rash after receiving valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) for 4 months. Valsartan was identified as the most likely cause of the symptoms and was discontinued; however, the patient continued to have weekly episodes of angioedema and eventually returned to the ED. HCTZ was discontinued at the second ED visit, and the angioedema disappeared. However, it reappeared after reinitiation of HCTZ, and the patient returned to the ED again; this time with more severe symptoms. After the third ED visit and second hospitalization, HCTZ was permanently discontinued, and the angioedema has not returned. HCTZ was the definite cause of angioedema in this patient based on a score of 9 on the 10-point Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale. Conclusions: Although the probability of true cross-reactivity is not known, clinicians should be aware that an allergic-like reaction to sulfonamide-containing nonantibiotics may occur in patients with known allergies to sulfonamide-containing antibiotics. These patients should be monitored closely when receiving these drugs. Further evaluation is needed to determine whether angioedema should be added to the list of adverse events associated with HCTZ.
Threat-aware path planning in uncertain urban environments

This paper considers the path planning problem for an autonomous vehicle in an urban environment populated with static obstacles and moving vehicles with uncertain intents. We propose a novel threat assessment module, consisting of an intention predictor and a threat assessor, which augments the host vehicle's path planner with a real-time threat value representing the risks posed by the estimated intentions of other vehicles. This new threat-aware planning approach is applied to the CL-RRT path planning framework, used by the MIT team in the 2007 DARPA Grand Challenge. The strengths of this approach are demonstrated through simulation and experiments performed in the RAVEN testbed facilities.
Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9: An Active Comet

The important elements of the debate over the activity versus dormancy of comet Shoemaker Levy 9 (S-L 9) are reviewed. It is argued that the circularity of the isophotes in the inner comae of S-L 9 as well as the spatial dependencies of the comae brightness profiles are indicators of sustained dust production by S-L 9. It is also shown that the westward tail orientations, which were formerly interpreted as a sign of the comet's dormancy, are not a good indicator of either activity or dormancy. Rather, the tail orientations simply place constraints on the dust production rate for grains smaller than approx. equals 5(micron). All the available evidence points to S-L 9 as having been an active, dust-producing comet. Synthetic images of an active comet are fitted to Hubble Space Telescope images of the S-L 9 fragment K, and its grain size and outflow velocity distributions are extracted. These findings show that the appearance of the dust coma was dominated by large grains having radii between approx. equals 30 (micron) and approx. equals 3 mm, produced at a rate of M approx. equals 22 kg/ s, and ejected at outflow velocities of approx. equals 0.5 m/ s. Only upper limits on the production rates of smaller grains are obtained. The nucleus of fragment K was not observed directly but its size is restricted to lie within a rather narrow interval 0.4 less than or equal to Rf less than or equal to 1.2 km.
Wheat response and residual soil properties following subsoiling of a sandy loam in eastern Montana

Shallow tillage pans resulting from the use of the same tillage tools may lead to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield reductions. We hypothesized that occasional deep tillage to fracture shallow tillage pans would improve water utilization and result in increased wheat yield. Our hypothesis was tested by comparing paired crop and soil responses on plots that were subsoiled using a paratill (PT) or not subsoiled (NOPT). Soil was a Dooley sandy loam (US soil taxonomy: fine-loamy, mixed Typic Argiboroll; FAO taxonomy: Kastanozem) derived in glacial till near Culbertson, Montana, USA. Effects of PT or NOPT were compared in a long-term cropping study that included annual wheat using no tillage (NT), annual wheat using fall and spring tillage (FST) and wheat rotated with fallow (FWCT). Plots that were subsoiled (PT) were paratilled once in autumn 1992 to about 0.3 m deep. Cone index of the top 0.3 m of soil 2.5 years after subsoiling was lower on PT (891 kPa) compared with NOPT (981 kPa). Soil bulk density was 1.34 Mg M-3 on PT and 1.36 Mg m -3 on NOPT plots. Final water infiltration rate averaged 15 mm h- on PT and 6 mm h - I on NOPT plots for nine months after subsoiling. Average water content of the top 1.2 m of soil in the spring of the year was 21 mm greater on PT than on NOPT plots. There were no differences due to treatments in wheat yield; average grain yield was 1820 kg ha ' on annual wheat plots and 2380 kg ha -1 on wheat/fallow plots. Residual effects of subsoiling on soil properties were detected for 2.5 years after subsoiling, but soil changes attributed to subsoiling had no effect on wheat yield. � 1999 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
The relationship of the pituicyte to the posterior lobe hormones.

When adult male white rats were dehydrated either by the withholding of water or by the administration of a 2.5% sodium chloride solution an increase in mitotic activity of pituicytes was noted. Cell counts indicated that the number of mitotic figures increased until a peak was reached (at four days for the NaCl treated animals and six days for the water-deprived animals) after which the mitotic activity gradually returned to normal even though dehydration was continued. If these results are combined with the numerous observations of pituicyte changes under a variety of conditions in which posterior pituitary factors are known to be released, it would appear that a more than coincidental relationship exists between the activity of the pituicyte and the release mechanism. Further, a comparison of the morphological and pharmacological events which obtain during dehydration leads to the conclusion that the function of the pituicyte is broader than one of support.
Automated thinning of road networks and road labels for multiscale design of The National Map of the United States

This paper reports on progress in generalization and selective feature removal for a subset of fundamental base map layers that enables competent mapping through scales ranging from 1:24,000 to 1:1...
A Retrospective Analysis of Recommendations for Workplace Accommodations for Persons With Mobility and Sensory Limitations

Many studies of workplace accommodations have primarily focused on a particular disability or functional limitation. The need exists for a broad-based study of the types and frequency of accommodations recommended for a variety of functional limitations, including multiple limitations. The researchers conducted a retrospective analysis of 266 persons who received vocational rehabilitation assessment to determine the frequency and types of recommended workplace accommodations. Computer systems/components and special tools/furnishings were the most frequently reported types of recommendations, regardless of functional limitation, whereas adaptive strategies were least likely to be suggested. In general, most job accommodation recommendations targeted the individual work space and were intended to assist in the completion of specific job tasks. Findings indicate that recommendations for workplace accommodations were surprisingly similar across all functional limitation groups.
Abstract 5604: Targeting survivin (BIRC5) with YM155 for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most frequent cancer worldwide and five-year survival rate (<50%) is among the lowest of the major cancers. Treatment of advanced head and neck tumors remains a challenging clinical problem, due to the persisting high rate of local and distant failure. Currently, many advanced stage head and neck tumors are being treated with concurrent chemoradiation therapy but this treatment regimen is often associated with significant toxicity. Recent research efforts have attempted to develop targeted tumor-specific therapies to minimize normal tissue toxicity but maximize therapeutic benefits. One such potential target for HNSCC is survivin (a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family), which is often overexpressed in HNSCC. Our results demonstrate that survivin is significantly upregulated in HNSCC cell lines as compared to normal oral keratinocytes. In this study, we used two cisplatin resistant cell lines; one naturally occurring cisplatin resistant cell line (UM-SCC-74A) and a second cell line (CAL27-PT) that was developed in the laboratory by subjecting a sensitive HNSCC cell line (CAL-27) to multiple rounds of cisplatin treatment. Interestingly, acquisition of cisplatin resistance by CAL27-PT resulted in further increase of survivin expression as compared to the parental cell line. Therefore, we hypothesize that targeting of survivin protein in advanced HNSCC could reverse the resistant phenotype in tumor cells thereby enhancing the therapeutic efficacy cisplatin treatment. We used both in vitro and in vivo models to test the efficacy of YM155, a small molecule survivin inhibitor, either as a single agent or in combination with cisplatin treatment. YM155 treatment significantly decreased survivin expression in a dose-dependent manner and significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and colony formation ability of UM-SCC-74A and CAL27-PT cells. In addition, YM155 markedly enhanced the anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects of cisplatin. This combination treatment was very effective in inducing tumor cell apoptosis as measured by Annexin V staining. In a SCID mouse xenograft model, YM155 significantly enhanced the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects of cisplatin treatment with no added systemic toxicity. Taken together, our results suggest a potentially novel strategy to use YM155 to overcome the resistance in tumor cells thereby enhancing the effectiveness of the chemotherapy in HNSCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5604. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5604
Quality of Life and Health-Related Quality of Life over 1 Year in Older Women: Monitoring Stability and Reliability of Measurement

Assessing quality of life (QOL) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in older adults is important. Yet, limited research is available on the stability of these constructs and the psychometric properties of QOL [e.g., Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)] and HRQOL [e.g., Short-Form 12 Health Survey (SF-12)] measures in this population. Such knowledge is important for designing and interpreting interventions. We examined stability of QOL (SWLS) and HRQOL (SF-12) and their test–retest reliability, measurement error, and interpretability over 1 year in older Black and White women (n = 230). Stability and reliability were ascertained through paired sample t tests and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Standard error of measurement and coefficient of variation assessed measurement error. Smallest detectable change estimated score interpretability. QOL and HRQOL remained stable; ICC values indicated moderate reliability for the SWLS and SF-12 (SWLS = 0.73, SF-12 Physical Composite Summary = 0.69, SF-12 Mental Composite Summary = 0.58). Measurement error and interpretability estimates were similar for both the SWLS and SF-12. Interpretability estimates indicated a change in score of around 33 % may represent an important change. We provide novel data for selecting and interpreting QOL and HRQOL measures contributing to a better understanding of intervention efficacy.
Reduction of micro-bridging defects for 193nm immersion resist

Factors such as post-develop hydrophobicity, polymer aggregation and acid diffusion length are driving forces in the formation of micro bridging defects. In this report, solutions for each possible cause are proposed and tested. It is proven that micro-bridging levels can be significantly reduced through a multi-tiered approach.
Quality improvement within Institutional Review Boards

Quality Assurance or Quality Improvement (QA/QI) programs are an internal means of evaluating organizational performance. While the QA/QI process exists in many organizations, it is less common among Institutional Review Boards (IRBs), whose function is to review all research activities in an institution with regard to patient safety. Several studies offer examples of rudimentary QA/QI efforts in the area of IRB stipulations (required revisions to research submissions), which appear to be the initial frontiers of such activities for IRBs. However, broader types of activities might be undertaken by IRBs and these activities may now be guided by several organizations. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relationships between p63 Binding, DNA Sequence, Transcription Activity, and Biological Function in Human Cells

Using tiled microarrays covering the entire human genome, we identify approximately 5800 target sites for p63, a p53 homolog essential for stratified epithelial development. p63 targets are enriched for genes involved in cell adhesion, proliferation, death, and signaling pathways. The quality of the derived DNA sequence motif for p63 targets correlates with binding strength binding in vivo, but only a small minority of motifs in the genome is bound by p63. Conversely, many p63 targets have motif scores expected for random genomic regions. Thus, p63 binding in vivo is highly selective and often requires additional factors beyond the simple protein-DNA interaction. There is a significant, but complex, relationship between p63 target sites and p63-responsive genes, with DeltaNp63 isoforms being linked to transcriptional activation. Many p63 binding regions are evolutionarily conserved and/or associated with sequence motifs for other transcription factors, suggesting that a substantial portion of p63 sites is biologically relevant.
Dirhodium tetracarboxylate scaffolds as reversible fluorescence-based nitric oxide sensors.

We report the synthesis and characterization of dirhodium tetracarboxylate complexes [Rh2(μ-O2CR)4(L)2], with R = Me and L = dansyl-imidazole (Ds-im) or dansyl-piperazine (Ds-pip). The fluorophores coordinate to the axial sites of the dirhodium core through the imidazole or piperazine N-atom and emit only weakly when excited at 365 or 345 nm for the Ds-im and Ds-pip complexes, respectively. These fluorophore-containing complexes were investigated for their ability to elicit a fluorescence response in the presence of NO. An immediate increase in fluorescence emission of greater than 15-fold occurs when NO is admitted to solutions containing [Rh2(μ-O2CMe)4] and Ds-pip or Ds-im. In both systems, the fluorescence response, which arises by NO-induced displacement of the axially coordinated fluorophore, is reversible with a sensitivity of ∼4 μM. The related dinitrosyl complexes [Rh2(μ-O2CR)4(NO)2], where R = Me, Et, or n-Pr, were prepared, structurally characterized, and found to be air-stable, losing NO upon s...
Anti‐racist Practice and the Work of Community Food Organizations

Whiteness enables the coherence of an alliance organized to promote community food security and sustainable farming. This unnamed presence shapes a discourse identifying the focus of struggle as well as resource allocation, conference form and content, list serv discussions, staffing and programming. Unacknowledged white privilege gives the lie to the movement's rhetoric of justice, good intentions and sustainability. And yet it is clear that racism is an organizing process in the food system: people of color disproportionately experience food insecurity, lose their farms and face the dangerous work of food processing and agricultural labor. Critical analyses of social movements argue that a failure to confront difference undermines progressive change efforts. The paper provides evidence of how the community food movement reproduces white privilege and proposes ways it might engage with anti-racism.
Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of a Verapamil-Sensitive Ventricular Tachycardia

A 14-year-old girl with palpitations was found to have idiopathic ventricular tachycardia of right bundle block morphology and superior axis. She was converted by intravenous verapamil but was not responsive to oral verapamil therapy. She was successfully treated by radiofrequency catheter ablation.
Rufinamide: A Novel Broad-Spectrum Antiepileptic Drug

The last 20 years have witnessed a tremendous explosion in the number of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) as well as the introduction of AEDS developed for specific epilepsy syndromes. The study of the efficacy and side effect profile of AEDs for unique epilepsy syndromes has allowed neurologists to utilize evidence-based medicine when treating patients. In late 2008, the Food and Drug Administration approved rufinamide for adjunctive use in the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox–Gastaut syndrome. This unique chemical compound is also the first new AED to reach the market in the United States having a pediatric indication prior to approval for adults. Rufinamide appears to have a broad spectrum of efficacy, is well tolerated, and may be rapidly initiated—properties that will likely extend its use outside of Lennox–Gastaut syndrome.