cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Does Comorbid Social Anxiety Disorder Impact the Clinical Presentation of Principal Major Depressive Disorder

Background: Although previous research has examined comorbidity in principal Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), few studies have examined the disorders for which those with comorbid SAD seek treatment. Further, studies have shown that depressive disorders often are associated with SAD, but few have examined the clinical characteristics of patients with this particular comorbidity. Method: The current study examined the prevalence of various principal Axis I disorders in 577 individuals diagnosed with comorbid SAD. Results: Consistent with previous research, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) was the most frequent principal diagnosis in patients with comorbid SAD. Those with principal MDD and comorbid SAD (MDD-SAD) were compared to those with MDD without SAD (MDD) on demographic and clinical characteristics. Patients with MDD-SAD versus those with MDD were more severe in terms of social functioning, duration of depressive episode, suicidal ideation, time out of work, presence of current alcohol abuse/dependence, and age of onset of MDD. Social functioning, duration of episode, suicidal ideation, and age of onset of MDD remained significant even after controlling for additional comorbid disorders. Conclusions: Findings suggest the need for future research to determine how treatments could be adapted for this commonly occurring comorbidity.
Investigating Category Pricing Behavior at a Retail Chain

Abstract In studying retailer pricing behavior, researchers typically assume that retailers maximize profits across all brands in a focal product category. In this article, the author attempts to study empirically the extent to which three factors affect retail prices: (1) the effects of payments from manufacturers to the retailer other than regular promotions, as well as the effects of additional costs borne by the retailer for these brands; (2) the retailer’s objectives specific to its store brand, such as maximizing store brand share; and (3) the effects of retail competition and store traffic. By specifying a demand function at the brand-chain level for each brand in the product category, the author derives pricing rules for the retailer. The author decomposes the retail price of a brand into effects due to wholesale price, markup (obtained from the demand functions), additional promotional payments, retail competition, and the retailer’s objectives for the store brand. The author carries out empirica...
Assessment of specificity of oestrogen receptor-DNA interaction by a competitive assay.

ALTHOUGH hormonal regulation of gene expression and the nature of specific interactions between steroid hormone receptor and genome have attracted growing interest1–5, very little is known about the molecular nature of receptor–DNA interaction4–6. As a first step in unravelling the specificity and the dynamics of the interaction between uterine oestrogen receptor and DNA7–11, we have selected a well defined model system: a synthetic DNA and DNA–cellulose competition assay. We have found that the AT-rich segment of the double stranded DNA in its intact conformation is required for optimum receptor binding. We have examined oestrogen receptor binding to synthetic DNA with well defined sequences, and determined whether the receptor favours double-stranded or single-stranded regions of the DNA (unwinding protein generally binds preferentially to single-stranded DNA12). Finally, we have studied the effect of an intercalating drug, actinomycin D, on the receptor binding.
Incidental Treatment of Maxillary Dysesthesia With Maxillary Sinus Lift Procedure—A Case Report

A 54-year-old woman presented with an 8-month history of dysesthesia to the left palate with referred pain to the left infraorbital distribution after extraction of the left maxillary first and second premolars. The clinical and radiologic examination revealed an alveolar crestal bone dehiscence suggestive of an occult oral antral communication (OAC) that had spontaneously healed. Stimulation of the mucosa at this bony dehiscence consistently reproduced the dysesthesia. A sinus lift procedure was performed in this region for implant site development and also resulted in resolution of the dysesthesia. This case represents an instance in which surgical alteration of a trigger zone of neuropathic pain can result in its resolution.
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Regulates Leukocyte-Dependent Breast Cancer Metastasis

A paracrine interaction between epidermal growth factor (EGF)-secreting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1)-secreting breast carcinoma cells promotes invasion and metastasis. Here, we show that mice deficient in the hematopoietic-cell-specific Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) are unable to support TAM-dependent carcinoma cell invasion and metastasis in both orthotopic and transgenic models of mammary tumorigenesis. Motility and invasion defects of tumor cells were recapitulated ex vivo upon coculture with WASp(-/-) macrophages. Mechanistically, WASp is required for macrophages to migrate toward CSF-1-producing carcinoma cells, as well as for the release of EGF through metalloprotease-dependent shedding of EGF from the cell surface of macrophages. Our findings suggest that WASp acts to support both the migration of TAMs and the production of EGF, which in concert promote breast tumor metastasis.
Richard Bentley: Poetry and Enlightenment – By Kristine Louise Haugen

For most Enlightenment scholars, Richard Bentley's [1662–1742] critical reputation hinges on Alexander Pope's and Jonathan Swift's infamous ridicule of his “notorious” textual emendations of Horace...
Some Reformulated Properties of Jacobian Elliptic Functions

Abstract Various properties of Jacobian elliptic functions can be put in a form that remains valid under permutation of the first three of the letters c, d, n, and s that are used in pairs to name the functions. In most cases 12 formulas are thereby replaced by three: one for the three names that end in s, one for the three that begin with s, and one for the six that do not involve s. The properties thus unified in the present paper are linear relations between squared functions (16 relations being replaced by five), differential equations, and indefinite integrals of odd powers of a single function. In the last case the unification entails the elementary function R C ( x , y ) = R F ( x , y , y ) , where R F ( x , y , z ) is the symmetric elliptic integral of the first kind. Explicit expressions in terms of R C are given for integrals of first and third powers, and alternative expressions are given with R C replaced by inverse circular, inverse hyperbolic, or logarithmic functions. Three recurrence relations for integrals of odd powers hold also for integrals of even powers.
Update in diuretic therapy: clinical pharmacology

All diuretics except spironolactone exert their effects from the lumen of the nephron. Thus, to exert an effect, they must reach the urine. Pharmacokinetics (PK) describes this access. Different edematous disorders can affect access to this site of action and therein affect response to a diuretic. In addition, once a diuretic reaches the site of action, a response ensues. The characteristics of this response that can be affected by a patient's clinical condition are described by the pharmacodynamics (PD) of a diuretic. To understand the mechanisms of abnormal response to a diuretic one must dissect its PK and PD in different edematous disorders. For example, in patients with renal insufficiency, the mechanism of poor diuretic response is PK. In contrast, in patients with cirrhosis or in those with congestive heart failure, it is PD. In patients with nephrotic syndrome, both PK and PD are operative. These different mechanisms mandate differences in therapeutic strategy, as explained in this article.
Special session - enhancing student learning using SCALE-UP format

SCALE-UP (Student-Centered Activities for Large Enrollment Undergraduate Programs) is a specialized active learning format that relies largely upon social interaction among students, instructor, and learning assistants. The instructor and learning assistants serve as facilitators of guided inquiry by asking students leading questions as they work through class assignments. On-going, real time formative assessments ensure that the instructor is constantly aware of which students are mastering the material and which are struggling. The SCALE-UP format is currently used at our institution in the General Engineering program (all sections of the first year courses), Math Sciences (all sections of first year calculus, and one section of second year calculus), Civil Engineering (one section of engineering statics), Mechanical Engineering (all sections of engineering statics and dynamics), as well as in courses in Horticulture, Nursing, English, and Computer Science. This special session focuses on strategies for successful implementation of this pedagogical innovation. These include development of student activities, formative assessments, training for instructors and learning assistants, and the physical features of the learning environment.
Mice Lacking Adrenergic Signaling Have Normal Cochlear Responses and Normal Resistance to Acoustic Injury but Enhanced Susceptibility to Middle-Ear Infection

The vasculature and neurons of the inner ear receive adrenergic innervation from the cervical sympathetic chain, and adrenergic receptors may be expressed by cells of the organ of Corti and stria vascularis, despite a lack of direct sympathetic innervation. To assess the functional role of adrenergic signaling in the auditory periphery, we studied mice with targeted deletion of the gene for dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH), which catalyzes the conversion of dopamine to noradrenaline; thus, these mutant mice have no measurable adrenaline or noradrenaline. Dbh (-/-) mice were more susceptible to spontaneous middle-ear infection than their control littermates, consistent with a role for sympathetics in systemic and/or local immune response. At 6-8 weeks of age, cochlear thresholds and suprathreshold responses assessed by auditory brainstem responses and distortion product otoacoustic emissions, as well as light-microscopic morphology, were indistinguishable from controls, if ears with conductive hearing loss were eliminated. Dbh (-/-) mice were no more susceptible to acoustic injury than controls, despite prior reports that sympathectomy reduces noise damage. Dbh (-/-) mice showed enhancement of shock-evoked olivocochlear suppression of cochlear responses, which may arise from the loss of adrenergic inputs to olivocochlear neurons in the brainstem. However, adrenergic modulation of olivocochlear efferents does not mediate the protective effect of contralateral cochlear destruction on ipsilateral response to acoustic overexposure.
L-Type Ca2+ Channels Gaining Respect in Heart Failure

L-type Ca2+ channels are essential for the initiation and regulation of excitation-contraction (EC) coupling in adult cardiac muscle.1 The rapid influx of Ca2+ through these channels triggers release of intracellular Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) stores, and the resulting Ca2+ transient activates the myofilaments and thus contraction. Given that failing ventricular myocytes exhibit impaired contractility and abnormal Ca2+ transients, the L-type Ca2+ channel makes for a good suspect as a contributor to the derangement of EC coupling. However, most initial studies of whole-cell currents through L-type Ca2+ channels ( I Ca) in both human heart failure and animal models did not show a significant difference between nonfailing and failing myocytes.2 In the meantime, important changes in the abundance and/or function of other Ca2+ cycling proteins including the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a), Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX), and ryanodine receptors (RyRs) took the spotlight as the bad actors in heart failure.3 The L-type Ca2+ channel was left behind as a boring, obligatory participant in EC coupling. Times may be changing for the status of the L-type Ca2+ channel in the world of failing hearts. The article by Chen et al,4 in this issue of Circulation Research , unmasks important changes in the density as well as regulation of L-type Ca2+ channels in failing human ventricular myocytes. And, perhaps most encouragingly, the authors show that these changes can be partly reversed in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). This article adds more evidence to recent publications suggesting significant changes in L-type Ca2+ channel abundance and function in heart failure.5,6⇓ To appreciate the story, one needs to step back from the macroscopic or whole-cell currents through L-type Ca2+ channels and …
Effects Of Acquisitions on R&D Inputs and Outputs

Making acquisitions, although a popular strategy, may not always lead to positive firm performance. Researchers have offered several explanations for this relationship. One is that acquisitions lea...
T2-prepared SSFP improves diagnostic confidence in edema imaging in acute myocardial infarction compared to turbo spin echo†

T2-weighted MRI of edema in acute myocardial infarction (MI) provides a means of differentiating acute and chronic MI, and assessing the area at risk of infarction. Conventional T2-weighted imaging of edema uses a turbo spin-echo (TSE) readout with dark-blood preparation. Clinical applications of dark-blood TSE methods can be limited by artifacts such as posterior wall signal loss due to through-plane motion, and bright subendocardial artifacts due to stagnant blood. Single-shot imaging with a T2-prepared SSFP readout provides an alternative to dark-blood TSE and may be conducted during free breathing. We hypothesized that T2-prepared SSFP would be a more reliable method than dark-blood TSE for imaging of edema in patients with MI. In patients with MI (22 acute and nine chronic MI cases), T2-weighted imaging with both methods was performed prior to contrast administration and delayed-enhancement imaging. The T2-weighted images using TSE were nondiagnostic in three of 31 cases, while six additional cases rated as being of diagnostic quality yielded incorrect diagnoses. In all 31 cases the T2-prepared SSFP images were rated as diagnostic quality, correctly differentiated acute or chronic MI, and correctly determined the coronary territory. Free-breathing T2 prepared SSFP provides T2-weighted images of acute MI with fewer artifacts and better diagnostic accuracy than conventional dark-blood TSE.
Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of placenta accreta--impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Purpose To compare maternal and neonatal outcomes of prenatally diagnosed versus undiagnosed cases of placenta accreta. Methods This retrospective study included all pathology-proven placentas accreta/increta/percreta from a single tertiary center from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2012. Outcomes were compared between prenatally diagnosed and undiagnosed cases. Results Thirty-six cases of abnormal implantations were identified, of which 19 (53%) were prenatally diagnosed by ultrasound. Prenatal detection was more likely with a percreta (7/19 versus 2/17, p = .07), parity (18/19 versus 9/17, p = .01), prior cesarean (17/19 versus 4/17, p = .0001), shorter cesarean-conception interval (22.8 ± 21.4 versus 108 ± 7.6 months, p = .01), and spontaneous conception (19/19 versus 12/17, p = .03). Cases diagnosed prenatally more frequently received steroids for fetal maturity (13/20 versus 3/19, p = .003), delivered by cesarean (19/19 versus 11/17, p = .01) under general anesthesia (14/19 versus 4/17, p = .002) with a cell saver (5/19 versus 0/17, p = .06). There were no statistically significant differences by group in maternal blood loss, transfusion, intensive care admission or length of stay, operative injury, or severe composite morbidity (reoperation, coagulopathy, thromboembolism, wound infection, multiorgan failure, transfusion reaction, fistula, or chest compressions). There were no statistically significant differences in 5-minute Apgar <7, neonatal intensive care unit admission or length of stay, or severe composite morbidity. Conclusion Prenatally undiagnosed accretas are less complex than prenatally diagnosed cases, but associated with statistically similar outcomes, suggesting benefit to prenatal recognition. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:449–455, 2014
Uninsured vs. insured population: variations among nonelderly Americans.

Abstract This study identified the underlying demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with insurance status among nonelderly Americans (age 19-64), as well as compared health care utilization between insured and uninsured. Data from the Community Tracking Study 1996-1997 Household Survey were analyzed. Approximately 74 percent of uninsured Americans are nonelderly Americans. Among the nonelderly Americans, about 17 percent are uninsured. Our findings show that insurance status varies significantly by region, age, race, gender, marital status, income, education, employment status, and health status. Also, the insured nonelderly Americans were found to have better access to health care than the uninsured nonelderly.
Toward alternative measures for ranking venues: a case of database research community

Ranking of publication venues is often closely related with important issues such as evaluating the contributions of individual scholars/research groups, or subscription decision making. The development of large-scale digital libraries and the availability of various meta data provide the possibility of building new measures more efficiently and accurately. In this work, we propose two novel measures for ranking the impacts of academic venues an easy-to-implement seed-based measure that does not use citation analysis, and a realistic browsing-based measure that takes an article reader's behavior into account. Both measures are computationally efficient yet mimic the results of the widely accepted Impact Factor. In particular, our proposal exploits the fact that: (1)in most disciplines, there are "top" venues that most people agree on; and (2) articles that appeared in good venues are more likely to be viewed by readers. Our proposed measures are extensively evaluated on a test case of the Database research community using two real bibliography data sets - ACM and DBLP. Finally, ranks of venues by our proposed measures are compared against the Impact Factor using the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and their positive rank order relationship is proved with a statistical significance test.
PRRs are watching you: Localization of innate sensing and signaling regulators

To prevent the spread of infection, an invading pathogen must first be recognized by the innate immune system. Host pattern recognition receptors detect distinct pathogen-associated molecules and induce the transcription and release of interferon and inflammatory molecules to resolve infection. Unlike infections with pathogens that replicate autonomously from the host, viral infections blur the boundaries of self and non-self. Differentiation of host from virus is achieved by restricting localization of host nucleic acids and by placing pattern recognition receptors in specific subcellular compartments. Within this review, we discuss how several families of pattern recognition receptors act to provide a comprehensive surveillance network that has the potential to induce interferon expression in response to any viral infection.
BNP directly immunoregulates the innate immune system of cardiac transplant recipients in vitro

Abstract Background The innate immune system plays an important role in cardiac allograft rejection. BNP has frequently been reported to elevate during acute cardiac rejection, yet the explanation behind this phenomenon is unclear. We hypothesized that BNP might interact with the innate immune system in cardiac transplant recipients and devised a series of in vitro culture experiments to explore this phenomena. Methods PBMCs were isolated from whole blood of (total n = 40) cardiac transplant recipients. Short (24h, n = 20) and long term (72h, n = 20) co-cultures of innate cells in the presence or absence of BNP were performed. BNP was added at two specific concentrations and compared to placebo control. Innate cells were immunophenotyped using flow cytometry. Results BNP dose dependently reduced the total number of monocytes, B cells and NK cells. Furthermore, BNP co-culture impaired NK cell cytotoxicity and adhesion of non-classical monocytes (via down-regulation of CD11c). Discussion BNP has an additional physiological role of moderating components of the innate immune system. Although speculative, this could be beneficial to cardiac transplant recipients as the innate immune system is involved in allograft rejection. Further investigation is required to elucidate the mechanism behind how BNP affects immune cells and whether the same effects are consistent with the adaptive immune system.
Evaluating a collaborative defense architecture for MANETs

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) are susceptible to both insider and outsider attacks more than wired and base station-based wireless networks. This is because of the lack of a well-defined defense perimeter in MANETs, preventing the use of defenses including firewalls or intrusion detection systems. This lack of perimeter calls for implementation of security in a distributed, collaborative manner. We recently introduced a novel deny-by-default distributed security policy enforcement architecture for MANETs by harnessing and extending the concept of network capabilities. The deny-by-default principle allows compromised nodes to access only authorized services, limiting their ability to disrupt or even interfere with end-to-end connectivity and nodes beyond their local communication radius. The enforcement of policies is done hop-by-hop, in a distributed manner. In this paper we present preliminary results evaluating our architecture. Through simulation, we show that our solution incurs minimal overhead in terms of network bandwidth and latency even in the presence of cryptographic operations. Furthermore, we show that the protection remains effective even in the presence of misbehaving nodes and routing changes due to mobility. While further work is needed to fully evaluate our scheme, we believe that the notion of collaborative security in MANETs is a promising direction for future research.
Effect of dietary distillers dried grains with solubles on indicators of oxidative stress and immune function in growing pigs

Abstract Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from corn contain relatively large amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids and some yeast components, which may increase oxidative stress and alter immune function, respectively, when fed to pigs. Therefore, indicators of oxidative stress and immune status were determined in pigs (n = 24; initial BW 103.8 ± 5.9 kg) fed corn soybean meal-based diets or diets containing 35% DDGS for 38 days. On day 38, blood samples were collected for plasma and erythrocyte glutathione, 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) protein adduct, nitrite, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) analyses. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated, and lysates were analyzed for 4-HNE, superoxide dismutase-1 and glutathione-s-transferase-4. Fresh urine was collected and analyzed for F 2 -isoprostane and TBARS. Plasma immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, and fecal IgA were determined, and on day 39, pigs fed each diet were injected intramuscularly with saline (n = 6 pigs per diet) or Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS; n = 6 pigs per diet) and plasma cytokines and metabolites were determined at 4 h post LPS injection. There were no differences in basal circulating indicators of oxidative stress between dietary treatment groups, but urinary TBARS were increased (p
PTEN loss mediated Akt activation promotes prostate tumor growth and metastasis via CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling

The chemokine CXCL12, also known as SDF-1, and its receptor, CXCR4, are overexpressed in prostate cancers and in animal models of prostate-specific PTEN deletion, but their regulation is poorly understood. Loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) is frequently observed in cancer, resulting in the deregulation of cell survival, growth, and proliferation. We hypothesize that loss of PTEN and subsequent activation of Akt, frequent occurrences in prostate cancer, regulate the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling axis in tumor growth and bone metastasis. Murine prostate epithelial cells from PTEN+/+, PTEN +/− , and PTEN−/− (prostate specific knockdown) mice as well as human prostate cancer cell lines C4-2B, PC3, and DU145 were used in gene expression and invasion studies with Akt inhibition. Additionally, HA-tagged Akt1 was overexpressed in DU145, and tumor growth in subcutaneous and intra-tibia bone metastasis models were analyzed. Loss of PTEN resulted in increased expression of CXCR4 and CXCL12 and Akt inhibition reversed expression and cellular invasion. These results suggest that loss of PTEN may play a key role in the regulation of this chemokine activity in prostate cancer. Overexpression of Akt1 in DU145 resulted in increased CXCR4 expression, as well as increased proliferation and cell cycle progression. Subcutaneous injection of these cells also resulted in increased tumor growth as compared to neo controls. Akt1 overexpression reversed the osteosclerotic phenotype associated with DU145 cells to an osteolytic phenotype and enhanced intra-osseous tumor growth. These results suggest the basis for activation of CXCL12 signaling through CXCR4 in prostate cancer driven by the loss of PTEN and subsequent activation of Akt. Akt1-associated CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling promotes tumor growth, suggesting that Akt inhibitors may potentially be employed as anticancer agents to target expansion of PC bone metastases.
The Reactions of Cellulose with Amic Acids and Anhydride/Aminonia: Part IV : Formulas for Calculation of Free, Total, and Crosslink Degree of Substitution in Cellulose Ester Derivatives

Formulas have been developed for the calculation of free, total, and crosslink degree of substitution in Cellulose Ester Derivatives. Free and total carboxylic acid group content from established analytical methods is required.
Spatial modeling and reasoning for automatic dimensional inspection

This paper reports on a system that bridges the gap between computer aided design and metrology activities in the life cycle of a mechanical product. It completely automates the process of programming coordinate measuring machines. Accessibility of surface features to probes is efficiently computed by using computer graphics hardware. This information is used by a high-level planner based on constraint satisfaction techniques to determine setups, probes and probe orientation. High-level plans are refined so as to produces operation sequences and probe paths by using a combination of probabilistic roadmaps and travelling salesperson techniques. Experimental results are presented for industrial parts.
Systemic Immunologic Effects of Definitive Radiation in Head and Neck Cancer

Molecular Profile of Human PapillomavirusePositive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Stratified by Smoking Status J.P. Zevallos, E. Yim, P. Brennan, A.Y. Liu, J.M. Taylor, M. Weissler, D. Anantharaman, B. Abedi-Ardekani, A.F. Olshan, and N.N. Hayes; University of North Carolina Hospitals, Chapel Hill, NC, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
Reduced mucociliary clearance in old mice is associated with a decrease in Muc5B mucin

Respiratory infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Previous reports have suggested that mucociliary clearance (MCC) is impaired in older individuals, but the cause ...
Ceraeochrysa placita (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae): generic characteristics of larvae, larval descriptions, and life cycle

The 3 instars of Ceraeochrysa placita (Banks) express all the traits that typify trashcarrying lacewing larvae in the tribe Chrysopini: short, broad bodies; thorax with elongate, setaceous tubercles; abdomen humped, bearing hooked setae dorsally. Based on our comparison of C. placita larvae with descriptions of larvae in other trash-carrying chrysopine genera, we propose a tentative definition of Ceraeochrysa larvae. In addition, to aid in identifying C. placita larvae, we list a series of traits that distinguishes C. placita from previously described New World trash-carrying chrysopines. One of these traits appears unique to C. placita: in addition to the 2 or 3 long setae that typically occur at the apex of the dorsolateral thoracic tubercles of all chrysopine 1st instars, on C. placita each tubercle also bears a short, stout seta apically. Whether this trait is apomorphic for Ceraeochrysa , or for C. placita , is an open question. Finally, we present a series of biological traits that distinguishes C. placita . Eggs are laid on the trunks of medium- to large-sized trees, which are also feeding sites for prediapause larvae. It has a univoltine life cycle, and the 2nd instar is the overwintering stage. Photoperiod strongly influences the life cycle; short daylengths retard development in 1st instars, induce diapause in 2nd instars, and may have a role in postdiapause development. Compared with other chrysopids, C. placita's incubation and preoviposition periods are long.
Endometriosis as a cause of colonic obstruction.

Case Report A 41-year-old woman with a family history of colon cancer in her father complained to her family physician of a 4-month history of crampy lower abdominal pain and a change of bowel habits from regularity to intermittent constipation and loose stools. There was no particular pattern to the bowel movements, and she could not recall what would aggravate the pain, but having a bowel movement provided temporary relief. The stool had not changed in color or odor and did not appear bloody or tarry. She had no fever, chills, night sweats, anorexia, weight loss, nausea, or vomiting. Her menstrual periods were irregular and were accompanied by cramps and heavy flow. She did have a recent travel history to an area once endemic to Giardia lamblia; however, no one else in her travel party had any symptoms. She did not eat any new or unusual foods. She had a medical history notable for a Clark level I melanoma, fibrocystic breast disease, a benign thyroid adenoma, hypothyroidism, and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. A recent work-up for her dysfunctional uterine bleeding included a Papanicolaou smear and endometrial biopsy, the results of which were normal. Leiomyomas, suspected on pelvic examination, were confirmed by sonography, and magnetic resonance imaging obtained in response to a mildly elevated CA 125 revealed normal ovaries. Findings on a hysterosalpingogram to assess infertility were also normal. Past surgery included excisional biopsies of the melanoma and breast
Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of the neonate

Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglicemia of the neonate is a rare heterogenous disease (clinically, histologically, metabolically and genetically), which is characterized by inadequatly high insuline rates in the presence of severe hypoglicemia. Hyperinsulinism, rather a syndrome than a disease, of which the main metabolic feature is hypoglicemia and decreased concentration of free fatty acids and ketones in serum (insulin inhibits lypolisis and synthesizes ketonic bodies), presents a major diagnostic and therapeutic chalenge. The disease is often followed by brain atrophy contributed by the attacks of hypoglicemia. It is inherited as an autosomally recessive and autosomally dominant disease. The genetic defects is located on the short arm of the chromosome 11. The authors report a successfully applied conservative treatment in a neonate with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglicemia.
The Urban Dominant: Everyday Life and the City in Textual Criticism

Lefebvre made an important statement in The Right to the City: “Philosophy cannot realize itself without art (as model of appropriation of time and space)” (1996, 176). This chapter builds on both the spirit of this comment and the discussion of the intersection of artistic discourse and the urban phenomenon begun in the previous chapter, charting out a model of how to approach cultural works from the perspective of the urban cultural studies method. Before going further, however, the reader must understand that the inclusion of this statement in chapter 3—on “The Work (of Art)”—was part of a larger goal. In brief, this goal was to out line a Lefebvrian theory of art: sustaining the French thinker’s emphasis on alienation, asserting that aesthetic matters are inseparable from other (political, social, economic) concerns, drawing attention to the limits of disciplinary (traditionally literary) approaches to art, and underscoring the power and potential of the “creative capacity” of both the artist and the critic, ultimately as a challenge to existing alienated views of a Marxian-inspired notion of totality. By outlining this Lefebvrian theory of art, I suggest—Lefebvrian thought suggests—that there is a correlation or resonance between an emancipatory production of art and an emancipatory production of everyday life—and of contemporary urban life (Lefebvre 1991b, 1996).1
The Nilpotent Orbit Closures

In this chapter we deal with another important class of varieties — the nilpotent orbit closures of the adjoint action of a simple algebraic group on its Lie algebra. These varieties play an important role in representation theory. All such orbit closures have desingularizations which are total spaces of vector bundles over homogeneous spaces. We describe the applications of the geometric method. The vector bundles involved in the construction of these desingularizations are more complicated than in the case of determinantal varieties. The explicit formula for the terms of complexes F (ℒ)• is not known in general. Still, one can prove some interesting results. The first two sections of the chapter are devoted to the nilpotent orbit closures for the general linear group. In section 8.1 we describe the desingularizations of these orbit closures explicitly. We apply theorems from chapter 5 to prove that all orbit closures are normal, are Gorenstein, and have rational singularities. We also describe the combinatorial way of estimating the terms of the complexes F • in this case. This method is then used in section 8.2 to describe the generators of the defining ideals of nilpotent orbit closures. In section 8.3 we treat the case of general simple groups.
Evaluating the Quality and Use of Regulatory Impact Analysis: The Mercatus Center's Regulatory Report Card, 2008-2013

The Mercatus Center at George Mason University initiated its Regulatory Report Card project in 2009 to assess how well executive branch regulatory agencies conduct and use regulatory impact analysis and to identify ways to motivate improvement. Report Card evaluations reveal that agencies often adopt regulations that affect several hundred million Americans and impose hundreds of millions of dollars in costs without knowing whether a given regulation will really solve a significant problem, whether a more effective alternative solution exists, or whether a more targeted solution could achieve the same result at lower cost. Extensive statistical analysis of Report Card scores suggests that institutional reforms are the most promising means of improving the quality and use of regulatory impact analysis.
The Ethics of Historic Preservation

This article draws together research from various sub-disciplines of philosophy to offer an overview of recent philosophical work on the ethics of historic preservation. I discuss how philosophers writing about art, culture, and the environment have appealed to historical significance in crafting arguments about the preservation of objects, practices, and places. By demonstrating how it relates to core themes in moral and political philosophy, I argue that historic preservation is essentially concerned with ethical issues.
The Romanov Sisters: The Lost Lives of the Daughters of Nicholas and Alexandra. By Helen Rappaport. (New York, NY: St. Martin's Press, 2014. Pp. xviii, 492. $27.99.)

In this new study, the author taps into her considerable experience and talent as a storyteller to illuminate the lives and personalities of Empress Alexandra and her four daughters: Olga, Tatiana,...
Immunofluorescent antibody staining of intact Drosophila larvae.

Standard methods for antibody staining of Drosophila larvae have worked poorly or involved dissection. The Doe laboratory describes a reliable protocol for immunofluorescent antibody staining of intact Drosophila larvae that works well for all larval stages.
Automated home monitoring and management of patient-reported symptoms during chemotherapy: results of the symptom care at home RCT.

Technology-aided remote interventions for poorly controlled symptoms may improve cancer symptom outcomes. In a randomized controlled trial, the efficacy of an automated symptom management system was tested to determine if it reduced chemotherapy-related symptoms. Prospectively, 358 patients beginning chemotherapy were randomized to the Symptom Care at Home (SCH) intervention (n = 180) or enhanced usual care (UC) (n = 178). Participants called the automated monitoring system daily reporting severity of 11 symptoms. SCH participants received automated self-management coaching and nurse practitioner (NP) telephone follow-up for poorly controlled symptoms. NPs used a guideline-based decision support system. Primary endpoints were symptom severity across all symptoms, and the number of severe, moderate, mild, and no symptom days. A secondary endpoint was individual symptom severity. Mixed effects linear modeling and negative binominal regressions were used to compare SCH with UC. SCH participants had significantly less symptom severity across all symptoms (P < 0.001). On average, the relative symptom burden reduction for SCH participants was 3.59 severity points (P < 0.001), roughly 43% of UC. With a very rapid treatment benefit, SCH participants had significant reductions in severe (67% less) and moderate (39% less) symptom days compared with UC (both P < 0.001). All individual symptoms, except diarrhea, were significantly lower for SCH participants (P < 0.05). Symptom Care at Home dramatically improved symptom outcomes. These results demonstrate that symptoms can be improved through automated home monitoring and follow-up to intensify care for poorly controlled symptoms.
Isolation of PBMCs Using Vacutainer® Cellular Preparation Tubes (CPTTM)

Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) isolation is commonly done via density gradient centrifugation over Ficoll-Hypaque, a labor-intensive procedure that requires skilled technicians and can contribute to sample variability. Cellular Preparation Tubes (CPTs) are Vacutainer blood draw tubes that contain Ficoll-Hypaque and a gel plug that separates the Ficoll solution from the blood to be drawn. Once blood is drawn into CPTs, they can be centrifuged to separate the PBMC, then shipped (if desired) to a processing lab. The processing lab removes the PBMC from the upper compartment of the tube (above the gel plug), washes the PBMC, and can cryopreserve them using DMSO-containing media, as detailed in this protocol.
The interaction of mindful awareness and acceptance in couples satisfaction

Abstract Past studies indicate that the awareness and acceptance facets of trait mindfulness both independently predict relationship satisfaction. However, this study hypothesized that the combination of awareness and acceptance might be a stronger contributor to relationship functioning than either in isolation. Regression analyses were used to test whether mindful awareness and acceptance interact in predicting couples satisfaction in a sample of dating or married college students ( n = 138). Acceptance was positively associated with couples satisfaction, while awareness was unrelated. These two mindfulness facets interacted such that greater awareness was related to poorer satisfaction when acceptance was low, but was unrelated when acceptance was high. Conversely, greater acceptance was only related to greater satisfaction when awareness was moderate or high. These results suggest the combination of high awareness and low acceptance can be problematic for relationships, while at least moderate mindful awareness is needed for acceptance to be beneficial.
Defining the Soubrette Archetype in Classic and Contemporary Musical Theatre

Traditionally, the term ‘soubrette’ referred to secondary light-sounding soprano maidservant roles in opera; however, the term now encompasses a broader spectrum of operatic character types. In this article Valerie Lynn Schrader examines the archetype of the ‘soubrette’ in classic and contemporary musical theatre. Because the soubrette is not clearly defined in these forms, in doing so she seeks to establish the varying characteristics of the type, and to analyze musical theatre characters who are representative examples. Using a list of the longest-running Broadway shows from the popular Broadway fan website playbill.com, Valerie Lynn Schrader has conducted a thematic analysis of fifty-eight ‘soubrette’ characters in thirty musicals. By defining and studying the soubrette, she seeks to provide both theatre scholars and practitioners with a tool for character analysis and performance study. Valerie Lynn Schrader is Assistant Professor of Communications at the Schuylkill campus of Pennsylvania State University. As a rhetorical critic, her research focuses on rhetorical messages in musical theatre texts and how these messages are conveyed to audiences through performance. She is a classically trained soubrette soprano and often performs in local theatre productions.
Chronic inflammation in refractory hippocampal sclerosis-related temporal lobe epilepsy

Emerging evidence suggests chronic inflammation may play a role in hippocampal sclerosis-associated temporal lobe epilepsy. We sought to systematically evaluate for its presence in a group of 315 patients who underwent surgery for medically-refractory epilepsy and who had hippocampal sclerosis. Upon histologic review of hematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sections, 95 (41%) cases demonstrated the presence of lymphocytes within the perivascular region and diffusely within the brain parenchyma. Those cases with chronic inflammation evident on hematoxylin and eosin staining were significantly more likely to experience a post-operative seizure recurrence than those without it (p=0.03). In 9 cases of hippocampi with chronic inflammation observed on hematoxylin and eosin stained sections, there was a mixture of both T (CD3+) and B (CD20+) lymphocytes located around blood vessels and interspersed within the brain parenchyma and a predominance of CD4 positive T cells versus CD8 positive cells. Ten hippocampi, apparently devoid of chronic inflammation upon inspection with hematoxylin and eosin stained sections, were stained with the lymphocyte common antigen CD45. In all 10 cases, scattered lymphoid cells were observed in the brain parenchyma, suggesting some level of chronic inflammation may be present in more cases than casual inspection might suggest. This study was the first to evaluate the incidence of chronic inflammation within a large temporal lobe epilepsy population. The study findings suggest chronic inflammation may be a more common component of hippocampal sclerosis -associated temporal lobe epilepsy than previously believed.
Computer-assisted Orthopaedic Surgery

Nowadays, operating rooms can be inefficient and overcrowded. Patient data and images are at times not well integrated and displayed in a timely fashion. This lack of coordination may cause further reductions in efficiency, jeopardize patient safety, and increase costs. Fortunately, technology has much to offer the surgical disciplines and the ongoing and recent operating room innovations have advanced preoperative planning and surgical procedures by providing visual, navigational, and mechanical computerized assistance. The field of computer-assisted surgery (CAS) broadly refers to surgical interface between surgeons and machines. It is also part of the ongoing initiatives to move away from invasive to less invasive or even noninvasive procedures. CAS can be applied preoperatively, intraoperatively, and/or postoperatively to improve the outcome of orthopaedic surgical procedures as it has the potential for greater precision, control, and flexibility in carrying out surgical tasks, and enables much better visualization of the operating field than conventional methods have afforded. CAS is an active research discipline, which brings together orthopaedic practitioners with traditional technical disciplines such as engineering, computer science, and robotics. However, to achieve the best outcomes, teamwork, open communication, and willingness to adapt and adopt new skills and processes are critical. Because of the relatively short time period over which CAS has developed, long-term follow-up studies have not yet been possible. Consequently, this review aims to outline current CAS applications, limitations, and promising future developments that will continue to impact the operating room (OR) environment and the OR in the future, particularly within orthopedic and spine surgery.
Conformational Differentiation of α-Cyanohydroxycinnamic Acid Isomers: A Raman Spectroscopic Study.

Two α-cyanohydroxycinnamic acid positional isomers, α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA4) and α-cyano-3-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA3), were characterized by using Raman spectroscopy. We analysed the implications of the collected Raman spectral shifts, and verified them through other spectroscopic techniques, to arrive at plausible three dimensional structures of CHCA3 and CHCA4. The positions of these groups were mapped by systematically analysing the orientation and type of interactions functional groups make in each CHCA isomer. We determined whether or not the carboxylic moieties are forming dimeric links and ascertained the existence of ring–ring π-stacking interactions. We also assessed the nature of the hydrogen bonding between –CN and –OH groups. The results were then taken together to model plausible three-dimensional structures for each compound. The data revealed a structure for CHCA4 that matches the published X-ray crystallographic structure. We then applied the same spectral analysis to CHCA3 to reveal its plausible three-dimensional structure. The structural details revealed may account for the functional properties of the two α-cyanohydroxycinnamic acid positional isomers. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tumor spread through air space (STAS) is an important predictor of clinical outcome in stage IA lung adenocarcinoma.

Despite an expanding armamentarium of therapies in recent years, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally (1). Approximately 80% of lung cancers diagnosed worldwide are classified as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with adenocarcinoma being the most common histologic subtype. Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) has recently been recognized as an important pattern of tumor invasion in early stage lung adenocarcinoma (2). Indeed, multiple independent groups have determined STAS to have a significant prognostic impact on recurrence in patients with resected stage I lung adenocarcinoma (3-5).