cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Indium-111 platelet imaging for detection of platelet deposition in abdominal aneurysms and prosthetic arterial grafts.

Abstract Thirty-four platelet imaging studies were performed in 23 patients to determine whether platelet deposition could be detected in patients with vascular aneurysms (18 patients) or in patients in whom Dacron prosthetic grafts had been placed (5 patients). In patients in whom abnormal platelet deposition was detected, the effect of administration of platelet-active drugs on platelet deposition was examined. Of the 18 patients with an aneurysm, 12 had positive studies on initial imaging and 2 had equivocally positive images. Of five patients with Dacron arterial grafts in place, four had diffuse platelet deposition in the grafts; the fifth patient had platelet deposition only in a pseudoaneurysm. Eight patients with an abdominal aneurysm and positive or equivocally positive baseline images were restudied during platelet-active drug therapy either with aspirin plus dipyridamole (seven patients) or with sulfinpyrazone (four patients). No patient studied during treatment with aspirin plus dipyridamole had detectably decreased platelet deposition compared with baseline determinations. In contrast, two of four patients studied while receiving sulfinpyrazone showed decreased platelet deposition. Thus, platelet imaging may be of value for studying platelet physiology in vivo and for assessing platelet-active drugs and the thrombogeniclty of prosthetic graft materials in human beings.
BEMS, WHO, and the precautionary principle.

The recent Bioelectromagnetics Supplement [BEMS, 2005], based on a symposium organized by theWorldHealth Organization (WHO),must have been approved by the BEMS Board, but was not in our Society’s best interest. The supplement was designed by WHO to promote the WHO electromagnetic fields (EMF) program, and it gave itself a good ‘report card’ in the introduction. We are not opposed to WHO doing that in its own publications, just not in ours. Here is a more realistic ‘report card’ on the Supplement and the EMF program of the WHO. The mix of papers in the Supplement included epidemiology, dosimetry, etc., but was deficient in bioelectromagnetics mechanisms. Having chosen our Journal, onewould have expected theWHO to come up with a reasonable paper on biological mechanisms. Can you imagine a review onmechanism of interaction with biological tissue [Challis, 2005] that does not include the latest studies on interaction of RF with DNA? A recurring theme of the symposiumwas the possibility of cancer, and cancer was clearly linked to DNA in the good review by Lightfoot [2005].Why not include ELF mechanisms, since cellphones include both ELF and RF, and both activate the same biological mechanisms [Blank and Goodman, 2004]? Why publish the symposium at all, if we could not review the quality of the papers and pick the referees to insure that the paperswouldmeetBEMSstandards?The disclaimer by the Editor at the beginning of the issue is meaningless! Publication of a paper with our imprimatur lends credibility to the WHO program, where a sincere interest in meaningful research into disease related mechanisms involving EMF is painfully absent. That last remark may appear unusually harsh, but how else can one describe the failure of the WHO symposium to mention the many research papers showing stimulation of DNA as in the stress response [e.g., Leszczinski et al., 2004], reports of DNA strand breaks [e.g., Lai and Singh, 2004; REFLEX Project Report, 2004], and the ‘Liburdy experiment’ [Liburdy, 2003] showing a loss of inhibition of breast cancer cell growth by melatonin/tamoxifen, all due to EMF and all replicated in many laboratories? The references given here cite many related papers. Another reason for this harsh judgment is the WHO policy regarding the Precautionary Principle. The Precautionary Principle defines a proactive policy for regulatory agencies when information about risk is inconclusive, but where there is a reasonable possibility that the public may be harmed if no action is taken. The 1992 Treaty on European Union favored the Precautionary Principle, and it has been invoked by Italy and Switzerland to regulate RF levels. Initially, the WHO EMF program appeared to support the idea, but then reversed its policy. Why? Opposing the Precautionary Principle is almost like opposing Motherhood. It is good old fashioned common sense, and its soundness is embodied in the conventional wisdom of many popular sayings:
Optimal Selection of Priority Development Areas Considering Tradeoffs Between Hydrology and Development Configuration

Mixed-integer linear programs are proposed for siting development and conservation areas in watersheds, addressing economic objectives (development perimeter and proximity) and ecological objectives. Links between watershed hydrology and ecology need not be well defined. Parameters for the linear programs are obtained from linearization of the SWAT hydrologic model.
A positivity bias in written and spoken English and its moderation by personality and gender

The human tendency to use positive words ("adorable") more often than negative words ("dreadful") is called the linguistic positivity bias. We find evidence for this bias in two studies of word use, one based on written corpora and another based on naturalistic speech samples. In addition, we demonstrate that the positivity bias applies to nouns and verbs as well as adjectives. We also show that it is found to the same degree in written as well as spoken English. Moreover, personality traits and gender moderate the effect, such that persons high on extraversion and agreeableness and women display a larger positivity bias in naturalistic speech. Results are discussed in terms of how the linguistic positivity bias may serve as a mechanism for social facilitation. People, in general, and some people more than others, tend to talk about the brighter side of life.
Identification of two variant short chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase alleles, each containing a different point mutation in a patient with short chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency.

Abstract Two distinct mutant alleles of the precursor (p) short chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD) gene were identified in a SCAD-deficient patient (YH2065) using the polymerase chain reaction to amplify cDNA synthesized from total RNA from her fibroblasts. Cells from this patient had previously been shown to synthesize a labile variant SCAD in contrast to the normal stability of variant SCADs in two other SCAD-deficient cell lines (Naito, E., Y. Indo, and K. Tanaka. 1989. J. Clin. Invest. 84:1671-1674). In the present study, both mutant alleles of YH2065 were found to contain a C----T transition, one at position 136 and the other at position 319 of the coding region of pSCAD cDNA. Clones of cDNA amplified from this region showed only one of the C----T transitions, indicating that each mutation was derived from different pSCAD alleles. Each of these mutations altered a known restriction endonuclease site, and restriction analysis of additional cDNA clones from amplified mutant cDNA and Southern blotting of mutant genomic DNA confirmed the presence of two unique mutant alleles in YH2065, indicating YH2065 is a compound heterozygote. These C----T transitions result in the substitution of Arg-22 and Arg-83 of the mature SCAD with Trp and Cys, respectively.
Application of an ion‐fitted pseudopotential to HF, H2O, NH3, BeO, and HCl in a Gaussian lobe basis

The core potentials for atoms of atomic numer 1–18 fitted to ion spectra by Chang, Habitz, Pittel, and Schwarz have been extended to the molecular case in a Gaussian lobe basis by using a six-Gaussian (6G-POT) representation for the exponential factors of the atomic core potentials. In a (9s/5p/1d) basis the 6G-POT one-electron energies, dipole moments, and Mulliken charges are improved over a one-Gaussian potential form for HF, NH3, and H2O; BeO also yields good agreement within 2.6% of the experimental bond length. For HCl, the core potential shows larger errors in the dipole moment (7%) and one-electron eigenvalues (2%), but a 75% saving in computer time is realized for HCl compared with only about 35% for first-row systems using the 6G-POT core potentials. Analytical expressions are given to extend the 6G-POT method up to s, p, d, f, and g valence shells.
Ecological and Evolutionary Principles for Secondary Education: Analyzing Career and Tech Ed

Current approaches to secondary education expose students to cultural information and environmental conditions that were not typical features of youth development for the vast majority of human evolution. Understanding the mismatch between adolescents’ evolved information processing biases and the educational content and environmental cues they often experience in school can help us to identify and/or develop educational approaches that will work with student biases in attention and motivation, rather than against them. In this paper, we present an evolutionary perspective on adolescent learning, review life history theory, and describe how adolescents adopting a fast life history strategy (fast LHS) are especially susceptible to the mismatch between evolved biases and modern schooling. We then argue that learning in context is an approach that is more consistent with adolescents’ evolved biases than traditional academic school environments and suggest that career and technical education (CTE) is an existing model that can be used successfully in secondary education, especially with students following a fast LHS. We conclude with future directions for CTE research and also applications of evolutionary theory to education and educational psychology.
Quantum mechanics for quantum computing

Quantum computing is a field of great interest, attracting, among others, the attention of many mathematicians. Although not all quantum mechanics is needed to successfully engage in research on quantum computing, the somewhat superficial approach usually applied by non-physicists is, in the opinion of the author of the lectures, not feasible. The following notes from lectures given at the mathematics department of George Washington University are meant to be a partial remedy to the situation, offering a very brief and slightly unorthodox introduction to one-particle quantum mechanics, and even shorter discussion of passage to multi-particle quantum mechanics, as needed for quantum computing.
How House Price Dynamics and Credit Constraints affect the Equity Extraction of Senior Homeowners

Households can borrow against equity through different channels, including home equity lines of credit (HELOCs), second liens, cash-out refinancing, and for senior homeowners, reverse mortgages. We use data from the New York Federal Reserve/Equifax Consumer Credit Panel, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, and other sources to jointly estimate the decision to extract equity through these different channels. Specifically, we identify the influence of credit constraints, house price dynamics and their interactions on the proportion of seniors in a ZIP code extracting through a given channel each year from 2004 to 2012 — the boom and bust period in the U.S. housing market. Prior research finds credit constrained households were more responsive to house price gains than non-constrained households. Our results suggest that this response varies depending on borrowing channel. As house prices increased, cash-out refinancing increased in credit constrained areas, but HELOCs increased in less credit constrained areas. Further, when house prices fell, HECM originations increased — particularly in credit constrained areas. We also observe differential responses to credit constraints and house price changes in minority versus non-minority neighborhoods.
Dark-Spored Agarics—IV: Deconica, Atylospora, And Psathyrella

DECONICA (W. G. Sm.) Sacc. Syll. Fung. 5: Io58. I887 Delitescor Earle, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5: 434. I909. This is a very small genus, separated from Psilocybe as a subgenus by W. G. Smith in I870, because of its decurrent lamellae, and raised to generic rank by Saccardo in I887. The attachment of the lamellae often varies to adnate or to adnate with a decurrent tooth. Two species, D. bullacea and D. scatigena, were discussed in my article on tropical agarics published in Mycologia for January, I918.
Ultrastructural cytochemical analysis of blastic transformation of chronic myelocytic leukemia

Ultrastructural cytochemical changes occurring during the blast phase of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) are described. Normal developing promyelocytes contain myeloperoxidase (MPO) -positive rough endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear envelope, and Golgi apparatus. All secretory granules of normal promyelocytes are also MPO-positive. In this study we have found abnormal promyelocytes with MPO-positive as well as MPO-negative secretory granules in blast phase CML patients which contrast with the normal pattern of MPO distribution in most CML patients not in the blast phase or in nonleukemic controls. Alkaline phosphatase activity was found in the nuclear envelope of blasts and promyelocytes of one of the blast transformation patients who had a markedly increased leukocyte alkaline phosphatase score. The cytochemical changes in the distribution of MPO suggest that immature leukemic cells may alter their patterns of secretory granule production. Such processes may reflect the emergence of an abnormal clone of cells during the blastic transformation of CML.
Numerical simulation of heat transfer enhancement by inverting thermal storage cells during melting

The method of inverting flat plate thermal storage cell was proposed to improve the melting and heat transfer rate,and the heat transfer enhancement simulated by numerical method.The results indicate that inverting the enclosure at an appropriate stage during melting results in about 30% increase of the melting rate.The larger the Rayleigh or smaller the Stefan number,the larger the heat transfer enhancement.The aspect ratio has a weak effect on the enhancement of heat transfer relatively.
A General Filter Design Language with Real-time Parameter Control in Pd, Max/MSP, and jMax

Most signal processing environments for computer music, such as Pd, Max/MSP, and jMax, transfer audio data among their objects by vectors (blocks). In such environments, to implement Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filters one either has to set the block-size to 1 or to write an external object which embeds the filter operations. Neither of these solutions are simple or trivial. In this paper we present the fexpr object which provides a general and flexible language for designing filters by simply entering the filter expressions at object creation time and controlling their parameters in real-time within the host environment. Fexpr also allows for multiple interdependent filters to be defined in a single object, and thus, it can be used for finding numerical solutions to differential equations (difference equations). The implementation and the filter definition syntax of the object are discussed along with a number of examples.
SOME CONTINUOUS PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS

This chapter describes the laws of variation appropriate to continuous random variables, that is, for application to measured data. By far, the most important of such a model is the so-called normal curve. It is of wide use, has many convenient properties, some of which are unique, and it can be called a first approximation to the law of variation in a great many cases. But there are many situations in which the normal curve is clearly not applicable, and one needs to use other frequency or probability curves to obtain a better approximation to the law of variation in question. Thus, the chapter first explains the normal curve, and then discusses a number of other probability distributions. It also discusses briefly the central limit theorem, and for completeness an inequality of rather limited practical application.
The use of O2-evolving subchloroplast particles to study acceptor and inhibitor sites on the reducing side of photosystem II

Photosystem II particles that retain the ability to evolve O₂ have been used to examine acceptor and inhibitor sites in the photosynthetic electron transfer chain between Q and plastoquinone. Employing the water to dichlorobenzoquinone reaction to assay photosystem II activity, we have demonstrated that electron transport in thylakoids and particles is equally sensitive to inhibition by DCMU. dinoseb, metribuzin, HQNO and DBMIB. Based on differential sensitivity to inhibition by DCMU vs. HQNO or DBMIB, we suggest that when synthetic quinones, e.g. 2,6-dichlorobenzoquinone operate as Hill reagents in particles they are reduced primarily by the plastoquinone pool. When synthetic quinones, e.g. 5,6-methylenedioxy-2,3-dimethyl benzoquinone act as autoxidizable acceptors they accept electron from the Q/B complex at a point that is located between the DCMU and HQNO (DBMIB) inhibition sites.
Integration of military and veteran health in a psychiatric mental health BSN curriculum: A mindful analysis

The military and veteran populations in the U. S. state of Hawaii have a strong presence in the local communities. It was this substantial presence that provided the impetus to integrate military and veteran health into a Bachelor's of Science in Nursing (BSN) curriculum. This exploratory study investigated the relationship between the integration of military and veteran health into a psychiatric mental health BSN curriculum and nursing students' understanding of the many facets of military veterans' health. The concepts related to military and veterans' health was infused in didactic, seminar, simulation and clinical instruction. Examples of approaches to teaching include guest speakers from military clinical partners, inclusion of military/military families in simulation, the reading of evidence-based articles focusing on the military and veteran population, use of identification of problem based learning and clinical placements in hospital(s) and community agencies specific to servicing military and veterans and their families. Students were encouraged to record their reflections which provided some insight on the value of integration of this important segment into the curriculum. Classroom discussions and reflections were analyzed using an exploratory method of inquiry by categorizing themes which revealed some biases about the military and veteran population and how working with this population helped students to understand their health needs. Although the data is limited, it an important foundation for further exploration into the significance of the integration of military and veterans' health in a psychiatric mental health BSN nursing curriculum. The recommendation is to further include military and veterans' health across the curriculum in order to help future nursing graduates understand and evaluate their role in working with this distinctive population, recognize challenges and opportunities in working with this population and identify available evidence-based resources to inform their practice.
Uncaring young adults show reduced vigilance for others' fearful expressions

Abstract A core feature of psychopathy is the presence of callous-unemotional (CU) traits, which are associated with deficient recognition of others' distress and aggression. Competing etiological theories suggest such traits stem from either a fearless temperament or anomalies in selective attention. While CU traits are multidimensional, the role of individual CU dimensions (callous, uncaring, unemotional) in selective attention to others' emotional expressions remains unexamined in adults. The present study thus examined whether CU traits predict reduced attention to fear and other (angry and happy) emotional expressions, and if so, whether this deficit reflects reduced vigilance or faster disengagement from such stimuli. Eighty two undergraduate students (ages 18–35, 56% female), completed a measure of CU traits and a probe discrimination task in which attention was measured by reaction times to probes appearing in locations previously occupied by either an emotional expression (fear, happy, or sad) or a neutral expression. In contrast to callousness or unemotional CU traits, uncaring traits were uniquely inversely associated with attention to fearful faces, specifically for reduced vigilance. Attention to angry or happy faces was unrelated to CU dimensions. Uncaring CU traits may reduce attending to others' fearful expressions, potentially impairing recognition of others' distress.
A lite cellular generalized neuron network for frequency prediction of synchronous generators in a multimachine power system

Power system protection and emergency control systems require continuous monitoring to prevent grid-wide frequency instability or system islanding. Amongst different methods, cellular computation networks (CCNs) are more suitable for providing dynamic frequency predictions. CCN is a scalable and distributed framework using the concept of cells and intercellular connections to represent a power system topology with multiple synchronous machines, transmission lines and loads. However, from a practical viewpoint, fast computing algorithms are needed for effective monitoring and response. In this paper, a lite CCN is proposed based on generalized neurons (GNs), referred to as the cellular generalized neuron network (CGNN). The performance of CGNN is compared with that of a cellular multilayer perceptron network (CMLPN). The frequency predictions by the CGNN and CMLPN have been validated on a two-area four-machine benchmark power system. Data for the CGNN is provided from a real time digital simulation of the power system with phasor measurement units (PMUs). Based on a performance metric, results obtained show that the CGNN outperforms the CMLPN, especially in terms of least number of trainable parameters, low training time and better prediction accuracy.
Technical conservation measures in New England small-mesh trawl fisheries: Current status and future prospects

Abstract Small-mesh otter trawls, which use 76 mm or less codend mesh sizes, are considered "exempt" gears in some fishery management plans in the US. In New England, small-mesh trawls are utilized to capture small-bodied Northern shrimp ( Pandalus borealis ), silver hake ( Merluccius bilinearis ), and longfin inshore squid ( Doryteuthis pealeii ), which are too small to be retained by traditional “large-mesh” groundfish trawls with 165 mm mesh size codends. Due to small-mesh codends, these fisheries have historically discarded large amounts of important, juvenile groundfish species along with other bycatch species. Bycatch reduction strategies in these fisheries have focused on the design and implementation of bycatch reduction devices (BRDs) that separate target and bycatch species within the trawl. Species separation in small-mesh trawls often rely on behavioral differences between target and bycatch species, which are typically determined using under water video recordings. Behavioral differences, which occur at the BRD, allow the capture of targeted species and the escape of bycatch species. This paper reviewed BRD research and implementation in these fisheries, and discussed existing issues and future directions for research and development. This review suggests that: (1) the Northern shrimp fishery can improve bycatch reduction by combining additional BRDs with the Nordmore grid, and preferably the BRDs should be placed in the front part of the trawl to reduce bycatch stress and injury; (2) the silver hake fishery should be allowed more BRD options throughout its fishery; (3) and the longfin inshore squid fishery should apply drop-chain-style trawls to reduce the capture of demersal species, but more research remains to reduce the capture of schooling, pelagic fish.
Effects of the addition of acarbose to insulin and non-insulin regimens in veterans with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objectives: The primary objective of the study was to assess the mean change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) when acarbose was added to insulin and non-insulin regimens in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Secondary objectives were to evaluate the discontinuation rate of acarbose, and to assess the number of patients who were placed on insulin despite the addition of acarbose.Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on veterans with T2DM initiated on acarbose between October 1, 2013 and December 31, 2013. To be included, patients must have had a refill history indicating at least 3 months of acarbose use and HbA1c readings within 6 months prior to initiation and after at least 3 months of use. Excluded patients were those with type 1 diabetes mellitus, serum creatinine ≥2 mg/dL at acarbose initiation, or a diagnosis based on ICD-9 codes for an existing gastrointestinal condition or liver cirrhosis. The two-tailed, paired t-test was used for analysis of the primary objective and descriptive statistics were used for all other outcomes.Results: Of the 146 patients screened, 102 patients were included in the study. Exclusions were primarily due to patients not being on acarbose for at least 3 months (n=43). The average HbA1c before and after acarbose initiation was 9.08% (SD=1.74) and 8.43% (SD=1.74) respectively, with an average HbA1c reduction of 0.65% (n=102, p=0.0005). Forty patients (39.2%) discontinued acarbose after at least 3 months of use. Of the 73 patients not on insulin at the time of acarbose initiation, 19 (26%) were started on insulin therapy despite addition of acarbose.Conclusion: Acarbose can be considered in patients who may reach their HbA1c goal with minimal HbA1c reduction. However, adverse effects are a limitation to use. Potential risks and benefits should be assessed and discussed with the patient prior to prescribing acarbose.
Liza Ireni Saban: Disaster Emergency Management: The Emergence of Professional Help Services for Victims of Natural Disasters: Albany: SUNY University Press, 2014

Emergency management has been professionalizing for the past forty to fifty years. The process has been slow within government emergency management agencies, and it is still too common to see polit...
Managing from the Middle

A middle manager is an employee who reports to executive leaders who make the strategic decisions which shape the organization. However, the middle manager is also directly in charge of the front-line staff who do the work. In this chapter, we explore the unique role of hospitalist middle managers having to report to multiple stakeholders but also being skilled with the emotional intelligence to make higher level decisions actionable for front-line staff. We discuss challenges of middle managers which come with the territory of being the messenger and rarely the decision maker, having to report to multiple stakeholders with potentially different visions and being the one to receive the negative back-lash from leadership decisions that go wrong. We also discuss ways to leverage one’s role as a middle manager for success including taking more chances at decision making, networking with other middle managers and using one’s unique ability to understand the day-to-day work of employees, to leverage career advancement.
Abstract W P95: Disordered Breathing in a Mouse Model of Ischemic Stoke

Background: Stroke induced respiratory dysfunction is a common complication after stroke prolonging recovery and increasing mortality. Animal models are lacking. Central chemoreceptors play a vital...
Inferring mutant utility from program context

Existing mutation techniques produce vast numbers of equivalent, trivial, and redundant mutants. Selective mutation strategies aim to reduce the inherent redundancy of full mutation analysis to obtain most of its benefit for a fraction of the cost. Unfortunately, recent research has shown that there is no fixed selective mutation strategy that is effective across a broad range of programs; the utility (i.e., usefulness) of a mutant produced by a given mutation operator varies greatly across programs. This paper hypothesizes that mutant utility, in terms of equivalence, triviality, and dominance, can be predicted by incorporating context information from the program in which the mutant is embedded. Specifically, this paper (1) explains the intuition behind this hypothesis with a motivational example, (2) proposes an approach for modeling program context using a program's abstract syntax tree, and (3) proposes and evaluates a series of program-context models for predicting mutant utility. The results for 129 mutation operators show that program context information greatly increases the ability to predict mutant utility. The results further show that it is important to consider program context for individual mutation operators rather than mutation operator groups.
Statistical Confidentiality: Principles and Practice

Why statistical confidentiality?- Concepts of statistical disclosure limitation.- Assessment of disclosure risk.- Protecting tabular data.- Providing and protecting microdata.- Disclosure rRisk and data utility.- Restrictions on data access.- Thoughts on the future.
Distinct functions of diaphanous-related formins regulate HIV-1 uncoating and transport

Diaphanous (Dia)-related formins (DRFs) coordinate cytoskeletal remodeling by controlling actin nucleation and microtubule (MT) stabilization to facilitate processes such as cell polarization and migration; yet the full extent of their activities remains unknown. Here, we uncover two discrete roles and functions of DRFs during early human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Independent of their actin regulatory activities, Dia1 and Dia2 facilitated HIV-1-induced MT stabilization and the intracellular motility of virus particles. However, DRFs also bound in vitro assembled capsid-nucleocapsid complexes and promoted the disassembly of HIV-1 capsid (CA) shell. This process, also known as "uncoating," is among the most poorly understood stages in the viral lifecycle. Domain analysis and structure modeling revealed that regions of Dia2 that bound viral CA and mediated uncoating as well as early infection contained coiled-coil domains, and that these activities were genetically separable from effects on MT stabilization. Our findings reveal that HIV-1 exploits discrete functions of DRFs to coordinate critical steps in early infection and identifies Dia family members as regulators of the poorly understood process of HIV-1 uncoating.
The Grotesque Protest in Social Media as Embodied, Political Rhetoric:

The grotesque protest—emboldened through social media—employs the body’s fluids to push back against attempts to legislate bodies. Although social media use is commonly understood as engaging audie...
Introduction to special content section “The power of mapping in primary and secondary science education”

The genesis for this special content on the power of mapping in primary and secondary science education is based on our observations from 4 years of leading professional development for teachers on...
Single-Level Vertebroplasty and Biopsy

The patient is an 80-year-old man who has had multiple compression fractures in the past. He has some chronic back pain that is suspected to be related to noncritical spinal stenosis. He has prostate cancer, but no signs of metastasis clinically or by laboratory analysis. He presents with 2 weeks of new back pain after minor trauma at the junction of the mid and low back. His pain is worse with standing and movement but partially relieved by lying down. Oral narcotic analgesics produce considerable nausea and constipation. He is referred by his local physician with little change in the initial level of presenting symptoms and after undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This elderly gentleman has local tenderness at the thoracolumbar junction region on palpation. He is afebrile, and laboratory tests are normal with no signs of infection and normal clotting function.
Ventris, Michael (1922–1956)

Michael Ventris was an architect, not a linguist or philologist, by training and usual occupation. He is widely known, however (even outside of the academic world), for a singular linguistic accomplishment, namely, the decipherment of the Mycenaean Linear B script and the determination that the language it encoded was an archaic dialect of Greek.
The differential response of fluorobenzyl triphenyl phosphonium (FBnTP) and FDG upon activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis

444 Objectives The thermogenic response of BAT has been implicated in energy balance and obesity. The mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is responsible for BAT thermogenesis and its activity is correlated linearly with decline of the organelle’s membrane potential (ΔΨm). Targeting ΔΨm may enable a direct and more accurate estimate of BAT thermogenesis than that afforded by FDG. Here we characterize the voltage sensor FBnTP as marker of BAT thermogensis and investigate its relationship with FDG. Methods C-14-FBnTP, F-18-FDG and Tc-99m-MIBI biodistribution in BAT was quantified by direct tissue counting and autoradiography in Lewis rats (n = 16) under cold (40C) and room temperature (RT, 220C) with and without IP administration (5 mg/kg) of the adrenergic agonist propranolol (PROP). Results At RT, FBnTP demonstrated intense uptake in BAT, greater than in heart. Four hours of cold resulted in a significant decrease (>75%) of FBnTP uptake in BAT, but a marked increase (3 to 5-fold) of FDG uptake. There was no change in MIBI uptake after exposure to cold. Inhibition of the adrenergic system, using PROP prevented the cold-induced decrease of FBnTP and increase of FDG uptake in BAT. The cold also affected FBnTP and FDG uptake in organs other than BAT. Conclusions This study provides evidence that it is feasible to use FBnTP as a marker to explore thermodynamic mechanisms of brown adipocytes. For the first time, FBnTP makes it possible to unravel, in the intact organ, the UCP1-mediated dynamic inverse relationship of mitochondria bioenergetics and glucose metabolism as the underlying mechanism of BAT thermogensis. The combined use of FBnTP and FDG in BAT may serve as a model for studying relationship of glucose metabolism and mitochondrial oxidative activity relevant to cancer. PET imaging studies are in progress
How do Lisp Programmers Draw on Previous Experience to Solve Novel Problems

In two exploratory studies, we looked at how expert Lisp programmers organize Lisp knowledge, and how they solve complex programming problems. First, using our previous work on Pascal templates as a framework, we generated a set of potential Lisp templates and asked experts to identify and to sort them. Second, we invented a set of challenging Lisp programming problems and asked experts to solve one or two of them while thinking aloud. The protocols from these sessions give a rich picture of some of the techniques experts use to design solutions, and the criteria they use to evaluate partial solutions and solutions by others. We discuss how the results of these exploratory studies suggest changes to current Lisp instruction, and describe some instructional materials we are currently developing, including a set of Case Studies and a hypermedia library of Lisp templates.
A historical perspective on AA Boesak as organic intellectual par excellence: on social-analytical and hermeneutic mediation in theology

Allan Aubrey Boesak hasâ€”over the past five years or soâ€”been honoured from diverse perspectives by South Africans in festschrifts and journal articles, and particularly in a thesis. One would, however, look in vain for a study on his prowess as an organic intellectual. The objective of this article is to offer a historical perspective on his legacy of embodying, in an integrated fashion, the connectedness of the life of the mind and the struggles of the poor and the oppressed. His legacy is assessed in terms of the first three steps of the praxis cycle, namely insertion, context analysis, and theological reflection. The article shows that based on his rootedness in the black church, the Belydende Kring, the Alliance of Black Reformed Churches in Southern Africa and the United Democratic Front, he emerged as an organic intellectual par excellence. In accentuating his theological legacy, issues like identifying God as the God of the oppressed, human rights, and justice are highlighted. The article concludes with a brief attempt at capturing Boesakâ€™s intellectual legacy
Stability Analysis of Photovoltaic Virtual Synchronous Generators

Virtual Synchronous Generators (VSG), as an effective mean to improve the frequency and voltage regulation ability of the photovoltaic power generation, had aroused wide concern. The analysis on whether VSG would cause stability problem became an important issue to ensure the safety of power system. The stability analysis of photovoltaic VSG is an enormous challenge because this VSG not only retains the characteristic of power electronic devices but also emulates the essential behavior of synchronous generators. Existing studies concentrated on the stability of VSG device and the risk of oscillation when VSG applied in microgrid. The damping characteristic of distributed photovoltaic VSG has not been researched. Meanwhile the impact of each VSG control parameter on oscillation model damping has already been studied. However, the interactive influence from several parameters to system stability has not been discussed in existing researches. To address these issues, this paper developed the small signal model of photovoltaic VSG. The oscillation mode of VSG system was calculated based on this model, which was also applied to investigate the stability of whole system with different control parameters and under various system scenarios. The results obtained by small-signal model are validated by digital simulation equipped with physical controller. Brief conclusions were drawn as follows: (1) grid-connected photovoltaic VSG system has three dangerous oscillation modes of poorly damp, which are the mode caused by the power control, the mode introduced by virtual impedance control and the mode associated with LC filter; (2) unstable subsynchronous oscillation will appear if power droop gain or virtual mechanical time constant exceeds the threshold. High-frequency or synchronous oscillation may be excited by decreasing the virtual resistance. Subsynchronous oscillation can be caused by increasing the virtual resistance. Reduction of virtual inductance is likely to result in high-frequency or subsynchronous oscillation and growing of virtual inductance will contribute to a negative damping for subsynchronous and synchronous oscillation mode; (3) the damping of new oscillation mode introduced by power control of VSG is relatively small when photovoltaic VSG is applied in low voltage power grid. The influence from system condition to damping of oscillation mode associated with LC filter is the key factor to decide the stability of VSG system in high voltage grid.
Current Threats to Passive Microwave Remote Sensing and the Role of the Committee on Radio Frequencies (CORF)

Passive microwave remote sensing of the Earth is facing a number of current and future threats. They come from planned uses of the Radio Frequency (RF) spectrum by telecommunication and other services that, if approved by national and international regulatory commissions on frequency allocation, will greatly increase the possibility of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) affecting bands that are critical for the remote sensing of the Earth surface and of its atmosphere. CORF is a body of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences able to file position statements with regulatory agencies. Thse filings are often successful in gaining some adjustments to reduce the potential for RFI in frequency bands critical for microwave Earth remote sensing. In this paper we discuss some of the present threats to passive microwave remote sensing of the Earth and how CORF is filing position statements to protect the use of these frequencies for Earth remote sensing and also for the operation of radio telescopes.
Pediatric drug eruptions.

Drug eruptions in children are common but in general less studied than their adult counterparts. Aside from having significant impact on the child's health and quality of life, these reactions can limit what medications the patient can receive in the future. Familiarity with pediatric drug eruptions is important for accurate diagnosis and to prevent future recurrence or ineffective therapy. Our current understanding of how drug reactions differ mechanistically between children and adults is poor. There are multiple factors that could be contributing to the differing incidence, presentation, and treatment modalities offered to pediatric versus adult patients. For many of these cutaneous drug reactions, the treatment regime is not standardized, being based primarily on case reports. Although not comprehensive, this review highlights common pediatric drug eruption patterns and discuss diagnostic mimickers. Five cutaneous adverse drug reactions in the pediatric population are presented: morbilliform (exanthematous) eruptions, urticarial eruptions, serum sickness-like reactions, fixed drug eruptions, and DRESS syndrome. Clinical features, diagnostic workup, and management are discussed with an emphasis on the pediatric population.
How babies learn: The autonomic socioemotional reflex

Abstract Background Human and animal research has long documented the negative effects of early traumatic events on long-term development and socioemotional behavior. Yet, how and where the body stores these memories remains unclear. Current theories propose that the brain stores such memory in the subcortical limbic system. However, a clear theory of change with testable hypothesis has yet to emerge. Aims In this paper, we review the classical Pavlovian conditioning learning tradition, along with its functional variant. Then, we review calming cycle theory, which builds upon the idea that mother/infant learning is distinct from other types of learning, requiring a new set of assumptions in light of functional Pavlovian conditioning. Conclusion Calming cycle theory states that learning of behaviors associated with subcortical autonomic physiology is separate and distinct from learning of behaviors associated with cortical physiology. Mother/infant autonomic learning starts in the uterine environment via functional Pavlovian co-conditioning that is stored as conditional reflexes within the dyad's autonomic nervous systems. These reflexes are preserved transnatally as autonomic socioemotional reflexes (ASRs), which can be used to monitor mother-infant relational health. The functional Pavlovian co-conditioning mechanism can be exploited to change the physiological/behavioral reflex response. The theory provides a well established learning mechanism, a theory of change and a method of change, along with a set of hypotheses with which to test the theory. We present evidence from a randomized controlled trial with prematurely born infants and their mothers that supports calming cycle theory.
Implicit/Explicit Beliefs About God, Uncertainty, and Anxiety.

ABSTRACT Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) refers to the incapacity to cope with a perceived lack of information sustained by negative perceptions about uncertainty and its implications. Previous research regarding the role of religion and spirituality (R/S) in coping with uncertainty is unclear. The current research assessed if implicit and explicit beliefs about God are related to these discrepancies. Participants completed an explicit task, an implicit association task, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results indicated that explicit and implicit beliefs independently correlated with IU and anxiety. Regression analyses suggested that these correlations were primarily due to the relationship between negative beliefs of God and IU and that IU partially mediated the relationship between R/S and anxiety. The current findings add to the growing literature on IU and suggest the need to address R/S as a possible correlate of IU.
Implementation of New Ways of Artificial Intelligence in Sports

Artificial Intelligent (A.I.) technology has been evolving in the last few years, and it is evident that it is enhancing many sectors. In this case, A.I. has been of great importance in the sports industry. It has played a significant role in ensuring that the sector evolves from tradition to more modern ways. This paper makes research on the benefit of A.I. in the sports industry. The report begins by giving an overview of the topic regarding how the two aspects link. The article also identifies some of the A.I. applications used in sports today. The research finds out that there are significant fans who are the main beneficiary of A.I. technology. Also, the businesses associated with sports are growing fast due to high awareness created through this technology. Again, the future will be more confident because of the changes in innovation. Therefore, it is recommendable for sports businesses to stay updated.
On Feasibility of Attribute-Aware Relationship-Based Access Control Policy Mining

This paper studies whether exact conversion to an AReBAC (Attribute-aware Relationship-Based Access Control) system is possible from an Enumerated Authorization System (EAS), given supporting attribute and relationship data. The Attribute-aware ReBAC Ruleset Existence Problem (ARREP) is defined formally and solved algorithmically, along with complexity analysis. Approaches to resolve infeasibility using exact solutions are discussed.
The fractional $k$-truncated metric dimension of graphs

The metric dimension, $\dim(G)$, and the fractional metric dimension, $\dim_f(G)$, of a graph $G$ have been studied extensively. Let $G$ be a graph with vertex set $V(G)$, and let $d(x,y)$ denote the length of a shortest $x-y$ path in $G$. Let $k$ be a positive integer. For any $x,y \in V(G)$, let $d_k(x,y)=\min\{d(x,y), k+1\}$ and let $R_k\{x,y\}=\{z\in V(G): d_k(x,z) \neq d_k(y,z)\}$. A set $S \subseteq V(G)$ is a \emph{$k$-truncated resolving set} of $G$ if $|S \cap R_k\{x,y\}| \ge 1$ for any distinct $x,y\in V(G)$, and the \emph{$k$-truncated metric dimension} $\dim_k(G)$ of $G$ is the minimum cardinality over all $k$-truncated resolving sets of $G$. For a function $g$ defined on $V(G)$ and for $U \subseteq V(G)$, let $g(U)=\sum_{s\in U}g(s)$. A real-valued function $g:V(G) \rightarrow[0,1]$ is a \emph{$k$-truncated resolving function} of $G$ if $g(R_k\{x,y\}) \ge 1$ for any distinct $x, y\in V(G)$, and the \emph{fractional $k$-truncated metric dimension} $\dim_{k,f}(G)$ of $G$ is $\min\{g(V(G)): g \mbox{ is a $k$-truncated resolving function of }G\}$. Note that $\dim_{k,f}(G)$ reduces to $\dim_k(G)$ if the codomain of $k$-truncated resolving functions is restricted to $\{0,1\}$, and $\dim_{k,f}(G)=\dim_f(G)$ if $k$ is at least the diameter of $G$. In this paper, we study the fractional $k$-truncated metric dimension of graphs. For any connected graph $G$ of order $n\ge2$, we show that $1 \le \dim_{k,f}(G) \le \frac{n}{2}$; we characterize $G$ satisfying $\dim_{k,f}(G)$ equals $1$ and $\frac{n}{2}$, respectively. We examine $\dim_{k,f}(G)$ of some graph classes. We also show the existence of non-isomorphic graphs $G$ and $H$ such that $\dim_k(G)=\dim_k(H)$ and $\dim_{k,f}(G)\neq \dim_{k,f}(H)$, and we examine the relation among $\dim(G)$, $\dim_f(G)$, $\dim_k(G)$ and $\dim_{k,f}(G)$. We conclude the paper with some open problems.