cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Executive functioning and central coherence in anorexia nervosa: Pilot investigation of a neurocognitive endophenotype

A neurocognitive profile characterized by problems in set shifting, executive functioning, and central coherence may pre-date and maintain anorexia nervosa (AN). To test this pattern as a possible endophenotype for AN, 10 youth with current AN, 14 healthy youth, and their biological parents, participated in a neuropsychological battery. Youth with AN demonstrated significantly weaker central coherence, related to enhanced detail-focused processing. Youth with AN and their parents demonstrated significantly greater psychopathology relative to controls, and youth-parent scores were significantly correlated. The study, limited by a small sample size, found little evidence supporting a neuropsychological endophenotype for AN. Identifying a neurocognitive profile for children and adolescents with AN has important implications for the treatment of young patients.
Load Capacity of Corrugated Steel Pipe with Extreme Corrosion under Shallow Cover

AbstractAcross the United States, a large number of corrugated steel pipes, installed three or four decades ago, are approaching the end of their useful service life. In many cases, these aging dra...
BEoL Layout Design Considerations to Mitigate CPI Risk

We present a summary of some of the main Back End of Line (BEoL) design optimization techniques to mitigate Chip Package Interaction (CPI) risk in flip-chip configuration. Optimization techniques include metal tiles right on top of the metal stack at the corner of the die beyond the bumps, diagonal final aluminum cap metal lines under the corner bumps, octagon shape of the pads under the bumps, 80° PSPI angle opening, as well as wider double rail crackstops.
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography: Complications, emergencies, and related topics

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a commonly performed procedure with both diagnostic and therapeutic indications. Following wider adoption of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound, a shift emerged toward the interventional use of ERCP. Inherent to this shift was the evolution of procedural risk profile, resulting in a greater propensity for more severe periprocedural morbidity. Because ERCPs are so ubiquitous, it is imperative for medical and surgical practitioners to posses excellent knowledge of the risks, benefits, and therapeutic/diagnostic alternatives. The intent of the current manuscript is to provide an authoritative review on the topics of ERCP-related complications, emergencies, and related subject matter. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Patient care and procedural skills, Medical knowledge, Practice-based learning and improvement.
CaLcs: Continuously Approximating Longest Common Subsequence for Sequence Level Optimization

Maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) is one of the most widely used approaches for training structured prediction models for text-generation based natural language processing applications. However, besides exposure bias, models trained with MLE suffer from wrong objective problem where they are trained to maximize the word-level correct next step prediction, but are evaluated with respect to sequence-level discrete metrics such as ROUGE and BLEU. Several variants of policy-gradient methods address some of these problems by optimizing for final discrete evaluation metrics and showing improvements over MLE training for downstream tasks like text summarization and machine translation. However, policy-gradient methods suffers from high sample variance, making the training process very difficult and unstable. In this paper, we present an alternative direction towards mitigating this problem by introducing a new objective (CaLcs) based on a differentiable surrogate of longest common subsequence (LCS) measure that captures sequence-level structure similarity. Experimental results on abstractive summarization and machine translation validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Perspectives of Public and Nonprofit Managers on Communications in Human Services Contracting

Government contracts and grants constitute the largest funding source for the majority of nonprofit organizations. Contracts for complex services, such as those involved in delivering human service...
Abstract WP271: Incidence of Diagnostic Error in Cerebral Vein Thrombosis at a Single Urban Center

Introduction: An estimated 150,000 cerebrovascular events are misdiagnosed in US emergency departments each year. Cerebral vein thrombosis (CVT) is a rare cerebrovascular disease caused by a thromb...
Russia’s Proud Past and Patriotic Identity: A Case Study of Historical Accounts in Contemporary Russian History Textbooks

In December 2014, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed the Osnovy gosudarstvennoi kul’turnoi politiki (Fundamentals of State Cultural Policy), which emphasizes the preservation of and promotion of Russian culture as essential for a unified and powerful country. A key means for implementing the Osnovy gosudarstvennoi kul’turnoi politiki appears in the efforts to construct a new history curriculum designed to correct alleged historical distortions and to produce a unified historical narrative. Selected textbooks from the publisher Prosveshchenie (Enlightenment) serve as the sources used to investigate this construction of a standard historical account. In particular, this paper will stress that the use of specific words or phrases as well as the very similar recounting of historical events across different class levels (aged 15–17) reveals the development of a single historical narrative for major occurrences in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Among the events chosen are ones that have caused particular concern to Russian leaders, including Russia’s actions in the First World War; the conclusion of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact; the initial days of the Great Patriotic War; the growth of communism in Eastern Europe; and the recent incorporation of the Crimean Peninsula into the Russian Federation. Ultimately, this paper will argue that an approved historical narrative aims to form patriotic students, the New Russian Citizens, who have immense pride in their heritage and who consequently will develop unwavering support for a strong Russia on the global stage.
Non-traumatic rupture of the ligamentum flavum with symptomatic spontaneous lumbar epidural hematoma: A case report

Abstract We present a case of a healthy 31 year-old male plumber who presented to the emergency room with acute onset back pain that acutely developed after simply bending over. He developed radiculopathy and cauda equina syndrome over a period of hours. An MRI demonstrated an acute lumbar epidural hematoma and a disruption of the ligamentum flavum, suggesting that he may have torn the ligament with lumbar flexion. The patient was taken to the operating room for an emergent lumbar decompression and recovered full neurological function post-operatively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a spontaneous symptomatic lumbar epidural hematoma resulting from a non-traumatic ligamentum flavum rupture.
Blunt Thoracolumbar-Spine Trauma Evaluation in the Emergency Department: A Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy for History, Physical Examination, and Imaging.

Abstract Background Delayed diagnoses of unstable thoracolumbar spine (TL-spine) fractures can result in neurologic deficits and avoidable pain, so it is important for clinicians to reach prompt diagnostic decisions. There are no validated decision aids for determining which trauma patients warrant TL-spine imaging. Objective Our aim was to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the injury mechanism, physical examination, associated injuries, clinical decision aids, and imaging for evaluating blunt TL-spine trauma patients. Methods A search strategy for studies including adult blunt TL-spine trauma using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CENTRAL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed. Excluded studies lacked data to construct 2 × 2 tables, were duplicates, were not primary research, did not focus on blunt trauma, examined associated injuries without any utility in identifying TL-spine injuries, only studied cervical-spine fractures, were non-English, had a pediatric setting, or were cadaver/autopsy reports. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies. Diagnostic predictors were analyzed with a meta-analysis of sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios. Results In blunt trauma patients in the emergency department, the weighted pretest probability of a TL-spine fracture was 15%. The estimates for detection of TL-spine fractures with plain film were: positive likelihood ratio (+LR) = 25.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.1–152.2; I2 = 94%; p Conclusions CT is more accurate than plain films for detecting TL-spine fractures. Injury mechanism, physical examination, and associated injuries alone are not accurate to rule-in or rule-out TL-spine fractures.
MYOCARDITIS AND FEVERS: TICKING OFF THE LIST OF POSSIBILITIES

The prevalence tickborne illnesses has been increasing in the United States with an expanding geographic footprint over the last twenty years. While Lyme disease continues to be most common, nearly 20% of cases are due to non-Lyme pathogens, and recognizing their cardiotropic effects is increasingly
Comparative Analysis of Single Versus Multiple Behavioral Economics Intervention Components on Children's Food Intake from The National School Lunch Program

Student waste of National School Lunch Program (NSLP) meals may contribute to childhood obesity as students may compensate with energy-dense, low-nutrient foods. We previously demonstrated a multip...
TextCube: automated construction and multidimensional exploration

Today's society is immersed in a wealth of text data, ranging from news articles, to social media, research literature, medical records, and corporate reports. A grand challenge of data science and engineering is to develop effective and scalable methods to extract structures and knowledge from massive text data to satisfy diverse applications, without extensive, corpus-specific human annotations.In this tutorial, we show that TextCube provides a critical information organization structure that will satisfy such an information need. We overview a set of recently developed data-driven methods that facilitate automated construction of TextCubes from massive, domain-specific text corpora, and show that TextCubes so constructed will enhance text exploration and analysis for various applications. We focus on new TextCube construction methods that are scalable, weakly-supervised, domain-independent, language-agnostic, and effective (i.e., generating quality TextCubes from large corpora of various domains). We will demonstrate with real datasets (including news articles, scientific publications, and product reviews) on how TextCubes can be constructed to assist multidimensional analysis of massive text corpora.
Significance of Best Spirometry in the First Year After Bilateral Lung Transplantation: Association With 3-Year Outcomes.

Background Spirometry is the cornerstone of monitoring allograft function after lung transplantation (LT). We sought to determine the association of variables on best spirometry during the first year after bilateral LT with 3-year posttransplant survival. Methods We reviewed charts of patients who survived at least 3 months after bilateral LT (n = 157; age ± SD: 54 ± 13 y, male:female = 91:66). Best spirometry was calculated as the average of 2 highest measurements at least 3 weeks apart during the first year. Airway obstruction was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1-second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio 80%, 60%-80%, and Results Overall, 3-year survival was 67% (n = 106). Obstructive defect was uncommon (7%) and did not have an association with 3-year survival (72% versus 67%, P = 0.7). Although one-half patients achieved an FVC>80% predicted (49%), 1 in 5 (19%) remained below 60% predicted. Irrespective of the type of ventilatory defect, survival worsened as the best FVC (% predicted) got lower (>80: 80.8%; 60-80: 63.3%; Conclusions A significant proportion of bilateral LT patients do not achieve FVC>80% predicted. Although the type of ventilatory defect on best spirometry does not predict survival, failure to achieve FVC>80% predicted during the first year was independently associated with 3-year mortality.
Adrenal angiosarcoma with metastasis: Imaging and histopathology of a rare adrenal cancer

Adrenal angiosarcoma is an extremely rare malignancy with few reported cases in the literature. Patients may be asymptomatic or have nonspecific complaints at presentation. There are no pathognomonic imaging findings, while histopathology can be confounding due to overlap with other disease processes. We present a case of a 38-year-old woman with a long history of cocaine abuse who had metastatic adrenal angiosarcoma at the time of presentation. The adrenal tumor was an incidental finding on imaging. CT demonstrated a heterogeneous mass in the right adrenal gland with central calcification, and MRI identified central necrosis in the mass. Histopathology demonstrated sheets of epithelioid cells, dilated anastomotic vascular spaces, and abundant necrosis, and immunohistochemistry was positive for various vascular markers. The findings were consistent with adrenal angiosarcoma. The patient underwent adrenalectomy and is now receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Due to the aggressive nature of adrenal angiosarcoma, timely diagnosis and treatment is critical. This case adds to the sparse literature surrounding this disease by highlighting crucial imaging and histopathologic findings that will aid in more efficient diagnosis. Although rare, the disease should be considered in the context of suspicious adrenal lesions. In the future, structured review of all reported cases of adrenal angiosarcoma can help inform diagnosis and therapy for this rare disease.
Data sharing, management, use, and reuse: Practices and perceptions of scientists worldwide.

Background With data becoming a centerpiece of modern scientific discovery, data sharing by scientists is now a crucial element of scientific progress. This article aims to provide an in-depth examination of the practices and perceptions of data management, including data storage, data sharing, and data use and reuse by scientists around the world. Methods The Usability and Assessment Working Group of DataONE, an NSF-funded environmental cyberinfrastructure project, distributed a survey to a multinational and multidisciplinary sample of scientific researchers in a two-waves approach in 2017-2018. We focused our analysis on examining the differences across age groups, sub-disciplines of science, and sectors of employment. Findings Most respondents displayed what we describe as high and mediocre risk data practices by storing their data on their personal computer, departmental servers or USB drives. Respondents appeared to be satisfied with short-term storage solutions; however, only half of them are satisfied with available mechanisms for storing data beyond the life of the process. Data sharing and data reuse were viewed positively: over 85% of respondents admitted they would be willing to share their data with others and said they would use data collected by others if it could be easily accessed. A vast majority of respondents felt that the lack of access to data generated by other researchers or institutions was a major impediment to progress in science at large, yet only about a half thought that it restricted their own ability to answer scientific questions. Although attitudes towards data sharing and data use and reuse are mostly positive, practice does not always support data storage, sharing, and future reuse. Assistance through data managers or data librarians, readily available data repositories for both long-term and short-term storage, and educational programs for both awareness and to help engender good data practices are clearly needed.
Anode-free, Lean-Electrolyte Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Enabled by Tellurium-Stabilized Lithium Deposition

Summary For realizing practically viable lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, it is imperative to stabilize Li deposition and improve cyclability while reducing excess Li and electrolyte. We have discovered that introducing tellurium (Te) into the Li-S system as a cathode additive significantly improves the reversibility of Li plating and stripping by forming a tellurized and sulfide-rich solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on the Li surface. A remarkable improvement in cyclability is demonstrated in anode-free full cells with limited Li inventory and large-area Li-S pouch cells under lean electrolyte conditions. Tellurium reacts with polysulfides to generate soluble polytellurosulfides that migrate to the anode side and form stabilizing lithium thiotellurate and lithium telluride in situ as SEI components. A significant reduction in electrolyte decomposition on the Li surface is also engendered. This work demonstrates Te inclusion as a viable strategy for stabilizing Li deposition and establishes a robust evaluation framework for preserving electrochemical performance under limited Li and limited electrolyte conditions.
Construction Progress Monitoring Using Cyber-Physical Systems

The unprecedented growth of data on construction site through unmanned ground and aerial vehicles, smartphones, fixed cameras and sensors and the development of robotics, computer vision, and construction management provide a unique opportunity to establish a CPS to automate and streamline progress monitoring from data collection, progress and activity tracking, and reporting. Automated ground robots and drones collect data and upload to the cloud system, the system generates Reality models and analyze construction activities using state-of-the-art computer vision techniques. The models are then fused with Building Information Model (BIM) and project schedules to detect and track the progress in real-time. To make the models actionable, the CPS generates visual analytics in the format of digital models, dashboards to physical reports, weekly work plans to facilitate the project control decision making. In this chapter, we present how the latest robotics, computer vision technologies with construction management theories that can establish a CPS to enable performance tracking. We introduce the cutting edge techniques for each component in the CPS such as deep learning, object detection in the context of construction progress monitoring and discuss the underlying method with a use case. The challenges of using these techniques in construction progress monitoring and the open research areas are also discussed in detail.
Longitudinal Follow-up of Superior Laryngeal Nerve Block for Chronic Neurogenic Cough:

ObjectiveTo demonstrate longitudinal follow-up for patients who underwent in-office superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) block with lidocaine and steroids for chronic neurogenic cough.Study DesignLongitu...
UNIT 12.6 Purification of DNA-Binding Proteins Using Biotin/Streptavidin Affinity Systems

Short fragments of DNA-either natural or formed from oligonucleotides-containing a high-affinity site for a DNA-binding protein provide a powerful tool for purification. The biotin/streptavidin purification system is based on the tight and essentially irreversible complex that biotin forms with streptavidin. In this procedure, a DNA fragment is prepared that contains a high-affinity binding site for the protein of interest, and a molecule of biotinylated nucleotide is then incorporated into one of the ends of the DNA fragment. The protein of interest binds to the DNA, and then this complex binds (via the biotin moiety) to the tetrameric protein streptavidin. Next, the protein/biotinylated fragment/streptavidin ternary complex is efficiently isolated by adsorption onto a biotin-containing resin. Since streptavidin is multivalent, it is able to serve as a bridge between the biotinylated DNA fragment and the biotin-containing resin. Proteins remaining in the supernatant are removed by washing, and the resin-bound protein is then eluted with a high-salt buffer. An alternate protocol describes a microcolumn method that is useful for larger volumes of biotin-cellulose resin. This method is also used to elute the protein in as small a volume (i.e., as high a concentration) as possible. Another variation on the basic procedure is provided in which streptavidin-agarose is employed.
Discursive stickiness: Affective institutional texts and activist resistance:

Pushing the bounds of public relations theory and research, we explore how institutional texts have produced and reified stigmas around gender transgression and how these texts are bound up in mome...
Operating Liquid-Cooled Large-Scale Systems: Long-Term Monitoring, Reliability Analysis, and Efficiency Measures

The past decade has seen a rise in the use of liquid cooling due to its energy efficiency. While many previous works have helped make progress toward improving data center cooling, a vast majority of them perform studies on a small system over a short span. The computer systems and HPC community lacks a long-term study highlighting the challenges and solutions in operating a liquid-cooled large-scale data center. We conduct the first detailed characterization of a petascale supercomputer, Mira, over a span of six years. The study is enabled by systematic monitoring of the environmental metrics, and discusses new research avenues, including coolant monitor failures.
Suppression of artifact-generating echoes in cine DENSE using deep learning.

PURPOSE To use deep learning for suppression of the artifact-generating T1 -relaxation echo in cine displacement encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) for the purpose of reducing the scan time. METHODS A U-Net was trained to suppress the artifact-generating T1 -relaxation echo using complementary phase-cycled data as the ground truth. A data-augmentation method was developed that generates synthetic DENSE images with arbitrary displacement-encoding frequencies to suppress the T1 -relaxation echo modulated for a range of frequencies. The resulting U-Net (DAS-Net) was compared with k-space zero-filling as an alternative method. Non-phase-cycled DENSE images acquired in shorter breath-holds were processed by DAS-Net and compared with DENSE images acquired with phase cycling for the quantification of myocardial strain. RESULTS The DAS-Net method effectively suppressed the T1 -relaxation echo and its artifacts, and achieved root Mean Square(RMS) error = 5.5 ± 0.8 and structural similarity index = 0.85 ± 0.02 for DENSE images acquired with a displacement encoding frequency of 0.10 cycles/mm. The DAS-Net method outperformed zero-filling (root Mean Square error = 5.8 ± 1.5 vs 13.5 ± 1.5, DAS-Net vs zero-filling, P < .01; and structural similarity index = 0.83 ± 0.04 vs 0.66 ± 0.03, DAS-Net vs zero-filling, P < .01). Strain data for non-phase-cycled DENSE images with DAS-Net showed close agreement with strain from phase-cycled DENSE. CONCLUSION The DAS-Net method provides an effective alternative approach for suppression of the artifact-generating T1 -relaxation echo in DENSE MRI, enabling a 42% reduction in scan time compared to DENSE with phase-cycling.
Development of emotion processing and regulation: Insights from event-related potentials and implications for internalizing disorders.

Abstract Emotionally-salient stimuli receive selective attention and elicit complex neural responses that evolve considerably across development. Event-related potentials (ERPs) optimally capture the dynamics of emotion processing and regulation, with sensitivity to detect changes in magnitude, latency, and maximal location across development. In this selective qualitative review, we summarize evidence of developmental changes in neural reactivity to emotional stimuli and modulation of neural responses during emotion regulation indexed by ERPs across infancy, childhood, and adolescence. The cumulative ERP literature suggests the transition from childhood to adulthood is characterized by a gradual decrease in neural reactivity to emotional stimuli and increased efficiency in attentional allocation towards emotional stimuli. Some studies show sensitivity to emotional stimuli peaks in adolescence, but the evidence is mixed. While both early ( 300 ms) ERPs demonstrate sensitivity to emotional stimuli, emotional modulation is more consistently observed in relatively later ERPs across development. The literature additionally shows improvements in regulation abilities across development, though ERP research on developmental changes in emotion regulation is still relatively limited, highlighting a critical direction for future research. Finally, we briefly discuss changes in emotion-related ERPs relevant to the emergence of depression and anxiety. Findings from this review indicate that ERPs provide abundant information about the development of emotion processing and regulation, with potential clinical utility for detecting early-emerging vulnerabilities for internalizing forms of psychopathology.
Fractures of the Volar Margin of the Middle Phalanx Associated with Unstable Dorsal Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Dislocation

An unstable dorsal fracture-dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint is caused by a linear longitudinal compression force on the finger with a simultaneous hyperextension stress at the proximal interphalangeal joint. Although a variety of injuries may produce this fracture, the most common cause in our practice is catching a ball. If the fracture involves 40 percent of the articular surface or more, the middle phalanx loses not only the support of the volar margin of the middle phalanx but also that of the collateral ligaments and the volar plate complex, which are attached to this fragment. The middle phalanx, therefore, loses its buttressing effect and becomes dorsally displaced, unstable, and difficult if not impossible to reduce by closed methods (Fig. 29-1 A).
The Impact of Landowner/Lessor Environmental Risk on Oil and Gas Lessee Rights and Obligations

t Professor of Law, Washburn University School of Law. 1. See generally David E. Pierce, The Emerging Role of "Liability-Forcing" in Environmental Protection, 30 WASHBURN L.J. 381, 382-83 (1991) [hereinafter Liability-Forcing]. 2. Relatively "small" environmental cleanups can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars; larger problems can cost tens of millions of dollars. E.g., Quaker State Corp. v. U.S. Coast Guard, 681 F. Supp. 280, 283, 285 (W.D. Pa. 1988) (requiring surface owner to reimburse Coast Guard $430,000 for cleanup of oil containment pit); United States v. Hardage, 750 F. Supp. 1460, 1462 (W.D. Okla. 1990) (cleanup cost estimates ranging from $54 million to $150 million), affd in part, rev'd in part, 982 F.2d 1436, 1448 (10th Cir. 1992), cert. denied sub nom. Advance Chern. Co. v. United States, 114 S. Ct. 300 (1993).
A Re-Examination of Price Pressure Around Seasoned Equity Offerings

This study investigates the presence of temporary price pressure effects around the offer date of SEOs. SEOs experience significant negative abnormal returns immediately prior to the offer date and significant positive abnormal returns immediately following the offer date. Temporary price pressure can explain much of these returns, as evidenced by: (i) pre-offer returns are related to several characteristics associated with price pressure, and (ii) there is an inverse relation between pre- and post-offer returns. Using an instrumental variables approach, I find that a large portion of the pre-offer abnormal returns reverse during the few trading days after the offer.
Rehabilitación pulmonar e índice BODE en la EPOC

RESUMEN: El indice BODE, que integra el indice de masa corporal, la limitacion del flujo respiratorio (volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo), la disnea y la prueba de la marcha durante 6 min, predice la mortalidad en la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva cronica (EPOC). La rehabilitacion pulmonar (RP) mejora algunos componentes del indice BODE. Se formulo la hipotesis de que los cambios de este indice podrian reflejar los efectos de la RP. Para probarlo, se ofrecio la participacion en RP a 246 pacientes (cuartiles del indice BODE 2-4). Se dividio a los pacientes del modo siguiente: sin RP (130 que rehusaron la rehabilitacion o que la abandonaron) y RP (116 que la completaron). El indice BODE se determino en el momento de la inclusion, despues de la RP y a los 1 y 2 anos. Otras variables analizadas fueron: duracion de la estancia hospitalaria (DEH) de los ingresos relacionados con problemas respiratorios y mortalidad. En el momento de la inclusion, en ambos grupos se identificaron una edad y comorbilidades similares, pero una puntuacion diferente del indice BODE. Despues de la RP, el indice mejoro en un 19% y recupero el valor basal despues de 2 anos. En el grupo sin RP el indice BODE empeoro en un 4% a los 12 meses y en un 18% a los 2 anos. Para el grupo RP, la mortalidad respiratoria a los 2 anos fue del 7% comparado con un 39% en el grupo sin RP. Para la EPOC la DEH al ano disminuyo un 20% en el grupo RP, mientras que en el grupo sin RP aumento un 25%. En conclusion, la participacion en la rehabilitacion pulmonar mejora el indice BODE y se asocia con mejores resultados. Despues de la rehabilitacion pulmonar el cambio del indice BODE proporciona informacion pronostica valiosa. Eur Respir J 2005; 26: 630-636.
Dynamics of thalamo-cortical network oscillations and human perception.

There is increasing evidence that human cognitive functions can be addressed from a robust neuroscience perspective. In particular, the distributed coherent electrical properties of central neuronal ensembles are considered to be a promising avenue of inquiry concerning global brain functions. The intrinsic oscillatory properties of neurons (Llinas, R. (1988) The intrinsic electrophysiological properties of mammalian neurons: Insights into central nervous system function. Science, 242: 1654-1664), supported by a large variety of voltage-gated ionic conductances are recognized to be the central elements in the generation of the temporal binding required for cognition. Research in neuroscience further indicates that oscillatory activity in the gamma band (25-50 Hz) can be correlated with both sensory acquisition and pre-motor planning, which are non-continuous functions in the time domain. From this perspective, gamma-band activity is viewed as serving a broad temporal binding function, where single-cell oscillators and the conduction time of the intervening pathways support large multicellular thalamo-cortical resonance that is closely linked with cognition and subjective experience. Our working hypothesis is that although dedicated units achieve sensory processing, the cognitive binding process is a common mechanism across modalities. Moreover, it is proposed that such time-dependent binding when altered, will result in modifications of the sensory motor integration that will affect and impair cognition and conscious perception.
Designing and Implementing Cross‐Sector Collaborations: Needed and Challenging

Theoretical and empirical work on collaboration has proliferated in the last decade. The authors’ 2006 article on designing and implementing cross-sector collaborations was a part of, and helped stimulate, this growth. This article reviews the authors’ and others’ important theoretical frameworks from the last decade, along with key empirical results. Research indicates how complicated and challenging collaboration can be, even though it may be needed now more than ever. The article concludes with a summary of areas in which scholarship offers reasonably settled conclusions and an extensive list of recommendations for future research. The authors favor research that takes a dynamic, multilevel systems view and makes use of both quantitative and qualitative methods, especially using longitudinal comparative case studies.
Status of commercial fuel cell powerplant system development

The primary focus is on the development of commercial Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC) powerplant systems because the PAFC, which has undergone extensive development, is currently the closest fuel cell system to commercialization. Shorter discussions are included on the high temperature fuel cell systems which are not as mature in their development, such as the Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) and the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). The alkaline and the Solid Polymer Electrolyte (SPE) fuel cell systems, are also included, but their discussions are limited to their prospects for commercial development. Currently, although the alkaline fuel cell continues to be used for important space applications there are no commercial development programs of significant size in the USA and only small efforts outside. The market place for fuel cells and the status of fuel cell programs in the USA receive extensive treatment. The fuel cell efforts outside the USA, especially the large Japanese programs, are also discussed.
Agreement problems in networks with directed graphs and switching topology

In this paper, we provide tools for convergence and performance analysis of an agreement protocol for a network of integrator agents with directed information flow. We also analyze algorithmic robustness of this consensus protocol for networks with mobile nodes and switching topology. A connection is established between the Fiedler eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian and the performance of this agreement protocol. We demonstrate that a class of directed graphs, called balanced graphs, have a crucial role in solving average-consensus problems. Based on the properties of balanced graphs, a group disagreement function (i.e. Lyapunov function) is proposed for convergence analysis of this agreement protocol for networks with directed graphs and switching topology.
Langlands parameters for Heisenberg modules

We describe a “spectral decomposition” of the category of representations of a Heisenberg Lie algebra whose parameter space is the moduli space of the de Rham local systems for the dual torus on the formal punctured disc, and the fibers are equal to the category of representations of the (twisted) lattice Heisenberg algebra.
The effect of propylthiouracil on the intrathyroid metabolism of iodine in rats.

It has long been known that treatment with propylthiouracil and other antithyroid drugs inhibits organic binding of iodine and leads to a reduction in total iodine in the thyroid (1). The work of Franklin et al. (2-4) showed that these agents also prevent incorporation of radioiodine into organic compounds by thyroid slices in Z.&O. Pitt-Rivers (5), finding that acetyldiiodotyrosine did not form acetylthyroxine when incubated with these compounds, suggested that they may act by inhibiting coupling of diiodotyrosines to form thyroxine in vivo. However, Slingerland (6) was unable to obtain evidence in support of this possibility. Recent investigations have suggested that although propylthiouracil blocks the iodination of tyrosyl groups in thyroglobulin, it inhibits the formation of diiodotyrosine more strongly than the formation of monoiodotyrosine. Slingerland et al. (7) felt that this block favored the synthesis of triiodothyronine over that of thyroxine, whereas Richards and Ingbar (8) found no triiodothyronine and a reduced quantity of thyroxine in the glands of rats treated with small amounts of propylthiouracil. All of the studies on the effect of propylthiouracil on the intrathyroid metabolism of radioiodine have been conducted by administration of radioiodine after treatment with graded doses of the drug. In the studies to be described we thought it might be informative to “label” the thyroids of animals before drug treatment and to follow subsequently the radioactivity in the several iodine-containing compounds in the glands after instituting antithyroid treatment.
Generational Conversion? The Role of Religiosity in the Politics of Evangelicals

The political environment for evangelical Protestants has changed substantially since the Christian Right reached its apex, as a more issue and ideologically diffuse political environment has emerged. The present study tests two different theoretical perspectives on whether these contextual changes may have altered Millennial evangelicals’ political perspectives vis-a-vis those of previous generations of evangelicals. On the one hand, theoretical perspectives related to differential political socialization processes across generations would lead to expectations of generational change among evangelicals. On the other hand, theoretical perspectives related to social identity theory would suggest far less change across generations. Using Pew's 2007 U.S. Religious Landscape Survey, we test these expectations by comparing the relationships between religiosity and political attitudes across three generations of evangelicals. Ordered probit and logistic regression models estimate the impact of religiosity on various political attitudes. These models reveal that Millennial evangelical religiosity continues to be strongly related to Republican Party identification and opposition toward abortion, which is largely consistent with the social identity perspective. Generational change is most evident in a variety of nonsocial issues in which religiosity is associated with less conservatism among Millennials. Additional analysis using the 2012 Religion and Politics Survey with a smaller sample of Millennial evangelicals confirms these results.
Scintillators for Alpha and Neutron Radiations Synthesized by Room Temperature Sol–Gel Processing

Solid-state scintillating materials were synthesized by the co-doping of sol–gel components with neutron absorbers [6Li and 10B], organic fluorescence sensitizers such as salicylic acid and 2,5-diphenyloxazole (PPO) and activator 1,4-bis-2-(5-phenyloxazolyl)-benzene (POPOP). The room-temperature sol–gel process through the addition of organic polymers is the key to the successful entrapment of the organic sensitizers and activator in inorganic matrixes. These transparent or translucent sol–gel scintillators were evaluated for alpha radiation and neutron detections.
Using Leed® to Facilitate The Eisa Goal of Zero Fossil Fuel Use in New Federal Buildings

ABSTRACT The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA) introduced numerous requirements to improve the energy and environmental performance of federal buildings. Section 433 of EISA established aggressive fossil fuel reduction targets for federal construction projects which exceed $2.5 million in total cost (adjusted annually for inflation) and/or require a U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) prospectus. These reductions, measured using the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) as the baseline, begin with 55% for projects initiated in Fiscal Year (FY) 2010 and increase stepwise to 100% for projects initiated in FY 2030. The U.S. Green Building Council's (USGBC's) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®) system is the most widely used and widely accepted sustainable building rating system in the United States. It is a performance-based, quantifiable standard that evaluates the energy and environmental performance of buildings from a whole building, full l...
A portable version of the go/no-go association task (GNAT)

The present article describes a portable version of the go/no-go association task (GNAT) that runs on Palm Pilot and Handspring personal digital assistant (PDA) devices. The PDA version of the GNAT was modeled after a portable version of the Implicit Association Test (Dabbs, Bassett, & Dyomina, 2003) and was designed to facilitate measurement of implicit social cognition in field settings and among difficult-to-reach populations. The PDA version of the GNAT was used to assess implicit attitudes about smoking among 11 smokers and 28 nonsmokers. Support for the validity of the PDA version of the GNAT was provided by findings that smokers showed less negative implicit attitudes toward smoking, as measured by the GNAT, than did nonsmokers and that these implicit attitudes were positively correlated with self-reported smoking attitudes among both groups.
Loading and structural response models of circular plates subjected to near field explosions

Abstract Loading and structural response models were developed to estimate the elastic deformation of a circular plate due to near field explosions. The loading model generates the nonuniform loading characteristic of a near field explosion on a circular plate. This loading model is unique as it uses the TNT equivalence factors for pressure and impulse separately when deriving the pressure profile. Most loading models either average the two factors together or use only one of them. An analytical model and two finite element models were developed to capture the response of the circular plate due to this nonuniform loading. The analytical model utilizes the von Karman thin plate equations with a new assumed deformation profile. The typical deformation profile for a circular plate uses two constants to satisfy the boundary conditions. By adding torsional springs to the boundary of the plate and equating the springs' moment to the plate's internal moment, as well as carrying through with the von Karman model, a new assumed profile is derived which has one parameter representing the boundary. This allows for a sensitivity analysis to be performed on the boundary condition parameter. In addition, this parameter has physical meaning, as it represents the stiffness of the torsional springs. The plate center deflections for the three structural models were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data provided by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The results show that the loading becomes less accurate at very small scaled distances because the loading model is more phenomenological than physics-based. The sensitivity of the maximum plate center deflection to parameter changes was estimated. The maximum deflection was found to be most sensitive to plate thickness.
Development of retinal amacrine cells in the mouse embryo: evidence for two modes of formation.

Developing amacrine and ganglion cells have been graphically reconstructed from a series of 567 consecutive thin sections of the E17 mouse retina on the first day when an obvious inner plexiform layer (IPL) is present and 2 days later than for our previous study of amacrine cell formation at E15 (Hinds and Hinds ('78). At E17 amacrine cells of the neuroblastic layer (normally placed amacrine cells), unlike those at E15, appear to develop directly from ventricular cells; intermediate elements are bipolar-shaped cells with terminal arborization in the IPL. On the other hand, the development of displaced amacrine cells and some normally placed amacrine cells at E17 appears to closely resembles that described for all amacrine cells at E15: derivation from “ganglion cells” by loss of the axon and transformation of the cell. Three lines of evidence support this conclusion. (1) Cells have been found that resemble ganglion cells except that they have only an apparent axon remnant and have somata restricted to the IPL and the immediately adjacent portion of the ganglion cell layer (GCL); amacrine cells transitional between these cells and the smaller and darker, normally placed amacrine cells also occur in the IPL. (2) Axons of two ganglion cells have been found which appeared to be in the process of breaking up and degenerating. (3) The fraction of anaxonic cells with somata in the GCL (two out of 79, or 3%) or in the GCL plus IPL (ten out of 88 or 11%) is too small to account easily for the large fraction (probably at least 45%) of displaced amacrine cells found in the adult, even with conservative assumptions (P < 0.05). A mathematical model suggests that approximately 40% of the ganglion cells present at E17 will lose their axon, and of these around half will migrate to the neuroblastic layer, while the other half will become displaced amacrine cells. The results suggest a natural explanation for the recent finding that wide field amacrine cells are found with somata on both sides of the IPL, while narrow field amacrine cells are never displaced: the former may be derived from ganglion cells by loss of the axon, while the latter may be formed directly from ventricular cells.
Early oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in the human fetal telencephalon.

Oligodendrocytes, the myelin-producing cells in the central nervous system, represent a large portion of the total number of cells in the human brain. Using cell-specific markers and antibodies to ventral homeodomain transcription factors, NKX2.1 and DLX2, we show here that a subpopulation of early oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) in the human telencephalon may originate in the ganglionic eminence (GE). DLX2-labeled OPCs form a well-delineated stream of cells connecting the GE subventricular zone (SVZ) to the cortical intermediate zone through the anterior cortical SVZ. This population of cells is labeled by early OPCs markers, PDGFRalpha, Olig1, and NG2, and not with either neuronal, astrocyte, or late OPCs markers. Intriguingly, numerous CD68(+) microglia/macrophages, nestin(+) neural stem cells, and CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are also present in both the GE stream and the cortical SVZ. These cells could be colabeled with DLX2 as well as early OPCs markers. A separate subpopulation of early OPCs, present in the GE and cortical SVZ, did not express either DLX2 or CD68. These findings suggest that different subpopulations of early OPCs, characterized with different sets of transcription factors and cell-specific markers, are present in human forebrain. These subpopulations may have different origins; one may originate in the cortical SVZ, while others may come from the GE and/or outside the CNS as hematopoietic stem cells.
Dissolution of uric acid calculi with tham irrigation

Abstract The nonsurgical management of uric acid calculi is discussed. Three rascs are pre-sented in which irrigation of THAM solutions through cystoscopically placed ureteral -athetcrs re-sulted in rapid lysis of uric acid stones.
On the limiting radial distribution function for hydrogenic orbitals

An exact reduced limiting expression for the generalized radial distribution functionD n (r) is derived and compared with quantum distributions for various degrees of excitation. It represents the quantum result at large quantum numbers significantly better than a prior empirical representation of the universal reduced distribution and gives a somewhat larger electronic partition function for the hydrogen atom than that based on the previous distribution.
The role of the woman songwriter in country music

(1994). The role of the woman songwriter in country music. Popular Music and Society: Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 35-41.
Single-Nucleotide Polymorphic Genotypes Reveal Patterns of Early Juvenile Migration of Sockeye Salmon in the Eastern Bering Sea

Abstract We estimate patterns of nearshore migration in the eastern Bering Sea for out-migrating Bristol Bay sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka in their first year at sea. Over 3,000 juveniles were collected during the late summer of 2005–2007 as part of the Bering–Aleutian Salmon International Survey and tested with a regional genetic baseline of 45 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Population-specific and westward migrations from natal rivers were evident. Populations from Wood River and northwestward predominated in the northern latitudes of Bristol Bay and the eastern Bering Sea and populations from the Egegik River and southwestward in the southern latitudes, while the populations spawning at the head of Bristol Bay had the highest proportions in the middle latitudes. These patterns were stable across years, apparently unaffected by marine productivity and temperature. This continuum of marine migratory patterns most likely reflects stable and population-specific adaptations to buffer the distribution ...