cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
gC1qR Expression in Normal and Pathologic Human Tissues: Differential Expression in Tissues of Epithelial and Mesenchymal Origin

The gC1qR (i.e., gC1q receptor, gC1q binding protein, p32, p33) is a multifunctional cellular protein that interacts with components of the complement, kinin, and coagulation cascades and select microbial pathogens. Enhanced gC1qR expression has been reported in adenocarcinomas arising in a variety of organs. The present study compared gC1qR expression in normal, inflammatory, dysplastic, and malignant tissue of epithelial and mesenchymal origin. gC1qR expression was visualized in tissue sections by immunohistochemistry using the 60.11 monoclonal antibody (i.e., IgG1 mouse monoclonal antibody directed against gC1qR) and the UltraVision LP Detection System. Sections were counterstained with hematoxylin and examined by light microscopy. Strongest gC1qR expression was noted in epithelial tumors of breast, prostate, liver, lung, and colon, as well as in squamous and basal cell carcinoma of the skin. However, increased gC1qR staining was appreciated also in inflammatory and proliferative lesions of the same cell types, as well as in normal continuously dividing cells. In contrast, tumors of mesenchymal origin generally stained weakly, with the exception of osteoblasts, which stained in both benign and malignant tissues. The data suggest that increased gC1qR expression may be a marker of benign and pathologic cell proliferation, particularly in cells of epithelial origin, with potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
The fountain of youth: role of sirtuins in aging and regenerative medicine

For thousands of years humanity has searched for the fountain of youth. In the 16th century the Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon, first Governor of Puerto Rico, searched for the fountain of youth in the legendary land of Florida, specifically in the waters of Bimini, but without success. This quest continues, although all living species on our planet are designed to age. A fountain-of-youth strategy has been proposed by several investigators during recent decades. This strategy to slow down the aging processes is based on caloric restriction (CR) and increased physical activity (PA). CR refers to a dietary regimen low in calories but without undernutrition. Several studies have clearly demonstrated that CR extends the lifespan in a wide range of organisms, including yeast, rotifers, spiders, worms, fish, mice and rats [1]. Many anthropological and biological mechanisms have been proposed to explain this multidimensional phenomenon, including evolutionary adaptation, reduction in oxidative damage generated by reactive oxygen species, increase in mitochondrial respiration and ATP production, decrease in apoptosis, and regulation of the NAD + :NADH
Quality of service guarantees in mobile computing

With rapid technological advances being made in the area of wireless communications it is expected that, in the near future, mobile users will be able to access a wide variety of services that will be made available over future high-speed networks. The quality of these services in the high-speed network domain can be specified in terms of several QoS parameters. In this paper we identify two new QoS parameters unique to the mobile environment - guarantee of seamless service and ensuring graceful degradation of service in situations where user demands exceed the network's capacity to satisfy them. A network architecture and a suite of transport level services are proposed that enables these QoS parameters to be satisfied.
Near-surface turbulent temperature variances and anisotropy at multiple scales of motion

Using multiresolution spectra data and a measure of anisotropy based on the eigen values of the Reynolds stress tensor, the scale of maximum temperature variance is found to usually be greater than the scale at which the turbulence transitions from isotropy to anisotropy. The scale of the maximum temperature variance is just as likely to be equal to the scale of maximum turbulent kinetic energy as it is to be larger or smaller. The magnitude of the maximum temperature variance is not correlated with the scale of maximum variance, but is roughly correlated with the total heat flux. Also, the magnitude of the maximum temperature variance at 5 m above the ground (agl) only roughly correlates with the magnitude at 50 m agl. The anisotropy of the turbulence at the scale of maximum temperature variance tends to be more pancake-like than cigar-like in the variances especially at 5 m agl.© (2012) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Xanthine Oxidase- and Iron-Dependent Lipid Peroxidation

Abstract Xanthine oxidase and iron-dependent lipid peroxidation has been studied extensively in many model systems, yet several details of this process remain unclear. Because redox reactions of iron are important parameters of iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation, we have examined the roles of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, produced by xanthine oxidase, to oxidize and reduce iron and thereby affect iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation. Thus, we compared lipid peroxidation catalyzed by xanthine oxidase and ADP:Fe(III) to that catalyzed by xanthine oxidase and ADP:Fe(II). An examination of the action of super-oxide on iron oxidation and reduction revealed that superoxide is a better oxidant of ADP:Fe(II) than a reductant of ADP:Fe(IIl). A superoxide generating system (composed of xanthine oxidase and catalase) and ADP:Fe(II) also resulted in a greater amount of lipid peroxidation than superoxide and ADP:Fe(III). Hydrogen peroxide, as expected, only served as an Fe(II) oxidant. A comparison of the oxidant activities of either superoxide or hydrogen peroxide on ADP:Fe(II) and the corresponding effects on lipid peroxidation revealed that both oxidants were roughly equivalent. We conclude that superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, produced from xanthine oxidase, support iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation through their participation in redox reactions of iron, that is, they facilitate Fe(TI) oxidation or Fe(III) reduction necessary for lipid peroxidation. The relevance of the reactions of O ⨪ 2 and H 2 O 2 on physiological chelates of iron are discussed.
The NEMO-3 Experiment

The NEMO-3 (Neutrino Ettore Majorana Observatory) experiment, located in the Modane Underground Laboratory, is currently searching for neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ). The experiment has been taking data since 2003 with seven double beta isotopes and is scheduled to complete data acquisition in late 2010. Two neutrino double beta decay (2νββ) results for the main isotopes (7 kg of 100Mo and 1 kg of 82Se), new results for 150Nd, as well as results for 96Zr, 48Ca, 130Te and 116Cd are presented. NEMO-3 uses a unique technique that allows for the in situ measurement of background contamination. No evidence for neutrinoless double beta decay has been found to date. The data are also interpreted in terms of alternative models such as weak right-handed currents and Majoron emission.
Using the method of weighted residuals to compute potentials of mean force

We propose a general framework for approximating the potential of mean force (PMF) along a reaction coordinate in conformational space. This framework, based on the method of weighted residuals, can be viewed as a generalization of thermodynamic integration and direct histogram methods. Using weighted residuals allows for higher-order approximations to the PMF in the form of a global spectral method or a finite element method. In addition, the higher degree of continuity provided by spectral and higher-order elements makes weighted residual methods an attractive choice for use in tandem with biasing force methods. As an analysis tool, the weighted residuals framework provides a context for direct comparison of thermodynamic integration and histogram based methods. For validation of the new method, numerical experiments are performed on two systems: a simple double-well and alanine dipeptide in vacuum. Comparisons between the new weighted residual methods, thermodynamic integration, and WHAM are performed. When configuration space is perfectly sampled the high-order weighted residual methods are found to exhibit exponential convergence. For more realistic sampling, the weighted residual methods performed comparably to the other two. However, results suggest that spectral type methods are more robust with respect to parameter choices describing the solution space.
Analysis and design of a fault-tolerant tree architecture

Tree structures have been widely used in the design of distributed systems. One distinct advantage of the tree architecture is the O(logN) speed of information exchange between any two nodes of an N-node system. Further, the tree architecture can naturally map several important classes of problems that can be described as divide-and-conquer algorithms. In this paper we present the analysis and design of a new fault-tolerant tree structure; the L-tree. The L-tree is formed by augmenting the simplex binary tree with redundant links only. The performance and fault-tolerance of the L-tree are evaluated and compared with previously proposed augmented tree architectures. The results of comparison show that the proposed architecture is more reliable than the existing fault-tolerant tree structures. The L-tree also permits simple algorithmic routine. We present a distributed routing algorithm that finds near-optimal routes even under node failures.
Permian-Triassic plutonism and tectonics, Death Valley region, California and Nevada

Significant contractional structures that deform Permian rocks but predate an Early Triassic overlap sequence are recognized within the Cordilleran orogen, western United States. Thrusting in the Death Valley region of the orogen, however, has been regarded as Middle Triassic or younger and thus kinematically distinct. We present new isotopic age limits on two posttectonic stocks that intrude major structures of the Death Valley thrust belt. The stocks are no younger than Middle Triassic, but are likely Late Permian in age, consistent with stratigraphic and structural data suggesting that thrusting predates the overlap sequence. We hypothesize that Permian shortening may have affected more than 700 km of the Cordilleran orogen at the same time arc activity began within cratonic North America but prior to Early Triassic emplacement of the structurally higher Sonomian arc terrane.
Second molar impaction associated with lip bumper therapy

). LB therapy lasted for approximately 1.8 ± 0.9 years. Concomitant rapid palatal expansion (RPE) was performed in the maxilla at LB treatment onset. Impaction of mandibular second molars was assessed by means of panoramic radiographs in relation to the position of first mandibular molars. Horizontal and vertical movements of first and second molars were assessed cephalometrically on lateral cephalo -metric radiographs based on mandibular superimpositions.
Converging sectors of psychoanalysis and neurobiology: mutual challenge and opportunity.

Il est plus juste de dire que psychanalyse et neurobiologie sont des disciplines «convergentes» plutot que de pretendre qu'elles pourraient avoir des frontieres communes. Or, les apports de la psychanalyse font l'objet d'un rejet de la part des neurobiologistes qui les ecartent comme non pertinents. L'inverse est egalement vrai. Cette situation pese lourdement sur l'avenir de la psychanalyse. Est-il possible d'y remedier? Le cas d'une jeune femme illustre le propos. L'etude est centree sur la trace mnesique et son abord dans les deux disciplines
Biologic Impact of Proteasome Inhibition in Multiple Myeloma Cells—From the Aspects of Preclinical Studies

The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) is a major protein degradation system that maintains homeostasis of intracellular proteins, involved in DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, cell proliferation, and drug resistance. Since numerous proteins are processed by proteasomes, their inhibition triggers dramatic disruption of protein homeostasis. Consequently, accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins triggers different types of cellular stress responses, followed by growth arrest and cytotoxicity. Importantly, multiple myeloma (MM) cells are considered to have lower threshold against these stresses than other cell types, which makes these cells sensitive to proteasome inhibitors.
An approximate analytical demonstration of the famous darken experiment

The chemical potential of carbon across the weld interface of the diffusion couple in the Darken experiment is integrated into an analytical function of position and time. Upon the elimination of the chemical potential in preference of the carbon concentration, the well-known discontinuous carbon concentration is found in agreement with experiment such that the concentration ratio is inversely proportional to the ratio of the activity coefficients.
Determination of emulsion size distribution by NMR restricted diffusion measurement

This paper reports that during the early stage of our study on dispersed-phase texture in porous media, the authors tested the technique proposed by Packer and Rees (1972) that uses NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) restricted diffusion measurement to determine bulk emulsion-size distribution. It has been known for some time that self-diffusion of molecules having nuclear magnetic moments can be detected by pulsed NMR in the presence of various magnetic field gradients. The method of using pulsed magnetic field gradients was described first by Stejskal and Tanner (1965). A spin echo pulse sequence with two gradient pulses is shown. The final echo intensity reflects the effect of diffusion occurring during the time interval [Delta] between the two.
Application of Structural Health Monitoring Techniques to Track Structural Changes in a Retrofitted Building Based on Ambient Vibration

One of the issues complicating the reliability assessment of structural health monitoring (SHM) methodologies slated for implementation under field conditions for damage detection in conjunction with typical infrastructure systems, is the paucity of experimental measurements from such structures. Particularly lacking is the availability of experimental data from physical structures, where quantifiable changes are made in the structure while SHM studies are being performed. That is precisely the focus of this paper. As a result of the 1994 Northridge Earthquake, a critical six-story building in the metropolitan Los Angeles region was found to need significant seismic mitigation measures. The building was instrumented with 14 state-of-the-art strong-motion accelerometers that were placed at various locations and in different orientations throughout the building. The instrumentation network was used to acquire extensive ambient vibration data sets at regular intervals that covered the whole construction phase, during which the building evolved from its original condition to the retrofitted status. This paper evaluates the usefulness of the natural excitation technique (NExT) in conjunction with the eigensystem realization algorithm (ERA) to determine the evolution of the modal properties of the subject building during the various phases of its retrofit process. Further, an assessment is made of the influence on the system identification results of significant user-selectable parameters such as: data window size and overlap; reference degree-of-freedom; and the dimensions of the associated Hankel matrix. In spite of the very low levels of ambient excitation, and the low spatial resolution of the sensors, use of the NExT/ERA algorithm yielded excellent identification results of the dominant modes of the building. Changes in the identified structural frequencies are correlated with the time that specific structural changes were made. It is shown that this unique collection of data can be extremely useful in calibrating the accuracy and sensitivity of various SHM schemes, as well as in providing useful identification parameter guidelines that can assist in the planning and deployment of sensor networks and associated data collection schemes for SHM applications.
Synthesis and multinuclear NMR and mass spectroscopic study of some Mo(CO)5(PPh)2XR) (X = O, S, NH; R = alkyl, aryl, Me3Si) complexes. Chemical shift correlations with cis-Mo(CO)4(PPh)2XR)2 chemical shifts

Abstract The synthesis of a series of Mo(CO)5(PPh2XR) complexes are reported. The complexes have been characterized by multinuclear NMR-, infrared,-, and mass spectroscopy. Chemical shift correlations between the carbonyl 13C and 17O, P-C 13C, 31P and 95Mo chemical shifts are demonstrated to depend upon the similarity in size of the XR groups. Fair to excellent correlations between these chemical shifts and similar chemical shifts of some cis-Mo(CO)4(PPh2XR)2 complexes are reported and indicate that the steric effect the PPh2XR ligands are similar in the two sets of complexes.
A descriptive study of children with chronic hoarseness.

Abstract Chronically hoarse children with nodules were found to be similar to those without nodules on various perceptual measures. Twenty of thirty of these children showed improvement after a year of rehabilitation in the public schools; improvement varied according to the abilities of individual clinicians.
Potential future marketplace role of broadband power line carrier

Summary form only given. This presentation addresses the potential future role of broadband power line carrier in the overall broadband marketplace. In particular, it focuses on the promise offered by broadband PLC to solve the so-called "last-mile" problem, i.e., providing the last mile connection to homes and buildings within the overall broadband infrastructure.
Binding and mobility of anti-dinitrophenyl monoclonal antibodies on fluid-like, Langmuir-Blodgett phospholipid monolayers containing dinitrophenyl-conjugated phospholipids

Abstract The association of a fluorescently labelled anti-dinitrophenyl monoclonal antibody (ANO2) with Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers composed of three different binary mixtures of phosphatidylcholine and dinitrophenyl-conjugated phosphatidylethanolamine has been characterized. Quantitative fluorescence microscopy measurements demonstrated that measurable amounts of antibodies bound to the monolayers only at high molar fractions of dinitrophenyl-conjugated lipid (≥ 5 mol%). Fluorescence pattern photobleaching recovery measurements showed that the apparent translational diffusion coefficients and mobile fractions of a fluorescent lipid were high for all monolayer compositions and that the antibody translational mobility was measurable but slow and depended on the two-dimensional antibody density. The results demonstrate that the ANO2-binding characteristics of Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers containing dinitrophenyl-conjugated phospholipids are substantially different from those of similar model systems but that the ANO2 antibodies, when bound, display similar diffusive behavior.
Effects of Variable Aspect-Ratio Inclusions on the Electrical Impedance of an Alumina Zirconia Composite at Intermediate Temperatures

A series of alumina-yttria-stabilized zirconia composites containing either a high aspect ratio (5 and 30 mol%) hexagonal platelet alumina or an alumina low aspect ratio (5 and 30 mol%) spherical particulate was used to determine the effect of the aspect ratio on the temperature-dependent impedance of the composite material. The highest impedance across the temperature range of 373 to 1073 K is attributed to the grain boundary of the hexagonal platelet second phase in this alumina zirconia composite.
Heterothallism in Sphaerotheca fuliginea

Sphaerotheca fuliginea infecting cucurbits was demonstrated to be heterothallic. Isolates were ob? tained from pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) in New York and summer squash (C. pepo) in Florida. Heterothal? lism was demonstrated by growing isolates singly or in pairs on detached leaves of summer squash in culture. These leaves were in two joined petri dishes with the leaf blade in the upper dish and the petiole in soil in the lower dish. Cleistothecia formed only when two compatible isolates were grown together. Six isolates were assigned to mating type MAT 1-2 and 59 were assigned to MAT 1-1. Special stimulatory conditions, such as low temperature or senescence of host tissue, were not required for cleistothecial formation on de? tached leaves or on greenhouse-grown plants. Hyaline cleistothecia were observed as soon as 8 days after inoculation and became brown in 1-5 days. Unequal distribution of mating types may at least partially ac- count for the rare occurrence of cleistothecia world? wide.
Thermal pollution and the aquatic microbial community: Possible consequences

Abstract Construction of nuclear power plants to meet increased needs for electricity may create the problem of thermal pollution. This artificial warming our lakes and rivers could have serious limnological effects. Of primary concern is the effect of thermal pollution on the composition of the biotic community and especially on the activities of the micro-organisms in the aquatic ecosystem. Disruption or alteration of the microbial populations present in a given area will affect all life-forms present in this environment.
Relativistic Doppler Broadening Diagnostics

The theory of the Doppler broadening of radiated or backscattered monochromatic waves is investigated. A simple idealized model is discussed, to show that the classical theory of correlating the frequency spectrum with the line-of-sight velocity-distribution is inadequate. It is demonstrated that relativistic consideration; yield first-order effects which exist even for low velocities. Consequently, if the spectral and velocity-distribution profiles are compared, the spectral curve shows de-emphasis and preemphasis for lower and higher frequencies, respectively. Experimental evidence supports the theory.
Accelerated reliability demonstration and assurance test design

This paper, shows how the fixed duration and reliability assurance tests, time and cost prohibitive in the past, can be accelerate to achieve two fold advantage: to determine item (product) reliability as it is related to its actual use stresses, and to considerable shorten the test time, to accommodate reasonable cost and tight program schedules. While traditional tests of this type were modeled mathematically to produce the measure of reliability as MTBF with the assumption of all failure rates being constant, there is little or no guidance on what the environmental and operational stresses need to be applied during the test.
Discovering multirelational structure in social media streams

In this article, we present a novel algorithm to discover multirelational structures from social media streams. A media item such as a photograph exists as part of a meaningful interrelationship among several attributes, including time, visual content, users, and actions. Discovery of such relational structures enables us to understand the semantics of human activity and has applications in content organization, recommendation algorithms, and exploratory social network analysis.We are proposing a novel nonnegative matrix factorization framework to characterize relational structures of group photo streams. The factorization incorporates image content features and contextual information. The idea is to consider a cluster as having similar relational patterns; each cluster consists of photos relating to similar content or context. Relations represent different aspects of the photo stream data, including visual content, associated tags, photo owners, and post times. The extracted structures minimize the mutual information of the predicted joint distribution. We also introduce a relational modularity function to determine the structure cost penalty, and hence determine the number of clusters. Extensive experiments on a large Flickr dataset suggest that our approach is able to extract meaningful relational patterns from group photo streams. We evaluate the utility of the discovered structures through a tag prediction task and through a user study. Our results show that our method based on relational structures, outperforms baseline methods, including feature and tag frequency based techniques, by 35p--420p. We have conducted a qualitative user study to evaluate the benefits of our framework in exploring group photo streams. The study indicates that users found the extracted clustering results clearly represent major themes in a group; the clustering results not only reflect how users describe the group data but often lead the users to discover the evolution of the group activity.
A calculus for services innovation

Innovation in the services area — especially in the electronic services (e-services) domain — can be systematically developed by first considering the strategic drivers and foci, then the tactical principles and enablers, and finally the operational decision attributes, all of which constitute a process or calculus of services innovation. More specifically, there are four customer drivers (i.e., collaboration, customization, integration and adaptation), three business foci (i.e., creation-focused, solution-focused and competition-focused), six business principles (i.e., reconstruct market boundaries, focus on the big picture not numbers, reach beyond existing demand, get strategic sequence right, overcome organizational hurdles and build execution into strategy), eight technical enablers (i.e., software algorithms, automation, telecommunication, collaboration, standardization, customization, organization, and globalization), and six attributes of decision informatics (i.e., decision-driven, information-based, real-time, continuously-adaptive, customer-centric and computationally-intensive). It should be noted that the four customer drivers are all directed at empowering the individual — that is, at recognizing that the individual can, respectively, contribute in a collaborative situation, receive customized or personalized attention, access an integrated system or process, and obtain adaptive real-time or just-in-time input. The developed process or calculus serves to identify the potential white spaces or blue oceans for innovation. In addition to expanding on current innovations in services and related experiences, white spaces are identified for possible future innovations; they include those that can mitigate the unforeseen consequences or abuses of earlier innovations, safeguard our rights to privacy, protect us from the always-on, interconnected world, provide us with an authoritative search engine, and generate a GDP metric that can adequately measure the growing knowledge economy, one driven by intangible ideas and services innovation.
In vitro development of precursor cells in the myogenic lineage

Abstract Expression of the muscle-specific integral membrane protein H36 and the intermediate filament protein desmin, detected by immunofluorescence, was used to identify cells at distinct stages in the skeletal myogenic lineage. These proteins were coordinately expressed in cultures of rat hindlimb myoblasts from 17- and 19-day fetuses and newborn pups, and in satellite cells from juveniles. Both H36 + and desmin + cells were present in cultures from 13.5- and 15-day embryonic hindlimbs, but desmin expression was more prevalent: H36 − /desmin + myoblasts predominate during this early stage of development. H36 was not detected in Day 12 embryo hindlimb bud cells in vivo nor in cultures soon after plating. Initially, only 1% of the Day 12 limb bud cells expressed desmin. When these cells were serially passaged every 3–4 days, cells with all three possible myogenic phenotypes developed: that is, H36 + /desmin − , H36 + /desmin + , and H36 − /desmin + cells. There was a progressive increase in the frequency of H36 + cells, with 75% of cells positive by passage 6 (Day 27 in vitro ). The maximum frequency of cells that expressed desmin occurred in passage 5 (Day 23 in vitro ). These results demonstrate that precursors to the cells that express H36 and desmin are present in the 12-day embryo hindlimb bud and that the transition from H36 − /desmin − precursors to cells with a myogenic phenotype can occur in vitro . MyoD1 and myogenin were not detected in these cells, suggesting that the initial expression of H36 and desmin in the myogenic lineage may precede and/or is independent of these regulatory proteins. The conversion of precursor cells in the 12-day limb bud to a more advanced stage of development serves to define additional cells in the myogenic lineage. The ability to monitor in vitro these stages of development affords the opportunity to study how they are regulated.
Euro conversion and return dynamics of European financial markets: a frequency domain approach

Using a frequency domain approach, we compare the spectra of equity market index returns for the 12 Euro-zone countries, the UK, the US, and Japan, over several time frames before and after the introduction of the Euro. In the immediate aftermath of the Euro-introduction, we find a reduced volatility over all frequencies, in which no strong cyclical components are present. However, in the long run, equity markets exhibit a volatility increase: the larger European equity markets develop dynamics that exhibit strikingly similar patterns, while the smaller European equity markets appear to follow dynamics closely resembling white noise. The similarity in dynamics is a likely candidate to explain the increase in correlation among the European markets. Furthermore, the European equity markets initially exhibited dynamics that resembled those of the US, while after the introduction of the Euro, the dynamics of the European Markets exhibits patterns similar to those found the UK. This suggests a change in the dynamic interdependency between the UK and the European markets and an increased convergence of UK market behavior with that behavior dominant in the Euro-zone. The findings may provide important implications for investors seeking to take advantage of international diversification.
Sympathectomy for reflex sympathetic dystrophy: factors affecting outcome.

This study includes our 12-year experience with chemical sympathetic blocks and surgical sympathectomies for causalgic pain of reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) with emphasis on factors affecting clinical outcome. Medical records of patients undergoing sympathectomies for causalgic pain were analyzed. The patients were classified according to Drucker et al. as stage I, II, or III. Results of chemical and surgical sympathectomies were analyzed using both univariate and multivariate methods. Twenty-one patients had lumbar and seven had cervicodorsal sympathectomies for RSD. The mean duration between initial injury and chemical sympathetic block was 10 months with a mean of 11.4 months to surgical sympathectomy. Ten patients (36%) had overt extremity trauma as the precipitating event. Ten patients (36%) had a lumbar laminectomy, three of whom developed the syndrome bilaterally. There was no operative mortality; however, 25% had transient postoperative sympathetic neuralgia. The early and late (> 6 months) satisfactory outcomes after surgical sympathectomy were 82% and 71 %, respectively. Patients with stage II presentations were significantly more likely to have satisfactory early (92%) and late (79%) outcomes than stage III patients, 0% and 0% ( p = 0.019). Patients with an excellent response to chemical sympathetic block were more likely to have satisfactory early and late surgical outcomes. The time between injury and chemical block and surgical sympathectomy was significantly shorter in patients who had satisfactory early and late surgical outcomes ( p p = 0.001). Surgical sympathectomy should be confined to patients with stage II disease who have had an excellent response to chemical sympathetic block and when relief from repeated sympathetic block becomes less effective and the response is dramatic but of shorter duration.
Reaction of ovine prolactin with 2-(2-nitrophenylsulfenyl)-3-methyl-3'-bromoindolemine.

The two tryptophan bonds at positions 91 and 150 in ovine prolactin have been cleaved by the use of 2-(2-nitrophenylsulfenyl)-3-methyl-3′-bromoindolemine. The reaction yielded three products: a small fragment containing residues 92–150, a large fragment consisting of residues 1–91 and 151–199 joined by a disulfide bond, and a derivative containing uncleaved but oxidized prolactin. The yield of the two fragments was 38% and 26%, respectively, indicating a cleavage of approximately 55% for each tryptophan residue. The products were characterized by exclusion chromotography, amino acid analysis, isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide, circular dichroism spectra, two-dimensional chromatography/electrophoresis on tryptic digests, and ultraviolet absorption spectra. The oxidized but uncleaved product had immunological activity, whereas the two fragments had none. None of these derivatives was active as assayed by the pigeon crop-sac test.
Surficial geology and geomorphology of eastern and central Wright Valley, Antarctica

Abstract Surficial deposits in eastern and central Wright Valley, Antarctica, record multiple inland incursions of grounded ice from the Ross Sea Embayment. Glacial geologic mapping, coupled with 42 AMS 14 C dates of lacustrine algae and 10 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dates of basalt erratics, indicate westward ice expansion at least eight times during the Pliocene and Quaternary. The most extensive westward incursion resulted in an advance of at least 21 km beyond the margin of present-day Wright Lower Glacier, accompanied by ice thickening of ≥500 m at the location of the present-day Wilson Piedmont Glacier in the eastern valley mouth. Large proglacial lakes and glaciolacustrine sedimentation coincide with at least some of these advances.
COLOR DOPPLER AND DOPPLER SPECTRAL ANALYSIS IN THE SPINAL CORD OF NORMAL DOGS

Doppler ultrasonography of the spinal cord was performed in 34 normal, anesthetized dogs following hemilaminectomy. This study was part of an investigation to evaluate the efficacy of a 21-aminosteroid compound and high dose methylprednisolone for the treatment of spinal cord trauma. Grey-scale images of the canine spinal cord were similar to those described for the spinal cord of people. Doppler waveforms of intraparenchymal spinal arteries exhibited high end diastolic blood flow velocities, indicating low resistance to flow. Doppler values (mean ± SD) for arteries immediately ventrolateral to the central canal were: Peak Systolic Velocity = 5.78 ± 2.5 cm/sec, Minimum Diastolic Velocity = 3.5 ± 1.62 cm/sec, Mean Velocity = 4.45 ± 1.96 cm/sec, Minimum Diastolic Velocity = 3.5 ± 1.62 cm/sec, Mean Velocity = 4.45 ± 1.96 cm/sec, Systolic/Diastolic ratio = 169 ± 0.19, Pulsatility Index = 0.53 ± 0.09, and Resistance Index = 0.4 ± 0.06.
Carbon-14 dating of small samples by proportional counting.

Conventional carbon-14 dating by means of gas proportional counters has been extended to samples containing as little as 10 milligrams of carbon. The accuracy of the dating procedure has been checked by dating sequoia tree-ring samples of the 1st century A.D. and B.C. and an oak tree-ring sample of the 19th century A.D.
ESR, optical absorption, and luminescence studies of the peroxy-radical defect in topaz

Fast-neutron irradiation of natural topaz crystals produces a single paramagnetic radiation damage center in high concentration. ESR of this center shows a holelike spectrum with {ital S}=1/2 and a strongly anisotropic {ital g} tensor: {ital g}{sub {ital x}{ital x}}=2.0027, {ital g}{sub {ital y}{ital y}}=2.0055, and {ital g}{sub {ital z}{ital z}}=2.0407. We identify this defect as an intrinsic O{sub 2}{sup {minus}} center in the form of a peroxy radical. The orientation of the {ital g} tensor helps confirm this assignment, as does the extraordinary thermal stability; annealing temperatures near 800 {degree}C are required for complete removal. Two uv absorption bands are associated with the peroxy radical, each with oscillator strength near 0.09. Pumping in the higher energy band leads to a polarization-sensitive 2.5-eV luminescence; the other uv band apparently relaxes nonradiatively.
Abstract LB-451: Treatment with hormonal blockade in estrogen receptor-positive tumors and correlation with molecular markers: a phase I pilot study of anastrozole in combination with everolimus, bevacizumab, sorafenib or erlotinib

Background: Estrogen receptors are expressed across a variety of solid tumor types and may predict response to hormonal therapy. Objectives: Objectives were to evaluate safety, response signals and correlation with molecular aberrations. Methods: Beginning December 7, 2010 patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER+), advanced cancers were treated with anastrozole combinations. Toxicities were monitored and imaging evaluations were performed every 3 cycles (1 cycle = 4 weeks). Results: Patients were treated with anastrozole (1 mg) alone or in combination with everolimus (5 or 10 mg PO daily) (N = 18), bevacizumab (10mg/kg or 15 mg/kg IV q21d) (N = 5), sorafenib (200 mg PO BID or 400 mg qam/200 mg qhs) (N = 23), or erlotinib (75 mg PO daily) (N = 3). No dose-limiting toxicities or serious toxicities (≥ grade 3) were observed. On anastrozole/everolimus, 6/18 patients (33%) had either stable disease (SD) ≥ 6 months or partial response (PR) (breast cancer, 4; ovarian cancer, 2). 3 of 4 patients with SD ≥ 6 months or PR and available molecular results showed either PTEN loss or PIK3CA mutation or both. On anastrazole/bevacizumab, 1/5 patients (20%) had SD (11 months+; ovarian cancer). On anastrozole/sorafenib, 23/23 patients had progression of disease (PD). On anastrozole/erlotinib, 3/3 patients had PD. Conclusions: Treatment with anastrozole in combination with everolimus, bevacizumab, sorafenib or erlotinib is feasible and anastrozole/everolimus has demonstrated response signals in ER+ tumors (breast and ovarian), particularly in patients with PTEN loss or PIK3CA mutations. Study expansion and molecular profiling are ongoing. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-451. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-451
ZnSe– and Se–GaAs interfaces

We have studied via LEED, AES, and EELS the (110) and (100) interfaces between GaAs and ZnSe or Se deposited in UHV on sputter‐annealed substrates. These interfaces are reactives. Although nearly stoichiometric (ϑ>20 A) crystalline ZnSe films can be grown on GaAs by congruent evaporation, the ZnSe–GaAs interfaces are nonstoichiometric and include a thin intermediate (Ga, Se) compound layer due to a Se–As exchange taking place during the early stages of growth. Various phases of the (Ga, Se) compound can be obtained, depending on the availability of Se at the interface. The structure and chemical properties of the Se–GaAs interfaces are also investigated and related to the chemical reaction observed during the formation of the ZnSe–GaAs interfaces.
Habitat use of hourglass dolphins near the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica

The hourglass dolphin Lagenorhynchus cruciger is the only regularly occurring small delphinid found south of the Antarctic Polar Front, yet little is known about its ecology and habitat use. This study uses 8 years (14 cruises) of standardized shipboard surveys during January–March (2003–2011) in southern Drake Passage near the South Shetland Islands to summarize the spatial distribution of hourglass dolphin sightings and quantify habitat use. Sighting data are linked to bathymetry (depth, slope) and distance to the average location of oceanographic features. A generalized linear model is used to examine the relationships between sightings and habitat features. Hourglass dolphins were sighted on 50% of surveys (n = 29); sightings were concentrated in February. Group size tended to be 2–6 individuals; there were only 2 sightings of larger groups, of 15 and 25 individuals. Sightings were distributed entirely within the deep pelagic waters north of the South Shetland Islands in southern Drake Passage and were closely associated with the southern boundary of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Information on occurrence and distribution reported in this study may be useful for refining habitat associations for hourglass dolphins at regional scales in the Southern Ocean.
Indoctrination U.? Faculty Ideology and Changes in Student Political Orientation

In the provocatively titled Indoctrination U., David Horowitz argues that radical members of college faculties have “intruded a political agenda into the academic curriculum,” engaging in propaganda rather than scholarship and indoctrinating students rather than teaching them (Horowitz 2007, xi). Although allegations of liberal bias in academia are nothing new, the issue has gained increased attention as the result of efforts by Horowitz and the Center for the Study of the Popular Culture (CSPC) to promote the Academic Bill of Rights for American colleges and universities.
Hydrogen exchange in BPTI variants that do not share a common disulfide bond

Bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) is stabilized by 3 disulfide bonds, between cysteines 30-51, 5-55, and 14-38. To better understand the influence of disulfide bonds on local protein structure and dynamics, we have measured amide proton exchange rates in 2 folded variants of BPTI, [5-55]Ala and [30-51; 14-38]V5A55, which share no common disulfide bonds. These proteins resemble disulfide-bonded intermediates that accumulate in the BPTI folding pathway. Essentially the same amide hydrogens are protected from exchange in both of the BPTI variants studied here as in native BPTI, demonstrating that the variants adopt fully folded, native-like structures in solution. However, the most highly protected amide protons in each variant differ, and are contained within the sequences of previously studied peptide models of related BPTI folding intermediates containing either the 5-55 or the 30-51 disulfide bond.
Preventing the gastrointestinal consequences of stress-related mucosal disease

Stress-related mucosal disease (SRMD) and subsequent upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding remain significant concerns in critically ill patients and place them at a high risk of death. Even under circumstances in which GI bleeding is detected, it is difficult to control. Thus, appropriate preventative therapy is the key to reducing mortality in patients at risk for stress-related ulceration and bleeding. Although several factors (e.g., hypoperfusion of the GI tract, reflux of bile salts) contribute to the development of stress-related ulceration, acid is presumed to be a major contributor to this disease state. Current preventative treatment strategies use histamine2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), which suppress acid secretion, and sucralfate, which provides a protective barrier against acid in the GI tract. For the past several years, H2RAs have been preferentially used over PPIs in the hospital setting because H2RAs are available in liquid and intravenous formulations, easing administration problems in the critically ill. However, extemporaneously compounded oral PPI suspensions and the recently approved intravenous formulations of pantoprazole and lansoprazole have eliminated some of the administration issues previously associated with PPIs. Additionally, study data with PPI formulations suggest efficacy in stress ulcer prophylaxis compared with H2RAs. This article provides an overview of SRMD and compares and contrasts the 3 drug classes (i.e., H2RAs, PPIs, and sucralfate) currently used for prevention of this serious complication observed in critically ill patients.
Two-Photon Luminescence Imaging Using Gold Nanorods as Bright Contrast Agents

Gold nanorods were used as molecularly targeted contrast agents for two-photon luminescence imaging of cancer cells 160 microns inside a tissue phantom. Nanorod labeled cells exhibit three orders of magnitude brighter signal than unlabeled cells.
Engine Knock Rating of Natural Gases—Methane Number

A procedure has been developed and documented for determining the methane number of gaseous fuels. The methane number provides an indication of the knock tendency of the fuel. An experimental test matrix was designed for quantifying the effects of ethane, propane, butane, and CO[sub 2]. A unique gas mixing and control system was developed to supply test gases to the engine and to control the equivalence ratio and engine operation. The results of the experiments agreed well with the limited data published in the literature. Predictive equations were developed for the methane number (MN) of gaseous fuels using the gas composition. The forms of these equations are suitable for incorporation in a computer program or a spread-sheet.
Electron-impact ionization of tungsten ions in the configuration-average distorted-wave approximation

Single-ionization cross sections for ${\mathrm{W}}^{4+},$ ${\mathrm{W}}^{5+},$ and ${\mathrm{W}}^{6+}$ are calculated in the configuration-average distorted-wave approximation. Contributions from excitation autoionization are found to be strong for each ion. When comparing theory with the recent crossed-beams measurements of Stenke et al. [J. Phys. B 28, 2711 (1995)], ionization from the ground configuration dominates for ${\mathrm{W}}^{4+}$ and ${\mathrm{W}}^{5+},$ while ionization from metastables of excited configurations dominates for ${\mathrm{W}}^{6+}.$
Endovascular stenting of an unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis in a heart transplant patient.

Endoluminal revascularization of left main coronary artery vessels is considered to be relatively contraindicated because of a high procedural mortality and restenosis rate. This report describes the first successful case of endovascular stenting in an unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis in a heart transplant patient.
Kinetic approaches to understanding the mechanisms of fidelity of the herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA polymerase.

We discuss how the results of presteady-state and steady-state kinetic analysis of the polymerizing and excision activities of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) DNA polymerase have led to a better understanding of the mechanisms controlling fidelity of this important model replication polymerase. Despite a poorer misincorporation frequency compared to other replicative polymerases with intrinsic 3′ to 5′ exonuclease (exo) activity, HSV-1 DNA replication fidelity is enhanced by a high kinetic barrier to extending a primer/template containing a mismatch or abasic lesion and by the dynamic ability of the polymerase to switch the primer terminus between the exo and polymerizing active sites. The HSV-1 polymerase with a catalytically inactivated exo activity possesses reduced rates of primer switching and fails to support productive replication, suggesting a novel means to target polymerase for replication inhibition.
Doppler-angle measurement in highly scattering media

We describe a dual-channel optical low-coherence reflectometer for accurate measurement of Doppler angles in highly scattering media. Accurate fluid-flow velocity estimation requires measurement of the Doppler shift and angle. Estimated values of the Doppler angle and average fluid-flow velocity from experimental data are in good agreement with preset values.