cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
From RandomBuzzers to Figment: Teens’ Affective and Immaterial Labor

Chapter 3 is a case study of Random House’s RandomBuzzers.com (RandomBuzzers, 2011) website. This early participatory site dedicated to the publisher’s teen consumers adds user-generated peer-to-peer reviews to the tradition of librarian-based reviews in journals such as Kirkus, School Library Journal, Publishers Weekly, and the Horn Book. On this site, teens received free advance review copies of young adult books in exchange for writing reviews of such titles. Participating teens received “Buzz Bucks,” a currency earned for their affective labor, which could be used on the site to buy Random House products (such as more books), and were awarded with badges they could display with their user profiles (a form of cultural capital). Using RandomBuzzers.com as a case study, this chapter examines how technology enables a convergence of reader and critic. At the time of the research, several publishers developed interactive sites for teens with a focus on peer-to-peer reviewing, including Little, Brown’s Hip Scouts (LB Teens, n.d.) and Simon and Schuster’s Pulse It (Pulse It, 2009). RandomBuzzers was chosen for this study because it was more sophisticated than the others—especially because it offered a form of payment to its participants.
Sponsorship: Linking Resources, Legitimacy and Institutions

It has become almost a truism to acknowledge that the primary foreign policy problems faced by governments have become overwhelmingly transnational in scope — from pandemics and climate change to proliferation, terrorism, and clandestine migratory flows. As a consequence, the breadth of policy problems, their complexity, and the character of suitable responses have all altered. Formerly, the size and scope of the US economy, its relative geographic isolation, and its disproportionate military capability meant that it was relatively insulated from global forces and it could often pass on the costs of adjustment to other states, whether through trade protection, an overvalued dollar, or the demand for “burden-sharing” in times of crisis.
Regeneration and Retention of Acquired Information

In the present paper consideration will be given to the question of whether acquired habits can survive the process of tissue renewal in planarians. Regeneration involves retention in the sense that the tissue which is regrown is a replication of what was lost; cellular differentiation and specification proceeds until former structural and functional systems are restored. As to acquired information, we might ask whether this class of events is also established in systems which are perpetuated during regeneration. If so, then it is reasonable to assume that memory involves physiological substrates which are replicated and that the nature of these substrates might be delineated by effecting changes in specific components of the regenerative process.
The Effects of Nicotine and Nicotine Abstinence on Stress-Induced Cardiovascular Reactivity

Abstract. The effects of 12 hr nicotine administration and abstinence on stress-induced cardiovascular reactivity were assessed within Light/Intermittent cigarette smokers and Habitual cigarette smokers. One hundred thirty-two male smokers (66 Habitual, 66 Light/Intermittent) were assigned to a Nicotine (21 mg) or Placebo patch condition. Cardiovascular reactivity was assessed during Baseline, a 6-min mental arithmetic task (Paced Auditory Serial Arithmetic Task) and a 5-min mirror-tracing task (Star Mirror Tracing Task). Within the Nicotine condition, Light/Intermittent smokers showed greater cardiac output (CO) increases, smaller stroke volume decreases, and smaller total peripheral resistance (TPR) increases than Light/Intermittent smokers in the Placebo condition. No condition differences in cardiovascular reactivity were demonstrated for Habitual smokers. Light/Intermittent smokers also showed greater CO increases than Habitual smokers during the mirror-tracing task but during the Nicotine condition ...
Optically sectioned wide-field fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy enabled by structured illumination

In this paper, we demonstrate the ability of structured illumination microscopy to enhance the ability of fluorescence lifetime imaging to resolve fluorescence lifetimes in relatively thick samples that possess distinct but spectrally overlapping fluorescent layers. Structured illumination fluorescent lifetime imaging microscopy (SI-FLIM) is shown to be able to accurately reconstruct lifetime values in homogenous fluorophore samples (POPOP, NADH, and FAD) as well as accurately measure fluorescent lifetime in two layer models that are layered with NADH/FAD over POPOP, where NADH/FAD and POPOP have spectral overlap. Finally, the ability of SI-FLIM was demonstrated in a hamster cheek pouch ex vivo to show that more accurate lifetimes could be measured for each layer of interest in the oral mucosa (epithelium and submucosa).
From college to the NBA: what determines a player’s success and what characteristics are NBA franchises overlooking?

Considering NBA players who were drafted between 2006 and 2013, the author analyses the determinants of draft position, playing time and player productivity. By comparing these factors simultaneous...
Surgical Resection and Histopathological Analysis of a Thrombosed Giant Fusiform MCA Aneurysm After Initial Treatment with a Flow Diversion Construct.

Background We describe the histopathology of an unruptured giant calcified left middle cerebral artery (MCA) fusiform aneurysm initially treated with endovascular flow diversion. The flow diversion construct underwent postoperative in-stent thrombosis, necessitating surgical resection of the aneurysm to eliminate mass effect. Methods A 75-year-old woman with a known left MCA aneurysm presented to the emergency department with moderate right hemibody weakness. Owing to the clinical and radiographic progression of the aneurysm, the patient was offered treatment. She was initially offered open surgical management of the lesion but declined it, indicating that she would consider only endovascular treatment. The patient underwent endovascular reconstruction of the aneurysmal segment with an overlapping pipeline construct. Postoperatively, the patient experienced in-stent thrombosis of the pipeline construct. The thrombosed aneurysm exerted a progressive local mass effect, necessitating en bloc surgical resection of the aneurysm and stent construct. The aneurysm was submitted for pathological analysis, which demonstrated chronologically older thrombus outside the flow diversion construct. Results Postsurgical imaging demonstrated a left MCA territory stroke. The patient gradually gained strength in her right hemibody. The histopathological analysis indicated that the degrees of platelet activation and clot formation in this case were dependent on the aggregate surface area of the thrombus and surface area of the pipeline device used in the reconstruction. Conclusions This technical report with histopathological analysis provides useful insight into the mechanism of aneurysmal thrombosis after flow diversion. It also raises new questions regarding the roles of thrombus formation, platelet aggregation, and stent construct surface area in the maintenance of vessel patency.
Predicting and understanding law-making with word vectors and an ensemble model.

Out of nearly 70,000 bills introduced in the U.S. Congress from 2001 to 2015, only 2,513 were enacted. We developed a machine learning approach to forecasting the probability that any bill will become law. Starting in 2001 with the 107th Congress, we trained models on data from previous Congresses, predicted all bills in the current Congress, and repeated until the 113th Congress served as the test. For prediction we scored each sentence of a bill with a language model that embeds legislative vocabulary into a high-dimensional, semantic-laden vector space. This language representation enables our investigation into which words increase the probability of enactment for any topic. To test the relative importance of text and context, we compared the text model to a context-only model that uses variables such as whether the bill’s sponsor is in the majority party. To test the effect of changes to bills after their introduction on our ability to predict their final outcome, we compared using the bill text and meta-data available at the time of introduction with using the most recent data. At the time of introduction context-only predictions outperform text-only, and with the newest data text-only outperforms context-only. Combining text and context always performs best. We conducted a global sensitivity analysis on the combined model to determine important variables predicting enactment.
Using an Acculturation‐Stress‐Resilience Framework to Explore Latent Profiles of Latina/o Language Brokers

With survey data from 243 Latina/o early adolescent language brokers, latent profile analyses were conducted to identify different types (i.e., profiles) of brokers. Profiles were based on how often Latina/o early adolescents brokered for family members, as well as their levels of family-based acculturation stress, negative brokering beliefs, parentification, and positive brokering beliefs. Three brokering profiles emerged: (1) infrequent-ambivalents, (2) occasional-moderates, and (3) parentified-endorsers. Profile membership was significantly predicted by ethnic identification and brokering in a medical context. Respect, brokering at school, and brokering at home did not significantly predict profile membership. In addition, parentified-endorsers had more frequent perceived ethnic/racial discrimination and depressive symptoms than other profiles. In contrast, infrequent-ambivalents engaged in risky behaviors less frequently than other profiles.
Privacy vs Multimedia Verification: A Conundrum

This document summarizes the author's keynote at the 1st International Workshop on Multimedia Verification at the ACM Multimedia Conference, October 23 - 27, 2017 Mountain View, CA, USA.
Recurrent Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Infratemporal Fossa

PET/MR imaging provides excellent evaluation of the infratemporal space with depiction of perineural spread along the trigeminal nerve. This case illustrates recurrent rhabdomyosarcoma in the infratemporal fossa.
High spatial resolution time-of-flight imaging

Continuous wave time-of-flight (ToF) cameras have been rapidly gaining widespread adoption in many applications due to their cost effectiveness, simplicity, and compact size. However, the current generation of ToF cameras suffers from low spatial resolution due to physical fabrication limitations. In this paper, we propose an imaging architecture to achieve high spatial resolution ToF imaging using optical multiplexing and compressive sensing (CS). Our approach is based on the observation that, while depth is non-linearly related to ToF pixel measurements, a phasor representation of captured images results in a linear image formation model. We utilize this property to develop a CS-based technique that is used to recover high resolution 3D images. Based on the proposed architecture, we developed a prototype 1-megapixel compressive ToF camera that achieves as much as 4 x improvement in spatial resolution. We believe that our proposed architecture provides a simple and low-cost solution to improve the spatial resolution of ToF and related sensors.
Using Advanced Continuous Simulation Language (ACSL) to simulate, solve, and fit mathematical models in nutrition.

‘Advanced Continuous Simulation Language’ (ACSL; AEgis Technologies, Hunts-ville, AL) is a Fortran-based language that can be used to build, run, and evaluate biological models as well as to fit and optimize parameters. In this paper, two models will used to illustrate the functionality of ACSL: a blood/bile model presented in the MLAB User’s Guide (1997) and a rumen model developed by France et al. (1982). These two problems will be used to demonstrate building a model, defining experimental observations, simulating and solving models, and evaluating results using ACSL.
Food insecurity, comorbidity, and mobility limitations among older U.S. adults: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study and Health Care and Nutrition Study.

Abstract Both food insecurity and comorbidity have been identified as precursors to functional limitation in older adults, yet whether food insecurity modifies the progression from chronic disease to disability has not been assessed. We examined 5986 respondents age 50 and older drawn from the 2012–2014 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and 2013 Health Care and Nutrition Study (HCNS). Mobility limitations reported in 2014 and change in mobility limitations from 2012 to 2014 were regressed on measures of food insecurity, number of chronic conditions, and their interaction terms using Poisson regression. Around 17.3% of the sample was identified as food insecure. In 2012, respondents reported an average of 1.9 (SD = 1.5) chronic conditions and 2.4 mobility limitations (SD = 3.0). In 2014, individuals reported an average of 2.5 (SD = 3.1) mobility limitations. Food insecurity was associated with a greater number of mobility limitations (IRR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.11–1.29, p
Normalized Thermal Conductivity of Amorphous Solids

Thermal conduction in amorphous dielectrics is not understood. It is established that, for temperatures less than 10 K, thermal transport is provided by thermal phonons [1]. Therefore, in the Debye approximation, a scaled thermal conductivity may be defined as $$ \kappa /K = {\left( {T/\theta } \right)^3}\int\limits_0^{{\theta /T}} {\left( {k\theta } \right)\left( {\tau /h} \right){x^4}{e^x}{{\left( {{e^x} - 1} \right)}^{{ - 2}}}dx} $$ (1) where \( K = 4\pi {k^3}{\theta^2}/{h^2}v,\,\,x = h\nu /kT \), k and h are the Boltzmann and Planck constants and θ is the Debye temperature. For a crystal, θ may be calculated using known atomic units and bulk properties, but for glasses, there is no well defined procedure for calculating θ [2]. Nevertheless, the values of θ needed to bring the scaled conductivities [3–10] into common register as in Fig. 1, agree to within 40% with those computed for a “simple” unit of the glass (e.g. SiO2 for vitreous silica). Similar scaled conductivities may be computed for glassy metals and some disordered crystals [11]. The scaled conductivities in Fig. 1 differ significantly only in the range 10–2 ≲ T/θ ≲ 10–1, commonly referred to as the “plateau” region.
The United States Market for Fresh Fruits and Vegetables

The United States market for fresh fruits and vegetables has been radically transformed over the past 40 years. Changes in population, in economic conditions, in life-styles, and eating habits have had their impact on the quantity of these products produced and consumed, where and in what form they were purchased, and the prices consumers paid. In recent years there has been a great expansion in sales of fresh fruits and vegetables, especially of the unusual and formerly unfamiliar ones. While the market for most products has expanded, it has declined for others. Fresh fruits and vegetables today enjoy great popularity among some segments of the population. Prospects are for increased total consumption of a wide variety of fresh produce items, especially unusual and exotic ones, in the future.
Alto: lightweight VMs using virtualization-aware managed runtimes

Virtualization enables datacenter operators to safely run computations that belong to untrusted tenants. An ideal virtual machine has three properties: a small memory footprint; strong isolation from other VMs and the host OS; and the ability to maintain in-memory state across client requests. Unfortunately, modern virtualization technologies cannot provide all three properties at once. In this paper, we explain why, and propose a new virtualization approach, called Alto, that virtualizes at the layer of a managed runtime interface. Through careful design of (1) the application-facing managed interface and (2) the internal runtime architecture, Alto provides VMs that are small, secure, and stateful. Conveniently, Alto also simplifies VM operations like suspension, migration, and resumption. We provide several details about the proposed design, and discuss the remaining challenges that must be solved to fully realize the Alto vision.
Statewide Implementation of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Psychosis Through a Learning Collaborative Model

Abstract Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Psychosis (CBTp) is an evidence-based psychotherapeutic intervention (EBPI) for adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorders that remains under-implemented in the United States (U.S.). There has been little empirical attention on implementation and dissemination strategies for this EBPI. The Learning Collaborative (LC) model is a method of implementing evidence-based practices across agencies and geographic regions that may facilitate CBTp implementation and dissemination in the US. We applied the LC model in an attempt to enhance the accessibility of CBTp in community mental health settings statewide. Providers (N = 56) from 12 agencies voluntarily participated in an in-person, CBTp workshop followed by 6 months of biweekly phone-based consultation sessions (Phase 1). Twenty-one providers opted to participate in an additional 6-month CBTp LC immediately following completion of the initial CBTp LC (Phase 2). Adoption, penetration, provider-perceived skill development, fidelity, as well as provider-perceived implementation barriers were re-assessed during and 6 months after completion of Phase 2. One year after the completion of the Phase 2 LC, 21% of the original trainee group across 3 of the 12 participating agencies continued to offer CBTp to clients. CBTp trainees were treating between one and two clients each. Self-assessed CBTp skills improved modestly over the Phase 2 consultation period. On average, both clinicians and supervisors reached an acceptable fidelity score on the sessions reviewed. Participating providers identified multiple barriers to CBTp implementation, including features of the training and consultation, the agency, the intervention itself, and psychosocial and clinical challenges associated with the client population. Few CBTp implementation studies have applied a framework to CBTp implementation. The authors adapted the LC model in an attempt to promote adoption of CBTp in community mental health clinics across a large, populous state with poor access to mental health services. Identified challenges and recommendations should be considered in future implementation efforts.
Coinsurance within Business Groups: Evidence from Related Party Transactions in an Emerging Market

Using novel transaction-level data on Chinese business groups, this study investigates the coinsurance effect of business groups. A business group member will receive support from its parent firm i...
Population projections for U.S. counties by age, sex, and race controlled to shared socioeconomic pathway.

Small area and subnational population projections are important for understanding long-term demographic changes. I provide county-level population projections by age, sex, and race in five-year intervals for the period 2020–2100 for all U.S. counties. Using historic U.S. census data in temporally rectified county boundaries and race groups for the period 1990–2015, I calculate cohort-change ratios (CCRs) and cohort-change differences (CCDs) for eighteen five-year age groups (0–85+ ), two sex groups (Male and Female), and four race groups (White NH, Black NH, Other NH, Hispanic) for all U.S counties. I then project these CCRs/CCDs using ARIMA models as inputs into Leslie matrix population projection models and control the projections to the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. I validate the methods using ex-post facto evaluations using data from 1969–2000 to project 2000–2015. My results are reasonably accurate for this period. These data have numerous potential uses and can serve as inputs for addressing questions involving sub-national demographic change in the United States. Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data (ISA-Tab format)
Total Adipose Retinol Concentrations Are Correlated with Total Liver Retinol Concentrations in Male Mongolian Gerbils, but Only Partially Explained by Chylomicron Deposition Assessed with Total α-Retinol.

Background Liver vitamin A (VA) concentration is the gold standard for VA status, but is not routinely accessible. Adipose tissue VA concentrations, as retinol and retinyl esters, may be correlated to liver VA. α-VA (as α-retinol) is a cleavage product of α-carotene that traces postprandial VA distribution to tissues but cannot recirculate from hepatic stores, providing insight into tissue VA sources. Objective We performed a secondary analysis of VA and α-VA in Mongolian gerbil liver and adipose to determine the suitability of adipose tissue VA as a biomarker of VA status. Methods Gerbils (n = 186) consumed feeds containing 0-15.9 μg (0-55.6 nmol) retinol activity equivalents/g as preformed VA and/or provitamin A carotenoids for 36-62 d in 3 studies. Body fat percentage was determined in the final study by MRI. Serum and liver retinol, α-retinol, and retinyl esters were extracted and analyzed by HPLC or ultra-performance LC (UPLC). Epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose tissue retinol and α-retinol were determined by UPLC after homogenization, saponification, and extraction. Linear regression models with appropriate data transformations identified determinants of adipose VA concentrations. Results Liver VA did not predict serum retinol concentrations. After logarithmic transformation of adipose and liver values, liver VA positively predicted both adipose depots' VA concentrations (P 0.7). Adding serum retinol or body fat percentage did not significantly increase the adjusted R 2. In liver, α-VA concentration explained much of the variation of VA (P 0.7), but far less in epididymal and retroperitoneal adipose (P = 0.004 and 0.012, respectively, R 2 Conclusions Adipose VA is correlated with liver VA and is a potential biomarker of VA status. It is not fully explained by chylomicron deposition and is negatively affected by serum retinol. Adipose biopsy validation is needed for human applications.
Hybrid Planning for Dynamic Multimodal Stochastic Shortest Paths.

Sequential decision problems in applications such as manipulation in warehouses, multi-step meal preparation, and routing in autonomous vehicle networks often involve reasoning about uncertainty, planning over discrete modes as well as continuous states, and reacting to dynamic updates. To formalize such problems generally, we introduce a class of Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) called Dynamic Multimodal Stochastic Shortest Paths (DMSSPs). Much of the work in these domains solves deterministic variants, which can yield poor results when the uncertainty has downstream effects. We develop a Hybrid Stochastic Planning (HSP) algorithm, which uses domain-agnostic abstractions to efficiently unify heuristic search for planning over discrete modes, approximate dynamic programming for stochastic planning over continuous states, and hierarchical interleaved planning and execution. In the domain of autonomous multimodal routing, HSP obtains significantly higher quality solutions than a state-of-the-art Upper Confidence Trees algorithm and a two-level Receding Horizon Control algorithm.
Runtime Verification of Parametric Properties Using SMEDL

Parametric properties are typical properties to be checked in runtime verification (RV). As a common technique for parametric monitoring, trace slicing divides an execution trace into a set of sub traces which are checked against non-parametric base properties. An efficient trace slicing algorithm is implemented in MOP. Another RV technique, QEA further allows for nested use of universal and existential quantification over parameters. In this paper, we present a methodology for parametric monitoring using the RV framework SMEDL. Trace slicing algorithm in MOP can be expressed by execution of a set of SMEDL monitors. Moreover, the semantics of nested quantifiers is encoded by a hierarchy of monitors for aggregating verdicts of sub traces. Through case studies, we demonstrate that SMEDL provides a natural way to monitor parametric properties with more potentials for flexible deployment and optimizations.
Validation of the craving scale in a large sample of adults with substance use disorders.

Abstract Valid and reliable measures of craving are essential for both clinical practice and research. Brief measures are particularly valuable for clinical and research settings in which assessment burden needs to be minimized. The Craving Scale is a 3-item measure of craving that has been previously validated in cocaine-dependent samples. This brief measure has also demonstrated predictive validity in both alcohol and opioid use disorder; however, its psychometric properties in these disorders are not well characterized. The aim of this paper was to extend prior psychometric analyses of the Craving Scale to a large sample of adults seeking treatment for substance use disorders (N = 1,283). Analyses of readability indicated that the Craving Scale was written between a 7-8th grade reading level and had minimal grammatical complexity. The Craving Scale demonstrated strong internal consistency reliability (omega = 0.81), a single-factor latent structure, and adequate concurrent and discriminant validity. Importantly, results were similar when analyses were run separately for alcohol and opioid craving and in men and women, supporting measure invariance across these key groups. Our results provide further support for the reliability and validity of the Craving Scale for use in people with substance use disorders.
Serendipity as a Curricular Approach to Early Childhood Art Education

Figure 1. Embodied entanglements between children, paint, luan board, and ketchup and mustard bottles.This article explores how the notion of a serendipitous curriculum relates to young children’s ...
Racial Preferences in COVID-19 Vaccination: Legal and Practical Implications

The severity of COVID-19 and the limited supply of vaccines poses a pressing question: Who should receive priority for the vaccine? Many experts support the controversial plan to prioritize black and Hispanic people. For justification they point to the highly disparate health outcomes minorities experience from COVID-19 that are rooted in historical racial injustice. However, such racial classifications implicate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. This Article analyzes the potential outcome of such an equal protection challenge. It explains why strict scrutiny would be the controlling legal standard even though the issue has never been adjudicated by the Supreme Court in a health care context. Next, it considers how the existence of alternative vaccine distribution policies violate the narrowly tailored requirement. It considers the analogous case law of affirmative action in college admissions, in which the use of racial preferences is well established. And it considers alternative vaccine distribution plans that do not utilize racial preferences and how even they are susceptible to legal challenges. This Article further addresses pragmatic implications that would tangentially affect the legal determinations. These implications include potential counterproductive results of racial preferences, such as increased skepticism among the most vulnerable that they are being used as guinea pigs, a stigmatizing effect that could be used by white supremacist groups to promote a perceived martyrdom status, and the dangerous conflation of disparate health outcomes with genetic superiority and inferiority. These issues are considered against the backdrop of a changing Supreme Court, which has shown a willingness to diverge from established precedent regarding racial preferences.
Activation of Basolateral Amygdala to Nucleus Accumbens Projection Neurons Attenuates Chronic Corticosterone-Induced Behavioral Deficits in Male Mice

The basolateral amygdala (BLA) is critical for reward behaviors via a projection to the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Specifically, BLA-NAc projections are involved in reinforcement learning, reward-seeking, sustained instrumental responding, and risk behaviors. However, it remains unclear whether chronic stress interacts with BLA-NAc projection neurons to result in maladaptive behaviors. Here we take a chemogenetic, projection-specific approach to clarify how NAc-projecting BLA neurons affect avoidance, reward, and feeding behaviors in male mice. Then, we examine whether chemogenetic activation of NAc-projecting BLA neurons attenuates the maladaptive effects of chronic corticosterone (CORT) administration on these behaviors. CORT mimics the behavioral and neural effects of chronic stress exposure. We found a nuanced role of BLA-NAc neurons in mediating reward behaviors. Surprisingly, activation of BLA-NAc projections rescues CORT-induced deficits in the novelty suppressed feeding, a behavior typically associated with avoidance. Activation of BLA-NAc neurons also increases instrumental reward-seeking without affecting free-feeding in chronic CORT mice. Taken together, these data suggest that NAc-projecting BLA neurons are involved in chronic CORT-induced maladaptive reward and motivation behaviors.
Development of soybean experimental lines with enhanced protein and sulfur amino acid content.

Abstract Soybean is the preferred protein source for both poultry and swine feed. However, this preferred status is being challenged due to competition from alternative feed ingredients. To overcome this, it becomes necessary for breeders to develop soybean cultivars that contain higher protein and better nutritional composition. In this study, we have developed experimental soybean lines that not only contain significantly higher amounts of protein but also improved sulfur amino acid content. This objective was achieved by crossing a O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase (OASS) overexpressing transgenic soybean line with elevated levels of sulfur amino acid content (CS) with a high protein Korean soybean cultivar (Lee 5). Introgression of high protein and overexpression of OASS was monitored in the experimental lines at each successive generation (F2-F6) by measuring protein content and OASS activity. The average protein content of transgenic CS and Lee 5 seeds were 34.8 % and 44.7 %, while in the experimental soybean lines the protein content ranged from 41.3 %–47.7 %, respectively. HPLC and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry analyses revealed that all the experimental lines developed in this study contained significantly higher amounts of sulfur containing amino acids and elemental sulfur in the seeds. The sulfur amino acid (cysteine + methionine) content of the experimental lines ranged from 1.1 % to 1.26 % while the parents Lee 5 and CS had 0.79 % and 1.1 %, respectively. SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis demonstrated that the accumulation of Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor and lunasin, two sulfur amino acid rich peptides, were elevated in experimental soybean lines. High-resolution 2D-gel electrophoresis and Delta2D gel analysis validated that an overall increase in the different subunits of 7S β-conglycinin and 11S glycinin were mainly responsible for the observed increase in the total amount of protein in experimental lines.
Evolving Scalp Lesions in an 8-day-old Infant.

1. Hillary Spencer, MD, MPH* 2. Ritu Banerjee, MD, PhD* 1. *Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN An 8-day old girl is referred to the emergency department (ED) by her pediatrician with concern for an infected scalp lesion. The birth history is notable for a pregnancy complicated by obesity and severe pre-eclampsia. The infant was born at 37 weeks’ and 5 days’ gestation following 3 days of latent labor and 10 hours of active labor prior to conversion to cesarean delivery due to arrest of dilation. There was no scalp electrode monitoring before delivery nor known scalp trauma sustained during the cesarean delivery. Maternal group B streptococcus screening was positive, and adequate penicillin prophylaxis was administered. Membranes were ruptured for 20 hours prior to delivery, and amniotic fluid was clear. Based on laboratory tests and application of the Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis Calculator, (1) the patient was deemed low risk for sepsis. The physical examination was notable for significant caput succedaneum and scalp bruising; however, no discrete lesions, skin defects, or lacerations were noted. The patient underwent phototherapy on day 3 for physiologic hyperbilirubinemia, likely exacerbated by the scalp bruising. The infant was fed by breast and bottle and had a normal 7% weight loss at discharge. The mother and infant were discharged together on day 4 with no other complications during the hospitalization. The infant is seen in the primary care office at the age of 6 days and is noted to have a foul-smelling lesion on her posterior occipital scalp with an overlying crust (Fig 1). She is referred to the ED where the wound is felt to be an infected laceration that likely occurred due to birth trauma that was not recognized during her newborn hospitalization. Ultrasound of the scalp to assess for an associated abscess was negative. The infant was afebrile and well appearing without signs of systemic infection. She was discharged with recommendations …
Get up and Get Moving: a nutrition and physical activity after-school program for Latino adolescents of Erie Neighborhood House

Obesity among Latino children in the United States is a serious health concern that poses a risk to develop other chronic illnesses such as Type 2 Diabetes, cancer, and heart disease. The following...
The DSS Radio Science Subsystem--Data Handling of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) Data

The key characteristics functional requirements, and operation of the radio science subsystem are discussed as they pertain to usage of deep radio sources by the DSN VLBI system.
Robust, 1000 V, 130 m/spl Omega/-cm/sup 2/, lateral, two-zone RESURF MOSFETs in 6H-SiC

Silicon carbide lateral power MOSFET is a key building block for high-voltage power integrated circuits in SiC. In this work, we report an experimental demonstration of two-zone, lateral RESURF MOSFET in 6H-SiC with breakdown voltage above 1000 V and specific on-resistance of 130 m/spl Omega/-cm/sup 2/. These MOSFETs exhibit stable, reversible avalanching at the breakdown voltage, which has not been reported in earlier lateral SiC MOSFETs.
Modeling of the fluorescence retrieval from reflectance spectra using polarization discrimination

A general model which makes use of empirical bio-optical relations as well as Mie theory and takes into account the major optically important constituents in the seawater is presented to simulate the polarization discrimination process of the separation of fluorescence and scattering in order to evaluate the efficacy of this technique under various ocean conditions. Using this model, we compare the retrieved chlorophyll fluorescence height obtained by both polarization discrimination and the traditional baseline method with the simulated fluorescence signal for case 1 water for various concentrations of chlorophyll and report overestimation in the baseline method as well as higher accuracy for the polarization discrimination technique
Superresolution source localization through data-adaptive regularization

We address the task of source localization using a novel non-parametric data-adaptive approach based on regularized linear inverse problems with sparsity constraints. The class of penalty functions that we use for regularization favors sparsity of the reconstructions, thus producing superb resolution of the sources. We present a computationally efficient technique to carry out the numerical optimization of the resulting cost function. In comparison to conventional source localization methods, the proposed approach provides numerous improvements, including increased resolution, reduced sidelobes, and better robustness properties to noise, limited snapshots, and coherence of the sources. The method is developed for the general source localization scenario, encompassing nearfield and farfield, narrowband and broadband, and non-linear array geometry cases. Simulation results manifest the capabilities of the approach.
Analysis and control of switched linear systems via modified Lyapunov–Metzler inequalities

SUMMARY This paper addresses analysis and switching control problems of continuous/discrete-time switched linear systems. A particular class of matrix inequalities, the so-called Lyapunov–Metzler inequalities, will be modified to provide conditions for stability analysis and output feedback control synthesis under a relaxed min-switching logic. The switching rule combined with switching output feedback controllers will be designed to stabilize the switched system and satisfy a prespecified L2(l2) gain performance. The proposed analysis and switching control approach could refrain frequent switches commonly observed in min-switching based designs. The effectiveness of the proposed approach will be illustrated through numerical examples. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cashtags: protecting the input and display of sensitive data

Mobile computing is the new norm. As people feel increasingly comfortable computing in public places such as coffee shops and transportation hubs, the threat of exposing sensitive information increases. While solutions exist to guard the communication channels used by mobile devices, the visual channel remains largely open. Shoulder surfing is becoming a viable threat in a world where users are often surrounded by high-power cameras, and sensitive information can be extracted from images using only modest computing power. In response, we present Cashtags: a system to defend against attacks on mobile devices based on visual observations. The system allows users to safely access pieces of sensitive information in public by intercepting and replacing sensitive data elements with nonsensitive data elements before they are displayed on the screen. In addition, the system provides a means of computing with sensitive data in a non-observable way, while maintaining full functionality and legacy compatibility across applications.
The mitochondrial fission receptor Mff selectively recruits oligomerized Drp1

Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is the GTP-hydrolyzing mechanoenzyme that catalyzes mitochondrial fission in the cell. Residing in the cytosol as dimers and tetramers, Drp1 is recruited by receptors on the mitochondrial outer membrane, where it further assembles into a helical ring that drives division via GTP-dependent constriction. The Drp1 receptor Mff is a major regulator of mitochondrial fission, and its overexpression results in increased fission. In contrast, the alternative Drp1 receptors MiD51 and MiD49 appear to recruit inactive forms of Drp1, because their overexpression inhibits fission. Using genetic and biochemical assays, we studied the interaction of Drp1 with Mff. We show that the insert B region of Drp1 inhibits Mff-Drp1 interactions, such that recombinant Drp1 mutants lacking insert B form a stable complex with Mff. Mff cannot bind to assembly-deficient mutants of Drp1, suggesting that Mff selectively interacts with higher-order complexes of Drp1. In contrast, the alternative Drp1 receptors MiD51 and MiD49 can recruit Drp1 dimers. Therefore Drp1 recruitment by Mff versus MiD51 and MiD49 may result in different outcomes because they recruit different subpopulations of Drp1 from the cytosol.
Developmental Changes in Eye-Blink Conditioning and Neuronal Activity in the Cerebellar Interpositus Nucleus

Neuronal activity was recorded in the cerebellar interpositus nucleus in infant rats during classical conditioning of the eye-blink response. The percentage and amplitude of eye-blink conditioned responses increased as a function of postnatal age. Learning-specific neuronal activity in the cerebellum emerged ontogenetically in parallel with the eye-blink conditioned response. There were also age-specific changes in neuronal activity after the onset of the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli. The results indicate that the development of the eye-blink conditioned response may depend on the development of stimulus-evoked neuronal responses and learning-specific plasticity in the cerebellum. Functional immaturity in the afferent neural pathways may limit the induction of neural plasticity in the cerebellum and thereby limit the development of the eye-blink conditioned response.
The Mental Health Status of Adolescents Released from Custody: A Preliminary Study

Objective: To describe the prevalence of mental health problems and the social circumstances of young offenders after their release from custody in a juvenile detention centre.Method: The subjects were 37 adolescents from an original sample of 101 adolescents who had been remanded in a juvenile detention centre in Adelaide, South Australia. The adolescents were evaluated at the time of their initial detention in custody and again 1 year later.Results: The adolescents reported having a large number of social and mental health problems after their release from custody. One year after their release, 32% of the adolescents scored above the recommended ‘cut off score on the Youth Self Report. This represents a rate of disorder three to four times higher than that reported by adolescents in the community and is comparable to the rate reported by adolescents attending mental health clinics. Conclusions: Adolescents remanded in juvenile detention centres experience continuing mental health problems after their re...
Linking Students to Library Resources through the Learning Management System

ABSTRACT This article describes Carmen Library Link, a tool created at the Ohio State University, which enables librarians to create customized library resource pages that are delivered to students within their courses in the Learning Management System. This article will discuss the need for the tool, how collaboration made the tool possible, and how a librarian at a regional campus has used Carmen Library Link to reach students more effectively.
salvador—The persistence of proliferation

Abstract Despite years of extensive studies on genes that regulate proliferation and cell death, two processes that must be tightly coordinated throughout development to regulate cell number, remarkably few genes have been shown to affect both processes. Using an elegant genetic screen in the fly eye, Tapon et al. (2002) have identified a gene, salvador , which is especially significant, because it not only regulates and coordinates both exit from the cell cycle and apoptosis, but also has a human homolog that may play a key role in tumorigenesis.
Two-arm power-spiral antennas

A new two-arm spiral antenna topology named power-spiral with inherently low dispersion is proposed. When compared with conventional Archimedean spirals, up to 40% improved fidelity factor is achieved thus eliminating a need for auxiliary dispersion compensation circuitry. It is, however also shown that the power spiral's axial ratio is noticeably compromised. To enhance the power spiral's frequency domain characteristics, a combined Archimedean/power spiral antenna is developed. Results show that the proposed spiral topology has simultaneously good frequency and time domain performance.
PARTON DUAL RESONANCE MODEL FOR THE LEPTON-HADRONIC AND THE COLLIDING-BEAM INCLUSIVE REACTIONS

A unified representation of $\ensuremath{\nu}{W}_{2}$ and ${W}_{1}$ for both electroproduction, ${e}^{\ensuremath{-}}+N\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}+\mathrm{anything}$ and the colliding-beam reaction ${e}^{+}+{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\overline{N}+\mathrm{anything}$ is presented. We then generalize the model to the case of detecting one more hadronic final-state particle, and obtain formulas for all four structure functions for both the reaction $l+{h}_{1}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}l+{h}_{2}+\mathrm{anything}$ and the reaction $l+\overline{l}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{h}_{1}+{h}_{2}+\mathrm{anything}$. The explicit formulas further unify the generalized Bjorken scaling law with the Feynman scaling law. We then discuss the fragmentation of the target hadron, the fragmentation of the heavy virtual photon, the two triple-Reggeon limits, the two pionization (nucleonization) limits, the "four-Reggeon" limit, the "fixed-angle" limits, and the generalized threshold behaviors of Bloom and Gilman. The pionization region again shows a universal cutoff of $\mathrm{exp}(\ensuremath{-}4p_{\ensuremath{\perp}}^{}{}_{}{}^{2})$ in the transverse momentum, and predicts the average multiplicity distribution $〈n〉=a+b\mathrm{ln}s$, where $s$ is the square of missing masses. Formulas for all structure functions for further generalization to an arbitrary number of detected final-state particles are also given.
Sensitivity Coefficients for Analyzing Interstitial Properties During Phase Change in Porous Media

The sensitivity coefficients for analyzing the interstitial properties during phase change in porous media are presented. Computation of the sensitivity coefficients is the main objective of this study. Experimentally measured temperature data provide an estimate of the phase front locations used as the state variable for this study. The derivations are based on the assumption that the phase front, X, at a given time, t, is a function of interstitial properties τt and τq with all other parameters remaining constant. The properties τt and τq are the lag-time in temperature and heat flux, respectively. The analysis includes two types of boundary conditions: prescribed temperature of phase change materials and prescribed temperature for solid matrix. Results for the first case show that for any given ratio τt /τq , the sensitivity coefficient decreases asymptotically to zero at large times. Furthermore, the sum of the sensitivity coefficients St + Sq = 0 when τt /τq ≈ 1. This is significant information because the variables St and Sq have the same magnitude with opposite signs. This implies that these two sensitivity coefficients become linearly dependent and it will be difficult to predict the values of τt and τq in the neighborhood of τt /τq ≈ 1. A similar trend but with different sensitivity values are reported for the second case.Copyright © 2004 by ASME
Effect of two-impact collisions in HF+H

Abstract The effect of double-impact collisions on the vibration-translation energy transfer in collinear F−H + H collisions has been examined in the classical hard-sphere model. It is shown that as the collision energy increases the majority of collisions involve two impacts, but the two-impact collision is far less efficient than the one-impact process in exchanging the energies of vibrational and translation motion, thus leading to a diminished inelasticity. It is also shown for several different mass distributions that when the effect of impact multiplicity is introduced, thue present model gives vibrational energy transfer at high collision energies that is in agreement with the results of exact trajectory calculation.
Covalent attachment of peptides to cytochrome C for automated sequence determination.

Abstract Because small peptides are lost into the organic solvents used, it is virtually impossible to obtain the complete amino acid sequence of a small peptide using only an automated peptide sequencer of the spinning cup type. To overcome this problem we have extended peptides at the carboxy terminus by attachment to equine cytochrome c by a water soluble carbodiimide, relying on the acetylated N-terminus of the cytochrome to minimize its direct contribution to recovery of PTH-amino acids. The Model Peptide H-Leu-Trp-Met-Arg-Phe-Ala-OH was used for most experiments. After reac-tion of3H-peptide with cytochrome c, about one-third of the tritium counts migrated with cytochrome c during gel filtration. After attachment, the amino acid sequence of the hexapeptide was readily determined with a single cleavage Quadrol program in a Beckman 890B sequencer, whereas only the N-terminal residue was recovered without attachment. The repetitive yield after attachment was 95–96%, with 21–27% overlap and an initial y...