cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCE IN SERIAL POSITION EFFECTS WITH CONNECTED DISCOURSE

The large body of evidence amassed about the serial-position effect has led to its description as "one of the best esmblished and most pervasive phenomena in verbal learning" (Slamecka, 1967, p. 111). In its most general form, the effect refers to a clear indication that with ordered items initial and final material appears to be more readily mastered than middle material. The basic curve consistently emerges even though its slope and symmetry have been experimentally altered (Marshall & Werder, 1972) and attributedifferentiated Ss exhibit curves of differing heights and asymmetry (Fagan, 1972) . The present study examined this effect with connected discourse and investigated ics generalizability to individual Ss. A 20-min. audio-taped lecture was presented to 25 graduate students. Evenly spaced throughout the lecture were 30 items which were tested using a multiple-choice examination with randomly ordered questions (KR-20 reliability = .77). At the conclusion of testing, items were placed in serial order and divided into initial, middle, and final sections (10 items per section) with section and total scores computed for each subject. Section scores resulted in a typical effect with initial, middle, and final means of 6.68, 5.16, and 5.72, respectively. A repeated-measures analysis of variance detected a significant serial effect (F:,u = 8.45, p < ,001) favoring initial and final over middle items. The inference drawn from serial-position studies is that Ss master material at a certain level in the initial section, do less well toward the middle, and improve again at the end. For the analysis of individual differences this pattern was expected. Three other basic patterns were examined, including: (1 ) Ss who never get worse and always get better ( A ) , (2 ) Ss who never get better and always get worse ( B ) , and ( 3 ) Ss who get better and then get worse ( C ) , the opposite of the expected pattern. The expected pattern was exhibited by 11 Ss (Ms = 7.0, 4.18, 6.27), while Pattern A typified 3 Ss (Ms = 7.0, 7.33, 8.67), Pattern B was exhibited by 8 Ss (Ms = 6.5, 4.88, 3.75), and Pattern C by 3 Ss (Ms = 5.67, 7.33, 6 .0) . In short, 14 of 25 Ss responded with atypical patterns. While the total test mean of the expected pattern group (17.45) was nearly identical to that of the total group (17.56), the panern deviation means suggest differences in ability may be related to serial effects. Pattern B Ss had by far the lowest test mean (15.13), Pattern C Ss had a mean test score (19.00) exceeding that of the total group, and Pattern A Ss had by far the highest test mean (23.00), even chough theoretically pattern and test score are independent. Although restrictions of sample size limit interpretation, that the majority of Ss responded in atypical ways suggests that applications and generalization of the effect must remain tenuous pending more extensive investigation of individual differences in learning connected discourse.
Mechanical Injury Induces Brain Endothelial-Derived Microvesicle Release: Implications for Cerebral Vascular Injury during Traumatic Brain Injury

It is well established that the endothelium responds to mechanical forces induced by changes in shear stress and strain. However, our understanding of vascular remodeling following traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains incomplete. Recently published studies have revealed that lung and umbilical endothelial cells produce extracellular microvesicles (eMVs), such as microparticles, in response to changes in mechanical forces (blood flow and mechanical injury). Yet, to date, no studies have shown whether brain endothelial cells produce eMVs following TBI. The brain endothelium is highly specialized and forms the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which regulates diffusion and transport of solutes into the brain. This specialization is largely due to the presence of tight junction proteins (TJPs) between neighboring endothelial cells. Following TBI, a breakdown in tight junction complexes at the BBB leads to increased permeability, which greatly contributes to the secondary phase of injury. We have therefore tested the hypothesis that brain endothelium responds to mechanical injury, by producing eMVs that contain brain endothelial proteins, specifically TJPs. In our study, primary human adult brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC) were subjected to rapid mechanical injury to simulate the abrupt endothelial disruption that can occur in the primary injury phase of TBI. eMVs were isolated from the media following injury at 2, 6, 24, and 48 h. Western blot analysis of eMVs demonstrated a time-dependent increase in TJP occludin, PECAM-1 and ICAM-1 following mechanical injury. In addition, activation of ARF6, a small GTPase linked to extracellular vesicle production, was increased after injury. To confirm these results in vivo, mice were subjected to sham surgery or TBI and blood plasma was collected 24 h post-injury. Isolation and analysis of eMVs from blood plasma using cryo-EM and flow cytometry revealed elevated levels of vesicles containing occludin following brain trauma. These results indicate that following TBI, the cerebral endothelium undergoes vascular remodeling through shedding of eMVs containing TJPs and endothelial markers. The detection of this shedding potentially allows for a novel methodology for real-time monitoring of cerebral vascular health (remodeling), BBB status and neuroinflammation following a TBI event.
Description of Catallagia luski (Siphonaptera: Hystrichopsyllidae), a new flea from California mice, and a revised key to male Catallagia from North America

Catallagia luski is described from Peromyscus species in southern California. The geographical and host distributions of C. luski and its closest relative, C. mathesoni , are discussed. A key to the males of Catallagia species from North America is included.
Summary of Standard Operating Safety Guides, November 1984

The Environmental Response Team (ERT) is the US EPA’s focal point for technical assistance to all EPA offices and Federal/State/Foregin government offices during multimedia emergency episodes involving toxic and hazardous materials. This paper is an overview of the U.S. EPA’s Office of Emergency and Remedial Response safety procedures and operations used at hazardous materials responses as presented in the subject document.
An Investigation on the Residue Quantity of Lead,Cadmium and Mercury in Grain,Meat,Eggs and Dairy Products on the Market in Baotou

Objective: To investigate the level of lead,cadmium and mercury in grain,meat,eggs and dairy products on the market in Baotou,to analyze the causes of pollution and to provide scientific basis for strengthening the supervision of the food safety. Methods: Samples were selected by cluster random sampling method among all kinds of food markets in Baotou city. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used to determine the lead and cadmium content in the specimen. Double fluorescence spectrophotometry was used to determine the mercury content in the specimen. Results: Different levels of heavy metals residue quantity were detected in the 430 food samples of the four categories except that mercury was not detected in grain samples and no cadmium was detected in milk products,with the quantity tiny. Conclusion: The residue quantity of lead, cadmium and mercury in grain,meat,eggs and dairy products on the market in Baotou is not above the permitted level of national standard.
ABC supporting QoS unicast routing scheme with particle swarm optimization

A QoS unicast routing scheme with ABC supported was proposed.The interval was used to describe the uncertain users' QoS requirement and inaccurate edge(link) parameter.With the user satisfaction degree,edge evaluation and elitist solution set introduced,a QoS unicast path was searched by particle swarm optimization algorithm and gaming analysis,achieving or approaching Pareto optimal solution under Nash equilibrium on both the network provider utility and the user utility along the found path.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is both feasible and effective.
Soft power analysis in alienated borderline tourism

This study uses a combined content-semiotic analysis technique to identify visual representations of an alienated frontier between India and Pakistan. Additionally, narratives of tourism marketers,...
Message from TPC chairs

We are pleased to welcome you to Osaka, Japan to attend IEEE LANMAN 2017, the 23rd IEEE International Symposium on Local and Metropolitan Area Networks. LANMAN began as a workshop focused on local networking technologies, but over more than two decades it has grown into a full fledged symposium covering a broad spectrum of networking issues. This year's technical program covers both wired and wireless networks, with application areas ranging from the Internet of Things, to software defined infrastructures, to cellular networks.
Translanguaging Pedagogies for Positive Identities in Two-Way Dual Language Bilingual Education

ABSTRACTResearch suggests that identity matters for school success and that language and identity are powerfully intertwined. A monolingual solitudes understanding of bilingualism undermines children’s bilingual identities, yet in most bilingual education classrooms, academic instruction is segregated by language and children are encouraged to engage in only one language at a time. Few studies have explored how a translanguaging pedagogy supports the development of positive identities when learning through two languages. This article explores the co-construction of identities of emergent bilingual children whose teacher embraced dynamic bilingualism. We carried out a close discourse analysis, drawing on the sociocultural linguistic framework of Bucholtz and Hall of children’s interactions in a two-way bilingual education classroom. Our data revealed that translanguaging offered equitable, empowering educational and language learning opportunities to minoritized, bilingual students. A translanguaging pedag...
Donor Qualification for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Donor qualification assessment is a critical step in ensuring the safety and efficacy of the hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) transplantation process. Donor qualification refers to aspects of the donor that may affect safety of the donor, safety of the recipient, and success of the HPC transplantation in the recipient. This definition is synonymous with the term “donor suitability” used by the World Marrow Donor Association (WMDA) and American Association of Blood Banks (AABB). However, the term donor qualification is used for clarity because the term donor suitability can have different connotations in various contexts. For example, in FACT accreditation parlance, donor suitability is defined more narrowly as issues “that relate to the general health or medical fitness of the donor to undergo the collection procedure.” In FDA parlance, in contrast, “donor suitability” is used interchangeably with “donor eligibility” or the infectious disease risk of the donor to recipient safety. The chapter provides an overview of the most important concepts in donor qualification assessment and a practical framework of how to systematically evaluate donor qualification.
Semantic interoperability evaluation model for devices in automation systems

Interoperability of devices in automation systems is critical, but despite tremendous standardization efforts not achievable between all devices per se. Much effort needs to be spent on properly evaluating whether devices are interoperable, or on fixing incompatibilities. To improve that situation, a semantic interoperability evaluation model is presented in this paper. It enables an automatic, reliable interoperability evaluation of devices and constitutes a key enabler for a further (computerized) automation of the automation. The interoperability assessment is more reliable than what available state-of-the art engineering and commissioning tools can deliver. This is achieved by incorporating not only technical and syntactic criteria, but also the device semantics, a conceptual system model and optionally experiential knowledge, if available.
Effect of regulated expression of the fragile histidine traid gene on cell cycle and proliferation

The mechanism of tumor suppressor action of the fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene is unknown. Disruption of cell cycle regulation leads to the tumor formation and many tumor suppressor genes suppress tumorigenesis through their effect on cell cycle regulation. We examined the expression of FHIT during the cell cycle, and determined whether overexpression of FHIT affects cell cycle kinetics and apoptosis. The FHIT cDNA was cloned into the ecdysone-inducible expression vector in both the sense and antisense orientations. Overexpression of the sense or antisense construct did not affect cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution or apoptosis in human 293T cells. Analysis of the FHIT expression in 293T cells collected at various cell cycle phases showed that the expression of FHIT is not under cell cycle regulation. These results indicate that the tumor suppressor activity of the FHIT gene may be independent of an effect on the cell cycle and apoptosis mechanisms.
Stochastic Models for Biological Patterns

This chapter reviews the prevalent mathematical formalisms for modeling biological sequences and patterns. Underlying theoretical principles for computationally simple IID models is followed by a discussion on the Markov models for sequences. Similarly, discussions on pattern models focused on the theoretical background of Position Specific Scoring Matrices and Profiles for representation of biological sequence patterns. A detailed discussion and illustration of modeling patterns using Hidden Markov Models is presented.
Eccentric fixation with macular scotoma

People with macular scotoma tend to read and visually scan more slowly than others with equivalently reduced visual acuity but intact central fields. We measured fixation eye movements and considered the contribution of fixation variability and centripetal eye drift to poor visual performance. These factors might confound efforts to consistently use an optimum retinal locus outside of the macula. We measured monocular horizontal and vertical eye movements using a search coil eyetracker while subjects with naturally occurring central scotomata or control subjects with simulated scotomata eccentrically fixated a single character that was sized to their visual acuity. Motivated subjects with long-standing stable maculopathies were chosen to estimate attainable performance limits. During attempts to eccentrically fixate, an ubiquitous foveal pursuit or centripetal drift tendency was not found; rather a pattern of drift was idiosyncratic from subject to subject. This finding was confirmed by an analysis of eye drift of 32 eyes with long-standing bilateral macular scotomata. Moreover, the eye drift speeds (15-200 minarc/sec) were too low to be of functional significance. Drift speeds during eccentric fixation with a visible target were not significantly different than those after the target was extinguished; however, drift speeds were greater than during foveal fixation. This suggests that the fovea has a specialized control of slow eye movements. Fixation variability increased with scotoma size for both simulated and real scotomata, with an abrupt rise when scotomata diameters exceeded 20 degrees C. A significant minority of subjects (39%) adopted two or more distinct preferred retinal loci (PRL) during fixation. Multiple PRL were also more likely if scotoma size exceeded 20 degrees C. Reasonably steady fixation is thus attainable when central scotoma sizes are smaller than approximately 20 degrees C.
Adoptive transfer of splenocytes to immunocompromised mice

Analysis of the immune response of mice to Helicobacter infection has been greatly aided by the use of various deficient mouse strains. Here we present protocols for reconstitution of immune-deficient mice with wild-type immune cells and protocols for analysis of the outcome.
Transience and Recurrence

We have developed substantial structural results for ψ-irreducible Markov chains in Part I of this book. Part II is devoted to stability results of ever-increasing strength for such chains.
Towards practical avoidance of information leakage in enterprise networks

Preventing exfiltration of sensitive data is a central challenge facing many modern networking environments. In this paper, we propose a network-wide method of confining and controlling the flow of sensitive data within a network. Our approach is based on black-box differencing - we run two logical copies of the network, one with private data scrubbed, and compare outputs of the two to determine if and when private data is being leaked. To ensure outputs of the two copies match, we build upon recent advances that enable computing systems to execute deterministically at scale and with low overheads. We believe our approach could be a useful building block towards building general-purpose schemes that leverage black-box differencing to mitigate leakage of private data.
Surveillance Ultrasound in the Neuro Intensive Care Unit: Time to Deep Vein Thrombosis Diagnosis

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) are complications of hospitalization leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Routine surveillance ultrasound has become common practice in some intensive care units (ICU) to detect DVT early and initiate anticoagulation, preventing complications. However, initiating anticoagulants for asymptomatic DVT treatment may increase risk of hemorrhage. The objective of this study was to investigate the value of routine surveillance ultrasound in early DVT diagnosis in Neuro ICU patients. This is a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with DVT during admission to the Neuro ICU at University Hospital from January 1, 2012, through December 31, 2017. Patients were identified through International Classification of Diseases 9th and 10th Revision codes for DVT and PE, screened for inclusion criteria, and then classified as surveillance group or symptom-driven group based on intervention received. Primary outcome was time to DVT diagnosis. Secondary outcome included clinically significant hemorrhage identified by anticoagulation treatment discontinuation for suspected hemorrhage or new or expanding hemorrhage on head computerized tomography (CT). A total of 116 patients were identified, with 50 included: 27 were classified as surveillance and 23 as symptom-driven. Seven patients (surveillance = 3 and symptom-driven = 4) were diagnosed with only PE and were excluded from primary outcome. Median time to DVT diagnosis was similar at 148 h for surveillance versus 172 h for symptom driven (p = 0.2). There was no difference in treatment discontinuation rates (surveillance 21% vs symptom 31%; p = 0.4). Of the 27 patients with follow-up head CT, two in the surveillance group and two in the symptom-driven group showed a new or expanding hemorrhage. Routine surveillance ultrasound did not lead to significantly earlier DVT diagnosis. Hemorrhagic events were not different between groups. Utility of surveillance ultrasound in this population should be evaluated in large, prospective trials before routine use can be recommended.
Sustainable Engineering: Principles and Practice

Drawing on multidisciplinary perspectives from engineering, economics, business, science, and human behavior, this text presents an unrivalled introduction to how engineering practice can contribute to sustainable development. Varied approaches for assessing the sustainability of engineering and other human activities are presented in detail, and potential solutions to meet key challenges are proposed, with an emphasis on those that require engineering skills. Each concept and approach is supported by mathematical representation, solved problems, real-world examples, and self-study exercises. Topics covered range from introductory material on the nature of sustainability, to more advanced approaches for assessment and design. Prerequisites for each chapter are clearly explained so the text can be adapted to meet the needs of students from a range of backgrounds. Software tutorials, project statements and solutions, lecture slides, and a solutions manual accompany the book online, making this an invaluable resource for courses in sustainable engineering, as well as a useful reference for industry practitioners.
Cyano-bridged Re6Q8 (Q = S, Se) cluster-metal framework solids : A new class of porous materials

Clusters of the type [Re6Q8(CN)6]4- (Q = S, Se) are demonstrated to react with a range of divalent transition metal ions in aqueous solution to produce framework materials. The structures of the new phases exhibiting two-dimensional sheets, interpenetrating frameworks with pocket-lined one-dimensional channels, and a three-dimensional network of water-filled cubic cages are described.
Fine-Pitch Bonding Methods for Integrating Asics with Flexible Polymer Mems

We developed and adapted multiple robust, high-yield processes to achieve fine-pitch bonding of application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) chips directly into flexible polymer MEMS constructed using Parylene. These methods were developed to integrate circuits that perform multiplexing, amplification, and signal processing functions to achieve large scale, high-density neural probe arrays to record from the brain (Figure 1) and have broad application to other flexible electronic devices. Bonds were achieved using wedge bonding, conductive epoxy, anisotropic conductive film (ACF), and a novel polymer ultrasonic on bump (PUB) technique at both low temperature (≤ 100 °C) and fine pitch (100 µm), all with yields of 83% or greater. Bonded devices were subjected to a battery of thermal and mechanical tests based on industry standards, demonstrating robustness and reliability.
Intervention Messaging About Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Use Among Young, Black Sexual Minority Men

Approximately 1.1 million individuals in the United States are living with HIV/AIDS. HIV disproportionately affects young, black men who have sex with men (YBMSM). Recent biomedical advances, including the use of antiretroviral therapy as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), hold promise for preventing HIV infections. However, PrEP uptake remains slow among those most at-risk. To develop and test an intervention to address HIV disparities in YBMSM, we conducted qualitative interviews with 29 YBMSM from Jackson, Mississippi, to learn more about their views of PrEP. Twenty-nine PrEP-eligible YBMSM were enrolled and participated in either semistructured interviews or focus groups. They were asked about PrEP use, messaging, and promotion. Data were coded based on an iteratively developed coding scheme and entered into NVivo to facilitate thematic analysis. Our analysis identified the following three main themes: (1) the role of setting, context, and stigma in health care, (2) targeted PrEP messaging is further stigmatizing, and (3) recommendations for PrEP messaging and care. YBMSM in our sample felt highly stigmatized in their current environment and felt that PrEP messaging targeting YBMSM only enhanced their sense of marginalization. They concluded that broad and inclusive messaging would be just as relevant and cause less stigma. Our findings were somewhat surprising, as several prior studies benefited from using targeted materials to engage YBMSM in HIV prevention and PrEP uptake. The study's location may explain this difference in findings, which suggests the importance of considering local conditions and opinions when developing interventions for HIV prevention among minority populations.
How Haptic Feedback in a Mixed Reality Pool Game Affects Real-Life Pool Performance:

Mechanisms for training pool skills have evolved from manually setting up balls in different positions on the table and hitting them one-by-one to now using technology to precisely set up these pla...
Automated production of 1-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-l-tryptophan for imaging of tryptophan metabolism.

Abstract Automated production of an fluorine-18 labeled tryptophan analogue, 1-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)- l -tryptophan (1-L-[18F]FETrp) in a current Good Manufacturing Practice facility was achieved. 1-L-[18F]FETrp was produced by a one-pot, two-step strategy with an overall synthesis time of approximately 100 min, a radiochemical yield of 20 ± 5% (decay corrected), radiochemical purity and enantiomeric excess over 90%, and a molar activity of 103 ± 15 GBq/μmol at the end of synthesis (EOS). The dose mass of 1-L-FETrp in four consecutive batches was less than 5 μg. The radiopharmaceutical product met all quality control criteria for clinical use.
Total platinum dose versus platinum dose intensification in ovarian cancer treatment

Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate the importance of platinum dose intensity in chemotherapy of advanced ovarian cancer. The relevant areas discussed in this report include (1) retrospective analysis of platinum dose intensity and outcome of ovarian cancer therapy, (2) in vitro human tumor cell line drug assay data, (3) fresh human ovarian tumor cloning data, (4) platinum pharmacokinetics with an emphasis on the relationship between the platinum concentration x time product and cytotoxicity, and (5) prospective clinical studies designed to test the importance of platinum dose intensity alone or platinum dose intensity and total dose. When attempting to design optimal platinum-based therapies for ovarian cancer, it is important to bear in mind the following considerations: (1) both platinum dose intensity and total dose should be increased; (2) to achieve exponential cytotoxicity (eg, up to 10-fold increases in tumor cell kill) by increasing the platinum dose, it is critical to select a platinum dose capable of overcoming inherent drug resistance; (3) carboplatin may be the platinum analogue of choice for dose intensification studies since, unlike cisplatin, it is rarely associated with cumulative nonhematologic toxicity (and as a result can be escalated up to five to six times the standard dose); and (4) the Calvert formula should be used for determining carboplatin dose to safely and accurately target desired drug exposure (as measured by the concentration x time product) and degree of hematologic toxicity.
Mice preferentially use increases in cerebral cortex spike rates to detect changes in visual stimuli

When the retinal image changes, some neurons in primary visual cortex (V1) increase their rate of spiking, while other decrease their rate of spiking. How the brain decodes changes in visual stimuli from this set of neuronal responses remains largely unknown. We trained mice to respond to increases or decreases of visual contrast by releasing a lever. We used optogenetic approaches to increase or decrease V1 neuron responses evoked by contrast changes. The ability of mice to detect increases and decreases in visual contrast were both enhanced by increasing V1 spiking, whereas detection was always impaired by suppressing V1 spiking, even when the change was a decrease in contrast. The results suggest a strong asymmetry in the readout of signals from V1 insomuch as decrements in neuronal spiking contribute markedly less to perceptual reports.
Derailed: The Postwar End of New York City Subway Expansion:

New York City witnessed the construction of one of the largest subway systems in the world in the first four decades of the twentieth century. Expansion virtually ceased thereafter, and New York’s ...
On the failure to replicate past findings regarding positive affirmations and self-esteem

Abstract Objectives Previous research has established a differential effect of positive affirmations, whereby they may be helpful for individuals with high trait self-esteem and possibly iatrogenic for individuals with low self-esteem (Wood, Perunovic, & Lee, 2009). The current studies are replications of Wood et al. (2009) study. The aim of Study 1 was to replicate this study by examining the efficacy of a positive affirmation intervention on mood and state self-esteem and to see if trait self-esteem made the intervention more or less efficacious. The aim of Study 2 was to attempt to conceptually replicate and extend the original study by examining the efficacy of positive affirmation and values writing interventions on mood, self-esteem, and goal completion. We also examined whether trait self-esteem and psychological inflexibility moderated the relationship between condition and outcome variables. Design For Study 1, participants were randomly assigned to either the positive affirmation or no statement condition. Outcome measures were completed immediately following the intervention. For Study 2, participants randomly assigned to the positive affirmations or values writing intervention. Outcome measures were completed immediately following the intervention and at a three-day follow-up. Setting Participants completed this analogue study in a university setting. Participants Approximately 225 individuals participated in Study 1 and 237 in Study 2. Main outcome measures The main outcome measures of Study 1 were state self-esteem and mood measures. The outcome measures for Study 2 were state self-esteem, mood, goal competition, and challenge of self-reported goal. Results Results from Study 1 revealed a failure to replicate as there were no difference between conditions on all outcome variables and trait-self esteem did not interact with condition to predict any of the outcome variables. Findings from Study 2, again, yielded a failure to replicate, as there were no differences between conditions on mood, state self-esteem, self-reported level of goal challenge, and goal completion. Conclusions State self-esteem did not moderate the effect of a positive affirmation intervention, failing to replicate the findings of Wood et al. (2009). Implications regarding the failure to replicate the original study are discussed.
Predicting perceptions of incivility across 20 news comment sections

Research on incivility has focused on individual differences or message characteristics that affect perceptions of incivility. Given the potential consequences of incivility in news spaces, it is e...
Sediment transport in a restored, river-influenced Pacific Northwest estuary

Abstract Predicting the success of future investments in coastal and estuarine ecosystem restorations is limited by scarce data quantifying sediment budgets and transport processes of prior restorations. This study provides detailed analyses of the hydrodynamics and sediment fluxes of a recently restored U.S. Pacific Northwest estuary, a 61 ha former agricultural area near the mouth of the Stillaguamish River in Washington, USA. Water level, flow velocity, and suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) were measured between 21 March 2014 and 1 June 2015 at breaches excavated in the former flood-protection levee to determine transport patterns and the net sediment budget of the restoration area. SSC within the restoration area was primarily controlled by SSC variability of the nearby main stem Stillaguamish, but coastal processes also played a major role in sediment delivery. Fluvial sediment loading was dominated by runoff events associated with rainfall that lasted hours to a few days. Additionally, the 22 March 2014 SR 530 (Oso) landslide elevated sediment supply to the restoration area and coastal region for several weeks, indicating the importance of distal geomorphic events to coastal sediment budgets in small mountainous river systems. Sediment fluxes were controlled by river SSC and tidal dynamics, which set the quantity of water transported into the restoration area. Peak water discharge at the restoration area was about 12% of the river discharge, and peak sediment flux at the restoration area was about 5% of the river sediment discharge, although net sediment import was 1% of the total river load. Although sediment was imported to the restoration area, and inferred rates of accretion appear sufficient to keep pace with present rates of local sea-level rise, full recovery is challenged by significant lost grade from historical subsidence and will likely take decades to centuries. These results have implications for estuary restoration planning globally and indicate the importance of understanding coupled fluvial–coastal processes.
The Idea of the University and Its Specters: On the Ghostly Return of the “Excluded”

In this essay, I use the tools provided by “The Spectral Turn” to flip the Idea of the University implied in Derrida’s The University Without Condition. The goal will be to reconsider the ways in which the exclusions embedded in the unconditional university specter its own project. A different reading of the university’s project through a problematization of exclusion/inclusion may hopefully lead to rethinking the mission of the university to come.
An Arabinoxylan Extracted from Corn Grain Is Inhibitory to Cellulase Activity

The maize seed expression system is a powerful platform for recombinant protein production. It has been utilized for high-yield production of industrial cellulases such as endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase (E...
Advancing Black Girls in STEM: Implications from Advanced Placement Participation and Achievement

The purpose of this study was to examine Black girls’ performance on advanced placement (AP) exams. Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) careers are lucrative, and there are opportunities to participate through both short-term and 4-year college degree paths. However, poor K-12 (i.e. U.S. primary through secondary school) preparation, limited course availability, and low rigor have been shown to be strong mediators of post-secondary STEM participation. Therefore, understanding how Black girls perform on various STEM AP exams provides a foundation for testing the impact of variables already identified as mediators of success. Ninth through 12th graders’ AP exam scores were used from a cross-sectional sample consisting of 32,675 cases across 7 science and 3 mathematics disciplines. Cases were compared across disciplines to examine differences in participation and performance trends for Black girls on AP STEM examinations. Data were contextualized using descriptive statistics and confidence intervals of odds ratios. The results of this study suggest that Black girls participate in non-traditional STEM courses more frequently with varying levels of performance outcomes. Implications and recommendations related to this phenomenon are presented to inform research and instructional praxis.
Topological data analysis for true step detection in periodic piecewise constant signals

This paper introduces a simple yet powerful approach based on topological data analysis for detecting true steps in a periodic, piecewise constant (PWC) signal. The signal is a two-state square wav...
Homework Helper: Providing Valuable Feedback on Math Mistakes.

Many parents feel uncomfortable helping their children with homework, with only 66% of parents consistently checking their child’s homework [22]. Because of this, many turn to math games and problem solvers as they have become widely available in recent years [12, 21]. Many of these applications rely on multiple choice or keyboard entry submission of answers, limiting their adoption. Auto graders and applications, such as PhotoMath, deprive students of the opportunity to correct their own mistakes, automatically generating a solution with no explanation [19]. This work introduces a novel homework assistant – Homework Helper (HWHelper) – that is capable of determining mathematical errors in order to provide meaningful feedback to students without solutions. In this paper, we focus on simple arithmetic calculations, specifically multi-digit addition, introducing 2D-Add, a new dataset of worked addition problems. We design a system that acts as a guided learning tool for students allowing them to learn from and correct their mistakes. HWHelper segments a sheet of math problems, identifies the student’s answer, performs arithmetic and pinpoints mistakes made, providing feedback to the student. HWHelper fills a significant gap in the current state-of-the-art for student math homework feedback.
Cognitive Sequelae of Central-Variant Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES).

Introduction. Although the posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is often associated with headache and visual changes, central-variant PRES can be difficult to clinically diagnose in a patient with alteration of consciousness. Central-variant PRES has been previously described in the literature affecting subcortical white matter and the brainstem. Case Presentation. We describe a case presenting with hypertension (192/98) and altered level of consciousness requiring intubation. She was ultimately found to have extensive symmetric cortical and subcortical edema, with extensive involvement of bilateral thalami, consistent with central-variant PRES. Her mentation rapidly improved with blood pressure management. Confirmation of the diagnosis of central-variant PRES was made on repeat brain imaging. Our case is unique in demonstrating dramatic central white matter changes and their reversibility on repeat imaging six days later. Finally, persistent cognitive deficits at follow-up four months later are described. Conclusion. Atypical presentations of PRES, involving alterations in levels of consciousness, can be difficult to clinically diagnose. A thorough differential diagnosis is even more important in cases of PRES with atypical imaging. Recognition of the diagnostic patterns of PRES on brain imaging, with prompt reversal of the causative factors, is crucial for the appropriate care of these patients. The long-term sequelae, which could include cognitive deficits, are poorly studied and understood.
Unveiling the Influence of Carbon Impurity on Recovered NCM622 Cathode Material

With the proliferation of market demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) over the past decades, battery recycling has aroused extensive attention due to the environmental, supply, and economic issues caused by waste batteries. The hydrometallurgical recycling method has been widely adopted to recover cathode materials as a result of its wide applicability and high productivity. However, it is hard to completely eliminate impurities such as copper, aluminum, and carbon, which could bring significant impacts on recovered materials. Here, the influence of the carbon impurity on recovered LiNi₀.₆Co₀.₂Mn₀.₂O₂ (NCM622) cathode material is systematically investigated. It shows that the carbon impurity promotes nucleation during coprecipitation and forms holes in the cathode secondary particles after sintering which could enhance cyclability of the NCM622 cathode. The cathode with 0.2 atom % of carbon impurity displays the highest capacity of 159.9 mAh/g with a striking capacity retention rate of 97.9% after 100 cycles at 0.33C, but performs worse at high rates. Nonetheless, excess carbon (5 atom %) results in severe cation disorder and lattice distortion which significantly deteriorates the electrochemical properties of the NCM622 cathode. Therefore, it is important to strictly control carbon impurity during the recycling process for spent LIBs.
Von Nähe und Sicherheit: Die Artikel-Verordnung nach §§26, 27 Standortauswahlgesetz – Sicherheitsanforderungen, Dogmatik, Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung

Die Standortsuche fur ein Endlager ist neu angelaufen. Fur die Auswahl von gunstigen Teilgebieten wurden Sicherheitskriterien auf Geodaten angewendet. Regelungen zu Kriterien und zur Untersuchung von Sicherheitsaspekten sind insbesondere in der neuen Artikel-Verordnung nach §§26, 27 StandAG geregelt. Der Beitrag informiert uber die Regelungsinhalte, setzt aber den Schwerpunkt auf die Beteiligung der allgemeinen Offentlichkeit im Verordnungsverfahren. Vor dem Hintergrund wird die Dogmatik der Beteiligung bei der Erarbeitung von Rechtsverordnungen hinterfragt. Die Bedeutung von Nahe und Transparenz werden als Leitwerte gegen Vertrauensverluste und Elitenverachtung konturiert.
Examination of the effects of age, sex, and motor ability level on balance capabilities in children with cerebral palsy GMFCS levels I, II, III and typical development using the Pediatric Balance Scale.

Explore effects of age, sex, and motor ability level on balance capabilities in preschoolers with and without Cerebral Palsy (CP).PBS was administered to 477 children 24 through 59 months: 258 with...
Market research for small businesses: A “real world” perspective

SCORE plays an essential role in supporting predominantly new small business entrepreneurs with limited resources. This article shares findings from in-depth interviews with SCORE mentors on how th...
Model Construction of Nonrigid Biological Objects from Images

Being able to accurately model the deformation of biological objects is vital to the success of many multidisciplinary studies such as computer-aided surgery simulation and planning, image-based medical diagnosis, and motion-based human identification etc. Among various modeling techniques, physical model becomes increasingly popular because the physical and mathematical rigors upon which the model is established can ensure physically sound motion predictions. It has been widely recognized that material properties assigned to the physical model could have a significant impact on its prediction accuracy. In this talk we will explore a number of applications of such modeling for burn scar evaluation and breast cancer detection to facial expression analysis and biometrics.
Anesthetic Sites and Allosteric Mechanisms of Action on Cys-loop Ligand-gated Ion Channels

Purpose The Cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel superfamily is a major group of neurotransmitter-activated receptors in the central and peripheral nervous system. The superfamily includes inhibitory receptors stimulated by γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine and excitatory receptors stimulated by acetylcholine and serotonin. The first part of this review presents current evidence on the location of the anesthetic binding sites on these channels and the mechanism by which binding to these sites alters their function. The second part of the review addresses the basis for this selectivity, and the third part describes the predictive power of a quantitative allosteric model showing the actions of etomidate on γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs).
Contribution of B‐1a cells to systemic lupus erythematosus in the NZM2410 mouse model

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease of complex etiology in which B cells play a central role. An expanded number of B-1a cells have been consistently associated with murine lupus, and more recently with human SLE. We have identified Cdkn2c, a gene that controls cell cycle progression, as a key regulator of B-1a cell numbers and have associated Cdkn2c deficiency with autoimmune pathology, including the production of autoantibodies and the skewing of CD4(+) T cells toward inflammatory effector functions. We review the genetic studies that have led to these findings, as well as the possible mechanisms by which B-1a cell expansion and Cdkn2c deficiency are related to SLE pathogenesis.
Compiling with continuations

This book shows how continuation-passing style is used as an intermediate representation to perform optimizations and program transformations. Continuations can be used to compile most programming languages. The method is illustrated in a compiler for the programming language Standard ML. Prior knowledge of ML, however, is not necessary, as the author carefully explains each concept as it arises. This is the first book to show how concepts from the theory of programming languages can be applied to the production of practical optimizing compilers for modern languages like ML. All the details of compiling are covered, including the interface to a runtime system and garbage collector.
Complications of gastrointestinal diverticula demonstrated by x-ray

Summary A group of eight cases of gastrointestinal diverticula has been reported, in which complications arising within the diverticula were the cause of major gastrointestinal symptoms. The diverticula and the pathology associated with them were successfully demonstrated by x-ray examination.
Therapeutic Termination with the Early Adolescent Who Has Experienced Multiple Losses

Often, children who come into therapy have experienced the loss of parents and/or other loved ones, losses they have not processed adequately. Due to the nature of the therapeutic relationship, these children will eventually face the loss of the therapist as well. This article suggests that the early adolescent is particularly susceptible to the trauma inherent in these losses. The authors discuss the developmental challenges of early adolescence and how issues of loss complicate this developmental period. They conclude by suggesting that preparation for the “undeniable ending” of the therapeutic relationship must start in the beginning of the relationship and remain as a constant theme throughout.
The Promise and Peril of Older Collections: Meta-Analyses and the Zooarchaeology of Late Prehistoric/Early Historic New Mexico

Zooarchaeological meta-analyses hold promise in answering the “big questions” of archaeology, but they are also fraught with methodological peril. In regions with a long history of archaeological research, like the American Southwest, such meta-analyses will invariably involve the use of older collections. These assemblages can pose a challenge for zooarchaeologists: the faunas were often haphazardly and/or inconsistently collected, and documentation of collection methods can be difficult to find (if available at all). In this paper, we illustrate several problems common to older collections using examples from Tijeras Pueblo (LA 581) and Comanche Springs (LA 14904), and explore these issues further through a meta-analysis of the distribution of Old World domestic animal taxa in 17th century New Mexico. We find that while the inclusion of older collections in zooarchaeological meta-analyses poses challenges, if the problems in these data are addressed, such collections can provide useful information.
An Agar-Diffusion Grouping Technic for Beta Hemolytic Streptococci

Agar slides were prepared by means of pipeting 3.5 ml. of melted 3 per cent agar (Difco) in 0.9 per cent NaCl onto ordinary 76- by 26-mm. glass slides. This resulted in a layer 2 to 3 mm. deep. Added preserva­ tives were not found to be necessary. After the agar had set, holes 2 mm. in diameter were punched with a Pasteur pipet that was cut off at the proper level, and the agar cylinders were removed by means of suction. Three sets of holes were made on each slide. A set consisted of 5 equally spaced holes 5 to 6 mm. from a central hole (measurements from center to center). A cardboard template placed under the slide served as a guide for punching the holes. The slides were then stored at 4 C. in a wet chamber. Capillary tubes manipulated with rubber vaccination teats were used to place commercial anti­ serums (B.B.L. or Difco) in the peripheral
The relation between parents' perceptions of temperament and children's adjustment to preschool

The central questions addressed in this article are: (1) Do parents' perceptions of children's temperament, as assessed with the Colorado Childhood Temperament Inventory, predict children's behavioral adjustment in preschool? and (2) Do parents and teachers tend to rate the children similarly on the various aspects of temperament assessed in this study? To address these questions, data were collected on 35 three- to five-year-old children who were attending preschool for the first time. Children who were well adjusted in the preschool setting were perceived by their parents as being high in sociability and low in emotionality; well-adjusted children also received higher scores on soothability and lower scores on activity level from their mothers. Mothers, fathers, and teachers tended to perceive the children somewhat similarly on three aspects of temperament: sociability, emotionality, and activity level.
Understanding Work-to-Family Conflict among Self-employed Workers: Utilising a Cognitive Appraisal Framework

Acknowledging that there is diversity in the nature of work arrangements among the ranks of the self-employed, the authors sought to achieve a better understanding of work–family conflict among sel...