cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Spray Characteristics of Plain-Jet Airblast Atomizers

The effects of air and liquid properties, and atomizer dimensions, on the spray characteristics of plain-jet airblast atomizers are examined. Mean drop size and drop-size distribution are measured using an improved form of light scattering technique. The test range includes wide variations in air velocity, air pressure, air/liquid ratio, and liquid viscosity.The experimental data generally confirm the results of previous studies on prefilming types of airblast atomizers. They show that increases in air velocity, air pressure and air/liquid ratio all tend to produce a more uniform spray and a lower mean drop size. It is also observed that any change in air properties, liquid properties and atomizer geometry that lowers the mean drop size also produces a more uniform distribution of drop sizes in the spray.Copyright © 1983 by ASME
Thyrotropin Receptor and CD40 Mediate Interleukin-8 Expression in Fibrocytes: Implications for Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy (An American Ophthalmological Society Thesis)

Purpose: To better understand the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) through elucidating the role of thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) and CD40 in the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in peripheral blood fibrocytes. Fibrocytes infiltrate the orbit of patients with TAO, where they differentiate into fibroblasts. Fibrocyte precursors occur with increased frequency in the peripheral blood expressing TSHR and CD40 in TAO patients. We hypothesize that in vitro derived fibrocytes and peripheral blood fibrocyte precursors express proinflammatory chemoattractant molecules including IL-8 initiated by TSHR and CD40 signaling. Since nearly all TAO patients express activating antibodies to TSHR, this is particularly relevant for activation of peripheral blood fibrocytes. Methods: TSHR and CD40 expression on peripheral blood fibrocytes was determined by flow cytometry. IL-8 RNA was quantitated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. IL-8 protein production was measured by Luminex and flow cytometry. Thyroid-stimulating hormone and CD40 ligand–stimulated phosphorylation of Akt in peripheral blood fibrocytes was studied by flow cytometry. Results: Both TSHR- and CD40-mediated signaling lead to IL-8 expression in mature fibrocytes. Fibrocyte precursors assayed directly from circulating peripheral blood demonstrate intracellular IL-8 expression with addition of thyroid-stimulating hormone or CD40 ligand. TSHR- and CD40-induced IL-8 production is mediated by Akt phosphorylation. Conclusions: Peripheral blood TSHR+ and CD40+ fibrocytes express IL-8 and may promote the recruitment of inflammatory cells, mitogenesis, and tissue remodeling in TAO. TSHR- and CD40-mediated IL-8 signaling is mediated by Akt. Delineating the molecular mechanisms of fibrocyte immune function may provide potential therapeutic targets for TAO.
Mechanism by Which Caloric Restriction Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Sedentary Obese Adults

Caloric restriction (CR) improves insulin sensitivity and reduces the incidence of diabetes in obese individuals. The underlying mechanisms whereby CR improves insulin sensitivity are not clear. We evaluated the effect of 16 weeks of CR on whole-body insulin sensitivity by pancreatic clamp before and after CR in 11 obese participants (BMI = 35 kg/m(2)) compared with 9 matched control subjects (BMI = 34 kg/m(2)). Compared with the control subjects, CR increased the glucose infusion rate needed to maintain euglycemia during hyperinsulinemia, indicating enhancement of peripheral insulin sensitivity. This improvement in insulin sensitivity was not accompanied by changes in skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity or oxidant emissions, nor were there changes in skeletal muscle ceramide, diacylglycerol, or amino acid metabolite levels. However, CR lowered insulin-stimulated thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) levels and enhanced nonoxidative glucose disposal. These results support a role for TXNIP in mediating the improvement in peripheral insulin sensitivity after CR.
Review of John B. Cobb, Jr. (ed.), 2012, Religions in the Making

In 1926, the philosopher and mathematician Alfred North Whitehead published his seminal work, Religion in the Making, reflecting on the place of religion in human life in light of his innovative cosmology. In this work Whitehead lamented that neither Christianity nor Buddhism had engaged in a full dialogue with contemporary science and cosmology, and he hoped for such reflection in the future. Three years later, Whitehead published a more systematic reflection on God and the cosmos, Process and Reality: An Essay in Cosmology. Departing from most traditional monotheistic approaches, Whitehead presented creativity as the ultimate in his philosophy of organism, and he viewed God as its primordial accident. For Whitehead, God does not create the universe out of nothing, does not radically transcend the world, and is not omnipotent. Whitehead saw God as constantly interacting with the world, receiving each event into the divine life and proposing a divine aim for each new occasion, operating by persuasion, not...
Editorial: from the chief editor.

My best wishes for 2015! The New Year will again bring some major changes for FEMS Microbiology Ecology . Our journal, along with all the FEMS journals, is now published by Oxford University Press (OUP). The editors and I look forward to working with the committed team at OUP in developing and implementing improvements for the journal, including the many activities that occur behind the scenes, such as processing of submissions and accepted papers, publicity and marketing, and presentation of the published research. A year ago, we moved to a fully digital online publication …
Prostaglandin-Like Substances: Initiation and Maintenance of Rabbit Testicular Contraction in Vitro

SummaryThe spontaneous contractions that occur in rabbit testes in vitro were abolished by changing the bathing medium. Adding the initial medium from an active to an inactive preparation induced activity in the inactive testis. Extraction of the initial medium at pH 3 into ethyl acetate, a system used for recovering prostagandins, yielded a residue that restored the activity. Acetylcholine and serotonin had little effect on the inactive preparation nor could a smooth-muscle active substance be extracted from these preparations. Oxytocin stimulated neither the active nor the inactive testis appreciably. Epinephrine increased tonus in both inactive or active preparations, but did not induce rhythmic contractions. Prostaglandins of the E-type were stimulatory at low, but inhibitory at higher concentrations. A myogenic agent with prostaglandin-like properties was present only in the bathing media from active preparations and appeared to determine the response that was obtained by treatment with exogenous pro...
High adhesion TiN film deposition on 15-5PH stainless steel substrate by the multi-arc ion plating technique

The multi-arc ion plating technique was adopted to deposit high quality TiN film on 15-5PH stainless steel substrate in order to improve the performance of substrate,such as the surface hardness and the high-temperature oxidation resistance.The results showed that the interlayer composition,the preheating temperature,the working pressure and the negative bias all had significant influence on the film properties.The adhesive force between the coating layer and the matrix was about 60N,the surface hardness was more than 1200 HV0.05,and the film had the lowest drop density when using Ti as the interlayer under a preheating temperature of 250℃,a working pressure of 3.0Pa,and a negative bias of 600V.With the increase of the working pressure,the surface hardness,the depositing rate and the adhesive force all increased first and then decreased in different degree.
Detection and clinical implications of serum CD105,vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia children

Objective:To investigate the level and clinical implications of serum CD105,vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor Flt-1 in acute lymphoblast leukemia (ALL) children. Methods:Serum levels of CD105,VEGF and Flt-1 were detected in 31 newly diagnosed ALL children and 10 health controls with double antibodies sandwich enzymelinked immurosorbent assay. Results:The serum levels of VEGF and Flt-1 were not significantly different between the newly diagnosed ALL children and the health controls. While the serum level of CD105 was significantly higher in the ALL children than that in the health controls (P 0.01),and the level was significantly higher in the high risk ALL children than in the low risk group (P 0.05). The serum level of CD105 was independent of sex,age,white blood cell count when diagnosed,and immunophenotype with or without myeloid antigens, but it was related to extramedullary manifestations such as enlargement of live,spleen and lymph nodes,and early treatment response (P 0.05). The serum level of CD105 was not significantly different between ALL children with chromosome abnormality and without abnormality. Conclusion:There was no significant difference in the serum levels of VEGF and Flt-1 between the ALL children and the health controls. The serum level of CD105 might be helpful in guiding therapy and evaluating prognosis.
Management of infected total knee arthroplasty.

Background Deep wound infection after total knee arthroplasty is an infrequent but very serious complication. Treatment is difficult and challenging. Antibiotic therapy alone can not replace surgery in the management of infected total knee arthroplasty. Methods Fourteen infected total knee arthroplasties in 13 patients were treated by the author. Nine patients underwent two-stage reimplantation, one patient one-stage reimplantation, one patient arthroscopic debridement, and one patient knee fusion. Four knees in three patients were excluded because of less than 12 months follow-up. This study retrospectively analyzed the results of treatment in 10 infected total knee arthroplasties in 10 patients. Results All patients were followed up for 12 months or longer. The length of follow-up ranged from 12 months to 69 months with an average of 28 months. All infections were successfully controlled, and there was no recurrence of infection. However, only 67% of the patients showed satisfactory functional results. Conclusion Based upon the results in this study, most of the infection after total knee arthroplasty could be successfully controlled by combined surgical treatment and intravenous antibiotic therapy. The result of two-stage reimplantation was more consistent and predictable. The functional result of infected total knee arthroplasty was less satisfactory as compared with that of the non-infected counterpart. Furthermore, the impact of infection or the longevity of total knee prosthesis could only be determined by long-term follow-up.
Preoperative therapy in esophageal cancer: controversy and consensus.

Dr. Krasna has written an overview of multimodality therapy in esophageal cancer, with a particular focus on aspects related to staging and surgical care. The optimal management of locally advanced esophageal cancer remains a subject of controversy and active debate. However, there is now a clear consensus that surgery alone is inadequate therapy for patients with T3 or node-positive disease.
A Multi-Scale Modeling of Multiphase Advanced High Strength Steels Based on Crystal Plasticity and Evolutionary Yield Function

A multi-scale modeling of multiphase advanced high strength steels was developed based on crystal plasticity and evolutionary yield function. An analytical model to directly predict the mechanical behavior of each phase was developed from crystal plasticity model and EBSD data. Considering the grain size and orientation distribution, evolution of the yield surface could be directly predicted by the analytical prediction model. The yield surface prediction results were applied to the evolutionary yield function model. Macroscopic mechanical behavior of the multiphase material could be predicted by considering the volume fraction of each phase, which enables to optimize the desired material properties during the development of the multiphase material.
Google analytics of a pilot mass and social media campaign targeting Hispanics about living kidney donation

Background The number of patients waiting for a kidney transplant surpasses available organs. Living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) can expand the organ pool. However, Hispanics have lower rates of LDKT than non-Hispanic whites, largely due to a lack of awareness and knowledge about LDKT as a treatment option. To reduce this disparity about LDKT, Northwestern University faculty in partnership with the National Kidney Foundation of Illinois, developed a website culturally targeted to Hispanics about LDKT, called Informate.
Workplace Studies: Supporting interdisciplinary design: towards pattern languages for workplaces

I am concerned with design, particularly with the issue of how to design systems that mesh gracefully with the practices and activities of particular workplaces. This concern gives rise to a number of questions: How do designers come to understand a new workplace? How do they get a sense of the sorts of activities that occur within it, and with which their design must coexist? How do designers avoid or minimize disruptions caused by the inevitable changes a new system will introduce? How do they figure out how to design things that are useful, and not just usable?
Incentivizing Around the Globe: Educating for the Challenge of Developing Culturally Considerate Work Motivation Strategies:

Work motivation has long been considered a driving force behind optimal employee management. However, as the workscape continues its path toward increased globalization, today’s managers must consi...
Intervention in Formal Organizations

In the early 1990s I gave up attempts to intervene in schools and school districts and instead began to focus on interventions with small groups of teachers. In the previous Handbook of Clinical Sociology (Saunders, 1991b), I described that work, but not the reasons that brought me to it. Here I want to explore the clinical considerations that led me to abandon large-scale interventions in schools and decide I would be far more effective working with small groups of teachers in a private setting. The lesson I had finally learned, after years of large-scale interventions, was that my services, and those of colleagues in the sociology of education community, were… well, unwanted, and for good reasons. Our interventions were doing more harm than good.
Vaccine Adverse Effects: Myths and Realities

Immunization is one of the most important modern public health practices, having made huge accomplishments in the control and even elimination of numerous endemic infectious diseases. At the same time, we must recognize that an array of myths pervades some parts of the public mind and that most of these contrast starkly with reality. This chapter will begin with a consideration of the foundations of vaccine safety, from their initial development in research laboratories through the post-marketing surveillance for safety and efficacy by a variety of agencies and ongoing research. Adverse effects do occur with immunizations; most of these are common and generally mild, whereas more serious adverse effects can rarely occur. A variety of societal trends has allowed various myths to arise, from the advent of vaccination through today, complicating the successful provision of immunization services to our patient population. Vaccine adverse effect myths spring from common misunderstandings of actual adverse vaccine effects, a broad unawareness of the methods of vaccine science, and a perception of adverse effects that have no basis in reality at all. Successful responses to these myths require a grasp of the scientific realities that can refute the myths as well as – just as importantly – an understanding of effective communication with patients.
Γ-convergence of the energy functionals for the variable exponent p (·)-Laplacian and stability of the minimizers with respect to integrability

We investigate the non-homogeneous modular Dirichlet problem Δ p (·)u(x) = f (x) (where Δ p (·)u(x) = div(|∇u|p(x-2)∇u(x)) from the functional analytic point of view and we prove the stability of the solutions $${\left( {{u_{{p_i}}}} \right)_i}$$ of the equation $${\Delta _{{p_i}\left( \cdot \right)}}{u_{{p_i}\left( \cdot \right)}} = f$$ as p i (·) → q(·) via Gamma-convergence of sequence of appropriate functionals.
Digital Fractional- $N$ PLLs Based on a Continuous-Time Third-Order Noise-Shaping Time-to-Digital Converter for a 240-GHz FMCW Radar System

Frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar requires low in-band phase noise, fast-settling high-frequency phase-locked loops (PLLs). We propose a new third-order continuous-time time-to-digital converter (TDC) that shapes quantization noise so that the TDC quantization noise no longer determines the in-band phase noise of a digital PLL. The new TDC allows a digital PLL to have an in-band phase noise performance similar to that of an analog PLL. Prototype 30- and 40-GHz PLLs, fabricated in 65-nm CMOS as sources for a 240-GHz scanning FMCW radar, consume 34.8 and 40 mW, respectively. The 30-GHz prototype PLL has a normalized phase noise of −213 dBc/Hz2 (at 100-kHz offset) and an FoMJitter of −230 dB (from 10 kHz to 1 MHz), thanks to the measured 182 fs integrated rms noise of TDC.
Ghrelin: Central Actions and Potential Implications in Neurodegenerative Diseases

The growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRP) and their peptidomimetics were the first synthetic compounds known that stimulated both growth hormone (GH) release and appetite. Subsequently, a new orphan receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue (GHS-R), was cloned that mediated the action of these compounds. Following cloning of the GHS-R, cell lines engineered to express the cloned GHS-R provided the assays that were essential for identification of ghrelin as an endogenous GHS-R ligand in stomach tissue extracts. Ghrelin was recently also shown to be produced by a discrete network of neurons in the hypothalamus that control appetite, which are distinct from the network that regulates GH pulsatility. We describe how studies with ghrelin and its mimetics helped elucidate the mechanisms by which ghrelin regulates these distinct pathways. Localization of GHS-R expression in the brain suggests that ghrelin also modulates the function of neurons involved in memory, learning, cognition, mood and sleep. Indeed, results from studies with GHS-R (ghrelin-receptor) knockout mice indicate that reduced expression of the GHS-R causes deficits in contextual memory. This has implications for age-related neurodegeneration because ghrelin production declines in elderly adults and aging is associated with a decline in amplitude of GH-pulsatility, altered appetite, changes in metabolism and deficiencies in contextual memory. Ghrelin has the potential to prevent/reverse these changes; therefore, perhaps ghrelin is important for maintaining a young adult phenotype and providing protection against neurodegenerative diseases.
Tris(2-ammonioethyl)amine tribromide

The title compound, [N(CH2CH2NH3)3]Br3, is a salt of a triprotonated tetr­amine. The tertiary amine N atom sits on a threefold axis, as do the three bromide anions. Each of the primary amines is protonated, while the tertiary amine is not protonated. The compound is isostructural with the chloride and the perchlorate analogs.
Longer-term Direct and Indirect Effects of Infant Rotavirus Vaccination Across All Ages in the United States in 2000-2013: Analysis of a Large Hospital Discharge Data Set.

BACKGROUND Rotavirus disease rates dramatically declined among children <5 years of age since the rotavirus vaccine was introduced in 2006; population-level impacts remain to be fully elucidated. METHODS Data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases were used to conduct a time-series analysis of monthly hospital discharges across age groups for acute gastroenteritis and rotavirus from 2000 to 2013. Rate ratios were calculated comparing prevaccine and postvaccine eras. RESULTS Following vaccine introduction, a decrease in rotavirus hospitalizations occurred with a shift toward biennial patterns across all ages. The 0-4-year age group experienced the largest decrease in rotavirus hospitalizations (rate ratio, 0.14; 95% confidence interval, .09-.23). The 5-19-year and 20-59-year age groups experienced significant declines in rotavirus hospitalization rates overall; the even postvaccine calendar years were characterized by progressively lower rates, and the odd postvaccine years were associated with reductions in rates that diminished over time. Those aged ≥60 years experienced the smallest change in rotavirus hospitalization rates overall, with significant reductions in even postvaccine years compared with prevaccine years (rate ratio, 0.51; 95% confidence interval, .39-.66). CONCLUSIONS Indirect impacts of infant rotavirus vaccination are apparent in the emergence of biennial patterns in rotavirus hospitalizations that extend to all age groups ineligible for vaccination. These observations are consistent with the notion that young children are of primary importance in disease transmission and that the initial postvaccine period of dramatic population-wide impacts will be followed by more complex incidence patterns across the age range in the long term.
Habitat assessment of a restored oyster reef in South Texas

Abstract Oyster reefs are important foundational habitats and provide many ecosystem services. A century of habitat degradation has resulted in substantial reductions in the extent and quality of oyster reefs in many estuaries, thus spurring restoration efforts. In this study, a 1.5 ha oyster reef complex was constructed in Copano Bay, Texas to restore habitat for oysters and associated fauna. Oysters and resident and transient fishes and crustaceans were monitored at the restored reef as well as at nearby natural oyster reef and unrestored bottom (i.e., dense mud with shell hash) habitats for two years following reef construction. The restored reef had substantial oyster recruitment and growth, with oyster abundance and size comparable to nearby habitats within the first year. Resident and transient fauna communities recruited to the restored reef within six months post-construction, and abundance and diversity were comparable to nearby habitats. Significant changes observed in oyster densities between the first and second year post-restoration demonstrate the importance of monitoring over multiple years to capture multiple recruitment cycles and growth to market size. Nekton densities did not change significantly after the first year, but changes in community assemblages were observed through the end of the study. The high densities of oysters and resident nekton relative to other studies indicate that this restoration project was successful in restoring suitable habitat. The design of the reef complex, consisting of relatively high-relief reef mounds and deeper corridors, likely contributed to the relatively high oyster and nekton densities observed in this study. Overall, the restored reef in this study showed tremendous near-term success in providing important ecological functions associated with habitat provision and oyster production.
Lying through others: Does delegation promote deception?

Abstract How do agency relationships affect an individual’s willingness to lie for monetary advantage? Does lie aversion decline if a lie (or truth) is sent through an agent, rather than sent directly by the individual? In a recent paper, Erat (2013) shows that a significant proportion of his subjects prefer to delegate a deception decision. We present experiments designed to focus on one of several possible explanations for this intriguing behavior – that delegation reduces lie aversion. The experiments reveal that subjects are more willing to lie through a delegate than to lie directly despite controlling for potential effects of delegated decision-making on preferences over payoffs, probabilities of actions, and/or the desire to avoid taking a decision.
Regularity for the Dirichlet Problem

This chapter is devoted to the study of uniform boundary regularity estimates for the Dirichlet problem $$ \left\{\begin{array}{rc}{\mathcal{L}_\varepsilon(\mathit{u}_\varepsilon)\,=\,\mathit{F}} & \mathrm{in}\,\,\Omega, \\ \mathit{u}_\varepsilon\,=\,\mathit{g} & \mathrm{on}\,\,\partial\Omega, \end{array}\right.$$ (5.0.1) where \( \mathcal{L}_\varepsilon\,\,=\,\,\mathrm{-div}(\mathit{A}(\mathit{x}/\varepsilon)\nabla)\). Assuming that the coefficient matrix \( \mathit{A}\,\,=\,\,\mathit{A}(\mathit{y}) \) is elliptic, periodic, and belongs to VMO(\( \mathbb{R}^\mathit{d}\)), we establish uniform boundary Holder and W1, p estimates in C1 domains Ω. We also prove uniform boundary Lipschitz estimates in C1, α domains under the assumption that A is elliptic, periodic, and Holder continuous. As in the previous chapter for interior estimates, boundary Holder and Lipschitz estimates are proved by a compactness method. The boundaryW1, p estimates are obtained by combining the boundary Holder estimates with the interior W1, p estimates, via the real-variable method introduced in Section 4.2.
Healthcare expenditures for privately insured US patients with cystic fibrosis, 2010-2016.

Objectives Published cost estimates for cystic fibrosis (CF) are based on older data and do not reflect increased use of specialty drugs in recent years. We assessed recent trends in healthcare expenditures for CF patients in the United States (US) with employer-sponsored health insurance. Methods The study is a retrospective analysis of claims data for privately insured individuals aged 0-64 years who were continuously enrolled in non-capitated plans for at least 1 calendar year during 2010-2016. Mean annual expenditures during a calendar year were calculated for individuals who met a claims-based CF case definition. Average annual growth rates were calculated through linear regression of the natural logarithm of annual expenditures. Results The annual CF prevalence was 1.1-1.4 per 10 000 adults and 2.9-3.0 per 10 000 children. Average spending adjusted for inflation nearly doubled from roughly $67 000 per patient in 2010 and 2011 to approximately $131 000 per patient in 2016. Inflation-adjusted spending on outpatient and inpatient care increased by 0.5% and 2.5% per year, respectively, whereas pharmaceutical spending increased by 20.2% per year. Virtually all of the growth in pharmaceutical spending was accounted for by spending on specialty drugs; inflation-adjusted spending on other medications increased by 1.3% per year. The annual growth rate in pharmaceutical spending rose by 33.1% during 2014-2016, the years during which lumacaftor/ivacaftor was introduced. Conclusions Per-patient expenditures for privately-insured patients with CF almost doubled during 2010-2016; specialty drugs were largely responsible for this increase, with a major contribution from new, genotype-targeted CFTR modulator medications.
Impact of insurance plan design on bariatric surgery utilization

Abstract Background Bariatric surgery is underused in the United States. Objectives This study examined whether utilization of bariatric surgery is associated with payor and insurance plan type, after removing potential sociodemographic confounders. Setting The study used Pennsylvania Health Care Cost Containment Council’s data in 5 counties of Pennsylvania from 2014 to 2016. Methods Bariatric surgery patients and eligible patients who did not undergo surgery were identified and 1:1 matched by age, sex, race, and zip code (n = 5114). A logistic regression was performed to investigate the association of payor type and insurance plan within payor type with odds of undergoing bariatric surgery. Results The odds of undergoing bariatric surgery were not statistically different based on payor type. Medicare preferred provider organization plan was associated with greater odds of undergoing surgery (odds ratio [OR] = 2.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23–5.04, P = .01) compared with Medicare health maintenance organization (HMO). Medicaid fee for service plan was associated with smaller odds of undergoing surgery (OR = .04, 95% CI .005–.27, P = .001) compared with Medicaid HMO. Individuals with Blue Cross preferred provider organization (OR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.83–3.24, P Conclusions Specific aspects of insurance plan design, rather than more general payor type, is more strongly associated with the utilization of bariatric surgery. Further investigations could identify which components of insurance plan design have the greatest influence on the utilization of bariatric surgery.
The virtualization project of John Ringling’s Ca'D’Zan at the Ringling Museum of Art (Sarasota, Florida)

This paper details the virtualization a digital global sharing project of the historical mansion of John and Mable Ringling’s mansion at the Ringling Museum of Art of Sarasota undertaken by University of South Florida’s Institute for Digital Exploration. Better known as Ca'd’Zan, Ringling’s mansion is one of the most important cultural heritage sites in Florida and a landmark in the Tampa Bay area. The virtualization project was inspired by a series of open issues orbiting around the house-museum, as cyclical threats of seasonal hurricanes, limited accessibility of the complex, poor digital presence and restoration problems. Against this picture, the IDEx team accomplished the overall virtualization of the mansion employing terrestrial laserscanning (TLS) and aerial digital photogrammetry, disseminating the results among the global public and designing a customized sharing platform.
A Case Study on the Impact of Crosswalk Markings on Driver Yielding to Pedestrians

The research team measured yielding at marked, unsignalized crosswalks as part of a multifaceted high visibility enforcement intervention intended to improve pedestrian safety. One of the crosswalk...
The effects of models and instructions on children’s divergent thinking

The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of explicit instructions on children’s divergent and creative thinking. Fifty-two children were assigned to one of four groups. Two of the ...
Development of Smartphone-based ECL Sensor for Dopamine Detection: Practical Approaches

Abstract In this work, a compact, mobile phone-based ECL sensor apparatus was developed using the phone cameras, screen-printed electrodes (SPE), and mobile app for dopamine detection. Methods of DC voltage application for ECL reaction were comprehensively studied from the mobile phone itself or external power. Under optimized sensing conditions, with disposable carbon SPE and 20 mM coreactant tri-n-propylamine (TPrA), acceptable repeatability and reproducibility were achieved in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD) of intra- and interassays, which were 6.7 and 5.5%, respectively. The biochemical compound dopamine was measured due to its ECL quenching characteristics and its clinical importance. The quenching mechanism of Ru(bpy)32+/TPrA by dopamine was investigated based on the estimation of the constants of the Stern-Volmer equations. The linear range for detectable dopamine concentration was from 1.0 to 50 μM (R2 = 0.982). As the developed mobile phone-based ECL sensor is simple, small and assembled from low-cost components, it offers new opportunities for the development of inexpensive analytical methods and compact sensors.
Freud in America: The Golden Age, the Freud Wars, and Beyond

This chapter addresses the reception and dissemination of Freudian ideas in the United States from the Golden Age through the Freud wars to the rise of Lacanian psychoanalysis. Freud aligned psychoanalysis with the “scientific Weltanschaaung” and rational authority in theory. But in practice, Freud often wielded his authority in an elitist and authoritarian manner and scoffed at movements toward social equality. Freud’s various pronouncements on the goals of analytic treatment, on psychoanalytic technique, and training were all somewhat equivocal, rendering the Freud wars that damaged his reputation here all but inevitable. The replacement of the “American Freud” with the more esoteric “French Freud” of Jacques Lacan in American academic circles was a mixed blessing, which buttressed Freud’s reputation in some disciplines, but only at the expense of clarity, accessibility, and relevance to the population at large.
Noninvasive and Highly Multiplexed Five-Color Tumor Imaging of Multicore Near-Infrared Resonant Surface-Enhanced Raman Nanoparticles In Vivo

In vivo multiplexed imaging aims for noninvasive monitoring of tumors with multiple channels without excision of the tissue. While most of the preclinical imaging has provided a number of multiplexing channels up to three, Raman imaging with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoparticles was suggested to offer higher multiplexing capability originating from their narrow spectral width. However, in vivo multiplexed SERS imaging is still in its infancy for multichannel visualization of tumors, which require both sufficient multiplicity and high sensitivity concurrently. Here we create multispectral palettes of gold multicore-near-infrared (NIR) resonant Raman dyes-silica shell SERS (NIR-SERRS) nanoparticle oligomers and demonstrate noninvasive and five-plex SERS imaging of the nanoparticle accumulation in tumors of living mice. We perform the five-plex ratiometric imaging of tumors by varying the administered ratio of the nanoparticles, which simulates the detection of multiple biomarkers with different expression levels in the tumor environment. Furthermore, since this method does not require the excision of tumor tissues at the imaging condition, we perform noninvasive and longitudinal imaging of the five-color nanoparticles in the tumors, which is not feasible with current ex vivo multiplexed tissue analysis platforms. Our work surpasses the multiplicity limit of previous preclinical tumor imaging methods while keeping enough sensitivity for tumor-targeted in vivo imaging and could enable the noninvasive assessment of multiple biological targets within the tumor microenvironment in living subjects.
Near Real Time Estimates of Wave Field in the Vicinity of a Floating Body Using Machine Learning Techniques

There can be many benefits of accessing real time accurate estimates of the surrounding wave field for ships and floating structures. This knowledge is important for operational risk mitigation as well as the safety of the vessel and its cargo. In the open literature, wave buoys, ship radars (including X-band and K-band radars) / satellite scanning and hydrodynamic modeling using ship motions seem to be highlighted among the methods to measure / estimate wave field. In the present study, an alternative approach is developed using ship motions and recent developments in artificial intelligence, namely artificial neural networks and machine learning type modelling. In this paper, machine learning approach is introduced briefly, followed by a description of the artificial neural network model used. The paper reports the results obtained for a near shore science vessel in head seas with various ship speeds and sea states. The preliminary results show very good performance in wave field estimation compared to the actual one using machine learning approach with ship motions.
The Interaction of Health Stressors and Power Imbalances in Partnered Women: Wellbeing Outcomes

Being in poor physical health can be disempowering and place additional stress on couple and individual wellbeing. GivenÂ the high prevalence of gendered power imbalances in opposite gender couples...
Abstract P445: Implications of Associated Infection in Intracranial Hemorrhages During Left Ventricular Assist Device Support

Background: Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating complication in patients with an implanted left ventricular assist device (LVAD) for advanced heart failure. Blood stream infection is ass...
The Ideal Worker Norm and Workplace Social Support among U.S. Workers

Research has shown that the ideal worker norm stipulating workers should be completely devoted to their jobs without interference from outside responsibilities creates difficulties for workers. At ...
Student health behavior and academic performance.

Objective To explore the association between health behaviors and habits of university students and academic achievement. Participants Six hundred fourteen undergraduate students at a state university in the United States. Methods Students were invited over a 2-year period to participate in an anonymous online survey that asked questions concerning a wide range of health behaviors and habits; participants were asked to report their current grade point average (GPA). Standard Least Squares Models were used to examine differences in self-reported GPA across the different health behaviors and habits, with individuals as replicates. Results The study found positive associations between breakfast consumption, physical activity, and strength training and self-reported GPA, and negative associations between the hours of sleep per night, hours worked per week, fast food and energy drinks consumption, and use of marijuana, alcohol and electronic vaping products. Conclusions While there is an association for some of the studied health behaviors and habits with self-reported GPA, the effect sizes for these health behaviors were low. The significant effect of vaping on GPA as well as the increased use reported in this study indicates that the topic should be explored further. Furthermore, students should be educated on the potential positive and negative effects of health behavior choices to help them make better choices.
Greasing the wheels: The impact of COVID-19 on US physician attitudes and practices regarding medication abortion.

Author(s): Karlin, Jennifer; Sarnaik, Shashi; Holt, Kelsey; Dehlendorf, Christine; Joffe, Carole; Steinauer, Jody | Abstract: ObjectiveTo explore US provider perspectives about self-sourced medication abortion and how their attitudes and clinic practices changed in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.Study designWe conducted a multi-method study of survey and interview data. We performed 40 baseline interviews and surveys in spring 2019 and 36 follow-up surveys and ten interviews one year later. We compared pre- and post-Likert scale responses of provider views on the importance of different aspects of standard medication abortion assessment and evaluation (e.g., related to ultrasounds and blood-typing). We performed content analysis of the follow-up interviews using deductive-inductive analysis.ResultsSurvey results revealed that clinics substantially changed their medication abortion protocols in response to COVID-19, with more than half increasing their gestational age limits and introducing telemedicine for follow-up of a medication abortion. Interview analysis suggested that physicians were more supportive of self-sourced medication abortion in response to changing clinic protocols that decreased in-clinic assessment and evaluation for medication abortion, and as a result of physicians' altered assessments of risk in the context of COVID-19. Having evidence already in place that supported these practice changes made the implementation of new protocols more efficient, while working in a state with restrictive abortion policies thwarted the flexibility of clinics to adapt to changes in standards of care.ConclusionThis exploratory study reveals that the COVID-19 pandemic has altered clinical assessment of risk and has shifted practice towards a less medicalized model. Further work to facilitate person-centered abortion information and care can build on initial modifications in response to the pandemic.ImplicationsCOVID-19 has shifted clinician perception of risk and has catalyzed a change in clinical protocols for medication abortion. However, state laws and policies that regulate medication abortion limit physician ability to respond to changes in risk assessment.
Severe type-B lactic acidosis in a patient with bilateral renal Burkitt's lymphoma.

Introduction Lactic acidosis (LA) can be categorized as type A, which occurs in the presence of tissue hypoxia, or type B, occurring in the absence of tissue hypoxia. Hematologic malignancies are an uncommon cause of type B LA. Case presentation A 63-year-old man, HIV-negative, with a history of diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), presented to the ED complaining of acute-on-chronic lumbar pain, and was found to have high serum anion gap (AG) LA. The rest of chemistry and infectious workup was within normal limits. Despite bicarbonate therapy and fluid resuscitation, the patient remained with persistent AG metabolic acidosis and increasing lactic acid up to 14.5 mmol/L. An abdominal computerized tomography (CT) revealed multiple bilateral enhancing lesions in the kidneys, as well as gastric wall thickening. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsy showed a high-grade Burkitt's lymphoma. Further staging showed bone marrow involvement and extensive abdominal adenopathy. After two cycles of inpatient chemotherapy with dose-adjusted EPOCH-R (etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and rituximab), the patient developed multifocal pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure. Following a prolonged ICU stay, after discussion with the family members, a decision of withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy was reached. Conclusion Persistent LA, without identifiable causes of tissue hypoxia, should prompt clinicians to suspect non-hypoxic etiologies, including occult high-grade malignancies. Hematological malignancies constitute an extremely rare cause of type-B LA, carrying a poor prognosis.
High Performance Streaming Tensor Decomposition

We present a new algorithm for computing tensor decomposition on streaming data that achieves up to 102$\times$ speedup over the state-of-the-art CP-stream algorithm through lower computational complexity and performance optimization. For each streaming time slice, our algorithm partitions the factor matrix rows into those with and without updates and keeps them in Gram matrix form to significantly reduce the required computation. We also improve the scalability and performance of the matricized tensor times Khatri-Rao product (MTTKRP) kernel, a key performance bottleneck in many tensor decomposition algorithms, by reducing the synchronization overhead through the combined use of mutex locks and thread-local memory. For problems with constraints (e.g., non-negativity), we apply data blocking and operation fusion to the alternating direction method of multiplier (ADMM) kernel in the constrained CP-stream algorithm. By combining this ADMM optimization with the aforementioned MTTKRP optimization, our improved algorithm achieves up to $ 47\times$ speedup over the original. We evaluate the performance and scalability of our new algorithm and optimization techniques using a 56-core quad-socket Intel Xeon system on four representative real-world tensors.
Partial oxidation of isobutylene using Ni TiOx

Abstract We report an aerobic partial oxidation of isobutylene into isoprene, acetone, and para-xylene using a mesoporous Ni TiOx catalytic material. In this work, two catalysts were found to synthesize two of these three valuable products with high selectivity, with p-xylene being synthesized with a selectivity of 46.0% and isoprene being synthesized with a selectivity of 64.7%, with overall conversions of isobutylene being 34.0% and 11.9% respectively. These reactions were done at relatively low temperatures (300 °C or below) and are conducted at flow rates of 10 sccm oxygen and isobutylene. The nickel titania catalysts were studied extensively using various characterization methodologies such as TEM, Raman, XRD, and XRF.
Mutation in RyR2-FKBP Binding site alters Ca2+ signaling modestly but increases "arrhythmogenesis" in human stem cells derived cardiomyocytes.

ABSTRACT Aims: To gain insights into FKBP regulation of cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) and Ca2+ signaling, we introduced the point mutation (N771D-RyR2) corresponding to skeletal mutation (N760D-RyR1) associated with skeletal muscle central core disease (CCD) via CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing in the RyR2 FKBP binding site expressed in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Patients inflicted with CCD and other hereditary skeletal muscle diseases often show higher incidence of atrial or ventricular arrhythmias. Methods and Results: Ca2+ imaging of voltage-clamped N771D-RyR2 mutant compared to WT hiPSC-CMs showed: (1) ∼30% suppressed ICa with no significant changes in the gating kinetics of ICa; (2) 29% lower SR Ca2+ content and 33% lower RyR2 Ca2+ leak; (3) higher CICR gain and 30-35% increased efficiency of I Ca -triggered Ca 2± release ; (4) higher incidence of aberrant SR Ca2+ releases, DADs, and Ca2+ sparks; (5) no change in fractional Ca2+-release, action potential morphology, sensitivity to isoproterenol, and sarcomeric FKBP-binding pattern. Conclusions: The more frequent spontaneous Ca2+ releases and longer Ca2+ sparks underlie the increased incidence of DADs and cellular arrhythmogenesis of N771D-RyR2 mutant. The smaller RyR2 Ca 2± leak and SR content results from suppressed I Ca that is compensated by higher CICR gain.
Mapping the Human Genome Using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms

It is a truism that people, like all living organisms, are the products of their heredity, their environmental history, and the interaction between their heredity and their environment. This truism applies, of course, to any pathology that an individual may display. The difficulty with the truism is that the degree to which hereditary and environmental influences can contribute to disease states is variable in the extreme. Some disease states are entirely of environmental origin; in most instances, the genetic contribution to, let us say, a broken leg is negligible. Other disease states are demonstrably hereditary; the environmental contribution to beta-thalassemia is likewise negligible. Most disease states, however, fall into the spectrum in between; evidence for hereditary as well as environmental influences can be found.
Taking the "Lost" Out of Lost Communications

When pilots encounter a loss of two-way radio communications during instrument flight, many situations are not clearly addressed in the regulations. The Federal Aviation Regula tions, the Aeronautical Information Manual, the Air Traffic Controller Manual, the Canadian Aeronautical Information Publication, and the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association Pilot Magazine provide information to aid pilots in decision-making during lost communications situations. There are some circumstances where pilots need additional guidance. The purpose of this paper is to present a review of the literature and input from controllers to provide information for pilots in the event of two-way radio communications failure and to present suggestions for areas of the regulations which could be improved.
Investments in Infratechnology Research

As Chapter 3 emphasized, infratechnology is a fundamental factor in explaining the often observed complementarity between governmental R&D allocations and private R&D funding. Buttressed by empirical results, we found that this observed complementarity was the result of technical complementarity at the production level between funding, infratechnology, and knowledge sharing. Thus, investigations of the effect of governmental R&D allocations in stimulating growth in the economy, and therefore the proper role for governmental R&D allocations as part of a rational economic policy, requires that we have accurate measures of the level of infratechnology investment and that we begin to look empirically at the link between such investment and productivity growth in the economy.