cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Transfer Over Time: Stories About Transfer Years After Training

The purpose of this qualitative study is to form a grounded theory of the process of long-term transfer. Eight physicians were interviewed to discover if, years later, they had used what they were taught in a faculty development training program. We found that these autonomous professionals continued to apply the teaching ideas they learned. Each, in a personal way, chose to use varied ideas in different ways in several contexts. They applied ideas using intellectual skills such as planning and analyzing. They continued their applications because they perceived supportive work conditions and positive consequences. In sum, over the long term, physicians acquired knowledge and mental skill, chose to use them, and attempted application. They reflected on outcomes, decided to reuse or revise, and tried again. Thus, the process of long-term transfer was learning to use and learning from use. We examine implications for research and training.
APPLICATION OF THE LES METHOD TO THE OSCILLATING FLOW PAST A CIRCULAR CYLINDER

Abstract The oscillating flow of an incompressible fluid over a circular cylinder is investigated by solving the vorticity/stream-function version of the two-dimensional Navier Stokes equations using a finite-difference Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method. Two different subgrid scale (SGS) models are tested. They are the classical Smagorinsky model and Yoshizawa's Two-Scale Direct-Interaction Approximation (TSDIA) model, both of which require the input of constants in the specification of the subgrid scale viscosity. In addition, a solution was obtained with no subgrid scale model for comparison purposes. Yoshizawa's model is based on the combination of Kraichman's Direct Interaction Analysis (1964) with the separation of scales of mean (grid scale) and fluctuating (subgrid scale) fields. This TSDIA model has the length scale as a function of space and time so that it incorporates the effects of local time rate of change and advection of the resolvable field. Both models are applied to the classical problem of an oscillating two-dimensional flow over a circular cylinder at various KC values at β =1035. Calculated lift and in-line force coefficients compare favorably with available experimental data for KC≤2 with the best solutions developed from the Yoshizawa model. The solution for KC>2 demonstrates that the two-dimensional model is inadequate to describe the flow accurately.
The in-vitro block to development and initiation of transcription in early equine embryos

Summary Coculture of early cleavage-stage equine embryos with other cell types, primarily oviductal epithelial cells, can support development to blastocysts in vitro. Embryos cultured in complex medium without cellular support develop at a significantly poorer rate and appear to undergo a developmental block in vitro. In 2 experiments, 1–8-cell embryos (n = 15) were cultured in Ham's F12: Dulbecco's MEM for 5 days or until morphological degeneration occurred. Embryos were assessed for stage of development and quality score on a daily basis. At the end of culture, embryos were stained to determine the number of nuclei present or were fixed and sectioned for evaluation by light microscopy. Additional embryos (n = 8) collected on Days 2–7 after ovulation were labelled with [3H]uridine and incorporation was determined by autoradiography. Of 15 embryos cultured without cellular support, 3 reached the morula stage and the remaining 12 embryos cleaved to the 8–16-cell stage before undergoing morphological degeneration. [3H]uridine was incorporated into embryos at the 8-cell stage or later, but no incorporation was detected in embryos at the 4-cell stage. These results indicate that early equine embryos appear to undergo a developmental block in vitro at the 8–16-cell stage, relief of which is temporally associated with the onset of embryonic transcription.
Treatment of calcinosis with diltiazem.

Objective. To test the hypothesis that the calcium antagonist diltiazem is effective in the treatment of calcinosis. Methods. Diltiazem, 240–480 mg/day, was given to 4 patients with idiopathic or CREST-related (calcinosis, Raynaud'S phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, telangiectasias) calcinosis for 1–12 years. Serial radiographs of the affected areas, using identical technique, and clinical evaluations were obtained. A fifth patient, who did not tolerate diltiazem, received verapamil, 120 mg/day for 18 months. Results. All patients taking diltiazem had a reduction or disappearance of the calcific lesions, with striking clinical improvement. One patient'S case was followed for 12 years. The response to diltiazem during the first 5 years of treatment has been previously reported in detail; however, over 7 years of additional treatment, there was further reduction of the lesions. One patient developed a large calcific lesion while receiving verapamil for hypertension, and after verapamil was replaced with diltiazem, there was a dramatic response. Verapamil was ineffective in the fifth patient, who did not tolerate diltiazem. Conclusion. Long-term treatment with diltiazem, but not verapamil, is effective in calcinosis.
Dapsone — induced methemoglobinemia: an anesthetic risk

Dapsone is used to treat several systemic inflammatory diseases, many of which have head and neck manifestations, such as leprosy, systemic lupus erythematosus, rhinosporidiosis, relapsing polychondritis, dermatitis herpetiformis, pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. It has also been recently used prophylactically alone or in combination against malaria and in AIDS patients against Pneumocystis carinii infections. This is significant to the otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeon since approximately 40% of AIDS patients will have head and neck manifestations. Thus, the likelihood that otolaryngologists will be treating patients who are taking dapsone regularly is significant. We present a case of a 16-year-old female who presented with a presumptive diagnosis of discoid lupus for biopsy confirmation of her disease. Induction of general anesthesia was complicated by methemoglobinemia, an uncommon side effect of dapsone. We will discuss recognition and prevention of this side effect, its potential anesthetic implications, complications and treatment.
Fluid intelligence levels of short- and long-sleeping college students.

As a means of validating E. Hartmann's clinical observations that suggest differences in reasoning ability between habitual short and long sleepers (favoring the latter), the responses of 73 short ...
Expression of bone morphogenetic proteins, receptors, and tissue inhibitors in human fetal, adult, and osteoarthritic articular cartilage

Abstract Coordinate expression of BMPs and their receptors and inhibitors is likely necessary for physiologic BMP regulation and activity. To characterize the expression of such factors in fetal, normal adult, and end-stage osteoarthritic articular cartilage, samples from these sources were analyzed. PCR-amplified sequences (BMPs 1–11), receptors (IA, IB, II), TGF-β 1 , TGF-β 2 , inhibitors noggin and follistatin, CDMP-1, COMP, and GAPDH from cDNAs generated from extracted total RNA were resolved by gel electrophoresis. Protein levels of BMPs 3, 7, and 8 were also analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. RT-PCR revealed that BMPs 1, 2, 4–6, and 11, BMPR-IA and II, noggin, follistatin, CDMP-1, COMP, and GAPDH mRNAs were expressed in similar fashion in both fetal and adult (normal or osteoarthritic) cartilage. BMPs 9 and 10 mRNAs were not expressed in either group. BMPs 7, 8, and BMPR-IB mRNAs were consistently expressed in fetal but not in adult cartilage. BMP-3 mRNA was expressed in fetal and normal adult, but not in osteoarthritic samples. TGF-β 1 was expressed in both adult normal and osteoarthritic, but not fetal, samples. Similarly, Western blotting demonstrated BMPs 7 and 8 to be present in fetal but not in adult samples. BMP-3 protein was present in fetal and adult normal samples, to a lesser extent, but absent in osteoarthritic cartilage.
The Radon-Nikodým property and weighted trees in Banach spaces

It is known that adual Banach space has the Radon-Nikodým Property if and only if it does not have a tree. It is shown that a Banach space has the Radon-Nikodým Property if and only if it does not have a “weighted tree”.
Toxicity of endrin and malathion mixtures to flagfish (Jordanella floridae).

Individual endrin and malathion concentrations and mixtures of the concentrations were tested concurrently with flagfish in both chronic and acute exposures. The joint action of mixtures on mortality in chronic exposures consisted of enhanced effects at the higher concentrations not causing death when the pesticides were tested individually. Chronic effects of mixtures on growth followed a simple additive effects model. Malathion did not alter the endrin effects on egg production, and in a separate test it did not affect the uptake or elimination of endrin. Joint action on mortality in acute exposures occurred at 48 and 72 hr but not at 10 and 24 hr.
Special Feature: Prometheus or Pandora: The Influence of Automation on Society

Even though computer technology may challenge one of man's last and most cherished illusions—that he alone is capable of thought—it can also show him how to live in harmony with nature.
Multiple Sites of Control of Type-1 Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Receptor Levels in the Pituitary

Hypothalamic corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) stimulates pituitary ACTH secretion through interaction with type 1 CRH receptors (CRH-R1), the number of which varies during alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. CRH-R1 are essential for ACTH responses to stress but CRH receptor content in the pituitary does not correlate with corticotroph responsiveness. This indicates that a small number of receptors is sufficient for full ACTH responses probably through post-receptor interaction with vasopressin (VP) signaling. CRH binding and hybridization studies in adrenalectomized, glucocorticoid-treated or stressed rats revealed divergent levels of CRH receptors and CRH-R1 mRNA in the pituitary, with binding reductions but normal or elevated CRH-R1 mRNA levels during alterations of the HPA axis. Western blot analysis of CRH-R1 protein in pituitary membranes from adrenalectomized rats show unchanged CRH-R1 mRNA levels, but reduced CRH binding associated with significant increases in CRH-R1 protein, suggesting that the decrease in binding is due to homologous desensitization and not to reduced receptor synthesis. In contrast, decreased CRH binding following glucocorticoid administration is associated with reduction in CRH-R1 protein suggesting inhibition of CRH-R1 mRNA translation. Regulation of CRH-R1 translation may involve binding of cytosolic proteins, and a minicistron in the 5'UTR of the CRH-R1 mRNA. Post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms allowing rapid changes in CRH receptor activity are important for adaptation of corticotroph responsiveness to continuous change in physiological demand.
Interpretation of Lateral Load Test of Batter Pile Group using High Order Polynomials Curve Fitting

A full-scale lateral load test was conducted on a batter-pile group foundation that supports the M19 eastbound pier of I-10 Twin Span Bridge over Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana, to assess the validity of current methodology used to design pile foundations. The test was conducted by pulling the M19 eastbound and westbound piers toward each other using high strength steel tendons. A maximum of 1870 kips (8318 kN) static lateral load was applied in increments. The tested pile group consists of 24 driven square precast prestressed concrete (PPC), 110 ft. (33.5 m) long and 3 ft. (0.91 m) wide batter piles; among which 8 piles were instrumented with In-Place Inclinometers (IPIs) and 12 piles were instrumented with strain gauges. The batter piles were spaced 4.3 pile width in the direction of lateral loading. A seventh-order polynomial curve fitting method was applied, for each load increment, to fit the measured rotation profiles from the IPI inclinometers. The fitted rotation curves were then used to deduce the bending moment, shear force, and soil reaction profiles based on specific mathematical derivations. The calculated moments from curve fitting were compared with the moments calculated from strain gauges, and the results showed good agreements. The soils’ p-y curves at different depths were also back-calculated from the derived soil reaction profiles. The resulted p-y curves showed no evidence of a group effect.
Maximality theorems for Frechet algebras

The algebra of unbounded holomorphic functions ∩ p≥1 H p (∂D) that is contained in the algebra ∩ p≥1 L p (∂D) is studied. For f in ∩ p≥1 L p (∂D) but not in ∩ p≥1 H p (∂D), we show that the algebra generated by ∩ p≥1 H p (∂D) and f is dense in L p (∂D) for all p > 1.
HRR Radar Signature Database Validation for ATR: An Information Theoretic Approach

The ability to make radar signature databases portable for use within similar sensor systems is critical to the affordability of future airborne signature exploitation systems. The capability to hybridize measured and synthetic signature database components will maximize the impact of the investment required to build complex radar signature databases. Radar target scattering mechanisms can be modeled and the signature signal model analyzed as a random process to enable portability and hybridization. Modal mutual information is developed as a measure of similarity for future use in the comparison of measured field data to modeled synthetic data. The inherent qualities of mutual information to be used in the context of the automatic target recognition problem are demonstrated using synthetic signature sets comprised of both "similar targets" and "dissimilar targets."
On the use of interference suppression to enhance acquisition performance in a CDMA overlay scenario

The coarse acquisition performance of the mobile-to-base station link of a CDMA overlay system for mobile radio is presented. Specifically, a direct sequence spread spectrum CDMA system, supporting communication between mobile units and a base station, is overlaid in frequency on a single narrowband BPSK user. At the CDMA base-station receivers, narrowband interference rejection filters are used to suppress the BPSK interference. It is demonstrated that the presence of the BPSK interference does not severely affect the acquisition performance when the ratio of BPSK bandwidth to CDMA bandwidth is small. As the ratio becomes larger, the acquisition performance degrades, but the use of the interference rejection filter still significantly decreases the time to acquire. We also demonstrate that severe performance degradation results when there is flat Rayleigh fading, both with and without an overlay. When there is a line-of-sight component, of course, performance is much better.
Elementary Science Education Library Resources in Graduate and Undergraduate Teacher Education Programs of New England.

The purpose of this study was to compare elementary science education library resources available in graduate and undergraduate teacher education institutions in New England. A 31-item survey was sent to teacher education institutions certified to prepare elementary teachers. The survey had four components: (1) services (i.e., ERIC, computer search, etc.), (2) journal holdings/science (i.e., Science and Children, Science Education, etc.), and nonscience (i.e., Reading Teacher, Instructor, etc.), (3) resources available (i.e., elementary science textbooks, audio-visual materials, computer software, etc.), and (4) an open-ended question about what major resources were needed to help prepare preservice students to teach science. There was a 72% return rate from the 87 institutions. Data were analyzed by the FREQUENCIES and ONEWAY subprograms of SPSSX. Less than 34% of the non-graduate libraries had ERIC microfiche available, Dissertation Abstracts, and computer search capabilities services. There was significant difference between graduate and nongraduate institutions journal holdings for science education journals and indexes. The surveyed libraries had more elementary science textbooks published prior to 1980 than those published after 1980 and were severely lacking in computer software.
Applications of virtual auditory displays

Current technology makes it possible to simulate naturally-occurring spatial auditory cues quite accurately. However, the cost of such a system is not justifiable, or even desirable, for all applications. This paper surveys some of the applications currently using virtual auditory displays and some of the issues important in the design of virtual auditory displays.
The Equilibrium Structure of Cosmological Halos: From Dwarf Galaxies to X-ray Clusters

A new model for the postcollapse equilibrium structure of virialized objects which condense out of the cosmological background universe is described and compared with observations and simulations of cosmological halos. The model is based upon the assumption that virialized halos are isothermal, which leads to a prediction of a unique nonsingular isothermal sphere for the equilibrium structure, with a core density which is proportional to the mean background density at the epoch of collapse. These predicted nonsingular isothermal spheres are in good agreement with observations of the internal structure of dark{matter{dominated halos from dwarf galaxies to X{ray clusters. Our model also reproduces many of the average properties of halos in CDM simulations to good accuracy, suggesting that it is a useful analytical approximation for halos which form from realistic initial conditions. While N{body simulations nd proles with a central cusp, our nonsingular model matches the simulated halos outside the innermost region well. This model may also be of interest as a description of halos in nonstandard CDM models like self{interacting dark matter, which have been proposed to eliminate the discrepancy between the cuspy halos of standard CDM simulations and observed halos with uniform{density cores.
Lip kinematics in long and short stop and fricative consonants

This paper examines lip and jaw kinematics in the production of labial stop and fricative consonants where the duration of the oral closure/constriction is varied for linguistic purposes. The subjects were speakers of Japanese and Swedish, two languages that have a contrast between short and long consonants. Lip and jaw movements were recorded using a magnetometer system. Based on earlier work showing that the lips are moving at a high velocity at the oral closure, it was hypothesized that speakers could control closure/constriction duration by varying the position of a virtual target for the lips. According to this hypothesis, the peak vertical position of the lower lip during the oral closure/constriction should be higher for the long than for the short consonants. This would result in the lips staying in contact for a longer period. The results show that this is the case for the Japanese subjects and one Swedish subject who produced non-overlapping distributions of closure/constriction duration for the two categories. However, the peak velocity of the lower lip raising movement did not differ between the two categories. Thus if the lip movements in speech are controlled by specifying a virtual target, that control must involve variations in both the position and the timing of the target.
A Decision-Based Velocity Ramp for Minimizing the Effect of Misclassifications During Real-Time Pattern Recognition Control

Real-time pattern recognition control is frequently affected by misclassifications. This study investigated the use of a decision-based velocity ramp that attenuated movement speed after a change in classifier decision. The goal was to improve prosthesis positioning by minimizing the effect of unintended movements. Nonamputee and amputee subjects controlled a prosthesis in real time using pattern recognition. While performing a target achievement test in a virtual environment, subjects had a significantly higher completion rate (p <; 0.05) and a more direct path (p <; 0.05) to the target with the velocity ramp than without it. Using a physical prosthesis, subjects stacked a greater average number of 1-in cubes (p <; 0.05) in 3 min with the velocity ramp than without it (76% more blocks for nonamputees; 89% more blocks for amputees). Real-time control using the velocity ramp also showed significant performance improvements above using majority vote. Eighty-three percent of subjects preferred to control the prosthesis using the velocity ramp. These results suggest that using a decision-based velocity ramp with pattern recognition may improve user performance. Since the velocity ramp is a postprocessing step, it has the potential to be used with a variety of classifiers for many applications.
A qualitative study of the experiences of women with metastatic breast cancer.

Objective:My objective was to investigate the experiences of women diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer.Method:I did a qualitative study based on interview data. Fourteen women with metastatic breast cancer were recruited into a larger study of online support group use. Participants were interviewed by phone.Results:The women indicated that they experience distress because of concerns about body image, declines in aspects of their sexual lives, and worries about the effect of stress on their illness. The stress that worries these women comes from fear of dying, fear of disease progression and debilitation, the loss of their future, and practical concerns. The women were also likely to experience a decline in daily activity after being diagnosed with metastatic disease. They become less active because of the physical symptoms of the illness and the side effects of treatments, the medicalization of their lifestyle, their desire to avoid stressful situations, the constraints imposed by their social world, and the need to maintain disability benefits. Although women are often in need of emotional and material support from others after they are diagnosed, social support can decrease, both because women find it difficult to be open about the difficulties they face and because the responses of others are not adequately supportive. Distress and declines in daily activity and social support can feed into each other to create a vicious circle.Significance of results:This paper makes a significant contribution to the literature by providing a rich description of how metastatic breast cancer affects women. Further research, with more diverse samples, is needed in this understudied area.
Population-Based Analysis of Hematologic Malignancy Referrals to a Comprehensive Cancer Center, Referrals for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, and Participation in Clinical Trial, Survey, and Biospecimen Research by Race

Abstract Racial and ethnic disparities have been reported in clinical trial/research participation, utilization of autologous and allogeneic blood and marrow transplantation (BMT), and availability of allogeneic donors. We performed a population-based cohort study to investigate adult hematologic malignancy referrals to a US tertiary cancer center, utilization of BMT, and participation in clinical trial, survey, and biospecimen research by race. US Census Data and the New York State Public Access Cancer Epidemiology Database identified the racial distribution of the general population and new hematologic malignancy cases in the primary catchment area. From 2005 to 2011, 1106 patients aged 18 to 75 years were referred for BMT consultation; although the rate of BMT among hematologic malignancy referrals did not differ by race, the reasons for not receiving a BMT did. Participation in biospecimen research did not vary by race; however, African Americans and other minorities were significantly less likely to participate in survey research than European Americans. Although rates of hematologic malignancy referrals and use of BMT for minorities appear to be low (
Initializing for bias reduction: some analytical considerations

We are concerned with simulation studies where the simple method of independent replications and classical statistical techniques are used to construct estimates (point and interval) for a steady-state parameter of interest. This paper describes the results of an analytical study on the effectiveness of stochastic initialization, where the initial state of each replication is picked randomly from an initial state distribution, The initial-state distribution is constructed frorn data observed during a "pilot phase". Using an AR(1) process, and assuming a fixed simulation budget, we show that stochastic initialization is effective in reducing bias in the point estimate and increasing coverage of the interval estimate without unduly increasing variance or mean square error.
Institutional Research Productivity, Use of Theory-Driven Research, and Statistical Application in Counseling Psychology: Examining the Research Base

The author reacts to the three core articles in the Scientific Forum of the May 2005 issue of The Counseling Psychologist about institutional research productivity, the use of theory-driven research, and the application of structural equation modeling to research in counseling psychology. To have a research base that maximizes divergent perspectives, the author argues that the literature should have a diverse group of contributors. Ideas regarding how to build theories, how to improve the precision of theories, and how to test theories in counseling psychology are discussed.
Bcl-2–dependent oxidation of pyruvate dehydrogenase-E2, a primary biliary cirrhosis autoantigen, during apoptosis

The close association between autoantibodies against pyruvate dehydrogenase-E2 (PDC-E2), a ubiquitous mitochondrial protein, and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is unexplained. Many autoantigens are selectively modified during apoptosis, which has focused attention on apoptotic cells as a potential source of “neo-antigens” responsible for activating autoreactive lymphocytes. Since increased apoptosis of bile duct epithelial cells (cholangiocytes) is evident in patients with PBC, we evaluated the effect of apoptosis on PDC-E2. Autoantibody recognition of PDC-E2 by immunofluorescence persisted in apoptotic cholangiocytes and appeared unchanged by immunoblot analysis. PDC-E2 was neither cleaved by caspases nor concentrated into surface blebs in apoptotic cells. In other cell types, autoantibody recognition of PDC-E2, as assessed by immunofluorescence, was abrogated after apoptosis, although expression levels of PDC-E2 appeared unchanged when examined by immunoblot analysis. Both overexpression of Bcl-2 and depletion of glutathione before inducing apoptosis prevented this loss of autoantibody recognition, suggesting that glutathiolation, rather than degradation or loss, of PDC-E2 was responsible for the loss of immunofluorescence signal. We postulate that apoptotic cholangiocytes, unlike other apoptotic cell types, are a potential source of immunogenic PDC-E2 in patients with PBC.
Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma metastasis to the external auditory canal with facial nerve paralysis

Abstract Objectives The aim of the study was to present a case of small cell carcinoma arising from the tonsil with metastasis to the external auditory canal (EAC) and associated facial nerve paralysis. Methods This study includes a case report and review of the literature. Conclusions Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma from the head and neck is rarely described and carries a poor prognosis. It often presents with widely metastatic disease. To our knowledge, this is the first case report describing extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma from the tonsil with metastatic disease to the EAC. Irregular lesions in the EAC must be considered suspicious for metastasis in a patient with a history of cancer.
Capecitabine plus Vinorelbine: An active drug combination with evidence of synergy and sequence dependence

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 12-16, 2008; San Diego, CA 2811 Introduction: Capecitabine, (Cap) is a pro-drug of 5 Fluorouracil (5FU) that, via sequential metabolism, delivers intracellular 5FU under the action of thymidine phosphorylase (TP). TP is over-expressed in human tumors and up-regulated by exposure to cytotoxic drugs. Docetaxel & Cap has been studied in breast cancer revealing activity but with toxicity. Vinorelbine (Vin) has a favorable toxicity profile, making it attractive for combination with Cap. We applied a human tumor 1o culture platform (EVA/PCD®) to examine the activity of Vin/Cap in human tumors, including breast, NSCLC & Ovary. Methods: 861 specimens were examined by EVA/PCD®. Using modified Z-score, the activity profile favored breast, followed by NSCLC and Ovary. Synergy analyses by median effect, revealed antagonism in 21%, synergy in 25% and favorable interactions in and additional 47%. Further analyses that compared the metabolic intermediate DFUR (TP substrate) with 5FU revealed superior activity for DFUR over 5FU and evidence of sequence dependence, only for DFUR, favoring Vin or Taxane followed by Cap. Based upon these findings a series of patients have received the Vin/Cap regimen with several durable remissions observed in heavily pre-treated ovarian and uterine cancers.Conclusions: 1) Vin/Cap has activity in several human tumor types. 2) The superior activity for DFUR over 5FU and evidence of sequence dependence for Vin/Taxane sequenced to Cap is consistent with a role for TP up-regulation in these drug combinations. 3) The observed clinical activity in select, drug refractory patients, may offer a well tolerated option in some patients with advanced/recurrent malignancies including gynecologic primaries. 4) Further clinical study of this combination with consideration of pretreatment candidate selection appears warranted.
Ambiguous Information about Interest Rates and Bond Uncertainty Premiums

This paper studies the impact of ambiguous information regarding future interest rates on bond prices. A simple bond-pricing model with ambiguity aversion shows that positive bond uncertainty premiums exist, and the interest rate ambiguity affects the term structure of interest rates and yield volatilities. Consistent with the theory, empirical measures of interest rate ambiguity based on the Survey of Professional Forecasters data significantly predict U.S. Treasury bond returns, explain variation in term spreads and yield volatility, and bond yields asymmetrically respond to good and bad news from the Federal Reserve. Results are robust to alternative empirical specifications and out-of-sample forecasts.
Sensitivity and resistance of Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, Scott A, and UAL500 to nisin.

Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, Scott A, and UAL500 were evaluated for sensitivity to nisin (0 to 50 microgram/ml) using a direct plating method. Nisin (10 microgram/ml) decreased an initial population of L. monocytogenes (10(9) CFU per ml) by 6- to 7-log cycles. Sensitivity to nisin was enhanced by addition of 2% NaCl or by reduction of the medium pH from 6.5 to 5.5 with either hydrochloric or lactic acid. Mutants resistant to 50 microgram/ml nisin were detected at frequencies of 10-6 to 10-8. Nisin-resistant L. monocytogenes mutants should be expected to arise when nisin is used as an antimicrobial in food systems
SERIAL SAMPLING OF MIDREGION PROADRENOMEDULLIN IS PREDICTIVE OF SHORT TERM MORTALITY IN PATIENTS ADMITTED FOR SHORTNESS OF BREATH

Midregion proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) was shown to predict 90-day mortality in shortness of breath in the BACH (Biomarkers in Acute Heart Failure) study. Recent studies have demonstrated that serial measurement of MR-proADM, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) may
Age related serum cholesterol, glucose, and total bilirubin concentrations of female dairy cattle.

SummarySerum cholesterol, glucose, and total bilirubin concentrations were determined for female holstein and guernsey cattle ranging from 1 month to 16 years of age. Serum cholesterol increased during the first 3 years of life and decreased thereafter. Serum glucose decreased during the first 5 years of age and remained stable thereafter. Serum total bilirubin increased with advancing age.
Latent hypersensitivity to pentobarbital in the rat.

SummaryRats receiving a fixed anesthetic dose of pentobarbital developed hypersensitivity to the drug 28 days following tolerance induction. This delayed increase in sleeping time was non-significant in the male, but significant in the female animal (P = 0.05). Tolerant female rats showed an increase in liver weight (as % body weight) and an enhanced rate of disappearance of barbiturate from blood. Hypersensitive female rats failed to exhibit a significant change either in liver weight on in rate of decrease of barbiturate blood level compared to naive animals. Delayed hypersensitivity to pentobarbital in the female rat appears, therefore, to be unrelated to alternations in hepatic metabolizing enzyme activity.
Clinical Pharmacist Team-Based Care in a Safety Net Medical Home: Facilitators and Barriers to Chronic Care Management

Collaborative care models incorporating pharmacists have been shown to improve quality of care for patients with hypertension and/or diabetes. Little is known about how to integrate such services outside of clinical trials. The authors implemented a 22-month observational study to evaluate pharmacy collaborative care for hypertension and diabetes in a safety net medical home that incorporated population risk stratification, clinical decision support, and medication dose adjustment protocols. Patients in the pharmacy group saw their primary care provider (PCP) more often and had higher baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and A1c levels compared to patients who only received care from their PCPs. There were no significant differences in the proportion of patients achieving treatment goals (SBP <140, DBP <90; A1c < 8) or the magnitude of change in BP or A1c among patients who underwent collaborative care versus those who did not. Age, race, and number of PCP encounters were associated with BP and A1c trends. The median time to achieve disease control was longer in the pharmacy group. Although 70% of all patients with poorly controlled hypertension achieved treatment goals within 7 months, less than 50% of patients with poorly controlled diabetes achieved A1c < 8 within 15 months, suggesting that diabetes was harder to manage overall. Contextual factors that facilitated or hindered practice redesign included organizational culture, health information technology and related workflows, and pharmacy caseload optimization. Future studies should further examine implementation strategies that work best in specific settings to optimize the benefits of team-based care with clinical pharmacists.
Avian Influenza Surveillance Analysis in Occupational Exposed Population and Evironment in Chuxiong State in 2011

Objective To understand the pollution of avian influenza in occupational exposed population and external environment of Yunnan.Methods Total of 400 specimens from occupational exposed population were detected by horse erythrocyte HI for H5N1 antibodies to influenza.Total of 480 environment specimens were detected by PCR assay of FluA,AH5,AH9,AN1 and AN2 subtypes.Results 400 specimens from occupational exposed population test results were negative.9 specimens were positive to FluA 9(positive rate 1.88%),AH5 subtype positive 3(0.63%),AH9 subtype positive 5(1.04%)of all external environment specimens.Conclusions Part of the live bird markets are polluted by high pathogenic avian influenza in Yunnan province,and occupational exposed population should take personal protective measures to reduce the infection opportunities.
RESEARCH OF THE CALCULATING METHOD OF GEOLOGIC RESERVES AND DEFINING BLOCK AREA

The paper mainly discusses a method of calculating oil-bearing area based on block boundary characters calculated by geological reserves. The key technique of the method is to make full use of the information from the present oil prospecting and exploitation database and to calculate the coordinates of the acmes of the block boundary according to reserves and block area and reserves with computer. The method resolved the defects caused by common methods with planimeter on calculating area, which produce low precision and require complicated operations and much workload. The method with high automation degree in the course of defining area has been widely used and spread in production at present for its convenience, flexibility and practice.
Prospective Changes in Healthy Lifestyle Among Midlife Women: When Psychological Symptoms Get in the Way.

Introduction Anxiety and depression are linked to increased risk of cardiometabolic disease and mortality, and unhealthy behaviors may be the key mechanisms underlying these associations. Although higher levels of psychological symptoms are associated with individual unhealthy behaviors (e.g., physical activity, smoking), their roles in overall lifestyle remain understudied. Methods Midlife women ( n =55,395) from the cohort Nurses' Health Study reported anxiety and depression symptoms in 1988 and 1992, respectively. Health behaviors (i.e., physical inactivity, BMI, diet, and alcohol and tobacco consumption) were measured in self-administered questionnaires in 1988 or 1992, and every 4 years until the last assessment available (2010; follow-up, 18–22 years). Data were analyzed in 2014–2015. Women were categorized according to initial level of psychological symptoms (e.g., lower versus higher anxiety symptoms). Results Despite slight improvements in healthy lifestyle over time among women with higher versus lower anxiety (β interaction =0.002, 95% CI=0.001, 0.003), those experiencing more severe symptoms had a consistently less healthy lifestyle over time ( p pooled =−0.09, 95% CI=−0.09, −0.08). Women with higher versus lower anxiety symptoms also had decreased odds of having a healthy lifestyle in 2010 (AOR=0.78, 95% CI=0.75, 0.81), particularly among women with an initially unhealthy lifestyle ( p interaction ≤0.0001). Comparable patterns were observed with depression symptoms. Conclusions Among midlife women, anxiety and depression symptoms were associated with unhealthier lifestyle throughout follow-up and reduced odds of having a healthy lifestyle 20 years later. Treating psychological symptoms may promote healthier lifestyles.
Early Sentence Productions of 5-Year-Old Children Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication:

Purpose This study investigated the early rule-based sentence productions of 3- and 4-year-old children with severe speech disorders who used single-meaning graphic symbols to communicate. Method T...
Deciding how many embryos to transfer: ongoing challenges and dilemmas.

Despite the risks associated with twin and higher-order multiple births, and calls in many countries for single-embryo transfer as the standard of care for good-prognosis patients, providers frequently transfer additional embryos, raising critical questions as to why this is the case and what can be done about it. In-depth interviews of approximately 1 h each were conducted with 27 IVF providers (17 physicians and 10 other healthcare providers) and 10 patients. Professional guidelines often contain flexibility and ambiguities or are unenforced. Thus, both providers and patients frequently wrestle with several dilemmas. Decisions about the number of embryos to transfer emerge as dyadic, dynamic and affected by several factors (e.g., providers’ type of institution, and personal and professional experiences and perceptions of the data), leading to differences in whether, how and with what effectiveness clinicians address these issues with patients. Many clinicians feel that the evidence concerning the apparent increased risk associated with a twin birth is not ‘compelling’, and patients frequently minimize the hazards. These data, the first to explore several critical aspects of how providers and patients view and make decisions about the number of embryos to transfer, thus highlight tensions, uncertainties and challenges that providers and patients confront, and have key implications for future practice, research, policy and education.
A calpain inhibitor ameliorates seizure burden in an experimental model of temporal lobe epilepsy

In this study, we used the pilocarpine model of epilepsy to evaluate the involvement of calpain dysregulation on epileptogenesis. Detection of spectrin breakdown products (SBDPs, a hallmark of calpain activation) after induction of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) and before appearance of spontaneous seizure suggested the existence of sustained calpain activation during epileptogenesis. Acute treatment with a cell permeable inhibitor of calpain, MDL-28170, resulted in a partial but significant reduction on seizure burden. The reduction on seizure burden was associated with a limited reduction on the generation of SBDPs but was correlated with a reduction in astrocytosis, microglia activation and cell sprouting. Together, these observations provide evidence for the role of calpain in epileptogenesis. In addition, provide proof-of-principle for the use of calpain inhibitors as a novel strategy to prevent epileptic seizures and its associated pathologies.
Behind the App: How Developers are Operating, Scaling and Measuring Success

This diversity in the app industry makes it difficult for companies to benchmark themselves against one another and little research has been published that provides meaningful information on performance and operations. To address this issue, this report provides insights on app performance, user management, and business operations for consumer-facing app publishers.
Do You Mean What You Say? Recognizing Emotions in Spontaneous Speech

Emotions when explicitly demonstrated by an actor are easy for a machine to recognize by analyzing their speech. However in case of day to day, naturally spoken spontaneous speech it is not easy for machines to identify the expressed emotion even though emotion of the speaker are embedded in their speech. One of the main reasons for this is that people, especially non-actors, do not explicitly demonstrate their emotion when they speak, thus making it difficult to recognize the emotion embedded in their spoken speech. In this paper, based on some of our previous published work (example, Chakraborty et al. in Proceedings of the 20th International Conference KES-2016 96:587–596, 2016 [1], Chakraborty et al. in TENCON 2015—2015 IEEE Region 10 Conference 1–5, 2015 [2], Chakraborty et al. in PACLIC, 2016 [3], Pandharipande and Kopparapu in TENCON 2015—2015 IEEE Region 10 Conference 1–4, 2015 [4], Kopparapu in Non-Linguistic Analysis of Call Center Conversations, 2014 [5], Pandharipande and Kopparapu in ECTI Trans Comput Inf Technol 7(2):146–155, 2013 [6], Chakraborty and Kopparapu in 2016 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo Workshops, 1–6, 2016 [7]) we identify the challenges in recognizing emotions in spontaneous speech and suggest a framework that can assist in determining the emotions expressed in spontaneous speech.
The Enduring Value of Research in Medical Education

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) relies on scientific data to guide diagnosis and treatment and is recognized as the current paradigm in medicine. Accordingly, every current and future physician should be knowledgeable about its principles and methodologies. Embracing research and EBM is essential to modern clinical practice; however, trainees and physicians still struggle with the value of research-related courses and knowledge on epidemiology and research methodology is often poor. In this article we provide a cogent discussion of the importance of research as an indispensable discipline in medical education through a detailed analysis of the literature. We review the evolution of medicine towards EBM and discuss the myriad of benefits that research has on medical careers, leadership roles, mentoring relationships, social networking, and personal growth and development. Participation in research contributes to medicine, public health, and society while simultaneously allowing the achievement of a high level of personal satisfaction.
A new algorithm to estimate monotone nonparametric link functions and a comparison with parametric approach

The generalized linear model (GLM) is a class of regression models where the means of the response variables and the linear predictors are joined through a link function. Standard GLM assumes the link function is fixed, and one can form more flexible GLM by either estimating the flexible link function from a parametric family of link functions or estimating it nonparametically. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm that uses P-spline for nonparametrically estimating the link function which is guaranteed to be monotone. It is equivalent to fit the generalized single index model with monotonicity constraint. We also conduct extensive simulation studies to compare our nonparametric approach for estimating link function with various parametric approaches, including traditional logit, probit and robit link functions, and two recently developed link functions, the generalized extreme value link and the symmetric power logit link. The simulation study shows that the link function estimated nonparametrically by our proposed algorithm performs well under a wide range of different true link functions and outperforms parametric approaches when they are misspecified. A real data example is used to illustrate the results.
Transport Properties and Device Prospects of Ultrathin Black Phosphorus on Hexagonal Boron Nitride

Black phosphorus (BP) has re-emerged as a promising layered material with significant potential for future nanoelectronic applications. Several recent studies have demonstrated an improvement in the transport properties of BP channels when insulated from SiO2 substrates using hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) (or when fully encapsulated). This improvement is typically characterized using extractions of mobility based on the empirical relationship between conductivity and carrier density. However, this does not provide insight into the transport mechanisms, nor it allows accounting for differences in intrinsic (e.g., bandgap and effective mass) and extrinsic (e.g., trap density/distribution and Schottky barrier heights) properties in the analysis. Here, we present a modeling approach for Schottky-barrier MOSFETs with low-dimensional channel materials based on the Landauer theory. To analyze transport improvement in hBN-insulated BP channels we fabricate and measure BP Schottky-barrier-MOSFETs with and without the hBN insulating layer. Our analysis demonstrates ~80% improvement in low-field effective channel mobility and an (energy averaged) scattering mean free path that is >5 times larger for BP devices with an underlying hBN layer compared to devices with BP directly on SiO2.
Performing Bandung: China’s dance diplomacy with India, Indonesia, and Burma, 1953–1962

ABSTRACTWhile dance was a common element of international diplomacy activities around the world during the 1950s and early 1960s, scholars have only recently begun to focus attention on this topic, especially as it concerns relationships forged beyond those of the Cold War superpowers. Using previously unexamined historical materials such as rare photographs and performance programs, dancer biographies, autobiographies and personal interviews, unpublished institutional histories, and contemporary periodicals, this article demonstrates not only that dance was an integral part of China’s inter-Asian cultural exchange between 1953 and 1962, but also that the PRC developed a distinct approach to dance diplomacy. Through a series of exchanges with India, Indonesia and Burma, China’s foreign ministers and dancers developed and refined a method of dance diplomacy in which the primary goal was to learn from, rather than export to, these neighboring countries. This approach harnessed the affective power of embodie...
A study of the anatomic distribution of brain metastases in HER2+ breast cancer: Implications for hippocampal avoidance PCI.

e11578 Background: While only 20% of all breast cancer is HER2+, it represents a disproportionate majority of breast cancer brain metastases, and up to half of these patients will die of CNS diseas...