cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Cross-Instance Tuning of Unsupervised Document Clustering Algorithms

In unsupervised learning, where no training takes place, one simply hopes that the unsupervised learner will work well on any unlabeled test collection. However, when the variability in the data is large, such hope may be unrealistic; a tuning of the unsupervised algorithm may then be necessary in order to perform well on new test collections. In this paper, we show how to perform such a tuning in the context of unsupervised document clustering, by (i) introducing a degree of freedom, , into two leading informationtheoretic clustering algorithms, through the use of generalized mutual information quantities; and (ii) selecting the value of based on clusterings of similar, but supervised document collections (crossinstance tuning). One option is to perform a tuning that directly minimizes the error on the supervised data sets; another option is to use “strapping” (Eisner and Karakos, 2005), which builds a classifier that learns to distinguish good from bad clusterings, and then selects the with the best predicted clustering on the test set. Experiments from the “20 Newsgroups” corpus show that, although both techniques improve the performance of the baseline algorithms, “strapping” is clearly a better choice for cross-instance tuning.
Bladeless blood pump

Preliminary experimental results show that our design for a constant-flow bladeless pump has the potential to serve as a left ventricle assist device (LVAD). Tests show the ability of the design to pump above 1 liter/min, the same order of magnitude as current technology. Distinguishing features of the design include its flexibility, scalability and simplicity. Modifications to the design show significant improvements in its pumping performance, demonstrating its potential to become a commercial device.
How proteins recognize the TATA box.

The crystal structure of a complex of human TATA-binding protein with TATA-sequence DNA has been solved, complementing earlier TBP/DNA analyses from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana. Special insight into TATA box specificity is provided by considering the TBP/DNA complex, not as a protein molecule with bound DNA, but as a DNA duplex with a particularly large minor groove ligand. This point of view provides explanations for: (1) why T.A base-pairs are required rather than C.G; (2) why an alternation of T and A bases is needed; (3) how TBP recognizes the upstream and downstream ends of the TATA box in order to bind properly; and (4) why the second half of the TATA box can be more variable than the first.
BEHAVIORAL INTERACTIONS BETWEEN AXIS AND FALLOW DEER AT HIGH-VALUE FOOD PATCHES

Abstract We classified displacements between axis deer (Axis axis) and fallow deer (Dama dama) by age, sex, species, and intensity (contact, non-contact) at high-quality, supplemental food patches on a Texas ranch. Axis deer males performed significantly fewer interspecific displacements than fallow deer males in fall and winter, whereas fallow deer males performed significantly fewer interspecific displacements than axis deer males in summer. Fallow deer males required significantly less intensity to displace axis deer males than conspecifics in both fall and winter. Fallow deer females engaged in significantly fewer displacements than axis deer females in winter and spring, and axis deer females required significantly less intensity to displace fallow deer females than conspecifics in winter. Heterospecific displacements between axis deer and fallow deer males correlated with the proportion of fallow deer males in hard antler. Fallow deer female displacements correlated with season. We concluded that in...
Sensitivity analysis of stress state and bond strength of fiber-reinforced polymer/concrete interface to boundary conditions in single shear pull-out test

The bond between fiber-reinforced polymer and concrete substrate plays a key role in the performance of concrete structures after strengthened by externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer composite materials. The single shear pull-out test is generally used to determine the interface characteristics, and various bond–slip models have been proposed based on the results of this test. However, the sensitivity of the bond strength to the boundary conditions has not yet been considered in the available models in the literatures. This article presents an experimental and numerical study targeted at understanding the influence of the boundary conditions on the bond strength of the fiber-reinforced polymer/concrete interface in the single shear pull-out test. The validated finite element analysis by experimental results is used for the sensitivity study of the bond strength and stress state of the interface to the boundary conditions of the concrete block. It is found that the constraint height of the concrete b...
Progress in reflectance confocal microscopy for imaging oral tissues in vivo

We report progress in development and feasibility testing of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) for imaging in the oral cavity of humans. We adapted a small rigid relay telescope (120mm long x 14mm diameter) and a small water immersion objective lens (12mm diameter, NA 0.7) to a commercial handheld RCM scanner (Vivascope 3000, Caliber ID, Rochester NY). This scanner is designed for imaging skin but we adapted the front end (the objective lens and the stepper motor that axially translates) for intra-oral use. This adaption required a new approach to address the loss of the automated stepper motor for acquisition of images in depth. A helical spring-like cap (with a coverslip to contact tissue) was designed for approximately 150 um of travel. Additionally other methods for focusing optics were designed and evaluated. The relay telescope optics is being tested in a clinical setting. With the capture of video and “video-mosaicing”, extended areas can be imaged. The feasibility of imaging oral tissues was initially investigated in volunteers. RCM imaging in buccal mucosa in vivo shows nuclear and cellular detail in the epithelium and epithelial junction, and connective tissue and blood flow in the underlying lamina propria. Similar detail, including filiform and fungiform papillae, can be seen on the tongue in vivo. Clinical testing during head and neck surgery is now in progress and patients are being imaged for both normal tissue and cancerous margins in lip and tongue mucosa.
Effects of Diazepam on the Isolated Chick Embryo Heart

SummaryDiazepam decreased the rate and amplitude of contraction in isolated embryonic chick hearts in a dose-dependent manner in both the noninnervated hearts obtained from 4-day-old embryos and the innervated hearts from 7-day-old embryos. The concentration of diazepam necessary to reduce the heart rate and contractile amplitude to 50% of the control values was about 1 − 10−4M. Concentrations less than 1.0 − 10−5M had no detectable depressant effects. Prior administration of atropine did not alter the depression induced by diazepam. Norepinephrine was able to stimulate the amplitude of contraction in the diazepam-depressed heart while atropine was without effect. The vehicle used in the clinical injectable preparation of diazepam had no depressant effects. The mechanism of action of the diazepam-induced depression on the isolated embryonic chick heart may be a direct depression of the myocardium.
Concentration of a Hyperglycemic Factor from Urine of Schizophrenics

SummaryThe presence of a hyperglycemic factor in the urine of some schizophrenics has been confirmed. A scheme for a 15- to 20-fold concentration of the principle is described, along with data on the yield and potency of the various fractions isolated. Physical and chemical studies of the most active fractions indicate the factor to be a protein, or a material bound thereto. By a comparable fractionation of normal male urine, a measurable quantity of the hyperglycemic factor was not found.
The Landau Problem for Motions in a Ring and in Bounded Continua

Introduction. The present paper should be accessible to a student who has had a course in introductory Calculus. It deals with Landau's Theorem 1, of Section 1 (see [5, Section 4]), and generalizes it to complex valued functions f(t), (t E R), with values in a ring Kr = {z; r ' I z I ' i}, where r, 0 ' r < 1, is preassigned. The parabolic motion of a particle in a constant field of force plays a major role. Similar generalizations of Kolmogorov's theorem (see [3], [5], and Cavaretta's remarkable paper [1]) to motions in a ring, encounter serious obstacles. Even the case of the ring Kr remains unresolved as soon as n ' 3. The approximate differentiation formulae so successfully used to establish Kolmogorov's theorem (see [5] and especially [2]) no longer seem effective for the case of a ring, even not when n = 2. Presumably, the author's so-called exponential Euler splines (see [6, Lecture 3]) are extremizing functions in Kr for a certain interval of values of r, 0 < r < rn,k, (0 < rn,k < 1), and a precise conjecture might be stated on a future occasion. A longer version of the present paper appeared under the same title as a Mathematics Research Center T.S.Rep. # 1563, in October 1975. The first seven sections of both versions are identical, but the present Section 8 was much expanded in the MRC report. The author is indebted to the referee, Professor A. Cavaretta, for suggesting that the material beyond Section 7 be much reduced. The result is a paper that is better suited for its purpose.
The estimation of total 5-hydroxyindoles in CSF and its relationship to hydrocephalus

During the last few years, increasing interest has been shown in estimating CSF 5hydroxyindoles in cases of hydrocephalus as an index of increased intra-cranial pressure. It is thought that the values in ventricular CSF are significantly elevated when there is progressive hydrocephalus or a blocked V-A shunt. A common assay procedure involves the measurement of fluorescence developed in CSF under acid conditions, measurements being made at fixed excitation and emission wavelengths. Scanning the excitation wavelength, however, almost invariably shows the presence of an interfering compound which may wholly dominate the values as derived under fixed conditions. Allowing for this interference, our results show poor correlation between intra-cranial pressure and total ventricular CSF 5-hydroxyindoles. Similarly, the ratio of ventricular to lumbar CSF hydroxyindoles do not show a useful correlation. It seems that this line of approach may not be as rewarding as was first indicated by earlier authors.
Consumer Understanding of the Benefits and Risks of Fish Consumption During Pregnancy

Fish consumption during pregnancy is one important area of dietary advice. There are potential benefits for pregnant women and their babies from a diet that contains sufficient amounts of fish. How...
Analysis of Anna's Image in Anna Karenina from View of Nature

Anna Karenina is the heroine of Lev Tolstoy's famous novel Anna Karenina.Anna's image used to be anal-ized from the perspective of social,religious and family val-ues.People pay more attention to Tolstoy's literary theory and realism factors in his creation.In fact,Tolstoy's artistic thought and literary work include both the spirit of realism and the element of romanticism.
Immunity and aging.

The immune system declines in its efficiency as the individual ages. The immunoregulatory apparatus of both the cellular and humoral divisions of the immune system appear to deteriorate with age. This results in excessive suppression of the delayed hypersensitivity system and an increase in the incidence of infections, autoimmune disease, and cancer. Malnutrition in the elderly could be one of the factors leading to impaired regulation of the immune system, but the clinical implications of this suggestion have not yet been fully investigated. The interactions between aging, malnutrition, and depressed immunity must be more fully understood so that diseases of the elderly may be more effectively treated.
Molecular cloning of cDNAs for the human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor from HL-60 and mapping of the gene to chromosome region 1p32-34

Early studies examining the effects of purified or recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on human leukemia cell lines demonstrated that some cell lines, such as HL-60, could be induced to differentiate in response to G-CSF. In two recent studies reporting the cloning of the human G-CSF receptor (hGCSFR), four classes of receptor cDNA were identified and, surprisingly, the message for this receptor was reportedly expressed by HL-60 at either very low levels or not at all. Using a mouse G-CSF receptor probe, we cloned and sequenced a cDNA for hGCSFR from an HL-60 cDNA library in plasmid and used it to identify 31 additional clones from an HL-60 cDNA library in phage. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of the 31 phage clones established that 29 were derived from class I hGCSFR mRNA, one was derived from class III mRNA, and one was derived from class IV mRNA. In addition, the hGCSFR gene was chromosomally localized by Southern blot analysis of its segregation pattern in a panel of rodent-human hybrid DNAs using the radiolabeled cDNA probe. The hGCSFR locus was present in hybrids retaining the distal short arm of human chromosome 1 and absent in hybrids that did not retain this region. Chromosomal in situ hybridization refined the localization of the hGCSFR gene to region 1p32-p34. The combination of hybrid DNA analysis and in situ hybridization places the hGCSFR gene telomeric to the CSF1, JUN, and TCL-5 loci.
[Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of acute pesticide poisoning during 2007-2013 in Jinan, China].

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of acute pesticide poisoning in Jinan,China and to provide effective proposals for the prevention and control of pesticide poisoning.Methods Reported cases of acute pesticide poisoning from 2007 to 2013 in Jinan were collected and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 17.Results A total of 4852 cases of acute pesticide poisoning were reported from 2007 to 2013 in Jinan.The fatality rate was 14.10％.The incidence of non-occupational poisoning accounted for 94.23％ (4 572/4 852).The incidence of occupational poisoning showed a decreasing trend from 2007 to 2013,with most cases poisoned by insecticides (236 cases,accounting for 82.86％ of all cases of occupational poisoning).Among non-occupational poisoning cases,fatality rate was higher in cases aged 60 years or over than in those under 60 years; fatality rate was higher among male cases (16.11％) than among female cases (13.79％); herbicides had a significantly higher lethal rate (22.25％) than insecticides (14.02％) (P＜0.05).Conclusion More attention should be paid to acute pesticide poisoning in Jinan,and effective management measures should be taken immediately. Key words: Pesticidee; Poisoning; Epidemiology
Dynamic simulation for flare minimization in chemical process industry under abnormal operations

Flare minimization (FM) in chemical process industry (CPI) under abnormal operating conditions such as plant start-ups, shut-downs, and process upsets can significantly reduce plant emissions, which suggests tremendous raw material and energy savings for plant, as well as substantial environmental and societal benefits. In this paper, a systematic methodology based on plant-wide dynamic simulation is presented for safety-oriented CPI FMs under abnormal operating conditions. Since off-specification emission sources are inevitable during abnormal operating conditions, to significantly reduce flaring emission in a chemical plant, they must be either recycled to the upstream process for online reuse, or stored somewhere temporarily for future reprocessing. Thus, the off-spec products could be reused instead of being flared. Together with the new development of FM operating strategies, rigorous dynamic simulation based safety checks are also highlighted in the presented methodology. Two case studies on FMs for start-up and shut-down operations of an ethylene plant have been employed to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed study.
Optimizing the diamond lane: A more tractable carpool problem and algorithms

Carpooling has been long deemed a promising approach to better utilizing existing transportation infrastructure. However, there are several reasons carpooling is still not the preferred mode of commute in the United States: first, complex human factors, including time constraints and not having right incentive structures, discourage the sharing of rides; second, algorithmic and technical barriers inhibit the development of online services for matching riders. In this work, we study algorithms for 3+ high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes, which permit vehicles that hold three or more people. We focus on the technical barriers but also address the aforementioned human factors. We formulate the HOV3 Carpool problem, and show that it is NP-Complete. We thus pose the relaxed problem HOV3- Carpool problem, allowing groups of up to size three, and propose several methods for solving the problem of finding globally optimal carpool groups that may utilize these 3- HOV lanes. Our methods include local search, integer programming, and dynamic programming. Our local search methods include sampling-based (hill-climbing and simulated annealing), classical neighborhood search, and a hybrid random neighborhood search. We assess the methods numerically in terms of objective value and scalability. Our findings show that our sampling-based local search methods scale up to 100K agents, thereby improving upon related previous work (which studies up to 1000 agents). The hill climbing local search method converges significantly closer and faster towards a naive lower bound on cumulative carpooling cost.
Collagen Orientation and Crystallite Size in Human Dentin: A Small Angle X-ray Scattering Study

The mechanical properties of dentin are largely determined by the intertubular dentin matrix, which is a complex composite of type I collagen fibers and a carbonate-rich apatite mineral phase. We performed a small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) study on fully mineralized human dentin to quantify this fiber/mineral composite architecture from the nanoscopic through continuum length scales. The SAXS results were consistent with nucleation and growth of the apatite phase within periodic gaps in the collagen fibers. These mineralized fibers were perpendicular to the dentinal tubules and parallel with the mineralization growth front. Within the plane of the mineralization front, the mineralized collagen fibers were isotropic near the pulp, but became mildly anisotropic in the mid-dentin. Analysis of the data also indicated that near the pulp the mineral crystallites were approximately needle-like, and progressed to a more plate-like shape near the dentino-enamel junction. The thickness of these crystallites, approximately 5 nm, did not vary significantly with position in the tooth. These results were considered within the context of dentinogenesis and maturation.
Differentiating Sarcopenia and Cachexia Among Patients With Cancer

Patients with cancer are at an increased risk for muscle loss via 2 distinct mechanisms: sarcopenia, defined as the age-associated decrease in muscle mass related to changes in muscle synthesis signaling pathways, and/or cachexia, defined as cytokine-mediated degradation of muscle and adipose depots. Both wasting disorders are prevalent; among patients with cancer, 15%-50% are sarcopenic and 25%-80% are cachectic. Muscle mass may be difficult to quantify in overweight/obese individuals. Often, overweight/obese patients with cancer are assumed to be normally nourished when in fact severe muscle depletion may be present. No universally accepted treatment exists for preventing or reversing sarcopenia or cachexia in patients with cancer. Current treatment options are limited to nutrition therapy and exercise, which may lead to difficulties in adherence during cancer treatment. Future treatments may provide pharmaceutical therapy that targets muscle degradation and synthesis pathways. There is a need to determine a multimodal treatment plan for muscle depletion to improve quality of life, survival, and therapy complications in patients with cancer.
Rituximab Containing Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation May Be Curative in Mantle Cell Lymphoma for Patients in First Remission, but Not for Patients with Recurrent Disease.

Abstract In order to determine if the addition of rituximab (R) had changed the outcome of autologous stem cell transplantation (AUTO) in patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), we examined the outcome of 86 patients transplanted at the MD Anderson Cancer Center, in first partial or complete remission (frontline AUTO, n=50) or for relapsed / refractory disease (salvage AUTO, n=36). >> Among frontline patients, 29 were transplanted in the pre-R era (AUTO-R), and 21 in the post-R era (AUTO+R). AUTO-R patients received homogenous treatment with hyper-CVAD induction and Cy- TBI conditioning. AUTO+R patients were treated with R-hyper-CVAD, hyper-CVAD and R-CHOP induction in 62%, 10% and 29% respectively, and R-Cy-TBI and R-BEAM conditioning in 43% and 52% respectively. Median age (range) at transplantation was 57 (42–66) and 56 (38–73) for the AUTO-R and AUTO+R groups respectively (p=0.91); other baseline characteristics including sex, time from diagnosis, performance status, stage, B-symptoms, B2m, LDH and MIPI were similar. Prior to transplantation, CR or unconfirmed CR (CRu) was present in 38% and 57% of AUTO-R and AUTO+R patients respectively (p=0.18), and 33 of 34 patients were negative on Gallium/PET scan. Following transplantation, CR/CRu was achieved in 93% and 100% patients respectively (p=0.50). Progression free survival (PFS) was similar between AUTO-R and AUTO+R patients for the first 2 years. However, after 2 years a clear difference emerged on the PFS curve with no relapses occurring among 9 AUTO+R patients followed between 30 and 96 months. In contrast, AUTO1-R patients experienced a continuous pattern of relapse (p=0.03 compared with AUTO+R patients). For patients remaining in remission at 2 years, no deaths had occurred in the AUTO+R group, whereas 15 of 22 AUTO-R patients had died. >> The 36 salvage patients had similar baseline characteristics as frontline patients, except for the proportion of patients with chemosensitive disease (100% vs 86%, p=0.01) and negative Gallium/PET scans (97% vs 71%, p=0.01), favoring the frontline group. In contrast to the results of frontline patients, no difference was observed in salvage patients by the use of R (p=0.52 and 0.50 for PFS and OS respectively). >> Autologous transplantation with rituximab has the potential to cure a proportion of patients with MCL, but only if performed during the first remission. Patients transplanted beyond first remission continued to experience a poor prognosis. Download : Download high-res image (160KB) Download : Download full-size image
Control and locomotion of hydrodynamically coupled rigid spheres

The coupling interactions between two spherical swimmers in an ideal fluid have known analytic approximations for certain types of motion. We apply these results to produce locomotion and coordination through the actuation of internal masses inside each swimmer. Through control of either both swimmers or one of them, the latter case taking advantage of compliance in the passive swimmer, desired motion along the spheres' line of centers can be achieved. We subsequently treat general 2D motion as a superposition of motion components along and perpendicular to the spheres' line of centers, leading to a derivation of a full model of controlled locomotion and coordination of two spheres in a planar fluid.
Tumor-related epilepsy: epidemiology, pathogenesis and management

Seizure is a common comorbidity in patients with brain tumor. It may be the presenting symptom or develop after the tumor diagnosis. The underlying pathophysiology of brain tumor-related epilepsy remains poorly understood. A comprehensive literature review of Pubmed English articles from 1980–2017 was performed to summarize current knowledge and treatment options of brain tumor-related epilepsy. Multiple factors have been found to contribute to tumor-related epilepsy, including tumor type, speed of tumor growth, location, and tumor burden. The underlying pathogenesis of epilepsy is not clear but perturbations in the peri-tumoral regions, both structural and cellular communications, have been implicated. Surgical and medical treatments of tumor-related epilepsy remain challenging as additional factors such as the extent of surgical resection, interactions with tumor-related oncological treatments and anti-epileptic medication related side effects need to be considered.
Pig Model of Increased Cardiac Afterload Induced by Ascending Aortic Banding

Increase in cardiac afterload as represented by hypertension is an established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Animal models of increased cardiac afterload offer studies aiming at identifying key molecular mechanisms and developing new therapeutic approaches. We have reported that banding of the ascending aorta in pigs results in significant cardiac hypertrophy and increased myocardial fibrosis at the chronic stages. These changes were accompanied by increased stiffness of the heart, but not by systolic dysfunction. In this chapter, we describe methods to surgically band the ascending aorta in pigs. After 3 months, animals develop systolic left ventricular pressure of >200 mmHg with above described changes in the heart.
The Role of PDGF in Health and Disease

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), originally recognized as the principal source of mitogenic activity present in whole blood serum and missing in plasma or plasma-derived serum, has now been shown to be derived from many diploid cells as well as a number of tumor cells. Although the platelet was the first cell of origin to be discovered, it is clear that PDGF is stored in alpha granules in the platelet and is synthesized and stored in these granules in the megakaryocyte. Since the purification and characterization of platelet-derived growth factor has been accomplished by a number of different laboratories, several assays have been developed that permit the determination of other cells that can make and secrete PDGF. The assays that are routinely used in our laboratory include: 1) a receptor competition binding assay based on the fact that PDGF binds with high affinity (10-11M) to a specific cell-surface receptor. This competition binding assay, therefore, measures the capacity of unknowns containing PDGF or PDGF-like substances to compete for binding to this receptor. 2) An ELISA was established based on the development of a monospecific polyclonal anti-PDGF IgG that was developed in a goat. This antibody can completely abolish the mitogenic activity of highly purified PDGF.
Stand Characteristics and Productivity Potential of Indiana Surface Mines Reclaimed Under SMCRA.

The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA) addresses a wide range of environmental concerns. However, its impacts on forest stand development and productive potential have only recently been investigated. We surveyed the vegetation and forest productivity on 22 surface mine sites throughout the coal-bearing region of Indiana that were reclaimed to forest cover under the provisions of SMCRA 7-14 years prior to sampling. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) were the most widely occurring tree species. Tall fescue and goldenrod were the most widely occurring nonarborescent species. Median site index (base age 50 for black oak) was 30 ft. Although satisfying forest cover stocking requirements for bond release, these reclaimed surface mines almost always displayed a level of productivity far below those of native forests typical of this region. Reclamation techniques differing from those used on these study sites are needed to restore forest productivity to surface-mined lands while still complying with SMCRA.
The effect of language modification of mathematics story problems on problem-solving in online homework

Students’ grasp of the non-mathematical language in a mathematics story problem—such as vocabulary and syntax—may have an important effect on their problem-solving, and this may be particularly true for students with weaker language skills. However, little experimental research has examined which individual language features influence students’ performance while solving problems—much research has been correlational or has combined language features together. In the present study, we manipulated six different language features of algebra story problems—number of sentences, pronouns, word concreteness, word hypernymy, consistency of sentences, and problem topic—and examined how systematically varying readability demands impacts student performance. We examined both accuracy and response time measures, using an assignment for learning linear functions in the ASSISTments online problem-solving environment. We found little evidence that individual language features have a considerable effect on mathematics word problem solving performance for a general population of students. However, sentence consistency reduced response time and problems about motion or travel had shorter response times than problems about business or work. In addition, it appears students may benefit or be harmed by language modifications depending on their familiarity with ASSISTments. Implications for the role of language in math word problems are discussed.
A gestão de novas metodologias: uma aliança entre tradição e inovação

O presente estudo versa sobre a tematica da alianca entre tradicao e inovacao com novas metodologias de ensino. Possui como objetivo verificar as acoes empreendidas pela Universidade La Salle para aliar tradicao e inovacao. Em relacao a metodologia, trata-se de um estudo de caso composto por um relato de experiencia, pesquisa documental e bibliografica de cunho qualitativo. Os resultados obtidos se mantem em torno da alianca entre a tradicao e a inovacao na instituicao, reconhecendo tres principais eixos: 1) Formacao docente e tecnico-administrativa; 2) Formacao de Unilasalle Innovators ; 3) Desenvolvimento da Plataforma La Salle Learning Experience (LEX). Assim, em nossas consideracoes finais acreditamos que e possivel unir tradicao com inovacao, pois essa e uma urgencia educativa de Instituicoes de Ensino Superior que a contemporaneidade demanda.
Brief Ultrasound-Aided Teaching to Improve the Accuracy and Confidence of Resident Musculoskeletal Palpation.

BACKGROUND Multiple studies demonstrate poor musculoskeletal palpation accuracy of physiatry residents. With the growing use of ultrasound clinically, it could serve as a powerful educational tool. However, there are no published studies examining the efficacy of ultrasound-aided education at the bedside, where much learning takes place during postgraduate training. OBJECTIVE To determine if brief ultrasound-aided teaching improves residents' accuracy and confidence of musculoskeletal palpation. DESIGN Before/After Trial. SETTING Academic Institution. PARTICIPANTS Ten physical medicine and rehabilitation residents were voluntary participants. INTERVENTION Each resident was given a survey to assess confidence in palpating the hook of the hamate and medial calcaneal tubercle. They then attempted to palpate and place a marker over these two structures in a model patient. Marker placement accuracy was verified by ultrasound. Faculty spent less than 1 minute per landmark, sonographically teaching its correct localization. The resident, after moving to a new model patient, was then re-tested on accurate marker placement for both landmarks. A repeat survey to assess confidence was administered. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Preintervention and postintervention accuracy and confidence of correct localization of both landmarks. RESULTS We used McNemar's and Wilcoxon's tests to determine whether the intervention improved the location accuracy and confidence of successful palpation, respectively. Confidence level of correct localization of two landmarks improved on average from 4.3 to 8.15 on a scale of 10 after intervention. Of 20 palpation attempts, 11 correctly placed the marker postintervention after an incorrect placement, 8 made no change, and one changed from correct to incorrect placement. The odds of improvement in accuracy was 11 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.60-473.47, P < .01). Both tests showed significant improvements after the intervention at the significance level of .05. CONCLUSIONS Brief, ultrasound-aided teaching increases accuracy and confidence of residents' musculoskeletal palpation.
Predictors of Bisexual Individuals’ Dating Decisions

Despite the capacity for being attracted to both sexes, 84% of bisexuals engage in opposite sex relationships. The mechanisms underlying these dating decisions are unclear. The present research explores three possibilities as to why this disparity exists: (1) a desire for sexual reproduction, (2) pressure to conform to social norms, and (3) base rates of the available dating pool. Bisexuals (n = 132) between the ages of 18 and 49 completed an online survey assessing their experiences as a bisexual person, perceptions of reproducing sexually, and their dating habits. Results suggest pressure to conform to heterosexual social norms and the makeup of the available dating pool play a role in bisexuals’ decisions to date the opposite sex.
Popular Narratives and Mestizo Horsemen: Creating a Racial Ideal in Nineteenth-Century Mexico, 1844–1896

Between 1844 and 1896, two archetypal figures on horseback known as rancheros and chinacos were disseminated through print publications. As war with the United States loomed in 1844, a relatively obscure Mexican writer depicted the ranchero as a “true national type” in a popular magazine. Eighteen years later another archetype on horseback, the chinaco, appeared in newspaper propaganda designed to provoke resistance against an imminent French advance into the Mexican interior. Later writers, such as Justo Sierra and Antonio Garcia Cubas, imbued such figures with racialized mestizo qualities and heroic martial traits, equating mestizo blood with strength and martial capabilities that could build a more advanced Mexican state. The depiction of both figures as of mixed-race origins was a popular perception that carried over into the Porfirian years. This article traces the origins of these figures in popular reading during the years in which Mexico dealt with war with the United States, a civil war, and finally the French Intervention. Through an analysis of popular reading and intellectual commentaries, supplemented by archival research, mestizaje as a foundational concept of Mexican nationhood is traced to these early depictions. Entre 1844 y 1896, las publicaciones impresas de Mexico difundieron dos figuras arquetipicas a caballo, conocidas como rancheros y chinacos. Cuando se avecinaba la guerra con Estados Unidos, un oscuro escritor mexicano describio al ranchero como un “verdadero tipo nacional” en una revista popular. Dieciocho anos mas tarde, otro arquetipo a caballo, el chinaco, aparecio en la propaganda periodistica disenada para incitar a la resistencia contra un inminente avance frances hacia el interior de Mexico. Mas adelante, escritores como Justo Sierra y Antonio Garcia Cubas infundieron tales figuras con las cualidades racializadas del mestizo y los rasgos marciales heroicos, equiparando la sangre mestiza con la fuerza y las capacidades marciales necesarias para construir un Estado mexicano mas avanzado. La representacion de ambas figuras como mezcla de razas constituyo una percepcion popular que se mantuvo durante los anos del Porfiriato. El presente articulo rastrea los origenes de estos dos arquetipos en las lecturas populares durante los anos en que Mexico libro una guerra contra Estados Unidos, una guerra civil y, finalmente, lidio con la intervencion francesa. A traves de un analisis de las lecturas populares y los comentarios intelectuales, complementado con una investigacion de archivo, se rastrea el origen del mestizaje en cuanto concepto fundacional de la idea de nacion mexicana hasta estas representaciones.
Serious Infections in Patients With Gout in the US: A National Study of Incidence, Time Trends, and Outcomes.

Objective To study the epidemiology of serious infections in patients hospitalized with gout. Methods We identified patients with gout hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of pneumonia, sepsis/bacteremia, urinary tract infection (UTI), skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), or opportunistic infections (OIs) in a US National Inpatient Sample from 1998 to 2016 and examined factors associated with utilization and mortality. Results We noted 1,140,085 hospitalizations of patients with serious infections and gout (11% of all hospitalizations of patients with gout; 1998-2000 [8.9%], 2015-2016 [14.5%]). Compared to patients without gout, patients with gout hospitalized with serious infections were older (median age 65 versus 74 years), more of them had a Charlson-Deyo comorbidity index score ≥2 (42% versus 65%), and fewer were female (53% versus 35%) or non-White (40% versus 35%), respectively. The most common infection was pneumonia (52%) in 1998-2000 and sepsis (52%) in 2015-2016. Median hospital charges and hospital stays were higher for patients with sepsis and OIs in 2015-2016 ($41,000-$42,000; 5.1-5.5 days) versus those with UTI, pneumonia, or SSTIs ($15,000-$17,000; 3.0-3.9 days). Compared to patients with sepsis, the multivariable-adjusted odds of health care utilization and in-hospital mortality were significantly lower for patients with UTI, SSTIs, and pneumonia, and non-home discharge or in-hospital mortality were lower in patients with OIs. Among patients hospitalized with infections, older age, Medicaid coverage, a higher Charlson-Deyo comorbidity index score, Black race, and Northeast and nonrural hospital location were associated with significantly higher health care utilization and mortality, while female sex, Medicare insurance, and lower income were associated with higher utilization. Conclusion Given an increasing rate of serious infections, especially sepsis and pneumonia, in individuals with gout, development of effective interventions targeting factors associated with health care utilization and mortality will improve outcomes and reduce burden.
Frankfurt-Pairs and Varieties of Blameworthiness: Epistemic Morals

I start by using “Frankfurt-type” examples to cast preliminary doubt on the “Objective View” - that one is blameworthy for an action only if that action is objectively wrong, and follow by providing further arguments against this view. Then I sketch a replacement for the Objective View whose core is that one is to blame for performing an action, A, only if one has the belief that it is morally wrong for one to do A, and this belief plays an appropriate role in the etiology of one's A-ing. I next defend this core against recently advanced objections and then show how it helps with defusing a skeptical challenge from the direction of causal determinism against blameworthiness. Finally, I exploit the core to isolate an analogous epistemic core for nonmoral but “normative” varieties of blameworthiness.
Insight into geometric preferences in uranium(VI) mixed tris(imido) systems.

Uranium tris(imido) species have been synthesized using different imido groups in the axial and equatorial positions by treating [(MesPDIMe)U(THF)]2 (1-THF), which is a uranium(IV) dimer that is supported by MesPDIMe tetraanions, with mixed organoazide solutions. While the origin of the geometric preference isn't clear, both steric and electronic factors are likely at play.
Counteracting Dysconscious Racism and Ableism Through Fieldwork: Applying DisCrit Classroom Ecology in Early Childhood Personnel Preparation:

Early childhood personnel preparation programs must prepare future early educators who can counteract racism and ableism to provide all children with an equitable and just education. We applied Dis...
Association of Sinonasal Inflammation With Functional Brain Connectivity.

Importance In recent years, there have been several meaningful advances in the understanding of the cognitive effects of chronic rhinosinusitis. However, an investigation exploring the potential link between the underlying inflammatory disease and higher-order neural processing has not yet been performed. Objective To describe the association of sinonasal inflammation with functional brain connectivity (Fc), which may underlie chronic rhinosinusitis–related cognitive changes. Design, Setting, and Participants This is a case-control study using the Human Connectome Project (Washington University–University of Minnesota Consortium of the Human Connectome Project 1200 release), an open-access and publicly available data set that includes demographic, imaging, and behavioral data for 1206 healthy adults aged 22 to 35 years. Twenty-two participants demonstrated sinonasal inflammation (Lund-Mackay score [LMS] ≥ 10) and were compared with age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls (LMS = 0). These participants were further stratified into moderate (LMS Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was the difference in resting state Fc within and between the default mode, frontoparietal, salience, and dorsal attention brain networks. Secondary outcomes included assessments of cognitive function using the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery. Results A total of 22 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and 22 healthy controls (2 [5%] were aged 22-25 years, 26 [59%] were aged 26-30 years, and 16 [36%] were aged 31-35 years; 30 [68%] were men) were included in the analysis. Participants with sinonasal inflammation showed decreased Fc within the frontoparietal network, in a region involving bilateral frontal medial cortices. This region demonstrated increased Fc to 2 nodes within the default-mode network and decreased Fc to 1 node within the salience network. The magnitude of these differences increased with inflammation severity (dose dependent). There were no significant associations seen on cognitive testing. Conclusions and Relevance In this case-control study, participants with sinonasal inflammation showed decreased brain connectivity within a major functional hub with a central role in modulating cognition. This region also shows increased connectivity to areas that are activated during introspective and self-referential processing and decreased connectivity to areas involved in detection and response to stimuli. Future prospective studies are warranted to determine the applicability of these findings to a clinical chronic rhinosinusitis population.
Improving On-Time First Case Starts: An Integrative Review and Quality Improvement Project Plan.

Abstract Purpose Surgeon late arrival is the major cause of delays in first case starts. The estimated cost of these delays can reach $800,000 a year. The purpose of this integrative review and proposed quality improvement (QI) project plan was to increase the first case on-time starts through surgeon behavior modification. Design An integrative literature review and creation of a QI project plan. Methods The literature review included an independent electronic literature search between the years of 2011 and 2020 through CINAHL PLUS, PubMed, and Medline OVID databases. The search was limited to scholarly peer-reviewed journal articles in the English language, and search terms included: “operating rooms,” “delay first cases start,” “first case tardiness,” and “operating room efficiency.” The QI project plan was a three-phase process based on surgeon behavioral modification using educational material, visual reminders, and individualized e-mail notifications of habitually late surgeons. Findings A synthesis of articles reported proper site marking and surgical consent 15 to 30 minutes before surgery increased first case on-time starts from 55.90% to 66.60% and a mean delay decrease of 9.67 minutes to 7.17 minutes. Visual cues significantly enhanced memory, 64% versus 50%, and e-mail reminders increased compliance, 77% to 86.1%. Conclusion As the need for hospital revenue dependency grows, so will the need for more efficient operating rooms. The evidence shows a positive correlation between early arrival by surgeons to the preoperative area and increased on-time first case starts.
Dr. Watson? Balancing Automation and Human Expertise in Healthcare Delivery

IBM’s Watson, the supercomputer that beat two Jeopardy champions in a televised competition, has inevitably engendered speculation about what this surprising performance bodes for the role of computers in the workplace. How can Dr. Watson be best utilized in medicine and clinical support systems? This paper defines Computer Enhanced Medicine technology for healthcare as any medical application where the required tasks are split between a human being and a computer-controlled device.
Safety of a Elastic Beam-Column

Coupling of load effects is illustrated herein by considering the probability of failure of an elastic beam-column. For lateral and axial loads with uniform distributions, it is shown that the safety of the members is reduced when compared to the usual method of determining load effects by linearly superimposing the stresses due to the two sources.
The New Editor

Excerpt On 1 July 1971 Dr. Edward J. Huth will become the fifth editor of the ANNALS OFINTERNALMEDICINE*. The Board of Regents, in appointing Dr. Huth as Dr. Elkinton's successor, believes that the...
Exposing violences: Using women's human rights theory to reconceptualize food rights

Exposing food violences – hunger,malnutrition, and poisoning from environmentalmismanagement – requires policy action thatconfronts the structured invisibility of theseviolences. Along with the hidden deprivation offood is the physical and political isolation ofcritical knowledge on food violences and needs,and for policy strategies to address them. Iargue that efforts dedicated on behalf of ahuman right to food can benefit from thetheoretical analysis and activist work of theinternational Women's Rights are Human Rights(WRHR) movement. WRHR focuses on women andgirls; the food rights movement operates onbehalf of all people, with an emphasis on thepoor. Both attend to the protection of bodilyintegrity against physical and psychicviolences. Both cope with bodily violences thatare socially privatized and spatiallysegregated from public institutions of relief,that is, they are tacitly omitted from publicdiscourse and purview. Most typically, but notexclusively, these violences unfold in privatehousehold space. Both rights movements mustmobilize political rights to demand economicand social rights and security. I introduce theUnited Nations' early Declaration (1948) andCovenant (1966) language on the human right tofood and review problems of household accessand grassroots engagement that are ``writteninto'' this early documentation. An abbreviatedoverview of the WRHR movement describes how thepublic/private and economic/political rightsdichotomies have been critiqued andre-formulated. A case study set in Polandacross the transition from (more) communist to(more) capitalist political economies attemptsto illuminate the discussion through agrounded example.