cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Correlation of expression of the actin filament-bundling protein espin with stereociliary bundle formation in the developing inner ear.

The vertebrate hair cell is named for its stereociliary bundle or hair bundle that protrudes from the cell's apical surface. Hair bundles mediate mechanosensitivity, and their highly organized structure plays a critical role in mechanoelectrical transduction and amplification. The prototypical hair bundle is composed of individual stereocilia, 50–300 in number, depending on the animal species and on the type of hair cell. The assembly of stereocilia, in particular, the formation during development of individual rows of stereocilia with descending length, has been analyzed in great morphological detail. Electron microscopic studies have demonstrated that stereocilia are filled with actin filaments that are rigidly cross-linked. The growth of individual rows of stereocilia is associated with the addition of actin filaments and with progressively increasing numbers of cross-bridges between actin filaments. Recently, a mutation in the actin filament-bundling protein espin has been shown to underlie hair bundle degeneration in the deaf jerker mouse, subsequently leading to deafness. Our study was undertaken to investigate the appearance and developmental expression of espin in chicken inner ear sensory epithelia. We found that the onset of espin expression correlates with the initiation and growth of stereocilia bundles in vestibular and cochlear hair cells. Intense espin immunolabeling of stereocilia was colocalized with actin filament staining in all types of hair cells at all developmental stages and in adult animals. Our analysis of espin as a molecular marker for actin filament cross-links in stereocilia is in full accordance with previous morphological studies and implicates espin as an important structural component of hair bundles from initiation of bundle assembly to mature chicken hair cells. J. Comp. Neurol. 468:125–134, 2004. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
IMPACT OF INSTRUCTION ON THE USE OF L2 DISCOURSE MARKERS

The present investigation compares the acquisition of L2 Spanish discourse markers under explicit and implicit learning conditions. Subjects were fifth-semester Spanish students assigned to an explicit instruction combined with input flood group, an input flood alone group, or a control group. The explicit instruction with input flood group was provided with explicit information about discourse markers. The group then received a flood of written input containing the target forms. Learners were also provided with communicative practice and feedback. The input flood group did not receive explicit instruction on discourse markers. The group received the same flood of input as the other experimental group. The input flood group was presented with communicative practice although there was no feedback. Prior to instruction, a questionnaire was administered to assess learners’ previous knowledge and use of Spanish discourse markers. A speaking task was administered as a pretest, immediate posttest, and delayed posttest. Their results indicated that both experimental treatments had a positive impact on learners’ overall use of discourse markers. No significant differences were found between the two groups on the posttests. Quantitative and qualitative data, however, revealed that the explicit instruction combined with input flood group was more effective than the input flood group in employing new discourse markers to structure their narratives. Taken together, these results confirm the positive impact of instruction on the use of L2 Spanish discourse markers.
Perceptions of Inequity, Satisfaction, and Conflict in Task-Oriented Groups

The study reported here was descriptive in nature and looked at 375 subjects involved in a group task. The research focus was on individual satisfaction, type, and amount of conflict, its resolution, perceived inequity, and quality of outcome. The results indicated that greater inequity was associated with people conflicts, which in turn were managed primarily with avoidance tactics. Task conflicts were managed mainly with integrative styles. Greater satisfaction was associated with integrative tactics. Perceptions of inequity were more associated with conflicts centering around people than with task and less inequity resulted from conflicts managed integratively. Inequity was negatively related to satisfaction, positively related to conflict, and not found to be related to outcome quality.
Stability of a time-varying 2-D state-space digital filter

The problem of establishing sufficient conditions for a time-varying 2-D Givone-Roesser model is studied. The analysis shows that the Lyapunov condition used to guarantee stability of 1-D state-space systems is useful for this problem, but not applicable in a straightforward manner. The elimination of coupling in one of the two directions between the horizontal and vertical state vectors of the Givone-Roesser model does complement the Lyapunov approach such that BIBO stability is achieved.
Neurite Outgrowth from Bipolar and Horizontal Cells after Experimental Retinal Detachment

Purpose To study the responses of horizontal cells and rod bipolar cells, the second-order neurons in the retina, to the degeneration induced by experimental retinal detachment. Methods Retinas from the eyes of domestic cats were examined 1, 3, 7, and 28 days after detachment using immunocytochemical and electron microscopic analyses. Retinal sections were labeled with antibodies to synaptophysin, calbindin D, and protein kinase C (PKC), proteins that serve as markers for synaptic terminals, horizontal cells, and rod bipolar cells, respectively. Results Beginning 1 day after detachment, the outer plexiform layer becomes disorganized and synaptophysin-labeled photoreceptor terminals are detected among the cell bodies of photoreceptors in the outer nuclear layer (ONL). At the same time, horizontal and rod bipolar cell processes grow into the ONL. In some cases, these processes contact photoreceptor terminals that have withdrawn deep into the ONL. Double-labeling experiments with antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein (Muller cell labeling) and phosphodiesterase gamma (cone labeling) demonstrate that the calbindin D- and PKC-positive neurite outgrowths are not derived from either Muller cells or cone photoreceptors. Conclusions Horizontal and rod bipolar cell processes lengthen after retinal detachment, perhaps in response to a withdrawal of their presynaptic targets, the photoreceptor synaptic terminals. This apparent attempt to maintain synaptic contact after injury demonstrates a plasticity in the adult retina that may be of importance for the recovery of vision in human patients.
Braking platelet activation: deactivating the receptors

Glycoprotein (GP) VI and Fc receptor FcγRIIa are 2 ITAM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-activation motif)–bearing platelet surface receptors. In this issue of Blood , Gardiner and colleagues show that activation of either receptor results in simultaneous proteolytic cleavage of GPVI ectodomain and Fcγ
Hip implant stem interfacial motion, a finite element analysis

A key factor in press fit hip implant fixation is the amount of interfacial motion between implant stem and the femur. A finite element analysis of hip implant stem designs was performed to determine the effect on stem interfacial motion. Implants of distinct cross section and stem profile were analysed. Implant material property effects were studied by analysing cobalt chromium (CoCr), stainless steel (SS316L), and titanium alloy (Ti 6Al-4V) implants. Each implant was subjected to a static loading simulating the weight of an average US male (189 lb) taking a step forward. Study results showed that implant cross section played a role in interfacial motion amounts. Ti 6Al-4V showed the greatest difference in implant interfacial motion as compared to SS316L and CoCr. Continued design and development of implant stems resistant to interfacial motion is needed.
Non-Bayesian Learning

A series of experiments suggest that, compared to the Bayesian benchmark, people may either underreact or overreact to new information. We consider a setting where agents repeatedly process new data. Our main result shows a basic distinction between the long-run beliefs of agents who underreact to information and agents who overreact to information. Like Bayesian learners, non-Bayesian updaters who underreact to observations eventually forecast accurately. Hence, underreaction may be a transient phenomenon. Non-Bayesian updaters who overreact to observations eventually forecast accurately with positive probability but may also, with positive probability, converge to incorrect forecasts. Hence, overreaction may have long-run consequences.
Subcritcal dispersive shock waves upstream of planetary bow shocks and at comet Giacobini‐Zinner

The nonlinear evolution of ULF (magnetosonic) waves is studied using electromagnetic simulations. The waves were observed upstream of the planetary bow shocks at Comet Giacobini-Zinner. It is shown that as ULF waves generated by the resonant ion beam instability steepen, their polarization becomes linear. A high-frequency wave packet is generated by the steepening process. The steepened wave has a structure and a behavior similar to a subcritical dispersive shock. It is suggested that Comet Giacobini-Zinner did not have a single bow shock. It is concluded that the comet had a transition region consisting of a series of shocks which were convected by the solar wind.
The influence of externalizing comorbidity on psychophysiological reactivity among veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder

Although most individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) demonstrate heightened physiological reactivity to trauma-related cues, many of these individuals do not. The presence of comorbid externalizing disorders is a potential explanation for this inconsistency. This study investigated the psychophysiological reactions to both standardized and idiographic trauma-related cues among male Vietnam Veterans with PTSD only, PTSD and a comorbid substance use disorder (PTSD-SUD), PTSD and comorbid antisocial personality disorder (PTSD-ASPD), PTSD and both comorbid ASPD and SUD (PTSD-ASPD/SUD), and healthy controls. Results showed that the heart rate reactivity of the PTSDASPD and PTSD-ASPD/SUD groups failed to exceed that of the No Disorder group during the imagery-based task, and the PTSD-ASPD/SUD group showed less skin conductance reactivity than the other three PTSD groups in response to the standardized trauma cues. These findings implicate ASPD comorbidity in reduced physiological reactivity to trauma reminders in some individuals with PTSD.
The Impact Of Platform On Global Video Game Sales

This paper examines video game sales by platform in the global market from a period spanning 2006 through 2011. As the home video game industry has rapidly matured and become established as a forefront facet of interactive entertainment in the home, we seek to determine what aspects of the video game market have the greatest impact on sales. This question is particularly poignant, as the maturation of the video game industry has witnessed efforts at both vertical integration and horizontal expansion on the part of the top game publishers and developers in hopes of solidly grounding the industry. This study employs a Kruskal-Wallis test to compare eight different gaming platforms. The results indicate Nintendo’s Wii was the top selling global platform; Nintendo DS was the second tier; Xbox 360, Sony PlayStation 3, and the personal computer (PC) are in the third tier; the fourth tier consists of Sony PlayStation 2 and Sony PSP; and the retired sixth generation Nintendo GameCube is the lowest sales tier.
Dynamics of Efficiency

Dynamisation of efficiency in data envelopment analysis may be viewed in several forms, depending on the interpretation of efficiency. Four different interpretations have been discussed in the current literature. One is the economic theory of technical efficiency and allocative (price) efficiency, where the former characterizes a production frontier and the latter the degree of correctness in adaptation of factor proportions to the ratio of factor prices. When the factor prices are observed as competitive market prices, the allocatively efficient firms follow an expansion path which is optimal in each period. This optimal expansion path may be called the expansion frontier. A second view is to consider the production function underlying the DEA models with dynamic inputs such as capital, technology and capacity variables, each of which has significant impact on output for several periods in the future. Efficiency in this framework is characterized by the capacity frontier or the technology frontier. The third form of efficiency defines an adjustment frontier as in model (3.l0c) of Chapter One, where the coefficients of the production frontier are modified due to various time lags of adjustment of inputs. This type of model allows a two-stage interpretation of efficiency, with a short and a long run view of the state space model.
Recent Advances: The Fasciculata and Glomerulosa as Two Distinct Glands

In proposing that the adrenal zona fasciculata and zona glomerulosa function as two distinct glands under different regulatory control, New and Seaman (1970) suggested that an 11 β-hydroxylase defect might occur only in the fasciculata, sparing the glomerulosa from an 11 β-hydroxylase deficiency. The hypothesis accounts for the rise in aldosterone secretion observed in a patient with 11 β-hydroxylase deficiency after excessive DOC levels were suppressed during treatment. According to the proposal, the fasciculata suffers from an 11 β-hydroxylase defect and produces excessive DOC. Elevated circulating levels of DOC cause excessive renal tubular reabsorption of sodium, which suppresses renal renin production. The glomerulosa is deprived of the stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system required for aldosterone synthesis and low aldosterone secretion results (Fig. 8). When DOC secretion is suppressed by treatment, natriuresis occurs and renin-angiotensin levels consequently rise, stimulating the glomerulosa to synthesize aldosterone (Fig. 9). Because the glomerulosa, unlike the fasciculata, is spared the 11 β-hydroxylase defect, it can respond to this stimulation with an appropriate increase in aldosterone secretion, and serum and urinary aldosterone levels rise. The adrenal steroid biosynthetic pathways in this disorder according to this hypothesis are schematically depicted in Fig. 10.
Signal Transduction Pathways Involved in Hepatocarcinogenesis and Metastasis of Hepatoma

Liver cancer is a complex disease that has poor prognosis as it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Due to the differences in the prevalence and a wide range of risk factors as well as heterogeneous phenotypic and genetic traits of affected individuals its incidence varies according to the geographical region around the world. It is not amenable to standard chemotherapy and is resistant to radiotherapy. In most cases, surgical resection and liver transplantation remain the only curative treatment options. Extensive research over the past decade has identified a number of molecular biomarkers as well as cellular networks and signaling pathways affected in liver cancer. In this review, the contribution of various cellular transduction events to cancer formation and progression were discussed.
Developing Cost-Effective Brand Loyalty Programs

What makes a brand loyalty program successful? In depth interviews of 41 experts were conducted to establish the best practices of brand loyalty programs. Following this, Study 1 examines three types of programs (small, moderate, and large benefit programs) for three segments of consumers (non-, light-, and heay-users). Using 132 brand managers, Study 2 shows why current thinking keeps brand loyalty programs from being more successful. The results indicate that loyalty programs offering only small or moderate benefits may be the most reasonable means to motivate current users to increase purchases. In the short run, programs offering anything more may be less cost effective.
Impact of intensive stem cell mobilization therapy on outcomes following autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for non- Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)

8119 Background: We retrospectively evaluated the impact of intense [I] stem cell mobilization therapy on event-free survival [EFS] and overall survival [OS] following ASCT for NHL. Methods: 80 patients (pt) were studied (2 Burkitt, 3 primary CNS, 3 follicular, 2 intravascular, 43 large cell, 12 mantle cell, 9 transformed, and 6 peripheral T-cell). Patients with very-high risk features (LDH > 500 IU/L, first remissions < 1 year, 2 or more extra-nodal sites, and/or primary CNS/intravascular/mantle cell/peripheral T-cell histology) were prospectively allocated to I stem cell mobilization (requiring hospitalization) with either cyclophosphamide [C] (6 g/m2) + etoposide [E] (2g/m2) + filgrastim [G-CSF] (±rituximab [R]) (n=5) or with cytarabine [A] (2 g/m2 bid for 8 doses) + E (40 mg/kg) + G- CSF (±R) (n=45). 30 pt were mobilized (outpatient) with C 4g/m2 + G-CSF ±R (non-intense [NI] mobilization). 76 pt received ASCT conditioning with carmustine [B] + E and C (CBV) and 2 with B + E + A and melphalan (BEAM); 2...
Behavioral Health Services in the Changing Landscape of Private Health Plans.

Objective:Health plans play a key role in facilitating improvements in population health and may engage in activities that have an impact on access, cost, and quality of behavioral health care. Although behavioral health care is becoming more integrated with general medical care, its delivery system has unique aspects. The study examined how health plans deliver and manage behavioral health care in the context of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and the 2008 Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA). This is a critical time to examine how health plans manage behavioral health care.Methods:A nationally representative survey of private health plans (weighted N=8,431 products; 89% response rate) was conducted in 2010 during the first year of MHPAEA, when plans were subject to the law but before final regulations, and just before the ACA went into effect. The survey addressed behavioral health coverage, cost-sharing, contracting arrangements, medical home innovations, support for technology, and fin...
Mathematical computer and modelling reports: Review article

In this paper a model of nonuniform inhibitor production is used to discuss some experimental results obtained by Folkman and Hochberg for multicellular spheroids (of V-79 Chinese hamster lung tissue). Built into mathematical model is a parameter b which is a measure of the degree of nonuniformity of the inhibitor production rate. The ''inverse problem'' is solved by finding the value of b necessary to account for results with which the uniform model is incompatible [6]. The resulting value of b enables a good estimate to be made for the observed width of peripheral mitotic zones in the V-79 spheroids, and the resulting stability parameters lie in approriate ranges for the model to be a significant improvement over uniform models. Further improvements are discussed, including a heuristic model for estimating the destabilizing effect of vascularization on tissue growth.
Geochemical Simulation of Dissolution of West Valley and Dnpf Glasses in J-13 Water at 90°C

Dissolution of West Valley and Defense Waste Product Facility (DWPF) glasses in J-13 water at 90°C at the candidate Yucca Mountain, Nevada repository was simulated using the EQ316 computer code package. The objectives of the study were to attempt to predict the concentrations of radionuclides and other glass components in solution resulting from glass dissolution, and to identify potential precipitates that sequester glass components. Modified projected inventories of 10,000 year-old Nest Valley and DNPF SRL-165 frit glasses were used as starting glass compositions. J-13 water was considered to be representative of groundwater at Yucca Mountain. A total of 10 grams of each glass was assumed to dissolve congruently into a kilogram of J-13 water in a closed system. No inhibitions to precipitation, except for crystalline SiO 2 polymorphs, were assumed to exist. Radiolysis and materials interactions were not considered. Simulation results predict that radionuclides and other glass components precipitate predominantly in the form of oxides and hydroxides, together with carbonates, silicates and phosphates. Precipitates appear to be effective in limiting the concentrations of radionuclides and other elements in solution. The general compositional trends in precipitates and solution chemistry are the same in the West Valley and DMPF simulations, except for variations arising from differences in glass chemistry. Concentrations of elements released from glass increase until the solution reaches saturation with respect to solids that contain these elements. Elemental concentrations are then predicted to remain constant, increase or decrease depending on: 1) whether the reaction between the dominant aqueous species of the element in solution and its precipitate is pH and/or Eh-dependent; 2) whether the species distribution of the element in solution changes significantly in response to changes in pH, Eh, or other factors; and 3) the competition with other phases for elements required to form the precipitate. pH increases from 7.3 to 9.8 and from 7.2 to 10 in the West Valley and DWPF simulations, respectively. Eh decreases abruptly from about 0.5 to 0.3 volts after dissolution of 3.4 and 5.8 grams of glass in the Nest Valley and DMPF simulations, respectively, because of depletion of dissolved oxygen in solution. Complexing of aqueous species has a significant impact on radionuclide concentrations in solution; predicted concentrations of U in solution, for example, are controlled by the presence or absence of P in solution because H 2 PO 4 is an extremely effective complexing agent for U.
Preparing Clinical Laboratory Scientists to Meet the Demands of a Changing Health Care Market: Projections for the Future

A questionnaire was mailed to 250 self-identified members of the Clinical Laboratory Management Association (CLMA) to determine what skills and abilities they perceive will be needed by clinical laboratory scientists in the next decade. Of those questionnaires mailed, 106 (42.4%) were returned. Responses indicate that clinical laboratory scientists will need a blend of traditional technical skills and theoretical knowledge with more expertise in management skills, instrumentation, and computer technology. Results of this survey regarding educational strategies correlate well with reports in the literature indicating a need for (1) increased emphasis in management courses, (2) increased emphasis in computer technology courses, (3) increased emphasis on instrumentation, and (4) clinical experiences in both large and small laboratories. Discrepancies between reports in the literature and results of this survey exist in the need for the following: (1) multidisciplinary education, (2) teaching skills, and (3) research skills.
Heterogeneous Countries in a Financial Union

A financial union is a group of countries, each with its own nontradable goods sector, which can freely exchange tradable goods and debt contracts. In this paper, we establish the effects of shocks in a stylized financial union with heterogeneous regions -- a lender North and a borrower South -- and constraints on borrowing. We derive positive and normative results. First, when the degree of heterogeneity is high before the shock, the South is disproportionately hurt by the shock, no matter whether the shock strikes in the North or the South. Second, for a given value of the shock, when borrowing constraints bind in the South, the welfare of the North decreases while the welfare of the South may increase. Third, we characterize which policy interventions are able to generate Pareto improvements. Unconditional debt relief for the South fails to do so. Subsidized governmental loans succeed when Southern governments can commit to repay additional debt. Finally, whether or not Southern governments can commit to repay anything, a Pareto improvement is possible using a combination of conditional debt relief and a tax/subsidy package in the South.
Formation, absorption, and biotransformation of delta 6-lithocholenic acid in humans

delta 6-Lithocholenic acid was identified in small amounts in fecal samples in vitro after incubation with ursodeoxycholic acid and in vivo in controls and after chenodeoxycholic and ursodeoxycholic acid ingestion. Fourteen to 45.0% of delta 6-[24-14C]lithocholenic acid was biotransformed in vitro in feces within 30 s. After colonic instillation of delta 6-[24-14C]lithocholenic acid, 50% of the radioactivity appeared in bile acids, most of it in lithocholic acid, within 3 h. Jejunal perfusions with delta 6-[24-14C]lithocholenic acid showed 33-92% absorption. One hour after jejunal instillation of 1 mmol, 4.4-27.5% of the biliary radioactivity was found in ursodeoxycholic, chenodeoxycholic, lithocholic, and 7-ketolithocholic acids. A sulfated glycine conjugate of delta 6-lithocholenic acid was identified in bile. One hour after intravenous injection of delta 6-[24-14C]lithocholenic acid, 40.1-42.6% of biliary radioactivity appeared in 7-ketolithocholic, chenodeoxycholic, lithocholic/isolithocholic, and ursodeoxycholic acids. The studies show that delta 6-lithocholenic acid is 1) formed in colonic lumen from chenodeoxycholic and ursodeoxycholic acids, 2) well absorbed in small intestine, and 3) biotransformed in both the colonic lumen and liver. The studies also identified delta 6-lithocholenic acid as a new intermediate in formation of lithocholic acid. Finally, the studies showed that a small portion of delta 6-lithocholenic acid is excreted as a sulfated glycine conjugate in bile.
Raised Voices for Justice

The Liberals did not have the same resources as the Conservatives, and had to work with local volunteer help in organizing and fighting political campaigns. After the Reform Bill of 1867 there developed spontaneously, at election times, local volunteer associations to help the Liberal candidates fight their contests. In 1877 the National Liberal Federation was organized to coordinate the efforts of these individual associations. The Federation and its associations created a political organization that reached down into the homes of supporters, or potential supporters.1
Holdase activity of secreted Hsp70 masks amyloid-β42 neurotoxicity in Drosophila

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent of a large group of related proteinopathies for which there is currently no cure. Here, we used Drosophila to explore a strategy to block Aβ42 neurotoxicity through engineering of the Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), a chaperone that has demonstrated neuroprotective activity against several intracellular amyloids. To target its protective activity against extracellular Aβ42, we added a signal peptide to Hsp70. This secreted form of Hsp70 (secHsp70) suppresses Aβ42 neurotoxicity in adult eyes, reduces cell death, protects the structural integrity of adult neurons, alleviates locomotor dysfunction, and extends lifespan. SecHsp70 binding to Aβ42 through its holdase domain is neuroprotective, but its ATPase activity is not required in the extracellular space. Thus, the holdase activity of secHsp70 masks Aβ42 neurotoxicity by promoting the accumulation of nontoxic aggregates. Combined with other approaches, this strategy may contribute to reduce the burden of AD and other extracellular proteinopathies.
Effects of Perspective on Consumers’ Judgment of Marketplace Transgression: An Abstract

Consumer transgression is an emerging field of study within service marketing (Fullerton and Punj 2004; Harris and Reynolds 2004; Jones et al. 2011; Lovelock 1994; Tonglet 2002). Some of the topics that service scholars have examined include contagious effects of consumer transgressions in access-based services such as car sharing (Schaefers et al. forthcoming), territorial behaviors (Griffiths and Gilly 2012), customer rage (Surachartkumtonkun et al. 2014), spectator rage (Grove et al. 2013), employees dealing with dysfunctional customer behavior (Gong et al. 2014; Harris and Reynolds 2003), snubs and betrayals in relationship transgression (Jones et al. 2011), theft (Cox et al. 1993; Tonglet 2002), and consumer retaliation as a response to dissatisfaction (Huefner and Hunt 2000). However, there is scarce research on how consumers view their own misbehavior and how managers could influence consumers’ own view of their misbehavior. In addition, whereas past service literature focuses on identifying the antecedents, consequences, and typologies of consumer transgressions in specific service sectors (Harris and Daunt 2011), studies investigating the cognitive processes underlying customer transgressions remain lacking (Fisk et al. 2010; Schaefers et al. forthcoming). This study fills these gaps in the service literature.
Cluster mislocation in kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect extraction

We investigate the impact of a variety of analysis assumptions that influence cluster identification and location on the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) pairwise momentum signal and covariance estimation. Photometric and spectroscopic galaxy tracers from SDSS, WISE, and DECaLs, spanning redshifts $0.05lzl0.7$, are considered in combination with CMB data from Planck and WMAP. With two complementary techniques, analytic offset modeling and direct comparisons of brightest and central galaxy catalogs selected by the red-sequence matched-filter probabilistic percolation (redMaPPer) algorithm, we find that miscentering uncertainties average to $0.4\ensuremath{-}0.7\ensuremath{\sigma}$ for the Planck kSZ statistical error budget obtained with a jackknife (JK) estimator. We also find that JK covariance estimates are significantly more conservative than those obtained by cosmic microwave background (CMB) rotation methods. Using redMaPPer data, we concurrently compare the impact of photometric redshift errors and miscentering. At separations $l\ensuremath{\sim}50\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{Mpc}$, where the kSZ signal is largest, miscentering uncertainties can be comparable to JK errors, while photometric redshifts are lower but still significant. For the next generation of CMB and large scale structure surveys the statistical and photometric errors will shrink markedly. Our results demonstrate that uncertainties introduced through using galaxy proxies for cluster locations will need to be fully incorporated, and actively mitigated, for the kSZ to reach its full potential as a cosmological constraining tool for dark energy and neutrino physics.
Using Campinha-Bacote's Framework to Examine Cultural Competence from an Interdisciplinary International Service Learning Program

The purpose of this study was to investigate an interdisciplinary international service learning program and its impact on student sense of cultural awareness and competence using the Campinha-Bacote’s (2002) framework of cultural competency model. Seven undergraduate and one graduate student from Human Development and Nutrition Science disciplines participated in the program. Reflections from a synthesis paper post-travel were analyzed using an inductive approach. Six themes emerged from the reflective journals and were applied to Campinha-Bacote’s cultural competency constructs. Participating and learning together while reflecting helped deepen and progress this process for ISL students. Overall, the experience proved to be an effective educational tool for sensitizing students towards cultural competency within interdisciplinary programs.
Teacher Certification in Health Education

(1971). Teacher Certification in Health Education. School Health Review: Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 2-2.
Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, ehrlichiosis: emerging and established challenges for the clinician.

OBJECTIVE The goal of this review is to facilitate the management of patients with tick-associated diseases. This article will discuss the epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, and antimicrobial therapy of Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and ehrlichiosis. DATA SOURCES References are limited to the English language and extend back to the beginning of the twentieth century. The human and veterinary literature were reviewed. Sources include computerized databases and bibliographies of recent articles and books. STUDY SELECTION Papers were selected on the basis of their timeliness, explanation of important findings by major investigators, extrapolation of clinical data from large patient populations, and clarification of controversial issues. Approximately 50% of the articles initially reviewed are included in the bibliography. RESULTS Standardization of laboratory testing for Lyme disease should facilitate more accurate diagnosis in the future. Clinical diagnosis of Rocky Mountain spotted fever and ehrlichiosis prior to laboratory confirmation is necessary in order to ensure timely institution of antimicrobial therapy. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of endemic regions and seasonal cycles of vectors, varying clinical presentations of disease and appropriate utilization of the laboratory are critical for the appropriate diagnosis and management of patients with tick-associated diseases.
Controversies in Psychotherapy Research: Epistemic Differences in Assumptions about Human Psychology

It is the thesis of this paper that differences in philosophical assumptions about the subject matter and treatment methods of psychotherapy have contributed to disagreements about the external validity of empirically supported therapies (ESTs). These differences are evident in the theories that are the basis for both the design and interpretation of recent psychotherapy efficacy studies. The natural science model, as applied to psychotherapy outcome research, transforms the constitutive features of the study subject in a reciprocal manner so that problems, treatments, and indicators of effectiveness are limited to what can be directly observed. Meaning-based approaches to therapy emphasize processes and changes that do not lend themselves to experimental study. Hermeneutic philosophy provides a supplemental model to establishing validity in those instances where outcome indicators do not lend themselves to direct observation and measurement and require "deep" interpretation. Hermeneutics allows for a broadening of psychological study that allows one to establish a form of validity that is applicable when constructs do not refer to things that literally "exist" in nature. From a hermeneutic perspective the changes that occur in meaning-based therapies must be understood and evaluated on the manner in which they are applied to new situations, the logical ordering and harmony of the parts with the theoretical whole, and the capability of convincing experts and patients that the interpretation can stand up against other ways of understanding. Adoption of this approach often is necessary to competently evaluate the effectiveness of meaning-based therapies.
Materials Consumption and Solid Waste

The circular economy represents a powerful new paradigm for materials consumption and solid waste management. Instead of beginning with extraction and ending with waste, the circular economy begins with material already in use, or else material designed for iterative uses, moves through production and consumption, and into waste management, which secures a revived or altered source material, which in turn moves though production and consumption, and so on, over and over again. Achieving significant greenhouse gas reductions in this area requires widespread shifts in production and consumption toward what can be expressed succinctly in a familiar refrain: “reduce, reuse, recycle.” There are a number of legal pathways to achieving emissions reductions through materials consumption and solid waste management. Corporate governance as well as research and development of new materials can play a significant role, and significant advances can be made through regulatory interventions.
CD3/CD19 Depleted Grafts for Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation in Children: Results of a Pilot Study.

Abstract Profound depletion of T and B cells is a fundamental prerequisite for haploidentical transplantation. We present our preliminary results with a direct depletion procedure using antiCD3/antiCD19 coated magnetic microbeads and the CliniMACS™ device. Only patients with high risk malignancies (n=25, most of them had active disease or relapsed after previous trp.) or with nonmalignant diseases and high risk of graft failure (n=2) were included. The diagnoses were: AML/MDS/CML (n=13), ALL(n=6), relapsed Neuroblastoma/Ewing-/Rhabdomyosarcoma (n=6), SAA, PNH (n=2); Remission status: NR=8, 2nd transplantation=10, CR/CP1=3, CR2–4=6. The patients received either TBI or Bu based standard conditioning regimens (n=9) or a toxicity reduced protocol (Flud, TT, Mel, OKT3, MMF, n=18). The grafts comprised a median number of 16x106/kg (7–41) stem cells as well as high amounts of NK-cells (137x106 (9–550)) and monocytes/granulocytes (6x108 (0.6–13)) with 49x103/kg (7–200) residual CD3+ cells and 500 neutrophiles/μl and independence from platelet substitution was 10 and 9 days respectively. Recovery of CD3+ cells was favorable (d90: 320/-l, d180: 600/μl). Acute GvHD grade 0–1 occurred in 74%, 26% had GvHD grade II. Limited chronic GvHD occurred in 4 patients. No transplant related mortality (TRM) and, in particular, no lethal infections were observed. 13/27 patients (49%) were alive with a median follow up of 0.8 years (3 months – 2.1 years). Single cause of death was relapse. Disease status was predictive: 8/9 patients with leukemias and active disease relapsed, whereas only 2/10 patients in CR relapsed. 2/6 patients with solid tumors are alive. Recovery of platelets was faster in patients with CD3/CD19 depleted grafts than in a historical control group of patients (n=53) transplanted with haploidentical positive CD34+ selected standard grafts (23 vs. 9 days, p Conclusions: our preliminary results indicate that CD3/CD19 selected grafts can improve immunoreconstitution and TRM. Engraftment rates similar to that of patients with myeloablative standard conditioning regimens and positive selected stem cells could be achieved, although most patients of the study group received an intensity reduced regimen. However, the outcome was poor in patients with active disease. Thus, further options have to be investigated to increase the potential antileukemic activity of donor derived effector cells.
A Small-signal Sub-synchronous Oscillation Analysis Caused by SVC in Weak-link Power Grid

In several substations of the Central Tibet Linking Project, SVC is used to improve the voltage control features in weak-link power grid. According to electromagnetic transient simulation, improper control parameters of SVC may lead to a novel sub-synchronous oscillation in weak-link power grid. In this work, firstly, a linearized electromagnetic transient model of SVC and power grid is proposed. Secondly, using eigenvalue analysis, this novel sub-synchronous oscillation is proved to be caused by the resonance between SVC and power grids with long transmission lines. Improper control parameter of SVC will decrease damping of the grids’ leading mode. Thirdly, system with 2 SVCs is analyzed by proposed method, showing that multiple SVCs can make the system to be more unstable. Finally, several suggestions are given to suppress the oscillation caused by SVC.
14.20 – Cancer Chemoprevention*

Cancer chemoprevention is the use of natural or synthetic compounds to prevent, suppress, or reverse the development of invasive carcinoma. Thus, the goal of chemoprevention is to reduce the occurrence of cancer by inhibiting or inducing key critical pathways that play a role in the carcinogenesis process. The progression toward invasive cancer is characterized by the accumulation of mutations and increased proliferation. Because carcinogenesis is a multistage process and often has a latency of many years or decades, there is considerable opportunity for intervention. Various studies have shown that chemopreventive agents possess strong cancer-protective properties that might interrupt the carcinogenesis process by interfering at the initiation, promotion, and progression stages of cancer. They might also lead to the modulation of proteins in diverse pathways and require the integration of different signals for the final chemopreventive and/or therapeutic effect. Compounds classified as blocking agents prevent carcinogens from reaching or reacting with critical target sites and suppressing agents prevent the evolution of the neoplastic process. Blocking mechanisms include alteration of drug metabolizing activities and scavenging of reactive oxygen species. Mechanisms that suppress tumorigenesis often involve modulation of signal transduction pathways, leading to altered gene expression, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. In this chapter, we summarize the current knowledge on dietary cancer-chemopreventive compounds, their induction of detoxifying enzymes, and effects on cellular-signaling events.
The Shower's Return: A Serial Essay on the LGBT Title VII Sex Discrimination Cases, Parts I-VI

“The Shower’s Return”--a series of six separately published papers, all combined here--supplies a detailed account of, and engagement with, important aspects of what transpired during the Supreme Court phase of the litigation in the LGBT Title VII sex discrimination cases. It traces the role that anti-trans, anti-gay, and sexist fantasies involving queer intruders in ladies’ showers and locker rooms played in the cases as the cases played out. Through an argument that follows and critically engages these fantasies and the cultural logics that subtend and power them, “The Shower’s Return” provides a deep context for understanding active dangers behind the Supreme Court’s decision in Bostock v. Clayton County, holding that anti-gay and anti-trans discrimination are forms of prohibited sex discrimination under Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act—dangers that may yet, in different ways, return, notwithstanding Bostock’s results.
Risk of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism and Bleeding in Patients with Cancer Associated Thrombosis

Background: The treatment paradigm for cancer associated thrombosis (CAT) has evolved over recent years from using low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Some randomized trials suggest decreased rates of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in CAT patients treated with DOACs compared to LMWH but also reported increased rates of bleeding. The Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Center has been treating cancer thrombosis in a centralized CAT clinic since 2014. Here we report our rates of bleeding and recurrent VTE in cancer patients treated with anticoagulation. Methods: We prospectively followed cancer patients referred to our clinic from 8/2014-10/2019. A total of 1548 patients were referred to the clinic, of whom 462 were diagnosed with an acute VTE. VTE events, including deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and visceral thrombosis, were noted. The comparison of bleeding rates (defined using ISTH criteria for major and clinically relevant non major bleeding, CRNMB) among treatment groups (LMWH vs DOACs) was examined using chi-square test. Rate of recurrent VTE was analyzed using a competing model in which death was treated as a competing risk. Results: The study population comprised 462 patients with acute VTE with a mean age of 62.67±12.23 and 51.8 % males. Of these, 234 (52.9%) received LMWH, 161(36.4%) received DOACs, and 47 (10.6%) received other agents including warfarin for initial anticoagulation. Overall, the 6-month, 1 year, and 2-year VTE recurrence rate was 5.9%, 6.6%, 7.9%, respectively. Recurrent VTE rates were similar for LMWHs, DOACs and other agents (P>0.05). Of 368 patients for whom follow-up data was available, 74 (16.7%) had bleeding event , of which 25 (33.8%) had major bleeding and 49 (66.4%) had CRNMB at 6 month follow-up with no difference across three treatment groups (p=0.56). Conclusion: In this real-world practice setting, rates of recurrent VTE and bleeding were similar for DOACs and LMWH suggesting that with careful patient selection the concern for higher bleeding with DOACs in cancer patients can be safely overcome. Disclosures McCrae: Momenta Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Novartis: Honoraria; Rigel: Consultancy; Dova: Consultancy. Khorana: Merck: Research Funding; Medscape: Honoraria; Leo Pharma: Honoraria; Seattle Genetics: Honoraria; Pharmacyte: Honoraria; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria; Array: Other: Research funding (to institution); Janssen: Honoraria; Bayer: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria; BMS: Honoraria, Research Funding; Leap: Research Funding.
New Data and Methodological Approaches on Aging Research in Mexico and the United States

The last decades have been marked by a considerable increase in the availability of population and health data in Mexico and the United States. Recent datasets, many focused exclusively on older adults, have provided a wealth of data. In addition, methodological advances have been made to better analyze the available data sources. This chapter highlights some of advances in data availability and methodological advances. It also introduces the three papers of this section. They are important examples on how recent data collections have been critical for the expansion of knowledge on health issues in these countries. In particular, these studies draw attention to the similarities and interconnectedness of the Mexican and the U.S. populations. This chapter also emphasizes the need for additional data, such as on smaller geographic units, interventions and their cost-effectiveness. Nonetheless, it is clear that our understanding of the health and wellbeing of the older adults will continue to increase as data became increasingly available.
Staging International Law’s Stories: Kapo in Jerusalem

The Schutzstaffel coerced and enlisted detainees into the administration of the labor and death camps. These detainees were called Kapos. The Kapos constitute a particularly contested element of Holocaust remembrance. Some Kapos deployed their situational authority to ease the conditions of other prisoners, while others acted cruelly and committed abuses. This chapter explores one treatment of the Kapo, this being on stage: Kapo Be’Yerushalaim (Kapo in Jerusalem) (play, 2014 Motti Lerner; Hebrew, translated into English by Roy Isacowitz, derivative of a film of the same title). This chapter considers how this play speaks of victims who victimize others and narrates the pain that results. Recounting the story that this play tells—a very powerful one, forcefully voiced, of law, judgment, suicide, shame, and the deployment of violence to supposedly protect others—serves as a collected ‘picture book’ of the potential and limits of international law.