cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Assessing hospital nursing staff retention and turnover. A life table approach.

This research applied the life table technique to nursing personnel data in two types of hospitals to illustrate how administrators can examine patterns of continued employment. Although a large proportion of nurses were short-stay employees, the teaching hospital was found to have a higher retention rate than the community hospital corporation. The retention patterns are examined by personal and professional characteristics, as well as by reason for termination. Implications of our findings are discussed with respect to policy concerns related to hiring, retention, productivitv, and staff development.
Reclamation of potato land flooded by salt water

From the two flood situations discussed, the information compiled leads to the conclusion that potatoes may be grown successfully on land flooded with salt water if the salt content is below 1000 parts per million (0.10 per cent) at time of planting and normal rainfall occurs throughout the season. The recommendations for reclamation have also demonstrated their value in helping to bring back normal conditions. It may be pointed out also that the electrical bridge has proved its usefulness in an emergency of this kind where rapid rather than highly accurate results are desired. It may be further pointed out that although a potato crop may be grown on land that has been salted below the limits stated, yet it is possible that the quality may be impaired, but no evidence of such an effect has been reported.
PlaneView3D: an online graphics visualization tool

Courses in computer graphics cover a wide range of topics requiring visual aids. Often these aids play a key role in student learning since visual perception is important in understanding computer graphics concepts and algorithms. In the past, instructors have been limited to visualization tools such as freehand drawings, videos, tinker toy models, and paper. While these tools are effective, they are often time consuming and/or difficult to use in the classroom environment. With the development of the Internet, the diversity of teaching aids available to graphics educators has increased dramatically. PlaneView3D is an online visualization tool developed for displaying planar geometric projections and for exploring the synthetic camera model.
Heat conduction through a DNA-gold composite.

This paper reports results from electrical and thermal conduction measurements carried out on the DNA−gold composite for which the overall conduction is shown to be dominated by the DNA rather than the discontinuous gold coatings. The electrical and thermal conductivities of the composite were about 14 S/cm and 150 W/(m K) at room temperature, respectively. The resulting value of 3.6 × 10−4 W Ω/K2 for the Lorentz number indicates that thermal transport in the DNA is phonon-dominated and that the molecular vibrations play a key role in both electrical and thermal conduction processes of DNA molecules.
Regional Heterogeneity of Human Myocardial Infarcts Demonstrated by Contrast-Enhanced MRI Potential Mechanisms

Background Myocardial reperfusion is pivotal to the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction. In these patients, coronary flow is generally assessed by angiography and tissue perfusion by tracer scintigraphy. This study was designed to examine whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides information on myocardial perfusion and damage beyond that supplied by angiography and thallium scintigraphy after acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Results Twenty-two patients with recent myocardial infarction had ECG, echocardiography, coronary angiography, and fast contrast-enhanced MRI. Twelve patients also had exercise thallium scintigraphy. Time-intensity curves obtained from infarcted and noninfarcted regions were correlated with coronary anatomy and left ventricular function. Two perfusion patterns were observed in infarcted regions by comparison with the normal myocardial pattern. All patients but 1 had persistent myocardial hyperenhancement within the infarcted region up to 10 minutes a...
Preplanned recovery with redundant multicast trees in optical networks

In this paper, we investigate the problem of Preplanned Recovery with Redundant Multicast Trees (PRRMT) in optical networks. The redundant trees ensure the source node remains connected to all destination nodes for a multicast session request under single edge failures. Our objective is to minimize the total number of links used for both trees. We formulate PRRMT as an integer linear program (ILP), and also develop a heuristic algorithm. The ILP approach and heuristic algorithm are experimentally evaluated on 14-node NSFNET and 21-node Italian network. Experimental results show that: (1) ILP approach leads to optimal solutions but requires prohibitively long time, (2) Our heuristic algorithm yields optimal or near-optimal results in very short time, and (3) The edge-disjoint trees can protect the transmission for an edge failure.
Integrating novel agents into the curative treatment of head and neck cancer.

Curative treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) continues to represent a significant therapeutic challenge. Patients often present with locally advanced disease and many ...
Feasibility testing for the on-site bioremediation of organic wastes by native microbial consortia

Abstract Microbial consortia capable of degrading chlorinated hydrocarbons and organic solvents may exist in many contaminated sediments. These native microbial communities with the capability to bioremediate toxicants on-site may prove to be a resource during remediation efforts. For this study, microbial consortia capable of degrading trichloroethylene (TCE) and mixtures of chlorinated and aromatic toxicants were enriched from contaminated sediments and the feasibility of their participation in on-site bioremediation was examined. Batch studies were used to monitor changes in the microbial community structure by monitoring signature fatty acid biomarker trends during TCE degradation. Experimental bioreactors, which utilized sand as a support matrix for the microbial community, were constructed to study TCE and organic mixed waste degradation. In continuously recycled expanded-bed bioreactors and a single-pass packed-bed reactor, mixtures of organic wastes were degraded including: benzene, xylene, toluene, tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, dichloroethylenes and vinyl chloride. Degradation proceeded to >99% depletion for many contaminants. Bioreactors were stable over an 18-month period of operation while using propane or methane plus propane as energy sources and oxygen as the electron acceptor. Biodegradation was most efficient when the bioreactors were pulsed-fed, maintaing the consortia in suboptimal conditions. For the single-pass packed-bed reactor, metabolic efficiencies of 20–70 μmol substrate per μmol TCE degraded were observed for pulse-feeding regimes while continuous substrate availability experiments required >180 μmol substrate per μmol TCE. Continuous feeding experiments utilizing mixtures of organic wastes showed metabolic efficiencies of 83–240 μmol substrate utilization per μmol total organic wastes degraded. These results demonstrated efficient and simultaneous degradation of organic solvents and chlorinated hydrocarbons by environmentally derived microorganisms in laboratory reactors.
Lunar phobia in a neotropical fruit bat, Artibevs jamaicensis (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

Abstract A radio-tracking study of the foraging behaviour of the Jamaican fruit bat ( Artibeus jamaicensis ) in a Panamanian forest revealed that searching and feeding flights were timed as if to minimize flying in bright moonlight. On nights 1 week before and after the new moon, foraging activity was continuous from dark to dawn. In contrast, on nights 1 week before and after the full moon radio-tagged individuals interrupted their feeding activity to return to their day roosts for the 1 to 7 h of the night when the moon was highest, even on nights when the moon was obscured by heavy clouds. Long flights in search of new fruit trees were observed only during the new moon half of the lunar month. Lunar phobia may have both endogenous and exogenous components that evolved to reduce losses to visually orientated predators.
Response to alcohol in women: Role of the menstrual cycle and a family history of alcoholism

The present study determined whether: (1) the response to alcohol varied as a function of menstrual cycle phase and (2) women with a paternal history of alcoholism (FHP) were less sensitive to the effects of alcohol compared to women without a family history of alcoholism (FHN). The behavioral effects of alcohol (0.00, 0.25, and 0.75 g/kg) were evaluated in 21 FHN and 24 FHP women; each dose was tested during both the midfollicular and late luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Baseline negative mood was increased during the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase (increased Beck Depression scores and decreased Vigor, Arousal, and Friendly scores). Alcohol increased ratings of Drug Liking and Good Drug Effect more in the luteal phase than the follicular phase. FHP women had greater negative mood during the luteal phase and some of these dysphoric effects were increased by alcohol more in FHP women than FHN women. Alcohol impaired performance, with no group or menstrual cycle differences. However, consistent with previous studies, FHP women were less impaired by alcohol than FHN women on the balance task. These data indicate that (1) the differences in response to alcohol across the menstrual cycle are subtle, although alcohol is liked more during the luteal phase; (2) increases in dysphoric mood during the luteal phase are more pronounced in FHP women compared to FHN women, particularly after alcohol; and (3) the differences observed in response to alcohol between FHP and FHN women are less pronounced than previously shown in men.
Large-scale relativistic correlation calculations: Levels of Pr+3.

The multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock program GRASP has been modified for large-scale, relativistic correlation studies requiring wave-function expansions with several thousand configuration state functions. As a test case, the program was used to study the effects of relativistic correlation on the levels of Pr{sup +3}. Our results are in reasonable agreement with experimental data, the lower {sup 3}{ital H} and {sup 3}{ital F} levels being in good agreement. The previously controversial {sup 1}{ital S}{sub 0} term is confirmed by theory for the first time.
A biophysical model for defibrillation of cardiac tissue

We propose a new model for electrical activity of cardiac tissue that incorporates the effects of cellular microstructure. As such, this model provides insight into the mechanism of direct stimulation and defibrillation of cardiac tissue after injection of large currents. To illustrate the usefulness of the model, numerical stimulations are used to show the difference between successful and unsuccessful defibrillation of large pieces of tissue.
Identification of Anaerobic Selenate-Respiring Bacteria from Aquatic Sediments

The diversity population of microorganisms with the capability to use selenate as a terminal electron acceptor, reducing it to selenite and elemental selenium by the process known as dissimilatory selenate reduction, is largely unknown. The overall objective of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of anaerobic biotransformation of selenium in the environment, particularly anaerobic respiration, and to characterize the microorganisms catalyzing this process. Here, we demonstrate the isolation and characterization of four novel anaerobic dissimilatory selenate-respiring bacteria enriched from a variety of sources, including sediments from three different water bodies in Chennai, India, and a tidal estuary in New Jersey. Strains S5 and S7 from India, strain KM from the Meadowlands, NJ, and strain pn1, categorized as a laboratory contaminant, were all phylogenetically distinct, belonging to various phyla in the bacterial domain. The 16S rRNA gene sequence shows that strain S5 constitutes a new genus belonging to Chrysiogenetes, while strain S7 belongs to the Deferribacteres, with greater than 98% 16S rRNA gene similarity to Geovibrio ferrireducens. Strain KM is related to Malonomonas rubra, Pelobacter acidigallici, and Desulfuromusa spp., with 96 to 97% 16S rRNA gene similarity. Strain pn1 is 99% similar to Pseudomonas stutzeri. Strains S5, S7, and KM are obligately anaerobic selenate-respiring microorganisms, while strain pn1 is facultatively anaerobic. Besides respiring selenate, all these strains also respire nitrate.
Disturbances in cardiac mechanism of several hours' duration complicating cardiac venous catheterization.

Abstract 1. 1. As a complication of 110 venous catheterizations of the right side of the heart in 106 human subjects, the following disturbances in cardiac mechanism were found following withdrawal of the catheter:right bundle branch block in seven cases, auricular fibrillation in one case, and frequent ventricular premature contractions in one case. 2. 2. In each of eight cases where follow-up electrocardiograms were made, the arrhythmia disappeared within twelve hours. 3. 3. In these instances, arrhythmia developed as often in normal as in diseased hearts. 4. 4. A study of our cases and those reported in the literature indicates that if the induced arrhythmias following catheterization of the heart are not fatal, they may usually be expected to disappear within twelve hours.
Primary genitourinary melanoma.

Abstract Objectives. To describe the presentation, management, and clinical outcome of patients with genitourinary melanoma. Methods. We identified 14 patients with genitourinary melanoma treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York and Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii. The presentation, surgical treatment, disease progression, and outcome of these patients were reviewed. Survival was analyzed, using the Kaplan-Meier product limit method. Results. The presentation and management of patients with genitourinary melanoma were varied. Overall, the prognosis was poor, with a median survival of 43 months, and only 3 patients were alive, without disease, at last follow-up. Our findings confirm a poor prognosis in patients with this rare disease. Conclusions. Genitourinary melanoma is a rare form of the disease with an unfavorable clinical outcome. Less than one third of patients survive long term, although patients with scrotal melanomas may have a better prognosis.
Temperature Dependence of Normal Modes in a Nematic Liquid Crystal

We have measured the temperature dependence of the intensity and spectrum of light scattered by fluctuations in the nematic phase of $p$-methoxy-benzylidene $p\ensuremath{-}n$-butylaniline. Our measurements are interpreted using two phenomenological theories of nematic liquid crystals.
Activated IGF-1R inhibits hyperglycemia-induced DNA damage and promotes DNA repair by homologous recombination

The IGF-1R is a genetic determinant of oxidative stress and longevity. Hyperglycemia induces an exponential increase in the production of a key danger signal, reactive oxygen intermediates, which target genomic DNA. Here, we report for the first time that ligand activation of the IGF-1R prevents hyperglycemia-induced genotoxic stress and enhances DNA repair, maintaining genomic integrity and cell viability. We performed single gel electrophoresis (comet assay) to evaluate DNA damage in serum-starved SV40 murine mesangial cells (MMC) and normal human mesangial cells (NHMC), maintained at high ambient glucose concentration. Hyperglycemia inflicted an impressive array of DNA damage in the form of single-strand breaks (SSBs) and double-strand breaks (DSBs). The inclusion of IGF-1 to culture media of MMC and NHMC prevented hyperglycemia-induced DNA damage. To determine whether DNA damage was mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), ROS generation was evaluated, in the presence of IGF-1, or the free radical scavenger n-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). IGF-1 and NAC inhibited hyperglycemic-induced ROS production and hyperglycemia-induced DNA damage. We next asked whether IGF-1 promotes the repair of DSB under hyperglycemic conditions, by homologous recombination (HRR) or nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). Repair of DSB by NHEJ and HRR was operative in MMC maintained under hyperglycemic conditions. IGF-1 increased HRR by nearly twofold, whereas IGF-1 did not affect DNA repair by NHEJ. IGF-1R enhancement of HRR correlated with the translocation of Rad51 to foci of DNA damage. Inhibition of Rad51 expression by short interfering RNA experiments markedly decreased percentage of MMC positive for Rad51 nuclear foci and increased hyperglycemic DNA damage. We conclude that the activated IGF-1R rescues mesangial cells from hyperglycemia-induced danger signals that target genomic DNA by suppressing ROS and enhancing DNA repair by HRR.
Utilizing different ratios of alfalfa and layer ration for molt induction and performance in commercial laying hens

Molting is a common practice used by the commercial egg industry to rejuvenate flocks for a second or third laying cycle. During this time the hens rest from production, and the reproductive organs are rejuvenated to increase production and quality during the next laying cycle. Although feed withdrawal (FW) is the most popular and effective method of molt induction, it has come under scrutiny due to food safety issues and animal welfare issues. This study involved feeding alfalfa mixed with layer ration at different ratios to hens to determine their ability to induce molt. The treatment ratios were 100% alfalfa (A100), 90% alfalfa and 10% layer ration (A90), and 70% alfalfa and 30% layer ration (A70). In addition, a fully fed (FF) nonmolted control and a FW negative control were used. Alfalfa is an insoluble, high fiber feedstuff with low metabolizable energy. Egg production for A90 and FW treatments ceased completely by d 6, whereas birds fed A100 and A70 ceased egg production by d 8. Ovary and oviduct weight of hens fed all molting diets decreased (P < 0.05) by an average of 1.5 to 2.5% (BW basis) compared with FF control during the 9-d molt induction period. As the percentage of layer ration increased, feed intake also increased and percentage of BW loss decreased during the 9-d molt induction period. Hens molted by FW lost an average of 25.8% BW, whereas A70 hens lost 18.9% BW. Nonmolted hens (FF) and A70 treatment hens had significantly lower (P < 0.05) egg production when compared with all other treatments over the 39-wk postmolt period. FF treatment hens also had lower (P < 0.05) albumen heights when compared with all other treatments. From these results, alfalfa or alfalfa mixed with layer ration appears to be viable alternatives to conventional FW methods for the successful induction of molt and retention of postmolt performance.
Practicality of accelerometer side channels on smartphones

Modern smartphones are equipped with a plethora of sensors that enable a wide range of interactions, but some of these sensors can be employed as a side channel to surreptitiously learn about user input. In this paper, we show that the accelerometer sensor can also be employed as a high-bandwidth side channel; particularly, we demonstrate how to use the accelerometer sensor to learn user tap- and gesture-based input as required to unlock smartphones using a PIN/password or Android's graphical password pattern. Using data collected from a diverse group of 24 users in controlled (while sitting) and uncontrolled (while walking) settings, we develop sample rate independent features for accelerometer readings based on signal processing and polynomial fitting techniques. In controlled settings, our prediction model can on average classify the PIN entered 43% of the time and pattern 73% of the time within 5 attempts when selecting from a test set of 50 PINs and 50 patterns. In uncontrolled settings, while users are walking, our model can still classify 20% of the PINs and 40% of the patterns within 5 attempts. We additionally explore the possibility of constructing an accelerometer-reading-to-input dictionary and find that such dictionaries would be greatly challenged by movement-noise and cross-user training.
Depolarization of EM waves by slightly rough surfaces

Depolarization is obtained for the scattering of electromagnetic waves from a slightly rough surface using Rice's theory. In the plane of incidence, depolarization is a second-order effect. The results are applied to backscattering from a slightly rough sea using the Neumann spectrum for a fully developed sea. The expression for the depolarized scattered power is of the form obtained in multiple scattering investigations. Therefore, it can be inferred that depolarization from slightly rough surfaces is due to multiple scattering. For the sea, depolarization increases with wind speed and with the magnitude of the complex dielectric constant of the surface.
Refractive change in pediatric pseudophakia: 6-year follow-up.

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the long-term evolution of refractive error changes in eyes of children who have primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation to allow more accurate prediction of what IOL power should be implanted at a given age. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Methods: This study comprised all children between 2 and 15 years of age who had posterior chamber IOL implantation and who were followed for a minimum of 4 years postoperatively. Thirty-eight eyes of 27 patients with a mean follow-up of 6.1 years were evaluated. All refractions were performed manually by an experienced pediatric ophthalmologist. Results: Children operated on at age 2 or 3 years had a mean myopic shift of 4.60 diopters (D) (range 0.50 to 10.75 D) over a mean of 5.8 years postoperatively. Children operated on at age 6 or 7 years had a mean myopic shift of 2.68 D (range 0.50 to 6.60 D) over a mean of 5.3 years. Children operated on at age 8 or 9 years had a mean myopic shift of 1.25 D (range −0.75 to 2.60 D) over a mean of 6.8 years. Patients operated on between ages 10 and 15 years had a mean shift of 0.61 D (range 0 to 1.90 D) over a mean of 5.7 years. Conclusions: The mean rate of myopic shift decreased throughout childhood, and the range of shift among individuals narrowed as patient age increased. However, the ability to predict future myopic shift for a given individual remains difficult, especially in younger patients.
Stroke and the American Presidency

Eight past presidents of the United States have suffered at least one stroke: John Quincy Adams, John Tyler, Millard Fillmore, Andrew Johnson, Chester Arthur, Woodrow Wilson, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and Richard Milhous Nixon. Survival from time of last stroke was greater than one month in only President John Tyler. Nixon represents the first president to be on scientifically validated prophylaxis (warfarin). He was also the first president to be considered for a controlled therapeutic trial in acute stroke and the first to have had an advanced directive regarding terminal care.
Neurobiology of Sociability

Sociability consists of behaviors that bring animals together and those that keep animals apart. Remarkably, while the neural circuitry that regulates these two ”faces“ of sociability differ from one another, two neurohormones, oxytocin (Oxt) and vasopressin (Avp), have been consistently implicated in the regulation of both. In this chapter the the structure and function of the Oxt and Avp systems, the ways in which affiliative and aggressive behavior are studied and the roles of Oxt and Avp in the regulation of sociability will be briefly reviewed. Finally, work implicating Oxt and Avp in sociability in humans, with a focus on neuropsychiatric disorders will be highlighted.
Host Cell Metabolic Alterations following Herpes Simplex Infection.

Abstract The dissimilation of C14-labeled glucose by herpes virus-infected DMB nasal epithelial cells was studied. Tissue cultures had been grown in the presence or absence of cortisone prior to viral infection. Lactic acid recovered after growth of these systems was definitely labeled, whether glucose-1-C14 or glucose-6-C14 was added. The herpes-infected cultures showed increased lactic acid production and marked labeling as compared with uninfected controls. Specific activities of the recovered lactic acid were the same under all conditions of growth, implying that lactate is produced via the same pathway. Acetate and pyruvate were either unlabeled or labeled only in trace amounts. Metabolic CO2 was labeled throughout when glucose-1-C14 was included in the medium, but metabolic CO2 from the DMB-herpes-cortisone system had the highest specific activity; this result suggests that these conditions stimulate pentose-shunt metabolism. Low metabolic CO2 specific activities, which were obtained from all cultures when glucose-6-C14 was added to the growth fluids, support the above evidence.
Comment on the Chirality and Cotton Effects of Cyclic α‐Diketones: Revision of recent conformational assignments

A recent proposal [1] correlating the Cotton effects and dione chirality of various cyclic α-diketones according to a skewed glyoxal model is held to require revision in the light of overriding evidence from molecular models and the effects expected from substituent chirality contributions.
IMPACTS OF MULTIPLE STRESSORS ON GROWTH AND METABOLIC RATE OF MALACLEMYS TERRAPIN

Coastal species encounter numerous physiological stressors ranging from daily fluctuations in salinity and temperature to anthropogenic contaminants, yet the effects of such stressor combinations on aquatic organisms remain largely unknown. Exposure to environmental contaminants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), can disrupt physiological processes, and while physi- ological responses to salinity change are well understood, the combined effects of salinity change and contaminants on these processes are unknown. Marine and brackish water turtles are often simultaneously exposed to both stressors. We exposed male, eight-month-old diamondback terrapins to one of four salinity treatments (0, 10, 20, and 30 parts per thousand) in the presence and absence of the anthropogenic stressor 3,3,4,4,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126, 20 g/g via intraperitoneal injection) and monitored growth (carapace length and mass) and metabolic rate for six months. Exposure to PCB 126 significantly reduced growth (p 0.0001), lowered standard metabolic rates (SMRs; p 0.0001), and altered respiratory pattern (p 0.0001). Salinity stress reduced growth (p 0.0001) and altered the respiratory pattern (p 0.0001) but had no overall effect on metabolic rate (p 0.33). No interactive effects of PCBs and salinity were seen on either growth or metabolic rate. Our data indicate terrapins may be able to cope with some effects of salinity change through physiological adjustments but are less able to cope with PCBs. We show that PCB 126 disrupts the ecophysiological mechanisms that affect life history traits and thus ultimately could alter population structure and dynamics. The present study enriches our understanding of the environmental toxicology of reptiles and aids in the interpretation of health conditions documented in field-collected turtles contaminated with PCBs. Keywords—Turtles Pentachlorobiphenyl 126 Salinity Metabolic rate and growth Hematocrit
The FAST methodology for high-speed SoC/computer simulation

This paper describes the FAST methodology that enables a single FPGA to accelerate the performance of cycle-accurate computer system simulators modeling modem, realistic SoCs, embedded systems and standard desktop/laptop/server computer systems. The methodology partitions a simulator into (i) a functional model that simulates the functionality of the computer system and (ii) a predictive model that predicts performance and other metrics. The partitioning is crafted to map most of the parallel work onto a hardware-based predictive model, eliminating much of the complexity and difficulty of simulating parallel constructs on a sequential platform. FAST conventions and libraries have been designed to make creating, modifying, using and measuring such simulators straightforward. We describe a prototype FAST system: a full-system, RTL-level cycle-accurate-capable computer system simulator that executes the x86 ISA, boots unmodified Linux and executes unmodified x86 applications. The prototype runs two to three orders of magnitude faster than the fastest Intel and AMD RTL-level cycle-accurate x86 software-based simulators and about six to seven times faster than RTL simulation.
Anger Elicitation Using Affective Pictures: An Individual Differences Approach

In emotion research, affective pictures are limited in their ability to elicit discrete emotions. The current study attempted to elicit anger using pictures and a person by image-content interactional strategy. In two studies, undergraduates who varied with respect to concern for animal welfare (person factor) were shown pictures that included several of actual or impending animal harm (image content). Results from Study 1 showed that (1) the link between animal concern and combined emotion outcomes was strongest for animal harm pictures compared to other picture categories and (2) individual differences in animal concern were more strongly linked to anger than other negative emotions (e.g., anxiety, disgust, sadness) while viewing pictures of animal harm. Results from Study 2 showed that animal concern predicted variance in self-reported anger above and beyond that explained by broader constructs (empathy and nurturance) to which it relates. Overall, data suggest that the person by image-content interact...
Change in antipseudomonal carbapenem susceptibility in 25 hospitals across 9 years is not associated with the use of ertapenem

Background Concern remains that ertapenem use may promote cross-resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antipseudomonal carbapenems (APCs). This study extends our earlier multicentre investigation of this relationship by an additional 3 years. Methods Use density ratios (UDRs) for ertapenem, APCs, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones and non-carbapenem β-lactams were derived from purchase data for 3 years pre-adoption and up to 6 years post-adoption of ertapenem at 25 hospitals. Hospital antibiograms in corresponding years yielded APC susceptibility data. Mixed model repeated measures ANOVA explored associations between 9 year repeated APC susceptibility and ertapenem UDR while controlling for all other classes. Results All 25 sites had 4 years of post-adoption data, with 22 of 25 reporting 5 years and 18 of 25 reporting 6 years. Ertapenem UDR rose steadily once adopted, with a mean UDR of 7.27 in year 4 and a mean UDR of 15.93 in year 9. APC UDR increased initially (from 10.39 in year 1 to a peak of 18.77 in year 6) and then declined to 15.27 in year 9. By year 9 ertapenem and APC use were similar. Among other classes, fluoroquinolone UDR increased notably (year/mean UDR): 1/303.84; 4/174.38; and 9/423.32. Mean APC susceptibility declined from 85.4% in year 1 to 81.0% in year 9; this change across time was not significant (P = 0.99). Change in 9 year APC susceptibility was not associated with ertapenem UDR (P = 0.54), while controlling for all other antibiotic classes (all showed no association at P > 0.5). Conclusions While controlling for utilization of other antibiotic classes, we found no association between change in APC susceptibility and ertapenem use.
The effects of intraspecific competition on the prey capture behavior and kinematics of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus

Competition has broad effects on fish and specifically the effects of competition on the prey capture kinematics and behavior are important for the assessment of future prey capture studies in bony fishes. Prey capture kinematics and behavior in bony fishes have been shown to be affected by temperature and satiation. The densities at which bony fish are kept have also been shown to affect their growth, behavior, prey selection, feeding and physiology. We investigated how density induced intraspecific competition for food affects the prey capture kinematics of juvenile bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus. High speed video was utilized to film five bold individuals feeding at three different densities representing different levels of intraspecific competition. We hypothesized that: (1) the feeding kinematics will be faster at higher levels of competition compared to lower levels of competition, and (2) bluegill should shift from more suction-based feeding towards more ram-based feeding with increasing levels of competition in order to outcompete conspecifics for a prey item. We found that, with increased intraspecific competition, prey capture became faster, involving more rapid jaw opening and therefore greater inertial suction, shorter mouth closing times, and shorter gape cycles. Furthermore, the attack velocity of the fish increased with increasing competition, however a shift towards primarily ram based feeding was not confirmed. Our study demonstrates that prey capture kinematics are affected by the presence of conspecifics and future studies need to consider the effects of competition on prey capture kinematics.
Silicon MOSFETs, the microwave device technology for the 1990s

Silicon MOSFET technology using 1.5- mu m gate lengths has demonstrated excellent performance for 900-MHz applications. Circuit results for low-noise amplifiers, power amplifiers, mixers, and oscillators using this technology are discussed in comparison to other device technologies. Device results for 0.6- mu m-gate-length devices showing the microwave performance of silicon MOS transistors are discussed. These results, together with scaling predictions, indicate that microwave silicon MOSFETs will play a major role in the 1990s. The performance of devices with 0.6- mu m gate lengths indicates that silicon MOS will be the FET technology of choice for applications below 3 GHz. Advantages such as high voltage characteristics, low thermal conductivity of silicon, and the high operating junction temperature make silicon MOS a technology with immense potential for high-voltage X-band power applications. >
A modified equivalent annulus model for the hollow fiber hemodialyzer

Experimental approaches to optimize hollow fiber hemodialyzer design are expensive and time-consuming. Computer modeling is an effective way to study mass transfer in the hemodialyzer because a substantial reduction in experimental time and cost can be achieved. This paper presents a two-dimensional modified "equivalent annulus" model, which employs Navier-Stokes (N-S) equations to describe blood and dialysate flow, and Kedem-Katchalsky (K-K) equations to calculate transmembrane flow. N-S equations and K-K equations must be coupled together in the process of computing. The corresponding experiments were designed to validate this model, and experimental results agreed well with numerical results. The distribution of velocity, pressure and solute concentration were investigated in detail, presenting a clear insight into dialyzer mass transfer. This model can be applied to help optimize hemodialyzer design.
Operationen bei peptischem Ulkusleiden

Jedes Peptische Ulkus wird verursacht durch die Wirkung freier Saure; die Reduzierung der Magen-Saure-Sekretion heilt das Ulkus. Dies kann chirurgisch durch die Magenresektion mit Beseitigung eines Grosteils der saurebildenden Parietalzellen erreicht werden. Unglucklicherweise sind diese Operationen aber von sehr vielen unerwunschten postoperativen Folgezustanden belastet. Mit der Entwicklung der Vagotomie jedoch sind ausgedehnte Resektionen des Magens uberflussig geworden. Daher sollte heutzutage die Vagotomie routinemasig als chirurgische Behandlung des Duodenalulkus zur Anwendung kommen. Welche Vagotomieform und welcher Typ der Resektion oder der Drainageoperation angezeigt ist, daruber bestehen noch unterschiedliche Auffassungen.
Dislocation Instability in Nanoscale Particles

Understanding the mechanical behavior of nanoparticles has become a key factor for the success of many engineering applications. Classically, for polycrystalline materials one would expect an increase in the yield strength for smaller grain sizes according to the empirical Hall-Petch equation. However, at the nanoscale, this mechanism seems to break down. Despite the number of interesting papers published on this topic, controversy persists and consensus is still lacking. While this discussion is of great interest for polycrystalline nanoparticles, contemporary models for strengthening are inappropriate for single-crystal nanoparticles, which, altogether, pose a very different problem: the absence of grain boundaries to inhibit dislocations. In this context, we present a new model wherein the change in Gibbs Free Energy of an edge dislocation in a single-crystal particle provides a driving force for dislocation motion. These results show that dislocations become unstable and are spontaneously ejected from the particles below a certain critical size.
Strategies for stabilization of electrodeposited metal particles in electropolymerized films for H2O oxidation and H+ reduction.

Metal particles were electrodeposited on a variety of conducting substrates, and their electrocatalytic activity toward H2O oxidation to O2 and H+ reduction to H2 was evaluated. Co, Ni, Cu, Pd, Ag, and Pt were all electrodeposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrodes. Particularly active were Pd and Pt for H+ reduction and Co and Ag for H2O oxidation. When cycled reductively in 0.1 M HClO4, FTO electrodes derivatized with Pt and Pd reached current densities for hydrogen evolution of 18.3 and 13.2 mA/cm2, respectively, at −0.6 V vs normal hydrogen electrode (NHE). FTO electrodes with electrodeposited Co or Ag were cycled oxidatively in H2O buffered to pH 7 with phosphate buffer. Current densities of 10.5 and 8.70 mA/cm2, respectively, were reached at +1.8 V vs NHE with H2O oxidation onsets at +1.3 and +1.4 V, respectively. The impacts on catalytic stability and performance of electrodeposited metals in/on an electrically conductive polymer support were also investigated. Films of poly-[Fe(vbpy)3](P...
Spatial Convergence of Three Dimensional Turbulent Flows

Finite-volume and finite-element schemes, both implemented within the FUN3D flow solver, are evaluated for several test cases described on the Turbulence-Modeling Resource (TMR) web site. The cases include subsonic flow over a hemisphere cylinder, subsonic flow over a swept bump configuration, and supersonic flow in a square duct. The finite- volume and finite-element schemes are both used to obtain solutions for the first two cases, whereas only the finite-volume scheme is used for the supersonic duct. For the hemisphere cylinder, finite-element solutions obtained on tetrahedral meshes are compared with finite- volume solutions on mixed-element meshes. For the swept bump, finite-volume solutions have been obtained for both hexahedral and tetrahedral meshes and are compared with finite-element solutions obtained on tetrahedral meshes. For the hemisphere cylinder and the swept bump, solutions are obtained on a series of meshes with varying grid density and comparisons are made between drag coefficients, pressure distributions, velocity profiles, and profiles of the turbulence working variable. The square duct shows small variation due to element type or the spatial accuracy of turbulence model convection. It is demonstrated that the finite-element scheme on tetrahedral meshes yields similar accuracy as the finite- volume scheme on mixed-element and hexahedral grids, and demonstrates less sensitivity to the mesh topology (biased tetrahedral grids) than the finite-volume scheme.
DNA Content and Proliferative Index in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Keratoacanthoma

The histologic separation of keratoacanthomas (KA) and well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (WDSCC) using established criteria may present a diagnostic dilemma in the individual case. The authors questioned whether the DNA index (DI) and/or the proliferative index (PI), as shown by flow cytometry (FCM) might assist in this differential diagnosis. Thirty-six well-differentiated squamous cell lesions of skin were independently classified as either WDSCC or KA by a panel of three pathologists. Six poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas (PDSCC) also were included in this study. Sections from paraffin blocks were prepared by standard techniques and analyzed by FCM. Mean DI values were: KA 0.96%, WDSCC 0.99%, and PDSCC 0.88%. The differences in the mean DIs were not statistically significant. Mean PI values were as follows: KA 16.7%, WDSCC 14.8%, and PDSCC 20.2%. Differences were not statistically significant. The authors conclude that the FCM measurements of DI and PI do not help in separating KA and WDSCC of skin.
Mechanism and Function of Angiogenin in Prostate Cancer

Angiogenin( ANG),the fifth member of the vertebrate-specific ribonuclease( RNase) A superfamily,is a secreted angiogenic ribonuclease strongly up-regulated in human prostate cancers. ANG is translocated to the nucleus in both prostate cancer epithelial cells and endothelial cells to exert its role in prostate cancer progression by mediating tumor angiogenesis,cancer cell survival and proliferation through r RNA biogenesis. ANG-stimulated r RNA is required not only for prostate intraepithelial neoplasia( PIN) formation,but also for androgen-independent growth of prostate cancer cells. Targeting ANG by various antagonists that inhibit its nuclear translocation,function and / or activity has proven to inhibit prostate cancer growth in animal models. Furthermore,the role of ANG in androgen independence has been firmly established,suggesting a strong rationale for therapeutically targeting ANG in the treatment of castration resistant prostate cancer.
Studies on the Ways of State-owned Stocks Circulating in Security Marcket

This paper expounds how to solve the key problem that state-owned stocks can't be circulated and transferred in Chinese Security Market. We should try to circulate and transfer the state-owned stocks step by step in different ways with various measures. This paper discusses the measures of reducing the state-owned stocks and the possibility of these measures, which may be valuable and helpful for the relevant departments in CSM and the investors.
Trace-element partitioning between alkali feldspar and peralkalic quartz trachyte to rhyolite magma. Part II: Empirical equations for calculating trace-element partition coefficients of large-ion lithophile, high field-strength, and rare-earth elements

Multivariate linear regression (MLR) analysis has been used to develop equations for predicting alkali feldspar/melt trace-element partition coefficients ( D -values) for certain large-ion lithophile elements (Rb and Eu), high field-strength elements (Zr and Nb), and rare-earth elements (Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Er, and Yb) in peralkalic felsic systems. A partitioning equation for Sr based solely on data from Pantelleria is also presented. D Rb, D Zr, and D Nb each can be calculated given whole-rock SiO2 and agpaitic index [A.I. = mol (Na + K) /Al]; alternatively, D Rb can be calculated given feldspar Or content and agpaitic index. D Eu can be calculated given whole-rock SiO2. agpaitic index, and whole-rock Na2O/K2O. Other D REE can be calculated given whole-rock SiO2, agpaitic index, and whole-rock CaO. These D -values all increase with increasing whole-rock SiO2 and decreasing agpaitic index. D Sr for samples from Pantelleria increase with increasing feldspar Ab and can be calculated given feldspar Ab content. The equations formulated will help to constrain better the choice of D -values used in petrogenetic models of peralkalic systems.
Buprenorphine Initiation and Linkage to Outpatient Buprenorphine do not Reduce Frequency of Injection Opiate Use Following Hospitalization.

Abstract Background Buprenorphine has established effectiveness for outpatient treatment of opioid use disorder. Our previously published STOP (Suboxone Transition to Opiate Program) trial showed that buprenorphine induction, stabilization, and linkage to outpatient treatment in opioid-dependent inpatients (injection and non-injection drug users) decreased illicit opioid use over 6months. The present study was a planned subgroup analysis of injection opiate users from STOP. Objective To determine if inpatient buprenorphine initiation and linkage to outpatient buprenorphine reduce injection opiate users' frequency of injection opiate use (IOU). Methods Inpatient injection opiate users at a safety-net hospital were randomized to buprenorphine linkage (induction, stabilization, bridge prescription, and facilitated referral to outpatient treatment) or detoxification (5-day inpatient buprenorphine taper). Conditional fixed-effects Poisson regression was used to estimate the effects of intervention on 30-day (self-report) at 1, 3, and 6months, measured using 30-day timeline follow-back. The secondary outcome was linkage effectiveness, measured as % presenting to initial outpatient buprenorphine visits after hospital discharge. Results Analysis was limited to persons (n=62 randomized to detoxification and n=51 to linkage) with baseline IOU. There were no significant differences in age, ethnicity, or baseline IOU frequency. At follow-up, linkage patients (70.6%) were significantly more likely (p Conclusions Despite STOP's success in linking patients who inject opiates to outpatient buprenorphine, the intervention did not significantly decrease their IOU frequency. Injection opiate users will require a more intensive protocol to sustain outpatient buprenorphine treatment and decrease injection with its attendant risks.
The relationship between complement factor C3, APOE ε4, amyloid and tau in Alzheimer’s disease

Inflammation is becoming increasingly recognized as an important contributor to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. As a part of the innate immune system, the complement cascade enhances the body's ability to destroy and remove pathogens and has recently been shown to influence Alzheimer's associated amyloid and tau pathology. However, little is known in humans about the effects of the complement system and genetic modifiers of AD risk like the e4 allele of apolioprotein E (APOE e4) on AD pathobiology. We evaluated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein levels from 267 individuals clinically diagnosed as cognitively normal, mild cognitive impairment, and AD. Using linear models, we assessed the relationship between APOE e4 genotype, CSF Complement 3 (C3), CSF amyloid-β (amyloid) and CSF hyperphosphorylated tau (ptau). We found a significant interaction between APOE e4 and CSF C3 on both CSF amyloid and CSF ptau. We also found that CSF C3 is only associated with CSF ptau after accounting for CSF amyloid. Our results support a conceptual model of the AD pathogenic cascade where a synergistic relationship between the complement cascade (C3) and APOE e4 results in elevated Alzheimer's neurodegeneration and in turn, amyloid further regulates the effect of the complement cascade on downstream tau pathology.