cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Normalization of coronary microvascular reactivity and improvement in myocardial perfusion by surgical vascular endothelial growth factor therapy combined with oral supplementation of l-arginine in a porcine model of endothelial dysfunction

Objective Vascular endothelial growth factor acts in part through nitric oxide release, the availability of which is decreased in endothelial dysfunction associated with advanced coronary artery disease. This could explain the relatively disappointing results of vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in clinical studies compared with animal studies. We examined the influence of l-arginine supplementation to vascular endothelial growth factor therapy on myocardial microvascular reactivity and perfusion in a porcine model of endothelial dysfunction. Methods Twenty-four pigs were fed either a normal (NORM, n=8) or high-cholesterol diet with (CHOL-ARG, n=8) or without (CHOL, n=8) l-arginine. All pigs underwent ameroid placement on the circumflex artery and then 3 weeks later received surgical vascular endothelial growth factor treatment. Four weeks after treatment, endothelial-dependent coronary microvascular responses and lateral myocardial perfusion were assessed. Endothelial cell density was determined by means of immunohistochemistry. Vascular endothelial growth factor, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and Akt levels were determined by means of immunoblotting. Results Pigs from the CHOL group showed endothelial dysfunction in the circumflex territory, which was normalized by l-arginine supplementation. Vascular endothelial growth factor treatment was ineffective in the CHOL group (circumflex/left anterior descending coronary artery blood flow ratios: 0.95 [rest] and 0.74 [pace] before-after treatment; P P Conclusions l-Arginine supplementation can restore normal endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and angiogenic response to vascular endothelial growth factor in a swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia with hypercholesterolemia-induced endothelial dysfunction. These findings suggest a putative role for l-arginine in combination with vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for end-stage coronary artery disease.
A comparison of gas velocity measurements in a full-scale enclosure fire

Abstract Gas velocity measurements were conducted in the doorway of an enclosure containing a natural gas fire. Two independent measurement techniques, Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) and bi-directional impact-pressure probes, were utilized for comparison – the first such comparison for a fire-induced flow in a full-scale structural fire. Gas velocities inferred from the bi-directional probe measurements were consistently greater than SPIV measurements in a region of the flow between the floor and the flow interface. The comparison revealed that a measurement bias exists in the bi-directional probe technique. Estimates of the relative magnitude of the bias were inferred from the results.
Prolonged survival with good functional recovery in 3 patients with computed tomographic evidence of brain stem hemorrhage.

Abstract The clinical and CT findings in three patients with primary brain stem hemorrhage with prolonged survival and good functional recovery were reviewed. Based upon the clinical findings, differentiation from brain stem infarct was difficult in these cases prior to the diagnosis by CT.
THE SOLUBLE MALARIAL ANTIGEN IN THE SERUM OF MONKEYS INFECTED WITH PLASMODIUM KNOWLESI

A soluble malarial antigen which fixes complement with immune serum is found in the serum of monkeys infected with Plasmodium knowlesi . The amount of antigen in the serum is related to the parasite count during the acute phase of the infection. The antigen is not excreted in the urine. Intravenous injection into normal monkeys of serum containing the antigen stimulates the production of specific complement-fixing antibodies which react with antigens extracted from parasitized cells, as well as with the antigen present in serum obtained during the acute phase of infection. Monkeys immunized with serum antigen apparently possess very little or no immunity to infection. The soluble malarial antigen is labile to acids and alkalies, is not destroyed by a temperature of 56°C., and is precipitated, for the most part, in the albumin fraction of the serum by ammonium sulfate.
Reconciling the Differences Between the “Gender-Responsive” and the “What Works” Literatures to Improve Services for Girls

Recent increases in the delinquency and incarceration of girls have prompted juvenile justice professionals to search for effective, gender-specific prevention and treatment strategies. Given the dearth of research on girls' programming, these professionals are often left to sort out discrepancies between two major bodies of literature that address the needs of delinquent girls—the “what works” literature and the “gender-responsive” literature. This article culls the best of what is available within both these bodies of literature and suggests programmatic elements deemed essential for working effectively with girls.
Impression recovery of amorphous polymers

The impression made by a loaded cylindrical flat-end punch on a polymer surface was observed to disappear with time at the same temperature after the load was removed. The depth-time relation appeared to obey second order kinetics. The temperature dependence of the rate constant shows two consecutive processes with activation energies, 906 kJ/mole (between 143 and 147°C) and 91 kJ/mole (between 150 and 160°C) for PC (Tg is at about 146°C) and 440 kJ/mole (between 104 and 110°C) and 95 kJ/mole (between 115 and 140°C) for PMMA (Tg is at about 112°C). These activation energies are probably associated with the motion and annihilation of conformational or structural defects of opposite signs. This kind of shape memory phenomena may be general for all amorphous polymers.
Series switch compatible with CMOS technology

Series MEMS switches with metal-to-metal contact have been fabricated to operate from DC to 40 GHz. Parylene is used as the structure material and polyamide as the sacrificial layer The mechanical structure is of bridge type. The measured insertion loss is less than 0.5 dB from DC to 40 GHz, when switch is on. The isolation ranges from 40 dB at 2 GHz to 15 dB at 40 GHz, when the switch is off. A new way of planarizing the circuit surface was presented.
Unexpected ventricular tachyarrhythmias soon after cardiac surgery.

Abstract Cardiac arrest due to ventricular tachyarrhythmia occurring after cardiac surgery is a rare but catastrophic event. When arrhythmia is clearly precipitated by perioperative myocardial infarction, hemodynamic instability or electrolyte derangement, the therapeutic approach is dictated by these circumstances. However, often an etiology is not readily apparent, and little has been published to guide the management of such patients. 1,2 This report provides additional clinical information on the occurrence of postoperative sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias and describes an approach to differentiating patients with arrhythmias due to transient conditions from those with a persistent substrate and long-term arrhythmic susceptibility.
Ultraviolet Instrumentation for Celescope—An Astrophysical Reconnaissance Satellite

Project Celescope of Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory is designing, as part of NASA’s Orbiting Astronomical Observatories program, instrumentation for mapping the sky in wavelengths between 1000 and 3000 A. The Celescope will consist of three telescopes and a slitless spectroscope. Each telescope will consist of a Schwarzschild camera with ultraviolet-sensitive television camera tube at the focus; three different wavelength bands will be covered by use of television tubes of different spectral sensitivities. The slitless spectroscope will consist of a diffraction grating ruled onto the primary of a similar Schwarzschild camera. The optical structure will be self-compensating, eliminating the need for refocusing in orbit. Calibration lamps will be carried on board the satellite to transfer the laboratory calibration to the sky. This system is scheduled to be contained in the first OAO, to be launched in late 1963 or 1964.
Is Grameen Lending Efficient? Repayment Incentives and Insurance in Village Economies

Many believe that a key innovation by the Grameen Bank is to encourage borrowers to help each other in hard times. To analyse this, we study a mechanism design problem where borrowers share information about each other, but their limited side contracting ability prevents them from writing complete insurance contracts. We derive a lending mechanism which efficiently induces mutual insurance. It is necessary for borrowers to submit reports about each other to achieve efficiency. Such cross-reporting increases the bargaining power of unsuccessful borrowers, and is robust to collusion against the bank. Copyright 2004, Wiley-Blackwell.
Reusable functional composition patterns for Web services

Developers write Web service composition programs in terms of functionalities (e.g., "WebSearch") to postpone choosing which services of the same functionality to invoke (Google or Yahoo). We provide a higher level of abstraction than this for higher reuse. We express high-level "patterns" (e.g., "SearchAndCollectData") as both objects that can be "specialized" to particular applications ("SearchAnd-DownloadPapers" vs. "SearchAndAddBooksInCart") and objects that are reusable in the construction of higher-level ones. Our approach lets developers write patterns in terms of high-level functionalities (e.g., "CollectData ") and later decide on services to compose that have lower-level functionalities (e.g., "DownloadPapers" or "addBooksIn-Carts"). We describe our prototype and show an example of nested pattern specialization. We also discuss a reuse trade-off, showing that too much abstraction makes the pattern less expressive. Rather, we suggest developers capture what must be guaranteed in every context of invocation, regardless of the service selection.
Antidepressants: Using Pharmacology to Individualize Therapy:

The pharmacotherapy of depression has undergone significant change in the last two decades. A new generation of antidepressant agents has displaced older drugs as first-line therapies for depression. The clinician that seeks optimal outcomes for treatment of depression must be familiar with all of the available antidepressant agents. This article will discuss the pharmacologic profile of antidepressants currently marketed in the United States, identifying similarities and differences that have clinical relevance in the management of depression. Drug selection with an emphasis on antidepressant receptor affinity will be reviewed.
The Paradox of 5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine: An Indoleamine Hallucinogen That Induces Stimulus Control Via 5-HT1A Receptors

Stimulus control was established in rats trained to discriminate either 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (3 mg/kg) or (-)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (0.56 mg/kg) from saline. Tests of antagonism of stimulus control were conducted using the 5-HT1A antagonists (+/-)-pindolol and WAY-100635, and the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist pirenperone. In rats trained with 5-MeO-DMT, pindolol and WAY-100635 both produced a significant degree of antagonism of stimulus control, but pirenperone was much less effective. Likewise, the full generalization of 5-MeO-DMT to the selective 5-HT1A agonist [+/-]-8-hydroxy-dipropylaminotetralin was blocked by WAY-100635, but unaffected by pirenperone. In contrast, the partial generalization of 5-MeO-DMT to the 5-HT2 agonist DOM was completely antagonized by pirenperone, but was unaffected by WAY-100635. Similarly, in rats trained with (-)-DOM, pirenperone completely blocked stimulus control, but WAY-100635 was inactive. The results obtained in rats trained with (-)-DOM and tested with 5-MeO-DMT were more complex. Although the intraperitoneal route had been used for both training drugs, a significant degree of generalization of (-)-DOM to 5-MeO-DMT was seen only when the latter drug was administered subcutaneously. Furthermore, when the previously effective dose of pirenperone was given in combination with 5-MeO-DMT (s.c.), complete suppression of responding resulted. However, the combination of pirenperone and WAY-100635 given prior to 5-MeO-DMT restored responding in (-)-DOM-trained rats, and provided evidence of antagonism of the partial substitution of 5-MeO-DMT for (-)-DOM. The present data indicate that 5-MeO-DMT-induced stimulus control is mediated primarily by interactions with 5-HT1A receptors. In addition, however, the present findings suggest that 5-MeO-DMT induces a compound stimulus that includes an element mediated by interactions with a 5-HT2 receptors. The latter component is not essential for 5-MeO-DMT-induced stimulus control, but is revealed in animals tested or trained with a 5-HT2-selective agonist such as (-)-DOM. Based upon the present data, we conclude that 5-MeO-DMT differs from DOM with respect to the serotonergic element that mediates stimulus control in the rat, but that it shares with DOM a functionally significant interaction with 5-HT2 receptors.
Dynamics of particles floating on liquid flowing in a semicircular open channel

The dynamic characteristics of surface-floating particles in liquids flowing in a two-dimensional, semicircular open channel is studied experimentally. For high visibility in the experiments, relatively large particles are employed whose particle-liquid density ratio is either equal to or less than unity. Particles of different size and geometry are tested in a water-glycerin mixture. A video camera traces the pathline of each particle from which the velocity and direction of particle motion are evaluated. Liquid velocity distribution is determined by hot-film anemometry. A modified dynamics (Basset-Boussinesq-Oseen) equation is derived and numerically solved by means of a finite-difference technique to determine fluid velocity. A new dimensionless parameter is disclosed which is pertinent to both particle geometry and fluid flow conditions. It correlates particle trajectory and velocity, trajectory dispersion and fluid-particle velocity ratio.
Earthquake Hazards on the Cascadia Subduction Zone

Large subduction earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone pose a potential seismic hazard. Very young oceanic lithosphere (10 million years old) is being subducted beneath North America at a rate of approximately 4 centimeters per year. The Cascadia subduction zone shares many characteristics with subduction zones in southern Chile, southwestern Japan, and Colombia, where comparably young oceanic lithosphere is also subducting. Very large subduction earthquakes, ranging in energy magnitude (M_w) between 8 and 9.5, have occurred along these other subduction zones. If the Cascadia subduction zone is also storing elastic energy, a sequence of several great earthquakes (M_w 8) or a giant earthquake (M_w 9) would be necessary to fill this 1200-kilometer gap. The nature of strong ground motions recorded during subduction earthquakes of Mw less than 8.2 is discussed. Strong ground motions from even larger earthquakes (M_w up to 9.5) are estimated by simple simulations. If large subduction earthquakes occur in the Pacific Northwest, relatively strong shaking can be expected over a large region. Such earthquakes may also be accompanied by large local tsunamis.
PTEN deletion potentiates invasion of colorectal cancer spheroidal cells through 3D Matrigel

PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog), a tumour suppressor negatively regulating the PI3K signalling pathway, is the second most frequently mutated gene in human cancers. Decreased PTEN expression is correlated with colorectal cancer metastases and poor patient survival. Three dimensional (3D) multicellular spheroid models have been postulated to bridge the gap between 2D cell models and animal models for cancer research and drug discovery. However, little is known about the impact of PTEN deletion on the invasion of colon cancer spheroidal cells through a 3D extracellular matrix, and current techniques are limited in their ability to study in vitro 3D cell models in real-time. Here, we investigated the migration and invasion behaviours of the colon cancer cell line HCT116 and its PTEN−/− isogenic cell line using three different in vitro assays, wound healing, transwell invasion, and label-free single cell 3D2 invasion assays enabled by a resonant waveguide grating (RWG) biosensor. Light microscopic and RWG imaging showed that PTEN deletion influences the spheroid formation of HCT116 cells at high seeding density, and accelerates the spontaneous transfer from the spheroid to substrate surfaces. In vitro migration and invasion assays showed that PTEN knockout increases the 2D migration speed of HCT116 cells, and the invasion rate of individual cells through Matrigel or cells in the spheroid through 3D Matrigel; moreover, the PI3K inhibitor treatment drastically reduces the invasiveness of both cell lines. This study suggests that PTEN knockout potentiates the invasiveness of colorectal cancer spheroidal cells through a 3D extracellular matrix, and the label-free single cell assay is a powerful tool for investigating cancer cell invasion, in particular using 3D cell models.
Noun Phrase Structure in Article-less Slavic Languages: DP or not DP?

Arguments for and against the DP analysis of nominals in article-less Slavic languages are outlined and supporting evidence is reviewed. It is shown that even though both positions are not without merit, much careful consideration of facts both within and across relevant languages is still needed before the debate can be resolved. The importance of the noun phrase structure and its implications for other areas of Slavic syntax and semantics, both on the nominal and clausal levels, are pointed out.
Medical management of iatrogenic rents in the wall of the feline urinary bladder.

Surgical closure may not be necessary to successfully manage all patients with ruptured urinary bladders. If the margins of the walls of tears in the bladder wall are not devitalized, and if they remain in close apposition via maintenance of the bladder lumen in a nondistended state for an appropriate period, these conditions may simulate those created by use of surgical sutures. This is not advocating an ali-or-none choice. Because the clinical status of patients with ruptured urinary bladders can range from that characterized by only hematuria and dysuria to life-threatening postrenal uremia, a range of surgical and medical options should be considered.
High Dose-Rate Intraluminal Irradiation in Bronchogenic Carcinoma: Technique and Results

Patients who present with symptomatic airway obstruction often have limited therapeutic options. Intraluminal irradiation has been used in an attempt to obtain sustained palliation. Patients treated with high dose-rate endobronchial irradiation have shown good to excellent palliation of symptoms, as well as a high rate of local control; however, these results have not always been devoid of complications. Some recent reports have shown a high incidence of morbidity, including an excessive incidence of fatal pulmonary hemorrhage. In this series, we report on 80 high dose-rate endobronchial treatments in 32 patients who were treated with remote afterloading endobronchial irradiation. All patients had endoscopic and histologic proof of tumor. Patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 17 patients who were treated with endobronchial brachytherapy as a boost to primary external-beam irradiation. The remaining 15 patients comprised group 2 and were treated for endobronchial recurrence after prior irradiation with an external beam (main dose, 5,000 cGy). The endobronchial irradiation treatments were delivered using a high dose-rate remote afterloader. The standard dose per fraction was 500 cGy prescribed at a distance of 1 cm from the central axis of the catheter for a median of 3 fractions at weekly intervals. Treatment length averaged 5 cm; the median total dose was 1,500 cGy. The median follow-up for the entire group was 9.3 months, with a range of 6 to 24 months. Symptomatic improvement was attained in 15 of 15 patients presenting with hemoptysis, in 6 of 7 of those with cough, and in 10 of 10 who presented with dyspnea. In ten patients, follow-up endoscopy was performed, which revealed a pathologic complete response (by negative results on biopsies). At 6 months past the last brachytherapy, clinical and radiographic local control was obtained in 15/17 (88 percent) of the patients in group 1 and in 70 percent of the patients in group 2. All patients tolerated treatment well, without any acute or late complications, and there were no instances of fistula formation or fatal pulmonary hemorrhage. There was no association between the location of recurrence and complications. Fractionation, dose per fraction, and total combined dose appear to be important parameters in reducing complications.
Time-stretch analog-to-digital conversion using phase modulation and broadband balanced coherent detection for improving resolution

We introduce a novel implementation of time-stretch analog-to-digital conversion which uses phase modulation and balanced coherent detection for improving resolution. Proof of concept experiment demonstrates time-stretching of phase encoded signal.
Multi-objective module placement for 3-D system-on-package

System-on-package (SOP) is a viable alternative to system-on-chip (SOC) for meeting the rigorous requirements of today's mixed-signal system integration. Thermal integrity is arguably the most crucial issue in three-dimensional (3-D) SOP due to the compact nature of the 3-D integration. In addition, the power supply noise issue becomes more serious as the supply voltage continues to decrease while the number of active devices consuming power increases. We propose a 3-D module and decap (decoupling capacitance) placement algorithm that evenly distributes the thermal profile and reduces the power supply noise. In addition, we allocate white spaces around the modules that require decaps to suppress the power supply noise while minimizing the area overhead. In our experimentation, we achieve improvements in both maximum temperature and decap amount with only small increase in area, wirelength, and runtime.
Impact of Hinged Connectors on Sandwich Panel Behavior

AbstractThis paper discusses the impact of hinged connectors (a common connection in folding structures) on the behavior of sandwich panels (with fiber-reinforced polymer faces and foam core). A sandwich panel is subjected to uniform loading and tested when restrained by hinged connectors in compression and in tension. The measured results are compared to finite-element numerical models, focusing on global behavior (displacements and strains at center) and local behavior (strains near connectors). Parametric studies using these validated numerical models investigate the impact of the number, size, and relative placement of hinged connectors. These studies culminate in guidelines for the design of structures comprised of hinged, folding panels. Ultimately, this paper addresses a research gap in understanding the behavior of sandwich panels connected by hinges.
Instrumental and Expressive Education: College Planning in the Face of Poverty

Nearly all young people in the United States aspire to a college degree, but many fail to complete college in a timely manner. Does this lack of attainment reflect abandoned college plans? I analyze mixed-methods data from a five-year study of 700 low-income mothers at two Louisiana community colleges. Hurricane Katrina displaced respondents and interrupted their college educations; respondents had to decide whether, how, and why to return to school. Few women earned degrees during the study, but survey data indicate that the rate of reenrollment and intentions to complete were high. Interview data reveal the cultural logics supporting continued plans for a return to college. Instrumentally, respondents believed education would result in better employment. Expressively, the moral status afforded students supported respondents’ narratives of upward mobility despite the difficulties they faced. The logic of human capital investment dominates policy and academic discussions of education’s value, but I find t...
The odds on normal aging.

In spite of today’s ignorance about so many different diseases, including most of the chronic illnesses associated with aging, there is the most surprising optimism, amounting to something almost like exhilaration, within the community of basic biomedical researchers. There has never, I think, been a time quite like the present. Most of the investigators, the young ones especially, have only a remote idea of the connection of their work to human disease problems, although they have an awareness that sooner or later something practical and useful may come from their research. But this possibility is not the driving force behind their endeavors. The main impetus is that researchers are becoming confident about finding out how things work. This is true for the immunologists threading their way through the unimaginably complex network of cells and intercellular messages comprising the human immune system. It is true for the experimental pathologists and biochemists at work on the components of the inflammatory reaction and turning up new regulatory cell products and signalling devices almost every month. The cancer biologists are totally confident that they are getting close to the molecular intimacies of cellular transformation, and the virologists are riding high.
Assessment of acute hand injuries: Part i

More than 140,000 hand injuries occur yearly, and an estimated 5 days of loss of work per patient occurs (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012). Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) are responsible for managing many of these injuries in primary and emergency care settings. Hand injuries are responsible for approximately 10% of all emergency department visits annually (P. Shayne, S.H. Plantz, & F. Talavera, 2012). This article reviews approaches to the assessment of the patient with a hand injury and establishes a process for basic identification of the hand structures and function. Approaches to history taking and specific evaluations for the hand will be discussed and examples of the assessments will be provided. Diagnostic approaches to support physical findings will be discussed, and methods of radiologic assessment will support the audience in making appropriate diagnosis in relation to hand injuries. This is Part I of a three-part series that will validate the approaches to hand assessment for adults and children and identify specific injuries and their management for the APRN.
A Role for Reasoning in a Dialogic Approach to Critical Thinking

We note the development of the widely employed but loosely defined construct of critical thinking from its earliest instantiations as a measure of individual ability to its current status, marked by efforts to better connect the construct to the socially-situated thinking demands of real life. Inquiry and argument are identified as key dimensions in a process-based account of critical thinking. Argument is identified as a social practice, rather than a strictly individual competency. Yet, new empirical evidence is presented documenting a role for individual reasoning competencies in supporting the effectiveness of argumentive discourse. A successful curriculum is described for employing extended engagement in dialogic argumentation as a pathway to development of individual argumentive skill.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENTIAL POLLEN-TUBE GROWTH ON HYBRIDIZATION IN THE LOUISIANA IRISES.

To elucidate the importance of hybridization in evolution, it is necessary to understand the processes that affect hybridization frequency in nature. Here we focus on postpollination, prefertilization isolating mechanisms using two hybridizing species of Louisiana iris as a study system. We compared the effects of differential pollen-tube growth on the frequency of F1 hybrid formation in experimental crosses between Iris fulva and Iris hexagona. Analyses of seed production in fruits from pure conspecific and heterospecific pollinations revealed that more seeds were produced in the top half than the bottom half of fruits for all four crosses. Heterospecific pollen was applied to flowers of each species at zero to 24 h prior to conspecific pollen, thereby giving a head start to the foreign pollen. Using diagnostic isozyme markers, the frequency of hybrid progeny was examined at the level of the whole fruit and separately for the top and bottom halves of fruits. In both species, the proportion of hybrid seeds per fruit increased significantly with increasing head starts, suggesting that differences in pollen-tube growth rates affect the frequency of hybridization. In I. fulva fruits, the increase in hybrid seeds occurred in both halves of the fruits, but in I. hexagona an increase was only detected in the top half of fruits. These findings are consistent with a model that assumes attrition of pollen tubes due to the greater length of I. hexagona styles. While pollen-tube growth rate appears to be the most important factor affecting hybridization frequency in I. fulva, both pollen-tube growth rate and pollen-tube attrition appear to be important in I. hexagona.
The 24-2 Visual Field Test Misses Central Macular Damage Confirmed by the 10-2 Visual Field Test and Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose To determine the extent to which the 24-2 visual field (VF) misses macular damage confirmed with both 10-2 VF and optical coherence tomography (OCT) tests and to evaluate the patterns of damage missed.
Rapid Assessment of Health Education in Luyang Town After Lushan“4.20” Earthquake

Objective To analyze the receptivity and effect of the implemented health education activities after Lushan"4.20"earthquake.Methods Questionnaires were employed to survey the adults in two types of aftercare places.Results Altogether 330 victims were surveyed,all of them were consent on implement of health education and 84.55% of them received health education.The rate of health consciousness and behaviors after health education was 77.98% in aftercare place and 80.03% in settlements(χ2= 1.09,P 0.05).The most popular mode of health education was door-to-door propaganda and 82.34% would prefer this mode.Conclusion It is essential to carry out health education in the disaster area.Most of the victims have received health education and they would prefer door-to-door propaganda.
Catheter embolization of intracranial arteriovenous malformations as an aid to surgical excision.

Eleven cases of large arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) were treated from February 1974 to March 1975 by embolization via the internal carotid artery with beads, and 8 of them had subsequent surgery. There was one postoperative death. A second embolization was performed in 3 patients with further diminution of vascularity. Embolization improved the perfusion of the adjacent normal brain and was an important preoperative procedure which facilitated the operation and made it surgically feasible to operate on some cases which might otherwise have been considered to be inoperable.
Consistency Versus Variety Seeking Behavior: Situational Effects

Consumers sometimes behave in a manner predicted by cognitive consistency theories. At other times, they exhibit variety seeking behavior. This report summarizes a number of studies which demonstrate that variety needs differ by situation, sex, and age.
SmartDashboard and SmartPortal

This chapter explores the interface used to configure your NGX installation—the SmartDashboard. SmartDashboard provides an extremely powerful interface for configuring the Check Point installation—from the traditional firewall gateways, through VPN gateways, to the new Connectra and Interspect devices. It effectively provides a single management interface for the entire Check Point security infrastructure. The interface can be broken down into separate panes. Each provides different functionality and views of your configuration, and one can choose which panes are visible. This allows one to tailor the interface to suit the areas one needs to work with and the preferred methods of accessing the settings. The chapter also discusses setting up a simple security policy and applying it to the NGX firewall gateway. Furthermore, it deals with the new SmartPortal management interface while discussing its installation and how it helps administrate the organization's Check Point systems. The new NGX SmartPortal Web interface provides a clientless management solution, enabling operator and managed customer access to view the status, logging, and configuration of a management server.
Reminder: RMSSD and SD1 are identical heart rate variability metrics

Assessment of heart rate variability (HRV) is a common approach to examine cardiac autonomic nervous system modulation that has been employed in a variety of settings. Frequently, both the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) and SD1, which is a Poincare plot component, have been used to quantify short-term heart rate variability. It is not typically appreciated, however, that RMSSD and SD1 are identical metrics of HRV. As a reminder to clinicians and researchers who use and study HRV, we show both empirically and mathematically that RMSSD and SD1 are identical metrics. Because the homology between RMSSD and SD1 is not commonly known, the inclusion of both measures has been reported in many recent publications. The inappropriate use of such redundant data may affect the interpretation of HRV studies. Muscle Nerve 56: 674-678, 2017.
Interval type-2 fuzzy DSS for unbiased medical diagnosis

Technological innovations coupled with the rapidly expanding amount of medical data digitally collected and stored have made possible to develop advanced Decision Support Systems (DSSs) able to aid physicians in medical diagnosis, by helping them in classifying among different diseases. Building this typology of DSSs preliminarily requires the extraction from huge sets of clinical data of hidden relationships between possible classes and known features. This task is very thorny due to information uncertainties affecting features as well as biases regarding prior probabilities of classes, depending on the environment and conditions of data collection. To address these problems, this paper presents an approach for building an interval type-2 fuzzy DSS able to handle information uncertainties and perform unbiased medical diagnoses, by adapting interval type-2 fuzzy sets to a medical dataset. A proof of concept is given by applying the proposed approach on a benchmark medical dataset. A comparison is performed between i) a type-1 fuzzy system with prior probabilities extracted from the dataset; ii) an interval type-2 fuzzy DSSs modelling non-biased prior probabilities; and iii) the best known classification methods. This comparison is made both when prior probabilities are fixed, i.e. when the system is evaluated by a stratified cross-validation technique, or while no assumption is made about prior probabilities. Results show that the proposed approach reach good performance in most of the cases, thus evidencing the usefulness of extracting an interval type-2 fuzzy system not based on biased prior probabilities, for obtaining more reliable results.
Couples symptom burden in oncology care: Perception of self and the other.

213Background: Cancer survivors and their caregivers have symptoms that wax and wane over time and are interrelated. We report on the results of a communication survey exploring symptom burden in couples presenting for care in an integrative oncology (IO) clinic. Methods: Couples were approached for participation while waiting for an IO service (Physician Consultation, Massage, Acupuncture, Physical Therapy, Nutrition). 50 patients and their partner completed the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS; 0-10, 10 worst). Patient and partner each completed two ESAS forms: one for themselves and one for their perception of the other’s symptoms. Each also completed a Global Health scale (PROMIS 10). ESAS distress subscales analyzed included Psychological (PSS) and Physical (PHS). Paired t-tests were used to examine all measures. Results: Patients (58% female) had most frequent cancer diagnoses of breast (22%) and gastrointestinal (18%). Patients rated their own physical symptoms of Fatigue (p = 0.002), Nausea...
Experimental studies of a low-pressure electric discharge detector

The ionization processes that occur in low-pressure nitrogen–oxygen plasmas (10–3 < p < 1 Pa) in crossed electric and magnetic fields have been analyzed. A calculation procedure for the current–voltage characteristics providing an unambiguous determination of gas pressure has been described. Satisfactory agreement between theory and experiment has been obtained.
Stein-like 2SLS estimator

ABSTRACTMaasoumi (1978) proposed a Stein-like estimator for simultaneous equations and showed that his Stein shrinkage estimator has bounded finite sample risk, unlike the three-stage least square estimator. We revisit his proposal by investigating Stein-like shrinkage in the context of two-stage least square (2SLS) estimation of a structural parameter. Our estimator follows Maasoumi (1978) in taking a weighted average of the 2SLS and ordinary least square estimators, with the weight depending inversely on the Hausman (1978) statistic for exogeneity. Using a local-to-exogenous asymptotic theory, we derive the asymptotic distribution of the Stein estimator and calculate its asymptotic risk. We find that if the number of endogenous variables exceeds 2, then the shrinkage estimator has strictly smaller risk than the 2SLS estimator, extending the classic result of James and Stein (1961). In a simple simulation experiment, we show that the shrinkage estimator has substantially reduced finite sample median squa...
EVIDENCE FOR DIEL ACTIVITY OF OPHION FLAVIDUS BRULLE (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE), A PARASITOID OF THE FALL ARMYWORM

The diel activity of Ophion flavidus Brulle (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) was determined by observing the movement of two-day-old mated female parasitoids confined with 4th-instar larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on R4-R5-stage peanut plants. Observations were made for 1-h periods at 0600, 1200, 1830, and 2400 h CST. Fourteen O. flavidus adult females were used in the study. Movement of O. flavidus was greater (P = 0.05) at 0600 and 2400 h than at 1200 or 1830 h. Attacking and/or ovipositing occurred more frequently (P = 0.05) at 0600 and 2400 h than at 1200 or 1830 h.
Neural Crest Formation and Diversification

The neural crest is a multipotent embryonic cell population that migrates throughout the embryo and differentiates into a variety of derivatives. Formation of neural crest begins at gastrulation and continues throughout neurulation. Bona fide neural crest cells then emerge from the neural tube after its closure and commence migration to many, destinations. During early induction stages, the cells of the neural plate border are exposed to different environment signals originated from the adjacent tissues. Such signals are responsible for the activation of a gene regulatory network that controls neural crest formation. This regulatory network comprises transcription factors and signaling molecules arranged hierarchically and acts to endow these cells with the ability to delaminate, migrate, and differentiate. This chapter is an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying neural crest induction, specification, and migration.
PERFORMANCE OF PASSIVE SOLAR SYSTEMS IN A COLD CLIMATE

Data from two heating seasons at the passive solar test facility of the Division of Building Research are presented for three two-room direct-gain units and a two-room mass-wall unit. Effects of solar gain, thermal storage mass and building thermal load on the utilization of solar gains to satisfy the space heating requirement are examined. Performances of the mass-wall unit and an equivalent direct-gain unit are compared.
An Analysis of Media Researchers Perceptions of the Digitalization of Broadcasting in Korea

In Korea, researchers from universities and research institutions have exerted a significant role in planning, reviewing, and performing policy initiatives. This paper categorizes and assesses the perceptions of twenty-two researchers, whose areas are directly linked to digital cable television policy, technology, and industry. The subjectivity of digital television was examined from the perspective of social shaping of technology (SST), which is halfway between technological determinism and social determinism. Media researchers were asked to answer 36 Q-statements covering comprehensive dimensions about digital cable television. The result shows that the perceptions of participants fell into three types: (1) market-focused discontents, (2) public interest and broadcast supporters, and (3) regulation-oriented optimists. All three types agreed that the digitalization is a meaningful and important change for the cable industry and that the current regulation system in Korea must be revised to serve new developments in the field of media.
A High-Resolution Thermometer for the Range 1.6 to 5 K

This paper presents a detailed design, a theoretical analysis, and experimental tests of a high-resolution thermometer for use in the temperature range from 1.6 to 5 K. The device uses a dc-SQUID magnetometer to determine the change in magnetization with temperature of a paramagnetic salt in a magnetic field. The field is provided by a small permanent magnet attached to the thermometer. Measurements of the sensitivity of the device agree well with the theoretical analysis. Near 2.17 K (the superfluid transition of 4 He at saturated vapor pressure) the thermometer has a specific sensitivity of 4000φ 0 /K Gauss. There it achieves a temperature resolution better than 10 −9 K when it is charged with a field of about 300 Gauss. At 4.2 K, the specific sensitivity is smaller by a factor of 50, but should still allow temperature measurements with a resolution better than 10 −7 K. Near 2.17 K, drifts of the device are below the level of 10 −13 K/s. The thermometer has a small mass of about 7 g (excluding the magnet), and thus the advantage of relatively small cosmic radiation heating during microgravity experiments in Earth orbit.
Regression of Hepatocellular Adenomas with Strict Dietary Therapy in Patients with Glycogen Storage Disease Type I

Hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) are a common complication in patients with glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I). In this series, we report regression of HCAs in a cohort of patients who achieved metabolic control with strict dietary therapy. A retrospective review of the clinical records for all patients with GSD I was performed at our institution. All available imaging studies were reviewed in patients with reported regression of HCAs in the medical record. The charts of 163 patients with GSD Ia and 42 patients with GSD Ib were reviewed, and HCAs were documented in 47 subjects (43 Ia/4 Ib). After review of all available imaging studies, eight patients met criteria of being followed with both magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound and were found to show evidence of regression of HCAs. In these individuals, regression of the HCAs occurred once metabolic control was obtained, as determined by decreasing levels of serum triglyceride levels. The average triglyceride level in all patients prior to regression of HCAs was 753 mg/dL (SD ± 293). The average serum triglyceride level in all patients at the time of regression of HCAs was 340 mg/dL (SD ± 164). These findings suggest that strict dietary therapy may cause regression of HCAs. If HCAs are documented in a patient with suboptimal metabolic control, intensive medical therapy may be an alternative to surgical intervention in some individuals.
Drawing on the Victorians: the palimpsest of Victorian and neo-Victorian graphic texts

Anna Maria Jones and Rebecca N. Mitchell have compiled an important volume of criticism on Victorian and neo-Victorian graphic texts that will surprise readers with the depth of its Victorian conte...
Tactual Discrimination of Household Objects.

The young child's concept of space was explored through tactual discrimination of common household objects. The results were analyzed in terms of degree of vision, amount of previous schooling, and...
Osteogenic embryoid body-derived material induces bone formation in vivo.

The progressive loss of endogenous regenerative capacity that accompanies mammalian aging has been attributed at least in part to alterations in the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition of adult tissues. Thus, creation of a more regenerative microenvironment, analogous to embryonic morphogenesis, may be achieved via pluripotent embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation and derivation of devitalized materials as an alternative to decellularized adult tissues, such as demineralized bone matrix (DBM). Transplantation of devitalized ESC materials represents a novel approach to promote functional tissue regeneration and reduce the inherent batch-to-batch variability of allograft-derived materials. In this study, the osteoinductivity of embryoid body-derived material (EBM) was compared to DBM in a standard in vivo ectopic osteoinduction assay in nude mice. EBM derived from EBs differentiated for 10 days with osteogenic media (+β-glycerophosphate) exhibited similar osteoinductivity to active DBM (osteoinduction score = 2.50 ± 0.27 vs. 2.75 ± 0.16) based on histological scoring and exceeded inactive DBM (1.13 ± 0.13, p < 0.005). Moreover, EBM stimulated formation of new bone, ossicles and marrow spaces, similar to active DBM. The potent osteoinductivity of EBM demonstrates that morphogenic factors expressed by ESCs undergoing osteogenic differentiation yield a novel devitalized material capable of stimulating de novo bone formation in vivo.
Pharmacologic Management of Gout in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Failure

Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis and is often comorbid with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hyperuricemia and gout are also independent risk factors for cardiovascular events, worsening heart failure (HF), and death. The recommended treatment modalities for gout have important implications for patients with CVD because of varying degrees of cardiovascular and HF benefit and risk. Therefore, it is critical to both manage hyperuricemia with urate-lowering therapy (ULT) and treat acute gout flares while minimizing the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. In this review, the evidence for the safety of pharmacologic treatment of acute and chronic gout in patients with CVD and/or HF is reviewed. In patients with CVD or HF who present with an acute gout flare, colchicine is considered safe and potentially reduces the risk of myocardial infarction. If patients cannot tolerate colchicine, short durations of low-dose glucocorticoids are efficacious and may be safe. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided in patients with CVD or HF. The use of canakinumab and anakinra for acute gout flares is limited by the high cost, risk of serious infection, and relatively modest clinical benefit. For long-term ULT, allopurinol, and alternatively probenecid, should be considered first-line treatments in patients with CVD or HF given their safety and potential for reducing cardiovascular outcomes. An increased risk of cardiovascular death and HF hospitalization limit the use of febuxostat and pegloticase as ULT in this population. Ultimately, the selection of agents used for acute gout management and long-term ULT should be individualized according to patient and agent cardiovascular risk factors.
Lessons Learned from a Mother

Today, I met a child killer. On an early spring morning in the resident didactics room, ten psychiatrists-in-training sit around a long rectangular table headed by forensic psychiatrist Dr. Martinez. A round-faced, clean-shaven man with welcoming eyes and graying hair, Dr. Martinez lectures about