cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Freedom Fucking Nothing

Zackary Drucker earned an MFA from the California Institute of the Arts in 2007 and a BFA from the School of Visual Arts in 2005. She has performed and exhibited her work internationally in numerous museums, galleries, and film festivals including the 54th Venice Biennale—Swiss Off-site Pavilion; Curtat Tunnel, Lausanne, Switzerland; Lu.C.C.A. Museum of Contemporary Art, Lucca, IT; Les Rencontres Internationales Paris/Berlin/Madrid; SFMOMA, Yerba Buena Center for the Arts, San Francisco, CA; MoMA PS1, Deitch Projects, Leo Koenig Inc. Projekte, Invisible-Exports, New York; and Jerome Zodo Contemporary, Milan. In Los Angeles, her performances, films, and videos have been featured at the Hammer Museum, REDCAT, LACE, Luis De Jesus Los Angeles, Steve Turner Contemporary, and Human Resources. She lives and works in Los Angeles and is represented by Luis De Jesus Los Angeles.
Numerical investigation of laminar flows through 90-degree diversions of rectangular cross-section

Numerical solutions of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are obtained for steady, laminar flows through 90-degree diversions of rectangular cross-section. Calculations are carried out for various Reynolds numbers, discharge ratios and duct aspect ratios. The computed solutions are compared with available experimental measurements and analysed to elucidate the complex three-dimensional separation and flow topology patterns. It is shown that, even for large aspect ratio ducts, the flow at the symmetry plane is significantly affected by the distant top and bottom solid boundaries. These boundaries induce a complex three-dimensional flow which includes: a depth-varying dividing stream-surface in the main channel; depth-varying recirculation zones in both main and branch channels within which low velocity flow spirals upward; and secondary circulation currents which sweep near-bottom boundary flow into the two recirculation zones. These same flow patterns have been observed experimentally in diversions of circular as well as rectangular cross-sections for both turbulent and laminar flow regimes, but their details were not accessible to previous calculations.
The role of intracranial surgery for the treatment of malignant gliomas.

The malignant glioma, grades III and IV, is a cancer of rare biological consistency which until the advent of recent therapeutic advances had a median survival time of 6 months and killed 90% in 18 months [1]. There are 385,000 deaths from cancer each year in the USA of which 50,000 (13%) are associated with central nervous system involvement. It is estimated that of the 50,000 deaths, 8,500 (17%) are caused by primary brain tumors and 5,000 of these can be attributed to the malignant glioma or glioblastoma. The number of deaths from malignant gliomas is about half those reported from leukemia but are, in fact, more common than those from Hodgkin’s disease [2]. At the New York University Medical Center in the last 1,000 surgically verified primary supratentorial tumors in adults, 500 represent tumors of glial origin. Eighty percent of glial tumors were in the malignant glioma and glioblastoma class, 10% in the grade I, II and mixed glial groups and 10% represented oligodendrogliomas, ependymomas and other less common forms of primary tumors of neural origin.
Molecular basis for the association of glucosyltransferases with the cell surface of oral streptococci

The expression of Streptococcus mutans mutant glucosyltransferase-I enzymes in S. sanguis and S. milleri suggests that cell-associated glucosyltransferase activity is dependent upon both glucan synthesis and glucan binding by the carboxyl-terminal repeating units of the enzyme. Mutant enzymes lacking these repeating units were only present in the extracellular fluids of these transformed streptococcal strains.
Effect of growth hormone and glutamine on the short bowel: five years later

See article on page 199 Short bowel syndrome is a condition marked by weight, fluid, and nutrient loss in the absence of adequate small intestine length. In adults this is usually the result of surgical intestinal resection for Crohn's disease, acute bowel infarction, radiation strictures, and adhesive obstruction. Patients with a residual small bowel length of 100 cm (normal 600 cm) or less usually require parenteral nutrition for survival. Prior to the discovery of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in 1968 by Dudrick and colleagues, patients with short bowel often died as a result of fluid and nutritional deficiency.1 2 During the past three decades we have learned that parenteral nutrition can be given in the home environment (home parenteral nutrition (HPN)) with good results.3 However, there are complications associated with long term HPN which include catheter sepsis, liver injury, and bone disease. Daily administration of HPN also requires dedication and planning …
Dying and its Interpreters: A Review of Selected Literature and Some Comments on the State of the Field:

What have been the major theoretical approaches that have been useful in the study of dying to date? What theoretical approaches hold promise for the future? Selected literature on dying and coping...
On quadratic m-sequences

Maximal sequences generated by linear feedback shift registers (FSRs), known as m-sequences, have been well-studied in the literature. These sequences have long periods, good statistical properties and two-valued autocorrelation functions. However, m-sequences are extremely vulnerable to a known plaintext attack. In order to overcome these weaknesses, nonlinearities have been introduced. We study nonlinear feedback functions by investigating quadratic functions. The quadratic span of a periodic binary sequence is the length of the shortest quadratic FSR that generates the sequence. This paper considers the question as to whether the sequence obtained from a DeBruijn sequence by dropping the all-zero state can now have quadratic span n. Such sequences are the quadratic analog of the linear m-sequences and present an attractive extremal case to explore further the structure of nonlinear FSRs. >
SAT-based semiformal verification of hardware

Semiformal, or hybrid, verification techniques are extensively used in pre-silicon hardware verification. Most approaches combine simulation and formal verification (FV) algorithms to achieve better design coverage than conventional simulation and scale better than FV. In this paper we introduce a purely SAT-based semiformal verification (SFV) method that is based on new algorithms for generating multiple heterogeneous models for a propositional formula. An additional novelty of our paper is the extension of the SFV algorithm to liveness properties. The experimental data presented in this paper clearly shows that the proposed method can effectively find bugs in complex industrial designs that neither simulation nor FV reveal.
The use of genetic sonography to reduce the need for amniocentesis in women at high-risk for Down syndrome

Much information has been published regarding the use of second-trimester genetic sonography for the prenatal detection of Down syndrome by examining multiple aneuploidy markers. Among high-risk mothers (advanced maternal age, abnormal triple screen, or both), while many undoubtedly will choose to have invasive testing as a first option, others will instead use the information derived from genetic sonography to obtain an adjusted risk for Down syndrome to guide their decision about genetic amniocentesis. Accordingly, it is imperative that these patients have accurate and detailed counseling regarding their degree of risk reduction when the genetic sonogram is normal. This article reviews the use of second trimester genetic sonography in reducing the need for amniocentesis in the high-risk patient. At our institution, in high-risk patients when the genetic ultrasound is normal, the amniocentesis rate has been only 3%. We have found that genetic sonography is a patient-driven service, and that the information obtained at the time of ultrasound is an important component of the patient's decision of whether or not to proceed with invasive testing.
Nanocell logic gates for molecular computing

Molecular electronics seeks to build electrical devices to implement computation - logic and memory - using individual or small collections of molecules. These devices have the potential to reduce device size and fabrication costs, by several orders of magnitude, relative to conventional CMOS. However, the construction of a practical molecular computer will require the molecular switches and their related interconnect technologies to behave as large-scale diverse logic, with input/output wires scaled to molecular dimensions. It is unclear whether it is necessary or even. possible to control the precise regular placement and interconnection of these diminutive molecular systems. This paper describes genetic algorithm-based simulations of molecular device structures in a nanocell where placement and connectivity of the internal molecular switches are not specifically directed and the internal topology is generally disordered. With some simplifying assumptions, these results show that it is possible to use easily fabricated nanocells as logic devices by setting the internal molecular switch states after the topological molecular assembly is complete. Simulated logic devices include an inverter, a NAND gate, an XOR gate and a 1-bit adder. Issues of defect and fault tolerance are addressed.
Deformation mechanisms of isotactic poly(1-butene)

The deformation of thin films of poly(1-butene) (PB) occurs by micronecking. In both fresh (From II crystal structure) and aged (Form I) films finite blocks are drawn off the edge of the microneck, the detailed mechanisms depending on the orientation of the original crystalline ribbons comprising the spherulites with respect to the draw direction. Deformation of fresh thick and thin PB films is accompanied by a transformation to a Form I which melts ca. 5°C lower than that obtained by aging alone (124 vs. 129°C); in thick films the molecular axes in the Form I crystals are oriented in a cone at about 30° to the draw direction until deformation is nearly complete, after which they align in the draw direction. Tensile properties depend on the crystal form, fresh samples having a considerably lower modulus and higher elongation to failure.
Advances in Breast Conservation Therapy

Breast conservation therapy (BCT) is now well established as oncologically safe treatment for primary breast cancer, and in fact has been deemed the preferable surgical option in a 1991 National Cancer Institute (NCI) position statement on management of early-stage disease. This consensus was reached after the completion of several prospective, randomized clinical trials confirming survival equivalence in breast cancer patients randomly assigned to receive BCT versus mastectomy. Follow-up as long as 20 years has been reported (Table 1) as well as a metaanalysis of all trials, with stability of the outcome results.
COSMOPOLITANISM, FEMINISM, AND THE MOVING BODY

In October 1894, Mrs. Laura Ormiston Chant, a feminist purity reformer, successfully challenged the music and dancing license of the Empire Theatre of Varieties before the licensing committee of the London County Council. Mrs. Chant raised two objections to the management of the Empire: first, that “the promenade, an open space behind the dress circle in front of the bar,” where 500 people circulated nightly, was used “as the habitual resort of prostitutes in pursuit of their traffic.” Her “second indictment” was that parts of the performance on stage were exceedingly indecent, including the costumes of the ballet dancers (“London County Council”). Chant had gone to the Empire promenade, twice dressed in her “best” evening gown, and been herself accosted. Her protest, declared The Sketch, provoked the “battle of the Empire,” a “great fight . . . waged with a war of words, a battery of correspondence, and a skirmish of sketches” (qtd in Faulk 77). Visually commemorated in the illustrated press and in numerous music hall spoofs, the “Battle of the Empire” was most extensively covered in the correspondence columns of the Daily Telegraph, under the heading, “Prudes on the Prowl.”
Subject selection in AAC research: Decision points

In this concluding paper related to subject selection in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) research, four issues previously discussed are brought together: the representativeness/homogeneity of subjects, methodological design, external validity, and research economics. In light of these particular issues, a set of heuristics for making appropriate subject choices is provided.
EFFECTS OF ESTROGENIC SUBSTANCES AND THE LUTEINIZING FACTOR ON PREGNANCY IN THE ALBINO RAT

Investigations of the effect of estrogenic substances on pregnancy have not led to uniform, well-defined results. Since all of the previous work has been carried on with crude preparations, the explanation of the differences may lie in the nature of the impurities. The isolation of the two crystalline estrogenic compounds, theelin and theelol, afforded us the opportunity of excluding the effects of extraneous substances. Brouha and Simonnet (1) in 1925 reported that extracts of liquor folliculi, administered to rats during late pregnancy, had no effect on the gestation. In contrast to this work, Parkes and Bellerby (2) in 1926 found that in the white mouse pregnancy could be interrupted and rapid return to oestrus be brought about by administration of oestrin. Small dosages were used (one to five mouse units), although during the later stages of pregnancy larger quantities were necessary in order to bring about abortion. Later (1930) Parkes (3) reported that oestrin alone, in doses as high as 380 M.U. did...
A macroscale model for low density snow subjected to rapid loading

Abstract A Capped Drucker–Prager (CDP) model was used to simulate the deformation-load response of a low density (150–250 kg/m3) snow being loaded at high strain rates (i.e., strain rates associated with vehicle passage) in the temperature range of −1 to −10 °C. The range in the appropriate model parameters was determined from experimental data. The model parameters were refined by running finite-element models of a radially confined uniaxial compression test and a plate sinkage test and comparing these results with laboratory and field experiments of the same. This effort resulted in the development of two sets of model parameters for low density snow, one set that is applicable for weak or “soft” snow and a second set that is representative of stronger or “hard” (aged or sintered) snow. Together, these models provide a prediction of the upper and lower bound of the macroscale snow response in this density range. Furthermore, the modeled snow compaction density agrees well with measured data. These models were used to simulate a tire rolling through new fallen snow and showed good agreement with the available field data over the same depth and density range.
Addition of Acute Care Nurse Practitioners to Medical and Surgical Rapid Response Teams: A Pilot Project

Background Vanderbilt University Hospital's original rapid response team included a critical care charge nurse and a respiratory therapist. A frequently identified barrier to care was the time delay between arrival of the rapid response team and arrival of the primary health care team. Objective To assess the impact of adding an acute care nurse practitioner to the rapid response team. Methods Acute care nurse practitioners were added to surgical and medical rapid response teams in January 2011 to diagnose and order treatments on rapid response calls. Results In 2011, the new teams responded to 898 calls, averaging 31.8 minutes per call. The most frequent diagnoses were respiratory distress (18%), postoperative pain (13%), hypotension (12%), and tachyarrhythmia (10%). The teams facilitated 360 transfers to intensive care and provided 3056 diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Communication with the primary team was documented on 97% of the calls. Opportunities for process improvement were identified on 18% of the calls. After implementation, charge nurses were surveyed, with 96% expressing high satisfaction associated with enhanced service and quality. Conclusions Teams led by nurse practitioners provide diagnostic expertise and treatment, facilitation of transfers, team communication, and education.
Tolerance of Transplanted Seashore Dropseed to Pre- and Postemergence Herbicides

ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. Sporobolus virginicus, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen, sulfosulfuron, native species establishment, roadside re-vegetation, Hawaii SUMMARY. Field experiments were conducted to assess the tolerance of seashore dropseed (Sporobolus virginicus) to pre- and postemergence herbicides labeled for roadside right-of-way use. Dithiopyr (0.25 and 0.50 lb/acre a.i.), trifluralin + isoxaben (2.0 + 0.5 and 4.0 + 1.0 lb/acre a.i.), oxyfluorfen (0.25 and 0.50 lb/acre a.i.), oxadiazon (2.0 and 4.0 lb/acre a.i.), and granular table salt (99% sodium chloride, 1% sodium silicoaluminate; 83% of particles 0.5‐0.25 mm in diameter, 400 lb/acre a.i.) were applied at 2 and 84 days after transplanting (DAT). Preemergence weed control with crop response measures as visual foliar injury ratings and aboveground biomass accumulation were recorded 38 days after the second application of herbicides (DAH2). Crop response to postemergence herbicides aminopyralid (1.10 lb/acre a.i.), triclopyr (3.0 lb/acre a.i.), a prepackaged mix of carfentrazone + (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid + mecoprop + dicamba (0.02 + 1.11 + 0.22 + 0.11 lb/acre a.i.), and sulfosulfuron (0.06 lb/acre a.i.) applied at 70 and 98 DAT included visual foliar injury ratings and aboveground biomass accumulation at 28 DAH2. Although all pre-emergence herbicides (except table salt) exhibited acceptable weed control ratings, only oxadiazon and oxyfluorfen showed exceptional weed control and safety. The postemergence herbicide sulfosulfuron was the least injurious to seashore dropseed. The mixture of carfentrazone + (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid + mecoprop + dicamba and triclopyr were the most injurious to seashore dropseed and should only be used as a directed spray treatment. An unintended overapplication of aminopyralid was phytotoxic, but it did not lead to complete plant death at 28 DAH2. These data identified oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen, and sulfosulfuron as safe and effective for establishing transplanted seashore dropseed plugs.
Technological Determinism and Permissionless Innovation as Technocratic Governing Mentalities: Psychocultural Barriers to the Democratization of Technology

Despite no shortage of thoughtful analysis concerning how to more democratically develop and assess new technologies, practical progress toward democratized innovation has been paltry. This state of affairs suggests that the barriers to such democratic ends merit more attention. Building upon calls to more seriously examine citizens’ understandings of technology as autonomous or deterministic, this paper characterizes the assumptions, beliefs, and patterns of thought undergirding technological determinism and permissionless innovation as technocratic governing mentalities. That is, they contribute to the biasing of political discourses, practices, and organizations toward non-decision making and adaptation with regards to technological change. Indeed, permissionless innovation is quickly becoming the motto of those aiming to legitimate a “hands-off” approach to the sociotechnical “disruptions” sought by Silicon Valley entrepreneurs. Moreover, this paper explores how STS, as both an academic and political endeavor, might better respond to the challenges these modes of thinking present. Drawing upon relevant work within social psychology and communications, several fruitful avenues for engaged research regarding undermining technocratic governing mentalities become apparent. Not only is there a pressing need for accessible and parsimonious counternarratives to technological determinism and permissionless innovation but also rhetorical strategies for making the democratization of technological appear continuous with aspects of status quo systems. Finally, given that technocratic governing mentalities are likely to have practical and material roots, inquiry should be directed toward understanding how different sociotechnical arrangements impact citizens’ perception of the desirability and feasibility of democratizing technology.
Political Parties and Democratic Change in the Western Balkans: When Do External Actors Change Agendas?

Studies that focus on democratic change through elections often neglect the role of political parties in determining the durability and quality of what appear to be democratic breakthroughs in the post-communist region. I argue that political parties are the most important and proximate source of political change, and ask: What factors have shaped party agendas? Do external actors play a leading role in compelling parties to moderate their agendas and secure political rights? I hypothesize that party systems of EU candidate states do follow a predictable evolution over time – and this is caused by participation in the EU’s pre-accession process. Major political parties respond to EU leverage by "adapting" to agendas that are consistent with EU requirements in the run up to negotiations for membership. I look at the Western Balkan cases of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Macedonia. Here the evidence has been mixed as the commitment of major parties to satisfying EU requirements in three of the four cases has wavered or been absent. However, recent developments in Serbia's party system show that the "adapting" mechanism is working there, albeit slowly. The paper concludes with a discussion of how the prospect of EU membership impacts democratic change. This is important because most studies of democratic diffusion, international assistance and foreign aid in the post-Cold war world include EU-eligible countries as important parts of their broader sample.
Felony Murder: A Historical Perspective by Which to Understand Today's Modern Felony Murder Rule Statutes

The law of felony murder varies from state to state and deterrence is often cited as a justification for the doctrine. The doctrine persists because our legal notion of punishment requires proportionality, and proportionality requires grading. Therefore, felony murder draws a higher punishment for a killing that takes place during the commission of an unlawful act.This article examines the development of the felony murder rule in the United States and explores its historic origins and its development in a number of U.S. jurisdictions. Part II of this article provides a history of the felony murder doctrine in England. Part III examines how the doctrine came to the United States and has been utilized in more expansive ways than envisioned in England. The article concludes by comparing a representative sample of modem day American felony murder statutes against the historical felony murder doctrine formulated by the early English commentators.
Abstract 1475: Mutant p53 is a regulator of NADPH-oxidase 4 (Nox4) in TGF-beta-mediated migration of human lung and breast epithelial cells.

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) leads to development of increased cell plasticity that occurs normally during wound healing and embryonic development and can be coopted for cancer invasion and metastasis. TGF-beta induces EMT but the mechanism is unclear. We have previously shown that Nox4, a member of the NADPH oxidase (Nox) family, is a source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) affecting cell migration and fibronectin expression, an EMT marker, in normal and metastatic breast epithelial cells. Recent studies have shown that p53 plays an important role in TGF-beta-mediated signaling and epithelial cell migration. Our current study investigates whether p53 is mechanistically involved in TGF-beta-regulated Nox4 expression and cell migration. Our results indicate that wild-type p53 is a potent suppressor of TGF-beta-induced Nox4 expression, ROS production, and cell migration. In contrast, expression of tumor-associated mutant p53 proteins (R175H or R280K) correlated with enhanced Nox4 expression and cell migration in a TGF-beta dependent manner. Furthermore, knockdown of the endogenous p53 mutant (R280K) in MDA-MB-231 cells by p53-targeted siRNA resulted in decreased Nox4 protein as well as phosphorylated Src and FAK proteins. TGF-beta treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing a dominant-negative form of Nox4 also showed a decrease in phosphorylated Src and FAK proteins, thereby indicating mutant p53 (R280K) and Nox4 are regulators of Src and FAK activity. Collectively, our findings suggest important physiological functions for both wild type and mutant p53 proteins in regulating Nox4-dependent signaling in TGF-beta-mediated cell migration. Citation Format: Howard E. Boudreau, Benjamin W. Casterline, Devin J. Burke, Thomas L. Leto. Mutant p53 is a regulator of NADPH-oxidase 4 (Nox4) in TGF-beta-mediated migration of human lung and breast epithelial cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1475. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1475
The Occurrence and Nature of Red Eye Spots in Cuterebra lepivora (Diptera, Cuterebridae)

There is no reference in the literature to eye color patterns among the Cuterebridae. Yet nine living adults of Cuterebra lepivora Coq. examined, including three male and six female flies, all possessed a conspicuous pair of red spots on each eye (P1. 1, fig. 1). The consistent appearance of eye markings in specimens of this western species of Cuterebra from localities 200 miles apart indicates that the spots are a specific characteristic. Six of the flies were captured in the chaparral-covered foothills north of Alpine Lake, Mann Co., Calif., two were reared from eggs taken from one of these flies, and one was reared from a late-stage larva removed from a Sylvilagus sp. near Fresno, Fresno Co., Calif. C. lepivora previously has been reared from larvae producing warbles in Sylvilagus (Ryckman and Lindt 1954), a host which is abundant in the Alpine Lake area. The domestic rabbit ( Oryctolagus ) was used as laboratory host for the two flies reared from eggs.
Glycoproteins in Myelin and Myelin-Related Membranes

Glycoproteins are well established as cell-surface components and appear to participate in specific cell-cell interactions. Myelin is formed as an extension of the plasma membrane of the oligodendrocyte in the central nervous system (CNS) and the Schwann cell in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that glycoproteins could be present in the myelin membrane and be involved in the formation of the spiraled myelin sheath around the axon. Histochemical studies at the light-microscopic level by Wolman (1957) and Wolman and Hestrin-Lerner (1960) indicated the presence of polysaccharide in myelin. On the basis of early electron-microscopic studies, Robertson (1959) suggested that the intra-period region of peripheral myelin contained polysaccharide or glycoprotein material, possibly derived from the surface of the Schwann cell. Later, Peterson and Pease (1972) developed a specialized embedding technique and stained with silicotungstic acid to provide electron-microscopic evidence for the presence of glycoproteins in the intraperiod line of peripheral myelin, supporting Robertson’s earlier hypothesis. The first direct biochemical demonstration of glycoproteins in purified myelin was provided by Margolis (1967), who showed that N-acetylglucosamine is present in several protein fractions obtained from bovine CNS myelin and that glycosaminoglycans are not present. Nevertheless, the nature of the glycoprotein components in myelin remained poorly defined.
The Manager And His Job Skills

The author surveys 520 managers above the first-line supervisor level and concludes that managerial skills are neither universal nor unique to individual jobs. Neither is there any empirical eviden...
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity and Stress as Predictors of Decision Making

Predicting decision making may be essential for personnel selection. The present study aimed to predict sustained decision making using measures of subjective state and physiological response to a short task battery. Volunteers completed a short battery of decision tasks, followed by a dynamic task simulating business decision making. Subjective stress state and cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) responses to each task suggested that sustained decision making may induce stress and fatigue. Some positive associations were found between CBFV responses to the short battery and long task performance. The right hemisphere CBFV responses taken during the long task correlated highly with long task performance. These findings suggest that hemodynamic response to a verbal task, like the short battery, may provide an effective means for predicting subsequent decision making effectiveness. The findings also suggest that CBFV may access multiple resources required for sustained decision making, localized in left and...
Design and Application of Physiological Signal Data for Generating System

The new idea of design and an example of application about generating physiological signal data were given in this paper.Different bits data such as 8 bits,10 bits,12 bits,which based on wave picture obtained by scanner or software for drawing picture,can be produced automatically and may be send to AT89S51 microchip through serial interface.In addition,the data can be written into memory such as 24CXX,93XX,AT28CXX.Therefore,it was very convenient to produce all kinds physiological signal by digital to analog conversion.
The Painful Interim

Once back at the Homestead in late November, 1864, Dickinson—as we have seen from her letter to her cousin Lou—does not experience a visible recovery. Some of the mystery of Dickinson’s eye ailment may be explained in part by Lyndall Gordon’s contention that the illness that the poet had long experienced was epilepsy rather than consumption, and that some manifestations of the effects of light and brightness on the eyes could be connected with that systemic weakness (Gordon 127–30). Medical science in the 1860s was moving slowly toward understanding the full effects of one diagnosis or another; most of Dickinson’s biographers note that the poet felt that she had disappointed her family by her slow return to health. There is a tone of disappointment in the latter pages of her letter to Lou: she clearly plans a return to Boston: “what it would be to see you and have the doctor’s care—that cannot be told … when I dare I shall ask if I may go, but that will not be now” (LII 439).
A non-destructive assay for radiopharmaceutical capsules

Abstract A non-destructive technique using liquid-scintillation counting has been developed for the assay of diagnostic radiopharmaceutical capsules.
Electrostatic MEMS vibration energy harvester for HVAC applications

This paper reports on an electrostatic MEMS vibration energy harvester with gapclosing interdigitated electrodes, designed for and tested on HVAC air ducts. The device is fabricated on SOI wafers using a custom microfabrication process. A dual-level physical stopper system is implemented in order to control the minimum gap between the electrodes and maximize the power output. It utilizes cantilever beams to absorb a portion of the impact energy as the electrodes approach the impact point, and a film of parylene with nanometer thickness deposited on the electrode sidewalls, which defines the absolute minimum gap and provides electrical insulation. The fabricated device was first tested on a vibration shaker to characterize its resonant behavior. The device exhibits spring hardening behavior due to impacts with the stoppers and spring softening behavior with increasing voltage bias. Testing was carried out on HVAC air duct vibrating with an RMS acceleration of 155 mgRMS and a primary frequency of 60 Hz with a PSD of 7.1510-2 g2/Hz. The peak power measured is 12nW (0.6 nW RMS) with a PSD of 6.910-11 W/Hz at 240 Hz (four times of the primary frequency of 60 Hz), which is the highest output reported for similar vibration conditions and biasing voltages.
Molecular and physiological responses to titanium dioxide and cerium oxide nanoparticles in Arabidopsis

Changes in tissue transcriptomes and productivity of Arabidopsis thaliana were investigated during exposure of plants to 2 widely used engineered metal oxide nanoparticles, titanium dioxide (nano-titania) and cerium dioxide (nano-ceria). Microarray analyses confirmed that exposure to either nanoparticle altered the transcriptomes of rosette leaves and roots, with comparatively larger numbers of differentially expressed genes found under nano-titania exposure. Nano-titania induced more differentially expressed genes in rosette leaves, whereas roots had more differentially expressed genes under nano-ceria exposure. MapMan analyses indicated that although nano-titania up-regulated overall metabolism in both tissues, metabolic processes under nano-ceria remained mostly unchanged. Gene enrichment analysis indicated that both nanoparticles mainly enriched ontology groups such as responses to stress (abiotic and biotic), and defense responses (pathogens), and responses to endogenous stimuli (hormones). Nano-titania specifically induced genes associated with photosynthesis, whereas nano-ceria induced expression of genes related to activating transcription factors, most notably those belonging to the ethylene responsive element binding protein family. Interestingly, there were also increased numbers of rosette leaves and plant biomass under nano-ceria exposure, but not under nano-titania. Other transcriptomic responses did not clearly relate to responses observed at the organism level, possibly because of functional and genomic redundancy in Arabidopsis, which may mask expression of morphological changes, despite discernable responses at the transcriptome level. In addition, transcriptomic changes often relate to transgenerational phenotypic development, and hence it may be productive to direct further experimental work to integrate high-throughput genomic results with longer term changes in subsequent generations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:71-82. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Factors influencing management of breast cancer in the elderly woman.

The increasing incidence of breast cancer is a public health crisis with significant societal ramifications. Whether a woman survives breast cancer is dependent upon the biology of the tumor, the immune defenses of the patient, and the appropriateness of the intervention by the physician. Controversy over the management of breast cancer in elderly women has been generated by four ingrained myths that the authors dispel using data from their own study at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. The results indicate that the majority of elderly women whose breast cancer had been treated appropriately remain free of disease and maintain a good quality of life
Predation and Parasitism

Predator–prey and parasite–host interactions are ubiquitous in ecological communities, and coevolution among species engaged in these interactions may be a potent driver of evolutionary change. This article discusses three major patterns associated with coevolution in these systems: coevolutionary arms races, codiversification, and the attenuation of virulence in parasite–host systems. The premise of each of these coevolutionary outcomes is described using classic case studies. The importance of the connection between coevolution and the population dynamics of predator–prey and host–parasite systems is also discussed, as is the role of coevolution in predator–prey systems at macroevolutionary scales.
Dangerous Predatory Publishers Threaten Medical Research

This article introduces predatory publishers in the context of biomedical sciences research. It describes the characteristics of predatory publishers, including spamming and using fake metrics, and it describes the problems they cause for science and universities. Predatory journals often fail to properly manage peer review, allowing pseudo-science to be published dressed up as authentic science. Academic evaluation is also affected, as some researchers take advantage of the quick, easy, and cheap publishing predatory journals provide. By understanding how predatory publishers operate, researchers can avoid becoming victimized by them.
Synonymy of Harpinoderes cicheroi Martínez & Carcavallo, 1989 with Aradomorpha crassipes Champion, 1899 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae)

Harpinoderes cicheroi Martinez & Carcavallo (Physoderinae) is here synonymyzed with Aradomorpha crassipes Champion (Reduviinae) based on similarity of morphological characters as the short antennae, elongated maxillary plates, wing venation, and hemelytral and connexival coloration.
Continuity of the Reelfoot Fault across the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely Faults of the New Madrid Seismic Zone

Previous investigators have argued that the northwest‐striking Reelfoot fault of northwest Tennessee and southeastern Missouri is segmented. One segment boundary is at the intersection of the northeast‐striking Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely strike‐slip faults with the Reelfoot fault. We use seismic reflection and geologic mapping to locate and determine the history of the Reelfoot South fault across this boundary zone. One reflection profile revealed a southwest‐dipping (81°) Reelfoot South reverse fault that displaces the top of the Paleozoic 65 m, Cretaceous 40 m, Paleocene 31 m, Eocene Wilcox Group 20 m, and Eocene Memphis Sand 16 m. A second reflection profile reveals a north‐dipping (84°) reverse fault 4.3 km south of the Reelfoot South fault, which defines the southwest margin of the Tiptonville dome. A geologic profile of the base of the ∼3.1 Ma Upland complex (Mississippi River terrace alluvium) within the Mississippi River bluffs reveals ∼6 m of displacement across the Reelfoot South fault. Similarly, Quaternary stream terrace distribution suggests ∼6 m of Reelfoot South hanging‐wall (Tiptonville dome) uplift that is probably Holocene. Fault strike trends show the Reelfoot fault and its hanging‐wall Tiptonville dome are not laterally offset across the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely faults. The Reelfoot South fault northwest and southeast of the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely faults has very similar vertical displacement on common stratigraphic marker horizons in the upper 900 m. These data indicate the Reelfoot fault/Tiptonville dome has acted as one continuous fault zone across the Cottonwood Grove and Ridgely faults since Late Cretaceous.
Preaching to a Prokaryotic Choir

At my small liberal arts undergraduate institution, there is only one microbiology course, and it is generally taken by seniors. Here is an image of my Spring 2011 students, and below is the logo that the talented artist Kaitlin Reiss came up for our class T-shirts. One of my frustrations as an educator is how much I would like to tell students about microbiology, and how little time exists in my one course; if it were up to me, there would be a great deal more microbiology in freshman and sophomore biology courses. There is a reason that my students often call me a “microbial supremacist,” I suppose. Guilty as charged!
A decade of oncology drug development: FDA-approved drug trends between 2005 and 2015.

e17788 Background: The FDA has been working to get efficacious and safe drugs quickly out to patients who would benefit from them, creating different categories to speed up the review process. In o...
Case 4—Aggressive Treatment for a Child’s Inoperable Tumor

A 4-year-old boy was diagnosed with an anaplastic Wilms tumor, inoperable because of its massive size and proximity to vital organs. The parents insisted on continued aggressive treatment, despite its high risks, harsh side effects, and limited efficacy. The parents’ religious beliefs—one was a Jehovah’s Witness and the other relied only on non-medical approaches to health care—further complicated treatment decision-making.
Efficacy of transoral incisionless fundoplication for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background Given poor symptomatic response rates and rising awareness of the adverse events associated with the long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), endoscopic modalities for treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have become more prominent. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate feasibility, efficacy, and tolerability of transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) for the treatment of refractory GERD. Methods Searches of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were performed to March 2017. Measured outcomes included immediate technical success rate and serious adverse events. Symptomatic improvement was measured using GERD Health-related Quality of Life (HRQL), Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptom Score (GERSS), and Reflux Symptom Index (RSI). Objective success was determined by hiatal hernia reduction and pH monitoring. Results 32 studies (1475 patients; 48.2 % male) met inclusion criteria. TIF success rate was 99 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 97 to 100; P Conclusions TIF appears to be a safe and effective endoscopic procedure for patients with refractory GERD. Future controlled trials are needed to directly compare efficacy, long-term durability, and safety between TIF and Nissen fundoplication.
Constructing National Security: U.S. Relations with India and China

Preface Introduction: constructing democratic security 1. Securization, identity, and security outcomes Part I. Democracy, Security, and the Relationship between India and the United States: 2. Near miss: the Bangladesh war, India, and the United States in 1971 3. Nuclear games: the United States, India, and the de-securitization of nuclear weapons Part II. The Non-Democratic 'Other': The Sino-American Relationship: 4. Near miss: China and the United States in the 1995-6 Taiwan Strait crisis 5. The 2001 Hainan Island EP-3 incident Conclusion: the social construction of security.
Qualitative physics: past, present, and future

Publisher Summary Qualitative physics is concerned with representing and reasoning about the physical world. The goal of qualitative physics is to capture both the commonsense knowledge of the person on the street and the tacit knowledge underlying the quantitative knowledge used by engineers and scientists. The key to qualitative physics is to find ways to represent continuous properties of the world by discrete systems of symbols. One can always quantize something continuous, but not all quantizations are equally useful. One way to state the idea is the relevance principle: The distinctions made by a quantization must be relevant to the kind of reasoning performed. This chapter describes what qualitative physics is, why one should be doing it, and where it came from. It discusses some open problems in qualitative physics.
Preliminary Safety and Tolerability of a Novel Subcutaneous Intrathecal Catheter System for Repeated Outpatient Dosing of Nusinersen to Children and Adults With Spinal Muscular Atrophy.

Background Many patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) who might benefit from intrathecal antisense oligonucleotide (nusinersen) therapy have scoliosis or spinal fusion that precludes safe drug delivery. To circumvent spinal pathology, we designed a novel subcutaneous intrathecal catheter (SIC) system by connecting an intrathecal catheter to an implantable infusion port. Methods Device safety and tolerability were tested in 10 SMA patients (age, 5.4 to 30.5 y; 80% with 3 copies of SMN2); each received 3 sequential doses of nusinersen (n=30 doses). Pretreatment disease burden was evaluated using the Revised Hammersmith Scale, dynamometry, National Institutes of Health pegboard, pulmonary function testing, electromyography, and 2 health-related quality of life tools. Results Device implantation took ≤2 hours and was well tolerated. All outpatient nusinersen doses were successfully administered via SIC within 20 minutes on the first attempt, and required no regional or systemic analgesia, cognitive distraction, ultrasound guidance, respiratory precautions, or sedation. Cerebrospinal fluid withdrawn from the SIC had normal levels of glucose and protein; cerebrospinal fluid white blood cells were slightly elevated in 2 (22%) of 9 specimens (median, 1 cell/µL; range, 0 to 12 cells/µL) and red blood cells were detected in 7 (78%) specimens (median, 4; range, 0 to 2930 cells/µL). Discussion Preliminary observations reveal the SIC to be relatively safe and well tolerated in SMA patients with advanced disease and spinal fusion. The SIC warrants further study and, if proven effective in larger trials of longer duration, could double the number of patients able to receive nusinersen worldwide while reducing administration costs 5- to 10-fold.
Die Zukunft des Karosseriebaus: maximal flexibel

Kurzfassung Zentrale Hemmnisse fur die Flexibilisierung, Wandlungs- und Integrationsfahigkeit von Karosseriebauanlagen sind die Aufbaulinien und die Bauteillogistik. Inzwischen ist es uns gelungen, das Szenario eines zukunftigen Karosseriebaus, der allen absehbaren Anforderungen gerecht wird, in einem Layout zu beschreiben. Dafur wurden die heutigen Restriktionen und Hemmnisse analysiert, Alternativlosungen ermittelt und zu einem schlussigen Gesamtbild entwickelt: der „Boxenstoppfertigung“. Diese ermoglicht die Unabhangigkeit der Karosseriefertigung von spezifischen Produktanforderungen und gewahrleistet maximale Flexibilitat.
Repair of Untreated Older Patients With Tetralogy of Fallot With Major Aortopulmonary Collaterals.

Background Our programmatic approach to tetralogy of Fallot with major aortopulmonary collaterals emphasizes single-stage unifocalization with complete intracardiac repair during infancy. Little is known about suitability for complete repair in patients beyond infancy. We sought to analyze outcomes of our approach in older patients with previously untreated tetralogy of Fallot with major aortopulmonary collaterals. Methods Any patient with this lesion not treated before 2 years of age referred to our center from 2002 to 2017 met inclusion criteria. Results Of 33 patients, 32 were out-of-state (64% international) referrals, and 33% (n = 11) were older than 9 years, had polycythemia, or at least 1 high pressure collateral (>25 mm Hg). Complete repair was achieved in 94% (n = 31) of patients, 82% (n = 27) in one stage and 12% (n = 4) after unifocalization to a central shunt. The median right ventricular-to-aortic pressure ratio was 0.31 after the operation and 0.37 at follow-up. At a median of 4.8 years after repair, 9 patients (19%) underwent reintervention, including 5 conduit and 7 branch pulmonary artery interventions. Three patients also underwent aortic valve replacement. Conclusions In this selected cohort of older patients with previously unoperated tetralogy of Fallot with major aortopulmonary collaterals, outcomes were comparable with infants undergoing treatment according to our approach. These findings support the notion that patients who are either born in low-resource settings or present to health care providers beyond infancy should be considered candidates and evaluated for complete repair.