cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional joint reaction forces and moments at the low back during over-ground walking in persons with unilateral lower-extremity amputation

Abstract Background Abnormal mechanics of locomotion following lower-extremity amputation are associated with increases in trunk motion, which in turn may alter loads at the low back due to changes in inertial and gravitational demands on the spine and surrounding trunk musculature. Methods Over-ground gait data were retrospectively compiled from two groups walking at similar self-selected speeds (~ 1.35 m/s): 40 males with unilateral lower-extremity amputation (20 transtibial, 20 transfemoral) and 20 able-bodied male controls. Three-dimensional joint reaction forces and moments at the low back (L5/S1 spinal level) were calculated using top-down and bottom-up approaches. Peak values and the timings of these were determined and compared between and within (bilaterally) groups, and secondarily between approaches. Findings Peak laterally-directed joint reaction forces and lateral bend moments increased with increasing level of amputation, and were respectively 83% and 41% larger in prosthetic vs. intact stance among persons with transfemoral amputation. Peak anteriorly-directed reaction forces and extension moments were 31% and 55% larger, respectively, among persons with transtibial amputation compared to controls. Peak vertical reaction forces and axial twist moments were similar between and within groups. Peak joint reaction forces and moments were larger (3–14%), and the respective timing of these sooner (11–62 ms), from the bottom-up vs. top-down approach. Interpretation Increased and asymmetric peak reaction forces and moments at the low back among persons with unilateral lower-extremity amputation, particularly in the frontal plane, suggest potential mechanistic pathways through which repeated exposure to altered trunk motion and spinal loading may contribute to low-back injury risk among persons with lower-extremity amputation.
Pathways of Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid Metabolism in Endothelial Cells IMPLICATIONS FOR THE VASCULAR EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE EPOXIDE HYDROLASE INHIBITION

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are products of cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase that possess important vasodilating and anti-inflammatory properties. EETs are converted to the corresponding dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHET) by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) in mammalian tissues, and inhibition of sEH has been proposed as a novel approach for the treatment of hypertension. We observed that sEH is present in porcine coronary endothelial cells (PCEC), and we found that low concentrations of N,N'-dicyclohexylurea (DCU), a selective sEH inhibitor, have profound effects on EET metabolism in PCEC cultures. Treatment with 3 microM DCU reduced cellular conversion of 14,15-EET to 14,15-DHET by 3-fold after 4 h of incubation, with a concomitant increase in the formation of the novel beta-oxidation products 10,11-epoxy-16:2 and 8,9-epoxy-14:1. DCU also markedly enhanced the incorporation of 14,15-EET and its metabolites into PCEC lipids. The most abundant product in DCU-treated cells was 16,17-epoxy-22:3, the elongation product of 14,15-EET. Another novel metabolite, 14,15-epoxy-20:2, was present in DCU-treated cells. DCU also caused a 4-fold increase in release of 14,15-EET when the cells were stimulated with a calcium ionophore. Furthermore, DCU decreased the conversion of [3H]11,12-EET to 11,12-DHET, increased 11,12-EET retention in PCEC lipids, and produced an accumulation of the partial beta-oxidation product 7,8-epoxy-16:2 in the medium. These findings suggest that in addition to being metabolized by sEH, EETs are substrates for beta-oxidation and chain elongation in endothelial cells and that there is considerable interaction among the three pathways. The modulation of EET metabolism by DCU provides novel insight into the mechanisms by which pharmacological or molecular inhibition of sEH effectively treats hypertension.
The biological behavior of tin following administration of nine 99mTcSn complexes

Abstract Our results indicate that an appreciable fraction of the tin present in each of the nine 99m Tc-Sn radiopharmaceuticals has become complexed to the ligand present in each kit. The tin in each kit possessed a different in vivo distribution pattern and all the patterns observed were dissimilar to that observed for stannous chloride. Of particular importance is the fact that the blood is not a major site of tin localization. We conclude that the site of reduction of subsequently injected pertechnetate is not the blood but probably either the bone or the bone marrow. Since the biological half-lives of the tin present in these compounds are so long, the adverse effects associated with the presence of tin in the body are likely to remain for several months. We found that removing the uncomplexed tin decreased neither the biological half-life nor the effect of the compound in the blood distribution of subsequently injected pertechnetate. Therefore, we conclude that the adverse effects associated with the presence of tin in vivo cannot be minimized by removing the excess tin from a preparation.
Effects of applied strain on radiation damage generation in body-centered cubic iron

Abstract Radiation damage in body-centered cubic (BCC) Fe has been extensively studied by computer simulations to quantify effects of temperature, impinging particle energy, and the presence of extrinsic particles. However, limited investigation has been conducted into the effects of mechanical stresses and strain. In a reactor environment, structural materials are often mechanically strained, and an expanded understanding of how this strain affects the generation of defects may be important for predicting microstructural evolution and damage accumulation under such conditions. In this study, we have performed molecular dynamics simulations in which various types of homogeneous strains are applied to BCC Fe and the effect on defect generation is examined. It is found that volume-conserving shear strains yield no statistically significant variations in the stable number of defects created via cascades in BCC Fe. However, strains that result in volume changes are found to produce significant effects on defect generation.
Comparing paired biomarkers in predicting quantitative health outcome subject to random censoring

This paper uses a non-parametric test, based on consistently estimated discrimination accuracy defined as concordance probability between quantitative predictor and outcome, to compare paired biomarkers in predicting a health outcome, possibly subject to random censoring. Comparing with the Wilcoxon test for paired predictors based on Harrell’s C-index, we found that the proposed test is better in presence of random censoring, although the two unbiased tests are equivalent for outcome either uncensored or censored by a constant. A simulation study also demonstrates that the bias in estimated difference in concordance probability, due to ignoring random censoring, results in overestimated power, especially when random censoring is heavy. The method was applied in two studies, where the biomarkers measured from the same study subjects are correlated. The first study on 299 school children in Bangladesh found the associations that higher blood arsenic and manganese were related to lower intellectual test scores, while the differences between the biomarkers in predicting the intellectual test scores were not statistically significant. The second study on 418 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis found that the baseline serum bilirubin had greater discrimination accuracy than the baseline serum albumin in predicting survival time.
Healthful school living: environmental health in the school.

The author defines environmental health as it relates to schools, and identifies site, chemical, biological, and physical environmental health hazards. Recommendations and precautions to help achieve optimal health, safety, and comfort are presented. Resources from which personnel can get assistance to help improve the environmental health of their schools are noted. 37 references.
2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfenyl Chloride †

2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride reactant: 202 g. (1.00 mole) of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene intermediate: 2,4-dinitrophenyl benzyl sulfide solvent: 3–4 volumes of dry petroleum ether product: 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride reactant: practical grade 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene product: 2,4-Dinitrobenzenesulfenyl bromide Keywords: arylation; cleavage, miscellaneous; replacement reactions, halogen by various groups; 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride, potential explosive; 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, skin irritant
Cyclooxygenase contracting factors and altered pulmonary vascular responses in chronically hypoxic newborn pigs

Pulmonary hypertension and blunted pulmonary vascular responses to ACh develop when newborn pigs are exposed to chronic hypoxia for 3 days. To determine whether a cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent contracting factor, such as thromboxane, is involved with altered pulmonary vascular responses to ACh, newborn piglets were raised in 11% O2 (hypoxic) or room air (control) for 3 days. Small pulmonary arteries (100–400 μm diameter) were cannulated and pressurized, and their responses to ACh were measured before and after either the COX inhibitor indomethacin; a thromboxane synthesis inhibitor, dazoxiben or feregrelate; or the thromboxane-PGH2-receptor antagonist SQ-29548. In control arteries, indomethacin reversed ACh responses from dilation to constriction. In contrast, hypoxic arteries constricted to ACh before indomethacin and dilated to ACh after indomethacin. Furthermore, ACh constriction in hypoxic arteries was nearly abolished by either dazoxiben, feregrelate, or SQ-29548. These findings suggest that thromboxane is the COX-dependent contracting factor that underlies the constrictor response to ACh that develops in small pulmonary arteries of piglets exposed to 3 days of hypoxia. The early development of thromboxane-mediated constriction may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in newborns.
Phenylalanine and Threonine Levels for Young Chicks

ABSTRACT GRAU (1947) indicated that chicks require 0.6 to 0.8 percent dl -phenylalanine in the diet plus an equal amount of tyrosine. Almquist (1952) and the National Research Council (1954) gave the requirement for phenylalanine as 1.6 percent of the diet, 0.7 percent of which may be replaced by tyrosine. Fisher (1956) found the phenylalanine requirement to be about 0.5 percent of the diet in the presence of excess tyrosine. Almquist and Grau (1944) indicated that 1.0 percent dl -threonine appeared to be insufficient to support growth in a diet composed of pure amino acids. Wilkening et al. (1947) stated that 0.67 percent l -threonine from oxidized casein and gelatin apparently satisfied the chicks’ requirement for threonine. Grau (1949) concluded that the l -threonine requiredent is approximately 0.45 percent of the diet. dl -threonine was only one-half as active as l -threonine. Lewis (1951) reported that a diet containing 27 percent crude protein from wheat gluten and . . .
Toenail selenium concentrations and bladder cancer risk in women and men.

Prediagnostic selenium concentrations measured in archived toenails were inversely associated with bladder cancer risk in women (P for trend=0.02), but not in men, in a nested case–control study of 338 cases and 341 matched controls. These findings may be due to chance and more studies are needed to determine whether associations between selenium and bladder cancer risk differ by sex.
Enabling innovation in test manufacturing through ATE software standards

Business influential Michael Porter theorized that standards based solutions are more cost-effective and efficient than proprietary alternatives when there is little "differentiating value" seen by the end user. Intel's aggressive adoption of 300 mm standards in wafer manufacturing and automated test equipment (ATE) automation standards in test manufacturing validates this premise. These standards have provided rapid, cost-effective factory integration and have enabled greater investment in manufacturing innovation. There are similar opportunities for ATE operating system (OS) software standards. This paper elaborates on the history and successes of ATE automation standards at Intel and future directions for ATE OS software standards in the industry
Carotid plaque computed tomography imaging in stroke and nonstroke patients.

Objective To identify a set of computed tomographic (CT) features of carotid atherosclerotic plaques that is significantly associated with ischemic stroke. Methods In a cross-sectional study, we retrospectively identified 136 consecutive patients admitted to our emergency department with suspected stroke who underwent a CT-angiogram of the carotid arteries. CT-angiographic studies of the carotid arteries were processed automatically using automated computer classifier algorithm that quantitatively assesses a battery of carotid CT features. Acute stroke patients were categorized into “acute carotid stroke patients” and “nonacute carotid stroke patients” independent of carotid wall CT features, using the Causative Classification System for Ischemic Stroke, which includes the neuroradiologist's review of the imaging studies of the brain parenchyma and of the degree of carotid stenosis, and charted test results (such as electrocardiogram). Univariate followed by multivariate analyses were used to build models to differentiate between these patient groups and to differentiate between the infarct and unaffected sides in the “acute carotid stroke patients.” Results Forty “acute carotid stroke” patients and 50 “nonacute carotid stroke” patients were identified. Multivariate modeling identified a small number of the carotid wall CT features that were significantly associated with acute carotid stroke, including wall volume, fibrous cap thickness, number and location of lipid clusters, and number of calcium clusters. Interpretation Patients with acute carotid stroke demonstrate significant differences in the appearance of their carotid wall ipsilateral to the side of their infarct, when compared with either nonacute carotid stroke patients or the carotid wall contralateral with the infarct side. Ann Neurol 2008;64:149–157
A Chimeric Human-Bovine Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 Expressing Measles Virus Hemagglutinin Is Attenuated for Replication but Is Still Immunogenic in Rhesus Monkeys

The chimeric recombinant virus rHPIV3-N(B), a version of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) that is attenuated due to the presence of the bovine PIV3 nucleocapsid (N) protein open reading frame (ORF) in place of the HPIV3 ORF, was modified to encode the measles virus hemagglutinin (HA) inserted as an additional, supernumerary gene between the HPIV3 P and M genes. This recombinant, designated rHPIV3-N(B)HA, replicated like its attenuated rHPIV3-N(B) parent virus in vitro and in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of rhesus monkeys, indicating that the insertion of the measles virus HA did not further attenuate rHPIV3-N(B) in vitro or in vivo. Monkeys immunized with rHPIV3-N(B)HA developed a vigorous immune response to both measles virus and HPIV3, with serum antibody titers to both measles virus (neutralizing antibody) and HPIV3 (hemagglutination inhibiting antibody) of over 1:500. An attenuated HPIV3 expressing a major protective antigen of measles virus provides a method for immunization against measles by the intranasal route, a route that has been shown with HPIV3 and respiratory syncytial virus vaccines to be relatively refractory to the neutralizing and immunosuppressive effects of maternally derived virus-specific serum antibodies. It should now be possible to induce a protective immune response against measles virus in 6-month-old infants, an age group that in developing areas of the world is not responsive to the current measles virus vaccine.
Straight back syndrome with pulmonary venous obstruction

Abstract A 19 year old man with marked straightening of the thoracic spine and slight xiphoid depression was found to have during exercise pulmonary hypertension secondary to elevation of pulmonary venous pressure. Angiography demonstrated both compression of the left inferior pulmonary vein against the descending aorta and “pinning” of the left atrium against the spine. Pulmonary venous obstruction may explain dyspnea in some cases of sternospinal cardiac compression.
A chemical probe technique for the determination of reactive halogen species in aqueous solution: Part 1 – bromide solutions

Abstract. Reactive halogen species (X*=X•, •X2-, X2 and HOX, where X=Br, Cl, or I) in seawater, sea-salt particles, and snowpacks play important roles in the chemistry of the marine boundary layer. Despite this, relatively little is known about the steady-state concentrations or kinetics of reactive halogens in these environmental samples. In part this is because there are few instruments or techniques that can be used to characterize aqueous reactive halogens. To better understand this chemistry, we have developed a chemical probe technique that can detect and quantify aqueous reactive bromine and chlorine species (Br*(aq) and Cl*(aq)). This technique is based on the reactions of short-lived X*(aq) species with allyl alcohol (CH2=CHCH2OH) to form stable 3-halo-1,2-propanediols that are analyzed by gas chromatography. Using this technique in conjunction with competition kinetics allows determination of the steady state concentrations of the aqueous reactive halogens and, in some cases, the rates of formation and lifetimes of X* in aqueous solutions. We report here the results of the method development for aqueous solutions containing only bromide (Br-).
Time-lapse gravity monitoring of an aquifer storage recovery project in Leyden, Colorado

‡Summary We present a case study on using time-lapse micro-gravity surveying to monitor an aquifer storage recovery project. An abandoned coal mine is being developed into an underground water reservoir in Leyden, Colorado. Excess water from surface sources is poured into the reservoir during winter and then retrieved for use in the summer. Efficient operation of the storage-recovery process requires knowledge of water concentration and movement within the mine shafts as well as well in the hosting geologic units. Three micro-gravity surveys were carried out to monitor the process over the course of ten months during the initial water injection stage. We will present the survey design, data acquisition, and preliminary results of the monitoring experiment.
IPM adoption in northeastern U.S.: An examination of the IPM continuum

Survey data from sweet corn, strawberry, apple, and potato growers in nine northeastern U.S. states were used to assess relative levels of adoption of integrated pest management (IPM). Grower adoption of an IPM system was measured by assigning numerical values for completion of specific management practices, and summing the number of practice points. Practices included those for management of soil, nutrients, weeds, diseases and insects, and education. Numerical scores were used to describe IPM adoption as a continuum, with growers classified as low, moderate, or high adopters based on their completion of practices. The relative level of IPM adoption varied among crops and states. Forty-nine percent of sweet corn growers were found to be moderate-to high-level IPM adopters, while 76% of strawberry growers, 90% of potato growers, and 69% of apple growers were moderate- to high-level adopters, respectively. Variation among states with respect to adoption of IPM is described and discussed.
Slow boom, sudden crash

Abstract Many asset markets exhibit slow booms and sudden crashes. This pattern is explained by an endogenous flow of information. In the model, agents undertake more economic activity in good times than in bad. Economic activity generates public information about the state of the economy. If the economic state changes when times are good and information is abundant, asset prices adjust quickly and a sudden crash occurs. When times are bad, scarce information and high uncertainty slow agents’ reactions as the economy improves; a gradual boom ensues. Data from U.S. and emerging credit markets support the theory.
Three phase II cytokine working group trials of gp100 (210M) peptide plus high-dose interleukin-2 in patients with HLA-A2-positive advanced melanoma.

Purpose High-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) induces responses in 15% to 20% of patients with advanced melanoma; 5% to 8% are durable complete responses (CRs). The HLA-A2–restricted, modified gp100 peptide (210M) induces T-cell immunity in vivo and has little antitumor activity but, combined with high-dose IL-2, reportedly has a 42% (13 of 31 patients) response rate (RR). We evaluated 210M with one of three different IL-2 schedules to determine whether a basis exists for a phase III trial. Patients and Methods In three separate phase II trials, patients with melanoma received 210M subcutaneously during weeks 1, 4, 7, and 10 and standard high-dose IL-2 during weeks 1 and 3 (trial 1), weeks 7 and 9 (trial 2), or weeks 1, 4, 7, and 10 (trial 3). Immune assays were performed on peripheral-blood mononuclear cells collected before and after treatment. Results From 1998 to 2003, 131 patients with HLA-A2–positive were enrolled. With 60-month median follow-up time, the overall RR for 121 assessable patients was 16.5% (9...
A New Species of the Leptopelis modestus Complex (Anura: Arthroleptidae) from the Albertine Rift of Central Africa

Abstract We describe a new species of Leptopelis from the L. modestus complex. The new species is described from forest and lacustrine habitats of the Albertine Rift of Central Africa, is superficially similar to topotypic L. modestus from Cameroon, but it is distinguished by advertisement call, morphology, and sequences of 16S, cyt b, and RAG1. The new species is yet another amphibian that occurs in the Itombwe Plateau, further solidifying the position of the plateau as an area of conservation concern.
Compensatory renal hypertrophy and the handling of an acute nephrotoxicant in a model of aging

Aging often results in progressive losses of functioning nephrons, which can lead to a significant reduction in overall renal function. Because of age-related pathological changes, the remaining functional nephrons within aged kidneys may be unable to fully counteract physiological and/or toxicological challenges. We hypothesized that when the total functional renal mass of aged rats is reduced by 50%, the nephrons within the remnant kidney do not fully undergo the functional and physiological changes that are necessary to maintain normal fluid and solute homeostasis. We also tested the hypothesis that the disposition and handling of a nephrotoxicant are altered significantly in aged kidneys following an acute, 50% reduction in functional renal mass. To test these hypotheses, we examined molecular indices of renal cellular hypertrophy and the disposition of inorganic mercury (Hg(2+)), a model nephrotoxicant, in young control, young uninephrectomized (NPX), aged control and aged NPX Wistar rats. We found that the process of aging reduces the ability of the remnant kidney to undergo compensatory renal growth. In addition, we found that an additional reduction in renal mass in aged animals alters the disposition of Hg(2+) and potentially alters the risk of renal intoxication by this nephrotoxicant. To our knowledge, this study represents the first report of the handling of a nephrotoxicant in an aged animal following a 50% reduction in functional renal mass.
Fault detection of a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor based on symmetrical components theory

This paper presents a new approach for phase fault detection of a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor (PMa-SynRM). The proposed fault detection method has been developed through novel decomposition technique of sequential components of a five-phase electrical machine. Unlike conventional three phase machines, phase fault of five-phase machine shows different response under single phase fault, two adjacent phase fault, and two non-adjacent phase fault. A newly developed symmetrical component analysis is applied to identify those phase fault condition in five phase machines. The analysis has been further extended to detect the types of faults based on magnitude pattern of the fundamental frequencies of the symmetrical components in frequency domain. In this paper, open-phase fault detection analysis has been carried out through extensive simulation and experimental tests to validate the proposed method. A 5Kw dynamo system controlled by TI-DSP F28335 has been used.
A Test Bed for Proximity Navigation and Control of Spacecraft for On -orbit Assembly and Reconfiguration

This paper introduces the preliminary development of a test -bed related to the research project named Autonomous Multi -agent Physically Interacting Spacecraft System (AMPHIS ) which is ongoing at the Spacecraft Robotics Laboratory. A new laboratory test bed i s under development which will enable hardware -in -the -loop simulation of autonomous proximity operations of a cluster of small spacecraft . The test -bed, which is an evolution of a previously developed Autonomous Docking test -bed, consists of three degrees -of -freedom spacecraft simulator s floating via air pads on a flat floo r. In particular, this paper introduces a new spacecraft simulator which is being currently integrated, using on -off thrusters for the t ranslation and a small control -moment -gyro for the rotation. I. Introduction UTONOMOUS on -orbit assembly capability pr esents great potential return for both civilian and military space ap plications of the future. Additionally, this capability poses a follow -up challenge for currently evolving autonomous docking capabilities. Furthermore, the potential demands for on -orbi t assembly expand the arena for research to such topics as sensor systems, data fusion and real -time optimal control. Al though much research conducted during the last decade has focused on t he navigation and control of multi -robotic system assembly for ter restr ial applications, comparably little has concentrated on the problem of on -orbit spacecraft assembly. The current paper presents the status of an on -going research effort on autonomous proximity navigation, guidance and control of a group of unmanned spacecraft. The spacecraft are considered to initially be in close -formation orbital flight and then autonomously maneuver to dock one with respect to the other to create a single system. On -the -ground experimentation is a low -risk , relatively low -cost an d potentially high -return method for validating space craft systems technology, navigation techniques and control approaches, complementing analytical developments and numerical simulations. 1
Males and Females Pace Differently in High School Cross-Country Races

Deaner, RO and Lowen, A. Males and females pace differently in high school cross-country races. J Strength Cond Res 30(11): 2991-2997, 2016-Previous studies have demonstrated that men are more likely than women to slow in the marathon, but it is unknown whether the sex difference in pacing occurs for other race distances. This study addressed this question by analyzing the 5-km Virginia State Championship high school cross-country race for the years 2010, 2012, 2013, and 2014, which encompassed 3,948 performances. The pacing measure was percentage change in speed from mile 1 to mile 2. Across all runners, women (9.1%) slowed significantly (p = 0.002) more than men (8.7%), although the magnitude of the difference was trivial (effect size [ES] = -0.10). However, when women and men in physiologically equated finishing time groups (e.g., <17:00 for men; <19:03 for women) were compared, men slowed significantly more (p < 0.001) in all 4 groups, and the differences were nontrivial (ESs range 0.27-0.92). Because glycogen depletion is irrelevant for 5 km performances, these results challenge the hypothesis that the sex difference in pacing is due to males' greater susceptibility to glycogen depletion. These results instead support the hypothesis that the sex difference in pacing partly reflects a sex difference in some aspect of decision making, such as overconfidence, risk perception, or willingness to tolerate discomfort. Coaches and athletes are advised to consider individual variation in these characteristics when planning training and racing.
Clinical Treatment of Research of Letrozole to Infertility after the Laparoscopic Surgery in PCOS

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of letrozole infertility patients with PCOS after the laparoscopic surgery. Methods 60 infertility cases after laparoscopic surgery were randomly divided into two groups,letrozole group and control group. the endometrial thickness,follicle-ripening time,the number of mature follicles,ovulation rate,a single follicle ovulation rate,pregnancy rate,the number of twins were recorded. Results There was ovulated in 15 cycles,no dominant follicle grew in 5 cycles,and the dominant follicle grew but not ovulated in 1 cycle after 21 cycles treatment in the letrozole group. There was ovulation in 14 cycles,no dominant follicle grew in 5 cycles,and the dominant follicle grew but not ovulated in 2 cycles after 21 cycles treatment in the control group. There were significantly difference of HCG on endome-trial thickness,follicle-ripening time,the number of mature follicles,cycle,ovulation rate,a single follicle ovulation rate,cycle,pregnancy rate, the number of twins between the two group(P0.05),ovulation rate and pregnancy rate was not statistically significant. Conclusion There are high ovulation rate and pregnancy rate after treated with letrozole of PCOS patients who can’t pregnant after the laparoscopic surgery.
Analysis on the Appraisal of Teaching Quality

From the angle of teaching supervision,this papar gave a summary to the pratice and anlysis of teaching quality appraisal.
Misoprostol for Tinnitus

Practitioners should realize that further study of misoprostol in larger patient populations must be undertaken to determine its efficacy and safety in the treatment of tinnitus. Previous approaches to treating tinnitus have included carbamazepine, phenytoin, lidocaine, tocainide, flecainide acetate, alprazolam, and nortriptyline. Studies using lidocaine, nortriptyline, or alprazolam have shown encouraging results. The relative contribution of misoprostol remains to be seen; however, it may offer a new treatment option to patients who have experienced adverse effects or have contraindications to the pharmacologic agents currently available.
Length of stay, therapeutic change, and recidivism for incarcerated juvenile offenders

ABSTRACTThis study examined the influence of length of stay in therapeutically oriented institutional placements for high-risk juvenile offenders. Pre- and posttests of rater scored skill acquisition were obtained for 637 youth across 14 secure and community placements implementing the integrated treatment model. Ordinal propensity score stratification balanced youth characteristics across lengths of stay. Length of stay was not predictive of felony recidivism at 12 months postrelease despite a trend for reduced recidivism at 9 months. Skills acquisition was positively associated with older age, not having a special education designation, parent contact, and a reduction in felony recidivism 12 months postrelease.
Prevalence and Predictors of Obesity-Related Counseling Provided by Outpatient Psychiatrists in the United States.

Objective:This study sought to identify rates and predictors of obesity counseling performed by outpatient psychiatrists in the United States.Methods:The 2005–2010 National Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys provided data from 7,309 outpatient psychiatry visits. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between patient, visit, and practice characteristics and outcomes.Results:Most (81%) visits occurred in a private practice setting. Nine percent (N=657) of visits included measurement of patient body mass index (BMI); 30% of these visits were with patients who met the obesity criterion (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2). Among visits with obese patients, 16% included exercise counseling, 22% included weight reduction counseling, and 24% included diet or nutrition counseling. Patients with obesity were more likely than patients without obesity to receive diet or nutrition counseling (p<.05) and weight reduction counseling (p<.05), but not exercise counseling. Black patients were significantly less likely to receive ...
Communal Narrative: Boccaccio and the Historical Paraphrase Tradition

“Communal Narrative: Boccaccio and the Historical Paraphrase Tradition” interprets Boccaccio’s composition practices in his three major Latin works by analyzing his manuscript revisions, cultural associations with humanism, and intellectual history that introduced him to Giovanni del Virgilio’s Ovidian exegesis (especially Giovanni’s paraphrase of the Metamorphoses, the Expositio). Noting how Boccaccio develops his paraphrases and moralizing commentaries separately—as does Giovanni—this chapter challenges modern criticism’s tendency to treat his Latin works as didactic collections, revealing his rhetorical and poetic sensitivity to the frame-narrative format. Boccaccio hereby proves to be more than a compiler and commentator on history and mythology; he emerges as a political visionary, collecting an array of voices to represent both political and scholastic communes.
Design, construction and testing of lateral transfer retroreflectors for space-based applications

The function of a Lateral Transfer Retroreflector is to accurately shift a beam of light laterally, while changing its direction 180 degrees. It uses three optically-flat, reflective surfaces located in mutually perpendicular planes to return an output beam parallel, but laterally separated from the input beam. The device maintains parallelism of the two beams regardless of its own orientation. From mid-2011 to late 2015, two types of LTR were designed, developed, produced and tested at Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt Maryland. Information about the development process, along with performance results is given.
Improved Inspection Scheduling for Foodservice Establishments

Theoretical and experimental considerations indicate that overall sanitation scores for a community's foodservice establishments would improve if the frequency of sanitation inspections were made to vary according to perceived risks attributable to sanitation deficiencies.
Geographic factors influence outcomes of colorectal cancer surgery in NYC 2000-2004

B4 Theoretical Framework: Geographical information systems health care framework supports that there are spatial relationships in seeking health care and that distance and neighborhood may impact on choices of health care. Purpose: New York City (NYC) consists of 5 geographically related but demographically and socioeconomically diverse boroughs. This study examines the factors associated with perioperative mortality following colorectal surgery in NYC and how this impacts where patients chose to receive their care. Design/Method : The New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database was queried for colorectal cancer surgery admissions from 2000-2004 and the following associated variables: type of surgery, borough of residence, location of hospital utilized, demographics, economic profile as evidenced by the median household income (MHI) by zip code, and surgical volume of treating hospitals. Associations were tested using an unadjusted Chi square and logistic regression models. Descriptive statistics were used for other variables. Results: Perioperative mortality following colorectal surgery differs significantly based on hospital volume, insurance type, age, and borough of surgery. The majority of patients were operated on in the borough of residence despite these significant variations in perioperative mortality. Minorities, Medicaid recipients, and lower MHI patients were more likely to be operated on in boroughs with lower income. The highest volume hospitals with lowest mortality were located in Manhattan. These hospitals treated either patients living in that borough, those from outside NYC, and rarely patients from the surrounding boroughs. Conclusion Implications: Despite apparent access to high volume, low mortality hospitals, the majority of NYC residents receive surgical care for colorectal cancer at local hospitals. Patients rarely seek care from geographically adjacent, higher volume hospitals located in adjoining boroughs. Further studies are needed to understand these trends and reduce the barriers that may limit patients’ access to high quality health care.
Impact of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion on emergency department high utilizers with ambulatory care sensitive conditions: A cross-sectional study.

Abstract Objectives The effect of the Affordable Care Act on emergency department (ED) high utilizers has not yet been thoroughly studied. We sought to determine the impact of changes in insurance eligibility following the 2014 Medicaid expansion on ED utilization for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) by high ED utilizers in an urban safety net hospital. Methods High utilizers were defined as patients with ≥4 visits in the 6months before their most recent visit in the study period (July–December before and after Maryland's Medicaid expansion in January 2014). A differences-in-differences approach using logistic regression was used to investigate if differences between high and low utilizer cohorts changed from before and after the expansion. Results During the study period, 726 (4.1%) out of 17,795 unique patients in 2013 and 380 (2.4%) of 16,458 during the same period in 2014 were high utilizers ( p -value p -value 0.97). Conclusion Although the proportion of high utilizers decreased significantly after Maryland's Medicaid expansion, ACSC-associated ED visits by high ED utilizers were unaffected.
Intrapopulation variability in the timing of ontogenetic habitat shifts in sea turtles revealed using δ15N values from bone growth rings

Determining location and timing of ontogenetic shifts in the habitat use of highly migratory species, along with possible intrapopulation variation in these shifts, is essential for understanding mechanisms driving alternate life histories and assessing overall population trends. Measuring variations in multi-year habitat-use patterns is especially difficult for remote oceanic species. To investigate the potential for differential habitat use among migratory marine vertebrates, we measured the naturally occurring stable nitrogen isotope (δ15 N) patterns that differentiate distinct ocean regions to create a 'regional isotope characterization', analysed the δ15 N values from annual bone growth layer rings from dead-stranded animals, and then combined the bone and regional isotope data to track individual animal movement patterns over multiple years. We used humeri from juvenile North Pacific loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta), animals that undergo long migrations across the North Pacific Ocean (NPO), using multiple discrete regions as they develop to adulthood. Typical of many migratory marine species, ontogenetic changes in habitat use throughout their decades-long juvenile stage is poorly understood, but each potential habitat has unique foraging opportunities and spatially explicit natural and anthropogenic threats that could affect key life-history parameters. We found a bimodal size/age distribution in the timing that juveniles underwent an ontogenetic habitat shift from the oceanic central North Pacific (CNP) to the neritic east Pacific region near the Baja California Peninsula (BCP) (42·7 ± 7·2 vs. 68·3 ± 3·4 cm carapace length, 7·5 ± 2·7 vs. 15·6 ± 1·7 years). Important to the survival of this population, these disparate habitats differ considerably in their food availability, energy requirements and threats, and these differences can influence life-history parameters such as growth, survival and future fecundity. This is the first evidence of alternative ontogenetic shifts and habitat-use patterns for juveniles foraging in the eastern NPO. We combine two techniques, skeletochronology and stable isotope analysis, to reconstruct multi-year habitat-use patterns of a remote migratory species, linked to estimated ages and body sizes of individuals, to reveal variable ontogeny during the juvenile life stage that could drive alternate life histories and that has the potential to illuminate the migration patterns for other species with accretionary tissues.
QCD critical point and complex chemical potential singularities

The thermodynamic singularities of QCD in the plane of complex baryo-chemical potential {mu} are studied. Predictions are made using scaling and universality arguments in the vicinity of the massless quark limit. The results are illustrated by a calculation of complex {mu} singularities in a random matrix model at finite temperature. Implications for lattice QCD simulations aimed at locating the QCD critical point are discussed.
Referents or role models? The influence of high-performing peers on self-efficacy and performance

Social cognitive theory suggests that working with higher performers should influence individual job performance because observing others promotes learning effective performance strategies and self...
The impact of obesity and timely antiviral administration on severe influenza outcomes among hospitalized adults.

Obesity was identified as a risk factor for severe influenza during the 2009 influenza A(H1N1)pandemic, but evidence of this association has been mixed since. Post-pandemic antiviral treatment guidelines may have increased antiviral treatment among obese individuals. A prospective study of adults hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza in Detroit, Michigan in 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 was conducted. Patient information was collected from interviews and medical chart abstraction. Obese (BMI ≥ 30) and non-obese (BMI 2 days from symptom onset), obesity (30 ≤ BMI < 40), and morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40) were evaluated as predictors of lower respiratory tract disease (LRD), ICU admission, and length of stay (LOS) using logistic regression and inverse probability weighted models. Forty-eight participants were included in the study after exclusions and all patients received antiviral treatment. Participants who were obese were significantly more likely to have a cough and to take steroids than non-obese participants, and had a shorter time from hospital admission to antiviral treatment (median time from admission to treatment of 0 days for obese patients and 1 day for non-obese patients [P = 0.001]). In all models, late antiviral treatment was associated with increased odds of LRD (OR: 3.9 [1.1,15.9] in fully adjusted model). After adjustment for treatment timing, the odds of ICU admission (OR: 6.4 [0.8,58.2] to 7.9 [0.9, 87.1]) and LRD (OR: 3.3 [0.5, 23.5] to 4.0 [0.6, 35.0]) associated with morbid obesity increased. Obese individuals were treated with antivirals earlier than others. Late antiviral treatment was associated with severe influenza in the hospital.
Automated Cell Segmentation for Quantitative Phase Microscopy

Automated cell segmentation and tracking is essential for dynamic studies of cellular morphology, movement, and interactions as well as other cellular behaviors. However, accurate, automated, and easy-to-use cell segmentation remains a challenge, especially in cases of high cell densities, where discrete boundaries are not easily discernable. Here, we present a fully automated segmentation algorithm that iteratively segments cells based on the observed distribution of optical cell volumes measured by quantitative phase microscopy. By fitting these distributions to known probability density functions, we are able to converge on volumetric thresholds that enable valid segmentation cuts. Since each threshold is determined from the observed data itself, virtually no input is needed from the user. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach over time using six cell types that display a range of morphologies, and evaluate these cultures over a range of confluencies. Facile dynamic measures of cell mobility and function revealed unique cellular behaviors that relate to tissue origins, state of differentiation, and real-time signaling. These will improve our understanding of multicellular communication and organization.
Motor-free composites from the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) for people with disabilities.

Purpose/objective The National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) includes a group of brief measures (i.e., 30 min) designed to assess language, processing speed, working memory, episodic memory, and executive functioning. These subtests can be combined to create composite scores that reflect fluid and crystallized cognition, as well as overall cognition. The battery is of limited utility with individuals who have impaired upper extremity motor functioning. This manuscript examines the accuracy of the Oral Symbol Digit Modalities Test as a substitute for the Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test for computing motor-free composite scores. Research Method/Design: Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI; n = 188), traumatic brain injury (TBI; n = 159), or stroke (n = 180) completed the NIHTB-CB. We used the Oral Symbol Digit Modalities Test to create a Motor-Free Pattern Comparison score; this was used to create revised, Motor-Free Composite scores for Fluid Cognition and Overall Cognition. Results Although there were statistically significant overall differences between the two Fluid and Overall Cognition composite scores for some of the clinical groups (scores based on the motor-free approach were significantly higher than the original score), these differences were small and partly because of overclassification of impaired processing speed in participants with motor impairment. There was good to substantial agreement with regard to "impairment" classification between the two sets of Original and Motor-Free composite scores. Conclusions/implications Although the Motor-Free scores are not a perfect match for the Original Composite scores, they provide a reliable and valid way to examine overall and fluid cognition in individuals with upper extremity motor impairments. (PsycINFO Database Record
Modeling Elastic Waves In Fractured Rock With the Kirchhoff Method

Interconnected fractures can serve as major conduits for fluid flow and can significantly alter the mechanical properties of rock. Information about the location, orientation, and mechanical and hydrologie properties of fractures are therefore of great importance in many problems encountered in the earth sciences. To obtain this information, crosshole seismic imaging methods such as ray tomography (Majer, 1990) and diffraction tomography (Tura, 1990) are currently being developed.
Social Justice and Informal Learning: Breaking the Social Comfort Zone and Facilitating Positive Ethnic Interaction

Social justice and diversity have been accepted as significant goals for educating today’s students. This article provides a description of a community-based diversity project in which students develop knowledge, skills, and dispositions by participating in meetings and discourses with individuals or groups of people from other ethnic and racial backgrounds. The outcomes of the student projects are then conceptualized and analyzed from the perspective of informal learning, which emphasizes student learning by highlighting aspects that are unplanned, unsystematic, and unofficial. Four main informal learning themes are presented and discussed: interethnic anxiety, self-correction, knowledge and empathy, and the community for interethnic learning.