cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Coevolution, modularity and human disease

The concepts of coevolution and modularity have been studied separately for decades. Recent advances in genomics have led to the first systematic studies in each of these fields at the molecular level, resulting in several important discoveries. Both coevolution and modularity appear to be pervasive features of genomic data from all species studied to date, and their presence can be detected in many types of datasets, including genome sequences, gene expression data, and protein-protein interaction data. Moreover, the combination of these two ideas might have implications for our understanding of many aspects of biology, ranging from the general architecture of living systems to the causes of various human diseases.
The Ethics of Ambivalence and the Practice of Constraint in US Psychiatry

This article investigates the ambivalence of front-line mental health clinicians toward their power to impose treatment against people's will. Ambiva- lence denotes both inward uncertainty and a collective process that emerges in the midst of everyday work. In their commentaries about ambivalence, providers struggle with the distance separating their preferred professional self-image as caring from the routine practices of constraint. A detailed case study, drawn from 2 years of qualitative research in a U.S. community psychiatry agency, traces providers' response to the major tools of constraint common in such settings: out- patient commitment and collusion between the mental health and criminal justice systems. The case features a near-breakdown of clinical work caused by sharp disagreements over the ethical legitimacy of constraint. The ethnography depicts clinicians' experience of ambivalence as the complex product of their professional socialization, their relationships with clients, and on-going workplace debates about allowable and forbidden uses of power. As people articulate their ethical sensibility toward constraint, they stumble over the enduring fault lines of community psy- chiatry, and they also develop an ethos of care tailored to the immediate circumstances, the implicit ideologies, and the broad social contexts of their work.
A binucleating “accordian” tetrapyrrole macrocycle

Abstract The synthesis of a side-by-side binucleating porphyrin-related ligand has been accomplished via a Schiff base template-assisted condensation of a 5,5′-diformyldipyrromethane and 1,3-propanediamine.
Response of Cynodon dactylon to prolonged water deficits under saline conditions

Competition for available water resources in both arid and semi-arid locations has led to greater scrutiny of turfgrass irrigation. Irrigation management strategies, including deficit irrigation, need further investigation. The objective of this research was to determine the physiological response of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) to prolonged water deficits under saline conditions. Bermudagrass was grown in large columns packed with three different soil types (sandy loam, silt loam and clay). Synthesized saline irrigation water was applied at three different salinity levels (1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 dS/m). Two previous experiments that were conducted with these columns over a 3.5 year period led to differential profile salinization in all 27 columns. At the end of this 3.5 year period, all irrigations were terminated and plant growth and water status were monitored over a 95 day dry-down period. Midday stomatal conductance, leaf water potential, canopy temperature, soil water in storage and stolon elongation were measured over the experimental period. On day 95, above ground tissue was harvested for dry weight and elemental tissue analysis. Midday stomatal conductance decreased around day 30 in all columns regardless of soil salinity. This decrease was not associated with a threshold leaf water potential, as midday leaf water potentials remained constant over a 60 day period. Stolon elongation also ceased before any deviation in the midday leaf water potential occurred. A concomitant reduction in evapo ranspiration was not associated with the measured decrease in stomatal conductance. This would suggest that bermudagrass may have regulated stomatal activity to compensate for lower conductances during periods of greater stress and/or that measured midday stomatal conductances cannot always be directly coupled to extended time evapotranspiration measurements.
A Novel Creb Family Gene Telomeric of HLA-DRA in the HLA Complex

Abstract cDNA selection was used to identify genes encoded by a 440-kb yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) clone that spanned from HLA-DRA to CYP21 in the HLA complex. An initially selected short cDNA was used to isolate a 2639-nucleotide, apparently full-length cDNA from a human tonsil library. This cDNA contained one extended open reading frame that predicted a protein of 700 amino acids with a basic region and a leucine zipper that is highly similar to members of the Creb/ATF subfamily. High-stringency Southern blotting of total human genomic DNA using this cDNA as the probe showed only a single locus that mapped to the selecting YAC clone. This gene, designated Creb-related protein (Creb-rp), is expressed ubiquitously and is evolutionarily conserved in mammals. It is located in the HLA Class III region 6–10 kb centromeric of the XB gene, which encodes a tenascin-like extracellular matrix protein. Homologous sequences are located in the Class II–Class III interval of the mouse H-2 complex. The amino acid sequence homology and general structural features of the predicted protein indicate that this gene encodes a general transcription factor belonging to the Creb/ATF subfamily of the bZip superfamily.
Sensitive quantitation of endonuclease kinetics.

Abstract Described here is an assay permitting exclusive quantitation of the kinetics of endonucleolysis by a mixed-function nuclease at substrate DNA concentrations much lower than those necessary with other assay method. It makes possible determination of Michaelis parameters Km and kcat for endonuclease activity of such enzymes. The sensitivity of the assay method to very low DNA concentrations is obtained through use of 32P-labelled DNA as substrate. Digested DNA is electrophoresed, and computerized analysis of an autoradiogram made form the gel gives the extent of digestion. The analysis produces a profile of weight fraction vs. DNA fragment size for each sample taken from a nuclease-DNA reaction mixture. Each experimental profile is compared to a family of theoretical profiles generated by computer using theory of polymer statistics and assuming random cleavage. Theoretical profiles are found whose shapes most closely match those of the experimental profiles. Associated with each best-fitting theoretical profile is a value of the number of cuts made in the DNA sample. These values, plotted against time, give intial reaction velocities. Initial velocities from experiments at different DNA concentrations have been used to obtain Kk and kPcat for micrococcal nuclease under specific reaction conditions.
A controlled trial of real and simulated acupuncture in the management of chronic asthma

Abstract In 25 patients with moderate to severe asthma, we compared the therapeutic effectiveness of classic Chinese acupuncture with that of "placebo" acupuncture administered in a randomly ordered, subject- and evaluator-blind, crossover fashion twice weekly for 4 weeks. Real and placebo acupuncture periods were each preceded and followed by 3- to 4-week periods during which no acupuncture was administered. Outcome variables consisted of the following: daily symptoms and medication use self-scored on patient diaries, spirometry and whole body plethysmography performed once weekly during the entire course of the study and repeated serially during 3 hours after real and placebo acupuncture treatment, patients' self-assessment of acute efficacy of acupuncture therapy, and physician's physical findings before and after acupuncture treatment. Two-way analysis of variance failed to reveal a significant effect of either form of acupuncture on symptoms, medication use, or lung function measurements. Similarly, no significant acute effect of acupuncture on lung function, self-ratings of efficacy, or physician's physical findings was found by covariance analysis or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. When data during the entire course of the study were examined on an individual basis by analysis of variance with repeated measures, only two subjects demonstrated significantly favorable responses to real versus placebo acupuncture, but one subject demonstrated the reverse, suggesting that these responses were not specifically related to acupuncture therapy. Thus, our findings failed to demonstrate any short- or long-term benefit of acupuncture therapy in the management of moderate to severe asthma.
MATERNAL ADMINISTRATION OF INTERLEUKIN10 PREVENTS LNAME INDUCED FETAL ANOMALIES BUT NOT GROWTH RESTRICTION † 289

MATERNAL ADMINISTRATION OF INTERLEUKIN10 PREVENTS LNAME INDUCED FETAL ANOMALIES BUT NOT GROWTH RESTRICTION † 289
Magnetic susceptibility of Nb3Sb

Abstract We have measured the magnetic susceptibility of Nb 3 Sb, a low density of states A-15 compound. The measurements were performed on a large single crystal over the temperature range 4 to 294 K. The susceptibility is found to be small with a negative temperature derivative over most of this interval, the total variation being 7%.
Influence of Surface Charge and Hydrocarbon Chain Length on the Sponge−Vesicle Transformation of an Ionized Phospholipid

The influence of charge density and hydrocarbon chain length on the sponge−vesicle transformation of two bilayer-forming ionic phospholipids, the sodium salts of dilauroyl- and dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (NaDLPG and NaDMPG), was examined by measuring the solution properties of the lipids in water. The phase diagrams of these compounds in water indicate they undergo a transformation from a transparent, jelly-like sponge phase to unilamellar vesicles at a critical temperature T*; for NaDLPG T* = 19 °C, and for NaDMPG T* = 31.6 °C. At T > T* multilamellar vesicles form. The Krafft temperature for NaDLPG is ∼5 °C, just above Tm, the gel−liquid crystal transition temperature, and for NaDMPG it is ∼32 °C, slightly higher than T*. For both lipids, the charge density of the equilibrium monolayers at the air/water interface decreases dramatically as T increases and approaches T*. This effect is attributed to hydrolysis of the phosphate moiety of the lipid. Changes in solubility consistent with a decrease in b...
Europe's Industrialization and colonial underdevelopment in the light of Ricardo's corn model

Abstract The paper discusses the dynamics of sectoral resource allocation in an extension of Ricardo's corn model to a North-South world system. It is shown that free trade and capital mobility in the presence of capital accumulation must entail, in the flexible-wage metropolis, a secular shift of resources out of agriculture into manufacturing, accompanied by real wage growth; in the labor-surplus colonies, a necessary expansion of commerical agriculture but an ambiguous evolution of manufacturing output and employment, giving rise to the possibility of a secular contraction in overall colonial market-employment.
Application servers: virtualizing location, resources, memory, users and threads for business applications and web applications

Application servers provide an environment for running business and web applications. By virtualizing threads, data and processing resources, memory and users, they provide the simplifying illusion for the programmer that the application is interacting with a single user, is running alone on the server, and is the sole user of resources, while allowing an efficient realization that scales with the number of users, and available hardware. They also provide a virtual environment where security enforcement and demarcation of transaction boundaries are automatic. This talk will describe some of the major features of modern application servers and show how concepts of virtualization are fundamental to their design and realization.
Effect of Irradiation on Mating Preference and Reproduction Suppression of Drosophila melanogaster

In laboratory studies in 1964 and 1965 with adult Drosophila melanogaster Meigen untreated males showed no mating preference between untreated and treated (irradiated) females, the reproductive potential was suppressed more by introduction of treated males into a population than by introduction of treated females, and suppression of reproduction in a population was about the same when treated males and females or treated males only were introduced.
Clinical management and prevention of delirium

Abstract Delirium affects over one-third of hospitalized elders. Yet it remains under-recognized and often inappropriately evaluated and managed. This contribution summarizes the key steps in delirium management and prevention. The first step is accurate diagnosis. This requires periodic structured mental status screening, and application of a diagnostic algorithm such as the Confusion Assessment Method. Knowledge of the patient's baseline mental status is imperative. The second key step is evaluation; all delirious patients require a thorough evaluation for reversible causes and contributors, including a careful history, physical examination, detailed medication review and selected laboratory testing. The final step is management, which involves the correction of reversible causes and contributors identified above, prevention of complications of delirium, management of behavioural problems using the least toxic means, and support of the functional needs of the patient. Delirious patients are vulnerable and require an intensive interdisciplinary effort to maximize the likelihood of a favourable outcome. Pharmacological intervention should be reserved for key target symptoms that are not controllable using non-pharmacological strategies. Low-dose, high-potency antipsychotics are the treatment of choice. Preferable to managing delirium is preventing it from developing in the first place, which can be accomplished using a proactive, multifactorial protocol that addresses key risk factors in the development of delirium. More research is needed on how to optimally manage this common, morbid and costly syndrome.
Primary leiomyosarcoma of the thoracic aorta presenting as a contained rupture

Primary neoplasms of the aorta are rare and usually present with signs and symptoms due to intraluminal obstruction. A case of a 48-year-old man who presented with a contained rupture of the thoracic aorta secondary to a leiomyosarcoma is reported.
Phenology and Microhabitat Selection of Some Flea Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on Wild and Cultivated Crucifers in Central New York

The flea beetle faunae associated with three cruciferous plants, Dentaria diphylla Michx., Barbarea vulgaris R.Br. and Brassica oleracea L. were investigated in the field near Ithaca, N.Y. The flea beetles were sampled regularly from these plants both in their natural habitats and in cultivated plots. The samples were taken either by visually counting the insects or with a D'Vac vacuum net. The behavior and microhabitat preferences of the beetles were determined by making quantitative observations and counting the individuals on vertical layers of the hosts and on host plants growing in different habitats. The flea beetle loads were calculated on the basis of dry weights of plants and flea beetles. Six flea beetle species were found on these three crucifers. On each plant species there was a dominant flea beetle species which constituted over 60 % of the total specimens collected. When the plants were grown in identical cultivated plots in an open field, the relative abundances of flea beetle species attacking them were greatly altered from the situation found in the natural habitats of the hosts. These results, together with the data on the seasonal abundances, behavior and microhabitat selection of the flea beetles, showed that the phenology and habitats of the plants greatly influence their utilization by different flea beetle species and partially determine the distinctiveness of the crucifer-beetle associations.
COSYN: hardware-software co-synthesis of embedded systems

Hardware-software co-synthesis is the process ofpartitioning an embedded system specification into hardware andsoftware modules to meet performance, power and cost goals. Inthis paper, we present a co-synthesis algorithm which starts withperiodic task graphs with real-time constraints and produces a low-costheterogeneous distributed embedded system architecturemeeting the constraints. The algorithm has the following features:1) it allows the use of multiple types of processing elements (PEs)and inter-PE communication links, where the links can take variousforms (point-to-point, bus, local area network (LAN), etc.), 2) itsupports both concurrent and sequential modes of communicationand computation, 3) it allows both preemptive and non-preemptivescheduling, 4) it employs the concept of an association array totackle the problem of multi-rate systems (which are commonlyfound in multimedia applications), 5) it uses a scheduler based ondynamic deadline-based priority levels for accurate performanceestimation of a co-synthesis solution, 6) it uses a new taskclustering technique which takes the dynamic nature of the criticalpath, and the existence of multiple critical paths in the task graphinto account, and 7) if desired, it also optimizes the architecture forpower consumption (we are not aware of any other co-synthesisalgorithm that optimizes power). Application of the proposedalgorithm to examples from the literature and real-life telecomtransport systems shows its efficacy.
Spontaneous Lorentz violation, Nambu-Goldstone modes, and gravity

The fate of the Nambu-Goldstone modes arising from spontaneous Lorentz violation is investigated. Using the vierbein formalism, it is shown that up to 10 Lorentz and diffeomorphism Nambu-Goldstone modes can appear and that they are contained within the 10 modes of the vierbein associated with gauge degrees of freedom in a Lorentz-invariant theory. A general treatment of spontaneous local Lorentz and diffeomorphism violation is given for various spacetimes, and the fate of the Nambu-Goldstone modes is shown to depend on both the spacetime geometry and the dynamics of the tensor field triggering the spontaneous Lorentz violation. The results are illustrated within the general class of bumblebee models involving vacuum values for a vector field. In Minkowski and Riemann spacetimes, the bumblebee model provides a dynamical theory generating a photon as a Nambu-Goldstone boson for spontaneous Lorentz violation. The Maxwell and Einstein-Maxwell actions are automatically recovered in axial gauge. Associated effects of potential experimental relevance include Lorentz-violating couplings in the matter and gravitational sectors of the Standard-Model Extension and unconventional Lorentz-invariant couplings. In Riemann-Cartan spacetime, the possibility also exists of a Higgs mechanism for the spin connection, leading to the absorption of the propagating Nambu-Goldstone modes into the torsion component of the gravitational field.
Heat transfer performance of an oil jet impinging on a downward-facing stainless steel plate

An experimental study is carried out for the quenching of a stainless steel plate using a single oil jet impinging on the bottom surface of the plate. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the oil jet flow operating conditions on the heat transfer effectiveness when the plate is heated to temperatures ranging from around 115 to 630 °C, and the oil is heated to temperatures ranging from 60 to 75 °C. Tests are conducted on the oil at various temperatures to determine its viscosity. Experiments are conducted for nozzle exit flow rates ranging from 113 to 381 ml/min., oil jet pressures from 3.1 to 12 psi, and nozzle-to-plate surface distances of 0.6 and 1 cm. The variation of the oil heat flux and heat transfer coefficient with the surface temperature for the different quenching parameters is calculated from the acquired temperature data. Tests results show the oil heat transfer effectiveness keeps increasing for increasing plate temperature. Oil jet pressure is shown to have a considerable effect on the oil heat transfer, while the nozzle-to-plate surface distance is shown to have a lesser effect. The results of this study shall lead to a better understanding of the parameters that play an important role in oil quenching for applications that are of interest to the metal process industry.
Comparison of FFT, direct inversion, and conjugate gradient methods for use in pseudo-spectral methods

Abstract Direct matrix inversion methods and the conjugate gradient method are compared with the FFT for speed when used in pseudo-spectral calculations. It is demonstrated that in some cases either of these methods is competitive with an FFT. This is especially true when using direct methods in two dimensions.
Development and validation of an analytical method for identification of granulated nicarbazin by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy

A rapid method was developed for verification of the identity of granulated nicarbazin raw material by near infrared reflectance. A library was developed from 30 second derivative near infrared ref...
Molecular cloning and expression of catrocollastatin, a snake-venom protein from Crotalus atrox (western diamondback rattlesnake) which inhibits platelet adhesion to collagen.

Abstract A 50 kDa protein that inhibits platelet adhesion to collagen has been isolated from snake venom of Crotalus atrox (western diamondback rattlesnake) and has been named 'catrocollastatin'. The cDNA cloning of catrocollastatin has been accomplished. A full-length cDNA of 2310 bp with an open reading frame between nucleotides 51 and 1880 was obtained. The deduced amino acid sequence consists of 609 amino acids. The cDNA-predicted amino acid sequence is highly similar to that of haemorrhagic metalloproteinase jararhagin from Bothrops jararaca venom, HR1B from Trimeresurus flavoviridis, Ht-e from C. atrox and trigramin from T. gramineus. Like jararhagin and HR1B, catrocollastatin is a multidomain molecule composed of an N-terminal domain, a metalloproteinase domain, a disintegrin-like domain and a cysteine-rich C-terminal domain. In the disintegrin-like domain, the frequently seen RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) sequence is replaced by SECD (Ser-Glu-Cys-Asp). This cDNA was expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) (Sf9) insect cells using a baculovirus expression system. Like native catrocollastatin, the expressed protein is capable of selectively blocking collagen-induced platelet aggregation. This is the first full-length clone of a high-molecular-mass haemorrhagin to be expressed.
Intergenerational transmission of maladaptive parenting strategies in families of adolescent mothers: effects from grandmothers to young children

The current longitudinal study examined the effect of the transmission of maladaptive parenting strategies from grandmothers to adolescent mothers on children’s subsequent development. Mexican-origin adolescent mothers (N = 204) participated in home interviews when the adolescent’s child (89 boys, 60 girls) was 2, 3, 4, and 5 years old. Grandmothers’ psychological control toward the adolescent mother was positively related to adolescents’ potential for abuse 1 year later, which was subsequently positively related to adolescents’ punitive discipline toward their young child. In addition, adolescent mothers’ punitive discipline subsequently predicted greater externalizing problems and less committed compliance among their children. Adolescent mothers’ potential for abuse and punitive discipline mediated the effects of grandmothers’ psychological control on children’s externalizing problems. Finally, adolescent mothers’ potential for abuse mediated the effect of grandmothers’ psychological control on adolescent mothers’ punitive discipline. Results highlight the salience of long-term intergenerational effects of maladaptive parenting on children’s behavior.
The Problem of Heterogeneously Catalyzed Partial Oxidation: Model Studies on Single Crystal Surfaces

The oxidation of organic molecules mediated by metal surfaces is a subject of immense importance. Either complete oxidation to water and carbon dioxide or partial and selective oxidation to valuable chemical intermediates may be desired. These two extremes are obviously mutually exclusive, and identification of the surface-bound intermediates involved and their rates of reaction is needed to intelligently design reaction systems favoring partial or complete oxidation. The current understanding of metal mediated oxidation processes is the subject of this chapter.
A peptide permease mutant of Mycobacterium bovis BCG resistant to the toxic peptides glutathione and S-nitrosoglutathione.

Oligopeptides play important roles in bacterial nutrition and signaling. Using sequences from the available genome database for Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, the oligopeptide permease operon (oppBCDA) of Mycobacterium bovis BCG was cloned from a cosmid library. An opp mutant strain was constructed by homologous recombination with an allele of oppD interrupted by kanamycin and streptomycin resistance markers. The deletion was complemented with a wild-type copy of the opp operon. Two approaches were taken to characterize the peptide transporter defect in this mutant strain. First, growth of wild-type and mutant strains was monitored in media containing a wide variety of peptides as sole source of carbon and/or nitrogen. Among 25 peptides ranging from two to six amino acids in length, none was capable of supporting measurable growth as the sole carbon source in either wild-type or mutant strains. The second approach exploited the resistance of permease mutants to toxic substrates. The tripeptide glutathione (γ-glutamyl-l-cyteinylglycine [GSH]) is toxic to wild-type BCG and was used successfully to characterize peptide uptake in the opp mutant. In 2 mM GSH, growth of the wild-type strain is inhibited, whereas the opp mutant is resistant to concentrations as high as 10 mM. Similar results were found with the tripeptide S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), thought to be a donor of NO in mammalian cells. Using incorporation of [3H]uracil to monitor the effects of GSH and GSNO on macromolecular synthesis in growing cells, it was demonstrated that the opp mutant is resistant, whereas the wild type and the mutant complemented with a wild-type copy of the operon are sensitive to both tripeptides. In uptake measurements, incorporation of [3H]GSH is reduced in the mutant compared with wild type and the complemented mutant. Finally, growth of the three strains in the tripeptides suggests that GSH is bacteriostatic, whereas GSNO is bacteriocidal.
Siblings' Use of Milieu Teaching at Home

This study examined the effects of teaching 3 older siblings to use two milieu teaching procedures, modeling and mand modeling, with their younger siblings who exhibited language delays. A single-s...
Autonomous and Growth Factor–Induced Hypertrophy in Cultured Neonatal Mouse Cardiac Myocytes Comparison With Rat

Cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes have been used extensively to study cellular and molecular mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy. However, there are only a few studies in cultured mouse myocytes despite the increasing use of genetically engineered mouse models of cardiac hypertrophy. Therefore, we characterized hypertrophic responses in low-density, serum-free cultures of neonatal mouse cardiac myocytes and compared them with rat myocytes. In mouse myocyte cultures, triiodothyronine (T3), norepinephrine (NE) through a beta-adrenergic receptor, and leukemia inhibitory factor induced hypertrophy by a 20% to 30% increase in [(3)H]phenylalanine-labeled protein content. T3 and NE also increased alpha-myosin heavy chain (MyHC) mRNA and reduced beta-MyHC. In contrast, hypertrophic stimuli in rat myocytes, including alpha(1)-adrenergic agonists, endothelin-1, prostaglandin F(2alpha), interleukin 1beta, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), had no effect on mouse myocyte protein content. In further contrast with the rat, none of these agents increased atrial natriuretic factor or beta-MyHC mRNAs. Acute PMA signaling was intact by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and immediate-early gene (fos/jun) activation. Remarkably, mouse but not rat myocytes had hypertrophy in the absence of added growth factors, with increases in cell area, protein content, and the mRNAs for atrial natriuretic factor and beta-MyHC. We conclude that mouse myocytes have a unique autonomous hypertrophy. On this background, T3, NE, and leukemia inhibitory factor activate hypertrophy with different mRNA phenotypes, but certain Gq- and protein kinase C-coupled agonists do not.
RR interval variation, the QT interval index and risk of primary cardiac arrest among patients without clinically recognized heart disease

Aims Autonomic tone influences RR interval variation (RRV) and the heart rate-corrected QT interval index (QTI). Together, QTI and RRV may improve characterization of sympathovagal control and estimation of risk of primary cardiac arrest. We therefore examined effects of QTI and short-term RRV from standard, 12-lead electrocardiograms on risk of primary cardiac arrest among persons without clinically recognized heart disease. Methods and Results We analysed data from a case-control study of risk factors for primary cardiac arrest among enrollees in a large health plan. Cases (n=505) were enrollees aged 18 to 79 years without history of heart disease who had primary cardiac arrest between 1980 and 1994. Controls (n=529) were a demographically similar, stratified random sample of enrollees. We determined enrollee characteristics from ambulatory medical records, QTI and RRV from standard, 12-lead electrocardiograms, and medication use from automated pharmacy files. Low and high values of QTI and RRV were designated as the first and fifth quintiles of QTI (96% and 107%) and RRV (35ms and 120ms) among controls. In a model adjusting for clinical predictors of primary cardiac arrest, RRV modified the association between QTI and risk of primary cardiac arrest ( P =0·05). Compared to high RRV and low QTI, the risk of primary cardiac arrest (odds ratio [95% CI]) was 0·95 [0·73–1·23] at low RRV and QTI, 1·23 [0·97–1·57] at high RRV and QTI, and 1·55 [1·16–2·06] at low RRV and high QTI. Risk remained elevated after adjustment for other electrocardiographic predictors and medication use. Conclusion Autonomic dysfunction, characterized by high QTI and low RRV on the standard, 12-lead electrocardiogram, is associated with an increased risk of primary cardiac arrest among persons without clinically recognized heart disease.
Mechanics of Woven Fabrics : Part V: Impact of Weavability Limit Parameters on Properties of Fabrics from Yarns with Thickness Variation

Properties of fabrics woven from regular warp yarns and filling yarns with periodic mass variation are studied in terms of weavability limit parameters. Four variables are varied systematically and...
Post-hospitalization transition to home: Patient perspectives of a personalized approach

Objective: Successful transition from hospital to home for persons having multiple chronic illnesses is vital for improved health and reduction of hospital readmissions. This qualitative study was undertaken to explore patients’ experiences with tailored care transition interventions in order to improve future interventions in a planned larger study. Methods: Eighteen patients were interviewed either individually or in focus groups. Patients had previously completed a larger study that evaluated the impact of post-hospital discharge care transitions interventions, which were tailored to cognitive level and patient activation status. Data were analyzed using qualitative, thematic analysis techniques. Results: The overarching theme identified as a result of the qualitative interviews was: Tailoring Interventions to Address the Complexity of Multiple Chronic Illnesses. It included Checking in or checking out: Patient activation and self-management of chronic illness; Increasing complexity: Management of medications for chronic illness; and Paving a path through complexity with caring. These themes were found in all participants, across all groups of the interventions. Conclusions: Tailored interventions, which included individual assessment of needs and development and implementation of a tailored self-management plan, were viewed as effective by patients for self-management of chronic illness, particularly medication reconciliation and weekly goal setting.
The Role of Domestic Courts in Treaty Enforcement: Does International Law Obligate States to Open Their National Courts to Persons for the Invocation of Treaty Norms That Protect or Benefit Persons?

In its decisions in the LaGrand and Avena cases, the International Court of Justice (I.C.J. or Court) determined that Article 36 of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (VCCR) creates "individual rights" (as opposed to just rights of states) and that the United States has an obligation to provide an individual with meaningful access to U.S. courts to vindicate those rights. Based on those determinations, it might be thought that international law generally obligates a state to open its courts for private persons to vindicate rights or benefits that a treaty accords to them, whether or not the treaty expressly provides for such a remedy. Such a proposition, however, is over broad, and does not follow from a close reading of the I.C.J.'s decisions, or from a more general assessment of the international legal system. At present, there is no obligation under general international treaty law, customary international law, or general principles of international law for a state to open its courts for invocation by individuals of treaty norms. Various treaties, however, either expressly or by implication, provide a right for individuals to invoke those treaties in national court systems. The I.C.J.'s decisions in LaGrand and Avena indicate the circumstances in which a right of this kind may be implied in a treaty, but there are also various circumstances that can be postulated for when such a right should not be implied.International law is changing, particularly under the pressures of globalization. It is possible that one aspect of that change will be the ultimate recognition of a general obligation under international law for states to make their national courts available to individuals seeking interpretation and application of treaty norms that are protective of the individual. While there are reasons to welcome a general obligation of that nature, there are also reasons to be wary of it. The caution evinced by the I.C.J. in the LaGrand and Avena cases should be heeded as states and non-state actors contemplate whether such a general norm should be recognized.
Transverse Shearing Stress in Rectangular Plates

By means of the plate equations developed by Eric Reissner, the transverse shearing stresses in a thin, simply-supported, rectangular plate are determined. The load distribution may be defined by any function which can be represented by a double cosine series. The solution for uniform loading is discussed in detail. Experimental results obtained by the frozen-stress technique of photoelasticity are compared with the predictions of the Reissner theory and the classical theory. The boundary conditions used are the vanishing of deflection, bending moments, and twisting moments. The results show a marked difference between the two theories near the corner zones of the plate.
Migration and Population Studies of the Pink Bollworm in the Arid West

In tests conducted in Riverside County, California, in 1970, overwintered pink bollworm moths, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), migrated at least 35 miles to infest an isolated field of cotton. Then high temperatures during late June and early July drastically reduced the population. However, later migrants during August and September of 1970, and also in 1971, produced sufficient larvae to cause significant damage to the crop
Interference with fecal excretion of Zn65 by cadmium.

SummaryThe results of this study indicate that cadmium interferes with fecal excretion of Zn65, resulting in an increased retention of radioactive zinc in liver, kidney and pancreas.
Recent Studies of Chemical Doping in High-Tc Superconductors

Various experimental techniques using synchrotron radiation, transport and magnetic measurements were employed to investigate the effects of chemical doping in different high-Tc superconductors. These results reveal features in the electronic structure which are closely related to the transition temperature, as well as a universal scaling law of flux-pinning force that greatly simplifies the usual complex description of flux pinning in the mixed state as a function of magnetic field, temperature, and chemical doping.
Implementation of the Adjunct Faculty Model

The growing use of adjunct faculty in higher education has drawn its share of criticism. However, it is not necessarily bad to make use of the Adjunct Faculty Model (AFM) to support institutional mission and goals. This research uses content analysis to explore issues regarding how to precisely define the AFM as well as implementation and implications for faculty job satisfaction linked to student learning, which academic leadership (college deans, department chairs, directors) want to know.
New Horizons constraints on Charon's present day atmosphere

Abstract We report on a variety of standard techniques used by New Horizons including a solar ultraviolet occultation, ultraviolet airglow observations, and high-phase look-back particulate search imaging to search for an atmosphere around Pluto's large moon Charon during its flyby in July 2015. Analyzing these datasets, no evidence for a present day atmosphere has been found for 14 potential atomic and molecular species, all of which are now constrained to have pressures below 0.3 nanobar, as we describe below, these are much more stringent upper limits than the previously available 15–110 nanobar constraints (e.g., Sicardy et al., 2006); for example, we find a 3σ upper limit for an N2 atmosphere on Charon is 4.2 picobars and a 3σ upper limit for the brightness of any atmospheric haze on Charon of I/F = 2.6 × 10−5. A radio occultation search for an atmosphere around Charon was also conducted by New Horizons but will be published separately by other authors.
Complete Resolution of Tumor Burden of Primary Cardiac Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Primary cardiac tumors are a rare set of benign and malignant neoplasms found in the heart or pericardium. We describe a patient presenting with nonspecific symptoms and ultimately diagnosed with primary cardiac non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (PCL). Our patient had extensive tumor in the right ventricle, which extended into the right atrium and right ventricular outflow tract. The tumor also encased the right coronary artery, which manifested as ischemic changes on EKG and cardiac MRI. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and achieved complete remission, with dramatic and full resolution of the mass on repeat echocardiography in nine weeks. More studies are needed to understand the optimal management and prognosis of patients with PCL.
π± Spectra in Au+Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=62.4\ {\rm GeV}$

The combination of the ionization energy loss (dE/dx) from Time Projection Chamber (TPC) at ≃ 8% resolution and multi-gap resistive plate chamber time-of-flight (TOF) at 85ps provides powerful particle identification. We present spectra of identified charged pions from transverse momentum pT≃0.2 GeV/c to 7-8 GeV/c in Au+Au collisions at . Physics implications will be discussed.
Morphing the feature-based multi-blocks of normative/healthy vertebral geometries to scoliosis vertebral geometries: development of personalized finite element models.

AbstractPersonalized Finite Element (FE) models and hexahedral elements are preferred for biomechanical investigations. Feature-based multi-block methods are used to develop anatomically accurate personalized FE models with hexahedral mesh. It is tedious to manually construct multi-blocks for large number of geometries on an individual basis to develop personalized FE models. Mesh-morphing method mitigates the aforementioned tediousness in meshing personalized geometries every time, but leads to element warping and loss of geometrical data. Such issues increase in magnitude when normative spine FE model is morphed to scoliosis-affected spinal geometry. The only way to bypass the issue of hex-mesh distortion or loss of geometry as a result of morphing is to rely on manually constructing the multi-blocks for scoliosis-affected spine geometry of each individual, which is time intensive. A method to semi-automate the construction of multi-blocks on the geometry of scoliosis vertebrae from the existing multi-b...
Visual Function in Alzheimer's Disease and Normal Aginga

We examined a wide range of visual behaviors in 59 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 35 elderly control subjects, and 12 young control subjects. A subset of the patients with AD received neuro-ophthalmologic and electrophysiologic examinations in order to evaluate the integrity of the retino-calcarine pathway. Patients with AD showed significant, selective losses in visual function, including color discrimination, stereoacuity, contrast sensitivity, and backward masking, but not in critical flicker fusion. The deficits were not attributable to clinically apparent lesions of the retina or optic nerve. We therefore suggest that AD lesions in primary visual and posterior association cortices underlie the observed behavioral abnormalities.
You Can Never Go Home

A colleague told me a story about a young correctional officer who had just graduated from his training. He started work at the most secure prison in the area. At that time, he was in his late twenties. In high school, he had been a star baseball pitcher on his way to a great senior year when a shoulder injury sidelined him. He was never sure whether the injury limited his later progress or if he was never as good as he had hoped. His dream of becoming a major-league pitcher ended in a dismal season on a dusty minor league field in Texas. He came back home and drifted from job to job. Eventually, he decided to become a police officer, but he couldn’t pass the entrance examination. He hadn’t planned on working in a prison, but he passed the correctional officers’ exam and was relieved to have found a steady job.
Computation and Use of Expected Mean Squares in Analysis of Variance

The available procedures for the computation and use of expected mean squares (EMS) in analysis of variance are reviewed. The discussion is tutorial in nature and includes algorithms for EMS computation, the selection of appropriate error terms in const..
DCS - Securing Short-Range Wireless Communication

Privacy in the connected world is a huge user concern. Short range communication utilizes various inter-entity forms such as end-terminal, token and mobile. Services like micro-payments applied especially in point of sale (POS) terminals and peer-to-peer (P2P) communication mainly use near-field communication (NFC) protocol. This radio-based communication link may be compromised through different attacks including eavesdropping, data corruption and Man-In-the-Middle (MITM) attacks. Existing solutions provide complex proposals mainly for an authentication phase prior to data communication. In this article, we expand on a new key agreement mechanism, dual channel security (DCS) that aims at overcoming the vulnerabilities and attacks that are arising from well-known protocols. This model consists of one major component: an optical key-agreement link. It will ensure the achievement of the security requirements against common eavesdropping, data corruption and MITM attacks. Furthermore, we evaluate the performance and effectiveness of our approach through several tests and comparisons.
Microwave Spectra and Structure of Ar-1,3-Difluorobenzene.

The microwave spectrum of the dimer Ar-1,3-difluorobenzene from 2 to 18 GHz is reported. The spectrum has been observed using a chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave (CP-FTMW) spectrometer that has recently been expanded to include the 2-6 GHz region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Details of this upgraded spectrometer are reported. Eighty-seven transitions were observed for the parent dimer spectrum, which was adequately fit to a semirigid rotational Hamiltonian consisting of A, B, and C as well as four quartic centrifugal distortion constants. Observations of 13C species in natural abundance were aided by utilizing smaller chirp ranges of 7-9 and 9-11 GHz for 1.9 million and 3.73 million averages, respectively. Assignment of 13C isotopologues allowed for determination of the Kraitchman coordinates of the carbon atoms as well as inertial fits of the complex. The quantum-chemical structure predicts an Ar to monomer center of mass distance of 3.48 A, compared with 3.564(1) A determined from experimental structural analysis. This new study indicates that in fluorinated benzene-Ar dimers, when the fluorines are separated by more carbon atoms, the Ar-ring center distance decreases.
Phospholipase C-epsilon Mediates Inflammatory Responses in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Progression through its Role in Astrocyte GPCR Signaling

Phospholipase C-epsilon (PLCɛ) is a novel signaling molecule that integrates upstream G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) activation to downstream biological processes. We previously demonstrated tha...
Parent–Child Interaction Therapy for Children with Selective Mutism (PCIT-SM)

Selective mutism is a psychological disorder in which children do not speak to others in certain social settings (e.g., school, daycare) even though they are able to speak in other settings, such as at home with family. Treatment options are often limited for children with this disorder due to the young age of onset, low prevalence rate, and type of problematic behavior displayed by the child (e.g., non-disruptive, lack of speech to clinicians). Parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) has been adapted to fill this gap and to provide appropriate treatment for children with selective mutism. The current chapter includes a description of the clinical presentation of selective mutism as well as the etiology and maintenance of this disorder. Following a discussion of the need for a lateral extension of the original protocol for this population, the chapter describes the adapted PCIT model, including the altered assessment procedures and treatment phases. Information is also provided about medication use for selective mutism. Finally, future areas for research and clinical development regarding the adapted treatment model are discussed.