cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mechlorethamine gel for the topical treatment of stage IA and IB mycosis fungoides-type cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is an extranodal non-Hodgkins lymphoma of T-cell origin. MF is the most common type and can be stratified as early (IA-IIA) or late (IIB or greater) stage disease. Patients with patch disease usually have a benign, chronic course. Patients with plaques have a worse prognosis and need more aggressive therapy. Topical nitrogen mustard ([NM]; mechlorethamine hydrochloride) has been used for MF since the 1950s. Complete response rates reported for stage IA are 76–80% and 35–68% for stage IB. Most common toxicities reported are irritant contact dermatitis, allergic reaction and hyperpigmentation. There is a potential for risk of non-melanoma skin cancers reported with NM use in patients who used multiple skin damaging therapies. This article focuses on the clinical trial that led to the US FDA approval of VALCHLOR™ for stage IA and IB MF in 2013 after one prior treatment (excluding NM within 2 years or carmustine therapy ever).
Behavioral performance of tfm mice supports the beneficial role of androgen receptors in spatial learning and memory

In adulthood, androgens and androgen receptors might contribute to the sexually dimorphic performance in spatial learning and memory, but their roles seem complex. To study the potential role of androgen receptors in spatial learning and memory, we tested adult 6-8-month-old mutant mice with a naturally occurring defect in the androgen receptor gene (testicular feminization mutant or tfm) and C57Bl/6J wild-type mice. Because the trait is X-linked, only tfm males are completely androgen insensitive while female tfm mice are heterozygous, carrying one wild-type and one tfm copy of the androgen receptor. Here we show that female tfm carrier mice outperform tfm male mice in the water maze, while there are no gender differences in water maze performance in wild-type mice. In tfm mice, there were no gender differences in measures of anxiety in the open field or plus maze or sensorimotor function, indicating that potential differences in these measures did not contribute to the differences observed in the water maze. There were no differences in tfm and wild-type female and male mice in emotional learning and memory in the passive avoidance test. These findings support a beneficial role for androgen receptors in spatial learning and memory.
culture and class among the “large” farmers of eastern Ireland

Since the early research of Arensberg and Kimball most anthropological accounts of Ireland have focused on the lives of post-peasant small farmers. Commercial farmers with land, wealth and power, known in Ireland as “large farmers,” have remained u investigated in the ethnographic literature. This article explores the ways in which the big farmers of County Meath in eastern Ireland define themselves as members of the various groups of influential farmers. The effect of the modernization and internationalization of Irish society on large farmers has been to make them all increasingly part of a growing national middle class. This portrait of important changes in the culture and class relations of large farmers serves as a departure in the ethnography of the political economy of Ireland as well as an addition to the study of the Europeanization of commercial family farmers within the European Community.
Probabilistic model for segmentation based word recognition with lexicon

We describe the construction of a model for off-line word recognizers based on over-segmentation of the input image and recognition of segment combinations as characters in a given lexicon word. One such recognizer, the Word Model Recognizer (WMR), is used extensively. Based on the proposed model it was possible to improve the performance of WMR.
Expression of FKHR, FKHRL1, and AFX genes in the rodent ovary: evidence for regulation by IGF-I, estrogen, and the gonadotropins.

Follicular development is dependent on both intraovarian growth regulatory factors, such as IGF-I and estrogen, as well as the pituitary gonadotropins, FSH and LH. Recently, we have shown that FSH impacts the IGF-I pathway via stimulation of the PI3K cascade leading to phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt and the PKB-related kinase, Sgk. This study was undertaken to determine if during ovarian follicular development FSH regulates putative targets of PKB and Sgk, namely specific Forkhead transcription factor family members. Using in vivo and in vitro mouse and rat models, we show 1) that FKHR [Forkhead homolog of rhabdomysarcoma = Forkhead box binding protein (Foxo1), FKHRL1 (Forkhead-like protein-1 = Foxo3), and AFX (a Forkhead transcription factor = Foxo4); all defined according to the Human and Mouse Gene Nomenclature Committee) are expressed in the rodent ovary and 2) that FSH regulates transcription of the FKHR gene as well as phosphorylation of FKHR protein. Specifically, FSH/PMSG (primarily...
Superiority effects with multiple wh-fronting in Serbo-Croatian

Abstract In this paper, I show that, contrary to what is argued in Rudin (1988b), in certain contexts fronted wh-phrases in Serbo-Croatian are subject to ordering constraints, which I argue follow from the Superiority Condition. An analysis is presented that accounts for both the new data presented in this paper and the data that prompted Rudin (1988b) to claim that fronted wh-phrases in Serbo-Croatian are not subject to ordering constraints. The analysis is based on the proposal that, as in French, in certain contexts SpecCP can remain empty in wh-questions in Serbo-Croatian. To the extent that it is successful, the analysis presented in the paper provides evidence that, in certain well-defined configurations, lexical insertion is possible in LF and that feature movement is subject to locality constraints on movement.
Autonomous rover traverse and precise arm placement on remotely designated targets

Exploring planetary surfaces typically involves traversing challenging and unknown terrain and acquiring insitu measurements at designated locations using arm-mounted instruments. We present field results for a new implementation of an autonomous capability that enables a rover to traverse and precisely place an arm-mounted instrument on remote targets. Using point-and-click mouse commands, a scientist designates targets in the initial imagery acquired from the rover's mast cameras. The rover then autonomously traverses the rocky terrain for a distance of 10 – 15 m, tracks the target(s) of interest during the traverse, positions itself for approaching the target, and then precisely places an arm-mounted instrument within 2–3 cm from the originally designated target. The rover proceeds to acquire science measurements with the instrument. This work advances what has been previously developed and integrated on the Mars Exploration Rovers by using algorithms that are capable of traversing more rock-dense terrains, enabling tight thread-the-needle maneuvers. We integrated these algorithms on the newly refurbished Athena Mars research rover and fielded them in the JPL Mars Yard. We conducted 43 runs with targets at distances ranging from 5 m to 15 m and achieved a success rate of 93% for placement of the instrument within 2–3 cm.
Drag force acting on a neuromast in the fish lateral line trunk canal. I. Numerical modelling of external-internal flow coupling

Fishes use a complex, multi-branched, mechanoreceptive organ called the lateral line to detect the motion of water in their immediate surroundings. This study is concerned with a subset of that organ referred to as the lateral line trunk canal (LLTC). The LLTC consists of a long tube no more than a few millimetres in diameter embedded immediately under the skin of the fish on each side of its body. In most fishes, pore-like openings are regularly distributed along the LLTC, and a minute sensor enveloped in a gelatinous cupula, referred to as a neuromast, is located between each pair of pores. Drag forces resulting from fluid motions induced inside the LLTC by pressure fluctuations in the external flow stimulate the neuromasts. This study, Part I of a two-part sequence, investigates the motion-sensing characteristics of the LLTC and how it may be used by fishes to detect wakes. To this end, an idealized geometrical/dynamical situation is examined that retains the essential problem physics. A two-level numerical model is developed that couples the vortical flow outside the LLTC to the flow stimulating the neuromasts within it. First, using a Navier–Stokes solver, we calculate the unsteady flow past an elongated rectangular prism and a fish downstream of it, with both objects moving at the same speed. By construction, the prism generates a clean, periodic vortex street in its wake. Then, also using the Navier–Stokes solver, the pressure field associated with this external flow is used to calculate the unsteady flow inside the LLTC of the fish, which creates the drag forces acting on the neuromast cupula. Although idealized, this external–internal coupled flow model allows an investigation of the filtering properties and performance characteristics of the LLTC for a range of frequencies of biological interest. The results obtained here and in Part II show that the LLTC acts as a low-pass filter, preferentially damping high-frequency pressure gradient oscillations, and hence high-frequency accelerations, associated with the external flow.
Follicle-stimulating hormone priming of rhesus monkeys enhances meiotic and developmental competence of oocytes matured in vitro.

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of FSH priming of rhesus monkeys upon meiotic and developmental capacity of oocytes in vitro. FSH-primed monkeys (n = 9) received injections of porcine FSH for 6-7 days. Germinal vesiclestage oocytes (n = 195) were collected laparoscopically. Nonstimulated monkeys (n = 9) were ovariectomized, and germinal vesicle oocytes (n = 402) were obtained from dissected follicles. All oocytes were cultured for 36-40 h, inseminated, and incubated until developmental arrest. Greater (p ' 0.001) percentages of cumulus-enclosed oocytes from FSH-primed vs. nonstimulated monkeys completed meiotic maturation (74 vs. 41% ), activated/fertilized (85 vs. 61% ), and cleaved from the 2-4-cell (79 vs. 38% ) through the morula (29 vs. 1%) stages. Blastocysts (4%) were obtained only from FSH-primed monkeys. Compared with their cumulus-enclosed counterparts, denuded oocytes were compromised (p ' 0.05) in completing nuclear maturation and cleaving in vitro. The meiotic and developmental capacity of denuded oocytes from FSH-primed monkeys exceeded (p < 0.01) those of denuded oocytes from nonstimulated monkeys. Denuded oocytes from FSH-primed monkeys were more (p < 0.01) competent to cleave beyond 8 cells than cumulus-enclosed oocytes from nonstimulated monkeys. Meiotic and developmental competence was similar between oocytes with or without cytoplasmic vesicles. Thus, FSH priming of monkeys enhances nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes in vitro, and resulted in production of the first in vitro-matured/in vitro-fertilized primate blastocysts in vitro.
A comprehensive histological assessment of osteoarthritis lesions in mice

Objective:Accurate histological assessment of osteoarthritis (OA) is critical in studies evaluating the effects of interventions on disease severity. The purpose of the present study was to develop...
Discussion of “On the offshore circulation and a convergence mechanism in the Red Tide region off the west coast of Florida”rdquo;

Chew has drawn the isohalines for 0, 20, 50, and 150 m based on one cruise. The total area from the Florida Keys to the Mississippi Delta is covered by 25 stations, and a large number of these are well beyond the 100-fm line. This seems a rather meager basis upon which to draw the presented current maps. There is however, other information available, which substantiates the eddy named the Florida west coast cyclonic eddy in Chew's work. Chew has inferred the existence of the Florida west coast eddy from the way the isohalines bulge in Figure 2 (compare Fig. 9). There are several ways to deduce currents from the isohalines. The current will be parallel to the isohalines if no filing takes place, and if the isohaline pattern is stationary.
Polarized pump–probe spectroscopy of electronic excitation transport in photosynthetic antennas

Polarized pump–probe spectroscopy was performed with 1.5–2-psec resolution on the bacteriochlorophyll a protein antenna complex from the green sulfur bacterium Prosthecochloris aestuarii and on native and enriched photosystem I particles from spinach. The resulting photobleaching profiles reflect the details of singlet electronic-excitation transport in these photosynthetic antennas, in which the pigments are complexed by proteins into clusters of five or more chromophores.
Dating in Light of Christ: Young Evangelicals Negotiating Gender in the Context of Religious and Secular American Culture

Studies of young evangelicals’ dating patterns tend to analyze gender by focusing on ideology. This paper suggests a view of gender and religion that examines the two institutions as interrelated by considering how and when gender and religion emerge as salient in Christian dating. Drawing on a study of young evangelicals’ relationships, I explain how ideal discussions of Christian dating emerged as gender-neutral against a backdrop of secular conceptions of romantic relationships but how their personal accounts reveal a series of divergent gendered evangelical worldviews when they turn to focus on their experiences constructing relationships within the evangelical subculture. The three worldviews of idealist, independent, and ambivalent each represent different patterns of how young evangelicals emotionally understand their life as both gendered and religious indicating more complicated patterns of gender, dating, and religion than presented in previous studies.
Brand Capital and Entry Order

This paper develops the hypothesis that firms possess a stock of well-established brands, a stock termed brand capital. The firm with the greatest capital is able to introduce new products in response to new information about consumer tastes before rivals. The results using data from the ready-to-eat cereal industry not only support this hypothesis, but also distinguish brand capital from other sources of firm heterogeneity.
Effects of diet on genetic regulation of lipoprotein metabolism in baboons

Several measures of lipoprotein phenotype are significant predictors of cardiovascular risk. Although such lipoprotein phenotypes are under strong genetic control, it is not clear to what extent they are controlled by the same - and by different - genes and whether these relationships may be altered in different dietary environments. Therefore, we measured six lipoprotein traits (three LDL traits - LDLC and apoB concentrations and LDL size - and three HDL traits - HDLC and apoA1 concentrations and HDL size) on each of three diets differing in level of fat and cholesterol. In bivariate analyses, all but two metabolically related trait pairs were genetically correlated, though none were completely correlated, implying additive genetic effects by both pleiotropic and unique genes. In comparing genetic correlations for the same pair of traits across diet, we detected evidence of diet effects on genetic control of these metabolically related traits; specifically, increasing level of dietary cholesterol was associated with a significant decrease in the genetic correlation of apoA1 with HDL size, and a significant increase in the genetic correlations of LDL size with LDLC and apoB. The results suggest a complex network of genes affecting lipoprotein metabolism: the genes may exert both unique and pleiotropic effects; the genes may exert detectable effects in many or only in specific dietary environments.
A Model for Solar Spectral Irradiance and Radiance at the Bottom and Top of a Cloudless Atmosphere

Abstract A simple model is presented that, in a cloud-free atmosphere, calculates solar spectral direct and diffuse irradiance and directional radiance at the surface, spectral absorption within the atmosphere and the upward reflected spectral irradiance or directional radiance at the top of the atmosphere. The irradiance model, based on similar approaches by Brine and Iqbal and others, evaluates the spectral irradiances between 0.29 and 4.0 μm, with a resolution that varies from 0.005 to 0.1 μm. Absorption by water vapor, ozone and the uniformly mixed gases is included, as are both scattering and absorption by atmospheric aerosols, which are modeled with simple wavelength-dependent optical depth, single scattering albedo and asymmetry parameter functions. Comparisons are presented of the model results with spectral irradiance and radiance computed by other more sophisticated models and with measurements from both ground-based and satellite instruments. The reasonable accuracy and simplicity of the model ...
Plasmon Scanned Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Excitation Profiles

Since the discovery of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in 1977, scientists have come to understand the enhancement mechanism, but have been unable to consistently optimize the weak signals inherent in Raman experiments. Surface-enhanced Raman signals originate from excitation of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of a nanostructured metal surface, thus producing concentrated electromagnetic fields at the surface of the nanostructure. Design of the nanostructured metal substrate plays an important role in understanding and optimizing SERS experiments. In this research, the size-dependent optical properties accessible by nanosphere lithography (NSL) are exploited to fabricate topographically predictable SERS-active substrates with systematically varying LSPRs. Correlated microextinction and micro-Raman measurements, as well as quantitative implementation of a Raman standard, allow significant improvements over the current method used to optimize SERS experiments. The knowledge gained in the novel plasmon scanned SERS excitation profiles clearly indicates the substrate parameters necessary for experimental optimization and promotes further understanding of the SERS enhancement mechanism.
Preclinical evaluation of Oxygent as an adjunct to radiotherapy.

These studies examine the potential value of a concentrated emulsion of perfluorooctylbromide (perflubron; Oxygent™, Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp.) as an adjunct to radiotherapy. The effects of Oxygent™ on solid tumors were examined using EMT6 mammary tumors in BALB/c mice and BA1112 rhabdomyosarcomas in WAG/rij rats. Treatment with Oxygent™ plus O2, carbogen (95% O2/5% CO2), or hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) increased the effects of radiation on the tumors. Analyses of tumor cell survival curves and measurements of intratumor pO2 showed that this potentiation reflected an increase in the proportion of well-oxygenated tumor cells. Neither treatment of the animals with carbogen, O2, or HBO alone nor treatment of air-breathing rodents with Oxygent™ produced changes of similar magnitude. Treatment with a vehicle emulsion containing all the components of Oxygent™ except the perflubron did not alter tumor radiosensitivity, showing that tumor radiosensitization required the oxygen-transporting perfluorocarbon, and did...
“I Had To Be Strong”: Tensions in the Strong Black Woman Schema

Although strength is often embraced as a vital aspect of African American womanhood, African American women’s endorsement of the strong Black woman race-gender schema has received empirical attenti...
Rodrigo's Book of Manners: How to Conduct a Conversation on Race-Standing, Imperial Scholarship, and Beyond

Responds to several critics of critical race theory. Discusses whether the espousal of multiculturalism truly represents an assault on truth, and whether criticism of conventional standards of merit constitutes an implicit attack on Jews and Asians. Addresses the charge that legal storytelling and narrative jurisprudence fall outside the realm of serious scholarship, as some critics assert. Proposes a series of rules for conducting scholarly conversations about heated topic such as race.
Virtually Yours: Thoughts on Where We Have Been and Where We Are Going with Virtual Reference Services in Libraries

Summary The world of the reference librarian is changing. As more and more patrons go to the Internet first to meet their information needs, libraries must be there to help them locate and obtain relevant information. Libraries have been experimenting with virtual reference tools for some time. This paper will provide a brief overview of the development of virtual reference services, examine the need for and provide lessons learned from implementing virtual reference services in a major research library.
Revisiting Phase Diagrams of Two-Mode Phase-Field Crystal Models

Abstract In this work, phase diagrams of a modified two-mode phase-field crystal (PFC) that show two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) crystallographic structures were determined by utilizing a free energy minimization method. In this study the modified two-mode PFC model (presented by Asadi and Asle Zaeem, 2015) was used, in which the free energy can be exactly minimized in each stable crystal structure allowing calculation of accurate phase diagrams for two-mode PFC models. Different crystal structures, such as square, triangle, body-centered cubic (bcc), face-centered cubic (fcc), and stripe lattice structures as well as their coexistence regions were considered in the calculations. The model parameters were discussed to calculate phase diagrams that can be used as a guideline by other researchers for studying solidification and solid state phase transformation using two-mode PFC model.
Truth in the Time of Fear: Adios, Ayacucho's Poetics of Memory and the Peruvian Transitional Justice Process

The 1986 short novel, Adios, Ayacucho (Farewell, Ayacucho), by Peruvian writer Julio Ortega, can be read as a set of aspirational claims regarding the, at the time, nascent transitional justice discourse. Analyzed against the findings of the Peruvian Truth and Reconciliation Commission about the same events it portrays, Ortega's novel opens a productive discussion about the way memory - or, rather, memories - should be constructed in the wake of the armed conflict. As the disjointed narration of a frag- mented body's failed quest for whole(some)ness, the text advocates for a decentralized process of memory building. If transitional justice is to attain its fundamental aim of reinstating and enhancing citizenship in the wake of massive human rights violations, the novel seems to argue, it should engulf not only centralized institutional attempts at memory building but also alternative narratives that recognize the plurality of perspectives and voices that plague an inevitably fragmented social body.
A Discussion on Community Colleges and Global Counterparts Completion Policies

ABSTRACTThis article is a comparative study of community colleges and global counterparts at 41 institutions in 25 countries. Policies from each country link completion of a college program to career entry and to advancement opportunities. National and institutional policies are being defined, benchmark data is being collected on goals in the process, and specific programs are being offered to increase the likelihood that students finish their educational programs. This article examined the emerging trajectories as defined by those who work in these institutions; and in so doing, it provided a discussion of completion in an international context.
Cultivation Technique of Indoor Anti-season on Agaricus bisporus

Agaricus bisporus is the high protein nutritious food of the low fat,having the good quality,eating good.in- vest little,high characteristics of performance,there is vast market foreground.Anti-season cultivation of Agarieus bis- porus,the economic performance is the autumn cultivation of 2-3 times,is good item that the large city suburb farmer a- mass a fortune.This text according to the actual circumstance of my city,make use of the resources advantage,pass to practice the cultivation,indoor anti-season of Agaricus bisporus cultivation the technique eames on the sorting summary. The concrete cultivation important point have:The heap system development anticipate,develops to anticipate to go to bed, sow seeds,manage,cover soil,adopt to accept.
Effect of hematocrit on systemic O2 transport in hypoxic and normoxic exercise in rats

The effect of hematocrit (Hct) on O2 transport in hypoxic [inspired PO2 (PIO2) approximately 70 Torr] and normoxic (PIO2 approximately 145 Torr) exercise was studied in rats acclimatized to 3 wk of PIO2 at approximately 70 Torr (A rats) and in nonacclimatized littermates (NA rats). Isovolumic exchange transfusion of plasma or red blood cells was used to lower Hct in A rats from approximately 60 to 45% and to raise Hct of NA rats from 45 to 60%: Controls were A and NA rats exchange transfused with whole blood at constant Hct. Lowering Hct of A rats lowered the arterial O2 concentration (CaO2) and the arterial-mixed venous O2 difference and increased the maximal cardiac output (Qmax) without changes in maximal O2 uptake (VO2 max) or in the product of Qmax x CaO2, circulatory O2 convection at maximal exercise (TO2 max). Raising Hct in NA rats produced the opposite changes in CaO2, arterial-mixed venous O2 difference, and Qmax, but VO2 max and TO2 max increased significantly, both in hypoxia and normoxia, because of relatively small changes in Qmax. In NA rats, a steeper slope of the line relating VO2 max to calculated mean capillary PO2 at high Hct suggested a higher tissue O2 diffusing capacity with high Hct. For a given Hct and Qmax, systemic arterial pressure was higher in A rats. The data suggest that 1) the effect of Hct on systemic hemodynamics is different in A and NA rats, resulting in different effects on VO2 max; 2) factors in addition to Hct contribute to the high systemic vascular resistance of A rats; and 3) increased diffusive conductance for O2, as well as increased TO2 max, could be responsible for the effect of Hct on VO2 max of NA rats.
Probabilistic Theories of Causation

Probabilistic theories of causation have received relatively little attention. This is understandable, perhaps, since presentations are usually rather technical. But the neglect is unfortunate. The basic idea is quite simple, and very attractive. Moreover, competing theories all have serious problems that have been discussed ad nauseam. This paper is a critical exploration of the two main types of probabilistic theory, represented by Suppes (1970) and Cartwright (1979) on the one hand, and Giere (1980) on the other. I shall explain the theories’ appeal, defend them against some outstanding objections, and improve them. Alas, the probabilistic approach is not without serious flaws of its own. These will be presented too.
Synthesis of Ferrocene Linkers for Solid-Phase Synthesis of Peptides

Peptides can be cleaved from the resin easier if they are attached to the resin through a selectively labile linker. The most common strategies used to date for the release of amides from insoluble supports are: (a) cleavage of a benzylic C-N bond of resin-bound N-alkyl-N-benzyl amides, (b) nucleophilic cleavage of resin bound acylating agents with amines and (c) acylation/debenzylation of resin-bound N, N-dibenzyl-amines [1]. However, no effort has been taken to explore the possible application of the C-N bond cleavage of resin bound ferrocenyl amides. The typical backbone amide linker (BAL) consists of a benzylic C-N bond which is cleaved with acid to yield the peptide amide (Scheme 1). Benzylamine linkers require the introduction of electron donating groups onto the benzene ring to make C-N bond cleavage more efficient.
The Christian Purpose Served by the “Postscript”

Climacus’ insistence upon the absurdity of the Paradox offers a way of maintaining the Christian nature of God; it allows the expectation that God will satisfy our desire for eternal happiness. The God of the Paradox is available for religious purposes. This must be proved.
A mixed methods study of peer-to-peer support in a group-based lifestyle intervention for adults with serious mental illness.

OBJECTIVE There is potential for peer support to enhance healthy lifestyle interventions targeting changes in body weight and fitness for adults with serious mental illness. The purpose of this study was to explore peer-to-peer support among individuals participating in a group lifestyle intervention that included social media to enhance in-person weight management sessions. METHOD A mixed methods study design was used to explore participants' perceptions and experiences of support from other group members during a 6-month group lifestyle intervention. Twenty-five individuals with serious mental illness reported their perceptions of the peer group environment and social support during the intervention. Seventeen of these individuals also participated in focus group interviews further exploring their experiences with group members. RESULTS More than 80% of participants agreed that other group members were trustworthy and dependable, and 92% reported a high level of shared purpose and active participation in the group. Participants described how shared learning and group problem-solving activities fostered friendships and provided essential support for health behavior change. Sharing information, personal successes and challenges, and "being in the same boat" as other group members were key features of peer-to-peer support. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Findings from this exploratory study suggest that participants enrolled in a group-based lifestyle intervention for people with serious mental illness experience peer-to-peer support in various ways that promote health behavior change. These findings highlight opportunities to enhance future lifestyle interventions with collaborative learning and social network technologies that foster peer support among participants. (PsycINFO Database Record
Probing Higgs Bosons/Electroweak Symmetry Breaking in Purely Leptonic Channels at Hadron Colliders

I examine the ability of the LHC, SSC and Eloisatron hadron colliders to search for Higgs bosons in background-free purely leptonic modes. Such leptonic final state modes are surveyed for both the Standard Model Higgs scenario and a variety of non-minimal Higgs sectors (the features of which are reviewed along the way). In particular, I examine the ability of the SSC to probe exotic Higgs scenarios using purely leptonic channels, and discuss the extent to which a very high energy, high luminosity hadron collider such as the Eloisatron might be justified as a second generation SSC by virtue of its ability to employ leptonic channels to extend the SSC discovery reach or allow more detailed studies of already discovered Higgs bosons.
“Husband under the Bed”: Specular Enclosures, Cuckoldry, and Logorrhea in Dostoevsky's Early Works

This article seeks to demonstrate how Dostoevsky processes the devices vaudeville, folk theater, and particularly the cuckold play into his own unique, genre-bending art form. By focusing on his overlooked 1848 half-vaudeville, half-feuilleton “The Other Man's Wife and the Husband under the Bed,” and placing it in the context of his other works, I explore the influence of the cuckold play on Dostoevsky's tendency to privilege two-in-one scenarios, such as doubling, and sometimes the literal enclosure of two men in one tight space. I argue that the main concern that emerges from Dostoevsky's theatrical influences is the relationship between discourse and space. Specifically, in contrast to Bakhtin's focus on “thresholds” as the paradigmatic loci of Dostoevsky's poetics, I point out the way that spatial and specular enclosures originate excessive, logorrheic discourse and the dialogization, or doubling of the characters' inner monologues.
Laboratory in Distributed Microprocessor Control

Abstract This paper describes the laboratory facilities for a course on Microprocessors in Electromechanical Systems. This course is designed to introduce mechanical engineers to basic concepts of microprocessor architectures, programming, and interfacing, with special focus on implementation of digital controllers for real-world electromechanical systems. Laboratory facilities at each lab station include a Pentium-based PC for code development and an 80188-based single board computer (SBC) for real-time embedded control. Since both the PC and the SBC have their own analog I/O capabilities, true distributed control is possible, with the PC acting as process monitor, plant simulator, or control supervisor, capable of downloading new controller setpoints to the SBC as process conditions change.
Scale!and!Skill!in!Ac6ve!Management!

We empirically analyze the nature of returns to scale in active mutual fund management. We find strong evidence of decreasing returns at the industry level: As the size of the active mutual fund industry increases, a fund's ability to outperform passive benchmarks declines. At the fund level, all methods considered indicate decreasing returns, though estimates that avoid econometric biases are insignificant. We also find that the active management industry has become more skilled over time. This upward trend in skill coincides with industry growth, which precludes the skill improvement from boosting fund performance. Finally, we find that performance deteriorates over a typical fund's lifetime. This result can also be explained by industry-level decreasing returns to scale.
Socially Responsible Investing

This encyclopedia article defines and describes socially responsible investing and selected topics revolving around socially responsible investing.
Can Europe Run Greece? Lessons from U.S. Fiscal Receiverships in Latin America, 1904-31

In 2012 and again in 2015, the German government proposed sending German administrators to manage Greece’s tax and privatization authorities. The idea was that shared governance would reduce corruption and root out inefficient practices. (In 2017 the Boston Globe proposed a similar arrangement for Haiti.) We test a version of shared governance using eight U.S. interventions between 1904 and 1931, under which American officials took over management of Latin American fiscal institutions. We develop a stylized model in which better monitoring by incorruptible managers does not lead to higher government revenues. Using a new panel of data on fiscal revenues and the volume and terms of trade, we find that revenue fell under receiverships. Our results hold under instrumental variables estimation and with counterfactual specifications using synthetic controls.
Rv2477c is an antibiotic-sensitive manganese-dependent ABC-F ATPase in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The Rv2477c protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) belongs to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) subfamily F that contains proteins with tandem nucleotide-binding domains but lacking transmembrane domains. ABC-F subfamily proteins have been implicated in diverse cellular processes such as translation, antibiotic resistance, cell growth and nutrient sensing. In order to investigate the biochemical characteristics of Rv2477c, we expressed it in Escherichia coli, purified it and characterized its enzymatic functions. We show that Rv2477c displays strong ATPase activity (Vmax = 45.5 nmol/mg/min; Km = 90.5 μM) that is sensitive to orthovanadate. The ATPase activity was maximal in the presence of Mn2+ at pH 5.2. The Rv2477c protein was also able to hydrolyze GTP, TTP and CTP but at lower rates. Glutamate to glutamine substitutions at amino acid residues 185 and 468 in the two Walker B motifs of Rv2477c severely inhibited its ATPase activity. The antibiotics tetracycline and erythromycin, which target protein translation, were able to inhibit the ATPase activity of Rv2477c. We postulate that Rv2477c could be involved in mycobacterial protein translation and in resistance to tetracyclines and macrolides. This is the first report of the biochemical characterization of an ABC-F subfamily protein in Mtb.
Public Health Implications of Front-of-Package Labels.

The article focuses on the public health implications behind front-of-package (FOP) nutrition labels for processed food and resistance by the food industry to FOP labels. It comments on the French Nutri-Score FOP labeling scheme and efforts of the French food industry to block it and replace it with industry-developed Guideline Daily Amounts which are more confusing. It mentions warning labels used in Chile warning consumers on foods high in sodium, sugar, saturated fats, and calories.
Axial and Peripheral QCT

While Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is considered as the standard technique to measure bone mineral density (BMD), quantitative computed tomography (QCT) measures true volumetric and not areal BMD and has a number of advantages over DXA, which makes QCT an attractive alternative technique for certain indications.
Central venous catheter placement after ultrasound guided peripheral IV placement for difficult vascular access patients.

Abstract Objectives Ultrasound guided peripheral intravenous catheters (USPIV) are frequently utilized in the Emergency Department (ED) and lead to reduced central venous catheter (CVC) placements. USPIVs, however, are reported to have high failure rates. Our primary objective was to determine the proportion of patients that required CVC after USPIV. Our secondary objective was to determine if classic risk factors for difficult vascular access were predictive of future CVC placement. Methods We performed a retrospective review for patients treated at a large academic hospital. Patients were identified by electronic health record and were restricted to age older than 21 years, had received USPIV, and admittance. Exclusion criteria included an existing CVC. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, chi-square proportions, and logistic regression were performed to test associations. Results Of 363 eligible patients, 20 were excluded allowing for 343 for analysis. Of 343, 45 (13.1% 95% CI 9.9–17.1%) required CVC after USPIV. For secondary outcomes, no expected characteristics (diabetes, end-stage renal disease, IV drug abuse, peripheral vascular disease, or sickle cell disease) were predictive of CVC placement. The only predictive variables were admission to ICU/stepdown and length of stay. Each additional day of hospitalization had an OR 1.11 (95% CI 1.06–1.16%) of having a CVC placed. Conclusion Of those admitted after USPIV placement, approximately 7 out of every 8 patients did not require a subsequent CVC. Of the nearly 1 in 8 patients that required a CVC, factors associated with CVC placement were admission to a higher level of care and length of stay.
Predictive value and modeling analysis of MSCT signs in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) to pathological risk degree.

OBJECTIVE By analyzing MSCT (multi-slice computed tomography) signs with different risks in gastrointestinal stromal tumors, this paper aimed to discuss the predictive value and modeling analysis of MSCT signs in GISTs (gastrointestinal stromal tumor) to pathological risk degree. PATIENTS AND METHODS 100 cases of primary GISTs with abdominal and pelvic MSCT scan were involved in this study. All MSCT scan findings and enhanced findings were analyzed and compared among cases with different risk degree of pathology. Then GISTs diagnostic model was established by using support vector machine (SVM) algorithm, and its diagnostic value was evaluated as well. RESULTS All lesions were solitary, among which there were 46 low-risk cases, 24 medium-risk cases and 30 high-risk cases. For all high-risk, medium-risk and low-risk GISTs, there were statistical differences in tumor growth pattern, size, shape, fat space, with or without calcification, ulcer, enhancement method and peritumoral and intratumoral vessels (p 0.05). The apparent difference lied in plain scan, arterial phase and venous phase for each risk degree. The diagnostic accuracy of SVM diagnostic model established with 10 imaging features as indexes was 70.0%, and it was especially reliable when diagnosing GISTs of high or low risk. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative analysis of MSCT features is clinically significant for its diagnosis of risk degree and prognosis; GISTs diagnostic model established on the basis of SVM possesses high diagnostic value.
Estimated Age of First Exposure to American Football and Neurocognitive Performance Amongst NCAA Male Student-Athletes: A Cohort Study.

Repetitive head impacts in young athletes are potentially detrimental to later life (e.g., age 50 + years) neurological function; however, it is unknown what the short-term effects (e.g., age 20 years) are in collegiate student-athletes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the estimated age of first exposure to American tackle football participation on neurocognitive performance and symptom severity scores in collegiate student-athletes. We used a cohort study in which neurocognitive performance was assessed using the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) test in 4376 male athletes (age 19.3 ± 1.5 years, mass 96.3 ± 20.3 kg, height 185.0 ± 7.4 cm). Athletes were grouped by sport participation [American football (n = 3462) or non-contact (n = 914)] and estimated age of first exposure [< 12 years (n = 3022) or ≥ 12 years (n = 1354)]. The outcome measures were the four primary cognitive scores and the symptom severity score from ImPACT. We assessed primary outcomes across groups, controlling for age, learning accommodations, and concussion history. Neurocognitive performance was not associated with the estimated age of first exposure-by-group interaction. Our findings indicate that participation in American tackle football before age 12 years does not result in neurocognitive deficits in college. Therefore, we suggest the following: the consequences of early exposure to repetitive head impacts do not manifest by college, the ImPACT test was not sensitive enough to identify the effects of an earlier estimated age of first exposure, or there is no association between an earlier estimated age of first exposure and neurocognitive functioning. Future longitudinal studies are warranted.
Oncogene expression in human small cell lung carcinoma.

We have recently reviewed the potential dynamics of cellular differentiation in the bronchial epithelium of man, which underly the evolution of the four major types of lung cancer (squamous cell, adeno-, large cell undifferentiated, and small cell carcinomas) and which determine how the tumor types express properties characteristic of particular differentiated cell types in the normal mucosa (Baylin 1983, 1984; Goodwin et al. 1983). The accumulating evidence that small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), which accounts for 25% of human lung cancers and is a distinct, aggressive neoplasm with neuroendocrine properties, is linked by way of a common cell lineage to the non-SCLC lung tumors has also been stressed (Baylin 1983, 1984; Goodwin et al. 1983). Particular importance in this regard attaches to the in vitro data suggesting the potential of SCLC to change towards other lung cancer histologies with time (Baylin 1983, 1984; Goodwin et al. 1983; Gazdar et al. 1981a). An important transition step in this process may involve a variant cell form (SCLC-V) which has lost the neuroendocrine properties characteristic of SCLC.
Cyanobacterial blooms modify food web structure and interactions in western Lake Erie.

Abstract With anthropogenic eutrophication and climate change causing an increase in cyanobacterial blooms worldwide, the need to understand the consequences of these blooms on aquatic ecosystems is paramount. Key questions remain unanswered with respect to how cyanobacteria blooms affect the structure of aquatic food webs, the foraging abilities of higher consumers, and the potential for cyanotoxins (e.g., microcystins [MCs]) to accumulate in fish. Toward addressing these uncertainties, physicochemical attributes, water (for MCs), phytoplankton, zooplankton, and epipelagic and benthic age-0 fish were sampled at 75 sites (44 sites for fish) of varying cyanobacteria concentration (0.1–44 μg/L) in western Lake Erie during the cyanobacteria bloom season, 2013–2014. Sites with high cyanobacteria biomass were characterized by Microcystis spp. (84–100% of biomass), detectible levels of MCs (maximum = 10.8 μg/L), and low water transparency (minimum = 0.25 m). Counter to expectations, strong positive relationships were found between cyanobacteria concentration and the biomass of several herbivorous zooplankton taxa (e.g., Daphnia, Diaphanosoma spp., Bosmina (formerly Eubosmina) coregoni, and Calanoida spp.). Expectations regarding fish were partly supported (e.g., diet selectivity varied across a cyanobacteria gradient) and partly not (e.g., consumption of zooplankton did not differ between bloom and non-bloom sites). These findings show that cyanobacterial blooms can strongly affect the distribution, composition, and interactions of zooplankton and fish, sometimes in surprising ways, highlighting the need to further explore their impact on aquatic food webs.
Ileostomy Creation (Open and MIS Approaches)

This chapter describes surgical ileostomy formation as performed by both open and laparoscopic techniques. The text includes an introduction that outlines the indications, risks, alternatives, essential steps needed, equipment, and variations in technique for the procedure in question. This is followed by a template operative dictation, which provides the reader with an operative report, such as is found in a patient chart or electronic medical record. A description is provided of the following critical concepts for this procedure: sound placement of ileostomy on the abdominal wall for pouching purposes, proper maturation of the proximal (afferent) limb for loop ileostomy, Brooke technique for formation of a spout-type ileostomy, and proper alignment of stoma without any mesenteric twisting.
Time-Domain Motion Compensation of HF-Radar Doppler Spectra for an Antenna on a Moving Platform

The effect of sinusoidal platform motion on the first- and second-order high-frequency radar cross-sections per unit area was derived for the monostatic case in the works of Walsh et al. [1]–[2], and more recently for a dual-frequency platform motion model, as well as for a bistatic configuration, in the works of Ma et al. [3]–[4] In all these works, the cross-sections on a floating platform were expressed as a Doppler-domain convolution of the fixed radar cross-section with an infinite weighted sum of Bessel functions of the first kind. Herein, the effect of platform motion is more easily expressed as the product of the time-domain radar cross-section per unit area and a single zeroth-order Bessel function of the first kind for each frequency component of the platform motion. A representative result using this new expression, shows that motion compensation may be performed exactly up to numerical error in the time domain by performing division on the autocorrelation of the received electric field by a known function in the time-domain dependent on the periodic platform motion.