cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mary I, Queen of England: Historiographical Essay, 2006 to Present

In the last decade, scholarly interest in the life of Mary I, the first English queen regnant, has greatly increased. Beginning in 2006, ten scholarly books and several articles and essays about her have been published. In 2006, David Loades, then her only modern academic biographer, updated his 1989 study, although admitting that he had not “changed his mind about her in striking ways.”1 His conceptualization followed closely the Victorian attitude, furthered by A.F. Pollard, of a tragical “woeful figure.”2 With this negativism in mind, the other, mostly positive, publications will be evaluated. The result is a historiography with more realistic evaluations of her reign within the complexity of sixteenth-century gender, and religious and cultural attitudes.
The impact of multisensory instruction on learning letter names and sounds, word reading, and spelling

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the use of simultaneous multisensory structured language instruction promoted better letter name and sound production, word reading, and word spelling for second grade children with typical development (N = 6) or with dyslexia (N = 5) than structured language instruction alone. The use of non-English graphemes (letters) to represent two pretend languages was used to control for children’s lexical knowledge. A multiple baseline, multiple probe across subjects single-case design, with an embedded alternating treatments design, was used to compare the efficacy of multisensory and structured language interventions. Both interventions provided explicit systematic phonics instruction; however, the multisensory intervention also utilized simultaneous engagement of at least two sensory modalities (visual, auditory, and kinesthetic/tactile). Participant’s graphed data was visually analyzed, and individual Tau-U and weighted Tau-U effect sizes were calculated for the outcome variables of letter name production, letter sound production, word reading, and word spelling. The multisensory intervention did not provide an advantage over the structured intervention for participants with typical development or dyslexia. However, both interventions had an overall treatment effect for participants with typical development and dyslexia, although intervention effects varied by outcome variable.
Non-operative management of medial meniscus posterior horn root tears is associated with worsening arthritis and poor clinical outcome at 5-year follow-up

Medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs) are a significant source of pain and dysfunction, but little is known about the natural history and outcome and for non-operative management of these lesions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate (1) the mid-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of non-operative treatment of MMPRTs and (2) risk factors for worse outcomes. A retrospective review was performed for patients with symptomatic, unrepaired MMPRTs and a minimum 2-year follow-up for IKDC and Tegner outcome scores. Baseline and final radiographs were reviewed and graded according to Kellgren–Lawrence scores. Baseline MRIs were reviewed for the presence of meniscal extrusion, subchondral oedema, and insufficiency fractures. Failure was defined as conversion to arthroplasty or severely abnormal patient subjective IKDC score. Fifty-two patients (21M:31F) with a mean age of 58 ± 10 years were diagnosed with symptomatic MMPRTs clinically and confirmed by MRI and followed for a mean of 62 ± 30 months. Sixteen patients (31 %) underwent total knee arthroplasty at a mean of 30 ± 32 months after diagnosis with higher Kellgren–Lawrence grades associated with increased rates of arthroplasty (p = 0.01). Mean IKDC scores for the remaining patients were 61.2 ± 21 with significantly lower scores in females compared to males (75 ± 12 vs. 49 ± 20; p = 0.03). Mean Kellgren–Lawrence grades and rates of arthritis progressed over time on radiographs (1.5 ± 0.7 vs. 2.4 ± 1.0; p < 0.001 and 78 % vs. 51 %; p = 0.01). Overall, 87 % of patients failed non-operative treatment. Non-operative treatment of medial meniscus posterior horn root tears is associated with poor clinical outcome, worsening arthritis, and a relatively high rate of arthroplasty at 5-year follow-up. Female gender was associated with lower subjective scores and higher rate of arthroplasty. The current study provides a natural history benchmark for clinical outcomes that can be expected in patients with medial meniscus posterior horn root tears undergoing non-operative treatment and helps in counselling patients with these types of injuries. IV.
Lying, honor, and contradiction

This essay focuses on the ways in which meaning emerges in the practical reality of the everyday world rather than on the formal construction of systems of classification and symbolism.1 With a particular concentration on the manifold practices of what will be called “lying,” I shall try to show the way in which individuals in a Lebanese village negotiate and transact about the most important area of value in any culture, social personality and the significance with which behavior is invested. I shall go on to argue that kizb, the Arabic word translated here as “lying,” is a fundamental element not only of specific situations and individual actions, but of the cultural universe as a whole; and that further it is the product of, and produces in
Serum fluoxetine and norfluoxetine levels support the safety of fluoxetine in overdose

Background Previous literature has found fluoxetine to be relatively safe in overdose. This study hopes to examine this idea along with support from published pharmacokinetic information including serum fluoxetine and norfluoxetine levels based on information from a clinical case series.
On a homotopy relation between the 2-local geometry and the Bouc complex for the sporadic group Co 3

We study the homotopy relation between the standard 2-local geometry ¢ and the Bouc com- plex for the sporadic group Co3. We also give a result concerning the relative projectivity of the reduced Lefschetz module ~ L(¢). If G is a Lie group in natural characteristic p, then the Tits building is the simplicial complex on the maximal parabolic subgroups of G. The Bouc complex jBp(G)j, in this case the complex of unipotent radicals, is the barycentric subdivision of the Tits building. In the 70's and 80's, Buekenhout (4), Ronan and Smith (11) and Ronan and Stroth (12) constructed various geometries for the sporadic simple groups in an attempt to generalize the Tits buildings for Lie groups. Also, Brown (5), Quillen (10), Bouc (6) and others were considering various collections of p-subgroups related to group cohomology. In his expository paper, Webb (16) noted the connections between the group geometries and the subgroup complexes, and investigated the associated Lefschetz modules and the corre- sponding homology decompositions. Webb's paper contains speciflc calculations, with details from various authors, on geometries and subgroup complexes.
Atmospheric correction of hyperspectral airborne GCAS measurements over the Louisiana Shelf using a cloud shadow approach

As an image-driven method to correct for atmospheric effects, the cloud shadow CS approach does not require accurate radiometric calibration of the sensor, making it feasible to process remotely sensed data when radiometric calibration may contain non-negligible uncertainties. Using measurements from the Geostationary Coastal and Air Pollution Events Airborne Simulator and from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer over the Louisiana Shelf, we evaluate the CS approach to airplane measurements in turbid-water environments. The original CS approach somehow produced remote-sensing reflectance Rrs, sr−1 with an abnormal spectral shape, likely a result of the assumption of identical path radiance for the pair of pixels in and out of the shadow, which is not exactly valid for measurements made from a low-altitude airplane. To overcome this limitation, an empirical scheme using an effective wavelength-dependent radiance reflectance for the cloud γ, sr−1 was developed and reasonable GCAS Rrs retrievals are then generated, which were further validated against in situ Rrs. Issues and challenges in applying CS to measurements of low-altitude airplanes are discussed.
Decoupling of superposed textures in an electrically biased piezoceramic with a 100 preferred orientation

A method leveraging Rietveld full-pattern texture analysis to decouple induced domain texture from a preferred grain orientation is presented. The proposed method is demonstrated by determining the induced domain texture in a polar polymorph of 100 oriented 0.91Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3-0.07BaTiO3-0.02K0.5Na0.5NbO3. Domain textures determined using the present method are compared with results obtained via single peak fitting. Texture determined using single peak fitting estimated more domain alignment than that determined using the Rietveld based method. These results suggest that the combination of grain texture and phase transitions can lead to single peak fitting under or over estimating domain texture. While demonstrated for a bulk piezoelectric, the proposed method can be applied to quantify domain textures in multi-component systems and thin films.
Optimum outcome achievement in partial nephrectomy for T1 renal masses: a contemporary analysis of open and robot‐assisted cases

Objectives To compare optimum outcome achievement in open partial nephrectomy (OPN) with that in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN). Patients and methods Using our institutional partial nephrectomy (PN) database, we reviewed 605 cases performed for unifocal clinical T1 renal masses in non-solitary kidneys between 2011 and 2015. Tetrafecta, which was defined as negative surgical margins, freedom from peri-operative complications, ≥80% renal function preservation, and no chronic kidney disease upstaging, was chosen as the composite optimum outcome. Factors associated with tetrafecta achievement were assessed using multivariable logistic regression, with adjustment for age, gender, race, Charlson comorbidity score, body mass index, chronic kidney disease, tumour size, tumour complexity and approach. Results The overall tetrafecta achievement rate was 38%. Negative margins, freedom from complications, and optimum functional preservation were achieved in 97.1%, 73.6% and 54.2% of cases, respectively. For T1a masses, the tetrafecta achievement rate was similar between approaches (P = 0.97), but for T1b masses, the robot-assisted approach achieved significantly higher tetrafecta rates (43.0% vs 21.3%; P < 0.01). On multivariable analysis, the robot-assisted approach had 2.6-fold higher odds of tetrafecta achievement than the open approach, primarily because of lower peri-operative morbidity, specifically related to wound complications. Positive surgical margin rates and renal function preservation were similar in the two approaches. Conclusions Optimum outcomes are readily achieved regardless of PN approach. The robot-assisted approach may facilitate optimum outcome achievement for 4–7-cm masses by minimizing wound complications.
Job Sequencing Bounds from Decision Diagrams

In recent research, decision diagrams have proved useful for the solution of discrete optimization problems. Their success relies on the use of relaxed decision diagrams to obtain bounds on the optimal value, either through a node merger or a node splitting mechanism. We investigate the potential of node merger to provide bounds for dynamic programming models that do not otherwise have a practical relaxation, in particular the job sequencing problem with time windows and state-dependent processing times. We prove general conditions under which a node merger operation yields a valid relaxation and apply them to job sequencing. Computational experiments show that, surprisingly, relaxed diagrams prove the optimal value when their size is only a small fraction of the size of an exact diagram. On the other hand, a relaxed diagram of fixed size ceases to provide a useful bound as the instances scale up.
Effects of the Girl Squad Curriculum on Grade 5 Females' Transition to Middle School

The study measured the impact of a gender-specific school counseling curriculum, Girl Squad (GS), on Grade 5 females' (n = 151) perceptions of relational aggressive, prosocial behaviors, and connec...
American Red Cross Uses Analytics-Based Methods to Improve Blood-Collection Operations

In this study, we describe a regional-level cryoprecipitate (cryo)-collection project at the American Red Cross Southern Region, one of the 36 Red Cross regions in the United States, which serves more than 120 hospitals in the Southern part of the country. Managing collections for cryo units is particularly challenging because producing cryo requires the collected whole blood to be processed within 8 hours after collection; for all other blood products, this time constraint is at least 24 hours. This project focuses on dynamically determining when and from which mobile collection sites the American Red Cross Southern Region should collect whole blood for cryo production, such that it meets its weekly collection targets and minimizes its collection costs. To solve this problem, we developed a new collection model, which allows different types of collections at the same collection site and developed a dynamic programming approach to solve the problem to near optimality. Analyzing the dynamic programming res...
Traumatic Brain Injury News Reports and Participation in High School Tackle Football.

This study analyzes news reports and high school participation data to determine whether there is an association between traumatic brain injury concerns and declining participation of adolescent boys in high school tackle football.
Comparative Survival following Initial Cytoreductive Nephrectomy versus Initial Targeted Therapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

Purpose: The optimal sequence of cytoreductive nephrectomy and targeted therapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma is unclear. We compared overall survival between patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with initial cytoreductive nephrectomy with or without subsequent targeted therapy vs initial targeted therapy with or without subsequent cytoreductive nephrectomy.Materials and Methods: We evaluated the records of cases in the National Cancer Database diagnosed with metastatic renal cell carcinoma between 2006 and 2013 who were treated with cytoreductive nephrectomy and/or targeted therapy. Receipt of targeted therapy after initial cytoreductive nephrectomy and cytoreductive nephrectomy after initial targeted therapy were evaluated on competing risks analyses. To account for treatment selection bias, inverse probability of treatment weighting was performed based on the propensity to receive initial cytoreductive nephrectomy or initial targeted therapy. Overall survival was compared between ...
Approaching formative scripture: reading with both head and heart.

Scripture continues to play a very important role in my formative walk with God, yet keeping both “head” and “heart” in my Scripture reading and study has been a challenge. Two helpful insights for...
Evaluation of renal markers of T1D in Sprague-Dawley exposed to 2-aminoanthracene.

The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and its associated risks of chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease development are on the rise. T1D is an autoimmune disease in which insulin-producing beta cells are destroyed. Increased incidence of T1D has been suggested to be a result of environmental factors such as exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). 2-aminoanthracene (2AA) is a PAH that has been associated with the onset of early diabetic symptoms. This study was conducted to assess if 2AA dietary ingestion would induce T1D renal injuries. To accomplish study goals, Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into three 2AA dietary (0, 50, and 100 mg/kg-2AA) ingestion groups for 12 weeks. Animals were evaluated for various morphometric indices, clinical markers, and gene expression. The rats in the 100 mg/kg group lost 5% less weight than the other treatment groups and converted roughly 3% more of their food intake into body mass. Renal histopathology indicated no significant difference between groups. The kidney weight per bodyweight of the 100 mg/kg treatment group was 30.1% greater than the control group. Creatinine concentration of the 100 mg/kg group was 46.2% greater than the control group. Serum glucose levels were significantly elevated in rats exposed to 2AA. On the contrary, serum albumin concentration was significantly reduced in 2AA-treated rats. T1D and genetic markers of renal injury such as FABP1, SPP1, IL-1B, and IL-7 were elevated in treated groups. These results suggest that 2AA may induce the early diabetic renal injuries.
Basic Concepts of Metamorphic Petrology

Metamorphism usually takes place in response to a rise of temperature. Progressive changes brought about in rocks by rising temperature are called progressive metamorphism. Successive rises of temperature bring about a series of reactions, which might be understood as changes of mineral assemblages approximately at equilibrium. In many cases, however, some minerals which formed at a lower temperature remain as unstable relics in the core of minerals that formed later.
Impacts of global carbon pricing on international trade, modal choice and emissions from international transport

Abstract Transportation is one of the significant sources of global anthropogenic emissions, generating about 14% of global Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG) with the largest contribution from ground transportation followed by air and water transport. However, international climate agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol or Paris Agreement focused mostly on the regulation of production emissions without considering transport emissions in policy regulations. In this paper I analyze the effects of global carbon pricing on international trade and modal choice in the transportation of goods between countries, and resulting changes in international transport emissions. For this purpose I modify the Energy-environmental version of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP-E) model to allow for substitution among different modes of transport. I find that a global GHG tax increases the competitiveness of transport services exports from the most developed countries which exhibit relatively low economic emissions intensities, while having a negative effect of services exports from most developing regions, which have relatively higher emissions rates per dollar of transport services. The findings also indicate that when international transport emissions and modal substitution are considered in global emissions regulation policies there is significant impact on the expected reduction in global emissions and global warming.
Planning for Achieving Sustainability

This chapter is about the major planning models that water utilities use to monitor and manage their short- and long-term operations. This chapter briefly describes general utility planning then focuses on elements of strategic planning. General Utility Planning (GUP) consists of two distinct but related areas: operations planning and capital improvement planning. Strategic Sustainability Planning (SSP) consists of a combination of elements from three planning models: strategic planning, asset management planning, and financial planning.
Exploring Design Trade-offs in Fault-Tolerant Behavioral Hardware Accelerators

High-Level Synthesis (HLS) allows the automatic generation of hardware accelerators with unique design metrics. This work leverages this unique feature and presents a method to increase the search space of fault-tolerant hardware accelerators. The proposed method is based on a two-stage approach that automatically generates Pareto-optimal configurations for the hardware accelerators with different area, performance and reliability to mitigate the effect of soft errors. The first stage performs a source-to-source transformation on the behavioral description to annotate the N-modular redundancy directly at the source code including the voter, while the second stage then performs a HLS design space exploration (DSE) on this newly obtained behavioral description. Compared to performing the exploration on a single module and then replicating the accelerator N times, the proposed exploration strategy leads to a much richer search space. Experiments show that our proposed method leads to better results compared to the state-of-the-art by expanding the search space considerably.
Randomized, controlled, crossover trial of prevention of antibiotic-induced gastrointestinal signs using a synbiotic mixture in healthy research dogs.

Background Synbiotics decrease antibiotic-associated gastrointestinal signs (AAGS) in cats, but data supporting synbiotic use to ameliorate AAGS in dogs are lacking. Objectives To determine if administration of synbiotics mitigates AAGS in dogs. Animals Twenty-two healthy research dogs. Methods Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, 2-way, 2-period, crossover study with an 8-week washout period. Each period included a 1-week baseline and 3-week treatment phase. Dogs received enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg PO q24h) and metronidazole (12.5 mg/kg PO q12h), followed 1 hour later by a bacterial/yeast synbiotic combination or placebo. Food intake, vomiting, and fecal score were compared using repeated-measures crossover analyses, with P Results Hyporexia, vomiting, and diarrhea occurred in 41% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21-64), 77% (95% CI, 55-92), and 100% (95% CI, 85-100) of dogs, respectively, during the first treatment period. Derangements in food intake were smaller in both periods for dogs receiving synbiotics (F-value, 5.1; P = .04) with treatment-by-period interactions (F-value, 6.0; P = .02). Days of vomiting differed over time (F-value, 4.7; P = .006). Fecal scores increased over time (F-value, 33.5; P Conclusions and clinical importance Enrofloxacin/metronidazole administration is associated with a high frequency of AAGS. Synbiotic administration decreases food intake derangements. The presence of milder AAGS in period 2 suggests that clinical effects of synbiotics persist >9 weeks after discontinuation, mitigating AAGS in dogs being treated with antibiotics followed by placebo.
Maternal reporting of prepregnancy weight and birth outcome: consistency and completeness compared with the clinical record.

Objectives: We examined whether data obtained by maternal report could be used for research in clinical settings in place of abstraction of the clinical record. Method: Reported prepregnancy weight, delivery type, and infant's birth date, birth weight, and length were compared to the same information from the clinical record. Results: Reported data, obtained from 198 women, were more complete than data in the 168 clinical records obtained. Prepregnancy weight from the clinical record was highly correlated with weight measured by us in early pregnancy, and with the value reported by the mother (differing significantly only in underweight women, who overreported by 2.4 lbs). There was complete concordance on birth date and method of delivery, and no significant differences in mean birth weight or length, between the reported and recorded information. Conclusion: The mother's report is a satisfactory substitute for clinical record data, being consistent with the record, and more complete, yet easier to obtain for clinical studies.
Measuring and Describing Occupational Therapists’ Perceptions of the Impact of High-Fidelity, High-Technology Simulation Experiences on Performance

Importance: As the use of simulation in occupational therapy education continues to increase, so too does the need for continued research on its impact on clinical practice performance and the value of simulation as a pedagogic method. Objective: To develop a survey to measure the perceived impact of high-fidelity, high-technology simulation experiences during occupational therapy education on occupational therapists’ performance and to describe occupational therapists’ perceptions of the impact of simulation on clinical skills. Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Setting: Online survey administration. Participants: Occupational therapists completed an online survey to measure their perceptions of the impact of high-fidelity, high-technology simulation experiences on essential skills in four performance domains: confidence, knowledge, clinical skills, and patient safety skills. Results: Sixty-seven occupational therapists perceived participation in simulation experiences during occupational therapy education had more impact on transferring clients and using safe body mechanics than on communicating with clients, assessing vital signs, or applying clinical reasoning. The survey items had evidence of content validity, and scores showed good internal consistency reliability. Conclusions: Survey results suggested high-fidelity, high-technology simulation during occupational therapy education may affect clinical practice performance. Additional research is needed to determine the effectiveness of simulation education in preparing occupational therapists for clinical practice. What This Article Adds: The survey developed in this study is a reliable measure of the impact of simulation experiences on clinical practice performance of occupational therapists.
A step towards the automation of intracytoplasmic sperm injection: real time confirmation of mouse and human oocyte penetration and viability by electrical resistance measurement

Objective To evaluate if oocyte penetration and viability can be confirmed by an electrical resistance increase. Automated (robotic) intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) requires confirmation of oolemma penetration before sperm injection. Visual assessment using image processing algorithms have been developed but remain unreliable. We hypothesized that an increase in electrical resistance upon oolemma piercing during ICSI can serve as an objective tool to confirm oocyte penetration and viability. Design Experimental study. Setting Research laboratory in an academic center. Patients/Animals Oocytes from female mice and women undergoing oocyte retrieval procedure. Intervention Oolemma piercing attempts with the ICSI pipette were performed by advancing the pipette towards mature (metaphase II) oocytes collected from 6 to 12-week-old mice and immature (germinal vesicle stage and metaphase I) oocytes donated by women who underwent oocyte retrieval. Electrical resistance was measured using a conventional electrophysiological setup that includes an electrical resistance meter and two electrical wires located in the lumina of the holding and ICSI pipettes. Main Outcome Measure(S) The measure of interest was the change in electrical resistance (ΔR) before and after advancing the ICSI pipette in an attempt to penetrate an oocyte. The experiments of resistance measurements were done in 3 steps: Step 1 (proof of concept), penetrated vs. non-penetrated mouse oocytes. Step 2, mouse oocytes with visually intact oolemma vs. fragmented mouse oocytes. Step 3, human oocytes with visually intact oolemma vs. fragmented human oocytes. For each group, median and range (in parenthesis) of ΔR were determined in MΩ. Mann-Whitney test was performed to compare the two groups in each step. Results In Step 1, the penetrated mouse oocytes showed a statistically significant resistance increase compared to the non-penetrated ones (n = 20, median ΔR = 7.79 [2.57 – 106.00] vs. n = 15, median ΔR = 0.10 [-0.06 – 0.69], respectively. In Step 2, the mouse oocytes with visually intact oolemma showed a statistically significant resistance increase compared to the fragmented ones (n = 45, median ΔR = 6.5 [0.1 – 191.7] vs. n = 13, median ΔR = 0.1 [-0.3 – 2.2], respectively. In Step 3, the human oocytes with visually intact oolemma showed a statistically significant resistance increase compared to the fragmented ones (n = 96, median ΔR = 1.92 [-0.05 – 6.70] vs. n = 17, median ΔR = 0.11 [0.00 – 0.30], respectively. Conclusions An electrical resistance increase can serve as a reliable tool to confirm oocyte penetration and viability, independent of optical visualization. Following further validation and safety assessment, this technology can potentially be integrated into manual and robotic ICSI systems.
Atom-Economical, One-Pot, Self-Initiated Photopolymerization of Lactose Methacrylate for Biobased Hydrogels

An excess of lactose and lactose-rich milk permeate is produced by the dairy industry. The use of these waste products has been investigated for the preparation of sugar-based hydrogels. An environ...
Work-related injuries and illnesses and their association with hour of work: Analysis of the Oregon construction industry in the US using workers' compensation accepted disabling claims, 2007-2013.

Objectives This study aimed to characterize injuries and illnesses among construction workers in the State of Oregon in the US and examine the association between injury frequency and severity with hour of work by using Workers' Compensation (WC) accepted disabling claims data in the construction industry from 2007 to 2013. Methods Injury frequency, rate, medical cost, and lost work days were analyzed by year, demographics, employment, injury nature, and temporal factors including hour of work. Multiple linear regression models were used to quantify adjusted associations between hour of work and medical cost and lost work days (indicating injury severity). Results There were a total of 12 222 disabling claims in the Oregon construction industry. The average annual injury rate was 2.21 per 100 workers. Both the count and rate of disabling claims decreased during the study period. Male workers and young workers had higher injury rates, while medical cost and lost work days increased for older workers. Injuries occurring at night were more severe. The distribution of claims frequency by hour of work was bimodal, with peaks in the 4th and 8th hour. Compared with the first hour of work, the 5th and 13th hours corresponded to significantly more severe injuries and illnesses. Conclusions This study identified the burden and distribution of work-related injuries and illnesses in the Oregon construction industry. Continued intervention efforts should target certain subpopulations (eg, young workers) and certain working time periods (eg, mid- and end-shift) to protect construction workers' safety and health.
A state of the art Lambertson septum magnet of the RHIC beam injection system

Abstract The beam injection system of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is the last section of the beam transfer line which transports the beam from the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) to RHIC and comes under the acronym AtR (AGS to RHIC) ( https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/749599 , https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/749594 ). The Lambertson septum magnet is one of the magnetic elements of the RHIC injection system ( https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/749594 ). This paper presents results from the 2D and 3D electromagnetic design of the RHIC Lambertson septum magnet which has unique design features to minimize the magnetic field at the circulated beam region including the fringe field regions at the entrance and exit of the magnet.
Characterization of acidosis in trauma patient

Background: Recent data suggest that acidosis alone is not a good predictor of mortality in trauma patients. Little data are currently available regarding factors associated with survival in trauma patients presenting with acidosis. Aims: The aims were to characterize the outcomes of trauma patients presenting with acidosis and to identify modifiable risk factors associated with mortality in these patients. Settings and Design: This is a retrospective observational study of University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) trauma patients between November 23, 2013, and May 21, 2017. Methods: Data were collected from the UAMS trauma registry. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. Analyses were performed using t-test and Pearson's Chi-squared test. Simple and multiple logistic regressions were performed to determine crude and adjusted odds ratios. Results: There were 532 patients identified and 64.7% were acidotic (pH −8, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ≤ 8, systolic blood pressure ≤ 90, International Normalized Ratio (INR) >1.6, and Injury Severity Score (ISS) >15. Mortality was significantly higher with a pH ≤ 7.2 but mortality with a pH 7.2–7.35 was comparable to pH > 7.35. In the adjusted model, pH ≤ 7.0, pH 7.0–7.2, INR > 1.6, GCS ≤ 8, and ISS > 15 were associated with increased mortality. For patients with a pH ≤ 7.2, only INR was associated with increase in mortality. Conclusions: A pH ≤ 7.2 is associated with increased mortality. For patients in this range, only the presence of coagulopathy is associated with increased mortality. A pH > 7.2 may be an appropriate treatment goal for acidosis. Further work is needed to identify and target potentially modifiable factors in patients with acidosis such as coagulopathy.
Successful Peripheral Vascular Intervention in Patients with High-risk Comorbidities or Lesion Characteristics.

Certain comorbidities and lesion characteristics are associated with increased risk for procedural complications, limb events, and cardiovascular events following peripheral vascular intervention (PVI) in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of high-risk modifiable and unmodifiable patient characteristics and its relative impact on clinical outcomes such as amputation risk and mortality. Furthermore, general approaches to potentially mitigating these risks through pre-intervention planning and use of modern devices and techniques are discussed. Diabetes, tobacco use, and older age remain strong risk factors for the development of peripheral arterial disease. Recent data highlight the significant risk of polyvascular disease on major limb and cardiac events in advanced PAD, and ongoing studies are assessing this risk specifically after PVI. Challenging lesion characteristics such as calcified disease and chronic total occlusions can be successfully treated with PVI by utilizing novel devices (e.g., intravascular lithotripsy, re-entry devices) and techniques (e.g., subintimal arterial “flossing” with antegrade-retrograde intervention). Understanding high-risk patient comorbidities and lesion characteristics will improve our ability to counsel and manage patients with advanced PAD. Continued device innovation and novel techniques will aid in procedural planning for successful interventions to improve clinical outcomes.
Anxiety sensitivity prospectively predicts pandemic-related distress.

Abstract Background Anxiety sensitivity (AS) is a well-studied transdiagnostic risk construct that is believed to amplify responses to many forms of stress. The COVID-19 pandemic is a broad stressor with significant physical and social threats. In the current study, we were interested in ascertaining the degree to which AS would relate to distress and disability in the context of COVID-19. We hypothesized that AS would be associated with increased distress and disability. Moreover, we hypothesized that AS would be uniquely predictive while controlling for other relevant risk factors such as age, race, and perceived local COVID-19 infection rates. Method Participants (N = 249) were U.S. adults assessed using online data resourcing and re-assessed one month later. Results At the first time point, during the beginning phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, AS was significantly related to COVID-19 distress and disability with a moderate effect size. AS was longitudinally associated with higher COVID-19 worry and depression. Limitations Our findings are limited by the use of a relatively small online sample. Additionally, assessment of pre-pandemic and post-pandemic symptoms and functioning would be beneficial for future research. Conclusions Taken together, the current study provided evidence consistent with AS as a causal risk factor for the development of distress and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Minimum 2-Year Functional Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Capsular Autograft Hip Labral Reconstruction.

Background:There is a paucity of literature on arthroscopic capsular autograft labral reconstruction.Purpose:To report midterm functional outcomes for patients undergoing acetabular labral repair w...
Extending LIME for Business Process Automation.

AI business process applications automate high-stakes business decisions where there is an increasing demand to justify or explain the rationale behind algorithmic decisions. Business process applications have ordering or constraints on tasks and feature values that cause lightweight, model-agnostic, existing explanation methods like LIME to fail. In response, we propose a local explanation framework extending LIME for explaining AI business process applications. Empirical evaluation of our extension underscores the advantage of our approach in the business process setting.
Translational Strategies for Repotrectinib in Neuroblastoma.

Limited clinical data are available regarding the utility of multikinase inhibition in neuroblastoma. Repotrectinib (TPX-0005) is a multikinase inhibitor that targets ALK, TRK, JAK2/STAT, and Src/FAK, which have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma. We evaluated the preclinical activity of repotrectinib monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy as a potential therapeutic approach for relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma. In vitro sensitivity to repotrectinib, ensartinib, and cytotoxic chemotherapy was evaluated in neuroblastoma cell lines. In vivo antitumor effect of repotrectinib monotherapy, and in combination with chemotherapy, was evaluated using a genotypically diverse cohort of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of neuroblastoma. Repotrectinib had comparable cytotoxic activity across cell lines irrespective of ALK mutational status. Combination with chemotherapy demonstrated increased antiproliferative activity across several cell lines. Repotrectinib monotherapy had notable antitumor activity and prolonged event-free survival compared with vehicle and ensartinib in PDX models (P
A leading-edge vortex initiation criteria for large amplitude foil oscillations using a discrete vortex model

A leading-edge vortex initiation criterion of an oscillating airfoil is shown to provide a means to predict the onset of leading-edge separation. This result is found to collapse the occurrence of separation during the oscillation cycle when scaled using the leading-edge shear velocity determined from the foil oscillating kinematic motion. This is of importance in developing low order models for predicting energy harvesting performance, as is shown in this study using an inviscid discrete vortex model (DVM). Results are obtained for a thin flat airfoil undergoing sinusoidal heaving and pitching motions with reduced frequencies of k=fc/U∞ in the range of 0.06–0.16, where f is the heaving frequency of the foil, c is the chord length, and U∞ is the freestream velocity. The airfoil pitches about the mid-chord, and the heaving and pitching amplitudes of the airfoil are ho=0.5c and θ0=70°, respectively, illustrating results for conditions near peak efficiency for energy harvesting. The DVM uses a panel method, applicable to a wide range of foil geometries. An empirical trailing-edge separation correction is also applied to the transient force results. The vortex shedding criterion is based on the transient local wall stress distribution determined using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, indicating the time and location of zero stress at the foil surface. In addition, the local pressure gradient minimum is also used as a local indicator. The effects of a wide range of Reynolds numbers on separation are shown for the given range of reduced frequencies. The use of the effective angle of attack, when modified to include the pitching component, is also shown to correlate the leading-edge vortex initiation time. The advantage of the proposed separation criteria is that it can be fully determined from the motion kinematics and then applied to a wide range of low order models. Model results are given for the transient lift force and compare well with the CFD simulations. It is noted that at higher reduced frequencies the DVM overpredicts portions of the transient loads possibly caused by the reversed viscous flow from the trailing edge.
The Elbow and Forearm: Congenital and Developmental Conditions

This chapter presents important normal anatomy and variants, including the supracondylar process and elbow fat pads. It then discusses a wide variety of congenital and developmental anomalies that affect the elbow, radius, and ulna. Several classification schemes of congenital developmental anomalies are presented. The more common entities, such as radial longitudinal deficiency, ulna dysplasia, elbow synostosis, and radial head dislocation, are presented. The chapter also discusses transverse deficiency, phocomelia, ulnar longitudinal deficiency, and Poland deformity. The associated syndromes are briefly discussed. Lastly, Madelung deformity is presented.
Beyond Church and State: Democracy, Secularism, and Conversion

Acknowledgments Introduction: beyond the separation of church and state: secularism as conversion 1. The authorized narrative and crystalline structure of conversion in Augustine's Confessions 2. Toleration and conversion in Locke's letters: it is 'above all things necessary to distinguish' 3. The crystalline structure of conversion: Henri Bergson's Two Sources 4. Saint John (Rawls), the miracle of secular reason 5. The wish for a better life: Stanley Cavell's critique of the social contract Conclusion: from Supernovas into The Deep: secularism as conversion, a conversion of secularism Index.
Advanced neuroimaging applied to veterans and service personnel with traumatic brain injury: state of the art and potential benefits

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains one of the most prevalent forms of morbidity among Veterans and Service Members, particularly for those engaged in the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Neuroimaging has been considered a potentially useful diagnostic and prognostic tool across the spectrum of TBI generally, but may have particular importance in military populations where the diagnosis of mild TBI is particularly challenging, given the frequent lack of documentation on the nature of the injuries and mixed etiologies, and highly comorbid with other disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and substance misuse. Imaging has also been employed in attempts to understand better the potential late effects of trauma and to evaluate the effects of promising therapeutic interventions. This review surveys the use of structural and functional neuroimaging techniques utilized in military studies published to date, including the utilization of quantitative fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), volumetric analysis, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), magnetization transfer imaging (MTI), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetoencephalography (MEG), task-based and resting state functional MRI (fMRI), arterial spin labeling (ASL), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The importance of quality assurance testing in current and future research is also highlighted. Current challenges and limitations of each technique are outlined, and future directions are discussed.
Breast cancer in mice as influenced by nursing.

Evidence suggests that maternal/extrachromosomal influence may be a factor in mammary carcinogenesis in mice. There are 3 possible methods of transmission to the progeny: 1) by means of the cytoplasm or cytoplasmic inheritance 2) during intrauterine development and 3) by way of the mothers milk while nursing. Various experiments in breast cancer etiology in mice have assumed a correlation between milk/hormonal/susceptibility factors and cancer development. For stock A high-breast tumor breeding females this would suggest development of spontaneous mammary cancer in every female. However this had not been the case. If noncancerous animals of this stock are mated and their progeny continued the incidence of breast tumors among the offspring is very similar to that of the control stock suggesting that these mice are genetically cancerous and would probably develop the condition if they live longer. Other experiments show that breast tumors can occur in a small percentage of animals where none were to be expected suggesting that there may be other contributing factors of unknown origin and/or there may be physiological upsets in the equilibrium or relationship of the known factors and changes characteristic of somatic mutation. Experimental evidence also suggests that an excessive dose of estrogenic hormone may produce carcinoma more easily in males of a strain not susceptible to breast cancer but having the milk factor active than in males of a susceptible strain having the milk factor that is not active.
Plato's Child and the Limit-Points of Educational Theories.

This paper analyzes how the figure of the childhas been used to authorize a series ofboundaries that have constituted thelimit-points of educational theories orphilosophies. Limit-points are the conceptualboundaries that educational theories produce,move within, respond to, and make use ofbecause the perception is that they cannot beargued away or around at the time. A method ofcomparative historico-philosophy is used tocontrast limit-points in Platonic figurationsof the child and education with childcenteredand eugenic theories of the late nineteenth andtwentieth century West. The figuration of thechild in both periods is imbricated in formingboundaries around a power-motion-reason nexusand in delineating what necessity and justicemean. The meaning-space that the child canoccupy in relation to such concepts has shiftedwith them and has been important to depictingUtopian and cosmological imaginings atdifferent historical moments and forauthorizing in turn what counts as anappropriate and/or realistic educationalphilosophy.
Defence mechanisms of arthropods—IV: Para-benzoquinones in the secretion of Eleodes longicollis Lec. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)☆

Abstract The secretion of Eleodes longicollis consists of p -benzoquinone, 2-methyl-1: 4-quinone, and 2-ethyl-1:4-quinone. Evidence for additional carbonyl component(s) was also obtained.
Late intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants

Objective: To determine the likelihood of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) occurring after the first three days of life and to develop a predictive model for late IVH in preterm infants. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on very low birth weight infants with grades IVH II-IV. IVH was considered early if detected by ultrasound within the first three days of life and it was considered late if detected beyond this time. Infants with late IVH had at least one documented negative ultrasound scan on or after day of life three. Data were evaluated for associated risk factors using univariate and logistic regression analyses. Results: One-hundred thirty infants with IVH grades II-IV met the inclusion criteria. Early IVH occurred in 82 (63%) and late IVH occurred in 48 (37%). Infants with late IVH were more commonly exposed to prenatal steroids (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.5–12.0), cesarean delivery (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.1–7.0), or had symptomatic PDA requiring medical or surgical therapy prior to IVH detection (OR 12.0, 95% CI 3.8–37.7) compared to infants with early IVH. Conclusions: IVH after day of life three is not rare in VLBW infants. Further exploration of risk factors associated with late IVH compared to infants without IVH through interventional trials is warranted.