cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Juvenile hormone titres and metabolism during starvation-induced supernumerary larval moulting of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta L.

When tobacco hornworm (manduca sexta) larvae are starved for 5 days immediately after ecdysis to the 5th instar, then fed normal diet, they undergo a supernumerary moult instead of metamorphosis. During starvation the titre of juvenile hormone in the haemolymph increased to a maximum of 3 ng juvenile hormone I equivalents/ml (determined by the black Manduca larval bioassay) on the fourth day of starvation, then began a decline which continued through the subsequent feeding period. The changes in juvenile hormone titre were not attributable to changes in haemolymph volume during starvation (only a 5% decrease) and subsequent feeding. During starvation the esterase activity of the haemolymph declined 4-fold with a 2-fold larger decrease in the DFP-insensitive, presumably juvenile hormone specific, esterase activity. Both the total and the juvenile hormone-specific esterase activity then increased as a function of larval weight during the subsequent feeding period. As growth was slow in the prolongedly starved larvae, sufficient juvenile hormone was present at the time of prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) and ecdysteroid release at the beginning of the fourth day of feeding to prevent metamorphosis.
The Advocates Training Partnership Program

The scientific community cannot succeed in a vacuum. Recruitment of subjects for research in population- and disease-specific projects, patients for clinical care, and families for investigation can be greatly enhanced via knowledge of and working relationships with specific advocate organizations. To garner enhanced resources for the funding of research, as well as to influence policies that recognize and encourage responsible research activities, the message of the scientists is much more effectively stated—and certainly more noticed—if the message is delivered through consumer and patient groups. Our combined efforts will be much stronger than separate voices in many important spheres of influence. In addition, the educational goals of ASHG will in part be addressed by enhancing the partnerships with these groups, since they represent parties invested in having the very best and newest basic and clinical information possible.ASHG is pleased to have initiated this Advocate Training Partnership Program, and we encourage all scientists attending the meeting to welcome the Advocates to our meeting in New Orleans.
Representing information in cell assemblies: persistent activity mediated by semilunar granule cells

Here we found that perforant path stimulation in rat hippocampal slices evoked long-lasting barrages of synaptic inputs in subpopulations of dentate gyrus mossy cells and hilar interneurons. Synaptic barrages triggered persistent firing in hilar neurons (hilar up-states). We found that synaptic barrages originate from semilunar granule cells (SGCs), glutamatergic neurons in the inner molecular layer that generate long-duration plateau potentials in response to excitatory synaptic input. MK801, nimodipine and nickel all abolished both stimulus-evoked plateau potentials in SGCs and synaptic barrages in downstream hilar neurons without blocking fast synaptic transmission. Hilar up-states triggered functional inhibition in granule cells that persisted for more than 10 s. Hilar cell assemblies, identified by simultaneous triple and paired intracellular recordings, were linked by persistent firing in SGCs. Population responses recorded in hilar neurons accurately encoded stimulus identity. Stimulus-evoked up-states in the dentate gyrus represent a potential cellular basis for hippocampal working memory.
The Attitude of College Students toward God and the Church

(1940). The Attitude of College Students toward God and the Church. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 11-18.
Zero pre-shared secret key establishment in the presence of jammers

We consider the problem of key establishment over a wireless radio channel in the presence of a communication jammer, initially introduced in [13]. The communicating nodes are not assumed to pre-share any secret. The established key can later be used by a conventional spread-spectrum communication system. We introduce new communication concepts called intractable forward-decoding and efficient backward-decoding. Decoding under our mechanism requires at most twice the computation cost of the conventional SS decoding and one packet worth of signal storage. We introduce techniques that apply a key schedule to packet spreading and develop a provably optimal key schedule to minimize the bit-despreading cost. We also use efficient FFT-based algorithms for packet detection. We evaluate our techniques and show that they are efficient both in terms of resiliency against jammers and computation. Finally, our technique has additional features such as the inability to detect packet transmission until the last few bits are being transmitted, and transmissions being destination-specific. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first solution that is optimal in terms of communication energy cost with very little storage and computation overhead.
Ultrasonic pulse-echo determination of thermal injury in deep dermal burns

Burns of all kinds represent a serious class of traumatic injury, affecting over two million people annually in the United States alone. Of this number, over 70000 are serious enough to require extended hospitalization. Currently, there is no sensitive, quantitative technique for measuring the depth of thermal damage in such injuries. An ultrasonic pulse-echo technique is described here whereby such information can be obtained within a few minutes postburn. Results from model porcine experiments are given to illustrate the usefullness of the method, and implication for the clinical care of human burn victims are discussed.
Transcriptional profiling of whole blood and serum protein analysis of mice exposed to the neurotoxin Pacific Ciguatoxin-1

Ciguatoxins (CTX) are a suite of cyclic polyether toxins produced by the marine dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus sp., are potent activators of voltage-gated sodium channels and a leading cause of human poisoning from food fish. This report characterizes the genomic and proteomic response in whole blood of adult male mice exposed i.p. to 264 ng/kg of the Pacific congener of CTX (P-CTX-1) at 1, 4 and 24h. Whole genome microarray expression data were filtered by tightness of fit between replicates, fold change (1.8) and p-value (10(-5)), resulting in 183 annotated genes used for trending analysis, K-means clustering and ontology classification. Genes involved with cytokine signaling, proteasome complex and ribosomal function were dominant. qPCR performed on 19 genes of interest had a correlation of 0.95 to array results by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Serum protein analysis showed small but significant changes in 6 of 60 proteins assayed: Ccl2, Ccl12, CD40, IL-10, leptin and M-CSF. In large part, the gene expression was consistent with a Th2 immune response with interesting similarities to expression seen in asthmatic models.
Numerical accuracy of equivalent spherical approximations for computing ensemble-averaged scattering properties of fractal soot aggregates

Abstract Numerical accuracy is quantitatively assessed in conjunction with the application of four “equivalent” spherical approximations in the computation of the optical properties of small aggregate soot particles. The approximations are based on equal volume, equal surface area, the radius of gyration, and a collection of independent spheres with the same volume and the same volume-to-projected area ratio as the original nonspherical particle. A diffusion-limited cluster–cluster aggregation algorithm is used to specify the geometries of soot particles. Furthermore, the Generalized Multi-particle Mie (GMM) method is utilized to compute the single-scattering properties of individual soot aggregate particles assumed to be randomly oriented in space. The ensemble-averaged single-scattering properties of the particles are obtained by accounting for the probability distribution functions (PDF) of the number of monomers per aggregate at two wavelengths, 0.628 and 1.1 μm. It is shown that all of the aforementioned equivalent-spherical approximations lead to large errors in the computation of the phase function.
Diagnostic ionizing radiation exposure in premature patients.

Concern regarding the magnitude and consequences of diagnostic radiation exposure in premature infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) has increased as survival of premature infants has improved. Radiation exposure is not often rigorously monitored in NICU patients. The purpose of this observational study was to quantify the amount of ionizing radiation exposure in infants 1000 μSv). Inclusion of fluoroscopic procedures increased to 26 the number of infants (12.1%) who received more than the maximum recommended 1000 μSv. Ionizing radiation exposure that exceeded the recommended maximum in premature infants at high risk for long-term sequelae occurred in 12.1% of infants who were <33 weeks gestation and who were cared for in our NICU over the past 5 years. CVL placement accounted for 22% of this radiation exposure. GI evaluations accounted for the greatest amount of ionizing radiation exposure. We suggest that the increased use of other imaging strategies may reduce total ionizing radiation exposure in this vulnerable population.
A Mechanical Model for Deformation and Earthquakes on Strike-Slip Faults

A two-dimensional model for stress accumulation and earthquake instability associated with strike-slip faults is considered. The model consists of an elastic lithosphere overlying a viscous asthenosphere, and a fault of finite width with an upper brittle zone having an elastoplastic response and a lower ductile zone having an elastoviscoplastic response. For the brittle, or seismic, zone the behavior of the fault material is assumed to be governed by a relation which involves strain hardening followed by a softening regime, with strength increasing with depth. For the fault material in the ductile, or aseismic, section, the viscous effect is included through use of a nonlinear creep law, and the strength is assumed to decrease with depth. Hence, because of the lesser strength and the viscous effect, continuous flow occurs at great depths, causing stress accumulation at the upper portion of the fault and leading to failure at the bottom of the brittle zone. The failure is initially due to localized strain softening but, with further flow, the material above the softened zone reaches its maximum strength and begins to soften. This process accelerates and may result in an unstable upward rupture propagation.
Exotic plants establish persistent communities

Many exotic plants utilize early successional traits to invade disturbed sites, but in some cases these same species appear able to prevent re-establishment of late-successional and native species. Between 2002 and 2004, I studied 25 fields that represent a 52-year chronosequence of agricultural abandonment in a shrub-steppe ecosystem in Washington State, USA, to determine if exotic plants behaved as early successional species (i.e., became less abundant over time) or if they established persistent communities. Exotics maintained dominance in tilled (73% of total cover) relative to never-tilled (6% of total cover) fields throughout the chronosequence. Exotic community composition, however, changed on annual and decadal timescales. Changes in exotic community composition did not reflect typical successional patterns. For example, some exotic perennial species (e.g., Centaurea diffusa and Medicago sativa) were less common and some exotic annual species (e.g., Sissymbrium loeselii and S. altissimum) were more common in older relative to younger fields. Exotics in the study area appeared to establish communities that are resistant to re-invasion by natives, resilient to losses of individual exotic species, and as a result, maintain total exotic cover over both the short- and long-term: exotics replaced exotics. Exotics did not invade native communities and natives did not invade exotic communities across the chronosequence. These results suggest that, in disturbed sites, exotic plants establish an alternative community type that while widely variable in composition, maintains total cover over annual and decadal timescales. Identifying alternative state exotic communities and the mechanisms that explain their growth is likely to be essential for native plant restoration.
Lead in residential soils: background and preliminary results of New Orleans

Airborne Pb settles out and accumulates on the ground. In this way soil has become a major reservoir of Ph. The New Orleans Lead study is based on previous empirical studies of several cities. None of the cities are mining towns nor do they have primary smelting facilities. The first study was conducted in Baltimore, MD, and showed that the location of soil Pb is related to urban geography, with the highest levels clustered within the inner-city. The statistical measure of inner-city clustering was extremely significant (p-value<10−23). Research in Minnesota confirmed the fact that amount of soil Pb is a function of city location and furthermore, that the amount of soil Pb is a function of city size. In Minnesota, two independent projects undertaken in Minneapolis and St. Paul provided information to refine collection techniques. It was concluded that 10 to 15 samples, collected from the top 2 cm soil surface, organized by sample type, and stratified by census tract, were sufficient to map a city. The techniques are being applied to New Orleans and preliminary data confirm fundamental differences (p-value ⋘ 10−6) between various communities. A method for mapping soil Pb in residential communities of urban environments has been achieved.
Food intake in rats is unaffected by the profile of dietary essential fatty acids.

Food intake may be differentially responsive to the type of fat in the diet. The present investigation sought to evaluate the energy intake of rats maintained on either a low-fat or a high-fat diet mixed with an oil rich in either linoleic (18:2; n−6; safflower oil) or linolenic (18:3; n−3; flaxseed oil) acid. In Experiment 1, rats (n=28) consumed low-fat versions of either the safflower oil diet or the flaxseed oil diet, each at 9.28% fat (wt/wt). In Experiment 2, different rats (n=28) consumed high-fat versions of these diets, each at 23.6% fat (wt/wt). Within each experiment, the energy intake of rats receiving the safflower oil diet was compared to the energy intake of rats receiving the flaxseed oil diet. Food intake was measured under short-term, long-term and food-deprived conditions. In Experiment 1, short-term energy intakes were not different between the groups, thus demonstrating equal acceptance of the test diets. There were no consistent differences in long-term energy intakes between the safflower group and the flaxseed group. In addition, there were no differences in energy intake under the food-deprivation condition. Results from Experiment 2 paralleled those of Experiment 1. Taken together, the present results suggest that the essential fatty acid profile of the maintenance diet does not influence food intake when nutritive oils are the predominant fatty acid source.
Endoscopic restoration of esophageal continuity in caustic burn

Total obliteration of the esophageal lumen after caustic ingestion is an uncommon event. Esophageal continuity was reestablished using endoscopic resection of scar tissue followed by serial dilatations.
Comments on capabilities, limitations and “correctness” of Petri nets

In this paper we examine the capabilities and limitations of Petri nets and investigate techniques for proving their correctness. We define different classes of nets where each is basically a Petri net with slight modifications and study the relationship between the various classes. One particular class appears to be quite powerful, with respect to its capability for representing coordinations. In the second part of the paper we establish the feasibility of using the methods of computational induction and inductive assertions to prove restricted statements about Petri nets.
Multiple Comparisons with the Best, with Economic Applications

In this paper we discuss a statistical method called multiple comparisons with the best, or MCB. This paper is meant to introduce MCB to economists. We discuss possible uses of MCB in economics. The application that we treat in most detail is the construction of confidence intervals for inefficiency measures from stochastic frontier models with panel data. We also consider an application to the analysis of labour market wage gaps. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Classification of the Genera and Higher Taxa of the Meloid Subfamily Eleticinae (Coleoptera)

The Eleticinae are an archaic and in many respects primitive group of Meloidae found in South America (widespread), Africa (south of the Sahara Desert), and the Oriental Region (India to Thailand). They are, in general, poorly represented in collections, and very little is known definitely of their bionomics. On the basis of an analysis of adult anatomical characters the subfamily is defined in detail and is classified to the generic level in the present paper. Two tribes, seven subtribes, and 10 genera are recognized, keyed, and diagnosed. The tribe Spasticini is arranged as follows: Protomeloina Abdullah, transferred from the Meloinae and reduced to subtribal rank, with Protomeloe Abdullah; Spasticina Kaszab with Spastica Lacordaire; Xenospastina, new subtribe, with Xenospasta, new genus; and Anthicoxenina, new subtribe, with Anthicoxenus Fairmaire and Germain, formerly placed in the Anthicidae, and Iselma Haag-Rutenberg. The arrangement of the tribe Eleticini is: Eospastina, new subtribe, with Eospasta, new genus, and Serrospasta, new genus; Eleticina Wellman with Eletica Lacordaire (and including, as subgenera, Sibuteletica Pic, Meteletica Kaszab, and Proeletica Kaszab); and Ertlianina, new name for Ertliini Kaszab, with Ertliana Selander (= Steniselma Borchmann, new synonymy) and Ceriselma Borchmann, the latter elevated from subgeneric rank in Iselma. Species described as new are Protomeloe simplex (Argentina), Spastica minas (Brazil), Xenospasta flava (Colombia), and Serrospasta vittata (Colombia).
Effect of Interstitial Fluid on Particle−Particle Interactions in Kinetic Theory Approach of Dilute Turbulent Fluid−Particle Flow

A new two-fluid model for fluid−particle turbulent flow is developed in the present study. The model, which employs kinetic theory of dense gas concepts in describing momentum and kinetic energy transfer between colliding particles, incorporates the influence of the interstitial fluid on the random motions of the particles by introducing two distinct particle coefficients of restitution, ef and es, to characterize the inelasticity of particles colliding in a fluid and in a vacuum, respectively. When two particles collide in a fluid, a fraction of the particles' fluctuating kinetic energy is dissipated as heat as a result of inelastic collisions and another fraction is dissipated into the fluid fluctuations, as the particles must exert work on the fluid to displace the interstitial fluid between the two particle surfaces. The values for ef have been shown experimentally to depend on the impact Stokes number, St, which characterizes the ratio of the particle inertia to the viscous force. The predictions of ...
Three-level Q-switched laser operation of ytterbium-doped Sr(5)(PO(4))(3)F at 985 nm.

Ytterbium-doped Sr5PO43F was successfully lased at 985 nm in quasi-cw mode with a slope efficiency of 74% and an absorbed threshold energy of 18 mJ. Q-switched slope efficiencies of 21% were obtained with a maximum energy of 9.4 mJ in 8.8-ns pulses.
The Cypriot Exemption from Evocatio and the Character of Cicero’s Proconsulship.

Q. Volusium, tui Tiberi generum, certum hominem et mirifice abstinentem, misi in Cyprum ut ibi pauculos dies esset, ne cives Romani pauci qui illic negotiantur ius sibi dictum negarent; nam evocari ex insula Cyprios non licet. (Cic. Att. 5.21.6) I sent Quintus Volusius, the son-in-law of your friend Tiberius, a man both trustworthy and extraordinarily moderate, to Cyprus for only a couple of days, lest the few Roman citizens who do business there should claim that they had no legal recourse available to them, since it is not permitted for Cypriots to be summoned off the island. Scholars have taken slight notice (if they mention it at all) of Cicero's interesting comment that Cypriots were exempt from evocatio, the summons of a defendant or witness to a legal proceeding by a Roman magistrate with imperium. While the legal ramifications of the ban on evocatio on Cyprus are clear, the origin of this exemption is not. The only explicit theory on its origin – Badian's argument that the prohibition was part of Lentulus' lex provinciae, a law for the formal organization of the province of Cyprus – has been influential, though it is based on tenuous evidence. Few ancient sources for Roman rule on Cyprus during the Late Republic have survived, and we must rely almost entirely on Cicero's letters. Cicero's correspondence, however, indicates (against Badian) that the ban on evocatio was a codicil of Cicero's provincial edict, and not a part of either Lentulus' lex provinciae or his provincial edict. Personal, political, and military considerations all played a role in Cicero's decision to make the citizens of Cyprus exempt from being called to the administrative gathering for the dispensation of justice and other legal and political matters known as a conventus.
The DEDUCE Guided Query tool

In many healthcare organizations, comparative effectiveness research and quality improvement (QI) investigations are hampered by a lack of access to data created as a byproduct of patient care. Data collection often hinges upon either manual chart review or ad hoc requests to technical experts who support legacy clinical systems. In order to facilitate this needed capacity for data exploration at our institution (Duke University Health System), we have designed and deployed a robust Web application for cohort identification and data extraction-the Duke Enterprise Data Unified Content Explorer (DEDUCE). DEDUCE is envisioned as a simple, web-based environment that allows investigators access to administrative, financial, and clinical information generated during patient care. By using business intelligence tools to create a view into Duke Medicine's enterprise data warehouse, DEDUCE provides a Guided Query functionality using a wizard-like interface that lets users filter through millions of clinical records, explore aggregate reports, and, export extracts. Researchers and QI specialists can obtain detailed patient- and observation-level extracts without needing to understand structured query language or the underlying database model. Developers designing such tools must devote sufficient training and develop application safeguards to ensure that patient-centered clinical researchers understand when observation-level extracts should be used. This may mitigate the risk of data being misunderstood and consequently used in an improper fashion.
Reduction in emergence of Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae) from sweet cherries with different egg and larval distributions using newer insecticides.

Western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae), is the major insect pest of sweet cherry, Prunus avium (L.) L., in the Pacific Northwest of the U.S. To reduce fly populations in unharvested fruit following the completion of commercial harvest, it is important to control immature stages in cherry fruit. In this study, the goals were to (1) identify the susceptibility of the eggs and larvae to neonicotinoid and other insecticides and to (2) determine the effects of these insecticides on larval emergence from sweet cherries with different egg and larval distributions (the relative percentages of different stages). Only 3.3% of eggs exposed for 15 s to thiacloprid hatched, whereas 25.0-41.0% of eggs exposed to water only, spinosad, and imidacloprid hatched. Larval mortalities in cherries 48-52 h after being treated with imidacloprid, thiacloprid and acetamiprid were 50.0-66.7%, significantly higher than the 24.0% mortality in untreated cherries. Imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, acetamiprid, and clothianidin were equally effective in reducing larval emergence when sprayed on cherries in which eggs were 94.2% of the immature stages, but imidacloprid and acetamiprid appeared to be the most effective when sprayed on cherries in which eggs were only 19.7% and 53.8% of the immature stages. Results indicate neonicotinoids are toxic to eggs and larvae of R. indifferens, and that all are more effective in cherries against eggs than larvae. For fly control, the time interval between the last spray directed against adult flies and the first post-harvest spray of neonicotinoids should be no more than one week, in order to reduce chances eggs hatch and larvae develop.
Shade-avoidance responses in two common coastal redwood forest species, Sequoia sempervirens (Taxodiaceae) and Satureja douglasii (Lamiaceae), occurring in various light quality environments

Shade-avoidance responses were examined for two species common to the coastal redwood forest, Sequoia sempervirens and Satureja douglasii. Sequoia seedlings demonstrated a shade-avoidance response when given end-of-day far-red light by increased hypocotyl, epicotyl, and first-node extension, and greater total number of needles and reduced anthocyanin concentration. Thus, Sequoia seedlings respond as sun-adapted plants. Satureja has several leaf monoterpene chemotypes that occur in different light environments including the redwood forest, and the types responded differently to the light treatments. The pulegone type responded to end-of-day far-red light as a sun-adapted plant with significant extension growth, increased leaf area and chlorophyll, and reduced anthocyanin. The isomenthone type responded as a shade-tolerant plant and did not exhibit extension growth nor a change in other parameters with end-of-day far-red light. However, the carvone and bicyclic types had variable responses depending on the parameter studied, which indicated genetic variation for these traits.
Biosynthesis in vitro of gangliosides containing Gg- and Lc-cores.

The structures of at least 40 different gangliosides containing N-acetylgalactosamine1–7 and N-acetylglucosamine8–21 have been reported by several laboratories, in addition to four hexosamine-free gangliosides (GM4, GM3, GD3 and GT3).22–26 All of these gangliosides are widely distributed in animal tissues, particularly in synaptic membranes and on erythrocyte surfaces. In general, the gangliosides may be reclassified as acidic glycosphingolipids (acidic GSLs) containing N-glycolyl-(NeuGc) or N-acetylneuraminic (NeuAc) moieties attached to two distinct oligosaccharide core structures. The gangliosides containing the gangliotetraosylceramide (GgOse4Cer; Gal βl-3GalNAcβ 1-4Galβl-4Glc-Cer) core appears to be ubiquitous in neuronal cells. However, extraneuronal tissues and erythrocytes of various species contain gangliosides with neo-lactotetraosylceramide (Galβ 1-4GlcNAcβ 1-3Galβ 1-4Glc-Cer; nLcOse4Cer) as the core structure (Fig. 1). At least three different galactosyl linkages (Galβ1-4Glc-R, Gal β1-3GalNAc-R′ and Gal β1-4GlcNAc-R″) (Fig. 2) and three different sialyl linkages (NeuAc α2-3Galβ 1-4Glc-R′, NeuAcα 2-8NeuAcα 2-3Gal-R″ and NeuAc α2-3Galβ 1-4GlcNAc-R‴) (Fig. 3) are present in gangliosides of the Gg- and Lc-series.
Genre and Point of View in Luke's Gospel

This study examines how the relationships between Luke's Gospel and other extant literary works shape the Gospel's narrative point of view. It discusses and evaluates the major proposals for identi...
The CD8+ T-Cell Response to Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Involves the L Antigen: Uncovering New Tricks for an Old Virus

CD8 + T-cell responses control lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection in H-2 b mice. Although antigen-specific responses against LCMV infection are well studied, we found that a significant fraction of the CD8 + CD44 hi T-cell response to LCMV in H-2 b mice was not accounted for by known epitopes. We screened peptides predicted to bind major histocompatibility complex class I and overlapping 15-mer peptides spanning the complete LCMV proteome for gamma interferon (IFN-γ) induction from CD8 + T cells derived from LCMV-infected H-2 b mice. We identified 19 novel epitopes. Together with the 9 previously known, these epitopes account for the total CD8 + CD44 hi response. Thus, bystander T-cell activation does not contribute appreciably to the CD8 + CD44 hi pool. Strikingly, 15 of the 19 new epitopes were derived from the viral L polymerase, which, until now, was not recognized as a target of the cellular response induced by LCMV infection. The L epitopes induced significant levels of in vivo cytotoxicity and conferred protection against LCMV challenge. Interestingly, protection from viral challenge was best correlated with the cytolytic potential of CD8 + T cells, whereas IFN-γ production and peptide avidity appear to play a lesser role. Taken together, these findings illustrate that the LCMV-specific CD8 + T-cell response is more complex than previously appreciated.
A game-theoretic formulation of multi-agent resource allocation

This paper considers resource allocation in a network with mobile agents competing for computational priority. We formulate this problem as a multi-agent game with the players being agents purchasing service from a common server. We show that there exists a computable Nash equilibrium when agents have perfect information into the future. We simulate a network of hosts and agents using our strategy to show that our resource-allocation mechanism effectively prioritizes agents according to their endowments.
Heidegger on Technology and Democracy

One of the most interesting and troubling facts about Martin Heidegger, a realization brought forcefully to our attention by the publication of Victor Farias’s study of Heidegger and Nazism, is the fact that, after all the qualifications and interpretation, this important German thinker was deeply and irrevocably committed to one of the most antidemocratic movements of this or any other historical moment.1
3-D Nonisothermal Flow Simulation Model for Injected Pultrusion Processes

Injected pultrusion (IP) is an efficient process for high-quality, low-cost, high-volume manufacturing of polymeric composites with relatively simple cross sections. This process was developed recently, and efforts to develop tools for model-based design and optimization of this process have only just begun. This work focuses on developing a 3-D nonisothermal computer simulation model for the IP process. First, the governing equations for transport of mass, momentum, and energy are formulated by using a local volume-averaging approach. In turn, a computer simulation model of the IP process is developed using the finite-element/control-volume (FE/CV) approach. Specifically, the continuity equation and the conservation of momentum equation are solved using a Galerkin FE/CV technique. The chemical species balance equation is solved in the Lagrangian frame of reference, whereas the energy equation is solved using the streamline upwind Petrov-Galerkin approach. Using the simulation model, the effect of fiber pull speed, reinforcement anisotropy, and taper of the die on the product quality was demonstrated. In addition a simple pulling-force model was developed and integrated with the simulation model. Overall, the simulation model can be effectively used to design the die geometry and to optimize the operating conditions for a given product.
Paleoecology of a late Paleocene (Tiffanian) megaflora from the northern Great Divide Basin, Wyoming

To reconstruct a late Paleocene (Tiffanian) vegetation, we intensively sampled and censused plant megafossils of the Fort Union Formation from Bison Basin, Wyoming. Extensive sampling of this deposit at the local scale was undertaken to assess the species richness and spatial distribution of leaf megafossils in a well-dated Paleocene assemblage. The megafossils were recovered from a series of ten quarries in a single fossiliferous horizon composed of fine-grained claystone that represents deposition in a shallow floodplain pond. Early and middle Paleocene leaf localities from the northern Great Plains are typically depauperate; this deposit was no exception, yielding only 28 distinct leaf morphotypes from a collection of 5,650 specimens (average: 10.6 morphotypes/quarry). Significant differences in the numbers of specimens per morphotype were observed. Four species, Corylites sp. (37.66%), Archeampelos acerifolia (33.93%), Metasequoia occidentalis (18.35%), and Fortuna cf. F. marsilioides (5.29%) comprised >95% of the specimens recovered. Megafloral dominants were fairly consistent from quarry to quarry indicating that this vegetation was relatively homogeneous at the scale of the local community. Detrended Correspondence Analysis indicates that there is no environmental gradient apparent within this community. This extremely well-sampled and laterally extensive leaf site supports the view that the late Paleocene (Tiffanian) flora of the northern Rockies is depauperate compared to megafloras of the Late Cretaceous and late Paleocene (Clarkforkian).
Afrocentric Humanism and African American Women’s Humanizing Activism:

Afrocentric scholars have consistently emphasized the thematic importance of the humanistic viewpoint to the overall liberation struggles of African Americans. Often, the essential principles defin...
Quantifier Words and Their Multi-functional(?) Parts

Formal semantic analyses often take words to be minimal building blocks for the purposes of compositionality. But various recent theories of morphology and syntax have converged on the view that there is no demarcation line corresponding to the word level. The same conclusion has emerged from the compositional semantics of superlatives. In the spirit of extending compositionality below the word level, this paper explores how a small set of particles (Japanese ka and mo, Chinese dou, and Hungarian vala/vagy, mind, and is) form quantifier words and serve as connectives, additive and scalar particles, question markers, and existential verbs. Our main question is whether the meanings of these particles across the varied environments are highly regular, or they are lexicalized with a variety of different meanings that bear a family resemblance. This paper does not reach definitive conclusions, but it raises analytical possibilities using Boolean semantics and Inquisitive Semantics (the semantics of alternative...
Combination Loxapine and Aripiprazole for Refractory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia

Objective:To document the effects of combining loxapine with aripiprazole for refractory hallucinations in 2 patients with chronic schizophrenia.Case Summary:Two patients with schizophrenia and aud...
Focused synthetic aperture radar processing of ice-sounder data collected over the Greenland ice sheet

The authors developed a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) processing algorithm for airborne/spaceborne ice-sounding radar systems and applied it to data collected in Greenland. By using focused SAR (phase-corrected coherent averaging), they improved along-track resolution by a factor of four and provided a 6-dB processing gain over unfocused SAR (coherent averaging without phase correction) based on a point-target analysis for a Greenland ice-sounding data set. Also, They demonstrated that the focused-SAR processing reduced clutter and enabled them to identify bedrock-interface returns buried in clutter. Using focused-SAR technique, they processed data collected over a key 360-km-long portion of the 2000-m contour line of southwest Greenland. To the best of their knowledge, these are the first high-quality radar ice thickness measurements over this key location. Moreover, these ice-thickness measurements have been used for improving mass-balance estimates of the Greenland ice sheet.
Pregnancy enhances G protein activation and nitric oxide release from uterine arteries.

We hypothesized that pregnancy modulates receptor-mediated responses of the uterine artery (UA) by altering G protein activation or coupling. Relaxation and contraction to NaF (0.5–11.5 mM), acetyl...
SOME FACTORS INFLUENCING THE VITALIZATION OF THE OVARIAN GRAFT AND THE PRODUCTION OF SEX HORMONES IN THE MALE RAT

Sex antagonism has been an interesting and strongly contested field of research. There is conclusive evidence that antagonism of the inductor systems in sex differentiation exists (1). However, it is now an accepted fact that after differentiation is complete, in the mammal at least, there is no direct antagonism between the gonads or their hormones. Any supposed antagonism has been explained by a suppressive action of the hormones upon the hypophysis (2), yet in some grafting experiments (3) it was observed that in certain groups of rats the male hormone and the ovarian grafts were both suppressed. In former experiments (4), using immature grafts from littermates or closely inbred strains, no suppression was noted. This investigation is, therefore, an analysis of some possible factors responsible for the non-viability of the ovarian grafts and the suppression of the male hormone in the male host. An examination of the protocols of the previous experiment suggests three points: 1) the ovarian grafts may h...
The association between the CYP3A5 genotype and blood pressure

A previous report indicated that the CYP3A5 *1 allele was associated with elevated blood pressure in young African Americans. We determined the frequency of the CYP3A5 *3 allele in 271 subjects (73.4% Caucasian, 34.3% hypertensives, 51.3% men) using the real time polymerase chain reaction. These subjects were part of a longitudinal study of salt sensitivity (initial mean age was 34 years). Demographics and blood pressure (BP), creatinine clearance, urine microalbumin excretion, vascular reactivity measurements and insulin sensitivity indices were recorded during the mean follow-up of 26 years. Using Wilcoxon paired tests, we found that among Caucasians, initial BMI was higher for *1/*3 (27.2±6.0) when compared with *3/*3 (25.1±5.1) (p=0.04) and Homeostasis Model Assessment taken during follow-up was also higher for *1/*3 (9.6±14.1) when compared with *3/*3 (5.7±8.4) (p=0.05). For African Americans, baseline systolic BP taken during the initial study was significantly higher in those with the *3/*3 genotype (146±35 mm Hg) than those with the *1/*1 (125±17.4 mm Hg, p=0.009) and the *1/*3 (119±14.1 mm Hg, p=0.0006) genotypes. Other variables tested showed no significant association with the CYP3A5 genotype. We conclude that the CYP3A5 gene may be associated with effects on BP and insulin sensitivity in a race selective manner. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2004) 75, P61–P61; doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2003.11.233
Mycoplasma hominis Pneumonia Complicating Bilateral Lung Transplantation: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Mycoplasma hominis is a commensal of humans. The organism has been predominantly associated with infections of the genitourinary tract. Extragenital infections have been described in neonates, in women during the postpartum period, and in immunocompromised patients. Pneumonia caused by M hominis is very rare. This report describes the development of M hominis pneumonia in a lung transplantation recipient and underscores the difficulty in establishing the correct diagnosis and the need for early and aggressive treatment with appropriate antimicrobial agents to insure a good outcome.
Predictability of mutant sequences. Relationships between mutational mechanisms and mutant specificity.

: Spontaneous mutations are rare and are produced by multiple biochemical mechanisms. Nonetheless, studies of these mechanisms have revealed striking examples in which mutational specificity can be regularly related to a characteristic of the surrounding DNA sequence and/or the enzymes participating in mutagenesis. Thus, to an increasing degree the DNA sequences of mutants are “predictable.” This report considers some examples of predictable sequence changes, evidence for their contribution to mutagenesis in populations, and how the predictability of mutant sequences may be useful to improve our interpretation of the molecular course of evolution from DNA sequence comparisons.
Field evaluation of motorist reactions to reduced work zone speed limits and other work zone conditions

Many factors are taken into consideration in procedures to determine whether a reduced regulatory speed limit in a work zone is warranted. Low levels of compliance with work zone speed limits continue to show, however, that there is a disconnect between procedures to establish regulatory speed limits and motorists' actual choice of speed in work zones. An improved understanding of how the conditions used to justify reduced speed limits in work zones actually affect speeds could improve the speed limit selection process. To address this need, researchers conducted field studies in Texas work zones to determine motorists' speed choices adjacent to conditions that were used to warrant reduced speed limits. On the basis of the findings, researchers concluded the following: when no work zone conditions were apparent, speeds downstream of reduced work zone speed limit signs decreased only slightly, independent of the speed limit reduction. Motorists reduced their speeds in work zones when they perceived a need ...
How Do We React When Our Favorite Characters Are Taken Away? An Examination of a Temporary Parasocial Breakup

This study examined reactions to a temporary parasocial breakup situation during the television writers’ strike of 2007–2008 when many television shows stopped airing new episodes. Past research on parasocial breakups and uses and gratifications theory was used to predict emotional and behavioral reactions. Questionnaire results revealed that participants with stronger parasocial relationships experienced greater distress—even after controlling for the number of favorite programs that went off the air. Moreover, those with greater television affinity reported greater distress when their favorite show was disrupted, although television viewing motives also played a role in this process. Finally, when their favorite shows were no longer airing new episodes, viewers primarily replaced television viewing time with other media exposure rather than increasing nonmedia activities such as social interaction. However, a number of these activities varied by gender.
Effect of dietary lipids on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats

Young (4 week old), female Lewis rats were fed semipurified diets containing 7.5% lipid as either beef tallow or corn oil in one study, or 5% lipid as either olive oil, corn oil or fish oil in a second study. The lipids in these diets were chosen for their differences in fatty acid profiles that can lead to alterations in the types and amount of bioactive eicosanoids produced from them. After 4 weeks of feeding the respective diets, rats were injected with complete Freund's adjuvant to induce inflammation. In the first study corn oil fed rats showed earlier onset of inflammation and significantly greater arthritic index compared to beef fat fed rats. In the second study corn oil and olive oil fed rats had significantly greater arthritic scores than fish oil fed rats. These results suggest that the omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the corn oil and olive oil diets may exacerbate adjuvant-induced arthritis.
A novel pharmacologic activity of ketorolac for therapeutic benefit in ovarian cancer patients.

PURPOSE: We previously identified the R-enantiomer of ketorolac as an inhibitor of the Rho-family GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42. Rac1 and Cdc42 regulate cancer-relevant functions including cytoskeleton remodeling necessary for tumor cell adhesion and migration. This study investigated whether administration of racemic (R,S) ketorolac after ovarian cancer surgery leads to peritoneal distribution of R-ketorolac, target GTPase inhibition in cells retrieved from the peritoneal cavity, and measureable impact on patient outcomes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Eligible patients had suspected advanced stage ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer. Secondary eligibility was met when ovarian cancer was confirmed and optimally debulked, an intraperitoneal port was placed, and there were no contraindications for ketorolac administration. R- and S-ketorolac were measured in serum and peritoneal fluid, and GTPase activity was measured in peritoneal cells. A retrospective study correlated peri-operative ketorolac and ovarian cancer-specific survival in ovarian cancer cases. RESULTS: Elevated expression and activity of Rac1 and Cdc42 was detected in ovarian cancer patient tissues, confirming target relevance. Ketorolac in peritoneal fluids was enriched in the R-enantiomer and peritoneal cell GTPase activity was inhibited after ketorolac administration when R-ketorolac was at peak levels. After adjusting for age, AJCC stage, completion of chemotherapy, and neo-adjuvant therapy, women given peri-operative ketorolac had a lower hazard of death (Hazard Ratio=0.30 [95%CI 0.11-0.88]). CONCLUSION: Ketorolac has a novel pharmacologic activity conferred by the R-enantiomer and R-ketorolac achieves sufficient levels in the peritoneal cavity to inhibit Rac1 and Cdc42, potentially contributing to the observed survival benefit in women who received ketorolac.
The investigation of biomarkers in cardiovascular disease: time for a coordinated, international effort.

This editorial refers to ‘Predictors of the rise in vWF after ST elevation myocardial infarction: implications for treatment strategies and clinical outcome. An ENTIRE-TIMI 23 substudy’† by K.K. Ray et al ., on page 440 Biomarkers may be defined as measurable cells, proteins, and/or metabolic by-products that represent, either directly or indirectly, one or more biological or pathological processes active within a defined system or disease state. In a majority of cases, biomarkers delineate variances from normal biology and either appear for the first time (newly expressed) or, more commonly according to traditional thinking, elevate beyond a normal range in response to one or more stimuli or pathologic events [e.g. cardiac specific troponin in acute myocardial infarction (MI)], rendering a clinical diagnosis; however, biomarkers may themselves participate actively in the subsequent evolution and expression of disease (e.g. C-reactive protein in atherothrombosis). Thus, biomarkers, considered collectively and functionally, serve as diagnostic aids (type I), prognostic indicators (type II) and, perhaps more often than previously realized, fundamental contributors to the pathobiological basis of disease (type III) (types I–III are examples of a biomarker classification or categorization scale). In the article by Ray et al. ,1 von Willebrand factor (vWF) is considered as a biomarker of the type II and III categories.1 The ENTIRE-TIMI 23 Investigators1 evaluated enoxaparin, a … *Corresponding author. E-mail address : becke021{at}mc.duke.edu