cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Search for the Dirac Monopole with 30-BeV Protons

A search was made at the Brookhaven alternating gradient synchrotron for magnetic monopoles produced either in collisions of 30-BeV protons with light nuclei, or produced by $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays secondary to these protons in the Coulomb field of protons or of carbon nuclei. In runs using 5.7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{15}$ circulating protons, no monopolelike event was found. This implies an upper limit for production in proton-nucleon interactions of about 2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}40}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$. Experimental limits are also derived for the photoproduction of pole pairs.
Nuclear Quadrupole Interactions in Beryllium Oxide

The importance of the contribution from higher multipole moments of oxygen ions to the electric field gradient at nuclei in a wurtzite-type ionic oxide, namely, beryllium oxide, is considered and, in particular, oxygen dipole moments are found to contribute significantly to the field gradient at beryllium ion sites. The dipolar polarizability of an oxygen ion bound in a beryllium oxide lattice is analyzed and a value of 2.19 \AA{}${\mathrm{A}}^{3}$ is obtained. Using 7.0 \AA{}${\mathrm{A}}^{5}$ for the quadrupolar polarizability of the same ion and considering the slight uncertainty associated with the sublattice displacement parameter $u$, the experimental quadrupole coupling constant for the ${\mathrm{Be}}^{9}$ nuclei, \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}41\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4 kc/sec, can be explained. The quadrupole coupling constant for ${\mathrm{O}}^{17}$ nuclei is also investigated and presented as a function of $u$. In this case, oxygen dipole moments do not contribute because of lattice symmetry; oxygen quadrupole moments do contribute, however.
Effects of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist on serum luteinizing hormone concentrations in female white-tailed deer

Abstract As part of a study to develop contraceptive technologies for white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ), the potential for a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, Histrelin (HIS), to inhibit luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in does was investigated. Three experiments were conducted during the breeding season to determine the effects of dose, route, and pattern of administration of HIS on serum LH concentrations. The first experiment included six treatments, each given as an i.v. injection: 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg HIS, 10 μg GnRH, and saline (control); the second experiment included four treatments, as s.c. injection: 10, 50, and 100 μg HIS, and saline. Maximum LH concentrations occurred by 240 min after injection in both experiments. At 360 min post-injection, serum LH concentrations were still elevated in the 10 and 100 μg i.v. HIS and the 50 and 100 μg s.c. HIS groups ( P −1 (200 μg HIS per day) were administered s.c. continuously for 14 days to four does; controls received continuous saline infusions ( n = 3). On Day 1 (Day 0 is day of minipump insertion), the HIS group had a higher mean serum LH concentration than controls (16.0 ± 5.3 vs. 0.9 ± 0.4 ng/ml, respectively; P = 0.06). By Day 2 mean LH concentrations did not differ between the groups and remained at base line for the duration of infusion. On Day 10 both groups received a s.c. injection of 100 μg HIS. At 240 min the mean serum LH concentration for controls was 17.8 ± 3.3 ng/ml and was still elevated at 600 min. In contrast, serum LH concentrations in the HIS group remained at base line (0.5 ± 0 ng/ml). The data indicate that HIS, a GnRH agonist, acts as an LH secretagogue in white-tailed deer, as evidenced by the increase in serum LH concentrations following a single injection of HIS. Furthermore, continuous s.c. administration of HIS during the breeding season inhibits LH secretion in does, and could be a useful tool for preventing ovulation, thereby preventing pregnancy of deer.
Stabilization of tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) reaction product at the electron microscopic level by ammonium molybdate

The ability to use the tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) method for studying neuronal connections at the electron microscopic level is often difficult because the conditions of osmification and dehydration used in processing the tissue may result in significant loss and/or decreased electron density of the reaction product. In the present study, we report that stabilization of TMB reaction product with 5% ammonium molybdate (AM) prior to osmificating the tissue results in the formation of TMB-AM crystals that are many times more electron dense and resistant to ethanol extraction than non-stabilized TMB crystals. The nature of the chemical interaction that underlies the stabilization of TMB by AM is uncertain, but it may involve the formation of an insoluble salt between molybdic ions and the TMB polymer. The use of this simple procedure increases the sensitivity of the TMB procedure at the electron microscopic level and may be used to label neuronal pathways in the peripheral and central nervous systems with equal success.
Appendix to the sulfur-cyanolysis sites of serum albumin: Metabolite competition studies. Tight-binding inhibitions that yield atypical henderson plots

Ordinary tight-binding inhibition in steady-state enzyme systems is conveniently evaluated by means of the Henderson plot. This is a linear plotting form that has an ordinate intercept equal to the total enzyme concentration. However, there are two experimental situations that yield deviations from the common Henderson plot form. These are inhibitor binding in a separate, noninhibitory mode that depletes the concentration of free inhibitor, and partial inhibition, i.e., the retention of partial activity by the enzyme-inhibitor complex. Noninhibitory depletion results in Henderson plots with elevated ordinate intercepts. Competitive partial inhibition yields a characteristic pattern of parabolic Henderson plots.
Observation of externally controlled mode coupling in optical waveguides

Externally controlled mode coupling was observed in a 0.7-km optical waveguide fiber resulting in a significant pulse narrowing. The method of mode coupling generation requires that care be exercised in any mode coupling measurement. Observations on a 3-km waveguide failed to show evidence of mode coupling, allowing the possibility of practical external control.
Molecular evidence for nitric oxide-mediated motor neuron development

Abstract The complex morphological, electrophysiological and molecular properties of the adult vertebrate nervous system emerge over an extended period in prenatal and early postnatal life. Numerous studies have shown that synaptic activity plays a key role in the postnatal acquisition of mature neuronal phenotype. 5,23 The cellular and molecular mechanisms subserving activity-dependent development are largely unknown. Several lines of evidence suggest that a rise in intracellular Ca 2+ as a consequence of synaptic activity may regulate neuronal differentiation through its interactions with calcium-activated signal transduction molecules such as calcium/calmodulin kinase type II, protein kinase C or nitric oxide synthase (NOS). 4,7,18,19 The aim of the present study is to identify potential signal transduction events subserving postnatal motor neuron development. Here we show that NOS antagonists block the molecular maturation of motor neurons and this effect is likely to be mediated by a subpopulation of ventral horn cells that express NOS transiently during early postnatal life. These results suggest that the local production of nitric oxide within the ventral horn may contribute to a late phase in motor neuron differentiation.
The effect of pressure on fatigue

Equipment and procedures have been developed and tested for making reversed bending fatigue tests under hydrostatic pressures. Fatigue studies are reported here for Fe, Al, and Ni wires subjected to oscillating strains while immersed in hydrostatic pressures up to seven kilobars.
A matched solution for corner flow of the upper convected Maxwell fluid

Abstract A recent paper by Hinch (J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 50 (1993) 161) has examined similarity solutions near a re-entrant corner for the UCM fluid. Hinch obtains a stress behavior like r − 2 3 , but a stream function which behaves like θ 7 3 near the wall. He concludes that no similarity solutions with the expected behavior of θ2 exist. In this note, we remedy this defect by using a different behavior of the stream function near the wall. A matched asymptotic solution is constructed where the Hinch solution is the outer solution. The inner solution is governed by a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations. By numerical integration, we find a solution at the upstream wall which matches up to the Hinch solution. At leading order, this matched solution satisfies the equations of motion in both the core and wall region. The solution near the downstream wall is left as a future problem.
Covering Women's Greatest Health Fear: Breast Cancer Information in Consumer Magazines

Women identify consumer magazines as a key source of information on many health topics, including breast cancer, which continues to rank as women's greatest personal health fear. This study examined the comprehensiveness and accuracy of breast cancer information provided in 555 articles published in 17 consumer magazines from 2002 through 2007. Accuracy of information was determined for 33 key breast cancer facts identified by an expert panel as important information for women to know. The results show that only 7 of 33 key facts were mentioned in at least 5% of the articles. These facts all dealt with breast cancer risk factors, screening, and detection; none of the key facts related to treatment or outcomes appeared in at least 5% of the articles. Other topics (not key facts) mentioned centered around controllable risk factors, support for breast cancer patients, and chemotherapy treatment. The majority of mentions of key facts were coded as fully accurate, although as much as 44% of mentions of some topics (the link between hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer) were coded as inaccurate or only partially accurate. The magazines were most likely to emphasize family history of breast cancer or genetic characteristics as risk factors for breast cancers; family history was twice as likely to be discussed as increasing age, which is in fact the most important risk factor for breast cancer other than being female. Magazine coverage may contribute to women's inaccurate perceptions of their breast cancer risk.
Congenital and Acquired Pulmonary Vein Stenosis

Pulmonary vein stenosis is a fascinating yet frustrating and difficult to manage condition with an exceptionally high mortality rate. Until recently, the disease was seen almost exclusively in young children with or without various forms of congenital heart disease. Pulmonary vein stenosis is a relatively rare condition. In most published series from large centers, there has been an average of ≈2 or 3 cases per year that require treatment. Pulmonary vein stenosis in the adult population is even more rare, and the small number of reported cases has often been associated with mediastinal processes such as neoplasms or fibrosing mediastinitis. However, with the advent of aggressive treatment strategies for atrial fibrillation, we have seen a new group of pulmonary vein stenosis patients. The stenosis appears as a complication of radiofrequency ablation procedures around the pulmonary veins. Small series of new surgical and interventional catheterization procedures for treatment of both the pediatric and adult forms of pulmonary vein stenosis suggest an improving prognosis in centers with specialized expertise. However, the prognosis of patients affected with pulmonary vein stenosis remains guarded and requires diligent follow-up and often repeated procedures. The purpose of this article is to review concepts of causation and possible treatments for this rare but serious condition as they evolve. The left atrium and pulmonary veins initially develop separately in the 3- to 5-mm embryo (25 to 27 days gestation).1 The primordial pulmonary venous system is part of the splanchnic plexus, which initially connects to the cardinal and umbilicovitelline veins. At 27 to 29 days gestation, a small endothelial outgrowth from the posterior superior wall of the primordial left atrium develops just to the left of the developing septum primum. At 28 to 30 days gestation, this common pulmonary venous out-pouching engages the pulmonary venous portion of the splanchnic …
Primary Care Management of Child & Adolescent Depressive Disorders

This article outlines the importance of primary health care in addressing the public health challenge presented by pediatric depressive disorders. The current realities of depression management in primary care are discussed. The models emerging from intervention research and the barriers to their implementation in practice are then reviewed. Drawing on this background, recent new standards for primary care management of pediatric depressive disorders are discussed, along with resources that have been developed to support their achievement.
Informed consent to psychotherapy: Protecting the dignity and respecting the autonomy of patients

Well-implemented informed consent procedures demonstrate psychotherapists' respect for clients' right to self-determination and can initiate meaningful contributions to treatment through enhancing mutual trust, building rapport, and facilitating a sense of ownership. This article details key components of informed consent to psychotherapy by placing them within real-world psychotherapy scenarios. We provide information on client-therapist discussions of the nature and course of therapy, fees and payment policies, the involvement of third parties, confidentiality policies, and new and untested treatments. In addition, this article addresses informed consent procedures for individuals with impaired cognitive capacities and under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) regulations.
Vibronic band shapes for indole from scaled bond order changes

Abstract The quantum consistent force field (QCFF/PI) method was modified by scaling the it bond order changes by a factor of 1.3, which gives a good fit for the S 1 ( 1 L b ) Franck-Condon factors of benzene. Use of the scaled bond orders in calculations of the 1 L a , 1 L b , and 3 L a excited state geometries for indole gives calculated band shapes in good general agreement with the distinctive characteristic shapes known for these bands. Computed spectra at a variety of simulated resolutions provide interesting insights.
Graphite intercalation by mixtures of CuCl2 and AlCl3

Abstract The effect of aluminum chloride and chlorine reagent on the intercalation of copper chloride into graphite fiber and powder was studied. Reactions under a variety of conditions, including temperatures from 260 to 480 °C, AlCl 3 /CuCl 2 reagent ratios of 0.3 to 0.95, and a range of total pressures and chlorine pressures were examined. Gravimetric and electrical resistivity changes were monitored as a function of reaction time. Analysis of the product properties via X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been used to determine the most likely reaction pathway under various conditions. Only reaction conditions which were extremely unfavorable for the intercalation of AlCl 3 were not dominated by initial AlCl 3 intercalation and indicated participation of the CuAl 2 Cl 8 complex molecule in the charge-transfer reaction. Strong evidence was found for the presence of AlCl 4 − ions in the intercalation compounds reacted with excess chlorine reagent. All of the intercalation compounds contained substantial amounts of Al, and suffered rapid and significant degradation of electrical resistivity upon aging under ambient conditions.
Reduction of FeO in smelting slags by solid carbon: Experimental results

The reduction of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-FeO slags containing less than 10 wt pct FeO by solid carbonaceous materials such as graphite, coke, and coal char was investigated at reaction temperatures of 1400 °C to 1450 °C. The carbon monoxide evolution rate from the system was measured using stationary and rotating carbon rods, stationary horizontal carbon surfaces, and pinned stationary spheres as the reductants. The measured reaction rate ranged from 3.25 × 10−7 mol cm−2 s−1 at 2.1 pct FeO under static conditions to 3.6 × 10−6 mol cm−2 s−1 at 9.5 pct FeO for a rotating rod experiment. Visualization of the experiment using X-ray fluoroscopy showed that gas evolution from the reduction reaction caused the slag to foam during the experiment and that a gas film formed between the carbon surface and the slag at all times during experimentation. The reaction rate increased with increased slag FeO contents under all experimental conditions; however, this variation was not linear with FeO content. The reaction rate also increased with the rotation speed of the carbon rod at a given FeO content. A small increase in the reaction rate, at a given FeO content, was found when horizontal coke surfaces and coke spheres were used as the reductant as compared to graphite and coal char. The results of these experiments do not fit the traditional mass transfer correlations due to the evolution of gas during the experiment. The experimental results are consistent, however, with the hypothesis that liquid phase mass transfer of iron oxide is a major factor in the rate of reduction of iron oxide from slags by carbonaceous materials. In a second article, the individual rates of the possible limiting steps will be compared and a mixed control model will be used to explain the measured reaction rates.
Stem cells of the adult lung: their development and role in homeostasis, regeneration, and disease

The lung has vital functions in gas exchange and immune defense. To fulfill these functions the cellular composition and complex three-dimensional organization of the organ must be maintained for a lifetime. Cell turnover in the adult lung is normally low. However, in response to cellular injury by agents such as infection, toxic compounds, and irradiation there is rapid proliferation and differentiation of endogenous stem and progenitor cells to repair and regenerate the damaged tissue. In the mouse, different populations of epithelial progenitor cells have been identified in different regions of the respiratory system: basal cells in the proximal tracheobronchial region and submucosal glands, and secretory cells in the conducting airways and bronchioalveolar duct junction. The identification of the long-term stem cells in the alveolar region is still under debate, and little is known about resident stem and progenitor cells for the many mesodermal populations. Within this framework information is provided about the origin of lung progenitor cells during development, the microenvironment in which they reside, the experimental injury and repair systems used to promote their regenerative response, and some of the mechanisms regulating their behavior. WIREs Dev Biol 2013, 2:131-148. doi: 10.1002/wdev.58 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Subtyping of bulimia nervosa

Several possible ways of subtyping bulimia nervosa are discussed. Two possibilities, subtyping bulimia nervosa by presence or absence of a history of anorexia nervosa or presence or absence of a history of obesity, both represent interesting approaches, but there is inadequate data to support either as a subclassifying system at this point. There is considerable interest in requiring purging behavior for the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, or for subtyping bulimia nervosa into purging vs. non-purging types. Also the issue of bow to classify over-weight bulimic individuals by DSM-Ill-R criteria who do not purge remains controversial.
Reusable linking chemistry for His‐6 tagged proteins in an affinity‐based porous silicon biosensor

The inexpensive fabrication and intrinsic optical and filtering properties of porous silicon (PSi) make optical PSi biosensors ideally suited for diagnostic testing. Long term goals of a diagnostic sensor would benefit from reversible binding chemistry to allow retesting of patient samples and collection of captured target for analysis. This work illustrates a versatile method to immobilize hexahistidine (His-6) tagged molecular probes and utilizes reversible competitive chelating chemistry to reuse the porous silicon sensor device. Reuse of this Ni― His-6 chemistry in a PSi affinity-based biosensor was demonstrated with two different His-6 tagged proteins to give consistent probe loading values within mimimal error over 4 cy- cles of use. Advantages of utilizing any site-directed immobilization method include the homogeneity of surface bound probe molecule orientation, which we also illustrate resulted in a 2-fold increase in detection capability of a secondary target antibody. As the current sensitivity range of macroporous PSi sensors (diameters of 30―100 nm) pose limitations to their use in medical applications; this work identifies the ability to improve target capture through the development of an efficient and versatile linking chemistry.
Modeling of Free-Radical Polymerization Kinetics with Crosslinking for Methyl Methacrylate/Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate

ABSTRACTA model has been developed to represent polymerization kinetics with crosslinking up to, and past, the gelpoint. Based upon the method of moments, the representation predicts the changes in polymer molecular weight (MW) as branching occurs, and provides a measure of the MW increase caused by the crosslinker. Loss of pendant double bonds by internal cyclization and decrease in branching rate due to diffusion limitations are included. The Ross-Laurence correlation for diffusion-controlled termination has been modified to predict the faster rate acceleration that occurs in lightly crosslinked systems and the delayed Trommsdorff effect observed upon addition of chain transfer agent. The model successfully represents gelpoint and rate data for methyl methacrylate (MMA) polymerization for a wide range of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) levels, with and without the presence of chain transfer agent.
Self-catalyzed growth of InP/InSb axial nanowire heterostructures

A1. Self-catalyst B1. InSb B1. InP A1. Nanowires A1. Electron microscopy abstract Axial nanowire heterostructures composed of InSb on top of InP are grown via the vapor-liquid-solid process using metalorganic precursors and liquid indium as the catalyst. Scanning and transmission electron microscopies, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and high-resolution X-ray diffraction are used to determine the morphology, crystallinity, and composition of the heterostructures. We find that the InP is zinc blende in structure while the InSb segments are composed of both wurtzite and zinc blende structures. Interestingly, we observe the InP/InSb interfaces to be composed of elastically strained InSb and/or Sb-rich In(P,Sb) alloy layers.
Preparation of Sieves with Microscopic Pore Diameters

SIEVES with pore diameters in the micron range are finding increasingly frequent applications. While a number of commercially available articles fulfil criteria of pore size uniformity, these pathways are generally tortuous, with great individual variation in the exact hole pattern. A simple technique for preparation of such filters has therefore been developed.
THE SYNTHESIS OF N-ACETYL-ALPHA-AND N-ACETYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSAMINE I-PHOSPHATES (2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-ALPHA- AND BETA-D-GLUCOSE I-PHOSPHATES).

Abstract 1. 1. The chemical synthesis of N -acetyl- α - and β- D -glucosamine 1-phosphate is described. Crystalline phosphoric acid was condensed with 2- acetamido -1,3,4,6- tetra -O- acetyl -2- deoxy -α- D -glucose . The O-acetyl groups were removed with LiOH which also precipitated excess phosphoric acid as the insoluble lithium salt. Excess LiOH was removed by conversion to NH 4 OH with an ion exchange resin and subsequent evaporation. 2. 2. The α and β anomers were separated with an ion exchange resin and crystallized: the α anomer as the monohydrate of the dipotassium salt, and the β anomer as the anhydrous disodium salt. 3. 3. The α anomer was active as a substrate for the enzyme UTP: 2-acetylamino-2-deoxy- D -glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase; the β anomer was inactive. 4. 4. The synthesis of glycosyl-β-1-phosphates by this method has not been reported previously.
A comparison of the Trojan Y Chromosome and daughterless carp eradication strategies

Two autocidal genetic biocontrol methods have been proposed as a means to eliminate invasive fish by changing the sex ratio of the population: the Trojan Y Chromosome (TYC) strategy and the Daughterless Carp (DC) strategy. Both strategies were modeled using ordinary differential equations that allow the kinetics of female decline to be assessed under identical modeling conditions. When compared directly in an ordinary differential equation (ODE) model, the TYC strategy was found to result in female extinction more rapidly than a DC strategy (in each of three models tested in which the Daughterless autocidal fish contained an aromatase inhibitor gene in either two or eight copies). The TYC strategy additionally required the introduction of fewer autocidal fish to the target population to achieve local extinction of females as compared to the DC approach. The results suggest that the relatively lower efficiency of female reduction associated with the DC approach is a consequence of a greater capacity to produce females and also a reduced capacity to produce males as compared to the TYC system.
Rectus nerve entrapment causing abdominal pain

24 cas de douleurs abdominales (21 femmes, 3 hommes) dont la cause n'est pas trouvee par les explorations habituelles medicales ou gynecologiques. Dans 14 cas la paroi abdominale a ete ouverte au cours d'une intervention anterieure. Le diagnostic est fait par la localisation de points douloureux precis et l'exacerbation par des contractions musculaires. Traitement par bupivacaine, avec ou sans methylprednisolone, solution aqueuse de phenol, rarement decompression chirurgicale
Randomized Clinical Trial of Propofol versus Methohexital for Procedural Sedation during Fracture and Dislocation Reduction in the Emergency Department

Although methohexital has been well studied for use in emergency department (ED) procedural sedation (PS), propofol has been evaluated less extensively for ED use. Objective: The authors hypothesized that there is no difference in the depth of sedation and the rate of respiratory depression (RD) between propofol and methohexital in PS during the reduction of fractures and dislocations in the ED. Methods: This was a randomized prospective study of nonintoxicated adult patients undergoing PS for fracture or dislocation reduction in the ED between July 2001 and March 2002. Patients were randomized to receive either propofol or methohexital, 1 mg/kg intravenously, followed by repeat boluses of 0.5 mg/kg every 2 minutes until adequate sedation was achieved. Doses, vital signs, end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) by nasal cannulae, pulse oximetry, and bispectral electroencephalogram analysis (BIS) scores were recorded. RD was defined as an ETCO2 greater than 50 torr, an oxygen saturation less than 90% at any time, or an absent ETCO2 waveform. After returning to baseline mental status, patients completed three 100-mm visual analog scales (VASs) regarding pain associated with the procedure, recall of the procedure, and satisfaction. RD rates and VAS outcomes were compared with chi-square tests. Results: There were 109 patients enrolled; six were excluded for study protocol violations. Of the remaining 103 patients, 52 received methohexital (reduction successful in 94%) and 51 received propofol (98% successful). No cardiac rhythm abnormalities or significant decline in systolic blood pressure ([20%) was detected. Six patients required bag-valve-mask-assisted ventilations during the procedure, all for less than 1 minute; four of these patients received methohexital, and two received propofol. By the authors’ definition, RD was seen in 25 of 52 (48%) patients receiving methohexital and 25 of 51 (49%) patients receiving propofol (p ¼ 0.88). The mean minimum recorded BIS score was 66.2 (95% confidence interval [CI] ¼ 62 to 70) for methohexital and 66 (95% CI ¼ 60 to 71) for propofol. VAS results showed similar rates of reported pain, recall, and satisfaction for the two agents. Conclusions: The authors were unable to detect a significant difference in the level of subclinical RD or the level of sedation by BIS between the two agents. The use of either agent seems to be safe in the ED. Key words: sedation; propofol; methohexital; end-tidal CO2; bispectral analysis; emergency department. ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2003; 10:931‐937.
Evaluation of the impact of NCI's Summer Curriculum on Cancer Prevention on participants from low- and middle-income countries.

The NCI Summer Curriculum on Cancer Prevention provides scientists and health care professionals training in principles and practices of cancer prevention and control, and molecular biology and genetics of cancer. Originally intended for U.S. scientists, the Curriculum’s enrollment of international scientists has increased steadily. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the Curriculum’s impact on knowledge, skills and career accomplishments of the international participants from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). International participants from 1998 to 2009 completed questionnaires regarding knowledge, overall experience and accomplishments directly associated with the Curriculum. Almost all respondents agreed the Curriculum enhanced their knowledge and skills, prepared them to contribute to cancer control activities in their home countries and addressed specific needs and achieve research goals. The NCI Summer Curriculum on Cancer Prevention gives international participants a unique opportunity to enhance their knowledge and effectively contribute to cancer control activities in their home country.
A Technique For The Rapid Fabrication Of Nickel Plated Aspheric Metal Mirrors For Infrared Optical Systems

A simple method is described which permits the rapid fabrication of nickel plated aspheric metal mirrors for infrared optical systems. The method employs precision machining of the substrate and the plated mirror with a calculated series of tangent radii designed to closely approximate the desired aspheric curve. The process described has several advantages; it removes irregularities from the substrate and the plating, it provides an even plating layer, it produces a smooth machined surface close to the desired shape and ready for polishing and figuring, and it can be done on most precision machine lathes. Since most of the asphericity is machined into the surface at the start, a considerable reduction in fabrication time can be realized over conventional methods.© (1979) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Technique for increasing the gain-bandwidth product of n-m.o.s. and p-m.o.s. integrated inverters

A method for increasing the bandwidth of single-channel m.o.s. integrated inverters, with practically no decrease in low-frequency gain, is presented. A 1st-order analysis and computer simulation are included.
Applying Social Science Research to Solving Problems of Modern Nations: Problems and Pitfalls

The reasons the social sciences do not have an effect on public policies are discussed, including that there are conflicting results, the effect of scholars' biases on their research, and a desire to keep the social sciences value-free.
DVB-RCS Bandwidth Performance Metric Analysis

Since April 2006, a two-way satellite communications network has been utilized by DISA to provide warfighters within the CENTCOM AOR with UAV backhaul and dissemination, GBS video dissemination, SIPRNet, andfile transfer capabilities. This network, based on Digital Video Broadcast, Return Channel via Satellite (DVB-RCS) technology currently provides the capability to simultaneously backhaul and disseminate UAV videos within Iraq, Afghanistan, Kuwait, and Qatar and currently supports over 30 subscriber suites. Since January 2007, the DVB-RCS system has supported Task Force ODIN and the Joint IED Defeat Organization (JIEDDO). The Mega Video Suite (MVS) was created to directly support TF ODIN's mission and is capable of simultaneously backhauling up to six UAV video streams. This additional mission has increased the challenge of managing and allocating the limited return link bandwidth between all DVB-RCS users. Effective analysis of the bandwidth utilization on the DVB-RCS network is an essential component of the overall network management aspect of the system. With satellite bandwidth being exceedingly costly, maximizing bandwidth utilization is necessary for maintaining a cost-effective network. The two-way capability of the DVB-RCS system makes this task even more challenging as satellite bandwidth must be effectively allocated between the forward and return link traffic to maximize the amount of traffic that can traverse the network. This paper describes the bandwidth performance metrics strategy being leveraged for the DVB-RCS network to maximize bandwidth utilization and support the video dissemination requirements of the DVB-RCS system.
Good science: Can it ever be gender free?

Abstract A controversy has recently arisen in feminist circles: the idea that a feminist science can be developed is countered by the claim that good science is really gender neutral. Some feminists in science who have made critiques of traditional scientific approaches and theories in the area of animal behavior, the neurosciences, and endocrinology have suggested that “good” science is gender-free. This suggestion supports a false dichotomy between nature and nurture and implies that scientific theories and approaches are not affected by the values, beliefs, and biases of the scientist and society. Until our society is gender neutral (and neutral with respect to class, race, and sexual preference) it is impossible to assume that science is not affected by the gender, class, race, and sexual preference of the scientists and that it might not be necessary to develop a feminist science.
Gunnar Thorson's world-wide collection of prosobranch egg capsules: Nassariidae

Abstract The spawns of 28 species in Nassariinae and Dorsaninae are described, and 26 are illustrated. Unconsolidated or simply constructed egg masses are the rule. Only five species have closely spaced capsules with overlapping ridges and spines forming a protective barrier against predators. As inhabitants of soft substrata, nassarids reproduce successfully when they are able to place egg capsules on stable objects projecting above unconsolidated sediment. Consequences of selection relative to this requirement could be the frequently reported occurrences of ovoviviparity or brooding on or in various parts of the spawner's body. Egg capsules of non-brooding species in both subfamilies are simply constructed and have comparable morphologies as indicated by an escape aperture and the positions oflateral ridges containing sutures. Four general categories are identified: (a) bulliform capsules with sutures and an aperture, (b) capsules with simple lateral ridges (containing sutures) and a terminal or subterm...
Internet of Things: Services and Applications Categorization

In this paper we attempt to categorize the services provided by the Internet of Things (IoT) in order to help application developers build upon a base service. First we introduce the four main categories of services, and then follow by providing a number of examples of each of the service categories so as to provide an example of how each type of service might be implemented, and how it can be used to build an IoT application.
Cystic Disease of the Lung with Acquired Systemic Pulmonary Shunt

M. J., an 18 year-old pregnant housewife, was initially seen by her referring physician on July 7, 1958 when he noted a systolic murmur in the second anterior interspace just to the left of the sternal border, In the course of a routine prenatal examination. He then obtained a roentgenogram of the chest (Fig. 1) which revealed a cystic area off the left anterior segment, containing a small fluid level. A history was given of a slight, non-productive cough. There had been recurrent respiratory infections throughout childhood, but she was free of any complaints when seen. The history relative to her pregnancy suggested that she was in her fifth month of gestation. The physical examination on admission was within normal limits with the exception of the finding of a well-localized systolic murmur with a low pitched diastolic component located just to the left of the sternal border in the second anterior interspace, which was not transmitted. The murmur was found to be obliterated on Valsalva maneuver. There was absence of clubbing of the fingers and no cyanosis was noted. The pulmonary second sound was not accentuated. The blood pressure in the arms was 115/35 and in the legs 140/75/60 mm. Hg. The pulse rate was 100 per minute. Complete hematologic studies, blood chemical studies, urinalysis and electrocardiograms were within normal limits. Skin tests were positive only to histoplasmin. There was no polycythemia. Repeat roentgenograms of the chest on July 25, 1958 (Fig. 2) revealed that the previously noted cystic area of the left upper lobe (Fig. 1 / had become converted Into a homogeneous density suggesting that drainage of the cystic space was blocked. The lesion seemed to be confined to the anterior segment and there was no evidence of pulsations about the area on fluoroscopic examination. At bronchoscopy on August 12, 1958, only thin mucoid secretions were found issuing from the left upper lobe bronchus. On August 25, 1958 left thoracotomy was performed and the findings (Fig. 3) were of multiple cystic areas presenting on the mediastinal surface of the anterior segment of the left upper lobe. The area betwen the arch of the aorta and the pulmonary
Role of Nicotinic and Estrogen Signaling during Experimental Acute and Chronic Bladder Inflammation

Inflammation is a physiological process that characterizes many bladder diseases. We hypothesized that nicotinic and estrogen signaling could down-regulate bladder inflammation. Cyclophosphamide was used to induce acute and chronic bladder inflammation. Changes in bladder inflammation were measured histologically and by inflammatory gene expression. Antagonizing nicotinic signaling with mecamylamine further aggravated acute and chronic inflammatory changes resulting from cyclophosphamide treatment. Estrogen and nicotinic signaling independently attenuated acute bladder inflammation by decreasing neutrophil recruitment and down-regulating elevated lipocalin-2 and cathepsin D expression. However, the combined signaling by the estrogen and nicotinic pathways, as measured by macrophage infiltration and up-regulation of interleukin-6 expression in the bladder, synergistically reduced chronic bladder inflammation. The elevated expression of p65 nuclear localization in bladders treated with cyclophosphamide or cyclophosphamide with mecamylamine suggested nuclear factor-κB activation in the chronic inflammatory process. The complementary treat-ment of 17β-estradiol and the nicotinic agonist anabasine resulted in the translocation of p65 to the cytoplasm, again greater than either alone. Activation of nuclear factor-κB can result in macrophage activation and/or elevation in epithelial proliferation. These data suggest that 17β-estradiol and anabasine reduce chronic bladder inflammation through reduction of nuclear translocation of p65 to suppress cytokine expression.
Reverse deterrence in racial profiling: increased transgressions by nonprofiled whites.

A controlled experiment tested the possibility that racial profiling— disproportionate scrutiny of a minority racial group by sanctioned authorities—would have a “reverse deterrent” effect on the illicit behavior of members of a nonprofiled majority group. Research participants given a task involving extremely difficult anagrams were given the opportunity to cheat. White participants randomly assigned to a condition in which two Black confederates were obtrusively singled out for scrutiny by the study administrator cheated more than Whites in a White-profiling condition and a no-profiling control condition, and more than Black participants in all three conditions. Black participants cheated at comparable levels across the three experimental conditions. The effect of the profiling of Blacks was consequently a net increase in cheating. The results indicate that racial profiling may be counterproductive.
The ears of butterflyfishes (Chaetodontidae): 'hearing generalists' on noisy coral reefs?

Analysis of the morphology of all three otolithic organs (sacculus, lagena and utriculus), including macula shape, hair cell morphology, density, orientation pattern, otolith morphology and the spatial relationships of the swimbladder and ear, reveals that butterflyfishes in the genera Chaetodon (which has anterior swimbladder horns) and Forcipiger (which lacks anterior swimbladder horns) both demonstrate the ear morphology typical of teleosts that lack otophysic connections, fishes that have traditionally been considered to be ‘hearing generalists’.
Receptor sites for the primary care function: Reaction to the paper by Karen Davis, PhD, and Kristof Stremikis, MPP

home. For participants in this 40th anniversary celebration of the founding of the American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM), this emphasis on the centrality of reformed primary care to meet the health care needs of Americans is a call to the “supper table of mom and apple pie.” The call resonates with family physicians’ hunger for acknowledgment and with the fullness of knowledge that systems based on primary care have higher quality, healthier people, less inequality in health care and health, and lower costs. 2
Performance Assessment of Low-Temperature Thermal Storage with Electromagnetic Control

This study presents electromagnetic-controlled thermal storage (ECTS) that can be directly implemented in strategies of low-temperature waste heat recovery for energy-consuming equipment. A magnetic nanofluid (MNF) prepared from fine iron ferrite ferromagnetic particles is recommended as a latent heat medium (LHM). During electromagnetic induction, local flow fluctuations are generated and thermal convection in the MNF can be enhanced. The achieved results demonstrated that ECTS has a wide operational range and an optimum storage efficiency of 84.46%. Thus, a self-perturbation mode used to enhance thermal energy transportation can be designed for numerous waste heat management applications.
Array Training in a Categorization Task

Two components of categorization, within-category commonalities and between-category distinctiveness, were investigated in a categorization task. Subjects learned three prototype categories composed of moderately high distortions, by observing arrays containing patterns that belonged either to a common prototype category or to three different categories; a third group learned patterns presented one at a time, mirroring the standard paradigm. Following 6 learning blocks, subjects transferred to old patterns and new patterns at low-, medium-, and high-level distortions of the category prototype. The results showed that array training facilitated learning, especially when patterns in the array belonged to the same category. Transfer results showed a strong gradient effect across pattern distortion level for all conditions, with the highest performance obtained following array training on different category patterns and worst in the control condition. Interestingly, the old training patterns were classified w...
Testing the Longitudinal Impact of Work Variables and Performance Appraisal Satisfaction on Subsequent Overall Job Satisfaction

Using a longitudinal sample of medicaltechnologists (MTs) this study found, after controllingfor prior overall job satisfaction, individualdifference, and organization-level variables, that taskresponsibilities and employee performance appraisal satisfactionsignificantly affected subsequent overall MT jobsatisfaction. Overall job satisfaction significantlydeclined for repeat-respondents over the 4-year period. Data also suggested that the impact of taskresponsibilities on overall job satisfaction candissipate over time, and that the supervisor's role inaffecting employee job satisfaction is important.Results and limitations are discussed.
Applications of the linear algebraic method for control system design

It is shown how to apply the linear algebraic method to the design of control systems with specific characteristics. The method is applied to pole-zero assignment with disturbance rejection and to tracking of a reference input. The problem of choosing overall transfer functions is discussed. In general, the examples show that the method is systematic and general and yields good results. >
Lorentz deflection of rescattering and high harmonic generation at mid-IR wavelengths

We study the strong field single-atom response using a relativistic semi-classical rescattering model. Lorentz deflection from the laser magnetic field limits HHG for intensities of 1015 W/cm2 at mid-IR wavelengths.
Validation of probabilistic linkage to match de-identified ambulance records to a state trauma registry.

Objectives: To validate the accuracy of using probabilistic linkage for matching de-identified ambulance records to a state trauma registry. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort analysis. Three thousand nine hundred nineteen true matches between ambulance and state trauma registry data from 1998 to 2003 were identified by deterministic matching on trauma identification number and verified by human review. Two thousand thirty-eight ambulance records from trauma patients not meeting criteria for a true match, and an identical number of trauma registry records randomly selected from the one local county served by a different EMS provider, were included as nonmatches. There were 17 variables considered for linkage, which included the following: age, gender, race, county, hospital, date, rural setting, call and arrival times, mechanism, penetrating injury, vital signs, intubation, and intoxication. Probabilistic linkage was used to link the two data sets, using seven different combinations of common variables (maximum, 17; minimum, 4). The sensitivity and specificity of identifying true matches and nonmatches (95% confidence intervals [95% CI]) were calculated for each combination of variables. Results: Using all 17 available variables, 3,766 of 3,919 true matches were appropriately linked (sensitivity, 96.1%; 95% CI = 95.4% to 96.7%), with eight mismatches (specificity, 99.6%; 95% CI = 99.2% to 99.8%). Sensitivity fell below 95% with 98% regardless of the number of variables included. Conclusions: Probabilistic linkage is a valid method for matching ambulance records to a trauma registry without the use of patient identifiers; however, the sensitivity of identifying true matches is critically dependent on the number and type of common variables included in the analysis.