cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Purple urine bag syndrome

A 44-year-old man with Down's syndrome and neurogenic bladder which required a suprapubic catheter presented with fever and change in his urine color for one day. Physical examination revealed a temperature of 38.3°C, blood pressure of 60/30 mmHg, pulse rate of 120/min and urine with purple discoloration in the urine catheter and bag (Figure 1). A urine dipstick test indicated the presence of leukocytes, positive nitrate and a pH value of 8.5. The patient was resuscitated with intravenous crystalloid fluid and empiric antibiotics (vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam) were started. The patient's urine culture subsequently grew Enterococcus faecalis. His antibiotic was changed to levofloxacin as per sensitivity analysis. The patient responded well to treatment as his fever subsided and improved and his urine color gradually returned to yellow. Fig. 1. Purple discoloration of urine in the urine catheter and bag. Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) is a rare condition characterized by purple discoloration of urine in a urine catheter and bag typically seen in patients with chronic debilitation with a history of long-term indwelling urinary catheter [1]. The pathogenesis of this discoloration is associated with tryptophan's metabolism as intestinal bacteria metabolize tryptophan to indole and later converted to indican by the liver. Indican, in turn, is excreted and broken down in the urine into indirubin (red) and indigo (blue) in an alkaline environment by sufatase or phosphatase-containing bacteria, such as Providencia stuartii, Providencia rettgeri, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., etc. [2] PUBS is generally a benign process but it provides a clue to the presence of an underlying urinary tract infection. The discoloration usually gradually disappears after antibiotic treatment and good urologic sanitation, as seen in our patient [1, 3].
Versatility of habitat use in three sympatric species of plethodontid salamanders

Eurycea cirrigera, a relatively small species that occurs in the Allegheny Mountains, appears to fill in the gaps along the aquatic-terrestrial gradient that are left by two sympatric salamander species; the terrestrial Plethodon cinereus and semiaquatic Desmognathus fuscus. To better understand the local distribution of these three species we tested the hypothesis that E. cirrigera is better able to utilize a variety of microhabitats than P. cinereus or D. fuscus. In field enclosures change in mass in relation to initial mass, as a proxy of fitness, was compared for each species, in three different habitats (stream, stream bank, and forest) over time. Independent of species the stream habitat showed a significant negative effect on the fitness of all individuals. Additionally, E. cirrigera showed significantly higher fitness than P. cinereus over all three treatments. The mean fitness of D. fuscus was intermediate, but not significantly different than P. cinereus or E. cirrigera. These results suggest that, in the absence of predation and competition, E. cirrigera is not negatively affected by being a generalist.
An organization of the test bus for analog and mixed-signal systems

System level solutions for error detection in analog and mixed-signal circuits are presented in this paper. Internal blocks of an analog circuit are accessed using a technique similar to the boundary scan organization. Test points are controlled by a digital control signal scanned into a system, and the test signal and test results are connected to an analog test bus. Analog response can be verified either on-line without interruption to the signal path, or in a test mode. No new elements (like virtual or real switches) are added to the signal path. As a result the proposed test bus can be easily incorporated in the existing designs as an add-on feature enhancing system testability. >
Chronic traumatic thoracic aneurysm: Report of two cases with the question of timing for surgical intervention

Abstract We report on two symptom-free patients with chronic thoracic aneurysms related to prior trauma and address the timing for surgical intervention. In addition, we reviewed our institutional experience with similar cases for the period 1970 to 1990. Although natural history data remain incomplete, we propose that in the setting of improved imaging modalities, it may be reasonable to manage this group of patients nonoperatively and intervene surgically only when symptoms develop or there is radiologic evidence of aneurysm change. (J VASC SURG 1993;17:780-3.)
Atypical Kunitz-Type Serine Proteinase Inhibitors Produced by the Ruminant Placenta

Recently, an unusual family of genes was identified with expression confined to the trophoblast of ruminant ungulate species. The members of this family (the trophoblast Kunitz domain proteins, or TKDPs) are characterized by the presence of one or more similar, approximately 80-residue repeat sequences placed ahead of a Kunitz serine proteinase-inhibitor domain. To examine the specificity of the Kunitz moiety, the Kunitz domains of selected TKDPs and a control Kunitz protein, bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI), were produced as glutathione S-transferase fusions, and their abilities to inhibit six serine proteinases were examined. Circular dichroism spectroscopy confirmed that the Kunitz fold was intact. Three of the TKDPs had unusual residues at their P1 "warhead" (ovine TKDP-1, Asn; bovine TKDP-3, Thr; and bovine TKDP-5, Ile) and exhibited no measurable inhibitory activity toward any of the proteinases. Three (ovine TKDP-3, bovine TKDP-3, and bovine TKDP-4) lacked the conserved cysteines at residues 14 and 38 that form one of the highly conserved disulfide bonds that are structurally important in all known mammalian Kunitz proteins. Ovine TKDP-3 and bovine TKDP-4 had P1 lysines and inhibited trypsin and plasmin with K(i) values only approximately 10-fold higher than that of BPTI. Bovine TKDP-2 had a P1 lysine and the three conserved disulfides, but it possessed an unusual residue (Asp) at P2. It exhibited no inhibitory activity. These data suggest that the function of the TKDP, like certain Kunitz proteins found in snake venoms, may not be in proteinase inhibition.
Poisoning studies in a single-pellet catalytic reactor

Using a novel reactor configuration, the nonuniformity of a poison in a single catalyst pellet was studied. The activity of an n-alumina supported catalyst containing 0.25% platinum was measured using the cyclopropane hydrogenolysis reaction. The results show that the catalyst is progressively poisoned from the outside of the catalyst to the center plane nonuniformly. The data suggest a bimodal pore size distribution in the pellet. On a etudie l'empoisonnement irregulier qui se produit dans une pastille de catalyseur, en utilisant une nouvelle configuration de reacteur. On a mesure l'activite d'un catalyseur contenant 0.25% de platine et pourvu d'un support de n-alumine, au moyen de la reaction d'hydrogenolyse du cyclopropane. Les resultats indiquent que l'empoisonnement du catalyseur se fait d'une maniere irreguliere, mais graduelle, a partir de la partie exterieure jusqu'au plan central du dit catalyseur, et qu'il se produit dans la pastille deux differentes repartitions du diametre des pores.
Changes in employees' job characteristics during an enterprise system implementation: a latent growth modeling perspective

Enterprise system implementations often create tension in organizations. On the one hand, these systems can provide significant operational and strategic benefits. On the other hand, implementation of these systems is risky and a source of major disruptions. In particular, employees experience significant changes in their work environment during an implementation. Although the relationship between ES implementations and employees' jobs has been noted in prior research, there is limited research on the nature, extent, determinants, and outcomes of changes in employees' job characteristics following an ES implementation. This paper develops and tests a model, termed the job characteristics change model (JCCM), that posits that employees will experience substantial changes in two job characteristics (i.e., job demands and job control) during the shakedown phase (i.e., immediately after the rollout) of an ES implementation. These changes are theorized to be predicted by work process characteristics, namely perceived process complexity, perceived process rigidity, and perceived process radicalness, that in turn will be influenced by technology characteristics (i.e., perceived technology complexity, perceived technology reconfigurability, and perceived technology customization). JCCM further posits that changes in job characteristics will influence employees' job satisfaction. Longitudinal field studies conducted in two organizations (N = 281 and 141 respectively) provided support for the model. The scientific and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Changes in the non-linear dynamics of heart rate variability due to foot based vibration while in the seated position

The objective of this study was to determine if a mechanical vibration, applied at the feet with the subject in the seated position, would influence blood flow. Ten female volunteers in the age group of 22 to 59 were tested for 20 minutes with and without vibration (37 Hz, 0.2 g). Blood pressure and continuous heart rate were recorded. Frequency analysis by FFT was used to evaluate heart rate variability (HRV). Analysis of the power spectrum over the range of 0.005-0.5 Hz showed a significant decrease in the slope with age. Vibration resulted in a significant reduction in slope, consistent with having a "younger" HRV. These results are interpreted as the vibration "improving" lower limb circulation.
Evaluation of food safety related behaviors of retail and food service employees while handling fresh and fresh-cut leafy greens

Abstract Foodborne illness outbreaks are often associated with fresh and fresh-cut produce (specifically leafy greens); however, effective training and methods of prevention have not been readily available for the retail and food service industry. The objective of this study was to assess and evaluate the current state of compliance and employee handling practices for fresh and fresh-cut produce, and to identify factors influencing employees' fresh and fresh-cut handling practices using an observational survey tool. A total of sixteen restaurants and fifteen grocery stores in Texas and Ohio were observed. The results revealed low compliance of employees' leafy green handling practices such as improper use of thermometers, lack of documentation, and poor employee hygiene. Statistical analysis results suggested that employees' food safety behaviors vary based on several factors such as operation size, cuisine, and operation type. The results of the study will provide practical guidelines for training employees handling leafy green produce at fresh and fresh-cut packing facilities, produce distribution centers, grocery stores, and restaurants.
SEGREGATION OF THE NEW LICHEN GENUS FORAMINELLA FROM PARMELIOPSIS

A taxonomic study was conducted on Parmeliopsis in North America to examine the features which characterize the genus and its member species. Two of the species studied are retained in Parmeliopsis, while three are transferred to a new genus, Foraminella. Members of the genus Parmeliopsis have emergent, laminal to marginal pycnidia, short conidia which are generally bacilliform with one (or sometimes two) swollen areas, ellipsoid ascospores, whitish to light brown lower cortices, and thamnolic acid. Parmeliopsis aleurites forms isidia, while P. placorodia lacks both soredia and isidia. Foraminella has immersed, laminal pycnidia, falcate conidia, reniform to allantoid ascospores, light brown to black (less frequently whitish) lower cortices, and divaricatic acid plus either usnic acid or atranorin. All three North American species form soredia. Pored epicortices are present in the species of both genera. The name Parmeliopsis first appeared when Nylander (1861) recognized the "Parmeliae placorodiae" as a subgeneric group of Parmelia, and suggested the provisional name Parmeliopsis for the group. The member species were characterized as having short, simple sterigmata, an underside at least moderately covered with rhizines, and long, thin, curved conidia. Stizenberger (1862) then used the name Parmeliopsis for a subgroup of Parmelia, naming P. placorodia Ach. as the only example. The name Parmeliopsis was elevated to the generic level when a preprint of Lichenes Lapponiae orientalis was published by Nylander (1866). Sections were later proposed to deal with heterogeneity within Parmeliopsis. Gyelnik (1932) named section Viridifera to include the greenish-yellow species and section Pallidifera to encompass the gray species. In another attempt to organize the species of Parmeliopsis Hillmann (1936) suggested two sections, Curvoconidia and Rectoconidia, which were separated from each other on the basis of conidial shape. The publications by Gyelnik and Hillmann indicate that Parmeliopsis is not a homogeneous group. The North American species currently placed in Parmeliopsis therefore were examined to determine the extent of diversity present within the genus.
Sulfhydryl Binding Sites within Bacterial Extracellular Polymeric Substances.

In this study, the concentration of sulfhydryl sites on bacterial biomass samples with and without extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was measured in order to determine the distribution of sulfhydryl sites on bacteria. Three different approaches were employed for EPS removal from Pseudomonas putida, and the measured sulfhydryl concentrations on bacterial EPS molecules are independent of the EPS removal protocols used. Prior to EPS removal, the measured sulfhydryl sites within P. putida samples was 34.9 ± 9.5 μmol/g, and no sulfhydryl sites were detected after EPS removal, indicating that virtually all of the sulfhydryl sites are located on the EPS molecules produced by P. putida. In contrast, the sulfhydryl sites within the S. oneidensis samples increased from 32.6 ± 3.6 μmol/g to 51.9 ± 7.2 μmol/g after EPS removal, indicating that the EPS produced by S. oneidensis contained fewer sulfhydryl sites than those present on the untreated cells. This study suggests that the sulfhydryl concentrations on E...
Health education on maternal mode of delivery and production processes

Objective To observe the health education interventions implementation on maternal mode of delivery and production process.Methods From January 2010 to January 2012 in our hospital,120 cases of pregnant women were selected as the objects of observation and divided into intervention group and control group with 60 cases according to the random number table.Delivery methods and production process were compared between two groups.Results Natural childbirth rate of the intervention group was significantly higher,and the cesarean section rate was significantly lower than the control group(P 0.05).The intervention group of labor used in a short time in the control group(P 0.05).The intervention group post-partum bleeding 2 h was less than the control group,the intervention group of neonatal asphyxia ratio was significantly lower than the control group(P 0.05).Conclusion The health education intervention can significantly improve the natural childbirth rate,shorten the birth process,reduce the amount of postpartum hemorrhage,make maternal successful completion of delivery.
Investigation on Surface Acid/Base Properties of EPDM Insulation Layer

The surface acid/base properties of EPDM insulation layer used in solid rocket motor were investigated by contact angle measurement.The results show that the surface of EPDM insulation exhibit Lewis-basic,and the basicity of the surface after a specific heat treatment become stronger.The surface acid/base free energy parameters γ+s、γ-s and dispersion components γsLW of surface free energy were quantitively obtained for EPDM insulation according to the" mono-polar" surface theory and its data processing method.
The Impact of Labor Unionization on Corporate Overinvestment and Underinvestment

We document that labor unionization rates are associated with lower levels of managerial overinvestment and underinvestment for a sample of 3,731 U.S. publicly traded firms over the period 1983-2013. This result is consistent with the explanation that labor unions can play a governance role in improving corporate investment efficiency. The unionization effects are generally stronger in bargaining environments that are favorable to unions. We also find that union monitoring associated with mitigating overinvestment improves future profitability but find no such pattern in instances of underinvestment.
Using proxies to accelerate cloud applications

A rich cloud ecosystem is unfolding with clouds emerging to provide platforms and services of many shapes and sizes. We speculate that future network applications may wish to utilize and synthesize capabilities from multiple clouds. The problem is this may entail significant data communication that derives from the client-server paradigm imposed by most clouds. To address this bottleneck, we propose a cloud proxy network that allows optimized data-centric operations to be performed at strategic network locations. We show the potential of this architecture for accelerating cloud applications.
The Hummus Wars

Analyzing the Israeli-Lebanese hummus wars, this article argues that both the competition to make the largest plate of hummus in the world and the Lebanese effort to trademark the term “hummus” within the European Union are attempts to legalize and concretize the concept of authenticity, which takes on increasing significance under the pressures of globalization and anxiety over homogenization. In addition it argues that “authenticity” is not determined by static tradition or heritage, but rather by practice. Hummus, therefore, is Israeli so long as it is consumed and understood as such by the Israeli population.
Altered neural connectivity in adult female rats exposed to early life social stress

The use of a variety of neuroanatomical techniques has led to a greater understanding of the adverse effects of stress on psychiatric health. One recent advance that has been particularly valuable is the development of resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) in clinical studies. The current study investigates changes in RSFC in F1 adult female rats exposed to the early life chronic social stress (ECSS) of the daily introduction of a novel male intruder to the cage of their F0 mothers while the F1 pups are in the cage. This ECSS for the F1 animals consists of depressed maternal care from their F0 mothers and exposure to conflict between their F0 mothers and intruder males. Analyses of the functional connectivity data in ECSS exposed adult females versus control females reveal broad changes in the limbic and reward systems, the salience and introspective socioaffective networks, and several additional stress and social behavior associated nuclei. Substantial changes in connectivity were found in the prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus, and somatosensory cortex. The current rodent RSFC data support the hypothesis that the exposure to early life social stress has long term effects on neural connectivity in numerous social behavior, stress, and depression relevant brain nuclei. Future conscious rodent RSFC studies can build on the wealth of data generated from previous neuroanatomical studies of early life stress and enhance translational connectivity between animal and human fMRI studies in the development of novel preventative measures and treatments.
The Maize MID-COMPLEMENTING ACTIVITY Homolog CELL NUMBER REGULATOR13/NARROW ODD DWARF Coordinates Organ Growth and Tissue Patterning

Organogenesis occurs through cell division, expansion, and differentiation. How these cellular processes are coordinated remains elusive. The maize (Zea mays) leaf provides a robust system to study cellular differentiation due to its distinct tissues and cell types. The narrow odd dwarf (nod) mutant displays defects at both the cellular and tissue level that increase in severity throughout growth. nod mutant leaves have reduced size due to fewer and smaller cells compared with the wild type. The juvenile-to-adult transition is delayed, and proximal distal-patterning is abnormal in this mutant. Differentiation of specialized cells such as those forming stomata and trichomes is incomplete. Analysis of nod-1 sectors suggests that NOD plays a cell-autonomous function in the leaf. We cloned nod positionally and found that it encodes CELL NUMBER REGULATOR13 (CNR13), the maize MID-COMPLEMENTING ACTIVITY homolog. CNR13/NOD is localized to the membrane and is enriched in dividing tissues. Transcriptome analysis of nod mutants revealed overrepresentation of cell wall, hormone metabolism, and defense gene categories. We propose that NOD coordinates cell activity in response to intrinsic and extrinsic cues.
La crise berbère de 1949. Portrait de deux militants: Ouali Bennaï et Amar Ould-Hamouda. Quelle identité pour l’Algerie?

In a life that has spanned nearly a century, the breadth of Abdennour Ali Yahia’s career almost defies belief. He has been a teacher, a militant in the Parti du Peuple Algerien-Mouvement pour le Tr...
Alternative synthetic aperture radar (SAR) modalities using a 1D dynamic metasurface antenna

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems conventionally rely on mechanically-actuated reflector dishes or large phased arrays for generating steerable directive beams. While these systems have yielded high-resolution images, the hardware suffers from considerable weight, high cost, substantial power consumption, and moving parts. Since these disadvantages are particularly relevant in airborne and spaceborne systems, a flat, lightweight, and low-cost solution is a sought-after goal. Dynamic metasurface antennas have emerged as a recent technology for generating waveforms with desired characteristics. Metasurface antennas consist of an electrically-large waveguide loaded with numerous subwavelength radiators which selectively leak energy from a guided wave into free space to form various radiation patterns. By tuning each radiating element, we can modulate the aperture’s overall radiation pattern to generate steered directive beams, without moving parts or phase shifters. Furthermore, by using established manufacturing methods, these apertures can be made to be lightweight, low-cost, and planar, while maintaining high performance. In addition to their hardware benefits, dynamic metasurfaces can leverage their dexterity and high switching speeds to enable alternative SAR modalities for improved performance. In this work, we briefly discuss how dynamic metasurfaces can conduct existing SAR modalities with similar performance as conventional systems from a significantly simpler hardware platform. We will also describe two additional modalities which may achieve improved performance as compared to traditional modalities. These modalities, enhanced resolution stripmap and diverse pattern stripmap, offer the ability to circumvent the trade-off between resolution and region-of-interest size that exists within stripmap and spotlight. Imaging results with a simulated dynamic metasurface verify the benefits of these modalities and a discussion of implementation considerations and noise effects is also included. Ultimately, the hardware gains coupled with the additional modalities well-suited to dynamic metasurface antennas has poised them to propel the SAR field forward and open the door to exciting opportunities.
Effective use of technology for asynchronous learning to elevate students’ knowledge and problem-solving ability

Abstract An essential skill for students to be successful in general chemistry is the ability to solve problems. General chemistry problems are well-structured problems that have a unique solution (Jonassen, 1997). To solve such problems, a student must have strong foundational knowledge as well as structural knowledge, i.e., how concepts connect to each other in the discipline. Novice problem solvers have difficulty identifying key concepts and variables as well as recognizing connections between them, and therefore, struggle to develop a solution (Nygren, 2007; Morgan and Williams, 2007). Through “deliberate practice” at every level (Deslauriers, Schelew, & Wieman, 2011) students can acquire the knowledge and skills necessary to become better problem solvers. Using a modified flipped-classroom model, we use our learning management system (LMS) to provide various resources that enable students to prepare for class asynchronously. Use of a personal response system at the start of class helps evaluate student preparation and lays the foundation for building students’ knowledge and skills further. After class, resources on the LMS and an online homework system help students strengthen their knowledge and skills. Finally, students work in mixed-skilled peer groups to articulate their understanding and solve higher-level problems.
Multi-network multi-message social media message dissemination problem for emergency communication

Abstract Social media has been widely adopted by emergency management organizations and agencies to disseminate emergency messages to the public. However, the traditional one-to-all post-and-wait practice does not serve this purpose well in the complex and dynamic environments in disasters and extreme events. In this paper, we examine an engaged social media node targeting strategy to facilitate message propagation, and propose an optimization scheme incorporating this strategy to determine the optimal sets of nodes to target with planning horizon length, source messaging capacity, social network characteristics and user behaviors considered. Experiments, computational results and managerial insights are discussed.
Analysis of the conformational properties of amine ligands at the gold/water interface with QM, MM and QM/MM simulations

We describe a strategy of integrating quantum mechanical (QM), hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) and MM simulations to analyze the physical properties of a solid/water interface. This protocol involves using a correlated ab initio (CCSD(T)) method to first calibrate Density Functional Theory (DFT) as the QM approach, which is then used in QM/MM simulations to compute relevant free energy quantities at the solid/water interface using a mean-field approximation of Yang et al. that decouples QM and MM thermal fluctuations; gas-phase QM/MM and periodic DFT calculations are used to determine the proper QM size in the QM/MM simulations. Finally, the QM/MM free energy results are compared with those obtained from MM simulations to directly calibrate the force field model for the solid/water interface. This protocol is illustrated by examining the orientations of an alkyl amine ligand at the gold/water interface, since the ligand conformation is expected to impact the chemical properties (e.g., charge) of the solid surface. DFT/MM and MM simulations using the INTERFACE force field lead to consistent results, suggesting that the effective gold/ligand interactions can be adequately described by a van der Waals model, while electrostatic and induction effects are largely quenched by solvation. The observed differences among periodic DFT, QM/MM and MM simulations, nevertheless, suggest that explicitly including electronic polarization and potentially charge transfer in the MM model can be important to the quantitative accuracy. The strategy of integrating multiple computational methods to cross-validate each other for complex interfaces is applicable to many problems that involve both inorganic/metallic and organic/biomolecular components, such as functionalized nanoparticles.
Expert System Environment/VM Applications in Manufacturing

In this paper we will discuss expert systems in Manufacturing developed at IBM sites or together with IBM partners like IBM customers and universities. All these applications use Expert System Environment/VM (ESE/VM), an IBM Program Offering. Most of these systems are prototypes so far. There is no intent at this time to convert these expert system applications into products available outside IBM.
Feeling the pulse of the city: racial liberalism and the political geographies of tension in postwar Detroit

ABSTRACTRecent work in urban and political geography has explored how affective life is becoming intertwined with security apparatuses. This paper situates this interest within a longer history by exploring how affect–specifically “tension”–emerged as an object of political concern and intervention in US cities during the postwar era. Focusing on Detroit, we trace how northern liberals responded to an escalation in racial unrest by developing programs that sought to detect and locate a change in the city’s atmospheric charge. They also created various measures to try and combat a rise in tension or aggression before it led to violence. However, while these efforts were framed in terms of collective security, we argue that they actually reproduced racialized differences across the city. They also helped to construct material and ideological support at the local-level for the national backlash against racial liberalism marked by the election of Nixon in the late-1960s.
Spaces of rank-2 matrices over GF(2).

The possible dimensions of spaces of matrices over GF(2) whose nonzero elements all have rank 2 are investigated.
Measurement of Rotational Temperatures by Raman Spectroscopy: Application of Raman Spectroscopy to the Acquisition of Thermodynamic Values in a Chemical System

The standard expressions which describe the frequency positions and line strengths of the rotational Raman spectra of homonuclear diatomic gases in the rigid rotor approximation are presented. As the relative intensities of the rotational lines are related in a fairly simple manner to the thermal distribution of the gas molecules over the rotational states, it is shown how it is possible to obtain a value for the temperature of a gas by measuring its rotational spectrum.
Iron and Cancer

This review explores the multifaceted role that iron has in cancer biology. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between excess iron and increased cancer incidence and risk, while experimental studies have implicated iron in cancer initiation, tumor growth, and metastasis. The roles of iron in proliferation, metabolism, and metastasis underpin the association of iron with tumor growth and progression. Cancer cells exhibit an iron-seeking phenotype achieved through dysregulation of iron metabolic proteins. These changes are mediated, at least in part, by oncogenes and tumor suppressors. The dependence of cancer cells on iron has implications in a number of cell death pathways, including ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death. Uniquely, both iron excess and iron depletion can be utilized in anticancer therapies. Investigating the efficacy of these therapeutic approaches is an area of active research that promises substantial clinical impact.
Inhibition of HSP90 overcomes resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in pancreatic cancer

Resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) to radiotherapy and chemotherapy represents a significant clinical issue. Although the mechanisms of resistance are multi-faceted, client proteins of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) such as hypoxia induced factor-1α (HIF-1α) have a central role in this process. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate inhibition of HSP90 as a therapeutic strategy for radiosensitization in pancreatic cancer. Ganetespib, a selective inhibitor of HSP90, was evaluated as a radio-sensitizer in setting of PDAC. Inhibition of HSP90 by ganetespib potentiated the ability of radiation therapy to limit cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro. HIF-1α expression was upregulated by irradiation and HIF-1α-overexpressing stable cell lines were resistant to radiation. Inhibition of HSP90 with ganetespib reversed the effects of HIF-1α overexpression, by reducing signaling via proliferative, angiogenic and anti-apoptotic pathways. The potentiation of the antitumor effects of chemoradiotherapy by ganetespib and modulation of key pathways (e.g. HIF-1α, STAT3, and AKT) was confirmed in vivo in nude mice bearing HPAC xenograft tumors. These novel data highlight HIF-1α-mediated mechanisms of HSP90 inhibition that sensitize PDAC cells to chemoradiotherapy. This pathway and its pleiotropic effects warrant further evaluation in concert with conventional therapy in pancreatic cancer clinical trials.
Introduction: Mainstream Psychology’s Worrisome Incorrigibility

This chapter discusses the manifest incorrigibility of mainstream scientific psychology in the face of trenchant critiques of the long-standing practice of interpreting statistical research findings defined only for aggregates of subjects as if those findings warranted claims to scientific knowledge of individuals within the aggregates. It is argued that the untoward consequences of this practice, which are both epistemic and socio-ethical in nature, have historically been concealed by the custom of speaking and writing about aggregate statistical research findings in ways that conflate the distinction between frequentist and subjectivist understandings of probability. Mainstream psychology’s refusal to come to terms with this essentially conceptual problem is discussed in the light of a warning issued by Wilhelm Wundt more than a century ago that a psychology unmindful of the crucial role of conceptual inquiry in all of science would in time imperil its own existence.
On Custom LUT-based Obfuscation

Logic obfuscation yields hardware security against various threats, such as Intellectual Property (IP) piracy and reverse engineering. Evolving Boolean satisfiability (SAT) attacks have challenged the hardware security assurance rendered by various obfuscation methods. Recent works have centered on using re-configurable components such as Look-Up-Tables (LUTs) to enhance resiliency against attacks. Resiliency against SAT-attack is guaranteed when the size of LUT (number of inputs) is large. However, this incurs significant power, area and performance overheads. To address this challenge, this work proposes logic encryption based on customized LUT to make this practical. We propose two variants of the customized LUT based obfuscation: LUT+MUX based obfuscation, securing the design through routing obfuscation by MUX(multiplexer) and logic obfuscation of LUTs; and LUT+LUT based obfuscation, benefiting from LUT based obfuscation reinforced with additional logic/routing obfuscation. We evaluate the hardware security and overheads of the proposed two variants of customized LUT-based obfuscation on various benchmarks. Proposedcustomized LUT-based obfuscation breaks the security, power, and area trade-offs. The proposed solution is shown to be robust against SAT-attacks and power analysis-based side-channel attacks with8×reduced area and 3×reduced power on an average compared tostate-of-the-art LUT-based obfuscation.
Non-narcotic Perioperative Pain Management in Prosthetic Breast Reconstruction During an Opioid Crisis: A Systematic Review of Paravertebral Blocks.

Background Alternatives to postoperative, narcotic pain management following implant-based, postmastectomy breast reconstruction (IBR) must be a focus for plastic surgeons and anesthesiologists, especially with the current opioid epidemic. Paravertebral blocks (PVBs) are a regional technique that has demonstrated efficacy in patients undergoing a variety of breast cancer-related surgeries. However, a specific understanding of PVB's efficacy in pain management in patients who undergo IBR is lacking. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library electronic database was conducted to examine PVB administration in mastectomy patients undergoing IBR. Data were abstracted regarding: authors, publication year, study design, patient demographics, tumor laterality, tumor stage, type, and timing of reconstruction. The primary outcome was PVB efficacy, represented as patient-reported pain scores. Secondary outcomes of interest include narcotic consumption, postoperative nausea and vomiting, antiemetic use, and length of stay. Results The search resulted in 1,516 unique articles. After title and abstract screening, 29 articles met the inclusion criteria for full-text review. Only 7 studies were included. Of those, 2 studies were randomized control trials and 5 were retrospective cohort studies. Heterogeneity of included studies precluded a meta-analysis. Overall, PVB patients had improved pain control, and less opioid consumption. Conclusion PVBs are a regional anesthesia technique which may aid in pain management in the breast reconstructive setting. Evidence suggests that PVBs aid in controlling acute postoperative pain, reduce opioid consumption, and improve patient length of stay. However, some conflicting findings demonstrate a need for continued research in this area of pain control.
Anisotropic material with interacting arbitrarily oriented cracks. Stress intensity factors and crack-microcrack interactions

Elastic interactions of cracks arbitrarily oriented in a 2-D anisotropic matrix are analyzed. The impact of material's anisotropy on mechanics of interactions is found to be significant. The anisotropy of Young's moduli produces the strongest impact: it enhances (weakens) the interactions under a loading applied in the stiffer (softer) direction. Sensitivity to the shear modulus is somewhat lower and the impact of Poisson's ratios is small.
Disaster mental health with Dr. Kevin Rowell.

The following interview with Kevin Rowell, PhD, reflects on his experiences working as a Disaster Mental Health volunteer with the American Red Cross. Rowell provides specific details regarding the nature of his work, including setting, context, and typical duties. He discusses challenges and stressors encountered as well as how to manage potential negative impacts of working in and amongst stress. This interview sheds light on an unusual role of psychologists and highlights how the diverse skillsets of mental health professionals can be used to impact others' wellbeing in a variety of contexts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Penalties: Asserting State-of-Mind Defense to Accuracy-Related Penalty Waives Attorney-Client Privilege

The attorney client privilege is a well-known common law rule of evidence and a fundamental element of the relationship between an attorney and a client. The privilege was developed “to encourage full and frank communication between attorneys and their clients and thereby promote broader public interests in the observance of law and administration of justice.” Despite its noble purpose, the privilege is not nearly as broad as many people believe. A recent Tax Court case illustrates how the privilege can easily be waived with respect to a tax opinion whenever a taxpayer asserts a defense to an accuracy-related penalty that is based on the taxpayer’s state of mind.
Who Celebrates What? A Response to Professor Levinson

This invited contribution responds to Sanford Levinson’s 2019 Constitution Day lecture delivered at Northeastern University. Levinson asks what is worth celebrating, the Constitution or the Framers? He is willing to celebrate the Framers who, in his assessment, “were truly concerned citizens of a new, and extremely vulnerable, United States of America.” He cautions, however, against “thoughtless praise of our founding document.” And he encourages deeper thinking about what it means to celebrate founders and innovators. This response focuses on the German Basic Law, examining a variety of contributions by German and U.S. scholars as well as German judges and politicians on the occasions of the Basic Law’s 50th, 60th and 70th anniversaries. In comparative perspective, I address the question of what there is to celebrate about constitutions, or more broadly, constitutionalism.
Speech Development Between 30 and 119 Months in Typical Children I: Intelligibility Growth Curves for Single-Word and Multiword Productions.

Purpose We extended our earlier study on normative growth curves for intelligibility development in typical children from 30 to 119 months of age. We also determined quantile-specific age of steepe...
Multi-walk Parallel Pattern Search Approach on a GPU Computing Platform

This paper studies the efficiency of using Pattern Search (PS) on bound constrained optimization functions on a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) computing platform. Pattern Search is a direct search optimization technique that does not require derivative information on non-linear programming problems. Pattern Search is ideally suited to a GPU computing environment due to its low memory requirement and no communication between threads in a multi-walk setting. To adapt to a GPU environment, traditional Pattern Search is modified by terminating based on iterations instead of tolerance. This research designed and implemented a multi-walk Pattern Search algorithm on a GPU computing platform. Computational results are promising with a computing speedup of 100+ compared to a corresponding implementation on a single CPU.
Selected Physiological and Psychomotor Correlates of Depression in Psychiatric Patients

Abstract Selected physiological and psychomotor variables of depressed and nondepressed psychiatric patients were investigated. A comparison of the fractionated MMPI D Scale and Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) was also made. A further subsidiary problem studied was the role of alcoholism in depression as it contributed to selected physiological and psychomotor variables. Participants in this study consisted of 69 male psychiatric patients between the ages of 20 and 50 years. All patients were tested within 48 hours after admission to the Toledo State Hospital and prior to the administration of medication. Previous research indicating that motor dysfunction was closely related to the degree of psychopathology was generally not substantiated by this investigation. It was concluded that the patient's verbalization of physiological and psychomotor retardation appeared to mirror his affective state rather than his physical competence. The SDS appeared to be the most efficacious method of assessing qu...
Proceedings of the 2013 ACM SIGPLAN symposium on Haskell

It is my great pleasure to welcome you to the ACM SIGPLAN Haskell Symposium 2013. The meeting follows in the tradition of 5 previous Haskell Symposia and, before them, 11 previous Haskell Workshops. Our call for submissions attracted 33 papers and 4 system demonstration proposals from all around the globe. Each submission was reviewed by at least three Program Committee members, with the help of external reviewers. The Program Committee then discussed the submissions during a weeklong electronic PC meeting and accepted 13 papers and 3 system demonstrations.
The relationship between the financial status of sole community independent pharmacies and their broader involvement with other rural providers.

Purpose: To document sole community pharmacists’ involvement with other local health care organizations, these pharmacies’ current financial status, and to determine whether financial position was associated with the provision of pharmacy services to other local health care providers. Methods: We conducted semistructured interviews with pharmacist-owners of 401 sole community pharmacies randomly selected using data from the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs, Inc. Bivariate and multivariate analyses of responses were conducted to examine associations between pharmacy characteristics, financial position, and involvement with other local health care providers. Findings: About 4 in 5 pharmacies provided services to at least 1 local health care organization. Most respondents (70%) described their store's overall financial position as good or very good, but about one-third reported that their financial conditions had deteriorated since the previous year. Providing services to other organizations was associated with higher prescription sales volume. After controlling for prescription volume, there was no association between providing services to other organizations and pharmacist-owners’ self-assessed financial position. Conclusion: Sole community pharmacists provide important pharmaceutical support services to other health care organizations. Other than increased volume of business, this support often does not translate directly to an improved financial position for the pharmacy. The survival of sole community pharmacies not only ensures retail access to pharmaceuticals and patient counseling, but it also, in many cases, plays a key role in supporting other local health care providers, helping to preserve access to important services that are particularly needed in communities with limited health care options.
Region of interest coding for image compression

This paper presents a new method for region of interest (ROI) coding based on the embedded block coding with optimized truncation (EBCOT) paradigm. The proposed method reduces the priority of the less important region or background of an image, allowing the user to quickly view the ROI with higher quality without receiving the entire image. Thus, it substantially saves the transmission time, storage space, and computational cost of image compression. The unique characteristics of the new method lie in the combination of good ROI compression performance and low algorithm complexity. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method significantly outperforms the previous ROI coding schemes in overall ROI coding performance.
Diversity and Technology: Classroom Implications of the Digital Divide.

This paper analyzes the intersection of technology and diversity in classrooms with reference to the implications of the inequity of access and usage for under-represented groups including low-inco...
Agro-Forestry and Its Implications in the Tropics

This paper aims to explain the different practices of agro-forestry, the history of agro-forestry in the Amazon, some agro-forestry methods that are used in the tropics, the advantages of agro-forestry as a whole, and the challenges to agro-forestry in the tropics.
Disentangling Conscience and Religion

What does “liberty of conscience” mean? Religious liberty? Freedom of strong conviction? Freedom of thought? Since the Founding Era, Americans have used liberty of conscience to paper over disputes about the proper scope of religious, moral, and philosophical liberty. This Article explores the relationship between conscience and religion in history, political theory, and theology, and proposes a conception of conscience that supports a liberty of conscience distinct from religious liberty. In doing so, it offers a theoretical basis for distinguishing between conscience and religion in First Amendment scholarship and related fields. Conscience is best understood, for purposes of legal theory, as a universal faculty that issues moral commands and judgments. This conception overlaps with religion but is not concentric with it. On one hand, conscience may be informed by religious beliefs (or by nonreligious beliefs). On the other, religious beliefs and practices may be entirely independent of conscience. Protecting fidelity to conscience, whether religious or nonreligious, promotes integrity and undermines the government’s pretensions to moral totalitarianism. This conception of conscience is coherent enough to support a legal right and valuable enough to deserve one.