cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Investigation and Analysis of Licensed(Employed)Pharmacists in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving professional level of licensed(employed)pharmacists in the frontier minority areas.METHODS:Chester sampling investigation is adopted to investigate and analyze statistically nationality,gender,age,educational background,specialty,operating post,length for practice,role and sense of vocational pride of licensed(employed)pharmacists in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region by using questionnaire.RESULTS:1 657 questionnaires were sent out,1 650 available questionnaire were returned with effective rate of 99.58%.Among licensed pharmacists surveyed,women were more than men;Han nationality of licensed(employed)pharmacists accounted for 88.36%.The pharmacists mainly were 30 to 50 years old;college or higher accounted for 90.96%,including 70.18% were pharmacy major;among working place,medical institutions accounted for 38.12%,management enterprise for 26.18%,pharmacy for 19.15%,and production enterprises for 5.45%.47.88% of them had not play their role;89.33% of them had general feeling or no sense of pride.CONCLUSIONS:Currently,there were insufficient licensed(employed) pharmacists,unreasonable national distribution of pharmacists,unreasonable district distribution,lack of licensed pharmacists in retail pharmacy in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.It is suggested to issue Law for Licensed Pharmacists as soon as possible and clear the legal place of licensed pharmacists in related policies and regulations;incorporate license pharmacist into pharmaceutical title of medical institutions;improve professional skill of licensed(employed) pharmacists through various channels;strengthen licensed pharmacists training in the frontier minority areas;play assistance role of licensed pharmacists.
Diagnosis: making the best use of medical data

To take the best possible care of patients, physicians must understand the basic principles of diagnostic test interpretation. Pretest probability is an important factor in interpreting test results. Some tests are useful for ruling in disease when positive or ruling out disease when negative, but not necessarily both. Many tests are of little value for diagnosing disease, and tests should be ordered only when the results are likely to lead to improved patient-oriented outcomes.
Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Sucrose Polyester in Salad Dressing by Evaporative Light-Scattering Mass Detection

A liquid chromatographic (LC) method is described for analysis of sucrose polyester (SPE) in salad dressings. SPE is separated from acylglycerols by get permeation chromatography. The elution time window for SPE was determined with an evaporative light-scattering mass detector. The SPE fraction is collected and quantitated by C 18 reversed-phase chromatography with a ternary gradient. The gradient consists initially of 45.5% methylene chloride, 52.5% acetonitrile, and 2.0% isopropyl alcohol. After 5 min, the ratios change to 98.0% methylene chloride and 2.0% isopropyl alcohol and remain unchanged for the next 6 min. The gradient then reverts back to initial conditions and is ready for another injection after a total run time of 17 min. Sucrose octaacetate was used as an internal standard to simplify quantitation. The mean (n = 3) recovery of SPE was 92.4 ± 2.6%. Reversed-phase LC precision was determined by performing 6 replicate analyses of Italian dressing. The mean recovery ± standard deviation and coefficient of variation were 261 ± 9.5 mg SPE/g and 3.6%, respectively.
Jewish Identity and Civil Rights in America: The New Campus Anti-Semitism

Speaking to college audiences, I have been careful to give proper context to the contemporary resurgence of campus anti-Semitism. The troubling incidents that have emerged on many campuses in recent years have been conspicuous not because they reflect a broader atmosphere of hostility toward Jews but rather because they have been ugly exceptions in an environment that has been welcoming in other respects to Jewish students. Indeed, some commentators have described the current moment as a “golden age” for Jewish life on campus. Close observers have noted the paradox that American colleges have emerged as a flashpoint for anti-Semitic incidents a time when they have provided a positive environment in most other respects.” The United States in recent years has enjoyed a period of almost philo-Semitic tolerance for Jews, in contrast to the experience of Jews elsewhere in the world. Research by the Institute for Jewish and Community Research (and others) confirms the general perception that positive attitudes toward Jews have been growing steadily over the last 40 years, whereas negative perceptions have declined precipitously. Similarly, many college campuses have provided numerous accommodations to Jewish students, such as excused absence for religious holidays, kosher dining facilities, chaplaincy services, Hillel, and Jewish studies courses. By and large, Jewish students no longer face the forms of institutional discrimination in academic admissions, undergraduate housing, faculty selection, and club membership that they experienced for a significant part of the twentieth century. On the other hand, allegations of anti-Semitic activity appear to have increased on college campuses in recent years and have included physical assaults, stalking, intimidation, vandalism, and various forms of hate speech.
A 1- mu m MODFET process yielding MUX and DMUX circuits operating at 4.5 Gb/s

The authors report a high-yield 1- mu m enhancement- and depletion-mode MODFET (E/D MODFET) process capable of producing medium-scale integrated circuits. Special care has been taken to reduce anomalous transients. Reproducible MBE (molecular-beam epitaxy) growth of epi-layers and a uniform and reproducible RIE (reactive ion etch) process have resulted in excellent threshold voltage (V/sub TH/) control. The standard deviation of V/sub TH/ for EFETs with a median V/sub TH/ value of 0.27 V was 42 mV from wafer to wafer and 21 mV across a wafer. With this process the authors have demonstrated a stand-alone general-purpose 8-bit multiplexer and demultiplexer pair operating at 4.5 Gb/s with a power consumption of 1.4 W and 2.2 W, respectively. >
Metrics for assessing adaptive capacity and water security: common challenges, diverging contexts, emerging consensus

The rapid pace of climate and environmental changes requires some degree of adaptation, to forestall or avoid severe impacts. Adaptive capacity and water security are concepts used to guide the ways in which resource managers plan for and manage change. Yet the assessment of adaptive capacity and water security remains elusive, due to flaws in guiding concepts, paucity or inadequacy of data, and multiple difficulties in measuring the effectiveness of management prescriptions at scales relevant to decision-making. We draw on conceptual framings and empirical findings of the thirteen articles in this special issue and seek to respond to key questions with respect to metrics for the measurement, governance, information accessibility, and robustness of the knowledge produced in conjunction with ideas related to adaptive capacity and water security. Three overarching conclusions from this body of work are (a) systematic cross-comparisons of metrics, using the same models and indicators, are needed to validate the reliability of evaluation instruments for adaptive capacity and water security, (b) the robustness of metrics to applications across multiple scales of analysis can be enhanced by a ‘metrics plus’ approach that combines well-designed quantitative metrics with in-depth qualitative methods that provide rich context and local knowledge, and (c) changes in the governance of science–policy can address deficits in public participation, foster knowledge exchange, and encourage the co-development of adaptive processes and approaches (e.g., risk-based framing) that move beyond development and use of static indicators and metrics.
Building community engagement: Incorporation of service learning in a nursing curriculum.

• Concept-based curriculum offer opportunities to use service learning to support student learning outcomes.
Myc enhances B-cell receptor signaling in precancerous B cells and confers resistance to Btk inhibition

Dysregulation of the oncogenic transcription factor MYC induces B-cell transformation and is a driver for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). MYC overexpression in B-NHL is associated with more aggressive phenotypes and poor prognosis. Although genomic studies suggest a link between MYC overexpression and B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling molecules in B-NHL, signaling pathways essential to Myc-mediated B-cell transformation have not been fully elucidated. We utilized intracellular phospho-flow cytometry to investigate the relationship between Myc and BCR signaling in pre-malignant B cells. Utilizing the Eμ-myc mouse model, where Myc is overexpressed specifically in B cells, both basal and stimulated BCR signaling were increased in precancerous B lymphocytes from Eμ-myc mice compared with wild-type littermates. B cells overexpressing Myc displayed constitutively higher levels of activated CD79α, Btk, Plcγ2 and Erk1/2. Notably, Myc-overexpressing B cells maintained elevated BCR signaling despite treatment with ibrutinib, a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Furthermore, PI3K/Akt pathway signaling was also increased in Eμ-myc B cells, and this increase was partially suppressed with ibrutinib. In addition, experiments with Btk-null B cells revealed off-target effects of ibrutinib on BCR signaling. Our data show that in pre-malignant B cells, Myc overexpression is sufficient to activate BCR and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and further enhances signaling following BCR ligation. Therefore, our results indicate that precancerous B cells have already acquired enhanced survival and growth capabilities before transformation, and that elevated MYC levels confer resistance to pharmacologic inhibitors of BCR signaling, which has significant implications for B-NHL treatment.
OpenICE medical device interoperability platform overview and requirement analysis

We give an overview of OpenICE, an open source implementation of the ASTM standard F2761 for the Integrated Clinical Environment (ICE) that leverages medical device interoperability, together with an analysis of the clinical and non-functional requirements and community process that inspired its design.
Does being drunk or high cause HIV sexual risk behavior? A systematic review of drug administration studies

HIV sexual risk behavior is broadly associated with substance use. Yet critical questions remain regarding the potential causal link between substance use (e.g., intoxication) and HIV sexual risk behavior. The present systematic review was designed to examine and synthesize the existing literature regarding the effects of substance administration on HIV sexual risk behavior. Randomized controlled experiments investigating substance administration and HIV sexual risk behavior (e.g., likelihood of condom use in a casual sex scenario) were included. Across five databases, 2750 titles/abstracts were examined and forty-three total peer reviewed published manuscripts qualified (few were multi-study manuscripts, and those details are outlined in the text). The majority of articles investigated the causal role of acute alcohol administration on HIV sexual risk behavior, although one article investigated the effects of acute THC administration, one the effects of acute cocaine administration, and two the effects of buspirone. The results of this review suggest a causal role in acute alcohol intoxication increasing HIV sexual risk decision-making. Although evidence is limited with other substances, cocaine administration also appears to increase sexual risk, while acute cannabis and buspirone maintenance may decrease sexual risk. In the case of alcohol intoxication, the pharmacological effects independently contribute to HIV sexual risk decision-making, and these effects are exacerbated by alcohol expectancies, increased arousal, and delay to condom availability. Comparisons across studies showed that cocaine led to greater self-reported sexual arousal than alcohol, potentially suggesting a different risk profile. HIV prevention measures should take these substance administration effects into account. Increasing the amount of freely and easily accessible condoms to the public may attenuate the influence of acute intoxication on HIV sexual risk decision-making.
The Impact of Resonance Frequency Breathing on Measures of Heart Rate Variability, Blood Pressure, and Mood.

Heart rate variability biofeedback significantly improves heart rate variability. Breathing at resonant frequency (approximately 6 breaths per minute) constitutes a key part of heart rate variability biofeedback training and is hypothesized to be a pathway through which biofeedback improves heart rate variability. No studies to date, however, have experimentally examined whether resonant frequency (RF) breathing impacts measures of heart rate variability. The present study addressed this question by comparing three groups: the RF group breathed at their determined RF for 15 minutes; the RF+1 group breathed at 1 breath per minute higher than their determined RF for 15 minutes; and the third group sat quietly for 15 minutes. After this 15-minute period, all groups participated in the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT) for 8 minutes, and then sat quietly during a 10-minute recovery period. Heart rate variability, blood pressure, and mood were measured throughout the experiment. Groups were not significantly different on any of the measures at baseline. After the breathing exercise, the RF group reported higher positive mood than the other two groups, and the RF group showed a significantly higher LF/HF HRV ratio relative to the control group, a key goal in heart rate variability biofeedback training (ps < .05). Additionally, the RF group showed lower systolic blood pressure during the PASAT and during the recovery period relative to the control group, with the RF+1 group not being significantly different from either group (ps < .05). Overall, RF breathing appears to play an important role in the positive effect heart rate variability biofeedback has on measures of heart rate variability.
Towards A Self-Learning Library For Vibration Data

Vibration data from building can reflect human activities such as human movement. Lack of relative labeled dataset has been a major challenge for conducting such analysis job. We aim to explore possibilities to produce footstep metadata automatically through machine learning techniques. In this paper, we perform an analysis on identifying human footsteps by utilizing deep neural network as a classifier.
Alloy Phase Diagrams From First Principles

The first applications of density-functional theory to disordered systems are described. The usual difficulty of solving the single-particle Schrodinger equation for systems lacking long-range order is circumvented by using the cluster-expansion method of Sanchez and deFontaine to describe the alloy, and deducing the coefficients appearing in this expansion from energy-band calculations for several ordered compounds. The cluster expansion obtained in this way describes the alloy as a continuous function of stoichiometry, short-range order and volume. We have used the technique, in combination with an approximate description of the entropy of mixing, to calculate the dominant features of the phase diagrams of 28 transition-metal alloy systems. Agreement with measured phase diagrams is generally very good. Not tested in these first applications of the technique is its ability to describe properties of disordered systems other than the total energy, properties such as the state density. Also not yet tested is the ability of the technique to directly predict the degree of short-range order present in the system, by minimization of the free energy.
Important Chemical Variables for Labeling Antibodies with Indium-111 and Technetium-99m

The use of radiolabeled antibodies for radioimmunodetection of malignant tumors involves research in several disciplines such as chemistry, immunology and pharmacokinetics. Each of these areas has to be investigated systematically to guarantee a successful radioimmunodetection technology. This paper focuses its discussion primarily on chemical and immunochemical aspects associated with radiolabeling of antibodies with In-111 and Tc-99m. A bifunctional chelate approach using a cyclic DTPA dianhydride is used as a model reaction for the indirect labeling of antibody and antihuman serum albumin antibody is used as a model antibody. The optimization of important chemical parameters is discussed for the conjugation and labeling reactions. The relationship between the number of DTPA groups and the antibody immunoreactivity is also discussed.
γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase: What does the organization and expression of a multipromoter gene tell us about its functions?

Abstract gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase is a key enzyme in glutathione (GSH) salvage, metabolism of endogenous mediators such as leukotrienes and prostaglandins, detoxification of xenobiotics including environmentally important compounds and carcinogens, and cellular processes dependent on the oxidation/reduction of glutathione. The enzyme is widely distributed, and these functions often occur in separate tissues and in response to different stimuli. Evidence indicates that gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase plays a direct role in some hepatic and renal responses to injury. In the mouse gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase is a single copy gene expressed from at least seven promoters, and many of the transcribed gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase RNAs are restricted in their expression. Studies that combine analyses of cellular processes with a knowledge of gene structure and expression hold promise for unravelling how these two different levels of function are integrated.
Religion as a Social Control: A Longitudinal Study of Religious Involvement and Substance Use:

The study examines the longitudinal relationship between religious involvement and substance use within emerging adulthood, accounting for changes in religious involvement over time and exploring v...
A framework and case study for integrating household decision-making into post-earthquake recovery models

Abstract Prior empirical research has demonstrated that the decisions of affected populations can significantly influence housing recovery outcomes following a natural hazard event. The current study seeks to develop an integrated post-earthquake recovery model that explicitly accounts for household decision-making. An empirical probabilistic utility-based decision model is developed using data from a survey of Los Angeles households. The results from a multinomial logistic regression showed that the time in residence, neighborhood evacuation level, physical damage to residence, duration of utility disruption and loss of access to the building, household income and earthquake insurance coverage had a statistically significant association with homeowners’ decisions. For renter decision-making, only physical damage to the residence and duration of utility disruption are found to be statistically significant. In addition to household decision-making, the integrated model incorporates probabilistic building performance assessment and a discrete-state stochastic process representation of post-earthquake housing recovery. The results from a case study incorporating three Los Angeles neighborhoods (Koreatown, East Hollywood and Lomita) show that the influence of household decision-making on occupancy-based recovery trajectories is amplified as the scale of damage increases.
Order, please! Uncertainty in the ordinal-level classification of Chlorophyceae.

Background Chlorophyceae is one of three most species-rich green algal classes and also the only class in core Chlorophyta whose monophyly remains uncontested as gene and taxon sampling improves. However, some key relationships within Chlorophyceae are less clear-cut and warrant further investigation. The present study combined genome-scale chloroplast data and rich sampling in an attempt to resolve the ordinal classification in Chlorophyceae. The traditional division into Sphaeropleales and Volvocales (SV), and a clade containing Oedogoniales, Chaetopeltidales, and Chaetophorales (OCC) was of particular interest with the addition of deeply branching members of these groups, as well as the placement of several incertae sedis taxa. Methods We sequenced 18 chloroplast genomes across Chlorophyceae to compile a data set of 58 protein-coding genes of a total of 68 chlorophycean taxa. We analyzed the concatenated nucleotide and amino acid datasets in the Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood frameworks, supplemented by analyses to examine potential discordant signal among genes. We also examined gene presence and absence data across Chlorophyceae. Results Concatenated analyses yielded at least two well-supported phylogenies: nucleotide data supported the traditional classification with the inclusion of the enigmatic Treubarinia into Sphaeropleales sensu lato. However, amino acid data yielded equally strong support for Sphaeropleaceae as sister to Volvocales, with the rest of the taxa traditionally classified in Sphaeropleales in a separate clade, and Treubarinia as sister to all of the above. Single-gene and other supplementary analyses indicated that the data have low phylogenetic signal at these critical nodes. Major clades were supported by genomic structural features such as gene losses and trans-spliced intron insertions in the plastome. Discussion While the sequence and gene order data support the deep split between the SV and OCC lineages, multiple phylogenetic hypotheses are possible for Sphaeropleales s.l. Given this uncertainty as well as the higher-taxonomic disorder seen in other algal groups, dwelling on well-defined, strongly supported Linnaean orders is not currently practical in Chlorophyceae and a less formal clade system may be more useful in the foreseeable future. For example, we identify two strongly and unequivocally supported clades: Treubarinia and Scenedesminia, as well as other smaller groups that could serve a practical purpose as named clades. This system does not preclude future establishment of new orders, or emendment of the current ordinal classification if new data support such conclusions.
Control of the Ovarian Cycle in Cattle

A_rapidly ‘exploding’ world population and an increasing consumer preference for leaner cuts of meat demand rapid improvement in the efficiency of rates of gain in our beef cattle. The development of larger animals with leaner carcasses containing more protein and less fat seems imperative. Accomplishment of these goals within a minimum time requires the use of artificial insemination techniques and maximal utilization of semen from highly selected bulls transmitting the desired characteristics. However, progress in applying artificial insemination to beef cattle has been extremely slow because of the practical problems of carrying out insemination under range conditions and the low conception rates frequently encountered in artificially bred beef animals. Clearly, the development of oestrous cycle synchronization which can be used under practical management conditions could play a major role in facilitating the use of artificial insemination and improved selection techniques in the beef cattle industry. It seems clear that the greatest potential application of artificial cycle regulation is in beef cattle.
A Comparison of Health Disparities Among Americans With Intellectual Disability and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder and Americans With Other Disabilities

Abstract This article uses recent survey data to compare and contrast American adults with intellectual disability (ID) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and those with other disabilities with ...
Moving In and Out of Islam: edited by Karin van Nieuwkerk, Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 2018, 420 pp., US$105.00 (hb), US$34.95 (pb), ISBN 978-1-4773-1747-1 (hb), ISBN 978-1-4773-1748-8 (pb), ISBN 978-1-4773-1749-5 (library e-book), ISBN 978-1-4773-1750-1 (non-library e-book)

In the past 18 years, since the events of 9/11, Islam has attained a prominent place in Western scholarly discourse. Of special interest has been the attraction of Islam among Westerners, a not ins...
Labview programming for internet-based measurements

Advances in networking technologies and the introduction of recent software development tools have made Internet-Based measurements a reality. This paper shows how LabVIEW can be used to perform data acquisition and remotely control hardware devices through the Internet. A front panel displays the real-time results and allows storage of acquired data for later processing. Applications may be monitored and controlled from any web browser, anywhere in the world.
Breaking the Law: Strike Bans and Labor Revitalization in the Red State Revolt

A comparative analysis of the early 2018 statewide educators’ strikes in West Virginia, Arizona, and Oklahoma illustrates the viability of a relatively neglected prescription for revitalizing organ...
Virulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection converts antimicrobial amyloids into cytotoxic prions.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection elicits the production of cytotoxic amyloids from lung endothelium, yet molecular mechanisms of host-pathogen interaction that underlie the amyloid production are not well understood. We examined the importance of type III secretion system (T3SS) effectors in the production of cytotoxic amyloids. P aeruginosa possessing a functional T3SS and effectors induced the production and release of cytotoxic amyloids from lung endothelium, including beta amyloid, and tau. T3SS effector intoxication was sufficient to generate cytotoxic amyloid release, yet intoxication with exoenzyme Y (ExoY) alone or together with exoenzymes S and T (ExoS/T/Y) generated the most virulent amyloids. Infection with lab and clinical strains engendered cytotoxic amyloids that were capable of being propagated in endothelial cell culture and passed to naive cells, indicative of a prion strain. Conversely, T3SS-incompetent P aeruginosa infection produced non-cytotoxic amyloids with antimicrobial properties. These findings provide evidence that (1) endothelial intoxication with ExoY is sufficient to elicit self-propagating amyloid cytotoxins during infection, (2) pulmonary endothelium contributes to innate immunity by generating antimicrobial amyloids in response to bacterial infection, and (3) ExoY contributes to the virulence arsenal of P aeruginosa through the subversion of endothelial amyloid host-defense to promote a lung endothelial-derived cytotoxic proteinopathy.
Abstract P161: Randomized Trial Of Magnesium Glycinate Supplementation And Blood Pressure In Middle-aged Adults

Introduction: Magnesium (Mg) intake is inversely associated with BP and hypertension risk in observational studies. However, short-term randomized trials on seated BP have been inconsistent, with f...
Opicapone: A third generation COMT inhibitor.

Abstract Objective: To provide a drug review of the newly FDA approved catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitor, opicapone, for the use of end-of-motor motor fluctuation in adults with Parkinson’s disease. Data sources: A literature search of Pubmed was performed till May 2020 using the following key terms: opicapone, Ongentys, and BIA 9-1067. Review articles, clinical trials, and drug monographs were reviewed. Study selection and data extraction: Relevant English-language monographs and studies conducted in humans were considered. Data synthesis: Opicapone was FDA approved for the treatment of end-of-motor motor fluctuation in adults with Parkinson’s disease in April 2020 based on two published randomized clinical trials that were 14 to 15 weeks in duration called BIPARK I and BIPARK II. Based on the clinical trials, 50 mg of opicapone once daily was shown to be noninferior to entacapone and reduced the mean off time by about 50 min when compared to placebo. Most common treatment-emergent adverse events were dyskinesia, falls, insomnia, and elevated blood creatine phosphokinase levels. Relevance to patient care and clinical practice: Opicapone overcomes the limitations associated with other COMT inhibitors since it is dosed once daily, well tolerated, and has not been associated with the risk of hepatic failure. When switching from entacapone to opicapone a reduction in “off” time of −39.3 min was also seen. Conclusions: Opicapone is a once daily 3rd generation COMT inhibitor that has the potential to benefit patients with Parkinson’s disease who are experiencing end-of-motor fluctuations.
Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of the Spermatic Cord

We present 3 cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising from the spermatic cord. This tumor occurs rarely in genitourinary organs and only 2 cases involving the spermatic cord have been reported previously. Recurrence rates of approximately 44 per cent of malignant fibrous histiocytoma in other sites are not improved by radiation or chemotherapy as adjuvants or primary means of treatment. Radical inguinal orchiectomy along with wide en bloc local resection is the therapy of choice.
Abstract 16457: Racial/Ethnic Differences in Cardiac Surveillance Evaluation for Cancer Patients Treated With Anthracycline-based Chemotherapy: The Oneflorida Clinical Research Consortium

Introduction: Anthracyclines remain a key treatment for many malignancies but can increase the risk of heart failure or cardiomyopathy. Different guidelines recommend echocardiography (echo) and BN...
Utility of a postoperative hour one intraocular pressure evaluation to predict postoperative day one management changes after uncomplicated pars plana vitrectomy

Purpose : The current COVID-19 pandemic has emphasized the need for streamlining in person office visits while maintaining clinical outcomes and patient safety. Prior studies have shown that an intraocular pressure (IOP) increase at postoperative day one (POD1) is the primary clinical finding necessitating an unexpected management change after uncomplicated pars plana vitrectomy in asymptomatic patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a postoperative hour one (POH1) IOP measurement in the postoperative recovery area can predict a POD1 IOP elevation. Methods : Retrospective chart review was performed at an academic medical center of all cases of uncomplicated pars plana vitrectomy (with or without scleral buckle) for which POH1 IOP was measured between November 2019 and May 2020. The preoperative evaluation, operative report, and POD1 visit were reviewed. Relevant clinical characteristics were recorded including history of glaucoma or ocular hypertension, administration of intraoperative acetazolamide, POH1 IOP, POD1 IOP, and any additional unexpected management changes at the POD1 visit. Results : During the study period, 63 cases of 62 eyes had POH1 IOP evaluated. The most common indications for surgery were rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (61.9%) and macular hole repair (25.4%) After excluding eyes with a history of glaucoma or ocular hypertension, 5 patients had a POD1 IOP measurements over 30mmHg. All of these eyes had a POH1 IOP measurement over 20 mm Hg. No other significant unexpected management changes were prescribed at the POD1 timepoint in asymptomatic eyes. Conclusions : In non-glaucomatous eyes, POHR1 IOP measurements provide a promising tool to predict POD1 IOP elevations that would necessitate changes in management. As a result, POHR1 IOP data may help us streamline postoperative care for asymptomatic patients after uncomplicated vitreoretinal surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Long term outcome of Epilepsy camps in rural India (4150)

Objective: To determine the long term outcome of epilepsy camps a structured, nurse-led telephonic follow-up of epilepsy patients was done for those diagnosed and treated at Epilepsy camps by Epilepsy Foundation of India. Background: Epilepsy foundation of India has been working with the National Health Mission(NHM), state Government of Maharashtra since 2011 to provide comprehensive epilepsy diagnosis, investigations, treatment, rehabilitation and follow-up services across rural Maharashtra to more than 30,000 registered patients. 84 camps have been held across Maharashtra by a Neurologist led Integrated Practice Unit (IPU) of, including neurologists, psychologists, therapists, EEG technicians, nurses, social workers and others. we did a pilot study in using nurse-led telephonic follow-up for treated with epilepsy in these camps in one camp region. Design/Methods: 607 people with epilepsy registered were inducted into our study. We designed a nurse-led structured telephonic engagement protocol to determine seizure outcome and medication compliance. The call was also used to educate the patients. Since September 2018, 155 Patients were followed up once, 153 patients twice and 140 patients three times. A smaller number of patients were even followed up 4 and 5 times (36 and 19patients respectively). Results: The average call duration per follow-up was 3.6 minutes. A total of 1462 calls were made out of which 774 calls connected with patients. During the follow-up, 75.05% of patients were seizure-free in the previous month. Treatment compliance by patients over the year was an average of 90.92% (89.5% of patients at first follow-up, 91.27% of patients at second follow-up, 92.08 of patients at third follow-up). Average patient feedback on the usefulness of telephonic follow-up services was 4.3 out of 5 in 1 year . Conclusions: Epilepsy treatment camps in rural India provided longterm benefit to patients and model could be implemented for rural camps, the regular call provided better adherence to treatment as indicated Disclosure: Dr. Surya has nothing to disclose.
Bounding the edge cover of a hypergraph

Let $H=(V,E)$ be a hypergraph. Let $C\subseteq E$, then $C$ is an {\it edge cover}, or a {\it set cover}, if $\cup_{e\in C} \{v|v\in e\}=V$. A subset of vertices $X$ is {\it independent} in $H,$ if no two vertices in $X$ are in any edge. Let $c(H)$ and $\alpha(H)$ denote the cardinalities of a smallest edge cover and largest independent set in $H$, respectively. We show that $c(H)\le {\hat m}(h)c(H)$, where ${\hat m}(H)$ is a parameter called the {\it mighty degeneracy} of $H$. Furthermore, we show that the inequality is tight and demonstrate the applications in domination theory.
Current Formulations of the Actual Elements of Speech

One unit has been admitted on every hand: the breath group. Sweet, Rousselot, E. W. Scripture, all assume that there is no justification for the subdivision of this phrase; they count words, syllables, “sounds” as fictitious divisions having no real existence.
Superlattices: New Semiconductor Materials

The possibility of producing man-made structures with very novel properties is discussed. To illustrate some of the possibilities, we consider the HgTe-CdTe superlattice, the strained-layer superlattice, and the transport through thin barrier layers.
Effects of Sulfation of Taurolithocholic and Glycolithocholic Acids on their Intestinal Transport

The intestinal transport of the 3-α-sulfate esters of glycolithocholic and taurolithocholic acids was studied in an animal model (guinea pig). Absorption of these compounds was by active transport and was limited to the ileum. This contrasts with the nonsulfated compounds which can be reabsorbed from all sections of the small bowel. Absorption of the nonsulfated compounds was greater in the distal region, probably reflecting two processes: (1) active absorption and (2) passive diffusion. In the proximal regions, only passive diffusion occurred. Ileal transport of sulfated taurolithocholate was depressed by the presence of sodium taurocholate. These results support the concept that sulfation of the potentially toxic lithocholic acid bile salts could curtail their intestinal absorption and enhance their fecal elimination rates.
Testing disjointness of private datasets

Two parties, say Alice and Bob, possess two sets of elements that belong to a universe of possible values and wish to test whether these sets are disjoint or not. In this paper we consider the above problem in the setting where Alice and Bob wish to disclose no information to each other about their sets beyond the single bit: “whether the intersection is empty or not.” This problem has many applications in commercial settings where two mutually distrustful parties wish to decide with minimum possible disclosure whether there is any overlap between their private datasets. We present three protocols that solve the above problem that meet different efficiency and security objectives and data representation scenarios. Our protocols are based on Homomorphic encryption and in our security analysis, we consider the semi-honest setting as well as the malicious setting. Our most efficient construction for a large universe in terms of overall communication complexity uses a new encryption primitive that we introduce called “superposed encryption.” We formalize this notion and provide a construction that may be of independent interest. For dealing with the malicious adversarial setting we take advantage of recent efficient constructions of Universally-Composable commitments based on verifiable encryption as well as zero-knowledge proofs of language membership.
Tables of the casella and strawderman (1980) critical points for use in multiple comparisons with a control in response surface methodology

Casella and Strawderman (1980) provide a method to find the critical points for constructing exact (1−α)100% confidence bands for a regression function over certain subsets of the predictor space. They provide a table of squared upper−α percentage points, c2, under known σ2. For the case of unknown variance they provide expressions for coverage probability, but no tables. Both theorems in their section 5 on unknown variance have minor errors, but they would affect the solutions without doubt. In this paper, the correct version of both of the theorems used to find the critical pointsfor unknown σ2 are provided, along with tables of the squared upper-α percentage points c2 for use in a specific application, multiple
Performance analysis of non-orthogonal MT-FSK systems with degraded branch statistics

The authors analyze the performance degradation of a MT-FSK (multiple-tone frequency-shift keying) scheme based on Steiner designs on a Rayleigh fading channel with degraded branches. Two cases are shown, a fading channel with correlated branches and a fading channel with unequal average signal-to-noise ratio per branch. These two impairments are shown to decrease the effective diversity; however, improvements are still observed over conventional MFSK. >
Designing displays for flexibility and conformal shaping

Research on flexible electronics dates back three decades, and research on flexible displays two decades, but the industrial integration of flexibility into displays is only at its beginning. This article shows how these challenges are approached today and which principles govern the development of flexible optoelectronic surfaces.
Beyond the Cartesian Self

I review a number of approaches that attempt to deal with the gap that seems to exist between first-person and third-person accounts of consciousness, and some of the conceptual, epistemological, and methodological issues that surround this distinction. I argue, with reference to Carnap and Schrodinger, that one cannot simply reduce data from the first-person perspective to third-person data, without remainder, especially when the very subject matter of the science includes the first-person perspective.
Isolation of Candida Protoplasts from a Case of Candida Endocarditis

Rosner, Richard (St. Joseph9s Hospital, Paterson, N.J.). Isolation of Candida protoplasts from a case of Candida endocarditis. J. Bacteriol. 91:1320–1326. 1966.—A case of endocarditis caused by Candida tropicalis is described. Even though the patient was receiving adequate therapy, and all routine blood cultures were negative for growth, the patient continued to give clinical evidence of active, progressive endocarditis. The isolation of osmotically fragile bodies from blood cultures placed in an osmotically controlled medium is described in detail. The role of these bodies, called protoplasts, in the active disease process of this patient is discussed in relation to the criteria for the implication of protoplasts in the disease process. Several explanations as to what caused the in vivo formation of protoplasts of C. tropicalis in this patient are discussed. Images
Chapter 16 Credit rationing

Publisher Summary Credit markets differ from standard markets in two important respects. First, standard markets, which are the focus of classical competitive theory, involve a number of agents who are buying and selling a homogeneous commodity. Second, in standard markets, the delivery of a commodity by a seller and payment for the commodity by a buyer occur simultaneously. The analysis of credit allocation can go astray in trying to apply the standard supply and demand model that is not very appropriate for the market for promises. In the United States, a complicated, decentralized, and interrelated set of financial markets, institutions, and instruments have evolved to provide credit. Credit rationing focuses on one set of these instruments—loan contracts—where the promised repayments are fixed amounts. At the other extreme, equity securities are promises to repay a given fraction of a firm's profits. A spectrum of securities, including convertible bonds and preferred shares, exists between loans and equity.
This can't be stressed enough: The contribution of select environmental toxicants to disruption of the stress circuitry and response.

Abstract Integration of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and the limbic system through glucocorticoid signaling is imperative in initiating and regulating a suitable stress response following real or perceived threats. Dysfunction of these circuits that results in a persistent or inhibited glucocorticoid secretion can severely affect processing of stressful experiences and lead to risk for developing further psychiatric pathology. Exposure to toxic chemicals found in our environment, including pesticides, metals, and industrial compounds, have been shown to have significant impact on neurological health and disease. Indeed, studies have begun to identify the HPA axis and limbic system as potential targets of many of these environmental chemicals, suggesting a possible environmental risk for damage to the stress circuit and response to stressful stimuli. This review will focus on our current understanding of the impact exposure to environmental toxicants, including bisphenol A and lead, has on the synaptic physiology of the HPA axis and limbic system and how this contributes to an alteration in behavior output. Further, this discussion will provide a starting point to continue to couple novel toxicological and neurological approaches to elaborate our understanding of the influence of environmental chemicals on the stress response and pathology.
Managed Utility Computing: The Grid as Management Backplane

Enterprise IT exhibits increasingly complex networked systems and distributed applications, making the task of an IT operator or administrator exceedingly difficult. We argue in the keynote associated with this paper for the necessity of a clean, standardized, service-centric software architecture to automate and facilitate operator tasks throughout the life-cycle of systems and applications. We refer to the proposed solution as ’managed utility computing,’ since it enables utility computing while improving manageability. The proposed architecture is a web services based ’grid’ architecture, with targeted management extensions. This short note argues that this architecture is also necessary and appropriate as backplane for traditional management software (irrespective of the utility computing context), to support increasingly complex management tasks for increasingly complex systems.
National Pain Strategy Task Force: The Strategic Plan for the IOM Pain Report

Last month I summarized our work to develop the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, Relieving Pain in America: A Blueprint for Transforming Prevention, Care, Education, and Research , which was released in June 2011 and is freely available at: http://www.iom.edu/Reports/2011/Relieving-Pain-in-America-A-Blueprint-for-transforming-Prevention-Care-Education-Research.aspx. What has happened since then in the call for a cultural transformation of pain care, education, and research? A lot. And that is the topic of this President's Message. Following the IOM report, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) formed the Interagency Pain Research Coordinating Committee (IPRCC). The IPRCC comprises federal and nonfederal members charged with enhancing pain research efforts and promoting collaboration across all levels of the government, with the twin goals of advancing the fundamental understanding of pain and improving pain-related treatment strategies. I served as a founding member of that group until late last year. In essence, the IPRCC's activities are an outgrowth of the research recommendations from the IOM report. Lead by Dr. Story Landis (NIH National Institutes of Neurological Diseases and Stroke), the IPRCC has currently worked to catalog all NIH/federal grants to identify gaps in research funding and …
Control of Ca2+ efflux and cyclic AMP by 5-Hydroxytryptamine and dopamine in analone gill

Abstract 5-Hydroxytrptamine increased the rate of Ca 2+ efflux and the concentration of endogenous cyclic AMP in abalone gill in both 10 mM and 50 mM CaCl 2 concentrations externally. Dopamine decreased the rate of Ca 2+ efflux in 50 mM CaCl 2 but slightly increased the efflux rate in 10 mM CaCl 2 . At both external Ca 2+ concentrations, dopamine increased the endogenous cyclic AMP concentration in the gill. 5-Hydroxytryptamine but not dopamine was found to activate adenylate cyclase in broken cell preparations of abalone gill. Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity was also demonstrated in homogenate fractions of abalone gill. It is suggested that both Ca 2+ and cyclic AMP act as second messengers in the response of abalone gill to 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine.
Heterogeneity of schizophrenia: a study of individual neuropsychological profiles

Based on a strategy developed by Seidman et al. (Seidman, L.J., Faraone, S.V., Kremen, W.S., Pepple, J.R., Lyons, M.J., Tsuang, M.T., 1993. Neuropsychological dysfunctions in the non-psychotic first-degree relatives of schizophrenic patients, Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Research and Psychopathology. Chicago, IL) we examined neuropsychological heterogeneity in schizophrenia using clinical neuropsychological descriptions of individual cases as the starting point. We blindly rated neuropsychological profiles of 74 schizophrenia patients and 91 normal controls based primarily on prototypes from the clinical literature in neuropsychology. Patients were classified as having the following profile types: within normal limits (WNL) (23%, n=17), frontal/abstraction (46%, n=34), widespread/diffuse (14%, n=10), left temporal/verbal memory (8%, n=6) and other (9%, n=7). As expected based on our classification scheme, the groups had different profile shapes (group x function interactions). They were also significantly different from one another in terms of overall severity (main effects); however, severity differences were not inherent in the definition of all groups. Longer duration of illness and greater overall cognitive impairment were observed as one went from the left temporal to the frontal to the widespread groups. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether the different neuropsychological profiles reflect true subgroup differences or within-person change over time. Further research-probably including neuroimaging and genetic studies-will also be needed to determine the validity and the utility of this strategy for identifying neuropsychological profile types.