cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Linear, Cubic and Quintic Coordinate-Dependent Forces and Kinematic Characteristics of a Spring-Mass System

By combining a pair of linear springs we devise a nonlinear vibrator. For a one dimensional scenario the nonlinear force is composed of a polynomial of odd powers of position-dependent variable greater than or equal three. For a chosen initial condition without compromising the generality of the problem we analyze the problem considering only the leading cubic term. We solve the equation of motion analytically leading to The Jacobi Elliptic Function. To avoid the complexity of the latter, we propose a practical, intuitive-based and easy to use alternative semi-analytic method producing the same result. We demonstrate that our method is intuitive and practical vs. the plug-in Jacobi function. According to the proposed procedure, higher order terms such as quintic and beyond easily may be included in the analysis. We also extend the application of our method considering a system of a three-linear spring. Mathematica [1] is being used throughout the investigation and proven to be an indispensable computational tool.
Sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout extract attenuates nasal allergic response to diesel exhaust particles

The generation of oxidative stress by ambient air pollution particles contributes to the development of allergic sensitization and asthma, as demonstrated by intranasal challenge with well-characterized diesel exhaust particle (DEP) suspensions in humans. This effect is due to the presence of redox active organic chemicals in DEP, and can be suppressed by antioxidants and inducers of phase II enzymes in animals. In this communication, we determined whether the administration of a standardized broccoli sprout extract (BSE), which contains a reproducible amount of the sulforaphane (SFN) precursor, glucoraphanin, could be used to suppress the nasal inflammatory response in human subjects challenged with 300 μg of an aqueous DEP suspension (equivalent to daily PM exposure levels on a Los Angeles freeway). SFN is capable of inducing an antioxidant and phase II response via activation of the nuclear transcription factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). Previous studies have shown that 70–90% SFN delivered by BSE is absorbed, metabolized, and excreted in humans. An initial intranasal challenge with DEP in 29 human subjects was used to characterize the magnitude of the inflammatory response. Following a 4 week washout, a BSE that delivers a reproducible and standardized dose of 100 μmol SFN in mango juice was administered daily for four days. The nasal DEP challenge was repeated and lavage fluid collected to perform white blood cell (WBC) counts. The average nasal WBC increased by 66% over the initial screening levels and by 85% over the control levels 24 hours after DEP exposure. However, total cell counts decreased by 54% when DEP challenge was preceded by daily BSE administration for 4 days (p < 0.001). Since the SFN dose in these studies is equivalent to the consumption of 100–200 g broccoli, our study demonstrates the potential preventive and therapeutic potential of broccoli or broccoli sprouts rich in glucoraphanin for reducing the impact of particulate pollution on allergic disease and asthma.
Vascular effects of LPS in mice deficient in expression of the gene for inducible nitric oxide synthase

The inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is expressed after systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The importance of expression of iNOS in blood vessels is poorly defined...
SOLITARY HYPERFUNCTIONING THYROID NODULES

ABSTRACT The thyroidal uptake and distribution of I131 were studied in 15 patients with clinically solitary nodules in the thyroid. In each patient the nodule was hyperfunctioning and accounted for almost all the activity; 9 of the patients were euthyroid, 5 were thyrotoxic, and 1 was in a borderline state between euthyroidism and thyrotoxicosis. In each of the patients studied after administration of triiodothyronine or thyroid-stimulating hormone, regardless of whether the patient was euthyroid or thyrotoxic, no nodule was suppressed by triiodothyronine, but the nonfunctioning thyroid outside the nodule was always responsive to thyroid-stimulating hormone. This suggests that such nodules elaborate a hormone which indirectly or directly suppresses the remainder of the thyroid, and that the nodules are autonomous since they are suppressed neither by their own hormone nor by exogenous triiodothyronine.
Quantitation of Cell-Free and Cell-Associated Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus DNA by Real-Time PCR

A real-time PCR assay for quantitation of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV or human herpesvirus 8) DNA was evaluated. The linear dynamic range was 10 to 105 copies of KSHV DNA (r2 > 0.99). The accuracy of DNA purification and quantitation was less than ±0.4 log10 copies for samples that contained from 10 to 105 copies of KSHV DNA. Cell-associated KSHV DNA was quantitated over a range of infected cell frequencies from 0.1 to 10−5, and cell-free KSHV DNA in plasma was quantitated over a range of 100 to 106 copies/ml. Real-time PCR provides a convenient method for quantitation of cell-free and cell-associated KSHV DNA in laboratory and clinical specimens.
Performance of valued life activities reflected asthma-specific quality of life more than general physical function.

Abstract Objective We examined the prevalence of disability in valued life activities (VLAs) among a group of adults with asthma and the impact of general physical function and performance of VLAs on asthma-specific quality of life (QOL). Study design and setting Interview data collected from two waves of a longitudinal cohort study were used to examine the prevalence of disability in VLAs, the cross-sectional association of general function and performance of VLAs with QOL, and the longitudinal association of changes in general function and changes in performance of VLAs with changes in QOL. General function was assessed with the SF-12; VLAs were assessed with a newly developed measure. Results A substantial portion of subjects reported disability in VLAs. VLA function was a stronger predictor of QOL than general physical function in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Conclusion Performance of VLAs is more closely tied to asthma-specific QOL than is general physical function.
Biologically-inspired vascular antenna reconfiguration mechanism

A biologically-inspired fluidic network based on the human vascular system and transport of colloidal dispersions is proposed as an antenna reconfiguration mechanism. The impact of fluidic colloidal dispersion properties on the impedance behaviour is predicted. Trends in analytical, simulated and measured results show good agreement.
A HISTORY OF GENOCIDE IN RWANDA

When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism and Genocide in Rwanda. By MAHMOOD MAMDANI. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000. Pp. xvi+364. $29.95/£19.95 (ISBN 0-691-05821-0).
Resolving operational and performance problems encountered in the use of a pilot/full‐scale biotrickling filter reactor

A pilot/full-scale biotrickling filter reactor experiment was p e rf o rmed at an industrial site to treat styrene laden waste gas. The engineered system consisted of two stainless steel tanks in series, each with filter bed volumes of 4.0 m3 , filled with 3.5inch plastic spheres. The system treated 340 m3 h -1 of air laden with styrene concentrations ranging up to 0.8 g m- 3 . O ver the five-month study, styrene elimination was demons t rated up to 24 g m-3 h -1 (35 g m - 3 h -1 a c ross the first tank in series) with 70 to 85% re m oval. Op e rational and perf o rmance problems we re identified that differ from those deve loped under controlled, labora t o ry set-ups. Op e rational pro blems typically invo l ved equipment malfunctions, with the most prone to failure pieces of equipment being the air sampling system and water level sensors. Pe rf o rmance pro b l e m s we re identified that possibly limited the styrene re m oval. The t ransient operation of the plant, producing discontinuous, unsteady-state concentrations, made it difficult to establish a stable biofilm on the packing material. Experiments we re perf o rmed indicating both biological and mass transfer limitations may have occurred.
Maintenance of innate feeding preferences by a polyphagous insect despite ingestion of applied deleterious chemicals

The question of whether the appearance of a novel deleterious chemical in a preferred host plant could alter the relative degree of preference by a polyphagous insect during its lifetime was considered. The behavioral preference of fall armyworm, Spodopterafrugiperda (1. E. Smith), for corn (Zea mays L.) over red kidney bean Phaseolus spp. was quantified in a two-way choice test, and followed by a no-choice test in which the same larvae were fed either treated or untreated corn. Each treatment consisted of one of 15 compounds, including 13 naturally occurring allelochemicals and two synthetic insecticides. None of the test chemicals had any inherently deterrent effect at the rates tested. Deleterious effects on the larvae during exposure in­ cluded reduced growth, reduced size, irritancy, and in some cases death. After this exposure the two way choice test was repeated. All test compounds failed to elicit a change in relative preference during the final two-way choice test. However, larvae exposed to gossypol and chrysanthemum monocarboxylic acid ester fed less than expected during the latter stages of no-choice conditions. The degree of aversion learning by each larva was related to the degree of prior sickness it had experienced.
Preliminary Analysis of Off-Normal Emissions from a Hazardous Waste Incinerator

A preliminary assessment of off-normal POHC emissions for a given scenario from a liquid injection incinerator is reported here. The fault tree technique is used to assess the off-normal emission frequency and the fault trees are quantified using IRRAS software. Based on the information available, some assumptions are made to choose the models for the off-normal emission rate, duration and feed rate. The Monte Carlo technique is employed to get the distribution of the off-normal emission quantity. The preliminary results show that the mean, 5th and 95th percentiles of the off-normal emissions are 0.6, 4 × 10−5 and 1.1 times of the normal POHC emissions, respectively.
The impact of intravenous antibiotics on health-related quality of life outcomes and clinical recovery after third molar surgery.

Purpose: We sought to compare recovery for clinical and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes after third molar surgery in patients treated with or without intravenous antibiotics at surgery. Patients and Methods: Fifty-six patients at least 18 years of age and with all 4 third molars below the occlusal plane, treated at 3 clinical centers, were given intravenous antibiotics just before third molar surgery. Clinical and HRQOL outcomes of these patients were compared with those of a nonconcurrent control group (n = 60 patients) who did not receive antibiotics. The control group was selected using the same criteria and treated under the same surgical protocol as the antibiotic group. Differences between the groups were assessed with Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel row mean score statistics. Results: The incidence of delayed clinical recovery defined as a postsurgery visit with treatment was higher in the control group compared with the antibiotic group. In the antibiotic group, 4% had 1 postsurgery visit with treatment; no patient had 2 visits. In the control group without antibiotics, 28% had at least 1 postsurgery visit with treatment (P < .0001) and 13% had at least 2 postsurgery visits with treatment. No statistically significant differences in HRQOL outcomes were found between the 2 groups. Conclusions: Administration of intravenous antibiotics before third molar surgery may improve clinical recovery in healthy adult patients with all 4 third molars below the occlusal plane, a presenting characteristic that has been suggested as a risk factor for delayed recovery. The findings from this exploratory trial indicate that evaluation of the effectiveness of systemic antibiotic administration with third molar surgery in a randomized, multi-intervention, explanatory clinical trial is warranted.
Prevalence of ABO Maternal‐Infant Incompatibility in Asians, Blacks, Hispanics and Caucasians

Previous studies suggest that race is a risk factor in ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn (ABO-HDN). In order to compare the prevalence of ABO-HDN in Asian, Black, Hispanic and Caucasian infants, we studied 10,611 consecutive births at one hospital over a 6-year period. Among group A infants born to group O mothers, the prevalence of positive DAT differed among the four groups (p = 0.007), and was highest in Asians (50%) and lowest in Caucasians (31%). However, the proportions of infants who required exchange transfusion were not different (p = 0.351). Among group B infants born to group O mothers, the prevalence of positive DAT was not different among the four groups (p = 0.26) and none of these 166 group B infants with a positive DAT result required exchange transfusion. Our findings suggest that there are small ethnic differences in the prevalence of positive DAT results in group A infants born to group O mothers, but the prevalence of clinical disease which requires exchange transfusion does not differ significantly among Asian, Black, Hispanic and Caucasian infants.
Conformationally Driven Asymmetric Induction of a Catalytic Dendrimer

Nature’s catalysts promote the reactions necessary for life with extremely high specificity by folding into specific shapes capable of communicating remote structural information to an active site. Achieving this objective in synthetic systems has been hampered by the lack of information concerning how dynamic conformational chirality can influence the stereoselectivity of a catalytic process. Herein, we report the first illustration of a catalytic dendrimer that achieves high enantioselectivity by amplifying/propagating local chirality via a dynamically folded structure. Experimental evidence supports a chiral relay mechanism that propagates local terminal chirality of the dendron to the axial chirality of the biphenyl core through the helical secondary structure of the dendron.
Chen, Hescott Win Society Education Awards

Wen-Tsuen Chen, the 2011 IEEE Computer Society Taylor L. Booth Award recipient, is a Distinguished Chair Professor in the Department of Computer Science at National Tsing Hua University, where he has served as department chair, dean, and university president.
Antecedents of purchasing concentration: A transaction cost explanation

Abstract The present study develops a model that explicates the relationship between purchasing concentration strategies and transaction governance, i.e., whether purchasing arrangements are organized in a marketlike fashion using arms-length exchanges with many suppliers, versus intermediate form governance (Williamson, 1985) that involves interorganizational relationships with one or a few suppliers. Three purchasing concentration decisions—the number of sources, how total purchasing volume is distributed among all sources, and the actual proportion allocated to a particular supplier—are the focus of an empirical study conducted in the chemical industry. This research examines how these outcome variables are influenced by specific investments dedicated to a particular supplier and environmental uncertainty, two key factors cited in transaction cost theory as determinants of transaction governance. Overall, our results support the expectation of greater purchasing concentration when buyers commit to specific investments. Conversely, environmental uncertainty, in its own right, is found to lead buyers to avoid purchasing concentration by distributing purchasing volume more evenly over all sources and to moderate the effect of specific investments on the allocation to a focal supplier.
Real-time, low cost embedded de-noising of motor position control signals

In feedback control system applications, sensor signals, often noisy, must be fed back to the controller under tight time constraints. Conventional de-noising methods were developed without considering delay, and are inappropriate for feedback loops. An embedded, short-delay signal de-noising system is suggested in this paper. The system is specifically designed to de-noise the position control signal for a sensorless switched reluctance motor, but can be extended to other applications. The results show that a significant noise reduction is achieved with a latency of 66 ns.
An exploratory survival analysis of anti-angiogenic therapy for recurrent malignant glioma

Recent clinical trial results suggest that anti-angiogenic therapy may be effective against recurrent malignant glioma. Though these treatments prolong progression-free survival, the extent to which they prolong overall survival is unknown. We pooled data from 34 patients treated at a single institution on phase II clinical trials of bevacizumab and cediranib, and we compared these data to 18 patients treated on clinical trials of cytotoxic chemotherapies. In univariate and multivariate analyses, treatment group was a significant predictor of progression-free but not overall survival. Median progression-free survival was 8 vs. 22 weeks in patients treated with cytotoxic as compared to anti-angiogenic therapy (P = 0.01). Median overall survival was nearly identical in the two groups (39 vs. 37 weeks). The results of this exploratory analysis suggest that anti-angiogenic therapy may fail to prolong overall survival in patients with recurrent malignant glioma. If this conclusion proves correct, progression-free survival may be an inappropriate endpoint for phase II trials of anti-angiogenic therapies.
Managerial Ability and Earnings Quality

We examine the relation between managerial ability and earnings quality. We find that earnings quality is positively associated with managerial ability. Specifically, more able managers are associated with fewer subsequent restatements, higher earnings and accruals persistence, lower errors in the bad debt provision, and higher quality accrual estimations. The results are consistent with the premise that managers can and do impact the quality of the judgments and estimates used to form earnings.
Applications of Elastomers in Solid Rocket Powerplants

Abstract Application of elastomers in the manufacture of solid-propelled powerplants is discussed. Thermal, ablative, and erosion-resistant properties of elastomeric composite materials are influenced by the composition of the elastomeric binder, the shape and composition of the reinforcing filler, filler loading, and the filler-to-elastomer ratio. The development of high performance motors, operating at higher chamber pressures, higher combustion flame temperatures, and for longer burning durations clearly point to the need for further advances in the insulative motor components for the liner, motor case, slivers, and nozzle if the requirements for improved future rocket designs are to be met.
How Attitude Functions, Attitude Change, and Beliefs Affect Community Sentiment Toward the Facebook Law

The public’s attitude toward an object (e.g., a law) can be referred to as community sentiment. Sentiment is not static, however; it could change for many reasons, including if the public receives more information about that object. The functions the attitude serves (i.e., to express one’s values), beliefs about the attitude object, and demographics also could relate to sentiment. This chapter assessed sentiment toward regulation of social networks (i.e., a law forbidding teachers to contact minors on sites like Facebook). Participants were initially uninformed about and unsupportive of the regulation of online social networks, but receiving information increased support (sentiment). This indicates that one’s well-thought-out sentiment might differ from one’s initial reactionary sentiment. Additionally, when individuals held a stronger social-expressive attitude function (i.e., participants who were more concerned with how others perceived them) or had a weak belief that such laws would negatively impact teachers, they were more supportive of the regulation. Other individual variables did not affect support. Results have implications for attitude theories, community sentiment, and laws regulating social networks.
What's on Your Playlist? The Power of Podcasts as a Pedagogical Tool

It is six in the morning and a law student is walking her dog before beginning a full day of classes. Across town a few hours later, a classmate rushes onto a crowded subway train, forced to stand sandwiched between strangers during his commute to school. That afternoon, an evening student sits in rush hour traffic, hoping to make it into the city in time for class. Later that night, a student jogs on a treadmill at the gym after a long day of school. What do all of these students have in common? They are learning by listening to their professors' podcasts. Even though they are located in different places, at different times of the day, while their hands or eyes may not be free to open a book to study, they can still listen and learn. This article discusses how and why professors can use podcasts to supplement their classroom instruction to enhance their students' education. Podcasts provide students with an opportunity to listen to their professor outside of the time and space constraints of the classroom. This article discusses the accessibility, portability, and simplicity of using podcasts. Whether a student is a night owl or a morning person, whether she prefers to listen to a podcast on her iPod or MP3 player, burn a CD, or listen to it on her computer, the student decides when, where, and how she will listen to the podcast on her own terms and timetables. The article also examines the benefits and challenges of using podcasts. Finally, it illustrates how professors can use podcasts as a teaching tool to reach today's multi-tasking, technology-savvy student in a different way than traditional classroom teaching methods. Now instead of just listening to rock, pop, jazz, country, or any other musical genre, students can add their law school podcasts to their playlist.
Direct Mutagen Risk Assessment: The Development of Methods to Measure Immunologic and Genetic Responses to Mutagens

Accepting society’s addiction to the products of industrial technology, it is our responsibility to try to ascertain the adverse effects of chemical and physical agents. An escalating awareness of the potential and manifest severities of mutagen-related health effects confers a sense of urgency upon the problem of producing and utilizing relevant data for sound risk-versus-benefit predictions and decisions. The purpose of this disquisition is to review our efforts to develop methods with which to evaluate the in vivo effects of mutagen exposure in cells taken directly from the body.
Executive orders for human rights: The case of Obama’s LGBT nondiscrimination order

The present article analyzes Executive Order 13672, which extends workplace protections to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) workers who are employed or seeking jobs with federal contr...
Associational Resistance in Squash Monocultures and Polycultures in Tropical Mexico

Herbivore densities, weed composition and abundance, and crop yields per land unit were compared between squash monocultures and traditional maize/legume/ squash polycultures in tropical Mexico. The most abundant insect pest in the system, Diaphania hyalinata (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), generally had lower population densities in polycultures than in monocultures. The squash bug, Anasa tristis (De Geer) (Heteroptera: Coreidae), tended to be more common in polycultures. Reasons for the observed patterns of squash herbivore densities are discussed in terms of the “resource concentration” hypothesis. Weed height and biomass were significantly greater in monoculture and, although yields of each component crop were decreased, total crop yields were higher in polycultures when estimated as a land equivalent ratio.
Social Class and Commercial Bank Credit Card Usage

Relationships between an individual's social class and his purchasing behavior in using a commercial bank credit card are described in this article. Important card-use patterns with market segmenta...
A Triadic Reflective-Impulsive-Interoceptive Awareness Model of General and Impulsive Information System Use: Behavioral Tests of Neuro-Cognitive Theory.

This study examines a behavioral tripartite model developed in the field of addiction, and applied here to understanding general and impulsive information technology use. It suggests that technology use is driven by two information-processing brain systems: reflective and impulsive, and that their effects on use are modulated by interoceptive awareness processes. The resultant reflective-impulsive-interoceptive awareness model is tested in two behavioral studies. Both studies employ SEM techniques to time-lagged self-report data from n1=300 and n2=369 social networking site users. Study 1 demonstrated that temptations augment the effect of habit on technology use, and reduce the effect of satisfaction on use. Study 2 showed that temptations strengthen the effect of habit on impulsive technology use, and weaken the effect of behavioral expectations on impulsive technology use. Hence, the results consistently support the notion that information technology users’ behaviors are influenced by reflective and impulsive information processing systems; and that the equilibrium of these systems is determined, at least in part, by one’s temptations. These results can serve as a basis for understanding the etiology of modern day addictions.
The Teflon President and the Velcro President: A Comparison of Public Opinion Media Coverage and Approval Ratings During the Reagan and Obama Administrations

two-fold: to determine if evidence from Reagan’s terms and Obama’s term so far support the Teflon/Velcro dichotomy and secondly to seek to explain what is behind this phenomenon. What, if anything, does Obama have to learn from Reagan when it comes to avoiding criticisms that stick? The economic and partisan characteristics that the Reagan and Obama presidencies have in common permit a comparison of how presidents are treated in the media and how they are thought of by the public. In this paper, we focus on how presidential approval ratings change over the course of: a given presidential term, periods of united and divided government, changes in media coverage, and economic fluctuations. While the specific mechanisms may not yet be known, the presence of relationships among some of these factors and presidential approval is fairly certain. Most of the studies on presidential approval are based on aggregate data that does not provide information on individual behavior (Edwards et al., 1995). For instance, it has been
Fast Parallel Stochastic Subspace Algorithms for Large-Scale Ambient Oscillation Monitoring

With the installation of synchrophasors widely across the power grid, measurement-based oscillation monitoring algorithms are becoming increasingly useful in identifying the real-time oscillatory modal properties in power systems. When the number of phasor measurement unit (PMU) channels grows, the computational time of many PMU data based algorithms is dominated by the computational burden in processing large-scale dense matrices. In order to overcome this limitation, this paper presents new formulations and computational strategies for speeding up an ambient oscillation monitoring algorithm, namely, stochastic subspace identification (SSI). Based on previous work, two fast singular value decomposition (SVD) approaches are first applied to the SVD evaluation within the SSI algorithm. Next, block structures are exploited so that the large-scale dense matrix computations can be processed in parallel. This helps in memory savings as well as in overall computational time. Experimental results from three sets of archived data of the western interconnection demonstrate that the new approaches can provide significant speedups while retaining modal estimation accuracy. With proposed fast parallel algorithms, the real-time oscillation monitoring of the large-scale system using hundreds of PMU measurements becomes feasible.
Role of Lactic Acid Bacteria, Curing Salts, Spices and Temperature in Controlling the Growth of Yersinia enterocolitica.

Growth of Yersinia enterocolitica 0:3 and 0:8 (103 CFU/g) in cured meat at 35°C was controlled (inhibition of 3.9 to 4.0 log10 CFU/g) by each one of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) Pediococcus pentosaceus , Pediococcus acidilactici and Lactobacillus plantarum . The pH of the meat was reduced by LAB to 4.9 to 5.1. At 27°C, growth of Y. enterocolitica 0:3 and 0:8 (103 CFU/g) in cured meat was almost totally controlled with or without LAB. This inhibition of growth was observed with populations of Y. enterocolitica up to 106 CFU/g of meat. In plain meat (devoid of any additive) at 27°C, LAB inhibited (by 1.9 to 2.7 log10 CFU/g) the growth of Y. enterocolitica 0:3 and 0:8 (103 CFU/g). No change in pH of the meat was observed. Sodium chloride (3.0%) and sodium nitrite (156 mg/kg) were also observed to play an important role in the inhibition (2.3 to 3.6 log10 CFU/g) of growth of Y. enterocolitica 0:3 and 0:8. Sodium nitrite (156 mg/kg), at a concentration about 200 times lower than that of sodium chloride (3.0%), was as efficient an inhibitor to Y. enterocolitica as sodium chloride. Dextrose was slightly inhibitory to Y. enterocolitica 0:3 only. Spices, garlic powder and white pepper did not control the growth of either serotype of Y. enterocolitica . A temperature of 27°C in combination with either curing salts or LAB played an important role in controlling the growth of Y. enterocolitica in meat thus contributing to the safety of the product.
The Fine Structure of Certain Secretory Cells in the Optic Tentacles of the Snail, Helix Aspersa

In Helix aspersa , the cytoplasm of the collar cells that surround the tentacular ganglion contains spheroidal granules of low electron density (α-bodies), and β-bodies that contain electron-dense vesicles within the size range of elementary neurosecretory granules. Mitochondria and lamellar Golgi complexes are also present. Mitochondria, α-bodies, fibrils, objects resembling multivesicular bodies, and moderately electrondense granules are found in the lengthy processes into which the collar cells are drawn out. One process of each bipolar collar cell seems to merge into the tentacular ganglion. This consists of neurones with processes that contain mitochondria, vesicles of various sizes, filaments, and electron-dense granules similar to elementary neurosecretory granules. The lateral cells that line the dermo-muscular sheath encasing the optic tentacles contain in their cytoplasm an endoplasmic reticulum with many ribosomes, mitochondria, Golgi complexes, and many electron-lucent globules. These globules seem to be elaborated by the lamellar Golgi bodies. There are also electron-dense inclusions, which may be lysosomes, that are scattered sparsely between the other globules and cytoplasmic components. All these structural details are similar to those found in some mucus-secreting cells. The possible nature and origin of the tentacular secretory cells are discussed.
Landscape Maintenance Firms: I. Business Features and Factors Influencing Industry Performance

Abstract Seventy-two completed questionnaires sent to landscape maintenance firms in Georgia were received for a response rate of about 38%. Approximately two-thirds of the landscape maintenance firms were located in the metro Atlanta area and about 98% of their projects were in Georgia. Firms surveyed were involved primarily (approximately 95% of their projects) in outdoor maintenance activities, however, 50% of the large firms were involved in some level of indoor plant maintenance. Three size classes of firms were established based on their 1993 wholesale value of plant material purchased, small ( $100K). The large firms accounted for 26% of the respondents, 72% of the gross revenue, and 79% of the plant materials purchased. Plant material purchased from growers (52.5%), rewholesalers (35.0%), brokers (8.5%), and garden centers (3.9%) accounted for 99.9% of plants purchased by landscape maintenance firms. Industry trends most frequently identified by respondents ...
Work Life, Well-Being, and Self-Care Across the Professional Lifespan of Psychologists

Professional lives and experiences of psychologists change over the course of their careers. Taking a developmental perspective, the present research used archival data from 2 previously conducted surveys to compare early career, midcareer, and late-career psychologists with 3 questions in mind: (a)
Abstract WP260: Imaging Appropriateness Criteria May Guide Effective Use of CT Angiography in Acute Stroke Workup

Introduction: CT angiography (CTA) is a front-line imaging tool for the evaluation of acute stroke patients in the emergency department. In our experience, however, many CTAs performed for suspecte...
Carbon Overcoat: Structure and Bonding of Z-DOL

Carbon films (∼100 A thick) sputter-deposited on silicon coupons were examined by ESR. Based on the results obtained and conclusions reported earlier in the literature, it is concluded that sputter-deposited carbon films are best described as stacks of closely packed spheroidal granules with diametric dimension of several nanometers. Individual granules would have either the graphitelike or diamondlike bonding scheme, and dangling bonds are hosted in the diamondlike granules. Z-DOL bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is transferred from the hydroxyl group of Z-DOL to a dangling bond. The effect of exposing freshly prepared carbon film to Z-DOL vapor without prior exposure to air, the effect of argon pressure during sputtering, the effect of discharge current, and the effect of hydrogen or nitrogen in the discharging media (argon) are discussed and/or analyzed in terms of the granular structural model.
Nutritional Labeling Impact on Nutrification

The food nutrification program received a real stimulus in 1973 with the passage of the nutritional labeling laws in the United States. This was an indirect effect, however, since these laws were passed for other reasons.
'Foucault and Gadamer: Like apples and oranges passing in the night'

In introducing their book, Michel Foucault: Beyond Structuralismand Hermeneutics, (first published in 1982, one of the earliest attempts in English at a book-length exposition of the direction and nuances of Foucault's work-one which has stood the test of time), Hubert Dreyfus and Paul Rabinow tell us that philosophical hermeneutics "gives up the phenomenologists' attempt to understand man as a meaning-giving subject, but attempts to preserve meaning by locating it in the social practices and literary texts which man produces."1 They go on to identify two types of hermeneutics which emerged from Heidegger's Being and Time.
Fluorescent Double Labeling Studies of Thalamostriatal and Corticostriatal Neurons

For many years, one of most intriguing questions in neuroanatomy concerned the hodological relationships between the striatum (caudate nucleus and putamen), the thalamus, and the cerebral cortex. While degeneration methods had readily demonstrated that most thalamic nuclei project to the cortex, other thalamic nuclei, particularly those with connections to the striatum, appeared to lack cortical connections.
lack of suppressor cell activity for natural killer cells in infant, aged and a low responder strain of mice.

We have examined the reported role of suppressor cells in the regulation of NK activity in mice with naturally low NK activity (infant and aged (C57 X A)F1 hybrids (CAF1) and low responder strain AKR mice). Possible suppressor activity was assayed by mixing, at a 1 : 1 ratio, spleen cells from low activity mice with spleen effector cells from normally active 8 to 10 wk old CAF1 mice. The lytic activity of the mixture was compared with the activity of effector cells diluted with medium alone or diluted 1 : 1 with "non-suppressor" population which served as a control for nonspecific decreases in lysis. The control or "filler" cells employed were suspensions of adult CAF1 thymus, thymus from adult mice exposed to 2,000 R, and adult CAF1 spleen cells cultured for 24 hours, a procedure that depleted NK activity. In no case was the activity observed in the presumed suppressor-effector mixture significantly lower than that observed in the filler-effector cell mixtures. Thus, in infant (1 to 2 wk) and aged (12 to 18 mo) CAF1 mice and in 8 to 10 wk old AKR mice, we found no evidence for specific cell-mediated suppression of natural cytotoxicity.
Coalition building and mobilization: case studies of the comfort women memorials in the United States

Diaspora politics, coalition building, and the gender rights movement have come together to bring about the unexpected: the public memorialization in the United States of “comfort women,” young wom...
Intimate Partner Violence-Related Fractures in the United States: An 8 Year Review.

Fractures associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) are devastating injuries that can have lifelong physical and emotional implications. With exception to the facial region, there are very limited epidemiological reports describing the types and location of IPV-related fractures. The objective of this study is to review a national database and describe trends that are associated with IPV-related fractures. An analysis of all adult (18 years and older) was performed using the National Trauma Data Bank from 2007 through 2014. There were 1352 records identified where the patient was diagnosed with an IPVrelated fracture. Women accounted for 83% of the population and the mean age was 37.5 years. Nearly half of the population sustained fractures to the face. Variances among fracture location were observed across age groups. Facial fractures were recorded more in the younger population (18–39 years) when compared to the other age groups (40–59 years and 60+ years), p < 0.001. Alternatively, rib and femur fractures were more commonly seen among survivors aged 60 years and older when compared to the younger age groups, p < 0.001. The ability to identify and respond to survivors of IPV in the healthcare setting is critically important. While facial fractures are particularly common in the presence of IPV, they are not the only type of fractures that may be seen. In many cases healthcare professionals are the first line of defense in identifying suspected IPV cases. The findings of this paper build upon existing literature while also describing IPV-related fractures across the age spectrum.
Batch Microwave Plasma Cleaning for Robustification of Automotive Devices an Alternative to Strip-Type Radiofrequency Plasma

This study attempts to explore Batch-type Microwave (B-MW) plasma cleaning as a potential alternative to the conventional Strip-type Radiofrequency (S-RF) plasma; for application prior molding to improve adhesion along the mold-lead frame interface. Performance of B-MW was evaluated in terms of improvement in surface wettability, quantified via Contact Angle (CA) measurements. Mix of typical industrial plasma gases (Ar, H2 and O 2 ) were assessed. Constant flow pattern was observed to significantly improve surface wettability and uniformity compared to its pulsed counterpart; and also affect the effect of other factors on the over-all cleaning performance of B-MW. Proceeding with constant flow pattern, surface wetting was found to improve with increasing power and cleaning time. The combination of O 2 and H2 plasma was found to be more effective compared to utilizing them separately. Both cleaning time and flow rate increased the amount of reactive species that come in contact with the contaminants. With optimized parameters, both techniques are effective in addressing delamination; but B-MW was confirmed to be a more efficient method than S-RF i.e. better uniformity, 12% more effective in and improving surface wettability and at least 28% higher throughput.
Tractographic analysis of the medulla oblongata necessitates partial re-wiring of the contemporary neural circuit for baroreflex-mediated sympathetic vasomotor tone

Contemporary dogma stipulates that the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) participates in baroreflex-mediated sympathetic vasomotor tone by acting as a synaptic relay that connects the nucleus tra...
HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES WITH THROMBOCYTOPENIA UNDERGOING PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS PERICARDIOCENTESIS: PERIPROCEDURAL (30-DAY) OVERALL SURVIVAL ANALYSIS

Thrombocytopenia (TCP) is a common finding in cancer patients and traditionally has been considered a relative contraindication to pericardiocentesis (PC). This study analyzed the prognostic factors and overall survival of PC in TCP patients with diagnosis of hematologic malignancy. A retrospective
Agalma: Commentary on Session X

This commentary focuses on Lacan’s enigmatic word—agalma. Lacan begins the session right where the last session ended, that is, with the word “agalma,” which many in his audience apparently didn’t quite catch. Agalma is an ornament or a piece of jewelry. But while this is technically correct, Lacan thinks it only scratches the surface of what the Greek word is expressing. For him, it seems to be a topological concept (more on this to come), and he suggests that we should think a bit more about why one would ever want to “bejewel” oneself in the first place.
The biggest little ways toward access: thinking with disability in site-specific rhetorical work

This essay examines what thinking with disability brings to site-specific rhetorical work, which is work where rhetoricians gather to study location-related texts. Adapting the rhetorical triangle,...
Predicting Online Target Hardening Behaviors: An Extension of Routine Activity Theory for Privacy-Enhancing Technologies and Techniques

Using representative survey data from Canada, the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, and five European Union member countries (n = 9,011), this paper predicts the use of privacy-enhancin...
Vascular effects of cancer treatments

Chemotherapy, alone or in association with radiation therapy, has represented the cornerstone of cancer treatment for decades. However, in the last several years, an unprecedented progress in the understanding of cancer biology and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets have led to a paradigm shift in the management of patients with neoplastic diseases. The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, vascular endothelial growth factor pathway inhibitors, immunomodulatory agents, proteasome inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells, among others, has been associated with prolonged survival in many forms of cancer. A common feature of both chemotherapy and novel cancer treatments is the frequent occurrence of vascular toxicity, mainly mediated by injury to the endothelium. While the mechanisms may vary between agents, the clinical manifestations may overlap and range from hypertension, vasospastic and thrombotic arterial events (myocardial ischemia and infarction, peripheral ischemia, and limb gangrene), venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism) to capillary leak syndrome. Therefore, the effective management of patients with cancer requires a multidisciplinary team approach in which oncologist and cardiovascular medicine specialists work together to prevent, detect, and minimize acute vascular toxicity and long-term consequences of cancer therapy.
Information Revelation of Decentralized Crisis Management: Evidence from Natural Experiments on Mask Mandates (preprint)

We highlight the importance of signaling effects in determining whether public policy should be implemented at a decentralized or centralized level. For example, although a public policy may have the same direct effect if enacted at a state or county level, people may perceive these policies differently, leading to different indirect effects. We explore this mechanism using the patchwork of mask mandate orders in the U.S. from April to September 2020. State-wide mask mandates stimulate economic activity while also reducing COVID-19 case growth. Surprisingly, county-level mask mandates generally have the opposite effect, depressing economic activity. We argue that different unintended signaling effects can explain these differences in policy effects: households infer from county mask mandates that infection risks have increased in their local area and, therefore, socially distance more and spend less. In contrast, state mask mandates do not lead to similar local inferences, and thus overall, they stimulate the economy.
Zoonotic cryptosporidiosis

The widespread usages of molecular epidemiological tools have improved the understanding of cryptosporidiosis transmission. Much attention on zoonotic cryptosporidiosis is centered on Cryptosporidium parvum. Results of genotype surveys indicate that calves are the only major reservoir for C. parvum infections in humans. The widespread presence of human-adapted C. parvum, especially in developing countries, is revealed by recent subtyping and multilocus typing studies, which have also demonstrated the anthroponotic transmission of C. parvum subtypes shared by humans and cattle. Developing and industrialized countries differ significantly in disease burdens caused by zoonotic species and in the source of these parasites, with the former having far fewer human infections caused by C. parvum and little zoonotic transmission of this species. Exclusive anthroponotic transmission of seemingly zoonotic C. parvum subtypes was seen in Mid-Eastern countries. Other zoonotic Cryptosporidium spp. are also responsible for substantial numbers of human infections in developing countries, many of which are probably transmitted by anthroponotic pathways. The lower pathogenicity of some zoonotic species in some populations supports the occurrence of different clinical spectra of Cryptosporidium spp. in humans. The use of a new generation of molecular diagnostic tools is likely to produce a more complete picture of zoonotic cryptosporidiosis.
Absolute Continuity and the Banach–Zaretsky Theorem

The Banach–Zaretsky Theorem is a fundamental but often overlooked result that characterizes the functions that are absolutely continuous. This chapter presents basic results on differentiability, absolute continuity, and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus with an emphasis on the role of the Banach–Zaretsky Theorem.
Synchronous coherent population trapping and its magnetic spectral response in rubidium vapor

This paper reports experimental investigations of the spectral response of synchronous coherent population trapping (CPT) for magnetometry applications. Synchronous CPT is demonstrated using resonant two-photon excitation with a modulated bichromatic laser field in the $^{87}\mathrm{Rb} {D}_{1}$ manifold. Spectra containing multiple magnetic resonances are produced due to two-photon excitations created by various frequency components of the modulated beam. Theoretical modeling based on the atomic density-matrix equations is used to simulate the spectral response of synchronous CPT. Our results show potential advantages of synchronous CPT over synchronous optical pumping for magnetic field measurement. Magnetic resonance signals produced by synchronous CPT can be used in eliminating the dead-zone problem and also in determining the magnetic field direction.