cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
SPORTS FAN BINGE DRINKING: AN EXAMINATION USING LOW SELF-CONTROL AND PEER ASSOCIATION

Research has shown a connection between being a college sports fan and binge drinking; however, no research uses criminological theories when examining this connection. The purpose of the present study is to examine the ability of self-control and differential association theories to determine whether the relationship between college sports fans and binge drinking is individual or group situated. Using self-report data from (n = 693) college students from four southern universities, the results show that the connection between being a college sports fan and binge drinking can be accounted for by both low self-control and differential association. These results are discussed and policy implications are presented.
Ribonucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis During Germination of Myxococcus xanthus Myxospores

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) and protein synthesis during myxospore germination were examined. When RNA synthesis was inhibited more than 90% by either actinomycin D (Act D) or rifampin, germination was prevented. The data were consistent with the interpretation that rifampin did not interfere with protein synthesis in any way other than by inhibition of messenger RNA formation. Act D concentrations as high as 20 μg/ml did not totally inhibit RNA synthesis. In the presence of 8 μg of Act D/ml, germinating myxospores synthesized transfer RNA, 16S RNA, and 23S RNA. Evidence was presented which indicated that messenger RNA was also synthesized early in the germination period both in the presence and absence of 8 μg of Act D/ml. One explanation for the escape synthesis of RNA in germinating myxospores is that Act D exerts a differential effect on the transcription of larger versus smaller cistrons, the latter having a lower probability of binding Act D. We have found that in the presence of 8 μg of Act D/ml, escape RNA synthesis in myxospores was 25% for 23S RNA, 55% for 16S RNA, and more than 90% for 4S RNA. We have shown that germination of myxospores requires both RNA and protein synthesis during the first 25 to 35 min in germination medium. This finding does not support the earlier suggestion by Ramsey and Dworkin that a stable germination messenger RNA is required for germination of the myxospores of Myxococcus xanthus.
Transient Ion Drift Measurements of Polycrystalline CdTe PV Devices

The well known transient ion drift (TID) method is used to quantify the density of mobile Cu interstitial ions in polycrystalline CdTe PV cells. Average Cui + ion densities in optimally processed cells are 20% of the background ionized acceptor doping level. A preliminary estimate of the diffusion coefficient for Cu i + ions in the polycrystalline CdTe absorber is D(Cui)=1.3E-6 [cm2/sec] times exp[-0.29 eV/(KB*T)] in the temperature range of 25degC to 55degC from TID measurements. Aspects of the TID method as pertains to practical thin film polycrystalline devices are discussed
Disk read-write optimizations and data integrity in transaction systems using write-ahead logging

We discuss several disk read-write optimizations that are implemented in different transaction systems and disk hardware to improve performance. These include: (1) when multiple sectors are written to disk, the sectors may be written out of sequence (SCSI disk interfaces do this). (2) Avoiding initializing pages on disk when a file is extended. (3) Not accessing individual pages during a mass delete operation (e.g., dropping an index from a file which contains multiple indexes). (4) Permitting a previously deallocated page to be reallocated without the need to read the deallocated version of the page from disk during its reallocation. (5) Purging of file pages from the buffer pool during a file erase operation (e.g., a table drop). (6) Avoiding logging for bulk operations like index create. We consider a system which implements the above optimizations and in which a page consists of multiple disk sectors and recovery is based on write-ahead logging using a log sequence number on every page. For such a system, we present a simple method for guaranteeing the detection of the partial disk write of a page. Detecting partial writes is very important not only to ensure data integrity from the users' viewpoint but also to make the transaction system software work correctly. Once a partial write is detected, it is easy to recover such a page using media recovery techniques. Our method imposes minimal CPU and space overheads. It has been implemented in DB2/6000 and ADSM. >
Networks of Power in Archaeology

Archaeologists and other social scientists have long argued that exercising power is a relational process. One way of modeling these relations is to see them as organized within social networks through which the resources needed to exert power in all its forms flow differentially. Two approaches to describing these interactions and understanding their political implications are particularly salient in the literature. One perspective draws from graph theory to describe how people's positions in established network structures affect their political aspirations and achievements. The other sees social nets as outcomes of strategies employed by actors seeking to define and achieve political goals within structural constraints. The advantages and limitations of these viewpoints are briefly reviewed, along with their implications for understanding past political processes.
A 5 GHz 0.95 dB NF Highly Linear Cascode Floating-Body LNA in 180 nm SOI CMOS Technology

A 5 GHz CMOS LNA featuring a record 0.95 dB noise-figure is reported. Using an inductively-degenerated cascode topology combined with floating-body transistors and high-Q passives on an SOI substrate, record noise figure and superior linearity performance at 5 GHz are obtained. The low-noise amplifier (LNA) achieves up to 11 dB of gain while consuming 12 mW dc power, and is capable of supporting 802.11a WLAN applications. The impact of SOI body-contact on the LNA RF performance is described and linked to improved intermodulation performance.
Analysis of algorithms for the retrieval of rain-rate profiles from a spaceborne dual-wavelength radar

The ability to retrieve rain-rate profiles from a dual-wavelength spaceborne radar system operating at 13.6 and 35 GHz is analyzed. The fundamental problem of extracting either the attenuation and/or the reflectivity from the backscatter echo, which contains both contributions, is addressed. Three algorithms, the backscatter, the attenuation coefficient, and the dual-wavelength methods, are examined. These algorithms are tested using four rain-rate profiles derived from radar measurements. In particular, measured (true) values are compared with calculated (retrieved) rain rates applying the algorithms with superimposed uncertainties assuming a suggested spaceborne dual-wavelength radar system. Error values of rain rates are determined where these values reflect failure of the assumptions utilized in the derivation of the algorithms, rain backscatter noise, and instrument noise. >
Laterality, region, and type of motor dysfunction correlate with cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease

We studied the relationship between two screening cognitive measures and off motor Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores in 108 Parkinson's disease patients. Multiple regressions were conducted to examine the UPDRS subscores' unique contributions to cognitive function. When including bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural/gait instability subscores, only bradykinesia predicted Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE), normalized beta = -0.57, t(104) = -3.31, P < 0.01, and Dementia Rating Scale-2 (DRS-2), normalized beta = -0.45, t(104) = -2.55, P < 0.05. Tremor was not included in the regression analyses because it did not correlate with cognitive function. When including axial and appendicular subscores, only the axial subscore predicted MMSE, normalized beta = -0.39, t(105) = -3.19, P < 0.01, and DRS-2 scores, normalized beta = -0.40, t(106) = -3.28, P < 0.01. When including left-sided and right-sided subscores, only the right-sided symptoms predicted DRS-2 scores, normalized beta = -0.28, t(105) = -2.45, P < 0.05, and showed a trend toward predicting MMSE scores, normalized beta = -0.22, t(105) = -1.95, P = 0.054. We therefore found that right-sided symptoms (for laterality), axial symptoms (for region), and bradykinesia (for type of symptoms) were the best predictors of cognitive function.
Genetic Effects on Children's Conversational Language Use

Purpose The present study examined the extent of genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in children’s conversational language use. Method Behavioral genetic analyses focused...
Exactly alternating silarylene–siloxane polymers. V. Evaluation of the mechanical properties of crosslinked elastomers

The search for technologically useful elastomers with good thermal stability at elevated temperatures combined with low temperature flexibility has led us and others to the preparation of a series of linear alternating silarylene–siloxane polymers. Because of the very favorable thermal stabilities of these polymers, a detailed study was made of methods for their vulcanization and for the evaluation of their mechanical properties. The results of these investigations are described, including mechanical properties of the vulcanizates both before and after heat aging and before and after immersion in different solvents, as well as their characteristics after prolonged and repeated extension.
Face to face : communication, culture, and collaboration

Students practice English in natural contexts by conducting interviews and field-based research on American culture.-- Preparatory vocabulary and case-study readings-- Collaborative analysis to stimulate cooperation and critical thinking-- Interviewing strategies and role-playing activities-- Questionnaires for out-of-class interviews-- Journal entries
Comparison of Nonlinear Oscillations of an Electric Monopole vs. a Magnetic Dipole

We consider two scenarios: First we drop an electric point-like charge with a chosen charge q in a nonuniform electrostatic held. We then seek for the criteria that in the presence of gravity the massive charge steadily oscillates. In the second scenario we drop a permanent magnet with a chosen magnetic dipole moment μ in a nonuniform magnetic held of a DC looping current. Similarly, we seek the criteria that in the presence of gravity the massive magnet steadily oscillates as well. In both cases the effective forces are nonlinear and the equations describing the motions are nonlinear analytically unsolvable differential equations. Utilizing Mathematica [1] numeric scheme we solve these equations numerically. Plots of these solutions for selected parameters conducive to equal force couplings unveil the fundamental character differences of the oscillations. For comprehensive visual understanding we simulate the actual oscillations.
Taking the Laboratory into the Field

We review the development of methodologies and technologies of empirical linguistic work done outside traditional academic laboratories. The integration of such results with contemporary language documentation and linguistic theory is an increasingly important component of language analysis. Taking linguistic inquiry out of the lab and away from well-described and familiar data brings challenges in logistics, ethics, and the definition of variability within language use. In an era when rapidly developing technologies offer new potential for collecting linguistic data, the role of empirical or experimental work in theoretical discussions continues to increase. Collecting linguistic data on understudied languages raises issues about its aim vis-a-vis the academy and the language communities, and about its integration into linguistic theory.
Dissociation of peripheral protein‐membrane complexes by high pressure

The ability of high pressure to dissociate several peripheral protein-membrane complexes was investigated. Three vitamin K-dependent proteins (factor X, protein Z, and prothrombin) dissociated from small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs, 30 nm diameter) composed of 25% phosphatidylserine (PS) and 75% phosphatidylcholine (PC) at comparable pressures (midpoints of 0.3–0.6 kbar). The pressure-induced dissociation curves for the factor X-SUV interaction followed the expected behavior for an interaction with an apparent dissociation equilibrium constant at atmospheric pressure, KD(atm), of 9 × 10−7 M and a change in volume of association, ΔVa, of 88 mL/mol. Factor X also dissociated from large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs, 100 nm diameter, 25% PS:75% PC) with a midpoint of 0.5 kbar. A second group of calcium-dependent membrane-binding proteins included protein kinase C (PKC), a 64-kDa protein, and a 32-kDa protein. The 32-kDa protein dissociated from SUVs (midpoint of 0.8 kbar), whereas PKC and the 64-kDa protein did not dissociate to a significant degree. The differences in dissociability of these proteins appeared to be a result of the differences in their KD(atm)'s (decreased dissociability with decreased KD(atm)). This pattern was further demonstrated by the relatively high midpoint of dissociation (1.1–1.4 kbar) of serum amyloid P component (SAP; KD(atm) ca. 10−11) and the limited dissociation of factor Va light chain (KD(atm) ca. 10−11). Changing the vesicle composition to phosphatidylethanolamine in place of PC gave higher affinity and decreased dissociation of the 32-kDa protein and SAP. Thus, the susceptibility of various peripheral membrane-binding proteins to high pressure dissociation was governed by both the KD(atm) and the ΔVa of the particular protein-membrane interaction, with the ΔVa's of the dissociable proteins being relatively small (< 150 mL/mol).
Dressing and preening the body

Dalby, Liza. Kimono: Fashioning Culture. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1993. xi + 384 pp. including notes, bibliography, and index. $30.00 cloth, $17.95 paper. Kawakami, Barbara F. Japanese Immigrant Clothing in Hawaii, 1885–1941. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1993. xvii + 253 pp. including notes, glossary, sources, and index. $19.95 paper. Rubinstein, Ruth P. Dress Code: Meanings and Messages in American Culture. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1995. xii + 314 pp. including notes, bibliography, and index. $69.00 cloth, $21.95 paper.
Circular-polarized reconfigurable grating antenna for low-cost Millimeter-wave beam-steering

This communication presents a circular-polarized (CP) reconfigurable grating antenna for low-cost millimeter-wave beam steering. A CP grating array is introduced. Using an inertialess mechanical movement, the grating design can be reconfigured along the surface of a dielectric image line, allowing a directive CP beam to steer across a wide range of angles. Over 43/spl deg/ of beam steering is achieved at 32.5 GHz with axial ratio less than 1 dB across the entire scan range. Measured performance agrees well with theory. These results are inherently scalable to higher millimeter-wave frequencies and should have numerous uses in emerging millimeter-wave satellite communications applications and other related systems for mobile communications and radar.
Dental plaque-induced gingival diseases.

Gingival diseases are a diverse family of complex and distinct pathological entities found within the gingiva that are the result of a variety of etiologies. There are several clinical characteristics common to all gingival diseases and these features include clinical signs of inflammation, signs and symptoms that are con- fined to the gingiva, reversibility of the disease by removing the etiology, the presence of bacterial laden plaque to initiate and/or exacerbate the severity of the disease and a possible role as a precursor for attachment loss around teeth. Defining and classifying gingival diseases has not been an easy task. The tools and methods to identify gingival diseases have varied depending on the criteria used by epidemiologists, researchers, or the practicing clinician. The classification of gingival disease in this review relied upon experimental and/or epidemiological human studies that accurately and reliably assessed an underlying functional derangement that was localized to the gingiva ...
Safety and Efficacy of Bivalirudin Monotherapy in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus and Acute Coronary Syndromes : A Report From the ACUITY (Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage Strategy) Trial

Objectives We sought to evaluate clinical outcomes of patients with diabetes mellitus in the ACUITY (Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage Strategy) trial, overall and by treatment arm. Background In the ACUITY trial, 13,819 patients with moderate- or high-risk acute coronary syndromes (ACS) were randomized to heparin (unfractionated or enoxaparin) plus glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition (GPI), bivalirudin plus GPI, or bivalirudin monotherapy. Compared with heparin plus GPI, bivalirudin monotherapy resulted in similar protection from ischemic events with less major bleeding. Whether these results apply to patients with diabetes is unknown. Methods We evaluated the impact of diabetes on 30-day net adverse clinical outcomes (composite ischemia [death, myocardial infarction, or unplanned ischemic revascularization] or major bleeding), overall and by antithrombotic strategy. Results Diabetes was present in 3,852 randomized patients (27.9%). Compared with nondiabetic patients, diabetic patients had higher 30-day rates of net adverse clinical outcomes (12.9% vs. 10.6%; p Conclusions Diabetic patients with ACS managed invasively have higher rates of composite ischemia and major bleeding. Compared with treatment with heparin plus GPI, bivalirudin monotherapy provides similar protection from ischemic events with less major bleeding, resulting in a significant reduction in net adverse clinical outcomes.
Die Untersuchung der vollen Kostendeckung

In einem der vorhergehenden Kapitel wurden Berichte und deren Formblatter als Informationsmittel fur die Unternehmensleitung uber die Ergebnisse der Leistungen im Vergleich zu den Plan- und Standardkosten beschrieben. Durch diese Berichte wird die eine Aufgabe der Kostenrechnung, namlich die Kontrolle der Kosten, ermoglicht. Eine andere Aufgabe sieht die Kostenrechnung darin, die Unternehmensleitung durch Unterlagen und Berichte in ihren Dispositionen und bei der Festlegung der Geschaftspolitik zu unterstutzen. Diese Informationen mussen in einer kurzen, genauen und leicht verstandlichen Form dargestellt sein. Eine dieser Informationen fur die Festlegung der Geschaftspolitik besteht in der Untersuchung des Umsatzwertes fur die volle Kostendeckung, die oft in der Form von graphischen Darstellungen erfolgt. Die Bezeichnung „volle Kostendeckun g“ stellt den Punkt dar, an dem durch die Geschaftstatigkeit des Unternehmens weder ein Gewinn noch ein Verlust auftritt. Die Untersuchung des Umsatzwertes fur die volle Kostendeckung gibt der Unternehmensleitung Informationen, die normalerweise umfangreiche Berichte und Tabellen erfordern.
“Those Things That Jesus Had Begun to Do and Teach”: Narrative Christology and Incarnational Ecclesiology in Acts:

In this paper I argue that the church in Acts is the narrative incarnation of Luke's prophetic Christology, providing often-overlooked Christological material in Acts. Within the functional definit...
Head Capsule Width as an Index of Age in Larvae of Navel Orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is a major pest of almonds and walnuts. Analysis of measurements of width of head capsules of 847 larvae indicates that growth rate between instars fits Dyar's rule. However, width of larval head capsules cannot be used directly to determine developmental stage of individuals because range of measurements of two consecutive developmental stages overlap. A statistical method for sorting larvae whose capsule measurements fall in the overlapping areas is presented. The method is based on the probability that a larva in any of these categories may belong to one or the other adjacent stage.
Cause analysis and countermeasures of boiler pipe explosion in power plant of Ningxia

Aiming at the problems of boiler pipe frequent explosion in Ningxia power plant near recent two years,summarizes and analyzes the fault cause of various boiler pipe explosion,puts forward the reply measures of preventing boiler pipe explosion.The analysis and practice shows that through active control and prevention,takes the reply measures in time,can control the furthest of boiler pipe explosions in power plant.
The role of multiple noncritical arterial stenoses in the pathogenesis of ischemia

The hemodynamic effects of multiple noncritical lesions in series were studied in in vitro experiments and in 15 animals. Flow visualization studies were also carried out to obtain insight into the flow pattern in the region of stenosis. Symmetrical stenosis pieces with a 50 per cent reduction in area were placed inside a plexiglass tube and used for both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Varying the number of stenoses and the spacing between them enabled us to study twelve different stenosis configurations during both pulsatile and steady flow. Flow conditions encountered clinically were simulated by varying the average Reynolds number between 30 and 380. Pressure drops across the stenosis test section were measured with a differential pressure transducer and used to calculate critical values for multiple, uniform, noncritical stenoses and for combinations of stenoses of different degrees. Results from steady and pulsatile flow in vitro were comparable, as were those results from the in vivo experiments. The pressure drop across a series of noncritical stenoses was nearly the sum of the individual pressure drops, with only slight dependence upon the spacing between stenoses. Thus it is concluded, from both experimental results and from the theoretical calculations, that the total effect of a series of noncritical stenoses may become critical and produce symptoms of arterial insufficiency.
Upgrading Liquid Products: Notes from the Workshop at the International Conference Research in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion

A workshop was held at the International Energy Agency conference, Research in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, on the subject of upgrading liquid products. The workshop discussion focused on the two prominent methods of liquids upgrading, catalytic hydroprocessing and catalytic cracking. Catalytic hydroprocessing as applied to biomass liquids relies heavily on petroleum developed technology; similar catalysts and operating conditions are used although lower space velocities are typical. The need for stabilization of the pyrolytic products prior to hydroprocessing was also discussed. Catalytic cracking of biomass liquids also relies heavily on petroleum processing technology. Zeolitic catalyst development has focused on the ZSM-5 of Mobil and its application to pyrolysis products. Significant olefinic gas yields are obtained in the zeolitic processing of biomass pyrolyzates and the conversion of these to liquid fuels is a primary research goal. Aromatic gasoline is the primary product in both catalytic processes. A general conclusion of the workshop participants was that the cost of liquid fuels for internal combustion engines would be higher in the foreseeable future. Due to the high cost of initial biomass liquefaction plants (including upgrading) a more likely near-term product would be aromatic chemicals produced under constrained economic circumstances.
Biphasic Regulation of Yes-associated Protein (YAP) Cellular Localization, Phosphorylation, and Activity by G Protein-coupled Receptor Agonists in Intestinal Epithelial Cells A NOVEL ROLE FOR PROTEIN KINASE D (PKD)

We examined the regulation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) localization, phosphorylation, and transcriptional activity in intestinal epithelial cells. Our results show that stimulation of intestinal epithelial IEC-18 cells with the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonist angiotensin II, a potent mitogen for these cells, induced rapid translocation of YAP from the nucleus to the cytoplasm (within 15 min) and a concomitant increase in YAP phosphorylation at Ser(127) and Ser(397) Angiotensin II elicited YAP phosphorylation and cytoplasmic accumulation in a dose-dependent manner (ED50 = 0.3 nm). Similar YAP responses were provoked by stimulation with vasopressin or serum. Treatment of the cells with the protein kinase D (PKD) family inhibitors CRT0066101 and kb NB 142-70 prevented the increase in YAP phosphorylation on Ser(127) and Ser(397) via Lats2, YAP cytoplasmic accumulation, and increase in the mRNA levels of YAP/TEAD-regulated genes (Ctgf and Areg). Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown of PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3 markedly attenuated YAP nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling, phosphorylation at Ser(127), and induction of Ctgf and Areg expression in response to GPCR activation. These results identify a novel role for the PKD family in the control of biphasic localization, phosphorylation, and transcriptional activity of YAP in intestinal epithelial cells. In turn, YAP and TAZ are necessary for the stimulation of the proliferative response of intestinal epithelial cells to GPCR agonists that act via PKD. The discovery of interaction between YAP and PKD pathways identifies a novel cross-talk in signal transduction and demonstrates, for the first time, that the PKDs feed into the YAP pathway.
Robots, Emotions, and Learning

Emotions have been identified as a factor that can help or hinder students’ knowledge gains and their engagement in the learning process. This chapter presents a discussion of the role of emotions in education, then provides a rationale for why one might consider using technologies in the classroom. Several cases where robotic technologies helped, hindered, or failed to help students in the learning process are presented. The cases demonstrate the importance of emotions in technology-mediated learning context. The designers of learning technologies need to take into account findings in psychology, cognitive science, and neuroscience, along with their interdependencies, with regards to emotions in order to improve students’ knowledge gains and learning experiences.
Evaluating the Mode Count

This chapter discusses the theoretical, experimental, and numerical methods for evaluating the mode count in a variety of statistical energy analysis (SEA) subsystem types. Although not unique to SEA, the mode count is a very important parameter in SEA because it represents the number of resonant modes available to receive and store energy in a subsystem. The mode count appears in the equations for the average frequency response function of a subsystem, the power balance between subsystems, and the relation between the modal response and the average system response variables. The modal density η(ω) is used most often in the theoretical development of SEA for distributed systems. The theoretical mode count for distributed systems is based on combining geometric information about the allowed mode shapes of the system with the dispersion relation for free waves in the system. The mode shapes for dynamical motion in a two-dimensional system are strongly dependent on the geometry of the system and also on the boundary conditions. The mode count for a general shape can be generalized from the mode count for a rectangular geometry, which is more easily analyzed.
Cost-Free Laser Caging in the Operating Room.

Abstract We have assembled a three-step process for securing and presetting the functional length of the laser fiber to be used for ureteroscopic lithotripsy. For this process, three components are required: a sterile piece of adhesive, an empty guidewire casing with a pre-attached Luer-Lok™ fitting, and a SureSeal® adapter. The only additional piece of equipment for this arrangement not routinely used during ureteroscopy is the sterile adhesive strip.
Area burned in alpine treeline ecotones reflects region-wide trends

The direct effects of climate change on alpine treeline ecotones – the transition zones between subalpine forest and non-forested alpine vegetation – have been studied extensively, but climate-induced changes in disturbance regimes have received less attention. To determine if recent increases in area burned extend to these higher-elevation landscapes, we analysed wildfires from 1984–2012 in eight mountainous ecoregions of the Pacific Northwest and Northern Rocky Mountains. We considered two components of the alpine treeline ecotone: subalpine parkland, which extends upward from subalpine forest and includes a fine-scale mosaic of forest and non-forested vegetation; and non-forested alpine vegetation. We expected these vegetation types to burn proportionally less than the entire ecoregion, reflecting higher fuel moisture and longer historical fire rotations. In four of eight ecoregions, the proportion of area burned in subalpine parkland (3%–8%) was greater than the proportion of area burned in the entire ecoregion (2%–7%). In contrast, in all but one ecoregion, a small proportion (≤4%) of the alpine vegetation burned. Area burned regionally was a significant predictor of area burned in subalpine parkland and alpine, suggesting that similar climatic drivers operate at higher and lower elevations or that fire spreads from neighbouring vegetation into the alpine treeline ecotone.
Ultrasound patterning technologies for studying vascular morphogenesis in 3D

Investigations in this report demonstrate the versatility of ultrasound-based patterning and imaging technologies for studying determinants of vascular morphogenesis in 3D environments. Forces associated with ultrasound standing wave fields (USWFs) were employed to non-invasively and volumetrically pattern endothelial cells within 3D collagen hydrogels. Patterned hydrogels were composed of parallel bands of endothelial cells located at nodal regions of the USWF and spaced at intervals equal to one half wavelength of the incident sound field. Acoustic parameters were adjusted to vary the spatial dimensions of the endothelial bands, and effects on microvessel morphogenesis were analyzed. High-frequency ultrasound imaging techniques were used to image and quantify the spacing, width and density of initial planar cell bands. Analysis of resultant microvessel networks showed that vessel width, orientation, density and branching activity were strongly influenced by the initial 3D organization of planar bands and, hence, could be controlled by acoustic parameters used for patterning. In summary, integration of USWF-patterning and high-frequency ultrasound imaging tools enabled fabrication of vascular constructs with defined microvessel size and orientation, providing insight into how spatial cues in 3D influence vascular morphogenesis.
Asymmetry at cell-cell interfaces direct cell sorting, boundary formation, and tissue morphogenesis

During development, cells of seemingly homogenous character sort themselves out into distinct compartments in order to generate cell types with specialized features that support tissue morphogenesis and function. This process is often driven by receptors at the cell membrane that probe the extracellular microenvironment for specific ligands and alter downstream signaling pathways impacting transcription, cytoskeletal organization, and cell adhesion to regulate cell sorting and subsequent boundary formation. This review will focus on two of these receptor families, Eph and Notch, both of which are intrinsically non-adhesive and are activated by a unique set of ligands that are asymmetrically distributed from their receptor on neighboring cells. Understanding the requirement of asymmetric ligand-receptor signaling at the membrane under homeostatic conditions gives insight into how misregulation of these pathways contributes to boundary disruption in diseases like cancer.
Multi-channel, widely-tunable coherent transmitter and receiver PICs operating at 88Gbaud/16-QAM

We demonstrate 2-channel Tx and Rx PICs capable of delivering >700Gbps per channel (via 88Gbaud, 16-QAM dual-polarization modulation) over an 80km unamplified link with per channel extended C-band tunability.
Evaluation of Changing Characteristics of Temporal Rainfall Distribution within 24-Hour Duration Storms and Their Influences on Peak Discharges: Case Study of Asheville, North Carolina

AbstractDesign storms are used for the sizing of urban drainage systems and for delineating floodplains. Recorded rainfall extremes are commonly used to develop design storms with the assumption of...
An Exploration of Bahamian Slavery & Matilda's Story

The author transforms the one-sided compilation of Bahamian history and highlights the Bahamian slaves' experience from the perspective of the slave. The introduction is a brief overview of Bahamian slavery. Charles Farquharson's (one of the last slave owners on San Salvador) slave plantation and its unique dynamics will be analyzed. The author includes a comparative analysis of Bahamian slavery and slavery in the United States of America throughout the overview. Next, the author includes a brief description on the historical fiction and neo-slave narrative genre's. This piece combines: oral history interviews, primary & secondary sources, and linguistic research. The latter portion of this work consist of real historical fiction.A True Relic of Slavery: Matilda's Journal from 1831-1832 seeks to close the dehumanizing gap from the history of San Salvador, Bahamas.
Sex-Based Differences in Risk Determinants and Management of Heart Failure

In the United States, more than 40% of heart failure (HF) patients are women, and among the elderly the prevalence of HF is greater in women than in men. Generally, HF affects women at a more advanced age with better global left ventricular systolic function, compared with men. The risk factors associated with HF and its underlying pathophysiology partially differ by sex. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus impose a greater risk of HF in women than in men, who are more likely to have coronary artery disease as an etiology. Most large HF trials have under-represented women in their enrollment numbers, and this has narrowed our understanding of sex-related differences in HF pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Among patients with HF, survival seems to be better in women than men, with the likely exception of patients with HF due to ischemic heart disease where prognosis is similar in both sexes. Current treatment guidelines are not sex-specific because sufficient data is not available, however, as the therapeutic options for HF expand, sex-based modifications to HF management may be considered in future revisions.
The Impact of Hurricanes on the Selling Price of Coastal Residential Real Estate

Abstract We investigate the extent to which hurricanes affect the prices of residential real estate in Dare County, NC from 1999 through 2012. We find a price discount of roughly 3.8% in the 60 day...
Review: Mechanotransduction in ovarian cancer: Shearing into the unknown

Ovarian cancer remains a deadly diagnosis with an 85% recurrence rate and a 5-year survival rate of only 46%. The poor outlook of this disease has improved little over the past 50 years owing to the lack of early detection, chemoresistance and the complex tumor microenvironment. Within the peritoneal cavity, the presence of ascites stimulates ovarian tumors with shear stresses. The stiff environment found within the tumor extracellular matrix and the peritoneal membrane are also implicated in the metastatic potential and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ovarian cancer. Though these mechanical cues remain highly relevant to the understanding and treatment of ovarian cancers, our current knowledge of their biological processes and their clinical relevance is deeply lacking. Seminal studies on ovarian cancer mechanotransduction have demonstrated close ties between mechanotransduction and ovarian cancer chemoresistance, EMT, enhanced cancer stem cell populations, and metastasis. This review summarizes our current understanding of ovarian cancer mechanotransduction and the gaps in knowledge that exist. Future investigations on ovarian cancer mechanotransduction will greatly improve clinical outcomes via systematic studies that determine shear stress magnitude and its influence on ovarian cancer progression, metastasis, and treatment.
Personality and Health

Ideas about associations between personality and health have been studied since their roots in the bodily humors of ancient Greece. Empirical research began in earnest in the mid-twentieth century with the idea of Type A behavior, supposedly a cause of coronary heart disease, but efforts have now broadened and deepened. There are a number of ways that personality is related to health, including through symptom reporting and medical usage, disease-caused personality changes, temperamental underlying third variables, and personality-caused illness. The mediating mechanisms of personality-caused illness include poor coping, unhealthy behaviors, physiological reactivity, and tropisms to unhealthy situations. Specific disease-prone traits examined here include extraversion, neuroticism, hostility, depression, conscientiousness, impulsivity, repression, and lack of disclosure. Finally, new notions of a self-healing personality are considered.
A Functional Analysis of Sifi Insolvency

In a 1989 article that remains one of the clearest, most sensible explications of an especially tricky point of bankruptcy law, Jay Westbrook announced a forthright methodology: "I call my approach "functional," because it proceeds by working through the problem from first principles." The same basic technique can tell us a lot about how banks - and other bank-like creatures or SIFIs, to use the industry lingo - should fail. On the one hand, governmental rescue of shareholders and other investors is beyond annoying, and there is some intuitive sense that if management does a poor job, they and their investor backers should face the consequences, just like any other firm. That bank managers would have the temerity to pay themselves large bonuses shortly after a taxpayer rescue only emphasizes the point. On the other hand, there is a widespread understanding that a large bank, or a sufficiently interconnected one, is not quite like Kmart, Enron, or even American Airlines, in that when the bank fails, it tends to take a large chunk of the economy along with it. Should we use bankruptcy or not? The 2010 legislative response to Lehman, and AIG, and Bank of America, and Citibank, and every other large financial institution that almost failed (or did, in the case of Lehman) is notably wobbly on the question of "how will a big bank fail?" Dodd-Frank created a new, FDIC-focused "orderly liquidation authority" or OLA to handle these cases, but then made it incredibly difficult to actually use OLA. Instead, banks are told to plan for failure under the Bankruptcy Code, and this time they should not expect any of the help that Lehman got. Bank insolvency, I submit, is all about special priorities: both ordinal and temporal. The Bankruptcy Code, on the other hand, takes an "equality is equity" approach to priorities as a baseline, mostly using state law to draw the claim-asset border. Bargaining for results within the general "equality" framework is another key feature of traditional insolvency law. Financial insolvency law expressly rejects this model; it instead is all about protecting some favored group from the effects of insolvency. There is no equality here, and it was never intended that there would be equality. And thus it is time to stop pretending SIFI insolvency is "normal" corporate insolvency but bigger. After nearly a decade of waffling between "special" and "normal" bankruptcy for banks, I believe we are now ready to build upon what we have learned and to take the necessary further step: stop feigning that bank insolvency can or should happen in bankruptcy court.
The multidimensional nature of the Boko Haram conflict

The debate concerning the Nigerian terrorist Boko Haram is typically simplified across two false dichotomies. First, it is treated as either a local conflict in northeast Nigeria with its epicentre in Borno State or part of a broader conflict in Northwest Africa (and beyond), encompassing northern Cameroon, southern Chad, Niger, and reaching into Libya and Mali. The second dichotomy concerns whether it is animated by local material conditions on the ground, or is part of a broader anti-West jihad. The Boko Haram insurgency is not that simple. It is, rather, a multidimensional conflict and can change overtime.
You’re not welcome at my table: racial discourse, conflict and healing at the kitchen table

AbstractIn this article, we reflect on the need for, and geography of, embodied cross-racial talk in the current political context. We reflect on our 2015 article ‘Kitchen Table Reflexivity: Negoti...
An Efficient Route to beta-D-Isoxazolidinyl Nucleosides via Diastereoselective Michael Addition of Hydroxylamine to Unsaturated Esters.

Enantioselective syntheses of β-d-isoxazolidinyl pyrimidine and purine nucleosides are described. Michael addition of N-methylhydroxylamine to α,β-unsaturated esters was investigated. Both E- and Z-esters 10E and 10Z produced the same intermediates which were cyclized to isoxazolidin-5-ones 8 with high diastereoselectivity. The major isoxazolidin-5-one 8a was reduced and acetylated to acetate 11 for the preparation of nucleosides. The coupling reaction of acetate 11 with silylated thymine, uracil, and N4-benzoylcytosine using TMSOTf as a Lewis acid yielded the corresponding nucleoside derivatives. The related purine analogue was produced by the BF3·Et2O-catalyzed condensation of acetate 11 with silylated 6-chloropurine. The predominant formation of the cis isomers for both pyrimidine and purine analogues was unexpected and the reaction mechanism was investigated. The nucleoside intermediates were converted to the corresponding 1,2-diols, which were latter oxidized and reduced to the desired monoalcohol pr...
The Determination of Tree Heights from Parallax Measurements

This paper discusses the various formulas in use for the computation of tree heights from parallax measurements in aerial photographs. The errors in the computed tree heights, caused by the various...
Field pretreatment of crown suckers for propagating hybrid hazelnuts

Abstract Hybrid hazelnuts [Corylus americana (Walter) x C. avellana (L.)] are being developed for their ecological and economic value as a new crop for the Upper Midwest, but lack of economically v...
An analytic solution for bottom intensified flow along sloping topography

Abstract A self-similar nonlinear analytic solution is derived for a case of isolated deep flow over broad sloping topography. The solution takes the form of an arctangent function and physically manifests as a compressing jet (narrowing and intensifying) with Ekman pumping controlling the interface evolution. Notably, this jet travels in the direction with shallow water to the left, which is in contrast to the expected flow direction of topographic Rossby wave propagation (shallow water to the right). Such deep flows are not accessible via satellite observations and play an important role ocean-coastal ocean connectivity. Examples of deep flows over broad shelves include the South Atlantic Bight and West Florida Shelf, where deep upwelling is thought to influence the generation of red tides, local ecosystems, and deep carbon sequestration. Relevance of the analytic solution to the South Atlantic Bight circulation is provided.
Diabetes education mobile APP prototype for Hispanic communities

When compared with the general United States population, Hispanic Americans are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and are far more likely to suffer devastating complications related to the disease. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to determine whether the use of a culturally tailored, mobile application prototype educational tool increased DM2 prevention knowledge among Hispanic patients at risk for DM2. The educational tool contained information about DM2 including risk factors, prevention, and health maintenance. The prototype was developed to function like a working mobile application and a pre/posttest was administered to participants at three local Hispanic community health fairs in Cincinnati, Ohio. Paired t test analysis of the 27 completed surveys showed a statistically significant improvement in posttest scores. The results showed that the average score was 4.1 out of a total of five possible points in the pre-test. The mean total score of the post-test was 4.7, with a total improvement of the mean score of 0.6 (0.0001). It was concluded that there was a statistically significant improvement in the knowledge of DM2 prevention after reviewing the material presented in the application prototype. In addition, participants expressed a strong interest in a working mobile application that offers culturally tailored DM2 prevention education.
Patient-specific factors are associated with severity of chondrolabral injury in patients with femoroacetabular impingement.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between patient-specific factors, preoperative radiographic findings, and the presence and severity of chondrolabral damage identified during hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement. Between 2014 and 2017, patients who underwent hip arthroscopy for FAI and labral tear were retrospectively reviewed. Patient-specific variables including age, gender, BMI, LCEA, and alpha angle were collected. Surgical reports were reviewed for labral tear position and size, as well as severity of acetabular and femoral chondromalacia. There were 205 patients who met inclusion criteria with a mean age of 33 years (range 15–66), BMI 26.5 (range 15.9–44.5), LCEA 32.2° (range 21.0°–56.0°) and alpha angle 59.1° (range 33.0°–86.0°). Greater age (p = 0.023), alpha angle (p = 0.011) and male gender (p < 0.001) significantly correlated with high-grade acetabular chondral damage. Increased LCEA (p < 0.001), increased alpha angle (p = 0.012), and greater age (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with increased labral tear size. Greater age, male gender, increased BMI and increased alpha angle were associated with more advanced acetabular chondromalacia. Additionally, greater age, increased LCEA, and increased alpha angle was associated with larger labral tear size. IV.
Resolving the Crowdfunding Conundrum: The Experience of the United States and Spain

The phenomenon known as crowdfunding has become an attractive alternative for businesses looking for investors without having to go through more well-established routes or without necessarily having to lure and impress professional investors. However, this new form of raising capital creates a series of issues and problems unique to crowdfunding, which has led to a struggle amongst governments to effectively regulate this new entrepreneurial opportunity. The crowdfunding conundrum government regulators are facing causes them to have to reconcile two contradictory missions: facilitating the acquisition of capital by businesses and protecting investors (and the market) from fraud and manipulation. This article analyzes this conundrum from a United States and Spanish perspective. I first describe the crowdfunding conundrum in general terms by explaining how crowdfunding, (both consumer and accredited investor) works in practice and explore the major problems and issues that startup companies, investors, the market, and the state face in crowdfunding which need to be resolved in a regulatory system. I will then describe and evaluate the current American and Spanish and proposed European regulatory solutions to the crowdfunding conundrum. I then conclude by evaluating be whether and how well the United States’ and Spain’s regulations as well as the EU proposed regulations, have attempted to resolve the conundrum by balancing the risks and problems facing crowdfunding transactions.
Characteristics and outcome of patients with MYD88 wild-type Waldenström Macroglobulinemia.

8550Background: Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare lymphoplasmacytic malignancy characterized by the presence of a recurrent point mutation in the MYD88 gene (MYD88L265P) in 80-95% of cas...