cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Giusti son due e non vi sono intesi

L'articolo propone una ipotesi di lettura di un luogo disputato della Commedia (S'alcun v'e giusto… giusti son due ma non sono intesi) di Inferno VI, recuperando lo spessore dell'evocazione dantesc...
Dolichol deposition in developing mammalian brain: content of free and fatty-acylated dolichol and proportion of specific isoprenologues

Abstract Dolichol serves a critical role in N-linked glycoprotein synthesis as the carrier of saccharide moieties. In this study the deposition of dolichol was investigated in developing rat brain. The contents of both the free and fatty-acylated forms of dolichol as well as the specific isoprenologues of dolichol were determined. Two distinctive phases of rapid dolichol deposition were observed; the first during brain development, and the second, with aging. The predominant form of brain dolichol was shown to be the free derivative at all ages; however, during the two phases of rapid deposition of total dolichol, fatty-acylated dolichol became detectable and increased transiently. The rapid rate of increase of brain dolichol during development occurred later than that of brain cholesterol, which shares a common biosynthetic pathway with dolichol. Thus, the peak rate of increase of dolichol occurred at 25 days postnatal, and of cholesterol, at 18 days postnatal. A distinct ontogenetic alteration in the proportion of the individual molecular species (isoprenologues) of dolichol also was defined. These observations suggest that dolichol is particularly involved in developmental events of the third to sixth postnatal weeks in rat brain, e.g. myelination and synaptogenesis.
Prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients with chronic kidney disease: risk and benefits of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator

Implantation of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) for primary prevention has been shown to significantly reduce mortality in several randomized controlled trials. However, many of these trials have excluded patients on hemodialysis as well as patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Whether the benefits of ICD therapy extend to patients with CKD is not clear. This review will examine the relationship between advancing stage of CKD and risk/benefit of ICD placement. Furthermore, we will review the recent evidence for the rates of complications as CKD advances. The intent is to assist the clinician who is considering the risks and benefits of ICD implantation in patients who have significant competing comorbidities and have not been specifically studied in randomized controlled trials.
Low and high deviance analogue assessment of parent-training with physically abusive parents

This study examined the utility of a parent-training program which included training to facilitate generalization to high-demand child-management situations, and employed structured analogue assessments of parent discipline performance in high-demand situations. A single-subject design was used to evaluate the effects of intervention with three physically abusive parents. The use of parenting skills was observed during free-play assessments (in clinic and home) with their child and two home-simulation assessments (low- and highdeviance) with clinical assistants enacting scripted child behaviors. Results support the effectiveness of the parent-training package and the use of low- and high-demand home-simulation assessments. Attempts to assess the impact of treatment on child management related to high-demand situations is particularly important given that these situations may function as antecedents to abuse behavior. The findings contribute to the literature on parent-training withphysically abusive parents and suggest directions for future research and practice.
Diffusion of strontium in ion-exchange membranes

Abstract Cation-exchange membranes containing various proportions of Sr ++ and H + were permitted to interact. If the membranes are brought into direct contact, transfer of radioactive strontium is rapid, but if the membranes are kept separated so that migration of ions must proceed via solution, Sr transfer is exceedingly slow. The rate of diffusion of Sr inside the membranes depends on the degree of Sr saturation. In membranes fully saturated with Sr the self-diffusion coefficient is 1.3 × 10 −8 cm. 2 /sec. The activation energy is 6600 cal./mole.
Anatomical characterization of Cre driver mice for neural circuit mapping and manipulation

Significant advances in circuit-level analyses of the brain require tools that allow for labeling, modulation of gene expression, and monitoring and manipulation of cellular activity in specific cell types and/or anatomical regions. Large-scale projects and individual laboratories have produced hundreds of gene-specific promoter-driven Cre mouse lines invaluable for enabling genetic access to subpopulations of cells in the brain. However, the potential utility of each line may not be fully realized without systematic whole brain characterization of transgene expression patterns. We established a high-throughput in situ hybridization, imaging and data processing pipeline to describe whole brain gene expression patterns in Cre driver mice. Currently, anatomical data from over 100 Cre driver lines are publicly available via the Allen Institute’s Transgenic Characterization database, which can be used to assist researchers in choosing the appropriate Cre drivers for functional, molecular, or connectional studies of different regions and/or cell types in the brain.
A Fractional Termination for Ladder Networks

When using a uniform ladder network to simulate a smooth transmission line, the possibility is considered of deriving a termination which would be intermediate between the usual mid-shunt and mid-series types and which would have advantages over the latter. It is found that a new termination is possible which gives some improvement throughout a limited frequency range. For the dissipationless case, the range corresponds to a line of less than a quarter wave length. The improvements attainable are of the order of a few per cent and become less significant the greater the number of network sections. Thus, although the formula for the new termination and the estimates of the results which it will accomplish are given for any number of sections, the new termination is of most practical value for circuits of few sections. In arriving at this termination, consideration is given to the variation of each of the elements of the pair on each end; but of these two, the end element is the only one whose variation yields an improvement. For the frequency range for which the modified circuit is an improvement, the distinction between the two original types of termination largely is lost, the modified midshunt and modified mid-series terminations being almost identical. Beyond this range there is a difference between them, and the corresponding original and new networks are nearly equivalent. A possible application of the results is suggested in which the simulation of a smooth line is not involved.
The addicted synapse: mechanisms of synaptic and structural plasticity in nucleus accumbens

Addictive drugs cause persistent restructuring of several neuronal cell types in the limbic regions of brain thought to be responsible for long-term behavioral plasticity driving addiction. Although these structural changes are well documented in nucleus accumbens medium spiny neurons, little is known regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms. Additionally, it remains unclear whether structural plasticity and its synaptic concomitants drive addictive behaviors or whether they reflect homeostatic compensations to the drug not related to addiction per se. Here, we discuss recent paradoxical data, which either support or oppose the hypothesis that drug-induced changes in dendritic spines drive addictive behavior. We define areas where future investigation can provide a more detailed picture of drug-induced synaptic reorganization, including ultrastructural, electrophysiological and behavioral studies.
Comprehensive care of the child with a chronic condition. Part 1. Understanding chronic conditions in childhood

Abstract Understanding the care of children with chronic illnesses and disabilities is an important part of the practice of pediatrics. Children with special health care needs and their families benefit from the support which comprehensive, coordinated, accessible, and responsive services provide. Although the primary care pediatrician is often most appropriate to serve as the overall coordinator of such services, many challenges to providing such care exist. Part 2, “Primary Care Management” will suggest guiding principles and management structures that allow the pediatrician to respond most effectively over time to the needs of children with chronic conditions and their families.
Beta decay and the origins of biological chirality - Experimental results

Preliminary experimental results are presented of an investigation of the possible role of preferential radiolysis by electrons emitted in the beta decay of radionuclides, a parity-nonconserving process, in the universal causation of the optical activity of biological compounds. Experiments were designed to measure the asymmetry in the production of triplet positronium upon the bombardment of an amino acid powder target by a collimated beam of positrons as positron helicity or target chirality is reversed. No asymmetry down to a level of 0.0007 is found in experiments on the D and L forms of cystine and tryptophan, indicating an asymmetry in positronium formation cross section of less than 0.01, while an asymmetry of 0.0031 is found for leucine, corresponding to a formation cross section asymmetry of about 0.04
Implicit perception, implicit memory, and the recovery of unconscious material in psychotherapy

A review of the empirical literature on implicit perception and implicit memory reveals that Freud's hypotheses regarding free association, transference, and the recovery of unconscious material in therapy were correct in some areas and incorrect in others. Empirical evidence confirms that--as Freud hypothesized--when implicit (i.e., unconscious) perceptions and memories are made explicit (i.e., conscious), individuals are able to make more logical, realistic judgments and inferences regarding those perceptions and memories. However, empirical evidence does not support Freud's contention that free association is a particularly powerful tool for accessing unconscious material. The implications of these findings for psychoanalytic theory and therapy are discussed, and alternative approaches to accessing unconscious material in psychotherapy are described.
Sample size calculation from specified RMS of the resubstitution error for linear classifiers

Error estimation must be used to find the accuracy of a designed classifier, an issue that is critical in biomarker discovery. This paper applies analytical results derived previously by the authors concerning the exact sampling distribution of resubstitution for LDA under a Gaussianity assumption in order to investigate how the RMS for resubstitution behaves as a function of sample size. In particular, this allows one to make simple sample-size calculations based on a specified RMS.
CBT stress management reduces recurrent CAD events after myocardial infarction

Commentary on: M Gulliksson, G Burell, B Vessby, et al.. Randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy vs standard treatment to prevent recurrent cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease: Secondary Prevention in Uppsala Primary Health Care project (SUPRIM). Arch Intern Med2011;171:134–40.
Prevalence and patterns of physician referral to clergy and pastoral care providers.

Background: There is a heightened interest in spiritual and religious interventions in clinical settings, an area marked by unease and lack of training by physicians. A potential resource for generalists is specialty consultation and referral services, although little is known about the prevalence and patterns of involvement of clergy or pastoral professionals in patient care. Objectives: To identify the prevalence and patterns of physician-directed patient referral to or recommended consultation with clergy or pastoral care providers and to describe attitudinal and demographic variables that can predict referring and nonreferring physicians. Design: A mailed anonymous survey. Setting: Family physicians in the United States. Participants: Active members of the American Academy of Family Physicians whose self-designated professional activity is direct patient care. Of the 756 randomly selected physicians for participation in the study, 438 (57.9%) responded. Main Outcome Measures: Physician reporting on their attitudes and referral behaviors, including referral frequency, and conditions or reasons for referral or nonreferral to clergy and pastoral care providers. Results: More than 80% of the physicians reported that they refer or recommend their patients to clergy and pastoral care providers; more than 30% stated that they refer more than 10 times a year. Most physicians (75.5%) chose conditions associated with end-of-life care (ie, bereavement, terminal illness) as reasons for referral. Marital and family counseling were cited by 72.8% of physicians; however, other psychosocial issues, such as depression and mood disorders (38.7%) and substance abuse (19.0%), were less prevalent. Physicians who reported a greater degree of religiosity had a small increased tendency to refer (r = 0.39, P,.05) to these providers. In addition, physicians who were in practice for more than 15 years were more likely to refer to clergy (P,.01). Conclusions: Most family physicians accept clergy and pastoral professionals in the care of their patients. In medical settings, the providers of religious and spiritual interventions have a larger and more expanded role than previously reported. Arch Fam Med. 1998;7:548-553
Generation of membership functions via possibilistic clustering

Possibilistic clustering has been introduced recently to overcome some of the limitations imposed by the constraint used in the fuzzy c-means algorithm. It was shown that possibilistic memberships correspond more closely to the notion of "typicality". In this paper, we explore certain interesting properties of possibilistic clustering, In particular, we show that possibilistic clustering can be successfully used to solve two important problems that arise while using fuzzy set theory: i) determination of membership functions, and ii) determination of the number of clusters. >
Optimal Wind Power Planning Considering Power System Adaptability and Economy

Wind power planning towards large-scale accommodation of wind power while satisfying technical and economical constraints, it should consider power system adaptability and economy when giving full play to the wind benefits. This paper considers the relationship among wind power accommodation, construction of transmission lines and conventional unit operation costs and proposes an economic and reasonable wind power planning approach aiming at accommodating wind power efficiently and effectively. Combined the constrains of peak load regulation and network construction together, optimal wind power planning model is established, and based on the system operation simulation, a series of wind power planning evaluation index are obtained, which can estimate the wind power planning scheme from multiple angles. Finally, the feasibility and reasonability of the proposed planning approach has been verified by a numerical test system.
Exploring the use of EMS in the classroom: two field studies

Learning theory predicts, and studies have demonstrated that immediate and frequent feedback, cooperative learning, and reduced evaluation apprehension can improve learning. Electronic meeting systems offer new support for these concepts, and may lead to an improved learning environment. This paper discusses how EMS technology can make a difference in the classroom. It provides a detailed description of the application and use of EMS technology in two classroom settings. It then presents the lessons learned from these sites and the implications for future research. We found that EMS use in the classroom resulted in increased student participation, reduced evaluation apprehension, increased cooperative learning and problem-solving activities, and immediate and more frequent feedback. >
Changing Patterns of Aerosol Deposition During Methacholine Bronchoprovocation

During bronchoprovocation testing with methacholine, induced changes in airway geometry are known to affect sites of drug deposition. However, it is not known if changes in these sites determine measured responsiveness. We assessed the importance of sites of deposition as determinants of reactivity by comparing particle behavior in two subject groups with and without hyperresponsiveness. By administering radiolabeled aerosols of similar aerodynamic characteristics to methacholine aerosol, we measured the deposition pattern in terms of the specific central to peripheral ratio (sC/P) before and after methacholine inhalation (sC/P 1 and sC/P* 2 , respectively) and thereby quantified the changes in deposition sites that occur during the course of a typical bronchoprovocation test. Subjects whose FEV 1 decreased by 20 percent or greater were classified as methacholine responsive (MR; nine subjects), and the remainder were classified as nonmethacholine responsive (NMR; seven subjects). The two groups had similar baseline FEV 1 percent predicted (FEV 1 percent) and initial deposition patterns (sC/P 1 ) with particles depositing primarily in peripheral airways (mean ± SE; sC/P, 1.43 ± 0.070 and 1.39 ± 0.065, MR and NMR, respectively, p = NS). Following methacholine inhalation, the deposition pattern changes markedly for all subjects with particles depositing primarily in central airways (sC/P 2 2.58 ± 0.24, p = 0.001, and 2.15 ± 0.22, p = 0.001 from baseline, p = NS between groups) By definition, the MR subjects had a significantly greater change in FEV 1 than the NMR subjects. Preferential deposition in central airways occurs in all subjects during bronchoprovocation testing and does not significantly determine methacholine responsiveness.
Correlation between infection by ophiostomatoid fungi and the presence of subterranean termites in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) roots

Observations of subterranean termites feeding in pine sapwood containing ophiostomatoid fungi prompted the present study aiming to investigate the effect of infection by Leptographium fungi on the probability of encountering subterranean termites in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) roots. 2 Root samples were collected from 2350 loblolly pine trees in Alabama, Texas, Louisiana and Mississippi using hand tools. The presence or absence of subterranean termites in the roots was recorded. Samples were plated on malt extract agar and cycloheximide-streptomycin malt agar and incubated to determine which, if any, fungal species were present. 3 The presence of Leptographium procerum, Leptographium terebrantis or both was significantly associated with an increased presence of subterranean termites in loblolly pine roots. 4 The results obtained in the present study indicate that complex ecological interactions may exist between ophiostomatoid fungi, as carried by root-feeding bark beetles, and subterranean termites.
Initialization of the Benders master problem using valid inequalities applied to fixed-charge network problems

Highlights? We study the application of Benders decomposition to the fixed-charge network problem. ? A method for the initialization of Benders master problem is presented. ? Master problem is initialized by a series of generally applicable valid inequalities. ? Initializing the master problem, the algorithm starts from narrower bounds. ? This method significant decreases the number of iterations and the CPU solution time. Network problems concern the selection of arcs in a graph in order to satisfy, at minimum cost, some flow requirements, usually expressed in the form of node-node pair demands. Benders decomposition methods, based on the idea of partitioning of the initial problem to two sub-problems and on the generation of cuts, have been successfully applied to many of these problems. This paper presents a novel way to reinitialize the Benders master problem for this group of problems using a series of valid inequalities. A generic presentation of the developed valid inequalities is presented as well as a case study of a refinery system is used in order to illustrate the advantage of the proposed procedure. The valid inequalities significantly restrict the solution space of the Benders master problem from the first iteration of the algorithm leading to improved convergence.
The neurobiology of antisocial personality disorder: The quest for rehabilitation and treatment

Psychopathy is perhaps one of the most misused terms in the American public, which is in no small part due to our obsession with those who have no conscience, and our boldness to try and profile others with this disorder. Here, I present how psychopathy is seen today, before discussing the classification of psychopathy. I also explore the neurological differences in the brains of those with psychopathy, before finally taking a look at genetic risk factors. I conclude by raising some questions about potential treatment.
Evaluation of Hybrid Parallel Cell List Algorithms for Monte Carlo Simulation

This paper describes efficient, scalable parallel implementations of the conventional cell list method and a modified cell list method to calculate the total system intermolecular Lennard-Jones force interactions in the Monte Carlo Gibbs ensemble. We targeted this part of the Gibbs ensemble for optimization because it is the most computationally demanding part of the force interactions in the simulation, as it involves all the molecules in the system. The modified cell list implementation reduces the number of particles that are outside the interaction range by making the cells smaller, thus reducing the number of unnecessary distance evaluations. Evaluation of the two cell list methods is done using a hybrid MPI+OpenMP approach and a hybrid MPI+CUDA approach. The cell list methods are evaluated on a small cluster of multicore CPUs, Intel Phi coprocessors, and GPUs. The performance results are evaluated using different combinations of MPI processes, threads, and problem sizes.
Amphibians in the Canaan Valley Drainage

Abstract I have been studying amphibians in Canaan Valley and its surrounding region since 1976. Most of my studies inventoried populations of Plethodon nettingi (Cheat Mountain Salamander). I sampled 29 upland sites on the mountains around Canaan Valley: (1) twelve sites on Canaan Mountain, which forms Canaan Valley's western rim, were distributed from Chimney Rock, at the southern end of Canaan Mountain, northwards to the Blackwater River at Camp 70; (2) on the eastern rim of Canaan Valley, 17 sites were on Cabin Mountain, from Snowy Point in the north to Weiss Knob in the south. At the montane sites, I observed 11 salamander species and 1 toad species. Salamanders found included Ambystoma maculatum (Spotted Salamander), Notophthalmus v. viridescens (Red-spotted Newt), Desmognathus monticola (Seal Salamander), Desmognathus ochrophaeus (Allegheny Mountain Dusky Salamander); Gyrinophilus p. porphyriticus (Northern Spring Salamander), Hemidactylium scutatum (Four-toed Salamander), Eurycea bislineata (North...
A hybrid method with deviational particles for spatial inhomogeneous plasma

In this work we propose a Hybrid method with Deviational Particles (HDP) for a plasma modeled by the inhomogeneous Vlasov-Poisson-Landau system. We split the distribution into a Maxwellian part evolved by a grid based fluid solver and a deviation part simulated by numerical particles. These particles, named deviational particles, could be both positive and negative. We combine the Monte Carlo method proposed in 31, a Particle in Cell method and a Macro-Micro decomposition method 3 to design an efficient hybrid method. Furthermore, coarse particles are employed to accelerate the simulation. A particle resampling technique on both deviational particles and coarse particles is also investigated and improved. This method is applicable in all regimes and significantly more efficient compared to a PIC-DSMC method near the fluid regime.
Effect of Light Soaking on the Local Motion of Hydrogen in Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon

Previous measurements of local hydrogen motion in intrinsic, doped, and compensated hydrogenated Amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) using the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) dipolar echo method have shown that the local hydrogen motion is much faster than the macroscopic diffusion would indicate but that the local motion follows the same trends with doping and defect density as the macroscopic diffusion. We report the effect of light soaking on the local motion of hydrogen in hydrogenated Amorphous silicon. Measurements are presented on 10−3 P-doped a-Si:H at 297 K. After light soaking with infrared-filtered, white light of intensity -400 MW/cm2 for 75 hours, the electron spin resonance (ESR) spin density increases to -101 spins/cm After light soaking 1H NMR dipolar echo measurements on this sample show that the dipolar spin-lattice relaxation time, T1D, is ∼4 Ms. After thermal annealing at 190 C for two hours the value of T1Dreturns to its pre-irradiation value of ∼ 11 Ms. The local rate of motion, which scales with TID-1 thus increases with the paramagnetic defect density. The general implications of this result for descriptions of both microscopic and macroscopic Motion of hydrogen in a-Si:H are discussed.
The Roman-Period Necropolis of Ariassos, Pisidia *

New evidence of Roman tomb architecture from the necropolis at Ariassos in Pisidia demonstrates distinctive features of funerary architecture in the east. Over fifty built tombs are in different states of preservation, allowing identification of some features paralleled at other sites in Pisidia, while some features seem unique to Ariassos itself. The similarity of form of one elaborate tomb to the western podium temple reflects the influence of Roman religious architecture, while other tombs reflect features grown out of indigenous Anatolian traditions.Ariassos was founded in the Hellenistic period, and is located c. 50 km. north of the modern city of Antalya. It minted coins in the late Hellenistic period and contains buildings of Hellenistic date, including a prytaneion, bouleuterion and small temple. The majority of the ruins at the site, however, date to the Imperial period, including an extensive nymphaeum and bath complex, a triple arched gateway dating to the third century A.D., and a substantial domestic area. The site was visited in the 1880s by the Austrian team headed by K. Lanckoronski, who thought that the ruins were those of the site of Cretopolis. A few years later the site was correctly identified by a French epigraphical expedition headed by V. Berard. The Pisidian Survey project, under British directorship, completed a new city plan, focusing attention on Ariassos after years of neglect. [See Fig. 1.]
Oblique patterned etching of vertical silicon sidewalls

A method for patterning on vertical silicon surfaces in high aspect ratio silicontopography is presented. A Faraday cage is used to direct energetic reactive ions obliquely through a patterned suspended membrane positioned over the topography. The technique is capable of forming high-fidelity pattern (100 nm) features, adding an additional fabrication capability to standard top-down fabrication approaches.
Combination Regimens for Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Bloodstream Infections

Previous studies reported decreased mortality in patients with carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections (BSIs) treated with combination therapy but included carbapenem-susceptible and -intermediate isolates, as per revised CLSI breakpoints. Here, we assessed outcomes in patients with BSIs caused by phenotypically carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) according to the number of in vitro active agents received and whether an extended-spectrum beta-lactam (BL) antibiotic, including meropenem, or an extended-spectrum cephalosporin was administered. We retrospectively reviewed CRKP BSIs at two New York City hospitals from 2006 to 2013, where all isolates had meropenem or imipenem MICs of ≥4 μg/ml. Univariate and multivariable models were created to identify factors associated with mortality. Of 141 CRKP BSI episodes, 23% were treated with a single active agent (SAA), 26% were treated with an SAA plus BL, 28% were treated with multiple active agents (MAA), and 23% were treated with MAA plus BL. Ninety percent of isolates had meropenem MICs of ≥16 μg/ml. Thirty-day mortality was 33% overall and did not significantly differ across the four treatment groups in a multivariable model (P = 0.4); mortality was significantly associated with a Pitt bacteremia score of ≥4 (odds ratio [OR], 7.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.2 to 18.1; P = 0.1), and immunosuppression was protective (OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2 to 1.0; P = 0.04). Individual treatment characteristics were also not significantly associated with outcome, including use of SAAs versus MAA (26% versus 38%, P = 0.1) or BL versus no BL (26% versus 39%, P = 0.1). In summary, in patients with CRKP BSIs caused by isolates with high carbapenem MICs, the role of combination therapy remains unclear, highlighting the need for prospective studies to identify optimal treatment regimens.
Prozessanalytik bei der Zerstäubungstrocknung – Beispiele und Herausforderungen

Die Zerstaubungstrocknung ist ein grostechnischer Prozess, der in unterschiedlichen Industrien eingesetzt wird, um pulverformige Produkte herzustellen. Prozessanalytik und darauf basierende -steuerung der Zerstaubungstrocknung sind im Gegensatz zur hohen wirtschaftlichen Bedeutung dieses Herstellverfahrens aber nur rudimentar entwickelt. Am Beispiel der Trocknung von Polymerdispersionen werden die Komplexitat des Verfahrens, die daraus resultierenden prozessanalytischen Aufgabenstellungen und bislang ungeloste Fragen diskutiert. Spray drying is a commercial process applied in several industries to manufacture powdery products. Process analytics and control of spray drying is still in an infant state in contrast to the commercial importance of the production process. Process complexity of spray drying, resulting process analytical challenges as well as open topics will be discussed for the example of drying of polymeric dispersions.
Ethanol-mediated activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in iPS cells and iPS cells-derived neural progenitor cells

Alcohol abuse produces an enormous impact on health, society, and the economy. Currently, there are very limited therapies available, largely due to the poor understanding of mechanisms underlying alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in humans. Oxidative damage of mitochondria and cellular proteins aggravates the progression of neuroinflammation and neurological disorders initiated by alcohol abuse. Here we show that ethanol exposure causes neuroinflammation in both human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and human neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Ethanol exposure for 24 hours or 7 days does not affect the proliferation of iPS cells and NPCs, but primes an innate immune-like response by activating the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway. This leads to an increase of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3+ (LC3B+) autophagic puncta and impairment of the mitochondrial and lysosomal distribution. In addition, a decrease of mature neurons derived from differentiating NPCs is evident in ethanol pre-exposed compared to control NPCs. Moreover, a second insult of a pro-inflammatory factor in addition to ethanol preexposure enhances innate cellular inflammation in human iPS cells. This study provides strong evidence that neuronal inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of AUDs through the activation of the inflammasome pathway in human cellular models.
Analysis of the seasonal changes of hemorrhagic fever in patients with renal syndrome using the muster and circular distribution methods

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the seasonal changes of hemorrhagic fever in patients with renal syndrome,and to provide scientific evidence for the disease prevention and control. Methods The mean angle and angular deviation were calculated using the triangle function transformation with circular distribution method. The mean and hypothesis were then examined. Results Using the muster method, the value of M was 0.3685.Using the circular distribution method, r=0.3472,ā=90.40°,s=83.34, and (ā±s)=(7.06,173.74). From the Reileighs test,Z=37.3719 ≥6.907(0.001,∝),mean P0.001. Conclusions The peak period of hemorrhagic fever was from early January to late June in Penglai. The program of rodent control and the epidemic monitoring, should be strengthen.
Towards a Framework for Generating Tests to Satisfy Complex Code Coverage in Java Pathfinder

We present work on a prototype tool based on the JavaPathfinder (JPF) model checker for automatically generating tests satisfying the MC/DC code coverage criterion. Using the Eclipse IDE, developers and testers can quickly instrument Java source code with JPF annotations covering all MC/DC coverage obligations, and JPF can then be used to automatically generate tests that satisfy these obligations. The prototype extension to JPF enables various tasks useful in automatic test generation to be performed, such as test suite reduction and execution of generated tests.
Patterns of parental response to the crisis of premature birth: a preliminary approach to modifying the mental-health outcome.

(1960). Patterns of Parental Response to the Crisis of Premature Birth. Psychiatry: Vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 365-374.
Active neutrality and Loewald's metaphor of theater.

The value of neutrality as an integral aspect of a desirable analytic stance is viewed here through Hans Loewald's metaphor of theater, applied to the analytic situation. His emphases on both the a...
Trends in the perceived need for dental care for children: 1982-1990

A review is provided of the national surveys of parents and guardians on the dental status and associated difficulties of their children. Although fewer in number, complaints of acute dental problems in children continue to be made.
Religiöse und andere Ekstasen: eine vergleichende Studie

Im Laufe der vorangehenden Beschreibungen der christlichen Mystik sind viele Probleme aufgeworfen und einige davon sind beantwortet worden. Aber es bleibt uns die Aufgabe, die mystische Ekstase und ihre verschiedenen grundlegenden oder begleitenden Phanomene psychologisch zu untersuchen. Zur Losung dieser Aufgabe ist am Anfang dieses Buches der Boden bereitet worden, wo eine Studie der alteren und einfacheren Formen mystischer Ekstase — die den Primitiven und der Hindukultur bekannten — vorgelegt wurde. Auf diese Weise haben wir genetische Beziehungen zwischen den gegenwartigen und den fruheren Formen der Anbetung im Trance hergestellt. Trotzdem sind wir noch nicht im Besitz aller verfugbaren Tatsachen, die zum volligen Verstandnis erforderlich sind.
Relationship of the fourth heart sound to atrial systolic transmitral flow deceleration.

The fourth heart sound (S4) is thought to be due to cardiohemic vibrations, powered by deceleration of transmitral blood flow, that occur when atrial systole leads to a disproportionately high rise...
The Supervisory Relationship: A Conceptual and Psychometric Review of Measures

To date, a comprehensive review of supervisory relationship measures has yet to be published. In this article, the authors explore conceptualizations of the supervisory relationship, describe and critique 11 measures, provide recommendations for researchers and practitioners when selecting measures, and offer suggestions regarding future measure development.
Carbon Dioxide Digital Subtraction Angiography: Everything You Need to Know and More

Abstract In 1971, during a routine celiac axis injection, 70 cc of room air was inadvertently injected into a patient instead of iodinated contrast. Fortunately, there were no ill effects, and despite the use of cut film at the time, Dr. Hawkins visualized the celiac axis and its branches as a negative image. Because of this incident, in combination with his previous knowledge of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in venous imaging, he began to study the intra-arterial use of CO 2 in animals. After the safe and successful use in animals, he applied the same principles to humans. As technology continued to improve, CO 2 evolved into a viable vascular imaging agent. Although used initially for renal failure and iodinated contrast allergy, the many unique properties of CO 2 yielded multiple advantages, which are now used in a multitude of scenarios alone or in combination with traditional contrast. Despite somewhat awkward delivery devices in the past, it has now been used with great success in both adults and children for more than 3 decades with only limited reportable complications. Its safe use in children has been described, and when performed in this age group, the same principles apply as for adults. This article describes the history and technique of CO 2 angiography for vascular procedures.
Global and Site-Specific Analysis Revealing Unexpected and Extensive Protein S-GlcNAcylation in Human Cells

Protein glycosylation is highly diverse and essential for mammalian cell survival. Heterogeneous glycans may be bound to different amino acid residues, forming multiple types of protein glycosylation. In this work, unexpected protein S-GlcNAcylation on cysteine residues was observed to extensively exist in human cells through global and site-specific analysis of protein GlcNAcylation by mass spectrometry. Three independent experiments produced similar results of many cysteine residues bound to N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Among well-localized S-GlcNAcylation sites, several motifs with an acidic amino acid around the sites were identified, which strongly suggests that a particular type of enzyme is responsible for this modification. Clustering results show that glycoproteins modified with S-GlcNAc are mainly involved in cell–cell adhesion and gene expression. For the first time, we found that proteins were extensively bound to GlcNAc through the side chains of cysteine residues in human cells, and the cur...
Design and activity evaluation of an Advanced-Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience (aIPPE) course for assessment of student APPE-readiness

Abstract Background and purpose The newly implemented Advanced-Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience (aIPPE) course at the University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences was designed to assess student readiness for Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) and provide formative feedback regarding skills and abilities needed to be successful during subsequent coursework and practice experiences. Educational activity and setting The aIPPE is a full-time, six week (240 hours) direct patient care rotation occurring in the spring semester of the third-professional year following a longitudinal integrated IPPE program. Required aIPPE course elements mimic the activities and expectations students should anticipate encountering during APPE training. Findings All students participating in the initial aIPPE course offering were described as APPE-Ready. Students and preceptors described the aIPPE course as successful in achieving the primary outcome of preparing students for improved downstream performance. Summary The aIPPE provided students opportunities to demonstrate readiness to enter advanced pharmacy practice experience.
Albumin-Bilirubin and Platelet-Albumin-Bilirubin Grades Accurately Predict Overall Survival in High-Risk Patients Undergoing Conventional Transarterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Abstract Purpose To evaluate albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) and platelet-albumin-bilirubin (PALBI) grades in predicting overall survival in high-risk patients undergoing conventional transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods This single-center retrospective study included 180 high-risk patients (142 men, 59 y ± 9) between April 2007 and January 2015. Patients were considered high-risk based on laboratory abnormalities before the procedure (bilirubin > 2.0 mg/dL, albumin 1.2 mg/dL); presence of ascites, encephalopathy, portal vein thrombus, or transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; or Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score > 15. Serum albumin, bilirubin, and platelet values were used to determine ALBI and PALBI grades. Overall survival was stratified by ALBI and PALBI grades with substratification by Child-Pugh class (CPC) and Barcelona Liver Clinic Cancer (BCLC) stage using Kaplan-Meier analysis. C-index was used to determine discriminatory ability and survival prediction accuracy. Results Median survival for 79 ALBI grade 2 patients and 101 ALBI grade 3 patients was 20.3 and 10.7 months, respectively ( P P = .0667). Substratification yielded distinct ALBI grade survival curves for CPC B ( P = .0022, C-index 0.892), BCLC A ( P = .0308, C-index 0.887), and BCLC C ( P = .0287, C-index 0.839). PALBI grade demonstrated distinct survival curves for BCLC A ( P = 0.0229, C-index 0.869). CPC yielded distinct survival curves for the entire cohort ( P = .0019) but not when substratified by BCLC stage (all P > .05). Conclusions ALBI and PALBI grades are accurate survival metrics in high-risk patients undergoing conventional transarterial chemoembolization for HCC. Use of these scores allows for more refined survival stratification within CPC and BCLC stage.
Allocation of Resources Using a Microgrid Formation Approach for Resilient Electric Grids

Microgrid formation is a potential solution in postdisaster electric grid recovery efforts. Recent works propose a distribution level microgrid formation model that applies to radial distribution systems characterized by directed power flows. However, with high renewable penetration levels in future power systems, the flows are expected to be undirected even in distribution grids. In this paper, we develop a model to deal with the restoration process of future power systems, embedding some of the characteristics these systems are likely to have. More specifically, our formulation can deal with radial and meshed topologies, and it requires little preprocessing of the input data. Additionally, we extend the model to allow for possible mobile and fixed distributed generation technologies and distributed energy resources, and explicitly include demand responsive loads with a minimum satisfiability constraint. Thus, this extended formulation can be used as an operation and a short term planning tool for the DG scenario-based location problem. We compare our extended formulation results to those obtained for the radial cases found in the literature. Also, we apply the proposed approach to other instances of the problem based on the IEEE 37-bus, 30-bus, and 118-bus systems.
Brown anole ( Anolis sagrei ) adhesive forces remain unaffected by partial claw clipping

Morphological properties of animal locomotor systems should reflect costs and benefits associated with particular environments. Lizards that possess both claws and adhesive toe pads are specialized for environments that require movements in both the horizontal and vertical planes, and on both rough and smooth substrates. Although toe/claw clipping is a common technique for marking free-ranging lizards, this technique is disadvantageous to those lizards possessing adhesive toe pads. A previous study removed entire claws of Anolis carolinensis and observed a significant reduction in adhesive abilities, which was likely attributed to damage of underlying tendons that play critical roles in engaging the adhesive pads. Here, we report on the clinging ability of brown anoles ( Anolis sagrei ) with partial claw removal. We found that adhesive capacities were not affected by partial removal of the claw, suggesting that partial claw removal prevents damage to the underlying tendons and that it may be a safer alternative for short-term marking of adhesive pad-bearing lizards.
Maintenance of skills for today's family physician: the SAGE approach to physician learning.

ABSTRACT Physicians need practical ways to maintain and augment clinical skills after residency training. The problem is amplified when a physician encounters a new practice environment that requires retraining in particular skills. With their broad scope of practice, family physicians are especially prone to deterioration of infrequently used skills. The SAGE model for lifelong learning provides a simple solution for today's military family physicians. Scan, assess, gather, and experience are four key steps physicians should take when maintaining or upgrading clinical skills. This approach allows physicians to identify available resources and to develop action plans to improve skills. Supervisors must encourage physicians to be honest in self-assessment of patient care skills and should support the acquisition of improved skills. System-based solutions, in keeping with suggestions from the Institute of Medicine, are introduced.
Statins and the Classic Decision Analysis: Treat, Test, or Neither?

See Article by Jarmul et al Anyone who has taken or taught an introductory decision analysis course is likely familiar with the classic treat all versus test versus neither problem. The basic problem is elegant enough to be broken down into 3 main components: (1) the probability of developing disease (or having the disease, for patients with suspected disease), (2) the consequences of acting with or without the test results (treating true and false positives, not treating true, and false negatives), and (3) the tests risks (if any) and its diagnostic performance (quantified as a disease association measure or sensitivity and specificity).1 Advancements in disease simulation modeling and cost-effectiveness analysis methods have broadened the scope of decision problems that can be evaluated using this framework, including the question of what the optimal threshold of predicted risk should be for the initiation of statin treatment for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In their article, Jarmul et al2 used sophisticated cost-effectiveness modeling methods to ask: should physicians initiate statin treatment for all asymptomatic individuals with low to intermediate ASCVD risk (treat all), base this decision on results from a cardiovascular genetic risk score (cGRS) (test), or do neither? Using a cost-effectiveness threshold of $50 000/quality-adjusted life year, the authors found that cGRS testing was not a cost-effective strategy compared with treat all or treat none strategies under base case assumptions …