cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Instructional Design as a Professional Development Tool-of-Choice for Graduate Teaching Assistants

Institutions need effective and efficient methods of professional development for preparing graduate students to teach. These skills are important both for their immediate roles as teaching assistants (TAs) and for their eventual roles in the professoriate. An iterative process model from instructional design can function as a cognitive organizational framework for the development of teaching expertise. It facilitates expertise by supporting TAs in connecting new and existing knowledge about teaching and learning in meaningful ways that reflect the cognitive processes of expert teachers. Thus, it can support both the current and future development of teaching expertise and facilitate the application of knowledge in the form of teaching strategies.
Quasi-static (f<10−2 Hz) frequency response of magnetoelectric composites based magnetic sensor

Abstract In this paper, we present a quasi-static charge amplifier method to detect the extremely low frequency response of Metglas/Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –PbTiO 3 magnetoelectric (ME) laminated composites. Using this technique, ME effect can be detected at f −2 Hz, and ME charge coefficients show good stability over wide frequency range from 10 mHz to 1 kHz. Thus, it allows us to develop a quasi-static magnetic sensor based on ME composites which can work at frequencies as low as 10 mHz, with equivalent magnetic noise floors of about 3 nT/√Hz.
A review of imaging modalities for the hip

Hip arthroscopy is one of the fastest growing surgical procedures performed by orthopaedic surgeons, with the number of hip arthroscopies expected to double in 2013. The increase in surgical prevalence is at least in part due to an increased awareness of prearthritic hip pathology. The diagnoses of prearthritic hip conditions are made through a comprehensive history, physical examination, and selection of appropriate diagnostic imaging modalities. The purpose of this review article is to provide the practicing orthopaedic surgeon with an overview of the imaging modalities available for the diagnosis of prearthritic hip pathology, with a focus on literature supporting advancements in imaging techniques and new applications of existing modalities.
Simulated twin data on substance abuse.

Twin data were simulated for use of a new illegal substance. The twin cohort was “measured” yearly at 10 time intervals during the diffusion of the substance throughout the nation. The models used to generate the data are discussed.
Dynamic neighborhood bounding for Monte Carlo simulation

A general variance reduction technique is presented that allows the incorporation of 'expert knowledge' to speed up some Monte Carlo Simulations. A user supplied bounding function is introduced that is used to reduce the number of sampled vector evaluations, thus potentially leading to a speed up of a Monte Carlo Simulation. We call the technique Dynamic Neighborhood Bounding. A detailed case study is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the ap- proach.
Metal ion- and phosphate-mediated transport of glucose by insulin

Insulin, in the presence of Mg2+ and Pi, can transport D-glucose across a bulk phase separating two aqueous phases. All three molecular species (Mg2+, Pi, D-glucose) are transported simulataneously in 1:1:1 stoichiometry. The same system will transport D-galactose and L-arabinose, but not L-glucose, D-arabinose, D-mannitol, D-fructose and 3-0-methyl glucose. Phloridzin completely suppresses transport, not only of glucose, but also of Mg2+ and Pi. Other divalent metal ions are less efficient (Mg2+ >Mn2+ >Ca2+ >Zn2+). The capability of insulin for transport of D-glucose is not duplicated by proinsulin or glucagon. Amino acids and citric cycle substrates are also transported, some as rapidly as D-glucose. Pi is replaceable by phosphate esters such as AMP, ADP and ATP, less efficiently with Mg2+, but more efficiently with Ca2+ as metal ion. The transport of D-glucose in the systems formed by insulin, Ca2+ and nucleotide is less sensitive to phloridzin than the standard Mg2+, Pi system.
A fragment multipole approach to long-range Coulomb interactions in Hartree-Fock calculations on large systems

An efficient ab initio method for electronic structure calculations on extended molecular systems is presented, along with some illustrative applications. A division of the system into subunits allows the interactions to be separated into short- and long-range contributions, leading to a reduction of the computational effort from the original fourth-power size-dependence to one that is approximately quadratic. The short-range contributions to the Fock matrix are obtained in an essentially conventional fashion, while the long-range interactions are evaluated using a two-center multipole expansion formalism. The number of short-range contributions grows only linearly with the number of subunits, while the long-range contributions grow as N2. Systematic studies of the computational efforts for systems of up to 99 water molecules organized as one-stranded chains, three-stranded chains, and three-dimensional clusters, as well as alkane chains with up to 69 carbon atoms, have been performed. In these model systems, the overall computational effort grows as N(K) where 1 < K < 2.
Sequence comparison of human and murine erythrocyte alpha-spectrin cDNA

The results of hybridization analyses using cDNA probes for mouse and human alpha-spectrin mRNA indicate that a single gene encodes the alpha-subunit of erythrocyte spectrin. Sequencing of the cDNA clones showed that they code for 370 amino acids (aa) covering three repeat domains close to the C terminus of alpha-spectrin. The cloned cDNAs will now permit the isolation of the alpha-spectrin gene and should lead to the characterization of the genetic aspects in human hereditary anemias in which alpha-spectrin has been characterized as the site of the molecular defect.
Durable and regenerable antimicrobial textile materials prepared by a continuous grafting process

A cyclic-amine monomer, 3-allyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (ADMH), was grafted onto various textile materials in a continuous finishing process to prepare durable and regenerable antibacterial textiles. Highly efficient radical grafting polymerizations occurred inside or on the surfaces of fibers with the assistance of different initiators. In the finishing process, particular factors such as types and concentrations of radical initiators, drying, and curing conditions were rather important in effecting the final grafts of ADMH on fabrics and were studied carefully. After exposure to chlorine, the grafted hydantoin structures in the samples could be transformed into N-halamines, which provided powerful, durable, and regenerable antibacterial activities. The influence of hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties of the fabrics on the antibacterial activities was discussed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 1592–1599, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10456
Symbolic stratigraphy: Rock art and the monolithic statues of Easter Island

Abstract Recent field work on Easter Island, East Polynesia, has collected new data on monolithic statue sites, rock art design motifs and the ideological significance of their temporal and spatial relationships. This paper details what is currently known about the re‐use of statue sites post A.D. 1500, and describes the occurrence of rock art on statue, ceremonial architecture (ahu) and quarry sites. In particular, it is postulated that the superimposition of a limited range of design motifs ('boat’ forms) on the red scoria of statues and ahu constitute an ideologically significant site re‐use which links statue cult practices with subsequent birdman cult ideology.
P38 MAP kinase is activated at early stages in Alzheimer’s disease brain

The regional, cellular, and subcellular localization of phosphorylated p38 MAPK (pp38) was examined by immunocytochemistry, immuofluorescent multiple labeling, and immunoblotting of extracts as well as immunoprecipitates of human postmortem tissue from control and Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases at different Braak stages. "Early AD" cases (Braak stages IV-V) and a subset of Braak stage VI cases have high levels of pp38 immunoreactivity, with the most dense immunoreactivity located in CA2 and subiculum followed by CA1 in the hippocampus. On the contrary, very little pp38 was detected in age-matched controls (Braak stages 0-II). More importantly, as revealed by various multiple labeling experiments, pp38 immunoreactivity is mainly located in neurons bearing early neurofibrillary pathology, but not in typically fibrillar tangles that are densely stained by thioflavin-S. Most pp38-positive neurons only contain a small amount of phospho-tau. Additionally, pp38 immunoreactivity was not associated with senile plaques. At the subcellular level, pp38-immunoreactive granules are usually larger than the granules stained with the lysosomal marker cathepsin D. Immunoblotting with different extraction buffers and immunoprecipitation indicate that pp38 does not or only loosely binds to phospho-tau. Taken together, this study demonstrates that p38 MAPK is activated at early stages of neurofibrillary degeneration in AD hippocampus. The p38 activation may also be linked to neurodegeneration through mechanisms other than neurofibrillary tangle formation.
tRNA-rRNA sequence homologies: evidence for an ancient modular format shared by tRNAs and rRNAs

Homologies between tRNAs and rRNAs are identified in searches using various combinations of Escherichia coli, yeast, Halobacterium volcanii and bovine mitochondrial sequences. As in previously reported comparisons, the homologies are too frequent and long to be attributed to coincidence, and similar frequencies from inter- and intraspecies comparisons preclude evolutionary convergence as an explanation. In contrast to the earlier studies, patterns in the positioning of the homologies are now described. Graphing the positions of the homologies along orthogonal axes that represent numbers of bases in tRNA and rRNA shows recurring patterns in the alignments. Preferred spacings of integral multiples of 9 bases are found, suggesting a periodicity in the ancestral structure from which the tRNAs and rRNAs were derived. The periodicity also suggests persistence of a modular format in both classes of molecules that survived changes in sequence that occured during evolution. A model is proposed for the generation of the ancestral molecule and the early evolution of the coding mechanism. Elongation by self-priming and self-templating gave a hairpin with a 9 base stem. Two additional cycles gave a 70–80 base tRNA-like structure. Additional cycles yielded a tandem repeat of this unit, roughly equivalent in size to the combined rRNAs of prokaryotes. The larger RNA would contain the information and materials for generating the smaller RNAs. It is proposed that multiple recombination among such molecules gave composite structures, presumed progenitors of today's t- and rRNAs. The distribution of the conserved domains among today's species argues for the existence of the ancestral molecule prior to divergence of lines leading to the various kingdoms. Their presence in the different nucleic acids suggests the existence of a nucleic acid with multiple functions prior to partitioning of these functions among the nucleic acids that exist today. The occurrence of overlaps, overlays and consensus alignments among the homologies provides the means for identifying contiguous and neighboring conserved regions and holds promise for the reconstruction of the sequence of an ancestral molecule.
Influence of dentinal adhesives and a prefabricated post on fracture resistance of silver amalgam cores

Abstract Purpose. Failures of silver amalgam cores for endodontically treated teeth have been attributed to the use of posts. The use of adhesive agents has been reported to improve the strength of silver amalgam restorations. The purpose of this study was to test the effects of two adhesive agents on the fracture resistance of silver amalgam cores with and without a post. Material and Methods. Sixty mandibular molars were restored with the use of silver amalgam, with or without one of the adhesive agents and/or a tapered prefabricated post. A universal testing machine, with a constant load rate of 0.5 mm/minute, was used to determine the force in kilograms at failure. Results. The use of either adhesive agent with silver amalgam significantly increased the force at failure, and neither adhesive agent was significantly better than the other. Silver amalgam with a post and without an adhesive agent had the least resistance to fracture. Conclusions. The results indicated that endodontically treated mandibular molars restored with silver amalgam are more resistant to fracture when an adhesive agent is used. (J Prosthet Dent 1997;77:17-22.)
Discounting environmental health risks: New evidence and policy implications

Abstract When environmental policy benefits accrue over a long time horizon, the valuation problem becomes more complex. Some analysts support the use of financial market interest rates for discounting deferred health benefits, while others argue against discounting altogether. We address the discounting issue by estimating implicit discount rates for deferred health benefits exhibited by workers in their choice of job risk. Wage responses to variation in life years at risk provide direct estimates of the discount rate that workers apply to their future utility. The estimated real discount rate equals approximately 2%, consistent with financial market rates for the period.
LDL receptor-related protein internalizes and degrades uPA-PAI-1 complexes and is essential for embryo implantation.

Abstract The low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) is a large multifunctional clearance receptor that has been implicated in the hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants and in the removal of protease-inhibitor complexes from the circulation and from the extracellular space. Disruption of the LRP gene in mice blocks development of LRP −/− embryos around the implantation stage. The expression pattern of LRP in the postimplantation stage embryo is identical to that of urokinase, a plasminogen activator that confers invasive properties to migrating cells. We demonstrate that LRP mediates uptake and degradation of urokinase-type plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 complexes and propose that the inability of the giant cells to remove the inactive protease complexes from their surfaces interferes with implantation of the embryo.
The role of interference in memory span

In two experiments, we investigated the possibility that susceptibility to proactive interference (PI) affects performance on memory span measures. We tested both younger and older adults (older adults were tested because of the suggestion that they are differentially susceptible to PI). We used two different span measures and manipulated testing procedures to reduce PI for these tasks. For older adults, span estimates increased with each PI-reducing manipulation; for younger adults, scores increased when multiple PI manipulations were combined or when PI-reducing manipulations were used in paradigms in which within-task PI was especially high. The findings suggest that PI critically influences span performance. We consider the possibility that interference-proneness may influence cognitive behaviors previously thought to be governed by capacity.
Why Families Decline Donation: The Perspective of Organ Procurement Coordinators:

Context—Current knowledge regarding the barriers to organ donation relies on 3 data sources: potential donor families, hospital staff, and members of the general public. The current study complements these findings by interviewing organ procurement coordinators about their experiences during the familial consent process.Objective—To characterize organ procurement coordinators' reports of barriers to obtaining familial consent for donation.Design—Structured, face-to-face interviews.Participants—One hundred and two organ procurement coordinators recruited from a national sample of 16 organ procurement organizations.Main Outcome Measure—Interviews were content analyzed to describe coordinators' experiences with families who decline donation. Manifest coding was used to determine the frequency with which particular barriers were identified by coordinators. Coordinators' reports of barriers were compared with organizational conversion rates to determine which barriers were associated with performance as an org...
LA FRONTERA COMO ARGUMENTO Y ARTICULACIÓN TEÓRICA EN LA CULTURA Y LA LITERATURA ARGENTINA

La cultura del continente se ha construido historicamente de espaldas a la frontera, como si darle la espalda fuese suficiente para eludir su existencia. Todos sabemos bien que el rechazo, la voluntad de olvido, la ignorancia como defensa, son, en el fondo, pobres mecanismos que ni borran, ni extinguen. El olvido vuelve sobres sus pasos con la constancia de la herida que supura y el clamor de los muertos. La cultura hispanoamericana, en general, y en particular la argentina, no ha sabido sacar partido de la energia creativa de la frontera. Es mas, ha desperdiciado algunas de sus mas preciosas energias en el afan de transformarla, despojandola en el proceso de sus potenciales mas significativos. Ello es obvio desde que las primeras decadas de la colonia. Los europeos, y en particular los espanoles, proyectaron sobre la geografia americana modelos surgidos del imaginario medieval, que poco tenian que ver con la realidad circundante. Grupos sociales, culturas y etnias fueron agrupados en un comun denominador como si la extraordinaria riqueza cultural y linguistica del continente pudiera meterse en un saco roto con el rotulo “salvajes” o “infieles”. Las muchas expediciones al interior en la vasta geografia, desde el cabo de Hornos hasta Nuevo Mexico, cruzaron las multiples fronteras fisicas y culturales por las que atravesaron, sin inventariarlas. Esta fue la norma hasta el siglo XVIII cuando la energia cientifica de la ilustracion envio a nuevos viajeros con el fin de catalogar y en el proceso re-inventar el continente. La independencia creo unas fronteras en muchos casos ficticias respondiendo a las divisiones de virreinatos, audiencias y capitanias generales establecidas durante la colonia. En muchos casos estas nuevas fronteras se establecieron en los mapas ajenas a las fronteras pre– existentes y por lo tanto, ignorantes de sus caracteristicas y dinamismos. En realidad, el continente americano puede ser considerado hasta principios del siglo XX, y en muchos casos lo sigue siendo, una gran frontera en constante
An Aquifer Test Used to Investigate a Quality of Water Anomalya

An aquifer test and analyses of water samples, showed that the anomalous water quality of a municipal well was caused by leakage from a nearby abandoned well tapping another aquifer.
Functional role of the cytoplasmic domain of the integrin alpha 5 subunit

The purpose of this study was to explore the functional role of the cytoplasmic domain of the alpha subunit of the alpha 5/beta 1 integrin, a fibronectin receptor. Mutant CHO cells that express very low levels of endogenous hamster alpha 5 subunit (CHO clone B2) were transfected with an expression vector containing full-length or truncated human alpha 5 cDNAs to form chimeric human alpha 5/hamster beta 1 integrins. Three transfectants were examined: B2a27 expresses a full-length human alpha 5 subunit with 27 amino acids in the cytoplasmic domain; B2a10 expresses an alpha 5 with a 17-amino acid cytoplasmic truncation; B2a1 expresses an alpha 5 with a 26-amino acid truncation. Levels of alpha 5/beta 1 surface expression in B2a27 and B2a10 cells were similar to that in wild type CHO cells. The expression of alpha 5/beta 1 in B2a1 cells was less, amounting to 15-20% of WT levels, despite message levels that were three to five times greater than those of B2a27. The transfectants were used to examine the role of the alpha 5 cytoplasmic domain in cell adhesion, cell motility, cytoskeletal organization, and integrin-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation. The adhesion characteristics of B2a27 and B2a10 cells on fibronectin substrata were similar to each other and to wild type CHO cells. B2a1 cells displayed slight reductions in the strength and rate of adhesion to fibronectin. Cell motility in the presence of fibronectin was similar for B2a27, B2a10, and wild type CHO cells, while the B2a1 cells were substantially less motile. Comparable degrees of cell spreading and extensive organization of actin filaments were observed for B2a27, B2a10, and wild type CHO cells on fibronectin substrata. The B2a1 cells spread to a lesser degree, and some organization of actin was observed; the untransfected B2 cells remained round on fibronectin substrata and showed no actin reorganization. Since the reduced motility and cell spreading observed in the B2a1 cells might be due either to reduced surface expression of alpha 5/beta 1 or to the truncation in the alpha 5 cytoplasmic domain, we used flow cytometric cell sorting to select populations of B2a1 and B2a27 cells expressing similar levels of cell surface alpha 5. The deficits in spreading and motility were present in B2a1 cells expressing high levels of alpha 5. Thus the region of the alpha 5 cytoplasmic domain adjacent to the membrane seems to play an important role in cytoskeletal organization and cell motility. We also examined whether alpha subunit truncation would affect integrin-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Nuclear magnetic resonance line shape study in metallic powders in presence of axially symmetric anisotropic knight shift

Abstract The absorption and dispersion line shapes in a powder sample of a metal displaying axially symmetric anisotropic Knight Shift have been studied. An unambiguous way to derive from the experimental data precise values for K ax , K iso and the width and shape of the zero-field symmetric broadening is presented and applied to the cases of tin and cadmium metals for different temperatures. Even a small temperature dependence of the different parameters can be detected, and the usefulness of such measurements to obtain information on the band structure of non-cubic metals is discussed.
Splicing hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers to step-index fibers using an arc fusion splicer

A method for splicing hollow-core photonic bandgap fiber to step-index fiber using a commercial arc fusion splicer has been developed. These splices compare favorably with commercially available splices for nonlinear optical interactions with gases.
Craving among long-abstinent smokers: An Internet survey

Introduction This survey estimated the prevalence and correlates of craving among long-abstinent smokers. Methods We surveyed 403 former smokers (abstinent 1-10 years) via an Internet consumer sample (www.zoomerang.com). Results Although the majority (59%) of former smokers reported a desire to smoke in the last year, this desire appeared to be clinically significant in only 11%. Those with significant prolonged craving were more nicotine dependent and appeared to have more mental health problems but did differ from other former smokers on demographics or family history of smoking. Discussion A minority of smokers appears to continue to struggle with cravings long after cessation. Replications in larger more generalizable surveys are needed. In addition, whether prolonged craving indicates risk for relapse needs to be determined.
Construction and Implementation of NMR Quantum Logic Gates for Two Spin Systems

The implementation of small prototype quantum computers has been studied through ensemble quantum computing via NMR measurements. In such laboratory studies it is convenient to have access to a wide array of logic gates. Here a systematic approach to reduce the logic gate to an NMR pulse sequence is introduced. This approach views the truth table for a quantum logic operation as a permutation matrix that corresponds to a propagator for an NMR transition. This propagator is then used as the starting point for the derivation of a pulse sequence. Pulse sequences for all the permutations of a four level system are reported along with implementations of representative examples on a two spin-1/2 system, 13C-labeled chloroform.
Interest and Perceptions of Student-Run Health Clinics: A Survey at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Medical students are interested in maximizing clinical experiences during preclinical years; we report an exploratory survey of student and faculty interest in a student-run health clinic (SHC) at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU). Methods: We distributed via e-mail a questionnaire to explore student and faculty opinions regarding the role of a SHC at the USU. Results: Nearly half of the students (310/669; 46%) and one in five faculty members (78/427; 18%) responded. 227 students stated the USU should have a SHC and 247 students were willing to commit time to a SHC on a weekly or monthly basis. The majority of participants believe work in a SHC would benefit various clinical attributes representative of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education residency accreditation requirements. However, most participants believe work in a SHC would benefit only students pursuing careers in primary care whereas having less benefit to surgical careers. Co...
Efficiently Implementing Episodic Memory

Endowing an intelligent agent with an episodic memory affords it a multitude of cognitive capabilities. However, providing efficient storage and retrieval in a task-independent episodic memory presents considerable theoretical and practical challenges. We characterize the computational issues bounding an episodic memory. We explore whether even with intractable asymptotic growth, it is possible to develop efficient algorithms and data structures for episodic memory systems that are practical for real-world tasks. We present and evaluate formal and empirical results using Soar-EpMem: a task-independent integration of episodic memory with Soar 9, providing a baseline for graph-based, task-independent episodic memory systems.
RAPID SCREENING OF GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS USING BUCCAL CELL DNA WITH DETECTION BY MATRIX-ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY

A new approach is developed for the rapid and cost-effective detection of human genetic polymorphisms based on matrix-assisted laser description/ionization mass spectrometric (MALDI MS) detection using a nitrocellulose film substrate. This method employs polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using DNA extracted from buccal cells as templates, followed by direct digestion with restriction enzymes and subsequent analysis by MALDI MS. The extraction of DNA from buccal cells provides a rapid and convenient means for sampling PCR-based diagnostic analysis. The amount of DNA was sufficient as the template for both normal PCR amplifications, and amplifications involving the use of mismatched primers and multiple primers. The MALDI MS methodology has been successfully used for the analysis of such PCR products where restriction fragments generated directly in PCR reactions have been used for detection of carbonic anhydrase and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator as model genes. The detection of genetic polymorphisms following routine biological and clinical procedures with the MALDI MS method is demonstrated. The results from MALDI MS analysis are shown to be comparable to those obtained from gel electrophoresis but the MALDI MS method is several orders of magnitude faster than gel electrophoretic techniques. The method described herein should also be readily extended to other areas involving DNA screening and testing.
OCDIMM: Scaling the DRAM Memory Wall Using WDM Based Optical Interconnects

We present OCDIMM (optically connected DIMM), a CPU-DRAM interface that takes advantage of multiwavelength optical interconnects. We show that OCDIMM has at least three key benefits when compared to alternatives such as FBDIMM (fully buffered DIMM), which is used in products from Sun (U. Nawathe et al., 2008) and Intel. First, replacing the multi-hop store-and-forward network in the FBDIMM architecture by a WDM (wavelength-division multiplexing) based optical interconnect results in significantly lower latency (up to 50% reduction in some configurations). Second, it is scalable to much higher capacities (such as 32 DIMMs per channel) with only a modest degradation in latency. Third, due to the higher data rate of an optical interface and the concurrency offered by multiple wavelengths, OCDIMM offers up to a 90% improvement in memory bandwidth. Most importantly, these benefits can be obtained using off-the-shelf DRAM devices, by making simple modifications to the DIMM circuit board and the memory controller.
Macroscopic transport properties of a sheared suspension

Abstract The present paper is concerned with recent theoretical developments and a state-of-the-art summary of the framework for prediction of macroscopic transport properties of a sheared suspension. Included is (a) a derivation of the fundamental equation relating bulk conductive heat flux to microscale thermal properties of the suspension; (b) a discussion of the method of evaluation of this expression; (c) a theoretical framework based on the concept of hydrodynamic fluctuations for the inclusion of Brownian motion effects; and finally (d) specific evaluation of the effective thermal conductivity for a dilute suspension of drops in the limit of small local Peclet number, for a dilute suspension of rigid spheres in the large Peclet number limit, and for a dilute suspension of rigid spheroids in the limit of small Peclet number but including Brownian motion.
A Qualitative Investigation of Depression in Men

This study employed grounded theory methodology to analyze men’s’ descriptions of their experiences of depression. The sample included 15 male participants between the ages of 24 and 75. After completing a brief screening process, participants attended an interview lasting between 45 and 90 minutes. Eight participants attended follow-up interviews lasting between 15 and 45 minutes. Interview questions were developed by a six-member research team and were designed to elucidate the participants’ signs and symptoms of depression, their help-seeking processes, and their experiences with treatment and recovery. Results yielded 10 primary themes that captured the distinct ways the men identified, experienced, and managed their depression. A model for men’s experiences of depression was developed. The results of this study are discussed in the context of existing research on depression in men. Recommendations for future research on men’s depression, as well as suggestions for clinical practice with men are also presented.
bibliography of liquid cooled heat sinks for thermal enhancement of electronic packages

A bibliography of 847 publications dealing with air cooled heat sinks for thermal enhancement of electronic packages is presented. The bibliography also includes papers dealing with design and performance analysis of heat sinks, extended surfaces and adhesives for bonding heat sinks. The papers are classified in several categories.
Radiation pattern of crustal phases of New England earthquakes

SUMMARY The amplitudes of Pn-waves from New England earthquakes recorded by a regional, short-period seismic network have been studied to determine the effects of the double-couple source radiation pattern. Both observed and synthetic seismograms show that Pn amplitudes change dramatically with source-to-receiver azimuth. These changes are primarily due to the take-off angles of the seismic rays relative to the nodal planes of the focal mechanism solution. The recordings of a seismic refraction blast show no appreciable change of amplitude with azimuth. The focal mechanism solutions found from inverting the Pn amplitudes of several well-recorded earthquakes are consistent with those obtained from the first-motion readings. This study has demonstrated that it is possible to calculate focal mechanisms of earthquakes using the polarities and amplitudes of Pn-waves recorded at a small number of azimuthally distributed local stations.
Assessing race and ethnicity data quality across cancer registries and EMRs in two hospitals

Background Measurement of patient race/ethnicity in electronic health records is mandated and important for tracking health disparities. Objective Characterize the quality of race/ethnicity data collection efforts. Methods For all cancer patients diagnosed (2007–2010) at two hospitals, we extracted demographic data from five sources: 1) a university hospital cancer registry, 2) a university electronic medical record (EMR), 3) a community hospital cancer registry, 4) a community EMR, and 5) a joint clinical research registry. The patients whose data we examined ( N = 17 834) contributed 41 025 entries (range: 2–5 per patient across sources), and the source comparisons generated 1–10 unique pairs per patient. We used generalized estimating equations, chi-squares tests, and kappas estimates to assess data availability and agreement. Results Compared to sex and insurance status, race/ethnicity information was significantly less likely to be available (χ2 > 8043, P 10 589, P < .001). The university EMR had a high prevalence of “Unknown” values. Aggregate kappa estimates across the sources was 0.45 (95% confidence interval, 0.45–0.45; N = 31 276 unique pairs), but improved in sensitivity analyses that excluded the university EMR source (κ = 0.89). Race/ethnicity data were in complete agreement for only 6988 patients (39.2%). Pairs with a “Black” data value in one of the sources had the highest agreement (95.3%), whereas pairs with an “Other” value exhibited the lowest agreement across sources (11.1%). Discussion Our findings suggest that high-quality race/ethnicity data are attainable. Many of the “errors” in race/ethnicity data are caused by missing or “Unknown” data values. Conclusions To facilitate transparent reporting of healthcare delivery outcomes by race/ethnicity, healthcare systems need to monitor and enforce race/ethnicity data collection standards.
Oxidative Balance Score and Chronic Kidney Disease

Background: The oxidative balance score (OBS) is a composite estimate of the overall pro- and antioxidant exposure status in an individual. The aim of this study was to determine the association between OBS and renal disease. Methods: Using the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke cohort study, OBS was calculated by combining 13 a priori-defined pro- and antioxidant factors by using baseline dietary and lifestyle assessment. OBS was divided into quartiles (Q1-Q4) with the lowest quartile, Q1 (predominance of pro-oxidants), as the reference. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted ORs for albuminuria defined as urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) >30 mg/g, macroalbuminuria defined as ACR >300 mg/g and chronic kidney disease (CKD) defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate 2 according to the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration and hazards ratios for end-stage renal disease (ESRD), respectively. Results: Of the 19,461 participants analyzed, 12.9% had albuminuria and 10.1% had CKD at baseline; over a median follow-up of 3.5 years (range 2.14-4.32 years), 0.46% developed ESRD. Higher OBS quartiles were associated with lower prevalence of CKD (OR vs. Q1: Q2 = 0.93 [95% CI 0.80-1.08]; Q3 = 0.90 [95% CI 0.77-1.04] and Q4 = 0.79 [95% CI 0.67-0.92], p for trend Conclusions: These findings suggest that higher OBS is associated with lower prevalence of CKD. Lack of association with ESRD incidence in the multivariable analyses indicates that temporal relation between OBS and renal damage remains unclear.
Influence of Variable Inlet Jet Velocity on Failure Modes of a Floc Blanket in a Water Treatment Process Train

Abstract Improving designs of facilities that employ floc blankets in a water treatment process train to ensure stable performance is desirable, as is an understanding of suitable operating conditions to maintain a functional floc blanket in the system. By considering sequential processes when choosing design parameters, the whole system can be optimized to produce high quality effluent at low cost. A lab scale water treatment system with flocculator, floc blanket, and lamellar sedimentation was used to evaluate the effect of energy dissipation rates (EDR) in the inlet jet to the floc blanket on performance of the system as a whole. Results show that presence of a floc blanket provided an additional factor of 8 decrease in settled water suspended solids concentration at an upflow velocity 1.2 mm/s. Inlet jet EDR did not impact system performance until ∼300 mW/kg after which settled water turbidity increased. At the lower end of inlet jet EDR tested, the jet was unable to resuspend settled flocs. Given tha...
DID A CATASTROPHIC LAKE SPILLOVER INTEGRATE THE LATE MIOCENE EARLY PLIOCENE COLORADO RIVER AND THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA?: MICROFAUNAL AND STABLE ISOTOPE EVIDENCE FROM BLYTHE BASIN, CALIFORNIA-ARIZONA, USA

Abstract The southern Bouse Formation (late Miocene–early Pliocene) in Blythe basin, CA-AZ, contains a controversial record of the events that preceded the integration of the developing Colorado River with the Gulf of California. High resolution microfaunal and stable isotope (δ18O, δ13C; VPDB) data from a key outcrop of marl and claystone record an abrupt change in water chemistry that we interpret to be the result of a catastrophic sill breach. Basal marl contains a mix of brackish-water ostracodes and marine foraminifers. Ostracode δ18O values are slightly negative and 6‰ higher than the host sediment carbonate precipitated in the upper water column, indicating isotopically stratified hydrologic conditions during deposition. Freshwater ostracodes abruptly appear in the overlying sediments in association with marine foraminifers, in conjunction with an abrupt change in the isotopic composition of ostracode and host sediment carbonate. The δ18O values from brackish and freshwater ostracodes and the host ...
FIRE, FOLIAGE AND FURY: VESTIGES OF MIDSUMMER RITUAL IN MOTETS FOR JOHN THE BAPTIST

The thirteenth-century motet repertory has been understood on a wide spectrum, with recent scholarship amplifying the relationship between the liturgical tenors and the commentary in the upper voices. This study examines a family of motets based on the tenors IOHANNE and MULIERUM from the feast of the Nativity of John the Baptist (24 June). Several texts within this motet family make references to well-known traditions associated with the pagan festival of Midsummer, the celebration of the summer solstice. Allusions to popular solstitial practices including the lighting of bonfires and the public criticism of authority, in addition to the cultural awareness of the sun's power on this day, conspicuously surface in these motets, particularly when viewed through the lens of the tenor. The study suggests the further obfuscation of sacred and secular poles in the motet through attentiveness to images of popular, pre-Christian rituals that survive in these polyphonic works.
Anti-GAD antibody syndrome with concomitant cerebellar ataxia, stiff person syndrome, and limbic encephalitis

A 42-year-old man initially presented at age 38 with progressive vertigo, leg stiffness, dysarthria, diplopia, and ataxia. Lumbar puncture revealed 1 red blood cell and 9 nucleated cells (96% lymphocytes) with normal protein and glucose. Anti–glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody testing was strongly positive at 1,050 nmol/mL (November 2009 by immunoprecipitation assay, Mayo Clinic, reference range (RR) ≤ 0.02 nmol/mL). MRI brain was unremarkable. He was diagnosed with stiff person syndrome (SPS), autoimmune cerebellar ataxia (CA), type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1), and Hashimoto thyroiditis. He was treated with high-dose methylprednisolone for 3 days, IV immunoglobulin (IVIg) 2 g/kg divided over 2 days, and monthly IVIg for 3 months, with persistently high anti-GAD antibody level after treatment (1,070 nmol/mL in February 2010).
The National Veneral Disease Problem

The regularly rising incidence since 1919 of both syphilis and gonorrhea has ranked gonorrhea as one of the most prevalent of all diseases. In fiscal year 1971 624371 cases of gonorrhea 23336 cases of infectious syphilis and 71047 cases of noninfectious syphilis were reported in the U.S. Compared to reported cases in 1970 these figures represent increases of 8.9% 15.6% and 4.5% respectively. In addition to reported cases there are indications that over 2 million cases of gonorrhea and 80000 of syphilis actually occurred in 1971 and that there are presently over 1 million undetected untreated or inadequately treated cases of V. D. among both sexes. Distribution of the diseases is similar despite the greater frequency of gonorrhea cases. The ratio of males to females in infectious syphilis of 2:1 while it is nearly 3:1 in gonorrhea. 95% of syphilis patients and 98% of gonorrhea patients acquire the disease between the ages of 15 and 50 with higher incidence of occurrence in nonwhites. The diseases are also concentrated within specific demographic regions. The chief problem in controlling the disease is the lack of intensive application of existing methods. Because the duration of gonorrhea is longer in women than in men the infected reservoir is larger than the infected male reservoir thus indicating the need for more efficient means of gonorrhea detection in women. Although the culture for gonorrhea is an effective diagnostic test its usefulnes is limited to women receiving pelvic examinations. To obtain high rates of cure the most frequently recommended drug for treatment of these diseases is injectable penicillin in large doses. With proper education in schools proper staffing in venereal disease programming and less costly screening tests the control of VD specifically of gonorrhea although difficult can be achieved.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe Vps34p, a phosphatidylinositol-specific PI 3-kinase essential for normal cell growth and vacuole morphology

We have cloned the gene, vps34+, from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe which encodes an 801 amino acid protein with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity. The S. pombe Vps34 protein shares 43% amino acid sequence identity with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vps34 protein and 28% identity with the p110 catalytic subunit of the mammalian phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. When the vps34+ gene is disrupted, S.pombe strains are temperature-sensitive for growth and the mutant cells contain enlarged vacuoles. Furthermore, while wild-type strains exhibit substantial levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity, this activity is not detected in the vps34 delta strain. S.pombe Vps34p-specific antiserum detects a single protein in cells of -90 kDa that fractionates almost exclusively with the crude membrane fraction. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity also is localized mainly in the membrane fraction of wild-type cells. Immunoisolated Vps34p specifically phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol on the D-3 position of the inositol ring to yield phosphatidylinositol(3)phosphate. but does not utilize phosphatidylinositol(4)phosphate or phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate as substrates. In addition, when compared to the mammalian p110 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, S. pombe Vps34p is relatively insensitive to the inhibitors wortmannin and LY294002. Together, these results indicate that S. pombe Vps34 is more similar to the phosphatidylinositol-specific 3-kinase, Vps34p from S. cerevisiae, and is distinct from the p110/p85 and G protein-coupled phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases from mammalian cells. These data are discussed in relation to the possible role of Vps34p in vesicle-mediated protein sorting to the S. pombe vacuole.
The Physical Strength and Its Training Methods for Volleyball Players

Strength quality is one of the key factors to determine the achievements.It is the basic element to master skills and make great achievements that the Volleyballman own strength quality.The training methods of strength quality have comparatively strong direction and the understanding and mastering of it are very important.
Microfluidics meets metabolomics to reveal the impact of Campylobacter jejuni infection on biochemical pathways

Microfluidic devices that are currently being used in pharmaceutical research also have a significant potential for utilization in investigating exposure to infectious agents. We have established a microfluidic device cultured with Caco-2 cells, and utilized metabolomics to investigate the biochemical responses to the bacterial pathogen Campylobacter jejuni. In the microfluidic devices, Caco-2 cells polarize at day 5, are uniform, have defined brush borders and tight junctions, and form a mucus layer. Metabolomics analysis of cell culture media collected from both Caco-2 cell culture systems demonstrated a more metabolic homogenous biochemical profile in the media collected from microfluidic devices, compared with media collected from transwells. GeneGo pathway mapping indicated that aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis was perturbed by fluid flow, suggesting that fluid dynamics and shear stress impacts the cells translational quality control. Both microfluidic device and transwell culturing systems were used to investigate the impact of Campylobacter jejuni infection on biochemical processes. Caco-2 cells cultured in either system were infected at day 5 with C. jejuni 81-176 for 48 h. Metabolomics analysis clearly differentiated C. jejuni 81-176 infected and non-infected medias collected from the microfluidic devices, and demonstrated that C. jejuni 81-176 infection in microfluidic devices impacts branched-chain amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis. In contrast, no distinction was seen in the biochemical profiles of infected versus non-infected media collected from cells cultured in transwells. Microfluidic culturing conditions demonstrated a more metabolically homogenous cell population, and present the opportunity for studying host-pathogen interactions for extended periods of time.
The Battle Over Genetically Modified Foods: False Assumptions About Consumer Behavior

While proponents assume that good science sells and that the biotechnology issue will soon become a non-issue, opponents of biotechnology assume that consumers want to be informed and that the risks of the unknown are more important than benefits. Using current models of consumer behavior, this article examines eight incorrect assumptions about consumers. Understanding the processing style of consumers and how it influences their attitudes suggests changes that both opponents and proponents can make to educate consumers more effectively.
Chemical Engineering Data Analysis Made Easy with DataFit.

The outline for half of a one-credit-hour course in analysis of chemical engineering data is presented, along with a range of typical problems encountered later on in the chemical engineering curriculum that can be used to reinforce the data analysis skills learned in the course. This mini course allows students to be exposed to a variety of ChE topics while, at the same time, teaching them the plotting, spreadsheeting, and curve-fitting skills required in any Introduction to Engineering course.
PhyloToAST: Bioinformatics tools for species-level analysis and visualization of complex microbial datasets

The 16S rRNA gene is widely used for taxonomic profiling of microbial ecosystems; and recent advances in sequencing chemistry have allowed extremely large numbers of sequences to be generated from minimal amounts of biological samples. Analysis speed and resolution of data to species-level taxa are two important factors in large-scale explorations of complex microbiomes using 16S sequencing. We present here new software, Phylogenetic Tools for Analysis of Species-level Taxa (PhyloToAST), that completely integrates with the QIIME pipeline to improve analysis speed, reduce primer bias (requiring two sequencing primers), enhance species-level analysis, and add new visualization tools. The code is free and open source, and can be accessed at http://phylotoast.org.