cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A national reconnaissance of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants in the United States - I) Groundwater

As part of the continuing effort to collect baseline information on the environmental occurrence of pharmaceuticals, and other organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs) in the Nation's water resources, water samples were collected from a network of 47 groundwater sites across 18 states in 2000. All samples collected were analyzed for 65 OWCs representing a wide variety of uses and origins. Site selection focused on areas suspected to be susceptible to contamination from either animal or human wastewaters (i.e. down gradient of a landfill, unsewered residential development, or animal feedlot). Thus, sites sampled were not necessarily used as a source of drinking water but provide a variety of geohydrologic environments with potential sources of OWCs. OWCs were detected in 81% of the sites sampled, with 35 of the 65 OWCs being found at least once. The most frequently detected compounds include N,N-diethyltoluamide (35%, insect repellant), bisphenol A (30%, plasticizer), tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (30%, fire retardant), sulfamethoxazole (23%, veterinary and human antibiotic), and 4-octylphenol monoethoxylate (19%, detergent metabolite). Although sampling procedures were intended to ensure that all groundwater samples analyzed were indicative of aquifer conditions it is possible that detections of some OWCs could have resulted from leaching of well-construction materials and/or other site-specific conditions related to well construction and materials. Future research will be needed to identify those factors that are most important in determining the occurrence and concentrations of OWCs in groundwater.
Regulatory Off-Gas Analysis from the Evaporation of Hanford Simulated Waste Spiked with Organic Compounds

After strontium/transuranics removal by precipitation followed by cesium/technetium removal by ion exchange, the remaining low-activity waste in the Hanford River Protection Project Waste Treatment Plant is to be concentrated by evaporation before being mixed with glass formers and vitrified. To provide a technical basis to permit the waste treatment facility, a relatively organic-rich Hanford Tank 241-AN-107 waste simulant was spiked with 14 target volatile, semi-volatile, and pesticide compounds and evaporated under vacuum in a bench-scale natural circulation evaporator fitted with an industrial stack off-gas sampler at the Savannah River National Laboratory. An evaporator material balance for the target organics was calculated by combining liquid stream mass and analytical data with off-gas emissions estimates obtained using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) SW-846 Methods. Volatile and light semi-volatile organic compounds ( 1 mm Hg vapor pressure) in the waste simulant were found to largely exit through the condenser vent, while heavier semi-volatiles and pesticides generally remain in the evaporator concentrate. An OLI Environmental Simulation Program (licensed by OLI Systems, Inc.) evaporator model successfully predicted operating conditions and the experimental distribution of the fed target organics exiting in the concentrate, condensate, and off-gas streams, with the exception of a few semi-volatile and pesticide compounds. Comparison with Henry's Law predictions suggests the OLI Environmental Simulation Program model is constrained by available literature data.
Groupware adoption & adaptation

This paper describes my research on the adoption of groupware technologies in business organizations, and their subsequent integration with individual and organizational work practices as a result of wide, sustained use. An initial study of two organizations successfully using a particular group-ware technology---electronic calendars and meeting schedulers---revealed several technical, behavioral, and organizational factors that enabled initial adoption. Additional findings from this study suggested that groupware technology was integrated into work practices quite differently at each site, despite similarities in adoption patterns and other organizational features. My dissertation research will continue to elaborate the conditions that enable adoption of groupware technologies. My investigations will also explore the way electronic calendars are subsequently integrated into local work practices, and the organizational ramifications of these particular adaptations.
Behaviour of generalised logistic equations on time scales

In this paper, we study the characteristics of generalised logistic and exponential functions on various time scales. The motivation behind this paper is that some populations are better modelled by exponential and logistic equations on a particular time scale. However, an unusual characteristic of some logistic equations on time scales is the possibility of producing negative output values, something that is impossible for a population. So the focus of this paper will be analysing the generalised logistic equation and creating necessary conditions such that the output of these equations on time scales remains greater than zero for all points in the time scale.
A multichannel transceiver system for asymmetric digital subscriber line service

The authors study the performance of a multichannel modulation technique for the contemplated data service known as asymmetric digital subscriber lines (ADSLs). It was found that over all unloaded North American subscriber lines in the test set, a unidirectional 1.536-Mb/s data rate service from the end-office to the customer premises can be easily achieved on a single twisted pair at an error rate of 10/sup -7/. The dominant line impairments studied include far-end crosstalk from basic-rate access integrated services digital network (ISDN), spill-over basic rate access ISDN signal, and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). It was found that the proposed ADSL service can coexist with the previously existing baseband service on the same twisted pair. >
WNT3A SIGNALING WITHIN BONE INHIBITS MULTIPLE MYELOMA BONE DISEASE AND TUMOR GROWTH

Canonical Wnt signaling is central to normal bone homeostasis, and secretion of Wnt signaling inhibitors by multiple myeloma (MM) cells contributes to MM-related bone resorption and disease progression. The aim of this study was to test the effect of Wnt3a on bone disease and growth of MM cells in vitro and in vivo. Although Wnt3a activated canonical signaling in the majority of MM cell lines and primary cells tested, Wnt3a had no effect on MM cell growth in vitro. Moreover, forced expression of Wnt3a in H929 MM cells conferred no growth advantage over empty vector-transfected cells in vitro or importantly when grown subcutaneously in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Importantly, although H929 cells stably expressing an empty vector injected into human bone grew rapidly and induced a marked reduction in bone mineral density, bones engrafted with Wnt3a-expressing H929 cells were preserved, exhibited increased osteoblast-to-osteoclast ratios, and reduced tumor burden. Likewise, treatment of myelomatous SCID-hu mice, carrying primary disease, with recombinant Wnt3a stimulated bone formation and attenuated MM growth. These results provide further support of the potential anabolic and anti-MM effects of enhancing Wnt signaling in the bone.
Classical conditioning of beginning reading responses.

The present study describes the first demonstration that laboratory-controlled experimental procedures can lead to the successful acquisition and subsequent retention of classically conditioned beg...
Higher-order constraint simplification in dependent type theory

Higher-order unification is undecidable, but has fragments which admit practical algorithms, which are used extensively in logical frameworks. For example, it is decidable whether unification problems in the pattern fragment are solvable, and they enjoy unique most general unifiers when they are.Often we wish to treat more general problems which are nonetheless solvable by incrementally reasoning about the parts of them that fall in the pattern fragment after more progress has been made --- to this end constraint simplification algorithms have been proposed, which work on the so-called dynamic pattern fragment. However, their theory turns out to be surprisingly subtle. The constraint simplification algorithm implemented in Twelf, for instance, is not terminating, despite the sketch of a proof of its termination in the literature. We describe and prove correct a new, terminating constraint simplification algorithm for a dynamic pattern fragment of higher-order unification in a dependent type system, and discuss its implementation.
Substance use, childhood sexual abuse, and sexual risk behavior among women in methadone treatment.

Background: Substance use and a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) are risk factors for unprotected sex among women, yet questions remain as to how their combined influence may differentially affect sexual risk. Objective: The current study investigated how complex relationships among drug use and CSA may contribute to unprotected sexual occasions (USO). Methods: A Generalized Linear Mixed Model was used to examine the interaction between current cocaine/stimulants and opioid use and CSA on number of USOs in a sample of 214 sexually active women in outpatient methadone maintenance treatment. Results: For women with CSA, an increase in days of cocaine/stimulant use was associated with a significant increase in USOs. In contrast, an increase in days of opiate use was associated with a significant decrease in USOs. For the group of women who did not report CSA, there was a significant increase in USOs with increased opiate use. Conclusions: Findings indicate that CSA is related to unprotected sexual occ...
Isolated Wetlands of the Southeastern United States: Abundance and Expected Condition

Two recent United States (U.S.) Supreme Court decisions severely curtailed federal protection for isolated wetlands (i.e., those completely surrounded by uplands). However, the true extent of the wetlands affected and hence the implications of the decisions are unknown. Best professional judgment from almost a decade ago estimated ≤20 % of contiguous U.S. wetland area to be isolated. We used the National Wetlands Inventory and an National Hydrography Dataset buffering process to mask where potential isolated wetlands (PIW) in an eight-state region of the southeastern and mid-Atlantic U.S. intersected stream, river, and lake buffers and identified 813,163 putative isolated wetlands covering 1,185,022.6 ha, or approximately 4.4 % (range: 0.9–7.1 %) of all wetland habitat across the study area. PIWs averaged 9.0 % of the total freshwater habitat area in each state (range 3.6–11.0 %), were densely occurring (average areal extent range: 0.34–3.66 ha/km2, study area average 1.53 ± 7.63 ha/km2 standard deviation (SD); average numerical extent range: 0.46–2.17 per km2, study area average 1.05 ± 1.99 per km2 SD), and typically small (median size 0.38 ha; average size 1.46 ± 6.81 ha SD). Approximately 50 % of the extant PIWs were expected to be in “reference” or good condition, as determined by examining the land use surrounding each wetland and applying a landscape-level measure of anthropogenic disturbance, the Landscape Development Intensity (LDI) index. The PIWs in this study area comprise nearly 3 % of the remaining 44.5 million ha of wetlands in the contiguous United States.
Expectations to Marry Among American Youth The Effects of Unwed Fertility, Economic Activity, and Cohabitation

Since welfare reform in 1996, marriage has been promoted as a means to reduce welfare dependency and out-of-wedlock childbearing. Despite extensive public and academic discourse surrounding marriage promotion, a basic factor preceding and predicting marriage—expectations to marry—has received little attention. Using insights from the life course perspective and data from the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we explore the relationship between out-of-wedlock fertility and youths' expectations to marry within 5 years. We also consider the effect of economic activity (school and work) and cohabitation. We find that experiencing an unwed pregnancy or birth significantly increases youths' expectations to marry, as does being employed, out of school, and in a cohabiting relationship.
“Potemkin Europeanisation”?: Dynamics of Party Competition in Poland and Hungary in 1998–2004

After the EU’s Eastern enlargement of 2004, it became clear that some of the reform in the former candidate countries resembled a Potemkin village: behind a gleaming facade lingered a grimmer reali...
CMOS drive and control circuitry for 1-10 MHz power conversion

The design, implementation, and experimental evaluation of CMOS subcircuits that can be combined to implement integrated control and drive for 1-10 MHz power circuits are presented. The approach taken is to develop controller/driver ICs for a specific prototype power converter. By maximizing the performance of the different subcircuits in successive design iterations, the fundamental questions about the viability of CMOS technology for high-frequency controller/driver applications can be answered. The ability of CMOS to satisfactorily perform at these high frequencies is documented. >
Is Gelsolin a Biomarker for Aseptic Loosening After Total Knee Arthroplasty

Gelsolin (GSN) has been implicated in inflammatory reactions in asthmatic patients and may be a marker for acute or chronic reactions in synovial tissue. Detection of increased levels of GSN in synovial fluid could differentiate between aseptic loosening (low GSN) and hypersensitivity reaction (high GSN). Synovial fluid from both knees of 7 cadaver specimens with unilateral TKA was analyzed using ELISA for GSN levels. Components were explanted after spiral CT scans to determine wear patterns and loosening. Results were compared to synovial fluid from 7 consecutive TKA revisions for aseptic failure. Average GSN levels for cadaver native and well-functioning TKA knees were 24,534±10,437 ng/mL and 38,430±30,907 ng/mL, respectively (p=0.314). Average GSN level for revision patients was 53,294±19,868 ng/mL, significantly higher than cadaver well-functioning TKAs (p=0.006). The patient with the highest level of GSN at time of revision surgery showed significant metallosis at the time of surgery.
Library Synthesis and Antibacterial Investigation of Cationic Anthraquinone Analogs

We report the parallel synthesis of a series of novel 4,9-dioxo-4,9-dihydro-1H-naphtho[2,3-d][1,2,3]triazol-3-ium chloride salts, which are analogs to cationic anthraquinones. Three synthetic protocols were examined leading to a convenient and facile library synthesis of the cationic anthraquinone analogs that contain double alkyl chains of various lengths (C2–C12) at N-1 and N-3 positions. The antibacterial activities of these compounds were evaluated against Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activities of these compounds were expected to be associated with the structural features of naphthoquinone, cation and lypophilic alkyl chain and, interestingly, they showed much higher levels of antibacterial activities against G+ than G– bacteria. In addition, when the total number of carbon atoms of the alkyl groups at both N-1 and N-3 positions lies between 9 and 18, the bactericidal activity against S. aureus increased with increasing ...
Archimedes Method for the Reflections on the Ellipse

(1991). Archimedes Method for the Reflections on the Ellipse. Mathematics Magazine: Vol. 64, No. 4, pp. 262-263.
STUDIES OF AN INSECT MYCOSIS. II. HOST AND PATHOGEN RANGES

To investigate the possibility that Aspergilli other than A. flavus might parasitize P. cecropia, at least one representative of each of the "groups" of Aspergilli delimited by Thom and Raper (1945), except for the A. candidus group, was used as inoculum. Also, genera related to Aspergillus, like Penicillium and Paecilomyces were included in these tests, as were miscellaneous other animal and plant pathogens. Inoculation was accomplished by injecting 0.05 ml. of a heavy spore suspension of each of the species listed in Tables 1 and 2 into the body cavity of previously chilled developing pupae of Platysamia cecropia. With the Chromoblastomycetes it was diffi? cult to prepare spore suspensions so that mycelial suspensions were used for inoculum. After inoculation, the animals were kept at room temperature and were observed daily for signs of infection. The results are given in Tables 1 and 2 and show that only six of the twenty species of Aspergillus tested were pathogenic to the insect. Of the other organisms tested, only M etarrhizium and the Chromoblastomycetes seemed to be lethal to the animal. In some cases (e.g., Pleurage sp.) the fungus seemed to develop for a short time, but died after further incubation. Attempts to culture this organism after it had been in the animal for about a week were 1 Portion of a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
Liberal Evolutionism and the Satirical Ape

AbstractThis article considers intersections between the doctrines of mid-Victorian liberalism and biological evolution using 1860s caricatures and satires from Punch. In the years following the 1859 publication of John Stuart Mill’s On Liberty and Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, caricatures featuring satirical apes illustrated mutually supportive cultural attitudes about politics and science. Ideas of character united the discourses of mid-Victorian evolutionism with liberalism, and the confluence of these ideas, or what I term liberal evolutionism, dramatized this overlap for Victorian culture. My project shows that the apes depicted in Punch were often intended as not only whimsical responses to the theories put forward by Darwin and Mill, they also point to the formation of the British subject.
Developing Community Education Promoting Quality of Citizen Strengthening Urban Competitive Soft Power——Research on Measures Promoting Quality of Citizen

Molding and advocating the urban spirit vigorously is not only the important content of the construction of civilized city but also the internal needs to strengthen the urban competitive soft power of Tianjin.By carrying out the questionnaire about citizen's quality status,the paper puts forward several measures and suggestions for the practical problems.It also provides related supports which can be used for the related policy implementation of the government.
Properties of Pristine Graphene Composites Arising from the Mechanism of Graphene-Stabilized Emulsion Formation

Inexpensive, strong, and electrically conductive pristine graphene composites are synthesized from graphene-stabilized emulsions. These materials do not utilize oxidized graphite (GO) or reduced oxidized graphite (rGO), instead taking advantage of the recently demonstrated surfactant qualities of pristine graphene sheets. Using monomer as the oil phase, water-in-oil emulsions stabilized by graphene are polymerized to form porous composites with a continuous network of hollow graphene lined spheres. The effects of graphite flake size, emulsion settling, graphite concentration, and solvent ratio on composite properties such as electrical conductivity, strength, and density are investigated. We relate changes in the composite morphology to the observed property changes, and discuss the cause and effect of larger sphere sizes in the composite materials. Controlling and understanding properties such as conductivity and strength is a critical requirement for envisioned applications such as batteries, capacitors...
Generalized fourth-order Hill’s 1979 yield function for modeling sheet metals in plane stress

It is shown that the fourth-order homogeneous polynomial yield function first considered by Gotoh (Int J Mech Sci 19:505–512, 1977) for sheet metals can be recast into a particular general form in intrinsic variables. It leads to a method of generating many specific representations of a fourth-order Hill’s 1979 yield function (in Math Proc Camb Philos Soc 85:179–191, 1979) generalized for off-axis loading. One may use the generalized fourth-order Hill’s yield function for modeling sheet metals of various degrees of planar anisotropy with ease. Furthermore, a sufficient condition on the positivity and convexity of a calibrated Hill’s yield function can also be verified straightforwardly. For six sheet metals whose nine material constants in a Gotoh’s yield function have been reported in the literature, their generalized Hill’s 1979 yield functions are obtained subsequently. The proposed sufficient condition on the positivity and convexity of Hill’s yield function is found to be satisfied by five of these six sheet metals. An approximate Hill’s 1979 yield function for the sixth sheet metal has also been identified, so the proposed sufficient condition on its positivity and convexity is also met. Generalizing fourth-order Hill’s 1979 yield functions may thus be used as an alternative approach for formulating a class of positive and convex yield functions with up to nine material constants for various orthotropic sheet metals.
A comparison of soil carbon dynamics in residential yards with and without trees

Residential lawns provide chronosequences to examine influences of home age and aboveground tree biomass (ATB) on soil carbon (C) levels. Soil C dynamics were compared between 44 lawns with trees (LwT) and 23 without trees (PL). At the 0–15 cm depth, LwT had higher mean soil C than PL and an earlier rise in median soil C across home age. Nonparametric quantile regression also showed a steeper rise in the 5th, 50th, and 95th soil C quantiles for LwT. Fitted polynomial regression models indicated that home age and ATB together accounted for 40 % of the soil C variation at the 0–15 cm depth [C = 1.34 + 0.05(Age) + 0.0003(ATB)]. At the 15–30 cm depth, the interaction between home age and ATB explained 33 % of the soil C variation [C = 0.78 + 0.0003(Age*ATB)]; at 30–50 cm, ATB was responsible for 20 % [C = 0.56 + 0.0003(ATB)].
Do Biological Distances Reflect Genetic Distances? A Comparison of Craniometric and Genetic Distances at Local and Global Scales

Now a standard part of the bioarchaeological toolkit, biological distance (biodistance) analyses are conducted to reveal intra- and interpopulation relationships as well as to infer the microevolutionary events responsible for their formation and maintenance. A common rationale for the use of biodistances is that they highly correlate with selectively neutral genetic distances. We test this presumed correlation at two scales (local and global) with limitations of bioarchaeological analyses in mind. Bioarchaeological studies often rely on fragmentary cranial or decayed genetic material to estimate biological and genetic distances, respectively. We explore interindividual relationships between cranial and genetic distances using individuals from an archaeological mortuary site, and interpopulation relationships using matched globally distributed population samples. Our findings suggest that fragmentary data sources often used in distance analyses, skeletal or genetic, should be utilized with caution. However, the more complete the specimen or well preserved the DNA, the greater its reliability for inferring biological relatedness.
Representing Moisture Processes in Mesoscale Numerical Models

Moisture variables and associated physics are necessary in mesoscale models to properly predict virtual temperature, moisture distributions, cloud formation, precipitation formation and fallout, latent heating associated with phase changes of water, and surface fluxes of heat and moisture. Without properly simulating, for example, the diabatic heating associated with phase changes of water substance and surface fluxes of water vapor, we would not be able to accurately predict the formation and intensification of many mesoscale circulations, as well as both smaller- and larger-scale circulations. Moreover, the inclusion of moisture in mesoscale numerical models facilitates a more accurate foundation for describing the radiation balance of the atmosphere and permits cloud and precipitation forecasts.
Smart Surveillant - an intruder alert system using CmuCam3

The aim of this paper is to present the Smart Surveillant - an intruder alert system using CmuCam3, and to describe its functionality. The paper explains the design, applications, scope and restrictions of the Smart Surveillant, in detail. The paper provides details about how the cmucam3 works and the techniques that are used to build the Smart Surveillant. The frame differencing technique of CmuCam3, which is used to do motion tracking, is explained in detail in this paper.
Spontaneous Swallow Frequency as a Screening Protocol for Dysphagia in Acute Stroke (S32.004)

OBJECTIVE: Spontaneous swallow frequency is evaluated as an effective screening protocol for dysphagia in acute stroke. BACKGROUND: Dysphagia screening in acute stroke facilitates reduced pneumonia rates. Current dysphagia screening protocols incorporate subjective clinical examinations. Spontaneous swallow frequency is evaluated as an objective approach to dysphagia screening in acute stroke. DESIGN/METHODS: Cross sectional study of acute stroke patients. Spontaneous swallow frequency was evaluated by a simple acoustic monitor. Dysphagia was identified by standardized examination for dysphagia (Mann Assessment of Swallow Ability: MASA). Stroke severity estimated by the NIHSS, Rankin Scale, and Barthel Index. Sensitivity, specificity and classification accuracy were calculated for identification of dysphagia based on spontaneous swallow frequency. ROC analysis estimated a cut point for spontaneous swallow frequency to identify dysphagia. Correlations were used to evaluate relations among stroke severity, dysphagia, and spontaneous swallow frequency. RESULTS: From a cohort of 64 acute stroke cases, 24 patients demonstrated clinically significant dysphagia. Mean spontaneous swallow frequency for patients with dysphagia was 0.23 swallows per minute vs. 0. 52 swallows per minute for stroke cases without dysphagia (t= 4.76; p CONCLUSIONS: Results of this intiatial study indicate that spontaneous swallow frequency is a strong indicator of dysphagia in acute stroke. Disclosure: Dr. Crary has nothing to disclose. Dr. Carnaby-Mann has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sura has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sia has nothing to disclose.
Using Fluorescent Reporters in Conjunction with Cytometry and Statistics to Assess Nuclear Accumulation of Ribosomal Proteins

Fluorescently labeled ribosomal proteins can be used to detect and monitor the intracellular localization of these proteins. Both Rps2, a subunit of the 40S ribosome, and Rpl25, a subunit of the 60S ribosome, have been fused to the coding sequence of GFP at their C-termini and the fusions have been used to monitor their localization within cells using fluorescent microscopy. Normally these proteins are efficiently incorporated into ribosomes and exported into the cytoplasm where they exhibit a low uniform fluorescence. However, these Rps2- and Rpl25-GFP proteins accumulate in the nucleus of mutants defective in ribosome biogenesis or export. Here, we describe a single-cell quantitative method to assess the nuclear accumulation of ribosomal proteins using cytometry and biostatistics. This assay was developed for use with GFP reporters for ribosome biogenesis in budding yeast but could be adapted for use with any GFP reporter that accumulates into the nucleus under adverse conditions.
Design of smartphone-based spectrometer to assess fresh meat color

Based on its integrated camera, new optical attachment, and inherent computing power, we propose an instrument design and validation that can potentially provide an objective and accurate method to determine surface meat color change and myoglobin redox forms using a smartphone-based spectrometer. System is designed to be used as a reflection spectrometer which mimics the conventional spectrometry commonly used for meat color assessment. We utilize a 3D printing technique to make an optical cradle which holds all of the optical components for light collection, collimation, dispersion, and a suitable chamber. A light, which reflects a sample, enters a pinhole and is subsequently collimated by a convex lens. A diffraction grating spreads the wavelength over the camera’s pixels to display a high resolution of spectrum. Pixel values in the smartphone image are translated to calibrate the wavelength values through three laser pointers which have different wavelength; 405, 532, 650 nm. Using an in-house app, the camera images are converted into a spectrum in the visible wavelength range based on the exterior light source. A controlled experiment simulating the refrigeration and shelving of the meat has been conducted and the results showed the capability to accurately measure the color change in quantitative and spectroscopic manner. We expect that this technology can be adapted to any smartphone and used to conduct a field-deployable color spectrum assay as a more practical application tool for various food sectors.
Management of Pediatric Nasal Surgery (Rhinoplasty).

Nasal surgery in children, most often performed after trauma, can be performed safely in selected patients with articulate, deliberate, and conscientious operative plan. All nasal surgery in children seeks to avoid disruption of the growth centers, preserving and optimizing nasal growth while improving the form and function of the nose. A solid appreciation of long-term outcomes and effects on growth remain elusive.
Genetic and Clinical Features Associated with Recurrence in Atypical Meningioma

Up to 40% of meningiomas correspond to non-benign subtypes associated with two-fold increased relative risk of local failure and four-fold relative excess risk of death. Among them atypical grade II meningiomas comprise over 90% of cases and exhibit heterogeneous clinical outcomes. Several recent studies have performed detailed clinical and molecular-genetic characterization of these neoplasms in order to clarify their pathogenesis and elucidate potential predictive, prognostic and therapeutic markers that may help guide clinical management. Results of these investigations have implicated gain of genetic material on chromosome 1q with increased recurrence and/or progression of tumor and have identified associations of bone involvement with both progression and death in atypical meningioma. Important future challenges in meningioma research include the investigation of large-scale and focal genomic alterations in multi-institutional collaborations and the assessment of whether more thorough bone assessment and bone-directed treatment can improve the heterogeneous outcomes in the unpredictable atypical subtype of the disease.
Adherence to clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of candidemia at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to examine the appropriateness of candidemia management at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center as recommended by the 2009 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines for treatment of Candida infections. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 94 adult patients with blood cultures positive for Candida spp. was performed. Patients were stratified by severity of disease into two groups: non-neutropenic, mild-moderate disease (Group 1, n = 54, 56%) and non-neutropenic, moderate-severe disease (Group 2, n = 40, 42%). Results: Adherence to the IDSA recommendations for recommended antifungal drug, dose, and duration of therapy was low in both groups (16.7% in Group 1 and 17.5% in Group 2). Although adherence was not associated with higher clinical resolution of infection (P = 0.111), it was associated with a significantly lower mortality rate (P = 0.001) when compared to variance from the guidelines at 6 weeks. Conclusion: Although adherence to published guidelines for treating patients with candidemia was suboptimal at our institution, patients that were managed based on the guidelines had a statistically lower mortality rate.
Association of QT interval with mortality by kidney function: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

Objective Prolonged QT interval predisposes to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. However, the association between QT interval and mortality by the level of pre-existing kidney function has not been investigated. Methods We followed 6565 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III for a median of 13.3 years. Sample divided according to corrected QT (QTc) interval was as follows: normal (QTc 60 mL/min/1.73 m2; (2) CKD by eGFR only (eGFR 30 mg/g, eGFR >60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and (4) CKD by both. Cox proportional hazards models were used. Results CKD group had prolonged QTc than those without CKD (20.5%vs12.9%, p Conclusion A screening ECG in those with CKD may help in finer risk stratification and may be considered.
Super-resolution imaging identifies PARP1 and the Ku complex acting as DNA double-strand break sensors

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are fatal DNA lesions and activate a rapid DNA damage response. However, the earliest stage of DSB sensing remains elusive. Here, we report that PARP1 and the Ku70/80 complex localize to DNA lesions considerably earlier than other DSB sensors. Using super-resolved fluorescent particle tracking, we further examine the relocation kinetics of PARP1 and the Ku70/80 complex to a single DSB, and find that PARP1 and the Ku70/80 complex are recruited to the DSB almost at the same time. Notably, only the Ku70/80 complex occupies the DSB exclusively in the G1 phase; whereas PARP1 competes with the Ku70/80 complex at the DSB in the S/G2 phase. Moreover, in the S/G2 phase, PARP1 removes the Ku70/80 complex through its enzymatic activity, which is further confirmed by in vitro DSB-binding assays. Taken together, our results reveal PARP1 and the Ku70/80 complex as critical DSB sensors, and suggest that PARP1 may function as an important regulator of the Ku70/80 complex at the DSBs in the S/G2 phase.
Probing Tunneling Spin Injection into Graphene via Bias Dependence

The bias dependence of spin injection in graphene lateral spin valves is systematically studied to determine the factors affecting the tunneling spin injection efficiency. Three types of junctions are investigated, including MgO and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) tunnel barriers and direct contacts. A dc bias current applied to the injector electrode induces a strong nonlinear bias dependence of the nonlocal spin signal for both MgO and hBN tunnel barriers. Furthermore, this signal reverses its sign at a negative dc bias for both kinds of tunnel barriers. The analysis of the bias dependence for injector electrodes with a wide range of contact resistances suggests that the sign reversal correlates with bias voltage rather than current. We consider different mechanisms for nonlinear bias dependence and conclude that the energy-dependent spin-polarized electronic structure of the ferromagnetic electrodes, rather than the electrical field-induced spin drift effect or spin filtering effect of the tunnel barrier, is the most likely explanation of the experimental observations.
ESTROGEN RECEPTOR-BASED AGENTS FOR IMAGING BREAST TUMORS: BINDING SELECTIVITY AS A BASIS FOR DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION

Abstract The presence of estrogen receptors in the majority of human breast tumors provides an opportunity for selective localization of γ-emitting estrogens. It is necessary that the radiopharmaceuticals be prepared with high specific activity (1000 Ci/mmole), and that they have both high affinity for receptor as well as low affinity for non-receptor proteins. The binding selectivity index (BSI) for an estrogen radiopharmaceutical is defined as the ratio of its affinity for the estrogen receptor to that of its affinity for non-receptor proteins. The BSI of any new compound can be evaluated by a combination of in vitro binding measurements and calculations based on octanol-water partition coefficients. We have prepared several steroidal and non-steroidal estrogen analogues, bearing halogen substituents in non-radiolabeled form, and we have prepared in radiolabeled form several of those whose BSI was high. The agents show highly selective uptakes by the uterus and by DMBA-induced mammary tumors in rats. The target tissue uptake selectivity (determined in vivo ) parallels closely the BSI measured in vitro. Receptor binding affinity alone, however, is a poor predictor of the in vivo uptake selectivity. Images of DMBA-induced mammary tumors in rats were observed with 16- 77 Br-bromoestradiol.
Genetic variation in a subtropical population of Daphnia

We assayed a subtropical population of Daphnia ambigua for genetic variation using protein electrophoresis (9 loci) and quantitative genetics approaches (life history characters). Our goal was to obtain information about relative levels of variation in a subtropical population, and compare them with extensive previous studies in the temperate and arctic zones. The observed level of allozymic variation (H = 0.11) was consistent with those previously observed in other temperate zone Daphnia populations. However, variation for quantitative traits (heritability) was lower than typically observed in previously-studied temperate populations: estimates were not statistically different from zero. Because allozyme heterozygosity was consistent with previous temperate zone estimates, and the polymorphic allozyme loci did not depart from the expectations of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we concluded that a period of clonal selection was the most likely explanation for the low heritabilities observed. We do not conclude that this study provides evidence to suggest that subtropical populations harbor lower levels of genetic variation because of their location.
Previous cesarean delivery associated with subsequent preterm birth in the United States

Abstract Objective To examine the relationship between previous cesarean delivery and subsequent preterm birth in the second pregnancy among women in the United States with registered birth records. Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing United States birth certificate data to generate the study population, which consisted of women delivering a singleton infant in their second live birth (n = 1,076,517) in the year 2016. Preterm birth and previous cesarean delivery measures were derived from United States birth certificates. Covariates included maternal age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, payer source for delivery, pre-pregnancy body mass index, previous preterm birth, interpregnancy interval, and factors in the second pregnancy such as hypertensive disorders, diabetes, and cigarette use, trimester prenatal care began, weight gain during pregnancy, and presence of congenital anomalies. Women who experienced a cesarean delivery in the first pregnancy were compared to those who did not. Results When controlling for all covariates, women who had a cesarean delivery in their first pregnancy were 14% more likely to have a preterm birth in their second pregnancy (OR = 1.137, 95% CI = 1.117–1.158) compared to women who had not previously experienced a cesarean delivery. When risk was analyzed by sub categories of preterm birth based on gestational age, a differential association was noted, with a 10% increased risk of delivering before 34 weeks, a 1% increased risk for delivery between 34–36 weeks and no increased risk for delivery after 36 weeks compared to delivery at 39–40 weeks. Conclusion This small, but statistically significant association between previous cesarean section and subsequent preterm birth suggests that efforts to reduce the number of index cesarean sections may contribute to reducing the overall preterm birth rate in the United States.
Phase-2 trial of palbociclib in adult patients with recurrent RB1-positive glioblastoma.

Alterations in the CDK4/6—RB signaling pathway are common causes of cell cycle dysregulation in many cancers, including glioblastoma. Palbociclib is an oral inhibitor of CDK4/6, which leads to phosphorylation of RB1 and cell-cycle arrest. We conducted a two-arm study evaluating efficacy and tissue pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of palbociclib in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Eligibility criteria included confirmation of RB1 proficiency by IHC; ≤ 3 relapses; KPS ≥ 60; no limit on prior treatments. Arm 1 received palbociclib for 7 days prior to indicated resection followed by adjuvant palbociclib. Arm 2 received palbociclib without resection. Primary objective was PFS6; secondary included toxicity, OS, and ORR. Exploratory aims included biomarker assessment and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic effects in surgical patients. Total of 22 patients were enrolled; 6 on Arm 1 and 16 on Arm 2. Trial was stopped early secondary to lack of efficacy, with 95% of evaluable patients progressing within 6 months. Median PFS was 5.14 weeks (range 5 days–142 weeks) and median OS was 15.4 weeks (range 2–274 weeks). Two patients (10%) had related grade ≥ 3 AEs. In Arm 1, 5 patients had tissue concentrations of palbociclib felt to be sufficient for biological effect and paired samples available for RB1 IHC. There were no consistent changes in RB1 expression or cell proliferation in the paired tissue. In this trial, despite adequate tissue PK, palbociclib monotherapy was not an effective treatment for recurrent glioblastoma. However, these were heavily pretreated patients and targeting the CDK4/6 pathway may still deserve further exploration.
Writing With Wearables? Young Children’s Intra-Active Authoring and the Sounds of Emplaced Invention:

Drawing upon conceptual approaches in sound studies, posthuman literacies, and new materialisms, this article highlights how writing for young learners is always already an emplaced invention of wi...
Necessary But Not Sufficient: Why Health Care Alone Cannot Improve Population Health and Reduce Health Inequities

The health of Americans is in decline, a crisis that has been building for some years. Since the 1980s, US life expectancy has risen at a slower pace than in other countries. United States life expectancy peaked in 2012 and is now falling, while life expectancy in other countries continues to
Virtual Reality Simulations and Writing: a Neuroimaging Study in Science Education

This study investigates the role that textbooks, virtual reality (VR), and mixed approaches (i.e., text and VR) can play in the development of the two writing types, summary and argument writing. This study uses hemodynamics as a proxy for learning. Differences in hemodynamic responses during writing tasks were measured across four different pedagogical modalities: VR alone, VR followed by textbook readings, textbook readings followed by VR, and textbook readings alone. Adult students N = 80, recruited from non-science-based higher education programs, responded to two prompts related to content found in the VR environment and discussed in the textbook. The authors hypothesized that exposure to a virtual marine environment prior to writing would enhance the two writing products, when compared with participants who only had access to textbook experiences. Of the four conditions participants exposed to the VR environment then a textbook demonstrated significantly greater hemodynamic response than those who had access to VR alone or text alone.
Analyzing a Compenastor for Unbalanced Loading due to Electric Vehicle Integration

With the increasing popularity of electric vehicles (EVs), wide spread integration of these EVs are inevitable. The utility must be ready to integrate these EVs as customers start mass adoption. The engineering community is already worried about the increasing loading for residential feeders purely due to the increased load power of the EVs. Yet, a commonly simplified or overlooked part of the power system analysis is unbalanced current and unbalanced loads. Unfortunately, we cannot control who and when customers will purchase and charge EVs. Most likely, EVs will be popular in higher wealth neighborhood first while lower income neighborhoods might not ever purchase EVs. This will cause a load unbalance in distribution feeders. With Current’s Physical Components (CPC) theory we can understand unbalance loading and quantify its detrimental effects on the power system. Given the severity of the detrimental effects, a passive compensator can be designed and installed to mitigate the unbalanced loading. This will return the feeder to a more ideal balanced system. The effectiveness and side effects of this compensator will be studied and simulated with EV chargers being placed on a distribution feeder.
Effect of fines on length of checkout and overdues in a medical library.

L'amende due lors d'un retard de retour de pret dans les bibliotheques ne suscite pas forcement la personne a rendre l'ouvrage a temps. Il faut prendre en compte la conscience de l'emprunteur et le fait qu'il a termine de lire le livre
Zella Luria (1924–2018).

Presents the obituary of Zella Luria (1924 -2018). Zella Luria, a pioneering female psychologist, passed away peacefully on June 10, 2018, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Luria is best known for her work on the development of gender identity and sexuality. Her contributions formed part of a shift in the field at large away from learning theory and toward the cognitive revolution of the 1970s. To friends and colleagues, Zella was also known for her political activism and commitment to social justice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Secure Deployment of Containerized IoT Systems

Internet of Things (IoT) popularity and complexity has grown at an accelerating rate. As a result, IoT security is more critical than ever before. Many services attempt to simplify the bottlenecks of IoT infrastructure, development and deployment which previously fell to developers. However, these services are often proprietary and insecure. In this paper, we explore an alternative IoT service model that uses Docker to securely bootstrap an IoT network running on 3 Raspberry Pis. This service uses containerization technology with Linux to abstract architectural details, software update mechanisms, and network security away from the developer. Devices authenticate and communicate with a remote server using private key cryptography, while OTA updates are delivered via the Docker registry. We show that this model satisfies modern security standards of lightweight technology and fulfills expectations of a deployment platform.