cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Gene Expression Profiling of Evening Fatigue in Women Undergoing Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer

Moderate-to-severe fatigue occurs in up to 94% of oncology patients undergoing active treatment. Current interventions for fatigue are not efficacious. A major impediment to the development of effective treatments is a lack of understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underlying fatigue. In the current study, differences in phenotypic characteristics and gene expression profiles were evaluated in a sample of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (CTX) who reported low (n = 19) and high (n = 25) levels of evening fatigue. Compared to the low group, patients in the high evening fatigue group reported lower functional status scores, higher comorbidity scores, and fewer prior cancer treatments. One gene was identified as upregulated and 11 as downregulated in the high evening fatigue group. Gene set analysis found 24 downregulated and 94 simultaneously up- and downregulated pathways between the two fatigue groups. Transcript origin analysis found that differential expression (DE) originated primarily from monocytes and dendritic cell types. Query of public data sources found 18 gene expression experiments with similar DE profiles. Our analyses revealed that inflammation, neurotransmitter regulation, and energy metabolism are likely mechanisms associated with evening fatigue severity; that CTX may contribute to fatigue seen in oncology patients; and that the patterns of gene expression may be shared with other models of fatigue (e.g., physical exercise and pathogen-induced sickness behavior). These results suggest that the mechanisms that underlie fatigue in oncology patients are multifactorial.
Jack Johnson as Bad Nigger: The Folklore of His Life

(1971). Jack Johnson as Bad Nigger: The Folklore of His Life. The Black Scholar: Vol. 2, Black Literature, pp. 34-46.
Library space in the digital age

デジタル技術の進展，インターネットの急速な成長は，図書館が長期にわたり維持してきた学術研究に対する独占力を失わせるという影響をもたらした。すなわち，それらは情報増大をもたらし，利用者が膨大な量の情報にほぼ瞬時に，しかも他の利用者と同時にアクセスできるようにしたのである。したがって，デジタル時代では，図書館の様相が変わる。例えば大学図書館では館内にサービスを支援するデジタル技術関連機器が配置され，従来的な図書館所蔵資料にバーチャル収集資料が加わった。当然従来の図書館空間がその分，別の目的で利用されるようになる。館内に情報広場（インフォメーション・コモンズ），学習スペース，リラクゼーションが設定される傾向にある。また大学学内での図書館とコンピュータセンターや大学出版部との共同も行われる方向であり，図書館スタッフは技術的な技量が要求される。デジタル時代に求められる図書館建築，図書館空間の使い方，図書館サービスなどについて解説し，あるべき姿を提示する。
Uniaxial Deformation of Rubber Cylinders

Abstract Stress, strain and optical birefringence measurements were made on elastomeric cylinders deformed in tension and compression. The birefringence data enables the actual stress to be determined even when the deformation is not homogeneous. In the absence of lubricant, uniaxially loaded rubber cylinders deviate from homogeneous deformation due to bonding of the cylinder ends. The existing analysis to correct the force-deflection curve for the effect of this sticking, strictly valid for infinitesimal strains, is premised on the idea that the deformed cylinder has a parabolic profile. Experimentally, however, it was found that slender rubber cylinders assume a much flatter profile, while maintaining constant volume, when deformed. Nevertheless, the accuracy of the stress-strain curve when the standard correction is applied turns out to be quite good, partially a result of cancellation of two, relatively small, errors. This accuracy was assessed by comparison of force-deflection data from bonded cylind...
Experimental Edema—Further Observations on the Plasma Proteins and Blood Cholesterol.

Since the first report, in 1928,1 of the experimental production of edema in dogs by the method of plasmapheresis, further work has been carried out, the results of which are given in this preliminary report.Edema has been produced in about 40 dogs, often several times in the same dog, whenever the plasma protein level has been maintained at about 3 gm. % or below. Above this level, edema disappeared promptly. There has been essentially no exception among the dogs used.Several factors have been controlled. Cardiac damage has been ruled out by bleeding a series of dogs from the external jugular veins. Starvation alone, or with the daily administration of 1500 cc. of saline by stomach tube, gives rise to no significant change in the concentration of the plasma proteins nor to visible edema. The alkalinity of the modified Locke's solution used as a suspending medium for the erythrocytes injected into the dog plays no important role.The regeneration of the plasma globulin is much more rapid than that of the p...
Commentary on "Application of Exogenously Regulatable Promoter Systems to Transgenic Models for the Study of Aging"

RANSGENIC (and knockout) mouse technology has been an important research tool for many years now. However, the application of this innovative approach in modem molecular biology to the study of aging has lagged far behind. Recent exceptions have been the telomerase knockout mouse, the Alzheimer's mouse model, and the growth hormone overexpressing mouse. The problems associated with any rodent aging study plague work with transgenic animals in aging research. They are related to the maintenance of a pathogen-free, controlled environ­ ment over the duration of an experiment that lasts some three years. Such problems are not encountered in other disciplines. However, there are more serious technical issues in transgenic aging research. In this issue (pp. B30-B40), Morgan and his colleagues in San Antonio highlight these difficulties, and they thor­ oughly discuss some solutions. They correctly couch the issue in terms of expression of the gene at the right time and the right place. This can be achieved using either trans­ genic or knockout methods or a combination of the two. Particular emphasis is placed on the timing of expression after maturation of the animal. Three expression systems are discussed: tetracycline, RU486, and ecdysone inducible systems. Their relative virtues and limitations are pre­ sented. Each of these expression models was first described in tissue culture. The good news is that the first two of these have finally some history in vivo. As the authors point out, each approach has some draw­ backs, both real and potential. For example, induced ex­ pression with the tetracycline system may be difficult in the brain due to problems with penetration of the blood brain barrier by the antibiotic. However, this problem may be overcome with lipophilic inducers. Some data on long term toxicity of the inducers is available, suggesting there may be few difficulties encountered from this direction. Never­ theless, the critical experiments have not yet been done. The lifetime cumulative effects of the drugs have not been studied. The authors, however, provide useful strategies for protocols that limit exposure of the animals. We all now await an aging study utilizing these inducible expression systems. This will be the acid test of this methodology.
Acute Cerebellar Ataxia and Lyme Disease

Child neurologists at Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey, report the case of a 5-year-old girl from the Mediterranean region of Anatolia with a 4-day history of progressive ataxia.
Too much information? An experiment on communication and cooperation

Abstract There are many situations where an informed third-party agent communicates information about the value of a public good or group project to contributors. One example is the information provided by charity ratings organizations. I ask how information about the quality of a public good should be communicated in order to minimize free-riding. I propose that coarse or pooled messages about the quality of the public good can increase contributions and, in turn, social welfare. If individuals cannot distinguish between a public good that they would like to contribute to and a public good that would otherwise suffer from a high degree of free-riding, contributions to the latter may approach the efficient level of provision. Experimental results suggest that, in practice, some participants are averse to giving without having complete information and – as a result – coarse messages may decrease welfare.
Abstract 4641: Bone marrow stromal cells frustrate temozolomide treatment of glioblastoma

Temozolomide (TMZ) is the most widely used for the treatment of glioblastoma. However, despite the effectiveness of TMZ, progression and recurrence are observed in nearly all patients. Here, we report a heretofore unknown mechanism of TMZ chemo-resistance mediated by circulating exosomes. Exosomes are small microvesicles released by cells that efficiently transfer their molecular cargo to other cells, including tumor. We recently found that in response to TMZ treatment, human bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) release exosomes that confer TMZ chemo-resistance upon glioblastoma cells. MSCs produce exosomes which can be found in circulating blood. TMZ is distributed systemically, thus we tested the effect of TMZ upon MSC-produced exosomes, and the profile of miRNAs within the exosomes. In addition, we tested if MSC exosomes altered the response of glioblastoma cells to TMZ. To test our hypotheses, we treated MSCs with TMZ, and performed miRNA PCR arrays upon exosomes produced by the MSCs (tMSC-exo). Furthermore, we exposed glioblastoma cells to tMSC-exo, and measured the effect upon tumor cell viability, and growth in the presence of TMZ. Finally, we collected serum exosomes from patients with glioblastoma upon resection, and after TMZ treatment. We tested if exosomes from these patients before and after TMZ treatment exhibit different chemo-resistive effects, and if TMZ treatment altered the miRNA profile in circulating exosomes. We report that tMSC-exo elicit a protective effect upon glioblastoma cells treated with TMZ. The miRNA profile of MSC exosomes was also significantly altered by TMZ. Like MSC exosomes, TMZ treatment altered the miRNA profile of circulating exosomes in glioblastoma patients, and resulted in increased chemo-resistance conferred by the exosomes upon tumor cells. Investigations of TMZ chemo-resistance have largely focused upon characteristics of the tumor cells the agent is intended to kill. Here, we elucidate a novel mechanism of resistance to TMZ which does not arise from the tumor itself. Our findings suggest that circulating exosomes may diminish the efficacy of TMZ treatment of glioblastoma. Citation Format: Mark Katakowski, Elizabeth Pikula, Steven Kalkanis, Michael Chopp. Bone marrow stromal cells frustrate temozolomide treatment of glioblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4641.
The Influence of Producer–Supplier Exchanges and Environmental Dynamics on NPD

The influence of producer–supplier collaboration on new product development (NPD) performance has increasingly become a popular topic in academe and practice. However, our understanding of what leads to collaboration success remains limited. While it is clear that suppliers are becoming an integral part of the design team (Enkel et al. 2009), research regarding performance benefits is fragmented (Johnsen 2009). Many studies find a positive relationship between supplier integration and performance (Lawson et al. 2009) while others show either no relationship or a negative relationship (Koufteros et al. 2005). Further, while external environmental factors may influence internal strategic decisions, it remains unclear how these antecedents influence producer–supplier relationship factors, such as trust and knowledge sharing, which subsequently influence NPD success (Bstieler 2006). A more nuanced understanding of how producer–supplier collaborations impact NPD performance is necessary.
Nonlinear Ultrasonic Damage Characterization of Limestone

ABSTRACTCharacterization of dolomitic limestone rock samples with increasing levels of damage is presented using a nonlinear ultrasonic approach. Limestone test samples with increasing levels of damage were created artificially by exposing virgin samples to increasing temperature levels of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, and 700°C for a ninety minute period of time. These samples were first characterized using ultrasonic dilatational and shear phase velocity measurements and corresponding attenuations. Then, a nonlinear approach based upon noncollinear wave mixing of two dilatational waves was used. Criteria were used to assure that the detected scattered wave originated via wave interaction in the limestone and not from nonlinearities in the testing equipment. It was observed that both the dilatational velocity and the noncollinear wave mixing approach are able to characterize the level of damage in limestone rock. However, the nonlinear approach is more sensitive to damage accumulation by about two orders...
SoTL Evidence on Promotion and Tenure Vitas at a Research University

The development and adoption of promotion and tenure (P&T) policies supporting scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) activities began in earnest at our large, Midwestern, land-grant university, over fifteen years ago. The purpose of this research was to present the results of a five year project collecting and analyzing the evidence of SoTL on P&T vitas. Every occurrence of SoTL in peer-reviewed publications, presentations, and funded external and internal grants was counted. Of the 343 successful cases, there were 201 to associate professor and 142 to professor. Of these cases, 48% (n=163) had at least one SoTL artifact included on their vitas. These results suggest SoTL is a meaningful form of scholarship performed by faculty, however, there is additional cultural change necessary for greater integration of SoTL in faculty work.
After the Trumpede

On November 9, 2016, the 78th anniversary of Kristallnacht, the bloody pogrom against Jews throughout Nazi Germany, carried out by civilians and paramilitary forces with the government’s tacit appr...
Transport-associated pathway responses in ovine fetal membranes to changes in amniotic fluid dynamics.

Current evidence suggests that amniotic fluid volume (AFV) is actively regulated by vesicular transport of amniotic fluid outward across the amnion and into the underlying fetal vasculature in the placenta. Our objective was to determine whether gene expression profiles of potential stimulators, inhibitors, and mediators of vesicular transport are altered in response to changes in intramembranous absorption (IMA) rate. Samples of ovine amnion and chorion were obtained from fetal sheep with normal, experimentally reduced or increased AFVs and IMA rates. Amnion and chorion levels of target mRNAs were determined by RT-qPCR. In the amnion, caveolin-1 and flotillin-1 mRNA levels were unchanged during alterations in IMA rate. However, levels of both were significantly higher in amnion than in chorion. Tubulin-α mRNA levels in the amnion but not in chorion were reduced when IMA rate decreased, and amnion levels correlated positively with IMA rate (P < 0.05). Dynamin-2 mRNA levels were not altered by experimental conditions. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF164 and VEGF164b) mRNA levels increased during both increases and decreases in IMA rate, whereas soluble Flt-1 levels did not change. Neither HIF-1α nor PBEF mRNA levels in the amnion were correlated with VEGF164 expression levels and were not related to IMA rate. Collectively, our findings suggest that changes in amnion microtubule expression may be important in the regulation of transcellular vesicular transport of amniotic fluid and thus modulate IMA rate. Further, our results are consistent with the concept that the amnion is the rate-limiting layer for amniotic fluid transport.
Utility of Intracranial Pressure Monitoring for Diagnosis of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension in the Absence of Papilledema.

Background Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by headaches, visual obscurations, and papilledema, and the diagnosis involves lumbar puncture (LP) with an elevated opening pressure (OP) ≥20 cm H20. When papilledema is absent, the diagnosis becomes less clear. Some physicians have argued that the absence of papilledema rules out IIH, whereas others maintain that elevated OP is sufficient for diagnosis. Methods The authors performed a single-institution 4-year retrospective analysis of patients who underwent invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring for presumed IIH. Results A total of 22 patients were reviewed, and 13 had classic symptoms of IIH, documented elevated OP, and absence of papilledema; 5/13 (38%) patients had proven intracranial hypertension as shown by invasive ICP monitoring, whereas 8/13 (62%) had normal ICP. Conclusions With the use of current diagnostic algorithms of clinical presentation and elevated OP, over half of patients without papilledema in our series would be falsely diagnosed with IIH, which could result in unnecessary medical and surgical intervention. Thus, elevated OP as determined by LP is insufficient to diagnose IIH. On the other hand, the absence of papilledema does not rule out intracranial hypertension.
SHOCK INITIATION OF SOME AQUEOUS HMX MIXTURES

The distance to detonation, Xd, was measured in 2-D shock loading of HMX/water (~60 volume%) samples. The slope in the 1/Xd-pressure plane was found to change drastically as the mean HMX particle size (d) decreased from 0.255 to 0.138 mm. Correlating with literature data shows that above 50 kbar the shock pressure (Pi) increases mildly, starting with 1.1 mm size particles, until a particle size of ~0.4 mm is reached. Pi then decreases as d decreases to ~0.06 mm.
Variants of acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate mimicking benign conditions

Histological variants of acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate may be of significance due to difficulty in diagnosis or due to differences in prognosis compared to usual acinar adenocarcinoma. The 2016 World Health Organization classification of acinar adenocarcinoma includes four variants that are deceptively benign in histological appearance, such that a misdiagnosis of a benign condition may be made. These four variants are atrophic pattern adenocarcinoma, pseudohyperplastic adenocarcinoma, microcystic adenocarcinoma, and foamy gland adenocarcinoma. They differ from usual small acinar adenocarcinoma in architectural glandular structure and/or cytoplasmic and nuclear alterations. The variants are often admixed, in variable proportions, with usual small acinar adenocarcinoma that is often Gleason pattern 3 but may be high-grade pattern 4 in a minority of cases. Atrophic pattern adenocarcinoma can be identified in a sporadic setting or after radiation or hormonal therapy. This variant is characterized by cytoplasmic volume loss and can resemble benign glandular atrophy, an extremely common benign process in the prostate. The glands of pseudohyperplastic adenocarcinoma simulate usual epithelial hyperplasia, with gland complexity that is not typical of small acinar adenocarcinoma. These complex growth configurations include papillary infoldings, luminal undulations, and branching. Microcystic adenocarcinoma is characterized by cystic dilation of prostatic glands to a size that is much more commonly observed in cystic change in benign prostatic glands. Finally, the cells in foamy gland adenocarcinoma display cytoplasmic vacuolization and nuclear pyknosis, features that can found in benign glands and macrophages. Three of the four variants (atrophic, pseudohyperplastic, and microcystic) are assigned low-grade Gleason pattern 3. Of significance, foamy gland adenocarcinoma can be Gleason pattern 3 but can also be high-grade pattern 4 or 5. Diagnostic awareness of the existence of these deceptively benign-appearing variants of acinar adenocarcinoma is essential so that an accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer may be rendered.
The effect of enriched environment across ages: A study of anhedonia and BDNF gene induction

Enriched environment treatment (EET) is a potential intervention for depression by inducing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). However, its age dependency remains unclear. We recently found that EET during early-life development (ED) was effective in increasing exploratory activity and anti-despair behavior, particularly in promoter IV-driven BDNF deficient mice (KIV), with the largest BDNF protein induction in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Here, we further determined age dependency of EET effects on anhedonia and promoter-specific BDNF transcription, by using the sucrose preference test and qRT-PCR. Wild-type (WT) and KIV mice received 2 months of EET during ED, young-adulthood and old-adulthood (0-2, 2-4 and 12-14 months, respectively). All KIV groups showed reduced sucrose preference, which EET equally reversed regardless of age. EET increased hippocampal BDNF mRNA levels for all ages and genotypes, but increased frontal cortex BDNF mRNA levels only in ED KIV and old WT mice. Transcription by promoters I and IV was age-dependent in the hippocampus of WT mice: more effective induction of exon IV or I during ED or old-adulthood, respectively. Transcription by almost all 9 promoters was age-specific in the frontal cortex, mostly observed in ED KIV mice. After discontinuance of EET, the EET effects on anti-anhedonia and BDNF transcription in both regions persisted only in ED KIV mice. These results suggested that EET was equally effective in reversing anhedonia and inducing hippocampal BDNF transcription, but was more effective during ED in inducing frontal cortex BDNF transcription and for lasting anti-anhedonic and BDNF effects particularly in promoter IV-BDNF deficiency.
Analytic Issues for Clinical Use of C-Reactive Protein

The serum concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) has historically been used to detect active infection and inflammation. Recent evidence has demonstrated that slight increases in CRP concentration, within the normal range, can predict future vascular events, thus reflecting the inflammatory component of atherosclerosis. It was necessary to develop new high-sensitivity methods for this clinical application, and to establish cut points for risk assessment of cardiovascular risk. To avoid misclassification of individuals into inappropriate categories of risk, clinicians and investigators must have an understanding of preanalytic and analytic sources of errors in CRP measurement. This chapter addresses issues that contribute to the reliability of CRP evaluation such as physiological variability, appropriate sample handling, and method standardizations.
Unknowable Remedies: Albino v. Baca , The PLRA Exhaustion Requirement, and the Problem of Notice

On April 3, 2014, in Albino v. Baca, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that when a prisoner plaintiff has not been informed of a prison administrative remedy, that remedy is effectively unavailable to the prisoner for the purposes of the exhaustion requirement of the Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA). This decision conflicts with what a majority of other circuits have established and widens the gap between those circuits on this issue. This Comment argues for the U.S. Supreme Court to resolve this circuit split in a future case and hold that to fail to give a prisoner notice of an administrative remedy is to make that remedy effectively unavailable.
Timely Antiviral Administration During an Influenza Pandemic: Key Components

Prompt treatment of ill persons with influenza antivirals will be an important part of a future pandemic influenza response. This essay reviews key lessons learned from the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and the changing landscape of antiviral drug availability, and identifies and describes the multiple components needed to ensure the timely administration of antiviral drugs during a future pandemic. Fortunately, many of these planning efforts can take place before a pandemic strikes to improve outcomes during a future public health emergency.
Mitigating the effects of boom occlusion on automated aerial refueling through shadow volumes

In-flight refueling of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is critical to the United States Air Force (USAF). However, the large communication latency between a ground-based operator and his/her remote...
Brain structure in childhood maltreatment-related PTSD across the lifespan: a systematic review

Numerous deleterious outcomes are associated with child maltreatment, and PTSD secondary to maltreatment is one of the most commonly cited diagnoses that may follow individuals throughout their lives. Recent neuroimaging research has observed significant structural abnormalities in individuals with maltreatment-related PTSD (m-PTSD) compared to maltreated individuals without PTSD and healthy controls. Therefore, the aims of this systematic review were to summarize the literature on brain structure in m-PTSD, identify methodological challenges and limitations, and provide directions for future research. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed to conduct a systematic search across three databases, and 18 studies were identified for inclusion, including 10 pediatric, 1 adolescent, and 7 adult studies. Across the studies, 19 primary brain structures were examined; 15 of the 18 studies identified a significant association between brain structure and m-PTSD. Although studies varied in the structures investigated, the most notable differences appeared in the corpus callosum, total cerebral volume, cerebellum, hippocampus, and amygdala, which appeared significantly smaller in m-PTSD participants. Future research concerning this topic may contribute to the understanding of this association by using longitudinal designs, controlling for psychiatric comorbidities and maltreatment severity, and ensuring that studies are adequately powered.
Formation and stabilization of elemental sulfur through organomineralization

Abstract Elemental sulfur (S(0)) is an important intermediate in the biogeochemical cycle of sulfur that is formed by chemical or biological oxidation of more reduced sulfur species. Given the restricted geochemical conditions under which S(0) should persist, the mechanisms whereby S(0) can be stabilized in the environment are not fully understood. Here we identify a process called “S(0) organomineralization”, by which S(0) minerals are produced and stabilized following the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide in the presence of numerous types of dissolved organics, including simple sugars and amino acids. The S(0) particles formed through this mechanism are closely associated with organics, which often form an envelope around the mineral. The organic envelopes are formed by self-assembly of the dissolved organic molecules in the presence of hydrogen sulfide and oxygen, and play in a role in the stabilization of S(0). Organic compound sulfurization probably plays an important role in the self-assembly mechanism, by causing the polymerization of relatively small dissolved organic molecules into solid, macromolecular, polymeric organics. The organomineralized S(0) particles present unique and complex morphologies, which are controlled by the type of dissolved organic compound present in the experimental media. Depending on the organics present, organomineralized S(0) can exist as different combinations of several crystal structures, including the non-thermodynamically stable β- and γ-S8 allotropes, which are most likely stabilized by their close association with the organic phase. We propose that complex particle morphology combined with the presence of metastable S(0) allotropes could be used as a signature of S(0) organomineralization in natural settings. S(0) organomineralization was obtained in the laboratory under a wide range of experimental conditions that span across geochemical conditions which can be encountered in many sulfidic environments. It is possible that the reaction between reduced sulfur species and organics may significantly affect the production and preservation of S(0) in numerous natural systems.
Abstract 019: Changes in Gut Microbial Metabolites and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in US Women: the Nurses’ Health Study

Introduction: Circulating levels of gut microbial metabolites, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and its nutrient precursors of choline and L-carnitine, have been suggested as risk factors for coronary...
ExMS2: An Integrated Solution for Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry Data Analysis.

Hydrogen–deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX MS) has become an important technique for the analysis of protein structure and dynamics. Data analysis remains a bottleneck in the workflow. Soph...
Role of cervical spine MRI in the setting of negative cervical spine CT in blunt trauma: Critical additional information in the setting of clinical findings suggestive of occult injury.

Abstract Background and purpose Cervical spine injury is common in the setting of blunt trauma and there is consensus that cervical spine CT (CSCT) is the image modality of choice for initial evaluation for blunt trauma related injuries of the cervical spine. However, there is disagreement in the literature with regards to further evaluation of blunt trauma patients with cervical spine MRI (CSMRI) after negative CSCT when there is persistent clinical concern for occult trauma related injury. The purpose of this study is to examine the utility of CSMRI for detection of occult injury in blunt trauma patients after negative CSCT. Materials and methods We reviewed records for 7,301 patients admitted for blunt trauma (November 2007–December 2013) and identified 259 who underwent CSMRI after a negative CSCT. These CSMRIs were reviewed to determine the number and type of significant CT occult injuries identified and clinical indications that led to CSMRI acquisition. Results and conclusions CSMRI detected significant injuries following negative CSCT in 31% (81/259) of patients. There were 15 cord contusions/infarcts, 9 bone contusions/fractures, 7 spinal canal hemorrhages and 66 soft tissue injuries. Upper extremity neurological deficit had greatest positive predictive value (PPV) for detection of CT-occult injury on CSMRI of 43% (23/53), followed by equivocal CSCT findings (38%, 18/47), presence of extra-cervical injuries (34%, 20/58), midline cervical tenderness (20%, 17/85), and isolated lower extremity neurological deficit (0%, 0/16). CSMRI is recommended following negative CSCT in the evaluation of blunt cervical spine trauma when appropriate clinical concerns are present.
Visiting the Granite State Again

Donald Trump’s 2016 candidacy was predicated on decades of image crafting and management as well as prior flirtations with running for president. To understand how Trump won the 2016 election it is first necessary to understand how he used his celebrity—as a business figure, as the subject of tabloid gossip, and as a television host—to shape his political activities and build an image and a following that went largely unnoticed by most political observers.
The Curli Accessory Protein CsgF Influences the Aggregation of Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide

Abstract Gram-negative bacteria, such as E. coli and Salmonella, contain proteinaceous, hair-like, cell surface filaments known as curli. Curli serve to facilitate cell-cell interactions and are essential for host cell colonization. Curli assembly involves six proteins, CsgA, CsgB, CsgC, CsgE, CsgF, and CsgG. CsgE and CsgF are thought to act as chaperones to help prevent the premature aggregation of CsgA and/or CsgB, and to help transport these proteins, through the outer-membrane protein CsgG, to the cell surface where they assemble to form Curli. It has been observed that CsgF is able to inhibit the aggregation of CsgA, the major protein component of Curli. This article describes CsgF’s ability to influence the aggregation of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), an amyloidogenic polypeptide that is unrelated to Curli. In the presence of CsgF no increase in Thioflavin T fluorescence was observed for freshly solubilized hIAPP monitored as a function of time, suggesting that CsgF prevents the aggregation of hIAPP during the time period of observation. An analog of CsgF lacking the N-terminal unstructured region retained the ability to inhibit the aggregation of hIAPP. The nature of the CsgF-hIAPP interaction was probed via fluorescence quenching using a series of single cysteine mutants of CsgF labeled via the individual cysteine side chains with the fluorophore IAEDANS. In the presence of hIAPP, but not in the presence of the non-amyloidogenic rat islet amyloid polypeptide, the fluorophore attached to position of 23 of CsgF was found to be less exposed the quencher acrylamide suggesting that the interaction of hIAPP changes the solvent exposure of the N-terminus of CsgF. Taken together these data suggest that the structured region of CsgF, between residues 66 and 128, is involved in the protein’s interaction with hIAPP and that upon interaction structural changes make the N-terminus less solvent exposed.
A summary page layout on topics of HTML and CSS

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) are two foundations for the Webpage Development course that is one of required courses in the Information Technology major at our college. This assignment designs a page layout framework to display major topics covered in HTML and CSS. The topics are included in a sequence of homework assignments starting from learning about standard HTML document structure to configuring cascading style sheets. The learning objectives of this assignment include (1) designing a page layout with a navigation bar, (2) summarizing the skills learned in HTML and CSS, and (3) polishing previous HTML and CSS assignments.
Abstract 262: The Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Heart Failure Readmission in a Veteran Population: A Single Center Study

Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) affects more than 5 million Americans and accounts for approximately 1 million hospitalizations annually. Readmission in CHF patients is associated with high...
Ultra High Density SoIC with Sub-micron Bond Pitch

An ultrahigh density 3D technology, SoIC_UHD, with sub-micron pitch inter-chip vertical interconnect enabling a density ≥ 1.2 million bonds/mm2 is reported for the first time. Proven yield and reliability of SoIC_UHD are demonstrated with a foundry front-end wafer level 3D heterogeneous system integration (WLSI) platform. SoC deep partitioning into mini chiplets with SoIC_UHD can extend Moore's Law for longer term than that achieved by conventional 3DIC stacking with micro-bumps. Microsystem scaling, which is complementary to transistor scaling, can continue to improve transistor density, system PPA, and cost competitiveness.
Return to Driving Is a Better Predictor of Patient Outcome Than Return to Work After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Objective Return to work and driving are major rehabilitation goals for patients after an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Our goal is to identify factors that may predict return to work or driving after aSAH. Methods Medical records of patients with aSAH were retrospectively reviewed from 2010 to 2018. Information on return to work and driving were prospectively collected. Univariate analyses were performed to assess the association between return to work or driving with patient characteristics, social factors, and admission clinical and radiographic severity. Multivariate regression models were used to evaluate return to work and driving and generate predictive models. Results A total of 193 patients were included, of whom 32% (62/193) resumed work and 57% (110/193) returned to driving. Median follow-up time was 3.4 years (interquartile range, 0.7–7.5 years). Return to work was associated with younger age (odds ratio [OR], 0.89; 95% CI, 0.85–0.94), lower Hunt and Hess grade (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.23–0.54), and lack of seizures (OR, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.02–0.47). Return to driving was associated with younger age (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.91–0.98), lower Hunt and Hess grade (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.23–0.56), married status (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.2–9.4), current or former smoking (OR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.5–10.1), lack of recreational drug use (OR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01–0.77), and lack of seizures (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.08–0.96). Admission risk factors were predictive of return to driving and return to work in the final multivariate models generated (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 88% vs. 89%, respectively). Conclusions Because work may be highly dependent on complex individual and social factors, driving is a simple and more accurate assessment for an individual’s status after aSAH.
A System of Fiduciary Protections for Mutual Funds

The regulation of mutual funds in the United States arguably contains the world’s most extensive system of fiduciary protection, buttressed by elaborate liability rules and a host of procedural protections and mandatory disclosure requirements designed to facilitate investor protection and choice. The intensity of this regulatory structure is a subject of perennial debate, as public officials and policy analysts attempt to balance the cost of compliance and oversight against benefits to investors. Over time, government officials have made numerous supervisory accommodations to ameliorate the system’s costs and facilitate industry innovations. But, the burdens of this enhanced system of fiduciary protections for mutual funds remain significant and have encouraged industry participants to evade these legal requirements in a number of ways, such as the creation of alternative vehicles for collective investments (including insurance products and managed accounts of various sorts) and the imbedding of regulated mutual funds into other legal structures that escape the full application of the enhanced systemic of fiduciary protections for mutual funds. Technological innovations, such as robo-advising, are likely to accelerate this trend. In this chapter, I explore this important illustration of regulatory arbitrage and suggest areas where aspects of mutual fund regulation might appropriately be extended to functionally similar investment vehicles.
Iron-mediated degradation of ribosomes under oxidative stress is attenuated by manganese

Protein biosynthesis is fundamental to cellular life and requires the efficient functioning of the translational machinery. At the center of this machinery is the ribosome, a ribonucleoprotein complex that depends heavily on Mg2+ for structure. Recent work has indicated that other metal cations can substitute for Mg2+, raising questions about the role different metals may play in the maintenance of the ribosome under oxidative stress conditions. Here, we assess ribosomal integrity following oxidative stress both in vitro and in cells to elucidate details of the interactions between Fe2+ and the ribosome and identify Mn2+ as a factor capable of attenuating oxidant-induced Fe2+-mediated degradation of rRNA. We report that Fe2+ promotes degradation of all rRNA species of the yeast ribosome and that it is bound directly to RNA molecules. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Mn2+ competes with Fe2+ for rRNA-binding sites and that protection of ribosomes from Fe2+-mediated rRNA hydrolysis correlates with the restoration of cell viability. Our data, therefore, suggest a relationship between these two transition metals in controlling ribosome stability under oxidative stress.
The Pedagogy of Performing Learning and Teaching to Increase Students' Success in the African Diaspora and the World Class and Beyond

Fred Newman “Performing the World” and his theory and practice of the “performative” are particularly useful in that students’ learning increases significantly more when students “perform” learning and both professors and students “perform” teaching. In addition, Paulo Freire’s revolutionary teaching pedagogy, the problem-posing and problem-solving methods of education, which he opposes to the banking system of education, and in particular the concept of conscientizacao, are also very helpful to increase students’ awareness of how they learn and how they know that they know what they know. Moreover, James Baldwin’s famous plea in “A Talk to Teachers” by which he calls for the necessity to be truthful in letting students know that the environment they are accustomed to is no accident, is also useful to heighten students’ awareness that there is a direct connection between living and learning and between “performing” and living, learning, and teaching. The paper seeks to examine how these theories, which are rooted in performing the acts of living, learning, and teaching, become strategies for success in the classroom and beyond.
Closing time: Reputational constraints on capital account policy in emerging markets

Do international reputational concerns constrain governments’ economic policy choices? We assess this question by analyzing emerging market decisions to tighten restrictions on capital outflows. While policymakers should be more likely to tighten restrictions to protect their economies as capital flow volatility (CFV) increases, investors view outflow controls as heterodox policies that violate investment contracts. We argue that the effect of CFV on outflow controls depends on the use of controls in peer markets. When peers are open, governments anticipate that controls will come at a high cost to their market reputations as heterodox measures send a negative signal to investors among a crowd of liberal peers. Conversely, when peers are closed, using controls should do less damage to an economy’s reputation. For 25 emerging markets from 1995–2015, we show that CFV is associated with outflow controls, but only when market peers are already closed, suggesting reputational concerns can limit policy autonomy.
Identification of a common polymorphism in COQ8B acting as a modifier of thoracic aortic aneurysm severity

Summary Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) predisposes to sudden, life-threatening aortic dissection. The factors that regulate interindividual variability in TAA severity are not well understood. Identifying a molecular basis for this variability has the potential to improve clinical risk stratification and advance mechanistic insight. We previously identified COQ8B, a gene important for biosynthesis of coenzyme Q, as a candidate genetic modifier of TAA severity. Here, we investigated the physiological role of COQ8B in human aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and further tested its genetic association with TAA severity. We find COQ8B protein localizes to mitochondria in SMCs, and loss of mitochondrial COQ8B leads to increased oxidative stress, decreased mitochondrial respiration, and altered expression of SMC contractile genes. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial cristae defects were prevalent in the medial layer of human proximal aortic tissues in individuals with TAA, and COQ8B expression was decreased in TAA SMCs compared with controls. A common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3865452 in COQ8B (c.521A>G [p.His174Arg]) was associated with decreased rate of aortic root dilation in young individuals with TAA. In addition, the SNP was less frequent in a second cohort of early-onset thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) cases compared with controls. COQ8B protein levels in aortic SMCs were increased in TAA individuals homozygous for rs3865452 compared with those homozygous for the reference allele. Thus, COQ8B is important for aortic SMC metabolism, which is dysregulated in TAA, and rs3865452 may decrease TAA severity by increasing the COQ8B level. Genotyping rs3865452 may be useful for clinical risk stratification and tailored aortopathy management.
Post traumatic internal iliac arteriovenous fistula presenting with persistent gross hematuria

Abstract Traumatic pelvic arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are exceedingly rare and can lead to significant morbidity. Herein, we describe the case of a 31 year-old male who presented with two months of recurrent gross hematuria following a gluteal gun-shot wound and was found to have a right internal iliac AVF. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a post traumatic pelvic AVF presenting with gross hematuria.
Nitric oxide and peripheral adrenergic neuromodulation.

Publisher Summary Researches indicate that in resistance vessels nitric oxide (NO) attenuates adrenergic responses by a postjunctional action, but not by decreasing norepinephrine (NE) release. In the heart NO does not modulate the chronotropic response to adrenergic nerve stimulation, but does enhance NE overflow in association with coronary vasodilation and ischemia/reperfusion. By directly testing the effects of NO in a reductionist system such as cardiac synaptosomes, where no local reflex mechanisms come into play, a potent concentration-dependent biphasic effect of NO on adrenergic nerve endings is uncovered. Thus, findings on cardiac synaptosomes may help to explain the discrepancies in the literature on the modulatory effects of NO on adrenergic nerve function. NO could have both inhibitory and facilitatory prejunctional effects on vascular sympathetic neurotransmission. As considerable disagreement still exists as to whether NO facilitates or inhibits sympathetic neurotransmission and whether NO acts pre- or postjunctionally, the role of NO is examined by studying its effects on endogenous norepinephrine (NE) release in a prototypic peripheral resistance bed, in the whole heart, and in sympathetic nerve endings isolated from the heart (i.e., cardiac synaptosomes). These studies indicate that in resistance districts, NO modulates adrenergic responses, but not NE release.
Exploratory analysis of the relationship between home health agency engagement in a national campaign and reduction in acute care hospitalization in US home care patients

Rationale, aims and objectives To determine whether US home health agencies that intensively engaged with the 2010 Home Health Quality Improvement National Campaign were more likely to reduce acute care hospitalization (ACH) rates than less engaged agencies. Method We included all Medicare-certified agencies that accessed Campaign resources in the first month of the Campaign and also responded to an online survey of resource utilization at month two. We used the survey data and item response theory to estimate a latent construct we called engagement with the campaign. ACH rates were calculated from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Outcome and Assessment Information Set for pre- and post-intervention periods (March–November 2009 and 2010, respectively). Results Staff from 1077 agencies accessed resources in the first month of the Campaign. Of these, 382 provided information about resource use and had 10 or more monthly discharges throughout the measurement periods. Dividing these agencies into quartiles based on engagement score, we found an association between engagement and reduction in ACH rates, P = 0.049 (χ2 for trend). Exploratory path analysis revealed the effect of engagement score on reduction in ACH rate to be partially mediated through reduction in average length of service rates. Conclusion We found evidence that early intensity of engagement with the Campaign, as measured through use of activities and resources, was positively associated with improvement. To continue the investigation of this relationship, future work in this and other campaigns should focus on further development of engagement measures.