cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Co-targeting TGF-β and PD-L1 with radiation therapy: The Goldilocks principle.

In the current issue of Cancer Cell, Lan et al.1 demonstrate that a bifunctional fusion protein targeting TGF-β and PD-L1 can synergize with radiation therapy to simultaneously augment tumor control and reduce normal tissue toxicity.
Multi-faceted enhancement of full-thickness skin wound healing by treatment with autologous micro skin tissue columns

Impaired wound healing is an immense medical challenge, and while autologous skin grafting remains the "gold-standard" therapeutic option for repairing wounds that cannot be closed by primary or secondary intention, it is limited by substantial donor site morbidity. We previously developed the alternative approach of harvesting full-thickness skin tissue in the form of "micro skin tissue columns" (MSTCs), without causing scarring or any other long-term morbidity. In this study we investigated how MSTC treatment affects the different cellular processes involved in wound healing. We found that MSTC-derived cells were able to remodel and repopulate the wound volume, and positively impact multiple aspects of the wound healing process, including accelerating re-epithelialization by providing multiple cell sources throughout the wound area, increasing collagen deposition, enhancing dermal remodeling, and attenuating the inflammatory response. These effects combined to enhance both epidermal and dermal wound healing. This MSTC treatment approach was designed for practical clinical use, could convey many benefits of autologous skin grafting, and avoids the major drawback of donor site morbidity.
Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of acupuncture for angina in an underserved diverse population.

PURPOSE Stable angina is ischemic chest pain on exertion or with emotional stress. Despite guideline-directed therapy, up to 30% of patients have suboptimal pain relief. The aims of this study were to: (1) determine the feasibility and acceptability of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of acupuncture; and (2) evaluate preliminary efficacy of acupuncture with respect to reduction of pain and increased functional status and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). METHODS Participants with stable angina for ⩾1 month received either a standardized acupuncture protocol, twice per week for 5 weeks, or an attention control protocol. Measures included the McGill Pain Questionnaire (average pain intensity (API), pain now) and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire-7 (functional status, symptoms, and HRQoL). Feasibility was defined as ⩾80% recruitment, ⩾75% retention following enrollment, and ⩾80% completion. Descriptive statistics and mixed-effects linear regression were used for analysis. RESULTS The sample (n = 24) had a mean age of 59 ± 12 years, was predominantly female (63%), and represented minority groups (8% White, 52% Black, 33% Hispanic, and 8% Other). Feasibility was supported by 79% retention and 89% completion rates. The recruitment rate (68%) was slightly lower than expected. Acceptability scores were 87.9% for the acupuncture group and 51.7% for the control group. Outcomes were significantly better for the acupuncture versus control groups (API, b = -2.1 (1.1), p = 0.047; functional status, b = 27.6 (7.2), p < 0.001; and HRQoL, b = 38.8 (11.9), p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Acupuncture was feasible and acceptable in our diverse sample. We were slightly under the recruitment target of 80%, but participants who started the study had a high likelihood of completing it. Acupuncture shows promise for stable angina, but its effectiveness needs to be confirmed by a larger, adequately powered RCT. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02914834 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
A topology for computer networks with good survivability characteristics and low transmission delays between node computers

Various network topologies are developed which have not appeared in the literature before which result in minimum diameter graphs for computer networks having connectivity four. The topologies presented have good survivability characteristics and result in more topologies being available for computer network designers which achieve the minimum diameter resulting in small transmission delays.
Filtering for quality

Filtering for quality is an automated, extensible enhancement to the Defect Prevention Process that incorporates reverse engineering technologies. Software organizations attempting to achieve maturity in their software development process need technologies that enable a process of continuous improvement.This paper describes enhancements to the Defect Prevention Process that facilitate the ability of the Causal Analysis Action Team to build the means to identify and remove defects in a software product, and to prevent their recurrence. This "defect filtering" process and its deployment in existing IBM products is described. Details of related technology and previous experiences are presented.
Regulation of HSH2 adaptor protein turnover via a novel NF-κB-dependent mechanism is involved in determining the nature of the class switched antibody response (IRM8P.715)

The Hematopoietic Src Homology 2 (HSH2) adaptor protein is differentially expressed in mature, peripheral B cell subpopulations; exhibiting high-level expression in B1 and marginal zone B cells versus low-level expression in germinal center B cells, independent of gene transcription. HSH2 plays an important role in regulating the production of class switched antibodies through its effect on B cell class switching and terminal differentiation. Mouse models revealed that over expression of HSH2 in the B cell lineage attenuates the class switched antibody response, whereas reduced expression accelerates the class switched response. Thus, it is of significant interest to delineate the molecular mechanisms by which expression of HSH2 is controlled. Upregulation of HSH2 expression in response to TNF receptor family and TLR agonists occurs in an NF-κB-dependent manner, yet does not involve increased transcription of the HSH2 locus based on analysis of HSH2 mRNA levels. Additionally, maintenance of HSH2 expression is dependent on NF-κB signaling. Inhibition of NF-κB results in the rapid down regulation of HSH2 with a half-life of 1 hour, which is in contrast to the results obtained following treatment with cycloheximide or actinomycin D demonstrating that mRNA for HSH2 is stable and the protein itself has a half-life greater than 12 hours. These data support the conclusion that HSH2 protein stability is regulated post-transcriptionally via a novel NF-κB-dependent mechanism.
A Register File with 8.4GHz Throughput for Efficient Instruction Scheduling in a Pentium~ 4 Processor

This paper describes a unique register file (RF) for ping-pong operation in 65nm CMOS process. The merged ping-pong reduces array width by 50%, doubles the frequency of access, and allows for same phase read and write. Implementation as a dependency matrix allows for all read wordlines to be asserted at once. A bypass scheme merged with the bitline contributes to a 27% leakage saving
Toward a Real and Remote Wireless Sensor Network Testbed

A real outdoor wireless sensor network (WSN) testbed will face challenges not seen in indoor environment, including remote OAP (over-the-air-programming) and efficient energy use. In this paper, we propose to build a real remote WSN testbed that allows reprogramming of the whole network over-the-air with reasonable energy cost. Our system provides a user-friendly web interface to allow developers upload their application codes and test their algorithms or protocols. In order to support repeated reprogramming requests, we present a novel protocol named VMOAP(Versatile Multi-hop Over-the-Air Programming). Unlike traditional OAP protocols, VMOAP provides an arbitrary way to support the testing of low level protocols(such as routing protocols), while maintaining system's fundamental capability to accept future OAP reprogramming requests. VMOAP is implemented in a MICAz-motes-based sensor network. We test our approach in a small real network, and in Tossim simulator with a larger network size. We also perform simulations to evaluate our system's energy cost using our Micaz energy model. The results indicate that our system is suitable for large WSNs, and can be fully supported by one Silicon 16530 solar panel (small), and can also survive up to 113 hours at standby state powered solely by two AA batteries.
Federal Court Authority to Regulate Lawyers: A Practice in Search of a Theory

This article considers the extent to which federal courts have independent power, in the absence of an explicit grant of authority, to regulate private lawyers and federal prosecutors. Lower federal courts have long exercised power to sanction professional misconduct, but the Supreme Court has never made the source of this authority clear. Most federal districts have adopted local professional rules. Unless these standards can be justified as exercises of procedural or evidentiary rulemaking power delegated by Congress, their validity depends on the existence of independent federal court authority. Moreover, federal courts have imposed professional obligations on lawyers through judicial opinions. The resulting standards again can be justified, if at all, only by reference to independent judicial authority to regulate lawyers. The issues are especially significant with respect to regulation of federal prosecutors. Arguably, the standards of conduct for federal prosecutors should differ from standards governing private attorneys and state prosecutors. Who should impose those standards also is a complex issue. Federal courts prefer to consider these questions in evaluating specific allegations of prosecutorial misconduct in litigation, which leads to their setting standards in judicial opinions rather than rules. Whether they may follow this approach depends on the nature of their independent authority over lawyer regulation. The Article illustrates the potential sources of federal court authority, their uncertain reach, and questions that remain to be resolved for judicial regulation of federal lawyers. The analysis calls into question a host of recent judicial and academic assumptions about federal judicial regulatory power.
Interference between inactivated and active influenza viruses in the chick embryo. II. Interference by incomplete forms of influenza virus.

Abstract A comparison was made of the interfering capacities of several types of ultraviolet-irradiated incomplete and of standard influenza virus preparations on the basis of similar hemagglutinating activities. Serial decimal dilutions of challenge virus were employed, and the results were evaluated in terms of yields of infectious progeny. Incomplete virus derived from chick embryos by undiluted passage series or injection of partially heat-inactivated standard seed (37° for several days) interfered to about the same extents as complete virus, as long as the amount of internal S antigen did not fall below a certain minimum. Virus components with smaller concentrations of internal S, as obtained from allantoic membranes in a third undiluted passage, revealed a definite, but not complete loss of interfering activity. The S-free HA components separated from standard virus after exposure to ether failed to induced interference, as did the incomplete virus particles derived from infected HeLa cultures. No evidence has been found to indicate that the latter incorporate S antigen, although it is produced in the cells. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that S antigen, or its RNA (ribonucleic acid) part, constitutes the actual agent responsible for inducing interference. However, S antigen per se could not be shown to interfere. This does not necessarily deny its role in interference, since its entry into the cells under the experimental conditions has not been established. The fact that the two S-free HA preparations, which possessed full receptor-destroying-enzyme activity, failed to cause interference, reaffirms previous conclusions that the phenomenon is not referable to the receptor mechanism.
Lactoperoxidase. V. Identification and isolation of lactoperoxidase from salivary gland.

Abstract Bovine tissues were analyzed for the presence of lactoperoxidase by immunodiffusion analysis. A protein antigenically identical to lactoperoxidase was shown to be present in the sublingual, submaxillary, and parotid glands. An antigenically related but not identical protein was present in pig salivary glands. As the enzyme could not be detected in any of the other tissues employed, it could be concluded that if present, it represented less than 0.04% of the extracted protein. Most notable among the tissues which did not contain the enzyme, are the thyroid, uterus, and lymph node. A method is presented for the isolation of lactoperoxidase from the submaxillary gland. The enzyme is a major protein of this tissue, comprising between 1 and 2% of the wet weight of the tissue. The relationship of lactoperoxidase to peroxidase activity reported in other studies of the salivary gland is discussed. It is clear that the “salivary peroxidase” and “iodide peroxidase” can be attributed to lactoperoxidase.
Playing Chaos into Coherence: Educating the Postmodern Art Therapist

Drawing from a dialogue between an advisor and a thesis student in a process of fluidly deconstructing and reconstructing her research, this paper identifies a postmodern worldview among artists an...
Analysis of Hanford-Related Organics Using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI/TOF-MS) was used for the analysis of low-molecular phosphate compounds found in Hanford tank wastes. The mass spectra of these compounds indicate protonated peaks as well as sodium adducts. Analytical methods presently utilized for the analysis of the phosphate-related organics are both time consuming and labor intensive. A promising alternative is MALDI/TOFMS. The MALDI process produces both positive and negative ions directly and very little sample is required. In addition, there is limited sample preparation and minimal hazardous waste production.
Biomechanics of Internal Fixation System

Many of the surgical procedures concerning the lumbar spine involve dissection of soft tissues and often removal of impinging structures.’ Such procedures may involve removal of bony architecture to allow for satisfactory decompression of the neural elements. It is often necessary to surgically fuse lumbar segments to allow for stability. Internal fixation with instrumentation often accompanies surgical fusion to augment spinal stability and enhance postoperative mobilization of the patient. However, the use of spinal fixation devices is considered somewhat controversial.2-6 The rationale for spinal fusion procedures as treatment for low back pain originates from the idea that painful symptoms caused by a degenerated or unstable spinal motion segment can be relieved.7-‘7 On the other hand, some investigators believe that spinal fusion procedures should not be encouraged because the adverse iatrogenic effects outweigh the positive results. For example, a number of investigators have noted an increase in spinal stenosis/spondylolysis, both above and below the fusion level, which they believed was caused by excessive stress on the adjacent intervertebral discs.‘6J-21 Because of these controversies, biomechanical evaluations of the various surgical procedures and various fixation systems are needed to afford a basic understanding of the issues associated with the use of internal fixation devices. A briefdescription of the biomechanical studies reported in the literature follows. An extensive bibliography is also provided for further in-depth study. three aspects: anatomical and biomechanical considerations for component design of the system,22-25 overall stability imparted to an “injured” specimen by the use of a particular instrumentation, and characterization of load-displacement behavior specifically across the stabilized segments. The results of studies concerning the overall stability characteristics of a device have shown that most of the devices currently in use are effective in restoring the stability to the injured specimens in flexion/extension, although the degree of effectiveness varies among different devices.26-29 However, these studies do not provide insights into the load-displacement behavior of the injured/stabilized levels and adjacent levels. The quantification of these parameters requires the testing of multilevel spine segments. The methodology used for preparing and testing whole lumbar spine specimens and the results obtained by the investigators are very briefly described in the following paragraphs.‘s30-33
Heart transplantation in children and young adults: Early and intermediate-term results

The purpose of this article is to report our short- and intermediate-term follow-up of cardiac transplantation for congenital heart disease and cardiomyopathy in children (age greater than 6 months), adolescents, and young adults. Thirty patients (ages 8 months to 24 years) with end-stage heart failure have undergone cardiac transplantation in our program: 12 (40%) for postoperative end-stage heart failure, 9 (30%) as primary treatment for congenital heart disease, 5 (17%) for dilated cardiomyopathy, and 4 (13%) for restrictive/hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Nineteen patients (63%) had undergone prior operations; 4 patients received transplants for failed Fontan procedures. Induction therapy with antithymocyte therapy was used routinely, and long-term immunosuppression was by cyclosporine and azathioprine alone. Rejection surveillance/diagnosis was based on echocardiographic criteria. Posttransplantation follow-up ranges from 3 to 78 months. Operative mortality was 3.3% (1/30). No patients have been diagnosed with either accelerated allograft atherosclerosis or posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease. We conclude that cardiac transplantation may be performed with excellent early and intermediate-term results.
Quantification and probabilistic modeling of CRT obsolescence for the State of Delaware

The cessation of production and replacement of cathode ray tube (CRT) displays with flat screen displays have resulted in the proliferation of CRTs in the electronic waste (e-waste) recycle stream. However, due to the nature of the technology and presence of hazardous components such as lead, CRTs are the most challenging of electronic components to recycle. In the State of Delaware it is due to this challenge and the resulting expense combined with the large quantities of CRTs in the recycle stream that electronic recyclers now charge to accept Delaware’s e-waste. Therefore it is imperative that the Delaware Solid Waste Authority (DSWA) understand future quantities of CRTs entering the waste stream. This study presents the results of an assessment of CRT obsolescence in the State of Delaware. A prediction model was created utilizing publicized sales data, a variety of lifespan data as well as historic Delaware CRT collection rates. Both a deterministic and a probabilistic approach using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) were performed to forecast rates of CRT obsolescence to be anticipated in the State of Delaware. Results indicate that the peak of CRT obsolescence in Delaware has already passed, although CRTs are anticipated to enter the waste stream likely until 2033.
Study of localization in Anderson's model for random lattices

Various approaches to the problem of localization within Anderson's model for random lattices are examined. A new approximate criterion based on the Economou-Cohen $L(E)$ approximation is developed. Results are presented and compared for several real lattices and for various probability distributions of the site energies. The new criterion is shown to be remarkably successful.
Measles susceptibility and immunization: experiences in a forensic psychiatric hospital.

Abstract Background: In response to a measles outbreak in the community, a measles immunization program was developed at our hospital for forensic psychiatric patients. Methods: Measles antibody screening of all employees and patients by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was followed by vaccination of susceptible persons. Results: Serum samples from 813 employees and 868 patients during a 6-month period were analyzed. The susceptibility rate was 16.15% for employees and 13.60% for patients born in or after 1957. It was 4.67% for employees and 5.40% for patients born before 1957. The overall rate was 7.38%. for employees and 8.53% for patients. A rate of 5% is known to be sufficient for transmission in institutions. Vaccine was given to 84.51% of susceptible patients. Vaccine failure occurred in 8.33%. Residual susceptibility rate was 1.84%. Conclusions: Cost analysis showed that screening of all individuals and immunization of susceptible persons was the most cost-effective method for measles control in our institutional setting.
Hispanic/White Differences in Dietary Fat Intake Among Low Educated Adults and Children

Background. This comparative study tests for ethnic differences in dietary fat consumption in a community-based sample of Hispanic and white adults with low educational attainment (<12 years of schooling) and a separate sample of their children. Methods. Data are presented for adults (age 20-64, n=886) and youths (age 12-19, n=170) from four California cities who participated in one of four sequential cross-sectional surveys (1981-1990). Results. After adjustment for age, sex, city of residence, and time of survey, white adults were significantly (P < 0.03) more likely than Hispanic adults to have eaten high-fat foods in the last 24 hr, such as red meat (75.7% vs 68.4%), cured meats, (39.1% vs 25.8%), and cheese (41.4% vs 32.7%). Furthermore, white adults consumed significantly (P < 0.001) more fat, as measured by percentage of calories from total fat (37.7% vs 33.3%) and saturated fat (13.7% vs 11.8%), and consumed significantly less dietary carbohydrate (45.5% vs 49.7%) and fiber (17.1 g vs 26.0 g) than Hispanic adults. Ethnic differences were similar for the youth sample (except for carbohydrates), but were generally not significant. A graded relationship was found between acculturation and dietary measures, where more acculturated Hispanics (English-speaking) were intermediate between less acculturated Hispanics (Spanish-speaking) and whites in their dietary intake. Conclusions. This study illustrates the high dietary fat consumption of whites with low educational attainment, the increasing fat consumption of Hispanics at higher levels of acculturation, and the need for effective dietary interventions for low educated whites and Hispanics.
Effects of fluid resistance in the mine waste dam-break problem

A characteristic common to most mine tailings dam failures is that the mine tailings tend to liquefy and flow over substantial distances, with the potential for extensive damage to property and life. In order to be able to assess the potential for damage in case of such a failure, it is necessary to be able to predict the characteristics of the flow and the possible extent of flood movement. A procedure that has some potential for such flow analyses is described in this paper. When fluid resistanceis neglected, the solution of the simple dam-break problem is readily found using the shallow water theory. However, near the head of the mine waste dam-break flood wave the laminar resistance resistance effects are appreciable. In this paper the retardation of the wave-front behind the position predicted by the inviscid shallow water theory is found.
Conversion of interleukin-13 into a high affinity agonist by a single amino acid substitution.

We created a novel mutated form of human interleukin-13 (IL-13) in which a positively charged arginine (R) at position 112 was substituted to a negatively charged aspartic acid (D). This mutant, termed IL-13R112D, was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to near homogeneity. IL-13R112D was found to be a potent IL-13 agonist with 5–10-fold improved binding affinity to IL-13 receptors compared with wild-type IL-13 (wtIL-13). The conclusion of IL-13 agonist activity was drawn on the basis of approximately 10-fold improved activity over wtIL-13 in several assays: (a) inhibition of CD14 expression in primary monocytes; (b) proliferation of TF-1 and B9 cell lines; and (c) activation of STAT6 in Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B cells, primary monocytes, and THP-1 monocytic cell line. Furthermore, mutant IL-13R112D neutralized the cytotoxic activity of a chimeric fusion protein composed of wtIL-13 and a Pseudomonasexotoxin A (IL-13-PE38) approximately 10 times better than wtIL-13. Based on these results, it was concluded that IL-13R112D interacts with much stronger affinity than wtIL-13 on all cell types tested and that Arg-112 plays an important role in the interaction with its receptors (IL-13R). Thus, these results suggest that IL-13R112D may be a useful ligand for the study of IL-13 interaction with its receptors or, alternatively, in designing specific targeted agents for IL-13R-positive malignancies.
Preservice Teachers' Coping Styles and Their Responses to Bullying.

The literature suggests that teacher responses to bullying are a function of the type of aggression (overt vs. relational), the gender of the children involved, and characteristics of the teacher. We extended the literature by examining teachers' dispositional coping styles as a predictor of their responses to bullying. Preservice teachers (N = 97) completed a measure of coping styles and then responded to eight vignettes showing overt or relational aggression occurring among boys or girls. Overt aggression was viewed as a bigger problem than relational aggression, and teacher interventions were deemed more necessary for overt than relational aggression. Preservice teachers who typically use more active coping, less denial coping, and less self-blame responded more actively to bullying, especially in response to relational aggression among boys. These findings point to the need to consider teacher coping styles when working with them to intervene effectively in responding to bullying. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Conditional Overexpression of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Enhances Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Restores Immature Neuron Dendritic Processes After Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with neuronal damage or death in the hippocampus, a region critical for cognitive function. Immature neurons within the hippocampal neurogenic niche are particularly susceptible to TBI. Therapeutic strategies that protect immature hippocampal neurons or enhance post-traumatic neurogenesis may be advantageous for promoting functional recovery after TBI. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) promotes neurogenesis in the adult brain, but its effects on neurogenesis after TBI are unknown. We used an astrocyte-specific conditional IGF-1-overexpressing mouse model to supplement IGF-1 in regions of neuronal damage and reactive astrocytosis following controlled cortical impact injury. Although early loss of immature neurons was not significantly attenuated, overexpression of IGF-1 resulted in a marked increase in immature neuron density in the subgranular zone at 10 days post-injury. This delayed increase appeared to be driven by enhanced neuron differentiation rather than increased cellular proliferation. In wild type mice, dendrites of immature neurons exhibited significant decreases in total length and numbers of bifurcations at 10 days post-injury vs. neurons in sham-injured mice. In contrast, the morphology of immature neuron dendrites in brain-injured IGF-1-overexpressing mice was equivalent to that in sham controls. These data provide compelling evidence that IGF-1 promotes neurogenesis following TBI.
Nonpremixed reaction in homogeneous turbulence: Direct numerical simulations

La simulation permet de determiner les profils de concentration et les schemas d'ecoulement dans un reacteur piston ou a lieu une reaction irreversible
In situ MeV ion beam analysis of ceramic surfaces modified by 100–400 keV ion irradiation

Abstract This paper describes the use of an in situ ion beam analysis facility developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory for the study of irradiation effects in ceramic materials. In this facility, an analytical beamline of 3 MV tandem accelerator and an irradiation beamline of 200 kV ion implanter are connected at 60° to a common target chamber. This facility provides a fast, efficient, and quantitative measurement tool to monitor changes of composition and crystallinity of materials irradiated by 100–400 keV ions through sequential measurement of backscattering events of MeV ions combined with ion channeling techniques. We will describe the details of the in situ ion beam analysis and ion irradiation and discuss some of the important issues and their solutions associated with the in situ experiment. These issues include (1) the selection of an axial ion channeling direction for the measurement of radiation damage; (2) sample surface charging and charge collection for data acquisition; (3) surface sputtering during ion irradiation; (4) the effects of MeV analytical beam on the materials; and (5) the sample heating effect on ion beam analysis.
Symbolic timing verification of timing diagrams using Presburger formulas

We present a novel set of tools for performing symbolic timing verificationof timing diagrams. The tools are multi-purpose with usesin verification, derivation of synthesis constraints, and design evaluation.Our methodology is based on using techniques for manipulatingPresburger formulas. We demonstrate using several interestingexamples that the method is efficient in practice and should beconsidered for inclusion in commercial tools.
Abstract SY27-04: Engineering improved cancer vaccines.

Proceedings: AACR 104th Annual Meeting 2013; Apr 6-10, 2013; Washington, DC Efficacious cancer immunotherapies will likely require combinations of strategies that enhance tumor antigen presentation and antagonize negative immune regulatory circuits. We demonstrated that vaccination with irradiated, autologous melanoma cells engineered to secrete GM-CSF followed by antibody blockade of CTLA-4 accomplishes clinically significant tumor destruction with minimal toxicity in a majority of stage IV metastatic melanoma and some advanced ovarian carcinoma patients. The extent of tumor necrosis in post-treatment biopsies was linearly related to the natural logarithm of the ratio of infiltrating CD8+ effector T cells to FoxP3+ Tregs, suggesting that further Treg inhibition might increase the frequency of clinical responses. Through an analysis of cytokine deficient mice, we delineated a critical role for GM-CSF in Treg homeostasis. GM-CSF is required for the expression of the phosphatidylserine binding protein MFG-E8 in antigen presenting cells, whereas the uptake of apoptotic cells by phagocyte-derived MFG-E8 maintains peripheral Treg activity. The pharmacologic inhibition of MFG-E8 function through genetic or engineering-based approaches blocks Treg induction, which intensifies vaccine-induced responses, leading to the regression of established tumors in mice. The clinical translation of these therapeutic strategies to Phase I testing in humans is underway. The detailed analysis of patients achieving sustained clinical benefits from irradiated, autologous GM-CSF secreting tumor cell vaccines and CTLA-4 antibody blockade also affords a rich opportunity to identify antigens associated with immune-mediated tumor destruction and to delineate mechanisms of therapeutic immunity. We elucidated several of the molecular pathways that underlie these anti-tumor effects, including the NKG2D system and multiple secreted/or cell surface proteins that contribute to tumor promoting inflammation. The therapy-induced antibodies manifest functional activity in vitro, antagonizing tumor cell survival, invasive potential, and angiogenesis. These findings support a key role for humoral immunity in tumor destruction, and highlight interest in more detailed characterization of the anti-tumor B cell repertoire in vaccinated patients. Citation Format: Glenn Dranoff. Engineering improved cancer vaccines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr SY27-04. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-SY27-04
Simplified procedure for the preparation of metal diselenolenes

Preparation de bis [bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,2 ethylenediselenolato]-Ni(II) en partant de l'heterocycle bis(trifluoromethyl)-diselenole-1,3 selone-2
A novel method to fabricate high permeance, high selectivity thin-film composite membranes

Abstract We report a thin-film composite (TFC) membrane fabrication method based on transfer of a pre-formed, cured active layer onto a microporous support. The active layer is cast on a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) water-soluble film and cured, then the active side of the bilayer is placed against the skin side of the microporous support and the water soluble layer is dissolved. This method can be used with supports of relatively high pore size and porosity, thus reducing mass transfer resistance from the support. Ethanol-selective pervaporation from aqueous solution was chosen for the evaluation of the TFC membranes. In comparing results with a 10 μm polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) active layer on two supports, a TFC made with a high porosity support showed 47% higher total permeance than that of a TFC made with a low porosity support. While the TFC with the low porosity support showed a selectivity (ratio of ethanol permeance to water permeance, mole basis) of 0.66, the selectivity of the TFC with the high porosity support was 0.76, approaching the selectivity of a thick, unsupported PDMS membrane. ZSM-5/PDMS mixed matrix active layer TFCs were also prepared, and showed significantly enhanced performance compared to unfilled PDMS TFCs. A method for commercial fabrication is proposed.
A ridge-type estimator and good prior means

Swindel (1976) introduced a modified ridge regression estimator based on prior information. A necessary and sufficient condition is derived for Swindel's proposed estimator to have lower risk than the conventional ordinary ridge regression estimator when both estimators are computed using the same value of k.
044 Adenoviral Gene Transfer of IL‐10 Differentially Regulates Hyaluronic Acid Synthase 1: Implications for Scarless Wound Healing

Introduction. We have demonstrated that wounds treated with adenoviral overexpression of Il-10 (AdIl-10) heal scarlessly, resembling fetal wound healing. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is elevated in fetal wounds. We hypothesized that IL-10 creates a permissive environment for scarless healing through the differential mediation of hyaluronic acid synthases (Has1–3). Methods. Adult C57 mice (n = 24) were pretreated with 5 × 108 PFU AdIL-10, AdLacz, or PBS. 48 hrs post-injection, 2-cm incisional wounds were created at the site of injection. Wounds harvested at 1, 3, and 5 days were analyzed for mRNA transcript levels of Has 1–3 and GAPDH via RT-PCR and band densitometry. Data expressed as signal intensity ratio relative to GAPDH ± SEM. Results. The three Has transcripts were expressed after pre-treatment and wounding at day 1, 3, and 5. At day 1, there is no significant difference in Has mRNA levels. At Day 3, Has1 transcript levels are significantly decreased in AdIl-10 treated wounds vs. controls. (Il-10 0.28 ± 0.04; LacZ 0.53 ± 0.06; PBS 0.43 ± 0.43, p < 0.005) At Day 5, there was a significant increase in Has1 transcript levels in AdIl-10 treated wounds compared to controls. (Il-10 0.82 ± 0.08; LacZ 0.41 ± 0.06; PBS 0.57 ± 0.03, p < 0.005) At Day 3 and 5, there was no significant difference in Has2 and Has3 levels in AdIl-10 treated wounds vs. controls. Conclusions. Adenoviral mediated overexpression of Il-10 results in the differential expression of Has1 at day 3 and 5. Has1 encodes for high molecular weight HA, which is associated with inhibition of angiogenesis and leukocyte infiltrates as observed in the HA-rich environment of fetal wounds. The effects of AdIl-10 may in part be due to the differential expression of Has1 creating a permissive environment for fetal-like scarless wound repair.
Dielectronic-recombination-rate coefficients for neonlike ions.

This paper presents for the first time an explicit calculation of the partial dielectronic-recombination-rate coefficients via the 3l3l' manifold for 17 neonlike ions ranging from argon to tungsten, using relativistic multiconfiguration wave functions to calculate both the Auger and radiative matrix elements. The effect of electron collisions on the dielectronic-recombination-rate coefficient is also examined at several densities of interest for modeling laboratory plasmas.
Lithographic and oxide-free vertical cavity surface emitting laser

All-epitaxial oxide-free vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are demonstrated. 4-µm-diameter VCSEL is shown with threshold current of 350 µA, slope efficiency of 0.77 W/A, wall-plug efficiency of 21% and output power of 6.3 mW.
The control of fatty acid composition in glycerolipids of the endoplasmic reticulum

Abstract A functional relationship between constitutive enzymes of the endoplasmic reticulum that are involved in lipid metabolism and the proteins and phosphoglycerides constituting these membranes was examined by altering the protein and fatty acid composition. The specific activity of alkenyl glycerylphosphoryl choline hydrolyase did not change upon fasting, fasting, and refeeding or administration of phenobarbital, whereas the specific activities of both acyl-CoA hydrolyase and acyl-CoA:1-acyl glycerylphosphoryl choline acyltransferase(s) increased upon alteration of the nutritional state. Other enzymic activities also showed changes following the treatments. The constant specific activity of 1-alkenyl glycerylphosphoryl choline hydrolyase suggests that it is a true constitutive enzyme of the endoplasmic reticulum and a useful indicator of membrane biogenesis. Alteration in the fatty acid composition of microsomal phosphoglycerides by maintenance of animals under different dietary conditions, by in situ incorporation of fatty acids into microsomal phosphoglycerides, or by the addition of exogenous, micellar lecithins did not produce adaptive changes in the specificity for esterification of fatty acids to Position 2 of lecithins. Partial removal of microsomal phosphoglycerides by treatment with phospholipases failed to demonstrate a functional requirement for diacyl phosphoglycerides in acyltransferase activity. These considerations indicate that a functional role of phosphoglycerides in acyl-CoA:1-acyl glycerylphosphoryl choline acyltransferase activity is limited to the requirement of phosphoglycerides for the integrity of the membrane.
Eating habits of the dentist and his wife: daily consumption of vitamin E.

: An epidemiologic survey of the dietary habits of 369 dentists and 288 wives indicated that about 50 per cent of them consume suboptimal amounts of vitamin E, according to the conservative estimates of the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council. By means of simple health education measures, it seems possible to increase significantly the consumption of vitamin E and, in association, to reduce reported cardiovascular findings.
Application of semi-active control strategies for seismic protection of buildings with MR dampers

Magnetorheological (MR) dampers are semi-active devices that can be used to control the response of civil structures during seismic loads. They are capable of offering the adaptability of active devices and stability and reliability of passive devices. One of the challenges in the application of the MR dampers is to develop an effective control strategy that can fully exploit the capabilities of the MR dampers. This study proposes two semi-active control methods for seismic protection of structures using MR dampers. The first method is the Simple Adaptive Control method which is classified as a direct adaptive control method. By using this method, the controlled system is forced to track the response of the system with desired behavior. The controller developed using this method can deal with the changes that occur in the characteristics of the structure because it can modify its parameters during the control procedure. The second controller is developed using a genetic-based fuzzy control method. In particular, a fuzzy logic controller whose rule base determined by a multi-objective genetic algorithm is designed to determine the command voltage of MR dampers. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed methods, the performances of semi-active controllers are compared with some other control algorithms in a numerical example. Results reveal that the developed controllers can effectively control both displacement and acceleration response of the considered structure.
Complex Representations of Finite Monoids II. Highest Weight Categories and Quivers

Abstract In this paper we continue our study of complex representations of finite monoids. We begin by showing that the complex algebra of a finite regular monoid is a quasi-hereditary algebra and we identify the standard and costandard modules. We define the concept of a monoid quiver and compute it in terms of the group characters of the standard and costandard modules. We use our results to determine the blocks of the complex algebra of the full transformation semigroup. We show that there are only two blocks when the degree ≠ 3. We also show that when the degree ≥ 5, the complex algebra of the full transformation semigroup is not of finite representation type, answering negatively a conjecture of Ponizovskii.
Assessment of urgency measure to prevent further damage of concrete components

Abstract In this study, a method based on the fuzzy set concept is employed to assess the urgency measure to prevent further damage of concrete components. Two assessments are considered. One is a constraint; and therefore, the inverse composite fuzzy relation operations are incorporated. A case study is also presented in which three concrete components are assessed for their prevention urgency measures.
Measurements of Laser Self-Pulsation Frequency and Visibility for Optical Data Links

ABSTRACT This paper describes some measurements of self -pulsation frequency and visibility, carried out on commercially available 0.8µm self -pulsating lasers. For a given laser, operating CW, the self -pulsation frequency is shown to depend principally on the optical power and to be relatively independent oflaser temperature and life; the coherence length envelope appears to vary approximately inverselywith the optical power. 2. INTRODUCTION Recent papers, e.g. references 1 and 2, have shown that self -pulsating lasers have the attractivecharacteristic of low intensity noise, in the presence of optical reflections; Poh [3] has described alaser model for predicting the necessary design and operating conditions for self -pulsation and fre-quency chirping. In an earlier paper, Epworth [4] indicates that the technique of frequency chirpingmay be used to reduce modal noise in multimode fiber communications. Combining these results,self -pulsating lasers appear to have attractive properties for robust, multimode fiber data links, wherethey will be insensitive to poor connectors and splices. There follows a description of some measure-
Cardiac arrests in children

The management of cardiac arrests in infants and children is based upon principles common to management of arrests of all age groups. Specific pediatric disease states predispose the patient to arrest. Special adaptions and pharmacologic management are required for pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Effects of post-failure material behaviour on redundancy factor for design of structural components in nondeterministic systems

This paper investigates the effects of post-failure material behaviour on redundancy factor for the design of structural components in nondeterministic systems. The procedure for evaluating the redundancy factors of components of ductile and brittle nondeterministic systems is demonstrated using systems consisting of two to four components. The effects of the number of brittle components in a mixed (ductile–brittle) system and the post-failure behaviour factor on the redundancy factor are also studied using these systems. An efficient approach for simplifying the system model in the redundancy factor analysis of brittle systems with a large number of components is proposed. In order to generate standard tables to facilitate the design process, the redundancy factors and the associated component reliability indices of nondeterministic ductile and brittle systems with large number of components are calculated considering three correlation cases and two probability distribution types. Finally, a bridge examp...
The Use and Abuse of Archaeology for Indigenous Peoples—Auckland, New Zealand, November 8 to 12, 2005

The World Archaeological Congress' 2nd Indigenous Intercongress, The Uses and Abuses of Archaeology for Indigenous Peoples, convened between November 8 and 12, 2005, at the University of Auckland and Waipapa Marae to examine issues relating to and concerned with indigenous peoples and their past. The organization committee included coconvenors Dr. Joe Watkins, Dr. Caroline Phillips, and Dr. Des Kahotea along with Academic Program Chair Stephanie Ford and Conference Administrator Margaret Rika-Heke. The first Intercongress, on Archaeological Ethics and the Treatment of the Dead, was held in 1989 in Vermillion, South Dakota, and focused on the topics of reburial and repatriation. The Vermillion Accord on the treatment of human remains, an outgrowth of that conference, forms one of the primary ethics documents for the World Archaeological Congress, by which members of the WAC agree to abide in conjunction with the WAC First Code of Ethics.
Reactions of electron-rich organometallic complexes

Abstract Various transition metal complexes of the types C5H5FeL2X, C5H5Mn(CO)L2, and MnL5X (L = isocyanides, phosphines, phosphites; X = halides, Me, SnX3) have been prepared. These complexes were found to undergo either facile one electron oxidations, giving isolable 17e species, or they can lose X−, giving intermediates (not isolated) which react either with other added ligands, or with ligands present from complex degradation.
Perceived Cognitive Dysfunction in Fibromyalgia Syndrome

ObjectivesDyscognition or “fibro-fog” is a top concern of individuals with fibromyalgia syndrome [FMS]; however, it is often overlooked clinically and remains relatively understudied as a symptom. This study sought to explore the multiple types of perceived dyscognition and associate each type with other clinical symptoms common to the presentation of FMS.MethodsSeventy-two individuals with FMS and 24 age-matched healthy controls participated in the study. Multiple types of perceived dyscognition were assessed by the Multiple Abilities Self-Report Questionnaire. Other symptom domains included pain, fatigue, sleep problems, mood, and illness burden. Both correlation and regression modeling were used to identify unique relationships between types of dyscognition and the clinical presentation of FMS.ResultsIndividuals with FMS scored significantly higher on all self-report measures of dyscognition than did healthy controls. In general, perceived dyscognition in FMS was most strongly associated with fatigue a...