cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Sorption of neptunyl(V) cations on suspended silicate: Effects of pH, ionic strength, complexing anions, humic acid, and metal ions

Sorption of tracer Am3+ to silicate particles was studied as a function of pcH (4 to 9) and of ionic strength [0.20M to 1.50M (NaClO4)] at 298 K. The sorption increased with increased pcH from 4 to 6 above which saturation was observed. The insensitivity of Am3+ sorption to increased ionic strength indicates inner-sphere complexation with the surface silicate sites. The effects of different complexing anions such as carbonate, acetate, oxalate, phosphate, citrate, EDTA and humic acid, on Am3+ sorption were investigated. Synergistic enhancement in Am3+ sorption was observed in the presence of phosphate (4≤pcH≤7) and acetate (4≤pcH≤5) ligands at 0.20M NaClO4. The presence of the other ligands inhibited Am3+ sorption in the order: EDTA > citrate > oxalate > carbonate. Am3+ sorption in the presence of HA (25.00 mg/l) increased in the pcH range of 4.0 to 5.5, then decreased. Increased ionic strength enhanced Am3+ sorption in the presence of 25.00 mg/l HA for 4≤pcH≤9. The sorption increased in the presence of a mixture of HA (25.00 mg/l) and phosphate (1.00·10−3M) as compared to that of HA (25.00 mg/l) alone. The presence of Fe3+ (1.00·10−4M) enhanced Am3+ sorption at pcH∼4 but suppressed it from pcH of 5 to 9; 1.00·10−4M of Ca2+ and of UO22+ ions had no effect on the sorption profile.
THE PROCESS OF RETIREMENT: A REVIEW AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE INVESTIGATION

Since the average ages of many industrialized nations' workers are increasing, it is important to know (1) the causes of employees' decisions to retire early and (2) the effects of retirement on the lives of retirees and on their employing organizations. The fields of gerontology and of social, clinical, and developmental psychology have investigated retirement, usually focusing on individual well-being as a criterion. Industrial/organizational psychology generally has not delved into the topic. A review of the empirical literature and theories regarding the two retirement issues leads to conclusions that are very tentative due to the nature of the research methods used until now. I/O psychologists have the opportunity to contribute to knowledge about retirement because of their dual interests in both individuals and organizations and because of their tradition of scientific rigor. Propositions are provided for future research.
SmNd constraints on early lunar differentiation and the evolution of KREEP

The internal Sm-Nd systematics of lunar KREEP basalt 15386 and its implications for the evolutionary history of KREEP on the moon are reported. The age of the 15386 rocklet indicated by the measured Sm-Nd mineral isochron is consistent with the reported Rb-Sr and (Ar-39)-(Ar-40) ages of other KREEP-rich samples, which is interpreted as the time 15386 crystallized from a liquid on or near the lunar surface. This suggests that the eruption of these incompatible element-rich liquids was related to deep impact events during the final bombardment phase of the surface of the moon. It is concluded that the extremely narrow spread of Sm-Nd model ages for these samples around 4.36 AE, and the compatibility of this age with that indicated by the U-Pb and Rb-Sr systems, indicate that the source of later KREEP volcanism was produced in the closing stages of an early global scale lunar differentiation episode.
Using the balanced scorecard process to compute the value of software applications

This paper describes a method that will provide practical help for IT managers and other enterprise executives who want to determine the value of their software projects. A set of measures is described that can help the IT manager determine the value of IT projects, either at the time a project is initiated or at the time the project is operational. This paper identifies relevant performance measures used in the balanced scorecard process and then maps them to IT benefits: which are categorized by strategic, informational, and transactional dimensions. The appropriate measure can be identified and value quantified based upon the expected IT benefit.
Nuclear Transfer in the Bovine Using Microinjected Donor Embryos: Assessment of Development and Deoxyribonucleic Acid Detection Frequency

Bovine embryos that had been microinjected with DNA were examined for their potential use as donor embryos in nuclear transfer. Donor embryos were obtained from oocytes collected by transvaginal oocyte aspiration, matured and fertilized in vitro, microinjected with a murine whey acidic protein-human protein C genomic DNA construct, and cultured in vitro on liver cells of buffalo rat (Rattus norvegicus). Blastomeres from these embryos were transferred into enucleated bovine oocytes received from an abattoir by electrofusion at 40 h postmaturation. Following 7 d of culture, the developmental stage was recorded, and resulting embryos were prepared for analysis by polymerase chain reaction. Embryos that were derived from microinjected donor embryos did not differ from control donor embryos (11 vs. 8.6%) in development to the morula and blastocyst stage. Of the biopsies from 20 microinjected donor embryos, 19 were positive for the injected DNA. Of 37 embryos developing normally, only 12 (32.4%) were positive for the injected DNA. These results indicate that microinjected embryos can be successfully used in a nuclear transfer program to produce additional viable embryos and that these embryos may be reliably screened for the transgene for transfer to recipients.
DOCTORAL RESEARCH IN LOGISTICS AND LOGISTICS‐RELATED AREAS: 1992–1998

A total of 317 logistics and logistics-related dissertations were published in Dissertation Abstracts between 1992 and 1998. Observations about these dissertation abstracts are offered and comparisons made with earlier research studies that examined dissertations published between 1970–1986 and 1987–1991. The number of dissertations published has plateaued although the number of colleges and universities granting doctoral degrees in the area have broadened, with several “new players” entering the arena. Some traditional topics within logistics are being researched to a lesser degree, while others such as supply chain management, general logistics, customer service/satisfaction, international logistics, and human resources/organizational issues, are being examined more frequently.
The Dialectic of Divine Love: Pannenberg's Hegelian Trinitarianism

: In this study of Pannenberg's social trinitarianism, I first present his Hegelian-dialectical approach to the problem of the unity and plurality in God, highlighting his many innovations, such as the mutual reciprocity of the divine persons, the mutual mediation of the divine essence and the three persons, the essence as self-manifestation and a force field, the Holy Spirit as the divine essence, which is love. Second, I discuss serious reservations about some of the consequences of these innovations, such as the monarchy of the Spirit, the elevation of the divine essence as an entity above the three persons, the failure to explain the specificity and equality of each person, and others.
Hispanic Immigration to the United States

This chapter presents some of the exceptional characteristics of recent Hispanic immigration to the United States. In 2005, there were nearly 40 million Hispanic immigrants and descendants of Hispanic immigrants living in the U.S. The assimilation experience of this large cultural group does not seem to be following the path past immigrants to the U.S. followed. Most third generation Hispanics in the U.S. still find themselves with income and education levels below the U.S. averages. Most forecasts predict that about 60 million Hispanics and Hispanic-Americans will be living in the U.S. by 2030.
Teaching Difficult Topics: The Example of the Algerian War

Author(s): Knutson, Elizabeth M | Abstract: While history as critical discourse differs importantly from the more subjective narratives of collective memory, even historians vary in their accounts and analyses of past events. This article argues for the need to include a spectrum of voices and text types when teaching history in the context of foreign language study, taking the example of “official stories,” collective memories, and historical accounts of the Algerian War of 1954-62. In addition to presenting varied views and text genres, the argument is made for the importance of teaching the controversies that arise around difficult topics, even many years after the fact. Teaching different sides of a difficult story and its unresolved conflicts is a form of realism that respects students’ intelligence and fosters their self-awareness as cultural subjects. Examples of a multiple perspectives approach are drawn from two textbooks published in France, with additional suggestions for classroom materials and activities at various instructional levels.
Mixing human and software agents: a case study

We describe a multiagent approach of the organisation of a collective activity within a pedagogical context. We consider pedagogical situations where students have to explicitly define the articulation of their collective work and then achieve the different tasks they have defined. Our objective is to support these students by taking some of these tasks in charge whilst making them work out such organisation features. For this purpose, we propose to consider that the group of students forms a multi agent system and to introduce software agents that can achieve some of the tasks within this group. This conducts students to tackle the problem in terms of human and software agent coordination. We present how this approach can be conceptualized and modelled using Engestrom's triangle and how task delegation can be used as a means to enable students to define the software agent's behaviour.
The lived experience of adults with bipolar disorder and comorbid substance use disorder.

There is a high incidence of comorbid substance use in the bipolar population. Co-occurring substance use in this population increases negative outcomes and changes the illness presentation. Currently there is a lack of insight into the lived experience of adults with bipolar disorder and comorbid substance abuse. This descriptive phenomenological study describes and enhances the understanding of what it is like to live with bipolar disorder and comorbid substance used disorder. The data were collected using face-to-face in-depth interviews. Six distinctive themes were developed and validated by the descriptions of the experiences of the participants. The six themes that emerged from analysis of formulated meanings were: (1) Life is Hard; (2) Feeling the Effects; (3) Trying to Escape; (4) Spiritual Support; (5) Being Pushed Beyond the Limits; and (6) A Negative Connotation. All the themes came from the interconnection of bipolar disorder and substance use disorder. This study has implications for nursing ...
Progesterone and Interferon-τ Regulate Cystatin C in the Endometrium

Cystatin C (CST3) is a secreted inhibitor of lysosomal cysteine proteases cathepsins B (CTSB) and CTSL, which are abundant in the ovine endometrium and conceptus. In mice, cathepsins and cystatins play important roles in implantation and placentation. This study determined effects of the estrous cycle, pregnancy, progesterone (P4), and interferon-τ (IFNT) on CST3 in the ovine uterus. In cyclic ewes, CST3 mRNA was low on d 10, increased about 12-fold by d 12, and declined thereafter. In early pregnant ewes, CST3 mRNA was low on d 10 and increased about 130-fold from d 10 to d 20. CST3 mRNA and protein were abundant in the endometrial luminal epithelium (LE) and glandular epithelium and also in conceptus trophectoderm. In uterine flushes from pregnant ewes, CST3 protein was not detected on d 10 but was abundant on d 12, 14, and 16. In another study, treatment of ovariectomized, cyclic ewes with P4 induced a 14-fold increase in endometrial CST3 mRNA, and IFNT stimulated an additional 2-fold increase in CST3 ...
Are Public Service Nonprofit Boards Meeting Their Responsibilities

Public service nonprofit organizations have long been “partners” in the delivery of public services. Such nonprofit organizations are governed by boards, typically composed of citizen volunteers, that are expected to meet substantial standards of accountability and performance. Previous research has raised questions about how well such boards are meeting their responsibilities. A 2007 Urban Institute study, based on the first large representative sample of U.S. public benefit nonprofits, provides important evidence about the extent to which nonprofit boards are meeting certain accountability and performance standards.
Dual-level gain-scheduled control for unmodeled subsystem dynamics

This paper extends the concept of gain-scheduling on a priori unmodeled dynamics by introducing parameter-dependent weighting filters. Using these filters, a dual-level gain-scheduled controller can be designed, where the controller depends on the weighting filter parameters and perturbation dynamics. Parameterizing the weighting filter provides a more structured description of the unmodeled dynamics, and reduces design conservatism by providing variable weighting envelope which can be tailored to the unmodeled dynamics in the actual plant. The synthesis problem is formulated as a continuously-constrained LMI optimization problem, which combines the existing LPV and LFT gain-scheduling methods. A design example is presented, and the dual-level gain-scheduled controller delivers performance which is superior to a dynamic gain-scheduled controller with a fixed weighting filter and which approaches the performance of the worst case "point"" design.
Analytical and simulation studies of failure modes in SRAMs using high electron mobility transistors

Gallium arsenide memories, which are now beginning to be used commercially, are subject to certain unusual parametric faults, not normally seen in silicon or other memory devices. This paper studies the behavior of gallium arsenide high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) memories in the presence of material defects, processing errors and design errors to formulate efficient testing schemes. All defects and errors are mapped into equivalent circuit modifications and the resulting circuits are analyzed and simulated to observe the fault effects. Certain complex pattern-sensitive faults described in the testing literature are not observed at all, while certain other faults which have not been previously studied, are observed. It is shown that by slightly modifying and reordering existing test procedures, all faults in these RAMs can be tested. >
Aptamer Based Microsphere Biosensor for Thrombin Detection

We have developed an optical microsphere resonator biosensor using aptamer as receptor for the measurement of the important biomolecule thrombin. The sphere surface is modified with anti-thrombin aptamer, which has excellent binding affinity and selectivity for thrombin. Binding of the thrombin at the sphere surface is monitored by the spectral position of the microsphere's whispering gallery mode resonances. A detection limit on the order of 1 NIH Unit/mL is demonstrated. Control experiments with non-aptamer oligonucleotide and BSA are also carried out to confirm the specific binding between aptamer and thrombin. We expect that this demonstration will lead to the development of highly sensitive biomarker sensors based on aptamer with lower cost and higher throughput than current technology.
Unexplained Severe Pulmonary Hypertension in the Older Age Group

Two cases of unexplained severe pulmonary hypertension were seen in the older age group. Although classified as primary pulmonary hypertension, the clinical course of these patients was very unusual because of their age and relatively long duration of diseases. The long period of follow-up allowed assessment of both the difficulties of making a definite diagnosis of primary pulmonary hypertension in the older age group and the noninvasive methods which were particularly helpful. Making the diagnosis of primary pulmonary hypertension in the older age group is important because there are now drugs which can ameliorate the severity of pulmonary hypertension.
Short Selling and Intraday Price Pressures

We study episodes of significant intraday downward price pressures in individual stocks and find that price declines during such episodes are driven mainly by liquidity demanding nonshort volume. Although short sellers during these price pressure episodes are also active and somewhat exacerbate the magnitude of price declines, their influence on prices is secondary to that of nonshort sellers. As such, our findings are inconsistent with the recently reignited allegations of systematic trading abuses caused solely by short sellers and might shed light on the debate regarding the need to reinstitute short selling restrictions.
Sweden in 1850 as an "Impoverished Sophisticate": Comment

Lars G. Sandberg has twice in this JOURNAL described Sweden in the middle of the nineteenth century as an "impoverished sophisticate," whose institutions and stock of human capital were well in advance of its income per capita as compared with other countries in Continental Europe.' The- term "impoverished sophisticate" may be questioned for the adjective, which suggests a dynamic process of falling income, whereas prior to 1850 Swedish income was not growing rapidly as it was in later decades, but had been sustained by the introduction of the potato. This note is directed, however, to the question of the sophistication of Swedish financial institutions, prior to the rapid development of banking in all countries of Europe in the 1850s and 1860s. I have no question on education or literacy. Sandberg is sometimes hesitant to be precise as to whether he is characterizing Sweden as sophisticated in 1850 or 1870.2 There can be no dispute about the latter date. Rapid export-led growth in the 1850s and 1860s contributed vigorous stimulation to the founding of credit institutions, beginning with the Stockholms Enskilda Bank in 1856 and continuing with the joint stock banks of the early 1860s. The issue for 1850 is of moment because of the Coase theorem, which maintains that institutions spring into place as needed.3 There can of course be institutional borrowing in advance of demand, notably in political science where constitution-writing patterned after other countries and bicameral legislatures have sprung up early in newly independent countries, and even in finance where Kemmerers, H. Parker Willises, and Triffins have produced central banks in many countries in advance of the country's capacity for its effective use. The demonstration effect in consumption, first noted perhaps by Ragnar Nurkse, is familiar. But financial innovation in advance of need on a wide front would constitute, along with the lag postulated by the school of institutionalists, a counter example to the Coase theorem. Designation of Sweden in 1850 as sophisticated raises a question primarily because so many writers on the subject take the view that the Swedish banking and credit system prior to 1850 was antiquated. Heckscher, for example, finds it illuminating that when banks appeared they were likely to seek the assistance of the trading houses, rather than vice versa. He goes on to say that Swedish trading houses were far inferior to the leading houses in the principal countries of Europe.4 Joint-stock companies were not accepted
Resilience through technology adoption: merging the old and the new in Iraq

Citizen response to disaster has begun to receive attention in the CHI community but little attention has so far been given to how citizens use technology to adapt when their country is at war. We report on an ethnographic interview study of how technology was adopted and used by citizens to be resilient during wartime. We interviewed 45 Iraqi citizens experiencing the current Iraq war. Based on our data we identified properties of resilience: reconfiguring social networks, self-organization, redundancy, proactive practices, and repairing trust in information. Technology supported people in being resilient by enabling them to control identity, to collaborate in travel, to create an organizational memory, and to provide alternative sources of news and information. As people adopted and used technology to be resilient we found a merging of old and new cultural practices. We discuss these systemic changes and describe implications for how technology can support people in being resilient in disrupted environments.
Development and Validation of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale

Objective: To describe the development and validation of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS), a 17-item instrument designed to measure intrusion, avoidance, and arousal symptoms associated with indirect exposure to traumatic events via one’s professional relationships with traumatized clients. Method: A sample of 287 licensed social workers completed a mailed survey containing the STSS and other relevant survey items. Results: Evidence was found for reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and factorial validity. Conclusions: The STSS fills a need for reliable and valid instruments specifically designed to measure the negative effects of social work practice with traumatized populations. The instrument may be used to undertake empirical investigation into the prevention and amelioration of secondary traumatic stress among social work practitioners.
Analysis of the specificity of anti-pm-scl autoantibodies

Objective. To compare the specificity of anti-PM-Scl autoantibodies in serum samples from 43 patients with myositis, scleroderma, or both. Methods. Anti-PM-Scl immunoprecipitates from HeLa cell extract were used as antigen for immunoblot analyses to determine the antigenic components. A series of complementary DNA fragments was expressed in Escherichia coli for immunoblot examination of the reaction with the 100-kd protein. Results. The immunoblot against immunoprecipitates was sensitive and specific for detecting reactions with components of the PM-Scl antigen: 42 of 43 sera (97.7%) reacted with the 100-kd, 27 of 43 (62.8%) with the 70-kd, and 5 of 43 (11.6%) with the 37-kd protein (not previously recognized as antigenic). Forty-one sera reacted with N-terminal protein S1 (amino acids 11–437), 39 with central protein S2 (amino acids 439–749), and 24 with C-terminal protein S3 (amino acids 750–882). Of 42 sera tested, 28 (66.7%) reacted most strongly with S1, and 6 (14.3%) reacted most strongly with S2. Absorption studies implied additional, conformational epitopes not present on the bacterially expressed antigen. Conclusion. There was an overall similarity in reactivity to the PM-Scl antigen, but there were differences in the reactivity to the 70-kd and 37-kd proteins, as well as in the relative strength of the reactivity to the S2 protein.
Characterization and in vitro degradation of salicylate-derived poly(anhydride-ester microspheres).

The aim of this study was to investigate how glass transition temperature (Tg) influenced polymer microsphere formation and degradation of three chemically, similar novel salicylatebased poly(anhydride-esters): poly[1,6-bis(o-carboxyphenoxy)hexanoate] (CPH), Tg = 59°C; poly[1,8-bis(o-carboxyphenoxy)octanoate] (CPO), Tg = 30°C; and poly[1,10-bis(ocarboxyphenoxy) decanoate] (CPD), Tg = 27°C. Microspheres of these polymers were prepared using a modified oil-in-water solvent evaporation method and processed by either resuspension or washed by centrifugation. The morphology of the microspheres determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that an extra washing step appears to increase aggregation as the Tg decreases; whereas only limited aggregation occurred in the polymer with the lowest Tg, CPD, in those not washed by centrifugation. Residual polyvinyl alcohol apparently affected the drug release rates from the microspheres by a stabilization process that produced an 8 h lag time and a 5% decreas...
Competition between Chromosomal Aberrations Associated with Curly and Their Wild Type Homologues in Laboratory Populations of Drosophila Melanogaster.

NVERSIONS are commonly found in natural populations of animals, but transI locations rarely occur. While inversions may affect the viability of an individual, favorably as well as unfavorably in certain cases, relatively complete pairing in meiosis can occur, normal gametes are formed, and the fertility of the organism is seldom affected, even when crossing over occurs within long inverted segments of inversion heterozygotes (STURTEVANT and BEADLE 1936; CARSON 1946). In translocation heterozygotes, however, the rearrangement of the chromosomes into new combinations leads to dficulties in meiosis, since the normal homologues pair with the chromosomes in the translocation (for Drosophila and references to other species, see e.g. STURTEVANT and DOBZHANSKY 1930; DOBZHANSKY and STURTEVANT 1931; GLASS 1933, 1935; BROWN 1940; PIPKIN 1940). Segregation in meiosis leads to the formation of some gametes which may be deficient for large segments of genetic material, while other blocks of genes may be duplicated. In most plants and animals, therefore, except those in which segregation is directed, translocations result in low fecundity. In addition to this, most translocations in Drosophila also adversely affect the viability of the flies carrying them, especially if they are present in the homozygous condition (MULLER and ALTENBURG 1930; PATTERSON, STONE, BEDICHEK and SUCHE 1934). For these reasons inversions should stand a much better chance of becoming established in natural populations of animals than translocations, and such is found to be the case. The fact that translocations do occur and in some animal species are evidently maintained in natural populations, although rarely, makes it of interest to examine the adaptive value of translocations in laboratory populations where they compete with their wild type homologues. This report deals with the experimental study of one such translocation, itself marked with the dominant gene Curly, which is associated with inversions in the second chromosome. An account of a portion of the work to be presented has been published earlier in abstract form (ERK 1952).
Attachment Theory and Methods for Meanings of Couple Intimacy

We provide comments on “Meaning of Intimacy: A Comparison of Members of Heterosexual and Same-Sex Couples,” noting that there are both content and methodological issues that should be addressed in the article. First, attachment theory, used by social psychologists as a major component of the study of relationships, is entirely omitted. Second, both qualitative and quantitative issues are raised by the ways in which intimacy categories are developed and participant stories assigned to them. Finally, none of the results are statistically significant. We address these issues in detail.
Modeling of synchronous reluctance motors aided by permanent magnets with asymmetric rotor poles

The design of Synchronous Reluctance motors with asymmetric flux barriers has been recently used to reduce torque ripple. Finite element models are necessary tool to find the right place and dimensions of the flux barriers as well as to predict the torque harmonics. However, it is time consuming to analyze the model since periodicity and symmetry conditions cannot be used to reduce the model to a single pole. Therefore, in this paper an analytical model is presented to rapidly and accurately study the effect of such asymmetry of rotor poles on the torque ripple. The proposed approach is validated against a finite element model.
Positive Temperatures with Prescribed Initial Heat Distributions

is the quantity of heat at time t in the portion (a, b) of the rod. Thus it is natural to pose the problem of constructing a non-negative solution of (1) whose initial heat distribution Q(a, b; 0 +) exists and coincides with a prescribed Borel measure tu on R. The purpose of this note is to show that D. V. Widder's theory of positive temperature functions [5], [6] provides a complete solution of this problem.
Thermal Design and Constraints for Heterogeneous Integrated Chip Stacks and Isolation Technology Using Air Gap and Thermal Bridge

This paper summarizes the thermal challenges in conventional 3-D stacks and proposes a novel stacking structure that eases the thermal problem. The objective of this paper is first to define limits and opportunities for developing different 3-D chip stacks from a thermal perspective, and second to explore our proposed system as a function of microbumps, through silicon vias, die thickness, and other design parameters. In our proposed 3-D stack, the interposer integrated microfluidic heat sink serves as the main heat sink. To thermally decouple stacked dice, we propose air gap isolation between them and a thermal bridge on top of the stack to cool down the isolated die. To evaluate the thermal benefits of the stack, a thermal model is developed based on the finite difference method. Several chip stack scenarios are studied and the simulations are conducted with a processor power of 74.63 W/cm 2 and memory power of 2.82 W/cm 2 . The proposed architecture yielded processor and memory temperatures of 64°C and 40°C, respectively, compared with 76°C and 75°C for the air cooled stack.
Alpha-oxoglutarate carboxylation in liver mitochondria isolated from rats fed diets of varied fat concentration. 1.

SummaryRat liver mitochondria, incubated under anaerobic conditions, in media containing α-oxoglutarate and HCO3 + CO2, oxidized α-oxoglutarate through the tricarboxylic acid cycle and utilized the reducing equivalents produced by this oxidation to drive α-oxoglutarate to citrate via reductive carboxylation. Feeding rats artificially prepared diets high in fat (30 and 70%) for 12 weeks prior to sacrifice increased the rates of α-oxoglutarate oxidation and citrate accumulation by the isolated mitrochondria.The authors thank Hugh Tobin for his technical assistance.
The Relationship Between Early Life Events, Parental Attachment, and Psychopathic Tendencies in Adolescent Detainees

Despite increasing interest in understanding psychopathic traits in youth, the role of early environmental factors in the development of psychopathic traits is not well understood. No prior studies have directly examined the relationship between early life events and psychopathic traits. We examined links between life events in the first 4 years of life and indices of the core affective and interpersonal components of psychopathy. Additionally, we examined relationships between early life events, psychopathic traits, and attachment to parents among 206 adjudicated adolescents. Results indicated that the total number of early life events was positively correlated with indices of the affective component of psychopathy. Moreover, psychopathic traits moderated the relationship between the number of early life events and later reports of attachment to parents. Findings suggest that early environmental factors could have important implications for the development of psychopathic traits and may impact attachment to parents for youth with psychopathic traits.
Effects of Lifengling on Lodging Resistance and Yield of Direct Sowing Rice with Two Application Doses of Nitrogen

The effects of plant growth regulator Lifengling on lodging resistance properties and yield of direct sowing rice was studied under different fertilization patterns.The tested rice variety of Y liangyou No.I was treated with 2fertilization patterns(high amount of nitrogen and appropriate amount of nitrogen)and at the same time,was sprayed with plant growth regulators Lifengling at 7days before jointing stage.The spray of regulators reduced the internode length from the fourth to the fifth node below ear and increased the stalk diameter and wall thickness,especially the fifth internode.It increased the breaking resistance while reduced the lodging index of rice significantly(P0.01)to strengthen the lodging resistance of rice.The application of the regulators increased the plant height,leaf width,and the angular separation between leaf and stalk,reduced the length of flag,second and third leaf,and improve the plant morphology.The thousand kernel weight,the number of grain per ear,and rice yield increased owing to the application of the regulator.The theoretical outcomes increased by 6.57% and7.03%(P0.01)compared with controls at high amount of nitrogen and appropriate amount of nitrogen,respectively.So spraying of Lifengling at 7day before jointing stage,combining with appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilization,would be an important cultivation practice to lodging resistance and high yield of direct sowing rice.
Determination of iodine in water by headspace gas chromatography

Objective:To deveLop a method to determine iodine in water.Methods: Iodine in water was determined by headspace capillary gas chromatography.Results: Under the optimal experimental conditions,the recovery of iodine was in the range of 90.5%～98.5%,the relative standard deviation was from 3.0%～5.5%,and the determination limit was 1 μg/L.Conclusion: The method is simple and the detection limit is low,the linear range is acceptable.Using the method,iodine could be determined in water.
High resolution numerical simulation of the atmospheric dispersion based on BSMPKU

The present article is inclined to estimate the ability of the so-called Block Scale Model of Peking University BSMPKU in simulating and forecasting the airflow and air pollutant dispersion in the real urban areas. To validate the numerical results of BSMPKU,we have,first of all,adopted the Thompson dataset from the wind tunnel to compare the gap in the simulation results between the two Computational Fluid Dynamics( CFD) model,BSMPKU and the OpenF OAM( Open Source Field Operation and Manipulation). And,then,we have been trying to apply the said BSMPKU model to the complex real urban areas for simulating the airflow and dispersion pattern of the pollutants released from the three hypothetical traffic line sources. The results of our simulation show that:( 1) The reverse area in front of the windward side and recirculation region behind the leeward side extend with the broadening of the width of an isolated building;( 2) BSMPKU and OpenF OAM function well in simulating the wind field and the concentration field around the said isolated building,on the top of whose roof vortex can be clearly identified in the wind field simulated by OpenF OAM;( 3) As compared to the AERMOD( American Meteorological Society / Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model),a Gaussian plume model,the BSMPKU and OpenF OAM we were using helped to forecast the concentration much better,especially in the location and at the peak of the concentration value,whereas there might still exist some errors between the simulation results of the two models and the data gained from the experiments;( 4) The wind field shows that the complicated features in the building block area due to the effects of the building blocks,for example,the wind velocity tends to be made slower within the building blocks area. What is more,the vortexes that are generated in the building block area are not merely,but quite a many,which result in a very bad condition for the dispersion of the air pollutants. Moreover,it is the location and the direction of the pollution source generated in the building block that could produce very great impacts on the pollution concentration,whose peak data of the concentration around the source tended to increase dramatically when the line source was passing through the building clocks;( 5) The BSMPKU model that functions well over the real urban area enjoys the strong power of simulating and forecasting the dispersion in the complicated real urban area.
New Microwave Induced Resonances in the Conductance of a GaAs/Ga1-xAlxAs Heterojunction

We have observed microwave induced resonances in the conductance of a GaAs/Ga1-xAlxAs heterojunction placed in a uniform magnetic field and cooled to 1.7K. In addition to the narrow spin resonance and the broad oscillations due to microwave heating reported by Stein et al1, we observed a new series of resonances when $$\rlap{--} h\omega _c \, > > \rlap{--} h\omega _m \, > \,\text{spin}\,\text{splitting}$$ where ωc and ωm are the cyclotron and microwave frequencies respectively. This series consists of two resonances per Landau level and is observed already at microwave powers one to two orders of magnitude lower than the minimum required to see the microwave heating signal. We believe these new resonances to result from non-resonant spin transitions within each Landau level. It is the underlying Landau level structure which converts these non-resonant transitions into resonant changes in conductance. As a result we have a sensitive probe of the Landau level density of states.
High-throughput RNAi phenotypic screening for the identification of genes that modulate estrogen activity in human breast cancer cells

996 Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer related death among women in the United States. Of the diagnosed cases of breast cancer, the majority are estrogen receptor (ER) positive making the estrogen receptor a major target in breast cancer therapy. Although anti-estrogen therapy has proven successful in treating ER-positive breast cancer patients, acquired resistance of the tumor is known to occur. In order to develop a more effective anti-estrogen therapy, our goal is to identify genes involved in modulation of the response to estrogen signaling in breast cancer cells using an innovative functional genomics approach based on high-throughput RNA interference (HT-RNAi) analysis. Assays for HT-RNAi were developed to monitor estrogen dependent signaling utilizing the T47D-KBluc breast cancer cell line, which expresses luciferase under the control of the estrogen response element (ERE). This cell line was adapted for HT-RNAi by optimizing siRNA transfection conditions in a 384-well format. Dose response curves were generated in assay format to determine the EC50 for estrogen activity. The HT-RNAi assay involved the transfection of T47-KBluc cells with siRNA targeting 588 kinases and twenty-four hours later, treating the cells with an EC50 dose of estrogen. The assay readouts consisted of parallel measurements of both ERE reporter activity and proliferation. Genes that modulate the response to estrogen are further validated using functional assays examining the gene9s role in estrogen response. Furthermore, an assay for identifying modulators of the anti-estrogen activity of tamoxifen was developed utilizing the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. This HT-RNAi assay measureed growth inhibition of MCF-7 cells transfected with siRNA targeting 588 kinases and treated with tamoxifen or vehicle. Modulators of tamoxifen response were also further validated. These approaches will rapidly and efficiently identify important genes involved in estrogen dependent growth of breast cancer cells including the identification of new drug targets.
La miniatura come documento storico: le celebrazioni di Saptasvarupa Annakutotsava al Tempio di Śrī Nāthjī a Nathdwara nel 1822

This article highlights the importance of a prominent festival, the Saptasvarupa Annakutotsava celebrated in Nathdwara in 1822, through an iconographic analysis of a miniature painting dated to 1822–1850 in the LACMA collection. First, the essay delimits the area of investigation by briefly introducing the sect of Puṣṭi Mārg, its icons or svarūp s, and the installation of its most important deity, Śrī Nāthjī, at Nathdwara in 1672. Secondly, it analyzes the festival of 1822 as depicted in the painting. The final part of the study underlines the significance of the celebrations in the history of the sect by contextualizing the event with information drawn from secondary literature: it introduces some well-documented issues, such as the absence of the svarūp of Bālkṛṣṇajī in the celebrations; it mentions some of the problems that Dauji, the head priest of the temple, had to overcome in the coordination of the festival, such as settling the disputes among the gosvāmī s of the sect; and it concludes with a comparative analysis of the Saptasvarupa Annakutotsava with two similar festivals held in Nathdwara in 1739–1740 and 1966 to emphasize the preeminence of the event of 1822 in the history of Puṣṭi Mārg.
The impact of obesity on 30-day complications in pediatric surgery.

To examine the effects of obesity on specialty-specific surgical outcomes in children. Retrospective cohort study using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, Pediatric, 2012–2014. Patients included those aged 2–17 years who underwent a surgical procedure in one of six specialties. Obesity was the primary patient variable of interest. Outcomes of interest were postoperative complications and operative times. Odds ratios for development of postoperative complications were calculated using stepwise multivariate regression analysis. Obesity was associated with a significantly greater risk of wound complications (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.13–1.36), but decreased risk of non-wound complications (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.63–0.73) and morbidity (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.75–0.84). Obesity was not a significant factor in predicting postoperative complications in patients undergoing otolaryngology or plastic surgery procedures. Anesthesia times and operative times were significantly longer for obese patients undergoing most types of pediatric surgical procedures. Obesity confers an increased risk of wound complications in some pediatric surgical specialties and is associated with overall decreased non-wound complications and morbidity. These findings suggest that the relationship between obesity and postoperative complications is complex and may be more dependent on underlying procedure- or specialty-related factors than previously suspected.
Treatment Issues in Schizophrenia

Management of relationship factors, the dynamic enhancement of ego coping, and the reorientation to process factors in family work are discussed
Family TXT: Feasibility and Acceptability of a mHealth Obesity Prevention Program for Parents of Pre-Adolescent African American Girls.

Obesity prevalence is greater in African American girls than their non-Hispanic white peers. Obesity prevention programs are needed to help parents create an obesity-preventive home environment. This paper reports the feasibility and acceptability of a mHealth child obesity prevention program consisting of self-determination theory-grounded text messages promoting a healthy home food and activity environment to parents of 8–10-year-old African American girls. A one-group design with baseline and immediate post-intervention assessments was utilized. Mothers (n = 19) received 36 text messages over 12 weeks. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed through staff logs and post-intervention surveys and an interview. Feasibility and acceptability criteria were met. Mothers reported positive reactions to the intervention; they liked the program, used the information, and all but one gave it an A or B grade. The majority made changes and shared the text messages with others. This research provides evidence that a theoretically grounded mHealth child obesity prevention intervention is feasible and acceptable to parents of African American girls.
HEPATIC MICROSOMAL AND SOLUBILIZED MIXED-FUNCTION OXIDASE SYSTEMS FROM THE LITTLE SKATE, Raja erinacea, A MARINE ELASMOBRANCH

ABSTRACT Pretreatment of little skates with 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC), or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) caused significant increases in hepatic microsomal benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase activity with no concomitant increase in cytochrome P-450 content or apparent formation of cytochrome P-448. The hepatic microsomal mixed-function oxidase (MFO) system of little skates was solubilized and separated into its component parts. Cytochrome P-450, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, and lipid fractions were required for reconstitution of 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activity. Skate hepatic cytochrome P-450 was purified 12-fold from microsomes by solubilization with sodium cholate and chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and then hydroxylapatite. NADPH-cytochrome c reductase was purified to a specific activity of about 500 units (nmoles cytochrome c reduced/min) per mg protein.
The epigenetic basis for centromere identity

The centromere serves as the control locus for chromosome segregation at mitosis and meiosis. In most eukaryotes, including mammals, the location of the centromere is epigenetically defined. The contribution of both genetic and epigenetic determinants to centromere function is the subject of current investigation in diverse eukaryotes. Here we highlight key findings from several organisms that have shaped the current view of centromeres, with special attention to experiments that have elucidated the epigenetic nature of their specification. Recent insights into the histone H3 variant, CENP-A, which assembles into centromeric nucleosomes that serve as the epigenetic mark to perpetuate centromere identity, have added important mechanistic understanding of how centromere identity is initially established and subsequently maintained in every cell cycle.
Development and Fabrication of NIF-Scale Resorcinol Formaldehyde Foam Shells for ICF Experiments

AbstractPossible designs for future direct- and indirect-drive targets required for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) include resorcinol formaldehyde (R/F) foam shells. Depending on the experiment type, the shell dimensional specifications can range from 1.5- to 3.5-mm diameter with a 100- to 200-μm wall. This paper will discuss the adjustments and modifications of the process developed for smaller-diameter (˜900-μm) OMEGA-scale R/F shells that were used to fabricate these higher-aspect-ratio NIF-scale shells.
Effects of Plant Maturity and Growth Media Bacterial Inoculum Level on the Surface Contamination and Internalization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Growing Spinach Leaves

The incidence of foodborne outbreaks linked to fresh produce has increased in the United States. Particularly noteworthy was the 2006 Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreak associated with prepackaged baby spinach. This study aimed to determine whether E. coli O157:H7 would be present in the aerial leaf tissue of a growing spinach plant when introduced at various plant maturities and different inoculum levels in a greenhouse setting. Spinach seeds of a commercial variety were sown in 8-in. (20.32-cm) pots. After seed germination, two levels (10(3) and 10(7) CFU/ml) of an E. coli O157:H7 green fluorescent protein-expressing strain were introduced into the plant growth media weekly for a total of five times. Inoculated spinach plants were examined weekly for the presence of E. coli O157:H7 on leaves and in surrounding growth media. Among 120 spinach plant samples examined for internal leaf contamination, only one yielded a positive result. Surface leaf contamination occurred occasionally and clustered between 3 and 5 weeks of age, but not among leaves younger than 3 weeks of age. On the other hand, when inoculated at the 10(7) CFU/ml level, the E. coli O157:H7 green fluorescent protein strain survived the entire cultivation period, although with gradually reduced levels. The experiments demonstrated that internalization of E. coli O157:H7 of growing spinach plant leaves under greenhouse conditions was a rare event, but surface contamination did occur, primarily when the plants reached 3 weeks of age. The study provided important data to further assess the association between spinach age and potential contamination of E. coli O157:H7.