cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Impact of the Smoother Sailing elementary school counseling program: a meta-analysis

Counselors in the Smoother Sailing elementary school counseling program implement a comprehensive, developmental program. The Smoother Sailing program recommends that time the school counselor spends in the counseling role be divided equally into thirds among classroom guidance, small group counseling, and individual counseling including consulting with parents, teachers, or community members. Results from this meta-analysis, encompassing 12 years of data from the program, confirm a consistent counselor role in the areas of individual counseling, small group counseling, and classroom guidance, but the distribution of time was weighted toward individual counseling. Elementary school counselors should provide counseling to individuals and small groups as well as provide classroom guidance in alignment with the program model. School counselors should consider how the distribution of their time supports student learning. The role and functions of school counselors have been defined through models based upon comprehensive, developmental, counseling programs (American School Counselor Association, 1997; Gysbers & Henderson, 2000; Sink & MacDonald, 1998). The American School Counselor Association (ASCA) issued position statements in the mid 1970s through the mid 1990s about establishing comprehensive and developmental guidance and counseling programs. These position statements recognized the need to create a school environment that promotes school success for students and the need to create comprehensive school counseling
Evolution of Incisional and Ventral Hernia Repair

Ranging from small and simple to large and complex, ventral and incisional hernias have plagued patients and surgeons for centuries. Methods of prevention and repair have evolved considerably over time, particularly with the advent of synthetic mesh and laparoscopy. Recent randomized controlled studies have helped to compare repair methods, but standardization of techniques and long-term follow-up will improve our approach to the patient with a ventral hernia. This chapter provides a brief review of the major advances in incisional and ventral hernia repair in the last 100 years.
The Potential Harmful and Beneficial Effects of Nanoparticles in Children

The inhaled route is one which potentially allows safe and effective delivery of drugs to children, not only to treat local airway diseases but also in the context of systemic diseases. On the other hand, inhalation of small particles such as nanoparticles has recently gained interest due to their potentially negative effects on children. Tobacco smoke exposure has garnered world-wide attention due to its harmful effects, not only on smokers themselves but also on people passively exposed to smoking. Other airborne particles such as end-products of ambient indoor as well as outdoor pollution from traffic, power-plants and other combustion sources have likewise the potential to harm children. Children interact with their environment in different and unique ways. Due to their developing organs, immature enzyme systems and behavioural differences vis-a-vis adults, children seem to be the most vulnerable group with regard to harmful effects of air pollution.
Decision Tree Modeling in Classification

Abstract In this tutorial overview of decision tree modeling, traditional decision tree construction is introduced and some recent advances in modeling are briefly examined. Some emphasis is placed on techniques involving decision trees in chemical and biochemical applications.
Aicardi syndrome in a 20-year-old female.

Abstract Purpose To describe an unusual case of Aicardi Syndrome that both affirms hallmark characteristics of the condition and introduces new observations. Observations We report the case of a 20-year-old woman with Aicardi Syndrome who presented in respiratory distress with bradycardia and died soon thereafter. She had a history of severe mental retardation, seizure disorder, advanced scoliosis and numerous contractures in addition to congenital ocular malformations resulting in bilateral blindness. The case is notable for her age and longevity, as most patients with Aicardi Syndrome expire much younger, as well as the presence of intact nuclei under the posterior lens capsule. Conclusions and importance Aicardi Syndrome is a rare X-linked cerebro-retinal disorder typified by seizures, agenesis of the corpus callosum, and chorioretinal lacunae. Documenting alterations from and additions to this triad of symptoms is critical to better understanding both the syndrome itself, as well as the full breadth of its clinical impact on the patient.
Prostate cancer brain metastasis in a contemporary cohort.

e14011Background: The rarity of brain metastases from prostate cancer (PCA) limits our understanding of the impact of modern treatments on its development. The potential impact of new, highly activ...
Energy-aware and Machine Learning-based Resource Provisioning of In-Memory Analytics on Cloud

In this work, we propose a proactive online resource provisioning methodology that addresses the challenge of resource provisioning for IMC workloads in heterogeneous cloud platforms consist of diverse types of servers. As cloud platforms provide a wide range of server configuration choices [4], and the applications' performance and power consumption changes at run-time [3] and depends on the chosen configuration, resource provisioning in cloud platforms is a challenging optimization problem with a large search space to navigate. Our methodology proactively assigns a suitable hardware configuration to IMC program for energy-efficiency (EDP) optimization at run-time before any significant change occurs in application's behavior. This helps to save energy without sacrificing performance [2, 7]. We address these challenges by first characterizing diverse types of IMC workloads across different types of server architectures. The characterization aids to accurately capture applications' behavior [1] and train machine learning models [5, 6]. We use time series neural network to predict the next phase of an application. Our approach then uses artificial neural networks to estimate the performance and power consumption of predicted phase of application on various server configurations. Further, we use the genetic algorithm to distinguish close-to-optimal configuration to minimize EDP. Compared to Oracle scheduler, our methodology achieves 93% accuracy to allocate the right resource for each phase of the program. Our methodology improves the performance by 21% and the EDP by 40% on average, compared to the default scheduler.
In their own words: stressors facing medical students in the millennial generation.

Background: Medical student exposure to stressors is associated with depression, burnout, somatic distress, decreases in empathy, serious thoughts about dropping out of medical school, suicidal ide...
Asia’s reckoning: the struggle for global dominance

In Asia’s Reckoning, using “fresh U.S. documents detailing Washington’s ties with Tokyo and Beijing”, Japanese diplomatic archives and more limited Chinese sources, Richard McGregor “traces the evo...
Not Just a Specimen: A Qualitative Study of Emotion, Morality, and Professionalism in One Medical School Gross Anatomy Laboratory

Medical schools are increasingly integrating professionalism training into their gross anatomy courses, teaching ethical behavior and humanistic attitudes through the dissection experience. However, many schools continue to take a traditional, technical approach to anatomical education while teaching professionalism in separate courses. This interview-based study explored how students viewed the body donor and the professional lessons they learned through dissection at one such medical school. All students oscillated involuntarily between seeing the cadaver as a specimen for learning and seeing the cadaver as a person, with some students intentionally cultivating one of these ways of seeing over the other. These views shaped students' emotional and moral responses to the experiences of dissection. The "specimen" view facilitated a technical, detached approach to dissection, while the "person" view made students engage emotionally. Further, students who intentionally cultivated a "specimen" view generally felt less moral distress about dissection than students who intentionally cultivated a "person" view. The concept of respect gave students permission to perform dissections, but "person-minded" students developed more complex rules around what constituted respectful behavior. Both groups of students connected the gross anatomy experience to their professional development, but in different ways. "Specimen-minded" students intentionally objectified the body to learn the emotional control physicians need, while "person-minded" students humanized the body donor to promote the emotional engagement required of physicians. These findings support efforts to integrate professionalism teaching into gross anatomy courses, particularly content, addressing the balance between professional detachment and concern.
The Huang-Minlon modification

Abstract In 1946, Huang Minglong on leave from the Chinese Academy of Science, discovered that the yields obtained in the Wolff-Kishner reduction could be improved by heating the carbonyl compound with excess hydrazine and a base in a high-boiling glycol above 180 °C. The Huang-Minlon modification of the reaction was much more convenient than the original procedure, and generally gave higher yields of the product. This has made it a staple tool in the synthetic organic chemist’s war chest. The discovery and its discoverer are discussed in this chapter, as are the scope and limitations of the method.
Polarization politics and hopes for a green agenda in the United States

In the past, support for environmental protection in the United States was relatively nonpartisan. That situation began to change in the late 1970s with partisanship playing an increasing role in a...
Maternal and family factors differentiate profiles of psychiatric impairments in very preterm children at age 5‐years

BACKGROUND Very preterm (VPT; <30 weeks gestation) children are a heterogeneous group, yet the co-occurrence of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental impairments remains unclear. Moreover, the clinical and socio-environmental factors that promote resilient developmental outcomes among VPT children are poorly understood. METHODS One hundred and twenty five children (85 VPT and 40 full-term) underwent neurodevelopmental evaluation at age 5-years. Parents and teachers completed measures of internalizing, externalizing, attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD), and autism symptoms. Psychiatric and neurodevelopmental measures were analyzed using Latent Profile Analysis. Multinomial regression examined the extent that infant, sociodemographic, and family factors, collected prospectively from birth to follow-up, independently differentiated resilient and impaired children. RESULTS Four latent profiles were identified, including a Typically Developing Group which represented 27.1% of the VPT group and 65.0% of the full-term group, an At-Risk Group with mild psychiatric and neurodevelopmental problems (VPT 44.7%, full-term 22.5%), a Psychiatric Group with moderate-to-severe psychiatric ratings (VPT 12.9%, full-term 10.0%), and a school-based Inattentive/Hyperactive Group (VPT 15.3%, full-term 2.5%). Clinical diagnoses were highest among the Psychiatric Group (80%). Factors that differentiated resilient and impaired subgroups of VPT children included prolonged exposure to maternal psychosocial distress (p ≤ .04), current family dysfunction (p ≤ .05), and maternal ADHD symptoms (p ≤ .02), whereas social risk index scores differentiated resilient and impaired full-term children (p < .03). CONCLUSIONS Lower levels of maternal distress, family dysfunction, and maternal ADHD symptoms were associated with resilience among VPT children. Maternal distress and family dysfunction are modifiable factors to be targeted as part of psychiatric interventions embedded in the long-term care of VPT children.
Ocean acidification affects acid-base physiology and behaviour in a model invertebrate, the California sea hare (Aplysia californica).

Behavioural impairment following exposure to ocean acidification-relevant CO2 levels has been noted in a broad array of taxa. The underlying cause of these disruptions is thought to stem from alter...
On the Shock Response of Inelastic Beams

Response of a uniform clamped-free beam driven into the inelastic range by half-sine, triangular, and rectangular ground acceleration pulses is investigated. Shock spectra are presented for beams possessing bilinear moment-curvature properties. Limited data are presented for a supported-supported beam. Beams are represented by lumped parameter models and equations of motion are solved on an analog computer. Effetcs of pulse shape and duration are evaluated.
IN VIVO PIG MODEL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC DEMONSTRATION OF A NOVEL, NESTED PHASE-CHANGE CONTRAST AGENT WITH AN ACOUSTIC RESPONSE DEPENDENT ON MYOCARDIAL DEPOLARIZATION

Selective imaging of the microcirculation of the myocardium remains a challenge for current ultrasound contrast agents because of unfavorable noise to signal ratio caused by cavity brightness. We present in vivo data in a pig model for a novel nested phase-change agent, ‘ ElectrastTM ‘, with an
Aerosol Filtration Efficiency of Common Fabrics Used in Respiratory Cloth Masks.

The emergence of a pandemic affecting the respiratory system can result in a significant demand for face masks. This includes the use of cloth masks by large sections of the public, as can be seen ...
Changes in Alcohol Use Patterns in the United States During COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has rapidly emerged as a public health emergency. In the United States, "stay-at-home" orders have led to loss of social routines and the closing of restaurants and bars; as a result, sales of alcohol have increased. The aim of this study was to assess changes in alcohol use patterns as a result of social distancing measures. Methods A single online survey was sent to a convenience sample of adults through social media. Self-reported demographics and alcohol use patterns before and during social distancing were obtained. Results Four hundred seventeen subjects completed the survey; 83% were women, 77% were married, 44% were between ages 35 and 44 years. Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) scores increased from median value of 3 to 4 (P Conclusion Among those who continue to drink alcohol, social distancing has led to a significant increase in the amount of alcohol ingested, frequency of alcohol use, and an increase in AUDIT-C scores in women suggesting hazardous alcohol use behaviors. Clinicians should continue to assess patient alcohol use during the pandemic. Further studies will be needed to assess long-term outcomes after the COVID-19 pandemic resolves.
Machine Learning to Predict Delayed Cerebral Ischemia and Outcomes in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Objective To determine whether machine learning (ML) algorithms can improve the prediction of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and functional outcomes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods ML models and standard models (SMs) were trained to predict DCI and functional outcomes with data collected within 3 days of admission. Functional outcomes at discharge and at 3 months were quantified using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) for neurologic disability (dichotomized as good [mRS ≤ 3] vs poor [mRS ≥ 4] outcomes). Concurrently, clinicians prospectively prognosticated 3-month outcomes of patients. The performance of ML, SMs, and clinicians were retrospectively compared. Results DCI status, discharge, and 3-month outcomes were available for 399, 393, and 240 participants, respectively. Prospective clinician (an attending, a fellow, and a nurse) prognostication of 3-month outcomes was available for 90 participants. ML models yielded predictions with the following area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) scores: 0.75 ± 0.07 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64–0.84) for DCI, 0.85 ± 0.05 (95% CI 0.75–0.92) for discharge outcome, and 0.89 ± 0.03 (95% CI 0.81–0.94) for 3-month outcome. ML outperformed SMs, improving AUC by 0.20 (95% CI −0.02 to 0.4) for DCI, by 0.07 ± 0.03 (95% CI −0.0018 to 0.14) for discharge outcomes, and by 0.14 (95% CI 0.03–0.24) for 3-month outcomes and matched physician9s performance in predicting 3-month outcomes. Conclusion ML models significantly outperform SMs in predicting DCI and functional outcomes and has the potential to improve SAH management.
A space for innovation

This column proposes a schema to help librarians identify and communicate the importance and function of maintenance in library practice in order to challenge uncritical views of innovation. Understanding maintenance as an interdependent and multi-faceted concept, essential to library work and practice, challenges the narrative that innovation alone can solve problems caused by limited budgets and insufficient staff. The proposed schema can be engaged at both microscopic and macroscopic levels, benefiting individuals, specific departments, and entire libraries.
Metanalysis of alloplastic materials versus autologous fat for injection augmentation pharyngoplasty treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency.

Abstract Background Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) can cause resonance, speech and feeding problems. While reconstructive palatoplasty and surgical pharyngoplasty techniques are the mainstay of treatment for severe VPI, injection augmentation pharyngoplasty offers a minimally invasive approach in patients with mild-to-moderate VPI. Methods We conducted a systematic review of the literature available on PubMed and Embase from 1990 to 2019 including studies that addressed VPI, incompetence, or dysfunction managed with injection augmentation. Patient demographics, etiology of VPI, injection material, volume of injection, number of injections, complications and both subjective and objective outcomes were recorded. Results Twenty-nine studies met our inclusion criteria encompassing 587 patients, ages 3–75 years (mean = 16) who underwent injection pharyngoplasty. Injection materials included glutaraldehyde cross-linked (GAX) collagen (n = 5), calcium hydroxyapatite (n = 36), dextranomer and hyaluronic acid (n = 72) and autologous fat (n = 471). Follow-up averaged 15.4 months (range = 2–60 months). Functional improvements in nasality were recorded in a large proportion of patients (0.79, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.82). However, a greater proportion of patients in the synthetic materials group demonstrated either reduced or resolved hypernasality compared with those receiving autologous fat injections (χ2 = 7.035, n = 91/103 vs. 255/338, p = 0.008). Complete velopharyngeal gap closure post-injection was achieved at a higher frequency with injection of synthetic materials compared with autologous fat (χ2 = 11.270, n = 61/69 vs. 58/91 p = 0.001).r Conclusion Injection pharyngoplasty offers a minimally invasive alternative intervention for treatment of VPI secondary to small velopharyngeal gaps. Patients treated with synthetic materials experienced a greater improvement in velopharyngeal closure and a corresponding improvement in resonance balance.
A biparatopic antibody-drug conjugate to treat MET-expressing cancers, including those that are unresponsive to MET pathway blockade

Lung cancers harboring mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition factor (MET) genetic alterations, such as exon 14 skipping mutations or high-level gene amplification, respond well to MET-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). However, these agents benefit a relatively small group of patients (4%–5% of lung cancers), and acquired resistance limits response durability. An antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) targeting MET might enable effective treatment of MET-overexpressing tumors (approximately 25% of lung cancers) that do not respond to MET targeted therapies. Using a protease-cleavable linker, we conjugated a biparatopic METxMET antibody to a maytansinoid payload to generate a MET ADC (METxMET-M114). METxMET-M114 promotes substantial and durable tumor regression in xenografts with moderate to high MET expression, including models that exhibit innate or acquired resistance to MET blockers. Positron emission tomography (PET) studies show that tumor uptake of radiolabeled METxMET antibody correlates with MET expression levels and METxMET-M114 efficacy. In a cynomolgus monkey toxicology study, METxMET-M114 was well tolerated at a dose that provides circulating drug concentrations that are sufficient for maximal antitumor activity in mouse models. Our findings suggest that METxMET-M114, which takes advantage of the unique trafficking properties of our METxMET antibody, is a promising candidate for the treatment of MET-overexpressing tumors, with the potential to address some of the limitations faced by the MET function blockers currently in clinical use.
An upward cycle: examining bidirectional relationships between everyday activities and momentary affective well-being in caregivers

Caregivers to Alzheimer’s patients are at risk for depression, partly due to restriction of self-oriented activities. This study tested if having more diversity in activities, doing activities more...
Cross-species grafting and cell culture of rhesus monkey fetal spinal cord and cerebral cortex.

Publisher Summary Experiments using the implantation of fetal brain and spinal cord into lesioned and unlesioned adult and neonatal rat spinal cord suggest that this technique may prove beneficial in repairing the injured spinal cord. This chapter describes and demonstrates that fetal brain, midbrain, and spinal cord can be successfully implanted into adult host rodent spinal cord. Important factors in the success particularly of spinal-to-spinal grafts appear to be the embryonic age of the implant and the method of the implantation process. Latest studies suggest that the cross-species transplantation of fetal human tissues to the rat brain ventricles may provide a possible model for implant development in a host tissue. However, some investigators have not found immunosuppression to be necessary in xenografts even for human to rat cerebral ventricle grafts. The studies at this point suggest that effective immunosuppression is necessary for the normal development of monkey to rat cross-species central nervous system (CNS) grafts, and may further indicate that an immune reaction may interfere with graft development in terms of the types of cells surviving and their course of differentiation.
Molecular Differentiation of Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus and Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus Strains

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) causes an economically important enteric disease of swine. Differences in the pathogenicity, antigenicity and tissue tropism have been observed among porcine coronaviruses. Although porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) is antigenically similar but not identical to TGEV isolates, these respiratory coronaviruses differ markedly in pathogenicity and tissue tropism compared to TGEV isolates. Using a reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RT/PCR-RFLP) assay, TGEV and PRCV isolates were assigned to several distinct groups. By RFLP analysis of the 5’ region of the S gene, TGEV strains were differentiated into 4 groups using the restriction enzyme Sau3AI. A fifth Sau3Al group contained the PRCV isolates. These 5 groups correlated with antigenic groups previously defined using monoclonal antibodies in our laboratory. Several restriction enzymes could be used to differentiate the TGEV strains into Miller and Purdue types. Analysis of a PCR amplified product in the 3 and 3-1 genes indicated the RT/PCR-RFLP assay results for TGEV Miller strains could be correlated with lower virulence created by passage in cell culture.
Condition Monitoring, Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Health Management for Wind Energy Conversion Systems

The articles in this special section focus on condition monitoring, diagnosis, prognosis, and information management. These technologies and applications are effectivemeans to reduce the downtime and the maintenance cost, and to improve the reliability, capacity factor, and lifespan of wind energy conversion systems. These important issues have drawn more and more attention during the last decade, and significant research effort is being taken by both the academia and the industry to advance the technologies for the condition monitoring, diagnosis, prognosis, and health management of wind energy conversion systems. This Special Section aims to provide a platform for academic and industrial communities to report the most recent findings in this field.
Evidence for ξ- and t-dependent damping of the flux in the proton

Abstract We show that a triple-Regge parametrization of inclusive single diffraction agrees with the data in the following two domains: (a) ξ >0.03 at all t , (b) | t |>1 GeV 2 at all ξ . Since the triple-Regge parametrization fails when applied to the full ξ – t range of the total single-diffractive cross section, we conclude that damping occurs only at low- ξ and low-| t |. We give a (“toy”) parametrization of the damping factor, D( ξ ), valid at low-| t |, which describes the dσ sd total / dt data at the ISR and roughly accounts for the observed s -dependence of σ sd total up to Tevatron energies. However, an effective damping factor calculated for the CDF fitted function for d 2 σ sd total / dξdt at s =1800 GeV and | t |=0.05 GeV 2 , suggests that, at fixed- ξ , damping increases as s increases. We conjecture that, in the regions where the triple-Regge formalism describes the data and there is no evidence of damping, factorization is valid and the P omeron -flux-factor may be universal. With the assumption that the observed damping is due to multi- P omeron exchange, our results imply that the recent UA8 demonstration that the effective P omeron trajectory flattens for | t |>1 GeV 2 is evidence for the onset of the perturbative 2-gluon pomeron. Our damping results may also shed some light on the self-consistency of recent measurements of hard-diffractive jet production cross sections in the UA8, CDF and ZEUS experiments.
Using Technology to Solve Environmental Problems

Technology is discussed in relation to environmental quality problems, both from a historical perspective and from current analysis points of view. The way in which technology has become an integral and inseparable part of our life and social system is examined. Specific discussion relates to the weaknesses and assumptions involved in recent writings and computer models which portend doom—without any analysis of the potential of properly directed future technology to solve environmental problems. The role of technology in a perceived steady-state society and the possibilities of some future technologies for solving problems are presented.
Michael Faraday on the Learning of Science and Attitudes of Mind.

The paper makes use of Michael Faraday's ideas about learning, in particular his thoughts about attitudes to the unknowns of science and the development of an attitude which improves scientific decision-making. An invented scenario involving nursery school children demonstrates some attitudes displayed there. Discussion of the scenario and variation in possible outcomes suggests that Faraday's views are relevant to scientific learning in general. The main thesis of the paper is that it is central to learning in science to acknowledge that there is an inner struggle involved in facing unknowns, and that empathy with the fears and expectations of learners is an essential quality if genuinely scientific thought is to develop. It is suggested, following Faraday, that understanding our own feelings while we teach is a pre-requisite to enabling such empathy and that only then will we be in a position to evaluate accurately whether or not our pupils are thinking scientifically.
Information Asymmetries in Pay-Per-Bid Auctions How Swoopo Makes Bank

Innovative auction methods can be exploited to increase prots, with Shubik’s famous \dollar auction" [11] perhaps being the most widely known example. Recently, some mainstream e-commerce web sites have apparently achieved the same end on a much broader scale, by using \pay-per-bid" auctions to sell items, from video games to bars of gold. In these auctions, bidders incur a cost for placing each bid in addition to (or sometimes in lieu of) the winner’s nal purchase cost. Thus even when a winner’s purchase cost is a small fraction of the item’s intrinsic value, the auctioneer can still prot handsomely from the bid fees. Our work provides novel analyses for these auctions, based on both modeling and datasets derived from auctions at Swoopo.com, the leading pay-per-bid auction site. While previous modeling work predicts prot-free equilibria, we analyze the impact of information asymmetry broadly, as well as Swoopo features such as bidpacks and the Swoop It Now option specically, to quantify the eects of imperfect information in these auctions. We
Winter's Doctrine: A Review

The western states are areas of short water supply. In general, they apply the water law doctrine of appropriation that relates a water right to the time or date that the right started. The Federal government has applied for water rights at a much later time, but with an early appropriation date. This would give the Federal agencies priority over the existing water users, many of which have been beneficially using the water for years. Since the Federal agencies apparently have decided, through the courts, their ability to act unilaterally in this matter, it is apparent that guidance from the Congress is sorely needed in this matter. Otherwise the state’s water laws shall be greatly weakened, along with state water planning and policy.
AMYLASE ISOENZYME CLEARANCES IN NORMAL SUBJECTS AND IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE PANCREATITIS

Renal clearances of amylase isoenzymes, expressed as percentages of creatinine clearances, were determined in 20 normal subjects and in 8 patients with acute pancreatitis. The isoenzyme assay employed;hin layer isoelectric focusing, starch iodine staining, and densitometry. Normal clearance of pancreatic-like amylase (mean ± SE: 3.00 ± 0.40%) was greater than the clearance of salivary-like amylase (0.51 ± 0.06%) in each individual (P
Analysis of a piezoelectric composite microcantilever for accelerometer applications

Analysis of a composite microcantilever is performed with specific application to resonant accelerometers. The structures of interest are composite plates consisting of silicon with piezoelectric layers such as zinc oxide or quartz. A classical laminate theory approach is applied to the problems of static and dynamic behavior of layered piezoelectric plates under cylindrical bending assumptions. These methods are suitable for the study of thin plates (a/b>20). A first order plate expansion is used which includes the effects of shear deformation and rotatory inertia. The particular solution under uniform mechanical and electrical loading for the static bending problem is presented in closed form. Using the static and dynamic solutions, the acceleration sensitivity of the composite cantilever is estimated using a perturbation method. >
Workplace cohort studies in times of economic instability.

Background A prospective study directed to musculoskeletal health in the manufacturing workforce. Methods A 36-month longitudinal study using mixed method; surveys with work and non-work psychosocial variables, physiologic measurements physical performance, interviews and focus groups, and direct observation of work activity. Results Changing economic conditions introduced barriers requiring recruiting a larger number of study sites. Study adherence was unexpectedly high. Coincident with their economic concerns, participants perceived an increase in workplace stress, but not physical demand. New instruments were added to assess economic effects on retirement planning and the physical and emotional costs of caregiving responsibilities. Conclusions The economic conditions required adaptive alterations in design due to workforce volatility but presented opportunities for studying the link between working conditions and health. Nevertheless, study size expectations were met through an adaptive approach that suggests a potential effect of the economy on health and well-being. Am. J. Ind. Med. 58:138–151, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CONCILIAR, NOT CONCILIATORY: HANS URS VON BALTHASAR'S ECCLESIOLOGICAL SYNTHESIS OF VATICAN II

In this essay, I analyze von Balthasar's ecclesiology against the backdrop of Vatican II and identify its ecumenical challenges. I demonstrate how von Balthasar's ecclesiology reflects the last council particularly in terms of its integration of ecclesiology and mariology, its gendered conceptualization of the church and its hierarchy, and its reaffirmation of papal primacy. From a Protestant perspective, I have, however, a number of critical questions. First, I question von Balthasar's sacred sociology, which ultimately privileges the magisterium as the decisive source of divine revelation. Second, I point out the peculiarities of von Balthasar's typological interpretation of scripture and its consequences for his ecclesiological vision. Finally, I take issue with his outdated binary gender anthropology.
Microwave spectrum and the barrier to internal rotation of the methyl group in trans- crotonaldehyde

Abstract The microwave spectrum of rans-crotonaldehyde is assinged and the resulting rotational constants are A = 32.4 ± 0.5 GHz, B = 2183.35 ± 0.02 MHz and C = 2073.28 ± 0.02 MHz. The barrier to internal rotation of the methyl group is 1 3 = 1732 ± 60 cal/mole. The barrier is interpreted according to recent suggestion concerning the bonding electrons.
Suggested specifications for a standardized Addiction Severity Index database.

Abstract The Addiction Severity Index (ASI) has become one of the most widely used instruments in the addictions field. As a result of its wide popularity, there are multiple versions of the instrument in use, and a wide range of computer systems used to collect and/or store ASI data. Thus, it has been difficult for different users and systems to share ASI data. This difficulty significantly reduces the value of the information for treatment providers, policy makers, and researchers. This article provides operational definitions and specifications for a “Standard ASI Database.” Descriptions for standard variable names, data types, field lengths, value labels, range checks, and programming notes for all items in the fifth edition of the ASI are available electronically from the senior. Examples from the full protocol and the rationale for producing the Standard ASI Database elements are illustrated here. It is hoped that the format suggested will become the “industry standard” for ASI data storage among all users of the ASI and that, regardless of the software used or the method of data collection, there will be a single, standard format for all ASI databases. The potential applications from such a database would benefit treatment providers/clinicians and researchers as well as payers and policy makers.
Bullying, internalized hepatitis (Hepatitis C virus) stigma, and self-esteem: does spirituality curtail the relationship in the workplace

The objective of this study was to examine the impact of workplace bullying on self-esteem, including the mediating effect of internalized stigma and the moderating effect of spirituality, among hepatitis C virus patients. Data were collected from 228 employed hepatitis C virus patients who had been admitted to Gastroenterology and Hepatology wards in Pakistani hospitals. We found support for the hypothesis that workplace bullying is associated with low self-esteem via internalized stigma. In addition, spirituality moderated the association such that participants with greater spirituality were buffered from the impact of stigma on self-esteem.
Measurement of metabolic intermediates using a bichromatic analyzer.

Abstract The Abbott Bichromatic Analyser (ABA-100), an instrument currently in widespread use in clinical chemistry laboratories, was used to measure concentrations of metabolic intermediates in neutralized perchloric extracts from perfused rat hearts. Results were similar to those obtained by others using manual methods. Excellent reproducibility was achieved with metabolites present in higher concentrations (upward of 50 μ m ). Lower levels of substances could be measured with precision (coefficient of variation m . The ABA-100, therefore, offers the advantages of speed and economy over existing methods, combined with a high degree of reproducibility. It is concluded that this type of instrument has considerable potential as a research tool.
The largest molecular cloud complexes in the first galactic quadrant

The CO emission within a few kiloparsecs of the Sun is dominated by a small number of very large molecular complexes, including those associated with the Orion Nebula (Thaddeus 1982), M16 and M17 (Elmegreen, Lada, and Dickinson 1979), and NGC7538 (Cohen et al. 1980). These complexes have masses from several 105 to 106 M⊙ and are generally very well-defined objects. They are also well endowed with HII regions, stellar clusters and associations, masers, and other Population-I objects whose distances can be measured. The complexes are thus valuable probes of the large-scale structure of the Galaxy.
Scattering of waves with normal amplitude distribution from cylinders

The scattering of waves with a Gaussian amplitude distribution from perfectly conducting and radially inhomogeneous dielectric cylinders is presented. The plane wave scattering solution is obtained as the limiting case when the radius of the scatterer is much smaller than the size of the wave. The scattering of beam waves from spherically symmetric particles was considered recently by Morita et al. [1]. In this communication the case of scattering of waves with a Gaussian amplitude distribution from cylindrically symmetric and infinitely long targets is considered. In a future contribution the scattering of beam waves at normal and oblique incidence from cylindrically symmetric fibers will be reported.
Staff Evaluation of a High-Risk Pregnancy Program

A southeastern state implemented a multidisciplinary health care program for Medicaid eligible, medically high-risk pregnant women and their infants as part of a statewide effort to reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to obtain the staff's evaluation of this high-risk-pregnancy program. Clinical, supervisory, and clerical staff (N = 182) completed a questionnaire about the operation of the program and its perceived benefits. Staff identified program strengths: nurse case management, interdisciplinary structure, quality care, and positive health outcomes. Staff also identified program limitations including limited staff and time, inflexible protocols, administrative tasks, and narrow enrollment criteria. The majority of staff reported that the following barriers interfered with the effective operation of the program: paperwork, limited support, time, difficulty locating patients, and mandated time frames for patient contact. The majority of staff also reported that transportation most interfered with patient access to the program. The findings of this study support the need for ongoing staff evaluation of all perinatal health care programs.
The atmospheric transport of phosphorus to the western North Atlantic

Abstract The concentration of particulate phosphorus in the atmosphere has been measured over the western North Atlantic and at the island of Bermuda. Phosphorus concentrations ranged from 57ng m −3 near the North American coast to 0.6 ng m −3 at Bermuda. The average concentration over the western North Atlantic was 7 ng m −3 . The phosphorus over this portion of the ocean is evidently contained in particles of crustal material from the North American continent and also possibly from the Sahara desert, in soot and fly ash particles from the burning of fossil fuels in North America, and in sea salt particles ejected from the surface of the ocean by bursting bubbles. The net input of phosphorus into an area bounded by the North American coast, a line along 25° N latitude, and a line along 65° W longitude is estimated to be between 0.5 and 1.0 × 10 10 gy −1 . About 36 per cent of this phosphorus is estimated to be released upon contact with sea water for a 12 h period. Thus 2 to 4 × 10 9 gy −1 of nutrient phosphorus are added to the North Atlantic surface waters by atmospheric deposition. This is about 10 per cent of the estimated riverine input of dissolved phosphorus to the same region of the Atlantic Ocean.
Complete ear replantation without venous anastomosis

Traumatic amputation of the entire auricle is a rare occurrence. Management ideally consists of microvascular reconstruction of auricular arterial, venous, and nerve continuity. However, appropriately sized veins are often not available and venous drainage must be accomplished with leech therapy. In occasional cases where leeches are unavailable or cannot be made to attach, mechanical drainage and anticoagulation can give satisfactory drainage. The authors present a case of mechanical wick venous drainage of a complete ear replantation, resulting in virtually normal appearance and function of the ear. In addition, the ear regained normal touch and two-point sensibility, although the great auricular nerve had not been repaired.
Pulmonary blood velocity profile variability in open-chest dogs: Influence of acutely altered hemodynamic states on profiles, and influence of profiles on the accuracy of techniques for cardiac output determination

Clinical investigations focused on finding characteristics of noninvasively obtained measurements of pulmonary blood velocity that can be used to quantitate pulmonary blood flow and/or pulmonary pressure have often yielded results whose imprecision has been attributed to flow pattern variability. To determine flow pattern variability in an in vivo animal model in varying hemodynamic states, main pulmonary artery blood velocity waveforms were recorded in 17 dogs at 2-mm intervals along an anterior to posterior wall-oriented axis using a 20-MHz pulsed Doppler needle probe. Control data were obtained before the animals were subjected to altered flow (atrial level shunts) and pressure (10% O2 inhalation) states. Instantaneous velocity profiles were computed throughout the cardiac cycle. Estimates of pulmonary blood flow were obtained assuming an elliptical model of the pulmonary artery which allowed computation of velocity at all points in the cross section, based on the measured values along the axis. Model-based estimates were compared to measured values and estimates obtained in the traditional fashion, i.e., the product of centerline velocity and cross-sectional area. Results clearly showed marked interanimal variability, even in control states. Reverse flow in the posterior half of the vessel, which tended to become more pronounced with increased pulmonary artery pressure, was observed during late systole and early diastole. Elevated pulmonary blood flow tended to increase the maximum velocities along the anterior wall relative to midline velocities. Neither estimate of cardiac output yielded consistently accurate results (r=0.77 for model-based method,r=0.80 for area times central velocity method). Findings of this study, which highlight the dependency of waveform characteristics on sampling site, the large degree of intersubject variability, and the need for large or multiple sample volumes for pulmonary blood flow determination, help clarify inconsistencies observed by clinicians and suggest that future work with animal models will facilitate a greater understanding of the determinants of human pulmonary velocity waveforms.
Fundamental Parameters of Cepheids. V. Additional Photometry and Radial Velocity Data for Southern Cepheids

I present photometric and radial velocity data for Galactic Cepheids, most of them being in the southern hemisphere. There are 1250 Geneva seven-color photometric measurements for 62 Cepheids, the average uncertainty per measurement is better than 0.01 mag. A total of 832 velocity measurements have been obtained with the CORAVEL radial velocity spectrograph for 46 Cepheids. The average accuracy of the radial velocity data is 0.38 km s-1. There are 33 stars with both photometry and radial velocity data. I discuss the possible binarity or period change that these new data reveal. I also present reddenings for all Cepheids with photometry. The data are available electronically.
Cadmium induces c-myc, p53, and c-jun expression in normal human prostate epithelial cells as a prelude to apoptosis.

Cadmium is a suspected human prostatic carcinogen shown to induce prostatic tumors and proliferative lesions in rats. The carcinogenic mechanism of cadmium is unknown, but its poor mutagenicity points toward an epigenetic mechanism. Here we studied the effect of cadmium on genes involved in growth regulation of prostate epithelial cell using the human prostate epithelial cell line RWPE-1, which is immortalized but not transformed and is androgen-responsive. Treatment with 10 μM cadmium resulted in transient increases in c-myc and p53 mRNA levels that peaked at 2-fold and 1.4-fold, respectively, compared to control after 2 h. In contrast, c-jun mRNA levels were increased >3-fold after 2, 4, and 6 h and 20-fold after 24 h. DNA synthesis decreased after 24 h of cadmium exposure. Further study revealed a significant increase in apoptosis after 48 h of cadmium exposure. However, approximately 35% of the cells were still viable and appeared normal, indicating this subpopulation was more resistant to cadmium. Furthermore, these resistant cells had 2.5-fold more metallothionein than untreated control cells. This suggests that cadmium could act to select for apoptotic-defective cells in vivo, thereby increasing the likelihood of tumor formation. This work represents the first description of cadmium affecting oncogene expression in a human cell model of a potential in vivo target site of cadmium carcinogenesis.
Qualitative and quantitative differences and patterns of variability in disfluencies emitted by preschool stutterers and nonstutterers during dyadic conversations

Abstract Disfluencies produced by 24 young stuttering and nonstuttering boys (4 to 5 years old) interacting in three dyadic sessions were analyzed. Each child interacted with his own mother, an unfamiliar mother of a stutterer, and an unfamiliar mother of a nonstutterer. Significant quantitative and qualitative differences were found in the number and types of disfluencies emitted by the two groups of children. Stuttering children with more severe disfluency problems differed quantitatively from those with less severe problems. Total frequency of disfluency was highly consistent for both groups of children. Only two disfluency types (tense pauses and whole-word repetitions) showed significant variability across sessions. This research demonstrates the feasibility of differential diagnosis of young stuttering children.
Opposing views: an analysis of resistance to adult literacy and basic education

Traditional ABE and literacy programmes attract less than 5% of the estimated 28,000,000 illiterate adults in North America. If such high non‐participation is seen in a new conceptual framework of resistance theory, the field becomes challenged to see itself critically and to find new learner‐grounded directions for the future. The study discussed here utilized the theories of resistance and reproduction from the New Sociology of Education as a theoretical framework and literary fiction to examine the phenomena of resistance to schooling. The findings are applied to adult basic and literacy programmes in North America with suggestions for future research and changes in practice.