cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
LIFT-OFF BEHAVIOR AND FLAME STRUCTURE OF INTERACTING EDGE FLAMES

Laminar lifted edge flames stabilized above a five-exit slot burner are examined experimentally and numerically. In the present study, partially-premixed methane and air are used in the three-central slots to produce two neighboring edge flames. By controlling the equivalence ratios in the slots, the separation distance between the interacting edge flames is altered. The interaction between the flames is strong enough to prevent the two edges from stabilizing at the same lift-off height, and the separation distance between the edges is found to depend on the total flow rate. In each case studied, multiple stable flame configurations are observed. Particle imaging velocimetry measurements indicate that the divergence around the lower flame edge causes the upper flame to stabilize at an angle and at a velocity larger than the laminar flame speed, presumably due to heat interaction. For very large separation distances, the divergence around the lower flame engulfs the upper flame. Simulations of the same conditions show that the trailing diffusion flame is quenched in the latter case.
Structurally Similar, Thermally Stable Copper(I), Silver(I), and Gold(I) Ethylene Complexes Supported by a Fluorinated Scorpionate

Treatment of Li[PhBH3] with excess 3-(C2F5)PzH led to the B-phenylated tris(pyrazolyl)borate ligand as its lithium salt [PhB(3-(C2F5)Pz)3]Li. This ligand enabled the isolation of thermally stable group 11 metal ethylene adducts [PhB(3-(C2F5)Pz)3]M(C2H4) (M = Au, Ag, Cu). They were characterized by spectroscopy and by X-ray crystallography. These ethylene adducts are structurally similar and feature three-coordinate trigonal-planar metal sites and a κ2-bonded tris(pyrazolyl)borate ligand. They are ideal for examining the trends involving ethylene complexes of the group 11 triad. The ethylene 13C NMR resonance of the [PhB(3-(C2F5)Pz)3]M(C2H4) adducts in C6D12 appear at δ 58.9, 101.6, and 85.5 ppm, respectively, for M = Au, Ag, Cu. The M–C and M–N bond distances are largest in the silver complex and smallest in the copper complex.
Shear Distortion and Failure of Capillary Bridges. Wetting Information Beyond Contact Angle Analysis

Water capillary bridges are prepared that span hydrophilic pinning features on parallel opposing smooth, flat, and hydrophobic surfaces. These bridges are distorted by shearing the parallel plates at a low rate. The capillary bridges lengthen and distort to balance Laplace pressure (equilibrate mean curvature) as the features are separated and eventually rupture at a distance that is a function of the liquid volume, the advancing and receding contact angles of the surfaces, the separation between the parallel surfaces, and in particular, the shape and orientation of the hydrophilic pinning features. Two modes of capillary bridge failure are observed: (1) tensile, in which the capillary bridge breaks to form sessile drops on both the upper and lower surfaces, and (2) sessile, in which sessile capillary bridge rupture occurs on one surface to form a puddle (contact-line-distorted sessile drop) on the feature and a retained capillary bridge spanning the hydrophobic surface and the hydrophilic feature on the ...
Life-Course Transitions Among Adolescents With and Without Disabilities: A Longitudinal Examination of Expectations and Outcomes

Research on adolescents suggests that young people are able to form reasonable expectations about future life-course transitions—and that these expectations are predictive of future outcomes. However, less is known about how these expectations might vary for adolescents with disabilities, who might face additional challenges when transitioning to adulthood. The present study addresses this gap in the literature by using nationally representative data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY97) to suggest that young people's expectations about pregnancy, parenthood, education, and employment do vary according to disability status. Furthermore, disability status conditions the relationship between these expectations and their future outcomes. In general, adolescents with disabilities are more proficient in the prediction of educational outcomes than employment or pregnancy outcomes. However, their expectations about education are significantly lower—and expectations about teenage parenthood much...
Plasma high density lipoprotein concentrations in chronic hemodialysis and renal transplant patients

Abstract Since epidemiologic studies show that the risk of clinically evident atherosclerosis correlates negatively with concentrations of high-density lipoprotein, we sought to determine whether patients on chronic hemodialysis or recipients of renal transplants had alterations in this lipoprotein similar to those described in other disorders associated with accelerated forms of atherosclerosis. High-density-lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in both groups of renal patients were significantly lower than control values (P<0.01), and their ratios of low-density-lipoprotein to high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher (P<0.01) than those observed in both randomly selected controls and in controls matched for plasma lipid levels (control, 2.4±1.2, dialysis, 3.7±2.1, and transplant, 5.4±2.3 mg per 100 ml [mean ±S.D.]). If, as experimental evidence suggests, high-density lipoprotein retards the development of atherosclerosis, and low-density lipoprotein has opposite effects, the highe...
Improving students’ knowledge and values in physical education through Physical Best lessons:

This study examined the effects of using Physical Best lessons to promote adolescent energy balance knowledge and task values. Seventh graders (N = 90) were randomly assigned to the experiment and the comparison groups. The experiment group took 10 selected Physical Best lessons, while the comparison experienced 10 district lessons. Pre- and post-measurements of knowledge and task values were taken at the beginning and the end of the experiment. Analysis of covariance and multivariate analysis of variance were conducted to test the difference over time and between the groups in energy balance knowledge test scores and task values. Both groups improved knowledge test scores, but the experiment group scored significantly higher than the comparison, controlling for the pre-test. The comparison group reported higher initial attainment values which declined over time, while the experiment group increased. The findings suggested that Physical Best lessons were effective (ηp2=.18) in improving students’ energy b...
Varicella Zoster Virus Vasculopathies

The clinical, CSF, imaging, and virological features of varicella zoster virus (VZV) vasculopathies in 30 patients (7 children) are reviewed by researchers at various centers in the US and internationally.
Hierarchical Proportional Routing

We have shown that proportional routing schemes alleviate congestion in the network by distributing load among multiple “good” paths instead of overloading a single “best” path. However these schemes assume that each router in the network is aware of the topology and the state of the whole network. This is referred to as flat routing and under flat routing, each router participates in link state updates and maintains detailed information about the entire network. This introduces significant burden on every router and as the size of the network grows, the overhead at each router increases tremendously. To provide a scalable solution, hierarchical routing is suggested [43, 4] as an alternative to flat routing. To make the proportional routing schemes scale well to large networks we need to extend them to provide hierarchical routing.
Cross‐Section of Expected Returns and Extreme Returns: The Role of Investor Attention and Risk Preferences

Previous work finds a negative and significant relation between the maximum daily return over the past one month and expected future stock returns. We determine that this effect is more pronounced for stocks that achieve their maximum daily returns toward the end of the month and stocks that are associated with capital losses show greater reversals. These results suggest the effect is related to investor attention and risk preferences.
Early warning of water tree presence in long distance underground cable through extrapolation-comparison method

The increasing demand for wind energy has called for new facilities to be constructed at locations that require long distance underground cable connections. Many of these facilities, such as offshore wind farms, are located in high moisture environment. For these facilities, high impedance fault such as water tree becomes a potential hazard in cable maintenance, particular in long distance cables. In this paper, a method is proposed for real time monitoring of potential water tree appearance in the long distance cable. The early warning system assesses the possibility of water tree presence using naturally occurring high frequency waves in the system. The response of the high frequency wave is subjected to an extrapolation-comparison method. The early warning system determines if the pulse response contains deviations indicating potential water tree presence. The system process is demonstrated through a 3 kHz pulse. The response for the proposed system is observed.
Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic considerations in the treatment of critically Ill patients infected with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are an emerging healthcare crisis. Infections due to CRE are associated with high morbidity and mortality, especially in critically ill patients. Due to the multi-drug resistant nature of these infections only limited treatment options are available. Antimicrobials that have been described for the treatment of CRE infections include carbapenems, polymyxins, fosfomycin, tigecycline, aminoglycosides, and ceftazidime-avibactam. Given the limited treatment options it is imperative the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) characteristics of these agents are considered to optimize treatment regimens. This review will focus on the PK-PD challenges of the current treatment options for CRE infections.
Cervical spinal root cavernoma: case report and review

AbstractAim: Cavernous malformations in the spinal canal are rare. We review previous reports and present our own case of a cervical intradural extramedullary cavernoma, associated with a ventral cervical rootlet.Methods: A 65 year old woman presented with radicular pain and paresthesias of the neck and right arm. PubMed search was used to compare her case to those previously published.Results: The cavernoma was successfully removed with excellent recovery and no deficits. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis.Conclusion: Gross total resection of symptomatic lesions continues to be the recommended approach, and resection outcomes have restored function in all cases but one, where the deficit persisted.
A Vivaldi antenna based W-band MUTC photodiode driven radiator

Microwave photonic radiators provide wide bandwidths and high powers at mm-wave frequencies that can be utilized in extremely high throughput wireless communications, and high resolution millimeter wave imaging systems where their rugged, compact designs enable integration into large scale millimeter wave phased arrays. This work presents the design, implementation and measurement of a millimeter wave radiator that demonstrates high frequency, high effective isotropic radiated power operation. It utilizes a wideband Vivaldi antenna sandwiched between AlN substrates as well as a high power, high frequency modified uni-traveling carrier (MUTC) photodetector that provides high output power levels above 100GHz. Additionally, the end lire beams characteristic of 2D tapered slotlines such as the Vivaldi are amenable to implementation in antenna arrays. The antenna was designed and simulated in HFSS, where its impedance was optimized for integration with a MUTC photodetector for operation between 100 and 110 GHz. The radiator presented achieves a measured effective isotropic radiated power of −1.5 dBm driven by an unsaturated photodetector with a 6 dB bandwidth of 14 GHz without the use of a silicon lens or a 3D horn antenna.
Misconceptions About Casinos and Economic Growth

The economic effects of the casino industry have been examined in a number of US states and regions, and in other countries, by a number of authors. Despite the volume of studies on the effects of gambling, there is no consensus among researchers. Indeed, the economic impacts of casinos are to some extent market specific and vary by the type of casino (e.g., destination resort, riverboat). This chapter focuses on different arguments related to the economic growth effects of casino gambling, with a specific focus on some fallacious arguments that continue to arise in the literature and in political debate. The goal of the discussion in this chapter is to set these arguments in the context of a mainstream economic perspective on exchange and economic growth.
Comparison of phytohormone levels and transcript profiles during seasonal dormancy transitions in underground adventitious buds of leafy spurge

Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) is an herbaceous perennial weed that maintains its perennial growth habit through generation of underground adventitious buds (UABs) on the crown and lateral roots. These UABs undergo seasonal phases of dormancy under natural conditions, namely para-, endo-, and ecodormancy in summer, fall, and winter, respectively. These dormancy phases can also be induced in growth chambers by manipulating photoperiod and temperature. In this study, UABs induced into the three phases of dormancy under controlled conditions were used to compare changes in phytohormone and transcriptome profiles. Results indicated that relatively high levels of ABA, the ABA metabolite PA, and IAA were found in paradormant buds. When UABs transitioned from para- to endodormancy, ABA and PA levels decreased, whereas IAA levels were maintained. Additionally, transcript profiles associated with regulation of soluble sugars and ethylene activities were also increased during para- to endodormancy transition, which may play some role in maintaining endodormancy status. When crown buds transitioned from endo- to ecodormancy, the ABA metabolites PA and DPA decreased significantly along with the down-regulation of ABA biosynthesis genes, ABA2 and NCED3. IAA levels were also significantly lower in ecodormant buds than that of endodormant buds. We hypothesize that extended cold treatment may trigger physiological stress in endodormant buds, and that these stress-associated signals induced the endo- to ecodormancy transition and growth competence. The up-regulation of NAD/NADH phosphorylation and dephosphorylation pathway, and MAF3-like and GRFs genes, may be considered as markers of growth competency.
Abstract WP103: Mitochondrial/endoplasmic Reticulum Dysfunction Exacerbates Oxidative Damage in Aging White Matter Ischemia

White matter (WM) is frequently affected by stroke. Aging WM recovers less following stroke compared to younger WM. Free radicals accumulate with aging resulting in increased oxidative stress. Mito...
Synthetic Modularity of Protein-Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Previously, we adopted the construction principles of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) to design a 3D crystalline protein lattice in which pseudospherical ferritin nodes decorated on their C3 symmetric vertices with Zn coordination sites were connected via a ditopic benzene-dihydroxamate linker. In this work, we have systematically varied both the metal ions presented at the vertices of the ferritin nodes (Zn(II), Ni(II), and Co(II)) and the synthetic dihydroxamate linkers, which yielded an expanded library of 15 ferritin–MOFs with the expected body-centered (cubic or tetragonal) lattice arrangements. Crystallographic and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analyses indicate that lattice symmetries and dimensions of ferritin–MOFs can be dictated by both the metal and linker components. SAXS measurements on bulk crystalline samples reveal that some ferritin–MOFs can adopt multiple lattice conformations, suggesting dynamic behavior. This work establishes that the self-assembly of ferritin–MOFs is highly robu...
The Written Eloquence of Frate Cipolla (Decameron Vi, 10)

Most studies of Decameron, Day Six, focus on the triumphant oratorical display of Frate Cipolla. He is described as an excellent speaker with rhetorical abilities that rival Cicero or Quintilian. His command of the spoken language is the principle source of humor in the tale and is necessary to extricating himself from potential embarassment or harm.
LIBS: A Lightweight and Inexpensive In-Ear Sensing System for Automatic Whole-Night Sleep Stage Monitoring

Excerpted from "A Lightweight and Inexpensive In-ear Sensing System For Automatic Whole-night Sleep Stage Monitoring," from ACM SenSys 2016, Proceedings of the 14th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems, with permission. http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2994562 ACM 2016
Novel murine model for delayed wound healing using a biological wound dressing with Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms

Abstract Bacterial biofilms impair healing in 60% of chronic skin wounds. Various animal models (mice, rats, rabbits, and pigs) have been developed to replicate biofilm infected wounds in vivo. We developed a sustained wound infection model by applying preformed Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms on a wound dressing to full-thickness murine skin wounds. We bathed a commercially available wound dressing in P. aeruginosa for 48 h, allowing a biofilm to establish on the dressing prior to application to the wound. Dressings were removed from the wounds after 3 days at which time the wound beds contained ∼108 bacterial cells per gram tissue. Significant numbers of P. aeruginosa persisted within the skin wounds for up to 21 days. Un-inoculated wounds reached closure between 9 and 12 days. In contrast, biofilm-inoculated wounds achieved closure between 18 and 21 days. Histologic analysis confirmed decreased re-epithelialization and collagen deposition, coupled with increased inflammation, in the biofilm-inoculated wounds compared to un-inoculated controls. This novel model of delayed healing and persistent infection of full-thickness murine skin wounds may provide a robust in vivo system in which to test novel treatments to prevent wound infection by bacterial biofilms.
Mobility and Vitality Lifestyle Program (MOVE UP): A Community Health Worker Intervention for Older Adults With Obesity to Improve Weight, Health, and Physical Function.

Background and objectives Obesity rates in adults ≥65 years have increased more than other age groups in the last decade, elevating risk for chronic disease and poor physical function, particularly in underserved racial and ethnic minorities. Effective, sustainable lifestyle interventions are needed to help community-based older adults prevent or delay mobility disability. Design, baseline recruitment, and implementation features of the Mobility and Vitality Lifestyle Program (MOVE UP) study are reported. Research design and methods MOVE UP aimed to recruit 26 intervention sites in underserved areas around Allegheny County, Pennsylvania and train a similar number of community health workers to deliver a manualized intervention to groups of approximately 12 participants in each location. We adapted a 13-month healthy aging/weight management intervention aligned with several evidence-based lifestyle modification programs. A nonrandomized, pre-post design was used to measure intervention impact on physical function performance, the primary study endpoint. Secondary outcomes included weight, self-reported physical activity and dietary changes, exercise self-efficacy, health status, health-related quality of life, and accelerometry in a subsample. Results Of 58 community-based organizations approached, nearly half engaged with MOVE UP. Facilities included neighborhood community centers (25%), YMCAs (25%), senior service centers (20%), libraries (18%), senior living residences (6%), and churches (6%). Of 24 site-based cohorts with baseline data completed through November 2017, 21 community health workers were recruited and trained to implement the standardized intervention, and 287 participants were enrolled (mean age 68 years, 89% female, 33% African American, other, or more than one race). Discussion and implications The MOVE UP translational recruitment, training, and intervention approach is feasible and could be generalizable to diverse aging individuals with obesity and a variety of baseline medical conditions. Additional data regarding strategies for program sustainability considering program cost, organizational capacity, and other adaptations will inform public health dissemination efforts.
MODELING OF CARBON NANOTUBES AND THEIR COMPOSITES

This paper reviews recent advancements in the multiscale modeling of carbon nanotubes and their composites. The basic modeling tool is the molecular structural mechanics method developed by the authors, which has been successfully applied to simulate the static and dynamics properties of carbon nanotubes. Then, the nanotube/polymer composite is analyzed by combining the continuum finite element method and the molecular structural mechanics approach. Finally, the potential application of molecular structural mechanics for studying the thermal properties of nanotubes and composites is introduced.
Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor Recognition Sites in Brain

Nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the mammalian central nervous system have eluded the exquisitely detailed characterization that has been achieved for the nicotinic receptors in the electric organs of fish and in the mammalian neuromuscular junction. Although radioactively labeled alpha-bungarotoxin -which has been instrumental in studies of the electric organ and muscle receptor -binds to sites in mammalian brain, the toxin itself does not appear to affect nicotinic cholinergic receptor mediated neurotransmission in the mammalian CNS, and the binding sites in brain do not appear to have certain characteristics expected of a functional nicotinic cholinergic receptor (Duggan et al., 1976a; 1976b; Carbonetto et al., 1978). The lack of a suitable probe for the CNS nicotinic cholinergic receptor has been a major obstacle to understanding the molecular pharmacology and neurobiology of these receptors, their effector mechanisms, their regulation, and their possible role in physiological and pathophysiological processes.
Regulation of Macromolecular Synthesis in Morris Hepatomas

In this review, some studies are discussed in which an attempt has been made to determine the nature of changes in macromolecular synthesis in Morris hepatomas. The incorporation of isotope labeled precursors into nucleic acids and proteins has suggested greatly increased rates of DNA synthesis in comparison with rat liver of normal and tumor bearing rats, but for RNA and proteins the changes may be impressive for individual macromolecular species but total synthesis is not greatly changed. Fractionation of nuclear proteins has indicated altered patterns of synthesis which are related to the growth rates of the tumors and are much more pronounced than in regenerating liver despite a growth rate similar to that of the most rapidly growing hepatomas. Investigations with drugs which inhibit synthesis of macromolecules has suggested that liver neoplasia may be accompanied by changes in response which may make the tumor less sensitive or more sensitive to regulation than the tissue of origin.
High-fidelity image-based computer modeling of voice production—From muscle contraction to flow-structure-acoustics interaction

This study aims to develop a high-fidelity computer model of voice production which can employ the image-based realistic three-dimensional geometries of larynges and simulate the complex mechanical process of voice production and control, from muscle contraction to flow-structure-acoustics interactions. Such a model will advance our understanding of the relationship between muscle contraction, vocal fold posturing, vocal fold vibration, and final voice outcome, which has important clinical implications for voice management, training, and treatment. The key components of the model include a sharp-interface-immersed-boundary-method based impressible flow model, a finite-element method based nonlinear structural dynamics model and a hydrodynamics/acoustics splitting method based acoustics model. A Hill-based contractile model is coupled in the finite element analysis to capture the active response of vocal fold tissues, and a fiber-reinforced model is employed for the passive response. A series of validations have been performed. The coupled Hill-based model and fiber-reinforced model demonstrated a good agreement with literature experimental data for dynamics, concurrent tissue stimulation, and stretching. The flow-structure-acoustics interaction model was validated with excised canine experiments using realistic geometric and material properties. The simulations showed a good agreement on the fundamental frequency, vocal fold maximum divergent angle, flow rate, and intraglottal velocity and pressure fields.
Bisphosphonate utilization among men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

e16088 Background: National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend monthly zoledronic acid in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer to prevent SREs. We assessed adherence to guid...
EPA in the Trump Era: The Superfund Enforcement Initiative

Unlike other areas, the Trump-Pruitt EPA has been especially aggressive in accelerating clean-ups at Superfund sites, particularly in using - and possibly misusing - unilateral administrative orders (UAOs) issued without a hearing.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the novel Nrf2 activator omaveloxolone in primates.

Background Omaveloxolone is a synthetic oleanane triterpenoid that pharmacologically activates Nrf2, a master transcription factor that regulates genes with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and mitochondrial bioenergetic properties, and is being evaluated in patients with Friedreich's ataxia. Methods The present study evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and tissue distribution of omaveloxolone in monkeys after single and multiple oral doses, and then compared these data to initial results in Friedreich's ataxia patients. Pharmacodynamic (PD) evaluations in monkeys consisted of Nrf2 target gene mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), liver, lung, and brain. A PK/PD model was generated with the monkey data, and used to further evaluate the Friedreich's ataxia patient PK profile. Results Oral administration of omaveloxolone to monkeys was associated with dose-linear plasma PK and readily measureable and dose-proportional concentrations in liver, lung, and brain. Dose-dependent induction of Nrf2 target genes in PBMCs and tissues was also observed. Clinically, oral administration of omaveloxolone to Friedreich's ataxia patients at incremental doses from 2.5 to 300 mg produced dose-proportional systemic exposures. Clinical doses of at least 80 mg were associated with meaningful improvements in neurological function in patients and generated plasma omaveloxolone concentrations consistent with those significantly inducing Nrf2 target genes in monkeys, as shown with the monkey PK/PD model. Conclusion Overall, the monkey data demonstrate a well-characterized and dose-proportional PK and tissue distribution profile after oral administration of omaveloxolone, which was associated with Nrf2 activation. Further, systemic exposures to omaveloxolone that produce Nrf2 activation in monkeys were readily achievable in Friedreich's ataxia patients after oral administration.
Stereoselective synthesis of the octahydronaphthalene unit of integramycin via an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction.

The racemic cis-decalin core fragment 30 of integramycin was synthesized by a sequence involving a highly diastereoselective intramolecular Diels−Alder reaction of triene 24. A remarkable switch in stereoselectivity occurred upon changing the dienophile unit of 24 from (Z)- to (E)-geometry.
Randomness, Normality, and Hypothesis Testing: Experiences for the Statistics Class.

These three questions appear to be sepa rate and somewhat unrelated; however, all three can be investigated using a single set of data. To accomplish this, we first gener ated 1000 supposedly random numbers be tween 0 and 19 inclusive, designating the set S as (0, 1, 2,..., 19}. The numbers were generated using a hand-held calcu lator with a random number key. (A com puter could also have been used to generate the numbers.) The calculator actually pro duced random numbers between 0 and 99 inclusive; we reduced them modulo 20 so as to produce numbers in the smaller range. Table 1 represents these 10?K) numbers in 200 sets of five. The mean of each set is written in parentheses.
Mucormycosis: “There’s a Fungus Among Us!”

Mucormycosis is a rare but devastating fungal infection with a high mortality rate. It is caused by fungal pathogens, most commonly Rhizopus species. Early in the course of infection, this can be an almost impossible diagnosis. When the presence of necrotic tissues and systemic sign of infection become manifest, especially in an immunocompromised patient, mucormycosis must be considered.
Correlation approach for quality assurance of additive manufactured parts based on optical metrology

Abstract Surface topography and surface finish are two significant factors for evaluating the quality of products in additive manufacturing (AM). AM parts are fabricated layer by layer, which is quite different from traditional formative or subtractive methods. Despite rapid progress in additive manufacturing and associated optical metrology for quality control and in-situ monitoring, limited research has been conducted to investigate the reliability of 3D surface measurement data. The surface topologies scanned by multiple optical systems demonstrated significant differences due to varying sampling mechanisms, resolutions, system noises, etc. The 3D datasets should be trustworthy in order to extract parameters for quality assurance or feedback control from 3D surface measurements. In this paper, we set up new standards to evaluate the reliability of 3D surface measurement data and analyze the variation in the topographical profile. In this study, two non-contact optical methods based on Focus Variation Microscopy (FVM) and Structured Light System (SLS) were adopted to measure the surface topography of the target components. The two optical metrology systems generated two entirely different point cloud datasets. Statistical methods were applied to test the difference between the data obtained from the two systems. By using data analytics approach for comparison, it was found that the surface roughness estimated from the point cloud data sets of FVM and SLS has no significant difference, though the point cloud data sets were completely different. This paper provides standard validation approach to evaluate the plausibility of metrology data from in-situ real-time surface analysis for process planning of AM.
Ricordi della guerra italo-ottomana: la Libia coloniale vista da un giornalista francese

Recensione di: Pierre Schill (ed.), Reveiller l’archive d'une guerre coloniale. Photographies et ecrits de Gaston Cherau correspondant de guerre en Libye (1911-1912), Paris, CreaphisEditions 2018, 480 pp., ISBN: 9782354281410, 35 €.
Overlapping but Distinct Sequences Play Roles in the Insulator and Promoter Activities of the Drosophila BEAF-Dependent scs’ Insulator

Chromatin domain insulators are thought to help partition the genome into genetic units called topologically associating domains (TADs). In Drosophila, TADs are often separated by inter-TAD regions containing active housekeeping genes and associated insulator binding proteins. This raises the question of whether insulator binding proteins are involved primarily in chromosomal TAD architecture or gene activation, or if these two activities are linked. The Boundary Element-Associated Factor of 32 kDa (BEAF-32, or BEAF for short) is usually found in inter-TADs. BEAF was discovered based on binding to the scs’ insulator, and is important for the insulator activity of scs’ and other BEAF binding sites. There are divergent promoters in scs’ with a BEAF binding site by each. Here, we dissect the scs’ insulator to identify DNA sequences important for insulator and promoter activity, focusing on the half of scs’ with a high affinity BEAF binding site. We find that the BEAF binding site is important for both insulator and promoter activity, as is another sequence we refer to as LS4. Aside from that, different sequences play roles in insulator and promoter activity. So while there is overlap and BEAF is important for both, insulator and promoter activity can be separated.
Understanding human disease in the post-genomic era

Summary Molecular pathology represents the application of the principles of basic molecular biology to the investigation of human disease processes. Many genetic diseases have now been characterized that result from the mutation of a single gene or are associated with a specific chromosomal rearrangement. These genetic diseases include sickle-cell anemia, hemophilia, cystic fibrosis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Tay-Sachs disease, Down syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Wilms tumor, Prader–Willi syndrome, Angelman syndrome, and many others. Our current understanding of the molecular basis of these diseases can be attributed, at least in part, to the complete sequencing of the human genome. Our ever broadening insights into the molecular basis of disease processes continues to provide an opportunity for the clinical laboratory to develop and implement new and novel approaches for diagnosis and prognostic assessment of human disease.
A New Event-Triggering Approach for Scheduling Guidance Data Transmissions in Networked Control Systems †

In this paper, a new event-triggering approach for guidance data scheduling between an operator (such as a ground station) and a controlled dynamical system (such as a vehicle equipped with feedback algorithm) over a network is proposed. Specifically, we explore three event-triggering rules based on an error signal constructed from the state of a reference model that is accessible to the operator and the guidance commands. The first rule is a standard one in the literature in which data exchanged over the network is the sampled points of the guidance command. Unlike existing results in the literature, in the second and third rule, data exchanged over the network is the approximated curve-fitted guidance command functions and the exact guidance command functions, respectively. Finally, our contribution is validated through an illustrative numerical example.
Natural Inhibitors of Formation and Dissolution of Stone Minerals

In assessing the inhibitory activity of urine, seeded COM mineralization experiments are usually made in the presence of high urine dilutions (typically 100-fold) but there is some question as to whether these results can be extrapolated to in vivo conditions1,2. In our laboratory, by using a calcium-specific ion electrode protected from the poisoning effects of urinary macromolecules by means of a dialysis membrane, it is now possible to measure rates of mineralization and demineralization of stone components in whole urines with a precision hitherto unattainable.
Cognitive-Behavioral, Rational-Emotive Treatment of Childhood Anger and Conduct Problems

This chapter describes a contextual social-cognitive conceptualization of serious levels of anger and conduct problems in children and clinical approaches toward assessment and intervention. These problems can present clinically as oppositional defiant disorder or as conduct disorder, but subclinical levels of anger and aggression are predictive of negative adolescent outcomes and are of concern as well. The chapter overviews intervention research for children with aggressive behavior problems, noting positive effects in randomized trials for cognitive-behavioral therapies and rational-emotive therapies for children and adolescents. Several examples of efficacious programs are noted, including Coping Power. The treatment aims for cognitive-behavioral and rational-emotive therapies are described, emphasizing a focus on faulty beliefs, emotional regulation abilities, perspective-taking, and social problem-solving. A case study illustrates how Coping Power was conducted with a 10-year-old boy. The chapter concludes with a section describing how these intervention approaches can be used at a universal level (Tier 1) and in targeted prevention programs (Tier 2) in school settings and several examples about adaptations for disadvantaged children in schools.
Enhanced Gain and Bandwidth of Single Magneto-Electric Dipole Antenna at 60 GHz Using Double Superstrates

A single element of magneto-electric dipoles (ME) with a double superstrate layer is presented. The ME element is fed using microstrip ridge gap waveguide (MRGW) technology for 60 GHz band applications. The simulated results showed that a 21.6% impedance bandwidth ( $2\times 2$ arrays using the same element. The increase of the gain is covered the whole frequency band with gain-bandwidth 21.6% (> 14dBi).
Ultrasonic Measurements on Single Crystals

A pulse technique at 10 Mc/sec. has been used to measure acoustic velocity and attenuation of several alkali halides and Rochelle salt. Values for the elastic moduli of LiF, NaCl, BRr, and KI have been determined. The attenuation of the ultrasonic beam in these media is small. Corresponding measurements on the elastic moduli of Rochelle salt are reported. Under the assumption of plane wave transmission many of these moduli automatically correspond to those measured on foiled crystals by other methods. Attenuation is considerable in Rochelle salt, and appears to be excessively high for transmission involving the temperature-dependent ${c}_{44}$ (foiled case). Where this modulus is involved marked effects have been observed from electric bias and mechanical pressure. A complete set of elastic moduli has been obtained and used to calculate the corresponding values for the moduli of compliance.
Good Versus Evil in Max’s Lucha Libre Adventures Series (2011–2020) by Xavier Garza

Xavier Garza’s four-book series Max’s Lucha Libre Adventures, published from 2011 to 2020, both reinforces and questions the dichotomy of good and evil. The doppelganger figure of the Fallen Angel functions as a final opponent for the Guardian Angel, the uncle of adolescent protagonist Maximilian. Garza dramatizes the performative nature of virtue and villainy through rivalries and wrestling scenarios in which tecnicos battle rudos. This bilingually published series written for intermediate readers holds literary significance and contributes to the popular global phenomenon of lucha libre.
Marginalization on Bifurcation Diagrams: A New Perspective on Infinite-Horizon Prediction

This work addresses the problem of accurate infinite-horizon forecasting of dynamical systems with uncertain parameters. We introduce an intermediate representation of the probability distribution though the marginalization onto the sparse bifurcation structure of an ordinary differential equation (ODE) through integration over regions of attraction. With operations on this representation naturally completed in the space of parameter and state, metrics for the space of limiting behavior can be directly applied. Both limit points and limit cycles are investigated using the Hausdorff distance to treat them in a unified manner. The technique is further applied to stability detection, resulting in a likelihood ratio test.
Identifying important skills and competencies needed for new Florida agriculture extension agents

The onboarding needs of Extension agents is a topic continuously discussed and researched, yet overwhelmed agents persist, suggesting that there is a missing link. We undertook a study to determine the competency training needs of newly hired agricultural agents in Florida. Two assessments were performed. First to identify main agriculture skills and competencies for new agriculture Extension. Those competencies where then classified into main domains and interviewees were asked to rank in order of importance in each group. Data were collected via an online survey of the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Extension agents working under the agriculture program area. Agents needed training in specific agricultural competencies related to every-day work activities such as soil sampling, diagnostic skills, educational resource utilization, and relationship building. Although we assume that, based on job requirements, newly hired agents will enter Extension with such knowledge, results suggest an agriculture specific training is needed to meet the onboarding needs of new agents. Our study identified the priority needs for developing an onboarding program that establishes a level of standard knowledge. Those findings will serve to enhance onboarding training for new Extension professionals.
5 – Stress Analysis in Two-Dimensional Problems

The chapter presents stress analysis in two-dimensional problems, and a function—pristress—for determining principal stresses and maximum shear stress and for plotting Mohr's circle. A plane-strained element is subjected to two components of normal strain and one component of shear strain, where normal strains are because of the changes in length, while the shear strain is because of the relative rotation of two adjacent sides of the element. Normal strains are positive if they cause elongation along the x and y axes, respectively. Shear strain is positive if angle α of an element is less than 90°. Strain components are length ratios and thus are dimensionless. In-plane strain transformation, principal strain, and maximum shear strain can be presented graphically in Mohr's circle, where the horizontal axis represents the normal strain and the downward vertical axis represents half of the shear strain, and angles are measured in the counterclockwise direction.
Customer Coalitions in Electronic Markets

In the last few years, the electronic marketplace has witnessed an exponential growth in worth and size, and projections are for this trend to intensify in coming years. Yet, the tools available to market players are very limited, thus imposing restrictions on their ability to exploit market opportunities. While the Internet offers great possibilities for creation of spontaneous communities, this potential has not been explored as a means for creating economies of scale among similar-minded customers. In this paper, we report on coalition formation as a means to formation of groups of customers coming together to procure goods at a volume discount ("buying clubs") and economic incentives for creation of such groups. We also present a flexible test-bed system that is used to implement and test coalition formation and multilateral negotiation protocols, and show use of the test-bed system as a tool for implementation of a real-world "buying club".
VULCANS AND JUTES: CUBAN FRATERNITIES AND THEIR DISAPPEARANCE

Formation of gangs usually has involved two themes: lack of opportunities for youth and cultural context of youths' activities. Although practically all studies of gangs address how they form and attract new members, none have addressed how gangs disappear. Formation of Cuban youth gangs or "fraternities" exemplifies how gangs may form and disintegrate as immigrants establish resources for channeling youth into positive roles. Cuban exiles in Miami between 1959 and 1980 experienced difficulties similar to those experienced by other immigrant groups arriving in the United States during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Family disruption, arduous work schedules, friction with neighbors of contrasting ethnicity, and struggles with a new language characterized their stresses in exile. Formation of gangs followed, as it often does, but these gangs died out by 1978. Reasons for disappearance of Vulcans and Jutes included establishment of true economic power and prosperity within the Cuban exile community and provision of productive roles for youth who otherwise would have been involved in gangs. This experience provides suggestions for addressing gang related problems in other ethnic minorities.
Cluster Analysis and Lumpability of Large Linear Systems

We consider the use of clustering algorithms for sorting the states of a large linear system into a small number of lumped states which serve as the basis for a low order model. Cluster analysis facilitates identification of a hierarchy of reduced order models which represent nearly or exactly lumpable partitions of the underlying state set. Critera for exact and approximate lumpability will be examined in the context of particular examples of large systems.
Dynamic Analysis of Beams

In this chapter, we shall study the dynamic behavior of structures designated as beams, that is, structures that carry loads that are mainly transverse to the longitudinal direction, thus producing flexural stresses and lateral displacements. We begin by establishing the static characteristics for a beam segment; and then introduce the dynamic effects produced by the inertial forces. Two approximate methods are presented to take into account the inertial effect in the structure: 1) the lumped mass method in which the distributed mass is assigned to point masses, and 2) the consistent mass method in which the assignment to point masses includes rotational effects. The latter method is consistent with the static deflections of the beam. In Part IV on Special Topics the exact theory for dynamics of beams considering the elastic and inertial distributed properties will be presented.
Nickel-rich layered LiNi1−xMxO2 (M = Mn, Fe, and Co) electrocatalysts with high oxygen evolution reaction activity

An understanding of the materials characteristics that lead to high electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is needed to make electrolytic hydrogen fuel production and rechargeable metal-air batteries a reality. Here, the first systematic investigation of a family of Ni-rich layered LiNi1−xMxO2 (M = Mn, Fe, and Co) oxides reveals that the catalytic activity can be tuned by varying the Ni content, nature of the transition-metal dopant, lithium content, and degree of cation ordering between Li and Ni/M. In particular, Fe-doping in LiNi1−xMxO2 imparts the most dramatic improvements in OER activity, possibly due to the flexibility of Fe to adopt different coordination geometries on the surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) data reveal that the surface of the Fe-doped sample is enriched with Fe while ex situ Raman spectroscopy indicates that the layered morphology is preserved during electrochemical cycling, but the cation disorder increases. Among the various LiNi1−xMxO2 compositions investigated, LiNi0.7Co0.3Fe0.2O2 exhibits the highest OER activity, which increases further when excess lithium and oxygen vacancies are present, and good stability. The Ni-rich LiNi1−xMxO2 samples join a growing number of highly active iron-doped systems for OER electrocatalysis in alkaline conditions.
Broadcasting versus narrowcasting

Abstract In this paper, we identify the characteristics of TV programs which make the programs more likely to be broadcast than to be shown on pay channels. One characteristic we focus on is the degree of extensiveness of the market. An extensive (intensive, respectively) market is a broad but shallow (narrow but deep, respectively) one. We find that a program is more likely to be broadcast as the market is more extensive. We also investigate which one between broadcasting and pay TV is the more desirable outlet for programs of different characteristics from the welfare point of view.