cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
ANOMALOUS RELAXATION AND MOLECULAR DYNAMICS OF BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE IN CARBON DISULFIDE

We have employed the Hubbard relation to acquire semiquantitative information on the 13C spin−lattice relaxation rate of buckminsterfullerene in CS2. We found the spin rotation mechanism to be operative and its contribution to be significant at all temperatures studied here. With the exception of values at 303 K, we found very different chemical shift and spin rotation contributions in this solvent than in 1,2-dichlorobenzene-d4. In fact, the respective contributions were reversed at 313 K. This observation indicates that solvent effects play a critical role in determining how effective these mechanisms will be in a given solvent. Three hydrodynamic-based models were applied in an attempt at theoretically describing the rotational motion of the title molecule in CS2. The Stokes−Einstein−Debye (SED) model proved superior in duplicating our experimental findings. The agreement between the SED predictions and our experimental reorientational times suggests that C60 reorients in the “stick” limit where solute...
Application of Urbach rule optical absorption to composition measurement of Cd 1−y Zn y Te

The optical absorption coefficient of Cd1−yZny Te near the fundamental band edge was measured at room temperature using transmission spectroscopy. Like in other II–VI semiconductors, it was found that the absorption coefficient exhibits an exponential dependence on incident photon energy according to Urbach’s rule. It was also found that the exponential parameters depend on composition, y, of Cd1−y ZnyTe. A technique is described for determining the composition of Cd1−y ZnyTe from optical transmission spectroscopy. This technique has been implemented in the manufacturing of Cd1−yZnyTe substrates for lattice matched epitaxial growth of HgCdTe.
Comparisons of two-machine line models in throughput analysis

Throughput analysis is important for the design, operation and management of manufacturing systems. Due to the large state space, exact analytical results only exist for two-machine serial lines. To analyse longer lines or more complex systems, the two-machine line model becomes the building block for further development. Therefore, many two-machine line models have been presented in the literature. A thorough understanding of the nature and differences of the various two-machine line models is critical for future analysis and development. In this paper, we study eight different two-machine models, categorized by synchronous and asynchronous lines with both time-dependent and operation-dependent failures, respectively. For each model, we introduce and compare the assumptions, calculation formulae, and their performance in system throughput. The results show that all the models exhibit similar performance with small differences, comparable to (or less than) the accuracy of data collection on the factory floor.
Detection rates for ‘‘invisible’’-axion searches

Experiments are described to search for axions floating about in the halo of our galaxy and for axions emitted by the sun. Expressions are given for the signal strengths in these experiments.
A Redox-Activated MRI Contrast Agent that Switches Between Paramagnetic and Diamagnetic States

The design of molecular switches for the production of responsive or “smart” imaging agents is a major challenge. Of particular interest are agents that respond to biological redox environment to map those disease states that involve redox imbalances.[1] Redox imbalances may be triggered in many ways, including very low oxygen pressure or hypoxia in the case of solid tumors.[2] Importantly, the development of probes to map oxygen levels and corresponding redox status of tumor tissue may guide the development of tumor-selective drugs.[3]
Hypertensive Crisis and Myocardial Infarction following Massive Clonidine Overdose

OBJECTIVE:To describe a patient who experienced a hypertensive crisis and myocardial infarction following a massive dose of parenteral clonidine.CASE SUMMARY:A 62-year-old white woman with stage 3 breast cancer metastatic to the spine and a history of hypertension received a combined injection of hydromorphone 48.3 mg and clonidine 12.24 mg subcutaneously in an attempt to refill an implanted epidural infusion pump. She promptly developed mental deterioration, blurred vision, worsening respiration, tachycardia, and hypertension. She was immediately treated with naloxone, but subsequently experienced hypertensive urgency, a short-duration tonic–clonic seizure, and an anteroseptal myocardial infarction. Cardiac catheterization showed no arteriolar narrowing or blockage, but an anterior infarct was confirmed.DISCUSSION:Clonidine is a commonly used α-adrenergic agonist. At usual oral doses of 0.2–2 mg/d, it acts centrally to produce hypotensive effects; at doses >7 mg/d, it acts peripherally to stimulate α1- a...
The Vectorscope and its Applications in Color Tv, Fm and Radio Navigation - Second Edition

The Vectorscope is an oscillograph for the display of signals which consists of amplitude and/or phase modulation of a carrier at some specific center frequency. The Vectorscope displays amplitude-modulation as the radial distance of the scanning spot from center screen, and instantaneous phase as the angle counted from a fixed phase reference, say North, on the Vector screen.
The role of endogenous neurotensin in psychostimulant-induced disruption of prepulse inhibition and locomotion

article i nfo Prepulse inhibition Locomotion D-amphetamine Apomorphine Dizocilpine c-fos Neurotensin The neuropeptide neurotensin (NT) is closely associated with dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems in the rat brain. Central injection of NT into the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) or peripheral administration of NT receptor agonists, reduces many of the behavioral effects of psychostimulants. However, the role of endoge- nous NT in the behavioral effects of psychostimulants (e.g. DA agonists and NMDA receptor antagonists) remains unclear. Using a NTR antagonist, SR142948A, the current studies were designed to examine the role of endogenous NT in DA receptor agonist- and NMDA receptor antagonist-induced disruption of prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response (PPI), locomotor hyperactivity and brain-region specific c-fos mRNA expression. Adult male rats received a single i.p. injection of SR142948A or vehicle followed by D-amphetamine, apomorphine or dizocilpine challenge. SR142948A had no effect on baseline PPI, but dose-dependently attenuated D-amphetamine- and dizocilpine-induced PPI disruption and enhanced apomorphine-induced PPI disruption. SR142948A did not significantly affect either baseline locomotor activity or stimulant-induced hyperlocomotion. Systemic SR142948A administration prevented c-fos mRNA induction in mesolimbic terminal fields (prefrontal cortex, lateral septum, NAcc, ventral subiculum) induced by all three psychostimulants implicating the VTA as the site for NT modulation of stimulant-induced PPI disruption. Further characterization of the NT system may be valuable to find clinical useful compounds for schizophrenia and drug addiction.
The effects of stochastic resonance electrical stimulation and neoprene sleeve on knee proprioception

A variety of knee injuries and pathologies may cause a deficit in knee proprioception which may increase the risk of reinjury or the progression of disease. Stochastic resonance stimulation is a new therapy which has potential benefits for improving proprioceptive function. The objective of this study was to determine if stochastic resonance (SR) stimulation applied with a neoprene sleeve could improve knee proprioception relative to a no-stimulation/no-sleeve condition (control) or a sleeve alone condition in the normal, healthy knee. We hypothesized that SR stimulation when applied with a sleeve would enhance proprioception relative to the control and sleeve alone conditions. Using a cross-over within subject design, twenty-four healthy subjects were tested under four combinations of conditions: electrical stimulation/sleeve, no stimulation/sleeve, no stimulation/no sleeve, and stimulation/no sleeve. Joint position sense (proprioception) was measured as the absolute mean difference between a target knee joint angle and the knee angle reproduced by the subject. Testing was conducted during both partial-weight bearing (PWB) and non-weight bearing (NWB) tasks. Differences in joint position sense between the conditions were evaluated by repeated-measures analysis of variance testing. Joint position sense error during the stimulation/sleeve condition (2.48° ± 1.32°) was found to be more accurate (P < 0.05) relative to the control condition (3.35° ± 1.63°) in the PWB task. No difference in joint position sense error was found between stimulation/sleeve and sleeve alone conditions for the PWB task. Joint position sense error was not found to differ between any of the conditions for the NWB task. These results suggest that SR electrical stimulation when combined with a neoprene sleeve is an effective modality for enhancement of joint proprioception in the PWB knee. We believe these results suggest the need for further study of the potential of SR stimulation to correct proprioceptive deficits in a clinical population with knee injury/pathology or in subjects at risk of injury because of a proprioceptive deficit.
Spindle microtubule dynamics following ultraviolet-microbeam irradiations of mitotic diatoms.

Abstract Lesions ("ARBs") generated in metaphase and anaphase central spindles of Hantzschia by an ultraviolet microbeam are devoid of microtubules previously present. In vivo, the poleward transverse edge of the lesion invariably loses birefringence poleward, until this segment has vanished; the loss is slow during metaphase and faster at anaphase. The other transverse edge, proximal to the overlap, remains stable until disassembly of the whole spindle. We conclude that the central spindle microtubules are not in flux during metaphase to telophase, and that depolymerization of these microtubules takes place only from the end distal to the pole, as during normal spindle disassembly. Microtubule polarity and the creation of free ends may determine which microtubules are disassembled during later mitosis and how disassembly proceeds.
A UV Photodetector with Internal Gain Fabricated in Silicon on Sapphire CMOS

We report on a photodetector fabricated in silicon on sapphire (SOS) CMOS with a responsivity of 20,000 AAV at a voltage bias of 100mV for a 100mum2. The transparent sapphire substrate enables backside illumination of the device for wavelengths ranging from only 150nm up to several microns. The device achieves its sensitivity by exploiting the internal amplification of an MOS transistor biased in subthreshold. The optimum channel doping of the device is determined through TCAD simulations of the device structure.
A/J mice are susceptible and C57BL/6 mice are resistant to Listeria monocytogenes infection by intragastric inoculation.

Previous studies demonstrated that the innate resistance of mice to Listeria monocytogenes infection by intravenous or intraperitoneal inoculation is regulated principally by the Hc locus on mouse chromosome 2. The A/J and C57BL/6 mouse strains were identified as prototype L. monocytogenes-susceptible and -resistant strains, respectively. In the present study, we compared the relative susceptibilities of A/J and C57BL/6 mice to intragastric (i.g.) inoculation with L. monocytogenes. The results of our study indicate that A/J mice are significantly more susceptible than C57BL/6 mice to an i.g. challenge with L. monocytogenes. This was reflected in the estimated 50% lethal doses for the two strains (106 and 108 CFU for A/J and C57BL/6 mice, respectively) and a more rapid and severe dissemination of the infection to the spleen and liver in A/J mice than in C57BL/6 mice. Histopathological examination of tissues from the infected mice confirmed the greater severity of disease in A/J mice. Clearance of a primary infection enhanced the resistance of both A/J and C57BL/6 mice to reinfection with L. monocytogenes via the gastrointestinal tract. However, the relative difference in susceptibility between the two strains was evident even after immunization. The A/J mouse holds promise as a model for investigating the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal listeriosis because of its ability to develop systemic infection following challenge with numbers of organisms similar to those recovered from some L. monocytogenes-contaminated food products.
Conformational Dynamics of the Chromatin Fiber in Solution: Determinants, Mechanisms, and Functions

Chromatin fibers are dynamic macromolecular assemblages that are intimately involved in nuclear function. This review focuses on recent advances centered on the molecular mechanisms and determinants of chromatin fiber dynamics in solution. Major points of emphasis are the functions of the core histone tail domains, linker histones, and a new class of proteins that assemble supramolecular chromatin structures. The discussion of important structural issues is set against a background of possible functional significance.
Investigation of the relationships between immune-mediated inhibition of mycobacterial growth and other potential surrogate markers of protective Mycobacterium tuberculosis immunity.

Tuberculosis (TB) vaccine development is hindered by the lack of clear surrogate markers of protective human immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This study evaluated the hypothesis that immune-mediated inhibition of mycobacterial growth would more directly correlate with protective TB immunity than other immunologic responses. Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination, known to induce partial protection against TB, was used as a model system to investigate mechanistic relationships among different parameters of antigen-specific immunity. Effects of primary and booster intradermal BCG vaccinations were assessed in 3 distinct assays of mycobacterial inhibition. Correlations between vaccine-induced growth inhibition and other immune responses were analyzed. BCG significantly enhanced all antigen-specific responses. Peak responses occurred at 2 months after boosting. Statistical analyses suggested that each assay measured unique aspects of mycobacterial immunity. Despite previous evidence that type 1 immune responses are essential for TB immunity, interferon-gamma production did not correlate with mycobacterial inhibition. These results have important implications for TB vaccine development.
Litterfall, stemflow, and throughfall nutrient fluxes in an alluvial swamp forest.

Nutrient deposition to the forest floor of an alluvial swamp in the North Carolina Coastal Plain was measured and compared with other wetland and upland forests. For the alluvial forest, annual litterfall was 6428 kg dry mass/ha of which 63% was Nyssa aquatic leaves. Nutrient flux to the forest floor in kilograms per hectare per year for litterfall and aqueous sources (stemflow plus throughfall), respectively, was 2779 and 91.5 for organic carbon, 72.77 and 10.31 for N, 5.38 and 1.55 for P, 7.19 and 9.21 for S, 21.1 and 11.96 for K, 45.1 and 15.31 for Ca, and 17.0 and 7.60 for Mg. Most of these values are near the upper range or higher than those reported for mature upland temperate forests and still-water swamps. The particularly high values for nitrogen and phosphorus in the alluvial forest may be a consequence of fluvial sources, whereas nutrient sources for upland forests and still-water swamps are restricted to atmospheric inputs and weathering.
Adsorption of Phosphonates onto the Goethite-Water Interface

Abstract The adsorption of one phosphonate, two hydroxyphosphonates, and five aminophosphonates onto the iron (hydr)oxide goethite (α-FeOOH) has been studied as a function of pH. At phosphonate concentrations significantly lower than the total number of available surface sites, nearly 100% adsorption is observed below pH 8.0. Adsorption decreases to negligible levels as the pH is increased to 12.0. Under the conditions just described, adsorption of nitrilotris(methylenephosphonic acid) as a function of pH is nearly independent of the ionic strength (from 1 mM to 1 M). At phosphonate concentrations close to the total number of available surface sites, adsorption decreases over a broader range in pH and reflects the number of phosphonate groups. At pH 7.2, the maximum extent of adsorption decreases as the number of phosphonate groups increases from one to five. Adsorption is modeled using a 2-pKconstant capacitance model that postulates formation of a 1:1 surface complex involving one surface site and one phosphonate functional group. Denoting the fully deprotonated phosphonate ligand asLa−, different protonation levels for adsorbed phosphonate species are represented by a series of equilibrium constants of the form [equation]. For a phosphonate of chargea−, there are (a− 1) possible surface protonation levels. For a surface protonation leveln, log βn,surfvalues derived from this modeling approach are related to the surface complex chargeZthrough the following linear relationship: [equation]. Using this approach, adsorption as a function of phosphonate concentration and pH can be fully accounted for.
Connectivity of mobile linear networks with dynamic node population and delay constraint

The connectivity properties of a mobile linear network with high speed mobile nodes and strict delay constraint are investigated. A new mobility model is developed to represent the steady state node distribution, and it accurately captures the statistical properties of random node arrival, time-varying node speed, and the distinct behaviors of nodes following different traffic patterns.With the mobility model, the statistical properties of network connectivity are studied and identified. Unlike most previous works that do not consider the impacts of transmission latency, which is critical for real time applications, this paper identifies the quantitative relationship between network connectivity and delay constraint. The results are applicable to both delay constrained networks and delay tolerant networks. The connectivity analysis is performed with a novel geometry-assisted analytical method. Exact connectivity probability expressions are developed by using the volumes of a hypercube intersected by a hyperplane, and a hyperpyramid. The geometry-assisted analytical method significantly simplifies the connectivity analysis.
“It’s not just learning English, it’s learning other cultures”: belonging, power, and possibility in an immigrant contact zone

This ethnographic investigation of a multiethnic, multilingual classroom examines the ways in which immigrant students’ goals for community and belonging were mediated by their vibrant cultural and linguistic practices. Findings demonstrate how youth formed a community of practice through brokering acts, resource pooling, and linguistic play across national, cultural, and linguistic differences. As such, immigrant students were agentive transcultural navigators whose practices broach new understandings of social life and learning, and present a pedagogy of possibility. It is argued that immigrant classrooms in contact zones must be reenvisioned – from reductive spaces where educational goals are to acculturate the immigrant into a fading US homogeneous mainstream – to cutting edge spaces of twenty-first-century learning.
Public Organizations and Local Rural Development: an Empirical Analysis

This paper describes an empirical approach designed and adopted to analyze and qualify the role of some public agencies devoted to rural development. These public organizations operate as critical agents in managing local public goods within a complex relation system functioning on a rural area. On the bases of the experiences and observations made on a case study in Central Italy, it emerges an analytical framework deriving from the correlation of an objective and subjective perspectives in the evaluation of these organizations’ performances. From these correlations, it derives a model to empirically classify these agencies evaluating also their potentials in creating integration, condensation and amalgamation phenomena based on trust, efficiency and effectiveness and their eventual potentials in determining positive impacts for the rural areas in which they operate.
Role of surface heat fluxes underneath cold pools

The role of surface heat fluxes underneath cold pools is investigated using cloud-resolving simulations with either interactive or horizontally homogenous surface heat fluxes over an ocean and a simplified land surface. Over the ocean, there are limited changes in the distribution of the cold pool temperature, humidity, and gust front velocity, yet interactive heat fluxes induce more cold pools, which are smaller, and convection is then less organized. Correspondingly, the updraft mass flux and lateral entrainment are modified. Over the land surface, the heat fluxes underneath cold pools drastically impact the cold pool characteristics with more numerous and smaller pools, which are warmer and more humid and accompanied by smaller gust front velocities. The interactive fluxes also modify the updraft mass flux and reduce convective organization. These results emphasize the importance of interactive surface fluxes instead of prescribed flux boundary conditions, as well as the formulation of surface heat fluxes, when studying convection.
An Upper Limit on Ωm Using Lensed Arcs

We use current observations on the number statistics of gravitationally lensed optical arcs toward galaxy clusters to derive an upper limit on the cosmological mass density of the universe. The gravitational lensing statistics from foreground clusters combine properties of both cluster evolution, which is sensitive to the matter density, and volume change, which is sensitive to the cosmological constant. The uncertainties associated with the predicted number of lensing events, however, currently do not allow one to distinguish between flat and open cosmological models with and without a cosmological constant. Still, after accounting for known errors, and assuming that clusters in general have dark matter core radii of the order ~35 h-1 kpc, we find that the cosmological mass density, Ωm, is less than 0.56 at the 95% confidence. Such a dark matter core radius is consistent with cluster potentials determined recently by detailed numerical inversions of strong and weak lensing imaging data. If no core radius is present, the upper limit on Ωmincreases to 0.62 (95% confidence level). The estimated upper limit on Ωm is consistent with various cosmological probes that suggest a low matter density for the universe.
Individual and group performance during an interactive lecture: anatomy of a session (211.2)

Interactive lecturing (IL) techniques attempt to shift the focus of the lecture toward student engagement in learning. These techniques, combined with effective activities, can be applied to large ...
On Procedures for Measuring Deprivation and Living Standards of Societies in a Multi-Attribute Framework

When a society's overall deprivation or living standard is assessed in a multi-attribute framework, the following procedure is often used. First, for each attribute, a summary index is constructed to reflect a society's performance in relation to this attribute. Then, an indicator of the overall performance of the society in terms of all the attributes together is constructed. This paper discusses a difficulty associated with this procedure. We show that the difficulty lies in its inability to reconcile two highly attractive ethical principles - the first reflecting a requirement of treating individuals symmetrically and the second reflecting a requirement for equity-sensitivity. This problem implies that this widely-used procedure must lead to possibly untenable conclusions, and that it is necessary to adopt alternative procedures. The alternative procedure must permit describing a society's overall deprivation or living standard as an aggregate of the comprehensive deprivations or living standards experienced by the individuals in the society.
Fibrin degradation products in the postoperative period. Evaluation of a new latex agglutination method.

Sera from 25 patients suspected of having elevated fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products and from 101 postoperative patients were tested with a new latex agglutination test. The former were also tested by an immunodiffusion method. The results indicate that the latex agglutination technic is reliable and rapid and is suitable for use in the routine clinical laboratory.
Analysis of a directly heated oxyfuel supercritical power generation system

Directly heated supercritical oxy-fuel gas turbines have potential to provide a higher thermal efficiency with carbon capture compared to current gas turbine systems. Furthermore, due to the higher density of the working fluids the turbomachinery footprint can be reduced significantly. Motivated by the advantages of the directly heated supercritical power system, this paper presents the analysis of such a system. The analysis was conducted using ASPEN HYSYS assuming two different phases of combustion feed system including the gaseous and liquid phases. P-v diagrams for both cycles were generated and compared to each other to determine which is more efficient. The analysis revealed that the liquid phase feeding system produced a higher net power than the gaseous phase feeding system. The investigation showed that the system yielded a higher net efficiency of 55.1% when gaseous carbon dioxide is employed as a diluent.
Molecular Characterizations of Surface Proteins Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase from Recent H5Nx Avian Influenza Viruses.

ABSTRACT During 2014, a subclade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N8) virus caused poultry outbreaks around the world. In late 2014/early 2015, the virus was detected in wild birds in Canada and the United States, and these viruses also gave rise to reassortant progeny, composed of viral RNA segments (vRNAs) from both Eurasian and North American lineages. In particular, viruses were found with N1, N2, and N8 neuraminidase vRNAs, and these are collectively referred to as H5Nx viruses. In the United States, more than 48 million domestic birds have been affected. Here we present a detailed structural and biochemical analysis of the surface antigens of H5N1, H5N2, and H5N8 viruses in addition to those of a recent human H5N6 virus. Our results with recombinant hemagglutinin reveal that these viruses have a strict avian receptor binding preference, while recombinantly expressed neuraminidases are sensitive to FDA-approved and investigational antivirals. Although H5Nx viruses currently pose a low risk to humans, it is important to maintain surveillance of these circulating viruses and to continually assess future changes that may increase their pandemic potential. IMPORTANCE The H5Nx viruses emerging in North America, Europe, and Asia pose a great public health concern. Here we report a molecular and structural study of the major surface proteins of several H5Nx influenza viruses. Our results improve the understanding of these new viruses and provide important information on their receptor preferences and susceptibilities to antivirals, which are central to pandemic risk assessment.
WISC and WISC-R range and mean deviation: indices of scatter for a clinic-referred population.

Summary.-Two indices of scatter (range and mean deviation) were measured from the protocols of 86 WISC-Rs and 670 WISG in the files of a psychological clinic. Scatter scores were -sigaificantly different from those in Kaufman's analysis of the WISC-R normative data, but substantial overlap existed In the distributions. The different scatter indices were significantly intercorrelated. GPA for a subsample (n = 42) of the WISC group was unrelated to scatter. Researchers have been persistent in attempting co discover relationships between scatter and behavioral problems of diagnostic groups. Few have obtained information of practical significance. Nevertheless, scatter indices continue to influence clinicians' judgments (Ribner & Kahn, 1981), and this practice invites inspection. The present srudy investigated the relationship of WISC and WISCR subtest scatter in a clinical group to a number of variables, including scatter in the normal population and academic achievement. Two different measures of scatter, range and mean deviation (MD), were also compared.' WlSC (N = 670) and WISGR (N = 86) protocols obtained
Role of Surface Structure on the Charge Trapping in TiO2 Photocatalysts

Surface reconstruction of the rutile-TiO2(011)-2 × 1 surface places Ti ions in a distorted square pyramidal coordination environment. This variation of the crystal field compared to the common octa...
An Example of Synergistic Growth Inhibition Between Root-Inhabiting Fungi

During a study of the interrelationships of root-inhabiting fungi and the occurrence of "dieback" of yellow birch (Betula lutea Michx.) in Nova Scotia, Mortierella alpina Peyronel and two unidentified imperfect species, which have never been observed to sporulate, were the most commonly isolated fungi. When these three fungi were grown singly and in all possible combinations in mixed shake culture they produced a very unusual pattern of growth inhibition which seemed worthy of further investigation. The three organisms used were all isolated in 1950 from dying roots of yellow birch at Lake O'Law, Inverness Co., N. S. The fungi were grown singly and in all possible combinations in 20 ml. of liquid media in 125 ml. Erlenmeyer flasks shaken continuously on a reciprocating shaker at 104 strokes per minute at 23? C. The medium used contained 20 gm. dextrose, 5 grams Difco yeast ex? tract and 1000 cc. distilled water. The medium was decanted from the flasks after 14 days and cellulose penicillin assay disks were dipped into the culture media and placed on the surface of agar pour plates of the same medium plus 1% agar heavily inoculated with a suspension of ground mycelium and spores of Mortierella alpina. The media from A and B grown separately or together inhibited growth of M. alpina. To test the thermostability of the active principle an aliquot of the medium from each of these cultures was autoclaved at 15 lbs. pressure for 15 minutes at 125? C. In addi? tion equal amounts of culture media from A were mixed with media from B, both before and after autoclaving. These media and mixtures of media were all tested in quadruplicate for their possible ability to inhibit growth of M. alpina. Since M. alpina showed no inhibition against A or B, it was not tested further.
Outcomes of a single site clinic for eating disorders in child and youth mental health.

Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and restrictive eating disorders present a significant burden of disease within the Australian Community with AN having the highest mortality rate of all psychiatric disorders. Family Based Treatment for Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa (FBT) has the best evidence worldwide for successful treatment outcome and sustained recovery. In October 2012, The Children Health Services District established a specialised weekly clinic to provide FBT for community based treatment of AN. Multidisciplinary staff with a background in Family therapy were trained in FBT. The aim was to develop a specialist service targeted at a high risk and resource-intensive population. Prior to establishing the clinic in this form Family based Treatment was provided at three separate community clinics. The intention of establishing a single clinic was to facilitate greater access to supervision and increase model fidelity, increase the capacity of the service, enhance the sense of team cohesion and increase the overall number of referrals. The presentation will outline the outcomes from the first two years of this specialist clinic. These include, a reduction in length of stay in hospital inpatient units, an increased proportion of families completing FBT, reduced length of time in treatment and an increased identification of anorexia nervosa with corresponding increased referrals into FBT.
The Nature of the Action Potentials of Crustacean Muscles

An investigation has been made of the action potentials of the muscles of the crayfish, Cambarus clarkii . It was found that the polarity of these potentials was in many instances the reverse of that expected. It is shown that ‘positive’ potentials cannot be explained by injury to the active tissue, by the complex structure of the muscles, or by the direction of the muscle fibres. Using muscles in which all extraneous connexions could be rigorously avoided, the muscle action potentials were invariably found to be negative. Direct evidence is presented for the local non-conducted nature of the crustacean muscle action potentials. An hypothesis is offered to explain the monophasicity and polarity of these action potentials on the basis of multiple unilateral innervation of the muscle fibres.
Changes to physician processing times in response to clinic congestion and patient punctuality: a retrospective study

Objectives We examine interactions among 3 factors that affect patient waits and use of overtime in outpatient clinics: clinic congestion, patient punctuality and physician processing rates. We hypothesise that the first 2 factors affect physician processing rates, and this adaptive physician behaviour serves to reduce waiting times and the use of overtime. Setting 2 urban academic clinics and an affiliated suburban clinic in metropolitan Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Participants Appointment times, patient arrival times, start of service and physician processing times were collected for 105 visits at a low-volume suburban clinic 1, 264 visits at a medium-volume academic clinic 2 and 22 266 visits at a high-volume academic clinic 3 over 3 distinct spans of time. Intervention Data from the first clinic were previously used to document an intervention to influence patient punctuality. This included a policy that tardy patients were rescheduled. Primary and secondary outcome measures Clinicians9 processing times were gathered, conditioned on whether the patient or clinician was tardy to test the first hypothesis. Probability distributions of patient unpunctuality were developed preintervention and postintervention for the clinic in which the intervention took place and these data were used to seed a discrete-event simulation. Results Average physician processing times differ conditioned on tardiness at clinic 1 with p=0.03, at clinic 2 with p=10 −5 and at clinic 3 with p=10 −7 . Within the simulation, the adaptive physician behaviour degrades system performance by increasing waiting times, probability of overtime and the average amount of overtime used. Each of these changes is significant at the p Conclusions Processing times differed for patients in different states in all 3 settings studied. When present, this can be verified using data commonly collected. Ignoring these behaviours leads to faulty conclusions about the efficacy of efforts to improve clinic flow.
Copper power pad design challenges for robust and high energy efficient packages

Current technology trend demands not only for high efficiency but also for portable devices, devices which can be carried and access anywhere and everywhere. This continues drives semiconductor's package towards miniaturization. One way is by placing active circuitry underneath the bond pads, this will reduce the die size, hence achieve lower cost per chip. This technology has led to the development of a more robust top metal that can withstand the high ultrasonic energy being applied in the bond pad. The use of thick copper power metallization in package design had shown significant benefits over the conventional aluminum top metal. Copper power metallization is a stack layer of thick copper (10um), nickel (2.0um) and gold (0.5um) plated over the top passivation layer. These prominently improve the overall device electrical performance with higher efficiency and lower Rds(on) by offering metallization with lower resistance and enables die size reduction of 10∼25% and provides flexibility which allows assembly of thicker bonding wires for high power applications. In copper power metallization, it helps in bondability and improves structural robustness especially with copper wire for underlying circuitry during the process. This paper presents the unique structure of this pad metallization, the challenges from die design phase and also looked at potential issues concerning passivation cracks and pad corrosions. This paper will also tackle how a stack layer of CuNiAu mitigates issues which are commonly encountered with Cu-Al bonding system (aluminum splash out issue, pad cratering and galvanic corrosion). The overall component interface integrity for this new metallization is unknown to us. Detail simulations were carried out to understand the system stress generated between the copper power pad and silicon (Si) die which affect the passivation integrity as well. Detail characterizations will be discussed to understand the ratcheting mechanism and its resolution. Assessment on package integrity with Moisture Level Sensitive (MSL1) condition was done to ensure it is well integrated with currently assembly process and material used with no delamination found.
A Decision Support System for Improving Resiliency of Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control Systems

Abstract Advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs) enhance transportation safety and mobility, and reduce impacts on the environment and economical costs, through decreasing driver errors. One of the main features of ADASs is cruise control system that maintains the driver's desired speed without intervention from the driver. Adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems adjust the vehicle's speed to maintain a safe following distance to the vehicle in front. Adding vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications (V2X) to ACC systems, result in cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) systems, where each vehicle has trajectory data of all other vehicles in the same lane. Although CACC systems offer advantages over ACC systems in increasing throughput and average speed, they are more vulnerable to cyber-security attacks. This is due to V2X communications that increase the attack surface from one vehicle to multiple vehicles. In this paper, we inject common types of attack on the application layer of connected vehicles to show their vulnerability in comparison to autonomous vehicles. We also proposed a decision support system that eliminates risk of inaccurate information. The microscopic work simulates a CACC system with a bi-objective PID controller and a fuzzy detector. A case study is illustrated in detail to verify the system functionality.
A two-site, two-arm, 34-week, double-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial of reduced nicotine cigarettes in smokers with mood and/or anxiety disorders: trial design and protocol

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration can set standards for cigarettes that could include reducing their nicotine content. Such a standard should improve public health without causing unintended serious consequences for sub-populations. This study evaluates the effect of progressive nicotine reduction in cigarettes on smoking behavior, toxicant exposure, and psychiatric symptoms in smokers with comorbid mood and/or anxiety disorders using a two-site, two-arm, double-blind, parallel group, randomized controlled trial (RCT) in four phases over 34 weeks. Adult smokers (N = 200) of 5 or more cigarettes per day will be randomized across two sites (Penn State and Massachusetts General). Participants must have not had a quit attempt in the prior month, nor be planning to quit in the next 6 months, meet criteria for a current or lifetime unipolar mood and/or anxiety disorder based on the structured Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and must not have an unstable medical or psychiatric condition. After a week of smoking their own cigarettes, participants receive two weeks of Spectrum research cigarettes with usual nicotine content (11.6 mg). After this baseline period, participants will be randomly assigned to continue smoking Spectrum research cigarettes that contain either (a) Usual Nicotine Content (11.6 mg); or (b) Reduced Nicotine Content: the nicotine content per cigarette is progressively reduced from approximately 11.6 mg to 0.2 mg in five steps over 18 weeks. At the end of the randomization phase, participants will be offered the choice to either (a) quit smoking with assistance, (b) continue smoking free research cigarettes, or (c) return to purchasing their own cigarettes, for the final 12 weeks of the study. The primary outcome measure is blood cotinine; key secondary outcomes are: exhaled carbon monoxide, urinary total NNAL- 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol and 1-hydroxypyrene, oxidative stress biomarkers including 8-isoprostanes, measures of psychiatric symptoms (e.g., depression, anxiety), smoking behavior and dependence (e.g., cigarette consumption, quit attempts), and health effects (e.g., blood pressure, respiratory symptoms). Results from this study will inform FDA on the potential effects of regulating the nicotine content of cigarettes and help determine whether smokers with mood and/or anxiety disorders can safely transition to significantly reduced nicotine content cigarettes. TRN: NCT01928758 , registered August 21, 2013.
Evaluation of the Expert Advisement in a Virtual Graduate School Panel for Computer Science Students

The continually increasing population of underrepresented minorities (URM) and a shortage black students who are entering into academic majors involving Computer Science (CS), provide substantial justification for the U.S to invest in the creation of means that increase the presence of blacks in CS disciplines. One mean as such is the concept of a graduate school panel. It can be noted that graduate school panels are instrumental in the dissemination of post-baccalaureate CS education. This research is a worth-while attempt to virtualize audience-specific graduate school panels. We hypothesize that black students with access to the Virtual Graduate School Panel (VGSP) web-portal will be motivated and equipped to pursue graduate studies in CS disciplines. Current results show that our web-portal, the Virtual Graduate School Panel (VGSP), is favorable in usefulness to a sample of black undergraduate CS students. Notable limitations, such as a small sample and confinement to descriptive statistical test, lay the groundwork for future studies that will examine the effectiveness of the VGSP beyond the scope of this pilot study.
Upgrade of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter for the High Luminosity LHC

The ATLAS hadronic Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) covers the central angular region of the detector. The TileCal will undergo a major replacement of its on- and off-detector electronics in 2024 for the high luminosity program of the LHC. The TileCal signals will be digitized and sent directly to the off-detector electronics, which will store them in fixed-latency buffers and digitally construct and transmit trigger sums for the Level-1 trigger at a rate of 40 MHz. The improved signal resolution and precision will allow more complex and effective algorithms to be implemented in the Level-1 trigger hardware. Three different front-end options are currently being investigated for the TileCal upgrade with extensive test beam studies to determine which option will be selected. The off-detector electronics are based on the Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA) standard and are equipped with large, modern FPGAs and high-performance optical links. The on-detector electronics are designed to operate in a high radiation environment and has a high level of redundancy. The large scale, high performance FPGAs are also extensively used for the logic functions and data links in data acquisition for on-detector electronics. A hybrid Demonstrator prototype with the new calorimeter module electronics, but still compatible with the present system, is planned to be inserted in ATLAS in one of the next winter shutdowns.
The Impact of Organizational Slack and Lag Time on Economic Productivity: The Case of ERP Systems

Much like research on the productivity paradox of the 1980s, empirical research has not provided a clear association between investments in enterprise resource planning ERP systems and improved pro...
A crossed beam investigation of the reactions of tricarbon molecules, C3(X1Σg+), with acetylene, C2H2(X1Σg+), ethylene, C2H4(X1Ag), and benzene, C6H6(X1A1g)

Abstract Crossed molecular beams experiments have been conducted to examine the chemical dynamics of the reactions of the tricarbon molecule, C 3 ( X 1 Σ g + ) , with acetylene, C 2 H 2 ( X 1 Σ g + ) , ethylene, C2H4(X1Ag), and benzene, C6H6(X1A1g). All reactions proceeded via a tricarbon versus atomic hydrogen exchange pathway and are defined by characteristic threshold energies of 80–90 kJ mol−1 (acetylene), 40–50 kJ mol−1 (ethylene), and 90–110 kJ mol−1 (benzene) yielding the 2,4-pentadiynylidyne radical, HCCCCC(X2Π) (acetylene), 1,2,3,4-pentatetraene-yl-1, HCCCCCH2(X2B1) (ethylene), and phenyltricarbon, C6H5CCC(X2A) (benzene) plus atomic hydrogen. Our findings suggest that tricarbon molecules can react in high temperature combustion flames with unsaturated hydrocarbon molecules to form hydrogen-deficient radicals.
Intracellular nucleoside triphosphate concentrations in HIV-infected patients on dual nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor therapy.

Background: Intracellular nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor triphosphate (NRTI-TP) concentrations are crucial in suppressing HIV replication. Little is known about how commonly used dual-NRTI regimens affect the intracellular levels of NRTI-TPs, the active form of these drugs. This study investigates the effect of dual-NRTI therapy in intracellular NRTI-TP levels. Methods: NRTI and NRTI-TP concentrations were evaluated in HIV-infected patients receiving either lamivudine (3TC) and stavudine (d4T) or lamivudine with zidovudine (ZDV); NRTI and NRTI-TP concentrations were determined using a validated HPLC/MS/MS method. Plasma HIV-1 RNA levels were determined at baseline and monthly to examine the relationship between NRTI-TP concentrations and plasma HIV-1 RNA. Results: Forty-one subjects completed the study. 3TC-TP significantly increased between day 1 and week 28 from 1.48 to 5.00 pmol/10 6 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC; P<0.0001). NRTI-TP concentrations for d4T and ZDV did not significantly increase, with values at week 28 of 0.011 and 0.02 pmol/10 6 PBMC, respectively. Mean NRTI-TP/plasma ratios were 3%, 0.007% and 0.05% for 3TC, d4T and ZDV, respectively. Linear relationships were observed between ZDV- and 3TC-TP and changes in plasma HIV-1 RNA. Conclusion: Of the three drugs studied, only 3TC-TP levels increased significantly between day 1 and week 28. ZDV-TP and 3TC-TP levels were unaffected by dual-NRTI therapy relative to monotherapy, regardless of the combination (3TC-ZDV or 3TC-d4T). Intracellular levels of d4T-TP were similar to previous reports for dual-NRTI therapy; however, in the case of d4T, these values appear lower than those achieved with d4T monotherapy.
ROME, SEASON TWO: TRIAL AND TRIUMPH Ed. Monica S. Cyrino. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 2015. 272 pp. $120.00 hardcover.

Rome, Season Two: Trial and Triumph comes from the Screening Antiquity series, which examines film and television representations of classical history. This installment in the series focuses on the...
Dense instanton-dyon liquid model: Diagrammatics

We revisit the instanton-dyon liquid model in the confined phase by using a nonlinear Debye-Huckel (DH) resummation for the Coulomb interactions induced by the moduli, followed by a cluster expansion. The organization is shown to rapidly converge and yields center symmetry at high density. The dependence of these results on a finite vacuum angle is also discussed. We also formulate the hypernetted chain (HNC) resummation for the dense instanton-dyon liquid and use it to estimate the liquid pair correlation functions in the DH limit. At very low temperature, the dense limit interpolates between chains and rings of instanton--anti-instanton dyons and a bcc crystal, with strong topological and magnetic correlations.