cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
N-methyl-D-aspartate subunit expression during mouse development altered by in utero alcohol exposure.

Objective Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorders are contributors to long-term learning disabilities. By using a model for fetal alcohol syndrome, we have shown that prenatal alcohol exposure results in adult learning deficits of unknown mechanisms. In the developing hippocampus, the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit NR2B triggers long-term potentiation, fundamental to learning and memory; this is supplemented by the less plastic NR2A subunit in the adult. To understand the mechanism of learning deficits in FAS, we evaluated NR2B and NR2A expression in embryonic and adult mice. Study design Pregnant C57Bl6/J mice were treated on gestational day 8 with alcohol or control (saline solution). Embryos were harvested at 6 hours, 24 hours, and 10 days, and brains from adult offspring were collected at 3 months (after evaluation for learning deficit). Calibrator-normalized relative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed for NR2B and NR2A with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase standardization. Statistical analysis included analysis of variance. Results At 6 hours, NR2B expression in the alcohol-exposed embryos was higher than in controls ( P P =.3). However, at 10 days NR2B was lower in alcohol-exposed animals ( P =.02). In the adult brains there was a relative decrease in NR2B ( P =.03) and an increase in NR2A ( P Conclusion Prenatal alcohol exposure during development induces NR2B expression deregulation in the embryos that persists until adulthood, when a relative increase in the less modifiable subunit NR2A occurs. This alteration in NMDA receptor subunits may underlie the learning abnormalities in fetal alcohol syndrome.
Pseudohypopituitary dwarfism with normal plasma growth hormone and low serum sulfation factor

A 7 5/12-year-old Persian Jewish child exhibiting many typical clinical features of dwarfism associated with isolated deficiency of growth hormone was studied. Basal plasma growth hormone values were within normal limits and rose during insulin-induced hypoglycemia to high levels. The serum sulfation factor level was low and did not rise with administration of human growth hormone. Studies performed under metabolic balance conditions showed some evidence of resistance to the metabolic actions of growth hormone as well. This patient manifested clinical signs of growth hormone deficiency which were due to defective generation of sulfation factor rather than impaired growth hormone production.
Detail in the tunneling characteristics of superconducting niobium single crystals

Abstract Structure has been detected in tunneling data for high purity single crystal Nb which suggests a compliance excitation spectrum.
Computer cinematography for portrayal of large scale fallout

Abstract From the data obtained by the United States Public Health Service Radiation Surveillance Network, a method was devised for using the Control Data Corporation 6600 computer with dd80 microfilm output to portray cinematographically, time and space variations in the concentrations of fission products in surface air. In addition it was possible to show the simultaneous variations of meteorological parameters such as the 500 mb pressure surface. Other information relating to frequency and location of testing and concentration level is also presented directly on the film. This non-mathematical use of the computer appears to have considerable promise for the analysis of other large collections of geophysical data.
A note on post-failure stress-strain path dependence in norite

Abstract Several experiments were performed to study the influence of the loading path on the post-failure behavior of a South African norite. It was found that the compressive strength of this rock is essentially independent of the manner in which the axial and confining stresses are applied, at least for moderate confinement. Further, the test results indicate that a transition between the axial stress-axial strain and lateral component of volumetric strain-axial strain curves for constant confining stresses can be effected by increasing or decreasing the confining stress. However, when the confining stress is decreased this transition is controlled by the longitudinal stiffness of the testing system.
Simple method for particle tracking with coherent synchrotron radiation

Coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) is of great interest to those designing accelerators as drivers for free-electron lasers (FELs). Although experimental evidence is incomplete, CSR is predicted to have potentially severe effects on the emittance of high-brightness electron beams. The performance of an FEL depends critically on the emittance, current, and energy spread of the beam. Attempts to increase the current through magnetic bunch compression can lead to increased emittance and energy spread due to CSR in the dipoles of such a compressor. The code elegant was used for design and simulation of the bunch compressor [M. Borland et al., in Proceedings of the 2000 Linear Accelerator Conference, Monterey, CA (SLAC, Menlo Park, CA, 2001), p. 863] for the low-energy undulator test line (LEUTL) FEL [S. V. Milton et al., Phys. Rev. Let. 85, 988 (1999)] at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). In order to facilitate this design, a fast algorithm was developed based on the 1D formalism of Saldin and co-workers [E. L. Saldin, E. A. Schneidmiller, and M. V. Yurkov, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 398, 373 (1997)]. In addition, a method of including CSR effects in drift spaces following the chicane magnets was developed and implemented. The algorithm is fast enough to permit running hundreds of tolerance simulations including CSR for 50 000 particles. This article describes the details of the implementation and shows results for the APS bunch compressor.
Influences on the quality of supervisor–subordinate relations: The role of time‐pressure, organizational commitment, and locus of control

Despite a growing literature devoted to the study of differences in the quality of leader–member exchange, little empirical evidence is available concerning factors that influence the degree of differentiation among leader–member dyads on the dimension of quality of working relationships. As time-pressure has been suggested as one potential influence, the impact of time-based stress on leader–member exchange was examined with a sample of 138 loan officers representing 24 bank branches. Results indicated that unit-level variability on leader–member exchange was inversely related with time-based stress, while unit-level mean on leader–member exchange was positively related with time-based stress. Additionally, leader–member exchange acted as a mediator of the relation between employee locus of control (a suspected antecedent of dyadic quality) and organizational commitment (a suspected outcome), while employee locus of control correlated with leader–member exchange, and leader–member exchange correlated with employee organizational commitment. The results suggest the usefulness of considering time-based stress in conjunction with current models of leadership.
Second-order sign-preserving conservative interpolation (remapping) on general grids

An accurate conservative interpolation (remapping) algorithm is an essential component of most arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) methods. In this paper we describe a local remapping algorithm for a positive scalar function. This algorithm is second-order accurate, conservative, and sign preserving. The algorithm is based on estimating the mass exchanged between cells at their common interface, and so is equally applicable to structured and unstructured grids. We construct the algorithm in a series of steps, clearly delineating the assumptions and errors made at each step. We validate our theory with a suite of numerical examples, analyzing the results from the viewpoint of accuracy and order of convergence.
Estradiol stimulation of pituitary primordia transplanted to the kidney capsule.

The purpose of this study was to define better the influence of hormones on the normal and pathological development of the anterior pituitary using Rathke's pouch (RP)-derived model system. RP from either 12- or 15-day fetuses were microsurgically isolated and transplanted beneath the kidney capsule (KC) of intact adult hosts. Eighteen days later the hosts were hypophysectomized. Ten-12 days after hypophysectomy hosts were injected daily with either 1.0 μg estradiol benzoate (EB) or 0.1 cc corn oil until necropsy at 80 days. Both 12- and 15-day RP differentiated into large, pars distalis tissues consisting of a variety of granulated and agranulated cell types, as well as large, secretory cysts. Cytodifferentiation was consistently most advanced in 15-day RP-derived grafts. Evidence of secretory granule synthesis, but not exocytosis, was apparent in granulated cells in oil-treated controls and EB-treated 12-day RP-derived grafts. Immunostaining and electron microscopy demonstrated hypertrophied somatotrophs and mammotrophs with numerous profiles of exocytosis in EB-treated 15-day RP-derived grafts. Mammotrophs and somatotrophs were infrequent and not well differentiated in 12-day RP-derived grafts whether EB- or oil-treated, nor in oil-treated 15-day RP-derived grafts. Radioimmunoassay demonstrated highest levels of plasma PRL in EB-treated 15-day RP-derived grafts. Implant invasiveness was noted only in EB-treated 12-day RP-derived grafts when basal laminae were disrupted or absent, and graft cells mixed with connective tissue elements.
Asymptotically Safe Inflation

Inflation is studied in the context of asymptotically safe theories of gravitation. Conditions are explored under which it is possible to have a long period of nearly exponential expansion that eventually comes to an end.
Comment on ``Angular momentum gated giant dipole resonance measurements in the reaction 28 Si+ 58 Ni at E( 28 Si)=100 and 125 MeV''

In a recent paper, the giant dipole resonance width was studied as a function of angular momentum in the nucleus ${}^{86}\mathrm{Mo}.$ The width of the resonance was found to be constant over a spin range of $(0--40)\ensuremath{\Elzxh}.$ It was concluded that the angular momentum dependence for ${}^{86}\mathrm{Mo}$ differs from that of Sn isotopes. We compared both datasets with a phenomenological formula based on the thermal fluctuation theory. The ${}^{86}\mathrm{Mo}$ data are inconsistent with the formula in contrast to the previously analyzed Sn data, which seems to indicate that the angular momentum dependence of the phenomenological model is not universally applicable.
Management of Feral Horses at the North Carolina National Estuarine Research Reserve

Abstract Feral horse (Equus caballus L.) populations are found on properties managed by governmental agencies in western states, the Missouri Ozarks, and on several Atlantic coast barrier and estuarine islands. These animals are descendants of free-roaming horses introduced decades to centuries earlier. Public sentiment has influenced development of policies that have allowed the herds to remain. The North Carolina National Estuarine Research Reserve is a state program with federal support and oversight that manages four properties; two (Rachel Carson in Beaufort, NC, and Currituck Banks near Corolla, NC) include feral horse populations. Current reserve policies include maintenance of these herds; however, impacts on salt marshes and other ecosystems represent a conflict with federal regulations. Among the Atlantic Coast herds, conditions at the Rachel Carson site are least accommodating for the animals. With a combination of pertinent research results plus 20 years of site-specific management experience ...
The Competitive Ability and Fitness Components of the Methoprene-tolerant (Met) Drosophila Mutant Resistant to Juvenile Hormone Analog Insecticides

The Methoprene-tolerant (Met) mutation of Drosophila melanogaster results in a high (100-fold) level of resistance to the insecticide methoprene, a chemical analog of juvenile hormone. Pest species that are under control with methoprene may therefore have the potential to evolve resistance via a mutation homologous to Met. To evaluate the potential of such mutants to persist in wild populations, we must understand the fitness of flies carrying Met. In the absence of methoprene, Met flies were outcompeted by a wild-type strain both in a multigeneration population cage and in single-generation competition experiments. To determine which fitness component(s) is responsible for the competitive disadvantage, the survival, time of development, and fecundity of flies homozygous for each of five Met alleles were compared with wild type. Small but significant differences were found between the pooled Met alleles and wild type for pupal development time, pupal mortality, and early adult fecundity. These differences result in a large competitive disadvantage. Although Met flies were found to have reduced fitness by these measures, the phenotype is not as severe as might be expected from a knowledge of the disruption of juvenile hormone regulation seen in Met flies. It is concluded that (1) although Met flies have a large advantage under methoprene selection, they will quickly become outcompeted upon relaxation of methoprene usage, (2) even a seemingly severe disruption of juvenile hormone regulation has no drastic effect on the vital functions of the insect and (3) small differences in fitness components can translate into a large competitive disadvantage.
The Influence of Parent-Child Relatedness on Depressive Symptoms in Children With Asthma: Tests of Moderator and Mediator Models

Objective To examine the influence of parent-child relationship quality on the association between illness-related functional status and depressive symptoms in children with asthma. Methods Questionnaire data were collected from the child, caregiver, and physician. Fifty-five children with asthma (8-17 years of age), their caregivers, and physicians participated. Results Regression analyses suggest that patterns of mother-child relatedness (secure vs. insecure) mediate the relationship between functional status and depressive symptoms. Conclusions The parent-child relationship may be an important pathway by which illness influences symptoms of depression in children with asthma. This study suggests that impaired functional status does not directly contribute to symptoms of depression, but rather influences the parent-child relationship in ways that may promote the development of depressive symptoms in the child.
Effect of storage time and temperature on stallion sperm DNA and fertility

Abstract We used the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) to study the change in stallion sperm DNA susceptibility to denaturation after exposure of extended semen to three different storage temperatures (5, 20, or 37°C) at 7, 20, 31, and 46h. In addition, we compared the rates of sperm DNA denaturation in fertile and subfertile stallions. Among fertile stallions, spermatozoa stored at 20 and 37°C showed a significant ( P α t ), S.D.( α t ), and percent cells outside the main population—COMP( α t )) over time, with the degree of rise being more dramatic at 37°C. Over all stallions, samples stored at 5°C showed no significant ( P >0.05) changes in the SCSA values measured over time, indicating maintenance of chromatin quality for up to 46h. The COMP( α t ) from stallions classified as subfertile showed an increased susceptibility to denaturation or decline in chromatin quality between 20 and 31h when stored at 5°C; however, spermatozoa from fertile stallions did not change during the time intervals analyzed. These data suggest that sperm DNA from some subfertile stallions may decline at a greater rate than spermatozoa from fertile stallions when exposed to similar storage conditions.
Scaling and fractal analysis of viscoelastic properties of heat-induced protein gels

Abstract The scaling of viscoelastic properties of heat-induced gels prepared from egg white was investigated at five pH values (pH 3–11) and various protein concentrations (5–20%) using small-deformation oscillatory rheological measurements. Protein gels were formed by heating samples at 80 °C for 1 h followed by cooling to 25 °C. Storage modulus, G′ and critical strain, γ0 of the gels exhibited pH-dependent power-law relationships with protein concentration. Based on the power-law exponent values, fractal dimension, df of heat-induced protein gels was estimated using scaling models from the literature. Low df values (1.9–2.1) were obtained for gels prepared at acidic and neutral pHs (3–7) whereas higher df values (2.2–2.4) were obtained for gels formed under basic pH conditions. These df values lied well within the range of fractal dimension values (1.5–2.8) reported for protein gels. However, they slightly differed from df for diffusion-limited and reaction-limited cluster–cluster aggregation processes, which made it difficult to justify an assumption regarding the nature of the aggregation process of these protein systems.
Rights, Responsibility, and Relationship: Motivations for Women's Social Activism:

A narrative analysis of interviews with 50 women who were working for social change as professionals or volunteers revealed three motivations for activism: (a) to ensure rights, (b) to fulfill responsibilities, and (c) to restore relationships and build community. The three motivations reflect amodified ethic of care, which includes concern for distant and unfamiliar others. The women's spirituality supports the modified care ethic by emphasizing the interdependence of all life.
High-latitude paleomagnetic poles from Middle Jurassic Plutons and moat volcanics in New England and the controversy regarding Jurassic Apparent Polar Wander for North America

A paleomagnetic study of Middle Jurassic plutonic and volcanic rocks in New England (White Mountains Magma Series) yields high-latitude pole positions for North America. High unblocking temperature, moderate to high coercivity magnetizations of normal polarity have been isolated in three plutons (White Mountains batholith, Mount Monadnock, and the Belknap Mountains; mean age ∼169 Ma), but the mean pole (88.4°N, 82.1°E, A95 = 6.1°) is not distinguishable from the geographic axis and therefore the hypothesis that the plutons have been contaminated by recent field overprints can not be rejected. However, a dual polarity, high unblocking temperature, and high coercivity magnetization isolated from the Moat volcanics (169 Ma, Rb-Sr age) was apparently acquired soon after caldera collapse and tilting, at about the time of intrusion and cooling of the Conway granite (reported ages K-Ar biotite, 168 Ma; zircon fission track, 163 Ma). The Moat volcanics pole position (78.7°N, 90.3°E, dp = 7.1°, dm = 10.2°) calculated using the mean magnetization direction of reversed polarity (the Cr component) falls at high latitude but is distinguishable from the spin axis. Moreover, published Middle Jurassic paleomagnetic poles from Gondwana (Africa, Australia, and East Antarctica) transferred to the North American reference frame also suggest a high-latitude Middle Jurassic pole position for North America, in agreement with the Moat volcanics pole. The new evidence for a Middle Jurassic loop to high latitudes in the North American apparent polar wander path conflicts by 15°–20° with some key published Jurassic reference poles (e.g., the Newark Trend N2 and the Corral Canyon poles) used to constrain current paleomagnetic Euler pole (PEP) apparent polar wander paths for the Jurassic. We suggest that a plausible explanation for the discrepancy is that the N2 and Corral Canyon magnetizations are in fact secondary and were acquired after tilting. The hypothesis that the North American apparent polar wander path ventured to high latitude in the Middle Jurassic requires further testing, however the results of this study already suggest that the path may be more complicated than that proposed by recently published PEP studies.
Identification by mass spectrometry and immune response analysis of guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) pentameric complex proteins GP129, 131 and 133

Development of a vaccine against congenital infection with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a major public health priority. A potential vaccine target receiving considerable recent attention is the pentameric complex (PC) of HCMV proteins consisting of gL, gH, UL128, UL130, and UL131, since some antibodies against these target proteins are capable of potently neutralizing virus at epithelial and endothelial cell surfaces. Recently, homologous proteins have been described for guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV), consisting of gH, gL, and the GPCMV proteins GP129, GP131, and GP133. To investigate these proteins as potential vaccine targets, expression of GP129-GP133 transcripts was confirmed by reverse-transcriptase PCR. Mass spectrometry combined with western blot assays demonstrated the presence of GP129, GP131, and GP133 proteins in virus particles. Recombinant proteins corresponding to these PC proteins were generated in baculovirus, and as GST fusion proteins. Recombinant proteins were noted to be immunoreactive with convalescent sera from infected animals, suggesting that these proteins are recognized in the humoral immune response to GPCMV infection. These analyses support the study of PC-based recombinant vaccines in the GPCMV congenital infection model.
On Signaling Efficiency for Call Setup in all-IP Wireless Networks

This paper analyzes the signaling efficiency for multimedia call (session) establishment in all-IP wireless networking infrastructures based on the Internet Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) standard framework and CDMA2000 Evolution Data Only Rev. A (EV-DOrA) standard for wireless link transmission. We present a comprehensive, bottom up analysis of signaling delay for setting up multimedia sessions and we evaluate system architecture alternatives to reduce it. Call setup time is particularly critical for interactive applications, such as gaming, push-to-X and Voice over IP (VoIP), where user experience of time that takes to start or join a session directly translates in user perception of service quality. Our analysis takes into account a large set of system design parameters across all layers, ranging from radio link properties to IMS processing and specific characteristics of the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). For an example signaling flow between two mobile users, we derive an important set of numerical results for call set up time under various IMS design scenarios that consider effects of SIP compression efficiency, choice of transport protocols (TCP, UDP) and radio link quality. Based on the results obtained, we propose and discuss new methods to improve the signaling efficiency and to reduce the call setup time.
Identification and functional analysis of the essential and regulatory light chains of the only type II myosin Myo1p in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Cytokinesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves coordination between actomyosin ring contraction and septum formation and/or targeted membrane deposition. We show that Mlc1p, a light chain for Myo2p (type V myosin) and Iqg1p (IQGAP), is the essential light chain for Myo1p, the only type II myosin in S. cerevisiae. However, disruption or reduction of Mlc1p–Myo1p interaction by deleting the Mlc1p binding site on Myo1p or by a point mutation in MLC1, mlc1-93, did not cause any obvious defect in cytokinesis. In contrast, a different point mutation, mlc1-11, displayed defects in cytokinesis and in interactions with Myo2p and Iqg1p. These data suggest that the major function of the Mlc1p–Myo1p interaction is not to regulate Myo1p activity but that Mlc1p may interact with Myo1p, Iqg1p, and Myo2p to coordinate actin ring formation and targeted membrane deposition during cytokinesis. We also identify Mlc2p as the regulatory light chain for Myo1p and demonstrate its role in Myo1p ring disassembly, a function likely conserved among eukaryotes.
Implications of stunting on morphology of freshwater fishes.

The purpose of this study was to assess morphological differences between stunted and non-stunted white perch Morone americana and green sunfish Lepomis cyanellus .F ew femaleM. americana were captured; thus, morphological differences between adult males and juveniles were assessed for M. americana. Similarly, few immature (juvenile) L. cyanellus were captured for the stunted morphotype; thus, male and female morphological differences were assessed for L. cyanellus. Features of the head tended to be relatively larger in stunted fish of both species, whereas the mid-body tended to be relatively larger in non-stunted M. americana, but not in non-stunted L. cyanellus. Adult and juvenile morphology overlapped considerably in non-stunted M. americana, but there was a clear distinction between adult and juvenile morphology of stunted M. americana .T here was little sexual dimorphism in shape in stunted L. cyanellus, whereas sexual dimorphism was evident in non-stunted L. cyanellus. It appears that selective forces imposed by predation and food limitation may contribute to morphological diversification between stunted and non-stunted
Bacterial community structure is indicative of chemical inputs in the Upper Mississippi River.

Local and regional associations between bacterial communities and nutrient and chemical concentrations were assessed in the Upper Mississippi River in Minnesota to determine if community structure was associated with discrete types of chemical inputs associated with different land cover. Bacterial communities were characterized by Illumina sequencing of the V6 region of 16S rDNA and compared to > 40 chemical and nutrient concentrations. Local bacterial community structure was shaped primarily by associations among bacterial orders. However, order abundances were correlated regionally with nutrient and chemical concentrations, and were also related to major land coverage types. Total organic carbon and total dissolved solids were among the primary abiotic factors associated with local community composition and co-varied with land cover. Escherichia coli concentration was poorly related to community composition or nutrient concentrations. Abundances of fourteen bacterial orders were related to land coverage type, and seven showed significant differences in abundance (P ≤ 0.046) between forested or anthropogenically-impacted sites. This study identifies specific bacterial orders that were associated with chemicals and nutrients derived from specific land cover types and may be useful in assessing water quality. Results of this study reveal the need to investigate community dynamics at both the local and regional scales and to identify shifts in taxonomic community structure that may be useful in determining sources of pollution in the Upper Mississippi River.
Temperament and character inventory dimensions and anhedonia in detoxified substance-dependent subjects

In this study we aimed to investigate the relationship between anhedonia, craving and temperament and character dimensions in a sample of 50 patients with alcohol and opiate dependence recruited after a period of detoxification. The following scales were applied: Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), Bech-Rafaelsen Melan- cholia Scale (BRMS), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) for craving, and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). The temperament dimension of Novelty Seeking was positively correlated to craving and anhedonia (p < .01), with a higher score of Novelty Seeking in the subsample of an- hedonic subjects with respect to both non-anhedonic and control subjects. In our study, the possibility that difficulty in experiencing pleasure in psychiatric disorders can lead to the use of psychoactive substances in an attempt to decrease anhedonia, is extended to subjects without psychiatric disorders who may try substances to counterbalance a tonic state of anhedonia.
Isolation and characterization of a member of the cysteine-rich gene family from Campoletis sonorensis polydnavirus

The endoparasitic wasp Campoletis sonorensis injects a symbiotic polydnavirus into its host Heliothis virescens. Viral gene expression protects the wasp egg and larva from encapsulation by host haemocytes. Three related C. sonorensis polydnavirus (CsPDV) genes, which are expressed in parasitized H. virescens, have been previously isolated and grouped into a cysteine-rich gene family. In this report, a CsPDV gene encoding an abundant 1.4 kb mRNA expressed in parasitized insects was isolated and mapped to viral segment V (15.2 kb) by Southern blotting and PCR. The VHv1.4 cDNA is 1338 bp long and has an ORF that encodes 322 amino acids with two complete and one partial cysteine motifs. Similar to other characterized CsPDV cysteine motifs, the VHv1.4 motifs are also characterized by six cysteines at conserved positions and variable inter-cysteine amino acids. DNA sequence analyses show that the VHv1.4 gene shares regions of significant identity (73–97%) with the VHv1.1 gene, a member of the cysteine-rich gene family. The VHv1.4 and the VHv1.1 proteins are 62% identical overall; at the N termini including the signal peptide and the N-terminal cysteine motif the identity is greater (90%). Unlike other CsPDV cysteinerich genes, the VHv1.4 cDNA has two conserved domains (77% identical in nucleotides, 55% identical in amino acids) that presumably result from the duplication of a portion of the gene. The VHv1.4 gene has four introns with splicing sites located at positions similar to VHv1.1 introns. Introns 2 and 3, located in the first and second domains respectively, have greater identity (97%) than the flanking exon sequences (77%). We propose, based on the evidence presented in this paper, that the VHv1.4 gene is a new member of the cysteinerich polydnavirus gene family.
How Complex Are Complex Predicates

. This paper argues that clause union/restructuring constructions such as verb clusters in German do not involve head clustering in the form of (lexical or derived) complex head formation. I provide several arguments showing that clause union properties are licensed in the absence of complex head formation and that complex head formation hence cannot be seen as a condition on clause union/restructuring. Complex head approaches are compared to syntactic complementation approaches—in particular, to an approach where the verbs of a restructuring construction project independent VPs that include all the internal arguments associated with the particular verbs. A series of empirical facts are considered (constituency, word order, modification, event structure properties, and nominalizations) that all point to the conclusion that these constructions involve regular VPs rather than complex V-V heads. Although it is not excluded that complex head approaches could be adjusted to accommodate these facts, the main advantage of the VP-complementation approach is that the sum of the properties discussed follows without additional assumptions from the structure suggested and that this approach also correctly predicts which constructions are excluded.
When you’ve only got one class, one chance: acquiring sociocultural knowledge using eclectic case pedagogy

In this paper we describe the creation of an eclectic case pedagogy based on case‐based methods, sociocultural learning theory and visual studies successfully used in a university teacher education course designed to help students acquire sociocultural knowledge about schooling and teaching. Using qualitative data collected across three semesters and four offerings of the course, we outline the types of cases that made up the eclectic case pedagogy, as well as how students recognized the efficacy and significance of this pedagogic method for their learning. Students highlight three specific kinds of learning opportunities afforded to them when engaging with the eclectic case pedagogy including: guided participation, dismantling and building connections and close in(tro)spection of schooling and society. The benefits students attribute to this approach suggest the eclectic case pedagogy may especially befit courses that aim to expand preservice teachers’ knowledge base around issues of historical inequalit...
Intrafamilial phenotypic variability of the DYT1 dystonia: From asymptomatic TOR1A gene carrier status to dystonic storm

When primary torsion dystonia is caused by a GAG deletion in the TOR1A gene (DYT1 dystonia), it typically presents with an early-onset dystonia involving distal limbs, subsequently spreading to a generalized dystonia. We describe a large family with an unusually broad variability in the clinical features of their dystonia both with regard to severity and age of onset. The proband of this family succumbed in his second decade to malignant generalized dystonia, whereas other family members carrying the same mutation are either asymptomatic or display dystonia that may be focal, segmental, multifocal, or generalized in distribution. One family member had onset of her dystonia at age 64 years, probably the oldest reported in genetically confirmed DYT1 dystonia. We conclude that marked phenotypic heterogeneity characterizes some families with DYT1 dystonia, suggesting a role for genetic, environmental, or other modifiers. These findings have implications for genetic testing and counseling. © 2002 Movement Disorder Society.
The Effects of China's Economic Growth on Domestic and International Supply Chains: Assessing the Risks

The purpose of this study is to assess the positive and negative effects of China's economic growth on international supply chains. Various methods, including cause-and-effect diagrams, Pareto analysis, and total cost modeling are used to assess China's business environment. The study identifies the financial benefits of making China a strategic partner in any business's supply chain, and recognizes when there is no competitive advantage. Extending a supply chain into China often provides companies with many cost-saving benefits, which is primarily driven by low labor rates, but companies must assess the major risks and hidden costs as they relate to their decision making. Assessing whether to manufacture Milwaukee Electric's drills in China or in the United States illustrates the application of the proposed total supply chain cost decision model. China has become such a dominant force in the global economy that businesses may be at risk if they don't engage with it in some way, but extending into China should not be viewed as a decision that will automatically result in a positive outcome for businesses.
It's All about the Children: An Intersectional Perspective on Parenting Values among Black Married Couples in the United States

Black families in the United States are usually studied from a deficit perspective that primarily considers single parents in poverty. There is, however, considerable diversity among American Black families in terms of social class, immigration status, marital status, and parenting values and practices. Using data from the Contemporary Black Marriage Study, a study of young married couples who are native-born Black, African immigrants, or Caribbean immigrants, this research examines childbearing and parenting values from an intersectional perspective. A sample of whites is included for comparison purposes. The research considers impacts of social class, immigration, gender, and race as well as structural influences. Diversity exists both within and among social and demographic groups.
Ultrasound of the fetal thymus.

A prospective study was performed in 340 obstetric sonograms to evaluate the sonographic characteristics of the fetal thymus. The thymus was identified as a homogeneous structure in the anterior fetal mediastinum in 251 cases (74%). The thymus was categorized as either hyperechoic, isoechoic, or hypoechoic relative to fetal lung. Seventy one of 115 cases (62%) prior to 27 weeks gestation were hyperechoic relative to fetal lung whereas 100 of 136 cases (73%) after 27 weeks were hypoechoic relative to lung (p less than .0001). Thymic measurements and shape were also recorded. The anterior-posterior AP thickness, measured in the midline at the sternum, ranged from 2 mm at 14 weeks to 20.8 mm at term. This study demonstrates that the thymus can be imaged in most fetuses.
Playing with Enzymes

A 70-year-old female of African American decent, with history of hypertension, type II diabetes mellitus, anemia, and congestive heart failure, is admitted because of symptomatic anemia (hemoglobin, Hgb level 7.2 g/dL). The patient has a history of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions and is known to have alloantibodies (anti-C, -K, and -Fya). The patient was last transfused two units of RBCs 2 weeks ago. Two RBC units are now requested, and a type and crossmatch sample (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, EDTA anticoagulant) is submitted to the blood bank.
Low Rate of Perinatal Sepsis in Term Infants of Mothers with Chorioamnionitis

Objective The risk of infection in infants of mothers with chorioamnionitis (CAM) may be lower than previously reported. This study's objective was to determine the incidence of intrapartum fever (IPF) and culture-positive early-onset bacterial neonatal infection (CPEOI) in the late preterm and term infants of mothers with or without CAM and to assess interhospital variation in neonatal infection management. Study Design This retrospective cohort study included mothers and newborns delivered at ≥35 weeks gestation at Kaiser Permanente Southern California Hospitals in 2010 ( n = 31,112). Electronic medical and laboratory records from 13 medical centers were examined for maternal temperature, intrapartum, and neonatal antibiotic treatment. Rates for IPF, CAM, and CPEOI were estimated. Rates for starting neonatal antibiotics were calculated. Results The incidence of IPF was 9% and CAM 4%. The overall rate for CPEOI was 0.61/1,000 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.34, 0.89/1,000). The rate of CPEOI was 4.0/1,000 (95% CI 0.50, 7.5/1,000) in infants born to mothers with CAM. The rate of beginning antibiotics for infants born to mothers with CAM ranged from 7 to 76% between nurseries. Conclusion The rate of CPEOI in infants born to mothers with CAM is lower than previously reported. There is heterogeneity in initiation of neonatal antibiotics by neonatologists.
Oscillometric measurement of arterial pulse pressure for patients supported by a rotary blood pump

A computer model has been developed to evaluate the accuracy of an oscillometric method to measure the arterial pulse pressure from a patient with a rotary ventricular assist device (VAD). This computer model consists of three major components: the cardiovascular system, the HeartMate II VAD, and the operation of an automated cuff. Simulation was performed to mimic failure, recovery, and normal cardiac functions of a patient, supported by the HeartMate II VAD at different levels from minimum to maximum. The oscillating cuff pressure, simulating the air pressure of a deflecting cuff, was obtained from simulation under different conditions to test the accuracy of an oscillometric algorithm in determining the arterial pulse pressure. The algorithm was able to detect the systolic and diastolic arterial pressure with the error within ±2 mmHg in most cases, except the cases when ventricular suction, induced by the VAD, occurred. The results from this study suggested that the oscillometric algorithm is capable to accurately detect the arterial pulse pressure for a rotary VAD patient if the algorithm is properly tuned.
Numerical Simulation of Diffusion Controlled Surface Evolution

As a model for Stranski-Krastanow island formation in strained heteroepitaxial layers, this paper investigates the surface-diffusion controlled morphological evolution of a two dimensional semi-infinite solid loaded in the lateral direction. Numerical methods are developed to simulate the surface diffusion process, and examples are presented to demonstrate three distinct evolution patterns which are characterized by two critical wavelengths. The results show that, according to the wavelength, a slightly wavy surface can evolve into a cusped, a smoothly undulating, or a flat configuration. The diffusion wavelength and cusp-formation time compare favorably with recent experimental observations.
Epidemiological analysis of the food poisoning in Fangshan District of Beijing from 2010 to 2012

Objective This study aimed to analyze food poisoning in Fangshan districtofBeijing from 2010 to 2012, in order to provide scientific basis for effective prevention. Methods Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the number of cases and sufferers of food poisoning. Results The prevalence of food poisoning decreased year by year. The incidence peaked in autumn.Mostcases occurred in canteens. Vegetal food was the major source of food poisoning. Bacteria, toxins from plants and animals were the major causes. Conclusion The food poisoning in Fangshan district of Beijing is still severe, especially in autumn. Different prevention and control measures should be taken to specific sites.
Cognition and Consideration in Residency Training of Geriatric Medicine

Geriatric medicine was a newly rising compositive subject.Its service objects were aged people even super aged people.It was important to do a good work in geriatric medicine residency training for raising the quality of geriatric talents,promoting whole level of geriatric medicine,lengthening life span and enhancing the quality of life.How to cultivate residents who can meet medical demand and also can develop geriatric medicine was an urgent and significant task.This article was based on practice in the department of geriatric medicine.In order to promote comprehensive ability of geriatric medicine residents,many measures had been used in residency training work,such as to elevate teachers capability,to cultivate good medical ethics,to enhance communication ability,to increase theory knowledge study and clinical basic manipulation training,to develop standardized teaching rounds and cases discussion,and to raise scientific research ability.
Application of Interferogram Stackingin Surface Deformation Based on SARscape

Land surface deformation include earthquake deformation、landslide and surface subsidence etc.The interferogram stacking technique,extending SAR interferometry to the analysis of large sets of multi-temporal acquisitions,enables to get the displacement information with few millimeters measurement.This paper introduces the fundamental and technique process of interferogram stacking.And we take the Beijing Olympic park as study area to do the surface deformation monitoring using 23 Cosmo-skymed data between 2008 to 2010,based on PS technique.
Study on hydrolyzed technological free amino-acid and free fatty acid of coprinus comatus

The paper mainly studied hydrolyzed and nutritive constitution of coprinus comatus,The result showed : the most suitable technological parameters were∶papain,a temperature of 55℃,pH 6.0,and for 4 hours,E/S 5000U/g for chicken pone paste.Through automatic amino acid analyzer and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer to determine amino acid and fatty acid.There are seventeen amino-acids in coprionus comatus,and the content of essential amino-acid is 47.2 percent,The free fatty acids mainly are human essential acid-linolic acid.The paper offer a according as science for deep machining and application in food.
Trading Shovels for Controllers: A Brief Exploration of the Portrayal of Archaeology in Video Games

Archaeology has been a persistent theme for video games, from the long-running Indiana Jones and Lara Croft franchises to more recent uses of archaeology in games like Destiny and World of Warcraft. In these games, archaeology is often portrayed as a search for treasure among lost worlds that leads to looting and the destruction of cultural heritage. In this article, we review the current state of archaeological video games, including mainstream and educational games. While this is not an exhaustive discussion, it provides an introduction and overview to the current landscape. We propose that an understanding of current popular archaeological video games is important to archaeologists for three reasons: (1) it is a source of potentially dangerous misconceptions about the discipline that must be addressed; (2) it can be a source of inspiration for funding and a means to recruit new students to the discipline; and (3) games can be leveraged as teaching moments in classrooms and public discussions. It is imp...
Angiotensin II and the control of cardiovascular structure.

The structure and function of the vessel wall are dependent on the balance of several counteracting forces, i.e., vasoconstricting versus vasodilating, growth-promoting versus growth-inhibiting, and proapoptotic versus antiapoptotic. In a normal healthy vessel, these factors are closely balanced. However, under pathophysiologic conditions this balance is upset, resulting in the development of vascular hypertrophy and the generation of vascular lesions. For example, during the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, there is an imbalance in a number of these processes, resulting in a proatherogenic state. Similarly, processes involved in maintaining the structure and function of the cardiac wall are under tight control and, when the control is upset, can result in left ventricular hypertrophy, with subsequent decreases in cardiac function and the development of failure. Evidence suggests that angiotensin II (AngII), acting via a family of receptors, plays an important role in the regulation of structure and function in both the heart and vessel wall; under pathologic conditions, the ability of the heart and vessel wall to generate AngII is increased, because of increased angiotensin-converting enzyme expression. In this review, the potential role of AngII in the regulation of cardiac and vascular structure and function is discussed.
NAP SACC: Implementation of an Obesity Prevention Intervention in an American Indian Head Start Program

ABSTRACTLow-income American Indian preschoolers are at greatest risk for overweight and obesity among children aged 2–5 years. The Nutrition and Physical Activity Self-Assessment for Child Care (NAP SACC) program is an evidence-based intervention that promotes healthy weight development for children enrolled in child care centers. The goal of this continuous quality improvement program is for the child care staff to establish environmental policies and practices that positively influence nutrition and physical activity-related behaviors. A community needs assessment of a Head Start program on an American Indian reservation identified obesity as a priority issue. This project implemented NAP SACC at 15 Head Start sites on the reservation.
‘Embers’ and ‘Happy Days’

After the premiere production of Krapp’s Last Tape Beckett resumed his practice of writing in French with the novel Comment c’est, which he began in December 1958. He returned to drama and English, however, with Embers, a radio play that was produced by the BBC in 1959.1 As Krapp reviews images of the eyes of his sexual partners, the old man demonstrates the acute need to be perceived by others. In Embers Henry creates imaginary listeners to perceive his continuous discourse, and Beckett concentrates upon this single figure who summons the voices of others to reconstruct the past.