cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Used automobile protection and trade: Gravity and ordered probit analysis

There is a great deal of protection against used automobile imports in many countries of the world that has gone largely unnoticed in the trade policy literature. Indeed, there has been no recent attempt to systematically analyze the determinants of used automobile trade and the role of protection in this trade. This paper makes a preliminary attempt, introducing an ordered measure of protection levels in 132 countries. A gravity model of used automobile exports from the United States shows that protection measures against used automobile import have a statistically-significant, suppressive effect on trade flows. An ordered probit analysis of the protection measures themselves points to new automobile production interests as a key factor behind used automobile protection. Other relevant explanatory factors of protection are income levels, democratic regime, transitional status, WTO membership, and income distribution.
Robot aerobics: four easy steps to a more flexible calibration

Presents a method for calibrating intrinsic and extrinsic camera parameters. This algorithm can easily be modified by other users to suit their particular calibration needs, without requiring a high-precision calibration target or complicated linear algebra. The algorithm uses controlled motions and a single light source to simulate calibration targets in convenient 3D locations. These convenient calibration targets enable us to simplify the calibration algorithm and gather dense data for lens distortion. Dense data makes the distortion correction more accurate than traditional low-order polynomial fits, and allows us to calibrate wide-angle lenses (>70/spl deg/ field of view). >
Pathogenesis of lassa fever in cynomolgus macaques

Lassa virus (LASV) infection causes an acute and sometimes fatal hemorrhagic disease in humans and nonhuman primates; however, little is known about the development of Lassa fever. Here, we performed a pilot study to begin to understand the progression of LASV infection in nonhuman primates. Six cynomolgus monkeys were experimentally infected with LASV. Tissues from three animals were examined at an early- to mid-stage of disease and compared with tissues from three animals collected at terminal stages of disease. Dendritic cells were identified as a prominent target of LASV infection in a variety of tissues in all animals at day 7 while Kupffer cells, hepatocytes, adrenal cortical cells, and endothelial cells were more frequently infected with LASV in tissues of terminal animals (days 13.5-17). Meningoencephalitis and neuronal necrosis were noteworthy findings in terminal animals. Evidence of coagulopathy was noted; however, the degree of fibrin deposition in tissues was less prominent than has been reported in other viral hemorrhagic fevers. The sequence of pathogenic events identified in this study begins to shed light on the development of disease processes during Lassa fever and also may provide new targets for rational prophylactic and chemotherapeutic interventions.
Nivolumab for refractory metastatic squamous non-small-cell lung cancer: fulfilling an unmet need

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States and worldwide (1,2). Approximately 85% of cases involve non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), of which 30% will be squamous cell histology. Of those squamous cell lung cancers diagnosed yearly, it is estimated that more than 50% are metastatic at diagnosis. Until recently, the recommended treatment for good performance status patients with metastatic squamous lung cancer consisted of first-line platinum doublet chemotherapy followed, upon disease progression, by second-line single agent chemotherapy (1). Median overall survival from initial diagnosis of metastatic squamous lung cancer in patients who receive first-line platinum doublet chemotherapy ranges from 8-11 months (3,4). Therefore, effective new therapies are desperately needed. Building upon durable objective responses to the anti-programmed death-1 (anti-PD-1) antibody, nivolumab, reported in phase I studies, Rizvi et al. have recently published the results of a singlearm phase II trial of single-agent nivolumab in pretreated metastatic squamous lung cancer (5). In conjunction with headline results from a randomized phase III trial in secondline metastatic squamous lung cancer confirming improved OS for nivolumab compared with docetaxel, these data have led to the FDA approval of nivolumab for the treatment of metastatic squamous lung cancer after prior platinum-based chemotherapy (6).
Halting the 'Slide Down the Sovereignty Slope': Creative Remedies for Tribes Extending Civil Infraction Systems Over Non-Indians

As tribal economies expand to include casinos, resorts, and theme parks, the presence of non-Indian individuals on reservations continues to increase. However, the Supreme Court has placed strong restrictions on the jurisdiction of tribal courts when a non-Indian commits a crime on a reservation. In an effort to keep their communities safe, some tribes are looking to a new, creative remedy to solve this problem of limited jurisdiction. Civil infraction codes classify certain offenses, which would otherwise be criminal, as civil. This switch weaves between the strict jurisdictional limits the Supreme Court has set, and allows tribal courts to prosecute non-Indian offenders under tribal law.This Article details the current jurisdictional problems facing tribal courts and how civil infraction codes can act as a solution to these problems. As detailed through interviews with tribal court officials, the civil infraction codes are an effort to take back tribal sovereignty and ensure that all community members follow the same set of standards — whether they are Indian or non-Indian. Several suggestions are given to ensure that these civil infraction codes are not perceived as loopholes by the non-Indian community, but instead become part of an increasing dialog between tribes, cities, and states to ensure the safety of all individuals within Indian Country.
Review of OnMusic Appreciation, Third Edition

The OnMusic Appreciation webtext provides a rich, interactive, comprehensive and well-integrated text that will engage students.
Impacts of Comprehensive Information Security Programs on Information Security Culture

A large number of security breaches involve internal employee negligence and insider breach. This situation, coupled with the need to comply with regulatory mandates has led to the establishment of...
Photoluminescence Excitation Dependence in Three-dimensional Si/SiGe Nanostructures

We find that in SiGe clusters grown on Si using Stranski-Krastanov (S-K) growth mode, (i) photoluminescence (PL) spectra, (ii) PL lifetime and (iii) PL thermal quench activation energies exhibit strong dependence on the excitation intensity. Under PL excitation intensity increasing from 1 to 104 W/cm2, the PL spectra exhibit blue shift from below Ge bandgap up to ∼970 meV. The PL lifetime shows strong dependence on the excitation wavelength, decreasing from 20 μs at ∼0.8 eV to 200 ns at ∼ 0.9 eV. The process of PL thermal quench has two clearly distinguished activation energies. At low temperature, small (∼15 meV) and excitation-independent activation energy is attributed to exciton thermal dissociation. At higher temperature, excitation-dependent PL thermal quench activation energy (increasing from ∼ 120 to 340 meV as excitation intensity increases) is found, and it is attributed to hole redistribution via tunneling and/or thermal ionization over the Si/SiGe valence band energy barrier.
Interface between Graphene and SrTiO3(001) Investigated by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Photoemission

Graphene, grown by chemical vapor deposition, is transferred onto Nb-doped SrTiO3(001) surface and the interface properties are characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy and photoemission spec...
Causalgia and Other Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophies

Proper diagnosis and therapy are critical in the reflex sympathetic dystrophies and demand a thorough knowledge of clinical manifestations, physiopathology, and treatment. As soon as symptoms appear, specific treatment should be directed toward relief of pain, the most prominent characteristic feature.
Diaqua-bis-[N-(pyridin-4-yl)isonicotin-amide-κN]bis-(thio-cyanato-κN)cobalt(II).

In the title compound, [Co(NCS)2(C11H9N3O)2(H2O)2], the octa­hedrally coordinated CoII ion lies on a crystallographic inversion center and is bound by two isothio­cyanate ligands, two aqua ligands and two N-(pyridin-4-yl)isonicotinamide (4-pina) ligands. The dihedral angle between the aromatic rings in the 4-pina ligand is 8.98 (11)°. In the crystal, the individual mol­ecular units are aggregated in three dimensions by O—H⋯N, O—H⋯S and N—H⋯S hydrogen-bonding pathways.
On Structural Features of the Implication Fragment of Frege’s Grundgesetze

We set out the implication fragment of Frege’s Grundgesetze, clarifying the implication rules and showing that this system extends Absolute Implication, or the implication fragment of Intuitionist logic. We set out a sequent calculus which naturally captures Frege’s implication proofs, and draw particular attention to the Cut-like features of his Hypothetical Syllogism rule.
An Integrated Approach For Medical Decision making

This exploratory paper demonstrates the need for the adoption of newer and more dynamic approaches to the understanding and modeling of the medical diagnostic process. First, the application of artificial intelligence techniques and its limitations are examined. Research in the application of the nonsymbolic paradigm of connectionism and the symbolic paradigm of simulation is next presented. Finally, the integration of artificial intelligence, connectionist, and simulation techniques is suggested for obtaining improved representations of the medical knowledge and efficient implementations of the clinical reasoning strategies.
Creating And Working With Control Charts In Excel

With the growth in distance education offerings, instructors who now teach quantitative material via the web have been faced with many challenges. Foremost has been the need to develop appropriate methods for teaching such material to students who are not physically in the classroom. Methodologies that have traditionally been taught in a highly interactive mode in the classroom must now be presented effectively in a far more asynchronous environment. Tutorials and detailed handouts are one way to accomplish this. We present a written tutorial for creating quality control charts using Excel. The tutorial guides students through the process of creating X-bar and R charts in such a way as to reinforce the theoretical basis of quality control already taught. Students apply their knowledge in hands-on activity, learn how to improve Excel’s default charts to create visually effective control charts, and learn to reuse/recycle their work to easily create additional charts for different sets of problem data.
Suprafascial Harvest of the Radial Forearm Free Flap Decreases the Risk of Postoperative Tendon Exposure.

Objective:To determine if suprafascial harvest of the radial forearm free flap improves postoperative donor site outcomes compared to subfascial harvest.Methods:Retrospective chart review.Results:F...
Overview of mucosal structure and function in teleost fishes

Mucosal immunity in teleost fish begins with the structural and functional dynamics of the primary tissues and cells involved in abrogating or short circuiting host-pathogen interaction, and how these tissues and cells respond to pathogen challenge. Primary tissues in teleost fish that are responsible for mucosal immunity are the gills, integument, and intestinal tract. Each has intimate contact with an aqueous environment that is constant parametric change and within which there can be routine exposure to potential pathogens ranging from microscale (bacteria and viruses) to macroscale (parasites). Historically, much is known about the microanatomic structure of these mucosal tissues, but in recent years our understanding is beginning to define the functions of these tissues. It has become apparent that fish mucosal tissues not only served as an evolutionary precedent and template for mammalian mucosal tissue architecture but that functionality is frequently conserved.
Self-Dealing and the Solution to the Klein Rule of Decision Puzzle

Scholars and courts have struggled to make sense of the Supreme Court’s decision in United States v. Klein, an intriguing but enigmatic opinion concerning the limits of Congress’s ability to interfere with cases pending before the federal courts. Klein is intriguing because its broad and emphatic language suggests significant limits on the power of Congress. Klein is enigmatic because the Court has never again struck down a statute because of Klein or even made clear what principle animates its result. In fact, despite reaffirming the existence of a principle based on Klein, the Court has repeatedly read it narrowly, suggesting that the principle it embodies has not been adequately articulated. This Article argues that Klein’s principle is a specific application of a robust constitutional tradition that restrains governmental self-dealing. A Klein principle restraining governmental self-dealing explains the Court’s Klein cases, situates the principle within constitutional theory and doctrine, and provides much-needed direction to lower courts wrestling with questions about legislative intrusions into judicial functions.
Effects of Local Government Credit Ratings on Utilization of Coproduction for Service Provision

This paper investigates the relationship between credit ratings and a local governments’ decisions to utilize technologically-enabled coproduction (311 systems and service reporting via internet and smartphone applications). We use longitudinal financial data from the Lincoln Land Institutes Fiscally Standardized Cities database as our sample of cities and pair them with information on the implementation of 311 systems. The results of our analysis demonstrate that credit ratings do not predict the likelihood of adopting 311. However, our analysis demonstrates that the duration since 311 was adopted is positively related with credit rating. This suggests that cities with credit higher ratings will have had 311 in place longer than those with lower ratings.
Demo Abstract: Panoptes: A Cheap, Extensible, Open-Source Multi-camera Tracking System

We are developing an extensible, open-source framework that canlocalize and track rigid bodies using a network of cameras (bothRGB and depth). This system is motivated by two design goals - (i)ease of setup, and (ii) ability to be agnostic of individual camerasand recognition algorithms. The goal of this implementation is tobe a poor man’s motion capture system that can be quickly setup for experimentation and provide accurate 3-D pose of the rigidbody and scalable across cameras and the volume of coverage.
The Role of Velocity Distribution in Cold Deuterium-Deuterium Fusion

AbstractReaction rates from recent electrochemical fusion experiments have been found to be as many as seventy orders of magnitude larger than those obtained from simple calculations involving an extrapolated low-energy deuterium-deuterium (D-D) cross section and a sharp velocity distribution. However, if an appropriate Maxwell-Boltzmann velocity distribution is used in place of the conventional sharp (mono-energetic) velocity distribution, the calculated reaction rate increases by as much as fifty to sixty orders of magnitude. Furthermore, the center-of-mass energy at which the D-D cross section is evaluated for given D-D energy is much larger than that used in the conventional calculations due to the higher energy components in the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. Finally, the above results are not significantly affected if a reasonable high-energy cutoff Ec is included in the velocity distribution.
Are all jobs created equal? A cross-national analysis of women's employment and child malnutrition in developing countries

Abstract Using multi-level models, the analysis examines female employment and child stunting across 49 developing countries. At the country level, female labor force participation is not associated with malnutrition after controlling for economic development. At the individual level, a binary measure of employment is not significantly associated with malnutrition. However, a more nuanced measure of seven occupational categories shows that certain types of employment improve malnutrition. Professional, clerical, sales, and domestic jobs are associated with reduced stunting. These effects are only partially mediated by wealth, perhaps suggesting that some jobs may bring benefits to the household beyond the sheer acquisition of tangible resources. Agricultural jobs are associated with increased malnutrition. Manual labor and service work do not have an effect on malnutrition, compared to unemployment. Thus, women's employment is not necessarily a mechanism for empowerment and wellbeing. Not all jobs are created equal, and many of them do not confer the benefits that are typically associated with working outside the home.
Association of Delays in Surgery for Melanoma With Insurance Type.

Importance Timely receipt of treatment for cancer is an important aspect of health care quality. It is unknown how delays of surgery for melanoma vary by insurance type. Objective To analyze factors associated with delays between diagnosis and surgery for melanoma in patients with Medicare, Medicaid, or private insurance. Design, Setting, and Participants Retrospective cohort study of patients who received a diagnosis of melanoma between 2004 and 2011 in North Carolina using data from the North Carolina Cancer Registry linked to administrative claims from Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurance. Inclusion criteria were incident patients with a diagnosis of melanoma stage 0 to III and with continuous insurance enrollment from at least 1 month prior to the month of diagnosis to 12 months after diagnosis of melanoma. Main Outcomes and Measures Surgical delay, defined as definitive surgical excision occurring more than 6 weeks after melanoma diagnosis. Generalized linear models with log link, Poisson distributions, and robust standard errors were used to estimate adjusted risk ratios (RRs) to model risk of delay in definitive surgery. Results A total of 7629 patients were included (4210 [55%] female; mean [SD] age, 64 [15] years), 48% (n = 3631) Medicare, 48% (n = 3667) privately insured, and 4% (n = 331) Medicaid patients. Privately insured patients were least likely to experience a delay in definitive surgery, followed by Medicare and Medicaid patients (519 [14%], 609 [17%], and 79 [24%], respectively; P Conclusion and Relevance Surgical treatment delays were common but were less prevalent in patients diagnosed or surgically treated by a dermatologist. Medicaid patients experienced the most surgical delays. A reduction in delays in melanoma surgery could be achieved through better access to specialty care and cross-disciplinary coordination.
The Three Faces of a Resident’s First Case: A Study in Gender

The treatment career of a depressed female patient is presented by the beginning female resident who did the intake, a male supervisor-therapist and a subsequent female therapist. The comparative impressions offered of the patient’s strengths and weaknesses cast in bold relief the role of gender-based transference and countertransference in psychotherapy and supervision. Intensive case analysis holds promise for illustrating subtle manifestations of sex effects in the psychiatric marketplace.
Chemotherapy of Pediatric Low-Grade Gliomas

Abstract Pediatric low-grade gliomas are a heterogeneous group of central nervous system malignancies. A number of histologic subtypes make up pediatric low-grade gliomas, but all fall into World Health Organization tumor grades I and II. These tumors are treated with surgical resection when feasible; however, anatomic location or involvement of critical structures can preclude resection. In these settings, chemotherapy may be considered. A wide variety of chemotherapy regimens have been employed over the years with many illustrating similar outcomes, and ultimate therapy choices being decided according to anticipated side effects and individual patient needs. In recent years and as we have made strides in identifying the molecular biology of these tumors, therapy options have become more targeted. Targeted agents are most commonly directed at BRAF or mTOR activating mutations within the MAPK and PI3K pathways. This chapter outlines the background of pediatric low-grade gliomas and the chemotherapy options used to treat them.
The Cartesian Cogitos

The problems in ontology and the philosophy of logic on which Karel Lambert works are not new. They date from the very beginnings of Western philosophy. But his work provides original solutions to several of them, and in the process illuminates the history of their development. Much of my own work, in fact, has simply involved applying Lambert’s results to 17th and 18th century texts.
Plastic Deformation of Mg-Doped Fine-Grained Aluminum Oxide

The plastic deformation of fine-grained (1–15μm) aluminum oxide has been studied in detail by Heuer et al.l and Cannon et al.2 The dominant flow mechanism was found to be diffusional creep which occurs as a result of stress-directed diffusional transport between grain boundaries.3–5 For this mechanism, the strain rate, \( {\dot \varepsilon } \) , due to an applied stress, σ, can be expressed as6 $$ \dot \varepsilon = \frac{{14\Omega }}{{kT{d^2}}}[{D_L} + \frac{{\pi w{D_B}}}{d}]\sigma $$ (1) where DL and DB are the lattice and grain-boundary diffusivities, w is the “effective” grain-boundary diffusion width, d is the grain size, Ω is the atomic volume, and kT has its usual meaning. The diffusional term within the brackets of this equation is modified for alumina since both ions must diffuse.7,8 However, the apparent rate controlling nature of aluminum diffusion during creep of fine-grained alumina leads to an expression identical to equation (1) except that the right hand side of the equation is divided by a factor of two.
Lenalidomide Increases Peripheral T-regulatory-Phenotype Cells in Patients with AIDS-associated Kaposi Sarcoma

Kaposi Sarcoma, an angioproliferative vascular tumor, is the most common malignancy in patients with HIV and presents a treatment conundrum because of its variable natural history. Lenalidomide is a drug that has immune-modulatory, anti-neoplastic, and anti-angiogenic properties. It is used in the treatment of myelodysplastic disease and multiple myeloma, but its in vivo effects on peripheral blood immune activity is not fully explored. In this preliminary report from a phase I/II trial of lenalidomide in the treatment of HIV associated Kaposi Sarcoma, we found that lenalidomide increased the number and percentage of T regulatory phenotype cells in the peripheral blood. In patients with measurable regression of Kaposi Sarcoma lesion size as well as number of lesions, there was also an observable accumulation in FOXP3 expressing cells in the Kaposi Sarcoma lesion. These findings enable us to speculate on three novel concepts: 1) lenalidomide increases the frequency of circulating T regulatory phenotype cells, 2) lenalidomide’s anti-angiogenic mechanism may be due to T regulatory cell induction, and 3) in contrast to their role in promoting tumor growth by inhibiting tumor immunosurveillance, T regulatory cells may inhibit angioproliferative tumors therefore act as an effective therapeutic agent for tumors such as Kaposi Sarcoma.
3′-End cDNA Pool Suitable for Differential Display from a Small Number of Cells

We have generated a 3' cDNA pool from the RNA of only 1000 or fewer cells by reverse transcription (RT) from an extended oligo(dT) primer with a 3' degenerate base and a second strand primer with four degenerate 3' bases, followed by PCR. Reproducible differential displays (DD) can be made from this essentially inexhaustible source of DNA. The method produced DD patterns that are comparable but not identical in band number and size distribution with those obtained by the original RT-DD technique. Northern blots performed with the excised bands verified altered gene expressions. The data indicate that this 3'-end cDNA pool can supplement current PCR-based methods of expression genetics. This pool of cDNA sequences also provides a reliable source for primer-specific gene amplifications.
System Identification Approaches for Energy Intake Estimation: Enhancing Interventions for Managing Gestational Weight Gain

Excessive maternal weight gain during pregnancy represents a major public health concern that calls for novel and effective gestational weight management interventions. In Healthy Mom Zone (HMZ), an on-going intervention study, energy intake underreporting has been found to be an important consideration that interferes with accurate weight control assessment, and the effective use of energy balance models in an intervention setting. In this paper, a series of estimation approaches that address measurement noise and measurement losses are developed to better understand the extent of energy intake underreporting. These include back-calculating energy intake from an energy balance model developed for gestational weight gain prediction, a Kalman filtering-based approach to recursively estimate energy intake from intermittent measurements in real-time, and an approach based on semi-physical identification principles which features the capability of adjusting future self-reported energy intake by parameterizing the extent of underreporting. The three approaches are illustrated by evaluating with participant data obtained through the HMZ intervention study, with the results demonstrating the potential of these methods to promote the success of weight control. The pros and cons of the presented approaches are discussed to generate insights for users in future applications.
A two-coordinate Ni(I) silyl complex: CO2 insertion and oxidatively-induced silyl migrations

The synthesis and reactivity of the first open-shell two-coordinate silyl complex, (IPr)Ni–Si(SiMe3)3, (IPr = 1,3-di(2,6-di-iso-propylphenyl)imidazolin-2-ylidene) is reported. Reaction with CO2 results in a novel insertion product that possesses a distorted geometry. Oxidations of the Ni center, with [Cp2Fe][B(C6F5)4] and Ph3CCl, result in migratory rearrangements of the silyl ligand, apparently via related silylene intermediates. The distinct oxidation products are interconverted by reactions that introduce or remove chloride.
Role of intermediate temperature kinetics and radical transport in the prediction of leading edge structure of turbulent lean premixed flames

Abstract The stabilization of turbulent lean premixed flames in a backward-facing step combustor is investigated using large eddy simulations, with a reduced 2-step reaction kinetics mechanism and one of two detailed mechanisms. Although all reaction mechanisms predict similar laminar flame velocities and adiabatic flame temperatures, significant instabilities are observed only when the detailed mechanisms are employed, as supported by experimental observations. The flame structure, location of its leading edge away from the step, and primary recirculation zone are generally in better agreement with the experimental data when using the detailed mechanisms. These observations suggest that key kinetic steps missing in a reduced mechanism may be crucial for modeling the complex interactions between the turbulent flow and chemical reactions in these reacting flows. Indeed, by examining the flame structure in some detail, we find that intermediate temperature chemistry in the recirculation zone region contributes to the flame response and hence the evolution of instabilities downstream. We examine the results obtained using the detailed mechanisms to show that radical transport within the flame anchoring standoff distance play an important role in intermediate temperature reactions, initiated by local mixing of reactants and products. While flamelet like behavior was observed downstream, departure from that structure in the upstream recirculation region where reactants mix with products makes the flames more receptive to large-scale vorticity fluctuations. While global reduced mechanisms reproduce macro targets such as flame speed and temperature, they need not necessarily reproduce the correct flame anchoring location, and the interactions with shear layers.
Modification of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase from Rhodospirillumrubrum with tetranitromethane

Abstract Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase from Rhodospirillum rubrum is inactivated by low concentrations of tetranitromethane. Addition of the substrate ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate and preincubation with Mg+2 and HCO 3 − both protect against inactivation. A spectrum of modified enzyme shows a peak at 430 nm, consistent with modification of tyrosine residues. This modified enzyme contains 1.07 nitrotyrosine residues under conditions where 49% of the activity is lost. These results provide the first evidence for an essential tyrosine residue at the active site of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase.
A Nucleolar PARtnership Expands PARP Roles in RNA Biology and the Clinical Potential of PARP Inhibitors

In this issue of Molecular Cell, Kim et al. (2019) identify small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) as activators of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) synthesis, demonstrating that this snoRNA–PAR partnership promotes cancer cell growth independent of DNA repair pathways.
Brain-IoT based Emotion Recognition System

Emotions are referred to as a natural instinctive state of mind derived from some circumstances or mood. In this research, we investigate the use of a system based on Brain-IoT that identifies negative emotions such as Anger, Fear or Sadness and triggers a video to elicit positive emotions. The experiments were conducted using an EEG Headset, Heart Rate Variability Sensor (HRV), Galvanic Skin Response sensor (GSR), ThingSpeak database, and a Mobile Application. The subject is required to watch a video that induces negative emotions. The EEG data gathered is pre-processed, while the required parameters like Arousal and Valence and computed using MATLAB and transferred to the ThingSpeak Database. When the negative emotions are detected, a video inducing positive emotions is triggered. Overall, the experiment results concluded that a Brain IoT based system that can sense negative emotion and provoke positive emotions can be developed.
Abstract A007: Using latent class modeling to characterize exposome impacts on health disparities

Recent work suggests that air pollutants, toxic chemicals, and other environmental exposures negatively impact health in a synergistic way. We hypothesize that these environmental exposures will vary with socioeconomic status (SES), and urban versus rural location, and contribute to health disparities. In order to measure and understand this phenomenon, we propose a latent class mixture model of multi-pollutant exposures and SES. This builds on our previous development of an SES mixture model, which includes 13 indicators of socioeconomic advantage (eg profession, education) and disadvantage (eg unemployment, single-parent households, etc). Our model identifies levels of joint exposure to three classes of toxic pollutants: volatile organic compounds (VOC), particulate matter (PM) and heavy metals (HM). We use publicly available data from the American Community Survey and the EPA, including the National Air Toxics Assessment (NATA), for the 2,174 census tracts in North Carolina (NC). Model results indicate that mixtures of 2 levels of pollutants, 2 levels of socioeconomic advantage and 2 levels of socioeconomic disadvantage best fit data for NC. We present estimated class-membership for the state of NC, where 34.1% of the census tracts exhibit high disadvantage, 66.3% have low advantage, and 59.2% of census tracts have high mixtures of toxic pollutants. While frequently observed in urban or regional city/suburban areas, our model shows that rural areas are detected at the highest levels of pollution as well. Areas of high advantage are focused on urban/suburban and coastal areas, while disadvantage dominates the eastern half of the state as well as many urban areas. Areas with higher SES disadvantage had significantly higher black population density (p Citation Format: Alexandra Larsen, Viktoria Kolpacoff, Victoria Seewaldt, Terry Hyslop. Using latent class modeling to characterize exposome impacts on health disparities [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr A007.
A Voter's Eye View of Elections, 2008-2016

This paper explores responses from the Survey of the Performance of American Elections (SPAE) from 2008 to 2016, a large nationwide survey of voters following each presidential election, with the aim to summarize the experience of voters at the polls during that period. A background of the SPAE project is given. Substantive topics include (1) reasons for not voting, (2) the quality of the voting experience, (3) voter identification, (4) waiting to vote, and (5) attitudes about reform. In the second on reform, attention is given to beliefs about the prevalence of election fraud, attitudes toward election reform, attitudes toward requiring photo IDs, all-mail voting, and automatic voter registration. The paper is primarily descriptive, but also provides overviews of how the attitudes and experiences described in the SPAE correlated with political and demographic measures that are contained in, or can be merged with, the SPAE data files.
Daratumumab Interference in Flow Cytometry Producing a False Kappa Light Chain Restriction in Plasma Cells.

False kappa light chain restriction on hematogones (normal B-lineage precursors) has been described in patients on the therapeutic anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab. In this article, we present a novel case report of pseudo-kappa light chain restriction on lambda-restricted neoplastic plasma cells in a patient with progressive plasma cell myeloma while on daratumumab. Flow cytometric technologists and pathologists need to be aware of this potential diagnostic pitfall.
VTOS for the PCP—When to Consider the Diagnosis

Venous thoracic outlet syndrome (VTOS) is a rare pathology manifesting as a result of insufficient venous outflow caused by compression, obstruction, or thrombosis of the axillosubclavian vein. The broad spectrum of presentations can make this diagnosis difficult and impact treatment modality. This chapter serves as an introduction and overview of venous thoracic outlet syndrome reviewing the incidence, etiology, diagnostic approach, and treatment recommendations for the primary care physician.
Blinded by the sun: The role of prosumers as niche actors in incumbent firms’ adoption of solar power during sustainability transitions

ABSTRACT While extant research discusses how niche innovations develop in protected market niches and trigger regime shifts along sustainability transition pathways, we know less about the direct role of different niche actors as competitors in affecting regime incumbents’ investments in niche innovations. This study addresses this gap and builds on Strategic Niche Management and the Multi-level Perspective to distinguish two different niche actors: prosumers on the demand-side applying a niche innovation in a disruptive way to regime incumbents’ business model, and new entrants on the supply-side applying the niche innovation symbiotically with the regime. We examine incumbent responses to these different niche actors in different competitive and policy environments. Studying the United States’ electricity industry's sustainability transition toward solar from 2010-2017, we find that as more niche actors enter, regime incumbents are more likely to invest in the niche innovation, but the effect is influenced by policy and competitiveness of the environment. In competitive environments, incumbents are more likely to respond to disruptive niche actors (prosumers), while in traditional monopoly-like markets they are more likely to respond to symbiotic niche actors. We also find that the prosumer effect is stronger when the time that policies in support of the niche innovation have existed is shorter, indicating a potential substituting relationship of niche actors and policy. Our work contributes to the extant literature by demonstrating that the interplay between different niche actors needs to be understood within the context of policy, and that considering policy without accounting for the competitive environment may omit an important aspect of how regime actors become active participants in sustainability transitions.
Female Sex as a Protective Factor in the Effects of Chronic Cannabis Use on Verbal Learning and Memory.

Objective: The variability of findings in studies examining the effects of chronic cannabis use on neuropsychological functioning highlights the importance of examining contributing factors. Few studies examine the role of sex in the relationship between cannabis and neuropsychological functioning, despite known neurobiological structural differences between males and females. This study examined whether males and females experience differential cognitive effects of chronic cannabis use. Method: Chronic cannabis users (3+ days per week for >12 months, n = 110, 72% male) and non-users (n = 71, 39% male) completed a neuropsychological test battery. Two multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVAs) examined for sex differences in performance within users and non-users on neuropsychological tests, controlling for potential confounding variables. Bonferroni corrections were applied to adjust for multiple comparisons. Results: Male and female cannabis users did not differ in cannabis use variables. Female cannabis users performed better than males on multiple subtests of the California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II), a verbal learning and memory test. Male cannabis users performed better than female users on Trial 1 of the CVLT-II (p = .002), and Trail Making Test B (p = .001), which measure attention and cognitive flexibility, respectively. Non-user males and females performed comparably, with the exception of Trail Making Test B (p = .001). Conclusions: Results suggest that chronic cannabis use differentially impacts males and females, with females exhibiting better verbal learning and memory despite males demonstrating better attention and cognitive flexibility. Further research is needed to understand the potential protective mechanism of female sex on learning and memory effects of cannabis use.
Infectious Myelitis

Infections are an uncommon but very important etiology of myelitis as a correct diagnosis would allow for timely treatment and recovery. The term “myelitis” is generally used to describe an inflammatory pathologic process affecting the spinal cord and causing an interruption of the ascending and descending pathways, and, therefore, partial or complete loss of function. The onset may be acute or subacute, and the etiology may be cumbersome to determine. This article will review the most recently published literature regarding the infectious agents causing myelitis with an emphasis on diagnosis and treatment.
Interdisciplinary Perspectives on International Law and International Relations: Institutional Proliferation and the International Legal Order

Since the cataclysm of World War II, the international order has grown increasingly institutionalized. Hundreds of international organizations and tens of thousands of treaties now exist, many with widespread – and in some cases nearly universal – membership. Compared to earlier eras, the international system today is far more densely populated by rules and institutions. This forthcoming chapter explores institutional density, the conflict and competition such density inevitably creates in an anarchical system of states, and the different ways international lawyers and political scientists address these issues. Is a dense international order a significant problem, a welcome development, or a largely superficial phenomenon? Is density an inadvertent outgrowth of intensifying interdependence, or a deliberate strategy? How does density vary – by issue area, over time, and across regions? These questions represent important lines of thinking that are either under way or incipient in the growing literature on institutional density. Part I (“The Rise of Institutional Density”) looks at the empirics of institutional density. Part II (“Density: Two Optics”) surveys the emerging scholarship in law and political science. Part III (“The Debate Over Density”) explores some fundamental questions at the heart of this emerging research field. Part IV concludes.
Reputation in a Networked World: Revisiting the Social Foundations of Defamation Law

It is time again to rethink defamation law. The law we know today saw its origin in feudal times, expanded to serve as a counterweight to the disruption occasioned by the printing press, and was constitutionalized in the low-participation age of broadcast and print mass media. The journalistic institutions that led the fight for constitutional reform are now in decline while online platforms optimized for high participation, such as blogs, social networks, and discussion forums, are in ascendency. In this age of the networked information economy, reputation occupies a very different role in the social order than it did even twenty years ago. Using a recent defamation lawsuit filed by the actor Ron Livingston against a user of Wikipedia as a lens through which to examine defamation law's operation in our increasingly networked society, this Article argues that defamation law suffers from significant doctrinal and practical limitations that preclude it from achieving its goal of protecting reputation. Cognizant of these limitations, it offers some guidelines for reforming defamation law, suggesting that existing monetary remedies should be deemphasized while alternative approaches that seek to correct inaccurate information and provide opportunities for contextualization should be pursued. The Article concludes that we should take as our touchstone that reputation is a societal interest and devise remedies that leverage the power of communities to deal with reputational harm. Although the global communication networks that are the hallmarks of our networked society have brought new reputational challenges, they also provide novel solutions to prevent and ameliorate those harms. One solution is to enlist, through legal and social incentives, the help of online intermediaries such as content hosts and search providers. These intermediaries play a central role in community governance and are often in a position to recognize and respond to reputational harms. By harnessing the power of communities to deter and mitigate reputational harm, we will be better able to balance the protection of reputation with society’s desire to maintain an environment for speech that is conducive to public engagement and vigorous debate.
Cinderella: A Retargetable Environment for Performance Analysis of Real-Time Software

Real-time systems are characterized by the presence of timing constraints that a task must be completed within a given deadline. In this paper, we present a complete environment for determining best-case and worst-case execution time of a program when running on a given hardware. Our analysis technique is unique in that it allows user to annotate complex program path information and at the same time, models cache memory and pipeline accurately. This results in tight estimations even for complicated programs running on modern hardware. The technique has been implemented on a timing analysis tool — cinderella, which provides retargetable back-ends for analyzing programs written in different languages and executed on different hardware. We present some experimental results of using this tool.
Analysis of cycled 1 Ah Li-TiS/sub 2/ cells

The use of rechargeable lithium batteries is presently restricted because of their limited cycle life and safety issues. To understand the causes responsible for these limitations, 1 Ah Li-TiS/sub 2/ cells were tested and studied by nondestructive and destructive methods before and after cycling. The nondestructive methods included microcalorimetry and AC impedance spectroscopy. Cycled cells showed higher heat output after cycling. Cells were disassembled and the components were analyzed for their physical and chemical properties. The following changes were observed in the cell components with cycling: electrolyte consumption, lithium electrode swelling and disintegration, and separator dry out. No significant disintegration or swelling of the cathode was observed with cycling. Lithium dendrites were seen on the anode and cathode separators of the cells that failed due to shorts. The results of these studies indicated that capacity loss observed on cycling is mainly due to electrolyte degradation/consumption. >
Invaluable Experience in a Specialty Clinic During Psychiatry Residency Training: My Cleveland Pride Clinic Experience

This article is a personal account of the author's experiences with a lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning (LGBTQ) specialty care system during his psychiatry residency. The experience of his own resolution of his identity, LGBTQ health education and clinical exposures affected his resolve to provide more competent and respectful mental health care. This work has inspired the author to learn more about LGBTQ health disparities. His goal is to close this gap and achieve better mental health outcomes by disseminating awareness of LGBTQ health needs and recommending adaptations for clinical work with respect to both the self and the patient.
Assessment Of The Economics Curriculum At A College Of Pharmacy

This paper describes the method of assessing the outcomes of students’ training in the Economics of Health Care course at the Albany College of Pharmacy (ACP). The following sections will: (1) describe the course and the various techniques that were used to ensure that the course outcomes were achieved, (2) explore the literature on assessment instruments for economics courses, (3) describe and analyze the assessment tools that were used in the course and the results from these instruments, and finally (4) discuss the different assessment methodologies that were used and their effectiveness and how the Economics of Health Care will be altered in the future to ensure greater comprehension by the students.
Kinetics of Ostwald ripening

Abstract A detailed microscopic equation is derived, governing the size distribution of crystallites in supersaturated solutions. Comparing the results of a numerical analysis of this equation with a similar analysis of the more approximate Lifshitz-Slyozov equation and of its approximate analytic solution yields differences that may be significant. In particular, the concentration profiles are strongly dependent upon the initial particle size distribution.